text:
New York/
Family Court Act/
New York Consolidated Laws, Family Court Act - FCT § 440. Order of support
Current as of January 01, 2021 | Updated by FindLaw Staff
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1. (a) Any support order made by the court in any proceeding under the provisions of article five-B of this act, pursuant to a reference from the supreme court under section two hundred fifty-one of the domestic relations law or under the provisions of article four, five or five-A of this act (i) shall direct that payments of child support or combined child and spousal support collected on behalf of persons in receipt of services pursuant to section one hundred eleven-g of the social services law , or on behalf of persons in receipt of public assistance be made to the support collection unit designated by the appropriate social services district, which shall receive and disburse funds so paid; or (ii) shall be enforced pursuant to subdivision (c) of section five thousand two hundred forty-two of the civil practice law and rules at the same time that the court issues an order of support; and (iii) shall in either case, except as provided for herein, be effective as of the earlier of the date of the filing of the petition therefor, or, if the children for whom support is sought are in receipt of public assistance, the date for which their eligibility for public assistance was effective. Any retroactive amount of support due shall be support arrears/past due support and shall be paid in one sum or periodic sums, as the court directs, and any amount of temporary support which has been paid to be taken into account in calculating any amount of such retroactive support due. In addition, such retroactive child support shall be enforceable in any manner provided by law including, but not limited to, an execution for support enforcement pursuant to subdivision (b) of section fifty-two hundred forty-one of the civil practice law and rules . When a child receiving support is a public assistance recipient, or the order of support is being enforced or is to be enforced pursuant to section one hundred eleven-g of the social services law , the court shall establish the amount of retroactive child support and notify the parties that such amount shall be enforced by the support collection unit pursuant to an execution for support enforcement as provided for in subdivision (b) of section fifty-two hundred forty-one of the civil practice law and rules , or in such periodic payments as would have been authorized had such an execution been issued. In such case, the court shall not direct the schedule of repayment of retroactive support. Where such direction is for child support and paternity has been established by a voluntary acknowledgment of paternity as defined in section forty-one hundred thirty-five-b of the public health law , the court shall inquire of the parties whether the acknowledgment has been duly filed, and unless satisfied that it has been so filed shall require the clerk of the court to file such acknowledgment with the appropriate registrar within five business days. The court shall not direct that support payments be made to the support collection unit unless the child, who is the subject of the order, is in receipt of public assistance or child support services pursuant to section one hundred eleven-g of the social services law . Any such order shall be enforceable pursuant to section fifty-two hundred forty-one or fifty-two hundred forty-two of the civil practice law and rules , or in any other manner provided by law. Such orders or judgments for child support and maintenance shall also be enforceable pursuant to article fifty-two of the civil practice law and rules upon a debtor's default as such term is defined in paragraph seven of subdivision (a) of section fifty-two hundred forty-one of the civil practice law and rules . The establishment of a default shall be subject to the procedures established for the determination of a mistake of fact for income executions pursuant to subdivision (e) of section fifty-two hundred forty-one of the civil practice law and rules . For the purposes of enforcement of child support orders or combined spousal and child support orders pursuant to section five thousand two hundred forty-one of the civil practice law and rules , a "default" shall be deemed to include amounts arising from retroactive support. Where permitted under federal law and where the record of the proceedings contains such information, such order shall include on its face the social security number and the name and address of the employer, if any, of the person chargeable with support provided, however, that failure to comply with this requirement shall not invalidate such order.
(b) (1) When the court issues an order of child support or combined child and spousal support on behalf of persons in receipt of public assistance or in receipt of services pursuant to section one hundred eleven-g of the social services law , the support collection unit shall issue an income execution immediately for child support or combined spousal and child support, and shall issue an execution for medical support enforcement in accordance with the provisions of the order of support unless: (i) the court finds and sets forth in writing the reasons that there is good cause not to require immediate income withholding; or (ii) when the child is not in receipt of public assistance, a written agreement providing for an alternative arrangement has been reached between the parties. Such written agreement may include an oral stipulation made on the record resulting in a written order. For purposes of this paragraph, good cause shall mean substantial harm to the debtor. The absence of an arrearage or the mere issuance of an income execution shall not constitute good cause. When an immediate income execution or an execution for medical support enforcement is issued by the support collection unit, such execution shall be issued pursuant to section five thousand two hundred forty-one of the civil practice law and rules , except that the provisions thereof relating to mistake of fact, default and any other provisions which are not relevant to the issuance of an execution pursuant to this paragraph shall not apply; provided, however, that if the support collection unit makes an error in the issuance of an execution pursuant to this paragraph, and such error is to the detriment of the debtor, the support collection unit shall have thirty days after notification by the debtor to correct the error. Where permitted under federal law and where the record of the proceedings contains such information, such order shall include on its face the social security number and the name and address of the employer, if any, of the person chargeable with support; provided, however, that failure to comply with this requirement shall not invalidate such order. When the court determines that there is good cause not to immediately issue an income execution or when the parties agree to an alternative arrangement as provided in this paragraph, the court shall provide expressly in the order of support that the support collection unit shall not issue an immediate income execution. Notwithstanding any such order, the support collection unit shall issue an income execution for support enforcement when the debtor defaults on the support obligation, as defined in section five thousand two hundred forty-one of the civil practice law and rules . When an income execution for support enforcement is issued pursuant to this paragraph, such income execution shall supersede any income deduction order previously issued for enforcement of the same support order pursuant to subdivision (c) of section five thousand two hundred forty-two of the civil practice law and rules , whereupon such income deduction order shall cease to have further effect.
(2) When the court issues an order of child support or combined child and spousal support on behalf of persons other than those in receipt of public assistance or in receipt of services pursuant to section one hundred eleven-g of the social services law , the court shall issue an income deduction order pursuant to subdivision (c) of section five thousand two hundred forty-two of the civil practice law and rules at the same time at which it issues the order of support. The court shall enter the income deduction order unless the court finds and sets forth in writing: (i) the reasons that there is good cause not to require immediate income withholding; or (ii) that an agreement providing for an alternative arrangement has been reached between the parties. Such agreement may include a written agreement or an oral stipulation, made on the record, that results in a written order. For purposes of this paragraph, good cause shall mean substantial harm to the debtor. The absence of an arrearage or the mere issuance of an income deduction order shall not constitute good cause. Where permitted under federal law and where the record of the proceedings contains such information, the order shall include on its face the social security number and the name and address of the employer, if any, of the person chargeable with support; provided, however, that failure to comply with this requirement shall not invalidate the order. When the court determines that there is good cause not to immediately issue an income deduction order or when the parties agree to an alternative arrangement as provided in this paragraph, the court shall not issue an income deduction order. In addition, the court shall make provisions for health insurance benefits in accordance with the requirements of section four hundred sixteen of this article.
(c) Any order of support issued on behalf of a child in receipt of family assistance or child support enforcement services pursuant to section one hundred eleven-g of the social services law shall be subject to review and adjustment by the support collection unit pursuant to section one hundred eleven-n of the social services law , section two hundred forty-c of the domestic relations law and section four hundred thirteen-a of this article. Such review and adjustment shall be in addition to any other activities undertaken by the support collection unit relating to the establishment, modification, and enforcement of support orders payable to such unit.
2. The court shall require any person chargeable with support under the provisions of article five-B of this act or under any support order made pursuant to a reference from the supreme court under section two hundred fifty-one of the domestic relations law or in any proceeding under the provisions of article four, five or five-A of this act to provide his or her social security number, the name and address of his or her employer and to report any changes of employer or change in employment status affecting compensation received, including rate of compensation or loss of employment, to the support collection unit designated by the appropriate social services district and to keep such support collection unit advised of his or her current employer and current employment status; provided, however, that a social security number may be required only where permitted under federal law.
3. The amount of support determined in accordance with the statewide child support standards, as set forth in section four hundred thirteen of this act, shall constitute prima facie evidence of the ability of any person chargeable with support in accordance with the provisions of article three-A of the domestic relations law or under any support order made pursuant to a reference from the supreme court under section two hundred fifty-one of the domestic relations law or in any proceeding under the provisions of article four, five or five-A of this chapter to support or contribute such amount towards the support of his or her children.
4. Any support order made by the court in any proceeding under the provisions of article five-B of this act, pursuant to a reference from the supreme court under section two hundred fifty-one of the domestic relations law or under the provisions of this article or article five or five-A of this act shall include, on its face, a notice printed or typewritten in a size equal to at least eight point bold type:
(a) informing the respondent that a willful failure to obey the order may, after court hearing, result in commitment to jail for a term not to exceed six months for contempt of court, and
(b) informing the parties of their right to seek a modification of the child support order upon a showing of:
(i) a substantial change in circumstances; or
(ii) that three years have passed since the order was entered, last modified or adjusted; or
(iii) there has been a change in either party's gross income by fifteen percent or more since the order was entered, last modified, or adjusted;
however, if the parties have specifically opted out of subparagraph (ii) or (iii) of this paragraph in a validly executed agreement or stipulation, then that basis to seek modification does not apply.
5. The court shall direct that a copy of any child support or combined child and spousal support order issued by the court on or after the first day of October, nineteen hundred ninety-eight, in any proceeding pursuant to a reference from the supreme court under section two hundred fifty-one of the domestic relations law or under the provisions of article four, five, five-A or five-B of this act be provided promptly to the state case registry established pursuant to subdivision four-a of section one hundred eleven-b of the social services law .
6. Any order of support made by the court shall provide for health insurance benefits pursuant to section four hundred sixteen of this article.
Cite this article: FindLaw.com - New York Consolidated Laws, Family Court Act - FCT § 440. Order of support - last updated January 01, 2021 | https://codes.findlaw.com/ny/family-court-act/fct-sect-440.html
Read this complete New York Consolidated Laws, Family Court Act - FCT § 440. Order of support on Westlaw

