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The riddle of Isaac
Genesis 22 has a pro-life subtext, and missing it has led to a multitude of religious errors
by Marvin Olasky
Post Date: January 08, 2016 - Issue Date: January 23, 2016
(Krieg Barrie)
The 1586 painting Sacrifice of Isaac by Paolo Veronese
WORLD's writers have done so well that it's been 15 months since my last magazine article about God moving me from Judaism and atheism to faith in Christ—and continuing to teach me. But two articles planned for this issue are delayed, and one crucial part of my background relates to questions about child sacrifice relevant to abortion, so I'll now take you back to 1963.
At my synagogue bar mitzvah ceremony that year, I chanted in Hebrew a chunk of Chapter 11 of Judges, which tells of mighty warrior Jephthah. He offered God an exchange: You give me victory, I'll sacrifice as a burnt offering whoever or whatever first runs out of my house to greet me. Jephthah won but lost, because his only child, a daughter, came dancing out, waving a tambourine. She and her friends wept for two months. Then Jephthah "did with her according to his vow that he had made."
That's a lesson about one danger of exchange religion, which is the most popular faith in the world. A dozen years ago I watched a Hindu slit the throat of a goat just outside an Indian temple, happy to be trading the goat for the child he was sure would come. In 1963 the Jephthah passage led me to ponder Chapter 22 of Genesis, which I had read in Hebrew school. You know the story: God, who repeatedly condemns child sacrifice such as our contemporary abortion practice (see "A time for plain speaking" in this issue), commands Abraham to sacrifice his and Sarah's only child, Isaac.
That passage, along with reading atheist books, led me to view the Bible as self-contradictory and fundamentally nutty. For the next 10 years I was an atheist. I never took the time to read how rabbis before the time of Jesus, in their oral tradition, explained the passage. (That oral tradition, eventually written down, turned into the Talmud.) Now, at age 65, I finally have.
One thing my reading quickly clarified: Rabbis 2,000 years ago did not see Genesis 22 as teaching the wrongness of child sacrifice. That frequent interpretation today dodges the obvious: God praised Abraham for his willingness to kill his son. Besides, if God's teaching style was to command and then countermand, He would also have ordered patriarchs to commit adultery, steal, and bear false witness. So, ancient scholars offered 10 other reasons for God's strange demand.
Some said Abraham had to prove his faithfulness. After all, Abraham out of fear had offered Sarah to the Philistine king Abimelech and later made a covenant with him. Perhaps Abraham had not offered thanks and sacrifices at the birth or weaning of Isaac, so when Satan asked God to test Abraham, God said yes. Or maybe Abraham had not proved he would submit to God even when it hurt deeply.
Others said God knew Abraham was wonderful and wanted all the nations of the world to see Abraham's obedience. That way they wouldn't be jealous because God chose Abraham to carry His message and made Jews His chosen people: The nations would recognize superiority. Alternatively, maybe angels were jealous because God loved Abraham, so God had to show them why Abraham was so great.
Some rabbis said Abraham had misunderstood God: That seems unlikely since God's command was clear. Others suggested the problem developed because Isaac had one-upped his half-brother Ishmael: Yes, you're the firstborn, but you're only the son of a servant. Yes, you obediently underwent circumcision at age 13 when you could have resisted, while I was circumcised at eight days and so could not consciously submit, but I'm ready to offer God not only my foreskin but my whole body. OK, let's test that.
A fourth group contended that Jews facing extreme persecution down the road would contemplate Abraham's behavior and be ready to kill their own children rather than see them seized and trained by pagans. Others came close to exchange religion: Since the sacrifice of Isaac was the last of Abraham's 10 tests and he aced all of them, God was right to send 10 plagues on Egypt. Or, since Abraham cleaved wood to make the fire that would turn Isaac into a burnt offering, God cleaved the Red Sea to allow the Israelites to escape the Egyptian army.
For centuries Israel's religious leaders discussed these variants, but around the time of Christ, something changed: The episode became known as "The Binding of Isaac"—in Hebrew, akedah—rather than "The Testing of Abraham." The Jewish historian Josephus wrote that when Abraham told Isaac he would be the burnt offering, "Isaac received these words with joy." The leading Jewish scholar of Alexandria, Philo, wrote that Isaac was "born good by nature" and thus—unlike his father and his son, Jacob—did not have to receive a name change. Philo even wrote that "God may with perfect truth be said to be Isaac's father. … Isaac is not a product of created beings, but a work of the Uncreated One."
The writer of one targum (an Aramaic translation/commentary) imagined Isaac telling Abraham, "Bind my hands properly that I may not struggle." Then "the eyes of Isaac were turned to the angels of heaven. Isaac saw them but Abraham did not see them." Isaac became the star, and his willingness to die stored up merit that others could tap into. One rabbi said Isaac's willingness later saved the firstborn sons of Israel in Egypt. Others said it saved the Israelites when they entered the Red Sea, saved Jerusalem after King David sinfully ordered a census, and saved Persian Jews from Haman's planned massacre.
Temple sacrifices purportedly reminded God of Isaac's merit, which—one rabbi suggested—might even be able to raise the dead. When Romans in A.D. 70 destroyed the temple and sacrifices could no longer be made there, a memorial prayer replaced the sacrifice: "Let us be looked upon by the Lord through the merit of the sacrifice of Isaac." Some offered these prayers: "Remember today the Binding of Isaac with mercy unto his seed" and "When the children of Isaac commit sin, and do evil, remember on their behalf the Akedah."
Why the change in focus from Abraham to Isaac? From where came the idea that Isaac was offering a substitutionary atonement? Abraham Geiger, one of Germany's leading 19th-century Jewish scholars, concluded in an 1872 article that the concept entered Judaism from Christianity. Others, like German scholar E. Lohse in 1955, also said Christian teachings influenced rabbis. B.D. Chilton and P.R. Davies wrote in 1978 that there was "no trace of Akedah doctrine" in pre-Christian literature.
Chilton and Davies also pointed to rabbinical speculation that Abraham did shed a few drops of Isaac's blood before he almost drove the knife home, so temple sacrifices were "perpetual reminders of Isaac's blood loss." Today many American Jews, competing with Christmas, elevate Hanukkah to a holiday status way beyond its minor role in Jewish history. Chilton and Davies argued that the emphasis on Isaac's blood was a Jewish response to Christianity.
Bishop Melito of Sardis in the second century A.D. portrayed Isaac as a forerunner of Jesus, who "carried the wood on his shoulders as he was led up to be slain like Isaac by his father." Tertullian and Clement of Alexandria wrote similarly. Some rabbis acknowledged the comparison, judging from one fifth-century A.D. text that included these two sentences: "Abraham placed the wood of the burnt offering on Isaac his son. Like a man who carries his cross on his shoulder."
Few Jews went that far, and few Christian theologians took their eyes off Abraham to focus on Isaac: Honoring Christ, they did not need a competitor in sacrifice. Christians typically continued to marvel at the fortitude of Abraham. Bishop Basil of Seleucia in the fifth century A.D. wrote, "How did his soul not contract? … O! The strength of his soul! He did not groan. He did not weep. … Nor did he let out a paternal cry, refusing the slaughter of his child." It's a riddle—and Abraham's equanimity is particularly remarkable in comparison with his willingness to argue with God about Sodom in Chapter 18 of Genesis.
The solution to the riddle lies in one of the greatest New Testament chapters. Hebrews 11:17-19 declares, "By faith Abraham, when he was tested, offered up Isaac, and he who had received the promises was in the act of offering up his only son, of whom it was said, 'Through Isaac shall your offspring be named.' He considered that God was able even to raise him from the dead, from which, figuratively speaking, he did receive him back."
Abraham was not justified by his work—holding his knife above his only son, ready to plunge it in. Abraham was justified by his faith.
That's the explanation I was looking for at age 13. Abraham did not think he would lose his son. He expected God to raise Isaac from the dead. Abraham was not justified by his work—holding his knife above his only son, ready to plunge it in. Abraham was justified by his faith. He's a model for us: We will fear death unless we have faith in our resurrection, and we'll only have that faith if we have faith in Christ's.
Apart from that faith, both Jews and Muslims emphasize Abrahamic stoicism. Philo of Alexandria applauded Abraham's rock-hard commitment: "He devoted his whole soul to holiness and disregarded the claims of their common blood. [He] showed no change of color nor weakening of soul but remained as steadfast as ever with a judgment that never bent or wavered."
Later, many Hasidic rabbis made Abraham almost Buddhist-like, totally indifferent to Isaac. Menachem Mendel of Lubavitch (1789-1866): "In Abraham's trial there was no pain." Simcha Bunem of Przysucha (1765-1827): "It made no difference to Abraham whether he was being commanded to sacrifice Isaac or the ram." Jacob Isaac of Lublin (1745-1815): Abraham "was happy to slay him for God. … The matter of his son did not exist in his heart at all. … He had no joy from taking him back … except for the sake of God who commanded him, and not for the sake of his only son."
Muslims take that understanding further. The Quran's Sura 37 has Ibrahim asking his son about becoming a sacrifice: The son responds, "My father, do as you are told. You will find me steadfast." The holiest day of the year for Muslims is now the Feast of the Sacrifice, Eid al-Adha. Radical Muslims believe faithful fathers should be willing to sacrifice their sons and daughters: Send them off to holy wars or wrap bombs around them. The children must obey and should even be joyful as they head toward homicide and suicide.
A misreading of Isaac-sacrifice leads to stoicism and terrorism and brings us back to exchange religion. A quarter-century ago scholar Nahum Sarna's commentary on Genesis, put out by the Jewish Publication Society, noted that the "willingness of the founding father to sacrifice his son as proof of his devotion to God created an inexhaustible store of spiritual credit upon which future generations may draw." That sounds like the worship of saints who were so virtuous that they have a surplus of merit on which ordinary people can raft.
Let's recognize the courage of Abraham and Isaac, but if their steadfastness is why God should be merciful to their physical or spiritual descendants, we are back to "I do for God, He does for me." The exchange temptation lurks whenever we believe that what man gives God is the key to salvation. If Jesus were not God, His willingness to suffer and die would merely be high-level exchange religion. But since Jesus is God, we depend not on a payoff for our work, but grace. It's all God.
That's something I certainly did not understand at age 13. I didn't really understand that at age 26 when publicly professing faith in Christ. But now it's my greatest comfort in life and in death, which is now far closer to me than birth. It's also the only real comfort for millions of women who have aborted their children. They can donate their time and money to crisis pregnancy centers, but they cannot buy back their dead babies. The faith of Abraham and Isaac shows that they can throw themselves into God's arms and depend on His grace.
19th in a series; for previous episodes, go to wng.org/olaskyseries
Marvin is editor in chief of WORLD and the author of more than 20 books, including The Tragedy of American Compassion. His latest book is World View: Seeking Grace and Truth in Our Common Life. Follow Marvin on Twitter @MarvinOlasky.
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Tomáš Suchánek (born 7 April 1984 in Pardubice, Czechoslovakia) is a motorcycle speedway rider who first rode in the UK for the King's Lynn Stars in the Premier League in 2003.
Suchánek is a Czech international, representing them in the Speedway World Cup in 2005 and 2006.
In 2008 he signed for the Reading Racers.
^ Bamford, Robert (2008). Methanol Press Speedway Yearbook 2008. Methanol Press. ISBN 978-0-9553103-5-5.
This page was last edited on 2 July 2017, at 21:44 (UTC).


If you can check off all five, you're a great dad.
We can think we know everything, but as a parent we are constantly learning. It's never a bad thing to find yourself different than the dad next door. Remember, you are two different people learning things at different times. You both are great people who are trying their best.
Here are five factors that make a dad great.
You will be amazed at how the little things will make a big difference in your children's lives. Take the time to talk to them. Do fun things together. Share laughter and inside jokes.
Set aside time every week to give time and undivided attention to your children.
We all have times when we don't love who we are. There are physical features we wish we could change about ourselves or habits we feel like we can't kick. We forget how much we beat ourselves, but when we hear a child say something negative about themselves, it brings us back to reality. Every person is different and we should support differences.
There is a particular father who experienced this recently. Dave is a father of five beautiful children, one of which has alopecia, a disease in the immune system that causes hair loss. When his daughter said she didn't like herself because she didn't have hair, Dave took it seriously and went above and beyond the call of duty to make his daughter feel loved.
In the end they were both smiling and laughing. He could have just shrugged off her comment, but instead, he took her feelings seriously.
A therapist from Psychology Today shared that it's important to be willing to learn from your children. He was picking up his daughter from school when she asked for his help to study for a test. Instead of sitting down with flash cards, he asked her to teach him the material. Instead of a stressful night of flipping through cards, they had a great discussion about what she was learning, and she was able to teach him some new things too.
Being a great dad is someone who is not afraid to learn from their children. Put them in the leadership position, ask them questions and be sure to listen to what they are teaching.
We don't talk about this one enough. It is important for all children to learn to work and learn what the world has to offer them if they are willing to work for it. Dads who teach their children to work hard are put in the category of amazing and great.
You will teach your kids what love is and what a healthy relationship looks like by providing an example.
We often forget what power a great example has on children. They look up to their dads and what to be just like them. Loving their mother gives the child a relationship to look up to and pattern after. Don't worry about perfection; simply worry about love.
Great dads are everywhere. If you don't feel like you are one of them, don't worry, there is always time to change. Take a couple of these suggestions and start working on them to become a great dad.


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home act of terrorism memoirs Participants in the assault tell their story
Booker, Sandy Alan
Sasha Letyago's memorials
The official list of the lost hostages
Two gases were used
A journalist, who was an eyewitness to the events, talks
One terrorist managed to set off a grenade
The fourth airplane
"By all accounts, the assault was a success"
'Nord-Ost': unknown details
Participants in the assault tell their story
Written by Телеканал «Россия», «Вести недели»
Воскресенье, 27 Октябрь 2002
The defeat of Barayev's gang — the point of view of participants in the assault
From television channel 'Rossiya', on the program 'News of the Week'
http://www.vesti7.ru/archive/news?id=1464
'Alfa' and 'Vityazya' commandos spoke with unprecedented frankness during a meeting with reporters:
Our group moved surreptitiously to the building from the hospital side. Once inside, we took up our starting positions and moved along the corridor. From the street side there was a large poster, and just around the corner we met resistance — automatic fire, and a grenade was tossed at us.
We returned fire, killing a terrorist in the hallway. When we started to enter the room where Barayev and his associates gave their press conference, we met automatic weapons fire. We fired a few bursts and used two tear gas grenades.
Three groups from the basement went into action. Prior to entering, we already heard shooting. We got the command to go in. We went in, and the first thing we saw was a terrorist. He was clearly visible, and had a weapon aimed at us. He was 15 meters away, and already raising his weapon and shooting. The burst went into the glass (of the windows). In literally seconds we dashed 15 meters and got to the doors and went into the auditorium. Grenades flew from the right side, from the lobby.
We entered the hall in two groups: from the direction of the stage and the auditorium entrance. The terrorists who were on the stage began to show some resistance. This was suppressed immediately, in seconds. The group went in and opened fire.
All terrorists, of course, were armed — all of them, to the very last one. In the auditorium, literally by the entrance doors, I still cannot hear very well, just to the right there was sitting a woman, all dressed all in black and with a (bomb) belt. In one hand she had a gun, and in her other hand was a grenade. She took a shot in our direction. She was, well, naturally, she was neutralized, destroyed. One of our guys grabbed the grenade from her hand. It had no ring.
From the two groups we started to disperse around the hall. On the right side once again were two terrorists, who fired at us, from assault rifles, but thank God that it turned out okay: our group works pretty well. From the next door a group entered, the same group that was in movie projection room, the ones who got the tear gas. One of the terrorists pops out from there and he was killed immediately. I would like to mention that our group worked with great professionalism.
There was the huge probability of an explosion from one of the suicide belts. This was evident when we went in and saw the woman sitting there ready for us. She had a belt on, but let me say: she had a pistol in one hand and a grenade in the other. She did not have enough time to let it go from her hand, because we work very fast.
The commandos managed without any losses. A couple got wounded, and a few got shell shock. When we were cutting holes in the poster (for air circulation), on television they reported that supposedly terrorists the throwing up the white flag. We bandaged our unit chief, who was wounded by shrapnel. The terrorists were quite seriously prepared, and their weapons and equipment were decent.
The volume of fire was great, but in the building, the premises, the auditorium, there where a large number of hostages. The whole auditorium — can you imagine how that was? We still had other places to work through. Naturally, some people went in, our people went in there to save the maximum number of our citizens, all the hostages in the auditorium and in the building in general. In such a situation we had to work well. Why? Because we had no time.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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This photo is a good example of what is growing now in the high valleys of the White Mountains: Malotira (Sideritis syriaca) is in the centre of the picture. To its right the white flowers of Astragalus angustifolius, in the background Berberis cretica is flowering. In the foreground Euphorbia acanthothamnos is just visible at the bottom of the photo.


By DUSAN STOJANOVIC, Associated Press April 17, 2019 Updated: April 17, 2019 10:10 a.m.
FILE - In this photo taken Thursday, Jan. 17, 2019, Russian President Vladimir Putin, left, poses with Serbian President Aleksandar Vucic after being awarded the Order of Alexander Nevsky in Belgrade, Serbia. Serbia is seeking an increased Russian role in the European Union-mediated talks with the former province of Kosovo, the move which could further strain the Balkan country's relations with the West. Serbia's Foreign Minister Ivica Dacic said after meeting his Russian counterpart Sergey Lavrov on Wednesday, April 17 in Moscow that "Serbia cannot defend its state interests without the assistance of the Russian Federation."


Inspired by the manor homes and equestrian lifestyle of Northern England, the Tynecastle Wood & Leather Upholstered Sleigh Bed in Chestnut has a rustic yet refined flavor. Crafted from Poplar wood with figured Alder veneers, its rich appearance adds elegance to any living space. A premium multi-step finish process results in unsurpassed clarity, depth and color richness seen in its Chestnut finish. Its relaxed sleigh-style frame combined with brown leather upholstered panels in the headboard and recessed wood panel patterns in the footboard, provides a stately appeal. Add a hint of European country style to your bedroom décor and embrace the casual elegance the Tynecastle Sleigh Bed offers. Available in King and Cal. King sizes, both mattress and box spring are sold separately.


Cambridge Folk Festival has announced that local singer-songwriter Nick Mulvey will be returning to Cambridge in 2019 as the festival's guest curator.
Responsible for selecting five of his favourite artists to play sets for the Cherry Hinton crowd, Mulvey's says he is hoping to encourage some of his heroes to take to join the line-up in August next year.
Beyond his role as guest curator, Mulvey will also take to the main stage for his own performance. He returns to the event that has seen him graduate from emerging talent platform The Den in 2012 through the stages, to sit at the curatorial helm for 2019.
Mulvey says: "As a Cambridge boy born and bred I'm honoured to be the guest curator of next year's Folk Festival and I'm excited to bring a flavour of the music I love into the mix.
Audiences can expect some surprises on the line up as Mr Mulvey promises to 'stretch' the remit of a traditional folk festival.
"If we offend some purists along the way then it has to be that way," he says.
Raised in Cambridge, Mulvey studied at Chesterton Community College before embarking on his musical career which saw him travel across the globe. Having sold out London's Royal Albert Hall earlier this year performing as a trio, Nick is currently on an 18-date run across the UK and Ireland.
Mulvey follows 2018's curator Rhiannon Giddens who excelled in her role this year, introducing acts to the stage, performing three times herself and taking part in debates and Q&As that became defining moments of the Festival.
Cambridge Folk Festival tickets are on sale from cambridgelivetrust.co.uk on October 1, 2018.


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Money power
12/04/13 - China Daily
China might have been the world's manufacturing powerhouse for the past two decades but it could be in financial services where it is yet to have its most dramatic impact.
The country already has the world's biggest bank – ICBC (Industrial and Commercial Bank of China) by profit and market capitalization, and its four biggest banks are now among the top 10 biggest globally.
During the recent reporting season, China's Big Four banks, which apart from ICBC, are Bank of China, China Construction Bank and Agricultural Bank of China, revealed some 4.7 trillion yuan (580 billion euros, $758 billion) of overseas assets.
The engine of China's banking strength is the savings of the Chinese people. They stood at $3.6 trillion at the end of 2010, almost double the $1.83 trillion of the United States – whose citizens still retain a preference to spending.
China's sovereign wealth fund, China Investment Corporation, only set up in 2007, had $482.2 billion in assets under management at the end of 2011, two-thirds of which were in the United States.
Some of its most high profile deals include the 880 million pound (1.03 billion euros, $1.33 billion) rescue of Canary Wharf, London's second financial center, in 2009.
China's policy banks, China Development Bank and the Export-Import Bank of China, have been major forces in the developing world, particularly in Africa, where they have funded major infrastructure projects. The Export-Import Bank of China has lent more money in Africa than the World Bank in each of the last eight years and lent a total of $15 billion in 2011.
In Africa, the increasing presence of China's commercial banks has also been felt.
ICBC made the biggest ever foreign direct investment in South African history when it paid $5.5 billion for a 20 percent slice of Standard Bank, Africa's biggest bank, in 2007. The other banks are also increasing their Africa footprint.
The overseas ambitions of the Chinese banks are not disguised. Wang Hongzhang, president of China Construction Bank, made clear recently it was the intention to grow not only by setting up overseas branches but also by taking over foreign banks.
The bank's overseas assets were $83.6 billion in 2012, some 3.7 percent of its total and it is looking at opening in new markets.
"We are accelerating preparations to open in Dubai, Russia, Toronto, San Francisco. We conduct our overseas business by setting up CCB's own branches and agencies and by mergers and acquisitions."
In the major international financial centers, the presence of the Chinese banks is nowhere more visible than in London with Bank of China located right in the heart of the City of London, next to the Bank of England.
ICBC, which also has a base in Canary Wharf, is also believed to be in talks about setting up a new headquarters in the City financial district.
Mark Boleat, chairman of the policy and resources committee of the City of London, says Chinese investment is welcome in London.
"We expect all the big Chinese banks to be expanding what they are doing in London. China's financial industry is very large and growing very rapidly."
He says the Bank of England is even considering changing the rules to allow Chinese banks to operate as branches and not subsidiaries, the only status currently allowed for foreign banks in the UK. Operating as a branch, with the full security of the Beijing legal identity behind it, would enable banks to expand without deploying as much direct capital.
"The Bank of England understands the importance of having the Chinese banks and they are looking at ways of accommodating their method of operation," Boleat adds.
Whatever the international strategies of the banks, China is already a dominant financial player in the world.
By virtue of being the world's manufacturing workshop for a generation, it has accumulated $3.2 trillion in foreign currency reserves.
Around $1.16 trillion of this is held in US Treasury bonds and therefore China is a major underwriter of the world's biggest economy's gigantic national debt.
– Andrew Moody and Hu Haiyan


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General, PPF Netherlands
Dutch Postcode Lottery donates more than € 376 million for a better world
Photo: Roy Beusker Fotografie
Unwavering support to conservation without borders
The Dutch Postcode Lottery has been a loyal supporter of the work of Peace Parks Foundation since 2002. At the annual Goedgeld Gala held in Amsterdam on 4 March 2020, Peace Parks again received a donation of € 1.35 million to continue working on the protection and sustainable development of transfrontier conservation areas in southern Africa. This year, the Lottery donated more than € 376 million Euros to more than 105 causes that support both people and nature. Since 1989, the lottery has donated a total of more than € 6.2 billion to hundreds of charities and social initiatives. An overview of all donations can be found on the Postcode Loterij website
To date, Peace Parks has received more than € 42.5 million from the Dutch Postcode Lottery. This includes an amount of € 14.4 million that Peace Parks Foundation and the World Wildlife Fund Netherlands received from the Lottery's Dream Fund in 2014, to assist with efforts to protect rhinoceros populations in Africa.
In addition, a Dream Fund grant of € 16.9 million was awarded this year to the World Wide Fund for Nature, Peace Parks Foundation and African Parks. The three leading not-for-profit conservation organisations have joined forces to boost the ecological and socio-economic development of the world's largest terrestrial transfrontier conservation area (TFCA), the Kavango Zambezi (KAZA). The KAZA Dream Fund project will assist KAZA's partner states – Angola, Botswana, Namibia, Zambia and Zimbabwe – to protect the region's globally significant wildlife populations, counter the potential effects of climate change, safeguard and sustainably harness shared resources across borders, and greatly enhance the well-being of local communities.
We remain truly grateful to the 3 million players of the Dutch Postcode Lottery for making this continued support possible
(fltr) John Loudon (Peace Parks Foundation Board Member), Magriet Schreuder (Head of Charities, Dutch Postcode Loterij) and Willem Russell (Chairman of the Board: Peace Parks Foundation Netherlands). © Roy Beusker Fotografie
Million of support for social entrepreneurship, restoration of Dutch biodiversity and the world's largest nature reserve
The National Postcode Lottery donated a record amount of more than 376 million euro to charities benefitting both people and nature.
This year's revenue from the National Postcode Lottery supported a large variety of international charities working towards creating a better world. These organisations focus on, for example restoring biodiversity, combating corruption and inequality in African countries, as well as helping victims of sexual violence worldwide.
During the annual event in Amsterdam, the lottery distributed a whopping 376,584,531 million euro to 123 organisations this year. In total, 105 charity organisations received operational funding, while another 18 organisations received a special, one-time donation. Among these donations was a million-dollar incentive for social entrepreneurship aimed at restorating biodiversity in The Netherlands.
Dorine Manson, managing director of Postcode Lottery: "We are extremely proud of being able to make these important and impactful donations made possible by our loyal participants. We do it to support more than 100 charity organisations, including Food Banks Netherlands, Oranje Fonds, The Red Cross, AAP Foundation and World Wide Fund for Nature, that are committed to a just and greener world. These organisations will use the funding to reinforce their contributions to creating a better world."
Special attention for social entrepreneurship
Winner of the Nobel Peace Prize and developer of microcredit Professor Muhammad Yunus, spoke about the power of social entrepreneurship during the evening: "Although social entrepreneurship can be an ongoing endeavour, when used in the right way, an incredible number of people can benefit from it without having to invest money time and time again." At the event, Professor Yunus was surprised with a 2.49 million euro donation for his Yunus & You Foundation. With this contribution, the foundation can combat youth unemployment in Africa through financial support, training and advice to social entrepreneurs, specifically in Uganda and Kenya.
In the field of social entrepreneurship, many organisations receive donations this year; Bird Protection Netherlands received 1 million euro to protect meadows for birds in The Netherlands through the development and deployment of sustainable business models in collaboration with farmers. Sea Ranger Service received a one-off sum of 500,000 euro to train young people to become 'forest rangers at sea', to help protect the ocean. Cordaid can now invest in microcredit organisations with a donation of 1 million euro, and Oxfam Novib received 1 million euro to help small and medium-sized companies in developing countries continue to grow. In addition, Stichting LeerKRACHT received 1 million euro for scaling up its entrepreneurial approach to improve education in the Netherlands.
Millions for the fight against human rights violations
The Sentry, a human rights organisation, received 6.3 million euro to combat the corruption and self-enrichment of war criminals worldwide. The organisation protects vulnerable population groups who are victims of war violence, mainly in east and central Africa. THORN received a donation of 1.5 million euro, which they will use to combat the online sexual exploitation of children worldwide using smart technology. KidsRights received a 1.5 million euro donation to protect children's rights in The Netherlands and beyond.
The Dream Fund grant was awarded to the World Wide Fund for Nature (WNF), African Parks and Peace Parks who are working together to boost the socio-economic development of Africa's largest transfrontier conservation area, the Kavango Zambezi TFCA. (fltr) Christiaan van der Hoeven (WWF Netherlands); Sophie Vossenaar (Director of Fundraising: Europe, African Parks), Kirsten Schuijt (CEO, WWF Netherlands), Marthe Jongmans (Senior Account Manager, WWF Netherlands), Peter Fearnhead (CEO, African Parks), Dr Nyambe Nyambe (Executive Director, KAZA Secretariat), Allard Stapel (Chief External Affairs, WWF Netherlands), Margriet Schreuders (Head of Charities, Dutch Postcode Lottery), Werner Myburgh (CEO, Peace Parks Foundation, Kathy Bergs (Chief Development Officer, Peace Parks Foundation) and John Loudon (Peace Parks Foundation Board Member). © Roy Beusker Fotografie
Boost for the largest protected area in the world
The World Wide Fund for Nature (WNF), African Parks and Peace Parks Foundation received a donation of 16.9 million euro from the Dream Fund of the Postcode Lottery to fund the Unlimited through Africa project. Due to climate change and human actions, the biodiversity and ecosystems within the Kavango Zambezi Transfrontier Conservation Area in southern Africa is in danger. If lost, it could have disastrous consequences for humans and animals. African Parks, Peace Parks Foundation and the World Wide Fund for Nature came up with a rescue plan to prevent this iconic conservation area from disappearing. In close cooperation with local partners, they will protect water catchment areas and reconnect protected areas, creating a rich landscape for vulnerable and endangered species, such as the iconic African elephant. Moreover, this creates ample opportunities for economic development for the residents of the area who often live in poor conditions.
Millions for the restoration of biodiversity
Several organisations received a contribution this evening for a project aimed at restoring biodiversity. Natuurmonumenten, for example, received a contribution of 1.79 million euro to get started with the Naardermeer and protect a natural marsh so otters will be albe to settle there. Delta Plan for Biodiversity , IUCN and SoortenNL were surprised with a contribution for the restoration of Dutch biodiversity.
Discovering Banhine National Park
Recordopbrengst Postcode Loterij: ruim 376 miljoen euro voor een betere wereld


text:
Ash Grove man convicted of sexually abusing young family members
An Ash Grove man was convicted Thursday on multiple charges for sexually abusing two female family members under the ...
Ash Grove man convicted of sexually abusing young family members An Ash Grove man was convicted Thursday on multiple charges for sexually abusing two female family members under the ... Check out this story on news-leader.com: http://sgfnow.co/1eKZRWV
SNL Published 3:52 p.m. CT Jan. 10, 2014 | Updated 4:23 p.m. CT Jan. 10, 2014
Brett<252>Sanders<252>His sentencing hearing is scheduled March 14
An Ash Grove man was convicted Thursday on multiple charges for sexually abusing two female family members under the age of 12 between 2008 and 2011.
Brett Sanders, 54, was convicted of three felony counts of first-degree statutory sodomy, one felony count of sexual misconduct involving a child and two felony counts of first-degree child molestation, according to a news release from the Greene County Prosecuting Attorney's Office. A jury deliberated for a little over three hours before delivering the verdict.
Both of Sanders' victims, now 14 and 12, testified about their sexual abuse at the trial, according to the release. At the time of the abuse, they were living at Sanders' home, and only disclosed the abuse when they moved away from Sanders to another state.
When asked why they didn't disclose the abuse earlier, the older victim testified that Sanders threatened her with a gun, and the younger victim testified that she was scared, according to the release.
The older victim also testified that she would try to protect her younger sister from the abuse by drawing Sanders' attention away from her sister "even though she knew that it would mean that she would be abused more," according to the release.
The victims' mother testified to the effects of the abuse on her daughters, according to the release.
The jury recommended a life sentence for each statutory sodomy conviction, as well as a four-year sentence for the sexual misconduct involving a child conviction and a 10-year sentence for each child molestation conviction, according to the release. A sentencing hearing is scheduled for March 14.
Read or Share this story: http://sgfnow.co/1eKZRWV


US President Trump has said that Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman "could very well" have known in advance about the plan to kill journalist Jamal Khashoggi, but the US will remain a "steadfast partner" of Saudi Arabia.
BREAKING: US President Donald Trump issues statement in Support of #Saudi Arabia as regional partner & vs Iran.
Trump went no further with that train of thought, and instead reaffirmed the strategic alliance between the US and Saudi Arabia. The Kingdom, he wrote, is an important ally against Iran and a vital supplier of oil.
The president again touted the importance of maintaining the US' $110 billion arms deal with the Saudi government, which he said means "tremendous economic development" for the US.
"I'm not going to destroy the world economy, and I'm not going to destroy the economy for our country by being foolish with Saudi Arabia," Trump told reporters on Tuesday.
Trump's insistence on maintaining lucrative arms deals stands in stark contrast with the response from some of his allies. On Monday, the German Economic Ministry confirmed that all of its arms deals with Saudi Arabia, including those inked before Khashoggi's disappearance in October, have been canceled.
Trump did however sanction 17 Saudi individuals last week, including Maher Abdulaziz Mutreb, who Turkish authorities believe led a 15-man 'kill team' to Istanbul to murder Khashoggi.
Trump's lukewarm response to the killing has been criticized by lawmakers in the US Republican Senator Rand Paul said that Trump should suspend the US' arms deal with Riyadh, and Republican Senator Lindsey Graham, a close ally of Trump, also said on Sunday that he considers The Crown Prince personally responsible for Khashoggi's death.
"They are an important ally but when it comes to the Crown Prince, he's irrational, he's unhinged and I think he's done a lot of damage to the relationship (between) the United States and Saudi Arabia. And I have no intention of working with him ever again," he told NBC.
Trump said that while he will "consider whatever ideas" presented to him, he is unlikely to take any steps to shake up his relationship with the Kingdom.


text:
\section{Introduction}

\begin{picture}(0,0)%
  \put(350,420){%
    \put(2.3,-75){YNU-HEPTh-06-103}
    \put(2.3,-90){KUNS-2017}
    \put(2.3,-105){April 2006}
  }%
\end{picture}%
The investigation of the photon structure has been an active field
of research both theoretically and experimentally~\cite{Kraw,Nisi,Klas,Schi}.
Also there has been growing interest in the study of the spin
structure of photon. In particular, the first moment of the polarized
photon structure function $g_1^\gamma$ has attracted attention
in connection with its relevance to the QED and QCD axial
anomaly~\cite{ET,BASS,NSV,FS,BBS}. The polarized photon structure functions
can be measured from two-photon
processes in the polarized $e^+e^-$ collider experiments as shown in Fig.~1, where $-Q^2
(-P^2)$ is the  mass squared of the probe (target) photon.

\begin{figure}
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[scale=0.7]{ee2X.eps}
\vspace{-0.5cm}
\caption{Deep inelastic scattering on a virtual photon in $e^+~e^-$ collision.}
\end{center}
\end{figure}

For a real photon ($P^2=0$) target, there exists only one
spin-dependent structure function $g_1^\gamma(x, Q^2)$. The QCD analysis
for $g_1^\gamma$ was performed in the leading order (LO) \cite{KS} and
in the next-to-leading order (NLO) \cite{SV,GRS}. In the case of a virtual
photon target ($P^2\neq 0$) there appear two spin-dependent structure functions,
$g_1^\gamma(x, Q^2, P^2)$ and $g_2^\gamma(x, Q^2, P^2)$. The former has been
investigated up to the NLO in QCD by the present authors in\cite{SU1,SU2}, and also
in the second paper of \cite{GRS}. In Ref.\cite{SU1} the
structure function $g_1^\gamma(x, Q^2, P^2)$ was analysed in the kinematical region
\begin{equation}
\Lambda^2\ll P^2 \ll Q^2~, \label{Kinematical}
\end{equation}
where $\Lambda$ is the QCD scale  parameter. The
advantage to study the virtual photon target in this kinematical region is that
we can calculate structure functions  by the
perturbative method without any experimental data input~\cite{UW}, which is contrasted
with the case of the real photon  target where in the NLO there exist
nonperturbative pieces.

In this talk we focus on the photon structure function $g_1^\gamma$ and, in particular,
on the sum rule and present the
result  of the NNLO ($(\alpha\alpha_s^2)$) corrections to the
first moment of $g_1^\gamma(x,Q^2,P^2)$ in the case of the kinematical region
(\ref{Kinematical}).

\section{The sum rule of $g_1^\gamma$}
The polarized structure function $g_1^\gamma$ of the real photon
satisfies a remarkable sum rule \cite{ET,BASS,NSV,FS,BBS}
\begin{equation}
\int_0^1 dx~ g_1^\gamma(x,Q^2)=0~.\label{g1gammaReal}
\end{equation}
In fact, the authors of Ref.~\cite{BBS}
showed that the sum rule (\ref{g1gammaReal}), holds to all orders
in perturbation theory in both QED and QCD.

When the target photon becomes off-shell, i.e., $P^2\not= 0$, the first
moment of the corresponding photon structure function
$g_1^\gamma(x,Q^2,P^2)$ does not vanish any more.  Indeed, for the case
$\Lambda^2\ll P^2 \ll Q^2$, the first moment has been calculated
up to the NLO ($O(\alpha\alpha_s)$) in QCD as follows~\cite{NSV,SU1};
\begin{eqnarray}
&&\hspace{-0.8cm}\int_0^1dx g_1^\gamma(x,Q^2,P^2)\nonumber \\
&=&\! \!-\frac{3\alpha}{\pi}
\left[\sum_{i=1}^{n_f}e_i^4\left(1-\frac{\alpha_s(Q^2)}{\pi}\right)\right.
\nonumber\\
&&\! \!-\left.\frac{2}{\beta_0}(\sum_{i=1}^{n_f}e_i^2)^2\left(
\frac{\alpha_s(P^2)}{\pi}-\frac{\alpha_s(Q^2)}{\pi}\right)\right],\label{Oalpha}
\end{eqnarray}
with $\beta_0\!=\!11\!-\!2n_f/3$ being the one-loop QCD $\beta$ function.
Here
$\alpha\!=\!e^2/4\pi$ and $\alpha_s(Q^2)\!=\!{\overline g}^2(Q^2)/4\pi$
are the QED coupling constant and the QCD running coupling constant,
respectively, and
$e_i$ is the electromagnetic charge of the active quark with flavour $i$ in the unit of
proton charge and $n_f$ is the number of active quarks.
Note that the r.h.s. of (\ref{Oalpha}) does not involve any
experimental data input. This is because  the nonperturbative pieces, which
take part in the real photon target case, can be neglected
in the kinematical region (\ref{Kinematical}) and the whole twist-two
contributions to $g_1^\gamma(x,Q^2,P^2)$ can be computed by the perturbative
method. It is also noted that the first term in the square brackets of the r.h.s. of
(\ref{Oalpha})  results from the QED triangle anomaly while the second term comes from
the QCD triangle anomaly.

\section{The NNLO ($\alpha\alpha_s^2$) corrections}

Now we calculate the NNLO $(\alpha\alpha_s^2)$ corrections to the
first moment of $g_1^\gamma(x,Q^2,P^2)$.
First recall that for the operator product expansion (OPE) of two electromagnetic
(and thus gauge-invariant) currents,   only gauge-invariant operators need be
included with their renormalization basis~\cite{Collins}.
Since there is no gauge-invariant twist-two  gluon and photon
operators with  spin one, we need to consider only quark operators, i.e.,
the flavour singlet $R_{S}^{\sigma}$
and nonsinglet $R_{NS}^\sigma$ axial currents, as follows:
\begin{equation}
  R_{S}^{\sigma} =\overline{\psi}\gamma^\sigma\gamma_5~1\psi
, \ \
  R_{NS}^\sigma =\overline{\psi}\gamma^\sigma\gamma_5
             (Q^2_{ch}-\langle e^2 \rangle 1)\psi, \label{axialcurrent}
\end{equation}
where $1$ is an $n_f \times n_f$ unit matrix and $Q^2_{ch}$ is the square of the
$n_f \times n_f$ quark-charge matrix.

Then the first moment of $g_1^\gamma(x,Q^2,P^2)$ is expressed as
\begin{eqnarray}
&&\hspace{-0.8cm}\int_0^1 dx g_1^\gamma(x,Q^2,P^2)\label{MasterEq}\\
&=& C_S(Q^2/\mu^2,{\bar g}(\mu^2),\alpha)\langle \gamma(p)|
R_S(\mu^2)|\gamma(p)\rangle \nonumber\\
&+&
 C_{NS}(Q^2/\mu^2,{\bar g}(\mu^2),\alpha)\langle \gamma(p)|
R_{NS}(\mu^2)|\gamma(p)\rangle~. \nonumber
\end{eqnarray}
Here $C_S$ and $C_{NS}$ are the coefficient functions
corresponding to the currents $R_{S}^{\sigma}$ and $R_{NS}^{\sigma}$,
respectively, and $\langle \gamma(p)|R_i(\mu^2)|\gamma(p)\rangle$
with $i=S, NS$ are the photon matrix elements of these quark axial currents.
We choose the renormalization point $\mu$ at
$\mu^2=P^2$.

The coefficient functions are given by
\begin{eqnarray}
&&\hspace{-0.8cm}C_i(Q^2/P^2,{\bar g}(P^2),\alpha) \nonumber\\
&=&\!\!\exp\left[\int_{{\bar g}(Q^2)}^{{\bar
g}(P^2)}dg'\frac{{\gamma}_i(g')}{\beta(g')}\right]C_i(1,{\bar g}(Q^2),\alpha),
\end{eqnarray}
where $i=S, NS$ and ${\gamma}_i(g)$ is the anomalous dimension of the quark axial current
$R_i^\sigma$ and $\beta(g)$ is the QCD $\beta$-function.
We expand ${\gamma}_i(g)$ in powers of $g$ as
\begin{eqnarray}
&&\hspace{-0.8cm}\gamma_i(g)=\gamma_i^{(0)}\frac{g^2}{16\pi^2}+\gamma_i^{(1)}(\frac{g^2}{16\pi^2})^
2\nonumber \\
&&\qquad \qquad +\gamma_i^{(2)}(\frac{g^2}{16\pi^2})^3+{\cal O}(g^8)~. \label{AnomalousDimension}
\end{eqnarray}
Since the nonsinglet quark axial current $R_{NS}^\sigma$ is conserved in the massless
limit,  it undergoes no renormalization, and thus  we have
\begin{equation}
\gamma_{NS}^{(0)}=\gamma_{NS}^{(1)}=\gamma_{NS}^{(2)}=\cdots =0~.
\end{equation}
On the other hand, the singlet axial current $R_{S}^\sigma$ has
a non-zero anomalous dimension $\gamma_S(g)$ due to the axial anomaly.
At the one-loop level, we know $\gamma_{S}^{(0)}=0$.
The two-loop~\cite{JK} and three-loop~\cite{Larin1}
results are:
\begin{eqnarray}
\gamma_{S}^{(1)}\!\! &=&\!\! 12C_F n_f,\\
\gamma_{S}^{(2)}\!\! &=&\!\! \Bigl(\frac{284}{3}C_FC_A-36C_F^2\Bigr)n_f-\frac{8}{3}C_Fn_f^2,
\end{eqnarray}
with $C_F=\frac{4}{3}$ and $C_A=3$.
The result $\gamma_{S}^{(2)}$ was obtained in the $\overline{\rm MS}$ scheme
with a definition of the $\gamma_5$-matrix as
\begin{equation}
\gamma_\mu\gamma_5=\frac{i}{3!}\epsilon_{\mu\rho\sigma\tau}\gamma^\rho\gamma^\sigma\gamma^\tau,
\label{gamma5}
\end{equation}
being used.

The $\beta$ function has been calculated up to the four-loop level
in the $\overline{\rm MS}$ scheme~\cite{vRVL,Czakon}.
For numerical analysis, we will use later the QCD running coupling constant $\alpha_s(Q^2)$
where the results up to the three-loop level are taken care of \cite{AlphaStrong}.
But for the present  we only need the
$\beta$ function  up to the two-loop level:
\begin{eqnarray}
&&\hspace{-0.8cm}\mu \frac{\partial g}{\partial \mu}=\beta(g) \nonumber\\
&&=-\beta_0 \frac{g^3}{16\pi^2}-\beta_1
\frac{g^5}{(16\pi^2)^2}+\cdots~, \label{betaFunc}
\end{eqnarray}
with the $SU_C(3)$ value
\begin{eqnarray}
\beta_0&=&11-\frac{2}{3} n_f~, \nonumber\\
\beta_1&=&102-\frac{38}{3}n_f~.
\end{eqnarray}
Using Eqs.(\ref{AnomalousDimension}) and (\ref{betaFunc}) we obtain
\begin{eqnarray}
&&\hspace{-0.8cm}\exp\left[\int_{{\bar
g}(Q^2)}^{{\bar g}(P^2)}dg'\frac{{\gamma}_S(g')}{\beta(g')}\right]\nonumber \\
&&\hspace{-0.8cm}= 1 +
\frac{\gamma_S^{(1)}}{8\beta_0}
 \Bigl(\frac{\alpha_s(Q^2)}{\pi}-\frac{\alpha_s(P^2)}{\pi}\Bigr)\\
&&\hspace{-0.6cm}+ \frac{1}{64\beta_0}\Bigl(\gamma_S^{(2)} -\gamma_S^{(1)}\frac{\beta_1}{\beta_0}
\Bigr)\nonumber \\
&&\hspace{1.5cm} \times\Bigl[\Bigl( \frac{\alpha_s(Q^2)}{\pi}  \Bigr)^2- \Bigl(
\frac{\alpha_s(P^2)}{\pi}
\Bigr)^2
\Bigr]\nonumber\\
&&\hspace{-0.6cm}+ \frac{1}{128}\Bigl(\frac{\gamma_S^{(1)}}{\beta_0}   \Bigr)^2
\biggl( \frac{\alpha_s(Q^2)}{\pi} - \frac{\alpha_s(P^2)}{\pi}  \biggr)^2
+{\cal O}(\alpha_s^3). \nonumber
\end{eqnarray}

We already have results of the singlet coefficient function $C_{S}(1,{\bar g}(Q^2),\alpha)$
calculated  up to the two-loop level~\cite{ZvN,Larin2}
and  the nonsinglet coefficient function $C_{NS}(1,{\bar g}(Q^2),\alpha)$
up to the three-loop level~\cite{LV1}. Both  were calculated
in the $\overline{\rm MS}$ scheme and with the definition of the $\gamma_5$-matrix
in (\ref{gamma5}).
Taking up to the two-loop level, we have
\begin{eqnarray}
&&\hspace{-0.8cm}C_S(1,{\bar
g}(Q^2),\alpha)/\langle e^2\rangle=1-\frac{3}{4}C_F\frac{\alpha_s(Q^2)}{\pi}\nonumber\\
&& +
C_F\Bigl[\frac{21}{32} C_F -\frac{23}{16}C_A+(\frac{1}{2}\zeta_3+ \frac{13}{48}) n_f
\Bigr]\nonumber\\
&& \qquad \times\Bigl(\frac{\alpha_s(Q^2)}{\pi}\Bigr) ^2, \\
&&\hspace{-0.8cm}C_{NS}(1,{\bar g}(Q^2),\alpha)=
1-\frac{3}{4}C_F\frac{\alpha_s(Q^2)}{\pi}  \\
&&+C_F\Bigl( \frac{21}{32}C_F-
\frac{23}{16}C_A +\frac{1}{4}n_f\Bigr)\Bigl( \frac{\alpha_s(Q^2)}{\pi} \Bigr)^2.\nonumber
\end{eqnarray}
where $\zeta_3$ is the Riemann zeta-function ($\zeta_3=1.202056903\cdots$).

For $-p^2=P^2 \gg \Lambda^2$,  the photon matrix elements of the quark axial currents
can be calculated perturbatively and they are expressed in the form as
\begin{equation}
\langle\gamma(p)|R_i(\mu^2=P^2)|\gamma(p)\rangle=
\frac{\alpha}{4\pi}A_i~,
\end{equation}
with $i=S, NS$, and
\begin{equation}
A_i=A_i^{(0)}+\frac{{\overline g}^2(P^2)}{16\pi^2}A_i^{(1)}+
\Bigl(\frac{{\overline g}^4(P^2)}{16\pi^2}\Bigr)^2 A_i^{(2)}+\cdots.
\end{equation}
The leading terms $A_i^{(0)}$ are connected with Adler-Bell-Jackiw anomaly and are given
by\cite{MvN}
\begin{eqnarray}
A_S^{(0)}&=&-12n_f \langle e^2  \rangle~, \\
A_{NS}^{(0)}&=& -12n_f(\langle e^4  \rangle-\langle e^2  \rangle^2)~.
\end{eqnarray}
In our talk given at RADCOR05, we reported that
for the next-leading and next-next-leading terms $A_i^{(1)}$ and
$A_i^{(2)}$,  we have
$A_S^{(1)}=A_{NS}^{(1)}=A_S^{(2)}=A_{NS}^{(2)}=0$
due to the nonrenormalization theorem~\cite{AB} for  the triangle anomaly.
It is true that we obtain
\begin{equation}
A_S^{(1)}=A_{NS}^{(1)}=A_{NS}^{(2)}=0~,
\end{equation}
but we found after the workshop that $A_S^{(2)}$ has a non-vanishing value.
 For the calculation of $A_S^{(2)}$, we need to
evaluate the three-loop Feynman graphs. Instead we resort to the Adler-Bardeen theorem
for the axial current $J_5^\mu(= R_{S}^{\mu}$ in (\ref{axialcurrent})),
\begin{equation}
\partial_\mu J_5^\mu=\frac{g^2}{16\pi^2}\frac{n_f}{2}G_{\mu\nu}{\tilde G}^{\mu\nu},\label{AdlerBardeen}
\end{equation}
which holds in all orders in $\alpha_s$, and we evaluate, in the $\overline{\rm MS}$ scheme,
the matrix element
\begin{equation}
{\epsilon_\lambda}^{\rho\sigma\tau}\langle 0|T[A_\rho^a\partial_\sigma A_\tau^a A_\mu(-p)
A_\nu(p)]|0 \rangle_{\rm amputated}~, \label{PMofGluon}
\end{equation}
in the two-loop level, where $A_\rho^a$ and $A_\mu$ are gluon and photon fields,
respectively.  Details will be reported
elsewhere~\cite{SUU}.   We found
\begin{equation}
A_S^{(2)}=24n_f\langle e^2  \rangle C_F \frac{n_f}{2}\Bigl(\frac{53}{3} -8 \zeta_3 \Bigr)~.
\end{equation}

Putting all these equations into Eq.(\ref{MasterEq}) with $\mu^2=P^2$, we finally
obtain the NNLO ($\alpha\alpha_s^2$) corrections to
the first moment of $g_1^\gamma(x,Q^2,P^2)$:
\begin{eqnarray}
&&\hspace{-0.8cm}\int_0^1 dx g_1^\gamma(x,Q^2,P^2)/\Bigl( - \frac{3\alpha}{\pi} \Bigr)\nonumber\\
&&\hspace{-0.8cm} =\sum_i^{n_f} e_i^4
\left[1-\frac{\alpha_s(Q^2)}{\pi}\right]\nonumber\\
&&\hspace{-0.6cm} - \frac{2}{\beta_0} \Bigl(\sum_i^{n_f} e_i^2 \Bigr)^2
\left[\frac{\alpha_s(P^2)}{\pi}-\frac{\alpha_s(Q^2)}{\pi}\right] \nonumber\\
&&\hspace{-0.6cm} + \frac{2}{\beta_0} \Bigl(\sum_i^{n_f} e_i^2\Bigr)^2
\frac{\alpha_s(Q^2)}{\pi}
\left[\frac{\alpha_s(P^2)}{\pi}-\frac{\alpha_s(Q^2)}{\pi}\right] \nonumber\\
&&\hspace{-0.6cm} + \frac{1}{4\beta_0}
\Bigl(\frac{\beta_1}{\beta_0}-\frac{59}{3}+\frac{2}{9}n_f\Bigr) \Bigl(\sum_i^{n_f}
e_i^2\Bigr)^2\nonumber\\
&&\hspace{1.5cm} \times\left[\frac{\alpha_s^2(P^2)}{\pi^2}-\frac{\alpha_s^2(Q^2)}{\pi^2}\right]
\nonumber\\
 &&\hspace{-0.6cm} + \frac{2n_f}{\beta_0^2} \Bigl(\sum_i^{n_f} e_i^2\Bigr)^2
\left[\frac{\alpha_s(P^2)}{\pi}-\frac{\alpha_s(Q^2)}{\pi}\right]^2 \nonumber\\
&&\hspace{-0.6cm} - \Bigl(\frac{55}{12}-\frac{1}{3}n_f\Bigr) \sum_i^{n_f} e_i^4
\frac{\alpha_s^2(Q^2)}{\pi^2}\nonumber\\
&&\hspace{-0.6cm} + \Bigl(\frac{2}{3}\zeta_3+\frac{1}{36}\Bigr) \Bigl(\sum_i^{n_f} e_i^2\Bigr)^2
\frac{\alpha_s^2(Q^2)}{\pi^2}\nonumber\\
&&\hspace{-0.6cm} -\frac{1}{12} \Bigl(\frac{53}{3}-8\zeta_3\Bigr) \Bigl(\sum_i^{n_f}
e_i^2\Bigr)^2
\frac{\alpha_s^2(P^2)}{\pi^2}~,
\label{finalResult}
\end{eqnarray}
where the third to 8th terms  are the NNLO contributions.
In the case of $n_f=4$, for an example, we have
\begin{eqnarray}
&&\hspace{-0.8cm}\int_0^1 dx g_1^\gamma(x,Q^2,P^2)\nonumber\\
&&\hspace{-0.8cm} =-
\frac{3\alpha}{\pi}\Biggl\{0.4198-0.1235\frac{\alpha_s(Q^2)}{\pi}
-0.2963\frac{\alpha_s(P^2)}{\pi}\nonumber\\
&&\hspace{-0.5cm} -0.02731\Bigl( \frac{\alpha_s(Q^2)}{\pi}  \Bigr)^2 +0.01185
\frac{\alpha_s(Q^2)}{\pi}\frac{\alpha_s(P^2)}{\pi}\nonumber\\
&&\hspace{1.5cm} -1.153\Bigl(
\frac{\alpha_s(P^2)}{\pi}  \Bigr)^2  \Biggr\}~.
\end{eqnarray}

To estimate the sizes of the NLO ($\alpha\alpha_s$) and NNLO ($\alpha\alpha_s^2$)
corrections compared to the LO ($\alpha$) term, we take, for instance, $Q^2=30$ and 100 ${\rm
GeV}^2$,  and $P^2=3~{\rm GeV}^2$. The corresponding values of $\alpha_s$ are
obtained from Ref.\cite{AlphaStrong}. We get $\alpha_s(Q^2\!=\!30{\rm
GeV}^2)\!=\!0.2048$, $\alpha_s(Q^2\!=\!100{\rm
GeV}^2)\!=\!0.1762$, and $\alpha_s(P^2\!=\!3{\rm
GeV}^2)\!=\!0.3211$. The results are given in Table \ref{NNLOvsSUM}.

\begin{table*}[tb]
\begin{center}
  \caption{The NLO and NNLO contributions relative to LO
           in the first moment of $g_1^\gamma(x,Q^2,P^2)$.}
  \begin{tabular}{c l ccc r@{.}l r@{.}l r@{.}l c}
    \hline
    \quad & & $Q^2/\mbox{GeV}^2$ & $P^2/\mbox{GeV}^2$ & LO
          & \multicolumn{2}{c}{NLO} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{NNLO}
          & \multicolumn{2}{c}{NNLO/(LO+NLO)}
          & \quad \\
    \hline
    & $n_f=3$ & \phantom{0}30 & 3 & 1 & -0&0816  & -0&0250 & -0&0272\\
    &         &           100 & 3 & 1 & -0&0766  & -0&0234 & -0&0254\\
    & $n_f=4$ & \phantom{0}30 & 3 & 1 & -0&0913  & -0&0288 & -0&0317\\
    &         &           100 & 3 & 1 & -0&0886  & -0&0287 & -0&0315\\
    & $n_f=5$ & \phantom{0}30 & 3 & 1 & -0&0986  & -0&0309 & -0&0343\\
    &         &           100 & 3 & 1 & -0&0977  & -0&0319 & -0&0354\\
    \hline
  \end{tabular}
\label{NNLOvsSUM}
\end{center}
\end{table*}

\section{Summary}

We have investigated  the next-to-next-to-leading order ($\alpha \alpha_s^2$) corrections to the
first moment of the  polarized virtual photon
structure function $g_1^\gamma(x,Q^2,P^2)$ in the kinematical region
$Q^2\gg P^2 \gg \Lambda^2$ in QCD. All the necessary information on
the coefficient functions and anomalous dimensions corresponding to
the quark axial currents has been already known, except for
the three-loop-level photon matrix element (the finite term) of the flavour singlet quark axial
current $R^\mu_S$. Instead of evaluating the  relevant  three-loop Feynman diagrams, we resort to
the Adler-Bardeen theorem  for the axial current (\ref{AdlerBardeen}). Then
calculation reduces to the one in the two-loop level. We evaluate in effect the two-loop
diagrams for the photon matrix element of the gluon operator (\ref{PMofGluon}).

The  $\alpha \alpha_s^2$ corrections are found to be about 3\%
of the sum of the leading ($\alpha$) and the next-to-leading ($\alpha\alpha_s$) contributions,
when $Q^2=30\sim 100 {\rm GeV}^2$ and $P^2=3 {\rm GeV}^2$.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


Ancient Stones - Borders - 002 White Stone, Innerleithen Road, Peebles.
"So called because it is a quartz rock believed to have been carried to this location during the Ice Age. The White Stone is frequently referred to in the records of the Burgh of Peebles. It became the spot where visitors were welcomed by the magistrates on their entry to the town and where parting guests drank from the stirrup cup."
From Station Road car park in Peebles, walk south towards the town centre. Immediately turn left and follow Innerleithen Road running to the west. Cross over the road at the roundabout and continue. The stone is situated on the south side of the road (A72) opposite the entrance to Peebles Hotel Hydro.
"The Quhyt Stane on the north half of the gat rekand to the Wenlaw".
You can work that one out for yourself!
To date, no other folklore has been found relating to the White Stone, but it is interesting to note that quartz boulders or stones are often found at ancient sites and, just perhaps, the White Stone may have had some folklore or tradition associated with it in the past, sadly now long forgotten.
Despite not being a traditional standing stone, the "Quhyt Stane" is impressive, sitting proud in a small alcove beside a busy main road. Perhaps the most amazing thing is that it has survived for more than 500 years and once served as a boundary stone for the borough of Peebles. The best time to see this stone is at night, under a full moon, when the stone seems to glow with its own inner light. Okay, not really a stone for the megalithic enthusiast but for those with an interest in stones, well worth a visit. Some say that a face if sometimes visible on the stone, if the light is just right!


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text:
Headless computer
(Redirected from Headless system)
Find sources: "Headless computer" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (August 2016) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
A headless system is a computer system or device that has been configured to operate without a monitor (the missing "head"), keyboard, and mouse. A headless system is typically controlled over a network connection, although some headless system devices require a serial connection to be made over RS-232 for administration of the device. Headless operation of a server is typically employed to reduce operating costs.[1]
PC BIOS limitationsEdit
During bootup, some (especially older) PC BIOS versions will wait indefinitely for a user to press a key before proceeding. If some basic device, such as a video card or keyboard, are not installed or connected, this could effectively halt an unattended system.
On more modern systems, the BIOS factory setting will typically be configured to behave this way as well, but this setting can be changed with a BIOS setup utility to proceed without user intervention.
Even in cases where a system has been set up to be managed remotely, a local keyboard and video card may still be needed from time to time. For example, diagnose boot problems that occur before a remote access application is initialized.
Hardware remote controlEdit
Some servers provide for remote control with an internal network card and hardware that mirrors the console screen. For example, HP offers a system called Integrated Lights-Out (iLO) that provides this function.[2] Remote access to the system is gained using a secure web connection to an IP address assigned to the iLO adapter, and allows for monitoring of the system during start-up, before the operating system is loaded.
Another hardware solution is to use a KVM-over-IP switch. Such a switch is a traditional Keyboard-Video-Mouse device with the added ability to provide remote control sessions over IP.[3] Connection to the KVM device is gained using a web browser, which allows for remote monitoring of the connected system console port.
Software remote controlEdit
a real terminal (DEC VT100)
a virtual terminal (gnome-terminal)
Administration of a headless system typically takes place with a text-based interface such as a command line in Unix or in Linux. These interfaces, often called "virtual terminals" or "terminal emulators", attempt to simulate the behavior of "real" interface terminals like the Digital Equipment Corporation's VT100, but over networks, usually using protocols such as Secure Shell.
One can also use systems such as X Window System and VNC combined with virtual display drivers - this setup allows remote connections to headless machines through ordinary graphical user interfaces, often running over network protocols like TCP/IP.
Headless software
^ "What Is Headless Linux?". Houston Chronicle.
^ "Overview - HP Integrated Lights-Out". Hewlett-Packard. 2003.
^ William Boswell (2003). Inside Windows Server 2003. Addison Wesley. p. 119. ISBN 978-0735711587.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Headless_computer&oldid=881339844"


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China bytes
The challenges of starting a business in China can be clearly seen from the experiences of two computer companies, one Chinese and one Western
Books & artsJun 17th 2006 edition
LENOVO is arguably China's most important company, rising from obscurity 20 years ago to become the world's third-largest manufacturer of personal computers. Its purchase, for $1.25 billion in late 2004, of IBM's PC division, which boasted four times its own volume of sales, still ranks as one of the most daring overseas acquisitions by a Chinese company.
Yet there was nothing inevitable about Lenovo's ascent. Its founder Liu Chuanzhi was determined and politically shrewd. But as Ling Zhijun, a respected Chinese journalist, chronicles in this exhaustive new account, Mr Liu and his colleagues—most of whom started in business in their 40s—had no experience of running a private company, no idea about modern computers (the first mainframes had to be cooled with ice cubes and a fan) and a formal education that had been cut short by the Cultural Revolution. As they built Lenovo, whose Chinese name is Lianxiang, they had to teach not just themselves, but a generation of Chinese bureaucrats how to run and regulate a private corporation.
Mr Ling's impeccably sourced, fly-on-the-wall account of the company's struggles is fascinating. Lenovo depended on the protection and goodwill of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, which also became its biggest shareholder. However, despite Lenovo's subsequent stockmarket listing in Hong Kong and its skill in sidestepping ludicrous government rules against everything from differential pay and bonuses to control of the supply chain, the book attributes Lenovo's success a little too often to its state shareholders. Ownership of private assets is highly sensitive in China, and previous attempts by the government to reclaim ownership of effectively private companies have often proved disastrous—bankrupting Kelon, a fridge-maker, for example. With luck, Lenovo will escape this fate.
Mr Ling gives most of the credit for Lenovo's success to Mr Liu, who pushed boundaries while staying just the right side of the ideological line—and by doing so, changed the way China does business. Mr Liu launched incentive schemes and share options to motivate Lenovo's staff—handing out suitcases of cash and risking imprisonment to sidestep the government's 300% tax on bonus payments. The tax was subsequently scrapped. He pushed for a handful of employees to own their own homes—a revolutionary initiative in 1992—prompting China Construction Bank to announce the nation's first- ever personal loans and newspaper headlines to cry: "How can young people live in three whole rooms?" Lenovo was the first Chinese company to create advertisements that did more than just name a product and its price—so introducing brand building to China. And Mr Liu accepted China's limits. Though politicians and his own engineers urged him to develop a "Chinese chip" and fight Western competitors on quality, Mr Liu resisted. Seeing that Chinese science lagged behind, he focused instead on cutting prices and copying Western technology and sales methods.
Mr Ling's book is, however, a history. Despite its title, it offers no new detail about the IBM purchase that propelled Lenovo onto the world stage. Most mergers between Chinese and Western companies stumble. Insiders suggest this one may be faring better than most under William Amelio, the former head of Dell's Asia-Pacific division. It is too early to know for sure and Lenovo's history may be a poor guide to its future.
If Lenovo's rise in China has been haphazard, Microsoft's feels pre-programmed. Opening a research laboratory in China in 1998, a pioneering move for a foreign company, was a calculated decision intended to help Microsoft attract fresh, cheap talent. That, combined with an investment of more than $100m, helped repair relations with Beijing that had been damaged by the group's heavy-handed commercial dealings in China.
On most fronts, it has worked. On his first visit to China in 1994, Microsoft's chairman, Bill Gates, was treated frostily by China's then president, Jiang Zemin. By the time he returned in 2003, the two were exchanging jokes. And the lab certainly attracted top-flight talent. In "Guanxi", Robert Buderi and Gregory Huang, both technology journalists, describe one example after another of the clever scientists that were hired by Microsoft. Yet despite 750 published scientific papers and 72 technologies transferred into Microsoft products in its first five years, the Beijing lab now appears to be losing ground to Google, Nokia and Sony. After a bitter court battle, Lee Kai-Fu, Microsoft's top Chinese scientist and the founder of the Beijing lab, left in 2005 to join Google.
Both books suggest that China has the raw material—smart, driven, educated people—it needs to push its high-tech ambitions. Yet managing those people while navigating an opaque bureaucracy and an unpredictable business environment matters just as much as writing code or designing hardware—and will determine whether China can move from the world's workshop to becoming a serious force in global technology.
This article appeared in the Books & arts section of the print edition under the headline "China bytes"
More from Books & arts
Ripley's creator at 100
A poisonous person, Patricia Highsmith was an enduring writer
Mikhail Gorbachev's afterlife
The life and love of the Soviet Union's last leader
Mariana Mazzucato wants to revive the Apollo spirit


Collaboration is at the heart of the Northern Netherlands' regional innovation strategy (RIS3): bringing businesses, knowledge centers and preferably end-users together in innovative environments where open innovation and entrepreneurial discoveries are stimulated. The aim is to create a fertile ecosystem for innovation in the Northern Netherlands.
Read more on the ONLINE S3 Northern Netherlands Pilot in the Newsletter volume 10.


What Exactly Are Pinched Nerves in Dogs?
So what are pinched nerves in dogs and what are the symptoms? First and foremost, let's take a lesson in basic anatomy so we can better understand how your dog may have gotten a pinched nerve in the neck in the first place.
Your dog's spinal column is composed by several overlapping small bones known as vertebrae which allow smooth movement and flexibility in the neck and back area. Between one vertebrae and another, are several disks which are meant to cushion and prevent the vertebrae from rubbing against each other.
These disks, commonly referred to as "intervertebral disks" are meant to protect the spinal cord, a cable of nerves which branch off the spine and are responsible for relaying important information between your dog's brain and the rest of his body.
From head to tail, your dog's spinal column is composed by 4 vertebral regions: cervical, thoracic, lumbar and sacral. In this article, we will be focusing on the cervical vertebrae, basically, the ones in the neck area.
Dogs have seven vertebrae in the neck region (see picture below). The function of these vertebrae is to support to head and protect the vital spinal cord. They are displayed in such a way as to form a curvy "S" which allows flexibility and movement.
Let's take a brief look at their main functions. The first neck vertebrae is known as the "Atlas" and its main purpose is to allow your dog to raise his head up and lower it down. The second neck vertebrae is known as the "Axis". This vertebrae allows the head and neck to rotate. The remaining 5 vertebrae are quite similar in structure among each other.
When all goes well and your dog's cervical vertebrae are in good shape, your dog is happy and healthy. He flexes his neck without problems and enjoys every day activities.
Problems start when for one reason or another (trauma, genetic predisposition as seen in dogs with long backs such as dachshunds, being overweight, the presence of a tumor or simply an effect of aging due to degeneration) an intervertebral disk herniates and presses on the nerve roots, special fiber bundles that come off the dog's spinal cord triggering pressure, pain and a variety of symptoms.
It's the neck version of intervertebral disk disease, except for the fact that it affects the neck rather than the spine. In the next paragraph, we will take a look at the main symptoms of pinched nerves in the neck in dogs.
According to veterinarian Wendy C. Brooks, cervical disk herniations tend to occur in 15% of dogs affected by disk herniation and 80 percent of dogs affected are dachshunds, poodles and beagles. The most susceptible vertebrae to disk herniation appear to be the C2-C3 vertebrae.
Whether your dog's cervical vertebrae pinch the the nerves in the spinal cord or compress the spinal column, you may see a variety of symptoms that may not be readily recognized or are not taking seriously. Depending of how severe the condition is, your dog's symptoms may range from being mild to quite severe. It's very important to see the vet immediately should your dog show these signs.
Dogs may manifest pain in different ways than us humans. As vocal beings, humans are prone to vocalizing their pain through an "ouch!" or by complaining.
Dogs, on the other hand, are less vocal and their pain manifestations aren't recognized. Yawning, panting, smacking lips, breathing fast and moving from one resting spot to another, may be signs your dog is in pain.
While some dogs may yelp or whine when in pain, don't take lack of vocalizations as a necessary sign that your dog is not in pain!
When my dog developed a pinched nerve in his neck, he was restless, unable to find a new position, getting up repeatedly, breathing fast, panting, lip smacking, licking and yelping when he was getting up from a sleeping position and lifting his chin. Small dogs may yelp when being picked up.
The neck is painful and quite stiff. Your dog will assume positions in an attempt to give relief to the neck area. He may arch his back or point his nose to the ground. You may notice tension and tremors in the muscles of the neck area.Your dog may be reluctant to move his head side-to-side or to turn around in tight spaces.
When my Rottweiler developed a pinched nerve in his neck last week, he refused to spin around (a trick he does sometimes) and he was showing me whale eyes (the white of the eyes) because he was looking at me without turning his neck.
Eating requires dogs to lower their head and this can be painful in a dog with neck pain so some dogs may back away from the food bowl or refuse to eat.
If your dog appears to walk as if he's drunk, that may be a sign of cervical problems. Some dogs may not clearly stumble but may appear slightly uncoordinated. Some dogs may simply walk slowly with their head kept low, others may even buckle over in their front legs as they walk and stumble.
Some dogs may limp or hold up a leg. When my dog developed a pinched nerve in his neck, we saw him once limp on his front leg for a few seconds and for a split second it appeared as if he was limping on a back leg too.
As we mentioned earlier, the spinal cord is responsible for relaying important information between the brain and the rest of the dog's body. When the nerves in this area are damaged, the nerves responsible for relaying information to the limbs stop transmitting this information.
While relatively minor spinal cord damage may just cause loss of coordination (ataxia) and a "drunken" gait, as mentioned before, significant damage may lead to paralysis and a loss of pain sensation in the limbs. According to the American College of Veterinary Surgeons, depending on the length of time pain sensation was lost, affected dogs may carry a very poor prognosis for recovery.
Proprioception may sound like a complicated term, but all it means is your dog's ability to sense the way his body is positioned. When this ability is not present, it could be indicative of a neurological condition affecting the brain's ability to relay information to the body, and a spinal cord issue may be a cause for this.
Affected dogs may be seen dragging their legs in an abnormal fashion and failing to reposition their legs as they normally would during a neurological exam. See video below for an example.
The only supplement that is crafted to address spinal issues that I am aware of. I have looked at the reviews and it looks like a promising product. Has ingredients that makes it quite unique compared to the average joint products. Have been giving it to my dog to prevent neck issues and it has helped reduce the frequency of flare ups.
Dogs with spinal problems may need different treatments. Treatment varies based on what the dog has. For instance, if the nerve is simply pinched or if it's herniated and actually ends up pressing on the spinal column causing neurological signs, treatment will be different. It may also vary based on how severe the dog's symptoms are and how promptly the owner takes the dog to the vet.
If you suspect a spinal problem in your dog, it's vital to have your dog see your vet immediately. With certain conditions, the longer you wait to seek help the worse the prognosis, since things can progress quickly.
Your vet will likely examine your dog, move his head around and palpate his spine. He'll look for signs of pain and reluctance to turn the head. While x-rays are often done to diagnose conditions, in the case of a pinched nerve, x-rays aren't very effective in showing prolapsed discs.
A myelogram done with contrast dye is more effective. If your vet suspects a pinched nerve, he'll likely put your dog on a muscle relaxant and an anti-inflammatory drug. Some vets may prescribe corticosteroids to reduce the swelling.
When my Rottweiler got his pinched nerve, he was prescribed methocarbamol (a muscle relaxer) and meloxicam (also known as Metacam, a popular non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug). The vet wanted to originally prescribe Rimadyl, but my dog got side effects on that medication once as a puppy and I was afraid.
As much as I do not like giving my dogs NSAID's (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) unless absolutely necessary, my Rottweiler's pain was almost unbearable.
The vet asked me if I wanted to run blood tests to check my dog's kidneys and liver before sending me home with the medications and I said "yes, absolutely." This is very important because dogs with undetected liver or kidney problems taking these meds can develop serious side effects.
Also, it's not a bad idea to get blood work done also during and afterward, especially if your dog will be on them some time.
When your vet prescribes a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, watch your dog for side effects! Be wary of vomiting, diarrhea, decreased appetite, bloody stools, dark, tarry stools, jaundice and increased water consumption. I would recommend going out with your dog and checking his stool every time.
If you notice anything abnormal, notify your vet immediately. My Rottweiler vomited on day 6 of taking his Meloxicam and he was to take it for 7 days. When I called the vet, she told me to stop giving it.
Thankfully, he was doing better already so it was OK. If your dog is prescribed other medications, read the leaflet carefully so to learn what to watch for and report any side effects immediately to your vet.
Your dog will need rest to allow a scar to form over the disc material. This is the most important step as you want your dog to heal properly. If you allow exercise too soon and your dog has a herniated disk, the disk may herniate more causing the condition to worsen.
Be specifically careful not to let your dog jump on or off furniture, going up and down stairs, playing tug and letting your dog shake his toys with his head. Accompany your dog outside to potty and keep him on leash.
When you take your dog outside to potty, make sure he's on a harness rather than a collar. The last thing you want is having a collar encircle your neck when you have neck pain.
It would be in your dog's best interest to wear the harness all the time from now on to prevent future problems. The harness will put less strain on the neck if your dog should pull.
Cold compresses can help give temporary relief on top of giving prescription medications as suggested by the vet. Veterinarian Dr. Drew suggests applying an ice pack or cold compress for about 10 minutes if you are able to locate the painful area.
Whether to use ice or a warm compress is a matter of what you are dealing with. Dr. Dan says that if the pain is due to a pinched nerve, then ice works best as it decreases the local swelling around the nerve and it helps relieve pressure, but if there are muscles spasms and tension which are commonly seen with pinched nerves, then warm compresses will feel better but it's important to cover a large area for best relief. He therefore suggests starting using ice for 10 minutes at a time, and if no relief is seen after 2 to 3 treatments, then heat may be tried.
Some dog owners report success with chiropractic care. Yes, there are chiropractors catering to dogs too! Chiropractic care though isn't meant to replace veterinary care or surgery; it's simply an alternate care option for chronic cases or when there are side effects from medication.
What does chiropractic care accomplish? It focuses on the alignment of the spine. It's best to play it safe and look for a certified animal chiropractor .The American Veterinary Chiropractor Association offers listings for certified chiropractors.
Acupuncture is another option for dogs with disk problems. Sometimes it's used in conjunction with chiropractic care. My vet suggested that this is an option for my dog if things don't get better. She is an awesome vet that also does acupuncture.
Unfortunately, some cases don't respond well to medications and rest. According to veterinarian Nicholas Trout, medical management was found to fail in a study and didn't work in about 33 percent of dogs.
Some dogs may respond well to rest and medications initially, then once taken off, the're back to being painful or have relapses some time later. According to the University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, dogs showing neurological symptoms are the ones that are least responsive as their neurological symptoms suggest large quantities of extruded disk material pressing on the nerves. In such cases, a referral to a veterinary surgeon may be helpful so you can fully explore your options.
Severe cases or those that don't respond to rest and medications may necessitate surgery. The surgery is meant to to remove disc material. This is a delicate surgery as the nerve tissue is delicate. Surgeons cannot make guarantees on the outcome, but when things go well, affected dogs may improve significantly.
It's best to have the surgery carried out by a veterinary specialist such as a neurologist/neurosurgeon.
Disclaimer: this article is not to be used as a replacement for professional veterinary advice. If you suspect your dog has a pinched nerve, please see your vet for proper diagnosis and treatment. By reading this article, you accept this disclaimer.
My vet diagnosed my Pomeranian with being completely paralyzed. He was not peeing or pooping on his own. Two days ago, he began peeing on his own as well as pooping. He is standing on his back legs when I stand him on them, but he is not walking. Could this mean he is not completely paralyzed in his rear?
The improvement sounds promising. What did your vet diagnose your dog with exactly? With Fibrocartilaginous Embolism (FCE) for instance, it is found that 74% of dogs (according to one study) showed improvement. The maximum improvement tends to occur by 3 weeks after injury, with some dogs demonstrating some additional slow improvement over the course months.
If My Dog Has Canine Intervertebral Disc Disease, Will He Become Paralyzed?
Lucky, your dog needs veterinary care and pain meds from your vet. So sorry your dog got injured, I hope it wasn't intentional.
I have a golden doodle, 8 months old and he's about 70lbs. I have noticed a lot lately that he will be just standing around and twitches his neck like there is something wrong with it. The motion is very similar to like he's shaking his head to rotate his collar around. It's almost as he wants to shake it but goes to far and stops it and then tries again. I'm not sure if he tweaked his neck or slept wrong but noticed it for a bit now.
Molly my min Yorky began limping on front left leg, then later calapsed. Vet xrayed her but found nothing. The neurologist said she has a neck trauma. She was treated with steroids and antinflamitary drugs which have helped along with rest. But still limping slightly at times on front leg. Will this improve?
So our vet thinks our pup might have a similar problem, he wasn't able to get a exam because she gets nippy at the vet and couldn't get a muzzle on her. It all started Monday morning she was yelping and crying, we had a lot of trouble with getting her to jump into the car, but out she did fine. She's on rimadyl twice a day. She seemed to be a lot better so we decided to take her for a short walk. Well a minute into the walk she was in pain again, she pulls quite a bit, so I'm wondering if her neck is where her problem is. The vet thinks that she might have a pinched nerve. Any advice to make my husky more comfortable?
Sandra Goode, yes, Pepcid A/C can help prevent side effects of NSAID use such as Rimadyl. Only thing is vets not always prescribe it. My vet will write me a script for Metacam, but I had to personally ask if it was OK to give Pepcid, vet never suggested it and she told me she didn't think it was necessary with such short-term use of NSAID as in the case prescribed for my dog, 7 days for neck pain. Always best to ask the vet first as Pepcid needs to be used with caution in dogs with heart problems.
If you going to use Rimadyl give your animal pepsid,,, not pepto pesmol, put pepsid, im surprised vet didn't tell you that.... I went between....a couple days Rimadyl, then medcam. My cat now on medcam, but sparingly for his arthritis in hips...kidneys don't like, throws up a lot after, but he's use to throwing up...so I wait till I see his leg shaking after laying... after meds he's running. Play, etc. They gave me liquid opiod, but nope, kill animal fast with those and my cat hated Being messed up.
We have mom's dog in hospital now, her dog collapsed, have mass of none spurs in neck pressing on brain.... under a specialist neurologist...get redLtd of MRI today.
Ask your vet whether you can have a script for an appetite stimulant or should try Hill's A/D. With pain in the neck area, your dog may feel better for the time being, being hand fed or fed from an elevated bowl since it might hurt to lower the head to eat. Also, crunchy foods may hurt, so you may want to try canned or soak the food with a little broth (with no onion or garlic) or warm water. I find it concerning though that he hasn't been getting better in these days (or is he better, but just won't eat?) despite the injections.
My dog has the symptoms of moaning when changing elevation, restlessness, head hung low, and sensitivity when petted around the neck and back. My dog could easily have serious back problems but she only gets it at certain times. Usually, it's after she's had to wear her cone. My dog is allergic to the grass in the back yard and occasionally she'll get hot spots so I put a cone on her to prevent her from reaching her raw spots. She does sleep in it otherwise she'll irritate her spots while I'm asleep. Could all of this pain be a result of sleeping in her cone? Does anybody have a pet that experienced temporary back pain?
Pam May, got to dodgerlists website, you will find a forum with lot of people going through the same ordeal. Some vets even recommend 8 weeks of rest.
Shana, Make sure you follow your vet's direction to a T, restrict exercise and give medications as prescribed, and report back to him if you notice any pain. Your dog may need his pain meds adjusted or another med may need to be added. Softer foods like kibble soaked in water may help with the pain. From what I know, prognosis varies on several factors and one important factor in spinal injuries is whether your dog has sensation in the limbs. Presence of sensation in the front legs has a better prognosis. In some cases, surgical repair may be needed.
I know, I was in agony these days not to give him anything, and somehow we did it without rimadyl, but if Teddy couldn't lay down in 30 minutes - sure I would do anything to make his pain to go away. Maake sure he eats with those meds, and I think he will be fine in few days. The biggest problem after mads is to keep him resting, I so quite big improvment after I have succeeded to make him lay and sleep for 12 hours. I put my matrace on the floor so he could not jump during the night on the bed ( I know it sounds crazy, but what you gotta do, you gotta do :) Today, after whole 7 days, is the first daz that he wasn't in any pain and he didn't freeze with his spine arched and head down. I hope that everyday I will see some improvment. We are holding our fingers and paws crossed for fastest recovery!!
Awww, thanks! Best wishes for a speedy recovery for your dog too! My vet told me to give tramadol on top of metacam and methocarbonal in case he still has problems falling asleep. So picking up a prescpription for tramodol today. I hate to give all these meds!
Oh, no! I am so sorry to hear that, but I am sure that it will soon go away as he is in great hands!! Keep us posted, we are keeping our fingers crossed to get better as fast as he can!
You will have to ask your vet for the Rimadyl, each dog responds differently, and you have to always check for side effects. I know dogs who have been on it with no problems others who have gotten very sick. My dog was on Metacam which in my vet's opinion would have less side effects. My dog had to take it for 7 days, but had to stop at day 6 due to vomiting. The muscle relaxer was prescribed for the muscle spasms. Restricted activity can be tough, that means on leash to go potty, no jumping, running etc which can be difficult with an active dog.
Hello, my vet told me the pinched nerve in my dog's neck was acute and that he would get better with 1 week of rest and anti-inflammatories and muscle relaxer. Is your dog on any of these? While my vet said only 1 week of restricted activity, I found that it was better to do about 3 weeks of it, and even after these 3 weeks he was bit sore. Now he is fine, but he has had a few ups and downs every now and then.
I forgot to mention that his periods that he is "frozen" with his arched spine lasts shorter than before, and he had all listed symptoms except paralysiss, and his proprioception is excelent. Thanks for the answear.
I have just read all that you have written, and all the symptoms that you listed (), my poodle has it, for 5 days now,. I was wondering how long did it take for your dog to recover?
Tara, so sorry about your loss. Odd how it started as a nerve problem in the front leg and then progressed to the back. I own two senior Rottweilers and feel devastated every time they aren't feeling well, so can't imagine how it must feel to lose one.
Just lost my ten year old Rottweiler who started w a Bracheoplexus nerve problem in the front left leg. She responded well to steroids and pain Meds after not responding to Rimadyl and Robaxyn. We were doing so well, then her back legs started to go weak. After an examination and X-rays it was determined that she was suffering from arthritis. We increased the steroids which helped for a while but she slowly declined. After watching her fall and become helpless, I made the decision to let her go. It was one of the hardest things I've ever had to do in my life. The nerve problem started after she arrived home from a short stay at a pet hotel. I just have no idea what happened. She was fine and then she wasn't! God I miss her!!
Emmmm, first off that video is not made by me. It's made by a veterinarian. When my dog got a pinched nerve in his neck, he was also given a similar examination and he flinched in pain. The vet had to see these pain responses in order to diagnose him. Similar things are done in human medicine, when my dad had pain in his arm they twisted it in all directions and asked if it hurt. When I had stomach pains, the doctor palpated every location to see if it hurt-- and sure it did, but bingo the doctor figured out what if was and I was cured.
Why for a video would you cause a dog pain?? You need a new profession.
Hopefully, your dog will recover from this. My Rottweiler was in terrible pain, but got better with rest and the meds. Now, he may feel a bit stiff there, but is much better.
Took my 11 year-old spayed Dalmatian mix to the vet yesterday for limping in her right front leg as well as an ear infection. After taking her history, watching her walk and trying to manipulate her neck (which she resisted) he diagnosed her with a pinched nerve in her neck. She's now on meds for pain and inflammation which she needs to take for 10 days.
We were way off thinking it was something to do with her foot or possibly arthritis due to her age. This is why you take your dog to the vet. Hopefully she's on her way to recovery and I'm crossing my fingers for a few more good years with her.


text:
Budy  est un village polonais de la gmina de Trzcianne dans le powiat de Mońki et dans la voïvodie de Podlachie. Il se situe à environ 10 kilomètres à l'ouest de Trzcianne, à 16 kilomètres au sud-ouest de Mońki et à 50 kilomètres au nord-ouest de Bialystok.

Village dans la voïvodie de Podlachie
Powiat de Mońki

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Greatmats 2018 Make My Garage Great contest winner Chris Rivas purchased his 1951 Hudson Hornet a year ago from a long time Hudson enthusiast in Arlington, Texas.
Captivated by the Hudson Hornet's history of stock car racing dominance in the fifties, this Cypress Texas branch manager and mortgage loan originator attends car show as often as possible with is wife and sons.
A member of the Hudson Essex Terraplane (H-E-T) Club, which is an organization dedicated to preserving the products of the Hudson Motor Company, Rivs plans to use Greatmats Garage Flooring to makeover his garage and give his Hudsons a nicer home.


The Ring Road-based Radio Station-Starr Fm has been adjudged the Best Emerging Brand for 2014 by the organizers of the Global Professional Achievers awards, just 4 months into operations.
The event took place yesterdayat the Banquet Hall, Accra—and it was attended by the Deputy Minister for Tourism, Culture and Creative Arts, Dzifa Gomashie; Teddy Osei, founder of the famous Osibisa group, as well as Members of Parliament and several other high dignitaries.
Receiving the award on behalf of Starr Fm, the CEO-Kwabena Anokye Adisi, popularly known as Bola Ray said "this is the beginning of greater things to come and we give God all the glory".
Jeff Sowa, Head of Brands and Promotions at Starr FM said the award means the four-month old Radio Station will have to work hard now to prove to the world that the award was well deserved.
The Awards which has been running for over a decade is organized in partnership with Africa 2.0 Foundation in South Africa—it honours and recognises exceptional achievement in Business and Professions across Africa.
Mr. Edward Effah, CEO of Fidelity Bank, Ghana; Mrs. Kate Quartey-Papafio, CEO of Reroy Cables, Ghana, and Technology expert Ms Regina Agyare, CEO of Soronko Solutions, Ghana were among some of the awardees.
Teddy Osei of Osibisa Group was given a lifetime achievement award at the ceremony.
Congratulations Bola Ray….All de best ….