text:
Honors college diversity lagging
Since its establishment in 2003, the Honors College has become home to many of the University's brightest students and most engaging activities. It is now a central part of student life and a valued recruitment tool.
Unfortunately, the Honors College has also opened new divides on a campus that was already deeply divided. The Crimson White reported Monday that the Honors College student body is 91 percent white, while white students make up only 81 percent of the overall UA student body. Black students are enormously underrepresented, making up 12.4 percent of enrollment but only 3.3 percent of the Honors College.
This discrepancy not only reduces the number of minority students who can benefit from Honors College programs, but it also reduces the benefit students in the Honors College would receive from a more diverse environment.
Like the prestigious universities it models itself after, the Honors College could do more to recruit talented minority students. Programs such as the diversity committee in the Honors College Assembly are a good first step, but the Honors College could make a more concerted effort to show that the University is a generally accepting environment. More programs geared toward connecting minority students would be a strong recruitment tool for top scholars.
The Honors College has great potential to be a tool for bringing intelligent, motivated students together across racial lines. Currently, though, the Honors College is pulling talented white students from the rest of the student body, and further isolating them from diversity. The gradual progress we have made since integration will not be sustainable if the University doesn't make diversity a priority for all of its programs.
We have confidence in Honors College administrators. However, going forward, we hope the college will be more ambitious in educating different student groups and minority applicants about its many opportunities. Through education and encouragement, the college can identify qualified minority applicants and get them involved.
ua honors college


Show your love for the Florida State Seminoles with this Crimean Team Striped T-shirt from Pressbox!
Womens_Pressbox_White/Garnet_Florida_State_Seminoles_Crimean_Team_Striped_T-Shirt http://images.fanatics.com/lf http://dmimages.ff.p10/chains/2664821.txt false We are unable to customize this item with the text you have entered. Please try a different entry again. Your current entry cannot be processed due to guidelines for past and present player names. Please create a new entry.


text:
Şerif Turgut is a Turkish journalist and the first woman war correspondent of Turkey, best known for her coverage during the Bosnian War.

Şerif Turgut received her master's degree in international politics from George Washington University, USA.

Early career
She decided to be a war correspondent when she saw the photographs from the Omarska camp, a death camp in Bosnia and Herzegovina set up and run by the Army of Republika Srpska in the first months of Bosnian War. She went to Bosnia on her own as a freelance journalist. Intended in the beginning to stay ten days only, she remained in Bosnia for almost five years when her life changed after she witnessed the horror there.

Bosnian War coverage
She reported for the Turkish television channel ATV from the Bosnian War, at which more than hundred thousand people were killed between 1992 and 1995. Turgut went on to cover the Kosovo War, Iraq War and many other conflicts including the Algerian Civil War, Western Sahara War and Second Chechen War. During the Kosovo War, she also helped immigrants, who fled their home to settle in Turkey, by giving information about their relatives living still in Kosovo.

UN
She served more than three years as the United Nations Head of Public Information Office for Central Liberia. During this time, she was involved in creation and management of information dissemination mechanisms in the fields such as demilitarization, social integration, political rehabilitation, elections and post conflict transition.

Honors
She received more than ten national and international awards for her journalism achievement during the Bosnian War. In 2002, Turgut became an International Knight Fellow at Stanford University.

Şerif Turgut featured in the documentary television series titled Savaşı Anlatan Kadınlar (literally: "Women War Correspondents") broadcast by the Turkish channel TRT on the International Women's Day in 2013.

Personal life
She was a friend of Spanish war correspondent Miguel Gil Moreno de Mora, with whom she went to Srebrenica right after the 1995 massacre there. Miguel Gil Moreno was later shot to death in the Sierra Leone Civil War. During her service in the Second Liberian Civil War, she became a friend of the war correspondents Tim Hetherington from England and Chris Hondros from the U.S., who were killed in the 2011 Libyan Civil War.

References

Date of birth missing (living people)
Place of birth missing (living people)
George Washington University alumni
Turkish war correspondents
Turkish women journalists
Turkish television journalists
Sabah (newspaper) people
War correspondents of the Iraq War
Stanford University Knight Fellows
Turkish officials of the United Nations
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Crime Race Realism
St. Louis: 13% Black Population Causes 74% of Crime, 92% of Murder
October 23, 2017 Staff 5013 Views 1 Comment
The TNO Staff writes:
Blacks make up 13 percent of the population of St. Louis, Missouri, but are responsible for 74 percent of all the crime, including 92 percent of all murders, 82 percent of all rapes, 92 percent of all robberies, 87 percent of all assaults, 73 percent of all larceny-thefts, 77 percent of all auto thefts, and 77 percent of all arson attacks, new figures from that city's police department have shown.
The black crime wave is a microcosm of crime rates across America, and are the ultimate proof of the link between nonwhites and crime—a fact either ignored by race-deniers or dismissed by blaming whites in one form or another.
According to the US Census Quickfacts service, the city of St. Louis had a "White alone, not Hispanic or Latino" population of 61.3 percent as of July 1, 2016, while the "Black or African American alone" figure for the same period stood at 13.3 percent.
According to the latest "Metropolitan Police Department, City of St. Louis 2016 Annual Report to the Community," issued by the St. Louis Metropolitan Police Department, in the year January 1 to December 31, 2016, a total of 14,234 crimes took place in the area under their jurisdiction.
This translates, the report said, into one homicide every 47 hours, one rape every 30 hours, one robbery every 5 hours, one aggravated assault every 2 hours, one burglary every 3 hours, one Larceny every 42 minutes, one vehicle theft every 3 hours, and one arson every 32 hours.
Of the 14,234 crimes, whites were responsible for 25.1 percent, blacks for 74.7 percent, and "others" for 0.2 percent,
Page 34 of the report them broke down the offences and arrests by race:
Murder: White 10, 7.5%. Black 124, 92.5%. Other 0.
Manslaughter by Negligence: White 1, 50.0%. Black 1, 50.0%. Other 0.
Forcible Rape: White 12, 17.6%. Black 56, 82.4%. Other 0.
Robbery: White 40, 7.8%. Black 475, 92.2%. Other 0.
Aggravated Assault: White 156, 12.9%. Black 1,049, 87.0%. Other 1, 0.1%.
Burglary: White 118, 23.2%. Black 390, 76.6%. Other 1, 0.2%.
Larceny-Theft: White 311, 26.0%. Black 885, 73.9%. Other 1, 0.1%.
Auto Theft: White 30, 22.9%. Black 101, 77.1%. Other 0.
Arson: White 5, 22.7%. Black 17, 77.3%. Other 0.
Other Assaults: White 277, 19.8%. Black 1,115, 79.7%. Other 7, 0.5%.
Forgery & Counterfeiting: White 14, 25.9%. Black 40, 74.1%. Other 0.
Fraud: White 19, 24.7%. Black 58, 75.3%. Other 0.
Stolen Property—Buying, Receiving, Possessing: White 109, 11.2%; Black 867, 88.8%. Other 0.
Vandalism: White 68, 18.1%. Black 307, 81.6%. Other 1, 0.3%
Weapons Offenses: White 88, 10.0%. Black 792, 89.9%. Other 1 0.1%.
Prostitution: White 14, 40.0%. Black 21, 60.0%. Other 0.
Sex Offenses (Excluding forcible rape and prostitution): White 87, 47.0%. Black 96, 51.9%. Other 2, 1.1%.
Drug Violations: White 979, 39.1%. Black 1,524, 60.8%. Other 3, 0.1%
Gambling: White 0. Black 3, 100.0%. Other 0.
Offenses Against Family & Children: White 15, 18.8%. Black 65, 81.3%. Other 0.
DWI: White 85, 63.0%. Black 50, 37.0%. Other 0.
Liquor Law Violations: White 45, 38.1%. Black 72, 61.0%. Other 1, 0.8%.
Disorderly Conduct: White 301, 31.4%. Black 656, 68.3%. Other 3, 0.3%.
Vagrancy: White 85, 41.3%. Black 121, 58.7%. Other 0.
All Other Crimes: White 698, 28.4%. Black 1,753, 71.3%. Other 8, 0.3%.
Of the homicides, the report added, 85 percent of the victims were black and 14.4 percent where white. Furthermore, 88 percent of the homicide victims had a criminal history, and 91 percent of "Known Homicide Suspects" have an arrest history.
The report also revealed that 379 Law Enforcement Officers had been assaulted by members of the public during 2016.
[SOURCE: New Observer Online]
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One thought on "St. Louis: 13% Black Population Causes 74% of Crime, 92% of Murder"
Never see the facts and statistics on the (((news))). Blacks don't realize if White people ar gone the US would look like Sierra Leone in under 6 months. The blacks have contributed absolutely NOTHING to Our country! Literally nothing . The worst import by far.
Can Germany Be Made Great Again?
August 1, 2017 August 2, 2017 Staff 2
Citizens Informer Leftists
Against The Electoral College
Citizens Informer SPLC
SPLC Director Threatens To Call Police On Reporter Over Questions About Sexual Harassment Allegations
April 5, 2019 April 30, 2019 Staff 1
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


