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Don's Home Politics Presidential Elections
(2000 Results by state and 2004 swing states | 2004 Result Summary | 2008: Campaign (swing states), Results | President Ratings
The president is elected by votes from the electoral college where there are 538 votes.
Votes are based 435 congressional districts (apportioned to states based on population) plus 100 Senators (2 per state) plus 3 votes for DC. You need 270 votes to win.
Most states have a winner take all electoral vote system. Maine and Nebraska, use a tiered system where a single elector is chosen within each Congressional district and two electors are chosen by statewide popular vote.
See Electoral College (United States) - Wikipedia
This system allows a candidate to loose the popular vote (As George W. Bush did in 2000 (Bush - 50,456,002 votes, Gore - 50,999,897 votes), but win the election.
The other seeming inequity in the system is if you are in a state that strongly supports one party or the other, your vote doesn't matter because the state is always going to going to cast all their electoral votes for the winner.
This is true for the following in 1992-2012;
Republican States: Alabama, Alaska, Idaho, Kansas, Mississippi, Nebraska, North Dakota, Oklahoma, South Carolina, South Dakota, Texas, Utah, Wyoming.
and Democratic States: California, Connecticut, Delaware, D.C., Hawaii , Illinois, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, Michigan, Minnesota, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Vermont, Washington, Wisconsin.
Arkansas and Tennessee had the native son effect with Clinton and Gore in '92 and '96, or they would have been on this list.
The exceptions are Reagan's popularity in the 1980's and Roosevelt's popularity in the 30's.
The 1960's marked a shift in political ideologies.
Southern conservatives where Democrats because they didn't want to belong to the party of Lincoln after the slavery issue in the Civil war. They decided it was OK to be Republican after Barry Goldwater, who had voted against the Civil Rights act became the Republican candidate in 1964.
Another thing pushing southern conservatives was voter registration efforts in the 60's, which brought more African Americans into the Democratic party.
These two issues accelerated the transition from a solid South for the Democrats to one for the Republicans.
In 1967 George Wallace ran for the American Independent party and got 13.5% of the vote.
Swing States and Safe States:
Safe states - republican: 17 states - 138 Electoral College Votes (ECV)
Safe states - democratic: 15 states - 186 ECV
Swing states: 19 states - 214 ECV (States which have been swing states in at least one of the last 5 elections)
FiveThirtyEight lists 7 swing states for 2016, Wikipedia and Politico listed 11 states for 2012 (but 2 are different), CNN listed 7 battleground states for 2008, The Wall Street Journal listed 16 battleground states for 2000.
Safe states and swing states
Winner ECV * 303 442 457 303 486 301 520 297 489 525 426 370 379 271 286 365 332 279 Swing states
Winner Popular % 49.6 54.9 57.4 49.7 61.1 43.4
1 60.2 50.0 50.5 58.8 53.4 43.0
1 50.7 52.9 51.1 47.2
Alabama SR D D I R AI R D R R R R R R R R R AL 9
Alaska R D R R R R R R R R R R R R AK 3
Arizona D R R R R R R R R R R R D R R R R AZ 11
Arkansas D D D D D AI R D R R R D2 D2 R R R R AR 6
California D R R R D R R R R R R D D D D D D CA 55
Colorado D R R R D R R R R R R D R R R D D CO 9
Connecticut R R R D D D R R R R R D D D D D D CT 7
Delaware R R R D D R R D R R R D D D D D D DE 3
D.C. D D D D D D D D D D D D D DC 3
Florida D R R R D R R D R R R R D R R D D FL 29
Georgia D D D D R AI R D D R R D R R R R R GA 16
Hawaii D D D R D D R D D D D D D D HI 4
Idaho D R R R D R R R R R R R R R R R R ID 4
Illinois D R R D D R R R R R R D D D D D D IL 20
Indiana R R R R D R R R R R R R R R R D R IN 11
Iowa D R R R D R R R R R D D D D R D D IA 6
Kansas R R R R D R R R R R R R R R R R R KS 6
Kentucky D D R R D R R D R R R D D R R R R KY 8
Louisiana SR D R D R AI R D R R R D D R R R R LA 8
Maine R R R R D D R R R R R D D D D D D ME 4
Maryland R R R D D D R D D R R D D D D D D MD 10
Massachusetts D R R D D D D D R R D D D D D D D MA 11
Michigan R R R D D D R R R R R D D D D D D MI 16
Minnesota D R R D D D R D D D D D D D D D D MN 10
Mississippi SR D D I R AI R D R R R R R R R R R MS 6
Missouri D R D D D R R D R R R D D R R R R MO 10
Montana D R R R D R R R R R R D R R R R R MT 3
Nebraska R R R R D R R R R R R R R R R R R NE 5
Nevada D R R D D R R R R R R D D R R D D NV 6
New Hampshire R R R R D R R R R R R D D R D D D NH 4
New Jersey R R R D D R R R R R R D D D D D D NJ 14
New Mexico D R R D D R R R R R R D D D R D D NM 5
New York R R R D D D R D R R D D D D D D D NY 29
North Carolina D D D D D R R D R R R R R R R D R NC 15
North Dakota R R R R D R R R R R R R R R R R R ND 3
Ohio D R R R D R R D R R R D D R R D D OH 18
Oklahoma D R R R D R R R R R R R R R R R R OK 7
Oregon R R R R D R R R R R D D D D D D D OR 7
Pennsylvania R R R D D D R D R R R D D D D D D PA 20
Rhode Island D R R D D D R D D R D D D D D D D RI 4
South Carolina SR D D D R R R D R R R R R R R R R SC 9
South Dakota R R R R D R R R R R R R R R R R R SD 3
Tennessee D R R R D R R D R R R D2 D2 R R R R TN 11
Texas D R R D D D R D R R R R R R R R R TX 38
Utah D R R R D R R R R R R R R R R R R UT 6
Vermont R R R R D R R R R R R D D D D D D VT 3
Virginia D R R R D R R R R R R R R R R D D VA 13
Washington D R R R D D R R R R D D D D D D D WA 12
West Virginia D D R D D D R D D R D D D R R R R WV 5
Wisconsin D R R R D R R D R R D D D D D D D WI 10
Wyoming D R R R D R R R R R R R R R R R R WY 3
AI - American Independent a far right party created by Bill and Eileen Shearer, (Eileen was the daughter of California senator Wiliam Knowland). George Wallace, former Alabama governor, ran as an AI in 1968.
I - Independent
SR = States' Rights - A far right, white supremacist party.
ECV = Electoral College Votes
* Prior to 1960 there were only 531 electoral votes and you needed 266 to win.
1. In 1968 George Wallace got 13.5% of the vote as an American Independent.
In 1992 Ross Perot got almost 19% of the vote as an independent.
In 1996 Perot got 8.4%.
In 2000 Ralph Nader got 2.7%, Gore, the looser in ECV, got 48.4%, Bush got 47.9% of the popular vote.
In 2016 Libertarian candidate Gary Johnson got 3% of the vote. Hillary Clinton, who lost, got 48.7% of the popular vote.
2. In 1992 and '96 Arkansas and Tennessee went republican for favorite sons Clinton and Gore
List of United States presidential election results by state - Wikipedia
Popular Votes 1940-2012 - Roper Center
See Margin of victory - Republican & Democratic States in 2000 the closest election.
I had a housemate in grad school who was doing his PhD thesis on the fairness of the electoral system. He came to the conclusion that it was the best system. I don't remember the criteria he used to judge the the different options.
The 11 states with the largest population account for more than half of EC Votes.
CA 55 -11.8%
TX 34 21.3
NY 31 -24.5
FL 27 0.01
IL 21 -12.0
PA 21 -4.2%
OH 20 3.6
MI 17 -5.1
NJ 15 -15.8
NC 15 12.8
GA 15 11.8
ECV - Elctoral College votes
Battleground States
Safe states - Democratic: 19 states - 242 ECV (Includes DC)
Swing states:             19 states - 194 ECV
Source: Electoral Map Looks Daunting for Donald Trump - WSJ - 5/4/2016 (chart no longer available)
The following were considered battleground states in at least one of the last five elections.
Note: The table to the left counts Wisconsin, Minnesota, Pennsylvania, Oregon and Washington as safe democratic states, but they have been considered battleground states at times by the compaigns.
X - Battleground State
Here WSJ CNN Wiki-
pedia Politico
FL Florida x x x x x
OH Ohio x x x x x
IA Iowa x x x x
NV Nevada x x x x
NH New Hampshire x x x x
PA Pennsylvania x x x x
WI Wisconsin x x x x
MN Minnesota x x x x
MI Michigan x x x
NC North Carolina x x x
MO Missouri x x x
CO Colorado x x
VA Virginia x x
AZ Arizona x x
WV West Virginia x x
AR Arkansas x x
NM New Mexico x x
OR Oregon x x
WA Washington x x
GE Georgia x
IN Indiana x
MT Montana x
ND North Dakota x
ME Maine x
Swing state - Wikipedia
The 11 states that will determine the 2016 election - POLITICO
Tipping-Point (or battleground) states (Oct 12, 2016) per fivethirtyeight.com:
State       Chance      2012       2008       2004
Florida        16.6%  Obama  50%  Obama 51%  Bush  52%
Pennsylvania   11.5   Obama  52%  Obama 55%  Kerry 51%
North Carolina  9.2   Romney 51%  Obama 50%  Bush  56%
Colorado        7.9   Obama  51%  Obama 54%  Bush  52%
Ohio            7.3   Obama  50%  Obama 52%  Bush  51%
Virginia        7.2   Obama  51%  Obama 53%  Bush  54%
Wisconsin       6.8   Obama  53%  Obama 57%  Kerry 50%
Minnesota       5.6   Obama  53%  Obama 55%  Kerry 52%
Michigan        5.4   Obama  54%  Obama 58%  Kerry 52%
Margin of victory
National 5.6% 8.5% -0.5% 2.8% 6.5%
Florida FL 27 1.89% 5.70% 0.0% 5.0% 3%
Missouri MO 11 10.15% 6.30% 3.3% 7.2% 0%
Ohio OH 20 1.83% 6.36% 3.5% 2.1% 4%
Iowa IA 7 6.02% 10.34% 0.3% 0.7% 9%
New Hampshire NH 4 1.22% 9.95% 1.3% 1.4% 9%
North Carolina NC 15 0.79% 4.69% 12.8% 12.4% 0%
Virginia VA 13 4.38% 1.95% 8.0% 8.2% 7%
New Mexico NM 5 8.56% 7.32% 0.1% 0.8% 15%
Pennsylvania PA 21 9.02% 9.20% 4.2% 2.5% 11%
Arizona AZ 10 6.77% 2.23% 6.3% 10.5% 9%
Nevada NV 5 2.63% 1.02% 3.5% 2.6% 12%
Colorado CO 9 4.26% 1.37% 8.4% 4.7% 9%
West Virginia WV 5 13.02% 14.75% 6.3% 12.9% 13%
Michigan MI 17 7.39% 13.21% 5.1% 3.4% 16%
Montana MT 3 2.51% 2.88% 25.1% 20.5% 3%
Indiana IN 11 6.12% 5.58% 15.6% 20.7% 1%
Wisconsin WI 10 4.35% 10.33% 0.2% 0.4% 14%
Minnesota MN 10 11.63% 16.14% 2.4% 3.5% 10%
Tennessee * TN 11 4.65% 2.41% 3.9% 14.3% 15%
* Arkansas and Tennessee had the advantage of the native son effect with Clinton and Gore in '92 and '96.
Presidential Battleground States: A History
Forecasting References:
Election forecasting in the age of Trump - LA Times
Nate Silver, statistician, baseball player analyst, FiveThirtyEight Blog, successfully called the outcomes in 49 of the 50 states in the 2008 U.S. Presidential election.
Fundamental Models for Forecasting Elections
Source: Was Nate Silver the Most Accurate 2012 Election Pundit? - CFAR (Center for Applied Rationality)
U.S. Balance of power President - Congress
www.PresidentElectionPolls.com/
Presidential Elections at Infoplease
US Presidential Election Maps: 1860-1996 at U. Virginia
County Voting Patterns in US Presidential Elections, 1976-2000
Maps at Washington Post
Presidential Elections 1789-2000 Results by county 2000 & 2004 at USA TODAY
Red States feed, Blue states Supply at TaxProf Blog
Presidential Battleground States: A History | The Federalist
List of United States presidential elections by popular vote margin - Wikipedia
Return to Politics
last updated 18 Oct 2016


I just had an awesome weekend with the girls at the Qba courtyard. Thanks to the invitation extended by Ming and Yoke May from the Westin Group, we were given the privilege to indulge in some delectable Latin America food and free flow of alcoholic beverages.
B4 is the abbreviation for Beer+BBQ+Banda+Bandido. True to it's name, it was a joyous night of beer, cocktails, grilled food and intensely good music.
Stand boasted of being the first restaurant in Malaysia that offers al fresco buffet dining, patrons get to enjoy the chefs in action behind those live cooking action. Everything is made to order to ensure ultimate freshness and taste.
And the best part? For only RM148 ++, we get to enjoy free flow of alcoholic beverages and cocktails!
Our bottles of Corona with traditional garnish of lime wedges. Push it down and voila! The foam rises really fast and we have to down it real fast! It was a very refreshing experience.
Apart from the tantalizing varieties from the live cooking stations, we have Irish oyster and shellfish ice stands (included in the buffet) brought to the table.
The freshness of the seafood was brought up by various qba salsa's (habanero & tomato relish, jalapeno and lime crema, shadow benny, avocado).
We also had cocktel de mariscos (Seafood Cocktails) from the crustacea seafood stall. It is a special combination of scallop tiradito, salsa verde, garlic chive cress and cashew nuts.
Another cocktail was the prawn and coconut ceviche where the seafood is "cooked" by the citric acid in lime and grapefruit juice.
The next food station was the Latin America grill that uses wood fire and cast iron.
We had the seared salmon fillet with corn cakes, rosemary skewered prawns and red peppers, griddled goats cheese with spiced olives as well as the calamari and burnt tomato. Warm, gooey, melty goat cheese with a light and thin outer layer, I can just have the griddled cheese all day!
The chef prepared a myriad of sauces to complement the grills – brazilian criolla, tequila habanero bbq, red chimmichurri, pico de gallo & jus, herb butter, smoked chilli butter, herb and spice curry butter. Yes, they took their butter seriously. Have you ever tried chili butter? It is a very interesting combination.
We have some sides such as the cowboy baked cannellini beans, escallavida vegetables, columbian style baby potatoes, tomato and olive salad to go with the meaty meal.
with achiote spiced chicken, pickled jalapeno, mango salsa, guacamole, roma tomatoes, monterey jack cheddar.
That part of the world loves their rice too. We have paella, the spanish rice infused with saffron. There's also a generous amount of chicken, prawns, live black mussels and little neck clams and chorizo found on top of it. The mussels and neck clams, freshly imported from New Zealand were so fresh and sweet!
picadillo con heurvos – cuban nasi campur We have beef hash ragout, steamed rice, braised canary beans, avocado pineapple and cacao salad, hot salsa, crisp plantains, takari and caribbean lamb curry.
Last but not least, the ladies were anticipating the dulces (sweets) because we have already set aside the extra stomach space for it.
We adjourned to the bar area after our dinner. There are two floors to Qba, with the lower level acting as the bar.
We were mesmerised by the voices of the Colombian band 'Piel Latina'. Chris even took up a 10 minutes salsa lesson with one of the hot ladies up there.
Upstairs house the cigar and wine bar with elegant leather seat, maroon coloured curtain and beautiful chandeliers.
We reckon that Qba is the place to go if you wish to get a taste of some authentic Latin America food. At Rm148++, the price might sound steep but if you are a (great) drinker, it is a great value for money. A tequila shot could easily set you back at RM20 out there!
For reservation, please contact Westin Dining at 03-2731-8333 or log on to westindining.com.my.
.-= Huai Bin´s last blog ..How I got duped in China =-.
.-= J´s last blog ..Restoran Siew Yok! @ SS23 (Tmn Megah?), PJ =-.
.-= NKOTB´s last blog ..Golden Phoenix Chinese Restaurant 金鳳樓 =-.
whao, damned nice buffet man!!!!
.-= samlee860407´s last blog ..Bao Seng Durian Buffet (Eat all you Can Durian) @ Penang =-.
For RM148 with free flow of alcoholic drinks is worth every penny. Nice review, will organize an outing there soon.
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2 ppl go 50% discount…hell yea!
U hu! hu! It's Friday!


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2024 Chevrolet Silverado
The 2024 Chevrolet Silverado is expected to bring small rolling changes to the Light-Duty Silverado 1500 model following the major refresh for the 2022 model year.
Meanwhile, the Silverado Heavy-Duty models are set to receive a major refresh for 2024, including new front and rear end designs, a new interior, along with potential powertrain updates. It's worth noting that this refresh was originally scheduled for the 2023 model year, however, the product cycle is behind due to complications brought on by COVID-19 and a shortage of superconductor chips. Additionally, the fourth-generation Silverado HD pickups are currently performing extremely well in the market place.
The Medium-Duty Silverado 4500HD, 5500HD, and 6500HD trucks, on the other hand, are expected to receive minor changes and updates.
2024 Chevrolet Silverado Quick Facts
Assembly Location GM Flint Assembly in Flint, Michigan, USA, GM Fort Wayne Assembly in Fort Wayne, Indiana, USA, GM Silao Plant in Mexico, GM Oshawa Plant in Canada
Body Style(s) Light-Duty, Heavy-Duty, and Medium-Duty Pickup Trucks
Layout Front-Engined, Longitudinal
Engine(s) TBD
Transmission(s) 6-Speed Auto, 8-Speed Auto, 10-Speed Auto
Drive Wheels Rear-Wheel-Drive, Four-Wheel-Drive
Availability U.S.A., Canada, Mexico
Predecessor 2023 Chevrolet Silverado
Successor 2025 Chevrolet Silverado
Changes, Updates, New Features
The expectations described here are specific to the U.S. market and may differ for other markets.
We expect the 2024 Chevrolet Silverado to enter the U.S. market in the fall of the 2023 calendar year.
As of 2019, Silverado 1500 models have been assembled at the Silao plant in Mexico and the Fort Wayne plant in Indiana, USA.
Additionally, the Oshawa plant in Canada is currently only building Chevrolet Silverados. Production began with the Silverado HD in November. In the spring of 2022, Oshawa will begin producing Silverado 1500s, timed with the launch of the refreshed model announced earlier this year. This will make Oshawa the only GM plant to exclusively produce Silverado models, and the only plant making both light and heavy-duty trucks. The GM Flint plant in Michigan also builds heavy-duty trucks.
The Silverado Medium Duty 4500HD, 5500HD, and 6500HD are built at the Navistar Springfield plant in Springfield, Ohio, United States.
See Chevrolet Silverado sales numbers for all markets, including the United States, Canada, Mexico, and South Korea.
Chevy Silverado sales are comprised of all model variants, including light duty (1500) models, heavy duty (2500, 3500) models, and medium duty (4500, 5500, 6500) models.
Information for market (country) specified.
Sales information compiled from various sources by GM Authority and Motrolix.
Chevrolet Silverado 1500 Photos
Chevrolet Silverado HD Photos
Chevrolet Silverado Medium Duty Photos
Discuss the 2024 Chevrolet Silverado in our Chevrolet forum.
Silverado News
— 28 Jan, 2023
2024 Chevy Silverado HD LTZ In Red Hot: Live Photo Gallery
First 2024 model-year heavy-duty LTZ spotted on public roads.
2023 Chevy Silverado 1500 Officially Launches In Ecuador
Back in the country after an 11-year absence.
All Silverado News
2024 Chevrolet Silverado Pages
2024 Chevy Silverado EV WT Will Initially Be Offered With These Two Colors
New Photos Show 2024 Silverado HD Work Truck's Unique Fascia
2024 Chevy Silverado EV Spotted Undergoing Towing Test
2023 Cadillac CT5 Gets New Argent Silver Metallic Color: First LookJanuary 28, 2023
GM Stock Value Jumps 7 Percent During Week Of January 23 – January 27, 2023January 28, 2023
Here's When 2024 Cadillac Lyriq Production Will Start on:2024 Cadillac Lyriq Pricing Uncovered
Chevy Bolt EUV Discount Offers $5,700 Off In January 2023 on:2023 Chevy Bolt EV, Bolt EUV Production Start Moved Back Again
Chevy Bolt EUV Discount Offers $5,700 Off In January 2023 on:Chevy Bolt EUV Won't Get Expanded Super Cruise Driving Coverage
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Chevy Tahoe, Suburban Sales Command Segment Again In Q4 2022 on:Here Is The 2023 Chevy Tahoe RST Performance Edition

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Reka Cables provides 210 kilometres of medium voltage cables for three wind parks in Norway.
In cooperation with Norwegian network construction company Linka AS, Reka Cables will provide cabling for onshore wind parks of Geitfjellet, Harbaksfjellet and Kvenndalsfjellet in Norway. Reka's 36 kV medium-voltage cables will ensure energy transfer of altogether one hundred wind turbines.
The construction of the wind parks has started in 2018 and will be finished during 2020. The three wind parks fitted with Reka's cables will produce 1401 GWh of electricity and have an installed capacity of 420 megawatts. When ready, the six wind parks in the area will form the largest onshore wind farm in Europe.
"As renewable energy is increasing rapidly in Europe, Reka Cables has developed high-quality cable solutions specifically for wind power applications. We are proud of being part of the development towards more sustainable energy production", says Ralf Sohlström, CEO of Reka Cables.
Reka Cables' Dryrex WIND products are medium-voltage cables especially well-suited for use in wind farm energy transfer networks. They can be installed directly into the ground both on the shoreline and on terracing protruding outwards from the shore. Dryrex WIND cables may also be used in repeatedly and continuously wet soil.
Reka Cables has several years of experience in vertical cables installed in wind turbine towers. The halogen-free power and MV cables in Reka's wind power cable product range are an economical and tried-and-true solution for all kinds of wind farms, including those intended for challenging Nordic environments.
Read more about Reka Cables' wind power cable solutions.


Hi everyone. This is my first post!
I am watching for the first time on youtube and just wondering if anyone else had/has the same feelings I have towards this 2015 series so far (I'm about 3 weeks in).
I thought this series had one of the best mix of characters for a long time and (with a few exceptions) really interesting dynamics were forming. I like watching relationships, dynamics, and drama unfolding naturally and I thought this house had the perfect mix of personalities that were allowing that to happen. There was a good mix of laughter and tears and arguments and all the usual BB elements but it was all happening naturally because of the personalities.
Then, for no reason, "Big Brother" seems to have decided to create artificial drama instead. They keep injecting "twists" which I find boring and unnecessary, removed some great personalities and replaced them with new housemates that I struggle to find interest in despite BB's obvious opinion that these housemates will be better and "stir things up". I don't understand the need to mess with it, the show was fine. Now it's rubbish. Aaron leaving at the same time didn't help either (although I understand why he had to).
Every episode there seems to be a new "twist" or surprise revelation by BB. All of the "games" tasks seem to involve BB revealing things other housemates have said about each other, or making housemates give opinions about each other, in a really pathetic attempt to stir up trouble but it never works and is just boring. There is hardly any screentime devoted to just watching the dynamics and conversations in the house, unless it's related to them talking about their secret missions and twists etc.
I feel like the series had a really good start for the fist 3 weeks and BB's constant interfering has completely ruined it.
I'm just curious if other members had the same feelings at the time, or am I in the minority? And if they did feel the same or understand what I mean, do things improve again? Or should I stop wasting time and move on to a different series?
"I know I sound like a spoiled little ****. But it's true - I'm the best one."
Me! Me! Me! Me! Me! I am so sick! Of hearing! About! ME!"
You're correct. BB16 was doing fine and was shaping up to be an 8/10 series, but the ratings were naff so producers stopped it in its tracks and ruined it.
I prefer 16 to 15 but that's because of the cast.
When you thought BB15 was just a one-off and it couldn't get any worse...then we got BB16 a year later and somehow it was an even bigger mess.
The most atrocious thing is you can't even say "Well at least BB16 didn't have Helen"
You've basically seen anything worth watching of that season by 4in4out. The rest is complete and utter dirge.
Wow thanks for all the replies! I will give up on the series and not watch any more. I am really disappointed because I thought it had some good characters like Jade, Sarah and Aaron but then it turned to crap.
I appreciate your guys' help because I didn't want to waste time watching much more if it wasn't going to improve. Thank you for the recommendations of recent years that were better too.
What's the best of 13, 14 and 17? I don't like years that are dominated by bullying/aggressive characters like Rex or Charlie.
I don't necessarily HATE BB16 like most here do but I do still think it's not a very good season. My main issue with it stems from it not really knowing what it's supposed to be. It's the only season that went through a bunch of phases in the framing and presentation of it. To me it went through 4 key eras that are marginally different from each other and have varying levels of quality.
Originals Era (Days 1-18) - The cast is normal and down to earth with a bunch of contrasting personalities. You have your normal people (Chloe, Kieran, Jack, Cristian), your colorful complex people (Nick, Joel, Jade,), your fiery and over the top people (Harriet, Twins, Aaron, Eileen, Adjoa) and your ro/showmance (Danny, Sarah). Jade, Nick, and Jack are arguably the main people of the season and you learn a lot about those 3 especially. This era ends with 4in4out.
Marq Era (Days 19-32) - By now, half of the original cast has already been evicted and 4 new people are on display (I'd count Simon as an intruder tbh). The main person is Marc here. Most highlights shows revolve around him or he's at least a very prominent personality. Marc, Simon, Chloe, Nick, and Harry are the more important characters of this. Ends with Marc's fake eviction.
See what the problem is here? BB16 is a poor season because it doesn't know what season it's supposed to identify as, though I think we can all just identify it as a completely manic season full of production rigging at the forefront of it all.
full of production rigging at the forefront of it all.
Yes I agree from what I have seen. "Production rigging" is the phrase I was looking for in my original post. I hope the production team concluded this wasn't successful and learned lessons.
It seems like every "game", "task" and "twist" they throw out there is done with the aim of having specific results for specific housemates. This isn't how BB should be in my opinion (It also hardly ever seems to work the way they blatantly want it to - which they should have learned by now). They should back the ******* off, throw in the odd twist to keep things interesting sure (nobody wants another BB4), but for the most part let the housemates create their own drama.
BB17 sadly also has elements of this too but I will still say it's a good season.
As for your question on the best recent season, all 3 have popularity on par with each other so it's hard to tell what you'd like most.
13 is brilliant. The other two, not so much.
Thanks so much guys I'm excited to have found this forum.
Last edited by RichardG; 02-03-2017 at 10:02 PM.
Harry lying in bed depressed with ha fanny open waiting for Nick to knock her up basically sums up the post-4in4out portion.
Last edited by Riley.; 02-03-2017 at 11:06 PM.
I really enjoyed the first couple of weeks. Shame it turned into one of the most unbearably tedious things I've ever forced myself to watch.
IIRC almost everyone on the forum thought the first few weeks were boring. Nothing was happening, the highlights show was drab and their attempts to start drama with tasks centred around exposing housemates and their flaws were failures and didn't ignite anything major. Despite the boredom, we all still thought the 4 in 4 out twist was stupid, but at least it gave us Marc who made the series slightly better I guess.
4in4out was the worst twist ever.


text:
D.C. Mayor Proposes More Booze Reforms
Washington, D.C.'s alcohol laws are better than many places, but the District still has its fair share of rules that hurt producers and consumers. According to DCist.com, D.C. mayor Muriel Bowser is now proposing a new slate of reforms aimed at helping the city's growing craft alcohol scene:
Mayor Muriel Bowser has proposed several changes to make it easier for local alcohol manufacturers to sell their wares, including allowing wineries and distilleries to ship products directly to consumers and raising the allowable amount of alcohol in wine. They would be the latest in a slew of legislative changes over the past eight years that have allowed craft breweries, wineries, and distilleries to flourish in D.C. after five dry decades…
With the Manufacturer and Pub Permit Parity Amendment Act of 2019, Bowser is now proposing a series of tweaks that continue to respond to the city's evolving craft alcohol scene, particularly its burgeoning cider scene.
For one, it would allow for higher-proof wines (cider is considered a wine under federal and local law)—raising it from 15 percent to 21 percent.
"We have several wine pubs currently that would like to make cider that's slightly more than 15 percent alcohol by volume. We thought it made sense to bring the District in line with other jurisdictions currently," Moosally says. Wine can be up to 24 percent alcohol under federal law, 22 percent under Maryland law, and 21 percent in Virginia, Moosally says.
The new legislation would also allow wineries and distilleries to ship their products directly to consumers (currently only breweries can do so.)…
Tagged: D.C., Beer, Cider, Direct-to-consumer
Newer PostCongress Tries (Again) to Allow the Post Office to Ship Alcohol
Older PostWhy Are Dry Counties Still a Thing?


price: Earlybird £8.72 incl. booking fee General £10.90 incl.
With a sound that is rooted in jazz Ishmael Ensemble combine brass, beats and a "swirling blizzard of electronics" (Clash) to create mesmerising soundscapes. The brainchild of multi-instrumentalist & producer Pete Cunningham a.k.a. Ishmael, the band have quickly caught the attention of influential tastemakers such as Giles Peterson, Tom Robinson and just about everyone else. Their "rich and diverse sonic palette" (XLR8R) has helped them to create a unique sound and become ones to watch in the UK Jazz scene. We can't wait to see the Bristol-based jazz collective play a hometown show at Rough Trade this May.


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The theatre might have been closed for the better part of the past year, but that hasn't stopped Etienne Ferrère from refining his craft. The Singapore Dance Theatre principal artist shares what goes into making ballet look effortless.
By Mitchell Oakley Smith Jan 13, 2021
"The most special thing about ballet is that it has to look easy," says Etienne Ferrère. "Performers cannot show the strenuous side of the activity when we're on stage, and this creates a magical aspect—a make-believe that can take people on a journey." As a principal artist at Singapore Dance Theatre, where he's worked for a decade after training at the revered Paris Opera Ballet school, Ferrère knows well the physical demands of making a performance appear effortless. Having danced from a young age, he's been subject to years of the intense pressure and strains that are inherent in a sport that's physically taxing on the body. At our photo shoot for this story, Ferrère flippantly recounts some of the many injuries that he's endured: broken toes, a fractured nose. "The body is pushed beyond its limits all the time to achieve greater results, and over time it definitely takes a toll on the joints, muscles and bones," he says.
It's strange, given these rigours and challenges, that there still remains a stigma—though dwindling—about men, and perhaps more specifically boys, entering the world of dance. Perhaps the effortless-looking nature of it means that as onlookers, we can't truly appreciate the physical specificity required, and yet a landmark 1975 study by Dr James A Nicholas in The Journal of Sports Medicine ranked ballet as the most physically and mentally demanding sports activity, above bullfighting and football. "Ballet is definitely very demanding," confirms Ferrère.
Born and raised in France, the birthplace of ballet as we know it, Ferrère began dance classes from a young age, having asked to tag along with his sister. While it's more common for male dancers than for females to begin later, such as in adolescence, ballet nevertheless remains a profession that requires training from early on in life when the body is more malleable, less resistant to manipulation. "It takes years of daily practice to attain the level of fitness as well as to create the lines that are expected," explains Ferrère, referring to the universally standard body positions that make up the language of ballet. "The body's memory and awareness take years to develop, and genetics play a big role, too, as some people may be naturally more or less flexible, or more or less coordinated."
"Our body is our instrument and we need to take care of it so we can perform at our best and sustain the demanding schedule."
The other thing about ballet is that it's a full-time job. Ferrère and his colleagues begin each day by warming up and then taking class, nearly two hours of perfecting and maintaining the rigorous technique expected of their bodily movements. After, they'll spend the day rehearsing the scenes and sequences for upcoming performances. It's a routine adhered to for five to six days per week, but this doesn't take into account the additional aspects of body conditioning, such as yoga and Pilates to strengthen and realign the body, and physiotherapy sessions for injury prevention. "Our body is our instrument and we need to take care of it so we can perform at our best and sustain the demanding schedule," says Ferrère. "That said, accidents happen and dancers have to learn how to deal with injuries, both big and small. We also need to know when it is time to rest, and understand how to prevent or heal the problems that come our way."
It's understandable that the world of ballet, with its collective strive for perfection and a dancers' limited career span, is inextricably linked with mental health pressures. For Ferrère, finding a way to disconnect is important in maintaining a level of equilibrium. "I think we all have a love-hate relationship with the craft. It is our passion, therefore we always strive to get better, but that can be very frustrating. Patience and hard work are key, but we are humans and like everyone sometimes we need a break, so discovering new interests outside of ballet is important."
"[In ballet] the body is pushed beyond its limits all the time to achieve greater results, and over time it definitely takes a toll on the joints, muscles and bones."
Like most things in 2020, Singapore Dance Theatre's performance programme and touring schedule were cancelled. As at the time of writing, theatres could legally seat up to 50 patrons for a live performance, but such limited numbers aren't viable for most production companies, and so the company found itself connecting with audiences virtually through various video classes, interviews and mini performances. And while there still remains to be any official announcement about going into phase three, the company made the bold move at the end of last year in announcing its 2021 programme, titled Dance From Within, a blockbuster six-season including such significant and much-loved works as Coppélia, opening the year this March, and The Nutcracker, closing out the season for Christmas.
According to Ferrère, audience interest in and appreciation for ballet are on the rise in Singapore, an observation seemingly reaffirmed by the ambition of the company's 2021 programme. "In Europe ballet has a long history of at least a few hundred years, while in Singapore the dance heritage is still very young," he muses. "I think people still see it as an art form for those who know and understand it, but actually dance has no language and can reach and touch anyone. Over the last 10 years, the audience has grown a lot and I'm happy to see that more and more people are interested and want to support and encourage its growth."
Photographs by Sayher Heffernan
Grooming by Zann


Description: California. At Grasing's, chefs Kurt Grasing and Narsai David offer creative coastal cuisine paired with Central Coast wines. The Carmel restaurant won the Wine Spectator Award multiple years in a row and continues to please locals and visitors to this day. The restaurant has private rooms that can be reserved for business banquets, weddings or other special events. They also offer Sunday brunch and are available for catering.


text:
Q: Tangent line to a 3D curve at a given 3D point I'm trying to compute tangent vector(x,y,z) to a 3D curve(start x1,y1,z1 end x2,y2,z2) at a point (x0,y0,z0). Can anyone tell if this information is sufficient to calculate the tangent vector? If yes can anyone tell the formula with the help of some values. Help is greatly appreciated!!!

A:
Can anyone tell if this information is sufficient to calculate the tangent vector?

No. We need to know the shape of the curve.

Knowing the curve passes via $\vec{p}_s = (x_s , y_s , z_s)$ and $\vec{p}_e = (x_e , y_e , z_e)$ does not tell us anything about the shape of the curve. In the simplest case, the curve would be a straight line, and in that case its tangent is everywhere the same, $\vec{p}_e - \vec{p}_s$.

In computer programs, cubic Bézier curves are ubiquitous. They are defined using four points. The curve passes through the first point $\vec{p}_1 = (x_1 , y_1 , z_1) = \vec{p}_s$ and the last point $\vec{p}_4 = (x_4 , y_4 , z_4) = \vec{p}_e$, but the other two just control the shape of the curve. Mathematically,
$$\bbox{ \begin{cases}
x(t) = (1-t)^3 x_1 + 3 (1-t)^2 t x_2 + 3 (1-t) t^2 x_3 + t^3 x_4 \\
y(t) = (1-t)^3 y_1 + 3 (1-t)^2 t y_2 + 3 (1-t) t^2 y_3 + t^3 y_4 \\
z(t) = (1-t)^3 z_1 + 3 (1-t)^2 t z_2 + 3 (1-t) t^2 z_3 + t^3 z_4 \\
\end{cases}, \quad 0 \le t \le 1 } \tag{1}\label{NA1}$$
Note that that notation is just a good, easy form to express the curve. We could write the curve coordinates as third-degree polynomials,
$$\bbox{ \begin{cases}
x(t) = X_0 + t X_1 + t^2 X_2 + t^3 X_3 \\
y(t) = Y_0 + t Y_1 + t^2 Y_2 + t^3 Y_3 \\
z(t) = Z_0 + t Z_1 + t^2 Z_2 + t^3 Z_3 \\
\end{cases} }, \quad \bbox{\begin{cases}
X_0 = x_1 \\
X_1 = 3 x_2 - 3 x_1 \\
X_2 = 3 x_3 - 6 x_2 + 3 x_1 \\
X_3 = x_4 - 3 x_3 + 3 x_2 - x_1 \\
\end{cases} } \tag{2}\label{NA2}$$
but in computer programs $\eqref{NA1}$ is more numerically stable.
Non-uniform rational B-splines are a more general form of curves, used especially in modeling. You can obtain the tangent vectors on NURBS using basically the same way as below; you just use the NURBS equations for the coordinates instead.
If you've ever used Inkscape to doodle shapes, you probably have used the Bézier curve tool to draw cubic Bézier curves already. Start and end points are shown as boxy dots, and those control points as "handles", a circular dot connected to the start or end point on the curve. They are used in PostScript and SVG formats as well.

The tangent vector at any point $t$ along the curve is simply the derivative of the coordinates. Using $\eqref{NA2}$ above,
$$\bbox{ \begin{cases}
\displaystyle \frac{d x(t)}{d t} = X_1 + 2 X_2 t + 3 t^2 X_3 \\
\displaystyle \frac{d y(t)}{d t} = Y_1 + 2 Y_2 t + 3 t^2 Y_3 \\
\displaystyle \frac{d z(t)}{d t} = Z_1 + 2 Z_2 t + 3 t^2 Z_3 \\
\end{cases} } \tag{3}\label{NA3}$$
However, we can also describe the tangent in quadratic Bézier form, by deriving $\eqref{NA1}$, and reordering the terms. We get
$$\bbox{ \begin{cases}
\displaystyle \frac{d x(t)}{d t} = (1-t)^2 ( 3 x_2 - 3 x_1) + 2 (1-t) t ( 3 x_3 - 3 x_2 ) + t^2 ( 3 x_4 - 3 x_3 ) \\
\displaystyle \frac{d y(t)}{d t} = (1-t)^2 ( 3 y_2 - 3 y_1) + 2 (1-t) t ( 3 y_3 - 3 y_2 ) + t^2 ( 3 y_4 - 3 y_3 ) \\
\displaystyle \frac{d z(t)}{d t} = (1-t)^2 ( 3 z_2 - 3 z_1) + 2 (1-t) t ( 3 z_3 - 3 z_2 ) + t^2 ( 3 z_4 - 3 z_3 ) \\
\end{cases} } \tag{4}\label{NA4}$$
This form, $\eqref{NA4}$, is again numerically quite stable, and is very suitable for use in a computer program.

That leaves one more problem to solve: how to find the curve parameter $t$ that corresponds to a point I already have?
There are algebraic solutions for linear curves (lines), quadratic curves, and cubic curves. Essentially, you can pick one of the coordinate functions, say $x$, and solve
$$x(t) - x = 0$$
using any root-finding algorithm. For quadratic curves, you find up to two real $t$; for cubic, up to three real $t$. You ignore non-real roots and $t \lt 0$ and $t \gt 0$, and check the candidates left if $y(t) = y$ and $z(t) = z$ at sufficient precision.
In computer programs, you always do such tests as $\lvert y(t) - y \rvert \le \epsilon$ and $\lvert z(t) - z \rvert \le \epsilon$, where $\epsilon$ represents the precision in your coordinates: the largest difference in coordinates that you consider neglible. For example, if you read your point cloud coordinates with three decimals, use $\epsilon = 0.0005$.
If your computer program already implements a fast curve point evaluation function (the simple form is fast enough!), a binary search in $t$ may prove faster. (It is also a very interesting approach if you have many curve types, or use polynomial functions of possibly very high degree for your curves.)  The only "trick" needed is that because some curves have loops (i.e., the coordinates are not monotonic functions), you may have to split the initial $0 \le t \le 1$ to smaller ranges, to ensure you find the $t$ on the curve closest to the specified point, rather than a value of $t$ that is closer than its nearby points. (It is the difference between local and global minima.)
Essentially, you pick one of the coordinate functions, a range $0 \le t_{min} \lt t_{max} \le 1$ in which the function is monotonic (increases or decreases, but not both), and then
Function BSearch(coordfunc, target, tmin, tmax, epsilon):
    Let  vmin = coordfunc(tmin) - target
    Let  vmax = coordfunc(tmax) - target
    If vmin > vmax:
        Let  ttmp = tmin ; tmin = tmax ; tmax = ttmp
        Let  vtmp = vmin ; vmin = vmax ; vmax = vtmp
    End If
    If vmin > 0:
        Return tmin
    Else If vmax < 0:
        Return tmax
    End If

    Loop:
        Let  t = (tmin + tmax) / 2
        If vmax - vmin <= epsilon:
            Return  t
        End If

        Let  v = coordfunc(t) - target
        If (v < 0) and (v >= vmin):
            tmin = t
        Else
        If (v > 0) and (v <= vmax):
            tmax = t
        Else
        If (v == 0):
            Return t
        Else:
            # Function is non-monotonic.
            Return Failed
        End If
    End Loop
End Loop

The function will return the value of t that is closest to the target coordinate, within the range specified.  If it detects the function is non-monotonic, it will return Failed. Because the function is only sampled, it does not reliably detect non-monotonic functions, and can return a non-optimal t for such functions.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Knives Ganzo and multi-tools Ganzo in the USA, online catalog.
Ganzo G109 is a full-sized Multi-Tool with minimal set of necessary tools. Small number of tools makes its compact and relatively lightweight. This is an excellent Multi-Tool for daily wearing and use during fishing, hunting, etc.
One of the most popular and inexpensive models of Multi-Tools from Ganzo company is G201H model. It is a multi-functional tool that will be a great assistant during camping, a long trip and even at home. Extra-high tensile alloy will ensure reliability and long service life of the product.
Sharp and strong blade, comfortable handle, and four color configurations – these are the main characteristics of Ganzo 727M knife. This model is focused to be used outdoors or in the city as EDC knife.
Ganzo G301 Multi-Tool is one of the most stylish models produced by Ganzo. It is a compact but multi-functional sample. It consists of various but very necessary tools from pliers and screw-drivers to mini-saws and serrated blades. Great opportunity at a reasonable price!
Surprisingly, a good and high quality tool which pleases with affordable price, miniaturization and high functionality. Ganzo G104S model includes 11 tools that allows to find solutions to many tasks.
Awesome knife. Great tool and favourite toy. Please do not stop production.
I buy one, it is ok, but it does not have bearing bushing for the blade, only ordinary cooper and nylon bushing.
What should be the modern EDC-knife? Comfortable, durable, practical and such that the owner liked the look. And the Firebird FH13-SS is quite suitable for all these requirements, especially if you like the brutal all-metal construction with a dark body and characteristic stone marks.
Have you heard about knives and multitools Ganzo? And maybe personally seen and even enjoyed? If yes, then we will immediately say that this model, produced under the Firebird brand, has practically nothing to do with what you saw earlier, in the good sense of the word, of course.
Yes, until 2018 and until 2019, Ganzo knives were just a good option for the money. Now, after rebranding and revising some internal quality standards, Firebird knives compete with knives from better-known manufacturers. Moreover, new items from Firebird are captivating not only due to lower prices, but also with excellent workmanship and durability.
Ganzo is an excellent quality at the best price!
Among the wide range of Ganzo tools one can select those tools that meet the necessary purpose and professional level. For example, sharpening systems Ganzo Touch Pro Ultra, Ganzo Touch Pro, Ganzo 501 allow to sharpen different blades with high quality, including – knives with the serrated sharpening. Wherein, the user can set and fix the necessary sharpening angle. At the same time, one can buy very small pocket sharpeners such as Ganzo G505, Ganzo G506, replaceable grindstones you can take with you on hunting or hiking. They will not occupy much space but you can easily return the sharpness to your knife.
The same large variety is among Ganzo knives. At customers' services there are hunting, tourist, and city folding knives. 440C stainless steel that retains well the sharpening, as well as plastics that immune to external impact and composite materials for handles – are used for each of them. Such knife will be useful during any type of rest: during fishing, picnic, or serious hiking. Using this knife one can prepare meals, clean the fish or to cut the carcass on the hunt, open the tinned goods or cut the branch – you will not be able to list it all.
Multi-tool is a tool for those people who want to be sure that in any condition they have "at hand" tools necessary for repair. It is compact and light but combines many practical tools: from the knife and bottle-opener up to a screw-driver set, saw and awl. Of course, the central tool of each multi-tool is pliers that can also serve as cutting pliers. Every cyclist tries to put multi-tool into a bike kit, and tourists will definitely take it with them in a backpack. Using it, it is easy to repair equipment, hiking equipment and even to fix the slider on the jacket clasp.
The quality of each of Ganzo tool is confirmed with the corresponding certificates and is tested at all production stages. A further confirmation is a steadily increasing demand in various countries of the world. An excellent possibility to use the advantage of Ganzo knives and multi-tools is provided for customers.


The Academy's subjects have never been of greater value in helping us to understand and start to address the biggest challenges of our time.
There is not a single major problem that we face, be it an ageing population, migration, sustaining the environment and managing climate change, that does not require attention from both the physical sciences and from the social sciences and humanities.
This is an exciting time for the British Academy as we develop new and innovative ways to promote the role and value of the humanities and social sciences.
Championing the value of studying the humanities and social sciences to school and university students, particularly in relation to language learning.


text:
Q: How to implement BluebirdJS synchronous inspection extending a native Promise I'm updating some old code (not mine originally) that uses Bluebird promises. I'd rather use native ES6 Promises instead, but the old code uses a function Promise doesn't have, one to check if promises have been settled.
This is related to a similar question (Is there a way to tell if an ES6 promise is fulfilled/rejected/resolved?), but the solution given there is very different, so I wanted to know if the following code is a reasonable approach to the problem.
export class QueryablePromise<T> extends Promise<T> {
  private _isRejected = false;
  private _isResolved = false;
  private _isSettled = false;

  then<TResult1 = T, TResult2 = never>(
    onResolved?: ((value: T) => TResult1 | PromiseLike<TResult1>) | undefined | null,
    onRejected?: ((reason: any) => TResult2 | PromiseLike<TResult2>) | undefined | null
  ): Promise<TResult1 | TResult2> {
    const newResolved = onResolved && ((value: T): TResult1 | PromiseLike<TResult1> => {
      this._isResolved = true;
      this._isSettled = true;
      return onResolved(value);
    });
    const newRejected = onRejected && ((reason: any): TResult2 | PromiseLike<TResult2> => {
      this._isRejected = true;
      this._isSettled = true;
      return onRejected(reason);
    });

    return super.then(newResolved, newRejected);
  }

  catch<TResult = never>(
    onRejected?: ((reason: any) => TResult | PromiseLike<TResult>) | undefined | null
  ): Promise<T | TResult> {
    const newRejected = onRejected && ((reason: any): TResult | PromiseLike<TResult> => {
      this._isRejected = true;
      this._isSettled = true;
      return onRejected(reason);
    });

    return super.catch(newRejected);
  }

  finally(
    onFinally?: (() => void) | undefined | null
  ): Promise<T> {
    const newFinally = onFinally && ((): void => {
      this._isSettled = true;
      return onFinally();
    });

    return super.finally(newFinally);
  }

  get isRejected(): boolean { return this._isRejected; }
  get isResolved(): boolean { return this._isResolved; }
  get isSettled(): boolean { return this._isSettled; }
}

Basically I'm wrapping each callback passed to then, catch, and finally in another function which sets the appropriate flags and then calls the original callback. Flags could easily be set redundantly many times this way, but I don't see that as being much of a problem.
I tried to think of a way to solve this problem using the constructor for my promise subclass, and somehow put a wrapper around the original executor argument to intercept invocations of resolve and reject, but couldn't quite put my head around a way to implement that type of solution.
I also tried simply adding my own separate then, catch, and finally callbacks in a constructor for this subclass, with each having nothing to do but set my status flags, but oddly enough that resulted in a stack overflow, the constructor being called recursively until it blew up.

A: This code doesn't seem reliable as presented. You need to remember that Promises resolve automatically when created.
With the code above, this simple test would fail:
const a = new QueryablePromise((res, rej) => {
    setTimeout(() => { console.log('resolved'); res()}, 100)
});

setTimeout(() => {
console.log(a.isSettled)
}, 500);

Will output
// resolved
// false

All cases need to be considered, not only when then, catch or finally are called. I would probably override the constructor and wrap the resolve and reject functions like this:
class QueryablePromise<T> extends Promise<T> {
  private _isRejected: boolean | undefined;
  private _isResolved: boolean | undefined;
  private _isSettled: boolean | undefined;

  constructor (fn: (res: (value: T | PromiseLike<T>) => void, rej: (reason?: any) => void) => void) {
    super((resolve, reject) => fn(
      value => {
        resolve(value)
        if (value instanceof Promise || typeof value === 'object' && typeof (value as any).then === 'function') {
          (value as any).then(() => {
            this._isResolved = true;
            this._isSettled = true;
          });
        } else {
          this._isResolved = true;
          this._isSettled = true;
        }
      },
      reason => {
        reject(reason)
        this._isRejected = true;
        this._isSettled = true;
      },
    ));

    this._isRejected = false;
    this._isResolved = false;
    this._isSettled = false;
  }

  get isRejected(): boolean { return this._isRejected!; }
  get isResolved(): boolean { return this._isResolved!; }
  get isSettled(): boolean { return this._isSettled!; }
}


Clemson University Cooperative Extension Service publishes documents and guides about its programs that engage citizens to improve economic development and quality of life by delivering research-based information in agriculture, natural resources, food safety and nutrition, economic and community development, and 4-H youth development.
This newsletter describes the programs and research in which the Clemson Precision Agriculture is involved.
This paper discusses cucurbit downy mildew including symptoms and signs, how it spreads, cultural practices to limit downy mildew, spraying for cucurbit downy mildew, fungicide programs and rotation chemistry.
This document describes yellow jackets, their biology, and control.
This document describes wolf spiders, their biology, and control.
This document describes wireworms, their biology, and control.
This document describes whiteflies, their biology, and control.
This document describes white grub management for a variety of beetles including: Japanese beetles, green June beetles, May and June beetles, and Southern masked chafers.
This document describes web spinning caterpillars, their biology, and control.
This document describes velvet ants, their biology, and control.
This document describes vegetable weevils, their biology, and control.
This document describes varroa mites, their biology, and control.
This document describes ways to control cockroaches biologically and chemically.
This document describes two-spotted spider mites in strawberry production, and how to control them biologically and chemically.
This document describes two-spotted spider mites, their biology, and control.
This document describes spittlebugs, their biology, and control.
This document describes armyworms, their biology, and control.
This document describes tomato fruitworms, cutworms, hornworms, and tomato pinworms.
This document describes tobacco worms, their biology, and control.


text:
Return to Regis | Plan to Repopulate
Dear Regis community,
I hope you are just as excited as I am for the start of the fall semester. There are going to be some adjustments and challenges as we return to campus in the time of COVID-19. But I am confident we can kick off this new school year with great enthusiasm.
The staff and faculty have worked incredibly hard the past few months to ensure a safe return to campus and that there will be minimal disruption to our students educational pursuits.
Our guide for the start of the fall semester will be "Return to Regis," our comprehensive reopening plan. It not only details the physical changes you can expect to see on campus, but also the university's health and hygiene expectations, as well as our strategies for monitoring COVID-19 symptoms.
As you all know, new information about COVID-19 is discovered every day. Our "Return to Regis" plan is a flexible document that we will update regularly. All of our departments, from Academic Affairs to Health Services to Residential Life, will respond rapidly should circumstances change. We will also continue to monitor and adhere to local and state public health guidelines.
Moving forward, please be on the lookout for regular communications and updates from the following departments:
Office of Academic Affairs: Academic calendar/class schedules
Office of Student Affairs: Campus life
Health Services: Testing, contact tracing, monitoring
Office of Residential Life: Residence Halls, dining, and move-in updates
Campus will certainly look different when we return. But at the core of the Regis community is our love and service to the dear neighbor. We are all in this together and we will emerge stronger.
Students and families are invited to join the Regis Leadership team for a virtual town hall on Wednesday, July 15, at 6 p.m. to discuss the plan further and answer any questions you may have. Please check your email for the zoom invite link. There will be a separate town hall for faculty and staff later this summer.
Our priority is to provide you a safe transition back to campus and a seamless academic experience. I look forward to seeing you all very soon.
Antoinette M. Hays, PhD, RN
Get the details on the physical changes to campus, the university's health and hygiene expectations, strategies for monitoring COVID-19 symptoms, plans for move-in, and other important information.
Mission Matters
Regis College Honors Founders with Day of Service Throughout Greater Boston
Nearly 1,000 Regis College students, faculty and staff participated in a day of service on the Weston campus and in Greater Boston on Thursday, Sept. 26.
Regis Appoints Craig Davis as Chief of campus Police
Regis College is pleased to announce the appointment of Craig Davis as Chief of the Regis College Police Department.
Students of all Ages Can Spend Their Summer at Regis
Regis, a leading Catholic university in Greater Boston, is pleased to offer multiple summer programs for children in pre-kindergarten through high school seniors at its Weston campus.


This is the listing for Dequeen Post Office. Dequeen Post Office is located in De Queen, AR. Find all contact information, hours, exact location, and any additional information about Dequeen Post Office right here to get your travel documents in order. Please be advised that most passport offices require appointments, so please plan ahead.


text:
1820 Colonel Benjamin Stephenson House
409 South Buchanan Street, Edwardsville IL 62025 | 618.692.1818
Explore the oldest brick home in Madison County and delve into the history of it's original owner, Colonel Benjamin Stephenson, whose influences reach to the founding of Edwardsville and the state of Illinois. Take a docent led tour to experience what daily life would have been like in the home during the early 1800s both for it's owners and their indentured servants.
Good Sports Cards and Memorabilia
Elliott Fine Jewelers Inc.
Olive Oils & More


text:
Q: Google IMA HTML5 SDK:Get/set the ad duration I'm working on VideoJS and I'm using Google IMA HTML5 SDK API to display video ads
I need to get the duration of the ad and then need to updated the value.
Any sample code to get the duration and is it possible to update the duration of the ad tag so that a 15 sec ad can cover the 30sec ad slot?.

A: To get the ad's duration: https://developers.google.com/interactive-media-ads/docs/sdks/html5/v3/apis#ima.Ad.getDuration.
It's not possible to change the duration of the ad in the VAST response. IMA will play the creative from beginning to end, and if your intended ad break is 30-second long, you can request for another ad.


Preheat your oven to 400 ° F.
Peel and cut your beets into quarters. Place them on a baking sheet lined with parchment paper. Brush with olive oil and add thyme, salt and pepper. Bake for 40-45 minutes.
Then prepare the chickpeas. Rinse and peel them (the little transparent skin on the chickpeas must be removed). Then brush with olive oil, add thyme, salt and pepper. Place on the baking tray with the beets and cook for 25 minutes.
Finally, prepare the carrots. Peel if necessary, brush with olive oil, add thyme, salt & pepper. Place on the baking sheet and cook for 15 minutes.
While vegetables are cooking, heat a skillet over high heat with a little olive oil. Cut the hazelnuts with a knife, and fry them in the pan for a few minutes until they are golden brown.
Once all the vegetables are almost cooked, add the chèvre to the plate.
Assemble your bowls. Start with the salad, then add the roasted beets, crisp chickpeas and carrots. Add the roasted hazelnuts.
For the sauce, mix 2 tablespoons olive oil with mustard, honey and lemon juice until you get a thick but liquid sauce (add more lemon juice if necessary). Season your bowls with fresh parsley.


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Donald Trump Cancels State Visit to Denmark Over Its Refusal to Sell Greenland
The news "came as a surprise," per the Danish royals' communications director.
Ian GavanGetty Images
In early August, Donald Trump was set to become the fourth sitting president to make a state visit to Denmark. The country's monarch, Queen Margrethe II, had extended an invitation to the president and first lady to travel to the country in September.
Now, those plans have been scrapped. Yesterday, Trump tweeted that he had decided to cancel the state visit, in light of the country's refusal to sell Greenland, a semiautonomous part of the kingdom of Denmark. "Essentially, it's a large real estate deal," Trump told reporters on Sunday, claiming that Greenland's natural resources could be valuable to the U.S.
"Greenland is not for sale," Danish Prime Minister Mette Frederiksen found herself explaining to Sermitsiaq. "Greenland is not Danish. Greenland belongs to Greenland."
To add insult to injury, the next day, Trump tweeted a bizarre photoshopped image, which showed a Trump Tower in Greenland. "I promise not to do this to Greenland!" he wrote.
I promise not to do this to Greenland! pic.twitter.com/03DdyVU6HA
Then, on Tuesday night, Trump announced that he was cancelling the state visit. "Based on Prime Minister Mette Frederiksen's comments, that she would have no interest in discussing the purchase of Greenland, I will be postponing our meeting scheduled in two weeks for another time," the president wrote.
Danish politicians and royals alike were shocked. "Is this some sort of joke?" former Danish Prime Minister Helle Thorning-Schmidt tweeted. "Deeply insulting to the people of Greenland and Denmark."
The Danish Royal House's communications director was also at a loss. "This has never happened before," she told CNN, adding that the news "was a complete surprise."
More From Royal Family News
Mike Tindall Won't Talk About Meghan and Harry
Princess Margaret's Grandson Watches The Crown
Hillary Clinton Shares a Quote by Meghan Markle
Albert II Forced to Acknowledge Child from Affair
Kate Wears a Dolce and Gabbana Skirt Suit
Camilla Attends Auschwitz Liberation Commemoration
Prince Andrew Is Providing "Zero Cooperation"
Royal Twins Rock Sunglasses for Monaco Holiday
Politics in 2020
Trump Joins the Queen for a State Visit
Trump Might Plan Surprise Visit to the UK
Prince Charles Plans to Have Tea with Donald Trump
Ivanka Trump on State Visit to the U.K.
President Trump to Meet with the Queen
What to Expect at the Trumps' First State Dinner


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Childcare for employees
Eldercare for employees
Family Global Mobility
Wellbeing Programmes
Childcare for families
Eldercare for families
Payroll for families
Sarah-Jane Butler is a Rising Star Champion!
Last night, Sarah-Jane Butler, CEO and Founder of Parental Choice, was recognised by We are the City as one of five amazing women who are championing the UK pipeline of female talent.
Sarah-Jane, who attended the prestigious awards ceremony at The Landmark Hotel said she was 'stunned, but proud' to be recognised.
'I left the house yesterday morning buoyant after a pep-talk from my daughter. I told her that it was very unlikely I would win because of the awesome women there. She said, "but mummy if you have been chosen, then you must be awesome too so why shouldn't you win?".' Wise words indeed from a nine-year-old!
After being nominated she was shocked to find herself on the shortlist. Sarah-Jane, whose business works to help women return to work after having children, was humbled by the other great business leaders on the list, who were all doing their bit to champion women in the workplace.
Sarah-Jane works tirelessly to encourage businesses to recognise that life as a working parent may have its issues, but these can be very easily overcome with good planning and supportive employers, which helps with retaining female talent.
Working for a number of not-for-profit organisations, Sarah-Jane champions gender equality and diversity in the workplace, flexible working for all, recognising the role men play as parents and fair childcare for working parents.
Our congratulations go to the other Champions whose work was recognised last night. They were, Carmel McKinney OBE, Deborah Gibson, Foluke Akinlose MBE and Sarah Atkinson. More information on all the Rising Stars Champion award can be found here .
So, what of Sarah-Jane today, the morning after the night before? Well, she was on an early morning flight to Frankfurt with a client to see how Parental Choice can help working parents settling into their Frankfurt office. Follow this with a meeting with her team of consultants who are already on the ground and helping families settle into their new surroundings and tomorrow when her girls finish school she is taking a well-deserved break!
Sarah-Jane Butler set up Parental Choice in 2011 after returning to life as a lawyer in the City after the birth of her first daughter. She was astounded by the lack of useful information available about childcare options and the limited support she received from her employer. She is passionate about supporting women returning to work, guiding them an empowering them create a plan which enables them to have the career they deserve alongside the family-life they crave.
Parental Choice offers childcare searches for nannies, childminders, au-pairs, nurseries and schools and payroll, pension and legal services for families employing staff in their homes for individuals; and packages of searches, wellbeing talks and global mobility services for businesses who are looking to recognise parents in the workplace. In 2018 the business expanded and now has offices in APAC and EMEA.
Find a Nanny
info@parentalchoice.co.uk
© 2019 Parental Choice Ltd | Website by WebWorks Design
Registered in England & Wales company No. 07656195


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declining 4.76%
The locations with the highest concentration of Russian Studies degree recipients are Pittsburgh, PA, Boulder, CO, and Austin, TX. The locations with a relatively high number of Russian Studies degree recipients are Oberlin, OH, Norton Center, MA, and Appleton, WI. The most common degree awarded to students studying Russian Studies is a bachelors degree.
Information about the types of higher education institutions that grant degrees in Russian Studies and the types of students that study this field. University of Pittsburgh-Pittsburgh Campus awards the most degrees in Russian Studies in the US, but Hamilton College and Oberlin College have the highest percentage of degrees awarded in Russian Studies.
Tuition costs for Russian Studies majors are, on average, $0 for in-state public colleges, and $0 for out of state private colleges.
The most common sector, by number of institutions, that offers Russian Studies programs are Private not-for-profit, 4-year or above institutions (42 total). The most common sector, by number of degrees awarded, is Public, 4-year or above (89 completions).
Institution with the Most Degrees Awarded in Russian Studies
The most common sector, by number of degrees awarded in Russian Studies, is Public, 4-year or above (89 completions).
The following chart shows the share of universities that offer Russian Studies programs, by the total number of completions, colored and grouped by their sector.
University of Pittsburgh-Pittsburgh Campus has the most Russian Studies degree recipients, with 18 degrees awarded in 2020.
The following bar chart shows the state tuition for the top 5 institutions with the most degrees awarded in Russian Studies.
Out of all institutions that offer Russian Studies programs and have at least 5 graduates in those programs, Hamilton College has the highest percentage of degrees awarded in Russian Studies, with 1.01%.
Counties with the Most Degrees Awarded in Russian Studies
Allegheny County, PA
Boulder County, CO
This map shows the counties in the United States colored by the highest number of degrees awarded in Russian Studies by year.
Middlesex County, CT
Fairfax County, VA
Ontario County, NY
This map shows the counties in the United States colored by the highest growth in degrees awarded for Russian Studies.
Information on the businesses and industries that employ Cultural & Gender Studies graduates and on wages and locations for those in the field.
The average salary for Cultural & Gender Studies majors is $80,099 and the most common occupations are Lawyers, & judges, magistrates, & other judicial workers, Elementary & middle school teachers, and Postsecondary teachers.
The industry that employs the most Cultural & Gender Studies majors is Elementary & secondary schools, though the highest paying industry, by average wage, is Wholesale electronic markets & agents & brokers.
The closest comparable data for the 6 Digit Course Russian Studies is from the 2 Digit Course Cultural & Gender Studies.
This chart shows the average annual salaries of the most common occupations for Cultural & Gender Studies majors.
Walnut Creek (West), Lafayette, Orinda Cities & Moraga Town PUMA, CA
King of Prussia & Ardmore (East) PUMA, PA
Far Rockaway, Breezy Point & Broad Channel PUMA, NY
This map shows the public use micro areas (PUMAs) in the United States colored by the average salary of Cultural & Gender Studies majors.
Note that the census collects information tied to where people live, not where they work. It is possible that Cultural & Gender Studies majors live and work in the same place, but it is also possible that they live and work in two different places.
The most common occupations Cultural & Gender Studies majors, by number of employees, are Lawyers, & judges, magistrates, & other judicial workers, Elementary & middle school teachers, and Postsecondary teachers.
Compared to other majors, there are an unusually high number of Cultural & Gender Studies majors working as Acupuncturists, Judicial law clerks, and Fundraisers.
The highest paid occupations by median income for Cultural & Gender Studies majors are Securities, commodities, & financial services sales agents, Chief executives & legislators, and Surgeons.
The number of Cultural & Gender Studies graduates in the workforce has been growing at a rate of 4.36%, from 165,693 in 2019 to 172,921 in 2020.
The largest single share of Cultural & Gender Studies graduates go on to work as Lawyers, & judges, magistrates, & other judicial workers (5.56%). This chart shows the various jobs filled by those with a major in Cultural & Gender Studies by share of the total number of graduates.
The most common industries that employ Cultural & Gender Studies majors, by number of employees, are Elementary & secondary schools, Colleges, universities & professional schools, including junior colleges, and Legal services.
The highest paying industries of Cultural & Gender Studies majors, by average wage, are Wholesale electronic markets & agents & brokers, Securities, commodities, funds, trusts & other financial investments, and Hardware, & plumbing & heating equipment, & supplies merchant wholesalers.
The industry which employs the most Cultural & Gender Studies graduates by share is Elementary & secondary schools, followed by Colleges, universities & professional schools, including junior colleges. This visualization shows the industries that hire those who major in Cultural & Gender Studies.
PUMAS with a relatively high number of Cultural & Gender Studies majors
This map shows the public use micro areas (PUMAs) in the United States where there are a relatively high population of Cultural & Gender Studies majors.
Demographic information for those who earn a degree in Cultural & Gender Studies in the United States.
The average age of a person in the workforce with a degree in Cultural & Gender Studies is 41.1.
The most common degree type these workers hold is a Bachelors Degree. Female employees are more likely to hold Cultural & Gender Studies degrees, and White students are the most common race/ethnicty group awarded degrees in Cultural & Gender Studies (107 students).
This chart shows distribution of ages for employees with a degree in Cultural & Gender Studies. The most common ages of employees with this major are 31 and 29 years old, which represent 3.75% and 3.45% of the population, respectively.
The most common degree types awarded to students graduating in Russian Studies are Bachelors Degree, Masters Degree, and Postbaccalaureate Certificate.
The most common degree types held by the working population in Cultural & Gender Studies are Bachelors Degree, Masters Degree, and Professional degree.
This chart shows the granted degrees by sex at the 5 institutions that graduate the most students in Russian Studies.
This chart shows the number of degrees awarded in Russian Studies for each race & ethnicity. White students earned the largest share of the degrees with this major.
Bachelors DegreePostbaccalaureate CertificateMasters DegreePost-Masters Certificate
This chart illustrates the differences by sex for each race & ethnicity of Bachelors Degree recipients in Russian Studies. White Female students, who earn most of the degrees in this field, are the most common combination of race/ethnicity and sex.
United Kingdom, not specified
There are a relatively high number of people that were born in Japan that hold Cultural & Gender Studies degrees (6.76 times more than expected), and the most common country of origin by total numbers for non-US students earning a degree in this field is Mexico (2,164 degree recipients).
General Germanic Languages, Literatures, & Linguistics
Biopsychology


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Seven Sisters Stars Spin In Space
Posted by Insight Observatory
By Judith E Braffman-Miller
The Pleiades, or Seven Sisters, is an open stellar cluster that contains a glittering population of searing-hot B-Type stars. The Pleiades, less colorfully termed Messier 45 or M45, is one of the closest star clusters to our own planet, and it is also the cluster that is most easily observed with the naked eye--especially during the winter months--as it sparkles in the clear, dark, and star-blasted night sky in the constellation Taurus (The Bull). The cluster is dominated by very hot, blue, and dazzling stars that were born within the last 100 million years--a mere wink of the eye on stellar time scales. In August 2016, a team of astronomers announced their intriguing and important new observations showing that, like cosmic figure skaters caught in a fantastic pirouette, the stars of the Seven Sisters cluster are spinning--however, these celestial ice-skaters are twirling around at different speeds!
M45 - The Pleiades, or Seven Sisters Imaged by Kevin D. and Jenna F. - Students of the
Plymouth Community Intermediate School.
Astronomers for a very long time have wondered about what it is that determines the rotation rates of these sparkling stellar sisters. Now, NASA's Kepler Space Telescope, during its second-life as the K2 mission, has helped astronomers obtain the most complete catalog of rotation rates for the stars in a cluster. This important information can enable astronomers to gain a new understanding about where and how planets are born around these distant stars--and how stars evolve as they age.
Like the phoenix bird of Greek mythology, NASA's Kepler Space Telescope got a second chance at "life"--despite a crippling malfunction that brought its primary mission to an end in May 2013. Rather than giving up on the spacecraft, whose original mission was to discover how often Earth-like exoplanets occur within our own Milky Way Galaxy, a team of astronomers and engineers succeeded in developing a new strategy. The resulting second mission of this plucky spacecraft, re-named K2, not only continued Kepler's original search for distant Earth-like worlds in our Galaxy, but also introduced some new opportunities for astronomers.
"We hope that by comparing our results to other star clusters, we will learn more about the relationship between a star's mass, its age, and even the history of its solar system," explained Dr. Luisa Rebull in an August 12, 2016 NASA Press Release. Dr. Rebull is a research scientist at the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center at the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) in Pasadena, California. She is the lead author of two new papers and a co-author on a third paper about these findings, all published in the Astronomical Journal.
Twirling Sister Stars
The name of the Pleiades is derived from the ancient Greek, likely from plein ("to sail") because of the cluster's importance during the sailing season in the Mediterranean Sea. However, the name eventually became mythologized as the name of seven divine sisters who were the daughters of Pleione--hence, the designation Pleiades--or, alternatively, the "seven sisters." Historically, the Pleiades were viewed as a group of "seven" sister stars: Alcyone, Atlas, Electra, Maia, Merope, Taygeta, and Pleione. It is generally thought that the name of the star cluster came first, and Pleione was created later in order to explain it.
The great Italian astronomer Galileo Galilei was the first astronomer to observe the Pleiades through a primitive telescope, called a "spyglass,"--the first of its kind to be used for astronomical purposes. Galileo discovered that the cluster contains many stars that are far too faint to be observed with the naked eye. He published his observations, including a sketch of the Pleiades showing 36 stars, in his Sidereus Nuncius in March 1610.
The cluster radius has a core of approximately eight light-years and the tidal radius is about 43 light-years. The cluster itself hosts more than 1,000 statistically confirmed members. However, this figure excludes unresolved binary stars. It is also dominated by bright, young, hot blue stars, up to 14 of which can be observed with the naked eye depending on local observing conditions. The total mass contained in the cluster is estimated to be approximately 800 solar-masses.
The Pleiades hosts many brown dwarfs, which are sub-stellar objects, frequently referred to as "failed stars", that sport less than approximately 8% of our Sun's mass. This basically means that brown dwarfs are not heavy enough for nuclear fusion reactions to occur in their cores, thus lighting their stellar fires. Therefore, puny little brown dwarfs are unable to attain true stardom status. Brown Dwarfs may account for up to 25% of the total population of the Pleiades--although they constitute less than 2% of the total stellar mass. Astronomers have made recent important discoveries in their efforts to detect and analyze brown dwarfs in the Pleiades, as well as in other youthful star clusters. This is because the youth of these sub-stellar objects render them bright and observable--while more elderly brown dwarfs, dwelling within older star clusters, have faded and grown very dim, making them considerably more difficult to observe and study.
The true age of a star can be calculated by comparing the Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram Of Stellar Evolution for the cluster with theoretical models of stellar evolution. Using this technique, ages for the Pleiades of between 75 and 150 million years have been estimated. The wide spread in estimated ages is the result of existing uncertainties in stellar evolution models.
Another way to calculate the true age of a star cluster is by studying its lowest-mass members. In common main-sequence (hydrogen-burning) stars--as still-"living" stars are categorized in the Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram-- lithium is very quickly destroyed in nuclear fusion reactions. Little brown dwarfs--stellar "failures" that they unfortunately are--can nonetheless succeed in holding on to their lithium. Because of lithium's very low ignition temperature of 2.5 million Kelvin, the highest-mass brown dwarfs will go on to burn it eventually, and so determining the highest mass of brown dwarfs still containing lithium in the cluster can provide a clue of its age. Applying this particular technique to the Pleiades yields an age of approximately 115 million years.
The cluster is in the process of slowly making a journey in the direction of the feet of the Orion (The Hunter) constellation. Like most open clusters, the Seven Sisters will not stay gravitationally together forever. Some of the component stars will be unceremoniously evicted from the cluster as the result of unfortunate close encounters with other stars--and some will be stripped by tidal gravitational fields. Calculations indicate that the cluster will take approximately 250 million years to disintegrate, and gravitational interactions with giant, dark, and cold molecular clouds--the cradles of newborn stars--as well as with the spiral arms of our Milky Way, will also hasten the dispersion of the once-close sister stars.
Our own Sun is thought to have experienced a similar disruption of the sibling stars composing its own natal stellar family. Today our Sun is solitary, a lonely, searing-hot, brilliant and roiling stellar inhabitant of our Milky Way Galaxy. However, it probably was not always so bereft of the company of others of its kind. Our Sun was likely born a member of a dense open cluster, along with thousands of other sparkling sister stars. Many astronomers think that the baby Sun was either rudely tossed out of its birth-cluster or it simply wandered away from its sisters about 4.5 billion years ago. The long-lost, missing sisters of our Star have long since wandered away themselves to more distant regions of our Galaxy--and there very well may be as many as 3,500 of these nomadic stellar sisters of our Star.
Seven Sister Stars Spin In Space!
Because the Pleiades is one of the closest star clusters to Earth, it is the easiest to observe. It is located a mere 445 light-years away from our planet, on average, and the stars inhabiting the cluster--known individually as Pleiads--have reached stellar adolescence. At this youthful and active stage of their "lives", the stars are likely spinning as fast as they can--or ever will again.
As a typical young star evolves into stellar adulthood, it loses some of its vigor as a result of its copious emission of charged particles. Astronomers term these charged particles the stellar wind. However, when our Star's emission of charged particles occurs in our own Solar System, it is called the solar wind. The charged particles are taken for a ride on the star's magnetic fields, which generally exert a braking effect on the rotation rate of the young star.
Dr. Rebull and her colleagues delved deeper into the dynamics of stellar spin using Kepler. Because of the field of view on the sky, Kepler observed approximately 1,000 stellar inhabitants of the Pleiades over a 72 day time span. The telescope measured the rotation rates of over 750 stars in the Pleiades, including approximately 500 of the lowest mass, faintest, and smallest stellar runts, whose rotations could not be detected previously from ground-based instruments.
Kepler measurements of starlight suggest the spin rate of a star by picking up small alterations in its brightness. These alterations are the result of "starspots" which, like the more-familiar sunspots that blemish our Sun's glaring face, form when magnetic field concentrations do not allow the normal release of energy at a star's surface. The affected regions grow to become cooler than their surroundings and appear to be dark in comparison.
As a star rotates, its starspots come in and out of Kepler's view, providing a new method for determining spin rate. Unlike the small, sunspot blemishes that mark our middle-aged Sun, starspots can be enormous in stars as youthful as those twirling around in the Pleiades. This is because stellar youth is associated with greater turbulence and magnetic activity. These starspots trigger larger decreases in brightness, and also make spin rate measurements easier to obtain.
During the astronomers' observations of the Pleiades, a clear pattern began to show itself. The more massive stars tended to rotate slowly, while less massive stars rotated rapidly. The massive-and-lazy stars' periods ranged from one to 11 Earth-days. However, a large number of low-mass stars took less than a day to complete a single twirl. As a comparison, our own middle-aged, calm, and sedate Sun spins around completely only once every 26 days. The population of slow-rotating stars includes some ranging from a little bit larger, more massive, and hotter than our own Star, down to other stars that are somewhat smaller, less massive, and cooler. On the far end, the fast-rotating, swift, lowest mass stars possess as little as a tenth of our Sun's mass.
"In the 'ballet' of the Pleiades, we see that slow rotators tend to be more massive, whereas the fastest rotators tend to be very light stars," Dr. Rebull continued to note in the August 12, 2016 NASA Press Release.
Dr. Rebull and her team propose that the primary cause of these differing spin rates is the internal structure of the individual stars. The larger and more massive stars contain an enormous core that is blanketed by a slender layer of stellar material that is experiencing convection. Convection is a familiar process to most people who have watched the circular swirls of boiling water in a pot. On the other hand, smaller, less massive stars, are made up almost entirely of convective, roiling regions. As the stars age, this braking mechanism--derived from magnetic fields--more readily slows the spin rate of the outermost, slender layer of large, massive stars, in contrast to the comparatively turbulent and thick bulk of small, swift stars.
Because the Pleiades is close to Earth, the astronomers suggest that it should be possible to unravel the complex interactions between stellar spin rates and other stellar properties. Those additional properties, in turn, can exert an important influence on stellar climates, as well as the habitability of any orbiting exoplanets that a given star may host. For example, as a dancing star's pirouette slows down, the generation of starspots also slows down, and the resulting stellar storms that go hand-in-hand with starspots become far less frequent. Fewer stellar storms result in less powerful and destructive blasts of radiation into space, so dangerous to orbiting planets and their potentially emerging delicate tidbits of budding life.
"The Pleiades star cluster provides an anchor for theoretical models of stellar rotation going both directions, younger and older. We still have a lot we want to learn about how, when and why stars slow their spin rates and hang up their 'dance shoes,' so to speak," Dr. Rebull added.
Currently, Dr. Rebull and her team are analyzing K2 mission data of an older star cluster, named Praesepe, that is more popularly known as the Beehive Cluster. The team of astronomers seek to further study the phenomenon in stellar evolution and structure.
"We're really excited that K2 data of star clusters, such as the Pleiades, have provided astronomers with a bounty of new information and helped advance our knowledge of how stars rotate throughout their lives," explained Dr. Steve Howell in the August 12, 2016 NASA Press Release. Dr. Howell is project scientist for the K2 mission at NASA's Ames Research Center in Moffett Field, California.
Judith E. Braffman-Miller is a writer and astronomer, whose articles have been published since 1981 in various newspapers, magazines, and journals. Although she has written on a variety of topics, she particularly loves writing about astronomy, because it gives her the opportunity to communicate to others the many wonders of her field. Her first book, "Wisps, Ashes, and Smoke," will be published soon.
Article Source: Seven Sister Stars Spin In Space
Posted by Insight Observatory on August 22, 2016
Labels: astronomy education, backyard telescopes, blue stars, Caltech, Charles Messier, Judith E Braffman-Miller, M45, Pleiades, seven sisters, star cluster, stargazing, Taurus
Dale Alan Bryant 8/23/2016 09:27:00 PM
I enjoy her writing style - colorful, lively; kinetic seems appropriate. Leisurely, but technical enough to keep it moving along, at a comfortable clip.


