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Институт звукового дизайна — ведущая платформа в области звукового дизайна в России и странах СНГ. Институт ведет образовательную, исследовательскую и производственную деятельность, направленную на развитие рынка звуковых решений в области современных технологий и медиа.

Исследованиями Института звукового дизайна активно интересуются  ведущие брендинговые и коммуникационные агентства России: Landor, SmartHeart, AIC, CreativePeople, Gray, Лаборатория AlfaLab Альфабанка, MST, ADV, RTA Moscow, Mosaic, BBDO.

История
В 2015 году Институт звукового дизайна основал медиа-продюсер, композитор и саунд-дизайнер, Василий Филатов. После успешной карьеры в качестве микс-инженера студии United Multimedia Projects и ведущего саунд-дизайнера киностудии им. Горького, им было принято решение по формированию новой школы профессионалов в области звукового дизайна. Динамично развивающаяся индустрия современных медиа: компьютерных игр, интерактивных фильмов, моушн-дизайна требовала новых кадров и новых подходов к образовательному процессу.

После разработки первого авторского курса, реализованного на базе Московской школы кино, ScreamSchool и RealTime School, в 2015 Василий Филатов создает независимое образовательное учреждение: "Институт звукового дизайна". Отсутствие финансовых партнеров «является сдерживающим фактором, но дает возможность постоянного совершенствования образовательной программы и формирования новых кадров для современной, только появляющейся профессии «саунд-дизайнер». По замыслу автора, Институт должен стать экспериментальной площадкой для развития и реализации творческих способностей свободно мыслящих людей. Ключевая цель Института звукового дизайна — развитие сообщества, через исследования и работу над проектами реального рынка».

Институт
Институт задает стандарты в области современного образования. В Институте звукового дизайна разрабатывают гибкие методики преподавания, учебные программы и стандарты качества для формирования актуальных кадров на рынке труда. Команда постоянно развивается, повышает квалификацию, впитывает и внедряет успешные образовательные практики. Миссия Института — сделать образование интересным и увлекательным процессом, который позволяет выпускникам профессионально занимается любимым делом и получать за это достойную оплату. На сегодняшний день в Институте четыре направления обучения: звуковой дизайн в аудиовизуальных медиа, интерактивный звуковой дизайн, написание современной электронной музыки, музыка в аудиовизуальных медиа. В работе Исследовательской лаборатории принимают участие эксперты и выпускники Института.

Образовательная деятельность
В настоящее время Институт реализует образовательные программы по четырем направлениям:

 Звуковой дизайн в аудио-визуальных медиа
 Интерактивный звуковой дизайн
 Написание современной музыки
 Музыка в аудиовизуальных медиа

Эксперты
В качестве экспертов Института звукового дизайна в разное время принимали участие известные деятели искусств: звукорежиссер Игорь Бардашев, историк музыки и ведущий программы "Функции фанка" на Megapolis FM Анатолий Айс, аудио-программист Александр Дмитриев, обладатель Clio Award Михаил Афанасьев, концертный звукорежиссер Алексей Белый, Александр Воробьев, продюсер музыкальных клипов Алексей Дубровин, актер и режиссер Николай Ковбас, музыкальный продюсер Александр Лейфа, (Lay-Far), мастеринг-инженер Илья Мазаев, основатель и ведущий эксперт консультационного бюро InSimple Алексей Николаев, музыкальный продюсер Илья Цветков, основатель компании по производству модульных синтезаторов SSSR Labs Дмитрий Штатнов, композитор и обладатель премии "Золотой орел" Александр Вартанов, звукорежиссер Илья Лукашев и многие другие.

Основа обучения — передача опыта. Эксперты Института сотрудничают  с музыкальными коллективами Tesla Boy, «АукцЫон», Би-2, Валерий Сюткин, Вася Обломов, Владимир Пресняков, Дидюля, «Нервы», «Наив», Jukebox Trio, SunSay.

Общественная деятельность
В 2015 году под эгидой Института звукового дизайна основан фестиваль День звука в России — Sound Sunday, который состоялся в киноцентре "Красный октябрь". Информационную поддержку оказали ведущие национальные СМИ.

Директор Института и ведущие эксперты постоянно проводят открытые лекции под эгидой открытой образовательной программы Института для представителей кино- , рекламного-, анимационного-, игровых рынков. Открытые лекции проходили в агентствах BBDO, Creative People. Институт является образовательным партнером конференций DevGamm, GamesGathering, DevsGo, MusikMesse Frankfurt, MusikMesse Moscow, NAMM Show (Los Angeles), A3E Conference, а также принимал участие в качестве организации, курирующей дискуссионную панель на Санкт-Петербургском культурном форуме.

Исследовательская и проектная деятельность
В 2016 году в Институте была создана Лаборатория звукового дизайна — исследовательский и производственный центр Исследования Лаборатории звукового дизайна ведутся в направлениях "Генеративная музыка", "Здоровье человечества", "Электротранспорт", "Безопасный город", "VR/AR", "Цифровые интерфейсы".  Эксперты передают студентам свой опыт в ходе практики на реальных международных кейсах. Студенты учатся создавать звуковой и музыкальный контент — от компьютерных игр и мобильных приложений до полнометражных фильмов и интерактивных шоу.

Институт ведет активную просветительскую деятельность, организуя бесплатные мастер-классы и семинары на медиа-фестивалях и культурных центрах. Доклад о современном образовании в области звукового дизайна и музыки прозвучал в Аналитическом центре при Правительстве Российской Федерации, Общественной палате Российской Федерации.

В 2019 году основатель Института, Василий Филатов выступил с лекцией на тему "Образование будущего" на международной конференции MusikMesse 2019 во Франкфурте. В начале 2020 года он презентовал проект генеративного звучания электротранспорта "AutoVoice" на крупнейшей в мире конференции, посвященной звуку и музыке NAMM Show.

Партнерство с образовательными центрами
Academy of Art University — калифорнийский университет (США, Калифорния)

Школа "Клипмейкер" (Россия, Москва)

Школа "Movieband"  (Россия, Москва)

Московская школа нового кино (Россия, Москва)

Высшая школа кино АРКА (Россия, Москва)

Высшие курсы сценаристов и режиссеров (Россия, Москва)

Молодежный центр Союза кинематографистов

Практика
В процессе обучения, студенты создают портфолио на реальных проектах рынка:

 учащиеся направления «Создание современной музыки» получают возможность релиза собственных треков в короткометражных фильмах и компьютерных играх

 студенты на регулярной основе получают задания на запись, обработку, программирование и сведение звука
 все работы обсуждаются с куратором лично и доработаются студентами в течение учебного года
 студенты факультета «Звуковой дизайн в аудиовизуальных медиа» проходят практику на реальных съемочных площадках студий-партнеров Института

Награды
Кураторы и преподаватели Института — обладатели международных наград, включая: NY Advertising Award, Clio Award, IGN Award, Золотой орел

Ссылки

 http://soundsunday.ru/
 https://www.m24.ru/articles/lekcii/22082016/113997
 https://chistovik.info/interview/5196
 https://tvkinoradio.ru/article/article8780-sound-sunday-gromkoe-sobitie-v-industrii-zvuka
 https://www.the-village.ru/city/children-interview/intervyu-pro-shum
 https://vm.ru/society/834098-ochnyj-etap-chempionata-tvorcheskih-kompetencij-artmasters-startoval-v-moskve
 https://bloknot-stavropol.ru/news/nikomu-ne-nuzhen-vtoroy-khans-tsimmer-stavropolski-1273187
 https://typical-moscow.ru/otechestvennye-kompozitory/
 https://na-zapade-mos.ru/1013804-8-sentjabrja-v-tretjakovskoj-galeree-otkrylas-vystavka-moskva-skvoz-veka
 https://www.ucheba.ru/uz/102392
 https://medium.com/@sdi/%D0%B2-%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B5-%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B8-%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D1%82-%D0%B7%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE-%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0-965bcc31f800

