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Department of Chemistry ⇨
Prof. Mark Richard Wilson
Researcher ID profile
ORCID profile
Professor in the Department of Chemistry
Telephone: +44 (0) 191 33 42144
Room number: CG139
Member of the Durham Centre for Soft Matter (DCSM)
(email at mark.wilson@durham.ac.uk)
We use classical molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo simulation methods to study problems in soft matter chemistry. We concentrate on materials that are ordered on the nanoscale, including liquid crystals, colloids, polymers, amphiphilic molecules and proteins. A key part of our work involves multiscale simulations of soft matter systems, including developing and testing new coarse-grained models.
Read about our latest simulations at my research group web pages.
Coarse-grained simulations
We are developing new coarse-grained models for soft matter systems.1 Coarse-grained models allow molecular simulation to be carried out over time scales that are not accessible to conventional atomistic simulations. Long time scales allow us to observe self-assembly in solution, study polymers, observe segregation of molecules to an interface, or see formation of complex molecular structures mediated by specific molecular interactions.
Models to understand dynamic allostery in proteins
Allostery is a process by which a molecule binding to one site of a protein alters the activity of the protein at another site. We have developed new models to help understand how protein dynamics can influence allostery. In cases where the protein undergoes no conformational change on binding a small molecule, we demonstrate that that allostery arises as a natural consequence of changes in global low-frequency protein fluctuations on ligand binding.2
Simulation of chromonic liquid crystals
We have recently carried out the first detailed study of the structure and dynamics of a chromonic liquid crystal (edicol - the food dye sunset yellow).3 The simulations show spontaneous self-assembly in water at atomistic detail, and can be used to determine the free energy of association in solution. Sunset yellow is seen to form single molecule stacks with a preference for head-to-tail ordering, which at higher concentrations form liquid crystal phases in water (as shown in the picture above). Our work shows that simulation can be used to understand, predict and control molecular self-assembly with a view to the future use of chromonic materials for applications in self-assembled molecular electronics.
Dynamics in soft solids
We have been using atomistic simulation to study dynamics in molecular solids.4 Our recent work with octafluoronaphthalene and urea inclusion compounds has indicated that its is now possible to look at dynamical processes over tens of ns, and study correlated motion in solids. This provides the possiblity of using simulation to complement and help interpret experimental solid state NMR data, and raises intriguing questions as to whether we can use simulation to help engineer tractable molecular machines for future applications.
Simulation of liquid crystal molecules and calculation of material properties
Molecular simulations provide a way of understanding the structure and dynamics5 of complex materials such as liquid crystals. We have recently used6 atomistic simulation to study the structure of the first low molecular weight biaxial nematic liquid crystal, ODBP-Ph-C7.
We have also been developing techniques to simulate liquid crystal molecules at the atomistic level and predict material properties in liquid crystal phases from simulation. For example, the rotational viscosity determines how quickly a nematic liquid crystal can reorientate in a liquid crystal display; and can be determined from our simulations by monitoring the liquid crystal director in the course of a molecular dynamics simulation.7 To carry out this work, we need accurate representations of intramolecular interactions within a molecule and intermolecular interactions between molecules. This is made possible by a new force field for use in materials chemistry, which we have been developing.8
The picture shows a sequence of time frames showing the slow growth of a biaxial phase from a uniaxial starting point. As the phase grows it develops ferroelectric domains, which are shown colour-coded. Molecules which are blue and red have transverse dipoles pointing in opposite directions.
A snapshot from a molecular dynamics simulation showing the liquid crystal molecule PCH5 in a nematic phase.
Simulation studies of amphiphilic molecules in water
We are interested in the properties of amphiphilic molecules and have used simulation to understand the behaviour of amphiphilic polymers at a water/air interface. The simulations can be used to interpret the results of complementary neutron diffraction studies by calculating neutron reflectivity curves to match with experiment.9
Similar modelling techniques are being used to study lipid - amino acid interactions. Our recent atomistic work in this area seeks to understand how these interactions (specifically the balance of hydrogen bonding and cation-Pi interactions) can be perturbed by small chemical modifications of the amino acid structure. Such studies seek to aid our understanding of binding between proteins and cell membranes.
Snapshots from a simulation study of an amphiphilic polymer at a water-air interface at low surface concentration. The hydrophobic polynorbornene backbone is shown in blue and the hydrophilic poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) grafts are shown in red. The dots represent water molecules. At higher surface concentrations the PEO chains are forced down into the aqueous subphase to form a polymer brush.
Coarse-grained models for the simulation of polymers, dendrimers, liquid crystals and lipids
We have developed new coarse-grained models to study the bulk structure of liquid crystalline polymers and dendrimers10 and are working on "molecular engineering" tools to design molecules to have the desired organisation at the nanoscale. This research is being extended to lipid bilayers and vesicles. An important part of our work has involved developing efficient simulation methods that make use of parallel computers, so we are able to simulate extremely large systems composed of many molecules and take advantage of today's supercomputers.11
The figure shows microphase separation in a liquid crystalline side chain polymer to give polymer-rich and liquid crystal-rich regions. Blue: polymer backbone (methylsiloxane), white: liquid crystal group, red: flexible spacer groups (alkyl chain).
More on Soft Matter Simulations
Read about our latest simulations at my research group web pages
Prasitnok K., and Wilson M. R. A coarse-grained model for polyethylene glycol in bulk water and at a water/air interface. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2013, 15, 17093-1710.
Rodgers T. L., Townsend P. D., Burnell D., Jones M. L., Richards S. A., McLeish T. C. B., Pohl E., Wilson M. R., Cann M. J. Modulation of Global Low-Frequency Motions Underlies Allosteric Regulation: Demonstration in CRP/FNR Family Transcription Factors. PLoS Biol, 2013, 11(9): e1001651.
Chami F. and Wilson M. R. Molecular Order in a Chromonic Liquid Crystal: A Molecular Simulation Study of the Anionic Azo Dye Sunset Yellow. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2010, 132, 7794.
Ilott A. J., Palucha S., Batsanov A. S., Wilson M. R. and Hodgkinson P. Elucidation of Structure and Dynamics in Solid Octafluoronaphthalene from Combined NMR, Diffraction, And Molecular Dynamics Studies. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2010, 132, 5179.
Oganesyan, V. S., Kuprusevicius, E., Gopee, H., Cammidge, A. N., Wilson, M. R. Simulation of EPR spectra directly from molecular dynamics trajectories of a liquid crystal with doped paramagnetic spin probe. Phys. Rev. Lett., 2009, 102, 013005(1)-013005(4).
Pelaez J. and Wilson M. R. Atomistic Simulations of a Thermotropic Biaxial Liquid Crystal. Phys. Rev. Lett., 2006, 97., 267801.
Cheung D. L., Clark S. J, Wilson M. R. Calculation of the rotational viscosity of a nematic liquid crystal. Chem. Phys. Lett., 2002, 356, 140.
Cheung D. L., Clark S. J., Wilson M. R. Parametrization and validation of a force field for liquid-crystal forming molecules. Phys. Rev. E, 2002, 65,051709.
Anderson P. M. and Wilson M. R. Molecular Dynamics Simulations of an Amphiphilic Graft Copolymer at a Water/Air Interface., 2004, J. Chem. Phys, 121, 8503.
Wilson M. R., Ilnytskyi J. M., Stimson L. M., Computer simulations of a liquid crystalline dendrimer in liquid crystalline solvents. J. Chem. Phys., 2003, 119, 3509.
Ilnytskyi J, Wilson M. R.. A domain decomposition molecular dynamics program for the simulation of flexible molecules with an arbitrary topology of Lennard-Jones and/or Gay-Berne sites. Comput. Phys. Comm., 2001, 134, 23.
Earl D. J., M., Wilson M. R. Predictions of molecular chirality and helical twisting powers: A theoretical study. J. Chem. Phys., 2003, 119, 10280.
Read our latest work at our publications page.
Shadpour, Sasan Nemati, Ahlam Salamończyk, Mirosław Prévôt, Marianne E. Liu, Jiao Boyd, Nicola J. , Wilson, Mark R. , Zhu, Chenhui Hegmann, Elda Jákli, Antal I. & Hegmann, Torsten (2020). Missing Link between Helical Nano‐ and Microfilaments in B4 Phase Bent‐Core Liquid Crystals, and Deciphering which Chiral Center Controls the Filament Handedness. Small 16(4): 1905591.
Tasche, Jos , Sabattie, Elise F. D. , Thompson, Richard L. , Campana, Mario & Wilson, Mark R. (2020). Oligomer/polymer blend phase diagram and surface concentration profiles for squalane/polybutadiene: experimental measurements and predictions from SAFT-g Mie and molecular dynamics simulations. Macromolecules 53(7): 2299-2309.
Potter, Thomas D., Walker, Martin & Wilson, Mark R. (2020). Self-assembly and mesophase formation in a non-ionic chromonic liquid crystal: insights from bottom-up and top-down coarse-grained simulation models. Soft Matter 16(41): 9488-9498.
Potter, Thomas D. , Tasche, Jos & Wilson, Mark R. (2019). Assessing the transferability of common top-down and bottom-up coarse-grained molecular models for molecular mixtures. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 21(4): 1912-1927.
Shadpour,Sasan, Nemati,Ahlam, Boyd,Nicola Jane, Li,Lin, Prevot, Marianne Estelle, Wakerlin, Samantha L., Vanegas,Julie P. Salamonczyk, Mirosław, Hegmann, Elda, Zhu,Chenhui Wilson, Mark R., Jakli, Antal I. & Hegmann,Torsten (2019). Heliconical-layered nanocylinders (HLNCs) –hierarchical self-assembly in a unique B4 phase liquid crystal morphology. Materials Horizons 6(5): 959-968.
Mensa-Bonsu, Golda, Wilson, Mark R., Tozer, David J. & Verlet, Jan R. R. (2019). Photoelectron spectroscopy of para-benzoquinone cluster anions. The Journal of Chemical Physics 151(20): 204302.
Catte, Andrea, Wilson, Mark R., Walker, Martin & Oganesyan, Vasily S. (2018). Antimicrobial action of the cationic peptide, chrysophsin-3: a coarse-grained molecular dynamics study. Soft Matter 14(15): 2796-2807.
Catte, Andrea, White, Gaye F., Wilson, Mark R. & Oganesyan, Vasily S. (2018). Direct Prediction of EPR Spectra from Lipid Bilayers: Understanding Structure and Dynamics in Biological Membranes. ChemPhysChem 19(17): 2183-2193.
Kim, Byeong-Cheon, Walker, Martin, Jo, Seong-Yong, Wilson, Mark R., Takezoe, Hideo & Choi, Suk-Won (2018). Effect of terminal chain length on the helical twisting power in achiral bent-core molecules doped in a cholesteric liquid crystal. RSC Advances 8(3): 1292-1295
Lintuvuori, Juho S., Yu, Gary, Walker, Martin & Wilson, Mark R. (2018). Emergent chirality in achiral liquid crystals: insights from molecular simulation models of the behaviour of bent-core mesogens. Liquid Crystals 45(13-15): 1996-2009.
Thind, Romnik, Walker, Martin & Wilson, Mark R. (2018). Molecular simulation studies of cyanine-based chromonic mesogens: spontaneous symmetry breaking to form chiral aggregates and the formation of a novel lamellar structure. Advanced Theory and Simulations 1(10): 1800088.
Boyd, Nicola Jane & Wilson, Mark Richard (2018). Validating an optimized GAFF force field for liquid crystals: TNI predictions for bent-core mesogens and the first atomistic predictions of a dark conglomerate phase. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 20(3): 1485-1496.
Potter, Thomas D., Tasche, Jos, Barrett, Elin L., Walker, Martin & Wilson, Mark R. (2017). Development of new coarse-grained models for chromonic liquid crystals: insights from top-down approaches. Liquid Crystals 44(12-13): 1979-1989.
Jo, Seong-Yong, Kim, Byeong-Cheon, Jeon, Sung-Wook, Bae, Jae-Hyun, Walker, Martin, Wilson, Mark, Choi, Suk-Won & Takezoe, Hideo (2017). Enhancement of the helical twisting power with increasing the terminal chain length of nonchiral bent-core molecules doped in a chiral nematic liquid crystal. RSC Advances 7(4): 1932-1935.
Güryel, S., Walker, M., Geerlings, P., De Proft, F. & Wilson, M. R. (2017). Molecular dynamics simulations of the structure and the morphology of graphene/polymer nanocomposites. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 19: 12959-12969.
Sabattié, Elise, Tasche, Jos, Wilson, Mark Richard, Skoda, Maximilian W. A., Hughes, Arwel V., Lindner, Torsten & Thompson, Richard (2017). Predicting Oligomer/Polymer Compatibility and its Impact on Nanoscale Segregation in Thin Films. Soft Matter 13(19): 3580-3591.
Degiacomi, M.T., Erastova, V. & Wilson, M.R. (2016). Easy creation of polymeric systems for molecular dynamics with Assemble!. Computer Physics Communications 202: 304-309.
Walker, Martin & Wilson, Mark R. (2016). Formation of complex self-assembled aggregates in non-ionic chromonics: dimer and trimer columns, layer structures and spontaneous chirality. Soft Matter 12(41): 8588-8594.
Walker, Martin & Wilson, Mark R. (2016). Simulation insights into the role of antiparallel molecular association in the formation of smectic A phases. Soft Matter 12(43): 8876-8883.
Walker, M. & Wilson, M. R. (2015). A simple model for chromonic aggregation. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 612(1): 117-125.
Townsend, P.D., Rogers, T.L., Pohl, E., Wilson, M.R., McLeish, T.C.B. & Cann, M.J. (2015). Global low-frequency motions in protein allostery: CAP as a model system. Biophysical Reviews 7(2): 175-182.
Boyd, Nicola Jane & Wilson, Mark Richard (2015). Optimization of the GAFF Force Field to Describe Liquid Crystal Molecules: The Path to a Dramatic Improvement in Transition Temperature Predictions. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 17(38): 24851-24865.
Townsend, P.D., Rodgers, T.L., Glover, L.C., Korhonen, H.J., Richards, S.A., Colwell, L.J., Pohl, E., Wilson, M.R., Hodgson, D.R.W., McLeish, T.C.B. & Cann, M.J. (2015). The role of protein-ligand contacts in allosteric regulation of the Escherichia coli Catabolite Activator Protein. Journal of Biological Chemistry 290(36): 22225-22235.
Akinshina, A., Walker, M., Wilson, M. R., Tiddy, G. J. T., Masters, A. J. & Carbone, P. (2015). Thermodynamics of the self-assembly of non-ionic chromonic molecules using atomistic simulations. The case of TP6EO2M in aqueous solution. Soft Matter 11(4): 680-691.
Walker, M., Masters, A. J. & Wilson, M. R. (2014). Self-assembly and mesophase formation in a non-ionic chromonic liquid crystal system: insights from dissipative particle dynamics simulations. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 16(42): 23074-23081.
Prasitnok, Khongvit & Wilson, Mark R. (2013). A coarse-grained model for polyethylene glycol in bulk water and at a water/air interface. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 15(40): 17093-17104.
McLeish, Thomas C. B., Rodgers, T. L. & Wilson, Mark R. (2013). Allostery without conformation change: modelling protein dynamics at multiple scales. Physical Biology 10(5): 056004.
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Steven Simon's sculpture is both a functional series of benches and a text-based intervention on the Great Lawn. Spelling out the word "Place," Simon's benches quietly insert themselves into Montalvo's landscape. Located beneath a grove of trees, the benches serve to stimulate community as young and old gather to sit and relax in the shade or stand, play and clamber on individual letters. PLACE was first created in 2008. Since then it has travelled to diverse venues. Each location and distinct public imbues the work with new meanings and significance.
Starting in October 2016, the piece will be located at Saratoga Library, on loan from Montalvo Arts Center to the City of Saratoga for one year. The installation coincides with the City's 60th anniversary and celebrations of Saratoga as a place.
Five steel benches spelling the word PLACE are cut from 1/2-inch thick steel plate. I wanted to physically handle and hold the ideas I've been deliberating. Literally touch a term. Hold it, lay down on it - in an actual sense, not just metaphorically. The heaviness of the steel, barely portable, not quite permanent, slightly out of place... In this place, I hope to get people to consider the many contexts and purposes of the word. Place has multiple definitions; Place setting, Place identity, Place transition, Place value, sense of Place.


text:
Not the song but the singing; not the object but its making
March 26, 2015 March 26, 2015 editor, RETROactive
March 20th marked the first day of spring.
In our family, we have a tradition of celebrating the event by sitting around a special table setting and observing the moment the sun crosses the celestial equator on its way north along the ecliptic! In the Northern Hemisphere, this is known as the Spring Equinox. We call it Norooz literally translating to "new day." We inherited this tradition from our grandparents and we try to pass it along to our children in hopes of keeping it alive for the times to come.
Haft Seen – The traditional table setting for Norooz which includes seven symbolic items starting with the letter 'S' or 'Seen' in the Persian alphabet (Photo by Alireza Farrokhi).
Similarly, we inherited a traditional doll made by our late grandmother. It is valuable to our family as it reminds us of her and the stories she shared. We make sure to keep it safe until such a time that our children are old enough to care for it.
Both Norooz and the doll are important to me; they are what I would like to preserve for the next generations; they are "my heritage."
While the doll is cherished only in a small circle of people close to me, my family is not alone in celebrating Norooz. The festivities, which usually last 13 days, are celebrated by more than 300 million people worldwide (including three individuals in the Historic Resources Management Branch). You might see it spelled interchangeably as Novruz, Nowrouz, Nooruz, Navruz, Nauroz, Nevruz or Norooz as it marks the New Year in many regions including Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, China, India, Iran, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, Turkey and Uzbekistan.
The doll is an artifact, a tangible object with associative values made by people. It can be physically handed over to the next generations. Norooz, on the other hand, is a cultural practice and an example of intangible heritage.
Doll making traditions have been part of almost every culture. Dolls are more than mere playthings, often representing costumes and other cultural practices. This Doll was made by our late grandmother, demonstrating the continuation of such traditions in our family (Photo by Alireza Farrokhi).
In 2003, recognizing that cultural heritage does not end at monuments and artifacts, and to emphasize the important role that traditions, social practices, rituals, knowledge and skills have in maintaining cultural diversity in the face of growing globalization, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) adopted the Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage.
The Convention defines intangible cultural heritage as:
Practices, representations, expressions, knowledge, skills […] that communities, groups and, in some cases, individuals recognize as part of their cultural heritage. […It] is transmitted from generation to generation, is constantly recreated by communities and groups in response to their environment, their interaction with nature and their history, and provides them with a sense of identity and continuity, thus promoting respect for cultural diversity and human creativity […] Intangible Cultural Heritage is traditional, contemporary and living at the same time; it is inclusive, representative and community-based.
Intangible cultural heritage is manifested in the following domains:
oral traditions and expressions, including language as a vehicle of the intangible cultural heritage;
performing arts;
social practices, rituals and festive events;
knowledge and practices concerning nature and the universe;
traditional craftsmanship.
As of May 2014, the Convention has been ratified by 161 State Parties and 314 elements have been inscribed on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
Norooz promotes the values of peace and solidarity between generations and within families, as well as reconciliation and neighbourliness, thus contributing to cultural diversity and friendship among peoples and various communities. In 2009, Norooz was added to the Representative List.
Haft Seen setting (photo taken by one of our colleagues in Calgary).
Looking out the window, I see snow is melting away; trees are waking up; the ground is breathing. I am witnessing a cosmic event. Norooz is my heritage, what is yours? Please share yours with us in the comments.
And by the way: Happy Spring, Happy Persian New Year!
Written by: Alireza Farrokhi, Head of Conservation and Construction Services, Historic Places Stewardship.
Alireza Farrokhi, historic holidays & celebrations 2 Comments
It's #MuseumWeek!
March 24, 2015 March 24, 2015 erinhoar
Between March 23rd and 29th, museums from all over the world will join together to celebrate culture on Twitter!
#MuseumWeek began in Europe last year and 2015 will be the first time that the cultural event goes global. This event gives museums the opportunity to present their artifacts, secrets and stories to a worldwide audience, while encouraging people to snap and share photos of themselves enjoying a museum visit.
Image courtesy of museumweek2015.org.
7 days, 7 themes, 7 hashtags is the programme focus for this year. Thematic hashtags allow museums to promote and celebrate their individual history and provide tips, while connecting with communities around the world. On Wednesday, #architectureMW will explore the architectural heritage and surroundings of museums. Friday's theme, #familyMW, will provide advice for families or schools planning to visit a museum. This is a fantastic opportunity to gain insight into your favourite museum!
A number of Alberta museums and historic sites have signed up to participate in this online initiative including the Galt Museum, Atlas Coal Mine National Historic Site, Glenbow Museum, Royal Alberta Museum and Royal Tyrrell Museum. A full list of participating museums can be found here.
To find out more, refer to the #MuseumWeek website and follow them on Twitter to join the conversation!
Written by: Erin Hoar, Historic Resources Management Branch Officer.
Erin Hoar, Historic Sites and Museums Branch Leave a comment
Main Streeting in Camrose
March 19, 2015 March 19, 2015 rebeccagoodenough
The Main Street team standing outside the historic Bailey Theatre.
The Alberta Main Street Program members met in Camrose on March 5th for the first quarterly meeting of 2015. After getting an update on the activities of each of the five Main Street communities (Camrose, Lethbridge, Old Strathcona – Edmonton, Olds and Wainwright), we were led on a walking tour of downtown Camrose by the architect and Main Street Camrose member, David Roth. The walking tour concluded with a reconnaissance of the lovingly restored historic Bailey Theatre.
After lunch we were able to connect via Skype with Charles Ketchabaw of the Tale of a Town initiative. Charles and his team are working their way across Canada collecting stories about main streets in advance of the nation's 150th anniversary celebrations in 2017. The Tale of a Town 'story-mobile' will be visiting Alberta in 2016 and Charles is looking for communities interested in contributing to the initiative. Watch this video to learn more.
A few of the Coordinators are off to experience Main Street, America-style at the 2015 National Main Streets conference being held in Atlanta, Georgia. We look forward to hearing all about it at the next group meeting to be held in Wainwright in May.
And speaking of Main Street, we'd like to remind you that you still have until the end of March to enter Heritage Canada the National Trust's I Love My Main Street contest.
Written by: Rebecca Goodenough, Municipal Heritage Services Officer
Alberta Main Street Program, Rebecca Goodenough Leave a comment
"Erin go Bragh" in Alberta
"What is the matter with the Calgary Irishmen?" asked a frustrated correspondent to the Calgary Herald in March 1916. The writer, who identified themself as 'F. Fitzsimmons,' was complaining about the city's apparent lack of enthusiasm for St. Patrick's Day, with no public events planned to celebrate the day. Fitzsimmons conceded that people were likely distracted by the war effort, but lamented that Calgary's leading Irish citizens had gotten "cold feet" and failed to plan any celebrations. "If all Irishmen were like the Calgary bunch" closed the writer, then "'God Save Ireland.'"
The language used by Fitzsimmons in this letter is highly suggestive. By stating that Calgary's Irish leaders had gotten 'cold feet,' he/she was implying that they lacked the courage to publicly celebrate their ethnic heritage. Further, 'God Save Ireland' was an explicitly nationalist slogan, associated with the last words of three Irish revolutionaries executed by the British in 1867. In short, Fitzsimmons was calling for an open celebration of Irish identity that did not shy away from nationalist politics. What Fitzsimmons saw as a simple issue, however, was much more complex for the majority of Irish people in Calgary and across Alberta. The often turbulent politics of the Irish homeland, and the campaign for Irish autonomy from Britain, raised difficult questions about what it meant to be Irish in Canada in the early twentieth century. Did public expressions of Irish identity automatically imply support for Irish nationalist politics, or could the two issues be separated? Could a person support Irish nationalism and still affirm loyalty to Canada and, by extension, the British Empire? What was the best way to frame St. Patrick's Day celebrations in such a way as to affirm devotion to both the Irish homeland and Canada? The stakes of these questions were heightened after 1914, as supporters of Irish nationalism were accused of threatening British imperial unity during a time of war, and again after Easter 1916, when Irish nationalists launched an uprising against British rule in Ireland.
Group portrait of the Edmonton Irish Association (Provincial Archives of Alberta, A16110).
The uneasy relationship between Irish politics, identity and citizenship are reflected in the history of St. Patrick's Day celebrations in early twentieth century Alberta. The general picture that emerges is of an Irish population that celebrated its ethnic heritage in ways that emphasized loyalty to Ireland, Canada and the British Empire. At particular times, such as the Great War (1914-18), this balancing act proved to be too difficult, and St. Patrick's Day celebrations largely disappeared from public view. With the emergence of Ireland as an independent state in the early 1920s, Alberta's Irish once again organized into associations dedicated to celebrating Irish heritage and St .Patrick's Day soon emerged as an important event in the province.
The population boom of the early 1900s set the stage for significant St. Patrick's Day celebrations in both Edmonton and Calgary. The 1916 census enumerated 58,068 Irish people in Alberta, of whom approximately 63% were Canadian-born descendants of Irish immigrants; 25% were American-born descendants of Irish immigrants; and 12% were direct immigrants from Ireland (most of whom had arrived in Canada between 1905 and 1914). The diverse origins of the province's Irish population were reflected in the decorations chosen for the 1908 St. Patrick's Day banquet at St. Mary's Hall in Calgary – the platform was decorated with Union Jacks and American flags, over which hung a silk banner with the phrase "Erin go Bragh" ('Ireland forever'). Toasts were delivered to 'The King,' 'Canada,' 'Alberta,' 'The United States' and 'Ireland's Future,' and the event closed with a rousing rendition of "God Save the King," leaving little doubt that the guests' vision of 'Ireland's Future' involved its continued association with the British Empire.
Similar scenes played out in Edmonton, where St. Patrick's Day events were organized by the highly successful Edmonton Irish Association (EIA). Founded in 1909, the EIA grew to approximately three hundred members by 1911. While primarily a cultural and literary organization, the EIA also sponsored a number of sports teams, including the Irish Canadian Amateur Athletic Association, the Hibernian Football Club and the Irish Canadian Baseball Club. A 1911 profile in the Edmonton Capital stressed that the EIA was "non-political and non-sectarian in character," and had "from the outset avoided the controversial." This emphasis echoed the celebrations in Calgary, and indeed reflected a broader pattern across the Prairie West, where explicitly non-political and non-sectarian Irish associations emerged in the early 1900s.
With the worsening Home Rule crisis in Ireland in 1913-1914, it became increasingly difficult for Alberta's Irish to continue to celebrate their ethnic heritage in an explicitly non-political way. In April 1914, for example, the Edmonton Capital advertised a meeting for those interested in forming an "Imperial British-Irish Association," suggesting that some of the city's Irish were no longer satisfied with the Edmonton Irish Association. The outbreak of World War One added another layer of complexity, as the British government put Ireland's political future on hold for the duration of the war. By the end of 1914, the Edmonton Irish Association had dissolved. Similarly, there is no evidence of any Irish fraternal or benevolent societies in Calgary during the war years. Despite the non-political and non-sectarian nature of pre-war St. Patrick's Day events, there appears to have been little appetite for Irish organization and celebration during the Great War or the subsequent Irish War of Independence (1919-21). The one exception is a short lived organization called the Irish Glee Club, which emerged in Calgary in 1919 to organize small concerts on St. Patrick's Day. These events, however, were on a considerably smaller scale than those held prior to World War One.
With the end of the Irish War of Independence and the emergence of the Irish Free State in 1922, the province's Irish citizens once again organized to publicly celebrate Ireland's patron saint. Potentially awkward questions about how to reconcile devotion to Ireland and loyalty to Canada and/or Britain faded, as Alberta's Irish honoured both Irish independence and service to Canada during the Great War. At the 1924 St. Patrick's Day banquet, for example, the St. Patrick's Society of Calgary celebrated Irish independence, but placed equal if not greater emphasis on Irish service, "loyalty and allegiance" to Canada during the Great War. The evening's keynote speaker refused to take a political stance on the divisive civil war in Ireland, commenting only that "the Irish had settled the matter for themselves," and that whether it had been settled "rightly or wrongly" was irrelevant to him as a Canadian. In place of politics, the new St. Patrick's Society focused on the celebration of Irish folk culture, arts and crafts. A similar situation emerged in Edmonton, with the founding of the new St. Patrick's Society of Edmonton in 1927. Like its Calgary counterpart, the society emphasized culture and avoided politics – a safely depoliticized way to honour Ireland. By the mid-1920s, Alberta's Irish had found a comfortable balance between celebrating their Irish heritage and their contributions to Canadian growth and development.
The history of St. Patrick's Day celebrations in Alberta thus yields significant insight into the province's early Irish community. St. Patrick's Day events represented an important point of intersection between the ethnic community and the rest of the population. It was a holiday intimately associated with Ireland, but widely observed by mainstream society – as such, it offered Irish organizations the opportunity to represent their heritage and their community's values to a wide and receptive audience. The nature of those celebrations (or the absence of any organized events) is a reflection of what image Irish community leaders wanted to project to the larger population. At times, the tense situation in Ireland complicated those efforts and made it difficult for Alberta's Irish to publicly embrace and celebrate their ethnic heritage. By the 1920s, such concerns had faded and St. Patrick's Day celebrations flourished once again.
Written by: Allan Rowe, Historic Places Research Officer.
Cronin, Mike, and Daryl Adair. The Wearing of the Green: A History of St. Patrick's Day. London & New York: Routledge, 2001.
Alberta's history, Allan Rowe, historic holidays & celebrations First World War 6 Comments
Alberta's First Archaeological Permit: The Nottingham House Trading Post
March 12, 2015 March 12, 2015 colleenhaukaas
In 1973, the Government of Alberta assumed a central role in the management of archaeological research. In the 42 years since then, the Archaeological Survey at Alberta Culture and Tourism has been busy. More than 9,000 archaeological research permits have been issued and as a result, archaeologists have discovered over 40,000 archaeological sites in Alberta.
So where did it all begin? The first archaeological research permit in the province was issued to Karlis Karklins in 1973 by Alberta Culture, Youth, and Recreation. The permit was for his research at Nottingham House, a Hudson's Bay Company trading post near Fort Chipewyan, as a part of the Western Fur Trade Research Programme. The programme was initiated by Parks Canada in 1968 to explore the history and archaeology of the fur trade in the Athabasca region. As part of that project, Karklins began researching Nottingham House in the early 1970s.
Historical Setting
Nottingham House was a fur trade post established by the Hudson's Bay Company (HBC) in 1802. The HBC hoped to compete with the North West Company (NWC), who held a 20 year monopoly on the famed fur-rich areas of the Athabasca region. Peter Fidler, an experienced HBC surveyor, along with his Swampy Cree wife, Mary, their children and 17 other explorers arrived at Fort Chipewyan in late 1802 to set up the new trading post, Nottingham House. In the style of competitive exploration that characterized the fur trade in western Canada, Nottingham House was erected less than a mile from Fort Chipewyan, a successful NWC trading post established in 1788.
Despite the best intentions of the HBC and Fidler's crew, Nottingham House was not a successful trading post. The NWC at Fort Chipewyan took every chance to sabotage trade at Nottingham House, even going so far as to burn HBC canoes and to have individuals that were known to trade with the HBC beaten. In their first year, the HBC at Nottingham House generated a return of only six bundles of fur, which did not come close to covering the costs of their expedition. Fidler and his company remained at Nottingham House for four years, during which they struggled with dwindling trade, starvation and increasingly aggressive attacks from the NWC. On June 9, 1806, Nottingham House was abandoned and the HBC traders moved on to other posts.
The Nottingham House archaeological site was excavated by Karklins, an employee of the National Historic Parks and Sites Branch of Parks Canada during the 1970s. Karklins and seven others began their first 14-week excavation season in June 1972, returning for a lengthy field season each summer until 1977.
The archaeological crew unearthed just over 1,072 square meters of the site, revealing the remains of several buildings and work areas. The main house, measuring about 15 meters by 5 meters, was made up of four rooms with fireplaces, storage pits and a cellar. The site surrounding the main house included a storehouse, a provisions shed, a garden and several outdoor working areas, storage pits and trash pits. The structures were made from the locally-available wood, stones and clay. Most of the structures showed evidence of burning, which suggests that the NWC may have burned the camp after the HBC abandoned it in 1806.
The archaeology crew also uncovered 5,707 complete artifacts and a further 1,006 broken fragments of artifacts during their field seasons. The artifacts are typical of a fur trade post from that era. Most artifacts were personal items that would have been used by those living at the post or were kept as items for trading. These included beads, combs, mirrors, books and glass and ceramic containers.
The other artifacts reflect what would be needed to construct and maintain a fur trade post in undeveloped territory in 19th century Boreal Forest Alberta, such as tools and hardware (axes, nails and saws), hunting and fishing gear (gun parts and ammunition) and household items (cookware, furniture and sewing supplies). The historical record suggests that the HBC crew relied on a protein-rich diet, consisting mostly of animals and birds such as moose, bison, caribou, dog/wolf, snowshoe hare, swans, ducks and cranes that were traded from the local Aboriginal population. Other animals identified from the faunal remains included Arctic fox, muskrat, marten, wolverine and lynx, all of which were hunted for their furs and may have been eaten as well. The crew was also able to fish in Lake Athabasca and grow potatoes and turnips in their gardens.
Examples of gun parts and accessories that were found by Karklins at the Nottingham House archaeological site.
Karklins' research in the 1970s served to build a better understanding of the economy and material culture of the Nottingham House fur trade post. The site has not been excavated by archaeologists since the 1970s, but Karklins' research has proved valuable for other archaeologists and historians studying the fur trade in western Canada, and especially in the Athabasca region of Alberta. The archaeological site of Nottingham House remains protected by the Historical Resources Act as an Alberta Significant Archaeological Site.
References and Figures: Karklins, K. (1979). Nottingham House: The Hudson's Bay Company in Athabasca, 1802-1806 (Doctoral dissertation, University of Idaho).
Written by: Colleen Haukaas, Archaeological Permits & Digital Information Coordinator.
Archaeological Survey Section, archaeology, historic resources of Alberta, Unsorted Leave a comment
Report A Find
March 10, 2015 March 10, 2015 courtneylakevold
Have you ever discovered a projectile point, stone tool, ceramic, bone or other archaeological artifact? If so, we want to hear from you!
A variety of artifacts typically found in Alberta. Photo credit: Todd Kristensen.
Archaeological artifacts may be exposed by natural events (flooding, freeze/thaw cycles or tree throws) or human modification to a landscape (agriculture, recreation activities or development). As explained in a previous post, Alberta is Rich in Archaeology, archaeologists working in the province discover, or revisit, sites during the course of Historical Resource Impact Assessments. However, there are large stretches of the province that are not subject to Historical Resource Impact Assessments such as previously cultivated areas or areas that do not have development projects on them. This doesn't mean there are not archaeology sites there. Often, people will discover archaeological artifacts and sites when they are out hiking, fishing, geocaching, working or cultivating their fields. This can include arrowheads or other stone tools, bones, ceramics or tipi rings and other stone features. So, what can people do when they make these discoveries? They can Report A Find!
Bone artifact from a "Stones and Bones" event in Coaldale. Photo credit: Royal Alberta Museum.
The Archaeological Survey has set up a webpage where people can report their discoveries. You can get an expert opinion on your find and, who knows, possibly be credited with recording a new archaeological site! Recording this information is a big step in helping to preserve and protect Alberta's historical resources. But, please remember that if you observe an artifact in your travels, the best practice is to leave it where you found it. Archaeological sites are protected under Alberta's Historic Resources Act, regardless of where they were found. Removing an artifact from its original context disrupts the integrity of the site and may hinder efforts to further understand the significance of the object. You just need to provide us with a photo of your find and the location it was found, either by providing geographic coordinates or plotting the location on a map. Your find will be reported to staff at the Archaeological Survey and they will follow up with you and possibly ask for additional information. Staff will confirm if the site is already known or if the find warrants a new site designation!
Medicine Wheel with outer rings and a central cairn. Photo credit: Royal Alberta Museum.
Reporting finds can provide valuable information that helps the staff at the Archaeological Survey manage, protect and preserve archaeological resources in Alberta. We can't wait to hear about your discoveries!
Written by: Courtney Lakevold, Archaeological Information Coordinator.
Archaeological Survey Section, archaeology, Courtney Lakevold 6 Comments
Where is Rock Creek's missing rock?
March 5, 2015 March 4, 2015 editor, RETROactive
Introducing a guest blog post from Monica Field, one of our colleagues at Historic Sites and Museums.
My story begins in the spring of 2013, when I received a phone call from Hugh Dempsey. He, writing an article for Alberta History, hoped to learn the whereabouts of a rock, a particular rock … a missing rock.
Why did he call me? If you could see my house, my yard, my desk, my office and the view outside my window, you might understand. I work at the Frank Slide Interpretive Centre, and live in a landscape surrounded by rocks of all shapes and sizes. Some follow me. Many, found hither and yon, have fallen into my pockets and been liberated within my office. Others have invaded my home. There, a glacial erratic—it's a 4,000 kg boulder—anchors my living room to the rocky edge of Rock Creek, a tributary of the Crowsnest River.
I laughed when Hugh told me the story behind the article he was writing. Why? The tale was too unbelievable to be true. But amid its far-fetched elements, there were many profoundly compelling components and juicy aspects of alluring intrigue. I was mesmerized. Within seconds, I was hooked.
If you wish to read the full article, you'll find it in the summer, 2013 edition of Alberta History. Look for "Count di Castiglione in the West." Here's a synopsis:
In 1863, Count Henri Verasis di Castiglione was sent by the King of Italy to explore North America and bring back exotic specimens for a zoo. The Royal Italian Expedition, after traversing the Porcupine Hills, camped at the mouth of Rock Creek near the stream's confluence with the Crowsnest River. There, not far from Lundbreck Falls, Castiglione and Major Ezeo di Vecchi climbed a nearby ridge and carved their names, the date, and some other information on a slab of sandstone (two feet wide by two and a half feet long).
This was the sandstone slab sought by Dempsey.
Dempsey, following the captivating story of Castiglione, had been trailing the Italian count for more than 40 years. He knew that in 1941, three Smith brothers from Lundbreck had found the inscribed sandstone slab. (Back in 1956 a local writer—and a former neighbor of mine—had heard the story and got the Smith "boys" to take her to the rock. She could read the names and date, but was puzzled over the inscription, which had weathered. No one from the local scene seemed to know more).
Armed with Dempsey's insights and a picture of the missing rock, I contacted numerous people in an attempt to see if anyone knew of the Smith boys. I also tried to determine if the local writer—who is no longer living—had left insightful notes. I spent hours looking at rocks while exploring the ridges near the mouth of Rock Creek, but struck out on all counts. Castiglione's inscribed rock seemed to have vanished.
Then I hit pay dirt. It happened when I stopped to talk with an elderly landowner, a man living in close proximity to the missing rock's described resting place. He told me he'd found the rock years ago and, believing it to be a tombstone, taken it home. Later, regretting his actions, he returned the rock to the place where he'd found it … on a south-facing hillside amid scattered limber pines.
A limber pine, covered in hoar frost, grows incongruously from thrust-faulted sandstone near the mouth of Rock Creek, in close proximity to the last known resting place of Count Castiglione's missing rock (Photo by David McIntyre).
Years passed until one day, in the early 1980s, employees from the Nikka Yuko Japanese Garden in Lethbridge were granted permission from the landowner to excavate limber pines from the same sandstone ridge. When the landowner, returning to examine the site of the tree excavations, looked for the inscribed "tombstone," he discovered it was gone. (This observation was made roughly three decades ago).
Fast-forward to 2013. I, curious, contacted the Japanese Gardens to see if I could learn more. I received a response indicating that the missing rock couldn't possibly be in the Japanese Gardens because their rocks had been collected from an area farther west.
I wrote back indicating that, while I knew the bulk of the Japanese Gardens rocks had come from other locations, it seemed likely this particular rock, unusual due to its inscription, could have been collected at the time the Rock Creek limber pines were excavated.
I haven't found time to visit the Japanese Gardens to see if I might learn more, but I'm mindful that a good sleuth leaves no stone unturned.
The Japanese Gardens are beautiful and well worth a visit. Perhaps, too, the gardens are the key to an elusive sandstone mystery?
My thought: The answer is out there …
Written by: Monica Field, Manager of the Frank Slide Interpretive Centre.
Alberta's history, Historic Sites and Museums Branch 2 Comments

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
About Vista
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Palos Verdes Estates is a city, incorporated in 1939, in Los Angeles County, on the Palos Verdes Peninsula. The city was master planned by the noted American landscape architect and planner Frederick Law Olmsted, Jr. The city is located along the Southern California coastline of the Pacific Ocean. There are several accessible beaches, although most of the predominantly rocky shoreline is marked by high cliffs. Other significant features of the city are the scenic Palos Verdes Golf Club, a challenging 18-hole golf course and country club, the Palos Verdes Tennis Club and the Palos Verdes Beach Club. These facilities are restricted for recreational use by city resident-members and guests and are centrally located within the city. Another popular city landmark atop Palos Verdes Estates is the La Venta Inn. Built in 1923, La Venta Inn was the first known building structure on the Palos Verdes Peninsula. Architects Walter and Pierpont Davis designed the building and the famous landscape architects, the Olmstead brothers, designed its gardens. La Venta Inn has spectacular views of the Southern California coastline.
The city is primarily a high-end residential location, with no traffic lights, and relatively limited commercial areas found in Malaga Cove Plaza and Lunada Bay. One of Southern California's most exclusive and expensive neighborhoods, Palos Verdes Estates' aesthetics and architecture are protected by an Art Jury, a non-governmental organization which must approve any exterior alteration to any building, fence, sidewalk, or other structure. For example, most residences and business buildings within the city limits have uniform Mediterranean red ceramic tile roofs and often feature architecture with column and arch motifs, resembling European coastal communities.
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Based on information from California Regional Multiple Listing Service, Inc. as of . This information is for your personal, non-commercial use and may not be used for any purpose other than to identify prospective properties you may be interested in purchasing. Display of MLS data is usually deemed reliable but is NOT guaranteed accurate by the MLS. Buyers are responsible for verifying the accuracy of all information and should investigate the data themselves or retain appropriate professionals. Information from sources other than the Listing Agent may have been included in the MLS data. Unless otherwise specified in writing, Broker/Agent has not and will not verify any information obtained from other sources. The Broker/Agent providing the information contained herein may or may not have been the Listing and/or Selling Agent.
2501 N. Sepulveda Boulevard, 2nd Fl, Manhattan Beach, CA 90266
The listing information set forth on this site is based upon information which we consider reliable, but because it has been supplied by third parties to our franchisees (who in turn supplied it to us), we cannot represent that it is accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. The offerings are subject to errors, omissions, changes, including price, or withdrawal without notice. All dimensions are approximate and have not been verified by the selling party and cannot be verified by Sotheby's International Realty Affiliates LLC. It is recommended that you hire a professional in the business of determining dimensions, such as an appraiser, architect or civil engineer, to determine such information. Sotheby's International Realty ® and the Sotheby's International Realty Logo are service marks licensed to Sotheby's International Realty Affiliates LLC and used with permission. Vista Realty, Inc. fully supports the principles of the Fair Housing Act and the Equal Opportunity Act. Each franchise is independently owned and operated. Any services or products provided by independently owned and operated franchisees are not provided by, affiliated with or related to Sotheby's International Realty Affiliates LLC nor any of its affiliated companies. © 2022 Vista Realty, Inc. All rights reserved. DRE# 01922362
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text:
package org.protempa.backend.dsb.relationaldb;

/**
 * Thrown when no SQL generator was found that is compatible with the database
 * and available drivers.
 *
 * @author Andrew Post
 */
public class NoCompatibleSQLGeneratorException extends Exception {

    /**
     * Constructs a new exception with null as its detail message.
     */
    public NoCompatibleSQLGeneratorException() {
    }

    /**
     * Constructs a new exception with the specified cause and a detail message
     * of (cause==null ? null : cause.toString()) (which typically contains the
     * class and detail message of cause).
     *
     * @param cause the cause. May be null if the cause is
     * nonexistent or unknown.
     */
    public NoCompatibleSQLGeneratorException(Throwable cause) {
        super(cause);
    }

    /**
     * Constructs a new exception with the specified detail message and cause.
     *
     * @param message the detail message.
     * @param cause the cause. May be null if the cause is
     * nonexistent or unknown.
     */
    public NoCompatibleSQLGeneratorException(String message, Throwable cause) {
        super(message, cause);
    }

    /**
     * Constructs a new exception with the specified detail message.
     *
     * @param message the detail message.
     */
    public NoCompatibleSQLGeneratorException(String message) {
        super(message);
    }

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Heading to Atlantic City this weekend for the Lynn Academy Feis or Milwaukee for the Milwaukee Feis and McMenamin Academy Feis? How about New York for the Feis at the Falls or California for the Comortas an Chosta Oir? Massachusetts for the McInerney School Feis? Or maybe Delaware for the Irish Culture Club of Delaware Feis?
The beat will get your feet ready to shuffle, er treble.
A perfect song to stretch to.
You'll never be lonely when there's music to dance to.
Take a minute to look around and absorb all the awesome energy at the feis.


text:
Home » Landlord Tenant Information, News Releases, OCP » RELEASE: STATE PROVIDES GUIDANCE FOR HOMEOWNERS AND RENTERS
RELEASE: STATE PROVIDES GUIDANCE FOR HOMEOWNERS AND RENTERS
Posted on Apr 1, 2020 in Landlord Tenant Information, News Releases, OCP
OFFICE OF CONSUMER PROTECTION
DAVID Y. IGE
CATHERINE P. AWAKUNI COLÓN
STEPHEN H. LEVINS
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR, OFFICE OF CONSUMER PROTECTION
STATE PROVIDES GUIDANCE FOR HOMEOWNERS AND RENTERS
HONOLULU – The Office of Consumer Protection (OCP) is providing answers to the following Frequently Asked Questions (FAQS) to assist homeowners and renters and with inquiries regarding the Landlord-Tenant code.
This FAQ along with more information regarding the Hawai'i Landlord-Tenant code is available at https://cca.hawaii.gov/ocp/landlordtenant/.
Landlord Tenant FAQs
Governor David Ige's recent emergency proclamations concerning the coronavirus invoked special legal requirements applicable to Landlords and Tenants in Hawai'i.
The Office of Consumer Protection has created FAQs pertaining to how these provisions impact their legal relationship. The guidance provided is current as of March 31, 2020 and may be subject to change per actions taken at the state and/or federal level.
I'm current on my rent, but my Landlord has informed me that I must vacate; can they do this?
No. Unless there is a material breach of the lease or the premises are unfit for occupancy, a Landlord cannot currently require you to move. Governor David Ige's State of Emergency Proclamation(s) automatically activates the provisions of section 127A-30(2) of the Hawaii Revised Statutes, which states, that "no Landlord shall terminate any tenancy for a residential dwelling unit in the area that is the subject of the proclamation…except for a breach of a material term of a rental agreement or lease, or if the unit is unfit for occupancy".
How long will the special provisions of section 127A-30(2) remain in effect?
A state of emergency terminates automatically sixty days after the issuance of a proclamation of a state of emergency or by a separate proclamation of the governor, whichever occurs first. The date of termination may be extended by a new proclamation.
Do I still have to pay my rent?
Yes. You are still legally obligated to pay your rent.
You should inform your Landlord if you are unable to pay your rent and explain why. Renters are advised to contact their landlords as soon as they can to talk through delayed or partial payment options.
Can the Landlord evict me if I don't pay my rent?
Currently, the Hawaii Judiciary has issued several orders that impact the ability of Landlords and their agents to use legal process to evict a Tenant for non-payment of rent. The Judiciary has stated that legal proceedings relating to summary possession or eviction have been postponed to at least April 30, 2020. What this means is that absent extraordinary circumstances, no eviction orders will be issued until at least after April 30, 2020.
I have already been served with an eviction notice; can I be evicted?
If the eviction notice was validly issued by the court you may be subject to an eviction, however, the Sheriff's Division of the Department of Public Safety, which often assists Landlords with the lawful removal of Tenants and their possessions, has stated that it will not be assisting anyone in the eviction process until further notice.
What if I have a Tenant who is dangerous, or is engaging in illegal activity?
Under these circumstances, a Landlord may go to court to seek relief, including petitioning the court for an order allowing for the lawful removal of the Tenant.
How do I go to court to try to get a Temporary Restraining Order (TRO)?
Petitions for Temporary Restraining Orders may be filed at the State District Court Courthouse.
Please see the following link for information related to the district court in your jurisdiction: https://cca.hawaii.gov/ocp/files/2020/03/Courthouses-Info-3.30.2020.pdf
Are the provisions of the Landlord Tenant Code still in effect?
Thus far, the Landlord Tenant Code has not been suspended by any of the Proclamations issued by the Governor.
Can a Landlord raise my rent?
No. Pursuant to section 127A-30 of the Hawaii Revised Statutes a Landlord is prohibited from increasing rent during the period of the state of emergency declared by the Governor.
Is a notice to increase rent before the issuance of the Proclamation still valid?
In the case of a residential dwelling unit, if rent increases were contained in a written instrument, such as, a lease, that was signed by the Tenant prior to the Proclamation, the increases may take place pursuant to the written instrument.
Where can I find more information about Hawaii's Landlord Tenant code?
More information is available at https://cca.hawaii.gov/ocp/landlordtenant.
What if my rental is subject to a federal housing program?
These rentals are subject to federal jurisdiction.
Until July 26, 2020, property owners are prohibited from filing for eviction against or charging any fees for unpaid rent and fees to a tenant in properties with federally guaranteed loans or participating in federal housing programs. Property owners must also issue a notice to tenants to vacate 30 days before an eviction and the notice to vacate cannot be issued during this 120-day period.
This protection covers properties that receive federal subsidies such as public housing, Section 8 assistance, USDA rural housing programs, and Low Income Housing Tax Credits, as well as properties that have a mortgage issued or guaranteed by a federal agency (including FHA and USDA) or Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac.
Additionally, owners of multifamily buildings with federal loans in forbearance may not evict tenants for unpaid rent or charge late fees or penalties until the loan exits forbearance.
Renters seeking information on whether they are covered by the moratorium should contact Legal Aid Society of Hawaii or a HUD approved housing counselor. You can find the nearest housing counselor here https://www.consumerfinance.gov/find-a-housing-counselor/ or by calling (800) 569-4287.
Who can I contact if I have questions about the Landlord Tenant Code?
The public can call the Office of Consumer Protection's Landlord-Tenant Information Center at 808-586-2634. The line is open from 8:00 a.m. – 12 noon Monday through Friday, except State holidays.
William Nhieu
DCCA investigates allegations of misconduct by licensed or registered professionals and entities, as well as allegations of unlicensed or unregistered activity that may be occurring in the State.
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Baltimore Sun writer Gus Sentementes has dug up more Apple patents pertaining to 3D technology and Apple's multi-touch user interface. The patent application device drawings show a flat iPhone like interface device with additional buttons and sensors on its primary face.
While a home button is present in the center lower region on the upper region we find both an optical sensor and a proximity sensor. A speaker sits along side those. An accelerometer and microphone flanks the home button at the bottom.
You can check out Gus' article here for a picture. He did a good job of digging up the background on the patent itself, which belongs to three French Apple employees.
It seems clear that Apple intends utilize motion and optical sensor-based user interface technology with its next revolutionary product. We saw an example of this in our report that linked to a video and we are seeing more and more details pour out on its upcoming tablet-like computer.
What's exciting about this is when we wrote about the Mac touch product concept more than a year ago we talked about such a handheld device being great for field workers…of which the AEC (architecture/engineering/construction) market is a excellent example. Having a tablet computer wherein you can easily rotate BIM models or 3D models of buildings in the field using your body and head would absolutely rock! Apple intends to make more and better use of our bodies for future handheld devices as well as our voices (note the microphone in this patent!). This is all very exciting stuff.


Page builders are a mainstay of the WordPress economy. WordPress is designed to be user-friendly, but the complexity of the underlying theme framework puts the creation of custom page layouts beyond the reach of non-developers. Page builders allow people who can't code to build unique page layouts with a graphical drag-and-drop interface.
Gutenberg is a brand-new block-based editor for WordPress. Gutenberg, which was merged with core in 5.0, allows WordPress users to build pages from blocks, each of which encapsulates a useful page element. Page builders such as Divi, Beaver Builder, and Visual Composer provide similar functionality. Will there still be a place for these third-party page builders when Gutenberg is installed on every new WordPress site?
The short answer is yes, at least for now.
A large proportion of the market for page builders is made up of freelancers, small businesses, and others that want more control over WordPress but don't want to pay for a custom theme or developer time. It's likely that Gutenberg is going to provide everything that this market requires.
When I discussed this issue with WordPress professionals in the early days of Gutenberg development, they often respond like this: "Well, Gutenberg is great, but can it do this?", where this is some functionality that Gutenberg doesn't have and page builders do. Multi-column layouts are a prime example: premium page builders typically make it very easy to build layouts with multiple columns.
But, of course, multi-column layouts with nested blocks were quickly added to Gutenberg, and that's likely to be the case with any feature that's useful to users.
Gutenberg will quickly gain feature parity with page builders because of the huge number of developers involved in the WordPress community. Gutenberg itself is an open-source project, which means any developer can scratch an itch by submitting a pull request. That will give Gutenberg a momentum that proprietary page builders simply can't match.
Additionally, Gutenberg will be installed on every new and updated WordPress site. WordPress theme and plugin developers will be forced to support Gutenberg and to add Gutenberg-compatible features. They can't afford to ignore Gutenberg. The cost of ignoring other page builders is minimal. In fact, page builder developers themselves can't afford to ignore Gutenberg — they will have to make their plugins compatible with Gutenberg too.
Gutenberg's developers took a particular approach the produced a particular UX. That approach won't suit everyone, and there is room, in the short term, at least, for plugins that take a different tack. It is possible that page builder plugins focused on the needs of WordPress professionals will find a niche audience.
I'm not brave enough to make a firm prediction about what will happen to page builders over the next few years, but I am willing to say that the business model for page builders looks less rosy than a couple of years ago.
Graeme is a writer and content marketer at Nexcess who has a knack for making tech-heavy topics interesting and engaging to all readers. His articles have been featured on top publications across the net, TechCrunch to TemplateMonster. For more content, visit the Nexcess blog and give them a follow at @nexcess.
The post Do WordPress Page Builders Have A Future In Gutenberg's World? appeared first on Torque.


text:
Chřástal příčkovaný (Gallirallus torquatus) je pták z čeledi chřástalovití (Rallidae). Vyskytuje se v oblasti deštných pralesů v Indonésii a na Filipínách.

Poddruhy
 poddruh Gallirallus torquatus celebensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1832)
 poddruh Gallirallus torquatus kuehni (Rothschild, 1902)
 poddruh Gallirallus torquatus saturatus (Sclater, 1880)
 poddruh Gallirallus torquatus sulcirostris (Wallace, 1863)
 poddruh Gallirallus torquatus torquatus (Linnaeus, 1766)

Galerie

Reference

Externí odkazy

Chřástalovití

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Mark your calendars! The Cheyney University & Jonesway Driving Solutions CDL program is set to start on November 5th! Gain hands-on experience and training with two-week courses and take advantage of networking and possible employment opportunities! Submit a CDL program application and a completed physical form by November 1st to be eligible for a 50% discount. A full payment of $1500 must be submitted prior to the start of the first class. Otherwise, admission is accepted on a rolling basis and all paperwork as well as a full payment of $3000 is required before the start of your class session.


The Scheme in Python series has been completed! Since there are still a few readers of this blog and I haven't yet setup domain forwarding, I'll post the links page here.
The Scheme in Python project is a port of the Scheme in Scheme project. The goal is to implement a small subset of Scheme as an interpreter written in Python.
There are a number of goals for this project. First, implementing Scheme in Scheme allowed us to "cheat" a bit by having access to the Scheme reader and data structures. Using Python as the implementation language will force us to code the reader by hand and create new data structures where there isn't a one-to-one mapping from Scheme to Python.
There are also two auxiliary goals to this project. Using Python should make this more accessible to programmers who are interested in language development, but are unfamiliar with Scheme. Also I'm using this project as a way to familiarize myself with branching and merging in git, so each post will correspond to a branch in the repository.
All the code for this project will be hosted on GitHub. The code is licensed under a BSD license if you are interested in forking it for any reason.
This series will focus on building a very simple interpreter for the purpose of learning the steps involved in building one. For this reason there will be no/very little error checking or optimization. This port will be slightly more complicated than Scheme in Scheme so if you are interested in an even simpler interpreter look here.
* Most implementations of Scheme in Python use regular expressions in the reader. I chose to write a parser by hand so I could explain some of the details of parsing. As this is an educational exercise I think this is appropriate.
Simple Schemes written by Peter Norvig.
I haven't got the chance to look at Psyche or pyscheme, but you may be interested in them as well.
Chapter 4 onward covers designing and implementing a number of interpreters and was the inspiration for this interpreter.
Great paper on building a Scheme compiler from the ground up. Each step is simple and results in a fully working compiler.
The blog series that inspired and guided the development of the original Lispy. Even if you don't know C (I didn't at the time) you will still be able to follow along and construct your own Scheme. Peter's coding style is easy and pleasant to read and he mentions tips for going in different directions for your own implementations.
An interesting implementation of Scheme using a Higher-Order Abstract Syntax representation. This paper, An Incremental Approach to Compiler Construction and SICP were the primary motivating forces behind my interest in PL design and implementation. The author, Eli Barzilay, has many other interesting papers at his site.
A series detailing the development of Chai (what appears to be a Scheme-like language). It is well written and currently in development. I'll post more information when it's available.
Another series that is just beginning about writing a bytecode interpreter. It appears to be put on hold as of April 2011.
An implementation of McCarthy's original Lisp in Scheme.
Great book. Contains code for 11 interpreters and 2 compilers. Source code from the book available here.
I recently started a new series called Scheme in Python mainly to teach myself a bit about branching and merging in git. This post is simply a reference for some of the git commands I regularly use, as well as some explanation about branching and merging.
I'll start with some of the most basic git commands for creating a repo, adding files and commiting changes to those files.
To create a new repo, first create a new directory and name it whatever you like. Then from the command line cd into that directory and use the following command.
This will create a new repo in that directory. If you already had files in that directory, the git init command will not automatically add those files to the repo. To add a file use the add command.
Where filename is the name of the file you want to add. However this is not enough to add the file to the repo, it simply stages the file to be added in the next commit. To commit your changes to the repo you need to use the commit command.
The -m option allows you to write a commit message that describes the changes you made. If this option is not present the default editor will be opened for you to write a commit message, they are mandatory. The -a tells git to commit all the changes from every file. If you only want to commit changes from a specific file, you can specify that file instead of -a.
So far all of the changes and commits have been done locally. If you want to upload your changes to a server such as github you would use the push command. However before you can do this you need to tell git where that remote repository is. Your source code hosting site should give you instructions on how to do this. Here's an example of the command I needed to run to upload to github for Scheme in Python.
You will only need to do this once. Afterward you can just use the push command.
This will upload the master branch to the server. If you don't do any branching master will be the only branch you have.
Creating a new branch in git is simple, just use the branch command.
Here a new branch was created and named v0.01. You could choose any name you want for the branch, though I'm not sure exactly what characters are allowed.
Even though the v0.01 branch was created, git does not automatically switch you into it. To find out what branch you are in you can use the branch command without any other arguments.
The branch name with the asterisk(*) next to it is the branch you are currently in. To change to another branch use the checkout command.
This changes the current branch to v0.01, to verify this you can use the branch command again.
When you make changes and commit them you will be commiting to the current branch (in this instance the v0.01 branch). If you make some changes, commit them then switch back to the master branch, you'll find that the commits are not there.
To upload the new branch to the server you need to tell the push command which branch you want to push. So for the v0.01 branch you would need to do this.
To push changes made in multiple branches you can leave off the branch at the end of the push command.
git push origin will push all changes on the local branches that have matching remote branches at origin.
To merge one branch into another first checkout the branch that you want to merge into. For this example we'll merge the v0.01 branch into master. So first we checkout the master branch then do a merge command.
* That's all for now, but I'll come back and add commands for merging and how to resolve conflicts once I get the chance to use those features. This page will likely be updated a number of times as I learn more about git.
The most difficult choice for someone who is new to programming is what language to learn.
You are in the worst position to choose for yourself because you don't have enough knowledge yet to assess the pros and cons.
If you ask people that do know, you will get tons of different responses.
There are enough learning materials.
The community is active and helpful to newcomers.
The language is difficult enough to challenge you, but easy enough not to discourage you.
Over the course of the next few years you will learn many languages (if you plan on being any good).
You're going to do it wrong in the beginning no matter what language you pick.
The most important thing when learning to program is staying motivated. The easiest way to stay motivated is to work on projects that you think are cool and actually complete them. If you pick a language that is too hard, you are likely to give up in frustration. Nothing is stopping you from learning the harder languages after you pick up the basics of the easier ones.
In order of best to worst languages to learn as your first IMHO.
Cons: If you don't continually push yourself to learn, you can miss out on a lot of important computer science concepts that Python abstracts away for you.
Pros: Very easy to start with, lots of libraries and code in the wild for you to study.
Cons: Small community, not very beginner friendly, few books that start at the ultra-noob level.
Pros: Will force you to learn all of the difficult concepts.
Cons: It will be hard. There are many traps and pitfalls that await you.
Cons: A sizable portion of people who only know Java (The perils of Java schools), forces you into a single way of thinking about programming. I strongly recommend staying away from Java as a first language.
You should spend about a year getting to know your first language. After that you will want to start learning other languages. In my opinion you can't call yourself a programmer until you are at least familiar with 3 languages. Meaning that you have written a small/medium sized program in each (~3,000 lines each).
But that's not all. Programming isn't really about languages at all! Programming is about being familiar with data structures, algorithms and other fundamental computer science concepts and how they apply to solving real problems. In the end it's all about experience, build applications and solve problems and eventually you will look back on what you have done and say, "Now I think I'm a programmer".
But wait! That's not all! Next year you will look back on the year before and say, "I had absolutely no idea what I was doing last year." The year after you'll say the same, and the year after that, and the year after that, and so on. Learning to program is a never-ending process that will keep challenging you until you decide to hang up your hat.
Also read Tips for a New Programmer.


Situated north of the popular ski-region Espace Lumière, the two-tiered ski-resort Pra Loup owes its name to the earlier inhabitants of this mountain region, the Wölfen. Pra Loup's roots, which are just as important as the Wolfswiese, reach back almost 3000 years. Around 900BC Ligurian shepherds settled and founded the later mountain village and present ski-village Molanes, which is often referred to as Pra Loup 1500. The development into a ski-resort, however, only began at the start of the 1960s, when, most notably, the higher located Pra Loup 1600 was built. Nowadays both districts have something for everyone. Pra Loup presents itself as a pleasant and traditional chalet village with around 20 buildings, which are scattered around the historical chapel in the town centre.
In contrast to this, Pra Loup 1600, which lies 2 kilometers away, is characterised by a modern look and a diverse range of après-ski activities. The young – including those from the not too distant Côte d'Azur or the nearby Italy – enjoy coming here. As a result there is a lively and yet relaxed mediterranean atmosphere in the cafes and shopping arcades during the day and in the restaurants and bars during the evening.
Pra Loup's skiing area is also unhurried and enjoyable. The common ski-area Espace Lumière, which has 180 kilometers of pistes, has been available to ski-tourists ever since the 2 ski-resorts at altitudes of 1600 and 1500 meters and the ski-resort Val d'Allos-La Foux, which is located in the south, connected with each other in 1977. Around 100 kilometers of pistes are in the Pra Loup area and are split up into over 40 slopes of all levels. From the wide easy pistes on moderately steep hills to the more challenging routes at higher altitudes. A gondola lift in Molanes and 2 gondola lifts in Pra Loup 1600 transport ski-tourists quickly and conveniently right into the skiing area. Spacious practice areas are also found directly by the goal at the Molanes' and Costebelle's gondola lifts, so that even beginners can practice their first moves in the entire ski-region. A third beginners' area is located directly at the end of Pra Loup 1600 with its own practice lift Sorbiers.
Freeriding fans can also get their money's worth on the slopes of Tête de Sestrière and the Tête de Vescal. Moreover, both peaks provide a connection to the Val d'Allos skiing area. To reach this from the Pra Loup piste-district you need to travel across the very long red Quartiers piste, which starts on the summit of Le Lac at a height of 2500 meters.
Ideal prerequisites also await the young skiers, for Pra Loup has been awarded with the label "Famille Plus Montagne" for its particularly family-friendly range of activities. This includes childcare facilities such as a day care centre for children 6 months and above, a nursery for 3 – 5 year olds and skiing courses for young ski-tourists aged 5 and above. In addition to this, an "evening childcare service" is offered every wednesday from 7pm to 10pm, should parents want to enjoy an evening to themselves during their holiday. There is a special children's practice area as well as a total of 6 lifts for children and beginners. Young ski-tourists below the age of 5 also receive a free skipass.
The range of leisure facilities for young holiday guests are just as diverse away from the pistes. In Pra Loup 1600 the children's carousel and ice rink are the perfect place to have fun. Likewise, in the centre of the resort there is a high rope course, where you can prove your climbing skills, whilst secured, between large tree tops. Those who want to conquer the slopes on a sledge have the choice of 3 sledging slopes. A normal slope and a course for young sledgers below the age of 6 directly near Pra Loup 1600 plus a third slope above Pra Loup 1500 by the exit of the Molanes gondola lift. Both young and old ski-tourists can live it up on a snow-quadbike or explore the landscape around Pra Loup on a snowshoe tour.
"Older" holiday guests in Pra Loup have the chance to dash across the snow on a snowscooter or snowmobile or to enjoy the spectacular Alpine panorama on a paragliding flight. 2 indoor tennis courts can also be used in Pra Loup 1500 / Molanes.
In regard to après ski, Pra Loup 1600 once again leaves no room for boredom. A modern and partially covered arcade is at the centre of the ski-resort with around 80 shops, a cinema plus numerous cafes, restaurants, bars and 2 discos. Ski-tourists from Pra Loup 1500 / Molanes can use the range of leisure and evening facilities in the higher located stations without a problem thanks to the complimentary shuttlebuses, which run until 8pm.


On September 20th in Atlanta, GA, Apex Assembly, in partnership with Thales e-Security, proudly hosted an exclusive CISO Dinner. The invitation-only event united leading Security IT decision makers and business leaders from the greater Atlanta area to address the findings of a survey completed by over 5,200 IT and IT security practitioners in 12 countries. The research examines how the use of encryption has evolved over the past 13 years, and the impact of it on the security posture of organizations in the face of today's most pressing data protection challenges.


text:
Covid-19 Rx: Treatment Simulations
You are a health care provider in a developed country. Several patients await your care. These patients are suspected of having Covid-19 and have been triaged by severity of illness. We recommend:
Mild or Moderate case if unfamiliar with evaluation of Covid-19
Severe case if interested in managing severe Covid-19 in an intensive care setting
Critical and Expert cases if interested in managing severe Covid-19 and its complications in an intensive care setting
Mary Kuri is a young woman who arrives to the emergency room with fever and cough. Although she may have a mild illness, ruling out Covid-19 and evaluating for disease severity is important.
Although the majority of patients with viral respiratory illnesses recover spontaneously, some patients can deteriorate. Indeed, Mary Kuri returns and now feels short of breath.
Vivien Thomas is a man with a history of hypertension who just arrived at the ICU with Covid-19 and acute respiratory distress. Hint: Is this a syndrome?
Vivien Thomas suddenly deteriorates... In addition to severe respiratory disease, Covid-19 can result in a systemic multi-organ disease with an increased mortality rate.
Bagel Mage is an elderly man with a history of hypertension and COPD who was transferred to the ICU from an outside hospital, but his records were lost en route. He has probable Covid-19 and respiratory distress. His condition is dire, but timely critical care medicine can improve his chances of survival.
Once in the patient room, your task is to gather data, develop a differential diagnosis, order additional diagnostic tests, and treat the patient. Patient and disease factors and the choice and timing of treatments will impact the outcome of the illness. However, as in real life, sickness may prevail despite your best efforts.
You can also consult with several specialists in the simulation that may provide crucial life-saving information. Once you reach clinical stability, you will have the option to go to the call room until the end of your shift, but you may be called back if the patient deteriorates. You can also choose to conclude your shift and get feedback.
Consider starting with the Covid-19 Interactive Primer to learn basic concepts of managing floor patients who are suspected or confirmed of having Covid-19.
Each case may have different underlying diseases and outcomes if replayed. We encourage you to replay cases from this landing page, in particular critical and expert, and experience the spectrum of Covid-19 disease presentations.
All names and characters encountered in these simulations are purely fictional and any resemblance to real persons is unintentional.
Note for educators: We encourage the use of these patient encounters for synchronous or asynchronous teaching of clinical reasoning (diagnostic and management), both in groups or individually. The online nature of these cases is particularly suitable for remote learning. We hope you find these new resources to be useful in your teaching. The cases are under continuous development, any feedback, positive or negative, can be given through a survey and contacting us directly (see below).
Help us by completing our survey: Covid-19 Rx Survey
This effort is dedicated to those who work tirelessly and put themselves at personal risk to help maintain the delivery of health care.
Covid-19 Treatment Simulations
Creative Director and Simulation Creator
Raja-Elie "Baj" Abdulnour, M.D., Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital; Educational Innovation Director, NEJM Group
Editor and Producer
Jeffrey M. Drazen, M.D., NEJM Group Editor
Jeff Seals
Daniel Muller, Kim Knoper, Kathy Stern
Ahmad Zaheen, M.D., Ken Wu, M.D., Krista Nottage, M.D.
Medical Reviewers
Eric Rubin, M.D., Joseph Lieber, M.D., Charles Faselis, M.D., Rebecca Sternschein, M.D., Robert M. Hayden, M.D., Anthony Massaro, M.D., Daniel Rubin
Matthew O'Rourke, Kathy Charlton
Associate Developer
Sara Fleming
Bruce D. Levy, M.D., Patrick R. Burkett, M.D., Ph.D., Maria C. Basil, M.D., Ph.D., Karen Buckley
These simulations are optimized for desktop PCs and most tablets, but mobile phones are currently not fully supported.
Covid-19 Interactive Primers
Case Author and Interactive Primer Creator
Robert M. Hayden, M.D., Internal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital
Peer and Faculty Reviewers
Edy Yong Kim, M.D., Ph.D., Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital
Jessica C. Stuart, M.D., Internal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital
Rebecca Sternschein, M.D., Pulmonary and Critical Care Faculty, Brigham and Women's Hospital
Peter G. Czarnecki, M.D., Renal Medicine Faculty, Brigham and Women's Hospital
NEJM Editors
Ahmad Zaheen, M.D., M.Sc., NEJM Editorial Fellow
Email: covid19-rx@nejm.org
Twitter: @bagelemage
Copyright © 2020 Massachusetts Medical Society. The New England Journal of Medicine, NEJM Resident 360, NEJM Journal Watch, NEJM Catalyst are products of NEJM Group, a division of the Massachusetts Medical Society. All rights reserved.
Covid-19 Interactive Primer
Interactive case covering basic concepts of managing floor patients who are suspected or confirmed of having Covid-19.
Interactive Primer Part I: Mild - Moderate
View Interactive Primer I
Interactive Primer Part II: Severe – Critical (New!)
View Interactive Primer II


text:
Multiple Stressors Contributed to Physician Burnout During First Wave of COVID-19 in the U.S.
Photo: UNC School of Medicine
unchealthcare.org
Front-line physicians who cared for COVID-19 patients during the first wave of the pandemic in New York City and New Orleans reported multiple factors that contributed to their occupational stress during this extraordinarily trying time in their careers.
These included individual-level factors such as age, work experience and life stage; institutional-level factors such as resource disparities, institutional type and size, and policies; professional-level factors such as informal rationing and medical uncertainty; and societal-level factors such as the federal response, COVID politics, and social inequalities.
At this point in the pandemic, it's well recognized that burnout is pervasive in medicine," said Mara Buchbinder, PhD, professor and vice chair in the UNC Department of Social Medicine and lead author of the new study published in the Journal of General Internal Medicine.
"What is less well understood is how deeply entrenched it is in health systems stress. Physicians are sick of being told to heal themselves through yoga and mindfulness when the underlying systems are broken."
Study authors conducted qualitative, semi-structured interviews with 40 physicians from 14 hospitals in New York City and 39 physicians from 9 hospitals in New Orleans. All had spent at least 4 weeks providing inpatient COVID-19 care beginning in March 2020, when both cities were experiencing the first surge of the pandemic in the United States.
The stressors most frequently cited by the physicians during their interviews included:
Concerns about being exposed to COVID-19 and/or transmitting it to their family
The volume and burden of patient deaths
The volume of patients/workload
Medical uncertainty over how to care for COVID-19 patients
Caring for patients without family support
Mistrust toward physicians/COVID skepticism
"The experience of responding to a public health emergency on this massive scale also created opportunities for innovative approaches to problem-solving by physicians and teams, and prompted hospital management to relieve the frontline of administrative burdens," said Nancy Berlinger, PhD, a research scholar at The Hastings Center and a co-author of this study.
"Going forward, hospitals should continue to listen to the frontline for insights about work environments that support clinician integrity and wellbeing and promote better outcomes for patients."
The study concludes that interventions to reduce physician stress and burnout may be more effective if they target systems factors and stressors, including organizational culture and team dynamics.
Additional co-authors of the study are Alyssa Browne, MA and Tania Jenkins, PhD, both in the UNC Department of Sociology; and Liza Buchbinder, MD, PhD, at UCLA's Center for Social Medicine and Humanities and Semel Institute.


National League side Southport have signed goalkeeper Jon Viscosi and defender Josh Thompson, while Will Beesley has agreed a new contract.
Viscosi made one appearance in the Conference for Chester last season.
Left-back Beesley has recovered from a hip injury and has proved his fitness to earn a new deal.
Ex-Celtic centre-back Thompson, 24, ended last season at Tranmere and impressed for Southport in a pre-season friendly against Everton.
"All three signings will add depth and quality to my squad," manager Paul Carden told the club website.
"Both Jon and Will have worked very hard in pre season and have shown real hunger and desire, while Josh has chosen to join us after several close-season offers."


text:
Q: Swift Progress View Value Passed Around Functions I am needing to implement a progress bar that takes into account a couple of factors.
I have three different classes, my ViewController, a Networking class to handle the network calls and a dataManager class to handle all the db operations.
Now my progressView lives in my viewcontroller and I am looking at a way of updating it as each of the different operations are performed in the other classes.
I am using Alamofire so I know I can use .progress{} to catch the value of the JSON progress but that would also mean exposing the ViewController to the Networking class, which I assume is bad practice?
I think this should be achieved using completion handlers but as I have already setup another thread for handling the JSON / DB operation I'm not wanting to over complicate it anymore than I need to
Networking:
 func makeGetRequest(url : String, params : [String : String]?, completionHandler: (responseObject: JSON?, error: NSError?) -> ())  -> Request? {

        return Alamofire.request(.GET, url, parameters: params, encoding: .URL)
            .progress { _, _, _ in
                           //bad practice?
                progressView.setProgress(request.progress.fractionCompleted, animated: true)
            }
            .responseJSON { request, response, data, error in completionHandler(
                responseObject:
                {

                  let json = JSON(data!)

                    if let anError = error
                    {

                        println(error)
                    }
                    else if let data: AnyObject = data
                    {

                        let json = JSON(data)
                                          }

                    return json

                    }(),
                error: error

                )
        }
    }

ViewController:
 dataManager.loadData({(finished: Bool, error:NSError?) -> Void in

            if let errorMessage = error{
                 self.syncProgress.setProgress(0, animated: true)

                let alertController = UIAlertController(title: "Network Error", message:
                    errorMessage.localizedDescription, preferredStyle: UIAlertControllerStyle.Alert)
                alertController.addAction(UIAlertAction(title: "Dismiss", style: UIAlertActionStyle.Default,handler: nil))
                 self.presentViewController(alertController, animated: true, completion: nil)

            }
            if finished{
                for i in 0..<100 {
                    dispatch_async(dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_BACKGROUND, 0), {
                        sleep(1)
                        dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), {
                            self.counter++
                            return
                        })
                    })
                }

            }

        })

As you can see I am waiting on the finished boolean in the datamanger class to be set before updating the progress bar. The thing is, dataManager makes a call to networking and performs a bunch of other stuff before it finishes, it would be handy to update the progress bar along the way but I'm not sure of the best approach?
DataManager:
 func loadData(completion: (finished: Bool, error: NSError?) -> Void) {

        var jsonError: NSError?

        networking.makeGetRequest(jobsUrl, params: nil) { json, networkError  in

//....

}

A: I'm not too familiar with swift so I can't give you a code example but the way I would do this is create a protocol on your Networking class NetworkingDelegate and implement that protocol in your ViewController. The protocol method would be something like (in objective-c) NetworkingRequestDidUpdatProgress:(float progress)
This is assuming your ViewController calls Networking.makeGetRequest. If it's another class, you would implement the delegate in that class, or you could bubble up the delegate calls to your ViewController through the DataManager class.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


What is BT Starter TV bundle good for?
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BT Home Hub 6 wireless router (Smart Hub) is built with advanced technology to ensure speedy, reliable and secured connectivity. Operating in dual band frequencies, it improves wireless range as well as minimises wifi interference from other devices nearby.
Use free wifi by connecting to 5 million BT WiFi hotspots across the UK. It's unlimited and free to use so you can get faster internet when you are on the go.
BT offers Parental controls which enable you to block websites which you think unsuitable for your children. Many such websites can also be harmful to your devices with online threats like viruses, spyware and other malware.
BT broadband customers can make use of 100GB free cloud storage to keep all their personal data including photo albums and files in a secured web space.
BT SmartTalk is app from BT to help you make great savings on calls when your are on the move. Just install this app on your smartphone and use your landline minutes from your home phone call plan.


Dr. Kern Singh, an orthopedic spine surgeon and Co-Director of the Minimally Invasive Spine Institute at Midwest Orthopaedics at Rush, was recognized by the Cervical Spine Research Society for his paper entitled "The Impact Of Local Steroid Application On Dysphagia Following An Anterior Cervical Discectomy And Fusion: Preliminary Results Of A Prospectively, Randomized, Single Blind Trial." The paper was selected as the 2nd Place Clinical Research Award Paper by the Cervical Spine Research Society's Awards Committee.
Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) procedures can be utilized in the treatment of degenerative conditions affecting the cervical spine. This procedure involves removal of affected intervertebral disc(s) and fusion of the adjacent vertebrae. A common complaint following ACDF is difficulty swallowing due to swelling, which usually resolves without further intervention. Previous studies have suggested that injecting steroid at the surgical site during the operation may decrease this swelling, and therefore prevent swallowing difficulties.