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Laxman Lal (Dead) through LRS. and ANR. Vs. State of Rajasthan and Ors.
[Civil Appeal No. 6392 of 2003]
R.M. LODHA, J.
1. The compulsory acquisition of the land admeasuring 4 bigha and 2 biswa comprised in Khasra no. 1013 at Dungarpur (Rajasthan) is the subject matter of this appeal by special leave. The appellants were unsuccessful in challenging the acquisition of the above land in the High Court. They failed before the Single Judge as well as the Division Bench.
2. The two questions that arise for consideration are: (i) Whether preliminary notification under Section 4 of the Rajasthan Land Acquisition Act, 1953 (for short, "1953 Act") issued on 01.05.1980 has lapsed since declaration under Section 6 of that Act was made on 19.03.1987 after the expiry of two years from the commencement of the Rajasthan Land Acquisition (Amendment and Validation) Act, 1981 (for short, "1981 Amendment Act"). (ii) Whether invocation of power of urgency and dispensation of inquiry under Section 5-A after 7 years of issuance of preliminary notification under Section 4 of the 1953 Act are legally sustainable?
3. The above two questions arise from these facts: on 01.05.1980,the state government issued a preliminary notification under Section 4that the subject land was needed or likely to be needed for a public purpose, namely, construction of bus stand. The state government required and authorised Land Acquisition Officer (SDO), Dungarpur to enter upon, do survey and all other acts necessary to ascertain whether land was suitable for such public purpose and enquire into and ascertain the particulars of the persons interested in such land.
4. On 19.03.1987, a notification was issued under Section 6 of the1953 Act. By that notification the state government also invoked its powers conferred under Section 17(1) read with Section 17(4) of the 1953Act and dispensed with the provisions of Section 5-A.
5. An important event occurred between 01.05.1980 and 19.03.1987.The State Legislature following the Ordinance promulgated by the Governor amended the 1953 Act by the 1981 Amendment Act. Effective from 27.06.1981,by the 1981 Amendment Act, Section 6 of 1953 Act was amended and the following proviso in Section 6 was inserted: "Provided that no declaration in respect of any particular land covered by a notice under section 4, sub-section 5, given after the commencement of the Rajasthan Land Acquisition (Amendment and Validation) Act, 1981, shall be made after the expiry of three years from the date of giving of such notice:
6. "Section 5 of the 1981 Amendment Act provides for validation of certain acquisitions. Sub-sections 1(b) and (2) thereof, which are relevant for the present controversy, read as follows : "S. 5. Validation of certain acquisitions.- (1) (a) xxx xxx xxx (b) any acquisition in pursuance of any notice given under sub-section (5) of section 4 of the principal Act before the commencement of this Act may be made after such commencement and no such acquisition and no action taken or thing done (including any order made, agreement entered into or notice given), whether before or after such commencement, in connection with such acquisition shall be deemed to be invalid merely on the grounds referred to in clause (a) or any of them. (2) Notwithstanding anything contained in clause (b) of sub- section (1) no declaration under section 6 of the principal Act in respect of any land for the acquisition of which notice under sub-section (5) of section 4 of the principal Act has been given before the commencement of this Act, shall be made after the expiry of two yeas from the commencement of the said Act.
7. "The above acquisition was challenged in three writ petitions before the High Court. One of these writ petitions was filed by Laxman Laland Manohar Lal. Both these petitioners are dead and now represented by their legal representatives who are appellants herein. The challenge to the acquisition was laid on diverse grounds but none of the grounds persuaded the Single Judge and all the three writ petitions were dismissed by a common order dated 11.05.1999.
8. The order of the Single Judge was challenged in intra-court appeal by the writ petitioners. Before the Division Bench, the following three points were raised in support of the appeal:-
I) Proceedings could not be continued because notification under Section 6 of the Act was issued after a lapse of about 7 years. This was in view of the provisions of sub-section (2) of Section 5 of the Rajasthan Land Acquisition (Amendment and Validation) Act, 1981. The said provisions provided a limitation of two years from the date of commencement of the Validation Act for issuing the declaration under Section 6. Since the declaration was issued much beyond this period of limitation the same was liable to be quashed. It was further contended that Section 17(4) notification could not be used to validate the proceedings.
II) Notice under Section 17(4) was void ab initio because the respondents failed to tender payment of 80 percent of compensation as envisaged under sub-section (3)(a) of Section 17 of the Land Acquisition Act. III) The action of the respondents is highly arbitrary. By issuing a notification under Section 4 of the Act in the year 1980 the appellants were being pegged down for purposes of payment of compensation although effectively the acquisition was being made in the year 1987.
9. Dealing with the first point, the Division Bench held as under: It will be seen from the above that a declaration under Section 6 in respect of the land can be made at any time after the publication of the notification under Section 4(1). In view of this specific statutory provision which is admittedly applicable, it cannot be said that a declaration under Section 6 could not have been issued after a lapse of 7 years or more. Learned counsel for the appellants fairly conceded that Section 17 is a Code in itself. It contains complete procedure for acquisition made under the said provision. Section 17 is a provision to be resorted to in cases of urgency. Notification under Section 4 of the Act already stood issued with respect to the land in question as far back as the year 1980. The Government felt the urgency for the acquisition and, therefore, Section 17(4) notification, read with Section 6, was issued on 19.03.1987. We find no illegality in the procedure following in the facts of the case.
10. It is not necessary to deal with the second ground urged before the Division Bench as it has not been pressed before us. As regards the third ground, the Division Bench held as under: "Lastly, the learned counsel raised an argument suggesting arbitrariness on the part of the respondents. As already noted, Section 17 permits the Government to invoke its provisions at any time, therefore, there is no statutory bar so far as the action is concerned. If the action of the respondents results in some hardship to the landowners normally, the provision regarding payment of interest takes care of the hardship. The power of compulsory acquisition of land is in the nature of a power of eminent domain which the State is entitled to exercise keeping in view the larger public interest as against individual interest.
11. "We shall deal with the second question first. Two basic facts are not in dispute, namely, one, preliminary notification under Section 4 showing intention to acquire the subject land for a public purpose, namely, construction of bus stand was issued by the state government on 01.05.1980 and two, the declaration under Section 6 of the1953 Act was made on 19.03.1987 and by means of that very notification the state government exercised its power of urgency under Section 17(1) read with Section 17(4) and dispensed with enquiry under Section 5A. Thus, the power of urgency was invoked for the first time by the state government after seven years of issuance of the preliminary notification under Section 4.
12. Section 4 of the 1953 Act is identical to Section 4 of the Land Acquisition Act, 1894 (for short, "1894 Act"). It provides that whenever the state government considers it necessary or expedient to acquire land in any locality, needed or likely to be needed for a public purpose, it shall, by an order published in accordance with the provisions of sub-section (4) of Section 45, require any officer subordinate to it and generally or specially authorised in this behalf, to enter upon or into any land in such locality accompanied by his servants and workmen for the purpose stated therein. Sub-section (5) of Section 4 empowers the Collector to issue notice to the persons interested of the proposed acquisition and also issue a public notice to that effect at convenient places on or near about the land proposed to be acquired.
13. Section 5A enables the person interested in any land in respect of which notice has been issued under Section 4 (5) to object to acquisition of that land.
14. Section 6 is also similar to Section 6 of the 1894 Act. Interalia, it provides that when the state government is satisfied after considering the report, if any, made under Section 5-A that any particular land is needed for a public purpose, a declaration shall be made to that effect. Such declaration is conclusive evidence that the land is needed for a public purpose and after making such declaration the state government may acquire the land in the manner provided in sub-section (4) thereof. As noticed above, Section 6 came to be amended by the 1981 Amendment Act and, inter alia, limitation of three years for issuance of notification under Section 6 was fixed from the date of issuance of notice under Section 4(5).As regards the notice issued under Section 4(5) prior to the 1981 Amendment Act, limitation of two years from coming into force of the 1981 Amendment Act was fixed.
15. Section 17 of the 1953 Act gives special powers to the state government in the cases of urgency and emergency. To the extent it is relevant, Section 17 reads as under: "S. 17. Special powers in case of urgency.-In cases of urgency, whenever the State Government so directs the Collector though no such award has been made may, on the expiration of fifteen days from the publication of the notice mentioned in section 9, sub-section (1), take possession of any waste or arable land needed for public purposes or for a company. Such land shall thereupon vest absolutely in the State Government free from all encumbrances. xxx xxx xxx 2. xxx xxx xxx 3. xxx xxx xxx 4. In the case of any land to which in the opinion of the State Government the provisions of sub-sections (1) or sub-section (2) are applicable the State Government may direct that the provisions of section 5-A shall not apply and, if it does so direct a declaration may be made under section 6 in respect of the land at any time after the publication of the order under sub-section (1) of section 4. 5. xxx xxx xxx 6. xxx xxx xxx 7. xxx xxx xxx
16. "The statutory provisions of compulsory acquisition contained in the 1953 Act are not materially different from the 1894 Act. This Court has explained the doctrine of eminent domain in series of cases. Eminent domain is the right or power of a sovereign state to appropriate the private property within the territorial sovereignty to public uses or purposes. It is an attribute of sovereignty and essential to the sovereign government. The power of eminent domain, being inherent in the government, is exercisable in the public interest, general welfare and for public purpose. The sovereign is entitled to reassert its dominion over any portion of the soil of the state, including private property without its owner's consent provided that such assertion is on account of public exigency and for public good.
17. Article 300-A of the Constitution mandates that no person shall be deprived of his property save by authority of law. Though right to property is no longer a fundamental right but the constitutional protection continues in as much as without the authority of law, a person cannot be deprived of his property. Accordingly, if the state intends to appropriate the private property without the owners' consent by acting under the statutory provisions for compulsory acquisition, the procedure authorized by law has to be mandatorily and compulsorily followed. The power of urgency which takes away the right to file objections can only be exercised by the state government for such public purpose of real urgency which cannot brook delay of few weeks or few months. This Court as early as in1964 said that the right to file objections under Section 5-A is a substantial right when a person's property is being threatened with acquisition; such right cannot be taken away as if by a side wind(Nandeshwar Prasad & Ors. v. U.P. Govt. & Ors.[1]).
18. In Munshi Singh & Ors. v. Union of India[2], this Court explained the importance of Section 5-A in the following terms: "7. Section 5-A embodies a very just and wholesome principle that a person whose property is being or is intended to be acquired should have a proper and reasonable opportunity of persuading the authorities concerned that acquisition of the property belonging to that person should not be made. We may refer to the observation of this court in Nandeshwar Prasad v. The State of U.P. [AIR 1964 SC 1217] that the right to file objections under Section 5-A is a substantial right when a person's property is being threatened with acquisition and that right cannot be taken away as if by a side wind. Sub-section (2) of Section 5-A makes it obligatory on the Collector to give an objector an opportunity of being heard. After hearing all objections and making further inquiry he is to make a report to the appropriate Government containing his recommendation on the objections. The decision of the appropriate Government on the objections is then final. The declaration under Section 6 has to be made after the appropriate Government is satisfied, on a consideration of the report, if any, made by the Collector under Section 5-A(2). The legislature has, therefore, made complete provisions for the persons interested to file objections against the proposed acquisition and for the disposal of their objections. It is only in cases of urgency that special powers have been conferred on the appropriate Government to dispense with the provisions of Section 5-A: [See Section 17(4) of the Acquisition Act.]"
19. In Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd. v. Darius Shapur Chenai & Ors.[3], it was reiterated by this Court that Section 5-A confers avaluable right in favour of a person whose lands are sought to be acquired.
20. We do not think it is necessary to multiply the authorities. Ina comparatively recent judgment, this Court speaking through one of us(R.M. Lodha, J.) in Anand Singh and Another v. State of Uttar Pradesh andOthers[4] explained the importance of Section 5-A in the following words: "41. That Section 5-A of the Act confers a valuable right to an individual is beyond any doubt. As a matter of fact, this Court has time and again reiterated that Section 5-A confers an important right in favour of a person whose land is sought to be acquired.
42. When the Government proceeds for compulsory acquisition of a particular property for public purpose, the only right that the owner or the person interested in the property has, is to submit his objections within the prescribed time under Section 5-A of the Act and persuade the State authorities to drop the acquisition of that particular land by setting forth the reasons such as the unsuitability of the land for the stated public purpose; the grave hardship that may be caused to him by such expropriation, availability of alternative land for achieving public purpose, etc. Moreover, the right conferred on the owner or person interested to file objections to the proposed acquisition is not only an important and valuable right but also makes the provision for compulsory acquisition just and in conformity with the fundamental principles of natural justice.
21. "This Court has dealt with the scope, extent and ambit of the power of the state government under Section 17(1) and (4) of the 1894 Act from time to time. Narayan Govind Gavate & Ors. v. State of Maharashtra & Ors.[5], Deepak Pahwa & Ors. v. Lt. Governor of Delhi & Ors.[6], State of U.P. v. Smt. Pista Dev & Ors.[7], State of U.P. & Anr. v. Keshav PrasadSingh[8], Chameli Singh & Ors. v. State of U.P. & Anr. [9], Meerut Development Authority & Ors. v. Satbir Singh & Ors.[10], Om Prakash & Anr. v. State of U.P. & Ors.[11], Union of India & Ors. v. Mukesh Hans[12],Union of India & Ors. v. Krishan Lal Arneja & Ors.[13], Mahadevappa Lachappa Kinagi & Ors. v. State of Karnataka & Ors.[14], Babu Ram & Anr. v. State of Haryana & Anr.[15] and Tika Ram & Ors. v. State of U.P.[16]have been referred to in Anand Singh4 and the legal position in paragraphs 43 to 48 of the Report (pgs. 265-266) is culled out as follows:
"43. The exceptional and extraordinary power of doing away with an enquiry under Section 5-A in a case where possession of the land is required urgently or in an unforeseen emergency is provided in Section 17 of the Act. Such power is not a routine power and save circumstances warranting immediate possession it should not be lightly invoked. The guideline is inbuilt in Section 17 itself for exercise of the exceptional power in dispensing with enquiry under Section 5-A. Exceptional the power, the more circumspect the Government must be in its exercise. The Government obviously, therefore, has to apply its mind before it dispenses with enquiry under Section 5-A on the aspect whether the urgency is of such a nature that justifies elimination of summary enquiry under Section 5-A.
44. A repetition of the statutory phrase in the notification that the State Government is satisfied that the land specified in the notification is urgently needed and the provision contained in Section 5-A shall not apply, though may initially raise a presumption in favour of the Government that prerequisite conditions for exercise of such power have been satisfied, but such presumption may be displaced by the circumstances themselves having no reasonable nexus with the purpose for which the power has been exercised. Upon challenge being made to the use of power under Section 17, the Government must produce appropriate material before the Court that the opinion for dispensing with the enquiry under Section 5-A has been formed by the Government after due application of mind on the material placed before it.
45. It is true that power conferred upon the Government under Section 17 is administrative and its opinion is entitled to due weight, but in a case where the opinion is formed regarding the urgency based on considerations not germane to the purpose, the judicial review of such administrative decision may become necessary.
46. As to in what circumstances the power of emergency can be invoked are specified in Section 17(2) but circumstances necessitating invocation of urgency under Section 17(1) are not stated in the provision itself. Generally speaking, the development of an area (for residential purposes) or a planned development of city, takes many years if not decades and, therefore, there is no reason why summary enquiry as contemplated under Section 5-A may not be held and objections of landowners/persons interested may not be considered. In many cases, on general assumption likely delay in completion of enquiry under Section 5-A is set up as a reason for invocation of extraordinary power in dispensing with the enquiry little realising that an important and valuable right of the person interested in the land is being taken away and with some effort enquiry could always be completed expeditiously.
47. The special provision has been made in Section 17 to eliminate enquiry under Section 5-A in deserving and cases of real urgency. The Government has to apply its mind on the aspect that urgency is of such nature that necessitates dispensation of enquiry under Section 5-A. We have already noticed a few decisions of this Court. There is a conflict of view in the two decisions of this Court viz. Narayan Govind Gavate [(1977) 1 SCC 133] and Pista Devi [(1986) 4 SCC 251]. In Om Prakash [(1998) 6 SCC 1] this Court held that the decision in Pista Devi [(1986) 4 SCC 251] must be confined to the fact situation in those days when it was rendered and the two-Judge Bench could not have laid down a proposition contrary to the decision in Narayan Govind Gavate [(1977) 1 SCC 133]. We agree.
48. As regards the issue whether pre-notification and post- notification delay would render the invocation of urgency power void, again the case law is not consistent. The view of this Court has differed on this aspect due to different fact situation prevailing in those cases. In our opinion such delay will have material bearing on the question of invocation of urgency power, particularly in a situation where no material has been placed by the appropriate Government before the Court justifying that urgency was of such nature that necessitated elimination of enquiry under Section 5-A.
22. "Anand Singh4 has been referred to in later cases, one of such decisions is Radhy Shyam (Dead) Through LRs & Ors.. v. State of Uttar Pradesh and Others[17] wherein this Court in paragraph 77 (v) to (ix) of the Report stated as follows: "77(v) Section 17(1) read with Section 17(4) confers extraordinary power upon the State to acquire private property without complying with the mandate of Section 5-A. These provisions can be invoked only when the purpose of acquisition cannot brook the delay of even a few weeks or months.
Therefore, before excluding the application of Section 5-A, the authority concerned must be fully satisfied that time of few weeks or months likely to be taken in conducting inquiry under Section 5- A will, in all probability, frustrate the public purpose for which land is proposed to be acquired. (vi) The satisfaction of the Government on the issue of urgency is subjective but is a condition precedent to the exercise of power under Section 17(1) and the same can be challenged on the ground that the purpose for which the private property is sought to be acquired is not a public purpose at all or that the exercise of power is vitiated due to mala fides or that the authorities concerned did not apply their mind to the relevant factors and the records. (vii) The exercise of power by the Government under Section 17(1) does not necessarily result in exclusion of Section 5-A of the Act in terms of which any person interested in land can file objection and is entitled to be heard in support of his objection.
The use of word "may" in sub-section (4) of Section 17 makes it clear that it merely enables the Government to direct that the provisions of Section 5-A would not apply to the cases covered under sub-section (1) or (2) of Section 17. In other words, invoking of Section 17(4) is not a necessary concomitant of the exercise of power under Section 17(1). (viii) The acquisition of land for residential, commercial, industrial or institutional purposes can be treated as an acquisition for public purposes within the meaning of Section 4 but that, by itself, does not justify the exercise of power by the Government under Sections 17(1) and/or 17(4).
The court can take judicial notice of the fact that planning, execution and implementation of the schemes relating to development of residential, commercial, industrial or institutional areas usually take few years. Therefore, the private property cannot be acquired for such purpose by invoking the urgency provision contained in Section 17(1). In any case, exclusion of the rule of audi alteram partem embodied in Sections 5-A(1) and (2) is not at all warranted in such matters. (ix) If land is acquired for the benefit of private persons, the court should view the invoking of Sections 17(1) and/or 17(4) with suspicion and carefully scrutinise the relevant record before adjudicating upon the legality of such acquisition.
23. "In light of the above legal position which is equally applicable to Section 17(1) and (4) of the 1953 Act, we may turn to the fact situation of the present matter. Section 4(5) notice under the 1953Act was issued by the state government in 1980. For almost seven years, no steps were taken in taking the acquisition proceedings pursuant to the Section 4(5) notice to the logical conclusion. Even inquiry under Section 5-A was not commenced, much less completed. Abruptly on 19.03.1987,without following the procedure contemplated in Section 5-A, the declaration under Section 6 was made and in that notification the state government stated that it has invoked its power of urgency under Section 17(1) and dispensed with inquiry under Section 5-A in exercise of its power under Section 17(4).
Can it be said that an inquiry under Section 5-A could not have been completed in all these years? We think that it could have been done easily and conveniently in few months leave aside few years. There were not large number of owners or persons interested in respect of the subject land. Section 5-A, which gives a very limited right to an owner/person interested, is not an empty formality. The substantial right under Section 5-A is the only right given to an owner/person interested to object to the acquisition proceedings. Such right ought not to be taken away by the State Government sans real urgency.
The strong arm of the government is not meant to be used nor it should be used against a citizen in appropriating the property against his consent without giving him right to file objections as incorporated under Section 5-A on any ostensible ground. The dispensation of enquiry under Section 17(4) has to be founded on considerations germane to the purpose and not in a routine manner. Unless the circumstances warrant immediate possession, there cannot be any justification in dispensing with an enquiry under Section 5-A. As has been stated by this Court in Anand Singh 4, elimination of enquiry under Section5-A must only be in deserving and in the cases of real urgency. Being an exceptional power, the government must be circumspect in exercising power of urgency.
24. In Anand Singh4, dealing with the issue whether the pre-notification and post-notification delay would render the invocation of urgency power void, this Court said that such delay would have material bearing on the question of invocation of urgency power, more so, in a situation where no material has been placed by the appropriate government before the Court justifying that urgency was of such nature that necessitated elimination of inquiry under Section 5-A.
25. In the counter affidavit filed on behalf of the respondent nos. 1 to 3 before this Court, in respect of invocation of power of urgency under Section 17(1) and dispensation of inquiry under Section17(4), it is stated as follows: "Section 17 of the Rajasthan Land Acquisition Act which is a code containing complete procedure for acquisition made under the said provision in case of urgency. In the present petition, urgency of the acquisition has been shown by the respondent. For the purpose of public interest, as a bus stand was to be put up, hence the nature of urgency is quite apparent. The government issued notification under Section 6 read with 17(4) of the Act on 19.03.1987 under the compulsory need of the land".
26. The counter affidavit filed by the respondent no. 4, i.e., Rajasthan State Road Transport Corporation is not relevant as Section 17confers power of urgency only on the state government alone and it is the state government that has to justify that the urgency was so imminent that dispensation of inquiry under Section 5-A was necessary.
27. The explanation by the state government unsupported by any material indicates that the state government feels that power conferred on it under Section 17(1) and (4) is unbridled and uncontrolled. The state government seems to have some misconception that in the absence of any time limit prescribed in Section 17(1) and (4) for exercise of such power after issuance of notice under Section 4 of the 1953 Act, it can invoke the power of urgency whenever it wants. We are afraid the whole understanding of Section 17 by the state government is fallacious.
This Court has time and again said with regard to Section 17(1) read with Section 17 (4) of the 1894 Act that the provisions contained therein confer extraordinary power upon the state to appropriate the private property without complying with the mandate of Section 5-A and, therefore, these provisions can be invoked only when the purpose of acquisition cannot brook the delay of even few weeks or months. This principle equally applies to the exercise of power under Section 17(1) and (4) of the 1953Act. The state government, therefore, has to apply its mind before it invokes its power of urgency and dispensation of inquiry under Section 5-A that the compliance of the mandate of Section 5-A may lead to precious loss of time which may defeat the purpose for which land is sought to be acquired. Any construction of building (institutional, industrial, residential, commercial etc.) takes some time and, therefore, acquisition of land for such purpose can always brook delay of few months. Ordinarily, invocation of power of urgency by the state government for such acquisition may not be legally sustainable.
28. In this case, as noted above, the preliminary notification under Section 4 was issued on 01.5.1980. After lapse of about 7 years on19.03.1987, one fine morning the state government issued declaration under Section 6 without complying with the mandate of Section 5-A and in that declaration it was stated that it has invoked its powers conferred under Section 17(1) read with Section 17 (4) of the 1953 Act and dispensed with the provisions of Section 5-A. Had the state government intended to hold and complete the inquiry under Section 5-A, it could have been done in few months. However, no steps for commencement of the inquiry under Section 5-Awere even taken by the state government. We find that a very valuable right conferred on the land owner/person interested under Section 5-A has been taken away without any justification. It is so because the bus stand construction would have taken some time. The exercise of the power by the state government under section 17(1) read with Section 17(4) of the 1953Act and dispensation of inquiry under Section 5-A can not be legally sustained and has to be declared as such.
29. Now, coming to the first question, it will be seen that preliminary notification under Section 4 was issued on 01.05.1980. At the time of issuance of the preliminary notification, the 1953 Act did not prescribe any time limit for issuance of declaration under Section 6.However, with effect from 27.06.1981 by the 1981 Amendment Act, Section 6was amended and a proviso was inserted that no declaration in respect of any land covered by notice under Section 4, sub-section (5), given after the commencement of the 1981 Amendment Act shall be made after the expiry of three years from the date of giving of such notice. This proviso is obviously applicable to the acquisition proceedings initiated after coming into force of the 1981 Amendment Act and has no application to the present fact situation.
As regards the acquisition proceedings which had already commenced by issuance of preliminary notification before coming into force of the 1981 Amendment Act, Section 5(1)(b) of the 1981 Amendment Act, interalia, provides that acquisition pursuant to such preliminary notification may be completed after commencement of the 1981 Amendment Act and no such acquisition and no action taken or thing done including any order made, agreement entered into or notice given, whether before or after such commencement, in connection with such acquisition shall be deemed to be invalid merely on the grounds referred to in clause (a) or any one of them.
Sub-section (2) of Section 5 of the 1981 Amendment Act, however, provides that notwithstanding anything contained in clause (b) of sub-section (1),no declaration under Section 6 of the 1953 Act in respect of any land for the acquisition of which notice under sub-section (5) of Section 4 has been given before the commencement of the 1981 Amendment Act shall be made after the expiry of two years from the commencement of the 1981 Amendment Act. Sub-section (2) of Section 5 of the 1981 Amendment Act begins with non obstante clause. Section 5(2) of the 1981 Amendment Act thus mandates that no declaration under Section 6 in respect of the notice issued under Section 4(5) before the commencement of the 1981 Amendment Act shall be made after expiry of two years from the commencement of the said Act. The provision leaves no manner of doubt that two years' time prescribed for making declaration under Section 6 in respect of the notice issued under Section 4(5) prior to the commencement of the 1981 Amendment Act is mandatory and permits no departure. This is clear from the words "no declaration" and "shall be made" used in Section 5(2).
The intention of the legislature admits of no ambiguity and it is clear that in respect of the notice issued under Section 4(5) before the commencement of the 1981Amendment Act, it is obligatory on the state government to make declaration on or before the expiry of two years from the commencement of the 1981 Amendment Act. The provision is imperative in nature and has to be followed as it lays down the maximum time limit within which the declaration under Section 6 of the 1953 Act can be made in respect of the notice under Section 4(5) issued before the commencement of the 1981Amendment Act.
30. On behalf of the respondents, two decisions of the Rajasthan High Court, one, Indrapuri Grah Nirman Sahakari Samiti Ltd. v. State of Rajasthan and others[18] and the other, Chain Singh and etc., v. State of Rajasthan and others[19] were cited. We are afraid insofar as Indrapuri Grah Nirman Sahakari Samiti Ltd.18 is concerned, it has no application whatsoever. As regards Chain Singh19, the Division Bench of the Rajasthan High Court was concerned with the provisions of the Land Acquisition(Rajasthan Amendment) Act, 1987 amending the 1894 Act. The provisions under consideration before the Rajasthan High Court in Chain Singh19 were materially different and, therefore, that decision is of no help to the respondents.
31. Learned counsel for the respondents also cited a decision of this Court in Pesara Pushapmala Reddy v. G. Veera Swamy and Others[20]. In Pesara Pushpamala Reddy20, this Court was concerned with the questions whether it was mandatory for the special tribunal or the special court to call for a report of the Mandal Revenue Officer before taking cognizance of a case under the Andhra Pradesh Land Grabbing (Prohibition) Act, 1982 (for short, "Land Grabbing Act") and whether it was mandatory for the special tribunal or the special court to publish a notification in the gazette notifying the fact of cognizance of a case under the Act. This Court considered the provisions of the Land Grabbing Act. In our view, Pesara Pushpamala Reddy20 is not even remotely relevant for the present case and has no application at all.
32. Having regard to clear and unambiguous mandate of Section 5(2)of the 1981 Amendment Act that no declaration under Section 6 of the 1953Act in respect of any land for the acquisition of which notice under Section 4(5) has been given before the commencement of the 1981 Amendment Act shall be made after the expiry of two years from the commencement of the 1981 Amendment Act, it has to be held and we hold that preliminary notification dated 01.05.1980, which was followed by notice under Section4(5) before the commencement of the 1981 Amendment Act, has lapsed and does not survive since declaration under Section 6 has been made much beyond the time limit prescribed in law.
33. Civil appeal is, accordingly, allowed. The impugned orders are set aside. It is declared that preliminary notification dated 01.05.1980has lapsed and the declaration made on 19.03.1987 is legally unsustainable. If possession of the subject land has been taken from the appellants, the same shall be restored to them without any delay. No orders as to costs.
..............................J. (R.M. Lodha)
..............................J. (J. Chelameswar)


