Got a question or comment about Health in Niger? Ask a Travel Expert!
Malaria prophylaxis is recommended for all travellers in all areas of Niger and a yellow fever vaccination is required for all travellers arriving from countries with a risk of yellow fever transmission, and is recommended for all travel to Niger. A meningococcus vaccination is recommended for travel during the dry season, between November and June. Routine vaccinations and updates for hepatitis A, hepatitis B, varicella, polio, MMR (measles, mumps, rubella), tetanus-diphtheria, and typhoid are recommended. Those travellers who may be at risk of animal bites or may be coming into contact with bats should consider a rabies vaccination.
Medical facilities are extremely limited in Niger and travellers should ensure that they have comprehensive travel and health insurance. Bring medications in its original packaging, accompanied by a signed and dated letter from a doctor detailing what each medicine is and why it is required; carry a bag of essential medical supplies as well.
Never drink tap water in Niger unless it has been boiled, filtered or chemically disinfected. Travellers should be wary of food from street vendors, and should only eat cooked meals while they are still hot. Raw or undercooked meat and fish should not be eaten and fruit and vegetables should be cooked or peeled.


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Peter Bierl (* 1963) ist ein deutscher Journalist und Buchautor.

Leben
Peter Bierl studierte Politikwissenschaft, Soziologie und Psychologie an der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München. Er veröffentlichte einige Bücher und Aufsätze über Rosa Luxemburg und zu den Themen Nationalsozialismus sowie Anthroposophie, Esoterik und Umweltbewegung.

In den 1990er Jahren war Bierl Mitglied der Ökologischen Linken, trat aber wieder aus. In dieser Zeit war er Redaktionsmitglied der Verbandszeitung ÖkoLinX.

Bierl lebt im Großraum München und arbeitet als Journalist für verschiedene Zeitungen, unter anderem für Die Tageszeitung, Jungle World und die Süddeutsche Zeitung.

Rezeption

Das Buch "Wurzelrassen, Erzengel und Volksgeister"
Das 1999 veröffentlichte Buch befasste sich mit der Anthroposophie Rudolf Steiners und der Waldorfpädagogik. Laut der Kulturwissenschaftlerin Jana Husmann trug das Buch dazu bei, die Frage nach Rassismus bei Rudolf Steiner erneut in die Öffentlichkeit zu tragen. Die polemischen Auseinandersetzungen um "Ökofaschismus" waren Anfang der 1990er von Jutta Ditfurth angestoßen worden und waren in einer Debatte um Esoterik und Faschismus eingebunden. Prinzipiell habe Bierl im Werk Steiners rassistische, antijudaistische und antisemitische Aussagen nachweisen können. Allerdings hätte Bierl keine nähere kritisch systematische Auseinandersetzung geliefert. Die wurde später, so Jana Husmann, vom Religionswissenschaftler Georg Otto Schmidt und dem Historiker Helmut Zander wissenschaftlich präzisiert.

Scharfe Zurückweisung erhielt das Buch aus dem anthroposophischen Spektrum, wo Bierl durchgehend negativ rezipiert wurde. Im Zusammenhang mit Bierls Buch allerdings beauftragte die Anthroposophische Gesellschaft in den Niederlanden eine Kommission, die Schriften und Vorträge Rudolf Steiners auf rassistisch diskriminierende Äußerungen hin zu durchsuchen.

Das Buch "Schwundgeld, Freiwirtschaft und Rassenwahn"
Das Buch "Schwundgeld, Freiwirtschaft und Rassenwahn – Kapitalismuskritik von rechts: Der Fall Silvio Gesell" erschien 2012 und fasst die jahrzehntelange Recherche von Peter Bierl zu Silvio Gesell (1862–1930) zusammen.

Die Diplom-Mathematikerin Alwine Schreiber-Martens kritisierte Bierl in einer Rezension auf der von Werner Onken betreuten Website sozialoekonomie.info mit konstruktiv-kritischer Nähe zur Freiwirtschaftslehre Silvio Gesells: "Insgesamt macht Bierl mit diesem Buch erneut den Versuch, eine nicht-marxistische Analyse des Kapitalismus und dementsprechend andersartige Herangehensweisen zu seiner Überwindung in die braune Ecke abzuschieben. Stattdessen ist eine sachlich-differenzierte Auseinandersetzung erforderlich, die möglicherweise aber nicht wirklich gewollt wird, trotz des am Anfang des Buches geäußerten Anspruchs."

Der Wirtschaftswissenschaftler Alfred Müller bezog sich positiv auf Bierls Buch: "Es ist angesichts der Ausmerzungs- und Menschenzuchtvorstellungen Gesells und seiner Ansicht, die Menschen ließen sich in Rassen einteilen und stünden untereinander im interrassistischen Auslesewettbewerb, auf die «Frage, ob Gesell Sozialdarwinist, Eugeniker und Rassist war» wie Bierl mit ja zu antworten."

Bierl hatte in den Jahren zuvor mehrere Aufsätze zu Silvio Gesell veröffentlicht, unter anderem 2004 den Aufsatz Schwundgeld, Menschenzucht und Antisemitismus, der zu einer Kontroverse mit Werner Onken führte, dem Herausgeber des Gesamtwerkes von Silvio Gesell. Diese Kontroverse beschrieb der Soziologe Christian Thiel: "Wie andere ökonomische Ansätze, die sich allein auf die Zirkulationssphäre beschränkten, werde auch hier der Kapitalismus und die Macht des Geldes implizit mit den Juden personifiziert" (Bierl 2004, S. 11; Entgegnung bei Onken 2004). Werner Onken bemerkte dort selbstkritisch, der Einfluss von Darwin auf Gesell stelle "nach [seiner] Ansicht tatsächlich einen wunden Punkt der Bodenrechts- und Geldreformbewegung dar".

Veröffentlichungen (Auswahl)

 Einmaleins der Kapitalismuskritik (= Unrast transparent, Soziale Krise. Band 6). Unrast, Münster 2018, ISBN 978-3-89771-144-0.
 Keine Heimat nirgendwo. Eine linke Kritik der "Heimatliebe. Edition Critic, Berlin 2020, ISBN 978-3-946193-29-6.
 Die Revolution ist großartig. Was Rosa Luxemburg uns heute noch zu sagen hat. Unrast, Münster 2020, ISBN 978-3-89771-293-5.
 Unmenschlichkeit als Programm. Verbrecher Verlag, Berlin 2022, ISBN 978-3-95732-499-3.

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Journalist (Deutschland)
Person (Süddeutsche Zeitung)
Rudolf Steiner
Deutscher
Geboren 1963
Mann

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SCOAP3 Repository 7 records found Search took 0.09 seconds.
6. A geometric Monte Carlo algorithm for the antiferromagnetic Ising model with "topological" term at θ=π / Azcoiti, V. ; Cortese, G. ; Follana, E. ; Giordano, M.


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Q: Defining default @GeneratedValue Strategy for Symfony MakerBundle When using the MakerBundle in Symfony (4) to create new entity (make:entity EntityName), an id is generated by default with annotation (if annotations enabled) @GeneratedValue.
@GeneratedValue means @GeneratedValue(strategy="AUTO").
According to the Doctrine documentation, the AUTO strategy is supposed to use SERIAL type for the id in PostgreSQL. But, I do not know why in my case, the AUTO strategy use SEQUENCE for the id.
Then, I can force it to use SERIAL by changing by hand into @GeneratedValue(strategy="IDENTITY") which means using SERIAL type in PostgreSQL.
Is there any way to change the default @GeneratedValue annotation created by the MakerBundle for the new entities to be created with the @GeneratedValue(strategy="IDENTITY") annotation ?

A: What you could possibly do is decorate \Symfony\Bundle\MakerBundle\Doctrine\EntityClassGenerator which is registered as a service named maker.entity_class_generator in vendor/symfony/maker-bundle/src/Resources/config/services.xml and override its generateEntityClass method to make a different call on the Generator's generateClass method, specifically the file path could be changed there.
Seems like the file path there could be relative or absolute, so with some trial and error you could get it to output the annotation you want. The template that the maker bundle uses now is at vendor/symfony/maker-bundle/src/Resources/skeleton/doctrine/Entity.tpl.php, and it's pretty straightforward to modify.

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Our Thoughts Turn to 2021 Opportunities
As we begin a new year, we look to what the future may bring to our industry. The past year has involved charting new territory for all of us with COVID-19 lockdowns, restrictions, and ending with a vaccine. Throughout this time, Doka has remained committed to being responsive to our changing industry, as well as to each customer's needs.
Q&A with Doka - Everything You Want to Know about Superdek
Dietmar Wagner, Regional Product Manager at Doka, answers questions on what you should know about the development and success of Doka's new handset shoring system, Superdek.
Doka now stands for formwork AND scaffolding
11/23/2020 | Press
Doka now offers formwork solutions AND scaffolding. But this is about more than just products. Well thought-out solutions and services - from planning and engineering to trainings - ensure transparency in complex construction projects, optimization of material flow and cost efficiency.
Read moreDownload: Press material
WE ARE STRONGER & SAFER TOGETHER
SAFETY WEEK | WE ARE STRONGER & SAFER TOGETHER
Doka USA, Ltd. Is a proud member of Construction Safety Week.
The Longest Cable-Stay Bridge in the US Rises with Doka
In Corpus Christi, a new US 181 Harbor Bridge is being constructed to replace the existing bridge that crosses the Corpus Christi Ship Channel. A new bridge is necessary to replace the current aging bridge and to permit larger ships to pass beneath, with a 205-foot clearance. When complete, the US 181 Harbor Bridge will be the tallest point in South Texas and the longest cable-stay concrete segmental bridge in the United States.
#MoreThanFormwork at CONEXPO 2020
Every three years, North America hosts CONEXPO-CON/AGG trade fair in Las Vegas, Nevada. Despite the fears of COVID-19 impacting the show to close one day earlier, attendance was strong and steady, especially at the Doka booth with over 6,600 visitors in just 4 days!
DokaXact - Forming with pin-point precision
DokaXact is the first interactive sensor-based system for precise positioning of wall formwork elements for highrise cores. With this new product, Doka offers an important component for digitizing construction site processes and in doing so takes an important step toward smart construction sites.
DokaXlight - The new aluminum framed formwork
DokaXlight is the lightest framed formwork in the Doka product range and, best of all, impresses by combining very low weight with a high degree of durability. In addition to its low weight, the integrated handles also make the formwork easier to manipulate, so you can "take it easy" with DokaXlight.
Doka leads the way with a variety of new solutions for ConExpo 2020
Attendees can experience more than just formwork products and digital services at the Doka booth F3775.
Doka – a world leader in formwork technology – has announced the new products that will be featured at ConExpo/ConAgg 2020. Attendees are encouraged to stop by Festival Grounds — Booth F3775 to view the products in use.
Doka creates added value with BIM
19.02.2019 | Press
Digital technologies and systems are influencing the construction sector more than ever before. Digitisation has an enormous scope and potential to boost efficiency and cost-effectiveness across the entire construction process. In this context, Building Information Modelling (BIM) is definitely one of the main factors influencing the construction industry. Doka sees this innovative approach as a key method for optimising construction processes, boosting productivity on site and designing the ideal solutions. Doka used BIM to map the formwork solutions for the SOFiSTiK office building project in Germany.
Doka Augmented Reality America
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Hexion to sell adhesives, powder-coating unit
The Columbus Dispatch
Mar 28, 2016 at 12:01 AM Mar 28, 2016 at 12:36 PM
Hexion Inc., the Columbus-based chemical manufacturer, has reached an agreement to sell its adhesives and powder-coating business for $226 million.
The deal includes six manufacturing sites; the only one in the United States is in Roebuck, South Carolina. The buyer is Synthomer, based in the United Kingdom.
Hexion describes the affected business as a producer of �resins, polymers, monomers and additives that provide enhanced performance for adhesives, sealants, paints, coatings, mortars and cements used primarily in consumer, industrial, and building and construction applications.�
The business had sales of $370 million last year.


I want to thank every single person who contributed, stuck with Whiskerino, and gave me support when I needed it. The past four months were filled with a flurry of emotions, a real roller coaster, and Whiskerino offered that lighthouse of consistency.
Thank you to @mackle for spending so much time to make this brotherhood a reality.
In closing, thank you to everyone who made Whiskerino what it was, what it is, and what it will always be.
It started with that tie and it ends with that tie. Well done. It's been a pleasure, sir.
great photos and good luck with the bioretention project.
now put on a shirt already.
Cheers to you good sir. Best wishes.
You are the man. Keep up the tie wearing.
it was good growing a beard with you brother!
Thanks for being a part of this space. You made us all seem more respectable with your presence, even whilst being sans shirt. It's been real, man. Take care of yourself.
Godspeed to you sir. Your pictures have been stellar and I hope the best for you. Keep Utah in check!
Sir Walshington - out. Take care, m'man.
i'll miss you man. thanks fr your awesomeness and your perseverance. you are a wonderful person.
I know I've said it already, but, you're good people, Thomas. Thank you for being kind and creative and cool and totally great to hang out with via the internets. I'm looking forward to following your exploits via facebook!
It has been a true pleasure serving with you, Sergeant. To the future.
my wife was a big fan of yours.
While you're at it, if you haven't already, get yourself a flickr account and keep taking photos. Also add me as a contact.
I *should* be around in May but not as a mustacher.
you have been a pleasure to follow. good luck and be well.
Thanks for being a part of this it was great growing and showing with you, now go get a shirt on!
glad you are ending this the same way you started it... with a tie but no shirt.
even the same tie too.
it's been fun telling you to put on a shirt with your tie for the past 4 months.
Thank you. You, sir, are one classy individual. It has been a great trip.
Thank *you*. I'm so glad you stuck it out.
You are one of the best half naked tie wearers I've been privy to have shared whiskers with!
You made it what it is. Great to be part of it.
And put a shirt on!
You've shown true dedication to this year. We appreciate it!
it was awesome growing and showing with you, this was so much fun! best wishes and take care!
A most excellent end to a great photo series! Your presence was much appreciated on this side of the world!
thank you. for being that shirtless guy with a tie. You pulled it off much more nicely than I would have thought possible.
@SirWalshington it was fantastic having you with us!
I was proud to be part of team shirtless and that you welcomed me with open arms! you added a neat twist to whiskerino & i will always remember you!
you've been awesome to follow through this. i'm going to track you down on facebook so i can keep up with the boston marathon progress! take care!
youre the only naked man I know that wears a tie that isn't a stripper. Hell, I don't know any strippers either. Are you a stripper?
great shot. i salute you too!
Soldier on, noshirtman. If you come back for May, I'll rattail your stache.
You did good work. I like how much you don't like wearing a shirt. Perhaps someday our paths will cross again and we'll rob a bank together. Or not. That sounds dangerous.
I salute you and your armpit hair! Thanks for keeping it fun and funny I loved your theme!
you were a key part of this whiskerino. thanks so much for participating. hope things go well for you! bon voyage.
What a great 120 days. Thanks for all the supportive comments. Please feel free to drop a line if you want to talk about wetland stuff. Mine emphasis is habitat and wetland mitigation rather than sediment control, but there certainly is overlap. Take care.
And thanks for the really kind words on my page. You're a gentleman and a scholar.
well done sirwalshington! thanks for all the inspiration (in running and tributes).
I hope you manage to find a shirt now that this is all over.
i agree with @wondermade. if you need one, i have a few to spare btw.


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Chelsea CorrineChelsea Corrine
Tip Leads to Five People Arrested, Gun and Drugs Seized in Atlantic City
ThinkStock BlakeDavidTaylor
An anonymous text message to the Atlantic City Police Department's tip411 system resulted in the arrest of three adults and two juveniles and the recovery of a handgun and drugs.
Cops say Thursday morning, they received anonymous texts about guns inside a room at the Madison Hotel on Dr. Martin Luther King Boulevard.
According to a press release, during an investigation, detectives attempted to stop 22-year-old Abdul Bobo-Moore of Atlantic City as he left the building. Bobo-Moore fled but was quickly apprehended. He was found in possession of heroin.
The ACPD says,
Detectives made their way to an apartment inside the building where they encountered four individuals inside the room. Omar Law, Azyiah Henry, and a 17 year old female were placed in custody after they were found in possession of narcotics. A 16 year old male was placed in custody after being found in possession of a loaded handgun magazine.
A total of 110 individual bags of heroin and 25 grams of marijuana was recovered.
Abdul Bobo-Moore and 18-year-old Azyiah Henry of Mays Landing were both charged with possession of a controlled dangerous substance (CDS), possession of CDS with intent to distribute, and possession of CDS with intent to distribute CDS within 500 feet of a public zone. 18-year-old Omar Law of Atlantic City was charged with possession of CDS. Those three were all released on a summons with a future court date.
A 17-year-old female from Mays Landing was charged with possession of CDS and possession of CDS paraphernalia. A 16-year-old male from Mays Landing was charged with unlawful possession of handgun ammunition. The two teens were each released to a parent with a future court date.
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Source: Tip Leads to Five People Arrested, Gun and Drugs Seized in Atlantic City
Filed Under: Atlantic City


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Abdon Pamich
Abdon Pamich FAQs: Facts, Rumors, Birthdate, Net Worth, Sexual Orientation and much more!
Who is Abdon Pamich? Biography, gossip, facts?
Abdon Pamich (born 3 October 1933 in Fiume) is a former Italian race walker who won two Olympic medals.
When is Abdon Pamich's birthday?
Abdon Pamich was born on the 3rd of October 1933 , which was a Tuesday. Abdon Pamich will be turning 87 in only 255 days from today.
How old is Abdon Pamich?
Abdon Pamich is 86 years old. To be more precise (and nerdy), the current age as of right now is 31409 days or (even more geeky) 753816 hours. That's a lot of hours!
Are there any books, DVDs or other memorabilia of Abdon Pamich? Is there a Abdon Pamich action figure?
We would think so. You can find a collection of items related to Abdon Pamich right here.
What is Abdon Pamich's zodiac sign and horoscope?
Abdon Pamich's zodiac sign is Libra.
The ruling planet of Libra is Venus. Therefore, lucky days are Fridays and lucky numbers are: 6, 15, 24, 33, 42, 51 and 60. Blue and Green are Abdon Pamich's lucky colors. Typical positive character traits of Libra include: Tactfulness, Alert mindset, Intellectual bent of mind and Watchfulness. Negative character traits could be: Insecurity, Insincerity, Detachment and Artificiality.
Is Abdon Pamich gay or straight?
Many people enjoy sharing rumors about the sexuality and sexual orientation of celebrities. We don't know for a fact whether Abdon Pamich is gay, bisexual or straight. However, feel free to tell us what you think! Vote by clicking below.
0% of all voters think that Abdon Pamich is gay (homosexual), 0% voted for straight (heterosexual), and 0% like to think that Abdon Pamich is actually bisexual.
Is Abdon Pamich still alive? Are there any death rumors?
Yes, according to our best knowledge, Abdon Pamich is still alive. And no, we are not aware of any death rumors. However, we don't know much about Abdon Pamich's health situation.
Where was Abdon Pamich born?
Abdon Pamich was born in Rijeka, Yugoslavia.
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Well, that is up to you to decide! Click the "HOT"-Button if you think that Abdon Pamich is hot, or click "NOT" if you don't think so.
0% of all voters think that Abdon Pamich is hot, 0% voted for "Not Hot".
How heavy is Abdon Pamich? What is Abdon Pamich's weight?
Abdon Pamich does weigh 72kg, which is equivalent to 158.7lbs.
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Mirosawa Zakrzewska-Kotula, Thomas Keller (rowing), Julio Salamanca Pineda, John Mcphail and Marcel Van Langenhove (fencer) are athletes that are similar to Abdon Pamich. Click on their names to check out their FAQs.
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Supposedly, 2020 has been a busy year for Abdon Pamich. However, we do not have any detailed information on what Abdon Pamich is doing these days. Maybe you know more. Feel free to add the latest news, gossip, official contact information such as mangement phone number, cell phone number or email address, and your questions below.
Does Abdon Pamich do drugs? Does Abdon Pamich smoke cigarettes or weed?
It is no secret that many celebrities have been caught with illegal drugs in the past. Some even openly admit their drug usuage. Do you think that Abdon Pamich does smoke cigarettes, weed or marijuhana? Or does Abdon Pamich do steroids, coke or even stronger drugs such as heroin? Tell us your opinion below.
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According to various sources, Abdon Pamich's net worth has grown significantly in 2020. However, the numbers vary depending on the source. If you have current knowledge about Abdon Pamich's net worth, please feel free to share the information below.
Abdon Pamich's net worth is estimated to be in the range of approximately $1585 in 2020, according to the users of vipfaq. The estimated net worth includes stocks, properties, and luxury goods such as yachts and private airplanes.


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The Best Streaming Services for Dramas
Staff lists › the best streaming services for dramas
agoodmovietowatch is a film and TV recommendation website. We aggregate what we call "highly-rated but little-known" titles, in other terms, movies and shows that you haven't yet seen that you will like.
Naturally, many dramas fall into this category. People often dismiss films that seem sad or sentimental for comedies and easily digestible action films.
But if like me you are always on the hunt for a good drama, here are the streaming services you should consider subscribing to.
Criterion Channel is a curated movie-streaming service that offers ad-free and on-demand access to films from The Criterion Collection in HD. It is currently only available in the US and Canada. The subscription costs $10.99 per month or $99.99 per year. Like Netflix, the Criterion Channel also offers a physical rental service. The number of movies you can rent each month, for a flat monthly rate, depends on how quickly you can return them. You don't need to subscribe to The Criterion Channel to buy or rent physical media on DVD and Blu-ray, but subscribers may get discounts.
Price: $10.99 per month
Device availability: Amazon Fire TV, Android, Apple TV, iOS, Roku, Samsung TV, Xbox
Go to Criterion Channel
Hulu is an on-demand service that is currently only available on US territories. You can get access to Hulu's on-demand content library for $5.99 a month with commercials, and $11.99 without. There's also an option to pay for an annual subscription starting at $71.88.
Price: $5.99 per month
Free Trial: 30 days
Device availability: Amazon Fire TV, Android, Android TV, Apple TV, Chromecast, iOS, LG TV, Nintendo Switch, Roku, Roku TV, Samsung TV, Xbox
Go to Hulu
AMC Plus is a premium streaming bundle that includes the same benefits of AMC Premiere, the add-on subscription service available to subscribers of AMC.
The service is currently available only in the US for $8.99 per month. You can subscribe at a reduced price if you're an existing AMC channel subscriber on services like Xfinity, Dish Network and Sling TV.
AMC Plus can currently be accessed via Apple TV Channels, Amazon Prime Video Channels, Comcast Xfinity, DirecTV, Dish, Roku, and Sling TV. While there is no AMC Plus app at the time of writing, you can access AMC Plus content via your provider's app.
Device availability: Roku
Go to AMC+
HBO Max is a subscription-based on-demand platform that is only available in the US. New subscribers pay $15 a month, with an annual subscription option also available.
Most mobile devices that can stream video support HBO Max, although there is yet no app for Amazon Fire TV and Roku devices.
Device availability: Amazon Fire TV, Android TV, Apple TV, PlayStation, Roku, Samsung TV, Xbox
Go to HBO Max
Amazon's premium membership program includes access to the streaming platform Prime Video, more commonly referred to in this publication as simply "Amazon Prime."
If you live in the US, the UK or Germany, you have the option between paying a yearly or monthly subscription fee for an Amazon Prime account, which comes with a bulk of other retail and delivery services. People in other countries where Amazon is not operating may be able to access it from a browser only.
In addition to on-demand streaming, you can rent or purchase TV shows that are not on the service for an additional fee. As well as Amazon devices, the app is available on any mobile device, including iOS, Android, or Windows. The app also works on Apple and Windows computers, on a wide range of TVs, mobile devices, and games consoles.
Device availability: Amazon Fire TV, Android, Apple TV, Changhong, Chromecast, Haier, Hisense, iOS, LG, Nvidia SHIELD, Panasonic, Philips, PlayStation, Roku, Samsung, Sharp, Skyworth, Sony, TiVo, Vestel, Vizio, Wii, Xbox
Go to Amazon Prime
Fubo
Fubo is a live TV and on-demand streaming service. The platform had it beginning as a soccer stream service, but it quickly became popular as a viable alternative to expensive cable subscriptions in the U.S, offering an attractive bundle of more than 100 live channels as well as an endless array of on-demand movies.
Free Trial: 7 days
Device availability: Amazon Fire TV, Android, Android TV, Apple TV, Chromecast, iOS, Roku
Channel lineup: A&E, ABC, ABC News Live, ACC Network (in-market), AccuWeather, AMC, Animal Planet, BBC America, Bein Sports, Bein Sports 4, Bein sports 5, Bein Sports 6, Bein Sports 7, Bein Sports 8, Big Ten Network (BTN), Bravo, CBS, CBS Sports Network, CBSN, Cheddar, CMT, CNBC, Comedy Central, Comet, Cozi TV, CW, Discovery Channel, Disney Channel, Disney Junior, Disney XD, E!, ESPN, ESPN2, ESPN3, Estrella TV, Food Network, FOX, Fox Business Network, Fox News Channel, Fox Sports 1 (FS1), Fox Sports 2 (FS2), Freeform, fubo Sports Network, FX, FXX, FYI, Galavision, GetTV, Golf Channel, Hallmark Channel, Hallmark Drama, Hallmark Movies & Mysteries, HGTV, History, IFC, Investigation Discovery (ID), Lifetime, Lifetime Movies (LMN), Local Now, MotorTrend, MSNBC, MTV, National Geographic, NBC, NBCLX, NBCSN, Newsmax, NFL Network, Nick Jr., Nickelodeon, Olympic Channel, OWN (Oprah Winfrey Network), Oxygen, Paramount Network, Pop, SEC Network (in-market), Smithsonian Channel, Sundance TV, SYFY, Tastemade, Telemundo, The Weather Channel, TLC, Travel Channel, TUDN, TUDNxtra1, TUDNxtra10, TUDNxtra11, TUDNxtra2, TUDNxtra3, TUDNxtra4, TUDNxtra5, TUDNxtra6, TUDNxtra7, TUDNxtra8, TUDNxtra9, TV Land, TVG, Unimas, Universal Kids, Universo, Univision, USA, VH1, Vice, WE tv, WGN America
Go to Fubo
Hulu with Live TV
The "Hulu + Live TV" plan mixes Hulu's exclusive offering of Originals with around 60 TV channels (the channels available depend on where you live). If you already have Hulu, getting the Live TV addition is usually cheaper than subscribing to another Live TV service. And if when you want to cancel the Live TV plan, you can click "cancel" on Hulu which will give you the option to keep the On-Demand part while cancelling the Live TV.
Channel lineup: A&E, ABC, ABC News Live, ACC Network (ACCN), Adult Swim, Animal Planet, Big Ten Network (BTN), Bloomberg, Boomerang, Bravo, Cartoon Network, CBS, CBS Sports Network, CBSN, Cheddar, CNBC, CNN, CNN International, Cozi TV, CW, Dabl, Discovery Channel, Disney Channel, Disney Junior, Disney XD, E!, ESPN, ESPN College Extra, ESPN2, ESPN3, ESPNews, ESPNU, Food Network, FOX, Fox Business Network, Fox News Channel, Fox Sports 1 (FS1), Fox Sports 2 (FS2), Freeform, FX, FXM, FXX, FYI, Golf Channel, HGTV, History, HLN, Investigation Discovery (ID), Lifetime, Lifetime Movie Network (LMN), MotorTrend, MSNBC, Nat Geo Wild, National Geographic, NBC, NBCSN, Olympic Channel, Oxygen, Pop, QVC, SEC Network, Smithsonian Channel, Start TV, SYFY, TBS, TCM (Turner Classic Movies), Telemundo, TLC, TNT, Travel Channel, truTV, Universal Kids, USA, Vice, WGN America
Go to Hulu with Live TV
DirecTV Stream is a Live TV streaming platform with a twist: you can download the app on any of your existing devices, or for a $120, you can get a box with a custom remote control for the service. But without the box, DirecTV Stream functions like a Netflix or Hulu, allowing you to stream Live TV from anywhere by downloading the app. Within your home, you can stream on up to 20 devices (!), and from outside your home you can stream on up to three devices.
Device availability: Amazon Fire TV, Android, Android TV, Apple TV, iOS, Roku, Roku TV, Samsung TV
Channel lineup: A&E, AMC, Animal Planet, AXS TV, Baby First TV, BBC America, BET, Bloomberg Television, Boomerang, Bravo, C-SPAN, C-SPAN2, Cartoon Network, CMT, CNBC, CNN, CNN en Espanol, Comedy Central, Discovery, Disney Channel, Disney Jr, Disney XD, E! Entertainment, ESPN, ESPN2, ESPN3, Food Network, Fox Business Network, Fox News Channel, Fox Sports 1, Freeform, FX, FXX, Galavision, Gem Shopping Network, Hallmark Channel, Hallmark Movies & Mysteries, HGTV, History, HLN, Home Shopping Network, Investigation Discovery, Lifetime, MotorTrend, MSNBC, MTV, MTV2, One America News, Ovation, Paramount Network, QVC, QVC2, ReelzChannel, REVOLT, RFD-TV, SundanceTV, SYFY, TBS, TCM, TeenNick, TLC, TNT, truTV, TV Land, Univision East, USA Network, VH1, Vice, WE tv
Go to DirecTV Stream
Vidgo is a Live TV streaming service that offers a good selection of channels, especially Sports, for a reasonable price that undercuts some competitors (mainly Hulu and Youtube). The interface is not great and the apps are not as reliable as other services, but if that's the kind of thing that doesn't usually bother you, or if you don't mind logging into individual network apps, it's a decent option. Oh, and if you're wondering about DvR? There is none, Vidgo only offers a 24-hour playback option, so you can only replay what aired the day before basically.
On the other hand, Vidgo allows simultaneous streams on up to three devices at once, and they have apps for Amazon Fire TV, Android TV, Roku, and Apple TV.
Price: $55 per month
Device availability: Amazon Fire TV, Android, Android TV, Apple TV, iOS, Roku
Channel lineup: A&E, ABC, ACC Network, American Heroes, Animal Planet, Aspire, AWE, Bein Sports, BET, Big Ten Network, Cheddar, CMT, Comedy Central, Cooking Channel, CuriosityStream, Destination America, Discovery, Discovery Family, Discovery Life, Disney Channel, Disney Junior, Disney XD, DIY Network, ESPN, ESPN Deportes, ESPN2, ESPNews, ESPNU, Food Network, FOX, Fox Business, Fox Deportes, Fox News, Freeform, FS1, FS2, FX, FXM, FXX, FYI, GetTV, GSN, Hallmark Channel, Hallmark Drama, Hallmark Movies & Mysteries, HGTV, History, INSP, Investigation Discovery, Law & Crime, Lifetime, Lifetime Movie Network, Longhorn Network, MAV TV, MotorTrend, MTV, MTV Classic, MTV2, Nat Geo Wild, National Geographic, NewsNation, NFL Network, NFL Redzone, Nick Jr., Nickelodeon, Nicktoons, OAN, OWN, Pac-12 national feed, Pac-12 regionals, Paramount Network, QVC, Science, SEC Network, Sony Movie Channel, TeenNick, TLC, Travel Channel, TV Land, UPtv
Go to Vidgo
Sling Blue
Sling Blue is a live-tv bundle from cord-cutting alternative Sling, which is owned by the telecom provider Dish. It has many of the top 20 most watched national TV channels in the U.S..
Device availability: AirTV, Amazon Fire TV, Android, Android TV, Apple TV, Chromecast, iOS, LG TV, Roku, Samsung TV, Xbox
Channel lineup: A&E, AMC, AXS TV, BBC America, BET, Bloomberg Television, Bravo, Cartoon Network, Cheddar, Cheddar Big News, CNN, Comedy Central, EPIX Drive-In, Food Network, Fox News, Fuse, FX, HGTV, History, HLN, IFC, Lifetime, MSNBC, National Geographic, NBC (select markets), NBC Sports Network, Newsy, NFL Network, Nick Jr., SYFY, TBS, TNT, Travel Channel, Tribeca Shortlist, truTV, USA, Viceland
Go to Sling Blue


Recently MSM published an article on Educations.com focusing on 5 key skills you develop in an Online MBA, which have been highlighted by employers as important for the new ways of working that are transforming our workplace.
When you consider following an online MBA, you compare the advantages and disadvantages of studying it online versus studying it on-campus. One of the concerns often mentioned by potential students is about the perception of an online degree by employers. Indeed, until recently, some employers might have questioned the value of an online MBA qualification.
However, the growing popularity of online education has moved many well-respected business schools and universities to offer accredited online MBA programs next to their on-campus programs.
Consequently, employers are increasingly realizing that the online MBA not only provides students with the same value as the on-campus MBA but also prepares them for the digital workforce by equipping them with important skills that are highly emphasized while studying an online program.
Successfully completing your MBA is in itself already an asset for employers. While completing an online MBA, you will strongly develop some key skills that are also highly valued in the workplace. Skills like time management, self-motivation and self-discipline, but also the capability of working with virtual teams spread over the world will help future-proof your career.
If you google 'online MBA and time management', you will find a vast array of articles on tips for time management while studying your MBA online. The fact of the matter is that when you are studying online, procrastination is not an option.
Although you have the flexibility of doing the learning according to your own schedule, you do not have the luxury of falling behind. Time is valuable, and you soon realize how precious time actually is when you start combining work, family and social life with your online MBA studies.
One of the greatest skills you will learn during your online MBA is how to manage your time carefully and productively to be able to juggle the daily challenges of life with studies - a great asset not only for finalizing your online MBA studies, but also to manage the daily workload in your job.
Time management and self-discipline come hand-in-hand. The fact that you can stay focused and motivated on your studies, even while working, is highly valued by an employer.
For an employer, self-discipline is an extremely valued skill since it is paired with responsibility, hardworking and driven attributes - all skills that will be extremely important in the changing digitized workforce.
People are externally and internally motivated. Extrinsic motivators include competition and society, money, fame, recognition, while internal motivators focus on self-satisfaction, personal achievement and passion. Intrinsic motivators are longer lasting and self-sustainable.
To be able to complete an online MBA successfully, self-discipline and time management become much more obvious, and feel less like punishment when the student is internally motivated.
Finding this intrinsic motivator also results in being happier and motivated at work. Studies have shown that people working with internal motivators are more successful because they have more energy, concentration and have a lower chance of burn-out.
Several Harvard Business Reviews, The World Economic Forum' "the Future of Jobs" report, Deloitte's Digital Workplace report and many others have confirmed that virtual teamwork is already starting but will become an even greater reality in the very near future.
The World Economic Forum recently reported that working remotely (also called telecommuting, telework or working from home) is "one of the biggest drivers of transformation in the workplace."
The development of technology has allowed online MBA programs to incorporate teamwork and group assignments in the program through a virtual environment. For example, at MSM, the Online MBA will develop the skills of virtual teamwork since students have to constantly share opinions and interact on the online platform.
Having an online MBA will be extremely valuable for employers in the future, as they will have the assurance that you know how to work in a virtual environment with people from all around the world.
The online MBA breaks down barriers of time, distance and financial constraints, allowing highly skilled people from all backgrounds and nationalities to enter the online classroom.
In the past, online studies were associated with solitary confinement, without ever knowing your fellow classmates. Today, with the rise of technology, studying online can be a highly multicultural and connected experience where you network online and discuss opinions with people from all over the world.
The MSM Online MBA is a highly multicultural and connected experience where you network online and discuss opinions with people coming from all over the world. This combination of virtual and multicultural teamwork is extremely important.
According to the Financial Times article What top employers want most from MBA Graduates, the ability to work in a team, the ability to work with a wide variety of people, and the ability to build, sustain and expand a network of people, are three of the most important skills for employers. All of these skills are developed through the multicultural experience of the MSM Online MBA.
MSM's Online MBA program has been ranked 4th best Online MBA in the world, and the best Online MBA in the Netherlands by CEO Magazine.


text:
Q: Unable to find remote state Error: Unable to find remote state
on ../../modules/current_global/main.tf line 26, in data "terraform_remote_state" "global":
26: data "terraform_remote_state" "global" {
No stored state was found for the given workspace in the given backend
I am really stucked in this issue for a while.
main.tf:
data "aws_caller_identity" "current" {}

locals {
  state_buckets = {
    "amazon_account_id" = {
      bucket = "bucket_name"
      key    = "key"
      region = "region"
    }
}

state_bucket = local.state_buckets[data.aws_caller_identity.current.account_id]
}

data "terraform_remote_state" "global" {
  backend = "s3"
  config  = local.state_bucket
}

output "outputs" {
  description = "Current account's global Terraform module outputs"
  value       = data.terraform_remote_state.global.outputs
}

one directoty above there is one main.tf file which has reference of above main.tf file
main.tf:
provider "aws" {
  version             = "~> 2.0"
  region              = var.region
  allowed_account_ids = ["id"]
}

terraform {
  backend "s3" {
    bucket = "bucket_name"
    key    = "key"
    region = "region"
  }
}

module "global" {
  source = "../../modules/current_global"
}


WITS Writers Ryan Dilbert and Irene Keliher will read their works as part of the Nano Fiction Reading Series. This event is free and open to the public.
Ryan Dilbert is a novice tattoo artist, an amateur vegan chef and a terrible salsa dancer. His novel Time Crumbling like a Wet Cracker (No Record Press) is forthcoming in Spring 2011. His work can be seen in FRiGG, decomP, Pear Noir, Titular, and Best of the Web 2009. He likes your new haircut.
Irene Keliher's work has appeared in the New Ohio Review, Quarterly West, the Bellingham Review, Potomac Review, and the Mississippi Review, and her story collection was a finalist for the 2010 Bakeless Prize. A recipient of a 2010 Houston Arts Alliance grant, she's also received the Tobias Wolff Award for Fiction, the Potomac Review Fiction Award, and a Ragdale Foundation residency, and her essays have placed twice in the Atlantic Monthly Student Writing Contest. She's written a bilingual libretto for the Houston Grand Opera and holds an MFA in Fiction from the University of Houston.


Taxes not yet assessed. Brand new home almost complete! Energy efficient home! Elegant 1 1/2 story home in Saline Valley Farms. Enjoy the country setting while still close to all the amenities of Saline & Ann Arbor. The Applewood Deluxe offers an excellent floor plan with a large two story great room with a direct vent gas fireplace, formal dining room, Study, powder room, Gourmet Kitchen with granite counters, stainless steel appliances, a walk-in & butler pantry. Upgraded carpet & padding. First floor master bedroom with the other 3 bedrooms on the second floor. Large master suite w/granite counters. Two bedrooms share a Jack and Jill bathroom, while the fourth bedroom has its own full bath. Ceramic tile floors in all baths. Master suite has a ceramic tile floor, jetted tub deck, and shower. Hardwood floors in the kitchen, nook, and entry. Outside enjoy an elegant front brick elevation & a 3 car side entry garage, & concrete driveway. all on a walk-out lot.
Heritage School Elementary School / Public 8 3.79 mi.
Pleasant Ridge Elementary School Elementary School / Public 7 2.46 mi.
Saline Middle School Middle School / Public 8 3.55 mi.
Saline High School High School / Public 9 4.15 mi.
Washtenaw Christian Academy * Pre-School, Elementary School, Middle School, High School / Private N/A 3.8 mi.
Saline Alternative High School * High School / Public N/A 3.73 mi.
10532 River Edge Road, Saline, MI 48176 is a 4 bedroom, 3.5 bath single family home was sold for $464,900.


Written at a readily accessible level, Basic Data Analysis for Time Series with R emphasizes the mathematical importance of collaborative analysis of data used to collect increments of time or space. Balancing a theoretical and practical approach to analyzing data within the context of serial correlation, the book presents a coherent and systematic regression-based approach to model selection. The book illustrates these principles of model selection and model building through the use of information criteria, cross validation, hypothesis tests, and confidence intervals.
5.1 Standard Models—What are the Alternatives to WHITE NOISE?
9.1 Why is Smoothing Required?
12.4 Where do we go from here?
Appendix B AIC is PRESS!
C.4 What could go wrong?
C.7 What can be done?


text:
\section{Introduction}
The non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) has
drawn great attention as a promising
technology for improving the spectral efficiency for the next generation mobile communication networks \cite{22, 3, 2, 16, 12, 24}. There exist two main NOMA schemes, i.e., power-domain and code-domain NOMA. In this paper, we focus on the former, in which users are multiplexed on power domain. For notational simplicity, we refer to power-domain NOMA as NOMA.

A few works have verified via simulation the superiority of NOMA over OMA for multi-user scenarios in term of achievable sum rate \cite{1, 9, 5, 8}. For single-input single-output (SISO) systems, \cite{1} shows that NOMA can achieve a larger sum rate, while \cite{9} illustrates that a larger ergodic sum rate is obtained by NOMA for a cellular downlink system with randomly deployed users. As for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, \cite{5,8} provide some insight: \cite{5} verifies that a larger ergodic sum rate for two users can be obtained by NOMA, whereas \cite{8} shows that NOMA can achieve a larger sum rate for a multi-user scenario, with two users paired into a cluster, and sharing a common transmit beamforming vector.

Some recent works aim to analytically prove that NOMA achieves higher sum rate over OMA. For SISO systems, power allocation (PA) in \cite{20} is conducted to guarantee that NOMA achieves a larger sum rate than OMA with equal power coefficients and degrees of freedom (DoF). For MIMO systems, \cite{6} derives the sum rate gain of NOMA over OMA under two extreme cases of user pairing: 1)  the best user with the worst user; 2) the best user with the second best user. Moreover, a cognitive radio inspired PA is proposed, which ensures that the data rate of the weak user is larger than that in OMA. However, the sum rate for OMA is not optimized in the above works as equal power and DoF are allocated to users. In \cite{18,21}, the authors overcome this issue, and demonstrate that NOMA achieves a larger sum rate than OMA for scenarios with two users and multiple users per cluster, respectively.

The major drawback of the sum rate comparison is that it neglects fairness. To the best of our knowledge, none of the previous works considers fairness during sum rate comparison. Note that although simulation results in \cite{21} show that NOMA achieves higher fairness, no theoretical analysis is provided. Hence, in order to account for fairness, we need to compare the individual rates of the users. In particular, the individual rate for any user in NOMA should be higher or equal than its counterpart in OMA. In \cite{17}, the PA scheme for a SISO system is designed such that the individual rate of each user in NOMA is guaranteed to be larger than its counterpart in OMA. However, \cite{17} still adopts equal PA and DoF for OMA, which is suboptimal. By filling in this gap, the main contribution of this paper lies in:
\begin{itemize}
\item A general and fair individual rate comparison is considered, in which the PA for OMA is arbitrary and the DoF is split such that the {\color{black}maximum sum rate} in OMA is achieved. On this basis, a PA strategy is proposed, which ensures that NOMA achieves higher individual rates than OMA.

\item For the particular case with equal DoF and arbitrary PA, analytical results are provided to demonstrate the superiority of NOMA over OMA in terms of individual rates.

\item In addition to the individual rate superiority, it is also shown that better fairness is achieved by NOMA through appropriate PA.
\end{itemize}

The rest of the paper is organized as follows. The system model is introduced in Section II. The individual rate comparison between MIMO-NOMA and MIMO-OMA is conducted in Section III, where a PA strategy is additionally proposed. The particular case of equal DoF is also discussed in Section III, while simulation results are shown in \text{Section IV}. Conclusions are finally drawn in Section V.

\section{System Model and Problem Formulation}
\subsection{System Model}
A multi-user MIMO-NOMA downlink transmission scenario is investigated, in which a \ac{BS} deployed with $M$ antennas sends information to $2M$ users, each with $N$ antennas. Two users are paired into a cluster for complexity reduction \cite{6}, and NOMA is only applied between them. Accordingly, there are $M$ clusters in the system. We adopt the block fading channel model, where both path loss component and small scale fading are considered, e.g., the channel matrix from the \ac{BS} to user $k, k\in\{1,2\}$ in cluster $m, m\in\{1,\ldots, M\}$, is $\mbf{H}_{m,k}=\mbf{G}_{m,k}/{L_{m,k}}$, with $\mbf{G}_{m,k}\in \mathbb{C}^{N\times M}$ denoting the Rayleigh fading channel matrix and $L_{m,k}$ representing the path loss component. The transmit and receive beamforming vectors fulfill the following conditions \cite{8}: 1) zero-forcing (ZF) precoding is conducted at the \ac{BS} to remove the inter-cluster interference; 2) signal alignment is conducted at the receiver between users in the same cluster, i.e., ${\mbf{v}_{m,2}^H}\mbf{G}_{m,2} = {\mbf{v}_{m,1}^H}\mbf{G}_{m,1}$, where $\mbf{v}_{m,k}^H$ denotes the receive beamforming vector.

As users in the same cluster share a common transmit beamforming vector, the signal transmitted from the \ac{BS} can be expressed as
\begin{equation}
\mbf{x}=\mbf{P}{\mbf{s}},
\end{equation}
where $\mbf{P}=[\mbf{p}_{1} ~\cdots ~ \mbf{p}_{M}] \in \mathbb{C}^{M\times M}$, with $\mbf{p}_{m} \in \mathbb{C}^{M\times 1}$ representing the normalized transmit beamforming vector for cluster $m$. Additionally, the information bearing vector ${\mbf{s}}\in \mathbb{C}^{M\times 1}$ is given by
\begin{equation}
{\mbf{s}}=
\begin{bmatrix}
\alpha_{1,1}s_{1,1}+\alpha_{1,2}s_{1,2} \\
\vdots \\
\alpha_{M,1}s_{M,1}+ \alpha_{M,2}s_{M,2}
\end{bmatrix},
\end{equation}
where $s_{m,k}$ and $\alpha_{m,k}$ represent the signal and corresponding PA coefficient for user $(m,k)$, respectively, satisfying $\alpha_{m,1}^2+\alpha_{m,2}^2=1, \forall m$.

At the receiver of user $(m,k)$, the normalized receive beamforming vector $\mbf{v}_{m,k}$ is applied, and thus, the received signal $\mbf{y}_{m,k}$ is given by
\begin{IEEEeqnarray*}{lll}\label{eq:multi_cluster_Rx}
{\mbf{v}_{m,k}^H}\mbf{y}_{m,k}=&\alpha_{m,1}{\mbf{v}_{m,1}^H}\mbf{H}_{m,1}\mbf{p}_{m}s_{m,1}
+\alpha_{m,2}{\mbf{v}_{m,2}^H}\mbf{H}_{m,2}\mbf{p}_{m}s_{m,2} \nonumber \\
&+ \ub{ \displaystyle\sum^{M}_{i\neq m}\sum^2_{l=1}\alpha_{i,l}{\mbf{v}_{m,l}^H}\mbf{H}_{m,l}\mbf{p}_{i}s_{i,l}
}_{\text{interference from other clusters}}
+ {\mbf{v}_{m,k}^H}\mbf{n}_{m,k},\IEEEyesnumber
\end{IEEEeqnarray*}
where $(\cdot)^H$ represents the Hermitian transpose operation and $\mbf{n}_{m,k}\in \mathbb{C}^{N\times 1} \sim \mathcal{CN} (0,\sigma^2_{n}\mbf{I})$ is the \ac{AWGN} vector at user $(m,k)$.

As ZF precoding is adopted at the BS, inter-cluster interference can be eliminated, and thus, the cluster index $m$ can be dropped for notational simplicity. Consequently, the received signal can be rewritten as
\begin{equation}
{\mbf{v}_{k}^H}\mbf{y}_{k}=\alpha_{1}{\mbf{v}_{1}^H}\mbf{H}_{1}\mbf{p}s_{1}
+\alpha_{2}{\mbf{v}_{2}^H}\mbf{H}_{2}\mbf{p}s_{2}
 + {\mbf{v}_{k}^H}\mbf{n}_{k}.
\end{equation}

Without loss of generality, the effective channel gains of the users are ordered as follows:
\begin{equation} \label{eq:order}
|{\mbf{v}_{1}^H}\mbf{H}_{1}\mbf{p}|^2 \geq  |{\mbf{v}_{2}^H}\mbf{H}_{2}\mbf{p}|^2.
\end{equation}

Accordingly, \ac{SIC} is conducted at user $1$ to remove the interference from user $2$, and because of this, the achieved data rate at user $1$ can be expressed as \cite{18}
\begin{equation} \label{eq:user1}
R_{1}^{\text{NOMA}}=\log_2
(1+  \rho  \alpha_{1}^2 |{\mbf{v}_{1}^H}\mbf{H}_{1}\mbf{p}|^2),
\end{equation}
where {\color{black} $\rho=\frac{1}{\mathbb{E} [|\mbf{v}_{k}^H \mbf{n}_{k}|^2  ] }$} is the same for the two users, as the receive beamforming vector is normalized and the noise variance remains unchanged after rotation. $\mathbb{E} [\cdot]$ denotes the expectation operator.

In contrast, user $2$ considers user 1's signal as interference, and thus, its achievable rate is given by
\begin{equation}
R_{2}^{\text{NOMA}}=\log_2 \label{eq:user2}
\bigg(1+\frac{\rho \alpha_{2}^2 |{\mbf{v}_{2}^H}\mbf{H}_{2}\mbf{p}|^2 }
{1+  \rho  \alpha_{1}^2 |{\mbf{v}_{2}^H}\mbf{H}_{2}\mbf{p}|^2} \bigg).
\end{equation}

As for OMA, under any given power coefficients $\alpha_{1'}$ and $\alpha_{2'}$, satisfying $\alpha_{1'}^2+\alpha_{2'}^2=1$, the split of the DoF between the two users is optimized to achieve the maximum sum rate for fair comparison. We use $\lambda_{1}$ and $\lambda_{2}$ to denote the fractions of the DoF for users $1$ and $2$, respectively, which should satisfy $\lambda_{1}+\lambda_{2}=1$. As such, the achievable rate at user $k$ can be expressed as \cite{18}

\begin{equation}
R_{k}^{\text{OMA}}=\lambda_{k} \log_2
\begin{pmatrix}
1+ \frac{\rho \alpha_{k'}^2 |{\mbf{v}_{k}^H}\mbf{H}_{k}\mbf{p}_k|^2 }
{\lambda_{k}}
\end{pmatrix}.
\end{equation}

Now, the sum rate for the two users in the same cluster in MIMO-OMA is given by \cite[Lemma 1]{18}
\begin{equation} \label{eq:OMA}
{\color{black} R^{\text{OMA}}_{\text{sum}} } \leq \log_2 \bigg(1+  \sum_{k=1}^{2} \rho \alpha_{k'}^2 |{\mbf{v}_{k}^H}\mbf{H}_{k}\mbf{p}_k|^2  \bigg),
\end{equation}
where the equality holds for
\begin{equation} \label{eq:COMA}
{\lambda_{k}=\frac{ \alpha_{k'}^2 |{\mbf{v}_{k}^H}\mbf{H}_{k}\mbf{p}_k|^2 } { \sum_{l=1}^{2}  \alpha_{l'}^2 |{\mbf{v}_{l}^H}\mbf{H}_{l}\mbf{p}_l|^2} }.
\end{equation}

Note that when \eqref{eq:COMA} is satisfied, the maximum sum rate for OMA is achieved, and the corresponding individual rates for users 1 and 2 are used for OMA to ensure a fair comparison.

\subsection{Problem Formulation}
In \cite{18}, the authors prove that NOMA can achieve a larger sum rate than OMA by simply assigning the same power coefficients to both schemes. However, having a higher sum rate does not guarantee that each user in NOMA has a higher data rate than its counterpart in OMA. Indeed, it is easy to come up with an instance in which the data rate of the weak user (user 2) in NOMA is below its counterpart in OMA if simply assigning the same power coefficients. For example, if \text{$\rho \alpha_{1}^2 |{\mbf{v}_{1}^H}\mbf{H}_{1}\mbf{p}|^2 =\rho \alpha_{2}^2 |{\mbf{v}_{2}^H}\mbf{H}_{2}\mbf{p}|^2 =0.25$} and $\alpha_{1}^2=0.5\alpha_{2}^2$, then $\log_2
\bigg(1+\frac{\rho \alpha_{2}^2 |{\mbf{v}_{2}^H}\mbf{H}_{2}\mbf{p}|^2 }
{1+  \rho  \alpha_{1}^2 |{\mbf{v}_{2}^H}\mbf{H}_{2}\mbf{p}|^2} \bigg)=\log_2 (1.22)
 < \log_2(1.23) \allowbreak = \frac{\alpha_{2}^2 |{\mbf{v}_{2}^H}\mbf{H}_{2}\mbf{p}|^2}{\alpha_{1}^2 |{\mbf{v}_{1}^H}\mbf{H}_{1}\mbf{p}|^2+\alpha_{2}^2 |{\mbf{v}_{2}^H}\mbf{H}_{2}\mbf{p}|^2}  \log_2 \bigg(1+\rho \alpha_{1}^2 |{\mbf{v}_{1}^H}\mbf{H}_{1}\mbf{p}|^2+   \allowbreak \rho \alpha_{2}^2 |{\mbf{v}_{2}^H}\mbf{H}_{2}\mbf{p}|^2 \bigg) $. This means that NOMA may lead to unfair data rate between its two users when compared with OMA. Consequently, to further verify the superiority of NOMA over OMA, PA should be conducted such that the data rate of each user in NOMA exceeds its counterpart in OMA. A PA scheme satisfying this requirement is proposed in \cite{17}. However, \cite{17} adopts time-division multiple access with equal power and DoF for its users as the representative of OMA, which does not achieve maximum sum rate for OMA. On the other hand, for a general case, like any PA for OMA, does this conclusion still hold? To the best of our knowledge, this problem has never been considered in the literature.

To validate that NOMA achieves a higher individual rate than OMA for an arbitrary PA in OMA, we need to find the feasible power coefficients for NOMA, which achieve this goal under any given power coefficients and optimal DoF for OMA. The considered problem can be formulated as follows:
\begin{IEEEeqnarray*}{clr}\label{eq:PA}
\displaystyle {\text{find}}  & \quad \alpha_{1}, \alpha_{2} \IEEEyesnumber \IEEEyessubnumber* \\
\text{s.t.} &\quad (10), \\ \nonumber
&\quad \log_2(1+ \rho \alpha_{1}^2 |{\mbf{v}_{1}^H}\mbf{H}_{1}\mbf{p}|^2) \\
  &\quad \geq \lambda_1 \log_2 \bigg( 1+\frac{\rho \alpha_{1'}^2 |{\mbf{v}_{1}^H}\mbf{H}_{1}\mbf{p}|^2}{\lambda_1} \bigg),  \\  \nonumber
   &\quad \log_2 \bigg(1+ \frac{\rho \alpha_{2}^2 |{\mbf{v}_{2}^H}\mbf{H}_{2}\mbf{p}|^2 }
{1+  \rho  \alpha_{1}^2 |{\mbf{v}_{2}^H}\mbf{H}_{2}\mbf{p}|^2} \bigg) \\
&\quad \geq \lambda_2 \log_2 \bigg( 1+\frac{\rho \alpha_{2'}^2 |{\mbf{v}_{2}^H}\mbf{H}_{2}\mbf{p}|^2}{\lambda_2} \bigg), \\
&\quad \alpha_{1}^2+\alpha_{2}^2=1, \alpha_{1}^2, \alpha_{2}^2 \in [0,1],
\end{IEEEeqnarray*}
where (\ref{eq:PA}b) ensures that OMA achieves the maximum sum rate, while (\ref{eq:PA}c) and (\ref{eq:PA}d) guarantee that NOMA outperforms OMA for both users.

\section{Proposed PA scheme}
\subsection{Optimal DoF and Varying Power}
In this section, we propose a PA strategy, which satisfies the constraints (\ref{eq:PA}b)-(\ref{eq:PA}e). First, with some algebraic manipulations on (\ref{eq:PA}c) and (\ref{eq:PA}d), the PA strategy for NOMA is given by
\begin{subequations}\label{eq:PA_con}
\begin{align}
  &\alpha_{1}^2 \geq \frac{(1+\frac{\rho \alpha_{1'}^2 |{\mbf{v}_{1}^H}\mbf{H}_{1}\mbf{p}|^2}{\lambda_1})^ {\lambda_1} -1}{\rho |{\mbf{v}_{1}^H}\mbf{H}_{1}\mbf{p}|^2}, \\
  & \alpha_{1}^2 \leq \frac{1+ \rho |{\mbf{v}_{2}^H}\mbf{H}_{2}\mbf{p}|^2 - (1+\frac{\rho \alpha_{2'}^2 |{\mbf{v}_{2}^H}\mbf{H}_{2}\mbf{p}|^2}{\lambda_2})^ {\lambda_2}}{\rho |{\mbf{v}_{2}^H}\mbf{H}_{2}\mbf{p}|^2 (1+\frac{\rho \alpha_{2'}^2 |{\mbf{v}_{2}^H}\mbf{H}_{2}\mbf{p}|^2}{\lambda_2})^ {\lambda_2}}.
\end{align}
\end{subequations}

Now, to ensure a feasible solution for $\alpha_{1}^2$, the following condition must be satisfied:
\begin{equation} \label{eq:p_1'}
\begin{split}
&\frac{(1+\frac{\rho \alpha_{1'}^2 |{\mbf{v}_{1}^H}\mbf{H}_{1}\mbf{p}|^2}{\lambda_1})^ {\lambda_1} -1}{\rho |{\mbf{v}_{1}^H}\mbf{H}_{1}\mbf{p}|^2}
 \\
 &\leq
 \frac{1+ \rho |{\mbf{v}_{2}^H}\mbf{H}_{2}\mbf{p}|^2 - (1+\frac{\rho \alpha_{2'}^2 |{\mbf{v}_{2}^H}\mbf{H}_{2}\mbf{p}|^2}{\lambda_2})^ {\lambda_2}}{\rho |{\mbf{v}_{2}^H}\mbf{H}_{2}\mbf{p}|^2 (1+\frac{\rho \alpha_{2'}^2 |{\mbf{v}_{2}^H}\mbf{H}_{2}\mbf{p}|^2}{\lambda_2})^ {\lambda_2}}.
 \end{split}
\end{equation}

With the help of (\ref{eq:PA}b), and after some algebraic manipulations, (\ref{eq:p_1'}) can be further expressed as

\begin{IEEEeqnarray*}{llc} \label{eq:p_11'}
&(|{\mbf{v}_{1}^H}\mbf{H}_{1}\mbf{p}|^2-|{\mbf{v}_{2}^H}\mbf{H}_{2}\mbf{p}|^2)
\times
\bigg(
\ub{ 1+\rho \alpha_{2'}^2 |{\mbf{v}_{2}^H}\mbf{H}_{2}\mbf{p}|^2 }_{\text{the first part}}- \notag \\
&\ub{ (1+\rho \alpha_{1'}^2 |{\mbf{v}_{1}^H}\mbf{H}_{1}\mbf{p}|^2+\rho \alpha_{2'}^2 |{\mbf{v}_{2}^H}\mbf{H}_{2}\mbf{p}|^2)^{\frac{\alpha_{2'}^2 |{\mbf{v}_{2}^H}\mbf{H}_{2}\mbf{p}|^2}{\alpha_{1'}^2 |{\mbf{v}_{1}^H}\mbf{H}_{1}\mbf{p}|^2+\alpha_{2'}^2 |{\mbf{v}_{2}^H}\mbf{H}_{2}\mbf{p}|^2}} }_{\text{the second part}} \bigg) \notag \\
&\geq 0.\IEEEyesnumber
\end{IEEEeqnarray*}

In the following lemma, we ensure that \eqref{eq:p_11'} always holds for any PA and optimal DoF for OMA.

\begin{lemma}
Equation \eqref{eq:p_11'} always holds.
\end{lemma}

\begin{IEEEproof}
Since $|{\mbf{v}_{1}^H}\mbf{H}_{1}\mbf{p}|^2 \geq |{\mbf{v}_{2}^H}\mbf{H}_{2}\mbf{p}|^2$, we only need to show that the second term of \eqref{eq:p_11'} is non-negative. We observe the following:

\begin{itemize}
\item the first part is a linear function over $\alpha_{2'}^2$;

\item the second part is a convex function over $\alpha_{2'}^2$ when $\alpha_{2'}^2 \in [0,1]$;

\item the first and second parts intersect when $\alpha_{2'}^2=0$ or \text{$\alpha_{2'}^2=1$}.
\end{itemize}

According to the characteristics of convex function, the line segment between any two points on the graph lies above the graph. Thus, the second term of \eqref{eq:p_11'} is always non-negative when $\alpha_{2'}^2 \in [0,1]$.
\end{IEEEproof}

As a result, we can claim that for any value of $\alpha_{1}^2$ satisfying \eqref{eq:PA_con}, MIMO-NOMA provides higher individual rates when compared with MIMO-OMA.

\subsection{Equal DoF and Varying Power}
In \eqref{eq:PA}, the DoF are split according to \eqref{eq:COMA}. As the PA is arbitrary, the resulting fractions of DoF can also take any value, which may be infeasible to realize in practice \cite{23}. Motivated by this observation, in this section, we consider a simple and practical case when the DoF for two users in the same cluster in MIMO-OMA are equal, while the PA is still arbitrary. Compared with \cite{17}, the considered case is more general as the PA can be arbitrary. In contrast to \cite{6}, which only ensures the QoS of the weak user, the considered case takes into account both strong and weak users.

The corresponding problem can be formulated as:
\begin{IEEEeqnarray*}{clr}\label{eq:equal_degree}
\displaystyle {\text{find}}  & \quad \alpha_{1}, \alpha_{2} \IEEEyesnumber \IEEEyessubnumber* \\  \nonumber
\text{s.t.}
&\quad \log_2(1+ \rho \alpha_{1}^2 |{\mbf{v}_{1}^H}\mbf{H}_{1}\mbf{p}|^2) \\
&\quad \geq \frac{1}{2} \log_2 ( 1+2 \rho \alpha_{1'}^2 |{\mbf{v}_{1}^H}\mbf{H}_{1}\mbf{p}|^2 ) ,  \\  \nonumber
   &\quad \log_2 \bigg(1+ \frac{\rho \alpha_{2}^2 |{\mbf{v}_{2}^H}\mbf{H}_{2}\mbf{p}|^2 }
{1+  \rho  \alpha_{1}^2 |{\mbf{v}_{2}^H}\mbf{H}_{2}\mbf{p}|^2} \bigg) \\
&\quad \geq  \frac{1}{2} \log_2 ( 1+2 \rho \alpha_{2'}^2 |{\mbf{v}_{2}^H}\mbf{H}_{2}\mbf{p}|^2 ), \\
&\quad \alpha_{1}^2+\alpha_{2}^2=1, \alpha_{1}^2, \alpha_{2}^2 \in [0,1].
\end{IEEEeqnarray*}

Note that the main difference between \eqref{eq:equal_degree} and \eqref{eq:PA} lies in the fact that (\ref{eq:PA}b) is no longer a constraint in the former. Instead, both $\lambda_1$ and $\lambda_2$ take a fixed value of $\frac{1}{2}$.

To find the solution of \eqref{eq:equal_degree}, we start with the case when equality is attained in (\ref{eq:equal_degree}c). Accordingly, we have
\begin{subequations}\label{eq:weak_user_equal}
\begin{align}
\frac{(1+\rho  |{\mbf{v}_{2}^H}\mbf{H}_{2}\mbf{p}|^2)^2}{(1+\rho \alpha_{1}^2 |{\mbf{v}_{2}^H}\mbf{H}_{2}\mbf{p}|^2)^2}=1+2\rho (1-\alpha_{1'}^2) |{\mbf{v}_{2}^H}\mbf{H}_{2}\mbf{p}|^2 \\
\Longleftrightarrow \alpha_{1}^2=
\frac{1+\rho |{\mbf{v}_{2}^H}\mbf{H}_{2}\mbf{p}|^2 - \sqrt{1+ 2\rho \alpha_{2'}^2 |{\mbf{v}_{2}^H}\mbf{H}_{2}\mbf{p}|^2}}{\rho |{\mbf{v}_{2}^H}\mbf{H}_{2}\mbf{p}|^2 \sqrt{1+ 2\rho \alpha_{2'}^2 |{\mbf{v}_{2}^H}\mbf{H}_{2}\mbf{p}|^2}}.
\end{align}
\end{subequations}

On this basis, we ensure that (\ref{eq:equal_degree}b) always holds. To achieve that, we rewrite (\ref{eq:equal_degree}b) as
\begin{equation} \label{eq:weak_equal1}
(1+\rho \alpha_{1}^2 |{\mbf{v}_{1}^H}\mbf{H}_{1}\mbf{p}|^2)^2 \geq  1+2 \rho \alpha_{1'}^2 |{\mbf{v}_{1}^H}\mbf{H}_{1}\mbf{p}|^2,
\end{equation}
and (\ref{eq:weak_user_equal}a) as
\begin{IEEEeqnarray*}{lll} \label{eq:weak_proof}
&1+2 \rho \alpha_{1'}^2 |{\mbf{v}_{2}^H}\mbf{H}_{2}\mbf{p}|^2  \\
&=
2(1+ \rho  |{\mbf{v}_{2}^H}\mbf{H}_{2}\mbf{p}|^2 )
- \frac{(1+\rho  |{\mbf{v}_{2}^H}\mbf{H}_{2}\mbf{p}|^2)^2}{(1+\rho \alpha_{1}^2 |{\mbf{v}_{2}^H}\mbf{H}_{2}\mbf{p}|^2)^2} \\
& =
2(1+ \rho  |{\mbf{v}_{2}^H}\mbf{H}_{2}\mbf{p}|^2 ) +
(1+\rho \alpha_{1}^2 |{\mbf{v}_{2}^H}\mbf{H}_{2}\mbf{p}|^2)^2  \\
&\quad - \bigg [ (1+\rho \alpha_{1}^2 |{\mbf{v}_{2}^H}\mbf{H}_{2}\mbf{p}|^2)^2
+ \frac{(1+\rho  |{\mbf{v}_{2}^H}\mbf{H}_{2}\mbf{p}|^2)^2}{(1+\rho \alpha_{1}^2 |{\mbf{v}_{2}^H}\mbf{H}_{2}\mbf{p}|^2)^2} \bigg] \\
& \leq
2(1+ \rho  |{\mbf{v}_{2}^H}\mbf{H}_{2}\mbf{p}|^2 ) +
(1+\rho \alpha_{1}^2 |{\mbf{v}_{2}^H}\mbf{H}_{2}\mbf{p}|^2)^2  \\
&\quad - 2 (1+\rho  |{\mbf{v}_{2}^H}\mbf{H}_{2}\mbf{p}|^2) \\
&= (1+\rho \alpha_{1}^2 |{\mbf{v}_{2}^H}\mbf{H}_{2}\mbf{p}|^2)^2,  \IEEEyesnumber
\end{IEEEeqnarray*}
where the inequality comes from the Jensen's inequality.

Now, with the help of \eqref{eq:order} and \eqref{eq:weak_proof}, we obtain
\begin{equation}
\begin{split}
&(1+\rho \alpha_{1}^2 |{\mbf{v}_{1}^H}\mbf{H}_{1}\mbf{p}|^2)^2 - 1-2 \rho \alpha_{1'}^2 |{\mbf{v}_{1}^H}\mbf{H}_{1}\mbf{p}|^2 \\
&\geq (1+\rho \alpha_{1}^2 |{\mbf{v}_{2}^H}\mbf{H}_{2}\mbf{p}|^2)^2 - 1-2 \rho \alpha_{1'}^2 |{\mbf{v}_{2}^H}\mbf{H}_{2}\mbf{p}|^2  \\
&\geq 0,
\end{split}
\end{equation}
which is exactly (\ref{eq:weak_equal1}). Hence, (\ref{eq:equal_degree}b) always holds.

Similarly, we can prove that when equality is achieved for (\ref{eq:equal_degree}b), (\ref{eq:equal_degree}c) holds.  In this case, we have the PA strategy for NOMA as
\begin{equation} \label{eq:value_1}
\alpha_{1}^2=\frac{\sqrt{1+2 \rho \alpha_{1'}^2 |{\mbf{v}_{1}^H}\mbf{H}_{1}\mbf{p}|^2}-1}{\rho  |{\mbf{v}_{1}^H}\mbf{H}_{1}\mbf{p}|^2}.
\end{equation}

Clearly, when $\alpha_{1}^2$ lies in the boundary between the values in \eqref{eq:weak_user_equal} and \eqref{eq:value_1}, MIMO-NOMA always achieves higher individual rates than MIMO-OMA.

\begin{figure}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=0.5\textwidth]{eps/eqDoFF.eps}
\caption{Individual rate comparison between NOMA and OMA with equal DoF, as the power coefficient of user 2 for OMA varies.}
\end{figure}

\section{Simulation Results}
In this section, simulations are conducted to compare the individual rates of MIMO-NOMA and MIMO-OMA, and hence, verify the accuracy of the developed analytical results. In simulations, $M=4$ and the path-loss exponent is 3.8.

Fig. 1 compares the individual rate between MIMO-NOMA and MIMO-OMA with equal DoF, when the power coefficient for the weak user varies. In simulations, \text{$\rho=30$ dB}, $|{\mbf{v}_{1}^H}\mbf{H}_{1}\mbf{p}|^2=0.052$ and $|{\mbf{v}_{2}^H}\mbf{H}_{2}\mbf{p}|^2=0.0052$. Note that $\text{NOMA}_1$ and $\text{NOMA}_2$ denote the cases when the power coefficient of the strong user in MIMO-NOMA satisfies \eqref{eq:value_1} and (\ref{eq:weak_user_equal}b), respectively. As expected, $R_1$ in $\text{NOMA}_1$ equals  that in OMA, while $R_2$ in $\text{NOMA}_2$ is the same as that in OMA. Moreover, both $R_2$ in $\text{NOMA}_1$ and $R_1$ in $\text{NOMA}_2$ exceed  their counterparts in OMA, which verifies the superiority of NOMA over OMA in terms of individual rate. Particularly, when $\alpha_{2'}^2 \in [0,0.8]$, it can be seen that $R_1^{\text{NOMA}_1}=R_1^{\text{OMA}} > R_2^{\text{NOMA}_1} > R_2^{\text{OMA}} $. Therefore, $\text{NOMA}_1$ also provides better fairness than OMA.

\begin{figure}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=0.5\textwidth]{eps/R1.eps}
\caption{The rate of user 1, i.e., $R_1$ versus $\rho$ for both NOMA and OMA.}
\end{figure}

Figs. 2-4 present results obtained when the optimal DoF is used for OMA. The legends $\text{NOMA}_3$ and $\text{NOMA}_4$ denote the scenarios when $\alpha_{1}^2$ follows (\ref{eq:PA_con}b) and (\ref{eq:PA_con}a), respectively. In addition, the legends OMA \cite{17} and OMA denote the OMA scheme in \cite{17} (with equal power and DoF) and the one considered in this paper (with arbitrary power and optimal DoF), respectively.

\begin{figure}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=0.5\textwidth]{eps/R2.eps}
\caption{The rate of user 2, i.e., $R_2$ versus $\rho$ for both NOMA and OMA.}
\end{figure}

In Fig. 2, we show how $R_1$ varies with $\rho$ for the previously mentioned four schemes. It can be seen that $\text{NOMA}_3$ achieves the highest rate for $R_1$, while OMA in \cite{17} obtains the lowest rate. In addition, $\text{NOMA}_4$ attains the same rate as OMA considered in this paper. Likewise, in Fig. 3, we illustrate how $R_2$ varies with $\rho$ for the above four schemes. Clearly, $\text{NOMA}_4$ achieves the highest rate for $R_2$, being followed by OMA \cite{17}. $\text{NOMA}_3$ obtains the same rate as OMA. Combining these two figures, we can easily conclude that NOMA can always achieve higher individual rates than OMA considered in this paper, once \eqref{eq:PA_con} is satisfied. Particularly, under $\text{NOMA}_4$, better fairness is achieved by NOMA when compared with OMA. Morover, NOMA also outperforms OMA \cite{17}, as both $R_1$ and  $R_2$ for $\text{NOMA}_4$ are higher than that for OMA \cite{17}.

Lastly, from Fig. 4, we can observe that OMA considered in this paper has a larger sum rate than OMA \cite{17} owing to the use of optimal DoF. This justifies the necessity of optimizing the DoF for the comparison between NOMA and OMA. The order of the sum rate is $\text{NOMA}_3>\text{NOMA}_4>\text{OMA}>\text{OMA \cite{17}}$. $\text{NOMA}_3>\text{NOMA}_4$ can be explained by the fact that allocating more power to the stronger user results in a higher sum rate.

\section{Conclusion}
A fair individual rate comparison between MIMO-NOMA and MIMO-OMA has been investigated. We have proposed a PA strategy, which guarantees that MIMO-NOMA achieves a higher individual rate than MIMO-OMA with arbitrary power coefficients and optimized DoF. Additionally, we have shown that this also holds for the case of equal DoF and arbitrary power coefficients. Numerical results verify the accuracy of the developed analytical results.

\begin{figure}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=0.5\textwidth]{eps/Sum_rate.eps}
\caption{The sum rate versus $\rho$ for both NOMA and OMA.}
\end{figure}

\bibliographystyle{IEEEtran}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


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text:
Isarescu, BNR: Economic growth should be 4 pc per annum
by Nine O' Clock July 24, 2013 0105
According to the central bank Governor education, as well as healthcare, are a major source in securing the human capital that is so important in the modern economy.
It will be better for Romania's economic growth to be 4 per cent a year if this is its potential, instead of 7 per cent, Governor of the National Bank of Romania (BNR) Mugur Isarescu told Wednesday in the 11th edition of the event 'Mugur Isarescu and his guests.' The theme chosen by Isarescu for this year was Romania's economic outlook.
'I hope we will learn once and forever that if we speed up economic growth beyond a sustainable level in pre-election times, we only speed up its decline in the post-election ones. Romania should want a long development cycle with as few declines as possible. (…) Concomitantly with such type of economic growth I believe we have to finalise Romania's infrastructures. Remember, this is not physical infrastructure I am talking about, such as transport infrastructure, by the healthcare and education ones,' said Isarescu.
He added that education, as well as healthcare, is a major source in securing the human capital that is so important in the modern economy.
On the other hand, according to Isarescu, the lower ratio of workers per retiree will represent a major imbalance in the next 10-20 years.
'Without a long term solution term, like the increase in the number of contributors in general and especially of contributors to social budgets, the other goal, of balanced economic growth, can not be achieved. We are in a situation where almost all government deficit in Romania comes from the pension account, which is an extremely important fact to consider. While comparing the current situation with the past, I believe that the word sustainable is essential, on condition that we are taking into consideration not only short-term solutions, but economic growth in the long run,' said Isarescu. According to him, that it will be a very good calibration of policies to resources.
According to statistics recently published by the Ministry of Labour, Family, Social Protection and the Elderly, the total number of pensioners stood at 5.258 million at the end of March 2013, down by 92,550 persons compared with the same interval in 2012. Given the number of employees, 4.3605 million people at the end of March 2013, according to the National Institute of Statistics, there were 1.21 retirees per worker, compared to 1.23 retirees per worker at the end of last year. Of the total, 88.98 percent of the retirees were entitled to state social security (4,678,750 persons), while 11.02 percent were former farmers (579,220 persons).
According to BNR Deputy Governor Cristian Popa, Romania continues to have a low labour participation rate, while a long-term economic growth can exist without necessarily stressing activity in rural areas. At the same time, he claims Romania cannot be an exception to the continental model in which the biggest part of the intermediation activity consists of insuring credit institutions.
Predictable financial flow to win credibility
The State must have at its disposal a predictable financial flow to win credibility in front of investors, BNR First Deputy Governor Florin Georgescu told in the same conference.
'The economic growth is determined by the result of a better combination between a set of policies, on the one hand, and the private initiative, on the other hand. The State must efficiently manage the stakes in the state-owned companies it still has and the goods and services of a physical and human nature. The State must support the entrepreneurship actions by diversifying the state-aid schemes. These budget financial instruments are capable to stimulate economic growth,' Georgescu said.
According to the BNR official, the Romanian State should have in view three main directions, among which the most important being the entrepreneurship support and the asset management.
In his turn, Daniel Daianu, First Vice President of the Financial Supervisory Authority (ASF), stated that joining the EuroArea represents a nightmare today in the absence of adjustment instruments and a modicum of competitiveness, the risk being of dying while holding the Euro. According to the economist, the banks are currently not capitalized, many business models are collapsing and Romania has a "broken" financial intermediation system.
Gov't Okays privatisation contract of CFR Marfa
Romanians' trust in government improves from last autumn
Otopeni Airport, 58th EU-wide with respect to annual passenger flow
Nine O' Clock May 14, 2012
Romania, market with one of the fastest growing for ABC Data Distribution
Nine O' Clock September 27, 2016
25-storey tower to be built near Bucharest's Ford Hall
Nine O' Clock May 18, 2011 May 18, 2011


text:
Tag Archives: Saturday Night Live
Jew of the Week: Shelley Berman
Sheldon Leonard Berman (1925-2017) was born in Chicago. After serving in the navy during the Second World War, he went to study drama and theatre. Berman soon moved to New York in search of his big break, and in the mean time made a living as a taxi driver, dance instructor, speech therapist, and drug store worker. Failing to find success, Berman returned to Chicago and joined the Compass Players actors group. This group would transform into The Second City, an improv troupe that became one of the most influential in the world, eventually spawning Saturday Night Live, and many other hit shows and comedy clubs. In 1957, Berman started doing stand-up comedy and was soon signed to a record deal. His first three albums all went gold, and Berman won the first-ever Grammy for a comedy recording. With this, Berman launched an industry, making comedy albums popular and paving the way for countless future comedians. Berman starred on Broadway, and appeared on multiple TV shows, including The Ed Sullivan Show, The Twilight Zone, and MacGyver; as well as Friends, The King of Queens, Curb Your Enthusiasm, and Grey's Anatomy later in his career. Berman also appeared in 11 films, wrote three books, two plays, and numerous poems and TV scripts. For twenty years, he taught humour writing at the University of Southern California. Berman was famous for his clean, innocent jokes; for making the annoyances of everyday life hilarious. Great comedians like Steve Martin, Woody Allen, and Jerry Seinfeld followed in his footsteps, and credited him with both being an inspiration, and "changing modern stand-up". Sadly, Berman passed away last month from complications related to Alzheimer's. Berman left behind a daughter, and a wife to whom he was happily married for an incredible seventy years. This was the achievement he was most proud of, and said: "The love we have and the way it has grown, that's what I'd like to be remembered for."
Humour uplifts the mind from a state of constricted consciousness to a state of expanded consciousness.
– Rabbi Israel Baal Shem Tov
This entry was posted in Arts & Entertainment and tagged Broadway, Chicago, Comedians, Comedy, Grammy Award, Jewish Actors, MacGyver, Saturday Night Live, Television, The Ed Sullivan Show, Theatre on October 4, 2017 by Jew of the Week.
Jew of the Week: Lorne Michaels
America's King of Comedy
Lorne Michaels
Lorne Michael Lipowitz (b. 1944) was born in a kibbutz in Israel. While still a child, his family immigrated to Toronto, Canada where he grew up (and graduated from the University of Toronto with a degree in English). He first started working as a writer for the CBC, and by 1968 moved to Los Angeles to write for a couple of comedy shows. He briefly returned to Canada in the early 70s (by now officially known as Lorne Michaels) to star in a Canadian comedy show called The Hart and Lorne Terrific Hour. While working for NBC in 1975, Michaels co-created NBC's Saturday Night, and served as its main writer and producer. The show was an instant hit, and quickly gained popularity across the country. Two years later, the program changed its name to Saturday Night Live. It has since won 36 Emmy Awards (with 156 nominations), and is consistently among the highest-rated late night TV shows. More significantly, the show launched the careers of some of the world's best-known comedians, including Adam Sandler, Chris Rock, Eddie Murphy, Mike Myers, Rob Schneider, Sarah Silverman, and Will Ferrell. Last week, the show celebrated its 40th anniversary, making it one of America's longest-running shows (and longest-running late night show). It has also been ranked among the greatest TV shows of all time. Meanwhile, Michaels has served as executive producer of the popular shows 30 Rock and Up All Night, as well as NBC's Late Night with Conan O'Brien, and since 2013, The Tonight Show hosted by Jimmy Fallon. All in all, Michaels played a key role in over 40 films and television programs. He has won many prestigious awards for his work, and was honoured with a star on both Hollywood's Walk of Fame and Canada's Walk of Fame. Described as America's "primary satirical voice" and the "father of American popular comedy", Michaels is also a member of the Order of Canada, and the TV Academy Hall of Fame.
Some people like the Jews, and some do not. But no thoughtful man can deny the fact that they are, beyond any question, the most formidable and most remarkable race which has appeared in the world.
– Sir Winston Churchill
This entry was posted in Arts & Entertainment and tagged 30 Rock, Canadian Jews, CBC, Emmy Award, Hollywood, Israel, Kibbutz, Los Angeles, NBC, Order of Canada, Saturday Night Live, Television, The Tonight Show, Toronto, University of Toronto, Walk of Fame on February 18, 2015 by Jew of the Week.
Jews of the Week: Jerry Seinfeld & Larry David
Voted one of the greatest comedians of all time, Jerome Allen "Jerry" Seinfeld started his career at an open-mic night after graduating from college. He found his way to a Rodney Dangerfield HBO special, then appearances on late night talk shows, and small roles in little-known sitcoms. Finally, in 1989 he created The Seinfeld Chronicles along with fellow New York Jew Larry David. By its fourth season (then known simply as Seinfeld) it had become the most successful sitcom ever, and made Seinfeld the highest-paid celebrity of the time (he earned $267 million in 1998 alone!) Seinfeld is also a bestselling author and winner of multiple Emmy and Golden Globe awards. Interestingly, his father was Austrian Jewish, and his mother's family is Syrian Jewish, having immigrated to the US from Turkey. Seinfeld also worked in an Israeli Kibbutz when he was 16.
Meanwhile, Lawrence Gene "Larry" David co-created and wrote 62 episodes for Seinfeld, including "The Contest" which won the distinction of being the best TV show episode of all time. Previously, he was a writer for Saturday Night Live, and many other comedy shows. Larry David is most famous for starring in Curb Your Enthusiasm, a unique show where the script is improvised by the actors as they are being filmed. It has been both criticized and praised for its heavy emphasis on Judaism and Jewish themes, and the show is thought to be based on the Yiddish archetype of a "schlemiel". Like Seinfeld, Larry David is an author and winner of multiple Emmy awards.
"A bookstore is one of the only pieces of evidence we have that people are still thinking."
– Jerry Seinfeld
This entry was posted in Arts & Entertainment and tagged American Jews, Austrian Jews, Author, Brooklyn, Comedians, Comedy, Curb Your Enthusiasm, Emmy Award, Golden Globe Award, HBO, is jerry seinfeld jewish, is larry david jewish, is seinfeld jewish, Israel, Kibbutz, New York, Rodney Dangerfield, Saturday Night Live, Schlemiel, Seinfeld, Sitcom, Syrian Jews, Talk Shows, Turkey, Yiddish on September 12, 2012 by Jew of the Week.


The Progressive Conservative Party has won the Ontario provincial election and there may be some good news ahead for household budgets.
But while the party has made plenty of promises to cut taxes, reduce regulatory burdens, and help families; there has been less talk about the housing market.
That's because new premier Doug Ford is a believer in market forces rather than government intervention.
"I believe in the market dictating. The market, no matter whether it's the stock market or anything, it will always take care of itself—supply and demand," he recently told the Globe and Mail.
Mr Ford has also mooted the idea of scrapping the 15% tax on foreign ownership, raising concerns of some including BMO chief economist Doug Porter.
"How that can possibly be a top priority, especially given very compelling evidence that said tax played a huge role in deflating the Toronto housing bubble in the past year, is a mystery," Porter said.
While there may or may not be government action on housing affordability, the PCs have promised to cut taxes; for corporates and small businesses, which will help real estate agents and mortgage brokers as well as many other small business owners; but also for households.
Reacting to the election result, CIBC economists Royce Mendes and Katherine Judge highlight the "tangible promises" made during the campaign including minimum wage earners to receive a tax credit for the full amount of their income taxes.
Individuals in the second income tax bracket could also see their tax bills fall by 20% and there are proposals for child-care tax reforms and lower taxes on gas and hydro bills.


Location of Andhra Pradesh in India: ... The state possesses some rare and endemic plants like Cycas beddomei, Pterocarpus santalinus, Terminalia pallida, ... Thermal (natural gas and coal based) and renewable power plants totalling to 21,000 MW were installed in the state by the year 2015.
bio coal plants in andhra pradesh GVK (conglomerate) - Wikipedia GVK is an Indian conglomerate spanning diverse sectors including energy, resources, airports, transportation, hospitality and life sciences.
Andhra Pradesh government has allotted 972 acres of land that includes wetlands to Nagarjuna Construction Company (NCC) in order to build a coal- based thermal power plant. NCC has privately acquired over 500 acres in addition to the land provided by the government for their project.
Priya trading company is a leading Coal Supplier in India . It Offers a complete mine to plant solution to its customers . Read More. ... in 2007 under the ROF Act and the corporate office of the company is located in the Port city of Visakhapatnam in Andhra Pradesh, India. Read More.
GAVL has about 10,000 hectares of oil palm in Andhra Pradesh, Goa and ... to set up a state-of-the-art bio diesel plant near Kakinada in Andhra Pradesh in a joint .... waste CO2 from coal fired power plant flue gases as a fertilizer for the algae.
State Electricity Boards of Punjab, Karnataka, Gujrat, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh took initiative in involving private entrepreneurs to invest in putting up a washery at the pit head and deliver washed coal to them.
New Delhi and Moscow have agreed that at least 50% of the components required for the new atomic power plant in Andhra Pradesh will be manufactured in India. ... Coal-powered loco chugs again.
Power sector of Andhra Pradesh - Wikipedia. Power sector of Andhra Pradesh is divided into 4 categories namely Regulation, Generation, Transmission and Distribution.Andhra Pradesh Electricity Regulatory Commission (APERC) is the regulatory body.
Andhra Pradesh was the most ambitious state in this endeavor, as it proposed for 7 major and 30 smaller coal-powered power stations. One such larger power station was to be built in Sompeta in the Srikakulam district.
COAL â STEAM COAL, COKING COALWe organize for the import of various grades of coking coal and steam coal to meet the growing demand of coking coal and steam coal consumption in India to Steel Industries, Rolling mills, Sponge iron mills, Power plants, sugar Industries, cement industries, Brick chambers etc..
Gold Suppliers are pre-qualified suppliers. .. 100 MW Cogeneration Power Plant - Pet Coke/Coal Fired - CFB Boiler . online shopping pet coke impact crusher, coal mines andhra pradesh/coal impact crushing . 2016 New Polyester Sludge Dewatering Fabric/Coal Washing Filter Cloth.
Thermal power plants are based on the fuel coal, gas, diesel etc. Public sector undertaking NTPC, state level power generating companies and private firms are engaged in this sector for power generation.. Currently operating coal based thermal power plants in Andhra Pradesh are listed below.
cement plant work andhra pradesh: ...Andhra Pradesh:Sale Of Cement Grinding Plant With Coal In …Cement Plant Work Andhra Pradesh. . Chat With Sales » Glass Crushing Plant Price Grinding Ball Spesifikasi. Industry News. Coal Mill Table Feeder In Cement Plant;Andhra Pradesh Cement industry news …India: Larsen & Toubro has won an order to build cement plants in Odisha and Andhra Pradesh.


You've nailed your marketing message and target audience; leads are pouring in and sales are great. But any time an employee gives their two weeks or you find yourself understaffed, you break into a cold sweat as positions go unfilled for weeks, even months.
The problem may be twofold: You're not looking in the right places, and you're not saying the right things about your company. And if the only place you talk about how great it is to work at your pool company is in a job posting, you're really in trouble.
You must continually market your company to potential employees, regardless of whether you have current openings. Here are some easy things you can do to make your company look like the best gig in town.
Post pictures on social media of employees enjoying their job. Smiling faces behind the scenes not only catch the attention of potential new hires, but also endear customers to your brand.
Celebrate events in your employees' lives. It doesn't have to be big, but acknowledging birthdays, weddings, births and anniversaries (work-related or otherwise) shows you care about your workers.
Ditch the company Christmas party and find unique events throughout the year to treat your employees. OK, you can still have a Christmas party; it just shouldn't be the only time you all get together.
Tell people about your perks. For some reason, companies think they need to keep wages and benefits a secret. Don't! Be transparent about your pay structure and benefit plans, and include unique options if you can afford it. For instance, if you offer parental leave, see if you can include a similar benefit for families who are adopting.
Get testimonials from employees. Even better, shoot a video of employees talking about the things they like the most about their job and your company. Put it on your company's jobs landing page.
Have a place on your website specifically for careers. Even if you don't have current openings, keep this page up to date with a focus on the company culture.
It wasn't that long ago that CareerBuilder.com and Monster.com were the top places to post a job listing and find candidates. However, now there are some new sites that actually help match you with the people most qualified for your positions.
You can post a job to Indeed as well as search the resumes of job seekers for free. If you want to reach out to someone who matches your requirements, you pay $1 to contact them. Indeed also aggregates jobs posted on other websites, so someone who is job hunting only has to search on a single site to find most jobs.
ZipRecruiter will send your job post to more than 100 job boards. So instead of going through the hassle of posting the same job to several places, then checking those accounts separately to see who replied, you can do it once to reach the most candidates, then manage all responses in one place. ZipRecruiter also works as a matchmaker, using algorithms to match jobs to candidates and vice versa. They offer a free trial to employers, then charge a monthly fee depending on the services you want.
If you're looking to fill a top-level sales or management position, it might be worth it to pay for a headhunter to do the looking for you. Often these agencies don't get paid unless they bring you someone you actually hire, but those costs can feel steep compared to the more passive approach of waiting for people to come to you. Depending on the company and type of position you're looking to fill, they can charge anywhere from 10 to 25 percent of the candidate's first-year salary.