Types of contractors that require a license are: General Contractors, Home Builders, General Remodelers, Concrete Contractors, Framing Contractors, Siding Contractors, Roofing Contractors, Drywall Contractors, Trim Contractors, Steel Erectors, Fire Protection Contractors, Swimming Pool Contractors, Insulating Contractors, Window Contractors, etc.
Take a test in office and pass with a minimum of 70% correct.
Application will be reviewed by H.V.A.C. Board. They will notify applicant whether or not they qualify to take the exam. If applicant passes exam (passing is a minimum of 70% correct), a license shall be granted.
or St. Joseph County. Testing accomplished by a professional testing company/organization or a current license with similar or greater testing standards may be accepted in lieu of the testing provisions identified herein at the discretion of the Building Commissioner.
Applications are reviewed and tests are given twice a year; one in March and the second in September. See application for further details.
You may also view the PDF version of this document for saving or printing purposes.


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Boeing 'force field' as seen in Star Trek registered at US patent office
By Christian Nordqvist Published Mar 23, 2015 at 12:10 PM GMT
The Boeing Company, the aerospace and defence giant, has obtained a patent for a Star Trek-style "force field" technology aimed at protecting military vehicles from explosions and shockwaves. The technology could also be used to protect other potential targets such as buildings.
According to the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO), the design (Patent number: US 8,981,261 B1) is named 'Method and system for shockwave attenuation via electromagnetic arc'.
It uses energy to repel the impact of shockwaves and explosions.
This artist's impression accompanies the patent registration. (Image: USPTO)
Obviously, the Boeing patent is nowhere near as powerful as the Star Trek force fields that protect the spaceship US Enterprise from Cardassian or Romulan attacks. However, it could stop a vehicle and its driver and passengers from being injured or damaged.
The technique, a shockwave attenuation (reduction) system, comprises two systems:
1. A sensor which detects a shockwave-producing explosion.
2. An arc generator which receives signals from the sensor to use energy to deflect the impact of the explosion.
According to Boeing, the technology reduces the energy density of the shockwave by creating a second medium in the path of the advancing shockwave that deflects, absorbs, refracts and reflects at least a portion of the shockwave.
Boeing wrote in the registered Patent:
"Damage from shockwaves may be lessened or prevented by interposing an attenuating material between the shockwave source and the object to be protected."
"This attenuating material typically may be designed or selected to absorb the energy from the shockwave by utilizing a porous material that distorts as the energy of the shockwave is absorbed."
The force field does not however, stop a direct hit.
Video – Boeing patents force field

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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EntertainmentFilm, TV & Book Reviews
Film review: The Boy ***
By Preston Wilder February 2, 2016 February 2, 2016 1158
By Preston Wilder
A girl, a spooky house, a doll: IT'S ALIVE!!! Actually, that's what you don't know – and what I'm not allowed to divulge – though in fact every creepy-doll movie should be titled 'It's Alive!!!'. That's the only real question, and what keeps us watching. Did that doll just move? Did it blink? If the camera keeps staring at it, will it suddenly twitch and freak us all out? It's a doll, of course. It can't be alive. But what if it is?
Dolls have always been reliably frightening – the classics being probably the ventriloquist's dummy in Dead of Night (1945) and the evil thing that jigs into frame in Dario Argento's Deep Red (1975) – and creepy dolls, or more accurately possessed dolls, are back in fashion after the surprise success of Annabelle. Hence The Boy, a low-budget psychological horror that's actually much better than Annabelle, adding to the mix a spooky mansion in rural England and a smidgen of Rosemary's Baby – the disturbing notion that a woman's maternal instincts may end up making her complicit in demonic conspiracy.
Greta (Lauren Cohan) is a young American hired as a nanny by an elderly couple to look after 'Brahms', their little boy – but Brahms, it turns out, is a doll, a life-sized doll with a shiny translucent complexion and unnervingly human eyes. The real Brahms died in a fire 20 years ago, and the doll is a kind of consolation for 'Mummy' and 'Daddy' – though of course this can never be admitted. The doll is 'real' and must be treated like a real boy, dressed and read-to and kissed goodnight. I know how this looks to an outsider, Daddy tells Greta – but "our son is here. He's very much with us". If you say so, old English weirdo.
Greta is a bit taken aback, but she doesn't really mind; the money's good and besides she needs to lay low for a while, being on the run from a violent boyfriend. She's even more taken aback when the parents leave a couple of days later, going on holiday and abandoning Brahms in her care, but she takes it well enough. After all, Brahms is only a doll (it's not like IT'S ALIVE!!!, right?). Greta settles in, makes herself a peanut-butter sandwich and doesn't even bother to glance at the list of "rules" on how to care for the little fellow. Yes – but why did Mummy whisper "I'm so sorry…" in her ear as she and Daddy were filing out? And why do her clothes keep disappearing? And why are there rat-traps in the garden, and why are the windows sealed shut? And why is Brahms suddenly here when she's sure she left him over there? A doll can't move around by itself – can it?
I should probably say no more – though in fact what I've described is only the first act of the movie. The script, by a promising first-timer called Stacey Menear, has an old-fashioned three-act structure, plays surprisingly fair – almost everything we learn turns out to be relevant – and also gets resolved in an old-fashioned way, the way supernatural dramas used to be resolved 30 years ago (OK, I really shouldn't say any more). The old-house setting may recall The Woman in Black, but unlike that film – which spent 90 minutes trying to make Daniel Radcliffe (and the audience) jump as often as possible – The Boy is a slow-burner with only a couple of jolts, banking mainly on the strangeness of the concept and the lingering inappropriateness of a child-sized mannequin being treated like a child.
In the end, a doll is like a dark room. It's scary when a horror-movie hero walks into a dark room, because there's nothing there: the darkness conceals everything. If nothing is visible, everything is imaginable – just like a doll offers nothing, a painted and lacquered face that could hide boundless evil or nothing at all; it's the uncertainty that's terrifying. In her nightmares, Greta sees Brahms coming alive. His china head swivels by itself, the eyes seem possessed with human feelings. "If there's a spirit in this house, give me a sign!" she cries out desperately – but all she can see is a doll staring blankly, reflecting her own feelings back at her, the painted face giving nothing away. IT'S ALIVE!!! Or is it?
DIRECTED BY William Brent Bell
STARRING Lauren Cohan, Rupert Evans, James Russell
US 2015 97 mins
The happy side of running
Unemployment rate stable at 15.7% in December, Eurostat says
Preston Wilder
Performance event inspired by Andreas Karayan's exhibition
TV Shows We Love: Russian Doll
Antigoni Pitta January 27, 2023 January 24, 2023


