text:
ISEG – Departamento de Economia
William E. Simon Graduate School of Business Administration, University of Rochester
World Bank, Washington, DC
World Bank, Washington, D.C.
Universidade de Múrcia
Bootstrap Panel Granger-Causality Between Government Budget and External Deficits for the EU
Afonso, António; Rault, Christophe
Fonte: ISEG – Departamento de Economia Publicador: ISEG – Departamento de Economia
#panel causality tests#budget deficit#external imbalance#real exchange rates#EU#OECD
We investigate the existence of Granger-causality between current account and government budget balances over the period 1970-2007, for different EU and OECD country groupings. We use a panel-data approach based on SUR systems and Wald tests with country specific bootstrap critical values. Our results show a causal relation from budget deficits to current account deficits for several EU countries: Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Estonia, Finland, France, Italy, Hungary, Lithuania, Poland, and Slovakia, along the lines of the so-called twin-deficit relationship. Considering the effective real exchange rate in the SUR system does not substantially alter the results.
Federal Budget Outlook -- A Report to the SOMC
Levy, Mickey D.
Fonte: William E. Simon Graduate School of Business Administration, University of Rochester Publicador: William E. Simon Graduate School of Business Administration, University of Rochester
#economic policy#budget deficit
Projections of the FY1984 budget deficit have been revised downward, to $179.7 billion by the Administration...Any optimism about these forecasts of declining deficits, however, must be tempered. Both forecasts assume the enactment of substantial deficit-cutting legislation, and such action may not be politically feasible, at least on the short-term horizon. Also, although there is much uncertainty about the economic outlook, some of the assumptions underlying these projected budget outcomes may be too optimistic. Consequently, budget deficits may be higher than these projections indicate.
How Should the Fed Respond to Large Fiscal Deficits?
McCallum, Bennett T.
#economic policy#monetary policy#Federal budget
It is not easy to predict accurately (or even approximately) the future path of Federal budget deficits, as is well-illustrated by the predictions made a few year ago that ongoing surpluses would be so large that problems would arise from the lack of short-term federal debt! Nevertheless, it does seem likely that the federal budget will record quite large deficits over the next several years.1 Accordingly, it is natural to ask how the Federal Reserve's monetary policy should respond to this situation. There is no specific evidence that the Fed currently intends to respond in any particular way, although Chairman Greenspan's comments on the prospective deficits have been highly prominent. But in any case, there are repeated calls from important members of the economics profession for greater coordination of monetary and fiscal policies.
How Do Governments Respond after Catastrophes? Natural-Disaster Shocks and the Fiscal Stance
Melecky, Martin; Raddatz, Claudio
Fonte: Banco Mundial Publicador: Banco Mundial
#ACCESS TO CAPITAL#ACCESS TO CREDIT#ACCESS TO DEBT MARKETS#ACCESS TO FUNDS#ACCIDENTS#AUTOREGRESSION#BANK POLICY#BIASES#BORROWING#BUDGET CONSTRAINT#BUDGET DEFICIT
Natural disasters could constitute a major shock to public finances and debt sustainability because of their impact on output and the need for reconstruction and relief expenses. This paper uses a panel vector autoregressive model to systematically estimate the impact of geological, climatic, and other types of natural disasters on government expenditures and revenues using annual data for high and middle-income countries over 1975-2008. The authors find that, on average budget, deficits increase only after climatic disasters, but for lower-middle-income countries, the increase in deficits is widespread across all events. Disasters do not lead to larger deficit increases or larger output declines in countries with higher initial government debt. Countries with higher financial development suffer smaller real consequences from disasters, but deficits expand further in these countries. Disasters in countries with high insurance penetration also have smaller real consequences but do not result in deficit expansions. From an ex-post perspective...
The Dot-Com Bubble, the Bush Deficits, and the U.S. Current Account
Kraay, Aart; Ventura, Jaume
Fonte: World Bank, Washington, DC Publicador: World Bank, Washington, DC
#BANKING CRISES#BONDS#BORROWING#BUDGET DEFICITS#CAPITAL GAINS#CAPITALIZATION#COST OF CAPITAL#CROWDING OUT#DEBT#DEFAULT RISK#DIVIDENDS
Over the past decade the United States has experienced widening current account deficits and a steady deterioration of its net foreign asset position. During the second half of the 1990s, this deterioration was fueled by foreign investment in a booming U.S. stock market. During the first half of the 2000s, this deterioration has been fuelled by foreign purchases of rapidly increasing U.S. government debt. A somewhat surprising aspect of the current debate is that stock market movements and fiscal policy choices have been largely treated as unrelated events. Stock market movements are usually interpreted as reflecting exogenous changes in perceived or real productivity, while budget deficits are usually understood as a mainly political decision. The authors challenge this view here and develop two alternative interpretations. Both are based on the notion that a bubble (the "dot-com" bubble) has been driving the stock market, but differ in their assumptions about the interactions between this bubble and fiscal policy (the "Bush" deficits). The "benevolent" view holds that a change in investor sentiment led to the collapse of the dot-com bubble and the Bush deficits were a welfare-improving policy response to this event. The "cynical" view holds instead that the Bush deficits led to the collapse of the dot-com bubble as the new administration tried to appropriate rents from foreign investors. The authors discuss the implications of each of these views for the future evolution of the U.S. economy and...
The Crisis in the Euro Zone : Did the Euro Contribute to the Evolution of the Crisis?
Lin, Justin Yifu; Treichel, Volker
#ACCOUNTING#ADVERSE SHOCKS#AGGREGATE DEMAND#AMOUNT OF CREDIT#ANNUAL GROWTH#ASSET CLASSES#ASSET PRICES#BAILOUT#BALANCE OF PAYMENTS#BALANCE OF PAYMENTS CRISIS#BALANCE SHEET
The simmering sovereign debt crisis in the Euro Zone represents a looming threat to the recovery of the world economy and could lead to a renewed global financial crisis. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the root causes of the crisis in Europe and assess the extent to which it was driven by the global financial crisis and by factors internal to Europe, notably the adoption of the common currency. Adoption of the euro led to convergence of interest rates in periphery countries to the levels in core countries and, in combination with rising capital inflows owing to greater financial integration, set off a consumption and real estate boom in periphery countries, leading to higher growth and increases in government revenue and spending. The resulting real appreciation led to a loss of competitiveness in periphery countries, adversely affecting export performance and causing rising current account imbalances. While the fiscal position remained manageable before the crisis owing to rising revenue, the recession brought about by the global financial crisis led to the burst of real estate bubbles and a financial sector crisis and to sharply increased budget deficits and worsened debt indicators and triggered the sovereign debt crisis. Core countries...
Population Age Structure and the Budget Deficit
Chen, Derek H. C.
Fonte: World Bank, Washington, D.C. Publicador: World Bank, Washington, D.C.
#ACCOUNTING#ANNUAL OBSERVATIONS#BOND ISSUES#BORROWING#BUDGET DEFICITS#BUDGET SURPLUS#CENTRAL GOVERNMENTS#CONSTANT RETURNS TO SCALE#CONSUMPTION INCREASES#CROWDING OUT#DEBT
The author focuses on the effects of age structure changes on the size of budget deficits of national governments. More specifically, he determines whether differences in age structure can account for the observed differences in budget deficits across countries as well as across time. By way of an extension of the untested theory of negative bequest motives advocated by Cukierman and Meltzer (1989), the author argues that the commonly accepted notion that population aging tends to increase the budget deficits of economies is theoretically consistent. However, preliminary results from country and time fixed-effects panel regressions, estimated from 1975 to 1992 over 55 industrial and developing countries, indicate statistical evidence for this postulation is present only in the developing countries but not in the industrial countries.
Intertemporal Excess Burden, Bequest Motives, and the Budget Deficit
Chen, Derek Hung Chiat
#ACCOUNTING#BALANCED BUDGETS#BUDGET CONSTRAINT#BUDGET DEFICIT#BUDGET DEFICIT REDUCTION#BUDGET DEFICITS#BUDGET SURPLUS#CAPACITY BUILDING#CENTRAL GOVERNMENT#CENTRAL GOVERNMENT BUDGETS#CENTRAL GOVERNMENTS
The author aims to empirically determine the significant factors that affect the levels of budget deficits of central governments across time and across countries. He empirically tests two prominent theories of budget deficits-the Barro (1979) tax-smoothing approach, and the still-untested theory of negative bequest motives advocated by Cukierman and Meltzer (1989). The author uses econometric techniques including fixed-effects (both country and time) panel regressions spanning 87 countries over the period 1975 to 1992, and the Griliches treatment of missing data. The author finds relatively stronger statistical support for the tax-smoothing approach among developing countries but not in industrial countries. The existence of empirical evidence supporting the theory of negative bequest motives is indeterminate. The author also conducted post-regression analyses to assess the proportion of observed differences in budget deficits the factors were actually able to explain. These reveal that both theories are generally weak in accounting for inter-temporal changes in budget deficit shares for both industrial and developing countries. The theories performed significantly better in accounting for cross-section differences. The author has many contributions to the literature. First...
Credit Ratings and Fiscal Responsibility
Hanusch, Marek; Vaaler, Paul
#MONETARY POLICY#DEFICIT#HOLDING#CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS#TIMELY PAYMENT#DEFAULTS#STOCK#FISCAL DEFICITS#INDEBTED COUNTRIES#INTEREST#SOVEREIGN DEFAULTS
The authors build on the findings from an earlier analysis, adding to the evidence base for the notion that credit rating agencies contribute to fiscal sustainability. To do so, the authors focus on election periods when political pressures for fiscal expansions are heightened. The literature on political budget cycles documents the tendency for budget deficits to increase in election years as governments attempt to appear economically competent by strategically providing additional publicly financed goods or services, or by cutting taxes. A rating downgrade, however, signals the opposite of competence as it implies an increase in the probability of sovereign default. Since credit ratings are widely observed - by financial markets as well as voters - they in effect serve as a disciplining device for fiscal policy not to submit to short-term spending pressures, thus keeping it responsible. The authors find that: (1) governments going into an election year immediately after a rating downgrade are 27 percentage points more likely to lose at the polls; and (2) governments going into an election year with a negative rating outlook (indicating a higher likelihood of a near-term downgrade) run smaller budget deficits compared to cases with positive or stable outlooks. Ratings act like fiscal rules disciplining governments when they are more vulnerable to political pressures on the budget - as opposed to fiscal policies supporting longer-term economic growth and development objectives.
Structural reforms and budget deficits in a monetary union: a strategic approach
Campoy, Juan Cristobal; Negrete Mediavilla, Juan Carlos
Fonte: Universidade de Múrcia Publicador: Universidade de Múrcia
#Structural reforms#Budget deficits#Externalities#Coordination#CDU::3 - Ciencias sociales::33 - Economía
This paper explores the interrelations between budget deficits and structural reforms in a monetary union. The analysis considers the international spillovers generated by both policies. We show that efforts to achieve fiscal policy coordination within the Eurozone reduce member countries' incentives to carry out much-needed structural reforms. As a consequence, this cooperation can turn out to be welfare-reducting if it not extended to the implementation of structural reforms.
France, Germany, Greece and the United Kingdom an analysis and comparison of budget deficits and defense spending
Schoettelndreyer, Friedrich.
Tipo: Tese de Doutorado Formato: xvii, 61 p. ;
Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.; This thesis documents findings on the relationship of government budget deficits and defense spending for France, Germany, Greece, and the United Kingdom in detail and for NATO and OECD country collectives. The thesis topic is relevant, as many European countries are justifying their recent cuts in defense spending with high government budget deficits. The author looked at different data sources and metrics to graphically analyze the developments in government budget deficits and defense expenditures for the selected countries over a fifteen-year period and statistically analyze possible interactions between lagged budget deficits and defense expenditures for NATO and OECD country collectives. Six regression models were developed and applied to the country collectives with different time periods, from 1975 to 2009. A fixed effects regression analysis was used to determine the significance levels and the standard errors of the independent variables. The research method consisted of four activities: review of related research, analysis of government budget spending levels, analysis of defense spending levels and graphical and statistical analysis of government budget deficit and defense spending relationship. The literature survey focused on data research...
Uganda Economic Update, March 2014 : Are You Being Served?
Fonte: Kampala Publicador: Kampala
Tipo: Economic & Sector Work :: Economic Updates and Modeling; Economic & Sector Work
#ACCOUNTABILITY#ACCOUNTABILITY RELATIONSHIPS#ACCOUNTING#ADMINISTRATION COSTS#BALANCE OF PAYMENTS#BALANCE OF PAYMENTS CRISES#BANK LENDING#BROAD MONEY#BUDGET DEFICIT#BUDGET DEFICITS#BUDGET FORMULATION
This is the third edition of the Uganda Economic Update series. The first part of this update provides a general overview on the state of Uganda's economy. Then the second part offers an examination of an economic topic of special interest and high relevance for the country, looking at how to improve service delivery by district governments. In 2013 Uganda managed to sustain macroeconomic stability and contain a short-lived uptick in inflation caused by fluctuations in regional food prices. This demonstrates the ability of the country's authorities to formulate and implement sound macroeconomic policies, and lays the foundation for continued achievement of economic growth rates in the range of 6-7 percent. The implementation of the large public infrastructure projects planned for the next several years should also contribute to growth. However, it will be as important as ever to keep budget deficits under control and to make sure that increased focus on infrastructure does not slow down progress in social outcomes. While healthy and educated population is critical for achieving Vision 2040...
Fiscal Deficits, Monetary Reform, and Inflation Stabilization in Romania
Budina, Nina; van Wijnbergen, Sweder
Tipo: Working Paper; Publications & Research; Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper
#AGRICULTURE#ASSETS#BANK DEPOSITS#BANK LOANS#BASE YEAR#BENCHMARK#BUDGET CONSTRAINT#BUDGET DEFICITS#CAPITAL GAINS#CENTRAL BANK#CENTRAL BANK BALANCE SHEETS
Unsustainable fiscal deficits were the chief reason for the inflation that has persisted in Eastern Europe since 1989. Deficits need to be cut back, but by how much for a given inflation target? The authors develop a simple framework for debt, the deficit, and inflation to study the interactions between fiscal and monetary policy in Romania's economy. This framework can be used to 1) determine the financeable deficit and the required deficit reduction for a given rate of output growth, inflation rate, and target for debt-output ratios, and 2) find the rate, and target for which no fiscal adjustment is needed. They use this framework to assess consistency between inflation, monetary reform, and fiscal policy in Romania. Many of the issues in Romania are similar to those in other countries. But Romania is an interesting case because of its history of unsuccessful stabilization attempts. The authors' results suggest that fiscal problems during 1992-94 were masked by shifting government expenses to the books of the National Bank of Romania so that the government deficit did not fully reflect public spending. In addition...
Performance-Informed Budgeting in the U.S. National Government : An Evolutionary Approach and a Work in Progress
Joyce, Philip G.
Tipo: Publications & Research :: Brief; Publications & Research
#ACCOUNT#ACCOUNTING#ACHIEVEMENT#ATTENTION#BILLS#BUDGET DEFICITS#BUDGET PROCESS#BUDGET PROJECTIONS#BUDGET REFORM#BUDGETING#DEBT
The United States, at the national level of government, has been trying to identify stronger links between performance and funding for at least 50 years. The most recent two presidents had fundamentally different approaches to performance-based reforms. The administration of George W. Bush embraced a top-down, comprehensive approach to performance, embodied by the President's Management Agenda and the Program Assessment Rating Tool (PART). The Obama administration has delegated more of the agenda to the agencies and has abandoned the PART in favor of a more in-depth, targeted approach to evaluation. Continuing challenges in the United States include creating incentives for focusing on the long term rather than the short term, making expanded use of performance information for budget decision making, and simultaneously focusing on performance improvement and reducing unsustainable budget deficits.
A New Data Tool to BOOST Public Spending Efficiency; Un nou instrument pentru date, BOOST, util pentru eficientizarea cheltuielilor publice
Kheyfets, Igor; Mastruzzi, Massimo; Merotto, Dino; Sondergaard, Lars
#ACRONYM#ADMINISTRATIVE CLASSIFICATION#ALLOCATION#ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES#BUDGET CLASSIFICATION#BUDGET CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM#BUDGET DATA#BUDGET DEFICITS#BUDGET MANAGEMENT#BUDGETARY RESOURCES#CAPITAL EXPENSES
The BOOST data tool makes it easy to analyze how the allocation and use of public expenditure can be made more efficient. BOOST makes detailed public spending data, including data on sub-national spending, more open and accessible than ever before. The global financial crisis has prompted many governments to seek efficiency savings in order to reduce budget deficits and restore medium-term structural balance without harming long-term growth prospects or service quality. To reap savings from inefficiencies, governments must be able to identify such inefficiencies and examine their root causes. One way of doing so is through analytical work that sheds light on where in the budget more can be done with less the process starts by gathering detailed government expenditure data directly from a country's treasury system. By requesting raw data at the most disaggregated level available, the resulting BOOST database takes advantage of the full breadth and depth of the country's budget classification system. The data on expenditures...
Papua Public Expenditure Analysis : Overview Report, Regional Finance and Service Delivery in Indonesia's Most Remote Region; Analisis pengeluaran publik Papua - sebuah tinjauan umum : keuangan daerah dan pelayanan publik pada wlayah tertinggal di Indonesia
Fonte: Washington, DC Publicador: Washington, DC
Tipo: Economic & Sector Work :: Public Expenditure Review; Economic & Sector Work
#BORROWING#BUDGET DEFICITS#BUDGET EXECUTION#BUDGET PROCESS#CAPACITY BUILDING#CASE STUDY#CENSUS DATA#CIVIL SOCIETY#ECONOMIC GROWTH#EQUALIZATION#ETHNIC GROUPS
The region of Papua occupies a special place in Indonesia. It is the country's easternmost, largest and most sparsely populated region. Ever since its integration into Indonesia in 1969 Papua has been troubled by separatist movements and social unrest. Following Indonesia's transition towards democracy and decentralization in the late 1990s, the Special Autonomy Law for Papua was passed in 2001. This was aimed at solving the ongoing conflict and accelerating the economic development of the region. The special autonomy status carried with it an increased flow of resources to Papua. While this boost in fiscal resources is important in helping Papua "catch up", more attention needs to be paid to the quality and efficiency of public expenditure management. As history shows, economic growth and fiscal wealth alone will not be enough to reduce poverty and boost development outcomes in Papua. The region has experienced an average annual GDP growth of close to ten percent for the last fifteen years, and has had a substantial amount of revenues to spend. This stands in stark contrast to Papua's consistent underperformance in fighting poverty and raising human development outcomes: forty percent of Papuans still live below the poverty line, more than double the national average. One third of Papua's children do not go to school. Nine out of ten villages do not have basic health services with a health center...
Mauritania : Improving Budget Management to Promote Sustainable Development and Reduce Poverty, Public Expenditure Review Update; Mauritanie - Ameliorer la gestion budgetaire pour promouvoir une croissance durable et reduire la pauvrete : revue des depenses publiques actualisee
#ACCESS TO SAFE WATER#ACCOUNTABILITY#ACCOUNTING#ANNUAL COST#ANNUAL DEFICITS#ANNUAL RATE#APPROPRIATIONS#AUDITORS#BASIC SERVICES#BENEFICIARIES#BENEFICIARY
The Public Expenditure Review (PER) has provided a basis for analysis and action under the Public Sector Capacity Building Program(PRECASP), one of components is related to the improvement of public finance management and is expected to support the implementation of the measures proposed in this document. These analyses deal with issues closely related to this review, including (i) the problems faced by the financial sector and their impact on public finances; (ii) the issue of transparency with regards to the management of oil revenues, and (iii) medium-term and long-term macroeconomic projections that determine the prospects for growth and for achieving the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). Its objectives are to identify ways to improve public financial management in the sector and to alleviate the constraints on agriculture development, with a view to increasing productivity and reducing poverty in rural areas. Moreover, the PRECASP will finance expenditure reviews in priority sectors. Oil-related research...
Global Stock-Take of Social Accountability Initiatives for Budget Transparency and Monitoring : Key Challenges and Lessons Learned
Tipo: Economic & Sector Work :: Knowledge Economy Study; Economic & Sector Work
#ACCESS TO INFORMATION#ACCOUNTABILITY#ACCOUNTABILITY FRAMEWORK#ACCOUNTABILITY MECHANISMS#ACCOUNTABILITY RELATIONSHIPS#ACCOUNTING#ACCOUNTING SYSTEM#AUDIT FINDINGS#AUDIT SYSTEM#AUDIT SYSTEMS#BENEFICIARIES
Budgets are key documents that lay out a government's economic priorities in terms of policies and programs. Budget transparency refers to the extent and ease with which citizens can access information about and provide feedback on government revenues, allocations, and expenditures. Budget monitoring entails using such information to analyze, critique, and track government finances in order to provide this feedback. Budget transparency is a prerequisite for public participation and accountability, which are instrumental for a democratic and legitimate budget process. Both budget transparency and monitoring efforts also help remove institutional bottlenecks that result in delayed budget allocations, thereby jeopardizing the delivery of vital services to people. Even though they have a far-reaching impact on the lives of people, opening up budgets beyond the exclusive domain of policy makers and administrators is a relatively recent phenomenon that has gained momentum in the last two decades. The stock taking exercise illustrates the range of mechanisms involved in Budget Transparency and Monitoring (BT&M) in different contexts and demonstrates significant promise of influencing governance processes and outcomes. Finally...
Federal Politics and Budget Deficits : Evidence from the States of India
Khemani, Stuti
Tipo: Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper; Publications & Research
#BORROWING#BUDGET DEFICITS#BUDGETARY INSTITUTIONS#CABINET OF MINISTERS#CENTRAL GOVERNMENT#CENTRAL GOVERNMENTS#CENTRAL TRANSFERS#COALITIONS#CONSERVATISM#CONSTITUENCIES#CONSTITUENCY
This paper tests two predictions implied by models of the common-pool game in federations where subnational governments are more likely to have higher deficits because they do not internalize the macroeconomic effects of fiscal profligacy. The first is that subnational governments that belong to the same political party as the central government have lower spending and deficits because they are more likely to be influenced to internalize the macroeconomic effects of additional local spending; and the second is that subnational governments that are more dependent on intergovernmental transfers have higher spending and deficits. We find that in 15 major states of India over the period 1972-1995, states in fact have substantially higher spending and deficits (higher by about 10 percent of the sample average) when their government belongs to the same party as that governing at the center; and that intergovernmental grants tend to have a counter-intuitive negative effect on spending and deficits. The additional deficit of affiliated states is financed almost entirely by additional loans from the central government (as opposed to the market) leading to our interpretation that similar political considerations influence the distribution of deficits across states as they do other intergovernmental grants. We argue that the evidence from India...
The Quality of Budget Execution and Its Correlates
Addison, Douglas
#ACCOUNTING#AGENCY PROBLEM#AGENCY PROBLEMS#AGGREGATE BUDGET#AGGREGATE EXPENDITURE#AGGREGATE EXPENDITURES#AGGREGATE FISCAL#AGGREGATE FISCAL DISCIPLINE#AGGREGATE FISCAL OUTCOMES#AGGREGATE REVENUE#AID DEPENDENT
What determines the quality of budget execution around the world, measured in terms of a government's ability to accurately hit its own revenue and expenditure targets? The answers could be relevant to the topics of macroeconomic stability, national development, public service delivery, and political reputation. This paper takes a step toward finding answers through the exploration of a new database of budgets and budget outcomes and potential cross-country correlates of budget execution in levels and in composition. Few countries within the data sample execute their budgets well, in levels or in composition. Expenditure deviations are positively but rather loosely correlated with revenue deviations. Within this broad tendency, there is considerable variation in behavior not only across countries, but also across time within countries. In explaining the cross-country variations, the data confirm traditional drivers for common pool behavior while also supporting constructive roles for political institutions and the technical capacity for public financial management. This is good news for reform minded governments.


text:
Home News AAP devises plan for Lok Sabha polls in Punjab
AAP devises plan for Lok Sabha polls in Punjab
Chandigarh, January 5: Making an apparent attempt to consolidate its position in Punjab and gain ground against the traditional political parties, the Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) has already devised its strategy for the 2019 Lok Sabha elections, just a few months away.
The party has taken a lead to announce five of its candidates, out of total 13, to contest parliamentary polls in Punjab in October.
Marred by internal infighting and also losing on to its popular faces including Sukhpal Khaira, Kanwar Sandhu, Dr Dharamvira Gandhi, among others, the party is making frantic efforts to make headway, especially after its far-from-expected performance in the 2017 Punjab assembly elections.
With AAP national convener and Delhi Chief Minister Arvind Kejriwal himself taking over the charge for the party in the state, the state unit is also gearing up for the polls, starting from the grass root level.
To begin with, AAP would hold door-to-door campaign at the booth level in all 13,000-plus gram panchayats in the state. Initially, the party would focus on those 7,000 villages where AAP has registered a win in the recently-concluded panchayat elections.
"The party will organize training camps for sarpanches and panches at the village level," said AAP's Punjab core committee chairman and MLA Principal Budhram.
He said that during the session, the volunteers will be taught the ways to reach out to the people at grassroot level. "The volunteers will tell the people how and why Akali Dal (Badal) has lost the ground in the state, and also about the fake promises made by (Prime Minister) Narendra Modi and (Punjab Chief Minister) Capt Amarinder Singh before the elections," he added.
Source Daily Pioneer
Punjab Congress
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
package org.camunda.bpm.engine.cdi.test.bpmn;

import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;

import java.util.HashMap;

import javax.enterprise.context.Dependent;
import javax.inject.Inject;
import javax.inject.Named;

import org.camunda.bpm.engine.RuntimeService;
import org.camunda.bpm.engine.cdi.BusinessProcess;
import org.camunda.bpm.engine.cdi.test.CdiProcessEngineTestCase;
import org.camunda.bpm.engine.delegate.DelegateExecution;
import org.camunda.bpm.engine.delegate.JavaDelegate;
import org.camunda.bpm.engine.runtime.ProcessInstance;
import org.camunda.bpm.engine.test.Deployment;
import org.jboss.arquillian.junit.Arquillian;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;

@RunWith(Arquillian.class)
public class SignalEventTest extends CdiProcessEngineTestCase {

  @Named
  @Dependent
  public static class SignalReceivedDelegate implements JavaDelegate {

    @Inject
    private BusinessProcess businessProcess;

    public void execute(DelegateExecution execution) {
      businessProcess.setVariable("processName", "catchSignal-visited (was " + businessProcess.getVariable("processName")  + ")");
    }
  }

  @Named
  @Dependent
  public static class SendSignalDelegate implements JavaDelegate {

    @Inject
    private RuntimeService runtimeService;

    @Inject
    private BusinessProcess businessProcess;

    public void execute(DelegateExecution execution) throws Exception {
      businessProcess.setVariable("processName", "throwSignal-visited (was " + businessProcess.getVariable("processName")  + ")");

      String signalProcessInstanceId = (String) execution.getVariable("signalProcessInstanceId");
      String executionId = runtimeService.createExecutionQuery().processInstanceId(signalProcessInstanceId).signalEventSubscriptionName("alert").singleResult().getId();

      runtimeService.signalEventReceived("alert", executionId);
    }

  }

  @Test
  @Deployment(resources = {"org/camunda/bpm/engine/cdi/test/bpmn/SignalEventTests.catchAlertSignalBoundaryWithReceiveTask.bpmn20.xml",
                          "org/camunda/bpm/engine/cdi/test/bpmn/SignalEventTests.throwAlertSignalWithDelegate.bpmn20.xml"})
  public void testSignalCatchBoundaryWithVariables() {
    HashMap<String, Object> variables1 = new HashMap<String, Object>();
    variables1.put("processName", "catchSignal");
    ProcessInstance piCatchSignal = runtimeService.startProcessInstanceByKey("catchSignal", variables1);

    HashMap<String, Object> variables2 = new HashMap<String, Object>();
    variables2.put("processName", "throwSignal");
    variables2.put("signalProcessInstanceId", piCatchSignal.getProcessInstanceId());
    ProcessInstance piThrowSignal = runtimeService.startProcessInstanceByKey("throwSignal", variables2);

    assertEquals(1, runtimeService.createExecutionQuery().processInstanceId(piCatchSignal.getProcessInstanceId()).activityId("receiveTask").count());
    assertEquals(1, runtimeService.createExecutionQuery().processInstanceId(piThrowSignal.getProcessInstanceId()).activityId("receiveTask").count());

    assertEquals("catchSignal-visited (was catchSignal)", runtimeService.getVariable(piCatchSignal.getId(), "processName"));
    assertEquals("throwSignal-visited (was throwSignal)", runtimeService.getVariable(piThrowSignal.getId(), "processName"));

    // clean up
    runtimeService.signal(piCatchSignal.getId());
    runtimeService.signal(piThrowSignal.getId());
  }

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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Home » News & Analysis » EU Parliament Launches EU Gender Equality Week
Image by European Parliament/Via CreativeCommons/CC BY-NC-ND 2.0
25/10/2021 - By Antoinette Tyrrell News & Analysis
EU Parliament Launches EU Gender Equality Week
The European Parliament's second EU Gender Equality week kicks off today, Monday October 25th. During the week, European Parliament committees and delegations will hold a series of discussions and public hearings on topics related to gender equality.
This is the second time the EU Parliament has hosted a Gender Equality Week following the success of the first edition in October 2020, when it was launched by the Women's Rights and Gender Equality Committee.
Included in the events taking place is a discussion between members of the delegation to the EU-Turkey Joint Parliamentary Assembly on Turkey's withdrawal from the Istanbul Convention, on Monday afternoon. The Employment and Social Affairs Committee will discuss gender equality and the socio-economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, while the Economic and Monetary Affairs Committee will hold a public hearing on how the recovery can be designed to protect women and promote gender equality, both on Tuesday afternoon. On Wednesday, the Legal Affairs Committee will hold an exchange of views on the Women on Boards Directive, a legislative file blocked in the Council for many years.
The Women's Rights and Gender Equality Committee will hold several events, including a Conference on the Future of Europe side-event on ''Building an Inclusive Economy for Women in the Green and Digital Transformation." It will also hold a hearing on ''Enhancing Gender Equality through Common European Action on Care'' with Commissioners Šuica (Democracy and Demography), Schmit (Jobs and Social Rights) and Dalli (Equality).
On Thursday afternoon, the Director of the European Institute for Gender Equality (EIGE), Carlien Scheele, will present to the Women's Rights Committee the findings of the Gender Equality Index 2021, with a special focus on health.
Speaking ahead of the launch, President of the EU Parliament, David Sassoli said, "I can only express my satisfaction with the success of this initiative, which was launched just a year ago in the midst of the pandemic, and which we are promoting again this year, with broad participation from many of the EP Committees and parliamentary Delegations. We are enthusiastic about gender equality, but we must all commit ourselves, every day, to advancing a form of equality that goes beyond mere rhetoric, that increases our commitment in all areas where women still suffer from marginalisation or social disadvantage. Equality must be de facto. What is happening in Afghanistan, but also within our borders, is a warning for our societies. Discriminatory policies are not being abolished for good. The courage, tenacity and voice of women who have fought and who continue to fight for their rights must inspire us towards achieving an integrated and global approach to gender, because we are all equal, today and always."
The draft programme of events for the week can be found here
Carlien Scheele David Sassoli EU Parliament European Institute for Gender Equality Gender Equality Gender Equality Week Women's Rights and Gender Equality Committee
Antoinette Tyrrell
Antoinette Tyrrell is a writer and journalist who started her career in print and broadcast journalism in Ireland. An English and History graduate of the National University of Ireland, Maynooth, she worked for 11 years in corporate public relations for Irish Government bodies in the Foreign Direct Investment and Energy sectors.
She is the founder of GoWrite, a business writing and public relations consultancy. Her work has appeared in a range of national and international media and trade publications. She is also a traditionally published novelist of commercial fiction.
26.01.2023 - By Antoinette Tyrrell
Israel's President Isaac Herzog has addressed MEPs in the plenary session to commemorate Holocaust Remembrance Day pointing out that Europe has a vital role to play in pushing back against
World leaders have come together in Davos for the World Economic Forum's first in-person winter Annual Meeting since the COVID-19 pandemic began. Running from 16 to 20 January, Davos 2023
The world's richest 1% grabbed nearly two-thirds of all new wealth worth $42 trillion created since 2020, almost twice as much money as the bottom 99 percent of the world's


Last Wednesday, the Beloved and i were at Bath Abbey, for a "Messiaen Centenary Celebration" given as part of the Bath Festival. The highlight of the concert was Messiaen's rarely-performed Trois Petites Liturgies de la Présence Divine, preceded by two works, a keyboard concerto by J. S. Bach, and the world première of Les Ondes Orientales by Dhafer Youssef. Thankfully, the concert was recorded by the BBC, and broadcast yesterday. Joanna MacGregor is the artistic director of the Bath Festival, so she was prominent in all three pieces. The Bach concerto is spirited and fun, with some lovely string writing, particularly in the slow middle movement; the solo part is highly florid, and almost continuous, but Joanna MacGregor tackles such things with incredible ease. In fact, she appeared so relaxed with the material that her communicative/reflective facial expressions seemed to become rather exaggerated (think Natalie Clein, but not so comic); all the same, it was a refreshing opener, a kind of musical sorbet.
i knew nothing about Dhafer Youssef before the concert, and that hasn't changed much, but this first encounter with his work was fascinating. The majority of the work juxtaposes his vocal gymnastics with varying string textures (the piano part appears to be largely irrelevant); a sense of drone is often felt, and the rhythmic language is interesting but simple, so the overall combination has resonances with minimalism. The result, however, is something very different, not least due to the remarkably striking sounds and timbres that Youssef can elicit from his head. Softly spoken foreign phrases—perhaps prayer, perhaps narration—yield to raw, loud ululating, some of the notes held for incredibly long periods, plus occasional high pitches nasal sounds that made some members of the audience visibly jump with surprise. Over its 20-minute duration, it took a while for me to feel i grasped where he was coming from; ultimately, the sense of sheer enjoyment exhibited by the players and particularly Youssef, and the very palpable sense of risk (improvisation is significant in the piece) was an infectious combination. It's not a piece to think too much about but, rather, in which to get caught up; the composer got a warm and very vocal ovation at the end, which he richly deserved.
And so to the Messiaen which, surprisingly, seemed rather cerebral in the wake of Youssef's artistic abandon. All the same, it's surely one of his more immediately accessible works (so why isn't it played more often?), with its own share of rapture. Veteran ondes Martenot player Cynthia Millar doesn't get that much to do here, and even when she did, the instrument sounded at odds with the rest of the ensemble in a way i've never heard before (we were only a couple of rows from the front, which may have exacerbated the contrast). Both choir and ensemble did a magnificent job; accuracy sometimes wandered a little (and the Wells Cathedral School Chamber Choir sometimes seemed a bit disengaged), but it was nonetheless a taut performance, with a nice clarity, particularly in the more densely textured passages. In the Abbey, the choir occasionally got drowned out, but this has been nicely solved in the broadcast! Particularly striking in this work are the percussion; Messiaen lays off them for once here, using pared-down forces of vibraphone, tam-tams and—a bizarrely wonderful choice—maracas, but they're used with absolute mastery, and in the softer passages are just exquisite.
Overall, it was a clever, successful concert, bringing together three works united in an emphasis on melodic invention and joie de vivre. Here are the latter two pieces, including interviews with both Joanna MacGregor and Dhafer Youssef; in addition, i've included a PDF of the concert programme, so you can pretend you were actually there.


Often referred to as "psychotherapy" or "counseling," individual therapy is a method through which clients work one-on-one with a trained professional in a safe and caring environment in order to discover their feelings, or behaviors, work through difficult or critical memories, concentrate on aspects of their lives that they would like to change, better understand themselves and others, set personal goals, and work toward desired change.
Individual therapy is based on the principle that speaking and listening can alleviate human psychological suffering. The duration of the sessions can vary from short term to long term, lasting less than a year or lasting up to several years. However it all depends on your own desire to change or understand your problem. Therefore it is important that you are comfortable and happy with your therapist and that you feel that you are in a safe and supportive environment, as you are going to talk about difficult feelings, thoughts or experiences. The key to your recovery is communication, as by doing this you will be able to process what you have been through and gain a better understanding of yourself, situations or others.
Clients pursue individual therapy for many different reasons, from coping with childhood trauma or major life changes, to dealing with depression or anxiety, to simply yearning for personal growth.With individual therapy, you will also learn on how to deal with problems or issues within your life as your therapist will be helping you to identify coping mechanisms, develop problem-solving skills, rearrange your expectations and priorities, identify personal strengths and on how to focus on what is important.
Dr. George Sachs is trained in Gestalt Therapy. Gestalt therapy focuses on the here-and-now experience and encourages client to take personal responsibility for their actions and lives. While other forms of treatment look back into a client's history, Gestalt therapy focuses on the current moment. Rather than forming "interpretations" as to the problem, Dr. Sachs helps the client stay in the present and become more fully aware of their feelings and emotions. The goals of Gestalt Therapy are to support the client in becoming free from the self-created roadblocks which impact happiness and healthy development. The key ingredient in Gestalt therapy is the relationship between client and therapist that is developed and nurtured over the course of therapy.


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Kathryn F. Jun 20 .
Jason was a great help! I bought this house last year and the company that put in the heat and air systems for the previous owner put the system in completely wrong. The system drained into the ceiling and caused the roof to fall-in. The company wouldn't fixed their mistake. I called comfort control systems and he came promptly. He gave me a quote and fixed the system. I haven't had any more problems. He was very professional and cleaned up any mess that he made (you couldn't even tell anyone was there). I have told all my friends about comfort control systems and would recommend them to everyone.
If you've been to or used comfort control systems, leave a review.


The QUIJOTE experiment is a Spanish-British collaboration, which major objective is the measure the polarization of the cosmic microwave background and of the different galactic components, in the frequency range 10-44 GHz. It consists of three instruments: MFI (multi-frequency instrument), TGI (thirty-ghz instrument), and FGI (forty-ghz instrument) and two telescopes, at the Teide Observatory in the Tenerife island.
It has been partially supported by a Consolider Ingenio project: EPI (Exploring the Physics of Inflation).


those classes same with rt.jar. anyone can explain me that when JBoss AS7 will load rt.jar ? and will it conflict with classes in modules?
It seems to me that Jboss modules does not load everything from rt.jar (maybe this is a result of the new classloading model).
There is a modue named "sun.jdk" that depdends on module "system". Here are defined all packages jboss loads from rt.jar.
I think that if you want extra packeges, such as javax/annotation/processing, you have to add them in sun/jdk/main/module.xml.
The reason of your error is that jboss-annotations-api_1.1_spec-1.0.0.Final.jar does not contain javax.annotation.processing.ProcessingEnvironment.
I am facing similar issue for Provider.java in jdk1.6.0_21\jre\lib\jsse.jar.
Please let me know if you have any inputs.


text:
Birkelånga (Molva dypterygia) är en fisk i familjen lakefiskar.

Utseende
Birkelångan har två ryggfenor, en främre, som är hög men mycket kort, och en bakre som är mycket lång och når nästan ända till stjärtfenan. Även analfenan är lång. Färgen är mörkt gråbrun på ovansidan, ljusare, blåaktigt silverfärgad på buken. Fenorna är mörka med ljus ytterkant. Kroppen är långsträckt, med en kort skäggtöm under hakan. Fisken blir upp till 155 centimeter lång och 30 kilogram tung.

Utbredning
Birkelångan förekommer i Atlanten från Grönlands sydspets över Island till Brittiska öarna och norska kusten, sällsynt i Kattegatt och vidare söderöver till Medelhavet (utom den inre, södra delen).

Ekologi
Birkelångan lever vid bottnen på upptill 1500 meters djup. Den fångar bottendjur som kräftdjur, och bottenfiskar och kan bli upp till 20 år gammal.

Den leker under våren på 600 till 1000 meters djup. Ynglen är pelagiska i omkring två år.

Taxonomi
Den delas ofta upp i två underarter:
 Birkelånga, M. dypterygia dypterygia (Den nordliga formen)
 Medelhavsbirkelånga, M. dypterygia elongata (Medelhavsformen)

Källor

Lakefiskar

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
NEWS: Austra reveals 'Future Politics' video and UK tour dates
By Eugenie Johnson · On December 6, 2016
Electro-pop outfit Austra are releasing their third LP Future Politics on 20th January 2017 via 4AD. The project of Canadian Katie Stelmanis, the long-awaited album is about "not just hope in the future, but the idea that everyone is required to help write it, and the boundaries of what it can look like are both fascinating and endless. It's not about 'being political,' it's about reaching beyond boundaries, in every single field."
Stelmanis and her band have now unveiled the video to the title track, the LP's second single. Beginning with a bold message, the stylish and striking video – directed by Allie Avital – follows Stelmanis as she performs in a series of locations where nature is juxtaposed with industry. Stelmanis and Avital said of the video: "Future Politics is the breaking down of paradigms. In this video, we wanted to explore what a world might look like if our values were transformed: instead of glorifying labour, maybe we could learn to glorify the act of doing absolutely nothing." Watch below.
Austra will also be heading out on a UK tour in March, as part of a much wider European tour. Details below.
21st March – Patterns, Brighton
22nd March – Village Underground, London
23rd March – Summerhall, Edinburgh
24th March – The Deaf Institute, Manchester
Photo credit: Renata Raksha
NEWS: Tiny Fighter unveil new video 'Where are you now'
NEWS: Slowness debut new video 'Sand & Stone'


text:
Antetokounmpo out for Eurobasket with knee injury
DEMETRIS NELLAS
August 20, 2017 20.08.2017 • 10:56
Greece's basketball federation accused the Milwaukee Bucks and the NBA of hatching a plan to prevent Giannis Antetokounmpo on Saturday from playing in the European championship.
About an hour after Antetokounmpo posted on Facebook and Instagram that he was unavailable because of a knee injury, the federation attacked the Bucks and the NBA in a statement, describing an "organized and well-staged plan" to keep Antetokounmpo from playing in the Eurobasket at the end of the month.
"The simultaneous report by the Milwaukee Bucks and Giannis Antetokounmpo himself, by phone and social media from faraway China, and not by the appropriate official manner, of his inability to join the national men's team saddens us … but is not surprising," the federation said in the statement.
"A series of indications … had convinced us of the existence of an organized and well-staged plan by [Antentokounmpo's NBA] team, with the full knowledge if not encouragement of the NBA that put the athlete on the spot and forced him to announce today that he is no longer part of the men's national team."
The federation also said that all details of the story would soon become known.
Takis Tsagronis, the federation general secretary, told state TV ERT that a scan revealed no problems with Antetokounmpo's knee.
"This [the player's absence] is bad but not unexpected news. All indications were that it would end up like that," Tsagronis said.
"We, on our side, did everything not to give the Bucks an excuse. We took a magnetic scan of Giannis' leg and it was clean. What the Bucks claim is not the reality; something else is happening."
In his Facebook post, Antetokounmpo said he failed to complete physicals because of excessive pain. Antetokounmpo is in China to attend, but not play in, a basketball tournament in Shanghai, as an NBA ambassador.
He was to have rejoined Greece after his China tour to prepare for the Eurobasket starting on Aug. 31, but his knee problems, which forced him to miss all but one of Greece's warm-up games, alarmed the Bucks, who administered the physical in China.
"It is by far the biggest disappointment in my career," Antetokounmpo posted, in Greek. "I must deal with the problem. Last year, I could `freeze' the deal on my new extension contract. This year, I have no choice."
As if anticipating the questions over his absence, Antetokounmpo added: "I ask everyone not to make of my absence more than it already is, and focus instead on the guys who will fight at the Eurobasket for a success that has eluded us for years."
Antetokounmpo's new four-year, $100 million contract with the Bucks begins in September.
Last season in the NBA, he finished in the top-20 in total points, rebounds, assists, steals, and blocks. [AP]
National deaf women's team on top of the world
Greek teenagers on top of Europe – again
Sports Digest: U20 team into Euro semis
Sports Digest: Sakkari enters 3rd round in Wimbledon
Sports Digest: Missas is the new Greece coach
Sports Digest: Greek women fourth in Eurobasket


For Libby Wildman, Toronto-based businesswoman and long-time Crossroads' supporter, teaching her three kids about giving back is a priority. When she and her 17-year-old son, Robbie heard about Crossroads 60th anniversary Charity Challenge trek in Tanzania, they researched women's rights issues affecting the country and decided it would be a good cause to dive into.
"Being taken out of your comfort zone and witnessing what's going on is so impactful you want to take action. Change starts when you feel seed of activism and passion," shared Libby who thinks that this kind of initiative could help spark seeds of change in the next generation, starting with her son.
As this trek was his first experience outside North America, Robbie decided to leave his phone behind to be completely disconnected from his everyday life and really enjoy discovering a new country and culture and interact more with the people around him.
Both Libby and Robbie said they were moved by the partner visit with KWIECO as they learned more about Female Genital Mutilation, violence against women and children, teenage pregnancies and the consequences they have on girls and their education or the weight of cultural norms in Tanzania. Libby shared that she was happy that Robbie got to better understand women's rights issues by listening to Mama Minde, a lawyer and KWIECO's Managing Director, or talking during the trek with Crossroads' Executive Director, Carine Guidicelli and other trekkers.
This trek set a spark for Robbie who wants to keep being involved with Crossroads and those issues. "It changed my views upon life. It made me understand how fortunate we are," Robbie concluded.
Libby who supports Crossroads approach of working with partners and volunteers and empowering local people and organizations so they can meet the needs of their communities was enlightened by the trip and more particularly the visit with Mama Minde who allowed her to better understand what was at stake and the different programs developed.
"It was incredible meeting a leader like Mama Minde who works selflessly to help the women and girls that come to the shelter," said Libby.
On top of the physical challenge they overcome by walking more than 100 km, this trek gave them an opportunity to spend a very special time together taking concrete steps for change.


text:
How long since November 24, 2006?
It was 16 years, 2 months and 5 days ago
How long since November 24th 2006 ?
November 24th 2006 was 5,910 days ago, it was 16 years, 2 months and 5 days ago. November 24th 2006 was on a Friday and was in week 47 of 2006. It was the day number 328 of the year 2006.
How many years since November 24, 2006?
November 24th 2006 was 16 years ago.
How many months since November 24, 2006?
November 24th 2006 was 194 months ago.
How many weeks since November 24, 2006?
November 24th 2006 was 844 weeks ago.
How many days since November 24, 2006?
November 24th 2006 was 5,910 days ago.
How many hours since November 24, 2006?
November 24th 2006 was 141,840 hours ago.
How many minutes since November 24, 2006?
November 24th 2006 was 8,510,400 minutes ago.
How many seconds since November 24, 2006?
November 24th 2006 was 510,624,000 seconds ago.
How many weekends since November 24, 2006?
844 weekends
There have been 844 weekends since November 24th 2006.
How many weekdays since November 24, 2006?
There have been 4,221 weekdays since November 24th 2006.
How long until August 16, 2041?
How long until May 14, 2039?
How long ago was July 9, 1997?
How long ago was August 6, 1921?
How long ago was March 19, 1943?
How long until September 21, 2081?
How long until November 18, 2038?
How long ago was September 19, 2005?


text:
On The Spot: Freshman firsts
Avery Degenhardt
Ryan Wang, Staff Writer
On August 19, freshmen students, previously from Willow Springs Middle School, had their first day of high school. They attended a Freshmen Founder's Day and the New to Lovejoy Dinner the week before school started.
Hannah Stout
"High school's alright, it's kind of stressful. On the first day of school, I got a lot of homework, it's just a little overwhelming. I like the people, and I like how much freedom we have. I'm looking forward to new programs, and more opportunities to do things, like cologuard. We have more freedom to do more things, I might want to do some clubs, and ASL too."
Logan Pederson
"It's been pretty fine. I've gotten kind of lost but is pretty fun, lots of early mornings but other than that it's pretty good. It's a place to figure out what classes you want to take and what you want to pursue as a career, or if you go to college. Just to find yourself a bit more. Cross country, I'm just hoping to see how far I can get freshman year and then continue on sophomore, junior and...
Marco Laos
"It's pretty good. The classes that I have, I would say are rigorous, but I know I can manage and stay ahead. It's a new experience, but it's a fun one. [I'm looking forward to] getting good grades and making friends. I'm going to doing HOSA, and I may do baseball next year. [High school is ] bigger, there's a lot more classes, a lot more people, and a lot more teachers. It's just better."
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Opening Party for Art Matters 2011. Multi-screen live visuals in collaboration with Jason Harvey, Jeremy Dabrowski, and Matt Goerzen. Live musical performances by Grimes, Cadence Weapon, Andrew W.K., Pat Jordache, Doldrums, Chevalier Avante Garde, and Wilcox&Promise.
Screen and space design, visuals show design, visuals team management, content creation, custom Quartz Composer feedback plugins, custom multi-screen VDMX patch, tag team live visual performance.


text:
The father of HP's M&A super-calculation: the HPC market that AI has rolled up
via:博客园 time:2019/5/29 23:32:00 readed:472
In most people's minds, HPC (High Performance Computing) is an area of high professionalism and relatively quiet. Everyone usually does a supercomputer to play the Top 500 list, and then sells these giants to universities and research institutions.
This has been the case for a long time. However, with the development of big data, the geometric growth of data volume has greatly expanded the application space of HPC. In this process, the liquidity of the HPC market has also begun to increase. The recent acquisition of an industry is a good example.
At the end of May, Hewlett Packard Enterprises (HPE) bought Cray, a supercomputer maker, for $1.3 billion, or $27 per share, a 27% premium over the average price of Cray stock in a month.
We might as well start from this acquisition, and look at the changes in the HPC market.
If you can't do it better, buy the stronger one.
From both sides of this acquisition business, it is a name worth remembering in the HPC market. The top five supercomputer vendors in the world are Lenovo, Inspur, Dawn, Cray and HPE.
HPE, the HP Enterprise, is one of two companies that HP split in 2014. HPE is focused on the hardware and services businesses of the enterprise market, including super-computing. Cray is also an HPC supplier, and in the top list of the world's top 500, the top ten supercomputers are provided by Cray.
But the difference between the two is that Cray's focus on HPC business is much higher than HPE. In most cases, HPE's main service target is only the computing needs of enterprise customers, not limited to one form of HPC. . Although HPE is the top five supercomputer supplier, it is not among the top ten. Its share of the TOP500 is only 9% of it, paying more attention to the commercial HPC field.
Cray is very focused on creating supercomputers that are extremely computational and used in government and academic research institutions. For example, Cray is currently working with AMD to build the world's first ExaScale-class supercomputer for Oak Ridge National Laboratory with the support of the US government. The contract is worth $600 million. Last year, Japan also looked for Cray to collaborate on making supercomputers for nuclear fusion research.
However, Cray's profitability is not satisfactory due to its focus on serving high-priced, low-volume, and long-term sales orders from governments and research institutions. According to the financial report, Cray's revenue in the first quarter of 2019 was US$72 million, a decrease from the US$80 million in the same period last year, and the loss further expanded to US$29 million. In other words, Cray's business model is closer to that of Paris, and HPE is a global fast-moving brand.
In this grim income situation, it is not surprising that Cray is selling HPE with a richer income structure.
Use a 30% premium for a million loss:
Business logic under the quintet
HPE's acquisition of Cray seems to have a very simple business logic —&Hdash; HPE focuses on the commercial HPC market, Cray exclusive government and research institutions orders, the two sides can achieve a good complement each other. At a premium of nearly 30% per share, it is not so simple to buy a heavy business model that is at a loss.
HPE's acquisition of Cray is naturally a belief that it can copy and paste Cray's more powerful technical power on HPC into its mid-end enterprise market. Just like the luxury goods group's acquisition of workshops, the ultimate goal is to package IP and trademarks into goods on the assembly line.
The reason why HPE has acted is believed to be influenced by the "Quartet" in the HPC market.
The so-called quintet in the HPC market is a combination of AI-HPC-IOT-Big Data-5G. This seems to be a model for putting together hot technologies, and there is no reason behind it. With the mutual driving between AI technology and IoT applications, the data volume and computing requirements will only skyrocket, and 5G will greatly expand the data transmission pipeline, which also gives room for further expansion of data hoarding. In the long run, the demand for computing in the industrial and commercial sectors is long-term bullish, which means that the current HPC capabilities in basic scientific research, seismic simulation, etc. will step out of the ivory tower into the commercial market.
Among the quintets, the most widely used AI technology now has an absolute power. AI's demand for computing has made NVIDIA, and AI's demand for computing is likely to be unlimited. At present, many companies in the HPC industry have already perceived this change, and have carried out related layouts and even transformations. For example, Lenovo put forward the concept of "Smart Super Calculation", and Inspur also emphasized the support for AI scene application in the new product i48. Even Cray has established a special AI department. In recent years, ASC, ISC, and other HPC related conferences, the emergence of AI has become inevitable.
HPE apparently launched the acquisition through a long-term stagnation in the commercial HPC market, which first sensed the need for more efficient HPCs at the enterprise level under the influence of the Quintet.
After breaking the super useless theory
Among them, we are seeing the changes in the HPC market under the Quintet.
AI for the power demand, in one fell swoop overturned the widely spread "super-useless theory". For a long time, HPC, especially the Top 500 in the Top 500 list, is relatively far from commercial applications, mostly at the level of government and academic research. It is easy to ask questions. What is the role of HPC? Has the competition for super-calculation rankings become a strategic reserve at the political level? With the Quintet, the demand for computing power from the industrial perspective touched HPC, and "useless" and "useful" also began to reverse.
This also brings the next issue to the HPC market, the self-driving and external drive changes in production mode.
Taking Cray as an example, it is basically self-driven for the production of super-calculation, and it is continuously breakthrough through its own technical improvement, or cooperates with research institutions and governments to customize production according to their requirements. It can be said that such a production mode is separated from the real industrial market.
When HPC enters the industrial market alongside AI, 5G, IoT and big data technologies, it is necessary to accept external drivers from the industrial market to understand the general needs of the industry. This change is not an easy task for HPC. In particular, the industry demand has strong dynamic characteristics, while HPC's high unit price and long sales cycle model are heavy.
A good example is the change in HPC demand in the autopilot field. When autopilot first comes into contact with HPC, it is often required to build GPU compute nodes intensively to train the deep learning model that constitutes autopilot. But soon this demand changed, and autonomous driving customers began to focus on the storage requirements for massive data. The reason is that with the development of the Data Regulation Act, the compliant storage of data is beginning to become more and more important.
To capture this dynamic in time, it is destined to require HPC companies to have a deep track record of the industry, especially the other four partners in the Quintet. So we can see that HPC, which focuses on universities and government markets, is splitting and integrating with HPE, which has more industrial experience. In 2016, HPE also acquired HPC vendor SGI. It is not difficult to imagine that there will be more and more mergers or engulfments in the HPC industry in the future.
The merger of the acquisition of the 4th and the 5th is a major event in any field. The wings of the butterfly have long since disappeared. Now we are facing the waves on the ocean. The quintet is ringing one by one, and the new technology is indispensable for the internal boiling and digestion in the process of catching the industry.
tommgoogle
HP Enterprise is close to acquiring Cray
HP Releases domestic desktop HP 268 Pro G1: with megacore processor
AMD will launch its new HPC on November 8, a day before Nvidia


J. Michael Leinback AIA d/b/a JML Architects ("Leinback") appeals the trial court's take nothing judgment notwithstanding the verdict entered in favor of Michael D. Barham Architects, Inc. ("Barham, Inc."). In one issue, Leinback contends that the trial court erred in entering the take nothing judgment rather than entering a judgment in accordance with the jury's verdict. We reverse the trial court's judgment and render judgment for Leinback on the jury's verdict.
The voters living in the Tyler Independent School District ("TISD") approved a school bond package to replace six existing elementary schools and to construct one elementary school on a new site. To compete against larger architectural firms, Barham, Inc. and Leinback formed a "strategic alliance" and bid for the architectural work on Bell and Ramey, the first two replacement elementary schools to be built under the bond package. Ultimately, TISD awarded Barham, Inc. the contract to perform all architectural services on Bell and Ramey (the "project"). During the course of their alliance, the parties engaged in negotiations concerning how net profits would be shared between them. Yet, upon the project's completion, Barham, Inc. refused to pay any percentage of the profits to Leinback. Thereafter, Leinback filed the instant suit alleging, among other things, that Barham, Inc. breached its contract with him by its failure to pay him a share of the profits pursuant to their agreement. Barham, Inc. filed a counterclaim against Leinback alleging, among other things, that Leinback had breached the contract and had made negligent misrepresentations when he failed to become a shareholder/employee of Barham, Inc.
The testimony at trial supports that there were failed negotiations between Leinback and Barham and his wife, Laurie, on behalf of Barham, Inc. concerning whether Leinback would become a shareholder/employee of Barham, Inc. The record reflects that, subsequently, the Barhams and Leinback discussed how Leinback and the employees of his firm would be compensated for their work on the project. Leinback testified that he and the Barhams agreed that he and his employees would be paid at a rate equal to three times their hourly rate for their time on the project. Leinback stated that under this compensation scheme, he would lose money. Thus, according to Leinback, he negotiated with Barham regarding their sharing the profits upon the conclusion of the project. Leinback testified that he and Barham agreed that Leinback and his employees would work only on the first three of the five phases of the project. Leinback explained that architects typically divide their work into five phases as follows: Schematic Design (15%); Design Development (20%); Construction Documents (40%); Bidding/Negotiation (5%); and Construction Administration (20%). Laurie testified that the above percentages were applicable to the division of architectural work on the project. Leinback testified that he and Barham orally agreed that Barham, Inc. would receive sixty percent of the profits and Leinback would receive forty percent. Leinback further testified that the net profit that Barham, Inc. received from TISD for the project was $238,725.53, a figure given to him by Laurie. Laurie confirmed that this amount was the net profit on the project.
Laurie testified that although the net profit figure she had provided to Leinback was accurate, Leinback had proposed a different formula for determining how profits would be shared. Laurie stated that, according to this calculation, which was set forth in a document that neither Leinback nor Barham signed, there was a loss of $27,014.37 during the first three phases of the project. Further, both Laurie and Barham testified that there was never an oral agreement between Barham, Inc. and Leinback that Leinback would receive any profits from the project. Rather, Laurie and Barham contended that the only compensation Barham, Inc. agreed to pay Leinback was the three times hourly rate it had already tendered to him.
Ultimately, the jury found that Leinback had not agreed to join his firm with Barham, Inc. and that he had made no negligent misrepresentations upon which Barham, Inc. had justifiably relied. However, the jury further determined that Leinback and Barham, Inc. had agreed that Leinback would receive a share of the profits for the latter's participation in the project and that Leinback should receive $70,000.00 in damages as a result of Barham, Inc.'s breach of this contract. (3) Thereafter, Barham, Inc. filed a motion for judgment notwithstanding the verdict, which the trial court granted. Subsequently, the trial court entered a judgment that Leinback take nothing. (4) Leinback timely filed this appeal.
In his sole issue, Leinback contends that the trial court erred by disregarding the jury's finding on damages in its final judgment.
To uphold a trial court's judgment notwithstanding the verdict, an appellate court must determine that no evidence supports the jury's findings. Mancorp v. Culpepper, 802 S.W.2d 226, 227 (Tex. 1990). In conducting a no evidence review, we must view the evidence in the light most favorable to the verdict, crediting favorable evidence if reasonable jurors could, and disregarding contrary evidence unless reasonable jurors could not. City of Keller v. Wilson, 168 S.W.3d 802, 807 (Tex. 2005). Ultimately, we must inquire whether the evidence at trial would enable reasonable and fair minded people to reach the verdict under review. Id. at 827. Where there is such evidence of record, the jury's verdict must be upheld. See id.; see also WalMart Stores, Inc. v. Miller, 102 S.W.3d 706, 709 (Tex. 2003).
Concerning the issue of damages, the trier of fact is afforded considerable discretion in evaluating opinion testimony related thereto. See McGalliard v. Kuhlmann, 722 S.W.2d 694, 697 (Tex. 1986). When presented with conflicting evidence, the trier of fact may believe one witness and disbelieve others or it may resolve inconsistencies in the testimony of any witness. Id.
To support its breach of contract claim, Leinback was required to prove (1) the existence of a valid contract, (2) that Leinback performed or tendered performance, (3) that Barham, Inc. breached the contract, and (4) that Leinback was damaged as a result of the breach. See Critchfield v. Smith, 151 S.W.3d 225, 233 (Tex. App.-Tyler 2004, pet. denied). Moreover, Leinback was required to prove the following elements underlying the formation of a valid and binding contract: (1) an offer, (2) acceptance in strict compliance with the terms of the offer, (3) a meeting of the minds, (4) each party's consent to the terms, and (5) execution and delivery of the contract with the intent that it be mutual and binding. Id. Consideration is also a fundamental element of every valid contract. Id. The elements of written and oral contracts are the same and must be present for a contract to be binding. Id. "In determining the existence of an oral contract, the court looks to the communications between the parties and to the acts and circumstances surrounding those communications." Id. If the parties to an oral contract testify to conflicting terms, the reviewing court must presume the terms were those asserted by the party for whom the jury found. See City of Keller, 168 S.W.3d at 819.
In the instant case, Leinback testified that he reached an agreement with Barham that he would receive forty percent of seventy-five percent of the net profits from the project. The evidence of record is uncontroverted that the net profits from the project were $238,725.53. Although the Barhams each testified that no such agreement was reached, the jury was entitled to believe Leinback's testimony and disbelieve the testimony offered by the Barhams on the issue of existence of an oral contract.
Barham, Inc. further contends that Leinback testified to a different formula for calculating his portion of the profits. Laurie testified that she calculated Leinback's portion of the profits pursuant to this alternate formula, which demonstrated a net loss of $27,014.37 for the first three phases of the project. According to Laurie, pursuant to this formula, the two phases in which Leinback had not participated, which comprised twenty-five percent of the total project, would have accounted for a profit of $265,739.80. Nonetheless, we note that the jury was entitled to resolve inconsistencies in Leinback's testimony. See McGalliard, 722 S.W.2d at 697. Moreover, the jury was entitled to disbelieve Laurie's testimony regarding the method by which she calculated the net profit for the project. Id.
Barham, Inc. next argues that Leinback pleaded and sought to prove the existence of a joint venture rather than the oral contract that formed the basis of the jury's finding. A plaintiff's petition defines the lawsuit. See Murray v. O&A Express, Inc., 630 S.W.2d 633, 636 (Tex. 1982). The petition should give fair notice of the facts relied on, enabling the defendant to prepare a defense. See Horizon/CMS Healthcare Corp. v. Auld, 34 S.W.3d 887, 897 (Tex. 2000). A joint venture, being "ex contractu," must be based upon an agreement, either express or implied. Coastal Plains Development Corp. v. Micrea, Inc., 572 S.W.2d 285, 287 (Tex. 1978). Here, Leinback made allegations in his petition that Barham, Inc. was liable to him for breach of an unwritten contract. Thus, it is immaterial which claim Leinback sought to support when he introduced evidence at trial. Ultimately, the record supports that (1) Barham, Inc. had fair notice of Leinback's breach of contract claim and (2) Leinback's breach of contract claim is supported by evidence that would enable reasonable and fair minded people to reach the verdict under review. Furthermore, the trial court did not attempt to set aside the jury's finding that Barham, Inc. breached the oral contract with Leinback. Thus, we conclude that Barham, Inc's contention is without merit.
In sum, we have reviewed the record in the light most favorable to the verdict, crediting favorable evidence if reasonable jurors could, and disregarding contrary evidence unless reasonable jurors could not. Having done so, we cannot conclude that the jury finding at issue lacks evidentiary support. As such, we hold that the trial court erred in entering its judgment notwithstanding the jury's verdict that Leinback take nothing. Leinback's sole issue is sustained.
Did J. MICHAEL LEINBACK and MICHAEL D. BARHAM agree that LEINBACK would receive a share of the profits for LEINBACK'S participation in the Bell-Ramey project through the construction document phase in addition to the agreed upon three times wage multiple?
In support of its proposition, Barham, Inc. cites Sembera v. Petrofac Tyler, Inc., 253 S.W.3d 815 (Tex. App.-Tyler 2008, pet. denied). However, Sembera is distinguishable from the instant case. In Sembera, we determined that one corporation had not been a successor to another corporation and, therefore, could not be jointly and severally liable with that corporation. Id. at 833. Here, Barham, Inc. was sued solely in its corporate capacity. It neither made allegations through its pleadings nor presented evidence during trial that Barham acted in any capacity other than as an agent of Barham, Inc. (5) Absent such pleadings or evidence, Barham, Inc.'s alternative ground for affirming the trial court's judgment notwithstanding the verdict is without merit.
Having sustained Leinback's sole issue, we reverse the trial court's judgment and render judgment for Leinback in accordance with the jury's verdict.
Opinion delivered April 15, 2009.
1. From the totality of his testimony, it follows that Leinback considered the net profits from the project to be the "architect's fee."
Forty percent of $238,725.53 would actually have been $71,617.00.
3. Leinback was further awarded $67,375.00 in attorney's fees for the trial of the case plus conditional attorney's fees of $25,000.00 if an appeal was made to the court of appeals and $10,000.00 if an appeal was made to the Supreme Court of Texas.
4. The trial court's judgment does not disturb the jury's finding concerning the agreement between Barham and Leinback. Rather, it disregards the jury's finding concerning Leinback's damages resulting from the breach of this agreement.
See G.T.E. Southwest v. Bruce, 998 S.W.2d 605, 618 (Tex. 1999) (Corporations can act only through their agents.).


Cylon Energy will be participating in the upcoming ASHRAE Expo January 28 – 30th, 2013 at the Dallas Convention Center, Dallas, TX. The AHR Expo is the world's largest HVACR marketplace where the major manufacturers — the "big players" in the industry — as well as hundreds of innovative companies and new suppliers go all out to showcase their products to the HVACR market. Over 30,000 visitors from across the world. Be sure to visit us in booth 987 where we will be demonstrating the Cylon Energy Solution and showcasing the Cylon native BACnet solution.


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International Contracts
Drafting the mediation clause in franchise agreements
Also available in Español
Time to read: 4 min
Once convinced of the utility of mediation as a method of resolving conflicts between franchisor and franchisee and taken the decision to include a clause in the contracts that provides for it, the last step would be what elements should be taken into account when drafting it.
The previous negotiation. It seems advisable that both parties grant themselves the possibility of trying to solve the problem with a previous formal negotiation. Mediation does not exclude the previous attempt made by the interested parties or their lawyers; however, it seems advisable to contractually provide a suitable end according to the circumstances. Experience shows that lengthening this phase too long may result in the conflict becoming more complicated and even more difficult to approach mediation.
The clause may also provide for the place where the mediation will take place. Again at this point the parties are free. It is convenient that this is accurate indicating the concrete city.
The language in which the mediation will be developed is the a faculty of the parties. There will be no difficulty in mediations in which both parties use the same language, but it is very convenient in contracts with parties that have different languages, or that belong to regions or countries with different co-official languages. The drafting or signing of the contract in a specific language does not presuppose that this must be the language of the mediation. It is an element to be taken into account also when requesting a mediator who can use that language in the chosen mediation institution.
The procedure can also be decided by the parties. In particular, the number of sessions, the maximum expected duration, the participation of advisors, etc. Keep in mind that the greater or lesser regulation will allow to avoid future conflicts in this respect, although it will also imply a greater limit to the freedom of the parties that, nevertheless, will remain free to modify the agreement by mutual consent.
The term of the mediation can also be contemplated. This would allow, for example, to prevent mediation from being extended only for purely procedural strategic purposes or to gather information from the other party before starting a procedure, etc. The professional mediators, however, are able to identify these manoeuvres, also having the power to put an end to mediation in those cases.
Choosing the mediator or the mediation institution is an important choice. The parties can agree on who will be their mediator, indicate in the contract the elements to choose it, or submit directly to a Mediation Institution so that it is the one who designates it according to its own rules. These decisions can be alternatives (that is, that the parties agree on the mediator and, in case of lack of agreement, submit to an institution that names it), or they can be unique. The designation of an Institution requires that it has a sufficient guarantee of stability (avoid designating short-term institutions or without much future guarantee), with a sufficient panel of mediators depending on the characteristics of the mediation (language, competence, experience) and that allows the necessary flexibility for its operation.
Finally, it is convenient that the clause includes an alternative way in case the mediation does not succeed either because the parties do not reach an agreement, or because they withdraw from the mediation. It is important to recall that mediation does not close the doors to the conflict be resolved by recourse to ordinary jurisdiction or arbitration. And in terms of specialized arbitration in distribution contracts, the IDArb (https://www.idiproject.com/content/idarb-idi-arbitration-project) is an excellent option.
On the topic of the importance of Mediation in Distribution Agreements, you can check out the recording our webinar "Mediation in International Conflicts"
Ignacio Alonso
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Jerry Brown says prison emergency over
PRISONS Governor wants state to take back control of system
Wyatt Buchanan, Bob Egelko
Jan. 8, 2013 Updated: Jan. 8, 2013 5:24 p.m.
1of2Gov. Jerry Brown gestures to a stack of reports on California prisons as he discuss his call for federal judges to return control of California prison to the state during a news conference at the Capitol in Sacramento, Calif., Tuesday, Jan. 8, 2013. Brown said that it is too dangerous for the state to further reduce its prison population as required by a federal court order. (Photo/Rich Pedroncelli)Rich Pedroncelli/Associated PressShow MoreShow Less
2of2Gov. Jerry Brown discuss his call for federal judges to return control of California prison to the state during a news conference at the Capitol in Sacramento, Calif., Tuesday, Jan. 8, 2013. Brown said that it is too dangerous for the state to further reduce its prison population as required by a federal court order.Rich Pedroncelli/Associated PressShow MoreShow Less
Sacramento --
A defiant Gov. Jerry Brown declared an end to the overcrowding emergency in state prisons on Tuesday and said that the courts should return all the responsibility of overseeing prisons to state officials.
That action came hours after the state faced a deadline to inform a federal court how officials plan to further reduce the prison inmate population by June. State attorneys instead filed an appeal requesting that federal judges undo an order that had set a limit on California's prison inmate population.
"We've gone from serious constitutional problems to one of the finest prison systems in the United States," Brown said at a news conference, where he announced that he had signed a proclamation declaring an end to a state of emergency in state prisons.
That emergency was declared in 2006 by then-Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger because of overcrowding. But since then, the population of inmates has decreased by about 43,000 to 119,200, largely because Brown's prison realignment program shifted incarceration of inmates from prisons to county jails. Some sheriffs now say their jails are overcrowded.
The reduction also occurred because California transferred inmates to other states, though Brown plans to incrementally return them all to California by 2016.
Still, the population exceeds the mandate set by the federal courts of 110,000 inmates.
Brown said federal overseers have become "nitpicky," that billions of dollars spent because of court intervention "gold plate" prisons and that he thinks state prisoners get better health care than many noncriminals.
The appeal to drop the court-mandated cap was made to a panel of three federal judges. Brown expressed confidence that the justices would side with the state, but said there were further options.
"If we don't (win), we have a direct appeal on the matter of the prison cap to the U.S. Supreme Court, and we will go there if needed," Brown said. In the court filing, state attorneys called the overcrowded conditions and health care issues "a distant memory."
Federal courts ordered reductions in California's prison population because of the overcrowding, which they found violated the Eighth Amendment ban on cruel and unusual punishment for inmates needing medical and mental health care.
The state had previously taken the issue to the U.S. Supreme Court and lost.
A lawyer for inmates called the state's description of prison health care "more wishful thinking than reality."
"Their assertion that the population can't be reduced by 9,000 prisoners is ridiculous," said Donald Specter of the nonprofit Prison Law Office. He noted that state prison officials have classified more than 40 percent of the remaining population as "low-risk."
As for health issues, inmates still "don't get access to timely medical care," Specter said. "There are still waiting lists to get critical mental health treatment. ... The suicide rate is among the highest in the country."
He said the court should reaffirm its order requiring the population reduction by June.
State officials did include other options for further reducing the prison inmate population, though attorneys said they did so under protest.
Jeff Beard, a corrections expert who has long been critical of California prisons and who was recently named by Brown to head the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation, warned against a continued reduction of the population.
"Independent expert reviews have found that California's prison medical and mental health care systems meet constitutional standards. It would be both unnecessary and unsafe for the courts to order further inmate reductions," Beard said in a statement.
Governor's health: Jerry Brown has completed his treatment for prostate cancer. E3
Wyatt Buchanan and Bob Egelko are San Francisco Chronicle staff writers. E-mail: wbuchanan@sfchronicle.com, begelko@sfchronicle.com
Wyatt Buchanan
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Wyatt Buchanan has worked as a staff writer for The San Francisco Chronicle since 2004. During that time, he has covered breaking news, the lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender community and the Board of Supervisors at San Francisco City Hall. He covers the state Capitol for The Chronicle and has written extensively on the state's budget crisis as well as Gov. Jerry Brown and the Legislature. Before joining The Chronicle, Wyatt was a Hearst Fellow.
Bob Egelko
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Bob Egelko has been a reporter since June 1970. He spent 30 years with the Associated Press, covering news, politics and occasionally sports in Los Angeles, San Diego and Sacramento, and legal affairs in San Francisco from 1984 onward. He worked for the San Francisco Examiner for five months in 2000, then joined The Chronicle in November 2000.
His beat includes state and federal courts in California, the Supreme Court and the State Bar. He has a law degree from McGeorge School of Law in Sacramento and is a member of the bar. Coverage has included the passage of Proposition 13 in 1978, the appointment of Rose Bird to the state Supreme Court and her removal by the voters, the death penalty in California and the battles over gay rights and same-sex marriage.


Elza in her typical daytime state.
We have a new member of the household to announce. Meet Elza Salish deVries Kehoe.
Elza was born on June 10, 2013 at 1:40 pm. She weighed in at 7 pounds, 14 ounces, and measured 19.5 inches long, and registers in the 99th percentile cute factor. Elza's birth was a bit of an ordeal; Amie began labor around 3:15 am Sunday morning, and Elza finally popped out Monday afternoon. We had intended to have the birth at home, in the barn, and that is where we began. Unfortunately the birth was not progressing fast enough, so we had to transfer to the Group Health hospital at Capitol Hill. Although we were disappointed not to have Elza at home, we received a great level of care at Group Health.
We were able to return home that same evening and begin enjoying our new household addition and start adjusting to life with our new bundle. Now if only she would sleep at night rather than the daytime, she would be perfect.


Machinery Used for Copper Crushing Prices,Crusher Dealers. Copper ore crusher machine may possibly be the crushing plant especially made for copper ore crushing.
Copper Crusher - GuildWiki, the unofficial Guild Wars wiki . Description . The Copper Crusher is a type of hammer with a very large head composed of three copper squares.
industrial hydraulic manual scrap copper cable crusher and separator machine are made of Alloy Steel, original in German. The hardness is HRC55-58.
Singh quarry equipment p ltd,singh stone crusher. Quarry company pampanga philippines crusher exportposts related to stone crusher and quarry quarry company pampanga.
China PE Series Copper Crusher with Capacity 20-800tph, Find details about China Copper Crusher, Copper Ore Crusher from PE Series Copper ... Product Description.
Primary crushers for copper ores Description : Is primary copper ore grade lower than byproduct home > crusher solution 05 > is primary copper ore grade lower.


Highlight selected items - Navigating through a mobile site is usually not as easy as doing so in a normal website on your PC. One reason for this is that unlike with PCs where you can easily tell where your mouse is, allowing you to simply hover and click with ease, cursor control in mobile devices is not as easy. It often leads to confusion resulting in irritating wrong clicks. To help users avoid this problem make sure you provide a way for them to determine where they are at the mobile site page. You can do this by highlighting the part of the page where the cursor is currently pointing. For this very same reason it is usually good practice to make the background colour of the mobile site white so that whatever colour you choose to highlight items you can be sure that the item will stand out.
Minimise user input - Users will need to type in information at one point or another but make sure you help them out by minimising the occurences where they will need to provide information by typing. Instead give them a list of options where they can choose an answer or narrow down their queries whenever possible. When doing this, however, make sure that you don't end up giving them a long long list of links to browse through. This will only be effective if you give them a several choices and then giving them the option to search if they still need to narrow things down.


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Q: Restarting a service using monit at random intervals I need to restart a process at random intervals using monit. Is it possible to do so? Monit takes a numeric argument in monitrc file. I want to do it at random times in a specific interval. Say, 1-5 minutes.

A: See the following documentation:
https://mmonit.com/monit/documentation/monit.html#SERVICE-POLL-TIME
You can set intervals in monit similar to cron. If it's not a service that you're monitoring, you can write a script that restarts the service and monitor that script as a program in monit (using the above service poll time).

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


I have reviewed and fulfilled all of the conditions of Approval as per a Zoning Board of Appeals Determination filed with the Town Clerk. I have attached a copy of said determination to this form.
If an on-site inspection is required, an inspection fee in the form of a certified check or money order made payable to the Town of East Hampton is enclosed in the amount of $250.


text:
Erwin Baur (ur. 1875, zm. 1933) – niemiecki genetyk i botanik. Jest twórcą nowych odmian roślin uprawnych. Założył hodowlany instytut naukowo-badawczy w Münchebergu. Był profesorem wyższej szkoły rolniczej w Berlinie. W 1908 roku jako pierwszy wykazał mutację letalną u roślin na przykładzie wyżlinu.

Przypisy

Bibliografia
 Encyklopedia PWN, Tom 1, Warszawa 1991.

Niemieccy genetycy
Niemieccy botanicy
Urodzeni w 1875
Zmarli w 1933


Automotive Expert is an automotive management system which includes the original Real-Time Labor Guide system.
Real-Time Labor Guide coverage of domestic and foreign cars, trucks, SUV's, and heavy duty trucks from 1968 – today.
Customer history; save and retrieve your customer's information and repair history.
Package jobs, Technician Tracking. Inventory. Miscellaneous charges.
Customer mailing lists / service reminders / thank you letters.
Several customizable settings that allow Automotive Expert to adapt to the needs of your shop.
Reporting including sales, parts, inventory, pay-type, technician, etc.


"A boy moves to a town to start a brand new life. This game has a huge heart. There's something innocent and nostalgic about this game, it's very humble in execution yet has a lot of potential. The battles are semi first person yet have hand drawn characters attack the monsters Phantasy star style. Really neat."


Yoga Alliance is an organization that was started in 1999 as a way to create nationally recognized standards for yoga teachers and yoga teacher trainings. More and more yoga studios across the world are requiring their teachers to register with Yoga Alliance, either at the 200 or 500 hour level. Yoga Alliance registration, however, is not a legal requirement for teaching yoga. Currently there are no legal certification requirements to be a yoga teacher.