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Architecture Free Guide
CENTRE POMPIDOU. Controversy in the heart of Paris
by Helena | Feb 5, 2014 | architecture
Renzo Piano + Richard Rogers |
Paris, France [1970-1977]
I still remember the first Building that struck me before starting my Architecture Degree, and the fact is that the Centre Pompidou cannot leave anyone indifferent. It surprised me to see photos of its superstructure, but even more its location in the old town of Paris. Nevertheless, even though I thought it was out of place as a result of my ignorance, I was immediately seduced by it. Let us try to understand it better through its history.
In 1970 took place the architecture competition for the Beaubourg site, which was the beginning of one of the most important museums of contemporary art in the whole world.
The competition had an international jury headed by Jean Prouvé, one of the French architects who mixed Technology and Architecture in the 50s, and who was invited by Le Corbusier in 1929 to join the Union des Artistes Modernes -UAM-. Thanks to him the winners were Renzo Piano and Richard Rogers, who were 33 and 37 years-old respectively at that moment, who submitted an innovative project based on technology. It should be pointed out that among the 681 participants in the competition, the winners were the only ones who used half of the site to offer a public square for the quarter. Nowadays, this space is as important as the building itself.
The construction started in 1972, and it wasn't until 1977 that the Beaubourg, another name for the building, opened its doors to the public. Its prime mover was the President of France Georges Pompidou, who died in the course of the construction, causing its delay. In any case, the opening of the center was a huge success.
Even so, the building provoked an enormous controversy among Parisians, who considered it as a threat. It is amusing to remember the different names that people have used for the Centre Pompidou, as Our Lady of Plumbing –Notre Dame de la Tuyauterie-, Oil Refinery or Gas Factory.
As I said before, one of the most spectacular parts of the Centre Pompidou is the public square, which has the East façade of the building as a backdrop. The square, with a slight slope, goes down 3'5 meters above street level, and penetrates inside the building through an inferior level to become the entrance hall.
Initially, the project took into consideration an uninterrupted continuity between the square and the hall, but due to climatic and security reasons it was finally necessary to set up a glazed enclosure.
With the first design, the architects wanted to give an answer to the debate that was going on in the 70s among artists, who would defend that art should remain on the street for everybody to enjoy it, instead of being enclosed in a building. In any case, the square did not lose its nature and it accommodates different activities and artworks related with the Center, as the big sculpture by Alexander Calder, which was permanently installed in 2011.
Other elements that attracts people's attention in the square are the huge white tubes with the form of a periscope, which are necessary for the ventilation of the underground parking situated below the whole site. These are in front of the main façade of the Centre Pompidou and are forming a line. They are delimiting the street and the square, following the same language as the building.
To have a better understanding of the building, we have to go back to the 60s, when the English group Archigram started its way. They were inspired by technology to project neofuturistic images, wanting to break up with traditional architecture. Their projects were hypothetical, so they used all kinds of eccentricity, including ironic forms of science fiction. However, as it is often said that an image is worth more than a thousand words, I think that you will understand it better thanks to the following illustration, which shows utopian projects that revolutionized the world of Architecture.
We could use more time to deal with Archigram, but for now we are going to stick to the influence that it had over the Centre Pompidou. Actually, Pompidou was the product of the materialization of the technological and infrastructural ideals of Archigram, being on those days a brilliant display of advanced technique. As a result of this, the Centre Pompidou can be included among the precursors of the architectural movement High-Tech, which was born in the 70s.
In this context, the architects wanted to create a volume which was utterly flexible, so that they finally projected a big metallic enclosure to free up the interior of the building completely. At first, it was considered as an ideal feature, as there would be interior spaces of 7.500 m2, which could be totally versatile and easy to modify. However, it forced the architects to build another 'building' inside the main volume to get surfaces to exhibit the artworks.
To achieve these big spaces, the building has a spectacular metal structure: 14 arcades to bridge a distance of 48m, distanced 12,80m one from another. The main beams -which are warren- have a length of 45m and are supported by a special steel castings named gerberettes. These ones are in charge of transmitting the loads to the light columns, which are stabilized by cross-bracings -X shaped-.
But, how is it protected from fire? Well, there is a system of water that goes inside the metal superstructure, which is in charge of keeping it cool.
The structural elements are perfectly recognizable in the façades, where they coexist with the building facilities. These last ones are part of the enclosure and they have the form of tubes, which can be seen above all in the Eastern façade. Thanks to this system, the interior of the building is completely freed. They have a fun colors code, thanks to which the visitor can find out the function of every tube: blue for the air conditioning and the heating, yellow for the electric circuits, green for the water, white for the air system, and red for people communications.
It is in the main façade where we can see the most impressive tube, whose lower red part is in charge of carrying visitors to the upper floor to enjoy an idyllic view over Paris. This is possible because its height of 42m is taller than the maximum allowed in the rest of the quarter.
I would like to remind you that not only is the Centre Pompidou a museum of contemporary art, but it also has an important Public Information Library –BPI-, an Industrial Center of Creation –CCI- and the Institute of Research in Musical Creation –IRCAM-. All of these remained closed for more than two years, as in 1997 the Centre Pompidou closed its doors to undergo a whole renovation. Besides the architectural rehabilitation, some parts of the building were changed, as the entrance to the public library or the free entrance to the viewport, which nowadays can also be used by the visitors of the museum or people who go to the library.
To conclude, it must be pointed out that the Centre Pompidou totally achieved the aim of his founder, which was mainly the revitalization of the deteriorated area of the Beaubourg quarter. But it was not the only success, as it is an icon in the world of Architecture, apart from being one of the most important museums in the whole world. Nowadays it is a compulsory visit in Paris, and also a perfect place to rest while one is meandering in the picturesque quarters of Le Marais and Les Halles.
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Helena Ariza | Architect, passionate about photography and traveling. My purpose is to take you on a journey to the best architectural works.
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Q: Implementing my own event loop in a wxPython application I'm writing a wxPython application that will be doing quite a bit of data analysis and display. The way I've written it so far has led to problems when two threads try to change something in the GUI at the same time. What I want to do is to set up my own simple queue running on the main thread so that I can ensure that UI updates happen one at a time.
I'm having trouble getting my head around how I'd set up my event loop, though. In general you'd do something like
while True:
    try:
        callback = queue.get(False)
    except Queue.Empty:
        break
    callback()

I assume that if I run that code as-is then WX will not be able to do its thing because it will never receive any events or anything because control never leaves my infinite loop. How can I make this kind of structure coexist with the WX event loop? Or more generally, in a WX application how can I ensure that a certain task is only ever run on the main thread?

A: You can use wx.callafter, it takes a callable object that is called in the guis mainloop after the current and pending event handlers have been completed. Any extra positional or keyword args are passed on to the callable when it is called.
Here is an example of gui code that takes advantage of wx.CallAfter when running a separate thread and updating the GUI in the main thread.
The code is by Andrea Gavana which is found in the wxpython Phoenix docs
#!/usr/bin/env python

# This sample shows how to take advantage of wx.CallAfter when running a
# separate thread and updating the GUI in the main thread

import wx
import threading
import time

class MainFrame(wx.Frame):

    def __init__(self, parent):
        wx.Frame.__init__(self, parent, title='CallAfter example')

        panel = wx.Panel(self)
        self.label = wx.StaticText(panel, label="Ready")
        self.btn = wx.Button(panel, label="Start")
        self.gauge = wx.Gauge(panel)

        sizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
        sizer.Add(self.label, proportion=1, flag=wx.EXPAND)
        sizer.Add(self.btn, proportion=0, flag=wx.EXPAND)
        sizer.Add(self.gauge, proportion=0, flag=wx.EXPAND)

        panel.SetSizerAndFit(sizer)
        self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.OnButton)

    def OnButton(self, event):
        """ This event handler starts the separate thread. """
        self.btn.Enable(False)
        self.gauge.SetValue(0)
        self.label.SetLabel("Running")

        thread = threading.Thread(target=self.LongRunning)
        thread.start()

    def OnLongRunDone(self):
        self.gauge.SetValue(100)
        self.label.SetLabel("Done")
        self.btn.Enable(True)

    def LongRunning(self):
        """This runs in a different thread.  Sleep is used to
         simulate a long running task."""
        time.sleep(3)
        wx.CallAfter(self.gauge.SetValue, 20)
        time.sleep(5)
        wx.CallAfter(self.gauge.SetValue, 70)
        time.sleep(4)
        wx.CallAfter(self.OnLongRunDone)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = wx.App(0)
    frame = MainFrame(None)
    frame.Show()
    app.MainLoop()

A: Just post wx.Events to some object (typically the application or the main window). They will be processed in FIFO order, although they will be intermixed with the other GUI events happening on the main thread itself. Of course, you also need to have actual handlers for these events implementing whatever logic you need.

A: For posterity, here is the decorator I created using Yoriz's answer.
def run_on_main_thread(fn):
    """Decorator. Forces the function to run on the main thread.

    Any calls to a function that is wrapped in this decorator will
    return immediately; the return value of such a function is not
    available.

    """
    @wraps(fn)
    def deferred_caller(*args, **kwargs):
        # If the application has been quit then trying to use
        # CallAfter will trigger an assertion error via the line
        #     assert app is not None, 'No wx.App created yet'
        # Since assertions are optimized out when -O is used,
        # though, it seems safest to perform the check ourselves,
        # and also catch the exception just in case.
        if wx.GetApp() is not None:
            try:
                wx.CallAfter(fn, *args, **kwargs)
            except AssertionError:
                pass

    return deferred_caller

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Quinoa is packed full of energy and is a great fuel for a workout or to refuel after a tough session.
This recipe is a great way to use up left over salmon, that will also fuel your body for some tough training or as a post-training meal.
This is an easy to make healthy recipe that kids and adults will both love.
This recipe is the perfect dish to serve up for someone who thinks kale or quinoa are bland. It is full of flavour and brings the salad to life.
This recipe is Keto approved bringing together a more traditional meal of meat and vege.
Biju Thomas and Allen Lim put their spin on a traditional Cobb Salad by including fruit making this a delicious summer salad.
A great wee snack that provides healthy fat.
A great vegetarian/vegan recipe where the feta gives a great punch of flavour to the potatoes.


text:
/**
 * This is a generated file. Do not edit or your changes will be lost
 */

@interface OrgBcbhhIosFlipViewModuleAssets : NSObject
{
}
- (NSData*) moduleAsset;
- (NSData*) resolveModuleAsset:(NSString*)path;

@end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


The MS in Speech-Language Pathology program will prepare students for practice in the field of speech-language pathology. This program will prepare individuals to practice across the entire scope of the field. For more details, see our MS SLP Flyer.
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View the current program course sequence and course descriptions.


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Davao del Sur (; ), officially the Province of Davao del Sur, is a province in the Philippines located in the Davao Region in Mindanao. Its capital is Digos. Davao City is the largest city in terms of area and population within the province's jurisdiction, yet it is administratively independent from the province; as such, Davao City is only grouped for geographical and statistical purposes.

The province is bounded by Davao del Norte to the north, Davao Occidental to the south-east, North Cotabato and Sultan Kudarat to the west, South Cotabato and Sarangani to the south-west, and Davao Gulf to the east.

History
The beginnings of both Davao Region and Davao del Sur were associated with the foundation of Davao, which was the first town to be founded in southern Mindanao in 1848, following the conquest of the area by José Uyanguren of the Basque province of Gipuzkoa, Spain (Guipúzcoa in Spanish). In 1849, Nueva Guipúzcoa province was founded in the region conquered by Uyanguren in what is now Davao Region, with Davao, then called Nueva Vergara, as the provincial capital. Uyanguren became the provincial governor, but he failed in his efforts to develop Nueva Guipúzcoa.

Thirty-six years after the foundation of Davao, the town of Santa Cruz was founded on October 5, 1884. It is the first town to be founded south of Davao and is now the oldest in the province.

The Spanish administration in the Philippines ended in 1898 following the defeat of the Spaniards during the Spanish–American War. In the early 1900s, waves of immigrants from the Visayas, Luzon, and as well as from Japan began to live in the region, centered mainly in Davao. The region began to boom in economic growth as agricultural business proliferated in the region.

As part of the "food bowl" of what is now the province of Davao del Sur, otherwise known as the Padada Valley, the agricultural area south of the town of Santa Cruz, which is known as Digos that time, lured many migrants, majority of whom came from the Visayas and Ilocos regions to settle permanently in the area. Before World War II, an enterprising American by the name of N.E. Crumb leased  and transformed the place into an abaca plantation. This became the hub of economic activity in the locality during those days.

In 1942, during the start of the World War II in the Pacific, the first waves of invading Japanese units landed and entered the province of southern Davao.

In 1945, the liberation of southern Davao by United States and Philippine Commonwealth troops was supported by Davaoeño guerrilla fighters.

In 1967, Davao Province was divided into three provinces, one of them being Davao del Sur; the town of Digos was made its capital and would become a suburban city for the next 33 years.

On October 28, 2013, along with the Barangay Elections, a plebiscite was held to create a new province Davao Occidental, formed out of the southern part of Davao del Sur, covering the municipalities of the 2nd district of the province, namely Don Marcelino, Jose Abad Santos, Santa Maria, Sarangani and Malita (which was designated as the provincial capital) by virtue of Republic Act 10360 enacted on July 23, 2013, and the majority of votes cast were "Yes", ratifying the province.

In 2015, the National Competitiveness Council, ranked the province as the most competitive province in the country.

Geography
Davao del Sur covers a total area of  occupying the southwestern section of the Davao Region in Mindanao. When Davao City is included for geographical purposes, the province's land area is . The province is bounded by Davao del Norte to the north; Davao Occidental to the south-east; North Cotabato and Sultan Kudarat to the west; South Cotabato and Sarangani to the south-west ; and Davao Gulf to the east.

The province is composed of sandy beaches and outlying islands, agricultural plains and valleys, rainforests, swamps, rolling hills and mountains, including the Philippines' highest peak, Mount Apo, which is at  above sea level.

Administrative divisions
Davao del Sur comprises 9 municipalities and 1 component city, all encompassed by a lone legislative district. Davao City, although part of the province for geographical and statistical purposes, is governed independently from the province.

Climate
The province enjoys a mild, pleasant climate all year round. Because of its topographical characteristics and geographical location, it is rarely visited by typhoons. There is no pronounced wet or dry season. The coolest months are from November to February with an average temperature of . during the peak summer months from March to May, temperatures average  but may rise as high as .

Demographics

The population of Davao del Sur in the 2020 census was 680,481 people, with a density of . When Davao City is included for geographical purposes, the province's population is 2,265,579 people, with a density of .

Davao del Sur is an ethnic mix of Visayans (mostly Cebuanos), Chinese, Japanese, and Koreans with a number of indigenous ethnic groups scattered across the province. The Cebuano language, with Davaoeño as its regional variant, is the main language of the province, although Filipino and English are also widely spoken and used in government functions and publications. Since the late 20th century, a linguistic phenomenon has developed in the Metro Davao area whereby locals have either shifted to the 'national language' (Filipino) or significantly mix Filipino terms and grammar into their Cebuano speech.

Religion
Christianity in the form of Roman Catholicism is the predominant religion in the province followed by more than 80% of the people. The remaining faiths are Islam and other Christians such as Aglipayan, Baptists, Iglesia ni Cristo, Church of Christ of Latter Day Saints (Mormons) Seventh-day Adventist, other Evangelical Christians and Jehovah's Witnesses.

Indigenous groups

Moro peoples

The major Moro ethnic group is the Kagan tribe, an Islamized group related to the Tagacaolos, Mandaya, Mansaka, and Kalagan, since Davao del Sur was once part of Sultanate of Maguindanao. Some Moro tribes that can be found in Davao del Sur are Maguindanao, Maranao, Tausug and Iranun.

Lumad peoples

The Bagobo people live in an area that extends from Davao del Sur and South Cotabato to the foot of Mount Apo and Davao City all the way to the land bordered by the Davao and Pulangi rivers and up to northern Cotabato and southeast Bukidnon. Numbering about 80,000, their traditional costume is woven from abaca fiber and heavily ornamented with beads, shells, metal discs, embroidery and brightly colored geometric applique. Though Bagobos have the most stunning costumes among the Davao ethnic groups, they wear them only on special occasions. Like the Mandayas and Mansakas, they shave their eyebrows to a thin line and file and blacken their teeth. Bagobo smiths cast little bells which are attached to pouches, bracelets, jackets, anklets and inlaid metal boxes.

The Tagacaolo people number about 23,000 and occupy the area between the western shores of the gulf and the slopes of Mount Apo. This is one of the tribes which resisted Muslim conversion and maintained a highland animistic culture.

The Kalagan people are part Islamized and part Chistianized and related to the Tagacaolos. Numbering only about 7,000, they live along the shores of Davao Gulf.

The Mangguangan people now number only 3,000. They can be found in Davao del Sur and Davao del Norte.

In both groups, women generally wear handwoven abaca tube skirts, embroidered blue cotton tops and heavy jewellery. Men sport wide blue or white fringed and embroidered trousers and a loose shirt. Red is a color only for a headman ("bagani") and for women of high status.

Aeta people

Aeta people live in some areas of Davao City all the way to Davao del Norte, Compostela Valley and Bukidnon. They are related to the Manobos of Cotabato and include sub-groups such as the Talaingod of the Kapalong forests in Davao del Norte and the Matigsalug. Numbering about 222,000, Ata men wear long-sleeved shirts, carry spears, hunt, log and grow crops. Their womenfolk wear native blouses, "malong" skirts and accessories of brass bracelets and bead necklaces. Mandaya and Mansaka are culturally related groups who are highly musical - playing the five string bamboo guitar, two-string lute, violin, flute, gong, drum and bamboo Jew's harp. They are also excellent silversmiths crafting breastplates, jewellery, daggers and knives. The Mandayas are famous for their colorful abaca fiber weaves embroidered with tribal motifs.

Economy

Art and culture

The colorful artistic heritage of Davao stems from the rich culture of its tribes. For the Bagobos, aesthetics is the meticulous carving of weapons; the elaborate decoration of inlaid metal boxes with bells; and the ornamentation of their abaca fiber dress with embroidery, shells, beads and metal discs. The Mandayas, on the other hand, have a solid tradition in weaving. To produce their famed coarse textured cloth, abaca fiber is colored with earth dyes and woven on a backstrap loom.

The final product is embroidered with bright-colored threads in geometric patterns. Some elements of tribal folklore are also included in the designs. The Mansakas, together with the Mandayas, are also expert silversmiths. They craft weapons, breastplates and dress accessories. Much of its people are Christians. Davao is also a harmonious blend of Christian and Muslim cultures. However, its most stunning cultural aspect is definitely its ethnic art which encompasses music, dance, religious ritual, dress and ornamentation.

Government

Governor:
 Yvonne Roña Cagas

Vice Governor:
 Ai-ai Cagas-Fernandez

Representative:
 Lone District of Davao del Sur
 John Tracy Cagas

See also
 Nueva Guipuzcoa Revolt

References

External links

 Davao City Travel and Tourism Guide

Provinces of the Philippines
Provinces of the Davao Region
States and territories established in 1967
1967 establishments in the Philippines

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Working hard or hardly working on school snow days?
Biddeford High School students and staff use snow days to study, sleep, and jump off roofs.
Abbie Paquette and Lydia Gordon
With each passing day comes a new fear of the thing New Englanders dread most: snow. White fluffy snowflakes can only mean two things; shoveling and snow days. Mother Nature seems to have it out for New England residents this winter after dumping almost 73.3 inches of snow in Maine. While some people may view snow days as beneficial for students to catch up on their piles and piles of homework, it can also cut down time before the last day of school ends and summer begins.
Both students and teachers have their own views on snow days, whether it be a positive outlook of watching Netflix, or crunching in time for classes to be completed.
Sophomore Alex Chase is one of the students that thinks snow days have both their pros and cons.
"The pros are being able to keep staff and students off the roads and to keep them safe," said Chase. "The cons though are that we miss out on crucial class time…which also impacts athletics and after school activities."
While being safe on the road can be beneficial to most students and staff, junior Lucas Rhoy also enjoys the other aspects of snow days.
"Snow days are beneficial for me because it helps me get ahead of my school work," said Rhoy. "Working at your own leisurely pace is nice too, along with sleeping in and staying comfortable for the rest of the day."
Kids are starting to embrace these snow days with fun activities, such as freshman Desean Cromwell.
"Because of where we live, the plow pushes the snow up to our first floor, my nephews and I jump off our second floor and into the snow," Cromwell said.
Although sleeping in may be some students favorite pastime such as Rhoy's , homework and other activities take up most students' snow days to keep them busy. Chase uses her Netflix addiction and the ever-falling snow to be productive.
"On my typical snow day, I wake up at 11 and basically stay in bed all day watching Netflix," said Chase.
Rhoy, on the other hand, prioritizes his schoolwork before relaxing for the rest of the day.
"I often spend my snow days finishing up my schoolwork first and then trying to get ahead in all of my classes," said Rhoy. "Then I just sit down and relax for the rest of the day."
Contrary to both Rhoy and Chase's ideas on snow days, senior Chris Charest believes that they have more negative effects when caught up on school work.
"Snow days are a waste of time for me because I have nothing planned for the day," said Charest. "I already have my homework done so I can't even do that!"
While sitting down on a comfy couch as a blizzard swarms around your house might seem like a fun idea, the excessive snow days are beginning to have a toll on students.
"By having all these snow days, it cuts out of crucial class time and hanging out with your friends," said Rhoy. "If we have more, we could stay back in June too, which isn't something I want to do when it's hot and sweaty in the school building."
Snow days even affect the seniors after a while, even though students like Charest won't have to make up the class time in June. As a senior, the snow days do not affect when graduation is set, so even though the class days may be cut short, staying later in June to make up the snow days do not apply to seniors. However, it still makes class time difficult.
"We miss school because of the snow," said Charest. "So it puts classes all a day behind."
Although there are both pros and cons of having snow days for students, for administration such as Principal Jeremie Sirois it could still be a typical work day.
"I still have to work but when we had the 'big blizzard' (January 26th, recording at an amount of 19 inches that day) I didn't come in," said Principal Jeremie Sirois. "So it really depends on the amount of snow."
Sirois isn't the only one that has to work on snow days. Superintendent Jeremy Ray get an early wake up call on these special mornings.
"Superintendent Ray makes the decisions on snow days," said Sirois. "His day typically starts at 4am."
Normally Biddeford, Saco, Old Orchard Beach, and Kennebunk make the decision together.
"He [Superintendent Ray] talks with the transportation director, public works department, and also area superintendents to make the decision," Sirois said.
In spite of the mixed feelings with snow days, history teacher Mr. Minzy thinks snow days are more of a waste than for kids' safety.
"I think that we shouldn't have snow days at all," said Minzy. "Part of the problem is we have this intellectual concept of the snow day. It's like all of a sudden we have an inch of snow out there and we have students demanding that some sort of crime has been committed against them because they have to be in school."
Even though the concept of the snow day is hard to comprehend and predict, it also hurts the teachers and how they plan out their lessons.
"I want to get into a flow… I want to move through each topic," said Minzy. "Snow days have two problems: one, if you have a snow day it messes everything up, and two, if there's already snow on the ground it gets students messed up."
Although some people are afraid of the snow for safety reasons, Minzy believes that snow days should be deemed upon a "best judgement" mindset in order to keep the classroom learning activity at its peak. Along with that, his responsibilities change for the snow day as well.
"I have to entertain a six year old [on snow days]," said Minzy. "It's just more exhausting for me to stay home…we're all stuck and inside and she's like 'Daddy this' 'Daddy that' and I'm here like 'I need thirty minutes so I can get some work done'…and she'll be like okay okay…But she'll be back after thirty to forty-five seconds later, so it's a complete waste of a day for me."
While snow days may be fun for some, it can cut back time in the classroom for a later date. Spending snow days procrastinating or watching Netflix is what some prefer, but sometimes winter takes over and you just have to let it snow.
The Roar intends for this area to be used to foster healthy, thought-provoking discussion. Comments are expected to adhere to our standards and to be respectful and constructive. As such, we do not permit the use of profanity, foul language, personal attacks, or the use of language that might be interpreted as libelous. Comments are reviewed and must be approved by a moderator to ensure that they meet these standards. The Roar does not allow anonymous comments, and The Roar requires a valid email address. The email address will not be displayed but will be used to confirm your comments.
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text:
Rosetta Stones
Volcano Awareness Video Mania
Oh, right, Volcano Awareness Month happened while all those exciting earthquakes had us distracted!
By Dana Hunter on January 30, 2020
Credit: USGS
Plate tectonics has no dang respect for human designations. While a few volcanoes tried to put on a show in January, earthquakes frequently stole the headlines. Hawaiian volcanoes remained stubbornly silent for Volcano Awareness Month. Rude.
But despite temporarily quiet volcanoes, the USGS scientists at Hawaiian Volcano Observatory have been busy! And they put out several excellent videos this month you may want to check out.
Transitions: What's next for HVO and the volcanoes it monitors?
Madame Pele rather abruptly evicted HVO from its lodgings on Kilauea's summit and then ended her decades-long show. Herein, we learn how HVO staff are making due, and what's in store for the volcano observatory's future.
Kīlauea lower East Rift Zone 2019: quiet but insightful
We saw a lot of in-the-moment science happening as fissures erupted in the LERZ in 2018. But when an eruption ends, the studies carry on. There are many questions yet to be answered, and strange goings-on still to be investigated.
What's happening at Kīlauea Volcano's summit?
You'd think Kilauea's summit would be a quiet place now that the lava's gone, but Madame Pele has been busy remodeling and recharging! Learn what's up in this informative presentation.
What can lava tell us? Deciphering Kīlauea's 2018 eruption through chemistry
A billion cubic yards of lava. One. Billion. Cubic. Yards. That's how much lava Madame Pele delivered to Puna! And that lava has chemistry. Here are the stories it tells.
Living with Earthquakes in Hawaii
Okay, look, you knew we weren't gonna make it outta here without earthquakes. Hawaii's got 'em! Lots of them! Here's what they tell us about what the volcanoes are up to, how to live with them, and how you can help monitor them.
Unless one of Earth's volcanoes does something really spectacular, most of our focus is going to remain on Caribbean earthquakes for the next few weeks. We've also got a trip back in time to the 2003 San Simeon earthquake planned - we'll see some pretty neat parallels with Puerto Rico, and also learn the importance of reinforcing your masonry.
Then, geologic disasters willing, we'll return to volcanoes with an investigation of Whakaari/White Island's volcanic system. We'll explore the Taupo Volcanic Zone. We'll have a bit on phreatic eruptions and their hazards. And then we'll see where else earth science takes us!
The views expressed are those of the author(s) and are not necessarily those of Scientific American.
A confirmed adorer of the good science of rock-breaking, Dana Hunter explores geology with an emphasis on volcanic processes, geology news, and the intersection of science and society. Her home away from SciAm is Dana Hunter's Unconformity Follow Dana Hunter on Twitter
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By Dana Hunter on February 14, 2020
© 2022 Scientific American, a Division of Nature America, Inc.


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Embarking on the Masonry Career Path
Words: Nick Vaccaro
Photos: sturti, xavierarnau
The world of masonry is a significant component that makes up the construction process. Much like other specialty trades, the work of a mason is very much an art form that has been passed down from one generation to the next. In many scenarios, a bricklayer's son has joined the business, and then his son, and the process continues down the line. As the world has developed, the masonry lineage has women entering the trade.
Although the lineage of masons is exciting and carries a certain level of romance, some do take this career path, having never been exposed to this trade previously. With no grandfather or father selecting this as a vocation, the current newcomer must take an alternate route.
Through training and placement assistance, an individual interested in a masonry career can successfully master the craft and avoid the hazards of poor choices early in a career. Like any career path, however, mistakes can present themselves along the way to sabotage an exciting commitment to the trades. Mastering an introductory course of action can help to avoid those potential mistakes.
The recommended first step in pursuing a masonry career is to take advantage of a robust training program. According to Ryan Shaver, Workforce Development and Training Coordinator with the NCMCA, a requirement should be fulfilled before enrolling in any training programs.
"Give some thought to if you like working with your hands and not being in front of a computer screen all day," said Shaver. "Consider if you like the idea of seeing something you built at the end of the day.
Although it is not the sole means of learning how to become a mason, Shaver suggests a hands-on approach through an apprenticeship. The benefits include building something each day based on what you learned and earning an income.
"It is a learn-while-you-earn process," said Shaver.
One of the attractive features of an apprentice training program is that wage increases respectively as the individual's skillset increases. Shaver indicated that this model reigns quite successfully.
"It is very enticing for a young person to start with the pre-apprentice program," said Shaver. "The pre-apprentice hours in North Carolina can convert into your apprenticeship hours."
Shaver compared the process to banking hours towards an apprenticeship while in high school or working over the summer break. As a result, the individual gains high school credit and another credit for working in the pre-apprentice program during the summer.
"The apprenticeship model contains depth instead of just telling people to show up on the job and do the best they can," said Shaver. "We have a model and a system to increase that student's skill set and wage as they progress in the apprenticeship."
While the NCMCA website can provide information on apprenticeship programs, Shaver suggested seeking a company directly active in the apprenticeship program that provides the best results.
"Getting involved with a company that is enrolled in the program ensures you are following the correct model," said Shaver.
Masonry careers are showing increasing popularity, and as a result, many resources are readily available and can help guide the career seeker to success. According to the NCCER, various resources and networking capabilities can catalyze career placement.
While knowledge of the masonry craft can carry an individual well into the career, a higher level of understanding and skills retained can catapult a mason further up the masonry career ladder. Like all trades, management is a potential in the masonry world and includes running large-scale projects and managing multiple teams of professional masons. As a result, one can start in the field mixing mortar, graduate to laying bricks and blocks, and eventually channel that experience and knowledge into a well-respected management position.
Obtaining this type of placement within one's career can be difficult but is quite realistic. The NCCER recommends finding a mentor. Seasoned construction professionals can provide a level of guidance not found elsewhere. A mentor can also share networking and growth opportunities that fuel career progression.
The NCCER recognizes that career development in any field can bring severe stressors. Starting a new career and learning a new craft, especially one as independent as the masonry field, can invoke an intense bundle of stress that should be managed effectively. The organization recommends adapting to a healthy balance between work and play.
Having a mentor can be a great way to manage that stress through weekly conversations on a career path and general advice. Additionally, that masonry apprenticeship program can relieve some of the stress by serving as a guideline for career accomplishment. It can eliminate doubt and questions.
Before career placement can be deemed successful, an individual must be granted the job, which stems from a successful interview process. A proactive place to start is with the cover letter. Highlighting strengths and credentials, the cover letter can be the foot in the door for the extensive interview.
In a world where measurements do not always add up, and blueprints can contain discrepancies, it is vital to communicate to the interviewer that the individual harnesses good problem-solving tactics as the job seeker. These need to be tied to the masonry industry, and offering potential areas where this knowledge is valuable would be a great display in showing a high level of understanding.
Avoiding Common Mistakes
When entering a masonry career, bad habits developed early on can be the downfall later. According to the NCCER, detrimental and inefficient habits can cause severe issues for the young mason who finds promotion in a management role. The entire operation can ultimately suffer from those simplistic poor habits.
Setting out on a masonry career path can be overwhelming, with persistent shortcuts attempting to wreak havoc. While time must be conserved and funds used responsibly, young masons-to-be should rationalize the need for equipment, such as personal protective equipment. While it might be attractive to forego its use, the resulting hazard can potentially end a career in the infancy stage.
A new tool might be expensive; however, its use could eliminate hours of labor. This would end up rearing savings for the masonry contractor, so if it is affordable, its purchase could allow for an increased earning. On the other hand, if the new tool purchase devours the buyer's entire savings or operating capital, it would probably be better. It is better to identify the need, consider its costs, and develop a game plan that compliments the budget.
As is life, masonry is rooted in continuing education. As new products and procedures are introduced into the trade, masons should recognize their value and continually seek further information, improved ideas, and continuing education courses. A mistake of enormous consequence is failure to admit you do not know the answer to a crucial question.
One should never rule out the power in peer fellowship; as a professional, lean on the experience and knowledge of your peers of the trade. Helping each other leads to increased learning and a better understanding of accomplishing complex tasks. This tends to serve as a much better approach than hoping that an underdeveloped skill will eventually become learned with time.


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Appeals Lawyer
Steven Reed
Steptoe & Johnson LLP
Steve Reed helps major US oil pipeline companies resolve their most difficult regulatory problems. Because of his exceptional experience with complex pipeline issues and his deep understanding of the industry, he is consistently sought out to shepherd new pipeline projects through the regulatory process, and to help resolve challenging disputes arising before the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC), state regulatory agencies, and appellate courts.
For more than three decades, Steve has played a key role in landmark cases that have laid the foundation for FERC's current regulation of oil pipelines. He was a leading participant in the FERC's major rulemaking initiative that established the governing principles for oil pipeline rates and authored a seminal article on that topic. Because of his extensive background in oil pipeline regulation, he is often asked to speak on the history of the field and the ongoing development of FERC's regulatory methodology.
Backed by a deep bench of experienced energy lawyers, Steve frequently represents industry-leading clients, such as the owners of the Trans-Alaska Pipeline System (particularly ConocoPhillips Transportation Alaska Inc.), Enbridge, and the Association of Oil Pipe Lines. He served as lead counsel in a case for Spearhead Pipeline that led to FERC's first explicit approval of firm service contracts for oil pipelines.
He has successfully guided oil pipelines through contested FERC cases in which their tariff rates were ultimately found to be lawful as filed, most notably on behalf of the Southern Lights Pipeline. Further, he has helped to devise and defend creative settlements, such as the settlement regarding Enbridge's multibillion-dollar Alberta Clipper project.
Steve frequently assists clients with projects to build new pipelines, to expand existing pipelines, and to extend lines into new markets. These have included major cross-border pipelines between Canada and the US, new pipelines to the US Gulf Coast region, and major expansions of pipelines serving the Bakken region of North Dakota and other growing domestic oil resources. In total, these projects have led to investments of billions of dollars in new US infrastructure.
Steve is also a seasoned appellate litigator who has argued major cases in the federal courts of appeals and state appellate courts, including the Supreme Courts of Texas and Alaska. His appellate experience ranges beyond energy to rail transportation, insurance, environmental law, and taxation.
Steve is a Band 1 Oil and Gas lawyer in both Chambers USA and Chambers Global. He serves as co-head of the firm's Regulatory and Legislative Department, which encompasses Steptoe's transportation, telecommunications, energy, environment, and government affairs practices.
J.D., Harvard Law School, 1979, magna cum laude; Senior Editor, Harvard Law Review
B.A., Harvard University, 1974, magna cum laude; Phi Beta Kappa
What types of cases Attorney Steven Reed & Steptoe & Johnson LLP can handle?
Steptoe & Johnson LLP can handle cases related to laws concerning Appeals, Energy Utilities & Environmental. We manually verify each attorney's practice areas before approving their profiles and reviews on our website.
Where is Steptoe & Johnson LLP located?
Steptoe & Johnson LLP is located at 1330 Connecticut Ave NW, Washington, DC 20036, USA. You can reach out to Steptoe & Johnson LLP using their phone line 202 429 6232. You can also check their website steptoe.com.
How much would it cost to hire Steptoe & Johnson LLP?
Steven Reed lawyer charges are specific to each case. However, they work with contingency fees and its ranges from $$ to $$$. They also provide free consultation [and no obligation quotes] if you are interested to hire.
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Connecticut Avenue Northwest 1330
Washington 20036 DC US
Energy Utilities & Environmental Lawyer
Amar Budarapu
Charles S. Price


In my last post I suggested that vocation is God's invitation for us to join Him in His mission of restoring the world's ecology of shalom by using our gifts, talents, credentials, resources, and opportunities to make culture that is rightly ordered by love of God and love of neighbor. If this is the case, how then should we think of our distinct callings as scholars and professionals? What are the implications of such an understanding of vocation for our spiritual formation and for our life together in community?
"Follow me." With these two simple words Jesus turned the worlds of Peter, Andrew, James and John upside down. Jesus called them away from the life that they knew in order to be apprenticed into a new Way, a new Truth, a new Life. He extended this call to Matthew the tax collector, to a rich young ruler, and to many, many more. Some followed. Some didn't.
"You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind. This is the great and first commandment," Jesus taught. "And a second is like it: You shall love your neighbor as yourself. On these two commandments depend all the Law and the Prophets." (Matt 22:37-40, par.; cf. Matt 7:12; Matt 23:23; Rom. 13:9; Gal. 5:14; James 2:8) He does not say to you or me, as Socrates did, "Know thyself." Nor does He call us to "find ourselves." On the contrary, He says, "Whoever finds his life will lose it, and whoever loses his life for my sake will find it." Instead, He calls us out of ourselves to love God and to love others. These twin commandments constitute both the burning center and the outer limit of Christ's call upon our lives, of our vocations. First, a word about the outer limit.
Expressive individualism holds that each person has a unique core of feeling and intuition that should unfold or be expressed if individuality is to be realized. This core, though unique, is not necessarily alien to other persons or to nature. Under certain conditions, the expressive individualist may find it possible through intuitive feeling to "merge" with other persons, with nature, or with the cosmos as a whole.
Expressive individualism, in short, is the intuition that each of us is a unique snowflake and that our summum bonum is the unhindered expression of our unique snowy flakiness.
In discussions about vocation we evangelicals often like to quote this one line from Frederick Buechner: "The place God calls you to is the place where your deep gladness and the world's deep hunger meet." We love this line. It strikes a powerful chord within us. It is profoundly American. It caters precisely to our expressive individualist frame of reference. But taken alone without a great deal of qualification, this line communicates, at best, only a half-truth.
Taken by itself, this aphorism's chirpy, romantic optimism fails to describe the reality of God's calling upon our lives. The saying fails to account for Mother Theresa's tireless labor on behalf of the poorest of the poor while for decades she herself privately endured the dark night of the soul. It fails to account for Dietrich Bonhoeffer's reluctant return to Germany in the midst of the Second World War. It fails to account for people who lay aside their own aspirations in order to care for a disabled child or declining parents. It fails to account for spouses who stick it out through poverty, illness, and "irreconcilable differences." And it fails to account for Jesus's agonized, terrified prayers in the Garden of Gethsemane. In short, it fails to account for callings that are hard: the callings nobody asks for, the callings you wouldn't wish upon anyone. It is telling that a recurring motif in the Bible is that of the prophet who tries to escape his vocation. (e.g., Exod. 3:11; 4:1, 10; Jer. 1:6; 20:7ff; Jonah, etc.) These vocations were not sources of "deep gladness," at least not at first.
Talk of "vocation" that makes no reference to our responsibility is likely just self-justifying, self-indulgent fantasy. In a world where roughly a billion people live in dire poverty,[i] where 20.9 million people are victims of human trafficking,[ii] where 800,000 commit suicide every year,[iii] and where ecological, social, political, and moral crises continue to mount, Christians must ask "What is our responsibility?" before asking "Where do I find my deep gladness?" Our true vocation comes to us not as God's unqualified endorsement of our hopes and dreams, but as Jesus's call to take up our crosses and to follow Him into God's mission of self-sacrificial love to a hurting world.
Bonhoeffer hauntingly offers as an example the lynching of nine young black men in the American south. He raises (and leaves open) the question of what responsibility German Christians, living half a world away, bear in light of the oppression of African Americans in the United States. While he concedes that they are distant neighbors, he points out that they are neighbors nonetheless and, what's more, in many cases Christian brothers and sisters. He asks, too, whether the Lutheran pastors of Germany could be said in any sense to have acted responsibly (i.e., to have been faithful to Christ's calling) when they failed to stand up against the Nazis' persecution of their Jewish neighbors.
Talk about "concrete responsibility" inevitably feels heavy and, for most of us, arouses feelings of guilt (or worse, self-righteous indignation). We typically only speak of "responsibility" when our love is too cool to get us out of bed in the morning. But Jesus does not command us to be merely responsible, He commands us to love. He wants us to be animated by more than a sense of duty, lest we become no more than clanging gongs and noisy cymbals. (1 Cor. 13:1) Responsible action, if it is not to devolve into poisonous self-righteousness, must be a means whereby we grow into the sort authentic Christian love that God wants to be the burning center of our callings.
…[Whether] thou hold thy peace, through love hold thy peace; whether thou cry out, through love cry out; whether thou correct, through love correct; whether thou spare, through love do thou spare: let the root of love be within, of this root can nothing spring but what is good.
So long as rightly ordered love for God and for neighbor is the driving force in our actions, we shall not fail to fulfill our concrete responsibilities, that is to say, to live out our callings. On the other hand, if we consistently fail in our concrete responsibilities to God and neighbor (to say nothing of our responsibilities to our friends and families!), we can be sure that our loves are failing or are misplaced as well.
Fundamentally, Christ's call is the call to join God's mission. Answering His call entails endeavoring, with the help of the Spirit, to align our lives, our thinking, and our work with wholehearted love for God and sacrificial love for our global neighbors. It will inevitably involve us in the work of integrating our faith and our work, of being spiritually formed, and of bearing witness in word and deed to Jesus Christ who is the embodiment of God, the great missionary.
In my next post, we will explore how the vocatio Christi and the missio Dei bear upon life in the university in particular.
Where is God calling me to take up the cross in my vocation?
Oh Lord who carried our sin and suffering to Calvary, let us follow You. As You heal, transform, and renew, let us seek Your ways, even and especially when they mean sacrifice and suffering. And in that suffering let us find the power of Your resurrection, and the deep knowledge of You that makes us anew in Your image. Amen.
Note: Part of both the Scholar's Compass series and David's Missio Dei Spirituality of Graduate School Series on the Emerging Scholars Blog. Part 3. Find Part 1 here and Part 2 here. More to come!


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Extensive parallelism in protein evolution
G. Bazykin, F. Kondrashov, M. Brudno, A. Poliakov, I. Dubchak, A. Kondrashov, Biology Direct 2 (2007).
No fulltext has been uploaded. References only!
10.1186/1745-6150-2-20
Journal Article | Published
Bazykin, Georgii A ; Kondrashov, FyodorIST Austria ; Brudno, Michael ; Poliakov, Alexander V ; Dubchak, Inna L ; Kondrashov, Alexey S
Background: Independently evolving lineages mostly accumulate different changes, which leads to their gradual divergence. However, parallel accumulation of identical changes is also common, especially in traits with only a small number of possible states. Results: We characterize parallelism in evolution of coding sequences in three four-species sets of genomes of mammals, Drosophila, and yeasts. Each such set contains two independent evolutionary paths, which we call paths I and II. An amino acid replacement which occurred along path I also occurs along path II with the probability 50-8211;80% of that expected under selective neutrality. Thus, the per site rate of parallel evolution of proteins is several times higher than their average rate of evolution, but still lower than the rate of evolution of neutral sequences. This deficit may be caused by changes in the fitness landscape, leading to a replacement being possible along path I but not along path II. However, constant, weak selection assumed by the nearly neutral model of evolution appears to be a more likely explanation. Then, the average coefficient of selection associated with an amino acid replacement, in the units of the effective population size, must exceed ∼0.4, and the fraction of effectively neutral replacements must be below ∼30%. At a majority of evolvable amino acid sites, only a relatively small number of different amino acids is permitted. Conclusion: High, but below-neutral, rates of parallel amino acid replacements suggest that a majority of amino acid replacements that occur in evolution are subject to weak, but non-trivial, selection, as predicted by Ohta's nearly-neutral theory.
Biology Direct
G.A.B. gratefully acknowledges fellowships from the Pew Charitable Trusts award 2000-002558 and the Burroughs Wellcome Fund award 1001782, both to Princeton University. F.A.K. is a National Science Foundation Graduate Fellow. M.B.'s work is partially supported by the NSERC Discovery grant. I.D. and A.P. were partially supported by grant HL066681 (L.A.P., I.D. and S.M.), Berkeley-PGA, under the Programs for Genomic Applications, funded by National Heart, Lung, & Blood Institute and Department of Energy Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231, University of California. This work was partially supported through the Molecular and Cellular Biology Program of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
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IST Annual Report
Bazykin G, Kondrashov F, Brudno M, Poliakov A, Dubchak I, Kondrashov A. Extensive parallelism in protein evolution. Biology Direct. 2007;2. doi:10.1186/1745-6150-2-20
Bazykin, G., Kondrashov, F., Brudno, M., Poliakov, A., Dubchak, I., & Kondrashov, A. (2007). Extensive parallelism in protein evolution. Biology Direct, 2. https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-6150-2-20
Bazykin, Georgii, Fyodor Kondrashov, Michael Brudno, Alexander Poliakov, Inna Dubchak, and Alexey Kondrashov. "Extensive Parallelism in Protein Evolution." Biology Direct 2 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-6150-2-20.
G. Bazykin, F. Kondrashov, M. Brudno, A. Poliakov, I. Dubchak, and A. Kondrashov, "Extensive parallelism in protein evolution," Biology Direct, vol. 2, 2007.
Bazykin G, Kondrashov F, Brudno M, Poliakov A, Dubchak I, Kondrashov A. 2007. Extensive parallelism in protein evolution. Biology Direct. 2.
Bazykin, Georgii, et al. "Extensive Parallelism in Protein Evolution." Biology Direct, vol. 2, BioMed Central, 2007, doi:10.1186/1745-6150-2-20.
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Walter Fuller may refer to:

 Walter Fuller (editor) (1881–1927), poet, anti-war activist and editor
 Walter Fuller (musician) (1910–2003), jazz trumpeter and vocalist
 Gil Fuller (1920–1994) composer


The Turnbull & Asser name is synonymous with the very best in sartorial style. They are famous for their tailor made shirts as well as their ties and pocket squares. Over the years they have produced a number of limited edition pocket squares.
In 2013 they released a series of Beatles pocket squares based on the Beatles album sleeve art. At first it might leave you wondering who would be brave enough to wear such a pocket square, but remember that when folded in the pocket of your jacket the overall design is not so apparent, and so it is an excellent, and discreet way to inject a little interest and fun.
The pocket squares were all packaged in album sleeves which really makes them feel special. I can imagine that a majority of these limited edition (only 50 of each design was produced) have ended up framed as pictures instead of being used.
With a fantastic British company making Beatles inspired pocket squares it really does not get much more British than that!


Hanna Instruments is a global manufacturer of quality analytical instrumentation. It was founded in 1978 in Padova, Italy. Hanna Instruments has a network of over 40 subsidiaries in 32 countries around the world.Hanna Instruments is headquartered in Woonsocket, Rhode Island and has manufacturing sites in Mauritius, Singapore, Hungary, and Romania.
My responsibility at Hanna Instruments was designing webpage layout and updating websites to brand standards utilzing tools like WordPress and Adobe Photoshop. I also assisted with content management and editing video for product marketing. In addition, created animation and multimedia design using Adobe Creative Cloud.


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The 100 Season 1, Episode 12 Review
Heather Offord September 24, 2014
TVTV Reviews
'We Are Grounders, Part 1'
Grab your weapons and strap in for the epic two-part season finale of The 100, which concludes next week. There's teamwork, friendship, and yes…even cannibals!
We kick off with the answer to a question raised by some very worried fans: Did Finn Collins really die last week? And without an on-screen death?! The answer: Of course not. That would be absurd. Turns out our favourite Grounder hero, Lincoln, returns to save our beloved teens once again, sweeping Clarke and Finn away from danger. I'm beginning to lose count of the amount of times he's stepped in. 2? 15? 100? Seriously, if there were a 'most helpful Grounder of the year' award, Lincoln would claim victory.
Amidst dark tunnels, the escapees come across a rather gut-wrenching display of cannibalism in the form of 'Reapers', who seem to have stocked up on human livestock as a form of diet. Having now reached an entirely new level of creepy, Clarke and Finn escape back to the other campers with only a few bruises, and no doubt some nightmares.
Speaking of the campers, events take a dangerous turn when Murphy finally declares revenge on Bellamy. He holds Jasper at his mercy until Bellamy offers to switch places. The fact that I wasn't at all surprised about Bellamy's newfound hero complex, shows just how far his character has come. A sweet bromance moment is shared between Bellamy and Jasper after the action simmers to a slightly milder form of panic. Considering how different these two characters are – one the alpha male and the other a chemistry nerd – they get on remarkably well.
With Jasper and Bellamy safe, and Murphy fleeing from camp, Clarke and Finn's return is dampened by the announcement that all-out war is on their doorstep. If you think I'll mention the unnecessary, and unconvincing, "I love you" from Finn to Clarke, you're mistaken. Who has time to run from Grounders and confess their love? No one, that's who. Fortunately Clarke shuts him down with a "you broke my heart" and voila, we're back to the more pressing Grounders threat.
Clarke and Bellamy struggle with opposing ideas, as Bellamy's wish to stay and fight conflicts with Clarke's belief that they should flee and seek safety elsewhere. I understand where both views come in. Fighting seems inevitable, yet Clarke's level-headedness often proves to be reliable in a group scenario.
Meanwhile, as the Ark folk prepare for their supplies to run out, Chancellor Jaha gets a burst of inspiration and decides that their only hope is to bring the Ark down to the ground using propellers. Sounds wonderfully safe if you're looking for a speedy death. Abby, Kane, and the others seem dead-set, and a mildly amusing dramatic close-up leaves us all waiting with anticipation…Will they succeed?
With the fate of the Ark hanging in the balance, next week promises an epic conclusion for our Grounder vs Camper battle, as well as the survival of those on-board the Ark. If this week's quick-paced episode is anything to go by, I'm eagerly awaiting the finale, and also increasingly anxious about the death rate…
The 100 Season 5, Episode 3 Review: 'Sleeping Giants'
Megan Davies May 23, 2018
The 100 Season 5, Episode 7 Review: 'Acceptable Losses'
Megan Davies June 21, 2018
The 100 Season 4, Episode 2 Review
Megan Davies April 13, 2017
Heather Offord April 15, 2015
The 100 Season 1, Episode 3 & 4 Review
Heather Offord July 29, 2014


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Our Staff is Nominated for the CITA Stingray Awards and Shortlisted for the Governor's Conservation Award
Cayman Turtle Centre - Island Wildlife Encounter
Cayman Turtle Centre staff nominated for the Cayman Islands Tourism Association's Stingray Awards and shortlisted for the Governor's Conservation Award.
Cayman Turtle Centre: Island Wildlife Encounter is pleased to announce that three of its staff has been nominated for the Cayman Islands Tourism Association (CITA) awards. Tim Adam, the Centre's Chief Executive Officer, has been nominated in the 'Manager for Allied & Transportation' category, while Rebecca Bush has been nominated for 'Employee' in the same category, and Shona McGill has been nominated in the 'Rising Star' category.
The awards recognize individuals who have contributed significantly in their roles, as well as the Cayman Islands tourism industry in general.
CITA Executive Director Tiffany Dixon-Ebanks said, "The Steering Committee for this year's Stingray Awards are truly excited about the upcoming event and look forward to celebrating the magic of tourism with so many talented individuals who exhibit Caymankind daily. Whomever wins, I believe each nominee should feel very proud that their colleagues put them forward for this prestigious recognition."
The theme of this year's awards night is 'Celebrating the Magic of Tourism,' and all members of the community are invited to attend the awards gala on Tuesday, 23 July, at The Ritz-Carlton, Grand Cayman.
In addition, the Cayman Turtle Centre has been nominated as a finalist in the 4th bi-annual Governor's Conservation Awards. The awards recognize people and businesses within the local community that have demonstrated an active role in the fields of historic preservation and environmental conservation across all three Cayman Islands within the last 10 years.
Tim Adam - Centre's Chief Executive Officer
Rebecca Bush
Shona McGill


Longrun crowding out might slow the rate of capital accumulation. Recall that part of investment spending is businesses buying new equipment, and businesses usually borrow money to do that spending on new equipment.
Crowding Out Effect What it is: The crowding out effect describes the idea that large volumes of government borrowing push up the real interest rate, making it difficult or close to impossible for individuals and small companies to obtain loans. The crowding out effect is usually used to refer to what happens when governments borrow lots of money to finance a deficit.
The government spends more than it takes in and has to borrow money to Crowding out is an economic concept that describes a situation where personal consumption of goods and services and investments by business are reduced because of increases in government spending Crowding Out is Everywhere August 31, 2013 By Gary M. Galles Leave a Comment A defining characteristic of those who continuously push government activism is an abiding faith that the states interventions will benefit society.
Crowdingout phenomenon can be better explained in terms of ISLM framework as it combines both goods market and money market. Aggregate demandaggregate output approach does not display the links between the goods market and the money market.
Because of uncertainty about the degree of crowding out, however, CBO has incorporated both more and less crowding out into its range of estimates of the longrun effects of the stimulus legislation. Crowding out is" any reduction in private consumption or investment that occurs because of an increase in government spending.
" An example may help. Assume a family of four has four apples For starters, this activity is very timeconsuming (especially if you are customizing resumes and cover letters for each listing), thereby crowding out the time and attention better spent on highervalue tasks, such as networking.
Learn crowding out effect with free interactive flashcards. Choose from 500 different sets of crowding out effect flashcards on Quizlet.


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Recent News - Page 2 of 16 - MetroConnects
Indigenous Water Protectors Educate on Sustainability
Saluda River Indigenous Water Protectors' Long Tradition Long before the first Europeans began settling near the Saluda and Reedy Rivers in what is now known as Greenville County, Indigenous people of the Catawba and Cherokee nations farmed and hunted along the river banks. The Catawba, whose name means "people of the river" inhabited large swaths
MetroConnects Board of Commissioners Meets November 21, 2022
The MetroConnects Board of Commissioners will meet at 2 p.m. Monday, November 21, 2022. View the meeting agenda.
MetroConnects Executive Committee Meets Monday, November 21, 2022
The MetroConnects Executive Committee will meet at 1 p.m. Monday, November 21, 2022. View the meeting agenda.
Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle Right: America Recycles Day Turns 25
Let nothing go to waste this America Recycles Day! Every year since 1997, America Recycles Day has provided the opportunity to raise awareness about the importance of the four R's of sustainability: Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle Right. Every day in United States, the average individual produces 4.9 pounds of trash. This translates to 292.4 million
MetroConnects Service Spotlight: Honoring Our Veterans
Honoring Those Who Serve This Veterans Day, MetroConnects would like to honor our veteran employees who not only serve the Greenville County community but have served the country as well. In the first of our series that recognizes MetroConnects employees' service to others, we celebrate Master Sergeant Joshua Hawkins, Metro's chief technology Officer; Sergeant Martin
"Forever Chemicals": An Urgent Wastewater Challenge
South Carolina has one of the highest levels of PFAS, or "forever chemical," contamination in the nation. Source water, soil, fish and food grown near places that use or manufacture PFAS have been found to contain PFAS at levels that are toxic to humans and animals. Individuals can help lower PFAS levels in the environment
Smoke and Dye Testing: Protecting the Environment, Protecting You
Smoke and dye testing are quick, easy ways for MetroConnects to detect leaks in sewer lines. Preventing and repairing leaks helps to protect the environment and public health. If you suspect you have a leak, call MetroConnects at (864) 277-4442. Sanitary Sewer Systems: A Crucial Job Our sanitary sewer systems have one crucial job: Move
We Can Work Together
Partner with MetroConnects to be a strong sewer steward! Our highest priority is to protect public health and the environment through sustainable wastewater collection services. Together, we can keep our pipes clear and our water clean. How Can You Help? The first step to being a sewer steward is keeping your pipes in good working
The Clean Water Act Turns 50!
The Clean Water Act turns 50! On October 18, 1972, the United States approved the Clean Water Act (CWA). This Act formally recognizes that access to clean water is a fundamental human right. The goal of CWA is to restore and maintain the purity of water sources in the United States for safe use by
MetroConnects Board of Commissioners Meets Monday, October 17, 2022
The MetroConnects Board of Commissioners will meet at 2 p.m. Monday, October 17, 2022. View the meeting agenda.


Zlatan Ibrahimovic looks like he could be bringing his ego to the Premier League next season, but there's still questions as to which kit he will be boasting about himself in. The 'Ferrari' of footballers has been linked to the likes of Manchester United, Chelsea, West Ham, Arsenal and just about every other side, which is understandable given his record through a stellar career. Zlatan has continuously made headlines with his play in the Champions League by being both spectacular and controversial – it's clear that Zlatan loves the European spotlight.
Having never won the Champions League, would that be a factor in his decision on which Premier League side to join?
Or, is he looking simply for the highest wages? If that's the case, he may have to watch the Champions League as a spectator for a least a year at a club like Man United or Chelsea. At 34, 'Ibra' does not have many years to waste in his hunt for European glory.


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College 3 x 5: Learning Languages
Some children show themselves to love language from a very young age. They love the sounds, the meanings, and the nuance of words. If this describes your student, they can turn their passion for languages into a career. The US Department of State has identified nine "critical languages" that are essential to economic competitiveness and national security. The national need for trained speakers in these languages exceeds the number of bilingual speakers available, so The Language Flagship supports advanced language education in undergraduate programs in several universities. A complete list and more information about Flagship Centers can be found at http://www.thelanguageflagship.org. The following colleges and universities provide intensive study in some of the nine critical languages: Arabic, Chinese, Hindi/Urdu, Korean, Portuguese, Persian, Russian, Swahili, and Turkish.
Boise State University, Boise, Idaho
Ten languages are taught in the Department of Modern Languages and Literature. Students can major or minor in common romance languages, and can minor in American Sign Language, Basque, Chinese, and Japanese. Two years of Arabic language instruction and two years of Korean are also offered.
For students with successful completion of high school language classes, challenge exams are available for American Sign Language, Arabic, Basque, French, German, Japanese, Mandarin Chinese, and Spanish.
Boise State University participates in the Western Undergraduate Exchange, making annual tuition less than $10,000 for Oregon residents and provides generous non-resident tuition scholarships.
University of California, Los Angeles, CA
UCLA offers intensive language study in all nine of the critical languages. Three levels of Persian are taught, with additional courses in Kurdish, Armenian, and Berber. Turkic dialects of Turkish, Uzbek, Bashkir, and Azeri are each taught to the advanced level.
Asian Languages offered are Chinese, Filipino/Tagalog, Hindi, Indonesian, Japanese, Korean, Sanskrit, Thai and Vietnamese. Slavic languages offered are Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian, Czech, Hungarian, Polish, Romanian, Russian, and Ukranian.
Seven Scandinavian and three Germanic languages are offered; All levels of Portuguese are offered in addition to the more commonly studied romance languages of Spanish, French, and Italian.
Middlebury College, Middlebury, VT
Ten languages, plus Latin and Greek, are taught from beginning to advanced levels and augmented by Middlebury Schools Abroad. Study abroad opportunities abound in multiple locations in sixteen countries around the world.
Each summer, the internationally recognized Middlebury Language Schools transform the campus into an immense multilingual community. Languages of study include Arabic, Chinese, French, German, Hebrew, Italian, Japanese, Portuguese, Russian and Spanish.
The popular International & Global Studies program is bolstered by 37 campuses in sixteen countries abroad.
University of Montana, Missoula, MT
The Department of Modern & Classical Languages and Literature offers language instruction in Ancient Greek, Chinese, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Latin, Persian, Russian, Spanish and Turkish.
The Japanese language and literature program produces students comfortable in both academic and professional settings, going on to succeed in business, teaching, and advanced degree programs.
Study abroad programs support the learning of critical languages and are available through UM's own departmental study abroad trips and cooperative agreements with other university programs abroad.
University of Texas, Austin, TX
Within the UT College of Liberal Arts, eight academic departments teach thirty nine languages in undergraduate and graduate programs
The Department of Middle Eastern Studies teaches Arabic, Aramaic, Akkadian, Classic Ethiopian, Hebrew, Syriac, , Turkish, and Ugartic, and is a Flagship Center for the study of Arabic
The Asian Cultures and Languages major offers specializations in Chinese, Hindi/Urdu, Japanese, Korean, Malayalam, Sanskrit and Tamil, and is a Flagship Center for the study of Hindi/Urdu.
Other strong language programs in the critical languages are found at Arizona State University, Brigham Young University (UT), Bryn Mawr College (PA), University of Hawaii/Manoa, Indiana University, University of Michigan, University of Minnesota, University of Oregon, and Portland State University. Students who have reached proficiency in a language in high school should make sure the college program teaches to advanced levels.


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Home » Blog » Blog » Investors, Advisers Must be Mindful to Comply with New U.S. Ban on Estimated $1 Trillion of Chinese Securities
Blog | Broker-Dealers
Investors, Advisers Must be Mindful to Comply with New U.S. Ban on Estimated $1 Trillion of Chinese Securities
January 22, 2021 by Jacko Law Group, PC
Financial advisers and broker-dealers should conduct thorough and frequent reviews of their clients' holdings in certain Chinese companies now that a November Executive Order that prohibits new U.S. investments in companies with alleged ties to China's military has taken effect.
As of January 11, 2021, the U.S. has banned new investments in 44 listed Chinese companies with a connection to a "Communist Chinese military company."[1] An additional 200 Chinese companies may face delisting on U.S. exchanges if they do not allow federal regulators to review auditing results. Under terms of the Executive Order, U.S. investors have until November 11, 2021, to divest all shares in Chinese companies subject to the ban as determined by the U.S. State Department.
Affected Chinese companies include those "that enable human rights abuses, entities that supported the militarization and unlawful maritime claims in the South China Sea, entities that acquired U.S.-origin items in support of the People's Liberation Army's programs, and entities and persons that engaged in the theft of U.S. trade secrets," according to a U.S. government statement.[2]
List of Banned Companies Under Constant Review
An adviser's fiduciary responsibility to comply with the ban is complicated by the fact the U.S. has added several Chinese companies to the list in January 2021. As many as 1,100 Chinese companies, many of which are unlisted and not likely to be in the portfolios of U.S. investors, could be subject to the ban.[3]
Some of the affected Chinese companies most popular among U.S. investors include China Telecom (CHA), China Mobile (CHL), China Unicom (CHU), China National Offshore Oil Corp. (CNOOC), smartphone maker Xiaomi, drone maker DJI, semiconductor firm SMIC, and plane manufacturer Commercial Aircraft China.
Chinese companies absent from U.S. exchanges and listed in Shanghai or Hong Kong are subject to the ban. Advisers and investors should note that, as of the date of this article, such index fund favorites as Alibaba, Baidu, and Tencent have not yet been added to the list of restricted Chinese companies, but that could change.
The Role of Indexers, Active Managers, and Advisers
Global index providers FTSE Russell, MSCI, and S&P have been adjusting the underlying indexes of their Chinese ETF portfolios to accommodate the evolving list and comply with the Executive Order. U.S.-based China ETFs have approximately $25 billion in assets under management. In 2020, 30 of those 53 ETFs had better 1-year performance than the S&P 500.[4]
Those with oversight over such actively managed investment vehicles as hedge funds and mutual funds must remain vigilant to changes in the list of investments restricted by the Executive Order. Advisers with clients who have invested in individual Chinese securities should consider whether existing regulatory policies and procedures are in place to ensure compliance with the Executive Order.
News reports indicate that changes to the Executive Order are not likely for some time since new President Joe Biden's administration has said it will prioritize COVID-19 vaccinations, economic stimulus, and other issues in the coming months.
Jacko Law Group can work with your team to put the proper policies and procedures in place to comply with this evolving legal and compliance responsibility. To schedule a consultation, call 619.298.2880 or visit us at jackolg.com.
[1] The term "Communist Chinese military company" is defined in Section 4(a) of the Executive Order.
[2] https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-12-18/u-s-to-blacklist-smic-and-dozens-more-china-firms-reuters-says
[3] https://www.barrons.com/articles/these-chinese-companies-were-added-to-the-u-s-banned-list-what-investors-need-to-know-51610794800
[4] https://www.etf.com/etfanalytics/etf-finder/?sfilters=eyJnZW9ncmFwaHkiOnsiaW4iOlsiQ2hpbmEiXSwib3JkZXIiOjB9fQ==
Tags:Broker-Dealers Investment Advisers Policies and Procedures (P&P) Regulatory Compliance
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Pinterest may be the new kid on the block when it comes to social media giants but the company has grown enormously in the past couple of years to become a craze in itself. Not content with taking the web by storm, Pinterest are now looking to revolutionise the world of online advertising and are now taking on paid advertisers to their site.
It is hard to believe that Pinterest is only four years old and that there was once a time when we didn't create online scrap books filled with lovely things and pictures of places we want to visit and all the things we love about Pinterest are being moved into the world of adverts on the site.
Instead of following the classic buy here or click here models used by everyone on the web for decades now, Pinterest instead wants advertisers to be as creative as the people who love Pinterest.
The plan for advertisers is to start with a group of selected marketers who will be able to have promoted pins on the site with the aim being for advertisers to embrace the ethos of Pinterest if they want to be noticed from the crowd.
it will be no good creating a pin that has poor graphics or no design element because on Pinterest the emphasis really is on the visual and the aim would be to come up with a pin that everyone wants to add to their own boards.
So far Pinterest have declined to let anyone know just how much it is going to cost to have your own promoted pin on the site, when the adverts will start to make an appearance or even who the first companies to be able to have a coveted promoted pin label will be.
Pinterest has already succeeded where other social media companies have failed in being able to convert clicks into real cash for companies. This is a site where companies can pin pictures of products with links to where you can then buy them from and they can see real results unlike other social media platforms where more traditional forms of advertising are needed to engage users.
The success of the company is reflected in its valuation of nearly four billion dollars, despite the company not actually making any money itself until now.
Social media users have been notoriously scathing of paid advertising on networks so Pinterest will have to tread carefully if they do not want to lose any precious users while moving towards paid advertising in the future, however if the company manages to get it right this could mean a big pay day is finally coming to the door of Pinterest.


So the AJ is still at it – breaking stories about the Garden Bridge that continue to heap embarrassment and awkward questions on those involved.
The latest is about the fact that Transport for London missed a chance to stop the project more than one year before Sadiq Khan's decision to call time on it – something that could have saved the taxpayer some £16 million. The project reached a critical milestone in early 2016, where TfL not only had the opportunity stop the project, but in fact had a responsibility to stop it.
That was when then Garden Bridge Trust had to demonstrate that it had satisfied a set of conditions for the project to proceed to the next stage and for further funding to be released by TfL.
The Trust demonstrably fell short of meeting those conditions, but officials at TfL – up to and including its Commissioner, Mike Brown, it's understood – chose to let the project go ahead anyway. That not only released a further £7 million of grant funding, but also required the Trust to then seek a £15 million Government underwrite of cancellation costs (later reduced to £9 million).
A cross-party spectrum of politicians from Parliament and the London Assembly has lined up to demand answers from Brown about what happened. How did TfL manage to convince itself that the Trust had met its funding conditions when at least two of those conditions were so clearly not satisfied?
How did TfL manage to convince itself that the Trust had met its funding conditions?
In truth, we knew much of this back in December 2016, when the AJ broke the story of a possible conflict of interest, where the main official responsible for these decisions – TfL's then planning director, Richard de Cani – was in his notice period, having accepted a job with Arup, the bridge's engineer and lead consultant. I even wrote about it in City Metric at the time. Why is it all being rehashed now?
It's because Brown has at last admitted that the release of funding was at TfL's discretion and was not a purely procedural payment that was automatically triggered by the Trust's decision to sign a construction contract. It has thus far been impossible for the London Assembly or enquiring journalists to ask probing questions about these funding conditions, because Brown stubbornly refused to acknowledge that they even existed or that they mattered.
Brown has spent over a year trying to dodge this issue. When appearing before the London Assembly or its committees, Brown answered verbal questions about this decision with some combination of the following phrases: 'I don't know', 'I don't remember', and 'I'll have to come back to you on that'. He then followed up a few months later with written responses that skilfully parse words and legal subtleties to further obfuscate and confuse the issue.
Now that the commissioner has finally conceded that the release of funding in February 2016 was at TfL's discretion, it is incumbent on the organisation to come clean about exactly what happened.
Why did TfL choose to ignore the safeguards that it had previously built into its own contract with the Garden Bridge Trust? Did TfL exceed the mandate of the Mayoral Decision that instructed it to fund the Garden Bridge Trust and that specified that 'payments to GBT will be staged to cover pre- and post-construction contract award activities, with conditions to be met before funds are provided'?
Why did TfL choose to ignore the safeguards that it had previously built into its own contract with the Garden Bridge Trust?
What role did Richard de Cani – from an apparently conflicted position – play in that assessment? Did Brown, as commissioner, intentionally mislead the London Assembly when he wrote to member Tom Copley that this decision came after the signing of a construction contract that 'had already taken place' (it hadn't)?
More generally, one gets the sense that the Garden Bridge story simply won't die until somebody, somewhere, takes some measure of responsibility for it.
Almost £50 million was spent with nothing to show for it. Yet, amazingly, the only individual to a pay any price whatsoever for their involvement with this project is Dame Margaret Hodge, who repaid £2.97 for using House of Parliament stationery to write her damning report. She was even made to apologise for this supposed breach of ethics.
I now think about that every time I am moved to make a joke about dysfunctional politics in America. Because everyone else is rolling in clover.
But Lumley's 'national treasure' status remains untarnished as she prepares to host the BAFTAs.
Thomas Heatherwick pitched the idea to TfL, picked his own procurement method, conceived the idea of a Trust, recruited its Trustees, installed its chief executive and served as its Founding Member. He now denies any involvement with the Trust and takes every opportunity to remind us that he was 'just the designer'. He has also walked away with nearly £3 million of fees.
That's chickenfeed compared with the engineering giant, Arup, which must have banked at least £10 million from the project. Apart from those innocent early days when it seemed the whole PR strategy for the Garden Bridge consisted of one project manager from Arup trying to take on the Internet, the practice has only raised its head above the parapet long enough to send threatening letters to The Architects' Journal.
And, of course, the two individuals who probably worked hardest to advance the project – TfL's Richard De Cani and former deputy mayor for transport, Isabel Dedring – are now gainfully employed at senior positions within Arup.
Others at TfL who were involved in these critical spending decisions include Michelle Dix, Andy Brown and Alex Williams, all of whom have since been promoted to, respectively, managing director of Crossrail 2, head of corporate affairs and director of borough planning.
Sir Peter Hendy, the previous TfL Commissioner, who oversaw nearly £10 million of spending on the project and advanced it through planning before the TfL Board even knew it was 'a thing', has since taken over at the London Legacy Development Corporation.
Sarah Sands was the then-managing editor of the Evening Standard, which aggressively championed the Garden Bridge since its inception. The surreal transcript of her meeting with Margaret Hodge reveals a creepy, almost cultish belief in the 'genius' of Thomas Heatherwick and her corresponding disdain for anyone that doesn't succumb to it. She is now editor of Radio Four's Today programme.
Sands was replaced at the Standard by George Osborne, who has at least had the good sense to stay quiet and hope that everyone forgets that – as the responsible 'Austerity Chancellor' – he tried to funnel £30 million of national taxpayer's money into a pretty garden in Central London.
The Garden Bridge trustees were investigated by the Charity Commission, which looked specifically at the signing of the construction contract and concluded that the process was 'robust' because there had been 'some benchmarking of hourly rates and materials'. That's a little bit like an inquiry into the Titanic concluding that the captain did nothing wrong because – up until the iceberg – the ship was bang on schedule throughout the whole journey. The Charity Commission investigation said less about the Garden Bridge Trust than it did about the competence of the Charity Commission to investigate charities.
Sure, the London Assembly has managed, through a legal summons, to dragoon him back to City Hall for one more grilling. But what will that achieve? He's been in that chair before. Johnson thrives in that environment. He will bluster and buffoon his way through it, complaining about a political witch-hunt instigated by Sadiq Khan and executed by Labour grandee Margaret Hodge. He doesn't care – he's already building a bigger bridge to France.
Taxpayers are out of pocket by nearly £50 million and everyone involved has either profited directly from our loss or has been promoted out of reach. We were mugged and we never had the chance to 'confront our attacker'. We never had closure. That's why the AJ's latest story is important.
Someone, at last, is demanding a complete and honest answer from Transport for London about its role in the key decisions that led to so much money being wasted.
It may be fun to pick on Boris Johnson, celebrity designers or entitled Trustees, but of the £46 million wasted, TfL is directly responsible for about £30 million.
Some of that spending does pre-date Mike Brown's appointment as TFL Commissioner. But Brown cannot wash his hands of that critical decision in February 2016 and all the problems that cascaded from it.
That was a bad decision made on his watch. He now needs to provide a better explanation than 'I don't know' or 'I don't remember'. He really needs to get back to us on that.
The reason the taxpayer has paid out quite unnecessarily is because nothing has been built. The squeaking and squealing is a consequence of a 'London can't make it' miasma which is promoting bean-counter zealotry over creative achievement. (It was the same with the London Olympics until it was a success. Then the moaners started claiming the credit.) On housing, the armchair strategists know all about procurement but don't know how to actually getting anything built. London tourism is dependent on historical public expenditure which took place on a vast scale to create magnificent buildings and parks. Now we are too frightened to build a simple pedestrian bridge which would have attracted millions of visitors. It is the same small-mindset that doesn't get the need for an estuary airport. Sad.
I commend Paul Finch for his consistent stance in defending the Garden Bridge, and he might in part be speaking out on the principle that there's a need for someone to act as 'devil's advocate' in the face of so much criticism of what he seems convinced would have been a marvellous asset.
But the amount of 'artful dodging' from a variety of prominent people and organisations who should be role models for ethical behaviour is more than just disquieting, and needs addressed.
The key here is the fact that it was transport funding, not tourism funding - it was money assigned in the public purse for projects with a proven cost:benefit ratio, proposals tested by going through consultations and voted on by our elected representatives before being adopted in the London Plan, Borough Council Plans and the TfL transport plan.
I am going stick my neck here again... when the decision was made by the then Mayor to give £30m of transport funding to the garden bridge this was the entire amount that TfL had at their disposal for any bridges anywhere in London. The only pedestrian bridge at that point that is adopted policy in both the London Plan and the local Borough Plans, and had planning consent already in place and was has a proven cost:benefit ratio independently verified by 2 separate studies undertaken by TfL and Wandsworth council was the Diamond Jubilee Bridge. This bridge could have been completed and open with change to spare at that time for less than the £30 assigned to the Garden Bridge.
There's a former Mayor of London (now a cabinet minister and climbing) and some of his very senior and well remunerated former TfL employees, who should be held to account for their actions - inter alia - in favouring the Garden Bridge over the Diamond Jubilee Bridge.
Politely asking them to explain themselves doesn't seem to work that well - it would seem to be easier to extract a monster fat berg from a London sewer than gain clarification of Garden Bridge matters from the hon. Boris Johnson..
If the abandoned Garden Bridge design should be regarded as a "simple pedestrian bridge", as Paul Finch suggests, should we regard the Houses of Parliament to be a "simple public meeting hall"?


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New developments in the race to save the orcas
A coalition has committed to working with the National Marine Fisheries Service to develop a long-term plan to protect salmon runs, which are critical to the Southern Resident orca that feed on them.
Wildlife & wild places
The odds of winning the race to save the Southern Resident orca could improve soon.
On Oct. 21, a coalition of fishing and conservation groups submitted a request to suspend a lawsuit that challenges the federal plan for dam operations on the Snake and Columbia Rivers. If approved, the coalition has committed to working with the National Marine Fisheries Service to develop a long-term plan to protect the rivers' salmon runs, which are critical to the orca that feed on them.
In the interim, federal agencies agreed to a compromise on hydropower operations that would allow juvenile salmon to pass through more quickly during migration.
"Pacific Northwest salmon are a vital part of keeping Washington's ecosystems healthy," said Mandy Apa, a conservation associate with Environment Washington. "It is exciting to see progress in the discussions around creating a comprehensive long-term solution to help save the salmon that, in turn, will save the orca."
Read more about this development.
Lean more about our Save Our Orcas campaign.
JOIN OUR CALL FOR ACTION
Photo: Chinook salmon are 80% of the Southern Resident orca's diet – but there aren't enough to go around. Credit: Tory Kallman via Shutterstock
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What's next for Washington in the fight against plastic pollution