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Healthcare Industry News: transdermal patch
Biopharmaceuticals FDA Drug Delivery
Shire's DAYTRANA(TM) Transdermal Patch Approved by FDA for Treatment of ADHD
PHILADELPHIA, Pennsylvania and BASINGSTOKE, England, April 6 (HSMN NewsFeed) -- Shire plc (LSE: SHP, NASDAQ: SHPGY, TSX: SHQ) announced today that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved DAYTRANA (methylphenidate transdermal system), the first and only non-oral medication for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). DAYTRANA, a once daily transdermal patch formulation of methylphenidate, will be available in 10 mg, 15 mg, 20 mg and 30 mg dosage strengths.
"The approval of DAYTRANA is important news for ADHD patients, their families and healthcare providers. In addition to being the only patch treatment for ADHD, it offers a convenient option to deliver medicine for those diagnosed with ADHD," said Shire Chief Executive Officer Matthew Emmens. "The addition of DAYTRANA to Shire's portfolio reaffirms our position as the market leader in ADHD."
Shire and Noven Pharmaceuticals, Inc. submitted an amended New Drug Application (NDA) for DAYTRANA to the FDA in June of last year. DAYTRANA is licensed globally to Shire by Noven and will be available in pharmacies in the U.S. in mid 2006.
The efficacy of DAYTRANA was established in two controlled clinical trials in children aged 6 to 12 years old with ADHD. DAYTRANA combines methylphenidate, a medication with a 50-year history of use, with Noven's patented DOT Matrix(TM) transdermal technology. This transdermal delivery system delivers medication directly through the skin into the bloodstream, and is designed to provide consistent, smooth drug release throughout the day. The patch is designed to stay on during the normal daily activities of a child, including swimming, exercising, and bathing. Because DAYTRANA is a patch, physicians can manage the duration of its effect and potential side effects by having the patient wear the patch for a shorter time period than the recommended 9 hour wear time on a given day. In clinical trials, wearing a DAYTRANA patch for 9 hours provided a duration of effect of 12 hours.
"The FDA's approval of DAYTRANA offers an important new option in the treatment of ADHD in children," said Robert Findling, MD, lead investigator and Professor of Psychiatry; Director, Division of Adolescent and Child Psychiatry, Case Western University. "DAYTRANA has been shown to be effective and generally well tolerated in clinical studies, and offers ADHD treatment in the convenient form of a patch."
As part of the agreement between Shire and Noven for DAYTRANA, Shire completed an upfront payment to Noven of $25 million in 2003, and may make separate milestone payments up to $125 million; $50 million will be paid dictated by this FDA approval and $75 million conditioned upon the achievement of certain sales targets.
DAYTRANA Significantly Controls ADHD Symptoms
Data from phase II and phase III clinical trials demonstrated statistically significant improvements in the primary and secondary endpoints analyzed for children treated with DAYTRANA compared to children treated with placebo.
The phase II analog classroom study included 79 children with ADHD. The patch was worn for nine hours, and efficacy was assessed throughout the day for 12 hours. DAYTRANA demonstrated statistically significant improvement over placebo on the measures tested. Behavior, which was measured using the Swanson, Kotkin, Agler, M-Flynn, and Pelham-Deportment (SKAMP-D) scale, was improved with DAYTRANA overall (mean score 3.2 for DAYTRANA versus 8.0 for placebo) and at all time points assessed up to and including 12 hours post-application (P < .01). The mean number of math problems attempted by children taking DAYTRANA on the Permanent Product Measure of Performance (PERMP) scale was significantly more than those taking placebo (P <.0001) and this same group also completed more math problems correctly than did those taking placebo (P <.0001).
In the phase III naturalistic trial with 270 participants, investigators found that DAYTRANA worn for nine hours reduced the children's overall symptoms of ADHD, compared to a placebo (P < .0001), as measured by scores on the ADHD Rating Scale-IV (ADHD-RS-IV). By the study's end, mean ADHD-RS-IV scores declined 56% (24.2 points) from baseline for children treated with DAYTRANA versus a decline of 25 % (10.3) for those treated with placebo (P < .0001). ADHD-RS assesses 18 individual symptoms of ADHD as defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision®, a publication of the American Psychiatric Association.
In both studies, DAYTRANA was generally well tolerated during both the dose optimization and double-blind phases. Adverse events typically were mild to moderate, resolved with continued therapy and were consistent with known effects of methylphenidate. Common adverse events seen in clinical trials included: decreased appetite, insomnia, nausea, vomiting, weight loss, tic, and affect lability (mood swings).
Shire's strategic goal is to become the leading specialty pharmaceutical company that focuses on meeting the needs of the specialist physician. Shire focuses its business on central nervous system, gastrointestinal, general products and human genetic therapies - all being areas in which Shire has a commercial presence. The structure is sufficiently flexible to allow Shire to target new therapeutic areas to the extent opportunities arise through acquisitions. Shire believes that a carefully selected portfolio of products with strategically aligned and relatively small-scale sales forces will deliver strong results. Shire's strategy is to develop and market products for specialty physicians. Shire's in-licensing and merger and acquisition efforts are focused on products in niche markets with strong intellectual property protection either in the US or Europe.
For further information on Shire, please visit the Company's website: www.shire.com.
About DAYTRANA
DAYTRANA was generally well tolerated in clinical studies. As with other products containing methylphenidate (the active ingredient in DAYTRANA), common side effects reported in children who received DAYTRANA were decreased appetite, insomnia, nausea, vomiting, weight loss, tic, and affect lability (mood swings).
DAYTRANA should not be used by children with allergies to methylphenidate or other ingredients in DAYTRANA. The patch should be applied daily to clean, dry skin, which is free of any cuts or irritation. Avoid applying external heat to the patch. Skin irritation or allergic skin rashes may occur. Methylphenidate should not be taken by children with significant anxiety, tension, or agitation; glaucoma; tics; Tourette's syndrome, or family history of Tourette's syndrome; or current/recent use of MAO inhibitors (a type of antidepressant). Abuse of methylphenidate may lead to dependence. Tell your healthcare professional if your child has had problems with alcohol or drugs or has had depression, abnormal thoughts/behaviors, visual disturbances, seizures, high blood pressure, or heart conditions including structural abnormalities.
For additional information, please visit www.DAYTRANA.com.
About ADHD
ADHD affects approximately 7.8 percent of all school-age children, more than 4 million in the United States. ADHD is considered the most commonly diagnosed psychiatric disorder in children and adolescents. ADHD is a neurological brain disorder that manifests as a persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity that is more frequent and severe than is typically observed in individuals at a comparable age and maturity. If untreated, ADHD can acutely affect a child's life, leading to problems with family members, friends, sports, after-school activities and academics.
"SAFE HARBOR" STATEMENT UNDER THE PRIVATE SECURITIES LITIGATION REFORM ACT OF 1995
Statements included herein that are not historical facts are forwarding-looking statements. Such forward-looking statements involve a number of risks and uncertainties and are subject to change at any time. In the event such risks or uncertainties materialize, Shire plc's results could be materially affected. The risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to: risks associated with the inherent uncertainty of pharmaceutical research, product development, manufacturing and commercialization; the impact of competitive products, including, but not limited to, the impact of those on Shire plc's Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder ("ADHD") franchise; patents, including but not limited to, legal challenges relating to Shire plc's ADHD franchise; government regulation and approval, including but not limited to the expected product approval dates of SPD503 (ADHD), SPD465 (ADHD), MESAVANCE(TM) (SPD476) (ulcerative colitis), ELAPRASE(TM) (I2S) (Hunter syndrome) and NRP104 (ADHD), including its scheduling classification by the Drug Enforcement Administration in the United States; Shire plc's ability to benefit from the acquisition of Transkaryotic Therapies Inc.; Shire plc's ability to secure new products for commercialization and/or development; and other risks and uncertainties detailed from time to time in Shire plc's and its predecessor registrant Shire Pharmaceuticals Group plc's filings with the US Securities and Exchange Commission, including Shire plc's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005.
Source: Shire
Search: Shire
Search: Noven Pharmaceuticals
Search: DAYTRANA
Search: methylphenidate transdermal system
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[Mary Louisa Mitchell Binckley at Abingdon, Virginia, to John Milton Binckley at [within a day's postal delivery -- unless she means "ultimo" instead of "instant"], July 3rd, 1867].
Your letter of [the] 2d Inst. came a while ago. I write only a line to answer your question about my health. I think I am really better -- my back ache is much less frequent -- my nervous attacks towards evening scarcely ever come now. I did have one or two while in Russell. I have neuralgia in my back and as this is a neuralgic climate & I cannot hope to be entirely free from it; but on the whole my health is steadily on the mend.
We have had only 3 days hot weather yesterday and the day before -- while in Russell and Tazewell I was most of the time really too cold. Even here they never have a hot night. So I feel very languid from the effects of the first hot weather. But I think may safely say that I am really much better.
Yesterday uncle Joe spent in Abingdon, took breakfast with us, and dinner at cousin John's. Mother and I were invited to dine with him there. You ought to have shared that dinner! Beautiful china, flowers on the table, such a saddle of mutton! [E]very vegetable of the season. Ice cream and cake.
I must stop -- no time for more -- will write again tomorrow, unless mother carries out her visiting plans. Uncle Bev is just getting about. Please send me Rosa Slocumb's direction.
By mistake your longest and most interesting letter was put away while I was gone, and mother forgot it until yesterday, the one I mean containing three verses. I have no time to answer that letter now. I have much to say to you. Children perfectly well -- send most loving words to you and all. Aunt Lou never tires of talking of you or reading your articles.