And I want to find out the inverse of this matrix.
Now, to get the inverse of the matrix , I will follow a few steps.
First of all, I will find out the determinant of the matrix.
Next, I will determine the cofactor of each element of the matrix.
Then I'll write to them in a matrix form.
In the end, I will find out the transpose of the new matrix.
And then only I can get the inverse of the matrix by using another formula.
If interested, you can read all the details procedure in my post on the inverse of a matrix.
But today I'll use the Gauss-Jordan method to find out the inverse of a matrix. And you will see that it's quite a straight forward thing.
And my aim is to bring the unit matrix on the left-hand side. And for that, I have to use row operations on this matrix.
As per the Gauss-Jordan method, the matrix on the right-hand side will be the inverse of the matrix .
Now I'll give some examples of how to use the Gauss-Jordan method to find out the inverse of a matrix.
Here comes my first example.
According to Kreyszig (2005)*, "Find the inverse by Gauss-Jordan.
Now I'll use the Gauss-Jordan method to find out the inverse of the matrix .
And my aim is to bring the unit matrix on the left-hand side. As per the Gauss-Jordan method, the matrix on the right-hand side will be the inverse of the matrix .
First of all, I'll add times row 1 to row 2. Simultaneously, I'll subtract twice row 1 from row 3.
As I can see, I have already got the identity matrix component at the second row.
Now I'll try to bring the other two as well.
Next, I'll multiply the row 3 of the matrix with .
Now I have got the identity matrix component at the first row as well.
Next, I'll do that with the third row too.
Now I'll subtract 3 times row 1 from row 3.
As I can see, the unit matrix is on the left-hand side of the matrix .
So this means the right-hand side matrix is the inverse of the matrix .
Now comes my other example.
First of all, I'll subtract twice row 1 from row 3.
As I can see the last row of the left-hand side matrix has all zero, I can't calculate further.
Hence the conclusion is that this matrix doesn't have an inverse. And this is the answer to this example.
And now comes my last example.
First of all, I'll add twice row 1 to row 2.
As I can see, I have already got the identity matrix component in the third row.
Next, I'll add times row 3 to row 1. Simultaneously, I'll subtract twice row 3 from row 2.
Now I'll multiply the row 2 of the matrix with .
Now I have got the identity matrix component at the second row as well.
Next, I'll do that with the first row too.
Now I'll subtract twice row 2 from row 1.
Dear friends, this is the end of today's post on the Gauss-Jordan method to find out the inverse of a matrix. Thank you very much for reading this. Please let me know how you feel about it. Soon I will be back again with a new post. Till then, bye, bye!!
*Reference: E. Kreyszig (2005): Advanced engineering mathematics, Wiley, 9th Edition (November 11, 20015), Chapter 8: Linear algebra: Matrices, Vectors, Determinants, Linear systems, Sec. 7.8, Problem set 7.8, p. 322, Q. No. 5 (Example 1), Q. No. 11 (Example 2), Q. No. 12 (Example 3).


text:
Organizations, Law Enforcement, Humans
US Secret Service
Season(s)
Chief William P. Wood
Leader(s)
USSS Director, Secretary of Homeland Security, President of the United States.
Date of establishment
The United States Secret Service (USSS) is a federal law enforcement agency charged with protecting the President of the United States.
The US Secret Service serve under the U.S. Department of Homeland Security. Until 2003, the Service was part of the U.S. Department of the Treasury because the organization's first mission was to fight counterfeiting of U.S. currency which was rampant following the U.S. Civil War. They currently have two distinct areas of responsibility, the other being protection, by ensuring the safety of current and former national leaders and their families, such as the President, past Presidents, Vice Presidents, presidential candidates, visiting heads of state, and foreign embassies.
Season 12 Edit
The Secret Service are first shown with President Jefferson Rooney at an estate owned by zillionaire Ron Forester. They are neither able to prevent nor realize when Lucifer arrives and takes possession of the President. When a male aide ends up dead from massive cerebral hemorrhage, the Service agents gather around the President to pray for the fallen man.
Lucifer orders the leader, Rick Sanchez, to keep an eye out for two "mentally unstable individuals" who plan to assassinate the President. Lucifer wants the Secret Service to capture them. Rick accepts the order.
Rick and some members encounter the unstable individuals on the road towards the estate. Before they can arrest Sam and Dean though, Man of Letters Arthur Ketch knocks them out by blowing up one of their vehicles with a grenade launcher.
When the President's aide Kelly Kline asks to meet with the President at a hotel room, Lucifer sends a few agents to search the place. One finds Castiel inside a closet, but Castiel manipulates him into telling Lucifer the room is "all clear".
After Sam and Dean successfully exorcise Lucifer from the President, the Secret Service agents along with Rick find them crouching over an unconscious President, and proceed to arrest them and take the two to Site 94, on charges of attempting to assassinate the President as Lucifer predicted.
After two months, Sam and Dean manage to escape from Site 94. Rick and the Secret Service agents prepare to hunt them down along with Agent Camp. They are surprisingly overwhelmed by Sam and Dean, however. The brothers choose to spare them and inform Rick that they had rescued the President from the Devil.
Unfortunately for everyone present at Site 94, Arthur Ketch considers them all as loose ends and proceeds to kill each one of them.
Arthur eventually reveals the murder of the Secret Service agents while speaking to Mary Winchester.
Known USSS Agents Edit
Rick Sanchez (deceased)
Unnamed Agent (deceased)
Twigs & Twine & Tasha Banes (mentioned only)
Retrieved from "https://supernatural.fandom.com/wiki/US_Secret_Service?oldid=304155"
Articles without quotes


Keywords: cortical bone, boundary element method (bem), defect detection, genetic algorithms.
an efficient solution for cavity detection in cortical bone, using a point load superposition technique employing the boundary element method is presented in this paper. two examples where the cavity is located using a tac is presented. results of cavity presence problems simulated using numerical experiments validate the approach in cortical bone with a single cavity.


I'm Nadia, nice to meet you!
Originally from Bulgaria, a few years ago I relocated to Gibraltar for my work. I liked it here and decided to stay – so here I am today, a half-Bulgarian, half-Gibbo, but very much a citizen of the world.
I share my life with Gareth, my significant other, and our two bunnies – Buttons and Pretzel. We are usually surrounded by family and friends, and we couldn't love our life more.
When I am not baking or working, you can find me at a scouts meeting – I am a scout leader in charge of Beavers, the youngest, most impressionable girl- and boy scouts of Gib – or hiking the Rock.
My baking obsession started back home with a simple cupcake recipe I got from a coworker. It wasn't anything special at first – just some yummy cupcakes with store-bought frosting, nothing special, really. Later on, I started pimping the base of the recipe, adding a little twist here and there, experimenting with frosting and icing, adding sprinkles for extra fun and so on.
I shared by bakes with friends and co-workers, and the more they enjoyed them, the more I enjoyed baking, until one day I realised that I may be an account manager by profession, but I am a baker at heart.
My baking and decoration skills grew by the day, and so did my equipment – which lead me to sign up Gibraltar national TV's Christmas Bake-Off in 2013. Not only did I participate in the show, but I also won it. My friends and family couldn't be prouder – or so they claim!
I hope to have my own cupcake truck one day – who knows, perhaps some time in the near future you will see me driving a (pink?) truck around Gibraltar, spreading around sugary goods and happiness.
NadiasCupcakes.com is the place where I will be sharing pictures of my cakes, recipes to try yourself, useful tips and tricks about baking, and more. All comments and feedback will be greatly appreciated, so don't be shy!
If you would like to say hi, head over to the Contact page.


Word from Chris Goodwin that all is well in Japan. In fact, it seems that all is very good in Japan, bar one mishap.
The bad news is two days later I peeled the Onion on some rocks and now will attempt a repair with what I hope is the right kind of Japanese glue. We will see how that goes.
I've given Chris soideas for repairs so hopefully we'll see the Onion back in action soon.
Repair is all done. Great job!
I didn't mention but the local elders here thought I was crazy going out on the mat. They thought it was hilarious in a good way and enjoyed watching me surf the big stuff and get demolished by a few.


Submitted by user 47 Used, view Code OFF 20 discount when you refer a friend Receive 20 voucher for every friend you refer.Get free shipping to New Zealand when you spend over 50 at THE matron of honor gift bags iconic.Simply follow these..
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The Sun (2013)Great big bears with sore heads.
Times, Sunday electric quilt promo code Times (2016)No one is born a winner.
He's confused me so much that I've lost my bearings completely.
Greek arktos and Latin ursus retain the PIE root word for "bear" rtko; see Arctic but it is believed to have been ritually replaced in the northern branches because of hunters' taboo on names of wild animals (cf.The weight is bearing down on my chest.Comment est-ce que tu peux lui parler?Old English beran "to bear, bring; bring forth, produce; to endure, sustain; to wear" (class IV strong verb; past tense bær, past participle boren from Proto-Germanic *beranan (cf.Times, Sunday Times (2012).


text:
Q: On Windows, packages installed with cabal seem to be unavailable in ghc/ghci I'm running the latest version of Haskell Platform 8.6.3 on a fairly standard Windows 10 x64 system.
Now I am at my wits end getting packages installed from Hackage to work reliably.  Attributing my issues to local configuration problems, I've taken all steps short of nuking my Windows installation.  I have uninstalled and reinstalled Hackage, rebooted, scoured every last configuration file I could in any hidden directory or otherwise, deleted every registry key apparently related to Haskell, most of them multiple times, all to no avail:
Packages installed with cabal just don't appear to be available under ghci, WinGHCI, either to be loaded interactively with (:m) under ghci or when compiling using ghc under WinGHCI, no matter what I do.
Below are some symptoms.  Any suggestions?
#cabal new-update
Downloading the latest package list from hackage.haskell.org
To revert to previous state run:
    cabal new-update 'hackage.haskell.org,2019-04-02T19:24:19Z'

#cabal new-install --lib vector
Resolving dependencies...
Up to date

#ghci
Prelude> :m Data.Vector

<no location info>: error:
    Could not find module 'Data.Vector'
    Perhaps you meant Data.Functor (from base-4.12.0.0)

#ghc -O -optc-O3 -funfolding-use-threshold=16 -fexcess-precision -Wall -Wno-type-defaults -Wno-unused-imports -Wno-unused-top-binds -rtsopts "P663.hs"
[1 of 1] Compiling Main             ( P663.hs, P663.o )

P663.hs:54:1: error:
    Could not find module 'Data.Vector.Unboxed'
    Use -v to see a list of the files searched for.
   |
54 | import           Data.Vector.Unboxed (Vector, (!))    | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

 #ghc-pkg list
C:\Program Files\Haskell Platform\8.6.3\lib\package.conf.d
    Cabal-2.4.0.1
    Win32-2.6.1.0
    array-0.5.3.0
    base-4.12.0.0
    binary-0.8.6.0
    bytestring-0.10.8.2
    containers-0.6.0.1
    deepseq-1.4.4.0
    directory-1.3.3.0
    filepath-1.4.2.1
    (ghc-8.6.3)
    ghc-boot-8.6.3
    ghc-boot-th-8.6.3
    ghc-compact-0.1.0.0
    ghc-heap-8.6.3
    ghc-prim-0.5.3
    ghci-8.6.3
    haskeline-0.7.4.3
    hpc-0.6.0.3
    hscolour-1.24.4
    integer-gmp-1.0.2.0
    libiserv-8.6.3
    mtl-2.2.2
    parsec-3.1.13.0
    pretty-1.1.3.6
    process-1.6.3.0
    rts-1.0
    stm-2.5.0.0
    template-haskell-2.14.0.0
    text-1.2.3.1
    time-1.8.0.2
    transformers-0.5.5.0
    xhtml-3000.2.2.1

