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Epidemiological situation of leprosy in a province in China: a long time to diagnosis and a high rate of deformity
Qing-Ping Zhang1 na1,
Ge Li1,2 na1,
Chao Li ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-6175-57013,
Zhao-Xing Lin1 &
Ping Chen1
BMC Public Health volume 20, Article number: 1790 (2020) Cite this article
This epidemiological study aimed to analyse both the distribution and characteristics of leprosy in an endemic province in Northwest China.
The medical records of leprosy patients in the province of Shaanxi, China, from 1998 to 2018 were collected from the Chinese Leprosy Management Information System (LEPMIS). Epidemiological variables were analysed in this study.
A total of 477 new cases were diagnosed between 1998 and 2018 in this region. The average annual detection rate was 0.070/100,000 population, and the average annual prevalence was 0.305/100,000 population. The mean age of the newly diagnosed patients was 46.7 years, and the ratio of males to females was 2.5:1. There were 399 cases (83.6%) of multibacillary (MB) leprosy. One hundred forty-eight patients (31.0%) had grade 2 disability. The mean diagnosis time for new cases was 62.0 months.
This epidemiological study showed that the characteristics of newly diagnosed leprosy cases in our province were a long time to diagnosis and a high rate of deformity, indicating the need for actions focusing on early diagnosis and treatment and strengthening the detection of leprosy in low-prevalence areas.
Leprosy, which is caused by Mycobacterium leprae, is a chronic infectious disease [1] that mainly results in injuries to the skin and peripheral nerves. It is prevalent worldwide, and has been prevalent in China for more than 2000 years. Although there is no vaccine, leprosy treatment is effective, especially when leprosy is diagnosed early. However, the global leprosy prevention and treatment strategy has not undergone major revisions [2], and the focus is still on the early detection of cases and timely regular combined chemotherapy [3]. The long disease course, high deformity rate [4], and the cooccurrence other medical problems may result in social issues, such as low quality of life and low happiness index due to discrimination [5]. Since the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949, our government has carried out a great deal of public health work [6] and implemented a large number of effective leprosy prevention and control measures [7]. Measures include the detecting of socially active leprosy patients early, administering multidrug therapy (MDT) in a timely manner, terminating transmission, and controlling \ the epidemic to the maximum extent possible [8].
In 2018, the incidence rate of leprosy in Shaanxi Province, China, fell below 1/100,000 population, which is the cut-off value for the definition of leprosy elimination in China [9]. However, there are still sporadic new cases. As an important part of the Silk Road Economic Belt and the twenty-first-Century Maritime Silk Road (B&R), our province covers a total area of 205,800 km2 and has a resident population of 38.64 million (December 2018). Due to different regional and population distributions, to explore the epidemic trend and characteristics of leprosy in this province, we retrospectively reviewed leprosy cases between 1998 and 2018 and investigated the characteristics of diagnostic time and rate of grade 2 disability due to leprosy, and we provide a basis for the effective prevention and control of leprosy in areas with low leprosy rates.
Diagnosis standard
The diagnosis of new or recurrent leprosy was based on the Leprosy Prevention Manual for Primary Care Physicians (PCPs) and Leprosy Diagnosis Standard WS291–2018 [10]. A recurrent case was defined as a patient who completed a prescribed course of treatment and had no lasting symptoms but had clinical, bacterial, or histopathological evidence of disease recurrence after achieving clinical cure (clinical inactivity) [10]. Cases were classified as having MB or PB (paucibacillary) leprosy according to the degree of skin-smear positivity [11]. The time to diagnosis was defined as the time interval between disease onset and the diagnosis of leprosy. Disability classification was based on the Disability Classification Standard for Leprosy, WHO, 1998 [12]. In 1988, the WHO Expert Committee on Leprosy substantially simplified the disability grading system into a three-grade (0,1 and 2) classification system [13]. Patients with grade 0 disability have no loss of sensation, no visible deformity and no eye problems due to leprosy. Patients with grade 1 disability have loss of sensation or eye problems due to leprosy present but no visible deformity. Patients with grade 2 disability have visible deformity or severe visual impairment. In 1998, the Committee endorsed this grading system with the amendment that lagophthalmos, iridocyclitis and corneal opacities be included in the grade 2 criteria [12].
All leprosy cases (including new, recurrent and prevalent cases) were collected from the Leprosy Prevention and Control Management Information System in China (LEPMIS). LEPMIS was designed by the Chinese government in 2010 and reports the data of not only newly diagnosed patients and those undergoing treatment but also those who have been cured and achieved lifelong management, thus comprising a detailed and comprehensive database. LEPMIS not only includes related information about disease discovery and diagnosis but also information about all aspects of leprosy management. In terms of medical record management, it not only helps with case management but also effectively monitors the management of patients and their close contacts. The data of leprosy patients from 1998 to 2009 were collected from paper files and were uploaded to LEPMIS in 2010. Administrative regions in China are divided into four levels: province, region, county, and village. In Shaanxi Province, there were 11 regions in 2018 (i.e., the Xi'an region). Seventy-two counties and 30 districts belonged to these regions. County and district administrative levels are equivalent. Population data was obtained from the Shaanxi Statistical Yearbook [14].
A new and recurrent leprosy case database was established in EXCEL 2010. Data were analysed using the χ2test for trend. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS Statistics 19.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA).
Overall situation and change trend
Between 1998 and 2018, 542 leprosy cases were reported in Shaanxi Province, with an annual detection rate of 0.070/100,000 population, as shown in Table 1. Among them, 477 were new cases, with a new case detection rate of 0.061/100,000 population. Sixty-five leprosy cases were recurrent cases, with a recurrence rate of 0.008/100,000 population. The number of current leprosy cases in this area is 2372, with an annual prevalence rate of 0.305/100,000 population. The annual new case detection rate dropped from 0.078/100,000 population in 1998 to 0.029/100,000 population in 2018, with a significant decreasing trend (χ2 = 86.85, P<0.01). The annual recurrence rate dropped from 0.014/100,000 population in 1998 to 0.000/100,000 population in 2018, with a significant decreasing trend (χ2 = 16.14, p < 0.01). The annual detection rate dropped from 0.092/100,000 population in 1998 to 0.029/100,000 population in 2018, with a significant decreasing trend (χ2 = 112.99, p < 0.01). The annual prevalence rate dropped from 0.309/100,000 population in 1998 to 0.134/100,000 population in 2018, with a significant decreasing trend (χ2 = 671.15, p < 0.01), as shown in Table 1.
Table 1 Demographic characteristics of incident and prevalent cases in Shaanxi province from 1988 to 2018
Population distribution
Among 477 newly diagnosed leprosy patients, 339 were males and 138 were females, with a male-to female ratio of 2.46:1; there was a significant difference between the sexes (χ2 = 304.17, p < 0.01), as shown in Table 1.
Between 1998 and 2018, the average age of the newly diagnosed leprosy patients in Shaanxi was 46.3 years old, and the average age of newly diagnosed patients increased from 42.7 years old in 1998 to 49.2 years old in 2018, as shown in Table 1. During this period, 2 cases in 14-year-old paediatric patients were detected (1, Ankang region, 2004; 1: Hanzhong region, 2007).
Regional distribution
A total of 542 new and recurrent cases occurred in local residents, and in 2018, 10 counties or districts in Shaanxi reported newly diagnosed cases. In 2018, 28 counties or districts reported existing cases, which were mainly distributed in southern Shaanxi, including Hanzhong, Ankang, and Shangluo. Leprosy cases were scattered in Guanzhong, and no cases were reported in northern Shaanxi for many years. By the end of 2018, only one county (Yangxian County) in Shaanxi had not reached the basic leprosy elimination index (1/100,000) stipulated by the Ministry of Health [9], China; the prevalence rate in Yangxian County was 1.29/100,000 population.
Types of cases and disability
Among 477 newly discovered cases, 399 cases (83.6%) were MB, and 78 cases (16.4%) were PB leprosy, as shown in Table 2. The ratio of MB:PB leprosy was 5.12:1. No significant difference was found in the MB:PB leprosy ratio of between 1998 and 2018 (χ2 = 0.002, P > 0.05). A significant difference was found in the MB:PB leprosy ratio between newly detected and recurrent cases (χ2 = 192.92, p < 0.01).
Table 2 Diagnostic and clinical characteristics of new leprosy cases in Shaanxi from 1998 to 2018
Of 477 newly diagnosed cases, 148 (31.03%) were associated with grade 2 disabilities. The rate of disability increased from 10.71% in 1998 to 27.27% in 2018.
Time to diagnosis in new cases
The average time to diagnosis in 477 newly detected cases was 62.0 (43.8–112.4) months according to the LEPMIS. However, the average time to diagnosis was shorter in 2018 than in 1998 (47.6 vs 64.0 months), as shown in Table 2.
Between 1925 and 2018, 11,789 leprosy patients were diagnosed with leprosy in Shaanxi Province; 10,270 patients were cured, and 502 patients experienced relapse (data from LEPMIS). The prevalence rates of leprosy in over 95% of the regions, counties, and districts in Shaanxi achieved control, with rates below 1/100,000 population, reaching our national target of eliminating leprosy. According to the above data, 477 newly diagnosed leprosy cases and 65 recurrent cases were reported in Shaanxi between 1998 and 2018, with 542 cases in total. The annual detection rate dropped from 0.092/100,000 population in 1998 to 0.029/100,000 population in 2018. The detection rate and prevalence rate of leprosy showed impressively significant downward trends over the past 20 years, indicating that we have achieved good results in the prevention and control of leprosy.
In 477 newly diagnosed patients, the male-female ratio was 2.46:1, which was basically consistent with those in previous reports from other areas in China [15, 16]. This result was consistent with previous results obtained from other regions of the country [17]. Male patients still accounted for a relatively high proportion of the newly diagnosed cases each year, which may be related to different genetic susceptibilities between the sexes [18]. However, this ratio in China was different from those in some other countries around the world [19]. This may be because females undergo more skin consultations than males, and males may be more frequently exposed to leprosy bacilli than females due to behavioural and cultural factors [20]. Cultural, lifestyle, and genetic differences between races may be related to a difference in incidence rates, but to date, no studies have been published on this topic. It would be interesting to explore this aspect.
The average age of the newly diagnosed patients was 45.2 years old, which was relatively stable over the study period. In terms of newly diagnosed cases, the age distribution in different years was similar. However, the average age of prevalent cases increased over time [21]. The Leprosy Control Handbook [22] notes that the average age of patients tends to rise as the incidence of leprosy declines (the prevalence of leprosy is controlled). This supports the relatively low rates of leprosy in Shaanxi. However, this may also be related to the long time to diagnosis [23], suggesting that the detection of new leprosy patients in Shaanxi still needs improvement. In terms of current leprosy cases, the average age of 21 years was relatively high, which may be related to the large number of MB leprosy cases in our province and the long MDT course. Disability degree is an indicator of the ability to diagnose and monitor leprosy in health service departments, and patients classified with grade 1 or grade 2 disability had a long time to diagnosis or monitoring failure [24]. This suggests that we should pay attention to the treatment and rehabilitation of current leprosy cases. From 1998 to 2018, only two children under 15 years old were diagnosed with leprosy, which may be related to the long incubation period and/or the low transmission rate and the relatively low prevalence in Shaanxi. In terms of regional distribution, leprosy epidemics mainly occurred in southern Shaanxi and the Central Shaanxi Plain [25]. These areas are also areas with historically high leprosy incidence rates. The source of infection has not been completely and effectively controlled, suggesting that we should continue to improve prevention and control work in these areas.
A total of 83.6% of the new cases were MB leprosy, and 16.4% were PB leprosy, with a ratio of 5.1:1, which was higher than that in related reports from other regions in China [26]. This indicated that the number of MB cases was too high and that there were potential risks. MB leprosy patients have more severe symptoms, have more complications and require a longer course of MDT than PB leprosy patients. In Shaanxi, the proportion of MB patients was relatively higher than that in other provinces. This high proportion resulted in leprosy patients in Shaanxi having more severe symptoms, having more complications and being cured at an older age on average than PB leprosy patients. However, previous studies have shown that the type ratio increases in areas with a low leprosy prevalence [27], which may indicate that leprosy in Shaanxi was in a low epidemic state and under effective control. The type ratio of newly detected cases between 1998 and 2018 was relatively high (83.7%). The grade 2 disability rate in new cases in Shaanxi between 1998 and 2018 was approximately 31.0%, which may be related to the prolonged time to diagnosis and few newly detected cases. The average time to diagnosis in newly diagnosed patients was 46 months, which was much higher than those reported in relevant literature in some other areas in China, such as Guangdong Province [21], indicating that leprosy cases in Shaanxi were associated with a longer time from onset to diagnosis. This situation may be related to latent symptoms and atypical clinical manifestations in the early stage, little attention to patients, lack of primary prevention and treatment experience, etc. [28], suggesting that our province should further carry out leprosy monitoring and strengthen early detection and diagnosis.
To improve the diagnostic time and reduce the deformity rate in Shaanxi Province, we should take advantage of China's health system reform, comprehensively improve the LEPMIS, strengthen the training of dermatologists, vigorously promote community health consultations for leprosy, and actively carry out early leprosy diagnosis technology research.
Although leprosy prevention and control in Shaanxi has achieved remarkable results and the leprosy epidemic has been maintained at a relatively low level for a long time, the prevalence of leprosy was still relatively high in some areas, and the incidence of disability in new leprosy patients was still high in some counties. The time to diagnosis still needs improvement. To achieve the goal of eliminating morbidity caused by leprosy, we should further strengthen the detection, treatment, and management of leprosy cases; focus on how to shorten the period between symptom onset and diagnosis; and reduce the rate of leprosy-associated disability.
The data that support the findings of this study are available from the Health Commission of Shaanxi Province; however, restrictions apply regarding the availability of these data, which were used under a license for the current study, and the data are not publicly available. The data may available from the authors upon reasonable request and with permission from the Health Commission of Shaanxi Province. Please contact the corresponding author: C Li: 397564825@qq.com.
LEPMIS:
Leprosy Management Information System in China
MB:
Multibacillary
Paucibacillary
B&R:
The Silk Road Economic Belt and the twenty-first-Century Maritime Silk Road
PCPs:
MDT:
Multidrug Therapy
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We would like to acknowledge the Health Commission of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Provincial Institute for Endemic Disease Control, and Department of Xijing Hospital of the Fourth Military Medical University for their support in this research program.
Qing-Ping Zhang and Ge Li contributed equally to this work.
Shaanxi Provincial Institute for Endemic Disease Control, Xi'an, 710003, China
Qing-Ping Zhang, Ge Li, Zhao-Xing Lin & Ping Chen
Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
Ge Li
Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, West Road 169, Xi'an, Changle, 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
Chao Li
Qing-Ping Zhang
Zhao-Xing Lin
Ping Chen
QP Zhang and C Li led the study; and P Chen, ZX Lin and G Li led their respective provincial teams and collected the data. G Li and C Li analysed the data, contributed to the conceptualization of the study, as well as the interpretation of results, and reviewed drafts of the manuscript. All authors have read and approved the final version of the manuscript.
Correspondence to Chao Li.
This retrospective study was reviewed and approved by the institutional ethics committee of Shaanxi Provincial Institute for Endemic Disease Control (DF2019102001).
No competing interests exist in this study.
Zhang, QP., Li, G., Li, C. et al. Epidemiological situation of leprosy in a province in China: a long time to diagnosis and a high rate of deformity. BMC Public Health 20, 1790 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-09933-6
Infectious Disease epidemiology


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Q: C# EF Call the Many-to-Many relationship class to another class Good day,
I'm trying to create a many-to-many relationship with 3 tables. And the many-to-many table will be called to another table using ASP.NET Core Entity Framework Core.
Here's the scenario: Suppose I'm creating a customer appointment for a barber shop service.
I have 3 tables. Calendar, HairCutOffer and CalendarHairCutOffer (which is the many-to-many table.
Calendar.cs
public class Calendar {
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}

HairCutOffer.cs
public class HairCutOffer {
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CalendarHairCutOffer.cs
public class CalendarHairCutOffer {
    public Calendar Calendar { get; set; }
    public HairCutOffer HairCutOffer { get; set; }

    public int CalendarId { get; set; }
    public int HairCutOfferId { get; set; }
}

Please confirm if I'm doing it correctly when it comes to many-to-many relationship.
My next problem is, I have another table which is the CustomerAppointment that can select a Calendar and HairCutOffer within that Calendar.
public class CustomerAppointment {
    public int CustomerAppointmentId { get; set; }
    // how to call the calendarhaircutoffer here?
}

How can I implement my many-to-many table which is CalendarHairCutOffer to my CustomerAppointment?
Thank you in advance

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How can I keep Studio from automatically inserting fuzzy matches?
As soon as I get to a segment where a fuzzy match is found, say 74%, Studio automatically inserts the fuzzy translation in the target, which is very annoying. How can I keep it from doing this?
Sorry, but then why do you use a CAT tool? This is a quite normal and desired bahviour of ALL CAT tools I know. If they would not do that, what advatnage would we have then?
But if you indeed want to have this effect, go to Tools - Options - Editor, chose Automation and deselect "Insert the best match..." (second option from the top, I have now the German interface and because of an active project will not switch to English).
Thank you for the answer, Jerzy, I'm sure you didn't mean to sound so rude.
When a heavily tagged segment is automatically replaced with a poor fuzzy match that is stripped of all the tags, and this happens dozens of times in the same document, causing me to have to go through the additional step of restoring the source before translating, this is not what I would call desired behavior, at least not for me and not in this particular situation.
If you leave the behaviour of Studio as it is and as I think all CATs are supposed to behave, you just need to press a corresponding shortcut for having the source copied, if desired. I have configured this to be ALT+INSERT. You can do that via Tools - Options - Keyboard shortcuts - Copy source.
And Studio tells me that's a 74% match, I guess just because that's the closest thing it found. It's things like these that I wanted to avoid (plus the document has virtually no repetitions).
I had already created a new shortcut key for "Copy Source", but it just gets annoying to keep having to do this over and over, so it's nice to have the option to disable this feature for this document.
What I do not understand is why you needed a new shortcut for copy source as the standard ALT+INSERT will write over any fuzzy matches that may have popped up (or any translation for that matter). But have a look at the shortcuts - there is a comprehensive list with numerous shortcuts. E.g. you can confirm and go to the next segment or confirm and go to the next unconfirmed segment, merge segements etc.
I have found that I'd rather copy the target for segments that do not need to be translated. For one it will automatically pop up as translated in case of repetitions, then it prevents Trados from inserting anything fuzzy and finally - especially for large projects - you get more reliable statistics and can better gauge how far you have come (or still need to go).
What I do not understand is why you needed a new shortcut for copy source as the standard ALT+INSERT will write over any fuzzy matches that may have popped up (or any translation for that matter).
It's interesting how there are different situations for which disabling this feature, even if only temporarily, makes sense.
As for the new shortcut: with Trados I always created new shorctus in Word so that I wouldn't have to use both hands, as would be the case with Alt+Insert, Alt+Home, etc. I find it more efficient to be able to access all my shortcuts with my left hand only. This is not only time-efficient when using the keyboard, but when I use Dragon it allows me to work the shortcuts with my left hand, while my right hand is on the mouse.


text:
Q: NFC with ACR122U and Android http://www.acs.com.hk/en/products/3/acr122u-usb-nfc-reader/
I'm using the Android library linked above, and I'm trying to read/write NFC tags. The tags will have a format I know of (probably something like JSON). I am able to run the example app and see that the reader is working and detecting NFC tags, but how do I go about actually reading or writing them? The API is a little confusing. Any help is much appreciated.
So far in my app, I've figured how to get the reader state and reader type/name, but nothing regarding the NFC tags themselves.

A: You can use an instance of the Reader class (com.acs.smartcard.Reader) to communicate with the reader and NFC tags that are in range of the reader.
Depending on the version of the ACR122U, you will need either the Reader.transmit() method or the Reader.control() method (in combination with the control code Reader.IOCTL_CCID_ESCAPE) to send commands to the reader. The relevant direct commands for enumerating and accessing tags are described in the Application Programming Interface manual (see here or here depending on what version of the reader you have).
Once you can access tags through the Reader object, you could implement the NFC Forum's Tag Operation specifications to interact with NFC tags.

A: It doesn't work either. responseLength is always 0. It should not be.
That command is absolutely correct Read Card ID command:
{(byte)0xFF, (byte)0xCA, (byte)0x00, (byte)0x00, (byte)0x04
and it works perfectly in Windows Java Example with the same ACR122 usb reader:
// Transmit APDU
byte[] command =  {(byte)0xFF, (byte)0xCA, (byte)0x00, (byte)0x00, (byte)0x04};
byte[] response = new byte[100];
int responseLength = 0;

try {
    responseLength = mReader.transmit(0, command, command.length, response,   response.length);
} catch (ReaderException e) {
    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
    e.printStackTrace();
}

TextView tv = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.main_text_view_response);
tv.setText( "resp: "+Integer.toString(responseLength) + ": "+ Integer.toString( response[0] ) );

A: Other than the SDK provided by the vender ACS, you can try Libnfc which is a open source low level NFC SDK with LGPL license. You can build application upon the it.
Libnfc support ACR122U on both Linux and Windows.


text:
Social care to receive £269 million to boost staff levels and testing
New legal protection for England's heritage
Grass fire Seaview Downs, South Australia
"Very positive": Toyota wins praise as it pays back $18 million in JobKeeper subsidies
NZ police search for kayaker to resume tomorrow
Employment law proposals set to impact Australia's employers in 2021
Man missing from Westmead located
Police are responding to fatal crash – Boundain
Search and rescue at Wellington
Kallaroo death
December 2, 2020 12:32 pm AEDTDate Time
Strength training: how does Australia shape up?
Using data from a survey of more than 280,000 adults from 28 European countries, the study found that more than 75 per cent of European adults don't do any muscle-strengthening exercise, and only 17.3 per cent meet the recommended weekly amount of muscle-strengthening activities.
However, compared to similar Australian data, the results would put Australia in the bottom third of European countries.
Based on surveys conducted in the past decade, Australia's muscle-strengthening exercise levels are estimated to be around 15 per cent, which is on par with France, Italy and Spain, but well below countries such as Iceland, Germany and the United Kingdom.
Lead investigator Dr Jason Bennie, a physical activity epidemiologist at the University of Southern Queensland, said some factors that might contribute to the low levels include differences in access to community-based health facilities, income inequalities and socio-cultural influences.
"It's clear most Australians aren't pulling their weight when it comes to doing the minimum amount of muscle-strengthening exercise recommended and we fall well short compared to those from some European countries," Dr Bennie said.
The World Health Organisation recommends exercises like lifting weights, push-ups, sit-ups and squats should be carried out at least two days a week to maintain good health and reduce the risk of chronic diseases such as high blood pressure, diabetes and heart disease.
Dr Bennie said there were several strategies that could help boost muscle-strengthening exercise levels, including access to affordable health facilities, equipment and fitness trainers, physical activity campaigns endorsing muscle-strengthening exercise as essential for optimal health and promotion in schools.
"While muscle-strengthening exercise is typically performed at gyms or fitness centres, one thing the COVID-19 lockdown has shown us is how easily it can be done at home," he said.
"Even a little bit of muscle-strengthening exercise can have immediate health benefits, especially if you are currently doing none."
The study on the participation rates of European adults in muscle-strengthening exercise was published in The Public Library of Science ONE journal and is available here.
University of Southern Queensland's Dr Jason Bennie.
Tags:Australia, Australian, chronic disease, covid-19, diabetes, disease, european, Germany, heart disease, Iceland, Queensland, science, southern, United Kingdom, university, University of Southern Queensland
Need for all actors to engage in peaceful and constructive dialogue in Central African Republic
Remembering Andrew Mosane, AIDS activist and progressive "radical"
Police search for missing woman Stephanie


So, big data needs to start including other criteria and work with highly correlated factors. Clients need to make sure they don't lose deep insight and valuable understanding of customer's very own psycho:logic to improve their performance.
As with every corporate scandal, trust commentators from a plethora of marketing and PR agencies have sounded the death knell of all the hard-earned trust built up over decades.
Being in a senior BD position and 'having done it for decades' are almost badges for some sales professionals. There is no questioning their skills and they're the ones to look to for advice.
If you want to be more successful (especially with younger clients), stop selling like it's 1999. Look at new and better ways to engage. New ways that are more successful for your organisation, your team and your customers.
If you sit down and think about the competitive strength of your trust, what you are likely trusted for and how well you deliver this, it will provide you with a first stepping stone to translate your trust into revenue.
THE ONE SENTENCE THAT TURNED MEETING SUCCESS AROUND.
Having the ability to pinpoint trust opportunities precisely and seizing them is a small effort for a big change.
Nine out of 10 is hard to beat. It is a very good number. But how could we be more trusted and get a bigger share of a client's business?
Want to cheat your NPS and drive up your bonus? Just reset the scale.
In our trust training we empower frontline staff to improve their NPS by focusing on how to build more customer trust and manage it during their different interactions.


text:
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text:
Q: Let Task.WhenAny return when one specific task ends How can i run 2 tasks in parallel and get notified when one specific task ends (in my case the first task in the list)
Currently i am using this code:
await Task.WhenAny(A.Play(cancel), B.Play(cancel));

the code should return when A.Play(cancel) ends but not when b.Play(cancel) ends.
WhenAny does not work because it could happen that B ends before A.
WhenAll does not work because it could be that B is an endless Task.

A: I believe this will do what you want. The tasks will run in parallel, but you await aTask first, so it returns only when aTask returns. You can then include seperate logic to await bTask.
Task aTask = A.Play(cancel);
Task bTask = B.Play(cancel);

// will return only when A is complete.
await aTask;

// await bTask seperately.

A: you can use
B.Play()

without await to run B without waiting for it to end and then do
await A.Play()

A: You can wrap 'A.Play' in a new task method that does whatever you want after 'A.Play' completes.
async Task CallingMethod()
{
    await Task.WhenAny(WrapperA(), B.Play(cancel));
}

async Task WrapperA()
{
    await A.Play(cancel)
    // Here you can fire an event or set the cancellation token
    // Or whatever you want.
}


Historically speaking, the oz American Gold Eagle coin has had one of the lowest mintage figures in the bullion release. Since the 1986 introduction of the Gold Eagle Series, the oz and oz coins have gone back and forth as the coin with the lowest mintage and demand. Today, 2018 oz American Gold Eagle Coins are available to you online from JM Bullion.
Arrives in an individual plastic flip or mint tubes of 40 coins!
33rd year of issue for American Gold Eagle coins!
Obverse includes Augustus Saint-Gaudens iconic image of Liberty.
Reverse depicts a family of bald eagles created by Miley Busiek.
The highest ever mintage figure for the oz Gold Eagle came during its inaugural release in 1986 when a total of 599,566 coins in this weight were sold by the US Mint. The demand dropped sharply the following year to just 131,255 coins. In the years to come, the oz gold bullion coin would only cross the 100,000 coin threshold in mintage three times.
American Gold Eagle oz coins wouldnt cross 100,000 again until 1998 when 169,029 coins were produced. The second highest all-time mintage figure for the coins came in 1999 when 263,013 were struck. The third time the coins would cross 100,000 came in 2009 in the midst of the Great Recession when 110,000 coins were struck and sold.
All 2018 oz American Gold Eagle coins listed here are in BU condition. Coins in BU condition have no signs of wear and tear, but there is the potential for production flaws as part of the process at the mint. These flaws range from breaks in the luster and spotted surfaces to contact marks.
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text:
Finding Ourselves In Alvar Aalto's Italian Church
Once the guests step into Alvar Aalto's church to witness the humble lodging, the Scandinavian-clad modernism clings onto its minimalist demeanor and our soul.
Matthew Burgos·
· May 22, 2020
EdgarPriestly / CC BY-SA
Once the guests step into Alvar Aalto's church to witness the humble lodging, the Scandinavian-clad modernism clings onto its minimalist demeanor and our soul
The skin of the verdant hills brushes against the sole of the dirtied shoes. The soft land thrums in every step, pulsing the earth's heartbeat. Eyes up and squinted, the horizon beams with three cresting mountains forming a triangular sphere and dressed in their dark forest-colored clothes. Their backdrop blossoms with the light blue hue of the sky and layers of trees in trepidation, commanding the full attention of the lodgers. At the center of nature's grand design sprouts a deep sense of grounding via an architecture. This is Alvar Aalto's church calling out.
The Riola di Vergato church exposes itself unabashedly in the quaint village of the same name, hailing at a serene spot near the south of Bologna and along the road to Pistoia. It is the brainchild of the Finnish architect Alvar Aalto, one of the masters of the modernist movement in architecture. The once clandestine finesse of Aalto ties knot with the modern world as its rediscovery leads to a sixty-minute documentary of Roberto Ronchi and Mara Corradi about the parish. Before the cameras took footages of its grandeur, Riola di Vergato erects history that jumps back to 1965 when Cardinal Giacomo Lercaro heralded a commission and delegated the mission in building new churches around Bologna to bear the philosophy of renovation and inclusion in the suburbs. The cardinal tapped the Finnish architect to morph the idea into a concrete and modest church, the start of Aalto's magnificent artistry in Italy.
The architect flew to Riola for the first time in 1966 to attune himself and his layout to the land where the church would be constructed. As he wandered around the empty shell of the hill, his eyes caught the pattern of the three mountains on the landscape — namely Monte Vigese, Montovolo, and Monte di Vigo — that encapsulated the space, goading their exquisite beauty. Not far from where he was standing flowed the River Reno, its quiet hum and continuous rush unshackled the creativity and faith-based spirit of Aalto, fueling a blueprint that touched on the community's culture.
An old picture in one of Aalto's archives exposes a gathering in an abode. A line of dishes cluster on the white-clothed table with forks, spoons, and wine glasses decorating the empty spaces. Wine bottles nestle in the middle, beside the tall white candles. Before the spectacle, a crowd of suit- and dress-wearing visitors chatter in joy as their eyes crinkle in jubilation. At the crown of the table, a man eyes three sheets of paper with the drafts of the church's look. Pencil ink outlined the modernist take on the church which was deemed innovative during the period.
The construction was launched, but in 1968, Cardinal Giacomo resigned for reasons that are still bound to be unraveled. His parting left a gaping crack in the continuation of the architecture, placing the project in an immediate hiatus. The half-finished church bared its skeleton to the public and shared the fear of the community that it would not reach its expansive shape and form. The worries fell apart when entrepreneur Mario Tamburini locked his dedication towards the project and picked up the conclusion of Riola di Vergato from his own pockets.
His efforts brought forward the culmination of the architecture and celebrated the first ceremonial gathering in August 1977. Elissa Aalto, Alvar's wife, watched the spiritual mass come alive before her eyes, soaking in the poetic work of art his husband had curated. She stood there in the basking glory of the church to represent her late spouse who had passed away the year before. A year after the christening mass, Riola di Vergato was completed. The years that followed marked the genesis of domestic and international recognition to the only masterpiece of the Finnish architect in Italy.
Renovations have been specked since then to retain the original facet of the church that wounds its visitors in a venerated belief. The exterior dangles with the wave-like image of the sea that faces the east (if one stands before the front door), housing white-and-beige hued stones as part of its framework. The craggy height of the pillars speaks to an intentional approach to mount the glass windows that capture the sunlight from the outside.
Once the guests step into the church to witness the humble lodging, the Scandinavian-clad modernism clings onto the minimalist demeanor of the church. An array of entrance doors displays transparent glasses and white ridges. Push the doors open and two colors pop out at a first glance: white and brown.
The colossal white columns first straighten their spine before cowering midway to form a half-hexagon look. Beyond and above the pillars, squared windows let the light from the outside infiltrate the quaint space while exuding the aura of zen. The few rows of honeyed-doused church pews stand out against the red-marred floor as they fall in line, slightly distant from the altar. The shrine's design is simple, intentionally forgetting any ornaments and sticking with the giant, brown crucifix pasted on the wall to bless the visitors.
Outside the sanctified place, immense squared pedestals gorge themselves of gray color, almost touching each other with their line-up by height. On top of them, a thin holy cross gloats as it stands tall against the kiss of the cool wind and glaring sun. At first, it would seem as if the design meant as an additive, but the construction is the home to the church's bell. What's left is to sew a thread to the visionary sights and let the formidable mastery of Aalto flaunt its sublimity.
It is a spiritual venture to saunter inside an architecture as meek as Alvar Aalto's Riola di Vergato. Somehow, the church asks for the guests to sit down on the long wooden benches, fold up their body and seek for guidance, or stretch their neck upward to revel the moment. The stillness in the room forges reconciliation with self and the sanctuary, dashing a tinge of meditation for one's well-being. In the next breath, the emotions unfurl unconditionally. It's safe to know then that there's more than faith to surrender.
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Italics Magazine was born less than two years ago in Rome, from the idea of two friends who believed that Italy was lacking a complete, in-depth, across-the-board source of information in English. While some publications do a great job, writing about the latest news or focusing on specific areas of interest, we do believe that other kinds of quality insights are just as needed to better understand the complexity of a country that, very often, is only known abroad for the headlines that our politicians make, or for the classic touristic cliches. This is why Italics Magazine is quickly becoming a reference for foreign readers, professionals, expats and press interested in covering Italian issues thoroughly, appealing to diverse schools of thought. However, we started from scratch, and we are self-financing the project through (not too intrusive) ads, promotions, and donations, as we have decided not to opt for any paywall. This means that, while the effort is bigger, we can surely boast our independent and free editorial line. This is especially possible thanks to our readers, who we hope to keep inspiring with our articles. That's why we kindly ask you to consider giving us your important contribution, which will help us make this project grow — and in the right direction. Thank you.
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Matthew Burgos
Matthew Burgos doesn't talk to people. He interviews them then writes their story, peppering the narratives with descriptive words. He's a student of Broadcast Journalism, International Relations, and Law, an English tutor, an aspiring journalist, and a die-hard, 90% dark chocolate glutton.
Chiara Severini
Hidden From Sight: Italian Towns Underwater — Part 2


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Why Conducting a Poll for Your Renewable Project Will Save You Money - Public Strategy Group, Inc.
The article below was Published April 2013 in Environmental Leader.
After being in the public affairs business for nearly twenty years, it still amazes me how few developers and companies use random sample polling when launching a public affairs campaign to gain support for projects. A random sample poll allows for developers to inquire into popular opinion in order to be better prepared in utilizing public support and combating cases of opposition. Many renewable projects are going to face both of these cases of controversy and opposition, and "political style" campaigns should be instituted to ensure effectiveness and efficiency of the project. A poll saves money for any public affairs campaign by defining which area of the population to target and with what messages. Why send direct mail to all residents, if you know ahead of time a certain demographic will not support you? A poll pays for itself in nearly every case.
As part of any good campaign, a poll to gauge resident support will highlight any potential complaints that could arise throughout the project, as well as any sources of endorsement that could be used during the development and implementation processes. Many recent polls express popular public support for renewable energy projects around the country, strengthening projects against many negative NIMBY testaments. For example, a recent national poll showed that 92% of registered voters said that it was important for the United States to develop and use solar power. This result demonstrates the willingness of the American population to accept the existence of renewable energy projects, which is encouraging news that promises favorable outcomes for companies looking to invest in alternative energy. Another poll supplemented this testament of widespread public support by stating that respondents gave their highest marks among energy producers to wind and solar companies for satisfaction with business efforts of renewable energy projects. Energy efficiency and renewable energy ranked high among respondents' concerns in the same poll as areas where they believe the country could do more to ensure sustainability for the nation's environmental future. Developers can use vital information such as this to their advantage, as their projects have the potential to implement important changes in environmental sustainability.
Another example is Castleton, Vermont. This Vermont community is currently undergoing a development project that is implementing wind turbines along the town's ridgelines. At the beginning of the project last year, a local poll showed that support for the project among residents was 69%, a very solid number that promised developers little trouble during the life of the project. Armed with this number, the company could campaign effectively, knowing that popular support was tipped in their favor. They did not have to expend any superfluous amounts of money or manpower to get the community on their side because the poll demonstrated that the majority of it already was. However, the poll reissued this year showed that the support level was down slightly to 66%, a potential warning sign to developers that their support among the community could potentially fall. Armed with this information, the project could still continue as scheduled, due to the fact that the majority of the residents still did indeed support the turbine construction, but now those behind the project will be able to plan accordingly if that percentage continues to drop. By being prepared for any sort of interference throughout the project, developers can ensure the maximize efficiency throughout the implementation, and the overall effectiveness of the renewable energy project.
On a more national scale, last fall President Obama delayed construction on the northern portion of the Keystone XL pipeline, which was intended to create a connective line between Canadian tar sands and Texas oil refineries. Now that the President is back in office for his second term, opponents of the pipeline are now pushing for the project to be terminated all together. Interestingly enough, national polls suggest that there is a 4-1 ratio between those who support renewable energy projects over the pipeline. Renewable energy developers can look favorably on this poll as they consider their projects carefully. The country is ready for alternative energy sources, and the Keystone pipeline case demonstrates how polling can arm developers with positive and encouraging information such as this. Independent voters in the same poll favored monetary investment in wind and solar powers over oil, a result that should give confidence to renewable energy developers in the success of their projects.
These polls, among many others, are a testament to the enormous potential of renewable energy projects and they positive impacts they can have on our nation. Since these polls can survey public support for a project, both time and money can be saved on renewable energy if developers gather all of the poll information not only prior to construction, but also throughout the life of the project and even after completion. By giving the people a voice in a renewable energy project, a poll can offer crucial insights as well as build confidence and trust between company and community.
Since time is truly money, those developers who are armed with information reaped from a random sample poll will be better prepared to handle any potential delays caused by NIMBY involvement, and will be more confident in the support and success of their projects.


What Exactly Does Lead Do to a Child's Brain?
Let's be really clear about this. Once a child ingests lead, whether from paint or water or some other source, it gets absorbed into the bloodstream. It bullies its way into the red blood cells, where it begins a biochemical version of clipping wires and flipping switches, throwing off the efficient machinery of the cell. It interferes with mitochondria, the part of the cell structure responsible for producing energy. It disrupts the tree-like formation of dendrites, which conduct impulses to nerve cells. It disturbs the myelin sheath surrounding nerve fibers. And it interrupts the production of heme, the iron-rich pigment without which hemoglobin can't do its job of carrying oxygen through the body.
From the bloodstream, lead is carried to the bones (where it takes the place of calcium, to which it is chemically similar) and to the soft tissues. There it is stored—hidden but ominous. Unlike some metals, lead has no known health benefits. As lead builds up in the body, only harm ensues.
People have been using lead for thousands of years and we have known that lead is toxic for almost as long. For most of that time, however, people believed that the metal was only harmful in high concentrations. Now we know that lead does damage even in small amounts.
That was first shown in the 1970s, when a grou led by pediatrician and psychiatrist named Herbert Needleman, who was then at Harvard University, published a seminal paper in the New EnglandJournal of Medicine. Needleman collected thousands of children's baby teeth and measured the amount of lead in them as a way of assessing cumulative exposure. Then the children took neuropsychological tests. Teachers (most of the kids were in first grade) also filled out questionnaires about classroom behavior.
The results were clear. Children with high lead levels performed significantly less well than those with lower levels on the IQ test, particularly verbal items. They were less competent in areas of verbal performance and auditory processing. Their ability to sustain attention was clearly impaired. And classroom behavior suffered; they did significantly poorer on nine out of eleven items on the teacher evaluations.
By 2000, there had been eight major prospective studies on lead conducted around the world. Six of the eight resulted in evidence of a harmful effect of lead at very low levels. Researchers, led by Bruce Lanphear, then a professor of children's environmental health at the University of Cincinnati, decided to pool the raw data and recalculate the results. Seven of the eight principal investigators agreed to participate.
Again, the results were a powerful indictment of the effects of lead exposure. The pooled study combined data on 1333 children with a mean blood lead level of 12.4 micrograms per deciliter (at the time the CDC level of concern was 10 micrograms). The new analysis showed a decline of 6.2 IQ points for an increase of ten micrograms of blood lead. Furthermore, it showed that the steepest decrements in IQ—that is, the biggest step changes—came at the lowest levels of exposure. So, for instance, the differences between 1 and 7 micrograms per deciliter might be greater than the difference between 11 and 17.
This kind of science informed the 2012 decision by the Centers for Disease Control to lower what's now called the "reference level" for lead to five micrograms per deciliter of blood. That's the warning sign that action must be taken, the alert that a child's health is at risk.
The situation in Flint has reminded us that lead exposure is still happening all over the United States. There are more than half a million American children with dangerous levels of lead in their bodies. How can we expect children to learn if we do this kind of damage to their brains?
Parts of this post were adapted from my book, Toxic Truth: A Scientist A Doctor and the Battle Over Lead (Beacon Press).


text:
11th June 2019 24th March 2022 knowledgedunes
6 parenting points from the life story of ABDULLAH IBN JAAFAR
Raising up children or parenting is a crucial job for both mums and dads. There are many parenting styles that some may suit us and some may not. As parents, we would always want to provide the best for our kids. Some parents might agree with each other ways of parenting and some might not agree. Which one is the most correct?
Learning by example is the easiest way to learn to parent. Abdullah ibn Mas'ud reported: The Prophet, said, "The best people are those of my generation, then those who come after them, then those who come after them. Then, there will come people after them whose testimony precedes their oaths and their oaths precede their testimony." (Sahih Bukhari)
We do believe that by following the example of these first 3 generations are the best including their parenting styles. In this article, we would like to highlight 6 parenting points that we can learn from the life story of one of the great young sahabah Abdullah ibn Jaafar (May Allah have mercy on them).
Abdullah ibn Jaafar is one of the prominent young sahabah of Prophet Muhammad (peace & blessing be upon him). He was the nephew of the prophet and the son of Jaafar bin Abi Talib, who was known as Dhul Janahain (The Winged). Abdullah was first married to Zainab bint Ali bin Abu Thalib (his own cousin) and was blessed with 4 sons and a girl, Ali, Awn, Abbas, Muhammad and Umm Kulthum. He was then married to Ummu Khultum bint Ali bin Abu Thalib and died at the year of Al-Juhaf (great flood in Makkah), 80 AH in Madinah.
1. Both of His parents migrated twice for the sake of Allah.
Abdullah ibn Jaafar (May Allah have mercy on them) was the son of Jaafar bin Abi Talib. Jaafar migrated to Abyssinia with his wife, Asma bint Omais to Abbysinia, leaving behind their properties and relatives to escape from the Quraish who tortured the early Muslims. They stayed there for 10 years. All of their children were born and raised in Abyssinia.
They did their second migration for the sake of Allah to Madinah when Abdullah was 7 years old. They arrived in Madinah after the Battle of Hunain. Due to his second migration, Jaafar bin Abi Talib was given a fair portion from the booty of that battle.
2. He grew up surrounded by cousins who among them were great Sahabah.
Abdullah ibn Jaafar grew up in Madinah, surrounded by his cousins after his parents migrated there at 7 years after Hijra. His cousin, Khalid ibn Al Walid who was the son of his maternal aunt, Lababah Sughra accepted Islam after the Treaty of Hudaibiyah. He lived in the same city with him.
Besides him, Abdullah ibn Abbas (May Allah have mercy on them) was also his cousin. He was also the son of his maternal aunt, Lababah Kubra. Abdullah ibn Abbas was the sahabah that were an expert in the tafsir of the Quran.
3. Abdullah ibn Jaafar has a close blood relation with the Prophet and has always followed his footsteps.
Prophet Muhammad (peace & blessing be upon him) was the beloved cousin of Jaafar bin Abi Talib. Abdullah pledged his allegiance to Prophet Muhammad after he came to Madinah at the young age of 7 years old. He was not only resembled his father in appearance, which has resembled Prophet Muhammad but he also possessed good characteristics and attitude, just like his father and the prophet.
When Jaafar bin Abi Talib was martyred in the Battle of Mut'ah, Prophet Muhammad took the guardianship of him. His maternal aunt, Maimoonah bint Al Harith was married to Prophet Muhammad (peace & blessing be upon him) and she was the last to be married to the prophet.
4. Prophet Muhammad make dua for him
Prophet Muhammad (peace & blessing be upon him) make dua for him. "Oh, Allah! Verily, Jaafar has been given the best of rewards, so bless his children with a better recompense than that which You have blessed any of Your slaves. Due to that, Abdullah ibn Jaafar (May Allah have mercy on them) said " I never bought or sold anything except that it was blessed for me"
5. A son has gained the blessings due to his dad's status and deeds.
Abdullah Ibn Umar (May Allah have mercy on them) said ' If you had seen his father, you would love Abdullah. His father was found with 70 sword and spear wounds on his body. Abdullah Ibn Umar would also greet Abdullah ibn Jaafar: "May the peace of Allah be upon you, oh, son of Dhul Janahain"
6. Abdullah ibn Jaafar was provided by his parents with an environment of generosity.
Jaafar bin Abi Talib was also well known as the 'Father of the Needy'. Abdullah was raised in a house of kindness and generosity. He spent his wealth like one who fears not poverty. He and his wife, Zainab, lived in a modest life. They returned other people good deed & generosity with more generosity. He was known as the 'Sea of Generosity' and the 'Most Generous Arab'.
Can we do the same like what Jaafar bin Abi Talib and Asma bint Omais did to his son, Abdullah ibn Jaafar (May Allah have mercy on them)? Have we provided the correct environment for our kids? May Allah make it easy for us as parents to emulate these noble people and may Allah guide us to be like them. Ameen.
Written by Dr Fadzidah Ariffin Umm Abdullah
Darussalam Research Division, compilation Oct 2003; Child Companions around the prophet
Al Istiab, vol 3
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Boquila trifoliata är en narrbuskeväxtart som först beskrevs av Hipólito Ruiz López och Pav., och fick sitt nu gällande namn av Joseph Decaisne. Boquila trifoliata ingår i släktet Boquila och familjen narrbuskeväxter. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Led Zeppelin's Band Member Symbols – What Do They Do?
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text:
The Lighthouse (1979)
Chester Music Ltd (World)
Commissioned by the Edinburgh International Festival
1(pic,afl)01(bcl)0/1110/pf(cel.out-of-tune upright pf.flexatone.referee's whistle)/perc/gtr(bjo.dm)/str(1(tam).0.1(flexatone).1.1)
Solo Instruments tenor, baritone, bass
Duration 1 hr 12 min
Category Opera and Music Theatre
Text Writer/Librettist
18th March 2022, E-Werk, Maschinensaal, Weimar, Germany
Scores on Subscription Subscribe to nKoda
Part ghost story, part psychological drama, this opera is based on the true story of three lighthouse keepers who disappeared mysteriously from a remote Scottish lighthouse in 1900. In the prologue, three officers from a lighthouse ship report to a Court of Enquiry how they arrived to relieve the three keepers and found the place deserted. The main act flashbacks to the keepers, working the lighthouse far longer than usual. They are nervous and pass the time by singing characteristic 'set piece' songs – which express their individual guilt. Out of the fog, their past emerges to taunt them. They see the arrival of a blinding light as Antichrist, in which they are replaced by the relief officers: the mystery is unresolved.
This is a mystery story in the form of a chamber opera. The prologue is set as a court of enquiry into the unexplained disappearance of the three keepers from a lighthouse. Questions are posed by a solo horn, which may sound from among the audience, and three officers give answer. Gradually, they move from straight testimony into fantastical imaginings of evil during a 'flashback' to the lighthouse; but then we snap back to the courtroom.
In the main act the three singers become the vanished keepers. They have been together for months, long enough to be fully aware of each other's weaknesses; petty bickerings suggest a relationship which is stable, but liable to become highly unstable at any moment. They sing songs to reduce the tension, Blazes beginning with a rough ballad of street violence, accompanied by violin and banjo. Sandy's song, with cello and out-of-tune upright piano, is a thinly disguised description of sexual bliss, and Arthur's with brass and clarinet, is a tub-thumping hymn. But the songs serve only to resurrect in their minds ghosts from the past, and as the fog descends each of the keepers becomes convinced that he is being claimed by the Beast. They prepare to meet its dazzling eyes, which become the lights of the relief vessel, and the three men reappear as officers, met at the lighthouse only by an infestation of rats. They leave, and at the end the last hours of Blazes, Sandy and Arthur begin to play over again.
COMPOSER'S NOTE
The original inspiration of this work came from reading Craig Mair's book on the Stevenson family of Edinburgh. This family, apart from producing the famous author Robert Louis, produced several generations of lighthouse and harbour engineers. In December 1900 the lighthouse and harbour supply ship Hesperus based in Stromness, Orkney, went on its routine tour of duty to the Flannan Isles light in the Outer Hebrides. The lighthouse was empty – all three beds and the table looked as if they had been left in a hurry, and the lamp, though out, was in perfect working order, but the men had disappeared into thin air.
There have been many speculations as to how and why the three keepers disappeared. This opera does not offer a solution to the mystery, but indicates what might be possible under the tense circumstances of three men being marooned in a storm-bound lighthouse long after the time they expected to be relieved.
The work consists of a prologue and one act. The Prologue presents the Court of Inquiry in Edinburgh into the disappearance of the keepers. The three protagonists play the part of the three officers of the lighthouse ship, the action moving between the courtroom, the ship, and the lighthouse itself, and the inquiry is conducted by the horn of the orchestra, to whose wordless questions the protagonists answer, making the questions retrospectively clear. The Court reaches an open verdict. At the end of the Prologue the three officers together tell us that the lighthouse is now automatic and the building is abandoned and sealed up, while the lighthouse itself flashes its automatic signal to a rhythm which is reflected in the orchestra.
The main act itself bears the sub-title The Cry of the Beast. The scene is set inside the lighthouse with the three keepers at a table in a state of edginess with each other. Arthur is a bible-thumping religious zealot, constantly at loggerheads with Blazes who has no truck with his hypocrisy. The third keeper, Sandy, trues peace-making moves to keep them apart. When Arthur leaves the table and goes aloft to light the lantern, Sandy and Blazes have a game of crib. They quarrel over this, and when Arthur returns, the atmosphere becomes extremely tense. Sandy suggests that Blazes should sing a cheerful song to help break this tension. This Blazes does, followed by Sandy and Arthur. Each song, though light and superficial on the surface, might be taken as an indication – Blazes sings a jolly song about an adolescent's career of crime in city slums leading to murder and the death of his parents. Sandy sings a love song, which when taken up and accompanied by the other two keepers, takes on a new meaning suggesting that his love-life might not have been as innocent as would at first appear. Arthur sings a holy-roller rabble-rousing ditty about God's revenge on the Children of Israel for worshipping the Golden Calf – a projection into God's will and bible history of his own boundless and unexpressed aggression.
Subsequently, the atmosphere turns chill – fog swirls about the lighthouse and Arthur starts the foghorn with the words "the cry of the Beast across the sleeping world – one night that cry will be answered from the deep".
From the mists, ghosts from the past of the three keepers emerge to take their revenge – they might be directly from the songs each keeper sang if these were taken as personal revelations. These ghosts, which we do not see but which the keepers persuade each other are visible, drive them into a state of such guilty desperation that they become crazed. The ghosts call upon Blazes and Sandy to go out with them into the night.
When Arthur comes down from the lightroom he is convinced that the Beast has called across the sea – the Golden Calf has come to claim his servants. The eyes of the Beast dazzle. Calling upon God's help, bellowing a hymn, the three keepers move out to defend themselves against the spirit, which they know see as the Antichrist.
At the climax of the storm and the brightest point of the light from the eyes of the beast, the keepers are replaced by the three officers from the lighthouse ship – played by the same three singers, and the light of the approaching Beast is seen perhaps to have been the light of the lighthouse ship.
From the remarks of the ship's officer, the exact nature of the lighthouse keepers' disappearance is open to interpretation, as is, indeed, whether the officers are trying to persuade themselves that some truth they fear is not so, or perhaps they are trying to cover something up.
When the relief keepers enter the lighthouse, although they are not seen very clearly, it is more that possible that they are the same three we saw at the opening of the scene. But, as the lighthouse is seen to flash its "automatic" signal, there is a further possibility that we have been watching a play of ghosts in a lighthouse abandoned and boarded up for eighty years.
The structure is based on the Tower of the Tarot, whose number symbolism is present in the structure of all the music, and which erupts into the surface of the opera in the form of the words sung by Arthur during the card game representing the Voice of the Cards, which on this level transforms the game of crib into a play of fate with Tarot cards, summoning up all the power of their baleful influence. The work makes extraordinary demands on the singing and acting capacities of the three protagonists, and demands extreme virtuosity from a small band.
Davies: The Lighthouse
Preview the score
Maxwell Davies: The Lighthouse


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A total of 884 .IN extension and 206 .CO.IN domain names are scheduled for release on 12th of Feb 2019. I have picked up some of the domain names personally liked. Please check the list below.
The post .IN & .CO.IN DOMAIN NAMES DROPLIST – 12 FEB 2019 appeared first on Its our.in India's Pride.


text:
#import <IDEGit/GitOperation.h>

@interface GitCreateRepositoryOperation : GitOperation
{
}

- (void)parseData;
- (id)initWithRequest:(id)arg1;

@end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub