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Ed Houben: The Sperm Donor Who Has Helped Dozens Of Women Conceive 'Naturally'
By Samuel Warde
As a sperm donor, Ed Houben has helped conceive 106 children on his way to earning the title of "Europe's most virile man."
Ed Houben/FacebookEd Houben, Maastricht, Netherlands, December 2015
There's a "much better chance of conception" donating sperm in the "traditional way," Houben told BBC News in an interview. And he might be right as — by his estimate — the women he helps conceive 80 percent of the time. "That's my success rate," he stated.
It doesn't hurt that Houben has a sperm count of 100 million per milliliter of ejaculate, "or 110 million," he boasted to Spiegel Online with a smile. Not bad, considering that a potential donor is seen as a "good prospect" if he has a sperm count ranging between 80 to 100 million.
Asked what motivates him, Houben proudly stated, "the beautiful hope of creating a new life that will be loved and looked after."
What Inspired Ed Houben To Get Involved With Donating Sperm?
Ed HoubenEd Houben childhood photos
Houben discussed the decade-long process of considering how to help women conceive during an interview with Newsweek. "Basically, when I was around 18 years old, I knew a heterosexual couple that had trouble getting pregnant."
It "amazed me" that people who would "obviously be good parents were not given the gift of children," he continued adding that this "started a thought process of about ten years.
Houben completed that thought process in 1999 at the age of 29 and began donating sperm at a sperm bank, convinced that he might not be blessed with the opportunity to have children of his own.
Ed Houben/FacebookEd Houben, Maastricht, Netherlands, April 19, 2014
He spoke about those early years during an interview with GQ. According to Houben, he would go to the clinic twice a month and go to the "production room" to fill up a cup. Continuing, he related that the first time he went to the clinic, things couldn't have been more impersonal and cold.
"I was sort of expecting this gift of life to be received with sirens and fanfare," Houben stated, adding that "I remember saying 'hello?' and somebody from another room answered 'yes?'". According to him, he replied, "I have a cup here," and the faceless voice responded, "oh yes, leave it on the table."
Ed Houben Makes The Switch To Helping Women Conceive Naturally
Houben began to feel frustration at the lack of intimacy involved in the process of donating through a sperm bank. So eventually, he began advertising his willingness to make housecalls using various websites.
According to Houben, he would produce a sperm sample in the bathroom and then deliver it to the hopeful woman. He would then depart, leaving his clients to take over from there.
However, all that changed in Amerstdam when he slept with another man's wife for the first time in 2012. According to Houben, the woman met him at the train station, and they walked together to her home, where they met her husband and had dinner.
Ed HoudenEd Houben, Maastricht, Netherlands, August 11, 2014
Then, at about 11:00 p.m., the woman smoked a marijuana cigarette and went upstairs, leaving Houben alone with her husband. Concerned, Houben asked the man about his wife, stating, "maybe you notice she's nervous…"
"Yes, I've noticed," her husband responded, adding that: "She's an artist and she feels very connected to nature. Basically, she can't imagine a happy child will be created from a 12-cent syringe."
Continuing, he added, "she asked me to ask you — because she's too shy — if you would consider creating this child the natural way." After about fifteen minutes, Houben told the husband that he would "go with the flow" if that was what they wanted.
Ed Houben speaking at a TEDx event in Maastricht about his fathering more than 100 children.
The two of them went upstairs together, and when Houben told the husband, "I'll take it from here," he was surprised to discover that the husband intended to stay.
"We were three persons in the bed, and I was so surprised that I didn't know what to say," Houben stated. "I had this combat inside — my head full of non-stimulating thoughts — but he never even accidentally touched me. He wanted to be present when his child was created."
After that, Houben didn't have any trouble making babies the natural way, and he expanded his services to provide services to same-sex couples as well as heterosexual ones.
Houben continued assisting women presumably until sometime around 2015, as that was the last year he posted a copy of his latest STD test results on his website.
Ed Houben's Babymaking By The Numbers
To say that Ed Houben's chosen line of work has been a success rather understates the case, if Houben is to be believed. He says he has helped conceive 106 children by his last known count, two-thirds of which were conceived naturally.
He also believes that he has met dozens of children that he helped father. "My feeling says easily two-thirds" out of more than one hundred children, he told Newsweek.
Among the women who sought out his assistance, six declared that they were in love with him, one in five couples had the husband remain in the room while Houben helped the wife conceive naturally, and the greatest number of clients Houben served in one week was six.
The Extended Legacy Of Ed Houben
TEDx Talks/YouTubeEd Houben speaking at a TEDx event about the experience of fathering more than 100 children.
Ed Houben does maintain an ongoing and friendly relationship with many of the women he helped conceive along with several of the resulting children. To this day, he maintains a website to help people seeking to find him. The website reads, in part:
"From the outset, I had the honor of helping a lot of people to become parents. Because they are always very happy with their children, it sometimes takes a long while before we get back into contact. Maybe a child will start looking for itself. So I wanted a website, so those who look for me after many years (especially children looking for their roots), have a fair chance to do so!"
So far, none of the women Houben assisted have sought any kind of support payments for the children he helped conceive. Houben told Newsweek that he "was not completely aware of all the legal aspects in the beginning." However, he sensed that people wanted a child, not to trick him into having to pay support.
Houben does have a day job, however, and Houben's boss did know about his side work. He told Newsweek that there was no way his boss didn't know what he was doing if she had ever read the news for the last few years. However, he did formally address the matter with his boss.
"It's cool what you do. Only as a director, I cannot have that influence our work," she responded, adding, "So I don't want you to mention our organization, but in your free time you are free to do what you do."
Now that you've read about Ed Houben, "Europe's Most Virile Man," check out this story of the German carpenter who invented an on/off switch for his testicles. Then check out the story of Connie Hamzy, Rock and Roll's most notorious groupie.
Samuel Warde
In addition to being a writer, Samuel is a social activist, photographer and cat lover.
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Caitlyn Jenner's partner 'wants to call I'm A Celeb producers' following reality star's breakdown
Caitlyn Jenner's 'partner' Sophia Hutchins has said it's 'gut-wrenching' to watch the former Olympian in the jungle
Caitlyn Jenner's partner Sophia Hutchins has opened up about how hard it was to see the I'm A Celebrity... Get Me Out of Here! contestant breakdown in tears after just one day in the jungle.
In an interview with Lorraine Kelly on her namesake breakfast show, the 23-year-old explained: "It hasn't been easy to watch at all. When you're watching someone from across the globe you feel helpless to begin with.
Read more: 'I'm A Celebrity' snakes are less scary than my tax bill, declares 'EastEnders' star Cliff Parisi
"Then when you see her crying, it's been gut-wrenching to watch with everyone, and I'm watching with you.
"I want to call the producers and say no more snakes, no more bugs but we knew what she'd signed up for."
Sophia Hutchins (L) and Caitlyn Jenner live together in Malibu, California (Photo by Gabriel Olsen/Getty Images)
"When I saw her crying the first night, I was just in shock," she continued. "Everyone that knows her who I've spoken with was sending me these messages saying, 'Is she okay, this isn't the Caitlyn we know?
"The Caitlyn we know is super excited, super positive, super energetic, rarely sheds a tear. So we were all freaked out by that."
Since the ITV reality show kicked off on Sunday night, Jenner has taken part in two Bushtucker trials and skydived out of a plane.
Former Olympic athlete Caitlyn Jenner has faced two Bushtucker trials since arriving into the 'I'm A Celebrity' camp (ITV)
Hutchins - who lives with the 70-year-old in Malibu - said she's likely to be missing food, the pair's two Labradors and their daily routine of "waking up, working out and going to work" the most.
Read more: Former 'Loose Women' star Jane McDonald sparks first row in 'I'm A Celebrity' camp
During the chat, Hutchins went on to discuss Jenner's motivations for taking part in the gruelling show, suggesting that she can "represent the LGBT community" for a mainstream audience.
"On a show like this she can showcase all of her massive talents and she can have this massive fanbase that she's established over the decades to represent this new voice. I think that's really exciting."
I'm A Celebrity… Get Me Out of Here! continues tonight at 9pm on ITV.
#sophia-hutchins
#i'm-a-celebrity...-get-me-out-of-here!
#caitlyn-jenner
#itv
#i'm-a-celeb
#lorraine

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Theatre-News.com caught up with the lovely Craig Mather during rehearsals for The Wind In The Willows at The London Palladium.
Produced by Jamie Hendry the major new musical THE WIND IN THE WILLOWS will open at the world-famous London Palladium, starring Rufus Hound, Neil McDermott, Denise Welch, Gary Wilmot, Craig Mather and Simon Lipkin.
Previews begin on Friday 16th June, with opening night on Thursday 29th June. Hendry has also unveiled a ticketing initiative where children can see THE WIND IN THE WILLOWS for free at 80 performances over the summer.
Leading actor, comedian and presenter Rufus Hound will reprise his Manchester Theatre Award-winning performance as the amazing Mr Toad. He will be joined by West End stars Simon Lipkin as Rat and Craig Mather as Mole, EastEnders actor Neil McDermott as Chief Weasel, with Coronation Street and Boy Meets Girl star Denise Welch as Mrs Otter and West End legend Gary Wilmot as Badger.
Chris Aukett, Rosanna Bates, Joel Baylis, Jenna Boyd, Abigail Brodie, Jorell Coiffic- Kamall, Nicole Deon, Emilie du Leslay, Joshua Gannon, James Gant, Evan James, Michael Larcombe, Bethany Linsdell, Ryan Pidgen, Adam Vaughan, Georgie Westall and Natalie Woods.
Produced by Jamie Hendry, MJE Productions and Josh Gilinski, in association with Theatre Royal Plymouth, THE WIND IN THE WILLOWS is directed by Rachel Kavanaugh with choreography by Aletta Collins, set and costume design by Peter McKintosh, lighting design by Howard Harrison, sound design by Gareth Owen, wig and makeup design by Linda McKnight, orchestrations by Chris Jahnke and David Shrubsole and musical supervision by Simon Lee.


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Line clearance is maintenance of a power line right of way intended to prevent interruption of service to customers. A line clearance/tree trimmer engages in a variety of tree care operations which include tree pruning, tree removal, and brush clearing. Much of this work is done in the vicinity of energized, high voltage power lines. An individual working in this trade must remain alert, and aware of the extreme hazards associated with such work, always.
Trimmers use both powered and hand tools, some insulated to prevent electric shock. The use of bucket trucks and heavy equipment is common. Ropes and rigging are also tools of the trades. They may work for residential or industrial customers, but most often work on utility properties. Line Clearance / Trimmers work almost exclusively outdoors, and very often in inclement weather. Their work includes cleanup operations during and after storms and other natural disasters. They must be willing to travel between cities.
The work of a tree trimmer includes climbing and heavy lifting. It is quite strenuous and is usually performed at great heights (20' to 100').
Tree trimmers must display physical agility and coordination. They should be stable, dependable, cooperative, physically active, and have a well-controlled temperament. Interests in outdoor activities and a mechanical aptitude are conducive to this occupation.
Applications are accepted year-round and the rank list is updated the first Tuesday of every month. To start your application your will need to create your account under "My Account". Once your account has been confirmed, you will be notified by email. You can then start your online application.
Industry related certifications – i.e. pesticide applicator licenses.
Applicants will be placed in the order of the rank (or point number) on the list of eligible according to their score. The pool of eligible list will be re-ranked once a month, or more frequently if necessary.
Please note: Failure to accept a dispatch in an area selected will result in being removed from all Rank Lists, so choose carefully!
Apprenticeship is an "EARN while you LEARN" program. The 4,000 hour program is broken into 4 steps, based on training, both on the job and classroom, which advance your progression to completion. Upon completion of the hours for each step, your wages are increase as well.
In addition to full medical, dental and vision for the apprentice's immediate family, you will be covered by a defined pension plan as well as an annuity plan – all covered by your employer!
The current average wage for a Journeyman Trimmer in the Northwest is $30.15 per hour.
Question: How do you get started in the apprenticeship for Power Line Clearance & Tree Trimming?
Answer: First step would be to create an account to start your online application. It can take up to 24 hours for your account to be approved. Once your account is approved you will receive an email with a link to start your online application.
Question: Is there an application fee?
Answer: No, there is no application fee.
Question: What are the travel requirements?
Answer: On your application there are five areas to indicate where you would like to work (Northwest Washington, Southwest Washington, Eastern Washington, Northern Oregon and Southern Oregon). You will be added to the rank list for the area(s) that you have indicated you want to work in. You will only work in the area from the rank list you are indentured from. (i.e. you selected Northern and Southern Oregon on your application but are indentured from the Northern Oregon rank list, you will be working just in the Northern Oregon area during your apprenticeship).
Question: Once an application is completed, what is the next step?
Answer: Once you have a completed application, you will be notified by mail of the score you received based on the points submitted. Applications completed the first Monday of the month by 4pm will be added to the rank list for the month, otherwise they will be added the following month. You will be notified by email of your ranking.
Question: When are apprentices selected for the apprenticeship?
Answer: When contractors need an apprentice, they contact the JATC office. If all currently indentured apprentices are working, they will notify the top applicant on the rank list for the area the contractor needs (NW WA, SW WA, E WA, N OR, S OR). The top applicant is given the time, date and location of the work assignment and indentured as a new apprentice.
Question: How often is the rank list updated?
Answer: The first Tuesday of every month.
Question: Can you submit more points after you have been added to the rank list?
Answer: Yes, you can submit more points to move up the rank list. Documents for points must be submitted the Monday prior to the first Tuesday of the month by 4pm to be added to the rank, otherwise they will be added the following month.
Question: How long are you on the rank list for?
Answer: You will remain on the rank list for two years or until your indentured into the program.
Question: When are applications accepted?
Answer: Applications are accepted all year long. The rank list is updated the first Tuesday of every month.
Question: How does my previous experience count towards credit in the apprenticeship?
Answer: Experience for work performed in the trade will be given credit toward your first advancement. Documentation must be submitted prior to being indentured into the program, be on company letterhead, and must be specific in the type of work. The documentation is reviewed and the Assistant Director to the program, agrees on the amount of credit to award that applicant.
Question: How long is the apprenticeship program?
Answer: The program is approximately 2-year program 4,000 hours on the job training. During this time, you'll advance through four (4) steps of the program. After completing each of these steps, your pay rate will increase, coming closer and closer to that of the journeymen linemen you're working and training with.
Question: Are apprentices required to attend school?
Answer: Yes, you will be attending classroom training one Saturday month during your two-year apprenticeship program (24 classroom/climb lab trainings).
Question: Is there fees associated with the apprenticeship?
Answer: Yes, there apprenticeship fees that cover your books and tuition. You will be invoiced once your indentured and can make monthly payments.


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Discovery To Market
Structure-Based Design
Not Exactly Peer Review
High School Level Guides
University Level Guides
Your Body is a Spaceship – Your Genes are the Crew
by Sean · Published May 27, 2017 · Updated July 21, 2020
Imagine that your body is merely a vessel, a temporary host to an immortal 'crew'. This crew is equipped with all the tools for survival, and their sole mission is to ensure that they transfer themselves on to the next host. Ideally, the next 'spaceship' will be stronger, fitter and better able to survive the next journey. If they fail to do that, billions of years of evolution and adaptation will be in vain. Welcome to the world of true time-travelers; the crew is none other than your genes.
What are Genes?
Nucleotide Bases and DNA
From DNA to Proteins to Life
How Genes Influence Their Carriers
The Time-Traveling Gene
Genetic Mutations
Additional Section: Are Genes 'Selfish'?
The Gene-Trait Relationship
Genes Forced to Work Together
Genes govern all life on our planet. They provide instructions for the creation, maintenance and repair of 'spaceships'. The 'spaceship' in this case can mean the human body, but also the body of every animal and organism that ever lived. The genetic information stored in our DNA has traveled over billions of years in evolutionary history to reach us now, changing and adapting along the way, with each version better than the last.
Genetic information is stored in a very simple format. There are 4 basic building blocks that genes use, in the form of 4 nucleotide bases: adenine, thymine, guanine and cytosine. Adenine and guanine belong to a group of molecules known as purine, while cytosine and thymine are pyrimidines. Both purines and pyrimidines are widely found in nature. Caffeine, for example, is a purine, sharing a similar structure to guanine.
Chemical structures of nucleotide base pairs adenine, guanine, cytosine and thymine
The 4 bases are better described as 2 pairs because adenine binds to thymine, and guanine to cytosine. Two strands of nucleotide bases often find themselves bound to each other by a multitude of pairings, becoming what we know as deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). DNA is a large molecule and is most stable in a 'double helix' conformation often portrayed in diagrams and symbols.
The DNA double helix is composed of two strands joined together by base pairs
As mentioned, the base pairs in DNA hold the key to life. But how? It turns out that these base pairs represent a language that our cells can understand. We have machinery that can unzip this DNA, read the instructions inside, then produce the proteins we need to survive.
Every three base pairs from adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G) and cytosine (C) spell out the code or 'codon' for a particular amino acid. For example, the amino acid alanine is coded for by the 3 base pairs GCA, and glutamine is coded by CAA. There are 20 amino acids in total; some of these amino acids are produced by our bodies naturally, while we must obtain others from our diet.
In cells, DNA is transcribed into RNA before the codons are translated into amino acids. RNA is identical to DNA except that the thymine nucleotide is substituted with uracil (Source)
These amino acids chain together to form proteins, each with different functions. Proteins might be cytochrome enzymes that help with metabolism, they might produce pigmentation for the color of our eyes, they can silently work in the background as part of cell signaling mechanisms.
All the processes and functions of our body are overseen by proteins. In this manner, everything that we need to survive is encoded in our genes. Genes that have been passed on from our parents, who received it from their parents, going all the way back to the origin of life.
Genes – these instructions within our body – have therefore been time-traveling from the very first gene through the bodies of our ancestors. Successful versions of course, or they would not have come this far. Gene lineages abruptly end if they cannot be passed onto the offspring of an individual. But not all combinations of genetic information are created equal. Genes would not be effective if they didn't exert an influence on the traits – or the phenotype – of an individual.
That is to say, the instructions must be able to exert their effects on the spaceship in an observable way. A gene (or a group of them) must produce beneficial traits, which as a result is able to increase the chances of survival or reproduction. Beneficial genes in a bird, for example, might include those that code for sharper claws (hunting), or brighter feathers (mating).
My, what sharp claws you have
When the carrier dies, the specific set of instructions is lost forever. That is why reproduction occurs, so that the carrier's genes can remain 'immortal' through a younger host. Therefore genes that provide carrier the best chance to stick around long enough to reproduce are the most successful ones, often passed on to the next generation.
On rare occasions, DNA is not properly replicated and mistakes occur in certain genes. Base pairs can be erroneously added, deleted or substituted. There are mechanisms in place to repair or remove such errors, but they can fail and allow the mutant genes to slip through undetected.
Sometimes, these mutations don't cause any change to the overall phenotype of the organism – these are known as silent mutations. Other times, they alter the function of a key process in the organism. This usually results in an overall detrimental effect, with the embryo terminating development or the individual born with genetic defects. There is great interest in gene therapy these days that look to cure genetic diseases by altering the mutations that are responsible.
On extremely rare occasions, mutations to a gene give rise to changes that bring tangible benefits to an individual. In birds, this might lead to even sharper claws or brighter feathers. Beneficial mutations increase the chances of the individual passing its genetic information on to the next generation.
Of course, this wouldn't be considered evolution unless the specific traits that improve survivability are passed on as well, which requires that the mutations occur in gametes – the cells that are responsible for reproduction, such as sperm and egg cells.
Humans have known for hundreds of years that traits in the parent organism are more likely to be transferred to their offspring. Genetic modification of animals and plants through selective breeding has brought us docile, domesticated wolves (dogs!) and crops with a higher yield.
As mentioned, genes code for proteins, which in turn affect the processes and features of an individual, also known as traits. In birds, genes code for traits like feather color or claw sharpness. In humans, genes would code for hair color or handedness.
We must understand, however, that there is no single gene that precipitates 'sharp claws' or 'bright feathers'. Rather, traits tend to arise from a combination of factors. That is not to say that a single gene – all other things being equal – is not able to drive sharper claws. But multiple genes and environmental factors decide the final outcome, making a 'sharp claw' gene difficult to pinpoint.
The relationships between genes are so complex that trying to understand the big picture through individual genes is an impossible task. Sort of like trying to explain how a spaceship is able to zip through space by analyzing each individual component separately.
So, why, then, do genes work together in the first place? Or do they, for that matter? It turns out that it is not enough to be the 'best' gene and hope to be consistently passed on to the next generation. All genes are inherently 'selfish' in that they care only for their survival, but must work together to produce a viable carrier that functions well as a whole.
We can take apart the DNA of an individual and analyze each gene solely, based on the traits that it confers. We end up with a list of 'good' and 'bad' genes; the good ones improve the organism's chances of survival, whereas bad genes decrease these odds. You might be thinking that if genes were 'selfish', each would simply evolve to become the 'best' version of itself and hope that its carrier survives long enough to reproduce!
The problem lies in the situation that there is only one body carrying an abundance of genes, both 'good' and 'bad'. A 'good' gene in the company of surrounding 'bad' genes that decrease the organism's odds of survival might be thought of as unlucky, but if such a situation arises consistently then it cannot be considered a good gene at all. Even if the good gene conferred the best version of that trait, it wouldn't be passed on to the next generation.
The crew in your body are forced to stick together, no matter the consequences. They either all make it out alive, or none of them do – there is no in-between. They are therefore forced to work together with a goal to sustain their body long enough for sexual reproduction to take place.
If genes could exit individually by, for example, being sneezed out, this would be the preferred mode of genetic information transfer. Like viruses looking for hosts to replicate, the best genes would simply 'infect' other hosts, ensuring its survival.
Alas, genes only work together because they have to. While it is the nature of genes to have a form of 'selfishness' embedded within them, they know that they are stuck. Like crew members on a spaceship, they must learn to survive together, or not at all.
We hope you enjoyed this short interpretation of a key concept in evolutionary biology!
The last section of this post is inspired by author's interpretation of "Survival Machines" in 'The Selfish Gene' by evolutionary biologist Richard Dawkins.
Tags: BiologyDNAEvolutionGenesGeneticsRichard Dawkins
The Cooking Ape Hypothesis: How Humans Became Intelligent
by Contributor · Published July 31, 2020 · Last modified August 18, 2020
How To 'Date' A Dinosaur Fossil
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Is it Possible For Individuals to be Born Criminal?
by Nicole · Published August 19, 2020 · Last modified August 26, 2020
Sean Lim
Sean holds an MSc in computational quantum chemistry from the National University of Singapore and works as a scientific consultant for clients in the pharmaceutical industry. He loves baking, boxing and beagles. He shuns the Oxford comma.
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It's no secret the bottle is a knockout, but it's what's on the inside that really counts. American Barrels Bourbon Whiskey is ultra smooth and rich in flavor with a perfectly balanced caramel-vanilla finish. And at 90 proof, it's been accused of being "too drinkable." American Barrels is a younger bourbon, but don't underestimate it. We drink our bourbon because it tastes good, not because it has been sitting in a barrel for 10 years, and after you take your first sip of American Barrels, you'll be in awe of how good our bourbon tastes. We filter our bourbon through a unique post-barrel ultrasonic refinement process creating a taste profile its shelf mates only wish they could achieve. Not only does this system results in great bourbon to sip, shoot, or mix, but it also alleviates the burden of wait time in production allowing us to meet demand without problem or delay. Another perk is that this system essentially distills any potential hangover right out of the whiskey. Our bourbon is remarkably fine, and undeniably smooth (extremely smooth, dare we say none other smoother) there is no harsh burn, just a soothing warmth coupled with a delicious flavor. American Barrels is a beautiful blend of American Tradition and American Pioneering: Welcome to the new age of Bourbon.


