text:
Q: How to unit test an Express Controller with Jest I have been getting terribly confused with how to test my controller functions. I realize that I have to mock my dependencies, request, response, and the controller functions. Here's what I have so far:
OrdersController.js
  const OrderService = require('../services/orderServices')

  module.exports = class OrdersController {
    static async apiGetOrders(req, res, next) {
    try {
      const orders = await OrderService.getOrders()
        return res.status(200).json(orders)
    } catch (error) {
        return res.status(500).json({ error: 'Unable to get orders' }) // 500, Internal Service Error, generic
    }
  }

  static async apiPostOrder(req, res, next) {
    // All good, create an orderDocument
    try {
      const orderDocument = {
        _id: null, // undefined at this point Mongo creates this _id for us
        orderId: req.body.orderId,
        cookies: req.body.cookies,
        daySelected: req.body.daySelected,
        timeSelected: req.body.timeSelected,
        userInfo: req.body.userInfo,
        createdAt: new Date(),
      }
      await OrderService.addOrder(orderDocument)
        return res.status(201).send('success') // status OK, something was Created
    } catch (error) {
        return res.status(500).json({ error }) // 500, Internal Server Error
    }
  }

OrdersController.spec.js
import OrderService from '../services/orderServices'
import { mockOrder, mockOrders } from '../mocks/fixtures'
import OrdersController from '../controllers/ordersController'
jest.mock('../controllers/ordersController.js')

const mockRequest = () => {
  return {}
}
const mockResponse = (mockOrders) => {
  const res = {};
  res.status = jest.fn().mockReturnValue(200);
  res.json = jest.fn().mockReturnValue(mockOrders);
  return res;
}

// #3 Test the OrdersControllers
// mock dependencies: req, res, and spyOn the controller functions

describe('Orders Controller', () => {
  test('[Positive], should call OrderService.getOrders and receive status 200', async () => {
    jest.spyOn(OrdersController, 'apiGetOrders')
    const req = mockRequest()
    const res = mockResponse(mockOrders)
    await OrdersController.apiGetOrders(req, res)
    expect(res.status).toHaveBeenCalledWith(200)
    expect(res.json()).toEqual(mockOrders)
  })
  test('[Negative], error yields status 500', async () => {
    jest.spyOn(OrdersController, 'apiGetOrders')
    const req = mockRequest()
    const res = mockResponse({status: 500, error: 'Unable to get orders'})
    await OrdersController.apiGetOrders(req, res)
    expect(res.status).toHaveBeenCalledWith(500)
    expect(res.json()).toEqual(error)
  })
})

I'm trying to test the happy path and the negative path on the get request. I followed this expample, https://codewithhugo.com/express-request-response-mocking/, and read all of the jest docs, https://jestjs.io/docs/mock-functions. The error that I receive is:

Questions:

*

*Am I actually writing the tests correctly?

*Am I also supposed to mock the OrderService?

*Should I use Sinon or is Jest more than sufficient?

A: I am also new to Jest and am struggling with finding documentation that goes to enough detail to suggest to me what I'm doing wrong. But in your case, I think you might be spying on the wrong thing. The OrdersController is the subject of the test, so I don't believe that you should be mocking that. Rather you should spy on OrdersController's dependency, Orderservice and mock its methods.
Also, its not clear to me why you have next in
static async apiGetOrders(req, res, next)

You don't seem to use it in the body of the method anywhere, so hanging any testing off that value, probably won't work either.


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Every year since 2006 the Skyline Construction DreamWeavers gear up to participate in the Ride to Defeat ALS and unite because of one man, Steve Weaver. The story of his battle with ALS inspires us to help fight to defeat this deadly disease. Each DreamWeaver rides for Steve, whether we knew him or not.


text:
With Automatic Release For Misdemeanor Cases, Travis County Takes A Step Toward Bail Reform
KUT 90.5 | By Andrew Weber
Published February 7, 2020 at 6:40 PM CST
Gabriel C. Pérez
People arrested for misdemeanors in Travis County will no longer have to pay cash to be released from jail, under an order released Thursday by county judges.
The move could effectively eliminate cash-based bail for misdemeanors in the county, though criminal justice advocates worry it's a half-measure – and that defendants could still be held in jail before a trial.
"In the interest of justice and fairness for all persons accused of misdemeanor crimes, the Travis County Court at Law Judges ... have determined that all persons arrested for misdemeanor crimes should be released on personal bonds," the order reads.
The order from the judges, who preside over class A and B misdemeanor cases, doesn't apply to some offenses, including cases of assault, violations of protective orders, repeat DWI offenses and instances in which a defendant is currently on probation or parole.
The move was sparked by Harris County's yearslong row over bail reform – one that culminated in a federal consent decree requiring the release of all people accused of misdemeanors in the county on the condition that they show up to court within a week. U.S. District Judge Lee H. Rosenthal formally OK'd the settlement in November, saying it would prevent Harris County from "systematically depriving indigent misdemeanor defendants of their constitutionally-protected rights."
Judges and advocates in Travis County have been in negotiations to rethink the county's bail system since October, but the order seemed to stun those working toward reforming the bail system to reduce jail stays for low-income defendants who, more often than not, are people of color.
The order also came on the eve of a planned meeting Friday between Travis County stakeholders and former Harris County judges and criminal justice advocates who helped shepherd Houston's reforms.
Alec Karakatsanis of Civil Rights Corps and former Harris County Judge Mike Fields, who attended the meeting, applauded the effort. But they and criminal justice advocates aregued the framework puts too much power in the hands of court staff who can use their own discretion to decide whether a defendant is "an eminent danger" and determine whether they are indigent.
"There is an element of the new rule ... that's very dangerous in our opinion – and also very inefficient and costly – and that is that these people are not getting prompt, efficient, automatic release prior to seeing a magistrate," said Karakatsanis, who spearheaded the class-action lawsuit against Houston's cash-bail system. "If pretrial services determines that you're in this vague category of someone who's dangerous, you're not released automatically."
In a back-and-forth with Karakatsanis, Travis County Attorney David Escamilla, whose office handles misdemeanor cases, defended the county's current system, saying those who aren't automatically released will still be able to get a personal bond.
"We already have a personal bond process, and 71% of misdemeanors are getting through with personal bonds," Escamilla said. "What this order does is puts an expressway on top of it."
Fields, a former GOP judge, was ousted in 2018 during a wave of Democratic judge elections in Houston. He said it took a "monumental mental shift" for him to support the bail reform efforts, but he ultimately came around, adding that he was surprised Travis County moved to reform so quickly and quietly.
"It is amazing to me, and I'm not just blowing smoke at you – because I don't work up here. What you guys did is incredible. You got it without someone forcing it down your throats," he said. "It took an election that kicked us all off the bench and a federal judge for us to get it. So now, it's really just working out the details."
Amanda Woog, executive director of the Texas Fair Defense Project, said after that meeting that, while initially surprised by the order, she believes the county's working group will clarify some of the language that could ultimately come in the form of another judicial order.
"There is confusion around what the standing order means and we heard a commitment from the judges to work with us for clarity and to improve processes," she said.
Got a tip? Email Andrew Weber at aweber@kut.org. Follow him on Twitter @England_Weber.
If you found the reporting above valuable, please consider making a donation to support it. Your gift pays for everything you find on KUT.org. Thanks for donating today.
Crime & JusticeTravis County CourtsCriminal JusticeBail ReformRecommended
Andrew Weber
Andrew Weber is a general assignment reporter for KUT, focusing on criminal justice, policing, courts and homelessness in Austin and Travis County. Got a tip? You can email him at aweber@kut.org. Follow him on Twitter @England_Weber.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


