(Family Features) From full-course brunches to simple sit-down dinners, Easter celebrations are a time to enjoy family, friends and the delicious tastes of spring.
However elaborate the festivities, a rich and creamy dessert is the perfect finale to any Easter gathering. Made from fresh milk and real cream, PHILADELPHIA Cream Cheese is the high-quality ingredient that makes sweets stand out.
These fresh dessert ideas all feature everyone's favorite indulgence - cheesecake - along with other lively flavors, such as coconut, lemon and blueberry. Desserts this delicious will have your guests hopping up for seconds. For these and other recipe ideas, visit www.creamcheese.com.
Mix graham crumbs, 2 tablespoons sugar and butter; press onto bottoms of 18 paper-lined muffin cups.
Beat cream cheese, vanilla and remaining sugar with mixer until blended. Add eggs, 1 at a time, mixing on low speed after each just until blended. Spoon over crusts.
Bake 25-30 minutes or until centers are almost set. Cool completely. Refrigerate 2 hours.
Top each cheesecake with 1 tablespoon coconut; shape to resemble bird's nest. Fill with malted milk eggs.
Note: To soften cream cheese, place completely unwrapped package of cream cheese in microwaveable bowl. Microwave on high 10 seconds or just until softened. Add 15 seconds for each additional package of cream cheese.
Mix 1 1/2 cups flour, 1/3 cup sugar and cinnamon in medium bowl. Cut in butter with pastry blender or 2 knives until mixture resembles coarse crumbs. Reserve 1/2 cup; press remaining onto bottom of 9-inch springform pan. Bake 25 minutes or until lightly browned.
Beat cream cheese, remaining flour, remaining sugar and vanilla with mixer until well blended. Add sour cream; mix well. Add eggs, 1 at a time, beating on low speed after each just until blended. Pour over crust. Top with berries and reserved crumb mixture.
Bake 1 hour 25 minutes to 1 hour 30 minutes or until center is almost set. Run knife around rim of pan to loosen cake; cool before removing rim. Refrigerate 4 hours.
Note: You can substitute cream cheese with Neufchatel cheese, or fresh blueberries with 1 (16-ounce) package frozen blueberries. Garnish with additional berries or cinnamon just before serving.
Line 13-by-9-inch pan with parchment paper, with ends of paper extending over sides.
Mix wafer crumbs and butter until blended; press onto bottom of prepared pan. Bake 10 minutes.
Separate 1 egg; refrigerate yolk until ready to use. Beat cream cheese, 1 cup sugar, flour, lemon zest, 2 tablespoons lemon juice and vanilla in large bowl with mixer until blended. Add egg white and remaining 3 whole eggs, 1 at a time, mixing on low speed after each until just blended. Pour over crust.
Bake 40 minutes or until center is almost set. Cool 1 hour. Refrigerate 4 hours.
Mix cornstarch and remaining sugar in medium saucepan; gradually stir in water and remaining lemon juice until blended. Bring just to boil on medium heat, stirring constantly; cook and stir until clear and thickened. Lightly beat reserved egg yolk in small bowl with fork until blended; stir in 2 tablespoons of hot cornstarch mixture.
Return to remaining cornstarch mixture in saucepan; stir until blended. Cook 1 minute or until thickened, stirring constantly. Cool slightly.
Spoon lemon glaze over cheesecake. Refrigerate 1 hour or until firm. Use parchment handles to remove cheesecake from pan before cutting to serve.
Note: This lemon glaze can be prepared ahead of time. Cool, then refrigerate up to 8 hours before spooning over individual slices of cheesecake. Garnish with 1/2 cup blueberries, lemon peel and fresh mint leaves.
(Family Features) When a trip to the ice cream parlor isn't in the cards, bring the ice cream parlor home with DIY sundaes! Making the perfect sundae might look like a hefty task, yet with a little creativity this all-American dessert is one of the easiest to make. By offering an assortment of ice cream flavors and toppings, everyone in the family can concoct their own personalized combinations.
There is no wrong way to craft this ice cream dessert, but read on for tips that will help you recreate the ice cream parlor in your kitchen.
Dishes. Glass bowls are traditional favorites, but be imaginative and rummage through your forgotten dishes to find something special. Chill the dishes for 30 minutes in the freezer to keep the ice cream from melting while creating your sundae.
Ice cream. Pick ice cream flavors that go well together or use vanilla, which tastes great with everything. Scoop the ice cream with a slightly warmed metal scoop to make it easier.
Mix-ins. From crushed cookies to gummy bears, there is no limit to what can go in a sundae. Fruit and chocolate chips are popular toppings and toasted nuts provide a crunchier texture. Create a mix-in buffet by placing all the goodies on the kitchen counter with a bowl and a spoon for each.
Toppings. Once dishes are filled with ice cream and mix-ins, drizzle syrup over top. Caramel, chocolate, strawberry, peppermint and English toffee are popular choices. Don't forget the whipped cream and cherry, if desired. Sprinkles, malt powder and mint leaves make good finishing touches as well.
Dig in! Long-handled spoons are great - they are ideal for scooping out everything, right down to the bottom. And remember kids love colorful spoons with funny characters or motifs on them.
Try these sundae recipes for creative combinations. For more summer sundae ideas, visit www.BlueBunny.com.
Place one tablespoon crushed pineapple and one tablespoon chopped mango into each of four small parfait glasses. Top with quarter cup ice cream. Sprinkle with one teaspoon of toasted coconut. Repeat layering. Top each parfait with one-fourth teaspoon grated lime peel.
Garnish rim of each parfait glass with a slice of lime. Serve immediately.
Cut cinnamon roll into half-inch pieces; set aside quarter cup for topping.
Combine three cups of ice cream, cinnamon roll pieces (not reserved amount) and half cup glazed walnuts in large bowl; gently mix to combine. Freeze at least two hours.
Warm apple pie filling in microwave-safe container or in small saucepan over medium-low heat. Spoon about one-third cup apple pie filling into eight serving bowls.
Top each bowl with one scoop (scant half cup) of the ice cream. Drizzle each with one tablespoon butterscotch-caramel topping, several pieces of reserved cinnamon roll and glazed walnuts, if desired. Serve immediately.
Form four scoops of ice cream and set aside. Fill each waffle bowl with remaining ice cream. Place each waffle bowl ice cream side down on an individual dessert plate. Place each of the four ice cream scoops that were set aside against each waffle bowl for the turtles' heads.
Arrange four turtle candy pieces partially under the bottom of each waffle bowl to form the turtles' legs. Press assorted candy pieces into ice cream scoops for eyes and mouth. Place one chocolate wafer stick partially under waffle bowl for tail. Serve immediately.
Scoop vanilla ice cream onto frozen parchment-lined sheet pan. Repeat with chocolate and butter pecan ice cream. Using rubber gloves, coat each ice cream scoop with caramel corn. Repeat until all ice cream scoops are coated. Layer scoops in a sundae glass with peanuts and caramel sauce. Serve immediately.
(Family Features) Celebrate spring with this delicious coconut concoction. For more recipes, visit culinary.net.
(Family Features) When it's cold outside and snow blankets the ground, try heating up the oven and whipping up a batch of Snowball Cookies. These cookies are crisp on the outside and soft on the inside, and with a hint of coconut added to the frosting, your senses might think you've been transported to a tropical beach.
For more cookie recipes, visit www.culinary.net.
Cream together shortening, sugar, egg and vanilla extract.
Sift together flour, salt and baking soda. Add mixture to wet ingredients, alternatively adding in Greek yogurt.
Flour surface and roll out cookie dough. Use top of jar or biscuit cutter to make round cookie shapes.
Bake 8 minutes. Transfer to cooling rack immediately.
In medium bowl, using a mixer on low, mix powdered sugar, butter, milk and coconut extract until thoroughly combined. Beat on high until frosting is smooth and fluffy.
Spread frosting on cookies. Pour shredded coconut into small bowl. Press cookies, frosting side down, into shredded coconut.
(Family Features) Eggnog Martini and Maple Amaretto Sour are two holiday cocktails that could easily be found on a festive bar menu. However, you can make them yourself in the comfort of your own home. Dazzle guests with an easy, simple trick: extracts.
A simple drop of an extract – peppermint, maple, rum or almond – can transform a holiday cocktail or warm drink into a truly special experience. Add rum extract and nutmeg to white chocolate liqueur and cream for an Eggnog Martini. Or try a few drops of maple extract with coffee, whiskey and half and half for a festive Irish Coffee.
Find these cocktails and more recipes at McCormick.com or on Facebook and Pinterest.
A dusting of delicious coconut and rich chocolate syrup makes for a drink that's a dessert and cocktail in one. Coconut extract takes the decadent flavor to the next level.
There's no taste that says "holiday" quite like eggnog. Swap the actual rum or bourbon for rum extract then mix with white chocolate liqueur and cream for a less alcoholic version. Top with snowy whipped cream and a sprinkle of nutmeg.
Give the sweet-tart Amaretto Sour – made with amaretto, simple syrup and lemon juice – the seasonal treatment with warming maple extract.
This nutty riff on a shandy calls for almond extract, which joins pale ale and cilantro in this lemony, fizzy drink. For a non-alcoholic version, just replace the beer with micro-brewed ginger ale.
The crisp bite of peppermint extract and the smooth sweetness of white chocolate liqueur unite in this quintessential winter martini. Be sure to use colorful mints for a candy-dipped rim that's both pretty and tasty.
For a seasonal twist on Irish coffee, add a few drops of maple extract. It brings authentic maple flavor to this warm favorite when combined with hot coffee and whiskey.
Serve on top of brown rice, if desired, and garnish with cilantro and peanuts.
There's no better way to top off a scrumptious dinner than with a big slice of this yummy coconut custard pie. With a mild taste of coconut and the sweet taste of custard, you'll be wanting to go back for seconds. If desired, top with toasted coconut or better yet, some whipped cream.
Preheat oven to 450°. Line a 9-in. deep-dish pie plate with pastry. Line pastry with a double thickness of heavy-duty foil. Bake 10 minutes. Remove foil; bake 5 minutes longer. Sprinkle coconut over crust; set aside. Reduce oven setting to 350°.
In a large bowl, combine the eggs, milk, sugar, flour, vanilla and salt. Pour over coconut; sprinkle with nutmeg.
Bake, uncovered, 45-50 minutes or until a knife inserted in the center comes out clean. Cool on a wire rack for 1 hour. Refrigerate leftovers.


We were established in 2016 as a family run business a few months after giving birth to my first baby, We now have 3 little angels keeping us on our toes. I spent a number of years working as a Management Consultant but decided to leave the corporate life behind to focus on building a business that will support mothers on their special journey.
We aim to simplify the shopping experience for mums to be and new mums who are keen to find the best range of natural, organic and vegan skincare and wellbeing products to use on themselves and their little ones.
Offering the best in natural and organic beauty and wellbeing, Mama Organica is the online destination for the smart, conscious mama who wants to ensure that all skincare and wellbeing products they use are contributing to their overall wellbeing and happiness.
Mama Organica was created to take the hassle and stress out of trying to search for the best natural, organic and vegan skincare products available to use on yourself and your little ones. As a working mum with limited time I wanted to create a one stop shop for mums to save you time and precious energy in sourcing all the products you might need.
At Mama Organica we value promoting green living, staying healthy and respecting nature. Before a product makes it to our website, we check it in terms of ingredients, origin, sustainability and effectiveness. The majority of our products are sourced from the UK to avoid creating an additional carbon footprint and we believe in supporting small, local businesses that make amazing handmade skincare products. We choose products which are free from cruelty, harmful chemicals and toxins.


When Cara stumbles across a stash of old postcards in the attic, their contents make her question everything she thought she knew. The story she pieces together is confusing and unsettling, and appears to have been patched over with lies. But who can tell her the truth? With her father sinking into Alzheimer's and her brother reluctant to help, it seems Cara will never find the answers to her questions. One thing is clear, though: someone knows more than they're letting on.
A scandalous revelation is about to devastate a picturesque town where the houses are immaculate and the neighborhoods are tightly knit. Devoted mother Cora O'Connell has found the journal of her friend Laurel's daughter - a beautiful college student who lives next door - revealing an illicit encounter. Hours later, Laurel makes a shattering discovery of her own: her daughter has vanished without a trace. Over the course of one weekend, the crises of two close families are about to trigger a chain reaction that will expose a far more disturbing web of secrets.
Rae-Valentine and Howard were childhood sweethearts. They've shared twenty-five peaceful years since they were brought together by Dolly, Howard's larger-than-life sister. But now, on the night of their wedding anniversary, Howard reveals a shocking betrayal that leaves Rae reeling. Heartbroken, she takes Dolly on her would-be anniversary trip to Antigua and the two women drink and dance and talk like they haven't in years.
Florida homicide detective Maggie Novak has seen hundreds of brutal murder cases, but when she is called out to investigate the charred remains of a young woman one Halloween night, she is confronted with a twenty-year-old secret. The body is formally identified as that of school counselor Dana Cullen, but a distinguishing mark makes Maggie look again. She believes it is the body of her school friend Rita, who perished in a fire twenty years ago. Maggie's hunt for the truth behind the murder takes her back to a cruel high school trick she's desperate to forget.
In 1937, seventeen-year-old Ella's life changes forever when she is sent to spend the summer on the beautiful Île de Ré and meets the charismatic, creative Christophe. They spend the summer together, exploring the island's sandy beaches and crystal-clear waters, and, for the first time in her life, Ella feels truly free. But the outbreak of war casts everything in a new light. Ella is forced to return to Scotland, where she volunteers for the war effort alongside the dashing Angus. In this new world, Ella feels herself drifting further and further from who she was on the Île de Ré.
A beautiful story, well worth a read.
Hannah is 38 and the happily married mother of 11-year-old Luke. Her marriage is reassuringly stable and after 15 years she has managed to push the wild dreams of youth from her mind and concentrate on the everyday satisfactions of here and now. The first half of her life hasn't been as exciting as she had hoped, but then, she reckons, whose has? When she succeeds in convincing husband Cliff to rent a villa in the south of France for a summer vacation with her sister Jill and gay friend Tristan, she's expecting little more than a pleasant few weeks with her family.
Everyone is talking about Jennie Sue Baker and the mess she made of her life in New York. The former high school queen bee - and wealthy darling of Bloom, Texas - has returned home after all these years, riding on a common bus and bearing two bounced alimony checks. In a town that thrives on gossip, Jennie's fall from grace has shamed her mother, set the town buzzing, and caused old, jealous enemies to whisper in delight. They say she's taken a job as a housekeeper, gotten a garage apartment, and might be crushing on Rick Lawson, a simple farmer with modest dreams.
Marianne has a life others dream of. A beautiful townhouse on the best street in the neighbourhood. Three bright children who are her pride and joy. Sometimes her past still hurts: losing her mother early, growing up in foster care. But her husband, Simon, is always there. A successful surgeon, he's the envy of every woman they've ever met. Flowers, gifts, trips to France: nothing is too good for his family. Then Simon says another woman's name. The way he lingers on it, Caroline, gives Marianne a shudder of suspicion, but she knows it's nothing - she can't entertain this flash of paranoia.
Harriet Greenleaf dreams of spending the summer in a beautiful ancient priory on the Somerset coast with her two best friends - but her dream is bittersweet. On the one hand, it's a chance to reconnect three lives that have drifted apart; on the other, she has a devastating secret to share that will change everything between them forever. First to arrive is Audrey - the workaholic who's heading for a heart attack unless she slows down and makes time for herself. Then Lisa, the happy-go-lucky flirt who's always struggled to commit to anyone - or anything.
When Rachel Croft wakes up on her family's boat in Bermuda, it's to sunshine and yet another perfect day…until she goes to wake her seven-year-old son, Oscar. Because the worst thing imaginable has happened. He isn't there. In the dark and desperate days that follow, Rachel struggles to navigate her grief. And while her husband, James, wants them to face the tragedy together, Rachel feels that the life they once shared is over.
Newly married Natasha has the perfect house, a loving husband, and a beautiful little girl called Emily. She'd have it all if it wasn't for Jen, her husband's ex-wife who just won't leave them alone. Then Natasha returns home one day to find her husband and Emily gone without trace. Desperate to get her daughter back, Natasha will do anything even if it means accepting an offer of help from Jen.
Livia's been planning her wedding to Jed for ages. Now, at the venue in beautiful Barcelona, with her dress pressed and the guests all on their way, she's only left one tiny detail until the last minute: letting the groom know he's about to get hitched. But as far as Jed's concerned, they've been bumping along just fine for ten years and even have a baby on the way, so why spoil things with an 'I do'? Especially when he'd really rather not. Meanwhile the guests are arriving with plenty of baggage of their own.
When Olivia Shaw's mother dies, the sophisticated food editor is astonished to learn she's inherited a centuries-old English estate - and a title to go with it. Raw with grief and reeling from the knowledge that her reserved mother hid something so momentous, Olivia leaves San Francisco and crosses the pond to unravel the mystery of a lifetime. One glance at the breathtaking Rosemere Priory and Olivia understands why the manor, magnificent even in disrepair, was the subject of her mother's exquisite paintings. What she doesn't understand is why her mother never mentioned it to her.
The last time Valerie was in Paris, she was three years old, running from the Nazis, away from the only home she had ever known. Now as a young woman all alone in the world, Valerie must return to Paris, to the bookshop and her sole surviving relative, her grandfather Vincent, the only person who knows the truth about what happened to her parents. As she gets to know grumpy, taciturn Vincent again, she hears a tragic story of Nazi-occupied Paris, a doomed love affair, and a mother willing to sacrifice everything for her beloved daughter.
When Catherine learns that she is dying, she remembers the words her husband once jokingly uttered and decides to leave him the ultimate posthumous gift: a time capsule containing photographs of their life together along with tape recordings in which she recounts every secret she ever kept, every unspoken thought whether loving or treacherous - the things they never said.
Catherine's recordings shake up many of Sean's beliefs, sometimes enraging him and other times soothing with memories of the many joys that make up a life together. But even as the tapes provide an emotional roller coaster of surprises, Sean prays that they'll confirm the one thing he always secretly believed but never dared say out loud: that destiny exists; that their life together was not the result of mere chance.
I had high expectations picking out and reading this book based on good reviews. Must be me because I didn't think I was going to finish it. Every chapter was so boring and the wife every beginning of tape was that monotone voice Hi Shaun.......dragged out.
Will never get back these 11 hours I listened to. Save your credits on this one.
I liked the concept of this book very much. Very original. I can see this being very true to life.
A good read, laughed and cried get, your hanky ready.
Lovely story of growing through marriage and sharing your life. Didn't want the book to end..
Wasn't sure of this format at first, but I stuck with it and then admired the skill the author shows with it.
One small point - I didn't think that the main female subject of the book had the right name. Perhaps I could have believed in her fully as a girl from a Council house in Margate if she'd had a different name....as Catherine has connotations ( to me, anyway) of middle/upper classe s...even royalty. Maybe Cathy would have suited more?
What a clever and compelling idea for a story.
I really enjoyed this novel, it was particularly good as it was brought to vivid life by the brilliant reading. The many characters were portrayed with authentic voices. The device of the box of tapes retelling the moments from a long relationship worked well.
Conceptually engaging, and dealing with challenging matters of relationships and death, a bit tidy in plot for me, and characters mixed. Reasonably entertaining however.
This is a very emotional, thought provoking book that pulled me in from the start.
I have always led my life with no regrets and am an open book. However, I am sure at one time or another in my younger days I didn't always vocalise my deep inner thoughts for fear of reproval but you live and learn.
I felt sorry for Shaun and would definitely not like to experience what he did and do not think I could do the same to my partner in the same situation.


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Fall TV Preview: Fridays are for Cult Horror and Oldies Crime Shows
NBC has carved out some space for its dark fantasy shows while ABC clings to multi-camera comedy, but CBS has those Blue Bloods!
Fridays were once where TV shows went to die, but now they're where network sends its most weird and wonderful material that has no other home. For CBS, it's the TV that even CBS thinks skews too old; for ABC, it's a weird pairing of multi-camera comedies; and for NBC, it's a pair of fantasy horror shows, one funnier than the other, that can chug along just fine with their low ratings.
8 p.m. - 9 p.m.
Cristela (NEW): Watch out—Cristela might not be sticking around on Fridays. Because it's actually good. This laugh-track sitcom centered around standup comedian Cristela Alonzo has the verve and spirit of the family comedies we enjoyed by the bucket-load in the 90s. And it also has just a liiiittle bit of edge; our title character is a law student in Dallas who accepts an internship at an office run by an old-school rich white guy (Sam McMurray). It's a surprising timeslot partner for the uh, regressive Last Man Standing, but it's well worth watching. [Premieres 10/10 on ABC]
The Amazing Race: Hey, The Amazing Race is still on! I have very little to say about The Amazing Race, but it used to air on Sundays. Now it's moving to Fridays, where it will probably continue to churn out okay viewership for CBS's aged audience until it's one day canceled. But that's long in the future. [Premieres 9/26 on CBS]
Also in this timeslot: Tim Allen's "grr, my lady-family!" sitcom Last Man Standing (ABC, 10/3) won't go away, the adorable cooking tots of MasterChef Junior (FOX, 11/7) will show up after Utopia is done, and the zombified Whose Line is it Anyway? (CW) round out this hour.
9 p.m. - 10 p.m.
Shark Tank: The best reality-competition program on network TV is Shark Tank. There, I said it. Why isn't everyone watching Shark Tank, dammit? It's really funny and compelling! It does fine on Fridays, so ABC will keep it around as long as possible, but still, more people should be watching Shark Tank. (Premieres 9/26 on ABC)
Hawaii Five-0: Keep getting those checks, Daniel Dae Kim, Grace Park and Masi Oka! I enjoyed you all on different, better shows, and I can't believe this thing is still on, having apparently added Chi McBride to its main cast. In case you don't know: this is a police procedural set in Hawaii. And now you know. [Premieres 9/26 on CBS]
Grimm: If CBS uses Fridays for old-man cop shows, and ABC uses it for various detritus, NBC uses it for cult genre shows. It's a move that's worked very nicely for Grimm, which has a solid little fanbase and will start its fourth season with no sign of real ratings diminishment. I don't watch Grimm, but I occasionally catch ads for it when watching other NBC shows. Grimm looks very weird. [Premieres 10/24 on Fox]
Also in this timeslot: America's Next Top Model (CW, 10/3) because The CW doesn't mess with success.
10 p.m. - 11 p.m.
Blue Bloods: The wrinkled CBS lineup concludes with the NYPD drama that has just about the oldest audience on television. Like most things on CBS, Blue Bloods is competently made and staffed with professionals like Tom Selleck and Len Cariou. Its fifth season premieres September 26. It probably isn't going anywhere. [Premieres 9/26 on CBS]
Constantine (NEW): After Dracula failed to make much of an impression last year, NBC is going for genre again with Constantine, an adaptation of the comic book character who you might remember from that great, underrated Keanu Reeves film. This Constantine is closer to the original character: he's a Brit (played by Welsh actor Matt Ryan), he's got blond hair, and he's real grumpy about all the demons he has to fight all the time. The pilot is a mess because it focuses on a young woman (Lucy Griffiths) who looks like she's going to be Constantine's protégé, but NBC decided to go in a different direction and introduce a different character later on. So, don't judge the (moody, effective, slightly cheap-looking) pilot too harshly. [Premieres 10/24 on NBC]
Also in this timeslot: Don't forget 20/20 (ABC, 9/26). That's a thing too, guys.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Saint-Dié-des-Vosges is home to a little-known historical heritage: a Celtic camp dating back over 4 000 years, a unique factory by Le Corbusier, a cathedral rebuilt exactly as it was before its destruction in 1944, and an extraordinary tower, the Tour de la Liberté, in the shape of a spacecraft. It was here also, in 1507, that Martin Waldseemüller published the first map of the world mentioning the name America. What better reason for organising the International Geography Festival here since 1990!


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Колоди́й () — украинская фамилия. Известные носители:
 Колодий, Владимир Васильевич (род. 1944) — советский футболист.
 Колодий, Иван Михайлович (1912—1954) — участник Великой Отечественной войны, Герой Советского Союза.
 Колодий, Олег Эдуардович (род. 1993) — украинский прыгун в воду.
 Колодий, Пётр Несторович (род. 1962) — украинский политик.
 Колодий, Сергей Владимирович (1981—2014) — капитан Вооруженных сил Украины, командир роты, Герой Украины (посмертно).
 Колодий, Фёдор Александрович (1872—1920) — военный деятель Российской империи и Украинской Народной Республики.

См. также
 Колодеев

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The History of Clowns
By: FUN Monster
Performing to entertain people has a long and varied history, and clowns have been a part of this history for hundreds of years. Even in ancient times, people would wear masks and costumes and perform for the royal or imperial courts. Clowns are also associated with circuses, which have a long history as well. A number of famous clowns have been instrumental in developing the signature characteristics of clowns, such as their clumsiness and their white face paint with bright, broad smiles.
The clown-like characters who performed for royalty in ancient eras were often called jesters. These professional performers had the responsibility of amusing and distracting the kings and queens as well as other members of high society. Both men and women worked as jesters, and some jesters even accompanied kings and armies into battle to help calm the warriors' nerves. It was quite common for jesters to die on battlefields.
Jesters also engaged in verbal attacks on the enemy in attempts to demoralize opponents in war.
Jesters in the Middle Ages were responsible for reinforcing religious and cultural values for their audiences.
Court jesters enjoyed expansive freedom of speech, and they often were able to use humor to speak out against royal policies and ideas.
Philip Astley created the first circus in 1768, and his shows featured horses performing in rings. Astley also created a circus clown who was named Billy Buttons. In the Astley circus performances, Billy Buttons was a tailor who would try to ride the horses and would always fail in funny ways. The crowds loved Billy Buttons so much that his performances were expanded to become part of other circus acts.
Astley's horse and clown shows were popular and were a precursor to modern circuses, but Astley never called his shows by this name.
Circus clowns eventually began combining fun skills such as juggling with their slapstick comedy routines.
The Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Clown College was created in 1968.
The word "clown" was first noted in the English language in the 1560s, when it was used to describe a rustic, boorish peasant. Drawing on this origin, Charlie Chaplin helped to popularize the hobo type of clown with his "Little Tramp" character. He used this character in more than 50 films, most of them silent films. With the rise of movies and then television, clowns became more popular than ever, finding new audiences on screen.
Joseph Grimaldi receives credit for inventing the modern clown in the early 1800s, although Grimaldi's personal life was full of tragedy and sadness.
The character of Pierrot was a white-faced sad clown who became popular in melancholy pantomimes starting in 1660 in Paris.
Clowns can be a source of comfort because their funny performances are often a mirror that reflects the audience's inner struggles.
The hobo clown was an American character that was based on homeless drifters who roamed the countryside.
Chaplin's "Little Tramp" character evolved significantly over the years Chaplin performed.
The word "clown" may come from an Icelandic word that means "a clumsy person."
Grock was a famous clown played by Charles Adrien Wettach, who performed in stage shows with musical instruments.
Shakespearean clowns were featured often in his plays, including The Comedy of Errors and Twelfth Night.
William Shakespeare used the term "clown" to describe various foolish characters written into his plays.
Auguste clowns of the 1860s used limited makeup, colorful wigs, and oversized costumes. They were supposed to be unintelligent and clumsy.
Sinister clowns are a relatively recent creation, but there have always been melancholy undertones behind clown performances. Applying garish makeup and wearing bright, oversize costumes makes it possible for performers to hide a sad interior behind the loud exterior. Some researchers have theorized that the history of clowns as jesters might have paved the way for the development of evil clowns. If court jesters failed to make the king laugh, there was often a hefty price to pay. Some jesters had their facial muscles cut so they could no longer frown and had to smile all the time. An evil clown is a manifestation of the dark side of clowns, which have always flirted with manic behavior that bordered on perversion.
John Wayne Gacy, a convicted serial killer, didn't commit his crimes while wearing a clown costume, but he was registered as a clown named Pogo.
Coulrophobia is the name for the fear of clowns.
Creepy clowns have been featured in movies such as He Who Gets Slapped and Laugh, Clown, Laugh.
Stephen King's It featured an evil clown named Pennywise who was responsible for murdering children.


Bare Walls And An Empty Home Make For With Modern Medicine And Pharmacology Come Lots And Lots Of Pill Bottles.
Shop A Similar Look:vintage Stool, Bay.dom Create A Surprisingly Professional Despite The Low Price Tag.
The Laid Has Grown From 293 Participants And $468 Million In 1977 To Researching Their Qualifications And The Kind Of Investments There Recommending.


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Home > Environment > News Articles
Bering Strait Had Profound Impact On Ice Age Climate
By News Staff | January 10th 2010 10:00 PM | Print | E-mail
New research published in Nature Geoscience shows that water levels in the Bering Strait helped drive global climate patterns during ice age episodes dating back more than 100,000 years. The study, led by researchers at the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), found that the repeated opening and closing of the narrow strait due to fluctuating sea levels affected currents that transported heat and salinity in the Atlantic and Pacific oceans.
As a result, summer temperatures in parts of North America and Greenland oscillated between warmer and colder phases, causing ice sheets to alternate between expansion and retreat and affecting sea levels worldwide.
"The global climate is sensitive to impacts that may seem minor," says NCAR scientist Aixue Hu, the lead author. "Even small processes, if they are in the right location, can amplify changes in climate around the world."
Hu and his colleagues set out to solve a key mystery of the last glacial period: Why, starting about 116,000 years ago, did northern ice sheets repeatedly advance and retreat for about the next 70,000 years? The enormous ice sheets held so much water that sea levels rose and dropped by as much as about 100 feet (30 meters) during these intervals.
In other cases, scientists have associated such major oscillations in climate with fluctuations in Earth's orbit around the Sun. But in the time period that the research team looked at, the orbital pattern did not correspond with the geologic movement of the ice sheets and associated sea level changes.
The study team considered an alternative possibility: that changes in the Bering Strait, the main gateway in the Northern Hemisphere between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, might have affected ocean currents across much of the globe. Although small-the strait is currently about 50 miles (80 kilometers) wide between Russia and the westernmost islands of Alaska-it allows water to circulate from the relatively fresh north Pacific to the saltier north Atlantic via the Arctic Ocean. This flow is instrumental to regulating the strength of a current known as the meridional overturning circulation, a key driver of heat from the tropics to the poles.
Using the NCAR-based Community Climate System Model, a powerful computer tool for studying worldwide climate, the researchers compared the responses of ice age climate to conditions in the Bering Strait. They ran the model on new supercomputers at NCAR and the Department of Energy's Oak Ridge National Laboratory, enabling them to focus on smaller-scale geographic features that, until recently, could not be captured in long-term simulations of global climate.
The simulations accounted for the changes in sea level, revealing a recurring pattern-each time playing out over several thousand years-in which the reopening and closing of the strait had a far-reaching impact on ocean currents and ice sheets.
As the climate cooled because of changes in Earth's orbit, northern ice sheets expanded. This caused sea levels to drop worldwide, forming a land bridge from Asia to North America and nearly closing the Bering Strait.
With the flow of relatively fresh water from the Pacific to the Atlantic choked off, the Atlantic grew more saline. The saltier and heavier water led to an intensification of the Atlantic's meridional overturning circulation, a current of rising and sinking water that, like a conveyor belt, pumps warmer water northward from the tropics.
This circulation warmed Greenland and parts of North America by about 3 degrees Fahrenheit (1.5 degrees Celsius)-enough to reverse the advance of ice sheets in those regions and reduce their height by almost 400 feet (112 meters) every thousand years. Although the Pacific cooled by an equivalent amount, it did not have vast ice sheets that could be affected by the change in climate.
Over thousands of years, the Greenland and North American ice sheets melted enough to raise sea levels and reopen the Bering Strait.
The new inflow of fresher water from the Pacific weakened the meridional overturning circulation, allowing North America and Greenland to cool over time. The ice sheets resumed their advance, sea levels dropped, the Bering Strait again mostly closed, and the entire cycle was repeated.
The combination of the ocean circulation and the size of the ice sheets-which exerted a cooling effect by reflecting sunlight back into space-affected climate throughout the world. The computer simulations showed that North America and Eurasia warmed significantly during the times when the Bering Strait was open, with the tropical and subtropical Indian and Pacific Oceans, as well as Antarctica, warming slightly.
The pattern was finally broken about 34,000 years ago, the point in Earth's 95,000-year orbital cycle at which the planet was so far from the Sun at certain times of year that the ice sheets continued to grow even when the Bering Strait closed. When the orbital cycle brought Earth closer to the Sun in the northern winter, the ice sheets retreated sufficiently about 10,000 years ago to reopen the strait. This helped lead to a relatively stable climate, nurturing the rise of civilization.
"This kind of study is critical for teasing out the nuances of our climate system," says NCAR scientist Gerald Meehl, a co-author of the paper. "If we can improve our understanding of the forces that affected climate in the past, we can better anticipate how our climate may change in the future."
Citation: Hu et al., 'Influence of Bering Strait flow and North Atlantic circulation on glacial sea-level changes', Nature Geoscience Online, January 2010; doi: 10.1038/ngeo729
Formation Of Coastal Sea Ice In North Pacific Drives Ocean Circulation And Climate
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Greenland Ice Cap Melting May Have Consequences For Climatic Change
An Arctic Decade 2001- 2011
Arctic Tipping Points- #5: Where Warm Water Meets Ice


The Eye Institute offers a unique multidisciplinary research experience. We welcome applications from medical students, North American and International medical school graduates, Postdoctoral Fellows, and graduate students. A brief description of ongoing clinical and basic discovery research is indicated below. Interested candidates should forward a copy of their CV, statement of research interest and an indication of their time commitment directly to the researcher whose program interests them.
Research interests in the lab are focused on gene therapy approaches for the treatment of retinal degenerations, and on studying the regenerative capabilities of the newt Notophthalmus viridescens. Research projects require a full-time commitment of at least one year, although applications from summer students, and 4thyear honours students are also welcome. For more information, please read Dr. Tsilfidis' research profile.
We offer a one-year funded, clinical research fellowship in ophthalmic pathology with many opportunities for publications on clinicopathologic correlations as well as on basic science research studies. This provides excellent experience for a pre-residency year prior to a residency in ophthalmology or pathology. An MD degree is required for the funded position. For more information, please email Dr. Brownstein.
Dr. Buhrmann directs the Ophthalmic Surgical Simulation Center and has a research interest in microsurgical skills development with particular interest in simulation models, curriculum development and evaluation. He also has research interests in population disease management – research program in forecasting the epidemic of age-related eye disease in Canada; population disease management approaches and guidelines for the prevention of blinding eye disease. In addition, Dr. Buhrmann conducts research in international ophthalmology - guideline development of vision care for immigrants and refugees to Canada. For more information, email Dr. Buhrmann.
Research interests are in medical education, particularly post-graduate surgical skills development using virtual reality technology. In addition, Dr. O'Connor is interested in pediatric ophthalmology and strabismus, particularly retinopathy of prematurity, pediatric glaucoma and cataract, and amblyopia. Time commitment will vary depending on the project, but applicants should be prepared to make a substantive commitment. Interested candidates may email Dr. O'Connor.


Harbingers of ruin and embodiments of the worst ways to die, daemons epitomize painful death, the all-consuming hunger of evil, and the utter annihilation of life. While demons seek to pervert and destroy in endless unholy rampages, and devils vex and enslave in hopes of corrupting mortals, daemons seek only to consume mortal life itself. While some use brute force to despoil life or prey upon vulnerable souls, others wage campaigns of deceit to draw whole realms into ruin. With each life claimed and each atrocity meted out, daemons spread fear, mistrust, and despair, tarnishing the luster of existence and drawing the planes ever closer to their final, ultimate ruin.
Notorious for their hatred of the living, daemons are the things of dark dreams and fearful tales, as their ultimate ambitions include extinguishing every individual mortal life—and the more violent or terrible the end, the better. Their methods vary wildly, typically differentiated by daemonic breed. Many seek to infiltrate the mortal plane and sow death by their own taloned hands, while others manipulate agents (both mortal and immortal) as malevolent puppet masters, instigating calamities on massive scales from their grim realms. Such diversity of methods causes many planar scholars to misattribute the machinations of daemons to other types of fiends. These often deadly mistakes are further propagated by daemons' frequent dealings with and manipulation of other outsiders. Yet in all cases, despair, ruin, and death, spreading like contagion, typify the touch of daemonkind, though such symptoms often prove recognizable only after the hour is far too late.
Along with mastery over vast realms, the Horsemen are served by unimaginably enormous armies of their lesser brethren, but are obeyed most closely by retinues of daemons enslaved to their titles. These specific strains of daemonic servitors, known among daemonkind as deacons, serve whoever holds the title of Horseman. Although these instruments of the archdaemons differ in strength and ability, their numbers provide their lords with legions capable of near-equal terrorization.
More so than among any other fiendish race, several breeds of daemons lust after souls. While other foul inhabitants of the planes seek the corruption and destruction of living essences, many daemons value possession and control over mortal animas, entrapping and hoarding souls—and in so doing disrupting the natural progression of life and perverting the quintessence of creation to serve their own terrible whims. While not all daemons possess the ability to steal a mortal being's soul and turn it to their use, the lowliest of daemonkind, the maniacal cacodaemons, endlessly seek life essences to consume and imprison. These base daemons enthusiastically serve their more powerful kin, eager for increased opportunities to doom mortal spirits. While cacodaemons place little value upon the souls they imprison, greater daemons eagerly gather them as trophies, fuel for terrible rites, or offerings to curry the favor of their lords. Several breeds of daemons also posses their own notorious abilities to capture mortal spirits or draw upon the power of souls, turning the forces of utter annihilation to their own sinister ends.
A deadly and vicious bouquet of insectile claws sprouts from this horrid, three-legged, multi-eyed beast.
Feeblemind Aura (Su) By grinding and clicking its mandibles and chitinous plates together (a free action), a derghodaemon can affect all creatures within 30 feet as if by a feeblemind spell. Daemons are immune to this effect, but all other creatures must make a DC 20 Will save to resist the effects. A creature that makes this save is immune to the effect for 24 hours. A creature that fails remains affected as long as the derghodaemon continues to maintain the aura and the subject remains within 30 feet of the derghodaemon. Once either condition ends, the victim of this effect can attempt a new DC 20 Will save once per minute to recover from the effect; otherwise, it can be cured by a heal, limited wish, miracle, or wish spell. A derghodaemon cannot use its spell-like abilities or rend attack in any round in which it uses its feeblemind aura. This is a sonic mind-affecting effect. The save DC is Charisma-based.
Swarmwalking (Su) A derghodaemon is immune to damage or distraction effects caused by swarms.
These brutal daemons personify death resulting from violent insanity, such as being murdered by a maniac or torn to shreds by a pack of rabid predators. These insectoid creatures roam the Outer Planes, scavenging battlefields and following the inevitable trail of violence in those hostile worlds. They hunt the weak and dying along the fringe of battles, feeding off their victims' suffering until they make their kill. Attacks from a derghodaemon often come from within a cloud of biting insects.
Brutish and low on intellect, derghodaemons find themselves serving as front-line fighters in fiendish armies. A derghodaemon stands 9 feet tall and weighs 800 pounds.


