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SIGMUND FREUD IN THE PRESENT-DAY: CONTEMPORARY RESEARCH IN FREUDIAN PSYCHOANALYSIS
Psychoanalysis was established by Sigmund Freud, in 1895. While examining his patients, as a neurologist, Freud realized that many of his patients had neurological symptoms without any organic cause. He came to the conclusion that such symptoms result from inner conflicts that are repressed in the form of traumatic memories and experiences. Resolving those inner conflicts by uncovering the repressed memories into the conscious mind then became the underlying feature of psychoanalysis.
As psychoanalysis evolved, it began to gain popularity but at the same time faced criticisms. Freud's associates like Alfred Adler and Carl Jung parted ways from him due to their disagreements and developed their own forms of psychoanalysis, keeping some of the basic elements the same. Like Adler and Jung, others had different perspectives about psychoanalysis, which became more prominent after the death of Sigmund Freud in 1939.
Despite the many modifications, over the years, classical Freudian psychoanalysis continued to have wide acceptance. It was found to be highly applicable in therapeutic settings as well as in day-to-day life. Psychoanalysis received its immediate expression through the needs of the mentally ill. It was, initially, a clinical-based discipline, and was not academically oriented.
It was due to this that psychoanalysis had a dominant role in psychiatry, as it was found suitable to clinical problems. Till the 1960s, psychoanalytic writings found an almost exclusive position in psychiatry and clinical psychology. It was one of the major reasons for the alarming rise of clinical psychology.
Being clinically oriented, psychoanalysis resulted in huge advances in treatment of mental patients. It was one of the pioneer movements to treat mental patients more humanely. It is, in fact, the first of the five classical schools of psychology to give emphasis to mental illness. It stressed the importance of allowing patients to talk and express themselves. It is, thus, the forerunner of all the current approaches to counselling and psychotherapy.
Even though there has been a decline in the usage of psychoanalytic psychotherapy, psychoanalysis is still considered to be fairly comprehensive. Psychoanalysis has led to the expansion of the domain of psychology. Before psychoanalysis, none of the systems pointed to the importance of studying the relationships among such concepts as the unconscious, infantile experience, and anxiety. Freud's was, in fact, the first comprehensive theory of personality. Psychoanalysis also created a new way of dealing with mental disorders and revolutionized the conceptions of abnormality.
Psychoanalysis, however, has not restricted itself to mental illness. Apart from the understanding of abnormal behavior, psychoanalysis has also led to an understanding of normal behavior. It addresses both normal and abnormal behavior, and demonstrates that the psychological processes underlying both are fundamentally the same. Psychoanalysis has addressed a wide range of topics, apart from mental illness. It has contributed to ground breaking work on humour, marriage, death, friendship, suicide, creativity, competition, forgetfulness, mistakes, importance of culture, society, and war, and many other domains. Sigmund Freud being one of the most frequently cited authors in the psychology and the Division of Psychoanalysis (Division 39) being the sixth largest of all APA Divisions reflects the huge impact that psychoanalysis has had.
Further, psychoanalysis has helped in the generalization of psychology to other fields. By showing the usefulness of psychology in explaining everyday life phenomena such as religion, sports, politics, art, literature, and philosophy, the relevance of psychology has expanded to almost every sector of human existence. Additionally, it also created substantial interest in the field of psychology among other professionals like physicians and philosophers and even the general audience.
Psychoanalysis has also had an enormous influence on art and literature. This has led to literary and artistic expressions interpreted in light of the unconscious of the artist as well as the perceiver. It is for this reason that art is seen as symbolic, something that can be probed for unconscious meanings. The analysis of art is regarded as an extension of psychoanalysis.
One of the reasons for the popularity of psychoanalysis is that it has a strong influence on popular culture, which began immediately after Sigmund Freud's visit to Clark University in 1909. Due to the rising of psychoanalysis, the 20th century saw a loosening of sexual restraints in behavior, arts, literature, and entertainment. It has become widely acceptable that inhibitions or repression of sexual impulses can be harmful. The emphasis of psychoanalysis on sex helped to popularize its ideas.
Even though being highly popular and contributing to the field of psychology in a major way, psychoanalysis has faced major criticisms, especially by the philosopher Karl Popper, regarding falsifiability and scientific validity. Popper, considered to be one of the greatest 20th century's philosopher of science, majorly criticized the methodology used by Freud, which was solely based on clinical case studies and did not adhere to the commitment to the methodology expressed in the systems that were generated by academic research.
In later times, however, there has been a great deal of empirical research on psychoanalytic concepts, trying to give it scientific validity. This research was initiated by Anna Freud, and later carried forward by Heinz Hartmann, George Klein, and Henry Murray. Through their research, they have given empirical evidences of psychoanalytic concepts, which in turn, led to the acceptance of psychoanalysis in mainstream academic psychology.
In more recent times, advances in cognitive psychology and neurosciences have led to findings that are very consistent with Freudian concepts. These findings led a group of cognitive psychologists, neuroscientists, and psychiatrists began a movement and established a society called Neuro-psychoanalysis, which is an integration of Freudian concepts with neuroscience. This movement is often referred to as the second coming of Sigmund Freud.
The person at the forefront of this movement, known as the originator of Neuro-psychoanalysis, is the neuropsychologist Mark Solms. Along with Solms, neuroscientists like Daniel Schacter and Antonio Damasio argue that Freud's conceptions of consciousness are corroborated by contemporary neuroscience. According to Solms, Freudian concepts like the unconscious, repression, and pleasure principles can be supported by neuroscientific research.
Mark Solms
Solms examined patients of brain damage in the light of Freudian concepts. He found that the brain part known as the brain stem is associated with the core conscious also called the state of not being awake. Damage to this region makes the person unconscious. The brain area known as the prefrontal cortex is found to be associated with being aware and the ability to self-reflect. Solms likened these findings in terms of Freud's unconscious (the part of the mind that consists of memories and emotions beyond awareness) and conscious mind (the part of the mind that consists of memories and emotions within awareness).
Proponents of neuro-psychoanalysis also compare the unconscious to the highly studied phenomenon of cognitive psychology referred to as nonconscious mental processing. These are processes that are implicit and have automaticity. Cognitive psychologists refer to such activities as beyond conscious awareness and intentional control.
John Bargh
The social-cognitive psychologist John Bargh, on the basis of a number of studies in cognitive psychology on the phenomenon of nonconscious mental processing concluded that 95 percent of human behavior is determined by these implicit and automatic activities. Psychologists clearly mention that nonconscious cognition may not be similar to Freud's unconscious, but it comes close to it and can be seen consistent with the tip-of-the-iceberg metaphor used by Freud in describing the conscious mind.
Nonconscious cognition may not be exactly the same as the unconscious mind, however, other studies by Solms reflect neuroscientific findings that are similar to specific aspects found in the unconscious.
Sigmund Freud suggested that one of the basic instinctual drives that individuals have is to seek pleasure and immediate gratification, which is guided by one of the structures of personality called the id. Neuroscientific research, by Solms, shows that the pleasure-seeking drives have their neurological origins in two brain structures, namely the brain stem and the limbic system. Further, the neurotransmitter called dopamine is centrally involved in most pleasure seeking behaviors. These findings indicate a neuroscientific basis of the Freudian concept of the id.
Neuroscientific research also identified the brain area of the frontal-limbic system to be associated with inhibition of impulses or impulse regulations. It has been found that when this brain area is damaged, the individual's id-based pleasure seeking impulses increase.
In other words, basically in Freudian terms, the individual behaves as if the ego is not inhibiting the basic drives and that he/she becomes hostile, highly impulsive, and least concerned about social norms. Solms suggests that injuries to the frontal lobe lead to inability of individuals to stay reality bound and they start interpreting and reacting to events through their wishes or basic drives. This, according to Solms, provides a neuroscientific explanation of Freud's concepts of id and ego.
Sigmund Freud's concept of defense mechanisms, especially repression, has been found to have a neuropsychological basis. According to Freud, in repression the unconscious keeps ideas, feelings, and unpleasant or threatening impulses out of consciousness. Neuroscientific research, by Solms, reports cases that explore the areas of the brain that may be implicated in the use and perseverance of defense mechanisms. A number of cases have demonstrated repression of unpalatable information when damage occurs to the right brain hemisphere and, if this damaged region becomes artificially stimulated, the repression goes away; that is, awareness returns. Additionally, these patients frequently rationalize away unwelcome facts by fabricating stories, which is an indication of demonstrating the Freudian wish-fulfilling defense mechanisms.
Apart from research in cognitive and neuroscience, recent research in social cognition has also given empirical evidences for Freudian concepts, especially the phenomenon of transference. Transference refers to holding mental representations of significant others in memory. According to Freud, transference occurs when childhood fantasies and conflicts associated with a parent or significant other are imposed on the psychoanalyst, during a psychotherapeutic session. This takes place outside conscious awareness.
Freud believed that people hold unconscious prototypes of individuals that determine their relationships with other new individuals that they meet. Transference becomes an important phenomenon as it helps the therapist to understand and uncover the conflicts and fantasies of the individual.
Susan Anderson and Adil Saribay have taken this notion and extended it to day-to-day life scenarios, calling it the social-cognitive model of transference, contrasting with the clinical, psychoanalytic phenomenon. According to the social-cognitive model, a significant-other representation gets activated in relation to a new person in similar ways as the transference process, indicating that it is not limited to therapeutic settings, and is not necessarily associated with psychopathology.
A series of experiments have been conducted by researchers in which they deliberately activate significant-other representations. These researches show that people tend to fill in the blanks about a new person based on the knowledge of a significant-other, when that significant-other representation is triggered. Such researches on the social-cognitive model of transference give experimental evidences for the Freudian phenomenon of transference.
Therefore, contemporary research in neuroscience, cognitive psychology, and social cognition provide scientific explanations of many of Freudian concepts. These researches have made classical Freudian psychoanalysis relevant in today's time, not letting it fade away from the realms of psychology.
On one the hand there have been contemporary researches that give evidence for Freudian concepts, and on the other hand there have been a series of recent researches that completely refute Freudian psychoanalysis. Recent research in the areas of memory, consciousness, trauma, and psychotherapy has not just been questioning, but has even provided evidences against phenomena that have shaped the foundation of Freudian psychoanalysis.
The central concept of Freudian psychoanalysis is the phenomenon of repression. Repression refers to the exclusion of painful, traumatic memories or undesirable urges that may have taken place in childhood, from the conscious awareness and pushing them into the unconscious. These lost/repressed memories are said to cause troubles to individuals in adulthood, in the forms of anxiety and other psychological problems. A way to treat these psychological problems, according to Freudian psychoanalysis, is to try to uncover or recover those lost/repressed memories, which is also known as recovered memory therapy.
The idea of treating psychological problems by recovering repressed childhood memories has been a contention of a huge controversy, which originates to the early 1990s, known as the memory wars. Recovered memory therapy has been at the receiving end of heavy criticisms, discrediting the central idea of Freudian psychoanalysis.
One of the leading the persons behind these criticisms is the well-known cognitive psychologist and human memory expert, from the University of California, Irvin, Elizabeth Loftus. Loftus has been involved in research in memory for over 20 years. She has a number of books on memory, including, The Myth of Repressed Memory: False Memories and Allegations of Sexual Abuse.
The work of Loftus on eyewitness testimony has been groundbreaking. Her research showed that eyewitness testimonies are not always accurate and can easily be manipulated by misinformation, giving rise to false memories. She conducted a series of experiments in which she showed that false memories can be implanted in individuals. Similar mechanisms, according to Loftus, can be applied in recovered memory therapy sessions. She came to this conclusion when she investigated cases of a number of parents claiming to be falsely accused of sexually abusing their children.
A large number of women during recovered memory therapy sessions are able to recall specific details of how they were sexually abused by their parents or a close relative. Psychotherapists claim that they are able to uncover traumatic memories of being sexually abused in childhood, helping them to overcome their psychological problems. Loftus completely discredits the idea of repressed memories being recovered, claiming that memory does not function in this manner.
Loftus argues that the memories that are recovered are not accurate - memories are not like video recordings in which every past thought, emotions, and experiences are stored safely and can be recovered easily. Memories are more of reconstructive in nature. This means that past events that are recalled are not in an accurate manner, but are a blend of fact and fiction. The assumption of therapists that memory works as per the video-recorder model and not the reconstructionist model leads to the creation of false memories – memories of events that do not exist.
According to Loftus, it is easy to make someone believe something to be true even if it has not occurred, especially in highly suggestible situations like recovered memory psychotherapeutic sessions. The memories that are recovered are mostly false memories. These false memories are implanted, unknowingly, by overzealous or biased therapists.
The individuals after being in multiple of such recovered memory therapy sessions end up believing things that have not even taken place; they actually start believing that they have had traumatic experiences (sexual abuse in the cases investigated by Loftus) in their childhood. In a number of cases, it has been found that people end up believing that they had experienced paranormal activities such as being abducted by aliens.
Strengthening her claims regarding the notions of repression and recovered memories, Loftus also states that the hippocampus, brain area that plays an important in the formation of memories, is not properly developed in early childhood. Due to this it is impossible that accurate memories are stored for a really long time and retrieved in adulthood. The human brain, therefore, according to Loftus, is incapable of recovering accurate memories from early childhood.
Richard McNally
In the same light as Loftus, Harvard psychologist and expert in trauma research, Richard McNally argues that there is no such thing as repression. In a number of his researches he shows that there is no scientific evidence of repression. On the basis of his research, he further suggests that people actually do not forget their traumatic experiences; they in fact very well remember the traumatic events.
Traumatic events due to being highly emotionally arousing are remembered in a better manner rather than being forgotten. A good example of this is Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), in which people keep getting flashbacks of their past traumatic experiences.
Further, McNally in his researches found that recovered memories are not genuine; they do not correspond to real events; for instance people being able to recall satanic ritualistic abuse or alien abduction. McNally also found that people recall such instances only after undergoing recovered memory procedures.
McNally like Loftus, argues that memory does not operate like a video recorder and that recollections are always reconstructive in nature. Regarding this he found that false memories of emotionally negative events can be implanted in recovered memory procedures.
These researches by Loftus and McNally create serious doubts and completely refute the phenomenon of repression, which is the central concept of Freudian psychoanalysis. They give clear research evidences that disprove the idea of repression.
John Kihlstrom
In contemporary times, one of the biggest critics of Sigmund Freud is the University of California, Berkeley, psychologist John Kihlstrom. Known for his work on consciousness, Kihlstrom has heavily criticized Freud in many of his writings. Kihlstrom states that Sigmund Freud in contemporary times is irrelevant and his ideas are completely obsolete. He argues that from 1950s onwards, with the rise of cognitive-behavioral therapies and empirical approaches to personality, Freud's theories can be considered to be archaic.
According to Kihlstrom, Freud's theory of personality and psychotherapeutic techniques are completely dead as many of his ideas such as the psychosexual stages, Oedipus complex, or childhood origins of adult personality have no empirical evidence. He also argues that there is no empirical evidence that psychoanalytic psychotherapy is more effective than any of the behavioristic and cognitive therapies.
Kihlstrom further states that there is no scientific evidence of the Freudian concepts of the unconscious and repression, which play a central role in Freudian psychoanalysis. He argues that the discovery of cognitive unconscious or nonconscious (mentioned above) and that the concept of automaticity (automatic processes) cannot be considered as evidences of Freudian unconscious.
Automatic processes are unintentional, involuntary, effortless, consume little or no attentional capacity, and take place outside conscious awareness. Processes like implicit memory (any effect of a past event on an individual's thoughts, actions, and experiences, without any conscious reflection of that event), implicit perception (influence of an event without conscious perception of that event), implicit learning (acquiring of knowledge without conscious awareness of what has been learnt) are included in automatic processes. Such processes have been found to generate conscious mental contents like percepts, memory, feelings, and desires.
These automatic processes are certainly unconscious and play an important role in conscious activities, and have been proven experimentally. But Kihlstrom argues that they cannot be considered as evidence for Freud's unconscious. The automatic processes, Kihlstrom states are very different from Freud's unconscious, which is represented by repressed contents like childhood trauma, emotional conflict, and sexual and aggressive urges.
Like Loftus and McNally, Kihlstrom completely discredits the phenomenon of repression. He also states that there is no scientific evidence of repression. He argues that experiments that claim to be evidences of repression do not involve any unconscious processes, and are simply evidences of suppression. As per Kihlstrom, the concept of repression is a clinical myth. Kilhstrom also states that Freud at best can be seen as a historical figure and is relevant only as a writer in the fields of language and literature, but has no relevance in psychology, in contemporary times.
The enormous impact that Sigmund Freud has had is undeniable. However, there is always the question of the relevance of Freudian concepts in the present-day. Advances in cognitive and neurosciences giving rise to the society called Neuro-psychoanalysis led by Mark Solms and research in social cognition by Susan Anderson and associates not only give cognitive and neuroscientific explanations of Freudian concepts, but even widen the scope of Freudian psychoanalysis.
In contrast, contemporary research in memory, trauma, consciousness, and psychotherapy give a different picture. Psychologists like Elizabeth Loftus, Richard McNally, and John Kihlstrom with their research completely discredit and refute the central concepts of Freudian psychoanalysis, suggesting that psychology in the present-day can do away with Sigmund Freud and his ideas.
Posted by Saif Farooqi at 10:29 AM
Labels: Abnormal Psychology, Clinical Psychology, Cognitive Psychology, Physiological Psychology/Neuropsychology, Psychoanalytic Psychology


