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\section*{Appendix: Mathematical modeling}\label{s.mathematical}
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In this section we present mathematical models that are used to
analyze  the sensor network described in
Section~\ref{s.Assumptions}.
In particular,

\bsubsection{An Erlang's M/D/1/1 loss system with interference}
\label{ss.loss_system}
Assume a time homogeneous, independently marked  Poisson point process
$\Phi=\{(T_n,(P_n,H_n))\}_{n=-\infty}^\infty$,
 where $T_n$ are
customer (packet)  arrival epochs and $(P_n,H_n)$ are
independent, identically distributed (i.i.d.) marks, where
$P_n\ge0$, $H_n\ge0$ can be interpreted as, respectively, the average
 (over fading   effects) power with which the
$n\,$th packet arrives at the receiver and
the actual fading state of its channel. (The randomness of
 $\{P_n\}$ reflects different locations of transmitters  and
powers with which they emit packets, while the randomness of $\{H_n\}$
reflects the temporal variation of the channel conditions given fixed
 location of the transmitter and  emitted power.)
Lets denote by $\lambda$ ($0<\lambda<\infty$)
the intensity of $\Phi$; i.e., $T_n$ are
i.i.d. exponential r.v. with parameter~$\lambda$.

We consider the following modification of the Erlang's loss policy.
Suppose that each arrival (i.e., packet) is admitted by the single
server of the system (i.e., starts being received by the receiver) if
this latter is idle at the packet's arrival epoch
and rejected  otherwise.
Admitted packets are received   during their duration time
$B$. However, packets  that are rejected by the receiver
interfere during their emission time with the packets that
are being received. Inspired by inequality~(\ref{e.SIR}),
with $H_nP_n=|h|^2P_{rec}$, we will say that
the $n\,$th
packet, given it is admitted by the receiver,
is correctly received  if the following inequality holds
\begin{equation}\label{e.reception_OK}
\frac{P_nH_n}{W+1/B\int_{T_n}^{T_n+B}I(t)\text{\,\rm d} t-P_nH_n}\ge\gamma \,,
\end{equation}
where $W$ is some nonnegative r.v. independent of $\Phi$,
$\gamma >0$ is   some constant,
$I(t)$ is the value of the  following temporal shot-nose process at time $t$
\begin{equation}\label{e.SN_temp}
I(t)=\sum_{i=-\infty}^\infty H_iP_i\mathbf{1}_{[0,B)}(t-T_i)\,
\end{equation}
describing the total power received at time $t$ from all packets that
are being sent (including the power of the packet that is
being received; this is why we substract $P_nH_n$ from $I(t)$
in~(\ref{e.reception_OK}).

Our goal is to calculate the
frequency of the correct reception of packets; i.e.,
$\pi=\lim_{N\to\infty}\#\{\text{packets received among
  packets
nr.\ } 1,\ldots,N \}/N$,
where $\#$ denotes the number.
Denote by $X(t)$ the indicator of the event that the receiver is busy at
time $t$ and  $X(-0)=\lim_{t\uparrow0}X(t)$.
Denote by $\delta_n$ the indicator of the event that the
inequality~(\ref{e.reception_OK}) holds.
Let $\Pr^0$ denote the  Palm probability given there is a customer
arrival at time $0$, and let $\mathbb{E}^0$ denote the
corresponding expectation. By Slivnyak's  theorem, under
$\Pr^0$ arrivals form the original stationary Poisson point process with an
extra arrival $(T_0,(P_0, H_0))$ added at time $T_0=0$ whose  mark
is independent and originally distributed.
Denote by $\Pr,\mathbb{E}$, respectively, the stationary probability of $\Phi$
and its corresponding  expectation. The following results is a
consequence of the ergodic theorem (see
e.g.~\cite[Theorem~1.6.1]{BacBrem2003}).
\begin{Prop}\label{p.ErgodicTh}
The limit defining $\pi$ exists  $\Pr^0$ almost surely and
$\pi=\mathbb{E}^0[(1-X(-0))\delta_0]$.
\end{Prop}
In order to calculate $\pi$ we will first
characterize under $\Pr^0$ the distribution of the shot noise  process
$I'(t)=I(t)-P_0H_0$ for $t\in[0,B)$
given the server is idle just before time 0 (i.e., $X(-0)=0$).
It will be given in terms of the conditional joint Laplace
transform
$\mathcal{L}^0_{I'(t_1),\ldots,I'(t_n)|X(-0)=0}(\xi_1,\ldots,\xi_n)
=\mathbb{E}^0\bigl[e^{-\sum_{i=1}^n I'(t_i)\xi_i}\big|X(-0)=0\bigr]$
evaluated for $\xi_i\ge0$
and any finite collection of time instants
$t_1,\ldots,t_n\in[0,B)$,
$n\ge1$.

\begin{Prop}\label{p.Cox}
Consider the Erlang's {\textrm M/D/1/1} loss system with interference.
Then
\begin{equation}\label{e.Erlang_form}
\Pr^0\{X(-0)=0\}=\frac{1}{1+\lambda B}
\end{equation}
and for $t_1,\ldots,t_n\in[0,B)$, $n\ge1$, $\xi_1,\ldots,\xi_n\ge0$
\begin{eqnarray}\label{e.LT}
\lefteqn{
\mathcal{L}^0_{I'(t_1),\ldots,I'(t_n)|X(-0)=0}(\xi_1,\ldots,\xi_n)}\\
&=&\int_0^\infty \lambda e^{-\lambda t}  \nonumber
\exp\Bigl[-\lambda \int_{-B}^B\Bigl(1-\mathbf{1}_{(-t,0]}(s)\Bigr)\\
&&\times
\Bigl(1-\mathbb{E}[e^{-\sum_{i=1}^n \xi_i H_iP_i\mathbf{1}_{[0,B)}(t_i-s)}
\Bigr)\text{\,\rm d} s\Bigr]\text{\,\rm d} t\;. \nonumber
\end{eqnarray}
\end{Prop}

Note by the form of the above Laplace transform,
that under $\Pr^0$ and given the server is idle just before
the arrival of the customer at $0$, the shot-noise process
of interference $\{I'(t):0\le t<B\}$ is driven by a
non-homogeneous, double-stochastic
Poisson process with intensity equal to $\lambda$ on the sum of the intervals
$(-B,-T]\cup(0,B)$ and 0 elsewhere,
where $T$ is exponential random variable with
parameter $\lambda$.

\begin{proof}
Note that (\ref{e.Erlang_form}) follows directly from the Erlang's
loss formula (see e.g.~\cite[equation~(81), p.~71]{Wolff1989}).
In consequence, $\lambda/(1+\lambda B)$ is the intensity of the
point process of arrivals of packets that are accepted by the receiver.
In order to prove the remaining part of the proposition,
lets define by $T(t)$ the time that elapsed form the last moment
before $t$ when the receiver was busy; i.e.,
$T(t)=t-\sup\{s: s<t, X(s)=1\}$.
We will first show that under $\Pr^0$ and  given
$X(-0)=0$, the variable $T=T(0)$ is exponential with parameter
$\lambda$.
Indeed, for $u>0$, by the Neveu exchange formula (see
e.g.~\cite[Section~1.3.2]{BacBrem2003}),
\begin{eqnarray}
\Pr^0\{\,T(0)\ge u,X(-0)=0\,\}&=&\Pr^0\{\,T(0)\ge u\,\}
\nonumber\\
&&\hspace{-0.5\linewidth}=
\frac{1}{1+\lambda B}\, \mathbb{E}^0_a
\biggl[\int_{(0,T_1^a]} \mathbf{1}(T(t)\ge u)\,\Phi(\text{\rm d} t)\biggr]\,,\label{e.Neveu}
\end{eqnarray}
where $\mathbb{E}^0_a$ corresponds to the  Palm probability, given a packet
arriving at time 0 is accepted by the receiver, $T_1^a$ is the next
arrival time after 0 of a packet accepted by the receiver, and the
integral with respect to $\Phi(\text{\rm d} t)$ denotes the sum over all
arrival times of the process $\Phi$.
It is easy to see that under $\mathbb{E}^0_a$ we have
$T(t)=0$ for $t\in(0,B]$ and $T(t)=t-B$ for $t\in(B,T_1^a]$.
In the interval $(B,T_1^a]$ point process $\Phi$ has just one point,
namely $T_1^a$, and thus the integral in~(\ref{e.Neveu})
reduces to $\mathbf{1}(T(T_1^a)\ge u)=\mathbf{1}(T_1^a-B\ge u)$.
The distribution of the points of $\Phi$ in $(0,\infty)$ is not
influenced by the condition that the server is idle just before $0$ and
that there was an arrival at $0$.
Thus, under $\mathbb{E}_a^0$, as well as under $\mathbb{E}$, it is equal to the
distribution of points of the  the original Poisson point process.
Thus, due to the lack of memory of the exponential inter-arrival r.v.,
the variable $T_1^a-B$ is  exponential with parameter $\lambda$, which
completes this part of the proof.

Note now, that the packets which contribute to $I'(t)=I(t)-P_0H_0$ for
$t\in[0,B)$,
given $T(0)=T$ and $T_0=0$, arrive only during the time intervals
 $(-B,-T)\cup(0,B)$. (Note that $\Pr^0($ there is an  arrival at $-T)=0$
 if $T>0$.) Note also, that this set is disjoint with the set
$\mathcal{S}=[T^*,-B-T(0)]\cup[-T(0),0]$,
where $T^*=\sup\{T_n:T_n<T(0)-B, T_{n+1}<T(0)-B, T_{n+1}-T_n>B\}$.
This latter set is a random stopping set (i.e., for a given
realization $\phi$ of the point process  $\Phi$, the set $\mathcal{S}(\phi)$
is invariant with respect to any modification of the points of $\phi$
in ${\mathbb{R}}\setminus\mathcal{S}(\phi)$; see e.g.~\cite{Zuyev2006}).
Also, $X(-0)$ and $T(0)$ depend only on the configuration of points of
$\phi$ in $\mathcal{S}(\phi)$. Thus,
by the strong Markov property of the Poisson point process
(see~\cite{Zuyev2006}), given  $X(-0)=0, T=T(0)$, the distribution of
arrivals  in $(-B,-T)\cup(0,B)$ is equal to
the original distribution of points of the independently marked Poisson point
process  $\Phi$ taken on this region, and hence~(\ref{e.LT}) holds.
This completes the proof.
\end{proof}

Before we  give an explicit formula for the frequency $\pi$ of the correct
reception of packets for our loss system with interference in the case
of Rayleigh fading, we will calculate the conditional Laplace transform
of the integrated shot-noise $I'_B=1/B\int_0^B I'(t)\text{\,\rm d} t$
given $\Pr^0$ and $X(-0)=0$; i.e.,
$\mathcal{L}^0_{I'_B|X(-0)=0}(\xi)=
\mathbb{E}^0\bigl[e^{-\xi I'_B}\big|X(-0)=0\bigr]$ for $\xi\ge0$.

\begin{Prop}\label{p.IB}
Suppose $\{H_n\}$ are exponentially distributed with mean~1
and $\{P_n\}$ are independent of $\{H_n\}$.
Then $\mathcal{L}^0_{I'_B|X(-0)=0}(\xi)=\mathcal{L}_1(\xi)\mathcal{L}_2(\xi)$,
where
\begin{eqnarray}\label{e.I1}
\mathcal{L}_1(\xi)&=&
\exp\biggl(-\lambda B\Bigl(1-\mathbb{E}\Bigl[\frac{1}{\xi P}
\log(1+\xi P)\Bigr]\Bigr)\biggr)\,,\\
\mathcal{L}_2(\xi)&=& \exp(-\lambda B)\label{e.I2}\\
&\times&\!\!\!\!\!\biggl(1+\lambda B\int_0^1
\exp\biggl(\lambda B\mathbb{E}\Bigl[\frac{1}{\xi P}
\log(1+\xi P t)\Bigr]\biggr)\text{\,\rm d} t\biggr)\,.
\nonumber
\end{eqnarray}
\end{Prop}

\begin{proof}
Note first, that the integrated shot noise is also a shot noise type
variable. Indeed, $I'_B=1/B\int_0^B\sum_{i\not=0}
H_iP_i\mathbf{1}_{[0,B)}(t-T_i)=\sum_{i\not=0} H_iP_i V(T_i)$,
where $V(t)$ is equal to $B-|t|$ for $|t|\le B$ and 0 elsewhere.
By the Proposition~\ref{p.Cox}, it suffices to calculate the Laplace
transform of $I'_B$  driven by independently marked double-stochastic
Poisson process with intensity $\lambda$ on the sum of the intervals
$(-B,-T]\cup(0,B)$ where $T$ is exponential random variable with
parameter $\lambda$.
Denote
\begin{eqnarray}\label{e.I11}
I^1_B&=& \sum_{i\not=0} H_iP_i V(T_i)\mathbf{1}_{(0,B)}(T_i)\,,\\
I^2_B&=& \sum_{i\not=0} H_iP_i V(T_i)\mathbf{1}_{(-B,-T]}(T_i)\,.
\label{e.I22}
\end{eqnarray}
Applying the general formula of the Laplace transform of the
independently marked Poisson point process (see e.g.~\cite{SKM95}))
we get
\begin{equation}\label{e.I1B}
\mathbb{E}^0[e^{-\xi I^1_B}|X(-0)=0]
=\exp\biggl(-\lambda\!\!\!\int_0^B\!\!\!\Bigl(1-\mathbb{E}\Bigl[e^{-\xi H P
V(t)}\Bigr]\Bigr)\text{\,\rm d} t\biggr)
\,,
\end{equation}
where $H, P$ are independent, generic r.v's  for $\{H_n\}$ and
$\{P_n\}$. Integrating with respect to $t$ and evaluating expectation
with respect to the exponential r.v. $H$ we obtain
$\mathbb{E}[e^{-\xi I^1_B}]=\mathcal{L}_1(\xi)$.
In order to calculate $\mathbb{E}^0[e^{-\xi I^2_B}|X(-0)=0]$,
we condition on $T=T(0)$ and
we use  similar arguments, with integral $\int_0^B$ in~(\ref{e.I1B})
replaced be $\int_{-B}^{-T}$
(note that this integral is null if $T>B$).
Similarly as for $I^1_B$ and then by
integration with respect to the law of exponential $T$ we obtain
$\mathbb{E}^0[e^{-\xi I^2_B}|X(-0)=0]=\mathcal{L}_2(\xi)$.
Obviously $I'_B=I^1_B+I^2_B$, and  variables $I^1_B,I^2_B$ are
independent,
because they are driven by disjoint regions of
the underlying Poisson point process. Thus
$\mathcal{L}^0_{I'_B}(\xi)=\mathcal{L}_1(\xi)\mathcal{L}_2(\xi)$, which completes the
proof.
\end{proof}

Now we are able to give the main result  of this Section --- an
Erlang's type formula.

\begin{Prop}\label{p.Erlang}
Consider the Erlang's {\textrm M/D/1/1} loss system with interference.
Suppose that $\{H_n\}$ are exponential r.v's independent of $\{P_n\}$
and  lets denote by $\mathcal{L}_W(\xi)$ the Laplace transform of $W$.
Then
$$
\pi=\frac{1}{1+\lambda B}
\mathbb{E}\Bigl[\mathcal{L}_W(\gamma /P_0)\mathcal{L}_1(\gamma /P_0)
\mathcal{L}_2(\gamma /P_0)\Bigr]\,,
$$
where the expectation is taken with respect to the random
variable $P_0$.
\end{Prop}

\begin{proof}
By Proposition~\ref{p.ErgodicTh} $\pi$ is equal to
\begin{eqnarray*}
\lefteqn{\mathbb{E}^0[(1-X(-0))\delta_0]}\\
&&\hspace{-0,1\linewidth}=\Pr^0\{\,X(-0)=0\,\}\,\mathbb{E}^0[\delta_0|X(-0)=0]\\
&&\hspace{-0,1\linewidth}= \Pr^0\{\,X(-0)\,\}\,
\Pr^0\Bigl\{\,H_0\ge \gamma W(W+I'_B)/P_0\Big| X(-0)=0\,\Bigr\}\\
&&\hspace{-0,1\linewidth}=\Pr^0\{\,X(-0)=0\,\}\,
\mathbb{E}^0\Bigl[\exp\Bigl(-\gamma (W+I'_B)/P_0\Bigr)\Big| X(-0)=0\Bigr]
\end{eqnarray*}
because $H_0$ is exponential with mean 1 and independent of everything
else. Conditioning on $P_0$, noting that $W$ is independent of $I'_B$
and using Propositions~\ref{p.Cox} and~\ref{p.IB} we obtain the
result.
\end{proof}

Lets introduce now to the  Erlang's loss model an
additional (external) stationary, ergodic process $J(t)$ of interference,
independent of $W$ and $\Phi$.
(For example, one can think of $J(t)$ as of the  interference created by
emitters transmitting packets that are not supposed to be received by
our receiver due to some random, independent admission policy;
cf. Section~\ref{ss.SpatialErlang}).
Lets say that the $n\,$th
packet of $\Phi$, given it is admitted by the receiver,
is correctly received  if
to the inequality~(\ref{e.reception_OK}) holds
with the term $1/B\int_{T_n}^{T_n+B}J(t)\text{\,\rm d} t$ added to the denominator.
Denote by $\delta'_n$ the  indicator of this event.
and $\pi'=\mathbb{E}^0[(1-X(-0))\delta'_0]$.
Denote by $J_B=\int_0^BJ(t)\text{\,\rm d} t$
and its Laplace transform by $\mathcal{L}_{J_B}(\xi)=\mathbb{E}[e^{-\xi J_B}]$.
We have the following straightforward extension of the
Proposition~\ref{p.Erlang}.
\begin{Cor}\label{c.ErlangJ}
Consider the Erlang's {\textrm M/D/1/1} loss system with the external
interference $J(t)$. Under the same assumptions as in
Proposition~\ref{p.Erlang} the frequency of the correct reception of
packets exists $\Pr^0$ almost surely and is equal to
$$\pi'=
\frac%
{\mathbb{E}\bigl[\mathcal{L}_W(\gamma /P_0)\mathcal{L}_1(\gamma /P_0)
\mathcal{L}_2(\gamma /P_0)\mathcal{L}_{J_B}(\gamma/P_0)\bigr]}%
{1+\lambda B}\,.
$$
\end{Cor}

\bsubsection{Sensors on the plane}
\label{ss.SpatialErlang}
In this section we assume that the packets are emitted from different
locations of  the plane ${\mathbb{R}}^2$ and, assuming some form of the attenuation
function, we will obtain a particular form of the distribution of
the powers  $\{P_n\}$ received at the origin, where the receiver is
supposed to be  located.
(Note that this  distribution was not specified in the previous
section.) We will also assume some packet admission policy.

\paragraph*{Attenuation function}
Suppose that the signal transmitted
with some power $\bar P$ at the location $x$ is attenuated
on the path to the receiver located at 0 (on average over fading effects)
by the factor $L(x)>0$.; i.e.,
the average received power  is equal to $\bar P L(x)$.

\paragraph*{Spatial policy of packet admissions}
\begin{figure*}[!t]
\normalsize
\begin{eqnarray}\label{e.L1_rain}
\mathcal{L}_1(\xi)&=&
\exp\biggl(-\lambda B+ \lambda_e B
\int
\frac{d(x)}{\xi \bar P L(x)}
\log(1+\xi \bar P L(x))\,\Lambda_s(\text{\rm d} x)\biggr)\,,\\
\mathcal{L}_2(\xi)&=& \exp(-\lambda B)
\biggl(1+\lambda B\!\! \int_0^1\!\!
\exp\biggl(\lambda_e B
\int \frac{d(x)}{\xi \bar P L(x)}
\log(1+\xi \bar P L(x) t)\,\Lambda_s(\text{\rm d} x) \biggr)\text{\,\rm d} t\biggr)\,,
\label{e.L2_rain}\\
\mathcal{L}_{J_B}(\xi)&=&
\exp\biggl(
-2\lambda_e B\!\!
\int\!\!(1-d(x))\Bigl(1-\frac{1}{\xi \bar P L(x)}
\log(1+\xi\bar P L(x)) \Bigr)\Lambda_s(\text{\rm d} x)\biggr)\,.
\label{e.JLT_rain}
\end{eqnarray}
\hrulefill
\vspace*{0pt}
\end{figure*}

Suppose that packets are emitted from different locations
of the plane ${\mathbb{R}}^2$.
Suppose moreover, that the receiver located at the origin
adopts the following {\em spatial admission policy}.
Depending on emission location  $x$,
it accepts the packet, independently of everything else, with
probability  $d(x)$ (and starts receiving it, provided it is idle),
where $0\le d(x)\le 1$ is a given  function of location~$x$.

\bsubsubsection{Poisson rain model of events}
\label{sss.Poisson-Rain}
Consider a spatio-temporal Poisson process
$\{(X_n,T_n)\}$ where $X_n\in{\mathbb{D}}\subseteq{\mathbb{R}}^2$, $T_n\in{\mathbb{R}}$,
with intensity measure $\Lambda_s(\text{\rm d} x)\times \lambda_e\text{\,\rm d} t$.
The coordinates  of the  point $(X_n,T_n)$ denote, respectively,
the location of a packet  emission and the time it starts.
(One can think of emitters being born
at locations $X_n$ and time $T_n$ just to emit one packet at this
moment; after the transmission of this packet the emitter disappears.)
We assume that the points $\{(X_n,T_n)\}$  are
independently marked by  i.i.d. exponential (with mean 1)
random variables
$H_n$ modeling the fading conditions during the transmission $n$.
Moreover, assuming some admission policy $d(\cdot)$ we suppose that
the points are further marked by i.i.d Bernoulli variables $U_n$
describing the admission status of the packets;
i.e., $\Pr\{\,U_n=1\,\}=1-\Pr\{\,U_n=0\,\}=d(X_n)$,
where $U_n=1$ marks an admissible packet.

We call the  marked Poisson point process
$\Psi=\Psi_d=\bigl\{\bigl((X_n,T_n),(H_n,U_n)\bigr)\bigr\}_n$,
the  {\em Poisson rain of events with a given
spatial admission policy $d(\cdot)$}.
We consider  $\Psi$  as the input to the
Erlang's loss system with interference described in
Sections~\ref{ss.loss_system}. Specifically, we define
$P_n=\bar P\,L(X_n)$
and take the admissible packet transmissions
$\Phi=\{(T_n,(P_n,H_n)):U_n=1\}_n$ as the input to the system,
whereas the total received power from non-admissible packet transmissions
\begin{equation}\label{e.J}
J(t)=\sum_n U_nH_n\bar P L(X_n)\mathbf{1}_{[0,B)}(t-T_n)\,,
\end{equation}
as the external interference.
Denote by
\begin{equation}\label{e.lambda_rain}
\lambda=\lambda_e\int d(x)\,\Lambda_s(\text{\rm d} x)\,
\end{equation}
the  (temporal) arrival intensity of Poisson process of the packets
admissible according to the spatial policy $d(\cdot)$.
The following consequence of Corollary~\ref{c.ErlangJ}
gives the  Erlang's type formula for the Poisson rain model.
\begin{Cor}\label{c.Erlang_rain}
Consider the Erlang's loss system $M/D/1/1$ driven by the
Poisson rain of events $\Psi$ on some domain ${\mathbb{D}}$ with
spatial admission policy $d(\cdot)$.
Assume that $\lambda$ given by~(\ref{e.lambda_rain}) is finite.
Then, the fraction $\pi'=\pi'(x_0)$ of {\em admissible} packets correctly
received from a location
$x_0\in{\mathbb{R}}^2$, given there is an emitter located there, is given
by Corollary~\ref{c.ErlangJ}, with constant $P_0=\bar P L(x_0)$,
and $\mathcal{L}_1,\mathcal{L}_2,\mathcal{L}_{J_B}$ given, respectively,
by~(\ref{e.L1_rain}), (\ref{e.L2_rain}), (\ref{e.JLT_rain}), where
$\lambda$ is given by~(\ref{e.lambda_rain}) and
the integrals are taken over ${\mathbb{D}}$.
\end{Cor}
\begin{proof}
Note that the distribution of the received power is equal to
$\Pr\{\, P\le a\,\}=
\int d(x)\mathbf{1}\bigl(\bar P L(x)\le
a\bigr)\,\Lambda_s(\text{\rm d} x)/\int d(y)\,\Lambda_s(\text{\rm d} y)$,
which  is correctly defined since we assume  $\lambda<\infty$.
Then, formulas~(\ref{e.L1_rain}), (\ref{e.L2_rain}) follow,
respectively,  from~(\ref{e.I1}), (\ref{e.I2}).
Next, note that $\Phi$ and $J(t)$ are independent; this is a consequence of
the independent thinning of the Poisson process of all packet emissions.
Moreover, the integrated interference $J_B$,
given by the formula
$J_B=\sum_n(1-U_n))H_n\bar P L(X_n) V(T_n)$
is a shot-noise
type random variable (cf. the proof of Propositon~\ref{p.IB}).
Its  Laplace transform $\mathcal{L}_{J_B}(\xi)$ is known explicitly and
given  by~(\ref{e.JLT_rain}).
\end{proof}

\bsubsubsection{Fixed arbitrary locations of emitters}
Suppose emitters are fixed and located at  $\{X_i\}$.
This case can be seen as a special case of the Poisson-rain of
packets, with purely atomic spatial density measure
$\Lambda_s(D)=\#\{X_i:X_i\in D\}$. Then the
integrals $\int(\dots)\text{\,\rm d} x$
in formulas~(\ref{e.L1_rain})-(\ref{e.JLT_rain})
take form of the respective sums $\sum_{X_i}(\dots)$.
Moreover, if  the spatial repartition of $X_i$ is sufficiently dense,
then these atomic measures can be reasonably ``smoothed''
leading to approximative integral formulas.
In particular, if the repartition is dense and uniform (in empirical
sense) then the sums can be approximated  by integrals with respect to the
Lebesgue's measure $\Lambda(\text{\rm d} x)=\lambda_s\text{\,\rm d} x$ with
$\lambda_s=\#\{X_i\}/|{\mathbb{D}}|$   where $|{\mathbb{D}}|$ is the surface of ${\mathbb{D}}$.

\bsubsubsection{Bounds}
In this section we will give some simple bounds for the frequencies
of successful receptions of packets.
Denote $\gamma_x=\gamma /(\bar P L(x))$.
\begin{Cor}\label{c.bounds}
Under the assumptions of Corollary~\ref{c.Erlang_rain}, we have
$$\frac{\mathcal{L}_W(\gamma_{x_0})(\mathcal{L}(\gamma_{x_0}))^2}{1+\lambda B}\le
\pi'(x_0)
\le \frac{\mathcal{L}_W(\gamma_{x_0})\mathcal{L}(\gamma_{x_0})}%
{1+\lambda B}\,
$$
where $\mathcal{L}$ and $\lambda$ are  given by~(\ref{e.calL})
and~(\ref{e.lambda_rain}), respectively.
\end{Cor}
\begin{proof}
Note first that $\mathcal{L}_2(\xi)\ge\mathcal{L}_1(\xi)$. This can be verified
directly comparing formulas~(\ref{e.I1}) and~(\ref{e.I2}), but a
simple probabilistic argument can be used as well; remind that
that $\mathcal{L}_1(\xi)$ is the Laplace
transform of $I^1_B$ given by~(\ref{e.I11}), whereas $\mathcal{L}_2(\xi)$ is
the Laplace transform of $I^2_B$ given by~(\ref{e.I11}).
Than, the lower bound
of Corollary~\ref{c.bounds} follows immediately from~(\ref{e.L1_rain})
and~(\ref{e.JLT_rain}).
In order to get the upper bound, it is enough to observe that
$\mathcal{L}_2\le1$ and to take $\mathcal{L}_{J_B}$ with factor $2$ in the exponent
of ~(\ref{e.JLT_rain}) replaced by~1.
\end{proof}
Note that the upper bound in Corollary~\ref{c.bounds} consists in
taking no interfering arrivals before reception of a given packet,
whereas the lower bound consists in assuming the unconditional Poisson
process of such arrivals ($T=0$ in the proof of Proposition~\ref{p.Cox}).

\section{#1} \resetcounters}

\renewcommand\bsubsection {\subsection }
\renewcommand\bsubsubsection {\subsubsection }

\newtheorem{Th}{Theorem}[section]
\newtheorem{Prop}[Th]{Proposition}
\newtheorem{Lemma}[Th]{Lemma}
\newtheorem{Cor}[Th]{Corollary}
\newtheorem{Ex}[Th]{Example}
\newtheorem{ex}[Th]{Example}
\newtheorem{Rem}[Th]{Remark}
\newtheorem{Res}[Th]{Result}
\newcommand{{\medskip\noindent \em Remark:\ }}{{\medskip\noindent \em Remark:\ }}
\newcommand\bull{\vrule height7pt width7pt depth0pt}

\title{\LARGE On Performance of Event-to-Sink Transport
in Transmit-Only Sensor Networks
\vspace{-2ex}}

\author{
Bart{\l }omiej B{\l }aszczyszyn${}^{1}$ and
Bo\v zidar Radunovi\'c ${}^{2}$
}

\date{\today}

\begin{document}

\maketitle

\thispagestyle{empty}
\pagestyle{plain}

\renewcommand\thefootnote{}
\footnote{
${}^{1}$~INRIA~\&~ENS
and Mathematical Institute University of Wroc{\l}aw,
45 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris FRANCE,
Bartek.Blaszczyszyn@ens.fr;\\
\indent
${}^{2}$~INRIA~\&~ENS
45 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris FRANCE,
Bozidar.Radunovic@ens.fr}
\renewcommand\thefootnote{\arabic{footnote}}
\refstepcounter{footnote}

\begin{abstract}
We consider a hybrid wireless sensor network with regular and transmit-only
sensors. The transmit-only sensors do not have receiver circuit, hence
are cheaper and less energy consuming, but their transmissions cannot
be coordinated. Regular sensors, also called cluster-heads, are
responsible for receiving information from transmit-only sensors and
forwarding it to sinks. The main goal of such a hybrid network is to
reduce the cost of deployment while achieving some performance
constraints (minimum coverage, sensing rate, etc).

In this paper we are interested in the communication between transmit-only
sensors and cluster-heads. We develop a detailed analytical model of
the physical and MAC layer using tools from queuing theory and stochastic
geometry. (The MAC model, that we call Erlang's loss model with
interference, might be of  independent interest as  adequate
for any non-slotted; i.e.,  unsynchronized, wireless communication channel.)
We give an explicit formula for the frequency of successful
packet reception by a cluster-head, given sensors' locations. We
further define packet admission policies at a cluster-head, and we
calculate the optimal policies for different performance criteria.
Finally we show that the proposed hybrid network, using the optimal
policies, can achieve substantial cost savings as compared to
conventional architectures.
\end{abstract}

\begin{keywords}
sensor network, performance evaluation, fairness, Erlang's loss system,
stochastic geometry
\end{keywords}

\input{intro}
\input{assumptions}
\input{analysis}
\input{results}
\input{conclusions}
\input{appendix}

\bibliographystyle{IEEEtran}

\section{Implementation issues and concluding remarks}

In this paper, we analyzed hybrid sensor networks consiting of
transceiving and transmit-only sensors. We presented a detailed
mathematical model of a physical and MAC layer of the network.
Using this model we derived the optimal packet admission policies for
cluster-head that maximize coverage or total throughput. Also, using
the model we demonstrated how much the dollar-cost of a sensor network
can be decreased while maintaining the same network coverage. The MAC
model that we developed can also be used for any non-slotted wireless
communication channel.

In this work we did not discuss implementation details of the optimal
policies. However, we note that these policies can easily be
implemented, based only on the knowledge of packet received power (no
need to know channel attenuation function, sensor positions,
etc). One implementation is discussed in~\cite{RTW}, and can easily be
generalized to the policies proposed in this paper. We leave details for
future work.

Also, in this work we optimized only packet admission policy and not
the sensor density $\lambda_s(x)$, transmitting power
$\overline{P}(x)$, coding $\gamma(x)$ nor the transmission frequency
$\lambda_e(x)$, which may depend on particular sensors.
 However, we showed that even constrainted on
 the optimization of the admission policy only,
we can achieve large savings and
maintaint architecture simple. Optimizing other parameters is left for
the future work.

\section*{Acknowledgment}
The authors are grateful to Fran{\c c}ois Baccelli for many helpful
discussions.

\section{Introduction}
\resetcounters

In this paper we analyze performance of a {\em hybrid sensor network
  architecture}, proposed in~\cite{RTW}. The goal of this architecture is to
{\em reduce the cost of deployment while achieving some performance
  constraints}. These constraints concern the event-to-sink
performance of the network~\cite{Akyildiz}, and thus require a {\em
  sufficient density of deployment} to correctly monitor the sensing
domain, and {\em efficient transport solutions} in order to provide
the detected information to the central unit.

The idea proposed in~\cite{RTW} assure some fraction of sensing capabilities
by the {\em transmit-only sensors}, who do not have receiver circuit,
hence are less energy consuming, and cheaper [Rabaey, ODonnell,
Sheng]. The remaining part of the sensing and the totality of the
information transport task is assured by regular sensors, also called
here {\em cluster-heads}.  In particular, they are responsible for
receiving information from transmit-only sensors, who send it blindly,
and forwarding it to sinks.

An immediate consequence of the assumption on the transmit-only
sensors is that the transmission traffic generated by them is
completely random, and thus, we have to admit that some part of the
detected information will be lost because of the collisions generated
at the receiver of the cluster heads. Note that arbitrarily increasing
the density of the transmit-only sensors and/or their traffic
intensity we may saturate the transport layer and thus make the
situation even worse.

In~\cite{RTW} the authors propose a simple heuristic of a packet admission
policy at a cluster-head in order to maximize the total number of
captured packet. In this paper, we define a detail mathematical model
of the hybrid network. Using this model we prove that the heuristic
from~\cite{RTW} is indeed optimal. We also derive the optimal policy that
maximizes the coverage region of a hybrid network, which was
previously unknown. Finally, using our model, we are able to quantify
the substantial savings obtained with the hybrid architecture.

In addition, the MAC model that we develop and call Erlang's loss
model with interference, might be of independent interest as adequate
for any non-slotted; i.e., unsynchronized, wireless communication
channel.

\paragraph*{Related work}
The only work on transmit-only sensor networks we are aware of
is~\cite{RTW}. An analysis of the event-to-sink performance of
standard network is
given in e.g.~\cite{Akyildiz}. Several works show a significantly lower
complexity and power consumption of transmiter over receiver circuit~\cite{Rabaey,ODonnell,Sheng}.

Note that we are {\em not} interested in this paper how to obtain the
sensor deployment that satisfies a correct monitoring of the
domain. Several results on this subject were already published;
e.g. using the explicit formula for the volume fraction of the
stochastic geometry Boolean model (see
eg.~\cite{LiuTowsley2003,DouseMannersaloThiran2004}) or asymptotic
formula, which can be applied when the density of nodes is large while
the sensing ranges are small; see~\cite{Janson86,Koskinen2004}.

The remaining part of this paper is organized as follows. In
Section~\ref{s.Assumptions} we describe the system assumptions. Next,
in Section~\ref{s.Analysis} we evaluate and optimize its performance.
Numerical examples are presented in Section~\ref{s.results}.
In Appendix we develop some details of the mathematical model
used to analyze the system.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


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text:
Beyond The Movies
The sister site of "TOKYO FOX" – Filming locations, reviews, events, collectables…
Tokyo Fox: Beyond The Movies
Category Archives: Asia Filming Locations
Cambodia: City Of Ghosts & R-Point Filming Locations
Posted on 09/01/2015 by tokyofox
Ever since I saw 'City Of Ghosts' for the first time in 2010 I have been interested in the Old Bokor Hill location which appears towards the end of the movie. Further online research informed me that a Korean movie had also been filmed there which I alerted my friend Mostyn to ahead of his visit to the area in January 2011 and thankfully he bought both films on DVD so I was able to borrow and re-watch them ahead of this trip.
Le Bokor Palace a.k.a. Old Casino Hotel is shrouded in history with tales to tell from within its walls since construction began around a century ago. All fascinating stuff but it is the last decade which is of most interest to Tokyo Fox when 'City Of Ghosts' (2002) and 'R-Point' (2004) were filmed there.
WARNING: Contains spoilers!
The Old Palace Hotel first appears on 90 minutes as Jimmy (Matt Dillon) approaches it from the south-west but sadly whilst we were there I didn't visit this particular spot which is a little annoying as I had all the screen shots with me! Instead, I include my first glimpse of the place. As mentioned in the previous post the old structure was obscured by mist and fog when we arrived with visibility cut down substantially. A perfect introduction to a place famed for it's eerie atmosphere!
Con artist Jimmy is in Cambodia to collect his share of money from an insurance scam involving his mentor Marvin (James Caan), who at one point in the movie performs the Khmer-language song 'Bong Sorlang.' We are led to believe he is dead in a scene (below) on 96 minutes that was shot on the back left side of the ruin.
However, he turns up moments later (below) as his high risk scam (involving corrupt Cambodian government officials, high-ranking military and the Russian mafia) is unravelled.
The back right-side of the complex appears on 100 minutes as that is where Marvin's car is parked. Having been wounded, Marvin is helped by Jimmy to his vehicle (below) as they escape their situation. Sadly, the old hotel has been stripped in recent years of the dirty, rotten, rusty look which was such a distinctive feature.
As Jimmy drives his dead partner away on 102 minutes there is a much wider shot (below) of the Old Casino Hotel perched on the hill. The coastline is over 100 metres below and for reasons of elevation the French chose this location for the slightly cooler climate.
Just a couple of years later and the makers of Korean horror movie 'R-Point' decided to use this place as it's major location. When I originally watched it I was just expecting a few scenes to have been shot there so was quite surprised that it featured so prominently.
Though it was filmed in Cambodia the story actually takes place in January 1972 in Vietnam with the Old Palace Hotel doubling as a colonial French plantation. On receiving a radio transmission at the South Korean base in Nha Trang from a missing platoon who had been presumed dead, a squad of eight soldiers are despatched to extract the missing soldiers from the rendezvous point or R-Point. They eventually locate a colossal, vacant mansion (below) on 25 minutes which they subsequently use as their base.
They are given a week by the High Command to find the missing soldiers but as time passes slowly and as R-Point day 2 begins on 46 minutes, one soldier informs his Lieutenant on the front steps (below) of the old building that he can't find Private Chung.
Moments later two soldiers are sat on the steps at the back of the place (below) on the right side as you look at it from the front. As they ponder what has happened to Chung, a pretty gruesome and bloody scene solves that mystery.
R-Point Day 4 starts on 66 minutes at the front entrance steps (below) as the soldiers are ordered to split into two teams to scout the region from the spot where they first arrived in search of the radio operator.
As the film draws to a close, there is a final front-on shot of the ruins (below) on 104 minutes. The closing credits appear soon after that bringing to an end this tense, atmospheric and tightly controlled war and horror movie crossover.
You can read 'Cambodia 2015 Pt VIII: Phnom Penh' here
Posted in Asia Filming Locations	| Tagged Bokor Hill National Park, Bokor Hill Station, City of Ghosts filming locations, French colonial settlement, Kampot, Le Bokor Palace, Old Casino Hotel, R-Point Korean movie Kampot	| Leave a reply
Cambodia: Lara Croft Tomb Raider Filming Locations
This film adaptation of a popular video game has probably been forgotten by many but it's legacy certainly lives on in Cambodia where it is mentioned day in-day out by the thousands of tourists who descend on main location Ta Prohm to see it's fascinating tree roots which have swallowed up parts of the temple complex.
The action in Cambodia starts on 40 minutes as Lara Croft (Angelina Jolie) is on a mission to retrieve half of the triangular MacGuffin. Before Ta Prohm though, there are a couple of other temples playing cameo roles. Having called in a favour from the Special Forces, she is parachuted down (in her Land Rover no less!) and waves goodbye to the plane which helped her from the Central Sanctuary at Phnom Bakheng.
This temple, located 400 metres south of Angkor Thom, is an incredibly popular place for tourists to photograph Angkor Wat at sunrise and sunset and is where Lara begins her journey. She gets to work straight away and. looking through her special binoculars, she sees Manfred Powell (Iain Glen) and Alex West (Daniel Craig) getting up to mischief at the East Gate of Angkor Thom.
To get to this place involves a 20 minute hike up a hill although elephants are sometime on hand to do the hard work for you. At a cost of course!
Moments later she prepares her ammunition and shoots off in her Land Rover from in front of the sacred Bayon temple (below) which is the centrepiece of the fortified city of Angkor Thom. Bayon is famed for its enigmatic faces donning the many towers within its three levels.
The most famous temple though is of course the aforementioned Ta Prohm which first appears on 42 minutes. This spectacular temple has been swallowed up by the jungle over time and the roots are growing out of the ruins. Lara parks her vehicle at the eastern entry which has seen a lot of restoration work between my two visits in 2007 and 2015.
A mysterious girl appears and disappears a few times as Croft enters the complex and soon she comes across the huge tree below which is entwined with the ruins.
Croft wanders around the eerie place for a bit before she finally catches up with the young little girl who points her in the right direction.
She heads towards the doorway seen below where, having picked a jasmine flower, she falls through the ground…..ending up in Pinewood Studios! Alongside the screenshot is a photo I took on New Years Day 2007 as the place has changed a bit since then and is now more restrictive with the area roped off from the public who can only view it from a boardwalk.
World Heritage site Angkor Wat appears on the hour mark and appears to be looming over a lake bursting with waterlilies and boating villagers. There are mixed reports on this one with some saying this elaborate floating village was constructed on the northern pond. Others refute that and say it was just a set with CGI used to add the worlds largest religious building into the background.
Whilst there are a couple of pools at Angkor Wat, there is no activity on them whatsoever. Croft comes ashore asking a monk in Khmer language where she can make an international call.
You can read 'Cambodia 2015 Pt VI: Kampot' here
Click here to see the London filming locations of 'Lara Croft: Tomb Raider' (2001)
Click here to see the Hong Kong filming locations of 'Lara Croft Tomb Raider: The Cradle Of Life' (2003)
Posted in Asia Filming Locations	| Tagged angkor thom, angkor wat, Bayon, Lara Croft Tomb Raider movie locations, Phnom Bakheng, Siem Reap, ta prohm, Tomb Raider Filming Locations, where was Tomb Raider filmed in Cambodia?	| Leave a reply
Seoul: Avengers Age Of Ultron Filming Locations
Over the years Seoul has lived very much in the shadows of neighbouring places like Tokyo and Hong Kong when it comes to Asian locations being featured in western movie productions. This time though, Marvel Studios agreed to portray South Korea as a high-tech, modern country during its 15 minutes of air-time. Mind you, it did cost the Korean Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism nearly £2.5m for it to be shot there on the condition that it showed the city in a positive light.
Whilst much of 'The Avengers' (2012) was filmed in Cleveland in Ohio, 'Avengers: Age Of Ultron' (2015) was shot all over the place with locations including England, South Africa, Italy, Bangladesh, the USA and of course South Korea.
Filming in the capital city took place between March 30 and April 14 last year at various locations in Seoul. Now, I hadn't even seen the first Avengers movie, let alone the latest instalment when I was in town a few weeks ago (I have seen both movies since returning to Tokyo) but thankfully Ethan had, and was able to guide us around a couple of the filming locations.
Leaving our wives back at base, we went cycling along the Han River for about an hour each morning. First up we cycled across Banpo Bridge to the futuristic looking man-made islands around Banpo Hangang Park that supposedly brighten the vista of the river at night. The facility on the largest of the three artificial islands is known as Saebit Dungdungseom (below) which was built in 2011. It first appears around 79 minutes and serves as the I.T. institute of Dr. Helen Cho (Claudia Kim); a friend of the team who is forced by super villain Ultron to use her synthetic-tissue technology as well as vibranium and the scepter's gem, to perfect a new body for him.
The following morning, Ethan and I cycled west to Mapo Bridge (below) which crosses the Han River and connects the Mapo and Yeongdeunpo districts. During filming it was closed (at great cost) for approximately 12 hours so that they could film an action scene involving Captain America in pursuit of the cradle being whisked away by truck.
The Seoul set-pieces have been cleverly edited together and tend to blend into one but other areas include the Gangnam Subway Station intersection, Cheongdam Grand Bridge, and Star Park in Digital Media City in Sangam-dong.
Avengers stuff is everywhere in Seoul and the city seems very proud to have (finally) had a movie feature it. The War Memorial Of Korea museum, which we visited on our first day, had a special Avengers interactive exhibition allowing visitors to explore inside a full-size replica of Marvel's Avengers S.T.A.T.I.O.N. (Scientific Training and Tactical Intelligence Operative Network) including film props, interactive components, Hulk's laboratory, Iron Man's research institute, Thor's Space Tower, Marvel Merchandise and so on. Entrance is 25,000 won (approx. $25) so we gave it a miss but not before taking the cheesy photos below!
'Avengers: Age Of Ultron' is released in Japan on July 4th (…if you're ever looking for the release dates in Japan then my tip is to just scroll right to the bottom of the list on IMDb or whatever!)
'South Korea 2015 Pt IV' can be read here
Posted in Asia Filming Locations	| Tagged Avengers: Age Of Ultron movie locations Seoul, Banpo Hangang Park, Korean Ministry of Culture, Mapo Bridge, Saebit Dungdungseom, Star Park Digital Media City, The War Memorial Of Korea, things to do in seoul	| Leave a reply
Top 10……Filming Location Trips For 2014
Another year has passed and despite my reservations about the future of such 'top 10……filming locations' this time last year, I have managed to do enough locations to warrant another list. It's quite 007-centric and has in the main included just topping up pre-existing entries. Here then, in no particular order, is the Top 10……filming location trips for 2014…
1) Entrapment, 1999 (Click here)
2) The Hangover Part II, 2011 (Click here)
3) The Man With The Golden Gun, 1974 (Click here)
4) Tomorrow Never Dies, 1997 (Click here)
5) The Wolverine, 2013 (Click here)
6) Godzilla, 1954 (Click here)
7) Notting Hill, 1999 (Click here)
8) The World Is Not Enough, 1999 (Click here)
9) Skyfall, 2012 (Click here)
10) Quantum Of Solace, 2008 (Click here)
For the best filming locations for other years please click on the links below:
Posted in Asia Filming Locations, James Bond, Japan Filming Locations, London Filming Locations	| Tagged Entrapment Malaysia, godzilla filming locations, hangover 2 filming locations, notting hill london filming locations, quantum of solace filming locations, The Man With The Golden Gun bangkok filming locations, the wolverine filming locations, tomorrow never dies filming locations	| Leave a reply
Top 5……Films Set In Myanmar (Burma)
Myanmar (formerly Burma) will always have a special place in my heart as it's where I proposed on Christmas Day one year ago. However, choosing a ring wasn't the only preparation I did ahead of the trip as I also worked my way through a countless number of movies set in the country which has long suffered from internal conflict.
These struggles completely dominate almost all films set in Myanmar and due to the slight relaxation of control by their government the country is relatively calm these days but watching these films still doesn't do too much to put one's mind at ease!!
1. The Lady (2011) – Aung San Suu Kyi was released from house arrest in November 2010 whilst director Luc Besson was actually working on this biopic about the icon starring Michelle Yeoh. They were filming in Bangkok on a six week shoot at the time which was where most of the Myanmar scenes were filmed. Suu Kyi's lakeside mansion outside Rangoon was recreated to exact dimensions in Thailand in a setting identical to the real house.
Besson scouted locations himself in Myanmar and even filmed in disguise at landmarks such as the golden pagoda (Uppatasanti) and the aerial shots of the river were done on the sly via a rented helicopter crossing the border from Thailand to Burma.
2. Beyond Rangoon (1995) – Depicting the events during the 8888 Uprising in 1988. Its main star Patricia Arquette loses her passport at a political rally and, left to her own devices, she gets caught up in a fight for democracy as she and leader U Aung Ko travel through Burma as they try to escape to Thailand. The film, which has an emotional score by Hans Zimmer, was mostly shot in Malaysia with some scenes captured in Thailand. You can see it here
3. Rambo (2008) – Sly Stallone mumbled his way through war torn Burma to rescue a group of Christian aid workers in the long awaited (20 years!) follow up to 'Rambo III.' Burma is even more of a bloodbath than generalisations purvey as Rambo and a few cronies rampage their way through the whole country taking out the lot of them almost single handedly. Among his victims are a group of pirates and an entire squad of Burmese army soldiers whom he shoots with a jeep-mounted machine gun. Stallone justified this in a press conference by saying the violence in the film was to draw attention to the ongoing problems in the country.
4. Largo Winch II (2011) – The original title for what became more commonly known as 'The Burma Conspiracy' starring Tomer Sisley back as the title character alongside a much under-used Sharon Stone. Burma is only really seen in flashback scenes from a few years before and naturally it's not very nice stuff. I haven't seen the original Largo Winch film so sadly can't compare them in any way but this one, though a bit disjointed at times, was quite an entertaining watch and Largo's scenes with Malunaï (played by a Thai actress) were particularly moving at times.
5. Stealth (2005) – This poor-mans 'Top Gun' absolutely bombed at the box office and shows one scene quite early on in the film involving an aircraft bombing of a high-rise building in nighttime Rangoon.
You can read about my own trip to Yangon here
Posted in Asia Filming Locations	| Tagged Films set in Myanmar, movies set in Burma, Rambo Burma, Stealth, the burma conspiracy, The Lady Michelle Yeoh, watch beyond rangoon free, watch Largo Winch II	| Leave a reply
On Screen #6 – Afghanistan
Britain's war in Afghanistan ended recently after 13 years with the main British base at Camp Bastion being handed over to the locals who will be left to their own devices regarding the security of a province which has proved difficult to tame and has seen 453 Britons killed.
This landlocked Central Asian country has been torn by conflict for decades and for that reason (and pretty much that reason only!) has attracted the attention of film makers and TV executives who have used the various wars as a backdrop to tell their story. It should be no surprise that almost none of these productions have actually been shot in its actual location. Many countries have filled in for Afghanistan and it's this fakery which attracts the interest of me.
'Our Girl' (2014) aired on BBC1 in October with former Eastenders star Lacey Turner starring as the army medic deployed to Afghanistan as part of a a British Army infantry. She played Molly Dawes; the young working class adult who gets caught up in a love triangle of sorts. Serra Della Camp, a beautiful wildlife reserve in the Bonte Bok mountain range north of Cape Town in South Africa filled in for the country and the crew spent two and a half months filming there.
The same set was actually used for 'Bluestone 42' (2013); the BBC3 comedy drama series about a British bomb disposal detachment in Helmand Province. How nice of the BBC to save the license fee payers money by squeezing two shows out of the same set! The comedy focuses on the camaraderie between the soldiers, situational comedy, bureaucracy, conflicts of interests and relationships which is all in stark contrast to the deadly situations the potty-mouth soldiers are required to defuse. The end of the second series would've been a fitting and perfect place to bow out but I'm one of those rare people who doesn't mind his favourite shows coming to an end. However, it will return for a third series in 2015.
There was certainly no faking Helmand Province though in 'Ross Kemp In Afghanistan' (2008); the British documentary series which aired on Sky One for five episodes followed by another five for the follow up series which was titled 'Ross Kemp: Return To Afghanistan' (2008). Viewers were taken up close and personal to the realities of battle and the crew were even pinned down by fire from the Taliban, with Kemp enduring bullets passing within inches of him whilst in the second series he ran into a possible minefield.
Haven't seen it myself but 'Combat Hospital' (2006) was a Canadian TV show (one season, 13 episodes) set in Kandahar revolving around the life and work of doctors and nurses from the International Security Assistance Force (ISAF). Its creator actually travelled to Afghanistan to conduct first-hand research at a small military hospital where stories from medical personnel were collected to add realism to the show. Real images taken during that visit were blended in with all the other main Toronto-based scenes.
Onto movies then and Ben Stiller's romantic adventure comedy drama 'The Secret Life Of Walter Mitty' (2013) featured Afghanistan in the latter part with the Skogafoss waterfall and Vatnajökull National Park in Iceland used to replicate those scenes as this remote European country was used extensively for filming playing itself as well as Greenland. This film is unique in a sense as it includes Afghanistan for reasons other than the war!
It may be a great story but I wasn't such a fan of 'Lone Survivor' (2013), particularly the first three quarters of the movie which felt like a propaganda video at times and was more concerned with over-long military-style action scenes instead of characterisation. Bagram Airfield and the ancient city of Bagram itself are seen on screen but all was shot in New Mexico with Kirtland Air Force Base in Albuquerque doubling for the former. In fact, all filming took place in New Mexico (USA) in Chilili and the Sangre de Cristo Mountains in Santa Fe National Forest with the latter filling in as the Hindu Kush mountain range that stretches between Afghanistan and Pakistan whilst the former played host to several battles scenes as well as the Pashtun village protected in reality by Afghan villagers out of duty to their 2000 year old code of honour which requires a tribe to undertake the responsibility of safeguarding an individual against his enemies and protecting him at all costs. Their fight against the taliban continues…
'Born Of War' (2013) is set in part in the Wakhan Corridor; the narrow strip of territory in the north-east of Afghanistan extending into China and separating Tajikistan and Pakistan. This time it was Amman in Jordan which filled in for the war-torn country.
'The Patrol' (2013) claims to be the "British answer to Hurt Locker" and is an action drama film set in Helmland Province in 2006 exploring the relationships between a group of British soldiers as they grow disillusioned with the Afghan war. It was filmed entirely on location in the Agafahy desert which is about 40 miles from Marrakech in Morocco.
157 minutes may be too long for a movie where we all know the outcome but 'Zero Dark Thirty' (2012) still provides a very tense and breathtaking finale as the raid on Bin Laden's hideout (filmed on a specially constructed set in the deserts of Jordan) is played out on screen. The scenes of the Navy SEALs flying in to siege the place are compelling and with it shot to replicate the zero dark thirty (military code for the time 00:30) raid it brings another sense of meaning to the word dark in a film with very dark themes.
In 'Afghan Luke' (2011) we see a Canadian journalist going after a story of possible mutilation of corpses in this rocky, impoverished land which appear increasingly incomprehensible and surreal as the protagonist undergoes a series of bizarre adventures. The scenery is quite beautiful actually but naturally those Afghan mountains are not the real thing as British Columbia and Nova Scotia in Canada substitutes for Shirac and the ISAF Base.
Kunar Province in the northeastern part of Afghanistan appears on screen in 'Iron Man' (2008). It's where Tony Stark is captured and imprisoned in a cave after the army convoy is ambushed. Alabama Hills at Lone Pine on Route 395 in central California provide the strange Afghan rock formations. Once he's escaped from captivity in the prototype metal suit he lands 20 miles further south amid the white sands of the Olancha Sand Dunes. Edwards Air Force Base in southern California doubled up as Bagram Air Base.
Quite possibly one of the best films to be set in Afghanistan is 'The Kite Runner' (2007); an incredibly moving story about two childhood friends and what follows in their adult lives. The themes of friendship, family, human values, and courage under fire all feature and left a lasting impression on me. The film flashes back and forth and features Kabul in 1978 with production taking place in the cities of Kashgar and Tashkurgan in the Xinjiang region of China with film extras supplied by the Ugyur Community of the Autonomous Region of Xinjiang. Afghan scenes shot in the oasis city of Kashgar, China's most western city, include the kite tournament and the mosque where Amir prays whilst Tashkurgan was used for the opening kite duel scenes, the Pomegranate tree, and the Taliban compound where Amir meets Sohrab.
Sly Stallone's 'Rambo III' (1988) sees the main man go to rescue a longtime friend and mentor from a Soviet prison camp in Afghanistan. Whilst in Pakistan a weapons supplier agrees to take Rambo to a village deep in the Afghan desert where the usual carnage of such a film takes place with the Mujahideen warriors eventually supporting the hero in his mission. Peshawar in Pakistan played host to the Afghan market scene.
The Middle-Eastern landscapes in 'The Beast' (1988) were recreated in Israel (if I can be so vague to pinpoint a movies shooting locations to a whole country!). This movie, which often goes by the name of 'The Beast Of War', follows a Russian tank crew during the Russian occupation of Afghanistan which finds itself separated from fellow tankers and relentless pursued by Mujaheddin fighters.
For Timothy Dalton's debut outing as 007 in 'The Living Daylights' (1987) Afghanistan was actually filmed in the desert of Ouarzazate in Morocco which has been used in many films. The standout sequence in "Afghanistan" sees Bond escape from a Russian air base by aircraft. Whilst trying to diffuse a bomb he is attacked by henchman, Necros and as they scrap away the loading ramp opens and a net containing opium bags tumbles out of the back of the plane taking Bond and Necros with it. The net remains attached to the aircraft as the two men fight to the death clinging on to it as it hangs in the wind.
Tom Selleck starred as a heavy drinking pilot hired by a society heiress to find her missing father in adventure-romance film 'High road to China' (1983). Their journey in two biplanes takes them through six countries with mount Kamenjak near Rijeka in Croatia appearing to look like Afghanistan.
Adapted from the Rudyard Kipling short story, 'The Man Who Would Be King' (1975) starred Sean Connery, Michael Caine and Christopher Plummer. It was shot on location in Morocco with the Atlas Mountains, perennial favourite Ouarzazate as well as Glen Canyon in Utah (USA) used to replicate the historical region of Kafiristan which is now known as Nuristan in modern-day Afghanistan.
The events of the original Flashman's exploits in Afghanistan feature in a brief flashback in 'Royal Flash' (1975) with the head of the Rugby School recounting this tale. 'Khyber Patrol' (1954) was about the struggle between the British army and local tribes who want help from Russia. It takes place on the Afghanistan border although the outdoor sets look remarkably similar to the ones used in many westerns of the time!
So there we have it, over a dozen movies set in Afghanistan but filmed in the likes of South Africa, Canada, China, Iceland, Jordan, Morocco, Croatia, Pakistan, Israel and the USA. Apart from the Ross Kemp series' (and the news!) the only time I've seen the real Afghan landscape is in a short ten minute documentary titled 'Skateistan: To Live and Skate Kabul' (Watch it here) which follows the lives of two young skateboarders from Afghanistan and juxtaposes the harsh reality of life in Kabul with the hopes and ambitions of the country's children.
Now there have been loads of war-related films and TV programmes set in Afghanistan and it is nigh on impossible to list them all here. This is just a selection of the one's I've seen or know about but if you know of any others then please let me know in the comments or on twitter via @tokyo_fox
You can see previous On Screen articles by clicking on the links below:
On Screen #1 – Vietnam (Click here)
On Screen #2 – Istanbul (Click here)
On Screen #3 – Myanmar (Burma) (Click here)
On Screen #4 – Brazil (Click here)
On Screen #5 – Thailand (Click here)
Posted in Asia Filming Locations	| Tagged afghan luke movie location, afghanistan on screen, films set in afghanistan, Iron Man afghanistan film locations, the secret life of walter mitty afghanistan scene, where was Bluestone 42 filmed?, where was combat hospital filmed?, where was Our Girl filmed?, where was zero dark thirty filmed?	| Leave a reply
Top 5……Tokyo Bridges In Cinema!
These structures built to span such physical obstacles like water or roads come in many different designs and so often they don't get the recognition they deserve. When you think about it, hardly ever does a character cross a bridge without something happening whether it be a deadly battle, a car crashing through the railings, something being dropped or tossed away, a heart to heart discussion or a monster destroying a landmark one.
Bridges have always had a part to play in cinema and they have served well in transporting characters into a new phase of life and I am on hand to acknowledge the role five Tokyo-based ones (as well as a bonus Saitama one!) have played in films over the years.
So without further ado, and in no particular order, here is the top 5…….Tokyo bridges in cinema!
1. Yanagibashi Bridge, Taito-ku: The Grudge (2004) – This green bridge opens up this American re-make of the Japanese horror movie 'Ju-on' (2002) and just a stones throw away is the apartment of Peter who for some reason walks over to his balcony and then rolls over it and plummets to his death below. Now, as that's in the first minute of the film I don't really consider it a spoiler!! More details here
2. Tsukuda-bashi Bridge, Chuo-ku: The Toxic Avenger Part II (1989) – This striking red bridge first appears on the hour mark as the Toxic Avenger is re-united with his long lost Japanese father. Five minutes later and a very silly fight ensues between Toxie and his fathers team of henchmen which continues on back to the bridge in question. More details here
3. Yasakuni-dori Bridge, Shinjuku-ku: The Wolverine (2013) – Appearing on 19 minutes is the usual shot of Yasukuni dori in Shinjuku which has featured in so many movies and TV programmes over the years and I guess it's become the classic shot (alongside Shibuya crossing) of the neon lights of Tokyo really hitting the foreigner visiting these shores. More details here
It can be seen more recently in 'Godzilla' (2014) as well as the Steven Seagal classic 'Into The Sun' (2005). More details here
4. Kachidoki Bridge, Chuo-ku: Godzilla (1954) – In his 15 minutes of terror, the final place to be destroyed by Gojira before returning to the ocean was this bridge (63 mins) which stretches across Sumidagawa River. More details here
5. Hamarikyu Gardens Bridge, Chuo-ku: Into The Sun (2005) – A reflective Seagal cuts a lonesome figure on one of the gardens bridges amid the cherry blossoms in the films final moments (91 mins). More details here
Bonus: Tokorozawa Bridge, Tokorozawa: Ju-on: The Grudge 2 (2006) – A bridge too far? Certainly not! Every good Tokyo Fox listings feature needs an extra one and this one is technically not in Tokyo but as it's just over the border in Saitama it can qualify as the bonus bridge. It features in the films dramatic final chapter on 82 minutes and that's all I can really say! The match-up photo's below though do give some hint as to what happens as the film comes to a climax! More details here
Honorary Mention: Rainbow bridge is of course the most famous and picturesque bridge in Tokyo and is seen in both 'Kill Bill: Volume I' (2003) and 'Lost In Translation' (2003) but rightly or wrongly that one didn't quite make this list.
Posted in Asia Filming Locations, Japan Filming Locations	| Leave a reply
Review: Films Inspired By Japan – Sgt. Kabukiman N.Y.P.D. (1990)
London Filming Locations: GoldenEye (1995)
#ForceFriday – The Journey Towards The New Star Wars Movie Has Begun
Africa Filming Locations
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Japan Filming Locations
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TF Film Review
The reality is it was filmed in #Sydney & the tower was added digitally! The building to the left and the foot of t… twitter.com/i/web/status/1… 7 hours ago
This is what the tower really looks like (or did as this pic was taken in 2014!) https://t.co/58HhC9tcBy 7 hours ago
This is how the Nakagin Capsule Tower In #Ginza appears on screen in #TheWolverine movie in 2013. The foot of the b… twitter.com/i/web/status/1… 7 hours ago
@skelporter Ah that explains it! Thanks very much! 8 hours ago
Mukasari Ema (ムカサリ絵馬) is not exactly a common Japanese ritual but it is 1 that is done in certain parts of… twitter.com/i/web/status/1… 8 hours ago
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Seeing His Beauty
Last weekend I was reminded again of why we do what we do. One of our volunteers had been given the opportunity to share with his church about why he serves with CLA-LA. I always like to hear our story told by our volunteers, interns, and clients: it reminds me of the incredible heart change and people-to-people connections that happen when we meet to serve. What he said has been resonating with me this week.
He spoke, not of forms or numbers or accomplishments, but of beauty. We serve because as we do, we see and partake in the beauty of the gospel. We are reminded of the sacrifice that was made for us, and the unfathomable grace we have been given. We allow ourselves to be confronted with our own brokenness, our own prejudice, our own weakness. We are drawn out of ourselves and are invited into the Kingdom. We bring our meager efforts and see them engulfed in the momentum of our Lord's insatiable, unfathomable, triumphant love.
Too often I see the work that we do as merely words on an 11" computer screen. At times, all I think about are the lists of calls left to be made, the piles of paperwork left to sort through, and the miles of concrete left to be traversed. But CLA-LA is so much more than that. It's you — our volunteers, donors, hosts, prayer partners, families, and friends. It is people laying down their lives in service of a better community and a more eternal justice. Most of all, it is our Father at work delighting in, suffering with, providing for, and redeeming His people.
Why do we serve? Because nothing can compare to the beauty of His love.


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Bomber Groups
Fighter Groups
Alex Zamry
Alex N Zamry served his country in World War II with the 40th Bombardment Group .
MIA (Missing In Action)
Major Alex Zamry was MIA 5 June 1944.
The information on this page about Alex Zamry has been obtained through a possible variety of sources incluging the serviceman themselves, family, copies of military records that are in possession of the Army Air Corps Library and Museum along with data obtained from other researchers and sources including AF Archives at Air Force Historical Research Agency and the U.S. National Archives.
If you have more information concerning the service of Alex Zamry, including pictures, documents and other artifacts that we can add to this record, please Contact Us.
20af.org, Copyright 2022, Army Air Corps Library and Museum, Inc., All Rights Reserved


One minute before half time against Panama, Harry Kane delivers another goal for England, putting him on the road to hat trick heaven. Meanwhile, a special team of fans at National Grid HQ was watching football on the job but they had a solid excuse.
They are known as the Balancing Team, and while they were gripped by the electric atmosphere like everyone else, they also had a very different reason to be watching so closely. This team was on the lookout for the Half-Time Kettle Effect or "TV Pickup" - a uniquely British tea-powered electricity surge that can reach epic proportions.
What happens when everyone in the UK watches the World Cup at the same time?
This past Sunday, 14 million fans watched the England v Panama match in the UK alone. As the half time whistle blew, it was time for hundreds of thousands of celebratory cuppas. Within a few seconds of each other, around 300,000 kettles began to whistle with euphoria across the British Isles and our national electricity demand shot up faster than Jamie Vardy bursting through a hapless defence.
The National Grid shows electricity almost in real time. Below you can see what the Kettle Effect or TV Pickup looked like at half time for England's recent game against Panama.
During the match, electricity demand was bobbing up and down by a few dozen Kilowatts give or take. But, as soon as the first half drew to a close, we got a very different story and a ski ramp increase came out of nowhere with electricity demand that skyrocketed by around 1000 Kilowatts in 5 minutes flat. Britain suddenly goes bonkers for tea and the balance of power is in peril.
Where does the latest England World Cup game rank in terms of raw peak power usage?
Unfortunately, the England v Panama game does not even dent the top ten. In fact, its TV Pickup is more in the neighbourhood of an episode of Corrie or Eastenders that your mum and her friends found particularly exciting.
Don't fret, this doesn't mean that our beautiful game is in dire straits. In recent years, the impact of the Kettle Effect or TV Pickup has been somewhat mitigated by our changing TV habits as less people tune in to live TV (outside of major events) because streaming services like BBC iPlayer and Netflix have turned out to be game-changers. Nonetheless, major football events will still require the National Grid to be at the top of its game for the foreseeable future.
Defence: Seven nuclear power stations can be relied on for solid power generation even if Gareth Southgate were ever to blow a gasket.
Midfield: A dozen or so major gas power stations are pretty quick on their feet and keep up with the overall pace of electricity demand.
Up front: The star striker and patron saint of the National Grid is none other than Dinorwig Hydro Station in North Wales. By releasing stored water from its colossal reservoirs, it can ramp up to full power faster than an Alan Shearer thunderbolt into the top corner. It can keep up with this ludicrous display six hours straight.
Subs: Wind turbines, solar panels and biomethane plants can be subbed in to shore up the wings but they are still a little too green today to completely come off the sideline. They are the ones to keep an eye on as other energy players start to retire in the years to come.
You will also have energy generators from across the channel that can fill in for any domestic energy shortfalls though it can cost a pretty penny if we are not careful.
Boiling water to make a cuppa requires a lot more power than other things you do at half time, like turning the lights on. Electric tea kettles are a traditionally British contraption designed to conveniently quench our thirst for tea. Unfortunately, too many people in Britain tend to overfill their kettles.
On a regular day, it just means they are wasting a bit more electricity but during a World Cup game where potentially 5 million people could be brewing their finest cuppas or getting a cold beer out of the fridge, the impact can get out of control faster than Gary Lineker eating a bag of crisps, if not managed properly.
Our obsession with tea could bring the power grid to its knees and push British society to the brink of massive power cuts if we are not careful.
Is watching the World Cup bad for the environment?
Dirty coal and gas fired power stations cannot spool up fast enough to defend against the Kettle Effect. Hydroelectric power is the secret weapon that lets the National Grid stay on the ball. Since it does not hinge on burning fuel to generate energy, hydroelectric power is actually greener than most.
Hydroelectric (hydro for short) power is renewable energy that only needs water and gravity to get the job done. It has been around in one form or another even before the Roman Empire was a going concern. The good news is that dams get refilled by free rainfall or rivers feeding into them, no dangerous chemicals or large chimneys there.
On the flipside, hydroelectric power stations work because reinforced concrete dams contain unthinkable amounts of water and its energy potential. Their construction is always a large scale affair that upturns whole valleys in the process. What was once a habitat for plants and animals is flooded and destroyed forever, and in some cases villages and small towns are also swept up because of our need for more power.
Is power more expensive during the World Cup?
Your electricity provider can be one of the Big Six (the Premier League of energy) or an independent supplier (more like the Championship). Both offer fixed tariffs that protect you from price changes for a period of time. If you are not on that, then you will be on a variable tariff, which tracks the rollercoaster that is the energy market. However, your energy company has to give you advance warning (usually a month) of any changes to your pricing.
The World Cup will not send your electric bill skyrocketing just because England goes tea mad during half time.
The National Grid has got your back making sure electricity costs do not get out of hand. Peak energy demand from the Kettle Effect is met with hydroelectric power created when water is released from reservoirs, it is cheaper than many other ways of making electricity as well as being greener too.


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How is replacing 1000 Rupee notes with 2000 going to help: Rahul to PM Modi
New Delhi [India], Nov. 9 : Joining the chorus of protest against the Centre's move to demonetize Rs 500 and 1000 notes, Congress vice president Rahul Gandhi on Wednesday asserted that ordinary people in the nation have been thrown into chaos, and asked Prime Minster Narendra Modi as to how replacing 1000 Rupee notes with 2000 Rupee notes makes black money hoarding harder.
Expressing his ire on Twitter, Rahul said that this step was a testimony of how little the Prime Minister cared about the ordinary people who included farmers, shopkeepers and housewives.
"While the real culprits sit tight on their black money stashed away abroad or in bullion/ real estate.Well done Mr Modi.
One Q for the PM: How is replacing 1000 rs notes with 2000 rs notes going to make black money hoarding a lot harder? #Modilogic," the Congress vice president stated.
The Congress and the Trinamool Congress (TMC) have hit out at the Centre saying that while they welcomed any move to check black money, this development would hit small traders, small businessmen, and the common man celebrating festivals and weddings.
Speaking to ANI, TMC spokesperson Derek said that his party has always been opposed to corruption in any form, but this is not the way to go about it.
"The Prime Minister promised bringing black money back from foreign accounts, besides other promises that were made before elections, but none of those have been kept.
Now instead of brining back money from illegal accounts abroad, this is putting the common man under pressure," he said.
In a surprise late-evening televised address to the nation, Prime Minister Modi said the notes in circulation can be exchanged at banks till December 30th, adding that some concessions will be allowed for use of these notes at hospitals and crematoriums, and to buy air, rail and bus tickets till November 11th.
But the short notice sparked concern among people who then formed long queues outside ATMs across India, attempting to withdraw smaller bank notes.
"Banks will be closed tomorrow. It will cause some hardship to you. Let us ignore these hardships. In a country's history there come some moments when every person feels he too should be a part of it," the Prime Minister said.
Everyone from the common man to Dalal Street experts lauded the government's ban on Rs. 500 and Rs. 1,000 notes. However, the move is expected to hit many sectors such as real estate and jewellery, where cash transactions are widespread.
Sectors like real estate and jewellery that use more of black money will take a big knock after Prime Minister Narendra Modi's massive crackdown with the withdrawal of Rs.
500 and Rs. 1,000 notes. Real estate stocks have taken a pounding in early trade as the sector is expected to feel the heat of the government's move.
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The Firm have successfully handled and/or litigated thousands of personal injury claims.
The cases below are but a few of those handled. There is not enough space to list all verdicts and recoveries. Obviously, each case differs as to the facts, liability and damages. Past results do not guaranty future results. The Firm believes that these case results evidence the fact that it regularly handles large personal injury claims. All results are before fees and expenses. Your inquiry is encouraged if you feel you have a case. Please Contact Us Immediately.
A truck driver was involved in a roll-over accident due to being cut-off during rush hour traffic. The defendants claimed that they were not at fault and the Plaintiff over-reacted and caused the roll-over. Further, the defendants claimed that the Plaintiff was a poor father and contested damages.
The client suffered severe traumatic injuries to his arm, shoulder and hip which required multiple surgeries and left him unable to work.
Over the years, our firm has successfully represented numerous associations for construction defects. Most recently, KWBR successfully represented a community association against numerous contractors and other parties respecting construction defects. The litigation was contentiously defended and went to trial. KWBR was able to force the defendants to settle the case during the scheduled six week trial for approximately $3,800,000.00.
The client was rear-ended and suffered significant damages.
A medical condition was mis-diagnosed.
The client was killed due to a defective product. Defendants contested liability and a lawsuit was filed. Expert witnesses were essential to this recovery.
The case involved the wrongful death of an elderly gentleman due to an automobile accident. The firm immediately retained expert witnesses to reconstruct the accident and to prove the fault of the other driver. Damages included the consortium loss of his spouse, economic losses to the decedent's estate, as well as other economic claims. Our law firm filed claims against several insurers and we recovered 100% of the available insurance coverage.
The client was injured in an automobile accident and suffered lower back injuries requiring surgery. The Firm successfully proved significant permanent injuries as well as a loss of income capacity. The evidence that was presented included detailed medical and economic analysis of these damages. The Firm recovered the full amount of the available primary insurance policy, as well as additional monies under an excess insurance policy. The result was $1,100,000.00, for the Plaintiff.
The case involved serious injuries suffered at a private club by a patron due to negligent security. Our firm immediately retained an expert to document the extent of the injuries and the effect it would have on the client's quality of life. We also hired an expert to investigate the circumstances of the event and the failure of the club to protect its patrons. We immediately filed claims against those responsible and recovered 100% of the available insurance coverage.
The client was injured and suffered neck injuries requiring surgery. Although he recovered, his earning capacity was significantly affected. The Firm was successful in recovering the full amount of the available insurance policy, $1,000,000.00, for the Plaintiff.
The client was a passenger in a motor vehicle accident and died. A lawsuit was filed and the defendant contested liability. The litigation was lengthy and involved numerous experts hired by both sides. The defendant paid the full amount of the insurance policy prior to trial.
The client was injured on a job site due to the defective loading of construction equipment.
The client was a pedestrian struck by a vehicle. A minimal settlement offer was made and the Firm filed a lawsuit. The case was settled prior to trial.
The client was a passenger injured in an automobile accident. The client recovered but had permanent injuries and wage losses.
The client was a passenger in a sedan that was injured in an automobile accident involving a commercial truck. The client recovered but had permanent neck and back injuries. Liability was contested and we hired an expert to perform a detailed accident reconstruction. This established that the driver of the commercial truck was speeding and was negligent in its operation. We recovered $760,000.00 for the Plaintiff.
The client was the driver of an automobile struck by a commercial vehicle that suffered injuries to his spine. Expert witnesses were retained to document the significance of the injuries and their effect on the client's quality of life. We were able to successfully resolve the matter with the attorneys for the other driver.
We look forward to discussing the particular facts of any case with prospective clients. All personal injury claims are handled on a contingent fee basis. No fees or costs are paid unless the Firm recovers monies for the client.


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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Ecolab Ranks in Top 25 on the Just 100 List of Companies at the Forefront of Responsible Capitalism
Ecolab Brasil
For further information about Ecolab's products and solutions, fill out the form and an Ecolab representative will contact you. Or call us at 0800 704 1409
Ecolab ranks #22 on the 2021 Just 100 list.
ST. PAUL, Minn. – Oct. 14, 2020 – Ecolab Inc., the global leader in water, hygiene and infection prevention solutions and services, ranks #22 overall and #1 in the chemicals industry on the 2021 Just 100 list. Developed by Forbes and Just Capital, this year's Just 100 rankings analyzed how the nation's largest publicly traded companies invest in their workers, support their communities, respect their customers, deliver value to shareholders and reduce environmental impact.
"At Ecolab, we understand that to be successful, we must have simultaneous focus on our social, environmental and economic performance," said Ecolab Chairman and CEO Douglas M. Baker, Jr. "We are a purpose driven company, and our capacity to make a difference couldn't be more important, given the many challenges the world is facing today, with racial inequity, the health and economic impacts of COVID-19, water scarcity and climate change foremost among them."
For this year's rankings, Just Capital evaluated 928 of the nation's largest publicly traded companies using data from public reports, surveys and crowdsourced repositories, and weighed the data based on what more than 110,000 Americans consider to be the most important aspects of business behavior: treatment of workers, community, customers, shareholders and the environment. This year, the ranking methodology also included the corporate response to the COVID-19 pandemic.
The complete 2021 Just 100 list is available on Forbes.com and in the November print issue of the magazine. Additional information is available at Just Capital.com.


Intro: Start on Vocals. (No Tags or Restarts).
[1 – 8] Left Rhumba Box Forward, Side Together Side, Behind Side Cross.
1 & 2 Step left to left side, right beside left, forward on left.
3 & 4 Step right to right side, left beside right, back on right.
5 & 6 Step left to left side, right beside left, left to left side.
7 & 8 Step right behind left, left to left side, cross right over left.
[9 – 16] Left Side Tap Side, Behind Side, Left Crossing Shuffle, Side Together Back, Side Together.
1 & 2 Step left to left side, tap right beside left, step right to right side.
3& Step left behind right, right to right side.
4 & 5 Cross left over right, left to left side, cross left over right.
6 & 7 Step right to right side, left beside right, back on right.
8& Step left to left side, right beside left.
[17 – 24] Step 1/4 Left, Touch 1/4 Paddle Left X 2, Step, Touch 1/4 Paddle Right X 2, Left Shuffle.
1 Step left forward making 1/4 turn left. (9.00).
2&3& Touch right toe forward, make 1/4 turn left, touch right toe forward, make 1/4 turn left. (3.00).
4 Step forward on right.
5&6& Touch left toe forward, make 1/4 turn right, touch left toe forward, make 1/4 turn right. (9.00).
7 & 8 Step forward on left, right beside left, forward on left. (9.00).
[25 – 32] Right Mambo 1/2 Turn Right, Triple 1/2 Right, Right Coaster , Step Touch Back.
1 & 2 Rock forward onto right, recover on left, make 1/2 turn right stepping forward on right. (3.00).
3 & 4 Moving back triple 1/2 turn right on left, right, left. (9.00).
5 & 6 Step back on right, left beside right, forward on right.
7&8 Step forward on left, touch right behind left, step back on right.
Ending: Count 32 – 1/4 turn right stomping right forward.


Home › Zourman hi-hat conversion kit › How to calibrate 2box DrumIt Three & Roland VH-12/13?
I recently made a new instruction video for 2box on how to calibrate the DrumIt Three module with Roland's hi-hat VH-12 & VH-13.
As usual there is also a written quickstart guide available to read more about how to deal with hi-hats on DrumIt Three.
‹ Merry Christmas & Happy New Year!


08/02/1467 Election of Sussex's council : HAM have obtained the absolute majority of the seats.
LONDON (AAP) – The list The Ham Party have taken the lead in the Sussex county council election race, and have gained an absolute majority of the seats. They can govern alone.


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The KGB of South Ossetia announced an increase in provocations and regular aerial reconnaissance of UAVs by Georgia
The South Ossetian State Security Committee has noted that the Georgian side continues to prevent the Georgian and international NGOs from obtaining objective information about the processes taking place on the South Ossetian-Georgian state border, restricting freedom of movement, and is also engaged in direct disinformation of the Georgian population, the Tbilisi leadership and its western curators. This is stated in the message of the special service on Tuesday.
Under these conditions, the Republican KGB, through the patriotic representatives of the Georgian NGO movement, continues to receive information about the processes taking place on the border territory.
"So, on the state border section, in the area of the village of Uista (Tsnelis), the Georgian side is trying to simulate the situation that preceded the unlawful post of the Georgian Ministry of Internal Affairs in August 2019. In a forest located in the area of the village of Chorchana of the Khashur municipality are recorded marks and symbols made by paint on trees. In 2019, the Tbilisi regime, before the start of the "Tsnelis crisis," held a similar event, presenting the marking of the area as an activity of the Border Service of the RSO KGB, after which the illegal post of the Georgian law enforcement agencies was installed, " the message reads.
The Committee has noted that in the northeastern outskirts of the settlement of Chorchana a new post of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Georgia has been constructed, the object is located in a forest belt, and at least five police officers are registered there.
"As part of the development of border infrastructure, the Tbilisi regime announced the start of the construction of a 3-kilometer stretch of the Brolosani-Chorchana asphalt road, which will allow the Georgian side to ensure the fastest possible redeployment of additional forces and funds to the region. A hospital has been deployed in the village of Abisi, Karelian municipality, ostensibly for coronavirus patients. The arrangement of premises and the placement of medical equipment is carried out in an empty municipal building. The activities of the medical institution are monitored by representatives of the EU Monitoring Mission in Georgia (EUMM), "the text says.
The KGB specifies that vehicles and medical personnel of the private medical clinic "Private" are reordered on the hospital's territory.
In addition, according to the committee, on June 12 at 8.55 over the territory of Georgia bordering the Leningor District of South Ossetia, was recorded the fact of flying a light turboprop aircraft.
"The aircraft was moving at a distance of up to 500 meters from the state border and conducted aerial reconnaissance. It should be noted that, despite the involvement of the" hot line "in this incident, there was no response from the Georgian side and the EUMM about the goals and reasons for the flight, » the KGB noted.
The increase in provocations, the regular use by the Tbilisi regime for aerial reconnaissance of UAVs, helicopters and light-engine aircraft, the strengthening of the existing and the deployment of new Georgian Interior Ministry posts along the state border line, the deep crisis in the economic and domestic spheres caused by the pandemic and the elections to the Georgian Parliament, scheduled for autumn 2020., as well as the inaction of the EU Monitoring Mission, are considered by the State Security Committee of the Republic of South Ossetia as actual threats to regional security, which can lead to an escalation of tension on the South Ossetian-Georgian state border.
Assessing the current situation, the KGB of South Ossetia has emphasized that all the border facilities of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Georgia, as well as the possible directions of penetration of violators of the state border, are in control zones and sectors of impact of the border forces of South Ossetia.
Ministry of Foreign Affairs of South Ossetia appointed its representatives in the BSEC countries
Batradz Pliev has been appointed the official representative of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of South Ossetia in Korea
Interests of South Ossetia in Turkey will be represented by Khosity Burhan
Aspects of the investment attractiveness of South Ossetia were discussed by representatives of Tskhinval and Samara
Dmitry Medoev discussed with Andrey Belyaninov the possibilities of implementing joint projects
In South Ossetia, there has been registered another daily anti-record for the incidence of COVID-19
Anatoly Bibilov thanked the doctors from Donbass for helping their South Ossetian colleagues
Coronavirus epidemic, new types of medical services and other issues: Anatoly Bibilov met with the Health Minister
The Georgian citizen detained at the state border of South Ossetia has been handed over to the authorities
The CEC of South Ossetia approved the procedure for nominating presidential candidates
Anti-records of COVID-19 incidence have been registered in South Ossetia for the fourth day in a row
Pre-election campaign for the upcoming presidential elections in April has started in South Ossetia
Let tragedies happen only on the stage: the premiere of a play about the genocide took place in Tskhinval
The ICRC extended its stay in South Ossetia for a year
Historical document: 13 years ago, the Agreement on Friendship, Cooperation and Mutual Assistance between South Ossetia and Russia entered into force


Quick, Fast and Efficient. Jim's Pool Pump Repair Townsville Will Make Sure Your Pool is Clean and Safe to Swim In.
If your swimming pool and spa pump is broken you need it fixed quickly – none of us want a pool turning green and the hassle of getting it back up to standard. Every service person at Jim's pool pump repair service in Townsville is a trained expert in a great variety of different pool pumps including Major Brands. Jim's are the reliable pool pump specialists and always quick to respond to your urgent needs.
Is Your Pump Under Warranty?
This is the first question we will ask you at Jim's pump repair Townsville. We deal with all of the major pool pump brands and take care of any pool pump warranty repairs without any further hassles to you.
But what if my pool pump is not under warranty?
Chances are your pump is running 365 days a year.
If you have an average size pool you are probably running the pump for about 8 hours.
During this time it is expected to circulate the entire volume of your pool through the filter – twice.
Suppose you thought that your old pump was up to the task, have you really looked at what sort of condition it is in?
Exactly how old is it?
8 years? 10 years? 15 years? All of this time it has been enduring the tropical conditions of Townsville – blazing sun, battering cyclones, hail and thunderous electrical storms. Yet you still believe it is up to the task?
Well here's further food for thought.
Just how much energy is your pool pump using? Modern pool pumps are designed to be extremely energy efficient. Installing a new pool pump that is perfect for your swimming pool and spa could mean having your outlay returned in energy savings over a period of 1 – 2 years. So that's quite a saving in the long run and quite a bit to take into consideration.
Perhaps your warranty has not long expired, so your pump isn't too old and you believe your pump is worth repairing. A new motor from Jim's Pool Care Townsville will come with a warranty and will breathe new life into your pool pump. Jim's pump repair service will come out to your home and assess your current pool pump. Once your Jim's pool service person is there, they'll be happy to chat about your needs.
For pool pump repair and anything at all related to swimming pool and spa care and maintenance, call Jim's Pool Care Townsville.


Can you give a forever home and new life to one of these adorable dogs?
The eighth series of Cold Feet has already seen several highs and lows, but tonight's poignant scenes had fans crying.
Tonight's episode saw Jenny Gifford (played by Fay Ripley) start chemotherapy, supported by fellow "cancer buddy" Charlie.
Charlie tried to encourage Jenny to join the hospital choir, which she eventually did before revealing it was "the best decision" she had made.
Jenny then went out wig shopping with Karen Marsden (Hermione Norris) and jumped at the chance to be the face of Karen's new book, agreeing to take part in a photoshoot.
While it was great to see a new lease of life in Jenny since her diagnosis, fans were even happier with scenes involving daughter Chloe Gifford (Madeline Edmondson).
Pete Gifford (John Thomson) found himself in a dilemma when Chloe, terrified her mum is going to die, asked him to formally adopt her.
Initially he declined, telling her Jenny would be fine, but following a heartbreaking email from Chloe, was left in bits and agreed to the adoption.
Viewers instantly took to social media following the emotional episode.
"Chloe's email had me crying so much. #ColdFeet," posted another.
"Cold Feet was full of ups and downs with David finally telling the truth about being Homeless and facing his Daughter Olivia failing her English Exam, Chloe getting adopted by her Dad Grant and after the Kiss at the Festival two weeks ago Adam and Karen are one together. #ColdFeet," said another.
"Yes! Yes! Yes! Had me in tears yet again. Love this series #ColdFeet," cried another.
Elsewhere in the episode, Karen and Adam's (James Nesbitt) double date became awkward after Adam jibed about Dan being a vicar.
Things went from bad to worse as Dan then challenged Adam and reminded Karen of who she used to be.
However, this caused Adam turmoil as he struggled to shut out his feelings for Karen, but ultimately they were back together by the end of the episode.
Homeless David, who was seen to take refuge at the airport, was saved by his close friends after a chance encounter with his ex-wife Robyn.
Cold Feet concludes next Monday on ITV at 9pm.


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Bruce McLean From 'Spaghetti alle Vongole Twice' Revisited
1 Oct 2010 – 28 Nov 2010
The New Art Gallery Walsall
Walsall, United Kingdom
Gallery Square
Walsall, WS2 8LG
WS2 8LG
Save Event: Bruce McLean From 'Spaghetti alle Vongole Twice' Revisited
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Bruce Mclean has always been a rebel within the art world. In 1965 he abandoned conventional studio production in favour of impermanent sculptures using materials such as water. In a 1971 performance he used his own body to parody the poses of Henry Moore's celebrated reclining figures. When in 1972 he was offered an exhibition at the Tate Gallery, he opted, with obviously mocking intent, for a 'retrospective' lasting only one day. He continued to use humour to confront the pretensions of the art world and wider social issues such as the nature of bureaucracy and institutional politics. In this exhibition he presents a reworking of a 1994 sculpture presented to The New Art Gallery Walsall's collection by Credit Suisse Boston through the Art Fund.
Facebook The New Art Gallery Walsall
Twitter @newartgallery


How is SWOLF score calculated?
SWOLF score is the easiest way to measure a swimmer's overall efficiency (abbreviation for "Swim Golf").
Calculation: Split Time (in seconds) + Strokes.
A lower SWOLF score means that your stroke is more efficient (similar to golf).


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This Tree Kinda Ruined My Fourth Of July
Dave Overlund Published: July 6, 2021
What an awesome Fourth of July weekend it was! The weather was great, people are out and about again and the St. Cloud fireworks show was back!
Unlike last year's weird "We are going to shoot off these fireworks from somewhere at some time good luck seeing them everyone" event, the fireworks were done on the river like God intended.
My three-year-old usually goes to bed at seven p.m. because we all have to get up so ding-dang early to do the morning show most days. At about 7 on Sunday night my wife Ashli asked if we could let our son, Charlie, stay up late to watch the fireworks.
I said yes, foolishly thinking there was no way that he was actually going to make it that late and I'd get to go to bed at a decent hour.
Narrator: I did not get to bed at a decent hour.
He actually made it, which meant that we had to load up the car and head to the fireworks. We arrived at the tech college parking lot around 9:30 and found a spot off to the side in case we had to leave early due to a tired toddler.
After a rousing round of sparklers and poppers (the most dangerous fireworks allowed in Minnesota), the show was set to begin. Charlie wasn't sure what to expect but I am guessing he expected more than one-tenth of a firework only visible between the branches of a tall tree.
I chose a terrible spot that just happened to have an abnormally tall tree exactly in the line of sight for the fireworks. Oops.
Since he didn't really know better I don't think he was too disappointed but I was! We piled back into the car and tried to find a better spot but by then it was too late.
So it begins, my friends. Now that he has a taste for fireworks we will have to chase the dragon looking for the best fireworks show around, staying up until midnight, fighting traffic, etc, every single year.
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