text:
<?php
namespace Aws;

use Aws\Api\Validator;
use Aws\Api\ApiProvider;
use Aws\Api\Service;
use Aws\Credentials\Credentials;
use Aws\Credentials\CredentialsInterface;
use Aws\Endpoint\Partition;
use Aws\Endpoint\PartitionEndpointProvider;
use Aws\Endpoint\PartitionProviderInterface;
use Aws\Signature\SignatureProvider;
use Aws\Endpoint\EndpointProvider;
use Aws\Credentials\CredentialProvider;
use GuzzleHttp\Promise;
use InvalidArgumentException as IAE;
use Psr\Http\Message\RequestInterface;

/**
 * @internal Resolves a hash of client arguments to construct a client.
 */
class ClientResolver
{
    /** @var array */
    private $argDefinitions;

    /** @var array Map of types to a corresponding function */
    private static $typeMap = [
        'resource' => 'is_resource',
        'callable' => 'is_callable',
        'int'      => 'is_int',
        'bool'     => 'is_bool',
        'string'   => 'is_string',
        'object'   => 'is_object',
        'array'    => 'is_array',
    ];

    private static $defaultArgs = [
        'service' => [
            'type'     => 'value',
            'valid'    => ['string'],
            'doc'      => 'Name of the service to utilize. This value will be supplied by default when using one of the SDK clients (e.g., Aws\\S3\\S3Client).',
            'required' => true,
            'internal' => true
        ],
        'exception_class' => [
            'type'     => 'value',
            'valid'    => ['string'],
            'doc'      => 'Exception class to create when an error occurs.',
            'default'  => 'Aws\Exception\AwsException',
            'internal' => true
        ],
        'scheme' => [
            'type'     => 'value',
            'valid'    => ['string'],
            'default'  => 'https',
            'doc'      => 'URI scheme to use when connecting connect. The SDK will utilize "https" endpoints (i.e., utilize SSL/TLS connections) by default. You can attempt to connect to a service over an unencrypted "http" endpoint by setting ``scheme`` to "http".',
        ],
        'endpoint' => [
            'type'  => 'value',
            'valid' => ['string'],
            'doc'   => 'The full URI of the webservice. This is only required when connecting to a custom endpoint (e.g., a local version of S3).',
            'fn'    => [__CLASS__, '_apply_endpoint'],
        ],
        'region' => [
            'type'     => 'value',
            'valid'    => ['string'],
            'required' => [__CLASS__, '_missing_region'],
            'doc'      => 'Region to connect to. See http://docs.aws.amazon.com/general/latest/gr/rande.html for a list of available regions.',
        ],
        'version' => [
            'type'     => 'value',
            'valid'    => ['string'],
            'required' => [__CLASS__, '_missing_version'],
            'doc'      => 'The version of the webservice to utilize (e.g., 2006-03-01).',
        ],
        'signature_provider' => [
            'type'    => 'value',
            'valid'   => ['callable'],
            'doc'     => 'A callable that accepts a signature version name (e.g., "v4"), a service name, and region, and  returns a SignatureInterface object or null. This provider is used to create signers utilized by the client. See Aws\\Signature\\SignatureProvider for a list of built-in providers',
            'default' => [__CLASS__, '_default_signature_provider'],
        ],
        'api_provider' => [
            'type'     => 'value',
            'valid'    => ['callable'],
            'doc'      => 'An optional PHP callable that accepts a type, service, and version argument, and returns an array of corresponding configuration data. The type value can be one of api, waiter, or paginator.',
            'fn'       => [__CLASS__, '_apply_api_provider'],
            'default'  => [ApiProvider::class, 'defaultProvider'],
        ],
        'endpoint_provider' => [
            'type'     => 'value',
            'valid'    => ['callable'],
            'fn'       => [__CLASS__, '_apply_endpoint_provider'],
            'doc'      => 'An optional PHP callable that accepts a hash of options including a "service" and "region" key and returns NULL or a hash of endpoint data, of which the "endpoint" key is required. See Aws\\Endpoint\\EndpointProvider for a list of built-in providers.',
            'default' => [__CLASS__, '_default_endpoint_provider'],
        ],
        'serializer' => [
            'default'   => [__CLASS__, '_default_serializer'],
            'fn'        => [__CLASS__, '_apply_serializer'],
            'internal'  => true,
            'type'      => 'value',
            'valid'     => ['callable'],
        ],
        'signature_version' => [
            'type'    => 'config',
            'valid'   => ['string'],
            'doc'     => 'A string representing a custom signature version to use with a service (e.g., v4). Note that per/operation signature version MAY override this requested signature version.',
            'default' => [__CLASS__, '_default_signature_version'],
        ],
        'signing_name' => [
            'type'    => 'config',
            'valid'   => ['string'],
            'doc'     => 'A string representing a custom service name to be used when calculating a request signature.',
            'default' => [__CLASS__, '_default_signing_name'],
        ],
        'signing_region' => [
            'type'    => 'config',
            'valid'   => ['string'],
            'doc'     => 'A string representing a custom region name to be used when calculating a request signature.',
            'default' => [__CLASS__, '_default_signing_region'],
        ],
        'profile' => [
            'type'  => 'config',
            'valid' => ['string'],
            'doc'   => 'Allows you to specify which profile to use when credentials are created from the AWS credentials file in your HOME directory. This setting overrides the AWS_PROFILE environment variable. Note: Specifying "profile" will cause the "credentials" key to be ignored.',
            'fn'    => [__CLASS__, '_apply_profile'],
        ],
        'credentials' => [
            'type'    => 'value',
            'valid'   => [CredentialsInterface::class, CacheInterface::class, 'array', 'bool', 'callable'],
            'doc'     => 'Specifies the credentials used to sign requests. Provide an Aws\Credentials\CredentialsInterface object, an associative array of "key", "secret", and an optional "token" key, `false` to use null credentials, or a callable credentials provider used to create credentials or return null. See Aws\\Credentials\\CredentialProvider for a list of built-in credentials providers. If no credentials are provided, the SDK will attempt to load them from the environment.',
            'fn'      => [__CLASS__, '_apply_credentials'],
            'default' => [CredentialProvider::class, 'defaultProvider'],
        ],
        'stats' => [
            'type'  => 'value',
            'valid' => ['bool', 'array'],
            'default' => false,
            'doc'   => 'Set to true to gather transfer statistics on requests sent. Alternatively, you can provide an associative array with the following keys: retries: (bool) Set to false to disable reporting on retries attempted; http: (bool) Set to true to enable collecting statistics from lower level HTTP adapters (e.g., values returned in GuzzleHttp\TransferStats). HTTP handlers must support an http_stats_receiver option for this to have an effect; timer: (bool) Set to true to enable a command timer that reports the total wall clock time spent on an operation in seconds.',
            'fn'    => [__CLASS__, '_apply_stats'],
        ],
        'retries' => [
            'type'    => 'value',
            'valid'   => ['int'],
            'doc'     => 'Configures the maximum number of allowed retries for a client (pass 0 to disable retries). ',
            'fn'      => [__CLASS__, '_apply_retries'],
            'default' => 3,
        ],
        'validate' => [
            'type'    => 'value',
            'valid'   => ['bool', 'array'],
            'default' => true,
            'doc'     => 'Set to false to disable client-side parameter validation. Set to true to utilize default validation constraints. Set to an associative array of validation options to enable specific validation constraints.',
            'fn'      => [__CLASS__, '_apply_validate'],
        ],
        'debug' => [
            'type'  => 'value',
            'valid' => ['bool', 'array'],
            'doc'   => 'Set to true to display debug information when sending requests. Alternatively, you can provide an associative array with the following keys: logfn: (callable) Function that is invoked with log messages; stream_size: (int) When the size of a stream is greater than this number, the stream data will not be logged (set to "0" to not log any stream data); scrub_auth: (bool) Set to false to disable the scrubbing of auth data from the logged messages; http: (bool) Set to false to disable the "debug" feature of lower level HTTP adapters (e.g., verbose curl output).',
            'fn'    => [__CLASS__, '_apply_debug'],
        ],
        'http' => [
            'type'    => 'value',
            'valid'   => ['array'],
            'default' => [],
            'doc'     => 'Set to an array of SDK request options to apply to each request (e.g., proxy, verify, etc.).',
        ],
        'http_handler' => [
            'type'    => 'value',
            'valid'   => ['callable'],
            'doc'     => 'An HTTP handler is a function that accepts a PSR-7 request object and returns a promise that is fulfilled with a PSR-7 response object or rejected with an array of exception data. NOTE: This option supersedes any provided "handler" option.',
            'fn'      => [__CLASS__, '_apply_http_handler']
        ],
        'handler' => [
            'type'     => 'value',
            'valid'    => ['callable'],
            'doc'      => 'A handler that accepts a command object, request object and returns a promise that is fulfilled with an Aws\ResultInterface object or rejected with an Aws\Exception\AwsException. A handler does not accept a next handler as it is terminal and expected to fulfill a command. If no handler is provided, a default Guzzle handler will be utilized.',
            'fn'       => [__CLASS__, '_apply_handler'],
            'default'  => [__CLASS__, '_default_handler']
        ],
        'ua_append' => [
            'type'     => 'value',
            'valid'    => ['string', 'array'],
            'doc'      => 'Provide a string or array of strings to send in the User-Agent header.',
            'fn'       => [__CLASS__, '_apply_user_agent'],
            'default'  => [],
        ],
        'idempotency_auto_fill' => [
            'type'      => 'value',
            'valid'     => ['bool', 'callable'],
            'doc'       => 'Set to false to disable SDK to populate parameters that enabled \'idempotencyToken\' trait with a random UUID v4 value on your behalf. Using default value \'true\' still allows parameter value to be overwritten when provided. Note: auto-fill only works when cryptographically secure random bytes generator functions(random_bytes, openssl_random_pseudo_bytes or mcrypt_create_iv) can be found. You may also provide a callable source of random bytes.',
            'default'   => true,
            'fn'        => [__CLASS__, '_apply_idempotency_auto_fill']
        ],
    ];