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Kingston plays Nurse with Paul Whitehouse
Posted on 9th March 2015 20th May 2019 by FilmFixer
Paul Whitehouse's humane and funny take on mental health care was partly shot in Kingston's Cambridge Road Estate last summer.
The four-part TV series, adapted from a Radio 4 show, starts tomorrow night on BBC2 at 10pm. You might recognise Cambridge Road Estate at the start of the trailer here.
A donation to residents went toward an internet café. Residents Association chair Harry Hall says the café provides four computers with free internet access.
Paul Whitehouse, with his brilliant capacity for character roles, plays almost all the patients of Liz (Esther Coles) – a kindly community nurse.
They range from Graham, a morbidly obese, bed-ridden man with an unhealthy dependency on his mother, to Ray, a has-been pop star who had a huge Christmas single in the 1960s that is still a hit in Germany every year and who now suffers from "post-nasal depression".
There's also Billie the agoraphobic ex-con, Herbert the ageing rake, bipolar Ray, and Lorrie who suffers from schizophrenia.
Whitehouse has said, "The mental health element of it allows us to express deep-rooted issues that affect us all. We like to think these characters will strike a chord, because we are all there or thereabouts. It's more about the state of the nation and the lives we lead now."
Well, certainly the community of Cambridge Road Estate was happy to play its small part, so keep an eye out for Kingston.
Digging for Britain's filmmakers – Lambeth cemetery appears in Sean Penn's new action thriller
World Book Day toppled by Beano prankster – it's World Menace Day

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
LitSciPod
Laura E. Ludtke
THE LITERATURE AND SCIENCE PODCAST
LitSciPod is co-hosted by Dr Laura Ludtke and Dr Catherine Charlwood. Through its focus on inter- and multi-disciplinary LitSciPod explores important topics and research across humanities and STEM subjects. Every episode also features an interview with a leading scholar in the field of literature and science.
LitSciPod Tweets
Episode 5: Epigenetics, Race, Activism. Or, Who Are We And What Do We Think We're Doing?
About this episode:
Produced by: Catherine Charlwood (@DrCharlwood) and Laura Ludtke (@lady_electric).
Music composed and performed by Gareth Jones.
Laura and Catherine are joined by a special guest: Dr Lara Choksey (@larachoksey), postdoctoral research assistant at the Wellcome Centre for Cultures and Environments of Health at the University of Exeter. In addition to discussing #litsci aspects of her research and teaching, Lara also explores the intricacies of the language we use to talk about such topics as colonialism, her work with the Global Warwickshire Collective, and what #litsci might be able to offer in terms of decolonising the curriculum, or combating racism.
At the end of the episode, you can hear Lara read an extract from Saidiya Hartman's, Lose Your Mother: A Journey Along the Atlantic Slave Route (2006).
Episode resources:
Richard Dawkins, The Selfish Gene (1973)
Michael Symmons Roberts, 'To John Donne' and 'Mapping the Genome'
John Akomfrah (dir.), The Nine Muses (2010)
Julian Huxley, Evolution: The Modern Synthesis (1942)
Lily Kay, Who Wrote the Book of Life? A History of the Genetic Code (2000)
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck, Philosophie zoologique (1809)
Doris Lessing, "The Whitehorn Letters" (1944-1949)
---- Memoirs of a Survivor (1974)
---- Canopus in Argos: Archives (1979-1983)
Barbara McClintock, "The Significance of Responses of the Genome to Challenge." (1983)
The Double Helix history project
In the "Introduction" to The Cambridge Companion to Science Fiction (edited by E. James and F. Mendlesohn [CUP, 2003]), Farah Mendlesohn writes that, "Language is not trustworthy in sf: metaphor becomes literal."
, US


