Adjectives and adverbs are an important part of any writing style. Used well they can elevate boring sentences and help writers clearly state their ideas, but when used badly they can distract the reader or even change the meaning of a sentence. Below you'll find a guide to some of the most common adjective and adverb problems along with simple guidelines to help you use them correctly.
Just a reminder: An adjective is a word that modifies a noun, and an adverb is a word that modifies a verb, adjective, preposition, or other adverb.
The problem was going to be very impossible to solve without help.
She was actually happy to see her brother.
One of the most common problems with adjectives and adverbs is simply putting them in where they don't belong. These words-known as unnecessary modifiers-pop up all the time in academic writing, in part because they're so common in conversational English. We insert extra words like really or kind of into our speech all the time for emphasis or as slang, but these unnecessary modifiers have no place in formal writing.
There are two main types of unnecessary modifiers you should be on the lookout for when you're doing academic writing. The first is adjectives or adverbs that modify a word that technically can't be modified, that is, a word that expresses a singular idea that does not have degrees. Think of these words as being like yes or no questions. For example, something can be or not be impossible, pregnant, fatal, or unique, but they can't be kind of pregnant or very impossible. When you see these words in your writing, you should cut them; so, the example above should read "The problem was going to be impossible to solve without help."
The other main type of unnecessary modifier is adjectives and adverbs that don't add any real value to the sentence. Words like actually, really, and definitely aren't changing the meaning of a word or sentence. And while we use these words in conversation all the time, they have no place in formal writing. In the example above, cutting the word actually doesn't change the meaning of the sentence, so there's no reason to leave it in: "She was happy to see her brother."
When he plays the piano he sounds badly.
Adjectives and adverbs are closely related. Obviously, both sets of words modify other words, and usually adverbs are formed by adding -ly to adjectives (e.g., quick becomes quickly and slow becomes slowly). The similarities between the two groups of words can lead to trouble when it comes time for writers to choose either adjective or adverb.
While the general rules of modifiers will get you most of the way (remember, adjectives modify nouns, while adverbs modify everything else), there are a few special cases that tend to cause problems. One of those is when the sentence has linking verbs like is, sound, feel, and taste that are followed by a modifier. Even though it looks like the modifier is addressing the verb, and hence should be an adverb, it's actually describing the subject of the sentence, which means you should use an adjective. In the example above, sounds is a linking verb, so the sentence should read "When he plays the piano, he sounds bad."
She runs good and fastly.
Another source of adjective/adverb mix-ups is the group of modifiers in which it's not clear whether words are adjectives or adverbs. For example, there are some adjectives that end in -ly (e.g., friendly, lovely, silly) and plenty of adverbs that don't (e.g., fast, loud, far; these are known as flat adverbs because their form is the same whether they're acting as adjectives or adverbs). In the example above, fast is an irregular adverb, and its form doesn't change when it goes from being an adjective to ad adverb. So, fastly should be fast.
It's also true that some adverbs don't look anything like their adjective form (e.g., well is the adverb form of good), and, if that wasn't enough, the meaning of some adjectives changes entirely when the -ly ending is added (e.g., hard means firm or difficult; hardly means not very much). In the above example, good is modifying runs, which means you actually need to adverb form: "She runs well."
Unfortunately, the only way to learn all these irregular adjectives and adverbs is to memorize them and practice using them.
o matter how quick she finishes she'll probably lose.
One of the easiest adjective/adverb mistakes to make is simply to misidentify which word is being modified. This often happens in sentences with complex syntax or where the modifier and the word it modifies are separated by other text. For instance, in the example above, the word quick looks like it's modifying the word she, but in fact it's changing the word finishes (i.e., how will she finish-quickly). Thus, it should be an adverb, not an adjective: "No matter how quickly she finishes, she'll probably lose."
One of the things that makes adjectives and adverbs hard to use is that they can be moved almost anywhere in a sentence. But while they might technically make sense in any number of places, changing their location can also change the meaning of the sentence, which means it's important to understand how the location of modifiers impacts what you're trying to say.
In the above example, the modifier only is added to the sentence in three different places. In the first, it modifies Jessica and tells the reader that no one else except Jessica brought dinner. In the second, it modified brought and tells the reader that Jessica did nothing except bring dinner. And, in the final sentence, only modifies dinner and tells the reader that Jessica brought nothing except dinner. Other words that can change the meaning of a sentence depending on where they're placed include just, even, almost, and nearly.


We have two sites, Webb's Road and Meteor Street.
Webb's Road is the original site of Belleville Primary School, with a large Victorian building where around 700 children are based, including our Nursery provision.
We opened our Meteor Street site in 2011 and just over 200 children are based in this modern building.
The children at the two sites come together for a range of events. We are committed to ensure excellence at both sites and to embrace the huge opportunities two sites offers to improve the education for all of the children at Belleville.


She doesn't like the movies he's made since Day After Tomorrow?? She thinks he should be in rom-coms?
He plays a nerd, albeit one that looks like he was designed in a lab for extremely good-looking people; he's got enough dark, chestnut-y hair to run your fingers through, a kind smile and an honest laugh, and I already went over his eyes.
Did she watch Okja? Because there was literally nothing attractive about him in that particular movie. Maybe this is just my cold talking, but this article is literally one the of dumbest takes I've read on Jez all week.
I think I should note my personal relationship with Gyllenhaal: He once almost bumped into me on the corner of Grand and Mercer and I gave him a dirty look before realizing it was him. Also, we were once on the Q train together and I was standing right next to him and he's very handsome. That is all.


text:
Home » Fashion » Mum reveals surprising reason she takes down all Christmas decorations at 11pm on December 25 & people think it's cute
Mum reveals surprising reason she takes down all Christmas decorations at 11pm on December 25 & people think it's cute
CHRISTMAS Day may have only been hours ago, but a mum has revealed the sweet reason why she has already taken all her decorations down.
While many people were lying in a food coma last night, TikTok mum Georgia Schofield was taking down her tree and decorations at 11pm.
The mum, who posts under @bruh.georgia, revealed that the reason has to do with her daughter.
In a video, she said: "When your daughter's birthday is December 26."
She added: "Time to get on with the birthday decorating."
Her video has already been viewed nearly two million times, and people praised her dedication.
One said: "I love this, think it's really thoughtful that you bring Christmas celebrations to an end to celebrate her birthday."
FABULOUS BINGO: GET A £5 FREE BONUS WITH NO DEPOSIT REQUIRED
Another added: "You're a wonderful mum."
However, one person joked: "Couldn't think of anything worse taking my tree down stuffed after my dinner."
Some people questioned why she had to take down the decorations.
I had to lose weight – docs warned I could die like dad, says Charlotte Dawson
I MISS YOU, PHILIP
Queen's tribute to Philip's 'mischievous twinkle' & 'familiar laugh'
BURGER ME
I work in McDonald's & here's what I REALLY think of you based on what you order
COVID CHRISTMAS
Queen misses church as Charles & Camilla lead royals arriving for service
Georgia said: "If my birthday was the day after Christmas I can think of nothing worse than having the tree up so that's why I take it down.
"I try and make it as normal as possible for her.
"It's our own little family tradition to take the tree down on Christmas night ready for her birthday tomorrow."
Meanwhile, fake trees, Yankee candles & outdoor lights – the Christmas decorations which make you TACKY, etiquette expert reveals.
And here's what your Christmas decorations really say about you & how to tell how much your friends like you by their cards.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


CRISTAL E is a fast epoxy resin (catalyzes in just 4 hours!) And simple to use.
Ideal for making bijoux, cabochons, jewels and works by Mixed Media.
Cristal E is a professional product that allows the creation of transparent, brilliant works, typical of epoxy resin, halving the processing time. Thanks to its innovative formula the creations have been transformed from the models after only 4 hours and harden completely after 6 hours.
The working time is 10'-15 'for quantities up to 30gr.
To get the best result, work for 60-90 seconds and apply.
Prepare 100 grams of product at a time to prevent the resin from pre-catalyzing before exercise.
Technical note: catalysis times (hardening of the creations) are influenced by external factors, such as temperature and humidity. The higher the temperature, the faster the catalysis.
Furthermore, the product can be removed from the silicone molds after 4 hours, but its maximum safety (not deformable) will occur after 12 / 24h.
As with all other epoxy resins, the use of tempera and acrylic enamels in percentages higher than 1% can damage the mechanical strength of the creations.


Latest stories, gossip and pictures on Israel Folau. Don't miss.
We propose to you latest pictures collections and interesting stories on Israel Folau. Visit next pages (Older News ··>) or other sections of our website to see all Israel Folau news, gossip and picdumps.


