Some have suggested that the following section about the Canon 10D camera and its photos is too technical and hard to understand, so I have added this introduction to try and make it clearer. Technically astute readers may want to skip ahead to the actual text.
The case against me hangs completely on the last photos I took of Marion on June 3, 2003. Like almost all digital cameras, the Canon 10D records a lot of information along with the image. Each time a photo is taken the camera records what ISO setting was used, what lens focal length was used, whether the in-camera flash fired or not, the image number, the camera serial number, the shutter speed, and many other pieces of information, including the date and time. All of this information becomes a part of the image file and remains with it unless intentionally stripped away. However, this information can be edited with a number of readily-available software applications. Many types of photo software, including the ubiquitous Photoshop, allow this information to be viewed. This additional information is known as metadata or EXIF (EXchangeable Information File) data.
The date and time information encoded into the EXIF data for a photo comes from the in-camera clock, and is only correct if that clock is correct. This clock is manually set by the user,· and must be reset for such things as daylight saving time or time zone changes.
The last photo now on the IBM Microdrive that I used to record my images that day has the correct date and shows a time of 6:56 pm. If the camera clock was set correctly, that means that the last photo was taken only about nine minutes before my call to 911 to report that Marion was passed out and I could not awaken her. But I know that this is impossible because I went out for some dinner after taking that photo, came back to the studio and puttered around for some time, and only then noticed that Marion was in trouble.
So, was the clock set correctly? I had not paid any attention to how the clock on the camera was set, and so far as I know it was still set the way it had been when it arrived for my testing from Canon. I knew when I took the photos with that camera, and was not even looking at the EXIF data.
Fortunately for me, the Canon 10D camera has a couple of qUirks that differ from other Canon cameras. One of these is that when it creates an image file, it does not write a time created to the EXIF data. It leaves that field blank, and puts the information instead into the time modified field. That quirk is not so important to this discussion. The other quirk is that the Canon 10D creates a text file called a catalog file (suffix .ctg) for each folder of images. Those catalog files are saved to a separate folder. Each catalog file has a creation date/time matching one of the images in the folder. Because of the unique way the Canon 100 camera accesses photos when viewed on the camera, the camera requires these catalog files to display the images in the proper order. The catalog files serve no purpose outside the camera, and many users may not even be aware that they exist. Detective Wilburn certainly did not know of them when asked about them at my trial.
If someone resets the in-camera clock and then views the images in the camera, the camera rewrites the catalog files to reflect creation date/time matching when the clock was reset. From this knowledge it was easy at my trial for Mr. Chuck Westfall from Canon to show that the clock on the 10D camera had been reset shortly after midnight, at a time when the camera had been in the possession of the Radford police for more than four hours. Once the clock had been reset and the images viewed, it was completely impossible to know how the clock had been set when the images were taken. Dr. Massello, the Medical Examiner, testified that without knowing the actual times when the photos were taken, the photos were "just pictures" and had no evidentiary value whatsoever.
By insisting that the times on the photos are accurate, the prosecutor is ignoring clear proof that someone reset the clock while the police had the camera, and that this makes it impossible to determine when the photos were actually taken. In the absence of evidence to the contrary, my testimony that the photos were taken about an hour earlier is supposed to be accepted by the court.
Additionally, the camera used by Detectives Wilburn and Trail, the official police forensic camera, had its internal clock set incorrectly. Photos taken after the police came to my studio in response to my 911 call at 7:05 pm show times starting shortly after 4:00 pm. All of their evidence photos have incorrect times, times about three hours off. The prosecution is trying to hold me to higher standards than the police department's official forensic photography. Digital clocks in equipment are often not set correctly. The EKG taken of Marion after she got to the hospital shows a time before 7:00 pm!
But all of this is really academic. since my photos from that day would be meaningless even if the times were right. See the section on Dr. Massello for details on why this is the case.
This camera was introduced in the spring of 2003. The camera I was using in April, May and June of that year was a very early production model of this camera on loan to me from Canon USA for evaluation.
The EOS 1OD can be set to record images in RAW format or in JPEG format. All of my personal shooting was done in JPEG format.
The camera can be set to record all images with sequential file numbers, or to reset itself back to the beginning each time the CompactFlash card is changed. The camera I used was set for continuous sequential numbering (the factory default setting).
When new, the camera begins with IMG_OOO1.jpg. As photos are taken, the camera creates folders and puts the image files in them. Folders are named CAN001, CAN002, etc., sequentially. The camera creates a new folder after IMG0100.jpg, starting the new folder at IMGO1O1.jpg. Each folder can have a maximum of 100 images. Folders have creation times matching one of the images inside.
While it is possible to delete images in the camera, as a personal policy I never do so, preferring to make any deletions after transferring all images to my computer.
At the end of a given shoot, the last folder will normally have fewer than 100 images. At the beginning of the next shoot, a folder will be created to finish off the 100 from the previous shoot.
Photos I took on June 3, 2003 were recorded onto an IBM Microdrive (1 GB capacity). There are now six folders on that Microdrive with 100 images each and a final folder with 16 images. The probability that I finished the previous day's shoot with the last folder holding exactly 100 images is vanishingly small. In fact, there are 27 images missing between the last image from June 2 and the first image from June 3. Also, the first image from June 3 starts in the middle of a sequence and I clearly remember shooting photos of the whole sequence - a fact confirmed by two witnesses.
Every time the camera finishes a folder of images, it creates a catalog file which is simply a text file listing all images in the folder. These catalog files are stored in another folder called CANONMSC. These CTG files have creation times matching those of the corresponding folders of images.
The Microdrive I used that day now has seven CTG files, just as it should have, but those CTG files have strange creation times. The last image on the Microdrive has creation time of 6:57 p.m. However, the CTG me for the folder containing that image shows a creation time of 12:IO·a.m. the following day. This is significant because the police confiscated the Microdrive and Camera around 8:00 p.m. on June 3. At 12:10 a.m. on June 4 the camera had been in police custody for more than four hours. All seven CTG files have similar creation times after midnight on June 4.
The only way the creation times on CTG files for full folders can be changed is by resetting the camera clock while the Microdrive is in the camera and then viewing the images on the camera. The CTG me creation time can also be changed by deleting images. It appears that both were done to the CTG files on this Microdrive while it was in police custody. The police have admitted to putting the Microdrive back into the camera and viewing the images, but deny doing anything else to them.
The technical information given here on the workings of the EOS IOD has been verified by technical staff at Canon USA who, in turn, verified it with technical staff at Canon in Tokyo. It is conclusive proof that the police tampered with evidence and made innocent photographs appear incriminating. The jury either failed to understand this or simply chose to ignore it.
Mr. Chuck Westfall of Canon USA came and testified at my trial. He brought up all of the technical information above during his testimony. This proved conclusively that there was absolutely no way from the EXIF data to tell when the photos in question were actually taken. The prosecution's main witness, Dr. William Massello, Assistant Chief Medical Examiner, testified that without the exact times, the photos were "just pictures," and told him nothing. In the absence of any evidence to the contrary, my testimony that the photos were taken at least an hour before the EXIF data shows 's the only evidence of the correct time for the photos.


Lenawee County's unemployment rate improved slightly in September as the size of its labor force fell.
Lenawee County's September's jobless rate improved slightly to 10.2 percent although the number of employed workers and the labor force continued to decline. The jobless rate fell from 10.4 percent in August, running counter to a trend of higher rates in most counties in the region last month.
Michigan's unemployment rate declined to 8.3 percent.
"Jobless rates inched up in almost all regional counties in September: Seasonal job gains in the private and public education sectors were more than offset by employment declines in construction and leisure and hospitality," said a report from the Department of Labor and Economic Development released by South Central Michigan Works.
Hillsdale County saw its jobless rate remain at 10.6 percent while Jackson County rose slightly to 9.3 and Washtenaw County to 6.5 percent. Monroe County saw a half-percent decline to 9.5 percent.
The number of Lenawee County workers reported as jobless shrank by 108 to 5,010 last month.
Lenawee County's improved jobless rate is tempered by negative figures for employment and the labor force. The 44,150 employed workers estimated for September is 188 less than August. The labor force shrank by 296 to 49,160 people.
The labor force shrank across Michigan in September as young people returned to school. But the labor force is significantly smaller than it was a year ago, shrinking by 1,245 in Lenawee County. Jackson County's labor force shrank about 2,200 in the past year.
The number of workers with jobs in Lenawee County is down 2,596 over the year. Jackson County has about 3,400 fewer employed workers than a year ago.
Jobless rates are sharply higher than they were a year ago in most counties. Lenawee County's rate is up nearly 3 percent. St. Joseph County's 3.4 percent increase is the highest in the region. St. Joseph County saw 1,450 jobs disappear last month.


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The city of Hoboken, New Jersey continues to suffer greatly after the devastation of Hurricane Sandy. Water from Sandy's surge is still waist-deep in some areas, power continues to be out for many, and food is in short supply.
Amidst it all, folks are still finding a bit of solace in cheering for their favorite sports teams – it's a welcome respite on a Sunday afternoon from what they have been facing every day since Sandy came ashore.
This morning I took a jog down the Hudson Riverbank with the intention of seeing with my own eyes the devastation Hurricane Sandy inflicted on Hoboken, NJ. Frankly, it's worse than I imagined.
Anyway, since yinz'll be playing the Giants here this Sunday, I thought it might be nice if a nod could be given to Hoboken's staunch Steelers fans (shown in the photo sent by Rianna).
I am a lifelong Steeler fan who feels a great affinity for other uprooted fans from the 'Burgh. All things considered, it might just give 'em a welcome lift.
Rianna, it's our pleasure! God bless all that have been affected by Hurricane Sandy!
Both the NFL and the players pledged to donate $1 million dollars to the Red Cross for relief efforts.
Next Sunday, November 11th is Veterans Day!
If you are active military or a veteran and would like to submit your Steelers fan photos to us, we'll add the photo(s) to Ben's Salute to our Military album.
The album is growing with photos from our soldiers in Afghanistan and Iraq, those stationed in South Korea, and closer to home here in the U.S.! We'd like it to grow even more!
One photo will be selected to highlight our Veterans Day post here on the home page next weekend.
Congratulations to RedHawks QB Zac Dysert!
Zac became Miami's career passing leader with a 13-yard completion to Nick Harwell at the 5:34 mark of the third quarter of today's game against Buffalo. He passed Ben, who tallied 10,829 yards from 2001-03.
Ben played in 38 career games for the RedHawks, while today marked Zac's 43rd appearance over the last four years.
You can check out all the spooky, fun, and adorable Halloween photos here!


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Is Your Business Prepared for the Changing Times?
According to a recent Advertising Age article, tablet users are expected to double by early next year. While the number of current tablet users may not seem outrageously high now—only 12% of American internet users (28 million people) are accessing the web through tablets today—a study by the Online Publishers Association and Frank N. Magid Associations predicts that roughly 54 million Americans (23%) will be using tablets for internet access by early next year.
So what does that mean for your business? It means you should seriously be considering the next steps for your online presence. If tablet growth continues at the rate it's going, it won't be long before tablet devices are a staple of the internet browsing experience for your customers, not just a rising trend. So there's no better time than now to get ahead of the curve.
And keep in mind that it's not just tablet use that's growing. At ADwërks, we've seen a similar trend with mobile website usage. One of our clients, CarHop, has seen huge jumps in the number of visits to its mobile website over the past few months. From 3200+ visits in December to 5700+ visits in February up to 7500+ in April and May, the mobile site has seen an increasing number of visits each month and it looks like that trend will only continue moving forward.
It's not hard to see that internet use on tablets and mobile devices will continue to grow in the future. As our dear friend Bob Dylan said, "The Times They Are a-Changin'." It's up to you to decide if your business wants to evolve with the times or stay stuck in the past.
Conferences happen across American on a regular basis. Covering hundreds of industries and thousands of attendees, these conferences create, share and spread millions of ideas every year. The problem is that many of these conferences are held in "big cities"—New York, Los Angeles, Chicago, Austin—and they cost thousands of dollars.
So when given the chance to attend a big city-caliber conference for a fraction of the cost right here in Sioux Falls, I was obviously excited. About 350 other folks were too.
All in all, I can say that the OTA Sessions—founded and hosted by Hugh Weber (also the founder and president of Storyline)—turned my typical Friday into a day of introspection, inspiration and invigoration. More importantly, the event helped me understand the importance of DOING big things, not just thinking big things.
Whether it was Sally Hogshead making me realize that even my "everyday" tasks could be infused with elements of fascination to get better results orDusty Davidson and Jeff Slobotski showing how being passionate about a mission or goal can turn that mission into something amazing, each presenter managed to get my brain juices flowing in his or her own unique way.
Add that to the WIDE array of attendees who shared their wisdom, spoke their minds, and represented the OTA region with originality and action, and you've got yourself a recipe for a memorable conference and a powerful push to accomplish something meaningful over the next 12 months.
I'm already excited for next year's OTA, and I'm pretty sure that excitement will only continue to bubble and build over the upcoming year. I look forward to seeing you there.
Disclaimer: As someone involved with the planning and execution of the OTA Sessions, it would be impossible for me to keep my review totally unbiased. That said, this entire post is sincere and true, both from a co-planner's perspective and from an attendee's perspective. One love.
Photo c/o The OTA Sessions. Thanks OTA!
I have to be honest—I didn't know what to expect when I first signed up to attend the OTA Sessions. I was hoping to get some good pointers and hear a few fun stories along the way. Well, it blew away my expectations. I can honestly say this was one of the more powerful events I've attended in recent years.
I learned a lot at OTA but I wanted to bring up the points that have resonated with me over the past few days.
As Spike Jones told us, movements continue for forever and campaigns have an end date. The movements should propel the brand forward while getting your strongest advocates to be influencers of the movement. We all want to feel like we have a voice—what is more powerful than being a brand champion for the companies you believe in? Or in terms of marketing a company or product—what is more powerful than having passionate influencers out there talking about how much they love your brand? I work as a media buyer so it is easy to think of things in terms of a beginning and end date for each campaign. One of my personal goals is to think of things in terms of a movement as I plan the media buying instead of just focusing on a message for a finite amount of time.
social media tool but we can't forget the people continue to talk about a brand/company offline.
Julien Smith delivered some great advice—feel the burner. It was meant to encourage you to experience what might scare you. He challenged us to take a minute and feel the burner. Sure, you might get burned, but you also might discover something you would've missed out on if you just stuck to your safe and predictable path.
As Mitch Joel mentioned in his presentation, 20% of Google searches each day are searches that have never been done before. This is a great illustration of how fast things are changing. It also reinforces how important it is for online content to continually evolve to embrace the constant changes.
I don't know about you, but I'm filing away everything I've been taught about bullet pointing my presentations. The presentation styles were as captivating as the message each speaker delivered. I will remember the photos that helped tell the story much longer than I will ever remember a bullet point. I can tell you the identity of Spike Jones, see the burner image from Julien Smith, and recall the sculpture Tim Brunelle used to illustrate his journey message. The photos were a powerful reinforcement of what they wanted me to take away from their talk.
Thanks to everyone who put on OTA sessions! I enjoyed the day and am looking forward to seeing what OTA brings in the future.


text:
Trinidad und Tobago nahm an den Olympischen Sommerspielen 2012 in der britischen Hauptstadt in London mit 31 vom Trinidad and Tobago Olympic Committee nominierten Athleten in sechs Sportarten teil.

Seit 1948 war es die 16. Teilnahme Trinidad und Tobagos an Olympischen Sommerspielen.

Medaillen
Mit einer gewonnenen Gold-, einer Silber- und zwei Bronzemedaillen belegte das Team Trinidad und Tobagos Rang 43 im Medaillenspiegel.

Gold
 Keshorn Walcott: Speerwurf

Silber
 Keston Bledman, Marc Burns, Emmanuel Callender, Jamol James und Rondel Sorrillo: 4 × 100-m-Staffel

Bronze
 Lalonde Gordon: 400 m
 Ade Alleyne-Forte, Machel Cedenio, Lalonde Gordon, Deon Lendore, Renny Quow und Jarrin Solomon: 4 × 400-m-Staffel

Teilnehmer nach Sportarten

Boxen

Leichtathletik
Laufen und Gehen

Springen und Werfen

Radsport

Bahn

Schießen

Schwimmen

Segeln
Fleet Race

Einzelnachweise

Trinidad und Tobago
Sommerspiele 2012

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Tagged News for Brent Mcmahon
Canada announces Olympic team for London 2012
12/06/12 - A group of five Canadian athletes are determined to deliver a knock-out punch when they step into the Olympic triathlon ring for the 2012 Games in London, July 27-August 12. Led by wily two-time Olympic... |
Final Olympic qualification update before 2012 ITU World Triathlon Madrid
22/05/12 - The race for a spot on the London 2012 Olympic Games triathlon start list began in Madrid almost exactly two years ago. So it's a perfect symmetry that the Spanish capital is also where it will end this... |
London 2012 Olympic Qualifying update post Sydney WTS
19/04/12 - As the most valuable event in terms of Olympic qualifying points on offer, it's not surprisingly that the first ITU World Triathlon Series of 2012 managed to shake up the London simulation. What's... |
2012 ITU World Cup season continues in Ishigaki
17/04/12 - The ITU World Cup series returns to Ishigaki for an incredible 17th consecutive year in 2012. The small island southwest of Japan's mainland has been on the World Cup circuit since 1996, making it the... |
Sarah-Anne Brault and Tyler Butterfield stun at PATCO Championships
16/01/12 - The first major race of the 2012 produced a pair of surprising results as a newcomer from Canada and a veteran from Bermuda triumphed at the PATCO Pan American Triathlon Championships in La Paz, Argentina... |
PATCO Pan American Triathlon Championships kick off blockbuster 2012
09/01/12 - The 2012 ITU season officially gets underway this weekend, with the best of the Americas heading to Argentina for the 2012 LA Paz PATCO Triathlon Pan American Championships. La Paz has hosted a Pan... |
Strong fields set up close races as ITU World Cup series returns to Colombia
01/11/11 - The penultimate round of the 2011 ITU World Cup series heads to Colombia this weekend. It's the first time that Colombia has hosted a World Cup since 1992, when there was a race in San Andres. This year... |
Reinaldo Colucci outlasts Manuel Huerta for Pan Am Games title
24/10/11 - Brazilian big man Reinaldo Colucci snatched victory at the Pan American Games in Puerto Vallarta today, and stamped it as his career's greatest achievement. "For us in Brazil, Pan American Games is... |
Pre-race quotes from some of the Pan Am Games contenders
22/10/11 - At the athletes pre-race briefing in Puerto Vallarta at the Pan Am Games, we caught up with some of Sunday's contenders to get their insight on who will be their biggest rivals, how they're feeling... |
The XVI Pan American Games Preview: Can the USA get the golden sweep again?
17/10/11 - The XVI Pan American Games officially opened in Guadalajara, Mexico this past Friday while triathlon makes its fifth appearance at the Pan American Games this Sunday, in Mexico's Puerto Vallarta. Across... |
McMahon comes from behind for Tiszaujvaros World cup title
14/08/11 - Canadian veteran Brent McMahon snatched a resurgent victory today at the 2011 Tiszaujvaros ITU Triathlon World Cup. In a thrilling final lap comeback, McMahon denied Great Britain's Aaron Harris pole... |
Two-time Olympic medalist, Simon Whitfield, to lead strong Canadian team in 2010.
20/01/10 - Canada's high-performance triathletes are charging into the 2010 season replete with veteran leadership and podium potential. Building on one of the most successful seasons for Canada's senior-level... |
Athletes head to Austria
06/07/09 - As the Dextro Energy Triathlon – ITU World Championship moves to Europe for the summer, the triathlon circuit returns to the picturesque town of Kitzbühel nestled away in the Alps. Famed for its winter... |
Canada Set Out 2012 Plans
08/06/09 - At a press conference held in Vancouver on Monday, Triathlon Canada unveiled a team who they hope can bring further Olympic medal success in 2012. The organisation has recruited an enhanced Canadian-made... |
North American dominance in Cancun
07/11/07 - Reigning Pan Am Games gold medalist Julie Ertel of the United States won her first career world cup in Cancun, highlighting a gold-bronze finish for the Americans. Frances Carole Peon celebrated her... |
Whitfield victorious in Cancun
04/11/07 - Simon Whitfield won his third world cup title of the year and the tenth of his career in Cancun today, in a thrilling sprint finish with fellow Canadian Paul Tichelaar who earned his first world cup... |
Americans sweep Pan American Games
17/07/07 - Andy Potts of the United States is the new Pan American Games champion. Potts led for most of the race, crossing the line in a time of 1 hour 52 minutes and 31 seconds, 7 seconds faster than silver... |
Potts wins PanAm Games
Whitfield and Groves Win in Brampton
02/07/06 - Simon Whitfield and Lauren Groves won the Brampton ITU Triathlon Pan American Cup and the Canadian National Championships. Canada's Simon Whitfield won his record setting sixth National Title and... |
McGlone & Whitfield Win ITU Kelowna Pan American Cup
22/08/05 - The ITU Kelowna Pan American Cup was also the site of this year's Canadian National Triathlon Championships. The triathlon weekend continued on Sunday with over 1,000 Age Groupers who were attempting... |
Rehula and Looze win in Tongyeong
13/06/05 - In the men's event, Sydney Olympic Medalist Jan Rehula came back showing off his splendid performance at the first triathlon as Korea national team coach. Canadian Brent McMahon came out of water first... |

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Do we have a central location for all things "game" in 5.x? Thanks.
Jive Gamification, Engagement, and Rewards - Clarification: Sam Yothers would like Installation & Setup instructions for an on premise installation. Thanks!


The MDS-40-LP sensors are specially designed for large volume production from 2,000 pieces or more. As these sensors are reduced to pure measurement technology, the creation of cost-effective PCB sensors was possible. Their flat design and flexible arrangement of the magnets allows easy integration in restricted spaces. Measured values are output via a rectangular signal, which is easily evaluated via, for example, digital inputs from micro-controllers.


Slavery in Africa: Did the US cause the current crisis in Libya?
Okay so I had a cool intro planned. I was going to talk about how, despite us being from different parts of the diaspora, Black people from every corner of the world should condemn what's taking place in Libya right now.
I like to write with a bit of flair and being anecdotal or constructing a cool metaphor has been my go-to method of writing the introductions for these articles up until now. Due to the severity of what's going on in Libya though, I think now's as good a time as any to cut to the chase.
Just as an update for those who may not be in the know: Slave auctions and slavery in Libya have come to the forefront of news media in the past few weeks.
Though slavery has been a centuries old issue both in Africa and the world over; This current situation has some... unique causes. Though a number of things can be considered catalysts for Libya's current issues; some people blame U.S. intervention for the countries current woes.
Let's take a trip back to 2011.
It was during the spring of that year where one name kept popping up: Muammar Qaddafi. This Libyan leader was met by the rebellion of his own people who considered his leadership oppressive.
The US and NATO soon intervened and, though they were successful in overthrowing Qaddafi, their actions lead to the destabilization of Libya. This destabilization is what many feel lead to Libya's current climate.
With the nation's Government infrastructure now in shambles due to their lack of leadership, Libya has essentially become a land of the lawless. It's in this land of the lawless that the slave trade has unfortunately found new life.
What's most disturbing about all of this to me is that the US seems very uninterested in intervening this time. The threat of Qaddafi was enough to spur a reaction from not only the US but also the United Nations.
Sadly, there seems to be no such urgency this time around.
Though news outlets have evolved from being quietly indifferent about Libya to occasional reports about the subject in the past few weeks, our government has remained pretty indifferent despite any form of slavery pretty much embodying human rights violation.
Seeing my people suffer through something that we've endured for centuries in this modern age is really heartbreaking.You'd think in 2017 with all liberal politics rampant throughout our modern world that these sorts of things wouldn't happen anymore.
Despite that, here we see black people suffering as we've done for decades.
The world at large seems to have adopted America's benign neglect and mentality. The only way to combat this mentality is to make sure that we as citizens talk about Libya and make sure that the suffering of human beings doesn't get lost in a sea of entertainment news.


The Johns Hopkins Headache Center is committed to headache research and providing individualized care to select patients with headaches or facial pain disorders.
Our main goal at the Johns Hopkins Headache Center is to investigate causes and therapies and provide interventions that can improve our patients' quality of life.
Although most headaches are not life threatening and cannot be identified from a brain scan or blood test, we take them seriously.
Headaches may cause substantial discomfort, and may severely affect an individual's ability to perform at work or at school, enjoy family and social events or even carry on normal daily activities.
Our team of experts collaborates to diagnose and provide pain management for primary headaches such as migraines as well as those caused by underlying medical conditions that may require prompt diagnosis and treatment.
The Johns Hopkins Headache Center is conveniently located at the Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center. We are currently accepting new adult and pediatric patients. Call 410-550-5624 and choose option 1, then option 6.
call 410-550-5624, option 1 then option 6.


Marwa Elshakry is an Associate Professor at the Department of History, Columbia University. She is co-navigator of FLOATS.
Jina Talj is an environmental scientist and marine ecologist, who has worked in the environment field in Lebanon for more than eight years. She is the founder of Diaries of the Ocean.
Yaser Abunnasr is an Assistant Professor at the Department of Landscape Design and Ecosystem Management, American University of Beirut.


Paul Stramer - Lincoln County Watch: We Delivered. And Now We Need Your Help.
Bit by bit and day by day, we are helping to drain the swamp, educate Americans, and doing our yeoman's service to defend our countrymen.
We have discovered the "Smoking Gun" that proves high level collusion aimed at robbing the American people of their homes via foreclosure and credit fraud in the offices of INTERPOL and the USAG and the Wells Fargo Bank and the local Bar Associations that have allowed "judges" to foreclose with one hand and buy back foreclosed homes with credit lines based on the victim's own home equity with the other.
We are all volunteers. Nobody draws a salary. We can't possibly do this without your help, your prayers, and your material support.
One thing is for certain--- we can't just stand around waiting for some "grand tomorrow" or some magical RV to fall out of the sky. If we want it, we've got to make it happen. Everything we have accomplished so far has been done the hard way and when we look each other in the eye, we all know that we have to build that "tomorrow" today.
Thank you Anna, so so very much, and I personally am so thankful and gracious for you Paul and cookie and anyone else, whom may of assisted you in these bloodshed battles against these demonic beings..
I'll be damned if I sit back piggy back riding off of all you guys blood & sweet and not help..
You've done miraculous work on our behalves, I'll tell you, I wouldn't have known where to start in all of this, I've been assisted with the foreclosure in the beginning from a couple good guys I've come across, but then you had soulutions!!☝ and I had to do a turn, and have found my relief through your blogs , in which I'm so grateful for, all praises to you and your crew Anna.
I mean what I say and I'm gonna work on something today!
Do you have a bitcoin public address?
No, we haven't expanded into BitCoin or any of the other cryptocurrency products yet. Frankly, it isn't directly translate-able into the kinds of bills our people face. So, just the old standards.... for now.
Count me in, Anna. Thanks for leading the charge!
Like to communicate this on a talk show forum but need more details .names dates places.
I recognize the accomplishments Ron Paul likes to say hit em in the pocket book the federal Reserve cash cow ,add zeros to the ledger, free money at the discount window,fractional banking . Texans answer metal depository buy metal it's stable then you can wright checks to buy groceries .
Thank you Judge Anna; However in Washington State, the thieves and corporate courts are still helping each others stealing everything we make (meaning common people they perceive as stupid). They do not follow their own rule of law, they do not care what we say, or make reference to your legal defense assistance. They simply want to steal everything blatantly in court by taking people Right to Due Process away, to Jury Demand, to own property, etc.. They simply want to steal all without having to prove that the thieve papers are fake, invalid and forged. Judicial Fraud is rampant. The Governor also does not care to respond to any letter we wrote. When we called him up, his secretary defends him saying the Governor has no say to what his Judges say or do, but he appointed those (unqualified) Judges to help the thieves stealing our properties. She said by Process the Governor appointed those Judges, including Judges of WA Supreme Court. In other words they're telling us to blame the wrong-doings on his immune Judges. The Thieves and so-called Government are robbing us alive, it does not matter what the top governments are saying. They are the State of States, the franchise of the Fed. Corporation, per 28 USC 3002 (15)(A). What do you think Judge Anna?
I think there is a reckoning coming, and it will no longer delay.
Well it better come quick, because there is a senate bill right now...S 1241 "Combating Money Laundering, Terrorist financing, and Counterfieting Protection law". As usual it sounds good, right. Wrong!! If this bill passes everyone will be required to fill a form out, stating all your assets, including "cryptocurrencies" like "bitcoin". And if they find out you lied or witheld any info, not only can they take the unreported asset you didnt list, they can also take your lock box contents at the bank and just about anything else. Its a WAR on cash and hidden assets. Of course Diane Fienstien of Calif. is one of the writters of the bill along with 3 other senators. I dont know if Trump is aware of this bill or not, but if he isnt briefed on its real agenda, he might sign it. These Dems are something else. But there is a lot going on behind the scenes that the fake media isnt reporting on, like several polititions being arrested, etc. Trump is trying to clean the swamp, but will it be enough and in time before WW3 STARTS...???
I tell you what, if it does, by some stretch of the imagination, get passed into law, all Hell will break loose across our land and it WILL be WW III, Civil War II, no doubt about it. People are waking up fast. Our life coaching/business consulting is helping to spread the word and get people unhitched to the system, but, I must agree, James...will it be too late? Or, will this, by some miracle in human perception and action, be "all in perfect, divine timing"?
Pinkham, they may not regard or respect you, but they are scared to death of the IRS. Most of them are knee deep and deeper involved in tax evasion and they know it. A court complaint is a security instrument which they monetize and get paid for and then do not report the income. Their activities cannot see the light of day. Waiving a W-9 around in court and requiring them to report on themselves is like holding a cross to a vampire so to speak. Some will run out of the back of courtroom. For non-US CITIZENS, the IRS-CID is our new best friend. Villains beware...there's a new Sheriff in town!
My idea is for us to create "Civilian Land Patrol" units wherever we are: county, district, subdivision, etc. Police the police and public officials, on the streets and in the courthouses, which could work in conjunction with the Jural Assemblies, of course. "Be advised you are now under a Civilian Inquiry and anything you say or do could incriminate you and lead to your possible arrest and conviction for violations of Title 28 USC 1985, Title 18 USC 241," etc., etc.
by chance do you have a process to help us with our mortgages if we are still current on our payments?
Amen, Anna! You've done more than all U.S. Presidents combined to assist the people of this great land. I will pitch in what I can for the Effort.
Where is the proof that any of such accomplishments have worked and have saved anyone's home from foreclosure, or eliminated any illegal tax, or fraudulent court practice, etc., even one case? Where's the proof that the bond is effective? If this proof exist, please post these successful situations for the public to see. This will motivate people in the millions. Thank you.
Obviously, you haven't been following along and haven't read the posting and documents that have accompanied this entire effort from Day One.
There are over 600 articles posted on my website and I do not propose to comb through them and point out which ones have document attachments of the kind that you demand for your edification. That's your job.
Simple question. Where is the proof?
No disrespect, and I didn't anticipate getting my head chewed. The delivery of proof is not for my edification, and I'm not asking you to comb through 600 articles or anything for that matter.
In de jure law; it's not just what you say; it's what you can prove.
I have read many aspects of truth and color on that website, and certainly not all 600 articles. Instead of answering the question by someone who is the highest qualified by knowledge, and most familiar to deliver the proof; in turn; telling someone to do their job to find "just one" proven successful situation out of the entire 600 plus articles is truthfully not being straight forward.
All I am saying is that without a doubt - out of all the hard work put in what was "delivered" can anyone post any proof of successful situations for the benefit of the millions of people that would become motivated to contribute the federal reserve notes that you are seeking for your efforts being done voluntarily.
I would think that we are all on the same side (from the weakest to the strongest) standing against a monstrous common enemy.
Just sayin. And, I'm not sorry for asking.
If no one can provide any proof; you just can't provide it.
The lack of proof will simply be a caveat for the people with respect to what they are being told as a part of their research and study.
Truthseeker, your logic is backwards. Where is the proof that anyone is saving their home from foreclosure through the courts and the current Just-us system? Where is the proof that anyone has eliminated any illegal tax or fraudulent court case practise through hiring regular BAR Card carrying Liars, ..eh.. Lawyers, who do not represent you but are officers of the same court that is prosecuting you? Where is the proof of YOUR bond and of its effectiveness? If you have read any of Anna's postings, you would see that Anna herself is living proof that she has not only tamed the IRS beast but has even turned them into her best friends and made them her own private pitbull and ours to sic on all non-believers. But I have a question for you. Where else can you turn for redemption of your issues? Do you have anything better? Please pray tell and do share as we would all like to know. You have some studying to do, my friend. But you still want proof, you say? Just one case? How about 20? Well then, check out this post from Anna from one year ago: http://www.paulstramer.net/2016/06/the-living-law-firm-20-to-nothing-on.html. Out of 20 foreclosures, 20 homes have been saved through Anna's Living Law Firm! Now that is some pretty good odds and proof a plenty, wouldn't you say?
Simple question. Where is the proof?... without your added words, phrases, and definitions that I didn't write. Proof would motivate millions to contribute in many ways. Just sayin.
Nonetheless, thank you for the link that you provided as proof for which in de jure law - proves nothing.
Are there transcripts of the precedings that the victors would be willing to post? It would be great for those in this situation unable to get assistance from this proper council to at least read as many of them as possible to get a good comprehensive look at what is effective in these cases.
I too would like to see some detail and documentation regarding these foreclosure cases.
No time, no answers, no citations, no evidence of wins, no organization. Just blah blah blah, blah, blah. SOMETHING IS NOT ADDING UP HERE. Good luck with that.
Truthseeker, forgive me, I didn't mean to bite off your head, just to screw it on right. But please tell me... how does one submit proof of the IRS suddenly falling silent after submitting Anna's paperwork to them? How would one submit proof of a local IRS tax collector ceasing his collection activity for fear of personal liability after his nose is rubbed in a copy of the same paperwork? How does one submit proof of not paying a mortgage bill for over 7 years and they are still in their house? How does one show proof of having changed their political status from US CITIZEN to American National by filing all of Anna's suggested correction paperwork? Yes, one could post all of their documents and filings but how would that help you or anyone else when they have not done it for themselves? My paperwork and filings will not help you one iota in your situation. The 20 people that Anna and her team helped to shut down their foreclosures, are all individuals that have a right to keep their filings private. If they would like to post them, that is up to them and not up to Anna. Perhaps they would not like to expose it on this public forum for concern of retaliation by any public trolls that could be monitoring this site? But let's suppose for a minute that one of them did post all their case filings, docket numbers and subsequent dismissal, how would that help you? Would you now all of sudden become a believer and start working the process? I don't think so. If you have not done anything up until now to correct your political status, you never will. No matter how much proof is flung at you.
Now, that is where you are wrong. I have offered literally hundreds of proofs in several venues---- 11 pages, single-spaced, type-written in my book "Disclosure 101" and basically 300 pages with proof and citations scattered throughout in our book "You Know Something Is Wrong When....An American Affidavit of Probable Cause" and all through 600 articles there have been proofs and documents posted. It isn't up to me to do anything more, nor is it my job to convince you or anyone else of anything. My "job" such as it is, is to provide you with information so you can do your own due diligence and get your own brain up to speed to really think about and investigate on your own. Period.
Just exactly what is it that you think I owe you? Let me be very blunt, I didn't owe it to you to write one word or provide one proof. And Paul Stramer doesn't owe it to anyone to post the information, either. We did this purely in the interest of sharing what we found out so that other people could benefit and so that hopefully, we could all wake up and get this country back on track. That's it. This isn't a court case nor is it a public debate nor am I under any obligation to you, though you are indeed under obligation to yourselves and to your country to dig and delve.
If you want to pay taxes you don't owe, go right ahead. If you want to serve the government instead of having the government serve you, go right ahead. If you want to fly the war flag instead of the peace flag, who is going to stop you? If you want to be bullied by "law enforcement" officers under the false presumption that you are subject to British Martial Law, who am I to object? Hop to it, I say, and I hope you are happy with your circumstance.
Anna, you don't owe me a crumb, and I never said directly or implied that you did, Period.
I never started any debate. Period. I only asked a simple question of proof that would motivate millions to contribute to your efforts.
To my surprise; you, Anna, and the other guy; 1FreeMan initiated all types of wrongful insinuations and assumptions about me - for whom neither of you know anything about when the question of proof was simple, and never personal.
1FreeMan… I accept your apology, however, asking more questions to answer questions – are not answers. Period.
I have already bought, sent her federal reserve notes, and read both of Anna's books, more than once, and then spread the word for others to purchase them as well, and I am grateful for what she had published even though the books are missing critical information on the initial 1302 Unam Sanctum fraud, as with other succeeding fraudulent papal bulls (collective doctrine of discovery), and missing the on-going inquisition against the aboriginal indigenous native people of the American Lands; Jus sanguinis; Jus soli; heirs apparent; as well as, the initial fraud against the aboriginal indigenous native people of the entire earth where the Pope/Pontiff's diabolical acts against "We The People" negates ALL terra claims by any Colonial Inquisitionist Europeans of the Roman Curia, and their modern European descendants calling themselves American, Australian, Afrikaan, etc., as opposed to European.
I was under the impression that Anna and her followers were of the few Europeans; like some of the European deists (they call their founding fathers) that would uphold fairness and the actual truths that are being revealed in these wonderful days by people such as, Santos Bonacci, Taj Tarik Bey, Sevan Bomar, etc; instead of the fraudulent birthright theft, land grab, and exclusions against all aboriginal indigenous native peoples.
Proof is impossible to provide unless the people that had successful situations come forward and give their information; which would have been a simple answer to give without all the added specious insinuations, and defensive semantics.
Nevertheless, to ALL people… Caveat emptor.
Our point back to you is that we spent forty years digging into the underbelly of the Beast and we documented it all in plain English as we went and shared all that information as we found it for free.
It's there in front of you in over a thousand pages of reports and documents filed and available online from "government" sources.
Gaining an understanding of the actual history of this country is going to cost you some real effort even after other people have done the hard work of delving it out of the musty records.
You will also have to think for yourself and reason your way through things. Here is an example.
The FACT is that the Civil War was never declared by Congress and never settled by a peace treaty.
The further FACT is that in order to be considered a "war" it must have been declared properly and it must have been ended with a treaty of peace.
We can prove the first facts by the ABSCENCE of documents that SHOULD be present.
We can prove the other facts from citations of law.
But at the end of the day you still have to reason through it, come to your own conclusions, and act accordingly.
PS-- we are ALL "aboriginals" and we have ALL been enslaved by this system of things, and no, I do not encourage childish games of "I was here first!" Or. "My scars are uglier than yours!" Because all that does is cause more victim hood and more division among people who should be facing a common enemy together.
as for the Trusts set up by the Roman Catholic Church over the course of over 700 years, they are what they are and they are published online. All you have to do is check out a few search engines and hit search. Why am I suddenly responsible either for doing that for you or telling you what to think about it?
Many people are offended by the idea of a World Trust and well they might be. That does not change the fact that the Church embarked on this course and took action to make it a reality.
Now we have to deal with the reality they created.
If my neighbor decided to go into the hog farming business, I would have to deal with that, too.
Ever since I exposed the existence of the World Trust to people I have been getting attacks from people like you who somehow think I am responsible for it. Am I responsible for the existence of say, Golden Gate Bridge?
So why do people think that I owe some big explanation and apology for the existence of the Workd Trust? Is this just because I brought it to your attention and you want to learn more or is it because it offends you and you want to complain about the hog farm next door?
I just don't "get" where you are coming from and why you present this image of being helpless to use a browser when you are obviously not, and seem intent on blaming me for things that are just as obviously not my fault or making.
We hear in Calif. are dealing with Jerry Brown, who seems hell bent on taking everyones bank accounts and any other assets he can get his hands on, just to build his pathetic high speed railway system which is draining the state for billions. He obviously took a bribe from criminal syndacates(banks) and now has to make good on his promise. His latest ploy is to add a 0.12 cent gas tax to generate more cash for his pet project. And this after he diverted funds ($4 hundred million) for the reconstruction of the Oravile Dam, which almost was destroyed this last rainy season. He is out of control. And Californians are pissed. They do not want him to get away with this anymore. This party is over. And Chris, I love your idea of a "Civilian Land Patrol" as oversite over all local city and county officials. Ive been trying to promote that same idea for some time now. But it has to be recognized and respected with that authority by the courts, including the federal courts, or they will be deemed to be "terrorist". How do we get past that. Thats the question. It could possibly start with a very small community where the population is so small that everyone could agree to do it....like Big Lakes, Alaska..!!! But their has to be some oversite by "private persons"(non US CITIZENS), over all law enforcement so they can be educated about their real authority or face jail time. Right now, they oversee themselves. And it is rare indeed, that any officer is ever held accountable for their actions, other than a one week suspension of his job, and usually with pay. That is not oversite...!!!
1freeman....That site you quoted doesnt exsist. Did you list it right. Because when you try and go to that site it brings up judge Annas site, but says it no longer exsist. Whats up with that....???
That was it. Thanks Paul.


text:
Man City star in most awkward advert placement ever following Liverpool loss
22/11/2015 | 04:24pm
Barring some miraculous event like Eric Cantona coming out of retirement to re-sign for Manchester United or Arsenal boss Arsene Wenger revealing he's been having an affair with the Gunnersaurus Rex for 00:01 am on Monday morning, Liverpool's 4-1 win over Manchester City will be the biggest story of the Premier League's weekend.
Indeed, many tipped the Citizens to come out on top, having averaged over three goals per game at the Etihad Stadium prior to yesterday's game, but the Reds netted thrice within the first half an hour and eventually recorded a rather comfortable, albeit rather unexpected, win over the Premier League title favorites.
Resultantly, the vast majority of British newspapers dedicated a double-page spread to discussing the Etihad romping in today's publications – including the Mirror. But somebody working for the red top tabloid has clearly let the ball slip, making themselves a pretty strong candidate for worst advert placement of the year award.
Joe Hart – yes, the Manchester City No.1 who let in four goals yesterday – finds his 'unbeatable' Head and Shoulders advert campaign placed directly below the Liverpool match report. Awkward.
Quality piece of ad placement  https://t.co/69sQYuNMtf pic.twitter.com/MvYSMHhkhx
— FootballFanCast.com (@FootballFanCast) November 22, 2015


Just like that: it's the end of November. It seemed like we barely had time to clear the jack-o-lanterns from our front stoops, and Thanksgiving was upon us. Now the feast is over, and Black Friday has (thankfully) come and gone. Once again, we've started the festively frantic countdown to Christmas, and it's time to take a deep breath and dive in. And what would the holiday season be without a few rollicking parties?


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Q: You said BMW was wanting in on India for a long time. How long was this period of wanting in?
A: It was really long but we wanted the market to be receptive to our type of motorcycle. Normally once the national sales company begins operations we see how the market matures and then we move in.
Q: Could you elaborate on what you mean by your type of motorcycle?
A: I think a BMW motorcycle is always well known for its technology, engineering capability and craftsmanship plus also its build quality. It also has to be capable of doing long distance riding without any problems but while remaining honest about being able to perform in a natural rather than a contrived way. The combination of all this coupled to BMW's brand heritage and also its future orientation is a very unique mix that appeals to customers.
Q: A BMW built in India, how big a statement is that?
A: Coming into India and manufacturing in India was a very strategic move. From there on to identify a product to focus on this market meant identifying the right partner with the requisite experience of this market. A partner we could rely on and also work with for the long term. Also the bike was to be built not just for India but also for our global markets so what we will sell in India is the same we will ship to the US, to Brazil, to Europe and so on with the same craftsmanship and quality.
Q: When is the G 310 coming to India?
A: We are planning to introduce both the G 310 R and the GS version in the second half of 2018.
A: It is hard to outline but it has all to do with our brand on a worldwide scale which focuses on its premium perch. We would always want to be in a premium position which might not be within the reach of all customers but that's our foundation, our core. Our bikes are for those who aspire high and for that we have to give time for our top end bikes to become established and then usher in the 310. This move to establish a sales channel is vital for our big bikes and from there on we will focus massively on the 310.
Q: How big is your sales channel for your big bikes then?
A: We have four dealers in place and maybe going forward we could double that.
Q: That's a drop in the ocean for a country so vast like ours!
A: Yes our project strategy is different because we want our big bikes to create the brand shaper impression for the 310 so then the acceptance of the small bike falls within the DNA core we seek to share with customers.
Q: Tell us something about what you see and have learned from TVS?
A: Our partnership with TVS is a very trustworthy one and even though we had to learn each other's cultures we have an open relationship with them. It's a technology partnership but mainly I can call it a manufacturing partnership. Both of us will fine tune our respective offerings in line with our individual brands and in that way there is some shared knowledge between the two of us.


Unpleasant surprise: finding out you forgot to pay your taxes.
Pleasant surprise: finding the delicious whole cherry inside each dark chocolate cordial!
Box contains 6 pounds of Dark Chocolate Cordial Cherries Candy... that's about 180 pieces.
Shipping Weight ~ 7 lbs. Kosher Certified.


(Bloomberg) -- Fund managers who pick stocks for a living just watched a good year turn sour. That may not be such a bad thing for everyone else.
It's an old theory, but one with a basis in improbable pieces of data: the S&P 500's record of rallying in the fourth quarter, which has happened 25 times in 30 years. Even crazier is the index's propensity to rise after a midterm election. In 18 instances since 1946, it's always gone up.
Fun-with-statistics? Maybe. But some see a logical pattern, one in which active managers who have struggled for 10 months dash into aggressive bets as the clock winds down. As investors bask in what passes for calm after the worst month in seven years, bulls are hoping for a repeat.
Characterizing trends in equities is tough right now. The Nasdaq 100 just had a two-day drop that would've ranked with the worst of 2017, though framed against the prevailing turmoil can be viewed as a blip in a two-week rally. October was the worst month since 2011, but two gains in the Nasdaq 100 over the last 10 days exceeded 3 percent. That also hasn't happened since 2011.
Whatever the case, it's been a trial for fund managers. Coming off a banner month in September, with 68 percent beating benchmarks, large-cap active managers took it on the chin over the next five weeks. When the dust cleared, only 39 percent were ahead of their index, compared with 55 percent at this time last year, Bank of America data show.
At the same time, the sell-off tempered valuations, with the S&P 500's 12-month forward price-to-earnings sliding to the lowest since 2016. That's given money managers like Scott Colyer, chief executive officer at Advisors Asset Management, a reason to step in.
There's evidence hedge funds are in on it too. Technology and consumer stocks may have led the sell-off last month, but rather than bail, hedge funds ramped up exposure, buying those two groups more than any other in the last five days of October, Goldman Sachs data show.
Research from JPMorgan also suggests hedge funds have built up their broad equity positions from low levels. They're under pressure as Nov. 15 approaches, the deadline for many investors to put managers on notice to withdraw money. It's notable that more than $10 billion was pulled from hedge funds before they even gave up all their gains for the year.
If history is any guide, they should have some help from seasonality. Since 1988, the S&P 500 has closed higher in the fourth quarter more than 80 percent of the time, returning nearly 5 percent on average. Add in an election year and calculate from the October low, and that gain more than doubles, according to LPL Research. From the bottom on Oct. 29 this year, we're already about halfway there, the S&P 500 up 5.3 percent since.


text:
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The Joint Committee on Public Petitions charged with receiving and considering petitions from members of the public was formally established by an order of the Dáil on 12th of July 2016. We are now pleased to inform members of the public who wish to submit a Petition that the facility for the electronic submission of Petitions to the Committee is available.
The establishment of the petitions system will enable greater citizen interaction with the parliamentary system on matters of general public concern or interest. Only one signature is needed to submit a petition.
The Joint Committee on Public Petitions
The Joint Committee on Public Petitions ('the Committee') is a Parliamentary Committee consisting of TDs and Senators. It usually meets fortnightly, during its meetings the Committee considers petitions at different stages of deliberation.
This parliamentary petitions system presents an important avenue for individuals to participate in the democratic process, through the petitions process. Members of the public are able to take their policy concerns directly to the heart of Parliament and to influence the parliamentary agenda.
Consideration of Petitions by the Committee
The Committee in considering a petition may invite the petitioner to appear before it to speak on the subject matter. It may also seek oral or written evidence from the relevant Government Department, as well as other appropriate bodies or stakeholders.
The Committee, in considering a petition may also:
refer the petition to any other Committee with a request for further consideration and report back to the Committee;
refer the petition to the Ombudsman, another Ombudsman or a regulatory public body or a body established for the purpose of redress.
Following consideration of any oral and/or written evidence received, the Committee may make a decision on what further action it wishes to take. This action includes reporting to the Dáil/Seanad with recommendations, including a request that the report be debated by the Dáil/Seanad.
If the Committee considers that no further action is required the petition will be closed. The Petitioner will be notified of the Committee's consideration of the matter and its final decision.
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Petitions have to be addressed to the Houses of the Oireachtas; be on a matter of general public concern or interest in relation to the legislative powers of the Houses of the Oireachtas or be an issue of public policy.
A petition is admissible if it:
relates to matters on which the Houses of the Oireachtas have the power to act;
complies with Standing Orders and is in proper form;
is not sub-judice, i.e. does not relate to a case where court proceedings have been initiated and which is to be heard before a jury or is then being heard before a jury;
does not contain the name or names of individuals;
does not contain language which is offensive or defamatory;
is not the same as, or is not in substantially similar terms to, a petition brought by or on behalf of the same person, body corporate or unincorporated association during the lifetime of that Dáil/Seanad and which was closed by agreement of the Committee;
is not frivolous, vexatious or otherwise does not constitute an abuse of the petitions system;
does not require the Committee to consider an individual complaint which has been the subject of a decision by the Ombudsman, by another Ombudsman, or by a regulatory public body or a body established for the purpose of redress.
Advice on admissibility can be obtained from the secretariat to the Committee whose contact details are provided at the end.
Petitioners have to demonstrate that they have already taken steps to resolve the issue raised in their petition, for example, through raising it with the Ombudsman, public bodies, or directly with the relevant Government Department.
Further information and advice on the petitions process to the Houses of the Oireachtas can be obtained from:
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Petitions Tel: 01-6184215
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text:
Q: How to use the alphabeta pruning for connect four like game Could someone be so kind to help me understand how to use the alpha-beta pruning algorithm? I'm making a game similar to connect four. The only differences is there is no diagonal win, and a player can mark an square at any given time (unless it is already occupied, of course). I think I understand how to code the algorithm, I just think I am using it wrong. What I have been doing is having a for loop that looks something like this
for(i=0; i<size; i++)
    for(j=0; j<size; j++)
        val = alphabeta();
            if(val > max)
                max = val;
                move = set(i,j);
setBoard(move); //sets the to the returned value from alphabeta()

the problem I am having is that the first run of alphabeta returns the max val, so therefore none of the next values are greater, and the board will just be set at board[0][0]. Does anyone know what I am doing wrong?
public int alphabeta(Placement place, int depth, int alpha, int beta, boolean maxPlayer)
{

    Placement p = null;
    if(depth==0 || board.isWinner())
    {
        return evaluate(place, maxPlayer);
    }
    if(maxPlayer)
    {
        int i=0, j=0;
        for(i=0; i<board.size; i++)
        {
            for(j=0; j<board.size; j++)
            {
                if(board.validMove(i,j)&&(board.canGetFour(i,j, opponent)&&board.canGetFour(i,j,player)))
                {
                    board.board[i][j] = opponent;
                    p = new Placement(i, j);
                    alpha = Math.max(alpha, alphabeta(p, depth-1, alpha, beta, false));
                    board.board[i][j] = 0;
                }

                if(beta<=alpha)
                    break;
            }
            if(beta<=alpha)
                break;
        }
        return alpha;
    }
    else
    {
        int i=0, j=0;
        for(i=0; i<board.size; i++)
        {
            for(j=0; j<board.size; j++)
            {
                if(board.validMove(i,j)&&(board.canGetFour(i,j,opponent)&&board.canGetFour(i,j,player)))
                {
                    board.board[i][j] = player;
                    p = new Placement(i, j);
                    beta = Math.min(beta, alphabeta(p, depth-1, alpha, beta, true));
                    System.out.println(board);
                    board.board[i][j] = 0;
                }
                if(beta<=alpha)
                    break;
            }
            if(beta<=alpha)
                break;
        }
        return beta;
    }
}

This is the function that makes the move
public void makeMove()
{
    int max = -1;
    Placement p = null;
    int val = -1;
    for(int i=0; i<size; i++)
        for(int j=0; j<size; j++)
        {
            if(board.validMove(i, j))
            {
                if(board.canGetFour(i, j, opponent)||(board.canGetFour(i,j,player)&&board.canGetFour(i,j,opponent)))
                {
                    board.board[i][j] = player;
                    val = alphabeta(new Placement(i,j), 5, -5000, 5000, true);
                    board.board[i][j] = 0;
                    if(val > max)
                    {
                        max = val;
                        p = new Placement(i, j);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    board.board[p.row][p.col] = player;
    board.moves++;
}

So here's my updated code, still not working
public Placement alphabeta(Placement p)
{
    int v = max(p,6,-500000, 500000);
    return successors(v);
}
public int max(Placement p, int depth, int alpha, int beta)
{
    if(depth == 0 || board.isWinner())
    {
        return evaluateMax(p,player);
    }
    int v = -500000;
    for(int i=0; i<successors.size(); i++)
    {
        Placement place = new Placement(successors.get(i));
        board.board[place.row][place.col] = player;
        v = Math.max(v, min(place, depth-1, alpha,beta));
        board.board[place.row][place.col] = 0;
        if(v>= beta)
            return v;
        alpha = Math.max(alpha, v);
    }
    return v;
}
public int min(Placement p, int depth, int alpha, int beta)
{
    if(depth == 0||board.isWinner())
    {
        return evaluateMax(p,opponent);
    }
    int v = 500000;
    for(int i=0; i<successors.size(); i++)
    {
        Placement place = new Placement(successors.get(i));
        board.board[place.row][place.col] = opponent;
        v = Math.min(v, max(place,depth-1, alpha,beta));
        board.board[place.row][place.col] = 0;
        if(v<= alpha)
            return v;
        beta = Math.min(alpha, v);
    }
    return v;
}
public void makeMove()
{
    Placement p = null;
    for(int i=0; i<successors.size(); i++)
    {
        Placement temp = successors.get(i);
        //board.board[temp.row][temp.col] = player;
        p = alphabeta(temp);
        //board.board[temp.row][temp.col] = 0;
    }
    System.out.println("My move is "+p.row + p.col);
    board.board[p.row][p.col] = player;
    successors.remove(p);
}

I changed the algorithm slightly just so I can clearly see what going on with min and max, however, it still does not play correctly

A: Ok, took some time but I think I have it.
In your evaluate function, you should be returning how good the state is for the actual player. If placement is a canGetFour for the "otherPlayer", that is a bad state (the worst state). So you return a small number. However, if placement is a canGetFour for the "actualPlayer" you return a large number (its a good state).
Then in your makeMove, you are just checking whether the state is the best state possible. Note, that using a 2d array for this is just about the least efficient way of storing the "child nodes". It would make a lot more sense to have a placement.getPossibleMoves() which returns an array of all the empty squares (both real and temporary), and iterate over that. Otherwise your algorithm is going to be exponential time in the order of the board size.
private Placement bestNext;
private List<Placement> tempMoves = new ArrayList<>();
private int alpha;
private int beta;

public int alphabeta(Placement place, int depth, boolean maxPlayer)
{
    Placement p = null;
    if(depth == maxDepth){/* (unnasigned squares in actual board) */
       return evaluate(place, maxPlayer)
    }
    int i=0, j=0;
    for(i=0; i<board.size; i++)
    {
        for(j=0; j<board.size; j++)
        {
            if(board.validMove(i,j)){
                p = new Placement(i, j);
                tempMoves.add(placement);
                int tmp = Math.max(alpha, alphabeta(p, depth += 1, actualPlayer.getOpponent()));
                if(maxPlayer){
                  alpha = tmp
                }
                else{
                  beta = tmp
                }
                tempMoves.remove(placement);
            }

            if(beta<=alpha)
                break;
        }
        if(beta<=alpha)
            break;
    }
    return maxPlayer ? alpha : beta;
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Arrival at Chandigarh Airport, Proceed to Manali, drive of 7 – 8 Hrs. Enroute visit to mata hanogi temple and kullu shawl factory. Arrival at Manali by evening. O/N Manali.
After breakfast leave for Naggar for naggar castle, nicholas roerich art gallery & later by visiting vashisht Temple for Hot water sulphur bath. Evening at leisure and rest. O/N Manali.
After breakfast leave for solang valley, from here can go on gondola cable ride on top or trek up to anjini mahadev shivling, later spend time on adventure activities at solang ground. Evening free at leisure in Manali. O/N Manali.
After Breakfast drive to rohtang pass 13050ft, till Snow point. Enroute to marhi, rani nallah & kothi gorge. O/N Manali.
Complete day at leisure to spend by local sightseeing by visiting hadimba temple, manu maharishi temple in old manali & buddhist monastery. Evening free time at leisure & rest. O/N Manali.
Morning depart for Chandigarh, drive of 6 – 7 Hrs. Drop at railway station / airport. Journey ends here.


text:
SportRugbyInternational
FILE - England's Joe Marler (left) takes part in a training session. Photo: Dave Rogers/AFP
England prop Joe Marler on facing Bok scrum: 'I run towards the fight side of it, and I love it'
By Ashfak Mohamed Nov 19, 2021
Cape Town – It's the 'Fight Club' against the 'Bomb Squad' at Twickenham on Saturday, so who will come out on top in the scrum battle between England and South Africa?
Well, experienced English prop and perennial funny man Joe Marler is not only talking the talk, but walking the walk…
When asked by Independent Media on Friday about whether England's Fight Club – a new name for their group of front-row forwards – can defuse the Springboks' Bomb Squad of replacement front-rowers, Marler was in his element.
ALSO READ: England captain Courtney Lawes: There are times to front up and play away from Boks
During an online press conference, the 31-year-old – one of the real characters of the sport, was eating something out of a bowl as he is still searching for his taste-buds after coming out of Covid-19 quarantine on Thursday evening.
England captain Courtney Lawes: There are times to front up and play away from Boks
WATCH: IOL Sports rugby writers make their predictions for Springboks vs England
Eddie Jones on England's World Cup final loss to the Springboks: 'You never forget it, mate'
Cobus Reinach will look to provide slick service from the base for the Springboks against England
Springboks will be even more motivated after Rassie Erasmus' punishment, to Eddie Jones' dismay
'We'll show them our forward pack is not weak,' says Eddie Jones ahead of Springbok showdown
Joe is pumped for tomorrow 💪#ENGvRSA | @JoeMarler
— England Rugby (@EnglandRugby) November 19, 2021
And then got out of his chair and showed off shiny white boxing boots.
"You see them? Yeah, they're my boxing boots! Got them on, I'm always ready! Can the Fight Club defuse the Bomb Squad? We'd give it a good try, shall we?" Marler smiled.
ALSO READ: Eddie Jones on England's World Cup final loss to the Springboks: 'You never forget it, mate'
"I don't really like fighting. It's like fake toughness – (makes sounds of a beast) and all of that. That feeling after you've had a fight – I don't know if anyone else feels like this, I'm sure there hasn't… but the comedown after a fight and the shakes it gives you, and the emotion you end up after a fight, it's one of the worst feelings."
He rates fellow loosehead prop Ellis Genge as the best boxer in the England squad. "You don't want to get on the end of one of his… Naturally powerful, and he is also really horrible, and aggressive. So, that combination, and the fact that he is obsessed with Mike Tyson… So you go, 'I'm just going to avoid him like the plague'."
But what about the all-powerful Bok scrum, which destroyed the English pack in the 2019 Rugby World Cup final?
ALSO READ: 'We'll show them our forward pack is not weak,' says Eddie Jones ahead of Springbok showdown
Talking about that final, Marler will never forget how Cheslin Kolbe ran past him to score the Boks' second try.
Independent Media asked he if he was the happiest man in England because Kolbe won't be playing on Saturday, to which he responded: "Ah, very good! I thought there was going to be a scrum angle from you there, and then you hit me even harder, with the dagger…
"I want to use a word that would be considered mean, and inappropriate! But I won't use that. So, you, urgh – yes, I am very happy, thanks!"
ALSO READ: Springboks will be even more motivated after Rassie Erasmus' punishment, to Eddie Jones' dismay
Marler, who has 73 Test caps, will come off the bench at Twickenham on Saturday, and will most likely have to face Vincent Koch in the scrums in the second half. And it's something he cannot wait for.
"I thought about this – like, you know when you get adrenalin… Adrenalin is used to fight or flight, in our genetics or something? I'm not going to sound really clever here, but Neanderthals – the first men and all that – the reason was to work out whether you can stay and fight, or leg it because you are really scared… That's sort of how I feel with Springbok front-rowers and their scrummaging, their passion for it – it's very much a fight or flight (situation)," Marler said.
"And I run towards the fight side of it, and I love it. All six of them, and you could even look at their third-string front rows and go 'Arguably they're all world-class operators', and that's what you want to do – or that's what I want to do… I can't speak for others.
ALSO READ: Cobus Reinach will look to provide slick service from the base for the Springboks against England
"I want to test myself against the best, and in the hottest environments. So, I'm really excited about it."


Two Months Of Battle Won…..But The War……….???
I have lived almost two amazing months smoke free after a 38 year addiction. It is such an interesting journey of ups and downs, discovery and lost, win and lose.
(1) Denial: - "Chemical dependency upon smoking nicotine is one of the most intense, repetitive and dependable relationships you've likely ever known." I for one, never believed this and thought that I am in control.
(2) Anger: "It has infected almost every aspect of your life and thinking." This is stage where I blamed myself for allowing myself to become so dependent on nicotine.
(3) Bargaining: Only one puff won't do any harm or maybe I should have just cut down and not smoke 40 a day. This is the stage where the Nicodemon really worked my mind.
(4) Depression: "Be prepared to experience a normal sense of emotional loss." I mourned the loss of my ciggy friend. I mean it was with me for 38 years and gone now……!!
(5) Acceptance: Yes, I am a nicotine junky, a drug addict. I think this was my turning point where I decided to attack this addiction rather than defend the fact that I am addicted.
(6) Complacency: The glorious moment where you see the light at the end of the tunnel and know there is life after quitting. That you have been granted a new chance in life and might not grow old pulling an oxygen tank with you wherever you go. This is where I felt that I really got rid of the entrapment I have been in for so many years.
This is the awesome time of rediscovering the things we denied and deprived ourselves whilst addicted. Definitely for us "older" men with better blood flow and hart rate the advantages starts to show.
The battles is won and I am jubilant and raised my flag on "no smoking hill" ……..But deep in my mind I know this War is far from over and that I should be on a constant alert for the rest of my smoke free life……..!!!
Incredible post hercu. You are really very inspirational with your writing style.
Very good post hercu. I can't imagine quitza without you - thank you!
"Definitely for us "older" men with better blood flow and hart rate the advantages starts to show." - I laughed, very true!
I dont know what i would do without your posts and comments hercu, thank you! Stay strong hun.
Wow awesome post hercu! Thank you so much!
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TGIF! Phew what a busy week and boy am I glad to relax and do some farmers market shopping this weekend. I'm trying a barre class on Sunday and I'm pumped but nervous at the same time. I've heard it's an amazing workout so I'm excited to see for myself. What are you all doing this weekend .. anything exciting?
This weekend I challenge you all to take some time to reflect and relax! Do some meditation or some yoga. We're all so busy and go go go, so it's nice to wind down and remember to take care of ourselves!