Son of William Lansdale, and Kate Elizabeth Robson.
Education: Staff College, Camberley (psc).
Deputy Lieutenant (DL), County of Worcester, 09.07.1958.
Son of Frederick Davidson Lumley, an RN Staff Surgeon, and Martha Codrington Lumley (née ....) (1873-1952).
Married (24.05.1924, Hampstead district, London) Olwen Esther Joan Pryse (12.06.1897 - 28.06.1940).
Common Cryer and Serjeant-At-Arms City of London, 1958; Swordbearer to the Lord Mayor of London, 1959-1961. Hon. Col RMFVR (City of London) 1961-.Comdt United Service Corps of Commissionaires, since 1958; Director: Pimms Ltd; H. D. Davies and Co. Ltd; Express Travel and Transport Co.


In my ever growing goal of making as many resources available online for new dancers as I can, I am tackling another hot topic: bounced checks. Now some of you may have been lucky enough to never have this happen. But I have had it happen to me and also had it happen to a dancer who was on the schedule I was in charge of. I will say that this is why contracts are so important. It is something that can be covered in the contract and also having payment terms in general is a good thing even if a bounced check isn't specifically addressed.
A bounced check is something that can happen even when it's a weekly restaurant gig. Sometimes it's an innocent mistake and a deposit wasn't timed correctly or it can happen when there is a change in ownership and accounts are closed out. This is why it is important not to hang onto checks and make sure you deposit them promptly.
So we've gone over how to prevent it from happening again but what do you do if it happens. How do you handle it professionally? Who do you go to? Well, if your venue has a restaurant liaison (scheduler) then that would be the person you go to. Give them the date, the number of the check and show them that it bounced. Also, let them know if there was a bounced check fee so that that can be covered as well. That person will go to the owner and try to facilitate a resolution. If you do not have a liaison, then contact the owner and set a time to meet. I have found that doing this in person is much easier. If you do not have time to visit the venue then calling will suffice. In a calm, non- accusatory manner, let them know what has happened. Typically they will take care of it by either re-issuing you a check or offering to pay you in cash.
If this is a case where the previous owner issued you the check and the new venue did not then this might be a little stickier. Legally, the new venue is not responsible for bills held by the previous business. They may be gracious enough to pay you but maybe not. The best move would be to contact the previous owner and make them aware of the situation. And be persistent. Offer to meet them somewhere to collect your pay so that they cannot delay. Again, your dancer liaison may be able to facilitate this process and make sure that the previous owner follows through.
The worse case scenario is that they ignore all of your requests and refuse to honor the check. Depending on the amount you could choose to take them to court or you might have to let it go. The lesson is clear, make sure to deposit your checks as soon as you can and always have a clear contract in place!


WHAT IT DOES- hydrates, softens and tones the skin, sexually intriguing.
Celebration is a fun and uplifting scent, reminding us everyday to celebrate every occasion, to celebrate life, to celebrate lone. A superb moisturizer that softens and nourishes the skin while providing a healthy radiant complexion.
TELL ME MORE- This body oil is perfect for dry skin, packed with argan oil that restores the skins suppleness and radiance. Use this oil in your hair to extend to awesome smell.
JUST FOR YOU- This body oil lingers on the skin all day. Excellent to use as we journey more into self love and caring more for ourselves.


text:
Carla Morrison Sings for Every Broken Heart
Ivan Fernandez Latino, Music April 25, 2011 April 25, 2011 1 Minute
Carla Morrison. Photo courtesy of Rolling Stone Mexico
Count Carla Morrison among the current crop of Mexican artists whose fame has exploded seemingly overnight. The singer/songwriter has won over millions of fans in her native Mexico and is slowly repeating that performance stateside.
The young starlet grew up in Tecate, Baja California (yes, that's the city where THAT beer is brewed in) and studied in Mexico City and Phoenix, AZ where she performed with various musicians, most notably Babaluca.
Morrison (no relation to Jim) released her debut EP, Aprendiendo a Aprender (Learning to Learn), in 2009 and followed it up with Mientras Tú Dormías (While You Were Sleeping) the following year. She most recently wowed audiences at SXSW and at her album premiere show at Hollywood Forever Cemetery's "Day of the Dead" festival.
"So what's the big deal?," you ask. At this point I must admit that any attempt at describing her music will fall flat despite the fact that she is armed with nothing but a guitar, an incredible voice and an enormous heart worn on both sleeves. Instead, I'll let her music speak for itself.
Una Salida (An Escape) – acoustic version
Pajarito del Amor (Little Bird of Love) (duet with Natalia LaFourcade)
Valentina – Compartir (live two-song set for La Blogotheque)
L.A. residents can catch Morrison live at The Echo this Tuesday night with opening act Las Cafeteras.
Aprendiendo a Aprender
Babaluca
Carla Morrison
La Blogotheque
Las Cafeteras
Mientras Tu Dormias
Published April 25, 2011 April 25, 2011
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text:
CORRIDORS│Visual Arts Photography Music & History
Content and Web Producer: John P. Walsh.
About Me & CORRIDORS.
Architecture & Design.
Art & Exhibitions.
Fashion & Glamour.
Film.
My Photography.
World History.
Former Miss Denmark to Playboy Model, Color Glamour Photographs of Dane Arden (Elsa Sørensen) in the 1950's and 1960's Tell A Story.
Former Miss Denmark Elsa Sørensen was a popular glamour model in the mid-1950's and early 1960's.
By John P. Walsh
Dane Arden (1934-2013) was an international magazine model in the 1950's and 1960's. She was born Elsa Sørensen on March 25, 1934 in Copenhagen, Denmark, and, after she won the title of Miss Denmark as a teenager went with her family to live in Vancouver, Canada. Her debut in the September 1956 issue of Playboy magazine gave her much publicity and she went on to appear multiple times in that American men's entertainment and lifestyle publication. Dane Arden also modeled for magazines such as the U.S. version of Australia's Adam magazine. Elsa moved to Los Angeles, married twice, and died on April 18, 2013 at age 79 years following complications from a bicycle accident in Vero Beach, Florida.
In addition to Playboy, Elsa Sørensen appeared in the U.S. version of Adam magazine using the name Dane Arden which she used for all her non-Playboy modeling assignments.
In one favorite set of non-nude color photographs of Dane Arden—this from 1956, the same time as her Playboy shoot—22-year-old Dane Arden expresses her beauty, physical dynamism and engaging personality as she poses as a carhop bringing fast food to people in their cars at drive-in restaurants. Working carhops first appeared in the early 1920's along expanding and popular interstate roads and were mostly boys and men. But during and after World War II the role was increasingly performed by women. By the mid 1950's abundant drive-ins had to compete for customers in fast-moving automobiles and so carhop uniforms were eye catching. Uniforms on busy roads would be often creatively thematic with military, airline, space age, and cheerleader uniforms predominating. In this photograph Dane Arden is an especially alluring carhop who wears a skimpy plaid-patterned matching fringed halter top and short shorts with fringed apron cut to size. Wearing the typical flat shoes and head gear worn by many female car hops at the time, Dane Arden proffers the perfect uniform to greet her customers with their cups of hot coffee.
Dane Arden (Elsa Sørensen) in 1956 in her carhop uniform. In the mid 1950's drive-ins competed for customers in fast-moving automobiles using eye-catching carhop uniforms.
There's a fifteen-minute color documentary filmed in the mid 1970's at the legendary Keller's Drive-In in Dallas, Texas. Their original location opened in 1950 but closed in 2000. Today the oldest restaurant in the chain is the one that opened on Northwest Highway in Dallas in 1955. There are two more Keller's restaurants are on Garland Road and Harry Hines Boulevard. Keller's Drive-In remains a classic spot to enjoy their no-frills burger and a cold beer. Founder Jack Keller —who once worked at Kirby's Pig Stand which became the nation's first drive-in restaurant empire—died in 2016 at 88 years old. The documentary is about carhops and the American Graffiti-style drive-in culture which once littered America's roads from coast to coast.
MORE GLAMOUR COLOR PHOTOGRAPHS OF DANE ARDEN/ELSA SØRENSEN:
Elsa Sørensen enjoys a waterfall.
Elsa Sørensen
Elsa Sørensen by the fireplace.
Elsa Sørensen in orange Capri pants.
Dane Arden posed both nude and non-nude for pop-culture magazines like Tempo, Adam, and Playboy in the 1950's and 1960's.
Dane Arden observed that it took longer for her to achieve an attractive "disheveled look" in a swimsuit for a beach shoot than if she prepared for a fancy dress-up photographic session.
Dane Arden displayed the blonde bombshell image that became very popular in mid-20th century American popular culture.
Elsa Mattingly (Elsa Sorensen) (Dane Arden).
Elsa Sørensen was Playboy's Miss September 1956.
Dane Arden, Escapade magazine, 1956.
Dane Arden biography – Lentz III, Harris M., Obituaries in the Performing Arts, McFarland, 2013 and http://www.pulpinternational.com/pulp/entry/1960-photo-of-Danish-model-Elsa-Sorensen-aka-Dane-Arden.html (retrieved Aug. 28, 2017); women carhops – Koutsky, Kathryn Strand, Koutsky, Linda, and Ostman, Eleanor, Minnesota Eats Out: An Illustrated History, Minnesota Historical Society Press, 2003, p. 134; carhops history – http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/last-day-for-texas-celebrated-drive-in-pig-stands (retrieved Aug. 28, 2017); story of Keller's – http://res.dallasnews.com/interactives/kellers/ published on March 18, 2015 and http://www.dallasobserver.com/restaurants/the-man-who-brought-us-one-of-dallas-greatest-burgers-has-died-8271874 (retrieved Aug. 28, 2017).
©John P. Walsh. All rights reserved. No part of this material may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by an means, electronic or mechanical, which includes but is not limited to facsimile transmission, photocopying, recording, rekeying, or using any information storage or retrieval system.
This entry was posted in Glamour Photography, Portraits and tagged 1950s, Adam magazine, Carhop, Dane Arden, drive-in restaurants, Elsa Sørensen, Jack Keller, Keller's Drive In, Kirby's Pig Stand, pin-up, Playboy magazine on August 28, 2017 by jwalsh2013.
On Trump's North Korea Crisis (2017) and Kennedy's Cuban Missile Crisis (1962).
By John P. Walsh, dated August 9, 2017
In addition to Twitter, the media tells us that U.S. President Donald J. Trump loves to watch a lot of TV. I hope he has seen this film: Virtual JFK (2008). "Does it matter," the film's narrator states, "who is president on issues of war and peace? Can a president make a decisive difference in matters of war and peace? Can a president decisively lead his country into war or keep his country out of war? Or are the forces that drive nations into conflict far more impersonal (and) out of the control of any human being, even a president?"
In 2014 nine nations around the world—including North Korea—have around 16,300 nuclear weapons. Estimates are that North Korea's arsenal today may be about 20 warheads or higher. In descending order of warhead amounts, the other nuclear states are Russia (8,000 warheads), the U.S.A. (7,300), France (300), China (250), the UK (225), India and Pakistan (about 100 each) and Israel (80). According to the National Security Archive, the last tactical nuclear weapons left Cuba in December 1962. For a rogue state such as North Korea to possess nuclear weapons is dangerous and unpredictable to the region and world.
Like JFK in the Cuban Missile Crisis in 1962, the U.S. must use its military and moral strength to seek and find a conclusion so that North Korea changes course on their nuclear weapons peacefully. Exactly what that change should look like is an important debate not explored here, but the U.S. must NOT and NEVER start or provoke a nuclear war to achieve it. Kennedy prepared for nuclear war during the Cuban Missile Crisis, but always carefully did not pull the trigger. There can be no close analogy between Cuba in 1962 and North Korea in 2017. Cuba is 90 miles off American shores and North Korea about 6,500 miles from the Continental U.S. In the Cuban Missile Crisis, those were clearly Russian nukes. The Cold War by the early 1960's was a well-worn competitive geopolitical game that hadn't yet completely played out. The Russians built a wall in Berlin in 1961; Kennedy quarantined Cuba in 1962. In 2017 what is the multiplicity of sources Trump can hold accountable for the North Korean weapons deployment in addition to the rogue regime? China? Russia? Iran? If Pyongyang is today as remote and obscure as the Kremlin was in Kennedy's time, today's political and military equations are even more tangled and complicated.
Any calculations for war must include those who may or will get killed – and how many. Is American "hyper" power any good if its allies are casualties on a massive scale? No nuclear exchange must result with a hermit kingdom dictator who is not a friend of the U.S. or its allies in the region – especially if war may incalculably spread. If the U.S. has allies in the true meaning of the word then an attack on them by North Korea (or China or Russia) is equal to an attack on the homeland – otherwise what's the point of the U.S. having allies at all? We must protect our allies in the region to the highest degree so to defend and preserve our esteemed alliances. In this dangerous politico-military crisis there are ramifications with severe strong risk for the U.S. as a global power and markedly in that part of the world. North Korea must somehow stand down for there to be success from the perspective of the U.S and its allies.
Similar to the Cuban Missile Crisis that endured for 13 straight days—the Korean crisis has gone on arguably for over 60 years — patience and cool-headed leadership joined to a perfect calibration of carrot and stick (preferring the carrot) should serve as worthwhile qualities so to craft a necessarily peaceful and successful outcome. "Because of the ingenuity of science and man's own inability to control his relations one with another," said JFK in 1961 in Virtual JFK, "we happen to live in the most dangerous time in the history of the human race." The film states that experienced military advisers believed that whenever Americans committed military force – they won the conflict. But as frequent and strong pressure by many advisers is put on Kennedy to commit the U.S. to a war, the president time and again chose to avoid both conventional and nuclear war. It may not be remembered today but after the failure of the Bay of Pigs in 1961, there was talk of John Kennedy's impeachment for incompetence. Many in his own Democratic party wouldn't support him because they had convinced themselves he wasn't a serious political leader.
In 2017 the defeat of 33-year-old Kim Jong-un's nuclear threat short of war will not be simply a victory for the status quo but a step forward in terms of American leadership in that part of the world. An actual war, unless it could be completely nonnuclear, contained, and successful – which is improbable – cannot be in any civilized people's self-interest. Of course if Kim started a nuclear war, which is hopefully very remote but possible, war will come, as Trump said plainly on August 8, 2017, with "fire and fury." In October 1962 Kennedy's speech to the nation on the Cuban Missile Crisis included this "fiery" rhetoric: "Third: It shall be the policy of this nation to regard any nuclear missile launched from Cuba against any nation in the Western Hemisphere as an attack on the United States, requiring a full retaliatory response upon the Soviet Union." JFK concluded with the overall purpose of his actions: "Our goal is not the victory of might, but the vindication of right – not peace at the expense of freedom, but both peace and freedom, here in this hemisphere, and we hope, around the world. God willing, that goal will be achieved." In 2017 we may look for a resolution to the North Korea crisis where history repeats itself.
All through the Cold War Kennedy looked into the face of strategic MAD (Mutually Assured Destruction) without blinking and then chose to evoke the better angels of our nature. At the United Nations in his first year as president (September 25, 1961) Kennedy exhorted the world's representatives: "Together we shall save our planet – or together we shall perish in its flames. Save it we can. Save it we must. Then shall we earn the eternal thanks of mankind and, as peacemakers, the eternal blessing of God." President Trump would do well to aspire to the same.
Nine nuclear nations – http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/nine-nations-have-nuclear-weapons-here-is-how-many-each-country-has-a6827916.html
about 20 warheads – http://www.express.co.uk/news/world/791436/north-korea-nuclear-weapons-kim-jong-un-how-many
Last Cuba warheads removed – http://nsarchive.gwu.edu/NSAEBB/NSAEBB449/
Iran and North Korea – http://thediplomat.com/2016/04/the-iran-north-korea-connection/
fire and fury – https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/09/world/asia/north-korea-trump-threat-fire-and-fury.html?_r=0
United Nations speech – https://www.jfklibrary.org/Research/Research-Aids/JFK-Speeches/United-Nations_19610925.aspx
©John P. Walsh. All rights reserved. No part of this material may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, which includes but is not limited to facsimile transmission, photocopying, recording, rekeying, or using any information storage or retrieval system.
This entry was posted in Current Affairs, U.S. History and tagged Cuban Missile Crisis, Donald J. Trump;, John F. Kennedy, Kim Jong-un, North Korea crisis, Virtual JFK on August 9, 2017 by jwalsh2013.
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The 2013 Grampian Senior Ranking and Junior B event took place at Aberdeen Squash and Racketball Club on the 30th & 31st March 2013.
Results from the event can be found here- Grampian_B_Draw.
Photos can be can be viewed and downloaded here.
Thanks to all the players who took part as well as the volunteers, parents and referees who help make these events succeed.


For more information on schedule please contact Rutgers University Emergency Services at 848-932-4800 or visit their website @ https://ipo.rutgers.edu/publicsafety/defensive-driving.
Rutgers Emergency Services offers the New Jersey State Safety Council Defensive Driving Course enabling students, faculty, and staff members to meet the University requirement to operate a University owned, leased or rented vehicle. This course is available to non-members of the Rutgers community at a cost of $20.00 per student. Those affiliated with the University can attend free of charge.
Please bring a copy of your Drivers License to class.
Must have completed a vision screening within the last six (6) months if operating a University vehicle. One can be provided the day of the course for $15.00 per student.
If there are any questions regarding the New Jersey State Safety Council Defensive Driving Course, please contact Rutgers University Emergency Services at 848-932-4800 or visit their website @ https://ipo.rutgers.edu/publicsafety/defensive-driving.


Today, June 11, is National Corn on the Cob Day.
A fine dish for a summer buffet.
Comes from firms that sell floss.
Do they secretly root for decay?
This entry was posted on Monday, June 11th, 2012 at 7:47 pm	and is filed under Business Humor, Food & Drink Humor, Health & Medical Humor, Health Verse, Limericks, Odd Holidays. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. Both comments and pings are currently closed.
Stopped by to lend you an ear. Corny, but cute.
Hey, I presented you with a blog award (passing the joy along) and highlighted/linked to your blog at Practically at Home.
Linda at Practically at Home has presented you with the Kreativ Blog Award. See it here!
Thanks for the fun verse, Sideview!
And thanks for that award, Linda Ann! I appreciate the honor!


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Justice Meagan Hassan
Justice Hassan was elected to the bench on November 6, 2018. Prior to her election, she was a partner at a small constitutional rights law firm for eight years, where she also represented indigent criminal defense clients. During that time, she secured two clearly established rights at the Fifth Circuit (to film police officers and to pre-compliance review of Texas Medical Board subpoenas to doctors). Before taking the bench, she secured victories in cases involving the Age Discrimination in Employment Act, cyber-defamation, administrative law, and Anti-SLAPP. She had been recognized by Texas Super Lawyers as a Rising Star for 5 years, was awarded the Texas Civil Rights Project pro bono award in 2015, and was honored by her law school in 2012. She served as a board member for the Houston Young Lawyers Association, Houston Volunteer Lawyers, and the Women in the Law Section of the Texas Bar. She has taught a CLE on piercing grand jury secrecy to the National Police Accountability Project, has guest lectured concerning civil rights, police practices, and free speech at Texas Southern University and South Texas College of Law, and has provided counsel concerning a developing country's proposed cyber-crime statute. She enjoys dogs, travel, and woodworking.


This is a placeholder page for Erich Bishop, which means this person is not currently on this site. We do suggest using the tools below to find Erich Bishop.
You are visiting the placeholder page for Erich Bishop. This page is here because someone used our placeholder utility to look for Erich Bishop. We created this page automatically in hopes Erich Bishop would find it. If you are not Erich Bishop, but are an alumni of Hutchinson High School Hutchinson, KS, register on this site for free now.


The Sport and Recreation Alliance is the umbrella organisation for the governing and representative bodies of sport and recreation in the UK and represents more than 300 members – including organisations like The FA, the Rugby Football Union, British Athletics, the Ramblers, British Rowing and the Royal Aero Club. Several RAeC Members Associations are also member in their own right.
Their role, is to speak up on behalf of their members and represent their views at the highest level. They also provide members with a range of services to make life easier.
The Sport and Recreation Alliance was formally known as the CCPR or the Central Council of Physical Recreation.


Hamish Hamilton in the Daily Telegraph (7 August 2016) explores the issue of whether it is worth dec anting wine.
I have always thought that the main reason for decanting a bottle of fine wine was to let the air "breathe", softening otherwise harsh tannins in robust red wines.
The other main benefit is to make it easier to separate any sediment from the wine, which could otherwise ruin the enjoyment of an older wine.
Yet the use of a decanter can sometimes look pretentious, and of course there is no guarantee that the wine in the decanter is unaldulterated or disguised by the less scrupulous!
However, decanters can be en elegant addition to the dinner table.
There are strong practical reasons for separating a wine with sediment from that sediment, which can taste bitter and physically gets in the way of enjoyment. This traditionally involves standing the bottle upright for a day or two beforehand and pouring the wine into another clean glass container (glass is inert and if clear allows you to enjoy the colour of a wine, which can be a great pleasure) with a strong light source behind the bottleneck so that you can tell when the sediment is about to slip into the neck and can stop pouring at that point. That light source could be a candle or any strong light such as a desk light, table lamp without the shade or strip lighting under a wall-mounted cupboard. Bear in mind that some wines coat the inside of the bottle with a deposit that will not fall to the bottom of the bottle however long you stand it upright – but nor will it make the wine cloudy.
I often decant full bodied white wines which may have no sediment at all, simply because they look so gorgeously golden in a decanter. A glass jug or clean bottle would do just as well in practical terms. In the famous Locanda Cipriani on Torcello in the Venice lagoon, local fizzy white Prosecco is served in vast glass jugs.
Scientists say we should decant at the last possible moment so that no part of the wine's reaction with air be lost to us. As a host I confess I am prepared to sacrifice completeness for convenience with all but the most fragile old wines, say those over 25 years old, depending on their body and the style of the vintage. In practice therefore I tend to decant most wines that need decanting just before guests arrive, saving only really old bottles to be decanted just before serving.


Clifton-Clyde Grade School K-3 is a public elementary school located in Clifton, KS in the Clifton-Clyde School District. It enrolls 94 students in grades 1st through 12th. Clifton-Clyde Grade School K-3 is the 702nd largest public school in Kansas and the 53,349th largest nationally. It has 8.9 students to every teacher.
The form below lets you find Clifton-Clyde Grade School K-3 alumni info and Clifton-Clyde Grade School K-3 students.
Out of 753 ranked schools in Kansas, Clifton-Clyde Grade School K-3 is ranked 694th for total students on lunch assistance.
The percentage of Clifton-Clyde Grade School K-3 students on free and reduced lunch assistance (38.3%) is lower than the state average of 51.7%. This may indicate that the area has a lower level of poverty than the state average.


Discussion in 'Electronic Games' started by ilikegengar, May 21, 2008.
There are some DS tournaments listed amongst the long list of things to do at US Nationals.
As you can see from the list there are other DS games to join.
If you want to sign up in advance and add this to your badge, the number is #0887 for the D&P tournament.
What are the rules? Standard Nintendo? 2 vs 2? Uber?
Sure, I'll go. Why not.


text:
By Eric Harvey
Still displaying more promise than power, White Denim are thankfully able to slowly grow under the dim, fleeting spotlight of the Internet music world.
My base-level reaction to White Denim-- a trio who have seemingly never met neither a tempo they can't shift out of at a second's notice nor a branch of psychedelia they can't pluck from-- is a sense of jitteriness and slight unease, which could be what they're aiming toward. Yet once I start to gain a real feel for the band, I don't get the sense, as I do with many of their contemporaries, that they're merely reverent pastiche artists. Oh, there's plenty about their latest album Fits that pulls from the past-- the blistering fury of Love's "7 and 7 Is" is an obvious touchstone; the Doors' lusty freak-bliss pops up often. But at the same time, the band's choice of name and its aesthetic penchant for surface-level representation makes me think that, far from flipping through back issues of Creem for inspiration, they situate themselves in a nostalgia-for-the-present feedback loop.
Still, the first thing listeners will notice about White Denim is the way they switch sounds so abruptly: In opener "Radio Milk How Can You Stand It", the first two-thirds of the song is standard White Denim-- bass that sounds like it's reverberating from underground, percussion that chatters like wind-up plastic teeth, James Petralli's squawk mirrored by chippy, dirty guitars. Then after a millisecond pause, drums lock with guitar, a skronky sax appears, and Petralli's register shifts to a bluesy howl. The song, still satisfying and surprising on the 10th listen as on the first, could have been drawn from the catalog of any number of psych-based power trios, but it's executed well and makes for a great opener. More often, however, Fits features hippie paeans like "Mirrored and Reverse", bearing a wispy semi-refrain that suggests the Byrds' Fifth Dimension, without bringing much more to the table than atmosphere.
For all the moments Fits locks in and finds a groove strong enough to hang a hook on, it more often slides right past, on some sort of restless vision quest for something it's bound not to find. First single "I Start to Run" sounds like the Red Hot Chili Peppers circa Mother's Milk (there, I said it), and if they want to grind out propulsive, gonzo funk pastiche that's okay with me. It's when the group hints at something bigger and grander without manifesting something out of their ambitions, like on the album's last two songs, "Regina Holding Hands" and "Syncn", that I stop paying attention and instead start anticipating their next EP. "Regina" dispenses with any timbre resembling "honk" or "slap," substituting strummy acoustic guitar and a bluesy wail. "Syncn" ends the record on an even breezier note, Petralli's vocals holding in a creaky upper register that makes him sound like Devendra Banhart.
Incendiary live shows, sure, but White Denim are a product of the Internet, first and foremost. And their path has taken the sort of weird turns that one might expect for a band seeking to distinguish itself in a virtual market where seemingly everything's already been done. Their first EP was promising, to say the least, and since then they've released two very similar "follow-ups", Exposion and Workout Holiday, one in the U.S. and one in Europe, which folded those songs in with a bunch of others that failed to pack as much of a punch. And so Fits feels like the band's formal first LP-- lots of what makes them unique, and then those somewhat awkward "growth" points. That initial itchiness, in other words, never really goes away.
More Reviews for White Denim
Takes Place in Your Work Space EP
Last Day of Summer
Exposion
Let's Talk About It EP
Ultratronics
SNOOP CUBE 40 $HORT
Trillstatik 2


text:
Help Dawson
/ Casino / By Linda
Every day I receive e-mails from "experts" who want to sell me their system, describing how I can also win slots. Some have even suggested that I could easily earn $ 1,000 a day. I'd like to make $ 1,000 a day playing slot machines, but they're all scams to sell your useless information. Sure, "you can" easily make $ 1,000 a day, but … you can't, and these scammers know you can't, they're preventing you from being prosecuted for fake advertising with the word "possible." These ads are no more incredible than announcing a $ 79.99 book that states:
"You could win a million dollars in the next lottery draw, buy my book for $ 79.99 to find out how."
I could fill a book with all sorts of really interesting and invaluable information, tell you how to pick six lottery card numbers, and keep your promise, but do you think my book or my system can win you? No, but with or without my book, you can easily win.
I taught chance and statistics at university. I promise you'll both work against you in a big way every time you play slot machines. Las Vegas itself testifies to the losers. They didn't build that big casino, so people stopped for $ 1,000 a day. Because I wanted to see what slot books were all about, I gave some "system experts" an advantage in doubt and challenged them to send me their system for a free trial in exchange for two things, my testimony of how it worked, and half of my the first two days I won, it worked. It does not make sense? If that works, I'll write a review for her to use on her website, and if I spend $ 1,000 a day for two days, I'll pay her $ 1,000 for her system. It seems more than reasonable, they charge only $ 29.99 for their system, and if it's legitimate and it really works, I'm willing to pay them $ 1,000 for it. I believe that they are not only fraudsters, but also gamblers. In fact, only one of them tried to answer my challenge and told me that his system was just too valuable to waste time with a skeptic. Between reading the lines, that means he has so many fools in line to buy me his scam to risk exposing him.
I think these systems rely on gamblers, especially problem gamblers, to believe that there should be something to give them an advantage. They buy these "systems" in the hope that the deception they once offered them is in their position and has made some discovery that prevents them. The reality is rupiahslot88 that fraudsters will only discover human weakness and fall victim to it. Today, slot machines are so firmly based on the theory of chance and statistics that the casino wins in the end. Sure, you can win, but if you play too long, you will definitely lose. If there is a system that promises you to play slot machines, then the statistics and theories of chance that support the whole premise may bend in favor of the player and the casino will close.
Slot machines play a cycle of opportunity for nothing but computers. If you win because you are playing when the machine is hit, one option will result in a payout. It is always less than it is likely to lead to your loss.
Next time you're at the casino, take a look. Each casino slot machine costs the casino several thousand dollars. Most casinos cost many millions of dollars, and some use hundreds of people to keep them going. Look at the ceiling and count the cameras, then multiply that number by a few thousand dollars to see how much the casino has invested in security. Take a look at the beautiful tiled floors, green carpets, dining facilities, etc., then ask yourself if you believe you have a low-living man with a system that guarantees you will get $ 1,000 a day from this area. Take it a step further and ask yourself why he would sell it to you for $ 29.99 if he could sign contracts with other people to work for him, with a non-disclosure agreement and no competition clause. It could be his employees asking for his "system" for $ 300 a day, while giving him another $ 700 a day. Why did he let you use his "system" for $ 29.99? Because he can't pay to play slots all the time, and to support his habit, he has to buy you his "system" for the initial money. If you like playing slot machines and don't think you will lose a little money for a lot of fun, find out. If you like to play slot machines for the occasional excitement of winnings and you are ready to lose in the long run, well. Personally, I find books on scouting and find their value on the Internet as the same as playing slot machines, but when I'm looking for a loss, finding it doesn't cost me more than a few seconds, and I've always been happy. I was surprised when my cell phone told me I had found a winner.
Michael E. Mold is the author of "Online Bookstore: A Practical Guide with Detailed Explanations and Interesting Tips" and developer of "Bookstore Accounting," a 19-page linked and interleaved Excel workbook designed to help online booksellers. tax liabilities from retail sales and preparation of their tax forms according to list C. The "Bookstore" also provides 55 integrated charts for online booksellers to see how their business is doing.
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Copyright © 2023 Help Dawson | Powered by Astra WordPress Theme


Windows 7: BSOD Randomly at night AND Sometimes while installing certain games.
BSOD Randomly at night AND Sometimes while installing certain games.
I have a custom built PC that no longer then a week old. It BSOD randomly at night and sometimes while i am installing certain games. I know how to build Computers and do a good bit of work with them...but this so far has stumped me.
Any information would greatly be appreciated, also, my graphic cards are know to have certain problems, they have been know to crash computers. Do you think this is the case here? people say they are set for to high voltage so taking them down a little normally fixes the graphic card problem. Should I give it a try or do you think it something else?
Without the crash reports, it is difficult to say what the likely problem is: Please follow the https://www.sevenforums.com/crashes-d...tructions.html to provide us with the crash reports.
Also, if you need further help, remember to please follow the https://www.sevenforums.com/crashes-d...tructions.html.
I have Windows 7, 64 bit, home premium. it a Full retail version. All the hardware except the Video cards are less then two weeks old. the OS was installed on my SSD drive less then a week ago.
Your FNet Turbo HDD USB Driver - Also part of AsRock XFastUSB package is out of date and should be updated. If you cannot update it, consider removing it at least for testing purposes.
Also, you may consider removing any fast charging applications from ASRock. Those programs conflict with USB power management and can cause instability.
Your Intel storage controller drivers are not as current as they could be. That could cause conflicts with the SSD.
You should also consider doing a power cycle of the SSD. I have seen 0x124 crashes caused by the SSD having problems and the power cycle resolving those problems. The following steps should be carried out and take ~1 hour to complete.
thank you for your help so far, once I use your advice I will respond back to let you know how things are going.
Quick update, So far I have had no BSOD. i have uninstalled most of the optional programs that came on the disc, I don't use them anyway so it less things to worry about. I also did a power cycle, so far everything good, my PC was on all night and afternoon so far and no BSOD. i have not USED any programs or done anything to stress or test the PC yet but so far everything fine, once I have a chance to start using programs and playing games I will update again to let you know how things are going. Once again, THANK you for all your advice.
Unfortunately, while I was looking something up I have a BSOD I gathered information and maybe something else changed. I have included a new health report, any adivce is very much appreciated.
Random BSOD at night, error 0x0000001e, Updates possibly installing.


text:
Q: Unable to read XML Exception in thread "main" java.lang.ExceptionInInitializerError Stacktrace:
ERROR: HHH000196: Error parsing XML (2) : cvc-elt.1: Cannot find the declaration of element 'hibernate-mapping'.
Initial SessionFactory creation failed.org.hibernate.InvalidMappingException: Unable to read XML
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.ExceptionInInitializerError
    at com.nagarro.flightSystem.util.HibernateUtil.buildSessionFactory(HibernateUtil.java:17)
    at com.nagarro.flightSystem.util.HibernateUtil.<clinit>(HibernateUtil.java:7)
    at com.nagarro.flightSystem.dao.FlightDAO.convertDAO(FlightDAO.java:70)
    at com.nagarro.flightSystem.service.impl.FlightDataImpl.loadFlightData(FlightDataImpl.java:78)
    at com.nagarro.flightSystem.flightServiceController.MainService.main(MainService.java:58)
Caused by: org.hibernate.InvalidMappingException: Unable to read XML
    at org.hibernate.internal.util.xml.MappingReader.legacyReadMappingDocument(MappingReader.java:375)
    at org.hibernate.internal.util.xml.MappingReader.readMappingDocument(MappingReader.java:304)
    at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.add(Configuration.java:516)
    at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.add(Configuration.java:512)
    at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.add(Configuration.java:686)
    at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.addResource(Configuration.java:769)
    at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.parseMappingElement(Configuration.java:2255)
    at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.parseSessionFactory(Configuration.java:2227)
    at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.doConfigure(Configuration.java:2207)
    at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.doConfigure(Configuration.java:2160)
    at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.configure(Configuration.java:2075)
    at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.configure(Configuration.java:2054)
    at com.nagarro.flightSystem.util.HibernateUtil.buildSessionFactory(HibernateUtil.java:13)
    ... 4 more
Caused by: org.xml.sax.SAXParseException; lineNumber: 2; columnNumber: 61; cvc-elt.1: Cannot find the declaration of element 'hibernate-mapping'.
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.util.ErrorHandlerWrapper.createSAXParseException(ErrorHandlerWrapper.java:198)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.util.ErrorHandlerWrapper.error(ErrorHandlerWrapper.java:134)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLErrorReporter.reportError(XMLErrorReporter.java:437)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLErrorReporter.reportError(XMLErrorReporter.java:368)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLErrorReporter.reportError(XMLErrorReporter.java:325)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.xs.XMLSchemaValidator.handleStartElement(XMLSchemaValidator.java:1901)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.xs.XMLSchemaValidator.startElement(XMLSchemaValidator.java:741)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl.scanStartElement(XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl.java:376)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl$NSContentDriver.scanRootElementHook(XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl.java:602)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl$FragmentContentDriver.next(XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.java:3065)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentScannerImpl$PrologDriver.next(XMLDocumentScannerImpl.java:881)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentScannerImpl.next(XMLDocumentScannerImpl.java:607)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl.next(XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl.java:116)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.scanDocument(XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.java:489)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(XML11Configuration.java:835)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(XML11Configuration.java:764)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XMLParser.parse(XMLParser.java:123)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.AbstractSAXParser.parse(AbstractSAXParser.java:1210)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.jaxp.SAXParserImpl$JAXPSAXParser.parse(SAXParserImpl.java:568)
    at org.dom4j.io.SAXReader.read(SAXReader.java:465)
    at org.hibernate.internal.util.xml.MappingReader.legacyReadMappingDocument(MappingReader.java:325)
    ... 16 more

mapping file is
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <hibernate-mapping package="com.nagarro.flightSystem.model">
    <class name="Flight" table="flight">
    <property name="flightNo" type="string">
        <column name="flight_no" />
    </property>
    <property name="depatureLocation" type="string">
        <column name="depature_location" length="3" />
    </property>
    <property name="arrivalLocation" type="string">
        <column name="arrival_location" length="3" />
    </property>
    <property name="validTill" type="string">
        <column name="valid_till" />
    </property>
    <property name="flightTime" type="string">
        <column name="flight_time" />
    </property>
    <property name="flightDuration" type="string">
        <column name="flight_duration" />
    </property>
    <property name="fare" type="string">
        <column name="fare" />
    </property>
    <property name="seatAvailability" type="string">
        <column name="seat_availability" length="1" />
    </property>
    <property name="flightClass" type="string">
        <column name="flight_class" length="2" />
    </property>
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

package com.nagarro.flightSystem.model;

public class Flight implements Comparable<Flight> {
    /**
     * Holds a string value in flight no.
     */
    private String flightNo;
    /**
     * Holds a string value in depatureLocation.
     */
    private String depatureLocation;
    /**
     * Holds a string value in arrivalLocation.
     */
    private String arrivalLocation;
    /**
     * Holds a string value in vaildTill.
     */
    private String validTill;
    /**
     * Holds a string value in flightTime.
     */
    private String flightTime;
    /**
     * Holds a string value in flightDuration.
     */
    private String flightDuration;
    /**
     * Holds a string value in fare.
     */
    private String fare;
    /**
     * Holds a string value in seatAvailability.
     */
    private String seatAvailability;
    /**
     * Holds a string value in flightClass.
     */
    private String flightClass;

    /**
     * Instantiates a new flight.
     */
    public Flight() {

    }

    /**
     * Instantiates a new flight.
     *
     * @param flightNo the flight no
     */
    public Flight(String flightNo) {
        this.flightNo = flightNo;
    }

    /**
     * Gets the flight no.
     *
     * @return the flight no
     */
    public String getFlightNo() {
        return flightNo;
    }

    /**
     * Sets the flight no.
     *
     * @param flightNo
     *            the new flight no
     */
    public void setFlightNo(String flightNo) {
        this.flightNo = flightNo;
    }

    /**
     * Gets the depature location.
     *
     * @return the depature location
     */
    public String getDepatureLocation() {
        return depatureLocation;
    }

    /**
     * Sets the depature location.
     *
     * @param depatureLocation
     *            the new depature location
     */
    public void setDepatureLocation(String depatureLocation) {
        this.depatureLocation = depatureLocation;
    }

    /**
     * Gets the arrible location.
     *
     * @return the arrible location
     */
    public String getArribleLocation() {
        return arrivalLocation;
    }

    /**
     * Sets the arrible location.
     *
     * @param arrivalLocation
     *            the new arrible location
     */
    public void setArribleLocation(String arrivalLocation) {
        this.arrivalLocation = arrivalLocation;
    }

    /**
     * Gets the valid till.
     *
     * @return the valid till
     */
    public String getValidTill() {
        return validTill;
    }

    /**
     * Sets the valid till.
     *
     * @param validTill
     *            the new valid till
     */
    public void setValidTill(String validTill) {
        this.validTill = validTill;
    }

    /**
     * Gets the flight time.
     *
     * @return the flight time
     */
    public String getFlightTime() {
        return flightTime;
    }

    /**
     * Sets the flight time.
     *
     * @param flightTime
     *            the new flight time
     */
    public void setFlightTime(String flightTime) {
        this.flightTime = flightTime;
    }

    /**
     * Gets the flight duration.
     *
     * @return the flight duration
     */
    public String getFlightDuration() {
        return flightDuration;
    }

    /**
     * Sets the flight duration.
     *
     * @param flightDuration
     *            the new flight duration
     */
    public void setFlightDuration(String flightDuration) {
        this.flightDuration = flightDuration;
    }

    /**
     * Gets the fare.
     *
     * @return the fare
     */
    public String getFare() {
        return fare;
    }

    /**
     * Sets the fare.
     *
     * @param fare
     *            the new fare
     */
    public void setFare(String fare) {
        this.fare = fare;
    }

    /**
     * Gets the seat availability.
     *
     * @return the seat availability
     */
    public String getSeatAvailability() {
        return seatAvailability;
    }

    /**
     * Sets the seat availability.
     *
     * @param seatAvailability
     *            the new seat availability
     */
    public void setSeatAvailability(String seatAvailability) {
        this.seatAvailability = seatAvailability;
    }

    /**
     * Gets the flight class.
     *
     * @return the flight class
     */
    public String getFlightClass() {
        return flightClass;
    }

    /**
     * Sets the flight class.
     *
     * @param flightClass
     *            the new flight class
     */
    public void setFlightClass(String flightClass) {
        this.flightClass = flightClass;
    }

@Override
    public int compareTo(Flight flightObject) {
        return (this.fare).compareTo(flightObject.fare);
    }

}

    Session session = HibernateUtil.getSessionFactory().openSession();
    Transaction tx = null;
    try{
        tx = session.beginTransaction();
        session.save(flightObject);
        tx.commit();
    }catch (HibernateException e) {
        if(tx!=null){
            tx.rollback();
        }
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    finally{
        session.close();
    }

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


"On April 15 a rally was organised by BJP in which party's leader Mukhtar Abbas Naqvi referred to Samajwadi party leader Azam Khan as Mogambo. This is a statement that can cause animosity and is also a violation of the model code of conduct," Magistrate Gupta said in his complaint. The speech was made at Shahbaad Ram Leela ground in Rampur on Monday and the FIR was registered on late night on the same day.


Added by fixeria 4 months ago. Updated 20 days ago.
Please see the core dump and logs attached.
Core was generated by `/usr/bin/osmo-msc -c /etc/osmocom/osmo-msc.cfg'.
Program terminated with signal SIGABRT, Aborted.
51    ../sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/raise.c: No such file or directory.
Ping? I think we can close this one now.


text:
Mother in vaccination fight loses primary custody of son
(KMVT)
Published: Oct. 12, 2017 at 8:20 AM EDT
The Michigan mother sent to jail after refusing to comply with a court order to vaccinate her 9-year old son has more legal woes. Rebecca Bredow lost primary custody of the boy Wednesday. She will now split custody 50/50 with the child's father James Horne.
Before Bredow went to jail, she had primary custody. She was released from the Oakland County jail early Monday. She thought she would be reunited with her son, but he remained with his father. While she was in jail, Horne was granted temporary custody of their son, and the boy received four immunizations Monday.
A referee assigned to the custody case decided the boy's father should have joint custody. Judge Karen McDonald who sent Bredow to jail for not complying with her order, agreed, and approved the referee's recommendation.
The mother left mediation Wednesday devastated. "Today was supposed to be a review on vaccinations," Bredow said. "I wasn't expecting to lose primary custody today of my son. I feel a bit spun around and in shock expecting him to come home today and I'm a little upset."
Horne wanted his son to be vaccinated. Bredow says she and her ex agreed at one time to have the vaccinations, but her views on the issue has since changed. She says the vaccinations go against her religious beliefs.
Bredow also said being locked up in the Oakland County jail for five days was the worst experience of her life. "The conditions in Oakland County Jail, they're awful," Bredow said."You know, it was the worst five day of my life pretty much, you know, except for the fact that I just found out he was vaccinated and I'm not getting him back today, you know? To top that off -- it's been a rough few days."
Bredow was sentenced to seven days but was credited one day of service after serving five days, and was released on the morning of her sixth day.
Horne has had visitation with his son every other weekend and on Wednesdays, but now the two parents are to split custody 50/50. Bredow's attorney says she is devastated by the ruling and will appeal.
Parents killed while traveling to son's basketball game
It's not ghosts or whale songs - Why I-496 sounds haunted
Meridian Township police seeks woman wanted on felony warrant
Authorities seek 17-year-old Michigan girl believed to be lured away from family
One hospitalized after Holt townhome complex fire
Lansing man transferred to Sparrow Hospital following Ohio Turnpike pileup
East Lansing floral shop gearing up for Valentine's Day
East Lansing floral shop gearing up for Valentine's Day
Woody says early spring on the way for Michigan


text:
News article created on 13 November 2017
More volunteers needed to help improve wildlife habitats on Welsh canals
We're appealing for more volunteers to help care for the Montgomery and Llangollen canals and protect vital wildlife habitats in mid Wales.
Montgomery Canal shade reduction, Guilsfield Arm
An enthusiastic group of volunteers meets every Friday to carry out a range of tasks from vegetation clearance and Himalayan Balsam 'bashing' to hedge-laying, lock gate painting and towpath maintenance but would like more members.
A recent project has involved shade reduction and vegetation removal on the disused Guilsfield Arm of the Montgomery Canal, which runs for more than two miles from Burgedin towards the village of Guilsfield. This is one of 10 key nature sites across the country which is getting extra help under the 'Making Special Places for Nature' project, funded by players of the People's Postcode Lottery.
Other volunteers have recently 'adopted' a stretch of canal at Wern. Our specialist ecologists have worked with them to develop a management plan to improve local wildlife habitats and waterside locations for visitors.
Linda Butterworth, our project officer for Making Special Places for Nature, said: "The group is amazing and they do some fantastic work improving the canals in mid Wales, but they would like others to come and join them to make an even greater impact.
"The volunteers have recently supported a big project on the Guilsfield Arm to remove overgrown trees from the canalbank, which reduces shading and allows aquatic plants and animals, like water voles and shrews, to flourish. Much of our work is about encouraging biodiversity and creating healthy waterways which can provide a home for a wide range of flora and fauna."
We would love to hear from people who would like to get involved in improving wildlife habitats by water. If you have a few hours to spare and would like to contribute to this vital work, please contact local volunteer coordinator Jason Watts. Email: Jason.watts@canalrivertrust.org.uk.
Make a difference in your area
In our offices or on the towpath, volunteers help us with all aspects of our work to bring canals and rivers to life. Find a role that suits you today
Our appeal for volunteers in 2022
Anderton Boat Lift hosts behind-the-scenes public open weekend
We're investigating the cause of fish deaths on the Aire & Calder Navigation
New lock gates set to be lifted into Newark Town Lock as part of major winter maintenance project
See allNews & Views


A Valentine's Day treat from 12-year-old homeschooler, Angelica!
Strawberries + Chocolate = Valentine Smoothies!
These smoothies are easy, sweet and colorful! Adding small chocolate hearts only make them cuter, don't ya think?
Use frozen fruit instead of ice to boost the nutritional value, thicken the smoothie naturally and avoid using sugar.
Place all ingredients in blender (except chocolate). Blend until smooth.
Place chocolate chips in a microwave-safe bowl.
Microwave in 30-second intervals until chocolate is melted.
Use spoon to make hearts on parchment paper.
Refrigerate until ready to garnish your smoothie.
Angelica is a 12-year-old homeschooler with dreams of becoming a pastry chef.


good point clare...i suppose i'll need to invest in a bar fridge if i want the cream, though.
oh, and i have awesome coffee shipped from the south (ha HA to the guy who said i'd be nabob'in it by xmas), but it's a communal pot; i don't want it to go to people who can't tell the difference between a nice medium roast and tim horton's. is that selfish?
Well, I pondered that very question, when I thought I was actually going to have a real job again. In the end I decided I'd get another Technivorm. And brew my coffee in it. No point in ruining bird habitat just to satisfy co-workers. See which co-workers don't mind getting good coffee and start an alternate coffee group.