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Opportunity amid the Crisis with Pakistan
December 9, 2011 Topic: CounterinsurgencyDefenseMilitary StrategySanctionsRogue StatesTerrorism Region: AfghanistanPakistan
This is not a time for Washington to lose its nerve. The current debacle can be transformed into a better future for U.S.-Pakistani relations.
by Zalmay Khalilzad
The U.S. air strikes that killed Pakistani troops near the border with Afghanistan have created yet another in a series of crises in U.S.-Pakistan relations. To his credit, President Obama rejected the State Department's advice to apologize for the incident. But so far, the United States has focused on tactical responses to reduce tensions. Even if the United States manages this situation, such crises are inevitable as long as Pakistan continues its support for insurgent groups at war with coalition and Afghan forces. What is necessary is a broader plan to change the strategic context and end Pakistani support for the insurgency.
American-Pakistani discussion should focus on two subjects. First, the United States should explain the risks that Pakistan faces if it continues its current policy. Pakistani leaders must appreciate that clashes along the border are inevitable if Pakistan continues training, arming, financing and directing insurgent forces in Afghanistan. In addition, the U.S. Congress will inevitably curtail or condition all military and economic assistance to Pakistan on its cooperation on Afghanistan. Meanwhile, Afghanistan will be pushed to develop a closer security relationship with India, Pakistan's regional rival.
Second, the United States should offer a package of benefits and rewards if Pakistan cooperates and brings the Taliban and other insurgents to the negotiating table. In these talks, the United States should commit to work for a settlement that will take into account Pakistan's legitimate interests. The settlement should allow insurgents to join Afghanistan's political process provided that they lay down their arms, break ties with al-Qaeda and accept an Afghan constitution. At the same time, Pakistan should commit to breaking with and targeting insurgents who refuse to pursue a political settlement.
The Obama administration faces a challenge in making both elements credible. Many in the Pakistan military leadership believe that the United States is on its way out of the region. They point to problematic U.S. relations with the Afghan government, which call into question whether the United States can conclude a meaningful, long-term strategic partnership with Afghanistan after Afghan forces assume sole responsibility for the country's security after 2014. They also believe that the growing distance between the Afghan government and its people means the government in Kabul will be a weak player after the U.S. drawdown. In this view, time is on Pakistan's side.
Should Pakistan nevertheless refuse to cooperate, the United States must be willing to escalate pressure on Pakistan while keeping the door open for future cooperation. So far, the indicators are not good. Pakistanis are projecting defiance. They are refusing to send senior representatives to the Bonn conference to address the problems of Afghanistan. They are trumpeting their rights as a sovereign country. Yet the United States and Afghanistan also have rights. We have the rights of individual and collective self-defense under international law. ISAF forces operate under a U.N. Security Council mandate and at the request of the Afghan government.
If the United States acts with determination, Pakistan might recalculate the risks of its policy, just as Islamabad did in the aftermath of 9/11 when it abandoned the Taliban regime in the face of U.S. pressure.
This is not a time for the United States to lose its nerve. While twenty-four Pakistani troops died in the recent clash, the United States and its other allies have lost more than a thousand troops fighting the insurgents. Many more Afghan military, police and civilians have been killed by those who are given sanctuary and support by the Pakistani military. With calibrated diplomacy, the United States can seize the opportunity inherent in the current crisis.
Zalmay Khalilzad is a counselor at the Center for Strategic and International Studies. From 2007 to 2009, he served as U.S. permanent representative to the United Nations. He has also previously served as U.S. ambassador to Iraq, as well as U.S. ambassador to Afghanistan and also as special presidential envoy to Afghanistan.


I know, I know - rain falls, some soaks into the ground, and the run-off forms small streams, and when several streams combine, they make small rivers, then they combine and make big rivers.
But at the moment, the rivers near to us are running fine - a little low, but certainly not dried up. So given that we've had next to no rainfall in Yorkshire for the last month or so, where is the water coming from? There is a huge amount still in the rivers for it to be coming from groundwater, and we see very clearly the increase when we have a heavy deluge, but don't seen an enormous drop when there is a bit of a drought.
Re: Perhaps a silly question, but where does the water come from in rivers?
The water is coming from underwater or hidden springs. I really can't see any other answer... apart from it coming from a very leaky Southern Water water mains. But that sounds a bit off the wall. So I'd say it has to be coming from hidden springs. But, I could be wrong. Am I?


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Vera Weber
PIANO | VOICE
Vera Marie Weber is a classical pianist, piano teacher, music producer, film-composer, and professional singer. She has been playing piano since age 5, and it has been her main focus for the majority of her music career. She regularly performs in LA venues such as the Roy and Edna Disney CalArts Theater (REDCAT) at Walt Disney Concert Hall.
Vera was a consistent winner of prestigious piano competitions in the Music Teachers Association of California. She has also composed music for over 12 films in various genres, which have been shown in film festivals around the world. In 2016 Vera was nominated for "best film score" at the Revolution Me Film Festival in Brooklyn, New York. Since age 16, Vera has been composer assistant for her father and mentor Matthias Weber, an academy award-winning film composer in Germany and Austria.
Vera sings, writes, produces, and plays mandolin in the music group Primero Sueño, a world-folk band based in Los Angeles. Vera went on tour with Primero Sueño in Mexico in 2017, and has performed/recorded at The Troubadour, Capitol Records, and the Museum of Latin American Art. Vera sings in German, Spanish, and English.
Over the last 6 years, Vera has combined her professional career with her passion for education


