The good news is that offers for secondary teacher preparation courses aren't generally any worse than last month. Indeed, in the humanities, the loosening of recruitment targets have probably helped propel offers in history and geography to new high levels. Whether it is fair to offer places to students to train as a history teacher and take on the extra debt involved when there are likely to be far more trainees than vacancies available in 2018 is a question that presumably everyone involved with teacher preparation is happy to answer in the affirmative. After all, the students know the risk they are running and aren't callow eighteen year olds fresh from school.
Generally, there must be concern about what is happening to recruitment in the sciences and in particular Chemistry. After several good years recruiting, offers are back to the level last seen in 2013/14, although even that represent an improvement on the situation earlier this year. Hopefully, a significant proportion of those in the unspecified science category are really looking to be Chemistry teachers. We won't know until the ITT census in the autumn whether or not it is actually the case.
It is undoubtedly the fact that the figure for offers to secondary courses would be far worse if all routes had the same offer to application ratio of School Direct Salaried. This year, just 17% of applicants are currently shown as placed or holding an offer. Last year, the figure at this point in the cycle was 18%. In numerical terms that means a drop from 1,310 last year to just 900 this year, with 740 of those only conditionally placed. By contrast, the School Direct Fee route has a ratio of 22% and SCITTs and higher education have placed or made offers to 28% of their applicants. Indeed, the much maligned university sector has accounted for 6,930 of the 13,150 offers made so far this year: that's 53% of the total in a sector that was supposed to have been removed from teacher preparation by now under Mr Gove's school-based training plans. In the primary sector, higher education accounts for just about half of the places and there are more offers for School Direct salaried places than in the secondary sector. However, we don't know how many of these may be already working in schools in another capacity before transferring onto a teacher preparation programme.
Last month, I raised concerns about the situation in London where offers across both primary and secondary courses now total 4,370 compared with 4,800 at this point last year. Total applicant numbers in England are still below the 36,000 mark, more than 1,000 down on this point last year.
Although there are more 23 year olds applying this year than last, applications from younger graduates of 21 or 22 still remain below last year and there are fewer career changers in their 30s this year. Last night, I saw two of the Royal Navy TV adverts, but I cannot recall when I last saw a TV advert for teaching: perhaps I am looking at the wrong channels.
With many schools being less likely to recruit applicants over the summer months, despite incentives to do so, the next month is likely to represent the final opportunity to improve on the predicted outcome for this year and a resulting challenging job market in 2018.
Unless there is a dramatic change in the birth rate over the next few years, the peak in the primary school population is probably very close to being reached. Data on schools and pupil numbers published by the DfE today https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/schools-pupils-and-their-characteristics-january-2017 reveal a slight decline in the number of Key State 1 infant classes above the nationally agreed limit of 30 pupils per class. The decline is only 0.1% from 11.9 to 11.8% of these classes and is still way above the 10.4% achieved in 2011 and 2012. Still, it remains below the 13.8% of 2006, and should fall further over the next few years.
There is still pressure at Key Stage 2, with average class sizes increasing from 20.4 to 20.8 across England. It seems likely that this average will continue to increase for the next couple of years that is unless Brexit results in a mass emigration of young families to other European countries. This seems less likely, although still possible, after the discussions last week on allowing existing migrants from the EU to remain in England.
There was a big jump in the average size of secondary classes, from 20.4 to 20.8, their highest level since 2008. With the increase in pupil numbers over the next few years, this average seems set to increase still further, perhaps towards the 21.5 reached in 2006.
The implications of the National Funding formula will probably be most keenly felt in the 5,400 primary schools and nearly 130 secondary schools with fewer than 200 pupils. Some of the latter may be UTCs and Studio schools with the chance to grow, but many of the primary schools could face an uncertain future with the costs of closure affecting local authority transport bills in rural areas.
On average, 12% of primary schools have less than 100 pupils. However, the average hides a wide range, from just 2% of schools in London to 19% in the East Midlands and 22% of primary sector schools in the South West. I am sure the travel implications have been taken into account by those reviewing the effects of school funding and the new formula.
The Church of England will certainly be interested in what happens to small schools under the new funding formula since more than a quarter of their primary schools have fewer than 100 pupils. In five regions the percentage of their schools with less than 100 pupils is more than 30% with the East Midlands having more than a third of Church of England primary schools being of this size. However, the Church of England has only 2% of its schools in London with less than 100 pupils, the same as the average for all schools. By contrast, London has the largest Church of England primary schools with one having more than 800 pupils. Still, by that is small compared with the largest primary school in London that has more than 1,500 pupils.
The confusion over the future of the public sector 1% pay cap that apparently highlighted differences between the Treasury and other ministers yesterday is but one symptom of the malaise at the heart of the present government. We are used to hearing of –U- turns, but what do we call a double reversal of intent since the term spin has already been appropriated in the political landscape?
Nevertheless, it is clear that pay and associated conditions of service for teachers cannot for ever avoid the effects of competition in a labour market while we live in a society where the State doesn't direct the job you have to take.
While the labour market remains buoyant, and especially the graduate labour market, it does seem inevitable that any ceiling on pay will have adverse effects. Later today, the June data on recruitment to teacher preparation courses starting this autumn will be published and that will be another straw in the wind. Regular readers will know that I don't expect the data to be very encouraging in terms of meeting the government's modelling over numbers needed to be recruited.
Eventually, the pay cap in education will have to go. The government can fudge the change by making changes to the overall structure through, for instance, initiatives such as loan forgiveness schemes that reduce a new entrant's monthly outgoings by taking over their student debt. However, that won't help older teachers and encouraging experienced teachers to remain in the profession may be as important as attracting new entrants, if you want a balanced age profile in the profession reflecting both experience and new ideas.
Then there is the question of regional pay. Should London pay rates go up faster than those elsewhere in the country because the London area is where the problem of recruitment is most severe? The data in a previous post about percentages of unqualified teachers might support this thesis, but it could also be down to academies in London looking for a different mix of skills not adequately provided by the subjects identified in the Teacher Supply Model? Should we pay more to secondary school teachers than those that work in primary schools? Traditionally that hasn't been the case and there seems little evidence that freeing academies form national pay rates has altered the pay landscape very much, except in one specific area.
Senior staff pay in schools, as much as elsewhere in society, doesn't seem to have been subject to the same degree of pay restraint as classroom teachers have experienced over the past decade. I don't buy the view that adding one or two schools to a Multi Academy Trust requires the Chief Executive to receive a pay rise to compensate for extra responsibilities.
Since academies are national schools, the government should look at whether chief officer pay in MATs is governed by any specific restrictions and whether there is at least a moral obligation to follow the government's line on pay restraint while it is still in force.
Perhaps a learned body or a university research team could produce some pay guidelines for chief officers of MATs that relate their pay and conditions to those of chief officers in local authority Children's Services? They might even be included in the Top Salaries Review Body since these staff in MATs are paid from government funds.
Do schools employ teachers with QTS?
Of course, such a study doesn't discuss the important policy issue of whether schooling should be like the NHS and governed centrally or as they used to be, under local democratic control: parents could eject their local councillor if the schools wasn't properly funded or performed badly. They are unlikely to eject an MP on the same grounds.
Anyway, the School workforce Census public tables contains a wealth of interesting material. Take the issue of secondary schools employing Qualified Teachers. Excluding trainees and schools such as Farringdon Academy in Oxfordshire, where there appear to be nil returns, most secondary schools employ teachers with QTS.
What do we know of the schools with less than 90% of teachers with QTS.? Many are specific types of school. UTCs and Studio Schools for 14-18 year olds abound in the lists across the country. Then there are specific schools such as the Steiner Schools where teaching and learning outcomes follow a specific pattern, but there are limited teacher preparation courses leading to QTS. There are also schools with a specific religious character of which Jewish and Roman Catholic schools appear most frequently in the list of schools with less than 90% of teachers with QTS.
Schools also differ in their age profiles. There are over 120 secondary schools where more than a third of the teaching staff are over the age of 50 despite the general trend towards a younger teaching force across the system as a whole. These older teachers are less likely to be found in London schools than in some other parts of England.
Male teachers are also becoming rarer in secondary schools, with none of Oxfordshire's 11-18 secondary schools reporting a gender balance: all have a majority of female teachers, albeit only a small majority in a few cases. There is no doubt still something of a general imbalance at the Leadership level.
The School Workforce Census also includes some data on vacancies, but with the collection date in November, when most schools are fully staffed, it isn't anything like as interesting as the TeachVac site that collects vacancy data throughout the year. TeachVac also has extra data on science, design and technology, mathematics and IT vacancies that can be of use to those interested in information about that group of subjects. We can collect the same detailed information on other subjects and leadership posts as well.
This is an ambitious report into the issues relating to funding schools across just under 20 of the economies that make up the OECD block. In one sense the issues raised here aren't new. Funding, and the relationship between funding and the aims of an education system, has always been a matter for debate. Indeed, ever since the governments first became involved in funding education, the key questions around how and to whom have never been far from the surface of political debate. At the most basic level, this is characterised by two of the issues discussed in the OECD report. How much funding is raised locally and where that isn't sufficient how is it topped up, and secondly, how is the success of any funding model measured and what happens when schools fall short of successful outcomes? This includes the debate about what is meant by equality and equal opportunities. Providing every learner with the same opportunity is not the same as providing them with the same funding as something as simple as the payment of a London salary weighting in England clearly demonstrated well before the notion of Pupil and Service Children Premiums were ever considered. Finally, there is the issue of the governance, where those that raise the money often don't actually spend it on education. This involves the quality and quantity of data necessary for this task to be effective without overwhelming the system.
The OECD Review notes that as school systems have become more complex and characterised by multi-level governance, a growing set of actors including different levels of the school administration, schools themselves and private providers are involved in school funding in many OECD countries.
It is disappointing that the home nations don't form part of the review group of nations, although reference to issues and the literature arising from the Uk are to be found throughout the document, if the reader knows where to look., including Dolton and Marcenaro-Gutierrez 2011 article in the journal Economic Policy, "If you pay peanuts do you get monkeys?
While this Review will be a mine of information to scholars researching the issue of funding, always recognising that some decisions are context bound and that, for instance, more rural economies may have different priorities than more urban and mixed economies, where the needs of the two groups compete with each other.
It is to be hoped that work will be undertaken to consider the differing actions of the four home nations with respect to funding against the issues raised in this review: the outcomes might be very illuminating.
Is the crisis in mathematics teaching over? According to the data in the 2016 School Workforce Census, if not over, then the problem is at least well on the way to being solved, if you use two important measures for the teaching workforce.
The 2016 figure is a remarkable turnaround on the 2015 percentage and probably the largest single year change ever recorded. There are similar improvements across many other subjects, with only physics not really following the general trend.
The improvement in Physics is only a marginal 0.2% over last year and still far worse than in 2013, although the number of teachers has increased from 6,300 to 6,500, the best level for many years.
To triangulate the data it is worth also looking at the hours taught in a typical week to pupils in years 7 to 13 by teachers with no subject relevant post A-level qualification. This is the measure used last year by the Migration Advisory Committee in their seminal report. The data can be found in Table 13 of this year's School Workforce Census.
So, apart from in Physics, not only has the percentage of teachers with minimal qualifications been reduced, but the percentage of hours taught by such teachers is also down.
However, before everyone becomes too euphoric and proclaims the end of the teacher supply crisis, it is worth noting these are for Qualified Teachers only. It is not clear what impact both the School Direct Salaried and Teach First schemes have on these numbers. The ability of schools to correctly complete the School Workforce Census must also be taken into consideration. Recruitment into training in 2016 and the job market in 2017 may have played a part in helping the improvement as may the work undertaken by the government in mathematics in upgrading the knowledge and skills base of those teaching mathematics.
Whatever the reasons, these figures show an improving trend, although one in eight hours in mathematics taught be a Qualified Teacher with not even an A-Level in the subject is still not good enough. The fact that almost a quarter of Physics lessons are taught by such teachers, let along the hours taught by unqualified and trainee teachers in the subject even after several years of generous bursaries is not a happy situation. It also raises the question of whether the government is paying generous training bursaries to teachers that end up outside of the State school system. If that is the case, a loan forgiveness scheme or even better salaries for teachers in the State system might be better alternatives.
The concern about recruitment into training in 2017 together with the rising secondary school population means that even if the 2017 School Workforce Census produces similar results to the 2016, the 2018 Census may show a return to more concerning outcomes. But, since that won't be published until 2019 that's a world away in politics.
On Tuesday, I asked a question of the Oxfordshire Cabinet members for Education and Children's Services about the extent of the problem of finding school places for 'Looked After' young people. The question and answer are reproduced below.
Answer: Over the past three years it has been exceptional for a 'Looked After' Child to be taken onto the roll of an out of county school in under two weeks. Indeed, of the nine cases of primary age pupils we've looked at, the quickest a pupil was placed was 12 days (there were two) and the slowest was 77 days. For the 22 secondary age pupils the picture is even worse, with 3 weeks the quickest placement and a couple taking fully 6 months to get some of our most vulnerable young people into a stable school setting.
he main reason for this completely unacceptable state of affairs is that the Council has no power to direct an academy to admit a 'Looked After' Child. The only way we can force an academy's hand is to get a direction from the Educations & Skills Funding Agency and this, as you can see from the foregoing times, can be a very long winded bureaucratic process. The fact that it takes so long for academies to admit our 'Looked After' Children shows how doggedly our officers pursue the matter; I suspect that many other local authorities simply give up when they meet an intransigent academy that doesn't want to take responsibility for educating their vulnerable young people.
I found the answer deeply depressing. However, the good news is that MPs from the three political parties representing Oxfordshire constituencies have agreed to work together to take the matter forward. Thank you to MPs, Victoria Prentice, Layla Moran and Anneliese Dodds, for agreeing to seek action to remedy this state of affairs.
If readers have data about the issue elsewhere in England, I would be delighted to hear from you, so pressure can be put on officials nationally to ensure a rapid change in the rules.


A new year is an excellent time to make improvements in various aspects of your life, and some areas ready for a change may include such all-important areas of your home as the kitchen and bath. If you have plans to move home or remodel a bathroom in your home, it will be helpful to know what will be fashionable in 2015 and, PT Ranson bathrooms with such delights the range of Victoria and Albert Baths will be able to help you. For those looking to move house then the rooms that buyers scrutinize are the kitchen and bathroom.
Since other rooms can be improved upon with paint, floor wax or carpeting and perhaps some minor electrical work, an attractive, recently updated kitchen or bathroom is more likely to tip the scales in favour of a sale. If you are planning to upgrade to designer bathrooms in your current home for a future home sale or for your own enjoyment, you will want to do your research and find a manufacturer of high-quality luxury bathroom fittings who can deliver exactly what you want. If you are adding a new bathroom to your current home, you will want to choose a sleek design that provides the greatest possible return on your investment, and in many cases it will make sense to upgrade existing bathrooms to ensure a similarly updated and well-appointed look. The right designer will be able to help you do just that.
People adding a new bathroom to their home or upgrading to designer bathrooms have many things to consider before going into a showroom, and it is helpful to envision the desired result before deciding between the options that you have based on space availability, plumbing and other issues. One of the most obvious considerations is what you generally want your designer bathrooms to look like. Do you have a preferred colour scheme? What about a preference for features that will be easy to clean? Do certain types of fixtures appeal to you more than others? Next, consider how your preferences will work with the layout of your current bathroom. To what extent might the existing layout have to change? Would you be willing and able to consider a more extensive renovation that involves new plumbing and electrical wiring? Will the dimensions of your existing bathroom or planned add-on leave enough space and allow for comfortable placement of fittings and ease of movement between the tub or shower, toilet and sink? All of these questions need to be answered before ordering your luxury bathroom fittings, and the right manufacturer will come to your home, do a walk-through and work with you to develop a design that will work with your preferences as well as any variables that cannot be changed.
Once you have gone through this initial phase of the design process, you will be able to decide on the features that you would like to include in your renovated bathroom. Popular features right now include basin-style sinks on vanity bases with additional shelving or drawers, wide sinks and mirrors which can be shared by couples in master baths, free-standing tubs, recessed spaces for shampoo and other toiletries, stainless steel fixtures and white or off-white fittings against a dark background. If you have limited cabinetry in your current bathroom or exposed plumbing which you would like to conceal, certain luxury bathroom fittings by Kohler and others can solve both problems in the form of an equally attractive and useful vanity base which also will also make the best possible use of the space.
Shower cubicles can also be an excellent space-saving feature which makes for easier cleaning. For larger bathrooms, separate shower cubicles and free-standing tubs are an attractive way to break up a large space, and windows with a view of the treetops can make the bath experience even more relaxing. Finally, you will want to make certain that the installers are familiar with the manufacturer's products and support services. A reputable designer will recommend knowledgeable installers who will typically bring in their own electricians and plumbers as needed for your bathroom renovation project.


text:
«Наро́дження На́ції» () — американський німий історичний фільм режисера Девіда Ворка Ґріффіта 1915 року, один із найуспішніших фільмів в історії німого кіно (дохід перевищив витрати майже в сто разів). Події у фільмі розгортаються протягом та після громадянської війни в США. Одна з найвидатніших робіт в історії кінематографу. Картину вирізняє використання багатьох інноваційних технічних досягнень, а також прославлення расової нерівності та Ку-клукс-клану.

Сюжет

Частина 1: США до Громадянської війни
Щаслива сім'я Кемерон живе в Підмонті, Південна Кароліна. У доктора і місіс Кемерон три сини: Бенджамін, Вейд та Дюк і дві дочки: старша Маргарет і молодша Флора. До них в гості приїжджають друзі з Пенсільванії: депутат Остін Стоунмен у супроводі двох синів — Тода і Філа. Філ закохується в старшу дочку Кемерона, а Бен Кемерон — у доньку Остіна Елсі Стоунмен, побачивши її фотографію.

Починається війна. Стоунмен примикають до прихильників Півночі, Кемерони — до прихильників Півдня.

Йде облога Петерсберзі. Прихильникам Півдня не вистачає продовольства. Бен Кемерон, ставши полковником армії конфедератів, запекло бореться, але зрештою перестає пручатися, і його бере в полон старий друг Філ Стоунмен, в той час як батьки і сестри Бена з трепетом прислухаються до гуркоту битви.

Прихильники Південних Штатів переможені. Генерал Лі приходить до генерала Гранта. За полоненим полковником, який лікується в госпіталі, доглядає Елсі Стоунмен, що відповіла взаємністю на його любов. Разом з матір'ю Кемерона вона вирушає до президента Лінкольна, і благає його про поблажливість до Бена.

Тим часом Остін Стоунмен стає одним з прихильників крайніх заходів в конгресі. Депутат взяв сторону негрів і переконав мулата Сайласа Лінча стати їх політичним ватажком. Після вбивства президента Лінкольна, відтвореного у всіх деталях, Остін Стоунмен практично управляє Сполученими Штатами.

Частина 2. Реконструкція
Ліга Союзу отримує більшість голосів на парламентських виборах. Сайлас Лінч призначається заступником губернатора. Білих проганяють з вулиць, викреслюють з виборчих бюлетенів і найчастіше позбавляють майна.

Бен Кемерон стає на чолі руху опору. Депутат Стоунмен, дізнавшись про це, розриває його заручини з Елсі. Огастус Сезар (Гас), відданий слуга Кемеронів, вступає до лав збройної негритянської гвардії, яку набрав Сайлас Лінч. Гас домагається руки Флори. Сім'я, розорена війною, живе у цілковитій нужді. Одного разу, коли Флора, йдучи до криниці, наважується зайти в ліс неподалік, за нею женеться Гас, їй загрожує насильство. Рятуючи свою честь, дівчина кидається з вершини скелі і гине. Бен Кемерон знаходить труп Флори і клянеться помститися.