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The U.S., after training and egging on the Ethiopians to intervene in the Somali civil war, is now bombing and strafing Somalis. The government "suspects" they might be al-Qaida.
That is a load of horse apples. You can't identify people, much less their politics, from an airplane or a helicopter. Air power always kills innocent civilians. That obscene euphemism "collateral damage" changes neither the facts on the ground nor the immorality of the act. I assume most Americans still think it is immoral to kill innocent people.
It amazes me how the talking class in this country can agonize, expostulate, groan and moan, condemn and abhor the deaths that result when some desperate youth straps a bomb to his waist and detonates it. Yet, when bombs fall from the sky or are detonated in another country, the talking class shrugs. To paraphrase the poet Gertrude Stein, a bomb is a bomb is a bomb. How it's delivered is irrelevant. A bomb by any other name kills as certainly.
And what are we doing back in Somalia? Chasing so-called terrorists is the party line, but since when does it require a foreign army, helicopter gunships and bombers to chase down a few al-Qaida people? No, the truth is that we backed the warlords against an Islamic group, and when the warlords failed, we brought in the Ethiopians.
It is true, I believe, that one reaps what one sows, and by the time this administration is out of office, it will have sown so much hatred for America that there will be enough to last for generations.
It all began with one faulty premise. The attack on the World Trade Center was carried out by a single organization, al-Qaida. Hamas had not attacked us; Islamic Jihad had not attacked us; the Taliban had not attacked us; the guerrillas in the Philippines, Somalia, Colombia and wherever else in the world they exist had not attacked us. We had been attacked by one single organization, which had publicly declared war on us and had attacked us before overseas.
President Bush had a choice. He could have retaliated against the people who had attacked us. If he had done that, we would have had one enemy to deal with. Instead, Bush declared a global war on global terrorism. He was, in effect, declaring war on the world. That was the keystone stupid mistake. Invading Iraq, which had nothing to do with the attack on us, was a second stupid mistake.
Furthermore, terrorism is a tactic. When the Clinton administration decided to bomb Serbia, that was practicing terrorism. If you want to know what real terror is, just wait until, God forbid, you're on the ground and somebody is dropping high explosives on you. A human being is defenseless against an aerial attack.
You can't, of course, declare war on a tactic, and at any rate, the cowardly Congress didn't require a declaration of war, as was its constitutional duty. And that is how we got into the mess we are in. It started with bad decisions, first on the part of the voters, and secondly on the part of the people we elected.
So, never let anyone tell you that elections don't matter. The day after Election Day, 100 percent of the power resides in 435 congressmen, 100 senators and one president. Their decisions can lead us to doom or to glory, to poverty or to prosperity, to war or to peace.
With our national debt at $8.6 trillion, with our military stretched to the breaking point, with most of the world hating us for our behavior, we don't have a lot of margin of error left. We'd better do better than voting for Mr. and Ms. Smiley Face.


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Many of the paintings in "Found Meditations" are inspired by Silve's morning walks through the neighborhoods of Portland. She pauses to consider and appreciate the color of a particular flower in a garden, the morning fog in the distance along Alameda drive, or the startling rush of coming upon a rare urban coyote. Others are inspired by the sculptures of John Chamberlain (1927-2011) with whom she has been fascinated since viewing his retrospective at the Guggenheim. She is awe struck by his success at combining rigid, impermeable materials to create expressive sculptures full of life and personality. Always, Silve is inspired by both the abundance of produce and the interactions of people at her local farmers' market.
Only after Silve mentally records the immersive intimacy of being a part of an experience does she begin to visualize a painting. In her studio, she works in a more structural way to develop these paintings, working from the outside inward to capture the fullness of being immersed in life or nature. She builds her canvases with layer upon layer of color, much as Chamberlain built his sculptures by arranging layer upon layer of colored metal.
These paintings are about my overall perspective, experiences and interpretations of Hawaii. During a month long stay on the islands, I realized that in Hawaii many opposites exist together. For example: the life below water and the life above water; the love of being in paradise and the hate of island fever; the free spending tourists and the thrifty locals; the dry bare side of an island and the wet jungle side. I felt these opposites created a harmony between the counterparts that was very unique to Hawaii and was essential for life on the islands. Visually, I relate these opposites to the horizon line that separates the atmosphere from the masses of water or land. The colors come directly from Hawaii's luscious botanical gardens and the vast ocean. My hope is to show contrasting worlds existing together in harmony.
These special works were made in dedication to my friend who was in intensive care for five weeks and then overcame the impossible. During her time in a coma, I found myself desperate to speak to her. This visceral body of work represents those intimate moments and conversations during that time and through her healing process. We are who we are because of where we've been. My friend was dependent on the strength of her body which was made up by her emotional and physical history. The history of these canvases are built with layers of paint, graphite, and pencils carving into wet paint, then sometimes sanding and reworking. The color represents our tangible history and structure, while the white exhibits our intuitive sense. Many of my marks are made with my eyes closed. This process gave me energy moving from my feet, and up through my body and out through my hands. It was a dependency of trust. I was able to speak instinctively. Music has always been a part of my art and it has also influenced these paintings. I chose methodical, instrumental music with a medium uplifting tempo to give me comfort. Just like my friend gained comfort through the touch and voice of her friends. I look at these works as a language without words; a poem understood on an intuitive level. These personal and intimate paintings reveal my poems and conversations with a friend in an abstracted state of mind.
These pieces were created after my dog Tiller, my studio companion, died. My hope was to show a part of one's personal history and an awareness of one's self, through the insights we gain from life's experiences.
Silve's expressive paintings are balanced with the structure of a cellist, aggressive strokes and random drips. They are her interpretations of her senses and how they interact with reality. In her paintings, her thoughts and emotions revolve around and connect to the cellist. She uses a performing cellist because it is a tangible subject which stimulates our auditory senses, but also encompasses time with a narrative quality. She places the cellist in a nonexistent environment to speak about feeling, mood and relationship rather than a cellist. Silve's work is derived from neo-expressionists, figurative artists and abstract expressionists such as Willem de Kooning, one of her main influences. Similar to de Kooning keeping the figure of a woman, Silve uses the icon of the cellist throughout her present work. Silve uses a visceral process, painting passionate marks which result in assured lines bursting with emotion. This technique is balanced with fluid, restful strokes that exhibit a narrative or lyrical quality. She creates a history of her life's rhythms with a depth achieved by layer after layer of paint. She strives to create a unity from the tensions of reality and the etherealness of emotions.
Portland, Oregon-based painter, Karen Silve, boldly exhibits sounds and rhythms with oil paint on canvas. Her passionate strokes land between broad assured lines exploding with emotion and fluid restful strokes exhibiting a narrative or lyrical quality.
There are moments of calm, moments of intense passion, moments of anxiety, and moments of simple beauty in the music that inspired these works.
Silve captures the dichotomy of harmony and dissonance in an alluring painting entitled White Composition. This was inspired by the chilling work of Schoenberg's A Survivor from Warsaw. The sweeping large black shape in the center cuts the cello like image in half in a destructive manner, yet her fluid strokes give a sense of relief and purity.
In contrast, Silve explores the blissful sounds from Beethoven's Ninth Symphony in Red Composition 6. A feeling of exploding joy from the music is described with dancing lines and vibrant colors.
In her les Violoncellistes series, Silve focuses on the rhythmic sounds played by the cellist. Her fluid strokes and subtle colors express the poetic flow of the music: the anxiety and violence, the joy and quiet beauty.
Silve's musician paintings are inspired from watching artists perform: from a deaf Irish percussionist who feels with her feet the vibrations of a symphony orchestra to a blues singer in a smoky tavern or a street musician on the sidewalks of Provence, France. Through expressive lines and shapes of color, Silve captures their consciousness turning inward, reaching deep inside themselves, their body movements reflecting the elation and struggle, the pleasure and pain of their art.


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Home » Art Gibb Award » WARREN KING, Ripton, VT
WARREN KING, Ripton, VT
2017 Arthur Gibb Award for Individual Leadership
Warren King, a life-long conservationist, has contributed his remarkable creativity, compassion, and energy to his work with Audubon Vermont, Vermont Nature Conservancy, Ripton's Planning and Conservation Commissions, New England Wildflower Society, and more, in service of Vermont's natural resources and communities.
Warren King epitomizes how the practice of taking local action can help address global challenges,
said VNRC executive director Brian Shupe.
King's work has rippled across the state to better inform public policy and local action on a range of initiatives that have deeply impacted Vermont communities and our environment for the better.
The award will be co-presented by author, educator, and environmentalist Bill McKibben, a Ripton resident and member of VNRC's Advisory Committee. In his book Wandering Home, McKibben noted that King and his wife, Barry, are the "sort of people who make a place tick – there's not a good civic work in which they're not implicated…[and they are] governed by common sense and a dose of wry humility."
Laurie Cox, chair of the Ripton Selectboard, wrote in her nomination of King, "Warren's commitment to leading our town – our community – in a positive direction is deeply based, long lived, and vigorously worked at. He is a leader and…he has consistently sought to involve people who represent a range of opinions to ensure the wider community is represented in the process while aiming for consensus…He will share his knowledge, he will share his ideas, and he will share the recognition for success."
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First foal for Profitable
Filly by the star sprinter arrives in Ireland
The first reported foal by G1 King's Stand Stakes winner and the best sprinting son of Invincible Spirit, Profitable, was born last week in Ireland.
Appropriately, she was bred by Profitable's own breeder Con Harrington and is out of the multiple winner Roxelana. The mare is a daughter of Falmouth Stakes winner Macadamia, making her a half-sister to Lovely Pass (Raven's Pass), who landed the UAE 1,000 Guineas back in 2013.
John Walsh, bloodstock agent for Con Harrington, was clearly happy with the new arrival, saying, "We are delighted with the filly.
"She is a good size with a lot of presence like her sire."
Profitable dominated the sprint rankings through the spring of 2016, with victories in the G3 Palace House Stakes and the G2 Temple Stakes before defeating an international field in the G1 King's Stand at Royal Ascot. He then chased home Lady Aurelia at Ascot the following year, plus Battaash in the King George Stakes at Goodwood before running an excellent race in the Prix de l'Abbaye at Chantilly on his last start.
He was extremely popular during his first season at Kildangan Stud, covering 179 mares.
Profitable will stand the forthcoming season at a fee of €12,000, Oct 1, SLF.
Stallions on show at Dalham Hall Stud and Kildangan Stud
2019 fees announced for the European Darley stallions
Kildangan Stud opens its doors
See more on Profitable
Contact Kildangan Stud


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TWO TEQUESTA POINT
The 16 Unit/s Available For Sale at TWO TEQUESTA POINT
1 Bedroom Units For Sale at TWO TEQUESTA POINT
1707 $440,000 $0.00 1/1 907/84.3 02/26/2016 More
3106 $650,000 $0.00 1/2 1317/122.4 07/18/2016 More
201 $975,000 $0.00 2/2 2306/214.2 10/09/2016 More
608 $1,150,000 $0.00 2/2 1884/175 11/02/2016 More
1808 $1,275,000 $0.00 2/2 1884/175 09/09/2016 More
The 8 Unit/s Available For Rent at TWO TEQUESTA POINT
1 Bedroom Units For Rent at TWO TEQUESTA POINT
3106 $2,900 $0.00 1/2 1317/122.4 10/21/2016 More
132 Unit/s Recently Sold at TWO TEQUESTA POINT
1 Bedroom Units Sold at TWO TEQUESTA POINT
10.92% 506 $595,000 $530,000 $0.00 1/2/0 1306/121.3 05/20/2013 More
9.09% 206 $550,000 $500,000 $0.00 2/2/0 1306/121.3 04/12/2007 More
2908 $640,000 $640,000 $0.00 2/2/1 1776/165 05/16/2011 More
10.59% 708 $699,000 $625,000 $0.00 2/2/1 1884/175 11/20/2009 More
3605 $700,000 $700,000 $0.00 2/2/0 1540/143.1 03/05/2012 More
7.41% 1006 $729,000 $675,000 $0.00 2/2/0 0/0 04/23/2006 More
12.50% 3402 $1,000,000 $875,000 $0.00 2/2/0 1709/158.8 06/05/2006 More
6.19% 3702 $1,049,999 $985,000 $0.00 2/2/1 1709/158.8 04/22/2015 More
12.04% 2908 $1,080,000 $950,000 $0.00 2/2/1 1776/165 09/07/2016 More
1.91% 2008 $1,095,900 $1,075,000 $0.00 2/2/1 1776/165 09/28/2015 More
13.25% 1708 $1,245,000 $1,080,000 $0.00 2/2/1 1884/175 07/15/2016 More
13.68% 2504 $950,000 $1,080,000 $0.00 3/3/1 2510/233.2 10/20/2010 More
16.67% 701 $1,140,000 $950,000 $0.00 3/3/0 2224/206.6 09/09/2011 More
17.60% 3401 $1,250,000 $1,030,000 $0.00 3/2/0 0/0 02/01/2011 More
11.90% N $1,280,000 $1,127,625 $0.00 3/3/1 2520/234.1 11/10/2012 More
2004 $1,700,000 $0 $0.00 3/3/0 2510/233.2 12/04/2016 More
7.82% PH03 $2,495,000 $2,300,000 $0.00 3/4/1 3581/332.7 03/13/2015 More


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Swedish House Mafia, Tinie Tempah, Snoop Dogg (Phoenix Park, Dublin)
I walked to the newsagents for coffee this morning and was greeted with front page headlines about Saturday in Phoenix Park from almost every Irish newspaper. What happened on Saturday is clearly shocking to the Irish gig-going community in general, and the fall out, I suspect, still has some way to go. It's genuinely difficult not to let hindsight affect your view of such an event, but I'm going to try my best to stick to what I personally saw and heard.
It's fair to say that Phoenix Park had a chaotic look to it when we arrived. I had to pause before collecting my ticket while an arrest was made outside the box office. The large proportion of the crowd was clearly heavily intoxicated, and the atmosphere did have a notable aggressive edge to it, though neither of those things are all that unusual at a percentage of urban/ rave style gigs. It's worth mentioning that I found the security to be well enforced. I saw several people refused entrance as they were too intoxicated, and had my bag searched fairly thoroughly. There appeared to be a higher than normal volume of security guards, and I regularly saw them walk through the crowd and act on bad behaviour. At some point, clearly, things got out of hand. I did feel uncomfortable enough to move to a different part of the crowd once or twice, but – perhaps wrongly, in hindsight – I never personally felt in serious danger.
I arrived just in time to see Snoop Dogg, comfortably the afternoons high. The west-coast legend bought good-vibes with him, strutting the stage clutching at his 'Snoop Dogg' microphone, and throwing in a host of big-name rap covers on top of his own material. 'Young, Wild and Free' saw Snoop lighting up on camera as his 'Nasty Dogg' mascot wondered the stage with a huge faux-joint. 'Sweat' and 'What's My Name' offer other highlights: Snoop's got an enviably impressive flow, and years of experience in entertaining huge audiences saw happy dance-offs dominate in the sunshine, with Snoop effortlessly cool and peppering his show with quips and summery beats. We were far from sold on the cover of House Of Pains's 'Jump Around' (which was out of place at best), but it stopping abruptly to make way for the good-time anthem of the day: 'Young, Wild and Free' was a definite afternoon… erm…high. I found Snoop to have an almost reggae-esque positive vibe to his music all in.
Tinie Tempah was less inspiring. His approach to rap might be somewhat dingier and more cutting than Snoop's mild rebellion (musically, at least – we'll reserve comment on that criminal record), but its live reproduction is shaky at best. He drags Calvin Harris on stage to join in new collaboration 'Drinking from the Bottle', and huge singles 'Pass Out' and 'Written in the Stars' get predictably euphoric receptions. Tinie is far too heavily dependent on backing track as a live entity though, especially for a man of such lofty reputation. He largely looked to entertain the Phoenix Park crowd himself, and in leaning on his predictable sound set up, lost any element of spontaneity that might have come with the set. Tinie's 'grime' style has depth, and offers a more interesting take on urban pop than many of his contemporaries, but as a live set up, he's simply far too much like a straight radio-play reproduction to be interesting. The show needs a serious make over, and some of that lies in what seemed a lot like a 'minimum effort' performance.
Despite a star-studded support selection, though, it's clear the headline act Swedish House Mafia were by far the biggest draw, and when the three of them announced their arrival with an epilepsy-inducing array of lights and colour, Phoenix Park collectively lifted its arms to the sky, shook its flimsy denim-covered asses and flung its neon high. What beguiles is quite why. Swedish House Mafia are on the verge of a much-publicized break-up, and just a few short days ago deemed to make that great musical miss-step of comparing themselves to The Beatles in interview. What they are is a painfully generic, thumping heady dance act with one mighty impressive stage set up, but truthfully not a whole lot else.
'Nothing But Love', 'Greyhound' and 'Antidote' all made up the kind of euphoric dance-beats that would fit in nicely at any messy club night, and would go down a storm in Ibiza (or whatever island is the latest to suffer from an annual influx of too-often pharmaceutical dosed clubbers). The lasers, if anything, are more enthralling than the music itself. 'Coming Home' mashed with excerpts from Faithless' 'Insomnia' and the laser-ridden highlight 'Save The World' are somewhat redeeming musically, but all in a group like this comparing themselves to one of the most influential acts of all time is laughable: their tracks might have marginally complex constructs, but they're crude and uninspiring, and the live set lacked much in the way of originality. Sure, you can go mad to it, which is probably what attracts such a 'feisty' crowd, but Swedish House Mafia fall down as a live act when it comes to any kind of notable artistry at all. The crowd, though, clearly loved them; we felt odd and stood fairly unmoved before the lasers.
And so we dance, and watch the chaos unfold. From where we're standing – obviously I can't write about what I didn't see – it's largely fun-loving chaos. Fuelled by intoxicants of one kind or the other, undoubtedly, and extremely muddy, but fun-loving nonetheless. We see a handful go over the top, and several of them are evicted. Others simple enjoy the night, among an admittedly aggressive but seemingly under-control crowd. Later, we learn that the minor chaos we see – nothing that would have any real lasting effect – is the tip of the iceberg. I'll leave it to the news sites, those who have the facts, to tell you about that. All I can point to is that while the music – Snoop Dogg aside – was no more inspiring than late night radio, I enjoyed parts of the night, and – I can only speak for myself, and again, I'm trying to ignore hindsight – I never felt hugely unsafe.
I've tried to talk about the music, and not be influenced by my reflective feelings on tonight. Under the circumstances it's been hard, especially given that I did find the crowd a turn off, and the music something of a flop, but allowing those facts to allow me to speculate or imply something more sinister wouldn't be right. I hope, if nothing else, it offers a bit of 'on the ground' perspective.
I'm sure everyone at Goldenplec joins me offering our condolences to those affected by the events that took place in Phoenix Park on Saturday night. I'd estimate I've been to nearly a thousand nights of live music in my life, and what I've since heard about taking place on Saturday night is a first for me. I don't want to be part of a music scene that requires security to be at airport level, and policing to be intense: music should be about pleasure, about community, and above all about enjoyment. I hope this is the last time I ever have to write a review with such a cloud hanging over it.


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Spartan Newsroom (https://news.jrn.msu.edu/tag/crimes/)
State groups dispute how downtowns spend special millages
By Capital News Service | October 7, 2016
By BRIDGET BUSH
LANSING– A dispute between the state groups representing counties and downtowns has erupted over the way tax money is spent. Michigan Association of County officials say some special millage tax dollars that could be spent on senior citizens, veterans and other causes get diverted into a popular tax strategy for helping downtowns. A five-bill package was recently introduced in the House of Representatives to improve the oversight and transparency of groups capturing this tax revenue. Cosponsors are Reps. Lee Chatfield, R-Levering; Lana Theis,R- Brighton; Amanda Price; R-Park Township; Pat Somerville R-New Boston; and David Mature, R- Vicksburg.
Number of cops, crimes down statewide in 2014
By Capital News Service | March 25, 2016
By JOSHUA BENDER
LANSING — The number of police officers in Michigan shrank by 15.4 percent between 2001 and 2014, according to a recently released report by the House Fiscal Agency. Yet despite that drop, crime in Michigan fell by roughly 34 percent during the same period, according to the State Police. These simultaneous declines are surprising, some in Michigan's law enforcement community said. "It kind've flies in the face of conventional wisdom from 15 years ago," said Robert Buursma, a captain in the Holland Police Department. The drop is not as dramatic as it appears in light of Michigan's shrinking population.


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OPENING ADDRESS BY MR CHOI SHING KWOK,...
Opening Address by Mr Choi Shing Kwok, Permanent Secretary for the Environment and Water Resources at the World Engineers Summit's Industry Roundtable
Good morning. I would like to express my thanks to the Institution of Engineers Singapore for inviting me to participate at this Industry Roundtable.
The participants in this Roundtable come from a wide range of sectors and this shows the interest that there is in the topics being discussed today. This is appropriate and encouraging as the issues and responses needed from businesses to climate change do cut across the whole economy.
2015 will be a significant year for climate change history. The world will be meeting in Paris in December to finalise a new global climate agreement and every single country, including Singapore, will have to commit to play its part in curbing greenhouse gas emissions. Having this Industry Roundtable, at this point in time, is therefore apt and timely.
Singapore's Pledge to UNFCCC
Climate change is a global problem which needs a collective global solution. Inaction is not an option unless we want to risk extinction and all of us, be it companies or governments, have to make challenging policies and difficult decisions, hopefully supported by the best analysis and research that the science can offer us today.
Earlier this month, Singapore submitted our Intended Nationally Determined Contribution (INDC) to the United Nations. Our INDC states our intention to reduce Singapore's emissions intensity by 36% from 2005 levels by 2030, and to stabilise emissions with the aim of peaking around 2030. This ambitious target reflects Singapore's commitment towards the global efforts to address climate change.
Singapore's pledge is a stretched target, given that Singapore had started to switch from fuel oil to natural gas, which is the cleanest form of fossil fuel for power generation, since the early 2000s. In addition, we have limited access to renewable energy sources because of our small land size and low wind and water current speeds. We therefore need to look for much more advanced and sophisticated means to reduce our GHG emissions from now on, as all the low hanging fruits that most countries are relying on have already been plucked in Singapore. This is not an easy task and will require close cooperation between the Government, businesses, NGOs as well as society. This is where all of you can help play a role – both in reducing your company's emissions as well as coming up with innovative solutions that can help to tackle climate change more broadly.
Singapore's Climate Projections Beyond reducing emissions, we also need to prepare Singapore and Singaporeans for the impact of climate change. Earlier this month, it was reported in the news that the Thai government had warned that Bangkok's tap water may run out within a month as the country is facing its worst drought in more than a decade. At the same time, Thai authorities have also lowered their forecast for this year's rice output by more than 2 million tonnes, which amounts to a 10% cut from what was forecasted previously. Such events will not only have an impact on Thailand but also the region as well. As you know, Singapore is a very open economy in which our trade is 3 times our GDP, so we will not be immune to situations like this, which will become more common in future.
As part of our efforts to prepare ourselves, the Centre for Climate Research Singapore (CCRS), in collaboration with the UK Met Office Hadley Centre, has developed a robust set of climate projections for Singapore and our immediate region.
The study projected three key changes: (a) First, that the daily mean temperatures will increase by approximately 1.4 – 4.6ºC by the end of this century; (b) An increase in the intensity and frequency of heavy rainfall events over Singapore, particularly during the wetter season; and (c) The study also projected a total sea level rise of 0.45-1.02 m by the year 2100.
Climate Change – A Business Case?
What do all these mean for us and for businesses? Clearly, we can no longer operate in a business-as-usual mode. Climate change has and will continue to put our infrastructure and operational paradigms at risk, and threaten both lives and livelihoods. Together with the government, companies across all sectors will need to respond to and manage the risks from the impacts of climate change. Failure to do so in an effective manner will incur huge financial costs and job losses in the long run, not to mention enormous upheaval for everyone.
Some companies have realised this and have started preparing for climate change. For example, Bayer AG, a global MNC with competencies in health care, agriculture and materials science, has developed a centralised risk management database and "risk matrix" which they use to evaluate and prioritise climate-related risks over a 10 to 20-year planning horizon. This information will help Bayer to make informed investment decisions for the next 50 years. In addition, it also provides them with a headstart to bring new innovations to market which generally require a lead time of up to 15 years for research and development.
However, climate change is not only about managing the downside risks. There are also many opportunities to be seized too, especially in urban solutions, as cities move to prepare themselves for climate change. Many cities have developed ambitious targets to reduce their carbon emissions and are putting in place plans to adapt themselves to climate change. For example, Jakarta has launched a massive $40 billion land-reclamation project last year to protect itself from rising sea levels. In Singapore, we have already made considerable efforts on this front. We have raised the platform levels for reclamation by 1 m from 3m to 4m above mean sea level since 2011 to take into account the future rise in sea levels. We have also made the drainage standards for all parts of Singapore more stringent to build in a buffer for more intense rainstorms in future. On top of that, we have built seawalls to protect our coastline and developed the four national taps to enhance our water resources. Research is also on-going to determine how climatic factors can affect public health risks, as well as our transportation, energy and telecommunications infrastructure. We can expect many more projects to increase our resilience to climate change in the coming years as all cities implement their adaptation plans.
In our part of the world, I also foresee that there will be a stronger impetus to harness green growth opportunities from innovations in energy efficiency and clean technology solutions. Our government, for example, has started to invest in clean energy. One of my Ministry's projects is the installation of a 1 Megawatt peak solar photovoltaic system in PUB's Choa Chu Kang Waterworks. It meets about 7 per cent of the plant's average daily energy needs, which is equivalent to about 1.1GWh of clean energy a year. This will reduce PUB's carbon emission by 500 tonnes per year. To overcome our land constraints, PUB will also be seeking possible innovative solutions to optimise our space for solar power generation through the test-bedding of floating solar PV panels at Tengeh Reservoir.
On the private sector front, we are seeing more new initiatives as demand for more energy efficient solutions grow. For example, Panasonic Appliances and Refrigeration Devices Singapore converted two of its boilers to operate on any fuel including those that are more fuel efficient. This contributed to significant improvements in Panasonic's environmental performance, particularly in the reduction of carbon emissions. At the same time, the company has also set up an energy solutions team to develop and trial a new-generation energy system that combines solar systems, energy storage and home energy management systems.
City Development Limited (CDL) is another gleaming example. CDL has, over the past two decades, been at the forefront of green building innovation. Its Tree House condominium, for example, has achieved a Guinness World Record for the largest vertical garden. Beyond the aesthetic feature, the 24-storey vertical garden also provides tangible benefits. Air-conditioning energy savings of between 15 - 30 per cent annually are expected for some of the rooms insulated by the garden.
All these points to a growth in demand for innovative, cost-effective and quality sustainability solutions. This presents real business opportunities and at the same time, a challenge to the engineering community to be bold and experiment, to think creatively and come up with solutions to meet these needs.
Beyond the individual business opportunities, project returns and accolades that being green can confer on businesses, there is growing evidence that choosing pro-actively to be sustainable makes good business sense for the whole company. I am not just talking about success in the form of having a feel-good culture but also in terms of profitability, growth and overall success in the marketplace. The clearest example of a company that lives this out is Unilever. Unilever set itself a bold vision in 2010 to halve its environmental footprint and source all its inputs sustainably within a period of 10 years, while maintaining strong growth and treating both its employees and customers well. It has made good progress towards its goals. Most significantly, in a recent study of its own business units, Unilever found that those brands that were actively practicing sustainability were more successful than those that were not. In particular, these brands accounted for half the growth of the company in 2014, grew at twice the rate of the rest of the company and were more profitable than standard products. This vindicates their strategy and holds many lessons for other companies bold enough to follow suit.
Concerted Efforts by All
Let me conclude. Governments cannot solve the problem of climate change alone. Businesses have to be at the table, ready to rise to the challenge of developing innovative and practical solutions. As we continue to chart the course towards building a climate resilient and low-carbon society, let us build stronger cooperation between companies, financial institutions, NGOs, government and investors. Discussions such as this can make an important contribution. Our collective wisdom and experiences will help us to move faster towards the goals we set for ourselves. Ultimately, I believe that this will not only be good for the earth and its people, it will also mean greater success for enlightened companies like yourselves.
I look forward to a fruitful and meaningful discussion with all of you. Thank you.


