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Silviu Miloiu
President of the Romanian Association for Baltic and Nordic Studies, E-mail: silviu.miloiu@arsbn.ro
This issue of Revista Română pentru Studii Baltice şi Nordice [The Romanian Journal of Baltic and Nordic Studies, RRSBN] crowns a year of steady progress in terms of number and quality of the programs and actions run by The Romanian Association for Baltic and Nordic Studies (ARSBN). The highlights of this year have been the first international conference for Baltic and Nordic Studies in Romania entitled Romania and Lithuania in the Interwar International Relations: Bonds, Intersections and Encounters, the opening of the exhibition dedicated to the 90th anniversary of the establishment of the Romanian-Finnish diplomatic relations (exhibition which has travelled since its first opening about 850 miles) and of the first Lithuanian exhibition displayed in a Romanian art gallery and the awarding of the title of Doctor Honoris Causa of Valahia University to Dr. Vladimir Jarmolenko, the Ambassador of Lithuania to Bucharest and Honorary Chairman of our Association. Besides, the members of the Association have been involved in research whose results have been disseminated in books, international and national conferences, thus contributing to the spreading of knowledge and the encouragement of debates on subjects close to its aims.
The second issue of RRSBN also brings a novelty in the meaning that 2010 is the first year when the journal is published biannually as it will appear henceforth. Having been projected at the end of 2008, its first volume was published in November 2009.
The articles published in this issue bring forth new documentary evidences and fresh interpretations upon a variety of topics regarding the history, the history of international relations or the history of commercial bonds of Baltic and Nordic European nations, in some cases in connection to the developments in the Black Sea area.
In spite of the array of topics, some sections can be however distinguished. The first one encompasses the two articles signed by Costel Coroban and Veniamin Ciobanu regarding the role of Sweden in the international relations at the beginning of the 18th and of the 19th centuries when this power had to cope with its declining role in the international relations. After its defeat in the Battle of Poltava, Sweden gradually came to be regarded as the minor actor in the international diplomatic game in comparison with its more powerful neighbors of Britain, Russia or Napoleon's France. The first article describes how Sweden tried to rise again to the status of Great Power with the financial support of the Jacobites and what were the international implications of the plot in which Swedish emissaries have allowed themselves to be engaged in Britain. Integrating a number of nine important archival documents, the second article proves the wide interest of Sweden regarding the international circumstances leading to the downfall of Imperial France in its attempt to adopt a wise foreign policy to compensate through the annexation of Norway for the loss of Finland to Tsarist Russia in 1809. Thus, Sweden was also looking to the developments of the Eastern Question and to the policies of Britain, France and Russia with regard to the Ottoman Empire.
If the Napoleonic Wars caused havoc in Europe and finally ended in the defeat of France and in the setting up of a new European order, the First World War had an even bigger impact on the European states system. Big empires vanished overnight and new states emerged or were re-established. The consequences have been momentous and the researchers are still discussing them today. As a regenerated state in Central Europe, the Polish elites wanted to wipe out the history of more than a century when it was divided between the neighboring Great Powers and to regain its place among Europe's major actors. The memory of Polish drive towards the Black Sea was not forgotten. Taking into account also its 1921 alliance with Romania and the attempts to widen out the outlets of its merchandises, Poland pondered about the possibilities to ease its access to the Black Sea area. In the end, these projects had to be abandoned, as Florin Anghel proves, mainly due to the similarity of the export merchandises of Poland and Romania and to the low living standard of the Poles and Romanians which restricted their purchasing power.
It must not be overlooked the Soviet threat which was deeply felt by the two countries. At their eastern borders tens of millions of people were engaged in one of the most gigantic restructuring of a country's geography, economy and mentality that the history has ever witnessed: "the construction of Socialism" in an agrarian backward empire. The life experiences of one of the most intriguing groups of people engaged in this challenging strive, the 6,000 Finns emigrating from North America to Soviet Union, is described in Kitty Lam's article. Skilled workers initially welcomed as the vanguard of proletariat in the newly established Karelian Autonomous Republic, they will soon find themselves condemned as enemies of the people. Basing her analysis on the letters and memoirs of those living through these experiences, the author discusses the extent to which the immigrants have integrated in a new ideological setting and how their rapidly deteriorating status has affected their life experiences and their identity. Olaf Mertelsmann also brings forth a research topic regarding a largely obscured subject when one thinks of Stalinism: the leisure in Estonian SSR. Following his archival, oral history and life stories research, the author argues that leisure was however "an important aspect of everyday life in Estonia under Stalin's reign". He identifies traits of continuity with the interwar patterns and concludes that the Leviathan's attempts to control leisure and re-educate the population have failed to bear the expected fruits.
Another section of the journal covers international developments circumscribed to World War II. Silviu Miloiu studies the relations between Romania and Finland in the aftermath of the launching of the Barbarossa Campaign. In 1940 both states had been subjected to Soviet military or political aggression and lost territories in the east in favor of Soviet Union. Subsequently, Moscow continued to be regarded as menacing and therefore they were happy to use the opportunity of the German attack in order to recapture the lost territories and to remove the Russian threat. This new situation occasioned a steady progress in the Romanian-Finnish relations which grew as a result of a combination of balance of power and joint action. The main promoter of this progress was Romania, a country which was searching for more influence on the international arena in expectance of the peace conference to be open in the aftermath of the predictable Soviet debacle. Despite its huge losses, the Red Army survived to the German Blitzkrieg in 1941 and Stalin continued to hope that the spheres of influence that Hitler had recognized him in 1939 will be also acceded to by the Western Allies. Yet, the British-Soviet treaty of May 1942 contains no clause to this end and the discussions on this issue will linger on for two years. As Emanuel Plopeanu proves in his article, Germany was however interested in spreading the rumors through some Swedish newspapers that such a secret agreement was incorporated in the treaty, thus hoping to influence not only the public opinion in the neutral countries, but perhaps also to give its smaller allies new incentives to continue sending troops and resources to the eastern front.
Ironically, the German propaganda half-lies seemed to be confirmed by the post-war realities when the Baltic States, for instance, were re-annexed to Soviet Union. When they regained their independence in the early 1990s, the Baltic nations oriented themselves towards the West in which many of them saw a shield against the menacing eastern neighbor and a path towards prosperity. Lithuania is a case in point. Elena Dragomir's article approaches Lithuania's EU membership by comparing the "return to Europe" speech of the politicians with the views of the public opinion as they resulted from a series of opinion polls. The conclusion of the author is that when compared, the two images almost overlap so that it can be said that the Lithuanian drive towards the EU integration has enjoyed the support of the public opinion.
The last section of the journal is dedicated to the awarding of the title of Doctor Honoris Causa to the Ambassador of Lithuania, one of signatories of the Act of Restoration of Independence of his country on March 11, 1990, has constituted not only a solemn recognition of a politician, diplomat and researcher's outstanding qualities, but has also marked a new step in the progress of the cultural relations between Romanian and Lithuanian higher education and research institutions. Consequently, we have chosen to integrate in this issue the speeches of the Rector of Valahia University of Targoviste, the laudatio and the other speeches of the commission established in order to grant the title and the reception speech of Dr. Vladimir Jarmolenko.
It is our hope that this issue of RRSBN will generate new academic debates with regard to the topics approached herein. It is also our aim to target not only the community of scholars with an interest in these topics in the light of their research interest, but also to answer the public interest not only in Romania but also abroad. In order to achieve these goals and to spread this journal throughout Romanian, European and North American libraries and institutions, an essential support came from the Romanian National Cultural Fund Administration [Administraţia Fondului Cultural Naţional] to which we extend our gratitude.
https://balticnordic.hypotheses.org/files/2018/12/03.-Foreword.pdf


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The Infinite Desire for Growth
Daniel Cohen
Translated by Jane Marie Todd
Why society's expectation of economic growth is no longer realistic
Economic growth--and the hope of better things to come—is the religion of the modern world. Yet its prospects have become bleak, with crashes following booms in an endless cycle. In the United States, eighty percent of the population has seen no increase in purchasing power over the last thirty years and the situation is not much better elsewhere. The Infinite Desire for Growth spotlights the obsession with wanting more, and the global tensions that have arisen as a result. Amid finite resources, increasing populations, environmental degradation, and political unrest, the quest for new social and individual goals has never been so critical.
Leading economist Daniel Cohen provides a whirlwind tour of the history of economic growth, from the early days of civilization to modern times, underscoring what is so unsettling today. The new digital economy is establishing a "zero-cost" production model, inexpensive software is taking over basic tasks, and years of exploiting the natural world have begun to backfire with deadly consequences. Working hard no longer guarantees social inclusion or income. Drawing on economics, anthropology, and psychology, and thinkers ranging from Rousseau to Keynes and Easterlin, Cohen examines how a future less dependent on material gain might be considered and, how, in a culture of competition, individual desires might be better attuned to the greater needs of society.
At a time when wanting what we haven't got has become an obsession, The Infinite Desire for Growth explores the ways we might reinvent, for the twenty-first century, the old ideal of social progress.
Daniel Cohen is director of the Economics Department at the École Normale Supérieure in Paris and a founding member of the Paris School of Economics. A former adviser to the World Bank, Cohen was made a Chevalier of the Legion of Honor in 2001. His many books include Globalization and Its Enemies and The Prosperity of Vice.
"An utterly absorbing journey from the wheel to the iPhone."--Sharon Shinn, BizEd
"A compact book whose easy-reading style could easily obscure the profundity of its argument. Daniel Cohen's ultimately hopeful message is that the waning of the religion of growth could create the space for a renewed humanism."--Prospect
"[A] stimulating book of wide scope drawing on a range of disciplines."--David Lorimer, Paradigm Explorer
"The book is a statement of hope, a plea for mankind to stop running in the rat race and start seeing the roses. Amen!"--J. Bhattacharya, Choice
"This erudite and opinionated book keeps readers on tenterhooks: Will humanity emerge intact from the tensions between the endless desire for growth and the economy's (and earth's) limits? Cohen's conclusion is elegant, hopeful, and controversial. An unputdownable masterpiece."—Esther Duflo, coauthor of Poor Economics: A Radical Rethinking of the Way to Fight Global Poverty
"Can modern society survive slow growth? In The Infinite Desire for Growth, Cohen presents on balance among the best and most accessible analyses of this central and very important issue. This is an interesting, forthright, and worthwhile book from an author who brings humanity to economics."—Jeff Madrick, author of Seven Bad Ideas: How Mainstream Economists Have Damaged America and the World
"This interesting and thought-provoking book considers the question of whether humanity needs to live in a state of permanent aspiration. Its breadth of reference is remarkably impressive."—Howard Davies, author of Can Financial Markets Be Controlled?
Jane Marie Todd
Business & Economics - Economics - Macroeconomics
Business & Economics - Development - Economic Development
Social Science - General