This project was created on 01/15/2016 and last updated 2 years ago.
Confocal microscopy is a standard tool (especially in biology and the life sciences) to image at the diffraction limit.
If you have got a microscope at home, you probably know that reaching the theoretical resolution of about 200nm isn't going to work. High-end research-grade machines are needed for that.
We are circumventing the problem by building a scanning confocal microscope from easily available components, such as a Blu-ray drive, a microcontroller, some steppers and a micro-positioner. Once finished, we will be able to take pictures of things at micrometer resolution.
It's about imaging objects at the micrometer scale, using "off-the-shelf" components (quite literally sometimes off the things-I-took-apart-shelf) and a fair amount of reverse-engineering and hacking.
The heart of the microscope will be a Blu-Ray drive read head. It's an incredible piece of engineering, and the optical/electronic components that we need for our microscope are already in there. The challenge will be to get access to the components, to drive/read them at will, and to integrate the read head with a precision stage.
The scan area will initially be limited to 1mm in one direction and a few mm in the other.
For focusing we will use the quad-photodiode built into the read head.
More detail on all of this will follow in the project logs, as and when we achieve them.
BluBEAM has been selected as one of the winning projects in the Hackaday prize "citizen scientist" round!
A big thank you for your support guys, and your great comments and questions.
Serious things have happened in our country (the U.K.) overnight, so we thought we would cheer ourselves up by imaging a lithographically fabricated familiar figure. The Jolly Wrencher was patterned with direct write laser lithography, which can reach a resolution of better that 1 um, and of course it is similarly imaged with our scanning laser beam, with similar resolution. The total width of the Wrencher field is 125 um, which is just less than the minimum track width you can order from OSH Park (150 um).
It is pretty small, enjoy!
And here is a more standard microscopy image (using a x5 objective), showing the full pattern that we fabricated. The metal film that has been patterned is gold (100 nm) with a chromium adhesion layer (10 nm) to a polished sapphire substrate.
Continuing with the desktop system, we have had fun taking some more images, using the violet laser. This time the sample is a planar microwave inductor that we had lying around. As you can see the inductor has 8 turns and a track width/separation of about 10 um. The circular pads are for wire-bonding to and the lighter regions are thin-film gold. By the way, do let us know if you have any good ideas for devices to image - an old integrated circuit with relatively big feature size might be interesting.
In addition to the image, here is a cross-section through it (about half way up). The risers are about 1 um and, in the future, we will use these to profile the beam and see how close to the diffraction limit we get.
With focusing and stage movement in place, it was time to have a go at imaging something.
So without further ado, I give you our first BluBEAM confocal micrograph!
What is it though? Well, I'm not too sure myself, but it's some kind of old prototype transistor fabricated by the guys at the Microelectronics lab in Cambridge, UK. Black regions are definitely a metal layer, created by e-beam lithography.
Anyway, the great news we get from this image is that we have a sub-micron resolution of about 680nm!
We have two photo diodes now, a single one to measure the laser output power via a 50/50 beam splitter, and the quad photo diode for the astigmatic focusing. A second, polarizing beam splitter plus a quarter wave plate allows us to only receive light coming back up from the sample under the objective in the quad PD.
The objective is still the voice coil assembly salvaged from a PS3 drive.
We also have a high precision x-y-stage in the setup now. It can displace the sample under the objective at sub- μm precision.
From tests Andrew did in his amazing Michelson interferometer project, we know the amount of z-displacement per unit current (linear with VC voltage) and can now calibrate the focal depth of our setup: about 1 μm. We get this information by repeatedly scanning across a steep edge and stepping the focus (i.e. the VC voltage) for each line.
We could of course also use that procedure to focus on the sample, but the astigmatic approach makes it so much faster: All we need is to acquire the quad PD signal as function of VC displacement, as shown below.
It's been a while now since my last log and here's why: We have been busy building a mock-up of the read-head from larger, conventional optical components.
The PS3 read-head is great as it got everything we need neatly packed into a small form factor. However, because it's such a well engineered piece of tech, the margins for things like head - sample misalignment are small, very small. In fact that was our biggest challenge with it so far, to get the returning beam to hit the built-in quad-photodiode. A quick and dirty comparison of the quad-diode with diffraction grating showed that it's only a few tens of micrometers in size. Which means that a misalignment of less than a degree already brings us way off the little sensor.
It works in exactly the same way, bringing a collimated blue laser beam through the voice coil + lens assembly from the PS3-head, diverting the returning beam with a beam splitter, and finally acquiring the signal with a quad photodiode.
The voice coil is controlled by our custom made driver PCB, with the set-point voltage coming from a PC DAQ card. We use the same DAQ for the quad-diode later.
We also have another focusing and a cylindrical lens between the beam splitter and detector, to give us the elliptical-circular-elliptical shape for focusing.
The quad-diode itself is pretty big and the last focusing lens is mounted on a translation state, which together allows us to compensate for misalignment in the setup.
So let's see whether we can now compensate for misalignment and get the elliptical-circular-elliptical data we're looking for.
The quad-diode is oriented in such a way that the two elliptical out of focus beams will cover two opposite quadrants each. So first of all we adjust the system in such a way that all signals from all four quadrants (A,B,C,D) are equal when we move the voice coil through the focal point.
You can already kind of guess where that focal point is from the above, but the easiest way of finding the "circle of least confusion" (where the cylindrical lens doesn't distort the beam in any direction) is to compute the so called "S-curve" by calculating (A+C) - (B+D), where A & C, and B & D are opposite quadrants. The circle of least confusion is then at 0, because that's where all quadrants are hit by exactly the same intensity.
So what we see here (from left to right) is first very little signal because we're way out of focus, then more and more light from one elliptical orientiation. The middle part is what gives this the name S-curve, when we go from one ellipsoid through the circle of least confusion to the other elliptical beam. The photodiode is also picking up a good amount of stray light, which means that the circle isn't at 0 here, but at some offset.
All in all I'm very happy with these results. We're not using the read-head itself, but with the mock-up we are able to get the auto-focus principle to work and we circumvent the alignment problem by introducing an additional translation element.
The last board I made is a filter for the power supply feeding the previous boards. As with any electrical project it's vital that we have a clean power supply, and in particular we want to avoid burning our lasers.
Make a function generator send a 1V peak-to-peak sine wave with a 1V offset (so we don't annoy the electrolytic capacitors too much) into port P1. Then look at the output at P2 with a scope reading off Vpp at the frequency we set on the function generator.
OK, so our filter blocks pretty much everything above a few tens of Hz with the -3dB point at around 10Hz! Promising!
OK, now that we have control over the voice coil and hence the focus, we need also to be able to control the laser and its power.
We are going to achieve this pretty much in the same way as we did with the voice coil. After all the core principle is the same: supply a defined current (now to the laser diode), and to make things easier get it linearized.
However, there are also a few small differences we need/want to account for. First of all, we won't need quite as much current this time. The lasers work at around 20 - 40 mA, compared to the 100+ mA of the voice coil. More important still is the fact that the laser diodes are quite fragile. So in addition to the general current driver circuit we need to include a protection circuit that shorts out the laser if there's too much current or a reverse current. This can be easily achieved with a Zener diode plus a normal diode in parallel with the laser.
The rest of the circuit is as I said, pretty much the same as the voice coil one, except for the values of components. We are e.g. using a faster op-amp (LT1215) and higher capacitances for the set-point filtering.
There is another part of the circuit that is obviously different: the opto-coupler part. I am not going to implement it just yet, but it's purpose is simply to allow us to quickly switch the laser off if needs be by grounding the non-inverting pin of the op-amp.
And this is what the end result looks like.
Again, all nice and linear and we can easily reach the 20 - 40 mA we need for the lasers. We could even change the 33Ohm for say 100Ohm if we wanted to increase precision.
OK, now that we have our PCBs from OSH Park we can get on with populating it and finally checking that we get the linearized current we need for the voice coil.
So first off, here is the schematic again.
For the resistors and capacitors we chose surface mount components (size 0805 for easy hand soldering); the op-amp and bipolar transistor are through hole. Note also that instead of a 1kOhm resistor I'm now using 20 Ohms to allow for sufficient current. Depending on how precisely we need to drive the voice coil and what resolution we can get from the set point voltage source (most likely 0-5V), we may have to rethink that value.
Since the voice coil driver doesn't need to be particularly fast, but should run off a single 5V supply, we're using a Linear Technology LT1006 here. The transistor is a Fairchild PN2222A.
Here's the finished board. All SMD components are on the back, by the way.
As you can see from the schematic, Vcc will be a 5V supply and Vin sets the laser current.
First of all, I'm going to test the board and circuit by putting in an LED instead of the voice coil (so much easier to see... :), supplying 5V Vcc and a set voltage on Vin.
Works nicely. Vin values below 40mV obviously light the LED less brightly.
So let's switch the LED for a resistor and measure the voltage Vr across it vs BJT base voltage Vin. Vcc is 5V as it also supplies the opamp. Ohm's law then gives us the current through the resistor Ir = Vr/R.
I've tested the current output with two different resistors, a 1k and a 9.7 Ohm. The latter is a much closer match to the actual resistance of a voice coil. As you can see from the graph above we've achieved what we needed: the output is linear with set point Vin, and our range is OK too, as Vin = +/- 2V will result in about +/- 100mA.
Hooray, our PCBs have arrived!
All in OSH purple and gold plated contacts.
Now it's just a matter of getting components soldered on and we can test them.
The sample reflectivity will influence the laser intensity that illuminates on QPD. This will influence the feedback error signal and therefore the feedback control. How do you solve this problem?
What kind of X-Y stage are you using?
Hi Justin, we're using a stage from Aerotech that is able to move at submicron steps.
I'm working on an aeroponics project. The mist should be between 5 and 50 microns for optimal absorbance as NASA found out in their research.
Could this microscope be used to measure the droplet size of the mist?
Thank you for an interesting question. Not as it stands. It would be interesting to try and do this, and you can be almost sure there is some laser based technique to measure droplet size.
Hi, Andreas—In your figure above, I think there is an error: Shouldn't the polarizing beam splitter be rotated 90° clockwise (or mirrored with respect to the vertical axis), if you want to use the quad photodiode to focus on the sample?
yep, that's right. Thanks for spotting that Gus!
Brilliant work! Very inspiring and nice write-up. Thanks for the tip!
Thanks for your encouragement guys!
As of a few minutes ago BluBEAM is entered in the "citizen scientist" round.
By the way, if anybody has a good idea for stuff to image, please let us know.
This project is truly terrific! Gets me inspired each time I see an update :) Why isn't it entered in the prize? It's perfect for the 'citizen science' round!
You should enter this in the Hackaday Prize! It would be a great fit for the Citizen Science round, and would probably get lots of skulls in the current seed funding round (where 1 skull = 1 dollar to you).
Very nicely done. Getting the alignment right on any setup like that is always difficult. The cylindrical lens to quad sensor alignment seems tough. Did you rotate the quad sensor till you had the right A,B,C,D imaging that you wanted? The good news is that someone else did that already in a DVD head assembly!
We're using a fairly big quad diode here (nearly 1cm in diameter), so getting the rotation right isn't too difficult. Getting the focal spot to exactly hit the middle between all four quadrants, that was the tricky bit.
Maybe the quad detector being small is a "feature" in the sense that it effectively might act the same as the second pin-hole. If it is at the focal point of the receive path then the out of focus light might not be captured as well. If the laser-side pin hole was the same dimension as the quad detector aperture then you might still have a confocal configuration. Focusing could still be an issue as you would like the cylindrical lens for the focus servo loop.
On the Y-motion, I'd recommend using the stepper motor and lead screw from the drive. In practice they routinely control the position of the head to a track-width so that resolution should be good enough. You can always micro-step the stepper for better resolution. Since you don't have anything to lock onto as you move the head, just driving it open loop should be good enough.
On the topic of using a DVD head as a microscope scanner - I get how you can have two dimensional movement with the head's internal galvo mechanism (say X and Z), but will you move the head on the rails to achieve scanning in the Y dimension? Also, don't you need to include a pin-hole in the optical path that isn't there already? I assume the working distance in Z will be about the same dimensions as what the head height is normally for a DVD drive and the focus range will be about 50um (which I recall as the vertical run-out spec for CD ROM media). I can't wait to see some images!
That's right, so far we'll only be able to get line scans of about 1mm or so in length using the voice coil. We're still debating whether to move the head or the sample in the 3rd direction. Either way we're probably going to use a stepper+lead screw (like in a CD drive) or maybe we'll buy a micropositioner and drive it with a stepper.
And yes, you're right, we need some type of feedback on the voice coil. Though absolute position isn't the critical parameter, but rather whether we're in focus. For that we're just going to copy what's already in CD drives: cylindrical lens + quad photodiode. That way we always know whether we're too far/near or in focus.
Have a look at this Intersil laser driver chip - Mouser P/N: 968-EL6204CWZ-T7A (for $5.65 each qty = 1). It can handle the drive current, back facet power monitor as well as the RF ripple current modulation (through an on-board oscillator) to keep the laser in multi-mode operation. Not very difficult to use and infinitely better than an open-loop drive scheme. Probably worth a PCB spin just to try it out.
On the topic of driving lasers - One of my buddies was a CD ROM optical head designer years ago (I've since lost touch with him), but he was telling that they would add a 900 MHz oscillator output along with the laser current source for writing applications. The purpose was to keep the laser from operating in a single mode (which would create coherent speckle). This evidently was critical to keep the optical power level uniform for writing. This may be something to keep in your mind if you see coherent speckle in your images. The oscillators are available at Mouser, but I don't recall much about them other than that.
Thanks for the help John!
Are familiar with the work of Micah Scott, @scanlime? Her Coastermelt project included some brilliant firmware RE work on blue ray drives for guerrilla holography. It may be worth looking into.
No, I hadn't heard of her or her coastermelt project yet. Thanks for the tip, I'll check it out!
Your writing style is very clear, informative and interesting.
Best of luck (and motivation)!
I hope this will help you get up and running: great info on how CD pickup work.
You are about to report the project "BluBEAM - a scanning laser microscope", please tell us the reason.


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Q: React-Dnd - how to control drag preview position relative to cursor and get drop location relative to drop target I'm trying to build a resource scheduling app, where you can drag a task item from one list onto a grid. The grid's rows represent the "resource" (a person) and the columns represent time of day (broken up into 15-minute intervals).
I've made good progress using React-Dnd but there are some annoying UX issues I'm struggling to fix. The first is the drag preview. I'd like to use a custom component as the drag preview. The React-Dnd documentation explains how to do that. But what I can't figure out is how to force the preview to be positioned such that the cursor is at the top-left corner of the drag preview. The reason for this is so that it's clear to the user where they are really dropping the thing. Suppose the user wants to drop a task at "1:00pm". They may naturally try to line up the left edge of the preview with the left edge of the "1:00pm" column. But if the mouse is actually positioned over the "1:30pm" column, then that's where it'll be dropped. I think that this problem can be avoided by simply positioning the mouse cursor at the upper-left edge of the drag preview. Is that possible?
Another related problem is that I would ideally like to know the coordinates of the drop location relative to the row "View" that it was dropped into. I've been working with iOS for the past 2 years so I'm thinking in terms of the coordinate system on iOS. Maybe that way of thinking doesn't translate to the DOM, I don't know. But if there's some way to know the x-position of the drop relative to the left edge of the row itself (not of the page or screen), then I can figure out what column (i.e., which time-of-day interval) the thing was dropped on.
Is it possible to do these things with React-Dnd (or any other React drag & drop libraries)?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Two Years On, South China Sea Ruling Remains a Battleground for the Rules-Based Order
Miércoles, 11/Jul/2018 Bill Hayton Chatham House
A PLA Navy fleet takes part in a review in the South China Sea on 12 April. Photo: Getty Images.
On 12 July 2016, an independent arbitral tribunal established under the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) published a clear and binding ruling on China's claims vis-à-vis the Philippines in the South China Sea. China's response at the time was to dismiss the ruling as 'nothing more than a piece of waste paper'.
Interestingly, in the two years since then it has, in some small ways, complied with it. However, it is also clear that China's behaviour in the South China Sea has not fundamentally changed. It is, in effect, using military force to try to extort concessions from its neighbours. That poses a threat to international peace and security.
The arbitral tribunal was asked by the Philippines to rule on 15 points, of which two were particularly significant. The first was that China's claims to 'historic rights' within the entirety of the U-shaped, '9-dash line' that it draws on maps of the South China Sea are mostly incompatible with the internationally-agreed UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). UNCLOS is clear: entitlements in the sea have to be within areas measured from land.
Secondly, the tribunal ruled that none of the Spratly Islands, nor an isolated reef known as Scarborough Shoal, are capable of supporting human habitation in their natural state. This means that none are entitled to an exclusive economic zone around them. The implication of these two rulings is that the vast majority of the resources in the southern part of the South China Sea belong to the coastal states: the Philippines, Malaysia, Brunei, Indonesia and Vietnam.
Nonetheless China is continuing to pressure those countries to give away their rights to the oil, gas and fish. Under the name of 'joint development' China is continuing to demand a share of those countries' resources even though the tribunal clearly ruled those demands illegitimate. In May 2017, President Rodrigo Duterte of the Philippines said publicly that his Chinese counterpart, Xi Jinping, had personally threatened him with war if the Philippines attempted to tap the large gas reserves in an area of the sea known as the Reed Bank.
The Philippines' existing gas fields are expected to begin running out within five years, whereupon the country will face an electricity shortage. China's military threats will have major consequences for the government in Manila. The most likely result is that the Philippines will have to build more coal-fired power stations to fill the gap.
Vietnam is in a similar position. In June 2017 and in March this year it was forced to suspend offshore oil development because of threats of military force from China. Vietnam's oil output fell by 12% between 2014 and 2017 because Beijing's intimidation is preventing it from developing new fields to replace those that are being depleted. This has reduced the government's income with knock-on impacts on social and development spending.
Despite all this pressure, it is significant that none of the southeast Asian claimants have succumbed to Chinese pressure for 'joint development'. They are continuing to assert the rights accorded to them in UNCLOS.
UNCLOS is a cornerstone of international peace and security. It was negotiated over nine years and agreed, in 1982, by almost every country in the United Nations. (The United States government signed it but the US Senate has not yet ratified it.) UNCLOS provides a neutral mechanism to allocate the world's maritime resources but what we are seeing in the South China Sea is an effort by China to overturn it. In effect, China is deploying military might to overturn the legal rights given to the other countries.
If this is allowed to succeed, UNCLOS will be weakened everywhere, not just in the South China Sea. If countries can treat international treaties as simply 'pieces of waste paper' then no agreement is safe: international order begins to break down.
It is imperative, therefore, that all the other signatories of UNCLOS defend it from predatory behaviour. This means speaking up for the rights and obligations contained within its text – defending legitimate claims from those have been clearly ruled incompatible with international law. Small states need to be protected from the predatory behaviour of large states. The alternative is the slow collapse of international peace and security.
Bill Hayton, Associate Fellow, Asia-Pacific Programme.
Este artículo se publicó originalmente en Chatham House.
Nota informativa: Chatham House, fundado en 1920, es una organización no gubernamental, sin ánimo de lucro, con sede en Londres, cuya misión es analizar y promover la comprensión de los principales asuntos internacionales y asuntos de actualidad. Todos sus contenidos son de acceso libre, aunque se puede apoyar su trabajo con una contribución económica.
MundoAsiaChina, Conflicto territorial, Filipinas, Mar del Sur
Otros artículos de Bill Hayton, de Chatham House o del 11/07/2018.
Mar del Sur
World Cup 2018: Croatia's Conflict Resolution | Inicio | Una crisis distinta a las anteriores

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Current: Planned Parenthood Action Fund Statement on …
Planned Parenthood Action Fund Statement on Trump's False Tweet on Abortion Later in Pregnancy
For Immediate Release: Oct. 6, 2020
Washington – Planned Parenthood Action Fund President Alexis McGill Johnson released the following statement after President Trump tweeted false information about abortion later in pregnancy.
Statement from Alexis McGill Johnson, president of Planned Parenthood Action Fund:
"Donald Trump is, again, intentionally spreading false information about abortion. There is no such thing as abortion 'up until the time of birth.' That's not how medical care works. Trump has proven over and over again that he will say anything to stoke fear and rally his base. This disgusting, blatantly false rhetoric is part of his full-on assault on women's access to care and the right to an abortion.
"Trump and Mitch McConnell are rushing the confirmation of an anti-abortion Supreme Court justice to a lifetime appointment –– even as senators, White House staff, and the president himself are contracting and spreading COVID-19 at an alarming rate. And the president has emboldened Republican governors to use the global pandemic as a cover to make it harder for people to access time-sensitive reproductive health care, including abortion.
"The urgency of electing Joe Biden and Kamala Harris could not be greater. Our patients feel it every day. I feel it every day. Our lives and our health depend on it."
Planned Parenthood Action Fund is an independent, nonpartisan, not-for-profit membership organization formed as the advocacy and political arm of Planned Parenthood Federation of America. The Action Fund engages in educational, advocacy and electoral activity, including grassroots organizing, legislative advocacy, and voter education.


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Interview by Irish Times Journalist Paul Cullen of Health Freedom Ireland on their Covid-19 Stance
national | health / disability issues | news report Wednesday October 21, 2020 21:14 by hfi - Health Freedom Ireland
After running into Paul Cullen, health correspondent at the Irish Times on October 3rd during the protest march from Custom House, we had the pleasure to deepen our conversation by way of the following interview.
These are the questions presented to us:
I think your organisation pre-dates the current pandemic. What led you (and others, presumably) to set it up? Was it because of personal experiences and, if so, could you tell me a bit about these?
Ireland and other countries are currently facing repeated waves of Covid-19 infections. Do you think a vaccine, if developed, can play a role in resolving this problem?
Do you have concerns about the Covid-19 vaccines under development? Are these specific to this vaccine or general to all vaccines?
Are there any vaccines you think are useful? (On your website, you make a series of assertions about vaccines which are almost entirely negative.) Would you consider yourself, or your organisation, anti-vaccine?
What are your concerns about the likely introduction of a Covid-19 vaccine? Do you think it will be made mandatory, or that access to, say, creches or schools etc might be barred to people who are not vaccinated? What action would you take in the event of this happening?
Please tell me a bit about HFI: who set it up? who runs it? who sits on the board/council/organising committee? How is it funded?
Health Freedom Ireland pre-dates the current pandemic. Our mission is to empower Irish people to make informed medical decisions for themselves and their families. We aim to provide a resource for impartial up-to-date information on vaccines available on the Irish market, their ingredients, and established potential adverse effects. We seek to inform about illnesses for which there are vaccines, the risk of the illness, established medical treatments and prognosis.
We are very aware of the increasing HSE childhood vaccine schedule (32 total doses of 14 vaccines in the first 13 months of a child's life). Many parents are highly concerned about the number of vaccines being recommended, some of their ingredients or adjuvants and also the fact that many Irish children are experiencing side effects (some more serious than others). Many in our community have had direct experience of vaccine injury.
We direct anyone considering vaccines to up-to-date vaccine information including the Patient Information Leaflet (PIL). Our desire for transparency and unbiased information comes from a wish for others to be able to make fully informed choices. We feel this transparency and unbiased information is not always forthcoming from either the HSE or our healthcare professionals.
A repeated wave of Covid-19 infection? Or increased SARS-COV2 detection? What is being defined as a 'positive case' may not in fact be considered 'infectious' depending on the cycle thresholds used in the PCR testing. So will a vaccine play a role in resolving this problem?
Even if considered 'safe and effective', a Covid-19 vaccine can only play a limited role in resolving the rise in detected positive cases and 'Covid-19'.
The definition of efficacy in relation to Covid-19 vaccines is not what the public expects. The Astrazeneca1, Pfizer2 and Moderna3 clinical trial protocols reveal that the trials are designed to test whether the vaccines reduce cases of symptomatic COVID-19, not cases of severe disease, such as those that require hospitalisation and can end in death.
None of the vaccines in development can make any claim towards reducing the potential of suspected long-term effects of an infection with SARS-COV2. Wouldn't it have been better to test whether the vaccines reduce severe disease and death? Or even the possibility of long-term health consequences?
These companies are only aiming that their vaccines stop at least 50% of vaccinated people getting symptomatic Covid-19. This is the definition of success according to the FDA guidelines4 While aiming for 50%, they are hoping for an efficacy of 60% or greater5.
Even at that, 60% is not enough to reach herd immunity, that is, the stage at which enough of the population has vaccine-derived immunity to stop the disease spreading. With full vaccination coverage, the vaccine would need to be at least 80% effective to extinguish an epidemic without any other measures. So controlling the spread of the virus under the current strategy is going to require continuation of all other mitigation strategies alongside any potential vaccine. With 80% of Covid-19 cases already being asymptomatic6, who benefits?
Even researchers involved in vaccine safety and design have expressed their reservations when it comes to the development of a Covid-19 vaccine7 so yes, we have concerns. The development of Covid-19 vaccines shines a spotlight on many of the existing issues we have with other vaccines especially in relation to the definition of 'safety' and the definition of 'effective' in clinical trial protocols.
Several of the Covid-19 vaccines in development are using pioneering technology8 with no previous safety record. With being rushed to market, crucial stages in the clinical trial protocol (animal trials) are being skipped or significantly fast-tracked.9 Previous attempts at making coronavirus vaccines have failed10 and shown significant issues at the animal trial stage.
Some vaccines worsen the consequences of infection rather than protect, a phenomenon called antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE)11 and this has been observed in previous attempts to develop coronavirus vaccines. Furthermore, antibodies typical of ADE are present in the blood of some Covid-19 patients. Such concerns are real.
While pre-clinical trials are likely to include tens of thousands of patients, it is still unclear whether the number will be large enough to evaluate safety. There have already been serious safety concerns. Several of the vaccines in development have been stopped "out of an abundance of caution", due to severe adverse effects experienced by study participants all of whom were carefully selected for being exceptionally healthy.
Only yesterday, Johnson and Johnson paused all trials of its experimental Covid-19 vaccine after a participant developed an 'adverse reaction'. Previously the Oxford trial has been paused twice. Did these participants receive the vaccine or placebo?
Are you aware that none of the candidate vaccines are being tested against true placebos?12
And with such low numbers in trials, it is a significant safety signal if it turns out that two of the Oxford participants have indeed developed transverse myelitis.. One serious adverse event per thousand of a vaccine given to 100 million people means harm to 100,000 otherwise healthy people.
There are also serious questions regarding a potential vaccines ability to protect people from infection. We know that all vaccines tested to date on monkeys failed to protect any of them from infection of the nasal passages, the primary route of infection. Previous attempts at vaccines for other deadly coronaviruses also failed to protect monkeys.
We are not all equally susceptible to Covid-19. Those that are more vulnerable to the disease are aged people with multiple comorbidities. The older we get, the poorer our ability to respond to vaccines. Resistance to vaccination begins at age thirty and becomes progressively more profound with time. This is especially troubling given that the over 60 are the population most at risk of Covid-19.
Will repeated doses have to be administered to the elderly? Will a more potent vaccine be required with more powerful adjuvants? How risky will these more powerful adjuvants be for the very old? It seems foolish to be rushing a vaccine if it only has limited benefit to the population most in need.
We are curious which assertions on our website you are referring to that seem to be entirely negative about vaccines? The term anti-vaccine is neither useful nor correct. It is often deliberately used to discourage and discredit those that dare to raise valid concerns over vaccine safety and efficacy.
Most of our community are in fact the true #vaccineheroes of Ireland. Trusting their healthcare provider they have followed the recommended schedule and in turn experienced vaccine injury either themselves or within their family. In some cases more than once, as their concerns and observations were not taken seriously and they were strongly persuaded by medical professionals to continue the schedule despite their prior experiences.
We believe that most people, who have researched vaccines would have concerns about an "accelerated to market vaccine", especially considering the fact that the development of a Coronavirus vaccine has been in progress for over 17 years without success.
We have seen disasters with fast-tracked vaccines in the not so recent past. The H1N1 (Swine Flu) vaccine for example shows how detrimental rushing a vaccine to market can be13
Ten years later there are still 100 cases in the courts seeking compensation for injuries sustained. It is also concerning, as with the H1N1 vaccine, that the government indemnified the manufacturer (GSK) and they walked away without accepting any liability for the injuries their product caused14. It then fell to the taxpayers to cover the very substantial costs of court fees and damages for both parties of 4 million EUR15. With so many other cases looming in the courts, it is likely that further tax money will have to be diverted to cover damages and expenses.
With regard to the mandating of a vaccine, HFI expect it is more likely that those who choose not to have the Covid-19 vaccine will suffer marginalisation and be excluded from full participation in society like travel, healthcare, education and many other aspects of life. We feel that this is not a proportionate outcome especially for a virus with an over 99% recovery rate and an unknown short- or long-term adverse reaction rate for an upcoming vaccine.
Where there is risk, there must always be choice. We support all Irish Citizens' rights to bodily autonomy and the freedom to choose when it comes to any medical intervention or protocol.
HFI is a non-profit organisation run by volunteers. All our contributors (which include doctors, scientists, researchers, complementary health therapists and parents that have spent years studying these topics) all work for free and give whatever time they can, outside of their full-time jobs, caring for their families and managing otherwise busy lives.
We work as a team at all times and currently have no real means of funding. So, nobody is in receipt of remuneration of any kind. We operate powered by volunteer contributions and donations which we use as per disclosure on our website.
Related Link: https://healthfreedomireland.com/interview-with-paul-cullen-irish-times/
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Doctors in South Korea call for flu vaccinations to be paused after 25 deaths
by T Fri Oct 23, 2020 10:31
The "Health" department or should we call that Government Sales Dept for Pharma are refusing to pause a flu vaccination program in South Korea after 25 deaths of people who got the vaccine.
The relevance here is that the government here is currently in the process of rolling out over 600,000 nasal spray type flu vaccinations to school children in this country.
Why anyone would take such huge risks to take on this stuff is a mystery but I guess the medical / pharma propaganda is so effective.
Details of above at:
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/oct/22/doctors-in-south-korea-call-for-flu-vaccinations-to-be-paused-after-25-deaths
© 2001-2021 Independent Media Centre Ireland. Unless otherwise stated by the author, all content is free for non-commercial reuse, reprint, and rebroadcast, on the net and elsewhere. Opinions are those of the contributors and are not necessarily endorsed by Independent Media Centre Ireland. Disclaimer | Privacy


Devi has a Bachelors degree in Engineering from Drexel University, USA and a Masters in Entrepreneurship from IIM, Bangalore. She has over 6 years of experience in Product Development & Business Development at Kamal Bells, a sheet metal fabrications and components manufacturing company. Her skills, professional experience, network within the manufacturing sector and passion to make an impact at the bottom of the pyramid make her a driven entrepreneur who is capable of taking Kamal Kisan to greater heights.
Damodaran comes with over 25 years of experience in machine design and building. During his last engagement, he was involved in the design and testing of earth-moving equipments. Hailing from a farming family himself, he has a personal insights into the pain points of farmers. With his ingenuity, Kamal Kisan will be developing many more innovative products for India's small farm owners.
Bhargavi has an MBA from Indian School of Business & is a cost accountant, with ability to holistically look at a business and understand different functional departments.
Her wide industry experience in FMCG, Consulting and Automotive in the areas of Business Management, Costing, Business Planning, Supply Chain, Consulting and Project management has been invaluable to Kamal Kisan's journey.
Villgro incubates early stage, innovation-based social enterprises that impact the lives of India's poor.
RTBI is an IIT Madras incubation center which supports start-ups whose focus is to impact rural/underserved societal segments, leveraging ICT.
Social Alpha is an initiative of Tata Trusts to promote socially relevant innovations and entrepreneurship with a mission to create large scale sustainable social impact.


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Q: Correct way to access value of an input initialized with a prop when button is clicked in react I have a react component that consists of an input field and a button. When the button is clicked I want to run an update function that is also inherited from the parent controller. In the react documentation they have an onchange handler attached to this input and they get the new value of the input with the onchange event object. However in my case I get an event object describing the button, not the input field. What is the correct way to access the new input field value from handle click?
class QuoteButton extends React.Component {
  constructor(props) {
    super(props);
    this.handleClick = this.handleClick.bind(this);
  }

  handleClick () {
    this.props.onQuoteUpdate(//what should go here?)
  }
  render() {
    const cost = this.props.cost;
    return (

        <Input value={cost}/>
        <Button basic color='green' onClick={this.handleClick}>Submit Quote</Button>

    );
  }
}

A: If you a going to change input value in this component you need to use react states (if you don't use state management libraries such as mobx or redux). In most cases input have to be a controlled component.
After component was mounted add cost value to states. You also need appropriate handler for input.
P.S. You could use arrow functions to avoid binding handlers in constructor.
class QuoteButton extends React.Component {
    constructor(props) {
        super(props);
        this.state = { inputValue: '' };
    }

    componentDidMount() {
        this.setState({inputValue: this.props.cost});
    }

    handleClick = () => {
        this.props.onQuoteUpdate(this.state.inputValue);
    }

    handleInputChange = event => {
        this.setState({inputValue: event.target.value});
    }

    render() {
        return (

                <Input value={this.state.inputValue} onChange={this.handleInputChange} />
                <Button basic color='green' onClick={this.handleClick}>Submit Quote</Button>

        );
    }
}

Hope it helps


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Raman spectroscopic analysis of human remains from a seventh century cist burial on Anglesey, UK
Edwards, Howell G.M.
Nik Hassan, N.F.
Davidson, A.
Burnett, A.
Raman spectroscopy; Anglesey; Wales; Human remains; 7th century; Seventh century; Cist burial
Specimens from human remains exhibiting unusual preservation excavated from a seventh century stone cist burial at Towyn y Capel in Anglesey, UK, have been analysed using Raman spectroscopy with near-infrared laser excitation at 1,064 and 785 nm. Specimens of hair and bone provided evidence for severe degradation and microbial colonisation. The deposits within the stone cist showed that some microbially mediated compounds had been formed. Analysis of crystals found at the interface between the hair and the skeletal neck vertebrae revealed a mixture of newberyite and haematite, associated with decomposition products of the hair and bone. An interesting differential degradation was noted in the specimens analysed which could be related to the air-void and the presence of plant root inclusions into the stone cist. This is the first time that Raman spectroscopy has been used in the forensic archaeological evaluation of burial remains in complex and dynamic environments.
Edwards HGM, Wilson AS, Nik Hassan N et al (2007) Raman spectroscopic analysis of human remains from a seventh century cist burial on Anglesey, UK. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry. 387(3): 821-828.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00216-006-0791-9


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← Vipassana – vaguely sensational.
Google's hallucinating neural networks suggest psychedelic experiences are spooky but not supernatural.
I have always believed psychedelic visions from ayahuasca etc. are not supernatural. Google just proved it.
Computer image recognition has transformed out of all recognition in the last few years thanks to deep neural networks and massive sets of training data.
Instead of exactly prescribing which feature we want the network to amplify, we can also let the network make that decision. In this case we simply feed the network an arbitrary image or photo and let the network analyze the picture. We then pick a layer and ask the network to enhance whatever it detected. Each layer of the network deals with features at a different level of abstraction, so the complexity of features we generate depends on which layer we choose to enhance.
All very trippy, I think you'll agree. I consider this strong circumstantial evidence against all the supernatural woo associated with ayahuasca etc. If computers hallucinate as awesomely as this. it suggests the human brain doesn't need any external help generating the self-transforming machine elves and other crazy visions often attributed to aliens or inner worlds.
7 Responses to Google's hallucinating neural networks suggest psychedelic experiences are spooky but not supernatural.
Interesting. Those images are indeed trippy and vaguely reminiscent of visual disturbances created by a low dose of a psychedelic compound, but it is hardly proof that hallucinogenic visions are simply elaborate pareidolic images constructed from random elements in the visual field. What about closed-eye hallucinations, which tend to be the most baroque and complex hallucinations? How can the brain built those astonishingly beautiful, incredibly rich and detailed images in the absence of any visual stimuli whatsoever? I'd be interested to hear if the author of this article has ever had a high-dose psychedelic experience. I'm willing to bet that the answer is no. The difference between a visual disturbance resulting from a low dose of a psychedelic compound (such as the effects in the image above) compared to a full-blown hallucination resulting from a high dose is like the difference between a child's drawing of a stick figure compared to a Carravagio or a da Vinci oil painting.
Don't forget, its your human mind that is interpreting the image! To the computer, it's just patterns of 1s and 0s. I think attributing hallucinations to computers is much more far out that assuming that psychedelic visions are of other worlds.
Thanks for your comment, Steeplemouth.
Sorry for delay in responding, I've had wordpress problems.
As it happens I have had plenty of high dose experiences and I stand by the original claim. The top two images in this post look a bit the 'walls are melting', 'faces in the clouds' experience you might get overlaying your visual experience during an eyes open hallucination. But the other two images on this page (and many, many more of the images produced by this approach, search for the hashtag #deepdream) are nothing like that they are much richer and stranger and yet are still just a product of the network trying to make sense of a fairly senseless input. Often in fact created by the network reinterpreting it's own outputs much like a dream or closed eyed psychedelic experience.) So I'd say that they correspond very well to the baroque complexity of a high dose closed eye experience. And remember that all of these incredibly complex yet utterly alien images were created by a network that has only had experience of natural images. there's nothing spooky in the input but the output is decidedly strange.
Any human is fool to arrogantly assume that our own paltry biological limits would ever allow us to come anywhere close to grasping the truth of Reality. Any claims of such are frivolous and arbitrary. Us attempting to glimpse the true depths of Nature is akin to an ant trying to understand a super computer. What a waste of time. All we really know is that we don't really know anything. So why waste your life chasing endless questions, when you could get fucked up, get fucked, and be happy? Hedonism works. Hail Satan.
A nice idea but how do you know we can't understand nature? It seems like we understand it a bit better than we did 100 years ago or 500 or 5000. And thanks to that understanding, among other things, we've made better toys for hedonists. Hail scientism!
The article doesn't understand how computers work. The computer does not interpret or see any images. It's binary code. The interpretation of the image, and meaning, is done by humans – computers don't do any "thinking", they simply manipulate symbols that we have programmed them to. But the symbols themselves are only a production of our interpretation. Nothing the computer does has any observer-independent existence – in observer independent-terms of physics, the computer is simply an electric circuit.
The weird images are created within the computer (in intermediate layers of the neural network). I would agree that the computer itself doesn't see them as images or as weird. But this does show how intermediate layers of the neural network in our brain would also have similarly weird appearance. If by using drugs you changed your brain connectivity then you might experience things that looked like those images. And indeed that is what people report from strong psychedelic experience. The point is that those images aren't supernatural in the computer and they aren't supernatural in the brain.


❉ We continue our mind-blowing odyssey through 'The Inner Scar' and pause to admire Nico's cheekbones.
The Archer arrives in a new land.
Last we week, we faded out on Nico being led out of the wilderness by her son, Ari. This week, we fade in on a Young Man (Daniel Pommereulle), riding the same horse across a valley where he is hailed by Nico. The Young Man on the horse seems to be Ari grown up, as is implied by the clothes he wears, which are similar to that of the boy's.
We then jump to a road winding through the valley. Nico stands in the foreground shouting directly at us, whilst the Young Man, holding a white flag of surrender, sits on his horse at the roadside to her left and behind her. Philippe makes a return too, herding hundreds of goats along the road between them.
Nico screams, "Nonsense to my right! Mercy to my left… There is no Mercy! There is no justice! The seas shall rise over your heads and drawn you all! All of you!" Leaving her hysterics behind, and accompanied by Absschied (another track from 'Desertshore') Philippe continues to shepherd his flock, and this will be the last we see of him.
On one level, it looks like the surrogate father figure is leaving, now that the child has become a man (Philippe and Nico don't look any older, though), but on another lever, what with Nico's ravings, it's like the artist, Garrel, is going off on his own, carrying the burden of his own troubles, represented by the goats, with him, as his muse impotently screams in defensive frustration at those who don't understand him (in other words, the audience). Either way, there's a sense of closure in the way Philippe leaves, as though he must go off to continue his journey alone.
The character of Philippe does not appear again in the film after this, but there might well be another personification of Garrel, in the male figure who replaces his own .
The Archer canters along the shoreline. Clearly no one warned him about the Icelandic climate.
The shift in focus is heralded by the arrival of the Archer (Pierre Clémenti), who lands on the shores of a black, rocky coastline, naked, and with nothing but a bow and arrow (which is never utilised). He mounts a conveniently placed horse, then canters along the beach, pausing when Nico calls out to him from the rocks. He hears her, but does not see her and eventually moves on.
Who is this new arrival? What does he embody? Well, given that the film was made after Garrel had undergone electro-convulsive therapy, and Nico has stated that 'The Inner Scar' of the title refers to his own mental illness, perhaps this new arrival is a reconstituted, perfected Philippe, stripped bare, beautiful, armed, and seemingly fearless? Could they be the same person represented by two different figures? Was Philippe herding his flock away so that he would return as a new man? When Garrel was receiving ECT, Nico was not allowed to be in the room with him, and he emerged walking with a temporary club foot. Can we read the Archer as his ideal self, physically fit and mentally alert?
This might be reading too much into it, but if Nico's Janitor of Lunacy is Garrel / Philippe, (as in the man, and the character), then the Archer could well represent the new Garrel. Why? Because, being an Archer, we could regard him as a Janissary; one of the Ottoman Empire's elite soldiers whose title means door servant. The etymology is similar to that of janitor, which also derives from the Latin for door, but refers to a door keeper. It might also be significant that he remains somewhat elusive to Nico, unlike Philippe, who was constantly at her side, no matter how much abuse she heaped on him. She even seems placated by the knowledge that he could leave at any time. Throughout the rest of the film, Nico and the Archer will show no sign of co-dependency. A healthy distance is mostly maintained, with only a few, peaceful, almost tender, interactions between them.
There is another possibility, one that we'll look into in more depth in Part 3, but the two halves of the film seem to mirror each other in odd ways, almost like scenes replayed in two entirely different worlds and under different circumstances, which leads one to muse, what if the first half of the film mirrors Nico and Garrel's relationship from one of their perspectives, and the second from the others?
Let us pause to admire Nico's cheekbones.
With the departure of Philippe and the arrival of the Archer, there is also a marked shift in the landscapes as well; all the scenes between Archer and Nico were shot in volcanic, Icelandic locations. They are primal, and almost give a sense of creation. In one scene, shortly after his arrival on the shores of this strange land, the Archer sits on a cliff at night and intones a magic word, which prompts massive eruptions of bubbling steam. It feels almost as if he were imbuing the land with something, even impregnating it.
For now, let us draw the line at what is possibly the most striking scene of the film; The Archer rides down a vast, glacial valley until he comes face to face with Nico, standing on a rock in the middle-distance, set against the back drop of a mind-blowingly epic waterfall.
It's the sort of cryptic, lucid dreamer's monologue that somehow makes sense on an unconscious level. To the waking observer, the words only feel somehow appropriate, but indefinably so. Maybe she's talking about happiness, or perfection. Maybe she is referring to all those things we seek in life, yet that forever elude us. Maybe, given what title, 'The Inner Scar' actually refers to, she is talking about peace and sanity.