#ghc-pkg list --user-package-db=C:\Users\Carl\AppData\Roaming\cabal\store\ghc-8.6.3\package.db
C:\Program Files\Haskell Platform\8.6.3\lib\package.conf.d
    Cabal-2.4.0.1
    Win32-2.6.1.0
    array-0.5.3.0
    base-4.12.0.0
    binary-0.8.6.0
    bytestring-0.10.8.2
    containers-0.6.0.1
    deepseq-1.4.4.0
    directory-1.3.3.0
    filepath-1.4.2.1
    (ghc-8.6.3)
    ghc-boot-8.6.3
    ghc-boot-th-8.6.3
    ghc-compact-0.1.0.0
    ghc-heap-8.6.3
    ghc-prim-0.5.3
    ghci-8.6.3
    haskeline-0.7.4.3
    hpc-0.6.0.3
    hscolour-1.24.4
    integer-gmp-1.0.2.0
    libiserv-8.6.3
    mtl-2.2.2
    parsec-3.1.13.0
    pretty-1.1.3.6
    process-1.6.3.0
    rts-1.0
    stm-2.5.0.0
    template-haskell-2.14.0.0
    text-1.2.3.1
    time-1.8.0.2
    transformers-0.5.5.0
    xhtml-3000.2.2.1

C:\Users\Carl\AppData\Roaming\cabal\store\ghc-8.6.3\package.db
    primitive-0.6.4.0
    vector-0.12.0.2

#set GHC_PACKAGE_PATH=C:\Users\Carl\AppData\Roaming\cabal\store\ghc-8.6.3\package.db;
#ghc-pkg list
C:\Program Files\Haskell Platform\8.6.3\lib\package.conf.d
    Cabal-2.4.0.1
    Win32-2.6.1.0
    array-0.5.3.0
    base-4.12.0.0
    binary-0.8.6.0
    bytestring-0.10.8.2
    containers-0.6.0.1
    deepseq-1.4.4.0
    directory-1.3.3.0
    filepath-1.4.2.1
    (ghc-8.6.3)
    ghc-boot-8.6.3
    ghc-boot-th-8.6.3
    ghc-compact-0.1.0.0
    ghc-heap-8.6.3
    ghc-prim-0.5.3
    ghci-8.6.3
    haskeline-0.7.4.3
    hpc-0.6.0.3
    hscolour-1.24.4
    integer-gmp-1.0.2.0
    libiserv-8.6.3
    mtl-2.2.2
    parsec-3.1.13.0
    pretty-1.1.3.6
    process-1.6.3.0
    rts-1.0
    stm-2.5.0.0
    template-haskell-2.14.0.0
    text-1.2.3.1
    time-1.8.0.2
    transformers-0.5.5.0
    xhtml-3000.2.2.1

C:\Users\Carl\AppData\Roaming\ghc\x86_64-mingw32-8.6.3\package.conf.d
    (no packages)
C:\Users\Carl\AppData\Roaming\cabal\store\ghc-8.6.3\package.db
    primitive-0.6.4.0
    vector-0.12.0.2

# ghci
GHCi, version 8.6.3: http://www.haskell.org/ghc/  :? for help
Prelude> :m Data.Vector
Prelude Data.Vector> toList $ empty

Access violation in generated code when reading 0xffffffffffffffff

 Attempting to reconstruct a stack trace...

   Frame        Code address
 * 0x7e5dd90    0x3d7d618 C:\Program Files\Haskell Platform\8.6.3\bin\ghc.exe+0x397d618

A: So it looks like you solved your problem by setting GHC_PACKAGE_PATH, right? You might wish to file a bug about that.
The second issue, the runtime "Access violation in generated code when reading" error seems to be documented here:
https://github.com/commercialhaskell/stack/issues/3765
https://gitlab.haskell.org/ghc/ghc/issues/13112
Supposedly passing -fexternal-interpreter to ghci is a workaround. You might want to manually edit the ghc/ghci shim scripts to ensure the flag is always passed until the bug can be fixed.

A: Thanks for all the responses.  I've experimented both with running ghc on some version of UN*X under VirtualBox and uninstalling Haskell Platform and going purely with stack under Windows 10 x64.
Both seem to avoid the many issues I listed above, but stack under Windows seems a little more light-weight and integrates better with my preferred editors (Sublime Text and Visual Studio Code), so that is what I'm going with for now.
In the meantime, with all due gratitude for all the great, free work done by the Haskell Platform guys and the author of WinGHCI, I cannot urge anybody reading this strongly enough to stay away from it, in particular version 8.6.3 under Windows, at least until things are much improved.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Political Status|Jerusalem|Religious & Historical Issues / Agreements
Basic Agreement Between the Holy See and the PLO (2000)
Vatican City, Vatican
An agreement between the Holy See and the PLO signed in the Vatican on 15 February 2000. Following the official establishment of relations between the two parties in 1994, the agreement called for a special statute to be established for Jerusalem, based on the equality of the three monotheistic religions, freedom of access to and worship in the holy places, and maintenance of the status quo. It also called for a peaceful solution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and addressed the position of the Catholic Church in areas under Palestinian control.
Basic Agreement Between the Holy See and the PLO - English (2000)
Fundamental Agreement Between the Holy See and the State of Israel (1993)


text:
Jack Burke (1869–1913) was a boxer who fought in the longest gloved ring battle on record in the late 19th century.

Burke went 110 rounds with Andy Bowen at the Olympic Club in New Orleans on April 6, 1893, in a bout which lasted 7 hours and 19 minutes. The marathon fight was called a "no contest" by referee John Duffy when neither man could continue. Burke broke all the bones in both of his hands and remained bed ridden for 6 weeks after the fight. Burke considered retiring after the fight, but chose to continue competing. Andy Bowen had originally scheduled the fight with another opponent, however after dropping out of the fight, Jack Burke, who was the latter's trainer, fought the bout instead.

It was reported that the fight went for so long, that the spectators who stayed to watch the fight had fallen asleep in their seats. It was also recorded that at round 108, with no clear end in sight, referee John Duffy made the decision that if no winner had emerged in the next 2 rounds, the bout would be ruled a no contest.

"Texas" Jack Burke died at Mublenberg Hospital in October 1913 at the age of 44.

References

External links
 http://www.boxrec.com/media/index.php?title=Human:64402
 http://cyberboxingzone.com/boxing/bowen-andy.htm

1869 births
1942 deaths
Boxers from Louisiana
American male boxers
Lightweight boxers