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Be Well with TCL is all about health and wellness and feeling good inside and out. Feeling good about yourself can include feeling good about your appearance, particularly when it comes to your eyebrows. As we age, our eyebrows can start to thin and fade. And that means many women has to use makeup to fill in those brows every single morning. But as Twin Cities Live reporter Kelli Hanson shows us, a new kind of treatment can take eliminate that step every morning and you'll leave feeling your best.
A few years ago, Ally Horarik, was looking for a more permanent solution to filling in her eyebrows every single day. What she found was Mircroblading. After her search for studios in the Twin Cities came up empty, Ally decided to open up her own. Highbrow Studio opened one year ago and offers a semi-permanent makeup technique.
TCL in Your Town: Painted!


Who Needs Detox in Indiana?
If you have been struggling with a substance use disorder and/or co-occurring mental health disorders, you might first have to go through detox in Indiana before you get started on the road to recovery from your addiction.
To determine when and if you are going to need detox in the state, it is essential that you undergo evaluation and assessment before you enroll in a drug and alcohol treatment program.
The addiction treatment experts at the facility will check for various criteria to determine your suitability for a medically managed detox program. For instance, they could test you for various withdrawal symptoms and drug cravings, including anxiety, sweating, nausea, disorientation, and more.
If you are found to be suffering some severe withdrawal symptoms, then it is highly likely that they will recommend inpatient medically supervised detoxification services to manage these symptoms and your drug cravings.
You may also be asked to undergo inpatient detox if you are addicted to certain substances of abuse, including alcohol, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, and opioids. This is because these drugs can cause severe or even life-threatening symptoms of withdrawal.
Finally, detox is recommended if you have developed a mental health disorder over and above your addiction. This disorder could complicate your recovery and this is why you might have to first go through medically supervised detox in Indiana before you enroll in a rehabilitation program.


The Derby City Jazz Festival returns to Louisville for its' fourth year on August 10th and 11th at the Iroquois Amphitheater.
The Derby City Jazz Festival returns to Louisville for its' fourth year on August 10th and 11th at the Iroquois Amphitheater. Some of the very best in smooth jazz will be doing it in the park! The two day festival is quickly establishing Louisville as a destination location for smooth jazz, great food and culture. Enjoy the music, experience the culture. Two legendary nights of smooth jazz and more featuring Pieces of a Dream, Nick Colionne, Marion Meadows, Joey Sommerville,Regan Whiteside,Cal Harris Jr., Lindsay Webster, Adam Hawley, Lin Rountree, Sheryl Rouse and more.The Ville's got its' swag back!


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by Godible March 15, 2021
Cheon Seong Gyeong Book 12: Cheon Il Guk
Chapter 4: The Vision of Cheon II Guk and Our Responsibility
Section 1: The Background and Proclamation of Foundation Day, 03-12
The background of the proclamation of Foundation Day
(3) The number thirteen! January 13, 2001, is the day that I brought liberation and complete freedom to God. In 2013, we have to offer the nation before God. Because God took His position as King through the Enthronement Ceremony for the Kingship of God, God needs a nation. We must establish a people. If we want to offer God His kingdom, at least twelve years, twelve seasons of spring, summer, autumn, and winter must pass. We have to prepare the royal territory and then attend God as the King representing heaven and earth.
(4) I held the Enthronement Ceremony for the Kingship of God on January 13, 2001, which marked the beginning of the third millennium. In 2013, after going over the peaks of twelve years beginning from that day, our families, people, nation, and the world have to bid a final farewell to the enemy land. No matter what pitiful circumstances beset us, we must not look back. We will carry aloft the torch of independence for the nation of our desire and shake heaven and earth with a resounding shout of victory. Let us not forget: we are advancing toward the day we will plant the flag of heaven's glory through the lightning of love. We have to shout of the new love that unites heaven and earth. After enduring tremendous hardships on this earth, where the history of sorrow has extended until now, True Parents achieved oneness with God and held the Enthronement Ceremony for the Kingship of God. Yet the True Parents of heaven, earth, and humankind still have a responsibility remaining. Once we have gone beyond 2012 to the thirteenth day in 2013, we have to raise high a torch, a beacon of the founding of the nation and the nationwide victory and offer everything to Heaven.
(5) I have to bind, on the world level, everything that Jesus left for us to accomplish. By the thirteenth day of the first month in 2013, within twelve years, I will resolve everything beginning here on earth and proceeding up to heaven. Adam and Eve turned everything upside down in one generation; therefore, in one generation, the returning Lord has to recover Adam's lost family foundation, Jesus' lost national foundation, and the returning Lord's forty years of hardship. Then the returning Lord has to unite God's family with Cain and Abel in Adam's family and go beyond the ideal of the family UN to the ideal of the cosmic kingdom of heaven, the era of liberation and complete freedom.
(6) On the thirteenth of January, 2001, I offered the Enthronement Ceremony for the Kingship of God. However, this was not just about gaining royal authority. The Lord of Heaven and Earth must also be proclaimed. In 2013, because the recovery of the nation and the family will have returned everything to its original position, we will go beyond that to one united world with God at the center. There will be no boundary between heaven and earth. Previously, the individual, the family, and everything was in a state of conflict. This will be the era of unity, in which all can unite into one. We must end the fight between Cain and Abel, as well as the way rulers of nations have caused people of faith to shed blood. Then the younger brother has to ascend to the position of the elder brother. We must restore the murder of the younger brother by the elder brother, as well as the sacrifices Abel religious people have endured because of Cain. By recovering everything—the eight stages of the individual, family, tribe, people, nation, world, cosmos, and God—for the first time, starting from Abel on the individual level to the entire Cain world, we will create a new heaven and earth.
(7) Unless the religions become one, we cannot realize the world of peace. Who can do that? Only Rev. Moon. By establishing a new model family, we can form a model nation and, on that basis, a model world. The model world in heaven and earth will frame the ideal world. It will be a world God can lead. We connect to the lineage of the un-fallen True Parents only when a mother stands in an equal position to a true father and embraces and unites Cain and Abel, God's children, who were driven from the garden of Eden. When Cain and Abel become one centered on their mother, and the rulers and religious leaders of Israel unite, the parents will stand in the same position as the ones who were to become True Parents yet were chased from the garden of Eden. Then the parents who are the standard for blessed families at the world level will emerge, according to the laws of the Principle. Satan then will not be able to stand at the front but will have to retreat immediately. God, who had been relegated to the back, will return to His rightful position. In the garden of Eden, once Cain and Abel unite with God-centered Adam and Eve, all will be able to enter the realm of ownership. We have to offer this to God on the thirteenth day of the first month in 2013. In one generation, True Parents have to recover everything stolen by the false parent, Satan, through the false lineage.
(8) On February 14, 2010, I proclaimed to the world the start of the heavenly calendar. The existing solar and lunar calendars now stand respectively in the positions of Cain and Abel and have the role of supporting the heavenly calendar, which will record and elucidate the new providence.
(9) This is the era in which Heaven has proclaimed the heavenly calendar. It is a serious time. The time has come when the only way to live is by following the teachings of the True Parents of humankind, who have the seal of Heaven and will take responsibility for the eternal life of all humanity. Now is the time to reveal, be proud of, and praise the name of True Parents.
(10) From now, let God's Association Connecting the Spirit World and the Earthly World come to the fore. The association's name is composed of the Chinese characters for spirit, connect, and world (靈聯世). After the spiritual and earthly worlds become one, they should form God's family, nation, world, and cosmos. God's Association Connecting the Spirit World and the Earthly World is more an association than an alliance. The Chinese character for "associate" (協) is a combination of two characters, a cross (十) and power (力). Power, however, is written three times. It is astonishing that this character could predict so well what was to come. Why is it that in the Chinese character for associate, we find the character for the cross and the character for power written small two times underneath it written large? It is because this character signifies the world of the cross where God, Cain, and Abel unite. This is the meaning of "association." As the spirit world and earthly world connect through this association, anyone alive who participates in this, from the individual to the family, tribe, nation, world, and cosmos, is God's beloved and will ascend to a position of value greater than the level of goodness that existed before the Fall. So, the association is named God's Association Connecting the Spirit World and the Earthly World.
(11) Now is the era of God's Association Connecting the Spirit World and the Earthly World. That is to say, it is the era of the Association of God and Human Beings United in Love and the era of the Association of the Cosmic Parents. In other words, humankind has now entered the era of Heaven's extraordinary grace. It is the era where people can regain God's nation and original homeland, realize the liberated kingdom of heaven, and enjoy eternal blessings and pleasure.
(12) Once the era of the substantial Cheon II Guk unfolds, God's Association Connecting the Spirit World and the Earthly World will stand as the central axis and rule humanity. This means that substantial unity occurs between the spirit world and the physical world. The laws of nature and the way of Heaven will conduct the providence. There will no longer be secular elections on earth and, through the Blessing ceremony conducted internationally, one family of humankind will arise. We will enjoy tranquility and happiness while delighting in the reign of peace.


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Best Xiaomi Products You Can Buy in the U.S. In 2020
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Best Photo Printers for Android 2021
The Samsung A32 5G is the company's cheapest 5G phone
There's an easy fix to Signal's latest chat errors, but an update is coming


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ASAP's Response to COVID-19
ASAP Connects
ASAP Lifts Up Member Voices
ASAP Serves
ASAP Advances Adaptation Careers
Am I An Adaptation Professional?
Jobs at ASAP
Preparing Communities to Receive Climate Migrants
As communities, ecosystems, and economies are pummelled by worsening climate disasters, the world is opening its eyes to an unavoidable consequence: human migration. But researchers and practitioners are just beginning to think about where people will move to -- and how to prepare so-called climate-receiving communities.
ASAP's newest applied research project acts on our responsibility and opportunity to establish the foundation for socially just and environmentally sound growth in climate receiving regions.
Climate Migration and Climate Opportunities in the Great Lakes Region
ASAP is running an applied research project in the Great Lakes region to create methodologies for projecting human migration that integrate future climate projections and to gather stakeholder perspectives on the topic of climate-induced in-migration to the region. The project includes region-wide work as well as work specific to New York State, a unique jurisdiction which includes both major populations centers with high climate vulnerability and significant areas that are well positioned to be population-receiving communities under future climate conditions.
We aim to build foundational knowledge on the topic of in-migration, create new tools that can be applied in other climate-receiving regions, catalyze additional investment and research into this critical area of adaptation and resilience work, and cultivate a narrative around the importance of preparing for climate-related opportunities in addition to climate risks.
This project is funded by New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA) and a 2019 Great Lakes Integrated Sciences and Assessments (GLISA) small grant to the American Society of Adaptation Professionals.
Pilot activities include:
Developing a typology of issues, opportunities, and stakeholder needs for climate-related migration into the Great Lakes region.
Convening a Climate-Informed Demography Workshop to catalyze this work.
Developing a methodology for projecting migration in the U.S. that integrates future climate projections.
Coordinating a set of cross-sector applied research teams to create new climate-informed migration models for New York State.
Convening a capstone conference to share insights from this project. (August 2021)
Sign up to receive project updates
Upcoming Events and Opportunities:
Download resources from our December 2020 Climate Informed Demography Workshop
Join ASAP's Climate Migration and Managed Retreat Member Led Interest Group (open to ASAP Members only). Become a member today!
Join ASAP
We are connecting and collaborating with a robust group of adaptation professionals, applied researchers, and end users to develop and implement this project, including demographers, climatologists, local, state, and tribal government officials, and industry representatives. Sign up to receive project updates and learn more about how to get involved.
Thank you to our collaborators!
Matt Hauer, Florida State University
Missy Stults, City of Ann Arbor
Anna Marandi, National League of Cities
Great Lakes Integrated Sciences and Assessments
ASAP Climate Migration and Managed Retreat Member Led Interest Group
Thank you to our supporters!
NYSERDA works with stakeholders throughout New York including residents, business owners, developers, community leaders, local government officials, university researchers, utility representatives, investors, and entrepreneurs. NYSERDA partners with them to develop, invest, and foster the conditions that attract the private sector capital investment needed to expand New York's clean energy economy, overcome barriers to using clean energy at a large-scale in New York, and enable New York's communities and residents to benefit from energy efficiency and renewable energy.
Great Lakes Integrated Sciences and Assessments, a NOAA RISA Team
GLISA is one of eleven RISAs, which comprise a national network of centers focused on adaptation to climate change and variability. GLISA integrates information from a wide array of scientific fields, develops collaborations between entities with similar goals, and helps inform decision makers throughout the region with sound science. GLISA offers a unique approach to building climate literacy, long-term sustainability, and facilitating smart decision making across the eight Great Lakes states and the province of Ontario.
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© 2019 Adaptation Professionals


Sevensedie looks forward to meet you at ICFF South Florida - High-End Luxury Furniture 2018, Stand 1013.
ICFF South Florida is the most important event on the East Coast dedicated to the High end Luxury Furniture.
We will be exhibiting on stand 1013 at the Ft. Lauderdale Convention Center in Miami.
We will take this opportunity to launch our latest creation: KRIZ, a new armchair in a perfect "American Style", exclusively designed for Sevensedie by our architects.


Kaiser Permanente & Leadership Cobb Class of 2019 cordially invite you to Golden Gala , a prom for senior adults.
This fun takes place Friday, April 26 at 6pm at Life University.
The event is free but registration is required. Attire is dressy casual.
Call Lynn Wigington at 404-966-1026 to register or for more information.


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Камехамеха V рођен (11. децембар 1830. † 11. децембар 1872. године) владао је као пети монарх Краљевине Хаваја од 1855. до 1863. Његово рођено име било је, Лота Капуаива, Каланимакуа Алииолани, Каланикупуапа Икаланинуи, када је ступио на престо Камехамеха V. Његов мото био је "Онипаʻа": непокретан, чврст, постојан или одлучан; Марљиво је радио за свој народ и краљевство и описиван је као последњи велики традиционални поглавица.

Биографија

Рођен је 11. децембра 1830. године и звао се Лот Капуаива. Његова мајка је била Елизабет Кинау, а отац Матаио Кекуанаоа. Његова браћа били су Давид Камехамеха, Мосес Кекуаива,	Александар Лихолихо и сестра принцеза Викториа Камамалу. Такође је био унук Камехамеха I. Капу аива значи тајанствена капуљача, или света, заштићена натприродним моћима. Усвојила га је принцеза Нахиенаена пратећи древну хавајску традицију ханаија, али је умрла 1836. Тада су га усвојили његова бака, краљица Калакуа Кахеихеималие и очух деда, поглавица Хоапили Улумахеихеи. Дјетињство му је било тешко; Осећао је да се његови ханаи родитељи према њему понашају као према странцу и да му је усвојење украло љубав мајке. Током свог живота дубоко је волео ову традицију, што је касније показао његов бес на његову полусестру принцеза Рут Келиколани, која је свог другог сина Кеолаокаланија поклонила Бернике Пауахи Бишоп.

Било је планирано да он буде наследник Хоапилија као гувернер Мауија, иако се то никада није догодило. Откада га је краљ Камехамеха III прогласио квалификованим за престо, био је обучаван у Краљевској школи попут својих рођака браће и сестара. По рођењу је био верен за Бернике Пауахи, али она је уместо тога одлучила да се уда за Американца Чарлса Ред Бишопа.

По завршетку школе (Камехамеха Капалама на Хавајима) путовао је у иностранство са својим братом Александром Лихолихом. Под надзором њиховог старатеља П. Јуд, Лот и његов брат отпловили су за Сан Франциско у септембру 1849. Након обиласка Калифорније, наставили су пут Панаме, Јамајке, Њујорка и Вашингтона. Обишли су Европу и састали се са разним шефовима држава, укључујући француског владара Наполеона., британског принца Алберта, америчког председника Закари Тејлора и потпредседника Милард Филмора.

Успон
Од 1852. до 1855. био је члан Тајног државног савета, а од 1852. до 1862. у Дому племића. Био је министар унутрашњих послова од 1857. до 1863. године, врховни судија Врховног суда од 1857. до 1858. године и обављао је друге функције. Његов харизматичнији млађи брат, принц Александар Лихолихо, изабран је 1854. за краља Камехамеха IV. 1862. године званично га је наследио изменом амандман на Устав Краљевине Хаваја из 1852. године. Лот и његови наследници, праћени његовом сестром принцезом Викторијом и њеним наследницима, успели би ако би један брат умро без легитимног наследника. Промена устава је извршена непосредно пре смрти принца Алберта Камехамехе, јединог сина краља Камехамеха IV.

Нови устав и нови закони
На власт је дошао 30. новембра 1863. године након смрти свог брата, али је одбио да подржи претходни устав 1852. године. Конкретно, одбио је да дозволи да овај устав даје опште мушко право гласа на изборима за Доњи дом. У мају 1864. позвао је на уставну конвенцију. 7. јула 1864, уместо да мења стари, он је предложио нови устав. Конвенција је текла глатко до 62. члана. Ограничила је гласаче да буду становници који су положили тест писмености и поседовали имовину или су имали квалификације за приход. Потписао је устав Краљевине Хаваја 20. августа 1864. године, и положио заклетву да ће је заштитити. Устав је заснован на оригиналном нацрту, али је избрисано 20 чланова. Када је децембра 1863. именовао Шарла де Варигнија, француског држављанина, министром за трезор, Американци на хавајима били су уверени да је водио антиамеричку политику. У стварности је његова спољна политика остала иста. Варигни је касније постао министар спољних послова од 1865. до 1869.

Био је први краљ који је подстакао оживљавање традиционалних пракси. Под његовом владавином су укинути закони против "кахунаизма". Основана је хавајска медицинска ординација са члановима Кахуна и поново је вежбана ла'ау лапа'ау, или хавајска медицина. Довео је практиканте Кахуне у Хонолулу да документују њихове лекове.

1865. године у законодавном телу је усвојен закон којим се алкохол продаје родним Хавајцима. Камехамеха V је изненадио предлагаче закона и рекао: "Никада нећу потписати смртну пресуду својих људи". Алкохолизам је био један од многих узрока ионако опадајуће популације домаћих Хавајаца.

Развој туризма

Раст путовања долазака на острва повећао се током владавине Камехамеха V. Марк Твен допутовао је бродом Ајах у марту 1866. Остао је четири месеца под правим именом, Самјуел Лангхорн, и писао је писма за Сакраменто Унион описујући острва. Твен је описао краља:

Краљица Викторија послала је свог другог сина принца Алфреда, војвода од Сакс-Кобург и Гота у државну посету 1869. године. Алфред је апеловао на кајзера Вилхелма I из Немачке, који је послао Хенрија Бергера да организује краљевски хавајски бенд, поклон музике од краља свом народу.

Крај владавине
Његова сестра и једина престолонаследница, принцеза Викториа Камамалу, умрла је без деце 1866. године, а Камехамеха V није именовао наследника током остатка владавине. Умро је 11. децембра 1872. године, док су припреме за његову рођенданску забаву биле у току. Када је Лот био прикован за кревет, он је онима који су га посетили одговорио: "Добри Господ ме данас не може узети, данас ми је рођендан". Престо је понудио својој рођаки Бернике Пауахи Бишоп, која је то одбила и умро сат времена касније не именујући наследника. Сахрањен је у Краљевском маузолеју на Хавајима у Мауна Ала.

Био је последњи владајући монарх из куће Камехамеха, који је био под именом Камехамеха. Пре његове смрти, Камехамеха V.

Престо припада Луналилу; Нећу га именовати јер га сматрам недостојним положаја. Ако не дам номинацију, устав предвиђа избор следећег краља; нека буде тако. "Без наследника након његове смрти, законодавство би изабрало следећег монарха. Камехамеха против рођака Вилијама Чарлса Луналила, рођено по мајци Камехамеха, расписао је опште изборе и победио. Законодавно тело се сложило и Луналило је постао први изабрани краљ хавајског краљевства.

Наслеђе
Основао је друштво краљевског реда Камехамеха V, 11. априла 1865 које је добило име у част његовог деде.

По њему је назван фестивал Принце Лот Хула. Одржао се треће суботе у јулу од 1977. године у његовом бившем дому званом Моаналуа Гарденс.

У фебруару 1847. године, ученица Краљевске школе Абигаил Махеха протјерана је и удата у на брзину договорени брак због скандалозне трудноће. Неки нагађају да је шеснаестогодишњи Камехамеха V или његов седамнаестогодишњи брат Мосес Кекуаива био отац Абигаилине ћерке Кеанолани, која је оставила живо потомство. Докази који поткрепљују ову тврдњу су његова финансијска подршка Кеаупуни супругу Абигаиле, и прикривени разговори које су кувари водили са Абигаил и Лотом месецима пре откривања трудноће, и забелешке истргнуте из времена његовог школског дневника.

Види још
 Краљевина Хаваји
 Династија Камехамеха
 Списак владара Хаваја

Референце

Литература

Спољашње везе

 Kamehameha, The Lonely One
 Geography of Hawaii

Рођени 1830.
Умрли 1872.
Династија Камехамеха
Историја Хаваја

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Sons of God
Words from the Great Men of the Faith
By: John Wesley, George Whitefield, Charles Finney, Charles Spurgeon, George Muller
Narrated by: Charles Olsen
Categories: Religion & Spirituality, Christianity
5 out of 5 stars 5.0 (1 rating)
By: John Wesley,George Whitefield,Charles Finney,Charles Spurgeon,George Muller
Finney Gold
Words That Helped Birth Revival
By: Charles G Finney
Narrated by: Tim Côté
This book contains six of Charles Finney's sermons. Each one powerful and sharp and truly deadly to the flesh. He was an amazing preacher and his legacy lives on. May this book encourage you onward to holiness and fervent passion for Jesus Christ, for why else listen to this book? We should desire more of god and each bit of food we take in from the great men of god of old should only stir us to greater spiritual maturity.
Rich lessons of spiritual understanding
By C. J. Stocking on 22-09-19
By: George Whitefield
Narrated by: James Foreman
Curious about George Whitefield? This fiery preacher sparked spiritual revival during the days the United States was but the American Colonies. His insight into biblical truths lives on, and even in the 21st century, we are able to hear the works of this great man of God.
Letters to the Church
By: Francis Chan
Narrated by: Ramon de Ocampo
Millions are satisfied to sit through hour-long, weekly religious services. Millions more have left the church, brokenhearted and cynical. But God is waking up his people - people who will risk everything and sacrifice anything to become the dynamic, powerful church seen in Scripture. We Are Church calls Christ-followers, young and old, to hold fast to their biblical roots while seeking radical change. Scripture promises an exuberant and unstoppable church. That wondrous early church of acts can be our reality today.
Letters of love of correction
By Aimen Burhan on 05-10-19
The Journal of John Wesley
By: John Wesley
Narrated by: Derek Perkins
John Wesley was an 18th-century preacher, theologian, and cleric who helped found the Methodist movement with his brother, Charles. Arguably one of the most important Christian voices of his day, Wesley wrote in his journal on a daily basis, capturing his views, thoughts, feelings, and prayers on paper to share with the world. The journal contains 50 years' worth of this great man's reflections and experiences and is widely considered one of the great spiritual classics.
By Rob Medway on 28-08-19
Smith Wigglesworth on Manifesting the Power of God
Walking in God's Anointing Every Day of the Year
By: Smith Wigglesworth
Smith Wigglesworth was an ordinary man who walked in the continuous miracle-working power of God. He reveals that the key to manifesting God's power is understanding this one essential key - how to let God's anointing rest upon you! In this exciting audiobook, featuring previously unpublished material, Wigglesworth shares Bible secrets that will help unlock the anointing within you and show you how to operate in a greater expression of God's miraculous power!
THERE IS MORE
Letters from a Senior to a Junior Devil
By: C. S. Lewis
Narrated by: Joss Ackland
>The Screwtape Letters, now in its 70th anniversary year, is an iconic classic on spiritual warfare and the power of the devil. This profound and striking narrative takes the form of a series of letters from Screwtape, a devil high in the Infernal Civil Service, to his nephew Wormwood, a junior colleague engaged in his first mission on Earth trying to secure the damnation of a young man who has just become a Christian. Although the young man initially looks to be a willing victim, he changes his ways and is 'lost' to the young devil.
Those pesky spirits and their ways
By A. Halfacre on 12-12-14
Good Morning, Holy Spirit
By: Benny Hinn
Narrated by: William Crockett
One cold winter night in Toronto, the Holy Spirit entered Benny Hinn's life in such a dramatic way that he was changed forever. The same thing can happen to you. Join the millions of others who have experienced Good Morning, Holy Spirit, and discover if you are ready to meet the Holy Spirit intimately and personally, willing to listen to His voice, and prepared to know Him as a person. In this revised and expanded edition of Good Morning, Holy Spirit, Benny Hinn shares the insights and the truths that God has taught him through the years.
By Mr. Farai N. Maphosa on 27-12-18
Ever Increasing Faith: The Expanded Edition
This book contains the classic Ever Increasing Faith along with additional works of Wigglesworth, including In a Hard Place, How to be Transformed, and Flames of Fire. This audiobook has the potential of supercharging one's faith to believe God for the impossible. May you truly be blessed as you listen to this book!
Inspired Practical Biblical Message
By bill on 05-03-18
Heavenly Authority
The Right of the Believer
By: John G Lake
John G Lake was radically charged by God for the work of ministry in the early 20th century. A true testimony of one yielded vessel filled with the power of God by the Holy Spirit, this mere man shook tens of thousands of lives with the simple teaching that "Jesus is a present-day healer". In this audiobook, you will hear the testimonies of mighty miracles, life-changing encounters, and pure wisdom from a man who was consecrated to Jesus Christ.
Seeking the Kingdom First
Charles Finney Sermons
By: Charles Finney
Narrated by: Steven Lambert
The injunction to seek God's kingdom first, implies that we seek it first in point of time. It should be the first thing attended to. It is not merely to be admitted as of first importance, but should really be put first in point of time. The first thoughts of each morning should be given to it. And whenever God's word, or his providence brings before our mind the invitations or the claims of this kingdom, we are to remember that now is the accepted time.
The Autobiography of George Müller
By: George Müller
Through faith in the Lord Jesus alone can we obtain forgiveness of our sins and be at peace with God; but, believing in Jesus, we become, through this very faith, the children of God; have God as our Father; and may come to him for all the temporal and spiritual blessings we need. When he trusted in an extraordinary God, George Müller discovered endless possibilities and helped thousands of people throughout his lifetime.
Powerful autobiography showing the power of prayer
The Anointing
In The Anointing, Benny Hinn shows those of you who hunger for this precious anointing on your life how to prepare for it and the marvelous effects God's touch will have on your life. The Anointing picks up where the international best seller Good Morning, Holy Spirit leaves off - leading you to a vital, life-changing experience with the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit and introducing you to the power of God so you can act in that power.
Paradise Lost & Paradise Regained
Two BBC Radio 4 Dramatisations
By: John Milton
Narrated by: Denis Quilley, full cast, Ian McDiarmid, and others
A BBC Radio 4 dramatisation of Milton's epic poem telling the story of the fall of man and also its sequel, Paradise Regained. First published in 1667, Paradise Lost describes Satan's plot to ruin God's new and most favoured creation, mankind, and recounts the temptation of Adam and Eve and their banishment from the Garden of Eden. Paradise Regained, published in 1671, tells of the temptation of Christ by Satan as he wanders in the wilderness for 40 days and nights.
Beautifully performed...
By TheNameless on 24-09-18
Walking in the Dust of Rabbi Jesus
How the Jewish Words of Jesus Can Change Your Life
By: Lois Tverberg
Narrated by: Pam Ward
In this unabridged audio download of Walking in the Dust of Rabbi Jesus, Lois Tverberg challenges readers to follow their Rabbi more closely by re-examining his words in the light of their Jewish context. Doing so will provide a richer, deeper understanding of his ministry, compelling us to live differently, to become more Christ-like. We'll begin to understand why his first Jewish disciples abandoned everything to follow him, to live out his commands. Our modern society, with its individualism and materialism, is very different than the tight-knit, family-oriented setting Jesus lived and taught in.
Eye opening
By Felicia Linch on 22-08-18
What God Gives to Us
Smith Wigglesworth was a man who flowed in the gifts of the Spirit. Miracles, signs, and wonders were common place in his meetings and many thousands were impacted by his ministry. Truly, if Smith was alive today, he would tell you that it was all by the grace of God. He was a common soul who encountered the infinite God and was radically transformed. This book contains many of his teachings on the gifts of the Spirit.
Why Revival Tarries
By: Leonard Ravenhill
Leonard Ravenhill's call to revival is as timely now as it was when it was published over 50 years ago. The message is fearless and often radical as he expounds on the disparity between the New Testament church and the church today. Why Revival Tarries contains the heart of his message. AW Tozer called Ravenhill "a man sent from God" who "appeared at [a] critical moment in history", just as the Old Testament prophets did. Included are questions for group and individual study.
The Selected Sermons of Charles Spurgeon, Volume 1, Sermons 1-10
By: Charles Spurgeon
Narrated by: Wayne Edwards
By the time of his death in 1892 Charles Spurgeon had preached nearly 3,561 sermons as well as 49 volumes of commentaries, sayings, anecdotes, illustrations, and devotions. His writings were so prolific and his sermons so numerous that for years after his death many of his sermons still continued to be published on a yearly basis.
God's Anointed Servant in the Great Revival of the Eighteenth Century
By: Arnold A. Dallimore
Narrated by: Bob Souer
This fast-paced, inspirational narrative reveals how God used one man of great courage, discipline, and humility to bring countless souls to Christ. God's accomplishments through George Whitefield are to this day virtually unparalleled. In an era when many ministers were timid and apologetic in their preaching, he preached the gospel with aggressive zeal and undaunted courage. In the wake of his fearless preaching, revival swept across the British Isles, and the Great Awakening transformed the American colonies.
A forgotten figure for many
By Nefyn on 24-04-17
There have been such great works produced in the earth for the glory of Jesus Christ. It seems almost overwhelming at times to gaze upon the sea of wisdom left by the greats of the faith. Of all such, which should we choose? Which should we feast upon?
Sons of God is a book that holds the works of some of the greatest men of God to ever live. It was produced for the purpose of allowing men and women to hear not only the works of one man, but multiple men, of different denominations - for the glory of God. Enjoy and rejoice as you listen to such blessed works for your own spiritual growth and advancement.
©2016 GodSounds, Inc. (P)2016 GodSounds, Inc.
The Holy Spirit and Power
Wandering Thoughts
Yes, Only to the Right Person
Great Cloud of Witnesses Speak
The Spirit of Prayer
Sharon Wickey
Men of the great revival
I love hearing and reading about the great preachers and men of the great revival. Their sermons in their lives have always been a great inspiration to me and my family. I would highly recommend this book , however the narrator lacks enthusiasm . So I had to give it a four-star. I have heard excellent narrators read some of the old preachers. However this is not one of the great narrators. Great preachers deserves a better reading of their texts, sermons, and writings. My apologies to the narrator . No offense . I know it is very difficult to have the proper emotions to great sermons. Be in great prayer about it.


