At Prize Soundproofing, we will be ready to fulfill your expectations for Soundproofing in Kingston, PA. Our workforce of highly trained experts will give you the support that you require with the most innovative technology available. Our supplies are always of the best quality and we can help you save cash. Contact us by dialing 844-222-4922 to begin.
Saving cash is an integral part for your mission. Still, saving your money should not mean you eliminate excellent quality for Soundproofing in Kingston, PA. We ensure that our money saving goals never mean a lesser level of excellence. We work with the finest products and practices to ensure that the task can stand up to the years, and we conserve your funds in ways that don't alter the quality of the mission. This is achievable because we understand how to save time and costs on products and work. Consider Prize Soundproofing if you want the best quality services at the lowest price. Our company is waiting to answer your phone call at 844-222-4922.
Soundproofing are available in Kingston, PA.
You should be kept informed concerning Soundproofing in Kingston, PA. We will be sure you understand what to anticipate. We will take the surprises out of the picture by providing accurate and complete information. You can begin by talking about your job with our customer care reps when you call 844-222-4922. We will answer all of your concerns and questions and set up the preliminary appointment. We always show up at the arranged hour, ready to work with you.
If you find yourself arranging a process regarding Soundproofing in Kingston, PA, there are plenty of great reasons to consider Prize Soundproofing. We have the greatest customer care scores, the best products, and the most useful and powerful money saving solutions. We have the skills you need to fulfill all your goals. Call 844-222-4922 when you need Soundproofing in Kingston, and we'll work together with you to successfully carry out the project.


Electrical Engineer . Freelance Photography.
I sometime still use my Canon 10D from 2003 . 6mp CCD sensor. Super color.
I sold my Nikon and Canon DSLRs (D800, D800E, 7Dm2 ,,, 14-24 ,,, 16-35 ,,, 24-70 ,,, 70-200 Nano) and bought Nikon Z7 and Canon R.


The presumption that applies to marital property does not apply to marital debt. Thus, just because a debt was incurred during the marriage does not mean it is presumed to be marital debt. The spouse who wants the debt classified as marital must prove that it was incurred during the marriage and for the joint benefit of the parties.


Operating your business in the Centennial state comes with its own unique set of conditions. Along with existing state-specific regulations, the risk protection picture for your commercial trucks is going to look a little different than for firms in other regions. We understand that, and our professionals are ready to recommend Colorado truck insurance solutions that are just the right fit for your enterprise.
Along with protecting your vehicles, we also know the importance of risk management for another one of your valuable resources: your employees. Not only do you need worker's compensation to comply with certain legal regulations, but it's also essential for both stemming your potential losses and helping your workers with an optimal recovery plan. Our worker's comp products supply the best of both worlds: protection for you, peace of mind for your workers.
Although we've been discussing risk management and warding off major fiduciary catastrophes, you'll also enjoy additional intrinsic bonuses with one of our custom-created insurance solutions. Your business's reputation is as valuable as your vehicles, property, employees and other assets. While you can't prevent all unforeseen events, having the right overage can aid you in making things right with your workers, customers and suppliers should the unthinkable happen. Turn to our group of insurance experts acting under Colorado license number 125022. For answers to your questions or a quote, contact us today.


text:
Flight 240 may refer to:

Malév Flight 240, crashed on 30 September 1975
Dan-Air Flight 240, crashed on 26 June 1981

0240

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Les consultes sobre la independència de Catalunya són un conjunt de consultes d'àmbit municipal no vinculants sobre la independència de Catalunya celebrades des del 2009, de les quals la consulta d'Arenys de Munt va ser la primera i la de Barcelona, el 2011, la darrera. Més de 60.000 voluntaris, organitzats en comissions locals, i coordinats per una coordinadora nacional, van col·laborar per organitzar les consultes en diferents onades.

Consulta del 13-S: Arenys de Munt

Tot va començar el dia 4 de juny de 2009, quan el consistori d'Arenys de Munt va donar suport a una moció presentada per la CUP que defensava l'organització d'una consulta sobre la independència de Catalunya. L'ajuntament havia de cedir espais per poder fer la consulta i facilitar-ne l'organització, però una sentència judicial va anul·lar l'acord del plenari, de manera que el consistori ja no podia donar suport a la comissió organitzadora. Els organitzadors van llogar el Centre Moral del poble per poder fer-hi la consulta. Malgrat tot, i tot i acatar la sentència judicial, l'ajuntament sempre va donar suport a la iniciativa, especialment l'alcalde, Carles Móra. La consulta d'Arenys de Munt va ser la detonant del seguit de consultes sobre la independència d'arreu de Catalunya i va ser la primera consulta municipal de la història sobre la independència de Catalunya que es va celebrar als Països Catalans.

La consulta del 13-S

En aquesta primera consulta del 13 de setembre de 2009 es va formular, exclusivament als veïns d'aquesta vila, la pregunta següent: «Està d'acord que Catalunya esdevingui un Estat de dret, independent, democràtic i social, integrat a la Unió Europea?». Malgrat el caràcter extraoficial de la consulta, la participació va ser significativa, ja que es va situar en el 41%, superant la participació en les eleccions europees i el referèndum de la Constitució Euopea a Espanya, i una mica per sota dels resultats de participació en el referèndum de l'estatut de 2006, però en nombre de vots més alta que no la que va obtenir l'estatut en el referèndum del 2006. El «sí» va guanyar amb un 96,2% dels vots vàlids, i el «no» en va obtenir un 2,3%.

Reaccions posteriors a la consulta d'Arenys de Munt
La consulta d'Arenys de Munt va ser un precedent històric i molts partits polítics, organitzacions i plataformes hi van mostrar el seu acord.

 Partits com ERC, la CUP i alguns polítics destacats de CDC i ICV van donar ple suport a la consulta.
 D'altra banda, formacions com el PP, Ciutadans, UDC i un gran sector del PSC van mostrar-s'hi clarament en desacord.
 Alguns membres del PSC i d'Unió Democràtica de Catalunya van treure importància a la consulta.

La mateixa nit de la consulta, ja hi havia ajuntaments d'arreu de Catalunya que estaven interessats a seguir la iniciativa d'Arenys de Munt, com ara Argentona o Seròs.

En general, la iniciativa va ser molt criticada des de l'Estat espanyol, tant pel PSOE com pel PP, i arran de la votació es va obrir un conflicte entre els dos partits, ja que els populars acusaven els socialistes d'haver permès una consulta il·legal.

Internacionalment el ressò també va ser força important: tres-cents periodistes es van acreditar per seguir la jornada, i diverses televisions van ser a Arenys de Munt per seguir de prop l'esdeveniment.

El 25 de novembre, al Ple del Parlament Europeu, l'eurodiputada nacionalista gal·lesa Jill Evans, del grup dels Verds, va demanar als líders de la UE que tinguin en compte, en la seva pròxima cimera, les consultes sobre la independència que se celebraran a Catalunya el pròxim 13 de desembre en 160 municipis.

Consultes posteriors a la d'Arenys de Munt
Durant la mateixa nit de la consulta d'Arenys de Munt, molts municipis de Catalunya van mostrar-se a favor de fer consultes com la que havia organitzat aquest poble del Maresme. Els dies següents, diversos consistoris van començar a aprovar mocions de suport per fer consultes sobre la independència promogudes per entitats de veïns dels pobles. Moltes organitzacions independentistes van donar suport a les consultes, fins que va aparèixer la Coordinadora per la Consulta sobre la Independència, que s'encarregaria d'organitzar-les en conjunt. D'aquesta manera es van començar a perfilar unes consultes en tot l'àmbit català que se celebrarien en diferents fases.

Impulsors i organitzadors
Diferents organitzacions van impulsar la convocatòria de consultes populars per la independència arreu de Catalunya. Entre aquestes hi havia associacions locals, però també d'abast nacional, com ara:
 Centre Cultural Solidaritat Internacional
 Federació d'Entitats de la Mediterrània-Mare Nostrum
 Plataforma pel Dret de Decidir
 Plataforma Sobirania i Progrés
 Catalunya Estat Lliure
 Deu Mil per l'Autodeterminació
 Decidim!
 Sobirania i Justícia

Molts membres d'aquestes associacions participaven en la Coordinadora per la Consulta sobre la Independència, que s'encarregava d'organitzar les consultes a tot Catalunya, i també assessoraven les entitats municipals per aconsellar-los la millor manera de fer una consulta al seu poble. La coordinadora estava estructurada amb un plenari format per totes les entitats i comissions locals i una Comissió Tècnica Nacional. Aquesta comissió es va aprovar en el primer plenari de la Coordinadora Nacional per la Consulta sobre la Independència que es va celebrar a Arenys de Munt el 24 d'octubre de 2009. En aquest plenari, també s'aproven els objectius polítics del moviment que són:
 Demostrar al món que la nació catalana està preparada per exercir el dret a l'autodeterminació i la independència.
 Promoure la convocatòria d'un referèndum vinculant sobre la independència.
 Enfortir les xarxes ciutadanes que hauran de donar suport al referèndum vinculant sobre la independència.
 Afavorir la participació popular i la democràcia directa.
Els màxims responsables de la Comissió Tècnica Nacional eren: Josep Manel Ximenis, creador de la consulta i responsable de voluntaris, Uriel Bertran, responsable de campanya, Anna Arqué, responsable de comunicació i internacional, David Vinyals, creador del programa informàtic de control del vot i responsable d'informàtica. L'entitat Sobirania i Progrés, responsable de la logística, va proporcionar els tècnics de logística i de la central de compres, que foren en una primera etapa, Lluís Pérez Lozano, i posteriorment Marta Torrecilla. El portaveu de la Coordinadora en l'onada del 13 de desembre va ser l'alcalde d'Arenys de Munt Carles Mora i en l'onada del 28 de febrer, la coordinadora de Cardona Decideix, Eulàlia Company.

Altres membres de la Coordinadora, com a integrants de les comissions tècniques de treball, foren: Conxita Bosch, Jordi Miró, Joan Vives, Marc Gafarot i Elisenda Paluzie de la Comissió d'Internacional, Elisenda Laborda de la comissió de comunicació, Aleix Andreu, de la comissió de formació de voluntaris. La Junta Electoral va estar formada entre d'altres per Josep Cruanyes, Elisenda Paluzie, Hèctor López Bofill i Jaume Renyer. Dirigents de la Plataforma pel Dret de Decidir com Elisenda Romeu i Carme Forcadell, van formar part de la comissió de campanyes i de la comissió de comunicació en la primera onada de consultes, però van abandonar la Coordinadora en perdre per una àmplia majoria la votació de reprovació dels responsables d'àrea de la coordinadora que van plantejar en el Plenari celebrat a Sant Antoni de Vilamajor, el 19 de desembre de 2009. A Sant Antoni de Vilamajor es va aprovar ratificar la Comissió Tècnica Nacional i incorporar-hi representants de les comissions locals.

Les diferents onades de consultes

Les consultes sobre la independència de la nació catalana, s'han portat o es duran a terme en diferents etapes:
 13 de setembre del 2009: Primera consulta de la història a Arenys de Munt.
 12 i 13 de desembre del 2009: Primera onada de consultes a 167 municipis. Aquesta fase es va fer en dos dies:
 12 de desembre del 2009: Segona consulta de la història a Sant Jaume de Frontanyà.
 13 de desembre del 2009: Consultes a 166 municipis d'arreu de Catalunya.
 28 de febrer del 2010: Segona onada de consultes a 80 municipis.
 24 i 25 d'abril del 2010: Tercera onada de consultes a 211 municipis. Aquesta fase es farà en dos dies:
 24 d'abril del 2010: Consulta a Esparraguera.
 25 d'abril del 2010: Consultes a 210 municipis d'arreu de Catalunya, i a Països Baixos, Irlanda, Quebec, Suïssa i Hamburg.
 9 de maig del 2010: Consulta a La Sentiu de Sió.
 30 de maig del 2010: Consulta a Sabadell.
 20 de juny del 2010: Quarta onada de consultes 48 municipis d'arreu de Catalunya.
 18 de juliol del 2010: Consultes a Puigcerdà i a Mollet de Peralada.
 26 d'agost del 2010: Consulta a Bell-lloc d'Urgell.
 Octubre del 2010: Consultes als Estats Units el dia 9, i a L'Ametlla de Mar, Tarragona, Rubí i Gavà.
 Fases prèvies a la consulta de Barcelona:
 12 de desembre de 2010: Recollida de vot anticipat al barri de La Barceloneta
 19 i 20 de febrer de 2011: 24h de recollida de vot anticipat al barri de Gràcia
 20 de febrer de 2011: festa dels voluntaris al barri de Sants
 12 de març de 2011: Recollida de vot anticipat al barri de Nou Barris
 10 d'abril del 2011: Consulta a Barcelona.

Primera onada, el 13-D

Esdeveniments previs
Davant d'aquesta primera onada de consultes, es va plantejar la possibilitat que l'Advocacia General de l'Estat les recorregués una per una per impugnar la decisió dels governs municipals que cedissin espais públics com a col·legis electorals, tal com es va fer a la consulta d'Arenys de Munt. Tal com va informar la Delegació del Govern espanyol a Catalunya el dilluns 7 de desembre, l'Advocacia no va detectar «cap anomalia» en les actes de suport a les noves consultes, malgrat que no havia acabat d'examinar-les totes. Així doncs, el canvi d'actitud d'aquest òrgan legitimava legalment la cessió dels equipaments als organitzadors de les votacions. Fins al dia en què l'Advocacia es va manifestar al respecte, únicament els ajuntaments de Sant Pere de Torelló, Tiana i Sant Jaume de Frontanyà havien expressat públicament la voluntat de cedir dependències municipals per cooperar amb la celebració de les consultes locals, tot i que altres municipis també havien pres acords en aquest sentit.

Campanya

El dia 27 de novembre hi va haver l'acte de presentació de la campanya de les consultes a Perpinyà. El dia 29 hi va haver l'acte central a l'auditori del Fòrum de Barcelona, al qual van assistir 3.500 persones. Hi van intervenir Miquel Calçada, representants locals i altres personalitats. El dia 11 de desembre es va fer l'acte de cloenda de la campanya a Vic, en el qual va participar el president del Futbol Club Barcelona, Joan Laporta.

Diversos partits polítics van decidir fer campanya pel sí, com Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya (ERC), la Candidatura d'Unitat Popular (CUP) Convergència i Unió (CiU) i Reagrupament.

Altres partits, com Ciutadans - Partit de la Ciutadania, van decidir fer campanya per demanar el vot negatiu. Dins dels actes d'oposició a les consultes, estava prevista una concentració a la plaça Urquinaona de Barcelona el dia 13 de desembre, que la Conselleria d'Interior no va autoritzar per evitar desordres públics, tot i que sí que permetia fer-les el dia abans, vigília de la jornada de celebració de la majoria de consultes. El 7 de desembre Ciutadans va anunciar, a través del seu president, Albert Rivera, que la formació política no participaria en l'acte per «evitar coincidir tant amb els independentistes com amb els "extremistes de dretes"», però va mantenir la seva participació en altres activitats, com ara una botifarrada popular a Molins de Rei.

Transcurs de la jornada
El 12 de desembre, un dia abans que la resta, Sant Jaume de Frontanyà, un dels municipis de menys població de Catalunya de només 24 electors, inicià la ronda de consultes sobre la independència. Finalment, el 13 de desembre se celebraren un total de 166 consultes municipals en les 29 comarques catalanes diferents que representen exactament 700.024 electors. Tanmateix, hi hagué dotze comarques on en aquesta jornada del 13-D no se celebrà cap consulta en els seus municipis. En aquesta jornada, es necessitaren un total de 15.000 voluntaris repartits en els 252 col·legis electorals i 564 meses.

ResultatsResultats avui.cat

Segona onada de consultes, 28-F
El diumenge 28 de febrer de 2010 es va donar la segona onada de consultes independentistes, 300.000 catalans de 80 municipis, 25 comarques, estaven cridats a les urnes. La participació en els dos municipis més grans va ser, al Vendrell, va ser del 9,1% i a Molins de Rei del 21,14%.

Resultats

Tercera onada de consultes, 25-A

El diumenge 25 d'abril de 2010 (24 d'abril del 2010 a Esparraguera) es va produir la tercera onada de consultes independentistes, on més d'1.200.000 catalans de 211 municipis, 34 comarques, estaven cridades a les urnes. La participació en els tres municipis més grans va ser, a Lleida del 10,40%, a Girona del 27,0% i a Reus del 17,4%.

Resultats

Quarta onada de consultes, 20-J

El diumenge 20 de juny de 2010 es va donar la quarta onada de consultes independentistes, 70.000 catalans de 48 municipis, 25 comarques, van anar a les urnes. La participació va ser del 14,1%. La participació en els dos municipis més grans va ser, a Mataró, del 23,7% i a Cornellà de Llobregat del 10,6%.

Cornellà, va assolir el rècord de vots negatius, amb un 19,6%. La jornada va transcórrer amb normalitat, amb només un incident a Mataró, quan dos falangistes van assaltar un col·legi electoral, sense cap dany personal.

El 27 de juny de 2010 es va fer la consulta als Alamús (Segrià) amb un 43,64% de participació, un 92% de vots afirmatius i un % de vots negatius.

Pel 18 de juliol estan previstes consultes a Puigcerdà i a Mollet de Peralada, i se'n preparen a Tarragona, Rubí i Gavà per a l'octubre.

Resultats

Consulta a Barcelona, 10-A

El dia 10 d'abril de 2011 se celebrà la consulta a la capital catalana.

Per facilitar el vot, des del 2010 es va recollir vot anticipat en meses situades en alguns punts de la ciutat. Igualment, en alguns barris, se celebren jornades per fomentar el vot anticipat:

Recollida de vot anticipat a la Barceloneta

El dia 12 de desembre de 2010 va arrencar la campanya de Barcelona decideix amb la primera jornada de recollida de vot anticipat.
 14 urnes repartides pel barri
 20,2% de vot anticipat recollit sobre el cens del barri.

24h de recollida de vot anticipat a la Vila de Gràcia
Aquesta segona recollida de vot anticipat es va fer els dies 19 i 20 de febrer de 2011.
 30 urnes
 Més de 300 voluntaris
 33,6% de vot anticipat recollit sobre el cens del barri.

Marató de recollida de vot anticipat a Nou Barris
El 12 de març hi havia prevista una recollida de vot anticipat a Nou Barris, però es va haver d'ajornar per al dia 26 del mateix mes a causa de les males condicions climatològiques del dia 12.
 61 urnes
 317 voluntaris
 11,27% de vot anticipat recollit sobre el cens del barri.

Consulta
El procés va estar verificat per una cinquantena d'observadors internacionals. A part de Barcelona, una vintena de municipis més també van organitzar una consulta per al mateix dia. Vallgorguina (Vallès Oriental) la va celebrar el dia abans, 9 d'abril.

Galeria d'imatges

Consultes internacionals
S'han fet consultes el 25 d'abril de 2010 a Països Baixos, Irlanda, Quebec, Suïssa i Hamburg, 455 catalans, van anar a les urnes.
Estan previstes consultes a Sardenya, el 30 de maig del 2010, i als Estats Units, el 9 d'octubre de 2010.

Resultats

Reaccions a les consultes

Reaccions a favor
Diferents col·lectius d'immigrants residents a Catalunya van expressar el seu suport a les diverses consultes sobre la independència a través d'un manifest en el qual aplaudien la iniciativa de donar dret a vot a persones extracomunitàries i de la resta de la Unió Europea, fet suposava un total de 125.000 nous possibles sufragis per a les consultes programades el 13-D. La declaració estava signada inicialment per col·lectius com el Casal Argentí de Barcelona, la Xarxa ArgenCat i l'Associació ImmiCat, i va ser la base que va permetre l'adhesió de l'Assemblea d'Immigrants pel Dret a Decidir.

Reaccions internacionals a favor
Els eurodiputats del Partit Gal·lès, el Partit Nacional Escocès, la Nova Aliança Flamenca, el Partit de la Nació Corsa, Pels Drets Humans en una Letònia Unida i el Sinn Féin van donar suport a les consultes sobre la independència de Catalunya. També els partits Corsica Libera i Indipendèntzia Repùbrica de Sardigna van mostrar el seu suport a les consultes. El 25 de novembre, l'eurodiputada del Plaid Cymru gal·lès, Jill Evans, va fer arribar les consultes al Parlament Europeu preguntant-los a Durão Barroso i a Van Rompuy com tenia previst respondre la Unió Europea al procés de consultes independentistes catalanes.

Reaccions en contra
Falange Española y de las JONS expressà la seva intenció de manifestar-se el dia de les consultes amb quaranta o cinquanta persones a cada municipi, tot i que el Departament d'Interior va fer avançar les concentracions al dia 12 per evitar aldarulls. Finalment, renunciaren a concentrar-se públicament degut al poc marge de temps per reaccionar a la decisió del Departament d'Interior de fer avançar les protestes, tal com assenyalà el seu secretari general Norberto Pico. En aquesta ocasió, el partit declinà presentar un recurs, com va fer pel dia de la consulta d'Arenys de Munt, a causa de l'elevat cost econòmic que suposaria.

El partit nacionalcatòlic Alternativa Española (AES), hereus de la figura de Blas Piñar, president honorífic de l'entitat, va convocar una concentració en contra de les consultes amb el lema «Ante los secesionistas referendos catalanes, da un Sí a España», programada pel 13 de desembre a la plaça de Sant Jaume de Barcelona. Finalment, els organitzadors canviaren de format i organitzaren una concentració a plaça d'Espanya on assistiren 110 persones, segons la Guàrdia Urbana. La convocatòria va transcórrer sense incidents, tot i que els participants exhibiren nombroses banderes espanyoles i simbologia falangista.

Alianza Nacional (AN), grup ultra espanyolista, va convocar per al mateix dia una manifestació a Barcelona amb el lema «Por la unidad de España», que volia anar de plaça Urquinaona a plaça de la Universitat, on tenia previst acabar amb un acte polític. La manifestació s'inicià a les 12h al lloc previst però finalitzà a l'Arc de Triomf, en un dels extrems del passeig de Lluís Companys. A la convocatòria assistiren unes 60 persones, segons la Guàrdia Urbana, i s'onejaren desenes de banderes espanyoles i alguna de catalana, a la vegada que s'entonaren consignes a favor de la unitat de l'Estat espanyol.

Observadors internacionals
Els representants de la Coordinadora per la Consulta sobre la
Independència Anna Arqué, Uriel Bertran i Jordi Miró van entrar al registre del Parlament Europeu una carta adreçada al seu President el senyor Jerzy Buzek, per informar-lo de la Consulta sobre la
Independència. A més la missiva també demana "que adverteixi l'Estat espanyol sobre la conculcació dels drets democràtics dels catalans, com ara la prohibició d'utilitzar sales municipals per portar a terme la consulta". En la visita al Parlament Europeu també van aconseguir la participació d'eurodiputats com a observadors internacionals. Entre aquests, hi participaren les eurodiputades Frieda Brepoels i Jill Evans, els eurodiputats François Alfonsi i Oriol Junqueras, el diputat de l'Assemblea de Còrsega Jean-Guy Talamoni, el diputat del Parlament Federal Belga (i futur ministre d'interior de Bèlgica) Jan Jambon, el senador friülès Elio di Anna, Kristopher White del Partit Nacional Escocès i Joe Reilly del Sinn Féin.

El 23 d'octubre de 2009 el director executiu de la plataforma Osona Decideix, Alfons López Tena, presentà una carta en català i traduïda a l'anglès a Manel Camós, director de la representació de la Comissió Europea a Barcelona, apel·lant a la intervenció de l'entitat per a revisar la fiabilitat del sistema electoral i destinar observadors per a exercir llurs tasques. Aquesta mateixa petició fou lliurada a altres organismes públics i entitats privades de caràcter internacional com la divisió de suport electoral del secretariat de l'ONU, el Centre Carter de Londres, l'OSCE i el grup de suport electoral conjunt de la CE i el PNUD.

El 4 de desembre, el director del Centre Carter, David Carroll, respongué la petició per carta on manifestà la no disposició a intervenir en la consulta, ja que el criteri usat prioritzava els països que estaven en un moment crític, on la presència de l'entitat pogués ser decisiva i que la petició l'hagués elaborat un dels partits majoritaris o l'autoritat electoral. Tot i així, Caroll recalcà el poc temps disponible per organitzar un contingent d'observadors per avaluar la situació electoral, més si tenim en compte les importants tasques que realitzaven en aquells moments en països com Sudan, Bolívia, Costa d'Ivori, Nepal i Palestina.

El 13 de desembre de 2009, trenta-quatre eurodiputats, juristes i altres personalitats varen formar part de la delegació d'observadors internacionals que vetllà pel desenvolupament de les consultes. La seva procedència era Escòcia, Itàlia, Còrsega, Bèlgica, Canadà i País de Gal·les entre altres.

El 30 de març de 2010, en la consulta realitzada a Sabadell hi assistí com a observador internacional Pavlos Filipov Voskopoulos, de la minoria macedònia a Grècia.

El 25 d'abril de 2010, més de cinquanta observadors internacionals assistiren a diverses consultes. Entre ells Edgardo Vázquez Rivera, assessor de la campanya de Barack Obama a Puerto Rico, així com diferents representants polítics de Flandes, Escòcia, Còrsega, Sardenya i Euskadi, entre altres.

El 20 de juny de 2010, hi assistiren alguns observadors internacionals, entre els quals destacava un actor espanyol, Javier Gutierrez. Finalment, a la darrera consulta la de Barcelona celebrada el 10 d'abril de 2011, 51 observadors internacionals van donar fe de la netedat del procés. La delegació més nombrosa era la flamenca amb 13 representants i es va comptar també amb un representant espanyol, el catedràtic de lingüística de la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Juan Carlos Moreno. Es va comptar també amb representants de la societat civil i acadèmics de diversos Estats europeus no pertanyents a minories nacionals ni nacions sense Estat, com Finlàndia i Rússia.

Suport institucional

Les consultes han estat dutes a terme per la societat civil, i les implicacions de les institucions públiques per a les seves organitzacions no van ser autoritzades per la justicia. No obstant això diversos ajuntaments i consells comarcals han aprovat mocions en favor de què aquests referèndums siguin convocats per una organització civil, recolzant-les d'aquesta manera sense transgredir les lleis espanyoles.

Ajuntaments

Més de 200 els ajuntaments que s'hi han declarat a favor, cobrint una població superior a la d'1.300.000 habitants. Hi ha municipis on es faran consultes i on l'ajuntament no hi ha donat suport. Malgrat tot, no és incompatible, ja que les consultes són promogudes per entitats dels pobles i no pels ajuntaments.

En contra s'hi han manifestat 36 municipis, cobrint una població d'1.200.000 persones. La diferència de xifres (una sisena part de municipis però quasi la mateixa població) és explicada per què la majoria d'aquesta ajuntaments són de les zones de la costa i àrea metropolitana més poblades arran de l'emigració espanyola de la segona meitat del .

Ajuntaments a favor
<center>

{| class="wikitable sortable" style=font-size:95%
|+ Ajuntaments que han aprovat una moció de suport a la celebració d'una consulta sobre la independència
! Municipi !! Pob. !! A favor !! En contra !! Abstenció !! Dia
|-
|Agramunt ||align=right| 5.577 || ERC , CiU  || - || PSC  ||30.09.09
|-
|L'Albi ||align=right |841 || TFA , CiU  || - || - || 29.09.09
|-
|L'Aldea ||align=right|3.966 || ERC , CiU , IPA  || - || PSC  || 17.09.09
|-
|Alella||align=right| 8.998 || ERC+LG , CiU , COR , Gd'A  || PP  || PSC  ||24.09.09
|-
|Alfarràs ||align=right |3.163 || || || ||
|-
|Alfés ||align=right |323 || ERC , IPA  || - || - ||04.11.09
|-
|Alp ||align=right |1.686 || ERC , CiU , Id'A , AC  || - || - || ?
|-
|Alpens ||align=right |312 || || || || ?
|-
|Amposta ||align=right| 20.652 || EA-ERC , CiU  || - || PSC  || 28.09.09
|-
|Arbeca ||align=right|2.472 || ERC , CiU  || - || PM  || 22.09.09
|-
|L'Arboç||align=right| 5.063 || ERC , CiU  || - || PSC  ||24.09.09
|-
|Arbúcies ||align=right| 6.232 || ERC , EPA , CUPA , IA  || PSC  || - || 29.09.09
|-
|Arenys de Mar||align=right| 14.449 || ERC , CiU , ICV , VIA , PSC  || PP  || PSC  ||27.10.09
|-
|Arenys de Munt ||align=right| 8.023 || ERC , CiU , AM2000 , CUP  || - || PSC  || 04.06.09
|-
|Argelaguer ||align=right| 423 || || || ||
|-
|Argentona ||align=right| 11.402 || ERC , CiU , EA , TA  || PP , Agr.Ar  || PSC  || 04.09.09
|-
|Artesa de Lleida ||align=right| 1.503 ||ERC , PSC  || - || - || 08.10.09
|-
|Avinyó ||align=right|2.222 || ERC , CiU  || - || - || 05.11.09
|-
|Balsareny ||align=right|3.505 ||ERC , CiU , VAI  || - ||PSC  || ?
|-
|Banyoles ||align=right|17.917 || ERC , CiU , ICV , PPB-PSC ||-||-||02.11.09
|-
|Bell-lloc d'Urgell ||align=right| 2.413 || CiU, ERC, PSC  || - || PSC  || 24.09.09
|-
|Berga||align=right| 17.072 || CiU, CUP i ERC || || ||
|-
|Besalú||align=right| 2.290 || CiU || - || IpB-PM ||
|-
|Blancafort ||align=right| 415 ||ERC || || ||30.09.09
|-
|Blanes ||align=right| 40.168 || CiU, PdB, ERC || PSC, PP || ICV-EUiA || 29.09.09
|-
|Bordils ||align=right| 1.425 || CiU, GxB-ERC-AM, GIB-PM || || ||
|-
|Les Borges Blanques ||align=right| 5.942 || || || ||24.09.09
|-
|Breda ||align=right| 3.753 || CiU, TxB, CxB , PSC-PM || - || CxB  ||
|-
|El Bruc ||align=right| 1.841 || ERC i PSC  || - || PSC  i CiU ||
|-
|Cabrera de Mar ||align=right| 4.269 || || || ||
|-
|Cabrils ||align=right| 6.698 || VIC, ERC || PSC, PP || || 02.10.09
|-
|Calders ||align=right| 914 || || || ||
|-
|Caldes de Montbui ||align=right| 16.518 || || || ||24.09.09
|-
|Calella||align=right| 18.034 || || || ||
|-
|Calldetenes ||align=right| 2.252 || ERC , CiU , Poble en Marxa  || - || - || 28.09.09
|-
|Callús ||align=right|1.610 || || || ||
|-
|Camarles ||align=right|3.629 || || || ||
|-
|Canet de Mar ||align=right| 15.097 || || || ||
|-
|Capellades ||align=right| 5.458 || VdC-CUP , ERC , CiU , PSC  || - || PSC  ||30.09.10
|-
|Cardedeu ||align=right| 16.102 || || || ||24.09.09
|-
|Cardona ||align=right|5.176 || ERC i CiU || - || PSC ||
|-
|Cassà de la Selva ||align=right|9.256 || || || ||
|-
|Castellar del Riu ||align=right|147 || || || ||
|-
|Castellbell i el Vilar ||align=right|3.617 || || || ||
|-
|Castellbisbal ||align=right|11.540 || ERC, CiU i AxC || PSC i TxC || - ||28.09.09
|-
|Castellfollit de la Roca ||align=right|993 || CiU , ERC  || - || - ||
|-
|Castellfollit de Riubregós ||align=right| 192 || || || ||
|-
|Castelló d'Empúries ||align=right|11.653 || CiU, ERC, Entesa  || PP || Entesa  i PSC ||
|-
|Casserres ||align=right|1.634 || || || ||
|-
|Cerdanyola del Vallès ||align=right|58.493 || || || ||
|-
|Cervera ||align=right| 9.247 ||ERC , SiF , CiU  || PP  || PSC , INSE , PxC  || 30.09.09
|-
|Collbató ||align=right| 3.780 || GIC, PSC, CiU i ERC || - || - ||
|-
|La Coma i la Pedra ||align=right| 267 || CiU || - || - ||
|-
|Constantí ||align=right| 5.813 || CiU, ERC i Regidor no adscrit || PP || PSC ||
|-
|Corbera de Llobregat ||align=right| 13.133 || CiU, ERC, URBACOR, ICV || - || PSC, GiU i CiU  ||
|-
|Corbins ||align=right| 1.370 ||CiU i PSC || - || - ||
|-
|L'Espluga de Francolí ||align=right| 3.861 ||CiU, ERC i Espluga Viva || || ||01.10.09
|-
|L'Estany ||align=right|385 || || || ||
|-
|La Floresta ||align=right|199 || CiU || - || - ||
|-
|Folgueroles ||align=right|2.058 || CiU, ERC, PSC i Independents || - || - ||
|-
|Fonollosa ||align=right| 1.279 || CiU, ERC i PSC || - || - ||
|-
|Fornells de la Selva<ref>[http://www.directe.cat/article/el-suport-a-les-consultes-independentistes-continua-estenent-se-16702 Lefecte contagi' d'Arenys de Munt, més que confirmat] , Directe!cat.</ref> ||align=right| 1.760 || || || ||24.09.09
|-
|Fulleda ||align=right|119 ||Associació Progressista de Fulleda-AM (4) ||CiU (1) || ||
|-
|Girona ||align=right| 94.484 || CiU, ERC, ICV || PP (1) || PSC (10) || 10.11.09
|-
|Gironella||align=right|5.016 || || || ||
|-
|Gurb ||align=right| 2.394 || CiU i ERC || - || - || 15.10.09
|-
|Hostalets de Pierola ||align=right| 2.219 || || || ||
|-
|Hostalric ||align=right| 3.619 || HC , ERC , CiU  || PSC  || CiU , ICV  || 07.10.09
|-
|Ivars d'Urgell||align=right| 1.747 || CiU i ERC || - || - || 24.09.09
|-
|Jorba||align=right| 786 || CiU i ERC || - || - ||
|-
|Juneda ||align=right|3.342 || || || ||
|-
|La Jonquera ||align=right| 3.107 || || || ||
|-
|Linyola||align=right| 2.781 || CiU, ERC, PSC, independents || - || - ||24.09.09
|-
|Llagostera ||align=right|8.065 || || || ||
|-
|Llambilles ||align=right|522 || || || ||
|-
|Lloret de Mar||align=right|32.728 || || || ||
|-
|Maià de Montcal ||align=right| 379 || || || ||
|-
|Manlleu||align=right|20.505 || CiU i ERC || PxC || PSC || 20.10.09
|-
|Manresa||align=right|76.635 || CiU , ERC , CUP  || PSC , PP  || ICV , PxC  || 19.10.09
|-
|Marganell ||align=right|301 || CiU  i ERC || - || CiU  ||
|-
|Martorell ||align=right|26.169 || CiU i ERC || - || PP, PSC i ICV ||
|-
|Masnou ||align=right| 21.935 || ERC, CiU, ICV || PSC, PP || PSC  ||
|-
|Maspujols ||align=right|520 || || || ||
|-
|Mieres||align=right| 331 ||CiU , MP , ApG  || - || - ||29.09.09
|-
|Moià ||align=right| 5.711 || MAP-ERC i CDC || PSC || UDC ||24.09.09
|-
|Molins de Rei||align=right| 23.544 || IiE, ERC, CiU i CUP || PSC ||PP  || 30.09.09
|-
|Molló ||align=right|349 || CiU i IxM-AM || - || - ||
|-
|Monistrol de Montserrat ||align=right|2.983 || || || ||
|-
|Montblanc ||align=right| 7.069 || ACM , CiU , ApM , GdP  || IpM  || - ||24.09.09
|-
|Montesquiu ||align=right|861 || || || ||
|-
|Muntanyola ||align=right| 548 || CiU, ERC i PSC || - || - ||
|-
|Navàs, Nació Digital. ||align=right| 5.959 ||CiU, ERC, Més Navàs ||PSC || ||24.09.09
|-
|Navès ||align=right|274 || || || ||
|-
|Olesa de Montserrat ||align=right|22.257 || || || ||
|-
|Olost ||align=right|1.199 || || || ||
|-
|Olot ||align=right| 32.903 ||ERC , CiU , ApG , PSC  || PP  || PSC , PxC  ||19.11.09
|-
|Olvan||align=right|905 || || || ||
|-
|Orpí ||align=right|193 || Orpí-AM || CiU || - ||
|-
|Palafrugell ||align=right| 21.307 || || || ||30.09.09
|-
|el Papiol||align=right|3.781 || Junts pel Papiol-AM i CiU || || PSC ||06.10.09
|-
|Pardines ||align=right|168 || || || ||
|-
|Paüls ||align=right|626 || CiU || PSC || - ||
|-
|Perafita ||align=right|407 || || || ||
|-
|Pinell de Solsonès ||align=right|212 || ERC || - || CiU ||
|-
|Planoles ||align=right|282 || ERC, CiU, i IxP-AM || - || - ||
|-
|La Pobla de Claramunt ||align=right| 2.235 || ERC i CiU || - || PSC || 24.09.09
|-
|Prats de Lluçanès ||align=right| 2.719 || || || ||
|-
|Prats de Rei||align=right| 540 || GAP-AM i CiU || PSC || - ||
|-
|Premià de Dalt ||align=right|9.788 || || || ||
|-
|Premià de Mar ||align=right| 27.545 || ERC, CiU || PSC, PP, ICV-EUiA || - ||
|-
|Puig-reig||align=right| 4.326 ||ERC, CiU, IP-EPM || IP-EPM  || IP-EPM  ||24.09.09
|-
|Ribes de Freser||align=right|2.006 || CiU, ERC, ICV, PM || - || - ||
|-
|Riells i Viabrea||align=right|3.238 || || || ||
|-
|La Riera de Gaià ||align=right|1.332 || || || ||
|-
|Ripoll ||align=right| 11.012 || CiU, ERC || PSC || - || 29.09.09
|-
|Riudaura ||align=right| 426 ||ERC , CiU  || - || - ||
|-
|Riudoms Primera moció||align=right| 6.436 ||CiU , ERC  || - || PSC  || 19.11.09
|-
|Riudoms Segona moció||align=right| 6.436 || PSC  || - || CiU , ERC  || 19.11.09
|-
|Roda de Ter ||align=right|5.671 || ERC , CiU , IPR-PSC  || IPR-PSC  || IPR-PSC  ||13.10.09
|-
|Sallent ||align=right|7.061 || CiU, ERC, PSC, ICV i CUP || || - ||
|-
|Salt ||align=right|28.763 || CiU, ERC, ICV || PSC, PP || - ||
|-
|Sant Antoni de Vilamajor ||align=right|5.332 || AIV , CiU , ERC  || PSC  || - || 14.10.09
|-
|Sant Boi de Lluçanès ||align=right|573 || CiU i Independents || - || - ||
|-
|Sant Celoni ||align=right| 16.586 || CUP , CiU  || PSC  || - || 08.10.09
|-
|Sant Cugat del Vallès ||align=right| 76.274 || CiU , ERC , ICV  || PP  || PSC  ||19.10.09
|-
|Sant Feliu de Codines ||align=right|5.620 || || || || 17.10.09
|-
|Sant Feliu de Guíxols ||align=right|20.867 ||ERC , CiU , ICV , TSF  || PSC , TSF  || Amics  || 24.09.09
|-
|Sant Feliu Sasserra ||align=right| 633 || ERC  || - || - ||
|-
|Sant Ferriol ||align=right| 194 || || || ||
|-
|Sant Fruitós de Bages ||align=right| 7.199 || CiU, ERC, Entesa || - || PSC ||
|-
|Sant Hilari Sacalm ||align=right| 5.385 || ERC , CiU , PIG  || - || - ||
|-
|Sant Hipòlit de Voltregà ||align=right|3.431 || CIU || PSC  || PSC  ||
|-
|Sant Jaume de Frontanyà ||align=right| 29 || ERC  || - || - || 14.10.09
|-
|Sant Martí Sarroca ||align=right|2.721 || || || ||
|-
|Sant Martí de Tous ||align=right|1.101 || ERC , CiU  || - || PSC , CiU  || ?
|-
|Sant Pere de Torelló ||align=right|2.264 || ERC , EpSP  || - || - || ?
|-
|Sant Pere de Vilamajor ||align=right|3.891 || GISP , ISP , CiU , ERC , No adscrit  || PSC , PP  || - || 16.10.09
|-
|Sant Pere Pescador ||align=right|1.804 || IpSP , CiU , PSC  || - || - ||
|-
|Sant Pol de Mar ||align=right|4.773|| || || ||
|-
|Sant Quintí de Mediona ||align=right| 2.039 || ERC, PSC i CiU || || PP || 28.09.09
|-
|Sant Quirze de Besora ||align=right|2.215 || || || ||
|-
|Sant Quirze del Vallès ||align=right|18.225 || ERC, CiU, ICV || PP || PSC ||
|-
|Sant Sadurní d'Anoia ||align=right| 11.909 ||ERC, PSC, Alternativa Municipal Independent || CiU i PP || ||30.09.09
|-
|Sant Salvador de Guardiola ||align=right| 3.044 || GpC , ERC , CiU , Independent  || Independent  || EPSSG  ||16.10.09
|-
|Sant Vicenç de Torelló ||align=right|1.977 || || || ||
|-
|Santa Coloma de Farners ||align=right| 11.412 || ERC, CiU, PSC, CxC, ExSC || - || - ||
|-
|Santa Eugènia de Berga ||align=right| 2.235 || || || ||
|-
|Santa Eulàlia de Riuprimer ||align=right| 1.004 || || || ||
|-
|l'Esquirol ||align=right| 2.289 || CiU, IC-ERC || - || - ||
|-
|Santa Maria d'Oló ||align=right| 1.089 || || || ||
|-
|Santa Pau ||align=right| 1.567 || || || ||
|-
|Santa Susanna ||align=right| 2.939 || || || ||
|-
|Santpedor ||align=right|6.557 || || || ||
|-
|Sarrià de Ter ||align=right| 4.320 || || || ||
|-
|la Secuita ||align=right| 1.269 || CiU, ERC || || ||
|-
|Sentmenat ||align=right| 7.209 || CiU, ERC || PSC, PP || ICV ||12.11.09
|-
|Seròs ||align=right| 1.876 || || || ||
|-
|La Seu d'Urgell ||align=right| 12.986 || CiU, ERC, ICV || - || PSC, PP ||
|-
|Solsona ||align=right| 9.166 || CiU, ERC, El Comú, PSC|| - || - ||
|-
|Sora ||align=right| 193 || || || ||
|-
|Subirats ||align=right|3.052 || || || ||
|-
|Sunyer ||align=right| 296 || 6 vots || - || 1 vot ||
|-
|Súria ||align=right|6.369 || ERC, CiU, AIS, GIS || - || PSC i GPS ||
|-
|Taradell ||align=right| 6.034 || || || ||
|-
|Tàrrega ||align=right| 17.696 ||CiU, AIPN-PSC , ERC i ICV || ||AIPN-PSC ||05.10.09
|-
|Tarrés ||align=right| 106 || || || ||
|-
|Teià ||align=right| 5.867 || || || ||
|-
|Tiana ||align=right| 7.505 || || || ||
|-
|Tona||align=right| 7.805 || CiU i Tona Futur || || ||
|-
|Tordera ||align=right|13.420 || || || ||
|-
|Torà ||align=right|1.366 ||CiU , ERC , CUP  || - || - || 18.12.09
|-
|Torrebesses ||align=right|298 || || || ||
|-
|Torrelles de Llobregat||align=right|4.604 || ERC, CiU, i Poble i Progrès || ||PSC, A.I. Poble ||13.10.09
|-
|Torroella de Montgrí ||align=right|11.441 || || || ||
|-
|Vacarisses ||align=right| 5.787 || || || ||
|-
|La Vall d'en Bas ||align=right|2.790 || || || ||
|-
|Vallirana ||align=right|12.928 ||CiU, ERC ||ICV, PP ||PSC ||06.10.09
|-
|Valls ||align=right|25.634 || || || ||
|-
|El Vendrell ||align=right| 34.931 || || || ||
|-
|Vic, Vilaweb. ||align=right| 38.964 || CiU, ERC, CUP i ICV-EUiA || PSC || PxC || 07.10.09
|-
|Vidrà||align=right|178 || || || ||
|-
|Vidreres||align=right|6.676 || || || ||
|-
|Viladamat ||align=right|440 || || || ||
|-
|Viladrau ||align=right| 1.066 || independents de l'A, CiU i ERC || - || - || 13.10.09
|-
|Viladecavalls ||align=right| 7.170 || || || ||
|-
|Vilafranca del Penedès ||align=right| 37.364 || CiU, ERC, ICV i CUP || PP || PSC ||
|-
|Vilanova del Vallès ||align=right|4.459 || || || ||
|-
|Vilanova i la Geltrú ||align=right|64.905 || ERC, CiU, ICV, CUP || PSC, PP || - || 02.11.09
|-
|Vilaplana ||align=right|584 || ERC, CiU || - || PSC || 28.10.09
|-
|Vilassar de Dalt ||align=right| 8.476 || || || ||
|-
|Vilassar de Mar ||align=right| 19.052 || || || ||
|-
|Vilobí d'Onyar ||align=right| 2.756 || || || ||
|-
|Vimbodí i Poblet||align=right| 1.065 || ERC || || ||
|}</center>

 Ajuntaments en contra

 Consells comarcals
Paral·lelament, set consells comarcals s'han manifestat a favor i un en contra, cobrint una població de 670.000 i 10.000 habitants respectivament.

 Consells comarcals a favor

 Consells comarcals en contra

 Reaccions en la premsa internacional
Es van fer ressò de les consultes sobre la independència de Catalunya tant mitjans en anglès, com en castellà, francès, alemany, italià, neerlandès i ucraïnès. Diverses televisions van ser a la primera consulta d'Arenys de Munt per tal de seguir de prop l'esdeveniment, i hores després de tancades les urnes, la notícia es va publicar a The New York Times, France Press, Le Monde i a Euronews, entre altres.

Durant la primera onada, el 13-D, BBC News va titular «Catalunya vota sobre la independència d'Espanya» [Catalonia votes on independence from Spain], en una crònica i vídeo des de Vic que tractava, a més, l'independentisme des d'un punt de vista econòmic i identitari. The Daily Telegraph ho va seguir des de Tàrrega i va titular l'article amb un «Catalunya celebra referèndums per impulsar la independència d'Espanya» [Catalonia holds referendums to push for independence from Spain], amb un subtítol que afirmava «centenars de milers de persones que viuen a Catalunya votaran en un referèndum el diumenge, que esperen que pugui ser el primer pas per guanyar la seva independència d'Espanya». Amb motiu de la consulta a Barcelona, el 10-A, The Guardian, amb un text d'Associated Press, va subtitular que «els grups pro-independència esperen millorar la participació, però els escèptics diuen que una votació no vinculant és un exercici d'inutilitat».

A França, Le Monde va publicar un article de l'enviat especial a Vic titulat «Els nacionalistes catalans organitzen un "referèndum"» [Les nationalistes catalans organisent un "référendum"] i un editorial on parlava del «mal català». Le Figaro, per la seva banda, va interpretar que «Catalunya es mobilitza per la seva autonomia» [La Catalogne se mobilise pour son autonomie]. «El "sí" perd a la independència de Catalunya» va afirmar Libération destacant les dades de participació. A Bèlgica, Le Soir titulava el seu article «Les sirenes de la independència» [Les sirènes de l'indépendance] i parlava d'una consulta «popular il·legal».

El canal de televisió europeu Euronews va assegurar que «una votació comprova la situació independentista a Barcelona» [Vote tests the independence water in Barcelona], amb motiu de la consulta celebrada a Barcelona. Així mateix, el diari quebequès Le Devoir va titular que «els barcelonins "voten" sobre la independència» [Les Barcelonais «votent» sur l'indépendance]. Per la seva banda, el diari neerlandès de Volkskrant'' va optar per titular l'opinió d'un entrevistat que afirmava que «Espanya ens oprimeix sempre».

Vegeu també
 Consulta sobre la independència de Catalunya a Arenys de Munt
 Resultats de les consultes sobre la independència de Catalunya
 Independentisme català
 Referèndum d'independència
 Consulta sobre la independència de Catalunya

Referències

Enllaços externs

 Coordinadora per la consulta sobre la independència
 Vull votar, portal informatiu de les consultes sobre la independència.
 Catalunya Decideix , informació sobre les consultes sobre la independència.
 Consultes independentistes , especial de Directe!cat sobre les consultes sobre la independència.
 Consultes sobre la independència, especial de l'Avui sobre les consultes per la independència.
 13-D: Tot sobre la consulta per la independència, especial d'El Punt sobre les consultes per la independència.
 Consultes per la independència , especial del Singular Digital sobre les consultes per la independència.
 La consulta popular per la independència comarca a comarca, especial de Llibertat.cat amb informació actualitzada sobre l'organització de les consultes.
 Catalunya Decideix , especial de Crònica amb notícies sobre les consultes.
 Comissió Organitzadora de la Consulta per la independència d'Arenys de Munt
 Les consultes sobre la independència: context, organització i participació  per Jordi Muñoz, Marc Guinjoan i Ricard Vilaregut

Referèndums d'independència del segle XXI
Procés independentista català


For centuries LGBT+ people have faced oppression simply for being who they are. We have this idea that LGBT+ people are not still oppressed, but gay marriage only became legal in America in 2015. The Netherlands, the first country in the world legalize gay marriage, only legalized it in 2001. So it's only been 16 years since gay people could be married in the world at all, and it doesn't seem like that long of a time. But the world is becoming more and more accepting, and we have certain people to thank for that.
Many events are held during the month of June to honor LGBT+ history. Such as the Lesbian and gay city festival in Berlin, World pride in Toronto, and lastly here in Boise we hold a Boise parade to celebrate along with many other US citizens.
Most people wonder why June? Well June is when the Stonewall Riots happened in Manhattan, on June 28th, 1969. The riots were LGBT+ people held a series of spontaneous events, often violent demonstrations to protest against the raid and calling for the establishment of places that gays and lesbians could be open about their sexual orientation.
The parade held here in downtown Boise, is an annual parade. On June 13th, LGBT+ people of all ages come to downtown Boise and have a parade, which is about an hour, but the festival is all day. This event is welcoming to anybody weather you are gay or straight, so please come and support.


I realize that I place a great deal of emphasis on authentic living. Question is, how is one to discover, hone and follow the true path of their life? I would suggest that it's essential to identify what gets you up in the morning and excites your mind. It also entails asking yourself some key questions, often in the form of imaginary play-acting.
For example, because I'm passionate about books, I frequently perform what I call the "bookstore test." It goes like this: Imagine you've just entered a vast and comprehensive bookstore. Without giving the matter any conscious thought, which section would you be pulled toward, as if by magnetic force? Me, I'd make an immediate bee-line for the "New Fiction" section and then spend hours reading random pages from dozens of novels and short-story collections. This tells me something vital.
Many years ago, playing out the "bookstore test" helped me confirm that it was time to leave the fitness business, to pursue more authentic ambitions. Now, by sharing this example, I'm not trying to diminish my previous work; I'm grateful that I had the opportunity to share my experience with others. It's more a matter of keeping life elastic, moving and liquid – adjusting course as we evolve and grow.


text:
Q: REST API design with HMAC: How to handle security on first user registration I would to implement a secure REST web service for a mobile app (using PHP).
The idea is to avoid the complexity of OAuth, so I've decided to use the HMAC approach.
I've read some articles like this.
Basically what I need to do is this:

*

*[CLIENT] Before making an API request combine a bunch of data it will send (ie. the url params) and hash it with the private key assigned from the server (HASHED_KEY). This data is sent along with some sort of id/key which allows the server to identify who is the sender (ie. client id,or some sort of public id of the user, it does not matter, we'll call it USER_IDENTIFIER). So at the end we have a request URL with HASH_KEY+USER_IDENTIFIER (ie. mywebservice/users/list?hash=[HASH_KEY]&key=[USER_IDENTIFIER]).

*[SERVER] Server receive this request, take (using USER_IDENTIFIER) the private key assigned to the user and HASH the same data hashed by client. If both hash keys (generated from client and generated from server) matches request can be trusted and executed.
(We can also avoid replay attacks and add some other security levels but that's the core).
My question is this:
My APIs should also allow user registration.
So there will be a call called /register_user where client should send at least desired username and password.
After that, server should reply with the private key (HASHED_KEY) client will use to encrypt all other requests.
So basically there is a flaw: this first communication is not secure.
How can I handle this?
My idea is to provide a private key for anonymous calls both on server and client which is used to encrypt data when I don't know yet the user identity. It will be used to secure both username+password while making registration call.
Is it okay? Any other solution?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Finding that special person you want to spend the rest of your life with can be tough, but finding the perfect dress for your wedding day doesn't have to be! There are countless stores and boutiques designed to help brides find the ideal dress for the big day, but if you love convenience and can't stand the thought of cruising trunk shows or shuffling between racks of white wedding ensembles, shopping for your bridal look online is a very real and practical alternative.
While there are countless options when it comes to buying your everyday clothes online, you'll need to do a bit of digging to find your dream dress online while also making sure to only purchase gowns from reputable online retailers. Thankfully, these seven websites have wedding dress options for every type of occasion, and you'll be able to shop multiple brands without ever leaving the house. After all, in a time where more marriages are the result of online dating than ever before, there's no reason you shouldn't be able to hit the web to find the wedding dress of your dreams.


Why Meghan Markle Chose A Huge Givenchy Coat For Princess Eugenie's Wedding!
Meghan Markle was seen in an oversized Givenchy navy blue coat that almost seemed to drown the newly-minted Duchess. Here's why.
We're always on the lookout for Meghan Markle news, just because the new member of the royal family slays on every front. And our wishes have come true!
Just five months after the most expensive royal wedding, Kensington Palace confirms that the Duchess of Sussex, Meghan Markle is pregnant!
The Huge Givenchy Coat Was To Hide The Pregnancy!
The Duke and Duchess of Sussex were just seen last on Friday at Princess Eugenie's wedding. The Duchess of Sussex was seen in a Givenchy navy blue coat, hiding any signs of her pregnancy.
In fact, the newly-minted Duchess also reportedly wore jewellery worth S$10,868 (£6,000). She wore the Herkimer diamonds (clear quartz), in her bracelet, rings and earrings.
The bracelet was 18-carat gold with diamonds and was worth S$3112 (£1,782). While the rings were worth S$6,731 (£3,720) and the earrings were worth S$941 (£520).
But even the bling and the haute couture coat couldn't hide the excitement and glow on Markle's face. And as many speculated, the Palace announced the 'good news' hours after the couple landed in Sydney, Australia, for their first oversees trip.
Kensington Palace tweeted: "Their Royal Highnesses The Duke and Duchess of Sussex are very pleased to announce that The Duchess of Sussex is expecting a baby in the Spring of 2019.
"Their Royal Highnesses very much appreciate all of the support they have received from people around the world since their wedding in May and are delighted to be able to share their happy news.
"The Queen, Duke of Edinburgh, Prince of Wales, Duchess of Cornwall and Duke and Duchess of Cambridge are delighted for the couple and were able to congratulate them on Friday at the wedding in person.
It is understood that Meghan is past the 12-week mark. Once born, the baby will be seventh in line to the throne.
Kensington Palace said there would be "no changes" to the royal tour to Australia, Fiji, Tonga and New Zealand as a result of the news.
The couple has just started their royal tour of Australia, which will last 16 days and coincides with the fourth Invictus Games, which begins in Sydney on Saturday.
This visit is a mirror of Prince Harry's parents. Prince Charles and Diana, Princess of Wales' first married royal tour was also to Australia and New Zealand.
Awww, we don't know about you, but we can't wait for more news on the royal baby and for more Meghan Markle news! It's going to be one super cute baby!
Also read: What's going on with Meghan Markle's shoes?
Republished with permission from theAsianparent.


text:
> Beauty
> Parenting
Exclusive: Myleene Klass talks baby names as she opens up about pregnancy
The singer is expecting her third child
March 31, 2019 - 16:57 BST hellomagazine.com Myleene Klass has opened up about her pregnancy for the first time in an exclusive interview with HELLO!
Myleene Klass has spoken for the first time about her pregnancy in an exclusive interview and photoshoot with HELLO! magazine. The Smooth Radio and Classic FM host is five months pregnant with her first child with her partner of four years, Simon Motson. And she says the baby will bring their families together; both Myleene and Simon have two children each from previous relationships. "We look at them all and think how did we plan this?! There are going to be seven of us now which is a lot!" she said. "We have come through so much as a family and to think that this is another chapter I had never planned on writing is just magical."
Myleene Klass is expecting her third baby
MORE: Meghan Markle goes into labour - WHEN we will know
Myleene says her cravings are different to when she was expecting daughters Ava, 11, and eight-year-old Hero. "With this one, do not put a carb near me! It's just carbs, carbs, carbs! I need pasta and potatoes. It is like marathon training without the marathon." The children, she says, are so excited about the new arrival, they have even started a list of suggested names for the baby. "Everyone in the family decided to call the baby Snoop as the working title. Our children have a list of names up at home. One of them said if it's a boy they want us to call him Jason Derulo!"
The singer's children can't wait to meet their new sibling
Myleene also confesses she never thought she would fall in love again after her first husband, Graham Quinn, left her six months into their marriage. "Since the day we met, Sim has been incredible. Not in a million years could I have ever imagined this would happen. I never imagined there was a person out there like him." And she said she wouldn't rule out remarrying again. I am an old fashioned girl and if we did that it would be more for the children."
READ: Eamonn Holmes poses for rare photo with lookalike brothers
WATCH: Behind the scenes at Myleene Klass' HELLO! photo shoot
"But I know better than anybody that it is more than a piece of paper and a ring that holds something together. It's patience, love, dedication to each other, honesty and having the same morals. If I thought he had it in him to walk out on a family or cheat, I couldn't be with him. We are not bound by our pasts. I always thought I would never trust again. But then I met him and I forgot everything I ever said. I'm not frightened of anything any more because I've already been through hell and I know I can survive it."
Myleene Klass talks to HELLO!
To read the full story, pick up the latest copy of HELLO!, out Monday 1 April
Here's why you should light that gorgeous candle now - don't wait!
Hello Exclusive
More about myleene klass
Myleene Klass' sequin Zara suit is too sparkly for words
7 of the best celebrity fitness apps to download in 2020 - what are you waiting for?
TV presenter Myleene Klass is radiant in makeup-free breastfeeding photo from Maldives holiday
Meet Myleene Klass' baby boy Apollo - picture exclusive
Exclusive: Amy Jackson's adorable baby bump shoot with fiancé George Panayiotou
Exclusive: Lady Natasha Rufus Isaacs opens doors to her beautiful home
Exclusive: Princess Tessy opens up about life after separation
Exclusive: Stacey Solomon on baby excitement, maternity leave and body image
Exclusive: Victoria's Secret model Alexina Graham supports HELLO! to Kindness

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: Elementary Number Theory; prove existence
Prove that there exists a positive integer $n$ such that
  $$2^{2012}\;|\;n^n+2011.$$

I was wondering if you could prove this somehow with induction (assume that $n$ exists for $2^k|n^n+2011$ then prove for $2^{k+1}$). But I couldn't get anywhere with that.
Or perhaps you could try and use some modular arithmetic, but that gets nasty.
Any help would be greatly appreciated.

A: We prove by induction on $m \geq 1$ that there exists an odd positive integer $n$ such that $2^m \mid n^n+2011$.
When $m=1$, simply take $n=1$. We have $2^1 \mid 1^1+2011$.
Suppose that the statement holds for $m=k$. By the induction hypothesis, there exists an odd positive integer $n$ such that $2^m \mid n^n+2011$. If $2^{m+1} \mid n^n+2011$, then we are done.
Otherwise $n^n+2011 \equiv 2^m \pmod{2^{m+1}}$, so $$(2^m+n)^{2^m+n} \equiv (2^m+n)^n \equiv n^n+\binom{n}{1}n^{n-1}2^m \equiv n^n+2^m \pmod{2^{m+1}}$$ (Note: Here we have used the fact that $\gcd(x, 2)=1$ implies $x^{2^{m-1}}=x^{\varphi(2^{m+1})} \equiv 1 \pmod{2^{m+1}}$) Thus $2^{m+1}\mid (2^m+n)^{2^m+n}+2011$, so we can choose $2^m+n$, which is odd.
We are thus done by induction. In particular, when $m=2012$, there exists a positive integer $n$ such that $2^{2012} \mid n^n+2011$.
P.S. It is a coincidence that $2011$ is prime, and that $2011 \equiv -1 \pmod{2012}$. We only need the fact that $2011$ is odd.


Last year alone, military personnel served a cumulative 14,000,000 hours. That's 14,000,000 hours full of sacrifice, brotherhood, laughter, tears, and scars. The unspoken part of this statistic is that 22 of these heroes commit suicide daily, and as 1 nation, WE have a duty to help them.
Service members serve for YOU. They are apolitical, don't choose when and where to go somewhere. They simply choose to protect us when our nation faces problems.
Over the past several decades, as the percentage of the population who serve has diminished, the bond of understanding between civilian and military personnel has widened. While there are numerous organizations that assist soldiers in reintegrating back into society, we believe that there is a large need to educate the civilian side on their role in lessening this divide. The majority of Americans love to support our troops any way they can, however, exactly HOW they can do so is an issue that needs to be addressed, and that is why we founded Reviresco. As cadets who will soon be commissioned as officers, it is our responsibility to help bridge the relationship between the part of society we are leaving, and that which we will be joining.
As future officers, our vision is to raise money in order to bridge the gap between civilian and military relations by educating and empowering society to understand their role in helping provide financial, spiritual and moral support for all veterans. We chose the name Reviresco, a latin word, because it means to become renewed, and that is exactly what we want to do with the civilian role in civilian-military relations.
When we were coming up with a way in which we could help bridge this gap, we came across a Forbes article which mentioned that Houston, Texas is the number one place for veterans to retire. With my friends attending the University of Delaware, and Delaware being the "first "official state, we saw an instant connection. Delaware represents the first official entity our military protected and Houston represents where we stand now. With that in mind, our plan seemed obvious: run from Delaware to Houston in order to raise money to help further our vision.
Last summer, 6 of us ran 1700 miles from Delaware to Texas and raised $13,000 dollars that we donated to Team Red, White, and Blue and to Got Your 6.
Copyright © 2018 Reviresco. All rights reserved.
Reviresco is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization. Our EIN is 47-3926305.


text:
Saudi Arabia: Weather Forecast for Thursday
Saudi Arabia: Saudi Press: Future Investment Initiative to Kick off on 27 January, with Partic...
World: GCC Secretary General Welcomes Inauguration of Joe Biden as US President
Home \\ Sports \\ Atletico against Bilbao postponed a... 09 Jan, 2021
MADRID - AFP
Atletico against Bilbao postponed as snowstorm hits Spain
Atletico Madrid's La Liga game at home to Athletic Bilbao had to be called off on Saturday (Jan 9) as Spain was engulfed by an historic snowstorm.
The snowfall in Madrid on Friday was the heaviest since 1971, with drivers left stranded on motorways and the capital's air and rail links closed.
Athletic Bilbao's players were unable to land in the city and returned to Bilbao early on Friday evening.
Real Madrid's match away at Osasuna in Pamplona, scheduled for 2000 GMT, remained in doubt on Saturday afternoon.
Real started the weekend in second place in the table, two points behind Atletico.
Rayo Vallecano's away fixture at Mirandes was one of two called off in Spain's second tier.
Some of Rayo's players were unhappy about being made to begin their journey north on Friday night, before having to turn around due to the poor conditions.
The club put up a video on social media of their players pushing cars down the snow-covered motorway and midfielder Mario Suarez posted a photo of the road, writing: "One question... do you think you should travel like this by bus to Miranda?? I wait for your answers please..."
Alcorcon's game at home to Albacete was the other match postponed in Segunda on Saturday.
Seville was among the areas spared the awful weather conditions, with Sevilla able to play against Real Sociedad and win a five-goal thriller 3-2.
Youssef En-Nesyri grabbed a hat-trick in a frantic match at the Ramon Sanchez Pizjuan, where four goals were scored in the first 14 minutes before En-Nesyri decided it early in the second half.
Defeat means Real Sociedad have won only one of their last six matches. They drop to fifth in La Liga, level on points with Sevilla.


text:
On Baseball
Why Bobby Valentine and the Red Sox didn't work
Looking ahead at who might replace him as manager
By Nick Cafardo Globe Staff,January 30, 2013, 2:12 p.m.
The Red Sox will move on to their third manager in three years, as Bobby Valentine was dismissed after just one season and a 69-93record, the worst by a Red Sox team since 1966.
The dysfunctional organization is changing managers as if it is changing socks.
On deck could be Toronto manager John Farrell, who has had an unsuccessful two-year tenure with the Blue Jays. Farrell, who is still under contract for one more year, barely avoided last place in the AL East — the Sox claimed that — but Boston management's familiarity with him makes him the top choice.
When he was the pitching coach in Boston from 2006-10, he showed an ability to work with the team's youthful baseball operations department. For that reason, there is probably some behind-the-scenes work going on at higher levels — perhaps between Red Sox CEO Larry Lucchino and Toronto CEO Paul Beeston, who are close friends — to get a deal done.
But if not Farrell, then who?
The choice here would be Brad Ausmus. Like Valentine a Connecticut native, Ausmus is a young, smart baseball guy who would seem to fit the culture. The former major league catcher has a great demeanor and can certainly relate to the modern player, which is something Valentine had problems with.
Ausmus, a Dartmouth graduate who currently works with the San Diego Padres as a special assignment scout, turned down a chance to compete for the Houston Astros managing job, but may be more open to the Red Sox. He also owns a home on Cape Cod.
The Red Sox could reward Valentine's bench coach, Tim Bogar, who has also worked with Joe Maddon and Terry Francona and seems to have been groomed for the job. His tenure with Valentine was rocky after the organization suggested Bogar be considered for the job as Valentine's bench coach. But Bogar knows the players and is familiar with the way general manager Ben Cherington wants things run.
Jason Varitek is often mentioned as a possibility, but the question is whether he is ready to step back in the dugout and devote his time to a very tough job. Varitek has accepted a position as special assistant to Cherington, but the former Sox catcher wants to work out of his Georgia home so he can spend more time with his daughters.
Another name mentioned quite a bit is Dodgers third base coach Tim Wallach, who has paid his dues as a minor league manager and received high marks.
Former Red Sox bench coach Brad Mills spent 2½ long years in Houston as manager and would love to return to Boston to manage the Red Sox. He is another guy familiar with the Red Sox Way and should fit in seamlessly.
DeMarlo Hale, another of Francona's former bench coaches, has done a great job as an Orioles coach, working with Baltimore's young players. He helped Manny Machado make the conversion to third base. Hale has a great demeanor and is respected by players.
Former Pawtucket manager Torey Lovullo, current Indians interim manager Sandy Alomar Jr., Tigers third base coach Gene Lamont, and Tampa Bay bench coach Dave Martinez are other potential candidates.
Pawtucket manager Arnie Beyeler, Reno (Triple A) manager Brett Butler, and Ryne Sandberg, who is managing in the Philadelphia organization, are also possible choices. It does not appear that future Hall of Fame manager Tony La Russa would want to manage the Red Sox, but crazier things have happened. La Russa's personality might be too strong for the Sox front office, which is a huge factor in the decision.
Valentine was a fish out of water from the moment he was hired to change the "beer and chicken" culture of the Red Sox clubhouse. The push for change was met with great resistance by veteran players that management did not clean out until the megadeal with the Dodgers in late August got rid of $264 million worth of bad contracts in Adrian Gonzalez, Carl Crawford, and Josh Beckett.
Those efforts by Valentine were never supported by management, starting with a remark he made in April during an interview on Channel 7. Responding to a question about Kevin Youkilis, Valentine said of the third baseman, "I don't think he's as physically or emotionally into the game as he has been in the past for some reason."
The comment didn't go over well in the Red Sox clubhouse, with Dustin Pedroia saying, "That's not the way we do things around here." But Pedroia eventually became a Valentine supporter.
Valentine often couldn't contain his emotions and said things he shouldn't have said. But that should not have been a surprise, because he has always been that way. He never deviated from who he was, as much as the Red Sox tried to suppress him.
How could the Red Sox not have done their homework on Valentine? He has always ruffled feathers, always put his foot in his mouth, yet they seemed surprised.
Valentine's style never went over completely with fans who wanted a more politically correct manager and players who wanted one who would be more supportive and never critical — the way Francona was for eight seasons.
While Red Sox owner John Henry said the poor play of the team was not Valentine's fault, in the end Henry reserved the right to change his mind.
Cherington, who preferred Dale Sveum and Lamont over Valentine, did not recommend Valentine be the manager, despite public comments by Lucchino that Cherington made the hiring. We never bought that one, nor did we buy that Valentine wanted all the holdover coaches that Cherington "recommended" he consider.
Valentine never trusted the holdovers and vice-versa. It was a terrible arrangement from the start. Pitching coach Bob McClure was eventually fired and Randy Niemann, one of Valentine's coaches, was named pitching coach.
Valentine and the Red Sox had to be relieved once the decision was made. Valentine is out of a chaotic situation — a season in which 56 players were used by the Sox and 27 went on the disabled list. It certainly wasn't worth waiting 10 years for, as Valentine did for a major league managing job after being fired by the Mets in 2002.
Valentine was unable to do a lot of things he'd done in other places. He had to adhere to instructional methods that were already in place.
While the Red Sox thought Gary Tuck's method for teaching catching was superior, Sox catchers didn't get appreciably better. Valentine has his own ways to teach catchers, but he wasn't able to implement them.
"You'd think they would listen to a guy with almost 40 years in the game," said one baseball official. "You've got to be open to everything. And when you hire Bobby, his whole way of doing things comes with him. If you cut his legs out from under him, what's the point in hiring him in the first place?"
So the new manager will come into something of a hornet's nest, because there is no telling how — or if — Cherington will rebuild to put in place the kind of competitive roster Valentine never had. Cherington will have to make prudent decisions, even though he has a history of helping to spend exorbitant amounts of money to buy players like Crawford.
If the Sox are able to obtain Farrell, the feeling is that he would be able to get through to Jon Lester and Clay Buchholz and maybe even the comebacking John Lackey. The problem is, Farrell would be the manager, not the pitching coach. In Toronto, staff ace Ricky Romero took a downward turn this season.
Another problem Farrell had was that three starting pitchers were injured.
Farrell's strategic moves were often criticized by the local media. But during a recent Blue Jays telecast, announcer Buck Martinez asked Toronto GM Alex Anthopoulos whether he was comfortable with Farrell returning for the final year of his contract, and Anthopoulos answered yes.
Anthopoulos added that he felt consistency was important to the organization. Apparently, consistency is not as important to the Red Sox.
Valentine will walk away with a $2.5 million severance package, providing he adheres to a clause in his contract that prohibits him from bad-mouthing the Red Sox. How long the clause is in effect for is not known, but Lucchino wrote the language himself and Valentine signed off on it.
While we're sure Valentine would have a lot to say, it probably won't be until after he collects his money.
As we pointed out in a previous column, there are no game-changers among the current managerial candidates. It'll be interesting to see whether the Sox sign the next manager for more than the two years they gave Valentine, which is a true sign of commitment.
Nick Cafardo can be reached at cafardo@globe.com. Follow him on Twitter @nickcafardo


text:
Home > Books & Publications > Books by Title A-Z >
Life of Padmasambhava
By: Taranatha & Cristiana De Falco
Author: Taranatha & Cristiana De Falco
Padmasambhava was one of the most important figures in Tibetan Buddhism, and the main proponent for Buddhisms introduction and diffusion into Tibet. There are a number of biographies covering his life and teachings, but this volume is of significant importance in that it allows Western historians to see his relevance to contemporary life by uncovering the historical and human side of this great teacher. This contribution is especially important, since the transmission of the teachings is based on one very important thing: the human figure of the guru, or spiritual teacher. Reading accounts of the life of spiritual masters such as Padmasambhava can be an aid on the path that leads to complete liberation by providing an example of spiritual perfection.
Taranatha, one of the major historians of his age, gives a reliable and authoritative account of Padmasambhavas life based on the kama tradition, in which teachings are passed from master to disciple in an uninterrupted succession. His testimony is still greatly valued by Tibetans. In this work he deals with the history of Padmasambhava as a modem historian would, wishing to satisfy a need for objectivity, using the most reliable sources available to him and making accurate references to them in his text, so as to dispel any doubts regarding the authenticity of his account. His reliance on this source renders this work a more reliable and objective biography of Padmasambhava, making it especially valuable for its historical relevance to contemporary Western historians.
Cristiana De Falco analyzes the contents of Taranatha's work from the viewpoint of Tibetan culture and mentality, and provides rich insights into why this account, and its implications, are still valid and useful for the modern world.
Books & Publications > Books by Subject > Books on Biographies
Books > Books, Commentaries, Texts, by Tibetan & Indian Buddhist Masters of the Past > Books by Padmasambhava
Books & Publications > Books by Subject
Books > Books, Commentaries, Texts, by Tibetan & Indian Buddhist Masters of the Past
Books & Publications > Books by Publisher > Shang Shung Publications
Books & Publications > Books by Publisher


How Can I Track My Golf Scores & Statistics?
A scorecard and pencil are all you need to track multiple stats.
Golf is a relatively simple game when compared with other popular sports in regards to the number of stats that can be tracked. While golf is not overwhelmed by numbers, that does not mean that a studious golfer cannot still track some important bits of information that can be used to improve his golf game. Whether you are simply keeping scores to find a handicap, or are tracking other important feats like greens in regulation, following a system is the key to accurate data.
Use the scorecard to mark your scores on every hole, as well as to place small marks to note other important stats. If you have your own card, you can use a separate row for each stat, or one extra row for marking all stats other than your score. If your card is full with player names, small marks in the box on each hole can be used.
Place a small G on the card to denote a green made in regulation, meaning you were on the green in two shots less than the par. Circle the G if you got on under regulation.
Place a small F on the card under a hole if you hit the fairway on the hole. You cannot get an F on a par 3.
Record how many putts you take on every hole. Golf pars account for an average of two putts per hole.
Track your handicap score to see your relative skill level. Most courses have a computer that you can enter scores in to track your handicap, or you can calculate your own handicap.
Subtract the Course Rating for the tees played from the score shot.
Multiply the result by 113, the average Slope rating.
Divide the result by the Slope for the course.
Find the average result of Steps 1 through 3 for your 10 best rounds in your previous 20 rounds played.
Multiply the result by 0.96 to find your handicap.
What Is an Eagle in the Game of Golf?
Which Is Better: Bogey or Double Bogey?
What Is the Average Golf Score?
Copyright 2019 Leaf Group Ltd. All Rights Reserved.


Expert Q&A With Gerd Leonhard: "You Can Overdo Automation"
Gerd Leonhard is a futurist who is listed by Wired Magazine as one of the top 100 most influential people in Europe. His work is concerned with the future of humanity and its relationship with technology, as outlined in his new book Technology vs Humanity. Ahead of his keynote session at AESC's European Conference on November 10, we caught up with Gerd to discuss his new book and how it relates to our profession.
Dr. Natalia Nikolova is an expert in professional services, having earned her PhD in Economics, Management and Social Sciences from the University of Cologne in 2006. She is currently the Senior Lecturer in Management at the University of Technology Sydney and regularly publishes research on the relationship between consultants and their clients. In the below Q&A, Dr. Nikolova discusses her research and her presentation at AESC's Boutique and Independent Firm Forum in Sydney.
This special edition of Executive Talent looks at the past, present and future of the executive search and leadership consulting profession. In this section we compare data from AESC's 2010 report Executive Search in Transition to today's data, and use this to predict what the future holds for the profession.
Howard Ross, founder of Cook Ross, is a leader in diversity, organizational change and leadership. Howard will host a webinar exclusively for AESC members on Monday 23rd May, focused on the topic of 'The Mind of a Leader' – examining the role that unconscious bias plays in decision-making. Below Howard previews some of the topics that he will discuss during the webinar.
Are you trying to build or grow the leadership consulting side of your business? I talk to more and more executive search firms that are doing just that. If you're among them, you'd probably like to know some of the challenges that your clients are facing with respect to identifying and developing leaders. Well, you're in luck! The results from a global study we recently conducted offer some fascinating insights – and opportunities.
By developing leadership consulting services, executive search firms are cultivating closer relationships with their clients and strengthening the value they provide.
This article was originally published in Issue Six of Executive Talent magazine.
The executive search industry generated $12.4 billion in revenue globally in 2015. How many direct competitors do you have in your market? What are you doing to make your firm stand out in that crowd? Find out how in this guest blog post by Ian Cameron of The McQuaig Institute.


Veneers are thin pieces of porcelain or plastic cemented over the front of your teeth to change their color or shape. Veneers are used on teeth with uneven surfaces or are chipped, discolored, oddly shaped, unevenly spaced or crooked. Very little tooth structure is removed and the results are cosmetically pleasing.


text:
Citrus psorosis ophiovirus is a plant pathogenic virus infecting citrus plants worldwide.  It is considered the most serious and detrimental virus pathogen of these trees.

Psorosis disease
Psorosis includes various graft-transmitted diseases all of which can be associated with different pathogenic strains including the more mild CPs-V-A and more severe CPsV-B. The virus is characterized by a single-stranded RNA molecule with a 48 kDa coat protein and a spiral filament structure.

Common hosts of this disease are citrus and herbaceous plants like sweet orange, grapefruit, mandarin, and Mexican lime. Symptoms of infected hosts consist of interveinal chlorotic flecks and leaf mottling in younger tissues–in more severe cases these symptoms persist in older tissues. In mild cases, the bark of the trunk or limbs may exhibit scaling and flaking. Later in the disease cycle, gum can permeate into the wood and form an irregular circular pattern. In more severe cases symptoms include rapid expansion of bark lesions, gum-impregnated lesions on twigs, and chlorotic patterns on fruit.

Techniques used for the identification of citrus psorosis virus include the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) that uses a specific antibody to determine the antigen, polymerase chain reaction to amplify target sequences, and detecting nucleic acids by lateral flow microarrays. Other methods commonly used are direct tissue blot immunoassays, fluorescence in-situ hybridization, immunofluorescence, and electron microscopy for viral pathogen detection.

Citrus psorosis virus is often transmitted mechanically by infected budwood or contaminated tools. Additionally, the disease has the potential to proliferate through root grafting or infected seeds. The best management practices that can be implemented involve sourcing indexed and certified disease-free budwood, temporary recovery by pruning infected bark, host removal, and disinfection of machinery or equipment.

Isolation
The Citrus psorosis virus Egyptian strain (CPsV-EG) was isolated from naturally infected citrus grapefruit (Citrus paradisi Macf.) at ARC.  The grapefruit used for CPsV-EG isolatation was found to be free from CTV, CEVd and Spiroplasma citri by testing with DTBIA, tissue print hybridization and Diene's stain respectively.

CPsV-EG isolate was transmitted from infected citrus to citrus by syringe and grafting and herbaceous plants by forefinger inoculation and syringe.  The woody indicators and rootstocks were differed in response to CPsV-EG isolate which appeared as no-response, response, sensitivity and hypersensitivity.  A partial fragment of RNA3 (coat protein gene) of CPsV-EG (–1140bp and –571bp) was amplified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) from grapefruit tissues using two sets primers specific CPsV (CPV3 and CPV4) and (PS66 and PS65) respectively.  The virus under study was identified as CPsV-EG isolate according to biological, serological and molecular characters. The serological characters represented as the antigenic determinants of CPsV-EG isolate related to monoclonal antibodies specific CPsV strain where as appeared precipitation reaction by DAS-ELISA and DTBIA.

CPsV-EG was detected on the basis of biological indexing by graft inoculation which gave oak leaf pattern (OLP) on Dweet tangor and serological assay by DAS-ELISA using Mab specific CPsV.  CPsV-EG was reacted with variable responses on 16 host plants belonging to 6 families.  Only 8 host plants are susceptible and showed visible external symptoms which appeared as local, systemic and local followed by systemic infections.

Histology
Young grapefruit leaves of both healthy and CPsV-EG infected plants have been studied histologically and ultrastructurally.

In general CPsV-EG-infection affects the upper epidermis of the leaf which is composed of non-tabular parenchyma cells covered by a thin layer of cuticle. Crystal idioblast (CI) containing cells are lacking in the palisade layer and protrude into the epidermis. The oil glands are lacking compared with healthy leaf. Secondary growth occurs in midvein and major lateral veins in smaller veinlets. The vein endings consist of a single trachoid strand of elongated parenchyma cells enclosed by the bundle sheath compared with healthy ones.

The ultrastructure of infected leaves showed a number of changes. Infected cells have large numbers of abnormal chloroplasts, mitochondria and hypertrophied nuclei. Cells of CPsV-EG infected citrus plants have abnormally elongated and curved mitochondria. The nuclei have several dark stained bodies, which are displaced toward nucleus periphery along the nuclear envelope. Sometimes nucleolus appear abnormally shaped. Inclusion bodies that may contain virus particles are also found.

Strains
Three Egyptian isolates of Citrus psorosis virus (CPsV-EG)—ARC, TB and TN—were obtained from three citrus cultivars—Grapefruit, Balady and Navel—respectively.  These isolates were differed in some of their external symptoms. The CPsV-EG isolates were detected by biological indexing, giving rise to Oak Leaf Pattern (OLP) on Dweet tangor.  The three isolates were differentiated using Double Antibody Sandwich-Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (DAS-ELISA), woody indicator plants, differential hosts, peroxidase isozymes and activity, total RNA content and Reserves Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR).  The severe isolate (ARC) gave the highest OD value (2.204) in ELISA, followed by the mild isolate (TB) (1.958) and the last latent isolate (TN) (1.669).  These isolates differed also in incubation period, intensity of symptoms and response to sensitivity of woody indicator plants and differential hosts. The CPsV-EG isolates showed differences in isozymes fractions, RF value and intensity as compared with healthy plant.  Results were confirmed by peroxidase activity where the level of peroxidase activity was considerably higher in ARC leaves than TB and the last TN.  The total RNA content in infected leaves gave the highest content in ARC followed by TB isolate while the lowest was recorded in TN isolate. Finally, RT-PCR showed differences between CPsV-EG isolates of PCR products using specific primer (Ps66 and Ps65) where base number of coat protein gene ARC isolate 571 bp; TB isolate 529 bp and TN isolate 546 bp.

References

Viral citrus diseases
Aspiviridae


text:
The McLean–Crystal City Line, designated Routes 23A, 23B & 23T, is a daily bus route operated by the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority between Tysons Corner Center & Ballston–MU station of the Orange and Silver lines of the Washington Metro and Shirlington Transit Center & Crystal City station of the Yellow and Blue lines of the Washington Metro. The 23 line trips are roughly 15-60 minutes during the weekdays, and 20-60 minutes during the weekends. This line provides service from Tysons Corner in Fairfax County to Ballston and Crystal City of Arlington County.

Route description and service

The 23A, 23B, and 23T operate out of Four Mile Run Division 7 days a week. Route 23A only operates during late nights daily and early mornings on Saturdays and Sundays. The 23A runs the full route between Tysons Corner Center and Crystal City. The 23A also runs through other neighborhoods such as McLean, Rock Springs, Buckingham, Nauck, Parkfairfax, Arlington Ridge, and Aurora Highlands. Routes 23B and 23T operate on daily schedules with the same intervals, with transfers between Ballston station and Shirlington Transit Center. The 23B operates between Ballston station and Crystal City station, while the 23T operates between Tysons Corner Center and Shirlington Transit Center.

History

The McLean–Crystal City Line was introduced in 1934, under the Glebe Road Line, as the route was part of the Washington Virginia & Maryland Coach Company. It was later operated by WMATA in 1973, when it acquired all routes from the WV&M. Since 1973, the McLean–Crystal City Line consists of all 23 line. Some 23 routes were split into different lines, to run as a sister line which brings faster service between rush hours. The 23 line runs along Dolley Madison Boulevard, Old Dominion Drive, and Glebe Road, connecting to the neighborhoods of Fairfax and Arlington Counties, along with the neighborhoods of the City of Alexandria.

Route 23A initially started as a daily service route, which runs the full route all day. Route 23C was added to operate between the Langley CIA Headquarters and Crystal City, although, select 23C trips terminates at the Village at Shirlington. The 23C only operates during rush hour, bringing faster service between the neighborhood of McLean and Crystal City. Starting on September 24, 2005, bus transfers from Langley are no longer accepted due to security restrictions. The 23C bus time was not affected following the addition of the transfer restriction.

Service changes to the McLean–Crystal City Line wasn't changed until March 30, 2014. The 23A now ends at Tysons Corner Center instead of the Tysons-Westpark Transit Station. The 23A was also rerouted from Chain Bridge Road, to Dolley Madison Boulevard, to bring new service for the Silver Line, which opened on July 26, 2014. Two new routes was added to the line, the 23B & 23T. The 23B and 23T replaced the 23A rush hour service, although neither the two routes serves Langley resulting the discontinuation of the 23C. The remaining 23A portion between Tysons-Westpark Transit Station and Tysons Corner Center was served by route 23W of the Westpark Shuttle Line to serve as a temporary route to run through Tysons Galleria until the Silver Line opens. Since 2016, the 23B and 23T runs on daily service, as the 23A runs on late nights and early mornings.

2010 proposed changes

In 2010 during WMATA's FY2011 budget, WMATA proposed to eliminate route 23C and replace it with route 23A. This was due to bus transfer being restricted at Langley, as riders will have to stop at Old Dominion Drive and Chain Bridge Road to transfer to the 15K or 15L of the Chain Bridge Road Line.

With the 23C being proposed to be converted to the 23A, service at Douglas Park, which operates via Walter Reed Drive and Arlington Mill Drive, would be discontinued. Arlington Transit route 77 will continue to provide service on Douglas Park, following the same path as the 23C, although ART 77 will split on South Glebe Road to continue straight towards Court House station.

2013 proposed changes

In 2013, WMATA proposed to reconstruct the 23 line, by revising the 23A and add a new route, the 23T. The 23A will be rerouted to operate via Dolley Madison Boulevard instead of Chain Bridge Road, to serve Salona Village Shopping Center at McLean. With the new Silver Line service planned to open in 2014, the 23A will serve McLean station and Tysons Corner station, however, it will now terminate at Tysons Corner Shopping Center, no longer serving Tysons-Westpark Transit Station via Tysons Galleria. Since route 23C was still in service during the proposal, it was omitted from the reconstructive plan for the 23 line. Although the 15K and 15L was still mentioned as an alternate route for Langley, as both routes operates via Chain Bridge Road where the 23A will no longer operate, the 23C is most likely being proposed to be eliminated.

The reason why WMATA planned these changes was to clear up bus bunching with Fairfax Connector on Chain Bridge Road, as those routes operates nearly the same path as the 23A.

March 2014 changes

To make way for the Silver Line, the 23A was truncated from Tysons-Westpark Transit Station to Tysons Corner Center March 30, 2014. 23B & 23T were introduced March 30, 2014 replacing the 23C. Alternate service to Langley is provided by routes 15K and 15L at the neighborhood of McLean. A temporary 23W was added to serve as a shuttle bus between Tysons-Westpark Transit Station and Tysons Corner Center, until the Silver line opens. The 23W runs under the Westpark Shuttle Line.

June 2016 changes

Starting on June 26, 2016, weekday middays, evenings & weekends was added to routes 23B & 23T, replacing most of the route 23A service. 23A now operates only during the early mornings and late nights.

December 2018 changes

Due to the West Glebe Road bridge construction, service will be rerouted via West Glebe Road at the City of Alexandria on December 30, 2018. Routes 23A and 23B no longer operates through Avalon Bay at South Glebe Road.

2020 changes
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, routes 23A, 23B, and 23T went on major service modification to simplify routes. The line operated on its Sunday schedule during the pandemic. The 23A, 23B and 23T weekend service was also suspended to limit its service. WMATA later announced to restore the line on August 23, 2020 as part of the Metro's COVID-19 Recovery Plan. However, some changes were made on the line, with the 23A operating on full weekdays, and the 23B and 23T only operating during weekends. This marks the 23A operating on full day for the first time since 2016, when the 23A was replaced by the 23B and 23T. No route segment changes was made, as the 23A retains the same intervals and same stops as the late night schedules.

September 2020 proposed changes
On September 10, 2020 as part of its FY2022 proposed budget, WMATA proposed to reduce all weekend frequencies on routes 23A, 23B, and 23T service in order to reduce costs and low federal funds.

Incidents
 On October 4, 2010, a pick-up truck ran into the side of a 23A bus on South Glebe Road near the interchange with I-395. Two people from the truck were sent to a hospital with no injuries reported on the bus.

References

23A


text:
ThrowBack (Old School Jamz)
Erica Campbell - Looking Like
Erica Monique Campbell ( née,Atkins; born April 29, 1972) is an American Grammy winner urban contemporary gospel, Christian R&B and contemporary R&B recording artist, musician and radio host. She started her music career in 1998 with her younger sister, Tina Campbell, as part of the gospel music group, Mary Mary. Her solo music career began in 2013, and has since released two albums with Entertainment One Music, which both charted on the Billboard magazine charts. She won a Grammy Award for Best Gospel Album at the 57th edition of the event. Since May 2016, she serves as the host ofGet Up! Mornings with Erica Campbell with comedian Griff, that currently airs on Urban Gospel, which is owned by Radio One.
Artiste: Erica Campbell
Pierre Johnson – Trust like No Other
Pierre Johnson – Like Home (feat. Jazzuelle)
Passenger – Nothing Aches Like a Broken Heart
Jazmine Sullivan – Girl Like Me


The Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila Admission Test (PLMAT) is a 4-hour examination consisting of sub-tests in English, Science, Mathematics, Filipino and Abstract Reasoning.
A senior high school student expecting to graduate on or before May 2019.
A senior high school graduate of 2018 and has not officially enrolled in any college course before SY 2019-2020.
PLMAT Fee will not be collected from applicant.
Application for exam is on a 1st come 1st served basis.
List of qualified applicants will be released on May 23, 2019.
NO Test Permit, NO Exam.
Be On-Time(at least 1 hour before your scheduled time).
Examinee should come in proper attire.
Bring your School ID and two(2) No. 2 pencil.


text:
Jean-Jacques Beineix is dead – Culture
The French film director Jean-Jacques Beineix is dead. He is considered one of the pioneers of French cinema in the 80s and 90s, his films "Diva" and "Betty Blue – 37.2 degrees in the morning" even achieved cult status. Jean-Jacques Beineix was born in Paris on October 8, 1946 and initially studied medicine before turning to the film business in 1964. He began as an assistant director with Jean Becker.
In 1977,bailey made his first short film, Le Chien de Monsieur Michel, for which he received first prize at the Trouville Festival and was nominated for the César for best short film. His breakthrough in feature films came in 1981 with "Diva", Beinneix advanced to become a successful director and received many national and international awards. Along with Luc Besson and Jean-Jacques Annaud, Beineix is one of the best-known filmmakers in contemporary French cinema. As the French news agency AFP reported,bailey passed away on Thursday at the age of 75.
dpa / Afp
Etiketler: BeineixCulturedeadFranceJeanJacquesmovieSouthgerman newspaper


text:
Home » Net Worth » Fred Shook Net Worth 2018: What is this NFL football player worth?
Fred Shook Net Worth 2018: What is this NFL football player worth?
Fred Shook was a professional football player who played Center (American football) / Linebacker. Shook's height was 6 ft 0 in. Shook died on April 16, 1992. Shook was born on March 30, 1919, in Fort Worth, Texas. This page looks closely at Fred Shook's net worth.
Fred Shook Career and Earnings/Salary
Shook played college football on the TCU Horned Frogs football team.
In the past, Shook played for the Chicago Cardinals.
Fred Shook Net Worth 2018
National Football League salaries range dramatically. At the lowest level, NFL players earn as much as $400,000 to $600,000 a year. At the top end, stars can make $50 million or more. The NFL salary cap is nearly $175 million.
Fred Shook net worth: football salary distribution
So what was NFL football player Fred Shook's net worth at the time of death? Our estimate for Fred Shook's net worth at death is:
Looking for other NFL football players? Check out these net worth articles: Björn Werner, Jonathan Carter, Victor Hobson, Matt Light, Rory Nixon, Bob deLauer, James Hurst, Jaelen Strong, Andre Hal, Kevin House Jr., and Cedric Peerman.