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Check-In With Suzanne
Winding Down 2022
and So Much Ahead for 2023
It seems like just yesterday we were ushering in 2022 – and now we are looking at 2023 just around the corner. For our association and industry, this has been another year of ongoing change and challenges – but also one of re-connection, evolution, and accomplishment. The recent recognition among BTN's Top 25 Influencers of this year is truly a testament to our GBTA staff and industry partners in how positive transformation can happen. It is the culmination of a super-charged collaborative team, fearless vision, dynamic strategy, and operational plans fueled by the momentum of the full support of our Boards, volunteers, members, and sponsors. We are grateful to – and for – all of you.
There's so much to look forward to in the year ahead as we continue to create the future of the global business travel industry together. We have great programming and events already lined up for 2023 – including, of course, our annual Convention in Dallas, August 13-15, 2023 (for which registration is now open.)
In 2023, our industry can continue to anticipate new changes and new twists – so get ready. But we will continue to evolve, to innovate, and bring our many perspectives together. At GBTA, we serve as the platform for collaborative change – a place and space for all sides to come together to tackle how travel can adapt and drive dynamic transformation in so many critical areas for our industry, people, and planet.
But for now, we unpack our bags for business travel and, for many, pack them instead for travel during this season of family, friends, festivities, and fun. It's also a time when many people have a chance to reflect, relax and recharge. (Our GBTA offices will be closed from December 26th through January 2nd to give our team a well-deserved break.)
Whatever you do, enjoy every minute of it – wishing you a wonderful holiday season and a happy new year.
Airlines Issue Travel Waivers Ahead of Massive 'Bomb Cyclone' (CNN)
Christmas Travel: How Major US Airlines Are Handling Passenger Demand (FOX BUSINESS)
Aeromexico to Work with Accelya to 'Fast Track' NDC Bookings (BTN EUROPE)
Authenticity, Sustainability Lead Hotel Design Trends Heading into 2023 (COSTAR)
Amadeus Invests in Mobility Solutions Company Eccocar (PHOCUSWIRE)
First in MT & Holiday Concerns (POLITICO) – FEATURES GBTA
London City Submits Application to Raise Passenger Cap (BTN EUROPE)
Business Travel Bounce Back – of Sorts (PROFESSIONAL SECURITY)
Leaders Ask US Congress to Speed Canadian Preclearance as Holiday Travel Rush Looms
GBTA was among the national and local leaders in business and tourism that recently sent letters to the U.S. Congress, calling on members to bolster preclearance operations at Toronto Pearson International Airport to decrease the wait times for travelers to key U.S. markets.
"Twenty-two million people were screened at preclearance operations in 2019, and supporting the program is crucial to facilitate business travel between the United States and Canada," said GBTA CEO Suzanne Neufang.
The US organizations also requested sufficient appropriations for U.S. Customs and Border Patrol (CBP) in the FY2023 budget to support regular security preclearance operations, and ensure Toronto Pearson has sufficient temporary officers and overtime funding to support travel this holiday season. The organizations also called on Congress to ask CBP to restart the processing of NEXUS applications in Canada to help facilitate the flow of travelers between the two countries.
Read the full announcement
GBTA Risk Committee
Risk Predictions for 2023
As we move from 2022 into the new year, it is important to evaluate the ever-changing travel and risk landscape. We should focus on developing solid processes to protect our companies and employees from the potential dangers both while traveling and in our normal business activities. Over the past couple of years, we have seen an increase in petty and organized crime as well as additional risks associated with climate change. Our plans to mitigate risk are often complicated by information overload and inaccurate information.
Belgium - Unionized police protesting in central Brussels, Belgium, Dec. 20. Increased security, localized disruptions reported.
China - Officials in Macau, China, ease COVID-19 requirements for inbound travelers Dec. 20. Other international curbs remain in effect.
Kosovo and Serbia - Tensions to remain high in northern Kosovo through at least December; heightened security, protests, clashes likely.
Peru - Police and military forces retake, reopen some airports and highways in Peru as of Dec. 19 in wake of unrest. Further protests likely.
Travel Risk Management Bootcamp Understanding and Implementing ISO31030
January 17 - 18
Convention 2023 registration is now open! Plan for your professional growth and education in 2023 and use any leftover 2022 budget to register for Convention 2023 in Dallas next August 13-15. Register Today
Regional Manager, GBTA Canada
The Regional Manager, GBTA Canada is a vital role in the continued growth and success of GBTA's region of Canada. Working as an extension of the Global Operations team, this role will be the main operational contributor for GBTA Canada. Learn More


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Impact of Biofield Treatment on Spectroscopic and Physicochemical Properties of p-Nitroaniline
Journal: Insights in Analytical Electrochemistry PDF
Published: 25 Sep 15 Volume: 1 Issue: 1
DOI: 10.21767/2470-9867.100002 ISSN: 2470-9867
Authors: Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak, Khemraj Bairwa, Snehasis Jana
Citation: Trivedi MK, Branton A, Trivedi D, et al. Impact of Biofield Treatment on Spectroscopic and Physicochemical Properties of p-Nitroaniline. Insights Anal Electrochem. 2015, 1:1
Para nitroaniline (p-Nitroaniline) is an organic compound, used as an intermediate in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals drugs, gasoline and dyes. The present study was attempted to investigate the influence of biofield treatment on p-nitroaniline. The study was performed in two groups i.e., control and treatment. The treatment group was subjected to Mr. Trivedi's biofield treatment. The control and treated samples of p-nitroaniline were characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). FT-IR spectral analysis result suggested the alteration in wavenumber of some groups with respect to control. For instance, the C=C and C-C stretching were observed at 1570 cm-1 and 1430 cm-1, respectively in control sample that were shifted to 1585 cm-1 and 1445 cm-1, respectively after biofield treatment. UV spectral analysis revealed the similar pattern of absorbance maxima (λmax) in both control and treated samples. HPLC data showed an alteration in the retention time of p-nitroaniline peak in treated sample (3.25 min) with respect to control (2.75 min). GC-MS results showed a significant change in the isotopic abundance (δ) of 13C and 18O in treated sample as compared to control. DSC data showed that latent heat of fusion (∆H) of treated p-nitroaniline was substantially decreased by 10.66% as compared to control. However, the melting point remained same in both control and treated sample of p-nitroaniline. Overall, results obtained from different analytical techniques such as FT-IR, HPLC, GC-MS, and DSC suggested that biofield treatment has significant impact on spectral, physical and thermal properties of p-nitroaniline with respect to control sample.
p-Nitroaniline; Biofield treatment; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Gas chromatography-Mass spectrometry; Differential scanning calorimetry
FT-IR: Fourier Transform Infrared; UV-Vis: Ultraviolet-Visible; HPLC: High Performance Liquid Chromatography; GC-MS: Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; DSC: Differential Scanning Calorimetry; PM: Primary Molecule
Aromatic amines are very important in biology and chemical industry. Particularly aniline and its derivatives are being used as antioxidants, and in production of dyes and pesticides [1,2]. Additionally, the aromatic amines are also used as intermediate in the synthesis of several pharmaceutical drugs including acetaminophen, nadifloxacin, difloxacin, sarafloxacin, flumequin, cisapride, bicalutamide, brequinar, sorbinil etc. [3,4]. Some of para (p) substituted anilines have local anesthetic property, wherein amino group plays an important role in the interaction with respective receptor. p-Nitroaniline or 4-nitroaniline (C6H6N2O2) is one of the important compounds of this class [2]. It is a bright yellow powder with a faint ammonia-like odor. It is mainly used as an intermediate for the synthesis and preparation of several antioxidants, antiseptic agents, medicines for poultry and other pharmaceutical products [5]. Diazo product of this compound can be used for the production of azo dye in the textile industry. Some other chemical intermediates like p-phenylenediamine, 2-chlor-4-nitroaniline, 2,6-dichloro-4-nitroanilen etc. are also prepared using p-nitroaniline as a starting material [6]. The p-nitroaniline is widely used as an intermediate in various chemical reactions; therefore, its rate of reaction or reactivity is crucial. Previously published report suggested that reaction kinetics of any chemical reaction depend on the physical and thermal properties of intermediate compounds i.e., latent heat of fusion, and vaporization temperature etc. [7,8]. Hence, it is advantageous to find out an alternate approach, which could alter the physical, thermal and spectral properties of chemical compounds. Recently, several studies have been reported on biofield treatment to alter the spectral properties of various pharmaceutical drugs like metronidazole, tinidazole, paracetamol, and piroxicam; and physical, and structural properties of various metals i.e., tin, lead etc. [9-11]. The relation between mass-energy (E = mc2) was described by Einstein [12]. Furthermore, the energy exists in various forms and there are several ways to transfer the energy from one place to another such as electromagnetic waves, electrochemical, electrical and thermal etc. Similarly, the human nervous system consists of neurons, which have the ability to transmit information and energy in the form of electrical signals [13,14]. Thus, the human has the ability of energy harness from the environment or Universe and transmit this energy into any object (living or nonliving) on the Globe. The object(s) always receive the energy and responding into useful way, this process is known as biofield treatment or healing [15]. The National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) considered this biofield treatment (therapy) in subcategory of energy therapies [16]. Mr. Trivedi's unique biofield energy is also known as biofield treatment (The Trivedi Effect→). This effect is known to change the physicochemical, thermal and structural properties of metals [11,17] and ceramics [18]. Considerable changes in overall growth and yield of medicinal and agricultural plants were also reported after biofield treatment [19]. Further, biofield treatment has substantially altered the antimicrobial susceptibility, biochemical reactions pattern, and biotype number of several pathogenic microbes [20,21]. Conceiving the impact of biofield treatment on various living and nonliving things, the study was aimed to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment on spectral and physicochemical properties of p-nitroaniline. The effects were analyzed in both control and treated p-nitroaniline samples using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopic, ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).
The p-nitroaniline was procured from Sigma-Aldrich, Mumbai, India. The study was performed in two groups of p-nitroaniline i.e., control and treatment. The control sample was named as untreated, and treatment sample was handed over in sealed pack to Mr. Trivedi for biofield treatment under laboratory condition. Mr. Trivedi provided this treatment through his energy transmission process to the treatment group without touching the sample [10]. The control and treated samples of p-nitroaniline (Figure 1) were evaluated using various analytical techniques viz. FT-IR, UV-Vis, HPLC, GC-MS, and DSC.
FT-IR spectroscopic characterization
FT-IR spectra of control and treated samples of p-nitroaniline were recorded on Shimadzu's Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (Japan) with frequency range of 4000-500 cm-1. The analysis was carried out to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment at atomic level like dipole moment, force constant and bond strength in chemical structure [22].
UV-Vis spectroscopic analysis
UV spectra of control and treated samples of p-nitroaniline were recorded on Shimadzu UV-2400 PC series spectrophotometer with 1 cm quartz cell and a slit width of 2.0 nm. The analysis was carried out using wavelength in the range of 200-400 nm. The UV spectral analysis was performed to determine the effect of biofield treatment on the energy gap of bonding and nonbonding transition of electrons [22].
HPLC analysis
HPLC analysis of control and treated samples of p-nitroaniline were carried out on KNAUER's Smartline series of HPLC (Berlin, Germany) with Smartline pump 1000 and UV 2600 detector. The separation was carried out on Eurospher 100-C18 column (250 × 4 mm) using methanol as a mobile phase. The analysis was carried out to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment on the purity and retention time (τΡ) of p-nitroaniline with respect to control. Alteration in retention time of analyte in identical HPLC conditions refers to changes in the polarity of analyte.
Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) analysis
The p-nitroaniline sample was divided into four groups: one was set as control and another three were coded as treatment i.e., T1, T2, and T3. The GC-MS analysis of control and treatment samples of p-nitroaniline was performed on Perkin Elmer/auto system XL with Turbo mass and electron ionization mode, USA. Detection limit was set up to 1 pico gram, and mass range was set to 10-650 amu. The isotopic ratio 13C/12C was expressed by its deviation in treated p-nitroaniline sample with respect to control. The isotopic abundances of 13C and 18O were computed on a delta scale per thousand. The values of δ13C and δ18O of treated samples were calculated using following equation.
Where, RTreated and RControl are the ratio of intensity at m/z=139/ m/z=138 for δ13C, and m/z=140/ m/z=138 for δ18O in mass spectra of treated and control samples respectively.
Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis
The control and treatment samples of p-nitroaniline were analyzed by using a Pyris-6 Perkin Elmer DSC on a heating rate of 10°C/min under air atmosphere and air was flushed at a flow rate of 5 mL/min. Percent change in latent heat of fusion was calculated using following equations:
FT-IR spectroscopic analysis
Vibrational spectral assignment was performed on the recorded FT-IR spectra (Figure 2a and 2b) based on theoretically predicted wavenumber and presented in Table 1. The p-nitroaniline has one NH2 group therefore one symmetric and one asymmetric N-H stretching vibrations are expected that were assigned to peaks appeared in the region of 3350-3478 cm-1 in control and 3362-3482 cm-1 in treated sample. It showed the upstream shifting of wavenumber of N-H bond in treated sample with respect of control. The frequency (ν) or wavenumber of stretching vibrational peak depends on two factors i.e., force constant (k) and reduced mass (μ), which can be explained by following equation [23].
; here, c is speed of light.
If μ is constant, then the frequency is directly proportional to the force constant; therefore, increase or decrease in frequency of any bond indicates a corresponding increase and decrease in force constant [22]. Based on this, it is speculated that the increased in wavenumber of N-H bond after biofield treatment might be observed due to increased force constant of respective bond as compared to control. In addition to N-H stretching, the NH2 group also has scissoring, rocking wagging and torsion modes of
Table 1 FT-IR vibrational peaks observed in p-nitroaniline.
fundamental vibrations [2]. The NH2 scissoring vibrational mode was assigned to peak appeared at 1628 cm-1 in control and 1630 cm-1 in treated sample of p-nitroaniline. Theoretically, rest of NH2 group vibrations should appeared below 500 cm-1 that were not recorded in the spectra (Figure 2). The asymmetric vibration of NO2 group was assigned to peaks observed at 1507 cm-1 and 1506 cm-1 in control and treated sample, respectively. Likely the symmetric vibration of NO2 group was assigned to peak observed at 1345 cm-1 and 1344 cm-1, in control and treated sample respectively. The result showed that both the N-H bending and NO2 asymmetric-symmetric vibrations in control and treated samples were observed in the similar frequency region. However, the FT-IR spectrum of treated sample showed the enhanced intensity of NO2 symmetric peak with respect to control. The existing literature on FT-IR suggested that intensity of vibrational peak of particular bond depends on ratio of change in dipole moment (∂µ) to change in bond distance (∂r) i.e., the intensity is directly proportional to change in dipole moment and inversely proportional to change in bond distance [24]. Based on this, it is speculated that the increase in intensity of NO2 symmetric stretching in treated sample might be due to alteration in the ratio of ∂µ/∂r as compared to control. The C=C (aromatic) stretching was attributed to vibrational peak appeared at 1570 cm-1 and 1585 cm-1 in control and treated sample, respectively. Likewise, the C-C stretching was assigned to peak appeared at 1430 cm-1 in control and 1445 cm-1 in treated sample. The result showed that both C=C and C-C stretching vibrations were shifted to higher wavenumber in treated sample with respect to control. This might be due to induced force constant and bond strength of respective bonds in treated sample with respect to control. The C-N stretching vibrations mode were assigned to peaks observed at 1244-1283 cm-1 in control and 1300-1335 cm-1 in treated sample. Further the C-H in plane bendings were assigned to peak at 1103-1174 cm-1 and 1113-1183 cm-1 in control and treated sample respectively. The increase in wavenumber of C-N stretching and C-H in plane bending after biofield treatment depicted an increase in force constant and torsional force, respectively due to influence of biofield treatment. The out of plane C-H bending peaks were assigned at 664-779 and 633-842 cm-1 in control and treated sample, respectively that also showed the biofield induced alteration
in the wavenumber as compared to control. All together, the FT-IR data showed a significant change in the wavenumber and intensity of some bonds in treated sample with respect to control. This could be due alteration in force constant, dipole moment and bond length of respective bonds as compared to control.
UV spectral analysis of control p-nitroaniline showed absorbance maxima (λmax) at 226.4 and 359.6 nm, which was also supported by the literature data [25]. After biofield treatment, the absorbance maxima (λmax) values were slightly shifted at 228.0 nm and 362.0 nm in treated sample. The result showed the slight bathochromic shift in both the absorption peaks (λmax) in treated sample. The compound can absorbs UV light due to the presence of either or both conjugated pi (π) -bonding systems (π-π* transition) and nonbonding electron system (n-π* transition). There is certain energy gap between π-π* and n-π* orbitals. When this energy gap altered, the wavelength (λmax) was also altered respectively [22]. However, the UV study showed the similar pattern of absorbance maxima in both control and treated samples of p-nitroaniline. Based on this, it is speculated that, biofield treatment did not alter the energy gap between π-π* and n-π* transition in p-nitroaniline.
The HPLC chromatogram of control and treated p-nitroaniline are shown in Figure 3. The HPLC chromatogram of control p-nitroaniline exhibited the corresponding peak at 2.75 min (Figure 3a), while the treated p-nitroaniline peak was observed at 3.25 min (Figure 3b). The position of peak corresponding to analyte in the HPLC chromatogram depends on its polarity. In reverse phase HPLC, if the retention time increases in the same experimental condition, it suggests the increases in nonpolar property of respective analyte. Similarly, the decrease in retention time suggests an increase in polar property in the corresponding analyte sample [26]. The FT-IR spectral analysis suggested that biofield treatment has induced alteration in dipole moment of treated p-nitroaniline. Dipole moment can be referred to polarity in the molecule, therefore alteration in dipole moment can lead to alteration in the polarity, which could be seen in the HPLC analysis (retention time) result. Herein, we also observed a significant increase in the retention time of p-nitroaniline in treated sample as compared to control, which suggested that after biofield treatment some nonpolar property might be induced in p-nitroaniline with respect to control.
GC-MS analysis
The GC-MS spectra of control and treated (T1, T2, and T3) p-nitroaniline are shown in Figure 4a and 4b, and the peak intensity of most probable isotopes are illustrated in Table 2. The GC-MS spectra of control and treated samples showed the primary molecule (PM, p-nitroaniline) peak at m/z 138 suggest the molecular weight of p-nitroaniline. In addition the peaks at m/z 139 and m/z 140 were assigned to isotopic abundance peaks due to PM+1 and PM+2 isotopes of p-nitroaniline [27]. It is well known that 13C and 18O isotope are more stable and exist in higher percentage than the 3H, 2H, 15N, and 17O isotopes. Therefore, it is presumed that isotopic abundance ratio of PM+1 is mainly due to 13C and PM+2 is may be due to 18O isotope in p-nitroaniline. Based on this it is speculated that the peak at m/z 138 is mainly due to 12C61H614N216O2, m/z 139 is due to 13C112C51H614N216O2 and m/z 140 is due to 12C61H614N218O116O1. The GC-MS analysis result (Table 2) suggested that the isotopic abundance of 13C (δ13C) was changed as -23.33, -63.31, and -30.15‰ in T1, T2, and T3, respectively; and the isotopic abundance of 18O (δ18O) was changed as -8.22, -56.54, and -44.43‰ in T1, T2, and T3, respectively as compared to control. The result depicted that in all the treated sample the 13C and 18O were transformed into 12C and 16O, respectively by releasing the neutron(s) (one from 13C and two from 18O). This inter-conversion of 13C - 12C, and 18O - 16O might possible if a nuclear level reaction occurred due to influence of biofield treatment. Based on this, it is postulated that biofield treatment possibly induced the nuclear level reactions in p-nitroaniline, which may lead to convert the 13C and 18O into 12C and 16O, respectively.
DSC was used to analyze the melting temperature and latent heat of fusion (ΔH) of control and treated p-nitroaniline. The DSC thermogram of control and treated p-nitroaniline are shown in Figure 5. In a solid content, substantial amount of interaction force exists in atomic bonds that hold the atoms at their positions. ΔH can be defined as the energy required to overcome this interaction force to change the phase from solid to liquid. Hence, the energy provided during phase change i.e., ΔH is stored as potential energy of atoms. However, melting point is related to kinetic energy of the atoms [28]. The DSC thermogram
Table 2 GC-MS isotopic abundance analysis of p-nitroaniline. PM: primary molecule (p-nitroaniline).
showed the melting temperature at 149.31°C for control and 149.18°C for treated sample, which revealed the similar melting point in control and treated sample of p-nitroaniline. The melting temperature of p-nitroaniline is well supported by literature data [29]. The DSC thermogram showed the 142.92 J/g latent heat of fusion (∆H) in treated sample and 159.98 J/g in control sample. The result showed decrease in latent heat of fusion in treated p-nitroaniline by 10.66% in comparison with control. It may be due to conversion of p-nitroaniline to lower energy state (lower potential energy) after biofield treatment. Previously, our group has been reported that biofield treatment has shown alteration in latent heat of fusion of lead and tin powders [11]. Therefore, it is assumed that biofield treatment might alter the potential energy of treated p-nitroaniline that may lead to change the latent heat of fusion.
FT-IR spectrum of treated p-nitroaniline showed the alteration in wavenumber of IR peaks assigned to N-H, C=C, C-C stretching, and C-H deformation vibrations. This is might be occurred due to alteration in the dipole moment and force constant of the respective bond in treated sample as compared to the control. HPLC chromatogram showed an alteration in the retention time of p-nitroaniline peak with respect to control, which is possibly due to alteration in the polarity of treated sample as compared to the control. The GC-MS analysis showed that isotopic abundance of 13C (δ13C) was altered about -23.33, -63.31, and 30.15‰ in T1, T2, and T3, respectively; whereas. The δ18O was altered about -8.22,
-56.54, and -44.43‰ in T1, T2, and T3, respectively. This might be occurred due to the biofield energy mediated changes at nuclear level reaction in the treated sample. The DSC analysis showed the considerable change (10.66%) in latent heat of fusion in treated sample as compared to control. It may be due to transformation of p-nitroaniline to lower energy state after biofield treatment. Altogether, the FT-IR, HPLC, GC-MS and DSC results suggest that biofield treatment has significant effect on structural, physical and thermal properties of biofield treated p-nitroaniline with respect to control sample. This might be corroborated to possible changes in chemical and thermal stability of treated p-nitroaniline.
The authors would like to acknowledge the whole team of MGV pharmacy college, Nashik for providing the instrumental facility. We would also like to thank Trivedi science, Trivedi master wellness and Trivedi testimonials for their support during the work.
1 Travis AS (2007) Manufacture and uses of the anilines: A vast array of processes and products, the chemistry of anilines. The chemistry of functional groups, Wiley, New York.
2 Kavitha E, Sundaraganesan N, Sebastin S (2010) Molecular structure, vibrational spectroscopic and HOMO, LUMO studies of 4-nitroaniline by density functional method. Indian J Pure Appl Phys 48: 20-30.
3 Shanker V, Rayabandla SM, Kumavath RN, Chintalapati S, Chintalapati R, et al. (2006) Light-dependent transformation of aniline to indole esters by the purple bacterium Rhodobacter sphaeroides OU5. Curr Microbiol 52: 413-417.
4 Patel SR (2012) Study of the photosensitized reaction of the isomeric fluoroanilines with methylene blue in the visible light.
5 Himaja M, Das P, Rout PK, Sharma S, Munirajasekhar D, et al. (2012) Synthesis docking and antioxidant activity of some NSAID derivatives of amines. Int J Res Ayurveda Pharm 3: 548-551.
6 Fierz-David HE, Blangey L (1949) Fundamental processes of dye chemistry. 5th edn, Interscience publishers, New York.
7 Carballo LM, Wolf EE (1978) Crystallite size effects during the catalytic oxidation of propylene on Pt/ϒ-Al2O3. J Catal 53: 366-373.
8 Chaudhary AL, Sheppard DA, Paskevicius M, Pistidda C, Dornheim M, et al. (2015) Reaction kinetic behaviour with relation to crystallite/grain size dependency in the Mg–Si–H system. Acta Mater 95: 244-253.
9 Trivedi MK, Patil S, Shettigar H, Bairwa K, Jana S, et al. (2015) Spectroscopic characterization of biofield treated metronidazole and tinidazole. Med Chem 5: 340-344.
10 Trivedi MK, Patil S, Shettigar H, Bairwa K, Jana S, et al. (2015) Effect of biofield treatment on spectral properties of paracetamol and piroxicam. Chem Sci J 6: 98.
11 Trivedi MK, Patil S, Tallapragada RM (2013) Effect of bio field treatment on the physical and thermal characteristics of silicon, tin and lead powders. J Material Sci Eng 2: 125.
12 Einstein A (1905) Does the inertia of a body depend upon its energy-content? Ann Phys 18: 639-641.
13 Becker RO, Selden G (1985) The body electric: Electromagnetism and the foundation of life. New York City, William Morrow and Company.
14 Planck M (1903) Treatise on thermodynamics. 3rd edn. English translated by Alexander OGG, Longmans, Green, London.
15 Aldridge D (1991) Spirituality, healing and medicine. Br J Gen Pract 41: 425-427.
16 Hök J, Tishelman C, Ploner A, Forss A, Falkenberg T (2008) Mapping patterns of complementary and alternative medicine use in cancer: an explorative cross-sectional study of individuals with reported positive "exceptional" experiences. BMC Complement Altern Med 8: 48.
17 Dabhade VV, Tallapragada RR, Trivedi MK (2009) Effect of external energy on atomic, crystalline and powder characteristics of antimony and bismuth powders. Bull Mater Sci 32: 471-479.
18 Trivedi MK, Patil S, Tallapragada RM (2014) Atomic, crystalline and powder characteristics of treated zirconia and silica powders. J Material Sci Eng 3: 144.
19 Nayak G, Altekar N (2015) Effect of biofield treatment on plant growth and adaptation. J Environ Health Sci 1: 1-9.
20 Trivedi MK, Bhardwaj Y, Patil S, Shettigar H, Bulbule A, et al. (2009) Impact of an external energy on Enterococcus faecalis [ATCC-51299] in relation to antibiotic susceptibility and biochemical reactions-an experimental study. J Accord Integr Med 5: 119-130.
21 Trivedi MK, Patil S, Shettigar H, Gangwar M, Jana S, et al. (2015) An effect of biofield treatment on multidrug-resistant Burkholderia cepacia: A multihost pathogen. J Trop Dis 3: 167.
22 Pavia DL, Lampman GM, Kriz GS (2001) Introduction to spectroscopy. 3rd edn, Thomson Learning, Singapore.
23 Stuart BH (2004) Infrared spectroscopy: Fundamentals and applications (analytical techniques in the sciences (AnTs)). John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, UK.
24 Smith BC (1999) Infrared spectral interpretation: A systematic approach. CRC Press.
25 Costelaa A, Garcia-Moreno I, Dabriob J, Sastreb R (1997) Photophysics and photochemistry of p-nitroaniline as photoinitiator. J Photochem Photobiol A: Chem 109: 77-86.
26 Buszewski B1, Noga S (2012) Hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC)--a powerful separation technique. Anal Bioanal Chem 402: 231-247.
27 Bakdash A, Ganswindt M, Herre S, Nadulski T, Pragst F, et al. (2006) Lethal poisoning with p-nitroaniline. T + K 73: 61-65.
28 Moore J (2010) Chemistry: The molecular science. 4th edn, Brooks Cole.
29 O'Neil MJ (2006) The Merck index - An encyclopedia of chemicals, drugs, and biologicals. Merck and Co., Inc. Whitehouse Station.
Organic Compounds Publications
Determination of Isotopic Abundance of 13C/12C or…
Physical and Structural Characterization of Biofield…
Evaluation of Physical, Thermal and Spectral…
Thought Intervention through Biofield Changing Metal…
Characterization of Physical, Thermal and…

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
'Watchmen' Director Nicole Kassell Breaks Down Some Of The Premiere's Most Important Moments
Jason TabrysTwitterFeatures Editor
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uproxx.it
Built on the steel beams of Alan Moore and Dave Gibbons' legendary Watchmen comic and expanded out across three decades of alt-American history before being sunk into the soil of a country that mirrors our own, Damon Lindelof and his team have created a buzzworthy and tonally relevant piece of art. But how did they manage to sew this new thing into an old thing in a way that feels so seamless and what's the story behind some of the most visually interesting and otherwise compelling scenes in the pilot episode?
Uproxx spoke with series producer and episode one (and two) director Nicole Kassel to gain some insight. But warning: if you haven't seen the pilot, go back and do that now because spoilers are not spared.
On the influence of the Watchmen comics on the visual identity of the TV series.
I was very influenced by the framing. Once I read the pilot and came on board, then I did a deep dive into the aesthetic of the source. What could the Easter eggs be? And the vertical frame is so unique. So it was immediately how to look for frames within frames. And composition. The source is an unbelievable piece of art and cinema — it really is. So I have just been paying homage to it for the fans. We're telling a totally different story, [but] I wanted the DNA of it to be there. So composition, very strict framing because a comic's not moving the camera much. The lighting and transitions were a huge influence. Just these really graphic match cuts where a face is in-frame or extreme wide to extreme tight looking. Or using color to transition.
On researching and presenting the Tulsa race riot devastation accurately.
"There's a book called 'The Burning' by Tim Madigan. As soon as I heard about the story, that it was true which I only learned from the manuscript and talking to Damon [Lindelof]… as soon as I came on board, I read the book and then I had the assistant director and her team read the book and we pulled all of our research from that. Just every vignette you see on screen is documented in detail. And it was essential to me to be as accurate as possible and not to sensationalize, not to exaggerate anything, just to be as truthful as possible."
On creating Sister Night's hero montage.
We wanted to obviously honor that we're in this genre, so there is the sequence of the costume coming together. The "Batcave." This is her version of her secret lair and the ingredients are strange. It's a badge, but it's also a crucifix and a rosary. And really, all I cared about was making a kick-ass hero introduction. And working, being inspired by her costume. To me, that really told me where to put the camera. The way the skirt sweeps and not wanting to reveal her face until the reveal. So just making it kinetic and exciting.
On constructing the cow field raid.
I had the gift of finding a location that was perfectly designed for it. It's in Georgia. And we found it during our very first time when we were trying to choose which city to film in. We went out there and it was not as written but we knew that our cop team needed to be sitting ducks in a field. I hadn't imagined it being a trailer in a grove of trees, but it was a light bulb, like "this is great!" And the light source coming off once the bad guys realize we're onto them, the DP and I were watching Apocalypse Now and there is a sequence where Martin Sheen is approaching on a boat and there's a strobe light circling and it was just like that would be cool, if suddenly they're totally exposed. Because a field at night, it's hard to get anything interesting.
The cows we used… a lot of real cows but then once the gunfire started, everything is CGI.
On the importance of the dinner party scene.
One of the beauties of this cast is that they're all so good and such consummate actors and so supportive of each other. But we talked about, you're old friends and you've been through a lot together, you're fast friends for the last three years. It's Uncle Judd to the kids. Whether or not you know why, you are that close. They're all really great people. So what you're seeing on-screen was also the energy offscreen. And Don can really sing, but nobody there knew it. [Ed. note: it was at this point that we mentioned Johnson's "Heartbeat"]
That look of surprise on Regina's face was genuine. Like, "you can do that too?" And I think it was scary for him, but boy he just kills it. And it was essential that we truly love our hero leading into that final [scene] to be truly, totally heartbroken.
On filming the tree scene.
The filming of that was the very very last shot. It's exactly, to me, what Damon wrote. He wrote 'we push in over Old Man Will [Louis Gossett Jr.] and up the road.' It allows this emotional space, already having seen it to see it up close and the mechanics and the dread and the horror of what has happened. And then in the car with Regina, you're approaching… that call was so disconcerting and terrifying. For someone to know who she is is absolutely petrifying for her and she's driving right to it. She's also fearless. So that dread as she approaches and then the shock of the reveal. The shot that travels behind Will to the foot was… I just love cinema where you really use the camera to reveal story and as I read that scene I really felt… I just had that thought of one foot being bare just to make him so vulnerable. It's always weird to me in accidents, whether it's a car accident, a lightning strike, how people lose their shoes. It's so odd yet real and brutal. So we were just on the set and I saw that and asked for it.
'Watchmen' airs on HBO Sundays at 9pm ET
Topics: #WatchmenTags: NICOLE KASSELL, SCENE BREAKDOWN, WATCHMEN
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All The Best New Music From This Week That You Need To Hear
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text:
This Black Hole Is Bending Light Back Toward Itself
A diagram of a black hole bending light back toward itself.
Illustration: Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/R. Hurt (IPAC)/R. Connors (Caltech
Scientists think that they've spotted a black hole's gravity bending light emitted from the disk of matter around it right back toward the black hole, according to a new paper.
Black holes are extremely compact objects whose immense gravity warps space such that, beyond a point of no return called the event horizon, light can't escape. We know that black holes can change the path that light travels, but this observation is the first known detection of its kind. Led by Riley Connors at CalTech, a team of scientists spotted light emitted from the disk of torn-up gas and dust surrounding a black hole bending back into it.
"We haven't seen that before," study author Victoria Grinberg from the University of Tübingen in Germany told Gizmodo. "We know it should happen. But prediction is one thing and actually seeing it is a different animal altogether."
The researchers focused on a binary black hole system called XTE J1550-564, which has a mass around nine times that of the Sun and is approximately 14,350 light-years away. An X-ray telescope called the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) first spotted the object in 1998, and the black hole has experienced several bright outbursts since then.
But this paper isn't reliant on new observations. Instead, the scientists attempted to recreate the observations already recorded using various models. They focused on the x-ray spectra, particularly on x-ray light absorbed by iron atoms in the black hole's disk. They found subtle features in the light's properties that could only be explained if photons emitted by the matter in the disk were bending back from the effects of the black hole's gravity, then being re-absorbed and re-irradiated by the disk. The team published their work recently in The Astrophysical Journal.
It's a challenging scenario to model, Grinberg explained to Gizmodo. Not only does the team need to understand the complex physics around the disk, combining atomic physics and general relativity, but they also need to fully understand all of the quirks of the RXTE telescope.
This is an early step, and as the adage goes, all models are wrong, but some are useful. Every scientist-built model relies on inherent assumptions that may lead to different results than what's actually happening. The team behind this new model is aware of that, and they are working to further develop their model in order to include more details. Perhaps even more importantly, they must identify more objects like XTE J1550-564 and re-run their analysis.
But if the work holds, it would be an amazing discovery: concrete proof that what we've always thought happens around black holes is truly occurring.
Former Gizmodo physics writer and founder of Birdmodo, now a science communicator specializing in quantum computing and birds
CJWizzy6
Good to know what to expect in the coming weeks as I grow fatter and fatter from this quarantine.