Though I make a living as a technical writer and editor, I love all kinds of fiction. My favorite genres are Science Fiction and Fantasy, but not always in that order.
In this section you will find my thoughts, links and musings on the Science Fiction genre. You will also find some samples of my past and current projects.
Feel free to let me know what you think, good or bad.
Belated winner of the Writers Hood Write A Picture Contest 2000!
Original Challenge the Writers at Writer's Hood Science Fiction 2001!
In this section you'll find experimental fiction samples. All of these are experiments that I'm using to further develop my writing skills. You will see samples of plot building, organization tools, character development, and other tools that help me as a writer.
For example, in the Spaceport you will find examples of characters and how they relate and interact with others in the settings I have designed. The Spaceport is a fictional space-station hub where many humans and other races intermingle while waiting for their transports to other solar systems. You can click on any character and read their physical description, location and how they might link to another character.
As soon as this is available, I invite you to click on and read about the many different characters. Perhaps one of these experiments will some day be the background for a short story, or a novel. I hope that one of these experiments entertains and helps you to be a better writer. If I help you to think of a great story idea, please let me know (not that I want credit, just a thank you would be great).
Click on the above genre links for free fiction and for reviews of novels.
The newly designed site is coming along and I like what I see. I hope you do too!
The latest Writer's Hood should be up (fingers crossed). Either way, stop by and read up on some great free fiction. Click here to jump to the site: www.writershood.com.
DragonCon will begin this day, hope to see you there! Stop by some of my writer panels and see what we have to say about writing, publishing and the state of the industry!


A global study from Greenpeace and a software company found that India, Bangladesh and Pakistan had the most polluted air.
The midterm elections brought in a new wave of governors with aggressive plans to cut emissions and expand low-carbon energy. Now, those plans are being implemented.
A reader talks about a changed environment after the wildfires.
They're not as shiny as diamonds, but smog free rings are considered sustainable and ethical — and they're also much more affordable.
Sulfurous pollution from a chemical factory is blowing across a disputed border with Crimea in Ukraine, forcing evacuations on both sides.
Legal experts say the review of a costly but effective coal-plant restriction is part of a broader strategy to rethink the way the E.P.A. calculates the benefits of its rules.
A documentary follows young scientists as they try to create solutions to environmental threats.


But you make pain into something I could touch.
I think I'd be better off without you here.
And I bet you're sweet and hard to get over.
So I'll cry and people will stop and stare.
And waiting is all I seem to do.
Cause I never get it unless I'm fed it.
But this time i'll just have to.
Yeah this time i'll just have to.
Say you're not around, Am I finished?
If you're not around, thats too bad.
Hope youre safe and sound, not alone now.
Cause you know I believe in you.


text:
Q: Postulate of wave function collapse and entanglement Can we say that a measurement on a system of $k$ entangled particles is the cause of the collapse of the wave function into $k$th states simultaneously?

A: The following state is the GHZ entangled state for 3 particles:
$$|\mathrm{GHZ}\rangle=\frac{1}{\sqrt2}(|000\rangle+|111\rangle)$$
where each ket $|q_1q_2q_3\rangle$ represents the state of the first, second and third particle in that order. In this case, the particles that can only be in two states $0$ or $1$.
If you measure (or "collapse") one of the particles in the GHZ state (in the basis given above), you will know the state of the other two. For example, if you measure the first particle to be in state $0$, you know already that particles #2 and #3 are also in state $0$.
Now if you have a W entangled state, such as:
$$|\mathrm{W}\rangle=\frac{1}{\sqrt3}(|001\rangle+|010\rangle+|100\rangle),$$
measuring the state of a single particle will not necessarily disentangle the other particles. Example: Let us say that you collapse the first particle and you measure $0$, then the other two particles remain maximally entangled in the following Bell state:
$$|\Psi^+\rangle=\frac{1}{\sqrt2}(|01\rangle+|10\rangle).$$
So no, collapsing the state of a single particle does not necessarily disentangle (or "collapse") the rest (in this basis).

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


This area of your property is often overlooked, even though outdoor renovation frequently offers the biggest bang for your remodeling buck! Your outdoor space should be complimented by outdoor elements from the landscaping to the built-in outdoor kitchen (sometimes referred to as the grilling area). Current spaces can be upgraded with simple items such as a new finish on concrete or new outdoor lighting. If you're ready for a little more, consider that adding a deck, pool or porch in your backyard can be just the thing to bring your family outside for some fun in the sun!
Below are just some of the Porch and Deck Construction projects we've done in Oakwood, Kettering, Centerville, Bellbrook, Vandalia, Beavercreek, Springboro, Miamisburg, and Yellow Springs.
This home, built in 1925, now has the open patio area it deserves. Everything was built to match the home's historic feel and structure. Columns, bead board and other finishes match the original features of the home, and it was finished off with a fire pit and ceiling fan to combat any temperature. This patio can be used year-round as the perfect spot to relax and entertain guests.
A two story deck using a composite material that will not splinter, check or crack. The handrail and columns are powder coated aluminum. The beams and soffit are wrapped with a cement board. Giving the exposed surfaces of this deck greater protection from the elements. The deck's second story is built to hold a hot tub.
This large deck with ample bench seating is suited for gatherings of family & friends around the Barbecue.


text:
Local DSE prep Lifestyle Health Technology World China Junior Standard
Nuclear plant suppliers sued: Thousands seek damages for lack of safety at Fukushima atomic site 2014.03.17
CLASS action lawsuit against nuclear suppliers General Electric, Toshiba and Hitachi has grown to more than 4,000 claimants.
They are seeking damages over the Fukushima (福島) atomic disaster, the lead lawyer said on Wednesday.
The claimants from Japan and 32 other countries including the United States (美國), Germany (德國) and South Korea (南韓) want the US and Japanese (日本) nuclear power plant suppliers to pay compensation, lawyer Akihiro Shima told media in Tokyo (東京).
His comments came one day after the third anniversary of the world's worst nuclear disaster in a generation.
The filing asks for a largely symbolic 100 yen (HK$7.56) per claimant. It was described by Shima as the first lawsuit to be brought against nuclear power-plant suppliers over the 2011 accident.
It alleges that the firms did not make necessary safety updates to the stricken site, which was swamped by an earthquake-sparked tsunami. Embattled plant operator Tokyo Electric Power is facing massive lawsuits and compensation costs.
"General Electric, Toshiba and Hitachi failed to implement safety improvements to the four-decade-old boiling water reactors at the Fukushima Dai-ichi power plant," a statement issued on Wednesday alleged.
"The lawsuit is intended to bring attention to the system that protects the nuclear industry around the world," it added.
The lawsuit was first filed in Tokyo District Court in January with just over 1,000 claimants, but many more have joined as word has spread.
Under Japanese law, nuclear plant suppliers are usually exempt from damage claims in the event of an accident.
"It is not our policy to comment on pending legal actions," GE's Japanese unit said in a statement.
But it added that the plant, which GE helped design, "has performed reliably for more than 40 years".
Toshiba and Hitachi both declined to comment.
Japan on Tuesday marked the third anniversary of the quake-tsunami disaster which swept away 18,000 victims, destroyed coastal communities and triggered a nuclear crisis. Remembrance ceremonies were held in towns and cities around the disaster zone and in the capital Tokyo.
atomic_disaster fukushima japan nuclear
The cherry watc...
In Japan (日本), cherry blosso...
Winning hearts ...
To many, winning is the ultima...
Emperor set to ...
JAPAN'S Emperor Akihito (日本...
Nuclear dilemma...
CHINA is coming to a crossroad...


Suitable for small spaces and training groups of up to 8 people. The construction is composed of 3 modules: two 1180 mm wide and one 1720 mm wide. The rig in this version has 4 bars which can be used for training simultaneouslyand 2 squat/bench stations.
33.7 mm or 30 mm diameter bars with adjustable height. Comes with a set of 4 hooks.


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19th Century Stories
This is a list of great 19th century literature for children.
There is a reason much of classical literature is from the 1800's. The culture and language is similiar to the modern era. Children can relate to the characters more readily than they might understand someone from the middle ages. But at the same time, the era is distant from us. They represent our ancestors who did not have cars, phones, or computers.
Since there is an abundance of classical literature from that era, this list of 19th century literature will be under development for a while. You may also notice some overlap between these pages and the reading lists by grade.
A Gathering of Days
by Joan W. Blos
Rural New Hampshire
Catherine and her best friend Cassie live in adjacent farms near the small town of Meredith, New Hampshire where rumblings of the tension between the Southern and Northern states will never affect them. But then a man appears in their woods and needs their help. The two girls disagree at first about the right thing to do. Catherine learns that change is a part of life - the communities and her own. Soon she will have to face changes without her friend.
Hans Brinker
Previously titled "The Silver Skates"
Mary Mapes Dodge
Hans hopes to win the coveted silver skates which will be awarded to the winner of the ice skating race. But the money he is saved to purchase skates is needed to pay the doctor to treat his ill father. A heroic story.
Sarah Whitcher's Story
By Elizabeth Yates
A true story
The story of a pioneer community that unites to find a girl lost in the wilderness, and the faith of her father to keep believing when hope seems lost
The Black Schooner
By Emma Gelders Sterne
Africa/Connecticut
True story of the revolt on a slave ship and the trial of those involved. Also titled "The Story of the Amistad" after the ship.
Keep the Lights Burning Abbie
By Carol Ryrie Brink
Off the coast of Maine
Story of a lighthouse and the light keepers daughter
By Fred Gibson
Hill country of Texas
Story of a pioneer family and their dog
Little House Books
By Laura Ingalls Wilder
True story of a pioneer family, in a series of books about the family in the late 1800's. As the 19th century turned into the 20th century, Laura realized that the pioneer life was disappearing. She wrote these stories so her grandchildren could understand life in the 19th century.
Movie and TV series
More titles following this family are listed in sets of classic literture.
Caddie Woodlawn
Historical fiction - based on author's grandmother
Entertaining story of a spirited pioneer tom-boy
By Louise May Alcott
Four sisters grow to maturity, leaving their childhood home but staying about of each others' lives. Read more about the stories of the March sisters in sets of classic literture.
By Johanna Spyri
An orphan is taken to live with her hermit grandfather on the Swiss Alps. Later she is moved to the city with a wealthy family where she yearns for her life on the mountain.
Sarah Plain and Tall
By Patricia MacLachlan
Late 1800's
Kansas Prairie
Mail order bride, a widower and his two children
By Francis Hodgkin Burnett
A story of a British heiress attending a private boarding school in London who loses her father and her fortune.
By Frances Hodgson Burnett
An orphan becomes the heir of an earl
By E Nesbit
Turn of the Century
Three happy siblings in a wealthy family lose their fortune when there father disappears. They move to the country near an old railway station.
By Lucy Maud Montgomery
The delightful story of an orphan child who goes to live with on a country farm. More adventures of Anne await her fans. See her other stories in sets of classic literture.
Rebecca of Sunnybrooke Farm
by Kate Douglas Wiggin
Maine, 1890's
Those who like Anne of Green Gables will also enjoy meeting Rebecca, the dark-haired dreamer from Sunnybrook Farm. Raised in poverty by her widowed mother, Rebecca leaves the farm to live with her spinster aunts who have little imagination or comprehension of their adventurous nieces.
By Eleanor Porter
An orphan girl moves in with her stern, wealthy aunt; and changes an entire town.
By Jean Webster
This story illustrates the changing culture at the turn of the century. Judy was raised in an orphanage, but now has the chance to go to college due to an anonymous donor. She describes her entrance into the wider world through a series of letters to him including her a socialist philosophy.
By Rudyard Kipling
From the author of Jungle Book, Captain Courageous tells the story of a wealthy tycoon who falls overboard ship and is miraculously rescued by a fishing boat. But what happens when the boy who has never worked in his life is required to work for his passage?
Thee Hannah
By Marguerite de Angeli
Young Hannah does not understand why her Quaker family does not allow some of the pretty clothing worn by other girls and desired by Hannah. However, when she is asked to help a mother and sick child trying to escape on the underground railroad, she begins to understand more of her family's ways.
by Herman Melville
A large novel of the epic battle between a whale and mankind. This accurately portrays life on board ship in the early 19th century. The unabridged version is too weighty for elementary and many middle school students; making abridged versions famous with boys who enjoy the story of the indefeatable whale.
Jubilee Trail
by Gwen Bristow
Middle School and Above
California before 1949
Garnet is a fashionable young woman yearning for freedom from the stifling class restraints. She is attracted to the adventurous life of Oliver who travels to and from California on the Jubilee Trail. Garnet marries him and joins him, never imagining the hardship, danger, and heartaches she will meet. She befriends Florinda, an actress fleeing a shadowy past. Due to some of the content and characters, this story would not be appropriate for young children (for instance, prostitutes on the trail, though no descriptive sexual scenes.) It will give middle school and older readers a glimpse at life on the trail and in California prior to 1849.
Letters from the Corrugated Castle: A Novel of Gold Rush California
by Joan Blos
California Gold Rush
Eldora is an orphan who has moved to California during the Gold Rush with her aunt and uncle - the only family she has ever known. An unexpected letter comes from a wealthy ranch owner stating Eldora is her daughter. With changes all around her, Eldora learns the true meaning of family and friends.
By Jules Verne
The calm, sensible, and highly predictable Phileas Fogg bets his fortune that he can beat the odds and travel around the globe in an unheard of 80 days (unheard of for the 1800's.) Has Fogg lost his senses, or is he really a the criminal the English detective thinks he is? A literary starting point for the casual study of cultures (don't take any of it tooooooo seriously) and geography.
More 19th Century Literature
Charles Dicken's Novels are 19th century stories from England. Starting in middle school, everyone should become familiar with these unforgettable characters.


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Q: Modeling user behavior in a system Consider a system, where each user enters the system, performs a series of predefined actions, and then exits.
For instance, consider a system with 5 predefined action. The action log of some user is detailed below:

enter, action 3, action 1, action 5, action 1, action 4, exit.

Notice that the order of actions matters.
Assume that we have the action logs for thousands of users, and we want to graphically model their behavior.

*

*What is the proper model, and

*How can we translate the action logs into this model?

More info.
The Markov chain does not seem to be right, as Markov chains are memoryless, while in our system, the user remembers his/her actions, and decides on the next action based on the complete history after entering the system.
I guess Bayesian networks might be the appropriate choice, but I'm not sure. Specifically, I'm not sure if the acyclicity of Bayesian networks imposes a restriction on the desired model.

A: How are you envisioning this fitting into a graphical framework? What would each node represent? Under a Markov model each node would be a possible action at a given time. In your case if you're saying a Markov model doesn't work, then the number of edges will be exponentially large.
An important bottom line here is that you're going to have to make some kind of simplification to your model, either based on your prior beliefs about the process or maybe your end goal. But if you're trying to model the probability of each action conditional on the entire sequence of previous actions, that's just too many parameters to fit unless the data set is very large, the action space is small and the sequences are short.
But more importantly for how you want to model this is: what exactly is your goal? Are you trying to understand what specific users are going to do next? Are you trying to segment the users by type? Are you trying to understand the factors that affect a user doing something specific like exiting early or making a purchase? Those will all take your modeling in very different directions.
If what you're interested in is the probability of the next action at any time, then you will probably want to look into markov-like models, possibly with a memory of more than one unit of time. Try exploring how far back the memory goes, i.e. at what point in the past is that action not a significant predictor of the next one.
If you're tying to understand factors that affect probability of doing something specific over the course of the user's tenure, I would start by generating some hypotheses and just test them with logistic regression models.
If your goal is something different than either of those, then that should directly impact how you model this data.

A: I would model as an event diagram. Imagine 7 vertical lines -- entry, one for each action, and exit. Horizontal rows indicate time passed since entrance. In your example, you'll have 7 rows. Draw a line from leftmost line on row 1 (entrance) to fourth line (action 3) on the second row, etc. until termination at exit on row 7 and rightmost line.


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Biografia
Susan E. Morse, conosciuta semplicemente come Sandy Morse, cominciò a lavorare come montatrice di film all'età di 27 anni, esordendo con il cult movie  I guerrieri della notte. Conobbe Woody Allen, e a partire dal 1977 iniziò con lui una stretta collaborazione, cominciando come assistente di montaggio per Io e Annie, fino a diventare montatrice principale per Manhattan. Insieme a Allen monterà tutti i suoi film a partire dal 1980 sino al 1999 (Stardust Memories, Una commedia sexy in una notte di mezza estate, Zelig,  Broadway Danny Rose, La rosa purpurea del Cairo, Hannah e le sue sorelle, Radio Days, Settembre, Un'altra donna, Crimini e misfatti, Ombre e nebbia, Mariti e mogli, Misterioso omicidio a Manhattan, Pallottole su Broadway, La dea dell'amore, Tutti dicono I Love You, Harry a pezzi e Celebrity). Dopo lo scandalo di Woody Allen, Susan decise di intraprendere una carriera solitaria per altri film quali Scrivimi una canzone e Last night.

Riconoscimenti
 Premio Oscar
 Candidatura al miglior montaggio per Hannah e le sue sorelle

Collegamenti esterni


It's northern Florida. A group of paranormal investigators enters the old Castle Warden Hotel and a local fire department to investigate spiritual anomalies reported by local people. They scrutinize the stories told around town, look at previously gathered evidence and explore the dark corners of these haunted sites. What they see and hear on their night visits is super creepy. But is it real?


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Democrats narrowly miss sweep of statewide offices
Democrats...
LAS VEGAS (AP) - Final election results Tuesday confirmed a Democratic sweep of almost all statewide offices, taking control of the governor's office for the first time in two decades and flipping seats in the offices of lieutenant governor, attorney general, treasurer and controller.
Republican Secretary of State Barbara Cegavske, who presented the final results to the Nevada Supreme Court for a canvass of the votes Tuesday, was the only Republican to win statewide.
The results show Cegavske won a second term by 6,329 votes over Democratic state Assemblyman Nelson Araujo.
Clark County Commission Chair Steve Sisolak was elected governor, Kate Marshall will take the reins as lieutenant governor and Catherine Byrne ousted incumbent Ron Knecht as state controller.
Sisolak vowed in his campaign to stand up to President Donald Trump and the National Rifle Association. In his role as county commissioner, he rose to prominence following the 2017 mass shooting in Las Vegas, starting an online fundraiser that amassed millions for victims.
Cegavske, a 67-year-old former convenience store franchise operator from Las Vegas, previously served 12 years in the state Senate and six years in the state Assembly.
In the attorney general's race, Senate majority leader Aaron Ford pulled off a narrow win over former assistant state attorney general Wes Duncan by about 4,500 votes. Joel Hansen of the Independent American Party captured 3 percent of the vote.
Ford, a 46-year-old attorney from Las Vegas, was elected to the state Senate in 2012 and re-elected in 2016.
In the race for state treasurer, Zach Conine defeated Bob Beers, a Republican former state lawmaker and Las Vegas City Council member. Conine, who captured 48 percent of the vote to Beers' 47 percent, said in a statement after the election that he wants to use the office to promote financial literacy and higher education.
Overall, the final results show there were 975,980 ballots cast, with more than half coming duri
Overall, the final results show there were 975,980 ballots cast, with more than half coming during a two-week early voting period. Turnout represented 62 percent of active voters, which is a well above the 46 percent turnout in the last midterm election in 2014.
This year, a network of liberal groups and a political infrastructure set up by former longtime Nevada Sen. Harry Reid helped turn out Democratic voters, especially in the party's stronghold of Clark County, which includes Las Vegas and the majority of the state's population.
Your 20 Worst Lunchtime Mistakes and How to Fix Them Gallery
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Temple business school dean forced out over falsified data
Couple who prayed for healing plead guilty in baby's death
Aviation crash reported in Virginia residential area
Capital staffer remembered as 'smart, beautiful, talented'
Nevada inmate wants his death sentence, painful or not
Daredevil Travis Pastrana replicates Evel Knievel's jumps


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Поляны — деревня в составе Пронинского сельского округа Дмитриевского сельского поселения Галичского района Костромской области России.

География
Деревня расположена недалеко от места впадения реки Кистеги в Тёбзу, у источника Камешник.

История
Согласно Спискам населённых мест Российской империи в 1872 году деревня относилась к 2 стану Галичского уезда Костромской губернии. В ней числилось 28 дворов, проживало 100 мужчин и 120 женщин.

Согласно переписи населения 1897 года в деревне проживало 178 человек (65 мужчин и 113 женщин).

Согласно Списку населённых мест Костромской губернии в 1907 году деревня относилась к Селецкой волости Галичского уезда Костромской губернии. По сведениям волостного правления за 1907 год в ней числилось 45 крестьянских дворов и 218 жителей. Основными занятиями жителей деревни были малярный промысел и сельскохозяйственные работы.

До муниципальной реформы 2010 года деревня входила в состав Пронинского сельского поселения.

Примечания

Населённые пункты Галичского района (Костромская область)


Entrance, founded by NYC art kids Louis and Jack Shannon, grows its influence as an antidote to the art world bubble.
Jack and Louis Shannon in the residency studio space within their gallery, Entrance.
It's 7 p.m. on lower Ludlow Street in Manhattan, and disparate art world cliques begin gathering at the emerging gallery Entrance as if it were that evening's downtown equivalent of a high school assembly.
The uptown collectors arrived, deposited curbside by chauffeured cars; Brooklyn-based artists rode their bikes there across the Williamsburg Bridge; skaters with intellectualized T-shirt imprints rolled right up to the door, and the at-leisure independently wealthy had their Ubers leave them far up the block, so as to maintain their aura of dishevelment. There was also an adequate smattering of actors and fashion-types — with models towering well above skaters' moppet hairstyles.
But inside the space, opened by a brother duo — New York City art kids Louis and Jack Shannon, ages 27 and 26, respectively — the diverse crowd intermingled with ease, taking people-watching to be part of the fun, if not an opportunity for learned experience. Such is the Shannons' objective: To create an egalitarian "clubhouse" atmosphere established by artists, for artists.
The night marked the opening of "Rest Area," a show of experimental neon sculptures by the artist Mariko Makino— her first-ever solo show, and the first program to be staged in Entrance's recently expanded space, which now extends across two floors. Artist Dylan Kraus' show of oil paintings, called "The Shining," hung in the gallery's original space downstairs.
Entrance was established as an underground enterprise, both literally and metaphorically. The Shannons have occupied the basement space at 48 Ludlow Street — accessible by sidewalk storm doors — since 2009, when it was originally used as a landing space for the DIY art collective Luck You, which they cofounded alongside a handful of other artists.
Last summer, with Luck You disbanded, they turned the studio space into a gallery with "the mission to serve emerging art in New York City, including the immediate community around us," Louis Shannon said.
They remodeled the space to house a gallery in the front, and kept raw space at the back — now used as a residency studio by artists during their Entrance show runs. The studio also serves as an experimental print lab, with which Entrance is now developing an editions program to promote accessibility in the art world. "We want to be making things and help artists produce work. We don't want to just be showing work in dry, clean terms," Shannon said of the gallery's intent.
Last month, the Shannons took over the building's storefront space — formerly storage for an electrical supplier. Although Entrance is now coming out from the underground, so to speak, they aim to maintain its familial vibe — a component essential to the gallery's success. Despite a depressed market for emerging art, the "bootstrap operation" counts its "sincere and carefully considered," approach as a selling point for collectors. Entrance is currently a self-funded operation, with sales from its "successful" shows directly funding its continued ambitions.
The gallery regularly hosts dinner parties that play to its community mantra, with multi-course meals and plates devised as small artworks. "We will invite 10 to 20 artists to come eat with us, as well as collectors and curators — pretty much all pieces of the puzzle come down to break bread together. That's a dream of the space — finding common ground. Doing that over food works really well," Shannon said.
Makino — who majored in food studies at New York University — helped host one such dinner last year, which saw her co-develop a seven-course Kaiseki menu.
The artist tends to "get obsessed with a material and a craft and pushes it to its limits," Shannon said, explaining her recent meditations on neon.
Makino began studying Ikebana, a discipline of Japanese floral arrangement, in 2016 — and held a show of wonky, off-kilter arrangements in collaboration with her boyfriend Ary Warnaar, member of the electronic chiptune group Anamanaguchi, who crafted music to complement each floral design. The following year she began studying glassblowing so she could craft her own vases. The interest in neon soon followed, with Makino enrolling in a neon glassblowing and craftwork course last summer.
Her intuitive, poetic lights — shown on the floor — are created entirely by hand, with Makino wiring the lamps herself. They illuminate the gallery in soft shades of pink and blue, their neon gas piped through delicately misshapen tubes. "I wanted to create something beautiful to look at that also serves a function, like lighting your home. It's called 'Rest Area' because I wanted people to come hang on the carpet and take a moment to just sit down," she said of the show.
Makino placed a floral arrangement beside each light, set in vases that she constructed of glass and concrete. "I love complementing the lights with something that is alive," she said.