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text:
ISIS claims responsibility: says California killers were their followers
The Islamic State group on Saturday said that a married couple who murdered 14 people in California in an attack the FBI is investigating as an "act of terrorism" were followers of the terrorist organization. The extremist group made its claim in an online radio broadcast, Reuters reported. The declaration comes three days after Syed Farook, 28, and his wife Tashfeen Malik, 29, carried out a mass shooting on a holiday party for civil servants in San Bernardino, Calif., killing 14.
Source: ISIS claims responsibility: says California killers were their followers – Washington Times


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text:
Theater as Metaphor
Authors: Penskaya, Elena --- Küpper, Joachim
ISBN: 9783110622034 Year: 2019 Pages: 276 DOI: 10.1515/9783110622034 Language: English
Publisher: De Gruyter
Subject: Languages and Literatures
The papers of the present volume investigate the potential of the metaphor of life as theater for literary, philosophical, juridical and epistemological discourses from the Middle Ages through modernity, and focusing on traditions as manifold as French, Spanish, Italian, German, Russian and Latin-American.
Metaphor --- Literary History --- Theater Studies
Publisher: De Gruyter Grant: FP7 Ideas: European Research Council - 246603
History and Drama. The Pan-European Tradition
Authors: Küpper, Joachim --- Mosch, Jan --- Penskaya, Elena
Subject: Performing Arts
Aristotle's neat compartmentalization notwithstanding (Poetics, ch. 9), historians and playwrights have both been laying claim to representations of the past – arguably since Antiquity, but certainly since the Renaissance. At a time when narratology challenges historiographers to differentiate their "emplotments" (White) from literary inventions, this thirteen-essay collection takes a fresh look at the production of historico-political knowledge in literature and the intricacies of reality and fiction. Written by experts who teach in Germany, Austria, Russia, and the United States, the articles provide a thorough interpretation of early modern drama (with a view to classical times and the 19th century) as an ideological platform that is as open to royal self-fashioning and soteriology as it is to travestying and subverting the means and ends of historical interpretation. The comparative analysis of metapoetic and historiosophic aspects also sheds light on drama as a transnational phenomenon, demonstrating the importance of the cultural net that links the multifaceted textual examples from France, Russia, England, Italy, and the Netherlands.
Drama History of Ideas Comparative Literature Early Modern Europe


When Charlie Annenberg adopted an abandoned golden retriever named Lucky, a new breed of philanthropy was born. Annenberg incorporated Lucky into all his projects - making documentaries about people who were making a difference.
Lucky became Annenberg's sidekick & soul mate and would eventually inspire donations to dog-focused causes. Across America everywhere they went Annenberg filmed Lucky interacting with people and places. In 2010, Annenberg used his Lucky photos & films for a travel journal on Facebook, recording stories of their trips.
Annenberg called the journal Dog Bless You, he said, because several years earlier Lucky had befriended a homeless man in San Francisco. They shared time and a sandwich with the man. As they were leaving, the man said: "Dog bless you."
The Facebook page was all about Lucky, captured the fervor for pets that was growing around the country with over 500,000 fans.
When an earthquake and tsunami struck Japan in 2011, killing more than 18,000 people, Annenberg used Dog Bless You to send six search dogs.
When war veterans started returning home in large numbers, with wounds including brain injuries and post-traumatic stress disorder, passion for the cause on Dog Bless You soared.
Annenberg (grandson of the late publisher, ambassador and philanthropist Walter H. Annenberg) heads up The Annenberg Foundation which gives away up to $8 million a year. In just three years, he's donated 170 guide dogs, search & rescue dogs or service dogs for veterans.The majority of the dogs funded by Annenberg have been for veterans.
"Hearing the stories of how these dogs help bring their humans out of the darkness is incredible. In some instances, having the companionship of a dog is what motivates them to keep going – it gives them a purpose and reason to get up in the morning." said Dog Bless You fan Rachel Nelken of Vancouver, British Columbia.


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Pokemon Go Fake Privacy Concerns
July 16, 2016 By June Harris
Pokemon Go proved to be immensely successful in the US.
The Pokemon Go obsession resulted in privacy rumors that provoked hysteria among users. A blog post published an article accusing Niantic Labs and Nintendo of illegally getting access to Google accounts.
It seems that the app had an issue with permissions' implementation on iPhones. The developer fixed the problems immediately.
However, the rumors continued, and spirits rose in a privacy panic. For a whole week, the scared users started to uninstall the app, not knowing what exactly could leak online from their private data.
The Pokemon Go Experience
Pokemon Go met an incredible success. The game involves a treasure hunt that is orientated by GPS data and uses the smartphone camera. People are moving out in the world looking for Pokemons and are forced to interact with one another. The whole experience proved to be immensely entertaining in the US.
The stories around the treasure hunts are way more interesting than the game in itself. People started to have real-life adventures while looking for Pokemons in churches, gay bars, police stations and courthouses. The social media presented the case of an individual who found a dead body, while another one that managed to get robbed.
The whole affair made police issue safety guidelines for Pokemon Go players. However, the game has proven to have even mental health benefits, making people explore their environment and seek adventures. Since its release, the game brought $11 billion to Nintendo.
The Rumors and the Fix
The Gmail access requested by the app meant that Niantic could get information such as email address and a phone number. The issue proved to be only a mistake on the part of Google and Niantic and not an actual privacy error. Moreover, the information had never been used maliciously.
By a mere coincidence, the lack of availability of the signup process was unavailable during last week. The explanation is that the Pokemon servers did not manage the incredible activity of the increasing number of users.
Other apps have similar privacy issues. For example, Runkeeper records the location even after the app is turned off. Facebook was accused of tracking the users' location and matching them with other profiles of people in the vicinity.
The experts recommend being careful when offering access to social media profiles. Social login permissions can provide third party companies with personal data, and they are tough to control.
Pokemon Go privacy issue was in fact not a problem at all. The access permissions were negotiated between Nintendo and Google beforehand, and the information needed by the app was restricted to basic personal details such as phone numbers and email addresses.
The malfunction of the app was observed only on iPhones, and the bug was fixed in no time. The rest of the discussion is just a matter of rumors and induced mass hysteria.
Image Source: YouTube
Filed Under: Technology Tagged With: geocaching, Google, mass hysteria, Niantic Labs, Nintendo, Pokemon Go, Pokemon Go Fake Privacy Concerns, privacy concerns, rumors
First Microsoft Lumia Handset Revealed
November 8, 2014 By Carol Harper
Several months ago, Microsoft ended the period of Nokia smartphones. At last, the company has declared the end date of Nokia smartphones: November 11.
Recently, Microsoft released a new image of the first Lumia smartphone. The smartphone will obviously carry the new brand name of the company.
A few ago, the biggest tech giant teaser image displayed the first image of the new Lumia smartphone. The image showed a smartphone covered in orange plastic along with the logo of Microsoft on its both sides.
However, the latest image gives us a look of the camera of Microsoft Lumia. The rumors and leaked pictures suggest that Microsoft is all set to launch the new handset. The company has not yet officially announced the release date. According to rumors, Microsoft will probably unveil the new product on the 11th of this month.
On the other hand, people are still unaware of the specs and features of the first Lumia handset. Nonetheless, some rumors proposed that the new phone would be pretty similar to Nokia Lumia 830.
Tuula Rytila, senior vice president of the company stated that the first handset of Nokia Lumia would not affect the popularity of Nokia Lumia 830.
The Nokia Lumia will run on a quad-core Snapdragon 400. The company will present the device with a 10 Megapixel camera, 5 inch massive display screen along with the resolution of 1280 x 720. Moreover, the device will come with 1GB of RAM with the option of MicroSD card slot.
Microsoft got hold of Nokia's handset business at a cost of $7.2 billion in April.
Filed Under: Technology Tagged With: features, leaked images, logo, Microsoft Lumia, new handset, Nokia Lumia 830, release date, rumors


Add a 335-style f-hole to any design. This is the same f-hole as appears in our 335-Style template set. NOTE: this f-hole is not large enough to pass potentiometers through. 1/2" MDF.
Add a diamond shaped f-hole to any design. This is the same f-hole as appears in our DG style 335 template set. NOTE: this f-hole is large enough to pass a CTS potentiometer through. 1/2" MDF.


Born from the same mother and father.
Sharing the same experiences whether we are together or apart.
Blood and friendship bind us together.
We are a bond that cannot be broken.
A relationship that is like none other.


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Articles tagged "Tumor recurrence"
Degree of Pre-Liver Transplant Immune Dysfunction Correlates with Post-Transplant Cancer Recurrence
G. S. Prakash1, G. G. Panayotova1, S. Simonishvili1, Y. Qin1, L. Jin1, T. Ayorinde1, L. J. Minze2, F. Paterno1, L. Brown1, A. Amin1, D. Liu1, R. Ghobrial2, J. V. Guarrera1, K. E. Lunsford1
1Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 2Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX
*Purpose: Despite stringent selection criteria for liver transplant (LT) in patients with liver-limited malignancy, post-transplant cancer recurrence remains problematic. We have previously identified a pre-LT…
Clinical Efficacy of Adjuvant Immunotherapy for Liver Transplant Recipients with Exceeding Japan Criteria of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using Donor Liver Derived Natural Killer Cells
M. Ohira1, Y. Imaoka2, K. Sato3, K. Imaoka1, N. Tanimine1, H. Tahara1, K. Ide1, T. Kobayashi1, Y. Tanaka1, A. G. Tzakis4, S. Nishida5, H. Ohdan1
1Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan, 2Hiroshima Uni., Hiroshima, Japan, 3Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan, 4Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 5Univ of Miami School of Medicine, Valhalla, NY
*Purpose: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide and is an indication for liver transplantation (LT). Immunosuppressive regimens currently used after…
Induction Immunosuppression Does Not Worsen Tumor Recurrence After Liver Transplantation for T2 Hepatocellular Carcinoma and May Allow for Decreased Mortality
C. Durkin1, T. Bittermann1, D. E. Schaubel2
1Gastroenterology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 2Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
*Purpose: Prior studies have suggested that induction therapy leads to worse outcomes after liver transplantation (LT) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study evaluated the impact…
Mortality in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients with a Pretransplant Cancer Diagnosis
A. Hart1, R. Pfeiffer2, B. Morawski3, C. Lynch4, Y. Zeng5, K. Pawlish6, K. Yu7, D. Hurley8, E. Engels7
1Hennepin Healthcare, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 2Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 3Cancer Registry of Idaho, Boise, ID, 4Epidemiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 5North Dakota Statewide Cancer Registry, Grand Forks, ND, 6New Jersey State Cancer Registry, Trenton, NJ, 7Infections and Immunoepidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 8University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
*Purpose: Transplant-associated immunosuppression may cause cancer recurrence in patients with a pretransplant cancer, but little is known about outcomes among these recipients.*Methods: We used data…
Prevalence and Clinical Significance of Pancreatic Cystic Lesions in Immunosuppressed Patients with Solid Organ Transplantation
Y. Yu, H. Jo, Y. Choi, J. Lee, D. Kim
HBP surgery and liver transplantation, Korea University College of Medicine and School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
*Purpose: Solid organ transplant recipients have an increased risk of cancer due to immunosuppressive therapy. Pancreatic cystic lesions (PCLs) are increasingly being detected, some with…
Everolimus in Liver Transplantation for Diffuse, Unresectable Neuroendocrine Tumor
J. M. Vanatta1, R. A. Helmick2, C. Eymard2, N. Nezakatgoo2, P. Horton2, J. P. Kothadia2, S. P. Nair2, J. D. Eason2
1Transplantation, University of Tennessee/Methodist University Hospital, Memphis, TN, 2Transplantation, University of Tennessee, Memphis, TN
*Purpose: Liver transplantation (LT) has emerged as a therapy in selected patients for neuroendocrine tumor (NET) by providing cytoreduction. Progression-free survival in NET has been…
Atherosclerosis Reduces Anti-Tumor Activity of Liver-Resident Natural Killer Cells
K. Imaoka, M. Ohira, K. Sato, Y. Imaoka, R. Nakano, H. Ohdan
Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
*Purpose: Abdominal aorta calcification (AAC) is associated with an increased relative risk of coronary events, cerebrovascular events, cardiovascular events, and cardiovascular death. We report that…
Pilot Evaluation of Prognosis After Liver Transplantation in Patients with a History of Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Pd-1 Inhibition
M. Chen1, Z. Chen1, X. Lin2
1First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China, 2the Eastern Hospital of the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
*Purpose: The successful applications of programmed death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitors in cancer therapy has led to an expanding use of immunotherapy in oncolog Liver transplantation…
Outcomes of Liver Transplantation for Combined Hepatocellular Cholangiocarcinoma: A Single-center Experience
Y. Liu1, C. Hanlon1, S. Zhou1, D. Toy1, K. King2, K. Zhou3, J. Kahn3, L. Yuan3
1Internal Medicine, USC Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, 2Radiology, USC Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, 3Internal Medicine - Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease, USC Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA
*Purpose: Combined hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CCA) is a hepatic tumor that exhibits histological features of both hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). cHCC-CCA is often diagnosed…
Living Donor Liver Transplant for Unresectable Colorectal Metastasis: A Case Series
B. Emmanuel, H. Al-Harakeh, A. Humar, C. Hughes, A. Tevar, M. Molinari, A. Ganoza
Starzl Transplant Institute, UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA
*Purpose: Colorectal Cancer (CRC) represents the third most common malignancy worldwide. In the US, CRC lifetime risk is approximately 1 in 23 (4.4%) for men…


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A mammoth is any species of the extinct elephantid genus Mammuthus, one of the many genera that make up the order of trunked mammals called proboscideans. The various species of mammoth were commonly equipped with long, curved tusks and, in northern species, a covering of long hair. They lived from the Pliocene epoch (from around 5 million years ago) into the Holocene at about 4,000 years ago, and various species existed in Africa, Europe, Asia, and North America. They were members of the family Elephantidae, which also contains the two genera of modern elephants and their ancestors. Mammoths are more closely related to living Asian elephants than African elephants.

The oldest representative of Mammuthus, the South African mammoth (M. subplanifrons), appeared around 5 million years ago during the early Pliocene in what is now southern and eastern Africa. Descendant species of these mammoths moved north and continued to propagate into numerous subsequent species, eventually covering most of Eurasia before migrating into North America around 1.5-1.3 million years ago, becoming ancestral to the Columbian mammoth (M. columbi). The last species to emerge, the woolly mammoth (M. primigenius), developed about 400,000 years ago in East Asia, with some surviving on Russia's Wrangel Island in the Arctic Ocean, as well as possibly the Taymyr Peninsula on mainland Siberia, until as recently as roughly 3,700 to 4,000 years ago, still extant during the construction of the Great Pyramid of ancient Egypt.

Evolution
The earliest known proboscideans, the clade that contains the elephants, existed about 55 million years ago around the Tethys Sea area. The closest relatives of the Proboscidea are the sirenians and the hyraxes. The family Elephantidae is known to have existed six million years ago in Africa, and includes the living elephants and the mammoths. Among many now extinct clades, the mastodon is only a distant relative of the mammoths, and part of the separate Mammutidae family, which diverged 25 million years before the mammoths evolved.

The following cladogram shows the placement of the genus Mammuthus among other proboscideans, based on hyoid characteristics:

Since many remains of each species of mammoth are known from several localities, it is possible to reconstruct the evolutionary history of the genus through morphological studies. Mammoth species can be identified from the number of enamel ridges on their molars; the primitive species had few ridges, and the amount increased gradually as new species evolved and replaced the former ones. At the same time, the crowns of the teeth became longer, and the skulls become higher from top to bottom and shorter from the back to the front over time to accommodate this.

The first known members of the genus Mammuthus are the African species Mammuthus subplanifrons from the Pliocene and Mammuthus africanavus from the Pleistocene. The former is thought to be the ancestor of later forms. Mammoths entered Europe around 3 million years ago; the earliest known type has been named M. rumanus, which spread across Europe and China. Only its molars are known, which show it had 8–10 enamel ridges. A population evolved 12–14 ridges and split off from and replaced the earlier type, becoming M. meridionalis. In turn, this species was replaced by the steppe mammoth, M. trogontherii, with 18–20 ridges, which evolved in East Asia ca. 1.8 million years ago. Steppe mammoth populations replaced M. meridionalis in Europe between 1 and 0.7 million years ago.  The Columbian mammoth, M. columbi, evolved from a population of M. trogontherii that had entered North America over 1 million years ago. Mammoths derived from M. trogontherii evolved molars with 26 ridges between 800,000 and 400,000 years ago in Siberia, becoming the woolly mammoth, M. primigenius. The woolly mammoth would replace the steppe mammoth in Europe during the late Middle Pleistocene around 200,000 years ago. A 2011 genetic study showed that two examined specimens of the Columbian mammoth were grouped within a subclade of woolly mammoths. This suggests that the two populations interbred and produced fertile offspring. It also suggested that a North American form known as "M. jeffersonii" may be a hybrid between the two species.

By the late Pleistocene, mammoths in continental Eurasia had undergone a major transformation, including a shortening and heightening of the cranium and mandible, increase in molar hypsodonty index, increase in plate number, and thinning of dental enamel. Due to this change in physical appearance, it became customary to group European mammoths separately into distinguishable clusters:

 Early Pleistocene – Mammuthus meridionalis
 Middle Pleistocene – Mammuthus trogontherii
 Late Pleistocene – Mammuthus primigenius

There is speculation as to what caused this variation within the three chronospecies. Variations in environment, climate change, and migration surely played roles in the evolutionary process of the mammoths. Take M. primigenius for example: Woolly mammoths lived in opened grassland biomes. The cool steppe-tundra of the Northern Hemisphere was the ideal place for mammoths to thrive because of the resources it supplied. With occasional warmings during the ice age, climate would change the landscape, and resources available to the mammoths altered accordingly.

In February 2021, scientists reported that DNA from million-year old mammoth remains had become the oldest ever sequenced.

Etymology and early observations

The word mammoth was first used in Europe during the early 17th century, when referring to maimanto tusks discovered in Siberia. John Bell, who was on the Ob River in 1722, said that mammoth tusks were well known in the area. They were called "mammon's horn" and were often found in washed-out river banks. Some local people claimed to have seen a living mammoth, but they came out only at night and always disappeared under water when detected. He bought one and presented it to Hans Sloan who pronounced it an elephant's tooth.

The folklore of some native peoples of Siberia, who would routinely find mammoth bones, and sometimes frozen mammoth bodies, in eroding river banks, had various interesting explanations for these finds. Among the Khanty people of the Irtysh River basin, a belief existed that the mammoth was some kind of a water spirit. According to other Khanty, the mammoth was a creature that lived underground,  burrowing its tunnels as it went, and would die if it accidentally came to the surface.
The concept of the mammoth as an underground creature was known to the Chinese, who received some mammoth ivory from the Siberian natives; accordingly, the creature was known in China as yǐn shǔ 隐鼠, "the hidden rodent".

Thomas Jefferson, who famously had a keen interest in paleontology, is partially responsible for transforming the word mammoth from a noun describing the prehistoric elephant to an adjective describing anything of surprisingly large size. The first recorded use of the word as an adjective was in a description of a large wheel of cheese (the "Cheshire Mammoth Cheese") given to Jefferson in 1802.

Description

Like their modern relatives, mammoths were quite large. The largest known species reached heights in the region of  at the shoulder and weights of up to , while exceptionally large males may have exceeded . However, most species of mammoth were only about as large as a modern Asian elephant (which are about 2.5 m to 3 m high at the shoulder, and rarely exceeding 5 tonnes). Both sexes bore tusks. A first, small set appeared at about the age of six months, and these were replaced at about 18 months by the permanent set. Growth of the permanent set was at a rate of about  per year.

Based on studies of their close relatives, the modern elephants, mammoths probably had a gestation period of 22 months, resulting in a single calf being born. Their social structure was probably the same as that of African and Asian elephants, with females living in herds headed by a matriarch, whilst bulls lived solitary lives or formed loose groups after sexual maturity.

Scientists discovered and studied the remains of a mammoth calf, and found that fat greatly influenced its form, and enabled it to store large amounts of nutrients necessary for survival in temperatures as low as . The fat also allowed the mammoths to increase their muscle mass, allowing the mammoths to fight against enemies and live longer.  Woolly mammoths evolved a suite of adaptations for arctic life, including morphological traits such as small ears and tails to minimize heat loss, a thick layer of subcutaneous fat, long thick fur, and numerous sebaceous glands for insulation , as well as a large brown-fat hump like deposit behind the neck that may have functioned as a heat source and fat reservoir during winter.

Diet
Depending on the species or race of mammoth, the diet differed somewhat depending on location, although all mammoths ate similar things. For the Columbian mammoth, M. columbi, the diet was mainly grazing. American Columbian mammoths fed primarily on cactus leaves, trees, and shrubs. These assumptions were based on mammoth feces and mammoth teeth. Mammoths, like modern day elephants, have hypsodont molars. These features also allowed mammoths to live an expansive life because of the availability of grasses and trees.

For the Mongochen mammoth, its diet consisted of herbs, grasses, larch, and shrubs, and possibly alder. These inferences were made through the observation of mammoth feces, which scientists observed contained non-arboreal pollen and moss spores.

European mammoths had a major diet of C3 carbon fixation plants. This was determined by examining the isotopic data from the European mammoth teeth.

The arctic tundra and steppe where the mammoths lived appears to have been dominated by forbs, not grass. These were richer in protein and easier to digest than grasses and wooden plants, which came to dominate the areas when the climate became wetter and warmer. This could have been a major contributor to why the arctic megafauna went extinct.

The Yamal baby mammoth Lyuba, found in 2007 in the Yamal Peninsula in Western Siberia, suggests that baby mammoths, as do modern baby elephants, ate the dung of adult animals. The evidence to show this is that the dentition (teeth) of the baby mammoth had not yet fully developed to chew grass. Furthermore, there was an abundance of ascospores of coprophilous fungi from the pollen spectrum of the baby's mother. Coprophilous fungi are fungi that grow on animal dung and disperse spores in nearby vegetation, which the baby mammoth would then consume. Spores might have gotten into its stomach while grazing for the first few times. Coprophagy may be an adaptation, serving to populate the infant's gut with the needed microbiome for digestion.

Mammoths alive in the Arctic during the Last Glacial Maximum consumed mainly forbs, such as Artemisia; graminoids were only a minor part of their diet.

Extinction

The woolly mammoth (M. primigenius) was the last species of the genus. Most populations of the woolly mammoth in North America and Eurasia, as well as all the Columbian mammoths (M. columbi) in North America, died out around the time of the last glacial retreat, as part of a mass extinction of megafauna in northern Eurasia and the Americas. Until recently, the last woolly mammoths were generally assumed to have vanished from Europe and southern Siberia about 12,000 years ago, but new findings show some were still present there about 10,000 years ago. Slightly later, the woolly mammoths also disappeared from continental northern Siberia. A small population survived on St. Paul Island, Alaska, up until 3750 BC, and the small mammoths of Wrangel Island survived until about 2000 BC Recent eDNA research of sediments indicates mammoths survived in north central Siberia at least as late as 2000 BC, in continental northeast Siberia until at least 5300 BC, and until at least 6600 BC in North America.

The warming trend (Holocene) that occurred 12,000 years ago, accompanied by a glacial retreat and rising sea levels, has been suggested as a contributing factor. Forests replaced open woodlands and grasslands across the continent. The available habitat would have been reduced for some megafaunal species, such as the mammoth. However, such climate changes were nothing new; numerous very similar warming episodes had occurred previously within the ice age of the last several million years without producing comparable megafaunal extinctions, so climate alone is unlikely to have played a decisive role. The spread of advanced human hunters through northern Eurasia and the Americas around the time of the extinctions, however, was a new development, and thus might have contributed significantly.

Whether the general mammoth population died out for climatic reasons or due to overhunting by humans is controversial. During the transition from the Late Pleistocene epoch to the Holocene epoch, there was shrinkage of the distribution of the mammoth because progressive warming at the end of the Pleistocene epoch changed the mammoth's environment. The mammoth steppe was a periglacial landscape with rich herb and grass vegetation that disappeared along with the mammoth because of environmental changes in the climate. Mammoths had moved to isolated spots in Eurasia, where they disappeared completely. Also, it is thought that Late Paleolithic and Mesolithic human hunters might have affected the size of the last mammoth populations in Europe. There is evidence to suggest that humans did cause the mammoth extinction, although there is no definitive proof. It was found that humans living south of a mammoth steppe learned to adapt themselves to the harsher climates north of the steppe, where mammoths resided. It was concluded that if humans could survive the harsh north climate of that particular mammoth steppe then it was possible humans could hunt (and eventually extinguish) mammoths everywhere. Another hypothesis suggests mammoths fell victim to an infectious disease.
A combination of climate change and hunting by humans may be a possible explanation for their extinction. Homo erectus is known to have consumed mammoth meat as early as 1.8 million years ago, though this may mean only successful scavenging, rather than actual hunting. Later humans show greater evidence for hunting mammoths; mammoth bones at a 50,000-year-old site in South Britain suggest that Neanderthals butchered the animals, while various sites in Eastern Europe dating from 15,000 to 44,000 years old suggest humans (probably Homo sapiens) built dwellings using mammoth bones (the age of some of the earlier structures suggests that Neanderthals began the practice). However, the American Institute of Biological Sciences notes that bones of dead elephants, left on the ground and subsequently trampled by other elephants, tend to bear marks resembling butchery marks, which have allegedly been misinterpreted as such by archaeologists.

In 2021, a study using ancient environmental DNA concluded that the extinction of the mammoth was primarily caused by dramatic vegetation changes at the end of the Last Glacial Maximum, due to a changed climate and precipitation regime. During the Last Glacial Maximum, the Arctic would have had a homogeneous flora consisting of mammoth steppe-associated plants, supporting a unique community of grazing mammals, including the mammoth. Increased precipitation following the end of the LGM caused a significant paludification of the steppe, which has been linked to a general decrease in species diversity of the region's former inhabitants, and not just mammoths. In addition, the study found mammoths to have persisted on the mainland for far longer than previously thought, with their shrinking distribution roughly tracking the shrinkage of the mammoth steppe; their final mainland refugium, the Taymyr Peninsula, was roughly concurrent with the Wrangel population. The close relationship between decreasing mammoth populations and steppe, as well as the lack of a sudden decline that would be associated with the human overkill hypothesis, indicates that humans and mammoths may have coexisted for millennia, and thus humans may have only played a minor role in the species' extinction.

Many hypotheses also seek to explain the regional extinction of mammoths in specific areas. Scientists have speculated that the mammoths of Saint Paul Island (Alaska), an isolated enclave where mammoths survived until about 8,000 years ago, died out as the island shrank by 80–90% when sea levels rose, eventually making it too small to support a viable population. Similarly, genome sequences of the Wrangel Island mammoths indicate a sharp decline in genetic diversity, though the extent to which this played a role in their extinction is still unclear. Another hypothesis, said to be the cause of mammoth extinction in Siberia, comes from the idea that many may have drowned. While traveling to the Northern River, many of these mammoths broke through the ice and drowned. This also explains bones remains in the Arctic Coast and some of the New Siberian Islands.

Dwarfing occurred with the pygmy mammoth on the outer Channel Islands of California, but at an earlier period. Those animals were very likely killed by early Paleo-Native Americans, and habitat loss caused by a rising sea level that split Santa Rosae into the outer Channel Islands.

Mammoth-elephant hybrid

One proposed scientific use of this preserved genetic material is to recreate living mammoths. This has long been discussed theoretically but has only recently become the subject of formal effort due to advances in molecular biology techniques and cloning of mammals.

According to one research team, a mammoth cannot be recreated, but they will try to eventually grow in an "artificial womb" a hybrid elephant with some woolly mammoth traits. Comparative genomics shows that the mammoth genome matches 99% of the elephant genome, so some researchers aim to engineer an elephant with some mammoth genes that code for the external appearance and traits of a mammoth. The outcome would be an elephant-mammoth hybrid with no more than 1% mammoth genes. Other projects are working on gradually adding mammoth genes to elephant cells in vitro.

See also

 Genesis 2.0, a documentary
 Ivory trade
 La Brea tar pits
 List of mammoths
 The Mammoth Site in Hot Springs, South Dakota
 Niederweningen Mammoth Museum
 Pleistocene Park
 Waco Mammoth National Monument

References

Further reading

Cenozoic mammals of Africa
Cenozoic mammals of Asia
Cenozoic mammals of Europe
Cenozoic mammals of North America
Holocene extinctions
Pleistocene proboscideans
Prehistoric elephants
Taxa named by Joshua Brookes
Zanclean first appearances

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


ሕዝባዊው እንቅስቃሴ የህወሓት አፈና፣ ጥርነፋ አልበግረው ብሎ እዚህ ደርሷል። ከዚህ በፊት እንደዘገብነው የህወሓት የገጠር መዋቅር ፈርሷል፤ ትውልድ አምጿል፤ በቃኝ ብሏል። ከዚህ በኋላ በድጋሚ የሚወጣ የአስቸኳይ ጊዜ አዋጅ አይሠራም። በጥልቅ መታደስ ያመጣው "ውጤት" በጥልቀት መበስበስ ነው። ከዚህ በኋላ ኃይለማርያም ከሌለው ሥልጣን ቢወርድ፣ "ፓርላማ"ው ቢበተን የሚያመጣው ፋይዳ የለም። ስለዚህ ሚዲያው ከክሊክ ተኮርነት ወጣ ብሎ ከስሜትና ከምናባዊ አስተሳሰቡ ነቅቶ አጀንዳ የማስያዝ ሥራ ላይ ቢጠመድ ለአገር የሚበጅ ይመስለናል። ሕዝብ በቃኝ ብሏል፤ ትውልድ አምጿል!
This is simplistic analysis. If Hailemariam is removed, there is a chance for people from the OPDO or ANDM to come to premiership and this is a positive step. Hailemariam staying in power and not doing his job by itself is bad. He will be considered as a willing collaborator and that allows TPLF to do things the way they want. So removing him is a big step forward. Likewise the parliament has a lot of power. What is left is courage. The continued protest by the Ethiopian people is a big energy for parliament to do its job. Again it is flimsy reasoning to suggest that parliament cannot do anything positive. Let us not get confused and confuse the public. This is not a worthy article.
This comment of yours doesn't seem a genuine and honest by its very "camouflaging" nature. You know, I can guess who you wanted to pretend to look like; at the same time, I do not want to speculate who you could be or any other with out having any proof. What you are missing here, my friend, is that it is NOT whether what you and me are commenting and suggesting here; its what we the 100 million Ethiopians who are experiencing the day to day death, suffering, hunger, hopelessness that matters most. Are you not seeing that people are still, as we speak, revolting? There is a limit to any kind of suffering that a human being can shoulder. Be fair and try to remotely feel the pain of the Ethiopian people!


Started by muluneh Atinaf Dec 31, 2011.
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