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Rubus bifrons (2) + -
Blue carbon dynamics across the Metro Vancouver region
This research project aims to assess the carbon sequestration dynamics of three tidal marshes under different environmental conditions in the Metro Vancouver region. By identifying the site conditions that influence carbon sequestration, areas can be prioritized, and restoration activities can be adapted to increase or maintains the marsh's ability to do so. This project was done in partnership with Parks Canada and will contribute to a larger study of 'blue carbon' across British Columbia. For this project, I collected sediment cores from the eastern portion of Boundary Bay in Delta, BC, Brunswick Point in Ladner, BC, and a constructed salt marsh in Tsawwassen, BC, to assess soil carbon content and carbon stocks. Porewater salinity, vegetation data and depth measurements were collected at these sites as well. Percent carbon content ranged between 3.98 ± 1.48% and 5.78 ± 5.93% between the three marshes and the marsh carbon stock ranged between 93.95 Mg C and 2,994.51 Mg C. Across the three marshes, core carbon stock for the high marsh cores was found to be significantly higher than the core carbon stock for the low marsh cores, suggesting that marsh zonation influences carbon stock. The data analysis and literature review determined that vegetation and porewater salinity had the greatest influence on a marsh's ability to sequester and store carbon. The results indicate that the high marsh with low salinities and a diverse plant community have the highest carbon sequestration potential. As marshes with conditions similar to that of the Boundary Bay marsh as well as polyhaline marshes should be prioritized for restoration. These findings will aid in the development and implementation of restoration projects to increase a marsh's ability to sequester carbon., blue carbon, tidal marsh, carbon stock, British Columbia, coastal management, restoration, marsh restoration
Breeding waterfowl use of restored wetlands in the Cariboo region of British Columbia
This study investigated effects of wetland size and emergent vegetation cover on breeding waterfowl and young at 12 restored wetlands in the Cariboo region of British Columbia. Repeated ground surveys were conducted throughout summer 2019 to determine total abundance, density and species richness of waterfowl. Surveyed wetlands varied in size and emergent cover. Large (16-19 ha) wetlands had greater breeding total abundance and lower breeding and brood densities than smaller wetlands. Total abundance of breeding waterfowl and young were highest when wetlands had less than 60% emergent cover. Previous studies suggest that high densities of waterfowl decrease young survival. Restorations created to benefit several species of breeding waterfowl may want to restore wetlands that are large (>16 ha) and have less than 30% emergent vegetation cover. These wetlands had higher total abundances and lower densities than other categories studied, however, certain species may depend on smaller wetlands which should be researched further., Cariboo region, wetland restoration, breeding waterfowl, emergent vegetation
A climate adaptation plan: Identifying thermal refugia for salmonids in the Tsolum River
Stream temperatures in the Pacific Northwest are increasing due to climate change, resulting in thermal stress for salmonids. Groundwater is a cooler source of water into streams, providing thermal refugia. The goal of this Applied Research Project was to identify groundwater input areas in the Tsolum River, using temperature loggers to trace the thermal signal of groundwater. A total of 28 water temperature loggers and 2 air temperature loggers were deployed within the watershed in the summer of 2019. Results showed that 12 sites may be influenced by groundwater input. Restoration/management actions such as riparian planting, gravel bar live staking, and restrictions on groundwater withdrawal are recommended to decrease stream temperatures. This study demonstrated that temperature loggers can be deployed within streams to identify areas of groundwater input. The identification of thermal refugia within the Tsolum River and other salmonid-bearing streams will help to protect salmonids from climate change impacts., climate adaptation, thermal refugia, Tsolum River, groundwater
Comparing soil nematode composition in bluebunch wheatgrass P. spicata root to the occurrence of invasive plants C. stoebe and L. dalmatica
The viability of native bunchgrass ecosystems throughout the PPxh BEC subzone and in Kenna Cartwright Park (KCP) in Kamloops B.C. are under threat by invasive plants. Once established, invasive plants are difficult to eradicate and can predominate the landscape. I collected soil samples from a relatively undisturbed bunchgrass reference site composed of native bluebunch wheatgrass (Pseudoroegneria spicata), and I collected soil samples from a bunchgrass site occupied by the invasive plants, spotted knapweed (Centaurea stoebe) and dalmatian toadflax (Linaria dalmatica), to compare the soil nematode communities. My results reveal differences in the community-level biodiversity and abundance of soil nematodes between sites. The Maturity Index and the Plant Parasitic Index indicate that the native bunchgrass site had a "Structured" soil food web and that the site occupied by invasive plants had a "Basal" soil food web. My results indicate soil nematodes are useful as bioindicators of soil properties and these data provide useful criteria to help prioritize sites for ecological restoration., Nematology, Invasive plants, Pseudoroegneria spicata, Biological indicators, Ecological restoration
Eco-cultural restoration of wetlands at Tl'chés (Chatham Islands), British Columbia, Canada
My research project examined the restoration possibilities for two culturally important wetland ecosystems at Tl'chés (Chatham Islands, British Columbia, Canada). The first wetland is a sacred bathing pool and holds cultural significance, the second is a remnant silverweed and springbank clover (Potentilla anserine ssp. pacifica and Trifollium wormskjoldii) root garden. These wetlands are necessary ecosystems for the wildlife on Tl'chés as wetlands are rare, but also an integral part of Songhees' cultural practices. My work was done at the invitation from elder Súlhlima (Joan Morris) who was one of the last resident of the islands and retains hereditary rights there, and Songhees Chief Ron Sam and band council. The goal of my project was to develop a restoration plan to restore the wetlands to pre-abandonment conditions, so cultural practices can continue, and to benefit the islands native plant and animal species. The project highlights the value of combining traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) and traditional resource and environmental management (TREM) practices with ecological restoration., Eco-cultural restoration, wetland ecosystems, traditional ecological knowledge (TEK), traditional resource and environmental management (TREM), estuarine root gardens, Songhees First Nation
Ecological restoration options for Clear Lake and South Lake (Riding Mountain National Park), Manitoba
Options for ecological restoration are discussed for the Clear Lake – South Lake complex of Riding Mountain National Park, Manitoba. This project consisted of a) a review of studies conducted on Clear Lake and South Lake and b) a stream water quality sampling program. The review of previous studies was to gain an in-depth understanding of historical processes which shaped Clear Lake and South Lake. Previous condition, current condition and ecological stressors are all identified based on literature from Riding Mountain National Park. The stream water quality sampling program identifies major sources of nutrients into Clear Lake. Ecological restoration options pertain specifically to the Clear Lake – South Lake complex. South Lake restoration options include supplemental planting, dredging and chemical treatments. A novel technique designed to disrupt wind driven nutrient loading is also discussed. These methods are designed to return the South Basin to a macrophyte dominated system. Addressing hypolimnetic oxygen deficiency, two forms of hypolimnetic aeration are discussed to improve water quality in Clear Lake including a 'Full lift' design as well as a Speece Cone. Three options regarding the isthmus and connectivity between Clear Lake and South Lake are examined including a fishway installation and a wattle fence installation.
An ecological restoration plan for a weedy field at the University of British Columbia Okanagan
Grassland ecosystems are rare, in decline, and support a multitude of at-risk species in British Columbia. At the University of British Columbia Okanagan in Kelowna BC, a 3.3 ha site at the entrance of the campus is outlined as Okanagan grassland in campus design plans but currently lacks native bunchgrass communities. The goal of this restoration plan is to return grassland plant communities to the site despite the pervasiveness of noxious weeds. I characterised site conditions through soil and vegetation surveys. Restoration recommendations include managing noxious weeds through mowing, hand-pulling and some herbicide application. The site will be replanted with bunchgrass vegetation, two pockets of ponderosa forest, and two types of shrub communities. A walking path, signage, and two xeriscape gardens will also be included to control human use of the landscape. Long-term monitoring will be incorporated into classroom curricula to tie monitoring to learning opportunities., Grassland, exotic plants, Noxious weeds, urban restoration, restoration plan
The effect of mowing and hand removal on the regrowth rate of Himalayan blackberry (Rubus armeniacus)
Himalayan blackberry (Rubus armeniacus Focke) is an invasive species in the Pacific Northwest. Mowing and hand removal are two of the common treatments used for controlling Himalayan blackberry. I examined the effectiveness of mowing, hand removal, and control treatments by measuring the mean number of stem and mean stem length during a growing season. Treatments were applied on March 2017. Bi-weekly sampling was from April to August 2017. Data were analyzed with a two-factor split-plot Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test. The overall trend showed no statistically significant difference between mowing and hand removal treatments in one growing season. Integrated treatments (e.g. mowing + hand removal + planting) are recommended to be used to effectively reduce Himalayan blackberry cover because one removal treatment showed to be insufficient to eliminate Himalayan blackberry., Himalayan blackberry
The effect of nitrogen fertilization on the physiology and morphology of Sphagnum capillifolium in an ombrotrophic bog
Degraded peatlands release 100-200 g-CO2 eqv. m-2 yr-1 in net emissions and account for more than 10% of global CO2 emissions. The success of bog restoration is dependent on creating suitable moisture conditions for the donor material to establish, propagate, and develop a new layer of Sphagnum that has hydrophysical and water retention properties similar to natural peatlands. Techniques to improve moisture retention during the transplant process and increase water holding capability of the restored Sphagnum layer have been identified as an area of bog restoration that requires more research. Samples were collected from plots fertilized with six different nitrogen treatments at Mer Bleue Bog in Ottawa, Canada. Net CO2 assimilation, fresh weight, dry weight, water content, and dissolved nutrient measurements were made to determine the potential effectiveness of incorporating nitrogen fertilization into the North American approach to peatland restoration. High levels of nitrogen fertilization exerted deleterious effects on individual morphology, growth density, water holding and retention capacity, CO2 assimilation, and nutrient dynamics and decomposition. Fertilization with 1.6 g m-2 yr-1 of ammonium has the potential to ameliorate water retention capacity through more robust individual morphology and denser growth patterns and increases carbon assimilation and photosynthetic capacity. The results indicate integrating low levels of ammonium fertilization into bog restoration techniques can potentially increase restoration success., water content, carbon dioxide assimilation, growth density, peatland restoration, ammonium, nitrate
The effect of prescribed burns on soil characteristics and plant communities in Garry Oak ecosystems. A case study on a three-year post-burn site on Tumbo Island, Gulf Islands National Park Reserve
This research project evaluates the outcomes of returning prescribed fire to endangered Garry oak meadows as a restoration treatment. This project was done in partnership with Parks Canada and involved a case study on a three-year post-burn site on Tumbo Island in the Gulf Islands National Park Reserve. Soil chemical properties were analyzed three years post burn in the summer of 2019 and compared to pre and post-burn vegetation survey results. Analysis identified beneficial changes in soil chemistry still present three years post treatment. Invasive species occurrences increased across the site, regardless of treatment, and around half of the invasive species occurrences were recorded on burn treatments areas in 2018. Prescribed burns on shallow soil Garry oak meadow sites showed beneficial outcomes for soil chemistry, reduced conifer encroachment, increased diversity and Arbutus (Arbutus menziesii) seedling recruitment. These findings aid in determining restoration plans for shallow soil Garry oak meadows, highlighting the numerous benefits from prescribed fire, while also suggesting that additional treatments in conjunction with prescribed fire will be needed to control invasive plants when planning to restore these ecosystems., shallow soil, Garry oak meadows, restoration, prescribed fire, soil nutrients, invasive plant species
The effect of time-since-burning and hand-pulling on the growth and stem density of Centaurea stoebe and Linaria dalmatica
Prescribed burning and hand-pulling are used to manage invasive plants but treatments can deferentially affect species. My objective is to determine the effect of time-since-burning and hand-pulling on stem density and growth of Centaurea stoebe (spotted knapweed) and Linaria dalmatica (Dalmatian toadflax). Prescribed burns occurred in March 2015 and 2016, while hand-pulling occurred in April and May of 2017. I conducted vegetation surveys in May, June, and July 2017. Growth rates differed among treatments and by species. Centaurea stoebe was not detected in the prescribed burn treatments. Hand-pulling increased stem density of C. stoebe, but individuals were smaller and 60% remained as basal rosettes compared to control. Linaria dalmatica were significantly taller in the burn treatments, and the stem density of L. dalmatica was greater in the prescribed burn and hand-pull treatments compared to control. The tallest L. dalmatica occurred in the 2-year post-burn site, indicating a time-since-burning interaction., invasive plants, prescribed burning, hand-pulling, Cetaurea stoebe, Linaria dalmatica
The effect of vegetation structure and abiotic variables on oviposition-site selection by amphibians
Assessing restoration success for pond-breeding amphibians frequently focuses on hydrology, water quality and vegetation, while neglecting the requirements of amphibians that use the restored areas for breeding. Both biotic and abiotic conditions can influence oviposition-site selection of amphibians that do not provide parental care. This study examines how vegetation structure and abiotic variables affect oviposition-site selection by amphibians. The goal of my study was to better understand the requirements of pond-breeding amphibians. In 2017, I surveyed egg masses in four ponds at the Sunshine Coast Botanical Garden in Sechelt, B.C. I identified 667 egg masses of four native amphibian species that varied in abundance and species richness among ponds. I recorded five biotic variables (i.e., vegetation cover, vegetation type, stem density, stem diameter, and canopy closure) and two abiotic variables (i.e., water depth and solar radiation) at egg-mass sites and random sites where no egg masses were detected. Logistic regression analysis with backward elimination revealed that stem count (p = 0.008) and water depth (p = 0.0001) significantly influenced oviposition-site selection. The results also showed that higher stem density and shallower water depth increased the likelihood of egg masses being present. My study indicated that quantifying stems in the water column characterized vegetation density better than estimating percent cover of vegetation. Shallow areas that have structurally complex vegetation might provide an advantage for the offspring by increasing refuge, food resources, and favourable thermal conditions for egg development. Hence, restoration projects could incorporate vegetation structure and shallow areas in their pond designs to potentially increase the abundance and diversity of amphibian communities, thereby contributing to successful restoration projects., ecological restoration, amphibians, oviposition, Rana aurora, Pseudacris regilla, Ambystoma gracile, Amystoma macrodactylum, vegetation structure, abiotic variables


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Back To Daft
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Published on April 10th, 2018 | by Martin Clancy
Renters pay on average 17% more to live close to the DART & Luas
Rents for properties close to DART stations and Luas stops rose by 3% to an average of €1,770 per month in the first three months of 2018, according to new research from Daft.ie.
View the full map here.
This means that renters living close to Dublin's light rail network are now paying a premium of €3,360 per year (17%) compared to the average rent for Dublin.
Ireland's No.1 Property website has today launched their Q1 2018 DART & Luas stop-by-stop rental price maps, sponsored by KBC. The research which led to the creation of these maps analysed the average rental prices for one and two bedroom properties close to (controlling for time, size and type) each of the 125 stops & stations in the Greater Dublin Area for the period between April 2017 and March 2018.
Commuters living on the Dublin coastline pay on average the most, with rents close to the Sandymount DART averaging €2,282 per month. Renters close to the Sandymount DART (the most expensive station to live by) pay on average double (€2,282) than those living by the Cheeverstown Luas (€1,056) which has the least expensive rents on these new maps.
Rents near DART stations are among the most expensive analysed with Pearse (€2,226), Lansdowne Road (€2,175) and Dalkey (€2,205) accounting for four of the top five most expensive stations to live by, on the new maps produced by Daft.ie.
On the Luas, homes close to Spencer Dock on the red line command the highest average rents (€2,260), while those living close to the Charlemont stop (€2,091) pay most on the Luas green line.
Daft.ie also analysed the average rents for each stop on the Luas cross-city green line, which opened in December. Properties close to the new Dominick stop came out on top, with average monthly rents of €1,894.
Commenting on the figures, Ronan Lyons,economist at Trinity College Dublin said, "The increase seen in the cross-city Luas stations between Q4 2017 and Q1 2018 is similar to the rest of the city for rents, with both rising on average 3% in the same period. Given the service only started operating at the end of 2017, this shows that when estimating the effect of investments like the cross-city Luas, it is important to factor in anticipation effects, that is, sale or rental prices rising ahead of a new amenity opening up in an area. Based on this data, it appears that the rental market on the Luas green line has now adjusted to the new service."
Commenting on the data; Martin Clancy from Daft.ie said: "Commuters living close to Dublin's DART stations are now paying €1,810 on average each month – in contrast, the average rent by a red Luas stop is now €1,652 while it costs €1,797 for those close to the green Luas line."
Over 1,000 property searches are carried out on Daft.ie every minute.
Most expensive (All Stops & Stations)
Sandymount – €2,282
Spencer Dock – €2,260
Pearse – €2,226
Dalkey – €2,205
Lansdowne Road – €2,175
Most expensive (LUAS Green Line)
Charlemont – €2,091
Central Park – €2,031
St. Stephen's Green – €2,010
Milltown – €2,008
Cowper – €2,007
Most expensive (LUAS Red Line)
Mayor Sq – NCI – €2,094
Jervis – €2,052
George's Dock – €2,035
Four Courts – €1,966
Most expensive (DART)
Grand Canal Dock – €2,145
The figures shown are average rental prices for 1 &2 bed properties controlling for time, size and type for each of the stations on the Luas & DART lines. The sample of properties for rent comes from the period between April 2017 and March 2018.
Martin Clancy
The value of all Irish residential property is now €519 Billion. →
RENTERS PAY 15% MORE TO LIVE BY LUAS OR DART →
Dublin Home Buyers Continue to Pay High Premium for Convenience →
Housing and the market →

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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The Investor's Legal Forecast for 2012: The Weather Looks Good
Jake Zamansky Contributor
Advisor Network
I write about securities law
Santa came early for investors this Christmas, and it looks like the gift he left may be a durable one.
The fat, jolly guy bedecked in red left a welcome present for clients wronged by Wall Street, in the form of a New York Court of Appeals decision. Issued December 20, the decision reversed decades of precedent handed down by state and federal courts that prevented clients from suing investment firms in New York state court.
The case involves the all-important Martin Act, a New York statute that Eliot Spitzer infamously used to wail on investment banks like Merrill Lynch almost a decade ago.
The Court says that the Martin Act does not eliminate investors' common-law claims against securities firms.
But why was the issue even before the court? Because one of those investment banks, J.P. Morgan, had argued in a lawsuit that the Martin Act gives the attorney general exclusive authority over fraudulent securities and investment practices.
Prior to this ruling, numerous courts had dismissed investors' lawsuits, deciding that the Martin Act prohibited them.
The decision, advocated by New York Attorney General Eric Schneiderman, paves the way for investors to sue banks and other financial institutions for fraud and misconduct under state law.
The client of J.P. Morgan Investment Management, Assured Guaranty (UK) Ltd., can go ahead with its lawsuit. It's a little tricky to follow, but Assured claims a breach of fiduciary duty and gross negligence, alleging J.P. Morgan bought risky mortgage-backed securities while committing to a conservative investment policy for a reinsurance company whose obligations Assured guaranteed.
And beyond the Martin Act decision, recent developments in other cases should leave investors feeling good about 2012.
A number of courts have recently ruled that financial institutions may be held responsible for their role in facilitating or failing to detect Ponzi schemes that victimize their customers. This could herald the reversal of a recent trend insulating IRA custodians and banks from liability for their negligence and facilitation of these criminal schemes. The Second Circuit will hear oral argument this week on a $400-million case against Bank of America along these lines.
A New York federal court has upheld two massive class actions against Citigroup on behalf of shareholders and bondholders who were misled by Citigroup's false statements concerning its exposure to toxic mortgage debt. This may well mean that banks will be held accountable to investors for their misconduct and, indirectly, for their role in triggering the global financial crisis.
New York federal Judge Rakoff in a highly publicized case recently rejected a proposed $285 million settlement between the SEC and Citigroup concerning the bank's misdeeds in creating residential mortgage-backed securities, selling them to its customers, then betting against the securities for their own account. Judge Rakoff is holding both the SEC's and Citigroup's feet to the fire and set a trial date for the summer of 2012. If the case goes to trial, expect explosive evidence to see the light of day that would otherwise have been hidden from view. Such evidence could prove devastating to Citigroup's defense of private litigations by small investors on these same subjects.
So there you have it, a pretty fair legal outlook after years of turmoil in the markets.
Disclosure: Zamansky & Associates are securities attorneys representing investors in arbitration and state and federal litigation against financial institutions, including Bank of America and Citigroup.
Jake Zamansky
I am an attorney who represents investors in court and arbitration cases involving stockbroker and investment fraud. My law firm, Zamansky LLC, is a "trend-setting" firm...


Get your little monsters into the Halloween spirit with these fun crafts great for kids of all ages! They're cute, easy and quick to make. What's more, most of them can be made from things you already have around the house, making them practically free!
Don't forget to pin these Halloween crafts for later, and share to Facebook!


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Backstage News On Chris Jericho's Status With NJPW
By Joshua Gagnon | December 15, 2020
Chris Jericho's most recent appearance in a NJPW ring was back in January at Wrestle Kingdom 14, where he defeated Hiroshi Tanahashi. After the COVID-19 pandemic hit, traveling overseas became restricted, but according to the latest Wrestling Observer Radio that wasn't the only reason Jericho hasn't returned to NJPW.
Former NJPW President and CEO Harold Meij reportedly held off on getting Jericho back due to the cost of bringing in the AEW star. Meij left the company last month and was replaced by Takami Ohbari.
Jericho doesn't currently have a contract with NJPW, but there is now renewed interest within the company to bring Jericho back for a match. With the pandemic still ongoing, Jericho heading to NJPW is unlikely right now, but it's something that may be planned for down the road. Dave Meltzer speculated maybe at NJPW Dominion — typically the second biggest NJPW show of the year — in June or July.
Two years ago at Dominion, Jericho lost to Kazuchika Okada for the IWGP Heavyweight Championship.
Tomorrow on AEW Dynamite, Jericho is scheduled to team up with the rest of the Inner Circle against Best Friends, Varsity Blondes, Top Flight, and Brandon Cutler.
Sting Officially Announced For AEW Dynamite
Steve Austin Has Major Praise For Pat McAfee In WWE


ACLS is designed for healthcare professionals who either direct or participate in the management of cardiopulmonary arrest and other cardiovascular emergencies. This includes but does not limit personnel in emergency response, emergency medicine, intensive care and critical care units.
This class is for those who have never taken ACLS before or have an expired ACLS certification card.
This class is approximately 12 hours.


The counsellors of the chambers work "for" or "with" the entrepreneurs?
There are similar events in Vavuniya, Jaffna, Batticaloa, Trincomalee, Mannar and Ampara.
15.01.11 - ESPIRE - Pakistan: Five textile associations in cooperation with the German bfz organise topic Nuclei for an ecologically sustainable textile production. See more on its website.
Observation: whenever there are mentioned groups of SMEs are meant Handicraft Nuclei - apparently the translator did not know the expression. In the Spanish and Portuguese version the groups are correctly called "N�cleos".
30.07.10 - Cebu, Philippines: Amina Yoosuf and Dave Maurice, directors of the Nucleus Foundation, Sri Lanka, report about their training of chambers in the application of the Nucleus Approach - see more in the latest edition of the Nucleus Foundation Information Letter.
President Angela Paulin: This couldn�t have come at a more appropriate moment for CFIF. In this approach it is the members that decide what the activities they want to do are, counsellors will organize the activities for them... with previous approaches I felt like it�s �been there done that� but with Nucleus I feel a difference and can�t wait to get going... ideally all our staff members will be �counsellors�.
25.07.10 - FaQ: Does it make sense to request from the the Nucleus entrepreneurs the elaboration of a vision for the development of their enterprises during the first meeting(s)?
24.11.07 - Brazil: Melim, the first "Doctor Nucleus"
Jordi Castan, Jairo Aldo da Silva, both Brazil, and Eduardo Pereira, Uruguay, are conducting the first training courses in Bolivia, Peru, Colombia and Ecuador with Nucleus counsellors and entrepreneurs.
iii) the counsellors (a total of 19) from CAINCO and CADEX have been trained and, most importantly, have become convinced that the tool Nucleus works."
Discussion between SEQUA - Ralf Meier, Head of the Management of Programmes, Dr. Florian L�tticken, Coordinator of Programmes with the EU, Veronique Chavane, Project Director, reasonable also for the participation of SEQUA in the project AAPOP - GTZ Algeria - and Rainer M�ller-Glodde: SEQUA adopts the Nucleus Approach.
Since its start in 1991, SEQUA's strategy had always been not to involve itself into partnership projects between German chambers and those of other countries, but to concentrate on financial aspects and reporting. Ralf Meier explained now that this policy is changing. SEQUA develops and adopts methodologies, strategies and instruments for the development of business chambers chambers and associations and offers them as support to partnership and other projects.
Due to the good experiences of HWK Munich - Funda��o Empreender, Joinville, CACB - SEBRAE - KHK Essen, and bfz Hof, Germany in Brazil and Mozambique, of GTZ in Sri Lanka and Algeria, SEQUA decided now to adopt the Nucleus Approach and to apply it in different projects. Dr. Florian L�tticken mentioned project proposals for Central America and Santa Cruz, Bolivia, submitted to the EU. In projects planned in Vietnam and Bangladesh the application of the methodology is considered in the context of the introduction of "sustainable production". The bfz is preparing a project in Pakistan and applies the Nucleus Approach in the south of Mozambique together with GTZ. In addition is in discussion a project in South Africa, eventually together with the CACB, Brazil.
Question: where are ongoing the most interesting developments concerning chambers and associations? Ralf Meier: Mongolia - now already with 14 regional chambers -, in southeast Europe and India is most thrilling.
17 years after the start of the partnership project between the Chamber of Crafts and Small Industries for Munich and Upper Bavaria and chambers of commerce and entrepreneurs in the northeast of Santa Catarina, Brazil, HWK and FE confirmed their cooperation by signing a respective agreement.
For the third time since 1996 members of Environment Nuclei from the north-east of Santa Catarina visited the "International Trade Fair for Water - Sewage - Refuse - Recycling" - IFAT in Munich.
The participants were mainly environment specialists in larger companies and come from Brusque, S�o Francisco do Sul, Jaragu� do Sul, Itajai and Blumenau. Uwe Stortz, President of the Chamber of Commerce and Entrepreneurs of Sao Bento do Sul, led the group.
Environment Nuclei have been formed in the region in the context of the partnership project between the Brazilian business chambers, the Funda��o Empreender and the HWK for Munich and Upper Bavaria since the early 90s. There was and is a high suffering and pressure regarding the disposal of industrial waste and sewage.
Apart from the IFAT, the group visited a number of private and public institutions in the sector.
For the evaluation of the trip by the participants see the Portuguese version (pdf).
The framework conditions for successful entrepreneurial activities depend highly on the quality and intensity of the "Public Private Dialogue".
Simone Lehmann analyzes the case of the ACE Joinville, Brazil, in order to show in Vietnam how chambers and the public sector can cooperate in favour of the development of the local and regional economy.
- the first "Doctor Nucleus"
Starting Nuclei: shall the counsellor begin with smaller and weaker enterprises?
How will the new chairperson lead the chamber?
Is it possible to change the chairperson�s leadership style?
Why the Counsellor does have to run 10 Nuclei?
What is the minimal and maximal number of participants per Nucleus?
... no more News Letters in English?


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Early Wyoming poll: Mike Enzi leads Liz Cheney among Republicans — by 34 points
AllahpunditPosted at 12:58 pm on July 19, 2013
Amazing data via David Freddoso's Conservative Intelligence Briefing — and I don't mean the topline number, either. It's no trick for a three-term incumbent with stratospheric name recognition to lead big early over a relative unknown. As I recall, both Charlie Crist and David Dewhurst started out in landslide territory against Marco Rubio and Ted Cruz, respectively, and both Rubio and Cruz had higher local profiles than Cheney does. If you live in Wyoming and aren't a regular Fox News watcher, you might have zero idea who she is beyond her last name. Which is to say, there's plenty of room here for her to gain as she becomes more familiar to voters, especially given how enormous her ad budget is likely to be.
What makes the data amazing is that, if it's accurate, Mike Enzi is very, very popular. Maybe invulnerably so.
But our new Conservative Intel Poll suggests that Cheney faces a bigger problem: Wyoming Republican voters are a bit confused by her decision to run. The poll, conducted for Conservative Intel by Harper Polling, shows that GOP voters there view Enzi very, very favorably (76%/6% fav/unfav) and back him over Cheney by more than 30 points, 55% to 21%…
In Washington, some who might be identified as national security conservatives see Cheney as a possible new standard-bearer. And she is reasonably popular among Wyoming Republicans (45% favorable to 15% unfavorable). Her father is even more popular (74 percent favorable to 14% unfavorable). But it's going to take more than a name to beat Enzi, whose job approval rating stands at 73 percent.
Question for data-heads: When was the last time a congressional incumbent started out above 70 percent in job approval and +70 in favorability and ended up losing a primary? I'm distinguishing congressional incumbents here from governors/presidents because it's easier for the latter's ratings to go south quickly (see, e.g., George H.W. Bush circa 1990). The executive can be blamed for every ill in his jurisdiction and invariably takes a beating if the economy goes south, whether or not he's truly to blame. Doesn't work that way for Congress. All Enzi has to do to protect himself is vote reliably conservative (as he usually does anyway) for the next year. Is attacking him for supporting an Internet sales tax going to close the gap by 34 points?
Here are the extended crosstabs. When asked whether Enzi deserves reelection, 48 percent say yes versus 28 percent who say no. If you're a Cheney fan, there is some good news here: 44 percent of Wyoming Republicans say they support the goals of the tea party, which is how Cheney's attempting to brand herself, versus 35 percent who don't. If she can turn this race into an "establishment versus grassroots" referendum, just like Cruz and, ahem, Rubio did, then she's got a chance. How likely is that, though, when her biggest booster is a former VP who spent decades inside the Beltway and Enzi's biggest booster is the guy who ran as Mr. Tea Party three years ago? Rand Paul's support for Enzi may end up being the most influential endorsement of 2014 (or maybe second to Rand Paul's endorsement of Mitch McConnell), not because it's going to send tea partiers scrambling to vote for the incumbent but because it'll help neutralize Cheney's message that she's the candidate of conservative change. Enzi doesn't need to win tea partiers, he just needs to avoid losing them overwhelmingly. That's where Paul comes in, to make the pitch to grassroots conservatives in Wyoming that being "tea party" isn't a matter of age or inexperience but a matter of voting record. Given the relish Paul's displayed in attacking Cheney so far, I expect he'll end up out there on the stump for Enzi too. Unless his own approval rating on the right goes south over the next year, how does Cheney hurdle that obstacle and then climb the mountain of Enzi's local popularity?
Exit question: Abandon an old friend, or tarnish a rising star?
Tags: foreign policy Liz Cheney Mike Enzi polls Rand Paul Wyoming


Extra safety has been incorporated into an extra care housing development for over 55s courtesy of GEZE UK.
Giving the Moderne a contemporary edge while maintaining the tenets of iconic 1930's design has been realised in the redevelopment of a prestigious London building.
GEZE products are giving students access to the highs and lows of student life in a development which incorporates a 21-storey tower block and three low-rise residences.
GEZE UK has provided a breath of fresh air to an extraordinary facility which boasts academic excellence and innovation.
GEZE UK is giving students a super welcome at one of Europe's newest super colleges – the £228 million City of Glasgow College in the heart of Glasgow.
There's a degree of distinction about Swansea University's new student accommodation where GEZE UK is helping open doors to a new way of living on a campus by the sea.
They call it the vertical pier: the British Airways i360 in Brighton is a jaw-dropping new landmark that combines contemporary glamour with a seaside legacy. And GEZE UK is helping open the doors for millions of visitors to head skywards for views of an incredible coastline.
GEZE UK has provided the perfect prescription for a stunning world class hospital in Glasgow. The Queen Elizabeth University Hospital received the GEZE 'treatment' as part of a £842 million development which incorporated its automatic swing doors and sliding doors into its ultra-modern design.
GEZE UK has given Tyneside students a brand new outlook on life – by supplying more than 100 windows systems for a new state-of-the-art science and technology centre.
Manchester's stunning new elliptical library walk link was designed to connect two of the city's historic buildings – it needed doors that not only allowed people to enter and exit with ease, but reflected the dramatic glass architecture.
When the Whitworth, part of The University of Manchester, launched an architectural competition for its extension, it wanted a design that would make its important collection accessible to a wider range of visitors and re-establish the relationship with its grounds, home of England's first gallery in a park.
Customers to a luxury car dealership in Birmingham will be able to reflect on the best of its brands with the installation of a glazed manual sliding wall defining the Bentley and Lamborghini areas of its showroom.
Like all new supermarkets, Waitrose's flagship store in Chester required good access; entrances are prime positions for displays that influence buyer behaviour and need to allow multiple shoppers to enter and exit simultaneously even when manoeuvring trolleys or weighed down with bags.
The imposing Appleton House in Warrington is more than just an office complex. The interior has been transformed with a funky industrial gym theme fit for the European headquarters of global Sportswear brand New Balance.
Set in a site of special scientific interest, the Patricia Thompson Building for Maggie's Cancer Centre in Oxford has been designed around a treehouse concept providing an oasis of calm amongst the trees for anyone affected by cancer.
When the vicar of St James' Church decided to open The Sheriff Centre to house a Post Office, café, stationery and retail shop, and a children's soft play area, it was clear that the ramshackle wooden porch was not fit for purpose.
With 80 000 visitors expected in the first year alone, architect Reiach & Hall specified two automatic doors from GEZE UK to create a stylish lobby that would meet the highest standards of safety and complement the building's bold glass and brick design.
When Blenheim Palace undertook its largest development for 200 years, it wanted glass doors that would enable visitors to flow into its visitor centre while allowing the stunning vista of the Estate to be seen.
A gloomy unappealing entrance at The Pavilions in Preston has been transformed with the installation of a light, spacious and draught proof curved lobby from GEZE UK, the UK's leading manufacturer of door and window control systems.
What must be one of the most striking façades in the City of Westminster has been created for a boutique hotel in Soho by positioning a bespoke piece of modern art above a stylish revolving door from GEZE UK.
At the heart of Birmingham's regenerated Eastside district, Birmingham City University has opened the Parkside Building, a stunning new addition to the city centre campus.
How do you modernise the entrance of a leading research facility to ensure thousands of people can pass through safely every day, but which is part of a Grade II listed art deco building with a solid marble floor?
A staggering 580 manual overhead closers from GEZE UK have been used in the building of Manchester Metropolitan University's award-winning Business School and Student Hub (MMUBS), which covers 23,400msq and serves up to 5,000 students and 250 staff each week.
Billed as the 'best in the UK', Marie Curie's new multi-million pound hospice in Solihull boasts state-of-the-art facilities, fixtures and fittings designed to provide comforting and enriching end-of-life care for patients.
GEZE UK, has created a highly unusual, all-glass dual entrance for firstsite, a world-class contemporary visual arts organisation in Colchester.
At the end of the world's longest pleasure pier, Southend's new Cultural Centre has opened its doors to the public, offering spectacular water views through its majestic glass façade.
Take a listed building at a prestigious London address in the heart of the City, add a floor made from the thick steel hull from a ship and a traditional wooden entrance lobby, then request a modern entrance which enables access and reduces heat loss.
A collaborative approach from two of the UK's leading building and access companies is literally opening doors for young people in wheelchairs at a specialist college in Hampshire.
Once an impenetrable ring of masonry and earthworks, designed to protect Britain's premier naval dockyard in Portsmouth, Fort Nelson is now open to all visitors thanks to a range of easily accessible automatic entrances.
GEZE UK has created a custom-made curved sliding glass door and façade for Chestnut Grange, a progressive development of 'extra-care' retirement homes in Burton-on-Trent, which is one of the first of its kind in the Midlands.
The Scottish National Portrait Gallery in Edinburgh has reopened following a £17.6m restoration project and GEZE UK is nowhere to be seen – as its automatic operators have been completely hidden from view.
A luxury 'designer' glass entrance has been made to measure for 60 St Martin's Lane, adding a touch of GEZE glamour to the exciting mixed use scheme in London's fashionable West End.
A striking glass entrance at Kingsthorpe Grove Primary School in Northampton, which was shortlisted in last year's 3R Awards (Refurb, Rethink, Retrofit) by the Architect's Journal, is sporting two Slimdrive SL sliding automatic operators from GEZE UK, seamlessly enabling access for all.
The striking 12-storey Beaufort House in the heart of the City of London has been transformed by the installation of an individually designed, oval-shaped entrance lobby with curved automatic doors from GEZE UK.
An estimated 279,300 visitors have passed through the doors of the Royal Shakespeare and Swan Theatres since their re-opening in November 2010 with the new all-glass entrances installed by GEZE UK.
Exeter University needed to create a high-end meeting room facility with a contemporary and smart interior, which offered an appropriate space for the council of one the UK's leading academic institutions for state occasions.
Guernsey's iconic Victorian library has adopted a high tech solution for the maintenance and service of its new automatic entrance, by installing an entrance system from GEZE UK fitted with its remote diagnostic device, iContact.
Two distinctive glass cube entrances to a flagship supermarket, with sliding glass automatic doors by the UK's leading manufacturer of door and window control technology, has helped Tesco win admirers after a ten year struggle to develop in Gerrard's Cross.
Cornwall's luxury eco hotel, the Scarlet, is taking a contemporary, minimalist approach to the design of its reception, using glass walls and a sleek automatic sliding door operator from GEZE UK, to maximise the impact of its striking coastline view.
Designed to impress, astound and amaze European visitors to London, the extension to St Pancras International incorporates a great glass entrance to reflect and complement the old brick structure, uniting old and new in a seamless way.
A global law firm has turned to GEZE UK for a totally bespoke, virtually invisible glass entrance to a private fitness centre located within its prestigious London headquarters.
The supersize project, jointly funded by the College, the Learning and Skills Council and Doncaster Council, took just under two years to build and GEZE UK's team of experts worked seamlessly with more than 2500 builders and the contractors to ensure all entrances and doors were highly effective and aesthetically pleasing.
GEZE UK has successfully brought together classical architecture and contemporary glass automated entrances to allow access for all, as part of a £35million re-development at Birmingham's historic Town Hall.
"Not having to worry about getting in and out of the house on my own is really useful", says Cameron. "The installation took very little time and the service from GEZE UK has been great".
Judith Griffiths, Chief Officer at Age Concern said: "Easy access for our elderly visitors is vital and it can be hard to find products that are simply able to do the job."
Answering the prayers of church-goers in Penrith, the UK's leading manufacturer of door and window control systems, GEZE UK, is uniting 18th Century architecture with the latest door technology to make access easier for the congregation of St Andrews Church.
A traditional cottage set in the dramatic landscape of the Lake District has undergone a spectacular 'Grand Designs'-inspired refurbishment, with a cutting edge extension using a sophisticated IGG integrated glass system from GEZE UK.
GEZE UK was chosen by architects Jefferson Sheard to specify safe, practical, yet stylish entrances for passengers to exit the interchange and board the buses.


text:
Miko Veronika, Gypsy Countess Verona (Magyarország, 1887. május 15. – Cleveland, Ohio állam, 1937. április 7.) magyar-cigány származású amerikai cimbalomművész, az Amerikai Egyesült Államok első számú cimbalmosa.

Életpályája
Cigányzenész családban született, édesapja Andor, édesanyja Veronika. Hat testvére közül ő volt a legidősebb, pontosan nem tudni, a család mikor vándorolt ki az Amerikai Egyesült Államokba (az 1900-as népszámláson még Magyarországon szerepeltek). A család Ohio államban, Clevelandben telepedett le, ahol számos magyar cigány kisebbség élt, hamar sikerült beilleszkedniük, iskolába jártak, erre szüleik gondosan oda figyeltek. Veronikának, aki cimbalmos csodagyerekként indult még Magyarországon, hatéves korában édesapja Magyarországról hozatott egy cimbalmot, és elkezdődött a rendszeres munka, gyakorlás, eleinte édesapjával turnézott sokáig.

Veronika 1903-ban férjez ment egy szintén kint élő cigány bevándorlóhoz, Lakatos Miklóshoz, de házasságuk nem tartott sokáig. 1912-ben házasságot kötött egy magyar származású arisztokratával, Széchy de Széchy Falva gróffal. Veronika ettől kezdve használni kezdte a grófi címet. Az amerikai sajtó azonnal lecsapott az ifjú házasokra, és megjelentek olyan cikkek, hogy most már nem csak cimbalomművész, de már cigány grófné is. A gróf családja nem nézte jó szemmel házasságukat, a grófot kitagadták a családból, és megfosztották minden örökségétől is. A grófot nem érdekelte családja döntése, üzleti vállalkozásba kezdett. 1916-ban Veronika egy lemezfelvételt készített a Columbia Records megbízásából, 4 darabot sikerült rögzítenie, ami kivívta a kritikusok tetszését.

Zeneszerzéssel is foglalkozott, híres szerzeménye, a Gypsy rag című műve 1916-ban jelent meg New Yorkban.

1917-ben országos turnéra indult Texas déli részétől egészen Kanadáig, a szakmától pozitív kritikákat kapott. A Széchy gróffal kötött házassága az 1910-es évek végére véget ért, a gróf visszatért a családjához és a pénzéhez, Veronika ezek után is használta még pár évig a grófi címet.

A válás után Veronika több helyen fellépett Ohio államban, több ízben a clevelandi szimfonikusokkal is, de karrierje már nem az volt, mint a pályája elején. 1922-ben feleségül ment Carle B. Robbinshoz, egy helyi vezető szerkesztőhöz, de ez a házassága sem volt sikeres. Az 1930-as évek felé egészségi állapota megromlott, több betegséget diagnosztizáltak nála, 1937-ben bekövetkezett halála után tüdőembóliát és koszorúér-trombózist állapítottak meg.

Hang és kép
 Columbia Records - hanganyag

Szerzemények
 Gypsy rag (1916)

Források
Countess Gypsy Verona története angolul
Steve Piskor books
Nora Hulse: 60 Years of Ragtime Piano
The New York Times, 1916. augusztus 17.

Magyar cimbalmosok
Magyar cigányok
1887-ben született személyek
1937-ben elhunyt személyek

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Stalin's entourage consisted of people,who were inferior to the General Secretary in both intellect and volitional qualities. From time to time, when doubts arose in someone's loyalty, the leader of the party and the people checked her with rather cruel methods, for example, sending his wife "ringing the bowler" in the camps.
The Soviet state system was strictlya well-organized vertical structure, and at the very top of the pyramid sat the supreme ruler, I.V. Stalin, who became a deity during his lifetime. A few people could challenge his decisions, and to merit his anger often meant signing a death sentence. Often, but not always.
One of the people who irritated Stalin, but notpaid for this life, was Mehlis Lev Zakharovich. His biography as a politician was not distinguished by his impeccability from the Bolshevik point of view. He was not a worker, a underground worker who fought the tsarist regime, he too can not be named. The clerk, then the tutor, unlike many members of the Politburo, he did not have a prison record. Membership in the Zionist party can hardly be called an active struggle against the autocracy, Poalei Zion could hardly claim the leadership of the proletariat of Russia.
With the outbreak of the First World War, the twenty-five-year-old Leoobediently goes to serve in the army and, having risen to a non-commissioned officer's rank, meets the February Revolution. Then the October Revolution takes place. What does the striker Mehlis do at this time? Biography at least the official is silent on this. Then - a fast career. Entering in 1918 in the RCP (b), he immediately commissions, at first at the level of the brigade, then - the division. It took Leo Zakharovich just two years to become the leader of the political group of troops.
Since 1921 Mehlis is Stalin's ally, andmost immediate, he is assistant to his secretary. Unencumbered by completely unnecessary university diplomas, he is perfectly oriented in the party line, which often fluctuates in the stormy twenties. This ability helps in the work of the editor-in-chief of Pravda.
Despite impressive posts, the image of thishead of great sympathy does not cause. A common party chatterbox, capable of reasoning only in general terms, without going into specifics, there were many such, and Stalin did not really like them. What did he like Mehlis so much? The biography of many co-workers repressed in the thirties was heroic, and knowledge deeper.
The father of the peoples himself answered this question.He said somehow that Lev Zakharovich is completely incapable of creating anything, he can only destroy. Obviously, such a narrow specialization affected the quality of his work: if they did, they would do it exactly.
Army commissioner of the first rank - position in thewhich Mehlis met in 1941. His biography was enlarged with a bright chapter, he began to understand the causes of the military catastrophes of the Red Army of the initial period of the war. In his old habit Lev Zakharovich tries to occupy a position that is advantageous for himself, criticizing the actions of military commanders, harshly denouncing them and not responding to the result of combat operations. During the failed actions of 1942 in the Crimea, Stalin sends him an extraordinarily verbose telegram for him, in which he criticizes this attitude to the mission.
About how Lev Zakharovich received his doctorate in economics, history is silent. He obviously became a doctor of political science deservedly.
Ruthless struggle with enemies undermined healtha loyal Leninist-Stalinist. In 1950, he was no longer able to perform the paladic functions and was sent to retirement. On February 18, 1953, just twenty days before the great leader, Mehlis finished his earthly journey. His ashes were buried in the Kremlin wall.
Why did the growth of Stalin be understated after the 20th Congress?


The Packers traded down, then back up, before addressing their need at cornerback.
GREEN BAY – Brian Gutekunst did not wait his whole career to make a trade. Armed with a draft pick, a talent evaluator doesn't yearn to pass it away.
No, a talent evaluator dreams of picking his player.
The Green Bay Packers' new general manager was no different: Gutekunst wanted to pick his player. Then opportunity called in Thursday night's first round of the NFL draft. With the Packers on the clock at No. 14 overall, the New Orleans Saints had an offer. They dangled a 2019 first-round pick (and also a fifth-round pick this year), enticing the Packers to move back to No. 27 in this year's first round.
The Packers relied on connections within their personnel department to trade with the Saints. Russ Ball, the Packers' executive vice president, worked with Saints general manager Mickey Loomis for six years in New Orleans. Likewise, internal connections likely gave Gutekunst confidence he could trade back up in the first round, should he covet a player who might not be available at No. 27.
In the Seattle Seahawks, Gutekunst had an ally in fellow general manager John Schneider. When Gutekunst was first starting out as a scout two decades ago, it was Schneider who helped him get a full-time job with the Kansas City Chiefs. Entering this week's draft, the Seahawks had no picks in the second or third round. Gutekunst knew his former colleague wanted to trade back and acquire more picks, opening the door for the Packers to move up nine spots and select Louisville cornerback Jaire Alexander.
Finally, after trades in both directions, Gutekunst picked his player.
That may be, but only time will tell whether Gutekunst's roller-coaster draft debut was successful. In two to three years, the Packers' maneuvers in Thursday's first round will look really wise, or really not. Gutekunst, no doubt an aggressive general manager, hardly left any room for middle ground.
Before their initial trade, it appeared fortune was aligning for the Packers to get an unexpected shot at a top-tier defensive prospect. Still available at No. 14 were Virginia Tech linebacker Tremaine Edmunds and Florida State defensive back Derwin James.
The Packers evaluated Edmunds and James extensively through the pre-draft process. They invited both for pre-draft visits in Green Bay and had formal interviews at the NFL scouting combine. Edmunds, especially, seemed like an ideal fit for the Packers, an all-purpose defender at 6-4 1/2, 253 pounds.
Gutekunst said he liked Edmunds and James, but thought an abundance of good players still available gave him leverage to grab a premium asset. No doubt his familiarity with Schneider served as a security blanket, knowing he could trade up if the group of players he coveted started to dwindle.
The Buffalo Bills traded up in the first round to select Edmunds with the 16th overall pick. James was drafted one pick later, No. 17 overall to the Los Angeles Chargers. That might've nudged Gutekunst to move up to No. 18 and draft Alexander.
Gutekunst said Alexander was "in consideration" when the Packers were on the clock with their initial 14th overall pick.
In Alexander,who stands 5-10 1/4, the Packers deviated from a long-held Ron Wolf scouting principle. Since the Packers drafted Terrell Buckley fifth overall in 1992, they have long held a minimum height requirement of 5-10 1/2 for cornerbacks. Sullivan said the team decided Alexander's lack of height wouldn't be a detriment.
What Alexander might lack in height, he compensates with blazing speed. Alexander ran a 4.38-second 40 at the NFL scouting combine, seventh fastest among defensive backs. By the stopwatch, Alexander is the fastest player on the Packers roster.
Sullivan said Alexander's speed reminded him of former Packers corner Sam Shields, the last true No. 1 cover man they've employed.
"Very few corners," Sullivan said, "when they play the game when the ball's in the air, can you feel them close space. He's one. When you watch him play, you can feel him close space when the ball's in the air, both playing forward and backward. The kid can run. On top of that, he's quick and he can change directions and do those things.
Gutekunst stopped short of saying the Packers finalized their cornerback depth chart Thursday night, but they clearly feel better about the position than when the draft began. After signing free-agent Tramon Williams and re-signing Davon House this offseason, the Packers already had options to pair on the perimeter opposite second-year cornerback Kevin King. What they needed was a slot corner with Alexander's athleticism.
Gutekunst was hesitant to say Alexander will play the bulk of his snaps in the slot this fall, but it may be a mere formality. He said his new cornerback can line up all over, but the short and quick Alexander projects as someone who can patrol the middle of the field.
A converted wide receiver, Alexander had five interceptions as a sophomore in 2016. A hyperextended knee and broken hand cost him all but six games last season, but Alexander still left school with one year of eligibility remaining. The Packers expect Alexander to retain the ball skills he honed as a receiver.
"Being able to catch the ball," Alexander said, "is one of my strong suits. And being able to understand receiver splits and the routes, and what they like to do at the top of their routes, that's one of my strong suits. I think just playing receiver helps out a lot.
The Packers still have plenty of work left to do in the final six rounds. They're scheduled to make the 13th pick in Friday's second round (No. 45 overall), but they gave their third-round pick (No. 76 overall) and a sixth-round pick (No. 186) to the Seahawks when they traded up Thursday night, recouping a seventh-round pick in return (No. 248). With one pick on Day 2 but 10 on Day 3, Gutekunst said it's possible the Packers have enough assets to trade back into the third round.
Ultimately, that's not what he'll be judged on most when it comes to his first draft as the Packers general manager. Gutekunst showed Thursday night he can work connections even as a rookie GM to execute a grand plan, and that he has no hesitation to make bold decisions.
That he was able to secure an extra first-round pick and draft a player in consideration four slots earlier will be remembered either as resourceful, or an example of where a general manager outsmarted himself.
"I think you go into it kind of having a lot of different ideas about what could happen," Gutekunst said. "Whether you're going to move up, whether you're going to move back, stay and pick, how it's going to fell. How it fell kind of determined that option. As it fell, and you had a certain amount of players that you thought were equal value, but you could move back and still get a similar type of player. That's kind of how that happened.


Newly formed Jatiya Oikya Front will start their programmes by holding a grand rally in Sylhet city on Oct 23.
The rally will be held to mobilise public support in favour of their seven-point demand of holding a credible national election.
Oikya front leader and JSD president ASM Abdur Rob announced the programme after the first meeting of the opposition alliance at his Uttara residence, reports UNB.


Vinyl Stickers are printed out on a single colored sheet of vinyl, so the designs have to be kept as simple as possible. But don't let that stop your creativity!
Each color has to be printed on an individual sheet and merged together to create the decal. Make sure your design is a maximum of three solid colors. No gradients.
Some of the more complex, even single color designs, might not be able to be made. We recommend complicated designs be created and printed at a larger size.
Someone from our design staff will contact you within 24 hours to finalize your design. You can upload .JPG, .PDF, and .GIF files. The file size cannot exceed 3 megs.


A lump sum payment to you if you are diagnosed with one of 36 illnesses listed below.
Since 1983 the cover has been accepted into many insurance markets around the world. Critical illness insurance is now available in Indonesia. This product is not linked to any whole of life policy.
Directly or indirectly related to AIDS: Pre-existing medical conditions, as well as medical conditions diagnosed by a legally registered medical practitioner, in the first 90 days (180 days for female cancer) from the date the policy takes effect; Self-inflicted injury; Any congenital disease; Pregnancy; Drug intoxication and other illnesses not listed in the insurance policy.


text:
Home Money and Business Banks Record Anti-Money Laundering Fine Imposed on Swedbank
Record Anti-Money Laundering Fine Imposed on Swedbank
Sweden's financial supervisory authority ("SFSA") recently fined Swedbank AB a record 4 billion Swedish kronor (approximately $386 million) for deficiencies in its anti-money laundering ("AML") processes and controls. See SFSA's press release. The same day, March 19, 2020, Estonia's financial supervisory authority issued a "precept" requiring Swedbank to make specific changes to its organizational structure and AML risk practices and reporting requirements. Soon after, on March 23, 2020, Swedbank published an extensive report detailing the results of an internal investigation conducted by Swedbank's counsel, Clifford Chance LLP (the "Report").
These regulatory actions came in the wake of media reports that raised questions about Swedbank's possible involvement in money laundering scandals in the Baltic region, particularly in Estonia. On February 20, 2019, a Swedish public television network program broadcast allegations that 50 of Swedbank's customers engaged in $5.8 billion worth of transactions in the Baltics between 2007 and 2015 that were indicative of money laundering. On the heels of these press reports, the Swedish and Estonian financial authorities announced investigations into Swedbank, and Swedbank hired Clifford Chance to conduct an investigation into the Swedish television program's allegations, as well as more broadly into Swedbank's historical exposure to money laundering risk and potential violations of U.S. sanctions.
The Swedish and Estonian enforcement actions may be only the beginning for Swedbank. The Estonian Prosecutor's Office and the Latvian Police Department are currently investigating whether money laundering or other criminal acts occurred at the bank. The European Central Bank and the Swedish Economic Crime Authority are also conducting investigations. Further, Swedbank disclosed that it is under investigation by multiple U.S. authorities, which may focus, at least in part, on potential U.S. sanctions violations.
II. Report's Findings
The Report offers detailed insight into the specific AML and U.S. sanctions deficiencies that led to the enforcement actions against Swedbank. Clifford Chance's year-long investigation focused primarily on identifying historical deficiencies in Swedbank's AML compliance systems and controls within its subsidiaries in Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania (the "Baltic subsidiaries") from 2007 through 2019, and it also found potential violations of U.S. sanctions. The Report concluded that the Baltic subsidiaries historically "were exposed to substantial money laundering risk" and had processed approximately €37 billion worth of transactions between 2014 and 2019 that Clifford Chance found to be high risk for money laundering. However, the Report did not conclude that Swedbank actually engaged in money laundering or processed customer transactions that constituted proceeds of criminal activity—noting that, among other things, such crimes would require definitive knowledge of a customer's source of funds, which was not available to Clifford Chance.
The Report reached a number of conclusions with regard to Swedbank's risk management and AML and sanctions compliance. Among other things, it found:
Swedbank had "inadequate systems and controls to ensure proper management of the AML and economic sanctions risk of its customer base, which, therefore, historically exposed Swedbank and the Baltic Subsidiaries to significant AML and sanctions risk."
The Baltic Subsidiaries did not adequately train its business employees on the importance of following AML policies, including collecting appropriate "know your customer" ("KYC") information and did not take adequate steps to ensure existing AML policies were followed.
Swedbank's subsidiaries in Estonia and Latvia "actively pursued . . . high risk customers as a business strategy."
Swedbank Estonia "approved high risk customers without having complete documentation regarding the ultimate beneficial owners, proof of source of funds or explanation of the legitimate business purpose of the customers, and did not address red flags that arose from the information that was provided." Further, Swedbank Estonia accepted customers despite knowing that the listed beneficial owners were not the actual beneficial owners and "accepted customer corporate structures knowing they were designed to conceal the true [beneficial owner] from home country tax authorities."
Swedbank Estonia "repeatedly overlooked or disregarded indications of potentially suspicious transactions."
Swedbank did not adopt systematic automated customer and transactions sanctions screening in the Baltic subsidiaries until 2017, well over a decade after U.S. authorities started to bring highly publicized enforcement actions against non-U.S. banks arising out of failures in sanctions compliance controls, and many years after peer Europe-based institutions had done so. The Report concluded that the Baltic subsidiaries processed 582 transactions totaling $4.8 million that potentially violated U.S. sanctions.
In addition, the Report made a number of observations about employee accountability:
One of Swedbank's prior CEOs "failed to focus on AML deficiencies" despite recurring internal reports, as well as a Swedish regulator report, of such deficiencies.
While the subsequent CEO took "significant steps to de-risk" the high risk customer business in the Baltic subsidiaries, he "did not direct sufficient resources, attention, or urgency to the remediation of the issues identified, did not ensure that information regarding these issues was shared" between relevant control functions or management boards, and did not adequately educate or apprise the Board of Directors of the AML deficiencies.
Although the Audit Committee and Board were informed of persistent AML and sanctions controls deficiencies, neither was "adequately informed of the degree of legal and reputational risk posed by these deficiencies." The investigation "found little evidence of any substantive discussion of these issues" at either the Board or Audit Committee meetings. The Board record did not "reflect significant challenge by the Board to management on the AML issues" and the Board "did not act adequately to manage and control the AML risk of which it was made aware."
The Report also concluded that certain public statements made by Swedbank and its executives concerning Swedbank's AML compliance and exposure to AML risk "were inaccurate or presented without sufficient context." In addition, Swedbank "may not have provided adequate context in [its] responses to regulatory requests, may have failed to provide updated information, or may have interpreted a request in an overly technical or narrow manner."
III. Takeaways
Financial institutions' compliance personnel would be well-advised to study the Report for lessons as they evaluate their own institutions' AML compliance programs.
Beneficial Ownership and High-Risk Customers. The Report makes clear the importance of collecting KYC and beneficial ownership information for high risk customers.[1] As discussed above, the Report emphasizes the dangers of onboarding high risk customers while having either incomplete or inaccurate beneficial ownership information, or while having insufficient controls to mitigate the attendant risk.
Focus on U.S. Sanctions Compliance for Non-U.S. Companies. The Report demonstrates the importance, including for non-U.S. companies, of having a well-functioning, risk-based U.S. sanctions compliance program that includes effective sanctions screening processes. The Report notes that nearly all the potentially violative transactions at Swedbank occurred before the Baltic Subsidiaries implemented automated sanctions screening. The U.S. Department of the Treasury's Office of Foreign Assets Control ("OFAC") considers well-functioning sanctions screening to be a critical component of an effective sanctions compliance program. In May 2019, OFAC published "A Framework for OFAC Compliance Commitments" (the "Framework"). The Framework provides OFAC's view of the essential elements of an effective sanctions compliance program, which U.S. government regulators will likely consider when evaluating Swedbank's sanctions compliance program: (i) management commitment; (ii) risk assessment; (iii) internal controls, including policies and procedures; (iv) testing and auditing; and (v) training. The Framework also discusses root causes of OFAC compliance program deficiencies gleaned from prior OFAC administrative actions. Among others, OFAC highlights: a lack of a formal sanctions compliance program; improper customer due diligence; sanctions screening failures; and processing financial transactions (primarily denominated in U.S. dollars)[2] involving U.S. sanctions targets to or through U.S. financial institutions.
Global Risk Appetite. In considering whether AML risk is appropriately managed, financial institutions might consider implementing global risk appetite statements if they have not already done so. According to the Report, Swedbank management's lack of appreciation of AML risk was evidenced by the bank's failure to adopt a "Group-level AML risk appetite statement until 2017, or to take steps to ensure consistency of risk rating customers across business lines."
Consistent Transparency with Regulators. It is notable that the director of the SFSA, in announcing the fine, specifically highlighted that Swedbank employees withheld information when responding to regulators' requests for information related to Swedbank's AML controls and procedures. For example, in one response to the SFSA, the bank did not explicitly define "Swedbank" to include its subsidiaries and excluded information about them, even though the SFSA's request had included subsidiaries. In addition, the Report found emails where employees expressed concern that responses to regulators may be misleading, but the responses remained unchanged. These missteps by Swedbank serve as an important reminder of how critical it is for financial institutions to cooperate fully and proactively with regulators. Losing credibility with regulators can prove very costly and may even result in higher monetary penalties or settlements.
Boards Must Take an Active Role in AML Compliance. The Report suggests that Swedbank's Board failed to respond adequately to reported AML and sanctions control deficiencies. Boards and Board committees would be well advised to follow up on AML deficiencies identified by management to ensure the directors fully understand the scope, and to hold management responsible for remediation of known weaknesses. As discussed above, the Report noted that the Swedbank Board record did not indicate significant engagement on AML issues of which the Board was apprised. This suggests that it may be prudent for boards to ensure that board minutes and other written records document their active involvement on AML matters, particularly in ensuring that corrective measures are taken.
Collateral Consequences. Financial institutions' AML compliance failings can negatively impact their stock price and can present civil litigation risk. Swedbank's share price declined by approximately one-third during 2019 after information about its AML problems became public. In addition, in the past several years, shareholder derivative lawsuits have been filed following certain AML enforcement actions. For example, one lawsuit alleged that a financial institution's disclosures regarding AML controls and compliance were materially false or misleading.[3] In another case, shareholders sued a financial institution's board and management for breach of fiduciary duty in failing to adopt and implement an adequate compliance program.[4] These and other follow-on consequences, such as the imposition of a compliance monitor, can be costly and disruptive to a financial institution.
[1] In the United States, certain U.S. financial institutions are now required to identify and verify the identity of the beneficial owners of their legal entity customers in accordance with the U.S. Department of the Treasury's Financial Crimes Enforcement Network's "Customer Due Diligence Requirements for Financial Institutions" final rule, which became applicable in May 2018.
[2] The potential U.S. sanctions violations by the Baltic subsidiaries involved U.S. dollar-denominated transactions concerning countries or regions that are targets of comprehensive territorial U.S. sanctions. OFAC presumes that U.S. dollar-denominated transactions clear through U.S. banks. Accordingly, if such transactions involve targets of U.S. sanctions, they may potentially result in a U.S. sanctions violation.
[3] Lieblein. v. Ersek, No. 14-cv-00144 (D.C. Colo. Jan. 19, 2014). The Tenth Circuit dismissed this case for failure to plead sufficient facts to excuse lack of pre-suit demand. City of Cambridge Ret. Sys. v. Ersek, 921 F.3d 912 (10th Cir. 2019).
[4] Reiter v. Capital One Fin. Corp., No. 11693-CB (Del. Ch. Nov. 16, 2015). Delaware's Court of Chancery dismissed this case for failure to plead sufficient facts to show futility of pre-suit demand. Reiter v. Capital One Fin. Corp., 2016 WL 6081823 (Del. Ch. Oct. 18, 2016).
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Gaius Ceionius Rufius Volusianus (c. 246 – c. 330) was a Roman senator who had a lengthy political career and who was appointed consul at least twice, the known dates being AD 311 and 314.

Biography
It has been speculated that Rufius Volusianus may have been the son of Ceionius Varus, the Praefectus urbi of Rome in AD 284. His early career is unknown, but it is speculated that he held a suffect consulship around 280 under the emperor Probus. Around 282 he was appointed by the emperor Carinus to the proconsular position of Corrector Italiae, with his area of administration being centred on central and southern Italy. He held this post until about 290.

From 305 to 306, Volusianus was appointed the proconsular governor of Africa. When the Roman usurper Maxentius was recognized as emperor in Africa, Volusianus attached himself to his court. Around 309, Volusianus was made Maxentius' Praetorian Prefect, an office he held until 310. He was sent by Maxentius to recover the province of Africa, which had rebelled and acclaimed Domitius Alexander emperor, causing severe food shortages in Rome. He crossed over to Africa with a small but well-trained force and proceeded to defeat the poorly armed rebels. His troops then wrought havoc in Carthage and other African cities. Volusianus then trapped Alexander in Cirta which was sacked. The captured Alexander was strangled, and his supporters were purged from their positions of authority and killed. Having reclaimed the province, Volusianus returned to Rome.

As a reward for his service in North Africa, from 28 October 310 to 28 October 311, Volusianus was the Praefectus urbi of Rome. This was a special honor, as his taking up the posting in October 310 coincided with the very day five years before when Maxentius was acclaimed as emperor. From September 311 until the end of the year, he was the consul of Maxentius alongside Aradius Rufinus. This may have been an attempt to appease the aristocracy of Rome who were becoming discontented with Maxentius' rule. With the defeat and death of Maxentius at the hands of Constantine I in 312, Volusianus transferred his loyalty to the new emperor. He was recognized as one of the Comiti domini nostri Constantini invicti et perpetui semper Augusti (or Companion of the emperor Constantine), making him one of several senators who served under both Maxentius and Constantine, and his subsequent career under Constantine showed that the emperor was conscious of the need to win over the loyalty of the senatorial elite in Rome.

As his periods in office during the reign of Maxentius were not recognized, Volusianus was again appointed Urban Prefect of Rome, a position he held from 8 December 313 until 20 August 315. During this period he was also styled iudex sacrarum cognitionum, meaning he presided over judicial cases in the name of the emperor. This was followed by his appointment as consul prior alongside Petronius Annianus in 314. In gratitude for these appointments, Volusianus erected a statue of Constantine in Trajan's Forum, dedicated to the "restorer of the human race, enlarger of the Roman empire and dominion, and founder of eternal security." He also may have played a role in the construction of the Arch of Constantine, which was dedicated to the emperor after Constantine returned to Rome in July 315. However, in late 315, Volusianus was dismissed from office and later exiled by decree of the Senate as a result of his enemies gaining the ear of the emperor and bringing him into disgrace.

Volusianus was a member of the Quindecimviri sacris faciundis as well as possibly being one of the Septemviri epulonum. His family owned lands in Volaterrae and North Africa.

Volusianus was married to a Nummia Albina, and had at least one son, Ceionius Rufius Albinus, who was one of the consuls of 335.

References
 Bagnall, Roger S., Consuls of the Later Roman Empire (1987)
 Cameron, Alan, The Last Pagans of Rome (2010)
 Chenault, Robert R., Rome Without Emperors: The Revival of a Senatorial City in the Fourth Century CE (2008)
 Martindale, J. R.; Jones, A. H. M, The Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire, Vol. I AD 260–395, Cambridge University Press (1971)
 Van Dam, Raymond, Remembering Constantine at the Milvian Bridge (2011)

Notes

240s births
4th-century deaths
3rd-century Romans
4th-century Romans
Rufius Volusianus, Gaius
Imperial Roman consuls
Praetorian prefects
Roman governors of Africa
Urban prefects of Rome
Epulones of the Roman Empire
Year of birth uncertain
Year of death uncertain


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You are at:Home»Opinions»Columns»Religious tolerance in Maryland
Religious tolerance in Maryland
By Pioneer Sentinel on	 March 4, 2013 Columns, Opinions
By Travis Childs
Maryland is often revered as the colony that officially created religious tolerance. This is not wholly accurate. George Calvert, and his son Cecilius, created Maryland as a safe haven for Catholics. Unfortunately, not enough Catholics moved to Maryland to make it economically viable. As proof that it was business first and religion second, Maryland opened up settlement to Anglicans, who soon outnumbered the Catholics in the colony.
Catholics held the highest positions in the colony, but Protestants fought for control and Catholics feared as a minority religious group they would be persecuted in Maryland. For this reason, in 1649 Maryland established the Maryland Toleration Act granting freedom of worship to anyone who believed in the Trinity. Rather than a fundamental principle of Maryland, religious tolerance was an afterthought to protect Catholics from Protestants. The law did not protect any Christian denomination or any other group that did not believe in the Trinity, and legally prosecuted people who spoke against Christian beliefs.
Catholics were right to fear persecution in Maryland. In the 1650s, Puritans took over the colony and in 1654 repealed the act, making Catholicism and Anglicanism illegal. The Calverts regained the colony in 1658 and restored the act. In 1692, Puritans once again seized Maryland from the Calverts as part of the Glorious Revolution. Puritans repealed the act, this time for good, in 1702 they made Anglicanism the official colonial religion, and in 1718 they banned Catholics from voting.
In 1715, Benedict Calvert, great-grandson of George Calvert regained Maryland, but only after he converted to Anglicanism. Annapolis, created by Puritans, became the capital of Maryland. Catholics practiced their faith in secret until the American Revolution. Most scholars trace the First Amendment to Maryland, but perhaps that is less about the act of religious tolerance and more about the lack of religious tolerance.
Editors Note: Travis Childs is a history instructor at Cameron University in Lawton, Okla. He is a graduate of Midway High School and lives in Bluegrove. He is currently president of the Clay County Historical Society.
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The Orthodox churchman's magazine; or, A Treasury of divine and ..., Volume 5
The Most Rev. John Moore D.D. Lord Archbishop of Canterbury.
London Published Nov. 311803, by J. Spragg, N.16, King Street, Cov. Garden.
ORTHODOX CHURCH MAN's
MAGAZINE AND REVIEW,
A TREASURY
DIVINE AND USEFUL
No man liveth in that commonwealth where nothing is amiss: but yet because God hath so placed us Englishmen here in one Commonwealth, also in one Church, as in one Ship together, let us not mangle or divide the Ship, which being divided perisheth, but every man serve with diligence and, discretion in his order, wherein he is called.
FOR THE PROPRIETORS, AND SOLD BY J. SPRAGG, 16, king strECT,
ADDRESS TO THE PUBLIC.
HE ORTHODOX CHURCHMAN'S MAGAZINE has now been published upwards of two years; and it has received that kind of progressive encouragement, particularly from those persons whose approbation is the most flattering to the Editors, which affords the best earnest and the most auspicious omen of its permanent success,
The title of this publication sufficiently imports, that its main object is the preservation of the EPISCOPAL CHURCH OF THE UNITED KINGDOM, in her characteristic purity, both in doctrine and discpline. Such, indeed, are the dangers, to which that Church is now exposed, from open enemies, and from false friends, that the want of energy in her cause would be highly criminal in any one who has the privilege of belonging to her communion. What those dangers are, it is our duty to unfold; that all who have any regard for the interests of the Church, may be inspired with a seasonable and salutary alarm for her safety. Suffice it, however, to say in this place, that, in addition to the imminent hazard into which the Church is brought, by the decay of religion in general, and the consequent increase of infidelity; by the lukewarm and sceptical character of the age; and by the active and daring spirit of her ayowed enemics;-she has still more to fear from a wild and furious spirit of Fanaticism, which has burst forth in her very bosom, which misrepresents her doctrines, seduces many of her votaries from her plain, easy, and gladsome paths, into the perplexed and gloomy mazes of error and enthusiasm, and inspires multitudes, particularly among the lower classes, with hostility to her pure and devout worship, to her salutary discipline, and to her faithful ministers.
The toleration, which above all other establishments, this Church has always liberally cherished, has been, and is now, more than ever, made the means of encroaching upon her rights, and of perverting her doctrines. Her most venerable, dignified, and pious ministers, who have adorned religion by their example, and defended it by their learned labours, are frequently represented to the people as unfaithful to their trust, and unsound in their doctrine; and those are pointed out as the only True Churchmen, who promote ENTHUSIASM and encourage SCHISM.
Such being the confessed state of things amongst us in these "perilous times," the Editors of the ORTHODOX CHURCHMAN's MAGAZINE cannot doubt that such a work will receive the sanction and support of every sound member of the Church of England.
In order the more effectually to expose and counteract the artifices and attacks of those who are hostile to the Church, as well as to exhibit, in a just light, the exertions made by her friends for her preservation, it has been thought expedient to combine, with the appropriate objects of a MAGAZINE, a REVIEW of such publications as more immediately relate to religion and morals.
In these several departments we have to thank many gentlemen for the most valuable and liberal assistance. Happily, indeed, this pub
lication.
lication has had the effect of concentrating, in a considerable degree, the efforts of the friends of orthodoxy, throughout the United Kingdom, and of shewing that the established Church has a host of faithful adherents, fully able to cope with the legions of her adversaries. Never, perhaps, was a periodical publication so much indebted to gratuitous exertion never, certainly, was any one more benefited by communications from men of talents, learning, and piety. We hope for a continuance of that aid to which we, and indeed the public at large, are so much indebted and aware that the timely and public exposure of hostile machinations, is the ready way to render them abortive, we earnestly invite our Correspondents, from time to time, to transmit to us such well attested facts as may be calculated to expose the arts, or point out the progress of fanaticism, in different parts of the country.
We cannot refrain, on this occasion, from expressing an earnest wish, that our labours may be instrumental in securing to the Established Church the attachment of the rising generation. Our pages, we trust, will be deemed by those, who are invested with the important charge of education, well calculated to warn the ardent, but unsuspecting minds of generous youth, against the extraordinary snares by which they are encompassed, in these days of mad innovation, of wild fanaticism, and of daring contempt for the suggestions of experience, and for the institutions of antiquity, To those who in the shades of learned retirement are preparing for the busy scenes of active life, and on the soundness of whose principles and the correctness of whose views, will soon depend the welfare, the safety, and perhaps, the very existence of the state, we do not hesitate to appeal directly; flattering our selves that a regular and attentive perusal of this publication will inspire them with indignation against the base arts and sophistical reasonings by which our religious Establishment is now attacked; and, by convincing their judgment, and interesting their feelings, in favour of our Episcopal Church, animate them to a zealous defence of this essential part of the Constitution.
In order to render the ORTHODOX CHURCHMAN'S MAGAZINE AND REVIEW at once more interesting and instructive, we have thought proper to furnish an Obituary, in which particular care shall be taken to delineate faithfully the characters of deceased persons whose lives have entitled them to particular notice but the chief object of which is to record, and thereby to perpetuate, the services which shall have been rendered to the Church, by the eminent piety, or the active exertions of her faithful children. In this department also we particularly request the assistance of our Correspondents; that those persons, whose lives have done honour to their Christian profession, may, though dead, yet speak" to the living, with all that increase of force which good example instantly acquires, when elevated above the sphere of envy and prejudice in which living worth is ever confined and obscured.


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Today has proved a great day for Scotland's renewables industry.
First off the mark is the impressive news that we are among the top users of renewable energy in Europe, a tangible consequence of our leadership in this sector.
The second, hugely encouraging news is that a flagship tidal energy turbine in Orkney produced more electricity in its first year than the whole of Scotland's wave and tidal sector managed to produce before. We have momentum, now we must accelerate.
None of this has happened by accident. It's the result of forward-thinking policies, commitment and investment by Scottish Governments of all colours, in our abundant renewable resources.
Indeed the transformation of the electricity sector over the past ten years has seen renewable output rise from 24 per cent in 2010 to 68 per cent in 2017.
At the same time, of course, we have seen thousands of jobs created and costs of onshore wind, solar and offshore wind tumble.
We've clearly come a long way and that should be celebrated, but we can't rest on our laurels.
If we're to fulfil the ambition of the energy strategy published last year, which cemented the Scottish Government's ambitions to deliver half of all our energy from renewable sources by 2030, we need to transform how we heat our homes and offices and how we travel to work and school. Electrifying our heat and transport systems will have a significant role to play in delivering low-carbon heat and transport.
So how can we ensure the renewable sector continues to grow? First and foremost, we need the UK Government to urgently provide a route to market for mature technologies like onshore wind and solar and to support newer technologies like tidal power in the next auction round.
As the Committee on Climate Change recently advised, the UK Government's failure to take advantage of low-cost, low-risk options is unfairly penalising consumers who could enjoy lower energy bills.
Scotland is blessed to have limitless sources of renewable power, from wind to tidal to solar. Let's make sure in ten years' time, we are celebrating even more successes.