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CEE News Magazine Archive
Security wiring market basics
Interested in the security market? These five tips will get you off to the right start.A funny thing happened on the way to the voice/data market for many electrical contractors. Companies discovered the security market, a fast-growing offshoot of the mainstream low-voltage wiring business that's now pegged as a $16 billion market. Security wiring is a logical extension of the core power wiring business
Jim Lucy | Jan 01, 2001
Interested in the security market? These five tips will get you off to the right start.
A funny thing happened on the way to the voice/data market for many electrical contractors. Companies discovered the security market, a fast-growing offshoot of the mainstream low-voltage wiring business that's now pegged as a $16 billion market. Security wiring is a logical extension of the core power wiring business for electrical contractors. The following five tips can help you learn more about this growing market opportunity:
1. Research the market.
This is a huge market, and once you begin to study it, you may be surprised at how much security work is done on the same job sites where you already do business. The article below on this page focuses on the opportunities available with residential security systems. While residential security work is by some measures the fastest-growing segment of this business, most security systems are installed in commercial, industrial, institutional, retail and government facilities such as offices, factories, stores, hospitals, schools, universities, casinos, prisons, military bases and other government buildings, such as court rooms. The "Online Resources" factoid on this page offers some sources of information on this market.
2. Use your stature on the job site to get a piece of the security action.
In business as in life, it helps to be in the right place at the right time. There's little doubt that electrical contractors are in a prime position to grab a commanding share of the security market. The basic circuitry used in most security systems is much simpler than the circuits used in power wiring, so electrical contractors won't have any trouble understanding the technical nuances of this market.
The fact that electrical contractors are already on the job site when security systems are prewired is also a point in their favor, because it's easier for them to pull the wire at that time than for another company to come on the job.
Score another point for electrical contractors doing low-voltage cabling, because security wiring is now a common feature in newer structured wiring systems. Contractors are already wiring buildings for power, lighting control, telecommunications, computers and other communications systems, so wiring buildings for security is a natural extension for electrical contractors.
3. Get a toe in the market by pulling wire for security specialists.
While many opportunities exist for electrical contractors in the security market, there's also plenty of established competition. Security wiring specialists aren't going to welcome companies onto their turf with open arms. They often need electrical companies on the job to do some of the "grunt work," like pulling wire. This is often the case on union job sites. Many of these security specialists are not unionized, so they need union contractors in some markets to do this installation work. They will call on unionized electrical contractors to get jobs started. Security specialists still do the more lucrative work themselves, like system design, programming and maintenance. However, pulling wire for security specialists is a good way for electrical contractors to get a taste of the security market.
4. Don't overlook the security-system needs of one of the fastest-growing segments of the electrical construction market.
There's no question that the Columbine High School tragedy sparked increased security concerns at schools and universities. According to the results of a survey published in May 2000 by American School and University and Access Control and Security Systems magazines, public schools spent an estimated $795 million on security systems - an average of $19.28 per student - in 2000. Electrical contractors are in position to cash in on this concern with student safety, because that report said more respondents plan to install CCTV and ID card systems than any other security systems. These are security systems that electrical contractors can and do install. About 40% of school administrators surveyed said they plan to install CCTV systems, followed by 29% of the respondents who planned to install ID card systems. Access-control card systems also ranked high, with 24% of the respondents planning an installation of these systems.
5. Use your years of expertise in lighting installations.
One security application that cuts across all commercial, industrial, institutional, retail and government installations is parking lot lighting. While some people may not think of lighting products as security-related equipment, security experts see lighting as a major deterrent to crime. According to an article posted at securitysolutions.com, lighting may be the most influential security factor, and good lighting deters crime in parking lots and parking decks.
One security consultant brought in a lighting expert to check lighting levels and make recommendations for the consulting work that he does for retail applications. Len DeCarlo, president of Quest Security Services, New Wilmington, Pa., said in the article on the securitysolutions.com Web site that IESNA recommendations call for lighting levels of a minimum of 2 footcandles for high-traffic sites such as athletic stadiums and large shopping centers and 5 footcandles for enclosed parking decks. However, he said many big-box retailers want 5 footcandles to 6 footcandles, and many customers will want twice that. DeCarlo also recommends metal-halide lighting over mercury-vapor and high-pressure sodium because of its superior color rendering abilities.
- Wire and cable
- Passive infrared motion detectors
- Control keypads
- Wireless transmitters and receivers
- Closed-circuit television (CCTV) and other video surveillance products
- Fire alarms, smoke detectors and other life-safety devices
- Powerline carrier devices
- Sound/intercom systems
- Batteries/power supplies
- Annunciators
- Access controls/systems
www.asumag.com If you need information on trends in security system installations in schools and universities, check out American School and University magazine. The publication's landmark survey on the state of school security, published in May 2000 in partnership with Access Control and Security Systems Integration magazine, is also available online. Like CEE News, AS&U and Access Control and Security Systems Integration are published by Intertec Publishing Corp., Overland Park, Kan.
www.securitysolutions.com In addition to the recent study it co-published with AS&U, the Web site of Access Control and Security Systems Integration magazine offers articles on security market trends and information on security products such as closed-circuit television sensors and electronic gates.
www.alarm.org/Industry/Links This is a comprehensive listing of links on the security market that's provided on the National Burglar and Fire Alarm Association (NFBFAA) Web site.
www.sdm.com The Web site for Security Distributing and Marketing magazine offers users a broad range of news, new product information and resources.
www.siaonline.org Security Industry Association (SIA) members are involved in CCTV, access control, biometrics, computer security, fire/burglar alarms and home automation systems.
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Dorking Unlocked, Music & Arts Festival
The Street, Surrey Vineyard Church
The Calling, Surrey Arts Promo
Adapto San Isidro, Hearing Specialist
Making films for business
Video production is now one of the most direct ways to reach your target audience and engage customers with your brand, spreading awareness and generating sales. With over 15 years professional experience in the broadcast television Ricsblake Films has access to many industry professionals such as editors, graphics artists, producers and directors. Ricsblake Films was established to handle all aspects of media production and corporate video production. We have produced many films in various capacities, including online branding, promos and sporting events. Drawing on Ricardo's experience and network Ricsblake Films can handle all of the vital aspects needed to complete a film including: script; pre-production; logistics; recruiting, editing, and filming.
Media Production and Corporate Video Production
Ricsblake Films has produced projects as a Media Production Company for clients including RedBull, the National Trust and GlaxoSmithKline. Sporting events, Art house features and online branding campaigns are examples of what we can supply clients as a Media Production Company. With over 6 years experience editing on Final Cut Pro, Ricardo's versatility, proficiency as a camera operator and producer allow projects to be completed in house from small low-budget films to high end productions. Ricsblake Films has access to a network of freelancers depending on a client's budget from the point of conception to delivery.
Call us on 07905 782821 or email
Deliverable To film a documentary covering the Red Bull Steeplechase
Ricardo sourced a seven-man crew to cover the 4-hour, 21 mile fell running competition in the Peak District. The production was a huge challenge logistically as the fastest runner could cover the terrain in just over four hours but vehicles were limited to accessing only the surrounding areas. Three operators had to alternate their positions so that all Steeplechase checkpoints could be covered, and under a strict timetable. Pre-planning was imperative, and Ricardo worked with the corporate video production crew to co-produce and pre-plan the production. Several finished deliverables were uploaded online, one short highlight package within a day of the event finish, and one longer highlights piece (seen here) a week later. Both received thousands of views
Surrey County Council/Arts Council England/National Trust
Deliverable To create a highlights package to commemorate the Harvest Celebration
Ricardo was entrusted to film and edit a corporate video production to capture an art council funded 'Harvest Celebration" event. A collective of various art forms such as sculpture, singing and photography Surrey Unearthed looked to document the event in an art house film. He was part of a seven-person crew and was involved in the planning, pre-production, filming and editing of the piece. The production captured the art event which featured two a cappella groups of singers performing at the top and bottom of National Trust site BoxHill in Dorking over a mile radius at sunset. Thankfully the weather held, and at dusk the sky turned the same red as the LED hay bales turning the event into something truly special that the client felt Ricsblake Films had captured beautifully.
New Life Church
Deliverable To produce a short film to increase online presence
Ricsblake Films worked closely with the client in the beginning to make sure the storyline would suit the client's needs. Casting, scouting locations and obtaining the correct permits to film, we also undertook the fundamental task of scriptwriting. No film would work if the script was weak so a scriptwriter was contracted to structure the storyline whilst working closely with the client to figure out the best way of transmitting a message that could handle such sensitive material in a mature and considered form. Instead of using religion the client's brief was to target a new audience by appealing more to their humanity. Filmed over two days, actors were briefed on their characters but no dialogue was written, all improvised their parts and what resulted was a highly rewarding collaborative creative process which the client deemed a huge success.
Affordable Website Design by DotGO
This is the Media Production webpage of https://www.ricsblakefilms.com. It has been created by Ricsblake Films - Director of photography, Freelance lighting camera man and Corporate video production Over the years we have built a network of editors, motion graphics artists, producers and directors all at a high professional level enabling us to put together a team capable of handling all aspects of media production and corporate video production. Get in touch today to discuss your requirements. service and Director of Photography and Media Production We hope that this webpage provides you with lots of useful information. Surrey and

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
<?php

namespace Magento\Sales\Observer;

use Magento\Framework\Event\ObserverInterface;

/**
 * Sales entity grids indexing observer.
 *
 * Performs handling of events related to indexing
 * of Order, Invoice, Shipment and Creditmemo grids.
 */
class GridAsyncInsertObserver implements ObserverInterface
{
    /**
     * @var \Magento\Sales\Model\GridAsyncInsert
     */
    protected $asyncInsert;

    /**
     * @param \Magento\Sales\Model\GridAsyncInsert $asyncInsert
     */
    public function __construct(
        \Magento\Sales\Model\GridAsyncInsert $asyncInsert
    ) {
        $this->asyncInsert = $asyncInsert;
    }

    /**
     * Handles asynchronous insertion of the new entity into
     * corresponding grid during cron job.
     *
     * Also method is used in the next events:
     *
     * - config_data_dev_grid_async_indexing_disabled
     *
     * Works only if asynchronous grid indexing is enabled
     * in global settings.
     *
     * @param \Magento\Framework\Event\Observer $observer
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     * @SuppressWarnings(PHPMD.UnusedFormalParameter)
     */
    public function execute(\Magento\Framework\Event\Observer $observer)
    {
        $this->asyncInsert->asyncInsert();
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


ever seeing a White Christmas here, actually.
just to get out among the festive.
Another book at Barnes and Noble, perhaps?
pelicans and styled snapping turtles.
SHREVEPORT — It's Christmas in Louisiana! Well, it's Christmas everywhere, but my spot on this blog is usually from a Louisiana perspective, so I wanted to bring a little Louisiana flavor to your Christmas Eve.
We don't usually have snow for Christmas; I can't recall ever seeing a White Christmas here, actually. It's brisk and cool today with beautiful blue skies – perfect for getting out and doing that last minute shopping, and I'll be honest, I've been finished for days but I am trying to think of some little errand I need to do just to get out among the festive. Another book at Barnes and Noble, perhaps?
In Louisiana, Christmas means seafood; particularly on Christmas Eve. I'm making a gumbo this afternoon which we will eat after we go to the early church service this evening. In the grocery store yesterday I could tell I was not alone in my intentions; many other people were also buying shrimp, andouille sausage, and the tell tale sign: bell peppers, onions, and celery.
Further south than my own northwest corner, down toward Baton Rouge, today is filled with festivities along the Mississippi River as families and other groups gather to make last minute preparations for the bonfires along the Mississippi River levee.
Gaudet goes on to explain that in recent years the bonfires have become more of a tourist spectacle than in years past, and the traditional tepee style bonfires have given way to giant pelicans and styled snapping turtles.


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Alternative Facts, Chaos Presidency, Cult Trump, Donald Trump, Donald Tweet Storm	— November 12, 2018
Hear the one about Trump? You've probably heard a lot
Did you hear the one about President Trump? Or, more precisely, did you hear all 3,128 jokes?
A think tank that has studied the content of late-night comedy for the past 26 years said Donald Trump was the butt of more jokes in 2017 than any other public figure has for a single year. By a lot.
He beat the previous record of 1,816, set by Trump as a presidential candidate in 2016, said the Center for Media and Public Affairs at George Mason University in a study released Friday. Prior to that, the record was 1,717 by former President Bill Clinton in 1998, the year of Monica Lewinsky.
"Trump makes Bill Clinton look like a piker when it comes to political humor," said Robert Lichter, head of the center. The study looked at opening monologue jokes on shows hosted by Stephen Colbert, Jimmy Fallon, Jimmy Kimmel and Trevor Noah last year.
There were a total of 6,337 political jokes in the show's monologues last year, and Trump was the subject of nearly half of them.
Presidential humor has always been a staple of late-night comedy, but hosts would often make a couple of jokes about the president and quickly move on to other news stories, said Bill Carter, author of "The Late Shift" about the television comedy shows. That's not the case anymore, he said.
"Rarely is there another news story that provides fodder enough for the writers," Carter said. "The writers seem to be consumed, as the nation is consumed, as the news media is consumed. There's an endless and bottomless supply."
Colbert has vaulted to the top of the late-night ratings with a Trump-centric approach, and his rivals have taken notice.
Trump's presidency has left many in the country in a state of high anxiety, and comedy provides an outlet, Carter said.
Carter used to think that viewers would get tired of all the Trump jokes, but now he's not so sure.
"If Colbert came out and didn't do a monologue about Trump, you'd say, 'What happened?'" he said.
The constant firehose of news coming from the president exhausts reporters along with providing material for the comic writers, he said. That has its downside, however, since late-night writers frequently complain about having to throw jokes out and write new ones late in the afternoon, he said.
Curated from Hear the one about Trump? You've probably heard a lot
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One Lie Becomes More Lies: Lying Is Traced to Brain Changes
The Great Acceleration Death Trap
CNN's Jake Tapper: Trump is the only person on "Obama tapped my phone island."
Trump considering changes at 'three or four or five' Cabinet positions
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Now is the time for us all to reflect back to the 2015 preseason where we can all look at our bold predictions (and yes, MANY were bold) and laugh at ourselves for thinking that we knew anything about anything when it came to predicting the 2015 season.
For starters, pretty much nobody was even close on any predictions for the playoff and/or championship. The best anyone did was Tom Luginbill, who correctly predicted two of the four teams in the playoff (Alabama and OU). Other than that, most people didn't even get one team right.
On Heisman predictions, nobody even had Derrick Henry on their radar, so let's move on.
Brad Edwards knocked the ball out of the park, going 7-2 on the season totals bets. Really impressive stuff. Chris Fallica also had a winning record at 9-7 on the totals.
Things are graded pretty arbitrarily below and not included in our official record, but we can still have some fun with it. Looking back, most people below tried to get pretty cute with their preseason picks (myself included), and cute usually doesn't end up winning. Take a look below, have some laughs, and enjoy.
The 2015-16 season of college football brought excitement and many hours wasted in front of the television, and it is with great sadness that we now enter the offseason. However, that also means that it is time to crown the 2015-16 GAMEDAYCOLE.COM SEASON CHAMPION!!! Competition was fierce this year, with 4,271 picks tracked this year and an average correct pick rate of 70.03% on the season. We had 33 competitors eligible for this year's championship, and it is without further adieu that I present to you our 2015-16 season champion, Mr. Phil Steele!
Mr. Steele finished off this season with a record of 597-174 straight up and 121-105-2 against the spread, which comes out to 77.03% straight up and 53.54% against the spread. I don't know what his secret is to picking games. Maybe it is his computer. Maybe it is the mustache. Maybe it is the fact that he hasn't slept since June due to football. Whatever it is, it works. Congratulations Phil. You can now add this to your long and impressive resume, and no doubt impress acquaintances at cocktail parties with this accolade.
There are plenty of other notes to get to for this season's wrap up. As you may notice, Greg McElroy topped the straight up percentages on the year at 84.54% with a record of 82-15 on the year. While this is impressive and deserving of congratulations, he was hurt by the limited number of games he picked, and the fact that his picks are almost entirely SEC conference picks. Phil Steele had a much larger body of work, and combined with his win rate against the spread that was enough to vault him over McElroy on the season. Next year we will probably have a separate award for the experts focusing on a single conference, but it is too late to be starting that nonsense right now.
Lee Corso's headgear picks on the year were his worst year on record. He went 6-12 on the year in the headgear picks due to some tough breaks and close losses on underdogs. Charley the Cat had a season on par with Coach Corso, and ended up squeezing out a 7-11 season to beat Corso on the year picking games. Gameday Jen had her best season on record, going 153-59 (72.17%) on the year, so watch out Phil; she is coming for you! Maybe next year we'll have her pick against the spread and make us some money. Our Gameday guest celebrities had an abysmal year at 56.39% picking games straight up this year. Maybe you shouldn't be trusting Rick Ross, the Philly Phanatic, or Eric Church for your betting advice after all.
You can see the full rankings below to see how everyone else did on the year. We will be putting together a recap of preseason predictions this week to see how great everyone's preseason picks surely went, so keep an eye out for that and much more to come.
Welcome back ladies and gentlemen. With the fantastic CFB Playoff championship game in the books last night, that means the bowl season has ended. It is now time that we look back and review how all of our competitors did playing a little bit of Bowl Mania pick'em.
We had 12 of our expert predictors and prognosticators who picked enough of the bowl games to qualify for our championship competition this year. As with most things around here, it is all subjective and up to my judgment as to what to make of all of this mess. Not everyone picked the Celebration Bowl between NC A&T and Alcorn State. Some of us picked it, and it ended up being quite profitable. Not everyone had a qualifying CFB Playoff Championship pick, because some of them picked before the playoff and had Oklahoma playing in the championship game. And for some reason, Pat Forde refused to pick any bowl games involving 5-7 teams, but since he still picked most of them I have granted him a waiver. Without further adieu, I present to you this year's Gamedaycole.com official bowl championship rankings.
As you can see, Cole's picks came out on top this year coming in at 32-10. Not to toot my own too much, but I'm pretty good at picking bowl games. Pay no attention to last year's results behind the curtain where I went 20-18 in Bowl Mania. Anyways, since I can't very well give myself an award for picking bowl games (I guess I could since it is my site), we are proud to announce that Joey Galloway has won the 2015-16 Gamedaycole.com Bowl Season Championship at 31-11!
We had a grand total of 59 experts who participated in bowl season this year, and for the full results you can check out the list below to see how your favorite (or most hated) personality did during bowl season. Since my full list of bowl picks for all of these people is over 30 pages long, you'll just have to take my word on it for now. Congratulations to everyone who participated this year.


text:
Q: How to get a parent record ID when making a new record from the custom detail list "Make a New Record" button? Original question here.
Right now, there is NO record being returned with :
this.enroll = (Enroled_Contact__c)stdController.getRecord();
as a result, parentId is empty.
How do I get the parent's record ID when I'm making a new record from the parent record's related list view?
I have a custom button that will call a VF page. The controller will check if there is a parent ID, if not, it will throw error, else it will take user to a different page.
It should be possible by passing params via Javascript but with this code :
{!REQUIRESCRIPT("/soap/ajax/30.0/connection.js")}
{!REQUIRESCRIPT("/soap/ajax/30.0/apex.js")}

window.open("/apex/NewEnroledContactError?id={!Enrolment__c.Id}", "toolbar=no, menubar=no", "_self");

it opens a new window (should display in same tab, no change of focus).
HOWEVER, I'm running into many problems.
I'm getting TWO logs for every time I click on the button, instead of one. In the first log, it correctly shows the right info in the debug, but in the 2nd its gone, all the required info is NULL.
How to solve this?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Regardless of your type of business, your ability to communicate with employees, customers, clients, vendors and others is critical to your success. This makes choosing the right voice and data vendor one of your most important business decisions.
There are countless companies supplying voice and data services today, so your decision requires planning and research to ensure that you find the provider that is best for your business.
Meet with your employees to discuss the various types of communications they need and usewhen communicating with customers, partners, and suppliers.
Analyze your type of business and the type of data that needs to be exchanged electronically. For example, do you typically send and receive large graphics files or simply text documents?
Make a map of usage patterns at your business. This will help you determine bandwidth requirements and identify typical daily demands on voice vs. data usage throughout the workday.
Understand your network infrastructure. This is important to know so your vendors can easily determine the compatibility of their system with your network.
Call Routing: Calls can be manually or automatically routed from office numbers to cell phones or home phones and other lines when employees are away from the business.
Convert voicemail calls to texts or emails: This feature lets you and your employees receive transcriptions of voicemail messages to read at your leisure and keep a record of the content of important communications.
Data Integration Linking: Many providers offer a feature that displays an inbound screen showing a customer's complete relationship history when a call comes in from their number. This feature is essential for maximizing sales in many types of businesses.
Usage Reporting: View data usage over time to adjust services and manage costs more effectively.
Caller ID: Screening calls before they are answered is a capability that lets you better handle customers and clients and better manage calls from vendors and other business associates.
Call Monitoring: Monitor how employees handle customer calls to make training more effective.
Auto Attendant: This feature provides a programmable menu that lets you automatically direct callers to the proper extension and make your business appear more professional.
Audio and Video Conferencing: Have the ability to put multiple people onto a call at the same time to better handle project planning and other business meetings with internal and external participants.
Do Not Disturb: Just as it states, this feature lets you stop incoming calls to your phone line during meetings and other times you do not want to be interrupted.
Hold Music: Choose what your callers hear while on hold when calling your business.
Select a vendor that can continue to serve your needs as you grow. Determine the bandwidth and the features necessary to operate your business efficiently now, then project what you might need to accommodate more employees and more capabilities in the future.
Request recommendations from trusted colleagues.
To avoid potential confusion and reduce the time you spend on this important evaluation, it is probably best to limit your evaluation to three vendors. Recommendations are probably your best option for choosing which vendors to evaluate.
Are you a licensed and authorized dealer for the technology you offer?
How many certified trained employees work for your company?
What do you provide that your competition does not?
What other businesses like mine do you serve?
What is your percentage of guaranteed uptime?
Do they offer the type of technology you need and is it compatible with your network?
Is the voice quality good?
Do they provide the user features you have determined are needed for your operation?
Can they provide the bandwidth you need now and can they continue to serve your needs as your company grows?
How many individuals will be assigned to help implement — then support — your service?
better know you and your operation.
important issue. Paying too little and not getting what you need can hurt your operation.
maintaining it and supporting it.
Find out the turnaround time on parts — can they be delivered quickly when needed?
Request the names and numbers of three references of companies they serve that are similar to yours. Then call and interview them.
Ask to see a live demonstration of the systems you are considering.
Visit one or more of the sites of customers using the same systems you are evaluating.
It's also important to find a vendor with the right attitude. You want your communication system provided by individuals willing to take the time to understand your situation and needs, then proactively alert you to new features and technologies that will help you better run your business long into the future.


[Deadline: 4 September] Expedia Taiwan – Market Associate – We welcome fresh and recent graduates! APPLY NOW!
About Expedia's Global Market Management: "Bringing Home the Goods!" For us, sales is an ongoing relationship, something to treasure and take pride in. We challenge ourselves every day. Our Global Market Management team is dedicated to developing partnerships with hotels around the world to deliver best-in class booking options for our global travelers. Our goal is to help our partners do better business. We are not simply selling a product; we're nurturing long-term, mutually beneficial relationships. Our sales team believes trust and value have the biggest impact on the company's bottom line.
Please note you will need the appropriate work visa and native-level fluency in the location, i.e. Taipei, you are applying for. To apply, please submit your resume online to: http://bit.ly/2bvPNGd. Application deadline is 4 September 2016.


Note that at the prices which utilities are likely to be paying for current delivery, only one third of the cost of the fuel loaded into a nuclear reactor is the actual ex mine (or other) supply. The balance is mostly the cost of enrichment and fuel fabrication, with a small element for uranium conversion.
Historically, spot prices are more volatile than long term prices. The spot price began the year at $34.25 per pound U3O8and ended the year at $20.25 per pound U3O8. In the early part of 2017, the uranium price has gained some momentum, trading in the $25.00 per pound U3O8 range, and was last quoted at $25.50 per pound U3O8 on March 20, 2017.
Rising uranium prices since 2001 have increased interest in uranium mining in Arizona, Colorado, Texas and Utah. The states with the largest known uranium ore reserves (not counting byproduct uranium from phosphate) are (in order) Wyoming, New Mexico, and Colorado.
At the end of 2016, estimated uranium reserves were 60 million pounds U 3 O 8 at a maximum forward cost of up to $30 per pound. At up to $50 per pound, estimated reserves were 160 million pounds U 3 O 8.
2016 Domestic Uranium Production Report U.S.
The mining of uranium ores by both underground and EPA maintains a database that contains information on the approximately 15,000 mine locations with uranium. Cost.
The High Cost of Uranium in Navajoland, by Bruce E.
CRU's examination of global uranium mining costs has found that weighted average global Site Costs fell by $1 /lb in 2015, to $31 /lb.
The future of uranium – higher prices to come?
Cameco is a world leader in low cost uranium production. We produce about 16% of world mine production from our operations in Canada, United States and Kazakhstan.
Aug 21, 2017The author is a Forbes Maiden Economics Indicate Arrow Uranium Mine's Cost Profile the world's largest and lowest cost uranium mine.
U3O8.BIZ, The Business of Uranium. The top producing uranium mine in 2015 was McArthur River, which is majority owned by Cameco.
Uranium Stocks: What to Watch in 2018 A viable option is to stop mining uranium at steep losses and cut costs wherever possible.
Uranium mining by country The country mining the largest amount The collapse of uranium prices caused all conventional mining to cease by 1992.
As of May 2009, Uranium cost approximately $100 for 1 kilogram of unrefined uranium oxide U3O8 As of 8 August 2011, the price of uranium is US $115 for 1 kg (51,5 US $ per pound), for natural uranium in the form of the unrefined uranium oxide (U3O8).
In recent years, the cost of mining and milling uranium ores has increased in Australia as a result of the mining boom.
David Thorpe: The effects of uranium mining are disastrous. And what of the other costs? Over half of the world's uranium is in Australia and Canada.
In Situ Leach (ISL) Mining of Uranium Fig 2. Alternating lines of injection and extraction This pattern has a relatively low installation cost and is simple to install.
Jan 04, 2016The author is a Forbes contributor. The opinions expressed are those of the writer. This kept uranium prices, and uranium mining production, low.
An online introductory slide presentation about uranium, depleted UF6, uranium processing, health and environmental risks associated with depleted UF6 management, the Depleted UF6 Management Program, and the Programmatic Environmental Impact Statement (PEIS).


It was a two-rookie debut night for the Braves with the Dodgers in town and a buzz among the Tuesday crowd of more than 32,000 at SunTrust Park, large for an early week game in Atlanta against anyone other than the Cubs, Cardinals, Yankees or Red Sox.
Second baseman Ozzie Albies and pitcher Lucas Sims weren't enough to help the Braves end a losing streak that reached six games with a 3-2 defeat in a series opener against the Dodgers, but each made a good impression and the Braves made things interesting in the eighth when Albies drew a walk and fellow rookie Johan Camargo followed with a two-run homer.
The Braves, losers of 12 of 15 games since they got back to .500, had the potential tying run at third base when Freddie Freeman hit a soft flare to third base to end the inning.
The Dodgers are a stunning 20-2 since July 4, their only losses in that stretch coming against the Braves in consecutive games July 20-21. They won 11 straight before that and nine in a row since.
Sims allowed six hits and three runs in six innings with no walks and three strikeouts, and both he and Albies — 0-for-2, one walk — heard plenty of applause each time they were introduced.
All the promise in the air and thoughts of a brighter future for the Braves couldn't help muster anything in seven scoreless innings against Dodgers starter Kenta Maeda (10-4), but they broke through in the eighth after a leadoff walk from Albies against reliever Josh Ravin in Albies' third MLB plate appearance (he grounded out and flied out in the first two).
Camargo followed with his third home run to cut the lead to 3-2, and Brandon Phillips kept the rally going with a first-pitch pinch-hit single off left-hander Tony Watson. Phillips advanced on an Ender Inciarte sacrifice and went to third on a ground-out before Freeman ended the inning.
Maeda didn't give up a hit until the fifth inning and limited the Braves to two hits and one walk with six strikeouts while not allowing a runner to reach second base. After Freeman drew a two-out walk in the first inning, the right-hander retired the next 10 batters before Tyler Flowers' leadoff single in the fifth.
The Braves have lost nine of 10 games since their shocking wins in the first two games of a four-game series at Dodger Stadium, two of only seven losses for the Dodgers during a blistering 40-6 run since June 7 and their only consecutive losses in that period.
During that torrid stretch, they rank first in the majors in home runs and ERA in that stretch and first in the National League in scoring and OPS.
They built a 3-0 lead against Sims with a run apiece in the third, fourth and fifth innings. The first of those might have been unearned if a leadof double by Yasiel Puig in the third inning had been ruled an error by third baseman Danny Santana on a call that could've gone either way. One bunt later, Chris Taylor doubled for a 1-0 lead.
Cody Bellinger led off the fourth inning with a homer on a 2-2 pitch, the 29th for the overwhelming favorite to win NL Rookie of the Year.
The Dodgers added a run in the third when Puig led off with a single, moved up on a sacrifice, then stole third and came home on catcher Flowers' throwing error on the play.
Since scoring 18 runs those two wins against the Dodgers July 20-21, the Braves have lost nine of their past 10 and scored three runs or fewer seven times in that stretch.
And after sweeping the Diamondbacks in the first three games coming back from the All-Star break to get back to .500 at the 90-game mark, the Braves have lost 12 of 15 and scored three runs or fewer in 10 of those games including two runs or fewer in six games.
And for one night, the disappointment over the final score was tempered a bit by the positive vibes generated by the two Braves rookied who debuted and the other rookie who hit a two-run homer.


Bright Symphony is a melange of bright blooms peppered along a field's edge. The coastal villages of Fife where I grew up flow along the coast connected by farmland. The grasses and crops are bordered by wildflowers that dance in the sea breeze.


text:
Tag Archives: genealogy
Newfoundland Mi'kmaq
Journey to Anne Marie
October 18, 2018 Dorothy	Leave a comment
Marie Rundquist writes about her journey into her family history. Not the history she heard from her mother and grandmother, although it's part of the story. The story Ms. Rundquist tells starts with a DNA test she took.
"Under My Wings Every Thing Prospers" New Orleans, J. L. Bouqueto de Woiseri 1803
The test didn't lead to what, and where, she expected. Instead, it took her on a long journey through US archival history and then to Nova Scotia.
Marie Rundquist lives in Maryland and was born there. She decided to do a DNA test to learn more about herself, and the results surprised her. Some genetic markers didn't add up with what she'd been told. So she started looking for the pieces missing in the family stories but present in her genes. Her tale is fascinating. I read part of it on the Cape Breton University website.
I am bemused by the popularity of DNA testing. It's interesting, sure. Useful for medical information, of course. But its value for identity, for who you are? As the memes say, if you need a test to tell you that you are X or Y, you're not.
"The Acadians" panel 4, Sylvia Lefkovitz 1956, Université Sainte-Anne NS
So I surprised myself when I became engrossed in Ms. Rundquist's story. Even the scientific bits. She explains DNA testing so that even I can understand it.
Then she starts the story, or stories. One her mother and grandmother told her. The second begins with the mtDNA test. It shows genetics through the maternal line. For Ms. Rundquist, the two didn't match. Some genetic markers showing place didn't make sense with the geographic history she had been told.
"Acadians" (Inset) by Samuel Scott, Annapolis Royal 1751, Art Gallery of Nova Scotia
Like a forensic sculptor, she fleshed out the genetic skeleton. Her clay was archival materials and a community of relatives. The relatives weren't those she knew. They were the list of genetic matches provided by the DNA testing company.
With their help, archives and her mother's stories, she traced a journey back in time. She found a new history. Some parts intersected, others were way off. But put together, it's a fuller story. Still not complete, but with new layers that mesh even if gaps remain.
"Micmac Indian Camp in Nova Scotia" by M. S. Kendall 1899 (private collection)
The gaps are as interesting as the filled spaces in the way Ms. Rundquist writes about what this means for her self-identity. If you've ever said "I know I'm X but I don't know how," or "I thought I was X but found out I'm Y," read this.
It shows the beauty of a journey. There are some answers, but best are the loose ends. They invite pondering, by readers as well as the writer, about lost history and the nature of identity.
You can get Marie Rundquist's books, Revisiting Anne Marie and Cajun By Any Other Name at DNA-Genealogy-History. You can read my DNA Tests for a far less inquisitive look at family origins. Gallery Gevik has more of Sylvia Lefkovitz's incredible art.
AcadiansCajunsDNAgenealogyMi'kmaqNova Scotia
Genevieve Jane Duffenais
May 12, 2017 Dorothy	4 Comments
Dear readers, I need your help. I am looking for the parents of Genevieve Jane Duffenais or Duffney. She married George Hynes. They lived in the Gravels on the Port au Port Peninsula. They had several children, among them Elvina Julia Hynes (1870-1907). Elvina married William Thomas Gillam in 1899.
Genevieve Jane Duffenais chart
Who were Genevieve's parents? Were they Jean (or John) Frederick Dauphinee (1791-1851) and Mary Anne LeJeune/Young (1794-1871)?
Some genealogies I've seen show them as having a daughter Genevieve, with no husband or children listed.
Others list two daughters, Genevieve Jane (born 1833, married George Hynes), and Genevieve (born 1843, no husband).
Some show Genevieve Jane Duffenais/Duffney as wife of George Hynes, but do not give her parents' names.
One online family tree has John Frederick and Mary Anne has having daughters Jane (born 1833 married George Hynes) and Genevieve (born 1843, no husband shown).
Another tree (#87 – michaeldauphinee.ca is gone) has John Frederick married twice. With first wife, Mary Anne Young, he had 4 children. He and second wife Rebecca Elizabeth Morash had 8 children, including Jane Duffenais (1833-1909, married George Haynes) and Genevieve (b 1843). But I saw that second wife only in that tree and I haven't been able to learn anything more about Rebecca Elizabeth Morash.
In Sandy Point Anglican Baptism records, the Hynes children's parents are listed as George & Jane.
Jane was often used as a short form of Genevieve, but it's also a name in its own right. So you might have a Jane and a Genevieve in the same family. But it's not likely that you'd give the same name to two children who both were alive.
Elizabeth L. A. Gillam Tabor
I found out that Elvina Hynes and Thomas Gillam had a daughter named Elizabeth Louisa Alexandria. She moved to New Brunswick and has descendants here. I thought it would be fun to trace the family back in Newfoundland. That was when I saw the problem with Genevieve. So if anyone can help, I thank you very much.
Bay St. GeorgeDuffenaisgenealogyNew BrunswickPort au Port
Fortune Bay NL
May 5, 2017 Dorothy	90 Comments
Devon Griffin wrote the following about Fortune Bay and the family of Elizabeth Saunders. He sent it as a comment on Newfoundland Mi'kmaq Family History. But with so much information that people are seeking, I asked if I could post it on its own. He kindly agreed and provided photos.
Fortune Bay: English Harbour East right of centre, Terrenceville far right. Click to enlarge
Martha Murphy Hynes
Martha Murphy's parents were Walter Murphy & Bridget Ryan of Oderin and Little Harbour West, Placentia Bay. She had several siblings. (Martha married Joseph Hynes, son of Elizabeth Saunders and Thomas Hynes. After Martha's death, Joseph married Mary Smith, daughter of John Smith and Elizabeth Vaters of Davis Island.)
Martha died on Feb 28 1884 in English Harbour East, and she's buried in St. Bernard's (The only RC cemetery on that side of Fortune Bay at the time) and her headstone still exists there.
Mary Bridget (Murphy) Barron, d/o John Murphy
I'm currently working on the Murphy family as it seems there was some Mi'kmaq blood in the family, but we are unsure how. They had some affiliation with native people in the Swift Current area in the early- to mid-1800s. If you look at Martha's brother John Murphy's daughters, they are very Mi'kmaq in appearance.
Smiths and Hacketts
Anastasia (Murphy) Smith, d/o John Murphy, with grandchild
Elizabeth (also known as Betsy) Smith Hackett's parents were William Smith & Elizabeth Whittle. She married William Hackett. He died on May 17 1884 in English Harbour East according to Gertrude Crosbie's transcription of NL Newspapers. Betsy's sister Martha Smith married William Hackett's brother, Thomas Hackett.
There also is some speculation about an early connection between the Hacketts and the Saunders. A Joseph Hackett was in Fortune Bay in 1818 according to the Keith Matthews collection at the Maritime History Archive. Dorothy, I'm not sure if you have seen it before but there was a Joseph Hackett in Labrador in the 1820s recorded as a half-Indian. Interesting the name shows up in both places.
Elizabeth Saunders Family
Also, more information on the Saunders. Elizabeth (Saunders) Hynes was indeed of Mi'kmaq origin. Her parents were John and Elizabeth Saunders, and were noted in court records for 1810/1811 as having saved a young servant girl Margaret Doyle from her master Michael Gorman. He was abusing her at Terrenceville (then known as Fortune Bay Bottom). They took her into their home and protected her from him.
Click to enlarge. Circled names are people in photos here.
DNA connection with Elizabeth Joe
We recently conducted a mtDNA test, which is your direct maternal line (your mother's mother's mother etc.), on John Saunders' wife Elizabeth. We do not have a maiden name for her yet. The test came back and she shares a direct maternal line with Elizabeth (Joe) Blanchard of the Bay of Islands [wife of William Blanchard].
As many know, Elizabeth Joe was Mi'kmaq and has been speculated to be Thomas Joe's daughter or some relation to him. It's also believed Mary Park Brooks was Elizabeth (Joe) Blanchard's sister and was Mi'kmaq. We're working on getting an mtDNA test for a descendant of hers to prove that.
The mtDNA test showed that Elizabeth Saunders and Elizabeth (Joe) Blanchard share a direct maternal line with a genetic distance of 0. That means it's very recent (within the last 200-250 years), so the most likely scenarios are that they were sisters, aunt and niece or first cousins on the maternal side.
It's pretty interesting to be able to connect two women who were known to be Mi'kmaq. If Mary Park Brooks mtDNA test comes back as sharing a direct maternal line also, it provides a little proof to their connection as I believe in the 1838/1839 list of inhabitants it says she was from Burin originally and is also where Elizabeth Saunders frequented.
John and Elizabeth Saunders, Terrenceville
Albert Saunders s/o George Saunders and Ann Baker (click to enlarge)
John & Elizabeth Saunders had the following children: Elizabeth Saunders (m. Thomas Hynes), Richard (Dickie) Saunders (m. Joanna Clarke), Catherine Saunders (m. James Picco), Ann Saunders (m. Esau Rhymes), George Saunders (m. (1) Ann Unknown (2) Ann Baker), Jane Saunders (m. Timothy McCarthy), & Joseph Saunders (m. Mary Jane Myles). There could possibly be more, but that's what has been confirmed over the years.
The area of Terrenceville in Fortune Bay was highly frequented by the Mi'kmaq up until the mid-1870s (the story of why they stopped travelling there is a whole few paragraphs of its own). The Saunders and their descendants ended up staying there and settling.
Lavhey family, Terrenceville
Another prominent Mi'kmaq woman who stayed in Terrenceville was Elizabeth, married to Lewis Lavhey. Apparently she was a Bernard originally. Their descendants, especially through their daughter Grace (m. Samuel Coombs), live on in the area.
Picco family and ships
The Piccos were also a very frequent Mi'kmaq family in the area and as you can see one of them (James Picco) married Catherine Saunders. They have been in the area of Fortune Bay for hundreds of years. Apparently the matriarch of that family died in 1844 (according to a family history story published in the 1960s) over a hundred years old and was a great great great grandmother. By that point, she lived in St. Joseph's, Placentia Bay (then known as Gallow's Harbour).
Mary Jane (Picco) Hanrahan, daughter-in-law and granddaughter
I have heard rumours and old family history that the Mi'kmaq Picco (often spelled Peaco or Pico) originally came from Nova Scotia. Dr. Leslie Harris, former president of MUN, stated in his book 'Growing up with Verse' that James Picco & Catherine Saunders' son John Picco had Mi'kmaq blood, and that it was often talked about. The Piccos are a large family, but there haven't been a lot of records concerning them. Seems James & Catherine lived in Fortune Bay at one point before moving to St. Joseph's, and their son John was born there in 1841 according to his death record & Leslie Harris' book.
James Hackett, s/o Elizabeth Hynes and Michael Hackett, lost on the Donald Silver Jan. 1924
There are lots of ships registered for the Piccos from Fortune Bay. Behind English Harbour East (home of Elizabeth Saunders Hynes) there is also a place called Piccos Woods. I have recorded a Phillip Picco, Joseph Picco etc. trading with Newman and Co. in the 1790s out of Little Bay & Harbour Breton. As it's known, natives typically moved around a lot for different reasons. The Piccos were no different, going between Bay d'Espoir, Fortune Bay and Placentia Bay.
John Family
Louis John and family also frequented the Long Harbour, Fortune Bay and Terrenceville areas, Peter John (his son) was born in Belleoram around the 1810s and one of the John men was a telegraph operator in Terrenceville.
Lots of more information if anyone is interested. I could go on forever. Still lots to figure out but we've definitely made some progress over the past few years putting things together. Hopefully someday we'll map out all the Mi'kmaq of Fortune and Placentia Bays. DNA is a welcome assistant to our research and we encourage everyone to get a DNA test to find your cousins!
See more of Devon's writing at Fortune Bay mtDNA (June 1/18), an update on research on families discussed here, and Terrenceville Mi'kmaq (June 8/18), a story told long ago by Mrs. Esther Mary (Myles) Mitchell.
Elizabeth Saundersfamily historygenealogyNewfoundland
Genealogy, Popular Culture, Society & Culture
Earls of Grantham
Below is the lineage of the Earls of Grantham. The family name is Crawley, and their home is Downton Abbey in Yorkshire.
It is a fictional family in a television series I have never watched. I found family trees online, read summaries of the show and characters, and mapped out connections. Could I use only the internet to figure out a family history, I wondered. I think I did, and it made me want to get to know them better.
I will meet the Crawleys on DVD. Those watching on television will end their acquaintance with them in 2016. The sixth, and final, season on PBS begins January 3rd. The series is set between April 1912 and December 1925.
The Crawley family was given the Earldom of Grantham around 1772 for deeds unspecified. A subsidiary title is Viscount Downton. The earl's heir may use this as a courtesy title. The title and estate are entailed, meaning inheritance can be passed only through the legitimate male line.
Grantham Family Tree
The house and lands of Downton Abbey came into possession of the Crawley family through the unnamed daughter-in-law of the 3rd Earl, great-grandmother of the 'present' earl, Robert Crawley. Presumably, she inherited her family home or received it through the will of a previous husband.
Jessica Fellowes, author of companion books to the series, refers to Robert Crawley as the 7th Earl of Grantham. Other sources call him the 6th. Observant viewers noted a publicity shot of the gravestone of Sybil, Robert's daughter. Carved on it is "daughter of the 5th Earl of Grantham". The series does not fully explain the line of inheritance.
Robert had no son and no brother so after he inherited the title, his heir presumptive became his first cousin James, the son of his father's unnamed brother. James had a son Patrick, who would inherit in turn. However, both men died on the Titanic in 1912. The male next closest in the family line was Matthew Crawley, Robert's 3rd cousin once removed. The presumably deceased Reginald was Matthew's father.
Click for book on Amazon
While daughters could not inherit, strategic marriage could keep it in the immediate family. Robert and his mother Violet had sought marriage between Robert's daughter Mary and Patrick, son of then heir presumptive 1st cousin James Crawley. After their deaths, Mary wed the new heir Matthew and they had a son, George. Matthew soon after died, making George heir.
Through the marriage of his daughter to the heir, Robert's grandson will be earl after him. Mary, daughter of one earl and mother of the next, will never be countess. She would have held that title only through her husband had he lived to become the next earl.
Downton Abbeyfamily historygenealogyITVPBStelevision
Newfoundland Mi'kmaq, Reviews
Mi'kmaq Images
Click for Amazon link
Ruth Holmes Whitehead's new book Niniskamijinaqik, Ancestral Images: The Mi'kmaq in art and photography is beautiful. If you are interested in Mi'kmaq history, it is also essential.
It puts faces to names. That is what makes it so valuable to Mi'kmaq genealogy researchers. Even more, Ms. Whitehead's descriptions set those people and places in a historical and cultural context.
It is a picture book: Mi'kmaq rock carvings and paintings, sketches and photographs from European contact to the 1980s. The photograph on the cover is of Molly Muise of Annapolis Royal NS. A tintype from the mid-19th century, the full image is described in the preface:
"Molly's photograph may be the earliest surviving photographic portrait of any of the Mi'kmaq. (Her name was originally French 'Mius,' and is now spelled Meuse.) She is wearing a peaked cap with double-curve beadwork, a dark shirt, and a short jacket with darker cuffs, over which she apparently has draped a second short jacket with its sleeves pulled inside, as a short capelet. Her traditional dress with the large fold at the top is held up by suspenders with ornamental tabs. In her hands she may be clutching a white handkerchief."
Mi'kmaq Images and Information
Descriptions of clothing styles, as in this picture, or surrounding landscape or structures or implements – anything that might contribute to knowledge of who and where people were, and how they lived. Documents that give further insights are quoted in whole or relevant part in the description or endnotes.
Dates of birth and death, family members, name variations, and historical references are given. She also gives conjectures about who someone may be, making the basis for her conjecture clear. If conflicting information is in records or recent research, that is mentioned.
Descriptions of two photographs of Frank Joe and wife and their home in Bay St. George show this preciseness and detail of information. Ms. Whitehead remarks on a sled and the type of cabin construction shown in the photo of their home. On the other photo (shown here), she discusses in detail the family history of Frank Joe and his wife Caroline.
When your eyes are tired from looking at family groups on your computer screen or deciphering old documents, you can take a break with this book. You may also find a new piece of your puzzle or a new avenue to search. Even if you don't, you'll see a beautiful record of the past.
artbooksgenealogyMi'kmaqmuseumsphotography
Iry LeJeune
June 24, 2015 Dorothy	2 Comments
In James Lee Burke's novel Cadillac Jukebox , a New Orleans mob guy brings a gift to Detective Dave Robichaux. A jukebox filled with 45s of classic Cajun recordings from the 1940s and '50s.
'There were two recordings of "La Jolie Blon" in the half-moon rack, one by Harry Choates and the other by Iry LeJeune. I had never thought about it before, but both men's lives seemed to be always associated with that haunting, beautiful song, one that was so pure in its sense of loss you didn't have to understand French to comprehend what the singer felt. "La Jolie Blon" wasn't about a lost love. It was about the end of an era.' (p. 198)
I wondered who Iry LeJeune was. With Professor Google's help, I found his musical significance and traced his family tree. His 5th great-grandparents are Jean-Baptiste LeJeune dit Briard and Marguerite Trahan of Cape Breton. In the 1750s deportation, they went to North Carolina, then Maryland, finally settling in Louisiana.
Ira LeJeune, called Iry, was born in Acadia Parish October 1928 to Agness and Lucy (Bellard) LeJeune. Agness' parents, Ernest and Alicia, both had the surname LeJeune.
Iry LeJeune Family Tree
Click image for larger view
When a young boy, Iry learned to play the accordion from his cousin, uncle or great-uncle Angélas LeJeune, a well-known musician . I could find nothing on Angélas' parents, but I think he may have been a great-uncle on Iry's grandmother's side.
In an interview, fiddler Milton Vanicor and his daughter explain their kinship with Iry. Milton's wife Odile and Iry were double first cousins – a LeJeune sister and brother married a Bellard brother and sister.
Linda, M. Vanicor's daughter, says Angélas was Iry's great-uncle but doesn't mention the same connection with her mother. When I saw Iry's father's mother was a LeJeune by birth, I wondered if Angélas might be her brother.
Milton Vanicor died June 5, 2015 at the age of 96. He was one of the last surviving Lacassine Playboys, the band he, his brothers and Iry formed in the 1940s. M. Vanicor was a veteran of the Battle of Iwo Jima. He played fiddle at festivals throughout the United States right up to his death.
Iry died in October 1955 age 28. Driving home after a gig, he was changing a flat when a passing car hit him. He left a wife and five children. His other legacy was reviving the popularity of Cajun music and making the accordion central to it again.
AcadiansCajunsgenealogyLouisianamusic
Royal Charlottes
The first British royal Charlotte was George III's queen. She is best known as the founder of London's Kew Gardens and for perhaps having black ancestry. Born in Germany in 1744, fifteen generations back in her family tree is King Alfonso III of Portugal and his mistress Madragana of Faro in Algarve, described as a "Moor".
Charlotte and George III had fifteen children. Their fourth child was Charlotte Augusta Matilda, Princess Royal. She married Prince Frederick of Württemberg and in 1806 became Queen of Württemberg.
Their eldest, and heir, was George. At age 23, he secretly married a Catholic widow, Maria Fitzherbert. The marriage was not legal. He had children with her and other women, but none could be his heir.
Princess Charlotte, heir to the throne
A "suitable" wife, Caroline of Brunswick, was chosen for him. An heir, Princess Charlotte Augusta, was born in 1796. George and Caroline separated soon after. George became Prince Regent in 1810, taking over from his father whose mental illness had incapacitated him.
Seven years later, at the age of 21, Princess Charlotte died in childbirth.* George III and Queen Charlotte had many other grandchildren but all were illegitimate. With the Prince Regent unable to divorce and unwilling to share a bed with wife Caroline, he would have no more legitimate heirs. His brothers were hurriedly married off so there might be an heir and some spares.
George, Prince Regent became George IV in 1820. Next in line was his brother William, Duke of Clarence. But William lived with an actress Dorothy Jordan and their ten children. In return for his debts being paid and the promise of the throne, however, William agreed to leave his Fitzclarence kids and their mother.
He married Adelaide of Saxe-Meingenen. Their first daughter, Charlotte Augusta, lived only one day. A second daughter lived four days. William IV reigned seven years, until 1837. His heir was Princess Victoria, daughter of the next eldest brother, the late Edward Duke of Kent, and his wife Victoria of Saxe-Coburg.
Family Tree of Charlotte of Cambridge (click for full size)
When Victoria was born in 1819, the Prince Regent said no to the names Charlotte, Augusta and Georgiana, all closely associated with the crown. He agreed to Alexandrina, after her godfather Tsar Alexander I, and Victoria, after her mother.
Victoria became queen one month after turning 18. After three kings in three decades, she reigned for 63 years. She named one of her five daughters Augusta, but none Charlotte.
Victoria's younger cousin got all the royal names, however. Princess Augusta Caroline Charlotte Elizabeth Mary Sophia Louisa of Cambridge was the daughter of George III's seventh son Prince Adolphus, Duke of Cambridge. The title passed to Augusta's brother George, the last to hold it until the present Prince William. Princess Augusta died in 1916 aged 94. During preparations for Edward VII's coronation in 1902, she was called upon for advice. She was the only person in royal circles who could remember not only Queen Victoria's coronation but also King William IV's.
*Charlotte's widower, Leopold of Saxe-Coburg, later married Louise-Marie, daughter of the future King Louis-Phillippe of France. They named their first daughter Charlotte in honour of Leopold's first wife. She became Empress Carlota, married to Maximillian of Mexico. Her brother became Leopold II of Belgium, inheriting the throne from his father.
genealogyPrincess CharlotteRoyalsUK
HRH Baby
With the expected Royal baby, there will be a kinship situation that hasn't existed since Queen Victoria reigned.
There will be 3 generations of direct heirs apparent to the throne: the Prince of Wales, Prince William and Prince William's child. Like Victoria, Queen Elizabeth's children have become grandparents while she is still on the throne.
In December 2012 the line of succession was changed in law to simply the firstborn of the heir. It had previously been the eldest son. If the first child was a girl, she was heir only if she never had a brother. That is easy enough to grasp. It's a second change made by the Queen to titles that's less well known. When I saw headlines that William and Kate's baby, if a girl, would be a Princess, I didn't understand why she wouldn't be already.
Until now, only the eldest son of the Prince of Wales' eldest son had the title Prince. His sisters and younger brothers were known as Lady or Lord. William and Kate's baby will be in that position, great-grandchild of the Queen, from the Prince of Wale's eldest son. By the change in succession rules made in December, that child, whether a boy or girl, will be in line for the throne after William. The title change means she will be HRH Princess Baby, not The Lady Baby. So too will her siblings, for this applies to all the children of the Prince of Wales' direct heir.
British Royal Titles
Click for larger view of royal titles
All children of a monarch are Prince or Princess. The children of the monarch's sons are also Prince or Princess, but daughters' children take their titles from their fathers. For the great-grandchildren, only the eldest son of the 3rd in line for the throne was called Prince. Titles follow the male line, with the exception of the children of a regnant Queen. I made this simplified chart (above) of who would have what title. The chart below shows the current Royal Family with their primary titles.
Click for larger view of Royal Family titles
Birth and bestowed titles
The good thing about being Queen is you can give people titles. So, for example, the Queen made Antony Armstrong-Jones an Earl before he married her sister Princess Margaret. Margaret's children inherited their titles from him. Mark Phillips, when he married Princess Anne, chose not to receive a title. Therefore their children, while in the line of succession, have no titles. Also, if you have several titles, you can choose which you wish to use and pass on. So the Queen and her son Prince Edward decided on Earl of Wessex for him when he married, instead of the customary dukedom. He then chose that lesser title to use in giving his children titles. So, although technically they are prince and princess, they are known as Lord and Lady.
A Princess born into the royal family continues to be called Princess and takes her husband's titles. A Prince's wife, if a commoner, becomes princess but the title is not put before her own name. Diana was never 'Princess Diana', she was 'Diana, Princess of Wales' for example. She can also go by another title of his, as Kate did with Duchess of Cambridge. If her husband has no other titles, she is known as Princess his name, as with Princess Michael of Kent (the Queen's cousin by marriage).
Eldest royal baby girl
Down the road, another matter will need to be addressed if the royal baby is a girl. The monarch's eldest daughter may be named Princess Royal. Unlike Prince of Wales that is a temporary title, Princess Royal is given for life. Anne is the Princess Royal, and will remain so until her death. The previous Princess Royal was Mary, daughter of George V. As it stands, William's heir eventually could be both Prince of Wales and Princess Royal.
I hope the baby is a girl. I'd like to see these historic changes play out. I read that they may include Elizabeth and Diana as middle names for a girl, but nothing on her first name. My money is on Victoria. It's a "queenly" name and it would give us a Victoria II.
I found these websites helpful:
"Would Prince William's…?; "…title [of] daughter of a princess?"
Monarchist League NB Jan. 2013 Queen Letters Patent
House of Windsor family tree
HRH Prince Michael of Kent.
genealogyRoyalsUKWilliam and Kate
Mr. Otto Kelland
November 28, 2012 Dorothy	2 Comments
A while back, I was looking online for a family in response to a query. I found them. A note on their kinship chart said the wife was sister of Otto Kelland, maker of the model fishing boats displayed at the Fisheries College in St. John's and composer of the song Let Me Fish Off Cape St. Mary's. I sat back, stared at the screen and said "Wow!"
Instantly I was back in the Newfoundland Museum, the old one on Duckworth Street, about 1982. I worked as a weekend attendant and we tried to have a staff person on each floor, to keep an eye on things and be available to visitors who had questions. One Saturday, I was on the 3rd floor, the Newfoundland history display.
Two men stopped for a long time at the display case of model fishing boats. The older man would point a finger to something on one of them while talking. Their conversation looked interesting, so I wandered over close enough that I could eavesdrop. I had spent a lot of time studying those models. I loved the workmanship and I would compare all the little parts, seeing what made one type of vessel different from another.
Father and son, as it turned out they were, noticed me nearby and included me in their discussion. After knowledgeably talking about the models, the elder man explained to me: "I built these, y'see." I thought, sure you did, just after you finished the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel. We had a lot of rather odd people who spent time in the museum. But the more he talked, the more likely it seemed that he really had built these model ships.
Let Me Fish Off Cape St. Mary's
The son decided introductions were in order so he told me his name and "this is my father, Otto Kelland." I sneaked a peak at the cards propped beside the model ships just to verify what I already knew: made by Otto Kelland. Then another realization hit me: Otto Kelland also was the name of the man who wrote the most beautiful Newfoundland song I'd ever heard. I said "Let Me Fish Off Cape St. Mary's?" "Oh yes my dear, that was me," he laughed.
My eyes filled up as I stared at him, open-mouthed. I felt like a fool, but I was totally awestruck. The beautiful models that I had spent so many hours looking at, the song that moved me to tears every time I heard it – and the maker of both smiling at me.
Then we reversed roles up there on the 3rd floor. The museum attendant was given a tour by the museum patron. Mr. Kelland explained the design and equipment of the fishing vessels using his models as illustration. Then he took me and his son around the other displays of fishing stages and stores, industrial equipment and household items. I learned more that day about my museum and about Newfoundland than I ever had before.
I've never forgotten the thrill of meeting him that day. And seeing that note about him on a genealogy page brought it all back fresh as the day it happened. So I'm proud to say that Mr. Otto P. Kelland is now entered in my database.
*If you've never heard the song, here's a beautiful version by The Irish Descendants. Also here's a book written by Otto Kelland on Amazon: Dories and Dorymen .
genealogymodel shipsmuseumsmusicNewfoundland
Ancestry Search
October 10, 2012 Dorothy	142 Comments
Thirty-three years ago I started doing Newfoundland Mi'kmaq genealogies. Over the years, I've added and corrected information and marked changes in families. This weekend, I sadly updated the database with the death date for Tony John of Glenwood.
FNI President and Vice-President Tony John and Calvin White hired me to do family history research in central Newfoundland. Tony's parents, Greg and Mary, became my "Glenwood parents." Tony never needed help tracing his own Mi'kmaq roots; he knew his family ancestry through his father's side and his mother's, the Francis family of Clarke's Head.
Tony was instrumental in establishing a political voice in the 1970s and in getting recognition and rights for all Newfoundland Mi'kmaq. Thank you, Tony, you will be missed.
Mi'kmaq Ancestry
For those of you searching for information and documents about your Newfoundland Mi'kmaq ancestry, it can be difficult and time-consuming but doable. Start with the internet if you don't have family or neighbours to ask. (I have links for family trees that I found good, and also books that give Newfoundland family or community history.)
Google a name or a pair of names, husband and wife or parent and child. I add Newfoundland in my search phrase to weed out those of the same name(s) from elsewhere. Same thing with community names or regions: without adding Newfoundland, you also may get material from elsewhere. For example, "Bay of Islands" alone will give you New Zealand sources as well as Newfoundland.
To find a husband and wife, I try their first names and his surname. You'll have better luck getting records for their children that may not have the mother's maiden name on them. You might also luck into their marriage record that likely will have her birth name.
How to calculate 'greats' and 'removes'. Click to enlarge.
You'll find other people's ancestry pages and discussion forums. With large genealogy sites, see if there is an index of names or use an internal search box. With genforums, people's questions often can provide answers to your own questions. If someone says "X's wife's name might be Y," search for X and Y together and see if you find more.
If they're available, look at sources in online genealogies. They usually are numbered endnotes that say where the information came from. You need this information if you want to get the actual record itself.
Church Records and Archives
If you're looking for church records, don't just assume that if your family is of a particular religion now, that your ancestors were all married within that Church. Many people were married by whatever minister was handy. Sometimes you'll find different marriage dates. This discrepancy may be explained by Church and unofficial marriage. If clergy were not available, people may be married "by the custom of the country", by a layreader or someone who presumably said "time you two got married."
For documents, the Provincial Archives is your best bet. There is a fee, of course, for their service. You can contact the Church itself for parish records. Some have their records and others have sent them to the Archives. Again there is a fee and, whether Church or archives, the more information you provide, the faster will be their search.
Few records actually have anything indicating ethnic ancestry on them. Your best bet for that is some census years that included it. Newfoundland census information is online but ethnic identification was not included in the transcription. The Archives have the originals. Reliability of information varies between census district and year.
Name Variations
And spelling variations of surnames! There are some well-known ones, like LeBlanc/White and LeJeune/Young but others you might not think of. Swyers might be Swyer, Swoir(s) or even Squires. Sometimes the difference in spelling means they are from different families and sometimes it's just different spellings for the same people. You have to judge each one as you encounter it. If you can't find someone under one name, type in variations. In long lists like Church records, if I'm not sure, I just type the first few letters in my search box and see what comes up.
Names like Young, White and Bennett may have been anglicized but also might not have been. You might think, good, I've found a Young, must be the Acadien/Mi'kmaq ones, but not necessarily. They may be different and unrelated families.
First names also vary significantly. Samuel and Lemuel for instance – likely same person. Some Church records have the Latin forms of first names, so Jacobi was probably known as James; Joannes, and variations, as John. There are also a lot of people with the same name married to people with the same name in the same region. So the John White married to Mary Young you find may not be the ones you are looking for. Look for corroborating information – place of birth, baptism date, name of a parent, sibling or child to be sure you've got the right ones.
Question marks and sources are your new BFFs. Note where you got a piece of information. You won't remember later. And if you or your source is unsure of anything, note that too because you'll forget that uncertainty later.
I have switched to Family Tree Maker 2012 and am still learning how to use it. Quite different than my favourite 2006 version. You'll see I am slowly going through your queries but please be patient. Learning a new system means it takes me even longer than usual to find anything relevant for you. If I don't reply to your comment, it means I have nothing useful. While I would like to tell you that directly, I don't want to clog up the comments section with "sorry, got nothing."
First NationsgenealogyNewfoundland Mi'kmaqTony John


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The US Air Force and US Army are actively pursuing the development of the Coyote unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) as an intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) asset, as well as for delivering kinetic payloads, according to the platform's manufacturer, Raytheon.
While Coyote continues to be the backbone of the Office of Naval Research's (ONR) Low-Cost UAV Swarming Technology (LOCUST) effort, the army has asked Raytheon to develop a counter unmanned air system (C-UAS) capability for Coyote to defend against small quad-copter UAVs, Raytheon's John Hobday told IHS Jane's.
"We are embarking on a programme for Coyote to deliver a kinetic effect and essentially destroy a quad-copter," Hobday said. The effort is being pursued as a Quick Reaction Capability (QRC) to deliver a basic, interim capability, he added.
"The Coyote UAV offers the army a platform with a Technology Readiness Level 9 based on some recent USAF deployment work," Hobday noted.


We conduct basic research into the biochemistry and cell biology of the mechanisms underlying genetically inherited forms of blindness, such as retinitis pigmentosa and macular degeneration. We are also interested in mechanisms of protein trafficking within photoreceptor cells, and how these mechanisms relate to these genetic disorders. We use transgenic X. laevis photoreceptors as an expression system both for modeling disease processes, and for investigations of protein transport processes.


Those who spend every bit of their spare time nurturing seedlings and planting out the flowerbeds and baskets around the town are holding their breath now until they find out what the Beautiful Scotland judges made of the town this year.
The judges from the national contest, who have awarded Lanark silver in the past and a silver gilt last year, were taken on a lengthy tour on Wednesday, ending at the brand new Wallace Memorial Rose Garden for what Lanark in Bloom organiser Ernest Romer hoped would prove to be the wow factor.
Lanark in Bloom has already won a special trophy for sustainability for the horticulture centre it runs with Lanark Community Development Trust in Castlebank Park, and the volunteer group is hoping that the new Wallace garden, with its statue of William Wallace and flowers in full bloom, was a fitting finale to the tour.
Ernest was not too confident afterwards. "They seemed to be quite happy, but we will see what the comments come back on," he said.
The tour took in the areas planted at Lanark Loch, the roundabout with the hanging baskets at Braidfute Retail Park, Morrisons supermarket, the site of Lanark Castle, and all the new tubs the volunteers work on, before arriving at Castlebank Park.
There the judges saw the new memorial garden, with the hundreds of roses donated by Border Biscuits, then were taken through the bog garden, the site of a former pond now filling up with young trees and plants, and through the Fairy Dell, with its chainsaw carvings of a fairy and the little animals in the tree trunk seating, finishing off with a coffee in a polytunnel at the horticultural centre.
"The gardens were looking fine," Ernest said modestly.
It will be the middle of September before the results of the judges' inspection are announceed.


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Home » Knowledge Base » Tracking Marine Mammals Around Marine Renewable Energy Devices Using Active Sonar
Tracking Marine Mammals Around Marine Renewable Energy Devices Using Active Sonar
Title: Tracking Marine Mammals Around Marine Renewable Energy Devices Using Active Sonar
Authors: Hastie, G.
Document Number: SMRUL-DEC-2012-002.v2
SMRU Consulting
UK Department of Energy and Climate Change (DECC)
Dynamic Device, Static Device
Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds
Collision/Evasion
Marine Energy general
Hastie, G. (2013). Tracking Marine Mammals Around Marine Renewable Energy Devices Using Active Sonar. Report by SMRU Consulting. pp 99.
Currently, there is a high level of uncertainty surrounding the environmental impacts of marine renewable energy devices on marine wildlife (particularly seals, whales, and dolphins). The principal concerns derive from the potential of physical injury to marine mammals through direct contact with moving parts of marine energy devices.
In recent years, there has been accelerated development of active sonar systems for the defence sector for sub-sea monitoring of potential security threats, and for fisheries research and management. This may provide a basis for monitoring close range interactions between marine mammals and energy devices.
In this report, we describe a program to develop a sonar system to provide a behavioural monitoring tool for marine mammals around marine energy devices that is accurate, user-friendly, and data efficient.
A 4-phase program involved collaborations between marine mammal specialists, marine renewable energy developers, and sonar engineers to develop a sonar system for the marine renewable industry. The overall approach was one of caution with key tests at each phase which had to be satisfied in order to progress to the subsequent phases.
As part of Phase 1 of the project, a Request for Proposals (RFP) document was drafted and distributed to sonar manufacturers who were invited to provide a formal proposal for the development of a marine mammal sonar. A total of 5 proposals were received from sonar manufacturers and although all manufacturers offered solutions based on off-the-shelf systems, there appeared limited interest in investing internal R&D support to system development for this application; however, two manufacturers (BioSonics and Tritech) did provide a commitment to internal R&D to the project and these were included in subsequent testing.
It was important when developing the behavioural monitoring sonar that any observed behavioural responses could be attributed to the tidal turbine rather than to the sonar being used to measure it; there is the potential that low frequency components of the signals from sonar systems could be audible to animals and elicit behavioural reactions. Phase 2 of the project was therefore designed to measure potential behavioural responses by marine mammals to each sonar and interpret the significance of these.
The results of the behavioural response trials suggest that grey seals and harbour porpoises exhibit differing behavioural responses to the signals of each sonar system. Porpoises exhibited relatively subtle responses to the Tritech Gemini; in contrast, seals exhibited overt responses to the BioSonics DT-X by leaving the pool when the sonar was active.
In addition to the behavioural response trials, the range of audibility of the sonar signals was modelled to predict the ranges that different species would be likely to hear the signals in a tidal environment. Seals and harbour porpoises were predicted to be able to hear the signals of the Tritech Gemini and BioSonics DT-X at ranges of approximately 60 and 4,000 metres respectively.
Given the results of the marine mammal behavioural response trials and the predicted ranges of audibility, there was a clear need to modify the acoustic properties of the BioSonics DT-X signal prior to any further development. Although signal modification was carried out, analysis of the modified signal suggested these were unsuccessful in sufficiently reducing the lower frequency components likely to be responsible for eliciting the observed responses; the decision was therefore made not to continue with development of this system.
Improvements to the Gemini system focused on the development of efficient classification algorithms to reduce data volumes and provide a probabilistic indication of the identity of individual targets; these included variables such as size, shape and swimming characteristics to determine valid marine mammal targets.
In order to develop classification algorithms sonar image data for some of the more abundant marine mammal species around the UK (grey and harbour seals, harbour porpoises, and bottlenose dolphins) were collected. Using this, a series of detection and classification developments were implemented in the Gemini software.
Results of the analysis of the software 'detection efficiency' suggest that there is a significant negative relationship between range and probability of detection; the probability of the software automatically detecting a seal was greater than 0.9 for ranges up to around 37 metres and dropped to below 0.1 at ranges greater than 56 metres. In the context of using this sonar as a behavioural monitoring tool, this appears to limit analysis of small marine mammal behaviour to ranges of approximately 40-50m.
To provide an assessment of the software 'classification capabilities', the classification probabilities for each of the confirmed targets and the unidentified targets were analysed. The majority of classification probabilities for confirmed seals were 'Probable' and 'Potential'. However, both the unidentified targets and confirmed debris also had a relatively high proportion of 'Potential' and 'Probable' classifications assigned to them. These results highlight the scope for behavioural monitoring using active sonar but also highlight the current limitations in terms of species ID.
To evaluate the long term reliability and detection capabilities of the sonar on an operational tidal turbine, a Gemini system was deployed on the SeaGen tidal turbine in Strangford Lough. A single Tritech Gemini sonar transducer was attached to a mounting plate and secured to the centre of the crossbeam of the turbine, facing south towards the seaward end the Narrows. Sonar images were collected on a total of 42 days between the 20th May and 29th July 2011. Only data collected during the flood tide (i.e. the sonar was facing the incoming tide) were used in analysis.
The data were then analysed post-hoc using the developed software to determine what proportion of targets were classified as marine mammals with a high probability and their proximity to the turbine. In addition, the temporal variation in the number of 'marine mammal' targets were analysed in a General Additive Modelling framework to assess how 'time of day', 'tidal speed', and turbine operation (ON/OFF) influenced the number of marine mammals around the turbine.
The results of the deployment suggested that there were 109 'high probability marine mammals' in the data. A manual review of the data associated with these 'marine mammal' detections appeared to confirm that they were marine mammals with only 3 of the targets being obviously non-marine mammals. The detection rate of 'high probability marine mammals' was approximately 5.9 per day.
The ranges that 'marine mammals' were detected at Strangford Lough suggest that marine mammals do move in close proximity to the tidal turbine both when it was operational (minimum range=9.9m) and non-operational (minimum=8.4m).
The results of the modelling of 'marine mammal' detections with the temporal covariates suggested that the occurrence of 'marine mammals' changed with time of day. Detections generally decreased during early morning with a minimum at approximately 0500. In contrast, there was no significant variation in 'marine mammal' detections in relation to tidal speed and turbine operation (ON/OFF).
In terms of future sonar development work, the automated classification algorithms are currently highly conservative and the reduction of these to 'high probability marine mammals' requires post hoc analysis; this feature could either be incorporated into the existing software or an additional classification module could be developed to analyse the detection and track data. Furthermore, validation of marine mammal detections around a tidal turbine [through visual observations or by tagging seals with high resolution movement tags (e.g. Wilson et al., 2007b)] would be of clear benefit. In terms of measuring fine scale behaviour of animals around tidal turbines, the system developed here does not currently provide data on the depth of the targets and although there are deployment configurations (e.g. using more than one transducer in different orientations) that could address this to a certain extent, the development of a true 3D sonar system would be highly beneficial for measuring tracks of marine mammals around turbines.


The Board of Directors of Berlin Little League would like to invite you to help support our newest project.
Berlin Little League continues to grow and serve our community by providing baseball and softball programs to boys and girls of Northern Worcester County. The league has programs that serve over 500 children ages 4-16 years old. Our league is truly invested in the youth community and needs community support to help continue the growth and goals of the organization. With an increase in demand and limited youth fields available in the area, our league has started a campaign to raise $100,000 to install lights on our fields – located at the Northern Worcester Athletic Complex off RR 113 in Berlin. The field lighting project will help provide more game times needed to support the increasingly growing league while also upgrading the facility to compete as one of the region's best sports complexes. In addition to bringing great hometown pride in our complex, lights will provide lifelong memories and experience for the kids to play a game "Under the Lights".
In addition, better fields and amenities will help attract more teams and tournaments to the complex, which in turn brings more people and money to support the local economy. Lastly, Berlin Little League is being considered as a host site for a Regional tournament starting in 2018. This event would bring ESPN televised games and great notoriety to both Berlin and all of Worcester County. Our hope is that with better facility upgrades, the selection committee will choose our location, which will, in turn, help us to support and promote Worcester County.
Should you have questions regarding the project or your tax-deductible donation or pledge, please contact Eric Snelsire, VP of Operations of Berlin Little League at (412) 977-3882 or email at e.snelsire@gmail.com.
Berlin Little League, Inc.is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization and your contribution is tax-deductible to the fullest extent of the law.


Tia-Clair Toomey (left) and Mat Fraser face-off in Miami.
They've had the benefit of being training partners but for the first time we got a clear look at who would win a straight shoot-out between "Fittest on Earth" duo Mat Fraser and Tia-Clair Toomey.
American Fraser is three-time defending men's CrossFit Games champion; Australian Toomey is the two-time defending women's champion.
They share almost identical records at the Games – in their first four years in Madison, Wisconsin, they finished second, second, first and first, while Fraser also had a first place in his fifth year.
Organisers decided to put that question to the test at the live announcement for the CrossFit Open's 19.5 workout.
But this was the first time they competed against each other – and Toomey came out hot to lead from the start.
The 29-year-old didn't look back and threw down the gauntlet to the rest of the men's field, setting a time of six minutes and 53 seconds – good luck to anyone who wants to try and beat that.
Toomey finished in 7:48, 55 seconds behind Fraser but still the fastest woman so far. She was more than two minutes ahead of the time set earlier on Thursday night in Miami by Brenda Castro (9:56), who beat Lea Schmidt (10:38) to win Mexico's National Championship.
It's probably bad news for the pretenders to her throne, who were already struggling to keep up.
"It's definitely a huge positive, that's for sure," Toomey said.
Fraser secured an invite to the 2019 CrossFit Games by winning the Dubai CrossFit Championship in December. But he's cruising towards victory in the Open for good measure – he already had a healthy lead at the top of the standings heading into 19.5.
Toomey's performance in 19.5 puts her up to eighth in the Open, but her place in Madison is already secure thanks to her victory at the Wodapalooza CrossFit Sanctional in Miami earlier this year.
"I think I went out a little too hot actually," Toomey said. "But I definitely stuck to the game plan. Maybe not towards the end, I was dropping off a little bit more ... sorry Shane!
The top 20 male and female athletes in the Open qualify for the CrossFit Games, as well as each country's national champion, and the winners of each "Sanctional" event.


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text:
Kustbevakningen i Pakistan genomförs av två skilda myndigheter, dels Maritime Security Agency vilken är en militär myndighet, som utgått från marinen, och lyder under försvarsministeriet, dels Pakistan Coast Guards vilken är en paramilitär myndighet, som utgått från armén, och lyder under inrikesdepartementet.

Maritime Security Agency (MSA)
Maritime Security Agency, vilken bildades 1987, är en militär myndighet som lyder under försvarsministeriet och är verksamt i havsområdet.

Uppdrag
MSA har till uppgift att upprätthålla pakistansk jurisdiktion i territorialvattnet, på kontinentalsockeln och i den exklusiva ekonomiska zonen. Under MSA lyder sjöräddningscentralen (MRCC) i Karachi samt National Maritime Pollution Control Centre (NMPCC) i samma stad.

Ansvarsområden
 Naturresursövervakning
 Fiskeriskydd
 Brottsbekämpning
 Leda och genomföra sjöräddning
 Understödja exploatering av marina oljeresurser
 Samverka med andra myndigheter, framförallt tullen och Coast Guards (se nedan).
 Vid krig och beredskap skall MSA fungera som en sekundär sjöstridskraft.

Sjögående enheter
MSA har en f.d. jagare, två kustpatrullfartyg och fyra havspatrullfartyg till sitt förfogande. MSA: s fartyg för prefixet MSS före fartygsnamnet.

Kustpatrullfartyg
Gilgit/Sabqat Class Patrol Craft (kinesiska Shanghai II inköpta för marinen 1972-1976, sedan överförda till MSA)
 Sabqat 1066
 Rafaqat 1068

Havspatrullfartyg
Barkat Class Patrol Craft (Kinesiska typ P58A inlöpta för MSA 1990)

Barkat 1060
Rehmat 1061
Nusrat 1062
Vehdat 1063

Personal
Den lägre personalen tillhör MSA permanent, medan officerskåren består av personal kommenderad från marinen för tre år.

Pakistan Coast Guards (PCG)

Pakistan Coast Guards, vilka bildades 1972, är en paramilitär myndighet (Civil Armed Force) underställd inrikesministeriet, och verksam i kustområdet.

Uppdrag
PCG:s huvuduppgift är att bekämpa smuggling. De skall även utöva migrationskontroll och förhindra infiltrering av fientliga agenter och sabotörer över havet. Vid krig skall den medverka vid kustområdenas försvar.

Organisation
 Fyra bataljoner grupperade längs kustlinjen
 Ett marinkompani
 Underrättelseenheter
 Underhållstjänst.

Personal
Den lägre personalen tillhör PCG permanent, medan officerskåren består av personal kommenderad från armén för en viss tid. Personalstyrkan utgörs av ca 2 000 personer.

Referenser

Externa länkar
Maritime Security Agency Act 1994
Maritime Security Agency Flag MSA flagga
Pakistan Coast Guards Image Gallery Bilder av PCG

Pakistan
Organisationer i Pakistan

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia