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The Death Penalty & Medical Ethics Revisited
Dudley Sharp, updated 5/2016
Some have undertaken an ill advised or dishonest effort to show that medical ethics require medical professionals to shun the death penalty and that some countries and pharmaceutical companies are so concerned about their moral duty that no medical products should be used in executions.
It is an, utterly, false narrative.
Anti-Death Penalty Activism
From the Glossip v Gross case, recently (2015) decided by the US Supreme Court:
"[I]s it appropriate," Justice Alito asked, "for the judiciary to countenance what amounts to a guerrilla war against the death penalty, which consists of efforts to make it impossible for the states to obtain drugs that could be used to carry out capital punishment with little, if any, pain?"
"States are resorting to the less effective midazolam, Justice Scalia added, "Because the abolitionists have rendered it impossible to get the 100 percent-sure drugs."
Who are these anti death penalty, guerrilla warfare folks?
Reprieve, an anti-death penalty group, based in England, began a public campaign against these pharmaceutical companies in Sept/Oct 2009 (1), as well as lobbying efforts with European governments (1&2); at such time those companies and countries started a movement to prevent the drugs from getting to the US.
Reprieve's less public efforts may have begun earlier.
"Reprieve . . . has led the campaign to stop European companies from selling lethal injection drugs to the United States." (2)
"Reprieve filed a lawsuit to ban the exportation of thiopental for use in executions. The British government responded that the death penalty states would simply buy it elsewhere. But shortly after, the government effectively prohibited the export as Reprieve had requested." (2)
"The state of Texas' (lethal injection) drug cache is already dangerously low . . . largely because the compounding pharmacies that make lethal injection drugs fear threats of violence if they are identified." "Many of these vendors who supply these doses to the state have refused to do it any further. It's just not worth the risk of violence." (3)
All death penalty states have either passed laws or are looking at passing laws that allow them to keep their lethal injection suppliers confidential, in order to avoid threats and the risk of violence and/or are seeking alternate methods (4).
Reprieve, as others, are the abolitionists mentioned by the Justices.
THE "ETHICS" TIME GAP
The drug companies were invisible and speechless, from 1977, when the lethal injection protocols were, publicly, adopted by Oklahoma, and from 1982, when they were first used for executions, in Texas, until 2009 - 32 years and 27 years later, respectively.
Why did the moral outrage take 27-39 years to surface?
Anti-death penalty folks didn't, publicly, criticize the drug companies (and their countries of origin), until 2009. Of course, the drug companies and their countries of origin were well aware of the lethal injection use of drugs from 1977, but were not embarrassed, publicly, until 2009.
The response is PR, not ethical.
Do MORE Harm: The Anti Death Penalty Solution
After pharmaceutical company, Hospira, announced its decision, ending thiopental production, the American Society of Anesthesiologists stated that they were "extremely troubled" by Hospira's decision and criticized the anti-death-penalty movement for "using" thiopental supplies to make a point (5).
The doctors noted the "unfortunate irony that many more lives will be lost or put in jeopardy as a result of not having the drug available for its legitimate medical use." (5), in direct violation of the Hippocratic Oath and the "do no harm" directive.
" . . . European restrictions on thiopental might be justifiable if they save a lot of lives on Death Row. They probably won't." ". . . substitutes for thiopental as an execution drug are readily available." (5)
No murderers lives will be spared in exchange for greater risk to innocent patients - a clear violation of the Hippocratic Oath and the "do no harm" directive.
The drug companies are well aware.
Because of these restrictions, the state of Missouri had planned to use propofol for executions, which no one doubted would result in a quick, painless death.
The European manufacturer stated that they would withhold that drug from the US if propofol were used in executions, thus denying its use, estimated at 50 million uses per year in the US (6).
Missouri Governor Nixon was much more concerned about those innocent patients and how their lives and suffering would be additionally threatened and increased, respectively, by the withholding of that drug. Therefore, he ordered the drug not be used, because he was certain that the drug manufacturer would increase the harm and suffering to all those patients, by withholding that drug (6), if he allowed propofol to be used.
Drug manufacturers in Europe are so against uncomfortable publicity that they would, knowingly, put more innocent patients at risk, by withholding their drugs from the US, while US Governors would reject putting those innocent patients more at risk.
It is obvious who is more concerned with the Hippocratic Oath and the "do no harm" directive - the Governor.
As Charles Lane of the Washington Post observed: "What we have here is not a serious, effective protest, but an exercise in feel-good politics that puts innocent people at risk." (5).
" . . . in 1995, a report in JAMA said that, "Over a million patients are injured in U.S. hospitals each year, and approximately 280,000 die annually as a result of these injuries." (9a).
Based upon 2008-2011 US data, " . . . the true number of premature deaths associated with preventable harm to patients was estimated at more than 400,000 per year. Serious harm seems to be 10- to 20-fold more common (4-8 million) than lethal harm. (9b)
As a result, the drug companies have suspended their drug distributions to the hospitals/doctors with the highest rates of innocent patient harm and deaths via drug/prescription errors . . .
. . . well no, not really, of course.
Innocents are more at risk when we fail to use the death penalty (10).
"Do no harm"? Really?
The drug companies, now, say that restricting lethal injection drugs is based upon ethical considerations. But, history tells us it is a pr issue. As detailed, those companies prefer the result of injuring more innocent patients in exchange for restricting their drugs, which will delay, but not stop, the execution of guilty murderers.
Even without the huge ethics time gap, how could such a known outcome be described as either ethical or moral?
THE ETHICS OF LYING - The Hippocratic Oath
There has been a lot of ink used to review the long standing medical professions ethical prohibitions against the death penalty.
There is no such prohibition.
Some in the medical community have fabricated an ethical prohibition against medical professionals' involvement in state executions by invoking the famous "do no harm" credo and the Hippocratic Oath.
It is a dishonest effort.
Some have proclaimed that "First do no harm" is a centuries old foundation of medical ethics, weighing against death penalty participation.
Untrue.
It is an anti-death penalty fraud that "do no harm" is in the context of the state execution of murderers (8).
Neither the Hippocratic Oath nor "do no harm" have anything to do with executions (8).
Both are, solely, concerned with the medical profession and patients.
" 'do no harm' (a phrase translated into Latin as "Primum nonnocere") is often mistakenly ascribed to the (Hippocratic) oath, although it appears nowhere in that venerable pledge.(8)"
"Hippocrates came closest to issuing this directive in his treatise Epidemics, in an axiom that reads, 'As to disease, make a habit of two things - to help, or at least, to do no harm.' (8)"
"As to disease" Nothing else.
There is no relevance outside medicine and, most certainly, no prohibition against medical professionals participation in the state execution of murderers.
The effort to ban medical professionals' participation in executions is an unethical effort to fabricate professional ethical standards, based upon personal anti-death penalty activism, from those whose professions are medically related.
From Dr. Robert Truog, MD, Professor of Medical Ethics, Harvard Medical School:
"If I think of the kind of a hypothetical where you have an inmate who is about to be executed and knows that this execution may involve excruciating suffering, that inmate requests the involvement of a physician, because he knows that the physician can prevent that suffering from occurring, and if there is a physician who is willing to do that, and we know from surveys that many are, I honestly can't think of any principle of medical ethics that would say that that is an unethical thing for the physician to do." (11)
Physician & Drug Co. Hypocrisy:
The classic Hippocratic Oath & Its Brother, the Hypocrisy Oath
Hippocratic Oath: "I will neither give a deadly drug to anybody who asked for it, nor will I make a suggestion to this effect. Similarly I will not give to a woman an abortive remedy. In purity and holiness I will guard my life and my art." (8)
This is a prohibition against euthanasia and abortion (8) and has nothing to do with the fabricated medical prohibition of participation in state sanctioned executions.
Do those alleged anti-death penalty drug companies and countries fight against any drugs being used in abortions and/or euthanasia?
Do those anti-death penalty physicians and medical associations promise license revocation if any of their members participate in euthanasia or abortion?
In fact, we have Belgium approving the assisted suicides of children, of any age, with participation by physicians (7).
For those countries and drug companies, the Hippocratic Oath has become the Hypocrisy Oath.
Many of those countries, pharmaceutical companies and medical professionals fully accept and participate in both abortion and euthanasia.
They, totally, negate the true ethical prohibitions that exist in a medical, historical context.
Instead, they just invent new ones, against the death penalty and for child suicide, while showing contempt for the true prohibitions, ushering in the newly renamed and truthful - Hypocrisy Oath.
Is there anyone unaware that the lethal injection executions of murderers are a criminal justice/corrections sanction and that it is not a medical procedure with patients?
No . . . unless they have a well-developed sense of dishonest imagination.
The few legal reviews of this topic have found as reason and fact require:
"Other courts have addressed (physicians participating in executions) and found that it does not violate the physician's code of ethics to participate in an execution . . ." "The Court... does not find that Missouri physicians who are involved in administering the lethal injections are violating their ethical obligations . . ." (Taylor v. Crawford, Jan. 31, 2006, Court Order issued by the US Western District Court of Missouri)
Let's look at some additional sensible reviews:
The editors of The Public Library of Science (PLoS) Medicine write:
"Execution by lethal injection, even if it uses tools of intensive care such as intravenous tubing and beeping heart monitors, has the same relationship to medicine that an executioner's axe has to surgery." ("Lethal Injection Is Not Humane", PLoS, 4/24/07).
Exactly, none, at all.
So to, The American Society of Anesthesiologists:
"Although lethal injection mimics certain technical aspects of the practice of anesthesia, capital punishment in any form is not the practice of medicine. ("Statement on Physician Nonparticipation in Legally Authorized Executions," 10/18/06).
Both confirm the obvious: The state execution of murderers has no connection, ethically or otherwise, to the medical treatment of patients.
Rationally, there is no ethical nor moral connection, Some folks just want to fabricate a false narrative. So that's what they do - just another anti-death penalty fraud.
Alternatives: Drugs and Methods
Currently, the best lethal injection protocol appears to be using one drug, Pentobarbital, with some 11 US states having that protocol or announcing an effort to adopt it and it is also in use for legally assisted suicides in Oregon and Washington.
Will death penalty jurisdictions abandon lethal injection? They might . . . and, likely, should.
The constant badgering, by anti-death penalty activists, against chemical suppliers and/or compounding pharmacists might simply wear folks down. No one likes constant harassment.
. . . or a reliable pharmacy, unaffected by threats of violence, may turn up.
It is a mystery, why state corrections pharmacies don't compound the drugs, themselves.
Nitrogen Gas
Well known by the euthanasia community, nitrogen gas is a pain free, inexhaustible source for those wishing to take their own lives and is the ideal solution for executions (12). Oklahoma has already adopted it as an alternate method of execution, as have others.
It has every advantage over lethal injection (12).
That will go well, until anti-death penalty activists start harassing nature for her production of nitrogen and some in the medical community will, again, voice their opposition to participation in executions, while we have the approved ethics of assisted suicides for children, of any age, assisted by physicians, from the EU progressively enlightened Belgium Parliament (7).
1) The earliest public involvement of Reprieve into stopping executions drugs into the US appears to be in Sept/Oct 2009 and, likely, sooner, privately. http://www.reprieve.org.uk/case-study/cases-ed-zagorski/
2) "Drug Company in Cross Hairs of Death Penalty Opponents", New York Times, MARCH 30, 2011
3) "Lawmaker Says Death Penalty in Jeopardy", by Terri Langford, The Texas Tribune, April 15, 2015
4) Lots of articles, do a search "death penalty" "secrecy laws"
5) "Europe's dangerous death penalty gesture", By Charles Lane, Washington Post, 02/ 1/2011
6) "Missouri governor postpones execution over questions about lethal injection drug", By Jeremy Kohler, St. Louis Today, October 12, 2013.
7) "What Belgium's child euthanasia law means for America and the Constitution", Eugene Kontorovich, Washington Post, February 13, 2014
8) Physicians & The State Execution of Murderers: No Medical Ethics Dilemma
http://prodpinnc.blogspot.com/2009/10/physicians-state-execution-of-murderers.html
9) a) I used 1995, as it was about halfway between 1976, when new death penalty statutes gained US Supreme Court approval, within Gregg v Georgia, and 2015. Bates DW, Cullen DJ, Laird N, Petersen LA, Small SD, Servi D, Laffel G, Sweitzer BJ, Shea BF, Hallisey R, et al. Incidence of adverse drug events and potential adverse drug events. Implications for prevention. ADE Prevention Study Group. JAMA. 1995 Jul 5;274(1):29-34. taken from DEATH BY MEDICINE, Section THE FIRST IATROGENIC STUDY, By Gary Null PhD, Carolyn Dean MD ND, Martin Feldman MD, Debora Rasio MD, Dorothy Smith PhD, 2003, http://www.wnho.net/deathbymedicine.htm
b) A New, Evidence-based Estimate of Patient Harms Associated with Hospital Care
James, John T. PhD, Journal of Patient Safety, September 2013 - Volume 9 - Issue 3 - p 122–128, john.t.james@earthlink.net
10) The Death Penalty: Do Innocents Matter? A Review of All Innocence Issues
http://prodpinnc.blogspot.com/2013/10/the-death-penalty-do-innocents-matter.html
11) New England Journal of Medicine interview titled "Perspective Roundtable: Physicians and Execution", Jan. 18, 2008
12) Nitrogen Gas; Flawless, peaceful, unrestricted method of execution
http://prodpinnc.blogspot.com/2014/09/nitrogen-gas-flawless-peaceful.html
Posted by dudleysharp at 12:32 PM
Courts, states put death penalty on life support
Death Penalty: HOW MEDIA MURDERS THE TRUTH
Last edited 11/3/2016
USA Today: Another Major Media Anti Death Penalty Manifesto
To: Editorial Board, Editors, Columnists, crime reporters
USA Today and many others
RE: How bad is "Courts, states put death penalty on life support", Richard Wolf and Kevin Johnson, USA TODAY, 9/14/2015
From: Dudley Sharp
CC: Ethics Committee & Board of Directors
Society of Professional Journalists
All Professors, Walter Cronkite School of Journalism and Mass
If you like one sided news pieces, no thinking outside the anti death penalty box and rare fact checking, you have your perfect storm.
Anti death penalty folks couldn't have bought this kind of support.
1) USA Today: "Of all the arguments against capital punishment, none is as powerful as the risk of executing the innocent. Yet research shows about 4% of prisoners sentenced to death are just that."
REBUTTAL: Complete utter nonsense.
The 4% innocent is based upon a well known, erroneous database, created by an anti death penalty group, The Death Penalty Information Center (DPIC) which, depending upon various reviews, is 70-83% in error with their "innocence" claims, which are based upon redefining both "innocent" and "exonerated", as if they had redefined lie as truth and, then, stuffed a bunch of cases into those fraudulent definitions (1a&b).
This has been very well known, since 2000.
I am unaware of any reporter, who has reported on the death penalty, frequently, who is not aware of this.
The media is "all in" on this deception, with few exception. All you have to do is ask.
The DPIC will tell you that their "exoneration" and "innocent" released from death row have nothing to do with actual innocence. Simple fact checking confirms this. Took me 5 minutes to, originally, confirm this.
There is no poof of an innocent executed in the US, at least since the 1930s. Since 1973, 16,000 innocents have been murdered by those known murderers that we have allowed to murder, again - recidivist murderers (2).
Where are the innocents most at risk? When we allow murderers to live. USAT missed it?
Innocents are better protected, in three ways, by the death penalty than by Life Without Parole (LWOP) (2).
USAT needs some sense of reality, proportion and balance. Fact checking would help, as well. Journalism 101?
2) USA Today: "Prosecutors, judges and juries also are being influenced by capital punishment's myriad afflictions: racial and ethnic discrimination, geographic disparities -- "with half of (death sentences) coming in just 2% of the nation's counties." -- (and) decades spent on death row and glaring mistakes that have exonerated 155 prisoners in the last 42 years."
REBUTTAL to all USAT points:
A. GEOGRAPHIC DISPARITY:
Did USAT consider that half the capital murders/executions might occur in only 2% of the nations death penalty counties (3)?
Although an obvious place to start, as well as confirmed reality (3), it appears USAT avoided the obvious.
The majority of death sentences come from where the capital murders are committed, as one would expect (3) - USAT missed it? - and, secondarily, seeking death is based upon prosecutorial discretion, as with all cases.
B. EXONERATION FRAUDS:
The "exoneration" claims have been a well known fraud, for at least 15 years, as anyone who fact checks is aware (see review in P1 and fn 1a&b). Depending upon review, from 26-46 death row inmates may have had solid evidence of actual innocence -- 0.4% of those so sentenced -- and were, then, released from death row, since 1976 (1b). A remarkable record of accuracy.
C. RACIAL AND ETHNIC DISCRIMINATION
"White murderers are twice as likely to be executed as are black murderers (4).
56% of those executed are white, 35% black (4).
From 1977-2012, white death row murderers have been executed at a rate 41% higher than are black death row murderers, 19.3% vs 13.7%, respectively. ( Table 12, Executions and other dispositions of inmates sentenced to death, by race and Hispanic origin, 1977–2012, Capital Punishment 2012, Bureau of Justice Statistics, last edited 11/3/14)
For the White–Black comparisons, the Black level is 12.7 times greater than the White level for homicide, 15.6 times greater for robbery, 6.7 times greater for rape, and 4.5 times greater for aggravated assault (4).
For the Hispanic- White comparison, the Hispanic level is 4.0 times greater than the White level for homicide, 3.8 times greater for robbery, 2.8 times greater for rape, and 2.3 times greater for aggravated assault (4).
For the Hispanic–Black comparison, the Black level is 3.1 times greater than the Hispanic level for homicide, 4.1 times greater for robbery, 2.4 times greater for rape, and 1.9 times greater for aggravated assault (4).
As robbery/murder is, by far, the most common death penalty eligible murder, the multiples will be even greater
Much more in fn 4.
D. CAPITAL PUNISHMENTS MYRIAD AFFLICTIONS
The "afflictions" are, often, little fact checking and a one sided presentations by the media, as demonstrated.
3) USA Today: "The emotional and financial toll of prosecuting a single capital case to its conclusion, along with the increased availability of life without parole and continuing court challenges to execution methods, have made the ultimate punishment more elusive than at any time since its reinstatement in 1976" " . . . death sentences dropped from a high of 315 in 1996 to 73 last year."
"The number of executions peaked at 98 in 1999 and has dropped since then, hitting a low of 35 last year. In the first eight months of this year, 20 prisoners have been killed — 16 of them in Texas and Missouri."
REBUTTAL: More elusive? True, but not for the reasons given by USAT.
Obvious facts elude USAT.
A. FEWER CAPITAL MURDERS = FEWER DEATH SENTENCES
Any additional "elusiveness" of the death penalty is based upon the reductions in murders and, even more so, on a even greater reduction in capital murders, the obvious first option to check and something USAT never even considered -- the most obvious was the most elusive . . . for USAT- fewer capital murders equals fewer death sentences. USAT missed it?
The US has had double digit executions, annually, from 1984 - 2014 (5) . Murders are, now, at a 46 year low (6). Murder rates are, now, at a 57 year low (6). It's not surprising that death sentences are at a 41 year low (5) - "more elusive", of course.
In the US, from 1991-2013, there was 43% drop in murders (a 54% drop in murder rates), a 25% drop in rapes (a 40% drop in rate) and a 50% drop in robberies (a 60% drop in rate) (6). As rape/murders, robbery/murders are the most common death penalty eligible crimes, those, likely, dropped from 60-80%, nationally, accounting for the vast majority of the drop in death sentences.
Based upon new case law and state death penalty repeals, such would, likely, account for about a 12% reduction in death sentences, bringing the 315 down to 277 (8).
So what is the explanation for the 74% drop to 73 from 277?
With about a 60-80% drop in capital murders (murders/rapes/robberies 1994-2013) (6) plus additional reductions for other reasons, such as LWOP, up front costs, as others, all contributing to prosecutorial frustration/discretion, as a rule all caused or affected by . . .
B. JUDICIAL ROADBLOCKS
Judges are the case managers, at pre trial, trial and on appeals - they are in control of both time and costs, some with responsibility others with complete abandon.
Because of judicial roadblocks and delays - judges decide on timing and costs - prosecutors may just get fed up, choosing to avoid the death penalty, seek a LWOP trial instead, or, better, a plea to LWOP, avoiding the huge costs and countless delays imposed by many judges in death penalty cases, at pretrial, in trial and within appeals.
USAT missed that such was Josh Marquis' point.
In states like California, Kansas and Pennsylvania, judges are, very openly, killing the death penalty, as in New Jersey and Connecticut.
For example, in the modern era, post Gregg v Georgia (1976):
Virginia executed her first 111 murderers within 7.1 years, on average (9), has executed 72% of those sent to death row and has an 11% overturning rate in appeals (7). Virginia's latest execution, 10/1/2015, occurred after 5 years of appeals.
Pennsylvania has executed only 3 of the 417 sentenced to death, or 0.7%, and has a 45% overturning rate in appeals (7), likely to become 90%, if the judges will allow appeals to end. Why?
Pa judges will only allow executions when the murderer "volunteers" and waives appeals, whereas Virginia judges are responsible and respect the law. USAT missed it?Pa judges are obstructionists to the law, a common and obvious problem in many jurisdictions.
". . . in California, appeals attorneys are not appointed (by judges) for three to five years. (Those attorneys, then, allowed by judges) to take four years to learn the case and file their appeal. Attorneys for habeas appeal (through the federal courts) are not appointed (by the judges), on average, until eight to 10 years after the death sentence." Three Major Steps to Reduce Death Penalty Delay in California, Crime and Consequences blog, Bill Otis, August 8, 2015, http://www.crimeandconsequences.com/crimblog/death-penalty/
Judges have, intentionally, destroyed the California system. It could not be more obvious.
For many, the judicial problems are just too much.
USAT, completely, missed the judicial component, which is huge.
C. WHY FEWER EXECUTIONS?
C.1. Fewer death sentences will equal fewer execution and . . .
Since 2006, executions have been affected by litigation related to the lethal injection method, as well as drug shortages, within that method, resulting in a "slowdown" of executions averaging 43 per year (2007-2013) (5).
It is very rare to have executions over 60 per year, which has only occurred 7 times (1997-2013), or 18% of execution years (5).
Excluding those exceptions, the average is 27 executions per year (1977-1996, 2004-2013) and, if starting with double digit executions in 1984, the average is 36 executions per year (5).
The "slowdown" period has averaged 43 executions/year and could get down to a 27-36 average, within the next 5 years, if the actual execution problems are not corrected.
C.2. 128% INCREASE IN APPEALS TIME
Executions are, undoubtedly, much fewer than they would otherwise be, because the time between sentencing and executions has risen by 128%, from 6.6 years, the average time from 1984-1988, when double digit executions began, to 15 years, the average time from 2009-2013 (11).
This is the fault of the judges, again, and is an intended killer of the death penalty, as virtually every hearing on the death penalty attests and might be the greatest reducer of executions, but was, completely, . . . missed by USAT.
In 1996, the US Congress passed the Anti terrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act (AEDPA), part of which was supposed to quicken death penalty appeals.
Every year since then, the average time of appeals, until execution, has been greater than in 1996 (10.4 years), with the longest being 16.5 years, (2011) (11).
Apparently, judges didn't like the AEDPA . The judicial move against the death penalty became even more obvious.
USAT missed it? Of course.
C.3. EXECUTION METHOD
Until jurisdictions change the method of execution, they will continue to have problems, brought on by anti death groups (17) pressuring those manufacturers to deny the best drugs for pain free executions to the US (17), thereby applying more risk to the inmates and delaying, but not stopping, any executions (17).
As Charles Lane of the Washington Post observed: "What we have here is not a serious, effective protest, but an exercise in feel-good politics that puts innocent people at risk." (18).
-- NITROGEN GAS
It appears the best replacement is nitrogen gas - it cannot be withheld, is easily accessible, peaceful and euphoric, very easy to administer - just an oxygen mask and a tank of gas, just turn the knob (17).
4) USA Today: "Supreme Court Justice Stephen Breyer said "From a defendant's perspective, to receive that sentence, and certainly to find it implemented, is the equivalent of being struck by lightning." "The imposition and implementation of the death penalty seems capricious, random, indeed arbitrary,'' "The Eighth Amendment forbids punishments that are cruel and unusual" "In the last two decades, the imposition and implementation of the death penalty have increasingly become unusual."
"Just last month, Connecticut's Supreme Court struck down the death penalty for prisoners already convicted of their crimes, going beyond the legislature's prospective repeal."
A. Rebuttal to Breyer:
Here is his "equivalent":
The chances of being struck by lightning in the US, within 11 years, is 1 in 63,636. The chances of being executed in the US, within 11 years of a death sentence, is 1 in 6.
When is a 10,000 times difference "Equivalent"? Breyer's ridiculous hyperbole.
Least arbitrary and capricious
Of all criminal cases, the death penalty has 1) the greatest restrictions on its application; 2) the greatest due process protections in pre trial, at trial, in appeals and 3) the greatest consideration in executive clemency and commutations, meaning, of course, that the death penalty must be . . . the least arbitrary and capricious of all criminal sanctions.
Pretty obvious. USAT missed it?
The unusual nature of the death penalty is based within it's extremely small application, the difficulties, costs and delays, many, intentionally, caused by judges, to undermine the death penalty and a huge reduction in capital murders over the last two decades, none of which Breyer discussed as the cause for the "unusual". USAT missed it, too.
B. REBUTTAL to Ct Supreme Court:
Chief Justice Chase T. Rogers, one of three dissenters wrote that "every step" of the majority's opinion was "fundamentally flawed." "The majority's determination that the death penalty is unconstitutional under our state's constitution is based on a house of cards, falling under the slightest breath of scrutiny."
As it was.
All reflecting how poor the reasoning is with many of the anti death penalty justices.
USAT never even considered those points, as USAT only pushes the anti death penalty message.
5) USA TODAY: "In Colorado last month, jurors couldn't agree on the death penalty for James Holmes, who (murdered) 12 . . . :" "Their indecision resulted in an automatic sentence of life without parole."
Rebuttal: Indecision? Hardly. It was very decisive, by any measure.
11 jurors (92%) voted for death and only 1 (8%) voted for life (12) - a very decisive vote and also, by far, the most anti democratic result within the US, with the vast minority ruling over the vast majority.
Possibly, in respecting democratic principles, as opposed to undermining them, a majority vote should rule the sentence.
6) USA Today: "A California study in 2008 found the state spent $137 million annually to support the death penalty but would spend only $11.5 million if it was repealed."
Rebuttal. Impossible and complete utter nonsense.
Did USAT fact check? Guess.
The $11.5 million means that California would only be spending $15,000/yr/inmate.
Impossible.
The average cost per inmate per year, in Ca, for 2007-2008, was $49,000/yr. (9).
With confirmed California Corrections cost increases, that will, likely, be over $65,000/inmate/yr, on average, today - not $15,000 (9).
This $49,000/inmate/yr is the average for all inmates, not the level IV security of death row inmate like criminals that will cost more, if not much more.
For higher security inmates, which, likely, would include those transferred from death row, the costs range from $71,000 - $172,000/inmate/yr. (9), not $15,000.
USAT, fact checking? Truly embarrassing.
7) USA Today: "A Colorado study in 2013 found that death penalty cases took more than five years on average to complete, compared to 1 1/2 years for cases involving life without parole."
Rebuttal: Of course, USAT didn't even consider how completely irresponsible Colorado judges are. Let's look.
John Allen Muhammad , the DC sniper, was arrested on October 24, 2002. His Virginia trial began on October 14, 2003, he was sentenced to death on November 24, 2003 and was executed in Virginia on November 10, 2009.
From arrest to sentence was, exactly, 12 months. The prosecution called more than 130 witnesses and introduced more than 400 pieces of evidence. It was 6 years from sentencing to execution.
That's how incredibly wasteful Colorado and many other state judges are.
Why didn't USAT use Virginia or Texas as examples, instead of Colorado? Guess.
USAT wouldn't want to show that better management meant a better death penalty.
Therefore, just show the worst.
Would it be appropriate, when reviewing USA Today's journalistic record, to only look at her disasters - as this article - and, completely, avoid any successes?
8) USA Today: "The cross-country battle over lethal injection methods has taken on added importance since last year, when inmates in Ohio, Oklahoma and Arizona gasped, moaned or writhed in pain during the administration of a three-drug cocktail including the sedative midazolam. But other protocols have come under attack as well."
Rebuttal: How misleading and/or a lack of fact checking.
There is, certainly, no evidence that the death row inmates suffered any pain in the Arizona (13) or Ohio (14) executions. The problem in Oklahoma was poor procedure, not the drug (15).
Arizona:
"No one who witnessed the execution has said Wood ever woke up. It simply took a long time for him to die." (13)
"(Arizona Department of Corrections Director Charles Ryan) said IV lines in the inmate's arms were "perfectly placed" and insisted that Wood felt no pain. " (13)
He is correct , there could have been no pain, only sedation, sleep, coma and death (with apnea, shortness of breath, wheezing, other noises, etc. common.
"This doesn't actually sound like a botched execution. This actually sounds like a typical scenario if you used that drug combination," said Karen Sibert, an anesthesiologist and associate professor at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center. Sibert was speaking on behalf of the California Society of Anesthesiologists." (13)
Ohio:
"State prison records released Monday say McGuire told guards that (McGuire's counsel, Robert) Lowe counseled him to make a show of his death that would, perhaps, lead to abolition of the death penalty. But three accounts from prison officials indicate McGuire refused to put on a display." (14)
"Amy Borror, a spokeswoman for the public defender's office, said all accounts from execution eyewitnesses - which did not include Lowe - indicate McGuire was unconscious at the time he struggled to breathe." (14)
"Medical experts would not comment on Mr. McGuire's execution or speculate about what he experienced. They agreed that used for surgery, the two drugs would not cause pain. (14).
"By virtue of what they do, they cause unconsciousness, and they inhibit pain," said Dr. Howard Nearman, professor of anesthesiology at Case Western Reserve University (14).
As there was no surgery, both drugs were given at overdose levels and both drugs would enhance the effects of the other, of course there was no pain.
Do folks wheeze, snore, move or cough etc. while sleeping? Do those with opiate overdoses wheeze, snore, move, cough, have spasms, etc.? Of course, which is all that happened with McGuire, as some predicted.
The Associate Press witness:
"McGuire was still for almost five minutes, then emitted a loud snort, as if snoring, and continued to make that sound over the next several minutes. He also soundlessly opened and shut his mouth several times as his stomach rose and fell." "A coughing sound was Dennis McGuire's last apparent movement, at 10:43 a.m. He was pronounced dead 10 minutes later." (14)
How did USAT leave all that out?
Either they don't fact check and/or they only want you to see the anti death penalty side of the story, even if it is false or misleading . . . obvious.
9) USA Today: "Today, there is a similar consensus (against the death penalty) : Two-thirds of the states have held no executions since 2010. And the percentage of Americans who favor capital punishment is down from 78% two decades ago to 56% today, according to the Pew Research Center."
Rebuttal: USAT has zero factual basis for finding a consensus against the death penalty, when USAT quotes 56% (or 86%) death penalty support and because some judges, some governors, some attorney generals and/or some legislators are blocking executions and/or are, otherwise, prolonging appeals.
Polling: Pew shows 56% support, a majority. But, let's not have our pro death penalty consensus be based upon only those polls which the media wishes us to see.
For example, a 2013 poll by Angus-Reid (AR) found 86% death penalty support, nationally (16). All media outlets decided not to carry that poll, even though AR has an excellent polling record, inclusive of being the most accurate in the 2008 presidential election (16).
AR got the message and stopped doing their annual death penalty poll.
Why was the support so high? Because AR has a "sometimes" support the death penalty answer, exactly the fashion in which we apply the death penalty, rarely and sometimes, making it the most accurate barometer of death penalty support. The other two choices are "always" and "never", making "sometimes" the perfect response, reflecting the US death penalty system.
"similar consensus" - really USAT?
10) USA Today: "Rep. Renny Cushing is an unlikely proponent of abolition. His father and brother-in-law were murdered in separate incidents, 23 years and a thousand miles apart. Still, he says death sentences just divert attention from where it's most needed." "It makes rock stars out of killers. It allows us in many ways to ignore or not tend to the needs of individual victims' survivors."
REBUTTAL: USAT is, completely, clueless to Cushing's hypocrisy . . . or they avoided it.
Neither of the Cushing family murderers were death penalty eligible. His father's murder resulted in the maximum sentence, yet Cushing works against all other victim survivors who want the maximum sentence, the death penalty, in their, actual, death penalty cases.
Cushing is a leader in turning victim against victim and working against the desires of other victim survivors, if they find justice is best served by a death sentence (19).
Why can't Cushing and others, simply, leave the death penalty alone, tell other victim survivors they respect their right to seek the death penalty in their case? Because they value making sure that all murderers live, above the wishes of other murder victim survivors (19).
Wanting all murderers to live, no matter the cost, is a defining anti death penalty characteristic (2).
11) USA TODAY: "A new study by the anti-death penalty group Reprieve Australia showed that prosecutors in Caddo Parish, Louisiana, struck would-be black jurors 46% of the time, compared to 15% for others."
REBUTTAL: As Reprieve is an anti death penalty group, USAT blindly accepted their results, as appears standard or USAT. If blacks in Caddo Parish opposed the death penalty at a rate three times that of other groups, the would-be black juror striking rate would be expected and predictable, as in North Carolina, for example (20).
But we don't know, because that wouldn't matter, as USAT's concern was furthering the anti death penalty message.
Why would USAT look at death penalty support/rejection by race/ethnicity and how that relates to striking rates by race/ethnicity in death penalty cases, when that is the only thing that matters in this context.
USAT wouldn't, of course.
12) USA Today: "Glossip's (innocence) contention has won support from the likes of British business executive Richard Branson, actress Susan Sarandon and TV's "Dr. Phil" McGraw. More than 250,000 online petitions seeking a 60-day reprieve were delivered to Gov. Mary Fallin this month. On Friday, former U.S. senator Tom Coburn and former University of Oklahoma head football coach Barry Switzer added their names."
REBUTTAL: Some media just become like melted butter before celebrities. Just so much oohs and ahhs.
The Glossip case sure is looking a lot like the Troy Davis fiasco (20):
"The Troy Davis campaign, like many before it, is a simple, blatant fraud, easily uncovered by the most basic of fact checking." "The case for Davis' guilt is overwhelming, just as were his due process protections, which may have surpassed that of all but a few death row inmates." (21)
Some media, like USAT, feel it more important to look at the opinons of anti death penalty celebrities, as opposed to reviewing the appellate record and the judicial decisions.
Hey, it's a serious topic!
Is Glossip innocent or guilty? USAT doesn't help, much, only giving us celebrities.
And, somehow, USAT missed this:
"This (Glossip PR) is a bull**** public relations campaign," District Attorney David Prater told reporters, "that's all it is, to abolish the death penalty in this state and throughout the country. Otherwise, they'd be acting like lawyers and be filing paperwork and taking paperwork and evidence to the prosecutor and the governor's office."
"Our position has always been that they need to take any evidence to a court," said Alex Weintz, spokesman for Fallin. "It is not about petition drives and celebrity endorsements."
Heck if its not, ask USAT.
13) USA Today: Murdered Sheriff Sgt. Michael Naylor's widow, Denise Davis didn't wish to go through either death penalty trial or appeals for her husband's murderer.
USAT missed the pro death penalty point, of course.
Only because of the death penalty was a plea, to a sentence of life without parole (LWOP), possible.
Without the death penalty, only a plea to life with parole would have been possible, a plea that would not have been accepted, requiring a LWOP trial, with appeals, if found guilty.
The death penalty, sparing a little anguish and a lot of time and money, by allowing for LWOP pleas - a different perspective than USAT and one that USAT missed?
14) USA Today: "Seven states have repealed the death penalty since 2007. Among the 31 that retain it, governors have imposed a moratorium in four, and most others haven't executed anyone in years. Only seven states carried out executions in the past two years."
REBUTTAL - Important facts: Since 2007, 12 states have ended executions and/or the death penalty.
5 have repealed the death penalty, by law, by a majority Democratic legislature, with a Democratic Governor, signing the repeal. 2 of those 5 (NJ and IL) did so in a lame duck session.
5 states have stopped executions, all by Democratic Governor fiat, inclusive of California, whose governor, attorney general and corrections dept. did nothing for 7 years, about a federal and, later, state court ruling against their lethal injection protocol, when numerous states had solid protocols, approved by federal courts, which Ca could have presented to the federal judge, within hours of the rulings, 7-9 years, ago.
One "conservative" (22) legislature Nebraska, repealed the death penalty, overcoming the Republican governor's veto. A long time Democratic, anti death penalty activist, Sen. Ernie Chambers, who compares US police to ISIS, was the, undisputed, leader on the anti death penalty side, as he has been for decades.
The Nebraska repeal has been stopped by a conservative led pro death penalty referendum campaign and will not be entered into law. A vote is required on the issue in 2016.
That vote occurred on November 8, 2016, which retained the death penalty in Nebraska (61%-39%), as additional death penalty votes in California and Oklahoma strengthened death penalty application.
As all other state death penalty repeals, the majority of the population supported the death penalty, by a wide margin.
Anti death penalty forces did all they could to stop citizens from voting on the issue.
I am unaware of any US popular vote against the death penalty.
A New York state appellate court found their statute to be unconstitutional.
Looks like the Democratic Party is driving this bus - USAT missed it. Or . . .
In all 12 instances, the majority in those states, supported/support the death penalty. Even, the majority populations in Western Europe supported the execution of Saddam Hussein, a "sometimes" example in polling (16).
Sometimes the voice of the people matters. Sometimes not.
15) USA TODAY: "Even in Texas . . . the death penalty is on the ropes. The state sentenced 48 people to death as recently as 1999. So far this year? Not a single one."
REBUTTAL - More detail: Keep in mind that capital murders may have dropped by 80% in Texas from 1991 - 2013, Murders have dropped 57%, rapes 19% and robberies 36% (6), A much lower occurrence of rape/murders and robbery/murders, the dominant death penalty eligible murders, equals a much lower number of death sentences. Murders "rates" have dropped 71%, rapes 47% and robberies 58% (6).
I agree, zero death sentences, so far, in 2015, is remarkable.
Hope capital murders, as all violent crimes, keep dropping.
1) a) The 4.1% "Innocent" on Death Row: More Nonsense
http://prodpinnc.blogspot.com/2015/04/the-41-innocent-on-death-row.html
b) Start with sections 3 & 4
The Innocent Frauds: Standard Anti Death Penalty Strategy
http://prodpinnc.blogspot.com/2013/04/the-innocent-frauds-standard-anti-death.html
2) The Death Penalty: Do Innocents Matter? A Review of All Innocence Issues
3) Judges Responsible For Grossly Uneven Executions
http://prodpinnc.blogspot.com/2013/11/judges-responsible-for-grossly-uneven.html
4) RACE & THE DEATH PENALTY: A REBUTTAL TO THE RACISM CLAIMS
http://prodpinnc.blogspot.com/2012/07/rebuttal-death-penalty-racism-claims.html
5) Capital Punishment, 2013 – Statistical Tables, Bureau of Justice Statistics, Table 11, Number of inmates executed, by race and Hispanic origin, 1977–2013,
http://bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/content/pub/pdf/cp13st.pdf
6) United States Crime Data, from FBI UCR
http://www.disastercenter.com/crime/uscrime.htm
The Disaster Center is a convenient and reliable source for crime data
1957 murder rate of 4.0 from http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0873729.html
7) Capital Punishment, 2013 – Statistical Tables, Bureau of Justice Statistics, TABLE 16 Prisoners sentenced to death and the outcome of the sentence, by year of sentencing, 1973–2013 http://bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/content/pub/pdf/cp13st.pdf
8) Total cases affected 746, so far : state law or court ruling, after 1973, CT, IL, MD, MA, NJ, NM, NY; cases stopping specific case death penalty application, Atkins v Virginia, Roper vs Simmons, Ring vs Arizona and others.
I haven't gotten new case law numbers on Ring, Penry and others, yet.
My informed estimate is that we are looking at a total of a 12% drop in death sentences, based upon new case law reductions and death penalty repeal, alone.
Gregg v Georgia (1976) accounted for about 500 - 600 death penalty reversals (9), from 1973-1978, which are modern era death sentences. I didn't count those.
9) See Virginia and California
Saving Costs with The Death Penalty
http://prodpinnc.blogspot.com/2013/02/death-penalty-cost-saving-money.html
10) Capital Punishment, 2013 – Statistical Tables, Bureau of Justice Statistics, Table 11, Number of inmates executed, by race and Hispanic origin, 1977–2013,
11) Capital Punishment, 2013 – Statistical Tables, Bureau of Justice Statistics, Table 10. Average time between sentencing and execution, 1977–2013, 12/2014,
http://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/cp13st.pdf
12) "James Holmes prosecutor talks about the one holdout juror who spared the killer's life", Maria L. LaGanga, Los Angeles Times, 8/24/2015
13) No "Botched" Execution - Arizona (or Ohio)
http://prodpinnc.blogspot.com/2014/08/no-botched-execution-arizona-or-ohio.html
14) The (Imagined) Horror of Dennis McGuire's Execution
http://prodpinnc.blogspot.com/2014/01/the-imagined-horror-of-dennis-mcguires.html
15) Clayton Lockett: The Case for Execution (Oklahoma)
http://prodpinnc.blogspot.com/2014/08/clayton-lockett-case-for-execution.html
16) 86% Death Penalty Support: Highest Ever - April 2013 World Support Remains High
95% of Murder Victim's Family Members Support Death Penalty
http://prodpinnc.blogspot.com/2013/11/86-death-penalty-support-highest-ever.html
17) The Death Penalty & Medical Ethics Revisited
http://prodpinnc.blogspot.com/2015/09/the-death-penalty-medical-ethics.html
19) Murder Victims' Families Against The Death Penalty: More Hurt For Victims Families
20) For Example: One would expect that blacks would be 3 times as likely to be excused from jury service in North Carolina death penalty cases, as are whites, based solely on the fact that 35% of blacks strongly oppose the death penalty, whites only 11%.
http://www.deathpenaltyinfo.org/documents/11PR.pdf
21) "Troy Davis & The Innocent Frauds of the anti death penalty lobby",
http://prodpinnc.blogspot.com/2011/11/troy-davis-innocent-frauds-of-anti.html
22) On classic liberal lines, many alleged conservatives voted for and voted to override conservative Governors's veto so that Nebraska would increase the gas tax, repeal the death penalty and give driver's licenses to children of illegal immigrants.


text:
Due to legislative, regulatory and market changes, as of August 31, 2021 the mPOWER program is no longer accepting applications for financing.
+ Enlarge
- Reduce
Payoff/Paydown
Contact mPower
The mPOWER program is being administered by the Placer County Treasurer/Tax Collector's office on behalf of Pioneer Community Energy. Their address is below:
2976 Richardson Drive
Pioneer Community Energy
2510 Warren Drive, Suite B
Rocklin CA 95677
Email: mpower@placer.ca.gov
© 2023 mPOWER • Noble Image Web Design
The mPOWER program has funded more than $101 million in energy efficiency and water conservation improvements since its creation in 2010. It served its mission well to save money, conserve energy and create jobs. Unfortunately, recent legislative, regulatory, and market changes have reduced the demand for this type of financing option. Solar and other energy efficiency projects continue to be installed, but other financing options are being used. After serious consideration, the Pioneer Board determined winding down and ending the program was the appropriate next step.
On June 17, 2021 the Pioneer Community Energy Board voted to wind down the mPOWER program.
As of August 31, 2021, the mPOWER program is no longer accepting applications for financing. While the program is closed to new applications, customers will still be able to make payoffs and paydowns, and they will continue to have access to customer service support. Applications received before August 31, 2021, will still be processed.
It has been a honor and pleasure serving all of the mPOWER communities.
mPOWER Team

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Spring, 1992 -
NURSING, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach
The Miami Herald - Miami Beach:
Mount Sinai nurses receive prestigious service award
Amalia Eisenberg, an advanced registered nurse practitioner at Mount Sinai Medical Center, changes bandages for patient, Marlene Tijerino. The nursing staff at the hospital and the Miami Heart Institute are the recent recipients of a national award for excellence in nursing services.
About twenty years or so ago, Mount Sinai Medical Center on Miami Beach was in the business of recruiting young nurses from The Philippines. At that time, I worked in the Human Resources Department with the girl who was responsible for implementing the immigration procedures, which would start their careers at that prestigious institution. One of these young nurses was Amy!
Later on, Amy and I worked together in the University of Miami Department of Neurological Surgery located at Mount Sinai Medical Center. During that time, she was one of the 1992 recipients of the Harris Award for excellence in Nursing at Mount Sinai!
After that, whenever we met in the hospital corridors or spoke on the phone, she would always greet me fondly with sincere warmth and affection. I am very happy for her impressive academic and professional achievements, which are indeed only overshadowed by her simple charm, warmth, and personal charisma.
Congratulations, Amy! Best wishes always! Thanks for the good memories!


The Santa Maria passenger ship sets out on her maiden voyage in 1928.
Laurie Bell left Haverton Hill School at the age of 14. He went to the market at the Furness Shipyard, which was a gathering place for men seeking employment.
On being chosen by the foreman he was given the job of Box Boy, which involved making sure all joiners and other craftsmen were kept supplied with nails and screws.
During his 18 months at the Furness yard, Mr Bell worked on the Santa Maria passenger ship. Here the Santa Maria is pictured (above) setting out on her maiden voyage in 1928. The picture was kindly sent in by Mr B Wilson, on behalf of Mr Bell.
Going to Oxbridge : Peter Dobson's family, in 1950, moved to Fairfield and Peter attended the Oxbridge Lane Boys' School.
He has kindly loaned this picture (above). Pictured fifth left, back row, is John Willis, ninth from left is Gordon Mackenzie. On the second row, from left, are John Drydon, Ivor Kitchen, Maurice Burns and fourth right, Peter Dobson.
Only David Simpson in the front row, first left is identified. The teacher was Mr Brown.
Club trip: Members of the Middlesbrough-based Samuelsons Club - Sammys - pictured (above) on a day trip taken during the late 1940s.
They include steward Albert Layton, Walter Fowler, Stan Walker, George Fowler, Cyril Wrenn, Cyril Porter, Harry Greenfield, 'Bimmer' Thompson, Frank Morton, Joe Williams, and Johnny Bolland.


There are less common signs associated with inguinal hernias, but they will nonetheless happen. You could experience: If anyone reading this may relate to this story or have any other well being issues for which they want a simple solution then feel free to contact me on the links provided under. * Agility So what are you at present waiting for? Give up weight-reduction plan and start residing! Let P90X enable you attain your objective and allow you to maintain one of the best mannequin of your life. P90X is here to stay and change the planet a person at a period.
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Breakfast is vital not just with regard to adults nonetheless for children as well. You are able to serve them breakfast that is filled with dietary fiber, and lots of most probably, you are going to get this by way of vegetables plus wholegrain breads. Cereals in addition to low-fats cheese and skimmed milk are also good selections for breakfast. You may also provide them with the recent fruit as a substitute of canned fruit juices to get the vast majority of vitamins from it and less the actual synthetic coloring.
In such a case where the daddy and the mother of a kid each are working and it is a nuclear family then crucial point which comes into existence is that who will care for the kid. Nobody can sacrifice with their jobs additionally due to the stringent policies made by the organizations that they're working into. The versatile working for parents is without doubt one of the great problems which a lot of the families nowadays is dealing with.


text:
Andrew Harrison
Manchester Airport sees yet more passenger growth
Manchester Airport notched its 12th consecutive month of passenger growth in March, driven by a strong performance on scheduled international routes.
A total of 1.36m travellers passed through the terminals, up from 1.2m in March 2011, a rise of 13.28 per cent.
Its performance was boosted by a 20 per cent rise in passengers on scheduled international services, from 759,000 to more than 912,000. Among the highlights was an increase in frequency on Turkish Airlines services to Istanbul.
The airport also registered growth on domestic and charter flights.
Andrew Harrison, chief operating officer at Manchester Airport, said airlines were continuing to invest in new routes, increased frequencies and extra capacity, leading to Manchester becoming the third largest UK airport in terms of passenger numbers.
"March's figures take us to 12 months of continued passenger growth and we've worked hard alongside the airlines to give passengers the routes that they want.
"We'll keep working with our airlines to provide more routes and continue the successful performance for Manchester," he added.


setting projects that,if they prove successful,are then scaled up,normally at city-level.
auspices of the Maharashtran Slum Rehabilitation Act are considered.
forms of funding are analysed,as are options for new forms of financing.
knowledge creation process that it has developed within low income,informal settlements.
infrastructure and housing loans from state and commercial financial institutions.


Great for Bulgarian split squat / lunge stretching etc.
Perfect device for Bulgarian squats!
This heavy duty device is fully adjustable for height allow you to perform exercises such as rear foot elevated split squats / Bulgarian squats etc. in a measurable and progressive way.
The roller pad is 500 mm long giving plenty of room and the base is completely stable.
Quick and easy to break down into 3 flat parts for storage when not in use.
Essential for any serious gym.


Everything else is up for grabs. This is a rust free FL body, but the interior is like over fried chicken.
Last Edit: 03 Sep 2018 21:52 by Fronkenstein.
Is this a 5-speed or AT?
Any of the black interior (rear quarter trim) any good? looking to change over my 79' to black. Drop me a line if there is anything good and pricing.
I am looking for a glove box door, if it's even remotely usable.


text:
Drop dead dehydration
Drinking the proper amount of water can prevent serious health scares
photo by Sam Bates
Senior Sam Bates stays hydrated as she drinks water in her car. It's important for all students to stay hydrated throughout the day.
Emily Cosio, Staff Reporter
For senior Sam Bates, water polo practice may have began with sprints, but it ended in agony. As she was swimming during her practice, a wincing pain was coming from lower leg, continuing to trot through the water became a struggle as Bates used the last of her energy to get out of the pool.
Throughout a person's life, they are always told to drink eight full cups a day of water. Although it's something seemingly everybody knows, dehydration can be life-threatening. The importance of drinking water becomes even more critical when a person has an active lifestyle, especially when it comes to living in Florida.
"Through all of band camp everyone felt dehydrated because we were outside for really long periods of time," sophomore Hannah VanHoozier said. "Some people had headaches and shortness of breath and it felt like we had no energy."
The recommended amount of water a person should drink is half their weight in ounces. For example, if someone weighs 120 pounds, they should drink 60 ounces of water. It may sound difficult, but small adjustments to a person's lifestyle can help them accomplish their goal. Keeping track of cups and ounces of water can be confusing, but there are many apps that record the amount of water consumed such as Daily Water Free and Carbodroid. Another way is to set timers as a reminder to drink water throughout the day.
Carrying a bottle to school, work and practice will allow a person to drink water no matter where they are. Water can also be consumed by eating water-dense foods like watermelon, cucumbers and celery. Doing small things can help to prevent serious consequences.
Athletes use more energy since they are constantly moving and therefore perspire more heavily to keep their body cool. Coaches of various teams have seen multiple cases where students couldn't play in practice or in a game. Some extreme cases have occurred when athletes have fainted.
"Players have cramped up and had to come out of games for extended periods of time," basketball coach Josh Kohn said. "Keep in my mind that we are in Florida where temperatures are in the 80s and 90s and you will lose even more fluids in this environment."
The idea of drinking enough water is simple enough; however, over half of teenagers do not get the amount of water that they need, according to American Journal of Public Health.
Teacher Jose Vasquez, who runs the JROTC program, has personally experienced cases where students don't get the right amount of water.
"I have seen many instances when the students weren't hydrated inside the classroom or during practice after school and the consequences were very bad, like passing-out and throwing-up," Vasquez said. "Sometimes, they even end up in the emergency room."
Dangers associated with not drinking enough water can be more extreme than just having a headache. A person can become weak, dizzy, confused, have palpitations and even faint. These symptoms can occur faster and harsher when a person is involved in sports.
"At Hagerty we all highly encourage hydration 150 percent every second to prevent potential accidents," Vasquez said.
Drinking water prevents negative effects, but it also comes with it's own benefits. A person who drinks lots of water performs better, loses more weight, and is less cranky. Being dehydrated can negatively affect a person's mood, so if they drink more water they will be happier and think clearer. Also, drinking a cup of water before a meal can act as an appetite suppressant.
"I try to make sure I drink two water bottles a day so I don't get dehydrated again," Bates said.


text:
London Boat Show
Find sources: "London Boat Show" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (September 2011) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
The London Boat Show was latterly held in January at the ExCeL Exhibition Centre, after many years at the Earls Court Exhibition Centre in London. It was organised by British Marine. The show's cancellation from 2019 was announced in May 2018, with organisers citing the show as commercially unviable for the industry in its current format.[1]
The first London Boat Show was held at Olympia, before moving to the Earls Court Exhibition Centre in 1957. A popular feature of the show during its time at Earls Court was the use of the venue's pool area to host floating boats for visitors' inspection. It had expanded for some years into Chelsea Harbour before being moved to ExCeL in 2004.[2] The inclusion of smaller craft such as dinghies, kayaks, canoes and stand-up paddleboards, as well as popular watersports such as wakeboarding, led to the inclusion of the Watersports Action Pool, where visitors could watch the craft indoors.
The show was usually ten days long, but in 2018 was reduced to five days.[3]
SponsorshipEdit
In November 2014 it was announced that CWM FX had become the title sponsor for the London Boat Show. Since 2015 the show would be known as the CWM FX London Boat Show.[4][5] CWM FX was closed in March 2015 after allegedly operating a Ponzi scheme[citation needed].
AttendanceEdit
Here are the attendances of recent years of the Show.
2002 154,211 ABC audited
2003 145,845 ABC audited Last year at Earl's Court
2004 213,801 ABC audited First year at ExCeL
2006 140,000 [2] (unaudited)
2007 130,000 National Boat Shows press release, 14 January 2007 (unaudited)
2013 93,327 National Boat Shows figures, reported in Motor Boat & Yachting,
2014 88,593 National Boat Shows figures, reported in Motor Boat & Yachting
UK Waterways
^ Motor Boat & Yachting http://www.mby.com/news/london-boat-show-cancelled-91800. Retrieved 16 May 2018. Missing or empty |title= (help)
^ Link text Archived 28 May 2012 at the Wayback Machine
^ http://www.sail-world.com/UK/London-Boat-Show---CWM-FX-signs-as-title-sponsor/129184
^ http://www.boatingbusiness.com/news101/industry-news/cwm-fx-signs-as-lbs-title-sponsor
Website of the British Marine Federation
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=London_Boat_Show&oldid=888972282"


text:
Les deux manches du Slalom Géant hommes des Championnats du monde de ski alpin 2019 ont lieu le . Quatre ans près son unique victoire en Coupe du monde dans la discipline, Henrik Kristoffersen remporte le premier titre mondial de sa carrière. Il doit son succès à sa meilleure maîtrise du deuxième tracé, par rapport à Marcel Hirscher et Alexis Pinturault qui l'avaient devancé en première manche et qui finissent respectivement en argent et en bronze.  La plus belle remontée de cette course est celle de Marco Schwarz,  temps de la première manche, et qui se montre le plus rapide sur le second tracé pour décrocher la  place finale.

Résultats

La première manche s'est déroulée à partir de 14 h 15, la deuxième à partir du  temps, a démarré à 17 h 45.

Références

Championnats du monde de ski alpin 2019

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Covid-19 forces Knock shrine to close on Feast of Assumption
The Marian shrine at Knock has announced that in addition to postponing the popular Knock Novena and pilgrimage because of the Covid-19 pandemic, the shrine and its church would be closed for the 15th August feast of the Assumption of Mary to ensure pilgrims do not arrive anyway. 'Fr Richard Gibbons, rector at Knock, has appealed... Read More
Assumption, closed, COVID-19, feast, Fr Gibbons, Fr Richard Gibbons, Ireland, knock, Knock Shrine, Novena, pandemic
Assumption feast invites people to look to heaven with hope, pope says
Mary's assumption into heaven calls people to put aside all those insignificant, mundane and petty concerns competing for their attention and instead be drawn to God and his greatness, Pope Francis said. After reciting the Angelus prayer today, on the feast of the Assumption, Pope Francis also blessed thousands of rosaries that will be given... Read More
Catholic Times, News – Vatican
Aid to the Church in Need, Angelus, Assumption, feast, feast of the Assumption, heaven, hope, Middle East, Pope, Pope Francis, rosaries, Syria, war
Pope prays for exploited women on feast of Assumption
Celebrating the feast of the Assumption just three days after visiting a group of young women rescued from the sex trade, Pope Francis prayed for all exploited women and girls. "The Lord bows down to the lowly in order to raise them up as is proclaimed in the Magnificat," Mary's hymn of praise to God,... Read More
Assumption, exploited, Mary, Pope, Pope Francis, women


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text:
Tariq Aziz should not be executed
27 Oct 2010, 12:00am
Amnesty International today called on the Iraqi authorities not to execute former Iraqi Foreign Minister Tariq Aziz and two other former officials sentenced to death by a Baghdad court.
Tariq Aziz, Sadoun Shakir, a former Interior Minister under Saddam Hussain, and Abed Hamoud, the executed former dictator's private secretary, were convicted by the Supreme Iraqi Criminal Tribunal (SICT) of participating in the killings of opposition activists. All three denied the accusations.
Amnesty International Middle East and North Africa Director Malcolm Smart said:
"Saddam Hussain's rule was synonymous with executions, torture and other gross human rights violations, and it is right that those who committed crimes are brought to justice.
"However, it is vital that the death penalty, which is the ultimate denial of human rights, should never be used, whatever the gravity of the crime.
"It is also high time the Iraqi government turned the page on this grim cycle and one step towards this would be to end all executions and commute the sentences of all those on death row, believed to number several hundred."
Tariq Aziz has been imprisoned since soon after the US-led invasion of Iraq in 2003. He is elderly and reported to be in poor health. He was sentenced to a 15-year prison term by the SICT in 2009 for his alleged involvement in the executions of 42 merchants in 1992.
Amnesty has repeatedly expressed concern about SICT trials conducted before the SICT, which has a mandate to prosecute those accused of crimes committed under Saddam Hussain and whose independence as a court of law has been put into question by repeated political interference.
Malcolm Smart added:
"Internationally recognised fair trial standards are essential and political pressures must not be allowed to influence the proceedings on any charges, but particularly those that may result in the death penalty."
If the death sentences against the three, including Tariq Aziz, are upheld by the tribunal's Appeals Chamber, they could be executed within 30 days.
The death penalty in Iraq was suspended after the US-led invasion in 2003 but restored in August 2004. Since then, hundreds of people have been sentenced to death and many have been executed.


text:
Economy / Economic Development, Inequality
Income Inequality in Physical Space: Exiling the Poor to the Back Door
John Brothers
August 10, 2014; Los Angeles Times
A couple of weeks ago, social media was abuzz with the story of a New York City luxury apartment building that obtained approval to build a separate entrance for low-income residents. The property, planned by Extell Development, will have "219 units, including 55 affordable units overlooking the street. Those renting and buying the apartments at the market-rate will have waterfront views." One might ask, "Why would Extell Development want to have any low-income residents at all," considering they are going to go through the labor of creating a service entrance for them. As outlined in an article in Newsweek, it was "as part of a program Inclusionary Housing Program application, under which developers can build larger projects if they also provide low-income housing, either on- or off-site."
The problem is not reserved for the expensive real estate of Manhattan. The community of West Hollywood saw some strife this week as a number of residents expressed outrage at the idea that low-income tenants of a new building would not have access to all of the building's amenities and would have a separate entrance. According to the Los Angeles Times, developers are seeking permission to build a mixed-income housing unit: "Lower-income residents would be denied access to a pool that can be viewed from their apartments. The developers also planned to build a separate entrance for the affordable housing area."
The practice, called "poor doors" by social critics, also has seen notoriety in London, where a number of buildings have already started the practice. In an in-depth expose by the Guardian, real estate agents and buyers talked about the practice of selling a mixed-use facility to wealthy inquirers. According to the report, an agent named Tracey Kellett, whose job entails looking for homes for her wealthy clients, stated a "number of developments have separate entrances 'so the two social strata don't have to meet.'" Kellett outlined the stark differences between the lobbies for the wealthy and their poor counterparts; the low-income entrance "has vile colored plastic panels on the outside rather than blingy glass." Another location discovered by the Guardian discovered wealthy owners accessed their apartments "via a hotel-style lobby area, while social housing tenants enter through a side door in an adjacent alley alongside trade entrances."
In New York City and West Hollywood, several leaders vowed to not follow the same path as seen in London. New York City Mayor Bill de Blasio, through his spokesman, stated, "We fundamentally disagree with that approach, and we are in the process of changing it to reflect our values and priorities. We want to make sure future affordable housing projects treat all families equitably." In West Hollywood, the local planning commission voted against the project and the commission's recommendation will now go to the City Council, to be voted on at a later date.—John Brothers
John Brothers is the president of the T. Rowe Price Foundation.
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text:
layout: post
title: Reviewing EECE 450 and EECE 443
excerpt: "Some thoughts on EECE 450 and EECE 443 classes at UBC"
categories: articles
tags: [eece 443,eece 450,ubc,review]
comments: true
share: true
---

I just finished yesterday with my second last term of my undergraduate program at UBC! This term I took a few required engineering classes but mostly worked towards getting the elective requirements completed. In this blog post, I'm reviewing the two engineering classes I took.

### EECE 450 Economic Analysis of Engineering Projects

**Professor**: [Steven Minns](http://www.sauder.ubc.ca/Programs/Master_of_Management/Program_Overview/Modules/~/media/Files/Early%20Career%20Masters/Instructor%20Bios/Steven%20Minns%20bio%2021%20June%202012.ashx)
**Term**: Fall 2014
**Textbook**: *Engineering Economic Analysis: Third Canadian Edition*; Donald G. Newnan, John Whittaker, Ted G. Eschenbach, Jerome P. Lavelle; Oxford University Press, 2010. *Optional*.
**Website**: Course folder on Connect. No other website or external forum usage.

This is a required class in the Engineering Program. Involving topics like interest, cash flows, present worth analysis, depreciation, taxes and inflation. Minimal math skills involved in this class.

This course had only the lecture component with no attendance taken. We had 4 assignments, with the best 3 accounting for 10% of the total grade. These assignments were usually 10-12 questions from the textbook. The professor usually handed out a scanned copy of the textbook questions for students who didn't own a copy. There was also a midterm worth 20%, a simulation (explained below) worth 20% and the final worth 50%. The mid term and the final exam were similar in format with questions where you're given a cash flow or a description of few alternatives and you have to use the numerical methods of analysis learnt in class to choose the better alternatives or make recommendations.

The simulation component was the Back Bay Battery strategic innovation simulation developed by Harvard Business School. In groups of 3, we had to play the part of management team of a nickel metal hydride battery manufacturer and determine R&D investments over the course of 8 simulated years. For all of these simulated years, we also had to estimate sales, variable costs and price reductions. This was my favourite part of this class! The simulation was really fun and during the practice rounds (unlimited tries) we were able to test out various strategies. The prof also offered a bonus of 5% for the team who earned the most profit in the simulation.

**Full disclaimer** I went to maybe 3-4 lectures this term for this class as it was way too early in the morning. However in the classes I did attend, the prof was very clear in his explanations and usually follows up every concept with working out a few examples in class.

### EECE 443 Software Project Management

**Professor**: [Philippe Kruchten](http://www.ece.ubc.ca/faculty/philippe-kruchten)
**Term**: Fall 2014
**Textbook**: *Software Project Management: Fifth Edition*; Bob Hughes & Mike Cotterall; McGraw-Hill, 2008. *Optional*.
**Website**: Lecture slides, assignments, resources on Piazza. Assignments submitted on Connect.

This is a required class in the Software Engineering program. Involving topics like cost estimating using models like Use Case Points, Function Points and COCOMO, risk analysis, configuration management, Agile/Waterfall, people management, ethics, etc. Most of these topics were very high level and easy to understand.

The class has a tutorial component along with the lectures but they were optional. Attendance isn't taken in either. We had 8 assignments worth 40% of the grade. Most of the assignments were open ended and took up about 2-3 hours per week. For ex. one of the first assignments was making a risk table for a holiday vacation with some friends. The longest assigment was one where we had to make a Software Development Plan for an Investment Club application. The midterm was 15% and the final was 45%. Exams were open book and straighforward enough with multiple choice questions and short answers.

Kruchten is an engaging professor with lots of experience in the field. In fact, he was the Director of Process Development at Rational Software [wikipedia link](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippe_Kruchten). His slides can be somewhat confusing but during lectures he makes sure to give tons of examples and/or stories from when he was developing software.

I will review the other classes I took this term in the next blog post!

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


The cover photo features our portrait of Josef Steinbach (1879-1937) of Austria, one of the strongest professional weightlifters in the world in the early era in the Iron Game history. Steinbach won several major weightlifting tournaments in the 1900s and was definitely one of the most memorable characters of the time.
Josef Steinbach was born in a farmer's family in Bohemia (now Horsow, Czech Republic) in 1879. At 15, he moved to Vienna where he began to strength training and worked as a waiter. In 1902, Josef won his 1st Austro-Hungarian championship title.
In April 1904, 25-year old Josef Steinbach won his first gold at the World Championships in Vienna. Steinbach competed in the times when there was no established weightlifting federation, no established rules of the sport and the lifts included into the championships varied from tournament to tournament. In 1905, there were 3 (!) weightlifting world championships and Josef Steinbach won 2 of them.
In 1906, Josef Steinbach competed for Austria at the Olympic Interludes in Athens, Greece, Greece. Steinbach participated in the two-arm and one-arm weightlifting and in the tug-of-war program. As a part of Team Austria, he won the 4th place in the tug-of-war competition. He won a silver medal in the two-arm weightlifting tournament where he was defeated by a home crowd favorite Dimitrios Tofalos of Greece. Steinbach cj'd 136.5kg and Tofalos – 142.4kg. In a one-armed lifting, however, he managed to win the gold after pressing 76.6kg.
After the 1906 Olympic Interludes, Josef Steinbach turned professional wrestler and exhibition weightlifter. He competed in various invitational shows and tournaments. In 1910, he challenged Arthur Saxon of Germany to compete for the crown of the professional world champion but Saxon turned the challenge down.
In his career, Steinbach set 35 world records. After his retirement, he ran a hotel inn in Vienna and died in 1937.
His son Leopold "Poldi" Steinbach (1904-1944) was Austria's first European boxing champion.


text:
By Sherry Hagerman-Benton
Remember When?
40 YEARS AGO • JANUARY 11, 1979
TROUT CREEK PUPILS
ENJOY NEW SCHOOL
Several boxes of tile are still piled in a corner of the basement lunchroom, workmen's tools are still located temporarily in one classroom, but while some work remains, students and faculty of the Trout Creek Elementary School moved into their new building last week and they're happy to be there.
Steve Hendrick, head teacher at Trout Creek, says even the inconveniences being experienced because the new building is not entirely finished, beat the conditions under which classes were held the first half of this year, in the open gymnasium.
The new building includes six classrooms and a lunchroom in the basement multi-purpose room. The new structure is attached to the district's old classroom building, which has been turned into its library and also provides one remodeled classroom. The school will continue to use its old gym, but a surplus building formerly used for classes and a lunchroom has been sold and will be moved off the campus.
The school construction was financed with a bond issue of $375,000.
The building is of frame construction with sheet vinyl floors. Electric heat is used.
The school has about 80 students. Faculty and staff members are: Hendrick, eighth grade teacher; Robert Thomas, seventh; Lois Caauwe, fifth and sixth grades; Hildur Krause, third and fourth; Sandy Stedman, first and second; Audrey Flockerzi, head cook, Mary Rogers, assistant cook; Brent Prophet, janitor, Marlene Nelson, district clerk and part-time librarian.
Mark Matthews is chairman of the board of trustees. Board members are Dan Loughery and Bruce Linderman.
The move into the building was made over the New Years Holiday with the first day of classes Jan. 2. The first hot lunch prepared in the new lunchroom was Thursday.
"They really make good food," was the accolade handed the two cooks by Hendrick.
And it's evident from the smiles on student faces and staff members that they take pride in their new educational facilities.
Trout Creek's last major building project occurred about 25 years ago when the building now being used as the school library and a classroom was erected. The building was completed just in advance of the start of construction of the Noxon Rapids Dam.
ALLEN UNOFFICIAL JAPAN CHAMPION
The next time you see Shawn "The Hulk" Allen greet him with the word, "Ohio." That's Japanese for "hello."
The "Ohio" greeting is appropriate for Allen; for he's now the uncrowned heavyweight champion of Japan. At least he beat the All-Japan high school champ, Atsushi Sahai, in a freestyle wrestling match at Kalispell Tuesday night of last week.
Shawn was one of only four American wrestlers to win against wrestlers from Japan and his victory came after he had points taken away from him twice because of different rules under which freestyle wrestling is performed.
The night before, the Japanese wrestlers won all but one match at Arlee.
In the eight dual matches they competed in while in Montana, they went undefeated.
Shawn didn't let his victory go unnoticed. The next day he commented to his coach, Rich De Witt, that he wondered why he had to continue to practice, since he now was an international champion.
WINGS AND WHEELS
Red ant visits Thompson Falls
T. Falls resident honors K-9 unit
Comments sought on sol...Annie Wooden
Piranhas compete in Co...Ed Moreth
Bull trout finds its w...Callie Jacobson
Dozens take advantage...Ed Moreth
Archers Smith and Bier...John Hamilton


text:
Walking on sunshine: scoping review of the evidence for walking and mental health
Br J Sports Med. 2018 Jun;52(12):800-806. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2017-098827.
Paul Kelly 1 , Chloë Williamson 1 , Ailsa G Niven 1 , Ruth Hunter 2 , Nanette Mutrie 1 , Justin Richards 3
1 Physical Activity for Health Research Centre, Institute for Sport, Physical Education and Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
2 Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.
3 Charles Perkins Centre & School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2017-098827
Background/objectives: Walking has well-established positive relationships with, and effects on, physical health. In contrast, while poor mental health contributes substantially to global health burden, an overview of the benefits from walking has not previously been published. We aimed to scope the literature and present what is known, and highlight what is not known, about walking and mental health.
Methods: Design: Scoping review.
Data sources: Ovid (Medline), ProQuest, Web of Science.Screening and reporting: 13 014 records were identified and screened by a team of researchers. Included full texts were analysed and reported according to mental health outcome.
Results: For the 8 mental health outcomes (identified a priori), there were a total of 5 systematic reviews and 50 individual papers included. Depression had the most evidence and existing systematic reviews were reported. Evidence for anxiety, psychological stress, psychological well-being, subjective well-being and social isolation and loneliness varied in volume and effectiveness, but no harmful effects were identified. There were no studies for walking and resilience. The setting and context of walking seems to be important variables.
Conclusion: The evidence base that suggests walking benefits mental health is growing, but remains fragmented and incomplete for some important outcomes. Policy and national guidelines should promote the known mental health benefits of increased walking and future research should directly address the gaps we have identified.
Keywords: health; mental; physical activity; psychology; walking.
© Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2018. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted.
Anxiety / epidemiology
Depression / epidemiology
Health Behavior*
Mental Health*
Resilience, Psychological
Stress, Psychological / epidemiology
Walking*


text:
Dave Whims
Dave Whims was head coach at Walnut Ridge Academy, Bedford, North Kossuth, and Ankeny from 1978-2014. During the 34 years of coaching, Dave compiled a 982-158-7 record. Dave led teams to the state tournament 21 times. He won four state championships while at Ankeny. He finished runner-up four times, three with Ankeny and once with North Kossuth. Dave was name Iowa State Volleyball Coach of the Year four times. He was National Volleyball Coach of the year finalist in 2014 and was selected to the National High School Coaches Hall of Fame in 2014. Dave served on the All-Star Committee from 1998-2014 and the All-State Committee from 1998-2014. Dave currently serves on the selection board for the Iowa Girls Volleyball Player Hall of Fame. Dave was also presenter at the Iowa Girls Coaches Association Volleyball Clinics. Dave assisted in the AAU Youth Volleyball Program at both Ankeny and North Kossuth. Dave is retired from teaching Physical Education and lives in Ankeny. He has been married to his wife Darlene for 44 years. They have four daughters, Jodi, Amanda, Elizabeth, and Anna.
Larry Weede
Larry grew up in Bloomfield, Iowa and graduated from Davis County in 1968. While in high school, Larry earned nine varsity letters in football, basketball, track, and baseball. Larry graduated from Northeast Missouri State with a degree in Business Education. Larry first job was at Cherokee Middle School teaching typing and English. After earning his Masters Degree, Larry became an administrator for the Cherokee School District in 1978. He held that position for 37 years. Larry officiated many sports including football, basketball, track, baseball, and softball. He started officiating volleyball in 1977. He began with single contracts since he didn't have a partner. He found a partner soon after, and they have been together since. Larry has officiated the state tournament 11 times. He worked when the tournament was held in Ankeny, SE Polk, and Cedar Rapids. His last state tournament was in 2006. Larry is retired and currently lives in Cherokee. He has been married to his wife, Diana, for 46 years. They have four children, Robin, Steven, Brennan, and Ashley.
Mark Massey
Mark Massey (Mass) was head coach at Clinton High School for 38 years. He started in 1978 and retired in 2015. During his tenure, Mark compiled an 818-373-68 record. Mark led Clinton to the State Tournament four times. He finished runner-up in 1982 and 1994. In 1994, he was named Class 3A State Coach of the Year. Mass led Clinton to five Mississippi Athletic Conference volleyball championships. In 1983, 1992, and 1999 Mass coached the Senior All-Stars. Mass served on the Senior All-Star Committee from 1989-1996. He served on the All-State Committee from 1992-98, the State Rankings Co-Chair from 1986-90, and the All-Tournament Selection Team at the State Tournament from 1992-94. Mass was on the American Volleyball Coaches Association High School Committee from 1982-87. Mass was inducted into the Clinton High School Hall of Fame in 2016. Mass is retired from teaching and still lives in Clinton. Mass lost his wife, Kathy, to breast cancer in 2015. He has a son, Evan, and a daughter, Sarah.


January 10, 2014 by Laurie 27 Comments This post may contain affiliate links, which means if you click on a link and purchase something, I may earn a small commission (at no additional cost to you.) See my disclosure policy HERE.
I've been putting off updating my kids bathroom now for a mere eight years (I know ~ crazy!) because I just didn't know what to do with it. Because my three kids (two girls and a boy) share the bathroom, deciding on a "theme" has been difficult, so I just let it go (yucky builder paint and all) for entirely too long.
Finally though I decided to just use the paint that I already had on hand (it's the paint that's in the main areas of our home), and see what we could do with it. I took my kids to TJMaxx (note that I did not go to Target where they would inevitably fight over princess, camo colors, or zebra prints), and let them pick out the shower curtain.
soooo much better, and even my son loves it!
Here's a tip that a friend gave me last week for painting the bathrooms.
In a perfect world, one would remove the toilet tank from the toilet prior to painting, however my husband wasn't home when I started painting and I'm not the kind of girl who likes to wait around when the mood for painting comes around. (When you get the urge to paint, you gotta go fast or it'll be gone before you know it!) 😉 Soooo, cover your tank with plastic wrap while you paint, get as much as you can behind it, and when the paint's dry just remove the wrap. Smart!
An even smarter momma would remove the lid of the tank to give herself a little more room, ummm, but that didn't happen here . . .
This post is linked up to Thrifty Thursday at Living Well Spending Less and Follow our Thrift at Coupon Closet. Thanks for the opportunity to link up!
I love it… looks great…!!! Love the color..!! Great job, ty for the tip with the saran wrap.
Love the tip with the saran wrap!!!! Getting ready to paint my throne room and that will definitely come in handy! Thank you!
A trash bag also works.
I thought you had to have a special kind of paint for Bathrooms and Kitchens.
What was the name of the paint color used in this room?
Can use any type of paint finish for kitchen and baths some prefer a satin or semi gloss so it can be wiped down better but with today's paints as long as you get a good paint and have a good fan in the bath go with the look that you like for a finish.
That price doesn't include the paint.
You're right Stephanie – we had leftover paint from the rest of our house and it's such a small room that it didn't take much paint. Hope that makes sense!
Another tip for painting behind tank is to hot glue a painting pad to a stir stick (they ones they usually just give you when you buy the paint). Great for reaching those tight spaces while getting a good amount of coverage!
I was wondering how to get the paint back behind the toilet. Thanks for the tip!
Usually just want to use a semi-gloss or gloss paint, nothing special.
I just saw that on pinterest and thought it was totally genius!
Do you have the exact same before / after picture?
what did u do with the vanity, mirror, and light fixture?
is the after the paint, shower curtain, towels, and trashcan only?
I didn't do anything with the mirror, vanity or light fixture – just painted and added some minimal decor. Even when there's not much money to do tons of work, a little bit can help!
I'm so so happy that you shared this because your bathroom vanity area looks very much like mine and I want to spruce it all up a bit too. Though, hubster bought one of those glass cutter tools and is determined to cut down the mirror a little so that we can frame it (a little fancier without too much cost). I'm TERRIFIED of letting him try it! I fear that a project that should only cost about $20 will end up costing an additional $50 to replace the mirror!!! lol. But if he can pull it off, we'll have a BEAUTIFUL trimmed out mirror for not much more than $20 over your project cost listed above. AWESOME!!!
BTW, I'm still utterly amazed at how much difference a simple coat of paint makes to a room!!
I didn't cut my mirror, but I framed it on top of the mirror, if that makes sense. I just used the mirror I had and put the trim on it using liquid nails. I kept it up with painter's tape 24 hours, and it has done great. Looks just like I wanted it to.
Love it … I just re-did mine and have a simular mirror … we took trim and painted it white … and kinda framed them mirror … love it !
That's cheaper and probably easier than plastic wrap. So smart! Thanks!
What is the paint color called? I love that color!