text:
Download e-book for kindle: Chaos Theory in Politics by Santo Banerjee, Şefika Şule Erçetin, Ali Tekin
By Santo Banerjee, Şefika Şule Erçetin, Ali Tekin
The current paintings investigates international politics and political implications of social technology and administration by means of the newest complexity and chaos theories. previously, deterministic chaos and nonlinear research haven't been a focus during this quarter of study. This ebook treatments this deficiency by using those equipment within the research of the subject material. The authors give you the reader an in depth research on politics and its linked purposes with the aid of chaos concept, in one edited volume.
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Chaos Theory in Politics by Santo Banerjee, Şefika Şule Erçetin, Ali Tekin
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Sandbar Boaters Shrug Off State's Pandemic Guidance
Alliance Report
Freedom—July 6, 2020—Boaters defied the state by packing the channel sandbar this holiday weekend despite an unusual public plea from the Marine Patrol "to assist them" by following social distancing recommendations and complying with rafting rules during the pandemic.
More than 70 boats congregated closely Saturday on and around the sandbar at the junction of Cassie Cove, Turtle Cove and Spindle Point, which is one of the most popular rafting venues on the lake. The number of boats was smaller on Sunday, but there continued to be little to no social distancing.
With COVID-19 spreading in the state, the Marine Patrol in May announced boating guidance that included "No Rafting—Keep Your Distance on the Water" and "No Guests on Your Boat" as key provisions.
The 'no guests' advisory included "family members not in your immediate household and your closest boating buddies," according to the poster, which appeared online and in various boating locales. Social media reaction to the guidelines was largely positive.
Marine Patrol Captain Timothy Dunleavy told Ossipee Lake Alliance the guidelines were based on recommendations by the CDC and the U.S. Coast Guard, adding he hoped boaters would "encourage each other to do the right thing" by complying.
That didn't happen this weekend, and a large increase in boats on the lake compounded the problem.
Lake Hosts in Ossipee have seen week-to-week increases in visitors at the Route 25 public boat ramp, with traffic congestion and overflow parking. On Saturday the facility was at capacity by 9:30 a.m. as boaters continued to arrive. By the middle of the day, boats and trailers lined the shoulder of the highway as far west as the hardware store.
A spike in day-tripping boaters is creating concerns about crowding on the lake.
An officer from N.H. Fish & Game, which manages the site, visited on Saturday but was not present when a boater ran his car over the Lake Host program's boat inspection signs and took off without stopping. The host was not hurt.
A post by Lauren Lynn Christopher Ryan on the "I Boat on Ossipee Lake" Facebook page said: "I've been on Ossipee Lake for 30 plus years and have never seen it as crazy as Saturday was. I actually felt like our poor lake was too small for all these boats."
Of the close to 90 comments made to the post, most expressed agreement.
Sandbar Rafting Concerns Revived
The state's social distancing guidelines are voluntary, but compliance with state rafting regulations are not. The situation at the channel sandbar is complicated, however.
The sandbar became a state-regulated area in 2001 as a result of a petition by neighboring property owners who argued that crowds at the site had created a public nuisance and safety issues.
State Rule Saf-C 407.04 limits "rafts" to 10 boats that must stay 50 feet from the main navigation channel and be gone by sunset. But the rule is flawed. For one thing it can be interpreted as restricting the total number of boats to 10, or interpreted as permitting an unlimited number of "rafts" of boats each comprised of 10 vessels. Additionally, the rule conflicts with the stricter terms of State Law RSA 270:44, which sets limits on the size of rafts and the parameters for their separation in the water.
Boaters jammed the channel sandbar on July 4, renewing focus on a 2001 state rule meant to control rafting there.
As a result, the sandbar rule has never been enforced, and the public nuisance and safety issues the petitioners identified 20 years ago remain more or less the same, according to neighboring property owners.
"The rule is flawed because the petition was flawed," a state official told Ossipee Lake Alliance, asking that we not use his name. "A new petition could address that," he added.
Boaters' defiance of the state's request for cooperation this weekend could be a tipping point for the issue, judging from online posts.
On the Ossipee Lake Alliance website, Thom wrote: "The 50' rule from the main navigation channel is laughable. Boats are regularly anchored within 10 ft of a channel marker. The sandbar was completely packed today, as it is every weekend day."
Cassie Cove property owner Linda Taylor wrote: "By the middle of the day [the sandbar] is packed with people and we have to endure loud music, offensive language and many rude people."
"We pick up beer cans, plastic cups, plastic bags of dog feces every weekend…Once the sandbar is filled way over capacity, the boaters anchor all over the cove to swim, and jet skiers race around," she added.
In regard to the pandemic and social distancing, "Lara": wrote: "We have been horrified at the number of people we have seen at this sandbar for the past 3 weekends when we go past. We often remark, "well, there's the next epicenter of the virus outbreak."
Atony 2 years ago July 6, 2020
Absolutely nothing new here. No apparent effort to police the sandbar for intoxicated boaters or to limit the number of boats. However, the marine Patrol was very dedicated to following any and all jet skiers to write no wake violations… I feel so much safer knowing that anyone traveling 2 mph faster than they should will pay a hefty fine to the state and the inebriated sand bar folks can go about their business littering the lake and doing the DUI thing without any hassle or interference from the marine patrols.
Lot hatch 2 years ago July 6, 2020
Enforce the rules Lake Patrol. Don't just wave.
Sally Johnston 2 years ago July 6, 2020
Totally agree, I have a lake front property stayed away from all people, I went for quick ride on the waverunner. I received a ticket for coming to close to another boat. (Not in my opinion) The whole time i was thinking your pulling me over for a few feet while the sandbar has tons of intoxicated boaters or the fact of the non rafting ! the marine Patrol has an issue with jet skiers ! They need to stop, It's ridiculous!!! Very prejudice!! It is so obvious that they hate them ! No apparent effort to police the sandbar for intoxicated boaters or to limit the number of boats. However, the marine Patrol was very dedicated to following any and all jet skiers to write no wake or 150 feet tickets ! Marine patrol if you are reading this, stop focusing on the jet ski and take a peak at the drunk people !
Hypocrisy 2 years ago July 7, 2020
I agree as a home owner on the lake with both a boat and jetski, the prejudice is REAL!
You can drive by a jetski within 150' on a boat while sucking down a mixed drink and MP won't look twice…… god forbid you overtake a boat on a jetski! Doesn't matter if you're more than 150' you can pretty much guarantee you're a ticket!
Linda Taylor 2 years ago July 6, 2020
I do not understand WHY there is no limit on boats allowed through the ramps on rte 25 or along the lake. The number of boats this weekend was obscene.
The parties at the sandbar all weekend were totally out of control. Grills set up in the shallow water, jello shots, beer and liquor flowing. Dogs racing all over and while there was some Marine Patrol presence, they seemed to totally ignore the mass of boats and people crammed into the sandbar (there must have been 75 plus boats there plus boats anchored in the cove) to target speeding jet skiers.
Without police enforcement, this trend will continue.
We pay very high property taxes and work very hard to keep our property and beach clean and safe. It is upsetting to feel like a prisoner on our property over the weekend
Allison 2 years ago July 7, 2020
I did not get to see nor did I join the festivities this weekend at the sandbar. I also am lucky that our bay only has a few "jerks" from time to time. You know the old adage "give an inch, take a mile". My suggestion, "passes" that are limited in number per bay for either a time period or the season and it is held in a lottery format. Like hunting licenses for Moose in Maine. A sticker that is color coded and displayed where Marine Patrol can see. Helps them police the area and keep people safe.
It's an option where all I see is complaining. I feel for those who live there and wonder how many of the people out there are even licensed. . . . . .
Boater 2 years ago July 8, 2020
I agree so even people who own on the lake would be required to get a pass right because they own property on the lake but they don't own the actual lake.
Anonymous 2 years ago July 7, 2020
I think your right since the State of NH owns the Lake we should only allow NH residents to go on it. That would limit the number of boats for sure.
Hannah 2 years ago July 7, 2020
What about all the people who have summer homes there? That's not a great solution as they make up a majority of the property owners on the lake.
Confused 2 years ago July 7, 2020
I'm a mass resident, but I own a house on the lake…… does this mean I'm not allowed???
C 2 years ago July 7, 2020
I hope it rains this weekend.
Theresa 2 years ago July 7, 2020
Bob 2 years ago July 7, 2020
Cassie Cove , Turtle Cove , Spindle Point otherwise known as Lavatory Junction . Great place to jump in and refresh on a hot day while a turd slowly floats by followed by the diaper it has just left behind and the water temp is a few degrees warmer from all the beer and Jello shots released from the systems of the fun loving boating families enjoying the sun and water sports. Anyone ever calculate how long it takes to clean out after a hot summer weekend or how long it takes that little turd to reach the dam ?
Spindle Point property owner 1 year ago August 26, 2020
So true.. my family owns property on Spindle Point & people totally ignore the private property signs, pull up to our property after boozing all day on the Sandbar the. Let their children/dogs take a dump on our property… while we are still there sitting on our boat… then the locals come down & party on our boat at night after we have left for the day. We need not only marine patrol but Freedom police to be more present
Spindle point 2 years ago July 7, 2020
The sand bar is a total shit show. I own property on the spindle. Actually a few. We have been there for 30 plus year and I must admit I did spend time there in the 80's but the most we would ever see is about 10-12 boats. This weekend there was at least 70 boats on Saturday little less Sunday. I have twin 6 year olds and if you add the my brothers we have a total 10 kids under the age of 12. The language and overall respect for the lake was appalling and needs to managed better. We are friends with the wardens and it's impossible for them to manage that and keep an eye on the rest of lake. Please give them some help. I'd be more than happy to drive law enforcement over in my boat.
Gail Lamothe 2 years ago July 7, 2020
We enjoy taking our young grand children to swim at the sandbar, but took one look this week and turned around. I have been stopped by patrol to do a safety check in that area, and wondered why I was a priority when there were so many rules being broken by anchored boats at the sandbar. Please step it up and clean it up. Especially now
Bonny randall 2 years ago July 8, 2020
the human pooty pool these people stay here all day drinking eating and peeing all day long in that water dogs and all poop in the woods there ,there is no spots to go n sit on freedom beach as well signs every where ,residents only,no dogs but yet you try and go there plates from every state going as fas as texas dogs and drinking upthe yung yang and no place for the residents
Be careful what you wish for as those non NH residents are paying the lions share of property taxes on the lakes to run the lake towns all around the state. You know, things like police, fire and schools…do you really think the locals would have the same quality of services without the out of state revenue that the non-residents bring? From what I've seen the locals don't seem very keen on unfair property assessments that result in higher tax rates. Something the lake front property owners have been dealing with, and locals have been benefiting from, for decades.
SLT 2 years ago July 12, 2020
It's a shame that the original petition was written in such a way that it is unenforceable. The petition which was a very nice balance of respect for the lake as well as allowing people to enjoy themselves at the Sandbar, is not enforced.
Over the past 60 years, we grew up spending summers on Ossipee Lake, raised our family in the same tradition and now own a home in Turtle Cove. It is very sad to see how the Sand Bar section of the lake has deteriorated over the past 60 years. The crowds, drinking, rude behavior, pollution, and the playing of music at unreasonable decibel levels are extremely harmful to the lake and devalue its beauty and balance.
We would very much like to see a change to the laws which regulate the number of boats allowed Channel Ossipee Sandbar.
Atony 2 years ago July 13, 2020
SLT….I remember the days when there would just be a few kids swimming or playing catch on the sandbar….no music, no alcohol and no trash/litter. I don't know how things got so out of hand. At some point a decision has to be made on how to best take care of the lake. What's happening now is not a good solution for safety and water quality.
We were involved in the original petition, gathering signatures, speaking out at the hearing and helping out the person from Cassie Cove who did all the leg work. We have been approached by the marine patrol and it was suggested that it may be a good time to resubmit a petition so the original regulation can be made enforceable. Unfortunately, I don't think anything short of making the sandbar a non-motorized destination (no rafting allowed) with hefty fines is going to change the dynamic. We would be more than happy to have a discussion group around actions that will improve the situation at the sandbar. There are several owners in our cove who have similar thoughts.
Leavitt Lover 1 year ago July 27, 2020
As Leavitt Bay land owners we are not directly exposed to the sand bar shenanigans. We stay away on weekends, but the overcrowding is spreading to other places in the lake as well.
I am bewildered that the surrounding towns put no limits on the number or boats allowed on the lake. The worst part of it is that the towns get no revenue for it! Why not charge $20/day or $100/week for all launches? As it is now, this recreation is subsidized by all the taxpayers in Ossipee, Effingham, and Freedom.
Boaters can afford it and the money can be used to help with the mill foil, with some left over for other town needs.
Gail Baade 1 year ago August 2, 2020
We too have issues at the sandbar on Lake Sunapee, and can not seem to get anybody to do anything about it. There were 94 boats there yesterday, the noise was defining, people were trespassing on our property. Covid-19 is not stopping any of the partiers singing, screaming, chanting, yelling while being shoulder to shoulder in bathing suits.
WE NEED TO GET THE STATE TO PASS NEW LEGISLATION. AND THEN ENFORCE IT WITH MORE MARINE PATROL PRESENCE AND PERHAPS LOCAL POLICE BOATS GIVEN THE AUTHORITY TO DO SO.
Tom 12 months ago February 4, 2021
Land owners on Lake Ossipee have to follow rules. For example, you are limited to how many moorings you can have depending on how much waterfront you own. There are other restrictions- you can't dig within 250 feet of the waterfront without proper permitting. There are all sorts of restrictions you need to follow. If land owners are the tax payers why are they the only ones accountable to follow the rules?? If boaters are on the lake they need to follow the rules. The rules today state that only 10 boats can be on the sandbar at one time. If, for whatever reason, the rules can't be enforced then the rules need to be changed and NO one will be allowed to park on the sandbar. The rules are the rules. I have to follow the rules so the sandbar partiers need to follow the rules, simple as that.


What a beautiful gift box for a new little Baby Girl!
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Tomato Snow Berry is an indeterminate heritage variety that produces masses of small unique creamy-yellow fruit. Snow berry is a very productive variety with long trusses bearing up to 50 fruits per truss, fruits have a good flavour.
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Volunteers help keep Seaside clean.
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in her class in grade school.
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Feb. 1, 2019 1:51 p.m.
Women and children leaving violence in northern B.C.'s largest city will soon have more safe and supportive spaces to turn to.
The Ministry of Municipal Affairs and Housing announced in a release on Friday that Prince George will be the next community to receive a housing development for women and children leaving violent relationships.
Proposed support services to be offered include counselling, referrals to employment readiness training, and workshops about building healthy relationships, financial literacy and self-care.
The project is going through BC Housing's development and approval process, with an expected construction start in fall 2019, the release said.
"All too often, women are faced with barriers such as poverty and homelessness in their journey to find their way to a safe life with their children," said Kathi Heim, executive director of the Prince George Elizabeth Fry Housing Society, which will manage operations and tenant selection.
Over 10 years, the $734-million Women's Transition Fund seeks to build 1,500 transition housing, second-stage housing and long-term housing spaces for women and children leaving violence. Two other transition homes have already been approved in Kitimat and Smithers.


Candy makes kids fat, right?
Revenge could be sweet for the candy crowd. The Vancouver Sun reports a new study finds kids who eat candy weigh less and are less likely be overweight than their counterparts munching on carrots.
This revolutionary study was funded by the U.S. Department of Agriculture and a big chunk of the funding came from the National Confectioners Association. You know, the people who make candy.
Great, so this may be a little like the International Brotherhood of Heroin Pushers Local 839 funding a study that concludes heavy narcotics are essential for building strong bones and teeth.
Researchers at Louisiana State University (hardly puppets of Big Chocolate) found kids who ate candy were 22 percent less likely to be overweight and 28 percent less likely to be obese.
Carol O'Neil, a registered dietitian and professor at Louisiana State University's Agricultural Center, led researchers in tracking the eating habits of kids ages 2 to 17 between 1999 and 2004.
While chocolate is indisputably the food of the gods, O'Neil tells the Vancouver Sun she is not suggesting parents fill the family swimming pool with M&Ms in lieu of dinner. In fact, even though young candy eaters aren't getting fat, she still called their their diets "abysmal."
"Children need to eat better than they are eating now," O'Neil tells the Sun. "Candy can certainly be used as some sort of celebratory treat or an occasional treat."
Her study, she adds, is not "a hall pass to eat what you want."