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My artistic practice is concerned with noticing and extracting elements from the everyday, before subtly changing and placing them back in their original contexts. My interests span threshold spaces and moments betwixt and between, explored through participatory performance, especially walking, and other more-or-less embodied experiences. Re-performance, or retracing of footsteps, are significant features of my artworks, exploring places and moments in time.
Andrew Brown's profile at Nottingham Trent University.


text:
Michele Lee Malo With MIchele Lee Malo Consulting
Michele Lee Malo With MIchele Lee Malo ConsultingJacob Lapera
Michele Malo delivers an appetite for sanity to entrepreneurs and corporate go-getters needing to make a change in their lives and businesses.
As a coach, she creates strategies in personal branding, marketing, career and business acumen for her clients. As a speaker she motivates audiences all over the world, and as an author she empowers others to confidently live a life without regrets.
Michele fuels an appetite for success through her Success Menu Programs, that opens up their mindset with the idea, "If the rug gets pulled out from under you buy a new rug."
Connect with Michele on Facebook, LinkedIn and Twitter.
Opportunity comes in all forms
When the rug gets pulled out from under you buy a new rug
Personal branding and the importance of a consistent message
Who do others think you are?
How to lose 185 lbs in one day
Lee Kantor: [00:00:33] Lee Kantor here, another episode of Coach the Coach Radio, and this is going to be a fun one today on the show. We have Michelle Lee Melo with Michelle Lee Melo Consulting. Welcome.
Michele Lee Malo: [00:00:43] Hi, thanks for having me.
Lee Kantor: [00:00:44] Well, I'm excited to learn what you're up to. Tell us about your practice. How are you serving, folks?
Michele Lee Malo: [00:00:49] The best way that I know how and that's trying to uplift folks as careers through personal branding. But if folks don't want to go back to work, what we definitely help them do is start their own business.
Lee Kantor: [00:01:02] So now what's the vibe out there? Are people really resigning at the rate you're are you finding that to be the case as well as with everything you're hearing about in the media?
Michele Lee Malo: [00:01:12] Yeah, there's there's a lot of things that have happened. First and foremost, a lot of people's rugs got pulled out from under them. So where so there was no choice. So a lot of them are saying, You know what? This is the perfect time for me to follow my dream. It started and start that career I was looking at doing or that business or completely change what they were doing. So if they were marketing folks, I'm seeing people going into training or into accounting just completely 180 ing everything that they were doing. But but yeah, there's a lot of there's a lot of movement in the industries right now.
Lee Kantor: [00:01:46] Now what's your back story? How did you get involved in this line of work?
Michele Lee Malo: [00:01:50] Well, I was in corporate fortune five hundred for a little bit over 20 years and you know, the crafts and catalogs of the world doing brand management and just leading the hospitality divisions for the for the marketing. And I did that so long and I was on so many airplanes and I loved it. But as fate would have it, I was probably the sickest 28 year old you'll ever meet. I was over three hundred and ten pounds pre-diabetic, high blood pressure. All of that, and I decided to turn my life around and lost one hundred and seventy pounds. And what I was finding, though, is that that was slowly starting to creep back up with the lifestyle that I was leading. And I thought I could have a bigger impact actually going out on my own and helping other people get their lives back on track because everything is intertwined. Because if your health or your finances, your career or any of your relationships, if any of that's off kilter, more than likely it's affecting all of that. So that's why I decided you'll let me see if I could really do something on my own and and really make a difference in other people's lives.
Lee Kantor: [00:03:00] And then you're still kind of using the maybe umbrella of branding and you're still singing about from a branding standpoint, just showing an individual how they can leverage maybe this tool that enterprise level people talk about and think about all the time, but they can use it themselves individually?
Michele Lee Malo: [00:03:18] Yes, absolutely. I mean, basically what it is, it's more of a process in order for folks to really start to think of themselves as the product versus what they're doing because people buy things from those they know, like and trust. So if we can establish yourself on social media and when you go on radio shows or podcasts or any of those sort of things to be very consistent in their messaging and how they show up in the world, and I show them how to do that. And if that means starting a business, it's also doing the whole strategy and marketing behind that and getting that infrastructure going so that what shows up and who that business is serving really likes, knows and trusts the person behind the curtain.
Lee Kantor: [00:04:03] And that's one of those things where a lot of branding is that kind of being congruent and authentic in that what you're saying, it all matches up right where people aren't saying one thing, doing another, or they're saying they're, you know, super elegant and high class, and then they don't visually show that.
Michele Lee Malo: [00:04:23] That's exactly right. Whenever I'm working with my folks who are looking to do a career change or to make a change within that area, I always said we want to make sure that the resume you're LinkedIn and how you show up in an interview, there's no gaps. It all makes sense because you've always I don't know about you, but I have met folks and you read about them or you follow them on LinkedIn or other platforms, and then they show up and you're like, Wow, that just something doesn't match and it and it feels off. You'll never get the job and you'll never get the sale. So we have to make sure you're absolutely consistent across every way you show up. Like I said in the world.
Lee Kantor: [00:05:05] Now you mentioned earlier that you lost a lot of weight. Was that exercise of that to the actions you had to take to make that kind of a drastic change? Are those some of those lessons transferable to business as well?
Michele Lee Malo: [00:05:20] It absolutely is, because I tell everyone jokingly that I probably lost and found a thousand pounds in my life so far because whatever triggers you and that mindset, because mindset is everything and whatever you do. And once things start going wrong or there's certain triggers in your life, it's you start to fall back into bad habits. So while I was very successful on the health piece of that was and why people gravitated towards me is because I understood there was an empathy there to really start to look at, OK, we can look at the diet, we can look at exercise, but what else is going on there that's throwing everything else off? Because maybe that's another area that we need to really talk about before we make any significant changes so we don't go back to the bad habits.
Lee Kantor: [00:06:10] And it's one of those things where when you're going on a journey like you were going on, it's you've got to kind of work at every day and then a bad day can turn into a bad week and a bad week can be a bad month. And that's the same in business. Sometimes you lose track of those daily activities you have to do every day, and then a bad day turns into a bad week, a bad month. And then all of a sudden you don't have a business anymore, you don't have any more clients. So to me, there's a lot of similarity when you when you're doing any type of kind of having an achievement that of that magnitude.
Michele Lee Malo: [00:06:42] Absolutely. And I think you have to also give yourself space with grace because things do happen. But to your point, you need to get back at it. So writing goals, personal goals for the day, for the week, you know, and have those go out and really start to look at them constantly and have gratitude when you start to make progress forward. Because I see a lot of things in the industry where you've got to hustle, you've got to push, you've got to do that. I 100 percent agree. But the hustle has to be strategic. It can't just be busy so that you're actually doing things that matter, that you see a pound off at the scale you. You launch the next phase of your business. Or you put that product even further into the go to market strategy or you're finishing up that resume and making calls to to get interviews. So making small, very strategic and focused action is what really needs to happen, to keep you to keep you always moving forward. And I think happy also because accomplishing things and at least for myself, checking things off the list and saying, Hey, I'm in a better place today than I was yesterday, is everything right?
Lee Kantor: [00:07:54] And like you said, it doesn't have to be super big wins every day. You know, moving the ball an inch is still moving the ball.
Michele Lee Malo: [00:08:01] That's it. And speaking as a as someone who tries to run half marathons and marathons, I say I'm running because that's very loose of what I do, but it's it's getting to the start line. And just as one foot in front of the other and then just seeing it all the way through to the finish, and it doesn't matter how long it takes you to get there and remember that.
Lee Kantor: [00:08:23] And and I think that this is the value of coaches and consultants in this process is that they become an accountability partner. They become a sherpa guide to kind of light the way and show you what you could do and maybe push you to aim a little higher.
Michele Lee Malo: [00:08:39] Yeah, absolutely. And the accountability also comes in helping with the time management piece of things. So setting goals in terms of OK, by this date, you know, we will have you know this done because it's a critical milestone just to keep the process moving forward and then if there's a problem. You could you can address it first to your point, earlier, it's OK, it becomes a week, it's the month because you don't know how to deal with some kind of blockage or or a problem in a certain area with the coach, you can kind of work through that. So you don't just kind of push that aside or procrastinate. And then, like you said, nothing's getting getting accomplished. So coaches are definitely a way to get things done. I always say I never do yell at folks like, Oh my goodness, you don't know me at all. Not at all. But I will be very assertive and question every day. What are your goals? What did we set out to do? And I don't want you to let yourself down.
Lee Kantor: [00:09:38] Now what is kind of an engagement look like for you? Is it one on one? Coaching is a group. Coaching is a mastermind group. Like, how do you work with your clients?
Michele Lee Malo: [00:09:46] Absolutely. Right now, especially with COVID, it's been one on one. I had to do pivoting. I had pivoting. I had to pivot on that because I was doing a lot of public speaking, speaking at with workshops and things like that. I am a certified mastermind instructor, but I didn't do that on Zoom and I will look to probably relaunch that coming up here. But right now, it's definitely one on one. I've got a couple of clients working with that are in the process of launching some pretty big ideas and still working with all my my career folks. So that's that's where we're at right now, but we'll see what the future holds with everything that's going on.
Lee Kantor: [00:10:27] Now what is kind of the pain that they're having, where you're the ideal fit when in terms of choosing a coach?
Michele Lee Malo: [00:10:35] Basically, the they the pain I'm trying to solve is that they know that they're not alone. And what makes me very unique is that I have a very wide network because of a lot of different experiences and different industries and platforms and things like that. So when they are stuck and they don't know how to do it. As an example, one of my clients currently, she has invented this brilliant idea and. She just came to me and said, I don't know how to do it, I'm the inventor, but I have no business background. And so I give them the reassurance and they trust me to take a look at their whole goal and what it is. They're bringing in their target market to give them peace of mind, that the gaps in their knowledge I'm able to fill for them so we can get their product to market and get them making some money pretty quick.
Lee Kantor: [00:11:31] So now. But could it be also like an executive that is, you know, maybe in a leadership role? Can you help that person as well that maybe they're thinking, Hey, maybe I want to have I see the writing on the wall here? Maybe I need a second act?
Michele Lee Malo: [00:11:46] Yeah, actually, absolutely. Quite a few clients that come from the executive ranks because again, once you get to the VP roles, even senior directors and all of that because I was one of those folks and I did get a coach myself when I was trying to figure out how do I leave? Do I stay with what I'm doing because I was very successful at it? And that's actually something I really love doing because we get into my intake form and kind of my process is to understand the life that they want to live, not the career not defined by their family or anything else like that, but really digging down to see what does life look like. Because once we understand what they're trying to achieve on a personal level, then we're able to peel back the onion layers and start making a strategy and branding and a plan for them to get to the next level based on their goals for their life.
Lee Kantor: [00:12:42] Now what's been the most rewarding client you've worked with? What what story have you helped? Do you mind sharing a story where you've helped someone get to a new level?
Michele Lee Malo: [00:12:53] Oh, absolutely. This is one of my absolute favorites. She came to me. She was a single momma from Chicago and had met me at a conference, honestly two years ago. So I tell everybody, you never know who you've affected. It might be a phone call the next day or two years from that day, but when they need you and if you've made an impression, they will get in contact with you. And she was like, I said, a single mom and working for her kiddos. But in her heart, she's always been a musician. And she wanted to start doing as her kids, her kiddos were getting close to college and all of that to start moving towards that career. And but she was unmotivated, she didn't know how to do it. She was struggling with depression. And, you know, we just made a plan for her to start getting out there, how we can get her to do little things every day. So she's always practicing because she was a bass player and an a vocalist. And fast forward, she now is the voice of Wal-Mart. And she also scored on last season's The Voice. She was in the top 10. Wow. Now she's and now she's even doing television, she's got a couple of different roles that she's walking onto. So I went from she went from someone who's very, very strong but was very, very tired to. Realizing her absolute dream and goals, and honestly, I felt like a proud mama just to see her do that because when she called me and said she did thing, she was like, I did a thing like, What did you do? She goes, I tried out for the voice and she had done American Idol way back. But it was a bad experience and I said, I'm proud of you. She's like, Well, we'll see. It's time. And it's her time. Well, I'll probably be just a little piece of that.
Lee Kantor: [00:14:47] That's an amazing story. I mean, you see the on that show, especially the back story of a lot of those folks are just this is kind of their last swing at a dream. And then when it comes true, it's just amazing.
Michele Lee Malo: [00:15:00] Yeah, it's it's so and to see the pride in her and she's also like a fashion icon. And I just it was everything we had talked about. And now this is five years in the making. You know, so on and off and for her to follow things, but you got to stay with it. I think that's the moral of the story is never give up on that dream. You don't have to be twenty two to become a musician. You can have life happen. And it still can come true, and that's with anything you do, so that's why having people in your corner to be your cheerleader, also when you're down and say, OK, let's give OK, let's get back up what's going on and giving them small tasks to just keep them on the road towards what they're truly, truly wanting to do and having them win in life.
Lee Kantor: [00:15:48] Well, congratulations on all the success. If somebody wants to learn more or maybe get on your calendar or, you know, schedule a call. What is the best way to do that?
Michele Lee Malo: [00:15:59] Sure. You can look up the mindset menu if you want to sign up to have a call with me, or you can reach out to me on any of the social media platforms at Michelle Lee Malvo. Those are all my handles. I'm in one. Michelle, so make sure you get that. But that's the best way to get a hold of me. Like I said, reach out on social or go ahead and schedule a calendar event with me through the mindset menu.
Lee Kantor: [00:16:27] Well, thank you again for sharing your story. Today you're doing important work and we appreciate you.
Michele Lee Malo: [00:16:32] Oh, I appreciate the opportunity. Thank you so much for having me.
Filed Under: Coach The Coach Tagged with: Michele Lee Malo

