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Станіслав Васильович Шумицький ( 20 березня 1937, Саратов —  3 січня 1974, місце смерті достеменно не відомо) — український журналіст, перекладач, літературний редактор та поет.  Член  Спілки письменників СРСР та  Спілки журналістів СРСР.

Життєпис
Народився 20 березня 1937 року у  Саратові в родині радянського офіцера. З початком 1940-х родина переїхала в Україну. Мешкали спочатку в  Гутах, потім - в  Коломаку. Батька було переведено на службу на західний кордон і згодом він загинув на фронті під час  Другої Світової війни.

У 1952 році мати з малим Станіславом остаточно переїхала до своїх батьків у село  Караван на околиці міста  Люботина  на Харківщині. На виховання майбутнього поета сильно вплинув його дід - самодіяльний виконавець народних пісень Василь Якович Яременко. А природа Люботинщини, де поет прожив більшу частину життя, стала одним з провідних мотивів творчості.

У 1953 році закінчив Караванську семирічну школу. Цікаво, що будучи від народження російськомовним, спочатку він не був атестований в школі з української мови. Але не зважаючи на необов'язковість такої атестації, Станіслав вважав своїм обов'язком вивчити мову своїх дідів. Він почав наполегливо навчатися і того ж року почав писати вірші українською. Його вчителька була його першим слухачем і рецензентом. Саме їй згодом було присвячено першу видану друком збірку Шумицького.

У 1954 році здобув повну середню освіту, екстерном склавши іспити за середню школу в селі   Малинівка Чугуївського району Харківської області.

У 1961-1972 роках працював у редакціях районних, обласних і республіканських газет ("Ленінська зміна", "Вечірній Харків", "Соціалістична Харківщина", "Молодь України"). Його переклади прози і лірики з російської, киргизької та азербайджанської друкували у журналах "Прапор", "Ранок", "Вітчизна", "Дніпро". Крім того, Шумицький публікував там також свої  байки та дружні шаржі з власноручними замальовками.

У 1963 році друком виходить перша поетична збірка Шумицького під назвою "Ознаки вірності". 7 лютого 1964 року Харківська філія Спілки письменників України приймає молодого поета до своїх лав. Неформальне навчання Шумицького поетичному мистецтву здійснював  Володимир Сосюра, якому згодом було присвячено вірш "Поет".

У 1966 році у харківському видавництві "Прапор" опубліковано другу збірку поезії Шумицького - "Сорок ударів серця". Філософські мотиви збірки наближають автора до поетів-шестидесятників.

У 1968 році разом з Робертом Третьяковим і Олександром Черевченком Шумицький став співзасновником газети "Вечірній Харків".

У 1971 році виходить друком остання прижиттєва збірка поета - "Герої приходять у пісню".

3 січня 1974 року Станіслав Шумицький трагічно загинув за нез'ясованих обставин. Під час відрядження він безслідно зник, а через 21 день його тіло було знайдене у морзі з проламаним черепом і слідами побиття.

Останні роки свого життя Шумицький продовжував активно працювати на поетичній ниві. 43 нові його поезії, були зібрані під назвою "Осінь відкриває обрій", але так і не опубліковані.

У 1974 році (вже по смерті поета) опубліковано збірку пісень Бориса Михайловського, серед яких були і покладені на музику вірші Шумицького.

Вшанування пам'яті

При спеціалізованій школі N108 міста Харкова працює літературний гурток "Грудка" ім.С.Шумицього.

Вірші Шумицького неодноразово покладалися на музику композиторами Борисом Михайловським, Іллею Летюком та Олексієм Еткалом. Пісня "Сніги" (написана на слова вірша "Знайди мене в снігах") брала участь у "Пісенному вернісажі-2006", і отримала Гран-прі цього конкурсу у 2007 році. Пісня "Шевченківський сад" на слова Шумицького у слобідських літературних колах називається неофіційним гімном Харкова.

У Люботині, де поет прожив більшу частину свого життя, з'явилася вулиця, що носить ім'я Станіслава Шумицького.

Джерела
 Шумицький Станіслав Васильович - поет, журналіст – офіційний сайт м.Люботин - http://lubotin-rada.gov.ua/info/page/2642
 В. Кривенчук. Станіслав Шумицький і його середовище — ХарківLit (літературно-художній та громадсько-політичний журнал Національної Спілки письменників України та Харківської організації НСПУ - № 7 жовтень-грудень 2016 р. - с.193-200
 Л. Кучерява. Пам'яті поета-земляка Станіслава Шумицького (1937-1974) — ХарківLit (літературно-художній та громадсько-політичний журнал Національної Спілки письменників України та Харківської організації НСПУ - № 7 жовтень-грудень 2016 р. - с. 201-204

Українські поети
Персоналії:Люботин
Уродженці Саратова

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Nader Shahatit and Diane Harkey were leading the charge, in early returns, to make it to a runoff in November to fill the the District 4 seat on the oft-overlooked state Board of Equalization.
The top two vote-getters will face off then.
The eventual winner will fill the seat of termed-out Michelle Steel, who was trying to continue her political career Tuesday night by getting a seat on the Orange County Board of Supervisors.
Despite not often making headlines, the Board of Equalization is a powerful entity made up of four members representing different regions of California, plus the state controller. District 4 takes in Orange, San Diego, Imperial and Riverside counties and part of San Bernardino County.
The panel supervises the collection and administration of a dozen-plus fees and taxes such as sales, gas and tobacco taxes. It also hears tax-dispute appeals. It's the only elected tax commission in the United States.
In fiscal year 2012-13, the board administered taxes and fees that generated $56 billion to provide services in the state, according to the agency's website.
Harkey's campaign was recently sued by an investor seeking $100,000 against her husband's bankrupt investment company. Her campaign consultant, however, said the suit was a ploy to hurt her bid for office.
"I've been nervous all day because there was a lot of negativity out there," Harkey said Tuesday night, adding that she was ecstatic with the result.
To win in November, she said, her campaign will focus on doing more of what she did in the primary: letting people know that she takes action and speaks honestly.
Shirley Horton, a 61-year-old development director, is seeking to consolidate California's three tax agencies – the Franchise Tax Board, the Economic Development and the Board of Equalization – into one, a move she said would save money.
Shahatit, the race's sole Democrat, is a 54-year-old government auditor who would like to see taxpayers who still owe get a break on interest and penalties, something he believes will close the gap between those taxes owed and those actually paid.
Van Tran, 49, won election to the state Assembly in 2004 and held that seat until 2010, representing such cities as Anaheim, Garden Grove, Newport Beach and Westminster.


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text:
BioMed Research International
BioMed Research International / 2016 / Article
AbstractIntroductionMethodsResultsDiscussionConclusionsEthical ApprovalConsentReferencesCopyright
Research Article | Open Access
Volume 2016 |Article ID 4570351 | https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/4570351
Natalia Niedziela, Monika Adamczyk-Sowa, Jacek T. Niedziela, Bogdan Mazur, Ewa Kluczewska, Paweł Sowa, Mariusz Gąsior, "Assessment of Serum Nitrogen Species and Inflammatory Parameters in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis Patients Treated with Different Therapeutic Approaches", BioMed Research International, vol. 2016, Article ID 4570351, 11 pages, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/4570351
Assessment of Serum Nitrogen Species and Inflammatory Parameters in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis Patients Treated with Different Therapeutic Approaches
Natalia Niedziela ,1 Monika Adamczyk-Sowa,1 Jacek T. Niedziela,2 Bogdan Mazur,3 Ewa Kluczewska,4 Paweł Sowa,5 and Mariusz Gąsior2
1Department of Neurology in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, ul. 3-go Maja 13–15, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
23rd Department of Cardiology, SMDZ in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Silesian Centre for Heart Disease, ul. Curie-Skłodowskiej 9, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
3Department of Microbiology and Immunology in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, ul. Jordana 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland
4Department of Radiology in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, ul. 3-go Maja 13–15, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
5Department of Laryngology in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, ul. Curie-Skłodowskiej 10, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
Academic Editor: Markus Kipp
Received12 Jul 2016
Revised20 Oct 2016
Accepted08 Nov 2016
Published19 Dec 2016
The role of nitric oxide and its reactive derivatives () is well known in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis, which is an inflammatory disease while seems to be important in coordinating inflammatory response. The purpose of the present study was to assess serum as one of the nitrogen species and inflammatory parameters in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients and to compare the effectiveness of various types of disease-modifying therapies that reduce nitric oxide and inflammatory biomarkers. Elevated level was observed in patients who received the first-line disease-modifying therapy (interferons beta-1a and beta-1b) in comparison with the subjects treated with the second-line disease-modifying therapy (natalizumab; fingolimod) and healthy controls without significant differences in C-reactive protein and interleukin-1 beta. A negative correlation was observed between serum level and the duration of multiple sclerosis confirmed in the whole study population and in subjects treated with the first-line agents. Only serum , concentration could reveal a potential efficacy of disease-modifying therapy with a better reduction in level due to the second-line agents of disease-modifying therapy.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating and inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) affecting approximately 2.5 million people worldwide [1, 2]. It is characterized by immune-mediated cellular damage in the white and grey matters [3]. The etiology of MS remains unclear although both genetic and environmental factors are involved in disease onset and development [4, 5]. The hallmark feature of MS lesion is the destruction of the myelin sheath, followed by formation of demyelinating plaques and loss of axons considered to be a marker of disease progression [6, 7].
The disease is related to a T cell-dependent process which is associated with macrophage-mediated demyelination due to myelin-specific autoantigens. Additionally, many critical players are involved in the pathogenesis of MS, including different immune cells, such as T helper lymphocytes (Th1 and Th17), B cells, or several autoantibodies directed against CNS components [8]. Meanwhile, infiltration of lymphocytes and monocytes from the peripheral blood into the brain is observed in acute active MS lesions [9]. According to some studies, immune-mediated myelin loss and mitochondrial dysfunction seem to play a crucial role in MS [10, 11]. Different factors including oxidative stress cause mitochondrial destruction [12–14]. As a result, mitochondria are the main source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) [15, 16]. In the case of mitochondrial dysfunction, overproduction of toxic reactive species is observed. It plays a pivotal function in myelin and oligodendrocyte loss. They are many various types of RNS involved in the pathophysiology of MS, most of which are unstable due to their short lifetime. Additionally, most RNS are difficult to detect due to coexistence of many antioxidants in vivo. The role of nitric oxide (NO) and its reactive derivative (peroxynitrite) is well documented in the pathogenesis of MS [17, 18]. Nitric oxide is unstable and is rapidly converted to nitrates and nitrites which reflect NO concentrations [19]. In MS the engagement of NO is related to the presence of peroxynitrite activities, NO metabolites, and inducible NO synthase (iNOS) [20]. Moreover, recent studies report dramatically increased oxidative stress in MS patients [5, 21–23], including the occurrence of oxidative protein modifications [24, 25]. Furthermore, reduction in antioxidant defense mechanism is involved in the pathogenesis of MS [26, 27].
It is well known that MS is an inflammatory disease while seems to be important in coordinating inflammatory response. In the course of MS, activated T cells and macrophages secrete proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukins (IL-1 and IL-12), interferon gamma (IFN-γ), or tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) [28]. These cytokines can enhance NO formation in the CNS by iNOS [29]. Recent studies have suggested that ROS and RNS lead to oxidative and nitrosative stress responsible for neurodegeneration. However, the association between neuroinflammation, nitrosative, and oxidative stress in MS is still poorly understood. It is still not fully understood which process initiates MS, the disease course or nitrosative and oxidative stress which occurs as a consequence of an inflammatory cascade [30]. Over the past few years many new therapeutic options have been involved in the treatment of MS. The current range of disease-modifying therapy (DMT) includes intervention in antigen presentation and peripheral immune response and in the blood-brain barrier [31]. The first-line agents of DMT [interferons beta (INF-β1a; β-1b) and glatiramer acetate (GA)] decrease proinflammatory cytokines and prevent the migration of activated T cells across the blood-brain barrier [32]. Natalizumab (NT), the second-line agent of DMT, prevents such migration [33] while fingolimod (FG) prevents the emergence of lymphocytes from the lymphoid tissue decreasing lymphocyte infiltration into the CNS [34]. Additionally, FG acts directly on oligodendrocytes, microglia, astrocytes, and neurons [35]. It should be borne in mind that shift from inflammation to neurodegeneration is a significant feature of MS. Both immediate intervention to control inflammation and a delay in the progression of disability are required [36].
The aim of the study was to assess serum nitric oxide as one of the nitrogen species and inflammatory parameters in relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) and to compare the effectiveness of various types of therapy (first- and second-line agents of DMT) to reduce nitric oxide and inflammatory biomarkers. What is more, we also presented a correlative analysis between serum nitric oxide level and clinical and radiological activity in MS patients. Finally, our aim was also to determine the correlation between nitric oxide concentration and inflammatory parameters in MS patients and healthy controls in the context of the impaired autoimmune system in RRMS subjects.
2.1. MS Patients and Healthy Controls
Sixty-three MS patients and 10 healthy subjects were enrolled in a case-control prospective study. All of the study participants were recruited from the Department of Neurology in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Poland. For the present study we chose a group of patients followed up between January and March 2015. All patients had been diagnosed with RRMS, according to the McDonald criteria (2010), and were divided into six study groups: RRMS INF-β1a group: 22 patients who received interferon β1a (Avonex) applied once per week at the dose of 30 µg as an intramuscular injection. RRMS INF-β1b group: 17 patients treated with subcutaneous injections of interferon β1b (Extavia or Betaferon) every other day at the dose of 250 µg. RRMS-GA group: 5 patients treated with glatiramer acetate (Copaxone) 20 mg subcutaneously daily. RRMS-NT group: 7 patients who were given NT (Tysabri) intravenously at the dose of 300 mg once per month. RRMS-FG group: 12 patients were treated with 0.5 mg FG (Gilenya) p.o. daily. CG (control group): 10 healthy controls age- and sex-matched with the patient group. Healthy controls were diagnosed with insignificant paresthesia in the Department of Neurology and were the residents of the Upper Silesia region and presented lifestyle similar to the study population with MS. None of the patients was treated due to any chronic disease nor did the subjects take any medication permanently.
To reach the goals of our study we divided the subjects into the following two groups: LI group: 44 patients who received the first-line DMT (INF-β1a, INF-β1b, or GA); LII group: 19 patients treated with the second-line DMT (NT or FG).
2.2. Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria
The inclusion criteria were as follows: age 18–55 years, RRMS according to the McDonald criteria (2010), DMT at least 6 months, and signed written informed consent. The exclusion criteria were as follows: different clinical forms of MS other than RRMS, that is, primary progressive, secondary progressive, relapsing-progressive or clinically isolated syndrome, immunosuppressant treatment, active or symptomatic infection or diagnosis of any disease and/or intake of medication which affect inflammatory process, intake of dietary supplements, vitamins, or antioxidative substances 6 months prior to the study and lack of signed informed consent.
2.3. Study Protocol
The diagnosis of MS was based on neurological examination, disease history, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings using the McDonald criteria (2010). The severity of the clinical course in MS patients ranged from 1.0 to 4.5 and was estimated by the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS).
2.4. MRI Examination
MRI was performed using the 1.5T scanner imaging (General Electric HDx USA) and the standard head protocol for MS patients [multiple planes, slice thickness of 5 mm, contrast media: Gd (Gadovist), and additional postcontrast 3DT2 sequences (1 mm slice thickness) head MRI]. MRI examination was carried out in all MS patients in compliance with the standard clinical protocol.
2.5. Laboratory Assays
Biochemical assays were measured from fasting serum samples taken in the morning. Blood samples were collected between 7.00 and 8.00 and examined microscopically. To eliminate insoluble substances, the samples were centrifuged 30 minutes after collection, frozen, and stored until laboratory measurements.
2.5.1. Serum IL-1β/IL-1F2 Concentration
Serum IL-1β/IL-1F2 concentration was determined according to the Quantikine Human IL-1β immunoassay designed to measure IL-1β in cell culture supernates, serum, and plasma. Solid Phase Sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with an assay range of 3.9–250 pg/mL was used in the present study.
2.5.2. NO Assay
The measurement of NO was performed to estimate NO metabolites known as nitrite and nitrate (), whose concentration was used as a marker of NO production and iNOS activity. level was expressed as µM. After chemical reduction of nitrate to nitrite using the Griess reaction, we employed the method of Navaro-Gonzalvez et al.
2.5.3. Serum C-Reactive Protein Level
C-reactive protein (CRP), an acute phase protein, was measured with the use of the dry chemistry immunological method and a VITROS 250 analyzer (Ortho Clinical Diagnostics, Johnson and Johnson, USA). Based on the hospital laboratory reference range, CRP concentration above 5 mg/L was considered abnormal.
The continuous variables were presented as the means and standard deviations. The categorical variables were shown as percentages. The groups were compared using the nonparametric Mann–Whitney or the Kruskall-Wallis test for continuous variables and the chi-square test for categorical data. Yates' correction was applied when appropriate. The relationships between variables were tested using the Spearman rank correlation analysis. Statistical significance was defined as . All statistical analyses were performed using Statistica 12 (Statsoft, Tulsa, Oklahoma, USA).
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the studied subjects were summarized in Table 1. All patients and the CG were age- and sex-matched (). No statistically significant differences were observed between 5 RRMS groups, depending on the type of DMT (INF-β1a, INF-β1b, GA, NT, and FG) with respect to age, age at the beginning of DMT, sex, MS duration, time of DMT, EDSS, T2 and Gd+ (Gadolinium-enhancing) lesions in MRI at the time of diagnosis, new T2 lesions, and new T1 lesions observed within the previous year prior to the enrollment in the study ().
Parameters IFN-β IFN-β1b
Age [years] — 0.27
Age at the beginning of [years] 0.38
Age [% of females] 60.0 0.62
Time of MS [months] — 0.14
Time of DMT [months] — 0.15
[score] — 0.83
[] — 0.58
T2 lesions (from the time of diagnosis) [] — 0.76
New MRI lesions (within the last year) [] — 0.52
MRI lesions (from the time of diagnosis) [] — 0.20
New Gd+ MRI lesions (within the last year) [] — 0.35
a: disease-modifying therapy; b: Expanded Disability Status Scale; c: annual relapse rate; d: magnetic resonance imaging; e: Gadovist; f: interferon beta; g: glatiramer acetate; h: natalizumab; i: fingolimod; j: control group.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the study group, depending on different types of disease-modifying therapy.
The results of the demographic and clinical characteristics of LI and LII groups were presented in Table 2. We demonstrated a longer duration of MS in LII as compared to the LI group (). Patients belonging to the LI group had a longer treatment duration of MS as compared to the LII group (). No differences in the other above-mentioned parameters were noted. Serum IL-1β/IL-1F2 concentration was similar in healthy controls, RRMS IFN-β1a, RRMS IFN-β1b, RRMS-GA, RRMS-NT, and RRMS-FG groups (, , , , , and pg/mL, , resp.) as well as in the DMT groups without CG evaluation (Table 3). No differences were found in the serum level of IL-1β/IL-1F2 between LI and LII groups and healthy controls (, , and pg/mL, , resp.) as well as between LI and LII without CG assessment (Table 4). However, in LI serum concentration of was significantly higher compared LII (Table 4). The same results were noted in the analysis between LI, LII, and CG (, , and µM, , resp.). There were also differences in the level of in healthy controls, RRMS IFN-β1a, RRMS IFN-β1b, RRMS-GA, RRMS-NT, and RRMS-FG groups (, , , , , and µM, , resp.) as well as in the DMT groups without CG evaluation (Table 3). Serum CRP level was similar in the CG, INF-β1a, INF-β1b, GA, NT, and FG groups (, , , , , and mg/L, , resp.) and in the DMT groups without CG evaluation (Table 3). No differences in CRP concentration between LI, LII, and the CG were observed (, , and , , resp.). However, excluding the CG, a comparison between LI and LII revealed a trend to a higher CRP level in LI (Table 4). Considering the EDSS, we estimated serum concentration of , IL-1β/IL-1F2, and CRP in two groups, depending on the EDSS results (0–3 and >3). No significant differences were found in this analysis (Table 5). Furthermore, we did not observe the correlation between and the EDSS, annual relapse rate, and the number of MRI lesions measured in the whole MS population, in LI and LII groups (Table 6). However, a significant correlation between serum level and MS duration was observed, which was confirmed in the whole study population (, ) (Figure 1) and in the LI group (, ) (Figure 2(a)), unlike in the LII group (, ) (Figure 2(b)). We also found a higher serum level of when the duration of RRMS was shorter than the median time (<59.5 months) as compared to the disease duration of >59.5 months ( and , , resp.). Measurements of IL-1β/IL-1F2 did not show differences in the groups formed, depending on MS duration ( versus , for <59.5 months and >59.5 months, resp.). Furthermore, there were no differences in CRP concentration estimated in the groups formed, depending on MS duration ( versus , for <59.5 months and >59.5 months, resp.). Interestingly, we showed a correlation between serum CRP and IL-1β/IL-1F2 concentration in healthy controls (, ), whereas no correlations were found in the whole MS population (, ) (Figure 3) in LI (Figure 4(a)) and in LII (Figure 4(b)).
Parameters LI LII
44 19 10 —
[] IF1a// — —
22/17/5 7/12
Age at the beginning of DMT [years] 0.23
Time of MS [months] — 0.048
Time of DMT [months] — 0.005
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the study group, depending on the line of disease-modifying therapy.
[µM] 0.018
IL-1β/IL- [pg/mL] 0.78
[mg/L] 0.79
A: nitric oxide (nitrite and nitrate); b: interleukin; c: C-reactive protein; d: interferon beta; e: glatiramer acetate; f: natalizumab; g: fingolimod.
Laboratory assays in the study group, depending on the type of disease-modifying therapy without the assessment of healthy controls.
LI LII
A: nitric oxide (nitrite and nitrate); b: interleukin; c: C-reactive protein.
Laboratory assays in the study group, depending on the line of disease-modifying therapy.
0–3 [score] EDSS > 3 [score]
[µM] 0.10
A: Expanded Disability Status Scale; b: nitric oxide (nitrite and nitrate); c: interleukin; d: C-reactive protein.
Laboratory assays in lower and higher Expanded Disability Status Scale groups.
[µM] patients LI LII
[points]
T2 lesions (from the time of diagnosis) []
New MRI lesions (within the last year) []
MRI lesions (from the time of diagnosis) []
New Gd+ MRI lesions (within the last year) []
in all analysis.
A: nitric oxide (nitrite and nitrate); b: Expanded Disability Status Scale. C: annual relapse rate; d: magnetic resonance imaging; e: Gadovist; f: multiple sclerosis.
Correlation between nitric oxide (nitrate and nitrite) serum levels and clinical and radiological parameters measured in all multiple sclerosis patients and in groups under first and second line of disease-modifying therapies.
Correlation between nitric oxide (nitrite and nitrate) plasma concentration and the time of multiple sclerosis in the whole study population.
Correlation between nitric oxide (nitrite and nitrate) plasma concentration and the time of multiple sclerosis in the patients who received the first- (a) and second-line disease-modifying therapy (b).
Correlation between serum C-reactive protein and IL-1β/IL-1F2 concentration in healthy controls (a) and in the whole study multiple sclerosis population (b).
Correlation between serum C-reactive protein and IL-1β/IL-1F2 concentration in the patients who received the first- (a) and second-line disease-modifying therapy (b).
The results of our study demonstrate that MS patients treated with IFN-β1a- IFN-β1b had significantly higher serum levels as compared to the healthy controls. Similarly, previous reports discussed the measurement of levels [19, 37]. Furthermore, other studies failed to observe a higher concentration in the serum of MS patients as compared to healthy controls [18, 21, 38]. Different outcomes were probably related to the various neurological and clinical status of MS patients, another form of the disease, different lifestyle, diet, or pharmacological interactions.
However, is considered a major factor in the pathophysiology of MS [21]. It is produced as a result of a catalytic conversion of L-arginine to citrulline by endothelial and neuronal iNOS. Concomitantly, arginase involved in L-arginine conversion leads to the production of ornithine, favoring cellular regeneration [39]. Additionally, creates a family of toxic molecules known as RNS. Finally, it leads to nitrosylation resulting in cellular death [3]. High levels of are implicated in active MS lesions produced by astrocytes and microglia, as an after-effect of the expression of iNOS. It is believed that causes tissue damage and blocks axonal conduction and results in degeneration [17]. On the other hand, under normal conditions NO is known to be a signaling molecule regulating cellular functions, neurotransmission, vasodilatation, and immune response, mediated by cyclic guanosine monophosphate. In contrast, toxic properties of are related to the above-mentioned RNS. Therefore, it is suggested that NO plays a conflicting role in the pathophysiology of neuroimmunological diseases such as MS with pro-and anti-inflammatory activities, depending on local concentrations. Under physiological conditions high concentration of NO is considered to be a neuroprotective factor [39]. However, MS is a chronic inflammatory disorder with impaired immune regulation, resulting in a high activity of serum in MS patients. It has recently been reported that persistent inflammatory response results in greater iNOS expression and NO production, while arginase activity predominates under physiological conditions with increased Th2 cytokine expression [40]. It seems that the data from our study are consistent with these findings.
Despite the involvement of various inflammatory mediators in immunity, only a few cytokines seem to be essential for the development of CNS autoimmunity. Recently IL-1 has been recognized as a pivotal factor in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and MS, initiating and expanding the disease [41]. There is a growing evidence for the impact of IL-1 on neuroinflammation [42]. Additionally, IL-1 induced Bhlhe40 expression in polarized Th17 cells in a model of autoimmune neuroinflammation [43]. Based on the above findings, IL-1β/IL-1F2 is a proinflammatory cytokine which we initially considered a potential factor activating inflammatory process in MS patients.
