text:
Paper Count: 536
Search results for: coastal
536 Institutional Superposition, over Management and Coastal Economic Development: Coastal Areas in China
Authors: Mingbao Chen, Mingli Zhao
The coastal zone is the intersection of land and sea system, and also is the connecting zone of the two economic systems of land and sea. In the world, all countries attach great importance to the coastal zone management and the coastal zone economy. In China, the government has developed a number of related coastal management policies and institutional, such as marine functional zoning, main function zoning, integrated coastal zone management, to ensure the sustainable utilization of the coastal zone and promote the development of coastal economic. However, in practice, the effect is not satisfactory. This paper analyses the coastal areas of coastal zone management on coastal economic growth contribution based on coastal areas economic development data with the 2007-2015 in China, which uses the method of the evaluation index system of coastal zone management institutional efficiency. The results show that the coastal zone management institutional objectives are not clear, and the institutional has high repeatability. At the same time, over management of coastal zone leads to low economic efficiency because the government management boundary is blurred.
Keywords: institutional overlap, over management, coastal zone management, coastal zone economy
535 Effects of Coastal Structure Construction on Ecosystem
Authors: Afshin Jahangirzadeh, Shatirah Akib, Keyvan Kimiaei, Hossein Basser
Coastal defense structures were built to protect part of shore from beach erosion and flooding by sea water. Effects of coastal defense structures can be negative or positive. Some of the effects are beneficial in socioeconomic aspect, but environment matters should be given more concerns because it can bring bad consequences to the earth landscape and make the ecosystem be unbalanced. This study concerns on the negative impacts as they are dominant. Coastal structures can extremely impact the shoreline configuration. Artificial structures can influence sediment transport, split the coastal space, etc. This can result in habitats loss and lead to noise and visual disturbance of birds. There are two types of coastal defense structures, hard coastal structure and soft coastal structure. Both coastal structures have their own impacts. The impacts are induced during the construction, maintaining, and operation of the structures.
Keywords: ecosystem, environmental impact, hard coastal structures, soft coastal structures
534 Sea Level Rise and Implications for Low-lying areas: Coastal Evolution and Impact of Future Sea Level Rise Scenarios in Mirabello Gulf - NE Crete
Authors: Maria Kazantzaki, Evangelos Tsakalos, Eleni Filippaki, Yannis Bassiakos
Mediterranean areas are characterized by intense seismic and volcanic activity as well as eustatic changes, the result of which is the creation of particularly vulnerable coastal zones. The most vulnerable are low-lying coastal areas, the geomorphological evolution of which are highly affected by natural processes and anthropogenic interventions. Therefore, assessing changes that take place along coastal zones is of great importance in order to enable the development of integrated coastal management plans. A characteristic case is the gulf of Mirabello in N.E Crete, where intense coastal erosion, in combination with the tectonic subsidence of the area, threatens a large part of the coastal zone, resulting in direct socio-economic impacts. The present study assesses the temporal geomorphological changes that have taken place in the coastal zone of Mirabello gulf to provide a clear frame of the coastal zone evolution over time and performs a vulnerability assessment based on the coastal vulnerability index (CVI) methodology by Thieler and Hammar-Klose, considering geological features, coastal slope, relative sea-level change, shoreline erosion/accretion rates and mean significant wave height as well as mean tide range in the area. In light of this, an impact assessment, based on three different sea level rise scenarios, is also performed and presented.
Keywords: coastal vulnerability index, coastal erosion, GIS, sea level rise
533 Forecasting Impacts on Vulnerable Shorelines: Vulnerability Assessment Along the Coastal Zone of Messologi Area - Western Greece
Authors: Evangelos Tsakalos, Maria Kazantzaki, Eleni Filippaki, Yannis Bassiakos
The coastal areas of the Mediterranean have been extensively affected by the transgressive event that followed the Last Glacial Maximum, with many studies conducted regarding the stratigraphic configuration of coastal sediments around the Mediterranean. The coastal zone of the Messologi area, western Greece, consists of low relief beaches containing low cliffs and eroded dunes, a fact which, in combination with the rising sea level and tectonic subsidence of the area, has led to substantial coastal. Coastal vulnerability assessment is a useful means of identifying areas of coastline that are vulnerable to impacts of climate change and coastal processes, highlighting potential problem areas. Commonly, coastal vulnerability assessment takes the form of an 'index' that quantifies the relative vulnerability along a coastline. Here we make use of the coastal vulnerability index (CVI) methodology by Thieler and Hammar-Klose, by considering geological features, coastal slope, relative sea-level change, shoreline erosion/accretion rates, and mean significant wave height as well as mean tide range to assess the present-day vulnerability of the coastal zone of Messologi area. In light of this, an impact assessment is performed under three different sea level rise scenarios, and adaptation measures to control climate change events are proposed. This study contributes toward coastal zone management practices in low-lying areas that have little data information, assisting decision-makers in adopting best adaptations options to overcome sea level rise impact on vulnerable areas similar to the coastal zone of Messologi.
Keywords: coastal vulnerability index, coastal erosion, sea level rise, GIS
532 Harmonization of State Law and Local Laws in Coastal and Marine Areas Management
Authors: N. S. B. Ambarini, Tito Sofyan, Edra Satmaidi
Coastal and marine are two potential natural resource one of the pillars of the national economy. The Indonesian archipelago has marine and coastal which is quite spacious. Various important natural resources such as fisheries, mining and so on are in coastal areas and the sea, so that this region is a unique area with a variety of interests to exploit it. Therefore, to preserve a sustainable manner need good management and comprehensive. To the national and local level legal regulations have been published relating to the management of coastal and marine areas. However, in practice it has not been able to function optimally. Substantially has not touched the problems of the region, especially concerning the interests of local communities (local). This study is a legal non-doctrinal approach to socio-legal studies. Based on the results of research in some coastal and marine areas in Bengkulu province - Indonesia, there is a fact that the system of customary law and local wisdom began to weaken implementation. Therefore harmonization needs to be done in implementing laws and regulations that apply to the values of indigenous and local knowledge that exists in the community.
Keywords: coastal and marine, harmonization, law, local
531 Integrated Imaging Management System: An Approach in the Collaborative Coastal Resource Management of Bagac, Bataan
Authors: Aljon Pangan
The Philippines being an archipelagic country, is surrounded by coastlines (36,289 km), coastal waters (226,000 km²), oceanic waters (1.93 million km²) and territorial waters (2.2 million km²). Studies show that the Philippine coastal ecosystems are the most productive and biologically diverse in the world, however, plagued by degradation problems due to over-exploitation and illegal activities. The existence of coastal degradation issues in the country led to the emergence of Coastal Resource Management (CRM) as an approach to both national and local government in providing solutions for sustainable coastal resource utilization. CRM applies the idea of planning, implementing and monitoring through the lens of collaborative governance. It utilizes collective action and decision-making to achieve sustainable use of coastal resources. The Municipality of Bagac in Bataan is one of the coastal municipalities in the country who crafts its own CRM Program as a solution to coastal resource degradation and problems. Information and Communications Technology (ICT), particularly Integrated Imaging Management System (IIMS) is one approach that can be applied in the formula of collaborative governance which entails the Government, Private Sector, and Civil Society. IIMS can help policymakers, managers, and citizens in managing coastal resources through analyzed spatial data describing the physical, biological, and socioeconomic characteristics of the coastal areas. Moreover, this study will apply the qualitative approach in deciphering possible impacts of the application of IIMS in the Coastal Resource Management policy making and implementation of the Municipality of Bagac.
Keywords: coastal resource management, collaborative governance, integrated imaging management system, information and communication technology
530 Evaluation of Settlement of Coastal Embankments Using Finite Elements Method
Authors: Sina Fadaie, Seyed Abolhassan Naeini
Coastal embankments play an important role in coastal structures by reducing the effect of the wave forces and controlling the movement of sediments. Many coastal areas are underlain by weak and compressible soils. Estimation of during construction settlement of coastal embankments is highly important in design and safety control of embankments and appurtenant structures. Accordingly, selecting and establishing of an appropriate model with a reasonable level of complication is one of the challenges for engineers. Although there are advanced models in the literature regarding design of embankments, there is not enough information on the prediction of their associated settlement, particularly in coastal areas having considerable soft soils. Marine engineering study in Iran is important due to the existence of two important coastal areas located in the northern and southern parts of the country. In the present study, the validity of Terzaghi's consolidation theory has been investigated. In addition, the settlement of these coastal embankments during construction is predicted by using special methods in PLAXIS software by the help of appropriate boundary conditions and soil layers. The results indicate that, for the existing soil condition at the site, some parameters are important to be considered in analysis. Consequently, a model is introduced to estimate the settlement of the embankments in such geotechnical conditions.
Keywords: consolidation, settlement, coastal embankments, numerical methods, finite elements method
529 Research on Building Urban Sustainability along the Coastal Area in China
Authors: Sun Jiaojiao, Fu Jiayan
At present, in China, the research about the urban sustainability construction is still in the exploratory stage. The ecological problems of the coastal area are more sensitive and complicated. In the background of global warming with serious ecological damage, this paper deeply researches on the main characteristics of urban sustainability and measures how to build urban sustainability. Through combination with regional environmental and economic ability along the coastal area, we put forward the system planning framework, construction strategy and the evaluation index system in order to seek the way of building urban sustainability along coastal area in China.
Keywords: urban sustainability, coastal areas, construction strategy, evaluation index system
528 Coastline Change at Koh Tao Island, Thailand
Authors: Cherdvong Saengsupavanich
Human utilizes coastal resources as well as deteriorates them. Coastal tourism may degrade the environment if poorly managed. This research investigated the shoreline change at Koa Toa Island, one of the most famous tourist destinations. Aerial photographs and satellite images from three different periods were collected and analyzed. The results showed that the noticeable shoreline change before and after the tourism on the island had expanded. Between 1995 and 2002 when the tourism on Koh Toa Island was not intensive, sediment deposition occurred along most of the coastline. However, after the tourism had grown during 2002 to 2015, the coast evidently experienced less deposition and more erosion. The erosion resulted from less land-based sediment being provided to the littoral system. If the coastline of Koh Toa Island is not carefully sustained, the tourism will disappear along with the beautiful beach.
Keywords: coastal engineering and management, coastal erosion, coastal tourism, Koh Toa Island, Thailand
527 Land Use Changes in Two Mediterranean Coastal Regions: Do Urban Areas Matter?
Authors: L. Salvati, D. Smiraglia, S. Bajocco, M. Munafò
This paper focuses on Land Use and Land Cover Changes (LULCC) occurred in the urban coastal regions of the Mediterranean basin in the last thirty years. LULCC were assessed diachronically (1975-2006) in two urban areas, Rome (Italy) and Athens (Greece), by using CORINE land cover maps. In strictly coastal territories a persistent growth of built-up areas at the expenses of both agricultural and forest land uses was found. On the contrary, a different pattern was observed in the surrounding inland areas, where a high conversion rate of the agricultural land uses to both urban and forest land uses was recorded. The impact of city growth on the complex pattern of coastal LULCC is finally discussed.
Keywords: land use changes, coastal region, Rome prefecture, Attica, southern Europe
526 Ecotype Hybrids and Ecotype Mixture of Spantina alterniflora Loisel. in Coastal China
Authors: Lu Xia, Nasreen Jeelani, Shuqing An
Spartina alterniflora, a species native to the east coast of North America, is currently the focus of increasing management concern due to its rapid expansion in coastal China. A total of 60 individuals and hundreds of seeds of S. alterniflora collected from three states in the United States representing three ecotypes (F-, G- and N-), i. e., Tampa Bay of Florida, Altamaha estuary of Georgia and Morehead City of North Carolina, were introduced into China in 1979 for ecological engineering purposes. To better understand the plant traits associated with the success of invasion, we examined distribution of ecotype hybrids and ecotype mixtures of the species in China. We collected and analyzed 144 samples from seven populations throughout coastal China (21.6º-38.6ºN; 109.7º-121.8ºE) using amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLP) markers. Results of assignment show that both ecotype hybrids and ecotype mixtures exist in coastal China, especially in southern populations. Therefore, the species' success in coastal China may be attributable largely to the coexistence of various ecotype hybrids and ecotype mixtures.
