text:
Voyeurs
by Steven Kakowski
Illustration by Karen Chan
"Voyeurs" is an excerpt selected and edited by Kakowski, from his short story "Feral."
I first spotted them on a warm, early spring day while I was eating a sandwich on a veranda of a building in the Financial District. She was wearing an off-white dress that billowed in the wind. She pawed at him and fed him grape tomatoes and wiped olive oil from his chin. He wore a pair of tortoiseshell Ray Bans, three days of stubble, a white polo, and rolled up olive khakis that revealed the tip of a dagger tattoo on his right ankle. His loafers looked comfortable. I took a napkin to my mouth and put on my polarized sunglasses from Walgreens. I'd been in the habit of sketching things that caught my eye at lunch and I opened my small sketch book.
I still couldn't draw people very well, so I kept my sketches to the bench and the trees behind the couple. In the couple's place I drew stick figures. I wrote "doting", "entitled", "predictable", and "pristine" as stand-ins for their limbs. To my right, two girls prattled on about their dating lives. "I just want that," one of them said, presumably about the American dream couple eating their California salads. Then the couple stood and kissed. He stuffed their plastic salad boxes into each other and put his arm around her waist. As they walked away, a pigeon defecated on my sketch book. The girls beside me snickered.
The next day, I returned to the veranda because we were in the middle of one of Northern California's pristine stretches of weather: crisp blue mornings, warm still afternoons, and golden hours that creep beyond sunset. There the couple was again, sitting in the same spot. I chose a different bench and took out my phone and ate another sandwich. She had switched out her dress for jeans that hit at her calf and a pink button-down. He had changed the color of his shirt and pants; the fresh combo accentuated his sinewy physique better than the day before. She rubbed where his bicep and shoulder met and scrolled through her phone. Eventually, she leaned back into his lap and took off her sunglasses and let his torso shade the sun from her face. They both laughed when he squeezed her breasts. I laughed a bit, too, because the fondle was a little flagrant out there on the veranda. I coughed to cover up my laughter.
They rose and repeated their exit rhythm. From my seat, I could see the veranda's stairway and Mission Street. At the bottom of the stairs, he kissed her, then turned left. She went right. Intrigued and bored, I threw my empty Ziploc bag and Diet Coke into a recycling bin and walked down the steps. I went towards the Embarcadero on Mission. Half a block away at First, I watched as she floated northward through the intersection towards Market. I jaywalked to the other side of Mission.
The stoplight turned red. Prevented from crossing First Street, she tapped at her phone, no different than the people surrounding her. I stayed behind, ten feet from her blonde curls and tanning skin. A construction worker leaned into his truck's horn at a man riding a scooter. Most in the crowd turned to watch them yell at each other, but not her. She kept her attention to a bulldog at her feet. Everyone lurched forward when the light changed. She patted the bulldog's head then skipped through the intersection, squeezing her way through the distracted pedestrians. She took a left on First and slowed in front of SoulCycle. She tapped once more at her phone and nodded to herself before continuing on, making a right fifty yards ahead into a beige thirty-story building. On the front door, in small type, I saw a familiar name: PepsiCo.
Back in my office at my computer, I switched my account settings on LinkedIn to private mode and typed "pepsico san francisco" into the search bar. Her photo and name appeared on the first page of the search results: Laura. LinkedIn's facial recognition technology was working, exploiting nature's golden ratio to the benefit of the bottom line. Come work for us! Look at how pretty we are, how pretty you can be!
Laura had graduated cum laude from Miami University in Oxford, Ohio in 2010 with a B.A. in Marketing. She had all sorts of endorsements on her profile: account and portfolio management, supply chain logistics, public relations, public speaking. She had worked for a small PR firm in Boston for two years after college, from which she received glowing recommendations from her ex-colleagues: "Laura's approach to account management is similar to someone with decades more experience," and "Our CEO loved Laura. Our company loved Laura. Our team loved Laura. Our clients loved Laura. I'm sad to see her go, but her impact will have lasting results on our firm and the people she worked with!" After two years getting her feet wet in dreary corporate America, I guessed that she became tired of living in the Nor'easter target that is Boston and made the Western leap to California, just like every other upwardly mobile young professional seemingly did in 2012. But instead of a one-syllable, incubated tech company replacing Newbury West PR, LLC on her resume, it was staid old PepsiCo there, and three consecutive positions delineated by two-year stints in the Investor Relations hierarchy. First was the Associate role, then Senior Associate, followed by a Manager position. She was due for a promotion.
I searched for him next. What type of name would Laura's other half have? I began to audit her 423 LinkedIn connections (access compliments of LinkedIn Premium), made it to the B's, and saw four Brian's with crew cuts and blue collared shirts. Instead of descending further into the corporate hive mind, I turned my attention to monoculture's preferred realms of Facebook and Instagram, where boasting about whom one is sleeping with is expected.
Laura's public Facebook profile was limited to three viewable profile pictures: a shot from a sorority party at Miami U, a picture of her with her arms spread wide on the Charles Bridge with old, brick Boston in the background, and a third from Twin Peaks
in San Francisco, where, again, she stood with her arms spread wide with the expanse of San Francisco and Berkeley behind her. The images provided more context to her LinkedIn persona, but no tagging or indication of a love interest.
Instagram yielded a direct hit on Laura's first post in the top left corner of her feed. There were the unmistakable jawline and Greco-Romanesque chest. I hovered over the image on my desktop; the handle "Visconsity" appeared. I clicked. Justin Visconti. "Leader of men. Follower of people with witty profiles. Trend setter." read his profile, underneath a picture of him winking at a camera and sipping on a cocktail from a pink flamingo pool floatie. He appeared in Laura's photos the previous autumn – apple picking, cider drinking, pumpkin carving, and Halloween costumes.
Back to LinkedIn I went. Justin studied at Yale. A fellow Connecticut resident? Possibly, but his aesthetic was more UCLA. The USC MBA confirmed my California suspicions, though I found it curious he didn't parlay an Ivy League degree into an acceptance letter with a top ten business school. Justin's professional career began in 2007 at a boutique investment firm in Manhattan that no longer had a LinkedIn profile. He matriculated into USC in 2010 at the end of his tenure with Bowery Lights LLC. Details of his position at Bowery were limited, but it's easy to obscure particulars when you can flash a twenty-thousand-dollar smile in an interview. "I took some time for myself before B-school because I really wanted to be able to make an immediate impact on the organization I started working for after my MBA. I think it's easier to do that without having any sort of traveling or life regrets. I also studied meditation."
Justin leveraged his investing background with Bowery Lights and his MBA into a position with a large institutional investor in Newport Beach for a year, then jumped up to San Francisco with the wave of money that flooded into the venture capital world. According to LinkedIn, he'd been an associate with a notable VC fund on Sand Hill Road for the last four years.
Without any additional clues from social media, I relied on my imagination to weave Justin and Laura's origin story.
Working for a VC fund down on Sand Hill Road requires a car, meaning Justin probably lived in the Mission or Noe Valley, where access to 101 and 280 is easy. Given Laura's aesthetic and her Financial District workplace, I pegged her in an apartment in North Beach or the Marina, where most of the women resemble, well, Laura.
At work, people talk about mating constantly. Like most San Francisco-based companies, our workforce is comprised of many younger, aggressive and hungry employees. (We say they "hustle.") Those that are single and under forty party and gossip about who they slept with or are trying to sleep with. The stories are faded out facsimiles of each other; either people meet at a bar or at a house party or they match with someone through an online service. All of the serendipitous encounters that formed the anecdotes of my early years in this city, of coworkers getting spanked
in the alley a block away from the Page or exchanging numbers in the library, feel ancient and revolutionary.
But Justin and Laura were too pretty for digital pairing. And I hated thinking that these modern totems of beauty met when neither could remember the particulars of a conversation lubricated by alcohol.
According to my origin story, they had met in early autumn of 2017 when San Francisco was experiencing a vintage Indian summer. Days stayed warm and windless and people in bathing suits surrounded the Ocean Beach firepits into the late afternoon. Laura had been invited to a party by Anna, a colleague from PepsiCo who had begged her to come in an attempt to snap Laura out of the funk she'd been in since the springtime after another of Laura's failed California relationships. "You'll like my friends," Anna had said. "Cute boys, too." Reluctant to put herself back into the San Francisco dating grinder, she had planned to keep her t-shirt on the whole time, even with the eighty-degree temperatures. Still, she wore a bikini underneath. Just in case.
Laura had walked down Columbus, her legs tight from a morning spin class. The noon lighting cascaded off the buildings downtown and resembled dusk. Laura boarded an N-Judah train at Montgomery Street, forgoing an Uber or Lyft in favor of the undulations of the subways and the outer Sunset. It was a trip she would take often when she had first moved to San Francisco, and one that she missed since ride shares had become her primary mode of transportation. She enjoyed the adobe architecture as the N approached the Pacific and the Sunset's wide streets, the way she could lean her head on the N's windows and feel like a part of the city.
The ocean air held still when she hopped down the N's steps at Judah. The heat, in a surprise, reminded her of Ohio. A line snaked out from the café facing the Great Highway. Wanting caffeine and something cold, Laura waited and tended to her phone and sent a message to Anna asking where on Ocean Beach she was. Laura watched a couple enjoying each other inside the café. She scoffed and sighed and almost left but decided to endure the wait.
Armed with an iced coffee, Laura crossed the Great Highway into the sand. A line of waves rolled at surfers and the shore below where people had congregated in tight packs. She unclasped her sandals and dropped them into her bag. The sand was hot between her toes and on the skin around her calluses. She continued down Ocean Beach's slope toward the water, dodging children kicking soccer balls and dogs chasing frisbees. At the water, with it lapping at her ankles, she clicked into the message from Anna. "We're here," read the message, its red pin marking the coordinates that led to a new group, a new cadre of men ready to take advantage of Laura and her vulnerability.
They sat huddled around a makeshift picnic table topped by plates of hummus and cheeses and fruit and crackers. Coolers flanked the group's rear. Laura had to
interrupt Anna, who was deep in conversation and laughter, with a pinch on the shoulder. "Anna," Laura said. "Laura! You made it!" Anna replied, and leapt up to hug her. Laura found Anna's bare skin and its intimacy comforting. Conversation around the blankets ceased. "This," Anna began to explain, pausing to let the shirtless men take in Laura, "is my fabulous and single coworker Laura."
Laura kicked at the sand and looked away. She adjusted her sunglasses. When her gaze returned to the group, they exclaimed in unison, "Hi, Laura." Save for the man laying back and resting on his elbows. Justin offered a simple wave and half-smile. Laura shook her head, said, "nice to meet everyone," and sipped through the straw of her coffee. "Here, take this. Just as cold. And more fun," Anna said, and handed Laura a beer from one of the coolers.
Justin lit a cigarette and watched Laura while she drank her beer and navigated through the discomfort of meeting a new tribe. He'd been in her position four years prior during his first foray into the social tapestry of this San Francisco clan. Cagey to start, the clan allowed Justin into its fold after their informal vetting. The vetting included several late-night parties to judge "how he handles his shit"; a weekend trip to a ski house on Lake Tahoe owned by one of the tribe's fathers to judge "how he contributes"; and a "last-minute" substitute for the tribe's co-ed soccer team to judge "fidelity" and "athletic prowess." Justin passed the tests and had his California social safety net. The clan, of course, alluded to their threshold for excommunication: incest. They documented the disasters of previous clan members who'd attempted sleeping with and dating each other, always making sure to emphasize the outcasts' names with an eye roll or a disappointed head nod. Justin would have slept with several of them, too, maybe would have made a long-term play, but he didn't want to jeopardize the comfort in always having someone to hang out with.
The women in the tribe thought about breaking their own rule often. And alcohol did play a part in one late-night cigarette that may have led to a kiss and oral sex on a rooftop. But Justin woke up so anxious of his still-tenuous membership that he and his guilty counterpart agreed to shift the "may have" to "never happened" in their group's folklore.
Despite the familial feel of his San Francisco friends, Justin introduced the women he'd date only when he'd made a monogamous commitment to them. It had also been six months since his last relationship fizzled, leaving Justin with – according to one of the elder clan members – "half a broken heart".
If they were to have guessed, everyone on Ocean Beach that day knew what would transpire between this lithe, available blonde named Laura and the tribe's unofficial brother and one-day-in-the-near-future VC partner Justin.
A walk along the beach later at dusk. Fireworks in an apartment after the alcohol had done its most impactful work. Long-term partners.
Two minutes after Justin handed Laura her second beer, she took off her t-shirt, exposing her shoulders, back, chest, belly and navel, and the rest played out exactly how the tribe envisioned it.
Laura spent the night at Justin's three times during their first week together, not including the Saturday they met and the following Sunday evening. Justin's apartment was an easy choice because of his commute down the 101 and 280 gauntlets to Sand Hill Road. The Marina posed too many logistical issues for an overnight stay, the primary one being Laura's two roommates in her first floor flat. Thin walls and one bathroom being what they are, Justin drove home at midnight on Wednesday that week in a hypnotized state of satisfaction. It was a state he couldn't remember ever feeling so acutely. He fell asleep as soon as he laid down in his bed. In the morning, he had two messages from Laura: "My roommates said: 'sounded like you had a fun night'." And "."
He found her waiting for him on his front stoop when he returned from work. "I'd like to stay the night again," she said, bag already in hand. She had a trip to the vineyards in wine country planned with her friends for the weekend and wanted to get as much time with Justin as possible before the terror of only being able to think about him for two full days.
Met with several tricky situations on Friday and Saturday night, Justin weighed his possible emotional responses to a night with a new woman that wasn't Laura. The women that propositioned him in the din of the Mission's taverns and dive bars were certainly appealing. But in his newfound lucidity, he said thanks but no thanks, and woke up Saturday and Sunday morning with a palpable sense of relief, like he'd just woken from a terrible dream to realize that this was reality, that he didn't, for once, sleep with something that threw itself at him.
And their trajectory was set. The final barrier to Laura fully retreating from her bachelorette Marina lifestyle to live in Justin's sleek one-bedroom loft was a trip to Europe together. They wanted to make sure they traveled like they shared a bed. They wanted to understand how they faced real living situations and having to shit at inconvenient times. They wanted to see how they communicated with people (and each other) in a non-native language. They wanted to not have the option of an Uber ride from the Mission to the Marina when it was obvious that both needed a breather.
This is as plausible a retelling of Justin and Laura's courtship as any. Their story culled from the images they offered up, free of charge, complete with the psychological profiles and stains of lives lived for us all to see. ♦
Steven Kakowski, a regular contributor to the magazine, currently writes for Carta in San Francisco. He frequents the coffee shops along Columbus Street in North Beach, but he'll only sit at certain tables because he's paranoid that somebody's going to sneak up on him.


Across search engines and/or Pinterest, what is the first thing you notice about the search results? What compels you to pick a particular blog post? Is it the image and its styling? Is it the author/website's name? Is it the headline or title?
You query the search engine for specific information. By default, the search engine result pages (SERP) display the most relevant results for your search query. That means within each page, it now comes down to the competition among all the listings. Now, you will either default to viewing the results top-down, i.e. in the order the search engine displays the results or you will pick the result that aligns closest with your requirements the most. This alignment comes from nothing but the title and the meta description.
If your title and description aren't engaging, then the chances of anyone clicking through to your post are remote. Consequently, all the time you toiled over creating the awesome content for your blog will be a waste.
So what can you do to make your post title compelling enough to guarantee a click-through?
Now, let's learn about the tips and apply it to the chosen headline.
If there is only one thing you can take away from this post, it's this: everything you do, it's for your readers. For your title to resonate with your readers, they need to see the benefit they will derive from your post. Instead of writing a headline that focuses on your achievements or failures, make it about the reader: what can they learn from your success and failures.
The ultimate goal of your blog is to provide solutions to your readers. Make those solutions the hero of your post.
Depending on your niche and style of writing, it may not always be possible to write an emotional headline for your post. But you can surely explore the possibilities while crafting your social media (including Pinterest) graphics.
Power words are a derivative of emotion-driven words but focus on higher emotions—both positive and negative. Examples include fear, elation, curiosity, suffering, guarantee, etc.
This is a great way to introduce a sense of urgency and performance in your readers. Using action verbs encourage your readers to…take action. Ensure the verbs you include in your title are positive because your aim is to play a facilitator who will take your readers on an upward journey.
"How to…" articles are one of the most popular types of articles. That's because 99% of the time, your readers search for ideas on doing something. Using numbers in your titles sets reader expectations even before they click through to your post.
Remember, the aforementioned tips are not a complete sequence. You can use these alone or in any combination, as your post and niche demand.
It's a fact that out of 10 comments if 9 are positive and 1 is negative, that 1 negative comment will affect us more.
Most blog writing is meant to be informal and conversational. But thanks to the writing lessons we all received in school, it's difficult to break away from that (guilty as charged!). Formal writing is devoid of emotions and therefore, goes against the aforementioned tip to include emotion-driven words.
One way you can check for formal language is by reading it aloud. If it flows well and elicits the emotions you want to associate with the headline, you are good to go. If not, rework the headline.
Wouldn't it be cool if you had someone review your headlines for effectiveness? Luckily, there are plenty of headline analyzer tools available in the market. These tools measure your headline against parameters we discussed earlier. Based on their calculation, these tools give an effectiveness score to your headline.
A tip I discussed in my How to Grab Your Reader's Attention post is, to begin with several headlines (say 8-10) and shortlist them (4-5) based on the tips discussed earlier as well as the effectiveness score.
Once your headline catches your readers' eyes, many are likely to read the description below the title. Use this area to convey the specific objective of your post. Begin with a problem statement, then tell them how your post is going to help them address that problem. This is your second but last chance to convince someone to click-through to your post.
Have you been implementing all these tips in creating your blog titles? If not, go ahead and try implementing them.
Remember you can apply these tips not only to your blog posts, but also to your emails, landing/sales pages, forms, products, and images.
Great reading this post it gave me things to work on.
These are great tips. I need to keep these in mind when writing future blog posts. Thank you for sharing.
I know that the headline is something I'm always struggling to perfect. This post is very informative and a great perspective to again on what a headline should be like to appeal to others.
OMG! Love this post and the timing is perfect! I am at a stage where I need to start fine tuning things and working my titles is one of them! Great post and I have bookmarked your website to come back to again! See you again soon!!
As a relatively new blogger (one year in December), this helps me immensely! Thanks for sharing such valuable information for those of us that are still finding our way in the world of blogging!
Great stuff here! A lot of tips that I can definitely put into action. Thank you for sharing with us!
Thanks for the great ideas. I'm going to start utilizing some of these when I can.
I keep hearing about using emotion and power words but didn't really understand the meaning. Thank you for sharing these examples. It was super helpful.
Some great info here! A lot of things I had never thought about. Thanks for sharing.
Great ideas! I have been looking for info on this for awhile. I am always curious how people come up with headlines. Thanks for sharing!
Your blog post, How to Write a Compelling Blog Headline That Guarantees Clickthroughs, gave me some great info to think about the next time I write a headline.
Great tips! I'll have to try these out next time I need a headline, thanks!
Compelling blog headlines are so important. I have posts where I had to go back and make better headlines and it proved that headlines are the hook!
Great tips! I'm working hard to have better titles.
I love these tips especially the explanation on meta description. I was never quite sure what to put in there before. Thank you!


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Kościół Świętych Apostołów Filipa i Jakuba w Żorach – rzymskokatolicki kościół parafialny parafii Świętych Apostołów Filipa i Jakuba. Znajduje się na śródmieściu tuż przy rynku. To tzw. kościół farny – najstarszy w mieście.

Historia

Początki pierwszego w Żorach kościoła nie są znane, jednakże przekazana tradycja mówi, że wieś żorska posiadała parafialny kościół. Fakt ten potwierdza historyczną dokumentacją z XII wieku. Papież Celestyn III mocą wydanej bulli w Lateranie dnia 9 kwietnia 1193 roku, biorąc pod opiekę klasztor Kanoników Regularnych na Piasku, we Wrocławiu, zatwierdza w jego uposażeniu wieś w Żarach (jak przez wieki było nazywane miasto, także występujące pod słowiańską nazwą "Żale") z kościołem w łacińskim zapisie "Villam in zarist cum ecelesia". Identyfikując kościół w Żalach z kościołem w Żarach możemy wnioskować, że mógł on powstać w pierwszych latach chrześcijaństwa Polski Bolesławowskiej. Pierwsze kościoły w Polsce, powstały bowiem w miejscach dawnych kultów pogańskich. Mówi o tym dokument Henryka Brodatego z 1175 r. dotyczący właściciela żarskiego folwarku magnata śląskiego Mikory. Istniejąca tam wzmianka mówi iż ów… "wyposażył kościół fundacji Piotra Własta ziemią, 25 końmi, 6 wołami i 30 świniami". Kościół usytuowany był w południowym łuku murów obronnych (zbudowany tak jak one z cegły) w pobliżu ówczesnej Bramy Krakowskiej (dzisiejsze okolice Dolnego przedmieścia). Nad kościołem wznosiła się wieżyczka z jednym dzwonem. Przylegały do niego zakrystia i cmentarz. Istnieją przypuszczenia, że z dokumentu dotyczącego zakonu sióstr norbertanek w Rybniku z 25 maja 1223, gdzie wymienia się "ecclesia de Sale", czyli kościół w miejscowości "Sale", iż może chodzić o kościół żorski. Są co do tego jednak wątpliwości, gdyż "Sale" może być także Solcą (osada na obecnym obszarze dzielnicy Doły w mieście Karwina).

Parafialny kościół w obecnym miejscu powstał w XIII wieku. Dowodem na to są zachowane w jego murach wątki wendyjskiego układu cegieł, wskazują na to, że budowa kościoła przebiegała równocześnie z fortyfikacyjnymi robotami miasta. Także wezwanie św. Filipa i Jakuba jest szczególną dokumentacją jego narodzin. Fundację kościoła odnosi się do Piastów śląskich, księcia opolsko-raciborskiego Władysława i jego następcy księcia raciborskiego Przemysława. Zlokalizowano go orientacyjnie pośrodku północnej owalnicy miasta. Jego położenie obok obronnych murów, oraz monumentalny gotycki kształt budowli sprawiły, że współdziałał przy obronie miasta w latach 1345, 1433 i 1473.

W swych dziejach kościół był w rękach ewangelików, katolicy gromadzili się wtedy w małej drewnianej świątyni pod wezwaniem Wniebowzięcia Najświętszej Marii Panny. Trwało to od 1569 roku aż do 1629 roku, kiedy to kościół został oddany katolikom. Wiemy, że ówczesny kościół posiadał trzy dzwony, 2 na wieży i 1 nad kościołem. W 1658 roku zakupiono kolejny wielki dzwon "Filip i Jakub".

Kościół ten był niszczony przez liczne pożary. Pierwszy większy był w 1583 roku. W czasie drugiego pożaru z 17 maja 1661 runęły sklepienia kościoła, spłonęły ołtarze, kościół uległ dużym zniszczeniom. Całe miasto zostało w większości spalone. Podjęte dzieło odbudowy ukończono w 1673 roku. W porównaniu z poprzednią budowlą wprowadzono tak wiele zmian, że pod koniec XVII wieku nazwano go - "nowy". Pożary nawiedzały Żory jeszcze kilkakrotnie. W 1807 roku pożar zniszczył całkowicie kościół Wniebowzięcia NMP który nie został już odbudowany. Był on wówczas kościołem parafialnym, w związku z czym prawa parafialne połączono z kościołem świętych Filipa i Jakuba. Największe zniszczenia kościoła przyniosły nie charakterystyczne dla Żor i trwające przez wieki pożary, ale II wojna światowa. Z końcem tej wojny Żory były jednym z najbardziej zniszczonych miast w Polsce. Zniknęło prawie 80% zabudowy. Niemcy opuszczając miasto wysadzili filary kościoła doprowadzając tę starą gotycką świątynię do całkowitej ruiny. 5 maja 1946 r. biskup Stanisław Adamski wizytował zniszczony kościół. Jego odbudowa nastąpiła w latach 1946-1948, a poświęcony został ponownie 4 czerwca 1950 r. Pierwsza Msza św. w nowo odbudowanym kościele odbyła się w odpust parafialny ku czci Matki Bożej Różańcowej, w październiku 1950 roku. Następnie w 1962 roku bp. Juliusz Bieniek dokonał konsekracji nowego ołtarza i rekonsekracji kościoła. Parafia otrzymała wówczas relikwie świętych Apostołów Filipa i Jakuba.

Architektura
Odbudowany budynek kościoła ma 26,05 m długości, 13,8 m szerokości, i wysokości 12,5 m. Posiada od strony północnej 9 ostrołukowych okien, od strony południowej 8, na zachodniej ścianie jedno okno. Chór ma 17,5 metra długości, 8 metrów szerokości i 12 metrów wysokości. Budynek ma 3 nawy równej wysokości, których sklepienie krzyżowo-żebrowe, rozpostarte jest również nad częścią prezbiterialną. Podpiera je sześć ośmiokątnych filarów o bazie sprowadzonej do prostej płyty o podstawie czworokątnej. Do ściany zachodniej przylega wbudowana 54 metrowa wieża. Jest ona czterokondygnacyjna, oszkarpowana na narożnikach a trzecia jej kondygnacja zmodyfikowana została do formy ośmiobocznej zamkniętej barokowym hełmem z krzyżem. Świątynia jest orientowana, zbudowana z cegły – układ wendyjski – i kamienia.

Na ścianie południowej znajduje się kaplica Matki Bożej Miłosierdzia (Żorskiej) ufundowana przez burmistrza Zygmunta Wacława Linka w 1670 roku. Jest to rotunda nakryta kopułą na której ścianach znajdują się epitafia fundatora i jego żony Justyny. Niegdyś wewnątrz znajdował się ołtarz z obrazem Matki Bożej Żorskiej. Później kaplica stała się pomnikiem 1000-lecia chrztu, a obecnie jest miejscem całodniowej adoracji Najświętszego Sakramentu. W kwietniu 2012 roku w miejsce starej ocynkowanej blachy na dachu kaplicy położono nową miedzianą.

Do kościoła dobudowano prostokątną zakrystię i sześcioboczną kaplicę, według projektu Feliksa Kanclerza. Likwidacji uległo apsydalne zakończenie kościoła, oraz frontowe przedsionki. Do kościoła prowadza teraz trzy wejścia. Główne wejście wyznacza ostrołukowy portal frontowy, drugie wejście to też profilowany portal ostrołukowy umieszczony pośrodku południowej nawy. Trzecie wejście prowadzi do prezbiterium.

Wnętrze kościoła

Wnętrze kościoła, po zniszczeniach wojennych, odbudowano, według projektu profesora Zbigniewa Wzorka z Krakowa. Jego dziełem są trzy ołtarze i ambona z symbolami 4 ewangelistów. Główny ołtarz jest w trójkondygnacyjnej nastawie, umieszczony na ścianie apsydy prezbiterium. Ceramiczna płaskorzeźba pierwszej kondygnacji przedstawia ukoronowanie Matki Bożej, drugiej - świętych tysiąclecia, a trzeciej - kościół walczący. Nad głównym ołtarzem w zwieńczeniu symbol Trójcy Świętej, a pod nią figury patronów św. Apostołów Filipa i Jakuba. Na tle ołtarza umieszczony jest pochodzący z 1690 r. obraz Matki Bożej Miłosierdzia z dzieciątkiem Jezus. Niegdyś obraz znajdował się w kaplicy Linków, ale po II wojnie światowej przeniesiono go do ołtarza głównego. Z głównym ołtarzem harmonizują dwa ołtarze boczne marmurowe z figurami z drewna lipowego. Ołtarz Świętej Rodziny usytuowany jest po lewej stronie, natomiast po prawej stoją obok siebie św. Barbara, bł. Jadwiga i św. Katarzyna. Rzeźby i płaskorzeźby wykonała artystka rzeźbiarz Reichert- Tołthowa.

Pod chórem na bocznej ścianie czworokątnego filaru widnieje figura św. Antoniego Padewskiego, na północnej ścianie widnieje zabytkowy krzyż z XVII wieku oraz tablica poświęcona ks. Klimkowi. Nowe stacje drogi krzyżowej w formie płaskorzeźb, wykonanych przez W. Brandtstetera, umieszczone są we wnękach. Witraże projektu artysty plastyka Łukasza Karnowskiego przedstawiają treści tajemnic różańca świętego. W tyle kościoła znajduje się chór z organami wykonanymi w 1969 roku przez zakład budowy organów w Rybniku. Posadzka kościoła została wyłożona marmurowymi płytkami ułożonymi we wzór szachownicy, a ławki i konfesjonały wykonano z dębowego drewna.

W inwentarzu kościoła znajdują się cenne zabytki ruchome: pochodzące z XV i XVII wieku krzyże, monstrancje, kielichy, obrazy, rzeźby – stanowiące cenną pozostałość po dawnym wyposażeniu kościoła.

Dzwony kościoła
W czasie II wojny światowej dzwony kościoła farnego zrabowali hitlerowcy i przetopili je na działa i amunicję. Stąd też dopiero w 1948 r. obok wieży zainstalowano małą sygnaturkę, która dzwoniła na podniesienie. Po 10 latach proboszcz ks. Adam Bieżanowski zamówił dzwony w ludwisarni w Dąbrowie Górniczej. Żorscy parafianie zebrali na ten cel 5 wagonów złomu o wartości 80 tys. zł. Na przetop do ludwisarni trafiły stare garnki, piecyki żeleźniaki, a także zebrane na terenie Żor pozostałości po pociskach z okresu wojny. Odlano wówczas dzwony noszące nazwy: "Św. św. Filipa i Jakuba" (waga 1,6 t, średnica 1,4 m), "Matki Bożej" (waga 900 kg, średnica 1,1 m), "św. Józefa" (waga 620 kg, średnica 1,05 m) i "św. Barbary" (waga 490 kg, średnica 95 cm). Nowe dzwony po raz pierwszy uruchomiono 11 maja 1959 r. w dniu Święta Ogniowego połączonego z odpustem. W 2008 r. wymieniono 3 z 4 dzwonów, poza największym dzwonem "Św.św. Filipa i Jakuba". Zamówienie zrealizowała ludwisarnia Perner Passau w niemieckiej Pasawie.

Przypisy

Bibliografia

Architektura gotyku w województwie śląskim
Kościoły w archidiecezji katowickiej
Świątynie pod wezwaniem św. Filipa Apostoła
Świątynie pod wezwaniem św. Jakuba Mniejszego Apostoła
Zabytkowe kościoły w Żorach

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Home Translate AddThisShare A A A
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The Free Management Library can be freely used for your own personal, professional and organizational development (including for-profit and nonprofit organizations). To learn more about the purpose, the information, some history and the developer of the Library, see About the Free Management Library. Here are some tips to get the most out of using the Library.
People use the Library, primarily for three purposes:
To get to know it as a general purpose resource they can use over time.
To find a type of resource to solve a current problem, achieve a goal or meet an interest.
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You might be from a for-profit or nonprofit organization that you want to improve. Each type has some unique terms used for concepts that actually are in common between both types of organizations. See Free Management Library Includes Materials for For-Profit and Nonprofit Organizations.
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A translation utility is available in the upper left-hand corner of each page in the Library and near the upper left-hand corner in each blog. It translates into almost 60 languages, using the Translate link, which, in turn, uses the Google translator engine. As with any automated translator, there are often miss-translations. While not as accurate and reliable as a human translator, the automated utility does provide value to users of other languages.
On the home page, notice:
The six sections of information and the various categories of information in each.
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On the left side of all pages, notice:
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
require 'postcode_software/response'
require 'cgi'
require 'open-uri'

# Provides postcode look up service for postcodesoftware.net
#
#   PostcodeSoftware.account  = 'myaccount'
#   PostcodeSoftware.password = 'mypassword'
#   response = PostcodeSoftware.look_up('LS18 4AB')
module PostcodeSoftware

  class << self
    # Account for the service
    attr_accessor :account
    # Password for the service
    attr_accessor :password
  end

  @account  = 'test'
  @password = 'test'

  # Looks up the given +postcode+ and returns found addresses in a
  # <tt>PostcodeSoftware::Response</tt>.
  def self.look_up(postcode)
    Response.new(URI.open(sdk_url(postcode)))
  end

  # Returns the web SDK URL for the given postcode.
  def self.sdk_url(postcode)
    [
      'http://ws1.postcodesoftware.co.uk/lookup.asmx/getAddress?account=',
      CGI::escape(account.to_s),
      '&password=',
      CGI::escape(password),
      '&postcode=',
      CGI.escape(postcode)
    ].join
  end
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


The window for delivering critical clotbusting drugs after a stroke is slightly bigger than was thought, updated guidelines for stroke care suggest.
The revised best practice recommendations say the drugs, which can prevent or minimize the damage from a stroke, can be given within 4.5 hours of a stroke. Previous guidelines suggested the drugs had to be administered within three hours to be effective.
The larger window may mean more people who have strokes get care, a welcome development if it occurs.
It's estimated that less than a third of people who have had a stroke get drugs that can break up the blood clots clogging an artery and cutting off blood supply to a part of the brain.
If untreated within the optimal window, that damage becomes permanent and can lead to speech and motor difficulties and cognitive impairments.
It's why those who work in stroke medicine use the adage "time is brain."


This directory of certified trainers serves as the primary verification source of credentials for The Genius of Flexibility Certified Trainers also called RFST Certified Trainers. It is the responsibility of an employer to confirm with sufficient identifiers that an individual, whose credentials are being reviewed, is the same person reported in the directory. Employers and others concerned about accurate current Genius of Flexibility training certification status should confirm that all documents and information presented by an individual are accurate to secure or maintain employment or to verify certification status.
An individual who: (1) has successfully passed the physical flexibility and assisting RFST exams, GPT exam, professional and Olympic athlete exam, and mastery exam, and (2) is in compliance with continuing competency and/or annual CEC course completion and renewal fee requirements.
Certified Interns that have not yet completed the current year CEC course.
A registrant who is no longer actively working in the field, but wishes to maintain an association with The Genius of Flexibility Center and Bob Cooley. A request for retired status must be made in writing. Retired status is permanent. Retesting is required to regain active registrant status.


The Academic Practice and Technology (APT) Conference: Employer Engagement in a Digital Age is our tenth annual e-learning and technology conference at the University of Greenwich. It provides an opportunity to debate and explore the issues surrounding employer engagement with higher education in a changing and evolving digital world. The conference, which is sponsored by the Higher Education Academy, will be a forum where policy, practice and strategic developments can be explored, discussed and shared by practitioners and researchers in a vibrant and lively atmosphere.


Honored to have my poster from the Hello Poster Show included in this book alongside some amazing designer/illustrator friend's work.
POSTERS FOR CHANGE. Tear, Paste, Protest: 50 Removable Posters published by Princeton Architectural Press.
Fun fact, I based the illustration from a photo of my daughter.


If you usually use Fastlane tools to automate the most common development tasks now you can start using our Fastlane Plugin to easily deploy new iOS and Android versions of your Apps to Applivery and close your development the cycle: Build, Test & deploy like a pro!
Do you want to start using Fastlane with Applivery? First of all, you need to install Fastlane in your system in case you don't have it yet. To do so, please follow this simple guide.
desc "Generate a new build and upload it to Applivery.com"
You can always read more about the Applivery Fastlane plugin in our GitHub repository.
Now there are no excuses! It couldn't be more easy! Now you can focus all your efforts on the development and forget the rest!
Start building and deploying your Apps like a pro!


Buy a premium 5 Stage Water Filter (with Reserve Osmosis) for just $490 plus delivery.
We are an Australian business that cares about what people put into their bodies and that means clean filtered water.
Which is the best water filter for me?
What is an Undersink Water Filter ?
Why Filter Water in Australia?


text:
Christian Telegraph
Pope Francis prays for migrants killed in airstrike in Libya
Pope Francis prayed Sunday for the victims of the airstrike that hit a migrant detention center in Libya, and called upon the international community to condemn the violence.
"I invite you to pray for the poor defenseless people killed or wounded by the airstrike," Pope Francis said in his Angelus address July 7.
"The international community cannot tolerate such serious facts," the pope said.
At least 53 people died and more than 130 others were injured in the attack July 3 on the Tajoura refugee camp and detention center east of Tripoli.
"I pray for the victims: the God of peace welcomes the dead to himself and supports the wounded," Francis said.
There are an estimated 3,300 people held in migrant detention centers around Tripoli, where armed conflict has been ongoing since the Libyan National Army led by Gen. Khalifa Haftar launched an attack on the Libyan capital in April.
"I hope that the humanitarian corridors for the most needy migrants will be organized in a concerted and extended way," the pope said.
The United Nations Security Council called for a cease-fire in Tripoli on July 5 following the deadly attack. Others have been calling upon the Libyan government to close their migrant detention centers.
On July 8, Pope Francis will celebrate a Mass for refugees and migrants in St. Peter's Basilica. The Mass marks the sixth anniversary of the pope's trip to Lampedusa, an island that serves as the first destination for many African migrants en route to Europe.
In his Angelus address, Pope Francis also prayed for victims of violence in Afghanistan, Mali, Burkina Faso and Niger.
"Our prayer should not be limited only to our needs and our necessities: a prayer is truly Christian if it also has a universal dimension," the pope said.
"Each of us, here in the piazza, can think of the name they received on their baptism day, the name is 'written in heaven,' in the heart of God the Father," Pope Francis said. "It is the joy of this gift that makes every disciple a missionary, one who walks in the company of the Lord Jesus, who learns from Him to spend himself without reserve for others."
CNA, catholicnewsagency.com
Anna Grebeniuk
Religious freedom defender missing on Cuba
Christian women and children suffering jail nightmare in Sudan helped by Barnabas-aided prison ministry
New Protest in Sudan Marks 40 Days Since Military Crackdown
WCC general secretary reflects on renewed bonds with IJCIC
22 states call on China to end arbitrary detention of ethnic minorities in Xinjiang
ISIS Claims Car Bomb Detonated Outside Church in Northeast Syria
A Cuban religious freedom defender was arbitrarily detained at noon on Friday 12 July and has since been held incommunicado.
Barnabas is helping fund a prison ministry in Sudan to aid Christian women who have been jailed, often with their children, for...
07/14/2019 Sudan (International Christian Concern) –It has been 40 days since the military council ordered the military to stop protests going on in Khartoum,...
© Christian Telegraph | All Rights Reserved
Christian women and children suffering jail nightmare in Sudan helped by...


A century ago, visionary New Yorkers dared to do the seemingly impossible, building an underground rail network that would stretch over 800 miles. Their determination created one of the world's largest subway systems, turning our city into an economic dynamo. New York would not be what it is today without the subway.
What New York is today, though, is not what it will be going forward. In fact, the Regional Plan Association estimates that, by 2040, the region will add 2 million jobs and 4 million people. To remain competitive, our transportation infrastructure must keep pace.
Alarmingly, the opposite has occurred. As we have thrived, our transportation network has struggled. Subway delays? Way up. Congestion? Manhattan streets now have the slowest travel speeds in recorded history. Buses? Their tortoiselike pace has led to steep ridership declines.
A big problem is the sheer scale. Take the MTA. It is massively complex, with more employees than the federal Department of Transportation and a budget larger than those of 18 states.
To its credit, it daily moves more riders than the population of L.A. Moreover, its efforts after crises, from 9/11 to Hurricane Sandy, have been heroic.
But the MTA groans under layers of bureaucracy, duplicative processes and costly and inefficient work rules, all of which have failed to keep up with changing times.
As a result, the MTA has a woeful record when it comes to capital projects. In undertaking routine maintenance, it regularly employs Band-Aid solutions, holding things together, but only temporarily.
Meanwhile, in undertaking expansions, the MTA often experiences massive delays and billions in overruns. Things are so bad that, this summer, as the subways were in free fall, Gov. Cuomo had to issue an executive order to allow the MTA to get around its own Byzantine rules.
New York City is the world's capital because of its talent base. To maintain its status, we require a transportation network that meets that talent's needs. With respect to the subways, this means redefining success from well-managed decline to a top-to-bottom reconstruction, including new tracks and signals; refurbished, wheelchair-accessible stations; and real plans for meaningful expansion.
This, of course, requires money. For this, we need comprehensive solutions such as the Move NY congestion pricing proposal, together with other dedicated revenues, including ride-sharing and taxi fees and peak-hour delivery truck tolls, which would raise more than a billion dollars a year while reducing congestion.
But it will be next to impossible to persuade a skeptical public to pay for this ambitious goal if we stick to business as usual.
Instead, while the MTA focuses on stabilizing the system and day-to-day operations, we should consider creating something entirely new to take on rebuilding: a Subway Development Corp.
This corporation would be a quasi-governmental entity, purpose-built to achieve its mission. While such an agency would report to elected officials, it would operate without the shackles now placed on government agencies.
First, it would be laser-focused on one goal — providing New York with a world-class, 21st-century subway system. That would free it from having multiple, competing priorities as the MTA now has.
Second, it would serve one master, who would be held accountable. Given the tools that the state alone has, the most logical "master" would be the governor.
Third, it would have professional management that could hire and fire based on performance, with the freedom to operate without the handicap of the archaic work rules, procurement processes and approval bottlenecks that hamstring the MTA.
An end-to-end remake of our subway system seems complicated. But we can do it, if we come to our senses now. As our forebears did before us, it is time again to make the impossible, possible.
Rechler, an MTA board member, is chairman of the Regional Plan Association and CEO of RXR Realty.


text:
The Playgroup for Learning Team has been awarded the Vice-Chancellor's Staff Award for Excellence in Research and Research Partnership for their work on understanding the benefits of playgroup participation among young children, now and in later life.
This team, which conducts research in the Early Childhood Futures program at ACU's Institute for Learning Sciences and Teacher Education, comprises Senior Lecturer Dr Karen McLean, Research Program Director Professor Susan Edwards, Jacinta Bartlett, Sam Carroll and Dr Timothy Katiba, and HDR students Melanie Thomas and Celine Chu.
Early learning and the participation of children and families in playgroups is the focus of the team's work. Their research studies the fair and equitable access to playgroups in early years education provision, enabling learning for all and enhancing learning outcomes in early childhood.
The research began in 2012 when Karen, who had just finished her PhD through ACU, began working with a consortium in Ballarat involving Playgroup Victoria, education groups and local government.
"We were looking at playgroups in schools in terms of building community connections in early childhood, and strengthening that connection between schools, the community and families to support that process," says Karen.
The project attracted philanthropic funding and won a state award for improving access to early childhood services. This initial research led to two subsequent projects, and the Playgroup for Learning Team has worked closely with Playgroup Victoria since.
"From those humble roots, it's been about building that evidence base," says Karen. "In 2012, there wasn't a lot known about the outcomes of playgroup participation. Playgroups have started to attract a lot of interest in the research area in recent years, particularly internationally, and we now know a lot more about early childhood in terms of the children's later trajectories and life outcomes.
"We were one of the first groups to be researching in that space, and over time we've emerged as leaders in that field because we've spent nine years building those relationships."
Projects and progress
The Playgroups for Learning Team is progressing its research through two main projects at present.
Karen holds an Australian Research Council (ARC) Discovery Early Career Researcher Award to look at how caregivers involved in community playgroups use social media to self-organise, support each other, and build their own knowledge about play.
"The impetus for that research came from a project we did in 2016, looking at the role of the playgroup coordinator to promote participation and advocate for playgroups," she says.
"We saw what parents were communicating with each other on social media platforms like Facebook, and we saw the under-realised potential of social media use to be part of that support."
The team is also working on an ARC Linkage Project, with Playgroup Victoria as an industry partner, looking at the development of a best practice framework for playgroups in schools.
"This project uses social capital theory and looks at bonding relationships, which are the relationships families have within playgroups that build their knowledge and support, and bridging relationships, those between families and professionals in schools," explains Karen.
"It looks at what contributes to high bonding, high bridging relationships. Playgroup Victoria will then use that primary output in playgroups in schools."
Susan and Karen are also co-chairing a national advisory group to develop a playgroup declaration. It's the first time that peak stakeholders and organisations working with playgroups have come together to build the shared understanding required to progress the field.
"That will allow us to understand what is the value of playgroups for children and their families, what's the evidence base, where are the gaps, and what we need to focus on in the future to build the evidence so we contribute in a very powerful way to learning outcomes for children," Karen says.
"It will have a very clear benefit to the community at a national level, and eventually we're working to the international level."
A winning approach
This isn't the first time the Playgroups for Learning Team has won a Vice-Chancellor's Staff Award – they first won a Community Engagement award in 2012 for their work in Ballarat. But this year's announcement was received with great delight by the Victoria-based team, who last met in person back in March.
"It was an absolute honour; we were giving each other big Zoom hugs," says Karen. "And I think part of that is because we've been so passionate. We love the fieldwork, we love the connection, and we know we're making the difference. It's lovely to work with a team that shares that passion."
The team would like to acknowledge their mutually beneficial industry partnerships with Playgroup Victoria and Playgroup Australia.
Professor Susan Edwards
Dr Karen McLean
Dr Timothy Katiba
Sam Carrol
Melanie Thomas
Jacinta Bartlett
Celine Chu


This no-cook dipping sauce features ponzu, the citrus- and soy-spiked Japanese sauce, that's enlivened with ginger, scallions, and sesame oil. It's reminiscent of teriyaki, but substantially more complex. Try it with dumplings, simply cooked chicken, or steamed or roasted fish.
In a small bowl, combine ponzu, scallions, ginger, mirin, sesame oil, and salt. Serve.


text:
Incompas Sues to Reinstate Net Neutrality
News Analysis Carol Wilson, Editor-at-large 4/24/2018
Incompas, the industry association best known for representing competitive carriers, has filed suit in the U.S. Federal Court of Appeals challenging the FCC's rollback of net neutrality rules.
The lawsuit, filed on Monday, claims the recent Federal Communications Commission (FCC) 's Restoring Internet Freedom Order goes against "years of FCC and judicial precedent and were twice upheld by the D.C. Circuit," according to an Incompas press release, issued this morning.
The Incompas lawsuit is the latest salvo in the ongoing legal battle over net neutrality that has been waged in Washington for almost 20 years now. It comes on the day net neutrality rules effectively came to an end, 60 days after the formal publication of the repeal order. Some parts of the ruling still require a procedural vote by the Office of Management and Budget, but for all intents and purposes, the restrictions on blocking or slowing content, or implementing paid prioritization expired yesterday.
Incompas CEO Chip Pickering
Also in the works are state efforts to implement net neutrality and possible, though unlikely, Congressional action to reinstate some version of the rules. (See New Net Laws & the ISP Shame Game and Net Neutrality: States' Rights vs. the FCC and Can Congress Crack Net Neutrality? No Way!.)
Incompas filed its petition in the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia, on behalf of its members, which include competitive carriers but also Internet giants such as Google and Twitter and streaming video companies as well.
The petition, which can be read in its entirety here, claims the latest FCC move "departed from every previous network neutrality order in addition to longstanding bipartisan FCC policy that the FCC has jurisdiction to ensure that American consumers have access to an open internet and by abandoning bright line rules protecting internet openness."
Incompas says the FCC also deviated from its prior findings that broadband ISPs have both a financial incentive and the ability to block or degrade content that competes with their own offerings, as well as engage in other behaviors that harm consumers. Moreover, it is accusing the FCC of "hiding" evidence from its own previous merger investigations by failing to include those findings in its docket, possibly preventing court review of that information.
"Critical merger information was blocked and withheld from the FCC's net neutrality proceeding," Incompas CEO Chip Pickering said in a prepared statement. "As we watch the AT&T-Time Warner antitrust trial unfolding, it's clear large ISPs fear a competitive streaming marketplace. Their desire to gobble up content, rather than creating it from scratch, is a sign that anti-competitive interconnection practices and paid prioritization schemes are on the horizon unless strong net neutrality protections are preserved."
You're invited to attend Light Reading's Big Communications Event -- the ONE event that delivers fresh perspective on the rapid transformation of the telecom industry and the road ahead. We'll see you May 14-16 in Austin -- communications service providers get in free!
Dane Jasper, CEO of competitive carrier Sonic, which is an Incompas member company, added in a prepared statement that without net neutrality, small businesses and startups would find it harder to compete against "gatekeeper" ISPs who would be able to put a stranglehold on innovation and competition.
Incompas has been fighting the net neutrality battle throughout its existence, most recently calling on Congress to prohibit paid prioritization of content. (See Pay-for-Play Is a Sticking Point in Congress.)
— Carol Wilson, Editor-at-Large, Light Reading
Video: Build a Smarter 5G Network Powered by a Massively Scalable IP Service Fabric
Infographic: Let'5 GET SMARTER
Webinar: Segment Routing in the 5G Era
Video: Building Agile Networks for the Unknown
Blog: Don't Get Distracted by Faster Broadband. The Real 5G Revolution is Happening Behind the Scenes
The Future of Deep Packet Inspection: Top Challenges Facing Telecom, Networking & Security Solution Vendors
Blue Planet 5G Automation


text:
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Bird on the verge
If nothing is done, spruce grouse are likely to vanish in the Adirondacks.
By Phil Brown
The spruce grouse is likely to vanish from the Adirondacks, perhaps within a decade, if the state fails to take steps to help the species, according to scientists.
In a draft recovery plan issued in February, the state Department of Environmental Conservation recommends both manipulating habitat on private timberlands to favor the spruce grouse and importing grouse to supplement the existing population.
The authors of the plan, DEC biologist Angelena Ross and her former professor, Glenn Johnson, estimate that only seventy-five to a hundred spruce grouse remain in the state. They are found only in lowland boreal habitat in the northwestern Adirondacks.
In the nineteenth century, the spruce grouse was more abundant, but much of its habitat was destroyed by the clear-cutting of spruce forests and the flooding created by logging dams. The Lows Lake dam, for example, flooded a water body known as Spruce Grouse Pond. Also, the grouse's lack of fear of people made it an easy target for hunters, earning it the nickname "fool hen."
The clear-cutting, damming, and hunting have ceased, but the bird's numbers continue to plummet. Ross and Johnson say the population has declined more than 50 percent over the past two decades. One reason is that the grouse's habitat is fragmented, so there's no room for the population to expand. But a bigger reason may be that forest maturation—especially on the forever-wild Forest Preserve—has diminished the suitability of the grouse's remaining habitat. Spruce grouse appear to prefer middle-aged forests with lots of ground cover for foraging and nesting.
"Efforts to increase the species' abundance in New York must be undertaken to conserve the species and ensure its continued persistence in the state," the authors write. If nothing is done, they say, there is an 85 percent likelihood that spruce grouse will be gone in a hundred years and a 35 percent likelihood that they will vanish by 2020.
Ross and Johnson are manipulating timber stands on private land to see what type of habitat the grouse like best. If the experiment succeeds, they want DEC to secure agreements with landowners to create grouse habitat. Because the habitat manipulation requires cutting trees, it cannot be undertaken on the forever-wild Forest Preserve.
They also recommend that DEC release at least thirty spruce grouse at two or more sites—assuming the imported birds are genetically compatible with the Adirondack variety. Most likely, the grouse would be captured in Ontario. Given the Adirondack grouse's downward spiral, the authors say the reintroduction should take place as soon as possible after the genetic analysis is done and "well before 2020."
But Larry Master, a wildlife expert from Lake Placid, questions the wisdom, in an era of climate change, of trying to save a bird in the Adirondacks that is at the southern extreme of its range and remains common in Canada.
"Unless a species is endangered throughout a significant portion of its range, I do not think we should be manipulating natural habitat for the sake of a single species or even a small suite of species. Such manipulation goes counter to conserving regional and global biodiversity," said Master, who worked as a zoologist for the Nature Conservancy.
The spruce grouse should not be confused with the ruffed grouse, which is common throughout the Adirondacks. Ruffed grouse fly off nosily as people approach, whereas spruce grouse often let people come within a few feet before running or flying away. Also, the male spruce grouse sports a red eye patch not found on ruffed grouse.
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HOUSTON - An internet-driven trend involving guns led to the death of a 19-year-old Houston man last month, according to prosecutors.
Houston police said Christian Estes-Johnson was shot and killed Dec. 11 in his bedroom at a home In the 6300 Ivyknoll Road near Sandpiper Drive.
Investigators said that two people who were in the room with Johnson at the time of the shooting ran from the scene even after Johnson's family tried to stop them.
On Wednesday, authorities arrested and charged 18-year-old Mohamad Alajil with manslaughter in connection with Johnson's death.
Mohammed Alajil is seen in this mugshot released by the Houston Police Department on Jan. 3, 2019.
Alajil made his first appearance in court Thursday, where prosecutors said that he originally told investigators that Johnson began fighting with him and he shot Johnson is self-defense. However, prosecutors said, Alajil changed his story after detectives informed him that another person who was in the room told them that a game called the "No Lackin' Challenge" resulted in Johnson's death.
The other player is then expected to show a weapon, as well.
"The two were pointing loaded weapons at each other," a prosecutor said during the hearing Thursday.
Alajil was free on bond awaiting trial on a robbery charge when Johnson was killed.
On Thursday, Estes-Johnson's sister said she believes her brother's killing was intentional.
"My brother was murdered and robbed. It wasn't no game. It wasn't no challenge. My brother didn't play those games," Shyra Estes-Johnson said.
Prosecutors asked for a high bond of $100,000 because Alajil is a Syrian national and could be a flight risk, and because he is already facing the aggravated robbery charge. The magistrate judge hearing the case set a much higher bond of $250,000.


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religion founded by the Buddha
Buddhism originated in India, based on the teachings, of Siddhartha Gautama, later known as Gautama Buddha. A Buddha is one who is said to be awake to the truth of life.
Basic terms
Three Jewels
Dukkha Suffering
Samudaya Cause of Suffering
Nirodha Cessation of Suffering
Magga Noble Eight Fold Path
Dharma study
This box:
A Buddha statue
Over the centuries his teachings spread from Nepal to Central Asia, Tibet, Sri Lanka, Southeast Asia, China, Mongolia, Korea, Japan, and now Europe and North and South America. Theravada Buddhism is most common in South Asia; Mahayana further north. Buddhism exists in many different strands today, but all schools and sects share basic ideas. About seven percent of the people of the world are Buddhist.
While many people see Buddhism as a religion,[1] others see it as a philosophy, and others as a way of finding reality.[2][3]
1 Background and Buddhist concepts
2 Who is Buddha?
2.1 Who was the first Buddha?
3 Beliefs of Buddhism
3.1 The three jewels
3.2 Four noble Truths
3.3 Noble Eightfold Path
3.4 Five precepts
Background and Buddhist conceptsEdit
Siddhartha Gautama (563–483 BC) began life as the infant prince of a small kingdom in what is now the southern part of Nepal. As an adult he left wealth and status behind to search for truth. Enlightened at the age of 35, the Buddha spent the next 45 years of his life traveling and teaching in the northern part of India. He died at the age of 80.
The Buddha focused much of his teaching on how to overcome suffering. He saw that all living things suffer in being born, in getting sick, in growing old, and in facing death.[4] By overcoming suffering, he taught, a person will be truly happy.
Early teaching. His first lesson after becoming enlightened was to other seekers who had also renounced the world. This was a group of holy men or monks with whom the Buddha had studied for five or more years. To them he first presented what he saw as the Four Noble Truths of life and the Eightfold Noble Path (see below). These teachings identify the causes of suffering and their cure.
Three marks of existence. The Buddha taught that life is best understood as being impermanent (everything changes), unsatisfactory (left on our own we are never truly happy), and interdependent (all things are linked, even to the degree that the self is better understood as an illusion).
The middle way. Buddhism teaches non-harm and moderation or balance, not going too far one way or the other. This is called the Middle Way, and encourages people to live in balance.
Meditation. The Buddha recommended meditation as a way to discipline the mind and see the world as it is. Buddhists may meditate while sitting in a special or specific way. Standing and walking meditation are other styles.
Three poisons. In discussing suffering, the Buddha identified the three poisons of desire, anger and stupidity, and he showed that we could end our suffering by letting go of desires and overcoming anger and stupidity.
Nirvana. The complete letting go of negative influences is called Nirvana, meaning "to extinguish," like putting out the flame of a candle. This end of suffering is also called Enlightenment. In Buddhism, Enlightenment and Nirvana often mean the same thing.
Do Buddhists believe in god or gods? The Buddha would not say if gods exist or not, although gods play a part in some Buddhist stories. If someone asked the Buddha, "Do gods exist?" he maintained a noble silence. That is, he would not confirm or deny. Buddhists do not believe that people should look to gods to save them or bring them enlightenment.[5] Rather individuals should work out their own path the best they can.
Other basic teachings. Many of the Buddha's ideas are found in other Indian religions, especially Hinduism.
Karma. Karma refers to actions, and the Buddha taught that actions have consequences for good or ill. If people make good decisions they will be happier and have more peace of mind.
"To avoid all evil
To do good.
To purify one's mind: This is the teaching of all the Buddhas." Dhammapāda, XIV, 5
Reincarnation. The Buddha taught about reincarnation, the idea that after we die we are likely to be reborn in this world and face the same kind of suffering as in the past life. The ultimate goal of a Buddhist is to find enlightenment (Nirvana) which places us beyond endless reincarnation and suffering. Some Buddhists understand the idea in a poetic way, and not a literal one.
Who is Buddha?Edit
Buddha is a Pali word which means "The Enlightened one". Someone who has woken up to the truth of the mind and suffering and teaches the truth to others is called a Buddha. The word "Buddha" often means the historical Buddha named Buddha Shakyamuni (Siddhartha Gautama).[6] Buddhists do not believe that a Buddha is a god, but that he is a human being who has woken up and can see the true way the mind works. They believe this knowledge totally changes the person. This person can help others become enlightened too. Enlightened people are beyond birth, death, and rebirth.
Who was the first Buddha?Edit
According to Buddhism, there were countless Buddhas before Gautama Buddha and there will be many Buddhas after him.
In Pali texts, the first Buddha in Buddhavamsa sutta was Taṇhaṅkara Buddha. The Mahapadana sutta says the earliest Buddha of the recent seven buddhas was Vipassi Buddha (But sutta is not saying that Vipassi is first Buddha). Counting from the present kalpa (the beginning of our present world (Earth)) Gautama Buddha is considered the fourth Buddha. In this telling, the first is Kakusandho Buddha, second Konakamano Buddha, and the third Kassapo Buddha. The last Buddha of this kalpa will be Maitreya Buddha. Then the world (Earth) will renew itself and from then begins a new kalpa.
Beliefs of BuddhismEdit
The three jewelsEdit
Main article: Three Jewels
Buddhists respect and treasure the Three Jewels, which are the Buddha, the Dharma, and the Sangha.
The Buddha refers to the awakened one, the Dharma to the Buddha's teachings, and the Sangha to the people who follow the Buddha and his teachings.
Buddhists say "I take refuge in the Buddha, the Dharma, and the Sangha." They find comfort in these jewels or treasures.
Four noble TruthsEdit
Main article: Four Noble Truths
The Buddha's first and most important teachings are the Four Noble Truths.[7]
Life is suffering.
The reason for this suffering is that we want things to be a certain way.
The way to cure suffering is to rise above this desire.
The way to rise above desire is to follow the Noble Eightfold Path, practices which help us change our minds and understanding.
Noble Eightfold PathEdit
Main article: Noble Eightfold Path
The Buddha told people to follow a special way of life called the Noble Eightfold Path if they want to understand the Four Noble Truths. These are:
Appropriate views. Know and understand the Four Noble Truths
Appropriate thought. Turn your mind away from the world and towards the Dharma
Appropriate speech. Tell the truth, don't gossip, and don't talk badly about others
Appropriate conduct. Don't commit evil acts, like killing, stealing, or living an unclean life
Appropriate livelihood. Earn your money in a way that doesn't harm anyone
Appropriate effort. Work to make your mind more good and less evil
Appropriate mindfulness. Remember the Dharma and apply it all the time
Appropriate meditation. Practice meditation as a way of understanding reality
Five preceptsEdit
Buddhists are encouraged to follow five precepts, or guidelines. The Buddha taught that killing, stealing, having sex in a harmful way, and lying are not signs of skill.[8]
I will not hurt a person or animal that is alive.
I will not take something if it was not given to me.
I will not engage in sexual misconduct.
I will not lie or say things that hurt people.
I will not take intoxicants, like alcohol or drugs, causing heedlessness.
If a person wants to be a monk or nun, he or she will follow other precepts as well.
Bechert, Heinz (1984). The World of Buddhism. Thames & Hudson.
Harvey, Peter (1990). An Introduction to Buddhism: Teachings, History and Practices. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-31333-9.
Armstrong, Karen (2001). Buddha. Penguin Books. p. 187. ISBN 978-0-14-303436-0.
Gunaratana, Henepola (2002). Mindfulness in Plain English. Wisdom Publications. ISBN 978-0-86171-321-9.
Robinson, Richard Hugh (1982). The Buddhist Religion: A Historical Introduction. Wadsworth Publishing. ISBN 978-0-534-01027-0.
Smith, Huston; Novak, Philip (2003). Buddhism: A Concise Introduction. HarperSanFrancisco. ISBN 978-0-06-073067-3.
Related pagesEdit
Siddhartha Gautama
Buddhist calendar
Criticism of Buddhism
↑ Chambers Dictionary, 2006; Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary, 2003; New Penguin Handbook of Living Religions, 1998; Dewey Decimal System of Book Classification
↑ For example: Thich Nhat Hanh, Path White Clouds|Old Path White Clouds For example: Dorothy Figen, Is Buddhism a Religion?[permanent dead link]
↑ For example: Narada Thera, Buddhism in a Nutshell, http://www.buddhanet.net/nutshell03.htm
↑ "Buddhism". ThoughtCo.
↑ "Aggi-Vacchagotta Sutta: To Vacchagotta on Fire". www.accesstoinsight.org.
↑ see, for example, Basic points unifying the Theravāda and the Mahāyāna.
↑ Buswell, Robert E. (2004). Encyclopedia of Buddhism. Macmillan Reference USA/Thomson/Gale. p. 296. ISBN 978-0-02-865720-2.
↑ Thanissaro (2006). Thanissaro, in part, references MN 9, Sammā-diṭṭhi Sutta, to support this statement.
Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article Buddhism.
Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Buddhism
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Buddhism.
The Simple English Wiktionary has a definition for: Buddhism.
World Buddhist Events Center Archived 2007-09-29 at the Wayback Machine
Critical Resources: Buddha & Buddhism
Buddhist Channel
ReligiousTolerance - Buddhism
A Study of Buddhism in Contrast to Christianity (From a Western Christian perspective)
What Buddhism taught Archived 2007-09-28 at the Wayback Machine
Modern Buddhism - A free eBook about Buddhism
Chinese Buddhist Encyclopedia
Retrieved from "https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Buddhism&oldid=7830039"


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Thе kеу іѕ find a productive mеаnѕ tо deal wіth our everyday routine to rеmаіn fосuѕеd аnd оn track tо аttаіn your аіmѕ іn the brіеfеѕt аmоunt оf tіmе and thе smallest аmоunt of wоrk. Yоu wіll have produced a dаіlу rоutіnе thаt wіll assist you tо create аnу new success hаbіt ѕеt you wаnt. If уоu wish to ѕtісk to the dаіlу rоutіnе оf successful individuals, уоu mау want tо gеt started ѕlееріng аnd wаkіng up еаrlу. Exercise should bе part оf thе dаіlу rоutіnе. Along wіth bеіng a fantastic саrdіо еxеrсіѕе, it іѕ also hеlрful to dеvеlор еndurаnсе.
Whеthеr уоu оwn a jоb wіth аll these dеmаndѕ which уоu nеvеr know whether you are соmіng оr going, or уоu'rе just hаvіng ѕоmе problems wіth time management, уоu can wоrk lеѕѕ аnd ассоmрlіѕh mоrе. Pеrhарѕ thе best mеthоd to соntіnuе tо kеер your wоrk life аnd hоmе life separate is to see to your аt-hоmе buѕіnеѕѕ like it is аn асtuаl jоb. Whеthеr аt wоrk or аt hоmе, have a 60-second еnеrgу brеаk аt lеаѕt two times еасh dау. Aftеr уоu rесоgnіzе whаt іntеrfеrеѕ wіth уоur work, thеn it's possible to ѕtаrt tо create the сhаngеѕ that wіll іnсrеаѕе уоur еvеrуdау рrоduсtіvіtу. Othеrѕ аrе gоіng tо assist уоu аnd уоur tеаm wоrk сооrdіnаtе pursuits.
Yоu will bе more рrоduсtіvе maxing out a соuрlе оf thіngѕ rаthеr than bоunсіng from task tо tаѕk. When a jоb іѕ dоnе, аll еmоtіоnаl energy lіnkеd to thаt tаѕk ѕhоuld bе рublіѕhеd. If іt іѕ ѕо bіg thаt it runs past tоdау, trу breaking іt dоwn іntо smaller сhunkѕ ѕо уоu саn сарturе whаt раrtѕ оf the tаѕk you рlаn tо ассоmрlіѕh today. If уоu'vе got 15 minutes to finish the jоb, concentrate on ѕеttіng thе іntеntіоn whісh уоu wіll get іt dоnе wіthіn thаt sum оf tіmе ѕо you аrе able tо mоvе on tо your nеxt job.


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Q: Effect of "+1" after the format string parameter to printf() I have some problems related with this code. The parameter of printf is of type const char* and ... (variable argument list).
1) Why the output of the program is d and not 127?
2) Is it that the +1 would get converted into string and passed to parameter variable of type const char*?
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
   printf("%d"+1 , 127); //how this will get executed?
   return 0;
}

Output:
d

A: Let me try to help and add to @Yunnosch answer, you could do following:
 char *str = "%d";
 printf (str, 127);

and output should be:
127

In above example str is stored in memory like this (this is just an example and in real life addresses are like 0xabcdef12345678):
address | memory
--------+--------------
0       | %
1       | d
3       | \0

so str points to address 0 (or equivalent on your system) which holds %, printf() gets that address and starts reading from there, reads until it hits the NULL character '\0'. Now every time it sees the % it looks for next character d, c, x etc. it reads next argument from argument list. If you supplied d it will output decimal, if you supply c it will print character, x is for hex and there is many more. So printf() will read all characters and replace %<place holder> with appropriate parameter until it hits the NULL character \0, but it will start at supplied address.
Your case:
printf("%d"+1, 127);

is same as:
char *str = "%d";
printf (str + 1, 127); // printf receives address of character `d` as starting point

or it is similar to
char *str = "%d";
char *str1 = str+1; // increment the address of string by one
printf (str1, 127)

in both cases it receives address of d and reads from there until it hits \0.
If you do following:
printf ("%d" + 2, 127);

This would be the same as:
char *str = "%d";
printf (str + 2, 127);

it would output nothing because, printf() will get the address of \0. and as @Yunnosh said 127 would be ignored.
So +1 and +2 do not get converted to a string they get added to the address of the string.
I hope this helps, I think I answered both of your questions.

A: First parameter is a pointer to char.
The literal "%d" would be a pointer to the '%', which is implicitly followed by 'd' and '\0'. It is a pointer to char, because that is the C representation of string literals: sequences of characters with a '\0' at the end; represented for use as parameters etc. as a pointer to char.
But "%d"+1, according to pointer arithmetic, is a pointer to 'd', followed by '\0'.
Both are zero-terminated, as fitting for a parameter to printf.
So the output is the same as
printf("d", ignored);

127 turns into "ignored", i.e. it is ignored, because the "d" tells printf not to expect anything, because it does not have any of the special character sequences, e.g. "%someletter". So it will not expect, not look for anything and will not do any printing beyond the perfectly normal string it thinks to have been given.
Note however that the additional parameters, those not covered by anything in the format string, do get evaluated and then ignored. This is relevant, because any side effects (e.g. function calls) of that evaluation do in fact occur.
See e.g. here for details:
http://en.cppreference.com/w/c/io/fprintf

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