Liaison Committee Chairman (Dr Sarah Wollaston): We are going to move on to another area – Defence expenditure. We will start with Dr Julian Lewis. For those following from outside the room, there is now a graph on our website that Dr Lewis is going to refer to.
Q122 Dr Julian Lewis: Thank you for coming this afternoon, Prime Minister. We are constantly told that Defence is the 'first duty' of Government, and you personally have a strong record of securing the renewal of the nuclear deterrent, at one end of the military spectrum, and investing major resources against cyber, hybrid and terrorist threats, at the other. However, the Defence Committee and the Public Accounts Committee have identified a 'black hole' in the Defence equipment budget, which, unless it is filled, puts at risk the conventional Armed Forces in the following way. If that black hole is not filled, we could lose 11,000 soldiers, 1,000 to 2,000 Royal Marines, one or both amphibious assault ships, several frigates, several dozen helicopters and about 80 armoured vehicles.
If Defence is indeed the first duty of Government, why is it possible to find an extra £20 billion a year for the Health Service, and not even one-tenth of that amount needed to fill a black hole in the Defence equipment budget that puts the future of our conventional Armed Forces at risk?
The Prime Minister: As you will know, we have agreed that we will spend around £180 billion on Defence equipment and support over the next 10 years. That enables us to have a joint force for maritime task group, centred on the Queen Elizabeth-class aircraft carrier with the F-35 Lightning combat aircraft; a land division with three brigades, including a new strike force; an air group of combat, transport and surveillance aircraft; and a Special Forces task group.
We also continue to develop and invest in new conventional capabilities, as I am sure you will know. The F-35 Lightnings are now flying out of RAF Marham in the UK. We continue to prepare to receive nine new Boeing P-8 maritime patrol aircraft. The first of our eight new Type 26 frigates – HMS Glasgow – is undergoing construction. As you know, the manufacture of the new Dreadnought-class nuclear armed submarine is under way. The Army is accepting the £4.5 billion Ajax family of armoured vehicles. There is the ongoing development of a new mechanised infantry vehicle. There is a significant commitment by this Government to Defence equipment and support over the next 10 years.
Q123 Dr Lewis: The problem is that the equipment project is not affordable without an injection of further cash. I have let you have a couple of tables and, if you wouldn't mind, I would like you to look at the one that shows what has happened to Defence as a proportion of GDP. You didn't mention the much-trumpeted fact that we are standing fast by the 2% of GDP NATO minimum commitment; but, in reality, the last time we were in a confrontational situation with Russia, coupled with a major terrorist threat, was in the 1980s.
If you look at the graph on the other side of that sheet of paper, you will see that in that period in the 1980s, we were spending roughly the same amount on Defence, Education and Health. That was not 2% of GDP, but always between 4.5% and 5% of GDP. Now we still spend about 4.5% to 5% of GDP on Education, but we spend 8% of GDP on Health: so, we are spending four times as much on Health as we spend on Defence, and we cannot afford the Defence equipment programme. Why cannot more money be found for the first duty of Government, when £20 billion is being found for the NHS, which already has a multiple budget in comparison with the Defence budget?
The Prime Minister: As you know – you're right, I didn't reference the 2% of GDP – we are committed to increasing the Defence budget every year by 0.5% above inflation, so extra money is being put into Defence; but I would say there is a need, and this is where the Modernising Defence programme comes in, to ensure that the money we are spending on Defence is being spent as effectively as possible, and is being spent in the areas of the capabilities that we need. I continue to believe that it is important.
You have referenced the spending on the National Health Service; I believe that is important. I believe that as we see the changes that are taking place, and the increased pressures that come from aspects such as demographics in relation to the Health Service, that it is important that we have made that commitment to the Health Service.
We have made commitments to Defence and in the Modernising Defence Programme we are looking at both ensuring that money is being spent as well as it can be, and asking the question about what capabilities are needed for the future.
Q124 Dr Lewis: It is a fact that we have already had one serious round of defence cuts, in the 2010-15 Government, and it was only after that that we got anywhere near coming down to the 2% bare minimum. The sort of arguments you are giving me today are the ones that I have heard time and again from previous Defence Secretaries in office, including Sir Michael Fallon. Sir Michael Fallon is now freed from the constraints of office and he is saying, quite clearly, that we need to be spending 2.5% of GDP by the end of this Parliament, if we are not going to be sucked into this black hole in the Defence equipment budget.
In reality, if you look at the figures, traditionally we always spent a much greater proportion of GDP on Defence than on these other areas, in terms of the increases that they are receiving compared with ours. The increase you are talking about will take us up from, say, 2.18% of GDP to 2.19% of GDP; but, unless we get up to about 2.5% of GDP, we will have these major equipment and personnel cuts. You do not want that to happen, surely?
The Prime Minister: What I want to ensure is that we have the Defence capabilities – the Armed Forces – that are what we require in order to meet the threats that we are dealing with. We are a leading Defence nation; we will continue to be a leading Defence nation. And the Modernising Defence Programme is precisely about looking, as I say, at the question of what capabilities we need to deal with the threats that we face, alongside making sure that the Ministry of Defence is a Department that is spending its money as effectively as it can and should be.
Q125 Dr Lewis: Finally from me, if you would kindly look at the other table that you have there and the column for the 1980s, which, as I say, was the last time we were confronted by an assertive if not aggressive Russia, you can see there that in the first half of the 1980s we were spending just over 5% and in the second half of the 1980s just over 4.5% of our GDP on Defence. Our NATO European allies were spending significantly less – just over 3.5% and just over 3% – in each of those periods. The United States, by contrast, was spending significantly more – nearly 6% in the first half of the 1980s and over 6% of their much larger GDP in the second half of the 1980s.
So, will you accept that it has always been the case that we have significantly outspent our European NATO allies, and that that is one of the reasons why the Americans have been prepared to put so much extra in to defend Europe from threats from the East – because we have done more than our fair share, and shouldn't we continue to do so?
The Prime Minister: We are currently one of the few member states sitting around the NATO table, as you will know, that meets the 2% commitment for the GDP spend on Defence and that also meets the 20% commitment – that 20% of that budget be spent on equipment. We have been working alongside the United States, as I did last week, to ensure that other countries sitting around that table actually meet their commitments and recognise the importance of meeting those commitments in the future. I think the United States also looks at the capabilities that we are able to bring to the table in terms of Defence capabilities and we obviously have an important relationship with them, but we also have an important role to play in the defence of Europe.


text:
Q: How to profile a particularly slow or inefficient query I'm currently writing queries for my database but this is the first time I've dealt with large data sets of any sort, and I'm now finding that I need to improve the performance of my queries.
Scenario
I have a series of tables for purchases and customers as described below
users (user_id, forename, surname) 20k+ records
customers (customer_id, user_id, etc etc) 20k+ records
purchases (purchase_id, item_id, customer_id, price, timestamp, store_id) 150k+ records
deliveries (purchase_id, delivered_time etc) 150k+ records
store (store_id, name etc) <50  records
The query I am currently trying to perform should retrieve all customer names, the date of their last order, when that order was delivered and their total number of orders for all customers at a particular store whos most recent order was in the last 6 months. Here is what I'm currently using.
SELECT `customers`.`customer_id`, `forename`, `surname`, `delivered_time`, MAX(`purchases`.`timestamp`) as lastPurchase, COUNT(purchases.purchase_id) as totalPurchases FROM (`purchases`)
JOIN `deliveries` ON `purchases`.`purchase_id` = `deliveries`.`purchase_id`
JOIN `customers` ON `customers`.`customer_id` = `purchases`.`customer_id`
JOIN `users` ON `users`.`user_id` = `customers`.`user_id`
WHERE `store_id` = '1' GROUP BY `customer_id` HAVING lastPurchase >= '1372086055'

However, this is pretty slow and takes 1-2 seconds each time, and I can only assume this time would increase as the amount of data increases.
In an attempt to profile the query I have used EXPLAIN which seems to indicate it is searching through around 20k records in the deliveries table. What should my next steps be to optimize this query? How can I go about reducing the execution time?

A: You didn't provide CREATE TABLE scripts; thus, it's hard to give you a specific advice; I'll try to describe general approach....
If you want to speed up this query, first of all, make sure you have indexes on the columns that define join condition, used as a filter (WHERE), or column[s] you have in GROUP BY or ORDER BY. In general, a good sign that some indexes are missed is when EXPLAIN shows "NULL" in key,key_len and "ALL" in type column (not always though; for instance if you select all rows from the table, or table is small enough, so full scan is faster than index seek + lookup).  Then you may want to tweak some indexes to make them covering for this query.
Side note. The query seems to me like a BI query which normally is not executed against OLTP database. When dealing with a big data, it makes sense to build a few cubes based on data from operational db and query them instead of original data. The nature of OLTP implies high level of normalization and optimization for INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE, not for SELECTs (still possible, but queries can be very long, not clear, and quite slow).

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Faith Love Fellowship was born in 2012 when our Lord called Pastor Greg to begin this work. We started meeting in 2013 with five people as a weeknight Bible study group. In 2015, Faith Love Fellowship was incorporated and we continued meeting as a church on weekday evenings.
Faith Love Fellowship is now holding regular Sunday morning services and we would love for you to join with us and take part in our celebration and worship of our God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, where we delve into His Word and we discover and lay hold of His exceeding great and precious promises that He has made to us!
We know that as we gather together in His Name and we come to know more about Him, believing what He has promised us, God is faithful to fulfill His Word in our lives!
Why is the church called, 'Faith Love Fellowship'?
Every Christian has been saved by grace through faith. We walk by faith, not by sight. It is impossible to please God without faith. We overcome the world with our faith. Faith is how we receive from God. Faith works by Love.
God is Love. We are commanded to Love. Love fulfills the Law. Love dwells in us and we dwell in Love.
We are called into fellowship by Love. We fellowship together even as the Day of the Lord approaches. Our fellowship is with one another, with our Father and His Son, our Lord Jesus Christ.
We have faith in God, who is Love. We have fellowship with Love and with each other.
Ephesians 2:8. II Corinthians 5:7. Hebrews 11:6. I John 5:4-5. Mark 11:22-24. Galatians 5:6. I John 4:8. John 13:34. Matthew 22:37-40. Romans 13:10. I John 4:16. I Corinthians 1:9. Hebrews 10:25. I John 1:3.


text:
Johanne Theodolinde Erika Fuchs, geborene Petri (* 7. Dezember 1906 in Rostock; † 22. April 2005 in München), war eine deutsche Übersetzerin und von 1951 bis 1988 Chefredakteurin der Comic-Zeitschrift Micky-Maus.

Leben

Kindheit
Erika Petri war das zweite der insgesamt sechs Kinder von Auguste Petri geb. Horn (1878–1964) und August Petri (1873–1954). Auguste Horn wurde in Redwitz (Fichtelgebirge) geboren und wuchs in München auf. Sie machte eine Ausbildung zur Volksschullehrerin und unterrichtete von 1900 bis 1903 an einer Evangelischen Volksschule in Augsburg Musik und Singen. Als 18-Jährige lernte sie den aus Hohenhausen (Fürstentum Lippe) stammenden August Petri kennen, der an der Technischen Hochschule München ein Ingenieurstudium absolvierte. Beide heirateten Ende 1904, nachdem August Petri eine Anstellung als Elektroingenieur bei den Siemens-Schuckertwerken in Rostock bekommen hatte. Dort wurden 1905 der Sohn Friedrich und 1906 die Tochter Erika geboren. 1908 zog die Familie nach Reichenbach in Niederschlesien, wo August Petri den Bau eines Kohlekraftwerks zur Elektrizifierung des Eulengebirges leitete. Ende 1910 wurde August Petri von Siemens mit einem Großprojekt zur Elektrifizierung Hinterpommerns betraut. Unter seiner Direktion wurde in Belgard an der Persante (heute Polen) eine sogenannte Überlandzentrale gebaut, ein Kohlekraftwerk, das mehrere Landkreise und eine halbe Million Menschen mit elektrischer Energie versorgte. 1911 zog die Familie mit inzwischen vier Kindern aus Schlesien nach Belgard um, wo sie in der großen Direktorenvilla neben der Überlandzentrale wohnte. 1925 erfolgte ein erneuter beruflicher Wechsel von August Petri nach Stettin und 1934 nach Berlin, wo er Direktor des Märkischen Elektrizitätswerks wurde.

Erika Petri verbrachte ihre Jugendjahre von Ende 1911 bis Anfang 1926 in Belgard. Sie wuchs in einem großbürgerlichen Haushalt auf, in dem Dienstboten selbstverständlich waren. Vor allem der Vater achtete auf eine strenge Erziehung nach konservativen Maßstäben. Erika Fuchs berichtete später: "Bei uns daheim wurde nicht argumentiert und nicht ausdiskutiert. Da wurde befohlen und gehorcht." Da die fünf ältesten Petri-Kinder innerhalb von sieben Jahren geboren wurden (der jüngste Sohn Albrecht folgte erst 1919), führten sie trotzdem als Gruppe ein relativ eigenständiges Leben, über das Erika Fuchs später sagte: "Jedenfalls hatten wir einen ganz ungeheuren Auslauf".

Schule und Studium
Zu Ostern 1913 wurde Erika Petri in Belgard eingeschult. Bis 1921 besuchte sie die städtische Höhere Mädchenschule, wo in den höheren Klassen auch Französisch und Englisch unterrichtet wurde. Über diese Schule, die nicht zu einem anerkannten Abschluss führte, urteilte sie später: "Wir trieben viel Unsinn und lernten wenig. Vom geistigen Reichtum in der Welt erfuhren wir erst, als wir eine richtige Studienrätin für Deutsch und Geschichte bekamen." Diese Lehrerin, Frl. Margarete Wallis, lud interessierte Schülerinnen zu sich nach Hause ein und eröffnete ihnen die Welt des Wissens und der Literatur. Erika Petri und ihre Freundin Asta Hampe nahmen das begeistert auf. Der anspruchslose Unterricht an der Höheren Mädchenschule genügte ihnen nicht mehr; sie wollten auf ein Gymnasium, um Abitur zu machen und später zu studieren. In Belgard gab es damals aber noch kein Lyzeum, und koedukativer Unterricht an höheren Schulen war noch nicht eingeführt. 1921 setzte August Petri, der für die national-konservative DNVP im Belgarder Stadtrat saß, es mit Hilfe der Sozialdemokraten durch, dass seine Tochter und Asta Hampe das Belgarder humanistische Gymnasium besuchen durften. Beide wurden für ein Jahr vom Schulunterricht freigestellt, um Latein, Griechisch und Mathematik nachzulernen. Da Asta Hampes Familie bald darauf nach Hamburg zog, war Erika Petri schließlich das einzige Mädchen am Belgarder Knabengymnasium. 1922 bestand sie die Aufnahmeprüfung zur Untersekunda, und 1926 schloss sie ihre Schulzeit mit dem Abitur ab.

Anschließend studierte sie Kunstgeschichte mit den Nebenfächern Archäologie und Mittelalterliche Geschichte. Zum Sommersemester 1926 ging sie nach Lausanne, das Wintersemester 1926/27 studierte sie in München. Danach verbrachte sie ein Jahr in London, wo sie das University College besuchte. Vom Sommersemester 1928 bis zum Abschluss 1931 studierte sie an der Universität München. Im Juli 1931 wurde Erika Petri bei Prof. Wilhelm Pinder mit einer kunsthistorischen Arbeit über den Rokoko-Bildhauer und Stuckateur Johann Michael Feichtmayr d. J. (1709–1772) promoviert. Dafür hatte sie umfangreiche Recherchen in Kirchenarchiven durchgeführt und war mit dem Fahrrad durch Bayerisch-Schwaben gereist, um sakrale Kunstwerke fotografisch zu dokumentieren. Ihre Dissertation Johann Michael Feichtmayr: ein Beitrag zur Geschichte des deutschen Rokoko wurde mit "magna cum laude" bewertet. Im Druck erschien die Arbeit erst 1935, ohne die fotografischen Bildbelege und noch unter dem Geburtsnamen der Autorin: "vorgelegt von Erika Petri aus Stettin". Die Angabe "Stettin" erklärt sich dadurch, dass bei Studentinnen der Wohnsitz der Eltern als Heimatadresse galt.

Ehe
Ihren Ehemann Günter Fuchs (1907–1984) lernte Erika Petri während des Studiums in München kennen. Günter Fuchs stammte aus Schwarzenbach an der Saale (Oberfranken) und studierte an der Technischen Hochschule München Maschinenbau mit Schwerpunkt Technische Thermodynamik. 1930 schloss er sein Studium als Diplom-Ingenieur ab und gründete 1931 in seiner Heimatstadt Schwarzenbach eine Fabrik für moderne Wohnheizungen, die "Summa Feuerungen GmbH". Von 1935 bis zu seinem Tod 1984 war Günter Fuchs alleiniger Geschäftsführer dieser mittelständischen Firma, die zeitweise bis zu 50 Mitarbeiter und acht Außenstellen in deutschen Großstädten hatte. Günter und Erika Fuchs heirateten 1932 in Stettin und lebten anschließend in Schwarzenbach. Sie bekamen zwei Söhne, Thomas (geb. 1934) und Nikolaus (geb. 1938). Günter Fuchs, der neben seiner Beschäftigung mit technischen Innovationen auch großes Interesse für Formgebung und Gestaltung hatte und seit 1968 Lehraufträge (seit 1973 eine Professur) für Industriedesign wahrnahm, baute nicht nur das meiste Spielzeug für die Kinder selbst, sondern auch nach eigenen Entwürfen die Möbel für das Haus der Familie. Sie befinden sich heute im Münchner Stadtmuseum.

Nach dem deutschen Überfall auf die Sowjetunion 1941 wurde Günter Fuchs eingezogen. Er diente als Truppeningenieur bei der Panzertruppe unter General Guderian. Schon innerhalb der ersten Wochen erfand er technische Verbesserungen für Panzer, u. a. einen verbesserten Luftfilter für Panzermotoren und das später serienmäßig im Panzerkampfwagen VI Tiger eingebaute "Fuchsgerät", eine Starthilfe für Panzermotoren bei strengem Frost. Ende 1941 wurde er ans Heereswaffenamt nach Berlin abkommandiert, wo er 1942 als Ingenieur für Rüstungstechnik arbeitete. Von 1943 bis Kriegsende 1945 war Günter Fuchs für das deutsche Raketenbauprogramm in der unterirdischen Rüstungsfabrik "Vorwerk Mitte" bei Lehesten (Thüringen) tätig, einer Außenstelle der Mittelwerk GmbH. In dem Zweigbetrieb bei Lehesten wurden in erster Linie Raketentriebwerke für die in der Entwicklung befindliche V2 getestet. Hier wie auch im Mittelwerk wurden Tausende KZ-Häftlinge als Zwangsarbeiter eingesetzt. Aufgrund der extremen Arbeits- und Lebensbedingungen war die Sterberate unter den Häftlingen sehr hoch, selbst verglichen mit anderen Einsatzorten. Im April 1945 wurden das Mittelwerk und das Vorwerk Mitte von der US Army eingenommen und die zugehörigen Konzentrationslager Mittelbau-Dora und Lager Laura befreit. Günter Fuchs kooperierte mit den Amerikanern bei der Weitergabe deutscher Raketentechnologie, lehnte eine Übersiedlung in die USA im Rahmen der Operation Overcast aber ab. Schon im Juli 1945 konnte er nach Schwarzenbach zurückkehren.

In der Nachkriegszeit engagierten sich Günter und Erika Fuchs im Wiederaufbau. Günter Fuchs gehörte bis 1952 dem Schwarzenbacher Stadtrat an; Erika Fuchs gründete mit anderen Frauen aus dem Ort eine Elternvereinigung, die 1947 die Einrichtung eines Progymnasiums in der Kleinstadt durchsetzte.

Tod
Nach dem Tod ihres Mannes 1984 zog Erika Fuchs nach München, wo das Ehepaar 1974 ein Haus im Stadtteil Gern erworben hatte. Hier fand 1994 die erste und einzige Begegnung von Erika Fuchs mit Carl Barks statt, der eine Tournee durch mehrere europäische Länder absolvierte. Erika Fuchs starb am 22. April 2005 im Alter von 98 Jahren in München. Sie wurde auf dem Friedhof von Schwarzenbach an der Saale beigesetzt, an der Seite ihres Ehemannes Günter Fuchs.

Tätigkeit als Übersetzerin
Ende der 1940er Jahre bemühte Erika Fuchs sich um Übersetzungsaufträge. Für die seit 1946 im Rowohlt-Verlag Stuttgart erscheinende Literaturzeitschrift Story: Novellistik des Auslands übersetzte sie eine oder mehrere Kurzgeschichten aus dem Englischen, ebenso Artikel für die Zeitschrift Das Beste, die deutsche Ausgabe von Reader's Digest. 1951 wurde sie beim neu gegründeten Ehapa-Verlag Chefredakteurin der Comic-Zeitschrift Micky Maus, die sie in den nächsten Jahrzehnten durch ihre Übersetzungen stark prägte. Rund zwanzig Jahre lang übersetzte sie sämtliche in der Micky Maus erscheinenden Comic-Geschichten. In den 1970er Jahren schränkte sie ihre Übersetzungstätigkeit mehr und mehr ein auf die in Entenhausen spielenden Geschichten, später auf Storys mit Donald Duck und zuletzt auf Comic-Erzählungen von Carl Barks. Aufgrund ihrer seit den 1970er Jahren stark nachlassenden Sehkraft fiel ihr die Arbeit immer schwerer. 1988 trat sie in den Ruhestand, war aber noch in den 1990er Jahren an Übersetzungen für die Barks Library beteiligt. Ihre Übersetzungsarbeiten hat sie selbst nicht dokumentiert; auch im Verlag ist dies offenbar nicht geschehen. 2022 wurde erstmals der Versuch unternommen, den Umfang ihrer Übersetzungen für den Ehapa Verlag zu rekonstruieren.

Bekannt wurde Erika Fuchs insbesondere durch ihre Übersetzungen der Comic-Geschichten von Carl Barks rund um die Familie Duck. Ihre Übersetzungen sind nicht nur sprachlich ausgefeilt und voller Wortwitz, sie enthalten auch viele versteckte Zitate, literarische und zeitgeschichtliche Anspielungen. Erika Fuchs war der Überzeugung, man könne gar nicht gebildet genug sein, um Comics zu übersetzen. Die Nähe zur deutschen Klassik scheint etwa auf, wenn Tick, Trick und Track sich angelehnt an Schillers Version des Rütlischwurs versprechen: "Wir wollen sein ein einig Volk von Brüdern, in keiner Not uns waschen und Gefahr." Nicht selten verwendete Erika Fuchs Zitate, die erst spät als solche erkannt wurden. So ist zum Beispiel der oft als ihre Schöpfung bezeichnete Spruch "Dem Ingeniör ist nichts zu schwör" keine eigene Erfindung, sondern eine Abwandlung der ersten Zeile des Ingenieurlieds von Heinrich Seidel (1842–1906): "Dem Ingenieur ist nichts zu schwere / [...] er überbrückt die Flüsse und die Meere [...]" (veröffentlicht 1889 in dem Gedichtband Glockenspiel). Auch das Lautwort "Klickeradoms" hat sie nicht selbst erfunden, sondern von Wilhelm Busch aus der Bildergeschichte Die fromme Helene (1872) entlehnt. Bekannt ist Erika Fuchs' Persiflage auf das in der NS-Zeit viel gesungene Kampflied "Es zittern die morschen Knochen", in der sie die Panzerknacker singen lässt: "Wir sind die Panzerknacker und tun, was uns gefällt. / Heute gehört uns die Kohldampfinsel und morgen die ganze Welt!" In technischen Fragen ließ sie sich gern von ihrem Mann beraten. "Was er real und vernünftig macht, verwurschtle ich wieder, damit es ein bißchen verrückt wird", erzählte sie 1978 in einem Interview. Günter Fuchs war aber nicht nur in technischen Dingen bewandert, er war auch sehr belesen und trug vieles zum Gelingen ihrer Übersetzungen bei.

In den 1950er und 1960er Jahren wurden Comics oft noch generell als "Schund und Schmutz" betrachtet, als minderwertige und potentiell gefährliche Lektüre insbesondere für Kinder und Jugendliche. Das änderte sich Ende der 1960er Jahre mit der Neubewertung der Popkultur. Die Anerkennung von Comics als "Neunte Kunst" brachte nicht nur die künstlerische Wertschätzung von Comic-Zeichnern mit sich, sondern lenkte die Aufmerksamkeit auch auf die Arbeit von Comic-Übersetzerinnen. Spätestens seit den 1990er Jahren wurde das Übersetzungswerk von Erika Fuchs Gegenstand kulturhistorischer, linguistischer und übersetzungstheoretischer Forschungen.

Einfluss auf die deutsche Sprache
Für nicht-visuelle Aspekte des Geschehens im Comic verwendete Erika Fuchs zuweilen auf den Wortstamm verkürzte Verben (Inflektive), sowohl für Geräusche (Onomatopoesie) wie zum Beispiel raschel, rumpel, knall, quietsch als auch für menschliche nonverbale Lautäußerungen wie hüstel, stöhn, ächz, kicher, kreisch. Auch psychische, nicht geräuschhafte Vorgänge machte sie durch Inflektive sicht- und lesbar (z. B. grübel, schluck, zitter, bibber, schauder). Die Verwendung der Inflektivform zur visuellen Darstellung nichtvisueller Vorgänge wird ihr zu Ehren auch als Erikativ bezeichnet.

Wie der Donaldist Ernst Horst dargelegt hat, ist Erika Fuchs' Einfluss auf den alltäglichen Sprachgebrauch und in der Popkultur bis heute enorm. Die Welt von Entenhausen, wie sie von Carl Barks und Erika Fuchs dargestellt wurde, ist seit Ende der 1970er Jahre Gegenstand eines speziellen multidisziplinären Forschungsgebietes, des Donaldismus. Unter anderem im Feuilleton der Frankfurter Allgemeinen Zeitung erscheinen nicht selten von Erika Fuchs stammende Donald-Duck-Zitate in verfremdeten Zusammenhang – vornehmlich als Titelzeilen und Bildunterschriften.

Rezeption in der Kultur

Fuchs war Ehrenmitglied der D.O.N.A.L.D. (Deutsche Organisation nichtkommerzieller Anhänger des lauteren Donaldismus). Die Journalisten Patrick Bahners und Andreas Platthaus, ebenfalls Mitglieder des Vereins, verwendeten Fuchs' Stil zeitweise in den Überschriften des FAZ-Feuilletons. 2005 widmete der deutsche Rockmusiker Farin Urlaub Fuchs sein zweites Soloalbum Am Ende der Sonne. Der Humorist Max Goldt, der seit den 1990er Jahren in den Comics seines Duos Katz & Goldt häufig auf Fuchs' Sprache anspielt, benannte seinen 2015 erschienenen Band Räusper nach einem Erikativ.

Fuchs wurde vom Disney- und Carl-Barks-Verehrer Gottfried Helnwein 1991 für einen Gemälde-Zyklus (48 Portraits, Öl und Acryl auf Leinwand, jedes Bild 70 × 55 cm) fotografiert und gemalt, der unter dem Motto "Die 48 bedeutendsten Frauen des Jahrhunderts" ausgestellt wurde. Der Kunstsammler und Museumsgründer Peter Ludwig erwarb die 48 Portraits, die heute Bestandteil der Sammlung des Museums Ludwig in Köln sind.

Ehrungen
1994 wurde sie mit der Morenhovener Lupe ausgezeichnet.

2001 erhielt sie den Sonderpreis zum Heimito von Doderer-Literaturpreis und den Roswitha-Preis der Stadt Bad Gandersheim.

Der Asteroid (31175) Erikafuchs wurde am 21. August 2013 nach ihr benannt.

Die Stadt Schwarzenbach an der Saale beschloss 2012 die Einrichtung eines Museums für Erika Fuchs, da sie hier den größten Teil ihres Lebens verbracht hatte. Das Erika-Fuchs-Haus – Museum für Comic und Sprachkunst wurde nach dreijähriger Bauzeit am 1. August 2015 eröffnet.

Am 4. Februar 2021 beschloss der Kommunalausschuss des Münchner Stadtrats, in einem Neubaugebiet des Stadtbezirks Feldmoching-Hasenbergl einen Erika-Fuchs-Weg einzurichten.

Literatur
– chronologisch –
 Klaus Bohn: Das Erika-Fuchs-Buch. Disneys Übersetzerin von Donald Duck und Mickey Maus: Ein modernes Mosaik. Dreidreizehn, Lüneburg 1996, ISBN 3-929746-10-7.
 Patrick Bahners: Berengar Bläulichs Griff zur Macht. Wer die Verwestlichung lobt, der sollte Erika Fuchs ehren: Die Übersetzerin von Donald Ducks Geschichten wird neunzig. FAZ, Feuilleton, Samstag, 7. Dezember 1996, Seite 37, Artikelanfang.
 Peter Höpfner: Entenhausener Geschichte(n), Folge 112: Dr. Erika Fuchs (1906–2005) – Das Interview, in: Die tollsten Geschichten von Donald Duck, Heft 218. Egmont Ehapa, Berlin 2005, S. 33–36.
 Niklot Klüßendorf: Fuchs, Erika (1906−2005), in: Biographisches Lexikon für Mecklenburg. (= Veröffentlichungen der Historischen Kommission für Mecklenburg, Reihe A), Bd. 5, Rostock 2009, ISBN 978-3-7950-3746-8, S. 143–145.
 Ernst Horst: Nur keine Sentimentalitäten: Wie Dr. Erika Fuchs Entenhausen nach Deutschland verlegte. Blessing Verlag, München 2010, ISBN 978-3-89667-406-7, Leseprobe.
 Ilaria Meloni: Erika Fuchs' Übertragung der Comicserie Micky Maus. Dissertation an der Universität Magdeburg, 2010. Georg Olms Verlag, Hildesheim 2013, ISBN 978-3-487-15038-3, Klappentext, Inhaltsverzeichnis.
 Susanne Luber: Fug und Unfug in Donald-Duck-Geschichten der fünfziger Jahre. In: treibhaus. Jahrbuch für die Literatur der fünfziger Jahre; Bd. 8: Komik, Satire, Groteske, Edition Text + Kritik, München 2012, ISBN 978-3-86916-202-7, S. 21–51.
 Simon Schwartz: Erika Fuchs. (Mappe, Comic zur Ausstellung in zwölf Blättern.) Erika-Fuchs-Haus – Museum für Comic und Sprachkunst, Schwarzenbach an der Saale 2015.
 Ilaria Meloni: Translatorischer Spielraum und Comics – das Beispiel der Disney-Geschichten. In: Spielräume der Translation. Dolmetschen und Übersetzen in Theorie und Praxis, ed. Sigmund Kvam u. a., Waxmann, München 2018, ISBN 978-3-8309-3786-9, S. 243–263.

Filme (Auswahl)
 Entenhausen in Oberfranken: Das Erika-Fuchs-Museum. Dokumentarfilm, Deutschland, 2015, 8:55 Min., Buch: Iris Tsakirides, Kamera: Arnd Frenger, Produktion: BR, Reihe: Zwischen Spessart und Karwendel, Erstsendung: 25. Juli 2015 bei BR Fernsehen, Inhaltsangabe und Internetvideo von BR. Mit Archivaufnahmen von Erika Fuchs.
 Entenhausen in Bayern – Donaldistenkongress 2012. Fernseh-Reportage, Deutschland, 2012, 7:16 Min., Buch und Regie: N.N., Produktion: BR, Reihe: Wir in Bayern, Erstsendung: 16. April 2012 bei BR Fernsehen, Inhaltsangabe von ARD, über den D.O.N.A.L.D.-Kongress 2012 in Schwarzenbach a.d. Saale.
 Einblick: "Ächz, Stöhn, Keuch" – Deutsch für Donald. Die Übersetzerin Dr. Erika Fuchs. Dokumentarfilm, BR Deutschland, 1987, ca. 15 Min., Produktion: ZDF.

Weblinks

Biografien
 Erika Fuchs. In: Duckipedia
 Leben. In: Erika-Fuchs-Haus in Schwarzenbach a.d. Saale
 Über Erika Fuchs. In: BarksBase
 Susanne Pauer: Erika Fuchs, 1906–2005. In: Germersheimer Übersetzerlexikon (UeLex), 2015; mit weiteren Literaturangaben

Nachrufe
 Elke Heidenreich: Soviel wie die Pauker wußte Erika Fuchs schon lange! In: FAZ, 27. April 2005
 Harriet Wolff: Große Trauer in Entenhausen. In: taz, 27. April 2005
 Richard Schneider: "Man kann gar nicht gebildet genug sein, um Comics zu übersetzen." – Micky-Maus-Übersetzerin Dr. Erika Fuchs gestorben. In: UEPO.de (Übersetzerportal), 25. April 2005
 . In: Ehapa, April 2005

Allgemeines
 Erika-Fuchs-Zitatesammlung
 Maqz: In Memoriam Dr. Erika Fuchs zum 100ten (mit Bildzitaten) In: comicradioshow.com, 7. Dezember 2006
 Ulrich Goerdten:

Einzelnachweise

Übersetzer aus dem Englischen
Übersetzer ins Deutsche
Autor
Literatur (20. Jahrhundert)
Literatur (Deutsch)
Person (Schwarzenbach an der Saale)
Person (Disney)
Person als Namensgeber für einen Asteroiden
Person (Comic)
Deutscher
Geboren 1906
Gestorben 2005
Frau

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Everybody needs quick locksmith services in Cape Neddick, ME whenever the need arises. Sad to say, there are specific circumstances that these things happen in midst of the night. Obviously, as a homeowner, you want to keep your family and belonging safe whether its during the day or at night. We at locksmiths in Cape Neddick, ME are very aware of these potential problems that can happen. Every ones a dependable 24 hour emergency locksmith in Cape Neddick, Maine, this is why we make our tradesmen and technocrats available to you 24 hours of each day. Apart from being extremely experienced in the field, these professionals are also bonded, accredited and insured. Are you still searching for need cheap locksmiths in Cape Neddick, Maine? Well, our company offers superior quality services at affordable prices.
We are experts in all sorts of residential, commercial, automotive and industrial locksmith solutions. We also provide other services like, drive through locks, magnetic locks, master key systems, fingerprint door locks, padlocks, pool gate locks, store front locks, master locks safe installation, antique lock repairs, ignition key repairs and the likes. So, if you experience issues, the very best thing that you can do is to seek our assistance. We will get to your place in only 15 minutes or less from the time you place your call to us. You can constantly rely on us and to our services. So what are you awaiting? Try our Cape Neddick locksmith right now! You will be delighted you did!


text:
package org.insightech.er.editor.model.diagram_contents.element.node.table;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;

import org.insightech.er.ResourceString;
import org.insightech.er.db.sqltype.SqlType;
import org.insightech.er.editor.model.AbstractModel;
import org.insightech.er.editor.model.ObjectListModel;
import org.insightech.er.editor.model.diagram_contents.element.node.table.column.NormalColumn;

public class TableSet extends AbstractModel implements ObjectListModel,
		Iterable<ERTable> {

	private static final long serialVersionUID = 5264397678674390103L;

	public static final String PROPERTY_CHANGE_TABLE_SET = "TableSet";

	private List<ERTable> tableList;

	public TableSet() {
		this.tableList = new ArrayList<ERTable>();
	}

	public void add(ERTable table) {
		this.tableList.add(table);
		setDirty();
	}

	public int remove(ERTable table) {
		int index = this.tableList.indexOf(table);
		this.tableList.remove(index);
		setDirty();

		return index;
	}

	public void setDirty() {
		this.firePropertyChange(PROPERTY_CHANGE_TABLE_SET, null, null);
	}

	public List<ERTable> getList() {
		Collections.sort(this.tableList);

		return this.tableList;
	}

	public Iterator<ERTable> iterator() {
		Collections.sort(this.tableList);

		return this.tableList.iterator();
	}

	@Override
	public TableSet clone() {
		TableSet tableSet = (TableSet) super.clone();
		List<ERTable> newTableList = new ArrayList<ERTable>(this.tableList.size());

		for (ERTable table : this.tableList) {
			ERTable newTable = (ERTable) table.clone();
			newTableList.add(newTable);
		}

		tableSet.tableList = newTableList;

		return tableSet;
	}

	public List<String> getAutoSequenceNames(String database) {
		List<String> autoSequenceNames = new ArrayList<String>();

		for (ERTable table : this.tableList) {
			String prefix = table.getNameWithSchema(database) + "_";

			for (final NormalColumn column : table.getNormalColumns()) {
				SqlType sqlType = column.getType();

				if (SqlType.valueOfId(SqlType.SQL_TYPE_ID_SERIAL).equals(sqlType)
						|| SqlType.valueOfId(SqlType.SQL_TYPE_ID_BIG_SERIAL).equals(sqlType)) {
					autoSequenceNames
							.add((prefix + column.getPhysicalName() + "_seq")
									.toUpperCase());
				}
			}
		}

		return autoSequenceNames;
	}

	public String getDescription() {
		return "";
	}

	public String getName() {
		return ResourceString.getResourceString("label.object.type.table_list");
	}

	public String getObjectType() {
		return "list";
	}

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Home » News » Scientists study just how far can spit fly at a soccer game
Scientists study just how far can spit fly at a soccer game
About This Source - Reuters
Reuters is an international news organization owned by Thomson Reuters. It employs some 2,500 journalists and 600 photojournalists in about 200 locations worldwide. The agency was established in London in 1851 by the German-born Paul Reuter.
Recent from Reuters:
Hungary's record-breaking 'Teddy Bear Mama'
Reuters published this video item, entitled "Scientists study just how far can spit fly at a soccer game" – below is their description.
Scientists are using the Netherlands' largest football stadium to model how a cheering football crowd might spread aerosols through the air by spraying fine droplets, made to resemble saliva, over the empty stands.
Reuters YouTube Channel
In This Story: Netherlands
The Netherlands, informally Holland, is a country primarily located in Western Europe and partly in the Caribbean, forming the largest constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. In Europe, it consists of 12 provinces that border Germany to the east, Belgium to the south, and the North Sea to the northwest, with maritime borders in the North Sea with those countries and the United Kingdom. In the Caribbean, it consists of three special municipalities: the islands of Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba. The country's official language is Dutch, with West Frisian as a secondary official language in the province of Friesland, and English and Papiamentu as secondary official languages in the Caribbean Netherlands. Dutch Low Saxon and Limburgish are recognised regional languages (spoken in the east and southeast respectively), while Sinte Romani and Yiddish are recognised non-territorial languages.
2 Recent Items: Netherlands
Categories News Tags Netherlands, The Netherlands Leave a comment Post navigation
"I'M READY FOR WAR!" | Anthony Joshua's first interview since entering the bubble before Pulev fight
Anti-Vaccination Doctor Jane Orient Testifies to Senate on Covid Treatment


People of all ages are supporting the Moose FM Caring Communities Radiothon, which airs live all day Friday.
Seventeen-year-old Breanne Workman of Cochrane is a big fan of the cause. She has a seizure disorder that causes her to fall, frequently dislocating her shoulder. That makes it painful to move.
Breanne has done co-op placements at the Cochrane hospital, in all departments.
Breanne will some day be on the other side of the X-ray machine, using one. She's planning to get an education as a medical radiation technologist.
The Caring Communities Radiothon airs from 6:00am to 6:00pm Thursday.


text:
Time-barring and prescription of insurance claims - what you need to know
Market Insight 15 April 2021 15 April 2021
It is important that insureds and insurers understand how prescription and time-bar clauses operate, both in short-term and long-term insurance matters. This article examines time-bar and prescription and provides practical guidance on how to successfully raise (or avoid) time-bar and prescription defences.
The importance of getting it right
Prescription is a well-known, but not always an easily understood, concept. It is one of the first considerations that runs through a lawyer's mind when faced with legal process and it can have disastrous or very fortunate consequences for a litigant, depending on which side of the legal process one is on.
Put simply, prescription allows a debtor's liability to a creditor to be extinguished after the lapse of a certain amount of time. The Prescription Act 68 of 1969 ("the Act") regulates prescription.
Prescription aside, time-bar clauses are a common feature of insurance contracts. They invariably provide a contractually agreed time within which an insured must institute action against an insurer. The amount of time varies between insurance contracts.
It is important that insureds and insurers alike understand how prescription and time-bar clauses operate, both in short-term and long-term insurance matters. This will avoid insureds' claims from being met with defences of time-bar and prescription, and allow insurers to successfully raise time-bar and prescription defences where appropriate.
The general rule on prescription
In line with section 11 of the Act, insurance debts prescribe after three years. Section 12(1) of the Act confirms that this period will start to run as soon as the debt is due. This raises the question: when is a debt due for purposes of an insurance contract? Is it when the insured event occurs (eg the date of a car accident) or when the insurer rejects the claim, or neither?
Impact of the Policyholder Protection Rules on prescription and time-bar clauses
The long-term and short-term Policyholder Protection Rules (PPRs), which were promulgated under the Long-term Insurance Act 52 of 1998 and the Short-term Insurance Act 53 of 1998, respectively, impact issues of prescription and time-bar clauses.
The short-term PPRs only find application to insurance contracts where the insured is a natural person, or a legal entity with an asset value or annual turnover not exceeding the prescribed threshold which is currently R2 million. The long-term PPRs apply to all long-term policies.
Rule 17 of both the short-term PPRs and the long-term PPRs provides for claims management in an insurance context. More specifically:
Rule 17.6.3(b) states that if an insurer gives notice to the insured repudiating or disputing a claim or its quantum, the notice must inform the insured that it may, within a period of not less than 90 days of receiving the notice, make representations to the insurer in respect of the decision;
Rule 17.6.8 states that any time-bar clause for the institution of legal action may not include the period in Rule 17.6.3(b) in the calculation of the time-bar period, and must allow a period of not less than six months after the expiry of the period in Rule 17.6.3(b) for the institution of legal action; and
Rule 17.6.10 states that, for the purpose of section 12(1) of the Act, a debt is due only after the expiry of the period in Rule 17.6.3(b).
It is evident from the wording of Rule 17 that it applies only to claims which are either repudiated or disputed by the insurer.
Practical effect
Long-term insurance
If a long-term insurance contract does not include a time-bar clause, prescription of a repudiated/disputed claim will only start to run after the expiry of the period in Rule 17.6.3(b) during which the insured can make representations, which must not be less than 90 days. This was confirmed in Muller v Sanlam (1162/2015) [2016] ZASCA 149, even though that case dealt with earlier versions of the long-term PPRs.
If a long-term insurance contract includes a time-bar clause, the period referred to in it (say, 12 months) will only start running after the expiry of the period in Rule 17.6.3(b). Notwithstanding the time-bar clause, the minimum period to be afforded to an insured to institute legal action from the expiry of the period in Rule 17.6.3(b) is six months.
Short-term insurance
If the short-term insurance contract does not include a time-bar clause and:
The short-term PPRs apply, prescription of a repudiated/disputed claim will start to run after the expiry of the period in Rule 17.6.3(b), which must not be less than 90 days; and
The short-term PPRs do not apply, prescription will start from the date the debt is due, which must be determined according to standard prescription principles.
If the short-term insurance contract includes a time-bar clause and:
The short-term PPRs apply, the period of the time-bar clause will only start running after the expiry of the period in Rule 17.6.3(b). The minimum period to be afforded to an insured to institute legal action from the expiry of the period in Rule 17.6.3(b) is six months; and
The short-term PPRs do not apply, the time-bar period must be strictly observed.
Final remarks
It is clear that prescription and time-bar clauses, although familiar concepts, sometimes require more consideration than one would think. Although the Act and the insurance contract are the starting points in an insurance context, it must be remembered that the PPRs may also be of import, if they are applicable.
Ina Iyer
Lee Menachemi
South Africa POPIA: Final Guidance Note for Information Officers and Deputy Information Officers now published
South Africa POPIA: Information Regulator publishes guidance on the application for Prior Authorisation
South Africa POPIA: Latest developments with regards to the Codes of Conduct and the POPIA Regulations


text:
Q: What happens to vertex shader `varying` variable with `highp` qualifier if high precision is unsupported in fragment shader? In OpenGL ES 2.0 (Shading Language 1.00), does qualifying a varying vertex shader variable with the highp qualifier have any effect, such as on performance, if GL_FRAGMENT_PRECISION_HIGH is undefined?
For example, when highp is unavailable in the fragment language, would linking the following fragment shader with each of the following two vertex shaders, one at a time, result in equivalent programs?

Fragment:
#ifdef GL_FRAGMENT_PRECISION_HIGH
varying highp vec2 vTextureCoord;
#else
varying mediump vec2 vTextureCoord;
#endif
...

Vertex 1:
...
attribute vec2 aTextureCoord;

varying highp vec2 vTextureCoord;

void main() {
    ...
    vTextureCoord = aTextureCoord;
}

Vertex 2:
...
attribute vec2 aTextureCoord;

#ifdef GL_FRAGMENT_PRECISION_HIGH
varying highp vec2 vTextureCoord;
#else
varying mediump vec2 vTextureCoord;
#endif

void main() {
    ...
    vTextureCoord = aTextureCoord;
}

The section in the GLSL ES 1.00 spec referring to GL_FRAGMENT_PRECISION_HIGH is 4.5.4.

A: My experience is version one will fail to compile on machines that don't support highp in fragment shaders. Those are basically older phones. I'm not sure which generation of phones you'd have to use but I know most recent smartphones support highp in fragment shaders.
On desktops, in my experience, they always use highp even if you put mediump. Note that this is fine as far as the spec is concerned. The spec allows implementation to use higher precision then asked for.
On Mobile, at least as of 2018, most GPUs do actually support mediump and there will be a difference in performance. There will also be as specified only a mediump level of precision.
Here's a small example:

// WebGL 3D Lathe Compute Normals
// from https://webgl2fundamentals.org/webgl/webgl-3d-lathe-step-03.html

"use strict";

const vs = `
attribute vec4 a_position;
attribute vec2 a_texcoord;

varying vec2 v_texcoord;

void main() {
  gl_Position = a_position;

  v_texcoord = a_texcoord;
}
`;

const fs = `
precision mediump float;

// Passed in from the vertex shader.
varying vec2 v_texcoord;

uniform float u_scale;

void main() {
  gl_FragColor = vec4(v_texcoord * u_scale, 1, 1);
}
`;

function main() {
  const m4 = twgl.m4;
  twgl.setDefaults({attribPrefix: "a_"});

  // Get A WebGL context
  /** @type {HTMLCanvasElement} */
  const canvas = document.querySelector("canvas");
  const gl = canvas.getContext("webgl");
  if (!gl) {
    return;
  }

  // setup GLSL programs
  const programInfo = twgl.createProgramInfo(gl, [vs, fs]);

  const size = 1/10000;

  const bufferInfo = twgl.createBufferInfoFromArrays(gl, {
  position: {
    data: [
    -1, -1,
     1, -1,
    -1,  1,
     1,  1,
    ],
    numComponents: 2,
  },
  texcoord: [
    0, 0,
    size, 0,
    0, size,
    size, size,
  ],
  indices: [
    0, 1, 2,
    2, 1, 3,
  ],
 });

  function update() {
    render();
  }
  update();

  function render() {
    twgl.resizeCanvasToDisplaySize(gl.canvas, window.devicePixelRatio);

    // Tell WebGL how to convert from clip space to pixels
    gl.viewport(0, 0, gl.canvas.width, gl.canvas.height);

    gl.enable(gl.DEPTH_TEST);

    // Clear the canvas AND the depth buffer.
    gl.clear(gl.COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | gl.DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);

    // Compute the projection matrix
    gl.useProgram(programInfo.program);

    // Setup all the needed attributes.
    twgl.setBuffersAndAttributes(gl, programInfo, bufferInfo);

    // Set the uniforms
    // calls gl.uniformXXX, gl.activeTexture, gl.bindTexture
    twgl.setUniforms(programInfo, {
      u_scale: 1 / size,
    });

    // calls gl.drawArrays or gl.drawElements.
    twgl.drawBufferInfo(gl, bufferInfo);
  }

}

main();
body {
  margin: 0;
}
canvas {
  width: 100vw;
  height: 100vh;
  display: block;
}
<canvas></canvas>

<script src="https://webgl2fundamentals.org/webgl/resources/twgl-full.min.js"></script>

This just draws a quad and interpolates values across the quad. The values go from 0 to 0.0001 and are then multiplied by 10000 to get values from 0 to 1.
Desktop using mediump (which my desktop GPU will actually use highp)

iPhoneX using mediump (which will actually use mediump)


text:
Numerical simulation of open-circuit continuous mills using a non-linear population balance framework: Incorporation of non-first-order effects
Ecevit Bilgili, Brian Scarlett
Population balance modeling has been used as a tool for simulating, optimizing, and designing various particulate processes, including milling. A fundamental tenet of the traditional models for milling processes is the first-order breakage kinetics. Ample data obtained from batch milling studies show that this assumption is not necessarily valid for certain milling systems. In the present theoretical investigation, an attempt has been made to incorporate these experimentally observed non-first-order effects into continuous mill models within the context of a novel non-linear population balance framework. In view of two idealized flow regimes, i.e., perfect mixing and plug-flow, continuous mills operating in the open-circuit mode are numerically simulated. The simulations indicate that not only does the product size distribution depend on the degree of mixedness in a continuous mill, but also on the non-first-order effects arising from multi-particle interactions.
Chemical Engineering and Technology
https://doi.org/10.1002/ceat.200407110
10.1002/ceat.200407110
Dive into the research topics of 'Numerical simulation of open-circuit continuous mills using a non-linear population balance framework: Incorporation of non-first-order effects'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
Size Distribution Chemical Compounds 100%
Particle interactions Engineering & Materials Science 79%
Flow Chemical Compounds 73%
Simulation Chemical Compounds 71%
Networks (circuits) Engineering & Materials Science 62%
Computer simulation Engineering & Materials Science 62%
Bilgili, E., & Scarlett, B. (2005). Numerical simulation of open-circuit continuous mills using a non-linear population balance framework: Incorporation of non-first-order effects. Chemical Engineering and Technology, 28(2), 153-159. https://doi.org/10.1002/ceat.200407110
Bilgili, Ecevit ; Scarlett, Brian. / Numerical simulation of open-circuit continuous mills using a non-linear population balance framework : Incorporation of non-first-order effects. In: Chemical Engineering and Technology. 2005 ; Vol. 28, No. 2. pp. 153-159.
@article{6007a7d7f04346c2b6decea273adbd23,
title = "Numerical simulation of open-circuit continuous mills using a non-linear population balance framework: Incorporation of non-first-order effects",
abstract = "Population balance modeling has been used as a tool for simulating, optimizing, and designing various particulate processes, including milling. A fundamental tenet of the traditional models for milling processes is the first-order breakage kinetics. Ample data obtained from batch milling studies show that this assumption is not necessarily valid for certain milling systems. In the present theoretical investigation, an attempt has been made to incorporate these experimentally observed non-first-order effects into continuous mill models within the context of a novel non-linear population balance framework. In view of two idealized flow regimes, i.e., perfect mixing and plug-flow, continuous mills operating in the open-circuit mode are numerically simulated. The simulations indicate that not only does the product size distribution depend on the degree of mixedness in a continuous mill, but also on the non-first-order effects arising from multi-particle interactions.",
author = "Ecevit Bilgili and Brian Scarlett",
doi = "10.1002/ceat.200407110",
journal = "Chemical Engineering and Technology",
Bilgili, E & Scarlett, B 2005, 'Numerical simulation of open-circuit continuous mills using a non-linear population balance framework: Incorporation of non-first-order effects', Chemical Engineering and Technology, vol. 28, no. 2, pp. 153-159. https://doi.org/10.1002/ceat.200407110
Numerical simulation of open-circuit continuous mills using a non-linear population balance framework : Incorporation of non-first-order effects. / Bilgili, Ecevit; Scarlett, Brian.
In: Chemical Engineering and Technology, Vol. 28, No. 2, 02.2005, p. 153-159.
T1 - Numerical simulation of open-circuit continuous mills using a non-linear population balance framework
T2 - Incorporation of non-first-order effects
AU - Bilgili, Ecevit
AU - Scarlett, Brian
N2 - Population balance modeling has been used as a tool for simulating, optimizing, and designing various particulate processes, including milling. A fundamental tenet of the traditional models for milling processes is the first-order breakage kinetics. Ample data obtained from batch milling studies show that this assumption is not necessarily valid for certain milling systems. In the present theoretical investigation, an attempt has been made to incorporate these experimentally observed non-first-order effects into continuous mill models within the context of a novel non-linear population balance framework. In view of two idealized flow regimes, i.e., perfect mixing and plug-flow, continuous mills operating in the open-circuit mode are numerically simulated. The simulations indicate that not only does the product size distribution depend on the degree of mixedness in a continuous mill, but also on the non-first-order effects arising from multi-particle interactions.
AB - Population balance modeling has been used as a tool for simulating, optimizing, and designing various particulate processes, including milling. A fundamental tenet of the traditional models for milling processes is the first-order breakage kinetics. Ample data obtained from batch milling studies show that this assumption is not necessarily valid for certain milling systems. In the present theoretical investigation, an attempt has been made to incorporate these experimentally observed non-first-order effects into continuous mill models within the context of a novel non-linear population balance framework. In view of two idealized flow regimes, i.e., perfect mixing and plug-flow, continuous mills operating in the open-circuit mode are numerically simulated. The simulations indicate that not only does the product size distribution depend on the degree of mixedness in a continuous mill, but also on the non-first-order effects arising from multi-particle interactions.
U2 - 10.1002/ceat.200407110
DO - 10.1002/ceat.200407110
JO - Chemical Engineering and Technology
JF - Chemical Engineering and Technology
Bilgili E, Scarlett B. Numerical simulation of open-circuit continuous mills using a non-linear population balance framework: Incorporation of non-first-order effects. Chemical Engineering and Technology. 2005 Feb;28(2):153-159. doi: 10.1002/ceat.200407110


Set the Gradient tool Opacity to 100%, untick Reverse and switch your foreground and background colours around. Repeat the steps for layer 'Dress Section 1', but stop before using the Gradient tool; instead, double-click in the Gradient Swatch box to open the full Gradient editor. Select the Foreground to Transparent preset, with Gradient Type set to Solid and Smoothness to 100%.
Have a go at creating new opacity stops using the editor, and experiment with moving the sliders along the colour bar. Set the left-hand opacity stop to an Opacity of 50%, and move one opacity stop to a position of 80% with Opacity at 20%. Click OK. Drag the Gradient tool across the selection as before.
Set foreground to #ffeecc, background to #ddbb88, pick the Linear gradient and re-open the Gradient editor. Select the Foreground To Background preset, and this time use the bottom arrow sliders, the colour stops, to create a new colour stop halfway across the colour bar. Make the centre colour stop the background colour, and the original stops at either end the foreground colour.
Select the Body section from the Template layer and add the gradient by dragging the tool horizontally across; the darker centre will provide a shadow for the paler arm. For the face and right arm, reset the tool to a basic foreground/background Radial gradient without opacity/colour stops, and fill sections with the lighter foreground colour nearer the top.
Fill the left arm and blush sections with solid colour – the arm with the current background shade, and the blush with a soft pink. Now select the 'Hair Template Section', create a new layer at the top of the group and open the Gradient editor. Create one new colour stop to the far left, #ee9966, and one to the right, #991111.
Now make a new colour stop of #cc4422 at a Location of 30%, and drag the Gradient tool down the selection from fringe to ends. Make the background, and all layers except the figure gradient fills, invisible. Use the Magic Wand tool to select around the figure (Sample All Layers option), and create a new layer behind all the figure layers.
Fill the selection with pale cream, and use the Gaussian Blur filter to soften. Hide the Highlight layer and select around the figure; invert the selection and clear the colour from inside the highlight. Make the highlight and Landscape layer group visible again. Duplicate the eyelash layers from the Template Outline group and place at the top of the image.
For stars, add a new layer above the Gradient layer. Open 'Star Brush.jpg' go to Edit>Define Brush Preset. Hit OK. Select the Star brush and in the Brushes palette set: Brush Size: 80px, Spacing: 500px, Size Jitter: 100%, Angle Jitter: 100%, Scattering: 1000%. Change foreground colour to cream; now drag the brush across your image to add stars.
Layering textures over your image adds richness and depth to your gradient fills. Using the Magic Wand tool with a Tolerance of 30 and Sample All Layers checked, select the three Golden Dress sections. Open the file 'Vintage wallpaper.jpg' from the CD, drag the selection into the wallpaper image, copy it and paste the selection back into our tutorial image. Repeat the step with the Hair section and 'Vintage copper texture.jpg' resource image. Change the Opacity of both texture layers to 20%.


text:
package com.kyleruss.jsockchat.commons.message;

public class RemoveFriendMsgBean implements MessageBean
{
    private String friendUsername;
    private String sourceUsername;

    public RemoveFriendMsgBean(String friendUsername, String sourceUsername)
    {
        this.friendUsername =   friendUsername;
        this.sourceUsername =   sourceUsername;
    }

    public String getFriendUsername()
    {
        return friendUsername;
    }

    public void setFriendUsername(String friendUsername)
    {
        this.friendUsername =   friendUsername;
    }

    public String getSourceUsername()
    {
        return sourceUsername;
    }

    public void setSourceUsername(String sourceUsername)
    {
        this.sourceUsername = sourceUsername;
    }

}


text:
Llew O'Brien calls for funding freeze to be lifted for USC Fraser Coast
Published On: 16 May, 2018
Federal Member for Wide Bay, Llew O'Brien has called on the Australian Government to lift the freeze on federally funded places at the Fraser Coast campus of the University of the Sunshine Coast (USC).
"While I understand the reason for the freeze is to ensure the sustainability of the university education system, it has also had unintended consequences which will result in the cutting of nursing places at the Fraser Coast campus," Mr O'Brien said.
The freeze to the Commonwealth Grant Scheme was announced in the Mid-year Economic and Fiscal Outlook in December 2017 and took effect from 1 January 2018.
"In the time since the freeze was announced I've been meeting with the Vice Chancellor of USC, Professor Greg Hill, and communicating USC's concerns about the impact of the freeze on the University to the Government.
"The freeze has had the real effect of cutting funding to USC which is going to result in a cut to the number of nursing degree places it will offer at Hervey Bay in the next semester, beginning in July.
"It's important that we train more nurses, not less, and it's also important that they are trained locally, to care for our aging population.
"The recent budget included a $5 billion boost to aged care, confirming an extra 20,000 home care places and an extra 13,500 residential care places. This alone will support a strong demand for more and more nurses."
Mr O'Brien said nursing is a great career path, giving people a degree they can bank on that will also help to tackle the Wide Bay region's high unemployment rate.
"According to the 2016 Census, the number of people with a bachelor degree in Wide Bay is 9% whereas the national average is 22. We need to ensure there are nursing degree places available for those who want to study, and that Government policy settings do not restrict the number of places for a degree in an area which is of increasing importance to Wide Bay.
"We need to grow the number of nursing places to train a local workforce to increase employment opportunities and cater for the needs that come with of our ageing demographic.
"We need policies that keep our students in the region, not force them to leave the area and study at other institutions, so in this regard I would also like the Government to support enabling programs at the Fraser Coast campus to help those who want to study a degree prepare for university."
Older Post	Coalition Government delivers a record $5 billion Budget boost in Aged Care Funding
Newer Post	Funding Applications open for Veterans' Health Week 2018


text:
About IoE
Blogs on IoE
This blog is hosted on Ideas on Europe
Europe Today
Two challenging choices for EU's future: President Van Rompuy and HR Ashton
Pietro De Matteis
Brussels, 19 November 2009
Author: Pietro De Matteis
Many words have been written about the appointment procedure of the two new positions set up by the Lisbon treaty and on the possible candidates. What we have experienced on 19th December is once again a process carried out behind closed doors despite the fact that some Member States had proposed different options. In short it could have been an exceptional occasion to hold a wider European debate to discuss openly with the European citizens what they would like Europe to do and to be: something which is urgent in order to keep and increase the EU legitimacy. Unfortunately far from being so, the appointment of the two new positions has looked more like a "conclave", some have argued, than anything else.
Such a non-transparent process is keen to produce results which are unpredictable to the majority of the public, often unaware of all the cards on the table. Today's appointment to some extent have followed this path and the outcome has surprised the most. While the discussions on the potential candidates for the posts of permanent President of the European Council and double hatted High Representative (HR) of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy, have been going on for several months within the European circles, only a few (if any) would have imagined today's final outcome.
Herman van Rompuy which has been Belgian Prime Minister since the end of December 2008, is considered a "consensus builder" and in this sense he might be seen as a key figure in order to find agreement in an EU of 27 Member States. As a proof of his skills he can claim to have played a key role in the reconciliation of the two main Belgian communities, the Flemish and Francophone, whose animosities have drastically increased in the past years. These have been visible to Europe and to the world when the difficulties experienced in setting up a new government in 2007-08 have resulted in over 6 months of uncertainty.
Catherine Ashton on the other hand, is currently Trade Commissioner following the replacement of Peter Mandelson who left the Commission to take office in the British Government in October 2008. Due to the fact that in her political career she has not held any position directly related with foreign affairs and in particular she has never been a foreign minister, analysts argue that she will need to prove her abilities. Her new tasks are various, not yet clear-cut but surely challenging both on the political and on the administrative side. Undoubtedly she will need to help to develop a more coherent policy with Russia over energy security, give a boost to the conclusion of the long awaited Partnership Cooperation Agreement with China, involve the US on the post Kyoto negotiations and last but not to try to unblock the Middle East peace process following the recent Palestinian Authority's request for State recognition. In one word she will need to try to give the EU that "clout" on foreign affairs that the EU wanted to achieve with its Lisbon treaty reform, including pushing for having a Europe that speaks with a single voice.
On the other hand she will need to work towards the setting up the new External Action Service (EAS) and table her proposals for the implementation of such a new structure: Britain is for sure one of the EU Member States with the strongest diplomatic tradition and in so this could be the advantage of having a British HR. In this regard her administrative experience might be of considerable help, nonetheless getting acquainted with the importance and complexity of all the political dossiers might still result very challenging.
Following this brief analysis doubts might arise as to whether these were the two most appropriate candidates among the various personalities competing for the posts, however this kind of discussion is probably of little interest now that the die is cast. On the other hand it could be useful to try to understand in which perspective they have been appointed and which could be the follow up on the global, regional and local level.
As we know it today the EU is mainly a global commercial power, with limited power projection capacity on political and military issues. The choice of a HR who has not direct foreign policy experience at ministerial level, but who has filled the role of Trade Commissioner, might have two explanations: the wish to capitalise on EU commercial power to operate in foreign policy and/or the desire not to have a HR too present on political issues which might excessively hinder Member States' individual foreign policy interests. As mentioned above a first HR of British nationality might help to capitalise on the country's experience, especially in a delicate moment such as the creation of the new EU "diplomatic service". However the fact that Britain has a strong diplomatic tradition could also undermine the process by determining a conflict of interest between its own service and the nascent one. Such conflict could be accentuated by the fact that Britain is notoriously less enthusiastic towards the EU integration process and its goals than other Memeber States. Finally it is also clear that the choice of personality with a lower profile as both President and HR, in the minds of the biggest Member States might be an attempt to avoid being overshadowed by their authority in the international arena.
On the regional perspective following the "Lisbon struggle" it is likely that there will not be further institutional reform in the very near future. In this view a president like von Rompuy can help the smooth functioning of the EU on its ordinary administration. Member states authority will not be challenged in a sensible way and the same should be said for the European Commission's role, while consensus will probably remain the keyword in the Council's functioning.
However the stated position of the newly elected President of the Council (in 2004) against Turkey's bid to join the EU due to the fact that it does not share the principles of Christianity on which Europe is arguably founded, is set to destabilise the EU-Turkey relations as well as to put in question the idea that the EU could be a bridge for a dialogue between the "west" and countries whose population profess non-Christian religions.
Looking now at the local level, it is not unlikely that the appointment of current Belgian Prime minister as President of the Council throws the country back to instability and under the shadow of secession between the two communities: finding a substitute with comparable political skills in Belgium might be very challenging. Should this happen, this would hit hard the heart of the European project, not only because of the fact that the majority of institutions are located in Brussels but also because Belgium is a founding member of the EU and because it is generally considered as a good example of how different communities can live peacefully together under shared governance: this is one of the key discourses on which the EU soft power relys upon.
As for Britain the fact of having obtained such a high post within the new EU administrative set up, might be seen as an attempt to keep the UK indissolubly linked to the future of the EU. This is particularly important due to the fact that next year the general elections in the UK are likely to bring about a new majority in the parliament who is generally considered as euro-sceptic. However such appointment also has the effect to reduce the room for manoeuvre in case of the eventual, even if unlikely, proposal by the conservative party to withdraw from the Union, condition which is now foreseen by the Lisbon treaty. However such rigidity, which might have been conceived as an attempt to pre-empt certain moves, might be insufficient or excessive according to the cases: should the conservative party together with the even more nationalistic and right wing parties decide to withdraw anyway from the EU, the outcome would be a decapitation of the EU foreign policy head with extreme international embarrassment and a substantial loss of credibility of the EU as a whole. In a less dramatic case, the fact that the High Representative is a British national might invite to postpone once again the question which many Britons are willing to see answered via a nationwide debate and eventually a referendum, namely the extend to which their country should "integrate" with the other EU Member States. Until this issue is openly dealt with, the relation between the EU and the UK will always be perceived as mutilated in their legitimacy and used by the most extremist parties as a populist argument.
All in all the appointment of the new High Representative and of permanent President of the European Council is more complex that it might seem at first sight as it is the product of many compromises among Member States at global, regional and local level. As often EU's legitimacy stands on its ability to get consensus over a minimum common denominator, at this point of history (having a new treaty to implement and new structures to set up i.e. EAS), we should not underestimate the advantages of having some pragmatic and consensus building leaders. It could be also argued that higher legitimacy and more influential personalities will not get the stage until the European peoples have a higher say in the process.
This article was also published on The New Federalist: http://www.thenewfederalist.eu/Two-challenging-choices-for-EU-s-future-President-Van-Rompuy-and-HR
An economist by training, Pietro De Matteis obtained a PhD in international studies from the University of Cambridge and carried out research in China and in the USA. He has lived in several European countries and currently works for the European Institutions. Pietro De Matteis is also the co-President of the European Federalist Party, the bottom-up and pan-European political party currently represented in 16 countries and engaged in building a Europe-wide democracy through political participation. He can be contacted by writing to: pietrodematteis@gmail.com (a full bio is available here: www.goo.gl/e8OmUH )
View all posts by Pietro De Matteis →
This entry was posted in Current Affairs, Democracy & Citizenship, Global & International, Politics & Public Policy, Security & Defence, The EU and tagged Europe, Lisbon Treaty, Pietro De Matteis, President. Bookmark the permalink.
Previous: The President of the European Council: a brief analysis of the Risks and Opportunities
Next: The European Citizens' Initiative: 1 million signatures to have our voice heard.
4 Responses to Two challenging choices for EU's future: President Van Rompuy and HR Ashton
http://euobserver.com/
http://www.euractiv.com/en/HomePage
http://www.euronews.net
http://www.europarltv.europa.eu/
http://www.youtube.com/user/eutube
EU faces prospect of 'coup d'état' by European Council
The race for the 2014 EP Elections begins: the Convention of the EUROPEAN FEDERALIST PARTY
EU and China's institutional diplomacy in the field of climate change.
The Eurozone Council: are we a step closer to a European Government?
The "Post-Copenhagen Era" and Cancun: an opportunity for the EU and China.
Pietro De Matteis on Can the EU stand a new wave of Enlargement?
Katerina Serafeim on Can the EU stand a new wave of Enlargement?
Giorgi Tabagari on Can the EU stand a new wave of Enlargement?
UACES and Ideas on Europe do not take responsibility for opinions expressed in articles on blogs hosted on Ideas on Europe. All opinions are those of the contributing authors.
© UACES 2021