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Home > Early Learners > Learning code introduces students to 'new way of thinking'
Learning code introduces students to 'new way of thinking'
November 12, 2014	| Posted in: Early Learners, Elementary, High School, Middle Years
Students of all ages are acquiring a language that will serve them well in the future: They're learning computer code.
Educators say learning code exposes students to more than technical skills; they're gaining critical thinking and problem solving skills that will serve them well in any future job.
"Learning to program opens up a new way of thinking to students, which teaches them how to think logically and break down big problems into manageable tasks," said Steve Wolfort, library media specialist in Niskayuna's Iroquois Middle School. "These are skills that will translate into any future job, whether or not they are technology related."
According to Code.org, computer programming jobs are growing at two times the national average. And Edudemic.com says that computer-related jobs will increase by 22 percent by the year 2020, resulting in the creating of 1.4 million jobs, mostly in computer science.
"The field of programming is enormous, and it covers many aspects of technology," said William Eipp, Broadalbin-Perth High School math teacher. "Unless someone is able to program a device, computer, phone, etc., there is nothing for a device to do. As we continue to create new devices, robots and more, we will always need the programmer to make things work."
Increasingly, districts are adding computer programming classes to their high school offerings as well, and teachers are incorporating coding into lessons across the STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Math) spectrum.
"We're trying to infuse lessons with code without deviating too far from the required standards," said Makensie Bullinger, academic administrator for Science and Technology at Mohonasen Central School District. "The whole concept of critical thinking and logic that comes with coding is really important."
Bullinger said the response to new high school electives introduced in Mohonasen this year has been "overwhelming." The classes are part of a push in the district to incorporate coding across the STEM spectrum. Bullinger said STEM nights at the district's K-2 school are well attended, with more than 100 students, and enrichment programs for students in grades 3-5 are over-enrolled.
"Students are learning mathematical relationships and all those concepts Common Core is asking our kids to be able to do," said Bullinger. "It provides an opportunity, in a fun way, for students to be able to look at problems, solve them and think in an abstract way. They're learning math without realizing it. They're deducting, counting, using loops and algorithms. All of that is embedded in coding."
In Niskayuna, Wolfort introduced his middle school students to Hour of Code activities during Computer Science Education Week last year, scheduled this year for Dec. 8-14.
"The Hour of Code is designed to engage students at all levels and abilities," said Wolfort, who plans to host activities again this year. Students learn the fundamentals of programming with simple drag-and-drop code instructions that help them build popular games such as Angry Birds or Plants vs. Zombies. "The students have a blast creating their own versions of these games while they are learning to code."
Teacher Geoffrey Swits developed a skills program for fourth graders at Duanesburg Elementary School last year, and then held several camps this past summer at the local community center. This year the program expanded when Swits formed a fifth grade robotics competition team.
"The program we use is graphics based, so they're taking icons and making a chain of events that come along," said Swits. "They start with a really simple program as an introduction to coding."
Swits said students learn important skills through the robotics program. "They're predicting and hypothesizing. They're putting it into a real-world situation. There's a problem, and they're working together to find a solution."
Younger students understand and believe they can expand their skills in the future, he said. "Exposing students earlier to these types of skills will lead the way to them understanding what goes into more complicated programming for writing computer language. If you start this in elementary school, it's much more likely a student won't be intimidated when they see an engineering program in high school."
One of the greatest benefits Swits has seen is the confidence it builds in students. "It becomes second nature to discuss something then figure out what went right and what went wrong, and what they need to do to change things."
There's little doubt the skills students learn will aid them whatever their career path.
"There's a lot of logic that is involved in coding," said Bullinger. "You're taking a problem that's not just cut-and-paste, or rote memorization. You're problem solving, you're critical thinking, you are taking information and utilizing it to think outside the box, and using that to come up with answers. It's really important to have those skills in today's job market. If you're given a problem and the answer's not right in front of you, you have the skills set needed to solve it."
Wolfort said he plans to participate in Hour of Code again this year. "My hope is that it gives students a better understanding about how so much of the world around them actually works. Learning to program gives anybody the ability to create something amazing out of virtually nothing, and understanding that opportunity is what I hope kids take away from this."
WAYS TO SUPPORT LEARNING
"Learning to program is similar to learning mathematics in that it is a building block process," said Eipp. "You need to learn a fundamental process and then build on that."
Educators suggest the following resources for parents to support their children at home:
Code.org has age-appropriate K-12 resources.
Learn to code for free at Codeacademy.com
Another website that offers online courses for kids is Tynker.com
More on the Hour of Code
Swits also suggested parents go back to basics with circuit board kits, simple machine sets or a set of magnets. "Toys become tools, and when they see it in school, they're not intimidated."
Karen Nerney has been a communications specialist with the Capital Region BOCES Communications Service since 2011. She is mom to two daughters, 19 and 17, and a son, 10, who are just starting to dabble in the world of coding.
Copyright ©2015 by Parent Today and Capital Region BOCES; Used with permission
Tags: learning, learning styles, math, technology


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PRESS RELEASE: Announcing Winning Solutions of First-Ever Horizon Prize, Powered by MIT Solve, to Accelerate Rare Disease Diagnosis
Andrea Snyder
Director, Communications and Marketing, MIT Solve
Horizon Therapeutics plc (Nasdaq: HZNP), in collaboration with MIT Solve, a marketplace for social impact innovation, is proud to announce two winning solutions of this year's Horizon Prize, ThinkGenetic Inc. and Congenica. The winners will share $150,000 in funding to continue evolving their solutions for reducing the time it takes to be diagnosed with a rare disease.
ThinkGenetic uses genetic counselor curated algorithms to search health records to identify at-risk rare disease patients and educate them and their physicians on the condition, how to get tested, diagnosed and treated. Once identified, it works with the hospital system to educate physicians and patients on what the condition is, how to test for it, treat and manage it. ThinkGenetic CEO and founder,
David Jacob is a genetic patient himself and plans to use this funding to expand ThinkGenetic to support more genetic conditions.
Congenica uses software to analyze next-generation sequencing data to provide a free-of-charge diagnostic solution for people from disadvantaged groups affected by rare conditions. In doing so, it also creates an unbiased data system that will help improve its diagnostic models. According to Congenica, ethnic minorities are likely to experience barriers to screening, diagnosis and treatment due to a variety of cultural and socioeconomic factors. This funding would allow Congenica to provide free access to its platform for the analysis and diagnosis of thousands of ethnic minority patients.
"Congratulations on being the first-ever winners of The Horizon Prize," said
Tim Walbert, chairman, president and chief executive officer, Horizon. "Estimates indicate rare disease patients spend nearly five years going to appointments, getting tests and seeing multiple healthcare providers before their disease is accurately diagnosed—this is unacceptable. We are inspired by the ingenuity behind ThinkGenetic and Congenica to improve time to diagnosis and the potential to improve quality of life for the nearly 400 million people affected by rare disease worldwide."
"Congratulations to ThinkGenetic, Inc. and Congenica on this well-deserved recognition," said Alex Amouyel, Executive Director,
MIT Solve. "We are inspired by your work to help people with rare diseases get the care they need—faster, more accurately, and more equitably."
The Horizon Prize is a first-of-its-kind global innovation challenge focused on speeding diagnosis and care for people impacted by rare disease. This year, visionaries, academics and inventors from a pool of more than 138,000 individuals in over 137 countries set out to solve, "How can technology help people with rare diseases get the right care faster and more accurately?"
Each year The Horizon Prize will pose a unique question to encourage innovators and entrepreneurs to try to solve a problem associated with the rare disease community. For more information on The Horizon Prize solutions visit https://solve.mit.edu/challenges/horizonprize.
Horizon is focused on the discovery, development and commercialization of medicines that address critical needs for people impacted by rare, autoimmune and severe inflammatory diseases. Our pipeline is purposeful: we apply scientific expertise and courage to bring clinically meaningful therapies to patients. We believe science and compassion must work together to transform lives. For more information on how we go to incredible lengths to impact lives, please visit www.horizontherapeutics.com and follow us on Twitter, LinkedIn, Instagram and Facebook.
About MIT Solve
Solve is an initiative of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) with a mission to solve world challenges. Solve is a marketplace for social impact innovation. Through open innovation Challenges, Solve finds incredible tech-based social entrepreneurs all around the world. Solve then brings together MIT's innovation ecosystem and a community of Members to fund and support these entrepreneurs to help them drive lasting, transformational impact. Join Solve on this journey at solve.mit.edu.
Custom Pillar
The Horizon Prize