Сайлас Лінч загрожує арештом доктору Кемерону, що знайшов притулок разом зі старою дружиною, юної дочкою і кількома вірними слугами — неграми, серед полів в хатині, яку збирається розгромити чорна гвардія. Елсі захищає перед Лінчем справу Кемеронів і свого брата Філа, нареченого Маргарет Кемерон, що розділяє доля сім'ї південців. Мулат намагається зґвалтувати дівчину. Стоунмен нарешті розуміє свою помилку, і Сайлас Лінч наказує його заарештувати.

Чорна гвардія на чолі з Сайласом Лінчем кидається на приступ відокремленій хатини, Кемерони обороняються, стріляючи з рушниці. Вони вже на волоску від смерті, але з гір з'являються білі вершники ку-клукс-клану на чолі з Великим Драконом. Клан, який вже вбив Гаса, винуватця смерті Флори, звільняє Стоунмена. Депутат обіцяє відтепер захищати білих.

На закінчення показується нова ідилія в Південних Штатах, що знову знайшли щастя при пануванні ку-клукс-клану. Два шлюби між Кемероном та Стоунменами символізують новий союз між Північчю і Півднем.

Персонажі

Головні ролі

Другорядні ролі

Знімальна група

 Режисер: Девід Ворк Гріффіт
 Продюсери: Девід Ворк Гріффіт, Х. Е. Айткен
 Сценаристи: Томас Діксон-молодший, Девід Ворк Гріффіт, Френк Е. Вудс
 Оператор: Г. В. Бітцер
 Композитори: Джозеф Карл Брейл, Девід Ворк Гріффіт
 Монтаж: Девід Ворк Гріффіт, Джозеф Енабері, Джеймс Сміт, Роуз Сміт, Рауль Волш
 Артдиректор: Ральф М. ДеЛейсі
 Помічники режисера: Монте Блу, Крісті Кабанне, Елмер Кліфтон, Джек Конвей, Дональд Крісп, Аллан Дван, Говард Гає, Фред Гамер, Роберт Гаррон, Джозеф Генабері, Джордж Зігманн, Еріх фон Штрогейм, Рауль Волш, Генрі Волтхолл, Том Вілсон
 Помічники оператора: Карл Браун, Френк Б. Гуд
 Спецефекти: Волтер Гоффман
 Костюмери: Роберт Голдштейн, Клер Вест

Створення фільму

До 1913 рокуГріффіту набридло знімати короткометражні картини, які не давали йому повною мірою продемонструвати своє мистецтво кінозйомки. Більшість кінопродюсерів того часу вважали, що глядач не зможе висидіти на кіносеансі, що триває понад 15 хвилин, але Гріффіт дотримувався іншої точки зору.

Виробництво фільму фінансувала фірма «ІВОК-філм», заснована Гріффітом і Ейткеном. Ейткен вклав у підприємство лише четверту частину загального капіталу — 25 тисяч доларів. Решту суми вклали акціонери.
Френк Вудс і Гріффіт закінчили роботу над сценарієм за півтора місяця. Зйомки велися в липні, серпні і на початку вересня 1914 року. Декорації були зведені у вельми примітивних павільйонах студії «Рілайенс Меджестік» під художнім керівництвом її засновника Томаса Інса. Багато декорацій будувалося просто неба.

Монтаж картини, яким особисто керував Гріффіт, тривав три з половиною місяці. Музична партитура, написана Дж. Брейлі, представляла собою в основному попурі з американських народних пісень і уривки з творів Бетховена, Ліста, Россіні, Джузеппе Верді, Чайковського, Грига, Вагнера.

«Народження нації» мало такий грандіозний успіх, що витрати на його створення окупилися всього за два місяці прокату картини. Аудиторія складалася з представників усіх верств населення, і це істотно підвищило культурний статус кінематографа. У той же час зображення чорних персонажів носило у фільмі відверто расистський характер, що викликало бурю протестів і призвело до заборони картини у багатьох американських містах.

Художні особливості
У фільмі знімалися всі найкращі актори школи Гріффіта. У масових сценах брало участь до 1000 осіб.

«…Режисерська робота з акторами далеко не скрізь зразкова <…> Характери в цілому намічені досить схематично, надто великими штрихами… Значення фільму не в розкритті психології персонажів, не в режисерській роботі з акторами, а в тій майстерності, яку Гріффіт проявив у монтажі та постановці масових сцен…» (Жорж Садуль)

У «Народженні нації» Гріффіт майже постійно застосовує паралельний монтаж.

Назви фільму у різних країнах
 Аргентина — El nacimiento de una nación
 Болгарія — Раждането на една нация
 Бразилія — O Nascimento de Uma Nação
 Греція — I gennisi enos ethnous
 Данія — En nations fødsel
 Італія — Nascita di una nazione
 Іспанія — El Naixement d'una nació (каталонська), El nacimiento de una nación
 Мексика — El nacimiento de una nación
 Німеччина — Die Geburt einer Nation
 Норвегія — En nasjons fødsel
 Польща — Narodziny narodu
 Португалія — O Nascimento de Uma Nação
 США' — In the Clutches of the Ku Klux Klan, The Birth of the Nation, The Clansman Туреччина — Bir Ulusun Dogusu Угорщина — Amerika hőskora, Egy nemzet születése Фінляндія — Kansakunnan synty, Kansakunnan syntyminen, Kansojen synty, Ku-Klux-Klan Франція — Naissance d'une nation Швеція — Nationens födelse Югославія — Rodjenje nacije Японія — Kokumin no sôsei Дати прем'єрного показу
 Лос-Анджелес — 8 лютого' 1915 (прем'єрний показ)
 США — 3 березня' 1915 Данія — 22 березня' 1918
 Швеція — 23 вересня' 1918 Франція — 22 жовтня' 1920
 Іспанія — 13 жовтня' 1921 Фінляндія — 16 квітня' 1922, 25 вересня 1964 (повторний реліз)
 Японія — 25 квітня' 1924 США — 18 грудня' 1930 (повторний реліз в Нью-Йорку)
 Португалія — 20 квітня' 1965 (Cinemateca Portuguesa) Греція — 11 жовтня' 2010 (Silent Film Festival)

Цікаві факти
 Вперше демонструвався в Лос-Анджелесі в кінозалі «Клюнз» 8 лютого 1915 року під своєю початковою назвою. Вже після перегляду Томас Діксон під враженнями, запропонував нову назву.
 Президент Вільсон наказав влаштувати перегляд фільму в Білому домі під час одного із засідань, на яке було запрошено багато державних діячів та дипломатів з родинами.
 Гріффіт випустив на захист фільму брошуру «Підйом і занепад свободи слова в Америці».
 Два великих ліберальних журнали «Нью Рипаблик» і «Нейшн» в статтях кінокритика Френсіса Гекета та головного редактора Освальда Гаррісона Вілларда дали фільму нищівну оцінку.
 Ректор Гарвардського університету Чарльз Еліот заявив, що фільм є «збоченням ідеалу білих».
 «Національна асоціація розвитку кольорових народів» випустила брошуру, спрямовану проти фільму.
 Кадри переможної скачки ку-клукс-кланівців супроводжувалися «Польотом валькірій» Ріхарда Вагнера.
 У Франції фільм заборонила цензура. В Парижі його демонстрували тільки в 1921 році в зміненому варіанті.
 Облога Петерсбурга — один з основних епізодів фільму — в романі Томаса Діксона займає всього лише дві сторінки (розповідь одного з персонажів).
 Для численних доповнень до сценарію Френк Вудс і Гріффіт використовували «Пляма леопарда», другий роман Томаса Діксона.
 Жоден темношкірий актор не знімався у фільмах Гріффіта в головній ролі. Їх ролі виконували загримовані білі артисти.
 Від фільму Гріффіт отримав близько мільйона доларів чистого прибутку.
 З приходом звукового кіно «Народження нації» було озвучено і знову випущено на екрани.
 На хвилі успіху фільму було знято продовження, «Захід нації», яке провалилося в прокаті.
 У 2008 році Dj Spooky на основі фільму зробив проєкт «Переродження нації»

Примітки

Посилання

Фільми США 1915
Фільми Девіда Ворка Гріффіта
Фільми-драми США
Історичні фільми США
Національний реєстр фільмів
Німе кіно США
Чорно-білі фільми США
Фільми про расизм
Ку-клукс-клан

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Firefighters and medics on scene at Harvey Avenue and Spall Road earlier Monday morning to help a driver who suffered a heart attack.
On Monday morning a man appeared to be suffering a heart attack while driving on Harvey Avenue near Spall Road.
Another motorist saw what happened, pulled the man from his car and started CPR.
"It's a great job on his part," Kelowna Fire Captain Doug Shaw said of the man who began first aid.
The incident stopped traffic in both directions for nearly 45 minutes as emergency crews tended to the man.
The man's condition is still not known.


Toy maintenance is very maintenance to sanity and sanitation of your child's play area. Children will spend most of their day around these thing so don't be lazy about keeping up with these things. Remember some storage space, a couple cleaning tools and some sense of discretion is all that's really necessary to keep things running smooth in your household.
Before we even get to toy maintenance let's talk about which toys to get. First try to limit the amount of toys you get so you can avoid clutter in your home. Avoid buying similar toys not matter how much they want it as they will most likely get bored thus wasting space and your money. Try to get toys that are simple to manage and clean. Be sure to check if the stuffed toys you buy are machine washable to make it easy on yourself. It's hard to test the durability of toys that require assembly so try to find some reviews online about it. If in doubt it is always better to be safe than sorry so hold off for little on it.
Common sense says that toys can and will get dirty over time. Regular maintenance and inspection of all toys can keep your child from any mishaps or incidents that could have been otherwise easily avoided. Check to make sure not only that the toys are clean but also that the toys are still sturdy and stable to save your child from any physical accidents. Wash down toys with safe antibacterial cleaners with no harsh chemicals. This way you are sure your child is safe physically and health wise. Cleansing toys can guard against your children getting sick, so use antibacterial agents to assist.
Proper storage and rotation of toys is also important to maintain. A clean dry storage place is necessary to keep toys from flooding the floors and also prevent breaking any of them so your money is not wasted and your child's feelings spared. Regularly rotate toys so that your child will not get bored as quickly, even though they will still eventually, and this gives you time to inspect the toys not in use at the same time.
Supervision during playtime is necessary to avoid silly accidents that need not be. Watch that they play safe with their toys and not get too excited and hurt themselves due to reckless mobility. Lastly just use your head when it comes to keeping the play areas clean and all will be well.
Victor Epand is an expert consultant about kids toys, stuffed animals, and dolls. You will find the best marketplace for kids toys, stuffed animals, and dolls at these sites for well maintained toys and stuffed animals .
Biometric Technology, Are They New Toys For Children?


text:
Dockerized MongoDb
====================

[![on docker](https://img.shields.io/badge/docker-available-green.svg)](https://hub.docker.com/r/astrodigital/ad-monogodb/)

A docker image for running production-level MongoDb for [landsat-api](https://github.com/developmentseed/landsat-api)

MongoDB version
---------------

Different versions are built from different folders. The images are also hosted on [DockerHub](https://hub.docker.com/r/astrodigital/ad-monogodb/)

Usage
-----

To build the image go the folder of the version you need and execute the following command:

        docker build -t 'astrodigital/ad-monogodb' 3.0/.

You can also download the latest version for Docker hub;

        docker pull astrodigital/ad-monogodb:latest

Running the MongoDB server
--------------------------

Run the following command to start MongoDB:

        docker run -d -p 27017:27017 --name mongodb astrodigital/ad-monogodb:latest

The first time that you run your container, a new random password will be set.
To get the password, check the logs of the container by running:

        docker logs mongodb

You will see an output like the following:

        ========================================================================
        You can now connect to this MongoDB server using:

            mongo admin -u admin -p 5elsT6KtjrqV --host <host> --port <port>
            mongo landsat-api -u landsatuser -p EOsBKpZzXCiig1gdrtZI --host <host> --port <port>

        Please remember to change the above password as soon as possible!
        ========================================================================

In this case, `5elsT6KtjrqV` is the password set.
You can then connect to MongoDB:

         mongo admin -u admin -p 5elsT6KtjrqV

Done!

Setting a specific password for the admin account
-------------------------------------------------

If you want to use a preset password instead of a randomly generated one, you can
set the environment variable `MONGODB_PASS` to your specific password when running the container:

        docker run -d -p 27017:27017 -e MONGODB_PASS="mypass" -e LANDSAT_PASSWORD="landsatpss" -e USERNAME="landsatuser" --name mongodb astrodigital/ad-monogodb:latest

You can now test your new admin password:

        mongo admin -u admin -p mypass
        curl --user admin:mypass --digest http://localhost:27017/

Run MongoDB without password
----------------------------

If you want to run MongoDB without password you can set the environment variable `AUTH` to specific if you want password or not when running the container:

        docker run -d -p 27017:27017 --name mongodb -e AUTH=no astrodigital/ad-monogodb:latest

By default is "yes".

Run MongoDB with a specific storage engine
------------------------------------------

In MongoDB 3.0 there is a new environment variable `STORAGE_ENGINE` to specific the mongod storage driver:

By default is "wiredTiger".

Change the default oplog size
-----------------------------

In MongoDB 3.0 the variable `OPLOG_SIZE` can be used to specify the mongod oplog size in megabytes:

        docker run -d -p 27017:27017 --name mongodb -e AUTH=no -e OPLOG_SIZE=50 astrodigital/ad-monogodb:latest

By default MongoDB allocates 5% of the available free disk space, but will always allocate at least 1 gigabyte and never more than 50 gigabytes.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Regardless of what form of article you'll want, you truly do maybe not should worry. We're prepared to offer you on-line article help through your homework. It constantly feels fantastic knowing you're about to be offered a expert composition help match all the deadlines and complete each of the gasps within the program. I could allow you to do your homework. You're competent to function with an expert essay writer when acquiring guidance on the best method to prevent common mistakes and errors. We make https://write-my-essay-for-me.org sure the editing should be completed according to the necessity of the article. You might discover us the ideal decision to assist you with every among the difficulties you're facing in your educational lifestyle. In instances like this, there'sn't any higher notion than to request an skilled help with article! No, I do not require any help!
At least this isn't a case where they are buying youngster.
Get essay aid of the quality meet your own educational goals without hitch. The ideal article aid is only a click away. You too can get these FREEBIES with your custom essay papers. People that are composing documents for a lengthy while also require essay assist sometimes. Producing a customized article writing are catchy. Our business is able to allow you to write the finest essays. If you want help writing an essay, we'll make this process simple and pleasing.
In kind "t" you will see 20 questions and in form "h" there will be 15 queries.
When you're intending to get the essay, your primary function is really to find a genuine custom essay in the very finest custom essay writing company. To assist you appreciate your own lifestyle for a pupil more, we're here to assist you. There's also a rise in the level of authorship. I wasn't part of a few of the outstanding school cliques. That's why a great number of students long for aid with essays again and again. Whether this scenario looks familiar to you personally individually, then you're a college student in need of the expert composition helper. We are regarded among the very finest essay associate businesses in the state with a few years of expertise in various niches and fields. Hundreds of students just like you've discovered the many benefits of utilizing an expert composition writing.
They can be heading to assist every one of the pupils Resume Creating. We've written papers for lots of pupils, and we carry on to achieve that. Each student isn't sharp enough to manage producing. Unless you wish to turn into overrun with really being a student, you could usually assign your composition – writing assignments to us. Homework, or perhaps a homework project, is actually a series of tasks assigned to pupils by their own instructors to be fulfilled beyond the course. When you've very little time to spare or additionally you need assistance organizing your info, now's the time to chew over getting proficient aid. We're here to offer you the best services in supplying the essay composing assist. It'sn't therefore simple to write as it requires lots of study and advancement.
Pick a style that best fits the experience of one's staff.
Everything considered, this really is truly the time required for the creating aid results to happen. You just do not have enough time and are desperately desiring support. While we understand you could want aid in the form of your assignments, we are unable to offer the. It becomes demanded to require expert assistance. In this manner, the clients are provided the chance for suggesting any required corrections immediately. Hence, when interacting with your author, you might be able to completely use the chance and convey all of your expectations, ideas and plans.


text:
Home Campaign Events Peterloo Names The Massacre RIP Document More Info Photos
Coming up for 2019
The Peterloo Tapestry
We're very pleased to announce that The Peterloo Tapestry will be getting its first formal exhibition and will be on display during Manchester Cathedral's multi-faith Service to Commemorate the 200th Anniversary of the Peterloo Massacre on the 7th July 2019. The Tapestry will be exhibited at Manchester Cathedral from the 5th to the 28th July.
Exhibitions and Workshops
Museums and Libraries all over Greater Manchester are commemorating the Peterloo Bicentenary with exhibitions of Peterloo collections.
Don't miss this opportunity to see these rare objects, documents, banners and artworks up close.
Some of the exhibitions taking place are:
"Protest and Peterloo" exhibition at Touchstones, Rochdale
"Remembering Peterloo" at Quarry Bank and Dunham Massey
"From Waterloo to Peterloo" at Gallery Oldham
"Making the News: Reading between the lines, from Peterloo to Meskel Square" at the Portico Library, Manchester.
These are just a handful of the many exhibitions and events taking place all over Greater Manchester over June - August 2019.
See them all at the Peterloo 1819 website.
And don't forget to check if there's a Liberty Cap building workshop happening near you!
2018 Anniversary Events - Peterloo Massacre 2018 Commemorative Rally and Picnic
The main 2018 commemoration event on the 19th of August was organized in conjunction with Greater Manchester Trades Council, with the names of the dead being read by those individuals who, over the last decades, have been crucial to reviving the memory of this previously neglected part of our history.
New research by leading Peterloo historian Dr Robert Poole, this year uncovered several new names that have been added to our official List of Fatalities.
We also hosted a very popular audition for artist Red Saunder's forthcoming Peterloo Massacre photographic tableau, which will form part of his Hidden Series, a project which 'recreates great moments in the long struggle of working people for democracy and social justice.'
On the 16th August we were delighted to display some beautiful replica banners provided by the production company behind Mike Leigh's Peterloo film.
2017 Anniversary Event - THE PETERLOO NAMES
What a great day it was! After taking a side step in 2016 to create the Peterloo Tapestry, we returned to our traditional commemoration ceremony in 2017, only this time we asked you bring along placards bearing the surnames of people who we know were at Peterloo on the 16th August 1819.
We gathered in Albert Square and stood defiant as Magistrate Charles Ethelston (played by Christopher Eccleston) attempted to 'disperse' the crowd by reading the riot act from the window of the Lord Mayor's suite in the Town Hall. Our 'villain' was received with boos and laughter and told to "Sod off!"
We were also pleased that Maxine Peake was able to join us, having recently finished filming of Mike Leigh's film 'Peterloo' due to be released in Autumn 2018. She delivered a message of support from Mike Leigh (who couldn't be there) and presented us with a set of Peterloo badges identical to those gifted to the entire film crew and cast on the set of the Peterloo film for the commemoration they held on the 16th August 2017. The badges are now attached to The Peterloo Tapestry which also made an appearance on the 20th August.
The day ended on a high note when we received a suprise visit and beautiful impromptu performance by Hand in Hand LGBT Choir to end their 2017 Choir Festival.
For the full list of known attendees see our Peterloo Names page.
2016 Anniversary Event - THE PETERLOO TAPESTRY
The Peterloo Memorial Campaign Group's 2016 commemorative event was the creation of a public participative artwork in the form of an evocative tapestry. Creation of the tapestry took place in the historic Friends' Meeting House, where victims took refuge from the massacre on the 16th August 1819.
As well as being a powerful, expressive, absorbing and intriguing object in its own right, the Tapestry serves as a formal record of Manchester's aspirations for what the forthcoming Peterloo Memorial should express.
The 4ft x 30ft canvas was spun and woven on vintage machines at Quarry Bank Mill, onto which members of the public were invited to attach their pre-prepared pieces. The finished artwork is a collage of ideas, inspiration, memories and poignant objects which reflect what the Peterloo Massacre,
and other struggles for democracy both past and present, mean to the people of Greater Manchester.
A very special thank you to the Friends' Meeting House Manchester for their warm welcome and overwhelming support, and to Quarry Bank Mill for donating the cloth and letting us explore their workshops and storerooms for materials and mementos used in the tapestry.
The tapestry was first revealed to the public during the Reading of the Names Ceremony on Tuesday 16th August 2016, on the Windmill Street side of the Manchester Central forecourt, before attendees helped to walk the 30ft banner through lunchtime traffic to Albert Square, where it was proudly displayed outside the Town Hall.
A subsequent session was held at Briton's Protection pub on 17th November 2016 where the public were invited to help us fill all the gaps on the tapestry with words to describe what we people feel the memorial should embody and express.
We plan to hold a final finish-off session to complete all the gaps and reinforce stitching before the 2017 anniversary in August. Stay tuned for more
updates or contact us if you have any questions about how to get involved.
PETERLOO PICNIC - 196th Anniversary Commemoration
1pm - 3pm Sunday 16th August 2015
Our biggest commemoration yet!
Banners, Picnic hampers, Marchers, Music, and Sunshine!
Despite the energy and buzz of the crowd a haunting minute's silence was observed during the Reading Of The Names ceremony.
It was a truly spectacular turnout. We estimate 1000 people attended, and the press were all over it. A special thank you to all our guests who read names and performed - Maxine Peake, John Henshaw, Christopher Eccleston, CP Lee, Sefton Mottley, Dave Haslam, Robert Poole, George Borowski, Stella Grundy, John Thomson, Jennifer Reid, Lord Mayor, Sheila Abrams, Open Voice Community Choir and music from Martin Bob Irving & John.
Manchester Central Conference Centre were really co-operative and helpful, offering us use of the South half of the space for the commemoration, despite them having three events on that weekend.
Most of all, thanks to everyone who attended, helping to make this such a successful and memorable commemoration!
195th Anniversary, Sunday 17th August 2014
The 195th Anniversary saw a huge increase in numbers, with several high profile supporters joining us for a solemn 'Reading of the names of the dead', a ceremony we now plan to build on over the years.
Each of our guests, together with members of the campaign, read a name apiece, along with as much biographical detail as we could find.
We were pleased to have actress Maxine Peake, fresh from her performance of Shelley's 'Masque of Anarchy' join us (along with the Lord Mayor) to read the names of the dead under the Peterloo plaque on the side of the former Free Trade Hall for the 16th August commemoration.
There was a record turnout, and this excellent, accurate piece from the M.E.N. was part of a pretty wide (but very varying in quality) media interest.
Watch Maxine reading the names here.
193rd Anniversary, Sunday 19th August 2012
The event generated plenty of media coverage and saw good numbers attending. Council Leader Richard Leese commented to us that Peterloo was a 'minority interest', so let's hope they take notice.
Flowers were laid at the foot of the Liberty Cap. Common or garden ones are totally appropriate.
191st Anniversary Design Competition
We launched our own Peterloo Memorial Designs on Facebook.
We want it to act as a resource for the decision making process, as a benchmark... for what can be done, as a democratic input into the process, and as inspiration for artists seeking to create the finished piece.
190th ANNIVERSARY EVENT
The commemoration event this year was a stunning success. Billed as the first time the liberty cap has been raised in Manchester for almost 200 years, the event attracted 200 people.
People marched in along the original routes from Oldham, Middleton and Stockport, carrying replica banners. 20 especially produced modern Liberty Caps were raised on sticks, with music provided by singers from Middleton, who later performed the debut of their 'Peterloo - soldiers on the rampage' at the Angel Pub in Manchester. The crowd then made their way to the peace gardens to lay a Peterloo wreath.
Speakers included Jim Battle, the deputy leader of the council, and Tony Lloyd MP. Peterloo Chairman Paul Fitzgerald emphasised how crucial it is that the design of the memorial be realistic and informative:
"This area has often been described as sacred ground and it's haunted, we think, by how poorly we've remembered these people. For almost 200 years the memory of Peterloo has been ignored, fudged or whitewashed, so it's crucial, if we want to put these ghosts to rest, that the new memorial changes all that.
The memorial needs to be prominent, realistic, informative and respectful- a design that actually informs people of what happened here, and not an abstract, meaningless block of stone, or once again, we'll have let them down.
Hundreds of people signed the campaign petition demanding that the proposed memorial is "prominent, realistic, informative and respectful".
Peterloo featured heavily in artist Jeremy Deller's piece 'Procession' as part of the Manchester International Festival, Sunday 5th July, Deansgate. The replica banners and other peterloo memorabilia then featured in the related exhibition at Cornerhouse.
There was plenty of press coverage, including all the local TV stations:
Oldham Chronicle
Exhibition at the Central Library
Terry Wyke and Stephen Yates have curated a superb collection of old and new Peterloo memorabilia, on display in the 1st floor exhibition cases. This runs until September 2009.
We pasted a dignified memorial onto the floor very near the location of the speaker's cart, laid flowers, and added to it the metallic horseshoe shapes as suggested at our design day; one for each person killed. This sadly didn't last more than a day, though was seen by the large crowd attending that day's superb public Peterloo history walk hosted by Jonathan Schofield.
We then moved on to the busier location of St Peter's Square, and handed out numerous flyers.
BBC local radio was there and we gave an interview. The Council arranged their own photo opportunity but didn't invite us along.
MEMORIAL DESIGN DAY, 5TH JULY 2008
Thanks to everyone who came along and made it a success. There were some great ideas, a few of which are reproduced here.
Hoofprints
This was the most popular idea of the day- creating the possibility of a monument that covers a very large area without being prohibitively expensive. The hoofprints could be used independently, or in conjunction with a central monument / plaque.
The hoofprints could follow the paths taken by the cavalry on the day and then collect in a violent looking melee once they reached the area covered by the crowd. The names of those who died could be marked over a wide area by smaller plaques, each of which is visited by the hoofprints.
Other variations on this 'floor' sculpture included:
Footprints leading to the site reflecting the different districts who marched into Manchester for the day.
Fallen bonnets and caps, very reminiscent of Samuel Bamford's account of the aftermath of the massacre.
Fallen, or half fallen banners in the midst of the hoofprints.
A fallen or broken sabre.
People felt very strongly that monument should provide a clear description of the event, and that some form of plaque should be used to achieve this.
Liberty Caps
Emerged again and again in the designs, as these were a major part of the banners on the day, and very carefully targeted by the Yeomanry. Read an explanation of this very old and powerful symbol of democracy and freedom
A NEW STATUE
Late in 2007 the Council committed to erecting a statue to Peterloo, and soon after we met with Virginia Tandy, Director of Manchester City Galleries.
They have brought in some specialist consultants to start the ball rolling. We hope to be involved in the decision making. Our bottom line is that the statue follows our set of minimum criteria.
In his blog Council Leader Richard Lees said:
"...And this isn't the end of the matter. The young people from Salford and the Peterloo Memorial Campaign have rightly pointed out that such a significant event in British history ought to have a significant monument to commemorate it. That's something I hope we can do by this time next year."
A NEW PLAQUE
The Leader of the Council, Lord Mayor, schoolchildren from Salford, assorted media and about a dozen of us from the Campaign group were in attandance as the new plaque was unveiled.
Pictured with the Lord Mayor is Sheila, one of the Group and a direct descendant of one of the Peterloo protestors.
OUR FIRST PROTEST
On 16th August 2007 we braved the Manchester rain and with the press and tv crews in attendance taped our proposed new red plaque over the existing one (see both plaques here) and laid flowers beneath.
At the end of the protest we nailed a large waterproof version of the new plaque onto the pavement in St Peter's Square and left flowers next to it.
We only expected this plaque to be temporary - but others added flowers to it (including a beautiful white wreath from the Central Manchester Labour Party) and it lasted until the bank holiday weekend.
While removing the old dry flowers and cleaning it up the other day, we noticed an amazing number of people stopping to read it! We think this is because of the 'someone-died-here flower effect..

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


New Style Crowns Work Magic!
As a young girl, Lauren was born with lateral "side teeth" that were the undesirable shape of shortened pegs. Her dentist at the time place what are now old-style "porcelain-over-metal" crowns. Over time, black lines appear along the gum line over these types of crowns. In a short period of time, misshapen and uneven teeth were transformed into a delightful and more pleasing smile. All-porcelain veneers and all-porcelain crowns were placed over her front teeth. Voila! And a more symmetrical smile emerged. There is no metal under layer with our modern completely all-porcelain restorations. So, with these crowns and veneers, there is no possibility of a dark line to ever appear along the gumline. A beautiful smile is hers to enjoy.
Zoom! Teeth Whitening Washington, D.C.


text:
Joe Biden Wins! With Pennsylvania Vote Called, America Fires President Trump
The Democratic nominee and former vice president secured enough electoral votes to become the 46th president of the United States, according to the Associated Press
J. Clara Chan and Lindsey Ellefson | November 7, 2020 @ 8:32 AM
Joe Biden will be the next president of the United States after the Associated Press declared the Democrat the winner of the 2020 presidential election on Saturday morning. The AP projected Biden would win Pennsylvania and its 20 electoral college votes, giving Biden a total of 284, which is 14 more than the 270 needed to secure the presidency.
Biden also won Nevada a short time later and maintains a slim lead over President Donald Trump in Georgia and Arizona and Nevada. Vote counting continues in those states, as well as in North Carolina, where Trump holds a small advantage. The incumbent also leads in the Republican-leaning Alaska.
The Trump campaign has promised legal challenges in multiple battleground states as well as calls for recounts in states like Wisconsin where Biden's vote tally fell within the legal margin to verify the results.
After the news broke, Biden tweeted a short statement, saying, "America, I'm honored that you have chosen me to lead our great country. The work ahead of us will be hard, but I promise you this: I will be a President for all Americans — whether you voted for me or not. I will keep the faith that you have placed in me."
Donald Trump, through his campaign's account, tweeted a much longer statement, saying the election was "far from over" and reiterating his false accusations of fraud and threatening legal action.
Also Read: Networks Cut Away, CNN Calls Trump 'Pathetic' After Speech Falsely Claiming He's Been Cheated
In a speech on Friday night, Biden pledged that he would be a president for all Americans, including those who voted for Trump's re-election. "The purpose of our politics, the work of the nation, isn't to fan the flames of conflict — but to solve problems," he said. "We may be opponents — but we are not enemies. We are Americans."
Biden expressed his confidence in an eventual victory but urged his supporters to "stay calm" as all the remaining ballots were counted. "In America, the vote is sacred. It's how people of this nation express their will, and it is the will of the voters. No one, not anyone else, that chooses the president of the United States of America," Joe Biden said alongside running-mate Kamala Harris. "So each ballot must be counted, and that's what we're going through now."
The win caps off a lengthy election cycle that saw the former vice president defeat 27 other Democratic candidates in the primary, campaign in the midst of a global pandemic, and take on a combative Donald Trump who falsely and prematurely declared a victory early on Wednesday while casting aspersions on the election process and saying he would take legal action if need be to secure a victory.
Also Read: Big Tech Stocks Soar as Biden Gains Ground in Battleground States
Describing the presidential race as a fight for the "soul of America," Biden sought to portray himself as a steady and experienced leader who would guide America out of a tumultuous and polarizing Trump presidency.
With Joe Biden's victory, Kamala Harris will make history as the first female, first Black and first Asian American to hold the title of vice president in the United States.


On a recent Uniworld cruise from Passau to Budapest on the Danube River, I was impressed by the idyllic and ever-changing landscape and quiet strength of the Danube River. Having just receded from a recent flood, the Danube was still flowing high making passage under some bridges exciting and a little challenging. It ran brown, muddy and swift from having flooded many of its banks along its journey to the Black Sea. Although not blue, the Danube was indeed beautiful as it cut through the rich landscape it has nourished for centuries.
The captain and crew expertly navigated the elegant and new River Beatrice from port to port, traversing through numerous locks. As Gateway Destinations is always striving to expand our knowledge base and keep abreast of vacation venues and supplier products, I was excited to join this 8-day cruise through four countries – Germany, Austria, Slovenia and Hungary – including the beautiful wine-producing Wachau Valley. The ship was comfortable and beautiful, with excellent service and great food. Our cruise manager and concierge were particularly knowledgeable and helpful. I would highly recommend Uniworld Cruises and this itinerary to travelers seeking an intimate and relaxing journey through this area of Europe.
Comments Comments Off on Is the Danube blue?


A digital magazine for #crazysexycool people.
illustration is by Sally Nixon – I choose this one because the ultimaee crazysexycool gal for me is Melina Matsoukas. I LOVE HER.
This playlist is dedicated to the lovers of life and music.
CrazySexyCool is the ultimate way to live your life – for me it means being open minded, joyful and grateful, being confident and also resilient during situations where life through some experiences at your face so you "mature".
If you are feeling like forgetting about everything, living in the present and getting your sh*t together at some point, press on the Spotify embedded playlist and ENJOY.


Lady Janet features a full-beam master stateroom, five guest staterooms, several dining and entertaining areas, and a vast flybridge with all four decks serviced by elevator. The cherry wood interior with marble floors and granite counters is the outstanding work of Carol Williamson, an award-winning interior designer. Lady Janet accommodates 12 or more guests (when using her Pullman berths).
Among other notable features, Lady Janet has a bulbous bow that improves pitch and efficiency and was designed and tank tested at the Webb Institute of Naval Architecture. She also can be adapted to carry a helicopter if necessary as the deck structure in Christensen's 157' series anticipates this as an option.
In the summer of 2013 Lady Janet performed flawlessly on an 8,000 nautical mile trip to the Great Lakes via the East Coast and onto the Saint Lawrence Seaway and Welland Canal.
Lady Janet was listed at an asking price of $23,900,000 and was sold in conjunction with Rupert Connor of Luxury Yacht Group.


Classy House Plans Designs 1000 Sq Ft Youtube Indian Bungalow Designs 1000 Sq Ft Picture - The image above with the title Classy House Plans Designs 1000 Sq Ft Youtube Indian Bungalow Designs 1000 Sq Ft Picture, is part of Indian Bungalow Designs 1000 Sq Ft picture gallery. Size for this image is 728 × 410, a part of House Designs category and tagged with indian bungalow designs 1000 sq ft, bungalow designs 1000 sq ft india, published August 26th, 2018 03:57:12 AM by Tyree Upton. Find or search for images related to "Classy House Plans Designs 1000 Sq Ft Youtube Indian Bungalow Designs 1000 Sq Ft Picture" in another posts. Back to: Indian Bungalow Designs 1000 Sq Ft.


text:
Compiling and retrieving up-to-date information on patients' illnesses, injuries, and medical history is more important than ever for effective medical care. This video focuses on opportunities in the field of healthcare information management and technology. Examples of HIM-related positions a...
Films for the Humanities & Sciences (Firm)
Films Media Group.
Meridian Education Corporation.
Movie Electronic
Published (Most Recently):
New York, N.Y. : Films Media Group, [2006], c2002.
Working in health care.
Information technology > Vocational guidance.
Medical informatics.
Medical science.
http://library.icc.edu/login?url=http://digital.films.com/PortalPlaylists.aspx?aid=4652&xtid=29321 Available for ICC via Films on Demand. Click here to access.
Compiling and retrieving up-to-date information on patients' illnesses, injuries, and medical history is more important than ever for effective medical care. This video focuses on opportunities in the field of healthcare information management and technology. Examples of HIM-related positions are covered-including medical billing specialist, diagnostic and procedural coder, and privacy officer-along with the two main types of schooling that precede a HIM career: an associate degree leading to work as a Registered Health Information Technician, and a baccalaureate degree required for employment as a Registered Record Administrator. Patient confidentiality is an important subject in the video.
Language Notes:
General Notes:
Encoded with permission for digital streaming by Films Media Group on Jan. 11, 2006.
Films on Demand is distributed by Films Media Group for Films for the Humanities & Sciences, Cambridge Educational, Meridian Education, and Shopware.
1 streaming video file (15 min.) : sd., col., digital file + instructional materials (online)
Mode of access: Internet.
System requirements: FOD playback platform.
Access requires authentication through Films on Demand.


text:
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">

<title>DefaultJasperReportsContext (JasperReports 5.6.0 API)</title>
<meta name="date" content="2014-05-27">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../../../stylesheet.css" title="Style">

JavaScript is disabled on your browser.

Overview

Package

Class

Use

Tree

Deprecated

Index

Help

Prev Class

Next Class

Frames

No Frames

All Classes

Summary:

Nested |

Field |

Constr |

Method

Detail:

Field |

Constr |

Method

net.sf.jasperreports.engine

Class DefaultJasperReportsContext

java.lang.Object

net.sf.jasperreports.engine.DefaultJasperReportsContext

All Implemented Interfaces:

JasperReportsContext

public class DefaultJasperReportsContext
extends java.lang.Object
implements JasperReportsContext

Version:

$Id: DefaultJasperReportsContext.java 5878 2013-01-07 20:23:13Z teodord $

Author:

Teodor Danciu (teodord@users.sourceforge.net)

Field Summary

Fields

Modifier and Type
Field and Description

static java.lang.String
DEFAULT_PROPERTIES_FILE

The default properties file.

protected java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap<java.lang.String,java.lang.String>
properties

static java.lang.String
PROPERTIES_FILE

The name of the system property that specifies the properties file name.

Method Summary

Methods

Modifier and Type
Method and Description

protected static java.util.Properties
getDefaultProperties()

Sets the default properties.

<T> java.util.List<T>
getExtensions(java.lang.Class<T> extensionType)

Returns a list of extension objects for a specific extension type.

static DefaultJasperReportsContext
getInstance()

java.util.Map<java.lang.String,java.lang.String>
getProperties()

java.lang.String
getProperty(java.lang.String key)

Returns the value of the property.

protected static java.lang.String
getSystemProperty(java.lang.String propertyName)

java.lang.Object
getValue(java.lang.String key)

protected void
initProperties()

Loads the properties.

protected void
loadSystemProperties()

protected void
loadSystemProperty(java.lang.String sysKey,
                  java.lang.String propKey)

void
removeProperty(java.lang.String key)

void
setProperty(java.lang.String key,
           java.lang.String value)

void
setValue(java.lang.String key,
        java.lang.Object value)

Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object

clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, toString, wait, wait, wait

Field Detail

DEFAULT_PROPERTIES_FILE

public static final java.lang.String DEFAULT_PROPERTIES_FILE

The default properties file.

See Also:

Constant Field Values

PROPERTIES_FILE

public static final java.lang.String PROPERTIES_FILE

The name of the system property that specifies the properties file name.

See Also:

Constant Field Values

properties

protected volatile java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap<java.lang.String,java.lang.String> properties

Method Detail

getInstance

public static DefaultJasperReportsContext getInstance()

initProperties

protected void initProperties()

Loads the properties.

loadSystemProperties

protected void loadSystemProperties()

getDefaultProperties

protected static java.util.Properties getDefaultProperties()
                                                    throws JRException

Sets the default properties.

Returns:

the default properties

Throws:

JRException

getSystemProperty

protected static java.lang.String getSystemProperty(java.lang.String propertyName)

loadSystemProperty

protected void loadSystemProperty(java.lang.String sysKey,
                      java.lang.String propKey)

getValue

public java.lang.Object getValue(java.lang.String key)

Specified by:

getValue in interface JasperReportsContext

setValue

public void setValue(java.lang.String key,
            java.lang.Object value)

Specified by:

setValue in interface JasperReportsContext

getExtensions

public <T> java.util.List<T> getExtensions(java.lang.Class<T> extensionType)

Returns a list of extension objects for a specific extension type.

Specified by:

getExtensions in interface JasperReportsContext

Type Parameters:

T - generic extension type

Parameters:

extensionType - the extension type

Returns:

a list of extension objects

getProperty

public java.lang.String getProperty(java.lang.String key)

Returns the value of the property.

Specified by:

getProperty in interface JasperReportsContext

Parameters:

key - the key

Returns:

the property value

setProperty

public void setProperty(java.lang.String key,
               java.lang.String value)

Specified by:

setProperty in interface JasperReportsContext

removeProperty

public void removeProperty(java.lang.String key)

Specified by:

removeProperty in interface JasperReportsContext

getProperties

public java.util.Map<java.lang.String,java.lang.String> getProperties()

Specified by:

getProperties in interface JasperReportsContext

Overview

Package

Class

Use

Tree

Deprecated

Index

Help

Prev Class

Next Class

Frames

No Frames

All Classes

Summary:

Nested |

Field |

Constr |

Method

Detail:

Field |

Constr |

Method

© 2001-2010 Jaspersoft Corporation www.jaspersoft.com


The Garfield Green Project will soon be housing 20 families.
Black Hills FOX Reporter Katrina Lim show us what this new development has to offer Rapid City.
Habitat for Humanity teamed up with GBA Construction and Pure Property Management for the Garfield Green Project.
This includes converting the 3-story Garfield school building into a 12-unit apartment complex and constructing eight new homes on the parking lot.
Habitat's Executive Director says the project's vision is to have a mixed income, mixed housing type of development.
Habitat for Humanity Executive Director Scott Engmann says, "There's all kinds of great positive modeling that happens when you get a diverse group of people living together, not to mention the fact that's who we are as a community, right? We're not all rich and we're not all struggling. We're a blend of people, blend of races and we really wanted this development to reflect that and be a comfortable place for anybody to live."
Although the apartments have been outfitted with new appliances and wiring, some of the elements of the school can still be seen, including the old gym floor as part of the walls and the stage in a loft apartment.
Pure Property Management Owner Collin Goodwin says, "This is definitely a pivotal project, especially for this neighborhood. It takes a pioneer like Bill and Kristi to really get into a neighborhood and better a community that's already awesome so the hope is that putting the money into this community will make a good neighborhood great."
Habitat says they've been successful with the Garfield project through private funding, but they also hope to see a line item in the city's budget for affordable housing in the future.
Scott Engmann says, "For any of us, having a place to call home is foundational. It's the place from which you embark upon life and so for the families that we serve, being able to have a place that they can depend on, that the cost won't increase in the future, that will become an asset that they can pass onto the next generation, actually can change the course of one's life."
The next apartment open house is on October 20th at 6.
And seven out of the eight homes are filled with families.


Nougats on 7% of phones, marshmallow on a little more, the rest on lollipop and back,why O already?
Google has barely got nougat out the door, mm is still being rolled out to many phones (and it's still not on that many), the majority of phones are running lollipop or older, and they're bringing out O already?
Maybe they should show some support for an existing os before pushing out new ones hand over fist. MM never got completed, nougats far from ready to go (especially 7.0), and they're already focusing on yet ANOTHER new os?!?!?
Google why don't you try making an os that works WELL before you charge off on a new one.
They're so busy rushing out new Android versions as quick as they can they seem to have decided support, or any polishing/bug fixing of the last os they just rushed out is a waste of time..... even though the last 2 Android versions are on increasingly less and less phones.
This whole system is broken to the point it's hurting us, the end users the most.
We have to deal with unfinished, buggy os' , no fixes coming, and sketchy at best security updates.
muckle_dabuckle, Mr Mendelli and Inders99 like this.
Google has Nougat out for all the device Google will directly support and control updates for. The rest of the ecosystem not being updated is a result of the various OEMs dragging their feet on the update or just choosing not to deploy it. This has NOTHING to do with Google and EVERYTHING to do with the likes of Samsung, HTC, LG, etc. Shoot, many of them can't even do the monthly security updates monthly.
Billy Bob Jimmy Joe and smvim like this.
Google has been leading the OEM horse to water for several versions now... They've been tweaking how Android is designed to better enable OEMs to get their own versions updated on a regular basis, but they are not going to start holding a gun to their heads to get them to drink.
Google isn't rushing anything out the door. They've been updating Android on a metronome like basis for several years, going back to before the Ice Cream Sandwich days. Major release every fall, point releases and sec updates in the period between. Nexus and Pixel devices, devices that Google controls, get updated quickly.
OEMs have made a few improvements, but overall, they are still failing... and the reason why there is a slow adoption rate is because people have been steadily holding their phones longer and OEMs are still not bothering to keep older devices up to date.
Billy Bob Jimmy Joe and DMP89145 like this.
Maybe they should show some support for an existing os before pushing out new ones hand over fist.
Google makes updates and fixes to some old android versions and tries to do better (in their standards) with every new android version. But the system with OEM drivers and OEM changes and optimizations and OEM UIs makes updating effort too big for old (dozens of) devices. Maybe OEMs could use crowdfunding to offer updates to older devices and let users decide if they will be updated to next android version.
If android had been designed with easy updates in mind (separating UI and cellular stack from "general" OS), small (security and other) updates could be pulled from Google to OEMs and built, tested and deployed automatically to devices by OEMs. Because cellular stack would not change, ATT, Verizon etc would have nothing to say with such updates. OEM developers would just check changes and test results.
Or maybe Play Services should contain more of the generic OS or be able to override system modules and services to deliver even better security.
My son has Alcatel 3, which has had MM update in some parts of the world. Not here though, but it works anyway (Youtube, Pokemon Go, browser, majority of games).
My Honor 5C just had final N update. I was part of beta test, but based on performance, I rolled back to MM. I'm hesitant to try N again soon.
I was part of beta test, but based on performance, I rolled back to MM. I'm hesitant to try N again soon.
Always be wary of beta releases. One of the last things that developers focus on is stability and power optimization. Features and enhancements are implemented first, then they go back in and clean things up before final release. So things like kernel governor adjustments are left until the end, things that can have a drastic effect on battery usage.
Those who like latest OS and quick updates should stick with Pixel/Nexus while people who don't care about updates buy Galaxy, LG, Motorola, Sony, HTC, etc.
I mean you do not get the right to complain about not having the latest OS when you buy a phone being fully aware that any phone not Google branded wil never get timely updates.
And for those unaware, they don't care anyway.
So Nougat is on 7% of phones, I wonder what % have the latest version of Nougat 7.1.2? I'd bet half of that.
My brand new S8+ is stuck on 7.0 and no signs of that changing.
It's not Google's responsibility to bring the latest update to every phone. It's up to the OEMs/carrier. Google won't stop advancing their OS because Sprint or Samsung stop updating the S4. That's why I always buy a Google phone.
Not Google's responsibility but imo it is their problem.
On most non-google devices you only enjoy the latest (or close to) OS for a very short period.
Oh, it is definitely their problem... and one they've been trying to address for the last several releases of Android. The way Android is designed now, there is zero excuse for an OEM to not be able to release timely security updates.. for major functional updates, that's a messier situation since OEMs are allowed a lot of customization in the source.. and the more things are customized, the longer it takes OEMs to R&D the changes.
LineKill, J Dubbs and DMP89145 like this.
Agreed. I do not see it changing in the short-term though. I fully expect my S8+ to still be on Nougat at Christmas whereas pixels and almost every iPhone will be on the latest OS version available.
Kit Kat is the sweet spot for my use, I had an xperia z3 tablet that had marshmallow; other than the visual differences and some minor software adjustments I saw not much gain on MM than Kit Kat.
Google and oem say they can't provide long term update like Apple because SoC makers like Qualcomm drop support for the chipset soon.
But if tomorrow Qualcomm started supporting every chipset for 5 years do you really think oem and Google will provide 5 years of updates?
No they won't. They will find something else to blame.
They will find any and every reason to not update their phone even if those reasons make no sense.
muckle_dabuckle and J Dubbs like this.
Even LG who were the 1st to bring a Nougat phone out-the-box (LG V20) are still rolling with 7.0 on the V20 and the latest G6.
Is it just me or has the Updates situation worsened in the last 12months amongst OEMS!?
There was a period where it seemed as though it was being improved, between KitKat and Marshmallow, but here we are again, it feels like we are back in the early days of Android again.
OK but hat's more opinion than factual. Google doesn't charge a fee to use Android, so essentially it has no direct responsibility to correct how badly the OEMs and carriers push out updates and upgrades to their respective customers. There's clearly a major problem with the whole mess, but the manufacturers and the carriers are the ones how did take on the responsibility of update/upgrades, and they're also the ones we as consumers pay money to for their products and services.
Android O is an incremental upgrade. So all devices that are capable of running nougat should also receive O but we know that won't happen because they need to sell new devices with latest OS.
That's not Googles faults its good that they are providing such faster updates with its manufacturer fault that they are not providing updates they want customers to drop their old phones and chose new thats why old phones are getting discard by users and manifactures does't wasing their money for developing firmware for old phones.
How do you disable the WiFi Networks Available notification?
How can I change the keyboard settings ?


text:
Home / Uncategorised / Malcolm McLaren's son burns �5m worth of memorabilia in punk …
Malcolm McLaren's son burns �5m worth of memorabilia in punk …
26th November 2016	Uncategorised Leave a comment 210 Views
Rebel without a cause or twisted fire starter?
Maybe a bit of both? Joe Corré, the son of Malcolm McLaren and Vivienne Westwood, is burning his £5m collection of punk memorabilia. Mr Corré, whose late father was the manager of the Sex Pistols, has already begun incinerating his extensive collection and will make sure the rest of it goes up in flames on Saturday, the 40th anniversary of the band's single "Anarchy in the UK".
Is he more of a smooth jazz kind of guy?
Mr Corré, who founded the luxury lingerie brand Agent Provocateur, said he was staging the ceremonial burning to protest how punk has become mainstream. He kicked off proceedings by destroying an original acetate copy of "Anarchy in the UK" and plans to continue until the entire collection has gone up in smoke.
The blaze is taking place in Camden, north London. The area has long been a hub of alternative culture but in recent years coffee giants such as Starbucks and retailers including H&M and American Apparel have descended.
The straw that broke the camel's back?
That would be the Queen's reported endorsement of Punk London, a year-long series of events in the capital intended to celebrate 40 years of "subversive culture". In a statement Mr Corré said: "The Queen giving 2016, the year of punk, her official blessing is the most frightening thing I've ever heard."
How royally insulting!
He continued: "Talk about alternative and punk culture being appropriated by the mainstream. Rather than a movement for change, punk has become like a f****** museum piece or a tribute act." Mr Corré added: "People don't feel they have a voice anymore…They have stopped fighting for what they believe in…We need to explode all the s*** once more."
@kt_grant
Previous Malcolm McLaren's son burns �5m worth of memorabilia in punk …
Next Malcolm McLaren's son burns �5m worth of memorabilia in punk …
Youth Congress activists stage protest over death of children due to AES in Bihar, detained
Pittsburgh Police Charge 11, Release Details In Jail Protest
Teacher was removed from class for kneeling during national …
Ani DiFranco Cancels North Carolina Show in Protest of Anti-LGBT …
Taiwan to protest against Lancet for labeling Taiwan part of China | Politics | FOCUS TAIWAN


"I'm really out of breath," Swift said after taking the stage in a sequined mini-dress. "I was really going hard with the `Wrecking Ball' thing."
"Just about 20 years ago is when I really started making your life a living hell with my annoying little husky man voice, you would call it," Rihanna said. "And I mean just disrupting the entire neighborhood. Westbury Road, Barbados, they could tell you that's the truth. I annoyed every one of my neighbors."
"Due to the fact that we are in Florida tonight accepting this award I want to acknowledge Trayvon Martin and the hundreds and hundreds of kids each year that are dying due to racial profiling and the violence that follows it," he said. "This is really happening. These are our friends, our neighbors, our peers and our fans, and it's time that we look out for the youth and fight against racism and the laws that protect it."
Timberlake strapped on an acoustic guitar and played a soulfully raucous version of "Drink You Away." Macklemore crowd surfed on "Can't Hold Us." Jennifer Lopez absolutely nailed the elaborate dance numbers during her tribute to Salsa queen Celia Cruz, taking two dozen dancers through their paces while wearing a shimmering silver dress.
And Cyrus shut things down with a performance that wasn't quite as over the top as her previous appearances this year but is likely to be talked about just as much. The camera stayed on Cyrus and the lip-syncing tabby throughout, and the cat ended the song by winking and sticking out its tongue -- Cyrus' signature move.


NTFS partition recovery freeware utility restores emptied recycle bin data or information formatted through shift + Del key.
Pen drive data recovery software recovers all type of files and folders including pictures, audio, video songs, digital image and pictures.
Assign group permissions to folders and files, Send email notifications, Upload files in batches , Comment and build consensus on any document,Version control, Review and Approval, Requires no download, Works with Windows, Linux and Apple computers, Unlimited number of users.


text:
package aQute.bnd.deployer.obr;

import java.util.Map;

import aQute.bnd.deployer.repository.FixedIndexedRepo;

/**
 * A simple read-only OBR-based repository that uses a list of index locations
 * and a basic local cache.
 *

 *
Properties

 *

 *
locations: comma-separated list of index URLs. NB: surround
 * with single quotes!

 *
name: repository name; defaults to the index URLs.
 *
cache: local cache directory. May be omitted, in which case the
 * repository will only be able to serve resources with {@code file:} URLs.

 *
location: (deprecated) alias for "locations".
 *

 *

 *
Example

 *
 *

 *  -plugin:
 * aQute.lib.deployer.obr.OBR;locations='http://www.example.com/repository.xml';
 * cache=${workspace}/.cache
 *

 *
 * @author Neil Bartlett
 */
public class OBR extends FixedIndexedRepo {

	@Override
	public synchronized void setProperties(Map<String,String> map) {
		super.setProperties(Conversions.convertConfig(map));
	}

}


text:
Home Crafter's Companion Announce New Gemini Junior – Small Die Cutting Machine
Crafter's Companion have announced the launch of a new die-cutting machine – the Gemini Junior. This new machine is very similar to their existing standard A4 machine, the Gemini, but (as the name suggests) the Junior is a smaller version. Designed with portability and space saving in mind, the Gemini Junior can cut the same range of materials as its bigger brother – Crafter's Companion state that the Gemini machines exert more pressure than other die-cutters.
The Junior is available in regular white, and, for a limited time, in a snazzy purple. The Junior has a plate size of 6″ x 9″ and can use most thin dies and embossing folders.
The retail price is £139.99.
Here is the Crafter's Companion website page with details of the new Gemini Junior die-cutting machine.
Tim Holtz Announces New Colors of Distress Oxide Ink
AlphaLlama, 7 February, 2018 7 February, 2018 , News, 0
Fans of the new Distress Oxide inks will be thrilled to see that Tim Holtz and Ranger are bringing...
Has Pinterest banned Affiliate links?
Etsy have announced that "Affiliate links are prohibited on some social sharing sites, such as Facebook, Pinterest, and Tumblr."...


text:
Connecticut-Sized Dead Zone Found in Gulf of Mexico
Laura Beans
Aug. 01, 2013 08:53AM EST
By Alexis Baldera
Imagine if all of the animals throughout the entire state of Connecticut left or died. This is what happens every year in the Gulf of Mexico. The size of the dead zone varies—sometimes it's as big as New Jersey or only the size of Rhode Island, but the problem always persists.
Researchers from the Louisiana Universities Marine Consortium just spent a week measuring dissolved oxygen concentrations off the coasts of Louisiana and Texas to determine how big the dead zone is this year. And they found that it is about 5,800 square miles, or roughly, the size of the state of Connecticut.
This area is called "the dead zone" because dissolved oxygen levels are too low to support life. Animals that can move out of the area, like fish and shrimp, will leave, and animals that can't, like brittle stars and mussels, will become stressed and eventually die.
The dead zone forms every summer because nutrient-rich water from the Mississippi River basin flows into the Gulf and causes algal blooms. Nutrients, like nitrogen and phosphorus, are helpful when used to fertilize gardens and crops, but like most other things, the best rule for nutrients is moderation. While these nutrients are naturally occurring in the Gulf and all ecosystems, levels that are too high can cause problems.
In the Gulf of Mexico, the nutrient-rich waters, fueled by agricultural runoff fed down the Mississippi River, create explosive algae blooms. Photo credit: eutrophication'hypoxia/Flickr
The Mississippi River basin drains 41 percent of the contiguous U.S. and as water runs off fields, yards and pavement, it collects nutrients. These nutrients are carried to the Gulf where they "fertilize" coastal waters and cause algal blooms. As algae die, they sink to the seafloor where they are decomposed by bacteria, a process that uses oxygen.
During most times of the year, bottom waters and surface waters mix frequently, so oxygen levels are replenished regularly. However, during the summer there is an abundance of warm fresh water in the Gulf due to seasonal warming and freshwater river outflows. This water is less dense than the cold salty water near the bottom of the seafloor.
The densities are different enough that the two layers of water will become separated (think oil and water) and prevent mixing of the oxygen-poor bottom waters with the oxygen-rich surface waters. This is called stratification. When stratification occurs, low-oxygen waters are trapped at the bottom, and as more algae are decomposed, the oxygen levels continue to drop until they get low enough to cause a dead zone.
While the dead zone off the coast of Louisiana is the largest and most recognized example of coastal hypoxia in the Gulf, this problem is a Gulf-wide issue. The Ocean Conservancy has mapped the documented cases of low-oxygen areas in the extensive report, Gulf of Mexico: A Marine and Coastal Atlas.
What is the best way to reduce the size of the dead zone? Reduce the amount of nutrients that reach the Gulf.
The two best ways to do this are:
Reduce nutrient inputs into coastal and upriver water bodies
Increase the watershed's capacity to retain excess nutrients
As consumers of agricultural goods, we can contribute to reducing nutrients by supporting farming practices that promote sustainable, responsible agriculture. For example, one practice called crop rotation can reduce fertilizer application by rotating plants like legumes that add nitrogen to the soil with plants like corn that take it up. And the practice of adding stream buffers to drainage ditches can capture nutrients before they enter waterways.
In our own yards, the best way to reduce excess nutrients is to use fertilizers carefully and slow storm water runoff by using techniques such as rain gardens.
Visit EcoWatch's WATER page for more related news on this topic.
water pesticides biodiversity


In the grand scheme of estate planning documents, a Living Will, or Advanced Healthcare Directive, is a fairly simple document that's importance cannot be understated. A Living Will, while not technically a will, is a legal binding document stating one's medical care and end-of-life preferences should they enter an irreversible, unconscious state or otherwise be unable to articulate their wishes or consent. There are multiple conditions that are laid out in a Living Will, all pertaining to having an irreversible, terminal condition where you will not be conscious at that time. For each stated scenario, you may choose whether you wish to be kept alive by artificial means, such as a feeding tube, or whether you want nature to take its natural course.
Under Oklahoma's Rights of the Terminally Ill or Persistently Unconscious Act, any person may authorize the withdrawal of artificial life support. However, withdrawal of life support does not include pain relief or normal consumption of food and water. Thus, a Living Will is necessary to ensure that wishes are carried out.
(3) the Living Will must be in substantially the same form as Sec. 3103.4(B.
A Living Will can be revoked in whole at any time, in any manner and is effective upon communication to the physician. Further, a Living Will is valid in other states so long as it complies with Oklahoma law or is in compliance with the law of that state, so long as it doesn't exceed the authorizations allowed under Oklahoma law.
A Living Will functions as the Declarant's voice in the worst-case situations where the Declarant cannot speak for themselves. It also spares the Declarant's family from having to make life ending decisions and gives the Declarant the final say. In such a way, a Living Will can provide both you and your family peace of mind that, if that worst case scenario does ever become a reality, a plan is in place where your family can respect your wishes and you can spare them from having to make any decisions they may regret later. If a Living Will sounds like something you may want to pursue, give our team at South County Law Firm a call for a consultation today!