Keywords: ecotype hybrids, ecotype mixtures, Spartina alterniflora, coastal China
525 Destruction of Coastal Wetlands in Harper City-Liberia: Setting Nature against the Future Society
Authors: Richard Adu Antwako
Coastal wetland destruction and its consequences have recently taken the center stage of global discussions. This phenomenon is no gray area to humanity as coastal wetland-human interaction seems inevitably ingrained in the earliest civilizations, amidst the demanding use of its resources to meet their necessities. The severity of coastal wetland destruction parallels with growing civilizations, and it is against this backdrop that, this paper interrogated the causes of coastal wetland destruction in Harper City in Liberia, compared the degree of coastal wetland stressors to the non-equilibrium thermodynamic scale as well as suggested an integrated coastal zone management to address the problems. Literature complemented the primary data gleaned via global positioning system devices, field observation, questionnaire, and interviews. Multi-sampling techniques were used to generate data from the sand miners, institutional heads, fisherfolk, community-based groups, and other stakeholders. Non-equilibrium thermodynamic theory remains vibrant in discerning the ecological stability, and it would be employed to further understand the coastal wetland destruction in Harper City, Liberia and to measure the coastal wetland stresses-amplitude and elasticity. The non-equilibrium thermodynamics postulates that the coastal wetlands are capable of assimilating resources (inputs), as well as discharging products (outputs). However, the input-output relationship exceedingly stretches beyond the thresholds of the coastal wetlands, leading to coastal wetland disequilibrium. Findings revealed that the sand mining, mangrove removal, and crude dumping have transformed the coastal wetlands, resulting in water pollution, flooding, habitat loss and disfigured beaches in Harper City in Liberia. This paper demonstrates that the coastal wetlands are converted into developmental projects and agricultural fields, thus, endangering the future society against nature.
Keywords: amplitude, crude dumping, elasticity, non-equilibrium thermodynamics, wetland destruction
524 Origin of Salinity Problems during Tsunami and Remedial Measures in Coastal Areas
Authors: N. K. Gupta, R. C. Bhattacharjee
In the aftermath of the tsunami in 2004 and terrible humanitarian disaster affecting thousands of kilometers of coastal south, the immediate priority is to begin the process of reconstruction of livelihoods including basic services. It is likely that many coastal wetlands would have been affected by the large inflow of salt-water and littoral sediments during the tsunami, with longer-term effects including changes in their hydrogeology caused by changes to coastlines and damage to sea-defenses. The reconstruction process is likely to provide opportunities to better integrate environmental protection and management with economic development in the region, including the opportunity to conserve and restore coastal habitats. Presented herein is a study pertaining to salinity problems encountered in coastal south during tsunami in 2004 and the consequent loss of fertility of agricultural land including remedial measures to revitalize economic growth in the region.
Keywords: tsunami, salinity, costal area, reconstruction
523 A Review on the Impact of Institutional Setting on Land Use Conflicts in Coastal Areas
Authors: Roni Susman, Thomas Weith
This article explores how institutional setting, mainly from institutionalism, could clearly explain the understanding of land use conflict analysis in coastal areas and has been used in current practices. Institutional setting appears as a guideline that is committed by the stakeholders who are involved directly or indirectly in land management process. This paper is aimed to identify the setting of institutional and to measure how the conflicts occur, how the actors act and influence the process, how is the condition to apply the appropriate framework for adequate solution of land use conflict in coastal area in order to enhance better decisions. To reflect the current practice and use of theories a qualitative review of 150 scientific peer-reviewed papers regarding the issue of land use conflicts in coastal areas as well as institutional process is included. The selection of peer-reviewed papers is obtained through a structured literature survey of the recently published database in a way to investigate the variances of institutional between theory and practices specifically in the case of coastal land management.
Keywords: coastal areas, institutional settings, land use conflict, land governance, actors' constellation, analytical framework
522 Scouring Rate Pattern/Monitoring at Coastal and Offshore Structures
Authors: Ahmad Saifullah Mazlan, Hossein Basser, Shatirah Akib
Scouring pattern evaluation and measuring its depth around coastal and offshore structures is very essential issue to assure the safety of the structures as well as providing needed design parameters. Scouring is known as one of the important phenomena which threatens the safety of infrastructures. Several countermeasures have been developed to control scouring by protecting the structures against water flow attack directly or indirectly by changing the water flow pattern. Recently, monitoring methods for estimating water flow pattern and scour depth are studied to track the safety of structures. Since most of studies regarding scouring is related to monitoring scouring around piers in rivers therefore it is necessary to develop researches investigating scouring around piers in coastal and offshore areas. This paper describes a review of monitoring methods may be used for detecting scour depth around piers in coastal and offshore structures.
Keywords: scour, monitoring, pier, coastal, offshore
521 Modeling Methodologies for Optimization and Decision Support on Coastal Transport Information System (Co.Tr.I.S.)
Authors: Vassilios Moussas, Dimos N. Pantazis, Panagioths Stratakis
The aim of this paper is to present the optimization methodology developed in the frame of a Coastal Transport Information System. The system will be used for the effective design of coastal transportation lines and incorporates subsystems that implement models, tools and techniques that may support the design of improved networks. The role of the optimization and decision subsystem is to provide the user with better and optimal scenarios that will best fulfill any constrains, goals or requirements posed. The complexity of the problem and the large number of parameters and objectives involved led to the adoption of an evolutionary method (Genetic Algorithms). The problem model and the subsystem structure are presented in detail, and, its support for simulation is also discussed.
Keywords: coastal transport, modeling, optimization
520 Coastal Resources Spatial Planning and Potential Oil Risk Analysis: Case Study of Misratah's Coastal Resources, Libya
Authors: Abduladim Maitieg, Kevin Lynch, Mark Johnson
The goal of the Libyan Environmental General Authority (EGA) and National Oil Corporation (Department of Health, Safety & Environment) during the last 5 years has been to adopt a common approach to coastal and marine spatial planning. Protection and planning of the coastal zone is a significant for Libya, due to the length of coast and, the high rate of oil export, and spills' potential negative impacts on coastal and marine habitats. Coastal resource scenarios constitute an important tool for exploring the long-term and short-term consequences of oil spill impact and available response options that would provide an integrated perspective on mitigation. To investigate that, this paper reviews the Misratah coastal parameters to present the physical and human controls and attributes of coastal habitats as the first step in understanding how they may be damaged by an oil spill. This paper also investigates costal resources, providing a better understanding of the resources and factors that impact the integrity of the ecosystem. Therefore, the study described the potential spatial distribution of oil spill risk and the coastal resources value, and also created spatial maps of coastal resources and their vulnerability to oil spills along the coast. This study proposes an analysis of coastal resources condition at a local level in the Misratah region of the Mediterranean Sea, considering the implementation of coastal and marine spatial planning over time as an indication of the will to manage urban development. Oil spill contamination analysis and their impact on the coastal resources depend on (1) oil spill sequence, (2) oil spill location, (3) oil spill movement near the coastal area. The resulting maps show natural, socio-economic activity, environmental resources along of the coast, and oil spill location. Moreover, the study provides significant geodatabase information which is required for coastal sensitivity index mapping and coastal management studies. The outcome of study provides the information necessary to set an Environmental Sensitivity Index (ESI) for the Misratah shoreline, which can be used for management of coastal resources and setting boundaries for each coastal sensitivity sectors, as well as to help planners measure the impact of oil spills on coastal resources. Geographic Information System (GIS) tools were used in order to store and illustrate the spatial convergence of existing socio-economic activities such as fishing, tourism, and the salt industry, and ecosystem components such as sea turtle nesting area, Sabkha habitats, and migratory birds feeding sites. These geodatabases help planners investigate the vulnerability of coastal resources to an oil spill.
Keywords: coastal and marine spatial planning advancement training, GIS mapping, human uses, ecosystem components, Misratah coast, Libyan, oil spill
519 Tornadic Waterspout Impacts on Coastal Zones
Authors: Matthew J. Glanville, Christian J. Rohr
Coastal waterspout activity is known to occur globally over a wide climatic range. This study has focussed on recent tornadic waterspout activity along the temperate New South Wales coastline of Australia. Recent tornadic waterspout impacts were surveyed at Kurnell, Kiama, and Lennox Head in coastal New South Wales and are thought to have formed either wholly or partly offshore. It is proposed that a warm, moist layer of air at the sea surface creates more unstable atmospheric conditions than would an approaching supercell path over land, and hence a greater propensity to generate a tornadic event. Measured and observed wind velocities in the vicinity of 60 ms-1 associated with the observed tornadic waterspouts are considerably higher in magnitude than the basic wind speed presented in AS1170.2 for an estimated return period of 2000 years in Region A.
Keywords: coastal, survey, tornadic, waterspout
518 Summarizing Data Sets for Data Mining by Using Statistical Methods in Coastal Engineering
Authors: Yunus Doğan, Ahmet Durap
Coastal regions are the one of the most commonly used places by the natural balance and the growing population. In coastal engineering, the most valuable data is wave behaviors. The amount of this data becomes very big because of observations that take place for periods of hours, days and months. In this study, some statistical methods such as the wave spectrum analysis methods and the standard statistical methods have been used. The goal of this study is the discovery profiles of the different coast areas by using these statistical methods, and thus, obtaining an instance based data set from the big data to analysis by using data mining algorithms. In the experimental studies, the six sample data sets about the wave behaviors obtained by 20 minutes of observations from Mersin Bay in Turkey and converted to an instance based form, while different clustering techniques in data mining algorithms were used to discover similar coastal places. Moreover, this study discusses that this summarization approach can be used in other branches collecting big data such as medicine.
Keywords: clustering algorithms, coastal engineering, data mining, data summarization, statistical methods
517 Numerical Investigation of Wave Run-Up on Curved Dikes
Authors: Suba Periyal Subramaniam, Babette Scheres, Altomare Corrado, Holger Schuttrumpf
Due to the climatic change and the usage of coastal areas, there is an increasing risk of dike failures along the coast worldwide. Wave run-up plays a key role in planning and design of a coastal structure. The coastal dike lines are bent either due to geological characteristics or due to influence of anthropogenic activities. The effect of the curvature of coastal dikes on wave run-up and overtopping is not yet investigated. The scope of this research is to find the effects of the dike curvature on wave run-up by employing numerical model studies for various dike opening angles. Numerical simulation is carried out using DualSPHysics, a meshless method, and OpenFOAM, a mesh-based method. The numerical results of the wave run-up on a curved dike and the wave transformation process for various opening angles, wave attacks, and wave parameters will be compared and discussed. This research aims to contribute a more precise analysis and understanding the influence of the curvature in the dike line and thus ensuring a higher level of protection in the future development of coastal structures.
Keywords: curved dikes, DualSPHysics, OpenFOAM, wave run-up
516 Coastal Vulnerability under Significant Sea Level Rise: Risk and Adaptation Measures for Mumbai
Authors: Malay Kumar Pramanik
Climate change induced sea level rise increases storm surge, erosion, and inundation, which are stirred by an intricate interplay of physical environmental components at the coastal region. The Mumbai coast is much vulnerable to accelerated regional sea level change due to its highly dense population, highly developed economy, and low topography. To determine the significant causes behind coastal vulnerability, this study analyzes four different iterations of CVI by incorporating the pixel-based differentially weighted rank values of the selected five geological (CVI5), three physical (CVI8 with including geological variables), and four socio-economic variables (CVI4). However, CVI5 and CVI8 results yielded broadly similar natures, but after including socio-economic variables (CVI4), the results CVI (CVI12) has been changed at Mumbai and Kurla coastal portion that indicates the study coastal areas are mostly sensible with socio-economic variables. Therefore, the results of CVI12 show that out of 274.1 km of coastline analyzed, 55.83 % of the coast is very low vulnerable, 60.91 % of the coast is moderately vulnerable while 50.75 % is very high vulnerable. Finding also admits that in the context of growing urban population and the increasing rate of economic activities, socio-economic variables are most important variable to use for validating and testing the CVI. Finally, some recommendations are presented for concerned decision makers and stakeholders to develop appropriate coastal management plans, nourishment projects and mitigation measures considering socio-economic variables.
Keywords: coastal vulnerability index, sea level change, Mumbai coast, geospatial approach, coastal management, climate change
515 Enrichment and Flux of Heavy Metals along the Coastal Sediments of Pakistan
Authors: Asmat Siddiqui, Noor Us Saher
Heavy metal contamination in the marine environment is a global issue, and in past decades, this problem has intensified due to an increase in urbanization and industrialization, especially in developing countries. Marine sediments act as a preliminary indicator of heavy metal contamination in the coastal and estuarine environment, which has adverse effects on biota as well as in the marine system. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the contamination status, enrichment, and flux of heavy metals in two monitoring years from coastal sediments of Pakistan. A total of 74 sediment samples were collected from seven coastal areas of Pakistan in two monitoring years, 2001-03 (MY-I) and 2011-13 (MY-II). The geochemical properties (grain size analysis, organic contents and eight heavy metals, i.e. Fe, Zn, Cu, Cr, Ni, Co, Pb, and Cd) of all sediment samples were analyzed. A significant increase in Fe, Ni and Cr concentrations detected between the years, whereas no significant differences were exhibited in Cu, Zn, Co, Pb and Cd concentrations. The extremely high enrichment (>50) of Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd were scrutinized in both monitoring years. The annual deposition flux of heavy metals ranged from 0.63 to 66.44 and 0.78 to 68.27 tons per year in MY-I and MY-II, respectively, with the lowest flux evaluated for Cd and highest for Zn in both monitoring years. A significant increase (p <0.05) was observed in the burial flux of Cr and Ni during the last decade in coastal sediments. The use of geo-indicators is helpful to assess the contamination analysis for management and conservation of the marine environment.
Keywords: coastal contamination, enrichment factor, geo-indicator, heavy metal flux
514 Coastal Adaptation to Climate Change: A Review of EU Tools, Legislation, National Strategies and Projects in the Mediterranean Basin
Authors: Dimitris Kokkinos, Panagiotis Prinos
In the last three decades, climate change has been studied extensively from scientific community, and its consequences are more than clear all around the world. Most countries have carried out a great effort to reduce global warming rates with the ratification and implementation of several international treaties. Moreover, many of them have already adopted national plans in order to adapt to climate change effects and mitigate human and economic losses. Coastal environments, with their inherent physical sensitivity, will face important challenges as a result of projected changes in climate conditions and hundreds of millions of people will be affected. Coastal zones are of high social and economic value and this research focuses on the Mediterranean basin, which is a densely populated and highly urbanized area. With 40% of its land used for human activity and the inevitability of the impacts of the climate change, it is obvious that some form of adaptation measures will be necessary. In this regard, the EU tools, policies and legislation concerning adaptation to climate change are presented. Additionally, the National Adaptation Strategies of State members of the Mediterranean basin are compared and analyzed concerning the coastal areas, along with an overview of projects and programs results focused on coastal issues at different spatial scales. The purpose of this research is to stress the differences between Mediterranean State members at methodologies implemented, to highlight the possible gaps in co-ordination and to emphasize on research initiatives that EU can build upon moving towards an integrated adaptation planning on a region-wide basis.
Keywords: coastal adaptation, Mediterranean Basin, climate change, coastal environments
513 Effects of Structure on Density-Induced Flow in Coastal and Estuarine Navigation Channel
Authors: Shuo Huang, Huomiao Guo, Wenrui Huang
In navigation channels located in coasts and estuaries as the waterways connecting coastal water to ports or harbors, density-induced flow often exist due to the density-gradient or gravity gradient as the results of mixing between fresh water from coastal rivers and saline water in the coasts. The density-induced flow often carries sediment transport into navigation channels and causes sediment depositions in the channels. As a result, expensive dredging may need to maintain the water depth required for navigation. In our study, we conduct a series of experiments to investigate the characteristics of density-induced flow in the estuarine navigation channels under different density gradients. Empirical equations between density flow and salinity gradient were derived. Effects of coastal structures for regulating navigation channel on density-induced flow have also been investigated. Results will be very helpful for improving the understanding of the characteristics of density-induced flow in estuarine navigation channels. The results will also provide technical support for cost-effective waterway regulation and management to maintain coastal and estuarine navigation channels.
Keywords: density flow, estuarine, navigation channel, structure
512 Spatio-Temporal Variation of Suspended Sediment Concentration in the near Shore Waters, Southern Karnataka, India
Authors: Ateeth Shetty, K. S. Jayappa, Ratheesh Ramakrishnan, A. S. Rajawat
Suspended Sediment Concentration (SSC) was estimated for the period of four months (November, 2013 to February 2014) using Oceansat-2 (Ocean Colour Monitor) satellite images to understand the coastal dynamics and regional sediment transport, especially distribution and budgeting in coastal waters. The coastal zone undergoes continuous changes due to natural processes and anthropogenic activities. The importance of the coastal zone, with respect to safety, ecology, economy and recreation, demands a management strategy in which each of these aspects is taken into account. Monitoring and understanding the sediment dynamics and suspended sediment transport is an important issue for coastal engineering related activities. A study of the transport mechanism of suspended sediments in the near shore environment is essential not only to safeguard marine installations or navigational channels, but also for the coastal structure design, environmental protection and disaster reduction. Such studies also help in assessment of pollutants and other biological activities in the region. An accurate description of the sediment transport, caused by waves and tidal or wave-induced currents, is of great importance in predicting coastal morphological changes. Satellite-derived SSC data have been found to be useful for Indian coasts because of their high spatial (360 m), spectral and temporal resolutions. The present paper outlines the applications of state‐of‐the‐art operational Indian Remote Sensing satellite, Oceansat-2 to study the dynamics of sediment transport.
Keywords: suspended sediment concentration, ocean colour monitor, sediment transport, case – II waters
511 Coastal Flood Mapping of Vulnerability Due to Sea Level Rise and Extreme Weather Events: A Case Study of St. Ives, UK
Authors: S. Vavias, T. R. Brewer, T. S. Farewell
Coastal floods have been identified as an important natural hazard that can cause significant damage to the populated built-up areas, related infrastructure and also ecosystems and habitats. This study attempts to fill the gap associated with the development of preliminary assessments of coastal flood vulnerability for compliance with the EU Directive on the Assessment and Management of Flood Risks (2007/60/EC). In this context, a methodology has been created by taking into account three major parameters; the maximum wave run-up modelled from historical weather observations, the highest tide according to historic time series, and the sea level rise projections due to climate change. A high resolution digital terrain model (DTM) derived from LIDAR data has been used to integrate the estimated flood events in a GIS environment. The flood vulnerability map created shows potential risk areas and can play a crucial role in the coastal zone planning process. The proposed method has the potential to be a powerful tool for policy and decision makers for spatial planning and strategic management.
Keywords: coastal floods, vulnerability mapping, climate change, extreme weather events
510 Sustainability in Maritime Transport: Impact of Cruise Ships Routing in Coastal Navigation
Authors: Josip Dorigatti, Tina Perić, Gorana Jelić Mrčelić
This paper makes a review of present researches on sustainable development, sustainable maritime transport and presents the problem of sustainability in the cruise ships industry. It deals with cruise ships' routing in coastal navigation and its impact on sustainability from environmental, economical, and social aspects. A review of researches available on maritime sustainability brings to the attention how sustainability from a maritime transport perspective is still not enough analysed and researched as it is the case in other industries. The paper emphasises how the operational part of the cruising industry, in particular cruise ships routing in coastal navigation, is not yet researched nor analysed from the aspect of sustainability. The author, based on his extensive senior officer experience in the cruising industry, makes an overview of cruise ship routing practice. Accordingly, based on present cruise industry trends, challenges are highlighted from the aspect of sustainable cruise ships routing in coastal navigation.
Keywords: sustainable development, maritime transport, cruise shipping, cruise ship routes, coastal navigation
509 Corrosion Monitoring of Weathering Steel in a Simulated Coastal-Industrial Environment
Authors: Thee Chowwanonthapunya, Junhua Dong, Wei Ke
The atmospheres in many cities along the coastal lines in the world have been rapidly changed to coastal-industrial atmosphere. Hence, it is vital to investigate the corrosion behavior of steel exposed to this kind of environment. In this present study, Electrochemical Impedance Spectrography (EIS) and film thickness measurements were applied to monitor the corrosion behavior of weathering steel covered with a thin layer of the electrolyte in a wet-dry cyclic condition, simulating a coastal-industrial environment at 25 oC and 60 % RH. The results indicate that in all cycles, the corrosion rate increases during the drying process due to an increase in anion concentration and an acceleration of oxygen diffusion enhanced by the effect of the thinning out of the electrolyte. During the wet-dry cyclic corrosion test, the long-term corrosion behavior of this steel depends on the periods of exposure. Corrosion process is first accelerated and then decelerated. The decelerating corrosion process is contributed to the formation of the protective rust, favored by the wet-dry cycle and the acid regeneration process during the rusting process.
Keywords: atmospheric corrosion, EIS, low alloy, rust
508 Mathematical Modeling to Reach Stability Condition within Rosetta River Mouth, Egypt
Authors: Ali Masria , Abdelazim Negm, Moheb Iskander, Oliver C. Saavedra
Estuaries play an important role in exchanging water and providing a navigational pathway for ships. These zones are very sensitive and vulnerable to any interventions in coastal dynamics. Almost major of these inlets experience coastal problems such as severe erosion, and accretion. Rosetta promontory, Egypt is an example of this environment. It suffers from many coastal problems as erosion problem along the coastline and siltation problem inside the inlet. It is due to lack of water and sediment resources as a side effect of constructing the Aswan High dam. The shoaling of the inlet leads to hindering the navigation process of fishing boats, negative impacts to estuarine and salt marsh habitat and decrease the efficiency of the cross section to transfer the flow during emergencies to the sea. This paper aims to reach a new condition of stability of Rosetta Promontory by using coastal measures to control the sediment entering, and causes shoaling inside the inlet. These coastal measures include modifying the inlet cross section by using centered jetties, eliminate the coastal dynamic in the entrance using boundary jetties. This target is achieved by using a hydrodynamic model Coastal Modeling System (CMS). Extensive field data collection (hydrographic surveys, wave data, tide data, and bed morphology) is used to build and calibrate the model. About 20 scenarios were tested to reach a suitable solution that mitigate the coastal problems at the inlet. The results show that 360 m jetty in the eastern bank with system of sand bypass from the leeside of the jetty can stabilize the estuary.
Keywords: Rosetta promontory, erosion, sedimentation, inlet stability
507 Water Quality and Coastal Management Profile Assessment of Puerto Galera Bay, Philippines
Authors: Ma. Manna Farrel B. Pinto
As global industrialization progresses, the environment remains to be at risk of disturbances brought by developments of cities and communities. Impacts of flourishing industries such as tourism require rapid growth of establishments and may threaten ecosystems and natural resources. Puerto Galera as a biosphere reserve and declared as the Center of the World's Center of Marine Shorefish Biodiversity is on the brink of ecological deterioration as tourism further develops in its coastal areas. Apparently, attempts were initiated to establish a baseline for designation of protection in the economic and coastal marine zones of Puerto Galera but continuity of its implementation and coordination of concerned units remains deficient. Indications of eutrophication have been observed based on water quality analysis although parameter values still comply with the national standards for coastal waters. Water quality data, biodiversity and hydrodynamic information, gathered from studies, and local government units were analysed to assess the condition of the coast as well as acting policies implemented by the local authorities. Sources of contaminants were also located in its three main communities, and their shores wherein in recommendations for installing wastewater treatment facilities and further improvement of policies of waste discharge must be addressed. With a conceptual framework proposed in the study, a comprehensive data analysis and coordinated management are necessary to form an integrated coastal management for further protection and preservation of the sustainable coastal marine ecosystem of Puerto Galera.
Keywords: coastal management, environmental management, integrated resource management, Puerto Galera


EditRocket provides the following information on pprint functions in the Python source code builder.
isrecursive(object) - Determine if object requires a recursive representation.
pformat(object[, indent[,width[, depth]]]) - Return the formatted representation of object as a string.
pprint(object[, stream[,indent[, width[, depth]]]]) - Prints the formatted representation of object on stream, followed by a newline.
saferepr(object) - Return a string representation of object, protected against recursive data structures.


Steinberg Media Technologies GmbH today announced the immediate availability of Funk Essentials, the latest expansion from the acclaimed collection of VST Sound Instrument Sets.
Funk Essentials comprises major funk styles of complex grooves, abiding rhythmical precision while grasping aesthetic musicality that reminds of archetypal elements appreciated in many funk hits.
Available for the Acoustic Agent drum kits in Steinberg's award-winning Groove Agent 4 drum software and the Groove Agent SE 4 plug-in included in Cubase Pro 8 and Cubase Artist 8, Funk Essentials consists of ten presets that each contain a Style for the Style Player and individual mixer settings. Variable in complexity and intensity, each Style consists of a wide selection of intros, main grooves, fills and endings.
Visit www.steinberg.net/funkessentials for details on Funk Essentials.


text:
Corrigendum related to the advertisement number No.PU/507/ADV/944 dated 10 March 2022 for the position of Project linked Junior Research Fellow purely on temporary basis in the Physics and Applied Mathematics Unit of the Institute, Kolkata.
Contact person: Physics and Applied Mathematics Unit, (033)-2575-3020.
Indian Statistical Institute (ISI), Kolkata is inviting applications for the recruitment of One (01) Project linked Administrative Staff on purely temporary basis to work in a project titled "Advanced Machine Learning Techniques for Cryptanalysis", funded by Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), in the Centre for Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning (CAIML) of the Institute.
Contact person: Centre for Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning
Click here to apply: https://forms.gle/dTQXxTRNVHB6KW4x8
Indian Statistical Institute inviting applications for the recruitment of two (02) Project linked Junior Research Fellows on purely temporary basis to work on the project titled "Advanced Machine Learning Techniques for Cryptanalysis" funded by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), in the Centre for Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning (CAIML) of the Institute, Kolkata.
Click here to apply: https://forms.gle/bjrRKFXUYr9iwt326
Applications are invited for recruitment of one (01) project linked person purely on temporary basis to work on the following project in the Theoretical and Applied Sciences Unit (TASU) of the Indian Statistical Institute, North-East Centre, Tezpur, Assam. Title of the project: Assessment of atmospheric particulate matter (PM25) and associated elemental carbon, organic carbon and water soluble organic carbon.
List of eligible candidates for the recruitment of contractual consultant(legal)
List of non-eligible candidates for the recruitment of contractual consultant(legal)
Applications are invited for the position of Project linked Junior Research Fellow in a DST funded project titled "Strategizing with Partial Information - From Game Theory, Logic and Automata Theory to Experiments and Computational Cognitive Models" in the Computer Science Unit of the Indian Statistical Institute, Chennai Centre.
Click here to apply: https://forms.gle/w7kffJjcyXJtNQjU6
Applications are invited for the position of Project Assistant for a DST funded project titled "Strategizing with Partial Information - From Game Theory, Logic and Automata Theory to Experiments and Computational Cognitive Models" in the Computer Science Unit of the Indian Statistical Institute, Chennai Centre.
Click here to apply: https://forms.gle/XfRvx6nMeLmyAKhp7
Indian Statistical Institute (ISI), Kolkata is inviting applications for the recruitment of three (03) Project linked persons (one position for Project 1 and two positions for Project 2) purely on temporary basis to work for the following research project titled (1) "Peak demand forecasting for next 10 years with advanced machine learning models" and (2) "Digital Restoration and Reconstruction of Indian Heritage Artefacts with focus on Murals, Manuscripts and Sculptures using Big Data Technology" in the Electronics & Communication Sciences Unit of the Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Rumiñahui (quechua: rumi=piedra, ñawi o ñahui =ojo  volcán inactivo fuertemente erosionado de 4.712 m altura. Situado 40 kilómetros al sur de Quito en los Andes orientales de Ecuador, eclipsado por su vecino famoso el Cotopaxi. Es de fácil subida.

Véase también
 Anexo:Montañas de la cordillera de los Andes
 Anexo:Montañas de Ecuador
 Anexo:Volcanes de Ecuador
 Geografía de Ecuador
 Región Interandina del Ecuador
 Provincia de Pichincha

Enlaces externos
 Rumiñahui 2003

Volcanes de Ecuador
Rumiñahui (cantón)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Gigs at The Public cost taxpayers £25,000
Never out of the press for long The Public has made yet another appearance in the Express & Star today as it turns out that over £25,000 of taxpayers' money has been paid to musicians performing at the venue.
Not including those who performed at events staged by Public Gallery Ltd (who went into administration in February) the paper reports that the cash was shared between 85 acts appearing at the failing gallery since June last year.
The Freedom of Information response did not disclose which acts were paid and how the cash was distributed, but the money came from the £450,000 given to 'Destination West Bromwich' by the European Union. The scheme is run by the city council, who also chipped in £800,000 of public cash.
The article points out that due to "technical glitches" The Public has still yet to take a paying customer, despite costing taxpayers and estimated £63million.
Regardless of whether people have paid to see the actual gallery, we might reasonably have expected music fans to pay to see acts playing in the building's performance space and for these musicians to be paid from ticket sales. It appears this just isn't the case and that the management have no intentions of running The Public as a business in an attempt to cover costs. Now disinterested local ratepayers have shelled out for bands they've never heard of and didn't see to play to people who didn't pay (or if they did the money has been swallowed up elsewhere).
Spokesmen for the gallery often speak about the hundreds (perhaps even thousands) of people who've come to West Bromwich to watch music at The Public, but it appears this has done little to relieve the burden on taxpayers, and has, in fact, increased it.
In the scheme of things £25,000 isn't a huge amount of money, certainly not when set against the backdrop of the millions this building has already cost, but it exceeds what many Sandwell people are paid in a year and tells a tale on those who would've had us believe these live music performances were a money-spinner


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text:
school and colleges
chandigarh elections
bol daal
pollution news
Haryana sees third honour killing in two days, girl murdered and cremated in Bahadurgarh
This story is from February 22, 2018
Manvir Saini / TNN / Feb 22, 2018, 20:49 IST
Two unidentified women found dead at separate places in Ambala
Sukhbir Badal asks farmers not to allow installation of meters
Representative image.
CHANDIGARH: In a third incident of honour killing in two days, a BA final year student was allegedly murdered and quietly cremated by her father and other relatives in Lukvas village of Bahadurgarh rural area of Jhajjar district.
As to how the girl was murdered could not be ascertained. It is learnt that girl's father, identified as Ajay Singh, and his family members had quietly cremated the dead body on the night intervening Wednesday and Thursday.
Having failed to stop the cremation in night, Jasbir Singh, the SHO of Bahadurgarh Sadar police station collected the ashes and remains of girls dead body on Thursday morning
"We have registered a case of murder and destruction of evidence against Ajay Singh and his relatives at Sadar police station. Accused are on the run," said Singh.
"We were informed about the incident by a resident of the village. He informed us about the death and that the family was on their way to cremate her. Let the team arrest the accused and only then we shall ascertain as to how and when she was murdered - if this was the case," added the SHO who is also an investigating officer of the case.
According to the information, the deceased, Kajal, was student of BA final year. On Wednesday evening she was allegedly thrashed by her parents.
According to villagers, victim's father told them that Kajal had returned home in the evening. She looked upset and directly went to her room, where she committed suicide by hanging herself. Some family members spotted her and then the family and relatives decided to cremate her dead body without postmortem.
However, it is alleged that Kajal was in a relationship with somebody and the family had spotted her with him and this resulted into the incident.
Notably, on Wednesday, a teenage boy was brutally murdered by the brother and friends of his girlfriend in a village of Mahendergarh district. Police is conducting raids to arrest the accused.
In another incident, a bullet-ridden dead boy a 26-year-old man was found in the outskirts of his house in Matindu village. Pardeep, the victim was allegedly shot dead by brothers of a girl who was supposed to get married on Tuesday night.
Covid live: Karnataka reports 41k cases, Kerala 28.4k in big single-day spike
UPA's Devas deal a 'fraud on people of India', says FM


Armstrong-Ellis Elementary School is a public elementary school located in Armstrong, IL in the Armstrong-Ellis Cons School District 61. It enrolls 68 students in grades 1st through 12th. Armstrong-Ellis Elementary School is the 2,400th largest public school in Illinois and the 54,208th largest nationally. It has 5.8 students to every teacher.
The form below lets you find Armstrong-Ellis Elementary School alumni info and Armstrong-Ellis Elementary School students.
Out of 2,421 ranked schools in Illinois, Armstrong-Ellis Elementary School is ranked 2,155th for total students on lunch assistance.
The percentage of Armstrong-Ellis Elementary School students on free and reduced lunch assistance (64.7%) is slightly higher than the state average of 52.9%. This may indicate that the area has a higher level of poverty than the state average.


text:
Previous 101 to 200 of 852 Next
Property flooding from eroded public footpath/steps
Closed 16:00, 22 Jul 2020, last updated 10:56, 3 Nov 2020
One long bramble blocking steps from St John's Lane to Cotswold Rd
Street light permanently on towards the junction of St Dunstans rd/Clinton Rd
Fixed 18:27, 16 Jul 2020, last updated 17:04, 17 Sep 2020
Closed 12:17, 9 Jul 2020, last updated 00:05, 10 Sep 2020
Overgrown trees and hedges obstructing pavement on Whitehouse Lane
11:00, 6 Jul 2020, last updated 16:47, 21 Jul 2020
Cluster of potholes
Closed 17:19, 3 Jul 2020, last updated 14:35, 8 Jul 2020
Street light on church road not working
16:14, 3 Jul 2020, last updated 11:31, 5 Jul 2020
Uneven surface
Large Hole Under The Main Road
Closed 11:48, 3 Jul 2020, last updated 12:21, 2 Oct 2020
Dangerous rusty pole sign
Uneven pavement
About 30cm long pot hole after the third lamppost from the railway bridge at the primary school
Cars parking on pavement on narrow Church Road 24/7 blocking access
12:36, 30 Jun 2020, last updated 12:47, 29 Jul 2020
Stickers obscuring the No Through Road signs at bottom of Langton Park
Street light shining right into window
Fixed 01:13, 26 Jun 2020, last updated 17:04, 17 Sep 2020
Drain completely blocked and smelling outside 17 Mendip Road
09:03, 24 Jun 2020, last updated 17:14, 23 Oct 2020
Both street lights off after thunder storm
Curb uneven cant get mobility scooter over without damaging underneath of my transport
Hedging almost comnpletely blocking the pavement again.
Flooded gutter & across street/pavement
Fixed 13:25, 19 Jun 2020, last updated 08:48, 21 Jun 2020
Drain blocked outside 82 Quantock road
08:55, 19 Jun 2020, last updated 09:29, 6 Aug 2020
Light is on all day
Gulley blocked causing flooding
Fixed 18:50, 12 Jun 2020, last updated 13:12, 6 Nov 2020
Overgrown hedges
10:32, 9 Jun 2020, last updated 10:14, 22 Jun 2020
Houses shaking when Bus goes past
Fixed 09:59, 9 Jun 2020, last updated 16:20, 9 Jul 2020
Drain completely blocked.
Fixed 14:35, 8 Jun 2020, last updated 10:10, 11 Nov 2020
Drain dropped several inches
17:03, 3 Jun 2020, last updated 10:39, 10 Jul 2020
Street light not working out side 41 st johns road bs34jj
Hedges obstructing footway
Fixed 17:40, 28 May 2020, last updated 22:15, 23 Jul 2020
Utility/drain cover dropping and moving when cars drive over it it moves back and forth making lots of noise. This cover has dropped in before and required substantial work to fix
16:27, 26 May 2020, last updated 10:46, 29 Jul 2020
Drain cover upended on Booth Road - trip hazard and would damage a car wheel/tyre
Overgrown trees and bushes along the pavement
Fixed 13:53, 20 May 2020, last updated 13:37, 23 Jun 2020
Kite String tangled in top of telegraph pole string across road
Fixed 13:43, 19 May 2020, last updated 10:26, 9 Jun 2020
Street light off totally. Outside 15 Sidmouth Gdns.
Bollard on corner of East Street & Dean Street hit in Vehicle Collision
Bins left out on street 24/7
13:43, 8 May 2020, last updated 19:01, 5 Jun 2020
Large forest tree overhanging property 15 lambourn close. Needs cutting back as promised over 5 years ago.
Once again grass has been cut and they have knocked the drain cover if anybody stands on it it will give way and someone will get badly hurt, there is nothing holding it in place
20:39, 5 May 2020, last updated 12:45, 18 May 2020
Fixed 11:13, 4 May 2020, last updated 16:26, 18 Jun 2020
Manhole cover loose
12:25, 2 May 2020, last updated 11:11, 24 Jun 2020
Hedge needs cutting
Fixed 09:19, 30 Apr 2020, last updated 09:56, 10 Aug 2020
Multippe small potholes along the road
Closed 13:01, 24 Apr 2020, last updated 13:35, 4 May 2020
Multiple missing BE RPZ signs
10:33, 21 Apr 2020, last updated 10:51, 6 Jul 2020
Speed bump on Catherine Mead st with no markings
Closed 09:45, 18 Apr 2020, last updated 23:05, 10 May 2020
Drainage gulley not functioning
Fixed 09:41, 18 Apr 2020, last updated 13:12, 6 Nov 2020
Light cover has fallen down
Drain blocked outside Catherine Mead Mews, Catherine Mead Street.
10 inch sinkhole
Manhole cover in Dunkerry Road outside 20 rocking making disturbing noised parking space) is loose and every time a car drives over it , it makes a noise. I hear it a lot at 24 but apparently even my neighbours much further down the street hear it.
Fixed 18:37, 9 Apr 2020, last updated 13:14, 13 Aug 2020
Skip placed on Merrywood Close.
10:47, 6 Apr 2020, last updated 09:51, 6 Apr 2020
Street Light on the north side of Bedminster Road near Francis Road is not working
Fixed 07:52, 2 Apr 2020, last updated 15:38, 16 Apr 2020
Sewage smell from drain
19:19, 28 Mar 2020, last updated 11:26, 1 Jul 2020
Fixed 23:53, 20 Mar 2020, last updated 16:04, 17 Jun 2020
Length of road
Closed 10:57, 16 Mar 2020, last updated 16:16, 14 Apr 2020
Broken street light
Traffic lights out
Pothole in the road
Fixed 12:07, 10 Mar 2020, last updated 09:04, 6 Apr 2020
Huge deep multiple pot holes that are dangerous to tow wheeled traffic
Fixed 12:22, 9 Mar 2020, last updated 13:16, 15 Jun 2020
Cover on light is hanging loose
Fixed 19:34, 8 Mar 2020, last updated 07:05, 6 Apr 2020
Pothole forming
Closed 09:46, 7 Mar 2020, last updated 12:48, 30 Apr 2020
Cars parked illegally on double yellow lines on East Street
14:28, 5 Mar 2020, last updated 15:17, 5 Mar 2020
Frequent bird droppings
Fixed 10:26, 5 Mar 2020, last updated 16:32, 6 Nov 2020
Surface poorly restored after roadworks
Closed 14:15, 2 Mar 2020, last updated 11:24, 27 May 2020
It's been bent and is in danger of falling over.
Fixed 13:09, 1 Mar 2020, last updated 11:59, 16 Mar 2020
Large hole in road
Closed 19:23, 29 Feb 2020, last updated 10:41, 28 Apr 2020
Lamp no. 3 is out
Fixed 11:38, 26 Feb 2020, last updated 15:37, 16 Apr 2020
Light not lit
Fixed 14:21, 25 Feb 2020, last updated 11:59, 16 Mar 2020
Street lights not fully functioning
Cars parking in bike lane
Street light still out
Fixed 23:16, 19 Feb 2020, last updated 11:18, 28 Feb 2020
Wall falling down
20:08, 19 Feb 2020, last updated 20:10, 19 Feb 2020
A wooden slope on the pavement outside 12 North Street.
Closed 13:40, 19 Feb 2020, last updated 00:05, 13 Mar 2020
Lamp gone out again
Road surface breaking up and need resurfacing.
Closed 09:34, 19 Feb 2020, last updated 09:57, 3 Mar 2020
Sign dislodged
Closed 18:49, 18 Feb 2020, last updated 13:14, 18 May 2020
11:03, 18 Feb 2020, last updated 12:25, 3 Jul 2020
Light too bright shining in bedroom window
Traffic island needed
Faded 20mph sign
Faded 20mph
Faded 20mph sign Warden Road
16:44, 16 Feb 2020, last updated 10:34, 29 Jul 2020
Zebra crossing light on Dean Lane broken
Missing barrier Dame Emily Park Dean Lane
16:10, 16 Feb 2020, last updated 16:00, 9 Apr 2020
Street Lamp not on
Rubble and rubbish
Fly tipping - rubbish
Blocked /flooding drain
Bollard knocked down
Sunken lid, fall hazard
Closed 14:46, 7 Feb 2020, last updated 15:20, 8 Apr 2020
2 lights not lit North of pH Dean lane Catherine mead at
Christmas Lights still erected
Merrywood Road
Closed 14:31, 5 Feb 2020, last updated 14:41, 30 Sep 2020


For the last couple of weeks we have started to put the finishing touches to our upcoming EP – Midnight in Brooklyn. So exciting! We laid down some gorgeous guitar tracks at the weekend and this week we have been adding flute parts to add color and depth. More news soon but watch this space as we'll announce the release date soon!
Welcome to the website of the band Marlowe Grey. Find our music here, check out our photos and video, and find out about our upcoming shows!


Have fun playing the latest and greatest games in our arcade where you will win tickets to buy prizes in The Stuff Shop. Our Stuff Shop redemption center offers a huge selection of toys and prizes for all ages.
Try your luck at skee-ball.
Whatever you choose, you will have a great time!


text:
Q: Linear recursion with convergent coefficients Suppose we have a linear recurrence relation
$$x_n = \alpha_n x_{n-1}+ \beta_n x_{n-2} + y_n,$$
where

*

*$(\alpha_n) \to \alpha >0$,

*$(\beta_n) \to \beta >0$,

*$(y_n) \to y > 0$, and

*the limiting auxiliary equation, $m^2 - \alpha m - \beta$, has roots in $(-1,1)$
(all limits are as $n \to \infty$).
My question:

Does this imply that the sequence $(x_n)_{n=1}^\infty$ converges?

This comes from a convergent example. I am simply wondering if the above information suffices to prove it, or if one needs control on the rates of convergence, say.

A: The answer to your question is YES ; in fact, I show below that $(x_n)$ always converges to $l=\frac{y}{1-(\alpha+\beta)}$ (notice that $1-(\alpha+\beta)\neq 0$, otherwise $1$ would be a root of $m^2-\alpha m -\beta$).
First, let us see what happens when we adapt the method in the answer to the linked question.
The scalar recursion of order 2 is equivalent to the following recursion
of order 1 for vectors via $v_n=(x_n,x_{n+1})^T$.
\begin{equation}\tag{1}\label{one}
v_{n+1}=A_nv_n+C_n,\ \ A_n=\left(\begin{matrix}0&1\\ \beta_{n+2}& \alpha_{n+2}\end{matrix}\right)
\ C_n=\left(\begin{matrix}0\\y_{n+2}\end{matrix}\right)
\end{equation}
If $\lambda,\mu$ are the roots of $m^2-\alpha m-\beta$ which satisfy $|\lambda|,|\mu|<1$ by assumption  then there is a constant matrix $T$ such that
$$\newcommand{\eps}{\varepsilon}T^{-1}A T= \left(\begin{matrix}\lambda&\eps\\0&\mu\end{matrix}\right)=:D
\mbox{ for }A=\lim A_n=\left(\begin{matrix}0&1\\ \beta & \alpha \end{matrix}\right)$$
where $\eps=0$ unless $\lambda=\mu$  and the eigenvalue $\lambda$ of $A$ has algebraic
multiplicity 1; in this case $\eps\neq0$ and it can be chosen such that
$|\lambda|+|\eps|<1$.
Putting $v_n=Tw_n$ transforms (\ref{one}) to
$$w_{n+1}=(D+F_n)w_n+ C'_n,$$
where $F_n$ is a matrix of elements tending to 0 and $C'_n=T^{-1}C_n$ is a column matrix tending to a finite limit when $n\to \infty$.
Using the maximum norm for vectors and the corresponding matrix norm, we find
$$||w_{n+1}||\leq\big(\max(|\lambda|+|\eps|,|\mu|)+||F_n||\big)||w_n||+||C'_n||.$$
By assumption, the maximum is smaller than 1 and $||F_n||$ tends to 0. Also $(||C'_n||)$ is bounded. Therefore there
exist some $0<M<1$, some $C\gt 0$ and some integer $N$ such that the big parenthesis is $\leq M$, and $||C'_n|| \leq C$ for $n\geq N$. This means that
$$||w_{n+1}||\leq M||w_{n}||+C\mbox{ for }n\geq N$$
and hence $||w_n||\leq ||w_N|| M^{n-N} + C(1+M+M^2+\ldots+M^{n-N}) \leq ||w_N|| M^{n-N} + \frac{C}{1-M}$ for $n\geq N$ :
$$
||w_n||\leq ||w_N|| M^{n-N} + \frac{C}{1-M} \tag{2}\label{two}
$$
Therefore $w_n$ is bounded and therefore also $v_n$ and $x_n$.
Now, if we put $x'_n=x_n-l$, we have
$$
x'_{n}=\alpha_n x'_{n-1}+ \beta_n x'_{n-2} + y'_n
$$
where $y'_n=y_n-(1-\alpha_n-\beta_n)l$ tends to zero. Redoing all our preceding computations with $(x'_n)$ in place of $(x_n)$, we obtain a sequence $||w'_n||$ satisfying an analogue of $\eqref{2}$ where the constant $C$ can be arbitrarily small when $N$ is large enough. This shows that $(w'_n)$ converges to zero, and hence that $(x_n)$ converges to $l$.

A: There is a nice order reduction result for difference inequalities in the following reference which simplifies the reasoning quite a bit:
https://msp.org/involve/2008/1-1/p07.xhtml
For a given $\epsilon > 0$, for sufficiently large N, we have that for $n>N$:
$$(\alpha + \beta -\epsilon)min(x_{n-1}, x_{n-2}) + (\gamma - \epsilon) \leq x_{n} \leq (\alpha + \beta +\epsilon)max(x_{n-1}, x_{n-2}) + (\gamma + \epsilon).$$
The condition on the roots ensures $\alpha + \beta < 1$.
Applying theorem's 2 and 3 from the reference we can bound solutions of the recursion $x_{n}$ between the following two recursions (taking maxes over chains of terms as shown in the article):
$u_{n} = (\alpha + \beta -\epsilon) u_{n-1} + (\gamma - \epsilon)$
and
$v_{n} = (\alpha + \beta +\epsilon) v_{n-1} + (\gamma + \epsilon)$
Since $\alpha + \beta < 1$ both {$u_{n}$} and {$v_{n}$} converge to the unique equilibrium.
Therefore given $\epsilon_{2} > 0$ there exists $M$ so that for $n>M$:
$$\frac{\gamma - \epsilon}{1-\alpha -\beta + \epsilon} - \epsilon_{2} \leq x_{n} \leq \frac{\gamma + \epsilon}{1-\alpha -\beta - \epsilon} + \epsilon_{2}$$
Thus $x_{n} \to \frac{\gamma}{1 - \alpha - \beta}$.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The Voluntary Resource Centre (VRC) is located in down town Charlottetown at 81 Prince Street, and is a welcoming, co-working environment. Most offices are occupied by members: voluntary, community organizations & small businesses.
Rental requires VRC membership ($100/year) and includes free mail box, use of board room, and communal kitchen. Heating is also included. Wireless internet is free, but not guaranteed to reach all offices. Click here to find the membership form.
In addition, a number of pay-per-use services are available onsite to members.
Please contact us for the most up-to-date office availabilities. Offices range in size and price, from about $155/month to $280/month.


text:
In Brief – Allstream announces plans to offer LAN and VoIP service
CC Staff
TORONTO — Allstream Corp. is offering local-area networking (LAN) management service to mid-sized and large organizations, and also plans to announce end-to-end voice over IP (VoIP) services.
The Toronto-based telecom service provider announced its managed LAN service, which includes network
assessment, fault monitoring, performance reports and security monitoring.
Soon the carrier will announce converged voice and data services, whereby it will integrate Internet Protocol (IP) telephony equipment, said Jeff Crews, Allstream's vice-president of infrastructure.
Crews said Allstream's managed LAN offering includes a network assessment service, which is valuable to telecom managers who want to determine whether their IT network will support both voice and data.
Roberta Fox, president and senior partner of Markham, Ont.-based Fox Group Consulting, said Allstream's service could be a ""nice first step"" for IT staff who want to figure out whether their organization's networks are ready for voice.
—Greg Meckbach
Internet service providers should protect users: survey
TORONTO — More than half of Canadians polled on behalf of AOL Canada believe ISPs should take a leading role in protecting them from spyware, software programs that collect information about Internet users and advise spammers about the sites they visit.
AOL Canada Inc. has labelled 2004 the year of the invisible threat because last year people were focused ""on things that were much more visible to users and showed up in the press a lot more — you know, viruses that take over your machine or cause your machine to crash or spam that was clogging people's mailboxes,"" said Alex Leslie, vice-president of technology at Toronto-based AOL Canada.
""What we think has happened though is that (users have been blind to) this lurking threat posed by spyware that's sitting on people's machines.""
Fifty-three per cent of respondents said spyware was the responsibility of ISPs, whereas 31 per cent said the onus was on users and 12 per cent wanted the government to get involved. The other four per cent didn't know what spyware is.
— Fawzia Sheikh
Hyperion gets past the business intelligence hype
Sympatico makes the case for Internet advertising
More from CC Staff
Jesus saves …
CC Staff - May 2, 2007
Silverlight in the spotlight
CC Staff - April 30, 2007
CTO – Dragan Nerandzic


Our bandana bibs are sized to fit onesize and have two layers of knit for absorbency. Fashioned with a back snap closure. Our knit fabric is slightly stretchy and should provide a comfortable fit without being tight.
Swaddle Blanket 36" x 40" - This size works well for newborns and toddlers. It is small enough to swaddle but can also be used as a stroller cover, nursing cover, play mat, etc. This blanket is a single layer blanket.


If you are talking about search marketing, the first thing you need to know everything about is Google Adwords. Digital Marketing is a term that is known to many nowadays; one can give credit to the digital era that has transformed our lives tremendously. To understand the ins and outs of search marketing, it is important to have access to the Google Adwords Tutorial.
Defining Google Adwords – Google Adwords is a system for advertising developed by Google where in which the advertisers bid on particular keywords. The advertisers bid so that ads (clickable) are visible to the audience in the Google Search Engine's results. To get their clickable ads being seen in the Google search engine's results, advertisers will have to pay for every single click for display the brief advertisement or video content or product listing. This is how Google earns through advertisers on every click.
Every search result contains results that are displayed on the top as well as the bottom. These results are advertisements and a place where Google Adwords has its role.
Working on Google Adwords – According to Wikipedia, the functioning of Google Adwords is based on Keywords and Cookies. Advertisers are the people who determine these keywords and cookies. Google employs the characteristics of Keywords and Cookies to display advertisements on pages wherever it feels relevant to display. Advertisers after the advertising copy have been displayed pay every time the user clicks on these advertisement copy by diverting their browsing.
Search term and keyword will include the query that the user searches as well as the keyword that is optimized for advertisement.
Targeting is another important factor where the advertisement displayed after the user's query gets displayed at a specific location according to your preference.
Placements – A place where the user can add the websites where he/she prefers displaying the advertisement. For example, if you want to run the advertisement on travel sites, look for travel sites that support advertisement and later add to the list of targeting.
Keywords – A quintessential criteria that should be determined. It is because according to these very criteria, advertisements will be displayed in the search engine results.
Topic – According to all the available topics in Google Adwords, the topic that best suits the business should be chosen.
Remarketing – This very criteria helps in reconnection and retargeting of the website visitors that are existing. This helps in selecting the visitors that visit your website, however, fail to take appropriate action.
To run a shopping advertisement, the user will need to establish a set-up account using Merchant Center of Google. Google Merchant Center is a platform where retailers upload their product listing according to a specific format.
A post was establishing an account on Google Merchant Center; the user will set up a Google Adwords account and then interlink both the accounts.
The last step is to submit the report of updated product data to the Merchant Center every 30 days.
An advertisement copy that is ready including the advertisement heading, line 1 description, line 2 description, URL display, URL of destination, URL of the landing page, landing page design and any required images.
3. Type the campaign name and type as "Search network only." Scroll down to enter other attributes such as location, and then "Let me choose" for your advertisement to be displayed at a particular location of your preference.
5. It is time to set up the strategy for bid where the user will have two options – user gets to do this or Adwords can do the job for the user.
7. In case the user is running a basic ad, let location, site links, and options to call go unchecked.
Select "my Landing page isn't ready" and then enter the name of the advertisement group. As it is essential to include keywords, the user may add one keyword in every line in the list box.
Enter the URL of a display, destination, and heading.
It is important to review your ad campaign for accuracy before finalizing it. Click on Save and finish options to successfully set up the PPC campaign on Adwords.
To have a good practical knowledge of Google Adwords, it is essential to perform these activities. Joining a training program that assists with learning all these can be of great help.


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PHOTOS AND REVIEW: Scat Cat's Club Cafe Is OPEN (With NEW Mickey Beignets!) In Disney World's Port Orleans French Quarter!
By AJ 12 Comments
Do you…feel a little bit different this morning? Maybe like the sun is a little brighter or the birds are singing a bit more sweetly? Do you think it's maybe because THERE ARE MORE MICKEY BEIGNETS IN THE WORLD?!?
Port Orleans French Quarter Scat Cat's Club and Cafe Specialty Beignets
Yep, early this morning we were present at a special ribbon-cutting for the NEW Scat Cat's Cafe grand opening at Disney World's Port Orleans French Quarter Resort…and it was 100% worth the early alarm clock, my friends, because we have MORE Mickey Beignets to share with you! Let's go!
Scat Cat's is actually the lounge at Port Orleans French Quarter Resort, one of Disney World's "moderate" resorts — meaning it's moderately priced (for Disney) and not one of their premier, deluxe properties. But we've always been fans of POFQ — it has a quaint, New Orleans theme, a great food quart, direct boat transportation to Disney Springs, a sea monster in the pool, AND MICKEY BEIGNETS!
Port Orleans – French Quarter
Yep, for years, this has been the only place in Disney World where you can get authentic New Orleans made-to-order beignets…and in recent years they've become Mickey-shaped (which really does make everything taste better).
Mickey Beignets
We've seen plenty of additional goodness added to the beignet scene here — dipping sauces debuted, then beignet sundaes were added, then the boozy beignets began, and now they've opened the Scat Cat's Club, where guests will be able to get specialty coffees and specialty beignets in a separate location from the busy food court!
Port Orleans French Quarter Scat Cat's Club and Cafe
You'll find the Scat Cat's Club and Cafe to your left as you walk into the resort's lobby. This space has always offered a relaxing lounge atmosphere along with some great live jazz music on select nights during the week.
Port Orleans French Quarter Scat Cat's Club and Cafe seating
Starting today, though, the cafe portion of the area will be open starting at 6AM and, according to a cafe manager, serving beignets until midnight every day!
Note that the "club" part of the area is still under wraps until it re-opens tonight! There's been an expansion, and we can't wait to show you! But in the meantime, let's focus on those new beignets!
Port Orleans French Quarter Scat Cat's Cafe Menu
The new cafe offers the standard powdered sugar Mickey beignets for $4.99 or a Disney Dining Plan snack credit for three, or $8.49 for six. It also showcases (literally) three brand new beignet flavors: cinnamon sugar, chocolate, and raspberry! These are $2.99 each. For an extra $1.99, you can add your choice of dipping sauce: salted caramel, strawberry, or chicory chocolate ganache (FYI chicory is a strong coffee flavor). Also on the menu are the beignet sundae at $6.99, and the Baton Rouge (Boozy) Beignets, which have gotten a huge downgrade IMO going from 3 beignets for $8 previously to a scandalous 2 beignets for $9.99.
Anyway, I'll get off my Disney price increases soap box for now and tell you about the brand new flavored beignets! We, of course, ordered all three new versions: Cinnamon Sugar, Chocolate, and Raspberry! Note that all three specialty beignets are just the same old Mickey Beignets…just with different toppings. The flavor isn't actually in the dough itself.
New Specialty Beignets at Scat Cat's Club Cafe
We'll start with Cinnamon Sugar Beignet, which was our favorite! It has a light dusting of those classic donut spices, and it's nice to not have to fight through a pound of powdered sugar once in a while!
Cinnamon Sugar Beignet
Cinnamon Sugar Beignet inside
Next up is the Raspberry Beignet (anyone else singing Raaaaaaspberry Beign-et a la Prince? No? Just me? It's way too early in the morning for this). This one was light and airy and had a very faint raspberry flavor from the drizzled glaze. Personally I'm not a huge fan of the chalky Mickey sprinkles, so I wish they'd left those off. But if you're a fan of the texture-add, there ya go.
Raspberry Beignet
Raspberry Beignet inside
Finally, the Chocolate Beignet. Again, same old Mickey beignet…but make it with chocolate sauce. ;-D
Chocolate Beignet
You can see that the consistencies of the beignets were VERY different across all three — some hollow, some more cakey and donutty. We were the first people to order these this morning, though, so it could just be a trick of the fryer warming up.
Chocolate Beignet inside
All in all, these were a fun new addition to French Quarter! We enjoyed the different flavors on offer, and don't forget that you can get those dipping sauces if you'd like to "jazz" up your breakfast a bit more.
If you order plain coffee, you'll get it yourself over at the table set up. That could make the coffee grab a little quicker in the morning for guests headed out to the parks. But if you order specialty coffee, a Cast Member will make that for you behind the counter.
The gorgeous Beignet Sundaes are available from open until close each day here at the Cafe, but if you're interested in the boozy beignets, those won't be available until 11AM daily.
Beignet Sundae
Oh and another thing: if you need to get yourself some POFQ merch, you can find that here at the Cafe as well!
POFQ Merchandise
Disney won't miss an opportunity to sell ya Mickey ears!
POFQ headband
Now, a little housekeeping: when we were there, food court cast members were directing guests to Scat Cat's for beignets. The beignets are still on the menu over at Sassagoula Food Court, but it's possible that Scat Cat's will become the only place to get beignets. We'll keep an eye on that for ya.
Also note that the actual club and lounge at Scat Cat's re-opens today at 4pm with their expansion! Stay tuned!
Are you a Mickey Beignet fan? Let us know in the comments below!
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Filed Under: Counter-Service, disney resorts, Featured, News, Port Orleans French Quarter, Snacks, Special Stuff Tagged With: disney breakfast, Mickey Beignets, Port Orleans French Quarter, scat cat's cafe, Scat Cat's Club -- Cafe
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Were the pumpkin spice beignets and sundae available at the cafe, or are they over at Floatworks?
Lnh says
Any idea on whether gluten-free beignets are available at Scat Cat's?
Ellen Conti says
Are they still making gluten free beignets?
Rach says
I too am wondering about the GF ones. Since you have to special order them at the Food Court.
DFB Sarah says
Ellen, so far they still are making them in Sassagoula Floatworks, but I would expect you could also request them at the Cafe.
If you are not staying on site can you still visit the cafes in the Disney hotels?
Caryn says
Stopped by yesterday. At $2.99 per beignet, That's $8.97 + tax for three vs. $4.99 for plain. That's a lot of upcharge for some flavored sugar, glaze/syrup and sprinkles (or cinnamon for that one). I don't think they are any bigger or are they?
Anyway, I politely ordered three plain, took them into the Floatworks and put some breakfast (maple-style) syrup on one and strawberry jam on another. Flavored beignets, no extra charge. It was just me yesterday, but *maybe* my husband and I will split an order of three plain and one flavored on a future visit.
Lucy, yes, you can visit other properties. If you drive, just stop at the gate, show your license and tell them why you're there. "Beignets for Breakfast" is a tradition for me and my husband, even though we've largely given up on staying at the Port Orleans due to coast.
Mai Ly says
Are the beignets worth the price? Also, what are your recommendations on how to order them? Better served with ice cream or eaten by themselves?
Mai Ly, the first time you try them, you might want to go traditional to see what they're really about. But the Beignet Sundae is a really fun way to enjoy them, too.
I love POFQ and can't wait to pay a return visit there next year. But the beignets are awful. Heavy, dry and taste of grease.
The French Quarter has been our families go to Disney World resort for 13 years, and the beignets were always a great treat. Sad to find on our return this year that they changed them. The new Mickey shaped "beignets" are not really beignets anymore. The old beignets they served were the classic pillow shaped ones they serve in New Orleans; light and fluffy. These Mickey shaped ones are thick and doughy; basically a regular donut. Disappointed.
Kay says
I bought the Disney Port Orleans French Quarter mug right at the French Quarter. Just be warned that it is NOT dishwasher safe. I think it's the first mug I've bought that was not able to be put in the dishwasher…and I don't even use the heat dry! The graphics are really coming off of it after only washing it twice and I feel it isn't even safe to use to drink from. I feel this was a huge waste of money. If you want it as a decoration, that's about all it's worth.


This section has the best tips on how to do this and that I know about. I've included tutorials for all sorts of things and there is copyright information as well. If you know of another great online source of information for needlepoint, please let me know so I can include it.
The stitch used here is the Bunger Stitch, that's why Steph thanks Amy.
This one will also work for water, depending on thread type and color.
There are several articles on learning canvas embellishment on the Chilly Hollow Stitch Guides blog. Look in the various tabs under the header photo.
Note that this is different than making cord (second link below).
Don Lynch of Associated Talents has also used this with Flair and Petite Frosty Rays but other stitchers say to not use it with the glow-in-the-dark fibers which melt. Apparently it also works with Silken Straw. This is all hearsay, however. I have not done this myself on any threads or ribbons.
For Margaret Bendig's hints, look at pp. 28-29 below.
Note that the FAQ page on the ANG website is now unavailable while ANG transitions to a new website.
Video showing how to work Or Nue vertically, horizontally or diagonally.
Carolyn Hedge Baird maintains a photo album with hints and tricks on her official Facebook page. If this link doesn't work for you, log onto FB, search for Needlepointing in Your Nest--which is Carolyn's FB page--then find her photo album called "Needlepoint Knowledge."
Great idea! Find something on using Sparkles from Sundanceneedlepoint.


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ਪੰਜਾਬੀ ਅਨੁਭਾਗ
Matter of Justice: "Cooling off period" before retired judges could be appointed to any position
, Pin
Vipin Pubby
Justice Gogoi's nomination to Rajya Sabha had come in for severe criticism
WHILE nomination of former Chief Justice of India, Ranjan Gogoi to Rajya Sabha just four months after his retirement last year had kicked up a controversy, a recent study has brought out the fact that over 70 per cent of the judges take up jobs and assignments after their retirement.
At the outset it must be noted that there is no law that prohibits any judge from taking any post retirement job. It is more a question of propriety and ethics. While some judges flatly refused to take up any government job after their retirement, some others accept such offers even while they are still in service.
The major cause of concern is a sharp increase in the number of former judges accepting appointments and particularly those where the government makes the appointments directly without consulting or getting recommendations from the Chief Justices.
CJI Ranjan Gogoi and other judges who gave the Ram Janam Bhoomi verdict.
Justice Gogoi's nomination to Rajya Sabha had come in for severe criticism due to the fact, which could also be a coincidence, that he had given a string of verdicts favouring the government during the last few months of his tenure as the Chief Justices of India.
These included the Ramjanambhoomi-Babri Masjid case judgment, the Babri Masjid demolition case and the petition seeking an investigation into the purchase of 36 Rafale fighter aircraft.
In his defence he had said that all those judgements were delivered while sitting with other judges and it was "unfair to link" the judgments with his nomination.
He had said that
"Those who are criticising acceptance of nomination as quid pro quo must grant a better sense of proportion to a former CJI. If a former CJI wants quid pro quo, then he could seek bigger, lucrative posts with bigger emoluments and facilities and not a nomination to RS, where the pecuniary benefits are the same as that of a retired judge."
Most retired judges and lawyers had, however, not appreciated the former Chief Justice of India taking up Rajya Sabha nomination by him. This was the first time ever that a former Chief Justices of India had accepted Rajya Sabha nomination.
While this was the first time for such a nomination, it was not uncommon to find retired judges taking up appointments such as appointments to tribunals, human rights commissions, government-appointed ad hoc commissions, court-appointed committees, water tribunals, and as Lokayuktas or state-level anti-corruption officials.
There are certain posts, like Lokayuktas in states or judicial commissions, where it is mandatory to appoint only retired High Court or Supreme Court judges. The controversial appointments are those which are seen as bestowing favour on judges who are considered compliant.
Also Read: 'Love Jihad' to 'Ram Naam Satya Hai Ki Yatra'
The first Law Commission of India had, in its 14th report, unanimously recommended that judges should not accept post-retirement jobs from the government, highlighting the potential effect on the independence of the judiciary.
However the recommendation had been flouted more often that being followed. And this has been happening from much earlier than the advent of the present government.
What is disconcerting about the current situation is the blatant favouritism shown for judges who have been giving pro-government verdicts.
Another significant aspect is the current trend of appointing new judges who are known to be the sympathetic to a particular ideology. This can spell disaster in the long run.
It is well known that judges should not only be fair and objective but should also be seen to be above suspicion. It is therefore important that laws should be amended to bring in a clause for a "cooling off period" before retired judges could be appointed to any position.
Most legal luminaries think that a cooling off period of about two years would be good for all concerned including the reputation of the judiciary.
Also Read: Need for law reforms but caution required
The author, a freelance journalist, is a former Resident Editor of Indian Express, Chandigarh, and reported on the political developments in Jammu and Kashmir, North-Eastern India, Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh, Haryana and Punjab in his long, illustrious career.
Disclaimer : PunjabTodayTV.com and other platforms of the Punjab Today group strive to include views and opinions from across the entire spectrum, but by no means do we agree with everything we publish. Our efforts and editorial choices consistently underscore our authors' right to the freedom of speech. However, it should be clear to all readers that individual authors are responsible for the information, ideas or opinions in their articles, and very often, these do not reflect the views of PunjabTodayTV.com or other platforms of the group. Punjab Today does not assume any responsibility or liability for the views of authors whose work appears here.
Punjab Today believes in serious, engaging, narrative journalism at a time when mainstream media houses seem to have given up on long-form writing and news television has blurred or altogether erased the lines between news and slapstick entertainment. We at Punjab Today believe that readers such as yourself appreciate cerebral journalism, and would like you to hold us against the best international industry standards. Brickbats are welcome even more than bouquets, though an occasional pat on the back is always encouraging. Good journalism can be a lifeline in these uncertain times worldwide. You can support us in myriad ways. To begin with, by spreading word about us and forwarding this reportage. Stay engaged.
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