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Types of Trumpets: Keys, Size, History, and Performance Practice
When you think about it, telling someone that you "play the trumpet" is kind of like saying that you "play the keyboard." The statement could mean a number of things. A "keyboardist," for instance, includes musicians who play the piano, the organ, the synthesizer, the celeste, or something else, and many play all of the above. Welcome to the life of a trumpet player.
You've probably heard of the B Flat trumpet, the C trumpet, and the piccolo trumpet. But what do you know about the natural trumpet, and did you know that some trumpets used to have slides?
In this post we will explore the different kinds of trumpets, where they came from, and the performance practice traditions of each. Enjoy!
Trumpets Without Valves
Different types of trumpets have been around for a long time, and by a long time, we mean over 3,000 years. They haven't always been as musical as they are now though: ancient trumpets were used as hunting horns, war calls, and signals for the arrival of royalty. Some scholars believe that trumpets were even used by the Egyptians in 1500 BC.
In all likelihood, the trumpet wasn't used musically (at least in our sense of the word) until the Renaissance, but the most basic purpose of the instrument—making a brassy sound—has existed for millennia.
Types of Trumpets: The Natural Trumpet
Once upon a time, in a galaxy far, far away, trumpets had no valves. If you practice natural slurs in your daily routine—and you should—then you already know what playing a natural trumpet is like. This was the way musicians played the trumpet during the Baroque era—entirely with lip flexibility.
The lack of valves meant that composers only wrote notes that were already in the harmonic series for trumpet players. In other words, trumpeters only had to play the notes that you can now play in an open position without depressing any valves. Unfortunately for our predecessors on the trumpet, composers therefore wrote trumpet parts much higher, since more overtones are available in the higher registers.
According to scholar Arnold Fromme, baroque trumpets were often made in the key of D, the most versatile key for trumpet playing at the time. Baroque D trumpets were also rather large; at eight feet in length (if the tubing were to be all straightened out, of course), they double the length of the modern B♭ trumpet.
The Slide Trumpet
Modern reconstruction of a fifteenth-century slide trumpet, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide Trumpets came into being during the Renaissance period—most likely during the mid-15th century—and they were a bit more cumbersome than you might imagine. It didn't initially have the modern sliding appendage that you find on trombones; rather, the player essentially held the mouthpiece in place while moving the body of the instrument back and forth.
Designers did improve upon that original design though. Surprisingly enough, the slide trumpet remained popular in England until at least the mid-19th century, thanks to its use by the well-known trumpeter Thomas Harper and his son. You may also find it interesting that the well-known instrument maker Adolphe Sax crafted a slide trumpet after the English fashion around 1850—unfortunately for him, French players (he was based in Paris) preferred to use more modern trumpets with pistons.
Trumpets With Valves
Now that we've given an honorable mention to a couple of our ancestors, let's move on to some trumpets that use valves. Believe it or not, valve trumpets weren't even established until the 1820s, when Josef Kail, the trumpet and trombone professor at the Prague Conservatory, acted as a champion for valve trumpets.
Worth mentioning is the fact that Kail, according to Oxford Music Online, helped develop valve trumpets in the early 1820s and 30s. Whether or not he had selfish motives is irrelevant at this
point; Kail put his money where his mouth was by commissioning the first pieces for valve trumpet, and the rest, as they say, is history.
Two main schools of valves exist today among the various types of trumpets: rotary valves and piston valves. Rotary valves (flat valves with a shape resembling a teardrop) are more available in
Germany and Austria, while piston valves are more common elsewhere. Piston valves are the stem-like valves with a button-like cap on top.The three valve system had a big flaw, though—as players used more valves in combination, the pitch went continuously sharp. All you have to do is play a C# with the 1-2-3 combination and you'll remember how hard it can be to keep certain valve combinations in tune. Compensating systems, which first appeared in the 1850s, added tubing length with certain valve combinations (often adding more valves), and such systems continue to be important to low brass instruments today.
Trumpet players, on the other hand, compensate by utilizing finger rings on the slides to quickly and efficiently manipulate the slides on troublesome notes, thereby keeping the pitches in tune.
Types of Trumpets: The B♭ Trumpet
On to one of the types of trumpets that modern instrumentalists actually play—the B♭ trumpet.
The B♭ trumpet's tubing is the largest of the commonly used trumpets; stretched out, it reaches slightly more than four feet in length. Due to the length and size of the tubing, B Flat trumpets have a darker, more mellow sound than the C, D, E Flat, and piccolo trumpets. In the United States, most wind/concert band and jazz music is performed with B Flat trumpets.
Around the year 1830, the B Flat cornet was introduced—this got trumpet players of the day thinking. Most valve trumpet music in that era had been played on cumbersome F and G trumpets, but the increasing difficulty of trumpet parts and solo music encouraged many trumpet players to switch to B Flat and C horns. Because they were smaller than F and G trumpets, the B Flat and C horns played with much more agility, a trait players were beginning to need due to more difficult compositions.
Since the B Flat cornet got a head start on the newer trumpets, though, Oxford Music mentions that the cornet almost overtook the trumpet in orchestras and performing ensembles. Although the trumpet did manage to maintain its place of prominence, the fact remains that without the influence of the cornet, trumpet players would have likely continued trying to play modern music on the large F and G trumpets of the day.
German trumpeter A. Kuhnert gets credit for introducing the B Flat trumpet to Germany in the mid-19th century, according to Grove Online.
The C Trumpet
The C trumpet followed a similar pattern to the B flat. Several years after the B Flat trumpet was popularized in Germany by A. Kuhnert, the C trumpet found its way in the Paris Opera. The year was 1874. Oxford Music states that by the year 1890 the F trumpet was all but extinct, except for the Royal College of Music in London, which stubbornly continued teaching it for several years past the turn of the century.
For all practical purposes, though, the B flat and C trumpets arrived on the scene around the same time and with the same goal—to usurp the F and G trumpets with superior accuracy and agility. The C trumpet, over time, found its way into orchestral playing because of its slightly brighter sound. The C trumpet is pitched a step higher than the B flat (due to slightly shorter tubing), and as a result, the tone projects a little bit more than the B flat. Apparently, that slight increase in brightness is important enough that the C trumpet is now the instrument of choice for American orchestral players. Transposing trumpet music while playing a C trumpet is not difficult, since the difference is only one step.
The D Trumpet
Once instrument makers realized they could essentially make a trumpet for every occasion, a D trumpet came onto the market; this was right on the tails of the B flat and C trumpets bursting onto the scene in the mid 19th century. Starting in 1861, D trumpets gained more and more momentum among soloists performing Baroque music. Handel's Messiah and Bach's B Minor Mass were popular works for the D trumpet.
D trumpets have a bright sound—almost piercing—somewhere between the timbres of the C trumpet and the piccolo. Ravel and Stravinsky, among other composers, wrote music with parts specifically for the D trumpet. Performers don't use D trumpets for the sole purpose of getting more range—it really only adds a few notes to more traditional trumpets—but the brightness of the tone and the consistency in the higher range made it ideal for performances of Baroque music in the days before the piccolo trumpet.
The E♭ Trumpet
If you plan to perform the Haydn and Hummel concertos, you will probably have to learn them on the E Flat trumpet. While they can be played on a B Flat horn, the E Flat is the traditional trumpet of choice, mostly because the technique is easier on the fingers when played with an E Flat trumpet. The trills in particular play smoother in E Flat.
Besides the obvious transitional period when playing in a new key, players may have difficulty adjusting to the intonation of the E Flat trumpet—once mastered, though, the crisp sound is worth the effort.
The Piccolo Trumpet
Piccolo Trumpet
Last but certainly not least among the many types of trumpets, we have the piccolo trumpet. It has all but replaced the D trumpet in modern times, especially because the 4th-valve option on the piccolo gives it an extra perfect-fourth of downward range. Furthermore, piccolo trumpets now come with a leadpipe extension which can be used to put the horn into the key of A. Baroque music and even orchestral pieces like Ravel's Bolero, which was originally written with D trumpet in mind, are usually played on piccolo trumpet now.
There you have it—being a trumpet player is even more complicated than being a "keyboardist." Maybe it's even harder than the lineup of instruments a percussionist must juggle, since percussionists don't have to transpose between each instrument!
And remember, you don't have to play every trumpet to be successful, as most players now use piccolo trumpet rather than the aforementioned D trumpet. And unless you decide to play the Hummel or Haydn concerto, you won't have to use E flat, either.
Recommended Articles for You
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Mar 17 2016- POSTED BY Adam Gingery Tags: instrument history, Trumpet 2 comments
About Adam Gingery
Adam Gingery is a freelance copywriter and journalist who double-majored with piano pedagogy and euphonium during undergrad before pursuing performance in graduate school. He is a former runner-up for the US Army Band National Collegiate Solo Contest and silver medalist at the Young Texas Artists competition. He is a general contributor to the Musika Blog.
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• The chromed assist handle can be used for stability when performing exercises such as glute kicks.
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• The seat back slides up & down. The seat can be used as a knee-hold-down when performing high pull exercises.
• Compact, and easy to transport.
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Nearly one quarter of ambulance trusts across the UK do not have a system in place to record and implement patients' advance care plans, a charity has warned.
Compassion in Dying, which helps people prepare for the end of life, said the lack of a system could result in paramedics not being aware of advance care plans, and therefore failing to fulfil a patient's stated preferences for medical treatment and care.
The charity said it was prompted to conduct the research after receiving frequent enquiries from people concerned about whether their advance care plans would be respected in an emergency situation or when being transported between care settings.
Such plans can include an advance decision, sometimes known as an advance decision to refuse treatment (ADRT), a living will, a do not attempt cardiopulmonary resuscitation (DNAR) form, and/or a lasting power of attorney for health and welfare.
The charity said findings from a freedom of information (FoI) request show trusts vary significantly in their policies and practices regarding documentation of advance care planning.
While 23% of ambulance trusts (three of 13) have no systems at all for holding advance care plans for patients in their areas, the remaining trusts varied over whether they simply record the existence of plans, keep physical or electronic copies of them, or have access to systems used by GPs that include the information.
A varying approach regarding who trusts will accept advance care plans from, and in what form.
Nearly half (six of 13) accept them from individuals, whereas just under one third (four of 13) will only accept plans from healthcare professionals.
Meanwhile most (85% or 11 of 13) were unable to report on the number of advance care plans adhered to in 2017.
A lack of a unified system for recording and implementing advance care plans, and a widespread absence of systems for monitoring and analysing adherence to advance care plans was apparent, the charity added.
The charity said confusion over policy can cause distress to patients and their loved ones, and to the paramedics treating them.
Compassion in Dying said it is appealing to trusts and paramedics to implement its recommendations to ensure that the end of life wishes of people in their area are known and followed.
The charity's director of legal strategy and policy Davina Hehir, said: 'We recognise that ambulance crews work in time-pressured and stressful environments.
Kevin Brandstatter, national officer for the paramedics' union the GMB said: 'Paramedics' primary role is to save lives.
'Obviously it is in every ambulance trust's interests to have policies in place to ensure that the wishes of patients are respected. It's a sensitive issue, but GMB is always prepared to discuss policies with ambulance employers.


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Japan in Thailand........
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Japan's Economic Relations with Thailand........
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package org.iotivity.test.cs.tc.helper;

public class CSConstants {
    public static final String TAG = "CSTest";
    public static final String EMPTY_STRING = "";
    public static final String WRONG_ERROR_CODE = "Expected Error Code Mismatch";
    public static String mErrorMessage = "";
    public static final int NUMBER_ZERO = 0;
    public static final int BUFFER_SIZE = 1024;

    public static final int DELAY_SHORT = 1000;                                 // millisecond
    public static final int DISCOVERY_TIMEOUT_05 = 5;
    public static final int DISCOVERY_TIMEOUT_ZERO = 0;
    public static final int DISCOVERY_TIMEOUT_ONE = 1;
    public static final int DISCOVERY_TIMEOUT_TWO = 2;
    public static final int DISCOVERY_TIMEOUT_NEGATIVE = -1;

    // Callback Related Resources
    public static final int SUCCES_CODE = 0;
    public static final int ERROR_CODE = 1;
    public static final int CALLBACK_TIMEOUT = 60;                                    // 60
    // seconds
    public static final boolean CALLBACK_INVOKED = true;
    public static final boolean CALLBACK_NOT_INVOKED = false;
    public static final int CALLBACK_INVOKED_BUT_FAILED = 0;
    public static final String CALLBACK_NOT_INVOKED_MSG = "CallBack Not Invoked";
    public static final String InputPinCBCallbackInvoked = "InputPinCBCallbackInvoked";

    // PM Initialization Resources
    public static final String OIC_CLIENT_CBOR_DB_FILE = "cloud.dat";

    public static final String OIC_CLOUD_CLIENT = "cloud.dat";
    public static final String OIC_SQL_DB_FILE = "Pdm.db";
    public static final String SERVER_SQL_DB_FILE = "ServerPdm.db";

    //Cloud Resource
    public static final String CERT_SERIAL_ONE = "1";

    // Older Version... will be removed
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    public static final String SUBJECT_O2 = "55556d69-6e44-6576-6963-655555400002";
    public static final String DEFAULT_RECURRENCES = "Daily";

    // Credential Resource
    public static final int CREDENTIAL_TYPE = 1;
    public static final int OWNER_PSK_LENGTH_128 = 128 / 8;

    // Direct Pairing Resources
    public static final String DP_PRE_CONFIGURED_PIN = "00000000";

    // Error Code
    public static final String ERROR_INVALID_PARAM = "INVALID_PARAM";
    public static final String ERROR_INVALID_CALLBACK = "INVALID_CALLBACK";
    public static final String ERROR_ERROR = "ERROR";

    // Others
    public static final int DEVICE_INDEX_ZERO = 0;
    public static final int DEVICE_INDEX_ONE = 1;

    public static final String DEFAULT_DEVICE_ID = "9cfbeb8e-5a1e-4d1c-9d01-2ae6fdb";
    public static final String COAP_TCP = "coap+tcp://";
    public static final String DEFAULT_COAP_DERVER_IP = "107.109.211.225";
    public static final String DEFAULT_COAP_DERVER_PORT = "5683";
    public static final String DEFAULT_AUTH_PROVIDER = "github";
    public static final String DEFAULT_AUTH_CODE = "0ae302ac2da009b10c00";

    public static final String MESSAGE = "message";
    public static final String OIC_CLOUD_SQL_DB_FILE = "Cloud.db";
    public static final String DEFAULT_CRL = "CRL";

    public static final String TCP_CLIENT_PACKAGE_NAME = "org.iotivity.tcpandroidclient.intent.action.Launch";
    public static final String TCP_CLIENT_BROADCAST_INTENT =  "service";
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
HomeIndiaKarnataka: BJP big gun to address rumblings against Chief Minister BS Yediyurappa
Karnataka: BJP big gun to address rumblings against Chief Minister BS Yediyurappa
Shankar RajUpdated: Wednesday, June 16, 2021, 10:37 PM IST
BJP leaders offer sweets to Karnataka Chief Minister BS Yediyurappa as his son BY Vijayendra, who won 12 out of 15 seats during the counting of votes of Karnataka by-polls, in Bengaluru on Monday. | ANI Photo
Bengaluru, June 16: BJP's national general secretary in-charge of Karnataka, Arun Singh, arrived here Wednesday to address the rumblings in the state BJP unit against the leadership of Chief Minister BS Yediyurappa.
Speaking to the media, he said "all Karnataka BJP leaders are together and there's no difference of opinion". He added: "If anyone has any issue, let them come and talk to me and not to the media."
However, rural development minister KS Eshwarappa admitted that some within the party want Yediyurappa replaced.
"What you are saying is right, some have proposed that the Chief Minister should be changed, while others want Yediyurappa to continue. A few have even gone to Delhi over this. I hope all issues will now be resolved, as Singh meets ministers, legislators and MPs and shares their opinion with the central leadership," he said in response to a question by reporters.
Singh will be in the state for three days and will hold confabulations with Cabinet ministers and MLAs and is also expected to take part in the state BJP core committee meeting in Bengaluru.
In recent days, there have been moves by a few rebel leaders to unseat BSY. The recent visit by state Tourism Minister C P Yogeeshwara and Hubballi-Dharwad West MLA Arvind Bellad to Delhi had given credibility to such speculation.
Also, citing certain decisions taken by the government, its handling of the Covid crisis and alleged instances of corruption, a few MLAs were said to be pushing for convening a legislature party meeting.
Later, Vijayendra visited Delhi and met top party leaders including national President JP Nadda and had reportedly requested to rein in dissidents.
Last week Yediyurappa had offered to step down if the BJP high command wanted him to do so.
His stand comes as there are speculations about a leadership change in the state on two grounds: Yediyurappa is 78 and the party feels that there is now a need to project a young face. Moreover, there is an unwritten rule in the BJP that leaders above 75 cannot hold a constitutional post; secondly, many party MLAs are upset over Yediyurappa's son BS Vijayendra emerging as a de facto CM.
"...as long as the Delhi high command has confidence in me, I will continue as the Chief Minister. The day they will say they don't want me, I will resign and work day and night for the development of the state," Yediyurappa told reporters in response to a question on attempts to replace him.
"I'm in no confusion. They (high command) have given me an opportunity, I'm trying beyond my strength to utilise the opportunity for good. Rest is left for the high command," he added.
Meanwhile, the Karnataka Congress Wednesday took a dig at Singh's visit to the state, saying that instead of thinking about people, he is resolving bickering within the party.
"Dear Arun Singh, you are rushing here to hold a 'Katte Panchayat' (Platform Panchayat meeting) but don't you have the time to address the grievances of people? From day one of coming to power, this government has been making news for squabbling and not for any achievement," Karnataka Congress tweeted in Kannada ahead of Singh's visit.
'Twitter failed to comply with IT rules': Ravi Shankar Prasad says social media giant...
ED attaches ₹17.48 Crore property of Chhattisgarh CM's Dy-Secy
Peshawar attack: Shia body in India to approach United Nations over targeted massacre in Pak
Bharat Jodo Yatra is a shop of love in the market of hatred: Rahul Gandhi


"Using a web-based query engine and immersive virtual reality to select" by Andy KcKean, Vijay Kalivarapu et al.
This paper presents the development and testing of a tool for designing vehicle operator workstations using 3D anthropometry. The tool consists of two major modules: 1) a webbased engine to query a large database of human anthropometry for selecting human operators representative of a specified user population, and 2) an immersive Virtual Reality (VR) software application used to view the selected anthropometry in relation to vehicle CAD designs. This tool allows a designer to view and interact with fully immersive 3D representations of vehicle operator enclosures and controls from typical CAD models along with digital human models selected from the anthropometry database. This environment allows visualization to aid in the trade-off decisions that come between ergonomic and functional (i.e. structural, electrical, etc.) design. The environment makes use of a webbased interface for the querying of a large anthropometric dataset with over 4500 participants. A designer is presented with a rich set of features to build, store, and manage queries using attributes such as height, weight, reach, gender, and occupation to locate pertinent subsets of subjects for a specific vehicle design. A list of subjects obtained from the query engine can then be sent to a VR environment for viewing with vehicle CAD data. This linkage makes the selecting and viewing of subjects seamless. A detailed description of the design problem being addressed, software development, and sample test cases are presented to demonstrate the intuitive nature and ease of use of the environment.
This is a conference proceeding from Collection of Technical Papers - AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference (2005): AIAA 2005-1814, doi: 10.2514/6.2005-1814. Posted with permission.
KcKean, Andy; Kalivarapu, Vijay; Winer, Eliot H.; Vance, Judy M.; and Duncan, Jerry, "Using a web-based query engine and immersive virtual reality to select and view 3D anthropometry in vehicle operator workstation design" (2005). Mechanical Engineering Conference Presentations, Papers, and Proceedings. 161.


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Perfume Pen Pals: Yosh U4EAHH! 2.43
So I received a Yosh sample in my Barney's bag and, get this, it was unmarked. It came attached to a Yosh card, which listed all of the Yosh fragrances and the Yosh website, but nothing to indicate what was in the vial. I put it on anyway. Cuz that's how I roll.
Ick. Fruity but not in the best way, the way complex perfumes smell. More in the way a sachet in your aunt's dresser drawers might smell, the way everything that comes out of her bedroom might smell.
And cucumber! I smelled cucumber, realistic cucumber, like fresh cucumber juice had been spilled all over my arms. I smelled like I had an accident with cucumbers and my aunt had come rushing in from her bedroom to dry me off with a towel from her dresser. I smelled like a bad day with my aunt. (Truth be told, I don't have an aunt.)
Then I noticed the faintest of lines on the Yosh sample card, almost like a mistake, running beneath U4EAHH!. Which I guess means I'd been stunk up by U4EAHH! What an arrogant way to present perfume samples.
All those bad vibes aside, Yosh uses a similar non-alcohol method as CB I Hate Perfumes, in which the perfume goes on a little oily, but doesn't suffer those harsh first seconds. It's all smooth sailing. U4EAHH! even smells like a CB, all hyper-realistic, like a faithful painting of the Golden Gate Bridge.
Except perfume, like painting, is usually best when it's abstract, when it isn't the equivalent of a first-year art student sitting in front of the bridge with a sketchbook. I like cucumber but I don't want to BE cucumber. Though maybe that's the abstraction: it's so true-to-life it can't help being abstract because who would walk around smelling like a cucumber? And pretending he has an aunt?
Wow! Sounds like U4EAHH! has really taken you on a journey. Admittedly, a journey where you're cranky and kicking the back of the driver's seat and whining "Are we there, yet?" a hundred times in the first five minutes.
As Yosh says, "fragrance is feeling". It would seem that at the moment, you're feeling like a cucumber. For others, U4EAHH!'s feeling is like Jolly Rancher apple candy. The superfans find it uplifting, buttery, and in at least one torrid instance, "babymaking". I would guess that your pretend aunt falls into the latter category.
The Left Coast Nose November 05, 2009 2:32 PM
I just tried U4EAHH, and the pomegranite/cucumber combination was so tasty I wanted to drink it! (Actually the pomegranite+pear= tamarind for me.) And I never knew I wanted aloe vera in my perfume before.
But my "wow" turned to "whaaa" when it was COMPLETELY GONE after 45 minutes. I'm all for subtlety in perfume, but when something smells that good (and costs that much), I want to spend some time with it, get to know it. Not just bump and run.
I wonder if it was an old tester bottle that's lost its "oomph." I'll have to try it again...
Dan Rolleri November 05, 2009 5:48 PM
The Left Coast Nose, Mine was a sample vial, and not knowing it was perfume oil, I dumped it all over my arm. So subtlety was the last thing on my mind. And yet U4EAHH! did fade fairly rapidly (to my relief). I've read these Yosh scents don't project much and it's probably because of their natural-perfume-oil make-up. My Yosh experience left me cold. (Though my imaginary aunt loves them.)


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Anime I Like, But Haven't Talked About Yet: GunXSword
June 6, 2020 Scott Anime Thoughts 15 comments
This is another somewhat distant favorite of mine that I haven't watched in a number of years. It's also my third favorite anime that was directed by a certain Goro Taniguchi. The director behind bigger works like Planetes and Code Geass that pushed his fame further. Goro Taniguchi is one of a small amount of anime directors that I can't help but watch whatever they create no matter the quality of the work. Goro seems to passing some ideas from one series to another, but he still has a large amount of imagination for what he wants to do with his series broadly and it always appeals to me on some level. It's probably because he's a sci fi and mecha person. I mean, that usually helps with appealing to things for me. I like those things a lot.
A lot of people I follow on twitter have compared the plot of GunXSword to Trigun. That is correct and incorrect at the same time in my eyes. Story wise, both are very similar. GunXSword features Van the Dawn (name always to be determined) and the young Wendy wandering around a sci fi desert from place to place in episodic adventures. That's true. Thematically though, the two couldn't be farther from each other. Trigun was about challenging the idols of peace through it's protagonist. GunXSword is about revenge. Van and Wendy have been wronged by one man. A seemingly man with a claw for a hand who supposedly has dreams for a better tomorrow. There is some complexity to this journey, but it isn't as into it's themes as Trigun was in my eyes which is why Trigun is slightly better in my eyes? I mean come on, Trigun is just as underrated of a classic as GunXSword. We aren't here to talk about Trigun though.
Visually and soundtrack wise, GunXSword rules. Listen to the opening above and you know what you are in for. It's a combination of traditional japanese instruments with a jazzy rock style and solid trumpeting. (I feel like I am an expert in knowing good trumpeting considering I am a lousy play myself.) You can't forget the music itself. The character designs are very Clamp/Code Geass like, but you can't mistake the mecha anywhere else because of their pretty creative designs and play style. There is a lot of love for mecha and science fiction in this show because while you have the newer robots fighting each other, an older super robot shows with older pilots to pass down a legacy of bad ass robots and fighting. Something this show has in spades.
So yes, GunXSword is great. One of many underrated treasures that people need to know about. I really want to rewatch the series because it's been years since I've watched it. That might happen sooner than later :O. It is a two cour mecha series that is just so fascinating and interesting. Since it is episodic, there are episodes that miss. There is also strange, sexual content that doesn't fit the anime as well appearing at the end. Still, the show itself is really good and has much more hits then misses with a cast you can't help but really like and understand.
Anyway, thank you so much for indulging me on these lesser efforts, but fun experimental posts. My review posts have been getting longer recently, so I needed something to cool off with that didn't take as much time to write. Look out for future editions of these posts appearing here and there. One is definitely appearing next week. For series it might be, look at my anilist profile here. I should be advertising it more anyway. I've been pretty bad doing that on this site…
Anime ThoughtsGoro TaniguchiGunXSwordRighstuf
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LitaKino says:
This has been on my to finish list since 2000 something lol I got up to episode 9 or 10 I never decided if I really loved it because my friend at time only has first 3 single DVD volumes of it. So I've been to revisit this for too long now. 2020 haha I did vow to finish this one. And I don't know why they compare to trigun, not even close in my eyes.
They only compare it because Trigun is the only "wandering around in a science fiction, post apocalyptic desert" that most people really know about.
I hope you do revisit it though. I need to do it at some point too.
Yon Nyan says:
I saw this a long ass time ago, but I remember really enjoying. And as you said, it some ways it is similar to Trigun, but the parts that separated it from Trigun are the reasons why I enjoyed it so much. Will definitely have to rewatch it one day.
Same honestly. It's been a long time for me, but it's just so memorable.
tanteikid94 says:
Thanks Scott, this is the anime I liked that no ones talks about.
You're welcome. It is such a hidden gem.
Added to my list, awesome – had missed this series!
Yay! A lot of people miss it unfortunately.
I feel like the desert setting in anime is fairly niche one in some ways, huh?
I've heard great things about GunXSword, but never got the chance to see it. I didn't know Goro Taniguchi directed this one. While I'm not the biggest fan of him, he's certainly done a great job with Planetes and I liked ID-0 to name a few.
He really does like creating unique things that a lot of people haven't watched or ignored because some of his works did explode in popularity.
I'm going to have to talk about more of his shows in the future I think.
I certainly agree. I wished more people knew about Planetes for example. Sure, people know him because of Code Geass, but his portfolio goes way beyond that series.
That would be cool. Maybe you can try a Taniguchi month or special posting series with him.
Just over half-way through the series and it's pretty ace – I like the way that it's managing to swing from goofy to serious pretty smoothly 🙂
I'm glad you like it 😊
Pingback: GunxSword (Gan Sōdo) | The Review Heap


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Villelongue-dels-Monts – miejscowość i gmina we Francji, w regionie Oksytania, w departamencie Pireneje Wschodnie.

Według danych na rok 1990 gminę zamieszkiwało 831 osób, a gęstość zaludnienia wynosiła 72 osoby/km² (wśród 1545 gmin Langwedocji-Roussillon Villelongue-dels-Monts plasuje się na 391. miejscu pod względem liczby ludności, natomiast pod względem powierzchni na miejscu 672.).

Zabytki
Zabytki na terenie gminy posiadające status monument historique:
 kaplica Notre-Dame de Vilar (Chapelle Notre-Dame de Vilar lub Santa Maria del Vilar)

Przypisy

Bibliografia

Miejscowości w departamencie Pireneje Wschodnie

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


October's apples have been picked, its pumpkins carved and the pageant of its fall colored hills have been ogled and oohed over. Now, people are turning their attention to Thanksgiving and the launch of the holiday season that ends in the fallen confetti of New Year's Day. Though most Americans think of these holidays as hearth and home celebrations, the Advent Season in Europe is an extremely beautiful time to be there.


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Home » Opinion » Opinion Piece » With Just 12 Years Till Climate Breakdown: Will We Ever Have A Vegan Prime Minister?
With Just 12 Years Till Climate Breakdown: Will We Ever Have A Vegan Prime Minister?
Politicians usually claim diet is a 'personal choice' - but how much longer can they say it?
by Dr. Alex Lockwood 15th October 2018 Updated 1st October 2020
Reading Time: 5 minutes Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn and Prime Minister Theresa May
Will we ever have a vegan prime minister? Would it be possible? Not according to the Conservative Climate Minister Claire Perry, who told the BBC this weekend that it is not the Government's job to advise people on a climate-friendly diet.
And her response – the climate minister, after all – gives a very good indication of just how difficult it is for politicians to be seen advocating for, or even adopting, climate-friendly diets.
And that's despite last week's warnings of looming climate breakdown and collapse.
Perry wouldn't even say on camera that her typical family meal, a stir-fry, was mostly plants.
Should the eating habits of politicians matter? Well, yes, of course – but not how they currently do; however, I'll get to why later.
The personal lives and choices of politicians have always mattered to us, because we read them as markers of culture, of how our politicians are able to connect, or not, with the public.
If a vast majority of the public aren't vegan, the argument goes, then such an identity marker would put people off voting for that person, and her or his party. Maybe when they are local MPs in cosmopolitan areas – such as Labour MP for Bristol East, Kerry McCarthy – a vegan lifestyle can be at best a benefit, and at worst a neutral factor.?
Corbyn and May
But as Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn knows, for the top office in the land it is different. When pressed on his vegetarianism last September, he denied he is becoming a vegan after it was reported that he was considering changing to a fully plant-based lifestyle.
When Theresa May was questioned about veganism in the run-up to her 'Brexit' General Election in 2017, her response, that food is 'a personal choice' and her rather smug admission-for-laughs that 'I eat meat. Yes, I should admit that', was the first time our sitting prime minister had ever had to think about veganism as a political principle.
In the last YouGov poll to look at who would make the best prime minister, May or Corbyn, May comes out in front (36 percent to 22 percent). But the gap was actually much larger before the 2017 General Election, (55 percent to 17 percent) and look how well that turned out for Theresa…
Has their 'popularity' anything to do with their diets? In the fractious and uncertain world of Brexit, probably not. But then Corbyn isn't vegan, and he's – politically – probably right to deny that he's leaning that way.
Vegetarianism remains, for most, left-wing enough.?
Climate Minister Claire Perry says governments should not mandate diet
What would you give up?
Because when it comes to accepting veganism, the majority are barely able to tolerate it in their own homes, let alone in their politicians.
When asked by YouGov 'which of the following, if any, would you be prepared to do if a long-term romantic partner asked you?' people would be much more willing to give up drinking, give up their job, or even cut contacts with their friends, than go vegan.
The only thing people would be less willing to do is change religion.
Because as both Corbyn and May agree – one of the few things on which they do – for the leaders of our two major political parties to stay 'in touch' with the voting public, they need to appeal to meat eaters. More critically, they have both adopted the politically-neutral position that diet remains a 'personal choice'.
For Claire Perry, the idea of government ministers setting an example by eating less beef (the highest climate impact 'meat'), she told the BBC: "You're describing the worst sort of Nanny State ever. Who would I be to sit there advising people in the country coming home after a hard day of work to not have steak and chips? Please…"?
Politicians need to change
But this is where Perry, and both May and Corbyn, need to catch up – and in two important ways.
First, on the numbers. Yes, vegans may still be a small minority of the voting public, but what should politicians make, for example, of the major rise in veganism among young people? And that 30 percent of shoppers aged 18-24 are either vegan or considering it? Or that mums are winning court battles to get vegan meals in schools for their children (the question that Theresa May deflected with her "I eat meat" comment on the campaign trail.)
Simply in terms of trends, Labour are more likely, with a vegetarian leader who puts vegans in his shadow cabinet, to appeal to the growing number of young people who will be voting for the first time at the next general election.?
Second: if the food we eat is a marker of our cultural identity, then what does it say when politicians blithely and smugly 'confess' to eating foods that are directly linked to the industries most responsible for causing climate breakdown, health epidemics, and environmental catastrophe?
Some politicians are catching on to the very urgent need to reframe food issues away from 'personal choice' and towards the more realistic view that they are vital social practices that impact our world, perhaps more than any other. Is it morally acceptable any longer that 86 percent of the British public still eat meat more than several times a week, when those 'choices' are one of the biggest negative impacts on our shared global environment?
As the latest IPCC report made clear last week, a huge reduction in meat eating is essential if we're going to avoid the worst of climate breakdown.?
We are becoming increasingly aware about the human impact on climate change (Photo: Licensed from Adobe. Do not re-use without permission)
This will not come simply by relying on a change in 'personal choice'. Governments need to act. Vegan activists need to be political activists. And politicians need to lead, personally.
Politicians must change their diets, in the same way that we ask them to assume standards of financial probity and environmental choices fit for those in public office. If they can do it in Israel, why not here?
There is a Labour Animal Rights Group and a Conservatives Animal Welfare Foundation. Neither of which go as far as the Green Party, who in their manifesto have long argued to phase out all forms of factory farming, and as part of their long term aims, wish to eliminate the wholesale exploitation of other species, foster understanding of our inter-relationship in the web of life and protect and promote natural habitat. It's co-leader Jonathan Bartley did Veganuary this year -finally! – and has stated he 'won't be stopping'.
Dereliction of duty
Like that woman who asked Theresa May about veganism on the campaign trail, the rest of us vegans need to be continually asking our politicians to recognise the need to shift towards plant-based lifestyles as the only responsible practices for those in positions of leadership. I agree with Craig Bennett, CEO for Friends of the Earth, who called Perry's comments 'a dereliction of duty' in this time of climate breakdown and unfettered animal exploitation.
There is a new public duty that politicians must accept. If it is appropriate for governments to advice people on diets relating to health – and they do – why not for the urgent crisis of climate change?
Vegan change
Politics is changing to reflect the growth in public understanding that veganism is both a choice made by persons (rather than 'personal choice') and more importantly a major, mainstream political issue.
There is now an All Party Parliamentary Group on Vegetarianism and Veganism in the Houses of Parliament. We have at least four vegans in the Houses of Parliament, and many more within the grassroots movements. We've even got farming ministers speaking at Vegan Society fringe events at the party conferences…
So, to ask the question again: will we ever have a vegan prime minister?
Let me reframe the question. Can we really afford not to?
Tagged: jeremycorbyn, opinion-2, politics-2, theresamay, veganism
Dr. Alex Lockwood
Alex Lockwood is a writer and senior lecturer at the University of Sunderland. He is the author of The Pig in Thin Air (Lantern Books), a vegan memoir about the relationship between climate change and the food we eat. His debut novel The Chernobyl Privileges (Roundfire) was shortlisted for the Rubery International Book Award 2019. He has written journalism, fiction and nonfiction for The Guardian, Earthlines, Zoomorphic, Like the Wind, SWAMP, The Dodo, The Millions and more. He is a regular speaker at events and various vegan festivals. Connect at http://www.twitter.com/alexlockwood.	More by Dr. Alex Lockwood


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Guest Post | DC Flirts with Sword-and-Sorcery, Part One: Nightmaster
By GW Thomas
Sword-and-sorcery comics have become a thing in their own right. Titles like Conan the Barbarian, The Warlord, and Red Sonja have been successful franchises spanning hundreds of issues. But back in the late 1960s, while Lancer was virtually coining their own money with the purple-edged Howard paperbacks, the response in comics was slow. Heroic Fantasy had yet to find a foothold in mainstream comics. Artists like Wally Wood and Gray Morrow experimented first in fanzines then later in the black-and-whites pages of the Warren horror magazines. Slowly, the big boys took notice. DC beat Marvel to the punch, but their first attempts gained little notice. By 1970, with the swelling success of Marvel's Conan the Barbarian, DC had to take a second look at this new thing, this "Conan stuff" that was part fantasy and part horror.
That first attempt at sword-and-sorcery was to be found in their horror titles. (If it hadn't sunk the Warren magazines, why not?) "In a Far Off Land" in The Witching Hour #3 (June-July 1968) was written by Steven Skeates and drawn by Bernie Wrightson. The plot follows a man of Earth who is drawn into a fantasy world by magic. The wizard who has summoned him has also locked away his memory. Charged with defeating the barbarian invaders, armed with a magic sword, he prevails by killing the evil Lafhards and winning the girl. When his memory is restored, the man finds he is a murderer who rests in a prison cell. He is given the choice of staying in the fantastic realm or return to Earth. He chooses (rather stupidly) to return and pay for his crime. Skeates would go on to write other sword-and-sorcery stories for Warren's Creepy and Eerie. Wrightson would achieve fame as the artist behind such horror titles as Swamp Thing, but during this time he produced more sword-and-sorcery for DC and Marvel.
"In a Far off Land" set the pattern for a longer version of this test entitled Nightmaster, using the same man-from-our-world goes to a fantasy realm (what we now call portal fantasy) and has poorly hidden jokes in the names. The three-parter (each bearing a Joe Kubert cover), beginning with DC Showcase #82 (May 1969), was written by Denny O'Neil, a writer who had penned Charlton's Adventures of the Man-God Hercules under the pseudonym Sergius O'Shaugnessy. This first issue was illustrated by Jerry Grandenetti and Dick Giordano. Grandenetti had drawn several sword-and-sorcery pieces for Warren. The first issue tells how rock musician Jim Rook transcends dimensions to Myrra, a land of fantastic creatures. He meets King Zolto, who relates how Rook is the descendant of Nacht (German for "night"), a hero sent to our dimension by the wizard Farben. Zolto arms Rook with the Sword of Night and sends him to defeat the Warlocks who hold his fiancee, Janet Jones (long before Gretzky). Rook's assistant is a strange boy named Boz (the character is entirely white and never really explained). Before Rook (now titled Nightmaster and given a rather superhero-looking costume) can defeat the Warlocks, he has to pass through a magical gate. To do this he needs the three magic words from the Ice Witch. The duo ride giant grasshoppers to her mountain and scale the steep walls while Warlock troopers throw icicles at them, but finally defeat the witch after she assumes Janet's appearance. End of Part One.
In an editorial at the end of the issue, O'Neil lays out his background and mission in "Take That, You Hideous Magician, You! Or How I Stopped Worrying and Learned to Love Swordplay." He mentions the big guys: Burroughs, Howard, Leiber, Tolkien, and Moorcock; claiming their inspiration for all the people involved in the comic. "We wondered why nobody was publishing a sword-and-sorcery comic magazine. It seems to us that the comics medium is perfectly suited to sword-and-sorcery's blend of action, grotesque beings, eerie places. Yet the few attempts in the past to embody sword-and-sorcery in panel art have been dismal failures. Readers left them languishing like ugly kittens. Perhaps these earlier attempts were badly done (and perhaps they weren't). More probably, potential fans simply hadn't discovered the special joys the pages offered." In 1969, this statement is true. Nobody was publishing a real sword-and-sorcery title. O'Neil hints at his stint "at another company" on Hercules and perhaps means himself when he means under-appreciated.
According to Like a Bat Out of Hell: Chatting with Bernie Wrightson (Summer 1999), Wrightson was supposed to draw all three issues, but he was pulled when the first seven pages proved unsatisfactory. Grandenetti was working with O'Neil on The Spectre and was called in to start things off. Wrightson did complete the last two segments. With issue #83 (June 1969) and #84 (August 1969), Wrightson inherited Grandenetti's rather un-Conan-looking hero and a new companion is almost immediately added: Tark. This ram-horned Szaszian barbarian is much closer to what fans expect of sword-and-sorcery. His real name is Tickytarkapolis Trootrust, but Nightmaster dubs him simply Tark (thank goodness). The trio becomes a group of five when the heroes rescue two sirens who have had their voices stolen by the Warlocks. Breaking into Lord Spearo's castle, they fight empty suits of armor called Hackies and rescue the sirens' voices. Using the magic of the sirens, they defeat the present Warlocks, but still have to stop the Warlocks' plan to cross dimensions and conquer our world. End of Part Two.
The finale has the Warlocks sending giant spiders to kill the heroes on strands of smoke. Spearo and the Warlock Lord (this predates Terry Brooks'character of the same name in The Sword of Shannara by eight years) set a trap for the Nightmaster. They take Janet Jones, change her appearance, and erase her mind. She is turned into Mizzi the Maid, guest-drawn by Jeff Jones (you can recognize his style) in a cutie-pie fashion. Rook and his crew recruit the grumpy wizard Mar-Grouch to help the heroes and retrieve Janet magically. Rook is disappointed when it is Mizzi who is rescued. Now a member of the group, Mizzi tries and tries again to kill Rook, first by stabbing him, then by putting yellow crystals in his flying gear. Green crystals would have worked fine, but the yellow attract the deadly Arivegs, giant man-eating flying plants. They defeat the Arivegs and corner the conspiring Lord Spearo and Warlock Lord. The magician puts them to sleep with a spell and the heroes are captured. Mizzi frees the heroes, but not before the Warlock Lord turns her back into Janet. Using a portal that looks like a big ink blot, the Warlocks cross over to our dimension to begin their conquest. Rook forces them back into Myrra then destroys the portal. He and Janet are standing on the street, wondering if it was all a dream, but the glowing sword in his hand says otherwise.
The writing style of Nightmaster is forcibly scarred by dated language. Rather than having Rook talk in normal phrases he replies in slangy earth references. This constant jarring makes the story a bit of a lark in the Harold Shea vein rather than serious sword-and-sorcery. Perhaps unwisely, Nightmaster was portal fantasy while Conan and Tolkien are not. In the art department, Wrightson got help from two other sword-and-sorcery artists, Jeff Jones and Mike Kaluta. These three, along with sword-and-sorcery superstar Barry Windsor Smith, formed an artists' commune in 1975 known as The Studio. In this way, with Smith at Marvel and the other three working on Nightmaster, all four contributed to early sword-and-sorcery comics.
DC Comics tried to gain a foothold in the world of sword-and-sorcery comics with DC Showcase's Nightmaster, but it failed. What would have followed a successful run of Nightmaster can only be guessed. Would the comic have become a superhero comic set in our world or would Jim and Janet have gone back to the realm of Myrra? We will never know what Denny O'Neil would have done if the comic was a hit, but we can be pretty sure what others would do. In 2005, fans of the old series created Shadowpact, a collection of old characters who fight in a superhero group. This superheroing seemed inevitable from how O'Neil finished the tale. Working out of the Oblivion Bar, now owned by Jim Rook. 2011 saw writer Adam Beecham and artist Kieron Dwyer give us Nightmaster: Monsters of Rock, in which Rook does go back to Myrra to fight Lord Meh and rescue the Shadowpact superhero group. His companion is an elderly hippie. Berni Wrightson did a great cover for the last entry.
Next time, DC tries again...
GW Thomas has appeared in over 400 different books, magazines and ezines including The Writer, Writer's Digest, Black October Magazine and Contact. His website is gwthomas.org. He is editor of Dark Worlds magazine.
Labels: berni wrightson, dc, denny o'neil, gw thomas, nightmaster
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Guest Post | The Comet Doom: SF's Second Chance
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Guest Post | DC Flirts with Sword-and-Sorcery, Par...
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Luby, S., M. Agboatwalla, D. Feikin, J. Painter, W. Billhimer, A. Altaf, and R. M.Hoekstra. 2005. "Effect of Handwashing on Child Health: A Randomized Controlled Trial." The Lancet, Vol. 366, July 16,2005. http://www.aku.edu/CHS/pdf/SoapHealth_ARI_Lancet_Man.pdf Clasen, T. F., I. G. Roberts, T. Rabie, W-P Schmidt, and S. Cairncross. 2006.
"Interventions to Improve Water Quality for Preventing Diarrhoea." Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (2006), Issue 3, Article No. CD004794. http://www.cochrane.org/reviews/en/ab004794.html Curtis, V., and S. Cairncross. 2003.
"Effect of Washing Hands With Soap on Diarrhoea Risk in the Community: A Systematic Review." Lancet Infectious Diseases, Vol. 3, Issue 5, May 2003, pp.275-281. http://www.globalhandwashing.org/Publications/Attachments/CurtisHandwashing.pdf Ensink, J., with V. Curtis (quality assurance). WELL Fact Sheet: Health Impact of Handwashing With Soap.
Interventions to Reduce Diarrhoea in Less Developed Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis." Lancet Infectious Diseases, Vol. 5, Issue 1, January 2005, pp. 42-52.
Scrub Club (www.scrubclub.org) Healthy Schools, Healthy People (HSHP). It's a SNAP: A Cross-Curricular, School- Wide Education Program for Middle Schools.
Available through the HSHP website at http://www.itsasnap.org/snap/pdfs/SNAP%20Toolkit%20FINAL%204.pdf.
1 UNICEF, State of the World's Children 2008.
2 Lorna Fewtrell, Kaufmann R.B., Kay D., Enanoria W., Haller L., and Colford, J.M.C., Jr. 2005. "Water, sanitation, and hygiene interventions to reduce diarrhoea in less developed countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis." The Lancet Infectious Diseases, Vol. 5, Issue 1: 42-52. Also, Curtis, V. and Cairncross, S. 2003. "Effect of washing hands with soap on diarrhoea risk in the community: A systematic review." The Lancet Infectious Diseases, Vol. 3, May 2003, pp 275-281.
6 Lorna Fewtrell et al.


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OpenCon is the conference and community for students and early career professionals interested in advancing Open Access, Open Education and Open Data. OpenCon 2016 will be held on November 12-14 in Washington, DC. Each year, OpenCon brings together a diverse, representative, and engaged group of participants, with travel scholarships available to most participants. For this reason, attendance at OpenCon 2016 is by application only.
The meeting, sponsored by Zoo Med Laboratories, Inc., is co-hosted by the Turtle Survival Alliance and the IUCN Tortoise and Freshwater Turtle Specialist Group (TFTSG). Hosting an average of more than 250 attendees over the past several years, the symposium represents the largest gathering of non-marine turtle biologists in the world and provides an unmatched opportunity for networking and strategizing turtle conservation. By bringing such a diversity of "turtle minds" together, the meeting is a catalyst for the creation of new programs, initiatives and partnerships.


Try something new and enjoy a three-course, value-priced menu at restaurants in Carmel, Fishers, Noblesville and Westfield.
This new exhibit tells the history of American home furnishings in miniature.
Get a first look of Temptation, the February exhibit inside the Judge Stone House gallery.
This week, see Neil Simon's RUMORS, country singer Sara Evans and Five Irish Tenors.
Get your heart pumping for Westfield's Valentine's fun run through Grand Park.
Want to always know what Hamilton County, Indiana weekend happenings are coming up? Sign up to have this list and more delivered right to your inbox.


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JudgeKlein.com
All That 'Jazz'
Dick Klein started playing jazz drums in high school. In college and law school, his bands traveled the Atlantic as a "Ship's Band" and played at various clubs in Amsterdam, Paris and Copenhagen. His band at Harvard Law School, the "Harvard Blue Notes," twice won the Intercollegiate Jazz Competition. Recently, he has appeared with several different groups.
For many years Klein has played at the Reading Terminal the second Friday of the month, with, appropriately enough, "The Reading Terminals." This band includes former Councilman/Housing Director Ed Schwartz on keyboard, facial plastic surgeon Dave Reiter on guitar, attorney Kevin Call on bass and Dom Minni on sax.
"The Fifth Amendment," comprised of some of the top jazz musicians in the area, not only has played various clubs but also has received governmental and foundation sponsorship to play in Pennsylvania prisons, jails and drug treatment facilities. The late Grover Washington, Jr. frequently joined the band as guest soloist.
He also plays benefits with "Moonlighting," Dick also frequently participates with other non-professional musicians in the Tuesday night jam sessions at the 23rd Street Cafe at 23rd & Summer, right off the first exit of the Vine Street Expressway. Check out that web site at www.23cafe.com.
To round things out, Dick also plays with "Mysticks," a band featuring vibraphonist Tony
Miceli.
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text:
Q: How to get phase DC offset and amplitude of sine wave in Python I have a sine wave of the known frequency with some noise with uniform samples near Nyquist frequency. I want to get approximate values of amplitude, phase, and DC offset.
I searched for an answer and found a couple of answers close to what I needed, but still was unable to write a proper code that achieves what I need.
When I run the code below, I get the wrong phase and amplitude.
Would be happy to get some help.

import sys
import numpy
import pylab as plt

def cosfunc(time, amplitude, omega, phase, offset):
    ''' Function to create sine wave. Phase in radians '''
    return amplitude * numpy.cos(omega*time + phase) + offset

def get_cosine_approx(timeline,sine_data):
    points_num=len(timeline)

    fft_freq = numpy.fft.fftfreq(points_num-1, timeline[1]-timeline[0])   # assume uniform spacing
    fft_result=numpy.fft.fft(sine_data)

    #Remove negative frequencies
    for i in range(len(fft_freq)):
        if fft_freq[i]<0:
            fft_result[i]=0

    ampl=numpy.abs(fft_result)/points_num*2
    max_index=numpy.argmax(ampl)

    guess_amplitude=ampl[max_index]
    phase_unwrapped=numpy.unwrap(numpy.angle(fft_result))

    guess_phase=phase_unwrapped[max_index]
    guess_phase_dig=guess_phase*180./numpy.pi

    print("freq",fft_freq[max_index])
    print("amplitude",guess_amplitude)
    print("phase",guess_phase_dig)

    plt.plot(timeline, sine_data, "ok", label="sine")
    new_timeline=numpy.linspace(timeline[0], timeline[-1], len(timeline)*1000)
    plt.plot(new_timeline, cosfunc(new_timeline,guess_amplitude,2.*numpy.pi*56e9,guess_phase,0), "r-", label="fit")
    plt.legend(loc="best")
    plt.show()

    return {"amp":guess_amplitude, "ph":guess_phase,"ph_dig":guess_phase_dig}

N = 256  # Sample points
f=56e9 #56GHz
t = numpy.linspace(0.0, 100./f, N) # Time
omega = 2.*numpy.pi*f
offset=0
phase=0
A=1.

cos=cosfunc(t,A,omega,phase,offset)
result=get_cosine_approx(t,cos)

A: You are catching the phase at an inflection point, where the phase is suddenly transitioning from +pi/2 to -pi/2, and the bin you are looking at is just partway through the downhill slide.  This is just because the FFT results are not continuous. A single bin spans a range of frequencies.
Notice when we plot the phase and the amplitude:
import sys
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

def cosfunc(time, amplitude, omega, phase, offset):
    ''' Function to create sine wave. Phase in radians '''
    return amplitude * np.cos(omega*time + phase) + offset

def get_cosine_approx(timeline,sine_data):
    points_num=len(timeline)

    fft_freq = np.fft.fftfreq(points_num, timeline[1]-timeline[0])
    fft_result=np.fft.fft(sine_data)
    fft_freq = np.fft.fftshift(fft_freq)
    fft_result = np.fft.fftshift(fft_result)

    ampl = np.abs(fft_result) * 2 / points_num
    phase = np.angle(fft_result)

    plt.plot(fft_freq, ampl, label='ampl' )
    plt.plot(fft_freq, phase, label='phase' )
    plt.legend(loc="best")
    plt.show()

    return 0

N = 256  # Sample points
f=56e9 #56GHz
t = np.linspace(0.0, 100./f, N) # Time
omega = 2.*np.pi*f
offset=0
phase=0
A=1.

cos=cosfunc(t,A,omega,phase,offset)
result=get_cosine_approx(t,cos)

The plot shows the inflection point right at the peak frequency bin.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Everybody loses weight with weight loss surgery.
It is true that a great majority of patients lose a significant amount of weight after weight loss surgery, but there is no guarantee that you will lose weight. Proper behavior changes, such as a change in eating habits and a lifelong commitment, are what result in long-term weight-loss success.
Most patients regain the weight they lost after surgery.
Again, proper weight loss and maintenance of the weight loss requires a daily commitment to changing eating patterns and habits in order to maximize your success after surgery. The great majority of patients do not regain their weight.
There is a higher chance of dying from the surgery than there is of dying from obesity.
All surgeries have risk, but the chance of dying from medical problems related to obesity (called co-morbidities) is significantly higher than the minimal risk of dying from the actual operation.
Obese people just need to diet and exercise to lose weight rather than have surgery; surgery is the easy way out.
Individuals affected by severe obesity are resistant to long-term weight-loss by diet and exercise. The National Institutes of Health Experts Panel recognize that 'long-term' weight-loss is nearly impossible for those affected by severe obesity by any means other than bariatric surgery. These surgeries are effective in maintaining long-term weight-loss because they help reduce caloric intake and cause changes in gut hormones that decrease your desire for food.
There is a higher incidence of suicide in people that have had weight loss surgery.
Individuals affected by severe obesity who are seeking a surgical solution are more likely to suffer from depression or anxiety, have lower self-esteem and lower overall quality of life than someone who is of normal weight. Bariatric surgery results in a significant improvement in psychosocial well-being for the great majority of patients. However, there remain a few patients with undiagnosed preexisting psychological disorders who may need to seek professional attention. For this reason, comprehensive bariatric programs require psychological evaluations prior to surgery.
Obesity is an addiction like alcoholism or drug dependency.
Although there is a small percentage of individuals affected by obesity who have eating disorders, such as binge eating disorder syndrome, that may result in the intake of excess food (calories), for the vast majority of individuals affected by obesity, it is a complex disease involving metabolic imbalances. When treating addiction, such as alcohol and drugs, one of the first steps is abstaining from the drugs or alcohol. This approach does not work with obesity as we need to eat to live.


My cousin received the flowers for the reception on time. thanks for prompt delivery.
I don't won't to give even one star to this US2GUNTUR OR US2AP whatever..... My first experience with this website was good, the normal cartoon cake was delivered on time as mentioned and got good reviews from back home, was impressed by that and second time ordered from them only for my niece, a fresh cream Mickey Mouse cake and a barbie doll.....this time time was such a bad experience, the cake was not fresh cream upon that on a basic square shape cake they have drawn an image we can't figure that out whether it Is gorilla or some other creature ....small children will get scared of that cake forget about eating that cake the taste was bad it seems and then the barbie doll was delivered after a week. Giving second chance to them as they have delivered properly first time and the manager also apologised , I ordered again for my nephew a kids English learner laptop, chocolates and colour pencils, this time I did not dare to order cake from them .....on my nephew's birthday they only delivered colour pencils and chocolates and the kids laptop was delivered after 3 days, as my nephew was all the way waiting for his laptop he was very much disappointed it was not delivered on his birthday....... In both the cases before ordering I called them and cross check with them that they can deliver to that date and whether they can prepare that cake to that city....my niece and nephew are kids and they were very much disappointed with this on their birthdays.
This service is very good for us ,,,,we can reach our people with gifts etc ,,as we are so far from our home town,,they help us touch the hearts of our people ,on any day, with what ever we wish, and see the smile on our family members face ,s with the flowers and gifts, thanks for being there, i wish you all,anu and family a happy Diwali ,and a happy new year too ,,,,,you guys are doing great job,- Divya,PA USA.


text:
The Joe Abercrombie reread
The Joe Abercrombie First Law Trilogy Reread
Rereading Joe Abercrombie's First Law Trilogy, Last Argument of Kings: "After the Rains" and "Answers"
Justin Landon
Fri Nov 6, 2015 1:00pm
Rereading Joe Abercrombie's First Law Trilogy, Last Argument of Kings: "Open the Box", "Dark Paths", and "Reckonings"
Fri Oct 23, 2015 1:00pm
Rereading Joe Abercrombie's First Law Trilogy, Last Argument of Kings: "Sacrifices"
Rereading Joe Abercrombie's First Law Trilogy, Last Argument of Kings: "Questions" and "The Day of Judgement"
Fri Oct 2, 2015 1:00pm
Rereading Joe Abercrombie's First Law Trilogy, Last Argument of Kings: "Tomorrow's Hero" and "Nightfall"
Fri Sep 18, 2015 1:00pm
Rereading Joe Abercrombie's First Law Trilogy, Last Argument of Kings: "Leadership" and "A Rock and a Hard Place"
Fri Sep 4, 2015 1:00pm
Rereading Joe Abercrombie's First Law Trilogy, Last Argument of Kings: "Greater Good" and "Skarling's Chair"
Fri Aug 28, 2015 2:00pm
Rereading Joe Abercrombie's First Law Trilogy, Last Argument of Kings: "Authority" and "The Circle"
Fri Jun 12, 2015 1:00pm
Rereading Joe Abercrombie's First Law Trilogy, Last Argument of Kings: "The Number of the Dead" and "Leaves on the Water"
Fri Jun 5, 2015 3:00pm
Rereading Joe Abercrombie's First Law Trilogy, Last Argument of Kings: "Sweet Victory" and "Rude Awakenings"
Rereading Joe Abercrombie's First Law Trilogy, Last Argument of Kings: "The Fourth Day" and "The Perfect Couple"
Fri May 8, 2015 1:00pm
Rereading Joe Abercrombie's First Law Trilogy, Last Argument of Kings: "Picked Up a Shadow" and "Questions"
Fri Apr 17, 2015 1:00pm
Rereading Joe Abercrombie's First Law Trilogy, Last Argument of Kings: "The First Day" and "Such Sweet Sorrow"
Fri Apr 3, 2015 1:00pm
Rereading Joe Abercrombie's First Law Trilogy, Last Argument of Kings: "Prepared for the Worst" and "The Habit of Command"
Fri Mar 27, 2015 3:00pm
Rereading Joe Abercrombie's First Law Trilogy, Last Argument of Kings: "The Trap" and "Horrible Old Man"
pjcamp on Five of the Best Books I Never Meant to Read 10 mins ago
Sunspear on "Let's fly!" — Star Trek: Discovery Third Season Overview 2 hours ago


text:
Matching Trainers to Your Core Values
Working Generations, Young and Old
Top-flight Customer Problem Solving
Publisher's Commentary
Story Features
Entertainment Center Reports
Mini-Golf & Go-Kart
Executive Digest
Buzzz Boyz and Video Interviews
Large Park
Haunted Amusements
Readership by Region
Ad Submissions
Equal Access:
How the Nation's Zoos and Aquariums Are Serving Guests with Disabilities
A trip to a zoo or aquarium should be an easy and fun experience for everyone, including those with disabilities. Since the inception of the American with Disabilities Act in 1990, zoos and aquarium have been finding creative ways to ensure that all visitors enjoy the exhibits.
The North Carolina Aquarium at Pine Knoll Shores is one of three aquariums run by the state of North Carolina. The 93,000-square-foot facility closed its doors in 2004 to undergo a renovation that not only tripled its size but made the aquarium completely accessible for people with disabilities. The physical changes have made it easier for the disabled to come to the aquarium, but the aquarium wanted to find ways for the disabled to enjoy the beauty of the animals in the exhibits as well.
"Our exhibit, Fintastic, allows those with visual impairments to learn about the animals that we have here," said Exhibits Curator Georgia Minnich. "Fintastic delivers information through several senses. The exhibit includes life-size, 3-D models built for hands-on exploration."
When visitors touch any of the 3-D models in the exhibit, an audio guide begins to play and instructs the visitors where to place their hands to feel the mouth, eyes, fins and body shapes of that particular animal.
"The models have raised textures, and we use the texture to show the different features on the animals," explained Minnich. "For example, the spots on the flounder model are raised, so when a hand goes over the model, the spots can be felt. The base of the model is sand, and we put corresponding textured spots in that sand so by touching it, people can feel how the fish use camouflage in their natural environment."
Created by model designer Rebecca Fuller, the textured 3-D models are used throughout the aquarium, even on directional maps. "We do not have painted signs for the displays. We have 3-D signs, so people can touch the sign and feel how the river turns, and feel the coastline too."
The 3-D effects for the aquarium are the result of a research grant that studied how to effectively communicate information to people who are visually impaired or blind.
Volunteers also walk through the exhibit with various items such as otter pelts, skulls and other life-like items that visitors can touch to get a true idea of what the animals look like and how they live.
"We also have raised lettering and Braille throughout the exhibits," Minnich noted. "The aquarium was designed so people with any disability could have access throughout the aquarium."
The parking lot, entrance, exhibits, restrooms and marsh boardwalk are accessible to visitors who use wheelchairs. Parking for people with disabilities is near the entrance, and wheelchairs are free to visitors with a photo ID. Service animals are allowed in the facility. The aquarium can also make volunteers available to disabled guests if advanced notice is given ahead of the visit.
As building superintendent of the North Carolina Aquarium at Fort Fisher in Kure Beach, Tom Coit oversees the needs of disabled visitors each day. The 84,000-square-foot facility welcomes more than 450,000 guests each year. Like its sister aquarium in Pine Knoll Shores, the Fort Fisher facility underwent a major renovation that tripled the size of the aquarium and made all of the facility accessible to those with disabilities.
"We have no stairs throughout the aquarium," Coit noted. "The conservatory slopes upward for wheelchair access. Also where there are level changes, we have built ramps."
The aquarium also has an elevator, and all entrances, exits, water fountains, exhibits and restrooms are wheelchair accessible, including the interpretative bike paths and garden decks.
Guided tours for the visually impaired can also be pre-arranged with aquarium staff. The aquarium provides assisted listening devices for amplified narration free of charge, and close-captioned films for the hearing impaired and deaf and large-script films for the visually impaired are available.
The Rolling Hills Wildlife Adventure in Salina, Kan., is both a zoo and immersive museum that focuses on seven world regions from the tropical rainforest to the Polar zone. The 70-acre facility welcomes about 150,000 guests per year.
"We want to make sure that all our guests can enjoy their visit," said Jeff Parker, director of Operations. "We run trams throughout the park. We have four trams and two of the four trams running will have wheelchair accessible carts. We also have available for rent electric carts as well as regular wheelchairs."
Security personnel also give rides up and down hills for those visitors who are ambulatory but not able to walk the terrain. There are walkways throughout the facility but no stairs.
"While we are completely ADA compliant, we still look for ways to make the visits for the disabled easier," Parker noted. "For example, when we give tours and if there is a hearing impaired person on the tour, we have a volunteer who will text message the info to their phone. We work with people on an individual basis. If they let us know that they are coming, we will find a way to make their visit easier."
As the director of Marketing and Visitor Services at the National Mississippi River Museum and Aquarium in Dubuque, Iowa, John Sutter oversees the facilities and programs for disabled guests. More than 250,000 guests visit the 10-acre campus each year.
"We opened our doors seven years ago, so this facility was built keeping the disabled in mind," noted Sutter. "We want to make each person's visit a great visit. We want to welcome anyone who wants to experience this great place; we want to make their visit a visit to always remember and one they want to have again."
A recipient of the "Proudly Accessible Dubuque Award," The National Mississippi River Museum and Aquarium offers closed captioning on exhibits plus listening assisted devices for the deaf and hearing impaired. Audio scripts are also available for the visually impaired. There are Braille signs at emergency and fire exits as well as strobe light alarms. There are ramps, elevators and wide corridors that make the facility accessible to wheelchair users.
"We also offer the 'All-star Program' for guests with severe and profound disabilities," Sutter said. "For these guests and their caretakers, admission is free, and we have wheelchairs available for visitors to borrow."
Jenkinson's Aquarium in Point Pleasant, N.J., is a 25,000-square-foot, privately run facility that welcomes about 240,000 guests per year. The aquarium houses 1,700 individual animals that represent 300 species. The 88,000-gallon tanks contain sharks, harbor seals, alligators and sting rays. As director of the aquarium, Cindy Claus is responsible for making sure that all guests are able to enjoy the boardwalk facility.
"Most of the aquarium is accessible for wheelchairs, but there is one small section that it's impossible to allow wheelchairs because of how the building is constructed with the boardwalk wrapped around it. With this in mind, we go out of our way to make sure that people experience the beauty of the animals at the aquarium."
For those who are ambulatory, but cannot stand for long periods of time, the aquarium has benches and chairs for sitting. The aquarium uses staff and volunteers to bring the animals and the exhibits to those who cannot see them in the exhibit setting. Staff members will also stay with a guest with a disability throughout their visit and lead them through the exhibits if the facility is notified ahead of time.
"We come up with different ways to enhance our visitors' experiences here. We do have constraints because of the building, but we try very hard to please each visitor and they do appreciate our extra efforts." –
PreviousA Taste of the Past
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Tourist Attractions and Parks guarantees the largest readership in the amusement industry with about 26,000 readers.
You receive this guarantee because we reach more facilities, more buyers, and more decision makers than any other industry publication! Tourist Attractions & Parks represents over 8,000 FEC locations alone.
Review our readership breakdown in our Media Kit. Compare us to FunWorld, RePlay, and others. Ask them to break down their circulation and compare it to ours. Your message will be part of our over 48 years of editorial excellence.
Editorial sections in every issue includes Waves, Food Service Spotlight, The Large Park Report, Street Beat and the most extensive look at the entertainment center business in the industry. Each issue's Entertainment Center Report includes articles covering mini-golf and go-karts, trampolines, laser tag, bowling, laser tag, roller skating and more. Don't miss bonus sections covering escape rooms, haunted attractions and the amusement rental/inflatables segment.
Read TAP for the best coverage of trends and operational advice that cannot be beat – we are the amusement industry experts!


text:
Q: MVC 5 - Populate Details in Partial View from the Parent View and Save record to the Parent ID I am fairly new to MVC and I'm trying to build what seems like a complex data model with a code first DbContext approach.
I have a customer which I want to add multiple surveys to.
I'll explain my view setup as simply as I can. This is what the view looks like:
Customer (Displays a table with a list of customers, which contains create, edit, view and delete links that links to normal views.
When I click on view, it takes me to a normal view page. On this page I have two partial view tabs titled customer and surveys.
When I click on the surveys tab it should show a table with a list of surveys containing create, edit, view and delete links that should link to popup modal partial views.
The main question here is how do I send the ID of the customer in the view to the new survey so that it can link the survey ID to my customer ID and also automatically fill in some customer details on my survey for example the customer name.
If you need any more info I would be happy to supply it.
Thank you

A: In the part where you now have your Create/Read/Edit/Delete links, add in a parameter in the link like
/Edit/CustomerId={customerId}

Now you can get that parameter in the postback to your controller:
public ActionResult Edit(int customerId)


text:
A nanotechnology catalsyt to reduce vehicular pollution
(Nanowerk News) Maya Mexican oil type has up to 30 parts per million of sulfur, labeling it as heavy oil, meaning, too pollutant for the environment when used as raw material for fuels. Looking to reduce the national hydrocarbon emissions, a team of scientists from the Center of Nanosciences and Nanotechnology (CNyN), from the National Autonomous University of México (UNAM), has created a catalyst for the oil industry.
Currently, they have developed two types of nanocatalysts according to the requirements of Pemex in its process of sulfur removal, from the area of refinement, with which reducing gasoline and diesel to having only 10 parts per million of sulfur has been achieved, as according to international regulation.
This is pointed out by Sergio Fuentes Moyado, head of project and director of CNyN at UNA, located in the northwest state of Baja California. He adds that after three years of research at an experimental level at the Center and pilot tests at the National Institute of Oil, the nanotechnological catalyst counts with a national patent and is ready for tests at a refinery.
CNyN's technology uses molybdenum disulfide and is part of the fifth generation of catalytic converters, although is the first to be conceived since its origin from nanotechnology.
"We look to obtain much more efficient, resistant and cheap catalysts than what we currently can find in the market. That is why, since it design and planning are conceived under the nano concept, which improves some properties of this kind of technologies", Fuentes Moyado highlights.
He explains the process of sulfur removal. "The catalyst eliminates sulfur from the gasoline and diesel molecules, as these are deposited over small arrangements of four to five nanometers and that is where the reaction in presence of hydrogen takes place. So, at the end of the process clean molecules are obtain, that can be used for fuels".
Is important to highlight that the synthesis of the catalyst happened in the Hydrocarbon Processing Laboratory, which was created for this project in the facilities of the CNyN in Baja California.
"Currently we are testing the compound to know if it can be scalated to an industrial level to produce tons instead of kilograms and install the process at a refinery. We have presented a preview of the progress to Pemex and they are very interested in carrying out the test at a refinery. If so, the nanocatalyst would be manufactured in USA, because we don't have a company that can produce them in our country.
"A big infrastructure is required. The design we have made came from the most basic, which is understanding how the molecules bond to the catalyst and how we can force the active sites of the molecules to have more contact with the fluid, being either gasoline or diesel. There is a design involved with the application of knowledge", said the director of CNyN.
The project was funded by the Energy Secretariat (Sener) and the National Counsil of Science and Technology (CONACyT) with more than 66 million of Mexican pesos.
For the creation of the nanocatalyst the Physics and Material Research Institute, the Center of Applied Sciences and Technological Development at UNAM also contributed.
Another important institutions that took part of the project are the University of Veracruz, the Autonomous Metropolitan University, the Autonomous University of Baja Californa, the University of Papaloapan, the University of Texas and the Institute of Catalysts and Environment Research form Lyon, France.
"This is a leader project, but is a collaboration between several institutions. In the last three years we have obtained satisfying results that comply with the requirements at Pemex, given that this institution makes a great effort in generating ultraclean fuels in the refineries", Fuentes Moyado concluded.
Source: Investigación y Desarrollo


text:
7 Nights Best of Greece and Turkey
Although I was born in Zambia, raised in Zimbabwe (two land-locked countries), I am very passionate about travel on the sea. I've cruised extensively on luxury small ships and ocean liners around the world – I look forward to sharing my experiences with you
Cruise Specialist
Price Guide from $3,060 PP
Group Size Max 49 Passengers
Best Time To Go Apr - Oct
Activity Level Easy
Flight Time 3hrs from London / 11hrs from NYC
Explore two countries in one on this 8-day, 7-night small-ship cruise. You'll sail round-trip from Athens, visiting the bucket-list island of Santorini, one of the world's most well-preserved medieval settlements in Rhodes, Bodrum, and the Tomb of Mausolus, Patmos, Mykonos, and more. In between, enjoy BBQ feasts and other delicious freshly prepared meals on board, leap into enticing turquoise waters during swim stops, and soak up the Mediterranean sun as you gaze out at the stunning scenery that surrounds you. Toss in a crew that aims to provide the best in service and hospitality, and you have all the perfect ingredients for an unforgettable trip.
7 nights of sailing on an elegant small-cruise ship
Private arrival and departure airport transfers
Welcome cocktail reception and dinner
Full-board meals
Swim stops
Option walking tours and other excursions
Breakfast and lunch freshly prepared daily
Authentic Greek Night entertainment
Attentive cruise director
Day by Day Itinerary
Day 1 Cape Sounion
After flying into Athens International Airport, you'll be met by our driver for private transfer to the ship with embarkation between 2 and 3 p.m. Settle into your cabin, unpack and get to know the crew, your fellow passengers, and the impressive facilities onboard. We'll depart for Cape Sounion, anchoring beneath the 5th-century BC Temple of Poseidon, which towers over the glistening blue waters of the Aegean Sea. Here underneath this marble monument, a landmark for sailors from ancient times through today, we'll enjoy our welcome cocktails and dinner. The night will be spent at sea as you sail to your first island, Ios.
Day 2 Ios & Santorini
This morning visit one of the most picturesque beaches in all of Greece. With its remote location on Ios Island, Manganari Beach and its crystal-clear blue waters are wonderfully blissful away from the tourist crowds. Returning to the ship, continue to Santorini with its caldera providing one of the world's most dramatic ports. Disembark, taking the cable car to Fira with its beautiful, whitewashed homes set along the cliffs. An optional tour takes you to the ancient city of Akrotiri, buried in ash during the massive 1646 BC volcanic eruption, concluding in the famous village of Oia, known for its glorious sunsets.
Optional Excursion Tour of Akrotiri
Day 3 Rhodes & Simi
This morning we'll arrive in Rhodes, a favorite among history buffs, with Medieval Rhodes Town, a UNESCO-listed site as one of the world's most well-preserved medieval settlements. Stroll the maze of cobbled streets with magnificent Venetian architecture and the Palace of the Grand Masters. An optional tour is available before your vessel continues cruising to nearby Simi Island, with a swim stop along the way. Get our camera ready as we approach the port as the traditional village looks like a painting. After in the late afternoon, you'll have time to discover its Old-World charms and tavernas serving the local delicacy, Simi shrimp.
Day 4 Bodrum & Kos
Cruising on to Bodrum in Turkey, one of the most important cities of the Roman Empire, upon arrival, you can take an optional tour to the ancient city of Halicarnassus, famous for the Tomb of Mausolus, whose name was the origin of the word mausoleum. We'll sail again, this time to Kos, known as the 'Garden of the Aegean'. Located at the edge of the Dodecanese islands, you'll have the afternoon to enjoy the sandy beaches, soaring pam trees, and multiple archaeological sites on your own. There are lots to discover with influences left by the ancient Greeks, Romans, Venetians, and Ottomans.
Optional Excursion Tour of Hailcarnassus
Day 5 Lipsi & Patmos
Departing from Kos, we'll make a stop for a swim and a beach BBQ at Lipsi Island, a pearl in the Dodecanese with dazzling stretches of sand. The afternoon brings you to Patmos, where you can join an optional tour of two UNESCO World Heritage Sites, the Grotto and Monastery of St. John, as well as the medieval town of Chora, the island's historic center. This is the island that inspired St. John to write the Book of Revelations, with the 11th-century fortress/monastery dedicated to the saint. Explore Chora and then enjoy the rest of the day at your leisure.
Optional Excursion Tour of Lipsi
Day 6 Mykonos
Moving on from Patmos, you'll have breakfast while we're anchored in Delos. You can choose to take an optional guided walking tour of this open-air museum with its incredible well-intact ancient buildings and monument dating to the golden age of classical Greece. Marvel at a centuries-old theater, temples, and more before reboarding the ship. On our way to Mykonos Harbor, take advantage of a swim stop and a BBQ lunch on deck. Once on Mykonos, enjoy it at your leisure. Visit the famous windmills or wander through town, exploring one of the museums, before sampling the renowned nightlife.
Optional Excursion Tour of Delos
Day 7 Syros
Cruising toward Syros after breakfast, enjoy another swim stop and a BBQ on deck. We'll arrive at the capital of the Cyclades in the early afternoon, with time for you to discover the port of Ermoupoli, also known as Hermoupolis, home to a vast square with an impressive neoclassical town hall rising above, the Apollo Theatre, and grand Venetian mansions. An optional walking tour is available if you'd like to learn more about the history behind it all. This evening back aboard the ship, the Captain's Farewell Dinner will be held before beginning the overnight sail back to Athens.
Optional Excursion Walking Tour of Ermoupoli
Day 8 Departure
After a week of experiencing some of the best of Greece and Turkey, our trip comes to an end. After breakfast, with time for goodbyes to the crew and your fellow passengers, many of whom have become new friends, disembarkation will be between 9 and 10 a.m. Our driver will bring you back to Athens International Airport for your return trip home or wherever your travels might take you. Of course, our staff is always ready and willing to help should you wish to add a bespoke itinerary.
Want to extend your trip?
If you are looking to extend your stay in Greece or equally visit another European destination on your trip, then please speak to our travel experts as we can create you a bespoke itinerary to suit your needs.
Our Cruise Ships
VARIETY VOYAGER
Cruise in style on the Variety Voyager, a sleek mega-yacht with an attentive crew providing white-glove service and plenty of luxuries for up to 72 passengers in 36 spacious cabins. She offers many ways to get active and relax, with everything from water sports gear to a full spa providing onboard treatments.
Private transfers to and from the airport
Daily breakfast, lunch, and dinner
Welcome cocktail
BBQ feast
Greek night with dancing
Complimentary tea, coffee, and filtered water 24/7
Multiple swim stops
Dedicated cruise manager
Personalized service from expert crew
What's Extra
Return flights to Greece
Port Taxes - will be advised of this amount before confirming the booking
Shore excursions (payable locally)
WiFi (payable locally)
Please select your year of departure.
Apr 15, 2022Apr 22, 2022Apr 29, 2022
May 06, 2022May 13, 2022May 20, 2022May 27, 2022
Jun 03, 2022Jun 10, 2022Jun 17, 2022Jun 24, 2022
Jul 01, 2022Jul 08, 2022Jul 15, 2022Jul 22, 2022Jul 29, 2022
Sep 02, 2022Sep 09, 2022Sep 16, 2022Sep 23, 2022Sep 30, 2022
Oct 07, 2022Oct 14, 2022Oct 21, 2022