text:
Дневник событий
Нововведения
Полемика & Скандалы
Тенденции & прогнозы
Саммит
Страна-председатель
Финансы & банки
Спорт: Что почём?
Открываем старый свет
Век учись
Привычки и Нравы
Только факты
Главная > Тенденции & прогнозы > ВЗГЛЯД ИЗ БРЮССЕЛЯ > President Yanukovich's Dubious Deal
President Yanukovich's Dubious Deal
The newly, democratically elected President Yanukovich of Ukraine has got off to a spectacularly fast but equally dubious start. First on his diplomacy. His first supposedly symbolic act of foreign policy was to fly to Brussels first, before to Moscow, as if to demonstrate his European credentials. But after seeing what he did in Moscow a few days later, this day trip to Brussels now looks a very hollow gesture.
In Moscow he made a two-part deal, in which the headlines are an extension of the lease of the Russian Black Sea fleet at Sevastopol for 25 to 30 years, and a 10 year discount off the price of gas. As the Russian President has said, these two elements are intimately interconnected.
President Yanukovich has said that the gas discount deal gives Ukraine a profit of 40 billion USD over the ten year period, thus around 4 billion per year. Reading a Gazprom press release, this saving is made up as follows:
• The price discount will be equal to the reduction in the gas export duty set by Russia (which in principle represents the difference between world market prices and Russian domestic prices).
• This reduction is 'expected' to be cut by 100 USD per 1,000 cubic metres, and will not exceed 30% of the gas price.
• The discount will apply to 30 billion cubic metres in 2010, and 40 billion cubic metres in 2011 (100 USD multiplied by these amounts = 3 to 4 billion USD).
• The price formula and 'take or pay' principle will remain as originally stipulated (implicitly as in the agreement of 19 January 2009, which has been widely reproduced by the media). The 'take or pay' principle obliges the gas importer to pay for a given quantity of gas, whether he takes it all or not.
This deal has three aspects, all of fundamental importance for the future of Ukraine – the political, the strategic and the economic, all of which can be seriously criticised.
The political disaster for Ukraine is that Yanukovich has converted a relatively correct democratic electoral win into the most egregious case of 'state capture'. This is a term of art of political analysts, who observe a party coming to power treating their electoral victory as license to appropriate and distribute state assets for the private benefit of its leadership and supporters. What has been common in the new, post-communist democracies of eastern Europe is for privatisation processes to be rigged in favour of the party of power. But Yanukovich takes this black art to new heights, in selling out the strategic Sevastopol naval base in exchange for cash benefits for his oligarch friends and supporters in the gas trading and gas using sectors.
President Yanukovich's has described the renewal of the Black Sea Fleet lease as improving European security. That of course depends entirely on how Russia will frame its security strategy in the Black Sea region, and use the naval base in the future accordingly. We cannot predict the future, but we can observe recent realities, notably Russian strategic behaviour that led to the August 2008 war. This was an episode whereby Russia's sustained provocation delivered the pretext to invade Georgia, leading on to its recognition of the independence of Abkhazia and South Ossetia.
Finally on the economics of the gas price deal, which are not transparent. What is the reference price in relation to which the 30% cut is given? Not clear. What has been happening recently to world gas market, affecting the difference between Russian domestic and international prices? Again not precisely clear, but some fundamental trends suggest that this 30% gift may become in some degree at least a deceptive illusion. International gas prices has certainly been substantially eroded in the last year under three influences, weak demand resulting from the economic slump, but also increasing supplies coming from shale gas in the US, and liquified natural gas (LNG) supplies from diverse sources such as Qatar, Australia, Nigeria and elsewhere. Whereas pot oil prices have risen for $50 to $80/barrel sicne the beginning of 2009, spot gas prices have not followed. Only the first of these three factors is temporary, and the other two are permanent. In particular for Europe there is now an abundance of LNG supplies, as the US has become self-sufficient in gas. As a result Gazprom had in February 2010 to concede to E.ON and ENI a large crack in the price setting mechanism, which consisted of indexation on the oil price lagged by around 6 months. These major European importers have themselves secured significant quantities at 'discount' prices linked to the spot market for gas, leaving other volumes subject to the 'official' oil-linked price. Which of these prices is the reference for Ukraine's discounted price? Maybe Ukraine's 30% discount price is not so different to the discount that E.ON and ENI have obtained, without giving a naval base in exchange. Moreover the structural changes to the world gas market may mean that the present 'temporary' break in the oil-gas price linkage may become permanent, alongside a relative decline in the world market price for gas, and given the massive expansion of LNG supplies to Europe leads to the emergence of a significant spot market in Europe. So even Ukraine's 30% discount and annual 4 billion USD benefit is in some degree being eroded.
This weakness in the gas deal is magnified by the divergence between the time horizons for the gas price and Sevastopol deals, 10 years for the former versus 25 or 30 years for the latter. If the gas discount is meant to be a quid pro quo for Sevastopol the time horizons should logically have been the same.
In addition Ukraine itself may have large potential for shale gas. This has already become apparent in Poland. If these domestic or foreign alternatives supplies develop Ukraine's agreement to 'take or pay' huge quantities of gas is especially hazardous.
Who will get the benefit from the discount, to the extent it is real? Given the opaque nature of gas trade, especially in and through Ukraine, there will be opportunities to win arbitrage profits between the discounted import price and the European market prices. All manner of gas swap techniques are at play, and Mr Dmitri Firtash, Ukrainian oligarch who is a backer of Yanukovich, is a master of this gas swap trade business. Ukrainian gas using industries will also gain, but the Ukrainian economy will remain the most gas-inefficient in the world. So Ukraine will be locking itself into a structure of major financial incentives to maintain, at one and the same time, gas inefficiency and dependence on Russia.
The alternative economic deal, on the basis of a political choice by Ukraine to extend the Black Sea Fleet lease, would have been to maximise the direct rent for the Sevastopol base, and to have put the annual 4 billion USD (or whatever sum) into the Ukrainian budget for the life of the lease. The gas price could have been left open to negotiation in the light of market tendencies, or left to the previous market price formula: i.e. to take the European import price as reference, and on this basis calculate the Ukrainian 'net-back' price (i.e. discounted for the lower transport costs). The Ukrainian government could then decide how the Sevastopol rent should be used, as between budget deficit reduction, or subsidies to aid energy efficiency, or social assistance where most acutely needed.
№5(44), 2010
Copyright 2006-2023 © Интернет-журнал «Вся Европа.ru» - отношения Евросоюза и России.
С вопросами, пожеланиями и замечаниями обращайтесь в редакцию по адресу: europost@gmail.com
Свидетельства о регистрации СМИ


The night Storm got to our Florida home, we moved him to his new cage… it was a BIG change from his usual home, especially for a bird with no real experience playing with toys.
The goal? To get Storm to start exercising more by climbing all around this new, larger environment and get active with new toys and things to do throughout the day.
This is Storm… and his current diet is so bad that he could literally die from a random heart attack any day. Actually, his owners are expecting it! So, Dave and I have taken him in to work with him to lower his chances of dying from a heart attack from his obesity and malnutrition.
The parrot toys you see below are examples of how you can use the natural parrot toys that we provide to our clients as Food Finding Toys or foraging toys.


For those who like to live dangerously and push beyond their mental comfort zone, steel yourself for The Times' toughest Killer collection yet. Prepare for the extreme mental challenge of 120 Deadly-level Killer puzzles, including, for the first time ever, 20 Extra Deadly, to really test your limits: thjs is the only place you'll find such a torturous collection in a single book. The Times Ultimate Killer Su Doku is not for the fainthearted. The puzzles use the same 9x9 grid as Su Doku, and have an added mathematical challenge. The aim is not only to complete every row, column and cube so that it contains the digits 1-9, it is also necessary to ensure that the outlined cubes add up to the same number as well. But unlike with previous books, there is no chance to ease yourself in with Easy, or even Tough puzzles: this book is the ultimate Killer Su Doku - completely deadly.


text:
George Eliot Audio Books
by George Eliot
Audio Download (Free)
The book examines the role of education in the lives of the characters and how such education and study has affected the characters.
Silas Marner
Silas Marner, published in 1861, is a dramatic novel following the life of Silas Marner and his path from embittered outsider to proud father and respected citizen.
The Mill on the Floss
The novel details the lives of Tom and Maggie Tulliver, a brother and sister growing up on the river Floss near the village of St. Oggs, evidently in the 1820's, after the Napoleonic Wars but prior to the first Reform Bill (1832).
Adam Bede
A novel written by Mary Ann Evans. It is a novel about the relationships between four people living in the fictional town of Hayslope.
Audio Download | Audio CD | MP3 CD
The seemingly peaceful country village of Hayslope is the setting for this ambitious first novel by George Eliot.
Audio Download | Audio CD | Audio Cassette
Middlemarch is perhaps the finest novel in the English language. Set in a provincial town at the time of the Great Reform Bill...
The Lifted Veil
The Lifted Veil is a novella by George Eliot, first published in 1859. Quite unlike the realistic fiction for which Eliot is best known, The Lifted Veil explores themes of extrasensory perception, the essence of physical life, possible life after death, and the power of fate.
Complex social interrelationships, and the struggles to hold fast to personal integrity in a materialistic and mean spirited age in England during the 1830s, are the focus of this novel.
Adam Bede is the moving story of three people troubled by unwise love.
As Maggie Tulliver approaches maturity she enters into conflict with family and community over her desire for self-fulfillment....
1 - 10 of 41 Titles

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Published 04/23/2019 10:44:37 am at 04/23/2019 10:44:37 am in Floor Patio.
floor patio patio and concrete paint cool patio floor ideas for outdoor diy painted patio tile.
outdoor teak patio wooden decking flooring youtube , outdoor gallery floor decor rooms outdoor peacock natural decorative slate tile multi color slate panel ledger , top outdoor tile ideas trends for patio with a raised tile floor by italfloor, diy cool creative patio flooring ideas the garden glove creative patio flooring, outdoor patio tile how to choose the right type characteristics to look for in outdoor patio tile, other rentals event rentals party rentals bounce houses tents dance floors, cool patio floor ideas for outdoor diy wood looking stamped concrete patio, cool patio floor ideas for outdoor classic look brick patio, can epoxy be used for outdoor flooring uses , diy decorating ideas for stenciling a porch or patio floor design come on in welcome guests with a stenciled porch or patio floor diy home, patio roof covers az enclosures and sunrooms second floor patio cover with decorative concrete posts peoria arizona.


How is the inventory management process?
TOPIC: How is the inventory management process?
The YBO IMS does not generate barcodes. That kind of software is often provided by the barcode printer manufacturer. A large number of codes can best be prepared and generated in a spreadsheet and then uploaded into the system at once.
Can the software autogenerate barcodes for an item when it doesn't have a code? I have 40,000 unique items to put into inventory, so when they don't have a code, I'd like to click a button next to the field to generate a unique code not in my existing inventory.
YBO IMS Inventory stock levels are automatically adjusted when sales orders or purchase orders are fulfilled. Beside that, stock levels per SKU may be adjusted directly by hand and SKU or by inventory location.
Order fulfillment is done through an intelligent form that alerts on stock level breaches and unauthorised or non-profitable price changes. The YBO IMS can also be integrated with an online shopping cart of which orders will consolidate with orders manually taken using the form.
Normally we take a requirements analysis from our client and then we customize the solution to exactly meet their needs. Please go ahead and start to register with My Jigsaw Piece. You can use this at no cost as long you do not work with the system with more than 2 people at the same time.
To start with order fulfillment you will need a few SKU's in your inventory first (Inventory -> Add Product) and then you can start processing orders by entering new sales orders into the form (Sales -> New Sales Order). Feel free post all your questions here about the use of the YBO IMS and imaginary customizations.
Can you share more info on the process of the inventory management? We also looking at the sales process and we are dealing with consumer goods. How is that process going to be?


text:
Lawyer to Jeffrey Epstein's victims threatens to subpoena Prince Andrew if he enters the United States
Verity Bowman
The threats came after it was claimed the Duke has given the FBI "zero co-operation" - REX
A lawyer to five of Jeffrey Epstein's victims has threatened to subpoena the Duke of York if he enters the United States.
The threats came after it was claimed the Duke has given the FBI "zero co-operation" following its requests for an interview about his friendship with Jeffrey Epstein.
Gloria Allred told BBC Radio 4's Today programme: "We could, also, in our civil lawsuit, seek to subpoena Prince Andrew. Certainly, if he ever came back to the United States - that would be one of the first things that I'm sure a lot of lawyers, including me, would want to do."
Ms Allred added: "If he has done nothing wrong, which appears to be what he has claimed, then why won't he talk to law enforcement?
"No response is the same as zero co-operation. This is ridiculous. It's just not acceptable. This is a disservice to the victims."
US lawyer Lisa Bloom, who represents another five of Epstein's alleged victims, also called for the Duke to "do the right thing" and assist authorities with their investigations.
Ms Bloom told BBC News on Tuesday morning: "Push has come to shove. There are dozens of women who allege they were the victims of sexual assault by this predator Jeffrey Epstein.
"It is time for anyone with information to come forward and answer questions. Prince Andrew himself is accused of sexual misconduct and he also spent a great deal of time with Jeffrey Epstein.
"So, it's time to stop playing games and to come forward to do the right thing and answer questions."
On Monday evening Geoffrey Berman, a US attorney, said federal prosecutors and the FBI had asked to interview the Duke about the late paedophile billionaire, but had been met with a wall of silence despite the Duke previously saying he would talk to investigators if required.
"The Southern District of New York and the FBI have contacted Prince Andrew's attorneys and requested to interview him, and to date he has provided zero co-operation," he said.
It was reported that the FBI had been trying to speak to the Duke since last November. Buckingham Palace declined to comment.
The 59-year-old Duke was removed from public duties after a disastrous television interview focusing on claims he slept with a teenager who was trafficked to London by Epstein.
Virginia Roberts Giuffre has alleged that she had sex with the Duke three times at Epstein's request, including once in London in 2001 at the home of Ghislaine Maxwell, a close friend of both Epstein and the Duke.
The Duke vehemently denied the claim and said he had no recollection of meeting her.
MyPillow CEO Mike Lindell says products were dropped from major retailers after voter fraud claims
Election experts have uniformly declared that the 2020 election was conducted fairly.


text:
Home Music Asclepias Pollen Honey Filetype Pdf
Asclepias pollen honey filetype pdf
Self-pollination rate and floral-display size in Asclepias
Milkweed Pollination Biology USDA. Honey bees are fond of fragrant milkweed flowers, but sometimes find big trouble while milking the milkweeds. Bees can get trapped by the pollen-containing pollinia. Rather than face certain death in the flower trap, some bees manage to rip off their stuck legs or antennae and then hobble home with a tank of honey. (Others just sit there and die.), mentioned range. Some beekeepers continue to feed sucrose and pollen protein supplements to keep their bees in good shape since there is not usually much nectar accumulated by bees from honey during the almond pollination. Most commercial beekeepers expect that they should be released from their almond pollination contracts by the middle of March..
Asclepias Wikipedia
Milkweed surfaces as a green alternative Honey Bee Suite. Plants for Honeybees Common Name Latin Name Type Honey & Pollen Yields in Pounds Per Acre Nectar / Pollen Miscellaneous Information Top Five" Plants for Honeybees 60-160lbs Borage Borago officinalis Annual herbaceous plant 200 pounds honey; 60-160 pounds pollen Nectar Self-seeding, medicinal plant that can over-winter., Honey bees are fond of fragrant milkweed flowers, but sometimes find big trouble while milking the milkweeds. Bees can get trapped by the pollen-containing pollinia. Rather than face certain death in the flower trap, some bees manage to rip off their stuck legs or antennae and then hobble home with a tank of honey. (Others just sit there and die.).
Lecture 2: Honey bees:- History of bee keeping Honey bees and their usefulness are known to man from prehistoric times. Mention of bees are found in vedas, Ramayan and Quran. The modern bee keeping became possible after the discovery of … Asclepias syriaca, commonly called common milkweed, butterfly flower, silkweed, silky swallow-wort, and Virginia silkweed, is a species of flowering plant.It is in the genus Asclepias, the milkweeds.This species is native to southern Canada and of much of the conterminous eastern U.S., east of the Rocky Mountains, excluding the drier parts of the prairies.
Demand for Idaho, Utah and Colorado honey continues to be good for locally sourced honey. However, some honey producers are starting to see somewhat of a struggle on retail honey sales as competition to lower prices by large wholesale retailers becomes common place. Some recent sales of white honey ranged from $1.50 to $1.65 per pound. Best Perennial Flowers for Bees, Beetles and Butterflies. 4 February 2016, Honeybees and countless native species know what time of day each flower releases fresh pollen and nectar, so the same blossoms that are abuzz with bees in the morning may be of little interest by late afternoon. (Asclepias tuberosa), shown in the photo above, a
Milkweed plants, Asclepias spp. have a unique method of transferring pollen from one plant to the other for cross-pollination. Pollen is aggregated in sac-like bundles called pollinia, located on either side of the stigmatic chamber. The two bundles are strung together with a gland (filament) at the top of the stigmatic chamber. Demand for Idaho, Utah and Colorado honey continues to be good for locally sourced honey. However, some honey producers are starting to see somewhat of a struggle on retail honey sales as competition to lower prices by large wholesale retailers becomes common place. Some recent sales of white honey ranged from $1.50 to $1.65 per pound.
Demand for Idaho, Utah and Colorado honey continues to be good for locally sourced honey. However, some honey producers are starting to see somewhat of a struggle on retail honey sales as competition to lower prices by large wholesale retailers becomes common place. Some recent sales of white honey ranged from $1.50 to $1.65 per pound. Milkweed plants, Asclepias spp. have a unique method of transferring pollen from one plant to the other for cross-pollination. Pollen is aggregated in sac-like bundles called pollinia, located on either side of the stigmatic chamber. The two bundles are strung together with a gland (filament) at the top of the stigmatic chamber.
(pollen extractors and pollen inserters) are lumped together into "pollen vectors". In Europe insect species collected on the flowers of Asclepias syriaca, an introduced species, were compiled by Delpino (1867), Hildebrand (1866), and Mueller (1873, 1882). No distinctions were made as to which ones were visitors, pollen Asclepias is a genus of herbaceous, perennial, flowering plants known as milkweeds, named for their latex, a milky substance containing cardiac glycosides termed cardenolides, exuded where cells are damaged. Most species are toxic.The genus contains over 200 species distributed broadly across Africa, North America, and South America. It previously belonged to the family …
Milkweed plants, Asclepias spp. have a unique method of transferring pollen from one plant to the other for cross-pollination. Pollen is aggregated in sac-like bundles called pollinia, located on either side of the stigmatic chamber. The two bundles are strung together with a gland (filament) at the top of the stigmatic chamber. Honey Bee Suite is dedicated to honey bees, beekeeping, wild bees, other pollinators, and pollination ecology. It is designed to be informative and fun, but also to remind readers that pollinators throughout the world are endangered.
Honey Bee Suite is dedicated to honey bees, beekeeping, wild bees, other pollinators, and pollination ecology. It is designed to be informative and fun, but also to remind readers that pollinators throughout the world are endangered. Milkweed Pollination Biology (Asclepias . spp.) Eric P. Eldredge, Manager, Great Basin Plant Materials Center, Fallon, Nevada pollen in waxy sacs called pollinia. The pollinia are located in two anther pouches adjacent to (PDF) within 45 days of the date of the alleged discriminatory act, event, or in the case of a personnel action
Differential pollinator effectiveness and importance in a milkweed (Asclepias, Apocynaceae) hybrid zone Article (PDF Available) in American Journal of Botany 99(3):448-58 · … the project. We do not only have honey as the benefit of beekeeping, we also get propolis wax, pollen and royal jelly. A. HONEY "Honey is the natural sweat substance produced by honey bees from the nectar of blossoms or from the secretion of living parts of plants or excretions of plant sucking insects on the living parts of plants,
Honey Bee Suite is dedicated to honey bees, beekeeping, wild bees, other pollinators, and pollination ecology. It is designed to be informative and fun, but also to remind readers that pollinators throughout the world are endangered. Best Perennial Flowers for Bees, Beetles and Butterflies. 4 February 2016, Honeybees and countless native species know what time of day each flower releases fresh pollen and nectar, so the same blossoms that are abuzz with bees in the morning may be of little interest by late afternoon. (Asclepias tuberosa), shown in the photo above, a
Milkweed Pollination Restoring The Landscape
Constructive beekeeping A- Bee Honey. nectar,honeyandbees,soheincreasesthesizeofthehive. As thelackof room is not the result of one condition, but of many, the added room may be more than the beescan heat., sources of pollen and nectar throughout spring, summer, and fall. Research has shown that managed honey bees are healthier and more resistant to diseases when they have access to diverse and abundant loral resources (Alaux et al. 2010). Native plants such as milkweeds play an important role in supporting both wild bees and honey bees..
Review of pollinators and pollination relevant to the. 5. Furthermore, products produced by stingless bees, such as honey, wax, cerume (a mix of wax and propolis), propolis, pollen and the bees themselves, are used by many indigenous people for different purposes, which include nourishment, traditional medicine, activities related to …, NECTAR OF Ziziphus spina-christi (L.) WILLD (Rhamnaceae): DYNAMICS OF SECRETION AND POTENTIAL FOR HONEY PRODUCTION Adgaba Nuru1, Awad M. Awad2, Ahmad A. Al-Ghamdi1, Abdulaziz S. Alqarni2, Sarah E.Radloff3 1Chair of Engineer Abdullah Baqshan, for Bee Research, Department of Plant Protection,.
Gardening for Honey Bees Indiana
Great Basin Pollinator Plants Native Milkweeds (Asclepias. the project. We do not only have honey as the benefit of beekeeping, we also get propolis wax, pollen and royal jelly. A. HONEY "Honey is the natural sweat substance produced by honey bees from the nectar of blossoms or from the secretion of living parts of plants or excretions of plant sucking insects on the living parts of plants, Asclepias is a genus of herbaceous, perennial, flowering plants known as milkweeds, named for their latex, a milky substance containing cardiac glycosides termed cardenolides, exuded where cells are damaged. Most species are toxic.The genus contains over 200 species distributed broadly across Africa, North America, and South America. It previously belonged to the family ….
NECTAR OF Ziziphus spina-christi (L.) WILLD (Rhamnaceae): DYNAMICS OF SECRETION AND POTENTIAL FOR HONEY PRODUCTION Adgaba Nuru1, Awad M. Awad2, Ahmad A. Al-Ghamdi1, Abdulaziz S. Alqarni2, Sarah E.Radloff3 1Chair of Engineer Abdullah Baqshan, for Bee Research, Department of Plant Protection, NECTAR OF Ziziphus spina-christi (L.) WILLD (Rhamnaceae): DYNAMICS OF SECRETION AND POTENTIAL FOR HONEY PRODUCTION Adgaba Nuru1, Awad M. Awad2, Ahmad A. Al-Ghamdi1, Abdulaziz S. Alqarni2, Sarah E.Radloff3 1Chair of Engineer Abdullah Baqshan, for Bee Research, Department of Plant Protection,
Honey Bee Suite is dedicated to honey bees, beekeeping, wild bees, other pollinators, and pollination ecology. It is designed to be informative and fun, but also to remind readers that pollinators throughout the world are endangered. Milkweed plants, Asclepias spp. have a unique method of transferring pollen from one plant to the other for cross-pollination. Pollen is aggregated in sac-like bundles called pollinia, located on either side of the stigmatic chamber. The two bundles are strung together with a gland (filament) at the top of the stigmatic chamber.
Differential pollinator effectiveness and importance in a milkweed (Asclepias, Apocynaceae) hybrid zone Article (PDF Available) in American Journal of Botany 99(3):448-58 · … Asclepias syriaca, commonly called common milkweed, butterfly flower, silkweed, silky swallow-wort, and Virginia silkweed, is a species of flowering plant.It is in the genus Asclepias, the milkweeds.This species is native to southern Canada and of much of the conterminous eastern U.S., east of the Rocky Mountains, excluding the drier parts of the prairies.
Differential pollinator effectiveness and importance in a milkweed (Asclepias, Apocynaceae) hybrid zone Article (PDF Available) in American Journal of Botany 99(3):448-58 · … Feeding supplemental pollen to honey bee colonies improved their performance, as would be expected, but the similar results obtained from feeding Feedbee indicate its high potential for improving colony maintenance, build up and production during a shortage of natural pollen (A Saffari, P G Kevan, J L Atkinson, 2010). Conclusions
Milkweed plants, Asclepias spp. have a unique method of transferring pollen from one plant to the other for cross-pollination. Pollen is aggregated in sac-like bundles called pollinia, located on either side of the stigmatic chamber. The two bundles are strung together with a gland (filament) at the top of the stigmatic chamber. nectar,honeyandbees,soheincreasesthesizeofthehive. As thelackof room is not the result of one condition, but of many, the added room may be more than the beescan heat.
Honey bees are fond of fragrant milkweed flowers, but sometimes find big trouble while milking the milkweeds. Bees can get trapped by the pollen-containing pollinia. Rather than face certain death in the flower trap, some bees manage to rip off their stuck legs or antennae and then hobble home with a tank of honey. (Others just sit there and die.) Asclepias syriaca, commonly called common milkweed, butterfly flower, silkweed, silky swallow-wort, and Virginia silkweed, is a species of flowering plant.It is in the genus Asclepias, the milkweeds.This species is native to southern Canada and of much of the conterminous eastern U.S., east of the Rocky Mountains, excluding the drier parts of the prairies.
Honey Bee Suite is dedicated to honey bees, beekeeping, wild bees, other pollinators, and pollination ecology. It is designed to be informative and fun, but also to remind readers that pollinators throughout the world are endangered. Gardening for Honey Bees By Kathleen M. Prough Indiana DNR, Div. of Entomology & Plant Pathology You don't need a large property to start a garden to attract honey bees, or native bees. Take a piece of the lawn that gets 5 to 6 hours of sunlight and turn it into a garden. Think big and start small. Start with a few plants and add more each year.
Lecture 2: Honey bees:- History of bee keeping Honey bees and their usefulness are known to man from prehistoric times. Mention of bees are found in vedas, Ramayan and Quran. The modern bee keeping became possible after the discovery of … the project. We do not only have honey as the benefit of beekeeping, we also get propolis wax, pollen and royal jelly. A. HONEY "Honey is the natural sweat substance produced by honey bees from the nectar of blossoms or from the secretion of living parts of plants or excretions of plant sucking insects on the living parts of plants,
sources of pollen and nectar throughout spring, summer, and fall. Research has shown that managed honey bees are healthier and more resistant to diseases when they have access to diverse and abundant loral resources (Alaux et al. 2010). Native plants such as milkweeds play an important role in supporting both wild bees and honey bees. nectar,honeyandbees,soheincreasesthesizeofthehive. As thelackof room is not the result of one condition, but of many, the added room may be more than the beescan heat.
Aug 10, 2011 · 1853 الاسم الممنوع من الصرف بين قواعد النحو و سلائق العرب _ د. شعبان عوض العبيدي.pdf 1854 الاعتبار في القرآن الكريم.pdf 1855 الاعتصام بحبل الله بين الواقع والمبشرات دراسة قرآنية واقعية.doc الممنوع من الصرف في القرآن الكريم pdf Economy الممنوع من الصرف هو الاسم المعرب الذي لا ينون آخره، والأصل في الاسماء أن تكون منصرفة ويخرج عن الأصل في التنوين إذا وُجدت علة المنع، وقد يكون علم أو صفة أو جموع
Lecture 2 Honey bees- History of bee keeping Bee species
NATIONAL HONEY REPORT ams.usda.gov. Plants for Honeybees Common Name Latin Name Type Honey & Pollen Yields in Pounds Per Acre Nectar / Pollen Miscellaneous Information Top Five" Plants for Honeybees 60-160lbs Borage Borago officinalis Annual herbaceous plant 200 pounds honey; 60-160 pounds pollen Nectar Self-seeding, medicinal plant that can over-winter., Plants for Honeybees Common Name Latin Name Type Honey & Pollen Yields in Pounds Per Acre Nectar / Pollen Miscellaneous Information Top Five" Plants for Honeybees 60-160lbs Borage Borago officinalis Annual herbaceous plant 200 pounds honey; 60-160 pounds pollen Nectar Self-seeding, medicinal plant that can over-winter..
10.7251/AGSY1203509S UDK 338.439.4582.711 FEEDING
Review of pollinators and pollination relevant to the. Honey bees are fond of fragrant milkweed flowers, but sometimes find big trouble while milking the milkweeds. Bees can get trapped by the pollen-containing pollinia. Rather than face certain death in the flower trap, some bees manage to rip off their stuck legs or antennae and then hobble home with a tank of honey. (Others just sit there and die.), nectar,honeyandbees,soheincreasesthesizeofthehive. As thelackof room is not the result of one condition, but of many, the added room may be more than the beescan heat..
nectar,honeyandbees,soheincreasesthesizeofthehive. As thelackof room is not the result of one condition, but of many, the added room may be more than the beescan heat. Lecture 2: Honey bees:- History of bee keeping Honey bees and their usefulness are known to man from prehistoric times. Mention of bees are found in vedas, Ramayan and Quran. The modern bee keeping became possible after the discovery of …
Honey Bee Suite is dedicated to honey bees, beekeeping, wild bees, other pollinators, and pollination ecology. It is designed to be informative and fun, but also to remind readers that pollinators throughout the world are endangered. Storage, Cristallisation and Liquefaction of Honey S. Bogdanov Bee Product Science, www.bee-hexagon.net HONEY STORAGE Strorage containers should be made out of aluminium, stainless steel or plastic material. Corrosive metal containers should be coated with appropriate coatings, resistant to acidity. Honey is offered in a great variety of jars.
mentioned range. Some beekeepers continue to feed sucrose and pollen protein supplements to keep their bees in good shape since there is not usually much nectar accumulated by bees from honey during the almond pollination. Most commercial beekeepers expect that they should be released from their almond pollination contracts by the middle of March. sources of pollen and nectar throughout spring, summer, and fall. Research has shown that managed honey bees are healthier and more resistant to diseases when they have access to diverse and abundant loral resources (Alaux et al. 2010). Native plants such as milkweeds play an important role in supporting both wild bees and honey bees.
Milkweed Pollination Biology (Asclepias . spp.) Eric P. Eldredge, Manager, Great Basin Plant Materials Center, Fallon, Nevada pollen in waxy sacs called pollinia. The pollinia are located in two anther pouches adjacent to (PDF) within 45 days of the date of the alleged discriminatory act, event, or in the case of a personnel action mentioned range. Some beekeepers continue to feed sucrose and pollen protein supplements to keep their bees in good shape since there is not usually much nectar accumulated by bees from honey during the almond pollination. Most commercial beekeepers expect that they should be released from their almond pollination contracts by the middle of March.
Asclepias syriaca, commonly called common milkweed, butterfly flower, silkweed, silky swallow-wort, and Virginia silkweed, is a species of flowering plant.It is in the genus Asclepias, the milkweeds.This species is native to southern Canada and of much of the conterminous eastern U.S., east of the Rocky Mountains, excluding the drier parts of the prairies. Honey bees are fond of fragrant milkweed flowers, but sometimes find big trouble while milking the milkweeds. Bees can get trapped by the pollen-containing pollinia. Rather than face certain death in the flower trap, some bees manage to rip off their stuck legs or antennae and then hobble home with a tank of honey. (Others just sit there and die.)
Demand for Idaho, Utah and Colorado honey continues to be good for locally sourced honey. However, some honey producers are starting to see somewhat of a struggle on retail honey sales as competition to lower prices by large wholesale retailers becomes common place. Some recent sales of white honey ranged from $1.50 to $1.65 per pound. 5. Furthermore, products produced by stingless bees, such as honey, wax, cerume (a mix of wax and propolis), propolis, pollen and the bees themselves, are used by many indigenous people for different purposes, which include nourishment, traditional medicine, activities related to …
Milkweed Pollination Biology (Asclepias . spp.) Eric P. Eldredge, Manager, Great Basin Plant Materials Center, Fallon, Nevada pollen in waxy sacs called pollinia. The pollinia are located in two anther pouches adjacent to (PDF) within 45 days of the date of the alleged discriminatory act, event, or in the case of a personnel action provided information on the pollen sources of Apis remaining twenty two (66.66%) loads multifloral cerena honey bees in Nagpur District of Maharashtra. This study is aimed to recognize the major and minor sources of pollen to Apis dorsata bee in these forest during summer period (Honey flow season) on the basis
Best Perennial Flowers for Bees, Beetles and Butterflies. 4 February 2016, Honeybees and countless native species know what time of day each flower releases fresh pollen and nectar, so the same blossoms that are abuzz with bees in the morning may be of little interest by late afternoon. (Asclepias tuberosa), shown in the photo above, a Honey Bee Suite is dedicated to honey bees, beekeeping, wild bees, other pollinators, and pollination ecology. It is designed to be informative and fun, but also to remind readers that pollinators throughout the world are endangered.
The Plant Journal (2001) 27(6), 483-488 GM SPECIAL ISSUE The monarch butterfly controversy: scientific interpretations of a phenomenon Anthony M. Shelton1,* and Mark K. Sears2 'Department of Entomology, Cornell University/NYSAES, Geneva, NY 14456, USA, and Jun 23, 2014В В· Pollination and floral-display size have been studied frequently in Asclepias species because they have derived, pollinium-pollination systems conducive for investigating pollen movement. Asclepias pollen occurs in discrete sac-like structures called pollinia, which are the units of pollen dispersal . Pollination does not occur unless an insect
sources of pollen and nectar throughout spring, summer, and fall. Research has shown that managed honey bees are healthier and more resistant to diseases when they have access to diverse and abundant loral resources (Alaux et al. 2010). Native plants such as milkweeds play an important role in supporting both wild bees and honey bees. Storage, Cristallisation and Liquefaction of Honey S. Bogdanov Bee Product Science, www.bee-hexagon.net HONEY STORAGE Strorage containers should be made out of aluminium, stainless steel or plastic material. Corrosive metal containers should be coated with appropriate coatings, resistant to acidity. Honey is offered in a great variety of jars.
Gardening for Honey Bees By Kathleen M. Prough Indiana DNR, Div. of Entomology & Plant Pathology You don't need a large property to start a garden to attract honey bees, or native bees. Take a piece of the lawn that gets 5 to 6 hours of sunlight and turn it into a garden. Think big and start small. Start with a few plants and add more each year. Storage, Cristallisation and Liquefaction of Honey S. Bogdanov Bee Product Science, www.bee-hexagon.net HONEY STORAGE Strorage containers should be made out of aluminium, stainless steel or plastic material. Corrosive metal containers should be coated with appropriate coatings, resistant to acidity. Honey is offered in a great variety of jars.
Lecture 2: Honey bees:- History of bee keeping Honey bees and their usefulness are known to man from prehistoric times. Mention of bees are found in vedas, Ramayan and Quran. The modern bee keeping became possible after the discovery of … Feeding supplemental pollen to honey bee colonies improved their performance, as would be expected, but the similar results obtained from feeding Feedbee indicate its high potential for improving colony maintenance, build up and production during a shortage of natural pollen (A Saffari, P G Kevan, J L Atkinson, 2010). Conclusions
Storage, Cristallisation and Liquefaction of Honey S. Bogdanov Bee Product Science, www.bee-hexagon.net HONEY STORAGE Strorage containers should be made out of aluminium, stainless steel or plastic material. Corrosive metal containers should be coated with appropriate coatings, resistant to acidity. Honey is offered in a great variety of jars. 5. Furthermore, products produced by stingless bees, such as honey, wax, cerume (a mix of wax and propolis), propolis, pollen and the bees themselves, are used by many indigenous people for different purposes, which include nourishment, traditional medicine, activities related to …
Milkweed plants, Asclepias spp. have a unique method of transferring pollen from one plant to the other for cross-pollination. Pollen is aggregated in sac-like bundles called pollinia, located on either side of the stigmatic chamber. The two bundles are strung together with a gland (filament) at the top of the stigmatic chamber. Gardening for Honey Bees By Kathleen M. Prough Indiana DNR, Div. of Entomology & Plant Pathology You don't need a large property to start a garden to attract honey bees, or native bees. Take a piece of the lawn that gets 5 to 6 hours of sunlight and turn it into a garden. Think big and start small. Start with a few plants and add more each year.
sources of pollen and nectar throughout spring, summer, and fall. Research has shown that managed honey bees are healthier and more resistant to diseases when they have access to diverse and abundant loral resources (Alaux et al. 2010). Native plants such as milkweeds play an important role in supporting both wild bees and honey bees. the project. We do not only have honey as the benefit of beekeeping, we also get propolis wax, pollen and royal jelly. A. HONEY "Honey is the natural sweat substance produced by honey bees from the nectar of blossoms or from the secretion of living parts of plants or excretions of plant sucking insects on the living parts of plants,
FEEDING STIMULANTS INFLUENCE ON POLLEN SUBSTITUTE CONSUMPTION AND BROOD REARING ACTIVITY IN HONEYBEE COLONIES By Khalil A. A Draz*, Osama EL-Ansary**, Mohammed A. Abdellatif**, and honey bee colonies compared with the consumption of the unscented pollen substitute. Differential pollinator effectiveness and importance in a milkweed (Asclepias, Apocynaceae) hybrid zone Article (PDF Available) in American Journal of Botany 99(3):448-58 · …
Best Perennial Flowers for Bees Beetles and Butterflies
NATIONAL HONEY REPORT search.ams.usda.gov. mentioned range. Some beekeepers continue to feed sucrose and pollen protein supplements to keep their bees in good shape since there is not usually much nectar accumulated by bees from honey during the almond pollination. Most commercial beekeepers expect that they should be released from their almond pollination contracts by the middle of March., Best Perennial Flowers for Bees, Beetles and Butterflies. 4 February 2016, Honeybees and countless native species know what time of day each flower releases fresh pollen and nectar, so the same blossoms that are abuzz with bees in the morning may be of little interest by late afternoon. (Asclepias tuberosa), shown in the photo above, a.
NATIONAL HONEY REPORT ams.usda.gov. Asclepias syriaca, commonly called common milkweed, butterfly flower, silkweed, silky swallow-wort, and Virginia silkweed, is a species of flowering plant.It is in the genus Asclepias, the milkweeds.This species is native to southern Canada and of much of the conterminous eastern U.S., east of the Rocky Mountains, excluding the drier parts of the prairies., Storage, Cristallisation and Liquefaction of Honey S. Bogdanov Bee Product Science, www.bee-hexagon.net HONEY STORAGE Strorage containers should be made out of aluminium, stainless steel or plastic material. Corrosive metal containers should be coated with appropriate coatings, resistant to acidity. Honey is offered in a great variety of jars..
Storage Cristallisation and Liquefaction of Honey
Noxious Milkweed? Bad Beekeeping Blog. Feeding supplemental pollen to honey bee colonies improved their performance, as would be expected, but the similar results obtained from feeding Feedbee indicate its high potential for improving colony maintenance, build up and production during a shortage of natural pollen (A Saffari, P G Kevan, J L Atkinson, 2010). Conclusions Asclepias is a genus of herbaceous, perennial, flowering plants known as milkweeds, named for their latex, a milky substance containing cardiac glycosides termed cardenolides, exuded where cells are damaged. Most species are toxic.The genus contains over 200 species distributed broadly across Africa, North America, and South America. It previously belonged to the family ….
5. Furthermore, products produced by stingless bees, such as honey, wax, cerume (a mix of wax and propolis), propolis, pollen and the bees themselves, are used by many indigenous people for different purposes, which include nourishment, traditional medicine, activities related to … Honey bees are fond of fragrant milkweed flowers, but sometimes find big trouble while milking the milkweeds. Bees can get trapped by the pollen-containing pollinia. Rather than face certain death in the flower trap, some bees manage to rip off their stuck legs or antennae and then hobble home with a tank of honey. (Others just sit there and die.)
The Plant Journal (2001) 27(6), 483-488 GM SPECIAL ISSUE The monarch butterfly controversy: scientific interpretations of a phenomenon Anthony M. Shelton1,* and Mark K. Sears2 'Department of Entomology, Cornell University/NYSAES, Geneva, NY 14456, USA, and Demand for Idaho, Utah and Colorado honey continues to be good for locally sourced honey. However, some honey producers are starting to see somewhat of a struggle on retail honey sales as competition to lower prices by large wholesale retailers becomes common place. Some recent sales of white honey ranged from $1.50 to $1.65 per pound.
Aug 23, 2016В В· The plants provide a good nectar flow. Bees discard the pollen. Assuming enough plants are available, milkweeds can bring a good crop of honey. The milkweeds are major bee plants in the North Central states, the Northeast, Southeast, the Plains, and the mountainous West. Typically light colored, the honey is mild flavored. NECTAR OF Ziziphus spina-christi (L.) WILLD (Rhamnaceae): DYNAMICS OF SECRETION AND POTENTIAL FOR HONEY PRODUCTION Adgaba Nuru1, Awad M. Awad2, Ahmad A. Al-Ghamdi1, Abdulaziz S. Alqarni2, Sarah E.Radloff3 1Chair of Engineer Abdullah Baqshan, for Bee Research, Department of Plant Protection,
Asclepias syriaca, commonly called common milkweed, butterfly flower, silkweed, silky swallow-wort, and Virginia silkweed, is a species of flowering plant.It is in the genus Asclepias, the milkweeds.This species is native to southern Canada and of much of the conterminous eastern U.S., east of the Rocky Mountains, excluding the drier parts of the prairies. Plants for Honeybees Common Name Latin Name Type Honey & Pollen Yields in Pounds Per Acre Nectar / Pollen Miscellaneous Information Top Five" Plants for Honeybees 60-160lbs Borage Borago officinalis Annual herbaceous plant 200 pounds honey; 60-160 pounds pollen Nectar Self-seeding, medicinal plant that can over-winter.
The Plant Journal (2001) 27(6), 483-488 GM SPECIAL ISSUE The monarch butterfly controversy: scientific interpretations of a phenomenon Anthony M. Shelton1,* and Mark K. Sears2 'Department of Entomology, Cornell University/NYSAES, Geneva, NY 14456, USA, and Milkweed Pollination Biology (Asclepias . spp.) Eric P. Eldredge, Manager, Great Basin Plant Materials Center, Fallon, Nevada pollen in waxy sacs called pollinia. The pollinia are located in two anther pouches adjacent to (PDF) within 45 days of the date of the alleged discriminatory act, event, or in the case of a personnel action
5. Furthermore, products produced by stingless bees, such as honey, wax, cerume (a mix of wax and propolis), propolis, pollen and the bees themselves, are used by many indigenous people for different purposes, which include nourishment, traditional medicine, activities related to … Gardening for Honey Bees By Kathleen M. Prough Indiana DNR, Div. of Entomology & Plant Pathology You don't need a large property to start a garden to attract honey bees, or native bees. Take a piece of the lawn that gets 5 to 6 hours of sunlight and turn it into a garden. Think big and start small. Start with a few plants and add more each year.
Asclepias syriaca, commonly called common milkweed, butterfly flower, silkweed, silky swallow-wort, and Virginia silkweed, is a species of flowering plant.It is in the genus Asclepias, the milkweeds.This species is native to southern Canada and of much of the conterminous eastern U.S., east of the Rocky Mountains, excluding the drier parts of the prairies. the project. We do not only have honey as the benefit of beekeeping, we also get propolis wax, pollen and royal jelly. A. HONEY "Honey is the natural sweat substance produced by honey bees from the nectar of blossoms or from the secretion of living parts of plants or excretions of plant sucking insects on the living parts of plants,
NECTAR OF Ziziphus spina-christi (L.) WILLD (Rhamnaceae): DYNAMICS OF SECRETION AND POTENTIAL FOR HONEY PRODUCTION Adgaba Nuru1, Awad M. Awad2, Ahmad A. Al-Ghamdi1, Abdulaziz S. Alqarni2, Sarah E.Radloff3 1Chair of Engineer Abdullah Baqshan, for Bee Research, Department of Plant Protection, Milkweed plants, Asclepias spp. have a unique method of transferring pollen from one plant to the other for cross-pollination. Pollen is aggregated in sac-like bundles called pollinia, located on either side of the stigmatic chamber. The two bundles are strung together with a gland (filament) at the top of the stigmatic chamber.
Asclepias is a genus of herbaceous, perennial, flowering plants known as milkweeds, named for their latex, a milky substance containing cardiac glycosides termed cardenolides, exuded where cells are damaged. Most species are toxic.The genus contains over 200 species distributed broadly across Africa, North America, and South America. It previously belonged to the family … Plants for Honeybees Common Name Latin Name Type Honey & Pollen Yields in Pounds Per Acre Nectar / Pollen Miscellaneous Information Top Five" Plants for Honeybees 60-160lbs Borage Borago officinalis Annual herbaceous plant 200 pounds honey; 60-160 pounds pollen Nectar Self-seeding, medicinal plant that can over-winter.
5. Furthermore, products produced by stingless bees, such as honey, wax, cerume (a mix of wax and propolis), propolis, pollen and the bees themselves, are used by many indigenous people for different purposes, which include nourishment, traditional medicine, activities related to … Asclepias syriaca, commonly called common milkweed, butterfly flower, silkweed, silky swallow-wort, and Virginia silkweed, is a species of flowering plant.It is in the genus Asclepias, the milkweeds.This species is native to southern Canada and of much of the conterminous eastern U.S., east of the Rocky Mountains, excluding the drier parts of the prairies.
Milkweed plants, Asclepias spp. have a unique method of transferring pollen from one plant to the other for cross-pollination. Pollen is aggregated in sac-like bundles called pollinia, located on either side of the stigmatic chamber. The two bundles are strung together with a gland (filament) at the top of the stigmatic chamber. mentioned range. Some beekeepers continue to feed sucrose and pollen protein supplements to keep their bees in good shape since there is not usually much nectar accumulated by bees from honey during the almond pollination. Most commercial beekeepers expect that they should be released from their almond pollination contracts by the middle of March.
the project. We do not only have honey as the benefit of beekeeping, we also get propolis wax, pollen and royal jelly. A. HONEY "Honey is the natural sweat substance produced by honey bees from the nectar of blossoms or from the secretion of living parts of plants or excretions of plant sucking insects on the living parts of plants, Jun 23, 2014 · Pollination and floral-display size have been studied frequently in Asclepias species because they have derived, pollinium-pollination systems conducive for investigating pollen movement. Asclepias pollen occurs in discrete sac-like structures called pollinia, which are the units of pollen dispersal . Pollination does not occur unless an insect
Honey Bee Suite is dedicated to honey bees, beekeeping, wild bees, other pollinators, and pollination ecology. It is designed to be informative and fun, but also to remind readers that pollinators throughout the world are endangered. 5. Furthermore, products produced by stingless bees, such as honey, wax, cerume (a mix of wax and propolis), propolis, pollen and the bees themselves, are used by many indigenous people for different purposes, which include nourishment, traditional medicine, activities related to …
FEEDING STIMULANTS INFLUENCE ON POLLEN SUBSTITUTE CONSUMPTION AND BROOD REARING ACTIVITY IN HONEYBEE COLONIES By Khalil A. A Draz*, Osama EL-Ansary**, Mohammed A. Abdellatif**, and honey bee colonies compared with the consumption of the unscented pollen substitute. the project. We do not only have honey as the benefit of beekeeping, we also get propolis wax, pollen and royal jelly. A. HONEY "Honey is the natural sweat substance produced by honey bees from the nectar of blossoms or from the secretion of living parts of plants or excretions of plant sucking insects on the living parts of plants,
Jun 23, 2014В В· Pollination and floral-display size have been studied frequently in Asclepias species because they have derived, pollinium-pollination systems conducive for investigating pollen movement. Asclepias pollen occurs in discrete sac-like structures called pollinia, which are the units of pollen dispersal . Pollination does not occur unless an insect NECTAR OF Ziziphus spina-christi (L.) WILLD (Rhamnaceae): DYNAMICS OF SECRETION AND POTENTIAL FOR HONEY PRODUCTION Adgaba Nuru1, Awad M. Awad2, Ahmad A. Al-Ghamdi1, Abdulaziz S. Alqarni2, Sarah E.Radloff3 1Chair of Engineer Abdullah Baqshan, for Bee Research, Department of Plant Protection,
Lecture 2: Honey bees:- History of bee keeping Honey bees and their usefulness are known to man from prehistoric times. Mention of bees are found in vedas, Ramayan and Quran. The modern bee keeping became possible after the discovery of … Honey Bee Suite is dedicated to honey bees, beekeeping, wild bees, other pollinators, and pollination ecology. It is designed to be informative and fun, but also to remind readers that pollinators throughout the world are endangered.
Honey Bee Suite is dedicated to honey bees, beekeeping, wild bees, other pollinators, and pollination ecology. It is designed to be informative and fun, but also to remind readers that pollinators throughout the world are endangered. mentioned range. Some beekeepers continue to feed sucrose and pollen protein supplements to keep their bees in good shape since there is not usually much nectar accumulated by bees from honey during the almond pollination. Most commercial beekeepers expect that they should be released from their almond pollination contracts by the middle of March.
Convert cad drawing to pdf
Comment installer une application suvegarder dans itune a un iphone
University Of Chicago Application Fee
الشاعر مصطفى لطفى المنفلوطى Pdf
Noose And Skinny Size Guide
Exercices Base De Donnees Relationelles Corrigés Pdf
Marketing Management By Philip Kotler 11th Edition Pdf Free Download
Currency Trading For Dummies Pdf
Level 5 Reading Comprehension Pdf
Les Formules De Politesse En Français À L Oral Pdf
How To Write Amharic Alphabet On Computer Pdf
Thomson Reuters Journal List 2017 Pdf
Travelling Salesman Problem Algorithm Pdf
Zumdahl Chemistry 10th Edition Pdf
Eval Fonctioinverse Pdf Classe 2nd
Copyright © by Imagimaxpromo.com. All Rights Reserved.


text:
Major Contra Costa meth ring bust
By Robert Salonga | rsalonga@bayareanewsgroup.com | Bay Area News Group
May 4, 2011 at 1:47 a.m.
SAN PABLO — Investigators dismantled an extensive gang-operated methamphetamine ring centered in Contra Costa County and spreading across the entire Bay Area, indicting 17 defendants, authorities announced Wednesday.
U.S. Attorney Melinda Haag led a news conference at San Pablo City Hall highlighting the results of the two-year investigation, dubbed Operation Red Reach, that seized an estimated $7.1 million in crystal methamphetamine and dealt a blow to a sizable drug-trafficking operation orchestrated by a street gang lieutenant.
"These are extremely dangerous and ruthless individuals," said Larry Wallace, law enforcement deputy director for the state Department of Justice.
San Pablo police spearheaded the investigation that grew to include state and federal agents.
"This began as a grass-roots local investigation," said Chief Walter Schuld. "We knew this was going to have a lasting effect."
The defendants are Joseph Abbate — described as a gang leader — Sean Beckett, Mark Bruno, Reginald Carter, Tom Cordova, Billie Dempsey, Edward Espiritu, James Esver, Michael Lawrence, Honorato Padilla, Deonzelle Pierce, David Reams, Gary Rondeau, Ramon Rubio, Michael Sanchez, Magen Schwartz and Juan Lopez.
Everyone but Schwartz, the lone female defendant, is in custody, Haag said. She is being sought by authorities.
The defendants reside in San Pablo, Richmond, El Sobrante, Hercules, Pinole, Rodeo, Martinez and Antioch. Schuld said all of them are either gang members or associates.
The group is charged with 16 counts related to the distribution and possession of methamphetamine, with each individual count carrying a maximum sentence of at least 10 years. Each defendant is attached to at least one of the counts and many have multiple charges.
Most of the defendants were arraigned before a federal magistrate in Oakland this week and pleaded not guilty. The indictments cover alleged drug activity between Sept. 27, 2010, and April 15.
A total of 35 arrests, including the indictments, were made during the two-year investigation, according to state officials.
On top of seizing 135 pounds of meth, agents also confiscated $86,000 cash, 26 firearms — including assault rifles — and six vehicles. They also found an assortment of bulletproof vests when they served search warrants in the past month. Police are looking into two weapons that might be tied to a homicide.
The officials at Wednesday's news conference were tight-lipped about most details of the bust, saying they did not want to harm the investigation. But an affidavit filed by FBI special agents Patrick Ernst and Gregory Eckhart, based on surveillance involving defendants Abbate, Rubio and Padilla, offers a glimpse into some of the activities.
In the filing, the agents detail a wiretapped telephone conversation the morning of Sept. 30, between Abbate and Rubio in which they are said to be discussing drug debts and exchanging a half-pound of methamphetamine. That yields more than 2,000 "points," or units of the drug for sale.
"OK, five minutes or less my boy is there," Rubio is recorded as saying.
Later that morning, the agents observed Padilla drive up to a Hercules home linked to Abbate, and leave less than five minutes later. The agents believe that the visit was Padilla delivering methamphetamine to Abbate on behalf of Rubio.
Authorities said the meth ring was an offshoot of a sophisticated Mexican drug-trafficking empire spanning Interstate 5 from the Mexican border to Washington state. It's an ongoing battle, the state attorney general said.
"We are fighting transnational gangs from one end of California to another," Kamala Harris said in a statement. "With the cooperation of local and federal law enforcement agencies, we're going to outmuscle, outsmart and undo them."
The wide-ranging probe began with an investigation by the West Contra Costa Narcotics Enforcement Team, or WestNET, which comprises officers from local police agencies. Leading the effort was San Pablo Detective Brian Bubar and the FBI's Eckhart, Schuld said.
Also participating were Solano County authorities, police from Richmond, Hercules and Pinole, the Contra Costa Sheriff's Office, the Contra Costa District Attorney's Office, the California Highway Patrol and federal immigration agents.
"This is a model of multiagency cooperation," Wallace said.
Staff writer Karl Fischer contributed to this report. Contact Robert Salonga at 925-943-8013. Follow him at Twitter.com/robertsalonga.
17 people indicted
135 pounds of meth seized, worth $7.1 million
26 firearms seized
At least $86,000 seized
Six vehicles seized
Robert Salonga | Criminal Justice and Public Safety Reporter
Robert Salonga covers criminal justice and public safety for The Mercury News. A San Jose native, he attended UCLA and has a Master's degree in journalism from the University of Maryland, and was part of a reporting team awarded the 2017 Pulitzer Prize for Breaking News Reporting. He previously reported in Washington, D.C., Salinas and the East Bay, and is a middling triathlete. Reach him the low-tech way at 408-920-5002.
rsalonga@bayareanewsgroup.com
Follow Robert Salonga	@robertsalonga


Singapore's sovereign wealth fund Temasek and Chinese refiner Sinopec <2386.HK> have approached Spanish oil company Repsol over its 4.7 billion euro ($6.4 billion) stake in Gas Natural , the Financial Times reported on Sunday.
Repsol said in July it was considering disposing of its Gas Natural stake because the agreed sale of its liquefied natural gas business to Royal Dutch Shell , due to close this year, diminishes the holding's strategic rationale.
No final decision has been taken and Repsol has received interest from other parties, the FT said, citing people close to the deal. Repsol is not in a rush to sell its stake, meaning a sale would come down to an attractive price, according to the FT.
A spokesman for Repsol declined to comment on the report. Temasek also declined comment.
Gas Natural, controlled by bank La Caixa and Repsol, since it was created from the merger of several gas groups in 1992, faces a shareholder shake-up as both companies look to sell down stakes.
Last month, a source close to La Caixa said the bank could take advantage of any potential sale of Repsol's 30 percent stake in the gas group, to sell a small part of its own 35-percent holding.
Temasek and Sinopec have existing relationships with Repsol, meaning both La Caixa and the Spanish government view them as stable potential shareholders in Gas Natural, the FT said.
Temasek, which has been boosting investments in the energy sector, has a 6.3 percent stake in Repsol, while Sinopec formed a $17.8 billion joint venture with the company to exploit Repsol's Brazilian oil deposits in 2010.


By: Rich Benkowski, Paul Chapello, Charles Pelkey - In Partnership with the International Pipe Trades Joint Training Committee, Inc.
Energy Auditing Practices: A Guide to Benchmarking, Auditing, and Retrofitting Residential, Commercial, and Industrial Buildings is a comprehensive guide to the entire energy auditing process, from benchmarking and developing energy conservation goals to implementing system changes and verifying the results.
The manual begins with an overview of the energy auditing process and the numerous codes, standards, and guidelines involved.
Next, separate sections deal with the unique aspects of conducting audits on either Residential Buildings, or Commercial and Industrial Buildings.
Each section concludes with examples of the data analyses needed to determine the energy savings from the retrofits.
This textbook complements a HVAC technician's skills by extending them to working on energy conservation measures in both residential and commercial/industrial buildings.


Different types of dwarfism list.
Different types of dwarfism list. Increased RBC is seen in erythrocytotic states, whether absolute polycythemia vera, erythrocytosis of chronic hypoxia or relative dehydration, stress polycthemiaand in thalassemia minor [see "Hemoglobin," below, for discussion of anemias and erythrocytoses].
In truth more people are bitten by their family dog!
XP-CS is the most rare form and includes the features of both diseases.
Ewing's Sarcoma National Teenagers Adults.
Work on genotype -phenotype correlations among the XP complementation groups continues; however, evidence suggests that the specific pathogenic variant may have more influence on the phenotype than the complementation group.
A statistically significant reduction was also seen in actinic keratoses, the precursor skin lesions to SCCs.
Skeletal dysplasias osteochondrodysplasias are a general term for a group of disorders characterized by abnormal growth or development or cartilage and bone.
Short stature is clinically defined as a height within the lowest 2.


text:
Your browser is currently set to block cookies. Not all features of our website will work as intended. Please turn on cookies or check if you have another program set to block cookies to allow full website functionality.
Investment Firm Founder
Financial Columnist
Books by Ken Fisher
Beat the Crowd
The Little Book of Market Myths
Plan Your Prosperity
Markets Never Forget
Debunkery
How to Smell a Rat
Ten Roads to Riches
The Only Three Questions that Count
100 Minds that Made the Market
The Wall Street Waltz
Super Stocks
Fisher Investments Executive Chairman
Stockpicks
Research Innovator
In addition to being a best-selling author and self-made billionaire, Ken Fisher is also a renowned innovator of investment theory and author of several academic studies. Ken Fisher's most recent research focuses on the emerging field of behavioral finance, where he has worked with Dr. Meir Statman of Santa Clara University. Published in professional and scholarly journals, their "Cognitive Biases in Market Forecasts" appeared in the Fall 2000 issue of the Journal of Portfolio Management and won JPM's Outstanding Article Award for 2000-2001. Click here for a comprehensive list of Ken Fisher's academic articles.
In his 1984 best-selling book, Super Stocks, Ken for the first time described in detail a method (among many) his company had been using to value stocks and craft forward-looking expectations. It was the price/sales ratio (PSR)--now a commonly used metric but at the time unused by most investors until Ken championed it. In his view, for many stocks, it was a better tool than more popular valuation methods like the price-to-earnings ratio. In the book, he gives a detailed look at why the PSR was useful, what it was measuring, and how it could be used to better forecast stock price direction.
Ken's work surrounding the PSR popularized the use of the tool as an indicator for undervalued stocks and is now frequently included as required curriculum for the CFA exam.
Ken Fisher has been an active pioneer in the field of behavioral finance. He's written a number of academic papers on the subject, published in the Journal of Behavioral Finance, Journal of Financial Research, Journal of Investing, and Journal of Portfolio Management. His 2000 paper, "Cognitive Biases in Market Forecasts," co-authored with Meir Statman, won a Bernstein Fabozzi/Jacobs Levy Outstanding Article award. Ken's 2006 New York Times bestselling book, The Only Three Questions That Count, demonstrated to readers how to use behavioral finance to better craft forward-looking market expectations. Behavioral finance is an integral part of how Fisher Investments shapes market forecasts, and Ken continues writing on the subject to this day.
Large Cap Investing
Most in the investing industry recognize three "size" categories for equities--small-capitalization stocks, mid-cap and large-cap. But there's no standard level for where each level begins. Frequently, investors identify an arbitrary level--e.g., any stock over $10 billion or $20 billion is "large"--but without any fundamental reasoning behind the distinction.
Instead of having an arbitrary line in the sand that doesn't provide a meaningful frame of reference, Ken Fisher considers size differently. He believes a better way to think about size is relative to the market's weighted average market cap. Fisher's research shows stocks with market capitalizations above the weighted average market cap act more like big stocks, whereas stocks smaller than the weighted average behave more "small"--even if that stock has a market capitalization of $40 billion or $50 billion. This more fluid but fundamental way of considering size yields categories that have more size properties in common.
Connect with Ken
BiographyBiography
FI FounderFI Founder
Financial ColumnistFinancial Columnist
Best-Selling AuthorBest-Selling Author
Research InnovatorResearch Innovator
Site MapSite Map
DisclosuresDisclosures
Investing in stock markets involves the risk of loss and there is no guarantee that all or any capital invested will be repaid. Past performance neither guarantees nor reliably indicates future performance. © 2021 Fisher Investments. All rights reserved.


They are practically perfect in every way.
Could these two be any cuter? Emily Blunt and John Krasinski were adorable together at the premiere of "Mary Poppins Returns" in Los Angeles on Thursday night.
The married couple held hands and exchanged plenty of smiles and private whispers as they walked the red carpet. Seriously — could they be more perfect together?
Blunt looked stunning in a white, flowing Yanina Couture gown with puffed sleeves, a gathered waist and a deep V-neckline. Her husband also cut a dapper figure in a wine-colored suit with a blue and burgundy patterned shirt underneath.
Hopefully Krasinski brought some tissues with him to the premiere; the former "Office" actor recently told Ellen DeGeneres he was brought to tears seeing his wife as the title character in "Mary Poppins Returns" for the first time.
"They started screening the movie and 25 minutes into the movie, I stood up and went to the back of the room, and Emily said, 'Do you not like it? I've never seen this happen,'" Krasinski said.
He went on to say he was actually trying to find a tissue because watching Blunt in the sequel to the iconic Disney movie made him so emotional.
Blunt later told Entertainment Tonight that she thought her husband's tears were sweet: "I love that, when guys cry. I think it's a beautiful thing, (when they're) not so tough."
The pair married in 2010 after dating for about two years. The chemistry was pretty much immediate when they first met, Blunt told Willie Geist in April on Sunday TODAY.
And after eight years of marriage, it's obvious they are still head over heels in love.


Listen to all music and sounds of Klangwandler Official and follow this user by signing in for free. You can listen to 24 tracks and mixes and follow this user as 21 did before. This artist liked 8 tracks, followed 21 others and reshared 1 tracks and mixes. 17 other people are following this page too.


The New CaseParlor is Live!
Have you ever heard of CaseParlor.com? CaseParlor is a website we developed that specializes in finding you the right case for your instrument. We recently moved and transfer all of it to its own section here on our main site. The Case Parlor … [Read more...] about The New CaseParlor is Live!
It's true! Custom Sound is now a proud dealer for Electro-Harmonix effect pedals. With almost 50 years of experience under their belt, EHX has been an innovative front runner in the effects game for decades, offering some of the most well known … [Read more...] about Now Carrying Electro-Harmonix!
Dealers for TV Jones Pickups!
Announcement: HALF OFF INSTALLATION: read below* We are now dealers for the renowned TV Jones pickup company! TV Jones is known for their specific tone, classic and often retro voiced humbuckers and single coils. They offer a variety … [Read more...] about Dealers for TV Jones Pickups!


text:
Das Schloss Tanlay () ist ein Wasserschloss in der französischen Gemeinde Tanlay im burgundischen Département Yonne.

Ursprünglich hatte die Familie Courtenay im 13. Jahrhundert eine Wasserburg errichtet, die über die Familien Champigny und Courcelles im 16. Jahrhundert an François de Coligny kam. Er ließ die mittelalterliche Burg abtragen und begann auf ihren Fundamenten mit einem Neubau in den Formen der späten französischen Renaissance. Im Gegensatz zu dem rund zehn Kilometer entfernten Schloss Ancy-le-Franc wurde beim Bau der Anlage in Tanlay trotz klassizistischer Anlehnungen noch ein wenig der Aspekt von Wehrhaftigkeit bewahrt. Unter der Familie Coligny war das Schloss in den Hugenottenkriegen  ein wichtiger Stützpunkt der französischen Protestanten. Im 17. Jahrhundert durch Michel Particelli im Stil des  vollendet, überstand Tanlay die Französische Revolution im Gegensatz zu vielen anderen Adelssitzen fast unversehrt.

Die Schlossanlage liegt im Tal des Armançons an dessen rechtem Ufer, nicht weit entfernt vom Canal de Bourgogne. Ihr dreiflügeliges Hauptgebäude steht auf einer von Wassergräben umgebenen trapezförmigen Insel, der östlich die Wirtschaftsgebäude und der Torbau vorgelagert sind. Die Gebäude stehen gemeinsam mit dem sie umgebenden Park seit dem 20. Dezember 1994 als Monument historique unter Denkmalschutz, nachdem frühere Unterschutzstellungen  annulliert worden waren. Teile der Außenanlagen und acht Räume im  können entgeltlich besichtigt werden. Während der Schlosspark von Besuchern frei erkundet werden kann, ist der Zutritt zu den Innenräumen nur im Rahmen einer Führung möglich. 2015 zählte das Schloss 13.200 zahlende Besucher. Im Sommer finden in den Wirtschaftsgebäuden Ausstellungen zeitgenössischer Kunst statt.

Geschichte

Bewohner und Besitzer

Mittelalter

Im 12. Jahrhundert besaß die Familie de Noyers das Schloss. Um 1197 kam es durch die Heirat Adelines de Noyers mit Guillaume I. de Courtenay, einem Enkel des französischen Königs Ludwig VI., als Hochzeitsgeschenk an dessen Geschlecht. Über mehrere Generationen wurde der Besitz immer an den ältesten Sohn vererbt, bis Robert III. de Courtenay zwischen 1342 und 1345 kinderlos verstarb. Da sein jüngerer Bruder Jean schon vor ihm und auch ohne Nachkommen verstorben war, folgte Roberts jüngster Bruder Philippe als Besitzer von Tanlay nach. Ihn beerbte 1385 seine Enkelin Jeanne I. Mit ihr endete die Ära der Familie de Courtenay als Besitzer von Tanlay, denn auch sie starb kinderlos, und so wurde Pierre de Chamigny, Cousin Jeannes I., neuer Grundherr von Tanlay. 1485 wechselte der Besitz nach dem kinderlosen Tod Aymé de Chamignys an dessen Schwester Philiberte. Sie brachte Tanlay an ihren Mann Philippe de Courcelles, mit dem sie seit etwa 1450 verheiratet war.

16. Jahrhundert

Eine Generation später starb die Familie de Courcelles de Tanlay mit Philippes Kindern Edme und Catherine, die beide keine Nachkommen hatten, aus. In seinem Testament vom 13. Februar 1533 bedachte Edme verschiedene Verwandte mit seinem Besitz: Ein Drittel Tanlays ging an Claude des Essarts, den Großvater der Mätresse Heinrichs IV., der mit Claude de Chamigny verheiratet war. Das zweite Drittel erhielten die noch unmündigen Kinder der Louise de Montmorency, Witwe Gaspard I. de Colignys, eines Enkels von Edmes Onkel Pierre de Courcelles. Das letzte Drittel hinterließ Edme Catherine de Beaujeu-Montcoquier, der jüngeren Schwester seiner Mutter Philiberte. Diese ließ Tanlay im Handstreich besetzen, um die Herrschaft für ihren Sohn zu sichern. Es folgte ein Erbschaftsstreit, der erst im Jahr 1535 ein Ende fand, als Louise de Montmorency am 3. April Burg und Herrschaft für 7500 Livres tournois von den Miterben kaufte und so den Besitz wieder in einer Hand vereinte. Sie überließ die heruntergekommene Anlage 1547 ihrem jüngsten Sohn François de Coligny, seigneur d'Andelot. Gemeinsam mit seinen älteren Brüdern Gaspard II. und Odet machte er Tanlay während der französischen Religionskriege zu einem wichtigen Stützpunkt der Hugenotten. Dort trafen sich oft die Anführer der protestantischen Partei, darunter auch Louis I. de Bourbon, prince de Condé, dessen Schloss Noyers nicht weit entfernt stand. Besonders in den Jahren 1567 und 1568, als die Situation für die Coligny-Brüder wegen der zunehmenden Unzufriedenheit des Königs mit der protestantischen Partei immer unsicherer wurde, hielten sich François und Gaspard II. bevorzugt in Tanlay und damit weit entfernt vom Hof auf.

17. Jahrhundert bis heute

François vererbte Tanlay 1569 seiner Tochter Anne, die seiner zweiten, 1564 geschlossenen Ehe mit Anna von Salm entstammte. Sie brachte die derweil zum Schloss umgebaute Anlage in ihre Ehe mit Jacques Chabot, Marquis von Mirebeau und Graf von Charny ein. Nach dem kinderlosen Tod des älteren Sohnes Charles übernahm Annes Tochter Catherine 1621 das Schloss und brachte es 1635 in ihre zweite Ehe mit Claude Vignier, dem ersten Präsidenten des Parlements von Metz, ein. Das Paar lebte jedoch die meiste Zeit in einem Schloss in der Champagne und kümmerte sich nur wenig um Tanlay. Es ließ vielmehr Säulen und Statuen aus dem Schlosspark entfernen, um sie in ihrer Hauptresidenz  aufzustellen. Die beiden verkauften die Schlossanlage am 13. September 1642 an den Oberintendanten der Finanzen unter Ludwig XIV., Michel Particelli d'Hémery (auch d'Émery geschrieben). Er ließ den immer noch unvollendeten Schlossbau fertigstellen und benannte die Herrschaft mit königlicher Genehmigung vom Februar 1647 in Hémery um. Der neue Name konnte sich aber nicht durchsetzen, denn nach dem Tod Particellis im Jahr 1650 wurde das Territorium wieder als Tanlay bezeichnet. Erbe des Anwesens und eines Bergs von Schulden in Höhe von 600.000 Francs wurde Particellis Sohn aus seiner Ehe mit Marie Le Camus, Michel Particelly, Baron von Thorey. Dieser galt anfangs nur als extravagant und etwas überspannt, doch seine Verrücktheiten und Ausfälle nahmen im Laufe der Zeit immer mehr zu. Der Baron schien allmählich den Verstand zu verlieren, sodass sein Schwager, der Staatssekretär Louis Phélypeaux de La Villière im Oktober 1662 die Verwaltung der Herrschaft Tanlay übernahm. Michel Particelli starb vor dem Dezember 1668 ohne Nachkommen und wurde von seiner Schwester Marie, deren Mann schon einige Jahre die Verwaltungsgeschäfte geführt hatte, beerbt. Ludwig XIV. erhob 1671 die Herrschaft für Louis Phélypeaux zum Marquisat. Über Louis' Sohn Balthazard, Marquis von Châteauneuf, kam Tanlay im Jahr 1700 an dessen ältesten Sohn Louis. Dieser verkaufte das Anwesen am 28. November 1704 an den königlichen Berater und Gouverneur von Saint-Denis, Jean Thévenin. Dessen Nachfahren sind noch heute Eigentümer des Schlosses. Letzter männlicher Spross der Familie war Jacques Thévenin, der 1957 verstarb. Alleinerbin war seine einzige Tochter Marguerite, die mit Edouard de La Chauvinière verheiratet war. Deren Sohn ist der gegenwärtige Schlossherr.

Baugeschichte

Erster Schlossbau

Als Guillaume I. de Courtenay durch seine Heirat mit Adeline de Noyers Seigneur von Tanlay geworden war, entschied er sich, einen alten Donjon auf einer Anhöhe als Wohnsitz aufzugeben und stattdessen im ersten Viertel des 13. Jahrhunderts eine größere und von Wassergräben umgebene Burg im Tal zu errichten. Diese erste Niederungsburg ließ François de Coligny abtragen und begann mit finanzieller Unterstützung seines Bruders Odet um 1555 mit dem Bau eines Schlosses im Stil der französischen Renaissance unter Verwendung der alten Fundamente und der schon vorhandenen Gräben. Das Material des niedergelegten Vorgängerbaus wurde beim Neubau wiederverwendet. Die Pläne für das Schloss könnten von dem Architekten Bertrand de Cazenove stammen, der auch für das Grabmal von François' erster Frau Claude de Rieux verantwortlich zeichnete. Ab 1558 begann François mit dem Bau eines monumentalen Torbaus an der Südwestseite des Schlossareals. Auch dessen Architekt ist nicht überliefert, es könnte sich aber um Nicolas Ribonnier gehandelt haben. 1566 wurde mit der Anlage eines Schlossparks begonnen. Die Hugenottenkriege verhinderten einen schnellen Abschluss der gesamten Bauarbeiten. Als François de Coligny 1569 starb, war der Schlossbau noch längst nicht abgeschlossen; fertiggestellt waren lediglich die südliche Partie des  samt einem Treppenturm, der Südflügel des Schlosses sowie die beiden daran anschließenden Rundtürme an der Süd- und Westecke. Der Torbau befand sich zu jener Zeit noch im Rohbau und wurde erst gegen 1610 unter François' Nachfolger Jacques Chabot fertiggestellt. Sein Innenausbau dauerte wesentlich länger und war beim Tod Chabots im Jahr 1630 noch nicht beendet.

Vollendung und Erweiterung

Nachdem Michel Particelli das Schloss Tanlay 1642 erworben hatte, beauftragte er Pierre Le Muet im darauffolgenden Jahr mit der Fertigstellung der Anlage. Bauleiter war der Maurermeister Hugues Postel. Le Muet hielt weitestgehend am ursprünglichen Bauplan fest und vervollständigte das Anwesen durch die Vergrößerung des  und den Bau eines Nordflügels, um dem Kernbau ein symmetrisches Äußeres zu verleihen. Außerdem ließ er in dessen Hauptachse ein Torhaus als Zugang zum Hauptgebäude errichten. Östlich des im 16. Jahrhundert begonnenen Monumental-Torbaus entstand ein dreiflügeliger Wirtschaftshof, der unter anderem einen großen Marstall umfasste. Durch den Ankauf umliegender Ländereien war es Particelli außerdem möglich, einen Garten im französischen Stil anzulegen, in dem ein über 500 Meter langer Kanal ausgehoben wurde. Im Obergeschoss des Schlosses entstand zwischen Februar 1646 und Januar 1648 nach den Plänen Le Muets eine Galerie. In einem der Ecktürme ließ er 1648 eine Kapelle einrichten, indem er in dem runden Turm einen quadratischen Raum schuf.

Die von Particelli beauftragten Arbeiten hatten ein enormes Ausmaß und fanden erst in seinem Todesjahr 1649 ihren Abschluss. Die Baustelle war riesig, denn die zahlreichen Erweiterungsmaßnahmen wurden in nur fünf Jahren vorgenommen. Für die unzähligen Bauarbeiter standen eigens zwei Bader () zur Verfügung, die Verletzungen behandelten und Krankheiten kurierten. Particellis Vollendung des Schlosses verschlang die Unsumme von 2.500.000 Livres.

Ab dem 18. Jahrhundert

In der Nacht vom 3. auf den 4. November 1761 wurden der nördliche Teil des Obergeschosses im  sowie der Nordostflügel durch ein Feuer teilweise zerstört. Dabei wurde auch die große Galerie in Mitleidenschaft gezogen. Die Schäden wurden zwar anschließend ausgebessert, die Galerie wurde jedoch nicht in ihrer ursprünglichen Größe wiederhergestellt. Die Reparaturkosten beliefen sich auf rund 85.000 Livres. Wichtigste Neuerung im Schloss war 1781 die Einrichtung eines kleinen Theaters durch den damaligen Schlossherrn Étienne Jean Benoît Thévenin, 4. Marquis von Tanlay.

Während der Französischen Revolution musste Schloss Tanlay nicht das Schicksal vieler anderer Adelssitze teilen und überstand diese Zeit fast vollkommen unbeschadet. Lediglich das Wappenrelief über dem Eingang eines Treppenturms wurde 1793 zerstört, weil solche Darstellungen als Sinnbild des Feudalismus verboten waren.

Nachdem die Galerie im  1805 restauriert durch den Maler Lebec worden war, erfolgten ab 1862 Instandsetzungsarbeiten an der gesamten Anlage. Dazu gehörte auch eine erneute Restaurierung der Galerie zwischen 1869 und 1874 durch Eugène Labbé und seine Mitarbeiter, die später auch für den Grafen Gaspard Louis Aimé de Clermont-Tonnère im Schloss Ancy-le-Franc aktiv waren.

Beschreibung

Schloss Tanlay ist eine mehrteilige, von einem Schlosspark umgebene Anlage. Ihr dreiflügeliges Hauptgebäude steht auf einer von Wassergräben umgebenen Insel und ist durch ein kleines Torhaus an der südöstlichen Seite der Insel erreichbar. Der Schlossgraben wird von den beiden Bachläufen  und  gespeist, die auch einen großen Kanal im Schlosspark versorgen, und fließt in den Armançon ab. Der Schlossinsel vorgelagert ist der sogenannte Grüne Hof (), an dessen südlichem Rand ein großes Torgebäude mit dem Hauptportal des Schlosses steht. Östlich des Grünen Hofs befinden sich – von diesem durch eine Mauer getrennt – die Wirtschaftsgebäude des Schlosses.

Torbau ()

Eine rund 1,5 Kilometer lange, schnurgerade Lindenallee führt zu einem Torbau im Stil Louis-treize, der den Haupteingang zum Schlossareal bildet. Der Bau aus Haustein wird Kleines Schloss () oder  genannt und ist durch einen vorgelagerten Wassergraben gesichert. Darüber führte früher eine Zugbrücke, die heute eine steinerne Bogenbrücke ersetzt. Die beiden Geschosse des Gebäudes erheben sich auf einem 24×11 Meter messenden Grundriss und sind von einem schiefergedeckten Dach mit reich verzierten Lukarnen abgeschlossen. Seine zwei kurzen Seitenflügel springen risalitartig aus der Mauerflucht hervor. Der monumentale Torbau besitzt ein Sockelgeschoss aus Rustikamauerwerk, das sich in den Eckquaderungen des Gebäudes und in den Fensterrahmungen des ersten Geschosses wiederholt. Das Obergeschoss wird durch korinthische Doppelpilaster vertikal gegliedert, die Fenster dieser Etage sind alle übergiebelt. Ein ornamentaler Fries verläuft unterhalb der Dachtraufe. Über der mittig gelegenen rundbogigen Tordurchfahrt sind noch die Kettenlöcher einer einstigen Zugbrücke erkennbar.

Im Gegensatz zu der sehr aufwändig gestalteten Schaufassade, die den von Südwesten kommenden Besucher begrüßt, ist die zum Grünen Hof gelegene Nordostfassade des Gebäudes wesentlich schlichter gehalten.

Grüner Hof und Wirtschaftshof

Hinter dem Torbau liegt nordöstlich der sogenannte Grüne Hof mit einem Ausmaß von 63×50 Metern. Seine Rasenfläche wird von mehreren geradlinigen Wegen durchschnitten. Während die zum Hauptgebäude zeigende westliche Seite mauerlos ist, wird er an seinen drei übrigen Seiten von einer hohen mit Blendarkaden verzierten Mauer abgeschlossen. Eine mittig in der südöstlichen Mauerpartie gelegene Tür mit dem Relief eines Pferdekopfes in ihrem rundbogigen Giebel zeigt an, dass es sich dabei um den Zugang zum dahinter liegenden Wirtschaftshof mit Marstall handelt. Eine weitere Tür in der Nordostmauer ist mit einem Blumenrelief geschmückt und führt in den Schlossgarten.

Südöstlich des Grünen Hofs liegt der etwa 88×72 Meter messende Wirtschaftshof mit einem niedrigen, dreiflügeligen Gebäude, in dem sich früher unter anderem die Pferdeställe befanden.

Hauptgebäude ()

Eine dreibogige Brücke aus Stein führt vom Grünen Hof über den durchschnittlich 22 Meter breiten Wassergraben zum   genannten Torhaus aus dem 17. Jahrhundert, das früher als Wohnung des Pförtners diente. Vor der Brücke stehen zwei etwa zehn Meter hohe, gemauerte Obelisken, deren Sockel als Schilderhäuschen dienten. Das Torhaus in Manier französischer Pavillonbauten besitzt eine rhythmische Gliederung aus schweren rustizierten Halbsäulen dorischer Ordnung. Auf beiden Seiten seiner Rundbogendurchfahrt finden sich halbrunde Nischen mit darüberliegenden Steintafeln.

Das eigentliche Schloss, das zwecks Unterscheidung zum Torbau gelegentlich auch als  bezeichnet wird, ist ein dreiflügeliger Bau mit Schieferdach, dessen Trakte einen etwa 42×32 Meter messenden Ehrenhof umrahmen. Dieser war an der Südostseite früher durch eine Mauer mit Blendarkatur und Wehrgang abgeschlossen, sie wurde aber im 18. Jahrhundert wegen Baufälligkeit abgerissen und durch die heutige Balustrade ersetzt. Der Hof besitzt gemeinsam mit den drei Flügeln des Schlosses einen Grundriss in Form eines leicht trapezförmigen Vierecks, an dessen Ecken jeweils ein Rundturm mit Kuppeldach und bekrönender Laterne steht. Die beiden gartenseitigen Ecktürme im Norden und Westen – Colignyturm () und Turm der Liga () genannt – sind dreigeschossig und besitzen eine doppelte Laterne, während der südliche Archivturm () und der östliche Kapellenturm () bei einem Durchmesser von zehn Metern nur zwei Geschosse besitzen. Letzterer erhielt den Namen nach der in seinem Inneren eingerichteten Kapelle, was von außen durch ein bekrönendes Kreuz auf der Laterne erkennbar ist.

Die Nordwestseite der Schlossinsel wird komplett durch das zweistöckige  eingenommen, das im Norden und Süden von zwei kurzen Seitenflügeln begrenzt wird. Ihnen schließen sich niedrigere, schmale Trakte an, die im Erdgeschoss zur Hofseite offene Galerien aufweisen. In den beiden Innenecken des Dreiflügelbaus stehen achteckige Treppentürme mit drei Etagen und jeweils einer Wendeltreppe im Inneren. Beide sind von einer polygonalen Haube mit Laterne abgeschlossen. Der südlichere der beiden Türme wird Uhrenturm () genannt und stammt noch von dem durch François de Coligny ausgeführten Schlossneubau aus dem 16. Jahrhundert. Er wurde während der Erweiterungsarbeiten unter Michel Particelli kaum oder gar nicht verändert. Der nördliche Treppenturm kam erst während des 17. Jahrhunderts hinzu. Über den Eingängen beider Türme befinden sich steinerne Wappentafeln. Sie zeigen die Wappen der Familien Coligny und Thévenin. Das Wappen des Uhrenturms ist von der Inschrift PREMIVM VIRTVTIS HONOS begleitet ().

Die hofseitige Fassade des  ist durch Rechteckfenster in sieben Achsen unterteilt. Zwischen ihnen finden sich jeweils Zwillingspilaster. Im Erdgeschoss sind diese toskanischer Ordnung, in der ersten Etage hingegen dorisch. In der Mittelachse findet sich der Haupteingang, über dem in einer Kartusche die Initialen Michel Particelli d'Hémerys (MDPH) prangen. Die klassizistische Gartenfassade des Hauptflügels ist wesentlich schlichter gehalten. Auf Dachhöhe wechseln sich Lukarnen mit Ochsenaugen ab und sind damit eine der wenigen architektonischen Dekorationen.

Im Inneren des  ist viel der alten Innenausstattung sowie antikes Mobiliar erhalten. Dazu zählen zum Beispiel kunstvoll verzierte Boiserien und Möbel aus dem 17. und 18. Jahrhundert; darunter ein Sekretär im Louis-quatorze-Stil sowie ein renaissancezeitlicher Kabinettschrank mit dem Wappen der Herren von Tanlay. Auch sind einige aufwändig gestaltete Kamine noch im Original erhalten, zum Beispiel im sogenannten Zimmer des Erzbischofs () ein mehr als 3,5 Meter hoher Kamin, der mit zwei Karyatiden und figürlichen Reliefs ausgestattet ist, und ein Kamin, den eine Büste des Admirals Coligny dekoriert. Architektonisch verdienen zwei Räume besondere Erwähnung. Bei erstem handelt es sich um das nach Plänen Le Muets geschaffenen Vestibül im Erdgeschoss, das nach acht in Wandnischen stehenden Büsten aus Marmor römischer Kaiser Vestibül der Caesaren () genannt wird. Die Bögen seiner Gewölbedecke ruhen auf vier dorischen Zwillingssäulen, die den Raum in 3×3 Kompartimente unterteilen. Das Vestibül tritt auf der Gartenseite etwas aus der Flucht des Gebäudes hervor und vermittelt so den Eindruck eines kleinen Vorbaus. Darin befindet sich eine vergitterte Tür, deren schmiedeeisernes Gitter in das 16. Jahrhundert datiert und aus der nicht mehr existenten Zisterzienserabtei Quincy ganz in der Nähe von Tanlay stammt. Von dieser Tür führt eine Bogenbrücke über den Wassergaben zum ehemaligen Gartenparterre.

Der zweite bemerkenswerte Raum im Schloss ist der als Galerie gestaltete ehemalige Festsaal im Obergeschoss des . Der 22,5 × 5,5 Meter messende Raum besitzt eine tonnengewölbte Decke und wurde von Rémy Vuibert mit Grisaillemalereien in Trompe-l'œil-Technik bemalt. Seine Wände zeigen abwechselnd von kannelierten Pilastern umrahmte Nischen, in denen Statuen nach antiken Vorbildern abgebildet sind, und vorgetäuschte Trophäen-Reliefs. Deshalb wird der Raum auch Antikengalerie () genannt. Die Decke ist mit einer Malerei verziert, die eine Kassettendecke mit Rosetten und Reliefs imitiert. An einigen Stellen finden sich die Initialen von Étienne Jean Benoît de Thévenin und seines Sohnes Baptiste-Louis, die der Maler Lebec bei einer Restaurierung im Jahr 1805 hinzufügte. Der heutige Zustand des Saals resultiert aus Arbeiten, die der Restaurator Gaston Chauffrey dort 1952 ausführte.

Zwei der Innenräume im 9,4 Meter messenden Turm der Liga besitzen ebenfalls auffällige Malereien. Im Erdgeschoss deuten die maritimen Motive eines Deckengemäldes im pompejianischen Stil darauf hin, dass es sich bei dem Raum um das Arbeitszimmer des Admirals Gaspard II. de Coligny gehandelt haben könnte. Zwischen Grotesken und Trophäensind dort unter anderem Fische, Krabben, Delphine, Molche und Schildkröten zu sehen.

Im zweiten Obergeschoss des Turms findet sich am Kuppelgewölbe eine allegorische Deckenmalerei, die Mitglieder des katholischen Valois-Königshofes unter Katharina von Medici sowie Angehörige der protestantischen Hugenotten-Partei als antike Götter personifiziert. Der Raum wird deshalb Olympkabinett () genannt. Das Werk ist unvollendet, denn ein Teil besteht nur aus auf die Decke aufgebrachten Umrisszeichnungen. Vermutlich hatte der königliche Haftbefehl gegen François de Coligny und die daraufhin erfolgte Flucht seiner Familie nach Noyers den sofortigen Stopp aller Bauarbeiten und damit auch der Innendekoration zur Folge. Der Urheber des Gemäldes konnte bisher nicht identifiziert werden, vielleicht handelt es sich dabei um einen Künstler namens Larme, der 1568 im Corps de Logis tätig war. In der Allegorie sind die wichtigsten Akteure der französischen Religionskriege versammelt. Katholiken werden dabei als Sinnbild von Lastern und Krieg dargestellt, während Hugenotten für Ideale und Tugenden stehen. In der Mitte der beiden Parteien steht Janus, dessen erstes Gesicht grimmig in Richtung der Protestanten schaut, während sein zweites Gesicht den Katholiken zulächelt. Welche Gottheit welchen Zeitgenossen repräsentiert ist noch nicht komplett entschlüsselt. Der Künstler könnte sich dafür  an einem Werk Pierre de Ronsards orientiert haben. In Frage kommt dafür unter anderem seine  aus dem Band  seines Gesamtwerks und das Gedicht . Je nachdem welches Werk bei der Interpretation zugrunde gelegt wird, ergeben sich zum Teil unterschiedliche Zuordnungen. Zu sehen sein könnten unter anderem Diana von Poitiers (Diana oder Venus), François de Coligny (Herkules), Gaspard II. de Coligny (Neptun), Katharina von Medici (Juno oder Minerva), Odet de Coligny (Herkules), Henri I. de Lorraine, duc de Guise (Mars), Margarete von Valois (Minerva), Renée de France (Themis), Charles de Lorraine-Guise (Merkur), Anne de Montmorency (Mars), sowie der französische König Karl IX. (Pluto, Janus oder Jupiter). Der Künstler dieser vor 1569 geschaffenen Seccomalerei aus Temperafarben ist der Schule von Fontainebleau zuzurechnen. Sein Deckengemälde ist offensichtlich von Werken Primaticcios und Rosso Fiorentinos inspiriert. Aus Fiorentinos Serie  () dienten ihm zum Beispiel Juno mit Pfau, Merkur und Proserpina als Vorlage für seine Gottheiten.  Aus dem zwischen 1541 und 1543 für das Kabinett Franz' I. im Schloss Fontainebleau gefertigten Gemälde  von Primaticcio stammen die Vorbilder für die Figuren, die sich mit Hämmern um einen Amboss gruppieren.

Schlosspark

Ein Teil des etwa 58 Hektar großen Schlossparks ist von einer rund 4400 Meter langen Mauer eingefasst. Ein Großteil seiner Fläche wird heute als Golfplatz genutzt. Der Park wurde im französischen Stil angelegt und ist von einem Netz geradliniger Wege durchzogen. Auffälligstes Gestaltungsmerkmal ist der 526 Meter lange und 25 Meter breite Kanal, an dessen östlichem Ende als Point de vue ein kleines klassizistisches Wasserschloss mit dorischen Säulen steht. Gesäumt ist der Kanal von Bäumen, die mehr als 100 Jahre alt sind.

Literatur

Hauptliteratur

 Raymond Colas: Tanlay. In: Françoise Vignier: Dictionnaire des châteaux de France. Bourgogne, Nivernais. Berger-Levrault, Paris 1980, ISBN 2-7013-0363-X, S. 305–306.
 Gérard Denizeau: Larousse des châteaux. Larousse, Paris 2005, ISBN 2-03-505483-4, S. 242–245.
 Claude Frégnac: Merveilles des châteaux de Bourgogne et de Franche-Comté. Hachette, Paris 1969, S. 160–165.
 Louis Hautecœur: Château de Tanlay. In: Société Francaise d'Archéologie (Hrsg.): Congrès Archéologique de France. 1958. Société Francaise d'Archéologie, Paris 1959, S. 244–250.
 Eugène Lambert: Recherches historiques sur Tanlay. Band 2. A. Tissier, Joigny 1886 (Digitalisat).
 Albert Larcher: Le château de Tanlay, ses possesseurs successifs, ses constructeurs. In: Bulletin annuel de la Société d'Archéologie et d'Histoire du Tonnerrois (SAHT). Band 31. Société d'Archéologie et d'Histoire du Tonnerrois, Tonnerre 1978, , S. 27–40.
 Bernhard und Ulrike Laule, Heinfried Wischermann: Kunstdenkmäler in Burgund. Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, Darmstadt 1991, S. 461–462.
 Victor Petit: Guide pittoresque dans le département de l'Yonne. In: Annuaire historique du département de l'Yonne. Millon, Auxerre 1855, S. 438–443 (Digitalisat).
 Cathrin Rummel (Red.): Frankreichs schönste Schlösser und Burgen. 109 herrschaftliche Residenzen. 1. Auflage. Travel House Media, München 2012, ISBN 978-3-8342-8944-5, S. 150–153.
 Claude Sauvageot:  Palais, châteaux, hôtels et maisons de France du XVe au XVIIIe siècle. Band 1. Morel, Paris 1867, S. 37–54 (Digitalisat).
 Marguerite de Tanlay: Le château de Tanlay. 3. Auflage. Hautes-Vosges Imprimérie, Saint-Dié 1982.

Weiterführende Literatur

 Marguerite G. Christol: La fresque du Château de Tanlay. In: Bulletin de la Société de l'Histoire du Protestantisme Français. Jg. 102, Nr. 4, 1956, , S. 231–236 (Digitalisat bei JSTOR (kostenpflichtig)).
 Magali Bélime Droguet: Au château de Tanlay. Un exceptionnel ensemble de décors peints. In: L'Estampille. L'objet d'art. Nr. 369, Mai 2002, , S. 62–71.
 Judith Kagan: La galerie des antiques du château de Tanlay. In: Monumental. 2. März 1993, .
 Albert Larcher: Essai sur les peintures décoratives des châteaux de Tanlay, de Maulnes et d'Ancy-le-Franc. In: Bulletin annuel de la Société d'Archéologie et d'Histoire du Tonnerrois (SAHT). Band 23. Société d'Archéologie et d'Histoire du Tonnerrois, Tonnerre 1970, , S. 79–87.
 Charles Oulmont: La fresque de la tour de la Ligue au Château de Tanlay. In: La Revue de l'art ancien et moderne. Band 64, 1933, S. 183–184 (Digitalisat).
 Frédéric Edouard Schneegans: À propos d'une note sur une fresque mythologique du XVIe siècle. In: Humanisme et Renaissance. Band 2, Nr. 4, 1935, , S. 441–444 (Digitalisat bei JSTOR (kostenpflichtig)).
 Les incroyables fresques de Tanlay. In: Connaissance des arts. Nr. 55, 1956, , S. 74–79.

Weblinks

 Website des Schlosses

 Fotos aus der Base Mémoire

Fußnoten
B. und U. Laule, H. Wischermann: Kunstdenkmäler in Burgund, S. 462.

Tanlay
Tanlay
Renaissancebauwerk in Frankreich
Tanlay
Erbaut im 16. Jahrhundert
Tanlay
Tanlay
Monument historique seit 1994
Tanlay
Schloss

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia