- The Echoes from the Vault blog is beginning a series on Victorian cloth bindings.
- Ever wondered about the differences between "uncut," "unopened," and "untrimmed"? Erin Blake's got you covered at The Collation.
- The fall Book History Seminar at Yale, "Inevitabilities of the Book," is coming up on 9–10 September. Looks like a great lineup.
- Mary Sarah Bilder talked to Mark Cheatham for the SHEAR blog about her book Madison's Hand.
- Jane Raisch writes for the JHIBlog on "The Hellenism of Early Print."
- A manuscript account by Granville Sharp of an important 1781 slave ship massacre has been identified in the British Library.
- The New Haven Register reports on the impending reopening of the Beinecke Library.
- The William Blake Gallery will open in October in San Francisco.
- The Bookhunter on Safari posts about publisher W.J. Adams, "the almost wholly forgotten man behind the story of Bradshaw's Railway Guides."
- Phillip Lopate writes for the American Scholar about the process and pain of selling his papers to Yale.
- From John Schulman, "An Antiquarian's Guide to the Election."
- Charlotte Howsam's dissertation on medieval book fastenings is now available via medievalists.net.
- Lauren Young writes about the "library wars of the ancient world" for Atlas Obscura.
- In the New Yorker's "Daily Shouts," feature, Janet Manley highlights "Rare Books for sale, excellent condition."
- Penguin Classics is publishing a collection of ancient Egyptian writings in English for the first time.
- Keith Houston has a short feature for the BBC, "The mysterious ancient origins of the book."
- John Dixon's The Enlightenment of Cadwallader Colden; review by Christopher Minty at The Junto.
- Forrest Leo's The Gentleman; review by Michael Dirda in the WaPo.
- Emma Smith's Shakespeare's First Folio; review by Jonathan Rose in the WSJ.
- George Eberhart writes for American Libraries about a panel at last week's IFLA congress on library theft and security.
- Brooke Palmieri has been appointed editor and Michael Russem designer of APHA's journal, Printing History. Look forward to seeing the fruits of their labors!
- A research team has confirmed that the Codex Selden, housed at the Bodleian Library, is a palimpsest, containing earlier characters beneath the 16th-century text. The before-and-after images here are pretty stunning. More.
- Wayne Wiegand has been named distinguished visiting scholar at the Library of Congress' John W. Kluge Center, to support his work on a book covering the history of American public school libraries.
- Descriptive Cataloging of Rare Materials (Manuscripts) is now available. Congratulations to all those involved!
- Fiona McDonald writes for the BBC about several long-hidden libraries.
- John Fea talks to Jonathan Yeager about Yeager's new book Jonathan Edwards and Transatlantic Print Culture.
- Forthcoming from the Book Club of California, The Noblest Roman: A History of the Centaur Types of Bruce Rogers.
- Jason Rovito has been appointed Director of Fine Books and Manuscripts at Leslie Hindman Auctioneers.
- Hannah Stahl has the latest in a series of posts about imaginary creatures in maps for the Library of Congress' Worlds Revealed blog.
- Rutgers University has received an NEH grant to digitize some 100,000 pages of New Jersey newspapers published between 1836 and 1922 and not currently available in digital form.
- Barnes & Noble CEO Ronald Boire was sacked this week, after just a year on the job.
- Atlas Obscura highlights the NYPL's new storage facility beneath Bryant Park.
- John Lancaster posts for the Houghton Library blog about an important recent acquisition (a 1485 Aquinas) and his work to find the other volume from the set.
- In the LARB, Melissa Dinsman interviews Richard Grusin about digital humanities.
- Coming soon at Penn, an exhibition and publication, Reactions: Medieval/Modern, which "explores the many and varied ways that people have reacted to, and acted upon, manuscripts from the Middle Ages up to today."
- Emily Dourish gets the "Bright Young Librarians" treatment on the Fine Books blog.
- Richard Davies posts for the AbeBooks blog offering a cautionary tale about potentially valuable copies of Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone.
- Virginia university librarians have sent a letter to the chair of the House Judiciary Committee urging caution about any potential changes to Sections 107 and 108 of the Copyright Act.
- Cameron Hunt McNabb writes for Slate on the origins of the ellipsis.
- Alexandra Walker posts for the Bodleian Library's blog about conservation work undertaken on a recent collection of Mabel Fitzgerald materials.
- Spanish facsimile publishing firm Siloe will produce 898 "exact replicas" of the Voynich manuscript, which will sell for more than £6,000 apiece. Note that Yale University Press will also be publishing a facsimile edition this year, accompanied by essays by Raymond Clemens and Deborah Harkness.
- John Fea's The Bible Cause; review by D.G. Hart in the WSJ.
- Irina Reyn's The Imperial Wife; review by Shannon Reed in the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette.
- Rebecca Rego Barry writes for the Guardian about a bird book which once belonged to the "Birdman of Alcatraz" which will go on the auction block at Christie's in September (as part of their "Out of the Ordinary" sale, which always contains some fantastic things).
- María Palacio posts for the Jesuit Libraries Provenance Project about working with an 1836 manuscript library catalog of a Jesuit seminar in Missouri.
- A new report on digitizing orphan works is now available via Harvard's DASH portal.
- At meh.com, a history of intentionally blank pages, featuring Sarah Werner, Joe Howley, and others.
- The very long legal battle over Franz Kafka's manuscripts has ended, with Israel's supreme court ruling that Max Brod's heirs must turn over the manuscripts to the National Library of Israel.
- Last week I linked to a report that a box of rare comics had been stolen from the Tampa Bay Comic Con. The Tampa Bay Times updated this week that the dealer, Rick Whitelock, received a phone call on Monday from an anonymous man saying he had accidentally packed up the box with his materials from the show and would return them, but refusing to give his name or contact information. All's well that end's well, though: on Wednesday, the box arrived.
- Tom Kiser of Vivarium Books is profiled as part of the FB&C "Bright Young Booksellers" series.
- Peter Harrington staff have chosen their favorite items from the firm's Summer Catalogue.
- Paul Dingman posts at The Collation about how the transcriptions submitted as part of the Early Modern Manuscripts Online project will be aggregated and verified.
- The Harry Ransom Center is seeking a Carl and Lily Pforzheimer Curator of Early Printed Books and Manuscripts.
- Elaine Long posts on the Shakespeare's World blog about finding references to paper used in early modern cooking.
- Nearly 400 books donated to an English village after an American plane crashed there during WWII have been removed from the village library and destroyed.
- Carols M. N. Eire's Reformations; reviewed by Michael Massing in the NYTimes.
- Winifred Gallagher's How the Post Office Shaped America; review by Emily Cataneo in the CSM.
- Richard Zacks' Chasing the Last Laugh; review by Debra Bruno in the WaPo.
- The August Rare Book Monthly is up: it includes a piece by Bruce McKinney asking several booksellers to answer the question "Looking back five and ahead five years, where have you come from, where are you now, and where will you be?" Michael Stillman also writes up the theft of William Wordsworth's prayer book from a Grasmere church.
- Anthony Tedeschi posts about Melbourne Rare Book Week at the Fine Books Blog.
- For his "Booking It" series this week, Keith Houston makes a woodcut.
- Jane Eagan of the Oxford Conservation Consortium writes about a 17th-century ream wrapper used in a binding.
- A box of rare comics has been reported missing from Tampa Bay Comic Con.
- Pradeep Sebastian profiles Simran Thadani for The Hindu.
- Caroline Duroselle-Melish explores an eighteenth-century copybook with a Don Quixote engraving (printed on heavy stock) used as the cover.
- Kevin Young has been named Director of the Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture.
- Don Skemer surveys a few of the 200+ commonplace books in Princeton's collections.
- Andrew McGill reports on the state of the Library of Congress-Twitter archive.
- Ted Underwood asks how many texts one has to examine for it to be considered "distant reading."
- Roland Arkell reports for the Antiques Trade Gazette that some of the Aristophil books and manuscripts may soon be back on the market.
- At Techdirt, Mike Masnick reports that there seem to be moves afoot at the Copyright Office to make changes to Section 108 of the Copyright Act, which exempts libraries and archives from certain provisions.
- Michael Dirda picks eleven "hidden gem" books for the summer.
- John Strausbaugh's City of Sedition; review by Sam Roberts in the NYTimes.
- Claire Harman's Charlotte Brontë; review by Trev Broughton in the TLS.
- Jennifer Schuessler reviews the Folger's new exhibition, "Will and Jane," in the NYTimes.


text:
McDonough Hall
The Sarah and Bernard Gewirz Student Center
The Eric E. Hotung International Law Center Building
Scott K. Ginsburg Sport & Fitness Center
The Edward Bennett Williams Law Library
While we are unable to welcome visitors inside Law Center buildings at this time, you can still learn more about the history and layout of the Georgetown Law campus!
The History of Georgetown Law
Georgetown University Law Center (GULC) began modestly in 1870 when the Directors of Georgetown University recommended the establishment of a separate department to train lawyers. It was the first law school established in the United States by a Jesuit institution of higher learning.
In the fall of 1870, with high expectations and tenuous financial structure, Georgetown's law school enrolled 25 students from 12 states and Cuba. The course of study required two years of evening classes. Though the law school weathered heavy financial storms and other worrisome problems common to new schools, the vision of its early leaders, the reputation of the law school's faculty members, and the record of the school's first graduates enhanced the school's reputation. In 1890, construction began on a new law school building at 506 E Street, N.W., which had the remarkable capacity of 600 students.
After 80 years in its Victorian quarters on E Street, the Law Center moved to 600 New Jersey Avenue and the original Bernard P. McDonough Hall. The Edward Bennett Williams Law Library was built in 1989. The 1993 dedication of the Bernard S. and Sarah M. Gewirz Student Center added a residential component to the campus, as well as a fitness center and child care center. The expansion of McDonough Hall, dedicated in the spring of 1997, completes the three building Law Center campus.
While once a rudimentary handful of courses embracing the barest fundamentals of legal practice, the curriculum is now as broad and diverse as any offered in the country with over 400 courses and seminars. It includes the nation's largest clinical program, as well as joint degree programs in law, business, foreign service (international relations), public health, philosophy, government, and a special program for Public Interest Law Scholars. Although the approximately 80 percent of the students study full-time for their J.D. degree, the Law Center has retained the historical evening division with its outstanding reputation for the academic strength of its students and curriculum.
Virtual Tour by GULC Student

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


A Lyft vehicle on North Michigan Avenue in Chicago on Thursday, Feb. 1, 2018. The number of vehicles involved in ride-hailing for Uber, Lyft and Via has skyrocketed in the last three years.
Lyft on Monday began displaying public transit routes and schedules in its app for some Chicago-area users.
The ride-hailing company is updating users' apps on a rolling basis to display Metra, CTA and South Shore Line routes and schedules. The move comes about six months after Lyft bought Motivate, the operator of Chicago's Divvy bike-sharing program.
Lyft wants more of its customers to use different types of transit on their daily commutes, said Caroline Samponaro, Lyft's head of bike, pedestrian and scooter policy.
Divvy's top five stations in Chicago are near public transit stations, including Metra's Ogilvie Transportation Center and the Merchandise Mart CTA stop, Samponaro said.
Chicago is the fifth city in which Lyft rolled out the new feature, called Nearby Transit. Other cities include Santa Monica, Calif.; Seattle; Washington, D.C.; and Los Angeles.
Ride-share companies like Lyft and its competitor, Uber Technologies, have been battling to own the market on short-distance ground transportation. Months before Lyft acquired Motivate, Uber bought electric-bike rental startup Jump Bikes, which had a test run on the South Side last year.
In years past, Uber and Lyft have faced criticism for cutting into public transit use in cities like Chicago. Local alderman have also considered capping the number of ride-share vehicles to alleviate congestion, a move New York made last August.
Lyft will be pulling publicly available data to incorporate the real-time public transit levels, Samponaro said. That data is not currently available in Uber's app.
Spokespeople for Metra, the South Shore Line and the CTA all said they were pleased Lyft is including the information. Getting people from the transit stations to their final destination is a challenge that needs to be addressed.


ISACA Karachi Chapter is pleased to support 2nd IT Showcase Pakistan 2016 (www.itshowcasepakistan.com) and 4th Pakistan CIO Summit 2016 (www.pakistanciosummit.com) scheduled to be held on 05-06 April, 2016 in Karachi.
The 2nd IT Showcase Pakistan helps promote the IT products and services available to our industries and corporations across Pakistan including Oil & Gas, Banking and Finance, Telecom, Energy, FMCG, Textile, Pharmaceutical, Construction, Education, Manufacturing, Automobiles, SMEs, Healthcare, Insurance, Shipping, Government and Exports. In the showcase visitors, are invited from the business to evaluate the products on display for the increased efficiencies of their organizations.
Pakistan CIO Summit aims to bring together CIOs, IT Heads, Experts, Opinion Leaders, Academia and IT solution providers under one roof to discuss the opportunities and challenges in hand. The annual gathering not only provides a platform for information dissemination but also is viewed as a forum for the key industry players to meet up and share perspectives on important industry issues.


The first place that you can look is your textbook. Consider every textbook associated with your course. Look through them and pay specific attention to the headings and subheadings. The headings and subheadings will give you a really quick review of what was contained in that area of the book. This can prove incredibly beneficial in helping you to narrow down the topic choice. If you truly enjoyed the characteristic development of Jane Austen, you might be able to find a section in your book that specifically highlighted Jane Austen under the subheading and then use that to recall all of the information that you learned about in Austin what things you found exciting. This can help you to find a topic that you are passionate about.
You can also look at what other textbooks you have reviewed in the course of your academic career. If you haven't sold all of your textbooks by now, you might be able to look at other books. Look back on the novels you had to read for your advanced rhetoric course or the interesting book that you were assigned for your African cultures class. You will be shocked to find that in many cases your curriculum can be flexible enough to suit the curriculum of another class. If you are writing it research paper in your literature course, you might be up to find a wonderful topic in the textbooks for your psychology class or your communications class. Do not limit yourself by only searching through your English textbooks.
You can also look at your library. Review the library database and see what other students are published or what other authors are currently debating today in highly academic journal articles. You might be able to find a topic that is currently being debated and take a new perspective on it for your research paper. If that doesn't work you can always turn to the Internet. The Internet is a great place to find topics, especially if you know where and how to look. By refining your search parameters to your particular grade or your course, or even your key interests, you can find a wonderful list of examples on the Internet.


Al Qassam website - Palestinian prisoner Raed Da'amsa suffered a severe heart attack in the Israeli Nafha prison, his relatives told the PIC on Saturday.
They said that the heart attack left Da'amsa's left hand and left foot paralyzed.
Da'amsa, who is serving a seven and a half years sentence, was transferred to hospital, the relatives said, adding that no other information was given to the family.
They appealed to the human rights groups and the Red Cross to inquire about his health condition and expose the Israeli practices against him.
Israeli occupation forces arrested Da'amsa on 21/5/2007, they said, adding that he was subjected to cruel interrogation rounds for six months and was deprived of sleep for long periods of time. They noted that Da'amsa was told he would only get out of prison paralyzed if he did not confess.
Da'amsa is married and has five children, four daughters and a son, who he did not see because he was born few months after his detention.


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Five Giants of the World's Leading Watch Brands Speak
By Helen Dalley
"A watch does not just tell the time; it shows who you are"
Arnaud Bastien
President and chief executive of Graff Diamonds Asia
What have been some of the most significant achievements for Graff Diamonds in 2017?
We opened our first flagship salon in Singapore's ION Orchard in early September, which represented an important milestone for the company. Our founder and chairman, Laurence Graff, made his first trip to Asia in the 1970s and the first place he visited was Singapore. This is the place where he began meeting important clients, including royalty.
For ladies' watches, we have enjoyed continued success in creating fabulous jewelled timepieces. The Snowfall collection, for example, is available in a variation of gemstones and is the first collection that's been extended to a jewellery line. Our new Spiral watch, which features an uninterrupted spiral as its design to epitomise endless love, is the new access line of Graff with a starting price point of HK$94,000.
For men's watches, the extension of the GyroGraff novelty has been a tremendous success: the GyroGraff Universe dial and the bespoke Japan Mount Fuji, Hong Kong and Shanghai skyline dials have all been very well received.
Which timepiece have you worn most this year and what makes it so unique?
The GraffStar Slim Eclipse is an elegant dress watch of understated luxury. It's very light, being made of titanium and features an iconic Graff faceted dial.
What do you expect to be your largest markets in 2018?
While China will keep dominating the luxury market, we also foresee positive growth in southeast Asia.
What do you anticipate as the dominant trends for the luxury watch market next year regarding materials, design and features?
The use of rare and refined materials with state-of-the-art mechanics.
How much of an impact have smartphones had on your business in the past 12 months and do you foresee any revolution in the mechanical watch business in response?
Smart watch brands are targeting those who are loyal followers of the latest gadgets. But when it comes to a proper watch, clients are still looking for a design, a brand, a timepiece that is timeless and a representation of their status and sophistication.
Are there any specific releases aimed at the youth market for 2018?
We have two commercial watches that target young professionals. The Eclipse for men – a watch that I wear daily – and the Graff Spiral diamond watch
for ladies.
What factors ensure a watch retains its popularity over the years?
Reliability and accuracy, complemented by a timeless and elegant design.
Swiss brands continued to report growth in sales across China and Hong Kong at the 2017 Hong Kong Watch and Clock Fair. How much of a pivotal role will Hong Kong play for the brand in the future?
Hong Kong will remain a very special place for the watch industry. Its status as a duty-free port is vital to the success of the luxury market.
What are you most excited about for 2018?
We've recently acquired the second largest diamond rough in history, at 1,109 carats, and I'm very excited to see the creations from this fabulous rough.
What's your opinion on the new "Swiss made" 60 percent rule, and how do you think it might impact the industry?
The mechanics and technical aspects of Graff watches are made in Switzerland, whereas the diamond settings are completed in our high jewellery workshop in London. This rule does not affect us at all as we uphold a high standard in our production line.
What defines a watch for you?
Smart watches are fun, but I consider them a gadget. A watch does not just tell the time; it shows who you are. A simple yet elegant design that's true to the brand aesthetic is the key to a successful timepiece.
Jerome Biard, CEO of Corum
"We will continue to focus on what we know. The only 'bridge' we are concerned with is the Golden Bridge"
Jérôme Biard
CEO of Corum
What will be your focus for Corum in 2018 and beyond?
First of all, I'll be listening to major players involved in Corum – staff, clients, suppliers, press – and second, I'll be working out what the brand's priorities are and how to implement them. Ultimately, my focus will be "less is more".
What were some of the standout moments for Corum in the last year?
This year has been a strong one in terms of creativity, as evidenced by the updating of the Bubble watches – including The Girl with the Pearl Bubble by photographer Juliette Jourdain – which represented a great partnership for us with some talented artists. We have also been focusing on small VIP events organised for our Golden Bridge line and haute horlogerie timepieces. We had an extraordinarily good response from clients in Hong Kong, Malaysia, Taiwan, Thailand and the US.
The launch of the Golden Bridge Round in late 2016 encountered great success with a sell-through rate of almost 100 percent in certain countries – almost unheard of these days. This demonstrates that despite the difficult economic situation, there is still potential for brands like us to succeed.
I like to wear the Golden Bridge Round and the Admiral Legend 42mm in rose gold. Both of these watches are iconic and of great value to Corum.
Quality and perceived value, merchandising on the point of sales, plus continuity and sustainability in the products and communication strategy.
How much of an impact has the technological revolution had on your business in the past 12 months?
We believe smart watches are definitely not for Corum at this stage and our humorous answer was presented at Baselworld with Bubble Disconnected.
I don't believe that smart watches will be quite so popular in the future. The wrist will be free again for classic timepieces. Nevertheless, we have to better understand that our clients' mindset changes faster now than it did, say, 30 years ago.
To get the younger generation on board, are there any specific strategies aimed at the youth market for 2018?
Social media is definitely a tool in which we need to invest. We've also studied the success of budget watches such as Daniel Wellington and Kickstarter brands building a group of aficionados, just like Panerai some years ago. Beside the Bubble watch, we will launch a Corum e-boutique in 2018 aimed at the younger generation.
What are you most excited about for 2018 – any upcoming events, releases and rumours that have got you feeling excited?
At the beginning of 2018, we will launch another collaboration watch to support our Golden Bridge line. The watch will reflect our philosophy and approach at Corum in a modern, classical style. There was plenty going on at the end of 2017, too: we launched Iguana Yachts last September [with the French boat builder of the same name], and a new Admiral will additionally be presented at the end of this year.
What's your opinion on the new "Swiss Made" rule implemented in January 2017?
The Swiss Made 60 percent rule is an important step in the right direction. We also have to keep in mind that 100 percent Swiss would not be possible and that today, more than ever, RRP matters. It has to be connected to the real value of your products. However, the signature brand on the dial has to be the ultimate guarantee for quality and value, rather than the "made in".
What defines a watch for you – is there ever an overlap between mechanical and digital timekeepers?
Today a watch has not so much value to my eyes for its first function of giving the time, but for its interpretation. It's more about the fusion between art, craftsmanship and technicality – that is what I like about a watch.
How do you expect the brand will bridge the gap between the demands of consumers for traditional timepieces and the modern appetite for their digitised, automated cousins?
We will continue to focus on what we know. The only "bridge" we are concerned with is the Golden Bridge.
What has been the most significant change you have witnessed in your
25-year career?
The internet has changed and accelerated everything in the watch business. We now have to take good care of the specificities of each market. But we are small and should never forget it. The value of Swiss watch industry exports stood at CHF 19.4 billion (HK$151.3 billion) in 2016, which is nothing compared with Apple or Samsung's turnover.
Nicholas Rudaz, COO of Franck Muller
"The new ruling is far too flexible … it's shameful that such a strong branding as 'Swiss Made' actually means nothing to the end user"
Nicholas Rudaz
COO of Franck Muller
What have been some of the highlights for Franck Muller in 2017?
The 25th anniversary of the brand, which was celebrated at our headquarters in January, in May in Japan and this September in Hong Kong, marked a milestone for a young and unique brand known for its complications and designs.
Which timepiece have you worn most this year and what makes it so special?
I love wearing our Crazy Hours Curvex in white gold with Swiss flags on the dial. Its fun complication uses the heure sautante complication to keep a correct timing while having the numbers scattered in a uniquely odd order. The Curvex shape is our DNA, our emblematic shape and the complication is unique. It's a very emotional watch in the sense that when I show it to friends or clients, they don't understand how it works. It's only when I show them how the jumping hand functions that they, too, appreciate the complication.
Where did Franck Muller sell well in 2017?
The nice surprise of the second quarter is to see the business growing in Hong Kong. The market is definitely rising here again, and we expect it to grow further in 2018.
There is an increasing number of smart watches on the market. Do you foresee any kind of revolution in the mechanical watch business in response?
A true mechanical watch will always be sought after by watch collectors. The [appeal of the] smart watch is short-lived, as every six months the old generation is replaced with a new technology. We prefer to let other brands exploit this market and concentrate on the purity of traditional watchmaking.
To get the younger generation on board to become Franck Muller aficionados, are there any specific releases aimed at the youth market?
The Vanguard case (which launched in 2014) is sportier and appeals to a younger audience, with a starting
price that's more affordable for younger generations.
What defines a watch for you – is there ever an overlap between mechanical and "smart" timekeepers?
A watch is a timekeeper to be worn with pride and joy on the wrist. A mechanical timepiece encapsulates a long history of savoir-faire. Of course, there are many different ways to show the time, and a smart watch is just another possibility.
What are you most looking forward to in 2018?
Next year will be the 15th anniversary of the Crazy Hours watch and to mark this occasion, we will be presenting some new, unique colours for our southeast Asian and Hong Kong markets. In 2018, we will also extend two buildings to offer 16,000 square metres of additional production space at our Watchland headquarters in Genthod. We're also very excited to be presenting some wonderful novelties this January at our World Presentation of Haute Horlogerie (WPHH) event.
What's your opinion on the new "Swiss made" 60 percent rule?
The new ruling is far too flexible, which enables some manufacturers to produce all their components in Asia at cheaper costs before mounting the movements in Switzerland. It's shameful that such a strong branding as "Swiss Made" actually means nothing to the end user. Indeed, the consumer is deceived into buying a product seemingly of good quality, but in fact, the origin of the product is from another continent. At Franck Muller, we are fully verticalised, and all our components are made in Switzerland. All Swiss watchmakers should be proud to state that their watches are made in Switzerland, if that is indeed the case.
Its creativity and design. As for watchmakers, it's their dedication to quality.
Goris Verburg, Managing Director of northeast Asia for IWC Schaffhausen
"We've seen the market grow tremendously and it might well be that China overtakes sales in Hong Kong next year"
Goris Verburg
Managing director of northeast Asia for IWC Schaffhausen
What were some of the standout moments for IWC in 2017?
To mark the 50th anniversary of the Aquatimer diver watch, we launched the Aquatimer Perpetual Calendar Digital Date-Month in ceratanium, an alloy of ceramic and titanium: we're the first brand to use this material for a watch case. We also re-launched the Da Vinci collection, which first hit the market in 1985 with the perpetual calendar for men and a more female-oriented 36mm dial. We additionally bought back the Engineer collection, first launched in 1955; an anti-magnetic watch that engineers could wear in the lab. The new Engineer has the look of the original 1955, whereas previous re-launches recalled the 1976 model.
Our new CEO, Christoph Grainger-Herr, took over on 1 April [from long-time CEO Georges Kern], and that's also a big change for the brand.
I wear watches like I wear suits and ask myself, "what do I feel like wearing today?". Some of my favourites include the Portuguese Perpetual Calendar in white gold, which syncs through the crown. I appreciate the mechanism and the aesthetics are quite sophisticated, too. I've also enjoyed wearing the Big Pilot Special Edition, which has a silver dial and orange tinted hands.
Were there any surprises from your most recent sales reports?
Hong Kong is traditionally our biggest market, and for the luxury watch market in general. That's still the case, although the market has been difficult over the past three years. In April, when China raised taxes on luxury goods purchased abroad, we've seen the market grow tremendously, and it might well be that China overtakes sales in Hong Kong next year. South Korea also does extremely well for us – many don't recognise that's it's one of our top-performing countries.
What will be the dominant trends in the luxury watch market next year?
I think sports watches will become a lot stronger than classic models, and this is partly driven by demand from mainland Chinese consumers. Their attire is becoming more casual, and they're looking for sporty, bigger watches. Sporty models globally are also doing better, and that's something that will probably continue next year. I think they'll also be more limited edition pieces, and references to historic watches in designs.
We're not developing watches aimed at the younger generation. Next year will be our 150th anniversary, so there will be a number of limited edition watches to commemorate that. We want to be true to our price segment; we have a wide range of watches already in the HK$30-35,000 price bracket [to appeal to younger consumers] while most are priced at around HK$80,000. Our key customers are aged between 30-45, which represents a younger clientele when compared to other brands.
When you're doing sports, a digital watch is great as it has GPS and displays details like altitude. But besides the convenience of it, there's no emotional attachment there. Mechanical watches have a soul, a history; there's a beauty in the finishing, movement, and construction. While some may keep their watches in a winder, I enjoy setting the time … the sensory experience of feeling it and winding is a joy, as it the heritage that you carry around with you.
How will IWC bridge the gap between artisanal timepieces and their digitised cousins?
The purpose of them is very different, and I think mechanical watches are something to keep, something that
can be passed on, a watch from your father or mother. Young people still want to reward themselves with a luxury watch at a special moment in their life, such as a graduation, and we'll continue to play on these emotional moments. We're not competing [with digital watches] on a day-to-day basis. In principle, there's room for both, as they offer two distinct functions.
Thierry Stern, President of Patek Philippe
"Most brands are a bit lost. When times are easy, you can sell anything … it's another story when times are difficult"
Thierry Stern
president of Patek Philippe
How does Patek strike a balance between preserving provenance and history, and staying progressive?
The fact that we are a family business gives us a big advantage. I benefit from my father's know-how and, in return, he benefits from my youth and difference in opinion. It's this link that makes us quite powerful. Although I strive to always innovate, I also have a [brand] guardian in my dad who reminds me to keep to our DNA and do things a certain way. This allows us to evolve without forgetting our tradition of innovation – that's how I grew up. I always say that I need to play a little bit of the devil: It means I have to go on the line but be careful not to fall on the wrong side. And this comes with experience. I ventured too far when I was younger, and my dad had to warn me: "Thierry watch out. This is too far". Many years later I am able to check myself. Perhaps one day, I will have to take the place of my dad
and do the same with my children.
Do you find it difficult to keep that balance in an age of disruption?
Not really. I have a clear vision of where I want to go with Patek Philippe. We never change our strategy, and when you have a clear strategy, it's much easier to continue to innovate and try new things. The pilot's watch [Pilot Travel Time, 2015] was a good example: It was a little different, but it's still a Patek Philippe. I know the quality and movement have to be to be beautiful and precise, and every detail is very important. You need to take risks, but you have to calculate them – it's like a game of chess.
How does Patek Philippe cater to the rapidly rising Chinese demographic?
We don't. I think it will be a big mistake to adapt to a single market. People like Patek because of the design and the philosophy of our brand. Once you adapt yourself to a single market, you're going to lose that. I know many brands do that, but I believe it's a mistake: If you're willing to buy a Swiss watch, you may not expect to see dials with Chinese information on it. My task is to understand everyone's needs, and the biggest challenge is to create one watch that would be nice for the European, Asian and American markets – this is what's most important. I have to make one product that seduces everybody, and I will not do specific pieces for a market because that will make me lose my identity. You can always create a special dome clock for a specific market, but we are talking about one clock, one pocket watch, or three to five beautiful enamel dials – those I'll agree to, but not for the core collection.
How is Patek tackling the digital age?
I'm not willing to tackle it. I'm using technology to educate people, not to sell. It's a good moment when one buys a Patek Philippe. It's when you sit down, talk about watches and try them – the internet cannot do that. I strongly believe it would be a mistake to sell Patek Philippe watches through the internet. I'm not selling something mass – [a Patek Philippe watch is] unique and you need to choose your watch very wisely. And to do that, you need to wear it on your wrist first. It's not the case on the internet: You go [to the website], look for the best price, and order. This is not the strategy for Patek. The day it's going to be like that would be the one you question the need to do something exceptional. Imagine all of us sitting in our beds and ordering everything – food, watches, etc. It's going to be boring. I don't want to see this happen for us.
What are your thoughts on the rise of luxury conglomerates?
I think they are getting too big. They are businessmen, not watchmakers, and that's the difference. To have 10 to 15 brands under one roof is not easy. You have to control all of that. With every brand turning to the same supplier, watchmakers and after-sales service centres, you will end up suddenly losing your personality.
Do you consider 2016's slump in the market a momentary blip?
It's difficult to say. However, I believe that the industry will never be the same again – we will not be going back to how it was a few years ago. The world is evolving, and it's our duty to adapt. This happened because too many watchmakers produced too many watches – it's as simple as that. They made a heavy mistake, especially with mainland China. They thought it would be a fantastic year and they were going to sell so many watches. I never understood that. I was the youngest one in the industry, and I said quite early: "I will not go to China like this". It takes time to educate people, and you need to do things step by step. If you believe that people are just buying – you're a fool. People are not stupid. I warned many of them but nobody listened, and they produced, produced, produced. Look at what happened; it was a disaster.
Ultimately, do you think this is an adjustment period for the industry?
Most brands are a bit lost. This is when you see the really good ones. When times are easy, you can sell anything – watches, books, cars, whatever. It's another story when times are difficult. Only the good ones are still staying alive, and I would like to be one of them.
watches IWC Corum Franck Muller PATEK PHILIPPE Graff Diamonds Iwc Schaffhausen
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A white, yellow & red radio station, with a good balance of classic rock & pop.
A clean, delicious and refreshing bitterness with a balance of maltiness from the finest Maris Otter pale malt. This is followed by a distinctive dry fruitiness reminiscent of gooseberries, giving the ale a satisfying blend of flavours.
The lovely stuff is brewed by Upham Brewery, real ales handcrafted in Hampshire.


A 28 year old woman with a history of Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome (KTS) presented to the hospital for an elective amputation of the right lower extremity. KTS is a congenital vascular malformative syndrome involving capillary, lymphatic, and venous structures and is associated with limb (usually asymmetric lower extremity) involvement. The patient had a history of extensive lymphatic and vascular malformations involving both lower extremities since birth, with asymmetric hypertrophy of the right leg, thigh, and buttock, and an associated flexion contracture of the right knee. Since infancy, she had undergone multiple surgical excisions of skin and soft tissues of both legs and perineum, as well as splenectomy, urinary bladder reconstruction, and partial colectomy to ameliorate visceral manifestations of the syndrome. The non-functional right lower extremity was amputated, as it was a source of intractable and severe pain. External examination showed diffuse hypertrophy, with fluctuant, discoloured cutaneous blebs, nearly confluently distributed over the knee and thigh (fig 1A). Cross-section (fig 1B) showed a diffuse proliferation of ectatic vascular spaces throughout the soft tissues, some of which were cavernous and filled with blood and phleboliths. Microscopic examination (fig 1C) revealed innumerable lymphatic and venous malformations within the soft tissues. Four years later, the patient continues to suffer from chronic pain with visceral abdominal and pelvic involvement. As this case shows, clinical management of this congenital vascular malformation continues to be a difficult challenge, which does not necessarily become easier as patients grow older.
(A) Amputation specimen, right lower extremity. (B) Cross-section of leg. (C) Microscopic appearance of dilated vascular spaces (trichrome elastic stain, 40×).


Environment - I like to think of this area as the realm into which you are about to launch into: is it VFR or IFR? Regardless of which one it is, when was the last time you looked into the regulations surrounding VFR and IFR flight? It might not be exciting reading, but they may have changed since you last flew. As the PIC, you need to be aware of the regulations. Also consider the local flying area around the airport. Have the practice areas changed, have more neighbourhoods become off-limits for overflying due to noise complaints, or has the airport itself changed with new run-up areas or taxiways? When was the last time you reviewed the checklist for the aircraft you are going to fly, the Pilot Operating Handbook (POH) or Information Manual (IM)? Are you up to speed on the emergency procedures and can you execute without having to look them up? Most of emergencies we need to be handle from memory and then confirm with a checklist. (Be sure to review the Jeppesen Instrument Procedures Handbook, as well!) Spend some time with the POH/IM before you go to the airport.
External Pressures - Are you, the pilot, influenced by external pressures that are keeping you from being focused on flying the airplane? Most of us have things in our daily life that we are always thinking about. Do you stop and take care of those external pressures before climbing into the cockpit? This is a personal call that each of us must make each and every time we fly. Just like setting personal minimums for flying in the wind or flying that instrument approach, every pilot is different and it is a judgment call. Don't forget to make that call and leave your troubles on the ground and stay focused on the flight deck. For instrument pilots, there is a six-month requirement for instrument proficiency and then the FAA gives us an additional six months before we have to fly a required Instrument Proficiency Check. If it has been more than six months since you flew "under the hood," do you really think you are safe and up to standards to go out and fly per FAR Part 61. 57(c)? Try and fly "under the hood" at least once per month so your skills do not become rusty. Practice your skills and you will become the "master" and not the "student" when it comes to flying safe!


I am an easy going and approachable person. I would like to find and meet Ethiopian woman.
Easy going, determined, love to joke and make the best of every single day. I love to be happy inspite of circumstances.


text:
Streetlife Serenade è il terzo album discografico in studio del cantautore statunitense Billy Joel, pubblicato nell'ottobre del 1974.

Tracce

LP
Lato A (AL 33146)
One Side

Lato B (BL 33146)
Another Side

Musicisti
 Billy Joel - voce, tastiere, moogs, arrangiamenti
 Gary Dalton - chitarra
 Richard Bennett - chitarra
 Mike Deasy - chitarra
 Roj Rathor - chitarra
 Al Hertzberg - chitarra
 Don Evans - chitarra
 Art Munson - chitarra
 Michael Stewart - chitarra
 Tom Whitehorse - chitarra pedal steel, banjo
 William Smith - organo
 Emory Gordy - basso
 Larry Knechtel - basso
 Wilton Felder - basso
 Ron Tutt - batteria
 Joe Clayton - conga
Note aggiuntive
 Michael Stewart - produttore, arrangiamenti
 Registrazioni effettuate al Devonshire Sound di North Hollywood, California (Stati Uniti)
 Ron Malo - ingegnere delle registrazioni
 Barry Fasman - assistente
 Mastering effettuato al Artisan
 Ron Coro - art direction e design copertina album
 Brian Hagiwara - dipinto fronte coprtina album
 Jim Marshall - foto retrocopertina album
 Ringraziamento a Brian Ruggles

Classifica
Album

Singoli

Note

Collegamenti esterni

  (LP - Titoli e durata brani - Musicisti - Produttore - Altro)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
DestinationsEuropeUnited KingdomEngland
5 Must-Visit Pubs In England's Cotswolds
The Cotswolds, just 90 miles west of London, is an area of outstanding English rural beauty with a quieter and more genteel way of life. It's the perfect antidote to the hustle and bustle of the hectic capital, which is why it's not surprising people from the city often retreat here to unwind. With picturesque, ancient villages that could be straight out of a Victorian period drama and buildings that have been around longer than the U.S. has been in existence, this area is a natural draw for visitors from all over the world.
Mention "English pub," and the image that is often conjured up is one of stone walls, low, wooden-beamed ceilings, a roaring fire with a border collie stretched out contentedly in front of it, and small, cramped tables on a flagstone floor. It's warm and you're enveloped with the hubbub of conversation from locals standing at the bar. The smell of hearty, home-made cooking wafts through the bar, and there are no blaring television screens to dull your senses.
Whilst there is a pub on almost every corner in England, not all live up to our rosy imagery. But they do exist, and it's worth seeking them out. Here, in no particular order, are five of the best you should visit when exploring the Cotswolds.
1. The Old Spotted Cow, Marston Meysey, Wiltshire
Great For: Al-Fresco Dining, Ambience, Dog Lovers
Marston Meysey is a tiny village with a population of only a few hundred. It dates back to the 13th century, though the pub itself is somewhat younger at only 180 years old or so. The Old Spotted Cow is located off the main road on the outskirts of the village, overlooking open fields. There is plenty of parking space. A large garden with many picnic tables makes for an enjoyable evening meal (and drink) outdoors in the summer, watching the sunset with birdsong as the only sound.
The Old Spotted Cow has exposed Cotswold stone walls, low wooden beams, roaring fires, and an interesting mix of more formal (things don't get very formal here) restaurant-type dining tables and a comfortable sofa in front of the fire. There is a small, horseshoe-shaped bar with a wide selection of local beers. The bar is a congregating place for the locals. Food is served at lunchtime and in the evening (try the traditional roast beef and the Yorkshire pudding) using only locally grown ingredients.
Many pubs are very dog friendly now. Here you will find a water bowl for dogs at the pub entrance and free doggy treats in a jar on the bar. This is a locals' pub; entering is like stepping into someone's warm, welcoming, cozy home. You may enter a stranger, but you will leave as a friend. As one local put it, "This used to be the pub in the village, now it is the village pub."
2. The Bull Hotel, Fairford, Gloucestershire
Great For: Ambience, History, Location
Fairford has been on the map as a market town since the 12th century and is a popular tourist spot, with the picturesque River Coln running past classic Cotswold stone cottages. Fairford is probably best known for annually hosting the world's largest military air show, the Royal International Air Tattoo, which attracts up to 150,000 visitors over three days. If you want to enjoy The Bull Hotel without the competition of 50,000 others waiting to be served, you might want to avoid the third weekend in July.
The Bull Hotel is centrally located right in the Market Square and teeming with history. Dating back to the 15th century, originally as a monk's chanting house, it became an important coaching inn during the 18th and 19th centuries. Today, the Bull is a hotchpotch of different rooms on different levels which only adds to the quaintness of the place. Exposed Cotswold stone walls, crooked wooden beams, wooden floors, and open fireplaces welcome the visitor. Heavy, old, framed paintings hang on the walls. Sit at a wooden table in the bar area, enjoy a more intimate private nook, or laze on a sofa in front of a roaring fire or a bay window — the Bull offers all possibilities. It felt more like someone's home than a pub. Don't expect to find signs for restrooms or toilets here, only "loos."
The menu has everything from the traditional English breakfast and English Roast dinner to classic pub fare and everything in between. Try the Ploughman's and the deliciously sinful sticky toffee pudding.
3. The Swan Hotel, Bibury, Gloucestershire
Great For: Food, Garden, Location
Home to one of the most visited and photographed spots in the Cotswolds, the ancient and picturesque Arlington Row in Bibury dates back to the 14th century, when the buildings were used as a monastic wool store. They were converted to cottages two centuries later. A beautiful village with the River Coln meandering through it, Bibury gets very popular in the summer, and parking can be difficult.
The Swan Hotel commands the best location in the village — right on the main road overlooking the River Coln with views to Arlington Row in the distance and just steps away from an old mill and active trout farm. It is the perfect place to get a bite to eat. This old coaching inn has a very comfortable bar with comfy armchairs, an open log fire and delicate, and ambient lighting. While it doesn't have that intimate, stone-floor, very-low-wooden-beams-that-you-can-crack-your-head-on ambiance, it definitely offers an oasis of tranquility from the bustle just steps away outside. And with an eclectic selection of beers and cider, it's a good place to chill out.
Their up-scale restaurant (The Swan Brasserie) is a more formal but beautifully spacious and airy room with a great menu. Remember to look down and admire the colorful mosaic floor.
The Swan has a small outdoor patio and, just across the street and right on the river, its own manicured, private garden where hotel patrons can sit, enjoy a drink, and watch the ducks drift by. Visit on Boxing Day (December 26th) and you can watch the annual duck race. Yes, really.
4. The Wild Rabbit, Kingham, Oxfordshire
Great For: Al-Fresco Dining, Food, Location
The charming village of Kingham was once selected as "England's Favorite Village," and it remains a firm favorite for both walkers and cyclists. Its two village pubs (The Kingham Plough as well as The Wild Rabbit) are both well known for their great food offerings.
An imposing three-story Cotswold building, The Wild Rabbit is directly on the road (Church Street) and has very limited parking behind the pub, so most folk park on the road. This gastro-pub successfully combines a traditional bar area with exposed Cotswold stone, an open, raised fireplace, a mix of wooden tables and chairs, and a soft armchair or two with a large, more formal restaurant area behind the bar.
A two-way fireplace offers a peek from the bar to the "snug" — a cozy, welcoming room off the bar where, according to one local, "you can read your paper in peace." There is a large terrace in front of the pub with many tables and wicker chairs for al fresco dining in the summer.
Dining is a must here. Not the cheapest location, perhaps, but the wide selection of home-made food (from smaller plates like a ploughman's lunch to a steak main dish) is high quality and very tasty.
5. The Inn At Fossebridge, Fossebridge, Gloucestershire
Great For: Ambience, Gardens, History
Only seven miles from the old Roman town of Cirencester, this 300-year-old former coaching inn is located on the Fosse Way on the banks of the River Coln. It sits within four acres of beautiful gardens complete with its own lake. There is ample parking space.
With its flagstone floors, stone walls and arches, wooden beams and wagon wheels and lanterns hanging on the wall, you are immediately drawn into a cocoon of warmth and back to another age. Don't worry about leaning against the wall — it's been there since 1637 and isn't going anywhere. Although wooden tables, chairs, and pews help to provide the perfect olde-worlde atmosphere, simple modern additions (cushions on chairs and accent lighting) make this a wonderfully comfortable and cozy pub.
The menu is extensive and offers everything from hearty, traditional English pub grub to full-size, main-course ribeye steaks. Local ales with names like "Wicked Lady" and "Greedy Goose" make this a must-visit spot on everyone's itinerary no matter the time of year. In winter, this is an excellent place to end a hike and relax with mulled wine by a roaring fire; in summer, bask outside in the warm sunshine, local ale in hand, as the river gently babbles just a few feet away. In this sleepy hamlet, The Inn at Fossebridge is (and has been for centuries) the quintessentially English roadside pub.
Since a number of these pubs are centuries old, stone floors and wooden steps will not be perfectly even, so you need to take extra care. Doors and windows will look as though they are crooked. That may be because you have enjoyed the local brews a little too much, or it could be they are older than your granny and have shrunk over the years. You will have to decide.
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Chris Moore View Full Profile
Originally from the UK and having lived in Toronto and North Carolina, Chris now calls southeast Michigan home. After 37 years in chemical manufacturing, Chris started chapter two pursuing his love of travel and photography and sharing it through illustrated travel articles. From sleeping in an ice hotel to walking through a Rio favela, rice mat weaving in rural China to sailing naked on the world's largest square rigger, getting lost in the medina of Marrakech to sharing mate in Chile, every journey has created lifelong memories and often new friends. No matter where you are, everyone has a story.
Married with two grown sons, Chris still gets up early every Saturday to watch his beloved Liverpool play in the English Premier League and he still misses English country pubs and warm beer. He is also a features writer for a local newspaper and volunteers with a local nature and land conservancy group.
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text:
Thanksgiving Point looking to add high-density housing, office space
Lehi City News Local News
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The lack of city and county funding provided to Thanksgiving Point is the biggest reason Mike Washburn, President, and CEO of Thanksgiving Point, is seeking to build high-density housing and mixed-use retail projects to the area. "Truly, if we could continue to fundraise and build mission-oriented things, we probably wouldn't be talking about building additional buildings and building additional high-density residential housing….the reality is we can't. If we got $2 million a year like the symphony and the zoo does, we would probably be more tempted to do that," Washburn said during his presentation to Lehi City Council on May 14.
Washburn is referring to other cultural institutions that receive annual county or city funding. For example, The Hogle Zoo and Utah Symphony receive roughly $2 million each year. Red Butte Gardens receives roughly $1 million and the Scera Theater in Orem receives $507 thousand annually. "We estimate our revenue this year to reach $23.25 million, our biggest year ever," Washburn said. But said 83% of that revenue goes back into delivering the experiences they provide.
In a presentation to City Council, Washburn shared the economic impact Thanksgiving Point has on the rest of Lehi City. The annual visitors at Thanksgiving Point are anticipated to reach 2.3-2.4 million in 2019, with 82% of visitors being Utah residents. Visitors from Lehi is around 18%. "Something of interest is 1.7 million visitors are coming to Lehi outside of Lehi. It's a huge population that visit Thanksgiving Point and spend money in Lehi," Washburn said to the committee.
According to a local economic study from 2016, every guest who visits Thanksgiving Point spends an average of an additional $22 in the community, bringing in $3.4 million in tax revenue. "We have a significant impact on the region in spending," Washburn said. An additional 2016 study revealed the social impact from Thanksgiving Point, with families reported an "increased understanding of the natural world and learning processes, improved scientific questioning and exploration, and increased self-confidence and positive outlook."
"I think we all can generally feel good about our experiences at Thanksgiving Point, but there's a larger impact we don't always think about on a daily basis," Washburn said.
Lehi City Council member Paige Albrecht said while it's clear Thanksgiving point has contributed a great deal to Lehi, both economically and culturally, it's not enough to agree on this development as it was presented.
"As they've expanded, the traffic nightmares for residents have grown a great deal worse. I'm unwilling to consider a proposal like this until Thanksgiving Point does more to address the traffic issue. Simply locating this project near public transit isn't enough," Albrecht said.
Washburn said the goal for the added real estate developments is to develop long-term cash flow "that doesn't rely on the daily operations and the challenges of making money with museums. We want to do it well and appropriately. We're trying to figure out mass transit and want to be part of that solution as well."
The presentation included the following breakdown for potential development:
Real Estate Development: 1. Office buildings- ground leases, partnerships, and joint ventures 2. Transit Oriented Development: High-density residential- a joint venture 3. Mixed-use retail 4. Built-in memberships 5. Legacy Project
Washburn presented a graph of the revenue streams into Thanksgiving point. 4% comes from government funding for their educational programs that take lessons to grade schools and middle schools across the state. Private funding accounts for 17%, earned income accounts for an estimated 79%. "Compare that to larger museums with earned income of 37%," Washburn said. "We feel good about that number. We want to pay our way."
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It can be challenging to find affordable services to help maintain the quality performance of your automobile. While a dealership garage can provide extraordinary service that meets the manufacturer's specifications, they also come with a high price tag. To keep an automobile functioning properly, it can be worth the investment to pay the extra expense. However, there is a more affordable solution available when you select an independent garage that supplies VW car servicing in Newton Abbott. With the right garage, you can receive the same quality of workmanship at a more reasonable price.
* You should search for a well-established company that has built a reputation for providing extraordinary service.
* Their technicians should have the training required to provide VW car servicing in Newton Abbott.
* Is the garage certified to work on the automobile and what type of certification do they have?
* Do they have access to the latest equipment available to test your automobile to fully diagnose any current or potential problems?
* What type of services does the garage offer their clients? Do the only work on specific problems are do they offer comprehensive services to help keep your car performing efficiently?
A car is a valuable possession and you want to know the garage you select can provide the services required to keep it functioning properly. Monnington Motors is a well-established independent garage that offers dealership-level service to their customers. They are approved by Bosh Car Service as a reliable company that meets their code of practice. With over three decades of experience, their skilled technicians will inspect your automobile to determine if there is a problem and how to solve the issue for you at an affordable price.


text:
Guest column: LimeBike committed to working with South Lake Tahoe community
Opinion | July 28, 2017
Toby Sun
LimeBikes can be booked via a smartphone app for $1 per 30 minutes.
Courtesy / Chris McNamara |
I founded LimeBike because I wanted my son and the future generation to live on a healthy planet.
LimeBike aims to provide a sustainable solution to that first and last mile problem: How do we get people from a central location (such as their homes) to their destination (such as their office or the grocery store) in an affordable and accessible way while eliminating our carbon footprints? How do we get the future generations to change their behavior so we can save this planet?
When Keep Tahoe Blue approached me about launching our bikeshare program in South Lake Tahoe, I was ecstatic! To me, the Lake Tahoe region represents an ideal world: an environmentally-conscientious and progressive community that cares deeply about its surroundings, while always being open to new ideas.
I immediately answered Keep Tahoe Blue, "Yes! Let's do it, together." In launching LimeBike in South Lake, our joint goals are to reduce traffic on the roads and promote a healthier, faster alternative to cars and trucks while keeping Tahoe blue.
Because LimeBike is a young company, we know there will be great lessons on the way. We strive to always learn, improve, and appreciate the feedback and support we receive from the community.
LimeBike, which is a small California-based company, doesn't require any taxpayers' dollars to operate. For South Lake Tahoe (and other regions in which we operate), we generate tax revenue that goes back to the community through our service. We've also hired local full-time community representatives (you may know them as Steven and Ricky), who were born and raised right here in the region. They are always educating riders about bike parking, safety, and are monitoring any irregularities.
From an education and support perspective, riders are instructed to park at bike racks, or areas where bikes are not obstructing pedestrian walkways or street traffic. We also have a 24/7 customer support line that provides the public with immediate assistance: 888-546-3345.
To date, we've deployed 200 bikes in various neighborhoods of South Lake Tahoe as part of a pilot program. This allows riders to access a nearby bike at anytime. We could not have done this without the support from the local businesses in South Lake. (See factbox for a list of participating businesses.) Many have allowed their properties to be designated as "hubs," or central locations, where riders can park. Part of our upcoming plan is to highlight all of these participating local businesses in our mobile app, which will bring more people and bike traffic into their shops.
We are working tirelessly to make sure that this happens soon.
Do not hesitate to send us your feedback to support@limebike.com or call us at 888-546-3345. I personally review all feedback and comments.
Finally, we have additional positions open and highly encourage local residents to apply.
Thank you again for this special opportunity, South Lake Tahoe. We look forward to continuing this journey with you! We are committed to working with the community.
Let's Keep Tahoe Blue. Ride on.
Toby Sun is the CEO of LimeBike.
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The article reports on the observations of the U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO) on the federal government's contracting data systems. It states that the data systems provide information on how the 518 billion dollar fiscal year 2008 fund for contractor products and services is being spent and how well the contractors are performing. It notes that the contracting data systems should be responsive to the needs of the Congress, federal agencies, and the public that uses them.


text:
M15 kan syfta på:
 M15 – en stjärnhop, se Messier 15
 M15 (Ungern) – en motorväg i Ungern
 HMS M15 – en minsvepare


text:
Q: Capturing the login failed event in Symfony3 I have this set up in security.yml;
 failure_path:      /login

This redirects a user to the log in page if they are not authenticated when trying to access specific URLs set in access_control e.g.
access_control:
    - { path: ^/admin, role: ROLE_ADMIN }

But I cannot seem to capture this redirect.
I have tried to use a service for the security.authentication.failure event but this does not work
app.security.authentication_failure_event_listener:
    class: MemberBundle\Event\AuthenticationListener
    tags:
        - { name: kernel.event_listener, event: security.authentication.failure, method: onAuthenticationFailure }

The redirect still occurs and the onAuthenticationFailure is never called. Presumably because authentication has not explicitly failed. The user just isn't logged in and is redirected.
The reason is because I want to give different response based on the expected format. For example I want html requests to go to the login page, but JSON requests should return valid JSON - and not the HTML login form page.
I feel like the FOSRestBundle may handle this, but it seems overkill for this relatively simple need. And its not a RESTFul web site so I shouldn't need that bundle to do this?
I also tried a service to listen for Exceptions but this did not work either. I guess the redirect that occurs doesn't throw an Exception?
app.exception_listener:
    class: AppBundle\EventListener\ExceptionListener
    tags:
        - { name: kernel.event_listener, event: kernel.exception }

So how can I always capture the redirect event that occurs when failure_path is set in security.yml?

A: My Tip (also for the future) is to "Create a Custom Authentication System with Guard. Much More simple and more flexible/customizable to handle that stuff (specially if a bit complicated with many authenticators like facebook, twitter, etc... and with a remember me option activated...).
But... as showed in the SecurityBundle Configuration ("security") you can set a failure_handler parameter for each login system in that firewall:
security:
    firewalls:
        your_firewall_name:
             form_login:
                 failure_handler: your_custom_failure_handler_service_name <-- THIS ONE

Then you can create a service injecting the needed dependencies to handle the stuff you need and to return a different response based on the request format.
NOTE: I'm not sure if you can achieve this also creating a listener for the Security authentication event failure, but you can give it a try.

A: So the answer to this lay in a subtle thing about Symfony and the AccessDeniedException.
In that the Exception is only thrown based on your access controls if the current user is not allowed access. It is not thrown if you are not authenticated at all.
The same is true for any sort of authentication failure hook. Its only called with some sort of auth fails, not if you're simply not logged in and therefore not allowed.
So its done via two new services
app.exception_listener:
    class: AppBundle\EventListener\ExceptionListener
    tags:
        - { name: kernel.event_listener, event: kernel.exception }

app.entry_point:
    class: AppBundle\EventListener\EntryPoint
    arguments: ["@router"]

The first does capture the AccessDeniedException as you would expect when you're denied access to a resource.
class ExceptionListener
{
    public function onKernelException(GetResponseForExceptionEvent $event)
    {
        $exception = $event->getException();
        do {
            if ($exception instanceof AccessDeniedException) {
                $request = $event->getRequest();
                if ('json' == $request->get("format") || $request->isXmlHttpRequest()) {
                    $json = new JsonResponse(["status" => 0, 'not_logged_in' => true, "msg" => "You must be logged in"]);
                    $event->setResponse($json);
                }
            }
        } while (null !== $exception = $exception->getPrevious());
    }
}

The entry point service needs to be set in security.yml like to
security
    firewalls:
        main:
            entry_point: app.entry_point

This class handles the start of the firewall and handles the redirection to authenticate. I check for the Exception is present and then test for XHR and json format and handle accordingly.
/**
 * Returns a response that directs the user to authenticate.
 *
 * This is called when an anonymous request accesses a resource that
 * requires authentication. The job of this method is to return some
 * response that "helps" the user start into the authentication process.
 *
 * Examples:
 *  A) For a form login, you might redirect to the login page
 *      return new RedirectResponse('/login');
 *  B) For an API token authentication system, you return a 401 response
 *      return new Response('Auth header required', 401);
 *
 * @param Request                 $request       The request that resulted in an AuthenticationException
 * @param AuthenticationException $authException The exception that started the authentication process
 *
 * @return Response
 */
class EntryPoint implements AuthenticationEntryPointInterface
{
    /** @var  Router */
    protected $router;

    public function __construct(Router $router)
    {
        $this->router = $router;
    }

    public function start(Request $request, AuthenticationException $authException = null) {
        if($authException) {
            if('json' == $request->get("format") || $request->isXmlHttpRequest()) {
                return new JsonResponse(["status" => 0, 'not_logged_in' => true, "msg" => "You must be logged in"]);
            }
        }

        return new RedirectResponse($this->router->generate("fos_user_security_login"));
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Tag: Satellite
Jun302019 by adminNo Comments
Satellite image shows temperatures soaring across Europe
June 28 (UPI) -- It is really hot in Europe, and the European Space Agency has the satellite images to prove it. Scientists with ESA generated a heat map of continental Europe using data collected by the space agency's Copernicus Sentinel-3's Sea and Land Surface Temperature Radiometer. The map shows the temperature of the land across Europe on June 26. The heatwave currently gripping Europe is producing record temperatures for June. In France, thermometers are registering 100 degrees Fahrenheit, moving Paris officials to ban certain vehicles inside the city. Cities throughout Spain, Italy and Germany also experienced extreme highs on Wednesday and Thursday. In Catalonia, wildfires fueled by the extreme heat and winds are quickly spreading. The heatwave has already claimed several lives,...
Jun72019 by adminNo Comments
Antarctic glaciers to honour 'satellite heroes'
A series of glaciers in the Antarctic are being named after the satellites that have revealed the changing state of the White Continent.The spacecraft, from Europe, the US and Japan, have all contributed important observational data which confirms a picture of accelerating ice loss. They include the pioneering American Landsat series of satellites and Europe's new Sentinel fleet. Their namesake glaciers run parallel to each other in Palmer Land. This is a sector on the western side of the Antarctic Peninsula. It's an area studied by Dr Anna Hogg, who was frustrated that the glaciers she was looking at were known only by their coordinates on a map.The Leeds University scientist proposed the satellite names idea to the UK Antarctic Place-names Committee. It...
Apr22019 by adminNo Comments
Satellite plane-tracking goes global
Tracking aeroplanes anywhere in the world just got a lot easier.The US firm Aireon says its new satellite surveillance network is now fully live and being trialled over the North Atlantic.The system employs a constellation of 66 spacecraft, which monitor the situational messages pumped out by aircraft transponders.These report a plane's position, altitude, direction and speed every eight seconds.The two big navigation management companies that marshal plane movements across the North Atlantic - UK Nats and Nav Canada - intend to use Aireon to transform their operations.The more detailed information they now have about the behaviour of aeroplanes means more efficient routing can be introduced. This ought to reduce costs for airlin...
Mar172019 by adminNo Comments
ULA launches 10th WGS comms satellite for U.S. military
March 15 (UPI) -- United Launch Alliance launched a communications satellite for the United States Air Force on Friday evening at 8:26 p.m. EST. ULA's Delta IV rocket had a successful launch and jettisoned its liquid rocket motors on time as it entered the atmosphere. Just a few minutes after liftoff, the first and second stages separated. The rocket's second stage executed a series of engine burns to properly position the payload. After a technical glitch delayed proceedings, ULA released a new liftoff target of 7:52 p.m. Just minutes later, ULA announced a problem with NASA's Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System "will delay liftoff beyond our new ... launch time." The sun is rising over the #DeltaIV with #WGS10 on the launch pad this morning. Liftoff planned for today, March 15 at ...
Jan202019 by adminNo Comments
Spy satellite launched after repeated delays
Jan. 19 (UPI) -- A rocket carrying a spy satellite launched Saturday from Vandenberg Air Force Base in Southern California after bad weather and technical problems delayed the sendoff for more than one month. At 11:10 a.m. Pacific time, the United Launch Alliance Delta IV Heavy rocket lifted off, carrying a U.S. National Reconnaissance Office satellite into orbit, United Launch Alliance said in a news release. ULA in a joint venture of two competitors, Lockheed Martin and Boeing. NROL-71 was the 132nd successful launch since the company was formed in December 2006, according to its website. The alliance said the satellite is "in support of our country's national defense." "Congratulations to our team and mission partners for successfully delivering this critical asset to support national...


text:
KA postal area
KA21 postcode area
St Marys RC Church Hall (Our Lady Star of the Sea), Saltcoats
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Approximate Location of St Marys RC Church Hall (Our Lady Star of the Sea), Saltcoats
What types of event is St Marys RC Church Hall (Our Lady Star of the Sea) suited to?
St Marys RC Church Hall (Our Lady Star of the Sea) is suitable for a wide range of uses as a private hire venue.
To give you some idea about suitability, the following events have been or are planned to be held at St Marys RC Church Hall (Our Lady Star of the Sea):
Anniversary for 60 guests in July 2016
Is St Marys RC Church Hall (Our Lady Star of the Sea) fully accessible?
Based on customer feedback, we believe that St Marys RC Church Hall (Our Lady Star of the Sea) is only partially accessible to wheelchair users and the infirm. Usually this means that not all areas of the building are accessible, or there may be internal steps requiring assistance or ramps, for example. We would advise taking up any special requirements in this regard with the venue directly.
This listing has been compiled from public domain information, details provided by St Marys RC Church Hall (Our Lady Star of the Sea) or its representatives, and/or feedback from previous users of the venue. It is presented in good faith but is not warranted to be complete or free from errors. It is your responsibility to verify facts prior to making any commitments in respect of the details provided here. E&OE
St Marys RC Church Hall (Our Lady Star of the Sea)
Ardrossan Rd
Adelaide House
Argyle Youth & Community Centre
Neptune Masonic Social Club
Saltcoats Labour Club
Saltcoats Town Hall
The Flask
The Salt Cot
The Sawney Beans


Earlier this year the Australian music industry decided to take advantage of a new law in the country that allows rights owners to seek web-blocks against copyright infringing websites by going to court and demanding that local internet service providers block access to top piracy hub KickassTorrents. Then the Americans went and forced that website off the internet entirely, so that's annoying isn't it?
Don't worry, some mainly partial and temperamental Kickass clones have appeared online since the main site was shut down by the feds, so the Australian labels and music publishers are continuing with their web-block action against those, the pesky movie industry having already nabbed The Pirate Bay for its first big utilisation of Aussie web-blocking laws.
This means that the Australian music industry was back in court again this week seeking a web-block against a dead website, but not really, actually against the clones, because God knows, we really need to stop those damn clones. It's a development which is only really interesting because Australian web-blocking is brand new, and that means there has been much debate about how exactly the web-blocking process should work.
The country's net firms are no longer objecting to the concept of web-blocks, but they are still bickering about who should pay for the technology and admin costs of putting blockades in place and then subsequently blocking all and any proxies that pop up to help naughty file-sharing types still access their piracy sites of choice. Which may or may not be dead piracy sites that no longer exist, except in a second rate partial unofficial form.
Different ISPs have made different proposals about what they may charge for instigating the web-blocks, while rights owners obviously want to keep their costs to the absolute minimum. It remains to be seen what is agreed in this case, and whether that sets a cost effective standard that will allow the Australian music and movie industries to follow their UK counterparts in applying for a stack of blockades down the line.


text:
Gcirc
OPTIMSING THE USE OF FUNGICIDES TO CONTROL STEM CANKER OF OILSEED RAPE
J.S. West1*, P.K. Leech1, B.D.L. Fitt1, S.J. Welham1, A. Penaud2, and A. Pérès2, B. Poisson2
1IACR - Rothamsted, Harpenden, AL5 2JQ, UK
2CETIOM, -BP4, 78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France
*email: mailto:jon.west@bbsrc.ac.uk
Ascospores of Leptosphaeria maculans infect leaves of oilseed rape to cause leaf spots, from which the fungus can grow to infect the stem. Yield losses due to early senescence and lodging result if the stem infections reach a threshold severity prior to harvest. Host resistance alone has not been sufficient to control the disease in the UK where two forms of the fungus [A group (Tox+) and B group (Tox0)] occur, each with different pathogenicity groups. Currently, approved fungicides do not eradicate mycelium once it is inside the stem, so disease management relies on protection of the leaves. Fungicides on the leaf surface degrade and are diluted by leaf expansion, while new leaves are unprotected. The mild, wet climate of the UK and parts of France promotes the release of a succession of spores from different parts of stem debris. Therefore, one or more well-timed fungicide applications are needed. Weather data from different seasons were compared with the corresponding airborne spore numbers, leaf lesion incidence and canker incidence and severity. At early crop growth stages it is important to apply fungicides very promptly, if infections occur during this period. However, when an epidemic is late and the crop is more mature when leaf spotting first appears, a longer period of time exists in which a fungicide application can achieve economic control. Accurate forecasting of fungicide application can therefore not only improve disease control but also decrease fungicide use when the risk of crop damage is small.
KEYWORDS: Leptosphaeria maculans, disease forecasting, pseudothecial maturation
The fungus Leptosphaeria maculans (Desm.) Ces & De Not. causes stem canker (blackleg) of winter oilseed rape. Pseudothecia are produced on stubble and release ascospores from the autumn onwards in the UK and France. The spores infect leaves to cause leaf-spots, from which the fungus can grow to infect the stem (Hammond et al.,1985). Severe stem infections, in which over 50% of the stem is girdled, can cause a substantial loss in yield due to early senescence and lodging. Two forms of the fungus occur in the UK; A (Tox+) which causes damaging cankers on the stem and B (Tox0) which infects the pith (Johnson and Lewis, 1994). Hammond and Lewis (1986) found that the most damaging cankers are formed from leaf infections occurring up to the onset of rapid stem extension. Additionally, the younger leaves (i.e. the first six) appear to be more susceptible to leaf infections than those produced later (McGee and Petrie, 1979). Therefore, it is important to apply fungicides, if infections occur during this period. It has been thought that fungicides do not affect L. maculans once it is inside the stem so it is important to protect the leaves (Gladders, 1988). However, it is not known up to which position in the leaf/petiole, that the fungus is susceptible to a fungicide application. Some reports indicate that fungicides applied to control leaf infections have not always prevented the development of cankers (Rawlinson and Muthyalu, 1979) and Hammond (1985) speculated that the fungus within the leaf may escape fungicides. If this is so, as some fungicides promote leaf retention rather than abscission, late fungicide applications may even be counterproductive by allowing the fungus to reach the stem. Fungicides protecting the leaves degrade and are diluted by leaf expansion, while new leaves are unprotected from later spore releases. Thus, several low dose applications would be needed to give full protection of all leaves, but for practical and economic reasons, only one or two fungicide applications are normally applied (and these may also control other diseases such as light leaf spot). Due to the small size of young leaves and the relatively warm temperatures of early autumn, it is important to apply fungicides very promptly if infections occur. Biddulph et al. (1998) showed that lesions start to appear after only 3 days at 20ºC, 5 days at 16ºC, and 13 days at 8ºC. Hammond (1985) found that at ≈≈12.5ºC lesions start to appear after 8 days, and in infections which were not confined by the host response, entered minor veins by 14 days. At 4ºC, Hammond (1985) found that the systemic phase of infection started after 30 days, with lesion appearance after 40 days. Thus, infections can be advancing towards the stem before any leaf lesions are obvious, while in other infections, the lesion is confined by the plant, although it may sporulate. Therefore, fungicide applications, in response to the first observation of leaf spots (commonly once 10% incidence is reached) may either be too late to prevent stem infection or not needed. Often spray applications, based on leaf spot presence, are delayed by bad weather and so are unlikely to control systemic infections.
The choice of timing of spray applications must depend upon the number of spores in the air (pathogen), favourable infection conditions (environment) and the resistance and age of the crop (host). This paper gives new perspectives of how the number of spores in the air can be predicted and monitored, as part of a disease forecasting scheme.
Maturation of pseudothecia was assessed on stubble collected immediately after harvest and incubated in trays outdoors. Periodically, five pseudothecia from each of five stubble sections were excised, place on slides and examined microscopically. Pressure was applied to the coverslip to squash the pseudothecia and reveal their contents which were graded according to the scale of maturation used by CETIOM; where class A = undifferentiated, B = immature asci present but spores are undifferentiated, C = <8 spores per ascus and < 4 cells per spore, D = 8 spores per ascus or > 4 cells per spore. (Additionally, E = empty/discharged fruiting body).
Furthermore, the numbers and pattern of ascospore discharge, detected by Burkard spore samplers located next to sources of inoculum, were compared with the leaf spot incidence observed over two seasons and two sites.
Maturation of pseudothecia - (Table 1) The first pseudothecia were observed at the sites of stem cankers; later infections (stem lesions) tended to produce pseudothecia later, which matured later (data not shown). This resulted in variable data on pseudothecia maturation; e.g. at St Pathus, class D pseudothecia were observed before class A, which means that regular assessments of relatively large numbers of pseudothecia would be required for a reliable forecasting scheme.
Table 1: Relationship between pseudothecial maturation, spore release and disease incidence
1st A class pseudothecia
1st D class pseudothecia
1st spores trapped
1st leaf spots observed
Surgères, France
St Pathus, France
St Florent, France
Rothamsted, UK
23/7/98 *
( * on plants with severe cankers only)
Ascospore discharge - Comparisons of records of airborne ascospores trapped and leaf spot incidence observed over several seasons (e.g. Fig. 1) revealed that leaf spotting was noticed before any major releases of spores were detected. It appears that the first spores released, although relatively few in number, lead to a relatively high incidence of leaf spotting, because they are deposited when the plant is at its most vulnerable stage.
Fig 1: The pattern of ascospore numbers in the air and leaf lesion incidence in a winter oilseed rape crop at Rothamsted, 1997/98
In the example (Fig. 1) leaf spotting was first noticed on 23/10/97 and was most prevalent that autumn. This led to the appearance of stem cankers from mid-April (data not shown). As in other seasons/sites, a decrease in the incidence of leaf spotting (in untreated plots) was noticed in the winter despite the presence of spores in the air at this time. Although at low temperatures it takes over a month for leaf lesions to appear on newly infected leaves, and older (diseased) leaves are shed at this time, in response to shading and frost, the reduction in leaf infection is also an indication that host resistance may increase with age.
An early sowing of the crop can be used to evade infection at the most sensitive period for the crop (LePage and Penaud, 1995) but there can be problems of early flowering and the formation of too dense a crop canopy. The crops in this study were sown in late August, as standard practice. Improving host resistance remains an important aim in the control of stem canker. As some leaf lesions are confined while others may lead to stem infections, knowledge of the aggressivity/compatibility of local populations of the pathogen on the predominant cultivar grown in a region would aid spray decisions. Work on this is in progress as part of the IMASCORE project (Balesdent and Rouxel, 1998; Balesdent et al., 1998)
Previously, timing of spore release was thought to be due to climatic factors immediately prior to the spore release. Additionally, it appears that the severity of infection in the previous crop influences pseudothecial maturation, since the first pseudothecia were observed at the sites of severe stem cankers, while sites of upper stem lesions produced pseudothecia later. There is potential for the population structure of the pathogen to change during the season as pseudothecia from different parts of the inoculum residue mature. This has also been suggested by Thürwächter (personal communication) and Hammond (1985). Pseudothecial matration depends upon temperature, wetness and humidity (Poisson, 1997) and the maturation time may also be influenced by host resistance (Pérès and Poisson, 1997) and any applied chemicals. An investigation of pseudothecial maturation (Pérès and Poisson, 1997) indicated that the first emissions of ascospores occurred 16-19 rain-days after harvest and when the average temperature had dropped to 14ºC. A combination of the date of first spore capture and weather conditions was used to produce a preliminary model to advise on spray timing at different sites. The monitoring of pseudothecial maturation, or modelling the severity of disease the previous season combined with the weather in late summer/early autumn, are possible methods for predicting the risk of spore release and the first occurrence of leaf-spotting. Additionally, the use of a Burkard spore sampler could augment a forecasting service, giving a warning of spore release in indicator areas.
The incidence of leaf infection has been correlated to the subsequent incidence of stem canker in some studies but not in others. Possible factors which increase the incidence of stem canker over that suggested by the leaf spot data are; direct infection of the stem by conidia splashed from stubble on the soil surface (little is known or has been measured), direct infection of the stem by ascospores, and undetected symptomless (biotrophic) leaf infections. Factors which may reduce the later incidence of stem canker over that suggested by leaf spot incidence are; leaf drop prior to stem colonisation, and total confinement of leaf lesions preventing systemic spread. Large differences appear to occur in symptom expression between cultivars and between crop growth stages and this has reduced the general level of understanding in the past. Additionally, further work on the importance of secondary infections by conidia should be established.
Accurate forecasting of disease severity can therefore not only enhance disease control by improved fungicide application but also reduce fungicide use when the risk of crop damage is low. Severity of disease the previous season combined with the weather in late summer/early autumn could be used to predict the first occurrence of leaf infections.
Knowledge of disease levels in the previous season, cultural practices, and cultivar resistance is required in the development of general crop risk indices. Monitoring the pseudothecial maturation/timing of spore release and favourable infection conditions can be used to pinpoint spray application timing.
This study is part of the IMASCORE project, funded by the European Union (Fair contract CT96-1669; co-ordinator M-H Balesdent).
1. Balesdent M-H, Rouxel T. 1998 IMASCORE: un project de recherche européen sur le "phoma du colza". Les Rencontres Annuelles du CETIOM - Colza, 3 December 1998, 30-31
2. Balesdent M-H, Jedryczka M, Jain L. Mendes-Pereira E, Bertrandy J, Rouxel T. 1998 Conidia as a substrate for internal transcribed spacer-based PCR identification of members of the Leptosphaeria maculans species complex. Phytopathology 88: 1210-1217
3. Biddulph JE, Fitt BDL, Welham SJ. 1998 Effects of temperature and wetness duration on infection of oilseed rape leaves by ascospores of Leptosphaeria maculans (stem canker). 7th International Congress of Plant Pathology, Edinburgh, Scotland, 9-16 August 1998, (2.5.13)
4. Gladders P. 1988 The contribution and value of pesticides to disease control in combinable break crops. pp 29-50 in: Control of Plant Diseases:cost and benefits, Clifford, BC, Lester, E, ed. Oxford, Blackwell Scientific Publications.
5. Hammond KE. 1985 Systemic infection of Brassica napus L spp. oleifera (Metzger) Sink. by Leptosphaeria maculans (Desm.) Ces. et de Not. PhD. Thesis, University of East Anglia, Norwich
6. Hammond KE, Lewis BG. 1986 The timing and sequence of events leading to stem canker disease in populations of Brassica napus var. oleifera in the field. Plant Pathology 35: 551 - 564.
7. Johnson RD, Lewis BG. 1994 Variation in host range, systemic infection and epidemiology of Leptosphaeria maculans. Plant Pathology 43: 269 - 277.
8. LePage R, Penaud A. 1995 Tout se joue avec le premier pic d'ascospores. CETIOM - Oléoscope No 28, 23-27
9. McGee DC, Petrie GA. 1979 Seasonal patterns of ascospore discharge by L. maculans in relation to blackleg of oilseed rape. Phytopathology 69: 586 - 589.
10. Pérès A, Poisson B. 1997 Phoma du colza: avancées en épidémiologie. CETIOM - Oléoscope No 40, 37-40
11. Poisson B. 1997 Etudes relatives "la maturation des perétheces de Leptosphaeria maculans sur les pailles de colza d'hiver nécrosèes au collet". ANPP - 5ème conférence sur les maladies des plantes, Tours, 3-4-5 Décember 1997, Tome 1 p345-352
12. Rawlinson CJ, Muthyalu G. 1979 Diseases of winter oilseed rape - occurrence, effect and controls. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 93: 593-606