    /**
     * Gets an array of default client arguments, each argument containing a
     * hash of the following:
     *
     * - type: (string, required) option type described as follows:
     *   - value: The default option type.
     *   - config: The provided value is made available in the client's
     *     getConfig() method.
     * - valid: (array, required) Valid PHP types or class names. Note: null
     *   is not an allowed type.
     * - required: (bool, callable) Whether or not the argument is required.
     *   Provide a function that accepts an array of arguments and returns a
     *   string to provide a custom error message.
     * - default: (mixed) The default value of the argument if not provided. If
     *   a function is provided, then it will be invoked to provide a default
     *   value. The function is provided the array of options and is expected
     *   to return the default value of the option. The default value can be a
     *   closure and can not be a callable string that is not  part of the
     *   defaultArgs array.
     * - doc: (string) The argument documentation string.
     * - fn: (callable) Function used to apply the argument. The function
     *   accepts the provided value, array of arguments by reference, and an
     *   event emitter.
     *
     * Note: Order is honored and important when applying arguments.
     *
     * @return array
     */
    public static function getDefaultArguments()
    {
        return self::$defaultArgs;
    }

    /**
     * @param array $argDefinitions Client arguments.
     */
    public function __construct(array $argDefinitions)
    {
        $this->argDefinitions = $argDefinitions;
    }

    /**
     * Resolves client configuration options and attached event listeners.
     * Check for missing keys in passed arguments
     *
     * @param array       $args Provided constructor arguments.
     * @param HandlerList $list Handler list to augment.
     *
     * @return array Returns the array of provided options.
     * @throws \InvalidArgumentException
     * @see Aws\AwsClient::__construct for a list of available options.
     */
    public function resolve(array $args, HandlerList $list)
    {
        $args['config'] = [];
        foreach ($this->argDefinitions as $key => $a) {
            // Add defaults, validate required values, and skip if not set.
            if (!isset($args[$key])) {
                if (isset($a['default'])) {
                    // Merge defaults in when not present.
                    if (is_callable($a['default'])
                        && (
                            is_array($a['default'])
                            || $a['default'] instanceof \Closure
                        )
                    ) {
                        $args[$key] = $a['default']($args);
                    } else {
                        $args[$key] = $a['default'];
                    }
                } elseif (empty($a['required'])) {
                    continue;
                } else {
                    $this->throwRequired($args);
                }
            }

            // Validate the types against the provided value.
            foreach ($a['valid'] as $check) {
                if (isset(self::$typeMap[$check])) {
                    $fn = self::$typeMap[$check];
                    if ($fn($args[$key])) {
                        goto is_valid;
                    }
                } elseif ($args[$key] instanceof $check) {
                    goto is_valid;
                }
            }

            $this->invalidType($key, $args[$key]);

            // Apply the value
            is_valid:
            if (isset($a['fn'])) {
                $a['fn']($args[$key], $args, $list);
            }

            if ($a['type'] === 'config') {
                $args['config'][$key] = $args[$key];
            }
        }

        return $args;
    }

    /**
     * Creates a verbose error message for an invalid argument.
     *
     * @param string $name        Name of the argument that is missing.
     * @param array  $args        Provided arguments
     * @param bool   $useRequired Set to true to show the required fn text if
     *                            available instead of the documentation.
     * @return string
     */
    private function getArgMessage($name, $args = [], $useRequired = false)
    {
        $arg = $this->argDefinitions[$name];
        $msg = '';
        $modifiers = [];
        if (isset($arg['valid'])) {
            $modifiers[] = implode('|', $arg['valid']);
        }
        if (isset($arg['choice'])) {
            $modifiers[] = 'One of ' . implode(', ', $arg['choice']);
        }
        if ($modifiers) {
            $msg .= '(' . implode('; ', $modifiers) . ')';
        }
        $msg = wordwrap("{$name}: {$msg}", 75, "\n  ");

        if ($useRequired && is_callable($arg['required'])) {
            $msg .= "\n\n  ";
            $msg .= str_replace("\n", "\n  ", call_user_func($arg['required'], $args));
        } elseif (isset($arg['doc'])) {
            $msg .= wordwrap("\n\n  {$arg['doc']}", 75, "\n  ");
        }

        return $msg;
    }

    /**
     * Throw when an invalid type is encountered.
     *
     * @param string $name     Name of the value being validated.
     * @param mixed  $provided The provided value.
     * @throws \InvalidArgumentException
     */
    private function invalidType($name, $provided)
    {
        $expected = implode('|', $this->argDefinitions[$name]['valid']);
        $msg = "Invalid configuration value "
            . "provided for \"{$name}\". Expected {$expected}, but got "
            . describe_type($provided) . "\n\n"
            . $this->getArgMessage($name);
        throw new IAE($msg);
    }

    /**
     * Throws an exception for missing required arguments.
     *
     * @param array $args Passed in arguments.
     * @throws \InvalidArgumentException
     */
    private function throwRequired(array $args)
    {
        $missing = [];
        foreach ($this->argDefinitions as $k => $a) {
            if (empty($a['required'])
                || isset($a['default'])
                || isset($args[$k])
            ) {
                continue;
            }
            $missing[] = $this->getArgMessage($k, $args, true);
        }
        $msg = "Missing required client configuration options: \n\n";
        $msg .= implode("\n\n", $missing);
        throw new IAE($msg);
    }

    public static function _apply_retries($value, array &$args, HandlerList $list)
    {
        if ($value) {
            $decider = RetryMiddleware::createDefaultDecider($value);
            $list->appendSign(
                Middleware::retry($decider, null, $args['stats']['retries']),
                'retry'
            );
        }
    }

    public static function _apply_credentials($value, array &$args)
    {
        if (is_callable($value)) {
            return;
        } elseif ($value instanceof CredentialsInterface) {
            $args['credentials'] = CredentialProvider::fromCredentials($value);
        } elseif (is_array($value)
            && isset($value['key'])
            && isset($value['secret'])
        ) {
            $args['credentials'] = CredentialProvider::fromCredentials(
                new Credentials(
                    $value['key'],
                    $value['secret'],
                    isset($value['token']) ? $value['token'] : null,
                    isset($value['expires']) ? $value['expires'] : null
                )
            );
        } elseif ($value === false) {
            $args['credentials'] = CredentialProvider::fromCredentials(
                new Credentials('', '')
            );
            $args['config']['signature_version'] = 'anonymous';
        } elseif ($value instanceof CacheInterface) {
            $args['credentials'] = CredentialProvider::defaultProvider($args);
        } else {
            throw new IAE('Credentials must be an instance of '
                . 'Aws\Credentials\CredentialsInterface, an associative '
                . 'array that contains "key", "secret", and an optional "token" '
                . 'key-value pairs, a credentials provider function, or false.');
        }
    }

    public static function _apply_api_provider(callable $value, array &$args)
    {
        $api = new Service(
            ApiProvider::resolve(
                $value,
                'api',
                $args['service'],
                $args['version']
            ),
            $value
        );

        if (
            empty($args['config']['signing_name'])
            && isset($api['metadata']['signingName'])
        ) {
            $args['config']['signing_name'] = $api['metadata']['signingName'];
        }

        $args['api'] = $api;
        $args['parser'] = Service::createParser($api);
        $args['error_parser'] = Service::createErrorParser($api->getProtocol());
    }

    public static function _apply_endpoint_provider(callable $value, array &$args)
    {
        if (!isset($args['endpoint'])) {
            $endpointPrefix = isset($args['api']['metadata']['endpointPrefix'])
                ? $args['api']['metadata']['endpointPrefix']
                : $args['service'];

            // Invoke the endpoint provider and throw if it does not resolve.
            $result = EndpointProvider::resolve($value, [
                'service' => $endpointPrefix,
                'region'  => $args['region'],
                'scheme'  => $args['scheme']
            ]);

            $args['endpoint'] = $result['endpoint'];

            if (
                empty($args['config']['signature_version'])
                && isset($result['signatureVersion'])
            ) {
                $args['config']['signature_version']
                    = $result['signatureVersion'];
            }

            if (
                empty($args['config']['signing_region'])
                && isset($result['signingRegion'])
            ) {
                $args['config']['signing_region'] = $result['signingRegion'];
            }

            if (
                empty($args['config']['signing_name'])
                && isset($result['signingName'])
            ) {
                $args['config']['signing_name'] = $result['signingName'];
            }
        }
    }

    public static function _apply_serializer($value, array &$args, HandlerList $list)
    {
        $list->prependBuild(Middleware::requestBuilder($value), 'builder');
    }

    public static function _apply_debug($value, array &$args, HandlerList $list)
    {
        if ($value !== false) {
            $list->interpose(new TraceMiddleware($value === true ? [] : $value));
        }
    }

    public static function _apply_stats($value, array &$args, HandlerList $list)
    {
        // Create an array of stat collectors that are disabled (set to false)
        // by default. If the user has passed in true, enable all stat
        // collectors.
        $defaults = array_fill_keys(
            ['http', 'retries', 'timer'],
            $value === true
        );
        $args['stats'] = is_array($value)
            ? array_replace($defaults, $value)
            : $defaults;

        if ($args['stats']['timer']) {
            $list->prependInit(Middleware::timer(), 'timer');
        }
    }

    public static function _apply_profile($_, array &$args)
    {
        $args['credentials'] = CredentialProvider::ini($args['profile']);
    }

    public static function _apply_validate($value, array &$args, HandlerList $list)
    {
        if ($value === false) {
            return;
        }

        $validator = $value === true
            ? new Validator()
            : new Validator($value);
        $list->appendValidate(
            Middleware::validation($args['api'], $validator),
            'validation'
        );
    }

    public static function _apply_handler($value, array &$args, HandlerList $list)
    {
        $list->setHandler($value);
    }

    public static function _default_handler(array &$args)
    {
        return new WrappedHttpHandler(
            default_http_handler(),
            $args['parser'],
            $args['error_parser'],
            $args['exception_class'],
            $args['stats']['http']
        );
    }

    public static function _apply_http_handler($value, array &$args, HandlerList $list)
    {
        $args['handler'] = new WrappedHttpHandler(
            $value,
            $args['parser'],
            $args['error_parser'],
            $args['exception_class'],
            $args['stats']['http']
        );
    }

    public static function _apply_user_agent($value, array &$args, HandlerList $list)
    {
        if (!is_array($value)) {
            $value = [$value];
        }

        $value = array_map('strval', $value);

        array_unshift($value, 'aws-sdk-php/' . Sdk::VERSION);
        $args['ua_append'] = $value;

        $list->appendBuild(static function (callable $handler) use ($value) {
            return function (
                CommandInterface $command,
                RequestInterface $request
            ) use ($handler, $value) {
                return $handler($command, $request->withHeader(
                    'User-Agent',
                    implode(' ', array_merge(
                        $value,
                        $request->getHeader('User-Agent')
                    ))
                ));
            };
        });
    }

    public static function _apply_endpoint($value, array &$args, HandlerList $list)
    {
        $parts = parse_url($value);
        if (empty($parts['scheme']) || empty($parts['host'])) {
            throw new IAE(
                'Endpoints must be full URIs and include a scheme and host'
            );
        }

        $args['endpoint'] = $value;
    }

    public static function _apply_idempotency_auto_fill(
        $value,
        array &$args,
        HandlerList $list
    ) {
        $enabled = false;
        $generator = null;

        if (is_bool($value)) {
            $enabled = $value;
        } elseif (is_callable($value)) {
            $enabled = true;
            $generator = $value;
        }

        if ($enabled) {
            $list->prependInit(
                IdempotencyTokenMiddleware::wrap($args['api'], $generator),
                'idempotency_auto_fill'
            );
        }
    }

    public static function _default_endpoint_provider(array $args)
    {
        return PartitionEndpointProvider::defaultProvider()
            ->getPartition($args['region'], $args['service']);
    }

    public static function _default_serializer(array $args)
    {
        return Service::createSerializer(
            $args['api'],
            $args['endpoint']
        );
    }

    public static function _default_signature_provider()
    {
        return SignatureProvider::defaultProvider();
    }

    public static function _default_signature_version(array &$args)
    {
        if (isset($args['config']['signature_version'])) {
            return $args['config']['signature_version'];
        }

        $args['__partition_result'] = isset($args['__partition_result'])
            ? isset($args['__partition_result'])
            : call_user_func(PartitionEndpointProvider::defaultProvider(), [
                'service' => $args['service'],
                'region' => $args['region'],
            ]);

        return isset($args['__partition_result']['signatureVersion'])
            ? $args['__partition_result']['signatureVersion']
            : $args['api']->getSignatureVersion();
    }

    public static function _default_signing_name(array &$args)
    {
        if (isset($args['config']['signing_name'])) {
            return $args['config']['signing_name'];
        }

        $args['__partition_result'] = isset($args['__partition_result'])
            ? isset($args['__partition_result'])
            : call_user_func(PartitionEndpointProvider::defaultProvider(), [
                'service' => $args['service'],
                'region' => $args['region'],
            ]);

        if (isset($args['__partition_result']['signingName'])) {
            return $args['__partition_result']['signingName'];
        }

        if ($signingName = $args['api']->getSigningName()) {
            return $signingName;
        }

        return $args['service'];
    }

    public static function _default_signing_region(array &$args)
    {
        if (isset($args['config']['signing_region'])) {
            return $args['config']['signing_region'];
        }

        $args['__partition_result'] = isset($args['__partition_result'])
            ? isset($args['__partition_result'])
            : call_user_func(PartitionEndpointProvider::defaultProvider(), [
                'service' => $args['service'],
                'region' => $args['region'],
            ]);

        return isset($args['__partition_result']['signingRegion'])
            ? $args['__partition_result']['signingRegion']
            : $args['region'];
    }

    public static function _missing_version(array $args)
    {
        $service = isset($args['service']) ? $args['service'] : '';
        $versions = ApiProvider::defaultProvider()->getVersions($service);
        $versions = implode("\n", array_map(function ($v) {
            return "* \"$v\"";
        }, $versions)) ?: '* (none found)';

        return <<<EOT
A "version" configuration value is required. Specifying a version constraint
ensures that your code will not be affected by a breaking change made to the
service. For example, when using Amazon S3, you can lock your API version to
"2006-03-01".

Your build of the SDK has the following version(s) of "{$service}": {$versions}

You may provide "latest" to the "version" configuration value to utilize the
most recent available API version that your client's API provider can find.
Note: Using 'latest' in a production application is not recommended.

A list of available API versions can be found on each client's API documentation
page: http://docs.aws.amazon.com/aws-sdk-php/v3/api/index.html. If you are
unable to load a specific API version, then you may need to update your copy of
the SDK.
EOT;
    }

    public static function _missing_region(array $args)
    {
        $service = isset($args['service']) ? $args['service'] : '';

        return <<<EOT
A "region" configuration value is required for the "{$service}" service
(e.g., "us-west-2"). A list of available public regions and endpoints can be
found at http://docs.aws.amazon.com/general/latest/gr/rande.html.
EOT;
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


The Tavella nativity, designed by Bernardi, is one of the larger crib ensembles, with typically oriental characteristics of the figures. The holy family, showing traditional postures, is visited by many Shepherds, some of them playing instruments, some holding a lamb or offering bread. There are also water carriers, a girl, a page and a selection of different angels which can be assembled to a fine, atmospheric scenery.


Have you read this article, posted online by the University of Missouri's Department of Religious Studies? It's on the unemployment rates for various degrees, and fields in the Humanities are far lower than the "crisis in the humanities" rhetoric portrays it.
From the "your undergrad degree does not necessarily determine your life's trajectory" files comes this interesting article on the much headlined (but, according to this author's research, mythic) shortage of STEM researchers (STEM = science, technology, engineering, and math).


text:
About Wageningen Food Safety Research
Wageningen Food Safety Research is a merger of RIKILT of Wageningen University & Research and the Laboratory for Feed and Food Safety of the Netherlands Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority (NVWA). The new institute is part of Wageningen University & Research and is operational as of 1 June 2019.
Currently, both RIKILT and LabVV of the NVWA are conducting tasks related to research and laboratory work for safe food and animal feeds. The merger of these two organisations creates a unique institute in which analyses, research and knowledge are combined.
For more information about the background of the fusion, we refer you to the letter to Parliament titled 'Fusie Laboratoria' dated 7 June 2018.
The mission of Wageningen Food Safety Research
Wageningen Food Safety Research contributes to safe and trustworthy food and feed by conducting high-quality and independent research through analyses, developing new methods, forensic and scientific research and risk analyses and assessments. This organisation also provides solicited and unsolicited advice to government authorities.
The largest client of Wageningen Food Safety Research is the government, in particular the Netherlands Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority and the Dutch Ministry of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality and the Dutch Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sport.
Contact JPC (Jeannette) Leenders
Your partner in top research
Food Safety Research.pdf (1,76 mb)
Food fraud and Composition
Effects of substances on humans and animals
Measuring and detecting substances
Safe food production
Software and downloads
Vacancies and internships
Food Safety Research Click to expand
About Wageningen Food Safety Research Click to expand

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text: select count(*) from hive1_fewtypes_null_parquet where cast(interval_col as interval day) is null;


I'm working on a situation where I suspect an individual, along with several accomplices, have faked a murder to escape prosecution as well as divert attention and help cover there exit. I also suspect Insurance fraud might of been involved to fund the scheme. I know who the executor of the estate was, but I need to quietly figure out if the person first had any Life Insurance, and if so, who the benefiturary was. How can one go about quietly finding out (so not to spook the people involved) if this person had Life Insurance, and if so what company it was issued by? I would appreacite any and all help provided.
Can't be done. If a crime is involved, this is a matter for law enforcement to investigate.


As a felon, you probably know that getting employment is one of the toughest thing. And, that is exactly why this website was designed. We are dedicated to providing felons with in-depth lists of jobs by city and state.
Our mission/goal is to be the number one resource page for felons seeking employment. We are dedicated to providing felons with in-depth lists of jobs by city and state. We connect felons with companies that are willing to hire them as well provide job training resources and we even have our very own job board available. We have a unique insight into the struggle as we have personally watched loved ones and friends struggle to obtain employment after acquiring a felon status. We know that you have made a mistake and we want to give you that second chance that you so desperately need.
You probably think there aren't many employers that are willing to hire felons. Well, that is not the case at all and we want to prove it to you.
Not only will a newly released felon have a hard time finding a job, but they are going to have a hard time acquiring housing. Find available housing.
There are a number of colleges available that provide financial aid and student assistance to felons. You can further your education.
Disclaimer: We always do our best to provide felons with the best possible resources and most likely employers to hire them. However, you have to remember that each specific company has its own specific hiring policies and the end decision will come down to the staff of the company.


Home History of Medicine Distributing blankets and clothing.
Title Distributing blankets and clothing.
Description Photograph of volunteers distributing blankets and clothing to Hurricane Beulah evacuees at the Fort Ringgold shelter. Part of the Dr. Mario E. Ramirez Hurricane Beulah Photograph Collection.


Ever considered studying for an accounting degree? Why not start your learning journey with one of our accounting courses? This qualification enables you to expand and establish your knowledge in accounting and upon completion of this course, you will be a fully qualified accountant. You will learn vital skills that are required when working as a finance professional, including managing budgets, making decisions and controlling accounts.
In this unit, you will learn how to prepare forecasts of income and expenditure, how to prepare budgets and report budgetary information to management and learn about the different ways you can demonstrate how budgeting can improve organisational performance.
On completion of this unit, you will sit a computer-based test at a local centre of your choice. Topics from this unit may also appear within the synoptic assessment.
This unit covers the skills and techniques used in accounting when making decisions and managing accounts. You will learn how to analyse costing techniques, calculate standard costing, analyse business information and evaluate a range of cost management techniques.
In this unit, you will explore key aspects of financial statements, such as the reporting frameworks and ethical principles that underpin financial reporting and the key features of a published set of financial statements. You will also learn how to draft statutory financial statements for a limited company and consolidated financial statements.
In this unit you will learn how to complete tax returns for limited companies, sole traders and partnerships. Once you have completed this unit, you will be able to provide advice on the UK's tax regime and advise business clients on tax reliefs, as well as prepare tax computations for sales.
On completion of this unit, you will sit a computer-based test at a local centre of your choice.
This unit looks at how to analyse the theories, principles and rules that underpin taxation systems, how to calculate a UK taxpayer's total income, national insurance and income tax. You will also look at the basics of inheritance tax within this unit.
In this unit you will look at how to demonstrate an understanding of the principles of auditing and the importance of professional ethics. You will learn how to evaluate the audit entity's system of internal control and audit procedures. This unit also covers key aspects of the planning process and audit procedures.
This unit covers the use of statistical techniques and financial information to prepare forecasts of cash receipts and payments, and the preparation of cash budgets. You will learn how to evaluate the principles of cash management and the different ways of investing surplus funds within organisational policies.
Completing this unit will enable you to analyse relevant legislation and contract law, critically analyse information from a variety of sources, evaluate a range of techniques to collect debts and critically evaluate credit control alongside organisational policies and procedures.
In this unit you will explore the role and responsibilities of the accounting function in an organisation. You will learn how to evaluate internal control systems and an organisation's accounting system. After completing this unit, you will be able to analyse recommendations made to improve an organisation's accounting system.
Once you have completed this unit and Unit 10, you will be ready to sit your synoptic exam.
This is an additional bonus unit that has been created to prepare you for the synoptic examination. You will recap all the key points you learnt about in units 1, 2 and 3. This allows you to revise appropriately for the synoptic examination until you feel fully prepared.


text:
What Did Tesla Do Now?
In many ways, Tesla — Elon Musk's lightning rod of a car company — is the perfect allegory for modern Silicon Valley. The ongoing psychodrama of personalities drowns out the amazing technical achievements that are happening all around us. While the latter is what will ultimately determine our future, it's the soap opera most of us can't turn away from.
As usual, this has been a real "Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde" kind of week for Tesla. It had a disastrous earnings report card, and Elon keeps creating all the wrong sorts of headlines. But in the middle of this maelstrom, the company announced a new chip that is going to eventually become the brain for their electric car. This chip is not just any chip — it will be able to make sense of a growing number of sensors that allow the car to become better and better at assisted (if not fully automated) driving.
As many of you know, I don't drive, and I often dream of owning a self-driving car. So, I have a vested interest in this. That (combined with good sense) is why I tend to ignore all the drama and focus on Tesla's technology related news. For the past few years, Elon has been making big claims about Tesla and fully autonomous vehicles, and I want to see if he's going to make good on his word. Needless to say, I tracked the coverage of the company's new chip very closely.
The chip news also interests me because recent history has shown that success comes from being vertically integrated. Apple became successful by taking control of its destiny and building its own chips and other components, relying less on outside suppliers, who tend to slow things down. (See Apple's botched bet on Intel.)
Tesla's desire to build its own systems isn't any different, especially since it is going to be facing more intense competition from more cash-rich rivals, such as Porsche, Audi, and BMW, who can afford to lock up component supplies.
If we are to believe that the car is the computer, it makes perfect sense for a company like Tesla to bet on its own silicon. Tesla's chief chip head, Peter Bannon, who was previously at Apple, talked about Tesla's full self-driving module and even elicited a response from Nvidia, one of the key players in the market of chips focused on neural networks. Nvidia's comment in a nutshell: We already do this and are developing even more powerful modules. They have to — that's their business.
Tesla's module is based on two AI chips — each one made of a CPU, a GPU, and deep learning accelerators. The module can deliver 144-trillion operations per second, making it capable of processing data from numerous sensors and other sources and running deep neural network algorithms. Ian Riches, an analyst with Strategy Analytics, told EE Times that this is "effectively the most powerful computer yet fitted to a production vehicle." And Tesla is going to make a next-generation module that will be more powerful and will consume a lot less power.
James Hamilton, VP and Distinguished Engineer at Amazon Web Services and one of my favorite thinkers and technologists, did a breakdown of the news and succinctly pointed out why this chip matters and what Tesla did well. "What I found most interesting is what they did to achieve the performance they needed with a relatively low performance, low-cost, and low-power memory subsystem," he said. With investment and time, the computer engines could improve for years to come. The big question, however, is this: Will Tesla, which is running low on cash these days, be able to pay for all the development in the future?
(Given the company's penchant for melodrama, I thought I'd end on a cliffhanger.)
This first appeared on my April 28, 2019, weekly newsletter. If you like to get this delivered to your inbox, just sign-up here, and I will take care of the rest.
America in decline?
Road Ra(n)ge
Details on Tesla's new big beefy chips
(Mickey) Drexler vs (Elon) Musk
Previous Previous post: Get Up, Stand Up
Next Next post: 5 stories I recommend that are worth reading


TSMC has prepared its facilities in April of next year for risk production at 5nm and the company then uses euv technology for up to fourteen layers. The switch would allow for 17.7 percent faster chips.
It is about risk production , with which it can take another year for the mass production of chips to start. TSMC itself expected earlier that this would be the end of 2019, beginning of 2020. Based on tests with Arm A72 cores, TSMC concludes that the 5nm node can produce 14.7 to 17.7 percent higher speeds compared to the 7nm node and that the chip surface can decrease by a factor of 1.8.
The Taiwanese chip company has, according to EETimes , the first tape out of a 7nm + chip for a customer behind it. The 7nm + process is TSMC's successor for the current 7nm production process, which produces, among other things, chips for Apple's A12 Bionic and Huawei's Kirin 980. Compared to 7nm, 7nm + results in a decrease in consumption of 6 to 12 percent, but it is not known what the speed improvements can be.
TSMC has euv for both 7nm + and 5nm, but at 7nm + this is only for four layers and for 5nm already for fourteen layers of chip production. The costs go up at the same time, according to a source of the EETimes. The total cost for a 7nm design would currently be $ 150 million, but this would increase to 200 to 250 million at 5nm. Ultimately, these costs have to decrease because ejects require less masks, which cost a lot of money.
TSMC seems to be the most advanced of the chip companies with its euv integration, although Samsung also uses euv for its 7nm node. Intel, however, takes a wait and see attitude and GlobalFoundries has completely stopped developing both 7nm and euv. The euv machines from the Veldhoven company ASML use extreme ultraviolet light to apply small patterns with a single exposure. This works time-saving and should yield better results than multipatterning in the current process based on immersion lithography. Euv can initially be used for several chip layers, but as the technique is improved, it must be possible to use it for more layers.


BRIDGEPORT, Conn. (AP) — Raiquan Clark scored 33 points on 14-of-22 shooting and hit the game-winning jumper with 1.3 seconds left to lift LIU Brooklyn over Fairfield 89-87 on Tuesday night.
Trailing 47-43 at halftime, Fairfield rallied to an 85-83 lead on Jonathan Kasibabu's 3-point play with 1:46 left. Julian Batts made 1 of 2 free throws and Clark hit a 3 with 37 seconds left for an 87-85 Blackbirds lead. Neftali Alvarez tied it with a layup with 24 seconds left, but Clark hit his jumper on the next possession for the win.
Tyrn Flowers hit six 3-pointers and scored a career-high 23 points, Raul Frias added 13 points and Jashaun Agosto 12 for LIU Brooklyn (3-0). The Blackbirds hit 13 of 25 3-pointers and shot 51.7 percent from the field to Fairfield's 50.8 percent.


Wall Street's main indexes were trading flat on Wednesd..
Having denied a Rs 400 crore lifeline by lenders, Jet Airway..
Miner Petra Diamonds plans to have a positive cash flow by t..
Bruce Flatt, CEO of Brookfield Asset Management, says going ..
Facing hostile takeover bid by Larsen & Toubro (L&T), midcap..
Markets regulator Sebi has barred Bengaluru-based Siyaram De..
Shares in Juventus plunged as much as a quarter in value on ..


text:
Munk Debates
Friday Focus
Back to Navigation
Religion | Munk Debates
Become a Munk Member
Be it resolved, religion is a force for good in the world...
CON gains 13%. CON wins
Audio file Transcript Get the Book
The Rise of China
Debate Detail
The Debaters
In a world of globalization and rapid social change, does religion provide the common values and ethical foundations that diverse societies need to thrive in the 21st century? Or, do deeply held religious beliefs promote intolerance, exacerbate ethnic divisions, and impede social progress in developing and developed nations alike?
Pre-debate
Post-debate
"Religious faith has a major part to play in shaping the values which guide the modern world, and can and should be a force for progress. "
Tony Blair served as Prime Minister of Great Britain and Northern Ireland from 1997 to 2007, the only Labour leader in the party's 100 year history to win three consecutive elections. After his resignation, he was appointed Special Envoy of the Quartet on the Middle East, an office which he held until 2015.
In 2008, he formed the Tony Blair Faith Foundation, a nonprofit group that "promotes respect and understanding about the world's religions through education and multi-faith action."
Since leaving office Tony Blair has spent most of his time working on three areas: supporting governments to deliver effectively for their people, working for peace in the Middle East, and countering extremism. He currently runs the Tony Blair Institute for Global Change where he focuses on addressing the difficult challenges in the world today, including how the centre ground of politics renews itself with practical policy solutions.
"If religious instruction were not allowed until the child had attained the age of reason, we would be living in a quite different world."
Christopher Hitchens was a British-American author, journalist and literary critic. He was a columnist at Vanity Fair, The Atlantic Monthly, The Nation, Slate, Free Inquiry, and a variety of other media outlets. Hitchens was also a political activist, whose best-selling books, flamboyance and erudition made him a staple of talk shows and lecture circuits.
An outspoken atheist and antitheist, Hitchens described himself as a believer in the Enlightenment values of secularism, humanism and reason. His 2007 best-selling book God is not Great: How Religion Poisons Everything suggests that organized religion is "violent, irrational, intolerant, allied to racism, tribalism, and bigotry, invested in ignorance and hostile to free inquiry, contemptuous of women and coercive toward children."
© 2019 Munk Debates. All rights reserved - [email protected]
Become a Free Member: sign-up here


First year Extended Diploma Musical Theatre students at York College are performing 'The Matchgirls', a musical by Bill Owen and Tony Russell, based on events around the London Matchgirls' strike of 1888.
The story tells of the appalling working conditions at the Bryant & May factory in Bow, where workers suffered from 'Phossy Jaw' (due to the white phosphorus from matches rotting their jaws away) and the ultimate rebellion of the women workers who railed against their working rights.
Featuring female factory workers living in shabby tenements, where the main character Kate (played by Lauren Gray and Hannah McClarron) turns into a reckless strike-leader, there's also a sub-plot about her complicated courtship with docker Joe (played by Thomas McGovern). As the story unfolds, Liberal reformer Annie Besant (played by Morgan Handley and Katie Wilkinson) champions the strikers, playing a vital part in bringing about the workers' ultimate victory over the callous management.
Thomas McGovern, aged 17 (formerly of Northallerton College) has fully embraced the male lead character of Joe, saying: "This role brought me out of my shell. I have enjoyed performing ever since primary school and I think this role has done wonders for my confidence." Thomas intends to progress to East 15 to study stage combat on leaving the College next year.


text:
Home News Spain Fears a European Second Wave of Coronavirus
Spain Fears a European Second Wave of Coronavirus
Shusree Mukherjee
Spain is undertaking newer measures to keep away an increase in the number of coronavirus cases. It seems that the country is living in the fear of a "second wave" of coronavirus, and more widespread following the same. While Catalonia has stepped up and closed down its nightlife for the upcoming two weeks, there is still a surge in cases around the north-eastern region. On the other hand, the UK has ordered people who are coming back from Spain.
Similar to the rules prevailing in France and Norway, a person coming back from Spain needs to self-isolate. The scenario is similar if we look at both Germany and France. There is a rise in the number of cases, and the government is trying newer measured to control the same. They are juggling between controlling the number of fresh cases and reopening the economies. Moreover, the rise in the number of cases in European countries is now surpassing the rate of increase in the rest of the world. The new record of numbers increasing every day is around 280,000 in the past two consecutive days.
According to the statement on July 25, by the World Health Organization (WHO), there is a reason for the rise in cases in specific countries. The size and population of South Asians and Americans are the major reason for the massive transmission here. As per the reports of the Johns Hopkins University, the total number of cases has exceeded 15.7 million. Moreover, the number of deaths has surpassed 640,000.
The present scenario of Spain
Does the present situation concern other states of Europe?
Let's look at the global figures
Other major developments
It was not even a month that the Government of Spain declared an end to the state of emergency that the unfortunate scenario started developing. There is a surge in the number of infections in most parts of the country. The cities that are witnessing the major threat of a second outbreak include Barcelona, Madrid, and Zaragoza. The Spanish government is on its toes warning and making people aware of the probable consequences.
The Catalonia government has issued an order to close down all late-night bars and nightclubs around the region for an upcoming couple of weeks. The Defense Ministry of Spain is trying to implement every measure to protect the military. There is a tracker system for early response in case there is an upturn in cases. On July 24, the Ministry of Health reported 900 fresh cases. Moreover, a second division football team, Fuenlabrada has now confirmed 28 cases. Guy Hedgecoe from BBC reports about Madrid's contagion condition. He says that the younger adults seem to be more prone to the virus right now. The major reason for the same is that they are constantly gathering in the cities at night.
READ Jamie Lynn Spears Defends Sister Britney Spears From Online Trolls
Starting from July 26, the UK has ordered that every person returning from Spain must self-isolate for the next 14days. The rule remains the same for both the Balearic Islands and the Canary Islands. Even though none of these places are a part of the new general warning list of the UK, it does fall under one of the places that fall in between the route. On the other hand, Norway has also announced the rule of quarantining for two weeks for everyone returning from Spain. On the contrary, France issues warning for its citizens not to travel to Catalonia at the moment.
It seems that the increase in the number of fresh cases is common in the majority of the states. However, the governments are still trying to keep the economies running. They are all hoping that the second outbreak, if any, will only be regionally limited. In this context, Belgium has taken an opposite step. The Belgian government decides to slow down the opening of the economy keeping in mind the increasing number of cases. On the other hand, Italy is restricting arrivals from Bulgaria and Romania. Everyone coming into Italy from either of these places must quarantine themselves for 14 days.
The decision is made after Italy witnessed a surge in the number of cases. Moreover, Jean Castex, Prime Minister of France has declared COVID-19 tests on the spot for people arriving from 16 countries where there is a constant rise in cases. According to the health ministry of France, the country is witnessing 1000-plus cases at least every day in the hospitals. Germany also announced compulsory testing for people returning from high-risk countries. The latter country is now witnessing what it seems like a peak in the number of new coronavirus cases.
READ Street Outlaws Star Chris Ellis Dies at 39 From a Drug Overdose
WHO says that the trajectory is still alarmingly upwards. The total figure has hit a quarter of a 3 million fresh cases as of July 24. Out of all other countries, one of the places of major concern in India. Here, the total number of confirmed cases is presently around 1.3 million. While there is a confirmation of 100,000 cases in just the past two days, experts believe that it is still not the worst. One of the notable cases is of the Chief Minister of Madhya Pradesh, Shivraj Singh Chouhan. He has been tested positive and is constantly warning people to be more careful. On the other hand, cases are rising at an increasing rate in the United States, South Africa, and Brazil too.
The other developments around include the case of Jair Bolsonaro, President of Brazil. He is now out of danger and has been tested negative for COVID-19 on Saturday, July 25. He suffered for more than two weeks and says that the credit for his recovery goes to hydroxychloroquine, which created quite a stir recently. However, medicine is yet to be proven as one of the perfect ones for coronavirus. All the New Year Eve's celebrations in Brazil that were to be held in Rio de Janeiro are canceled for 2020. Besides, Vietnam is now on high-alert after the news of the first locally transmitted case in Danang City.
Africa is one of the hardest hit with more than 10,000 health and medical workers being affected with COVID-19. Hong Kong also extended all the precautionary measures after the highest mark of daily infections was hit on Saturday, July 25. On the other hand, South Korea is also witnessing the highest number of daily cases presently, in comparison with the past three months. Japan has recorded the highest number of cases this week too.
europe lockdown coronavirus
spain coronavirus
spain lockdown
Previous articleThings to do in Tucumcari New Mexico
Next article5 Online Small Business Tools That Make You Look More Professional
Writing allows me to pour my heart out in words. So, that's what I've been doing for the past 6 years. I strive to bring in a change in the world by taking tiny steps of curating the right message that needs to be conveyed.
Bentley Reveals Plans: Motor Company Wants to Go Electric by 2030
Street Outlaws Star Chris Ellis Dies at 39 From a Drug Overdose
Jamie Lynn Spears Defends Sister Britney Spears From Online Trolls
In Business, Technology
The trading platform is more likely a market-place […]
Does my Car Insurance Policy Cover Riot Damage?
The last several weeks have seen unprecedented rioting […]
4 Things To Look Before Buying Term Insurance Policy
Insurance plans have been proven to be beneficial on […]
Essential Tips on How to Spot a Reliable Australian Medical Supplies Online
The Australian healthcare sector is one of the most […]
The Dangers of Driving a Truck While Drowsy
What are the dangers involved in driving a truck while […]
In Business, Digital Marketing
How Long Do Car Batteries Last? 5 Signs You Need a New One ASAP
How long do batteries last in a car? What affects the […]
The Biggest Casinos Online
In misc
Gamblers across the U.K. have become accustomed to […]
Women in Law: How To Succeed as a Woman in Business Law
In Jobs
What do you want to be when you grow up? It's a […]
Things to do in Tucumcari New Mexico
Tucumcari is a small town with lots of Wild West history. A railroad intersection, historical landmarks along with the legendary...


GearWrench 82806 4 Piece Large Ratcheting T Wrench Driver Kit – 1/2-Inch Drive – This product was exactly what I needed. The price was right and the shipping was right on time as advertised.
This Apex Tool Group that is ranked 561209 in the top most popular items in Amazon Best Sellers. The GearWrench 82806 4 Piece Large Ratcheting T Wrench Driver Kit – 1/2-Inch Drive are warranted according to the standard of the manufacturer. The product have been sold to many regions and countries. The guaranteed delivery options available: Usually ships in 24 hours.
When you find a recommended product for battery impact wrench reviews, this GearWrench 82806 4 Piece Large Ratcheting T Wrench Driver Kit – 1/2-Inch Drive is the best low-cost product on the web i have searched. I have found a lot of positive feedback on it. The Apex Tool Group is equipped with a large number of features that makes it great product. Here are the product which you are looking for, are now sold very well with a cheap promotion price. Don't miss this opportunity – it may never come again.
What is the GearWrench 82806 4 Piece Large Ratcheting T Wrench Driver Kit – 1/2-Inch Drive good for?
I have found most affordable price of GearWrench 82806 4 Piece Large Ratcheting T Wrench Driver Kit – 1/2-Inch Drive from Amazon store. It offers fast and free shipping. Best battery impact wrench for sale will be limited stock of certain product and discount only for limited time, so do order now to get the best deals. Before you buy, check to see if a product is available online at store, read and compare experiences customers have had with battery impact wrench below.
All the latest best battery impact wrench reviews consumer reports are written by real customers on websites. You should read more consumer reviews and answered questions about GearWrench 82806 4 Piece Large Ratcheting T Wrench Driver Kit – 1/2-Inch Drive below.


text:
Nota: Esta página é sobre o futebolista paraguaio. Para outros significados consulte Gamarra

Roberto Carlos Gamarra Acosta (Caazapá, 11 de maio de 1981) é um futebolista paraguaio que atua como atacante. Atualmente está no General Díaz do Paraguai.

Futebolistas do Paraguai
Futebolistas do Club Atlético 3 de Febrero
Futebolistas do Club Nacional
Futebolistas do Tacuary Football Club
Futebolistas do Club Libertad
Futebolistas do Cúcuta Deportivo
Futebolistas do Club Deportivo O'Higgins
Futebolistas do Club Deportes Tolima
Futebolistas do Club Sportivo Luqueño
Futebolistas do Club Sportivo San Lorenzo

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
package fi.testee.jdbc;

import fi.testee.exceptions.TestEEfiException;
import fi.testee.utils.JdbcUtils;
import fi.testee.utils.ProxyUtils;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Proxy;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.SQLFeatureNotSupportedException;
import java.util.function.Supplier;
import java.util.logging.Logger;

import static java.util.Arrays.asList;

/**
 * Implementation of a {@link DataSource}.
 *
 * @author Alex Stockinger, IT-Stockinger
 */
class TesteeDataSource implements DataSource {
    private static final org.slf4j.Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TesteeDataSource.class);

    private final String name;
    private final Supplier<Connection> connectionFactory;

    private Connection connection;
    private PrintWriter out;
    private int loginTimeout;

    TesteeDataSource(final String name, final Supplier<Connection> connectionFactory) {
        this.name = name;
        this.connectionFactory = connectionFactory;
    }

    @Override
    public Connection getConnection() throws SQLException {
        return safe(ProxyUtils.lazy(() -> {
            synchronized (TesteeDataSource.this) {
                if (connection == null) {
                    LOG.debug("Creating connection {}", name);
                    connection = connectionFactory.get();
                    try {
                        connection.setAutoCommit(false);
                    } catch (final SQLException e) {
                        throw new TestEEfiException("Failed to set auto-commit to false on JDBC connection", e);
                    }
                }
                return connection;
            }
        }, Connection.class));
    }

    private static Connection safe(final Connection connection) {
        return (Connection) Proxy.newProxyInstance(
                TesteeDataSource.class.getClassLoader(),
                new Class<?>[]{Connection.class},
                (proxy, method, args) -> {
                    try {
                        if (asList("close", "commit", "rollback", "setAutoCommit").contains(method.getName())) {
                            return null;
                        }
                        return method.invoke(connection, args);
                    } catch (final InvocationTargetException e) {
                        throw e.getTargetException();
                    }
                }
        );
    }

    @Override
    public Connection getConnection(final String username, final String password) throws SQLException {
        return getConnection();
    }

    @Override
    public <T> T unwrap(final Class<T> iface) throws SQLException {
        throw new SQLException("Don't know how to unwrap to " + iface.getName());
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isWrapperFor(final Class<?> iface) throws SQLException {
        return false;
    }

    @Override
    public PrintWriter getLogWriter() throws SQLException {
        return out;
    }

    @Override
    public void setLogWriter(final PrintWriter out) throws SQLException {
        this.out = out;
    }

    @Override
    public void setLoginTimeout(int seconds) throws SQLException {
        this.loginTimeout = seconds;
    }

    @Override
    public int getLoginTimeout() throws SQLException {
        return loginTimeout;
    }

    @Override
    public Logger getParentLogger() throws SQLFeatureNotSupportedException {
        throw new SQLFeatureNotSupportedException("JUL not used");
    }

    void rollback() throws SQLException {
        withConnection(c -> {
            LOG.debug("Rolling back connection {} on {}", name, this);
            c.rollback();
        });
    }

    void commit() throws SQLException {
        withConnection(c -> {
            LOG.debug("Committing connection {} on {}", name, this);
            c.commit();
        });
    }

    void close() throws SQLException {
        withConnection(c -> {
            LOG.debug("Closing connection to {} on {}", name, this);
            c.close();
        });
    }

    private void withConnection(final JdbcUtils.JdbcConsumer<Connection> runnable) throws SQLException {
        if (connection != null) {
            runnable.run(connection);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "TesteeDataSource{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}


text:
Ivanovic Opens Santa Ponsa Tennis Club
Ana Ivanovic joined Toni Nadal and Carlos Moya to officially open the Santa Ponsa Tennis Club with Wimbledon flair in Mallorca.
Carlos Moy, Peer Zebergs (tournament director), Ana Ivanovic, Toni Nadal and organizer Edwin Weindorfer at Santa Ponsa Tennis Club (photo: e/motion)
SANTA PONSA, May 18, 2016
2008 French Open champion Ana Ivanovic, 1998 Roland Garros winner Carlos Moya and Toni Nadal, one of the most popular Majorcan as well as coach and uncle of Rafael Nadal stepped into action to officially open the new Santa Ponsa Tennis Club. On Tuesday, the trio hit first balls on the grass court, which is supposed to meet the highest Wimbledon standards. They also used the same balls.
"Without the support from the All England Lawn Tennis Club, it would have been impossible to create such an unique venue with six grass courts as well as five hard courts," explained Edwin Weindorfer, organizer of the new $250,000 WTA Mallorca Open, held from 13 to 19 June 2016.
Garbine Murguruza will headline the inaugural edition joined by more than 10 players from the top 50. Ana Ivanovic as well as a "German Armada" will also come to the Balearic Island.
When Ivanovic was 14 years-old she spent some time in Mallorca in order to participate in training camps. As a former world number one, she has returned to the Spanish island and lives in her own appartment.
First serves on centre court
"I am really looking forward to playing here. The island is one of the most popular spots in Europe and attracts players to compete in perfect conditions. I do have a holiday home here, so I have a special preference for the island. I can only recommend to everyone to discover the beauty of the island," the 28-year-old Belgrade native told.
"I am really happy that e/motion and the WTA made it possible to put this spectacular grass court event on the tennis calendar. I try to be as involved as possible to lead this tournament to success. I am convinced that the venue will also benefit from the women's tournament with a special Wimbledon flair."
Carlos Moya will also remain part of the event. The former world number one will compete in an exhibition tournament, called "Toni Nadal Trohy", which is going to be held on "Super-Monday", 20th June. Austrian youngster Dominic Thiem, Germany's number one Philipp Kohlschreiber and Spanish top-player Feliciano López will join the veteran.
Further information via http://www.mallorcaopen.org
This entry was posted in WTA International Mallorca Open and tagged Ana Ivanovic, Carlos Moya, Mallorca Open, Toni Nadal, WTA.


Additional information on the internet submission of recommendations are found in the Embark program technique. When you're operating at the assignment, you have to make sure that you conduct yourself at a business like and proficient technique. Your personal statement should consist of adequate depth to give an introduction and knowledge, however, not really much detail viewers bore.
You will publish your file . College admissions committees would love exactly what you've discovered from your experiences along with to figure out about your targets and values. Aims that are making can definitely help you better your teaching livelihood.
a simple learning application, you can instruct your kid assist your son or daughter achieve fantastic reading skills and to read in a youthful age. It'll soon be more easy to allow them if kiddies know to obey house. In fact, it would be smart to expose children to Yoga classes.
If a college application supplies you with a prompt that is distinct make certain you write on such a matter rather than something else. The thought of a wellness journal for your college students is probably the most easy tasks frequently overlooked. Once a question is asked by your baby run an internet hunt to get the solution.
Realestate is not any distinct. Purchasing Some mortgage businesses have special packages for college pupils who is able to get property or a flat and sublet rooms.
investigate. The statement can create the gap and also can be a vital portion of the applying procedure. Financial invoices can likewise be prepared as essential to work with you to take care of your company enterprise enterprise.
Applicants have to demonstrate the capability to grab the reader's awareness as they may possibly catch that of students. The JET Programme is hunting for women and men that is able to stand for their own civilization. Overall health classes would be the 1 type that's opportunity by engaging students to earn a gap.
Thus choosing the cornerstone of information outside there from sort of economic announcements could bring outcomes. Our agency may take your satisfaction of the job. The method of quality bookkeeping and finance personal statement is to select the advice to put in your essay.
Students examine the invoice that is own and have no any hint. You'll need some guidance in the event you will need to create an excellent announcement that is MBA.
Nevertheless, students thinking about purely apps that are implemented should additionally gain from lots of our hints. Ensure you know of the range of times experience your class supplier requires so it is likely to allow them to understand about just as much while they must hear about. Given your experience, you can wish to talk about your plans .
For people who haven't written just earlier, you need to begin by reading through our tips about how to compose a statement. Which means you've published your statement. However, it's still not quite best. This really is one of the absolute most important parts of one's CV.
Find out examples else you will need to prepare to receive a teaching job. For those who have experience in the classroom for a teaching assistant, highlight that work to demonstrate that you're all set to work with students. Write about the courses you want to teach.
Each LEA or faculty sets Flat-rate costs. Announcements are employed for work in the personal industry.
The collection of invaluable and technical comprehension is an means to analyze your financing. The thought of the wellness diary for the college students is probably the least difficult tasks yet over looked. Be certain you own a plan.
Furthermore, a personal announcement writing lesson to some Powerpoint demonstration slide show could be exhibited for the class the moment the computer display of the demonstration is projected onto a extensive display screen. That was an assortment. Barriers which aren't simple to bridge, even in the slightest are regularly created by the shortage of expertise.
In the near order of parenting, you may possibly wind up as being truly a terrific mum or dad, also for this reason, it would be stated you get a in that region. An idea which is starting to put now on a great deal of favor in circles is the notion of adjusted compared to growth mind sets. By focusing on the words of your objective in your location, begin and soon after which go to connect the picture or pictures of things you'd really want to manifest.
Inside the past paragraph, Moreover you are going to be able to sum up the reason you might be good for the project. In the event you don't have enough time for writing your own announcement or you're confused in regards to the content, we're here to aid you. Your own personal statement ought to be both succinct, informative and enjoyable also ought to be more understandable to all readers.
Once you have questions regarding the teaching anticipations of the position, don't be scared to speak to the mind of the search committee. While the teacher, it's going to be your duty to detect the group to get out who will work nicely like a leader. A tremendous step of progress was teaching myself a few simple small business fund.
The way to create a solid thesis paper?


Get your WWE Summerslam Preview right here on Jabroni U. The boys are back for another extra special episode of Jabroni U… Daniel, Drew and Jabroni James are back baby, and they're joined by Andy "A-Train" Liner from The Draft Podcast to talk about the next big WWE Pay-Per-View!
Who do you think will win? What crazy twists do you think will happen? Will Baron Corbin take the bell? Find out here!
Hit us up on Twitter @JabroniU!!


Baienwei'company produces a family of binary AlSi alloys products,and the alloy products are finding increasing use in the electronics industry for a wide range of applications,for example,the RF/Microwave packages and carries,IC package housing,sensor's housing and carrier,optical device and so on.
Al-Si controlled expansion alloys possess the lower weight-adjustable coefficient of thermal expansion( CTE)-high thermal conductivity features.Aluminum Silicon alloys are lightweight, high thermal conductivity alloys that are increasingly being used for RF & microwave packages, electro-optical housing, power device base plates and other critical heat sinking applications. The manufacture of these packages requires the Al-Si body containing the electronics to be hermetic sealed using Aluminum 4047 lids. The heat sensitivity of the weld requires the use of a pulsed laser, however welding alloys with a silicon content over 27% becomes increasingly problematic due to cracking of the Al-Si alloy. This is due to the weakness of the Al-Si alloy under the solidification forces of the weld. The thermal performance advantage of the higher silicon content alloys has great potential for significantly improving power handling of the packages. Therefore, a welding process was developed using pulse shaping and a minimized average power approach that eliminated cracking in alloys with up to 40% silicon.
These controlled expansion alloys are offered in a range of weight proportions of silicon and aluminum from 70Si-30Al to 27Si-73Al, with CTE's 7 to 17 ppm/°C respectively. The specific applications of these alloys in summarized below table. Aside from tailoring the CTE, the key advantages these alloys over materials such as kovar and Cu-W are reduced weight, high stiffness and ease of manufacture.
Commonly electronic packaging;Circuit boardstiffener;Heat sink/spreader for avionic/telecommunications.
RF & microwave packages;High-brightness(HB)LED;Electro-optical housing;High-power laser substrate.


text:
Dumped East West Link to Cost $420M
by Sourceable
June 16th, 2015 7,922 Total Views
Victorians are paying $420 million for the state government to walk away from the East West Link road project it dumped as part of an election promise.
A final agreement with the East West Link consortium has been reached, Treasurer Tim Pallas told reporters on Monday.
The cost to the state will be $339 million spent by the East West consortium on design and pre-construction expenses, and $81 million spent setting up a credit facility for the project, he said.
The opposition insists the true cost to taxpayers is up to $881 million, and says the costs continue to climb.
They estimate these costs include $200 million spent in land acquisitions, $176 million in project development such as drilling, soil testing, and engineering, legal and professional services.
Shadow treasurer Michael O'Brien, who signed a controversial side letter guaranteeing payout to the consortium if their project was abandoned, called the walk away costs a "monstrous" waste of public funds.
However, Mr Pallas said the East West Link project is now behind the government.
"While not a cause for celebration, it allows Victorians to move forward and focus on the projects that stack up."
Mr Pallas said the state government had renegotiated the line of credit for the dumped road project so it would now go towards the building of the Melbourne Metro Rail project.
A $3.1 billion bond agreement would be available for the Metro Rail project, which is estimated to cost up to $11 billion.
The rail project has now secured $4.5 billion in funding, including the $1.5 billion provided in the last Victorian budget.
By Mariza O'Keefe
News briefs produced and circulated by the editorial team at Sourceable.net
Infrastructure Boom Will Stabilise Construction Employment
Australia's Rail Construction Boom Will be Massive
Road Pavement Treatments Put to the Test


text:
'Enchanted' explores visual history of the Andes in Menil Collection exhibit
The works will be on display through Nov. 14
Amber Elliott	July 30, 2021Updated: August 2, 2021, 11:04 am
Christopher Blay, news editor for art-news site Glasstire and future chief curator for the Houston Museum of African-American Culture, looks at artwork during a media tour of the exhibition "Enchanted: Visual Histories of the Central Andes," on Wednesday, July 28, 2021, at The Menil Collection in Houston.
Photo: Jon Shapley, Houston Chronicle / Staff photographer
An intensely yellow wall announces the arrival of a new exhibition at the Menil Collection. It's a head-turning hue — appearing marigold from some angles and almost ivory from others.
A small, ceramic object is fashioned squarely at its center. Behind a glass case, "Blackware Single-Spout Vessel Depicting Bird Pecking on Fruit" offers a striking contrast against the floor-to-ceiling panel and hints at what's to come.
Juxtaposition is a central theme of "Enchanted: Visual Histories of the Central Andes," explains Paul R. Davis, curator of collections. There are more than 40 ceramics, textiles and pieces of festival dress from the western side of South America on display. A selection of gelatin silver photographs by Pierre Verger adds narration and context, Davis says.
The exhibition, running through Nov. 14, is timed to coincide with the 200th anniversary of Peru's independence. "Enchanted" showcases a mixture of works from both the Menil's permanent collection and artwork on loan from the Museum of International Folk Art in Santa Fe, N.M.
'Enchanted: Visual Histories of the Central Andes'
When: 11 a.m.-7 p.m. Wednesdays-Sundays, through Nov. 14
Where: Menil Collection, 1533 Sul Ross
Details: free; 713-525-9400; menil.org/
As the Menil's first exhibition of archaeological material and visual culture from the region, museum staffers compiled an online publication of essays from notable Andean scholars to provide deeper insight.
Like why that wall is so yellow.
"It's a riff on another piece within the exhibition," Rebecca Rabinow, director of the Menil Collection, says playfully.
She's referring to an impossible-to-miss trio of saffron and lapis macaw-feather panels. It's hard to imagine that a total of 96 panels, measuring 3 feet high and 8 feet wide, were discovered inside individual jars in 1943. Or that there are 200,000 feathers on each.
"How much time, how much labor went into knotting those feathers to cotton?" Davis muses, alluding to the exhibition's other big motif. He notes that no silver or gold appears in the exhibition. "('Enchanted') highlights the craftsmanship of everyday people."
Visitors smile at the thought of colonial-era "keros," or wood cups, used to consume "chica," aka corn beer.
Other objects on view include ceramic vessels of the Nazca culture (100 B.C.-800 A.D.), textiles from the Wari ( 600-1000 A.D.) and Chimú (1150-1450 A.D.) civilizations, and festival dress from the 20th and 21st century worn during religious ceremonies in Peru.
One of the most significant items is the Chimú "Prisoner Textile," a pre-Incan fabric fragment dating to the early 1200s. The two-panel piece was last seen publicly 36 years ago in Paris for an exhibition titled "The Rhyme and the Reason," when then-French President Francois Mitterand inaugurated a 637-piece selection of artwork from Dominique de Menil's collection.
"It's the first time it's ever been on display in this building," Brad Epley, chief conservator at the Menil Collection, said. "It was exhibited most recently just before the museum opened and before that in 1973, 1972 and 1968 — a very limited exhibition history."
Funds awarded from a 2021 Bank of America Art Conservation Project grant helped restore the "Prisoner Textile" to its current state. The panels are fragile and light-sensitive; specialists stabilized the edges by creating a special mount with a supportive base secured by insect pins. "It was part of much larger textile (that was) 100 feet wide. Two sides are cut, so threads began to fray," Epley said.
The scene in muted yellow, green and blue depicts a hierarchy. Davis points to fishermen from the coasts — "You can tell by their hats" — in the center, then oyster divers and, finally, human figures being held by feline creatures along the edges.
In her online essay "Fragment of the Chimú Prisoner Textile," Susan E. Bergh identifies prisoners by their nudity and neck ropes. She writes, "Scattered disembodied heads suggest the prisoners are on the verge of sacrifice, a known Chimú practice likely aimed in part at balancing the cosmic forces that controlled nature's sometimes devastating whims."
That story of violence — and victory — is illustrated in other objects, too. One "Dance Cape" (c. 1930-40) with a stitched inscription "The Slavery of the Blacks" shows 19th-century Peruvian President Ramón Castilla y Marquesado surrounded by Africans he liberated after abolishing slavery. Another "Dance Cape" (c. 1945-75) features the medieval Saint George slaying World War II Nazi forces, as Amy B. Groleau details in her online essay "A Joyous Spectacle: Making and Collecting Huancayo Dance Capes."
The "Dance Cape" quartet and two dance hats — "Qhapac Negra Dance Costume Hat" (2006) and "Qhapac Qolla Dance Hat" (2008) — worn by both men and women during fiestas are the only objects flecked with modern embellishment or synthetics.
"Primary colors are really important here because they're the basis of all other colors," Davis says. "Red, yellow and blue are natural pigments."
Verger's black-and-white photographs also play an integral role. His travels throughout the Andes between 1939 and 1945 were partially financed by John and Dominique de Menil. Verger later presented the couple with two portfolios of images taken from religious Andean festivals that have never been exhibited — until now.
"Virgin of Bethlehem," an oil-on-canvas painting by an unidentified artist from the 18th century, marries the two worlds. Nestled among a gallery wall of Verger's framed work, graphic prints and tactile objects of "Enchanted" finally intersect.
"It's a painting, of a painting, of a statue," Davis explains of the Virgin Mary dressed on theme in yellow, red and blue. Her embroidered garments are so vivid you can almost feel them.
amber.elliott@chron.com
Amber Elliott
Amber Elliott covers arts and society for the Houston Chronicle.
Your weekly guide to Houston arts & entertainment.
More In Art & Exhibits
Galveston exhibit celebrates the fashion extravagance of Mardi Gras
By Chris Gray
MFAH's Glassell School of Art survives a turbulent 2 years through COVID
By Andrew Dansby
Year in visual art, dance: Houston's communities put their best feet forward in 2021
By Amber Elliott
Preview Pick
Pawel Dutkiewicz
Anya Tish Gallery
'Niki de Saint Phalle in the 1960s'
The Menil Collection
'Murals of the Station Museum'
Station Museum of Contemporary Art


I just watched the following fantastic video entitled You and Your Research by the famous Dr Richard Hamming. If you prefer reading you can instead get the full text here.
When I came to Bell Labs, I came into a very productive department. Bode was the department head at the time; Shannon was there, and there were other people. I continued examining the questions, "Why?" and "What is the difference?" I continued subsequently by reading biographies, autobiographies, asking people questions such as: "How did you come to do this?" I tried to find out what are the differences. And that's what this talk is about.
One of the characteristics of successful scientists is having courage. Once you get your courage up and believe that you can do important problems, then you can. If you think you can't, almost surely you are not going to.
Now for the matter of drive. You observe that most great scientists have tremendous drive. I worked for ten years with John Tukey at Bell Labs. He had tremendous drive. One day about three or four years after I joined, I discovered that John Tukey was slightly younger than I was. John was a genius and I clearly was not. Well I went storming into Bode's office and said, "How can anybody my age know as much as John Tukey does?" He leaned back in his chair, put his hands behind his head, grinned slightly, and said, "You would be surprised Hamming, how much you would know if you worked as hard as he did that many years." I simply slunk out of the office!


Compound Bow Technique.The Compound Bow is a technique intended to lessen the amount of force the archer must use and to increase the total energy that is held by the bow. A lot of compound bows use cams at the end of the limbs to make the most of the leverage given by the archer while minimizing the holding force of the bow. The smaller the force needed to hold the compound bow, the lesser the strain is on the archer's back muscles while drawing the string. This gives the muscles more time to rest and the archer more time and energy to concentrate on his aim.
Archers often use a release aid to help keep the string and the arrow steady and to release it accurately. This release aid has a trigger and is attached to the bowstring. This allows the archer to pull and release the string using the trigger.Because of the lesser demands of the compound bow, it is often reduced to a 'training-wheel bow.' Usually, an archer with a solid recurve bow technique has a good compound bow technique.
However, the compound bow must be altered to the limits of the archer like his limit in draw length. The correct draw length of an archer is determined mostly by the arm length and shoulder width of the archer.The Padded Arrow Sport.The Padded Arrow Sport is an activity practiced by a small but growing subculture for a period of over 50 years.
It has developed into an organized sport for some while it is a form of live action combat with an unclear system for others. Live Action War Games are made up of individuals or groups of fifty to a hundred people that are dressed in authentic combat armor and use padded sports weapons all in the attempt to simulate battlefields.Although most war games use guns, some systems allow the use of real bows and arrows. These are however regulated by limiting the bow draw weight from twenty to forty-five pounds and by using blunt, coin-tipped arrows whose heads are wrapped and secured in an open-cell foam padding.
These are called 'safety arrows'. Unlike the traditional bow techniques, the use of 'safety arrows' or the 'foam archers' have to deal with releasing weighted arrows resulting in a more awkward projectile with a maximum effective range of only about fifty or sixty feet. The players in the Padded-arrow sport should always remember that even though they are padded, actual bows and arrows are still used. With this, precautions should be taken like frequent equipment checks.
In addition to the clumsiness of the bow and the padded arrows, archers need to keep moving around to stay clear of the hundreds of other opponents. This makes the sport even more challenging and appealing. In the battlefield, players are up against people who are charging against them, hiding and using tactics to bring a person or a team down. Because of this, archers have to master the skill in aiming, proper positioning and calculating range, distance and projectile in order to make an effective hit while running from the enemy. Each player must learn strategy and tactics as well to avoid being attacked or removed from the game due to and injury point system or an actual physical injury.


Flying in tonight. How do we get to you from airport?
I am considering this resort for my upcoming birthday weekend. Is this a family friendly resort? How are the amenities? Is it modernized, or can it use some renovating? Bottom line, is it really worth the cost?
It is a very nice family friendly place! It needs a very small bit of renovating but indeed worth the price. Have fun!!
I haven't been there when they've had fireworks but I'm sure someone working there can answer!
Are there any 2-bedroom accommodations?
All of the rooms at Shell Island Resort are one bedroom suites. You do have the option of one king bed or two double beds when you book your suite. All of the rooms also have a separate living area with a full-size sleeper sofa.
Thank you for asking Shelley, But no, sadly we are not a pet-friendly location and do not allow pets of any kind to stay in our suites. I hope this information helps.


Last weekend I did a photowalk in Trumbull County with my Instagram buddy, Paul. We came across the National Packard Museum in Warren, Ohio. It's a wonderful little volunteer run museum with a fantastic collection of automobiles, mostly Packards, but a few others are on display. If you are in the area, I recommend checking it out.


I have begun to wonder how I try to work my life so efficiently- grouping like trips together, not wasting resources by running all over, etc. Has this really cost me in other ways. I ponder this thought. Maybe efficient isn't so efficient.
The cost? More time building business, more time building relationships, doing more of what I want. But I get done those things that are together. Is it a function of my organizational ways? My never ending task list? That which has me always going, with little down time? I contemplate this as I seek to find balance….
I wondered this morning about the ways I view my life. In hindsight, it is so easy to take out of proportion what was so, minimize or extravagate. How can we see ourselves clearly in our rear-view mirror?


Home loan suits you and your family for the purchase, construction or renovation of housing.
Together with the contract for housing loans, we advise you to conclude a loan insurance contract. Thus, you will be protected in case of loss of work, incapacity for work and causing serious harm to health, as well as in case of death due to illness or accident.
The loan amount can be up to 80% of the market value of the housing provided as collateral. When using the guarantee of the Kreme target institution, the l home loan amount can be up to 90% of the market value of the collateral.
The amount of all monthly repayments on financial liabilities can be up to 50% of net income. The size of the maximum return payment depends on the amount of income, available financial obligations and the number of family members.
The currency of the housing loan is the euro.
The interest rate on housing loans is linked to Erabor.
Erabor (European Interbank Offered Rate) is a European interbank interest rate. The customer can choose between 3, 6 or 12-month Erabor. The interest rate margin is added to the Euribor rate, depending on the client.
If desired, the interest on home loan can be fixed for a longer period. Housing loans with a fixed interest rate give confidence that the amount of payments on the loan for a certain period will not change. For more information on fixing interest, ask your private customer service manager.
Credit term you can borrow a housing loan for up to 30 years, provided that all the loan will be paid by the time you reach the age of 75.
As collateral for housing loans is suitable purchased or renovated housing (apartment or house), located in Estonia.
To assess the collateral, use the services of the approved real estate office. Assessment of collateral is a paid service and depends on the price list of the appraiser.
Pledged property must be insured during the entire crediting period.
Ask for an insurance offer from a private customer service manager.
The size of the self-financing is, as a rule, not less than 20%.
When using KredEx guarantee, self-financing starts at 10%. More detailed information on the terms of the guarantee can be found on the home page of the target institution Kreme.
The home loan can be repaid on the basis of the schedule in the form of an annuity or equal basic parts.
In the case of an annuity schedule, the payment of the loan each month will be in the same amount. At the beginning of the repayment of the loan, the majority is interest. With each subsequent payment the share of repayment of the main part increases. With an annuity schedule, the credit load is evenly distributed, and moderate loan payments allow you to eventually take a large loan amount.
In the case of payments with equal principal parts, we divide the bulk of the loan equally among all payments, and to this is added the interest accrued from the loan balance (the larger the loan balance, the greater the percentage). This means that the amount of the monthly payment for the loan will be greater at first, but as the loan expires, it will decrease.


No matter how successful or experienced, everyone makes mistakes. No one bats a thousand, and that's okay. It is impossible to always be right. However, there are ways to avoid making poor judgments and decisions, and it centers around being aware of your hidden biases.
Biases are ingrained, hardwired processes that exist in all humans. At one point in history, they may have helped with human survival, but today, they are more likely to get you in trouble.
Anchoring -- Question: Is the population of Ecuador more or less than 3 million? What size is the total population?
If you are like most people, you severely under guess the population. The actual population of Ecuador is over 16 million, according to World Bank. However, the question is set up in a way that makes most people guess a number a lower number. By asking if the population was more or less than 3 million, the response was anchored around this number.
Outcome bias -- People will attribute an outcome to something that has little or no influence on it. An athlete wears their favorite pair of socks when they win a big game. From that point on, they may believe that they need to wear their "lucky socks" to increase their chances of winning again.
Rhyme-as-reason -- People are more likely to remember and believe sayings that rhyme. For example, "Birds of a feather, flock together" versus "Similar flying animals travel in unison."
With so many hidden biases, how do you know when you are biased and how do you make better decisions?
1. Accept that you're probably wrong.
The first step to better decision making is to accept that you may never be right. Having humility is key to overcoming biases. Humans have a tendency to overestimate their abilities. In one study, 80 percent of participants rated themselves as above average drivers.
2. Break down your reasoning.
It is a gut reaction to look for evidence that supports existing beliefs. It's easy to say that you're right and justify it.
However, rather than insisting that you are right, analyze the process that you used to come to that conclusion first. Looking at your decision making process can help you understand if you're justifying existing beliefs or if you're making the best decision for the situation.
Without taking a hard look at the reasoning, you can justify anything. For example, when a new iPhone comes out, you could come up with dozens of reasons why you need to buy it. It will increase productivity. You'll be able to text faster, but is it actually worth the high price? The reality is likely that you want it because it's new and shiny, and not because you actually need it.
3. Look for cognitive friction.
Research has shown that cognitive friction, or having healthy challenges and debates with people that have an oppositional view, will produce better ideas and problem-solving. One study paired off individuals based on whether they identified as Democrat or Republican. Teams were then tasked to solve a murder mystery.
Pairs that were made up of Democrat and Republican often debated their arguments more and worked harder to come to a conclusion. As a result, they were more likely to solve the mystery than teams that were made up of people with the same political affiliation.
Surround yourself with people that will challenge your perspective and force you to be better.
If you don't have people around you that are willing to call you out when you're wrong, you will be prone to making terrible mistakes.
Being challenged doesn't mean that you will always make the right decision, but it will give you the best chance to catch the missteps in your thinking and it will force you to explore alternate perspectives.
All humans suffer from human biases, and everyone makes mistakes. However, becoming more aware of your biases, analyzing your decision making process and surrounding yourself with people that challenge you can lead to fewer mistakes and better decisions.


EN FUEGO FALL KICK-OFF/GAME NIGHT – Sunday, September 23 from 6:30-8:30 at "The Pit".
Don't miss out on this great start to the fall! We will be having a variety of get to know each other games and having a bunch of fun activities. Plan on having hot dogs and s'mores over the fire.
You are welcome to bring a friend! Bring a change of clothes and a towel in case you get wet!