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


these messages with other messages of its own.
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This article is written to safe-guard our readers who are new to stock market, and make them understand about the actual facts. We started Hidden Gems annual subscription in late 2010 followed by other services like Value Picks, 15% @ 90 Days and Wealth-Builder, today we have a strong subscriber base covering almost all major states in India and from 20 other countries across globe. During the last 5 years we have interacted with several investors seeking multibagger return from stocks.
It was 17th Dec 2011, we recommended Cera Sanitaryware as Hidden Gem stock of the month at price of Rs 167, later it went up to Rs. 450 in period of 15 months. Based on strong quarterly numbers, attractive valuations and consistent performance, we recommended buy again in the range of 350-450 which was taken as a surprise by our members as we received several queries and feedback.
Cera Sanitaryware touched its life time high of Rs 2895 last year, today stock price closed at Rs. 2201, stock has given as on date returns of 1302% in 4.5 years from our initial recommendation and almost 390% return from our reiterated buy at Rs. 450, which was not liked by our subscribers.
There is a a general misconception among the investors that high priced stocks can't generate multibagger returns. They often think that high-priced stocks are overvalued. In terms of valuation, a 50 rupees stock may not be cheaper than that of a 1000 rupees stock. There is no co-relation between the valuation and market price of a stock. To understand whether a company is small or large, you must look at market capital of the company and not at stock price. To judge valuation you must have to look at Price to earning ratio, Price to book ratio, Price to sales ratio etc.
Lets try to understand this with an example, Tide Water Oil share price was Rs. 1450 on 1st Jan'12 (stock split and bonus issue adjusted price, actual price was 5800). Today the stock price is at Rs. 5561 giving absolute returns of 284% i.e. almost 4 times in 4 years against double digit return of Sensex in the same period. We suggested Buy on Tide Water Oil and many of our subscribers might not have invested in it thinking that they can buy hardly 2 shares by investing Rs. 12,000 but now those 2 shares are actually 8 shares post stock split and issue of bonus share and share price is also near to the the recommended price.
There are many examples like above by which we can illustrate that there's nothing called high price. Multibagger returns is not depended on the current market price of a stock, so don't be afraid of investing in high priced stock. You need to look at fundamentals like PE ratio, PB ratio, ROE, ROCE, debt on books, cash reserves along with other parameters to judge a stock whether it is undervalued or overvalued. We agree with you that judging valuation is not an easy task. So, take expert's advise when ever required.
Lets try to understand this also with a simple example, Lanco Infratech is a well-known company from Infrastructure sector. At the beginning of 2010 the stock was around Rs 55. Today it is hovering at just Rs 4.95. Those who purchased that stock during 2010 are in 91% loss! Rs. 1 lakh invested in Lanco Infratech in Jan 2010 is valued at merely Rs. 9,000 today, a complete wealth-destroyer! Isn't it? Those who thought this stock at levels of Rs. 30 and later again at Rs. 10 to average out thinking that stock has came down from all time highs of Rs. 85 are still waiting to get their buying price back. There are many such stocks like Suzlon Energy, GMR Infra, GVK Power and Infrastructure etc which have continuously destroyed wealth of investors over a period of last 5 to 7 years.