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
The Dog Isn't Sleeping: How To Talk With Children About Death
March 4, 20197:00 AM ET
By: CORY TURNER
Death first visited me on a Thursday.
I had a brown 'n' serve roll in my hand and a Vesuvius of buttered mashed potatoes on my plate. It was Thanksgiving and my 7th birthday, 1983.
My grandmother sat across from me, my brother beside, my parents at the ends, but conspicuously absent under the table was our dog, Mingo, a black cocker spaniel. Days before, my mother had sprawled on the kitchen floor, holding him, pleading with him to swallow medicine meant to mitigate the effects of his kidney disease. He grew weaker, sicker. The day before my birthday, my parents took Mingo to the vet, where he stayed overnight.
"Where's Mingo?" I asked repeatedly at the Thanksgiving table.
My parents exchanged pained glances. I know now that life had put them in an impossible bind. Mingo had been dying for months and suffering for weeks. The vet urged euthanasia then and there. My parents reluctantly but humanely agreed. But how to tell me? So they didn't, hoping to wait until after my birthday.
"Where's Mingo?" I wouldn't let it go.
Finally, they admitted he'd "been put to sleep." I ran from the table in tears.
It turns out, I wasn't the only one struggling that day. Death had also come to the unlikeliest and safest of all spaces: Sesame Street.
In what would become one of the show's most famous episodes, broadcast on Thanksgiving Day, when show executives knew grown-ups would be home watching with their kids, Big Bird learned that Mister Hooper, who ran Sesame's corner store and lovingly made his birdseed milkshakes, had died.
"Mister Hooper's not coming back," one of the adult cast members, Susan, told Big Bird. All the adults were there, gathered in a semi-circle, exchanging the same pained glances my parents did across our table.
"Why not?" Big Bird asked.
"Big Bird, when people die they don't come back," Susan told him.
"No. Never."
"Well," Big Bird said, his voice fluttering with fear and confusion. "Why not?"
What followed is a master class in how to talk with young children about death. My co-host for Life Kit's audio guide Parenting: Difficult Conversations, Anya Kamenetz, and I revisited that episode with Rosemarie Truglio, a developmental psychologist and senior vice president of education and research at Sesame Workshop, and together we distilled it to a handful of useful takeaways for parents.
1. Be honest and concrete.
When it comes to describing the what of death to kids — what exactly happens to our bodies and what that means — Truglio says it's important to be straightforward. That's because children often struggle to grasp death's permanence. And parents only complicate matters when, instead of being concrete, they resort to euphemisms. In fairness, we do this to soften the blow for kids, but Truglio says euphemisms can confuse and even scare children
"Passed away, we're sorry for your loss, went on a long, long journey." Truglio says each of these phrases sends the wrong message to kids. The dead don't pass or get lost or pack a bag and start walking.
Especially problematic are the words parents often use, as mine did, when a pet is euthanized.
"We put the dog to sleep. That's a really big one," Truglio says, explaining that this is how kids hear those words: "If you're telling me now that the dog went to sleep and is not going to wake up and died, well, I go to sleep every night. Am I going to die?"
Instead, Truglio says, be perfectly clear:
"When you die, your heart stops, your body stops working. You don't eat. You don't breathe — to give more concrete information about what is the meaning of death," Truglio says.
2. Take it slowly.
Kids process death in bits and pieces, over time, Truglio says. Don't sit them down once, overwhelm them with information and expect them to internalize it all.
Read the full article HERE on NPR.org
May 14, 2019 Dawn KrullArticles and Other Readingchildren, death, grief and loss
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text:
\section{Introduction}
Observation of neutrino oscillation has clarified the nonzero neutrino mass.
The observation of neutrinoless double-beta decay, for whose existence nonzero neutrino mass plays a supportive role, is associated with important physics; e.g.,
\begin{itemize}
\item existence of Majorana particle,
\item breaking of leptonic number conservation,
\item quantitative determination of neutrino mass.
\end{itemize}
In this sense neutrinoless double-beta decay is intriguing enough to bring about an example exhibiting the physics beyond the standard model of elementary particle physics (for a review, see \cite{16engel}).
Although LSND~\cite{06dodelson} experiment has suggested the possible existence of heavy neutrinos (recognized as ``sterile neutrino'' in various literatures), theorists started to account for such a contribution to the neutrinoless double beta decay half life only recently.
In addition, regarding the motivation for sterile neutrinos, the GALLEX/SAGE experiments~\cite{97bahcall} and the reactor anomaly support such existences.
All three experiments suggest neutrino masses on the eV scale.
Another motivation is that sterile neutrinos could be dark matter candidates, in that case the masses are on the keV scale.

If heavy neutrinos exist, those neutrinos are mixed into the effective mass.
As an example of relation between the half life of neutrinoless double-beta decay, the effective light neutrino mass ($m_{\nu}$), and  the effective heavy neutrino mass ($\eta_{N}$) is given by \cite{12vergados,13horoi}
\begin{equation} \label{halflife} \begin{array}{ll}
[T_{0 \nu}^{1/2}] ^{-1} = G \left\{ |M^{0 \nu}|^2\left ({\displaystyle \frac{m_{\nu}}{m_e}} \right)^2 +  |M^{0 N}|^2\left (\eta_N \right)^2 \right\},
\end{array}  \end{equation}
where $G$ is the phase space factor (its value is obtained rather precisely), $m_e$ is the electron mass (its value is also precisely obtained), $\eta_{N}$ denotes the effective mass relative to electron mass, and $M^{0 \nu}$ and $M^{0 N}$ are the nuclear matrix elements (NME, for short) for light and heavy neutrinos respectively.
In this context light neutrinos mean already-observed ordinary neutrinos.
Under the existence of heavy neutrino, we need to have half life observations for two different double-beta decay events (for example, decay of calcium and xenon):
\begin{equation} \label{halflife21} \begin{array}{ll}
[T_{0 \nu,{\rm I}}^{1/2}] ^{-1} =  G_I \left\{ |M^{0 \nu}_{\rm I}|^2 \left ({\displaystyle \frac{m_{\nu}}{m_e}} \right)^2 +  |M_{\rm I}^{0 N}|^2\left (\eta_N \right)^2 \right\},
\end{array}  \end{equation}
and
\begin{equation} \label{halflife22} \begin{array}{ll}
[T_{0 \nu,{\rm II}}^{1/2}] ^{-1} =  G_{II} \left\{ |M^{0 \nu}_{\rm II}|^2 \left ({\displaystyle \frac{m_{\nu}}{m_e}} \right)^2 +  |M_{\rm II}^{0 N}|^2\left (\eta_N \right)^2 \right\},
\end{array}  \end{equation}
where indices ${\rm I}$ and ${\rm II}$ identify the kind of decaying nuclei.
Because there are two unknown quantities: $m_{\nu}$ and $\eta_N$, here we have two equations.
In order to determine the neutrino mass, it is necessary to calculate $M_{\rm I}^{0 \nu}$, $M_{\rm II}^{0 \nu}$, $M_{\rm I}^{0 N}$ and $M_{\rm II}^{0 N}$ very precisely.
At this point, many calculations by various theoretical models have been dedicated to NME calculations.
Since the detail information on initial and final states (i.e., quantum level structure of these states) is necessary for the calculation of NMEs, it is impossible to have reliable NME without knowing nuclear structures.
The impact of precise NME calculations is expected to be large enough (e.g., for a large-scale shell model calculation for light neutrinos, see Ref.~\cite{15iwata}), and the unknown leptonic mass-hierarchy and the Majorana nature of neutrinos are expected to be discovered.

In this article heavy neutrino potential for neutrinoless double beta decay (for the definition, see Eq.~(\ref{nupot})) is studied from a statistical point of view.
The results in this article are intended to be compared to light neutrino cases (that is, ordinary neutrino case) presented in Ref.~\cite{16iwata}.
The comparison clarifies the contribution of heavy neutrinos for neutrinoless double beta decay half-life.

\section{Condition for the existence of heavy neutrino}
Role of the nuclear matrix element is seen by solving Eqs.~(\ref{halflife21})-(\ref{halflife22}).
Under the validity of
\begin{equation}  \label{cond} \begin{array}{ll}
 |M_{\rm I}^{0 N}|^2 /  |M^{0 \nu}_{\rm I}|^2  \ne |M_{\rm II}^{0 N}|^2 /  |M^{0 \nu}_{\rm II}|^2,
\end{array}  \end{equation}
the effective neutrino mass for light and heavy neutrinos are represented by
\begin{equation} \label{cond1} \begin{array}{ll}
\left ({\displaystyle \frac{m_{\nu}}{m_e}} \right)^2 =
{\displaystyle \frac{ - |M^{0 N}_{\rm II}|^2 [G_{I} T_{0 \nu,{\rm I}}^{1/2}] ^{-1} + |M^{0 N}_{\rm I}|^2 [G_{II} T_{0 \nu,{\rm II}}^{1/2}] ^{-1} } {  |M^{0 \nu}_{\rm II}|^2  |M_{\rm I}^{0 N}|^2 - |M^{0 \nu}_{\rm I}|^2  |M_{\rm II}^{0 N}|^2 } },
\end{array}  \end{equation}
and
\begin{equation}  \label{cond2} \begin{array}{ll}
\left (\eta_N \right)^2 =
{\displaystyle \frac{ |M^{0 \nu}_{\rm II}|^2 [G_{I} T_{0 \nu,{\rm I}}^{1/2}] ^{-1} - |M^{0 \nu}_{\rm I}|^2 [G_{II} T_{0 \nu,{\rm II}}^{1/2}] ^{-1} } {  |M^{0 \nu}_{\rm II}|^2  |M_{\rm I}^{0 N}|^2 - |M^{0 \nu}_{\rm I}|^2  |M_{\rm II}^{0 N}|^2 } },
\end{array}  \end{equation}
respectively.
The condition (\ref{cond}) is valid if nuclear structure effect on double beta decay is not so simple; indeed it is not true only if NMEs for different decay candidates are exactly the same in their heavy-to-light ratios.
This condition was explored in Refs. \cite{11faessler,15lisi}.
According to Eq.~(\ref{cond1}),  the experimentally-confirmed nonzero neutrino effective mass suggests that
\begin{equation} \label{determ00} \begin{array}{ll}
 |M^{0 N}_{\rm I}   |^2 G_{I} T_{0 \nu,{\rm I}}^{1/2}   \ne {\displaystyle  |M^{0 N}_{\rm II}   |^2 G_{II} T_{0 \nu,{\rm II}}^{1/2} }
\end{array}  \end{equation}
where note that Eq.~(\ref{determ00}) is written only by heavy neutrino NMEs and half lives.
According to Eq.~ (\ref{cond2}),
\begin{equation} \label{determ01}
 |M^{0 \nu}_{\rm I}|^2   G_{I} T_{0 \nu,{\rm I}}^{1/2} = { |M^{0 \nu}_{\rm II}|^2   G_{II} T_{0 \nu,{\rm II}}^{1/2} }
\end{equation}
suggests that heavy neutrinos do not exist.
The satisfaction of Eq.~(\ref{determ01}) means either one of the following possibilities:  \vspace{0.6mm}

 (i) the present framework~(\ref{halflife}) is too simple to be valid, \vspace{1.2mm}

 (ii) heavy neutrinos do not exist.  \vspace{1.2mm} \\
Since Eq.~(\ref{determ01}) is written even without knowing anything about heavy neutrino, this condition is practically used as the sufficient condition for the existence of heavy neutrino under the validity of the framework~(\ref{halflife})  (i.e., heavy neutrino existence condition for Eq.~(\ref{halflife})).
It is worth noting that, as discussed around Eq.~(15) of Ref.~\cite{16engel}, additional terms can be added to Eq.~(\ref{halflife}).
Under the non-existence of heavy neutrino (by applying Eq.~(\ref{determ01}) to Eq.~(\ref{cond1})),
\begin{equation} \begin{array}{ll}
\left ({\displaystyle \frac{m_{\nu}}{m_e}} \right)^2 =  {\displaystyle \frac{ [G_{I} T_{0 \nu,{\rm I}}^{1/2}] ^{-1}}{ |M^{0 \nu}_{\rm I}|^2} }
{\displaystyle \frac{  |M^{0 \nu}_{\rm II}|^2  |M^{0 N}_{\rm I}|^2    -  |M^{0 \nu}_{\rm I}|^2  |M^{0 N}_{\rm II}|^2 }
 {  |M^{0 \nu}_{\rm II}|^2  |M_{\rm I}^{0 N}|^2 - |M^{0 \nu}_{\rm I}|^2  |M_{\rm II}^{0 N}|^2 } }
 =  {\displaystyle \frac{1}{G_I}} {\displaystyle \frac{ [T_{0 \nu,{\rm I}}^{1/2}] ^{-1}}{ |M^{0 \nu}_{\rm I}|^2} }
\end{array}  \end{equation}
trivially follows.
If the squared masses are positive,
\begin{equation} \begin{array}{ll}
\left( {\displaystyle |M^{0 N}_{\rm II}|^2 [G_{I} T_{0 \nu,{\rm I}}^{1/2}] ^{-1} - |M^{0 N}_{\rm I}|^2 [G_{II} T_{0 \nu,{\rm II}}^{1/2}] ^{-1} } \right)
\left( {\displaystyle |M^{0 \nu}_{\rm II}|^2 [G_{I} T_{0 \nu,{\rm I}}^{1/2}] ^{-1} - |M^{0 \nu}_{\rm I}|^2 [G_{II} T_{0 \nu,{\rm II}}^{1/2}] ^{-1} } \right) \le 0,
\end{array}  \end{equation}
must be satisfied (i.e., real mass condition).

\section{Neutrino potential}
\subsection{Nuclear matrix element}
Nuclear matrix element in double beta decay is investigated under the closure approximation.
It approximates all the different virtual intermediate energies by a single intermediate energy (i.e., with the averaged energy called closure parameter).
For neutrinoless double beta decay, nuclear matrix element for light and heavy neutrinos are written by
\begin{equation} \label{matrixel} \begin{array}{ll}
M^{0 \nu} = M_{\rm F}^{0 \nu} - \frac{g_V^2}{g_A^2} M_{\rm GT}^{0 \nu} + M_{\rm T}^{0 \nu}
\end{array} \end{equation}
and
\begin{equation} \label{matrixel} \begin{array}{ll}
M^{0 N} = M_{\rm F}^{0 N} - \frac{g_V^2}{g_A^2} M_{\rm GT}^{0 N} + M_{\rm T}^{0 N} \\
\end{array} \end{equation}
respectively, where $g_V$ and $g_A$ denote vector and axial coupling constants, and $\alpha$ of $M_{\alpha}^{0 \nu}$ is the index for the double beta decay of three kinds: $\alpha =$ F, GT, T (Fermi, Gamow-Teller, and tensor parts).
According to Ref.~\cite{iwata-cns},  each part is further represented by the sum of two-body transition density (TBTD) and anti-symmetrized two-body matrix elements.
\begin{equation} \label{me-general} \begin{array}{ll}
M_{\alpha}^{0 x}  = \langle 0_f^+ |O_{\alpha}^{0 x} | 0_i^+ \rangle \vspace{2.5mm} \\
= \sum {\rm TBTD}(n'_1 l'_1 j'_1 t'_1, n'_2 l'_2 j'_2 t'_2, n_1 l_1 j_1 t_1,  n_2 l_2 j_2 t_2; J)  \vspace{1.5mm} \\
\quad \langle n'_1 l'_1 j'_1 t'_1, n'_2 l'_2 j'_2 t'_2; J|O_{\alpha}^{0 x}(r) | n_1 l_1 j_1 t_1, n_2 l_2 j_2 t_2; J  \rangle_{\rm AS}
\end{array} \end{equation}
where $O^{0 x}_{\alpha}(r)$ are transition operators of neutrinoless double beta decay, and $0_i^+$ and $0_f^+$ denote initial and final states, respectively ($x$ is either $\nu$ or $N$).
The sum is taken over indices $( n_i l_i j_i t_i,n'_j l'_j j'_j t'_j)$ with $i,j=1,2$, where $n$, $l$, $j$ and $t$ mean principal, angular momentum and isospin quantum numbers, respectively, $j_1$ and $j_2$ (or $j_1'$ and $j_2'$) are coupled to $J$ (or $J$), similarly $l_1$ and $l_2$ (or $l_1'$ and $l_2'$) are coupled to $\lambda$ (or $\lambda'$), and $t_1 = t_2 = 1/2, ~ t_1' = t_2' = -1/2$ is valid if neutrons decay into protons.

\begin{figure*} [t]
\includegraphics[width=156mm]{fig1-a.pdf}  \\
(a) $n=n' =0$ and $l=l'=3$ \\
\includegraphics[width=156mm]{fig1-b.pdf}  \\
(b) $n=n' =1$ and $l=l'=0$ \\
\caption{ \label{fig1} (Color online)
Integrands of Eq.~({\protect \ref{nupot4}}) are depicted for $n=n' =0$ and $l=l'=3$ in panel a, and for $n=n' =1$ and $l=l'=0$ in panel b.
The plots are made for $r=\sqrt{2}\rho=0$ to 10~fm and $q=0$ to 1600~MeV.
The closure parameter $\langle E \rangle$ is fixed to 0.5~MeV, which is suggested by the calculation without using closure approximation~{\protect \cite{13senkov}}.
}
\end{figure*}

The two-body matrix element before the anti-symmetrization is represented by
\begin{equation} \begin{array}{ll}
\langle n'_1 l'_1 j'_1 t'_1, n'_2 l'_2 j'_2 t'_2; J|O_{\alpha}^{0 x}(r) | n_1 l_1 j_1 t_1, n_2 l_2 j_2 t_2; J  \rangle  \vspace{2.5mm} \\
 = 2 {\displaystyle \sum_{S, S', \lambda, \lambda'}} \sqrt{j_1' j_2' S' \lambda'} \sqrt{j_1 j_2 S \lambda}
~ \langle l_1' l_2' \lambda' S'; J| S_{\alpha} |  l_1 l_2 \lambda S; J \rangle
~ \langle n_1' l_1' n_2' l_2'; J| H_{\alpha}(r) |  n_1 l_1 n_2 l_2 \rangle  \vspace{1.5mm} \\
\quad \left\{
\begin{array} {ccc}
l_1' & 1/2 & j_1' \\
l_2' & 1/2 & j_2' \\
\lambda' & S' & J
\end{array}
\right\}
~ \left\{
\begin{array} {ccc}
l_1 & 1/2 & j_1 \\
l_2 & 1/2 & j_2 \\
\lambda & S & J
\end{array}
\right\}
\end{array}
\end{equation}
where $H_{\alpha}(r)$ is the neutrino potential,  $S_{\alpha}$ denotes spin operators, $S$ and $S'$ mean the two-body spins, and $\{ \cdot \}$ including nine numbers denotes the 9j-symbol.
By implementing the Talmi-Moshinsky transforms:
\begin{equation}
 \langle n l, NL|  n_1 l_1, n_2 l_2 \rangle_{\lambda}
 \langle n' l', N'L'|  n_1' l_1', n_2' l_2' \rangle_{\lambda'}
\end{equation}
 the harmonic oscillator basis is transformed to the center-of-mass system.
\begin{equation} \begin{array}{ll}
 \langle l_1' l_2' \lambda' S'; J| S_{\alpha} |  l_1 l_2 \lambda S; J \rangle
 \langle n_1' l_1' n_2' l_2'; J| H_{\alpha}(r) |  n_1 l_1 n_2 l_2 \rangle \vspace{3.5mm} \\
= {\displaystyle \sum_{\rm mos2}} \langle n l, NL|  n_1 l_1, n_2 l_2 \rangle_{\lambda}
 \langle n' l', N'L'|  n_1' l_1', n_2' l_2' \rangle_{\lambda'}
 \langle l' L \lambda' S'; J|  S_{\alpha} | l L \lambda S; J \rangle
 \langle n' l'|  H_{\alpha}(\sqrt{2} \rho) | n l \rangle,
\end{array}  \end{equation}
where $\rho = r /\sqrt{2}$ is the transformed coordinate of center-of-mass system, and ``mos2'' means that the sum is taken over $(n,n',l,l',N,N')$~\cite{iwata-cns}.
In this article, in order to have a comparison to the preceding results \cite{16iwata}, we focus on the neutrino potential effect arising from
\begin{equation} \label{nupot} \begin{array}{ll}
 \langle n' l'|  H_{\alpha}(\sqrt{2} \rho) | n l \rangle.
\end{array}  \end{equation}
This part is responsible for the amplitude of each transition from a state with $n$, $l$ to another state with $n'$, $l'$, while the cancellation is determined by spin-dependent part.
For calculations of heavy-neutrino exchange matrix elements, see Refs.~\cite{10blennow,14faessler,15barea,15hyvarinen,16horoi}.

\begin{figure*} [t]
\includegraphics[width=150mm]{fig2.pdf}
\caption{ \label{fig2} (Color online)
Frequency distribution of $\langle n' l'|  H_{\alpha}(\sqrt{2} \rho) | n l \rangle$ is shown limited to nonzero cases.
Cases with $n, n' = 0, 1, \cdots, 3$ and  $l, l' = 0, 1, \cdots, 6$ are taken into account, where note that $l\ne l'$ results in $\langle n' l'|  H_{\alpha}(\sqrt{2} \rho) | n l \rangle = 0$ in Fermi and Gamow-Teller cases~{\protect \cite{iwata-cns}}.
The total number of events with nonzero $\langle n' l'|  H_{\alpha}(\sqrt{2} \rho) | n l \rangle$ is shown in each panel.
}
\end{figure*}

\begin{table*}[t]
\caption{Large contributions are listed from 1st to 10th largest ones.
Two symmetric cases resulting in an equivalent value are shown in the same position. }
\begin{center}
  \begin{tabular*}{\columnwidth}{@{\extracolsep{\fill}}c | cc| c c| c c} \hline \hline
 &  \multicolumn{2}{c|}{Fermi} &  \multicolumn{2}{c|}{Gamow-Teller} &  \multicolumn{2}{c}{Tensor} \\
Ranking &  $(n~ l~ n'~ l')$  & Value &  $(n~ l~ n'~ l')$  & Value & $(n~ l~ n'~ l')$ & Value  \\ \hline
 1   & (0~0~0~0) &  $0.261$ &  (0~0~0~0)  &  $0.230$ &  (0~0~0~0) & 0.125  \\
 2  &  (1~0~1~0) & $0.232$ &  (1~0~1~0) &  $0.217$ &  (1~0~1~0) &  $0.099$  \\
 3   & (2~0~2~0) & $0.210$  &  (2~0~2~0)  & $0.207$ &  (0~0~1~0) & $0.088$  \\
      &   &  &   &   & (1~0~0~0)  &  \\
 4   & (0~0~1~0) & $0.193$  &  (3~0~3~0)  & $0.198$ &  (2~0~2~0) & $0.083$  \\
     &  (1~0~0~0)  &  &   &   &  &  \\
 5   & (3~0~3~0) & $0.192$  &  (1~0~2~0)  & $0.1809$ &  (1~0~2~0) & $0.080$  \\
     &  &  &   (2~0~1~0)  &   & (2~0~1~0)  &  \\
 6   & (1~0~2~0) & $0.190$  &  (2~0~3~0)  & $0.1806$ &  (0~0~0~1) & $0.072$  \\
      &  (2~0~1~0) &  &  (3~0~2~0)   &   &  (0~1~0~0)  &    \\
  7   & (2~0~3~0) & $0.179$  &  (0~0~1~0)  & $0.171$ &  (3~0~3~0) & $0.0714$  \\
      &  (3~0~2~0) &  & (1~0~0~0)  &   &  &    \\
  8   & (1~0~3~0) & $0.161$  &  (1~0~3~0)  & $0.160$ &  (0~0~1~1) & $0.0710$  \\
      &  (3~0~1~0) &  &  (3~0~1~0)    &   &   (1~1~0~0) &    \\
  9   & (0~0~2~0) & $0.157$  &  (0~0~2~0)  & $0.145$ &  (2~0~3~0) & $0.070$  \\
   &  (2~0~0~0) &  &  (2~0~0~0)   &   &   (3~0~2~0)  &   \\
 10   & (0~0~3~0) & $0.132$  &  (0~0~3~0)  & $0.130$ &  (0~0~2~0) & $0.065$  \\
   & (3~0~0~0)   &  &  (3~0~0~0)  &   &  (2~0~0~0)  &    \\
\hline  \hline
 \end{tabular*}
\end{center}
\label{table1}
\end{table*}

\subsection{Neutrino potential represented in the center-of-mass system}
Under the closure approximation neutrino potential~\cite{91tomoda,10horoi, 13senkov} is represented by
\begin{equation} \label{nupot3} \begin{array}{ll}
H_{\alpha}(\sqrt{2} \rho) = \frac{2R}{\pi} {\displaystyle \int_0^{\infty} } f_{\alpha} (\sqrt{2} \rho q) \frac{h_{\alpha}(q)}{  \sqrt{q^2 + m_{\nu}^2}  ( \sqrt{q^2 + m_{\nu}^2}  + \langle E \rangle ) } ~q^2 ~ dq.
\end{array} \end{equation}
where $q$ is the momentum of virtual neutrino, $m_{\nu}$ is the effective neutrino mass, $R$ denotes the radius of decaying nucleus, and $f_{\alpha}$ is a spherical Bessel function ($\alpha=0,2$),
In particular $\langle E \rangle$ is called the closure parameter, which means the averaged excitation energy of virtual intermediate state.
In Eq.~(\ref{nupot3}) neutrino potentials include the dipole form factors (not just the form factors) that take into account the nucleon size.
The massless neutrino limit ($m_{\nu} \to 0$) of neutrino potential is
\begin{equation} \label{nupot2} \begin{array}{ll}
H_{\alpha}(\sqrt{2} \rho) = \frac{2R}{\pi} {\displaystyle \int_0^{\infty} } f_{\alpha} (\sqrt{2} \rho q) \frac{h_{\alpha}(q)}{q+ \langle E \rangle} ~q ~ dq,
\end{array} \end{equation}
and the heavy mass limit ($m_{\nu} >>  \langle E \rangle$, ~$m_{\nu}^2 >> q^2$) of neutrino potential is
\begin{equation} \label{nupot4} \begin{array}{ll}
H_{\alpha}(\sqrt{2} \rho) = \frac{1}{m_{\nu}^2} \frac{2R}{\pi} {\displaystyle \int_0^{\infty}} f_{\alpha} (\sqrt{2} \rho q) h_{\alpha}(q) ~q^2 ~ dq,
\end{array} \end{equation}
For ordinary light neutrinos, the neutrino potential in the massless limit can be utilized.
Simkovic unit is exploited for heavy neutrino case, in which the value of $m_{\nu}^2 H_{\alpha}(\sqrt{2} \rho)$ is divided by proton and electon masses (i.e. the value of $(m_{\nu}^2/m_p m_e)H_{\alpha}(\sqrt{2} \rho)$ is shown in this article).
Following the corresponding study on massless limit cases \cite{16iwata}, this article is devoted to investigate heavy mass limit cases.

The representation of neutrino potentials are
\begin{equation} \label{eq-form} \begin{array}{ll}
h_{\rm F}(q^2) = \frac{g_V^2}{(1+q^2/\Lambda_V^2)^4}  \vspace{2.5mm} \\
h_{\rm GT}(q^2) =  \frac{2}{3} \frac{q^2}{4 m_p^2} (\mu_p - \mu_n) ^2 \frac{g_V^2}{(1+q^2/\Lambda_V^2)^4}
 +
 \left( 1-\frac{2}{3} \frac{q^2}{q^2+m_{\pi}^2} + \frac{1}{3} \left( \frac{q^2}{q^2+m_{\pi}^2} \right)^2 \right)
 \frac{g_A^2}{(1+q^2/\Lambda_A^2)^4}
 \vspace{2.5mm} \\
h_{\rm T}(q^2) =  \frac{1}{3} \frac{q^2}{4 m_p^2} (\mu_p - \mu_n) ^2 \frac{g_V^2}{(1+q^2/\Lambda_V^2)^4}
 +
\left( \frac{2}{3} \frac{q^2}{q^2+m_{\pi}^2} - \frac{1}{3} \left( \frac{q^2}{q^2+m_{\pi}^2} \right)^2 \right)
 \frac{g_A^2}{(1+q^2/\Lambda_A^2)^4}
 \vspace{2.5mm} \\
\end{array} \end{equation}
where $\mu_p$ and $\mu_n$ are magnetic moments satisfying $\mu_p - \mu_n = 4.7$, $m_p$ and $m_{\pi}$ are proton mass and pion mass, and $\Lambda_V=850$MeV, $\Lambda_A=1086$MeV are the finite size parameters.

\begin{figure*} [t]
\includegraphics[width=145mm]{fig3.pdf}
\caption{ \label{fig3} (Color online)
Correlation between Eq.~({\protect \ref{nupot4}}) values are examined by assuming $l=l'$.
[Left] Correlation between Eq.~({\protect \ref{nupot4}}) values for Fermi and Gamow-Teller parts, where the condition $l=l'$ does not bring about any limitations for Fermi and Gamow-Teller parts.
[Right] Correlation between Eq.~({\protect \ref{nupot4}}) values for Fermi and tensor parts, where values for the tensor part is always positive if $l=l'$ is assumed.
For both panels,  all the top 10 contributions listed in Table~{\protect \ref{table1}} are included in dotted-blue rectangles, and the average of all the nonzero contributions are shown in green dashed lines.
}
\end{figure*}

Figure~\ref{fig1} shows the integrand of Eq.~(\ref{nupot4}).
In any case ripples of the form: $q \rho$ = const. can be found if $q$ and $\rho$ are relatively large.
The upper-value of the integral range should be at least equal to or larger than $q=1600$~MeV.
In our research including our recent publication~\cite{15iwata}, we take $q=2000$~MeV and $r=10$~fm as the maximum value for numerical integration of Eq.~(\ref{nupot4}) (massless neutrino cases).
We noticed that, for the convergence, $q_{\max}$ of the integral should be rather larger for the heavy cases compared to the light cases.

\section{Statistics}
Since actual quantum states are represented by the superposition of basic states such as $| nl \rangle$ in the shell-model treatment, the contribution of neutrino potential part can be regarded as the superposition:
\begin{equation} \begin{array}{ll}
 {\displaystyle \sum_{n, n', l, l'}}  k_{n, n', l, l'} ~ \langle n' l'|  H_{\alpha}(\sqrt{2} \rho) | n l \rangle.
\end{array} \end{equation}
using a suitable set of coefficients $\{ k_{n, n', l, l'} \}$ determined by the nuclear structure of grandmother and daughter nuclei.
Accordingly, in order to see the difference between the light and heavy neutrino contributions, it is worth investigating the statistical property of neutrino potential part~(\ref{nupot}) at heavy mass limit.

Frequency distribution of neutrino potential part~(\ref{nupot}) is shown in Fig.~\ref{fig2}.
The values are always positive for Fermi and Gamow-Teller parts, while the tensor part includes non-negligible negative values.
Indeed, the sum of positive and negative contributions of tensor part suggests that total sum 9.458 is obtained by the cancellation between $+9.943$ and $-0.485$ (i.e., $9.458 = 9.943-0.485$).
The order of the magnitude is different only for the tensor part.
Indeed, the average of the nonzero components is 0.0526 for the Fermi part, 0.0485 for the Gamow-Teller part, and 0.0063 for the tensor part.
Contributions with $l= l' =0$ (sum) cover 49.6$\%$ of the total contributions (sum) for Fermi, 52.3$\%$ for Gamow-Teller parts, and 12.8$\%$ for tensor part.
Since the corresponding values in light ordinary neutrino cases are 27.1$\%$ for Fermi part,  27.1$\%$ for Gamow-Teller part, and 7.2$\%$ for tensor part \cite{16iwata}, $l= l' =0$ component is clarified to play a more dominant role (roughly equal to twice) in heavy neutrino case.

Large contributions for Fermi, Gamow-Teller and tensor parts are summarized in Table~\ref{table1}.
Contribution labeled by $(n~ l~ n'~ l')=(0~0~0~0)$ (i.e. transition between $0s$ orbits) provides the largest contribution in any part. Roughly speaking, we see that $s$-orbit is remarkably significant in heavy neutrino cases.
Indeed, all the top 10 contributions of Fermi and Gamow-Teller parts are completely filled with $s$-orbit contributions.
As seen in the top 10 list the order of the kind $(n~ l~ n'~ l')$ are similar for Fermi and Gamow-Teller parts, where note that the order of Fermi and Gamow-Teller parts is exactly the same for ordinary light neutrino case as far as the top 10 list is concerned \cite{16iwata}.
Ten largest contributions (sum) cover 49.6$\%$ of the total contributions (sum) for the Fermi part, 52.3$\%$ for the Gamow-Teller part, and 13.4$\%$ for the tensor part.
The minimum value for the tensor part is -0.0086 achieved by $(n~ l~ n'~ l')=(3~0~3~4)$ and $(3~4~3~0)$.

Correlation between the values of Eq.~(\ref{nupot4}) for different parts are examined in Fig.~\ref{fig3}.
Comparison between Fermi and Gamow-Teller parts shows that they provide almost the same values, although the Fermi part generally shows slightly larger value compared to the Gamow-Teller part.
Such a quantitative similarity between Fermi and Gamow-Teller parts is not trivial since we can find essentially different mathematical representations at least in their form factors (cf.~Eq.~(\ref{eq-form})).
The tensor part is positively correlated with the Fermi part (therefore Gamow-Teller part).
The $l=l'$ components of the tensor part contributions (sum) cover 28.9$\%$ of the total tensor part contributions (sum).

\section{Summary}
There are components of the two kinds in the nuclear matrix element; one is responsible for the amplitude and the other is for the cancellation.
As a component responsible for the amplitude, neutrino potential part (i.e., Eq.~(\ref{nupot})) is investigated in this article.
The presented results are valid not only to a specific double-beta decay candidates but also to all the possible candidates within $n, n' = 0, 1, \cdots, 3$ and  $l, l' = 0, 1, \cdots, 6$.
Note that, in terms of the magnitude, almost 40$\%$ smaller values are applied for the Gamow-Teller part in calculating the nuclear matrix element since $(g_V/g_A)^2 = (1/1.27)^2 \sim 0.62$ (cf. Eq.~(\ref{matrixel})).

Among several results on heavy neutrino cases, positive correlation of the values between Fermi, Gamow-Teller and tensor parts has been clarified.
This property is common to the light ordinary neutrino cases.
Apart from the tensor part values, almost a half of the total contributions has been shown to be occupied only by 10 largest contribution in which 10 largest contribution is exactly the same as $l =l'=0$ contributions.
As a result the enhanced dominance of $s$-wave contribution is noticed for heavy neutrino cases.

The other components of the NMEs also responsible for the cancellation will be studied in the next opportunity.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


This research conference is the major event that the International Scientific Commission "Social and Cooperative Economy" organises every two years. Since its first edition in 2007, this conference will be held for the very first time in an Eastern European country. We then hope to see many of you there and thus have the exceptional opportunity to establish links and collaborations with new colleagues interested in the social and solidarity-based economy.


text:
///This file was written by Erwin Coumans

#ifndef _BT_POLYHEDRAL_FEATURES_H
#define _BT_POLYHEDRAL_FEATURES_H

#include "LinearMath/btTransform.h"
#include "LinearMath/btAlignedObjectArray.h"

struct btFace
{
	btAlignedObjectArray<int>	m_indices;
	btAlignedObjectArray<int>	m_connectedFaces;
	float	m_plane[4];
};

class btConvexPolyhedron
{
	public:
	btConvexPolyhedron();
	virtual	~btConvexPolyhedron();

	btAlignedObjectArray<btVector3>	m_vertices;
	btAlignedObjectArray<btFace>	m_faces;
	btAlignedObjectArray<btVector3> m_uniqueEdges;
	btVector3		m_localCenter;

	void	initialize();

	void project(const btTransform& trans, const btVector3& dir, float& min, float& max) const;
};

#endif //_BT_POLYHEDRAL_FEATURES_H

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Category: Research & Policy
Intelligible summaries of current infectious disease research and health policies
HealthMap New England Journal of Medicine Publication
June 8, 2010 January 25, 2023 Amy L. Sonricker Hansen
The HealthMap team recently published Information Technology and Global Surveillance of Cases of 2009 H1N1 Influenza in the New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM). The online paper
HealthMap 3.0 – Site Redesign
May 18, 2010 January 25, 2023 Amy L. Sonricker Hansen
The HealthMap Website has been redesigned, and is now live at http://healthmap.org. The new site features many improvements focusing on removing clutter and allowing for greater
HealthMap Has a New iPhone App! – "Outbreaks Near Me"
September 3, 2009 January 25, 2023 Lakshmi Yajurvedi
HealthMap has developed an iPhone application, which can be obtained free of charge from the iTunes store! The app is named "Outbreaks Near Me," as


When you asked me what I wanted to be when I grow up, the answer was so simple… an artist of course. There was no question or confusion… this is what I am and always will be! Whether it is painting, photographing, sculpture or crafts, I love creating!! This page is going to be about some of my favorite drawings and paintings that I have done throughout my life. Enjoy!
This is starting with some older work, please scroll down to see the newer stuff!
I'm I treated in purchasing the Mexican skulls painting. Can you contact me with some details?!
Very cool artworks. I like how you use colours!! And the lion is so real!!


Season 5 of 'Bachelor in Paradise' premieres in August, but two former contestants from the franchise enjoyed their own version of paradise in Southwest Florida.
Season 5 of 'Bachelor in Paradise' premieres in August, but two former contestants in the 'Bachelor' franchise enjoyed their own version of paradise this week.
Sean and Catherine Lowe, who tied the knot in 2014 after appearing on the reality TV series in 2013 when Sean was 'The Bachelor,' visited Naples and Marco Island this week.
We wanted to dip our toes in the sand. If you're wondering where Isaiah is, he's jet skiing.
We had so much fun with @bachelorabc @seanloweksu and @catherinegiudici when they stopped in this weekend!
Tomorrow we're flying to Florida with both kids. Just sedate me now.
I introduced myself to a guy at our hotel this morning.
He said, "Yeah, I know. We met yesterday.
Now I have to change hotels.
Naples also has another connection to The Bachelor and Bachelorette show. Naples real estate agent Trent Jespersen vied for Becca Kufrin's heart in the 2018 season of The Bachelorette. Unfortunately, he was eliminated in the second episode's rose ceremony.
Last year, Naples resident Lauren Hussey was a contestant in the 2017 season of The Bachelor.


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THESE MATERIALS ARE PROVIDED "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, OR NON-INFRINGEMENT.
Giroux Realty Advisers, LLC does not warrant the accuracy or completeness of the information, text, graphics, links or other items contained within these materials. Giroux Realty Advisers, LLC shall not be liable for any special, indirect, incidental, or consequential damages, including without limitation, lost revenues or lost profits, which may result from the use of these materials.
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Bristol's biggest secondary school to be built near Arena Island and Temple Meads
Oasis Academy Temple Quarter reaches an important milestone
Michael YongEducation and news reporter
Project leaders behind the development of Bristol's biggest secondary school has bought a site near Temple Meads station, by Arena Island.
Named Oasis Academy Temple Quarter, the school has been in the works over the last few years and was approved by the Department for Education (DfE) in April 2017, but there have been problems finding a site.
The new academy will be home to some 1,600 students, including a Sixth Form, and will have places for young people aged 11 to 18.
Most of the places will go to children from the central and east areas of the city, it has been confirmed.
It had been due to open in September this year, but complications with finding a site - including the delays to Bristol's Arena - meant the project had to be pushed back.
An opening date has yet to be announced at this stage.
Bristol school given bottom Ofsted rating
What we know about the new school
Silverthorne Lane (Image: Bristol Post)
The new school is expected to be run by Oasis Community Learning, a national multi-academy trust which already has 48 schools around the country, of which eight are in Bristol.
It was selected as the preferred sponsor after plans for the school were announced in 2016.
The free school project will sit on a large site in Silverthorne Lane, located at the city's Temple Quarter Enterprise Zone, with the purchase now been confirmed.
Mayor reveals when Bristol Arena decision will be made
Opening a school so close to Temple Meads ensures most of the children will be able to travel to the school using public transport.
The school is expected to fill up from Year Seven and build towards capacity after six years.
This project comes after years of work by planners, which include Oasis, Bristol City Council and the Education and Skills Funding Agency.
A new secondary school in the north of Bristol, CST Trinity Academy, is also set to open and will be run by the Cathedral Schools Trust.
Why a new school?
Where the new school is expected to go (Image: Bristol Post)
Once completed, Oasis Temple Quarter will help alleviate the looming school places crisis in the city. Bristol already has the lowest percentage of pupils getting their school of choice.
One in four missed out on their top choice, while one in 10 did not even get any of their three choices.
The number of applications has soared in recent years, with all secondary schools - bar one - being oversubscribed.
Analysis of pupil projection figures from the DfE showed there will be pupils without places in four years time if new secondary schools are not built, with council bosses warning at least three new secondary schools are needed.
How EVERY secondary school in Bristol, South Gloucestershire and North Somerset did for GCSE 2017
Great news for Bristol
An artist's impressions showing how the Bristol Temple Quarter Enterprise Zone
Mayor Marvin Rees said securing the site for a new school was crucial for the city.
He added: "Bristol's population has grown massively over the last few years and we face a real challenge as the services people take for granted are put under even more pressure.
"Currently we are working hard alongside the Education and Skills Funding Agency (ESFA) to make sure that we have enough school places for local children in the city.
Bristol's best and most popular school will soon have 200 extra places
"I am delighted that we are able to announce plans today for what could be the largest secondary school Bristol has ever seen which will go a long way to bridging the gap between the number of children and school places that we have predicted in the future.
The new school will help alleviate the looming crisis (Image: Bristol Post)
"I am very proud of the key role that we have played in facilitating this serious investment in the education of the city which will also contribute to the new city district in the Temple Quarter and improve links between the centre and east of the city."
Oasis's Regional Director Matt Butler said they were proud to take on the "landmark school", and told Bristol Live: "Today's announcement is the next step on our journey, and we are really excited about the site that has been chosen - now the next stage of the project can begin in earnest."
Bristol City Council
Bristol City Centre


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Vijay Nambiar deceives UN & the IC
French newspaper Le Monde published an article accusing the United Nations (UN) of deliberately hiding facts about civilian killings during the last months of the civil war in Sri Lanka in order to protect their own activities in the country.
Following up on independent rapporteur for the UN Human Rights Council in Geneva, Philip Alston's, request to Colombo to provide details of the killing of LTTE leaders who surrendered the arms, Inner City Press questioned, "given not only the UN's role in the final days of what even it called the "bloodbath on the beach" in Sri Lanka, but especially UN chief of staff Vijay Nambiar's reported role in the deadly surrenders, why Rapporteur Alston has not already demanded answers from the UN itself."
According to investigative journalism by Le Monde, The UN did not publish the number of civilians killed until it was finally leaked. According to a UN confidential report, 7,720 people were killed (among them 678 children) and 18,465 were injured (among them 2,384 children) between January 20 and May 13. A UN official declared to Le Monde that his hierarchy tried to suppress these figures to remain in good terms with the government. When these numbers were leaked, Neil Buhne, the UN official coordinator in Sri Lanka, asked to be the only recipient of the figures in the future. Even the secretary general Ban Ki-moon tried to hide the numbers, according to Le Monde.
Despite the heavy bombings in the last days of the war, the 7,720 dead people are still given as an official figure which was repeated in The New York Times. According to Vijay K. Nambiar, Ban Ki-moon's chief-of-staff cited by Le Monde, the numbers could be closer to 20,000; these figures are corroborated by The Times. The paper discovered compelling evidence showing that on average 1,000 Sri Lankan civilians perished each day during the first 19 days of May. "These figures are not even complete yet. It's going to end up way more" said a UN source.
The Times relied on aerial photographs, confidential UN documents, witnesses and independent defense experts to understand the final days in the 26 year old Sri Lankan civil war. 200,000 survivors are interned in the Manik Farm refugee camp. The camp was visited twice by The Times investigators. 3,000 wounded civilians are still missing from the last known makeshift hospital. A survivor reported hospitals were bombed by the government which claimed the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) rebels were using them as hideouts. "They didn't want anyone left to say what had happened," say UN sources.
"We reject all these allegations. Civilians have not been killed by government shelling at all. If civilians have been killed, then that is because of the actions of the LTTE [rebels] who were shooting and killing people when they tried to escape." said a representative for the Sri Lankan High Commission. Brigadier Udaya Nanayakkara of Sri Lanka added "We have not used any shelling or mortaring, only small arms. We know how we are fighting". The aerial images taken by The Times suggest the contrary.
Le Monde also wrote that the United Nations did not help its people on the ground. Text messages sent by local employees in the war zones asked to "stop the war" and "what is the international community doing". "Hundreds of people trying to flew where caught by local dictators and beaten, without distinction of age and sex. I hear them crying." said another one. In April, Vijay Nambiar asked the locals to keep a "low profile" and play an active role in supporting the government.
The Sri Lankan government denied any wrongdoing. The UN Human Rights Council in Geneva, Switzerland cleared Sri Lanka of any alleged war crimes. Sri Lanka gained the support of China, Egypt, India and Cuba.
ICP's Matthew Lee asked UN pokesperson Martin Nesirky: "John Holmes has appeared on an interview with CNN's [Christiane] Amanpour, and seemed to confirm that during the final days of the fighting in Sri Lanka, that Vijay Nambiar was telephoned by leaders who sought to surrender, who ended up being killed. So, there is a big controversy right now in Sri Lanka about the charge that the Defence Minister, with whom Mr. Ban has met, gave the orders to kill surrendering prisoners. I wonder if it's possible, is that… Number one, can you, it'd be good to hear instead from Holmes about Nambiar, or maybe from Mr. Nambiar, but what was the UN's role in these attempted surrenders? And where does it stand on Mr. Ban's call for accountability or some type of an outside investigation or panel of inquiry into possible war crimes?
Mr Nesirsky's response was, as quoted in the ICP report, "What Mr. Holmes said yesterday, he speaks for himself in this particular case; of course, I am not going to amplify what he said. He knows what he's talking about. What I would suggest is that you let me find out some more details and then I can answer you with more certainty.
ICP followed with the following: "[a]ll right. Maybe from Mr. Nambiar on some basis, because I think he's confirmed that he got these calls from people who ended up being killed while waving white flags. So, it seems important to nail down what happened."
Nesirky responded: "[o]nce he's back in town, we'll see what we can do."
"If the past is any guide, the Rajapaksa administration will either not provide direct answers, or will issue vituperative denials. It did this in response to video footage depicting Sri Lankan soldiers killing bounded and naked people, footage that has since been authenticated," the ICP said in its report Monday.
War crimes allegations, against key officials in the Sri Lanka Government, based on the Channel-4 video are unlikely to disappear from being raised by organizations keen on bringing action against Colombo in international fora. Two independent forensic analyses in the UK and in the US have established the authenticity of the video, a recent IFJ report has raised the matter's importance in war-crimes investigations, and Alston had earlier said that the UN will carry out its own analysis.
Labels: Eelam, Lankan civil war, Vijay Nambiar, இலங்கை, ஈழம்
the 19/1/10 20:31
The malayalam speaking Axe handle(Nambiar,Nair,Vargeese etc) are the real threat to Tamils ,this mother adders should be crushed first leaving the snake alive if both are found at a time..
Bastard Vijay Nambiar and his family(Enjoying posh life in US,India) should be made naked and shot at the back like dogs for his wonderful role in last phase Eelam war..This creatures can live a Begging life rather than enjoying the witness of poor Eelam souls dying by Bullets and singelese animals ..


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NPA Reacts To Controversial $44m Dredging Contract
YUSUF BABALOLA
The last may not have been heard about the battle over the award of the Warriors dredging contract to Dredging International Services Nigeria (DISN) Limited, a subsidiary of Dredging International Services (Cyprus) Limited, as the managing director of the Nigerian Ports Authority (NPA), Hadiza Bala-Usman, has denied any wrongdoing in the award of the contract.
A dredging firm, Dredging Atlantic Limited (DAL), last week accused the NPA of bias in the award of the $44.861million (N16.150 billion) to DISN
That DISN is a Cyprus-based subsidiary of the Belgian petroleum infrastructure and dredging group DEME. DISCL was sentenced last year May in Switzerland and asked to pay a fine of Sfr one million ($1.03 million) and repay Sfr 36 million ($ 37.3 million) of illegal profit, the company was also allegedly involved in $20 million bribery of ex-officials of the NPA.
But, speaking over the weekend, the managing director of NPA, Ms Hadiza Bala-Usman, at a press briefing to announce Nigeria's hosting of the International Association of Ports and Harbour (IAPH) on September 17 in Abuja tagged: "African Ports and Hinterland Connectivity," made clarification on the award of the Warri Channel dredging contract.
The NPA MD said, "We had a petition that was submitted to us that a company that was prequalified for the Warri Channel dredging contract has been convicted in respect of the fact that we are aware of the convicted. In fact when the company that happened to be our partner in our joint venture was convicted, we submitted the conviction documents to the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) and the Attorney General of the Federation (AGF), drawing attention to the fact that the company has been convicted, the facts of the conviction and the persons that monies were paid to.
"The conviction is attributable to payments that were made to certain individuals within the NPA, Federal Ministry of Transportation and other agencies to facilitate payment of invoices from NPA.
"The deposition that they provided to the Swiss court was that the NPA refused to pay them in joint venture invoices, demanding for payments. They also listed payments that were made to militants in the Niger Delta to enable them have access to their dredging works."
She continued, "A year after, a subsidiary of the company bided for works with the NPA, in the course of the technical process we had the petition that they were so convicted. They had submitted to us a sworn affidavit that they were not the company convicted. We proceeded with our technical processes and made submissions to the Bureau of Public Procurement (BPP).
"BPP directed us to do an independent investigation of the affidavit they gave. We hired a law firm which did the investigation and made submission that the company is a subsidiary of the company that was convicted. "We were made to understand that the company that bidded for the contract has a different legal personality and a different legal profile. The directors of the company during the conviction are not the same directors of this company."
She stated that the company making the allegation of wrongdoing was the same company the NPA canceled their Calabar Channel dredging contract.
When contacted, the lawyer to Dredging Atlantic Limited, Mr Liborous Oshoma, said the Calabar Dredging contract that the NPA managing director was referring to was awarded to Niger Global by NPA on a PPP arrangement.
"Neither Dredging Atlantic or its technical partner, Westminster Dredging, were part of that bidding process. Otherwise, ask NPA to give you the bidding documents for that job. It's a notorious fact that Westminster Dredging our technical partners are the best Dredging company in Nigeria. Therefore, Niger Global Ltd sub-contracted the Contract to our Technical Partners, Westminster Dredging.
"Unfortunately, after our technical partners commence the job and executed to the tune of $10,000,000 (including request to do additional job) Niger Global, apart from the initial $500,000 deposit paid, failed to met up with subsequent payment terms, which made our technical partners abandon the job.
"And after subsequent failed attempts to collect from Niger Global Ltd for job done, Westminster wrote to NPA informing them of Niger Global's indebtedness to her (Westminster Dredging) and requested NPA to deduct her monies from any monies that was to be paid to Niger Global Ltd for any job done,"he said.
'Mismanagement Of $1trn Oil Proceeds Responsible For Poverty In Nigeria'
FG, States, LGs Share N3.95trn In 6 Months – NEITI


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Fiocchi's 12 Ga Law Enforcement 00 Buckshot is now available in a portable Plano ammo can with 80 rounds per can.
This product is targeted at the law enforcement community as swat units don't want to leave their buckshot stored in a vehicle that has wild temperature deviations sitting in the sun as this can deteriorate ammunition. Instead, this product comes in a fashion which is perfect for rapid deployments so that you can store it indoors and quickly grab it when the game is on the line.
This LE low recoil load allows LE operators to make quick successive shots with minimal muzzle rise ensuring subsequent shots are on target. This load is designed with nickel-plated pellets for less resistance in flight as well as higher velocities for increased energy downrange and improved performance on target. Plus, the pellets penetrate deeper which causes more damage to bones and vital organs.
Good price, very quick delivery and performed as expected.
What else could you ask for!
Ammo performs greatly, just as I expected it to.
Like the round! Great Q.plan to purchase more.
I shot off a good amount of my ammo and loved every kick of it.
Great value --preforms as expected Super self defense round with my Mossberg Road Blocker. Excellent delivery and as promised. Thanks" Lucky Gunner"
I had been putting standard 3 inch 00 buck shot through my "get out of my house gun", and thought "if I had to shoot this in the house it would practically be a flash band grenade and would be very disorienting, so naturally I had to test it, deafening (enclosed space, not in my house)." So I ordered these low recoil rounds, and it's amazing. Recoil easily reduced by half and the sound as well. If you have never shot a gun in an enclosed room before, find an old shed out of town somewhere and try it. Then you will want the least bang for your buck as well for self defense. I'll probably be ordering more in the future.
LE is a big plus.
I resently bought these and I love them the recoil is really reduced and I think will be great for home defense or really anything else. My wife will now shoot my Winchester 1200 now before she wouldnt even shoot 8 shot and she thinks it is easier than that we shot the whole case already and are buying more soon.
At first I thought; Geez!! Almost 90 cents a round when you factor in tax at my local store. Yes, I bought the whole case with (2) ten packs. Yes, it did average to 90 cents a round with tax ; ( Sad I know. But, getting beyond that... Wow!! These things don't mess around. I did 20 shots in sets of 5. Penetration is remarkable. Very low recoil. Excellent for home defense and law enforcement use. Plus the case they come in is nice to have at standby.
I used these in a Mossberg 500. They worked well and the muzzle jump was greatly reduced. My wife liked shooting these much more than a regular 12ga load and found them more easily controllable with repeat shots.


So often, we are told to focus on SMART Goals. These are rules for setting goals so that they REALLY happen! Hey – I've been guilty of this in the past too, but something about it has been troubling me lately. When we have SO many priorities, goals, plans and lists, there has to be more to it, than just being SMART.
There has to be something more meaningful than just working smarter, and I feel like I am getting better at knowing what this is. It's like there's a flower blossoming inside of me as I learn more about myself and what this could be – the something that made it more meaningful, that kept me motivated to achieve my goals.
It's there when I think about how I spend my time, what helps me jump out of bed in the morning, and how I plan my days.
So, I offer you this opportunity – to listen to your heart more, to lean in and push against the should's and open your heart. Believe me, this allows so much more love, openness and happiness in ways that you might never have imagined. It also means you can give yourself permission to let go of the goals that aren't actually as smart as you thought. These are the one's that end up in your New Year's Resolution List – every year – because they never actually get done. Because your heart's not included in the decisions, planning, dreams or desires.
How do you create HEART goals?
Using a similar strategy to smart goals – but with you as the focus.
Your goal needs to make your heart sing! Design your goal around your values, the things that matter most to you, your core desires.
If they don't match your values, the chances of you staying motivated or being willing to change aspects of your life in order to achieve it will be a big fat zero.
For every goal that you have in mind, check it against your values (here's a downloadable Values List, to help you get to know your values). If there is conflict – you'll sense it in your heart. There might be a concern that you'll make an excuse for, or something that you think you can overcome, but take some time to sit with it and really check in with your heart. You may need to tweak your goal, or put it to the side until you can deal with the real issues.
Are you excited and enthusiastic about the journey to achieve your goal, and the outcome itself? Do the milestones energise you and keep you motivated?
When you have that motivation that comes from your heart, when you know your life, your business, your family, your self development will improved once you achieve your goal, and the process of achieving it gives you a buzz, and makes you feel happy (despite it being difficult), then that's energy you need to tap into – because it's essential to help you move forward.
That's the energy you need to channel when things are difficult and you have to dig deep. That's the energy you need when you're having a bad day.
No-brainer right? Well, sometimes taking action can be really hard. It means stepping out of a comfort zone, learning new skills and habits, acknowledging the fears and doing it anyway. Much easier said than done!
visualise how you will feel when you have achieved your goal. Pull that essence and feeling into you, and channel that feeling to help you overcome the fears to do it anyway.
Yes – it does need to be realistic – for heart goals and smart goals. Setting yourself up for disappointment and more negative self talk is not the way to make progress, or achieve your heart goals.
It's OK to aim high, but be practical. Check in with your schedule, check your calendar to see if there are big things coming up and check what sort of time commitment you will need to achieve your goal.
As well as being realistic with the big picture, the details of doing need to be realistic too.
You need to be able to have time to do it, and you need to give it a (realistic) time frame.
If your goal needs extra time each morning to achieve it, you may want to consider letting go of something, or just rationalise your Facebook use (there's usually an extra half an hour minimum to be found each day).
Goals need a time frame, so that you can spread it out evenly. You've probably heard the analogy of sprints and marathons – well, goals can be either, but they do take up extra time and energy – premium commodities for mums in business. I'd suggest a longer time frame to allow for life, nourishment & love.
Approaching goals from the inside out sits better, takes that external pressure off, and allows you to use the love for yourself to help motivate and achieve your goals, and that's way better than approaching your goals from feeling like you are 'lacking', or will be frowned upon by others.
If you find yourself losing your way whilst achieving your goal, it doesn't mean that you have failed. It means that any of the aspects of your HEART goal may need to be adjusted or reviewed.
If you're interested in making the most of your time, I have the perfect brain decluttering slash Information Management System for you….Sign up for my free video series on the Freedom Framework.
OR you might be interested in having your Most Productive Day – by stepping away from your Inbox and sorting it out in 7 Strategic Steps!
I'm all about heart-centred productivity – getting to the heart of what you do and why, because it's there you will find the most powerful motivation, focus and clarity – and when you have that, you thrive, and so does your family.
Overwhelm: What's It Really Costing You?


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// THIS SOURCE CODE IS SUPPLIED "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, AND ITS AUTHOR AND THE JOURNAL OF MACHINE LEARNING RESEARCH (JMLR) AND JMLR'S PUBLISHERS AND DISTRIBUTORS, DISCLAIM ANY AND ALL WARRANTIES, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, AND ANY WARRANTIES OR NON INFRINGEMENT. THE USER ASSUMES ALL LIABILITY AND RESPONSIBILITY FOR USE OF THIS SOURCE CODE, AND NEITHER THE AUTHOR NOR JMLR, NOR JMLR'S PUBLISHERS AND DISTRIBUTORS, WILL BE LIABLE FOR DAMAGES OF ANY KIND RESULTING FROM ITS USE. Without lim- iting the generality of the foregoing, neither the author, nor JMLR, nor JMLR's publishers and distributors, warrant that the Source Code will be error-free, will operate without interruption, or will meet the needs of the user.
//
// --------------------------------------------------------------------------
//
// Copyright 2016 Stephen Piccolo
//
// This file is part of ML-Flex.
//
// ML-Flex is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
// any later version.
//
// ML-Flex is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
// GNU General Public License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
// along with ML-Flex. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

package mlflex.dataprocessors;

import mlflex.helper.FileUtilities;
import mlflex.helper.ListUtilities;

import java.util.ArrayList;

/** This class contains functionality for handling data that comes from the UCI machine learning repository. */
public class UciMachineLearningDataProcessor extends AbstractDataProcessor
{
    private String _filePath;
    private int _idIndex;
    private int _classIndex;
    private String _delimiter;
    private String _description;

    /** Constructor
     * @param filePath Relative or absolute path to file containing data
     * @param idIndex Index of column containing identifiers that identify each data instance (when none exists, this should be -1)
     * @param classIndex Index of column containing class information
     */
    public UciMachineLearningDataProcessor(String filePath, Integer idIndex, Integer classIndex)
    {
        this(filePath, idIndex, classIndex, ",");
    }

    /** Constructor
     * @param filePath Relative or absolute path to file containing data
     * @param idIndex Index of column containing identifiers that identify each data instance (when none exists, this should be -1)
     * @param classIndex Index of column containing class information
     * @param delimiter Character/string that is used in the file to delimit entries
     */
    public UciMachineLearningDataProcessor(String filePath, Integer idIndex, Integer classIndex, String delimiter)
    {
        _filePath = filePath;
        _idIndex = idIndex;
        _classIndex = classIndex;
        _delimiter = delimiter.equals("") ? " " : delimiter;
        _description = FileUtilities.RemoveFileExtension(filePath);
    }

    @Override
    public String GetDescription()
    {
        return _description;
    }

    @Override
    protected double GetProportionMissingPerInstanceOK()
    {
        return 0.99;
    }

    @Override
    protected double GetProportionMissingPerDataPointOK()
    {
        return 0.99;
    }

    @Override
    protected void ParseInputData() throws Exception
    {
        ArrayList<ArrayList<String>> data = FileUtilities.ParseDelimitedFile(_filePath);
        for (int i=0; i<data.size(); i++)
        {
            ArrayList<String> row = GetRow(data, i);
            String instanceID = GetID(i, row);

            for (int j=0; j<row.size(); j++)
            {
                if (j == _idIndex)
                    continue;

                if (j == _classIndex)
                    SaveRawDataPoint("Class", instanceID, row.get(j));
                else
                    SaveRawDataPoint("DataPoint" + j, instanceID, row.get(j));
            }
        }
    }

    private ArrayList<String> GetRow(ArrayList<ArrayList<String>> data, int i)
    {
        return ListUtilities.CreateStringList(data.get(i).get(0).split(_delimiter));
    }

    private String GetID(int i, ArrayList<String> rowValues)
    {
        return _idIndex == -1 ? "ID" + i : rowValues.get(_idIndex);
    }
}


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text:
News — Syro-Malabar liturgy dispute
Indian Catholics to call for 'justice' after archbishop's resignation
August 2, 2022 . 7:35 AM
Archbishop Antony Kariyil. Screenshot from catechismernakulam YouTube channel.
Indian Catholics at the center of a fierce liturgical dispute are expected to gather on Sunday to appeal for "justice" following the resignation of their archbishop.
Members of the Syro-Malabar Catholic Church's Ernakulam-Angamaly archdiocese are due to meet on Aug. 7 after Pope Francis accepted the resignation of 72-year-old Archbishop Antony Kariyil.
The Holy See press office did not give a reason for Archbishop Kariyil's resignation three years before the typical retirement age. But it said on July 30 that he would retain "the personal dignity of archbishop and the titular see of Macriana Maior."
The press office also announced that the pope had appointed Archbishop Andrews Thazhath of Trichur as apostolic administrator of Ernakulam-Angamaly archdiocese. India's Latin Rite bishops' conference described Archbishop Thazhath as "a world-renowned expert in Oriental Code of Canon Law."
Archbishop Kariyil had served as archiepiscopal vicar of Ernakulam-Angamaly since 2019. In November 2021, he dispensed priests in the archdiocese from adopting a uniform mode of celebrating the Syro-Malabar Church's Eucharistic liturgy, known as the Holy Qurbana.
The Syro-Malabar Church is the second-largest of the 23 self-governing Eastern Catholic Churches after the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church. The decision to implement a uniform liturgy was taken by the Synod of Bishops of the Syro-Malabar Church after a complex, decades-long dispute focused on whether clergy should face the people or liturgical east while celebrating the liturgy.
The Synod of Bishops backed a compromise, known as the "50:50 formula," in which priests face the people during the Liturgy of the Word but turn east for the Liturgy of the Eucharist.
While other dioceses have adopted the formula, the push for a uniform liturgy has met strong resistance in Ernakulam-Angamaly archdiocese, with protesters burning cardinals' effigies, holding a hunger strike, and clashing with opponents in the streets.
A poster for Sunday's meeting, currently being circulated online, invites clergy, religious, and lay people to gather at Kaloor Stadium in Kochi, Kerala State, at 3 p.m. local time. Opponents of the meeting have branded it the "devil's convention."
The poster, which calls for "justice" for Archbishop Kariyil, features an image of Pope Francis. Beneath the pope are photos of the archbishop and Cardinal Joseph Parecattil, who attended the Second Vatican Council while serving as archbishop of Ernakulam from 1956 to 1984 and is admired by supporters of Mass facing the people.
The poster also refers to a controversy over real estate transactions that lost the archdiocese a reported $10 million and led to legal proceedings involving Cardinal George Alencherry, the head of the Syro-Malabar Church and major archbishop of Ernakulam-Angamaly archdiocese.
In 2018, the Vatican appointed a temporary apostolic administrator to lead the archdiocese amid claims of irregularities in local land deals. Archbishop Kariyil was named archiepiscopal vicar in August 2019, at the end of the apostolic administrator's tenure.
Cardinal Alencherry, who rejected allegations of malpractice, resumed his duties a year after the apostolic administrator's appointment. Kerala's state government filed an affidavit in India's Supreme Court earlier this month clearing the 77-year-old cardinal of any wrongdoing.
The Synod of Bishops is due to meet on Aug. 6 and is expected to discuss the uniform liturgy dispute.
The body, which comprises all the bishops of the Syro-Malabar Church, has the power to elect bishops within the state of Kerala. The appointments are then confirmed by the pope.
Pope Francis has supported the drive for a uniform liturgy. He wrote to Syro-Malabar Catholics in July 2021, asking them "to proceed to a prompt implementation of the uniform mode of celebrating the Holy Qurbana, for the greater good and unity of your Church."
On March 25 this year, the pope wrote to clergy of Ernakulam-Angamaly archdiocese, asking them to take the "difficult and painful step" of adopting the uniform liturgy.