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The Relationship of Queen Isabella and Roger Mortimer (4)
Part one; part two; part three.
Here are some examples of the accounts of Isabella of France and Roger Mortimer's relationship that appear even in books published as non-fiction. And yes, all the following extracts are from non-fiction, not novels, published in the twenty-first century.
Firstly, in works of non-fiction, it's usually assumed that sources will be cited to back up an author's statements. I'd love to see a source for the allegations that Edward II fantasised about Piers Gaveston when making love with his wife, and that Roger "took Isabella roughly then tenderly'". Secondly, I loathe the sexism inherent in the idea that men "take" women, as though women are passive recipients and not active agents in their own sex lives. The Middle Ages used gendered intimate language that described women as being "taken" by men, sure; but we live in the twenty-first century. Thirdly, why is not possible that Edward might have enjoyed making love with Piers and with Isabella? Does bisexuality not exist? Edward fathered an illegitimate child, after all, as did Piers, and I found evidence that Edward made love with a woman in London in 1324 (see blog post).
Fourthly, what the actual freaking heck is a "heated warrior"? A warrior who's been standing in front of a radiator? Or who appears in a recipe for Warrior Stroganoff or something? "Pre-heat the oven to 200C. Cook the warrior for 120 minutes or until thoroughly heated." Fifthly, like so much of the nonsense written about Isabella of France and Roger Mortimer, this paragraph comes off as the writer's fantasy. "Eeeeewwww, it'd be so disgusting to have to sleep with a man who has sex with men, but imagine getting to have awesome rough sex then tender lovemaking with a hawt hyper-masculine warrior instead! Phwoooarrrrr!" Sixthly, the absurdity of Edward II of all people, the man described by chroniclers as "one of the strongest men in his realm" and "of enormous strength", who famously dug ditches, thatched roofs, worked with metal and went rowing, having "smooth, girlish hands". What on earth is that based on except stereotypes and prejudices about gay men? Sexism and homophobia in one ghastly paragraph.
"Physical attraction there clearly was". Excuse me, but where is this clear? Because of the "emotional logic" that a beautiful woman and a man claimed without a source to be "athletic" simply must have fallen in lust and in love? The author assumes that Isabella and Roger's relationship was "an all-consuming bond" and "a passionate affair" even though, as is correctly pointed out, there's little evidence for any of these claims. If I wrote such exaggerated stuff about Edward II and Piers Gaveston or Hugh Despenser the Younger, about the all-consuming bond the men formed and the combustible combination of their temperaments and the depth of their shared political interests and the sheer obviousness of their physical attraction and the way they absolutely must have had a passionately sexual affair, people would express cynicism and demand to see some references, and they'd be absolutely right to do so. Somehow, though, when it comes to Isabella of France and Roger Mortimer, sources are not deemed necessary, and any objectivity goes out of the window. The alleged "emotional logic" of their association is all that matters. As I said in a previous post, the idea that Isabella of France rejected Edward II because she'd fallen in love and lust with Roger Mortimer is a narrative that's been created. Despite numerous writers' efforts to claim otherwise, it is not a fact, though it's usually treated like one, and as such an undeniable fact that sources are not required. This extract is at least better written and less obviously a fantasy than the first extract, above, but it's equally unsourced and equally over-romanticised.
Nobody knows what happened between Isabella and Roger in private, and we have no way of knowing. We have no idea, none at all, that their relationship was "passionate" or even that they had a mutual physical attraction. Sure, they might well have done. But it's not certain, as claimed. It also strikes me as rather superficial to claim that simply because Isabella was a "famous beauty" that Roger Mortimer must necessarily have wanted to have sex with her, or that because Roger was allegedly "athletic", Isabella must necessarily have wanted to have sex with him. Edward II himself was described as handsome and physically impressive by chroniclers, but I've never seen anyone assuming that any man or woman he encountered must have wanted to have sex with him for that reason. He and Piers Gaveston, and Hugh Despenser, were "of an age", and Edward and Hugh had "shared political interests" and were involved in a "power play" in the 1320s, and Piers was also an "athletic figure" (unlike Roger, we do at least have a fourteenth-century chronicle that calls Piers that). None of that is evidence that Edward II had passionate sex and an all-consuming bond with Piers and Hugh. It's not evidence that Queen Isabella had passionate sex and an all-consuming bond with Roger Mortimer either.
We have "fiery passion", stated as a fact, their sexual relationship beginning while they were in France in 1325/26 stated as a fact, Isabella's "devotion" to Roger for the remaining thirty-two years of her life after 1326 stated as a fact. How can we possibly know that? Telepathy? The relationship with Roger "gave Isabella personal satisfaction", apparently. Where's that from, the recently-discovered "Secret Diary of Queen Isabella Aged 30¾"? And the bit about Isabella thinking that Roger's threat to stab her being proof of the depth of his feelings for her makes me cringe. Yet again, this is the typical modern narrative that's been created and is entirely unsourced, that Isabella's marriage had always been loveless and unsatisfactory, then she finds this awesome passionate lover who feels so strongly about her and is so possessive, jealous and domineering that he threatens to stab her if she leaves him. The bit about threatening to kill Isabella with a knife at least has a footnote or endnote and a reference, because it was one of the charges against Roger at his trial in November 1330; notice that's the only endnote in the entire section. This is entirely typical of modern narratives about the alleged relationship between Isabella and Roger; either no sources at all are cited, or on the rare occasions when they are, as I pointed out in the first part of this post, they don't at all say what modern writers claim they say.
Isabella and Edward's marriage certainly went badly wrong in and after 1322, thanks mostly to Edward allowing Hugh Despenser to come between them, but how do we know it was "loveless"? How do we know it lacked passion? Isabella repeatedly called Edward "my very sweet heart" (mon tresdouz coer) in a letter to him in 1325, and in another letter of 1326 called him "our very dear and very sweet lord and friend". In late 1325, distressed at the state of her marriage and Hugh Despenser the Younger's intrusion into it, she forced Edward to choose between herself and Hugh by offering him an ultimatum; but, alas, he chose Hugh. But somehow, modern writers just know that she was lying about her fear of Hugh and her desire to return to her husband, and when she said, twice that we know of, that she wanted Edward to send Hugh away so that she felt safe enough to go back to him and resume their marriage, what she really meant was "I'm in love with Roger Mortimer and having awesome sex with him, and Edward repulses me". It seems that in 1325/26, it was Edward rejecting Isabella, spurning her attempts to heal their marriage and demonstrating his preference for Hugh, reinforcing Isabella's loathing for Hugh and her determination to destroy him, and leaving her with little choice but to remain in France and press on with her attempts to do so. So maybe we should write lots of fevered prose about Edward II and Hugh Despenser the Younger's awesome sex life and amazing all-consuming bond and how the sex Edward had with Hugh was obviously superior to the sex he had with Isabella, and pretend this is some kind of fact.
The pics below are from a book published in 2005, in which we learn that Edward II and Piers Gaveston fathering children proves that they were capable of "normal sexual relations", with the obvious implication that their own relationship was abnormal, that Edward's relationship with Hugh Despenser was "perverted", and that Edward consummating his marriage means he "had at last played the man". So that's nice. We also learn that a man having a relationship with another man is an insult to "femininity", whatever that means, and that the awesome and powerful Queen Isabella was a helpless heroine in a pirate romance that the 1950s would have rejected as outdated and regressive, who "succumbs to a strong and lusty adventurer" and "surrenders herself to his embraces". Notice that Isabella's alleged "profound revulsion" for her husband is stated as though it's a fact, and the way a man who lived 700 years ago is described as "unequivocally heterosexual" as though anyone could possibly know that. Like the first example, above, this comes across as a classic case of projection; wow, this hyper-masculine manly virile heterosexual audacious strong lusty adventurer is so darn hawt and sexy, and I'd find it so icky and horrible to have a husband who liked men, and I just know Isabella must have felt the same!
Below: hey, look what I stumbled on in the archives! An actual photo from 1326 of Queen Isabella succumbing to her Strong And Lusty Adventurer! (Or, as one of my Facebook friends said, possibly recoiling from his halitosis.)
Posted by Kathryn Warner at 2:04 pm
Great post! Who else (besides Weir and Doherty) are writing this stuff? Seriously, the chroniclers note Edward's strength and good looks, but somehow Isabella is repulsed by Edward (despite these qualities) in favor of Roger Mortimer -- allegedly, because of these same qualities ... even though there is no evidence he had either of them? Maybe, Isabella learned of the mystery woman in Southwark, and wanted an affair of her own in revenge (could that woman have been Mortimer's wife? I know there is no evidence ... but that doesn't seem to matter much ...)
Thursday, 25 February 2021 at 15:41:00 GMT
Kathryn Warner said...
Esther, Weir is in this post, though Doherty isn't (he could have been, but by then I'd had enough of wading through this endless syrupy nonsense). I'd better not say who the others are, though I suppose if you google some of the wording in the screenshots, you could find the books. Haha, yeah, Isabella might well have done that. :-) I'm not saying for sure that Isabella and Roger didn't have an affair, only that it's far less certain than you'd ever think from reading this stuff.
Antoine said...
Wonderful analysis! It's quite refreshing to see that an historian underlines the possibility that neither Isabella, nor Edward betrayed their wedding vows. People often tend to forget that 1) Edward, whatever his failures, discharged his duties as a christian (although he should have been wiser when dealing with some of his bishops) and was never villified as disrespectful towards religion; so in my opinion he wouldn't never have dared to engage openly in an affair, especially with men (though he shouldn't have showered his favourites with such gifts) at a time where homosexuality was considered one of the worst crimes 2) Isabella had a deep sense of royalty and might never have begun an affair while still married (for the events of 1325/6, we should at least listen to her arguments; that is a 'third party' had come within her marriage and prevented her from playing her role of queen alongside her husband). Hence, if there was indeed an affair between Isabella and Mortimer, I believe it would have begun after Edward's 'death' in September 1327 (she still sent presents to her husband when he was in captivity) and would have been ended by March 1330, when, after Kent's execution, she would have understood the threat Mortimer posed to her son's kingship (personnally, I adhere to the theory that Isabella actively helped her son get rid of Mortimer in October 1330; what was her interest - she who had revealed the Tour de Nesle' affair because the threat it posed to the succession to the throne of France - in letting her son being humiliated?). But as always, it's only my opinion and not the true story!
Thank you, Antoine! Great comment.
Friday, 26 February 2021 at 08:50:00 GMT
sami parkkonen said...
I find it extremely funny how all these romancers think that Roger was looking like a modern day male model with chiseled looks and gym sculpted body. This is somehow related to the old gladiator image: ripped muscles and stern jaw line etc. Reality was just a bit different.
The knights, as well as the gladiators, were first and foremost fighters. They had to be physically strong and durable. They had to be heavy so they could use their own bodies as weapons too, crashing the enemy at close quarters with their armor and shield using their own body weight in that process. Yes, there were exceptions, such as Richard III or Viking chief Ivar the Boneless, but most of these men did not look like that suave dude in the extremely hilarious picture at the end of this blog.
Most knights were taller than the average people due to their better food. They had more muscle mass due to their training and diet. BUT they were not body builders. Their muscle had to be practical, useful. You do not need huge biceps to wield weapons. You need muscles which can swing your weapons for hours if need be. Thus you need tight elastic hardy muscle fiber which gives you the power you need but also does not choke up after few minutes.
They were carrying armor and weapons which all weighted tens of kilos. Even a simple mail armor the type the Vikings wore was around 12-15 kilos. A good plate armor could be as much as 45 kilos, 100 pounds. Put your shield on that which could weight 10 kilos, a spear of 5 to 10 kilos depending on the use, a sword, a mace, anything, and you were going around carrying weight of 30 to 60 kilos easy on you. Now what does this mean for Roger Mortimer?
Being a fully trained knight and experienced warrior he had no narrow waistline. He could not. He had to have a very strong middle section on his torso in order to be able to carry all the weight listed above. He had to have very strong back muscles and belly in order to keep himself up and be able to swing around. He had to have strong legs in order to stay up, keep on walking, be able to mount a horse fully armored (Yes, that was one thing all the knights had to be able to do. Forget the myth they could not do it. It was one of the basic requirements for knights and their armor).
So instead of looking streamlined model Mortimer was more than likely a barrel like man with various scars and old wounds, with more or less weather beaten face and hands due to the time he had to spent outdoors training and patrolling and living on the field. His hair was more than likely thinning on the top, thanks to the helmet and wearing it extensively, just like the motorists who ride their bikes all the time in our times have a thinning hair on their heads. He more than likely had scars all over the body, had marks of chafes all around due to the armor and other gear in such places as groin, arm pits etc.
If he had been eating a lot of field rations he would have been missing at least a tooth or two due to the small grind stone bits in his bread, that bread also being hard deck, and very chewy and dry meat etc. His lips were more than likely chapped as he had no lip moisturizers and was out side all the time. He had sores and rash, all kinds of skin conditions because sweat and dirt etc.
Not the kind of a romantic guy the romancers wish him to be. Naturally he took baths and washed etc. but even then he did not look like a Hollywood hero. He looked much more dangerous and threating.
Was Edward II Murdered in 1327 or Not?
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Dear Edward II Detractors
Death of Edward II
Edward and Isabella's Relationship
How to Write a Novel about Edward II and Isabella
Support Group Again for People Maligned in Histfict
Support Group for People Maligned in Histfict
Support Group for Tragic Queens
Ten Commandments for Writing about History
Top Ten Myths About Edward and Isabella
Kathryn Warner
I hold a BA and an MA with Distinction in Medieval History and Literature.
Effigy of Edward II
Caernarfon Castle, birthplace of Edward II
Factual posts on Edward II's life, family, and reign
Abduction of Eleanor Despenser, 1329
Abduction of Elizabeth de Burgh, 1316
Abduction of Elizabeth Hertrigg, 1312
Abduction of Margaret Audley, 1336
Abduction of Margaret Multon, c. 1316
Adam, Edward's Illegitimate Son
Additional Ordinances, 1311
Addressing the King
Adultery Scandal in Paris, 1314
Aftermath of Boroughbridge, 1322
Aftermath of Boroughbridge, 1322 (2)
Aftermath Of Piers Gaveston's Death
Ancestry (2)
Ancestry of Queen Isabella
Annulment of Edward and Isabella's Marriage?
Attack on Normandy and the French Fleet, 1326
Attack on Southampton, 1321
Attack on Tickhill Castle, 1326
Battle of Bannockburn (guest post)
Being promiscuous with low-born men
Betrothals
Betrothals (2)
Campaign against the Contrariants, 1321/22 (1)
Chamber Accounts 1322/23
Chamber Accounts 1325/26 (1)
Chamber Staff 1
Character and Hobbies
Charges against the younger Despenser, 1326
Children of Edward II and Isabella
Claim to Castile and Provence
Clothes, Fashion, Hairstyles
Competence in 1320
Conception of Edward and Isabella's Children
Contrariant Miracles 1322/23
Dead Earls
Despenser War
Digging Ditches
Edward and his father (guest post)
Edward and his niece Eleanor de Clare
Edward and his relationship with his children
Edward and Isabella in Fiction
Edward and Isabella's Relationship (2)
Edward and Oxbridge
Edward digs ditches
Edward saves Isabella from a fire, 1313
Edward's Brothers and Sisters
Edward's feuds with bishops
Edward's four eldest nieces
Edward's Relationship with Hugh Despenser the Younger (1)
Edward's Secret Female Lover, 1324
Eleanor Despenser, Edward and Isabella
Elizabeth de Burgh's Protest, 1326
Eventful Parliament of 1316
Everything Going Wrong
Executed Earls
Executions, 1322
Foreign Parents of Earls
Forms of Address
Gaveston's First Exile, 1307
Gaveston's Funeral
Gaveston's Insulting Nicknames
Gaveston's Return to England, 1312
Gaveston's Second Exile, 1308
Gaveston's Third Exile, 1311
Gilbert Middleton's Attack on the Cardinals, 1317
Godefroy de Paris and Edward and Isabella's relationship
Great Drought of 1326
Great Famine 1315-1317
Heirs to the Throne, 1272-1330
Household Ordinance 1318 (1)
Hugh Despenser and Tonbridge Castle, 1315
Hugh Despenser assaulted Isabella?
Hugh Despenser Rescues Margaret Badlesmere
Hugh Despenser the Younger Jousting Overseas, 1310
Hugh Despenser the Younger's Informants
Isabella and Mortimer's Relationship (1)
Isabella of France and Edward's 'Favourites'
Isabella of France and Piers Gaveston
Isabella of France's Possessions
Isabella refuses to return to Edward, 1325
Isabella, Piers and Tynemouth, 1312
John of Gaunt and the Lancastrian Inheritance
John of Powderham, the impostor
Jousting
Knowledge of Far Flung Places
Knowledge of French and Latin
Langley Priory
Law and Order 2
Llywelyn Bren's Execution
Llywelyn Bren's Uprising in South Wales, 1316
Marriage Negotiations between England and France, 1324
Maternal Family
Misconceptions about Hugh Despenser the Younger
Murder of Alice of Norfolk, 1351
Murder of Robert Holland, 1328
Murder of Roger Belers, 1326
Negotiations after Piers Gaveston's Death
Non-Fiction about Edward
Ordeals of Elizabeth Hertrigg, 1312 and 1318
Philippa of Hainault's Romanticising
Placename Pronunciation Guide
Plot against Edward in the 1320s
Plot to free some Contrariants, 1323
Plot to Kill Edward by Necromancy, 1323/24
Ponthieu, Edward's Inheritance
Possessions 1326
Proofs of Age
Proofs of Age 2
Rebellion in Bristol, 1316 (1)
Roger Mortimer to be executed in 1323?
Roger Mortimer's Escape from the Tower, 1323
Royal Connections
Saracens and Edward's Gascon 'Brother', 1313
Siege of Berwick 1319
Siege of Caerphilly Castle, 1326/27
Siege of Caerphilly Castle, 1326/27 (2)
Siege of Leeds Castle, 1321
Telling the Time and Writing Dates
Titles and Lands
Tournament of Wallingford
Treasure, 1312
Trial and Execution of Thomas of Lancaster
Trip to France, 1313
Tynemouth 1322
Victims of the Despensers: Elizabeth Comyn
Will of Isabel of Castile, Duchess of York (d. 1392)
Edward abandoned Isabella while she was pregnant
Edward allowed Hugh Despenser to rape Isabella
Edward gave Isabella's jewels to Piers
Edward gave Isabella's jewels to Piers (2)
Edward removed Isabella's children from her
Edward was a foppish weakling
Edward was trying to annul his marriage in 1325
Isabella of France was not asked to take an oath to the Despensers
Alice de Lacy, countess of Lincoln
Alice de Lacy, Eble Lestrange, Hugh Frene
Alice de Lacy's Date of Birth
Alice de Toeni, countess of Warwick, and Juliana de Leyburne, countess of Huntingdon
Alice de Warenne, countess of Arundel
Alicia d'Avesnes, Alesia di Saluzzo, Blanche d'Artois, Isabella Vescy
Aline Burnell
Amie Gaveston
Andrew Harclay, earl of Carlisle
Arthur and Eleanor of Brittany
Blanche of Artois, queen of Navarre
Blanche of Brittany
Champernounes and Carminowes
Charles of Valois
Charles of Valois and Louis of Evreux
Children of Charles of Naples and Marie of Hungary
Children of Charles of Valois and Louis of Evreux
Children of Hugh Despenser the Younger and Eleanor de Clare
Children of John Hastings (d. 1313)
Children of Richard Fitzalan (d. 1302)
Children of Richard, Earl of Arundel (d. 1376) and Eleanor of Lancaster
Children of the Damory Brothers Richard and Roger
Constanza of Castile, duchess of Lancaster
Donald, earl of Mar
Earls of Atholl, Angus, Buchan, Dunbar, Fife, Strathearn
Edmund Fitzalan, earl of Arundel
Edmund of Lancaster (d. 1296)
Edward, Gilbert and John Despenser
Edward's Brothers-In-Law
Edward's Nieces and Nephews
Eleanor (d. 1399) and Mary (d. 1394) de Bohun
Eleanor de Clare, Lady Despenser
Eleanor of Castile, queen of England
Eleanor of Lancaster, Countess of Arundel
Eleanor of Provence, queen of England (guest post)
Eleanor of Woodstock and Joan of the Tower
Eleanor, countess of Bar
Elizabeth Comyn and Richard Talbot
Elizabeth de Clare
Elizabeth Stafford, Lady Lestrange, Ferrers and Cobham
Elizabeth, countess of Hereford and Holland
Fernando III of Castile
Fisher Family
Gilbert de Clare, earl of Gloucester
Gilbert de Clare, lord of Thomond
Giles Argentein
Henry of Grosmont, duke of Lancaster (1)
Henry of Lancaster
Henry of Lancaster's Grandchildren
Henry Percy (1273-1314)
Henry, Lord Beaumont
Hugh Audley
Hugh Despenser the Elder
Hugh Despenser the Younger
Hugh Despenser the Younger's siblings
Hugh Mortimer (d. 1304) and his brother William la Zouche (d. 1337)
Hugh, Lord Despenser (d. 1349)
Iberian Kings
Illegitimate Children of the Earl of Surrey
Illegitimate Sons of Thomas of Lancaster
Isabel Hastings
Isabel MacDuff, countess of Buchan, Isabel and Joan de Clare, Mary de Monthermer, countess of Fife
Isabel of Castile, queen of Aragon and duchess of Brittany
Isabella Mortimer
Isabelle Holland
Joan and Elizabeth Comyn
Joan and Elizabeth Comyn (2)
Joan and Isabella de Verdon, Elizabeth Damory
Joan Gaveston
Joan Martin and Nicholas Audley
Joan of Acre, countess of Gloucester
Joan of Kent and her siblings
Joan of Ponthieu, Queen of Castile
John Beaumont (d. 1342)
John de Warenne and Jeanne de Bar, earl and countess of Surrey
John Hastings (d. 1325), Juliana Leyburne and their descendants
John Haudlo in 1315
John le Boteler
John Norton and John Redmere
John of Newminster and John of Towcester
Juan Manuel, lord of Peñafiel and Beatriz, queen of Portugal
Juan, lord of Biscay and Beatriz of Montferrat
Juliana de Leyburne and Juliane de Sandwich
Laurence Hastings, Earl of Pembroke, and his Illegitimate Brother William Hastings
Malcolm Musard
Margaret de Clare, countess of Cornwall and Gloucester
Margaret Gatesden, John Camoys and William Paynel
Margaret Hydon (d. 1357)
Margaret of Scotland, queen of Norway
Margaret Wake, countess of Kent
Margaret, countess of Cornwall (d. 1312) and Margaret, Lady Badlesmere
Margaret, duchess of Brabant
Marguerite of France, queen of England
Marie de St Pol, countess of Pembroke
Marie of Brabant, Maria de Molina, Marie of Hungary
Marriages of the two Hugh Despensers
Mary, nun of Amesbury
Master Richard of Gloucester and Katherine of St Albans
Maud Chaworth and her daughters
Maud Clifford, John the Irishman and Robert de Welle
Maud Fitzalan and Maud Burnell
Maud of Lancaster, Countess of Ulster
Maurice Berkeley and Elizabeth Despenser
Mowbray Family
Northern European male relatives of Edward II
Oliver of Bordeaux
Oreby Family
Otto Bodrugan (1290-1331)
Philip Despenser (d. 1313) and his Descendants
Philip Despenser and Margaret Goushill
Philippa Arundel (d. 1399) and her children
Philippa of Hainault, queen of England: date of birth and siblings
Piers Gaveston, earl of Cornwall
Piers Gaveston's daughters Joan and Amie
Piers Gaveston's Family
Queens of France 1314-1328
Richard Damory
Robert Clifford and Maud de Clare
Robert de Micheldever and John Daniel
Robert Holland (d. 1328)
Robert Lewer
Roger Damory (1)
Roger Mortimer and Joan de Geneville
Roger Mortimer's Grandchildren
Simon de Montfort (guest post)
Simon of Reading
Six Scottish Earls
Some Women of Castile
Southern European male relatives of Edward II
Stafford Family
Stephen and Thomas Dunheved
Stephen and Thomas Dunheved (2)
The English Earls in Edward II's reign
Theobald de Verdon's Daughters
Thomas and Edward de Monthermer
Thomas of Brotherton and his children
Thomas of Lancaster (1)
Thomas of Lancaster's Date of Birth
Thomas of Lancaster's illegitimate son
Thomas Wake
VIPs who attended Edward and Isabella's wedding
Walkington Family
William Aune
William Montacute (1)
William Montacute and his Descendants
William Thorneye (d. 1349)
Yolande de Dreux, queen of Scotland and duchess of Brittany
Accession of Edward II, 1307
Arrival in England, 1308
Bannockburn, 1314
Birth of Edward I, 1239
Birth of Edward III, 1312
Birth of Elizabeth de Burgh, 1332
Birth of John of Eltham, 1316
Capture of Edward II, 1326
Death of Philip IV, 1314
Death of Piers Gaveston, 1312
Edward and Isabella's wedding, 1308
Edward's Coronation, 1308
Execution of Bartholomew Badlesmere, 1322
Execution of Hugh Despenser the Elder, 1326
Execution of Hugh Despenser the Younger, 1326
Execution of Roger Mortimer, 1330
Execution of the earl of Arundel, 1326
Execution of the earl of Kent, 1330
Feast of the Swan, 1306
Funeral of Isabella of France, 1358
Murder of Walter Stapledon, 1326
Some letters of 1321
Wedding of Charles IV and Joan of Evreux, 1324
Wedding of Edward I and Eleanor of Castile, 1254
Wedding of Eleanor de Clare and Hugh Despenser, 1306
Wedding of Margaret de Clare and Hugh Audley, 1317
Wedding of Margaret de Clare and Piers Gaveston, 1307
Wedding of Robert Wateville and Margaret Martin, 1326
Aftermath of Edward II's reign
1327/1330 Participants (1): Mortimer, Bereford, Berkeley, Maltravers
1327/1330 Participants (2): Gurney, Ockley, Shalford
1327/1330 Participants (3): Beaukaire, Giles of Spain, Ingham
Archbishop Melton's Letter, January 1330
Dunheved Gang 1327 (1)
Edward in Custody 1327 (1)
Edward's Survival After 1327
Events September to December 1327: viewing of Edward's body, funeral
Fieschi Letter
Freeing Edward 1327: Attack on Berkeley
Isabella and the Mortimers
Isabella was not visited by Mortimer's family in 1357/58
John Trevisa and the Red-Hot Poker
Kent's Conspiracy to free Edward, 1330 (1)
Kent's Conspiracy, 1330 (2)
Kent's Plot Again
Oddities in the Narrative of Edward's Death
Parliament of November 1330
Queen Isabella 1330 to 1358
Thomas Berkeley's Statement to Parliament, 1330
Treatment of Edward at Berkeley Castle, 1327
Welsh Plot to free Edward, 1327
'Me, Too' meme: Edward II
'Me, Too' meme: Roger Mortimer
'Me, Too' meme: the younger Despenser
Anagrams and Tombstones
Bad Edward II Novel Covers
Bad Translations
Catalogue Card
Cool Names 2
Cool Names of Edward II's Era
Edward II and Shakespeare
Edward II on Facebook 1
Edward II's Reign for Dummies
Five Funny Facts about Edward II
Friday Facts 1
Medieval Darwin Awards
My Edward II Pilgrimage
My Favourite Edward II Quotes
Nineteen Facts about Piers Gaveston
One Letter Makes All The Difference
Photos of Gloucestershire and Worcestershire, 1
Photos of Gloucs and Worcs, 2
Photos of North Wales (1)
Photos of the Marches 1
Photos of Yorkshire (1)
Rules for Edward II Fiction
Seven Random Facts About Edward II
Seven Random Facts About Queen Isabella
Support Group for People Maigned in Histfict 2
Valentine to Piers Gaveston
Writing a Novel about Edward II
Confession of Piers Gaveston by Brandy Purdy
Confession of Piers Gaveston, Poison Maiden, Dispensation of Death
Cup of Ghosts by Paul Doherty
Darkening Glass by Paul Doherty
Death of a King by PC Doherty
Derek Jarman's film 'Edward II'
Gaveston by Chris Hunt
Isabella and the Strange Death of Edward II by Paul Doherty
King's Minions by Brenda Honeyman
Marlowe's 'Edward II' at the Globe Theatre, Neuss
Montfort: The Early Years 1229-1243 by Katherine Ashe
Queen and Mortimer by Brenda Honeyman
Queen of Shadows by Edith Felber and Notorious by Virginia Henley (1)
Ruling Passion by David Pownall
She-Wolf by Pamela Bennetts
She-Wolf of France by Maurice Druon
"I greatly lament that I have utterly failed my people, but I could not be other than I am." Edward II at his abdication, January 1327 (Flores Historiarum)
Tomb of Edward II, Gloucester Cathedral
Laurence Hastings, Earl of Pembroke (d. 1348) and ...
The Relationship of Queen Isabella and Roger Morti...
Edward II's Secret (Female) Lover, October 1324
Edward's titles, 1312
Edward, par la grace de DIEU, Roi d'Engleterre, seignur d'Irlaunde, ducs d'Aquitaine, & conte de Pontif & de Monstroil [Edward, by the grace of GOD, King of England, Lord of Ireland, Duke of Aquitaine, and Count of Ponthieu and Montreuil]
Edward II's coronation oath, 25 February 1308
Sire, volez vous graunter, è garder, &, par vostre serment, confermer au poeple d'Engleterre les leys, & les custumes, à eux grauntees par les auntiens Rois d'Engleterre, voz predecessours droitures & devotz a DIEU; & nomement les lois, les custumes, & les fraunchises, grantez au clerge, è au poeple par le glorieus Roi seint Edward, vostre predecessour? Jeo les grante & promette. Sire, garderez vous à DIEU, & seinte eglise, & au clerge, & au poeple paes, & acord en DIEU entierment, solonc vostre poer? Jeo les garderai. Sire, freez vous faire, en touz voz jugementz, ovele & droit justice & discretion, en misericorde & verite, à vostre poer? Jeo le frai. Sire, graunte vous à tenir & garder les loys & les custumes droitureles, les quiels la communaute de vostre roiaume aura esleu, & les defendrez & afforcerez, al honour de DIEU, à vostre poer? Jeo les graunte & promette.
Edward II's coronation oath: translation
Sire, will you grant and keep and by your oath confirm to the people of England the laws and customs given to them by the previous just and god-fearing kings, your ancestors, and especially the laws, customs, and liberties granted to the clergy and people by the glorious king, the sainted Edward, your predecessor? I grant and promise them. Sire, will you in all your judgments, so far as in you lies, preserve to God and Holy Church, and to the people and clergy, entire peace and concord before God? I will preserve them. Sire, will you, so far as in you lies, cause justice to be rendered rightly, impartially, and wisely, in compassion and in truth? I will do so. Sire, do you grant to be held and observed the just laws and customs that the community of your realm shall determine, and will you, so far as in you lies, defend and strengthen them to the honour of God? I grant and promise them.
Edward II is forced to banish Piers Gaveston, 1308
Le Roi a touz ceaus, qi cestes lettres verront ou orront, salutz. Nous vous feisoms savoir que, entre ci, & le jour, que monsire Pieres de Gavaston doit vueder nostre roiaume, cest assavoir lendemaine de la feste de la Nativite Seint Johan le Baptistre, precheinement avenir; Nous ne feroms nule maniere de chose, ne ne souffroms estre fait, tant come en nous est, par quei la vuedance de meisme celi Pieres soit desturbee, ou delaee en nul point, q'elle ne soit parfaite selonc ce, que par prelatz, contes & barons de nostre dit roiaume, nous est conseillez, & par nous acordetz. En tesmoignance de queu chose, nous avoms fait faire cestes nos lettres overtes. Donees a Westmostier, le xviii. jour du moys de May.
Penny of Edward II's reign
Tomb of Edward II
Amouncement of the birth of Edward III, November 1312
Isabella, by the grace of God, Queen of England, Lady of Ireland, and Duchess of Aquitaine, to our well-beloved the Mayor and aldermen and the commonalty of London, greeting. Forasmuch as we believe that you would willingly hear good tidings of us, we do make known to you that our Lord, of His grace, has delivered us of a son, on the 13th day of November, with safety to ourselves, and to the child. May our Lord preserve you.
Berkeley Castle, scene of Edward II's imprisonment
Letter of Queen Isabella to Edward II, 1314
My very dear and dread Lord, I commend myself to you as humbly as I can. My dear Lord, you have heard how our seneschal and our controller of Ponthieu have come from Ponthieu concerning our affairs; ...I beg you, my gentle Lord, that by this message it may please you to request your chancellor by letter that he may summon those of your council to him and take steps speedily in this matter, according to what he and your council see what is best to do for your honour and profit....May the Holy Spirit keep you, my very dear and dread Lord.
The Vita Edwardi Secundi on Edward II and Piers Gaveston
I do not remember to have heard that one man so loved another. Jonathan cherished David, Achilles loved Patroclus. But we do not read that they were immoderate. Our King, however, was incapable of moderate favour, and on account of Piers was said to forget himself, and so Piers was accounted a sorcerer.
Hereford 1326
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Jason Pominville earns PPOTN honours after a three-point night in a 5-3 Minnesota win over Dallas in Game 3 of their Western Conference series.
The 33-year-old had a pair of goals and one assist as the Wild notched the home ice victory after dropping the first two games against the Stars.
STAT PACK: Pominville had a team-high five shots on goal, blocked one shot, registered one hit, had two takeaways, and went 3-4 in the face-off circle, in 15:34 of ice time.
A HOCKEY PLAYER AND A GENTLEMAN: In 2002, during his Quebec Major Junior Hockey League days, Pominville finished seventh in scoring and was selected as the Frank J. Selke Memorial Trophy recipient as the league's most sportsmanlike player.
AN EARLY BIRTHDAY PRESENT: Pominville scored his first NHL goal on November 27, 2005, three days before he turned 23.
LEADING THE WAY: On October 6, 2011, Pominville was named captain of the Buffalo Sabres. "It's an honour to represent the team," he said to his teammates in a video released by the team. "I think we're going to have to hold each other accountable. ... Regardless of whether you have a letter on your jersey or not, if you see something that can help the team and make us better, just let anyone know about it."
A GOOD FIRST IMPRESSION: Pominviille, who was acquired by Minnesota on Trade Deadline Day from Buffalo in 2013, recorded nine points (4-5=9) in 10 games after coming to the Wild.
NEED TO KNOW: Pominville scored the series-clinching OT goal for Buffalo in the second round against Ottawa in 2006, a highlight reel shorthanded marker. In that same post-season, he had a hat trick and an assist versus Philadelphia, while leading all rookies in playoff scoring.
HONOURABLE MENTIONS: Three-time (2008-10) Ted Lindsay Award winner Alex Ovechkin had two goals and one assist in Washington's 6-1 win over Philadelphia. He's now the franchise leader in playoff points (74). Tanner Pearson scored the OT winner as Los Angeles beat San Jose 2-1 in Game 3 of their Western Conference match-up.


Last week, Donna Hatch, the author of THE GUISE OF A GENTLEMAN, was my guest blogger. So of course, I had to read her new release and see what it was all about.
NYT Best Seller, Jennifer Ashley, summed up Donna's book beautifully in her cover quote. Jennifer said "Combining Jane Austin with swashbuckling adventure, THE GUISE OF A GENTLEMAN is a fine specimen of pirate romance!" How true!
The heroine, Elise Berkley, is a widow of five years, though only in her late twenties, and she runs her estate outside the country town of Benniswick, England. She enjoys the freedom of making her own decisions for her people and her five year-old son, Colin. She is the proper lady of Jane Austin's era with an adventurous side she keeps well under control.
Jared Amesbury, aka Black Jack, is the hero with a dark and dangerous hidden life. An expert pirate, swordsman, and spy, he is endearingly filled with self-doubt about who he really is and his value as a person. When he meets Elise, he is literally being hanged by a rival pirate and it is only her interference and her excellent marksmanship that saves his life and that of the boy he tried to protect. Unfortunately, or fortunately, Jared makes a strong impression on his savior by being bold enough to kiss her.
Of course, Elise thinks she has saved a commoner and is quite shocked to meet the very man she rescued at a local gathering of the gentry. As she fights her attraction to this man, she observes him closely and realizes there is much more to him than he reveals.
Jared is like a moth to the flame when it comes to Elise and cannot stay away from her despite his feelings of unworthiness. But he soon finds himself enjoying the company of Colin, Elise's son, falling for the pretty widow, and anxiously searching for the ring leader of the pirate coalition. After his fellow spy and friend is shot and Elise is taken hostage, Jared turns to piracy again to save her. But he is rewarded with being taken prisoner by the English Navy and condemned to die.
Despite the best efforts of Jared's friends and his large influential family, Elise witnesses his hanging. Believe it or not, this story has a very happy ending and I'd be remiss if I didn't mention that a few times I did get a bit teary eyed. The on-board ship battle scenes were described perfectly without being too confusing and had my pulse racing. This is a sweet adventurous romance that had me whipping through the final chapters at a speed only reserved for my favorite reads.
If you like dashing pirates, vulnerable masculine men, and women with guts, you won't want to miss this one!
Wow, thanks Alexis! I'm so glad you liked it!
Thanks, Alexis, for the description -- and Donna for what'll be a great read!
I'm fascinated by your description of the twist at the end of the book. Pirates AND a great ending. This book is on my wish list!
So Laura, When's your birthday?


text:
Q: How do I reiterate through a pointer array? My program is supposed to iterate through an array for as many times as there are hours using only a pointer.
for (int i = 0; i < totalHours; i++)
{
    cout << " " << i + 1;
    while (ptrSvr <= last)
    {
        rand_set(ptrSvr);
        print(ptrSvr);
        ptrSvr++;
    }
    cout << endl;
}

return 0;

With this being the function for rand_set
void rand_set(int* &ps)
{
    *ps = rand() % 10;
}

And this being the function for print.
 void print(int* ps)
 {
     cout << "       " << *ps << " ";
 }

Once this iterates though, I don't understand how to set the pointer back to the first address in the array so that when i increases, it will print a new row starting at the beginning. Currently, it will only print one row. There's also a catch - I can only use the given pointer to access the array. I cannot use array indices.
Additionally, the highest number randomly generated must be stored in a highestAttempts pointer and when printed, must have a * next to it. This functionality must be included in the rand_set function. I've only gotten it to print a * next to all of them, or it gets printed on the first random number, and on each one if they increase.
Thanks for any advice in advance. I am in a 200 level c++ class, so this should be as simple as possible.
Variables are declared and initialized like so.
void initialize(int ts, int* &ps, int* &pt,
                int* &l, int* &ha)
{
    for (int i = 0; i < ts; i++)
    {
        ps[i] = 0;
        pt[i] = 0;
        l = &ps[i];
    }

    ha = NULL;
    srand(time(NULL));
}

...
// Pointer declarations
int *ptrSvr;                // Po
int *ptrTotal;              // Po
int *last;                  // Po
int *highestAttempts;       // Po

// Variable declarations
int totalServers;           // Va
int totalHours;             // Va
int total;                  // Va

// Prompt user for number of serv
// totalServers and totalHours
cout << "Enter the number of web
cin >> totalServers;
cout << "Enter the number of hour
cin >> totalHours;

// Declares arrays for ptrSvr and
// of total servers
ptrSvr = new int[totalServers];
ptrTotal = new int[totalServers];

A: if you have something like
int arr [] = {};
then
ptrSvr = arr;

after while loop would reset it. otherwise you have to store the very first value of ptrSvr and reset it after while loop exits

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Located in the heart of the Dieppe-Pourville Golf course, the bar and restaurant "L'Albatros" welcomes you to a cosy, recently renovated setting for a perfect gourmet break with friends!
A new kitchen, a talented young chef, a menu made with regional local produce, there is everything there for a great culinary experience with your family or friends. The bar and restaurant of the Dieppe Pourville golf course welcomes you every day to tickle your taste buds.
For lunch and dinner, come and the fresh produce carefully prepared to regale you with Norman specialities.
Our tip: you should try the homemade desserts.


text:
Advances in neuroscience point to an unwavering truth: at birth, children possess enormous potential.
Through dynamic interplay of genes and environment, young brains are built from the bottom up – a process that begins in early childhood and continues into adolescence and early adulthood. During the first few years of a life, a child's brain develops at a rate of 700 neural connections per second – laying the groundwork for learning, behavior and health.
Early childhood is a critical window for children and families alike because of the vital role that relationships play in building brain architecture. We also know from longitudinal research that investing in early learning programs and opportunities – enabling more children to start life with a strong foundation – pays enormous future dividends. And yet, we are sobered by the reality that far too many children operate at a deficit in the earliest years.
We seek to dramatically improve the quality of early learning environments and the number of children who have access to rich early learning opportunities, whether they are at home, in informal care or center-based settings.
We look to science to provide new approaches to old problems by investing in basic developmental brain research that advances our understanding of how young children learn and develop, and support the translation of that research to key stakeholders and practitioners.
Drawing from the latest findings in applied research and advances in neuroscience, we support innovative programs with promising evidence that provide a direct benefit to young children and invest in lasting support systems for parents and caregivers, including communications and public awareness efforts.
Excellence in K-12 Education
Youth Leadership and Global Engagement
© 2021 Bezos Family Foundation

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Walnut Creek is a city in Contra Costa County, in San Francisco's Bay Area. The city serves as a center for the neighboring cities in Contra Costa County such as the neighboring Concord.
The first known inhabitants of what is now known as Walnut Creek were either the Bay Miwok or Bolbones Indians. The Spanish conquistadores arrived in 1772, and continued to settle there until Mexico gained independence from Spain in 1821.
As a result, California was subjected under the Mexican rule. Private individuals became the recipents of four Mexican land grants that included today's Walnut Creek. One of these land grants was measured 18,000 acres which were bestowed to Juana Sanchez de Pacheco. She deeded the land to her two grandsons, Ygnacio and Ysidro Sibiran. Around 1850, Ygnacio went on to build the first roofed residence in the valley.
The name "Walnut Creek" was derived from the Spanish name of the land grant called Rancho Arroyo de las Nueces y Bolbones, which was itself named after the pricipal waterway Arroyo de las Nueces, which means walnut creek. The "Bolbones" was in honor of the American Indians (mentioned earlier) who once settled the area.
Like in many inland towns in California, the circumstances around Walnut Creek dramatically changed with the arrival of the South Pacific Railroad service in 1891. By 1913, regular passenger and freight service were in active operation between Oakland and Walnut Creek. However, the demand for railroad services plummeted quickly, and as a result they closed in 1934.
In 1914, Walnut Creek and its surrounding 500 acres-area were voted to be incorporated as Contra Costa County's eighth city. The City Council was initially named as the City's Board of Trustees, whose first president was Harry Spencer.
The fast-paced growth of the city meant street improvements. The effort brought a $2 million street improvement program that included the establishment of both Broadway and California boulevards. The opening of Contra Costa County's Broadway Shopping Center resulted to explosion of Walnut Creek's population. From 2,460 in 1950, it quadrupled to 9,903 in 1960.
The city council, aniticipating further commercial and residential growth, adopted its first General Plan in 1971.
The Bay Area Railroad Transit (BART) system was approved by Bay Area voters in 1962. There's a BART station (established in 1973) situated in Walnut Creek's Ygnacio Valley Road and I-680.
In 1974, the city's voters ratified a $6.7 million bond measure which allowed it to buy over a thousand acres of open spaces for development. Walnut Creek, at present, has more open space per capita than any other cities and towns in California.
Commercial activity in Walnut Creek progressed further; by 1985 there were about a million square feet of new office space. They replaced the block of small, post-World War II dwellings which once occupied to the north of the BART station.
The city launched its own official website in February 1996, joining other cities and government agencies which had gone into cyberspace.
As of 2010 US Census Walnut Creek's population stands at 64,173. The San Francisco Chronicle voted Walnut Creek as one of the best cities in the Bay Area. Check out more about Walnut Creek (including the business directory) in the links section of this hub.
Dining in Walnut Creek, California: See 3,002 TripAdvisor traveler reviews of 246 Walnut Creek restaurants and search by cuisine, price, location, and more.


text:
Washington has a fixation on China and France got in the way
France rejects US deal with Australia on nuclear submarines 3:19
(CNN) — In Washington, sooner or later, it all comes down to China.
The Biden administration justifies US policy on infrastructure, the economy and even on public services by the need to strengthen the country to better compete with China. America's foreign policy is increasingly organized as an attempt to counter the rising great power. President Joe Biden goes on to say that he had to leave Afghanistan because China loved that the United States was bogged down there. Let's take some of the biggest issues shaking Washington, the covid-19 pandemic and the fight against climate change, and China is at the center of them. The furor over Bob Woodward and Robert Costa's new book on Donald Trump's final days in office was further heated by claims that the top US military official called his Chinese counterparts to assure them that the then-president would not attack.
China's perceived power is so great that the idea that it poses a threat is on the only issue on which Republicans and Democrats, supporters of Trump and Biden can agree. Biden has put democracy promotion at the center of his presidency, no need to guess why. And China's President Xi Jinping has assumed a hulking personality. Both the current president and the former president have publicly bragged about their phone calls with the Chinese leader to highlight their own status and toughness.
It is perhaps a comment on America's waning prestige as the dominant global power after the tumultuous first two decades of the 21st century in which so many leaders spent so much time defining the country in the face of America's next great adversary.
America is racing to catch up. Hopes from the dawn of the 2000s that introducing China into the world economic system would inexorably promote domestic political freedoms and a placid global partner were sunk. Now, Washington's response must be built quickly on the fly.
In this context, it is not surprising that France was trampled by Washington's fixation on China this week. The Biden administration signed an agreement for Paris to build conventional submarines for Australia with a new strategic alliance with Canberra and London that will see stealth nuclear-powered ships shipped.
Understandably, the French erupted with fury, motivated by more than shame in Paris, because Washington had prioritized an Anglophone pact over its older alliance.
'A stab in the back'
The deal was announced suddenly, disregarding France's global ambitions or France's self-image as a major power, and totally overshadowed Europe's own revelation of its own Indo-Pacific policy.
"Politely speaking, it's a real stab in the back," French Foreign Minister Jean-Yves Le Drian said on French radio on Thursday in remarks that were far from polite. That hit was for Australia. But he was no less sparing with the United States. Months after Biden went to Europe and declared that America was back, Le Drian blasted the final insult.
"This is a decision that is one-sided, brutal, unpredictable. It really seems like something Mr. Trump would do," he said.
The word "unpredictable" was a real blow. European leaders did not expect to agree with Biden on everything. But they at least hoped that the sudden changes in American policy that would have dire consequences for their own security, which were a feature of Trump's tenure, would be replaced by a return of diplomatic civility.
The flapping over Australia will do nothing to mitigate an impression on the other side of the Atlantic, fueled by Biden's lack of communication with the allies about the US withdrawal from Afghanistan, which has a narrow interpretation of US interests and him. It matters little how their actions might complicate the political position of the Allied leaders. Biden, for all his heralds of a return to the alliances, appears to be acquiring a reputation for clumsiness with allies that the United States will need in a pinch.
But it is unlikely that Biden set out to deliberately antagonize France. And Secretary of State Antony Blinken, who grew up there in part, did his best to defuse the controversy: "France, in particular, is a vital partner on this and many other issues that go back to previous generations, and we want to find every opportunity to deepen our transatlantic cooperation in the Indo-Pacific and around the world. " His comment was a reference to France's belief that, given its territories in the region, it has a vital role and a clear conviction that it has been betrayed. As the French ambassador to the United States, Philippe Étienne, told Hala Gorani on CNN International: "We want to be part of the strategies in the Indo-Pacific."
The United States 'will not leave Australia alone'
But while the transatlantic alliance remains a cornerstone of US foreign policy, the current episode makes clear that it is no longer the dominant one. During the Cold War, the main threat to the United States centered on Europe and the challenge of the Soviet Union. His next big enemy is in Asia, so it is not surprising that his focus is directed there. If then-President Barack Obama engineered a turn to Asia, Biden is presiding over a headlong race there. This means that there is a new reality in Washington that America's traditional allies will have to adjust to.
Still, the decision on the submarines could have implications for other areas of foreign policy. The extremely rare move by the United States to share technology with Australia at the nuclear plants that power the ships could weaken its arguments against nuclear proliferation elsewhere – in negotiations with Iran, for example.
The deal between the US, Australia and the UK came with such compelling political and geostrategic advantages for each, that France would not have a chance to block the submarine deal, had it known. (Étienne said that the first time Paris found out was in the Australian and American press.)
The entire focus of Biden's foreign policy is on China's growing challenge. And senior administration officials say they are alarmed by Beijing's increasingly aggressive and nationalistic approach toward Taiwan, the South China Sea and toward US allies such as Australia. Washington's response is to draw its allies into a broad anti-China coalition.
"The United States will not leave Australia alone on the field in the face of these pressure tactics," Blinken said Thursday.
"We have raised publicly and privately our serious concerns about Beijing's use of economic coercion against Australia."
The government of Australian Prime Minister Scott Morrison has been alarmed by fierce economic and diplomatic pressure from China. Indeed, he has now chosen side in any new Cold War between Washington and Beijing. The introduction of a new Australian fleet of nuclear-powered submarines will not transform the geopolitical landscape in the Asia-Pacific region. But coupled with allied international forces that Washington sees share its burden of safeguarding free navigation there amid Beijing's aggressive territorial claims, it could help shape the balance of power. In another step in his campaign, Biden will host a summit next week in Washington, including Morrison and the other two members of the so-called Indo-Pacific Group powers, India and Japan, in another unmistakable sign for China.
Post-Brexit Britain under Prime Minister Boris Johnson has two overwhelming foreign policy goals: to project a global force independent of its former European partners, and to draw close to the Biden administration. The Anglophone alliance represents a mission accomplished both ways and a propaganda victory against Brussels. The UK currently has one of its two new supercarriers deployed to Asia in a sign of its intention. That and Australia's decision to seek American sensitive technology for its submarines may indicate that Washington is paying close attention to allies who demonstrate their commitment to its Indo-Pacific policy with military influence and diplomatic support.
We will have to think seriously among European leaders. While Britain and Australia have now fully joined in Biden's efforts to contain China, France, Germany and European Union leaders have been more cautious, seemingly seeking a middle way between two great powers.
The last days prove that making that decision has consequences.
cnnespanol.cnn.com
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Large calcite (alabaster) vase with pointed base. The vase is very similar to 34.977 and has a pointed base. The body tapers from the rim down; undecorated. Condition: Rim is very slightly chipped and there are occasional spots of greenish-blue paint which may be traces of ancient decoration, though this seems improbable.


text:
dana williams
With so many musicians nowadays that it's easier than ever to find new musicians to listen to. The only problem is that with so many musicians, it can be overwhelming to find someone that can resonate with the masses. Dana Williams, a talented musician, is someone we at MOOD think you should take a listen to! Williams was on the competition series Rising Star and is also known for her YouTube covers. Williams released her brand-new single "Hard" recently and we had the chance to speak with Williams about her music and future career in the industry!
Photography: Anthony Giovanni
Styling: Marco Milani
Words by: Will Heffernan
MOOD: You recently released "HARD." What inspired the song and what's the message behind HARD?
Dana:I wrote "Hard" at a time where I was experiencing a lot of self-doubts. It's a lesson in self-awareness and self-acceptance. Understanding that it is important for me to practice self-compassion and self-love and that my hypercritical, judgmental, thoughts get in the way of personal growth and happiness. It serves as a reminder that perfection doesn't exist.
MOOD: You're creating your own music and have a distinct voice to match your spectacular musical abilities. Who are some of the musical idols that you have admired from an early age?
Dana:I have always really loved Ella Fitzgerald. I remember the moment I discovered her in elementary school. My mom took me to the record store to buy a bunch of her CD's and I have been enamored since. I still listen to her all the time. She helps me relax. I also fell in love with Billie Holiday. They are entrancing storytellers.
MOOD: Was there a particular moment that pushed you off the edge to pursue your dreams?
Dana:I've always been really shy but knew that I wanted to pursue music to some capacity. At one point I thought I'd be a songwriter and have other artists perform my songs. But when I moved back to LA, my sister started signing me up for open mics and booking me local shows here and there, and I realized how much I loved performing. It's a really beautiful extension of art.
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Interview by: Will Heffernan
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More than one return has been filed in your name.
Your account shows a balance due, refund offset, or collections action for a year you weren't required to file a return.
You had income from an employer you've never worked for or show more income than you actually earned.
Your state or federal benefits are canceled or reduced due to a report of change in income that you didn't have.
If you receive a notice from the IRS regarding suspicious activity, call the number on the IRS notice immediately. With this situation, it's better for you to get things solved as soon as possible.
What if you know your identity has been stolen, but you haven't received IRS notification? If you think this is the case, you can report identity theft through the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) online at http://www.idtheft.gov or by phone at 877-438-4338.
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Once you've been a victim of tax or IRS identity theft, the process to resolve the situation can take some time. The FTC offers information to help you create a plan to restore your identity.
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text:
Redbreast Giveaway T&Cs
Giveaway Terms and Conditions (of which instructions form part)
Promotion is run by Dillon Bass, owners of Whiskey Club NI.
Giveaway open to Northern Ireland residents aged 18 years and over, except employees, families, agents or anyone professionally connected with Dillon Bass.
By entering, you agree to be contacted by the parties involved about the giveaway and for the parties to use the information submitted for any purpose in connection with the promotion.
Giveaway is open to all new Whiskey Club email registrations from 10.00am on Saturday 14th September 2019 to Monday 16th September at 12pm.
There is one prize – a 70cl bottle of Redbreast 12 Year Old Whiskey.
The winner will be chosen at random from all entries, using a random number generator system.
The winner will be announced after 12pm on Monday 16th September 2019 on our Whiskey Club NI Website (this page). Winners will be contacted by email and will 24 hours to accept prize, otherwise a new winner will be drawn.
The winner may be asked to provide proof of ID before prize can be released.
Prize is not transferable and no cash alternatives in whole or in part are available.
This promotion is in no way sponsored, endorsed, administered by, or associated with Mailchimp (the platform used to manage our email database. By entering this promotion you understand that you are providing your information to the parties involved and not to Mailchimp. Please refer to our Privacy Policy for information on how we manage data.
Whiskey Club NI reserves the right to vary, alter or terminate this promotion due to unforeseen circumstances. The decision of Whiskey Club NI is final and binding and no correspondence shall be entered into.


and support system all designed to get you fit and healthy!
to get you fit and healthy!
When you visit one of our facilities, you'll see GPP in action as we program a variety of specific strength training and combine it with intense interval training. Our group fitness classes are designed for athletes with varying degrees of experience, so whether the last time you've worked out was in a high school Physical Education class or you ran a 10K last week, we will help you succeed in meeting your goals.
The Foundation, formerly Quad City CrossFit, is a registered CrossFit Affiliate and although we are a CrossFit Affiliate, we've stepped up to meet the needs of our clients by reaching beyond CrossFit and adding elements to benefit the needs of all of our clients. Because of that, in addition to our group fitness classes, we also provide a wide assortment of other classes such as Strength Lab, Endurance Tribe, Boxing Club, Longevity, Yoga, Teens, Personal Training, and more. At The Foundation, we are continually expanding our programs and improving who we are and what we do as a way to guarantee that our clients are achieving their desired outcomes.
When you join The Foundation, you have two different location options to choose from: Davenport, Iowa and Moline, Illinois.
Found at 5335 Carey Avenue is almost 11,000 square feet. Walk into our office and you'll find a variety of supplements lining our shelves along with recovery drinks and protein bars. You'll find a variety of The Foundation apparel as we are blessed to have our own print shop located in the back of our facility. All of our supplements and apparel are available for purchase and can be paid for with cash, check, or charged to our client's individual account. This facility boasts of 3 full bathrooms complete with showers and 1 half bath as well, located near our office. We provide ample space for clients to store their personal belongings and a place to rest after that tough WoD. We offer filtered water in our main gym area and a hand-washing station as well. Childcare is provided Monday through Friday during our 9am group fitness class. Our childcare area is located upstairs in this facility and is free for all members.
Located on prime waterfront real estate at 3800 River Drive and is approximately 8,000 square feet. With waist to ceiling windows overlooking the Mississippi River, working out in Moline definitely, has its benefits. Our Moline location also offers supplements and apparel for purchase and has an office area as well. Male and female restrooms are available and equipped with two showers each in addition to having two water fountains to keep you hydrated. At Moline, you'll also find an area dedicated to The Black and Brave Wrestling Academy equipped with a wrestling ring. This area is blocked off so that it doesn't interfere with our group fitness classes. Childcare is also available Monday through Friday during our 9am group classes. In Moline, you'll also find two Woodway Curve running machines. These are considered the finest treadmills because of their patented design, which offers a first-rate running surface for users.
Both of our facilities house 8 Concept 2 Indoor Rowers, 8 Rogue Assault Air Bikes, and 2 Concept 2 SkiErgs. You'll find ample space to practice pull-ups and bar muscle ups on our rigs that are also used for weight training. Both spaces are equipped with rings for muscle ups, wall ball space, and ropes to climb. In addition, you'll find dumbbells of various weights, boxes to jump or step on, wall balls, med balls, slam balls, kettlebells, 15 lb, 35 lb, and 45 lb barbells, weights to load barbells, and a variety of mobility equipment including mats, resistance bands, rollers, and indian clubs. Both facilities have plenty of parking space available.
Our coaches at The Foundation all hold Level 1 Crossfit Certifications and CPR Certifications at the minimum. In addition, we have coaches who are certified in Olympic lifting, Mobility, Brand X Kids and Teens, and much more. We are happy to boast about the diversity of our staff and all of their unique specializations. All coaches are required to participate in a rigorous training program before becoming a coach at The Foundation. Before coaches are hired, individuals shadow a head coach and learn the trade. During this time, our shadow coaches will observe entire group fitness classes including warm-ups, strength training, and WoD coaching, taking over certain elements one at a time until they are ready to coach one entire class. Then they practice coaching an entire class while being mentored by a head coach. Finally, they take over a few classes and are monitored closely. We pride ourselves in hiring the best of the best in our community. Our coaches attend staff meetings and training regularly and behind the scenes, coaches share tips, tricks, and collaborate on fun and effective warm-ups to keep things interesting for our clients.
A repeated theme that you'll continue to read about throughout this website will be the importance of community. The Foundation offers a variety of different events to get involved with. We host three competitions a year starting with the all-girl team Heartbreaker's Competition in February, followed by our coed team competitions, Urban Street Games held downtown Rock Island in June and Christmas Classic held at PepsiCo Center in Rock Island in December. Many of our clients choose to compete in these competitions and those who don't, usually choose to volunteer in some way. These events are an integral part of our community. Relationships are built both inside and outside of the gym.
In addition to our competitions, we offer Look Better Naked challenges (our last one being Summer Shredz), which generally consist of a 6-8 week nutrition/fitness challenge. We offer nutrition classes, a nutrition coach, a way to track food, weight/body fat analysis using our InBody Composition Analyzer, and an awesome party to celebrate our winners at the end of the challenge. These challenges are a great jump-start to changing the way our clients think about healthy eating and result in a change in overall body composition.
If clients are interested, they can join our Meal-Prep Group. Once a month we meet as members from The Foundation in Bettendorf at the Bettendorf Hy-Vee for a night of Meal-Prep. Members of this group take turns picking out tasty main dish courses and coordinate our ingredients with the staff at Hy-Vee. Then, one night for about two hours, members of the group divide and conquer and put together these Paleo-friendly meals. Participating in this group can really benefit our newer clients who are just learning about healthy eating habits because they're learning how to prepare meals and end up having their freezer stocked with healthy options for those nights when life gets busy.


Goodrich, Frank B. "Nell Gwynn." Saturday Press . 14 Dec. 1858: 1.
Goodrich, Frank B. The Tribute Book A Record of The Munificence, Self-Sacrifice and Patriotism of The American People During the War for the Union . New York: Derby & Miller, 1865.
Goodrich, Frank B. "Nell Gwynn." New York Saturday Press . 15 Aug. 1865: 4-6.
Goodrich, Frank B. World-Famous Women. Types of Female Heroism, Beauty, and Influence, from the Earliest Ages to the Present Time . Publishers' Union, 1891.


Established science believes the polywell is a dead end.
I don't believe that's the case. I think established science (with exceptions) just doesn't care.
Yeah, that's fair. Rider's paper, and then those when asked, either don't know anything, or make failure assumptions based on Rider's work without looking any deeper. I would tend to agree, not enough interest to see about it. I recall several time where comments by "smart folk" saying it won't work were based on completely uninformed ideas of how it works. Sad.


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About UsEdenSanctuary2020-03-11T19:16:53+00:00
Eden Farmed Animal Sanctuary opened in 2008 and is now home to almost 200 residents.
Eden provides a lifelong sanctuary where non-human animals who are rescued from animal-use industries are given a home in a place of safety, where they will never again be viewed as the property of humans and where they will be free from subjugation, exploitation and killing, instead allowed to live out their lives according to their own interests in so far as is possible.
The main objects for which the company, which operates on a not-for-profit basis, is established, are:
in recognition of their personhood, to rescue and provide a Vegan sanctuary, on a not-for-profit basis, for non-human animals who are being used by humans (the "Vegan Sanctuary"), in particular farmed animals belonging to those species that are used and slaughtered as food;
to use the information and insights that these rescued residents in the Vegan Sanctuary provide about their sentience and needs, in such a manner that our public presence reflects the need to completely and rapidly abolish all animal use by humans everywhere through vegan, animal rights advocacy; and
to advocate for animal rights and the promotion of veganism, and dismantling of the property status of animals.
Non Profit Status
Eden Farmed Animal Sanctuary CLG is an animal rights organisation established as a not-for-profit company. As its activities of offering a home to non-human animals who have been rescued from human use, along with the promotion of their right not to be bred, owned, used or killed, do not fit within the definition of a charitable organisation in the Republic of Ireland, Eden is not a registered charity.
Eden was founded serendipitously when two orphaned lambs arrived in April 2008. Shortly afterwards, we rescued twelve chickens from the petting industry, one of whom was a hen called Matilda. That small group of sheep and chickens quickly became our teachers. They taught us primarily that they are individuals whose lives have meaning and purpose for them, independent of the fact that they have been bred for human use. They showed us their individual personalities and preferences. We realised that, like us, they have physical and emotional feelings, that they have rich social and emotional lives, complex cognitive abilities, and an interest in not being harmed and in staying alive. All of them want to live free from oppression, and to use their liberty and autonomy to determine their own unique lives. As a result we ourselves went vegan.
Veganism & Vegan Education
We formed an extraordinary bond with Matilda and through her we learned about the exploitation of the female reproductive system in the egg industry. On the night she died I promised her that Eden would dedicate itself, not only to providing a sanctuary for animals rescued from human use, but that it would become an advocacy centre dedicated to informing people about the individual animals we harm and our moral obligation to be vegan. That promise has been the bedrock of Eden's advocacy which has grown to play a significant role in the animal rights movement that challenges the legal status of other animals as the property of humans. In 2015 Eden ran Go Vegan World, a public advertising campaign that aims to inform people about animal sentience and our duty to be vegan. The residents of Eden feature in its ads. Go Vegan World is now an independent non-profit company but it continues to be inspired and informed by the residents of Eden and is firmly rooted in the promise we made to Matilda.
We define veganism as:
"Veganism" means living in recognition of the fact that other animals are unique and individual sentient beings, with physical and psychological feelings, who are consciously aware of themselves and their world, and who have interests including an interest in their own lives, and who have, therefore, the fundamental rights not to be used, owned or killed by humans. Vegans, therefore, avoid participating in the exploitation of non-human animals for food, clothing, research, entertainment, labour or any other use, in so far as is possible and practicable.
Many vegans also engage in animal rights advocacy and actively work to develop alternatives to animal use, and promote public awareness of animal sentience and animal rights,
Animal Rescue and Animal Rights
Eden exists because, in our view, animal use and killing is unjust. Our objective is to give a home to victims of animal use so that their rights are no longer violated by being bred, used and killed by humans.
Eden provides animal residents with a home not because they are suffering or because of how they are treated but because they are enduring the injustice of being used as objects to serve humans, as though they were unfeeling things, deeming them to be our property.
It is our fundamental conviction that it is morally wrong for humans to force into existence other, non-human, animals for the purpose of subjugating, exploiting and killing them for unnecessary purposes, such as for food, clothing, cosmetic and household products, entertainment and all other purposes. Everything we do at Eden is guided by that conviction.
Farmed animals, whose breeding is governed by the animal agriculture industry, suffer a grave insult to their natural health status. The 'farmed' animals that we know today merely resemble their free ancestors and the greater the distance that our domestication of them puts between them and the natural heritage to which they are entitled, the greater the rights violations we inflict on them.
It is our experience that rescue alone cannot obliterate the consequences of their histories of human use, particularly the effects of selective breeding. Our aim is to ameliorate those effects to the best of our ability (for example using implants to prevent hens laying eggs), and to facilitate them to have the best possible quality of life during their foreshortened lifespans. It is important to remember that sanctuary is not the answer to the problem of animal use: only veganism, along with the complete abolition of human use of other animals, and a radical revision of how we think and feel about them as our sentient equals, can ever be a solution to the problem they face at our human hands.
The work we do at Eden is part of a global movement that seeks to completely eradicate all use, exploitation and killing of non-human animals by humans, to dismantle the property status of animals under the law and to secure the right of all animals to live free from human control, subjugation, use and slaughter.
Far from being an act of charity, the existence of a vegan sanctuary that accords other animals their rights, is a political act. We regard it as the right of every individual to be free from ownership by another. We regard the life of every sentient individual to matter equally, regardless of species. In our view when humans live as vegans they respect the right of everyone not to be owned, used, exploited, harmed or killed, regardless of species. In recognition of the intersectional nature of veganism, we also regard these as human rights and recognise the interconnectedness of human and animal exploitation. Our Logo, Eden: Liberty, Equality, Veganism, represents this philosophy of animal rights. Our work is to expand this way of living beyond the residents of Eden to every living being, not only through the abolition of human use of other animals, but through a radical revision in the ways we think and feel about other lives and our view of ourselves as one of many species of life on this planet.
The Name 'Eden'
A sanctuary can be defined as a safe place, or refuge. The word also has religious connotations pertaining to sacredness. Indeed, although its founder is a person of no religious beliefs, the name Eden was chosen because of its Biblical reference to a garden or paradise characterised by non-violence, equality and harmony.
The ethos of Eden is to simply be a sanctuary for its residents. Inevitably, many of those residents are ill, in pain, or deeply traumatised. Therefore, Eden is primarily a private home to its residents, with the same standards of safety, peace, respect for boundaries, and freedom from unwanted intrusion that humans expect in their homes.
If you need to contact Eden about an animal who needs a home please use or contact page, or email us at info@edenfarmedanimalsanctuary.com or telephone 0872325832.
We also invite you get to know them through this website, and our youtube channel.
Some of the residents at Eden have taken on the role of ambassador of their species, educating us and inspiring us to radically revise how we think and feel about them and about our place as humans on this earth. You can read their stories on the blog section of the site. The only difference between these courageous survivors of human use, and the billions of animals we harm every year, is that the residents at Eden had someone to tell their story. In every other way they are the same as those whose lives were used and killed for the milk, eggs, flesh, clothing, cosmetics and entertainment that we use without a thought for the consequences of our demands.
You can change your part in the history of animal rights by going vegan today.


The owners, Laura, as Head Waitress and Cristian, as Chef, are always here at La Viña de Calpe to serve you, so that you enjoy one of your best meals ever with friends, family or business associates in an ambience and atmosphere that is perfect to sample our best products.
Both our fish, which is bought daily at the local fish markets in Calpe and Moraira and our meat, which bears the corresponding certification of origin, are guaranteed to enhance our culinary creations.
The fresh desserts will sweetly round off your lunches or dinners that are accompanied by our recommended wines. Rest assured that you'll find exactly what we promise here.


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text:
After trying school year, Buena teachers reflect
Graphic by Hope Stewart
"I love being a teacher, and am very grateful that I got to learn and grow in my profession this year" said Michael Stewart.
Colette Packard, Staff writer
The shift from in-person school to online school has taken a toll, not only on students, but on the teachers at Buena as well. It's been a rough year to say the least, but teachers are still grateful for the connections they have made with their students this year.
"This year has been a struggle for everybody," history teacher Rebecka Rithner said. "I think most people did the best that they could".
Teachers and students alike struggled with the hardships of this school year via Zoom, Canvas, and for some, transferring back to in-person classes. Teachers had a difficult time getting to know students on a personal level and making sure their students were completing their work.
For instance, home economics teacher Teresa Hayes had a particularly difficult time adjusting to in-person and hybrid schedule since they relied on non-social distanced emotional support when dealing with the stressful school year.
"Us teachers would rely on each other, cry on each other's shoulders, and bounce ideas off each other," Hayes said.
Sadly, most teachers' biggest worries were making connections with their students. Teachers rarely had the opportunity to see or hear students via Zoom due to the mute option and lack of cameras being turned on. Due to this many teachers could only communicate to students through email and the app Remind.
"One of the most difficult problems this school year was not knowing how to create meaningful relationships with students on video call," math teacher Michael Stewart said. "Personal relationships are at the center of teaching… I had to figure out new ways of creating bonds online, and that was, and is very tricky".
On top of the lack of communication teachers worried greatly about their students' mental health and personal opinions in regard to the curriculum. All teachers wanted was the best for their students and to help keep them engaged despite the difficulties.
"I wish I could wipe away the distress many students felt this year or help students rely on themselves more and appreciate how tough and resilient they are," Rithner said.
"I felt positive about this school year, it was obviously different but we all worked together and it was a good learning experience""
— Michael Chiarella
Buena's new Physiology teacher, Michael Chiarella, positively impacted students through his optimism and confidence that he put on display for the benefit of students. Although, he found it challenging to keep students upbeat and positive and show students that he knew they were doing their best and above all he appreciated them
"I felt positive about this school year, it was obviously different but we all worked together and it was a good learning experience" Chiarella said.
On the bright side, teachers look forward to next year since the classrooms will be back to its lively environment seen in previous years. . Full-time in person school will allow stress levels to reduce on both the students and teachers end. This will also help to build better relationships, and better communication between students and their teachers.
"I am very much looking forward to having a classroom full of students again! Let's do this!" Stewart said.
Colette Packard is a Junior and is a staff writer for Buena Speaks. In her free time she enjoys spending quality time with her closest friends and watching...


Cognizant participates in a variety of industry conferences in addition to our own events.
An informal meeting place for senior executives to network and take part in an insightful, forward-thinking and challenging presentations with selected high-level speakers.
Explore the opportunities for improved customer satisfaction, interaction and growth in our increasingly developed digital world.
Our regular impactful Snapshot Lunch sessions are designed especially for decision makers focused on a prioritised calendar.
Please contact Madi Davis if you'd like to know about upcoming events.
Our goal for the Summit is to facilitate new connections, collaboration and learning so that we can, together, continue to help our clients successfully navigate the digital era.
It's going to be an action-packed event, starting with a visit to our Melbourne Collaboratory, followed by drinks and dinner with our leadership. Day 2 at The Langham, will comprise of formal presentations in the morning including some from our clients, followed post-lunch by an opportunity to have exclusive one on one meetings with our senior leadership team.
4:45pm Welcome address - Denham Pinder4:45pm - 5:30pmWelcome to country, Who we are in ANZ market, Australian innovation story, agenda.
Cognizant is delighted to be sponsoring and exhibiting at SIBOS – the world's premier financial services networking event organised by SWIFT. This annual conference and exhibition connects more than 8,000 executives, decision makers and thought leaders from across the industry. Join Cognizant to see how we're enabling the digital economy.
The event will be an opportunity to network and collaborate with over 30 of Sydney's cross-industry executives from the IT, Digital, Strategy, Data, Innovation and Operations fields.
Realising the power of artificial intelligence: assessing the current and future applications of enterprise.
Running from 12:00pm – 2:00pm, the session includes a 30-minute networking lunch followed by insights and an open-floor discussion.
We would be delighted to host you at this important industry initiative.
I'm a data scientist and developer. My background is in computer science and mathematics with a Ph.D. and 1st class honours. I am focused, disciplined and have amazing time management skills.On the side, I study the world of finance and build software tools to help me invest my capital. I love travel, and I'm getting into body building.
work with the leaders in Asia Pacific's leading organisations on making big data and analytics a valuable part of their business success. My entire career has been spent helping organisations achieve meaningful outcomes with their information. If you're a business leader, you're likely facing an exciting and possibly intimidating rate of change in technology capabilities and the abundance of information. I thrive on meeting that digital challenge.
Lisa has led over 200 successful research and advisory programs across a range of industries including BFSI, manufacturing, retail, logistics and hospitality. Lisa's greatest passion is measuring and benchmarking the technology experience of end users in large organisations. A hallmark of Lisa's approach is that the insights she produces drive real and measurable change for her clients which allows them to understand where they are on their workplace digital transformation journey, and what actions to focus on to drive the greatest value to the organisation. As technology evolves, Lisa continues to provide a unique perspective as the guardian of the end users technology experience.
Steve Lennon is Digital Partner for Manufacturing, Logistics, Energy & Utilities, leading strategic engagement with Cognizant's Australian clients in these sectors. Through a holistic approach that addresses strategy, people, process, data and systems, he helps harness the power of technology to drive business innovation. His unique skillset, acquired through investment banking, technology, management consulting, creative agency and executive leadership roles in Australia, the US and Europe, allows him to see multiple ways to create value for Cognizant's clients. Steve is also an accomplished author and public speaker.
Key topics addressed in the stage presentations and peer-to-peer discussions include Digital Transformation, Customer Experience, Artificial Intelligence and Robo-advice.
Cognizant is proud to be a silver sponsor at FST Banking Summit which will bring together 100+ Chiefs and Divisional Heads at Australia's largest banking and financial services organisations to share thought leadership insights, trends and emerging technologies that are changing the industry. We will be discussing and sharing advice around embracing the next financial revolution – Open APIs which are fueling industry collaboration and innovation in open banking.
Designing a digital organization requires new building blocks. Work constantly evolves. Soon, AI and automation will be found in every job, in every profession, in every industry. The concerns about a 'jobless future' are understandable, but work is not going away. Many businesses are now trying to figure out the pieces of work.
As industry sectors are melting and reforming in startlingly creative ways, blending talents, disciplines, and technologies in a supercharged wave of innovation, how people work together is clearly changing.
Technology solves many problems, but it also creates new problems that need to be addressed by people. How can an established company build a new architecture to survive the future of work?
Cognizant proposes 21 new jobs that will emerge over the next 10 years and will become cornerstones of the future of work. From data detectives, to cyber city analysts, to augmented reality journey builders, these jobs are not science fiction they're jobs your HR department will have to fill before very long. Take a peek into this world – hear, debate and experience what's ahead in this must attend event with leaders and disruptors in the industry.
Andrew Cornell is the founding managing editor of BlueNotes, ANZ Banking Group's forum for financial services and economic news, opinion and analysis.Cornell is a multi-award winning journalist, including Australia's most prestigious business and general commentary awards. He has worked across north Asia as well as Australia in two decades with the Australian Financial Review where he was associate editor, senior writer and columnist.He has co-written and edited books on business, management, Japan and cinema.
Betsy is Director of Retail Banking at Xinja and is responsible for building and delivering a world-class experience for Xinja's (soon-to-be) customers. Betsy is driven by two obsessions - improving the financial well-being of all Australians and bringing humanity back to banking. A luxury hotelier by trade Betsy 'fell' into a career in banking. The self-described Non-banky Banker, she has experience as a Bank Manager for NAB and as a Senior Private Banker at both NAB Private and ANZ Private where she looked after the financial needs of Australia's wealthiest families. She's a qualified Financial Advisor and loves helping people better understand money. So much so she started a side hustle called 'Own It' in 2015 which helped young women learn about and make the most of their money.
Craig is an experienced technology and operations executive who has led the delivery of large scale business transformations, cloud services implementations, and service operations change programs. He joins from UXC Ltd where he was CIO and CTO, with global responsibility for the ICT function. Prior to this he was CIO and Executive General Manager for Customer Services at Service Stream. He has also held various executive IT roles at ANZ Bank, Telstra, Rio Tinto and Sensis. Craig is an Advisory Board Member of the CIO Executive Council Australia/New Zealand.


Key features of friction materials are hard wearing and anti-friction properties. Usually they are used in different types of industrial clutch systems, industrial drum and band brakes and diverse industrial machinery brake systems.
Thanks to the application of special of a multilayer strand, we offer materials with very high strength and durability, which enables excellent antifriction properties even in very difficult conditions of work.
Friction Brake lining bands are produced from special yarns made of organic and inorganic fibers, reinforced with a brass or copper wire and then it is soaked with a special impregnant. The use of high grade yarns such as Kevlar / Aramide together with graphite and other advanced resins ensure consistently high performance and durability.
All friction materials are non-asbestos and available with or without a metallic inclusion. Friction Products we deliver are offered in friction rolls, cut pieces, radiused friction linings, flat friction sheets, rings, segments and cone friction linings.