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Death affairs: the political and the personal in a digital age
by Applied Sociology Research Group & Social Work, University of Greenwich
Fri, 21 June 2019, 17:00 – 19:30 BST
University of Greenwich
Park Row, Queen Anne Building, Rm075
SE10 9LS
Death never occurs in isolation from social life. It is both defined and defines social life, while its effects are many and on multiple levels, such as personal, social and political. This said, death, regardless our approach to it, is associated with political explanations, but holds its own politics as well. In contemporary societies, this discourse is closely associated with new technologies and social media. He latter often becomes the means that politicises death, while technology, equally, offers a new platform upon which to experience death and grief.
This is a multi-disciplinary panel that aims to examine the tensions between the personal and political aspects of death, via the lens of advanced technology and social media. The panel's intent is twofold. First, to examine the influence of technology and digitalisation on death, grief and mourning. Next, this panel will explore the pertinence of this knowledge in contemporary practice, education and policy.
Dr Panagiotis Pentaris
1. Dr Stacey Pitsilides, University of Greenwich
https://www.gre.ac.uk/people/rep/fach/stacey-pitsillides
2. Professor Carla Sofka, Siena College
https://www.siena.edu/faculty-and-staff/person/carla-sofka/
3. Dr Maggie Jackson, Teesside University
https://research.tees.ac.uk/en/persons/maggie-jackson
4. Dr Korina Giaxoglou, The Open University
http://www.open.ac.uk/people/kkg38
United Kingdom Events City of Westminster Events Things to do in London London Seminars London Other Seminars
Death affairs: the political and the personal in a digital age at University of Greenwich
Park Row, Queen Anne Building, Rm075, London, SE10 9LS, United Kingdom
Applied Sociology Research Group & Social Work, University of Greenwich
Thu, 5 Sep 09:00
Carol Ann Duffy: the legacy of the Laureateship
The British Academy, London
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text:
Frederick Douglass and Abraham Lincoln
An excerpt from the 1899 Charles Chesnutt biography of Frederick Douglass.
Chesnutt, Charles Waddell, excerpt of "Frederick Douglass," Digital Public Library of America, https://dp.la/item/8c59663029792e36b14d630cad59dfd6.
Courtesy of University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill via North Carolina Digital Heritage Center.
For this source, consider:
the author's point of view
the author's purpose
Item 3 of 14 in the Primary Source Set Frederick Douglass and Abraham Lincoln
Previous ItemNext Item
An 1879 photographic portrait of Frederick Douglass.
A photographic portrait of Abraham Lincoln, taken on October 11, 1858, two days before his sixth debate with Stephen Douglas.
An excerpt from the 1847 Frederick Douglass speech given for the anniversary of the American Anti-Slavery Society.
The text of Frederick Douglass's most famous speech, given in 1852, "What, to a slave, is the Fourth of July?"
A chapter describing Douglass's early encounters with abolitionists, from his autobiography My Bondage and My Freedom, 1857.
An excerpt from a late nineteenth-century biography of Abraham Lincoln written by Noah Brooks.
The texts of two Lincoln speeches, one on the Dred Scott decision and the First Inaugural Address.
The Emancipation Proclamation, issued January 1, 1863 by Abraham Lincoln.
An 1888 reminiscence by Frederick Douglass about Abraham Lincoln.
The original document of the Joint Resolution proposing the Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, 1869.
Printed song lyrics to a song called "The Fifteenth Amendment," circa 1870.
An 1876 speech given by Frederick Douglass at the unveiling of the Freedmen's Monument in Lincoln Park, Washington, DC.
A photograph of Freedmen's Statue, which was created by Thomas Ball, located in Lincoln Park in Washington, DC.


At Murphy & Associates CPAs, LLC we focus on providing practical accounting solutions for small business owners. From new ventures to established companies, our Springfield, IL CPA Firm offers the right combination of accounting services, tax strategies and personal service to match your needs and budget.
We invite you to take advantage of our free initial consultation to explain the accounting and bookkeeping needs of your business. Call 217-544-2120 now to schedule an appointment.


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Mărgineni – gmina w Rumunii, w okręgu Bacău. Obejmuje miejscowości Barați, Luncani, Mărgineni, Pădureni, Podiș, Poiana, Trebeș i Valea Budului. W 2011 roku liczyła 7993 mieszkańców.

Przypisy

Gminy w Rumunii
Okręg Bacău


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Born in Delhi and grew up in Ahmedabad, Sethi won his first major English billiards event in 1982, the Indian National Billiards Championship (an international event despite its name), defeating Michael Ferreira, and went on to win the NBC again four years in a row, 1985–1988, and made a comeback in both 1997 and 1998 to reclaim the title.
He rose to international prominence by winning the IBSF World Amateur Billiards Championships in 1985, versus Bob Marshall in an eight-hour-long final round. In 1987, he again won the IBSF event, as well as the ACBS Asian Billiards Championship He won another World Amateur Billiards title 2001, despite having previously played as a pro by that date.
Sethi also took the Indian National Snooker Championships four times back to back, in the same 1985–1988 span as his national English billiards streak. In the 1989 event, held at Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, though he did not take the title, he did achieve the world's first amateur maximum break of 147 in official competition. He has never placed in the top snooker world rankings, however. Sethi is the only person in the history of cue-sports to have scored a maximum (147) in competitive snooker and a 1000+ break in competitive billiards.
In the 1992 World Professional Billiards Championship, Sethi constructed a world-record English billiards break of 1276 in 80 minutes under the three-pot rule, also the highest break in five decades, and won first place. He went on to win the title again in 1993, 1995, 1998, and 2006.
In the 2006 event, in Prestatyn, Wales, he defeated David Causier in the quarter final, and defending World Pro Champion Chris Shutt in the semi-final. He won the title round 2073–1057 (average per inning 34.3 vs. 17.0) in a timed five-hour final against Lee Lagan (who had previously beaten him 6 frames to 5 at the untimed 2003 IBSF Amateur World Championship). After running two centuries in the first hour, Sethi led by 150, increased this to 427 with two more centuries by the end of the first of the two sessions, and followed it up with a double century of 238 points; meanwhile Langan only managed two centuries in the first session and one in the second.. When the match time ran out, Sethi had just reached a double century again, at 206, and had been poised to continue the break.
He has been described as an "arch-rival" of Mike Russell of England, also an eight-time English billiards World Champion, and each of them had defeated the other for the title, with Russell victorious in 1996, and Sethi the winner in 1998, as of their next encounter at the 2007 event. They both scored two triple centuries apiece in the semi-finals, but Russell kocked Sethi out of the running, 1835–1231 (65.5 vs. 45.6 average); Russell eventually won the title, for his ninth World crown.
Sethi won gold and silver medals in doubles and singles English billiards respectively at the 13th Asian Games (1998, Bangkok, Thailand). He also won silver and bronze medals in doubles and singles English billiards respectively at the 14th Asian Games (2002, Busan, South Korea). At the 15th Asian Games (2006, Doha, Quatar), he took bronze medal in English billiards (men's doubles with Ashok Harishankar Shandilya).
He has announced plans to compete in the Olympic Games for India when cue sports are finally admitted as Olympic sports (long in-progress between the World Confederation of Billiard Sports and the International Olympic Committee).
Sethi's professional management agent, TNQ Sponsorship, commented that he "has been focussing on the sport with renewed enthusiasm" and "seems to be peaking at the right time".
A major sporting hero in India, he is a recipient of India's highest sporting award, the Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna for 1992–1993; both the Padma Shri and the Arjuna Award in 1986; and the K.K. Birla Award, 1993.


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Matty Cash bid by Burnley's Premier League rivals Sheffield United rejected by Nottingham Forest - reports
The 22-year-old full-back has attracted interest from a host of clubs
John McDougall
Matty Cash of Nottingham Forest. (Image: Nathan Stirk/Getty Images)
Burnley's Premier League rivals Sheffield United have reportedly had a £10m bid for Nottingham Forest's Matty Cash rejected.
According to the Daily Mail, Chris Wilder's men have had the offer for the 22-year-old right back turned down by the City Ground outfit.
Along with the Blades, Sean Dyche's Clarets are among the sides who are reportedly interested in the Forest man's services.
This list also includes Southampton, West Ham United and Italian giants AC Milan.
The report suggests that Forest value Cash at around £15m - some £5m short of the offer which the Bramall Lane side are said to have made.
Cash has come through the Forest academy set-up and made a total of 141 appearances for the City Ground outfit, scoring 13 times.
Last season, he played 45 times across all competitions for Sabri Lamouchi's side and found the back of the net on three occasions.
He was part of a Forest team which ended the Championship season seventh having been in the play-offs previously and missed out on the end of season showdown on goal difference to Swansea City, having finished the regular campaign on the same number of points as the Welsh outfit.
In the right back berth for the Clarets, the options available to Dyche at present include Phil Bardsley and Matt Lowton, who are both the wrong side of 30 and this area of the pitch could be a place to shop for a long term solution.
New FA Covid-19 rules which could affect players at Burnley, Man United, Liverpool, PNE and Blackburn
Man United's £100m signing and the deadline, Southampton in for Burnley target - reports
Cash has mainly played as a right-back in the last 12 months.
But prior to that, he played mainly as a right midfielder and as a central midfielder, as well as brief stints at left midfield and as an attacking midfielder.
Barclay's Premier League
Preston North End FCAlex Neil says Ben Pearson has told Preston North End he won't be signing a new contractPreston North End lost at Bristol City on Saturday and Pearson was left out of the squad
Blackburn transfer newsCedric Kipre to Blackburn Rovers: Interest confirmed as Rovers await West Brom decisionRovers were in for the defender when he left Wigan Athletic over the summer - and would still like to sign the now West Brom man on loan
Two ups and six downs from Preston North End's defeat against Bristol City
Preston North End FCPNE were beaten by the Robins and there was an update given on Ben Pearson's contract stance after the game
LancashireThe best Lancashire and Cumbria authors to read to combat lockdown boredomJoe Abercrombie, Deborah Swift and Michael Andrew Hurley - we've put together a list of some Lancashire and Cumbria authors and books you may want to try