OLDRIGHTIE: OK, Let's get back To Normal.
OK, Let's get back To Normal.
Despite A Wedding, The World Is Still Pretty Crap, Just Now.
Here is just one of a World full of despotic morons right now. Strife, with The West's political weak and pathetic thumb prints all over them, is everywhere. Iraq spiralling out of control again, a Taliban surge and spring offensive under way, Bahrain locked down, Egypt in limbo, Libya a melting pot, The Yemen falling apart. What, I ask myself are we doing with this ridiculous globalisation that is failing the human race so badly. The EU a blathering bully and ridiculous entity, A USA so broke the pain is palpable and a smooth talking but impractical President. A man who mirrors the lack of common sense beloved of our UK home grown political classes.
Can anyone see, or forecast where we are all headed? I love my life and would so like my modest achievements and success available to those deserving youngsters coming after me. Instead the socialist dreamers and self-absorbed cretins have ruined and blackened the concept of fairness. Trumpeted to the skies the hypocrisy of their creed and left us with a legacy of debt morally and economically. Old fashioned, Oldrightie values may be a cause for modern derision, BUT THEY BLOODY WORKED!
Is that a Libyan, Tunisian, Syrian or Egyptian at tbe bottom of your garden?
Unless I'm v.much mistaken Mr.D that be Obergruppenfuhrer Assad that be :-) .... and looking happy as hell about something or other.


5 "Spanish" Restaurants in Seattle.
Tapas Lab is a great counter-service spot for Asian-Spanish-fusion in Green Lake.
Tarsan I Jane is a Spanish restaurant serving dinner and Sunday brunch - both of which you have to buy tickets for. Both of which are worth it.
Herb & Bitter is a classier bar in Northern Cap Hill. The patio is great, and the tapas are good too.


Ease of Use of the Best Option Brokers Platform You might think that buying options on one platform is the same as buying options on another platform. Therefore, why should you pay someone $12 to make the trade when someone else will do it for $7? how to buy freon for home air conditioner Therefore, to calculate how much buying a put option will cost, take the price of the option and multiply it by 100 (for stock options). Put options can be In the Money, or Out of the Money. In the Money means the underlying asset price is below the put strike price.
It's good to understand specific option strategies and the reasons for adopting them, but for true rookies, something else is needed – and that's an understanding of how to make a trade.
If you buy an option your risk is limited to the cost of the option. When you sell an option you get the premium immediately, but if the option is exercised your risk is either unlimited (for a call) or high (if you sell a put, the worst that can happen is the stock falls to zero).


Is the UFO Phenomenon real?
Is the alien abduction experience real?
Are people really taken somewhere during an abduction event?
Is Hollywood telling us the truth about extraterrestrials?
Are aliens and UFOs in the Bible?
Why is this important to the church?
Does the Bible have the answer to the extraterrestrial question?
You will find the answers to these questions and more as you explore this website.
FACT: Based on polls, over 60% of the population believes that there is likely alien life in outer space. Around 48% of the population believes that aliens from outer space may be visiting the Earth in UFOs, and 12% claim to have seen a UFO.
FACT: A 1991 Roper poll estimated that 4 million people in the US may have had an "alien abduction" experience (2% of the population).
FACT: Modern documented reports of alien's activities and abilities parallel the abilities of (fallen) angels as seen in the Bible.
FACT: Alien abduction experiences can be terminated in the name of Jesus Christ.
What is that agenda? Our site represents over 30 years of combined research into the UFO and alien phenomena, interviews with hundreds of alien abductees, travel to dozens of UFO conferences to hear out the world's "top speakers" and many years of public teaching on the topics, entertaining questions from people all over the world.
We once had the same questions as you, and now we freely share the answers to those questions. Deceptive spiritual entities are posing as modern day "aliens", bringing tormenting experiences into the lives of individuals, and offering a false gospel message, in opposition to the true message of Jesus Christ.
We invite you to educate yourself via the links on this website, resist the deception, and share this information with others.


text:
Q: Create File object type in TypeScript I have a function that should only accept JS File objects.
How do I create that type in TypeScript?
edit: sharing my tsconfig.json
{
"compilerOptions": {
    "outDir": "./ts-dist/",
    "sourceMap": true,
    "noImplicitAny": true,
    "module": "commonjs",
    "target": "es6",
    "jsx": "react",
    "experimentalDecorators": true,
    "emitDecoratorMetadata": true,
    "lib": [
        "dom",
        "es2017"
    ]
},
"include": [
    "./src/**/*", "./test/**/*"
],
"exclude": [
    "node_modules", "dist"
]
}

A: TypeScript has a defined interface for File which represents the file object in JavaScript. Generally you should look for types named as their Javascript countertypes. You can use this type in a parameter annotation for the parameter:
function processFile(file: File) {

}

Source: microsoft/TypeScript

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Mainstream and social media are having a field day given the domestic and international conflicts that abound.
Confrontation is at epidemic levels, with no end in sight. It is clear that whatever we resist persists, and seems to be getting even worse.
Instead of retaliation and fighting fire with fire, what if we all consistently demonstrated only the most honorable, ethical, and moral character traits in all our personal and professional interactions?
Where and with whom would setting a good example improve your situation and perhaps improve the conduct of everyone concerned?
How generous are you? How has the generosity of others made a difference? Here are a few generosity-related posts you may have missed. Click the links to read the full message.


text:
Q: Why can't I escape the decimal in my variable? I have the following code:

This does not alert "success"
If I replace window.Var1 with the word Easy (as show below), the alert works; so, the condition is being met but the code isn't interpreting $("div."+window.Var1) as $("div.Easy")

A: Your issue is in this line:
if $("div."+window.Var1).length > 0){

Change it to:
if ($("div."+window.Var1).length > 0){
   ^

You forgot the open parenthesis:

var Var1 = "";
$(document).ready(function() {
  window.Var1  = "Easy";
});

$(document).ready(function() {
  if ($("div."+window.Var1).length > 0){
    console.log("success"); //DOESN'T WORK
  }
});

.....


that with some tweeks I was able to get our pediatric dept to agree to.
form, but that of course was rejected. Hope this helps some of you.
the chance of jaundice and provide better weight gain for infants.
· Exclusive breastfeeding may decrease the risk of allergies.


We offer the Blue Sky Series to help you understand who we are and to help you mature as a follower of Jesus. Whether you've been a Christian for years or you're just learning about Jesus, we think you'll find the Blue Sky Series helpful. Each month we offer one session in the series, and the sessions may be taken in any order. The series is held from 1-3 pm, and lunch is served so you don't have to leave after the service to grab something to eat. You can register using your Welcome Card at our Sunday Service or by e-mailing us at info@blueskychurch.com (free childcare and a lunch is always available for children who are pre-registered).
When you've completed the Blue Sky Series and our Membership Bible Training classes, if you've found that Blue Sky Church is a good fit for you, we invite you to consider making us your church home through membership.
People believe all different kinds of things when it comes to religion and spirituality. This session is designed to teach you the basic Christian principles we believe and live by at Blue Sky. It's about our theology on the Trinity, what we believe about Jesus, the purpose of the Church, how we remain culturally relevant while theologically conservative, and many other foundational truths that are important for us as Christians to be grounded in.
We all take different paths in life. Many of them lead us through hurt, shame, pain, and regret (sometimes through no fault of our own). You will learn that time doesn't heal every wound, it simply scars many of them over. This session of the Blue Sky Series looks at the transformation Jesus does in us as we learn to follow and trust Him. It's about transparency, being known, being healed, maturing spiritually, and ultimately giving Jesus freedom to do what He wants in us.
Every follower of Jesus has been given spiritual gifts. According to the Bible, spiritual gifts are given to us by Jesus for the common good. The goal is that we would be equipped to help one another grow to maturity and become the people, and the church, that Jesus intends us to be. This session of the Blue Sky Series will help you discover more about your spiritual gifts and how to use them through serving. If you're interested in serving somewhere at Blue Sky, this session will help you know the various areas where you might be able to serve and what might be a good fit for you.
Every person needs to have real relationship in their lives to do well. This session of the Blue Sky Series is about being connected to the local church and relationships with each other. It's about what it means to commit your life to Jesus' mission with other people and not be a "Lone Ranger" Christian. It's about the importance of membership in a Church and learning that the church isn't something we go to on Sunday's; it's what we are every day!
Find the next session of the Blue Sky Series on our Events Page.


In late May, Airbus Helicopters Canada held its annual Family Day celebration, attended by more than 700 employees, family members and friends, at its manufacturing facility in Fort Erie, Ontario.
The day included facility tours, a range of activities and catering by local Niagara College. At around noon, an Airbus H130 landed on the facility's helipad to serve as a static display for two hours.
During the event, local charity Wellspring Niagara set up a booth onsite to sell Airbus merchandise, with all proceeds going back to the organization. Wellspring Niagara first opened its doors in June 2001, inspired by Aldo Mantini, who lost his life to cancer at age 31, to provide free social, emotional, psychological, informational and spiritual support to individuals living with cancer, their families and close supporters.
Established in Fort Erie in 1984, Airbus Helicopters Canada today manufactures and supplies composite parts for seven helicopter models in its 138,000-square-foot facility, which includes 50,000 square feet dedicated for composite manufacturing.
Some of the parts manufacturing in Fort Erie, according the to company's Website, includes: engine cowlings for the EC130, AS350 B3 and EC145; boarding steps for the EC135 and EC145; horizontal stabilizers for the EC135 and AS365; luggage box / cargo pod for the AS350, EC130 and EC225; cable cutters for the AS350, EC135 and EC145; and the high visibility door and vertical reference window for the AS350.
Airbus Helicopters Canada now has close 700 helicopters in service with 200 operators across the country.


text:
% Simple network for debugging gradients
nn = NeuralNetwork();
nn.addLayer('input', struct('Function', 'softplus', 'Size', 50))
nn.addLayer('output', struct('Function', 'tanh', 'Size', 25))
nn.connect('input', 'output')
nn.Loss = 'squared'; % TODO Make loss layers

% Initialize network
fprintf('Initializing network\n');
theta = nn.initialize();

% Create data
X = rand(50, 100);
y = ones(25, 100);

% Check derivatives
fprintf('Checking gradient numerically\n');
[~, grad] = nn.backProp(X, y);
numgrad = computeNumGrad(@(p)nn.train(p, X, y), theta);
diff = norm(numgrad - grad)/norm(numgrad + grad);
if (diff >= 1e-7)
  disp([grad numgrad]);
  disp(diff);
  fprintf('Norm of the difference between numerical and analytical gradient should be < 1e-7\n');
  return
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: Need help decrypting my assembly program I have this encryption program in C++ and ASM which has got encryption routines but I need to know
how the decryption routine for it should look like .
This is the code  :
//-ENCRYPTION ROUTINES

void encrypt_chars (int length, char EKey)
{   char temp_char;

    for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
    {   temp_char = OChars [i];
        __asm {
            push   eax
            push   ecx
            movzx  ecx,temp_char
            lea    eax,EKey
            call   encrypt
            mov    temp_char,al
            pop    ecx
            pop    eax
        }
        EChars [i] = temp_char;
    }
   return;

    // --- Start of Assembly code
   __asm {

    encrypt5: push eax
          mov  al,byte ptr [eax]
      push ecx
          and eax,0x7C
          ror eax,1
          ror eax,1
          inc eax
          mov edx,eax
          pop ecx
      pop eax
      mov byte ptr [eax],dl
          xor edx,ecx
          mov eax,edx
          rol al,1
          ret

    encrypt:
        mov eax,ecx
        inc eax
        ret
    }

    //--- End of Assembly code
}

A: The best clue ever for decryption (and as general as the question):
undo everything
I guess every instruction in that code has an conservative opposite (unless it's destroyin the data, but hey)
So if the code ends with:
inc eax
ret

You start with
[load the return in eax]
dec eax

and so on.


text:
ExplorationFeaturedNews
Argentina movng forward with offshore drilling despite protests
(S&P Global Platts) Argentina plans to push forward on its first new offshore exploration drilling in years despite social protests, a government official said Jan. 6, arguing that the dangers of spills are low, and that oil and natural gas demand will remain steady over the next two to three decades as the world transitions to net-zero greenhouse gas emissions.
"Until we reach that moment when the world has renewable energies or more sustainable energies, we are going to have to carry out a transition process in which gas will be the main source of energy," Gabriel Cerruti, the presidential spokeswoman, said in a televised press conference in Buenos Aires. "But we are also going to have to continue consuming oil."
Cerruti spoke two days after thousands of people marched in Mar del Plata, a coastal city in Buenos Aires province, to protest offshore drilling on fears that spills could sully their popular beaches, sea life and fishing areas.
The protest was organized after the Energy Secretariat on Dec. 30 authorized seismic exploration studies in three blocks in the Argentine Sea that lie 300 to 440 km (186-273 miles) off the coast of Mar del Plata.
The exploration will be carried out by Argentina's state-run YPF, Norway's Equinor and the Anglo-Dutch company Shell. The blocks — CAN 100, CAN 108 and CAN 114 — were awarded in a 2019 licensing round that attracted a total of $720 million in exploration investment by these companies as well as ExxonMobil, France's Total and UK-based BP.
Argentinian Energy Secretary Dario Martinez said when awarding the environmental license for CAN 100, CAN 108 and CAN 114 that the risk of environmental damages is low because none have been reported in the more than 50 years that Argentina has been producing oil and gas in offshore blocks. Most of the offshore production is off the southernmost province of Tierra del Fuego, source of about 18% of the country's 130 million cu m/d of gas.
Cerruti said that the government will take steps to minimize any potential environmental damages from offshore drilling.
"We do not agree with the positions that speak of extraction at any cost, and we do not agree with prohibiting some activities without thinking about what happens in the [energy] transition," she said. "We have to carry out these activities in the most sustainable, consensual and controlled way possible."
It's still uncertain if any finds could be found off the coast of Mar del Plata and other offshore basins where there has been little exploration. But with Argentina running an oil surplus on its production of 547,000 b/d and on the verge of reaching a gas surplus, there are opportunities for exporting increasing amounts of both products at a time when demand is expected to be steady during the transition to renewable energy.
"The climate crisis is an issue that occupies and worries the national government," Cerruti said. "We understand that it is a process. We have to reach changes in production and consumption that will take 20 or 30 years. Meanwhile, we are in a moment of transition."
Oil Exploration
Previous articleExxon's latest discoveries add to 26 commercial finds in Guyana – oil minister
Next articleFPSO contracts surge; Guyana contributing to global total this year – Rystad Energy


text:
House Resolutions
House Concurrent Resolution 128
returned to Committee on Committees (S)
A CONCURRENT RESOLUTION expressing concern about the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement's stream protection rule.
F. Steele
Express concern about the scope, justification and substance of the United States Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement's stream protection rule, recommending that the agency provide objective and scientific data to determine whether regulatory changes are necessary; urge the representatives and senators representing Kentucky in U.S. Congress to withhold funds from the agency enforcing the stream protection rule until justification is provided.
Environment and Conservation - Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement, stream protection rule, express concern about
Federal Laws and Regulations - Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement, stream protection rule, express concern about
Minerals and Mining - Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement, stream protection rule, express concern about
Surface Mining - Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement, stream protection rule, express concern about
Vote History
to Natural Resources & Environment (H)
posting waived
reported favorably, 1st reading, to Consent Calendar
2nd reading, to Rules
posted for passage in the Consent Orders of the Day for Wednesday, March 2, 2011
3rd reading, adopted 95-3
received in Senate
taken from Committee on Committees (S)
Last updated: 1/16/2019 3:43 PM (EST)


The kids learn about the long journey of classical Chinese ink painting and how simple lines giving form to branches, flowers, bamboo. They learn paintings can show what the inner heart and mind of the artist sees rather than what their eyes see in reality.
There are lots of little artists at our awesome summer camp!


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Things Got Weird On The 'Avengers' Set Between Takes
Even superheroes get bored.
Kevin P. Sullivan 07/29/2014
When you're watching a movie as fantastical as the ones from Marvel Studios, it can be easy to forget that those films started as a bunch of actors working with a crew on a set somewhere.
Speaking with Elizabeth Olsen at San Diego Comic-Con, the actress playing Scarlet Witch in "Avengers: Age of Ultron" shared what it was like to hang out with Captain America, Thor and the rest of the team, when everyone was bored between takes.
"There's something really funny about what happens between takes, when we're doing a big battle sequence or something, because you'll have Captain America kind of twirling his shield and maybe doing a tap dance," Olsen said. "Then you have Thor over there getting more sweat put on him and in his hair. You'll have Jeremy constantly zipping on and off. It's just the in between takes things. You'll be like, 'We look ridiculous.'"
"Avengers: Age of Ultron" opens in theaters on May 1.


Number written in 'UPPERCASE', 'Title Case' and 'Sentence case', below.
17,999,130.75 = ? ... 17,999,132.75 = ?
1. How to convert natural numbers (positive integers) to (US) American English words, how to write them out (spell them out)?
1.1. To know how to write a number in words we must know the place value of each digit.
For example, the number 12,345 has a 1 in the ten thousands place, a 2 in the thousands place, a 3 in the hundreds place, a 4 in the tens place and a 5 in the ones place.
= twelve thousand three hundred forty-five.
1: Note the hyphen (or the minus sign) in "thirty-four" above. Technically, it's correct to hyphenate all compound numbers from twenty-one (21) through ninety-nine (99).
2: In American English, when writing out natural numbers of three or more digits, the word "and" is not used after "hundred" or "thousand". So it is "one hundred twenty-three" and not "one hundred and twenty-three", though you may hear a lot of people using the last, informally.
In British English, the word "and" is used after "hundred" or "thousand" in numbers of three or more digits.
3. Do not use commas when writing out numbers above 999: so it is "one thousand two hundred thirty-four" and not "one thousand, two hundred thirty-four".
4. For clarity, use commas when writing figures of four or more digits: 1,234, 43,290,120, etc. In other countries a point is used to group digits by 3 and a comma to separate the decimals, ex: 1.234,55, 43.290.120,84. In some other countries a space is used to group digits by 3, ex: 1 234, 43 290 120.
2. When to write out numbers using words?
Spell out all numbers beginning a sentence, "Forty years ago today,..." Not "40 years ago today,...".
The Chicago Manual of Style calls for the numbers zero through one hundred to be written out - this would include forms like "one hundred million".
Using words to write short numbers makes your writing look clean and classy. In handwriting, words are easy to read and hard to mistake for each other. Writing longer numbers as words isn't as useful, but it's good practice while you're learning.
Otherwise, clarity should matter, for example when two numbers are used in a row allways spell one out: "They needed five 2-foot copper pipes to finish the job. There were 15 six-foot tall men on the basketball team roster.".
Be consistent within a sentence, phrase... Do not write "... one million people..." and "... 1,000,000 cars..."; stick to one or another, not both.


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Tue., January 12, 2021
City High golfer Arthur Hall a 'student of the game'
HS journalism: Freshman aiming to be about the best
Arthur Hall, City High freshman golfer already is one of the best players on the boys' golf team. (Natalie Green/City High)
Editor's note: Second in a series looking at "freshmen to watch" at Iowa City High.
By Julianne Berry-Stoelzle, City High senior
IOWA CITY — For City High freshman Arthur Hall, golf always has been a way for him to spend time with his grandfather.
Hall lives in northern Minnesota many summers, living with his grandparents and playing golf.
"My grandpa taught me how to play golf when I was around 6 or 7," Hall said. "It was just a really common game.
"I like to spend time with my grandpa, and play golf with him. It's just competitive and fun."
In the fall, Hall played varsity for the City High boys' golf team, playing as the Little Hawks' No. 3 player for the majority of the meets.
"Nobody really knew who he was, but about the third day of practice, the other golfers watching him play knew he was very good and one of our top golfers right off the bat as a freshman," David Brighton, head coach of the City High boys' golf team, said.
At the Class 4A districts meet at Elmcrest Golf Course in Cedar Rapids, Hall placed 54th overall, shooting a 92 over 18 holes. He was the second highest placing athlete from City High.
"He's a student of the game," Brighton said. "I believe there's a huge opportunity for him to grow and become a very very good high school golfer. He has the drive to be good and the temperament."
Brighton also believes Hall has the ability to qualify for state individually in the coming years as well secure a scholarship to play golf in college.
"I'm gonna try to practice golf every day and do everything that I can do to help myself get better," Hall said. "Long term, I just want to keep working to get stronger and hit farther and I want to play in college."
Hall has found golf helps him deal with stress and has taught him how to calm himself to concentrate on matters at hand.
"I try to focus on my shot and not think about what happened before, like if I hit a bad shot before," Hall said. "I just try and move on from each shot after I take it and not let it affect my game."
His favorite part of playing golf is talking to the people he plays with and the game itself.
"My grandpa still does play with me," Hall said.
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Cooking Tips » Masa Harina
Masa Harina
Masa harina is a delicious and nutritious ingredient used extensively throughout Mexican cuisine. Find out what it is, how to use it, and everything in between — including some tasty plant-based recipe ideas!
Find out more about masa harina!
📖 What is masa harina?
🍴 Flavor profile
🍎 Health facts
🔪 How to use it
📋 Recipes with masa harina
💰 Buying guide
♻ Substitutions
If you've ever looked up how to make your own corn tortillas, you've probably already stumbled across masa harina.
In English, "masa harina" means "dough flour." More specifically, it's a special type of flour made from dried corn kernels that have undergone a process called nixtamalization (more on that below).
Of the five common types of corn, the varieties that are often used for masa harina are dent (there are literal dents in the kernels), flour, or flint corn. There are both commercial and heirloom varieties of each one.
So, now that we have the basics out of the way, let's get to the process of making masa harina!
How masa harina is made
Grow corn and harvest it.
Mix corn kernels in alkaline solution (usually calcium hydroxide).
Boil the kernels for about an hour.
Steep the kernels for about 6-12 hours.
Rinse and wash the kernels, which are now nixtamalized (hominy).
Grind hominy with a molinito to become dough (masa).
Dry out masa to become masa harina.
Reconstitue masa harina to make masa again for recipes.
Types of masa harina
Although the most common type of masa harina is blanco (white), you can also find azul (blue), amarillo (yellow), rosado (pink), etc. The differences in color indicate the variety of corn used in the process.
There are a wide array of masa harina vendors, ranging from small-batch to mass-produced. The distinction of quality may seem subtle, but much like wine or coffee, the production process has a huge impact on the overall flavor and texture.
One of the most iconic masa harina brands is Maseca. Although not organic, it's probably one of the easiest kinds to find in both grocery stores and online (especially outside of Mexico).
However, if you want to test out some exceptional quality products, check out Masienda! They work with local farming communities in Oaxaca to produce heirloom corn and masa harina.
Masa harina vs masa
You might find yourself confused as the words masa and masa harina are often used interchangeably. This is technically incorrect, and here's why:
Masa = dough made after running nixtamilzed corn through a molinito.
Masa harina = a dehydrated form of masa that we're talking about in this post.
Masa harina vs cornflour or cornmeal
While it seems reasonable to reach for cornflour or cornmeal as masa harina replacements, neither will work, unfortunately.
Both cornmeal and cornflour are made from dried and milled corn — the only difference being the grind size (cornmeal is more coarse). The important thing to remember is that neither undergo nixtamalization.
The process of nixtamalization changes the composition of fats, proteins, and starch in corn. This makes it possible to make recipes like tamales, sopes, or gorditas.
Maseca is the most common brand of masa harina
On its own, masa harina has a rather sour, tangy, and unpleasant flavor. But once you cook it (on a pan, in a steamer, or in a fryer), the smooth, sweet, and nutty flavors that are characteristic of Mexican cuisine become prominent.
Masa harina amarillo carries a strong corn flavor with a subtle sweetness. The tortillas formed by this variety are quite sturdy, so try using it for recipes that call for frying.
Masa harina blanco tastes nutty, sweet, and delicate. Tortillas made from this masa harina have a softer texture and are great for tacos.
Masa harina azul provides a sweeter, nuttier, and more rustic flavor than white or yellow masa harina. It's definitely our favorite (plus, it's so beautiful).
Since masa harina is only made from corn kernels, it's a naturally gluten-free ingredient. Because of this, masa harina is great for those with gluten intolerances or celiac disease.
The bioavailability of nutrients is significantly higher due to the nixtamalization process. In particular, iron, zinc, vitamin A, and many B vitamins are widely available in masa harina.
There are many different ways to incorporate masa harina into your recipes. The most common way is to reconstitute it with water and make masa for corn tortillas or panuchos.
You can also use it to thicken drinks like champurrado or atole de guayaba.
Masa harina can even be used in conjunction with wheat flour in recipes like molotes, mixed with chiles in enchiladas potosinas, or combined with vegetable shortening to make tamales.
Masa harina is included in a wide array of dishes
With so many incredible Mexican recipes utilizing masa harina, we've included some of our favorite plant-based versions for you to try out:
Mulitas
Memelas
Garnachas
Tlayudas
Tejuino
You can keep your masa harina in the packaging it comes in, but the best option is to use a sealed glass container.
Store it in a cool, dry, and dark place for optimal flavor retention and moisture control. If kept in these conditions, it will last at least 6 months.
If you're making Mexican food regularly, you'll want to have masa harina on hand. The following tips will help you get the most out of your purchase.
First, you need to determine which flavor you're going for and what recipes you'll be making.
If you'd like to make blue corn tortillas, you'll need masa harina azul. If it's tamales you're after, there's a special masa harina for tamales with a different coarseness.
If you're unsure, you can't go wrong with a simple masa harina blanco.
Most large chain grocery stores sell masa harina in their international, Latin American food, or Mexican food aisle. If you're lucky to live in a city with a Mexican food market, you will certainly find it there.
Masa harina is also available online in a wide variety of stores like Amazon or Masienda. It really just depends on what you're looking for!
With a rather unique flavor profile and specific characteristics, masa harina can only be substituted in certain circumstances.
Ground corn tortillas. To achieve the same flavor, try blending corn tortillas into a powder. Although you may achieve a similar flavor, this method should really only be used for thickening recipes as the texture won't be the same.
Cornstarch, cornflour, or cornmeal. If you're using masa harina as a thickening agent in soups, stews, or drinks, cornstarch, cornflour, or cornmeal will work. You just won't end up with the same flavors as masa harina.
Wheat flour. Similar to cornflour or cornmeal, wheat flour can also be used to thicken certain dishes. Just keep in mind, this option is not gluten-free.
Is masa harina gluten-free?
Yes, masa harina is gluten-free since it is only made of nixtamalized corn.
Is masa harina healthy?
Yes, masa harina is a healthy ingredient used in recipes like corn tortillas. It's filled with many different vitamins, minerals, and macronutrients.
Are masa harina and polenta the same?
No, masa harina is not the same as polenta. Polenta is a variety of cornmeal and, therefore, it does not go through the nixtamalization process like masa harina.
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President's column: It's the most wonderful time of the year
by Ken • President's Column • Tags: Football Writers Association of America, FWAA
By Matt Fortuna
A funny thing happens every Fourth of July at my in-laws' cookout. And no, I'm not talking about my cousin annually rigging the family cornhole tournament in his favor.
2019 FWAA President Matt Fortuna
Sure, it is the peak of summer; who doesn't love food, family, fireworks and fun? But the conversations for me — and I'm sure for most of you — inevitably shift to college football season. It turns out that when a majority of your family has graduated from two of last year's Playoff schools (but, alas, not the two finalists), it is never too early to start the hype machine, and the questions are aplenty.
For those of us in the FWAA, Independence Day is a reminder that our summers are darn near over, and that that is perfectly fine if you are fortunate enough to make a living writing about this great sport.
It may be hard to believe, but media days — our preseason — are upon us. Four of the five Power conferences will hold their annual kickoff events next week across the country, and the FWAA will be out and about at each of them — along with the Pac-12 the following week — looking to spread the word about our message.
We recently announced our new access/press relations committee, a collaborative effort between a talented and experienced group of writers and media relations pros who will help ensure a healthier dialogue between the media and the schools that they cover.
We will celebrate the 75th anniversary of our All-America Team this season, with a sponsor that will be announced Aug. 31 in conjunction with the Auburn-Oregon game in Arlington, Texas.
We will name our 63rd Coach of the Year, with Coach Eddie Robinson serving as the namesake of the award since the 1997 season. We will name our 74th Outland Trophy recipient, with the National Foundation for Infectious Diseases (NFID) serving as the presenting sponsor for a second straight year.
We will select the 27th FWAA Defensive Player of the Year (Bronko Nagurski Trophy) in 2019, with the presentation being hosted by the Charlotte Touchdown Club for a 25th straight year. And we will partner with Shaun Alexander for a second straight year to name a Freshman of the Year. We will announce an additional sponsor for that award and the 2019 FWAA Freshman All-America Team soon.
It is membership season — or #SZN, as the recruits of today would tweet — and we ask that you join or renew by July 12 to guarantee your inclusion in the 2019-20 FWAA print directory. It takes less than three minutes to join here, and your active membership will grant you access to everything on collegepressbox.com once the new and expanded site is unveiled this summer.
This really is the most wonderful time of the year — when us in the Midwest can enjoy our brief period of sunshine, when Notre Dame and Oklahoma fans can gather 'round the grill and resist temptation to insult each other, and, most importantly, when all of us in the press can get back to doing what we love.
Nominations sought 2019 Armed Forces Merit Award
2019 Outland Trophy watch list unveiled


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<< < October > >>
author > Birthdays > october_12
Birthdays occurring on October, 12
1896 Eugenio Montale was born on October 12, 1896
Italian poet, prose writer, editor, and translator, 1896-1981
The most dangerous aspect of present-day life is the dissolution of the feeling of individual responsibility. Mass solitude has done away with any difference between the internal and the external, between the intellectual and the physical.
More quotations from Eugenio Montale
1902 Arna Bontemps was born on October 12, 1902
Is there something we have forgotten? Some precious thing we have lost, wandering in strange lands?
More quotations from Arna Bontemps
1903 Grayson Kirk was born on October 12, 1903
The most important function of education at any level is to develop the personality of the individual and the significance of his life to himself and to others
More quotations from Grayson Kirk
1920 Alice Childress was born on October 12, 1920
I continue to create because writing is a labor of love and also an act of defiance, a way to light a candle in a gale wind: "In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was God, and the Word was God."
More quotations from Alice Childress
1932 Dick Gregory was born on October 12, 1932
[A politician is] a person skilled in the art of compromise. Usually an elected official who has compromised to get nominated, compromised to get elected, and compromised repeatedly to stay in office.
More quotations from Dick Gregory
<< Prev 1 2 3 4 Next >>
Deaths occurring on October, 12
1694 Matsuo Basho died on October 12, 1694
There is nothing you can see that is not a flower; There is nothing you can think that is not the moon.
More quotations from Matsuo Basho
1887 Dinah Maria Mulock Craik died on October 12, 1887
English novelist and poet, 1826-1887
There are no judgments so harsh as those of the erring, the inexperienced, and the young
More quotations from Dinah Maria Mulock Craik
1924 Anatole France died on October 12, 1924
French writer, member of the French Academy and Nobel Prize for Literature in 1921, 1844-1924
More quotations from Anatole France
1969 Sonja Henie died on October 12, 1969
ice skater and actress, 1912-1969
Jewelry takes people's minds off your wrinkles.
More quotations from Sonja Henie
1971 Gene Vincent died on October 12, 1971
While I was in the U.S. Navy I was a crack marksman. I have a collection of guns at home in New Mexico and the guns in this case were given to me by friends in Germany for that collection. I guess I just brandished one in a moment of temper.
More quotations from Gene Vincent
1 2 3 Next >>


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If it sounds too good to be true, then it undoubtedly is. .The top 10 web hosting companies are: Blue Host, Power Hosting, Pages Garden, Pro Logic Hosting, Easy CGI, Gigabyte Package, Yahoo! Hosting, iPower Web, Lunar pages, and Dot5 Web Hosting.
All of these are very miserly web companies. You will find them enumerated at top10webhosting.com. At this website you will also find customer testimonials and careful schedule about the close-fisted web company's public amenities they offer to you.
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Found 82 out of 82 items.
Eiffel libraries to used in game developpment.On Windows, you must copy the correct DLL in the project folder or in the Windows system folder. See: https://github.com/tioui/eiffel_game_lib/raw/40abacf6d7321965fa0c934109957abf4228f117/C_library_Windows.zip . On linux, you need those development libraries installed: SDL, SDL_image, SDL_gfx, SDL_ttf, OpenAL, Libsndfile and FFMPEG LibAV. On ubuntu, use: sudo apt-get install libsdl-dev libsdl-image1.2-dev libsdl-gfx1.2-dev libsdl-ttf2.0-dev libopenal-dev libsndfile1-dev libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev libavresample-dev .


Finding affordable, quality parking lot striping paint is a must for any striping company. Every dollar extra you spend on paint comes out of your profit and goes into the paint stores pocket. Here is the most amazing thing. You will be buying more striping paint than they do. They buy from the manufacturer and sell to you. It should be the other way around.
In this article I want to cover the up front task of locating parking lot striping paint or traffic paint at a fair price. The information in this article is something that most paint retailers don't want you to know. They would prefer you purchase your traffic / striping paint from their store at $15 – $20 per gallon instead of you getting it straight from the manufacturer and paying $5 – $10 per gallon. I also want to go over how to get your paint to dry faster in cool weather or at night. This will prevent you from having to buy more expensive quick dry paint.
Since a striping companies main product is paint, it goes without saying that you will be going through a lot of it. Mostly yellow and white and some blue and maybe a little red. In a given year you may go through hundreds of gallons of paint. Much more striping paint than an average paint store will sell or stock. They carry it for the once in a while user who just needs a gallon or five gallons. As a professional parking lot striper, you should never have to pay full price for paint.
Also, try the internet. Search using Google for "paint manufacturers" or "traffic paint manufacturer", etc.. There are several across the country and if you cannot find a local company you can always have a pallet of paint shipped direct. Shipping runs about $100 – $150 for a pallet.
Here is how you can get your paint to dry faster. Simply add a small amount of alcohol to it. NOTE – This is only applicable to water based or water borne traffic paints. Don't try adding alcohol to oil based paints. We use Isopropol Alcohol from Kmart or CVS but you can also use other types. The paint manufacturer will normally let you know which type they use. I use about 3 ounces per gallon of paint or around a 16 ounce bottle for a 5 gallon pail. Again, check with the striping paint manufacturer about what alcohol is most compatible or do some tests yourself to determine compatibility. They will try to sell you their fast dry paint, but if you press them they will tell you what to use. I have been doing this for years and have not had the first problem. But again, make sure you test it out on a quart or so first. Note – fast dry paint straight from the manufacturer is fine but you will be carrying that plus your regular paint which doubles your inventory. Adding alcohol helped us to keep from having to carry two types of paint.
You may need to carry around $800 – $1000 in paint inventory. That number may need to be increased later depending on the size of your average job and how far you paint supplier is from you. That is around 15 – 20 five gallon pails of paint. Say 9 white, 9 yellow, and 2 blue. This is just an estimate based on our companies inventory level.