This hearty wilted dandelion salad recipe is great year round, but especially so in the spring or fall when dandelions are naturally in season. The nutritious dandelion salad features lightly caramelized golden beets, crimini mushrooms, sweet peppers and the ancient grain Kamut (though other wheat berry strains can be substituted). Great as a vegan entree salad or a side for grilled and smoked meats.
There are many nutritional health benefits to eating this dandelion salad. Let's look at a few of the ingredients used in the recipe.
Like most bitter greens dandelions are helpful in liver cleansing. The greens are also an excellent diuretic, helping to flush out those toxins from liver, kidneys and elsewhere in the body. Dandelion aids in digestion, and is purported to help blood pressure too. As far as dandelion nutrition benefits, the greens are loaded with Vitamin A, are a great source of Vitamin C, calcium, iron and fiber and also provide Vitamin B-6 and magnesium.
Golden beets are good source of calcium, vitamin C, vitamin A, beta-carotene & potassium. They are low in calories and provide ample fiber, making them a great choice for those hoping to lose weight. There is also some evidence that the phyto-nutrients in golden beets improve heart health.
This ancient wheat is higher in protein than it's modern counterparts making it a terrific addition to vegetarian meals. If gluten is a concern, Kamut is naturally lower in gluten and many who can't eat other wheat strains can eat it without issue. A serving of Kamut provides slightly over a full the full recommended daily allowance of manganese, which is essential for bone health. The nutrient is especially important for older women. The grain is also an excellent source of phosphorus, niacin, thiamin, magnesium, copper, iron and zinc. Kamut packs an amazing 7 grams of fiber per serving too.
Can I Eat Dandelion Greens from my Yard?
If you don't use pesticides or other questionable lawn products in your yard…. and Fido isn't dropping bombs out there there is no reason not to harvest dandelion green from your own yard. Keep in mind you want to harvest the dandelion greens relatively young and your yard will have to be large and weedy enough to provide ample greens.
I'm not going to kid you, this dandelion salad recipe, though easy, does take a block of time (especially if you don't have Kamut pre-boiled). I think it is worth the little extra effort though and the abounding nutrition of this salad along with the fact it can last several days in the refrigerator are huge pluses.
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This nutritious wilted dandelion salad recipe features golden beets, mushrooms, kamut and sweet peppers. Dandelion greens, as well as the other ingredients used in this salad have many health benefits.
Place the golden beets in a skillet with oil over med-high heat. Saute until just starting to soften. Reduce heat to medium, then add the garlic and salt. Saute another 2-3 minutes. Remove from burner and set aside.
Mix dressing ingredients together well, making sure the honey is fully dissolved.
Place the chopped dandelion greens in a large bowl, toss with the dressing.
Add the sweet peppers, crimini mushrooms, kamut and golden beets, tossing well to coat everything. Allow to wilt for at least a half hour, tossing occasionally.
Serve as an entree salad, or along with grilled meats. Leftovers in refrigerator are good for several days.
Whole 30 Meal Ideas to Rock the Whole 30 Diet Plan!


Jerry is responsible for Construction and Renovation;Plant Operations and Maintenance; Security and Safety; Food and Nutrition; Environmental Services; Grounds; and Real Estate/Property Management.
Jerry and his team facilitate all construction-related activities, including equipment installations (imaging, diagnostic/treatment and infrastructure). The departments within his division support the daily operation of the hospital including repairs, and maintenance, cleaning, food services, security and safety, and tenant needs.


text:
STC Sets New Condition for Accepting Plans to Disband Its Militias
On Oct 30, 2022 133
The UAE-backed Southern Transitional Council (STC) on Saturday set a new condition for accepting the plans to disband its militias, YPA reported.
Media, quoting sources in the STC, reported that STC's president, Aidarous Al-Zubaidi, informed the Emiratis of his adherence to the overthrow of the Minister of Interior in the government loyal to Saudi-led coalition, Ibrahim Haidan, provided that Shallal Shaye, the former director of Aden security, be named the minister of interior.
Al-Zubaidi's condition coincided with Saudi pressure to dismantle his militias by distributing them to the Ministries of Defense and Interior.
This refers to the STC's efforts to limit Tariq Affash's incursion into his stronghold, especially since Tariq is the most prominent claimant of the Interior Ministry, and his brother Ammar was previously named.
Foreign Oil Companies Intend to Leave Shabwa
Sana'a: Coalition Has Two Options, Either Truce and Salaries, or Missiles and Drones


Haigazian: Dr Al Akl Khoury on "Kerala: Venice of India, Land of..."
Armenian-Georgian Trade Turnover Grows 3.8% In Jan/Oct 2008 To $106.
Turkey Plans Yerevan-Istanbul Direct Flights?
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"Conflicts Should Not Be Passed On To The Generations"
"China's Number Of Divers Equals Armenia's Population"
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Another Crossroad Opened Saying Goodbye To Traffick Jams?


Gutter Replacement Sydney: Why are gutters important?
Every homeowner should understand that a guttering system is an essential component in protecting the exterior area around your house from water damage. This is why choosing the appropriate gutter replacement Sydney services is so important. Gutters carry water away from your roof and from your foundation when a system is properly installed. Reading these factors for choosing gutters will help you make an informed decision.
Half-round – This type of guttering is popular among Sydney residents. It is a recommended type where leaves and debris are likely to build up within a guttering system. Half-round type guttering has a C-shaped design that prevents leaves and other forms of debris from accruing.
Smooth line – Smooth line gutters feature a flat mounting surface, but look much like the half-round type from the front side. It is designed for the same use as half-round.
Quad – Quad guttering is also referred to as "D" guttering. It is the most used type of guttering on Sydney homes and buildings. The low-profile design is ideal for smaller buildings, while the high-front design is used for large structures where excessive of water accumulation needs to be captured and diverted.
M-type – The M-type guttering system is a variation of the quad (D-type) guttering. It has been designed where heavy rainfall frequently occurs. Its primary functional feature is its overflow slots.
These are the primary types of guttering for local gutter replacement Sydney has to offer.
Bamboo and timber materials are still used in the construction of guttering, but the following represents the most common materials used for modern gutter replacement Sydney services.
Aluminium – The most popular type of guttering material, aluminium is produced in a variety of colours in the form of powder coatings. Homeowners like the idea of being able to matching their aluminium roofing with their guttering system, and this makes that possible.
Vinyl – Vinyl is the least expensive of guttering materials and commonly comes in easy-to-assemble kits for the avid DIY (do-it-yourself) homeowner.
Galvanised steel – Gutters made from galvanised steel are best installed by professionals. This material is not for the DIY homeowner. This guttering material has been popular for many years and was once the primary material used for the original mass-produced gutters.
Stainless steel – Stainless steel guttering is considered the most expensive type, but it is known to almost last forever. It must be installed by professionals.
Boxed guttering – Unlike what the name may imply, boxed gutters are also referred to as concealed gutters. You cannot see them from the outside of a structure. They are designed to carry off large amounts of water. This guttering style is commonly used for industrial buildings, but they may be used in a residential setting where they may be necessary.
Fascia guttering – Fascia gutters are decorative in nature and are easily seen from the outside of a building. They are designed to enhance the appearance of your home.
These are the commonly used styles, but there are also variations suited to various areas. Regardless of the guttering material, type, and style you choose for your home, finding recommended gutter replacement Sydney tradies is essential to ensuring your guttering system functions as it should. The first step is to get a quote from a local service provider who installs gutters.
If you want to find a gutter replacement in Sydney, why not let our Free Tradebusters Tradesmen Concierge assist you. Our team will speak to you directly about your needs and help arrange the best fit gutter replacement for your project from our tried and tested network. You can tell us about your gutter replacement needs right here and we will contact you back shortly.


The Financial Services Compensation Scheme (FSCS) has also announced the credit union in default, which means that savers are entitled to get their deposits back.
Dina Devalia of PKF Geoffrey Martin & Co said: "All of North East Scotland Credit Union's savers will have their balances returned by the FSCS.
"They do not need to do anything to get their money back. Anyone with a deposit with the organisation will receive a letter by post from the FSCS in the next few days.
If savers have any questions about the process, they should contact the Joint Administrators on [email protected] or 020 7516 2420.


Video game company's iconic logo serves as motif for new treat from maker of edible Magikarp Pokémon.
If you dare to litter in Tokyo, you'd better watch out, because there's a team of fearsome samurai warriors ready to admonish you.
Food, art, and exclusive merch are part of love letter to one of the most popular anime of all time, and totally worth a six-hour wait for a table.


text:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel.Composition;
using System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using PHPAnalysis.Analysis.PHPDefinitions;
using PHPAnalysis.Annotations;

namespace PHPAnalysis.Analysis
{
    [Export(typeof(IVulnerabilityReporter))]
    public sealed class ConsoleVulnerabilityReporter : IVulnerabilityReporter
    {
        private readonly FunctionsHandler _funcHandler;

        [ImportingConstructor]
        public ConsoleVulnerabilityReporter(FunctionsHandler fh)
        {
            this._funcHandler = fh;
        }

        public void ReportVulnerability(IVulnerabilityInfo vulnerabilityInfo)
        {
            Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Red;
            Console.WriteLine();
            Console.WriteLine("--------------------");
            Console.WriteLine(vulnerabilityInfo.Message);
            Console.WriteLine("Include sequence: " + GetIncludeSequenceString(vulnerabilityInfo));
            if (vulnerabilityInfo.CallStack.Any())
            {
                PrintCallStackAndFile(vulnerabilityInfo.CallStack.Peek().Name);
            }
            Console.WriteLine("--------------------");
            Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Gray;
        }

        public void ReportStoredVulnerability(IVulnerabilityInfo[] vulnerabilityPathInfos)
        {
            Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Red;
            Console.WriteLine();
            Console.WriteLine("--------------------");

            foreach (IVulnerabilityInfo vulnInfo in vulnerabilityPathInfos)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(vulnInfo.Message);
                Console.WriteLine("Include sequence: " + GetIncludeSequenceString(vulnInfo));
                if (vulnInfo.CallStack.Any())
                {
                    PrintCallStackAndFile(vulnInfo.CallStack.Peek().Name);
                }
            }