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Looking to really reduce your AR double-tap times?
You'll want to go the lightweight low-mass bolt carrier group (BCG) route.
The BCG is the piece of metal moving back and forth between each shot. Lower the weight…and you'll lower the disturbance to your rifle and sight picture.
We'll cover the most popular ones out right now, other upgrades you should do at the same time, and reliability concerns.
Why Get a Lightweight BCG?
As we mentioned above…lowering the mass of the primary thing moving around in your rifle is going to help minimize the overall movement.
This will let you get back on target faster and reduce the felt recoil.
The normal advice is to use the full-auto (FA) BCG compared to the lighter semi-auto BCG when used in rifles where reliability is key.
And don't worry…full-auto BCG's are perfectly legal. It's the trigger group that makes something actually full-auto.
The extra mass of FA BCG's keeps things running smoothly in over-gassed AR-15's that were made to run a variety of ammo and in crappy environments.
Since you're looking at lightweight BCG's…you're probably messing around with a secondary AR-15…likely for competition.
You probably won't be scrounging for ammo on the battlefield so you can lower the amount of mass needed to make your rifle still run 100%.
What about using the lighter semi-auto BCG?
It's only slightly less weight at 10 oz and change compared to the FA of 11.5 oz…while the ones we're going to talk about are getting down to the 5 oz range.
How Do You Lower the Mass of BCG's?
First…you can cut away "unnecessary" parts of the steel carrier.
And second…you can use more exotic materials that weigh less.
You'll see a mixture of these two types of mass lowering techniques in our roundup.
Speaking of which…let's get started!
JP was one of, if not the first, major company to sell lightweight BCGs. For a while, they stopped, but now they are back at it again with their Low Mass Operating System (LMOS) models.
We're at around the 1000 round count and don't see any major wearing…just sweet low recoil shooting. It's made of steel so it should keep on chugging.
Just keep in mind that you'll lose the use of your forward assist function (who has ever actually used their forward assist though?).
*EDIT* I originally stated that this model was aluminum.
This new BCG from JP recently came out so we haven't gotten our mitts on it yet…but we had to include it since it truly is ULTRA low mass.
But with great weight reduction comes great cost.
Both monetarily and reduced life. Because the BCG is the same material as your upper receiver (aluminum)…it will see some wear and degradation as it does its job…to a point where you have to get a new one. For that reason, JP recommends that you use the Ultra only in competition rifles.
It now has forward assist capabilities, but after a couple thousand rounds you'll have to junk it for a new one.
From Faxon, maker of affordable and great barrels comes their lightweight steel BCG. Check out all of those weight reducing cuts!
Since it's steel…the carrier should last almost indefinitely like its semi and full-auto brethren.
We've been running it in our overall super lightweight build for around 800 rounds and it's been running smooth as butter.
The price is right too at about $200 less than the normal JP aluminum BCG and even less weight. Just good luck finding it in stock!
Since at the time of publication the Faxon was sold out everywhere…I'm throwing in JP's steel version for price-conscious lightweight aficionados.
The weight is on par and you'll save if you scrounge up a bolt from a previous BCG.
Thank you, titanium, for bringing the best of both worlds…the lightness of aluminum but the durability of steel.
You'll shave off 32% of the weight compared to a standard BCG, but you won't run into the wear problems of aluminum carriers.
I've been running the RCA for over a year (estimate 2500 rounds) in my competition build and I'm still not tired of tapers showing me the touching double-taps I get on targets.
A newcomer from Brownells which usually has great self-branded stuff. When you want to try out going lightweight without breaking the bank.
Comes in three flavors of Nitride, Nickel Boron (my recommendation), or TiN (gold…yea you know who you are).
Since the AR-15 is a well-oiled machine where multiple parts have to work together…you can't just change up 30% of one thing without having to mod others.
Here's what I found to have the best reliability combined with a lighter BCG.
Gets rid of the *sproing* of the regular buffer tube spring…and makes your AR-15 feel and shoot SO much better. Especially needed since the standard buffer and spring are too heavy/stiff for your lightweight BCG.
Opt for the spring kit if you decide to go this route. I originally got the single pack and needed the lightest spring to go with my RCA BCG.
The kit lets you customize things to just how you like them.
Not ready to make the jump to the entire system…check out a lighter buffer ($57) and tuned spring ($19).
You'll really want an adjustable gas block since you'll need less gas to move the lighter BCG. Otherwise, you'll have a really fast moving BCG which might actually increase felt recoil and damage parts.
My pick is for the Superlative Arms gas block (full review) since it has the bleed off hole technology.
So there you have it…our list of the best lightweight BCG's on the market right now.
Want more awesome AR-15 reviews and guides? Take a look at this!
If you have any questions about swapping your bolt carrier group out, how to choose a new one, or you just want to tell others how much better (or worse) you're shooting with a low-mass BCG, be sure to let us know in the comments below!
Being in Canada we have a lot of what you call SBRs, I am having issues with a 10in in 223. I admit I am using bargain NEA barrel, and BCG. I get double feeds and short stroking, stove piping, changed rings and drilled out gas port with some.. 50% improvement but still feel at a loss. Another gent with a 7,5in said he switched to a semi BCG and bingo, would a lighter BCG and better quality bolt with stronger springs help?
Thanks for the reply. I like the idea with the gas Port. I will switch to a 11.5 in barrel or longer to eliminate short dwell time, i have had some success since we talked, switched to Winchester white box (much better) and coated gas rings in heavier oil.. oh gas rings gaps we're all aligned…. Ahhhh. Also coated BCG and upper in Teflon. That being said i am using bargain parts.
Eric, thank you for taking the time to share what you've learned. I am starting my first AR15 build, my first rifle in 25 years, and I've taken this info to heart.
You should do a review on the Brownells reduced weight BCGs! All three flavors; and please cover reliability, wear, coating retention (for NiB and TiN), lubricity, rust endurance for the nitride version, and opinion/review on "how it feels", as well as how to best combine it with other parts to fully benefit from this BCG (buffer system, gas blocks, etc). If you can pull this off it would be great, thanks!
Links of other reviews on this also welcomed…Thanks again!
Yup, when we update the article we will get our hands on a few!
You say the price is 200 less than the jp aluminium on the faxon and it weighs less. The 1st part of that is correct the second is not i don't think. For the jp aluminum you say 5. something and the faxon 8. something.


When i test the connection it gives me a "java.lang.noclassDefFounderror: com/healthmarketscience/jackcess/util/errorhandler"
how can i make this connection work?
I have multiple tables in the access database file, i want to do a direct mapping of all tables to SQL server database tables -- whats the best way to do that-- can i do all tables mapping using one datamapper or will it have to be a separate flow for each table - please provide guidance.
Do you have any link that shows the steps to connect to Access database?
@crazy Start Do you have any link that shows the steps to connect to Access database?
Then try following the instructions here and let me know if it works.
any one got the solution for this problem.


text:
Date of Acceptance 16-Feb-2022
Background: The reduction of Streptococcus mutans from the oral cavity or its adherence to tooth surfaces can prevent or decrease the progression of caries. In this study, the antimicrobial and anti-adherence properties of Pistacia atlantica (P. atlantica) resin (Essential oil [EO] and methanolic extract [ME]) were investigated on S. mutans strains.
Materials and Methods: In this in vitro experimental study, the growth rate, biofilm formation ability, and antibiotic susceptibility profile of S. mutans ATCC35668 and 3 strains isolated from caries lesions were studied. The EO and ME of P. atlantica resin were prepared. The anti-bacterial and anti-adherence properties of them were evaluated using microdilution and microplate adherence tests, respectively. The data were statistically analyzed using SPSS with one-way and two-way analysis variance. Direct comparisons between the groups were made using the Wilcoxon W-Mann–Whitney U-test. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.
Results: All target strains showed the same growth rate and antibiotic susceptibility profile and were found strongly adherent. Both EO and ME showed moderate anti-bacterial properties (growth reduction up to 47.1% and 39.1%, respectively) against S. mutans, while the anti-bacterial effect of EO was higher than ME, significantly (P < 0.05). In all tested concentrations, EO showed a significantly stronger anti-adherence activity (50%–80%) than ME.
Conclusion: The results showed an anti-cariogenic effect of EO extracted from P. Atlantica resin. Considering that S. mutans adhesion is a necessary step in the beginning and progression of dental caries, this study can suggest the use of such extract in mouthwashes or toothpaste as an alternative agent for preventing bacterial attachment and biofilm formation.
Keywords: Adherence, anti-bacterial agent, cariogenic, pistacia, Streptococcus mutans
Tahmourespour A, Aminzadeh A, Salehifard I. Anti-adherence and anti-bacterial activities of Pistacia atlantica resin extract against strongly adherent Streptococcus mutans strains. Dent Res J 2022;19:36
Tahmourespour A, Aminzadeh A, Salehifard I. Anti-adherence and anti-bacterial activities of Pistacia atlantica resin extract against strongly adherent Streptococcus mutans strains. Dent Res J [serial online] 2022 [cited 2023 Feb 9];19:36. Available from: https://www.drjjournal.net/text.asp?2022/19/1/36/344159
Dental caries is the main public health concern ranked first for the permanent tooth decay of about 2.3 billion people.[1] Specific bacteria are related to dental caries initiation and progressions. Streptococcus mutans is considered the principal etiological agent of dental caries due to its adherence ability to tooth surface, sucrose fermentation, extracellular polysaccharides, and acid production.[2],[3] Hence, the reduction of S. mutans or its attachment to tooth surfaces can prevent or decrease caries development.[4]
Today, there are several mechanical, chemical, and biological preventive strategies to control the caries progression.[5] However, despite the progress in preventive methods, dental caries distribution in developed countries remains high. Hence, there is a great need to look for novel preventive methods. Besides, there are some well-known anti-microbial agents like chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) which is very successful in reducing the salivary mutans Streptococci count, but it is not effective as a preventive agent due to its adverse effects like teeth and tongue discoloration and bacterial resistance.[6],[7]
However, biofilm elimination from teeth surfaces remains a challenge because the nature of structural and physiological properties of biofilm bacteria provides natural resistance to anti-bacterial agents.[8] Thus, further researches and development of alternative natural and safe antimicrobial agents for dental caries prevention are needed. In recent decades, much attention has been attracted to the use of traditional herbal agents due to exhibiting potent anti-bacterial, anti-cancer, anti-adhesion, or anti-cariogenic activities of plant-derived active compounds.[9],[10],[11]
One of the traditional plants is Pistacia atlantica (P. atlantica) which is called "Banneh" in Iran. It is one of the most important tree species commonly distributed in different countries such as Iran, Iraq, Algeria, and turkey.[12] The resin of P. atlantica tree has various beneficial effects and it is traditionally used in Iran as peptic ulcer treatment, mouth freshener, antiseptic, gum tissue strengthener, appetizer, astringent, diuretic, gastrointestinal disorder treatment, etc.[13] Other studies have reported the anti-fungal, anti-parasite, and anti-bacterial activities of P. atlantica.[14],[15],[16],[17] So, this study aimed to investigate the anti-cariogenic efficacy of the essential oil (EO) and methanolic extract (ME) of P. atlantica resin through the investigation of their anti-bacterial, and anti-adhesion activities against strongly adherent (SA) S. mutans strains in vitro.
Bacterial strain and growth conditions
S. mutans ATCC 35668 and other SA strains, isolated from caries lesions, were provided from the Microbiology Laboratory of Isfahan branch, Azad University, and cultured in tryptic soy broth (TSB; Merck, Germany). The growth profile of the strains was recorded at time intervals. The antibiotic susceptibility of the strains was evaluated by the disc diffusion method (Kirby and Bauer) on Mueller Hinton agar (Merck Co. Germany).[18] The antibiotic discs (Padtan Teb Co. Iran) used were: Pencillin-G (P; 10 μg), Cefalothin (CF; 30 μg), Cefalexin (CN; 30 μg), Vancomycin (V; 30 μg), Gentamycin (GM; 10 μg) and Streptoomycin (S; 10 μg).
Biofilm formation ability
To select SA strains, the biofilm formation ability of strains was quantified by a microtiter plate method as previously described.[19] Briefly, overnight cultures of strains in TSB supplemented with and without substrates (Sucrose 1% and a mixture of 0.5% glucose and 0.5% fructose) were prepared. Their turbidity was adjusted to 0.5 on Mc Farland turbidity. Each bacterial suspension (250 μl) was transferred into wells of a microtiter plate, incubated (35 ° C, 24 h), the wells were emptied, and washed with sterile PBS solution. The remaining attached bacteria were fixed (96% methanol: 250 μl/well; 15 min), stained (2% crystal violet: 200 μl; 5 min), the excess stain was washed off, and the plates were left to dry. The formed biofilm was quantified by resolubilizing the stain in 200 μl of 33% (v/v) glacial acetic acid (Merck, Germany) per well. The optical density (OD) of the stain was measured at 492 nm by an ELISA reader (TECAN Co. Spectra SLT). Control wells only contained broth. According to the obtained ODs, strains can be classified into the different categories:
OD < ODC = nonadherent (NA); ODC < OD < 2ODC = Weakly adherent; 2ODC < OD < 4ODC = Moderatly adherent; 4ODC < OD = SA (or strong biofilm producer).
OD and ODC are the mean OD of wells with biofilm and the control wells, respectively.
Resin collection, essential oil and methanolic extract preparation
P. atlantica resin was gathered from the Zagros Mountains of Iran. ME and EO were obtained from P. atlantica resin. The EO was extracted by hydrodistillation method (150 g; with 3 L water) and pale yellow oil (12 g) was obtained (8% v/w).[20]
Anti-bacterial activity assay
Anti-bacterial activity of EO and ME was evaluated by the microdilution method as described previously.[21] The crude EO and ME of P. atlantica were used as stock solutions with the concentration of 300 mg/ml in DMSO which was nontoxic to bacteria. The S. mutans suspension (20 μl equal to 0.5 Mc Farland suspension.), diluted extracts at different concentrations (30 μl of 60%-100%), and BHI broth (200 μl) were added to each well of 96-well microtiter plates. Wells containing CHX (0.65 mg/ml) and bacterial suspension without any inhibitory compound (non-treated) were considered as the positive and negative controls, respectively. Then, plates were incubated (37 °C, 18 h) and the optical densities of wells were read by the ELISA reader at 620 nm and compared. Each control or treatment was tested in 8 replicates.
Anti-adhesion activity assay
The anti-adhesion assay was performed according to Tahmourespour et al.(2019) with some modifications as follows:[21] Each column of a 96-well microplate was filled with 200 μl/well of each EO and ME concentration. The plate was shaken (1 h) and the wells were emptied. S. mutans suspension (20 μl) along with TSB containing 1% sucrose (200 μl) were added to them and incubated (4 h, 37°C). The unattached cells were rinsed then adhered S. mutans cells were fixed, stained and the optical density of every well was read as described above. This assay can estimate the microbial adhesion reduction percentage versus the control wells. Control wells contained PBS buffer instead of ME or EO.
Each experiment was done in triplicate. The obtained data were statistically analyzed using a software package SPSS-20 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) with one-way and two-way analysis variance. Direct comparisons between the two groups were made using the Wilcoxon W-Mann–Whitney U-test. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.
[Figure 1] shows the optical densities obtained from the growth of S. mutans strains after 24 h of incubation in the same medium and condition which did not show any significant difference using the Kruskal–Wallis test (P > 0.05). The results of in vitro antibiotic susceptibility tests of selected strains are summarized in [Table 1]. No significant differences (P > 0.05) in antibiotic-resistance rates between the tested strains were found. The resistance prevalence against the tested antibiotics was relatively low, ranging from 0% (Vancomycin) to 100% (Streptomycin).