UBON RATCHATHANI, Thailand (REUTERS) - Leaders of Thailand's biggest opposition party campaigning on Monday (Feb 18) never mentioned ousted premier Thaksin Shinawatra, whose policies they espouse, nor the princess whose shock candidacy could see its ally banned from the March 24 election.
They didn't need to. Supporters in the north-eastern stronghold of the Pheu Thai party are well aware of the complexities of the first general election since a 2014 coup - and are determined to return their party to power despite electoral rules limiting their voting power.
"How long have you all waited, how long have you all suffered?" asked Sudarat Keyuraphan, Pheu Thai's top prime ministerial candidate, asked supporters during a campaign stop in Ubon Ratchathani province.
"We all have to wait just a little while, until March 24. That day will be a day of victory for all of us!" she told the cheering crowd.
Pheu Thai is the largest of several parties in the election linked to former prime minister Thaksin Shinawatra, who was ousted in a 2006 coup and lives in self-exile after a corruption conviction he says was politically motivated.
The party and its offshoots retain support among rural farmers and the poor for their social welfare programmes, but they face an uphill battle in the election, with new rules that prevent any one party gaining a big majority.
Junta leader Prayut Chan-o-cha, who as army chief in 2014 ousted the last civilian government, is also running, as the prime ministerial candidate of a new pro-military party.
Pro-Thaksin parties have won every election since 2001, but after Thaksin was ousted, their successive governments have been ended either by court rulings or coups, with the most recent military takeover ousting a Pheu Thai government that Thaksin's sister, Yingluck, had led.
After nearly five years in power, the junta is in the process of choosing all 250 members of the Senate, which will elect a prime minister along with the 500-seat House of Representatives, putting pro-military forces at a significant advantage even before election.
Supporters of Pheu Thai say the new rules are aimed at ridding the country of Thaksin's influence once and for all. The party has to distance itself from the former telecommunications tycoon because the law on political parties forbids outsiders from controlling or directing them.
But Thaksin's loyalists in Udon Ratchathani were undeterred.
"I think Pheu Thai will win by a landslide, despite what's happened, and regardless of the military-appointed Senate," said Kriangsak Lamun, 64.
Mathematically, however, Pheu Thai's chances of regaining power would be reduced even if it is the top vote-getter if one of its allied parties, Thai Raksa Chart, is disqualified.
Thai Raksa Chart stunned the nation and electrified supporters on Feb 8 with the surprise nomination of the king's older sister, Princess Ubolratana Rajakanya Sirivadhana Barnavadi, as its sole prime ministerial candidate, breaking tradition of royalty shunning politics.
The nomination drew a swift rebuke from King Maha Vajiralongkorn, and the princess was disqualified by the Electoral Commission. Now, her nominating party faces a possible ban in a Constitutional Court decision due later this month.
Thai Raksa Chart is one of at least three pro-Thaksin parties contesting the elections to help scoop up seats under the complex electoral laws that limit the impact of the largest party.
With Pheu Thai likely to be hamstrung by those rules, other pro-Thaksin parties such as Thai Raksa Chart and the Pheu Chart party are intended to gain some of the proportionally awarded seats that favour smaller parties.
If Thai Raksa Chart is disqualified, that safety net may disappear - making the headline-grabbing nomination of the princess seem like a miscalculation.
Die-hard supporters of Thaksin's populist policies were mixed in their opinions about Thai Raksa Chart's recruiting royalty, revered as semi-divine in Thai culture, into politics.
Some said they admired the princess as a candidate, while others found it inappropriate.
"I don't think it was a good move... Royals should not get involved in politics," said Virat Laddabut, 55, though he said he wouldn't change his vote.
Another voter, Somchai Wongsa, said voters in the rural north-east would vote for pro-Thaksin parties whatever their name.
"It doesn't matter if Thai Raksa Chart is dissolved," he said.
"People here will still vote Pheu Thai. The party is as popular as ever."


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Home Latest News Global Depression Numbers Surged in Past Decade
Global Depression Numbers Surged in Past Decade
Louai Beshara—AFP
World Health Organization report says drop in productivity due to debilitating disorder has an annual estimated cost of $1 trillion worldwide.
Cases of depression have ballooned almost 20 percent in a decade, making the debilitating disorder linked to suicide the leading cause of disability worldwide, the World Health Organization said on Thursday.
By 2015, the number of people globally living with depression, according to a revised definition, had reached 322 million, up 18.4 percent since 2005, the U.N. agency said. "These new figures are a wake-up call for all countries to rethink their approaches to mental health and to treat it with the urgency that it deserves," WHO chief Margaret Chan said in a statement.
According to the agency's definition, depression is more than just a bout of the blues. It is a "persistent sadness and a loss of interest in activities that people normally enjoy, accompanied by an inability to carry out daily activities for two weeks or more."
Lack of energy, shifts in appetite or sleep patterns, substance abuse, anxiety, feelings of worthlessness and thoughts of self-harm or suicide are also common, and can wreak havoc on entire families. The drop in productivity, and other medical conditions often linked to depression, also takes a financial toll, with the global cost estimated at $1 trillion annually, the WHO said.
Shekhar Saxena, head of the agency's mental health and substance abuse department, said on Thursday that both psychosocial and medical treatments could be highly effective, insisting on the importance of reaching more of those in need.
Even in the most developed countries, around half of people suffering from depression are not diagnosed or treated, and the percentage soars to between 80 and 90 percent in less developed nations. Treatment can be difficult to access, while a fear of stigma also prevents many people from seeking the help required to live healthy and productive lives, the agency said.
According to the WHO, every dollar invested in improving access to treatment leads to a return of $4 in better health and productivity. And "early identification and treatment of depression is a very effective means of decreasing death by suicide," Saxena told reporters.
About 800,000 people commit suicide worldwide every year, amounting to one suicide every four seconds. And the link to depression is clear.
Saxena pointed to studies showing that 70 to 80 percent of people who commit suicide in high-income countries, and around half of those who kill themselves in low-income countries, suffer from mental disorders, of which depression is the most common.
Pakistan at Stake if Establishment Doesn't Take Right...
The Conversion Conundrum
Over 100mn Pakistanis Now Fully Vaccinated against COVID-19
Booster Shots of COVID-19 Vaccines Mandatory in Sindh


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BREAKING: Predators Trade P. K. Subban To The New Jersey Devils
(Photo by Ethan Miller/Getty Images)
Well, this certainly came out of nowhere.
On Saturday, the New Jersey Devils pulled off a trade for Predators star P.K. Subban who in return received Steven Santini, Jeremy Davies and two draft picks.
Source says P.K. Subban has been traded. Waiting for details on where.
— Pierre LeBrun (@PierreVLeBrun) June 22, 2019
The New Jersey Devils have acquired P.K. Subban
The 30-year-old scored nine goals and had 22 assists in 63 games last season.
Subban has three seasons remaining on the eight-year, $72 million deal he originally signed with the Montreal Canadiens in August 2014.
The Predators did NOT retain any salary on Subban's $9M salary and cap hit. New Jersey takes on the full contract


Traffic police in the Ontario town of Innisfil are inviting drivers to "scrooge the ticket" this holiday season by donating to a local food bank instead of paying off their parking tickets.
Last year, the first "Scrooge the Ticket" initiative was a huge success, collecting over USD 1,200 worth of toys, food and gift cards. This year, Innisfil is running it again: up till December 9, those who have been slapped with a parking ticket can opt to bring items of an equal or greater value than their fine to the town hall. Donations go to the Innisfil Community Church's Christmas Outreach Program.
Innisfil isn't the first to implement such an initiative. In America, cities in Colorado, Virginia and Kentucky have allowed parking violators to pay their fines with a donation to the food pantry.
The inventive idea makes a not-so-fun activity – paying a parking ticket fine – a gentle reminder that we can all do our part to contribute to the lives of those who are less fortunate. Residents who haven't received a parking ticket are welcome to donate as well.
"No one likes to get a parking ticket, but this is a thoughtful way to have our residents give generously to a great cause leading into the holiday season," Mayor Gord Wauchope said.


Cut broccoli into flowerets; cut stems into 1x1/2-inch pieces (4 cups). In 10-inch skillet, heat 1 inch water to boiling. Add broccoli. Heat to boiling. Boil 5 to 7 minutes or until crisp-tender; drain and set aside. Wipe out and dry skillet with paper towel.
In same skillet, heat oil over medium heat. Stir in remaining ingredients. Cook about 1 minute, stirring frequently, until hot. Add broccoli; toss gently.


This LED Video Light uses 160 pieces of LED lamps with 16 steps adjustment, perfect for camera/camcorder video shooting. The light gives you excellent lighting effects and great control to create the video and image you want.
Suitable for video taking, either for lights setup or supplement.
There are four filters included with this item, one white filter to soften the light (diffuse effect); and three colour filters to change the colour temperture.
Hot shoe design can be attached to the video cam or DC.
You can use the provided hand grip to hold the LED Light yourself instead of mounting to the light stand or camera hot shoe.


There are basically five (5) toasts and three (3) responses that are presented at the wedding reception. Some of these are "optional" and all toasting can be optional if you wish. Toasting is normally carried out during the "Coffee & Dessert" portion of the dinner.
The first toast is ALWAYS to the Bride. This toast is usually delivered by a friend of the Bride or of the bride's family. This should be someone who has witnessed the bride through her life and is able to comment on her growth from a child to a woman. Frequently this is an aunt or uncle for example.
This toast is traditionally delivered by the Best Man. Frequently this toast ends up to be more of a "roast" than a toast but is one of the "more popular toasts of the evening just because of the stories about the Groom that this toast usually includes.
This toast is delivered by a member of the Bride's family and is meant to "honor" the parents of the bride at this occasion. Frequently these days this toast is delivered by the Bride herself.
This "response" is to the above toast and is the opportunity for the Parent(s) of the Bride to "welcome" everyone and give a little thank you speech. This is also where the parents "welcome" the Groom into the family.
5. Toast to the Parents of the Groom – Same as above.
6. RESPONSE by the Parents of the Groom – Same as above.
Basically, the last toast of the celebration and is commonly presented by the Best Man and Maid of Honor together..
This is the final speech of the evening traditionally. This is where the Bride & Groom thank everyone for attending, particularly those guests that traveled a great distance, thank their wedding attendants, and present their comments to their guests.
You can add a number of additional toasts if you wish. These could include toasts to Grandparents etc.