text:
IonQ, Hyundai partner to develop new quantum algorithms to study lithium compounds and their chemical reactions to enhance quality of next-gen lithium batteries by improving device's charge, discharge cycles, durability, capacity, safety
Sample article from our Automobile Industry
COLLEGE PARK, Maryland, and SEOUL , January 19, 2022 (press release) –
Partnership will create largest battery chemistry model yet to be run on a quantum computer, simulating structure and energy of lithium oxide
Project lays the groundwork to improve performance, cost, and safety of lithium batteries
IonQ (NYSE: IONQ), a leader in trapped-ion quantum computing, and Hyundai Motor Company today announced a partnership to develop new variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) algorithms to study lithium compounds and their chemical reactions involved in battery chemistry.
Quantum-powered chemistry simulation is expected to significantly enhance the quality of next-generation lithium batteries by making improvements to the devices' charge and discharge cycles, as well as their durability, capacity and safety.
The partnership pairs IonQ's expertise in quantum computing and Hyundai's expertise in lithium batteries. Together, the teams are creating the most advanced battery chemistry model yet developed on quantum computers, measured by the number of qubits and quantum gates.
IonQ and Hyundai are laying the foundation to create better quality batteries by more precisely simulating and controlling their chemical reactions. This research has the potential to lead to new types of source material that save time, cost, and effort in the years to come — a critical advancement as batteries are typically the most expensive component of an electric vehicle (EV).
"This creative collaboration with IonQ is expected to provide innovation in the development of basic materials in virtual space for various parts of the future mobility," said TaeWon Lim, Executive Vice President and Head of Materials Research & Engineering Center at Hyundai Motor Group. "We're excited to step into the upcoming quantum era and take advantage of the opportunities that await with more effective battery power."
Today's collaboration is a crucial component of Hyundai's Strategy 2025 goals, which include the sale of 560,000 EVs per year and the introduction of more than 12 battery electric vehicle (BEV) models to consumers. Moreover, the partnership is also an important milestone for combating the threat of climate change as EVs play a critical role in meeting global sustainability targets.
"We at IonQ believe in our mission to solve the world's most complex problems through the ongoing development of our quantum computers, and we see global climate change as one such problem that we can help to tackle with quantum chemistry solutions," said Peter Chapman, President and CEO of IonQ. "Battery efficiency is one of the most promising emerging areas where quantum computing can make a difference. We are thrilled to be working with Hyundai Motor Company on this project to make EVs a primary mode of transportation across the globe."
This partnership is the latest in IonQ's continued efforts in the field of quantum chemistry. Previously, IonQ's computers were used to demonstrate an end-to-end pipeline for simulating large molecules, such as those present in fertilizer creation. IonQ's quantum computers have also been used to simulate water molecules, one of the first demonstrations of the potential for quantum computing to tackle quantum chemistry applications.
About IonQ
IonQ, Inc. is a leader in quantum computing, with a proven track record of innovation and deployment. IonQ's next-generation quantum computer is the world's most powerful trapped-ion quantum computer, and IonQ has defined what it believes is the best path forward to scale.
IonQ is the only company with its quantum systems available through the cloud on Amazon Braket, Microsoft Azure, and Google Cloud, as well as through direct API access. IonQ was founded in 2015 by Christopher Monroe and Jungsang Kim based on 25 years of pioneering research. To learn more, visit www.ionq.com.
About Hyundai Motor Company
Established in 1967, Hyundai Motor Company offers a range of world-class vehicles and mobility services in more than 200 countries. Hyundai Motor sold more than 4.4 million vehicles globally in 2019, and currently employs some 120,000 personnel worldwide. The company is enhancing its product lineup with vehicles designed to help usher in a more sustainable future, while offering innovative solutions to real-world mobility challenges. Through the process Hyundai aims to facilitate 'Progress for Humanity' with smart mobility solutions that vitalize connections between people and provide quality time to its customers.
More information about Hyundai Motor and its products can be found at: http://worldwide.hyundai.com or http://globalpr.hyundai.com
More from our Automobile Industry Coverage
Hyundai Motor Co.
IonQ Inc.
Prototyping/Product Development
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/ Statement of Public Task
Statement of Public Task
This statement sets out the functions carried out by the National Portrait Gallery that are within the Gallery's public task under the Re-use of Public Sector Information Regulations 2005.
The Gallery's public task is defined with reference to the relevant sections of the Museums and Galleries Act 1992 and related legislation. It also includes objectives set for the Gallery by its sponsoring government department and administrative practices for which the Gallery is responsible, but for which there is no specific statutory or regulatory provision, and the provision of general advice relating to portraiture and cultural heritage to the public sector in the UK.
For the purposes of its public task, the Gallery may carry out its functions directly, or through partnerships with museum and educational establishments internationally, and/or through Gallery associated companies or third parties.
The Gallery holds and uses documents for the following purposes within its public task:
The National Portrait Gallery shall maintain a collection of portraits of the persons who make, or have made an impact on British history and/or culture, of other works of art relevant to portraiture and of documents relating to those portraits and other works of art, and shall:
care for, preserve and add to the portraits and other works of art and the documents in their collection;
secure that the portraits are exhibited to the public;
secure that the portraits and other works of art and the documents are available to persons seeking to inspect them in connection with study or research; and
generally promote the public's enjoyment and understanding of portraiture of British persons and British history through portraiture both by means of the Board's collection and by such other means as they consider appropriate;
the production and publication of books, films or other informative material, whether in printed, filmed, digital or any other form of media, relating to portraiture of persons who make or have made an impact on British history and/or culture, or British history through portraiture;
the commissioning of portraits of persons who make and have made an impact on British history and/or culture;
the production of replicas or reproductions of such portraits, or of souvenirs;
the sale (whether or not at an hour when the collection is open to the public for viewing) of informative material relating to portraiture of persons who make or have made an impact on British history and/or culture or British history through portraiture, of replicas or reproductions of portraits of persons who make or have made an impact on British history and/or culture, or of souvenirs or other goods;
the licensing of rights for the commercial or non-commercial usage of its content in third-party media; and
the provision (whether or not at such an hour) of catering or car parking or other services or facilities for the public at any premises occupied or managed by the Board.
Additionally, the Gallery undertakes a rolling programme of research, being recognised as an Independent Research Organisation by the Arts and Humanities Research Council.
The above list is not exhaustive and the Museums and Galleries Act includes other roles in the Gallery's public task not listed above. Nevertheless, those tasks listed above have greatest relevance to its use of documents and are therefore included in this Statement.
The Gallery's public task is further clarified in the About Us section of our website:
Founded in 1856, the aim of the National Portrait Gallery is to promote through the medium of portraits the appreciation and understanding of the men and women who have made and are making British history and culture, and to promote the appreciation and understanding of portraiture in all media.
The Gallery's public task is also incorporated within its six strategic objectives:
1. To extend and broaden the range of audiences for the National Portrait Gallery and its work through access and learning, a higher national and public profile, and effective communication.
2. To develop the Collection, creating opportunities for acquisition and commission, while improving its care and conservation.
3. To increase the understanding of and engagement with the Collection and the art of portraiture through outstanding research, exhibitions and displays, publishing, regional and digital programmes.
4. To maximize the financial resources available through both public and private sector support, trading and licensing and through the effective management of the Gallery's assets and resources.
5. To develop staff as an essential resource through the extension of staff diversity, training, development and learning programmes.
6. To bring the buildings, technical and managerial infrastructure of the Gallery to the highest standards, including processes, systems, collection storage and staff accommodation.
This statement of public task is regularly reviewed and is due to be considered again in 2018. If you have any queries on our public task statement, please email [email protected] or visit the Contact Us page of our website.
Nicholas Cullinan


text:
package com.baidu.rigel.biplatform.parser.exception;

import java.util.List;

import com.baidu.rigel.biplatform.parser.node.Node;

/**
 *
 * @author xiaoming.chen
 * @version  2014年12月23日
 * @since jdk 1.8 or after
 */
public class IllegalFunctionArgumentException extends RuntimeException {

    /**
     * serialVersionUID
     */
    private static final long serialVersionUID = -4578367889356066906L;

    private String functionName;

    private List<Node> args;

    private int argsLength;

    public static final String MESSAGE_PATTERN = "Function name:%s, expect args length is : %d, actually args : %s";

    /**
     * 构造函数
     */
    public IllegalFunctionArgumentException(String functionName, List<Node> args, int argsLength) {
        super(String.format(MESSAGE_PATTERN, functionName, argsLength, args));
        this.functionName = functionName;
        this.args = args;
        this.argsLength = argsLength;
    }

    /**
     * 获取 functionName
     * @return the functionName
     */
    public String getFunctionName() {

        return functionName;
    }

    /**
     * 设置 functionName
     * @param functionName the functionName to set
     */
    public void setFunctionName(String functionName) {

        this.functionName = functionName;
    }

    /**
     * 获取 args
     * @return the args
     */
    public List<Node> getArgs() {

        return args;
    }

    /**
     * 设置 args
     * @param args the args to set
     */
    public void setArgs(List<Node> args) {

        this.args = args;
    }

    /**
     * 获取 argsLength
     * @return the argsLength
     */
    public int getArgsLength() {

        return argsLength;
    }

    /**
     * 设置 argsLength
     * @param argsLength the argsLength to set
     */
    public void setArgsLength(int argsLength) {

        this.argsLength = argsLength;
    }

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Carbondale, Pa.-based Maxis Health reportedly entered into a nonbinding agreement March 8 to sell Lourdes Health System, a two-hospital system in Camden, N.J., to Virtua Health.
Under the letter of intent agreement, Marlton, N.J.-based Virtua Health will purchase Lourdes Health System's two hospitals from Maxis Health, an entity of Livonia, Mich.-based Trinity Health.
The decision comes roughly three months after Camden-based Cooper University Health Care axed its plans to acquire Lourdes Health System and Trenton, N.J.-based St. Francis Medical Center.