Figure 1: The comparison between the growth rate of Streptococcus mutans strains after 24 h incubation in same condition. (OD: Optical density; STD: Standard strain of S. mutans ATCC35668; SM: Streptococcus mutans).
Table 1: The antibiotic susceptibility profile of Streptococcus mutans strains based on zone of growth inhibition diameter in millimeter
According to determining the biofilm formation ability of tested S. mutans strains in the existence of different substrates [Figure 2], it was clear that, all of the strains were classified as (SA) and (NA) in the existence of sucrose and no sugar, respectively. The adherence ability of SM1 was significantly higher (P < 0.001) than other tested strains in presence of sucrose as a carbohydrate source while there was no significant difference between SM2, SM3 and STD strains.
Figure 2: The biofilm formation ability of tested strains in the existence of different substrates. SA: Strongly adherent; MA: Moderately adherent; WA: Weakly adherent; NA: Nonadherent.
Anti-bacterial activity
According to the results of the microdilution assay [Figure 3], it was clear that the growth reduction percentages of S. mutans strains in the presence of both EO and ME were under 50%, while, CHX could cause up to 98.7% reduction in the growth of testing strains with a significant difference, according to the KW test and Chi-square (P < 0.001).
Figure 3: The antibacterial activity of Pistacia atlantica resin, essential oil and methanolic extract against Streptococcus mutans strains using microdillution method.
Two-way analysis of variance (Wilcoxon W-Mann–Whitney U-test) did not show any significant difference between the EO and ME inhibitory effects (P > 0.05) concerning the CHX effect. Without considering the effect of CHX, the anti-bacterial effect of EO was higher than ME, significantly (P < 0.05).
Anti-adherence activity
The anti-adherence activity was observed in presence of both herbal agents (EO and ME). However, EO showed the highest and the lowest anti-adherence activity of about 81% and 54% at concentrations of 100% and 60%, respectively. Meanwhile, the highest and the lowest anti-adherence activity of 22.9% and 2.07% at concentrations of 100% and 60% of ME were observed. Hence, according to the statistical analysis, the P. atlantica resin EO showed significantly higher anti-adherence activity than ME (P < 0.05) [Figure 4].
Figure 4: The anti-adherence activity of essential oil and methanolic extract of Pistacia atlantica resin.
As S. mutans is the main bacterium responsible for early colonizing the oral cavity, it is necessitated in caries progression from its initiation. Dental caries is an important oral health problem that needs more investigation. In this regard, the use of different mouthwashes with anti-microbial activity is increased, but most of their major components (e.g., CHX) can cause various side effects.[4] Hence, to overcome and reduce such side effects, different studies have been evaluated the anti-microbial and anti-biofilm effects of various herbal extracts.[6],[7],[21],[22] Since dental plaque formation as a biofilm initiates with the adherence of bacteria (S. mutans) to the pellicle and in situ growth of attached cells, finding herbal agents with the anti-adherence activity along with anti-microbial property can possess a beneficial role in preventing biofilm and caries development. Although P. atlantica species are considered the best known and one of the most appreciated medicinal plants in countries like Iran, Turkey, etc., still very few studies regarding its anti-cariogenic potential are available in literatures. Hence, in this study, the anti-bacterial and anti-adherence potential of EO and ME derived from P. atlantica resin was investigated, because the resin has been utilized for 5000 years ago for a wide range of purposes.[23]
The target strains of this research were selected with the aim of inhibition or suppression of growth and biofilm formation by the EO and ME of P. atlantica resin. At first, the properties of target strains such as their planktonic growth rate, antibiotic susceptibility profile, and biofilm formation ability were investigated. According to the results, no statistically significant difference in each of the examining properties was observed between the selected strains. Hence that, all 4 strains showed the same growth rate and antibiotic susceptibility profile. Also, all were found SA in the existence of sucrose (1%) while they were NA in no sugar condition.
According to the results, P. atlantica resin showed moderately anti-bacterial activity against S. mutans strains. Furthermore, it is observed that its EO possesses significantly higher anti-bacterial activity than the ME. The EO could reduce the growth of S. mutans cells up to 47.1%, while the S. mutans growth reduction in the existence of ME reached up to 39.1%. Mohamed et al.(2007) also showed that the EO of the Pulicaria crispa (Forsk.) Oliv., and Pulicaria undulata had better antimicrobial activity on most of the microorganisms than the ME.[24]
Such anti-microbial activity is not supported by other researches as they reported complete growth inhibitory activity or higher anti-microbial activity on S. mutans; Hosseini et al.(2013) showed that the diethyl ether extracts of P. athlatica possess stronger inhibitory activity compared to aqueous extracts, although the bacterial cells in the biofilm were not affected by the extracts.[25] Najafi et al. (2014) also observed the anti-microbial effect of P. atlantica (var. mutica) against Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia More Details coli (O157 H7) by the method of disc diffusion which can be attributed to the high content of α-pinene. They also indicated that in the case of Pseudomonas aeroginosa no clear zone was formed.[26] Roozegar et al.(2016) showed the anti-microbial effect of the leaf extract P. atlantica on S. mutans.[27] These differences are possibly due to qualitative and quantitative variations between the content of the EO which are related to several parameters such as plant species and part, cultivars sex, harvesting time, climatic conditions, geographical origin, microbial species and their resistance ability, and methods used to investigate their activity.[28],[29],[30],[31] In general, EO is one of the major constituents of various parts of Pistacia species which contains various types of phytochemical agents such as terpenoids, fatty acids, phenolic compounds, and sterols.[23] Golestannejad et al.(2020) also showed that olive leaf methanolic, ethanolic, and hydroalcoholic extracts have appropriate anti-bacterial activities due to their high phenolic content but they did not study the antibacterial activity of its EO.[32]
The inhibition of S. mutans adherence onto the polystyrene microtiter plate by different concentrations of the extract and EO was also observed in this study. In all tested concentrations of EO, a significantly stronger anti-adherence activity (50%–80%) than ME (up to 22%) was seen. It is probably due to EO constituent effects on hydrophobic interactions, which were reported to be significant in bacterial adhesion onto tooth surfaces. Thus, the surface hydrophobicity modification could be used as an anti-adherence strategy.[33] As S. mutans adherence to surfaces is mediated by glucan, the product of glucosyltransferases, the anti-adherence property of EO probably could be associated with the anti-glucosyltransferases activity of compounds such as flavonoids and tannins. Hence, the inhibition of such enzymes can be used as another anti-adherence or anti-biofilm formation strategy. The cariostatic efficacy of flavonoids and tannins (a kind of polyphenole) relates to their anti-microbial activity against S. mutans planktonic and biofilms cells; effects on acidogenic or aciduric characteristics, and down-regulating gtf gene expression.[34] Zeng et al.(2019) also demonstrated the anti-biofilm effect of flavonoids, quercetin, and kaemferol against S. mutans.[35] Yoo et al. (2018) showed the anti-microbial activity of β-caryophyllene, EO from clove, against S. mutans biofilm and planktonic cells. They concluded that such EO can decrease S. mutans count, inhibit biofilm formation also decrease Gtfs expression.[36] As the resin of P. atlantica is composed of different substances, it is better to isolate and purify them and evaluate their anti-cariogenic potential one by one, which was the limitation of the present study.
Overall, the growth of SA S. mutans strains was inhibited moderately in presence of EO and ME of P. atlantica resin. The EO exhibited a significantly higher anti-adherence (anti-biofilm) activity than ME against the S. mutans strains. Hence, this compound with anti-bacterial and anti-adherence activities without drug resistance induction potential can serve as a key component of mouthwashes and toothpaste formulations facilitating the prevention of dental caries or other biofilm-related oral diseases. Hence, each of the different herbal extracts or their mixture can be a promising part of an ideal caries management program and still needs additional researches.
The authors would like to thank Mr. Khalkhali (Microbiology lab assistant) and Ayla Hoodaji (a student) who helped for this research progression.
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Karadağlıoğlu Öİ, Ulusoy N, Başer KH, Hanoğlu A, Şık İ. Antibacterial activities of herbal toothpastes combined with essential oils against Streptococcus mutans. Pathogens 2019;8:20.
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[Table 1]
1 Chemical composition, pharmaceutical potential and toxicity of the essential oils extracted from the leaves, fruits and barks of Pistacia atlantica
Hannou Zerkani, Smail Amalich, Imane Tagnaout, Rachid Bouharoud, Touriya Zair
Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology. 2022; : 102431