text:
Supporting People who Speak Out
Reports and Policy Submissions
Analysis of Whistleblower Protection Laws
Whistleblowing Policy Standards
Blueprint's Free Library of Laws Impacting on Whistleblowing Protection
The Blueprint Team
What do Europeans think about whistleblowing?
Meet the Whistleblowers
Ricochet Refresh
Home Archive for Tag:
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arbuthnot, assange, belmarsh, extradition, health, sweden, UK, UK
Assange Too Ill for London Court Video Hearing, Outcry Grows
With Assange admitted to the hospital wing at Belmarsh prison in Southeast London, fears are mounting about his deteriorating health
Blueprint for Free Speech is non-profit charity that works internationally to promote the right to freedom of expression. Our research and advocacy strive to defend Article 19 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which asserts the right to freedom of opinion and expression for all people.
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Are you remodelling your bathroom? It can be an exciting time, but there's a lot to keep in mind. Renovating an out of date bathroom can be very costly, and if you want to avoid an expensive mistake you need to consider a number of things before you make your final decisions about what to buy and which design to use.
Here are five things that you should consider before you commence your bathroom remodel. With these things in mind, you'll end up with a beautiful, modern bathroom that will be stylish yet functional.
Your toilet is number one on your list of priorities. Everyone needs a comfortable toilet which works perfectly and which looks good in your bathroom. Everyone knows that a toilet needs to be functional but choosing one which looks good too is pretty important.
When you're choosing a toilet, think about whether you'll choose a standard model or a wall-mounted fitting. Wall mounted fittings are contemporary-looking and they're also stylish. If you want to save space, this is a good option for you too since the cistern goes into the wall. However, if you ever change your mind and want to revert to an original style toilet you'll need to completely replumb everything so make sure it's really what you want to do before you make this drastic change.
Something less drastic to choose is the shape of your toilet. There are elongated, round and even square bowls on the market these days. If you're looking for a contemporary feel, a square toilet is the perfect choice and won't take up a lot of floor space in your bathroom. Check out homeworthylist.com to find reviews of the best models on the market.
If you're wondering whether you should get rid of your bathtub in favor of a larger shower, think carefully before you make your final choice. Showers are very popular today, however if you ever plan to sell your property you may want to consider the possibility of families looking elsewhere because of a lack of a bathtub. The best compromise is to have both a shower stall and a bathtub, however if you have a tub in another bathroom of your home you can feel free to take out the tub in the bathroom you're remodelling.
Choosing the right light for your bathroom is essential for the right atmosphere. Everyone wants a relaxing bathroom experience, and lighting is key to that. Why not install recessed lighting in your ceiling? You'll be able to benefit from the additional brightness that this type of LED lighting can offer and you won't have to worry about dangling pendants spoiling the look of your space.
Getting your bathroom flooring right is key to getting the perfect finish for your space. Carpet is never a good idea in a bathroom for the obvious reasons, but you can choose between laminates, tiles or vinyl. Tiles are often a good choice, but the grout can be difficult to clean. Another option is to choose tiles which look like wood. These are not only stylish but are simple to clean and create a more rustic feel. Many tiles of this type are also suitable to use with underfloor heating so your floor will feel cozy and warm on your feet even in the winter months.
When redecorating your bathroom it's often best to go with neutral colors rather than dramatic looks which will rapidly date. Bathrooms are costly to renovate as you already know, so you don't want to have to carry out the whole operation again in a couple of years when your look is hopefully outdated. Instead, opt for whites, creams, beiges or greys. That way, you can pair it with flashes and pops of brighter and more vibrant shades in the form of towels, bath mats and shower curtains which can easily be switched for an affordable price when you're tired of that particular look.
With these five things in mind as you renovate your bathroom you're sure to avoid making costly mistakes which will be difficult to rectify. Enjoy your lovely new bathroom!


A city of temples, beaches and world-class educational institutions, Chennai is a place that ticks all the right boxes. If you are planning a visit to this beautiful city or have been a resident your entire life (and never got around exploring it), here are some of the most fun things to do in Chennai.
The list is endless because not only Chennai but its neighbours and some of the exotic locations on its outskirts also offer a chance to make memories. But, we have tried to keep it short, and this can be your starting point to finally getting out there and trying some awesome things in this picture-perfect city.
Have you always been a beach bum? Then, spending a couple of hours at one of the longest beach in India should be a no-brainer. Visit the beach during the season of spring or autumn to enjoy the powdery sand and clear water even more. If you plan to stay back till late in the evening, gorge on seafood delicacies sold by the shacks and stalls here.
Or how about making your own sand castles and playing in the shallow end of the ocean? It makes a beach visit even more fun. Plus, indulging in some light beach games like beach volleyball would be one of the most fun things to do in Chennai. While getting the names of your partner and yourself etched on a single grain of rice remains a popular thing to do in Chennai for couples.
Arignar Anna Zoological Park or Vandalur Zoo is perfect for spending some quality time with your family and kids. Spread on a sprawling 602 hectares, this is one of the largest zoological parks in India. You can find approximately 2500 species of flora and fauna across the length and breadth of this beautiful zoo. Apart from watching such diverse type of animals, mammals and fishes, do spend some time with the 46 endangered species too.
In the past years, Chennai's nightlife has evolved from a few high-end pubs to a diverse range of lounges and resto-bars. Whether you want to have a crazy karaoke session with your friends or simply groove to the hippest tunes, this city has got you covered.
Love water parks and thrilling rides? A day at VGP Universal Kingdom is all you need. Whether you want to spend some time with your family or simply laze around the pools with your friends, there is a lot to do at both these places. While you are at the VGP Universal Kingdom, ride on Circus Train or Lazy River. If you are more inclined towards thrilling rides, there is Go Karting, Top Gun, Flying Carpet and Water Chute.
Read our blog on the most popular water and amusement parks in Chennai to know about more such amazing places.
Fun City hosts one of the biggest gaming arcades in all of South Asia. It is considered as one of the top enjoyment places in Chennai for everyone, from kids to teenagers and even adults. Located in Express Avenue Mall, this entertainment zone has several activities for people who just want to hang out with their friends or kids.
Both Covelong and Muttukadu beaches seem underrated when it comes to some of the must-visit attractions of Chennai. Tranquil, these beaches are still untouched by the usual tourist crowd, making it all the more appealing. Moreover, with plenty of adventure sports agencies right by the beach, you can try everything from parasailing and surfing to scuba diving and jet skiing.
P.S: Apart from trying water sports, you can also enjoy an hour or two of leisure fishing at Covelong Beach. It is one of the most therapeutic things to do in Chennai, plus you get to take back the catch of the day and have it roasted at one of the shacks.
Visiting South India and not attending one of its music or dance festivals is simply not acceptable. Moreover, if you browse through the list of 100 things to do in Chennai, attending the Margazhi Music Festival would be somewhere At the top.
Coming to this beautiful festival, it spans over 6 days, usually starting in December every year. A fiesta and celebration of the performing arts of South India, it features soulful Carnatic music performances by some of the renowned names in the field. Of course, if you are an ardent admirer of South Indian dance forms, do check out the itinerary and find the dates when Bharatanatyam or Kuchipudi will be hosted.
This beautiful highway, connecting Chennai to Pondicherry, has become extremely popular for those long drives after work hours. Not only the end destination, but the entire route is scenic and lined with amusement parks and restaurants, where you can stop by and replenish yourself.
So what are you waiting for? Get your car fuelled up and embark on a road trip this weekend.
If insects intrigue you and snakes don't scare you, Guindy National Park should be next on your itinerary. From some of the rarest varieties of flora to several species of snakes, crocodiles, alligators and earthworms, this place is unlike other conservation centres and worth a visit. Some of the species to watch out for include king cobra, python, turtle and monitor lizard.
P.S: It is one of the smallest national park in India, so a couple of hours will be enough to explore the entire park.
While these things can be done inside the city, there are plenty of major attractions just outside it as well. If you have a little more time, say a weekend, do visit the nearby hill stations and coffee plantations.
There are plenty of things to do in Chennai which you won't find anywhere else. So make sure you plan your itinerary in advance. If we missed anything, do let us know.


Helping to create your Special Day is just as important to us as it is to you.
As a privately owned hotel we take great pride in helping you make your special day everything you dreamt it would be. With the award winning Longsands beach as the backdrop to your photographs, the Grand Hotel in Tynemouth is a stunning North East Wedding Venue.
Our highly experienced Wedding Events Team's attention to detail is second to none, ensuring you spend your celebration at one of the best wedding venues the North East has to offer. Our unique, stunning coastal views make an impressive backdrop to your wedding album photographs. Let us make your day, a day to remember at one of the North Easts most unique wedding venues.
We also hold a Marriage License to hold Civil Ceremonies on the premises. We can accommodate up to 140 of your closest friends and family.
The local registrar is able to perform your civil wedding ceremony in either our beautiful Oak Room or Orchid Suite thus removing the need for you and your guests to travel between Wedding Ceremony and Wedding Function Venues.
Our Chef has personally created a delicious selection of menus for your Wedding Breakfast. Should there be something particular you have in mind our Wedding Coordinators are always on hand to help. Once the formalities are over, our resident DJ will help you entertain guests and dance into the sunset!
We offer a truly bespoke service to ensure your individual requirements are catered for, or you can browse our inclusive wedding packages to ensure every detail is addressed.
We don't have any reviews for Grand Hotel Tynemouth yet.


While some theme frameworks like Genesis have a built-in option for quickly adding code and scripts to your WordPress header or footer, we here at WPBeginner have worked on numerous sites and custom themes where this functionality doesn't exist. Most users, however, will certainly want to add some sort of meta information or Google Analytics to their WordPress blog at some point.
To solve this problem, and empower the users, we use a custom plugin on our sites called Insert Headers and Footers for WordPress. Not only is it extremely simple and easy to use without a bunch of confusing options, the biggest advantage is that instead of having to use a dozen different plugins to add various scripts and meta tags to your header or footer you can just add them all in one spot. In this tutorial we are going to show you how to insert code to you WordPress header or footer using this simple plugin.
First, download and install Insert Headers and Footers for WordPress. Now go to Settings » Insert Headers and Footers.
Here you see two text boxes where you can add your code. Simply copy and paste any meta information, scripts, Google Analytics, etc. and click "save settings". This code will now be output to either your header or you footer.
Cant update "Insert Headers and Footers Plugin".
What role is needed to access this plugin – is it for admins only or can it be provided to editors too?
The plugin is set up to only allow admins access at the moment.
After I insert the Header code, when I click "save", will auto link to Page 404 error. How can I fix it?
As long as you paste the code so it is separate code then you certainly can.
I have another plugin it seems to work almost exactly the same way only it can be used on a single page or customized as to which pages the script is added.
I am trying the WpBeginner plugin just because I trust y'all.
Am I likely to run into problems having both added to my site?
Using yours for the whole site, and the other one for adding something only to the header or footer of an individual page?
I'm trying to update something in my footer section.
I have already downloaded and installed/ used this plug in previously and it is working currently. However, when I try to go edit it, when my cursor is hovering over settings…. no drop out menu appears to go to –>insert header and footer. It only takes me to my account setting page. Please help me because I need to update my mailing list options asap! Thank you!
If you go to your settings area, it should expand the other options for you to be able to see the Insert Headers and Footers menu item.
I tried saving the plugin when I added my google search console code, it redirected me to error 404.
Should i deactivate and delete the plugin after inserting the code?
Will the code be deleted as soon as the plugin is deactivated?
You would want to leave the plugin active, if you deactivate the plugin the code you've added will no longer be included.
Hello. I've been using this plugin for some time and find it invaluable.
However, I am about to update to WordPress 5 but on the download page, it says 'Compatible up to 4.9.9'. This makes me wary – will it work with 5 and are there plans to update it? Thank you.
Thanks for recommending the Header and Footer plugin, and I have added code to just a single post only to prevent any issues.
Try uninstalling the plugin to see if that fixes your issue.
I have added this to my site. It reads it just fine, but prints the code across the top of my header bar EVERY time! Not sure how to fix this.
You would add the new code on the next line as if you copied the entire code for each they should close themselves.
How do I add a HTLM code in the header of my theme. I dont quite understand where it is. I use Xtheme and some people said to go to appearance and editor, but I dont have no editor.
I want to ask you about this plugin.
Can I put more than one code from different sites (eg Google Analytics code, Webmaster's code, and Adsense ad code) Will the number of codes affects their performance because I see a difference in terms of visitors Google Analytics and WordPress analytics(WP Statistics)?
And the difference between placing the code in the header and in the footer?
I hope you will respond quickly.
Yes you can add code from multiple sites like Analytics, Webmaster tools, and so on.
Hi, is it possible use this plugin to add more scripts? For example i need to add the AdSense and PushCrew codes.
If possible, just copy the code one under the other?
How do I use that bolean filter if I want to disable the header on page 65?
Here is the sample code that you can use to exclude header from any page using the page ID.
Code added under your footer or header code in the plugin?
No, this code will be added in your theme's functions.php file.
So far so good. I've been trying to search your site for code to insert line breaks and center text. Any urls to these explanations?
Thank you so so much. That solved my problem. I would also love to know if there's a way to solve the error code I get in my theme codes. I've got 53 error when I view the source code.
This has been quite helpful!
I've installed header and footer plugin, entered the relevant code and saved it. When I look in header script in header editor I can't see the relevant code I've just entered. Please advise.
Hello, is there a way to insert header code only to certain posts or to posts in a certain category?
When I try to add header code using the plug in I get a 403 forbidden page. How do I get around this? I temporarily tried to turn off my security but that didn't help.
Please see our guide on how to fix 403 forbidden error in WordPress.
currently, I need to set this for every sub-site plugin config.
is there any way to have the plugin option of this menu under network option or something and not per sub-site.
is there any other option i can use/do.
Hey, is there anyway to check if the code has been inserted ? Can't detect it in my site source code nor in the headers.php file. Is is possible for this plugin to not be working ?
Once you add the code and save your changes you will be able to see the code in your site's source code. For header code you will find it between <head> and </head> tags. Footer code will be added before the </body> tag.
Is there a way to use this to add an image in the header that does not replace the existing header? In other words, I already have a logo there on the left, and a search bar with social media links on the right. The center is empty. I want to add an image widget which links to the source page of the image. I have the widget code ready to insert, but there is no HTML showing in the header.php file. I do not know PHP (i do know HTML quite well).
I added the widget to the footer, which was easy because in my theme there IS HTML (an HTML table) in the footer. But it is supposed to be at the top of the pages.
You can safely install the plugin. For more on this topic please see our article should you install plugins not tested for your WordPress version.
So, can I disable this notification after install anywhere?
I don't need all my multisite clients to see this notification!!
When I add my code into the header or footer section in the plugin, does it apply it across all my pages? Thanks.
Yes, it would apply to all pages on your website.
How do i add the code to a single page header (not a post) so it appears only on that page?
Don't forget to replace 22 with your actual page ID.
hi, I just re-added my footer widget embedded code, it's from keyreply.
I don't know what's went wrong, I could see my footer widget from my pc(while I am logged in WP), however any other devices(pc or mobile phone), the widget is not showing. any ideas?
I installed the insert headers and footers plugin on my clients WordPress site but when I click on it under settings it just shows a blank page. There are no fields available for me to insert text into.
Please take a look at Adsanity plugin.
Hi, I love the simplicity of this plugin. There is one annoying point however.
How can I disable the dashboard notice "Thank you for installing…." in a multisite set up.
I don't need all my client sites seeing that notice.
A solution that doesn't involve another plugin would be appreciated, preferably I can just remove an action or something.
Adsense give me copy code in to my site (between head) , where I can put code into my site?? I use premium plan!
You cannot use Adsense on WordPress.com premium plan, you will need at least their business plan for that. Please see our guide on the difference between self hosted WordPress.org vs free WordPress.com blog.
Your team member has tried to resolve my issue and they are on time .. but i just saw this place where we can leave a reply..
OR the other option is to add a new page with their code which is .html . i tried to copy paste as but it remains as such. IS IT BECAUSE MY SITE IS PHP SUPPORT AND THE CODE IS HTML OR HOW?
Hope to recieve your advice and feedback.
The meta tags are located in your website's HTML code. They are added in the header section or at the end. Meta tags are not visible on your website and do not make any change to your website's appearance. You can still view the meta tag by viewing the source or using the inspect tool.
I have added the header/footer plug in. I added my facebook pixel code and hit saved. But how to I install this code to specific pages of my website so I can track certain conversions?
I use this plug-in all the time with no issues. Today, I installed it and added my code needed into the correct area. Every page is showing the code except the home page. Any idea why every page would have the code except the home page?
This post doesn't teach what script to put in the footer though. What simple script can I use to get started? I just want a simple footer.
I am having an issue her. It would be very helpful of you to resolve my issue.
I have to add the code of google adsense in the header of my website, but earlier i had added the instant article code in the header, now what shold i do to keep both of them?
wp_unslash() is a standard WordPress core function since WordPress 3.6. If you are using an older version of WordPress, then you need to update WordPress.
If you are using the latest version of WordPress and still seeing this error, then let us know and we will help you troubleshoot.
Hi. I am inserting a MailChimp popup script into the footer and this breaks my WP main navigation menu. Any idea why or how to fix it ? I just upgraded to your latest plugin version but the problem persists. Thanks.
Anyone have any idea why I have this problem ?
I can't see any editor on appearance..
I need to put webmaster tool verify meta code in how can I edit the header?
Thank you very much. Please where can I paste Google AdSense code in this plugin, header or footer?
Can i add Adsense ad code on WordPress after using mobile???
Hi, can this still be used to insert the code that one is given for verification of a Google Adsense account?
Yes it can be used for that.
This issue has been fixed in version 1.4.1, please update the plugin.


@Cosats : we am not blind to because it is successful. It is fulfilling a niche that was nonetheless to be filled on a Switch before to a arrival, though it is a step back, we feel, from identical program on before platforms, including Wii Fit and EA Active.
I would jump during a inheritor to Wii Fit, though we see small value in this, that usually offers maybe 5% of a calm of a Wii Fit titles.
I am also not of abounding mass, so a pretension with a broader operation of exercises and customisation options is what I'm after. If we were any skinnier than we already am, I'd be anorexic.


text:
Filtered Moonlight
At the end of March Venus was at it's greatest elongation. That is when the 2nd planet from the Sun is at it's highest and brightest in Earth's sky. Outshining every star and planet, it's even bright enough to see during the day under the right conditions. Because Venus is an inferior planet orbiting inside Earth's orbit, it never strays more than 47° from the Sun. When Venus is east of the Sun it is the Evening Star. But when it is west of the Sun it becomes the Morning Star. Counterintuitively Venus appears brightest during it's crescent phase because that's when it's closer to Earth. The Moon was also a crescent on this evening. It's always challenging to capture the Moon with the stars as they appear to the eye since it's so much brighter. But the passing clouds acted as a filter and helped to balance the exposure. Above the glowing cloud is the Pleiades, the most recognizable star cluster in the sky. A week later Venus would pass through the Pleiades, an occurrence that happens every 8 years.
2020, Big Horn, Bighorn Mountains, Pleiades, United States, Venus, Wyoming, astronomy, astrophotography, clouds, cold, conjunction, crescent, evening, kevin palmer, moon, night, nikon d750, sky, snow, space, spring, starry, stars, tamron 24-70mm f2.8
Recent Work, Wyoming, Night Sky


DESCRIPTION: Bring your family for an afternoon of safety education with local police, fire and other community organizations. Activities include a bounce house, balloon art, face painting and more. Plus, meet Chase from Paw Patrol.
This event is free of charge to non-profit organizations.
We are looking for community, safety and public welfare non-profit organizations.


November 15, 2017 (Los Angeles, CA) – Today, The Creative Coalition announces the launch of #KeepTellingPeople™, a PSA campaign created to empower all people to help eradicate the sexual harassment and assault epidemic.
The PSA is directed by actor and President of The Creative Coalition Tim Daly ("Madam Secretary") and actor and Board Member of The Creative Coalition Cheryl Hines ("Curb Your Enthusiasm"); and co-produced by Caroline Hirsch (Carolines on Broadway), Bill Prady (Creator and Executive Producer, "The Big Bang Theory"), The Creative Coalition CEO Robin Bronk, Birds Nest Foundation (BNF), BNF CEO Avis Richards, Storio Creative, and Storio Creative Co-Founder Suzanne Klein. The Creative Coalition also will be partnering with leading national nonprofit organizations (focused on eliminating sexual harassment) to use the unique power and platform of the entertainment industry to drive positive social welfare change.
"We're fortunate to have these amazing actors and influencers join forces with The Creative Coalition to give a voice to this campaign," said Cheryl Hines.
In addition to Daly, Hines, and Milano, others participating in the PSA include actors: Wanda Sykes ("Black-ish"), Chad Lowe ("Supergirl"), Kevin Nealon ("Man With a Plan"), Wendi McLendon-Covey ("The Goldbergs"), Reid Scott ("VEEP"), Marcus Scribner ("Black-ish"), Lea DeLaria ("Orange Is the New Black"), and Sean Giambrone ("The Goldbergs"), Arielle Kebbel ("Fifty Shades Freed"), among others.
"#KeepTellingPeople is about maintaining the momentum of this pivotal moment, amplifying voices, and triggering real change," said Suzanne Klein, Co-Founder of Storio Creative.
"By providing grants to create visual PSAs, we are gifting important non-profits a voice to raise awareness to their ever-growing and pressing causes. Whether it's corporate America or the entertainment business, the guideline has to be no tolerance for sexual harassment. We applaud all the brave women and men who have stepped forward to address this issue," said Avis Richards, CEO & Founder of Birds Nest Foundation.
ABOUT THE CREATIVE COALITION: The Creative Coalition (www.TheCreativeCoalition.org) is the premier nonprofit, 501(c)(3) nonpartisan social welfare and public advocacy organization of the arts and entertainment community. Founded in 1989, by Christopher Reeve, Alec Baldwin, Susan Sarandon, and other prominent members of the creative community, The Creative Coalition uses the power and platform of the arts and entertainment communities in award-winning public service and advocacy campaigns. The Creative Coalition leads the #KeepTellingPeople campaign in an effort to help eradicate the sexual harassment plague. Actor Tim Daly serves as The Creative Coalition's president.
ABOUT BIRDS NEST FOUNDATION: Avis Richards is the Founder & CEO of Birds Nest Foundation™, a 501(c)(3) non-profit creative group that produces award-winning documentaries, short videos and public service announcements (PSAs) for charitable organizations. To date, Richards has granted PSAs, short films and documentaries to dozens of non-profits and made more than 500 videos including ones helmed by Goldie Hawn, Michael Bolton, Andre Agassi and John Legend, to name a few. Her productions have touched upon important issues such as education, health, women's issues, environment, anti-violence, and more. For more information regarding the Birds Nest Foundation and its work, please visit www.birdsnestfoundation.org.
Special thanks to Formosa Studios, Winged Pup Productions, Composer PT Walkley, Proserpine Digital, Warren Tricomi, GlamSquad, TheSocialArchitects, Laura Vogel, Willa Hernandez, Maria Chirinos, Nina McLemore, Erin Micheletti, and Sarah Micheletti.


text:
Integrated land use planning, Tanzania, United Republic of, arid lands, climate change mitigation, farmers, land conflicts, rural populations, soil science
(-) climate change mitigation (57)
(-) land conflicts (13)
(-) arid lands (6)
(-) rural populations (6)
(-) farmers (5)
(-) soil science (4)
(-) Tanzania, United Republic of (2)
(-) Integrated land use planning (1)
Food security outcomes under a changing climate: impacts of mitigation and adaptation on vulnerability to food insecurity (open access article)
Climate change is a potential threat to achieving food security, particularly in the most food insecure regions. However, interpreting climate change projections to better understand the potential impacts of a changing climate on food security outcomes is challenging. This paper addresses this…
Soil cannot halt climate change
Long-term field experiments at Rothamsted Research, dating back as far as 1843, prove that modern carbon emissions cannot be locked in the ground to halt global warming
Climate Mitigation Finance Update: From Divestment to Investment, Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency
The Green Climate Fund has approved US$1,093.5 million in funding for mitigation and adaptation projects in its first board meeting of 2018. A major global insurance company has committed to divest €2 billion from coal and invest €3.5 billion in the green economy. Several renewable energy and energy…
Soil carbon sink? It depends also on nitrogen
A study just published by the Joint Research Centre (JRC) in Nature Climate Change shows that soils can be a net sink of greenhouse gases through increased storage of organic carbon.
The new issue of Nature Climate Change is just out- see some of the articles, news and views
Species' responses to climate change are contingent on the complexity and fragmentation of their habitats. Ecological niche modelling is used to reconstruct past range shifts and identify future vulnerable areas and potential refugia of the King penguin in the Southern Ocean under climate change
Pocket Guide for Capacity Building for Climate Change
For over a decade, the European Capacity Building Initiative(ecbi) has adopted a two-pronged strategy to create a more level playing field for developing country in the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC): training for new negotiators; and opportunities for senior negotiators from…
New Fringe Pastoralism: Confict and Insecurity and Development in the Horn of Africa and the Sahel
This report focuses on the emergence of new fringe activities that have transformed the relationship involving pastoralism, the State and the traditional national and transnational mobility of pastoralists. The phenomenon is multifaceted in nature and has been embraced by only a minority of…
Intensified drought and heatwaves (Nature Climate Change Volume 8 Issue 5, May 2018)
Rising temperatures and changing rainfall patterns lead to heat waves and droughts occurring with greater frequency and intensity. This issue includes a collection of original research documenting how droughts and heatwaves, as well as their impacts on both natural and human systems, may change with…
Implementing Climate-Compatible Development in the Context of Power: Lessons for Encouraging Procedural Justice through Community-Based Projects
Climate-compatible development (CCD) is being operationalised across the developing world through projects that integrate development, adaptation and mitigation using community-based approaches—community-based CCD (CB-CCD). By incorporating and considering local people's concerns, these projects are…
Europeans' Strategic Research Agenda for Integrated Spatial Planning, Land Use and Soil Management
Land is a limited resource. There are different – synergistic or competing – options how land can be used. Any use does impact our soil, sediment and water system to which the land is linked. A good understanding of these complex linkages is essential in order to steward land to a more sustainable…
Factbook - Environment, Conflict and Cooperation (ECC)
The ECC Factbook is a powerful map-tool to explore the complex relationships between climate and environmental change and situations of fragility around the world. The fundamental purpose of this Factbook is to provide an overview on conflict and cooperation around the world that relates to…
Using organic waste to fight soil contamination by heavy metals
Scientists from Skoltech's Center for Computational and Data-Intensive Science and Engineering (CDISE) in Russia and the Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague have refined the in-situ remediation technology for soils contaminated with heavy metals. The researchers experimentally established…
Just published: Recovering degraded land in arid zones
Representing nearly 41% of the land above sea level, arid zones are home to more than two billion people who suffer from the ongoing degradation of the land and soil that provide them sustenance. Owing to desertification and droughts, nearly twelve million hectares of land are no longer arable each…
Just & In-Time Climate Policy . Four Initiatives for a Fair Transformation
Limiting global warming to well below 2°C requires the rapid decarbonization of the global economy. If this enterprise fails, we will jeopardize the life-support systems of future generations. The longer the transformation towards climate compatibility is delayed, the more severe the risks and…


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From 2006 to 2019: after failures in Syria, Iraq, Palestine and Yemen, war is no longer an option for Israel
By Elijah J. Magnier: @ejmalrai
During the summer war of 2006, Israel managed to destroy a large number of Hezbollah's rocket and missile stocks. Most Hezbollah missile units were destroyed and, in the suburb of the capital Beirut, over 250 buildings (mainly but not exclusively hosting Hezbollah offices, warehouses and officers' homes) were flattened by Israeli precision bombs targeting Hezbollah (and many civilians) in the suburbs of Beirut. Hundreds of houses were completely destroyed in the south of Lebanon. However, Israel was unable to fulfil its objectives due to the defeat of its infantry which faced harsh resistance and was unable to push deep inland. Moreover, the Kornet anti-tank laser-guided missiles and the "Nour" anti-ship missiles of Hezbollah surprised the enemy, indicating a serious lack of Israeli intelligence and confirming Hezbollah's strong fighting abilities.
Thirteen years later, the failure of US and Israeli policy in the region means it is no longer possible for Israel to contemplate a direct confrontation with Hezbollah in Lebanon. The US and Israel failed to achieve four main goals: regime change in Syria, the partition of Iraq, the defeat of the Houthis in Yemen, the Palestinian "deal of the century". Added to this, Israeli-US rejection of any fair Palestinian state has strengthened Palestinian resolve against Israel.
Israel has increased its firepower and military capabilities, but Hezbollah also moved from being a tactical local organisation to becoming a strategic player in the Middle East. The group's superior fighting abilities have been enhanced by new military hardware. This has had the effect of rendering war in the Middle East unlikely any time in the near (or medium-term) future.
The attempt by the US and its partners to remove Syrian President Bashar al-Assad and transform the country into a failed state governed by jihadist Takfiris (ISIS and al-Qaeda groups, who overwhelmed all other rebel and non-jihadist organisations) forced the Lebanese Hezbollah, Iran and Iraq to engage militarily in the Levant. The same scenario repeated itself in Iraq when the US looked on as ISIS grew strong and held on to robust intelligence – the accuracy of which was later confirmed – that ISIS would be migrating from Iraq to Syria after occupying a large part of Iraq. Hezbollah, Iraqi groups and Iranian forces fought in Syria and Iraq to stop the jihadists from expanding and to prevent a direct danger to Lebanon, Syria, Iraq and Iran.
In Iraq-by contrast with prevailing disinformation- ISIS did not occupy the second largest city of Mesopotamia, Mosul. It was a group of organisations, along with a few hundred ISIS fighters, who stole victory from other Sunni groups (mainly the Naqshabandi). They were supported by neighbouring countries and by the Iraqi Kurdish Leader Masoud Barzani, whose aspirations would have been fulfilled by the partition of Iraq into Kurdistan, Sunnistan and Shi-istan.
Turkey's leadership wanted to reclaim Mosul as part of its ancient Ottoman Empire; Turkey stood to benefit from the occupation of Mosul and the north of Iraq by a group like ISIS. It would not have been difficult at some time in the future to defeat such an organisation lacking any international recognition.
The Kurdish leader Barzani wanted control of oil-rich Kirkuk and aimed for a self-proclaimed state for the Iraqi Kurds- a state which he later "declared" (but failed to achieve), notwithstanding the defeat of ISIS. Indeed, Barzani praised ISIS during its occupation of Mosul, as a "Sunni revolution"- but he failed to reckon with the fact that the terror group was also aiming to control Kurdistan and Kirkuk.
The US wanted the north of Iraq divided between a Sunni state and a Kurdish state. They would have never allowed ISIS to expand beyond Baghdad, in order to keep the oil under US control. Southern Iraq would have survived as a small but hopeless Shia canton in the south, notwithstanding its oil and gas wealth, and Iraq would have been eliminated from the map of "Iranian allies", no longer a potential threat to Saudi Arabia and Israel.
The list of benefits to the US and its allies, had Syria disintegrated and been transformed into a jihadist safe haven, was very long. A failed state would have prevented Russia from supplying its oil to Europe via Syria and Turkey. It would have removed Russia's access to warm Mediterranean waters and dislodgedits naval base in Tartus. It would have broken up the "Axis of the Resistance" between Iran, Syria and Lebanon. It would have stopped the flow of weapons from Iran to Hezbollah in Lebanon, and thus prevented the group from re-arming itself and updating its military hardware. It would have isolated the Shia in the south of Iraq from Syria.
The US coalition could then have watched the movement of jihadist takfiri groups from Syria to Lebanon and keep Hezbollah busy with a sectarian struggle that could have lasted for years, and weakened the enemies of Israel. This would have pushed Lebanese and Syrian Christians to migrate to western countries and abandon the Middle East to future decades of sectarian struggle. The jihadists would have had no objection to the gift of the Golan to Israel. Dismantlement of the Syrian army would have left the Palestinians without any support from Hezbollah, Syria, Iran or Lebanon. With no Syrian or Iraqi armies to fear, with Hezbollah busy domestically and its supply line of weapons cut off, with jihadists providing an easy target and a pretext for war, and with Saudi Arabia on its side, Israel could have expanded and widened its territory at the expense of the Palestinians and of neighbouring countries: no country or force could have stood in its way.
But these plans failed: Hezbollah moved to Iraq and Syria to fight ISIS and al-Qaeda. It managed to secure Lebanon by defeating al-Qaeda and ISIS in Arsal and along the Lebanese-Syrian borders. It has secured the land and air passage from Syria to Lebanon for supply of weapons and renewal of its arsenal. It gained tremendous urban, guerrilla and classical fighting skills and trained itself in real combat scenarios to operate alone, with the Syrian army, and with the Russians and Syrians, using classical fighting skills together with air and artillery support. Hezbollah, used to fighting Israel within an area of less than 1,500 sq km in the south of Lebanon, now fought in Syria on over 80,000 sq km of territory.
But that is not all: During the war imposed on Syria, Hezbollah has invented a rocket with a ton of explosives in its warhead (Burkan-Vulcano) and operationalised it. It has run intensive courses in the use of its drones, used its precision missiles with accuracy, produced thousands of highly trained Special Forces and it has fought an enemy (al-Qaeda) that is much more motivated to fight to the death than any Israeli Special Forces units. Furthermore, Hezbollah established its precision long-range missiles on the well-protected Lebanese-Syrian borders to alleviate the consequences of any future war for the Lebanese cities and villages.
The failure of the regime change cemented Hezbollah's and Iran's position in Syria to the level of full cooperation with the state, a level never reached in the past. The Syrian government was supported economically by Iran and protected militarily by the Iranian, Lebanese, Iraqi and Russian interventions.
Today US forces occupy the territory holding most Syrian oil resources in the north-east of the country and Syria is under heavy economic sanctions. Only Iran is rushing to support Syria's economy to prevent it from collapsing by providing oil, constructing pharmaceutical and other industries to support the local economy, and fulfil some basic needs. The US-Israeli policy to cripple the government t of Damascus is strengthening the Iran-Hezbollah-Syria relationship, particularly since the US prevented the Arab and Gulf states from returning to Damascus to re-open their embassies, leaving the road open for Iran and Russia to be exclusively represented in the Levant.
Iran is also building up Syria's missile capability. The current Iran-US tensions have proved that missiles can face down a superior air and naval force and are capable of establishing rules of engagement with a very small investment in comparison with the price of jets and frigates. Indeed, the war in Yemen and the Iran-US crisis both showed how armed drones and missiles can hit far-off targets and fulfil targeting objectives.
This is exactly what Hezbollah picked up in Lebanon and along the Syrian-Lebanese borders. In 2006 Hezbollah's command made the mistake of building-up strategic warehouses in Syria. Israeli air superiority made the supply of weapons hazardous, as Israel could hit anything moving from the sky. The Syrian war provided Hezbollah with a heavy presence on the borders with long-range precision missile bases; they are now ready to widen the operational theatre in case of war. There is therefore no need for the non-state actor to move its missiles around from Syria to Lebanon.
In the last years, Israel bombed hundreds of objectives in Syria, including truckloads of weapons transiting to Lebanon, but never without prior warning to the driver before the raid. Israel wanted to avoid human casualties among Hezbollah officers, fully aware of the price of retaliation. Notwithstanding the repetitive attacks, Hezbollah's warehouses are full, according to an Israeli estimate. This means the group has the capacity to fire thousands of rockets and missiles daily over a long war. Israel acknowledges its failure to limit the group's armament supplies and capabilities.
Lessons have been learned from the wars in Iraq, Syria and Yemen. More military lessons are being drawn from the US-Iran confrontation in the Gulf. Low cost missiles directed towards oil platforms, harbours, transiting ships, airports, electricity facilities, drinking water stations and military bases are today much more effective politically and militarily than hitting civilian targets. Armed drones and precision missiles can be deadly to the most advanced and highly equipped military state. Rockets can be used to saturate Israeli interceptor defensive missile systems. Dozens of rockets can be launched simultaneously, followed by the launch of a few precision missiles against a target. The interceptor system will be saturated, unable to shoot down all the incoming rockets and missiles, thus allowing at least 30-40% of the missiles to go through and hit the desired target, enough to create a real damage and be considered as balance changer. Such saturation techniques can be extremely effective, as all parties recognise.
The new war is essentially economic; it is a war of sanctions and limiting free movement of ship movements around the globe. It is a war of tankers and oil platforms. It is a starvation war where no one can threaten the enemy with a return to the "stone age" because the firepower is now universally available. Yemen is the best example: the threat of bombing Dubai forced the Emirates to seek Iranian mediation to prevent a missile attack against them. The Houthis, despite years of Saudi bombing of Yemen, have also managed to bomb Saudi airports, military bases and oil stations in the heart of Saudi Arabia, using cruise missiles and armed drones.
Gaza, along with Beirut, Damascus and Baghdad, are all highly equipped by Tehran with sufficient missiles to inflict real damage on Israel and on US forces deployed in the Middle East. Israel is playing around by targeting various objectives tactically but with no real strategic purpose- only for Netanyahu to keep himself busy and train his Air Force, and to gain publicity in the media. Soon, when Syria recovers and Iraq is stronger, the Israeli promenade will have to cease. Hezbollah in Lebanon may also find a way in the near future to keep its irregular but organised army busy by firing anti-air missiles against Israeli jets and imposing new rules of engagement. It is, however, too early now to challenge Israel in the air because the "Axis of Resistance" alliance works according to priorities, and this stage of the Iran-US crisis is still only beginning. However, as the crisis develops, the new stabilising effect of the deadly and accurate generation of drones and missile threat will make open warfare unlikely.
Proofread by: Maurice Brasher and C.G.B.
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Description: It is often found in soil, decaying plant debris, compost piles, and stored grain. It is disseminated as a dry spore by the wind.
For indoor growth this fungus requires varying conditions dependant on the species. Most species of Aspergillus grow at 98.6°F (body temperature).
Allergen: it has been known to cause Type I (hay fever, asthma), and Type III (hypersensitivity pneumonitis: Humidifier lung, Malt worker's lung, Compost lung, Wood trimmer's disease, Straw hypersensitivity, Farmer's lung, Oat grain hypersensitivity, fumigatus: allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA), and allergenic fungal sinusitis) symptoms.
Pathogen: it has been known to cause respiratory, invasive, cutaneous, ear, and corneal disease including fumigatus (fungus ball), flavus (nasal sinus lesions), and niger ("swimmer's ear").
Toxigenic agent: it produces flavus, fumigatus, niger, usutus, and versicolor causing agents as well as many others. Aspergillus is one of the most common fungal genera, worldwide, and Aspergillus fumigatus is one of the most common species found.