Over a year ago I posted a book review of the two-book set, Hillfolk and Blood on the Snow (Pelgrane Press.) I loved both as source material, but I wanted more experience with the game mechanics in play before I could review the system itself. Since I gave a pretty lengthy description of the two volumes last year, I will concentrate here on the mechanics and the feel of the game.
I experienced the system in two modes: I hosted a game at Big Bad Con 2013 using the "Colony Wars" setting pitch by Emily Care Boss; and I played in a mini-series inspired by Kevin Allen Jr.'s series pitch "To End All Wars." Both groups of players were just fantastic.
The system relies on shared narrative control between all participants, everyone taking turns at selecting theme and setting scenes, starting with the game-master. The focus of the game is the cast of player characters, which are created in the first session and are linked by a web of relationships established by the players. These relationships are deliberately held in balanced tension and constitute the dramatic underpinnings of the game.
The character creation process is also largely the setting creation, and with a group of people who enjoy shared narration, this turns into pure magic.
Two types of scenes are used: dramatic scenes, in which one character tries to obtain something—an emotional reward—from another who presents some opposition; and procedural scenes, in which the characters confront and overcome external obstacles.
In most role-playing games, we are used to paying attention mostly to procedural resolution: opening the door, killing the monster, escaping the larger monster, and so forth. However, in most dramatic fiction, there is a lot of time spent on dramatic scenes: will President Roslin get Commander Adama's support? Will G'Kar agree to help Lando Molari? Will Detective Marty Hart trust his creepy partner Rust Cohle?
A majority of the scenes in DramaSystem are expected to be, well, dramatic, with characters pushing and pulling on each others' motivations. Each scene is set by a player in turn, with their character trying to get something from another. If the petition is granted, the player whose character yielded gets a Drama token; if the petition is refused, the one who was turned down gets the Drama token. In other words, you either get what you want or get a Drama token as consolation prize. Drama tokens can be used to force concessions later, to crash a scene where your character was not invited or, on the contrary, to avoid a scene you are called to, and so forth.
External challenges are resolved using procedural scenes, using three types of Procedural tokens (red, yellow and green) and ordinary playing cards. The Procedural tokens grant a certain number of card draws, and do not replenish until all three have been used (i.e., you won't get another red token until you've used both your yellow and green ones; when you're out, all three replenish.) Procedural scenes are normally resolved with two sides, either GM against one lead PC, or two lead PCs squaring off, and all other PCs either supporting one of the two sides or abstaining.
In addition, there are seven very broad skills (e.g., Talking, Fighting, etc.) and using one of your strong skills versus someone else's middling skill grants an additional redraw, while using a strong skill versus a weak one means automatic success. In practice, of course, creative players always find a way to use their strong skills.
There is some back and forth between the two sides, taking turns describing the results of each action, and a stronger position can allow one side to knock high cards out. However, the truth is that the whole system, with its multiple tokens, unclear descriptions of card draws, and high luck factor just doesn't feel very exciting. It's not horrible, it's certainly workable, and sometimes the cards even cooperate. But most of the time, procedural resolution ends up being rather anticlimactic. This was particularly highlighted for my husband and I recently by the contrast with another card-based resolution system that provided high suspense and interesting tactical options: the Motobushido RPG.
On the other hand, Hillfolk and especially Blood on the Snow provide a number of alternate rules options that we have not had a chance to try. I did use the advice for single-session play contained in these books when I ran "Colony Wars" at a convention, and found it very helpful. But reading the Advanced Procedural Rules presented in appendix in Blood on the Snow got our group somewhat confused.
In short, the tension and pacing supported by the DramaSystem structure, and the drama that resulted, were highly satisfying. However, the mechanical resolution of procedural scenes was lacklustre; in the future, I am likely to either tinker with the mechanics—perhaps using some of the plentiful ideas provided in the two books—or use the structure with a different system altogether. Nevertheless, I greatly enjoyed the games, I would certainly play this again with a suitable group, and I am glad I bought the books.
This is a great game for people who like to think about how a story is constructed and what makes dramatic characters tick, and who enjoy creating a lot of the setting material in-game. You may enjoy this game if you like Primetime Adventures, Fiasco, Universalis, or In A Wicked Age, or if you read Robin D. Laws' Hamlet's Hit Points and found yourself nodding in agreement. It's probably not a good choice for people who prefer richly detailed sourcebooks, procedural action, lots of mechanical options, or dice rolling.
We recently started a DramaSystem campaign set in Kevin Allen Jr.'s "To End All Wars." DramaSystem is system which Robin D. Laws created for his role-playing game Hillfolk last year, with a Kickstarter funding campaign that took off madly and generated dozens of alternate settings or "campaign pitches." I wrote some thoughts on the books a while ago, but I excluded discussion of the system as such because I wanted more play experience with it first.
My replacement Kindle has arrived so I picked up my e-reading list where I had left it off, which included Jess Nevins' Strange Tales of the Century (Evil Hat Productions). This book is just stunning; I suspect the reason we have heard so little about it is that it's overwhelming with goodness.
As publisher Fred Hicks described during the Fate Core Kickstarter funding campaign when STotC became a stretch goal, what was planned to be a 60,000- to 70,000-word resource turned into a 200,000-word tome! The sheer amount of material is staggering and even intimidating when it's time to review the book.
Author Jess Nevins is both an über geek by inclination (I say this with a sense of fellowship!) and a research librarian by profession, so he collects amazing stacks of fascinating resources which he shares generously. I first became acquainted with him and his work when he was creating lavish annotations to comic book series I was fond of, like Alan Moore and Gene Ha's Top Ten, Alan Moore and Kevin O'Neil's League of Extraordinary Gentlemen, etc. Jess would research the rich subtext and allusions, and share his notes online. When he first started publishing some of this material in book form, I was delighted that more people would get access to his clever work.


text:
Central girls basketball takes family approach
Ryan O'Gara
MUNCIE – The most successful teams typically become so close that they're like family.
The Central girls basketball team had a little bit of a head start on the rest of the competition, and it's reflecting in its play.
The Bearcats are vying for a regional title Saturday at Bellmont after they won their second straight sectional title Monday night, and a group of cousins are relishing the chance to do it together – between trips to IHOP, Applebee's and best of all, Grandma Kay's house for "soul food."
Senior Savannah Jackson, juniors Jaylen Montgomery, Ke'Chell Tate and Alayz'a Wright and freshman Hadassah Harris have varying roles on the Bearcats (19-5), but they all are related to at least one other member of the team.
Jackson's mother (Mykael) and Wright's mother (Tameka) are sisters. Their grandfather (Michael) is sisters with Kay – the one whose cooking unites everyone. Tate's grandmother (Rochelle Perkins) and Harris' grandfather (Clyde Harris, Sr.) are brother and sister.
So what's the best part about getting a chance to play with one another?
"We just all have high expectations for each other," Jackson said. "We don't let each other play down to another team's level."
"And the jokes," added Tate.
The group has plenty of those.
Heading into their most important weekend of the season, the Bearcats were extremely loose at practice Thursday. After scrimmaging the boys freshman squad – and doing quite well, by the way – the group couldn't stop laughing when reminiscing about growing up playing together.
Whether it's about playing AAU – "It was bad," they all agreed – or even how the team's name was spelled (Gametyme with a "Y"), there were plenty of giggles.
Central has had plenty to smile about in advance of its game against Tippecanoe Valley as it has won eight straight and 14 of 15. The family atmosphere has been contagious, much to the pleasure of Central coach Lisa Blalock.
"It adds to the chemistry," she said. "I'll often hear, 'Good job cuz!' They're extra happy for that. Honestly, you can feel how they're related but there's no cliques.
"That's why this whole time, I thought some of them were related, and they weren't."
The one Blalock thought is related is the Bearcats' leading scorer, junior Jayla Scaife, who is like an honorary cousin. On the infamous Gametyme AAU team, Scaife's father, Robert, was the coach.
It's easy to see why someone might think there was more than just five Bearcats who are cousins, especially for Scaife.
"Well it's cause we're all just so close," Montgomery said. "We've been playing with her since like third grade, second grade?"
"Since we came out of the womb," Wright answered.
The Bearcats all fill roles behind Scaife, who averages 21.3 points and 12.3 rebounds per game. Tate is the second-leading scorer at just under nine per game, and Harris is fourth at 6.2. That's been especially cool for Tate to see her cousin contribute as a freshman because Tate tore her ACL as a freshman.
"It pushes us to go harder since you're family," Harris said.
Above all, they enjoy playing with each other. They're talking about playing in a pickup tournament for Black History Month together, and the tournament is this Sunday, so it could be while their season is still going. They think their season will still be going, but they still want to play, because that's what they do.
But the possibility of their high school season being over by then isn't something that's crossed their mind.
"We plan to still be still be playing," Wright said. "March 8 is when our season will be over."
Blalock likes the attitude.
"They really have the right mindset going in," she said. "They're very determined and have just worked hard all year long and stayed committed to what we're trying to do. I just think the effort that they give and the way they work together and come together when times get tough says a lot about their character."
Contact high school sports features reporter Ryan O'Gara at (765) 213-5929. Follow him on Twitter @RyanOGaraTSP.


I am loving (!) this picture of a Sugar Cube Collection a member of Arkadia & CO found in a family member's attic. I recognize quite a few of those brands from when I was a kid. I simply love old-school typography!


The module cools down the feed water before entering into the economizer. This ensures a higher flue gas heat utilization and thus increases the efficiency of steam boiler systems.
Cold make-up water is heated up in the feed water cooling module by using the warm feed water in a heat exchanger. As a result of the feed water cooling down, there is a larger temperature difference between the water and flue gas in the economizer. This enables to extract more heat from the flue gas. The firing efficiency is thus enhanced by up to 1.8 %. The feed water control ensures that the water inlet temperature to the boiler is within the permitted range. Additionally, it prevents condensation in the economizer.
The module is delivered installation-ready on a base frame inclusive of all accessories.
The feed water cooling module consists of an insulated plate-type heat exchanger, valves, pipe connection pieces and temperature sensors.


text:
• 20:00 • FOX
The Beginning (S06E01) is the first episode of season six of "The X-Files" released on Sun... More The Beginning (S06E01) is the first episode of season six of "The X-Files" released on Sun Nov 08, 1998. Over 1,273 TV Time users rated it a 9.42/10 with their favorite characters being Gillian Anderson as Dana Scully, David Duchovny as Fox Mulder and William B. Davis as Cigarette Smoking Man.
& 133,086 people watched this episode
Cigarette Smoking...
Walter Skinner
Monica Reyes
Alvin Kursh
Marita Covarrubias
John Doggett
Richard "Ringo" L...
John Byers
Melvin Frohike
Alex Krycek
FBI Assistant Dir...
Agent Einstein
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The Well-Manicure...
Agent Diana Fowley


text:
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "usart.h"

#include "gpio.h"

/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */

/* USER CODE END 0 */

UART_HandleTypeDef huart1;

/* USART1 init function */

void MX_USART1_UART_Init(void)
{

  huart1.Instance = USART1;
  huart1.Init.BaudRate = 38400;
  huart1.Init.WordLength = UART_WORDLENGTH_8B;
  huart1.Init.StopBits = UART_STOPBITS_1;
  huart1.Init.Parity = UART_PARITY_NONE;
  huart1.Init.Mode = UART_MODE_TX_RX;
  huart1.Init.HwFlowCtl = UART_HWCONTROL_NONE;
  huart1.Init.OverSampling = UART_OVERSAMPLING_16;
  huart1.Init.OneBitSampling = UART_ONE_BIT_SAMPLE_DISABLE;
  huart1.AdvancedInit.AdvFeatureInit = UART_ADVFEATURE_NO_INIT;

}

void HAL_UART_MspInit(UART_HandleTypeDef* uartHandle)
{

  GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct;
  if(uartHandle->Instance==USART1)
  {
  /* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_MspInit 0 */

  /* USER CODE END USART1_MspInit 0 */
    /* Peripheral clock enable */
    __HAL_RCC_USART1_CLK_ENABLE();

    /**USART1 GPIO Configuration
    PA2     ------> USART1_TX
    PA3     ------> USART1_RX
    */
    GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_2|GPIO_PIN_3;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_AF_PP;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_PULLUP;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_HIGH;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Alternate = GPIO_AF1_USART1;
    HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);

    /* USART1 interrupt Init */
    HAL_NVIC_SetPriority(USART1_IRQn, 0, 0);
    HAL_NVIC_EnableIRQ(USART1_IRQn);
  /* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_MspInit 1 */

  /* USER CODE END USART1_MspInit 1 */
  }
}

void HAL_UART_MspDeInit(UART_HandleTypeDef* uartHandle)
{

  if(uartHandle->Instance==USART1)
  {
  /* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_MspDeInit 0 */

  /* USER CODE END USART1_MspDeInit 0 */
    /* Peripheral clock disable */
    __HAL_RCC_USART1_CLK_DISABLE();

    /**USART1 GPIO Configuration
    PA2     ------> USART1_TX
    PA3     ------> USART1_RX
    */
    HAL_GPIO_DeInit(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_2|GPIO_PIN_3);

    /* USART1 interrupt Deinit */
    HAL_NVIC_DisableIRQ(USART1_IRQn);
  /* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_MspDeInit 1 */

  /* USER CODE END USART1_MspDeInit 1 */
  }
}

/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */

/* USER CODE END 1 */

/**
  * @}
  */

/**
  * @}
  */

/************************ (C) COPYRIGHT STMicroelectronics *****END OF FILE****/


text:
Memoirs of Benjamin Franklin, Volumen 2
Escrito por Benjamin Franklin
mto two, and I placed the twelve, each having fore and aft, and the sails trimmed according the same obliquity, in a line behind each other, as the wind is more or less against your course. when I perceived a great augmentation in its It seems to me that the management of a velocity, which encouraged me to divide them shallop so rigged would be very easy, the once more, and continuing the same obliquity, sails being run up and down separately, so I placed the twenty-four behind each other in that more or less sail may be made at pleaa line, when the force of the wind being the sure; and I imagine, that there being full as same, and the surface of vane the same, they much sail exposed to the force of the wind moved round with much greater rapidity, and which impels the vessel in its course, as if the perfectly answered my purpose.
whole were in one piece, and the resistance of The second experiment that I propose, is to the dead air against the foreside of the sail take two playing cards of the same dimen- being diminished, the advantage of swiftness sions, and cut one of them transversely into would be very considerable; besides that the eight equal pieces; then with a needle string vessel would lie nearer the wind. them upon two threads one near each end, Since we are on the subject of improveand place them so upon the threads that, when ments in navigation, permit me to detain you hung up, they may be one exactly over the a little longer with a small relative observaother, at a distance equal to their breadth, tion. Being, in one of my voyages, with ten each in a horizontal position; and let a small merchant-ships under convoy of a frigate at weight, such as a bird-shot, be hung under anchor in Torbay, waiting for a wind to go them, to make them fall in a straight line to the westward ; it came fair, but brought when let loose. Suspend also the whole card in with it a considerable swell. A signal was by threads from its four corners, and hang to given for weighing, and we put to sea altogeit an equal weight, so as to draw it down- ther; but three of the ships left their anchors, wards when let fall, its whole breadth press their cables parting just as their anchors came ing against the air. Let those two bodies be a-peak. Our cable held, and we got up our attached, one of them to one end of a thread anchor; but the shocks the ship felt before a yard long, the other to the other end. Ex- the anchor got loose from the ground, made tend a twine under the cieling of a room, and me reflect on what might possibly have causput through it at thirty inches distance two ed the breaking of the other cables ; and I pins bent in the form of fish-hooks. On these imagined it might be the short bending of the two hooks hang the two bodies, the thread cable just without the hause-hole, from a hothat connects them extending parallel to the rizontal to an almost verticle position, and the twine, which thread being cut, they must be sudden violent jerk it receives by the rising gin to fall at the same instant. If they take of the head of the ship on the swell of a wave equal time in falling to the floor, it is a proof while in that position. For example, suppose that the resistance of the air is in both cases a vessel hove up so as to have her head nearly equal. If the whole card requires a longer over her anchor, which still keeps its hold pertime, it shows that the sum of the resistances haps in a tough bottom; if it were calm, the cato the pieces of the cut card is not equal to ble still out would form nearly a perpendicuthe resistance of the whole one.*
lar line, measuring the distance between the This principle so far confirmed, I would hause-hole and the anchor; but if there is a proceed to make a larger experiment, with a swell, her head in the trough of the sea will fall shallop, which I would rig in this manner. below the level, and when lifted on the wave Same plate, Fig. 4.
will be much above it. In the first case the A B is a long boom, from which are hoisted cable will hang loose, and bend perhaps as in seven jibs, a, b, c, d, e, f, g, each a seventh figure 5. In the second case, figure 6, the part of the whole dimensions, and as much cable will be drawn straight with a jerk, must more as will fill the whole space when set in sustain the whole force of the rising ship, and an angle of forty-five degrees, so that they must either loosen the anchor, resist the rising may lap when going before the wind, and force of the ship, or break. But why does it hold more when going large. Thus rigged, break at the hause-hole ? when going right before the wind, the boom Let us suppose it a cable of three inches should be brought at right angles with the diameter, and represented by figure 7. If this keel, by means of the sheet ropes C D, and all cable is to be bent round the corner A, it is the sails hauled flat to the boom.
evident that either the part of the triangle These positions of boom and sails to be va- contained between the letters a, b, c, must ried as the wind quarters. But when the stretch considerably, and those most that are wind is on the beam, or when you would turn nearest the surface; or that the parts between to windward, the boom is to be hauled right d, e, f, must be compressed; or both, which
most probably happens. In this case the low
er half of the thickness affords no strength try this simple experiment at sea, when the proposal of against the jerk, it not being strained, the shore, and succeeded as the other.
upper half bears the whole, and the yarns
* The motion of the vessel made it inconvenient to
near the upper surface being first and most | may arrive at quantities of light wooden work, strained, break first, and the next yarns fol- empty chests, and particularly empty waterlow; for in this bent situation they cannot casks, which if fixed so as not to float thembear the strain altogether, and each contri- selves may help to sustain her. Many bodies butes its strength to the whole, as they do which compose a ship's cargo may be speciwhen the cable is strained in a straight line. fically lighter than water, all these when out
To remedy this, methinks it would be well of water are an additional weight to that of to have a kind of large pulley wheel, fixed in the ship, and she is in proportion pressed the hause-hole, suppose of two feet diameter, deeper into the water ; but as soon as these over which the cable might pass; and being bodies are immersed, they weigh no longer on there bent gradually to the round of the wheel, the ship, but on the contrary, if fixed, they would thereby be more equally strained, and help to support her, in proportion as they are better able to bear the jerk, which may save specifically lighter than the water. And it the anchor, and by that means in the course should be remembered, that the largest body of the voyage to save the ship.
of a ship may be so balanced in the water, One maritime observation more shall finish that an ounce less or more of weight may this letter. I have been a reader of news. leave her at the surface or sink her to the papers now near seventy years, and I think bottom. There are also certain heavy carfew years pass without an account of some goes, that, when the water gets at them, are vessel met with at sea, with no living soul continually dissolving, and thereby lightning on board, and so many feet of water in her the vessel, such as salt and sugar. And as hold, which vessel has nevertheless been say- to water-casks mentioned above, since the ed and brought into port: and when not met quantity of them must be great in shi with at sea, such forsaken vessels have often war where the number of men consunr a come ashore on some coast. The crews, who great deal of water every day, if it had been have taken to their boats and thus abandoned made a constant rule to bung them up as fast such vessels, are sometimes met with and as they were emptied, and to dispose the taken up at sea by other ships, sometimes empty casks in proper situations, I am perreach a coast, and are sometimes never heard suaded that many ships which have been sunk of Those that give an account of quitting in engagements, or have gone down aftertheir vessels generally say, that she sprung a wards, might with the unhappy people have leak, that they pumped for some tim that been saved; as well as many of those which the water continued to rise upon them, and in the last war foundered, and were never that, despairing to save her, they had quitted heard of. While on this topic of sinking, one her lest they should go down with her. It cannot help recollecting the well known seems by the event that this fear was not al- practice of the Chinese, to divide the hold of ways well founded, and I have endeavoured a great ship into a number of separate chamto guess at the reason of the people's too hasty bers by partitions tight caulked (of which you discouragement.
gave a model in your boat upon the Seine) so When a vessel springs a leak near her bot- that if a leak should spring in one of them the tom, the water enters with all the force given others are not effected by it; and though that by the weight of the column of water, without, chamber should fill to a level with the sea, it which force is in proportion to the difference would not be sufficient to sink the vessel.of level between the water without and that we have not imitated this practice. Some within. It enters therefore with more force little disadvantage it might occasion in the at first and in greater quantity, than it can af- stowage is perhaps one reason, though that I terwards when the water within is higher.— think might be more than compensated by an The bottom of the vessel too is narrower, so abatement in the insurance that would be that the same quantity of water coming into reasonable, and by a higher price taken of that narrow part, rises faster than when the passengers, who would rather prefer going in space for it to flow is larger. This helps to such a vessel. But our sea-faring people terrify. But as the quantity entering is less are brave, despise danger, and reject such and less as the surfaces without and within be- precautions of safety, being cowards only come more nearly equal in height, the pumps in one sense, that of fearing to be thought that could not keep the water from rising at afraid. first, might afterwards be able to prevent its I promised to finish my letter with the last rising higher, and the people might have re-observation, but the garrulity of the old man mained on board in safety, without hazarding has got hold of me, and as I may never have themselves in an open boat on the wide ocean. another occasion of writing on this subject, I (Fig. 8.)
think I may as well now, once for all, empty Besides the greater equality in the height my nauticle budget, and give you all the of the two surfaces, there may sometimes be thoughts that have in my various long voyother causes that retard the farther sinking ages occurred to me relating to navigation. I of a leaky vessel. The rising water within am sure that in you they will meet a can
did judge, who will excuse my mistakes on sea almost as easily as a barrel. More bal. account of my good intention.
last by this means becomes necessary, and There are six accidents that may occasion that sinking a vessel deeper in the water octhe loss of ships at sea. We have considered casions more resistance to her going through it. one of them, that of foundering by a leak.- The Bermudian sloops still keep with advanThe other five are, 1. Oversetting by sudden tage to the old spreading form. The islandflaws of wind, or by carrying sail beyond the ers in the great Pacific ocean, though they bearing. 2. Fire by accident or carelessness. have no large ships, are the most expert boat3. A heavy stroke of lightning, making a sailors in the world, navigating that sea safebreach in the ship, or firing the powder. 4. ly with their proas, which they prevent overMeeting and shocking with other ships in the setting by various means. Their sailing proas night. 5. Meeting in the night with islands for this purpose have outriggers, generally of ice.
to windward, above the water, on which, one To that of oversetting, privateers in their or more men are placed, to move occasionally first cruize have, as far as has fallen within further from or nearer to the vessel as the my knowledge or information, been more sub- wind freshens or slackens. But sorne have ject than any other kind of vessels. The dou- their outriggers to leeward, which, resting ble desire of being able to overtake a weaker on the water, port the boat so as to keep flying enemy, or to escape when pursued by a her upright when pressed down by the wind. stronger, has induced the owners to overmast Their boats moved by oars or rather paddles, their cruizers, and to spread too much canvas; are for long voyages, fixed two together by and the great number of men, many of them cross bars of wood that keep them at some not seamen, who being upon deck when a distance from each other, and so render their ship heels suddenly are huddled down to lee- oversetting next to impossible. How far this ward, and increase by their weight the effect may be practicable in larger vessels, we of the wind. This therefore should be more have not yet sufficient experience. I know attended to and guarded against, especially as of but one trial made in Europe, which was the advantage of lofty masts is problematical. about one hundred years since, by Sir Wm. For the upper sails have greater power to Petty. He built a double vessel, to serve as lay a vessel more on her side, which is not the a packet boat between England and Ireland. most advantageous position for going swiftly Her model still exists in the museum of the through the water. And hence it is that ves- Royal Society, where I have seen it. By the sels, which have lost their lofty masts, and accounts we have of her, she answered well been able to make little more sail afterwards the purpose of her construction, making sethan permitted the ship to sail upon an even veral voyages; and though wrecked at last keel, have made so much way, even under by a storm, the misfortune did not appear owjury masts, as to surprise the mariners them- ing to her particular construction, since many selves. But there is besides, something in other vessels of the common form wrecked at the modern form of our ships that seems as if the same time. The advantage of such a calculated expressly to allow their overset- vessel is, that she needs no ballast, therefore ting more easily. The sides of a ship, in- swims either lighter or will carry more goods; stead of spreading out as they formerly did and that passengers are not so much incomin the upper works, are of late years turned moded by her rolling : to which may be added in, so as to make the body nearly round, and that if she is to defend herself by her cannon, more resembling a cask. I do not know what they will probably have more effect, being the advantages of this construction are, ex- kept more generally in a horizontal position, cept that such ships are not easily boarded. than those in common vessels. I think, howTo me it seems a contrivance to have less ever, that it would be an improvement of that room in a ship at nearly the same expense. model, to make the sides which are opposed For it is evident that the same timber and to each other perfectly parallel, though the plank consumed in raising the sides from a other sides are formed as in common, thus, to b, and from d to c, would have raised them figure 10. from a to e, and from d to f, fig. 9. In this The building of a double ship would indeed form all the spaces between e, a, b, and c, d, be more expensive in proportion to her burf, would have been gained, the deck would den; and that perhaps is sufficient to discouhave been larger, the men would have had rage the method. more room to act, and not have stood so thick The accident of fire is generally well in the way of the enemy's shot; and the ves- guarded against by the prudent captain's strict sel, the more she was laid down on her side, orders against smoking between decks, or the more bearing she would meet with, and carrying a candle there out of a lantern. more effectual to support her, as being farther But there is one dangerous practice which frefrom the centre. Whereas in the present quent terrible accidents have not yet been form, her ballast makes the chief part of her sufficient to abolish; that of carrying storebearing, without which she would turn in the spirits to sea in casks. Two large ships, the
VOL. II....3 A
Serapis and the Duke of Athol, one an East- der as savages have improved the art of sail. Indiaman, the other a frigate, have been burnt ing and rowing boats in several points beyond within these two last years, and many lives what we can pretend to. We have no sailingmiserably destroyed, by drawing spirits out of boats equal to the flying proas of the South a cask near a candle. It is high time to make Seas, no rowing or paddling-boat equal to that it a general rule, that all the ship's store of of the Greenlanders for swiftness and safety. spirits should be carried in bottles.
The birch canoes of the North-Americ InThe misfortune by a stroke of lightning dians have also some advantageous properties. I have in my former writings endeavoured to They are so light that two men may carry one show a method of guarding against
, by a chain of them over land, which is capable of carryand pointed rod, extending, when run up, ing a dozen upon the water; and in heeling from above the top of the mast to the sea. they are not so subject to take in water as These instruments are now made and sold at our boats, the sides of which are lowest in the a reasonable price by. Nairne & Co. in London, middle where it is most likely to enter, this and there are several instances of success at- being highest in that part, as in figure 11. tending the use of them. They are kept in The Chinese are an enlightened
people, the a box, and may be ran up and fixed in about most anciently civilized of any existing, and five minutes, on the apparent approach of a their arts are ancient, a presumption in their fathunder gust.
vour: their method of rowing their boats dif. Of the meeting and shocking with other fers from us, the oars being worked either two ships in the night I have known two instances a-stern as we scull, or on the sides with the in voyages between London and America. In same kind of motion, being hung parallel to one both ships arrived though much damaged, the keel on a rail, and always acting in the each reporting their belief that the other must water, not perpendicular to the side as ours have gone to the bottom. In the other, only are, nor lifted out at every stroke, which is a one got to port; the other was never after- loss of time, and the boat in the interval loses wards heard of. These instances happened motion. They see our manner, and we theirs, many years ago, when the commerce between but neither are disposed to learn of or copy the Europe and America was not a tenth part of other. what it is at present, ships of course thinner To the several means of moving boats menscattered, and the chance of meeting propor- tioned above, may be added the singular one tionably less. It has long been the practice lately exhibited at Javelle, on the Seine below to keep a look-out before in the channel, but Paris, where a clumsy boat was moved across at sea it has been neglected. If it is not at that river in three minutes by rowing, not in present thought worth while to take that pre- the water, but in the air, that is, by whirling caution, it will in time become of more con- round a set of windmill vanes fixed to a horisequence; since the number of ships at sea is zontal axis, parallel to the keel, and placed continually augmenting. A drum frequently at the head of the boat. The axis was bent beat, or å bell rung in a dark night, might into an elbow at the end, by the help of which help to prevent such accidents.
it was turned by one man at a time. I saw Islands of ice are frequently seen off the the operation at a distance. The four vanes banks of Newfoundland, by ships going be- appeared to be about five feet long, and pertween North America and Europe. In the haps two and a half wide. The weather day time they are easily avoided, unless in a was calm. The labour appeared to be great very thick fog. I remember two instances of for one man, as the two several times relievships running against them in the night. The ed each other. But the action upon the air first lost her bowspirit
, but received little by the oblique surfaces of the vanes must other damage. The other struck where the have been considerable, as the motion of the warmth of the sea had wasted the ice next to boat appeared tolerably quick going and reit, and a part hung over above. This perhaps turning; and she returned to the same place saved her, for she was under great way; but from whence she first set out, notwithstandthe upper part of the cliff taking her fore- ing the current. This machine is since aptopmast, broke the shock, though it carried plied to the moving of air-balloons: an inaway the mast. She disengaged herself with strument similar may be contrived to move a some difficulty, and got safe into port; but the boat by turning under water. accident shows the possibility of other ships Several mechanical projectors have at dif being wrecked and sunk by striking those vast ferent times proposed to give motion to boats, masses of ice, of which I have seen one that and even to ships, by means of circular rowwe judged to be seventy feet high above the ing, or paddles placed on the circumference water, consequently eight times as much un- of wheels to be turned constantly on each side der water; and it is another reason for keep of the vessel; but this method, though freing a good look-out before, though far from quently tried, has never been found so effecany coast that may threaten danger. tual as to encourage a continuance of the
It is remarkable, that the people we consi- | practice. I do not know that the reason has


A Repipe is a treatment where your existing water lines in a home or a building are upgraded with new ones. All water line fittings, stop valves and supply lines are replaced. this generally results in improved water pressure and greater water quality.
Should I Repipe our house in Hercules?
Many reasons exist for why a person may need to replace the pipes in your home.
Galvanized water pipes can be found in homes built in the 1980's. A galvanized pipe is an iron pipe which is zinc coated for corrosion protection. The fact is that the zinc coating gradually deteriorates over time exposing the iron material, together with oxidation buildup.
Decreased Water Pressure – The key reason why may be the limitation in the water flow a result of rust and corrosion build-up inside of the galvanized pipe.
Rust Colored Water – Rust generally finds it's way into the water fixtures. This indicates an advanced stage of rust in the piping.
Leaking Water Pipes – Leaks are most frequently a result of corrosion of the galvanized pipes. Undetected leaking can develop inside of the walls, in the attic and underneath the home, creating the chances of considerable damage to the home.
This particular plastic pipe was regularly used in the middle of the 70's to mid 90's. At the time it had been reportedly the next technological improvement for plumbing and water fixtures. Polybutylene water pipe systems turned out to be installed in millions of households prior to being judged as highly flawed. Practically 65% of all family homes constructed during this timeframe is still equipped with this variation of water pipe in the house.
Polybutylene water pipes have an exceedingly small life span, since nasty chemicals in everyday city-provided water makes it harden and change into brittle. The fittings normally start leaking first, and afterwards the water line itself.
Polybutylene water lines consist of flexible plastic pipe, gray when for indoor use and black or blue outside. Various fittings are manufactured with metal and plastic. Insert fittings are then used to join sections of polybutylene pipe.
Water meter displays your water is running whether or not your water is turned off.
Uncommonly higher monthly water utility bills.
More confidence when your piping system is protected.
If you hire a plumbing company or other firm to complete the task, it's very likely going to cost you more in the long run when you consider that you will have to employ a drywall repair company to patch over the numerous entry points. When you hire a repipe company which includes a master patcher on staff such as Repipe Specialists, you'll never be required to pay out extra money or time in getting your home back to normal. From start to finish, the PEX and Copper repipe procedure takes only 2 or 3 days.


text:
Mesopotamian Male Worshiper Votive Figure
by Makthorpe
Mesopotamian male worshiper votive figure, 2750-2600 BCE, from Eshnunna, Mesopotamia (modern day Tell Asmar)
Based on Wikipedia content that has been reviewed, edited, and republished. Original image by Makthorpe. Uploaded by Karen Barrett-Wilt, published on 20 June 2014. The copyright holder has published this content under the following license: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike. This license lets others remix, tweak, and build upon a work even for commercial reasons, as long as they credit the author and license their new creations under the identical terms. When republishing on the web a hyperlink back to the original content source URL must be included. Please note that content linked from this page may have different licensing terms.
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Makthorpe, . (2014, June 20). Mesopotamian Male Worshiper Votive Figure. World History Encyclopedia. Retrieved from https://www.worldhistory.org/image/2702/mesopotamian-male-worshiper-votive-figure/
Makthorpe, . "Mesopotamian Male Worshiper Votive Figure." World History Encyclopedia. Last modified June 20, 2014. https://www.worldhistory.org/image/2702/mesopotamian-male-worshiper-votive-figure/.
Makthorpe, . "Mesopotamian Male Worshiper Votive Figure." World History Encyclopedia. World History Encyclopedia, 20 Jun 2014. Web. 28 Jan 2023.