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Financial data news worldwide
An overview of consulting news in the category Financial data in all countries:
Argentina Australia Canada China Cyprus Denmark Egypt Finland France Germany India Indonesia Ireland Malaysia Mexico Morocco Netherlands Norway Oman Saudi Arabia Singapore Sweden Switzerland Thailand Trinidad and Tobago Ukraine United Kingdom United States
Financial data 288
Corporate Finance 1 Digital 2 eCommerce 1 Finance 2 Human Resources 2 Management 1 Marketing 2 Mergers & Acquisitions 1 Performance Management 1 Property Management 1 Recruitment 1 Risk & Compliance 1 Strategy 1
Accounting 12 Banking 3 Financial Services 3 Food & Beverage 1 Government 1 Healthcare 1 ICT 2 Legal 2 Manufacturing 1 Oil & Gas 1 Online 1 Private Equity 3 Real Estate 1 Retail 1 SME 1 Technology 1
Brexit 1 Crisis 7 Economy 1 Emerging Markets 1 Labour Market 1
Oceania | Australia
Global revenues of RSM jump by 16% to $7.3 billion For the first time in its history, RSM has broken through the revenue barrier of US$7 billion, firmly cementing its position behind BDO as the second largest mid-tier accounting and consulting networ
Europe | United Kingdom
BDO enjoys 15% global revenues hike to hit $11.8 billion Professional services network BDO has cemented its place as the world's fifth-largest consulting and audit firm.
BDO boosts global revenues by 15% to record $11.8 billion The world's fifth largest accounting and consulting network – BDO – continues to pull ahead of its nearest rivals, posting growth of 15% in US dollar terms in its latest financial year.
North America | United States
RSM reports 15.8% revenue growth, promotes 83 to partner and principal in US RSM International reported $7.26 billion in revenue for 2021 on the back of rising global demand for consulting services.
Middle East | Regional
Devoteam kicks off 2022 in style with a 30% jump in headcount Digital transformation firm Devoteam has kicked off 2022 in grand style, announcing that the firm has – despite the pandemic-induced disruption – managed to grow its Middle East headcount by o
KPMG global revenues up by 10% to break $30 billion barrier KPMG has surpassed the $30 billion mark in global revenues for the first time in its history. The milestone comes as a result of double-digit growth in the firm's latest financial year.
Europe | France
Wavestone aims to hit €750 million revenue mark by 2025 International consulting firm Wavestone has unveiled the details of its new strategic plan, including the aim to hit €750 million in revenues by 2025.
Consultancy division of Taylor Rose enjoys boom in revenue As the consulting sector continues to disrupt the legal market, legal firm Taylor Rose has seized the initiative by pivoting to offer its own consulting wing.
North America | Canada
PwC Canada posts solid 5.1% growth in FY 2021 PwC Canada has posted solid revenue growth for the 12 months ending June 30, 2021, reporting 5.1% growth (at constant exchange rates). PwC's global network saw revenues increase 4.
Elixirr accelerates out of the pandemic with strong growth Over the last six months of 2021, Elixirr's team has worked hard to deliver lasting change to its global clients, helping them harness innovation and technology to come out ahead of the curve in the
Elixirr posts strong first half, boosts revenue by 77% Elixirr, a London-headquartered global management consultancy, saw revenue grow by 77% across its global operations in the six months ending June 30, 2021.
Grant Thornton US posts $1.97 billion in revenues in FY 2021 Grant Thornton US saw revenues grow by 2.6% to $1.97 billion in from the fiscal year ended July 31, 2021, up from $1.92 billion in FY 2020.
CGI looking to double in size in next five to seven years CGI, a Montreal-headquartered global IT consulting firm, is planning to double in size over the next five to seven years via acquisitions and organic growth, according to a Bloomberg report.
Covid-19? Deloitte's global revenue cracks the $50 billion mark While the global pandemic has laid waste to an untold number of businesses around the world, Deloitte isn't one of them – the professional services giant recording a record-breaking $50.
EY cracks $40 billion global revenue mark for the first time Global professional services firm EY has cracked the $40 billion mark in global revenues for the first time, with its Asia Pacific region the fastest growing regional market.
Deloitte and EY book growth and hit global revenue milestones Deloitte and EY have become the latest Big Four members to release their global results for the last financial year.
Deloitte surpasses $50 billion in revenue for first time Deloitte announced that its fiscal year 2021 revenues grew by 5.5% to reach $50.2 billion – making it the first Big Four accounting and consulting firm to breach the $50-billion revenue mark.
PwC remains the largest of the Big Four in Australia PwC has retained – and even expanded – its position as Australia's largest Big Four accounting and consulting firm.
Quantuma grows headcount by 45% in 12 months Due to heightened demand, corporate turnaround consultancy Quantuma has grown its team by 45% over the last year. The news coincides with its appointment of Brian Burke as a Managing Director.
PwC grows its Big Four leadership in Australia with $2.6b revenues PwC has expanded its position as Australia's largest Big Four accounting and consulting firm, navigating a challenging economic landscape to book $2.6 billion in revenues.


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Streetsblog contributor Stephen Box announces his candidacy for City Council in the 4th District. Follow him on Twitter, Facebook, YouTube or just visit his webpage by clicking the embedded links. To read his opening press release, read on after the jump.
Whitman Comes Out Against High Speed Rail, Calls Program Costly (Merc-News)
Gov. Goes for a Bike Ride. Leaves Helmet at Home (Daily Mail)
Santa Monica's New Sharrows the Start of a New Plan (Lookout!)
Glendale Wants Ped. Bridge to Connect City to Griffith Park (LA_Now)
L.A.'s Downtown Gets a Nod from Up North (SF Examiner)
Blue Line Crash Shows Train Ran light First (LAT)
Metro's Report Coming This Thursday (The Source)
Walk of Fame Turns 50 in Hollywood (Daily News)
Looks Like Some Progress Was Made on the Malibu/PCH Issue in the Comments Section
Stephen Box Announces Candidacy for Los Angeles City
Hollywood, CA – Stephen Box, community
organizer and transportation activist, announced his candidacy for Los
Angeles City Council. Seeking the fourth district seat, Box's
"Forward… for a Greater LA" campaign is a vision-driven, active
solution alternative to traditional City Hall politics.
"I believe in Los Angeles and I love Hollywood, but these are
challenging times. We must learn from the past, not hope for its return.
We must pursue L.A.'s destiny as a 'City of the Future' and I'm here to
move Los Angeles forward," said Box.
challenges voters to consider the choice between more of the same and a
city that works. His platform builds on a foundation of four
commitments:
A Vision that Connects:
The City of Los Angeles must connect its boundless potential with a
commitment to improve the quality of life for those who live, work, and
operate businesses. L.A.'s vision must connect the 91 neighborhood
councils, 35 community plans, 15 council districts, and 45 city
departments in a commitment that transcends traditional boundaries. Most
of all, it is imperative that CD4 connect its rich history with the
abundant opportunity that lies ahead. It's time for Los Angeles to
connect with its destiny as a great city and CD4 is the place to start.
A Plan that Endures: The City of Los Angeles must bring its
vision to life with a General Plan that endures. The plan must be more
than a suggestion. The people of L.A. can no longer afford to live in an
environment where vision plans battle with specific plans, master plans
contradict community plans, and they are forced to sit by as growth
follows the whims of developers. CD4 is attractive to developers for all
the wrong reasons and it is imperative that the community grow
according to a "plan that endures."
Budget that Sustains: The City of Los Angeles must develop and implement
a budget that is based on a commitment to the city's vision and plan,
committing resources to the support and enhancement of the elements that
improve the quality of life in our neighborhoods. L.A.'s budget must
build on opportunity and drive prosperity, not submit the people to a
repetition of a past that codifies mediocrity and perpetuates
inefficiency. Now is the time to insist on a city budget based on a
commitment to performance, efficiency and effectiveness. CD4 is an
abundantly diverse community with a vigorous economy and it is
imperative that the city's budget commit to supporting the quality of
life by allocating the necessary resources.
A City that Works: The City of Los Angeles must put people
first, engaging them, serving them, and evaluating performance based on
the delivery of city services. There is no better time than now for L.A.
to move from a complaint-driven system to a standards-driven city, one
that delivers on its vision, commitment and potential. Most of all,
L.A.'s greatest asset is its people. It's time for the City of L.A. to
make its priority putting people to work, starting with CD4.
Stephen Box is a first-time candidate, newly-minted
American citizen and a veteran of civic engagement, community campaigns,
and grassroots politics.
Contact: Stephen Box,
Candidate for District 4
Box4CityCouncil@Gmail.com
www.StephenBox4CityCouncil.com
twitter.com/Box4CC – facebook.com/Box4CC
– youtube.com/Box4CC
for by Box for City Council, 2011