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Kuso (2017)
Not Rated | 1h 34min | Animation, Comedy, Drama | 21 July 2017 (USA)
Events unfold after a devastating earthquake in Los Angeles.
David Firth, Flying Lotus
Hannibal Buress, George Clinton, David Firth | See full cast & crew »
Watch on Prime Video buy from $9.99
Interview: Director Eddie Alcazar on Breathtaking Style and Grotesquely Fascinating Body Horror in Perfect
23 June 2019 | Dread Central
'Perfect' Film Review: Beautiful, Pointless Sci-Fi Saga Remains Aggressively Skin-Deep
17 May 2019 | The Wrap
Flying Lotus Delivers Funked-Out Space Jams 'Spontaneous,' 'Takashi'
23 April 2019 | Rolling Stone
Trending Titles: Who Won Sundance on IMDb?
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Search for "Kuso" on Amazon.com
Title: Kuso (2017)
George Clinton ... Doctor Clinton
David Firth ... Royal
Arden Banks ... Desmond
Byron Bowers ... Roach Man (segment "Sock")
Shane Carpenter ... Charlie
Regan Farquhar ... News Pirate
Pretty Ricki Fontaine ... Jenny
Zack Fox ... Manuel
Tim Heidecker ... Phil
Bob Heslip ... Bob
Anders Holm ... Teacher (segment "Smear")
Sandra R. Kisling ... Michelle
Mali Matsuda ... Angel
Michael Pratt ... Mike
surrealism | animated sequence | part animation | scene after end credits | anthology | See All (17) »
Animation | Comedy | Drama | Fantasy | Horror
This is Zack Fox's first movie role. See more »
References Mortal Kombat (1992) See more »
Displeasing, unwatchable, ugly, basically it's quite fun
19 January 2018 | by TheVictoriousV – See all my reviews
Kuso is one of the most displeasing and unwatchable films of recent times and this was precisely its point. It is directed and scored by rapper Flying Lotus (plus some aptly used Aphex Twin and Akira Yamaoka), features David Firth of 'Salad Fingers' fame as well as some deranged animation of said Flash artist (Firth and FlyLo have worked together in the past and not just when they appeared on the same radio station in GTA V) and also, Hannibal Buress, George Clinton and (unsurprisingly) Tim Heidecker are in it. Already there's a lot to unpack but we're just getting started.
The film is a series of sketches which Simon Abrams of rogerebert.com describes as "a variety show from another planet". Alas, he also calls it "too proudly low-brow to be considered art gallery material" and there may be something to it. I am usually a connoisseur of anti-art and the grotesque, but a very unique talent is required to make something wonderful out of something intentionally revolting and/or bad. Had Kuso been less aggressive towards the audience and more concerned with exploring its own unspeakable universe, I'm convinced I would have liked it even more. Yes, I said "even more".
The segments we see are only connected insofar as they all feature the malformed American humans who have survived an apocalyptic disaster. Even as I knew this detail before seeing it, I still couldn't make much sense of the things I was seeing. They also don't happen one at a time, like in an anthology, but are rather spliced together with the occasional break for in-universe TV clips, surreal cartoons (many of these bits are where Firth comes in, and are usually the funnier parts of the film) and equally strange news reports on the disaster. There is also some confusion as to what's taking place within the film's "real" world and which bits are a story-within-a-story. One of the segments appears as a video game in another one, for example.
We meet all sorts of fascinating beings, most of whom look like they should just be put out of their misery. There is a black couple performing scarcely arousing sexual acts on one another, a mentally broken Asian woman who loses her "baby" behind fallen rubble as the voice of God (Firth again, I think) guides her through horrific portals and strange shapes, there is the small man with bowel issues who attends a private school in the woods where he also discovers a distinctly anus-looking creature (I dare not reveal how these two bond), there is the eccentric abortion doctor (Clinton) who will surely cure your fear of boobs, and also there's the female rapper who shares a crib with two inter-dimensional stoner lifeforms (Hannibal Buress and Donnell Rawlings). Because of course she does.
It's been noted that this film draws inspiration from all sorts of similarly grotesque and surreal works, including but not limited to Naked Lunch (consider the frequent use of insects and/or creatures that resemble human orifices), Crispin Glover's It trilogy, and the works of Cronenberg, Giger, and Jodorowsky in general (all three have a fascination with either straight-up body horror or just deformities in general). Beyond all that, there's a sense that this is approximately what a feature film adaptation of The Eric André Show would look like (particularly the scenes with Busdriver). Make what you will of that.
I ultimately enjoyed watching Kuso. I loved the music, I found most of the effects and animations as interesting as they were beautifully unpleasant, and I liked a lot of the designs. All of this stuff had potential; it's just that, perhaps, it wasn't in quite the right hands and could have benefited from not being incoherent on purpose. I don't know how much sense this statement makes but it feels like Kuso should have been a film that serves to invite and engulf those who wish to see something this disturbing, and not stick it to those who don't.
It's a shame, since my favorite films are normally those that do things no other films dare to do, as is often the case with Kuso. But it does often play like a less funny and in some ways less horrifying Eric André Show or Steve Brule, and it does go too over-the-top for its own good (certain bits are effectively scary until yet another cartoon sound effect is played, which works as a jarring tonal inconsistency as opposed to an amusing defiance of conventions). Let me put it this way: just because no-one else has filmed a scene where a man rubs his semen in the mutated face of his lover before kissing her in an extreme close-up or a scene where FlyLo hallucinates his way through a breast-dimension, doesn't mean someone had to.
FlyLo boasts that "only 20 people" walked out during its initial screening at Sundance in January. At the time of this writing, it is available on Shudder and on home video discs. Do what you must.
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I make this Chicken Oriental Dip and every time I do — it's a HIT! It's got so many different flavors that it's just the right amount of awesomeness. If you're looking for something to serve your guests that's different than the run-of-the-mill spreads, this is it!
One of my husbands favorite appetizers - you wouldn't think so, but this recipe is a HIT with men and women, too!
Mix together all ingredients except the cream cheese and sweet and sour sauce and refrigerate the mixture all day or overnight.
Spread softened cream cheese on a platter.
Layer the chicken mixture over the top of the spread out cream cheese.
Drizzle sweet and sour sauce over the top of chicken and cheese mixture before serving.
Use a platter like this one.
Serve with Triscuits, Club Crackers, pita chips, or cracker of your choice (we prefer Triscuits). Yum!
Find more great appetizers here.


So I combined them. Well, I made a Mexican pizza…with ingredients inspired by what I would normally use for nachos. Two of my favourite meals in one? YES PLEASE!
And on that note – I just want to say THANK YOU to the organisers of VeganMoFo, and to all the new blogger friends I've "met" this month <3 September has been an amazing month!
Italian meets Mexican in this spicy vegan pizza. Use this no-rise, thin & crispy pizza base recipe, or use a premade base.
Mix together the flour, yeast, salt and sugar in a bowl.
Add the water, combine until a smooth dough forms (you may need to add a little more water/flour to get the right consistency - it shouldn't be sticky).
Knead the dough for a minute or 2, and roll onto a pizza tray.
Mash the avocado with the lemon juice and spread that onto the base.
Finely dice the remaining toppings and distribute evenly over the pizza.
Blend all the cheese sauce ingredients in a high speed blender for 1 minute or until smooth and creamy.
Drizzle the cheese over the pizza, as desired (this recipe with make more cheese than required for one pizza, you can store it in the fridge to use for other dishes).
Bake the pizza for 20 minutes or until the edges are lightly browned.
Remove from the oven, slice, and devour.
*Cashews: it is ideal to soak the cashews overnight but if you forget, you can use unsoaked cashews instead - you might need to blender for a bit longer.
Sharing this pizza at #freefromfridays and Healthy Vegan Fridays.
I'd love to know your thoughts about my Mexican pizza!
What do you love most about VeganMoFo?
Thanks Bianca! I'm feeling much better today, it must have been the spiciness of the pizza haha :D I know, it's hard to pick just one favourite cuisine, they all definitely have their strong points! Mushrooms, spinach and tempeh/eggplant on pizza sounds awesome :D I can't wait until MoFo next year too!
that is one fantastic pizza and looks like perfect medicine– get well soon!
Thank you Faye – pizza fixes everything, feeling much more rejuvenated today!
I can't' argue with a combination like that – they were meant to be together. I love the chilli cashew cheese in particular! I've really loved MoFo this year.
Thanks Joey! I loved the chilli cashew cheese too (you can never go wrong with cashew cheese!). MoFo was so much fun, it was great getting to know you better through all your posts this month!
Yum!! I love pizza and nachos and this looks like a winner!
Thanks! I added you and THAT Mexican Pizza is REALLY top notch! Great job!
I like that we picked the same fusion food. Great minds think alike!
That's so funny that our fusion foods are so similar :D thanks Kimmy, I am feeling much better now!
Glad you're feeling better. This masterpiece is being featured at Healthy Vegan Fridays this week!


Women's Brooks® Ghost 8 GTX :: Bad weather? Whatever. We've taken the GHOST 8's killer combination of balance, cushion, and lightweight materials and wrapped them in a high-performance GORE-TEX membrane. Get the same sweet fit and feel but with a waterproof, breathable upper.


text:
I Love Jack Wilshere
WILSHERE SUFFERS INJURY SETBACK
Jack Wilshere injury problems continues as he has suffered a setback from the ankle injury he sustained against Wolves.
The English ace who joined West Ham from Arsenal on a free at the beginning of the 2018-2019 season underwent a minor surgery after picking up the knock.
It is reported that he has suffered inflammation on the ankle and will not be back as earlier suggested. Hammer's coach Manuel Pellegrini revealed to the press that Jack has suffered a setback and he his feeling pains in his ankle.
Wilshere rose through the ranks at Arsenal and was included in the squad in the 2008-2009 season. He made his senior debut against Black burn Rovers at Ewood Park coming on for Robin van Persie in the 84th minute.
He was sent on loan to Bolton Wonderers in the 2010-2011 season to get more playing times. He made his International debut under Fabio Capello, the Italian, describing him as the future of English football. Injuries and fitness issues have not given Wilshere the opportunity to fulfill his enormous potential.
He suffered a stress fracture ankle injury in the summer leading to the 2011-2012 season and it was believed Wilshere would heal naturally, but after series of scans it was decided he went for surgery. He did not recover on time to play any part in the regular season and subsequently he missed out on the squad for the 2012 summer Olympics in London.
Injuries kept him out for a long period of time, and it was decided he moved on loan in 2016-2017 season, he was sent on loan to Bournemouth. While on loan at Bournemouth he suffered hairline fracture to his left fibula and it was confirmed that he would miss the rest of the season.
Wilshere continued to struggle at Arsenal, and he was finally let go at the end of the 2017-2018 season. He joined West Ham on a free transfer, but his luck has not changed as he has continued to struggle for fitness.
December 22, 2019 index Uncategorized Jack Wilshere
« WEST HAM LOSE AT HOME TO CRYSTAL PALACE.


Made my first outing of the Bald Eagle season this weekend but the morning tide was not quite right. It was an early morning low, but a minus tide that would have exposed enough shoreline for the Eagles to actively feed on the fish. There Eagle that we did see for the most part stayed put up in the tall pine trees away from the beach. There were a few Great Blue Herons about they were not shy about submerging their heads in the water to pick up a meal. This particular youngster looked like he had his angling technique down pat. It was not a good morning to be a swimming around in his vicinity. Hopefully next weeks tides will kick the Eagle action in high gear.
Processed using LRCC/Photoshop CC/ Nik Suite .
Some of the more common birds are easy to take for granted or pass off as being not very interesting. Sea Gulls here in the Pacific Northwest are no exception, but if you take closer look at them you might notice some of the differences in the numerous species. A couple of the most common around the Seattle waterfront are the Western and Herring Gulls. I was out this weekend testing out a new lens and this guy was kind enough to provide a couple of poses.
This weeks bird is one you're only likely to find along Pacific Northwest beaches or shorelines of lakes and ponds. When not resting along the shoreline, Sanderlings are often chasing breaking waves along the shallows of sandy beaches in search of small prey exposed by the receding waters.These medium sized sandpipers usually stick to flocks of about a dozen birds. This one ventured out in front of the rest of his group which allowed me a chance to get an isolated shot of him.
I haven't found time yet this spring to get out for some new bird images. Just another shot from the archives this week. A little female Bufflehead jetting across a local urban slough. These guys get real skittish whenever they sense people are around.
Processed with Lightroom 4, Photoshop CS6, Nik ColorEfx.
It's that time of the year again and I hope all of you survived Tax Day and got your returns finished. I filed just yesterday and was pleasantly surprised and relieved that we don't owe the IRS. 🙂 Maybe one of these years I'll get mine done earlier to avoid the anxiety. It's also almost time of the year for Bald Eagle season here in the Pacific Northwest. Next month I'll be making at least a couple of trips over to town of Seabeck on Hood Canal to capture a few images like this one.
This weeks post again has something a little different from the usual bird photograph. Those of you who are regular viewers know that I've tried to expand my photography to include a more artistic techniques. Recently as well as painting, I'm experimenting with mono printing using a gelatin plate instead of a printing press. I scanned a couple of images of the prints and layered with different blending modes in an iPad program to use as a background for the image of a Northern Harrier. There are ton of options to be explored with this technique and I've also got some ideas for incorporating woodwork.
Processed with Photoshop Touch, Filterstorm for iPad, Photoshop CC, Acrylic paint.
Week before last I posted a shot of an American Goldfinch and mentioned I might attempt a watercolor painting of the bird. I wasn't too thrilled with my first attempt, but this second one I think might be worthy of presenting. I may try painting a few more other birds in the future as they are fun subjects and can be a bit of a challenge.
Going back over some older images from the archives this week. Some of the birds I never made it out to photograph this season are the Snow Geese that migrate through Skagit Valley. They travel in large flocks and stop to graze the open grass farm lands in and around the Fir Island area.
Here is a shot of a single bird to show a little more detail of what they look like close up. I've also included one of my favorite shots of a flock that was captured from an earlier previous outing as they flew directly overhead on their way back to their evening resting place across Skagit Bay.
I'm a little late with this weeks post, but lately I've been devoting a fair amount of time to get back into sketching and painting; something I did a lot of while in college, but in my professional career have gotten away from. Recently I viewed a painting tutorial that used a Goldfinch as the subject. It reminded me of some of the images I had previously taken, as well as some I'd wished I'd captured. In the coming weeks I might also give that a try in watercolor. Until then here is one of my Goldfinch shots from a while back.
Processed with Lightroom CC, Photoshop CC , Nik Define & ColorEfx Pro.
The Black Skimmer is quite a fascinating bird to watch, especially when they are actively hunting. They glide just a few inches above bodies of water while dragging their unique bills below the surface to scoop up small baitfish. I'm working on a submission for panoramic images and thought this one might be a potential candidate. I've transformed it with some digital artistic effects to make it more interesting.
Processed with Lightroom CC, Photoshop CC, Nik ColorEfx, Filterstorm for iPad.


text:
Girl who died from cancer won the right to be frozen in time
SHE was dying from cancer and wanted another chance at life. So this 14-year-old did what very few teenagers would even consider doing.
AAPNovember 18, 201612:45pm
The girl won the right have her body preserved through the cryonics process. Picture: SuppliedSource:News Limited
A BRITISH girl who died after a terminal illness won the right to have her body frozen in an unprecedented ruling, the High Court said on Friday.
The 14-year-old girl from London had written to a judge explaining she wanted a chance to "live longer" after suffering from a rare form of cancer.
She had researched and decided to undergo cryonics, the process through which people are frozen with the hope they will be brought back to life with the help of future medical advancements.
"I am only 14-years-old and I don't want to die but I know I am going to die," she had written to the judge.
'I think being cryo-preserved gives me a chance to be cured and woken up — even in hundreds of years' time,' the teenager told the judge. Picture: SuppliedSource:News Limited
"I think being cryo-preserved gives me a chance to be cured and woken up — even in hundreds of years' time." The girl launched legal action to request that her mother, who supported the child's wishes, be the only person allowed to make decisions about the disposal of her body.
Her parents are divorced and the teenager's father initially objected to his daughter's plan.
Judge Peter Jackson ruled in the girl's favour in October following a private hearing at the High Court of England and Wales in London.
The girl was too ill to attend the hearing and has since died, with her remains being taken to the US and cryogenically frozen.
The case was not reported on before Friday in keeping with the wishes of the teenager, who also asked that no-one involved be identified.
Jackson said his decision was based on the dispute between the girl's parents and the best outcome for the child's welfare, not the science itself, in what he described as an unprecedented ruling.
"It is no surprise that this application is the only one of its kind to have come before the courts in this country — and probably anywhere else," he said.
"It is an example of the new questions that science poses to the law — perhaps most of all to family law," Jackson added.
The judge described the case as a "tragic combination" of childhood illness and family conflict, while praising the girl for the "valiant way" she approached the situation.
For the last eight years of her life the teenager had not had face-to-face contact with her father, who raised his concerns about the costs and consequences of his daughter being frozen.
"Even if the treatment is successful and she is brought back to life in, let's say, 200 years, she may not find any relative and she might not remember things," he was said to have told Jackson.
The father's position however shifted during the case, saying that he respected his daughter's decision.
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Flew up to San Fran for the Breakaway from cancer ride with Big George from Highroad/Columbia. Me and Mark (aka Country) made our way down to the water front in the pre-dawn hours.
Geared up and caught a few words from the Big man before setting off 🙂 The route was fun starting with a bit of climbing which with my new 36/25 setup was a bit tougher then usual 🙂 we hit the coast and I got the guys to get in behind me to draft. We headed out around a really nice lake and thru a ritzy golf course. @ 1hr we saw Big George and the first wave coming back at us. We wound thru a really nice park and back across the city and hit one more quick climb.
Fun times! I convinced Mark to since we were all dressed up with nowhere to go that we ride out to Sausilito and take the ferry back. Over the Golden gate we went and down into Sausilito and grabbed breakfast and coffee in a nice lill shop before catching the ferry back across the bay.


text:
This AGSM MBA Is Using Big Data To Guide Start-Ups To Success
Imon Choudhury moved on from Accenture consulting job to help entrepreneurs in Melbourne, Australia
Written by Marco De Novellis
Imon Choudhury is an MBA grad from Sydney's Australian Graduate School of Management
Big data is a big deal in the start-up world. With the dawn of the digital era, entrepreneurs are increasingly using data analytics to drive business strategy and decision-making.
Imon Choudhury, an MBA graduate from Sydney's Australian Graduate School of Management (AGSM), is a strategy specialist, with a strong interest in start-ups and guiding entrepreneurs to success. Alongside an advisory role at a major Australian corporate, he runs his own specialized consultancy using data analytics to help businesses grow.
The India-born innovator worked as an engineer for global semiconductors firm Texas Instruments before relocating to Australia, where he would later pursue an MBA. After graduation, he spent over a year working at the heart of public policy and health reform for the Australian Federal Government, strategizing a reform program that influenced the lives of 21 million Australians.
He moved on to join Accenture as a global strategist, travelling the world, before settling to life in Melbourne.
What advice do you have for MBAs looking to start their own business?
Resilience counts; you'll get through the hard times if you stick to it.
You need to have a good support structure around you; someone who can help coach you and someone who can help navigate the landscape of the start-up world.
How strong is the start-up scene in Melbourne?
It's looking up! There's quite a lot of new capital making its way to Melbourne. Increasingly, I'm seeing a rise of start-ups in peer-to-peer businesses and in the education sector.
How is big data changing the way businesses operate?
The demand for data-based decision-making has definitely increased. CRM has taken off big time and you can see that businesses are increasingly relying on data to better engage with their customers.
The opportunities for internal optimization as well as external market acquisition are promising. Industries that have invested in digital platforms are increasing their market effectiveness without significant increases in overheads.
How important is it that MBA students equip themselves with data analytics skills?
Analytics, data and strategy are becoming increasingly intertwined and the demand for analytics skills will become a lot more pronounced.
If students can specialize in analytics as part of the MBA program, I would highly recommend it.
Tell me something about working for Accenture that most people wouldn't know?
The number one thing is the quality of mentoring.
The beauty of Accenture is that it's a truly broad-based practice. One gets exposure to a broad range of different areas and the people who come with it. I think that plays a crucial role; it opens up doors when ones transitioning from consulting and helps groom for future roles.
What does Accenture look for in its job applicants?
Be yourself. It's a phrase used all too often but very few people appreciate what it really means.
Preparing well for the case interviews, in terms of technical areas and soft skills certainly helps. Management consulting is as much about doing business with other people as it is about getting your head down and solving complex problems.
How does working in both the public and private sector compare?
The private sector has a very strong commercial bottom line while in the public sector it's a lot more about social outcomes.
Having said that, I would impress upon the areas of commonality. The strategy around market share, influencing market outcomes, efficiency and operational excellence, is very similar. In the digital era, I see convergence across the sectors.
Why did you decide to pursue an MBA at AGSM?
It was a big change for me to give up on my job and relocate to Australia. But I realized that the field of semi-conductors only brought so much. I began to ask myself where to go from here and I felt that the natural fit would be an MBA.
Being able to pursue international exchange programs while pursuing my core program with the top business school in the country was very appealing.
How have you profited from your MBA experience?
It was by far the best investment that I could have ever made.
The caliber of students together with the diversity and the way the programs were taught made for a truly rewarding experience.
Henley Business School
Australian Business School Blazes A Trail With Big Data Courses For MBAs
Posted on April 17, 2018 09:00
More MBA Students Should Take Up Careers With Nonprofits—Says Melbourne Business School Entrepreneur
Posted on March 25, 2018 22:19
How Australia's Top-Ranked Business School Is Backing LGBTQ Leaders In Business
Posted on March 7, 2018 10:29


Swindon has been awarded millions of pounds in government funding for two major highway schemes in the eastern part of the town.
The funding was announced by the Government's Housing Secretary Sajid Javid and Chancellor Philip Hammond as part of the first wave of funding for the £5bn Housing Infrastructure Fund (HIF).
Swindon was one of only a handful of areas awarded funding for two infrastructure projects, which will help to speed up housebuilding in two major development areas included in Swindon Borough Council's Local Plan.
In total, 133 projects across the country have been awarded funding with the money being used to pay for new roads, cycle paths, flood defences and land remediation work which need to be carried out prior to major housebuilding.
Swindon Borough Council has been awarded £6.5m for the Kingsdown Bridge project which will see a new bridge built across the A419 to provide a direct link from the proposed 1,650-home Kingsdown development to the A4311 Cricklade Road.
The housing scheme is being delivered by developers Persimmon and Primegate, who will be responsible for any additional costs over and above the £6.5m.
A total of £5m has also been awarded for the New Eastern Villages (NEV) Eastern Access, which will take the form of a new bridge under the Great Western Railway line and provide a direct link into the proposed Rowborough development from the A420.
Rowborough forms part of the New Eastern Villages, will consist of around 2,380 homes built on a site to the north of the A420. The bridge will provide an essential access into the site to enable the full development to go ahead and the design and procurement of the scheme will be the responsibility of development partners Hallam Land Management, Taylor Wimpey Strategic Developments, and Hannick Homes Limited who will make up the remaining balance of the total £10m cost of the project.
Cllr Toby Elliott, Swindon Borough Council's Cabinet Member for Strategic Planning and Sustainability, said: "This funding from the Government is a welcome boost for these two major housing schemes and will enable us to take forward our development plans in the east of the town.
"It is vitally important that we have the right infrastructure in place before we start building the thousands of homes that Swindon needs and we took the opportunity to present some of our highway schemes for the New Eastern Villages at our drop-in event at Coleview Community Centre last week, which was very well attended.


text:
Бацушський потік () — річка в Словаччині; притока Грону довжиною 8.5 км. Протікає в окрузі Брезно.

Витікає в масиві Низькі Татри на висоті 1325 метрів. Протікає територією  села Бацух.

Впадає у Грон на висоті 566 метрів.

Примітки

Посилання
 Vodny tok 2020

округ Брезно
Річки Словаччини

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


When Donald Trump moves from his office in Trump Tower to the Oval Office in the White House on Jan. 20, he's going to be bringing a very interesting wall decoration with him.
According to Politico, friends of Trump have said that the president-elect has told them that he plans to hang a letter from former President Richard Nixon from almost three decades ago in which the nation's 37th chief executive told the billionaire real estate mogul that he could win any office he ran for.
The letter, U.S. News and World Report said, came after Nixon's wife Pat saw Trump on an episode of Phil Donahue's talk show back in 1987.
Trump told Fox News that the former president "always wanted me to run for office" and that he remained close with his family. Nixon's grandson, Christopher Nixon Cox, reportedly dined with the president-elect for Thanksgiving and had been considered for the ambassadorship to China.
Presidents are known to make a bit of alteration to the Oval Office to fit their own personal tastes. For instance, the current president removed a bust of Winston Churchill to replace it with one of Martin Luther King Jr.
Talk about a yuge move.
Please like and share on Facebook and Twitter if you agree that Nixon's letter belongs on the wall of the Oval Office.
How glad are you that Donald Trump will be the next inhabitant of the Oval Office? Scroll down to comment below!


text:
lymeresearchuk.org
Falling Through the Gap Part 1 – Summary
Falling Through the Gap Part 2 – Press Summary
Expertise and projects
Falling Through the Gap: Part 1
Examining the Gap: new research
Contact and Patient's Stories
Links- Support
Testing for borrelia
FALLING THROUGH THE GAP? PART ONE – LYME DISEASE PREVENTION IN THE UK
'Beyond absolute 'wrong' and absolute 'right' is a field – I will meet you there' (unknown)
The Problems for Communities at Risk
'Lyme Disease (LD) is a multisystem and multistage infection caused by three species of tick-borne spirochetes. …LD has become the most common vector-borne Disease in North America and Europe ………Like other spirochetal infections, the signs and symptoms of LD occur in stages and involve a variety of tissues and organs, including the skin, joints, heart, and nervous system.'[1]
Patients' experiences of health services in the UK are of concern, since they feel the NHS has frequently failed to deal with their illness. Mis-diagnosis, delayed treatment, and inadequate 'recognition' of complex health selequae are common experiences, if support groups are to be believed which, in 'general' terms unfortunately, they are not.
Representations from patients and patient groups, via democratic and other processes, have not resulted in a full review of the problems, on the part of the state or its agencies. There is still a 'world-wide conflict' often described as the 'Lyme Wars' but also a growing body of work that has a different view of these issues, which is not currently being used to inform policy and practice[2],[3].
However, 'vilification' of Lyme sufferers continues, and has reached a level and pitch that is 'reminiscent' of social attitudes levelled at HIV patients in the 1980s (i.e. unneccesary 'victim blaming') – as a recent article (by psychiatrists based on activities of a Polish support group) illustrates [4].
'Members of the association induce one another with hypochondriac fantasies of a Disease, sometimes exceeding the limits of a delusion……It also leads to irrational social behaviour, which can only be described as induced hypochondria…..'
The Chief Medical Officer's update of 2009 states:
'Misinformation about Lyme Disease is readily available to patients via the internet and can lead them to seek inappropriate diagnosis and treatment.'
The internet, media and/or demanding patients are blamed for the problems that are arising, against a backdrop of institutional denial and disinterest. A rising rate of increase of cases in the UK does not appear to generate any strategic thinking with regard to dealing with these complex illnesses. There is concern that lack of any planned efforts in prevention is, itself, 'institutionally irrational behaviour'. The central issues regarding prevention are ignored in preference of an 'unhealthy' focus on the controversies surrounding diagnosis and treatment of Lyme Disease and other TBIs [5] by the state.
In particular, responsibility for proactive prevention is unclear, and efforts by public agencies are not co-ordinated or adequate. The issues seem to fall through a 'gap' in policy and practice – there is no clear public legislative responsibility, ingrained in public policy, to ensure planned tick protection or Lyme prevention efforts[6]. There are several 'points' of potential intervention in prevention. One is the knowledge and methods of tick-protection, to ensure ticks do not bite or when they do, that they are removed safely. The second is the issue about how 'first line advice' is provided by professionals, such as GPs, and is about prevention through relevant and timely intervention.
Typically, the Health Protection Agency release yearly tick warnings, in one press release. Stakeholders are offered an 'advice service' and left to decide how to do 'tick protection'. Consequently the use of information is limited and methods of communication are sometimes inadequate, sporadic, or patchy. There is little evidence of co-ordination or planning of communications about risks; e.g. a useful toolkit from the EU does not appear to be used extensively in the South-East or promoted by these agencies or networks. [7]
For example; at best, small items of information on websites (that the vast majority of people will not be exposed to) or at worst, no information at all. Only 8 out of 14 national parks had any information at all on their websites in 2011. The Forestry Commission allows cabins to be let out on its land, but the website has no information on ticks or risks.
Local authorities sometimes put information out in certain known 'hot spots' and tourist centres or on their own websites; there are notices in some parks or forests. But, it is very unclear how many people are reached through these rather 'static' and 'sporadic' communication methods. And, the coverage of risk groups with these efforts is 'partial' at the very best and many 'hot spots' are missed.
Approaches which only target those in 'traditional' high risk groups, may not 'reach' far enough. Lyme has actually been found in ticks in urban parks and in urban park workers for example, and cheap holidays abroad put many people at risk outside of the UK [8].
One in five of a group of UK and Irish patients had been infected abroad. New information shows that about one in five people diagnosed with Lyme have been infected either in an allotment, park or garden[9]. These are places (and use of places) that are not normally considered 'high risk areas' or 'high risk activities'.
It is not just the public who potentially get tick protection advice wrong; a survey of GPs showed that 72% reported using the wrong method of tick removal. The same paper also showed that amongst surveyed councils, only 7% provided information to staff, and only 7% claimed to have information for the public on their website. The charity (BADA), concerned with education on tick protection, also stated[10]:
'Health and Safety in the workplace documents, and for visiting public….were also reviewed….it revealed a significant lack of information regarding hazards and risk avoidance, and out-dated and conflicting data…' (2011)
The infection of Borrelia, from a tick bite, is still seen as being a 'rare' event, and this is sometimes used to explain why more communications on tick protection is not needed. The question is, what is real? The risk of disease that is difficult or impossible to treat, following infection and, how much 'accumulated morbidity' is arising from this more minimalist approach. These are questions that the state is reluctant to ask, or to answer. The question we must ask is whether the communications systems we have in place to warn people about ticks and to protect them, is adequate and, if not, what system would be.
Policy Issues: Who is Responsible for Lyme Disease Prevention?
It is very difficult to locate the locus of responsibility for protecting the public against ticks. However, the CIEH currently believes that responsibility could potentially lie with a central government agency such as the HPA (or perhaps the new 'Public Health England').[11]
A search of the DOH website does not reveal any evidence of any public health initiatives at strategic levels. State agencies, such as various bodies for public health, have not historically enabled a planned, forward looking, and proactive approach to tackling the (growing) threat to communities from Tick Borne Infections (TBIs).
This is despite a corporate remit for the Health Protection Agency , newly formed in 2002, whose mission statement included:
'Protecting People, Preventing Harm, Preparing for Threats'
And, a previous strategic review, in the form of 'Getting Ahead of the Curve' in that year that focused on:
'a local health protection service….working with the NHS and local authorities to deliver specific functions relating to the prevention, investigation and control of infectious Disease…'
It appears that the HPA structures did not address these issues. Their work appears to be orientated only towards 'sudden outbreaks' of acute, communicable diseases. This seems to fit with more 'traditional' ways of understanding 'risks' from infection, and prioritorising work.
There are also a set of questions as to what extent tick protection and Lyme prevention is to do with health education (which is to do with better health via better awareness) as opposed to 'health protection' as conceived by the HPA as 'fire-fighting' rapid response to sudden outbreaks. To quote a piece from the HPA's website on the role of a local health protection officer:
'Being a consultant in health protection means you're at the sharp end of events. Working at the local level with agencies such as primary care trusts, local authorities and environmental health officers, we tackle outbreaks such as meningitis, TB and food poisoning.'
The issues surrounding prevention appears to have slipped right off the agenda. Individuals, families, and communities of people affected by tick-borne infections are trying to put the issues back there and there is support from some GPs and MPs in certain endemic areas. At times it seems as if this 'community action' is proactive in tackling problems which, state agencies have not yet admitted, exist.
The 'new' Public Health and Tick-borne illness
In light of the new health systems which are emerging and which provide a new role for public health in local authorities, it may be a good time to look at these important issues. Lyme Disease and TBIs present a useful case study which could be used to 'future proof' new systems. It would be possible to examine how these problems could be dealt with, by new structures. There are real worries however, that in the 'fast moving' new health systems, that problems for communities at risk from TBIs will, yet again, be of low priority.
Since there has been no policy-orientated analysis for the UK in this area, and much more work needs to be done, there are important questions as to what kind of model should be used to drive any TBI prevention initiatives, and the kind of policy approach that could reinforce these efforts. Above all, we should be aiming for 'sustainable communication' which 'cascades' through community life, organisations and networks.
As the WHO defines it, health education embedded into the heart of communities can be an empowering process which:
"comprise[s] consciously constructed opportunities for learning involving some form of communication designed to improve health literacy, including improving knowledge, and developing life skills which are conducive to individual and community health."
This kind of approach dovetails well into a more community orientated 'holistic' approach that could involve communities in change but is driven and supported by innovative policy at a state level. The national agencies, in contrast, have not provided a 'relevant' or 'timely' strategy for planned intervention, for the prevention of tick-borne infections.
As David Kidney, head of policy for the CIEH suggests (in the context of reinforcing, and developing the role of environmental health officers in emerging structures)[12]
'We also call for a statutory duty for public health partners to co-operate, and for a mandate for health and wellbeing boards to receive information and advice from environmental health services, where there is not a direct environmental health representative on the board'
Clearly these kinds of changes could provide opportunities for new structures to enable practical and problem solving approaches to be taken forward. Those that allow incorporation of the ideas of professional groups who understand the issues on 'ground level' (such as the CIEH), are likely to be the most successful. The institutional response to these issues (according to patients) until now has been at best inadequate, at worst, malfunctioning.
The 'real' BIG Society – Community Action at its most Proactive?
Once there is some clear institutional commitment to address tick protection communication, care needs to be taken in deciding what kind of 'health protection' model would suit. The specific challenges of preventing tick-borne infections go beyond the 'behaviour' of people, related to their exposure to ticks.
A useful model would be one that is based on a 'community development approach' to health education, incorporating issues around 'recognition of good tick protection practices', and 'risks from Lyme Disease' as an essential part of prevention. A 'community based strategy', would also enable communities to contribute to local initiatives.
This also needs to be embedded in local sources of communication and action (e.g. local Lyme support groups, and charities dealing with tick-borne infections) – such as local links and communication networks that already exist. This would also sit well with new proposed 'local authority based' public health structures. Another advantage of this type of approach would be that it could tackle both 'good tick protection', as well as enabling people to understand enough about the illness to ensure more prompt diagnosis and treatment.
In general terms, this is not too dissimilar to ideas emerging from the RELU research project that has been examining 'communication of risks to countryside users'. They discuss the '4Es model that includes encouraging (with clear information), engaging (involvement such as stakeholders), enabling (people do adopt 'desired behaviour') and exemplifying (leading by example) communicating about risks.
More recently this research group provided a link between that approach, and 'The Big Society' (from the coalition), such as:
'Speed (ing) local delivery of practical actions by securing involvement, and building ownership, commitment and motivation…'[13]
They talk about 'local action' and 'engaging local people' via means such as 'targeting specific local issues at an appropriate scale' and 'engage(ing) people from the onset, when challenges are first being aired…'
What is clear is that Local Authorities already have local links and networks, and are the location of professionals already communicating health messages (such as schools, environmental health officers, environmental groups and forums, community and voluntary sectors and groups etc ). This would be a good place to locate the co-ordination activities, having considerable experience of this kind of partnership working already. The big question is; who is going to be responsible; how this could be resourced; and, what real commitment would be made.
BADA[14] for example, has raised money to have a tick-protection pack sent to every school in the UK. The state and its agencies need to ensure these packs are used. The information and understanding must be spread 'through' communities, and become established in their minds, and become common practice. Knowledge must be integrated into the heart of community life, local networks, and local activities.
Recent research suggests this could be done without undue alarm or 'spoiling' people's enjoyment of the wild areas of the UK even in the context where countryside users find tick protection messages unpleasant. [15] However, going beyond simply supplying information to 'normalisation' of tick protection practices would potentially reduce fear or distaste, not unilaterally raise fear.
It is not just about putting leaflets in visitor centres or bits of information on a few websites – it's about getting knowledge right into the 'hearts and minds' of communities. They can also help in perpetrating good practice and contributing to locally targeted efforts, above being passive recipients of more 'static' health protection messages.
There needs to be better recognition that communities themselves are a source of information and knowledge about risks, and that communication through and via community groups at local levels, is an essential ingredient.
The public should not simply be conceived as 'lacking in knowledge', or 'prone to mis-information', or 'misguided practice'. Rather than being deficient in knowledge and needing 'correction' from professionals, local people and communities are building resources and knowledge and, already taking action themselves.
This is mainly because the state has not been able to effectively plan ahead. It's not just about 'changing behaviour' but enabling communities to contribute – such as identifying hotspots, drawing in local groups, organisations and businesses that already form local networks.
It is the strategic policy context of preventing tick-borne infections that needs to be fully reviewed. We need to know which agencies and professionals carry responsibility for communicating risks, how they are to be co-ordinated and managed, and, how this will work with communities towards better knowledge of tick protection and removal practices. Efforts to develop policy led solutions need to be problem orientated and take into consideration patients and communities experiences, as well as the issues related to different 'communities at risk'.
The models used to guide such efforts need to be based on good practice and should also acknowledge and build on the role of communities themselves in tick protection/education efforts. They need to target local communities most at risk, as well as those who are, by virtue of where they live, and/or because of specific behaviour or lifestyle.
Moving towards these kinds of practical and 'socially intelligent solutions', has barely begun. It cannot progress until the real nature of the problems for individuals, families and communities at risk are recognised. 'Vilification' of people with Lyme Disease, (or their support groups), is not an effective strategy to tackle the growing risks from ticks, or Lyme Disease.
As an approach or response to the crisis, it is not rational, nor productive. It serves to ignore key problems and issues surrounding prevention of Lyme or other tick-borne infections in the community. At the same time it also 'throws fuel on the fire' of attitudes that result in undiagnosed chronically ill patients who cannot easily defend themselves. This includes some of the most vulnerable, such as those with low incomes; the rurally isolated; those who live with repeat or regular exposure to ticks; the young or very old; as well as those with co-morbid illness, atypical symptoms or living in non-endemic areas etc.
A much better dialogue and debate between the state and its agencies, as well as 'communities and organisations of interest', needs to be created, in order for tick protection (and the prevention of Lyme Disease) to work effectively. It is not clear that debate has even begun yet. An agenda is needed in which the community has a role in constructing. This needs to be a collaboration between relevant professional groups, organisations and stakeholders, as well as the local communities themselves.
Kate Bloor – April 2012, LymeResearchUk , lymeresearchuk@btopenworld.com
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[1] Reed, K. D. (2002). Laboratory Testing for Lyme Disease : Possibilities and Practicalities MINIREVIEW Laboratory Testing for Lyme Disease : Possibilities and Practicalities. Society, 40(2). doi:10.1128/JCM.40.2.319
[2] BJ Kullberg et al, 'The challenge of Lyme Disease: tired of the Lyme wars', The Netherlands Journal of Medicine, March 2011, Vol 69, No 3, pgs 98-100.
[3] RB Stricker, L Johnson, 'Lyme Disease : the next decade', Infection and drug resistance, 2011 :4, 1-9.
[4] M Rorat, E Kuchar, L Szenborn, K Malyszczak, 'Growing borreliosis anxiety and its reasons', Psychiatr Pol, 2010, Nov-Dec ; 44 (6) :895-904.
[5] (Author Unknown). Independent Appraisal and Review of ILADS 2004 'Evidence-based guidelines for the management of Lyme Disease', 8 December 2010, HPA.
[6] http://ticktalkireland.wordpress.com/2011/02/14/lyme-policy-uk/
[7] http://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/healthtopics/tick_borne_Diseases/public_health_measures/Pages/communication_toolkit.aspx?MasterPage=1
[8] Guy, E. C., & Farquhar, R. G. (1991). Borrelia burgdorferi in urban parks. Lance.
Rees, D. H., & Axford, J. S. (1994). Evidence for Lyme Disease in urban park workers: a potential new health hazard for city inhabitants. British journal of rheumatology, 33(2), 123-128.
[9] patient survey conducted autumn 2011, LymeResearchUk and Ireland.
[10] Wendy Fox (BADA), 'Under the Radar: Lyme borreliosis in the UK', Science in parliament, autumn 2011, Vol 68, No 4.
[11] Personal communication with press officer CEIH march 2012.
[12] CIEH 5/4/2011 The Guardian
[13] RELU, Dec 2010, 'The Big Society: helping communities take action'.
[14] Borreliosis and Associated Diseases Awareness uk, http://bada-uk.org/
[15] Marcu, A., Uzzell, D., & Barnett, J. (2011). Making sense of unfamiliar risks in the countryside: the case of Lyme Disease. Health & place, 17(3), 843-50. doi:10.1016/j.healthplace.2011.03.010


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For regular under-graduate and post-graduate courses, the admissions are offered at affiliated colleges, recognized institutes, and university departments.
Applicants aspiring admissions need to apply in respective college, institute, or department. From academic year 2014-15 application for admission has been made available online by the University. Applicants may use this facility to the fullest for their benefit. The output of the 'Pre-Admission Online Registration will be a printout of application form to be submitted in colleges.
Applicants from states other than Maharashtra, and foreign nationals may also use this facility. However, foreign nationals may have to undergo additional mandatory procedures by contacting the University.
If you are aspiring for admission to FIRST YEAR / FIRST SEMESTER of any undergraduate course in any college of this University then one should apply for Pre-Admission Online Registration.