In the CNS of MS patients continued inflammatory process with impaired immune regulation is observed. This phenomenon results in high activity of serum . Concomitantly, it has recently been reported that persistent inflammatory response results in greater iNOS expression [40]. Reports confirm the damage to the inflamed nerve tissue which is due to . Impaired blood-brain barrier is the result of vasodilatation, which promotes the passage of inflammatory cells to the CNS [44, 45]. Consequently, increased permeability of the blood-brain barrier at the sites of inflammatory lesions is observed [46]. On the other hand, it is well documented that DMTs (INF-β1a, INF-β1b, and GA) slow the progressive nerve damage thus changing the course of the disease. This mechanism is still poorly understood. However, DMTs are suspected to downregulate inflammatory cytokines and reduce blood-brain barrier permeability and T-cell migration into the CNS. The second-line agents (e.g., NT monoclonal antibody) decrease inflammatory response by blocking receptors on white blood cells which allow them to enter the brain and the spinal cord [3]. Fingolimod is able to interfere with the inflammatory phase of MS through the prevention of lymphocyte infiltration into the CNS [34]. Additionally, FG affects positively damaged myelin regions binding to S1P receptor on oligodendrocytes [47].
In our study we assumed that higher level is linked to the presence of greater inflammation and nitrosative stress in the serum of MS patients. Therefore, anti-inflammatory effect of DMT resulted in decreased serum concentration. Considering higher serum activity obtained from patients treated with the first-line DMT (IFN-β1a; IFN-β1b) as compared to the second-line, we could hypothesize that the second-line agents produce a better anti-inflammatory and antinitrosative effect. Additionally, these agents decrease the extent of nerve damage due to in the inflammatory process. Moreover, based on the analysis of patients under second-line DMT who previously were given the first-line agents, we observed a cumulative anti-inflammatory effect of the first- and second-line DMT in the LII group (serum was higher compared to the LI group despite the fact that the time of DMT was shorter in LII). On the other hand, there is evidence that MS patients treated with INF-β1b had significantly lower concentrations of NO metabolites in the serum as compared to the untreated MS patients [48]. Additionally, a three-year INF-β1a or INF-β1b monotherapy is reported to have reduced serum levels by 77% and 71%, respectively [49].
Interestingly, we also confirmed that a longer MS duration was correlated with a lower serum level. At the same time serum concentration was lower when disease duration was above 59.5 months. It suggests that patients of longer disease duration used more DMT starting from the time of diagnosis in comparison with the subjects of shorter disease duration. On the other hand, decreased serum activity in patients with disease duration above 59.5 months seems to be justified due to DMT, which limited inflammatory response. However, Ljubisavljevic et al. showed higher serum NO levels of clinical isolated syndrome as compared to the RRMS group, indicating a possible modulation of inflammation during the course of the disease [39]. Nonetheless, RRMS patients had not received interferon within 6 months prior to the study enrollment.
The data from our study showed no correlation between serum level and the EDSS in MS patients. However, Rejdak et al. reported a correlation between NO metabolites and the EDSS [50]. Similar data showed a positive correlation between and the EDSS in RRMS patients [51]. Contrary to our study, Rejdak et al. assayed the concentration of in the cerebrospinal fluid. We did not confirm the correlation between serum level and new MRI lesions or lesions detected at the time of diagnosis. However, other authors observed that the concentration of in the cerebrospinal fluid correlated with the volume of Gd+ lesions on MRI [52]. It probably corresponds better with axonal degeneration, the EDSS, and MRI lesions as compared to serum activity.
Multiple sclerosis is defined as a chronic inflammation of the CNS, while active inflammation and the breakdown of the blood-brain barrier may be detected in MRI brain lesions in MS patients [53–55]. Inflammation in MS is a dynamic process presented at all stages of the disease [56] and the course of MS depends on the location within the brain (perivascular, meningeal, and parenchymal) and on the clinical aspects such as age or disease duration [57]. Consequently, the evaluation of inflammation remains difficult. Furthermore, inflammatory biomarkers assayed in our study (IL-1β/IL-1F2 and CRP) did not differ in all the groups divided, depending on the types of DMT and in the CG. Previously, Soilu-Hänninen et al. also reported that CRP values in MS patients and in healthy controls were similar [58], whereas the results of another study showed significantly increased levels of CRP in RRMS subjects without DMT and in treated RRMS patients [24]. In our study we indicated a trend () toward a higher CRP concentration in the group treated with the first-line DMT as compared to the patients using second-line agents. As in the case of level, we should hypothesize better reduction in inflammation using the second-line DMT. Finally, we proved a positive correlation between CRP and IL-1β/IL-1F2 serum concentration as the inflammatory indicators in healthy controls. This correlation was not confirmed in the whole MS population. It seems that this phenomenon was due to the immune dysregulation and subsequent impaired inflammatory response in MS patients. As a result, dendritic cells have an activated phenotype in subjects with MS and migrate across the blood-brain barrier inducing differentiation of T cells into proinflammatory Th1 and Th17 lymphocytes. Moreover, activated macrophages and microglia produce other proinflammatory cytokines and nitric and oxide radicals which being responsible for the failure of the CNS in MS patients [32].
Using antioxidant therapy may be beneficial in addition to DMTs. There are already reports on the antioxidant protection of biological targets against ROS. Hence, it has been suggested that antioxidants may be attractive potential therapeutic agents to prevent neuronal damage caused by ROS [59]. However, there is some evidence indicating complex interactions between exogenous and endogenous antioxidant mechanisms. Under physiological conditions, this balance protects from nitrosative and oxidative stress. On the other hand, it is well known that nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 (Nrf2) participates in the antioxidant defense. This molecule is strongly involved in regulation of many different genes linked to the inflammatory processes, stem cell regulation, or regeneration [60]. Activation of Nrf2 was reported to inhibit production and secretion of inflammatory cytokines [61]. What is more, Nrf2 activity depends on the presence of radicals. In experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) low levels of antioxidants (γ-glutamylcysteine ligase and glutathione synthetase) were observed, which correlated with a diminished expression of Nrf2 [62]. The exogenous antioxidant treatment could potentially reduce nitrosative and oxidative stress. There are some reports on the increased induction of Nrf2-antioxidant mediated genes after vitamin E supplementation [63]. However, it was also observed that anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of tocopherols are independent of Nrf2 in mice [64]. Such different results found in the literature may question beneficial effects and clinical efficacy of exogenous antioxidants [65]. Adding antioxidant therapy to the DMTs (with their anti-inflammatory properties) should be well thought out and balanced. Certainly, it requires further investigation in clinical trials.
5. Limitation of the Study
Although the present study has yielded some preliminary findings, its design is not without flaws. We had to interpret the results very carefully due to the small sample size. We included a relatively small group of MS patients divided into much smaller subgroups depending on DMTs. Despite demonstrating the correlation between levels and MS duration for the whole MS study population and LI, such a correlation for LII could not be confirmed. We suppose that this result was due to the LII group which included significantly fewer patients compared to the LI group (19 subjects versus 44, resp.). Hence, to finally confirm serum level as a biomarker of MS duration further investigation is required. However, the small sample size was related to the restrictive inclusion criteria used to carefully select MS patients. Therefore, we are planning to include more participants (patients as well as healthy controls) in the future. Relapsing-remitting MS patients will be divided (as previously) into 5 groups, each including 50, 50, 45, 40, and 40 patients who will receive INF-β1a, INF-β1b, glatiramer acetate, natalizumab, and fingolimod, respectively. Although we described altered serum level expression in MS patients it would be beneficial to evaluate some other nitrosative stress biomarkers. Certainly, we would like to measure other biomarkers of RNS production, such as 4,5-diaminofluorescein (DAF-2), 2,3-diaminonaphthalene (DAN), 2,3-naphthotriazole (NAT), nitrosothiols, or nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in the serum of MS patients. Consequently, more biomarkers may reflect the RNS production more effectively. To include more subjects in the study group as well as to extend the laboratory assessment we are in the process of recruiting patients from the Department of Neurology in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Poland. Moreover, the assessment of both nitrogen species and inflammatory parameters in the cerebrospinal fluid may be beneficial for further studies.
We observed higher activity in MS subjects treated with IFN-β1a; IFN-β1b as compared to the healthy controls. The results of our study suggest that serum level may be a biomarker of MS duration. However, our study did not demonstrate disease activity measured by the EDSS, annual relapse rate, and MRI lesions. Considering the hypothesis that serum , CRP, and IL-1β/IL-1F2 concentrations could reveal potential efficacy of DMT, we reported only significant differences in levels depending on various types of DMT. Based on it, we can suggest better reduction of inflammation using the second-line agents of DMT. This issue of MS treatment is intriguing and should be further investigated. Adding antioxidant therapy to the DMTs (with their antioxidative properties) should be well thought out and balanced. Certainly, it requires further investigation in clinical trials.
The study protocol was approved by the local Ethics Committee of the Medical University of Silesia (KNW/0022/KBI/130/12). All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.
The experiment was conducted with the human subjects' understanding. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants in the study.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
package com.intellij.compiler.chainsSearch;

import com.intellij.compiler.backwardRefs.MethodIncompleteSignature;
import com.intellij.compiler.chainsSearch.context.ChainCompletionContext;
import com.intellij.openapi.util.Pair;

import java.util.*;

public class SearchInitializer {
  private final static int CHAIN_SEARCH_MAGIC_RATIO = 10;

  private final LinkedHashMap<MethodIncompleteSignature, Pair<MethodsChain, Integer>> myChains;
  private final ChainCompletionContext myContext;

  public SearchInitializer(SortedSet<OccurrencesAware<MethodIncompleteSignature>> indexValues,
                           ChainCompletionContext context) {
    myContext = context;
    int size = indexValues.size();
    myChains = new LinkedHashMap<>(size);
    add(indexValues);
  }

  private void add(Collection<OccurrencesAware<MethodIncompleteSignature>> indexValues) {
    int bestOccurrences = -1;
    for (OccurrencesAware<MethodIncompleteSignature> indexValue : indexValues) {
      if (add(indexValue)) {
        int occurrences = indexValue.getOccurrences();
        if (bestOccurrences == -1) {
          bestOccurrences = occurrences;
        }
        else if (bestOccurrences > occurrences * CHAIN_SEARCH_MAGIC_RATIO) {
          return;
        }
      }
    }
  }

  private boolean add(OccurrencesAware<MethodIncompleteSignature> indexValue) {
    MethodIncompleteSignature methodInvocation = indexValue.getUnderlying();
    int occurrences = indexValue.getOccurrences();
    MethodsChain methodsChain = MethodsChain.create(indexValue.getUnderlying(), occurrences, myContext);
    if (methodsChain != null) {
      myChains.put(methodInvocation, Pair.create(methodsChain, occurrences));
      return true;
    }
    return false;
  }

  public InitResult init(Set<String> excludedEdgeNames) {
    int size = myChains.size();
    List<OccurrencesAware<MethodIncompleteSignature>> initedVertexes = new ArrayList<>(size);
    LinkedHashMap<MethodIncompleteSignature, MethodsChain> initedChains =
      new LinkedHashMap<>(size);
    for (Map.Entry<MethodIncompleteSignature, Pair<MethodsChain, Integer>> entry : myChains.entrySet()) {
      MethodIncompleteSignature signature = entry.getKey();
      if (!excludedEdgeNames.contains(signature.getName())) {
        initedVertexes.add(new OccurrencesAware<>(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue().getSecond()));
        MethodsChain methodsChain = entry.getValue().getFirst();
        initedChains.put(signature, methodsChain);
      }
    }
    return new InitResult(initedVertexes, initedChains);
  }

  public static class InitResult {
    private final List<OccurrencesAware<MethodIncompleteSignature>> myVertexes;
    private final LinkedHashMap<MethodIncompleteSignature, MethodsChain> myChains;

    private InitResult(List<OccurrencesAware<MethodIncompleteSignature>> vertexes,
                       LinkedHashMap<MethodIncompleteSignature, MethodsChain> chains) {
      myVertexes = vertexes;
      myChains = chains;
    }

    public List<OccurrencesAware<MethodIncompleteSignature>> getVertices() {
      return myVertexes;
    }

    public LinkedHashMap<MethodIncompleteSignature, MethodsChain> getChains() {
      return myChains;
    }
  }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


I've finally started putting some paint on the Dark Angels.
The Tactical Squad are virtually done, I just need to base them.
They are looking quite dark as I have only painted them in Caliban Green and then given them a wash of Nuln Oil. I'm not going to brighten them up by painting more Caliban Green, nor am I going to add any edge highlights to them as I think they look good as they are.
I've now began adding the base colours to the Deathwing Terminators.
Posted on November 6, 2018 by TableStandardPosted in 40K, What's on the painting table?Tagged Dark Angels, Dark Vengeance, Games Workshop, Painting, Resolutions, Wh40k.


text:
Q: C++ clamp function for a std::vector void Clamp(std::vector<double>& input_image, double min_value, double max_value, int width, int height)
{
    for (int j = 0; j < width; j++)
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < height; i++)
        {
            input_image[i*width + j] = std::min(std::max(input_image[i*width + j], min_value), max_value);
        }
    }
}

I am trying to create this functionality of clamping.
Is there a better way to do it using a std::vector?
I can also use C++11

A: C++17 has std::clamp. Also there's no need for the height and width parameters in this case.
void clamp_vec(std::vector<double>& input_image, double min_value, double max_value) {
    std::transform(std::begin(input_image), std::end(input_image), std::begin(input_image),
                   [=] (auto i) { return std::clamp(i, min_value, max_value); });
}

Template version for generic types will work as long as operator < is defined:
template <typename T>
void clamp_vec(std::vector<T>& input_image, const T& min_value, const T& max_value) {
    std::transform(std::begin(input_image), std::end(input_image), std::begin(input_image),
                   [&] (const T& v) { return std::clamp(v, min_value, max_value); });
}

If std::clamp is not available, you can implement your own until C++17 comes around, e.g.:
template <typename T>
constexpr const T& clamp(const T& v, const T& lo, const T& hi) {
    return clamp(v, lo, hi, std::less<>());
}

template <typename T, typename Compare>
constexpr const T& clamp(const T& v, const T& lo, const T& hi, Compare comp) {
    return comp(v, lo) ? lo : comp(hi, v) ? hi : v;
}

A: You could use std::transform, assuming that you apply your function to every element then there is no need for the height and width parameters. Splitting the min and max operations seems more SIMD friendly, thus I suggest:
void Clamp(std::vector<double>& input_image, double min_value, double max_value)
{
    std::transform(std::begin(input_image), std::end(input_image), std::begin(input_image), [max_value] (double d) { return std::min(d, max_value); }
    std::transform(std::begin(input_image), std::end(input_image), std::begin(input_image), [min_value] (double d) { return std::max(d, max_value); }
}

Otherwise a C++11 way could be to use a range-based for loop:
void Clamp(std::vector<double>& input_image, double min_value, double max_value) // removed hight and width
{
    for (double& d : input_image)
    {
        d = std::min(std::max(d, min_value), max_value);
    }
}

Or the more SIMD "friendly":
void Clamp(std::vector<double>& input_image, double min_value, double max_value) // removed height and width
{
    for (double& d : input_image)
    {
        d = std::max(d, min_value);
    }
    for (double& d : input_image)
    {
        d = std::min(d, max_value);
    }
}

A: I think I'd just do it in one pass and let the optimiser do its work.
void Clamp(std::vector<double>& input_image, double min_value, double max_value)
{
    auto clamp = [min_value, max_value](double x) {
        return std::min(std::max(x, min_value), max_value);
    };

    std::transform(input_image.begin(), input_image.end(),
                   input_image.begin(), clamp);
}

testing this on godbolt, gcc vectorised it and completely eliminated the redundant copy of clamp.

A: There you go. I made two transforms just to give the compiler a better chance for optimizations and vectorization. You can join them if you wish in 1 lambda if you disagree.
std::transform(input_image.begin(), input_image.end(), input_image.begin(), [lo](double v) {return (v < lo ? lo : v);});
std::transform(input_image.begin(), input_image.end(), input_image.begin(), [hi](double v) {return (v > hi ? hi : v);});

Always keep in mind that looping over consecutive memory elements is much faster. Refer to std::transform reference to understand how it works.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
::
:: build zip package, but ensuring its from the current source
:: turn off tests and other validation to speed it up
:: TODO: can be sped up more, if shading is moved out of core/
CALL mvn -am -pl dev-tools,distribution/zip package -DskipTests -Drun -Pdev


I was purchasing a 2006 BMW and wanted to ensure it was a good buy. I called Bart at Group One and he was more than courteous on the phone and said he would be happy to look at the car. The seller dropped the car off and picked it up a couple hours later. When I called Bart to get a report I had asked if the seller paid. Bart said no one has paid him yet. Huh? This alone speaks highly of Bart that he was placing his trust in a total stranger to settle up. Needless to say, I got a thorough report on the car, settled my tab, and look forward to having it serviced by Bart.


Solution Matrix Ltd serves business, government, educational, military, and non-profit clients on five continents.
Solution Matrix Ltd valued clients for consulting services and professional training include companies in private industry, governments, and non-profit organizations, worldwide.
We are especially proud of our long-term client relationships that continue and grow over the years.


text:
Q: Dealing with Access-Control-Allow-Origin in a Firebase cloud function I have a cloud function working on Firebase. The code looks like this:
  import * as functions from "firebase-functions";
  import * as admin from "firebase-admin";
  import * as cors from "cors";
  import {Response} from "express";

  const corsHandler = cors();

  admin.initializeApp();
  ......

  exports.myCloudFunction = functions.https.onRequest(function(req, resp) {
    resp.set("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*");
    resp.set("Access-Control-Allow-Methods", "GET, POST");
    corsHandler(req, resp, async () => {
      const idToken = String(req.body.token);
      admin.auth().verifyIdToken(idToken)
          .then(function(decodedToken) {
            .... doing useful work irrelevant to the question ....
          }).catch(function(error) {
            // Handle error:
            functions.logger.log("Error in myCloudFunction,");
            functions.logger.log("\tauth().verifyIdToken:", error);
          });
    }); // End corsHandler.
  });

But when launching the app, after a little while I see in the web console this error message:
Cross-Origin Request Blocked: The Same Origin Policy disallows reading the remote resource at https://us-central1-myapp.cloudfunctions.net/myCloudFunction. (Reason: CORS header 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' missing). Status code: 408.

Didn't I set Access-Control-Allow-Origin inside myCloudFunction?
Or did I do it incorrectly?
Any relevant help will be very much appreciated.


text:
KC attorneys help convicted murderer win record settlement for secondhand smoke exposure
Posted 10:33 pm, October 11, 2017, by Dave D'Marko, Updated at 10:37PM, October 11, 2017
KANSAS CITY, Mo. -- Missouri prisons will soon go smoke-free. It's all because of an inmate who spent time on death row and two Kansas City attorneys who won the landmark decision with virtually no trial experience.
Ecclesiastical Denzel Washington was convicted of strangling two women in 1989. He spent 14 years on death row before winning an appeal to have his sentence reduced to life in prison at Crossroads Correctional in Cameron, Missouri.
Even though he avoided lethal injection, he complained over and over again to the warden he was essentially living in a gas chamber because of his cellmate.
"He was sentenced to life in jail, he wasn't sentenced to life in jail with constant exposure to secondhand smoke," Mike Foster, partner at Polsinelli Law Firm, said.
When the effects on his asthma were ignored, Washington connected with Foster and Phil Zeeck, Kansas City attorneys who were just looking for some trial experience.
"I had never done this stuff in my life before," Foster said of his research into secondhand smoke litigation.
The Kansas City attorneys took the case pro bono, but admit they didn't think the lawsuit had a chance.
"Cases like this one are filed all the time and they are almost never successful," Zeeck said.
But as they started to investigate they say they found 95 percent of Missouri inmates smoke. Some of those inmates testified they smoked as many as two packs a day. The Missouri Department of Corrections allowed inmates to buy cigarettes from the commissary but were only supposed to smoke them outside.
"To think that a prisoner who is addicted to cigarettes isn't going to smoke in that cell, even if has cellmate has asthma, they are going to smoke," Foster said.
The jury agreed, saying the convicted double murderer was subjected to cruel and unusual punishment. Washington was awarded $111,000 in what may be one of the largest second hand smoke settlements in history.
But that's not all, as part of the stipulated agreement, the judge ordered the Missouri Department of Corrections to ban tobacco from its prisons all together. Washington's attorneys say the money taxpayers will save on health costs for inmates who can't smoke, far outweighs the settlement.
"It's clear the policy was out of date and needed to change, better late than never," Zeeck said.
What does a 53-year-old who will spend his life in prison do with all that money? His attorneys say he will use it to continue to fight his conviction.
Washington has faced a lot of backlash from inmates who are upset they will no longer be able to smoke on prison grounds because of his lawsuit starting in April. As a result, he will likely be transferred to a prison out of state for his protection.
The Missouri Department of Corrections reports both guards and inmates have smoking cessation programs already available to them to help them prepare for the changes April 1.
Click here to tell FOX 4!
'El Chapo' was sentenced to life in prison and says there was no justice
Man who raped Johnson County sheriff's deputy gets 55 years in prison
'I'm tickled to death that the man's out of jail': Victim's family speaks out after wrongful conviction claim
Kansas has paid 2 of 5 claims for wrongful incarceration
Oklahoma City bombing trial judge Richard Matsch dies at 88
Court upholds death sentence for man who killed 10-year-old Hailey Owens
Topeka man gets life in prison for killing at Perry Lake
Prosecutor: More than 60 deaths now linked to serial killer
Justin Rey sentenced to nearly 9 years in prison for child porn possession, child endangerment
Missouri woman to spend life in prison after the murder of a man with disabilities
White supremacist gets life sentence for Charlottesville car attack that killed one
Former Missouri Dairy Queen manager charged after bullied teen takes his own life won't go to prison
Greenwood man sentenced to life in prison for 2017 murder


The biggest professional wrestling organization in the world is on its way to headline the WWE Austin TX show. The World Wrestling Entertainment has been the torch bearer for decades in terms of in-ring excellence. It is now ready to propel it to another level by taking their flagship show, RAW on a world tour.
The WWE was formed in 1952. Over subsequent years the organization went on to become the biggest in professional wrestling by coming up with groundbreaking ideas to entice fans. The biggest of which was the start of RAW as Monday Night Raw in 1993. The program took WWE to unbelievable heights. It was this amazing show that provided the platform for the company to fight and eventually triumph against the rival WCW.
The biggest factor in beating the WCW was the start of the legendary Attitude Era that transformed the sport forever. Stars like Triple H, Stone Cold Steve Austin, The Rock, Mick Foley, The Undertaker and Kane among others used RAW as the platform to push professional wrestling to heights never scaled before. The end of the Attitude Era brought with it a new direction to attract a wider fan base. The torch was passed on to the like of Edge, CM Punk, John Cena, Sheamus and Daniel Bryan among many others to carry the organization into the new era and they have done that exactly that. Fans, book your WWE Austin TX tickets and watch the jaw dropping action live.
The average Wwe Austin tickets will cost you $92 for the event being held on 03/06/2019 at Frank Erwin Center, Austin, while minimum get in price is $33 on 03/06/2019.


Tracey's Orchard in Greencastle has what you need! Next time you need a landscaper, be sure to call the fantastic team from Greencastle's premier landscaping service at Tracey's Orchard.
Tracey's Orchard knows that a great grocery store mixes well-priced food with specialty items to give its customers a perfect mixture of delicious affordability. The produce available here is a great side to any meal in need of some fresh nutrients. Ditch the snack foods in favor of the fruits and vegetables sold here.
For patrons' convenience, nearby parking is readily available. Whether you prep your meals for the week or take things one day at a time, Tracey's Orchard features some of the freshest food in Greencastle.
Groupon has verified that the customer actually visited Tracey's Orchard.


Personal loans have been around far longer than credit cards, but the convenience of credit cards overshadowed personal loans until now. Online lenders have made personal loans a convenient, simple, and popular way to bridge financial gaps – but for many people loans feel like a relatively new option and we get a lot of questions about how loans really work. As a company at the forefront of this new way to borrow, we love that you're asking questions. So, here's everything you always wanted to know about personal loans.
Personal loans can be used for almost anything. The two most common uses cases are paying down existing debt at a lower rate, also known as refinancing, and making a purchase when you don't have the money currently available. Many people use credit cards for these types of purchases, but fixed-rate loans will often help you save money. (More information on how to compare credit cards and personal loans).
Each lenders has established a formula to determine whom to lend to and at what rate. This process is known as underwriting. Typically lenders will look at many factors including your credit history, your current debt-to-income ration, and your expenses in assessing your creditworthiness.
Credit scores are a quick and standardized way to understand a person's creditworthiness. While each credit reporting agency (Equifax, Experian and TransUnion) has its own formula, there are 5 factors that make up your score: credit history, payment history, types of credit, new accounts, and amount owed. All of those factors matter to lenders when they are trying to evaluate whether to lend to you and how much.
Once the loan has been finalized, most lenders will take out an origination fee before transferring the money. This fee is only charged once and is essentially to help the lender pay for the cost of issuing the loan. This fee is generally removed from the funds you receive, so if you take out a $10, 000 loan with a 4% origination fee, you would receive $9, 600 from the lender.


AG domain name is Antigua and Barbuda (Antigua and Barbuda) of the national domain name.
Be is a national domain name for Belgium.
De is the national domain name of Germany, the famous tourist attraction of Berlin city and the symbol of German unification.
As the most clear sign of the information age,.INFO will become the preferred domain name for network information services by its unique identification.
JP domain name is Japan (Japan) national top-level domain name.
Mn domain name is Mongolia (Mongolia) national domain name.
MS is in domain name (Montserrat).
Nu is the new island (Niue) national domain name.
Ro is the national domain name of Romania (Romania).
Ru is the domain name of Russia.
TK is the national domain name of Stockerau, a South Pacific island country (Tokelau).
Exclusive travel industry domain names, such as travel agencies, travel companies, tourist attractions, etc.
Domain name, adult ID, unique domain name for adult web site.
SH is the national code top-level domain of St. Helen (St.Helena), the abbreviation of the island where the great Napoleon was exiled for 7 years.


text:
Manif d'art 9
Scottish artist Susan Philipsz explores the psychic and sculptural potentialities of sound with respect to body and space. In order to create Lowlands, a sound installation, the artist drew on the traditional Scottish folk song Lowlands Away, which dates back to the 16th century
© Photo: Renaud Philippe
Courtesy of Manif d'art 9
Manif d'art 9 - Photos
16 February - 21 April 2019, Québec City, Canada. Artistic director: Claude Bélanger. Curator: Jonathan Watkins


text:
Nicholas Jamerson and Pierce Edens
Nicholas Jamerson x Pierce Edens (Special 7pm show/Doors 6:30pm)
By The Evening Muse
Sat, February 4, 2023, 7:00 PM EST, Doors at 6:30 PM
The Evening Muse 3227 N. Davidson Street Charlotte, NC 28205
Nicholas Jamerson
Pierce Edens
Nicholas Jamerson
In the last ten years or so Nicholas Jamerson has put together a catalogue that reaches across broad spectrums in both substance and style. The eastern Kentucky native has endeared himself to fans in the region and beyond as a founding member of the duo, Sundy Best. In recent years Nicholas performed extensively solo and with his band The Morning Jays. Both with band and on his own Nicholas has made his mark on the most hallowed stages and events in the region. From the Grand Ole Opry and Ryman Auditorium to Americana and Master Musician Festivals. He is among an esteemed group of todays artists who have shaped , redefined, and expanded the notions of Appalachian and Southern music , and reminds people why they love it and enjoy its many splendors.
Jamerson's songs are known for their attention to the natural world, warm hearted characters , and the plight and triumphs of the modern day hillbilly.
The Morning Jays are comprised of gentlemen from across the state lines of Kentucky and Tennessee. A blend of country, rock, folk, bluegrass, r&b, and 4 part harmony creating a sounds Taylor made for square dances to summer time, living rooms to lazer shows.
*******
Over the last ten years, Pierce Edens has been drawing on his Appalachian songwriting roots and blending them with the grungy rock and roll sounds that took him in his teenage years. The result is a haunting and fiery mixture that is notoriously hard to pin down. Allmusic.com classifies Edens as both "Folk-Rock" and "psychedelic-grunge," and No Depression writer Bill Kopp says "[He] could just as easily- and accurately- be tagged with the singer/songwriter label; He's a gritty troubadour who takes what he needs from each style, blending and bending it to suit the needs of his songs." Or, as Fred Mills state in Blurt Magazine, "Somewhere up there in the hills of western North Carolina a lot of bodies are buried, and Pierce Edens is the man with the locations. There's no evidence that a cop, D.A. or judge can bring forth, mind you, but he clearly knows something; you can hear it in his twisted, tortured vocal bray […] a soulful-yet-serrated instrument that conveys far more than even its owner might intend." Now, in his fifth fully independent album (Stripped Down Gussied Up), Edens has taken his singular voice back home to his studio in Western North Carolina to bury some more bodies. This album witnesses Edens stripping down the instrumentation to simply the vocals, percussion, and guitar, alongside his long time band-mate Kevin Reese accompanying with lead guitar, mandolin, and occasional banjo for a handful of genre-bending songs. Stripped Down Gussied Up delivers Edens' signature sound as it should be heard; intimate and atmospheric, glittery, gritty, and raw.
North Carolina Events
Things to do in Charlotte, NC
Charlotte Performances
Charlotte Music Performances
Browse Charlotte Events


Research TWO recent data breach or cyber risk events and give a b...brief summary for each. Include relevant details on the threat source (what type of threat was responsible for the breach, for example spear phishing, system flaws, 3rd party access etc.). Please keep the description very concise, no more than half page for each, bulleted if possible.
[đăng nhập để xem URL] is a multi-lingual comparison platform that covers ov...page titles and meta-descriptions - titles for our homepage: [đăng nhập để xem URL] - explanations for technical specifications A detailed brief will be provided, as well as access to Webtranslateit, the translation platform we are using. Prior experience with Webtranslateit is a plus.
Hello, I need a freelancer to help me with building a monitoring based website(PHP) that can consume a SOAP service periodically and store the data in the D...Reuirements: It should be build using a framework it should have a template engine, authentification, admin panel, user panel, configurable notifications modules, time based access to features.


The Bolivian government announced that it will not move forward with a new press law but that it does intend to "bring the work of the press and journalism into line with the new Constitution," reported the television channel Eju TV.
At the end of last year, Bolivian President Evo Morales declared his intention to regulate media content, alarming journalists in the Andean country.
In November 2011, the National Association of the Bolivian Press criticized the Morales government's proposed bill, arguing that any change to the existing press law would be a violation of human rights and could "affect the guarantee of freedom of the press and expression."
Passed in 1925, Bolivia's press law is the oldest in South America, according to the radio station FM Bolivia. Defenders of the law in the Bolivian press argue that it protects freedom of expression in the country.
Representatives in the Bolivian government, including Communication Minister Amanda Dávila and State Media Director Claudio Rossel, question the law's applicability in current times, reported Eju TV. Dávila went on to say that "the press does not understand who Evo is," the broadcaster reported.
In an interview with the newspaper El Diario, Iván Miranda Balcazar, political science professor at the University of San Andres, said that the press law needed to be expanded, not modified. Leaders from the Federation of Bolivian Press Workers and the Federation of Latin American Press Workers said that there should be amendments to the law covering new technologies while "defending the public's right to be informed."


text:
Steven Hunt skydivers round off a year of charity challenges
Employees of Steven Hunt & Associates took part in a charity skydive
It was the latest in a series of events and activities undertaken by the team in 2019 which have raised a total of £7,758 raised for North West Cancer Research
Staff at Liverpool-based mechanical and electrical engineering consultancy, Steven Hunt & Associates completed a an adrenaline-fuelled skydive to mark the company's 30th anniversary.
It was the latest in a series of events and activities undertaken by the team in 2019 which have raised a total of £7,758 raised for North West Cancer Research.
Six Steven Hunt thrill-seekers took part in the 11,000 ft skydive and other challenges during the year included gruelling 300-mile office spinathon and the Three Peaks Challenge.
Assisted by the Black Knights Parachute Centre in Lancaster, the skydive team included managing director Steve Hunt and his 76-year-old mother-in-law, Irene Webster, who was more than happy to go above and beyond for the charitable cause.
Steve said: "At the start of the year we set out three challenges that would stretch the team to the limit, each representing the three decades that we have been a business.
"I want to personally thank each and every one of them for getting stuck in and demonstrating real team spirit, making 2019 one of the most memorable years in the company's history."
Irene added: "I must admit that at the age of 76 I never thought I would be jumping out of a plane 11,000 ft up, but as soon as Steve asked me if I was interested, I leapt at the chance, not only to raise money for such an important cause, but to celebrate the company's 30th milestone."
Launched in 1989, Steven Hunt & Associates has gone on to become one of the leading M&E firm in the North West and are currently the only BIM level certified M&E consultancy in the region.
Cara Newton, head of fundraising for North West Cancer Research, said: "We can't say thank you enough to the team at Steven Hunt & Associates for choosing us as their chosen charity for its landmark 30th anniversary year."
Film and TV productions boost Liverpool's economy by £17.6m in 2019
Ships on the Mersey and high and low tides on Saturday, December 21
Millfield secures two new lettings at Yorkshire House in Liverpool
Sir Howard Bernstein to speak at first Liverpool Property Club event
New appointments and promotions in property and accountancy


Dfuse Technologies, Inc. is a premier provider of information technology and innovative business solutions providing IT services to both government and commercial customers. We have helped our customers to visualize, recognize and execute objectives while balancing cost, schedule and resources. As your partner in mission success, we provide talented workforce in software development, integration and secure implementation of technologies such as: Mobile Application Development, Oracle Fusion Middleware Development, Application Integration, Database Management and Data Warehousing, Web Portals, Reporting and Dash boards, Trend analysis, Visualization and Project Management. Our consultants are highly educated and trained professionals with over 30 years of cumulative experience in their perspective areas. We believe in team success by helping our customers identify the big middle.


PLEASE READ THIS DOCUMENT CAREFULLY. IT CONTAINS VERY IMPORTANT INFORMATION REGARDING YOUR RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS, INCLUDING LIMITATIONS AND EXCLUSIONS THAT MIGHT APPLY TO YOU.
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text:
Nigeria Set To Export Yams To Europe....
The Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development, Audu Ogbeh, has said that arrangements had been concluded for the first container of yams to leave the shores of Nigeria for the European continent on the 29th of June this year.
He disclosed this in Abuja during a chat with journalists on the achievements of his Ministry since the President Muhammadu Buhari-led federal government took over power two years ago.
Ogbeh stated that, within the next two years, Nigeria's agricultural sector will regain its lost glory at the world stage as a major food producer and exporter.
He noted that apart from yam that will soon be added to the list of farm produce Nigeria
exports to the rest of the world, the country was doing well in the exportation of vegetables, beans and cowpeas to India, as well as cashew to Vietnam.
The Minister further said that without the support of Nigerians who heeded the call of President Buhari to take agriculture seriously and shift focus away from oil, the giant strides the country was making in the exportation of farm produce would have been impossible.
Dailypost.


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