I've never understood systems that connote the idea, "We've got Assessment Week in 3 weeks, so we need to be ready." Because surely you end up cramming, skimming and misplacing so much of what actually needs to be done? Try, "It's been a suitable amount of time since we learnt that thing, now would be a good time to assess it."
Additionally, the idea of 'Assessment Week' always amuses me. Be honest, and call it Test Week, because that's what it really is. You're constantly assessing daily anyway, otherwise you'd save all your marking for 'Assessment Week' too!
Managing assessment, is about taking charge of learning. Take charge of learning, and assessment will naturally fit in.
The final factor in my workshop, about putting learning ahead of assessment, was all about how to use your biggest resource; your classroom.
Certainly when I was at school, I had burning questions for my teachers. So, for this reason, I gave my students the chance to do the same. They were surprisingly brave in their demands; you can catch up on Part One HERE, and Part Two HERE.
Is there a reason why sometimes teachers dress smart?
I'm assuming this question is from the rascal that asked, "Mr N, are you going on a date tonight?" on the day I was wearing a waistcoat. No, I was just wearing a waistcoat. Dressing for teaching can be tricky, because you never know what will happen in the day! It needs to be smart, but practical, for the same reason you have a uniform, but also a PE kit. Perhaps we dress for mood? Maybe it's something we aren't aware of? I'll get back you you.
Do you like being a teacher?
I LOVE being a teacher; it's the first thing I ever wanted to do. It's extremely hard work, but I like that I have a job that I can think about, and a job that challenges me. I'm really fortunate that I've always worked with a great team of staff, and hilarious children that make the days really worthwhile. It's strange how those around you can affect your mood. I'm lucky that I feel encouraged by those around me, (both adults and little beans) to work hard - I don't know what I would do without you.
Have you been anything else other than a teacher?
Yes! My first ever job was in my secondary school, so I must have been 16 at the time. I was paid surprisingly well to put up the school displays. I guess, in secondary school, classrooms don't necessarily belong to teachers, as they move around, so there was a team of students paid to look after displays. I was also a Teaching Assistant for a year before I started teacher training (to give me more school experience), and I worked in a souvenir shop and sweet shop while studying for my degree!
If a child doesn't understand and always gets it wrong, does it get on your nerves?
Absolutely not. We have been trained to help you understand - the whole point of you making progress, is that we take something you're not sure about (or haven't encountered yet) and make it clearer for you. That's our job, and we like it. There's nothing better than seeing something click in your brain; a light-bulb moment. However, let's be clear about there being a BIG difference between not understanding, and not bothering.
Who was your favourite teacher at school?
I can't pinpoint a specific person, but I can think of qualities they all had in common. I was really lucky with all of my teachers at school, especially as I got older and I started to make subject choices. I didn't necessarily choose academic subjects like a lot of people around me. I chose more creative ones that also helped me develop as a person. I was a very nervous child, so my teachers were very positive, friendly and encouraging. They pushed me to tackle challenges I hadn't before, even if I was frightened, and I'm so grateful for each and every one of them.
Giving up a class is never easy. They occupy your brain for a large chunk of the day, until the time comes when they're replaced with a series of fresh new faces. That day was today.
However, with any feature film, comes bloopers (made entirely of awful impressions and completely fabricated stories. Rascals). This is how I'll remember you; witty, outgoing and unafraid.
To the new bunch, I loved meeting you today, and I'm really looking forward to what we can create. See you tomorrow!
I will never forget the moment I finished taking the register on my first day as an NQT.
Up until that point, 10 or so minutes into the day, everything had been pretty obvious: meet and greet the children, welcome them to the classroom, take the register. Simple.
It was after the final name had answered, it occurred to me that the next bit was entirely down to me, the teacher. Because I was a teacher now. Like, a proper one.
While this will extend outside of the first week, remember that you never get this first week back. It's important that you rehearse routines, and I mean that in the most literal sense. Get up, show them where you want them to go, and repeat. The likelihood is that they'll be performing many of these routines on a daily basis, and you don't want to keep explaining it.
Yes, you'll have been given some kind of data towards the end of last year about the class being sent your way. But it's important to find out what your starting point is for the year. I've learnt to never assume, and I've discovered the importance of creating common ground, even when it comes to the basics. I think there's great power in being able to refer to 'the lesson you taught them that thing', even if it's supposed to have been done before.
On one hand, there's a safety in over-planning the first few days, it means that there's always something to do. But sticking too rigidly to what you assumed was possible, means you end up with 4 incomplete projects, rather than 2 or 3 suitably crafted products. Be prepared to change what you had envisaged - and don't forget to take time to talk with your students.
Not only is this a great time to set standards and routines with your class, it's also a good time to do it with yourself. Decide, when possible, what you'll get done and when. Overtime, you'll learn to prioritise, and it all takes experimentation. Consider at what points in the week you need certain books, and match that with when you're going to mark them. Additionally, think about the order in which you plan your lessons; preparation takes time, and there are only so many hours in the day.
It was a few days into my NQT year, during a lunchtime, when I vividly remember eating at one of the children's desks. Alone. Likely feeling overwhelmed, or too scared of the staffroom. A couple of teachers came looking for me, and told me to stop being so ridiculous. Of course, it's different if I had been using that time productively - but I wasn't. Your colleagues are important, the only ones that really know what your day is like. Take time to talk - doesn't have to be lunchtime - and get to know one another. It's a family.