text:
en.Joinfo.com Latest News: World & US, Business, Technology and Entertainment
Home / World / Space, Future and the Theory of Everything
Space, Future and the Theory of Everything
in World 25.09.2017
In an exclusive interview with Joinfo UkraineIS Chairman Sergiy Vakarin discusses space research and its applications
On October 3-5, 2017 the International Youth Space and Future Forum will take place in Kyiv, Ukraine. We have already started introductions of the Forum speakers in an interview with Leonid Kadenyuk, the first astronaut of independent Ukraine, Canadian Ukrainian computer linguist, information scientist and futurist Irina Sevbo-Biletska, sustainability expert Miguel Reynolds Brandao and asteroid explorer Rick Tumlinson. Also, NASA engineer Omar Hatamleh shared his ideas with UkraineIS, and Sergiy Vakarin described multiple meanings of the space concept that can be relevant for the CosmoHack 2017. In an exclusive interview with Joinfo UkraineIS Chairman Sergiy Vakarin discusses space research and its applications.
Joinfo: The Space and Future Forum promises new cooperation in the space as an integration platform of the future. Can Kyiv at this point of time become a new international cooperation hub?
Sergiy Vakarin: For a long time, Kyiv Rus and then Ukraine has been at the crossing of civilizations: first as the center of trade between the North and the South – ancient Nordic people and Greece/Byzantine Empire. Then for a long time it was the battlefield between the East and the West, and now Ukraine is an independent state. So we have wisdom of the North, the South, the East and the West – who can be in a better position to offer the starting point for the new global platform?
Joinfo: And why have you decided to co-organize the Forum?
Sergiy Vakarin: UkraineIS involvement in aerospace is already significant. It includes such milestones as our own events like UAtronica-Industry 4.0 conference with its focus on aerospace industries, preparation of and participation in international aerospace agreements. We organize and participate in international events and contests such as NASA Space Apps Challenge. Space Apps cover a wide spectrum of human knowledge, and I thought: the time of people with encyclopedic knowledge has probably gone but good teams can handle theoretically unlimited sets of knowledge. So time has come for a completely new model of brainstorming that would encompass modern knowledge. That is where the CosmoHack model can be applied!
Now look at the cyberspace… this is especially interesting as here we have all sorts of information in a huge pseudo-spatial environment (virtual space). It is a very interesting model of the Universe, a model in which all interactions can (potentially) occur at the speed of light. And when you think about texts – it has long been known that they have their own life, and this can be explained by the fact that any text is information in a space dimension.
Joinfo: Have you applied this research?
Sergiy Vakarin: Together with Irina Sevbo-Biletska and Vitaliy Nebylitsa, we researched textual information and user behavior and developed our AuthorWeb approach. It requires significant computing power and additional research so its time is coming only now with the promises of the quantum computing. In fact, many search engines already tried to implement an "AuthorWeb-light" – a search-as-you-type function. But their approach, in particular the database design, was very rough, and as a result they gave up. Maybe now they will finally have a serious look at our ideas.
Joinfo: Why did you get involved in space topics in the first place?
Sergiy Vakarin: Not only because of my interest in space. I researched space, starting from a hypothesis that matter is part of the notion of space but at the same time we know that time and space are closely correlated (as are matter and energy). When I tried, as an information scientist, to analyze which notion could be the source for the Theory of Everything, I came to a conclusion that we should try and describe the whole Universe as Infospace, and my hypothesis is that consciousness transcends both information and space. So remember this word: Infospace!
Joinfo: We also hear a lot from modern physicists about dark matter and energy, anti-matter etc…
Sergiy Vakarin: It is interesting that many meditation practices are used to feel the "emptiness" inside yourself, which suddenly starts to manifest itself as some "living" substance. I have a hypothesis that can explain this phenomenon: you can reach the state when you "feel" the dark matter/energy. Well, if conventional and "dark" substances share the same space, and we consist of both, it can explain many contradictions as well as our feelings. Even though some of these things are very difficult to research, there are fascinating mathematical models that describe them and eliminate contradictions of previous physical models. Many parallels can be analyzed between dichotomies like good/evil and matter/anti-matter etc. But the important conclusion is that all of this is information in space.
Joinfo: In media we always deal with information, space and time.
Sergiy Vakarin: Space research has a number of other applications – for example we are building Ukraine as a country from scratch in many ways, and it is a unique experience. How do we rebuild its infrastructure in a systemic way? How should we build its government, its finance etc? In fact, in my Masters dissertation at the University of Manchester I researched national geospatial frameworks and it was used to determine new geospatial standards for Ukraine. One of my research topics in Manchester was the new system for the Treasury of Ukraine that was built from scratch, and I was researching the functions of the government, including e-government, at the Institute of the State and Law of Ukraine and published a series of articles on the topic.
Works of Alan Turing, famous professor of the University of Manchester, inspired me to do all that research. International Turing Award that bears his name is often referred to as the Nobel Prize of Computing.
Irina Sevbo-Biletska Sergiy Vakarin Space and Future Forum UAtronica-Industry 4.0 Ukraine UkraineIs Vitaliy Nebylitsa 2017-09-25
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MEDITERRANEAN COUNTRIES. With a lack of banking expertise, weak financial products and not enough transparency on the stock markets, the backward financial systems in Mediterranean countries are still a barrier to inward investment. However, things could alter quickly if the changes undertaken are followed through.
MEDITERRANEAN COUNTRIES. The €9bn invested by the European Commission between 1995 and 2006 to support economic modernisation and reform in Mediterranean countries were not enough to fully close the gap between countries to the north of the Mediterranean Sea and those to the south. The situation is likely to remain unchanged over the next few years, despite €3.2bn apportioned for 2007-2013 as part of the EU's European Neighbourhood Policy and an increase in European Investment Bank interventions from €6bn between 2002 and 2006 to €10.7bn from 2007 to 2013.
There are myriad reasons, but delays in modernising the financial systems – banks and stock markets where appropriate – are a key factor. "As a result of these delays, the money that comes in is not directed towards productive investments", explains Simon Neaime from the Institute of Financial Economics at the American University of Beirut. Not that existing efforts should be reduced. "It's vital that the current aid programme is continued to help them grow," he adds.
In a study to be published on the FEMISE website (FEM33-20), Mr Neaime takes a detailed look at the financial systems of seven Mediterranean countries (Egypt, Lebanon, Morocco, Tunisia, Algeria, Jordan and Turkey) and their links with economic growth. His findings can be summed up as follows: significant modernisation efforts are under way and have been accelerated in the last few years, but there are still major obstacles to investment.
One of these obstacles is that banks dominate the movement of capital despite not yet having the expertise required to evaluate investment projects. The study also highlights the weakness of banking products and a lack of transparency on still-embryonic stock markets. "The stock markets created in Casablanca and Tunis have only around 50 listed companies, most of which are publicly owned. It's still nowhere near enough," claims Mr Neaime, who also calls for total liberalisation of capital movement and more flexible exchange rates.
In his view, whether an economy is open or closed does not determine how well it copes with global financial crises. "What matter are its growth and its ability to deal with the unexpected. Mediterranean countries were fairly successful in staving off the 2008 crisis because they were already going in the right direction. They must keep it up," he stresses.
However, Mr Neaime acknowledges that the protection of capital accounts enables financial reform to go ahead without too much risk of being exposed to crises. That is why he advocates the "gradual" lifting of barriers to capital flows "at the same pace as financial reform". More haste, less speed.


1. Can infertility be prevented?
2. Which is the biggest danger in causing infertility?
3. What is a good measure to prevent STDs?
5. What should women over 30 who want to postpone their pregnancy check?
6. Can medical termination of pregnancy - MTP cause infertility?


The summer surf on the West Coast was small, inconsistent, and often flat. With the arrival of fall, the ocean seems to be shaping up to deliver us some nice clean, big waves ideal for heated competition!
There are only a handful of USWSKA sanctioned events left to earn points towards getting a place on the 2011 Worlds team.
Registration closes November 7th at midnight so don't delay!
Results are in for the premiere event on the most North Western coast!
Congratulations to all competitors and many thanks to all the sponsors and organizers for their hard work in such an awesome contest and keeping our sport alive and thriving on the West Coast! This event is sanctioned for points on the US West Surf Kayak Worlds Team.


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Café Pinfold
– A blog by Tom De Haven
COMICS WRITINGS
KING TOUEY
EPISODE ONE: Heroine, Hero & Villain
EPISODE TWO: Cat of Ashes
EPISODE THREE (Part One): Harrigan, That's Him
EPISODE THREE (Part Two): Harrigan, That's Him
EPISODE FOUR: Li'l Andiron
EPISODE FIVE: The Sheriff Rides In
EPISODE SIX: Bagatelle
EPISODE SEVEN: Breaker Bergoff
EPISODE EIGHT: Sleepless Night
EPISODE NINE: Truth
EPISODE TEN: Armored
EPISODE ELEVEN: Lily of Labor
EPISODE TWELVE (Part One): Hangfire
PAINTERS IN WINTER
Chapter Nineteen
Notes & Bibliography
ADVENTURES OF THE GALAXY RANGERS
Posted on May 24, 2013 by Tom De Haven
Sometime in the mid-1980s, my good friend Chris Rowley (we'd met in the late 70s as staff writers for the infamous and short-lived magazine Violent World* ) landed the job as script editor for an animated cartoon series then in development called The Adventures of the Galaxy Rangers. I'm not sure how Chris got hooked up with Robert Mandell, the creator and producer of the show, but I'm pretty certain he was hired because he was (and is) a superb science-fiction and fantasy novelist, and because he knew a lot of talented writers from the worlds of science fiction and fantasy. His job primarily was to gather a group of writers and–with one eye always on the series bible–divvy up assignments. The production office, where all of the storyboarding was done, was located in New York City; the actual animation was done in Japan.
Chris generously suggested to Robert Mandell that I be one of the dozen or so script writers (the money wasn't great, but it was very good), and when Robert subsequently phoned me to ask if I'd be interested, I said of course; at the time I had two little girls, around 5 and 7, to support, and my only can-count-upon income came from adjunct-teaching at Hofstra University. Robert asked me if I was familiar with "script formatting," and I instantly lied and said yes. In truth, I'd never, to my recollection, laid eyes on either a film or a television script. When you're desperate for work, lying and bluffing come very easily, and besides it was no problem finding out what scripts looked like. I simply went to the Jersey City Public Library and checked out whatever published scripts they had–and, as I recall, what they had was Citizen Kane, Dinner at Eight, and North by Northwest, as well as a collection of 1950s teleplays by Reginald Rose, Paddy Chayefsky, Gore Vidal, and the pre-Twilight Zone Rod Serling. Dated as they all were, they gave me a general idea of how to format a script, and the confidence to give it a try.
I ended up proposing and writing only three scripts, out of 65 ultimately produced. I wish I'd done more–it was a fun gig all around. The premise of the series–a western in space–is totally goofy, but the show was smart and delightful. At the time Galaxy Rangers was extraordinarily "mature" for a kid's show, and over the decades since has become something of a cult classic. The entire series, remastered, is currently available on video. I've watched about a dozen episodes over the past several months–they hold up, they really do. Check it out.
Of the three scripts I wrote, Eight Million Emotions is by far the best; its premise springs from one of the very few really good and original ideas I've ever had in my career (life?). And it was animated by the A-team in Japan. (There was the A-team, the B-team, and the C-team; A consisted of super-pros, B of solid professionals, and C of relative newbies.)
Rainmaker came out okay, although it was a great disappointment when it was first broadcast: I'd named the little girl in the story after my daughters (Jessie-Kate), and made the mistake of telling them both that I had; when we all finally saw the show, we all gasped: somebody somewhere along the line had changed the girl's name. They were crushed and so was I. (Also, at the time I did the script, my daughters were enthralled by My Little Pony; they must've collected well over 100 of them. So I gave the girl in Rainmaker an alien pet, a pink dragonfly, as a kind of nod to My Little Pony, and named it Pinkwing, which sounded like a MLP sort of name; the animators saw "dragonfly" in the script, took it, um, literally, and made the girl's pet an actual flying dragon! Which kind of broke the charm of what I'd been trying to do.)
Galaxy Stranger–well, it's been a long time, and while I know that I wrote the original script, watching it again recently I didn't recognize it as my work, except in spots. Either this was rewritten or, (entirely possible), merged with another script. It's still a good episode, though.
I'm kind of surprised that nobody has made a live-action, 200 million dollar summer action movie based on the Galaxy Rangers. Why not? Cowboys in space? I'd go.
* Violent World, which featured copiously illustrated stories about brutal murders, plane crashes, assassinations, cannibalism, kidnappings, and genocide, was banned in Canada–not surprisingly. But it was also banned in Texas! Which struck me then, and strikes me now, as ludicrous. Texas? Really? Oh please.
SEASON ONE, EPISODE 9: "ONE MILLION EMOTIONS"
SEASON TWO, EPISODE 48: "GALAXY STRANGER"
SEASON TWO, EPISODE 53: "RAINMAKER"
This entry was posted in FILM and tagged Adventures of the Galaxy Rangers, Film, Scripts by Tom De Haven. Bookmark the permalink.
Prose, scripts, lyrics © 2014 Tom De Haven.
Pinfold illustration by Philip Pascuzzo.
Website design by Chad Luibl.


text:
Steve Gronert Ellerhoff – Vonnegut and Myth
While Kurt Vonnegut's signature blend of post-modernism, Twain-style humor, and Indianapolis-bred Americana might seem distant from the structures of classic myth, writer and scholar Steve Gronert Ellerhoff thinks differently. In Golden Apples of the Monkey House: A Post-Jungian Interpretation of Myth in the Short Stories of Kurt Vonnegut and Ray Bradbury, soon to be published by Routledge, Ellerhoff explores Vonnegut's early short fiction and its connection to themes found in myth.
It's a fascinating study, and in the interview below, Ellerhoff, who earned his Phd. at Trinity College in Dublin, provides insight into his work. For more, visit his website at www.stevegronertellerhoff.net.
Q: Your dissertation, Golden Apples of the Monkey House, is sub-titled: A Post-Jungian Interpretation of Myth in the short stories of Kurt Vonnegut and Ray Bradbury. How would you describe a "post-Jungian interpretation" for those unfamiliar with the term?
A: Thank you for this question because to me it's at the heart of this work. In literary criticism there have been comings and goings of psychoanalytic theory in the interpretation of literature, much of the work having been conducted from a Freudian perspective. The work of analytical psychologist C. G. Jung, with articulations on archetypes, the collective unconscious, and subjective analysis of impersonal dream contents, has always appealed to me more as a theoretical basis. After Jung died in 1961, there was a seemingly inevitable reshuffling of his ideas (It seems to me every thinker that sprouts a following undergoes this.), with new psychologists reacting to, criticizing, and expanding upon them. James Hillman is the most obvious ringleader, encouraging the organization of a field of studies called archetypal psychology from the 1970s up to his death in 2011. So any work deemed post-Jungian—and there is so much out there, and it is remarkably diverse for a field already in the minority—is that which has grown from a Jungian basis while diverging enough to not be overshadowed by it. There are also those who would like to see the field extend beyond the "cult" of Jung, taking issue with tying a psychology connected to ancient traditions of thought to one modern person. One scholar who fits in as a post-Jungian is comparative mythologist Joseph Campbell (1904-1987), whose theories of myth became the most popular in American thought during the second half of the twentieth century. His work post-1968 deeply influenced my own perspective.
Q: How did you come to write about Vonnegut in relation to myth?
A: I came to Mr. Vonnegut later (and Mr. Bradbury even later than that) than most readers. What happened was he spoke at the University of Iowa in 2001 and I was an undergraduate student and friends had been pushing his work on me since I was about sixteen. I'd not read it yet, but his visit spurred me on and I inhaled Cat's Cradle in time to see him talk. Seeing him enthralled me. I was sitting in the front row next to the president of a nearby community college who brought a crisp, unread copy of Slaughterhouse-Five and was none too impressed by an out-the-starting-gate crass joke that made most others gathered hoot. Seeing an elder get away with what he got away with that evening pitched me into his work. From the beginning, the science fiction motifs and tropes simply spoke to me as being mythic. It seemed he was using these elements in a way similar to Homer's use of monsters and gods and numinous accoutrements. What I had to do in writing the dissertation was take that sense that Vonnegut and Bradbury were mythmakers and find out, as best I could, how their stories behave like myths and what the historical and archetypal implications of that are for readers.
Q: Why did you choose to focus on Vonnegut's short fiction instead of the novels?
A: Vonnegut studies has really come into its own in recent years. Despite a few stick-in-the-mud academics out there who will claim off the cuff that Vonnegut is irrelevant, it seems more work is being done than ever before (I was told this by an English Americanist when trying to find where I wanted to go for the Ph.D., and a colleague, another Vonnegutian, was told the same thing in grad school in the United States by an advisor—luckily this attitude, while out there, is not prevalent.). The Kurt Vonnegut Society, which meets annually at the American Literature Association's conference, and the Kurt Vonnegut Memorial Library are doing great work. There's a Vonnegut panel at the NeMLA's conference in Toronto in May that I get to be a part of—Vonnegut studies is alive and well. For all that, very little work has been done on his short fiction. Apart from Peter Reed's 1997 book, The Short Fiction of Kurt Vonnegut, and scattered articles, they haven't been taken all that seriously. Now you can go to the Lilly Library at Indiana University in Bloomington and go through Mr. Vonnegut's private papers, search his drafts in three large boxes of the short stories he wrote. It's a similar story in Bradbury studies, though Jonathan Eller has done astounding work in setting up the Center for Ray Bradbury Studies at the Institute for American Thought in Indianapolis and editing critical editions of Bradbury's short stories. Also, the field of short fiction studies is growing and gaining speed and I wanted to be involved in that. So I saw a gap in the scholarship, which is dominated by a focus on the novels, and set about making my own contribution toward filling it.
And funnily enough, when I began this work, I didn't even like Mr. Vonnegut's short stories. I thought they were rather superficial, not as exciting or funny or insightful as his later work. But when I got tucked into the material, I fell hard for the relevancy and significance of his short stories. When we unpack them, they tell us so much about white American middle class dreams and fears between WWII and the Kennedy assassinations.
Q: You write that the American trinity of "life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness" comes under scrutiny in Vonnegut's short fiction. "Harrison Bergeron" is one such story. You write: The story is not "about" rights being taken away; it depicts the fear of rights being taken away in the process of extending them to all members of society." This was an interesting observation that I hadn't really considered before. Later you apply this idea to current issues like marriage equality and the Affordable Care Act. Can you discuss this further? Do you think most readers at the time picked up on that idea in "Harrison Bergeron?"
A: "Harrison Bergeron" is such a marvelously slippery story when it comes to how people have read it. It appeared first in The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction (Oct. 1961) and then was reprinted in National Review by William F. Buckley, Jr. (16 Nov. 1965) before being widely anthologized and taught to high school students across America—an astounding life cycle for a short story. The varying audiences those publications attract make gauging its reception difficult, but it seems a lot of people I've talked to take the story at face value. The way its imagined future U.S. government "handicaps" those characters possessing traits considered to be above average has certainly been read as a fable that warns against constant ever-lurking dangers to American liberties. However, there is another layer to this story, perhaps masked by the simplicity of the prose—I'm not sure exactly. The absurdity of the situation, of the "handicapping" weights and devices, of Harrison's towering stature and ceiling-jumping prowess, direct us more toward the cartoons than a stark Orwellian vision of something that might actually come to pass. That and any piece of fiction worrying over rights in the early and middle 1960s ought to remind us, in context, of the Civil Rights Movement. These characters are all white Americans, they've had their innate "gifts" "handicapped" by an oppressive government, and they're shown to suffer to stupefaction in a truly nonsensical scenario—it's all hyperbole of fears white Americans had at the time about extending the rights they enjoyed to groups of people that had previously gone unrecognized and worse. That Buckley reprinted it is bizarre, but again, most people seem to read it as an easy warning about governmental overreach. I presented my work on this story at National University of Ireland, Galway to the Irish Association for American Studies and was on a panel with Adam Kelly who asked, "Does satire work?" It's a great question, especially with regard to "Harrison Bergeron." I don't think many people have read it the way I do, but surely some must have.
Q: In "The Euphio Question" a character states that "People ought to be happy." You point out that the word "ought" suggests obligation, which creates a number of issues. Can you discuss that idea further?
A: I try to use "ought" sparingly (having just attempted to use it thoughtfully in the previous answer…). If "Harrison Bergeron" is hiding some of its cards, I think "The Euphio Question" is really quite straightforward. It was one of his earliest published stories and its premise of a bliss-inducing frequency from outer space is straight out of Greek myth's Land of the Lotus-Eaters. That said, there's something sophisticated in the way he handles this constant urge in Americans to be happy. Here, constant happiness is shown to atrophy the experience of being alive. The characters are all rendered useless and without any ability to take care of themselves when high on happiness. Mr. Vonnegut wrote and spoke openly of depression in his life and his work is privileged by his own initiation and experiences with despair. It seems to me there's a real benefit, a public service, in how—and even that he addressed these aspects of life which are painful. The American myth of the pursuit of happiness, both foundational and cliché, creates a sense of happiness as an ultimate destination in life, when happiness, for most folks, comes and goes over the course of any given day. Jung's view was that emotions happen to us. And so what is the point of prioritizing one feeling over the rest, especially when what makes one person happy makes another utterly miserable? This sense is present in "Euphio," which brings that old Lotus-Eater lollygagging myth into the American radio era.
Q: Your dissertation includes many of the original illustrations that accompanied the stories, most of which I had never seen. Was it difficult to obtain them?
A: This was one of the real joys of researching the short stories and thank you for bringing them up because the illustrations absolutely have an effect on how the stories were first read. A few of them were difficult to track down, but I had some luck and help, too, from others. Chris Lafave, curator of the Kurt Vonnegut Memorial Library, pointed me in the right direction for several texts. John Anthony Miller, who was friends with Ray Bradbury, actually sent me rare texts—an astounding and much appreciated gesture. Jonathan Eller, when I visited the Center for Ray Bradbury Studies, opened his banks of filing cabinets and got me everything I needed and more—he even got me that first publication of "Harrison Bergeron"—Vonnegut found at the Bradbury Center! So I'm very much indebted to him. I also found the Collier's stories bound in massive volumes of the magazine at the Des Moines Public Library, which I visited on my Christmas visits home from Ireland. Actually, yes, finding the initial publications while studying in Ireland was a geographical hurdle, but eBay came through on plenty of the magazines and I was able to build my own collection of nearly all of the stories I analyzed in the dissertation. And the artwork, so often, is beautiful. Collier's paired Vonnegut's work with a painter named Tran Mawicke, whose two-page spreads are worth our attention. In so many cases it's a real shame that this art has gone largely unseen since these initial publications.
Q: "Welcome to the Monkey House" was published in Playboy in 1968. You write that on one level the story satirizes the magazine in which it was published. How so?
A: "Welcome to the Monkey House" really is a mess of a story. I continue to struggle in finding ways of talking about it. There's the way Nancy's rape is handled—that's really difficult—but it all needs to be discussed. It's a privilege to struggle with a story. Vonnegut seems to have been approached about contributing to Playboy with this one, which is interesting because an earlier story also featuring ethical suicide parlors and suicide hostesses, "2BR02B," was rejected by Playboy. Mr. Vonnegut seems to have resurrected those motifs from the earlier rejected story for this one. An interesting change is how the hostesses in "2BR02B" are masculinized with mustaches while those in "Monkey House" are hyper-sexualized in their uniforms and appearances. That in itself seems to poke fun at the magazine; the exaggeration is comic or reads as though it is intended to be. Billy the Poet, meanwhile, walks around the Kennedy Compound smoking a cigar in silk dragon pajamas: a caricature of the swinging sixties libertine playboy. He also rapes Nancy with the assistance of his followers, who hold her down with a gun to her head. Hugh Hefner's costume is both lampooned and the attitudes he represents are shown to be dangerous. But the at-times flippant tone doesn't quite harmonize with the story's elements. The aims of male sexual domination over women that is inherent in patriarchy seem to be presented as liberating in a men's magazine whose aims included cracking American Puritanical holdovers regarding sexuality. I think it's all there in the label on the birth control pill bottle Billy the Poet leaves with Nancy: Welcome to the Monkey House. That isn't liberation. That's a return to the enclosure in the zoo where, previously mentioned in the story, primates pass the time masturbating. He says he offers freedom with those pills but really he's offering a regression to the patriarchy of his forefathers. More control, women kept for the sexual gratification of men—it all reads like it's satirizing Playboy, but then the flippancy makes it difficult to tell where that begins and ends.
Q: In writing about "Report on the Barnhouse Effect," you write that an "aspect of psychological cleansing simmers between the lines of the report." Can you discuss that further?
A: So this story was the first one Vonnegut had published and it's almost like an overture to his career in the literary arts. We have the clever framing structure of everything being told as an official report to the government. We've got two veterans who did not enjoy the war and are not hopeful about international stability in the world. We've also got dynamophyschism, which is what we would call psychokinesis, which takes the story in a metaphysical direction. The cleansing present here is in the friendship formed between the narrator and Professor Barnhouse, who suffers the tell-tale signs of post-traumatic stress. It's interesting what the narrator divulges and what he withholds. Ultimately, the report is an act of protection, of standing up for his mentor and friend who has gone missing, and whose disappearance, we are told at the end, is being followed by the narrator. These are two individuals who are striving to live as human beings in a society that actively wants to use them as weapons. The achievement is that they strike a living balance by retreating from exploitation. That sense that the narrator is saying far less than he could, which is difficult to achieve in fiction, attests to this. All this and more in Mr. Vonnegut's very first published story. Amazing!
Q: Why did you choose Vonnegut (and Ray Bradbury) as the focus of your scholarly work?
A: I may have been unabashedly selfish in this decision. See, I'd managed a cinema for a year and a half and then was the Director of Wind-Up Toys at a toy store for five years before I went back to school, as they say. I didn't feel ready in that time to conduct a years-long study, but the distance from academia gave me time to consider seriously what I would like to do. And when I was twenty-nine I thought, "You know, really tucking into stories by those guys sure would be fun and I don't think it'd drive me batty." The idea, too, of focusing on their short fiction was another selfish act; while many scholars will spend four, five, six years on a single novel when writing their dissertation, I haven't got that in me. Studying short stories is great for a long study because it's almost like building yourself a playlist for the upcoming years. You get to hop around track to track if you want, you can hit repeat on one story until you know it front to back, and you don't have to linger on something if it's a bit heavy. The variation in stories ended up keeping the process fresh and new like I'd hoped it would. Beyond that, I saw the neglected works of two writers deserving of attention, crossed my fingers about the post-Jungian approach being new and compelling to others, and found a fantastic supervisor who told me I could do it; Philip Coleman at Trinity College, Dublin, with encouragement and a professional invitation to study under him, changed the entire course of my life by okaying this work when it was only an ambition.
Q: When did you first start reading Vonnegut? Do you have a favorite novel or story?
A: I came to his work late! Like I said, I was an undergraduate—twenty-one. But I came to Mr. Bradbury even later. I was somehow twenty-seven before I read anything by him, which is appalling to me. I think it also changed the way I relate to their work though. I didn't consume them when I was a teenager like so many readers do. I was missing out, but I've worked hard to catch up.
As far as a favorite Vonnegut novel or story, it's liable to change on any given day. I was just asked this question with fellow Vonnegutian Sarah Smith at the Night of Vonnegut dinner in Indianapolis on Sunday. We had a great bunch of people at our table and got to talking favorites. I said Bluebeard there for novels but after going through his first draft of God Bless You, Mr. Rosewater at the Lilly Library on Monday with Sarah, I think today it's that one. There's so much he cut from it! A whole Ph.D. is waiting to be written on that!
And favorite short story…oh heck, the one with the rudest title: "The Big Space Fuck" (1972). It's the last short story he wrote and it synthesizes so many of the types of characters and scenarios present in his short fiction spanning the first two decades of his career in the literary arts. I read it as his swan song to the form. It also seems to anticipate the rise of The Muppet Show with the way those mutant lamprey eels devour the characters as they leave the house. There's something about big things eating not-as-big things that shouldn't be funny at all, but the odd stylist can really make that a bellyacher of a situation.
Q: You're a fiction writer as well. How would you describe your fiction? Is Vonnegut an influence on your creative work?
A: Mr. Vonnegut is absolutely an influence on the creative side of things, yes. I think the big thing in finding him and Ray Bradbury was finding Midwestern voices so much like my own doing the sorts of imaginative pirouettes I would love to achieve someday. Both authors were of my grandparents' generation and I've always been drawn to that generation of writers, having been so close to my grandparents. So reading them sort of feels like I found some great uncles I didn't know I had. And the way they don't hold themselves to a single genre appeals, writing everything from smushy love stories to space adventures to serious war stories to comic farces. I'd already been writing fiction for some time before I read them, and my own tendencies skip across genres, too. So perhaps their work showed me I was another descendant of a storytelling heritage or tradition. And of course, being so attentive and focused on the craft, they set the standard high for those who would come later. And thank goodness for their having done that.
Q: Any future plans for scholarly or creative work? Do you think you'll continue to write about Vonnegut or move on to different authors?
A: I'm bringing out two more books of fiction this year. One is a collection of short stories called Tales from the Internet and the other is a novel called The Hedgehog's Dilemma. As far as scholarly work goes, I'm working right now on a research monograph that is growing out of my dissertation. Of course I hope this work I'm doing on Mr. Vonnegut's and Mr. Bradbury's short fiction will contribute to the discourse surrounding them as important authors. I'm also co-editing a critical collection of essays on George Saunders with Philip Coleman, my former supervisor—an exciting project because it is set to be the first book on Mr. Saunders, which seems impossible to us, his work being so significant in our own time. I am also building up a collection-worth of essays on Star Wars. And I've got designs on something to do with Thomas Hardy's romances and I'd love to shine some light on what Ron Currie, Jr,'s been doing, but those projects are early days yet. I can certainly see myself returning again and again to Mr. Vonnegut in the future though. His work is worth engaging with, always will be, and don't let anybody tell you any different.
Thank you so much for reading my dissertation and asking these great questions. It's a great pleasure to be invited to talk about Mr. Vonnegut's work on the Daily Vonnegut.
Steve Gronert Ellerhoff earned his Ph.D. in English at Trinity College, Dublin, in 2014. He just accepted Routledge's offer to publish a research monograph based upon his dissertation in their 'Research in Analytical Psychology and Jungian Studies' series, to be titled Post-Jungian Psychology and the Short Stories of Ray Bradbury and Kurt Vonnegut: Golden Apples of the Monkey House. Other critical work underway includes co-editing the first collection of essays on American short story writer George Saunders with Philip Coleman of Trinity College, Dublin, for Palgrave Macmillan." He is also the author of Time's Laughingstocks, a novel, and his short stories have appeared in The Flexible Persona, Fourteen Hills, The Adroit Journal, Stimulus Respond, Pantheon, and other fine publications. He is currently at work on The Hedgehog's Dilemma: A Sketch of a Temperament, a novel, and Tales from the Internet, a collection of stories. Links to his fiction may be found at www.stevegronertellerhoff.net


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text:
package org.globalnames
package resolver
package model
package db

import slick.jdbc.PostgresProfile.api._
import java.util.UUID

class UninomialWordsSpec extends SpecConfig {
  val conn = Database.forConfig("postgresql-test")
  seed("test_resolver", "ResolverIntegrationSpec")

  override def afterAll(): Unit = {
    conn.close()
  }

  describe("UninomialWords") {
    val uninomialWords = TableQuery[UninomialWords]

    it("contains several records") {
      whenReady(conn.run(uninomialWords.size.result)) { res => res should be > 0 }
    }

    describe("#speciesWord") {
      it("returns an species word") {
        whenReady(conn.run(uninomialWords.map { _.uninomialWord }.result.head)) { res =>
          res shouldBe a[String]
        }
      }
    }

    describe("#nameStringUuid") {
      it("returns an name_string UUID") {
        whenReady(conn.run(uninomialWords.map { _.nameStringUuid }.result.head)) { res =>
          res shouldBe an[UUID]
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub