text:
Latest ANVIL journal is on a "spiritual not religious" mission
Andrea Campanale
Introducing the latest issue of Anvil, Church Mission Society's journal of theology and mission, which investigates and demystifies an area which many Christians may find uncomfortable – the world of alternative spiritualities.
This edition of Anvil has come out of an event I organised at Church Mission Society last July. It was my joy and privilege to give a platform to those I have worked with in mission to the spiritual but not religious (SNR) for many years so that they might share the learning they have gleaned from their practice with a wider audience.
I hope that the articles some of them have gone on to write will take their insights yet further and help equip the church to see an interest in spirituality as an opportunity for dialogue that might enrich both parties' understanding of Christ's love and purpose in the world.
I have been seeking to build relationships with spiritual seekers in order to enable encounters with the divine for 14 years. I began in the healing field at Kingston Green Fair, worked and learned from Colin Brice, Simon Tierney and Katrina Moss at Eden People in Guildford and went on to create "Sacred Space Kingston". This began as an arts project to "imaginatively explore spirituality" and is now a fresh expression of church. I found much in these articles that resonates with my experience of pioneering in mission and I was particularly struck with some common threads that run through most, if not all of them.
Pastor Phil Wyman from Salem, Massachusetts, highlights the tension that exists between the old sensibilities and new ways of thinking and being. This is familiar territory for all pioneers, but he goes on to highlight the desire that is particularly evident at festivals for ecstatic experience and personal transformation. However, a search for transcendence that might bring greater wholeness is no fringe activity. I was intrigued that in a recent documentary focused on Alastair Campbell's personal exploration of depression on the BBC, hallucinogenic drugs were being trialled by Imperial College London as a possible medical treatment for anxiety and depression. In his article, Ian Mobsby also highlights the importance of the experiential for the SNR, which he roots in Trinitarian and Incarnational theology that reconciles us to relationship with God and the other in community.
One of the ways in which this is being initiated is by making space for open-ended missional conversations through a network of spirituality dialogue groups called "SearchingSoul".
Diana Greenfield is the ordained pioneer minister in Glastonbury, and I was fascinated by the recollections of a couple of her friends who would describe themselves as SNR yet wanted to grow in "Christconsciousness".
This would certainly echo my experience having a stand at the Mind Body Spirit Festival in Olympia for the last 12 years. People embrace Jesus, but like Emma Moreton's reflection in her article, they have been hurt, rejected and judged by the church. Paul Cudby is also reframing Christian community with The Arden Forest Church to both model a new style of leadership and recognise people's spiritual connection to nature, using a creative and flexible liturgy based upon the changing seasons. I like that as a parish priest, he bridges the gap between being faithful to his responsibility for an inherited model of church while reaching out to spiritual seekers.
I found Matt Arnold's article really helpful in bringing together the need for imagination and myth in apologetics and at the same time grounding this in the reality of Christ's birth and death in human history. He draws on the wonderful examples of JRR Tolkien and CS Lewis, as well as Jesus and St Paul. I think it has profound implications for mission in postmodernity that is captivated by story. The Space to Breathe case study outlines how the SNR can be engaged through art in a workplace context in order to encourage greater team collaboration and improve mental and physical health.
In summary, what I find so encouraging and challenging about this edition of Anvil is that all these wonderfully committed and innovative pioneers are drawing upon a rich heritage of Christian theology and practice.
However, I would like to suggest that it looks for inspiration to a Celtic Christianity that has more in common with the Desert Fathers and Mothers. I wonder if the church got a bit stuck in a contextualisation that was appropriate for the more rationalistic post-Enlightenment world of modernity, which no longer feels so relevant to the fast-paced, media-saturated and radically consumerist society that we now inhabit. Today people in the western world are searching for a spiritual encounter they don't have to totally comprehend. They want mysticism and contemplation, a spirituality that protects and sees the imprint of the Creator in all living things. But this is not passive, as Extinction Rebellion has demonstrated.
They can live with ambiguity, yet see through any attempt at control or inauthenticity. The feminine is to be celebrated and integrated along with masculinity as patriarchy is no longer tolerable. Stories are valid bearers of identity, meaning and eternal wisdom.
Inclusivity and participation are essential. Spirituality needs to encompass our bodies and emotions, not just our minds. Like these missionaries to the SNR, I think we are being stirred to figuratively and literally unblock the indigenous spiritual wells that exist in these sacred isles – to rediscover the God-infused signs and appetites that are all around once the Holy Spirit opens our eyes and sparks our imagination. These are exciting times to be alive. In the way of St Brendan as he set sail from the west coast of Ireland in just a coracle to cross the Atlantic, get ready to embark on a wild ride!
Read the latest anvil

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Home / certfiles / Samsung Galaxy Note Edge SM-N915T Cert (Certificate) file. / Samsung Galaxy Note Edge SM-N915T Cert (Certificate) file.
Samsung Galaxy Note Edge SM-N915T Cert (Certificate) file.
Gsm Solution January 08, 2018 certfiles, Samsung Galaxy Note Edge SM-N915T Cert (Certificate) file.


text:
\section{Introduction}
\IEEEPARstart{T}{he} main objective of this note is to correct the ergodic capacity versus SNR graphs of the MIMO fading channel in~\cite{jayaweera}. The ergodic capacity of a coherent MIMO fading channel $\bm{H}$\footnote{The matrix $\bm{H}$ is a $N_R \times N_T$ matrix, where $N_R$ and $N_T$ indicate the number of receive and transmit antennas, respectively.} with perfect instantaneous channel state information $H$ at the transmitter (CSIT) can be obtained by solving the following problem\footnote{Covariance matrix of the receiver AWGN noise vector, generally denoted as $N_0 \bm{I}_{N_R}$ in the literature, is taken to be the identity i.e. $N_0 = 1$.}~\cite[Section~8.2]{tsebook}:
\begin{align}\label{eq:gen:cap}
\max_{Q(H):\text{Tr}(\mathbb{E}_{\bm{H}}[Q(\bm{H})]) \leq P} \,\,\mathbb{E}_{\bm{H}} [\log \det (\bm{I}_{N_R} + \bm{H} Q(\bm{H})\bm{H}^{\dagger})]
\end{align}
where $Q(H)$ is the input covariance matrix and $P$ is an average power constraint at the transmitter, which implies $\text{Tr}(\mathbb{E}_{\bm{H}} [Q(\bm{H})]) \leq P$. In~\cite{jayaweera}, the authors solved the optimization in~\eqref{eq:gen:cap} for the IID Rayleigh fading model, i.e. channel matrix $\bm{H}$ has i.i.d. entries and each entry in $\bm{H}\sim\mathcal{CN}(0,1)$), to yield the capacity
with CSIT as
\begin{align}\label{eq:cap:csit0}
C &= m \, \mathbb{E}_{\boldsymbol{\lambda}} \bigl[\log(1 +\boldsymbol{\lambda} P(\boldsymbol{\lambda}))\bigr]
\end{align}
where $m = \min(N_R,N_T)$ and the optimal \emph{waterfilling} power scheme $P(\lambda) = (1/\lambda_0 - 1/\lambda)^+$.
We will use explicit notation $C(x,y,z)$ (resp. $\widehat{C}(x,y,z)$) to denote the capacity of this $x \times y$ MIMO fading channel with CSIT (resp. without CSIT) under constraint $z$ on the average transmit power. Precisely, the ergodic capacity has an integral-form expression as given in the Eq.~(58) in~\cite{jayaweera}, and is reproduced here with a simple change of variables\footnote{The $\gamma$ variable in the Eq.~(58) in~\cite{jayaweera} and $\lambda$ variable in Eq.~\eqref{eq:cap} above are related as $\gamma = \lambda \tfrac{P}{mN_0}$.} as follows:
\begin{align}\label{eq:cap}
C(N_R,N_T,P) = m \int_{\lambda_0}^{\infty} \log \left(\dfrac{\lambda}{\lambda_0}\right) f_{\boldsymbol{\lambda}} (\lambda) d \lambda
\end{align}
where $\lambda_0$ is the threshold parameter determined from
\begin{align}\label{eq:cutoff}
\int_{\lambda_0}^{\infty}\left( \dfrac{1}{\lambda_0} -\dfrac{1}{\lambda}\right) f_{\boldsymbol{\lambda}}(\lambda) d \lambda = \dfrac{P}{m}
\end{align}
\blfootnote{Software used to generate the numerical results and Monte Carlo simulation results in this paper can be downloaded from GitHub: \url{
https://github.com/kamalsinghsnu/CapacityOfRayleighFadingMIMOchannel}}
and the eigenmode distribution $f_{\boldsymbol{\lambda}} (\lambda)$ is given by
\vspace*{7pt}
\begin{align}\label{eq:eigendist}
f_{\boldsymbol{\lambda}} (\lambda) = \dfrac{e^{-\lambda} \lambda^{n-m} }{m} \sum_{k=0}^{m-1} \dfrac{k!}{(k+n-m)!} [L_{k}^{n-m}(\lambda)]^2\\[-13pt] \notag
\end{align}
where, in turn, $n = \max(N_R,\,N_T)$ and $L_k^{n-m}(\lambda)$, the associated Laguerre polynomial of order $k$, has a closed-form expression given as\vspace*{7pt}
\begin{align}\label{eq:associatedLaguarre:simplification}
L_{k}^{n-m}(\lambda) = \sum_{p = 0}^{k} \dfrac{(-\lambda)^{p}}{p!} {k + n - m \choose k - p} \cdot \\[-13pt] \notag
\end{align}
The ergodic capacity of this coherent MIMO channel \emph{without} CSIT is given by\vspace*{7pt}
\begin{align}\label{eq:cap:nocsit}
\widehat{C}(N_R,N_T,P)= m \int_{0}^{\infty} \log \left(1 + \lambda P/N_T \right) f_{\boldsymbol{\lambda}} (\lambda) d \lambda \\[-13pt] \notag
\end{align}
and the optimal power allocation is obtained by dividing the total transmit power $P$ equally among all transmit antennas~\cite[Theorem~2]{telatar_mimo}. It is easy to verify that\vspace*{7pt}
\begin{align}\label{eq:cap_rev:csit}
  C(N_R,N_T,P) &= C(N_T,N_R,P),\\[-13pt] \notag
\end{align}
and \vspace*{7pt}
\begin{align}\label{eq:cap_rev:no csit1}
\widehat{C}(N_R,N_T,P) \neq \widehat{C}(N_T,N_R,P)\\[-13pt] \notag
\end{align}
holds in general, except with equality when $N_R = N_T$. In fact, it is easy to check that for $N_R \,\,>\,\, N_T$,
\vspace*{7pt}
\begin{align}\label{eq:cap_rev:no csit2}
  \widehat{C}(N_R,N_T,P) &> \widehat{C}(N_T,N_R,P)\,\,\,\text{holds.}\\[-13pt] \notag
  \end{align}
In the following, for simplicity of notation, we will drop the functional dependence so that $C$ and $\widehat{C}$ should be understood to refer to $C(N_R,N_T,P)$ and $\widehat{C}(N_R,N_T,P)$ respectively. In the next section, we present counter ergodic capacity results with detailed justifications followed by comparison with the existing curves in the correspondence cited in the title. Corrections are also applied to the plots for the cut-off and
the outage probability bounds in~\cite{jayaweera}. The note concludes with a brief discussion and implication of the corrected capacity plots with and without CSIT.

\section{Counter results}
The focus is on the ergodic capacity versus SNR curves for the MIMO Rayleigh channel with CSIT presented in the Fig.~5 (or Fig.~6) in~\cite{jayaweera}. In this section, we present counter results for the ergodic capacity of the MIMO Rayleigh channel with CSIT computed using two independent approaches: \emph{one} set of results is computed using standard root-finding algorithms to
evaluate the waterfilling level $1/\lambda_0$ in Eq.~\eqref{eq:cutoff} and then using numerical integration in Eq.~\eqref{eq:cap}, and the \emph{second} set of results using Monte Carlo simulation\footnote{$10^6$ samples are considered for
Monte Carlo simulations.}. The range of SNR\footnote{SNR is taken as $P/(mN_0)$, similar to as Eq.~(34) in~\cite{jayaweera}.}, $N_T$ and $N_R$ are chosen as identical to that in~\cite{jayaweera}. The computed values with these two methods are close and thus, suggesting the correctness of the results; precisely, the values match exactly up to 2 decimal places, see Table~\ref{tab:fading1}-Table~\ref{tab:fading5}.
\begin{table}[H]
\caption{$N_R = 4$, $N_T = 4$ }\label{tab:fading1}
\centering
\begin{tabular}{c | c | c}
\hline
SNR  &  Capacity (Monte Carlo) &  Capacity (Numerical) \\
(dB)  &(bits/s/Hz) & (bits/s/Hz) \\[.50ex]
\hline
-15&1.182976&1.182924\\\hline
-10&2.518979&2.519749\\\hline
-5&4.788550&4.789042\\\hline
0&8.141317&8.141885\\\hline
5&12.502087&12.506322\\\hline
10&17.699588&17.695610\\\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{table}
\begin{table}[H]
\caption{$N_R = 4$, $N_T = 6$ }\label{tab:fading2}
\centering
\begin{tabular}{c | c | c}
\hline
SNR  &  Capacity (Monte Carlo) &  Capacity (Numerical) \\
(dB)  &(bits/s/Hz) & (bits/s/Hz) \\[.50ex]
\hline
-15&1.461202&1.461242\\\hline
-10&3.108600&3.108137\\\hline
-5&5.894179&5.894378\\\hline
0&9.973844&9.974640\\\hline
5&15.256107&15.255904\\\hline
10&21.346760&21.346403\\\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{table}
\begin{table}[H]
\caption{$N_R = 4$, $N_T = 8$ }\label{tab:fading3}
\centering
\begin{tabular}{c | c | c}
\hline
SNR  &  Capacity (Monte Carlo) &  Capacity (Numerical) \\
(dB)  &(bits/s/Hz) & (bits/s/Hz) \\[.50ex]
\hline
-15&1.714074&1.714015\\\hline
-10&3.633365&3.634128\\\hline
-5&6.858986&6.859198\\\hline
0&11.528260&11.527121\\\hline
5&17.324821&17.326976\\\hline
10&23.673975&23.674296\\\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{table}
\begin{table}[H]
\caption{$N_R = 4$, $N_T = 10$ }\label{tab:fading4}
\centering
\begin{tabular}{c | c | c}
\hline
SNR  &  Capacity (Monte Carlo) &  Capacity (Numerical) \\
(dB)  &(bits/s/Hz) & (bits/s/Hz) \\[0.50ex]
\hline
-15&1.949946&1.949609\\\hline
-10&4.120259&4.120068\\\hline
-5&7.730976&7.732018\\\hline
0&12.835914&12.836162\\\hline
5&18.886564&18.886957\\\hline
10&25.328800&25.329797\\\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{table}
\begin{table}[H]
\caption{$N_R = 4$, $N_T = 12$ }\label{tab:fading5}
\centering
\begin{tabular}{c | c | c}
\hline
SNR  &  Capacity (Monte Carlo) &  Capacity (Numerical) \\
(dB)  &(bits/s/Hz) & (bits/s/Hz) \\[.50ex]
\hline
-15&2.171655&2.172626\\\hline
-10&4.576217&4.574792\\\hline
-5&8.530615&8.530668\\\hline
0&13.934214&13.933461\\\hline
5&20.122317&20.121336\\\hline
10&26.612371&26.613163\\\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{table}
The capacity values with CSIT in Table~\ref{tab:fading1}-Table~\ref{tab:fading5} are plotted in Fig.~\ref{fig:one} and
Fig.~\ref{fig:two} along with the corresponding capacity values \emph{without} CSIT. The capacity results without CSIT are determined by solving the integral in~\eqref{eq:cap:nocsit} numerically and are also verified with Monte Carlo simulations, see Table~\ref{tab:fading6}-Table~\ref{tab:fading14} in Appendix~\ref{sec:app:A}.
\begin{figure}[H]
\centering
\includegraphics[scale = 1.1]{curve1.pdf}
\caption{Ergodic capacity of \emph{coherent} $N_R \times N_T$ MIMO IID Rayleigh channel with $N_T = 4$ (fixed).}
\label{fig:one}
\end{figure}
\begin{figure}[H]
\centering
\includegraphics[scale = 1.1]{curve2.pdf}
\caption{Ergodic capacity of \emph{coherent} $N_R \times N_T$ MIMO IID Rayleigh channel with $N_R = 4$ (fixed).}
\label{fig:two}
\end{figure}
\noindent

To further validate the capacity results with CSIT as shown in Fig.~\ref{fig:one} (or Fig.~\ref{fig:two}), we focus on the extreme SNR regimes.
\begin{itemize}
\item In the \emph{high} SNR regime, the optimal waterfilling scheme allocates nearly same power for \emph{all} states i.e. $P(\lambda) \approx P/m$~\cite[pp.~346-348]{tsebook}.
Thus, at high SNR,
\begin{align}\label{eq:cap:csit1}
C &= m \, \mathbb{E}_{\boldsymbol{\lambda}} \bigl[\log(1 + \boldsymbol{\lambda} P(\boldsymbol{\lambda}))\bigr] \notag \\
                &\approx m \int_{0}^{\infty} \log \left(1 +  \lambda P/m  \right) f_{\boldsymbol{\lambda}} (\lambda) d \lambda.
\end{align}
Comparing~\eqref{eq:cap:csit1} with~\eqref{eq:cap:nocsit}, it is straightforward that, at high SNR,
\begin{align}\label{eq:cap:approxi}
C \approx \widehat{C}
\end{align}
whenever $m = N_T$. This fact, clearly visible in Fig.~\ref{fig:one} at high SNRs, validates the correctness of the capacity values with CSIT presented in this note.
\item In the \emph{low} SNR regime,~\cite{tall} showed that the ergodic capacity with CSIT of this MIMO fading channel scales asymptotically as SNR$\,\log$($1/$SNR)\footnote{$P/N_0$ is taken as SNR in~\cite{tall}.}; in particular, an on-off transmission scheme on the strongest eigenmode\footnote{The CDF of $\boldsymbol{\lambda_{max}}$ is borrowed from~\cite[Corollary 2]{kang}. Alternatively, the PDF of $\boldsymbol{\lambda_{max}}$ is available in~\cite[Eq.~(38)]{zanella}.} (say $\boldsymbol{\lambda_{max}}$) is proposed that is ``asymptotically (at low SNR) capacity-achieving''. This observation is also hinted in~\cite[Eq.~(7.15)]{tsebook}.
    The ergodic rate achievable with the on-off transmission scheme is given by~\cite{tall}
    \begin{align}\label{eq:onoff}
     R &= \mathbb{E}_{\boldsymbol{\lambda_{max}}} \bigl[\log(1 + \lambda_{max} P(\lambda_{max}))\bigr] \notag \\
       &= \int_{\tau}^{\infty} \log \left(1 +  \lambda P_0  \right) f_{\boldsymbol{\lambda_{max}}} (\lambda) d \lambda
    \end{align}
    where $\tau$ is the threshold (chosen same as the \emph{waterfilling} threshold $\lambda_0$) and $P_0 = P/\int_{\tau}^{\infty} f_{\boldsymbol{\lambda_{max}}} (\lambda) d \lambda$. These rates are obtained numerically for a wide range of low SNR values (see Table~\ref{tab:fading15}-Table~\ref{tab:fading19} in Appendix~\ref{sec:app:B}) and plotted in Fig.~\ref{fig:three} along with corresponding ergodic capacity with CSIT achieved using the `optimal' waterfilling scheme over all the non-zero eigenvalues.
    \begin{figure}[H]
\centering
\includegraphics[scale = 1.1]{curve3.pdf}
\caption{Ergodic rates of \emph{coherent} $N_R \times N_T$ MIMO IID Rayleigh channel with CSIT and $N_R = 4$ (fixed) at \emph{low} SNRs. For each power scheme (On-off or Waterfilling), the curves correspond, in ascending order, to $N_T = 4,6,8,10,12$.}
\label{fig:three}
\end{figure}
    The ergodic rates achievable using on-off power scheme are close to the computed capacity values with CSIT at sufficiently low SNRs; for example, observe the rates in Fig.~\ref{fig:three} at the SNR of $-15$ dB or lower~(for exact comparison, see Table~\ref{tab:fading15}-Table~\ref{tab:fading19} in Appendix~\ref{sec:app:B}). This further validates the correctness of the capacity results with CSIT presented here.
\end{itemize}

A close examination of the ergodic capacity versus SNR curves in the Fig.~5 and Fig.~6 in~\cite{jayaweera},
when compared with Fig.~\ref{fig:one} and Fig.~\ref{fig:two} respectively in this note, indicates several differences as follows:
\begin{itemize}
\item At low SNRs, the capacity values with CSIT in the~Fig.~5 in~\cite{jayaweera} show significantly `larger' improvements with increasing $N_R$ receive antennas than the corresponding values in~Fig.~\ref{fig:one} in this note. For example, at low enough SNR of $-15$ dB, the capacity with CSIT in the~Fig.~5 in~\cite{jayaweera} varies roughly from around $1$ to $5$ bits/s/Hz as $N_R$ receive antennas increase from $4$ to $12$ respectively while the corresponding capacity values for these settings in~Fig.~\ref{fig:one} (or~Fig.~\ref{fig:three}) in this note range nearly from $1.18$ to $2.17$ bits/s/Hz respectively.
\item Though less noticeable, at high SNRs, the capacity values with CSIT in the~Fig.~5 in~\cite{jayaweera} are slightly lower in comparison to the corresponding values in~Fig.~\ref{fig:one} here.
\item Furthermore, the capacity curves \emph{without} CSIT in the~Fig.~5 and Fig.~6 in~\cite{jayaweera} are inaccurate; for example, the $C \approx \widehat{C}$ approximation at high SNR whenever $m = N_T$ (as noted in Eq.~\eqref{eq:cap:approxi}), is missing in the~Fig.~5 in~\cite{jayaweera}. Similar discrepancy can be noticed in the Fig.~6 in~\cite{jayaweera} by comparing capacity values of the $4 \times 4$ Rayleigh channel with and without CSIT at high SNRs (Eq.~\eqref{eq:cap:approxi} holds for this specific channel setting, but is missing in the Fig.~6 in~\cite{jayaweera} as well).
\end{itemize}
To summarize, there are serious inaccuracies in the ergodic capacity plots (both CSIT and no CSIT) presented in the~Fig.~5 and Fig.~6 in~\cite{jayaweera}, thus resulting in unwarranted comparison and conclusion. These plots are corrected in this note and presented as~Fig.~\ref{fig:one} and Fig.~\ref{fig:two} along with detailed justifications.

Fig.~\ref{fig:five} in this note is a corrected version of the Fig.~8 in~\cite{jayaweera}. On comparing the capacity values in these figures, the discrepancies can be noticed at large `minimum number of antennas $m$' for high SNR values.
\begin{figure}[H]
\centering
\includegraphics[scale = 1.1]{curve5.pdf}
\caption{Ergodic capacity versus minimum number of antennas $(m)$ with $n = 18$ (fixed).}
\label{fig:five}
\end{figure}
It is difficult to identify all the sources of numerical errors in the ergodic capacity plots in~\cite{jayaweera}. One error source is the discrepancy in the threshold value computed in~\cite{jayaweera}. Eq.~(36) in~\cite{jayaweera} is reproduced below:
\begin{align}\label{eq:cutoff1}
\int_{\gamma_0}^{\infty}\left( \dfrac{1}{\gamma_0} -\dfrac{1}{\gamma}\right) f_{\boldsymbol{\gamma}}(\gamma) d \gamma = 1.
\end{align}
\begin{figure}[http]
\centering
\includegraphics[scale = 1.1]{curve4.pdf}
\caption{Optimal cut-off versus SNR for $m = 4$.}
\label{fig:four}
\end{figure}
\noindent
Eq.~\eqref{eq:cutoff1} is a modification of Eq.~\eqref{eq:cutoff} with the substitution $\gamma = \lambda \tfrac{P}{mN_0}$ mentioned in the third
footnote. In~\cite{jayaweera}, this cut-off $\gamma_0$ is computed and plotted in the Fig.~4 for $m = 4$ (fixed), $n = 4,\,6,\,8,\,10$ and SNR (in dB scale) $= -10,\,-5,\,0,\,5,\,10,\dots,\,40$.
For these exact channel settings, we compute the cut-off $\gamma_0$ and plotted the values in Fig.~\ref{fig:four} in this note. On comparing these two figures, we conclude that the cut-off values for the selected SNR range in~\cite{jayaweera} are lower than the corresponding cut-off values in Fig.~\ref{fig:four} in this note. The error gap (or discrepancy) is significantly larger at low SNR and narrows down at high SNR.
\begin{remark}
In~\cite{jayaweera}, Section~III is devoted to ergodic capacity evaluation for the single receiver antenna systems i.e. $N_R = 1$. The $\gamma_0$ plots (Fig.~1) and the capacity curves (both CSIT and no CSIT) (Fig.~2) in~\cite{jayaweera} for the rank-one channel are `correct'. Also, the ergodic rates in the  Fig.~3 in~\cite{jayaweera} are correct.
\end{remark}

In~\cite{jayaweera}, Fig.~9 and Fig.~10 are plots of the proposed upper bounds (Eq.~(64) and Eq.~(66)) on the outage probability. The outage probability is given by $P_{\mathrm{out}}^{n,m} := F_{\boldsymbol{\lambda_{max}}} (\lambda_0)$ where $F_{\boldsymbol{\lambda_{max}}} (\cdot)$ denotes the CDF of the  strongest eigenmode $\boldsymbol{\lambda_{max}}$. For the ease of reading, we reproduce these bounds:
\begin{align}
P_{\mathrm{out}}^{n,m} \, &\leq \, \dfrac{1}{\Gamma(n)\Gamma(m)} [\Gamma(n+m-1) - \Gamma(n+m-1,\lambda_0)] \equiv p_1,\label{eq:bound1}\\
P_{\mathrm{out}}^{m,m} \, &\leq \, \min\{p_1,\,p_2\},\label{eq:bound2}
\end{align}
where $p_2 \equiv 1 - e^{-m\lambda_0}$. These bounds are evaluated incorrectly in~\cite{jayaweera} due to errors in the cut-off values; the  cut-off $\gamma_0$ and the waterfilling threshold $\lambda_0$ are related as $\gamma_0 = \tfrac{P}{m}\lambda_0$ (Eq.~(17) in~\cite{jayaweera}). Fig.~\ref{fig:six} and Fig.~\ref{fig:seven} presented in this note are corrected versions of the Fig.~9 and Fig.~10 respectively in~\cite{jayaweera}. Rather, the outage probability can be computed directly using the $F_{\boldsymbol{\lambda_{max}}} (\cdot)$ distribution function~\cite[Corollary~2]{kang}. For the sake of completeness, we compare the upper bounds in Eq.~\eqref{eq:bound1} and Eq.~\eqref{eq:bound2} with the actual outage probability in Fig.~\ref{fig:eight} and Fig.~\ref{fig:nine} respectively in this note.
\begin{figure}[http]
\centering
\includegraphics[scale = 1.1]{curve6.pdf}
\caption{Upper bound (Eq.~\eqref{eq:bound1}) for outage probability of a coherent MIMO IID Rayleigh channel with CSIT and $m = 2$ (fixed). This figure is a corrected version of the Fig.~9 in~\cite{jayaweera}.}
\label{fig:six}
\end{figure}
\begin{figure}[http]
\centering
\includegraphics[scale = 1.1]{curve7.pdf}
\caption{Upper bound (Eq.~\eqref{eq:bound2}) for outage probability of a coherent MIMO IID Rayleigh channel with CSIT and $m = n$. This figure is a corrected version of the Fig.~10 in~\cite{jayaweera}.}
\label{fig:seven}
\end{figure}
\begin{figure}[http]
\centering
\includegraphics[scale = 1.1]{curve8.pdf}
\caption{Upper bound (Eq.~\eqref{eq:bound1}) compared with actual outage probability of a coherent MIMO IID Rayleigh channel with CSIT and $m = 2$ (fixed).}
\label{fig:eight}
\end{figure}
\begin{figure}[http]
\centering
\includegraphics[scale = 1.1]{curve9.pdf}
\caption{Upper bound (Eq.~\eqref{eq:bound2}) compared with actual outage probability of a coherent MIMO IID Rayleigh channel with CSIT and $m = n$.}
\label{fig:nine}
\end{figure}

\newpage
\section{Discussion}
An interesting contrast between performances of the coherent MIMO systems with and without CSIT can be inferred from the corrected capacity curves in Fig.~\ref{fig:one} and Fig.~\ref{fig:two}:
\begin{itemize}
\item For the case when the number of receive antennas $N_R$ is kept fixed and number of transmit antennas $N_T$ is increasing (above $N_R$), the capacity curves without CSIT suggest the effect of varying $N_T$ is marginal. To justify this, notice that the transmit power is spread out equally across all directions in the $\mathcal{C}^{N_T}$ vector space due to the lack of CSIT, leading to `wasted' energy which increases with increasing $N_T$. On the contrary, the diversity gains possible to the receiver improve due to increasing $N_T$. Overall, the improvement in the capacity without CSIT is marginal; with CSIT, the vector is projected on only the desirable $m$ non-zero eigenvalues or directions.
\item In contrast, for the case when $N_T$ is fixed and $N_R$ is increasing (above $N_T$), the gap between the capacity curves with CSIT and without CSIT is generally small and nearly vanishes at high SNR~(see Eq.~\eqref{eq:cap:approxi}). At high SNRs, and since $m = N_T$ holds here, it is easy to deduce that the optimal power allocations at the transmit antennas in both situations (CSIT and no CSIT) are nearly identical. Furthermore, with focus on the capacity without CSIT here, notice that the spread of transmit power or energy across all directions in $\mathcal{C}^{N_T}$ remains `same' (since $N_T$ is fixed) while the \emph{coherent} receiver is able to exploit higher diversity gains possible due to increasing $N_R$.
\end{itemize}
This overall contrast is somewhat limited in~\cite{jayaweera} because of flaws in the capacity curves.

The implications of these observations for the coherent MIMO system design can be briefly summarized as follows:
\begin{enumerate}
\item the loss of capacity due to lack of channel state information at the transmitter side for the MIMO Rayleigh fading channel can be made significantly smaller at \emph{medium to high} SNRs by providing a `larger' antenna array at the receiver\footnote{number of receive antennas to be larger than that of transmit antennas}.
\item On the other hand, larger antenna array at the transmitter yields minimal improvement in the capacity for the lack of CSIT. Alternatively, when the antenna array at the transmitter side is larger than at the receiver end, it is imperative to provide channel
    information at the transmitter to increase the throughput significantly.
\end{enumerate}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
Linda Brown, Whose Case Ended Racial Segregation in US Schools, Dies
FILE - Linda Brown Smith, date and location unknown. Smith was a third grader when her father started a class-action suit in 1951 of the Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas, which led to the U.S. Supreme Court's 1954 decision against school segregation (AP Photo)
Linda Brown, who was at the center of the 1954 Supreme Court case that ended racial segregation in American schools, has died. She was 76 years old.
Brown was nine years old when her father, Oliver Brown, sued the local school board in 1951. The family lived in Topeka, the capital city of the state of Kansas. They wished to send Linda to an all-white elementary school close to their home.
In the 1950s, segregation laws in many American states did not let black children and white children attend the same schools.
The Brown family's case was one of several similar cases brought together by the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, or NAACP. They targeted Topeka's school system. The cases were combined and made it to the Supreme Court. They became known as Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, named after Linda's father.
At the time, many schools in the United States were segregated as part of a wider system of discrimination known as the Jim Crow laws. They also enforced other forms of discrimination, such as separate public drinking fountains for black and white people, and extreme rules and taxes on black people who tried to vote. This kept many black people from voting and helped white leaders remain in power.
Linda Brown Smith, 9, is shown in this 1952 photo. Smith was a 3rd grader when her father started a class-action suit in 1951 of the Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas.
An 1896 Supreme Court decision supported those laws, saying that as long as the separate services were equal, they were permissible.
In Linda Brown's case, her family wanted her to go to a school that was both better quality and closer to her home than the one she was already attending.
Judges at the lower court ruled that Topeka's system was acceptable, saying the schools were equal in their services.
But in 1954, every member of the Supreme Court voted to reject that position. The ruling remains one of the most well-known cases in the court's history.
Chief Justice Earl Warren wrote at the time, "We conclude that in the field of public education the doctrine of 'separate but equal' has no place."
He added that education may be the most important service performed by state governments, and that the conditions of a child's schooling have an important effect on their life.
Honoring her history
After news of Brown's death, leaders around the country praised her and the importance of her case.
Linda Brown, right, and her two children pose for a photo in their home in Topeka, Kansas.
"Sixty-four years ago a young girl from Topeka brought a case that ended segregation in public schools in America," Kansas Governor Jeff Colyer wrote on Twitter. "Linda Brown's life reminds us that sometimes the most unlikely people can have an incredible impact and that by serving our community we can truly change the world."
Representative Bobby Scott of Virginia said of Brown, "Students all around our nation are forever in your debt for the sacrifices you made in the fight for equality in education."
Leaders noted that more work needs to be done in bringing equality to American schools.
The Congressional Black Caucus group said, "The struggle to end 'separate but equal' continues as our schools are becoming increasingly more segregated."
Senator Dianne Feinstein of California said "we remember how far we've come in one lifetime and how far we have to go."
Following the historic case, Linda Brown's father became a minister at a church in Springfield, Missouri. He died of a heart attack in 1961. In 1988, Linda Brown and her sister, Cheryl Brown Henderson, created the Brown Foundation for Educational Equity, Excellence and Research.
Linda Brown died Sunday in Topeka. Her sister confirmed Linda's death to news media. A cause of death has not been released.
Sherrilyn Ifill is president of the NAACP Legal Defense and Education Fund. She said Monday, "the life of every American has been touched by Linda Brown. The country is indebted to her, the Brown family, and the many other families involved in the cases that successfully challenged school segregation."
VOA News reported this story. Phil Dierking adapted it for Learning English, with additional materials from the Associated Press. Ashley Thompson was the editor.
We want to hear from you. Write to us in the Comments Section or on our Facebook page.
drinking fountain - n. a device in a public place that produces a stream of water for people to drink from
doctrine - n. a set of ideas or beliefs that are taught or believed to be true
incredible - adj. difficult or impossible to believe
impact - n. a powerful or major influence or effect
indebted - adj. owing something (such as money or thanks) to someone or something
segregation - n. the practice or policy of keeping people of different races, religions, etc., separate from each other
sue - v. to use a legal process by which you try to get a court of law to force a person, company, or organization that has treated you unfairly or hurt you in some way to give you something or to do something
American Schools Remain Divided by Race
American History: Life in the 1950s
'National Geographic' Magazine Chief Admits History of Racist Coverage


text:
(function webpackUniversalModuleDefinition(root, factory) {
	if(typeof exports === 'object' && typeof module === 'object')
		module.exports = factory();
	else if(typeof define === 'function' && define.amd)
		define([], factory);
	else if(typeof exports === 'object')
		exports["middlewareDecorator"] = factory();
	else
		root["middlewareDecorator"] = factory();
})(this, function() {
return /******/ (function(modules) { // webpackBootstrap
/******/ 	// The module cache
/******/ 	var installedModules = {};
/******/
/******/ 	// The require function
/******/ 	function __webpack_require__(moduleId) {
/******/
/******/ 		// Check if module is in cache
/******/ 		if(installedModules[moduleId])
/******/ 			return installedModules[moduleId].exports;
/******/
/******/ 		// Create a new module (and put it into the cache)
/******/ 		var module = installedModules[moduleId] = {
/******/ 			exports: {},
/******/ 			id: moduleId,
/******/ 			loaded: false
/******/ 		};
/******/
/******/ 		// Execute the module function
/******/ 		modules[moduleId].call(module.exports, module, module.exports, __webpack_require__);
/******/
/******/ 		// Flag the module as loaded
/******/ 		module.loaded = true;
/******/
/******/ 		// Return the exports of the module
/******/ 		return module.exports;
/******/ 	}
/******/
/******/
/******/ 	// expose the modules object (__webpack_modules__)
/******/ 	__webpack_require__.m = modules;
/******/
/******/ 	// expose the module cache
/******/ 	__webpack_require__.c = installedModules;
/******/
/******/ 	// __webpack_public_path__
/******/ 	__webpack_require__.p = "";
/******/
/******/ 	// Load entry module and return exports
/******/ 	return __webpack_require__(0);
/******/ })
/************************************************************************/
/******/ ([
/* 0 */
/***/ function(module, exports, __webpack_require__) {

	'use strict';

	var _synchronousMiddlewareRunner = __webpack_require__(1);

	var _synchronousMiddlewareRunner2 = _interopRequireDefault(_synchronousMiddlewareRunner);

	var _asynchronousMiddlewareRunner = __webpack_require__(2);

	var _asynchronousMiddlewareRunner2 = _interopRequireDefault(_asynchronousMiddlewareRunner);

	var _promisedMiddlewareRunner = __webpack_require__(3);

	var _promisedMiddlewareRunner2 = _interopRequireDefault(_promisedMiddlewareRunner);

	function _interopRequireDefault(obj) { return obj && obj.__esModule ? obj : { default: obj }; }

	/**
	 * @typedef {Function} functionMiddleware~use
	 * @param {Function} middleware
	 */

	/**
	 * @typedef {Function} functionMiddleware
	 * @property {functionMiddleware~use} use
	 */

	/**
	 * Generates middleware runner decorators with the given middlewareRunner
	 * @param {Function} middlewareRunner
	 * @returns {middlewareRunner}
	 */
	function middlewareDecoratorFactory(middlewareRunner) {
	  /**
	   * Decorates the given function with middleware functionality
	   * @param {Function} f
	   * @returns {functionMiddleware}
	   */
	  return function middlewareDecorator(f) {
	    function decoratedF() {
	      var _decoratedF$_middlewa;

	      return (_decoratedF$_middlewa = decoratedF._middleware).run.apply(_decoratedF$_middlewa, arguments);
	    }

	    decoratedF._middleware = new middlewareRunner(f);

	    decoratedF.use = function (middleware) {
	      decoratedF._middleware.use(middleware);
	    };

	    decoratedF.has = function (middleware) {
	      return decoratedF._middleware.has(middleware);
	    };

	    return decoratedF;
	  };
	} /**
	   * Created on 11/12/16.
	   * @author Joel Hernandez <involvmnt@gmail.com>
	   */

	var middlewareDecorator = middlewareDecoratorFactory(_synchronousMiddlewareRunner2.default);
	middlewareDecorator.async = middlewareDecoratorFactory(_asynchronousMiddlewareRunner2.default);
	middlewareDecorator.promised = middlewareDecoratorFactory(_promisedMiddlewareRunner2.default);

	module.exports = middlewareDecorator;

/***/ },
/* 1 */
/***/ function(module, exports) {

	"use strict";

	Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", {
	    value: true
	});

	var _createClass = function () { function defineProperties(target, props) { for (var i = 0; i < props.length; i++) { var descriptor = props[i]; descriptor.enumerable = descriptor.enumerable || false; descriptor.configurable = true; if ("value" in descriptor) descriptor.writable = true; Object.defineProperty(target, descriptor.key, descriptor); } } return function (Constructor, protoProps, staticProps) { if (protoProps) defineProperties(Constructor.prototype, protoProps); if (staticProps) defineProperties(Constructor, staticProps); return Constructor; }; }();

	function _classCallCheck(instance, Constructor) { if (!(instance instanceof Constructor)) { throw new TypeError("Cannot call a class as a function"); } }

	var SynchronousMiddlewareRunner = function () {
	    function SynchronousMiddlewareRunner(f) {
	        _classCallCheck(this, SynchronousMiddlewareRunner);

	        this._middlewares = [];
	        this._f = f;
	    }

	    _createClass(SynchronousMiddlewareRunner, [{
	        key: "_digest",
	        value: function _digest(middlewares, input) {
	            if (middlewares.length === 0) return input;
	            var nextMiddleware = middlewares.shift();
	            var nextMiddlewareOutput = nextMiddleware(input);
	            return this._digest(middlewares, nextMiddlewareOutput);
	        }
	    }, {
	        key: "use",
	        value: function use(middleware) {
	            if (typeof middleware !== "function") throw new Error('middleware:function is required');
	            this._middlewares.push(middleware);
	        }
	    }, {
	        key: "has",
	        value: function has(middleware) {
	            return this._middlewares.indexOf(middleware) != -1;
	        }
	    }, {
	        key: "_runFWithArgs",
	        value: function _runFWithArgs() {
	            return this._f.apply(this, arguments);
	        }
	    }, {
	        key: "run",
	        value: function run() {
	            var fOutput = this._runFWithArgs.apply(this, arguments);
	            if (this._middlewares.length === 0) return fOutput;
	            return this._digest(this._middlewares.slice(), fOutput);
	        }
	    }]);

	    return SynchronousMiddlewareRunner;
	}();

	exports.default = SynchronousMiddlewareRunner;

/***/ },
/* 2 */
/***/ function(module, exports, __webpack_require__) {

	'use strict';

	Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", {
	    value: true
	});

	var _createClass = function () { function defineProperties(target, props) { for (var i = 0; i < props.length; i++) { var descriptor = props[i]; descriptor.enumerable = descriptor.enumerable || false; descriptor.configurable = true; if ("value" in descriptor) descriptor.writable = true; Object.defineProperty(target, descriptor.key, descriptor); } } return function (Constructor, protoProps, staticProps) { if (protoProps) defineProperties(Constructor.prototype, protoProps); if (staticProps) defineProperties(Constructor, staticProps); return Constructor; }; }();

	var _synchronousMiddlewareRunner = __webpack_require__(1);

	var _synchronousMiddlewareRunner2 = _interopRequireDefault(_synchronousMiddlewareRunner);

	function _interopRequireDefault(obj) { return obj && obj.__esModule ? obj : { default: obj }; }

	function _toConsumableArray(arr) { if (Array.isArray(arr)) { for (var i = 0, arr2 = Array(arr.length); i < arr.length; i++) { arr2[i] = arr[i]; } return arr2; } else { return Array.from(arr); } }

	function _classCallCheck(instance, Constructor) { if (!(instance instanceof Constructor)) { throw new TypeError("Cannot call a class as a function"); } }

	function _possibleConstructorReturn(self, call) { if (!self) { throw new ReferenceError("this hasn't been initialised - super() hasn't been called"); } return call && (typeof call === "object" || typeof call === "function") ? call : self; }

	function _inherits(subClass, superClass) { if (typeof superClass !== "function" && superClass !== null) { throw new TypeError("Super expression must either be null or a function, not " + typeof superClass); } subClass.prototype = Object.create(superClass && superClass.prototype, { constructor: { value: subClass, enumerable: false, writable: true, configurable: true } }); if (superClass) Object.setPrototypeOf ? Object.setPrototypeOf(subClass, superClass) : subClass.__proto__ = superClass; } /**
	                                                                               * Created on 11/12/16.
	                                                                               * @author Joel Hernandez <involvmnt@gmail.com>
	                                                                               */

	var AsynchronousMiddlewareRunner = function (_SynchronousMiddlewar) {
	    _inherits(AsynchronousMiddlewareRunner, _SynchronousMiddlewar);

	    function AsynchronousMiddlewareRunner() {
	        _classCallCheck(this, AsynchronousMiddlewareRunner);

	        return _possibleConstructorReturn(this, (AsynchronousMiddlewareRunner.__proto__ || Object.getPrototypeOf(AsynchronousMiddlewareRunner)).apply(this, arguments));
	    }

	    _createClass(AsynchronousMiddlewareRunner, [{
	        key: '_digest',
	        value: function _digest(middlewares, input, onDigested) {
	            if (middlewares.length === 0) return onDigested(undefined, input);
	            var nextMiddleware = middlewares.shift();

	            var that = this;

	            function next(nextMiddlewareOutput) {
	                if (nextMiddlewareOutput instanceof Error) {
	                    onDigested(nextMiddlewareOutput);
	                } else {
	                    that._digest(middlewares, nextMiddlewareOutput, onDigested);
	                }
	            }

	            nextMiddleware(input, next);
	        }
	    }, {
	        key: 'run',
	        value: function run() {
	            var fOutput = this._runFWithArgs.apply(this, arguments);
	            var digestionOutput = void 0;
	            var _cb2 = void 0;

	            function runCb() {
	                if (digestionOutput && _cb2) _cb2.apply(undefined, _toConsumableArray(digestionOutput));
	            }

	            function onDigested() {
	                for (var _len = arguments.length, output = Array(_len), _key = 0; _key < _len; _key++) {
	                    output[_key] = arguments[_key];
	                }

	                digestionOutput = output;
	                runCb();
	            }

	            this._digest(this._middlewares.slice(), fOutput, onDigested);
	            return {
	                cb: function cb(_cb) {
	                    if (typeof _cb !== "function") throw new Error('_cb:function is required');
	                    _cb2 = _cb;
	                    runCb();
	                }
	            };
	        }
	    }]);

	    return AsynchronousMiddlewareRunner;
	}(_synchronousMiddlewareRunner2.default);

	exports.default = AsynchronousMiddlewareRunner;

/***/ },
/* 3 */
/***/ function(module, exports, __webpack_require__) {

	'use strict';

	Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", {
	    value: true
	});

	var _createClass = function () { function defineProperties(target, props) { for (var i = 0; i < props.length; i++) { var descriptor = props[i]; descriptor.enumerable = descriptor.enumerable || false; descriptor.configurable = true; if ("value" in descriptor) descriptor.writable = true; Object.defineProperty(target, descriptor.key, descriptor); } } return function (Constructor, protoProps, staticProps) { if (protoProps) defineProperties(Constructor.prototype, protoProps); if (staticProps) defineProperties(Constructor, staticProps); return Constructor; }; }();

	var _synchronousMiddlewareRunner = __webpack_require__(1);

	var _synchronousMiddlewareRunner2 = _interopRequireDefault(_synchronousMiddlewareRunner);

	function _interopRequireDefault(obj) { return obj && obj.__esModule ? obj : { default: obj }; }

	function _classCallCheck(instance, Constructor) { if (!(instance instanceof Constructor)) { throw new TypeError("Cannot call a class as a function"); } }

	function _possibleConstructorReturn(self, call) { if (!self) { throw new ReferenceError("this hasn't been initialised - super() hasn't been called"); } return call && (typeof call === "object" || typeof call === "function") ? call : self; }

	function _inherits(subClass, superClass) { if (typeof superClass !== "function" && superClass !== null) { throw new TypeError("Super expression must either be null or a function, not " + typeof superClass); } subClass.prototype = Object.create(superClass && superClass.prototype, { constructor: { value: subClass, enumerable: false, writable: true, configurable: true } }); if (superClass) Object.setPrototypeOf ? Object.setPrototypeOf(subClass, superClass) : subClass.__proto__ = superClass; } /**
	                                                                               * Created on 11/12/16.
	                                                                               * @author Joel Hernandez <involvmnt@gmail.com>
	                                                                               */

	var PromisedMiddlewareRunner = function (_FunctionMiddleware) {
	    _inherits(PromisedMiddlewareRunner, _FunctionMiddleware);

	    function PromisedMiddlewareRunner() {
	        _classCallCheck(this, PromisedMiddlewareRunner);

	        return _possibleConstructorReturn(this, (PromisedMiddlewareRunner.__proto__ || Object.getPrototypeOf(PromisedMiddlewareRunner)).apply(this, arguments));
	    }

	    _createClass(PromisedMiddlewareRunner, [{
	        key: '_isPromise',

	        /**
	         * Checks if the given value is a promise
	         * @param {Object} value
	         * @returns {boolean}
	         * @private
	         */
	        value: function _isPromise(value) {
	            return typeof value.then === 'function';
	        }
	    }, {
	        key: '_digest',
	        value: function _digest(middlewares, input) {
	            var _this2 = this;

	            if (middlewares.length === 0) return input;
	            var nextMiddleware = middlewares.shift();
	            var nextMiddlewareOutput = nextMiddleware(input);

	            if (this._isPromise(nextMiddlewareOutput)) {
	                return nextMiddlewareOutput.then(function (nextMiddlewareResolution) {
	                    return _this2._digest(middlewares, nextMiddlewareResolution);
	                });
	            }
	            return this._digest(middlewares, nextMiddlewareOutput);
	        }

	        /**
	         * @param args
	         * @returns {Promise}
	         */

	    }, {
	        key: 'run',
	        value: function run() {
	            var _this3 = this;

	            /**
	             * @type {Promise}
	             */
	            var fOutput = this._runFWithArgs.apply(this, arguments);
	            if (this._middlewares.length === 0) return fOutput;
	            return fOutput.then(function (fResolution) {
	                return _this3._digest(_this3._middlewares.slice(), fResolution);
	            });
	        }
	    }]);

	    return PromisedMiddlewareRunner;
	}(_synchronousMiddlewareRunner2.default);

	exports.default = PromisedMiddlewareRunner;

/***/ }
/******/ ])
});
;
//# sourceMappingURL=middleware-decorator.js.map

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Ottawa Bus Driver Berates, Swears At 'Mildly Autistic' Passenger Matthew Taronno (VIDEO - WARNING: LANGUAGE)
UPDATE FROM CBC NEWS: The young autistic man who was apparently the target of an expletive-filled tirade from an Ottawa bus driver says he was reading from a script he had written when the driver lashed out at him.
Matthew Taronno, a 20-year-old who describes himself as "mildly autistic," said the script contained some "inappropriate language" and said he went to the front of the bus to apologize. The driver was in no mood to hear it, Taronno told CBC News on Sunday at Algonquin College, where he is studying script writing.
The 55-second cellphone video of the exchange, shot on the No. 96 bus from downtown Ottawa to Kanata, has attracted hundreds of views and many angry comments since it was posted to YouTube.
WATCH A VIDEO INTERVIEW WITH TARONNO
Ottawa's mayor says he's disturbed by a YouTube video in which a city bus driver appears to swear and berate a passenger described by witnesses as having a mental disability.
The cellphone video, which was posted last week, captures the driver yelling at a passenger on an OC Transpo bus.
"Shut the f---k up!' the driver yells. "Shut your ignorant f---king cake-hole! Don't say another f---king word!"
The verbal abuse continues for nearly a minute.
"If you don't shut your f---king face I'm going to stick my fist in it!" the driver says.
The man who shot the video told CTV News the incident happened on Route 96 from downtown Ottawa to Kanata early Thursday morning when there were only a few people on the bus. He said the passenger was rambling, appeared mentally ill and tried to apologize to the driver.
Another passenger familiar with the young man said he's believed to have Asperger's syndrome, The Ottawa Sun reports.
Alain Mercier, OC Transpo's general manager of transit services, said the agency is taking the incident seriously, QMI Agency reports:
"Customer relations is always a priority for us and we take this situation very seriously," Mercier said. "... Appropriate action will be taken based on the findings."
Ottawa Mayor Jim Watson said the video was troubling.
"Like anyone I am very disturbed by what I have seen and heard and want to see a thorough investigation conducted," he wrote on his Twitter account Sunday afternoon.
Transit commission chairwoman Diane Deans said on Sunday appropriate action will be taken pending the outcome of the investigation, but any disciplinary action won't be disclosed, The Ottawa Sun reports.
It's not the first time an OC Transpo driver's behaviour has been videotaped, CBC News reports. A YouTube video posted earlier this year showed a driver complaining about the smell of smoke on a passenger riding the bus to Kanata. The driver then lost his temper with a passenger who objected to his rudeness.
TRANSIT INCIDENTS CAUGHT ON CAMERA:
MORE: cellphone video OC Transpo Matthew Taronno news OC Transpo OC Transpo abuse OC Transpo swear Ottawa bus driver swearing Ottawa bus driver swears Ottawa bus driver video video


When the pioneers formed long wagon trains in the 1850's, one of their favorite foods was a wild bush found along the sides of the trails. It was the sunflower seed and they found it was an excellent snack. Over the years they threw away the seeds as they munched and the early wagon trails always had sunflower plants along the sides of the routes. over the years the crop because a dry land crop. It doesn't take much to grow and the price was always cheap. Sunflower plants are found primarily in the mid lands of the USA - Kansas, North and South Dakota, Minnesota, Nebraska, and Colorado. The sunflower is used both as bird food and the confection variety is also a snack food roasted and salted for fun eating..


Gift a smile to yourself anytime and anywhere by learning the principals of Eastern Wisdom. Learn and Educate your mind to live in Inner Calm, Peace and Happiness. Practice Mindfulness through digital audio files that offer new perspective and benefits week after week online. This will help you to explore the wisdom of great masters and their teachings to achieve well-being, manage pain and awaken to your inner potential.
The program (weekly) introduces easy, simple practices of rest and relaxation that transitions to meditation. It is free from cult, dogma and belief. Educate yourself the art of rest, relaxation and meditation.
The program is an experiential learning, engages participants acquire knowledge of the principles of eastern wisdom, followed by small and easy practice, sharing of experiences to induce relaxation anytime and anywhere within few minutes.
The 4 Step relaxation Practice is adapted from the teachings of a great master Astavakra lived more than 3000 years ago. The master says that when we consciously withdraw the mind and allow the mind to rest within, we awaken to peace and happiness.
According to eastern wisdom, pain, suffering, afflictions, discomfort, reaction, agitation have one common cause i.e. ignorance, wrong or incomplete knowledge. This ignorance dissolves, destroys and transforms by regular practice.
Retrain the brain program helps you to manage anxiety, stress, physical pain, enhance awareness, increase memory, focus and induce deep relaxation, peace and happiness based on the teachings of great masters who lived 3500 years ago.
Buddha discovered the eight fold path of mindfulness aims at awakening to inner peace and happiness. It also brings an end to sufferings. The eight fold path explains the basic principles and practice of mindfulness.


text:
Email Recipient:
Type what you see in the image:
Car Reviews Nissan 2017 Nissan Armada Platinum Review
2017 Nissan Armada Platinum Review
By Stephen Elmer Feb 28, 2017 Photos by Chris Blanchette (video too)
The new Nissan Armada is a large, unapologetic, body-on-frame SUV that provides seating for up to eight people and a comfortable ride. But let's take a look at what this SUV isn't to really see how it has evolved.
Engine: 5.6-liter V8
Output: 390 hp and 394 lb-ft of torque
Transmission: Seven-speed automatic.
US Fuel Economy (MPG): 13 city, 18 hwy
CAN Fuel Economy (L/100km): 17.5 city, 12.9 hwy
Price (US): Starts at $44,900. As tested $61,585
Price (CAN): Starts at $64,248. As tested $70,000
For 2017, Nissan has decided to import the Patrol, an SUV that has been on sale in world markets for years, rather than redesign the Armada using the all-new frame from the Titan pickup truck. But we don't get the same Armada as everyone else, either. In North America, we don't get the front- and rear-locking differentials, disconnecting sway bar system or hydraulic body mount setup that the Patrol gets in other markets.
SEE MORE: 2017 Nissan Armada First Drive
It is understandable that Nissan wants to chase the family market, rather than the much more elusive full-size SUV off-roader. This switchover to the watered-down Patrol platform, however, doesn't exactly deliver for families either, because it cuts rear-seat legroom by nearly four inches compared to the previous Armada model.
So, it's not the hardcore off-roader it could be (in fact, the new model has a lower approach angle than the previous model, making it less capable off road as well), and it is actually less practical for people hauling. And, unfortunately, the negative effects of this so-called redesign don't stop there.
Dated Inside
The interior of the new Armada looks like it could be from 2010, because it is. That was the same year the Patrol received its last major update and it hasn't been touched since. So while old doesn't always mean bad, there are some glaring issues with this approach. First, the grey plastic used on the center console looks tacky and out of place, especially next to the nice wood trim, while the layout is busy and convoluted.
If Nissan had of gone ahead with the Titan-based redesign, the Armada would likely have shared the truck's new innards, which are leaps and bounds ahead of this interior in terms of modernity and contemporary design. The small info screen between the gauges shows the vehicle's age with its black and white graphics. And to add insult to injury, Nissan's infotainment system is itself slightly laggy and confusing, not adding to the appeal of the Armada inside.
On the plus side, the leather used in the Platinum trim Armada we tested was sumptuous to the touch and the seats, including the rear bucket seats, were comfortable.
SEE MORE: 2016 Infiniti QX80 Review
Looking in the back, the standard seating setup consists of two bucket seats up front with two 60/40 split bench seats behind, providing space for eight passengers. A full 41 inches of legroom is available for the second row, which is a ton of space for an adult to be comfortable. Third-row occupants are, again, the ones who lost out, with just 28.4 inches of legroom, falling short of its competition.
So the interior feels old, there is less legroom in the back and the fun equipment that makes the Patrol so popular in world markets is not present. Does this SUV have anything to offer? It certainly does.
It's in the drive where the Armada manages to offer something that its competition can't: a totally plush ride. Driving the Armada feels old school: this is a big SUV that floats over the road, leans in the corners and provides some real comfort. Many of today's full-size SUVs have aspirations of handling, which results in a stiffer ride. The Armada isn't trying to stick in the corners, but in doing so, it manages to be one of comfiest big SUVs out there.
Power is not lacking from the 5.6-liter V8 that makes 390 horsepower and 394 lb-ft of torque, made accessible to your right foot by a seven-speed automatic transmission. The V8 revs smoothly and the seven-speed always has torque on tap, although we did catch it making a few slow downshifts. The downshifts themselves were always smooth, facilitated by the auto rev-matching downshift system at work in the Armada's seven-speed. It is nearly imperceptible while it is working unless you're paying attention to it, and that is exactly the point.
SEE MORE: 2017 Nissan Titan: AutoGuide.com Truck of the Year Contender
There is something else old school about the new Armada as well: fuel economy. The ratings are pegged at 13 mpg (17.5 L/100 km) in the city, 18 (12.9 L/100 km) on the highway, combining for 15 mpg (15.4 L/100 km), not exactly great numbers. Keep in mind, the 5,822-pound curb weight of the Armada is not doing it any favors.
Although the Armada has taken a leap back in time with this update, there are a few modern systems, such as the adaptive cruise control, which, like other modern Nissan products, works well. Compared to some other systems on the market, we have found Nissan's to be slightly smoother than other systems out there. There is also auto emergency braking, lane-keep assist, backup collision intervention, around view monitor cameras and moving object detection.
The loaded up Armada Platinum model that we tested sells for $61,585 in the U.S., certainly a lot of money, but not crazy when you consider that a top-trim Chevy Suburban Premier sells for just over $66,000. At the low end, the basic Armada SV starts at $44,900.
In Canada, the Armada Platinum sells for just over $70,000, while the comparable fully loaded Chevy Suburban costs over $75,000 north of the border.
The Verdict: 2017 Nissan Armada Platinum Review
So, does it really matter that the Armada is now an imported Patrol? Well, in a vacuum, when you don't consider its predecessor, the 2017 Nissan Armada is not a bad vehicle, offers a strong powertrain, nice first- and second-row accommodations and a comfortable ride. But when you look at it next to its predecessor, and especially next to modern Nissan products like the Titan, you can see how this business decision driven by cost savings is holding Nissan back from being a real player in the full-size SUV space.
While not bad on its own, the 2017 Nissan Armada feels like a missed opportunity.
Plush ride
Powerful V8
Old interior
Lack of third row legroom


Being the CEO of ARM sometimes makes me feel like I have an extra child. And I mean that affectionately.
I was there to see the company take its first steps, there to watch it grow and there to swell with pride as it repeatedly performed at the top of its class. It's something that I care immensely deeply about, naturally. You can imagine, therefore, how I feel about our people, particularly those who have been with ARM for a long time.
There have been a lot of changes in the business over the last 12 months or so – coinciding with the promotion of Leon Howgill to ARM Managing Director. Leon started with the business back in 2000 as an IT consultant, and worked his way through the ranks, evolving into an assured expert, a consummate professional and a respected leader.
Picture, then, how pleased I was when, at nearly 11pm on 3 May, Leon was announced as winner of Agency Recruitment Leader of the Year at the prestigious Recruiter Awards. Naturally, everyone at our table yelled with delight, and as Leon made the very long walk from our table to the stage to collect his award, I felt a bit like a proud dad (despite the fact that he's marginally older than me!).
Discovering afterwards that many of our staff were similarly following the award results on social media and cheering for their MD, it struck me just how highly regarded Leon is considered by the whole business – not just to the leadership team. The sheer amount of well-wishes he's received since are evidence of that.
ARM's whole philosophy is based on the importance of having good people around you in the workplace. In Leon, we're lucky enough to have not only an ambassador to represent the brand in the industry, but also someone who remains approachable, who pioneers and steers exciting change, and is always happy to send himself up for the sake of charity or our Twitter feed.
Leon's win is testament to everything that he's been doing this year and demonstrates that we're on the right track. For this to be recognised and celebrated in front of our peers is massive; it cements Leon's position as a credible industry leader and is hugely advantageous for the brand.
The Recruiter Award judges praised Leon for 'leading a phenomenal success story of turning around the business'. They lauded his 'investment in future talent' through setting up the Apprenticeship Academy. They acknowledged how it was his commitment to technology – and not to pressurising staff – that helped ARM regain its foothold. Suffice to say, they were seriously impressed.
There are exciting times ahead. With Leon championing our partnership with Feefo, leading the implementation of technological innovations and continuing to empower his people to fulfil their potential, I can say with full confidence that ARM has really come of age. We're approaching our 21st birthday, after all – which is enough to make any father feel both gratified and relieved that they can at last have a rest (just six weeks or so!).
We may have had some challenges during our teenage years (who doesn't?) but after a little maturing, we're now clear about what ARM is and more importantly, what it isn't – and Leon was instrumental in shaping that.
He won't mind me sharing this: after his win, Leon's children made a sign that read: "Well done dad, you are the don, I love you," which I know will have made him extremely chuffed. So as one proud dad to another, congratulations Leon.


Modern Stand Up Shower Designs Glamorous Incredible Modern Stand Up Shower Designs Stand Up Shower Designs Stand Up Shower Bathroom Designs Car is part of great design ideas. Modern Stand Up Shower Designs Glamorous Incredible Modern Stand Up Shower Designs Stand Up Shower Designs Stand Up Shower Bathroom Designs Car was created by combining fantastic ideas, interesting arrangements, and follow the current trends in the field of that make you more inspired and give artistic touches. We'd be honored if you can apply some or all of these design in your home. believe me, brilliant ideas would be perfect if it can be applied in real and make the people around you amazed!
Modern Stand Up Shower Designs Glamorous Incredible Modern Stand Up Shower Designs Stand Up Shower Designs Stand Up Shower Bathroom Designs Car was posted in August 7, 2018 at 1:31 pm. Modern Stand Up Shower Designs Glamorous Incredible Modern Stand Up Shower Designs Stand Up Shower Designs Stand Up Shower Bathroom Designs Car has viewed by 68 users. Click it and download the Modern Stand Up Shower Designs Glamorous Incredible Modern Stand Up Shower Designs Stand Up Shower Designs Stand Up Shower Bathroom Designs Car.
Bathroom, Freestanding Modern Tub was posted September 2, 2017 at 10:54 am by Tigriffith.com . More over Freestanding Modern Tub has viewed by 4917 visitor.
Bathroom, Modern Stand Up Shower Designs was posted September 3, 2017 at 5:12 am by Tigriffith.com . More over Modern Stand Up Shower Designs has viewed by 2611 visitor.
Bathroom, Bathtubs Freestanding Modern was posted September 12, 2017 at 3:41 pm by Tigriffith.com . More over Bathtubs Freestanding Modern has viewed by 8544 visitor.


text:
#include "chip.h"
#include "util.h"
#include <string.h>

#define TEST_CCAN_BAUD_RATE 500000

#define TEST_PORT 2
#define TEST_PIN 10

#define DEBUG_ENABLE

#ifdef DEBUG_ENABLE
	#define DEBUG_Print(str) Chip_UART_SendBlocking(LPC_USART, str, strlen(str))
	#define DEBUG_Write(str, count) Chip_UART_SendBlocking(LPC_USART, str, count)
#else
	#define DEBUG_Print(str)
	#define DEBUG_Write(str, count)
#endif

/*
Times the interrupts of on Pin 9
*/

const uint32_t OscRateIn = 12000000;

CCAN_MSG_OBJ_T msg_obj;

volatile uint32_t msTicks;

static char str[20];		// The array of chars for UART output

static volatile uint32_t time;	// The current running average fo time
static volatile uint32_t count;	// The number of samples taken since the last output
static uint32_t lastPrint;	// The last time for the output

void SysTick_Handler(void){
	msTicks++;
}

/*
* During the interrupts on the Timer32_0 capture 0 pin, create a running average over the course of 200 milliseconds
*
*/

void TIMER32_0_IRQHandler(void){
	Chip_TIMER_Reset(LPC_TIMER32_0);					// Reset the timer immediately
        Chip_TIMER_ClearCapture(LPC_TIMER32_0, 0);				// Clear the capture
	time = (time*count+Chip_TIMER_ReadCapture(LPC_TIMER32_0,0))/(1+count);	// Continue the running average
	count++;								// Increase the count hto allow the running average to be properly computed
}

void canBaudrateCalculate(uint32_t baud_rate, uint32_t *can_api_timing_cfg) {
	uint32_t pClk, div, quanta, segs, seg1, seg2, clk_per_bit, can_sjw;
	Chip_Clock_EnablePeriphClock(SYSCTL_CLOCK_CAN);
	pClk = Chip_Clock_GetMainClockRate();

	clk_per_bit = pClk / baud_rate;

	for (div = 0; div <= 15; div++) {
		for (quanta = 1; quanta <= 32; quanta++) {
			for (segs = 3; segs <= 17; segs++) {
				if (clk_per_bit == (segs * quanta * (div + 1))) {
					segs -= 3;
					seg1 = segs / 2;
					seg2 = segs - seg1;
					can_sjw = seg1 > 3 ? 3 : seg1;
					can_api_timing_cfg[0] = div;
					can_api_timing_cfg[1] =
						((quanta - 1) & 0x3F) | (can_sjw & 0x03) << 6 | (seg1 & 0x0F) << 8 | (seg2 & 0x07) << 12;
					return;
				}
			}
		}
	}
}

/*	CAN receive callback */
/*	Function is executed by the Callback handler after
    a CAN message has been received */
void CAN_rx(uint8_t msg_obj_num) {
}

volatile bool t = false;
/*	CAN transmit callback */
/*	Function is executed by the Callback handler after
    a CAN message has been transmitted */
void CAN_tx(uint8_t msg_obj_num) {
	if (msg_obj_num == 0) t = true;
}

static volatile bool b = false;
static volatile uint32_t can_error = 0;
/*	CAN error callback */
/*	Function is executed by the Callback handler after
    an error has occurred on the CAN bus */
void CAN_error(uint32_t error_info) {
	b = true;
	can_error = error_info;
}

/**
 * @brief	CCAN Interrupt Handler
 * @return	Nothing
 * @note	The CCAN interrupt handler must be provided by the user application.
 *	It's function is to call the isr() API located in the ROM
 */
void CAN_IRQHandler(void) {
	LPC_CCAN_API->isr();
}

uint8_t Rx_Buf[8];

uint32_t lastError = 0;

int main(void){
	SystemCoreClockUpdate();

	if(SysTick_Config(SystemCoreClock/1000)){
		while(true);
	}
	count = 0;

	// GPIO Initialization
	Chip_GPIO_Init(LPC_GPIO);					// Initialize GPIO for specific memory location
	Chip_GPIO_WriteDirBit(LPC_GPIO, TEST_PORT, TEST_PIN, true);	// Test for running code LED
	Chip_GPIO_SetPinState(LPC_GPIO, TEST_PORT, TEST_PIN, false);	// Test for running code LED

	// UART Setup
	Chip_IOCON_PinMuxSet(LPC_IOCON, IOCON_PIO1_6, (IOCON_FUNC1 | IOCON_MODE_INACT));/* RXD */
    Chip_IOCON_PinMuxSet(LPC_IOCON, IOCON_PIO1_7, (IOCON_FUNC1 | IOCON_MODE_INACT));/* TXD */

	Chip_UART_Init(LPC_USART);
    Chip_UART_SetBaud(LPC_USART, 57600);
    Chip_UART_ConfigData(LPC_USART, (UART_LCR_WLEN8 | UART_LCR_SBS_1BIT | UART_LCR_PARITY_DIS));
    Chip_UART_SetupFIFOS(LPC_USART, (UART_FCR_FIFO_EN | UART_FCR_TRG_LEV2));
    Chip_UART_TXEnable(LPC_USART);
	// End of UART setup

	// Timer Initialization things
	Chip_TIMER_Init(LPC_TIMER32_0);			// Initialize the timer
	Chip_TIMER_Reset(LPC_TIMER32_0);		// Reset the timer
	Chip_TIMER_PrescaleSet(LPC_TIMER32_0, 0);	// Ensure that the prescaler is 0
	LPC_TIMER32_0->CCR |= 5;			// Set the first and third bits of the capture

	// Interrupt setup things
	Chip_IOCON_PinMuxSet(LPC_IOCON, IOCON_PIO1_5, (IOCON_FUNC2|IOCON_MODE_INACT));	// Set port 1, pin 5, to the 32 bit timer capture function
	NVIC_SetPriority(SysTick_IRQn, 1);						// Give the SysTick function a lower priority
	NVIC_SetPriority(TIMER_32_0_IRQn, 0);						// Ensure that the 32 bit timer capture interrupt has the highest priority
	NVIC_ClearPendingIRQ(TIMER_32_0_IRQn);						// Ensure that there are no pending interrupts on TIMER_32_0_IRQn
	NVIC_SetPriority(CAN_IRQn, 2);
    NVIC_EnableIRQ(TIMER_32_0_IRQn);						// Enable interrupts on TIMER_32_0_IRQn

	//Chip_TIMER_Enable(LPC_TIMER32_0);						// Start the timer

	lastPrint = msTicks;								// Give lastPrint an initial value of the current time

	//CAN stuff hopefully
	uint32_t CanApiClkInitTable[2];
	/* Publish CAN Callback Functions */
	CCAN_CALLBACKS_T callbacks = {
		CAN_rx,
		CAN_tx,
		CAN_error,
		NULL,
		NULL,
		NULL,
		NULL,
		NULL,
	};
	canBaudrateCalculate(TEST_CCAN_BAUD_RATE, CanApiClkInitTable);

	LPC_CCAN_API->init_can(CanApiClkInitTable, TRUE);
	/* Configure the CAN callback functions */
	LPC_CCAN_API->config_calb(&callbacks);
	/* Enable the CAN Interrupt */
	NVIC_EnableIRQ(CAN_IRQn);

	Chip_UART_SendBlocking(LPC_USART, "=====\r\n", 7);

	msg_obj.msgobj = 1;
	msg_obj.mode_id = 0x000;
	msg_obj.mask = 0x000;
	LPC_CCAN_API->config_rxmsgobj(&msg_obj);

	b = false;
	t = false;

	while(1){
		// For the rest of the time running...

		if(msTicks - lastPrint > 1000){	// 5 times per second
			// itoa(SystemCoreClock/time, str, 10);			// Convert the frequency to a string of base 10 numbers
			// Chip_UART_SendBlocking(LPC_USART, str, strlen(str));	// Send the frequency over UART to the computer
	  //      	Chip_UART_SendBlocking(LPC_USART, "\n\r", 2);		// Send a new line to ensure readability for the user
			lastPrint = msTicks;					// Store the current time, to allow the process to be done in another 1/5 second

			msg_obj.msgobj = 0;
			msg_obj.mode_id = 0x100;
			msg_obj.dlc = 2;
			// msg_obj.data[0] = (uint8_t)((60*(SystemCoreClock/time)/47) & 0xFF);
			// msg_obj.data[1] = (uint8_t)((60*(SystemCoreClock/time)/47) & 0xFF00 >> 8);
			msg_obj.dlc = 0;
			msg_obj.data[0] = 0xAA;
			msg_obj.data[1] = 0xAA;

			time = 0;						// Set the average time back to 0
			count = 0;						// Set the count for the average back to 0

			DEBUG_Print("Trying to send...\r\n");
			LPC_CCAN_API->can_transmit(&msg_obj);
		}

		if (b) {
			b = false;
			Chip_UART_SendBlocking(LPC_USART, "Error: ", 7);
			itoa(can_error, str, 2);
			Chip_UART_SendBlocking(LPC_USART, str, strlen(str));
			Chip_UART_SendBlocking(LPC_USART, "\r\n", 2);
			// lastError = msTicks;
		}

		if (t) {
			t = false;
			DEBUG_Print("\tSuccessfully Sent\r\n");
		}

		Chip_GPIO_SetPinState(LPC_GPIO, TEST_PORT, TEST_PIN, true);			// Turn on the LED on port 2, pin 10 to ensure that the code made it into the loop
	}
}


text:
The 2010 Ford Mustang Review
Anthony LawrenceJune 30, 2009
1.24KViews
Ford Mustang Introduction
Ford Mustang Body Style
Ford Mustang Features
Ford Mustang Performance
Ford Mustang Quality
Ford Mustang Safety
Ford Mustang Conclusion
The 2010 Ford Mustang is priced at MSRP: $20,995 – $51,325 is a modern sport coupe. The new Ford Mustang is the updated version of the olden Mustang car which made its debut in 1964. It is also known to be an American automotive icon.
The 2010 Ford Mustang is a well-styled car with touches of modernity. The designers have used a perfect blend of the retro style with a modern touch. The four-light grille and the fender lines are the highlights of the older model which are used to add a retro touch to the vehicle. The exteriors of this car have been well designed which offer a sleek silhouette to its exterior body. The front fascias are designed differently to offer distinguishing looks between two trim levels. The new hood bulge that has been designed along with new mirrors and new grille offers a lively look to the car. The curved rear shoulders, with well-shaped corners and a bold nose, add to the elegance of the exterior look.
The interiors are also well restyled and offers a new look inside the cabin. The black dash and door surface which are tastefully blended with an aluminum panel and chromed plastic trimmed rings add a dashing look to the interior cabin. We noted that the steering wheel obstructs access to various controls. Overall the 2010 Ford Mustang adds a makeover to the older version with poise and style.
The 2010 Ford Mustang is available as a coupe or convertible. They are further classified into various trims that offer different features. They are classified into V6, V6 premium and GT, and GT premium. The standard model i.e. V6 is outfitted with 17-inch alloy wheels, cruise control, keyless entry, power accessories, and a CD audio system. The V6 premium model further adds features such as leather upholstery, color adjustable gauges, leather-wrapped steering wheels, power driver seat and an audio system with a six-CD changer. The V8 powered GT model comes with 18-inch wheels, bright aluminum trim for the dash and ribbed door-panel inserts fog lamps, a rear spoiler, and MyColor, which allows the driver to choose from dozens of illumination colors for the gauges, a gauge background bezel, ambient cabin lighting, and ultra-cool illuminated sill plates.
It has some of the new features which are very functional like the cruise control buttons are well placed along with the audio controls on the steering wheels, the new Easy Fuel capless fuel filler system which makes going to the gas fuel an enjoyable experience, this is another feature that needs applause. The Ford Mustang also offers a host of additional features that are very efficient such as nav system with a huge eight-inch screen and the latest version of Sync Telematic System. We noted that the SYNC had a distinguishing characteristic of recognizing voices, a sharp screen and the best iPod and Bluetooth phone integration system that is seen in another vehicle of this segment. The Ford Mustang also offers the option of buying premium packages to the buyers which offer higher grade leather which is very appealing to the eye along with a choice of red, blue or cashmere accent colors; they also add an aluminum shift knob for the lever of the manual transmission. Overall we can say that the Ford Mustang is loaded with a wealth of useful high tech features.
The 2010 Ford Mustang offers powerful and capable engines that comes with a five-speed manual transmission, the five-speed automatic transmission is optionally available. They offer the same transmissions on the standard as well as premium versions. We noted that the manual transmission was smooth with positive clutch actions. The V6 version is equipped with a 4.0-liter V6 engine which generates 210 horsepower and 240-pound feet of torque while the GT version is equipped with a 4.6-liter V8 engine which generates 315 horsepower and 325-pound feet of torque.
During the test drive, the automotivecraze team noted that the Mustang sprinted from zero to 60mph in 5.2 seconds and completed a quarter-mile in 13.7 seconds which is very good compared to other vehicles of this segment. We note that the V6 performed better in fuel economy. During the test drive conducted on manual, the V6 offered a fuel economy of 16 mpg city levels, 24 mpg highway and 19 mpg combined while the GT offered 15 mpg city levels, 22 mpg highway and 18 mpg combined.
The new Mustang is equipped with new front suspension struts that come with bigger pistons and stiffer springs which offer smooth handling and good ride quality. Overall we feel that this version offers a great driving experience and would appeal to most driving aficionados.
The 2010 Ford Mustang has been restyled to offer good comfort and style and they have successfully cleared the entire negatives image that had been associated with poor interiors. The seats are well designed to offer adequate comfort but it would be incorrect to compare them to a luxury coupe. The cabin seats can comfortably seat taller passengers as they have good leg space and adequate headroom. This sports coupe offers decent storage space which is generally not available in cars of this segment. The cabin storage was bare with hardly any storage space inside the door map pockets. The high dash tops and tall window sills make the cabin feel cozier. We found the power-adjustable driver seat which was available in the premium package to be highly useful as they offered greater comfort to the driver.
The interiors are redesigned to make it very functional at the same time provide good ambiance inside the cabin. The instrument panel is perfectly crafted with high-quality materials and stretches from one door to another and from the top of the center console to the base of the windshield. Most of the interiors have been replaced by soft touching materials with much better precision.
During the test drive, we noted that this Mustang is crafted with such aerodynamics and acoustic insulation upgrades that if offers no wind or road noise inside the cabin. It can be rightfully described as the quietest car in recent times. The sportier suspension soaks in all the bumps and road flaws without any protest. Overall we felt that that the interiors are refurbished to offer comfort and quality.
The 2010 Ford Mustang offers a host of safety features in addition to other features. They include antilock four-wheel disc brakes, a full range of airbags, and traction and stability control systems in all the models. They have various optional features available to woo all those buyers who wish to very cautious while driving. The new 2010 antiskid system which has been designed offers complete utility and is true value for money. We also noted that they are well designed to offer complete visibility to the driver.
During the various crash test that was conducted to check the efficiency of this vehicle it scored a complete five on five for the rollover test and front and side-impact test.
The 2010 Ford Mustang is a car that has been successfully redesigned to overcome all its earlier flaws. The main highlights of this car are powerful acceleration, good performance, Ford Sync system, great interiors, improved ride, and handling. The main drawbacks that we noted were only five-speed transmission available and unimpressive fuel economy.
Anthony Lawrence June 30, 2009
2010 New Chevrolet Camaro review
2009 BMW X5 Series Review, Pictures
TOP 10 Tech Cars for Less Than 20 K Dollars
2019 Chevrolet Silverado 1500 High Country vs 2019 Ford F-150 Limited vs 2019 Ram 1500 Limited
Royal Cars for Royal Weddings
Acura MDX 2020 Review
Moisture in headlights: Causes and Solutions
Top 8 Best Coating Thickness Gauge Review
The Best LED Headlights — Review and Buyer's Guide


Everyone says it's super easy to get a job in Chiang Mai if you're a white English speaking female, especially with blonde hair and pale skin. What they don't tell you is its a little more difficult to get a job you actually want.
Before the Celta was even over, I was offered a job as a first grade homeroom teacher in an English program. But I had my heart set on actually teaching English, not just teaching in English. So I held out. And handed out my resumes at language schools. And waited. And applied. And waited. And waited.
And as my bank account dwindled and the job offers remained elusive, the old familiar pangs of anxiety came creeping up, threatening the simplicity of the vacation-esque life I'd been living.
And then came a phone call. Which led to a week of substituting. Which led to an offer of a permanent job. And then the floodgates opened and I received several other offers. As it turns out, everyone was right in saying it's easy to get a teaching job in Chiang Mai…just as long as you're prepared to wait a really long time for it. "Thai time" isn't exactly punctual. But patience has its payoffs I suppose–I am employed. And at the end of my first week of teaching I was handed an envelope of cash in lieu of a paycheck…and boy did I feel like a millionaire. Having an income is really a marvelous thing.
Last week I moved from a dingy one room "apartment" to a house with 3 other girls. I have a proper room, there's a living room and a kitchen (not that I will start cooking now, after 26 years, but I imagine I'll take advantage of the microwave). It's lovely. It is such a good feeling to have a place to call home, where I can unpack my suitcase and begin to feel settled. Chiang Mai has been home for 4 months but is only really beginning to feel like it. A job, a house…I'm a real picture of domestic stability these days.
The weather has been brutal the last several weeks, garnering infamy as the hottest summer in something like 60 years. For over a month it reached 104 or higher every day. I've just sort of gotten used to the idea of being covered in sweat all day every day. Once you've accepted that as your fate, it's really not so bad.
But last week we finally got some relief in the form of a much needed rainstorm. Never has rain felt so beautiful as when it falls through thick layers of smoke and dust and finally clears the air for the first time in weeks. Doi Suthep, only a few miles a way, is usually obscured by haze, but in the aftermath of the rainstorm the gold facade of the temple sparkled clearly. Yesterday we had another rain storm, and I'm beginning to feel hope that the worst of the heat is on its way out.
My dear friend Lexi and her partner Jeremiah moved to Chiang Mai, and I could not be happier about it. Her birthday was last week and we celebrated with food and drinks and lots of laughter.
Despite the notion of a carefree life drifting around Asia many people seem to have, life is unsurprisingly no simpler here than it was at home. I still feel the same stresses and anxieties, still struggle with insomnia and worry. But as I realize just how beautiful my life here is, I work hard to put those things behind me.
I love living in Thailand. I am surrounded by beautiful scenery and the kindest people and am finally beginning to find my place here. I miss Seattle and my family there, but I could not be more confident that I made the right decision by moving here.
So that's my life lately. Enjoy this complimentary picture of my new roommate Aarin and our cat Tyrone. Who is without a doubt the weirdest cat I've ever met.
Yay for the job and new place!! Congratulations friend, so glad uour bravery is paying off and you're starting to feel at home!!


The first of a three CD series, this particular recording is the third all-original solo project by Cruz. The 2nd movement from Dichotomy No. 1 uses a daring blend of rondo form and theme and variations. Dichotomy No. 2 was commissioned by guitar aficionado, Martin Olson, and features a Turina/Impressionistic inspired Prelude. Five Pieces in C is a light musical family portrait using like harmonic elements for unification among the movements. Tempus Fugit is a capricious guitar duet composed for the Hanser-McClellan duo. Triduum was commissioned by Brett Floyd and is a programmatic work based on the last three days of Christ—the unusual dissonant tuning for this piece underscores the weight of topic.
This is the second CD in Cruz's series of original compositions. Featured on the internationally syndicated radio show .Classical Guitar Alive' only two weeks after its release, Piezas Para El Mundo is sure to satisfy the critical ear and captivate the attention of all who love classical guitar music. This CD includes traditional style compositions but also explores a fusion of modern style with classical structure and symmetrical melodies. It also includes Cruz's composition 'Questioning' (from The Portal) as published by Soundboard Magazine.
This recording was inspired by Mark's brother, Edgar, who has released a series of remarkable cover tune recordings throughout his career. This recording features a blend of some of Mark's best rock transcriptions and arrangements from the Beatles to progressive. Notably, Queen's Love of My Life lends itself beautifully to the guitar with its neo-Romantic style reminiscent of a Schubert art song while Rush's, The Trees, is well developed with contrasting sections and odd meters. Cruz takes the most liberty with the opening U2 track by reinterpreting it as a ballad, incorporating new material and employing chord substitutions with a dash of impressionism..
As a young man, Mark was encouraged by his father to compose for the guitar. His father would also insist "always write it down so that your work will not go to waste". Twenty-five years after hearing his father's words, Mark pays tribute to him in this collection of all-original solo guitar works influenced by Spanish, classical, baroque and tonal twentieth-century music.
Fuzz is a collection of all-original contemporary jazz compositions. Unlike his solo guitar recordings, this CD captures Mark in rare form with his electric guitar performing funk, samba, traditional, ballads and rock influenced jazz. Mark is accompanied by Brian Gorrell on sax and keyboards, Mike Walker on drums, Todd Lawton on bass, Woody Lingle on bass, Victor Rook on bass and Gary Clardy on sax.
Cruz's very first recording was a Christmas collection titled, In the Key of Christmas (1995). Time has given him the luxury of improving his Christmas catalog by expanding on existing interpretations while adding new ones to offer this new definitive solo guitar collection.
Finding his way back home after a long departure from classical music, Mark returns to his nylon stringed instrument and follows his spiritual urge to arrange hymns for solo guitar. All selections are well developed, creative and inspired works.


Vacu-Lug was recently awarded a silver medal in the Yokohama Best Performance Club for its achievements with off-road tyres. This award sees distributor performance measured worldwide – across a number of key areas – with a score being awarded according to performance.
The silver medal was presented to Vacu-Lug Managing Director, Tim Hercock, at the end of October by Thomas Witt, Head of OTR Sales Europe and Tomoya Nakano from the Yokohama Sales and Business Development department, in light of Vacu-Lug's achievements with OTR tyres.


text:
Home Basic Education Kaduna announces resumption date
Kaduna announces resumption date
The Kaduna State Government has announced that schools would resume in the state on 12th September, 2021.
The state Commissioner of Education, Shehu Makarfi disclosed this on Thursday while delivering a speech at a virtual workshop organised by the Education Writers' Association of Nigeria (EWAN).
The workshop is part of activities by the education journalism group to mark the second anniversary of the International Day to Protect Education from Attack themed "Consequences of Violent Attacks on Education in Nigeria".
According to Makarfi, schools would have to skip the third term of the 2020/2021 session which he said they had already been doing online.
Schools in the state had been shut down since July over insecurity fears.
The resumption was for the 2021/2022 school calendar for all basic and post-basic public and private schools in the state.
According to the commissioner, the First Term commences on Sunday 12 September 2021 and ends on Friday 17 December 2021.
The second Term commences 9 January 2022 and ends Friday, 8 April 2022 while the Third Term will be from 1 May 2022 to 5 August 2022.
The state government urged all public and private basic and post-basic schools in the state to comply with the provision of the calendar.
ALSO READ: Akwa Ibom govt fixes resumption date
"National holidays shall be observed as may be directed by the Federal or State Government. If it becomes necessary to make an alteration on the calendar, all concerned shall be notified accordingly," a statement later obtained from the education ministry added.
resumption
Previous articleNYSC asks corps members not to use personal resources to fund development projects
Next articleYobe suspends 5 school principals for absence during commissioner's visit
Oyo schools to resume Jan 10
Lagos schools to resume January 4
OAU announces resumption date, continuation of examination
Kaduna replaces education commissioner in cabinet reshuffle
KASU receives over N10 billion for permanent site
Lagos schools set to resume new academic session


Robert Brookhart, assistant to the Archivist of the United States, died of an embolism Monday at George Washington University Hospital in Washington, where he was under treatment for lung cancer. He was 53 years old and lived in Washington.
Mr. Brookhart, a native of Pocatello, Idaho, was a graduate of Columbia University and served there as associate dean of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences and as associate provost.
In 1976, he was named executive director of the Public Documents Commission, which was established by Congress to deal with the disposition of official papers accumulated by the Presidency.
The following year he joined the Archives, where he served as its external affairs officer.
He is survived by a brother, Ray F. Brookhart Jr. of Carlsbad, Calif., and a sister, Sue Wilson of Concord, Calif.


text:
Japan Champions of Asia 2011
Note : I do not claimed any rights on the above photos. The photos were taken from AFC Website. All the credits and copyrights belong to the respective owners.
Was busy with the final phase of the AFC Asian Cup 2011 last week, supporting our favorite Asian football team - Japan.
I've been watching (on TV) Japan in every AFC Asian Cup tournament since 2000 when they won their 2nd Asian title though I missed the 2007 tournament hosted by 4 South East Asian nations and in which the Japan team was quite disappointing anyway.
Nonetheless, from many years of observation, I've seen big stars like Nakata, Nanami, Nakamura and recently Honda (he won the 2011 MVP Award) but most players in the team of 2011 under Alberto Zaccheroni are kind of unfamiliar faces to me (probably I'm more familiar with Zaccheroni himself) - most of them are young players - which in fact is a good sign for future development i.e. the next World Cup.
The semi-final match against the South Korean is quite though with "old historical rivalry" sentiment tend to appear at the back of each player's mind and though the Koreans manage to survive 90 minutes and extra times, they are all rubbish when in comes to penalty kick.
The final match against the Australians, from my point of view, it seems that the Socceroos were playing a defensive style and hoping for counter attack chances as they defended really deep with the Blue Samurai dictating the possession and trying hard to break the well-organized defense and at the end, super subs Tadanari Lee (didn't know since when Japanese like to use Chinese name such as Lee, and I wonder if they also use Wong, Tan, Lim etc.) scored a splendid volley that fit to win any match and by any standard, to get accurate aim with that kind of shot is never easy - let alone scoring goals with it.... ask Vinnie Jones if you don't believe me.
Frankly speaking, if Japan were to loose that final match, I want to end my collectors and blogging days for good - retired, game over, finished - canceled all my future pre-orders and live quietly in peace... but since Japan won, I shall continue further and support the hobby and toys industries of Japan.
Nonetheless anybody who not happy with the result - you can say what you want and complain all the way but the fact remain, Japan is the winner and this is their 4th title - at the end, the result and the record speaks for itself.
Shewsbury Land would like to congratulate Japan football team, all the players, the manager, the staff and everybody else involved in this 4th Aisan Cup title...
JAPAN CHAMPIONS OF ASIA 2011 - CONGRATULATIONS!!!
white angel 5:59 PM, January 31, 2011
the japanese football team are all kamen riders!!! haha they used clock up!! huhu Omedeto Nippon!!!=)


We understand that all the steps, pieces, and decisions needed to put together a high-quality cable railing system can make the process seem a bit daunting, especially if you don't know where to start. Here at CRD, we work with our customers personally, guiding them through the ordering and assembly processes to ensure the best end product possible. This policy sets us apart from other suppliers, who are typically less involved with their customers. We are available to help you design a railing project, select the best materials, or put it all together like a pro. Just give us a call or send us a sketch!
If you'd rather research cable railing systems yourself, we have a number of useful pages that will aid you in your process. Take a look!
Estimate Request Form – Provide the details of your railing plan, such as top rail height, frame material, and preferred mounting method, and SC&R will offer you a quote for potential costs.
Estimator Tool – Work through each aspect of a CableView railing system and make selections according to your budget.
Forms – Use these worksheets to provide CRD with the details needed to design your railing.
Measuring Tips – Find advice for making the most accurate measurements before cutting cable or ordering professionally swaged cable assemblies.
Hole Drilling Guidelines – Use this form to ensure that holes are drilled large enough to accommodate cables and fittings, yet small enough retain the strength and integrity of the posts.
Assembly Instructions – CRD provides a step-by-step guide to installing each style of framework and completing cable assemblies with every end fitting we offer.
Spec Sheets – These images explain the specifications of our railing systems.
Cable Cleaning Maintenance – This page provides suggested procedures for cleaning and maintaining Marine-Grade Stainless Steel Cables, to help our customers get the most out of their cable infill for as long as possible.
Aluminum – Information on our aluminum products and options.
Stainless Steel Round – Learn more about our round stainless steel posts and top rails.
Stainless Steel Square – Find information about our square stainless steel top rails.
Cable and Fittings – Read about our Marine Grade stainless steel cable and cable end fittings.
Tools & Services – Check out what other tools and services we offer.
Galleries – Browse through completed projects to see our products in action. Also available on our Google+ Page.
Cable Deck Railing Ideas – This page discusses some of the potential applications of cable railing.
Blog – In addition to product information, our blog also focuses on project inspiration, design comparison, and railing application ideas. Have a question or topic in mind that you don't see discussed in our blog? Contact us with your questions and suggestions!
Still have questions? Read our FAQ for answers. You can also send an email to sales@cablerailingdirect.com or call us directly at 1-855-820-8439.
Do Cable Railings Meet Code For Pool Safety?


We specialize in sourcing parts like 52H-1186 for hard-to-find, long lead time, obsolete electronic components and ICs for customers everyday. We are professional 52H-1186 supplier and 52H-1186 distributor with good credit standing in china. Please Email Us to get 52H-1186 price and other information. Buy electronic parts 52H-1186 from Rantle East Electronic - Your Source for Quality Electronic Components in China.