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Stock futures rise slightly after strong start to September
A woman rides past the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) on July 13, 2020 at Wall Street in New York City.
Johannes Eisele | Getty Images
U.S. stock futures ticked slightly higher on Tuesday evening following a strong start to September for the market.
Futures for the Nasdaq 100 rose by about 0.5%, while futures for the Dow and S&P 500 climbed about 0.3%. Major tech stocks such as Apple, Amazon and Microsoft posted slight gains in extended trading as well.
The major U.S. indexes all rose during Tuesday's regular session, with the Dow Jones Industrial Average and the Nasdaq Composite closing at record highs. The S&P 500 rose 0.75%, which was its best first trading day of September since 2010, according to Bespoke Investment Group.
Tuesday's rally came after a banner month for the markets, with the Dow and S&P 500 both rising at least 7% to notch their best August in more than 30 years. The Nasdaq outperformed both of them, gaining 9.59% for the month.
Morgan Stanley Chief U.S. Equity Strategist Mike Wilson said on "Closing Bell" that he was still optimistic about the market long-term but that weakness in the weeks ahead was on the table after such a strong rally.
"I remain very constructive over the next 12 months," Mike Wilson said. "I think we're a little bit over cooked … It's impossible to try to time these types of corrections," Wilson said. "It would not surprise me if we got a 10% correction, but it wouldn't be surprised if we didn't, either. We're in a bull market."
In Washington, Congressional leaders appear to be far apart in negotiations for another relief package, but the Trump Administration announced on Tuesday evening that the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention would invoke its authority to halt evictions through the end of the year.
The move in futures also followed conflicting news in the fight against the coronavirus, with Swiss pharmaceutical firm Roche announcing that it would launch a new rapid antigen test in Europe by the end of the month. The company said it would apply for an emergency use authorization from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
However, an expert panel convened by the U.S. National Institute of Health said that a plasma treatment touted by President Trump and FDA head Stephen Hahn does not appear to be effective against Covid-19 based on current research.
New data on auto sales pointed to a continued economic recovery, with Autodata saying the pace of sales for August coming in at just over 15 million. The reading was down 11% year-over-year but was the highest rate since February.
Investors will be watching the ADP payroll data on Wednesday morning, one of the last reads on the labor market before the official August jobs report is released on Friday.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
package captain // import "github.com/harbur/captain/captain"

import (
	"testing"

	"github.com/harbur/captain/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
)

func TestColorCodes(t *testing.T) {
	assert.Equal(t, "\x1b[32mhello\x1b[0m", colorInfo("hello"), "they should be equal")
	assert.Equal(t, "\x1b[33mhello\x1b[0m", colorWarn("hello"), "they should be equal")
	assert.Equal(t, "\x1b[31mhello\x1b[0m", colorErr("hello"), "they should be equal")
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Dr Lunlun Zou is an internationally acclaimed Guzheng virtuoso. She regularly holds concerts at prestigious venues worldwide, but she is also enthusiastic in performing for charities. Despite her global fame and success, Dr Zou is dedicated to educating young people in Hong Kong and in various parts of the world, striving to passing on the art of Guzheng and Chinese culture to the next generation. Dr Zou was the first instrumentalist to receive the World Outstanding Chinese Artist Award in 2015.


There have been some requests from friends to inform them of my investment holdings and investments decisions I make. So, here it is. Hope this could help in some ways in your investment decisions and do feel free to provide feedback to me so that it could help improve my trades as well. Thanks.
Going to hold this for rather long-term until I see signs of negative turnaround for the glove industry such as supply glut, rising costs of energy/latexx, weakening USD and whether these factors can be passed on to customers. Supply glut might happen probably in another 2 years or more according to Stanley Thai. PER remains reasonable at 9.8x and 8.7x for 2010 and 2011 respectively, a huge discount to Top Glove which is trading at PE of 14.7x and 13.5x for 2010 and 2011 respectively. Earnings growth for 2011 is OK at 12.5%. The recent bonus shares (1 bonus share for 4 existing shares held) could further boost liquidity of the shares (They are already very liquid) as shares are cheaper with more shares in the market. Still like glove industry which is resilient and recession proof. Click here for more info.
The stock remains very cheap at PE of 7.4x and 6.4x for 2010 and 2011 respectively, which is at a huge discount of 50% as compared to its peers like Mudajaya, IJM, WCT or Gamuda. The company is poised to post record earnings this year coupled with huge project tenders of RM16bil with expected success rate of 10-15%. It is even cheaper than HSL or Naim which only concentrate in Sarawak and depend more on government projects whereas Sunway's orderbook is more diversified from Malaysia and government projects (Fear of overseas ventures being riskier???). It is also supported by project development and quarry business segments. Earnings growth at 15% in 2011 with strong orderbook of RM2.8bil which could last them comfortably for the next two years. Click here for more info.
This stock is about growth, high margins and strong shareholders. PE of 9.35x and 7.3x for 2010 and 2011 respectively. Earnings growth expected to be more than 25-30% over the next 5 years (If I can recall, this figure came from the CEO himself). Nikon is a substantial shareholder of about 9%. Global electronics/semiconductor sector is thriving, driven by greater usage of digital devices. With more usage of laptops, game consoles (X-box, PS3), IPAD (more tablets coming from HP and Blackberry?), demand for HDDs continues to be strong. Click here for more info.
Smaller glove manufacturer, PE of 9.4x and 7.4x for 2010 and 2011 respectively. Earnings growth expected to be strong at 27% for 2011. Stock price is cheaper which allows investors to hold more shares. Better than Adventa for now due to Adventa's hiccups in its latest quarterly results and delay in production expansion.
1. Coastal Contracts (RM2.35): Cheap valuation and high earnings growth but looks riskier for this current market (Dependent on contracts, too narrowed to O&G sector, share trading cold, costs dependent on steel prices, reliability of subcontractors). Might consider going in again when sentiments are better and shares are more liquid/volatile. Click here for more info.
2. Eng Teknologi (RM2.55): Cheap valuation, PE around 4x (unbelievably low, wonder why?). Expansion plans? Earnings growth expected to be little. Will research more.
3. APM (RM3.90): PE still below 10x. Potential to go higher. Tan Chong, MBM, Proton have moved up after the recent selldown except for this counter.
4. Dufu (RM0.54): Nobody's playing. Shares are too cold. PE exceedingly low at less than 4x. Customers too concentrated on 3 players i.e. Western Digital, Seagate and Hitachi Global Storage. Share performance is soft like tauhu :p Click here for more info.
5. Naim (RM3.00): Beneficiary of Sarawak projects. Click here for more info.
Thanks for the figures. I'm also thinking of trading binary options online and hope it will work.
It is certainly profitable to invest in the current worth of Supermax and Latexx. Acquiring shares from both promotes equital market leads.


text:
The 2022–23 Harvard Crimson men's basketball team represented Harvard University in the 2022–23 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Crimson, led by 15th-year head coach Tommy Amaker, played their home games at the Lavietes Pavilion in Boston, Massachusetts as members of the Ivy League.

Previous season
The Crimson finished the 2021–22 season 13–13, 5–9 in Ivy League play to finish in a tie for sixth place. They failed to qualify for the Ivy League tournament, as only the top 4 teams qualify.

Roster

Schedule and results

|-
!colspan=12 style=| Non-conference regular season

|-
!colspan=9 style=| Ivy League regular season

Sources

References

Harvard Crimson men's basketball seasons
Harvard Crimson
Harvard Crimson men's basketball
Harvard Crimson men's basketball
Harvard Crimson men's basketball
Harvard Crimson men's basketball

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


^ Enroth, Ron: "Dysfunctional Churches"
It is common practice for churchgoers in American society to refer to their own congregation as their �church family.� Students away at college make reference to their �home church.� Church people sing hymns about being part of �the family of God.� Parents often employ family imagery to convey spiritual content to their children.
Farfetched? Not if my own research of the past few years has any validity at all. Sadly, spiritual and pastoral abuse is more prevalent than most people believe. Like child abuse, it often goes undetected, or else it is strongly denied. Spiritual abuse is inflicted by persons who are accorded respect and honor in society by virtue of their positions of religious authority and leadership. When such leaders violate the sacred trust they have been given, when they abuse their authority, and when they misuse their ecclesiastical office to control their congregations, the results can be catastrophic.
What are the hallmarks of unhealthy, aberrant churches? The key indicator is control‑oriented leadership, ministers who have a need to �lord it over the flock.� Abusive leaders demand submission and unquestioning loyalty. The person who raises uncomfortable questions or does not �get with the program� is cast aside. Guilt, fear, and intimidation are used to manipulate and control vulnerable members, especially those who have been taught to believe that questioning their pastor is comparable to questioning God.
Why does a pastor or priest sometimes turn into a spiritual tyrant? I believe it is because of the human desire to control others and to exercise power over people. Each of us has been exposed to the temptation of power, whether in the role of spouse, teacher, or parent. An excessive will to power, coupled with sincere religious motives, can lead to the misuse of spiritual authority.
More than any other age group, young adults are attracted to abusive churches, their seemingly dynamic programs, and their �take charge� leaders. Such churches often target young couples during the crucial child‑bearing years. As a result, the energy needed by these young couples for legitimate family interaction is siphoned off into a high intensity cause. Family obligations are sacrificed, and children�s developmental needs are neglected.
How can we recognize a healthy church? In addition to matters of appropriate doctrine, a healthy church is reconciling and restorative, not adversarial and elitist. Members of healthy churches seek to deepen and strengthen their family commitments. Legitimate leaders will welcome dissent and hard questions from members without threat of reprisal. Trustworthy leaders will encourage accountability, and they will establish checks and balances.
Choose a church carefully and prayerfully. Remember, not all religion is benign, and not all church experience is beneficial.


Cover Wipes are a whole new level of spa care convenience from Leisure Time, these innovative wipes clean and condition a vinyl spa cover in one simple step.
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Cover Wipes are specially formulated UV blockers provide maximum protection from the damaging rays of the sun -- extending the life of your spa!
Remove debris and hose off cover if soiled. For best results start with a dry cover.
Remove wipe from container and replace flap.
Thoroughly wipe cover with a fresh towel-ette. Allow to air dry.
Dispose of dirty wipe after use.
Works great on simulated wood spa skirts.
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December 30, 2016 E-mail this page to a friend!
The New Year's Eve's racing program on Saturday, December 31, sends 2016 out with a bang as three Thoroughbred and two Quarter Horse stakes are featured at Turf Paradise.
The early Daily Double features two Quarter Horse Stakes, the $20,187 ASQA Futurity, for 2-year-olds at 400 yards and the $17,500 Quarter Horse Championship, for 3-year-olds and older at 440 yards.
The first of the Thoroughbred stakes is the $22,000 Last Chance Derby, for 3-year-olds at 1-1/16 miles. Then there's the $30,000 Arizona Juvenile Fillies Stakes, for 2-year-old fillies, at 6½ furlongs. And finally the $30,000 Lost in the Fog Stakes, for 2-year-olds, also at 6½ furlongs.
Yo Y Me's assignment is tougher this time as a field of 11 line up as the son of Dixie Chatter breaks from the rail.


With customiz-able shipments and two membership levels to choose from, we hope you will feel like part of the family. Join as a KING and receive two shipments (once in the spring, once in the fall) of 12 bottles. As a member of the CUB club, you will receive 6 bottles biannually (spring/fall).
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Homology of pseudodifferential operators on manifolds with fibered cusps
Authors: Robert Lauter and Sergiu Moroianu
Journal: Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 355 (2003), 3009-3046
MSC (2000): Primary 58J42, 58J20
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1090/S0002-9947-03-03294-X
Published electronically: April 24, 2003
MathSciNet review: 1974673
Abstract | References | Similar Articles | Additional Information
Abstract: The Hochschild homology of the algebra of pseudodifferential operators on a manifold with fibered cusps, introduced by Mazzeo and Melrose, is studied and computed using the approach of Brylinski and Getzler. One of the main technical tools is a new convergence criterion for tri-filtered half-plane spectral sequences. Using trace-like functionals that generate the -dimensional Hochschild cohomology groups, the index of a fully elliptic fibered cusp operator is expressed as the sum of a local contribution of Atiyah-Singer type and a global term on the boundary. We announce a result relating this boundary term to the adiabatic limit of the eta invariant in a particular case.
References [Enhancements On Off] (What's this?)
1. B. Ammann, R. Lauter, V. Nistor, and A. Vasy. Complex powers and non-compact manifolds, math.OA/0211305, preprint, November 2002.
2. M. Benameur and V. Nistor, Homology of complete symbols and noncommutative geometry, Landsman, N. P. (ed.) et al., Quantization of singular symplectic quotients, Basel, Birkhäuser. Prog. Math. 198 (2001), 21-46.
3. J.-L. Brylinski, A differential complex for Poisson manifolds, J. Differential Geometry 28 (1988), 93-114. MR 89m:58006
4. J.-L. Brylinski and E. Getzler, The homology of algebras of pseudodifferential operators and the noncommutative residue, -Theory 1 (1987), 385-403. MR 89j:58135
5. B. Bucicovschi, An extension of the work of V. Guillemin on complex powers and zeta functions of elliptic pseudodifferential operators, Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 127 (1999), 3081-3090. MR 2000a:58085
6. A. Connes, Noncommutative Geometry, Academic Press, New York - London (1994). MR 95j:46063
7. A. Connes, Gravity coupled with matter and the foundation of non-commutative geometry, Comm. Math. Phys. 182 (1996), 155-176. MR 98f:58024
8. H. O. Cordes, On a class of -algebras, Math. Annalen 170 (1967), 283-313. MR 35:749
9. Yu. V. Egorov and B.-W. Schulze, Pseudodifferential operators, Singularities, Applications, volume 93 of Operator Theory and Applications. Birkäuser, Basel (1997). MR 98e:35181
10. C. L. Epstein, R. B. Melrose, and G. A. Mendoza, Resolvent of the Laplacian on strictly pseudoconvex domains, Acta Math. 167 (1991), 1-106. MR 92i:32016
11. B. Gramsch. Relative Inversion in der Störungstheorie von Operatoren und -Algebren, Math. Annalen 269 (1984), 27-71. MR 86j:47065
12. V. Guillemin, A new proof of Weyl's formula on the asymptotic distribution of eigenvalues, Adv. in Math. 55 (1985), 131-160. MR 86i:58135
13. R. Lauter and S. Moroianu. An index formula on manifolds with fibered cusp ends, preprint, 2002.
14. R. Lauter and S. Moroianu, Homology of pseudo-differential operators on manifolds with fibered boundaries, Journal Reine Angew. Math. 547 (2002), 207-234.
15. R. Lauter and S. Moroianu, The index of cusp operators on manifolds with corners, Ann. Global Anal. Geom. 21, nr. 1 (2002), 31-49. MR 2003e:58033
16. R. Lauter and S. Moroianu, On the index formula of Melrose and Nistor. Preprint Nr. 3, IMAR, Bucharest, March 2000.
17. R. Lauter and S. Moroianu, Fredholm theory for degenerate pseudodifferential operators on manifolds with fibered boundaries, Comm. Partial Differential Equations 26 (2001), 233-283. MR 2002e:58052
18. R. Lauter and V. Nistor, Analysis of geometric operators on open manifolds: a groupoid approach, In N.P. Landsman, M. Pflaum, and M. Schlichenmaier, ed., Quantization of Singular Symplectic Quotients, vol. 198 of Progress in Mathematics, pp. 181-229. Birkhäuser, Basel - Boston - Berlin, 2001.
19. M. Lesch and M. J. Pflaum, Traces on algebras of parameter dependent pseudodifferential operators and the eta-invariant, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 352 (2000), 4911-4936. MR 2001b:58042
20. J.-L. Loday, Cyclic homology, volume 301 of Grundlehren der Mathematischen Wissenschaften, Springer-Verlag, Berlin - Heidelberg - New York (1992). MR 94a:19004
21. F. Mantlik, Norm closure and extension of the symbolic calculus for the cone algebra, Ann. Global Anal. and Geometry 13 (1995), 339-376. MR 97a:58183
22. R. R. Mazzeo, Elliptic theory of differential edge operators I, Comm. Partial Differential Equations 16 (1991), 1615-1664. MR 93d:58152
23. R. R. Mazzeo and R. B. Melrose, Pseudodifferential operators on manifolds with fibred boundaries, Asian J. Math. 2 (1998), 833-866. MR 2000m:58046
24. J. McCleary, User's guide to spectral sequences, volume 12 of Mathematical Lecture Series, Publish or Perish, Wilmington (1985). MR 87f:55014
25. R. B. Melrose, Analysis on manifolds with corners, in preparation.
26. R. B. Melrose, Pseudodifferential operators, corners and singular limits, In Proceeding of the International Congress of Mathematicians, Kyoto, Springer-Verlag, Berlin - Heidelberg - New York (1990), 217-234. MR 93j:58131
27. R. B. Melrose, The Atiyah-Patodi-Singer index theorem, volume 4 of Research Notes in Mathematics, A. K. Peters, Wellesley, Massachusetts (1993). MR 96g:58180
28. R. B. Melrose, Spectral and scattering theory for the Laplacian on asymptotically Euclidean space, In M. Ikawa (ed.), Spectral and Scattering Theory, volume 162 of Lecture Notes in Pure and Applied Mathematics, pages 85-130, New York, 1994. Marcel Dekker Inc. Proceedings of the Taniguchi International Workshop held in Sanda, November 1992. MR 95k:58168
29. R. B. Melrose, The eta invariant and families of pseudodifferential operators, Math. Res. Letters 2 (1995), 541-561. MR 96h:58169
30. R. B. Melrose, Geometric scattering theory, Cambridge University Press, 1995. MR 96k:35129
31. R. B. Melrose, Fibrations, compactifications and algebras of pseudodifferential operators, In L. Hörmander and A. Mellin, editors, Partial Differential Equations and Mathematical Physics, Birkhäuser, Boston, 1996, 246-261. MR 98j:58117
32. R. B. Melrose, Geometric optics and the bottom of the spectrum, In F. Colombini and N. Lerner, editors, Geometrical optics and related topics, volume 32 of Progress in nonlinear differential equations and their applications, Birkhäuser, Basel - Boston - Berlin (1997).
33. R. B. Melrose and V. Nistor, Higher index and -invariants for suspended algebras of pseudodifferential operators, unfinished manuscript.
34. R. B. Melrose and V. Nistor, Homology of pseudodifferential operators I. Manifolds with boundary, to appear in Amer. Math. J., Preprint, May 1996.
35. S. Moroianu, Higher residues on the algebra of adiabatic pseudodifferential operators, Ph.D. thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts (1999).
36. W. Müller, Manifolds with cusps of rank one. Spectral theory and -index theorem, Lecture Notes in Mathematics 1244, Springer-Verlag, Berlin (1987). MR 89g:58196
37. R. Nest and E. Schrohe, Hochschild homology of Boutet de Monvel's algebra, in preparation.
38. T. M. W. Nye and M. A. Singer, An -index theorem for Dirac operators on , J. Funct. Anal. 177 (2000), 203-218. MR 2002a:58020
39. V. Nistor, Groupoids and the integration of Lie algebroids, J. Math. Soc. Japan 52 (2000), 847-868. MR 2002e:58035
40. S. Rempel and B.-W. Schulze, Complete Mellin and Green symbolic calculus in spaces with conormal asymptotics, Ann. Global Anal. Geometry 4 (1986), 137-224. MR 89f:58132
41. C. E. Rickart, Banach algebras with an adjoint operation, Ann. Math. 47 (1946), 528-550. MR 8:159b
42. B. Vaillant, Index- and spectral theory for manifolds with generalized fibered cusps, Ph.D. thesis, University of Bonn (2001).
43. M. Wodzicki, Cyclic homology of differential operators, Duke Math. J. 54 (1987), 641-647. MR 88k:32035
44. M. Wodzicki, Noncommutative residue. I. Fundamentals, In -theory, arithmetic and geometry (Moscow, 1984-1986), Springer, Berlin (1987), 320-399. MR 90a:58175
45. M. Wodzicki, Cyclic homology of pseudodifferential operators and noncommutative Euler class, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris Sér. I Math. 306 (1988), 321-325. MR 89h:58189
46. J. Wunsch, Propagation of singularities and growth for Schrödinger operators, Duke Math. J. 98 (1999), 137-186. MR 2000h:58054
B. Ammann, R. Lauter, V. Nistor, and A. Vasy. Complex powers and non-compact manifolds, math.OA/0211305, preprint, November 2002.
M. Benameur and V. Nistor, Homology of complete symbols and noncommutative geometry, Landsman, N. P. (ed.) et al., Quantization of singular symplectic quotients, Basel, Birkhäuser. Prog. Math. 198 (2001), 21-46.
J.-L. Brylinski, A differential complex for Poisson manifolds, J. Differential Geometry 28 (1988), 93-114. MR 89m:58006
J.-L. Brylinski and E. Getzler, The homology of algebras of pseudodifferential operators and the noncommutative residue, -Theory 1 (1987), 385-403. MR 89j:58135
B. Bucicovschi, An extension of the work of V. Guillemin on complex powers and zeta functions of elliptic pseudodifferential operators, Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 127 (1999), 3081-3090. MR 2000a:58085
A. Connes, Noncommutative Geometry, Academic Press, New York - London (1994). MR 95j:46063
A. Connes, Gravity coupled with matter and the foundation of non-commutative geometry, Comm. Math. Phys. 182 (1996), 155-176. MR 98f:58024
H. O. Cordes, On a class of -algebras, Math. Annalen 170 (1967), 283-313. MR 35:749
Yu. V. Egorov and B.-W. Schulze, Pseudodifferential operators, Singularities, Applications, volume 93 of Operator Theory and Applications. Birkäuser, Basel (1997). MR 98e:35181
C. L. Epstein, R. B. Melrose, and G. A. Mendoza, Resolvent of the Laplacian on strictly pseudoconvex domains, Acta Math. 167 (1991), 1-106. MR 92i:32016
B. Gramsch. Relative Inversion in der Störungstheorie von Operatoren und -Algebren, Math. Annalen 269 (1984), 27-71. MR 86j:47065
V. Guillemin, A new proof of Weyl's formula on the asymptotic distribution of eigenvalues, Adv. in Math. 55 (1985), 131-160. MR 86i:58135
R. Lauter and S. Moroianu. An index formula on manifolds with fibered cusp ends, preprint, 2002.
R. Lauter and S. Moroianu, Homology of pseudo-differential operators on manifolds with fibered boundaries, Journal Reine Angew. Math. 547 (2002), 207-234.
R. Lauter and S. Moroianu, The index of cusp operators on manifolds with corners, Ann. Global Anal. Geom. 21, nr. 1 (2002), 31-49. MR 2003e:58033
R. Lauter and S. Moroianu, On the index formula of Melrose and Nistor. Preprint Nr. 3, IMAR, Bucharest, March 2000.
R. Lauter and S. Moroianu, Fredholm theory for degenerate pseudodifferential operators on manifolds with fibered boundaries, Comm. Partial Differential Equations 26 (2001), 233-283. MR 2002e:58052
R. Lauter and V. Nistor, Analysis of geometric operators on open manifolds: a groupoid approach, In N.P. Landsman, M. Pflaum, and M. Schlichenmaier, ed., Quantization of Singular Symplectic Quotients, vol. 198 of Progress in Mathematics, pp. 181-229. Birkhäuser, Basel - Boston - Berlin, 2001.
M. Lesch and M. J. Pflaum, Traces on algebras of parameter dependent pseudodifferential operators and the eta-invariant, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 352 (2000), 4911-4936. MR 2001b:58042
J.-L. Loday, Cyclic homology, volume 301 of Grundlehren der Mathematischen Wissenschaften, Springer-Verlag, Berlin - Heidelberg - New York (1992). MR 94a:19004
F. Mantlik, Norm closure and extension of the symbolic calculus for the cone algebra, Ann. Global Anal. and Geometry 13 (1995), 339-376. MR 97a:58183
R. R. Mazzeo, Elliptic theory of differential edge operators I, Comm. Partial Differential Equations 16 (1991), 1615-1664. MR 93d:58152
R. R. Mazzeo and R. B. Melrose, Pseudodifferential operators on manifolds with fibred boundaries, Asian J. Math. 2 (1998), 833-866. MR 2000m:58046
J. McCleary, User's guide to spectral sequences, volume 12 of Mathematical Lecture Series, Publish or Perish, Wilmington (1985). MR 87f:55014
R. B. Melrose, Analysis on manifolds with corners, in preparation.
R. B. Melrose, Pseudodifferential operators, corners and singular limits, In Proceeding of the International Congress of Mathematicians, Kyoto, Springer-Verlag, Berlin - Heidelberg - New York (1990), 217-234. MR 93j:58131
R. B. Melrose, The Atiyah-Patodi-Singer index theorem, volume 4 of Research Notes in Mathematics, A. K. Peters, Wellesley, Massachusetts (1993). MR 96g:58180
R. B. Melrose, Spectral and scattering theory for the Laplacian on asymptotically Euclidean space, In M. Ikawa (ed.), Spectral and Scattering Theory, volume 162 of Lecture Notes in Pure and Applied Mathematics, pages 85-130, New York, 1994. Marcel Dekker Inc. Proceedings of the Taniguchi International Workshop held in Sanda, November 1992. MR 95k:58168
R. B. Melrose, The eta invariant and families of pseudodifferential operators, Math. Res. Letters 2 (1995), 541-561. MR 96h:58169
R. B. Melrose, Geometric scattering theory, Cambridge University Press, 1995. MR 96k:35129
R. B. Melrose, Fibrations, compactifications and algebras of pseudodifferential operators, In L. Hörmander and A. Mellin, editors, Partial Differential Equations and Mathematical Physics, Birkhäuser, Boston, 1996, 246-261. MR 98j:58117
R. B. Melrose, Geometric optics and the bottom of the spectrum, In F. Colombini and N. Lerner, editors, Geometrical optics and related topics, volume 32 of Progress in nonlinear differential equations and their applications, Birkhäuser, Basel - Boston - Berlin (1997).
R. B. Melrose and V. Nistor, Higher index and -invariants for suspended algebras of pseudodifferential operators, unfinished manuscript.
R. B. Melrose and V. Nistor, Homology of pseudodifferential operators I. Manifolds with boundary, to appear in Amer. Math. J., Preprint, May 1996.
S. Moroianu, Higher residues on the algebra of adiabatic pseudodifferential operators, Ph.D. thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts (1999).
W. Müller, Manifolds with cusps of rank one. Spectral theory and -index theorem, Lecture Notes in Mathematics 1244, Springer-Verlag, Berlin (1987). MR 89g:58196
R. Nest and E. Schrohe, Hochschild homology of Boutet de Monvel's algebra, in preparation.
T. M. W. Nye and M. A. Singer, An -index theorem for Dirac operators on , J. Funct. Anal. 177 (2000), 203-218. MR 2002a:58020
V. Nistor, Groupoids and the integration of Lie algebroids, J. Math. Soc. Japan 52 (2000), 847-868. MR 2002e:58035
S. Rempel and B.-W. Schulze, Complete Mellin and Green symbolic calculus in spaces with conormal asymptotics, Ann. Global Anal. Geometry 4 (1986), 137-224. MR 89f:58132
C. E. Rickart, Banach algebras with an adjoint operation, Ann. Math. 47 (1946), 528-550. MR 8:159b
B. Vaillant, Index- and spectral theory for manifolds with generalized fibered cusps, Ph.D. thesis, University of Bonn (2001).
M. Wodzicki, Cyclic homology of differential operators, Duke Math. J. 54 (1987), 641-647. MR 88k:32035
M. Wodzicki, Noncommutative residue. I. Fundamentals, In -theory, arithmetic and geometry (Moscow, 1984-1986), Springer, Berlin (1987), 320-399. MR 90a:58175
M. Wodzicki, Cyclic homology of pseudodifferential operators and noncommutative Euler class, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris Sér. I Math. 306 (1988), 321-325. MR 89h:58189
J. Wunsch, Propagation of singularities and growth for Schrödinger operators, Duke Math. J. 98 (1999), 137-186. MR 2000h:58054
Retrieve articles in Transactions of the American Mathematical Society with MSC (2000): 58J42, 58J20
Retrieve articles in all journals with MSC (2000): 58J42, 58J20
Robert Lauter
Affiliation: Fachbereich 17 - Mathematik, Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
Email: lauter@mathematik.uni-mainz.de
Sergiu Moroianu
Affiliation: Institutul de Matematică al Academiei Române, P.O. Box 1-764, RO-70700 Bucharest, Romania
Email: moroianu@alum.mit.edu
Received by editor(s): July 15, 2002
Received by editor(s) in revised form: January 16, 2003
Additional Notes: Moroianu was partially supported by a DFG-grant (436-RUM 17/7/01) and by the European Commission RTN HPRN-CT-1999-00118 Geometric Analysis.
Article copyright: © Copyright 2003 American Mathematical Society
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text:
A Cup o' Conscious Capitalism
"We wanted to start something that combined coffee and philanthropy," says Suzanne Bernal, General Manager of Axum Coffee in Winter Garden. From the day the first shop opened in 2010, she says the intent has always been to give away 100 percent of net profits. "The owner doesn't make a dime," Suzanne says of her friend, Renaut van der Riet, a full-time pastor uninvolved with the shop's day-to-day operations. "Anything left over goes to charity."
So far throughout the start-up stage, much of the company's donations have been made in the form of coffee, food and gift cards for local charities such as Relay for Life. Modest financial proceeds primarily go to Love Made Visible (an outreach of Renaut's church), which focuses on child-related causes in many areas of the world — including Axum, Ethiopia, a place with "thousands of street children and orphans, and no running water," according to Suzanne.
Axum, Ethiopia is also where Renaut and his wife, Brooke, adopted four of their eight children — hence the company name. Although Ethiopia may be considered the birthplace of coffee, it's not actually the source of the company's main product.
Suzanne admits their philanthropic mission is not the only reason for customer loyalty.
If we had a terrible product, they wouldn't come back. Our mission is an added bonus.
The mission is, however, a frequent topic of conversation between customers and employees.
Some of her employees have been steaming lattes for the company since the shop first commenced. "We've got a really, really low turnover," Suzanne says. But she believes it's not just the social mission that earns their loyalty. "The key part to me is caring for my staff. Taking an interest in their personal lives — not overly chummy, but loving, helping them any way we can," Suzanne says. "My staff is a huge part of what I do."
One of Suzanne's greatest challenges has been to provide socially-responsible coffees. She says she understands why some people only buy Fair Trade coffee, but she is shocked by the amount of political maneuvering and the expense involved in obtaining a Fair Trade or Organic label.
Small farms simply cannot afford to be certified as Fair Trade or Organic.
Suzanne envisions in the coming years to circumvent the flawed system and develop their own relationship with coffee farmers.
"I want to able to say, 'I know you, I know your family, and I want to pay you a fair wage.' But for now, I have to trust the suppliers."
Since the first shop opened in 2010, Suzanne —with the help of her husband, Mathias— has been steadily growing the enterprise:
A second shop, Axum Roastery, opened in Winter Garden's Plant Street Market in April 2015.
In February 2016, a branch of Axum Coffee opened in the new Florida Hospital.
In March or April of 2016, a new shop will open in conjunction with Orlando Cats Café, where customers can pet a cat (in a separate room) or adopt a cat, for a fee that goes to an animal shelter.
In spring 2016 they will launch an Axum Market Café in the Dr. Phillips YMCA.
In the meantime, Suzanne and her team are experimenting with coffee blends, with the plan to sell branded Axum Coffee wholesale.
Looking through the lens of Conscious Capitalism® at how she runs the business, Suzanne says, "The 'conscious' part of it…I try to be really ethical. It's natural to me. I want to take care of people."
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The thought that 'demographics are destiny' is one that did not enter my conscious for the greater part of my life. I think that may be because, when you're younger, you don't tend to think of things from the perspective of the group, community or nation, but instead from the much narrower perspective of your own self. Or maybe I was just living in a Utopian cloud where the future was always going to be shining and bright, and the thought of failure or the ultimate end that we all face as individuals was just too far in the future to comprehend.
But for anyone who retains the bad (well bad news) habit of reading contemporary news and opinion, the idea that many countries in the 'Western world' are not having enough children to maintain their populations over the relatively short run of two or three generations bespeaks of a looming population crisis that seems inevitable, yet that is for the most part being blithely ignored by the very people whose cultural identity hangs in the balance.
It's kind of a strange concept to wrap your mind around, I admit. And the reasons why people are not having enough children to replace themselves (actually, the number needed to achieve indigenous population growth is at minimum 2.1) are varied and easy to comprehend -- the cost of raising children has risen exponentially, consumerism has shifted the focus of living onto the self, marriage as an institution has faltered, and on and on.
Now, if you love your country or your culture, this phenomenon is kind of sad. Who wants to think that the things they have come to love and cherish about life and the world they live in will not endure? As a father, it has made me a bit sorrowful I'm not ashamed to admit; Will the world my son grows to adulthood in bear any resemblance to the one I grew up in? Maybe not.
But, one thing I heard in relation to all of this had the effect of making me feel a little better about what may ultimately come to be. "The future belongs to those who show up."
And that's really the important point. Whatever the future holds, and wherever Humankind ends up 50, 100, 200, 500 or 1000 years from now, the World will be populated by those whose parents saw enough promise in the future to make the commitment and the sacrifices necessary to have kids and raise them. Where the people of tomorrow came from or how they think of themselves from the perspective of their heredity isn't unimportant, but it not the most important thing -- not by a long shot. The world, and all its promise, will belong to them because 'they showed up!' One thing you'll learn from talking to kids is that they accept the world as they came into it -- they haven't known it any other way.
I'm sure you're asking, "what the heck does this have to do with SEO?" And the answer is this: The virtual world of the Internet is a lot like the real one in many ways. One of them is that today's Internet is a lot different than the Internet that existed five, ten or fifteen years ago. And so too, the Internet of five, ten or fifteen years in the future probably won't bear much of a resemblance to how we experience it now. Many businesses will fail the test of navigating those changes, and others yet unheard of will rise to prominence online that Internet users in the future will think of as being ubiquitous as Amazon, Ebay, and of course, Google.
And what is the key to at least still being a vibrant destination on the World Wide Web? (World Wide Web! Do most folks even remember that term? Talk about the changing landscape of the Internet!) Well, the key is to keep doing what it takes to show up first when people type in the search terms most likely to bring them to your web site, and then, once they arrive, have the products or services they're looking for so that they become a customer rather than a visitor. The future belongs to those who show up first on Google! And, should it come to pass that Google actually isn't the top search destination fifteen years from now, that's OK, as long as your company is at the top of the search listings on whatever company has taken its place!


The UK is falling behind the rest of the world it terms of income protection taken out. It is falling behind in both the amount of people who have protection and those who would even consider taking it out.
Here at Finance Advice Centre we believe that income protection is one of the most important insurances you can take out. It could happen to anyone so if it were to happen to you then you want to ensure that you are covered. This way if anything were to happen that would effect your income then it would not effect your lifestyle and you could continue to live the same way.
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text:
M·A·C Honors Transgender Day of Remembrance
Nov 23, 2021 10:35 AM ET
This Transgender Day of Remembrance, M·A·C honors the lives tragically lost due to anti-transgender violence. Having always stood for "All Ages, All Races, All Genders," @MACcosmetics stands firmly behind the transgender and gender non-conforming community https://bit.ly/3cAOYNg
This Transgender Day of Remembrance, we honour the lives tragically lost due to anti-transgender violence. This year is already the deadliest year on record in the US according to @humanrightscampaign, which includes at least 45 transgender and gender non-confirming people killed so far – the majority of whom were Black and Latina transgender women. As a brand that has always stood for "All Ages, All Races, All Genders" since our inception, M·A·C stands firmly behind the transgender and gender non-conforming community and will continue to fight for acceptance and equal rights for everyone in all that we do.
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text:
Back Herman Melville: Redburn, White-Jacket, Moby-Dick Print
Herman Melville: Redburn, White-Jacket, Moby-Dick
Edited by G. Thomas Tanselle
Nathaniel Philbrick asks Why Read Moby-Dick? and many rise to the "cunning test"
E. L. Doctorow pays tribute to Herman Melville's great "kitchen-sink sort of book"
Stephen Colbert's two-minute Moby-Dick lesson is a real roller-coaster ride
Between 1849 and 1851, Melville wrote three masterful stories of the sea (including the classic Moby-Dick) that captured colorful and comic glimpses of shipboard life, the excitement of the whale hunt, and seascapes that move from the brutal to the sublime; they also displayed a marvelous command of language that mixes the ordinary talk of sailors with the rhythms of the Bible and Shakespearean hyperbole. Together the works in this Library of America volume reveal Melville's obsession with the possibilities of human freedom, the sacrifice of that freedom to the demands of social cohesion, and the submission of social groups—represented by the shipboard community—to traditional forms of authority.
Redburn, His First Voyage has long been one of Melville's most popular works. A first-person account of a young man's coming of age, his initiation into the life of sailors, and his exposure to the slums of Liverpool and the gaudy opulence of London gambling houses, Redburn narrates the adventures of innocence abroad in a world of vice, brutality, and deception.
White-Jacket is a semi-autobiographical work about an episode in Melville's life when, finding himself "on the beach" in the South Seas, he enlisted in the U.S. Navy for the voyage "round the Horn" and home. This story dramatizes the brutal practice of flogging, and the public outcry it engendered led finally to the abolition of such punishments by the Navy. Subtitled "The World in a Man-of-War," White-Jacket explores the warship as a microcosm of human society. Although Melville chafes at the annoyances of bureaucratic discipline and official ineptitude, he retains his humor, his eye for the absurd, and his pride in the democratic good-fellowship of his mess-mates.
Explosive adventure and a dazzling play of metaphor combine to make Moby-Dick one of the great epics in all of literature. Captain Ahab's hunt for the white whale drives the narrative at a relentless pace, while Ishmael's meditations on whales and whaling, on the sublime indifference of nature and the grimy physical details of the production of oil, provide a reflective counterpoint to the headlong idolatrous quest. Sometimes read as a terrifying study of monomania or as a critical inquiry into the sinister effects of making life into symbols, Moby-Dick also offers the more immediate pleasures found in the two earlier novels.
G. Thomas Tanselle, volume editor, has written on bibliography and publishing history, is an editor of the Northwestern-Newberry Edition of The Writings of Herman Melville, and serves on the board of directors for The Library of America.
This Library of America series edition is printed on acid-free paper and features Smyth-sewn binding, a full cloth cover, and a ribbon marker.
Herman Melville: Redburn, White-Jacket, Moby-Dick is kept in print by a gift from John Logan to the Guardians of American Letters Fund.
ISBN: 978-0-94045009-7 1436 pages
N° 9 Library of America Series
Subscribers can purchase the slipcased edition by signing in to their accounts.
Nathaniel Hawthorne: Collected Novels LOA N°10
Richard Henry Dana, Jr. : Two Years Before the Mast & Other Voyages LOA N°161
James Fenimore Cooper: Sea Tales LOA N°54
Herman Melville: Pierre, Israel Potter, The Piazza Tales, The Confidence-Man, Billy Budd, Uncollected Prose LOA N°24
Herman Melville: Typee, Omoo, Mardi LOA N°1


