text:
#KeepCorbyn: Labour Civil War Reaches Fever Pitch
By Staff, www.marxist.com
| Resist!
#KeepCorbyn: Labour Civil War Reaches Fever Pitch2016-06-292016-06-29https://popularresistance-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/2017/12/popres-shorter.pngPopularResistance.Orghttps://popularresistance-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/2016/06/Corbyn_and_Blairites_-_Socialist_Appeal_UK-150x100.jpg200px200px
Above Photo: Socialist Appeal
The Rubicon has been crossed. The die is cast. With their vote of no confidence against Jeremy Corbyn (by 172 votes to 40), the den of thieves that is the Parliamentary Labour Party have declared all-out war against the democratically elected leader and the vast majority of grassroots members. Tensions have reached breaking point. As the Financial Times, the reliable mouthpiece of the ruling class, correctly asserts, "having unsheathed the dagger, Labour MPs cannot now draw back."
The lines in this battle have now been very clearly drawn. On the one side is Jeremy Corbyn, the trade unions, a core of loyal left-wing Labour MPs, and hundreds of thousands of Labour members and Corbyn supporters. On the other side is the majority of the Parliamentary Labour Party (PLP) – dozens of careerists and Blairites whose motto now is "rule or ruin".
Splits ahead
All talk now of "unity" between these two camps is now a laughable joke. The only "unity" that these right-wing MPs are willing to accept is for Corbyn's head to be paraded around on a stick. They have demonstrated that they have an utter contempt towards rank-and-file Labour members and for the basic principles of Labour Party democracy. They believe that the Labour Party is their personal property, and that the membership is merely a passive mob that must accept their condescending diktats. They would clearly rather split the party than see it dominated by Corbyn and those who support him.
This is now a battle to death in which only one side can win. Corbyn has stood firm. With the backing of the trade unions and rank-and-file activists, he has resisted the calls from the PLP and the whole of the Establishment for him to go.
But the Blairites are not backing down either. They have the whole of the ruling class behind them, pushing them on to carry out a coup against Corbyn. With the vote of no confidence won, they will now feel emboldened to rally around a new leadership candidate.
Over 40 Labour MPs have resigned from the shadow cabinet and other more junior roles. Backbenchers even heckled the Labour leader during a session in the House of Commons. Reports from the PLP's meeting yesterday describe scenes of shouting and mud-slinging as the careerists tried to pressure Corbyn into resigning.
The situation is untenable and is now heading for an open split. Whoever the Blairites put forward in a leadership election, it is highly likely they would lose against the combined might of Corbyn's supporters amongst the membership, trade unions, and wider working class. And what then? On the other hand, if they try to keep Corbyn off the ballot paper, that will most certainly be seen as a provocation that will not be accepted by the grassroots or the trade unions, who have reaffirmed their backing for the current Labour leader.
Deselection demanded
The question of deselection has therefore been thrust to the forefront. It is openly being raised in the mainstream media. The hashtag #DeselectThem is trending on Twitter. Even trade union leaders are raising the issue of deselection; writing in the Guardian, Len McCluskey – the general secretary of Unite the Union, Labour's biggest funder – gave a sharp warning to the careerists MPs in the PLP in response to their manoeuvres, writing that:
"Unite has hitherto opposed any plans to change the party rules governing mandatory re-selection of Labour MPs…But those MPs who have missed no opportunity to tweet and brief against the party's elected leader over the last 10 months will find that their disloyalty finds no favour with party members and will make this an increasingly difficult line to hold."
One recent study showed a burning desire amongst the Labour rank-and-file for greater democratic control of Labour's elected representatives. According to a report on the LabourList website, "A majority (55 per cent) of new members believe that MPs who 'persistently and publicly criticise the leadership in the media should be deselected', with the proportion rising to two-thirds (68 per cent) of those who joined after Corbyn took the top job."
Petitions are already circulating against right-wingers such as Ben Bradshaw and Hilary Benn. Angela Eagle, meanwhile, has faced opposition from Labour members in her constituency of Wallasey, who have demanded that she back Corbyn.
It is only matter of time, therefore, before Blairite MPs push the patience of Labour members beyond its limits. Eventually deselection will be openly demanded in the Constituency Labour Parties (CLPs) of right-wing Labour MPs, and a wave of deselection will hit these self-serving careerists in the face.
Indeed, ordinary Labour members are fuming at the scandalous behaviour and sabotage of the Labour right-wing. They can see clearly who is to blame for the turmoil inside the Labour Party. Comments on social media highlight the enormous anger amongst the grassroots towards these back-stabbing MPs:
"Traitorous fools"; "Do us a favour and resign as MPs"; "Disgusting all you MPs stabbing Jeremy in the back"; "You should be fighting the Tories and fighting for working people"; "I have no respect for back stabbing right-wing Labour MPs – go join Liberals"; "Their job is to serve the party. If they don't support democracy they should go"; "The Party chose Corbyn by a huge majority – are you happy to totally ignore the membership?"; "Career politicians the lot of you – go join Gove and Boris"; "Labour Party members need to mobilise to deselect you – you have let the local membership down". And these are just the tip of the iceberg.
#KeepCorbyn
Whilst the careerist creatures lined up to attack Corbyn in the PLP meeting yesterday evening, outside on Parliament Square over 10,000 Corbyn supporters gathered at a Momentum-organised rally – organised at only 24 hours' notice – to hear trade unions leaders and left-wing Labour MPs talk about how to defend Corbyn and the entire Labour movement against the sabotage and shenanigans of the Blairite gangsters.
Amongst those speaking were Labour MPs Richard Burgon and Diane Abbott, who both gave passionate speeches in support of Corbyn. Matt Wrack, leader of the Labour-affiliated Fire Brigades Union, gave a sharp rebuke of Corbyn's critics. "What we have here," the FBU general secretary stated, "is a carefully co-ordinated coup, planned to cause the upmost damage. What an utter disgrace these people are…We are not going to allow them to get away with this coup!" (see video below, from 30m:00s.)
Both Matt Wrack and Paul Mason, the left-wing author and journalist, implicitly raised the question of deselection of the out-of-touch MPs in the PLP, calling for a new generation of elected representatives for the Labour movement. "We need to find 100 new potential Labour candidates from crowds like this," Mason stressed. "We need young people, women, and those from most disadvantaged and oppressed to stand."
The rally finished with speeches from Jeremy Corbyn and his close ally and friend, John McDonnell, who were greeted by an enormous wave of enthusiasm from the crowd, with cheers of "Corbyn In, Tories Out". "Let me make it clear," McDonnell, the shadow chancellor, affirmed, "If there is another leadership election, Jeremy Corbyn will be standing again and I will be supporting him. This is not about any individual; this is about democracy of the movement."
The movement behind Corbyn must not put up with these Blairite games any longer. Britain is in turmoil, facing a profound economic and political crisis as a result of the Brexit vote. And it is workers, the poor, and the youth who will be asked to pay for these crises. The working class needs representatives that are willing and able to stand up and fight for the interests of workers, and not merely parrot the words of the Establishment.
The Tories are in a deep crisis of their own. A snap election is on the cards within a few months. A Labour Party that is united around Corbyn and a programme of bold socialist policies could win such an election. This is what terrifies the ruling class and their infiltrators inside Labour. That is why they are seeking to oust Corbyn as soon as possible.
It is time to cure the Party of the Blairite cancer that is killing it. The question of mandatory reselection must be pushed throughout the Labour movement by Momentum and trade union activists, and all those who want to defend Corbyn. Those Corbyn supporters who are not yet active inside the Party should jump into the fray and make their voices heard. Any Labour MP who refuses to back Corbyn must be deselected by Labour members, shown the door, and replaced by a genuine representative of workers and youth. There is no time to waste.
Jeremy Corbyn Labor Labor Party United Kingdom
Alternatively, if Corbyn is forced out, he should lead a mass resignation from Labor and go Green, letting the ossified Labor Party atrophy and die.
chetdude
As should the disease of DLC/neoliberal war mongers be removed from the democrat wing of the One Big Political Club in USAmerica…
Or an alternative People's Party (Green Party?) take power…


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Myanmar - Yangon Yangon is 2 hours, 30 minutes behind Seoul.
Namibia - Windhoek Windhoek is 7 hours behind Seoul.
Nauru - Yaren Yaren is 3 hours ahead of Seoul.
Nepal - Kathmandu Kathmandu is 3 hours, 15 minutes behind Seoul.
Netherlands - Amsterdam Amsterdam is 7 hours behind Seoul.
Netherlands - Rotterdam Rotterdam is 7 hours behind Seoul.
New Caledonia - New Caledonia - Noumea Noumea is 2 hours ahead of Seoul.
New Zealand - Auckland Auckland is 3 hours ahead of Seoul.
New Zealand - Chatham Island Chatham Island is 3 hours, 45 minutes ahead of Seoul.
New Zealand - Christchurch Christchurch is 3 hours ahead of Seoul.
New Zealand - Wellington Wellington is 3 hours ahead of Seoul.
Nicaragua - Managua Managua is 15 hours behind Seoul.
Niger - Niamey Niamey is 8 hours behind Seoul.
Nigeria - Abuja Abuja is 8 hours behind Seoul.
Nigeria - Kano Nigeria Kano Nigeria is 8 hours behind Seoul.
Nigeria - Lagos Lagos is 8 hours behind Seoul.
Niue - Alofi Alofi is 20 hours behind Seoul.
Norfolk Island - Kingston Kingston is 2 hours, 30 minutes ahead of Seoul.
North Korea - Pyongyang There is no time difference between Pyongyang and Seoul.
Norway - Oslo Oslo is 7 hours behind Seoul.
Oman - Muscat Muscat is 5 hours behind Seoul.
Pakistan - Faisalabad Faisalabad is 4 hours behind Seoul.
Pakistan - Islamabad Islamabad is 4 hours behind Seoul.
Pakistan - Karachi Karachi is 4 hours behind Seoul.
Pakistan - Lahore Lahore is 4 hours behind Seoul.
Pakistan - Peshawar Peshawar is 4 hours behind Seoul.
Pakistan - Sialkot Sialkot is 4 hours behind Seoul.
Palau - Koror There is no time difference between Koror and Seoul.
Panama - Panama Panama is 14 hours behind Seoul.
Papua New Guinea - Port Moresby Port Moresby is 1 hour ahead of Seoul.
Paraguay - Asuncion Asuncion is 13 hours behind Seoul.
Peru - Lima - Lima Lima is 14 hours behind Seoul.
Philippines - Cebu City Cebu City is 1 hour behind Seoul.
Philippines - Manila Manila is 1 hour behind Seoul.
Pitcairn Islands - Adamstown Adamstown is 17 hours behind Seoul.
Poland - Gdansk Gdansk is 7 hours behind Seoul.
Poland - Krakow Krakow is 7 hours behind Seoul.
Poland - Lodz Lodz is 7 hours behind Seoul.
Poland - Poznan Poznan is 7 hours behind Seoul.
Poland - Szczecin Szczecin is 7 hours behind Seoul.
Poland - Warsaw Warsaw is 7 hours behind Seoul.
Poland - Wroclaw Wroclaw is 7 hours behind Seoul.
Portugal - Azores Azores is 9 hours behind Seoul.
Portugal - Lisbon Lisbon is 8 hours behind Seoul.
Portugal - Porto Porto is 8 hours behind Seoul.
Portugal - Madeira - Funchal Funchal is 8 hours behind Seoul.
Puerto Rico - San Juan San Juan is 13 hours behind Seoul.
Qatar - Doha Doha is 6 hours behind Seoul.
Reunion (French) - Saint-Denis Saint-Denis is 5 hours behind Seoul.
Romania - Bucharest Bucharest is 6 hours behind Seoul.
Russia - Anadyr Anadyr is 3 hours ahead of Seoul.
Russia - Chelyabinsk Chelyabinsk is 4 hours behind Seoul.
Russia - Kaliningrad Kaliningrad is 7 hours behind Seoul.
Russia - Kazan Kazan is 6 hours behind Seoul.
Russia - Krasnoyarsk Krasnoyarsk is 2 hours behind Seoul.
Russia - Moscow Moscow is 6 hours behind Seoul.
Russia - Murmansk Murmansk is 6 hours behind Seoul.
Russia - Novgorod Novgorod is 6 hours behind Seoul.
Russia - Novosibirsk Novosibirsk is 2 hours behind Seoul.
Russia - Omsk Omsk is 3 hours behind Seoul.
Russia - Perm Perm is 4 hours behind Seoul.
Russia - Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky is 3 hours ahead of Seoul.
Russia - Saint-Petersburg Saint-Petersburg is 6 hours behind Seoul.
Russia - Samara Samara is 5 hours behind Seoul.
Russia - Sochi Sochi is 6 hours behind Seoul.
Russia - Ufa Ufa is 4 hours behind Seoul.
Russia - Vladivostok Vladivostok is 1 hour ahead of Seoul.
Russia - Yekaterinburg Yekaterinburg is 4 hours behind Seoul.
Russia - Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk is 2 hours ahead of Seoul.
Rwanda - Kigali Kigali is 7 hours behind Seoul.
Saint Kitts and Nevis - Basseterre Basseterre is 13 hours behind Seoul.
Saint Lucia - Castries Castries is 13 hours behind Seoul.
Saint Vincent Grenadines - Kingstown Kingstown is 13 hours behind Seoul.
Samoa - Apia Apia is 4 hours ahead of Seoul.
San Marino - San Marino San Marino is 7 hours behind Seoul.
Sao Tome and Principe - Sao Tome Sao Tome is 9 hours behind Seoul.
Saudi Arabia - Jeddah Jeddah is 6 hours behind Seoul.
Saudi Arabia - Mecca Mecca is 6 hours behind Seoul.
Saudi Arabia - Riyadh Riyadh is 6 hours behind Seoul.
Senegal - Dakar Dakar is 9 hours behind Seoul.
Serbia - Belgrade Belgrade is 7 hours behind Seoul.
Seychelles - Victoria (Seychelles) Victoria (Seychelles) is 5 hours behind Seoul.
Sierra Leone - Freetown Freetown is 9 hours behind Seoul.
Singapore - Singapore Singapore is 1 hour behind Seoul.
Slovakia - Bratislava Bratislava is 7 hours behind Seoul.
Slovenia - Ljubljana Ljubljana is 7 hours behind Seoul.
Solomon Islands - Honiara Honiara is 2 hours ahead of Seoul.
Somalia - Mogadishu Mogadishu is 6 hours behind Seoul.
South Africa - Cape Town Cape Town is 7 hours behind Seoul.
South Africa - Durban Durban is 7 hours behind Seoul.
South Africa - Johannesburg Johannesburg is 7 hours behind Seoul.
South Africa - Port Elizabeth Port Elizabeth is 7 hours behind Seoul.
South Africa - Pretoria Pretoria is 7 hours behind Seoul.
South Korea - Busan There is no time difference between Busan and Seoul.
South Korea - Incheon There is no time difference between Incheon and Seoul.
South Korea - Taegu There is no time difference between Taegu and Seoul.
South Sudan - Juba Juba is 6 hours behind Seoul.
Spain - Cordoba Cordoba is 7 hours behind Seoul.
Spain - La Coruna La Coruna is 7 hours behind Seoul.
Spain - Madrid Madrid is 7 hours behind Seoul.
Spain - Barcelona - Barcelona Barcelona is 7 hours behind Seoul.
Spain - Canary Islands - Las Palmas Las Palmas is 8 hours behind Seoul.
Spain - Majorca - Palma Palma is 7 hours behind Seoul.
Sri Lanka - Colombo Colombo is 3 hours, 30 minutes behind Seoul.
Sudan - Khartoum Khartoum is 7 hours behind Seoul.
Suriname - Paramaribo Paramaribo is 12 hours behind Seoul.
eSwatini - Mbabane Mbabane is 7 hours behind Seoul.
Sweden - Stockholm Stockholm is 7 hours behind Seoul.
Switzerland - Basel Basel is 7 hours behind Seoul.
Switzerland - Bern Bern is 7 hours behind Seoul.
Switzerland - Geneva Geneva is 7 hours behind Seoul.
Switzerland - Lausanne Lausanne is 7 hours behind Seoul.
Switzerland - Zurich Zurich is 7 hours behind Seoul.
Syria - Damascus Damascus is 6 hours behind Seoul.
Taiwan - Kaohsiung Kaohsiung is 1 hour behind Seoul.
Taiwan - Taipei Taipei is 1 hour behind Seoul.
Tajikistan - Dushanbe Dushanbe is 4 hours behind Seoul.
Tanzania - Dar es Salaam Dar es Salaam is 6 hours behind Seoul.
Tanzania - Dodoma Dodoma is 6 hours behind Seoul.
Thailand - Bangkok Bangkok is 2 hours behind Seoul.
Thailand - Khon Kaen Khon Kaen is 2 hours behind Seoul.
Timor Leste - Dili There is no time difference between Dili and Seoul.
Togo - Lome Lome is 9 hours behind Seoul.
Tokelau - Tokelau - Fakaofo Fakaofo is 5 hours ahead of Seoul.
Tonga - Nukualofa Nukualofa is 4 hours ahead of Seoul.
Trinidad and Tobago - Port of Spain Port of Spain is 13 hours behind Seoul.
Tunisia - Tunis Tunis is 8 hours behind Seoul.
Turkey - Ankara Ankara is 6 hours behind Seoul.
Turkey - Istanbul Istanbul is 6 hours behind Seoul.
Turkey - Izmir Izmir is 6 hours behind Seoul.
Turkmenistan - Ashgabat Ashgabat is 4 hours behind Seoul.
Tuvalu - Funafuti Funafuti is 3 hours ahead of Seoul.
UAE - Abu Dhabi - Abu Dhabi Abu Dhabi is 5 hours behind Seoul.
UAE - Dubai - Dubai Dubai is 5 hours behind Seoul.
Uganda - Kampala Kampala is 6 hours behind Seoul.
UK - England - Birmingham (UK) Birmingham (UK) is 8 hours behind Seoul.
UK - England - Liverpool Liverpool is 8 hours behind Seoul.
UK - England - London London is 8 hours behind Seoul.
UK - England - Southampton Southampton is 8 hours behind Seoul.
UK - Northern Ireland - Belfast Belfast is 8 hours behind Seoul.
UK - Scotland - Edinburgh Edinburgh is 8 hours behind Seoul.
UK - Scotland - Glasgow Glasgow is 8 hours behind Seoul.
UK - Wales - Cardiff Cardiff is 8 hours behind Seoul.
Ukraine - Kiev Kiev is 6 hours behind Seoul.
Ukraine - Odesa Odesa is 6 hours behind Seoul.
Uruguay - Montevideo Montevideo is 12 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Alabama - Birmingham (US) Birmingham (US) is 14 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Alabama - Mobile Mobile is 14 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Alabama - Montgomery Montgomery is 14 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Alaska - Adak Adak is 18 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Alaska - Anchorage Anchorage is 17 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Alaska - Fairbanks Fairbanks is 17 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Alaska - Juneau Juneau is 17 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Alaska - Nome Nome is 17 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Alaska - Unalaska Unalaska is 17 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Arizona - Mesa Mesa is 16 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Arizona - Phoenix Phoenix is 16 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Arizona - Tucson Tucson is 16 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Arkansas - Little Rock Little Rock is 14 hours behind Seoul.
USA - California - Anaheim Anaheim is 16 hours behind Seoul.
USA - California - Fresno Fresno is 16 hours behind Seoul.
USA - California - Long Beach Long Beach is 16 hours behind Seoul.
USA - California - Los Angeles Los Angeles is 16 hours behind Seoul.
USA - California - Oakland Oakland is 16 hours behind Seoul.
USA - California - Riverside Riverside is 16 hours behind Seoul.
USA - California - Sacramento Sacramento is 16 hours behind Seoul.
USA - California - San Bernardino San Bernardino is 16 hours behind Seoul.
USA - California - San Diego San Diego is 16 hours behind Seoul.
USA - California - San Francisco San Francisco is 16 hours behind Seoul.
USA - California - San Jose San Jose is 16 hours behind Seoul.
USA - California - Stockton Stockton is 16 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Colorado - Aurora Aurora is 15 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Colorado - Denver Denver is 15 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Connecticut - Hartford Hartford is 13 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Delaware - Dover Dover is 13 hours behind Seoul.
USA - District of Columbia - Washington DC Washington DC is 13 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Florida - Jacksonville Jacksonville is 13 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Florida - Miami Miami is 13 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Florida - Orlando Orlando is 13 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Florida - Pensacola Pensacola is 14 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Florida - St. Petersburg St. Petersburg is 13 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Florida - Tampa Tampa is 13 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Georgia - Atlanta Atlanta is 13 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Hawaii - Honolulu Honolulu is 19 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Idaho - Boise Boise is 15 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Illinois - Chicago Chicago is 14 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Indiana - Indianapolis Indianapolis is 13 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Iowa - Des Moines Des Moines is 14 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Kansas - Topeka Topeka is 14 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Kansas - Wichita Wichita is 14 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Kentucky - Frankfort Frankfort is 13 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Kentucky - Lexington-Fayette Lexington-Fayette is 13 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Kentucky - Louisville Louisville is 13 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Louisiana - Baton Rouge Baton Rouge is 14 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Louisiana - New Orleans New Orleans is 14 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Maine - Augusta Augusta is 13 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Mariana Islands - Guam Guam is 1 hour ahead of Seoul.
USA - Maryland - Baltimore Baltimore is 13 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Massachusetts - Boston Boston is 13 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Michigan - Detroit Detroit is 13 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Minnesota - Minneapolis Minneapolis is 14 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Minnesota - Saint Paul Saint Paul is 14 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Mississippi - Jackson Jackson is 14 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Missouri - Jefferson City Jefferson City is 14 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Missouri - Kansas City Kansas City is 14 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Missouri - St. Louis St. Louis is 14 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Montana - Billings Billings is 15 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Montana - Helena Helena is 15 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Nebraska - Lincoln Lincoln is 14 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Nevada - Carson City Carson City is 16 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Nevada - Las Vegas Las Vegas is 16 hours behind Seoul.
USA - New Hampshire - Concord Concord is 13 hours behind Seoul.
USA - New Jersey - Jersey City Jersey City is 13 hours behind Seoul.
USA - New Jersey - Newark Newark is 13 hours behind Seoul.
USA - New Jersey - Trenton Trenton is 13 hours behind Seoul.
USA - New Mexico - Albuquerque Albuquerque is 15 hours behind Seoul.
USA - New Mexico - Santa Fe Santa Fe is 15 hours behind Seoul.
USA - New York - Albany Albany is 13 hours behind Seoul.
USA - New York - Buffalo Buffalo is 13 hours behind Seoul.
USA - New York - New York New York is 13 hours behind Seoul.
USA - New York - Rochester Rochester is 13 hours behind Seoul.
USA - North Carolina - Charlotte Charlotte is 13 hours behind Seoul.
USA - North Carolina - Raleigh Raleigh is 13 hours behind Seoul.
USA - North Dakota - Bismarck Bismarck is 14 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Northern Mariana Islands - Saipan Saipan is 1 hour ahead of Seoul.
USA - Ohio - Akron Akron is 13 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Ohio - Cincinnati Cincinnati is 13 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Ohio - Cleveland Cleveland is 13 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Ohio - Columbus Columbus is 13 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Ohio - Toledo Toledo is 13 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Oklahoma - Oklahoma City Oklahoma City is 14 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Oregon - Portland Portland is 16 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Oregon - Salem Salem is 16 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Pennsylvania - Harrisburg Harrisburg is 13 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Pennsylvania - Philadelphia Philadelphia is 13 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Pennsylvania - Pittsburgh Pittsburgh is 13 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Rhode Island - Providence Providence is 13 hours behind Seoul.
USA - South Carolina - Columbia Columbia is 13 hours behind Seoul.
USA - South Dakota - Pierre Pierre is 14 hours behind Seoul.
USA - South Dakota - Sioux Falls Sioux Falls is 14 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Tennessee - Knoxville Knoxville is 13 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Tennessee - Memphis Memphis is 14 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Tennessee - Nashville Nashville is 14 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Texas - Arlington Arlington is 14 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Texas - Austin Austin is 14 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Texas - Dallas Dallas is 14 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Texas - El Paso El Paso is 15 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Texas - Fort Worth Fort Worth is 14 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Texas - Houston Houston is 14 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Texas - San Antonio San Antonio is 14 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Utah - Salt Lake City Salt Lake City is 15 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Vermont - Montpelier Montpelier is 13 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Virginia - Norfolk Norfolk is 13 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Virginia - Richmond Richmond is 13 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Virginia - Virginia Beach Virginia Beach is 13 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Washington - Seattle Seattle is 16 hours behind Seoul.
USA - West Virginia - Charleston Charleston is 13 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Wisconsin - Madison Madison is 14 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Wisconsin - Milwaukee Milwaukee is 14 hours behind Seoul.
USA - Wyoming - Cheyenne Cheyenne is 15 hours behind Seoul.
Uzbekistan - Tashkent Tashkent is 4 hours behind Seoul.
Vanuatu - Port Vila Port Vila is 2 hours ahead of Seoul.
Vatican City State - Vatican City Vatican City is 7 hours behind Seoul.
Venezuela - Caracas Caracas is 13 hours behind Seoul.
Vietnam - Hanoi Hanoi is 2 hours behind Seoul.
Vietnam - Ho Chi Minh Ho Chi Minh is 2 hours behind Seoul.
West Bank - Bethlehem Bethlehem is 6 hours behind Seoul.
Western Sahara - El Aaiun El Aaiun is 8 hours behind Seoul.
Yemen - Aden Aden is 6 hours behind Seoul.
Yemen - Sana Sana is 6 hours behind Seoul.
Zambia - Lusaka Lusaka is 7 hours behind Seoul.
Zimbabwe - Harare Harare is 7 hours behind Seoul.


Discover Ottawa, Gatineau. Spending less, getting more!
In the morning, we will depart from Montreal, driving towards Ottawa. Upon our arrival, we will visit Parliament Hill. Afterward, we will take a sightseeing cruise on Rideau Canal, the oldest continuously operated canal system in North America. After lunch, we will visit the Rideau Hall and the Canadian War Museum. In the early evening, we will leave Ottawa and return to Montreal.
Rideau Hall The largest official residence in the capital, Rideau Hall is home to the Governor General of Canada. It keeps its doors open to the public, creating a rare opportunity for visitors to step inside this impressive historic building.
Ottawa River Boat Cruise The Ottawa River forms the border between Quebec and Ottawa, and on this cruise, you will sail down the water in leisure, observing the Victorian buildings that line the shores, as well as the expansive Canadian forest.
Please read the Cancellation and Refund Policy prior to booking your ticket.
In addition, there is a 6% handling fee.
Second time I take this tour - won't be the last! It is a simple way to show my Italian visitors Ottawa at a low cost and safe service.
After having a bad experience with a different travelling agency I was not very sure if I want to try again...but I was pleasantly surprised. This was a very well organized tour, a lot of things to see and very knowledgeable guide.
The Tour guide was very insistent in getting us to pay for optional attractions in the tour. The tour showed us some nice locations in/around Ottawa but the schedule needs to introduce some flexibility to allow people not eating lunch (at 11am, and in the middle of nowhere) to stay in the city and look around further. Unlike other tour companies the tour guide Kevin was not very knowledgeable, offering little information to/from and in Ottawa and also hard to understand. The driver was excellent, though.


text:
/*
 * DO NOT EDIT.  THIS FILE IS GENERATED FROM e:/builds/moz2_slave/rel-m-rel-xr-w32-bld/build/widget/nsIDragSession.idl
 */

#ifndef __gen_nsIDragSession_h__
#define __gen_nsIDragSession_h__

#ifndef __gen_nsISupports_h__
#include "nsISupports.h"
#endif

#ifndef __gen_nsISupportsArray_h__
#include "nsISupportsArray.h"
#endif

#ifndef __gen_nsITransferable_h__
#include "nsITransferable.h"
#endif

/* For IDL files that don't want to include root IDL files. */
#ifndef NS_NO_VTABLE
#define NS_NO_VTABLE
#endif
#include "nsSize.h"
class nsIDOMDocument; /* forward declaration */

class nsIDOMNode; /* forward declaration */

class nsIDOMDataTransfer; /* forward declaration */

/* starting interface:    nsIDragSession */
#define NS_IDRAGSESSION_IID_STR "fde41f6a-c710-46f8-a0a8-1ff76ca4ff57"

#define NS_IDRAGSESSION_IID \
  {0xfde41f6a, 0xc710, 0x46f8, \
    { 0xa0, 0xa8, 0x1f, 0xf7, 0x6c, 0xa4, 0xff, 0x57 }}

class NS_NO_VTABLE NS_SCRIPTABLE nsIDragSession : public nsISupports {
 public:

  NS_DECLARE_STATIC_IID_ACCESSOR(NS_IDRAGSESSION_IID)

  /* attribute boolean canDrop; */
  NS_SCRIPTABLE NS_IMETHOD GetCanDrop(bool *aCanDrop) = 0;
  NS_SCRIPTABLE NS_IMETHOD SetCanDrop(bool aCanDrop) = 0;

  /* attribute boolean onlyChromeDrop; */
  NS_SCRIPTABLE NS_IMETHOD GetOnlyChromeDrop(bool *aOnlyChromeDrop) = 0;
  NS_SCRIPTABLE NS_IMETHOD SetOnlyChromeDrop(bool aOnlyChromeDrop) = 0;

  /* attribute unsigned long dragAction; */
  NS_SCRIPTABLE NS_IMETHOD GetDragAction(PRUint32 *aDragAction) = 0;
  NS_SCRIPTABLE NS_IMETHOD SetDragAction(PRUint32 aDragAction) = 0;

  /* [noscript] attribute nsSize targetSize; */
  NS_IMETHOD GetTargetSize(nsSize *aTargetSize) = 0;
  NS_IMETHOD SetTargetSize(nsSize aTargetSize) = 0;

  /* readonly attribute unsigned long numDropItems; */
  NS_SCRIPTABLE NS_IMETHOD GetNumDropItems(PRUint32 *aNumDropItems) = 0;

  /* readonly attribute nsIDOMDocument sourceDocument; */
  NS_SCRIPTABLE NS_IMETHOD GetSourceDocument(nsIDOMDocument * *aSourceDocument) = 0;

  /* readonly attribute nsIDOMNode sourceNode; */
  NS_SCRIPTABLE NS_IMETHOD GetSourceNode(nsIDOMNode * *aSourceNode) = 0;

  /* attribute nsIDOMDataTransfer dataTransfer; */
  NS_SCRIPTABLE NS_IMETHOD GetDataTransfer(nsIDOMDataTransfer * *aDataTransfer) = 0;
  NS_SCRIPTABLE NS_IMETHOD SetDataTransfer(nsIDOMDataTransfer *aDataTransfer) = 0;

  /* void getData (in nsITransferable aTransferable, in unsigned long aItemIndex); */
  NS_SCRIPTABLE NS_IMETHOD GetData(nsITransferable *aTransferable, PRUint32 aItemIndex) = 0;

  /* boolean isDataFlavorSupported (in string aDataFlavor); */
  NS_SCRIPTABLE NS_IMETHOD IsDataFlavorSupported(const char * aDataFlavor, bool *_retval NS_OUTPARAM) = 0;

};

  NS_DEFINE_STATIC_IID_ACCESSOR(nsIDragSession, NS_IDRAGSESSION_IID)

/* Use this macro when declaring classes that implement this interface. */
#define NS_DECL_NSIDRAGSESSION \
  NS_SCRIPTABLE NS_IMETHOD GetCanDrop(bool *aCanDrop); \
  NS_SCRIPTABLE NS_IMETHOD SetCanDrop(bool aCanDrop); \
  NS_SCRIPTABLE NS_IMETHOD GetOnlyChromeDrop(bool *aOnlyChromeDrop); \
  NS_SCRIPTABLE NS_IMETHOD SetOnlyChromeDrop(bool aOnlyChromeDrop); \
  NS_SCRIPTABLE NS_IMETHOD GetDragAction(PRUint32 *aDragAction); \
  NS_SCRIPTABLE NS_IMETHOD SetDragAction(PRUint32 aDragAction); \
  NS_IMETHOD GetTargetSize(nsSize *aTargetSize); \
  NS_IMETHOD SetTargetSize(nsSize aTargetSize); \
  NS_SCRIPTABLE NS_IMETHOD GetNumDropItems(PRUint32 *aNumDropItems); \
  NS_SCRIPTABLE NS_IMETHOD GetSourceDocument(nsIDOMDocument * *aSourceDocument); \
  NS_SCRIPTABLE NS_IMETHOD GetSourceNode(nsIDOMNode * *aSourceNode); \
  NS_SCRIPTABLE NS_IMETHOD GetDataTransfer(nsIDOMDataTransfer * *aDataTransfer); \
  NS_SCRIPTABLE NS_IMETHOD SetDataTransfer(nsIDOMDataTransfer *aDataTransfer); \
  NS_SCRIPTABLE NS_IMETHOD GetData(nsITransferable *aTransferable, PRUint32 aItemIndex); \
  NS_SCRIPTABLE NS_IMETHOD IsDataFlavorSupported(const char * aDataFlavor, bool *_retval NS_OUTPARAM);

/* Use this macro to declare functions that forward the behavior of this interface to another object. */
#define NS_FORWARD_NSIDRAGSESSION(_to) \
  NS_SCRIPTABLE NS_IMETHOD GetCanDrop(bool *aCanDrop) { return _to GetCanDrop(aCanDrop); } \
  NS_SCRIPTABLE NS_IMETHOD SetCanDrop(bool aCanDrop) { return _to SetCanDrop(aCanDrop); } \
  NS_SCRIPTABLE NS_IMETHOD GetOnlyChromeDrop(bool *aOnlyChromeDrop) { return _to GetOnlyChromeDrop(aOnlyChromeDrop); } \
  NS_SCRIPTABLE NS_IMETHOD SetOnlyChromeDrop(bool aOnlyChromeDrop) { return _to SetOnlyChromeDrop(aOnlyChromeDrop); } \
  NS_SCRIPTABLE NS_IMETHOD GetDragAction(PRUint32 *aDragAction) { return _to GetDragAction(aDragAction); } \
  NS_SCRIPTABLE NS_IMETHOD SetDragAction(PRUint32 aDragAction) { return _to SetDragAction(aDragAction); } \
  NS_IMETHOD GetTargetSize(nsSize *aTargetSize) { return _to GetTargetSize(aTargetSize); } \
  NS_IMETHOD SetTargetSize(nsSize aTargetSize) { return _to SetTargetSize(aTargetSize); } \
  NS_SCRIPTABLE NS_IMETHOD GetNumDropItems(PRUint32 *aNumDropItems) { return _to GetNumDropItems(aNumDropItems); } \
  NS_SCRIPTABLE NS_IMETHOD GetSourceDocument(nsIDOMDocument * *aSourceDocument) { return _to GetSourceDocument(aSourceDocument); } \
  NS_SCRIPTABLE NS_IMETHOD GetSourceNode(nsIDOMNode * *aSourceNode) { return _to GetSourceNode(aSourceNode); } \
  NS_SCRIPTABLE NS_IMETHOD GetDataTransfer(nsIDOMDataTransfer * *aDataTransfer) { return _to GetDataTransfer(aDataTransfer); } \
  NS_SCRIPTABLE NS_IMETHOD SetDataTransfer(nsIDOMDataTransfer *aDataTransfer) { return _to SetDataTransfer(aDataTransfer); } \
  NS_SCRIPTABLE NS_IMETHOD GetData(nsITransferable *aTransferable, PRUint32 aItemIndex) { return _to GetData(aTransferable, aItemIndex); } \
  NS_SCRIPTABLE NS_IMETHOD IsDataFlavorSupported(const char * aDataFlavor, bool *_retval NS_OUTPARAM) { return _to IsDataFlavorSupported(aDataFlavor, _retval); }

/* Use this macro to declare functions that forward the behavior of this interface to another object in a safe way. */
#define NS_FORWARD_SAFE_NSIDRAGSESSION(_to) \
  NS_SCRIPTABLE NS_IMETHOD GetCanDrop(bool *aCanDrop) { return !_to ? NS_ERROR_NULL_POINTER : _to->GetCanDrop(aCanDrop); } \
  NS_SCRIPTABLE NS_IMETHOD SetCanDrop(bool aCanDrop) { return !_to ? NS_ERROR_NULL_POINTER : _to->SetCanDrop(aCanDrop); } \
  NS_SCRIPTABLE NS_IMETHOD GetOnlyChromeDrop(bool *aOnlyChromeDrop) { return !_to ? NS_ERROR_NULL_POINTER : _to->GetOnlyChromeDrop(aOnlyChromeDrop); } \
  NS_SCRIPTABLE NS_IMETHOD SetOnlyChromeDrop(bool aOnlyChromeDrop) { return !_to ? NS_ERROR_NULL_POINTER : _to->SetOnlyChromeDrop(aOnlyChromeDrop); } \
  NS_SCRIPTABLE NS_IMETHOD GetDragAction(PRUint32 *aDragAction) { return !_to ? NS_ERROR_NULL_POINTER : _to->GetDragAction(aDragAction); } \
  NS_SCRIPTABLE NS_IMETHOD SetDragAction(PRUint32 aDragAction) { return !_to ? NS_ERROR_NULL_POINTER : _to->SetDragAction(aDragAction); } \
  NS_IMETHOD GetTargetSize(nsSize *aTargetSize) { return !_to ? NS_ERROR_NULL_POINTER : _to->GetTargetSize(aTargetSize); } \
  NS_IMETHOD SetTargetSize(nsSize aTargetSize) { return !_to ? NS_ERROR_NULL_POINTER : _to->SetTargetSize(aTargetSize); } \
  NS_SCRIPTABLE NS_IMETHOD GetNumDropItems(PRUint32 *aNumDropItems) { return !_to ? NS_ERROR_NULL_POINTER : _to->GetNumDropItems(aNumDropItems); } \
  NS_SCRIPTABLE NS_IMETHOD GetSourceDocument(nsIDOMDocument * *aSourceDocument) { return !_to ? NS_ERROR_NULL_POINTER : _to->GetSourceDocument(aSourceDocument); } \
  NS_SCRIPTABLE NS_IMETHOD GetSourceNode(nsIDOMNode * *aSourceNode) { return !_to ? NS_ERROR_NULL_POINTER : _to->GetSourceNode(aSourceNode); } \
  NS_SCRIPTABLE NS_IMETHOD GetDataTransfer(nsIDOMDataTransfer * *aDataTransfer) { return !_to ? NS_ERROR_NULL_POINTER : _to->GetDataTransfer(aDataTransfer); } \
  NS_SCRIPTABLE NS_IMETHOD SetDataTransfer(nsIDOMDataTransfer *aDataTransfer) { return !_to ? NS_ERROR_NULL_POINTER : _to->SetDataTransfer(aDataTransfer); } \
  NS_SCRIPTABLE NS_IMETHOD GetData(nsITransferable *aTransferable, PRUint32 aItemIndex) { return !_to ? NS_ERROR_NULL_POINTER : _to->GetData(aTransferable, aItemIndex); } \
  NS_SCRIPTABLE NS_IMETHOD IsDataFlavorSupported(const char * aDataFlavor, bool *_retval NS_OUTPARAM) { return !_to ? NS_ERROR_NULL_POINTER : _to->IsDataFlavorSupported(aDataFlavor, _retval); }

#if 0
/* Use the code below as a template for the implementation class for this interface. */

/* Header file */
class nsDragSession : public nsIDragSession
{
public:
  NS_DECL_ISUPPORTS
  NS_DECL_NSIDRAGSESSION

  nsDragSession();

private:
  ~nsDragSession();

protected:
  /* additional members */
};

/* Implementation file */
NS_IMPL_ISUPPORTS1(nsDragSession, nsIDragSession)

nsDragSession::nsDragSession()
{
  /* member initializers and constructor code */
}

nsDragSession::~nsDragSession()
{
  /* destructor code */
}

/* attribute boolean canDrop; */
NS_IMETHODIMP nsDragSession::GetCanDrop(bool *aCanDrop)
{
    return NS_ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
}
NS_IMETHODIMP nsDragSession::SetCanDrop(bool aCanDrop)
{
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Russian Oil Import Ban Just a Distraction From Biden's Anti-Energy Policies
COMMENTARY Coal, Oil, Natural Gas
COMMENTARY BY
Katie Tubb
Research Fellow, Center for Energy, Climate, and Environment
Katie Tubb is a research fellow for energy and environmental issues at The Heritage Foundation.
A car refuels at a gas station in Weehawken New Jersey March 9, 2022 after President Biden announced banning all imports of oil and gas from Russia. Kena Betancur / VIEWpress / Getty Images
The administration continues to be unwilling to make the necessary policy changes for an import ban to be truly effective.
Biden has made it very clear that his administration intends to put the coal, oil, and perhaps even natural gas industries in America out of business.
The U.S. also needs to look to its allies to play their part: Europe must become an energy-producing region again.
President Joe Biden on Tuesday announced a nationwide ban on imports of Russian oil, coal, and natural gas, relenting to pressure to stand against Russia's unprovoked invasion of Ukraine.
Unfortunately, the administration is only projecting the appearance of a principled stand and continues to be unwilling to make the necessary policy changes for an import ban to be truly effective.
The president's decision came in the wake of proposed bipartisan legislation, political support from Democratic congressional leadership, public support, and the initiative of many companies to disassociate themselves with Russian products and markets.
If he didn't act, it's very likely Congress would have led the way instead.
Yet, the administration inexplicably has done little to change course in light of the current realities. While Biden made no secret of his anti-energy policy agenda from the first month of his presidency, the administration hasn't even pumped the brakes on regulations that will increase the cost of energy and block Americans' ability to use it.
Just in the past week, the administration has only doubled down to:
propose new climate standards to regulate conventional trucks out of existence.
decline to appeal a federal court decision vacating the only lease sale held on federal lands or waters (despite clear statutory direction from Congress to regularly hold sales).
propose any day now what some are calling "the biggest rule … the [Securities and Exchange Commission] has done in quite some time"; namely, mandating companies disclose greenhouse emissions from their entire supply chain.
While asking American energy companies for short-term increases in production to bail the administration out of political trouble, Biden has made it very clear that his administration intends to put the coal, oil, and perhaps even natural gas industries in America out of business.
The Biden administration is trying to single-handedly commit the U.S. to a centrally planned energy sector built around a narrow set of politically preferred, unproven energy technologies that the administration presumes are the solution to global warming.
But as the world has seen, Europe is paying a steep financial and political price for its policy choices over the years to curtail its own energy production and opt for Russian imports.
The only reason American families and businesses are not hurting more than they already are is because energy production is happening primarily on state and private lands—and in spite of Biden's anti-energy agenda.
When confronted with the incongruence of the Biden administration's policies relative to the energy realities on the ground, Biden and White House press secretary Jennifer Psaki have pointed to the existing leases energy companies have on federal lands and waters.
But this (at best) betrays a serious misunderstanding of how leasing, permitting, and energy production on federal lands and waters happens.
The administration continues to shift blame and recycle the tired argument that the solution isn't to use the energy resources we have, but to force a transition to politically preferred technologies.
Not only has that failed in the past, it is utterly unrealistic. The U.S. Energy Information Administration projects no scenario in which global demand for oil and natural gas do not increase through at least 2050, and for coal use to persist as an important source of energy globally.
Rather than call off the regulatory hounds on American energy producers, the administration is reportedly in discussions with Venezuela to access more energy. That's yet another consequence of a failed foreign policy approach in the Middle East, where the Biden administration burned bridges early on with Saudi Arabia.
In other words, Biden is considering trading the energy of one authoritarian, Russian President Vladimir Putin, for that of another, Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro. The latter's actions led the U.S. to impose sanctions in 2019 on Venezuela, which are still in effect.
Biden must change course and make the policy changes necessary to weaken Russia's influence in global energy markets. Not only is such a shift extremely popular—a recent poll showed 70% of Americans support energy production in the U.S.—but to do otherwise puts Biden in direct conflict with the well-being of Americans, who get nearly 80% of their energy from oil, natural gas, and coal.
The Biden administration needs to follow up words with real action: Call off the regulatory hounds and unleash the American energy sector—all of it.
This piece originally appeared in The Daily Signal
A Sorry Set of Anniversaries That Will Cost Americans
Do Chinese Donations Explain Biden's Energy Policies?
"Wokeness" at the Fed Could Easily Create Another Banking Crisis

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Martha's Vineyard Camp Meeting Association
Cottage Museum & Shop
Stay Here >
Rules for Renters
Grand Illumination
Sunset Concert Series
History Narrative
MVCMA Directors and Staff
Cottage Owner Info
History of the Campground
The MVCMA grew out of the religious "campmeeting" movement of the 19th century.
Boating on Lake Anthony,
Pump behind the Association Building,
Cottages on Clinton Avenue, circa 1875
The MVCMA was listed in the National Register of Historic Places on December 14, 1978, and was declared a National Historic Landmark on April 5, 2005. The Tabernacle was declared a Save America's Treasures project on July 28, 2000.
The grounds of the Martha's Vineyard Camp Meeting Association (MVCMA), formerly known as "Wesleyan Grove," are historically significant for several reasons: These include the carefully recorded historic connection with the religious "camp meeting" movement of the early 19th century, the unique layout of the grounds emulated by many post Civil War camp meeting sites, the original architectural form of the "Martha's Vineyard" cottages built between 1859-1880, the unique iron Tabernacle erected in 1879 and the area's remarkable state of preservation.
The MVCMA grew out of the religious camp meeting movement of the 19th century. The idea of holding camp meetings for religious purposes was first introduced by the Presbyterians with Baptists and Methodists taking part in the state of Kentucky, prior to 1820. The practice was soon followed by the Methodists in New England. Initially, these early meetings were temporary, lasting about a week and held at different locations each year. The living conditions were primitive. People slept in tents with straw spread on the ground or on a board floor with a blanket over them. The food was prepared a week in advance. The people brought with them what they needed, and took everything away again when they left. By the middle of the 19th century, the camp meetings became more permanently established and were held in particular locations over a series of years.
The first camp meeting on Cape Cod was held at Bound Brook, Wellfleet near the Truro line in 1819. Other early meetings were held at Falmouth and Sandwich. The Vineyard's first camp meeting was held at West Chop in 1827. The man responsible for this camp meeting was Rev. John "Reformation John" Adams. Jeremiah Pease, a staunch follower of Rev. Adams, was directly responsible for the beginning of the MVCMA.
In 1835, Jeremiah Pease gathered a group of six men from the Edgartown Methodist Church to inspect a place he had found in a "venerable grove of oaks," located on land which was part of William Butler's sheep pasture, for the purpose of holding a religious camp meeting. The original half-acre site was located in what was then the northern reaches of Edgartown township close to Nantucket Sound. The land sloped gently, embracing a fresh water lake and shelving onto a white beach. Bordering the grove was the sheep pasture. The site was cleared of underbrush and a driftwood shed erected for the preachers with a stand built onto its front to serve as a pulpit. In front of this was the usual arrangement of a temporary altar, consisting of a railing enclosing a space about 25 feet by 12 feet with benches to be used mainly by the singers during the preaching service and as a place for penitent sinners to gather. Beyond the altar were backless board benches and beyond them, arranged in a semi-circle, were the society or church tents.
The early camp meetings were serious business and children were not in attendance. They were dedicated to the salvation of human souls. Prayer meetings and preaching took place morning, noon and night. Growth was rapid during those early years. Wesleyan Grove grew to become one of the largest and best-known camp meeting sites in the country. From the nine society tents in 1835 and a five-year lease in 1838 growth soon resulted in 17 tents in 1839, 40 tents in 1842, 64 tents in 1847 and an 11-year lease in 1850, 100 tents in 1851 and 200 tents in 1855. By 1860 there were 500 tents of all kinds with 12,000 people attending the Sabbath and in 1868 the number of tents reached 570. At times there were several, and once as many as 36, prayer meetings in progress at the same time.
Until 1855 the camp meeting met for one week to ten days and was exclusively religious in purpose. Between 1855 and 1865 the camp meetings began to change in character. They continued to be religious in nature, but the participants also began to enjoy the benefit of the sea air and social interaction as they revived both spirit and body.
In 1841 tents (provisional, society and family) had begun to appear in other areas outside the main circle of tents. By 1855 there were 200 tents with only 50 of them being the large society or church tents. More and more family tents were established for the sake of "greater domesticity." Children began to attend prayer and church meetings. People began to stay for longer periods of time. Small wooden buildings were taking the place of the tents and many of the tents had floors and wooden uprights. Commercial enterprises (boarding tents, victualing tents, barbers, bootblacks, express companies, itinerant vendors, shops) began to appear to accommodate the needs of the many people who attended the camp meetings. Transportation services were expanded. More wells were dug. The Campground was taking on the characteristics of an organized and well-run community.
The present Association Office Building, was constructed in 1859 for less than $1,000. The building is 24 x 40 feet, 2 « stories high and has several areas which have been adapted to various needs over the years. These included a large storage room for stray baggage, a post office pro tem., an office for the Agent, storage room for lanterns and oil, lodging rooms for the Agent and music director, meeting rooms, tent storage, a choir practice area and a room to sell lanterns and souvenirs.
The original layout of Wesleyan Grove was a simple formation of a circle enclosing the preaching area and the society or church tents. In 1859 a road, now known as Trinity Circle, was built which encircled that area. In 1864, the Association purchased the 26 acres it had been renting. As the area continued to expand (additional grounds were purchased in 1866), it developed in a radial-concentric pattern which was little used in America at that time. Paths radiating from Trinity Circle led to smaller circles where large groups of tents had been located – County Park (Wesleyan Grove), Forest Circle, Washington Park (Victorian Park), Cottage Park Avenue (Cottage Park), Crystal Park (Vincent Park), Washington Avenue (Butler Avenue), Rural Circle and Clinton Avenue, which, at one time, had been the main entrance to the Campground. The smaller circles, some surrounded by larger circles, had small paths radiating from them leading to other circles or parks. The method of the grounds layout was an additive one of discrete neighborhood units, each built around small various shaped parks. Some street and park names (current names are in the brackets) have been changed for various reasons over the years.
Between 1859 and 1864 a new American building type, the "Martha's Vineyard" cottage, remarkable in its singularity in appearance and structure, was developed at Wesleyan Grove. The architectural form is unique and must be considered as an invention of local carpenters. There were about 40 cottages in 1864, 250 in 1869 and 500 by 1880. The number of cottages has decreased over the years as some were moved to other Oak Bluffs locations, some were joined together to form larger cottages and some fell into disrepair and were torn down. Today there are approximately 318 cottages remaining.
Most of the cottage owners were of moderate means and the cottages they built were small, costing somewhere between $150 to $600 each (the most expensive one was built at 10 Trinity Park by Governor Sprague of Rhode Island for a cost of $3,500), but the cottages probably would have been small anyway for they replaced the tents and were inspired by tents. They had the same size doors and they huddled together like the tents that preceded them.
The cottages are built of tent frame inspired construction with vertical tongue-in-groove random width long leaf yellow pine boards (one length from plate to rafters) which formed the interior and exterior walls. The short side of the two-story rectangular buildings faced toward the front. A wide double door centered on the first floor is reminiscent of both tent openings and church doors. To each side of the entry is a small narrow window. On the second level, under the 90 degree angle of the gable with its 45 degree roof pitch, another double door opens onto a balcony that projects over the entrance. The cottages were usually divided into two or three rooms on the ground floor with sleeping rooms above. The upstairs furniture was brought into the cottages through the upstairs double doors since the larger pieces could not be carried upstairs through the narrow stairways. The distinctive filigree was produced in a mill by carpenters, using the then recently invented band saw, located at the end of Old Mill Road close to the present location of the East Chop Beach Club. The porches and porch roofs were added in the 1880s.
In the year 1860 the name, Martha's Vineyard Camp-Meeting Association, was fixed in the articles of agreement and a formal association called the Board of Directors (21 members) was formed. On May 1, 1868, the MVCMA was made a corporation by act of the Senate and House of Representatives of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
In 1866 a group of gentlemen, under the name of the Oak Bluffs Land and Wharf Co., purchased the land between the MVCMA and the ocean for the purpose of developing the area as a summer resort. In the eyes of many of the people attending the camp meetings, this new group took on the form of the devil and a threat to the more serious nature of the camp meeting. In 1867, fearing irreligious contamination, the MVCMA erected a high picket fence (rebuilt in 1886) along the boundary between the Campground and this area. The fence was seven feet high and the gates were locked at night.
A mammoth tent was placed over the seats where the camp meetings were held for a cost of $3,000 in 1869. The great oaks had thinned out and the tent was needed for protection from the sun and rain. It was used for ten years until it was replaced by the Tabernacle.
The first Illumination Night was sponsored by the Oak Bluffs Land and Wharf Company in 1869. They called it Governor's Day in honor of the Governor of Massachusetts who was on hand for the fete. Everyone took part and there was no distinction between the resort and the Campground. Everyone tried to outdo one another in the display of Oriental lanterns and other forms of illumination. Today the event is centered within the Campground.
The first railroad on the Island had horse-drawn cars and was constructed in 1873 to facilitate the movement of people from Highland Wharf onto the Campground. Pieces of the track may still be seen in front of the Association Office building. The following year a steam propelled railroad was constructed to connect Oak Bluffs to Edgartown and Katama, and in 1895 an electric railway was built which ran from Vineyard Haven to Oak Bluffs.
The great Campground event of 1879 was the construction of the unique iron Tabernacle for a total cost of $7,147.84 by the firm Dwight and Hoyt of Springfield, Massachusetts. It was originally intended that the Tabernacle be built of wood but the bids exceeded the Board of Directors' ceiling of $7,200.00. The coffers of the MVCMA had been diminished by the building of the Methodist Church in 1878 for a cost of $7,748.09. When campgrounder J. W. Hoyt told the MVCMA Board that he could build a wrought iron Tabernacle for less than the cost of a wooden one, they approved the idea. By the time the plans were approved, it was already April of 1879. The Tabernacle was fabricated and assembled on site and the first service was held on July 26, 1879.
Topped by a large lighted cross since 1926, which towers above the town of Oak Bluffs, the MVCMA Tabernacle has become a "Beacon to All" across Nantucket Sound. Standing at the heart of the MVCMA grounds, it has been the hub of religious and cultural activities on the Vineyard for over a century. The iron Tabernacle is an extraordinary 19th century building and one of the few remaining examples of wrought iron structures created at the time. It is a product of the remarkable architectural design innovations and developments of that century. The soaring arches and unique construction of the Tabernacle make it one of the most artistic buildings in America.
The area combining the Campground and the growing resort was separated from Edgartown, over a disagreement about taxes, and was incorporated as Cottage City in 1880. It remained Cottage City until 1907 when the name was changed to Oak Bluffs.
In 1885 Grace Chapel was built for the women leaders of the Methodist Church to house their many and varied activities. Originally located at the west end of Trinity Park, it was later moved to its current location near the intersection of Trinity Circle and Fourth Avenue.
In 1890 the roads of the Campground were dug up and water pipes were laid throughout the grounds and by 1903 flush toilets and cesspools began to replace the existing privies which were condemned in 1911. Prior to the laying of water pipes, there were at least 10 wells and pumps at convenient points around the grounds. The roads were dug up, once again, in 2000 when most of the Campground was connected to the Oak Bluffs sewer system.
From the modest one-half acre site in a "venerable grove of oaks" selected by Jeremiah Pease in 1835, the MVCMA has grown to today's 34-acre parcel of land on which over 300 cottages, a Tabernacle, an Administration building, a church, a chapel, a maintenance building and several commercial buildings all equipped with the modern conveniences of today's world reside.
Over the years the MVCMA has become increasingly interdenominational. Whereas the MVCMA was established by Methodists, and, for much of its history, was governed exclusively by Methodists, it has always been an autonomous organization and was never formally affiliated with the New England Conference of the United Methodist Church. Historical records document the participation of many non-Methodists at the early camp meetings, both in the congregation and in the pulpit.
The Tabernacle continues to exist as a "Beacon to All" and continues to serve as a religious and cultural center for the residents of the Campground, Oak Bluffs and the Island itself. It is the largest venue on the Vineyard and, with its marvelous acoustics and beautiful setting, local groups, musical groups, individual performers, theater groups, choruses and even the Boston Pops Esplanade Orchestra find enthusiastic audiences. The MVCMA offers a wide variety of cultural and religious programs throughout the summer season (July and August).
The unique character of the Campground, a heritage from quite a different day, has been wonderfully preserved by the many generations of cottage owners. The boundaries of the Campground are clearly defined, enough to move some to say that when they enter the grounds it is like entering another world. To step into the Campground is to step back 100 years into a civil and indeed into a civilized way of living.
Information obtained from writings of:
Sally Dagnall, A. K. Lobeck, Douglas Thompson & Ellen Weiss
Photos courtesy Douglas Thompson and Peter Jones
80 Trinity Park Oak Bluffs, MA 02557
Tel: 508-693-0525 x 10 Fax: 508-696-8661
PROGRAMMING & SPECIAL EVENTS
Oak Bluffs, MA 02557
Sept 1 - June 30
July 1 - August 31
Sat. 9 AM - 1 2 PM (June - August only)
Many images on website by Vici Surr


UTA's free fare day has its pros and cons.
Yeah, yeah, the Koch brothers.
Inside a veteran organization that focuses on mental healing through recreation.
I now get email from the president.
New Year's alternatives to the same ol' bubbly wines.
Brio Bar Bites, The Swedish Lodge and more.
We're back—this time asking local musicians about the new year.
Rylee McDonald, Bumblefoot, Robert Randolph & the Family Band, Crook and The Bluff and more.
The best films of 2017, unranked and unforgettable.
Horoscopes for December 28-January 3.


I was a baker long before I was a cook for many reasons, most of them having to do with sugar.
Baking is a precision art. It doesn't take rocket science to get the measurements correct, but being sure to mix the correct ingredients together and at the exact right moment for the exact right amount of time can be super crucial to the success of any baking venture.
Today I am going to share something classic and scrumptious, as well as some tips to help with common baking problems. I hope you enjoy!
In a stand mixer, cream the butter and sugars together.
Mix in the eggs and vanilla until fully incorporated.
In a separate bowl, mix the flour, baking soda and salt, then gradually add to the butter/sugar mixture.
Spoon onto an ungreased cookie sheet and bake at 350 degrees for 10 minutes, or until the edges turn light brown.
When it comes to butter, unless a recipe specifically states to use cold or melted butter, you should soften your butter. Put it on the counter for an hour, or if you live in a hot climate like I do in Arizona, just set it in the shade outside for like…five minutes and your butter will be nice and soft.
I don't recommend using a microwave or the residual heat of the oven to soften butter, because if it starts to melt, the texture of your baked goods will change and they won't bake correctly.
Cream butter and sugar for a good five minutes on a medium-high setting. This ensures that the butter and sugar are fully incorporated and the texture is light and fluffy. It almost looks like frosting. But don't eat it, cause it won't taste like frosting. I did that the other day when I made frosting with shortening. I went to take a little taste but accidentally grabbed a chunk of shortening that didn't make it in the mix. I felt my heart die a little.
Beat in eggs one at a time, until each is fully incorporated into the mixture. I don't really know why, but baked goods seem to come out better when I do eggs one at a time. I have friends and family who say the same thing. If someone knows why, please tell me. Otherwise, just trust that you should do it one egg at a time.
Mix all the dry ingredients together before adding it to an unfinished batter. This helps prevent weird clumps of baking soda ending up in one cookie while another cookie tastes like a salt-lick.
Though I do enjoy my salt-licks. Just not in my sugary goodies.
Mix them into the batter only until just absorbed fully by the mixture. This is so important. Of all the tips, this is the one to remember. Never ever ever over-mix your batter when you add the flour. If you mix it too many times, your cakes will be dry, you cookies hard. No one likes dry and hard treats when they are meant to be light, fluffy, airy, soft and all manner of delicate and delicious. Hard and dry is gross. Gross I tell you.
Do you have tips that I've missed? I'd love to hear them!
Otherwise, go bake up some cookie goodness and get eatin'.
He will have so much fun with you!


An administrative assistant needs to have a lot of exceptional qualities in order to rise above the realm of mediocrity. While anyone can theoretically be called an admin, there are certain qualities that will make one person great at it and another mediocre on their best day. While the traits of a good worker apply to almost anything, being an administrative assistant is a special kind of job that demands a few special traits. The following are a few such traits.
Some people say that the devil is in the details, and they're right. When you focus on the big picture, as many executives are forced to do most of the time, it's easy to gloss over a multitude of tiny details. These go way beyond where you left your keys and what you take in your coffee, and a solid admin needs to be spot on with lots of things. When it comes to filling in the gaps in a higher-up's thought process, a great assistant can finish another person's sentences before the person has even started them. A great way to spot an exceptional admin is to do the dishes with them.
So you're working with someone in Jakarta, and they're 8 hours ahead of you. What do you do? If you're like a lot of people, you'll "toss them an email" or "add them on Skype." But an exceptional admin will do several things, including finding out when their client's most productive time of day is and temporarily adjusting to that. If it means being up and alert at 3 am, so be it. A great admin makes results instead of excuses.
While everybody loses things from time to time, a great administrative assistant has a detailed system in place for both keeping what needs to be kept and accessing it in a hurry. After all, one never knows when the boss is going to race into the room needing something very urgently. Just like in the realm of military operations or self defense, during a high stress situation people fall back on the lowest common denominator of their training. If this training is solid, the admin will have everything ready in case their boss gets into a fight or flight mode... and will be cool as a cucumber in the freezer when everybody else is all but freaking out. A great admin earns ten times what they're paid, simply for keeping everyone else's work going from behind.
Haitian Alliance Associates Group INC. Haag is a christian humanitarian relief organization whose purpose is to glorify God by enabling the church to avance to gospel of Jesus-Christ to the needy and to minister to members of God's family, haag the mission of operation is to demonstrate God's love by alleviating human need and suffering in the country of Haiti pour aider les enfants ayant des difficultes metrices, interllectuelles, comportementals et socialles, (1) by providing humanitarian relief free of charge to people working with the poor in the Haiti. (going) our vision to create a world where every person has the opportunity to build a better future for themselves. (growing) by offering churches, youth groups organizations and individuals opportunity to grow God's kingdom through local evangelism and discipleship ministries to the needy and through a variety of volunteers positions enabling the church to be the hands and feet of Christ to the poor to encourage and motivate Christians to get out of the pave and go to the poor, as mentioned above our organization provides three basic venues may impact the needy for Christ we'll restore the true spirit of education to society nutrition and hope for a future to providing hope to to orphaned children, adults and families vulnerable in our definition for more inf: please call us at 860-710-2772 or 860 886-0787 1509-3657-7524 # ein or 501(c3) right now the insecurity terrible in Haiti cause the elections in Haiti our organization we looking the way to bring foods to our families and children in Haiti.Also we have a plan for the energy for our country to stop everything because no electricity lack children can't study cause the energy, we do have a plan for that will be working in the country. Our ambitious targets to end extreme poverty, fight inequality & injustice & fix for everyone by 2020 to ensure the health, safety and future for everyone. My long-term, food security solution hunger is a very real enemy for so many people world wide children are especially at risk as hunger can lead to sickness malnutrition and even death. Haag we have a especial plan truckload of food and relief everyday and also by providing feeding programs in schools, seed banks for families facing famine and community that provide malnourished children please join operation food banks and become part of the fight to end hunger in Haiti and bring hope to the hurting today to bring relief when and where it's needed most. The mission of action against hunger is to save lives by eliminating hunger through the prevention detection and treatment of malnutrition, water and sanitation, health and advocacy. I put my faith in action through advocacy become a voice for those who can't speak for themselves. We are advocates for children in poverty, for children to release from their spiritual, social and physical, poverty and enable them to become responsible and fulfilled christian adults if this touches your heart and you' like to contribute to our work please donate, our mission of creating a culture we can find the solution needed to avoid global calamity and create a world of health, and working with local non-governmental to bring a message of hope to children and youth in 10 dept of Haiti. Haitian Alliance Associates Group INC. Haag is a christian humanitarian relief organization whose purpose is to glorify God by enabling the church to avance to gospel of Jesus-Christ to the needy and to minister to members of God's family, haag the mission of operation is to demonstrate God's love by alleviating human need and suffering in the country of Haiti pour aider les enfants ayant des difficultes metrices, interllectuelles, comportementals et socialles, (1) by providing humanitarian relief free of charge to people working with the poor in the Haiti. (going) our vision to create a world where every person has the opportunity to build a better future for themselves. (growing) by offering churches, youth groups organizations and individuals opportunity to grow God's kingdom through local evangelism and discipleship ministries to the needy and through a variety of volunteers positions enabling the church to be the hands and feet of Christ to the poor to encourage and motivate Christians to get out of the pave and go to the poor, as mentioned above our organization provides three basic venues may impact the needy for Christ we'll restore the true spirit of education to society nutrition and hope for a future to providing hope to to orphaned children, adults and families vulnerable in our definition for more inf: please call us at 860-710-2772 or 860 886-0787 1509-3657-7524 # ein or 501(c3) right now the insecurity terrible in Haiti cause the elections in Haiti our organization we looking the way to bring foods to our families and children in Haiti.Also we have a plan for the energy for our country to stop everything because no electricity lack children can't study cause the energy, we do have a plan for that will be working in the country. Our ambitious targets to end extreme poverty, fight inequality & injustice & fix for everyone by 2020 to ensure the health, safety and future for everyone. My long-term, food security solution hunger is a very real enemy for so many people world wide children are especially at risk as hunger can lead to sickness malnutrition and even death. Haag we have a especial plan truckload of food and relief everyday and also by providing feeding programs in schools, seed banks for families facing famine and community that provide malnourished children please join operation food banks and become part of the fight to end hunger in Haiti and bring hope to the hurting today to bring relief when and where it's needed most. The mission of action against hunger is to save lives by eliminating hunger through the prevention detection and treatment of malnutrition, water and sanitation, health and advocacy. I put my faith in action through advocacy become a voice for those who can't speak for themselves. We are advocates for children in poverty, for children to release from their spiritual, social and physical, poverty and enable them to become responsible and fulfilled christian adults if this touches your heart and you' like to contribute to our work please donate, our mission of creating a culture we can find the solution needed to avoid global calamity and create a world of health, and working with local non-governmental to bring a message of hope to children and youth in 10 dept of Haiti. Haitian Alliance Associates Group INC. Haag is a christian humanitarian relief organization whose purpose is to glorify God by enabling the church to avance to gospel of Jesus-Christ to the needy and to minister to members of God's family, haag the mission of operation is to demonstrate God's love by alleviating human need and suffering in the country of Haiti pour aider les enfants ayant des difficultes metrices, interllectuelles, comportementals et socialles, (1) by providing humanitarian relief free of charge to people working with the poor in the Haiti. (going) our vision to create a world where every person has the opportunity to build a better future for themselves. (growing) by offering churches, youth groups organizations and individuals opportunity to grow God's kingdom through local evangelism and discipleship ministries to the needy and through a variety of volunteers positions enabling the church to be the hands and feet of Christ to the poor to encourage and motivate Christians to get out of the pave and go to the poor, as mentioned above our organization provides three basic venues may impact the needy for Christ we'll restore the true spirit of education to society nutrition and hope for a future to providing hope to to orphaned children, adults and families vulnerable in our definition for more inf: please call us at 860-710-2772 or 860 886-0787 1509-3657-7524 # ein or 501(c3) right now the insecurity terrible in Haiti cause the elections in Haiti our organization we looking the way to bring foods to our families and children in Haiti.Also we have a plan for the energy for our country to stop everything because no electricity lack children can't study cause the energy, we do have a plan for that will be working in the country. Our ambitious targets to end extreme poverty, fight inequality & injustice & fix for everyone by 2020 to ensure the health, safety and future for everyone. My long-term, food security solution hunger is a very real enemy for so many people world wide children are especially at risk as hunger can lead to sickness malnutrition and even death. Haag we have a especial plan truckload of food and relief everyday and also by providing feeding programs in schools, seed banks for families facing famine and community that provide malnourished children please join operation food banks and become part of the fight to end hunger in Haiti and bring hope to the hurting today to bring relief when and where it's needed most. The mission of action against hunger is to save lives by eliminating hunger through the prevention detection and treatment of malnutrition, water and sanitation, health and advocacy. I put my faith in action through advocacy become a voice for those who can't speak for themselves. We are advocates for children in poverty, for children to release from their spiritual, social and physical, poverty and enable them to become responsible and fulfilled christian adults if this touches your heart and you' like to contribute to our work please donate, our mission of creating a culture we can find the solution needed to avoid global calamity and create a world of health, and working with local non-governmental to bring a message of hope to children and youth in 10 dept of Haiti.