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Recent review: Good communication, great performance, came on time. Would hire again.
Arriving on the music scene in the late 19th century, Mariachi Bands brought an upbeat yet traditional sound to Mexican culture. With a blend of guitars, violins, trumpets, the guitarron, and the vihuela, Mariachi music can truly liven up a party! The upbeat authentic Mexican folk music is the perfect accompaniment for wedding receptions, Cinco de Mayo parties, and so much more. Search for Mariachi Bands in Stamford, Connecticut above.
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text:
<?php
namespace Wisembly\AmqpBundle;

/**
 * Value object for an AMQP connection information
 *
 * @author Baptiste Clavié <clavie.b@gmail.com>
 */
class Connection
{
    /** @var string */
    private $name;

    /** @var string */
    private $host;

    /** @var integer */
    private $port;

    /** @var string */
    private $login;

    /** @var string */
    private $password;

    /** @var string */
    private $vhost;

    /** @var string */
    private $query;

    public function __construct(
        string $name,
        string $host,
        ?int $port,
        ?string $login,
        ?string $password,
        ?string $vhost,
        ?string $query
    ) {
        $this->name = $name;
        $this->host = $host;
        $this->port = $port;
        $this->login = $login;
        $this->password = $password;
        $this->vhost = $vhost;
        $this->query = $query;
    }

    public function getName(): string
    {
        return $this->name;
    }

    public function getHost(): string
    {
        return $this->host;
    }

    public function getPort(): ?int
    {
        return $this->port;
    }

    public function getLogin(): ?string
    {
        return $this->login;
    }

    public function getPassword(): ?string
    {
        return $this->password;
    }

    public function getVhost(): ?string
    {
        return $this->vhost;
    }

    public function getQuery(): ?string
    {
        return $this->query;
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Among friends and family I am famous for avoiding conflict. Once, when I was pitching in a college baseball game, my catcher signaled that I try to hit the batter as payback for his high-cleat slide that nearly injured our shortstop an inning earlier. I shook off the call. He repeated the signal. I shook it off. He called time and jogged out to the mound. "What are you doing?" he said. "What the Dalai Lama would do," I said.
More recently, in the seating area at a busy food court, I was thrilled to find one of the last open tables for my three-year-old son, and my wife, who was six months pregnant. Out of nowhere, a middle-aged man with a giant gold watch nudged past me and sat down, signaling his friend to join him. A few minutes later, my wife found me sitting on the edge of the fountain. "Busy today," I said. In the park later that day, what I thought were dried walnut leaves poisoning the ground turned out to be a puddle of freezing water.
The family in front of us ordered three maple bars and a half-dozen doughnut holes. Their total came to $6.66.
"Whoa!" said the man, looking at his wife, but she was rubbing sanitizer into her toddler's hands. The man caught my eye.
"Yeah!" I said, faking a little enthusiasm. To appear more convincing I turned to my son and explained, "In the Book of Revelation, 666 is a beast. A symbol for the antichrist," I said, "The devil." My son just stared.
The man picked up his plastic doughnut tray and walked his family to a far table. His wife looked at me over her shoulder.
A few minutes later we were sitting down when another family took the table behind ours. Recognizing their voices as voices, but not their language, my son turned around for a better look. The back of my neck warmed. I knew I should have told him that it's rude to stare and that he needed to stop, but for some reason I didn't. Who am I to say what is and isn't worthy of his attention, especially if it stems from a genuine curiosity for the novelty of a new language? Besides, I reasoned, maybe he would come to notice that the little girl was eating the same doughnut he was eating; they both love the same concoction of sugar and cocoa powder, flour and oil.
It seems more likely that my son's habit of staring is only the first drop of rain from that huge cloud we all move around in, obscured in our assumptions about others. But my lifelong habit of avoiding conflict, often at the expense of other people's comfort, left me feeling utterly unprepared to actually intervene in a situation that had the very real potential to offend.
Finally turning around in his seat, my son said, "Daddy, they're silly," then returned to his doughnut. My palms were sweating. I gave him the crayons and paper I packed in my bag. Lowering my head over my own piece of paper, I wrote: Momo is awake at 4 a.m., rolling dough for people like us.
Soon, a man entered the doughnut shop wearing cargo shorts, a camouflage backpack, a flashlight stuffed in a side-pocket. His inhaler hung from a chain around his neck. When he ordered a dozen doughnut holes, my son looked up from his drawing (hot air balloons) and said aloud what he saw, "That man is all by himself." Outside on the street the sudden racket meant it was raining.
My son returned to his drawing and did not see the man hold out a prescription bottle into which Momo slid his change so he wouldn't have to touch the dirty coins. When the man turned to leave he did not look at us or anyone else, and for a moment I thought we were insulated from his catastrophe. One thing followed another until we left through the glass door Momo painted green, my son holding his drawing the rain put an end to.
Rob Schlegel is the author of The Lesser Fields (Center for Literary Publishing, 2009), and January Machine (Four Way Books, 2014). With the poet Daniel Poppick, he edits The Catenary Press.


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text:
Måltiden (finska: Ateria) är en oljemålning av den finländske konstnären Pekka Halonen från 1899.

Pekka Halonen följde 1898 Juhani Ahos exempel och flyttade till Tusby. Han bodde där på Perttilä gård i Tuomala by i Tusby och hade där utrymme att måla monumentala folklivsskildringar. Det var där som oljemålningen Måltiden tillkom 1899, och även Vägröjare i Karelen ett år senare. Vintern 1898 köpte Pekka Halonen den närbelägna tomt vid Tusby träsk, där han med hjälp av sin bror Antti lät uppföra ateljéhuset Halosenniemi som arbetsplats och permanent bostad.

Måltiden var den första målning som paret Marie-Louise (1913–88) och Gunnar Didrichsen (1903–92), som gift sig 1939, gemensamt köpte in 1942 till den konstsamling, som senare skulle bli grunden för Didrichsens konst- och kulturmuseum på Granö i Helsingfors. Målningen inköptes av ägaren till en privatsamlare i Brunnsparken i Helsingfors, som bodde i en byggnad vid Östra Allén, där nu den amerikanska ambassaden i Helsingfors ligger. Året efter förstördes huset helt av sovjetryska flygbombningar av staden. Paret Didrichsen fortsatte sedan under 1940-talet att främst inköpa konstverk från den finländska guldåldern, av Eero Järnefelt, Axel Gallen-Kallela och Pekka Halonen.

Målningen avbildar fem män vid ett matbord och en ung kvinna som passar upp. Bilden är hårt beskuren.

Källor
Måltiden på ehive.com
En kulturens oas i Helsingfors – Didrichsens museum för konst och kultur, Didrichsens museum för konst och kultur, Helsingfors 201, , sidorna 8–9

Noter

Målningar på Didrichsens konst- och kulturmuseum
Målningar 1899
Målningar av Pekka Halonen
Genremålningar
Målningar med motiv från Nyland

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Q: Creating a weekend dummy variable I'm trying to create a dummy variable in my dataset in R for weekend i.e. the column has a value of 1 when the day is during a weekend and a value of 0 when the day is during the week.
I first tried iterating through the entire dataset by row and assigning the weekend variable a 1 if the date is on the weekend. But this takes forever considering there are ~70,000 rows and I know there is a much simpler way, I just can't figure it out.
Below is what I want the dataframe to look like. Right now it looks like this except for the weekend column. I don't know if this changes anything, but right now date is a factor. I also have a list of the dates fall on weekends:
weekend <- c("2/9/2013", "2/10/2013", "2/16/2013", "2/17/2013", ... , "3/2/2013")

date          hour          weekend
2/10/2013     0             1
2/11/2013     1             0
....          ....          ....

Thanks for the help

A: It might be safer to rely on data structures and functions that are actually built around dates:
dat <- read.table(text = "date          hour          weekend
+ 2/10/2013     0             1
+ 2/11/2013     1             0",header = TRUE,sep = "")
> weekdays(as.Date(as.character(dat$date),"%m/%d/%Y")) %in% c('Sunday','Saturday')
[1]  TRUE FALSE

This is essentially the same idea as SenorO's answer, but we convert the dates to an actual date column and then simply use weekdays, which means we don't need to have a list of weekends already on hand.

A: DF$IsWeekend <- DF$date %in% weekend

Then if you really prefer 0s and 1s:
DF$IsWeekend <- as.numeric(DF$IsWeeekend)

A: I would check if my dates are really weekend dates before.
weekends <- c("2/9/2013", "2/10/2013", "2/16/2013", "2/17/2013","3/2/2013")
weekends = weekends[ as.POSIXlt(as.Date(weekends,'%m/%d/%Y'))$wday %in% c(0,6)]

Then using trsanform and ifelse I create the new column
transform(dat ,weekend = ifelse(date %in% as.Date(weekends,'%m/%d/%Y') ,1,0 ))

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
barbara spinelli
Ex deputata al Parlamento Europeo nel gruppo GUE/NGL
Al parlamento
Interrogazioni e lettere
Majority Report
Focus migrazioni
Archivio Tag
MEP: In the long term, migrants will be part of solution in Europe
di Redazione venerdì, giugno 15, 2018 0 Articoli e interviste Dublin system, Europe, France, migrants	Permalink
Karolina Zbytniewska with Ninon Bulckaert
More and more voices are calling for an urgent reform of the strained Dublin asylum system as migrants continue arriving across the Mediterranean and migration takes centre stage in Europe again.
In an interview with EURACTIV's Karolina Zbytniewska, Barbara Spinelli, an Italian MEP for the Confederal Group of the European United Left – Nordic Green Left, is positive: "If we did not have the Dublin rules or if we had changed them, we wouldn't be having what is now happening in Italian ports and in the Mediterranean."
The refusal of Italy and Malta to take in the rescue ship Aquarius packed with migrants this week has shone a light on the flaws of European solidarity and underlined the urgent need to reform the Dublin asylum system. EURACTIV.fr reports.
Barbara Spinelli is the daughter of Altiero Spinelli, an anti-fascist politician who is considered to be one of the founding fathers of the European Union. The main building of the European Parliament in Brussels is named after him.
Spinelli denounced what she called "the lack of solidarity in the European Union". "You cannot discuss solidarity. First, you open the ports, and then you discuss the issue."
She referred to the decision by Italy and Malta not to receive the Aquarius ship, belonging to a French NGO and carrying 629 migrants. The boat was left stranded at sea for several days, while European countries refused to take the responsibility for it. France, which has ports in the Mediterranean, remained silent. Spain finally allowed the migrants to disembark in Valencia.
A need for European solidarity
"There has to be a new Dublin system because the last one established that Italy and Greece are the frontline countries," said Spinelli. Indeed, a migrant arriving in Europe has to be registered in the country of arrival, where he can be sent back even after crossing the borders to go in other member states.
Border controls even within the Schengen area are thus at stake, as Spinelli pointed out, mentioning the border between France and Italy as a reaction to the French government's criticism of the Italian behaviour.
"What the French government does at the border with Italy, sending back people who came to France is equally cynical." Migrants in the Alps who try to cross the border to enter the French territory are indeed blocked by far-right groups, with the police turning a blind eye to those methods.
Italy forged ahead with plans to send hundreds of migrants to Spain in a small naval convoy on Tuesday (12 June) after shutting its own ports to them, sparking a war of words with France that exposed EU tensions over immigration.
"What is tragic in the EU today is the fact that the European Council is not able to reach an agreement on this reform, whereas the European Parliament already made a proposal," said Spinelli.
Following a string of far-right political successes barely a year before the next European elections, regional and local representatives have called on the EU to urgently act on migration, an issue that has quickly come back to the top of the political agenda.
Like many MEPs, she hopes that EU leaders will manage to find an agreement on reforming the Dublin system in the upcoming 28-29 June European Council meeting, where migration will be the top issue.
Migrants widely seen as a threat
But according to Spinelli, the Dublin regulation is not the only obstacle to migrants' integration. European citizens are also worried about their social and economic positions and their purchasing power. The arrival of migrants is widely seen as a threat to jobs and national identity. Spinelli sees it differently.
"I invite you to take a long-term view on migration because resentment is part of a short-term vision. Europe is an ageing continent and we need young people. The arrival of people could help the economy. In the future, migrants will be part of the solution, not part of the problem. They will also pay taxes and contribute to the payment of pensions."
Spinelli finally insisted on the necessity to see the broader picture concerning migration. "We are not confronted with a mass invasion. Many people in the world displace themselves, substantially so in Africa or in Asia. The part coming to Europe is approximately 0.2% of the EU population."
The European Parliament debated the priorities for Europe on Tuesday, ahead of a crucial EU summit due on 28-29 June. Among those priorities, the reform of the Dublin regulation seems the most pressing and MEPs urged EU leaders to find an agreement on the asylum system.
Welcome refugees to Europe – A moral and political necessity
di Redazione lunedì, marzo 7, 2016 0 Appelli Appelli, Europe, petitions, refugees	Permalink
Appello lanciato da Étienne Balibar e co-firmato da Barbara Spinelli. Versione francese: Accueillir les réfugiés en Europe : Une nécessité morale et politique urgente.
Per firmare l'appello
We citizens of the Member States of the European Union, of the Schengen Area, the Balkans, of the Mediterranean, and of the Middle East as well as citizens of other countries in the world, who share our concerns, are launching an emergency appeal. To our government leaders and our representatives in national parliaments and in the European Parliament, as well as in the European Court of Human Rights and in the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees:
The refugees from the Middle East must be rescued and welcomed!
For years now, immigrants from the southern Mediterranean fleeing poverty, war, and repression have been drowning at sea or been dashed against barbed wire. When they have succeeded in crossing the sea, after suffering extortion at the hands of smuggler rings, they are expelled, incarcerated, or thrown into clandestinity by the states who designate them as 'dangers' and 'enemies'. Despite this, they are courageously persevering and helping each other to save their lives and create hope of a future.
But since the wars of the Middle East and especially in Syria have assumed the proportions of mass slaughter with no end in sight, the scale of the situation has altered. Held hostage between the warring parties, bombed, starved, and terrorised, entire populations have been thrown into a perilous exodus that, at the price of thousands more dead, pushes men, women, and children towards neighbouring countries and knocking at Europe's doors.
This is a major historic and humanitarian catastrophe. It presents us with a responsibility of which there is no way out.
The incapacity of the governments of all our countries to put an end to the causes of this exodus (if they are not indeed contributing to their exacerbation) does not exonerate them of the obligation to save and welcome the refugees, while respecting their fundamental rights, which, with the right to asylum, are enshrined in the foundational declarations and conventions of international law.
However, with few exceptions – Germany's exemplary initiative, an initiative that has still not been suspended today; and the gigantic effort by Greece to rescue, welcome, and escort the thousands of survivors who daily arrive on their shores, even if its economy has been plunged into devastating austerity – Europe's governments have refused to face the overall situation, to explain it to their populations, and to organise solidarity and go beyond national egoisms. On the contrary, from east to west and north to south, they have rejected the minimal plan for distributing the refugees worked out by the European Commission or are involved in sabotaging it. Worse, they are engaging in repression, stigmatisation, and the brutalisation of refugees and immigrants in general. The situation of the 'jungle' of Calais, followed now by its violent dismantling, in disregard for the spirit and letter of a court decision, is a scandalous, though not the only, illustration of this.
By contrast, it is the citizens of Europe and elsewhere – fishermen and inhabitants of Lampedusa and Lesbos, activists of refugee relief and immigrant support networks, lay and religious shelter centres, endorsed by artists and intellectuals – who have saved their honour and pointed the way to a solution. However, they are running up against insufficient means, and sometimes the hostility of public authorities, and they have to face, like the refugees and immigrants themselves, a rapidly growing European xenophobic front ranging from violent, openly racist or neo-fascist organisations to 'respectable' political leaders and governments increasingly overtaken by authoritarianism, nationalism, and demagoguery. Two completely incompatible Europes are facing each other, and from now on we have to choose between them.
This xenophobic tendency, which is deadly for the victims of violence and ruinous for the future of the European continent as an space of liberty must be reversed immediately.
With 60 million refugees in the world, Lebanon and Jordan receive a million of them each (representing, respectively, 20 per cent and 12 percent of their populations), and Turkey receives 2 million (3 per cent). The million refugees who arrived in Europe in 2015 (one of the richest regions in the world, despite the crisis) only represent 0.2 per cent of its population! Not only do the European countries, taken as a whole, have the means to welcome the refugees and treat them with dignity but they must do so in order to continue to lay claim to human rights as the foundation of their polities. It is also in their interest if they want to begin to recreate the conditions for peace and collective security, along with all the countries of the Mediterranean area that have shared the same history and same cultural heritage for thousands of years. And this is what has to be done to remove from our horizon, once and for all, the spectre of a new epoch of organised institutional discrimination and of the elimination of 'undesirable' human beings.
Nobody can say when and in what proportion the refugees will 'go back home', and nobody should underestimate the difficulty of the issue to be solved, of the resistance which it generates, and the obstacles and dangers it carries with it. But nobody can continue to ignore the will of the populations to receive refugees and the refugees' wish to integrate. Nobody has the right to declare the problem unresolvable in order to evade it more easily.
Very large-scale emergency measures thus are needed immediately.
The task to provide assistance to the refugees from the Middle East and Africa in the framework of a state of emergency has to be proclaimed and implemented by the governing bodies of the EU and carried by all the Member States. It has to be upheld by the United Nations and be the object of a permanent consultation with democratic states of the whole region.
Civilian and military forces have to be deployed, not to carry out a coastal guerrilla action against the 'smugglers' but to bring aid to the immigrants and to put an end to the scandal of the drownings at sea. It is in this framework that it will possibly be necessary to crack down on the traffic and condemn the complicity that benefits from it. It is prohibiting legal access that generates Mafioso practices, and not the inverse.
The burden of the frontline receiving countries, in particular Greece, must immediately be relieved. Their contribution to the common interest must be recognised.
The Schengen free-circulation area must be preserved, but the Dublin Regulation that provides for pushing immigrants back to the entry country must be suspended and renegotiated. The EU should pressure Danube and Balkan countries to reopen their borders and negotiate with Turkey to convince it to stop using refugees as a political-military excuse and bargaining chip.
At the same time, air and sea transport has to be operated to transfer all the registered refugees to the northern European countries that are objectively able to receive them instead of letting them accumulate in a small country in danger of becoming a 'dumping ground' for humanity.
In the longer term, Europe – facing one of the great challenges that is changing the course of the history of peoples – has to develop a democratically controlled aid plan for the survivors of this huge slaughter and for those who are helping them. It has to establish not only receiving quotas but also social and educational aid, and therefore a special budget and legal provisions guaranteeing new rights that embed the displaced populations in the receiving societies in a dignified and peaceful way.
There is no other alternative. It is either hospitality and the right to asylum or barbarism !
Primi firmatari:
Étienne BALIBAR (Francia)
Michel AGIER (Francia)
Horst ARENZ (Germania)
Athéna ATHANASIOU (Grecia)
Walter BAIER (Austria)
Etienne BALIBAR (Francia)
Marie BOUAZZI (Tunisia)
Hamit BOZARSLAN (Francia)
Marie-Claire CALOZ-TSCHOPP (Svizzera)
Edouard DELRUELLE (Belgio)
Matthieu DE NANTEUIL (Belgio)
Ahmet INSEL (Turchia)
Nicolas KLOTZ (Francia)
Amanda LATIMER (Regno Unito)
Camille LOUIS (Francia)
Giacomo MARRAMAO (Italia)
Roger MARTELLI (Francia)
Sandro MEZZADRA (Italia)
Maria NIKOLAKAKI (Grecia)
Barbara SPINELLI (Italia)
Étienne TASSIN (Francia)
Hans VENEMA (Paesi Bassi)
Frieder Otto WOLF (Germania)
The many faces of Angela Merkel
di Redazione giovedì, ottobre 22, 2015 0 Al parlamento Angela Merkel, Europe, Greece, Stelios Kouloglou, The Godmother	Permalink
Bruxelles, 13 ottobre 2015. Discorso di Barbara Spinelli in occasione della proiezione del film "The Godmother" diretto da Stelios Kouloglou (GUE/NGL-Syriza, Grecia).
Gertrud Höhler, the author of the book "Die Patin" – "The Godmother" – says: there is a mystery surrounding Angela Merkel. A mystery because she wins and wins elections, without never offering any great vision, because she so manifestly lacks any emotion even looking back at the years in the German Democratic Republic – she was a mere observer, she never participated in a single demonstration in the months before the fall of the Berlin Wall – but still she never stops having success in politics and being popular in her country.
The film of Stelios Kouloglou shows very well this contradiction: it does this with humour, sarcasm and dramatic images of the devastating effects of Merkel's austerity in Greece and in the other countries tamed by the troika.
I will try to sum up those contradictions since they are at the very essence of Merkel's success, and constantly reveal a sort of double nature of the Chancellor. First of all, she always seemed to me a mixture of inflexibility, indecision, extreme cunning, and supreme mediocrity. The same person uses the indifference to values as a weapon, as asserted by Gertrud Höhler speaking in her book of the Chancellors systematic "value-abstinence". At the same time she is able to literally devour one German political party after the other (first the party fashioned by Helmut Kohl, then the Spd, lastly the Greens with the exit from the nuclear energy; in the future she could even destabilise Die Linke on refugees policies). Finally, her mediocrity: it's a talent she brings, sometimes and deliberately, to the extremes. It's a talent well represented in the documentary of Stelios by her trivial remarks on holidays, or by what she said once about the German Democratic Republic (DDR) where she grew up: "What is most disturbing, in the DDR, is the fact that there is no decent yogurt". That's what she remembers of her adult life in the German communist system.
She can be arrogant and even cruel, as demonstrated by the negotiations with the Greek government on the memoranda. At the same time, she is the only European leader who tries to have sensible and rational policies on migrants. She is not only the "undercover Chancellor" described by Gertrud Höhler but she really is a two-faced person, if the circumstances so demand.
There are two sentences which show her amphibious nature. One of these is quoted in the film of Stelios Kouloglou, and it concerns the memorandum negotiated with Athens when George Papandreou was Prime Minister: "It must hurt!", "Es muss wehtun!". It is a terrible symbol of the austerity years. The other was pronounced in the most dramatic days of migrant's influx, in the first half of October, when she opened the doors of her country to Syrian asylum seekers. In that occasion, she did not hesitate to clash with the right wing of her party. And she avoided the word "migrants", preferring the more appropriate word "refugees". She was sure of what she said: "Wir schaffen es!". Which is the German equivalent of "Yes we can!".
What is the link between the two sentences, apparently so divergent one from the other? They both lack any European dimension and vision. As far as austerity is concerned, the German dogma states that every country must fulfill its "homework" alone, before a real solidarity and transnational cooperation can begin: it's the core of German ordo-liberalism. With regard to migration, she says something similar: Germany can cope with all on its own. Consequently, it means that all Member States can cope with everything on their own. Only en passant she admits that the European Dublin System is dead and gone, that the Union as such must change its whole approach on asylum policies. She has an enormous self-esteem and opinion of her country. She is substantially nationalist, in economy as well as in refugee and migration policy.
German newspapers reacted harshly to her slogan "Yes we can!". Only two days after she uttered the sentence, they began to headline articles saying that she couldn't at all: "No we can't" – " Wir schaffen es nicht". Now she focuses all her attention, in the European Council's meeting, on repatriation policies and on the control of the EU borders. How many Merkels are acting on the stage?
Grexit and the European sleepwalkers
di Redazione mercoledì, giugno 24, 2015 0 English Bce, Europe, Grexit, IMF	Permalink
Il Sole 24 ore, June 21, 2015 (Versione italiana)
"We can restore the dialogue only with adults in the room", Christine Lagarde has affirmed, warning Greece on behalf of the Monetary Fund. Ironically, she is right: there are too many careless persons and too many economic experts lacking historical memory and geopolitical awareness in the rooms where, for months, the faith of Europe as a whole, not only of Greece, has been decided upon. When we discuss about the euro and its rules or when we invoke stronger European institutions without questioning the standards that should support the single currency, Europe as such is at stake and not just a single State in trouble.
The IFM has proven not to be fully adult itself in defending, over and over again, structural reforms that the IFM itself has questioned since 2013 for being harmful and counter-productive, hence wrong. Those who raised the spectre of Grexit selling it as an easy solution, spread panic among Greek savers, and gave misleading information about the chaos that would affect the Greek Central Bank, cannot be considered adults either. The Union Treaties and the Statute of the ECB do not provide for unilateral mechanisms designed to leave the eurozone unless the State at risk of bankruptcy preliminarily decides to leave the European Union. The Greek government is not opting for this solution. It is definitely not possible to expel Greece.
During a speech delivered at the European Parliament on June 15, Mario Draghi implicitly revealed the truth when he suggested that the "political decision will have to be taken by elected policymakers, not by central bankers". He did not propose any real alternative, and reaffirmed that "the ball lies squarely in the camp of the Greek government to take the necessary steps" – thus appearing more political than he wanted to be – but he admitted that an additional failure in the negotiations will push us into "uncharted waters".
The pressure put on Athens to further reduce public expenditure and pensions – even if these have been already reduced to a minimum level – confirms that the Union is led by powers lacking any sense of responsibility. If those powers were adults, they would invite to the room of negotiations persons with historical sense and, above all, historical memory. These would be persons provided with a central vision and strong inspiring principles, aware of the fact that history is tragic, mindful of the past catastrophes and conscious of the imminent risks, namely the risk for the Union to collapse and lose its attractive force towards its citizens. Sitting at the negotiating table there would be geostrategic experts and all those economists – such as the two Noble Prices Winners Joseph Stiglitz and Paul Krugman – who have been regularly despised in all these years even though they never proved wrong. We do not see predictive economists among those who are pushing the Tsipras Government to carry out already accomplished structural reforms, but simple politicians who, in order to hold their power, lazily and indifferently keep on following hegemonic austerity philosophies that have already proved their obsolescence. The real gross domestic product of Greece already fell by 27% due to austerity measures, the public debt rose to 180% of GDP, unemployment has reached 27%.
Experts in geopolitics would help us understand the centrality of Greece within a Europe struggling with chaos at its Eastern and Southern borders. A Europe which is unable to face this chaos autonomously – and does not want to tackle it by itself, while, at the same time, keeping the distances from an American strategy that consciously revives the Cold War with Russia and has contributed to create, beyond the Mediterranean Sea, an area of instability from Sub-Saharan Africa to Afghanistan. Greece is at the border of this world, at the crossroads of the Balkans, the Middle East, and Syria. Its bonds with Russia are strong and deep-rooted. The aversion of the Tsipras government to the war on terrorism, and more recently to the project of intervening in Libya to fight against human traffickers, is well-known in Berlin and Paris. Its hostility against the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) is equally known. Perhaps, someone in Europe would like to "lose" Athens precisely for such reasons, but this loss would be a political suicide.
Europe cannot give up Greece if it wishes to stop being a puppet of the US administration, to avoid a new cold war and to properly analyse the Ukrainian situation – while recognising that Ukraine moved from a pro-Russian oligarchy to another kind of oligarchy linked to russophobic right-wing extremists. Europe cannot manage without Greece on immigration issues either. The newly elected Greek government is facing an influx of migrants and asylum seekers much heavier and sudden than the Italian one and it is dealing with it without evoking xenophobic instincts. The hypothesis of a Grexit is not only outrageous but even dull if compared to the silence that, at the same time, surrounds the Hungarian plan – announced on June 17 – to erect a 175 km long wall along the border with Serbia in order to stop the flow of refugees and migrants into the country.
Finally, negotiations lack of persons with a basic level of general knowledge. In an article published on June 16 by Die Welt, the commentator Jacques Schuster warned the Germans that Tsipras is proving to be one of the most skilful and astute European politicians: he is capable of exploring the deepest recesses of the German soul and of using guile and cunning in order to take advantage of the "weak nerves" of Germany. It cannot be otherwise: "the Greeks are a nation of sailors", and the sailors "are used to fluctuate in the waters and swing on the edge".
Such worrying articles are reminiscent of pre-First World War language, charged with psycho-ethnic allusions to the "nerves" of single personified populations. The distinction between Land and Sea – theorized by Carl Schmitt in the Thirties and Forties – comes back: on one side, lawless people that are used to fluctuate in the oceans and, on the other side, cultures rooted in the mainland and thus able to create the nòmos, namely the law and all the needed rules.
The European Head of States appear to come from those ages. They seem monarchs who, as drunkards, let themselves be tempted by such bellicose lexicon without realising it. The future of Europe is too important to be entrusted to sleepwalkers who only base their expertise on defunct economic theories. Being an adult in Europe means having the ability to recognize not only uncharted waters, but even the muddy ones into which we risk to blunder.
Athens, Europe
di Redazione mercoledì, giugno 3, 2015 0 English Athens, Europe, Greece, GUE/NGL	Permalink
GUE/NGL study days in Athens 2th – 4th June
Tuesday, June 2nd "Periphery Debts: Causes, consequences and solutions"
3rd panel: "Standing with the Greeks for a European Alternative"
Barbara Spinelli's speech (Versione italiana)
Ever since the crisis has affected Europe we got used to say that the Union has utilised Greece as a guinea-pig. (This is perhaps the reason why the term "Pig-countries" is used…) The guinea-pig needed to be subjected to an intensive therapy of austerity measures and the treatment had to be administered by a powerful oligarch – the trojka – which presented itself as a European entity, even federal, despite its inter-national nature due to the inclusion of the Monetary Fund. The existence of a "Greek laboratory" has been fully confirmed by the negotiations that started between Syriza on one side and the Union and the Monetary Fund on the other side, since the party won the elections on January 25.
Now it is time to examine in depth the current situation. We need to understand the root causes that generated this five-year "experimentation", its purpose and what it can tell us about Europe. The aim of the experiment is getting clearer: a technical-political oligarchy is currently using Greece to enhance its own disciplinary power in the Union, by testing a specific – de-constitutionalised and de-parliamentarised – model of democracy. I would like to focus on this de-constitutionalisation, in order to understand why these experimenters continue to support not only the need, but the effectiveness of their test, while being aware of the fact that the effectiveness of the cure is more than dubious and that the Union is actually falling apart. In 2013 the Monetary Fund for the first time confessed that its estimates regarding the effects of austerity on growth and occupation were wrong, and yet the IMF too is sticking to its doctrines.
From the point of view of EU authorities, the experiment has been successful since it reached its primary target. Democracies and national constitutions are gradually eroded and, most important, universal suffrage is becoming an annoying variable that can be bypassed or sacrificed. In the hierarchy of priorities, effectiveness and governability are replacing representativeness, and this coup de main is made possible by the identification of national sovereignty with popular sovereignty. As a consequence, the ever-increasing loss of national sovereignties since the two world wars drags citizens' sovereignty into the abyss. This collapse of national sovereignties is generally presented as a precondition for a federal development of the Union, but a Federation is far from being a reality. Therefore, sovereignty simply evaporates and the powers which rule globalisation – hastily called markets – prevail.
In a truly federal union, the negotiations between Athens and the European Union would rest on a totally different basis. In an European "agorà", the arguments presented by the Greek government would count, and prevail on the power of each single State. In a Federation, a Member State would not be punished for its debt by way of its exclusion from the federal institutions and their currency. Federations do exist in order to avoid precisely this risk.
The fact is that Europe is experiencing an extraordinary regression and this is the real ongoing experiment. The Greek case is used in order to question the post-war idea that Europe could prevail on the old balance of nationalist powers – a balance of power which caused the world wars of the last century – in two ways: first, by creating a permanent solidarity bond among the States, while preserving popular sovereignty as the basis of constitutional democracies and, second, by turning the fight against poverty (Welfare) into the cornerstone of the new Community. The new oligarchic Europe, which is flourishing through the crisis, is led by a "postnational federalism of the executives" – quoting Habermas – and this Directory is responsible for the entropy we are facing: Parliaments are progressively disempowered and European unity is gradually losing its political dimension, if not disappearing.
The entropy of the European Union is not a new condition. It started in the 70's, when the Trilateral Commission entrusted three political analysts with the task of drafting the vademecum of the de-constitutionalised democracy in order to make democracy "governable". I am speaking about the report written in 1975 by Michel Crozier, Samuel Huntington e Joji Watanuki, titled «The crisis of democracy ». Today there is much debate on managed democracy, talking about Putin's autocracy. The truth is that we ourselves are living under forced administration. What we are facing is a revival – that's the reason why I spoke about an "extraordinary regression" – of the nineteenth-century aggression against universal suffrage which raged when Great Britain decided to gradually extend the right to vote. Such extension was the enemy to destroy, since it jeopardised the old establishment. Approximately at that time, the same approach was adopted against the first hesitant attempts aimed at introducing Welfare rules which ought to stem social damages created by the industrial liberal revolution. Both enfranchisement and welfare did represent a threat for the "protected" élite and, consequently, for the authority of governments.
The Greek case reveals that Europe is not in construction but, on the contrary, in de-construction. The orthodoxy on which the de-construction is grounded remains untouched, since it represents a political theology: no single element of the dogma can be be questioned without contesting the power apparatus which enunciated it. The infallibility of the dogma is intrinsically linked to the permanence of that power apparatus. For this reason, something is rotten in the State of Europe.
Finally, something is rotten in the creation and management of the euro too. And once again we find the same mistake: Europe decides to unify an important sector – the currency, or one day the defence – without creating at first a political unity as well as a democratic constitution which allow citizens to exercise control over the newly deployed super-national sovereignties. Despite its ongoing failure, the model is proposed over and over again by Europe, which deems it the most "pragmatic" hence the most effective. It is actually the most destructive model, as already stated in 1971 by the economist Nicholas Kaldor – repeatedly quoted by Yanis Varoufakis – when speaking about the economic and monetary union (the so-called Werner Plan) proposed at that time. His words are prophetic: «Some day the nations of Europe may be ready to merge their national identities and create a new European Union – the United States of Europe. (…) This will involve the creation of a "full economic and monetary union". But it is a dangerous error to believe that monetary and economic union can precede a political union or that it will act – in the words of the Werner report – 'as a leaven for the evolvement of a political union which in the long run it will in any case be unable to do without'. For if the creation of a monetary union and Community control over national budgets generates pressures which lead to a breakdown of the whole system it will prevent the development of a political union, not promote it».
His words should be reminded to those who like to imagine the future European "governance" while congratulating themselves for the current political choices. I would like to mention in this context the speech delivered on March 26 by Mario Draghi at the Italian Parliament. Quite rightly, he asserts that the original flaw of the common currency has consisted in the creation, as a first step, of rules – economic and financial, fatally ignored as he says by the majority – instead of common institutions (I assume federal institutions). Hence his wish: "replace a system grounded on rules with a different system based on stronger institutions".
At first sight, his wish echoes Kaldor's words. Actually, it doesn't echo them at all. For the ECB President, the economic and financial rules did in no way cause the "breakdown of the whole system" as predicted by Kaldor; in fact, he still has an extremely high opinion of them. That's why he concludes his speech by stating that if we want a more political union "we must, in the first place, abide by the rules currently in force". Here is the vicious circle that preserves the status quo. The "stronger" institutions are apparently supposed to legitimise and glorify rules whose effects have already and in the most conspicuous way proved catastrophic: «Only by respecting rules – in the words of Draghi – we can build the necessary mutual trust for establishing future institutions». The relationship between Greece and Europe has extensively proven that such vision of things is not so much delusional as it is deceitful.
MEPs urge European leaders to secure the future of Greece
di Redazione sabato, febbraio 14, 2015 0 Rassegna stampa Europe, Greece, petition	Permalink
In a letter entitled "Greece, a new opportunity for Europe", several Members of the European Parliament, from different Member States and different Political Groups (GUE/NGL, GREENS/EFA and S&D), urge European leaders to "secure the future of Greece within the European family, with full respect for democracy, social justice and solidarity." The MEPs stress that "failing to do so will put the whole European project at risk."
MEPs stated that "the Greek elections in January have opened up the possibility for change in Europe," and they believe that "the cry for hope coming from the Greek people is the impetus we need for our continent to change course."
The MEPs maintain that "EU institutions and national governments now face the failures of their response to the historically severe economic downturn in Greece, as well as in the development of economic policies that have widened inequalities and hampered the European project". They "sincerely believe that solidarity should prevail and that we should make every effort to change the catastrophic course that has been set for Greece in recent years. If this is done effectively, then the whole of Europe will benefit."
The signatories of this letter urge the European institutions and Member States to seize this opportunity and change course, learning from past mistakes.
The first signatories are (in alphabetical order):
Marina Albiol (GUE/NGL, ES)
Guillaume Balas (S&D, FR)
Sergio Cofferati (S&D, IT)
Pablo Iglesias (GUE/NGL, ES)
Eva Joly (Greens/EFA, FR)
Ska Keller (Greens/EFA, DE)
Edouard Martin (S&D, FR)
Marisa Matias (GUE/NGL, PT)
Liliana Rodrigues (S&D, PT)
Molly Scott Cato (Greens/EFA, UK)
Barbara Spinelli, (GUE/NGL, IT)
Marc Tarabella, (S&D, BE)
Ernest Urtasun (Greens/EFA, ES)
accoglienza AFCO asilo Brexit Commissione europea Commissione Juncker democrazia Dimitris Avramopoulos diritti diritti umani Europa Federica Mogherini Frontex Grecia GUE/NGL immigrazione interrogazioni Israele Italia Jean-Claude Juncker L'Altra Europa con Tsipras LIBE Libia Mare Nostrum Mediterraneo migranti migrazione ONG Parlamento europeo plenaria Polonia Regno Unito richiedenti asilo rifugiati rom rule of law Russia search and rescue stato di diritto Syriza Trattato di Lisbona Triton Turchia UNHCR Unione europea
Barbara Spinelli | creative commons license 3.0 | wp dez by Strelnik


text:
Kate Middleton NOT Named New Queen, Despite Report
By Gossip Cop Staff	| 5:59 am, November 1, 2018
(In Touch)
Kate Middleton has not been named the "new queen," nor has Prince William been tapped to be the next king, despite a report. Gossip Cop can correct this claim, which is on the cover of one of those week's tabloids. We're told it's not true.
According to In Touch, "multiple insiders" contend Queen Elizabeth has "hand-selected her successors, and it isn't her son Prince Charles" and his second wife Camilla Parker Bowles. The tabloid's supposed "source" maintains, "She'd rather pass on the throne to the new generation of royals, Kate and William." And the magazine's tipster asserts their "coronation is going to be a $500 million event."
The publication's alleged "source" claims the queen feels Prince William and Middleton "both have all the right attributes to succeed her." As opposed to Prince Charles, who had an affair with Parker Bowles, Her Majesty is happy her grandson and his wife are "remarkably scandal-free." Additionally, notes the outlet, it doesn't hurt that Prince William and Middleton are enormously popular.
The purported "source" goes on to assert that Queen Elizabeth, who's 92, "thinks Charles is too old to take on the throne." "It makes more sense for William to go straight to being king," says the seemingly phony insider. And while upset, "there's nothing Charles can say that will change his mother's mind," adds the ill-informed tipster.
In reality, Queen Elizabeth has always wanted her eldest son to succeed her. Back in April, Prince Charles was named the next head of the Commonwealth after his mother told the other leaders it was her "sincere wish" that Prince Charles "carry on the important work started by my father in 1949," and which she has done since his death in 1952. And with the hundreds of events and engagements Prince Charles attends every year, often on behalf of the queen, he's clearly still being groomed to be the next king.
Moreover, as opposed to the sometimes inaccurate American tabloid, the British press this week has been writing about how Queen Elizabeth may step down in three years at the age of 95 and transfer her executive powers to Charles, who would assume the role of Prince Regent until after her death, at which point he would be king. Significantly, as Gossip Cop has previously mentioned, the succession to the British throne is based on very specific rules and regulations, and even if Queen Elizabeth wanted to make Prince William king instead of Prince Charles (which she does not want to do), Parliament would have to enact a law to allow that to happen. Her Majesty can't simply say she wants her grandson to leapfrog Prince Charles to the crown.
It should also be pointed out that, despite In Touch claiming on its cover how "it's official" Prince William and Middleton are becoming the new king and queen, there's been no announcement of the sort. Nor has there been talk about a $500 million coronation. A Kensington Palace staffer, who's not authorized to comment on the record about the tabloid's tale, assures Gossip Cop the article is untrue.
In Touch Magazine Kate Middleton Prince Charles Prince William Queen Elizabeth
Smith-Spark, Laura. "Britain's Prince Charles will be the next head of the Commonwealth." CNN, 20 Apr. 2018.
Kindred, Alahna. "REVEALED: The Queen's secret plan to let Prince Charles RULE in just THREE YEARS." Express, 31 Oct. 2018.
"Succession to the British throne" on Wikipedia.
Brad Pitt Doing Tell-All TV Interview About Angelina Jolie And Jennifer Aniston?
Nicole Kidman, Reese Witherspoon Fought Backstage At Keith Urban's Concert?
Jamie Foxx 'Betrayed' Katie Holmes By 'Flirting' With Mystery Blonde?
Prince William, Kate Middleton Baby Name Prince Louis NOT "Inspired" By 'The Princess Diaries'
Kate Middleton, Meghan Markle Did NOT Have "Girls' Night Out," Despite Cover Story
Julia Roberts Bought New Malibu House To "Keep" Danny Moder At Home?


text:
Still Undecided On Skipper
Steve Davis still to make up his mind on new captain
Steve Davis says he is still undecided about his captain for the forthcoming season. The Crewe boss is searching for a contender to succeed Luke Murphy, who left for Leeds United this summer. Midfielder Abdul Osman has led the team in the pre-season with the likes of Matt Tootle, Kelvin Mellor and Adam Dugdale all captaining the side.
Steve told the club's official web-site: "I still haven't decided on the captain. There are three or four that I could consider but we don't have a lot of leaders.
"It could be that we have a captain, a vice captain and perhaps a club captain. Much will depend on who plays on a consistent basis and is out there training all the time. That would be leading by example in much the same Luke Murphy did for us last season. He wasn't a shouter but led by example and took the extra responsibility on very quickly.
"We are looking for that player who can be influential both on and off the pitch. "


Jupiter/Palm Beach Archives - live. travel. blog.
After an awesome day of kayaking and snorkeling on our Peanut Island Adventure, we decided to follow it up by spending our last day in Jupiter stand up paddleboarding on the Mangroves and Manatees Mystery Tour with Jupiter Outdoor Center.
Up until a couple of weeks ago, I had no idea that Peanut Island even existed. I thought it was maybe just because I was a Florida transplant, but after chatting with friends that have been here all their life, turns out they'd never heard of Peanut Island either!
This past weekend a friend and I headed down south to spend a couple of nights in Jupiter at the Courtyard Marriott Palm Beach hotel. The hotel is one of the first by Marriott in Florida to feature the brand's refreshing and sophisticated Cynergy design which is sure to be a hit with any tech-savvy, modern traveler.
Ever since moving to Florida two years back, I've dreamed about frequent weekend escapes to explore cities outside of Orlando. This summer, I finally found the time to make this happen, next up, Jupiter & the Palm Beach area!
5 Brazilian Getaways Beyond Rio!
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Юрма́ш (, ) — присілок у складі Гафурійського району Башкортостану, Росія. Входить до складу Імендяшевської сільської ради.

Населення — 175 осіб (2010; 214 в 2002).

Національний склад:
 башкири — 94%

Примітки

Посилання
 На Вікімапії

Населені пункти Гафурійського району
Присілки Башкортостану


Located about 2.5 miles south of South Hills Village Mall.
Follow Route 19 South (Washington Road) past South Hills Village Mall (mall should be on your left).
At the intersection of Boyce Road (about 2.5 miles), turn left onto Boyce Road.
After about 1/8 mile, you will come to a stop sign.
Turn left onto Old Washington Road.
Make the first left into the entrance to Summerfield Commons Office Park.
Bear right and follow the road to the end of the Park.
Our office is in the last building, which is Building 1100.
We are in Suite 1121.


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Category Archives: Presidents & Royalty
Hillary Diane Rodham, popularly known as Hillary Clinton, was born on October 26, 1947 in Chicago, Illinois. Between 1974 and 1980, she taught law at the University of Arkansas and in 1978, she was appointed as the board of director of the Legal Services Corp by President Jimmy Carter. In January 1979, she became First Lady of Arkansas – a title that remained with her for twelve years. During Bill Clinton's presidential campaigns in 1992, Hillary proved to be a valued and dynamic partner click here to read more
© Nick Parfjonov
Diana Frances Spencer, widely known as Princess Diana, was born on July 1, 1961 in Sandringham, United Kingdom. Prince Charles and Diana Spencer got married on July 29, 1981 and she became the Princess of Wales. Their wedding was considered by many as "a fairy tale wedding." As a part of her royal duties, Princess Diana served many charities and helped the homeless as well as the children in need. She also supported people who suffered from HIV and AIDS. On June 21, 1982, click here to read more
George Bush Jr.
George Bush Jr was born on July 6, 1946 in New Haven, Connecticut. President Bush attended Yale University and Harvard Business school. He then worked in the oil industry and was part owner of the baseball team the Texas Rangers. In 2000 Bush was elected President in one of the closest elections of all times. In 2004, Bush won his second term of President by defeating John Kerry. George Bush Jr is a Republican and married to Laura Bush and click here to read more
© Sara Star NS
The Duke of Cambridge, Prince William, was born on June 21, 1982. He is a political leader, a philanthropist, a Prince and a Duke. Prince Williams is the next in-line to the British throne after Prince Charles, his father. Prince William graduated from Eton, the most renowned prep school in England. Then he went to the eminent St. Andrews University and obtained a degree in geography in the year 2005. He met his future wife, Catherine (Kate) Middleton in St. Andrews University. Later, he click here to read more


In sum, at this juncture probably little more precision in theory is required other than to urge biblical scholars to be more systematic, and systematic theologians to be more biblical, and to get on with the task.
The ultimate test of the success of co-operation between the two fields lies in the degree to which the biblical text and its subject matter are illumined. Neither Biblical Theology nor [Systematic] theology is an end in itself, but rather they remain useful tools by which to enable a fresh access to the living voice of God in sacred Scripture.
Brevard Childs, Biblical Theology: A Proposal, p. 74.
I hope to be able to do my part in "getting on" with this task.


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Ami Kim
Ami Kim comes to GRBF from VPM, where she led digital media strategy as part of the station's leadership team. Ami is a recovering lawyer, with experience in private practice at Sands Anderson and as part of Capital One's General Counsel Department. She hopes to use her nonprofit operational expertise and passion for innovation and process optimization to help GRBF expand its reach and influence in Central Virginia and beyond. Ami lives with her husband, 3 young adult kids, and 2 neurotic dogs in Midlothian, and she enjoys photography and singing with the choir of the Cathedral of the Sacred Heart.
akim@grbf.org 804.780-2600 ext. 2
Shane Harper
Director of Administration & Programs
Shane Harper has a background in client services, relationship management, administration, and operations. He is a public relations/communications major and business administration associate. Shane is involved with several local Richmond nonprofits and serves on two Boards. He volunteers time to work with issues of personal importance, like keeping the James River clean and accessible to all and helping to preserve historical buildings. He is an avid cyclist, hot sauce enthusiast, Social Justice advocate, history buff, and antique collector who can often be found in a hammock by a body of water.
admin@grbf.org 804.780.2600ext. 1
Alexandra Clayton
Eviction Diversion Program Manager
Alexandra Clayton is a graduate of Virginia Commonwealth University with a Bachelor of Arts in International Social Justice Studies. She has previously served as an AmeriCorps VISTA member and is passionate about helping the Greater Richmond community. Formerly, she was the Program Coordinator for a mentoring program designed to combat the attrition rates of African American students attending VCU. In her spare time, Alex enjoys reading, Animal Crossing, and maintaining a still-growing collection of house plants.
edp@grbf.org 804.780.2600ext. 7
Seth A. Schaeffer
Seth Schaeffer is a partner at McGuireWoods LLP in the firm's Antitrust, Trade & Commercial Litigation Department. He focuses his practice primarily on consumer financial services and antitrust litigation. Seth also helps oversee the firm's provision of pro bono legal services in connection with the Hispanic Chamber of Commerce Law Clinic. He has served as Chair of the Board of Trustees for St. Mary's Episcopal School and Senior Warden of the Vestry of St. Mary's Episcopal Church. Seth also has chaired the St. Mary's CARITAS outreach program, which provides temporary shelter for Richmond's homeless population. He has served on both the GRBF Board and its Executive Committee for multiple terms.
Brent M. Timberlake
Brent Timberlake is Vice President and Chief Counsel of Capital One's Card Litigation, Subpoena, and Intake Teams. Brent serves as Immediate Past President of the Legal Information Network for Cancer Board of Directors and is actively involved in a number of pro bono organizations and efforts in the Richmond area. He's served on both the GRBF Board and its Executive Committee.
Allison L. Held
Allison Held is the Associate General Counsel and Director of the Medical Legal Partnership (MLP) - Richmond at VCU Health System, where she is responsible for the development and execution of MLP's strategic business plan and leading a team responsible for MLP's mission of integrating legal assistance into the holistic delivery of patient care. She has significant experience working with community partners on projects to address health disparities and to increase the impact of MLP. Allison and VCU Health have been partners with GRBF on the Wills for Healthcare Heroes clinic, providing wills to hundreds of frontline healthcare worker clients.
Taylor D. Brewer
Taylor D. Brewer is an attorney at Moran Reeves Conn, where she focuses her practice on the defense of hospitals, physicians, nurses, nursing homes, dentists, and other health care providers. Her work includes medical malpractice defense and administrative matters including state board licensing and credentials. Taylor represents Moran Reeves Conn on Firms In Service Richmond and is the firm's pro bono contact. She also serves on the Board of Directors of the Virginia Association of Defense Attorneys and is a member of Reveille United Methodist Church.
Melanie A. Friend
Melanie Friend is a Partner at CowanGates whose practice focuses on divorce, child custody and visitation, spousal support, child support, adoption, and prenuptial agreements. She is qualified as a guardian ad litem for children. Melanie is also trained to represent parties in the collaborative divorce process. Melanie is Past President of the Metropolitan Richmond Women's Bar Association, serves on the board of the Richmond Bar Association, and a member of the Lewis F. Powell, Jr. American Inn of Court, the Richmond Bar Association, the Chesterfield County Bar Association, the Metro Richmond Family Law Bar Association, and the Family Law Section of the Virginia State Bar.
Erin S. Whaley
Erin Whaley is a partner at Troutman Pepper where she represents healthcare providers, payers, and health IT vendors on the full spectrum of legal issues they confront on a daily basis. Erin serves as the Pro Bono Partner for Troutman Pepper's Richmond office where she encourages and coordinates office-wide participation in pro bono efforts. She is also the Chairperson of the Rural Education Foundation Board of Trustees and serves on the Board of Directors of the Preemie Parent Alliance.
Christopher K. Jones
(Chris) - Executive Committee
Chris Jones is Counsel at Sands Anderson where he practices in Cybersecurity & Technology, Litigation, and Product Liability. He has worked with corporations of all sizes in complex litigation and helping his clients avoid litigation, via risk management. He has served on the nonprofit board of CodeVA, after helping them with their pro bono legal needs via GRBF's Pro Bono Clearinghouse.
Sharon C. Stuart
Sharon Choi Stuart is the founder of Stuart Law Firm, LLC, a consumer debtor bankruptcy boutique law firm. She has been practicing bankruptcy law since 2001. Sharon is admitted to the Virginia Supreme Court, the US District Court of the Eastern District of Virginia, and the US Bankruptcy Court of the Eastern District of Virginia. Sharon is part of the Richmond Bar Association/Virginia State Bar (Bankruptcy Section) and is a member and past president of the Metro Richmond Women's Bar Association. She has been named 2015 and 2016 Legal Elite for her bankruptcy work and was honored with the Influential Women of Virginia award. Sharon has served on both the GRBF Board and its Executive Committee for multiple terms.
Daniel G. Bloor
(Dan)
Dan Bloor is Associate General Counsel for CarMax and Assistant Vice President of its Store Operations Litigation Team, which manages all of CarMax's consumer and business litigation. Dan initiated and has lead the CarMax legal department's pro bono efforts and sits on the department's pro bono committee.
Mahlon G. Funk, Jr.
(Bud)
Bud previously served as chair of Hirschler's highly-regarded trial practice. He has been blessed with more than 40 years of wonderful opportunities to serve deserving clients in federal and state courts in Virginia and nationwide, the Southern District of New York, and the Virginia Supreme Court. He has represented clients in matters as diverse as securities litigation and arbitration, products liability, medical and professional malpractice, catastrophic personal/brain injury, wrongful death, employment law, estate, and trust litigation, land use litigation, savings and loan institution failures, law firm and physician practice group split-ups, public utility regulatory proceedings, tax litigation, shareholder oppression/corporate governance matters, state agency professional licensing hearings and white-collar crime. These matters have often involved very substantial monetary amounts at issue.
Henry I. Willett, III
Henry Willett is a litigation partner Christian & Barton. He represents clients in litigation involving healthcare-related matters, the enforcement of non-compete and non-solicitation agreements, intellectual property matters, products liability claims, business and construction disputes, professional malpractice claims, and financial services disputes. He is a member of the Virginia State Bar Council, a past chair of the Litigation Section of the Bar Association of the City of Richmond, and chair of his firm's Associate Training and Evaluation Committee.
Noopur N. Garg
Noopur Garg serves as Senior Counsel in Securities, M&A, and Project Development for Dominion Energy, where she focuses on mergers, acquisitions, and divestitures related to the regulated and merchant assets of the company and in particular, leading the negotiations supporting the acquisition of solar photovoltaic projects both in the Commonwealth of Virginia and nationwide. Noopur also represents Dominion on Firms In Service Richmond and serves as the law department's pro bono liaison.
Sarah B. Warner
Ms. Warner's practice focuses on finance, corporate transactions, and real estate. The majority of her practice consists of assisting banks and certified development companies making commercial loans and government-guaranteed SBA 7A and 504 loans. Sarah is an SBA 504 Designated Attorney. She has been a volunteer for the Greater Richmond Bar Foundation's Eviction Diversion Program since August 2019 and now serves on the Greater Richmond Bar Foundation's Board of Directors and is the Triage Co-Champion for Eviction Diversion. Sarah lives in Richmond with her husband and two daughters. An avid dog lover, you can sometimes find her rescue dog, Aida, providing legal support from the floor of Sarah's office. You can also find Sarah running the roads and riverside trails of RVA.
Mary Elizabeth Davis
(Betsy)
Ms. Davis is a partner in the Labor and Employment Group. She focuses her practice on advising management in all areas of labor and employment law. She works across industries ranging from health care and higher education to manufacturing and golf to understand the particular needs of her clients in these industries. She regularly represents employers in state and federal courts in the areas of discrimination, fair labor standards, family and medical leave, wrongful discharge, covenants not to compete, breaches of employment contracts, as well as other state and federal employment issues. She counsels and represents clients in defense of EEOC charges and DOL investigations.
Sean M. Beard
Sean Beard is an Assistant General Counsel at Altria Client Services, where he leads the group that negotiates and manages all contracts for the company and its affiliates related to the purchase of assets, goods, and services. Sean had extensive experience in private practice at Hunton & Williams representing Fortune 500 companies in acquisitions and finance transactions, and he has served on several nonprofit Boards, including the Historic Richmond Foundation and SCAN. Sean has volunteered for GRBF's Pro Bono Clearinghouse to assist nonprofits with their legal needs.
Hon. Melvin R. Hughes
Judge Hughes retired from the Circuit Court of the City of Richmond with over 33 years of judicial experience. First serving as a Judge of the General District Court, Manchester Division, he joined the Circuit Bench in 1984. On the Circuit Court, Judge Hughes heard only civil cases. He was well known for his depth of experience in Virginia law, Virginia procedure, and evidence. Judge Hughes has presided over thousands of jury trials, including personal injury, business, commercial, and medical malpractice. The Chief Justice appointed Judge Hughes to the Committee on Virginia Model Jury Instructions which updates jury instructions as new cases are decided each year. Before his election to the bench, Judge Hughes was in private practice specializing in personal injury and domestic relations. He was a founding member of the Richmond firm of Chambliss, Cunningham, Hughes, and Macbeth. In addition to mediating and sitting by designation, Judge Hughes enjoys his cattle farm in Palmyra.
Crista L. Gantz
(Cris)
Crista Gantz is the Virginia State Bar (VSB) director of Access to Legal Services. In this role she develops, promotes, and coordinates the VSB's pro bono and access to justice initiatives. She oversees the VSB Standing Committee on Access to Legal Services, a statewide access to justice body which encourages participation in pro bono and addresses issues concerning legal representation of individuals who cannot afford counsel or are otherwise underserved. She is also a member of the Virginia Access to Justice Commission and the state administrator for Virginia Free Legal Answers. Ms. Gantz received her law degree from the University of Richmond and her undergraduate degree from The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.
Ashley T. Davis
Ashley Davis is an attorney in the Richmond, Virginia office of Allen & Allen. She is a legal strategist and litigator who focuses her practice on complex litigation, products liability, foodborne illness, sexual assault, federal litigation, and appellate practice. Ashley is an adjunct professor teaching trial advocacy at the University of Richmond's T. C. Williams School of Law, and a former instructor of Legal Research and Writing for the Paralegal Studies program at VCU. She is a member of the Boyd-Graves Conference of the Virginia State Bar and serves on the Board of Governors of the Virginia Trial Lawyers Association (VTLA). She is the former chair of the pro bono committees of the Richmond Bar Association and the VTLA. Ashley was recently named as an Influential Woman of Law by Virginia Lawyers Weekly. She is also honored to be listed as one of the Viriginia Super Lawyers, and as one of the Best Lawyers in America – "Ones to Watch," in 2022. Before attending law school, Ashley lived and worked as an archaeologist in Mexico and the Caribbean. She is a fluent Spanish-speaker.
Christina Mastroianni
Christina Mastroianni Christina Mastroianni is the Vice President of Community Engagement and Resource Development at ChamberRVA. In this role, she provides leadership for strategic program development and sponsorship efforts at ChamberRVA. A natural system builder, Christina thrives on every opportunity to bring people and organizations together to create lasting, positive change. Prior to joining the Chamber, Christina served as Vice President of Civic Engagement at the Community Foundation for a greater Richmond. Her work included developing and scaling initiatives dedicated to supporting volunteerism and civic engagement. Before than she managed operations, communications, and outreach for the City of Richmond's Office of Community Wealth Building. Christina earned her bachelor's degree from the University of Wisconsin – Madison and her Master's in government administration from the University of Pennsylvania's Fels Center of Government. A lifelong city dweller (seven cities in all!), she can be found spending time porch sitting in her family's Church Hill neighborhood or getting her hands dirty in her community garden plot.
Larry Mulligan
Larry Mulligan is the Chief Operating Officer for Richmond Metropolitan Habitat for Humanity, where he is responsible for oversight of ReStore, as well as Construction and Homeowner Services, in addition to his duties in Finance and Administration. Larry has worked in the nonprofit sector since 2015, after spending years providing consulting services to nonprofits. He has deep experience in Finance and operations oversight, in both the nonprofit and for-profit sectors.
Leesa Gregory
Leesa W. Gregory is Associate General Counsel at Zoot Enterprises, Inc., a Bozeman, MT-based financial services software company. Her practice focuses on business transactions, employment law, and intellectual property protection, but she has also assisted in real estate transactions, liquor licensing, and product liability. She is currently a trustee with a local foundation, a member of the Academic Excellence Committee for Cristo Rey High School, and has served on the board of Trinity Episcopal School and various other Bozeman schools. She is licensed to practice law in Montana and Virginia.


Home / Interviews / Pallotta responds to Monchi: "We gave him control, now we're in danger of finishing outside the Top 3".
Pallotta responds to Monchi: "We gave him control, now we're in danger of finishing outside the Top 3".
RomaPress – Ramon Monchi was unveiled today at Sevilla after having left Roma only two weeks ago. Today, RomaPress contacted president James Pallotta to ask if he had heard the words of the ex-Roma sporting director as he said only: "Oh yes, just wait".
"I was kind of surprised to read Monchi say at his press conference that he wanted to go one way and I wanted to go another way. I appreciate that Monchi never set out to fail at Roma but I want to make something very clear; right from the start, I was very clear about the direction I wanted us to go in and that's why we spent a lot of money bringing Monchi in. From the start, I said I wanted first class coaches, first class performance staff, first class medical staff, first class scouting and recruitment and a first class football organisation. I gave Monchi the keys to deliver that. I gave him 100% control to appoint the coach he wanted, to employ the assistant coaches and the performance staff, to manage the scouting and to bring in the players he wanted. If you look at our results and our performances, it's clear that this hasn't worked.


- is a research center committed to combining and advancing state-of-the-art of Computer Science and Economics. More specifically, we deal with cryptography, algorithmics, complexity, game theory and mechanism design. Our results will be used to design, analyze and implement new efficient and secure solutions for any type of electronic trading.
This includes auctions, procurement, market regulation, cost allocation and new emerging types of markets on the Internet.
Kristoffer Arnsfelt Hansen, Rasmus Ibsen-Jensen and Michal Koucký received the best paper award at the 9th International Symposium on Algorithmic Game Theory (SAGT) for their paper "The Big Match in Small Space". Congratulations!
Jesper Madsen (master student) and Irene Giacomelli (PhD student) received the Best Student Paper Award at the 25th USENIX Security Symposium for their paper "ZKBoo: Faster Zero-Knowledge for Boolean Circuits" which they wrote in collaboration with Claudio Orlandi. Congratulations!


I've used their Cardiff, Newport and Cwmbran outlets, and ordered on-line without any problems what-so-ever. The staff tended to be more mature ladies, perhaps London shops have opted for younger staff as an image statement.
perhaps London shops have opted for younger staff as an image statement.
Evans, along with many other UK retails chains, are not doing so well they can afford to do anything other than welcome EVERY potential customer walking through the front door.
I have some personal experience of himself, having witnessed him at first hand at a night club a couple of years into his waning celebrity status. It would not surprise me to find this is a bit of a 'storm-in-a-teacup' with matters reported, blown out of all proportion to reality.
Our own Heelman500 had an interesting and accommodating conversation in their Westfield (London) branch if I remember, and he couldn't have been looked after any better than he was. My feeling is, this was possibly an isolated event that the newspaper may have made into something much larger than was the case.
Evans must know they sell a lot of womens shoes to men, for them to wear. Why would they want to stop doing that?