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CLICK Blog
People-watching in Washington
Beyonce told ABC's Good Morning America that the criticisms she faced after visiting Cuba were 'quite shocking.'
Beyoncé: Cuba response 'quite shocking'
By KEVIN CIRILLI
Beyoncé said Monday that she was "shocked" by criticism of her and her husband Jay-Z's recent trip to Cuba.
"You know, it was such a beautiful trip. I met some incredible children. I visited some incredible entrepreneurs. I learned so much about so many people and the country and [all of the criticism] was actually quite shocking," the singer said in an interview that aired Monday on ABC's "Good Morning America."
Republican Sen. Marco Rubio as well as other Florida lawmakers, such as Reps. Debbie Wasserman Schultz, Mario Diaz-Balart and Ileana Ros-Lehtinen, have all raised questions for as to why -- and how -- the couple went to communist Cuba.
(PHOTOS: Beyonce and Jay-Z in Cuba)
Further adding to the controversy -- Jay-Z released a song bragging about the trip. The above quote is the only reference that GMA aired on the topic.


Functional and convenient, these blue multipurpose L20 wipes by Wypall come in handy with w wide range of your cleaning needs.
If you looking for reliable and convenient wipes, then Wypall has a perfect solution for you. Ultra- absorbent thanks to the special Airflex technology, these blue 2 ply paper wipers are perfect for cleaning of wet surfaces and come in handy in kitchens and canteens as well as sanitary areas.
Their reinforced internal plot makes them extra strong and not easy to tear, even while they are wet. Thanks to all of their characteristics the blue Wypall's wipes are highly effective. Each delivered roll contains 500 disposable wipes which are a great, cost-effective and hygienic alternative to traditional cleaning cloths.


Hold the press: : the inside story on newspapers / /John Maxwell Hamilton and George A. Krimsky.
Baton Rouge: : Louisiana State University Press, , c1996.
xviii, 190 p. :: ill. ; 24 cm.
$a Hold the press: $b the inside story on newspapers / $c John Maxwell Hamilton and George A. Krimsky.
$a Baton Rouge: $b Louisiana State University Press, $c c1996.
$a xviii, 190 p. : $b ill. ; $c 24 cm.


You couldn't call my relationship to the music of Conlon Nancarrow "love/hate". It's more "like/dislike".
On the one hand his Studies have a jazzy, powerful, propulsive energy filled with spellbinding rhythms and spectacular gestures. That's the "like" part. But the sound of those extra-bright player pianos wears on me. I lose interest pretty quickly.
The importance of Nancarrow, to me at least, is that he pioneered the notion of the loner composer. He was the first to write music for a specialized musical device which gave him complete control over all aspects of his music. That device played the completed finished pieces. No performers were involved.
As technology has improved over the decades, especially with digital instruments, being a loner composer has become more and more common. These days a relatively modest investment in computers and software is all it takes to start making music far beyond the capabilities of any performer, real or imaginary. This is the way I compose and I'm very happy doing it.
I suppose some people are still scandalized by these developments. If you're such a person, remember that this method of composition is never going to eliminate composers who write for live performers. It does, I think, force them to write music for the real strengths of performers. These strengths include the abilities to interpret and improvise.
Also, this is also not going to eliminate live concerts. That's because aspects of live performance, notably something which might be called the 'spiritual' component, that ineffable communication between performer and listener, can't be approached by digitally created performances.
Conlon Nancarrow's music and methods were not precursors to the sequencers, samplers and electronica of today. I'm not aware of anyone still writing music for player piano. But he was the first to demonstrate that a composer can have a different relationship to listeners, not by imagining music and then giving it to instrumentalists and singers to perform, but by actually making the music directly using specialized tools in a studio,an analog of the way painters or sculptors do their work. When finished, the results are shared immediately with an audience.
Produced by James Greeson and Dale Carpenter, this documentary starts with Nancarrows childhood years, covers his politics and involvement in the Abraham Lincoln Brigade during the Spanish Civil War, his move to Mexico City in the 1940s and then his subsequent discovery and late-in-life fame. There's a section about the composer Trimpin who is hailed as a kind of successor to Nancarrow. There are talking heads aplenty and a couple performances of early piano works, ones Nancarrow intended for flesh and blood pianists.
The most interesting part, however, which inspired me to write this post, is that this video allows you to actually watch the player pianos playing Nancarrow's piano rolls. Not just the roll rolling past the tracker, but the actual internal workings of the piano itself - levers flexing, gears turning and wheels whirling. This is something I've never seen before and I found it particularly riveting.
During Nancarrow's years of fame his music was performed in concert all over the world - but almost always by tape recordings, not with actual player pianos. I saw such a concert in Los Angeles - mid-eighties, I guess. It was at the Japan-America Theater. The composer was present and he engaged in a question and answer session with the audience, moderated by composer William Kraft.
In this documentary, at one point, a talking head refers to Nancarrow as "shy". That's a good description of how he answered the audience's questions. He gave us virtually no information, preferring to quietly avoid questions. It became kind of funny.
Earlier in the concert there had been a presentation about his life and work. One picture showed a shelf of books about theories of time - a subject one would imagine to be of considerable interest to a composer who wrote music in multiple tempi. Nancarrow's extensive library is shown and discussed in this new documentary as well. As someone who long ago had been influenced by my own readings about time, I decided to ask him if he found any particular books on the subject influential. No, he replied quietly, he couldn't think of any.
Here's an interview with Nancarrow in which he is considerably more informative.
This documentary is, apparently, nearly finished. Here's an additional sequence of talking heads, apparently cut from the video, talking about Conlon's relationship to food: eating fried worms, drinking tequila, eating one fruit while looking at another, his kitchen where he cooked paella or ground curry powder.


According to the collaborative team, they have identified "four critical requirements to the design and implementation of a data placement structure, namely 1) fast data loading, 2) fast query processing, 3) highly efficient storage space utilization, and 4) strong adaptivity to highly dynamic workload patterns." And their solution RCFile is able to satisfy all the requirements by balancing merits and limits of various existing data placement structures.
RCFile and its open source implementation were documented in a paper presented in the 27th International Conference on Data Engineering in 2011. According to the wikipedia of RCFile and several related industry documents, RCFile has been widely used in real-world systems. For example, It has become the default data placement structure in Facebook's production data warehouse, which is so far the largest Hadoop data warehouse in the world. RCFile is also adopted in two open source data analytic systems, Apache Hive and Apache Pig, which are being used in major Internet services, including Facebook, Linkedin, Taobao, Twitter, and Yahoo.


text:
Ola (ryska Ола) är en ort i Magadan oblast i Ryssland. Orten ligger vid floden Ola, 27 kilometer öster om Magadan. Folkmängden är lite mer än 6 000 invånare.

Historia
Det första dokumenterade omnämnandet av orten är från 1716.

Referenser

Noter

Orter i Magadan oblast


text:
Updates: Recent Science Fiction Acquisitions No. XXXII (Cowper + Vance + Williamson + MacTyre)
June 29, 2012 July 7, 2012 / Joachim Boaz
As always Half Price Bookstore in Northern Austin, TX yielded a wonderful collection of sci-fi paperbacks… I bought Doomsday, 1999 (1962) solely on the cover art — cool looking city exploding… Richard Cowper's Profundis (1979) on recommendation of my friend 2theD at Potpourri of Science Fiction Literature who waxed prophetic (hopefully)/intellectually about to joys of this seldom read author (well, his fantasy at least). I personally, do not have high hopes considering the questionable nature of the back flap blurb. My previous Williamson experiment, Trial of Terra (1962), had promise so I picked up one of his supposedly best works, Bright New Universe (1967). And well, Vance is Vance and thus almost always worth reading….
1. Doomsday, 1999 (variant title: Midge), Paul MacTyre (1962)
(Uncredited cover for the 1963 edition)
From the back cover, "OFFSPRING OF ATOMIC CATASTROPHE. What would happen if man's mastery of the world was suddenly snatched away by a new and more advanced type of like? This is the startling premise of this unusual novel. It fell to two people to face the news that mankind was about to follow the dinosaurs off the Earth's stage. One was Angus, veteran of a defeated Western army in a world devastated by atomic warfare. The other was Liu, woman office of a conquering army she already knew was destined for destruction. How these two found the new master species and what they did about it is an exciting and though-provoking science-fiction adventure."
2. Profundis, Richard Cowper (1979)
(Don Maitz's cover for the 1981 edition)
From the back cover, "THE HOLOCAUST HAD DESTROYED EVERYTHING BUT THEM! Them was the mighty warship Profundis ad its crew of men and androids. Run by Proteus, a computer of unquestionable intelligence — and questionable judgement, it navigates waters too polluted now for man to ever enter again. The quiet years have made things dull. But Proteus had concocted a scheme doomed to liven things up, a playful passion play starring… Admiral Lord Horatio Prood, the bungling chief commander… Commander Bonze, the high-bosomed director of personeel… Tom Jones, a baby-faced innocent with a special talent for disaster… and Bonnie, Celia, and Margaret, the Three Kinky Kittens, talented sexboats with uninhibiting [sic] charms. And before the play ends, judgment day will come — and go– and mortality will acquire a new meaning aboard the H. M. S Profundis."
3. Bright New Universe, Jack Williamson (1967) (MY REVIEW)
(John Schoenherr's cover for the 1967 edition)
From the back flap, "Think what it could mean! To prove that we aren't alone! To find other worlds, other races — older and wiser than we are! Out on the Moon, I hope to find an answer. If we do pick up a signal from space, it will be the great turning point in human history. It will give our lives a meaning." Yet, to make his worlds good, Ddam Cave had to break from his family and with society, and pit himself against his own world. But once out there on the far side of the Moon, where an isolated band kept pushing Earth's call letters into the void, the picture changed startlingly, shockingly. For Cave learned the truth that had been held back from a placid world for so long…"
4. Wyst: Alastor 1716, Jack Vance (1978)
(Eric Ladd's cover for the 1978 edition)
From the back cover, "The trouble with Utopia is people. And this will remain true even in days to come, even in the Alastor Cluster of thirty thousand inhabited planets, whose sole protector of law was the mysterious person known as the Connatic. One the planet Wyst, Number 1716 of the Alastor Cluster, there was such a Utopia, or so it claimed. There in one great city lived millions of people, sharing alike, working in absolute equality for just a few hours a week. But there was something decidedly cockeyed there and the Connatic finally sent a trusted investigator to bring back the facts even at the rist of his life."
5. Marune: Alastor 933, Jack Vance (1975) (MY REVIEW)
(Darrell Sweet's cover for the 1975 edition)
From the back cover, "MAN WITH NO PAST. From his fabulous palace on Numenes, the Connatic ruled the sprawling Alastor Cluster… and kept track of the doings of each of his trillion or more subjects. But there was one man he knew nothing about — for the past life of the wanderer called Pardero was a complete mystery. Pardero set himself two goals. Find out who he was… and find his enemy, the person who had stolen his memory. Pyschologists deduced that his home world must be the mysterious Marune… a planet lit by four shifting suns. Pardero made his way there — and was hailed as the Kaiark Efraim, ruler of the shadowed realm. Uncovering his lost identity had been comparatively simple. Finding his sworn enemy would be more difficult.. there were so many people to choose from!"
1960s, 1970s, 1980s, apocalyptic, jack vance, paperbacks, post-apocalyptic, sci-fi, science fiction, space opera, technology
← Book Review: The Penultimate Truth, Philip K. Dick (1964)
Book Review: Marune: Alastor 933, Jack Vance (1975) →
16 thoughts on "Updates: Recent Science Fiction Acquisitions No. XXXII (Cowper + Vance + Williamson + MacTyre)"
mporcius
The three Alastor novels are all fun, though I think the middle one, Marune, the lost memory one, is the weakest of the three. The third, Wyst, the anti-socialist one, is very good, very funny (especially if you are skeptical or hostile to socialism). However, the first Alastor novel, Trullion, is probably my favorite, it is the most moody and cynical, the setting and plot generating a real sense of menace, despair, and decadence.
Do you have to read them in order? I don't own Trullion yet…
Not at all, there is not even a reason for them to be in the same series…. they are set in different planets in the same star cluster. Each has different protagonists.
Good good good. I plan on reading one of them soon….
bibliorex
Looking forward to hearing your reaction to the Vance novels. He's one of my favorite writers.
What's your favorite of his? I've reviewed two of his novels on my blog…. By I haven't read his most famous works yet (The Demon Prince Series, Dying Earth, etc.).
The Demon Princes books are very good (I have reviewed them all on my blog), and I love the Dying Earth books (for very different reasons). The Tschai series is also excellent, as are the Durdane books — I think I probably prefer these series to the Demon Princes books. I would say Dying Earth or Lyonesse are my favorites though.
It's really, really hard to choose because I have never read a bad Vance story. Some cover the same terrain/themes as certain other books, so some are simply more fleshed out than others, but all are excellent.
I think I've asked you the same question before 😉 I haven't read the Durdane or the Demon Princes or Dying Earth — alas…. But I'm happy there are so many good books out there waiting to be read!
You have a lot of awesome Vance reading ahead of you! (And I often see his stuff in used bookstores, so you shouldn't have any problems finding it.)
Yup yup, the four I've read so far is a good start — I rather come around to the famous works after getting a feel for the author from his/her lesser known works.
I think that's a very wise approach. It's amazing how prolific Vance was, and how many of his works have become virtually unknown. Other than the limited edition collections, until very recently a huge amount of his stuff has been long out of print.
Yup yup, I never pay much attention to what's in print or not — unfortunately, it means I don't support the authors I like since I buy only the old editions — alas…. Most of them are dead anyway (yikes! I'm in a cynical mood)
Have you had time to read Vance's "Dodkin's Job" yet? L-O-V-E it! Might be an easier read in a collection rather than that PDF file 😀
I will I will I will! Especially since I'm in a Vance mood after reading Marune: Alastor 933….
Heloise Merlin
I admit to finding myself rather intrigued by the Cowper, likely precisely because of its questionableness – if it's not just horrible trash, it might actually turn out to be something unusual and interesting. I have never heard of that author before, but am thinking that I might give him a try…
I do trust 2theD (who made a comment above) — if you haven't, check out his blog. He has multiple reviews of Cowper's works.
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First came a focus on interior design, which continues to inspire innovative style statements. Then homeowners and designers turned their attention to outdoor living, creating comfortable plein-air spaces for lounging, cooking, and dining. In the Northeast, homeowners have begun to embrace a new trend: living inside out.
By inviting sunshine and warmth into your space and blurring the lines between the coziness of the interior and the nature beyond, you can reclaim the light you deserve. Intentional selection of personalized windows and doors is the key bringing the outdoors in and transforming your quality of life.
The natural setting is especially spectacular here in the Hudson Valley—from lush woods to stunning mountain and river views, to beautiful backyard gardens. Is there a small, dark bedroom in your home or a cramped sitting room—why not open that space up by inviting the beauty and expansiveness from beyond the walls indoors with the thoughtful positioning of windows. The added light opens up the space and frames the view as if it were a beautiful piece of art.
Perhaps you love your backyard with that flowering tree, yet feel you seldom have the time to enjoy it. Or you've invested in a waterfront home and find that the original owners never took advantage of that view of the Hudson River that inspired your purchase. With an intention to live inside out, you invite the light and nature you crave into your space. A perfectly placed sliding or bi-fold door can change the way you live—and the way you feel about life—by creating a seamless connection between your home and its calming landscape.
It's a scientific fact: sunlight boosts our serotonin levels and that, in turn, makes us happier. You know how good it feels to bask in sunshine, and designing a home to embrace that experience begins with exploring the possibilities. The showroom at Williams Lumber & Home Centers is an excellent place to start. Here a high-tech, high-touch journey inspires you to explore a myriad of doors and windows in full scale, and appreciate what they could do for your lifestyle.
At the Williams Lumber showroom you'll encounter the Marvin Scenic Door Portfolio, which includes stunningly large doors engineered to provide a seamless connection to the light and natural beauty beyond your walls. Marvin's Ultimate Lift and Slide, Multi-slide or Bi-Fold Doors all offer opportunities to create a movable "wall of glass" that provides effortless access to a deck, patio, porch or waterfront.
Your home's architectural style helps pinpoint the most complementary way to create the inside-out connection, according to Kim Deetjen, principal at architecture and interior design firm TruexCullins in Burlington, Vermont. "The specific door depends on the style of the house—is it traditional or modern? Formal or informal? The context is always the first determining factor," she explains.
Considering the home's setting and the surrounding landscape also helps homeowners zero in on the appropriate selection, Deetjen explains. Homeowners are encouraged to think about how windows and doors can be used to enhance—and not disrupt—the room's flow. The right door creates a seamless handoff from the interior to exterior, while making the interior space appear larger and more in tune with the view.
While the intent is to invite the light, air, and beauty outside your home into your living space, you never want to overlook the need for screens to make living more comfortable and hardware to make your space secure. Marvin offers a selection of different screens, even high-transparency mesh solutions, to ensure that this element never detracts from the intended connection.
In addition, Marvin also offers a new smart home technology, the Lock Status Sensor, which seamlessly integrates into your new or existing security system. Marvin is the only manufacturer offering a fully integrated, factory-prepped hardware solution to give you peace of mind in knowing your windows and doors are secure. This provides the security you deserve while also helping you elegantly and effortlessly live intentionally with the beauty outside your home.
If you find the concept of living inside out intriguing, start your research online to explore Marvin and Integrity windows and doors. And visit Williams Lumber and Homes Centers for an exciting introduction to what's possible in your home. When you're ready to talk window specifications and pricing, make an appointment with a millwork specialist at the Williams lumber showroom, where Marvin experts are ready to help you select windows and doors to create the look you imagine.


text:
#ifndef OSMIUM_GEOM_COORDINATES_HPP
#define OSMIUM_GEOM_COORDINATES_HPP

#include <cstddef>
#include <iosfwd>
#include <string>

#include <osmium/osm/location.hpp>
#include <osmium/util/double.hpp>

namespace osmium {

    namespace geom {

        struct Coordinates {

            double x;
            double y;

            explicit Coordinates(double cx, double cy) noexcept : x(cx), y(cy) {
            }

            Coordinates(const osmium::Location& location) : x(location.lon()), y(location.lat()) {
            }

            void append_to_string(std::string& s, const char infix, int precision) const {
                osmium::util::double2string(s, x, precision);
                s += infix;
                osmium::util::double2string(s, y, precision);
            }

            void append_to_string(std::string& s, const char prefix, const char infix, const char suffix, int precision) const {
                s += prefix;
                append_to_string(s, infix, precision);
                s += suffix;
            }

        }; // struct coordinates

        /**
         * Compare whether two Coordinates are identical. Might not give the
         * right result if the coordinates have been the result of some
         * calculation that introduced rounding errors.
         */
        inline bool operator==(const Coordinates& lhs, const Coordinates& rhs) noexcept {
#pragma GCC diagnostic push
#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wfloat-equal"
            return lhs.x == rhs.x && lhs.y == rhs.y;
#pragma GCC diagnostic pop
        }

        inline bool operator!=(const Coordinates& lhs, const Coordinates& rhs) noexcept {
            return ! operator==(lhs, rhs);
        }

        template <typename TChar, typename TTraits>
        inline std::basic_ostream<TChar, TTraits>& operator<<(std::basic_ostream<TChar, TTraits>& out, const Coordinates& c) {
            return out << '(' << c.x << ',' << c.y << ')';
        }

    } // namespace geom

} // namespace osmium

#endif // OSMIUM_GEOM_COORDINATES_HPP