            Console.WriteLine("--------------------");
            Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Gray;
        }

        public void RegisterFunctionsHandler(FunctionsHandler functionsHandler)
        {
            // No need for a functionsHandler here
        }

        public void PrintCallStackAndFile(string funcName)
        {
            var funcList = _funcHandler.LookupFunction(funcName);
            if (!funcList.Any())
            {
                Console.WriteLine("In function/method: " + funcName);
            }
            else
            {
                if (funcList.Count == 1)
                {
                    var str = "In function/method: " + funcList.First().Name +
                          (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(funcList.First().File) ? "" : Environment.NewLine + "In file: " + funcList.First().File);
                    Console.WriteLine(str);
                }
                else
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("In function/method: " + funcList.First().Name + Environment.NewLine
                                        + "File candidates: " + Environment.NewLine
                                        + string.Join(Environment.NewLine, funcList.Select(x => x.File)));
                }
            }
        }

        public string GetIncludeSequenceString(IVulnerabilityInfo vulnInfo)
        {
            var builder = new StringBuilder();
            const string delimeter = " → ";

            for (int i = vulnInfo.IncludeStack.Count() - 1; i >= 0; i--)
            {
                builder.Append(vulnInfo.IncludeStack.ElementAt(i).Name);
                builder.Append(delimeter);
            }

            builder.Remove(builder.Length - delimeter.Length, delimeter.Length);
            return builder.ToString();
        }
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
package com.liferay.blade.cli.gradle;

/**
 * @author Christopher Bryan Boyd
 */
public class GradleExecutionException extends RuntimeException {

	public GradleExecutionException(String message, int returnCode) {
		super(message);

		_returnCode = returnCode;
	}

	public int getReturnCode() {
		return _returnCode;
	}

	private final int _returnCode;

}


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Hospital Sign 24 W x 24 H Sign is ideal for long-term outdoor use.. Message reads H in white on a dark blue background.Hospital sign is made of strong Engineer Grade reflective aluminum.
About The Hospital Sign 24 W x 24 H Sign is ideal for long-term outdoor use.. Message reads H in white on a dark blue background.Hospital sign is made of strong Engineer Grade reflective aluminum.
More from Hospital Sign 24 W X 24 H Sign Is Ideal For Long-term Outdoor Use.. Message Reads H In White On A Dark Blue Background.Hospital.


text:
Prof. Margaret Beale Spencer named the Charles F. Grey Distinguished Service Professor
The University's Board of Trustees confirmed Professor Margaret Beale Spencer as the Charles F. Grey Distinguished Service Professor in their recent December meeting. Professor Spencer is a leading scholar of diversity, resilience and human development. Throughout her career, she has developed critical insights regarding vulnerability, risk, and resilience as normatively experienced by diverse individuals, including those considered privileged. She developed the Phenomenological Variant of Ecological Systems Theory (P-VEST), a theoretical framework that incorporates identity, cultural, and ecological perspectives that has been accepted as a unifying theory from the American Psychological Association Task Force. In her most recent research, Spencer launched the Urban Resiliency Initiative, with research emphasizing educational contexts, interrogating neighborhood policing encounters, and seeking to diminish vulnerability and increased global resiliency. She has also begun an innovative collaborative project with data science colleagues on the development of AI methods for analyzing police broadcast communications.
Spencer's many scholarly awards include an honorary degree from Northwestern University and lifetime achievement awards from the American Psychological Association and the Society for Research in Child Development. She is an elected member of the National Academy of Education, and an elected Fellow of the American Psychological Association (in four separate divisions) and the American Association for the Advancement of Science. She was inducted into the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2019.
She earned her doctorate in Human Development at the University of Chicago and then began her faculty career at Emory University and the University of Pennsylvania, returning to the University of Chicago as the Marshall Field IV Professor of Urban Education in 2009. She is an important leader at UChicago, serving as chair of the Department of Comparative Human Development from 2015-2018 and as a leading senior colleague in the Center for the Study of Race, Politics and Culture. Recognizing her many contributions to fostering and supporting diversity at the University, she received the University's Diversity Leadership Faculty Award in 2017.


The item A new era in U.S. health care : critical next steps under the Affordable Care Act, Stephen M. Davidson represents a specific, individual, material embodiment of a distinct intellectual or artistic creation found in Biddle Law Library.
Was the Affordable Care Act a good idea? : should we try for something better?


text:
The Matriarch
2019-05-18T16:18:34-04:00https://images.c-span.org/Files/eec/20190518162416002_hd.jpgUSA Today Washington Bureau chief Susan Page talked about her book on the life of first lady Barbara Bush, The Matriarch: Barbara Bush and the Making of an American Dynasty. This event was part of the 2019 Gaithersburg Book Festival in Maryland.
USA Today Washington Bureau chief Susan Page talked about her book on the life of first lady Barbara Bush, The Matriarch: Barbara Bush and… read more
USA Today Washington Bureau chief Susan Page talked about her book on the life of first lady Barbara Bush, The Matriarch: Barbara Bush and the Making of an American Dynasty. This event was part of the 2019 Gaithersburg Book Festival in Maryland. close
Filter by Speaker All Speakers Lee Horwich Tom Lonergan Susan Page
Lee Horwich Senior Assignment Editor USA Today->Washington, D.C.
Tom Lonergan Assistant City Manager Gaithersburg, MD
Susan Page Author
Gaithersburg Book FestivalGaithersburg Book Festival
2019 Gaithersburg Book Festival
A Forever Family
Nuking the Moon
The Master Plan
We Matter
Ladysitting
What Doesn't Kill You Makes You Blacker
Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States
Jul 05, 2019 | 1:46pm EDT | C-SPAN 2
Jun 22, 2019 | 10:40am EDT | C-SPAN 2
See all on Festival Bush, George H. W. Family of President First Ladies
Q&A with Susan Page
Susan Page talked about her book, The Matriarch: Barbara Bush and the Making of an American Dynasty.
Susan Page on the Death of George H.W. Bush
USA Today's Susan Page discussed the life and legacy of former President George H.W. Bush. Mr. Bush died on Friday,…
Telephone lines and social media were open for viewer comments on former first lady Barbara Bush, who died the previous day…
Weekly Presidential Address
In his weekly address, President Obama paid a tribute to former first lady Nancy Reagan by discussing her legacy,…


text:
in: Pages needing enhanced family history perspective, Counties of New York (state), Ulster County, New York,
Counties in the New York metropolitan area
1683 establishments in New York
Ulster County, New York
Ulster County, New York view Community messages
Articles, images
Archeology • Farms • Landmarks • Migrations and settlements • Photo gallery • Prehistory • Timeline
Births • Deaths • Baptisms • Marriages • Divorces • Burials • Families • Residents
Before 1700 • 1700-1749 • 1750-1799 • 1800-1819 • 1820-1839 • 1840-1859 • 1860-1879 •
1880-1899 • 1900-1919 • 1920-1939 • 1940-1959 • 1960-1979 • 1980-1999 • 2000-present
including queries
Ulster County, New York links • Birth records • Businesses • Cemeteries • Census data • Census records •
Church records • Court records • Death records • Directories • Landowner records •
Marriage records • Maps • Military records • Obituaries • Probate records • Queries
This article is based on the corresponding article in another wiki. For Familypedia purposes, it requires significantly more historical detail on phases of this location's development. The ideal article for a place will give the reader a feel for what it was like to live at that location at the time their relatives were alive there. Also desirable are links to organizations that may be repositories of genealogical information..
Please help to improve this page yourself if you can.
Ulster is also one of the four provinces of Ireland, as well as Other places.
The Lake Mohonk Mountain House on Shawangunk Ridge
Location in the state of New York (state)
New York's location in the U.S.
Named for Ulster
Largest city
- Land
1,161 sq mi (3,007 km²)
37 sq mi (96 km²), 3.1
- (2020)
- Density
161.8/sq mi (62/km²)
Eastern: UTC-5/-4
Website www.co.ulster.ny.us
Ulster County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 181,851.[1] The county seat is Kingston.[2] The county is named after the Irish province of Ulster.
1.1 Founding and formation
1.2 Civil War
1.3 Twentieth century
2.1 Adjacent counties
2.2 National protected area
4 Government and politics
5 Recreation
7.1 City
7.2 Towns
7.3 Villages
7.4 Census-designated places
7.5 Hamlets
10 Bibliography
Ulster County in 1875
Founding and formation[]
When part of the New Netherland colony, Dutch traders first called the area of present-day Ulster County "Esopus", a name borrowed for convenience from a locality on the opposite side of the Hudson. The local Lenape indigenous people called themselves Waranawanka, but soon came to be known to the Dutch as the "Esopus Indians" because they were encountered around the settlement known as Esopus. In 1652, Thomas Chambers, a freeholder from the Manor of Rensselaerswyck, purchased land at Esopus. He and several others actually settled and began farming by June, 1653. The settlements grew into the village of Wiltwijck, which the English later named Kingston. In 1683, the Duke of York created 12 counties in his province, one of which was Ulster County, named for Ulster, the northern part of Ireland, which had only recently been brought under English rule following a series of wars and rebellions, and then the Plantation of Ulster. Its boundaries at that time included the present Sullivan County and parts of the present Delaware, Orange, and Greene Counties.
In 1777, the first state capital of the independent New York State was established at Kingston. The official records of Ulster County were removed to safety to a stone house in Kerhonkson when it became evident that the British would burn Kingston.
In 1797, parts of Otsego and Ulster Counties were split off to create Delaware County.
In 1798, Ulster County's southernmost towns were moved into Orange County to compensate Orange for breaking away its southernmost part to form Rockland County.
In 1800, portions of Albany and Ulster Counties were split off to create Greene County.
In 1809, Sullivan County was split off from Ulster County.
Civil War[]
During the American Civil War, volunteers were recruited from the county and formed the majority of the following regiments:
80th New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment
120th New York Volunteer Infantry
Other regiments with at least one company from the county included:
1st Battalion New York Volunteer Sharpshooters
1st New York Volunteer Engineer Regiment
7th Regiment New York Volunteer Cavalry
7th New York Veteran Infantry Regiment
15th Regiment New York Volunteer Cavalry
56th New York Volunteer Infantry
71st New York Infantry
102nd New York Volunteer Infantry
132nd New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment
178th New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment
Twentieth century[]
The Lake Mohonk Mountain House on Shawangunk Ridge was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1986.[3]
Geography[]
Lake Minnewaska
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 1,161 square miles (3,010 km2), of which 1,124 square miles (2,910 km2) is land and 37 square miles (96 km2) (3.1%) is water.[4]
Ulster County is in southeastern New York State, south of Albany, immediately west of the Hudson River. Much of it is within the Catskill Mountains and the Shawangunk Ridge. Ulster County has Minnewaska State Park Preserve, Mohonk Preserve, Sundown State Park, VerNooykill State Forest, Witches Hole State Forest, and Shawangunk Ridge State Forest. The Sam's Point section of Minnewaska includes rare dwarf pine trees and Verkeerder Kill falls.
The county's highest point is Slide Mountain, at approximately 4,180 feet (1,270 m) above sea level. The lowest point is sea level along the Hudson River.
Adjacent counties[]
Greene County — north
Columbia County — northeast
Dutchess County — southeast
Orange County — south
Sullivan County — southwest
Delaware County — northwest
National protected area[]
Shawangunk Grasslands National Wildlife Refuge
Demographics[]
Pop. %±
1790 29,370 —
1800 24,855 −15.4%
1960 118,804 28.3%
1990 165,304 4.5%
U.S. Decennial Census[5]
1790-1960[6] 1900-1990[7]
As of the census[9] of 2010, the county had 181,440 people, 67,499 households, and 43,536 families. The population density was 158 people per square mile (61/km2). There were 77,656 housing units at an average density of 69 per square mile (27/km2). The county's racial makeup, as of 2008, was 83.2% white, 6.50% black or African American, 0.3% Native American, 1.7% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 2.15% from other races, and 1.70% from two or more races. 7.6% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 19.2% were of Italian, 16.8% Irish, 15.5% German, 6.8% English, and 4.7% American ancestry according to Census 2000. 90.3% spoke English, 4.5% Spanish, 1.2% Italian, and 1.0% German as their first language.
There were 67,499 households, of which 30.70% had children under age 18 living with them, 49.20% were married couples living together, 10.90% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.50% were non-families. Of all households, 27.90% were made up of individuals, and 10.20% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.47 and the average family size was 3.03.
23.50% of the county's population was under age 18, 8.70% was from age 18 to 24, 29.70% was from age 25 to 44, 24.70% was from age 45 to 64, and 13.30% was age 65 or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.10 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.60 males.
The county's median household income was $42,551, and the median family income was $51,708. Males had a median income of $36,808 versus $27,086 for females. The per capita income for the county was $20,846. About 7.20% of families and 11.40% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.00% of those under age 18 and 8.70% of those age 65 or over.
Government and politics[]
United States presidential election results for Ulster County, New York[10]
2020 37,590 38.59% 57,970 59.51% 1,860 1.91%
1996 26,212 35.49% 35,852 48.55% 11,787 15.96%
1988 41,173 56.75% 30,744 42.37% 640 0.88%
1980 36,709 55.01% 22,179 33.24% 7,838 11.75%
1964 23,749 40.03% 35,486 59.82% 91 0.15%
1956 43,034 76.36% 13,321 23.64% 0 0.00%
1924 20,048 63.32% 9,361 29.57% 2,251 7.11%
1920 19,001 66.41% 8,759 30.61% 852 2.98%
1912 7,485 38.33% 8,510 43.58% 3,531 18.08%
1892 9,450 46.29% 9,808 48.04% 1,157 5.67%
1884 9,929 48.71% 9,870 48.42% 586 2.87%
In recent history, Ulster County has voted Democratic. In 2004, John Kerry defeated George W. Bush by 54–43%; in 2008, Barack Obama defeated John McCain by 61–38%; in 2012, Obama defeated Mitt Romney by 60–37%; and in 2016, Hillary Clinton defeated Donald Trump by 52-41%. The county is in New York's 19th congressional district, represented by Democrat Antonio Delgado.
Ulster long had a county-scale version of a council-manager government, with the county legislature hiring a county administrator to handle executive functions. The chair of the legislature had a great deal of power and was accountable only to the voters of his own district. The only countywide elected officials were the county clerk (Nina Postupack has served since 2006), district attorney (Dave Clegg took office in 2020) and sheriff (Juan Figueroa took office in 2019).
In 2006, voters approved the first-ever county charter, changing to an elected executive branch. Two years later, Michael P. Hein, the last appointed county administrator, became Ulster's first elected county executive.[11] In early 2019, Hein resigned to accept Governor Andrew Cuomo's appointment as commissioner of the state Office of Temporary and Disability Assistance.[12] Deputy County Executive Adele Reiter succeeded him as acting county executive until a special election was held in April 2019.
On April 30, 2019, Democrat Patrick K. Ryan was elected in a special election by a margin of 74%-26%.[13] He was sworn in as Ulster County's second County Executive on June 7, 2019.[14]
Ulster County Executives
Michael P. Hein Democratic January 1, 2009 – February 11, 2019
Adele Reiter Democratic February 11, 2019 – June 7, 2019 (Acting)
Patrick K. Ryan Democratic June 7, 2019 – present
Legislative authority is vested in the County Legislature, which consists of 23 members elected from individual districts, as directed by a county charter reapportionment mandate starting in late 2010.[15] Of the members of the County Legislature, 12 are part of the Democratic Caucus (11 affiliated with the Democratic Party and 1 unaffiliated), and 11 are part of the Republican Caucus (8 affiliated with the Republican Party, 1 affiliated with the Conservative Party, 1 affiliated with the Independence Party, and 1 affiliated with the Democratic Party).
2020-2021 Ulster County Legislature
1 Mary Wawro Conservative Republican Saugerties
2 Al Bruno Republican Republican Saugerties
3 Dean Fabiano Republican Republican Glasco
4 Brian Cahill Democratic Democratic Ulster
5 Abe Uchitelle, Majority Whip Democratic Democratic Kingston
6 David Donaldson, Chairman Democratic Democratic Kingston
7 Peter Criswell Democratic Democratic Kingston
8 Laura Petit Democratic Democratic Esopus
9 Herbert Litts III Republican Republican Highland
10 Mary Beth Maio Republican Republican Highland
11 Thomas Corcoran, Jr. Republican Republican Marlborough
12 Kevin Roberts Republican Republican Plattekill
13 Kenneth Ronk Jr., Minority Leader Republican Republican Wallkill
14 Craig Lopez, Minority Whip Republican Republican Pine Bush
15 John Gavaris Democratic Democratic Ellenville
16 Tracey Bartels, Vice Chair Unaffiliated Democratic Gardiner
17 James Delaune Democratic Democratic New Paltz
18 Heidi Haynes Independence Republican Marbletown
19 Manna Jo Greene Democratic Democratic Cottekill
20 Eve Walter Democratic Democratic New Paltz
21 Lynn Archer Democratic Democratic Accord
22 John Parete Democratic Republican Boiceville
23 Jonathan Heppner, Majority Leader Democratic Democratic Woodstock
Recreation[]
Ashokan Reservoir from Wittenberg
A cow at the Ulster County Fair
Ulster County contains a large part of Catskill Park and the Catskill Forest Preserve. The former Delaware and Hudson Canal brought Pennsylvania coal to Kingston on the Hudson. Former Orleans band member John Hall served in the Ulster County legislature before moving to the 19th Congressional District to run for Congress.
Ulster County has continued to be a popular vacation destination for many decades. The County is home to many outdoor landscapes, including the Catskill Mountains, the Hudson River, Minnewaska State Park, Catskill Park, Shawangunk Mountains and the Shawangunk Ridge. Each offers various recreation opportunities, including hiking, bicycling, skiing, horseback riding, kayaking, rock climbing, hunting and fishing.
The County also includes more than Template:Convert/LoffADbSoff of rail trails along the Hudson Valley Rail Trail, Wallkill Valley Rail Trail, and O&W Rail Trail. The Walkway Over the Hudson, the world's longest pedestrian and bicycle bridge which spans the Hudson River, is connected within Ulster County trails.
Ulster County has also played a role in some significant moments in U.S. history. The Senate House State Historic Site in Kingston, New York is where, in early 1777, American colonists met to ratify the New York Constitution.
The Ulster County Fair has been held in New Paltz for many years and is promoted as "The Best Six Days of Summer". County run recreation areas include the Ulster County Pool in New Paltz and the Ulster Landing Park in Saugerties.
Since 2016, Kingston Stockade FC, a semi-professional soccer team that plays in the National Premier Soccer League (NPSL), has been based in Kingston and plays its home matches at Dietz Stadium.
Also since 2015, the Saugerties Stallions, a collegiate summer baseball league team that plays in the Perfect Game Collegiate Baseball League (PGCBL), have been based in Saugerties and play their home games at Cantine Field.
Transportation[]
The New York State Thruway Interstate 87 runs north–south through the county, carrying traffic to and from New York City and its surroundings.
Public transportation in Ulster County is provided by Trailways of New York to and from New York City and Albany, and along Routes 28 and 32, Ulster County Area Transit on major state and U.S. road corridors in the county, and by Kingston Citibus in Kingston.
Communities[]
See also: Timeline of town creation in the Hudson Valley
Template:Ulster County, New York Map
City[]
Kingston (county seat)
Towns[]
Hardenburgh
Marbletown
Villages[]
Census-designated places[]
East Kingston
Glasco
Malden-on-Hudson
Rifton
Saugerties South
Walker Valley
West Hurley
Hamlets[]
Big Indian
Brown's Station
Cottekill
Kaatsbaan
Krumville
Lew Beach
Mt. Tremper
Oliverea
Palentown
Samsonville
Seager
West Saugerties
West Shokan
List of counties in New York
National Register of Historic Places listings in Ulster County, New York
^ a b "U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: Ulster County, New York". United States Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/ulstercountynewyork/PST045221.
^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx.
^ "National Historic Landmarks Program – Lake Mohonk Mountain House". National Park Service. http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=1356&ResourceType=District.
^ "2010 Census Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. August 22, 2012. https://www.census.gov/geo/maps-data/data/docs/gazetteer/counties_list_36.txt.
^ "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html.
^ "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. http://mapserver.lib.virginia.edu.
^ "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/population/cencounts/ny190090.txt.
^ "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000". United States Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2000/briefs/phc-t4/tables/tab02.pdf.
^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. https://www.census.gov.
^ Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS.
^ Brooks, Paul (November 5, 2008). "Hein wins big as first Ulster County executive". Times-Herald Record (Ottaway Community Newspapers). http://www.recordonline.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20081105/NEWS/811050351.
^ Doxsey, Patricia (January 4, 2019). "Ulster County Executive Michael Hein leaving to take state post" (in en). https://www.dailyfreeman.com/news/local-news/ulster-county-executive-michael-hein-leaving-to-take-state-post/article_7e3831e4-1051-11e9-bee4-ff3fad068a1a.html.
^ Doxsey, Patricia (April 30, 2019). "Democrat Ryan coasts to victory in Ulster County executive special election" (in en). https://www.dailyfreeman.com/news/elections/democrat-ryan-coasts-to-victory-in-ulster-county-executive-special/article_5bd4ca8a-6bab-11e9-8ae5-4bc0ed634aac.html.
^ Doxsey, Patricia (June 7, 2019). "Ryan sworn in as Ulster County executive, promises to lead with 'bold vision'" (in en). https://www.dailyfreeman.com/news/local-news/ryan-sworn-in-as-ulster-county-executive-promises-to-lead/article_15025f0e-8957-11e9-b143-83f497e6867d.html.
^ Ulster reapportionment panel to revamp Legislature. DailyFreeman.com. Retrieved on August 9, 2013.
Bibliography[]
Clearwater, Alphonso T. (1907). A History of Ulster County, New York. Kingston, NY: W.J. Van Deusen.
Fried, Marc B. (1975). The Early History of Kingston & Ulster County, NY. Marbletown, NY: Ulster County Historical Society.
Sylvester, Nathaniel Bartlett (1880). History of Ulster County, New York, with Illustrations and Biographical Sketches of its Prominent Men and Pioneers: Part Second: History of the Towns of Ulster County. Philadelphia, PA: Everts & Peck. OCLC 2385957.
Ulster County Historians (1984). The History of Ulster County, With Emphasis upon the Last 100 Years, 1883–1983. Kingston, NY: Ulster County Historians. OCLC 11345209.
Van Buren, Augustus H. (1923). A History of Ulster County Under the Dominion of the Dutch. Kingston, NY. OCLC 1131828.
Zimm, Louise Hasbrouck (1946). Southeastern New York: A History of the Counties of Ulster, Dutchess, Orange, Rockland and Putnam. New York: Lewis Historical Publishing Co.
External links[]
Ulster County web site
Ulster County at Curlie
Ulster County Alive
Guide to the Ulster County Collection, 1666-1893
Delaware County Greene County Columbia County
Sullivan County Orange County Dutchess County
Municipalities and communities of Ulster County, New York, United States
County seat: Kingston
CDPs
Rosendale Hamlet
Katsbaan
Lew Beach‡
West Camp
‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties
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Albany (capital)
Allegheny Plateau
Central Region (formerly Central-Leatherstocking)
Champlain Valley
Holland Purchase
Mohawk Valley
Niagara Frontier
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Saint Lawrence Seaway
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Albany / Schenectady / Troy
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New York-Newark-Bridgeport Combined Statistical Area
Bergen • Bronx • Dutchess • Essex • Fairfield • Hudson • Hunterdon • Kings • Litchfield • Mercer • Middlesex • Monmouth • Morris • Nassau • New Haven • New York • Ocean • Orange • Passaic • Pike • Putnam • Queens • Richmond • Rockland • Somerset • Suffolk • Sussex • Ulster • Union • Westchester
100k–999k
Bridgeport • Elizabeth • Huntington • Jersey City • New Haven • Newark • Paterson • Stamford • Waterbury • Yonkers
25k–99k
Bayonne • Branford • Cheshire • Clifton • Danbury • East Haven • East Orange • Englewood • Fairfield • Garfield • Greenwich • Hackensack • Hamden • Hoboken • Howell, New Jersey Kearny • Long Beach • Long Branch • Meriden • Middletown • Milford • Mount Vernon • Naugatuck • New Brunswick • New Milford • New Rochelle • Newburgh • Newtown • Norwalk • Passaic • Perth Amboy • Plainfield • Poughkeepsie • Rahway • Shelton • Stratford • Torrington • Trenton • Trumbull • Union City • Wallingford • West Haven • Westfield • Westport • White Plains
Ansonia • Asbury Park • Beacon • Bethel • Brookfield • Darien • Derby • Dover • Guildford • Guttenberg • Harrison (NJ) • Harrison (NY) • Kingston • Linden • Madison • Monroe • Morristown • New Canaan • New Fairfield • North Branford • North Haven • Orange • Plymouth • Peekskill • Ridgefield • Rye • Scarsdale • Secaucus • Seymour • Southbury • Summit • Watertown • West New York • Weston • Wilton • Winchester • Wolcott
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Coordinates: 41°53′N 74°16′W / 41.89, -74.26
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IFFR Coverage Teaser Trailers Fantasy Movies Musicals Weird Videos
Tag: yuanzhengfeng
2014-10-08T05:00:05Z by Kwenton Bellette
Busan 2014 Review: RED AMNESIA Is Haunted By Forgotten Ghosts
Wang Xiaoshuai (Beijing Bicycle) returns to cap off his so-called legacy trilogy with a film that is one part thriller and one part melodrama. It does not always work, but when it does, it is largely thanks to the incredible...
Full Schedule Of Dallas IFF 2013 Has Been Unleashed! TAI CHI HERO! MUD! ICEBERG SLIM: PORTRAIT OF A PIMP! And Much More!
With opening night a mere three weeks away on April 4th, the Dallas International Film Festival has officially unveiled its full line-up for 2013, and it's a cracker! There are too many titles to talk about them all, however, there...
2012-11-19T10:00:37Z by Hugo Ozman
Review: BACK TO 1942 Epically Documents an Important Chapter in Modern History
Feng Xiaogang is perhaps China's most clever commercial film director. Reportedly having never directed a film that failed to make a handsome profit, he has had a string of huge local box office hits in recent years, including 2007's Assembly, 2008's If...
2012-11-14T20:39:01Z by James Marsh
China Lion Launches Feng's 1942 in North America
China Lion Film Distribution has announced it will release Chinese epic 1942 day-and-date with China on 30 November. The film, directed by box office golden boy Feng Xiaogang (Assembly, Aftershock, If You Are The One), and starring Hollywood A-listers Adrien...
Adrien Brody and Tim Robbins Despair in Trailer for Feng Xiaogang's BACK TO 1942
Feng Xiaogang, the mainland Chinese director responsible for such epics as Aftershock and Assembly, as well as the blockbusting romantic drama If You Are The One and its sequel, seems determined not to be outdone by fellow countryman Zhang Yimou,...


Exercise your creativity and come up with a complete home improvement plan before you start any actual work. After you have started the project, you'll be free to focus on what it takes to accomplish it rather than elements of design. Talk to friends and family before you engage in a home improvement project.
This entry was posted in Home Improvement on July 24, 2015 by Wilson C Kennedy.


Engine: 248cc liquid-cooled four-stroke Parallel Twin, SOHC, 8-valve Bore x Stroke: 53.5 x 55.2mm Compression Ratio: 11.5:1 Fuel Delivery: Fuel-injection Clutch: Wet multi-plate, cable actuation Transmission: Six-speed;chain final drive Final Drive Gearing: TBD Front Suspension: KYB telescopic coil spring fork; TBD in.
Weight: 403 lbs. (ready to ride) Wheelbase: 56.3 in. Length: 84.4 in. Width: 29.9 in.
Ground Clearance: 6.4 in. Seat Height: 30.7 in. Fuel Capacity: 3.5 gal.


I am so thankful that we have power this morning.
Some crazy thunderstorms rolled through the area overnight.
We have a big window in our bedroom. When I noticed the lightning flashing, I opened the blinds, pulled them all the way up, and snuggled up next to my Michael. We watched the lightning flash, and the trees sway, and the rain pound the window. Probably not the safest thing in the world, but it was romantic. I love a good storm.
Our power flashed a few times overnight but it is on this morning and the A/C is blasting. Thank God. I went outside to check on our SUV and our plants, and everything is fine. There was a tree branch right BESIDE our car, but thankfully not on it. And the only casualty from our porch was the American flag I got yesterday at the Dollar Tree for July 4th. It was on the ground, still in one piece. I picked it back up.
I found this wrought iron hanging plant thing near a dumpster. I have always wanted one of these! Score! So, yesterday, I bought a hanging basket from my favorite local produce stand which also happens to sell plants and flowers.
Rorer's Produce is a quaint, locally owned business on Route 1. It's been family owned for like 30 years. I love places like this. Buy local, shop small businesses and do your part to bring our economy back!!
When I first started writing this, Brokaw was begging me for a rawhide chew. Now he is snoring. I love it when I win.
I need to get going. I have to get Michael up and ready, and take the dogs to the groomer (Princess is getting a total doggie makeover and B is getting his nails did). We are planning to go to a concert at Kings Fest at King's Dominion tonight, but I'm kind of concerned about the storms.
Oh Bethany, I'm so sorry you guys had to go without power for that long. It's scary when you really NEED the power!


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Publisher: National Association for the Education of Young Ch
Trauma and Young Children
Teaching Strategies to Support and Empower
Laura J. Colker, Sarah Erdman, Elizabeth C. Winter
By Laura J. Colker, Sarah Erdman and Elizabeth C. Winter
Trauma Is in Children's Lives—But So Are You
The world can be a confusing, frightening place to young children. More than ever, early childhood educators need accurate information and practical guidance for helping children and families who have experienced trauma. Following a healing-centered approach to working with children ages 3–6, this book provides an understanding of
What trauma is, what causes it, and its potential effects on the brain and learning
Why your relationships with children and families are critical to promoting healing
How to create trauma-informed programs and implement practices that support children and families
How to care for your own well-being
The thread of hope woven throughout will encourage you as you help children and families find a path forward—not only to survive but also to flourish.
Sarah Erdman is an experienced early childhood educator and museum professional in Northern Virginia. Her research and professional practice explore how museums and educators can connect to make meaningful experiences for young children. Sarah teaches at FB Meekins Cooperative Preschool and serves on the board of the Northern Virginia Association for the Education of Young Children. She brings her experience as a mother and educator to all the work she does and is a committed advocate for educators and young children.
She is a graduate of the University of Maine and earned a MAT in Museum Education from The George Washington University and an AAS in Early Childhood Development from the Northern Virginia Community College. Sarah founded Cabinet of Curiosities LLC and has served as the early childhood consultant for institutions such as the National Museum of American History, the LBJ Presidential Library and Museum and The Phillips Collection. She is also a skilled trainer working with both early childhood educators and museum professionals.
Sarah was the creator and editor of The Care and Keeping of Museum Professionals, a collection of reflective essays on the state of the museum field. She has also published extensively in NAEYC's Young Children and Teaching Young Children as well as contributing to publications of the American Alliance of Museums, the National Museum of American History and the National Science Teachers Association.
Laura J. Colker , EdD, is the President of L.J. Colker & Associates in Washington, DC. She is an author, lecturer, and trainer in early childhood education with 40 years of experience. She has written or co-authored over 150 publications and contributed to the development of 45 educational videos and PBS programs. Dr. Colker is most widely known as a co-author of The Creative Curriculum for Preschool, now in its 6th edition. She is also a co-author of The Creative Curriculum for Family Child Care and the first edition of The Creative Curriculum for Infants, Toddlers, and Twos. Her two most recent books are High-Quality Early Childhood Programs: The What, Why, and How and Making Lemonade: Teaching Young Children How to Think Optimistically. Both books are co-authored with Derry Koralek.
For nine years, Colker was a contributing editor to Teaching Young Children, NAEYC's journal for preschool teachers. She has also been a consultant to Reading Is Fundamental (RIF), The Council for Professional Development, Zero to Three, WestEd, the Head Start Bureau, NACCRA (now Child Care Aware), the University of Minnesota, Sonoma State University, the Los Angeles Unified School District, all of the military services' child development programs, the Department of Defense Education Activity, and numerous other education-related institutions and organizations.
Elizabeth C. Winter, MD, is a board-certified psychiatrist living in Baltimore, MD. She is a Senior Physician with the Department of Veterans Affairs, Office of the Inspector General and a faculty member of the Johns Hopkins Hospital Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences. Dr. Winter began her career in private practice, providing medication management and psychotherapy. While in private practice, she became the co-director of the Johns Hopkins Anxiety Disorders Clinic, a tertiary consultation service providing in depth evaluations, formulations, and treatment recommendations. After leaving private practice, Dr. Winter was the medical director of a dual diagnosis facility in Maryland before joining the faculty of University of Maryland as an inpatient hospitalist. She joined the VA OIG in 2018.
Dr. Winter has worked in medical student and resident education for over 10 years at Johns Hopkins and the University of Maryland. In addition to individual mentoring, clerkship lectures, and seminars, Dr. Winter developed a 6-month long curriculum on the diagnosis and management of anxiety disorders for third year psychiatry residents in the subspecialty clinic rotation. She has published extensively in academic journals, book chapters, and articles for the general public on issues related to psychiatry.


text:
Oskar K.
Herman S. and Max D.
Paul S.
Jacob H.
Hans A.
Kenneth C.
Floyd D.
Mae H.
Shiro T.
Knud D.
George W.
Irmgard C.
Joseph W.
Eva G.
Gary B.
In 1938, many Jewish Germans and Austrians decided that, for their safety, they needed to leave. Nazi Germany had annexed Austria in March during the Anschluss; during Kristallnacht on November 9 – 10, Nazi Party officials encouraged mobs to burn and loot Jewish businesses, synagogues, and homes and arrested approximately 30,000 Jewish men. At that time, most nations restricted the numbers of immigrants allowed in a given year, and securing visas for places like the United States could take up to ten years. Since escape was the priority, families quickly began new lives in places like Bolivia or South Africa where immigration quotas had not yet been filled.
Shanghai, China was one of the few places in the world that did not require a visa for immigration at that time. The city became a refuge for more than 17,000 German and Austrian Jewish refugees who had nowhere else to go. Many arrived with little or no money because the Nazis had restricted the amount of money that people could take out of the country. New arrivals often had to rely on assistance from the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee (JDC) and local Iraqi and Russian Jewish families who had been in Shanghai for many years.
Living quarters in Shanghai.
The living conditions in Shanghai were very different from what the refugees were accustomed to. Most of them came from a middle-class background, and many were suddenly living in public housing and relying on soup kitchens for meals. The refugees adapted to the new situation, many of them opening businesses to support themselves.
The refugees felt the impact of the war in Shanghai. Japan had occupied the city since 1937, and after the attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941, the Japanese moved the refugees to a settlement area in the Hongkew district, known to some as the "Shanghai ghetto." Food and other supplies, as well as international funding, were restricted during the war. After the war ended, the refugees left Shanghai, many immigrating to the United States.
Group of people at social event in Shanghai.
Irmgard C. was born in Berlin, Germany. She and her family experienced increasing antisemitism after the Nazis took control of Germany in 1933. After Kristallnacht, her family left Germany for Shanghai on a Japanese ship. She discusses her life there, her work, and the changes after the Japanese restrictions began. Learn more and see a video interview with Irmgard >
Joseph W. was born in Austria and recalls the changes he experienced after his country was annexed by Germany in March 1938. His family left for Shanghai, where they, like many others, initially found aid from local Jewish committees to secure housing. After the war, he spent some time in South America before immigrating to the United States. Learn more and see a video interview with Joseph >
Eva G. was born in Breslau, Germany. She recalls the growing atmosphere of antisemitism that she noticed beginning in 1935, culminating in the events of Kristallnacht. Soon after that night, her family left for Shanghai aboard an Italian ship. She married her husband while living there, and they remained in China for ten years before leaving for the United States. Learn more and see a video interview with Eva >
Gary B. was born in Berlin, Germany. After Kristallnacht, he and his father went into hiding; that night, his family made the decision to leave Germany. They went to Shanghai when other routes were closed to them. Learn more and see a video interview with Gary >


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Challenges of Pipe Storage On Large Oil Rigs
The World's Largest Oil Rigs & How They Store Pipe
The Gulf of Mexico is a fertile oil field and home to some of the world's largest rigs. These giants work in depths up to 3,000 feet and may drill more than two miles below the surface to find oil. The following are several of the world's largest oil rigs, or platforms, that are located in the Gulf.
Petronius Platform is an oil rig belonging to Chevron, and it is situated just outside of New Orleans. At over 2,000 feet high, it is one of the world's tallest structures, and it holds more than 100 million barrels of oil. Petronius works in water at a depth of 2,044 feet.
Baldpate Platform, designed by Hudson engineering, is another tall structure at nearly 2,000 feet in height. It is located off the Louisiana coast, and it produces both gas and oil. It has seven wells that produce 50,000 barrels of oil every day.
Perdido Platform, owned by Shell, lies about 200 miles off the coast of Texas at a water depth of 8,000 feet. It draws oil from 22 wells, and all of the oil travels through a network of piping that feed into a riser.
Atlantis Platform is a semi-submersible rig that not only extracts oil at a capacity of 200,000 barrels per day but transports it back to shore through a networked system of piping. The BP-owned platform is about 200 miles from New Orleans.
All of these rigs utilize miles of pipe and depend on having that pipe in excellent condition, as an oil leak could be disastrous. Pipe on oil rigs may be in use or in storage. Pipe stored for immediate use are stacked vertically in groups of two or more in the derrick, while pipe racks hold the pipe horizontally for long-term storage. All pipe is vulnerable to corrosion and fatigue due to the harsh conditions of salt water, pressure, and extreme weather. Therefore, pipe protection is key for preventing holes and cracks or damage to the joint threads.
Why Government Regulations and Inspections Are Essential
Government regulations have been put in place to ensure the safety of the workers and of the oil drilling operation itself. Regular inspections can help rig owners identify any weaknesses in their pipe storage system that could put workers at risk. If pipe and other tubular goods are not chocked, for example, they may lack stability and become dislodged, putting nearby workers in danger. Inspections can also identify flaws in the pipe, catching small cracks or abrasions before they become serious issues. Finally, inspections are a means of making sure that pipe storage systems are in compliance with government regulations.
What Makes MSI Pipe Protection Technologies an Industry Leader?
Recognized as an industry leader by the American Petroleum Institute in April of 2016, MSI is the top producer of tubular goods and pipe protection products. The company is known for developing innovative products and offering customized solutions for customers in the oil and gas industry. Moreover, MSI Pipe Protection Technologies ensures that their pipes and other tubular products are consistent with required safety standards and regulations for their storage and eventual use.


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What was the role of the prophets in the life and history of Israel?
The prophet's principal responsibility was to transmit God's word to the people. The prophets were regular persons from many walks of life who served as God's spokesmen. Through the prophets, God forewarned Israel and Judah. People rejected God, worshiped idols, committed injustice, and desired evil. The prophets cried out against these evils and urged their listeners to repent.
Israelite society was organized into classes: priests, leaders, rulers, and slaves. The priests ministered in the temple and to the poor. They performed ceremonial duties and offered prayers for the nation. The leaders managed government affairs; they made decisions and implemented policy. The rulers exercised power by controlling their subjects through force or fear. Slaves did menial work in their owners' homes or on their farms.
The prophets generally spoke against the practices of the day, especially those that were related to religion. They warned individuals and nations of impending doom if they continued in their sins. Some prophets gave comfort when others suffered loss or hardship. All through their messages, the prophets urged people to turn away from their sins and obey God's laws.
God used the prophets to communicate his will and help his people find peace and prosperity. They brought him complaints about other gods they had learned about through foreign trade agreements. They told of miraculous events that proved Jesus was the Messiah. And they prophesied about future events regarding Christ's birth, death, and resurrection.
What was the role of prophets during the Dark Ages?
What was the primary mission of the Hebrew prophets?
How did the Hebrew prophets differ from other religious leaders of their time?
Why were prophets important to the Israelites?
Who was the leader of the school of prophets?
The Lord talked frequently throughout the Doctrine and Covenants on the importance of living prophets and their role in the Church of Jesus Christ. With the great apostasy, prophets were no longer dispatched to work among the people, and the Christian world lost its understanding of the function of prophets in the Lord's plan in the ensuing Dark Ages. But beginning with Joseph Smith, a prophet was called upon again to lead his people.
Modern-day prophets are given revelation for all generations. Living prophets are needed today just as they were in the early days of the Church to guide us as we live by faith in Jesus Christ. The Lord has promised that when he opens the windows of heaven his voice will be heard on earth again through modern-day prophets who will continue to teach about Jesus Christ and help restore faith in his church.
Also see the D&C sections on prophecy.
Because the Hebrew prophets, like other ancient prophets, were called to bring messages from their God, tradition regarded them as the premier bearers of the divine word. According to this view, which has influenced much of Christian thinking about the prophets, they were uniquely qualified to speak for God because he had chosen them personally.
In fact, however, there is no evidence that any of the prophets claimed any special privilege to speak for God. They seem to have operated within a democratic framework where all voices were heard and considered by the community.
The primary purpose of the Hebrew prophets was thus not to confer spiritual gifts upon others or to anoint leaders but rather to call Israel to return to God and live according to his laws.
They also tried to prepare their people for future events by prophesying about these events before they happened.
Finally, the Hebrew prophets challenged their contemporaries to change their ways or face the consequences of their actions.
While most priests and rulers at some point in their lives sought out guidance from a prophet, this did not make them any less powerful than others in the community.
In that scenario, the prophets predicted calamity, judgment, and perhaps the annihilation of Israel. The cultic context of liturgical judgment and redemption, in which Yahweh judged and killed his adversaries and so established the "ideal" future, is the basis of prophetic insight into those issues. The prophets also proclaimed the coming of a king who would deliver Israel and inaugurate an age of peace.
Israelite religion was centered on worship of one God who exercised sovereign control over all aspects of life. Prophets were indispensable to Israel because they spoke for God and warned of danger or promised blessing. They played an important role in religious debates by arguing for their points of view and convincing others to adopt them too.
Prophecy has been an essential part of religion since ancient times. Even today many people believe that prophets can foretell future events that will not happen until many years later. This is not only true for prophets but also for priests and other leaders within religions. They can tell us what kind of political system is likely to succeed or fail, which businesses are likely to be successful or unsuccessful, and even which movies will do well at the box office. By listening carefully to what these people have to say we can come to know more about how things will turn out.
Some people think that prophecy is only for advanced societies with large universities, but this is not so.
The School of the Prophets has profound biblical roots. In the Old Testament, the prophet Samuel established a school to teach young prophets. Elisha took over as principal of the school when Samuel died. During Elisha's lifetime, he was only 40 years old but already one of Israel's greatest prophets.
After Elisha's death, his students continued to serve in Jerusalem for more than 20 years. The last student was appointed by King Jehoiachin after being selected by the king and the elders of the city. This final student was also named Elisha. He taught during the reigns of three kings - Jehoram, Jehu and Zedekiah - before being killed in battle.
This institution of learning with its chief instructor always located in Jerusalem was unique to Israel. There were no universities until many centuries later when Europe began to develop into nations with strong religions like Judaism.
In addition to Samuel and Elisha, other leaders of the School of the Prophets include Micah, Nahum, Obadiah, Joel, Jonah and Elija. These men served from the 12th century B.C. until the 5th century A.D., a period of more than 100 years.
Who were the tribunes in ancient Rome?
Author: Vera Bailey
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. More broadly, the criticisms have centered around inconsistent messaging and the unsophisticated data collection systems that inform the agency's guidance.
CDC leadership has suggested that the agency's overhaul is partly in response to these criticisms. In a statement announcing that the CDC would be undergoing a comprehensive review, CDC Director Dr. Rochelle Walensky said, "Never in its 75-year history has [the] CDC had to make decisions so quickly, based on often limited, real-time and evolving science… As we've challenged our state and local partners, we know that now is the time for CDC to integrate the lessons learned into a strategy for the future."
According to Kyle McGowan, a former chief of staff at the CDC, many of the agency's difficulties have been exacerbated by political interference.
"This is what it looks like when you run a public health response or any type of emergency response out of the White House," McGowan said during a HealthDay Now interview. "It takes a very complicated process and response and makes it 10 times or 100 times more complicated than it needs to be. And every time that a guidance document is put out, or every time an interview is requested, there are 10 or 15 different people from [the Department of Health and Human Services] on up to the White House that has to confirm or sign off on those documents."
McGowan was tapped to join the CDC by the Trump administration in 2018, where he served for two years before resigning. He shared his experiences in a 2021 interview with The New York Times, citing political meddling from the White House and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services as one of the reasons for his departure. The Trump administration's efforts to downplay the pandemic and control the CDC's messaging have been widely reported.
But despite promises to the contrary, the Biden administration hasn't seemed to loosen the political grip. In fact, there were far fewer CDC briefings on COVID-19 in 2021 than there were in 2020, when Trump was in office. "We're asking the CDC to be nimble and flexible and communicate faster. Yet we put all of these burdens in their way of being able to do that," McGowan said.
The fallout over messaging has cost the agency some public trust: In an NBC poll from January, only 44% of Americans said they trust the CDC's information about COVID-19. According to Dr. Natasha Bagdasarian, Michigan's chief medical executive, dwindling public trust in the CDC has a trickle-down effect, jeopardizing the authority of public health messaging across the board.
"When the public doesn't trust what the CDC is saying, that also affects the public trust that we have at the state level and that our local health departments have with their communities," Bagdasarian told HealthDay News. "And I'm also hearing from medical providers, from my colleagues who are practicing clinically, that it's affected their clinical relationships with patients. It becomes just a lack of public trust in health care recommendations."
You can watch the entire HealthDay Now interview below:
As the evaluation of the CDC wraps up and the agency looks to improve its communication strategy in the future, Bagdasarian emphasized the importance of finding better ways to communicate uncertainty. She said public health authorities should clarify that recommendations will evolve with the science and change over time. "So far, I think that hasn't been done. Guidance has been issued as 'this is the new guidance,' when instead it should be, 'this is the guidance for where we are right now, but we expect things to change,'" she added.
The systems for collecting and analyzing data are another weak point for the agency. "The CDC is only as good as the entities that provide the information to them," McGowan said. "And I think it's important to understand that the CDC really owns no data of its own."
Managing infectious disease outbreaks properly requires massive amounts of data. On the most basic level, data allows the CDC to track the number of infections, infection severity, where infections are occurring, and who is affected. There is no comprehensive or standardized system for collecting this information. Instead, the CDC gathers data from a patchwork of sources, including private sector companies, academic institutions, and state health departments. States relay regional case numbers to the CDC on their own timetable and with varying levels of precision as part of a voluntary reporting system.
With more extensive data, the CDC can run better analyses to help predict future trends or outbreaks. "We now need to be preemptive, proactive, and look ahead and provide this type of information very much like a weather forecast, and then also provide instructions for how we want people to prepare," Bagdasarian said.
The CDC is trying to do that with the new forecasting center, which will focus on modeling the path of outbreaks to inform more timely recommendations. These forecasts will allow public health authorities to "start messaging when we know that there are surges expected," according to Bagdasarian. "So, now is the time to get ready. Make sure you've got over-the-counter tests at home. Make sure that if you are eligible for a booster, that you have a plan to get a booster."
However, the CDC is limited in the data it can collect. In an interview with "60 Minutes," Walensky explained that the agency is the "compiler of the data, but we do not have the authority to collect it," according to CBS. With a public health emergency in effect due to COVID-19, the CDC has benefited from looser restrictions, allowing the agency to receive more direct reports from laboratories and hospitals. The CDC could lose access to this data when the COVID-19 emergency declaration expires, which, barring another renewal, is scheduled to occur in July.
How the agency will go about enacting the goals they've signaled in recent months remains uncertain. Obstacles include limitations on data collection and a lack of flexible funding.
"The CDC needs to have congressional funding that is sustainable and flexible. It also needs the data authorities to truly do its job," McGowan said. "And if we wait until Congress temporarily gives funding or temporarily gives authorities during the next public health emergency, we've already failed as a country because the people are already sick, and we need the CDC to have those authorities and that funding now and during peacetime so that we can better prepare so that we never have to live through something like COVID again."
Find out more about the CDC's disease forecasting center.
SOURCES: Kyle McGowan, founding partner, Ascendant Strategic Partners, former chief of staff, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Natasha Bagdasarian, MD, MPH, FIDSA, chief medical executive, State of Michigan, fellow, Infectious Diseases Society of America


A typical day at work would begin with a shift meeting assigning associates and technicians to their production lines for the day. Meetings would involve discussion of quality issues (if any) and specific instructions for a particular day. Associates and technicians would run production lines independently as team leaders and coordinators would check in on their respective production lines periodically. Associates were openly encouraged to speak to team leaders, coordinators, or management about any quality concerns or concerns about any time of harassment. During an 8-hour shift, breaks were scheduled roughly 1/4 and 3/4 of the way through a shift with lunch occurring roughly 1/2 way through a shift.
I learned how quality electrical power boards were made, especially as they related to automotive lighting. The hardest part was dealing with some difficult people at times and occasional variation between different leadership personnel about how various jobs were to be performed.
The most enjoyable part of the job to me was learning how the different production and function test machines worked to ensure the production of quality automotive lighting and heating control unit products for Honda. I learn a lot about how why machines work the way they work and developed some basic mechanical skills during my time at Stanley.
Fast paced good environment friendly staff great learning experience so far as a tech and competitive wages. Clean plant not dirty and cool in the summer time.
Productive And Friendly Work place.
I Think That It Was Overall A Great Place To Work. I Hope To Go Back One Day Soon. I Really Liked It There. I Thought The Team Leaders Were Especially Good Us Line Workers. An I Enjoyed My Work Life There Very Much.
Used to be a great place to work. Have taken benefits away and do not care about their associates. Poor raises, no extra pay for equipment drivers. Fast paced, lots of OT mandated.
Meetings are held every month to keep everyone update with the company. If there were issues with product production, our manager starts every shift with a way to solve that issue. They kept close attention to detail pertaining to staff quality and speed.
Excellent place to work and I enjoyed working third shift. You were able to work overtime in different areas if you wanted to have overtime. That was a plus for associates who needed more income..
Once a good place to work, then got worse over the years. Great, dedicated people work for them, but they treat them like garbage. The place has a "don't like it? There's the door attitude." They only promote individuals who are within the "buddy system", very cliquish management. They should eliminate all of their incompetent American Managers and Coordinators and let the Japanese completely run the place again. The Americans are driving the place out of business eventually. Glad I found a better job!
Good work environment. The job pay is good and good people to work around. The medical benefits is not that good and the department I work in does not offer much overtime at all. Other than that the company is a good place to work. Once I transfer departments I can get more OT.
Good place to work. Hard to move shifts.
I enjoyed my time at Stanley Electric. I just had to move shifts and that was not going to happen anytime soon. The staff there was awesome, and I would recommend anyone looking for a steady job, to think about applying there.
This place is going downhill fast. They are losing people faster than they can get them through the door because no one wants to stay and work here anymore. You will work lots of overtime for parts your line didn't drop. They are too busy repainting the floors and cleaning the place up to make it look pretty for Honda that they aren't fixing the real problems.
I loved the time I worked for stanley. They are very open to your lifestyle when it comes to your children and other things that may come up. And the pay is amazing.
The summary explains it all. Management is very impersonal and lacks communication skills. I have never worked for a company that values their product more than their employees. At Stanley Electric you are nothing but a number to them. They may pay decent, but it's not worth feeling like you are beneath their feet.
Stanley think that the workers there are slaves and will fire you if you have medical problems. They don't take doctor notes. They don't care if you are under sleepy meds they want you to work your life away.
Ask a question about working or interviewing at Stanley Electric. Our community is ready to answer.
How would you describe the pace of work at Stanley Electric?
How often do raises occur at Stanley Electric?
What tips or advice would you give to someone interviewing at Stanley Electric?
What is the work environment and culture like at Stanley Electric?
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What are the 3rd shift hours here ?


Q What is the Total no of Attempts for appearing in NEET UG 2018?
Home > Exams > NEET > Forum > What is the Total no of Attempts for appearing in NEET UG 2018?
The total no of attempts in NEET UG Entrance Exam shall be limited to 3 three to all candidates.


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<?php

/**
 * Wishlist sidebar block
 */
namespace Magento\Wishlist\Block\Customer;

use Magento\Catalog\Model\Product;
use Magento\Framework\Pricing\Render;

class Sidebar extends \Magento\Wishlist\Block\AbstractBlock
{
    /**
     * Retrieve block title
     *
     * @return \Magento\Framework\Phrase
     */
    public function getTitle()
    {
        return __('My Wish List');
    }

    /**
     * Return HTML block content
     *
     * @param Product $product
     * @param string $priceType
     * @param string $renderZone
     * @param array $arguments
     * @return string
     */
    public function getProductPriceHtml(
        Product $product,
        $priceType,
        $renderZone = Render::ZONE_ITEM_LIST,
        array $arguments = []
    ) {
        if (!isset($arguments['zone'])) {
            $arguments['zone'] = $renderZone;
        }

        $price = '';

        $priceRender = $this->getPriceRender();
        if ($priceRender) {
            $price = $priceRender->render($priceType, $product, $arguments);
        }

        return $price;
    }

    /**
     * Get price render block
     *
     * @return Render
     */
    private function getPriceRender()
    {
        /** @var Render $priceRender */
        $priceRender = $this->getLayout()->getBlock('product.price.render.default');
        if (!$priceRender) {
            $priceRender = $this->getLayout()->createBlock(
                'Magento\Framework\Pricing\Render',
                'product.price.render.default',
                [
                    'data' => [
                        'price_render_handle' => 'catalog_product_prices',
                    ],
                ]
            );
        }
        return $priceRender;
    }
}