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We Lied
An Historic Farce
Falsehoods Galore
VP Foot-In-Mouth
Say It Ain't So, Ayatollah
Spreading Fertilizer
Top Obama administration officials have released new details about how they would lift most sanctions against Iran. Those are "unnerving" some experts (see piece below).
"In speeches last week to a conference at the Washington Institute for Near East Policy, Treasury Secretary Jack Lew and Vice President Joe Biden revealed new details about the end of most sanctions against Iran if a nuclear deal is reached. The officials also claimed that most of the sanctions, including multilateral sanctions, could be snapped back into place if Iran cheated, and they argued that giving Iran TENS OF BILLIONS OF DOLLARS in cash won't dramatically increase Iran's spending on terrorism and other nefarious activities." (Emphasis added)
You can read the gory details below. But those of us who have trouble taking seriously ANYTHING the Obama administration, much less VP Foot-in-Mouth, have said about Iran, can skim the details.
Suffice it to say you'll read lots of (quite idiotic) excuses and plenty of wishful thinking, but nothing based on reality, past performance or history. Yet Obama-in-Wonderland et al plod along, spreading fertilizer wherever they go, and relying on the fact that most people know little, if anything, about Iran, its regime, or national security.
As George Orwell once wrote: "In a time of universal deceit, telling the truth becomes a revolutionary act." Well, now is that time.
Bloomberg View | May 4, 2015
Obama's New Answers on Iran Fall Flat
By Josh Rogin
Treasury Secretary Jack Lew. Photo: Andrew Harrer/Bloomberg
Top Obama administration officials have released new details about how they would lift most sanctions against Iran. Those are unnerving some experts, who doubt the administration's claims about the sanctions will hold up.
In speeches last week to a conference at the Washington Institute for Near East Policy, Treasury Secretary Jack Lew and Vice President Joe Biden revealed new details about the end of most sanctions against Iran if a nuclear deal is reached. The officials also claimed that most of the sanctions, including multilateral sanctions, could be snapped back into place if Iran cheated, and they argued that giving Iran tens of billions of dollars in cash won't dramatically increase Iran's spending on terrorism and other nefarious activities.
Lew spoke to a private meeting of Washington Institute members last Wednesday, after which Treasury posted his remarks. He said that President Obama planned to use his own authority to suspend sanctions against Iran's oil, banking and trade sectors after Iran complied with the initial parts of the deal and that Congress wouldn't actually be asked to lift sanctions during his presidency.
"Only after many years of compliance would we ask Congress to vote to terminate sanctions, and only Congress can terminate legislative sanctions," he said.
Lew said this suspension, rather than a legislative repeal of sanctions, would allow the administration to quickly reinstate U.S. sanctions if Iran is caught cheating. He also said that United Nations sanctions would be able to snap back easily and no single nation would be able to stop that.
"We have made it abundantly clear that if Iran breaks its commitment, it will face once again the full force of the multilateral sanctions regime," he said. "The snapback would not be vulnerable to a veto by an individual P5 member, including China and Russia."
That explanation directly conflicts with what Iranian Foreign Minister Javad Zarif told an audience at New York University earlier that day. Zarif said that UN sanctions would be lifted within days of an agreement being signed and that all sanctions would be permanently lifted, including Congressional sanctions, once Iran met its initial obligations.
Treasury officials told me that Lew's statements were in line with previous administration explanations about how sanctions would be suspended and potentially put back into place later. But the Washington Institute's Matt Levitt, a former Treasury official who moderated the April 29 event with Lew, said that once sanctions are suspended, especially the multilateral sanctions, there's no easy way to put them back into place.
"No one should be fooled into thinking there will be any automaticity here," he said. "If we thought Iran was cheating, the debate then moves to whether there was in fact a violation. You can see a situation where Russia and China will dispute whether there is in fact a violation."
Levitt and other experts also noted that Lew said the sanctions on one specific part of the Iranian regime, the Quds Force of the Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps, will stay in place. Treasury considers it linked to terrorism.
Lew didn't say anything about the rest of the Revolutionary Guard, which is sanctioned for both proliferation and human rights violations and controls as much of a third of the Iranian economy through shell companies in mining, banking and oil. It stands accused of directing huge amounts of illicit activity around the region.
"Lew is signaling that the administration is planning on delisting IRCG banks, energy companies and shipping companies, and perhaps the entire IRGC," said Mark Dubowitz, executive director of the Foundation for Defense of Democracies.
Hagar Chemali, a Treasury spokeswoman, told me Lew was not stating directly that the entire IRGC would be free from sanctions if a nuclear deal were signed.
"As we have stated numerous times, sanctions related to Iran's support for terrorism, human rights and other destabilizing behavior will remain in force," she said. "It would be a mistake to pre-judge any other potential future actions."
Several experts said that in order for Iran to receive the sanctions relief it seeks as part of a deal, most if not all of the IRGC sanctions would have to go. That could allow for a huge expansion of the group's influence and activities.
"Isolating the Quds force from the rest of the IRGC ignores the fact that there is a vast IRGC infrastructure that has been involved in human rights violations, proliferation, and terrorism," said Jonathan Schanzer of the Foundation for Defense of Democracies. "It leaves the IRGC with a great deal of room to maneuver."
The exact amount of money Iran would receive after a deal is signed is also in dispute, but Lew said not to worry about that either: Iran has between $100 billion and $140 billion of oil revenue frozen in foreign banks. $30 billion to $50 billion could be released to Iran right after signing a deal. But Lew said Iran was likely to spend that cash on domestic needs and not on terrorism or support for violence.
"President Rouhani was elected on a platform of economic revitalization, and Iranians are demanding proof that engagement with the international community will produce tangible economic benefits," Lew said. "As a result, Iran is expected to use new revenues chiefly to address those needs, including by shoring up its budget, building infrastructure, maintaining the stability of the rial, and attracting imports."
Lew also said that Iran has lost so much money to the sanctions, it would take the Iranian government years to recoup those losses. Levitt disagreed and said that the Iranian economy doesn't have to recoup losses like a business would.
"It's a cute argument, but it misses the point," said Levitt. "I don't think the argument is going to sway people in the region, particularly the Gulf states, who are very worried about the near-term release of significant amounts of money that will empower Iran to do all sorts of things."
Dubowitz sees the same risk: "When you give bad people bad money, they use it for bad things."
Biden, in his April 30 speech at the Washington Institute, made a more emotional argument for the deal, praising the administration's work to build up sanctions against Iran and the progress of the negotiations so far.
"It's true that Iran could try to cheat, whether there's a deal or not," he said. "Now they didn't cheat under the interim deal — the Joint Plan of Action — as many were certain they would."
That record of good behavior is debatable. Iran stands accused of violating the interim deal in a number of ways and also reportedly violated other parts of the existing sanctions regime, including by expanding an illicit nuclear procurement network that operates through two blacklisted firms.
Under the deal being discussed, Biden said, Iran would allow inspectors to visit "not only declared nuclear facilities, but undeclared sites where suspicious, clandestine work is suspected." He said the the international community would have "the ability to challenge suspect locations."
Experts following the talks say the Iranians have ruled out any access to military sites, which makes Biden's pitch a little weak.
"Having the ability to 'challenge' suspect sites is not the same thing as getting access to them, which is the key thing," particularly when the Iranians have taken military installations off the table, said Eliot Cohen, who served as State Department Counselor during the George W. Bush administration.
The speeches by Lew and Biden constituted the administration's most assertive effort to date to detail their thinking about how sanctions will be lifted. The two officials seemed to be eager to get ahead of any and all the criticisms they are anticipating. But they did not. Unless the nuclear talks shift significantly before the June 30 deadline, the administration will continue to face questions it can't answer.


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Lucrative small businesses can quickly fail if they lack money. Similarly, unprofitable unprof small companies can be survived for a long time if they have a decent money balance. Simply puts, money is the life blood of American small businesses.
Naturally, when times are difficult, inability to acquire capital to pay day-to-day operating costs typically ends up being a source of concern, anxiety and diversion for small company owners.
Unfortunately, the majority of big city and town standard loan providers have stiff and stringent requirements that their customers should satisfy.
Organisations have a separate credit score from business owner. Even if business owner has a high credit rating, the business may not have a recognized credit rating (specifically if freshly developed). For that reason, potential loan providers have to offer services with that take business owner's individual credit into factor to consider which accepts candidates with less than best credit.
Usually, brick and mortar loan providers only service businesses doing 20k or more in month-to-month revenue. This disqualifies smaller sized businesses doing 10k-15k in monthly profits.


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Facebook: Dixie V. McCoy
Rare sight: 25 whales wash ashore on St. Simons Island
2 searching for lost dog find remains in wooded area near FSCJ South Campus
Pair sought in Oklahoma murder arrested in St. Johns County
St Johns County
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Accused St. Augustine drug dealer charged with murder in overdose death
Friend will always remember 18-year-old 'with a smile'
Pilot hospitalized after float plane crash in Crescent City
World War II veteran and longtime pastor celebrates his 99th birthday
Positively Jax
Sheriff's budget proposal asks for 25 new deputies to address growth
I-TEAM: 1 taken to hospital after elevator 'failed' at senior community
Young leaders voice their greatest concerns in Jacksonville
By Kent Justice - Anchor/reporter
Posted: 9:48 PM, April 29, 2019 Updated: 9:48 PM, April 29, 2019
JACKSONVILLE, Fla. - Young leaders are working with a Jacksonville congressman to voice their greatest concerns in the River City though a town hall-style meeting.
The group leading the charge is The Young Leaders of Today. On Monday night, it gathered at FSCJ's downtown campus for its "State Of The Youth" meeting. The forum incorporated the I'm A Star Foundation, Mayor Lenny Curry's Young Leaders Advisory Council and Lee High School's EVAC program.
The big topics, set by the students, included mental health, violence and quality of education.
"Mental health and physical health are equally as important," said Athena Chialtas with Young Leaders of Today. " I hope that we can enlighten people on the true meaning of mental health and how important it is."
The point of the program is to open dialogue and educate the community about the concerns of young people.
"We want to be able to break down those barriers, those economic barriers, those social barriers, those racial barriers," said Rodney Wells, president of The Young Leaders of Today. "If we're going to find real solutions, you have to get a little uncomfortable. You have to be able to bring in different perspectives."
During the event, audience cards were filled out so the panel could address specific questions on the spot. Organizers called it a major opportunity for adults to let young voices be heard, and understood.
6-year-old Utah girl accidentally killed by golf ball
Study: Climate change driving growth of California wildfires
Slain activist exuded a 'quiet power' as she enriched her community
Half of US will see 95+-degree temps over next 7 days
Best jobs that don't require a degree

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Two botanists stumbled across this living kauri stump while on a walk in the woods
Sebastian Leuzinger/The Atlantic
Ed Yong, The Atlantic
At some point, a kauri tree fell in a New Zealand forest, and no one noticed. Nor did anyone pay attention when the remnant of its trunk rotted away, leaving behind a stump that's barely even a stump—a chair-size, hollowed-out half cylinder, sticking up from the middle of a hiking trail, leafless and apparently dead. "It doesn't look spectacular at all," says Sebastian Leuzinger of the Auckland University of Technology. "Everyone would have walked past it for years."
But when Leuzinger saw the stump, on a walk with fellow botanist Martin Bader, his head turned. He saw that even though it had no leaves, stems, or greenery of any kind, it did still contain living tissue—and when he knocked on the stump, it sounded different from deadwood. All appearances to the contrary, it's still alive. How?
Leuzinger and Bader eventually showed that the stump is connected to one or more of the kauri trees around it, probably via its roots. They are hydraulically coupled: The water flowing through the full-size trees also drives water through the stump, keeping it alive. It will never green again, never make cones or seeds or pollen, never unfall, never reclaim its towering verticality. But at least for now, it's not going to die, either.
How best to think about the living stump? Is it a vampiric parasite that sustains its undead existence by leeching the supplies of its fellow trees? Is it a beneficial partner that extends the root network of those other kauri in exchange for water? Is it even an individual entity anymore, or just a part of its neighbors? Without chlorophyll to harness the sun's energy and make its own food, is it really much of a plant, or something more like a fungus or an animal—an organism that gets its nutrients from other living things? "I think this is really exciting," says Franciska de Vries of the University of Amsterdam. "It poses so many questions."
Underground, trees are intimately connected. The fungi on their roots can wire adjacent individuals to one another and ferry nutrients between them, creating what ecologists have come to call a "wood-wide web." The roots themselves can also graft directly onto one another—a phenomenon that's been documented in about 150 species, but is still mysterious. Why do it? Researchers have suggested that these natural grafts stabilize the trees, or allow them to share resources during times of hardship.
But what if one of the connected trees becomes a stump? Living stumps—no leaves, but intact roots—were documented first in 1833, and several times since. There's a signposted one, for example, in Oregon's Rogue River Gorge. Researchers have long assumed that their roots are connected to those of their neighbors, but that doesn't fully explain how they survive.
Here's the problem: Water isn't pumped through trees, but pulled. The water that evaporates from leaves drags more water up through stems and from roots—a process called transpiration. But without leaves, that pulling force is absent. Water doesn't flow, and neither do the nutrients dissolved within it. The innards of a leafless stump should be stagnant. Instead, they're still on the move. Leuzinger and Bader proved that by inserting small needles into the water-carrying tissues, releasing small pulses of heat from one needle at intervals, and then detecting the pulses with the others. The stump's water flows at a fifth the speed of its neighbors', but it does flow.
The speed of that flow depends on what the surrounding trees are doing. If the neighbors' sap flows faster, the stump's sap flows slower. But if the neighbors reduce transpiration, whether at night or during heavy rain, the stump's sap starts racing. This suggests that it isn't just a passive part of its neighbors' roots. Instead, it seemingly uses their downtime to gain more water.
Why would the intact trees keep their connections to a partner that's no longer contributing anything itself? They might benefit because the stump's roots extend the range over which they can collect water, Leuzinger says. Or it could just be that they can't identify freeloaders in their networks, or dissociate from them.
How the stump keeps water flowing is still a mystery. "The vessels in a tree aren't built for this," Leuzinger says. "They're one-directional. Water goes from the roots to the crown. But if you're a living stump, you have to reorganize your pathways so water can enter and leave again. This is completely unknown."
It's also unclear exactly how the stump keeps water flowing to its neighbors, because the team didn't dig up its roots to check. (That would require a permit, because the kauri is a protected species.) "However, it's 100 percent that there is a root graft," says Annie Desrochers of the University of Québec at Abitibi-Témiscamingue. "Otherwise, how could the stump be living?"
So far, Leuzinger and Bader haven't been able to find any similar kauri stumps, and while local foresters told them they have seen examples before, no one could point them to one. "It would be really interesting to find out whether this is a regularly occurring phenomenon rather than a one-off observation," de Vries says. "That would have far-reaching implications for forest ecology."
Desrochers certainly thinks that it's common, especially because she has found evidence of natural root grafts in every forest where she has looked. "That means trees can share water, nutrients, and diseases," she says. If there's a drought or insect epidemic, connected trees are more likely to survive, because resources can flow from unaffected individuals to beleaguered ones. Yet if a forest is thinned, the surviving trees might be stuck supporting connected but unproductive roots.
If times are good, she suspects that "supporting a stump or a weaker connected neighbor doesn't make much difference." But harsher conditions could destroy an entire stand "because the few photosynthesizing trees cannot support a large root biomass, which they cannot 'choose' to stop feeding, because they are connected with wood."
"That really changes our view on forest mortality," Leuzinger adds. If living, intact trees regularly share water through connected supplies, "we need to look at forests as superorganisms," he says.
Suzanne Simard on the networked beauty of forests
Ecologist Suzanne Simard, now at the University of British Columbia, has pioneered research into how trees communicate. She has shown how trees use a network of soil fungi to convey their needs and aid neighboring plants. Now she's warning that threats like clear-cutting and climate change could disrupt these critical networks.
Video: How trees talk to each other
"A forest is much more than what you see," says forest ecologist Suzanne Simard. Her 30 years of research in Canadian forests have led to an astounding discovery—trees talk, often and over vast distances. Learn more about the harmonious yet complicated social lives of trees and prepare to see the natural world with new eyes.
Video & Review: The Hidden Life of Trees
Jai Arjun Singh, Scroll.in
Trees operate on very different time-scales from the ones we are used to, both in terms of life-spans and in terms of how long it takes them to process information and translate it into action. Is this the main reason why we find it so difficult to recognise them as truly sentient beings, Wohlleben wonders.
German forest ranger finds that trees have social networks, too
Peter Wohlleben has delighted readers with the news — long known to biologists — that trees are social beings. They can count, learn and remember; nurse sick neighbors; warn each other of danger; and, for reasons unknown, keep ancient stumps of their long-felled companions alive for centuries by feeding them a sugar solution through their roots.
Tags: conservation, ecological conservation, education & awareness, forests, humans and nature, ideas & ideology, inspiration & musings, nature, science & research, trees & plant life
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March 6 - Marshall, MN - AmericInn, 1406 E Lyon St.
May 15 - Hutchinson, MN - McLeod County Fairgrounds Country Diner, 840 Century Ave.
PQA+s certification is scheduled from 9:00 a.m. - noon and TQA from 1:00 - 4:00 p.m. at all locations.
Information for all PQA+ and TQA certification sessions scheduled for 2019 can be found on UMN Extension webpage under courses and events and searching for 'PQA' or 'TQA'. Information can also be found on MN Pork Board's website (www.mnpork.com). Pre-registration is encouraged by contacting Colleen at Minnesota Pork Board at colleen@mnpork.com or call 1-800-537-7675.


We are so grateful that you've taken some time to get to know us. It's difficult to share everything about our lives in just a few pages, but we hope something touches your heart and makes you want to reach out to us. We also hope you might find some sense of peace knowing there is a family that will love and care for your baby beyond limits. We wish you all the best on this journey!
Please do not hesitate to reach out to us with any questions you may have. We would love to hear from you!


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Brocket Arms
bramfield, Hertfordshire
7.2 miles from bramfield, UK-F8
A priest who was either tried and hanged or, rather, committed suicide is said to haunt here. (Submitted by Chris Berglund)
Minsden Chapel
The ruins of this chapel are home to a phantom monk who said to ring bells (which do not exist anymore) and that of a nun who was murdered in a nearby tunnel system. (Submitted by Chris Berglund)
Bruce Castle
15.1 miles from bramfield, UK-F8
A lady who supposedly committed suicide is said to remain here. People said that they have seen her apparition or heard her screams. (Submitted by Chris Berglund)
Avenue House
The spirits said to remain here are a woman who wanders around the premise (believed to be the former governess), a bitter man who can be found in the Turret Room, and a child who was locked in the cellar. (Submitted by Chris Berglund)
8 Ferrestone Road
This old terrace house is reportedly haunted by a violent poltergeist, who forced a family to leave after throwing objects around and making mysterious banging noises. It has been dubbed the 'Hornsey Coal Ghost' and is believed to be one of those buried in the garden which was a former ...
1 Avenue Road
This former gothic mansion was recently refurbished as a block of apartments, but resident still report instances of paranormal activity. Strange flickering flights have been seen moving around the upper floors, and loud footsteps and other disembodied noises have been heard. Chanting can be heard in some parts of the ...
Alexander House
This housing estate was built in the 1940's, but the land it was built on was the site of a former asylum. Residents have reported sighting the apparition of a shadowy figure with an evil face gliding through rooms and corridors of the estates, as well as seeing the figure ...
17 miles from bramfield, UK-F8
A woman named Mother Marnes was murdered here; she is said to be seen wearing all black. Other people have been pushed, heard unusual noises, or felt very unwelcomed, particularly in the ballroom. (Submitted by Chris Berglund)
The Flask
An unidentified woman has been seen here. She likes to swing the lights and move glasses, but if the temperature makes a sudden drop, she could be about to make a full-bodied appearance. (Submitted by Chris Berglund)
Gloucester Drive
Children can be heard running up and down the street at unusual hours, despite the road being empty. (Submitted by Chris Berglund)
Tollington Park
The sounds of a former murder from the beginning of the 20th century have been heard here. Generally, it's described as the sound of someone being chased, then choking to death. (Submitted by Chris Berglund)
Highgate Cemetery
The two most commonly seen ghosts are that of a woman in grey often searching around frantically (the common belief is that she's looking for her children whom she killed) and a robed man who can be viewed from afar, but disappears when viewed too close. Another figure is said ...
The Kelvedon Hatch Nuclear Bunker
Kelvedon Hatch, Essex
The apparitions here include former bunker and RAF personnel, a tall elderly woman, and a dark force in the sick bay. Some people say that the bunker was built by an ancient burial site from the Bronze Age and another story involves a worker who was buried alive in concrete. ...
Sutton House
A woman (thought to be wife of John Machell the younger) has been seen here in a white (or sometimes) blue dress. Guests have been awakened from their slumber in the Exhibition Room by a woman standing beside them. Dogs are heard barking despite no animals being inside of here, ...
King's Cross Station
A fire in 1987 resulted in 31 deaths. Since 1998, a woman in distress has been seen, but disappears when people reach her. Submitted by Chris Berglund
Bethnal Green Tube Station
On March 1st, 1943, the sound of an anti-aircraft battery went off, but was mistaken for an attack by the Luftwaffe. Many Londoners fled down this tube, but the stampede resulted in the deaths of 173 people. The screams of many are still heard, as well as crying and sobbing. Submitted ...
Clerkenwell House
Once a prison, the site was closed and demolished in the 1890's, however the underground tunnels still exist. A child is known to be heard crying far in the distance, believed to be lost in the darkness. Shadows wander ahead and behind of people, and one grim spirit is said ...
The Bow Bells
A spirit is said to occupy the washroom. It flushes toilets (while in use), plays with the doors, and has manifested as fog that oozes from the ground. (Submitted by Chris Berglund)
Cross Keys Hotel
Saffron Walden, Essex
A ghostly woman believed to be Oliver Cromwell's mistress has been seen here. The apparition of a ghostly soldier is more commonly seen and heard in the corridors of the hotel. (Submitted by Chris Berglund)
Farringdon station
The ghost of an orphan named Anne Naylor was supposedly murdered and disposed of around here somewhere in the 18th or 19th century. Many passer-bys report the sound of her shriek and have since given her the nickname of "the Screaming Spectre of Farringdon". Submitted by Chris Berglund
Truman Brewery Site
The second victim of Jack the Ripper, Anne Chapman, was discovered here. Her apparition was said to be seen standing up against the wall of the boardroom, usually accompanied by a chill. Submitted by Chris Berglund
The Rising Sun
A perverted ghost has tried to undress women who sleep here and has been reported when people have showered. Workers have also reported the sounds of footsteps running across the empty rooms. (Submitted by Chris Berglund)
A jester named Rahere founded this church after having a vision of St. Batholomew; buried inside of here, the ghost of Rahere (who became a monk later in life) is seen by the altar and by the Lady Chapel. (Submitted by Chris Berglund)
Ten Bells Pub
Mary Kelly, Jack the Ripper's final victim, was last seen here before she was discovered the next day having been brutally mutilated. Kelly herself is not the ghost here, but rather, a Victorian gentlemen believed to be former owner, George Roberts. George is seen on the upper floors and would ...
Liverpool Street Station
Back in 2000, CCTV footage caught a blur emerging and vanishing here. A man in overalls is seen here; legend has it that the tube was built over a burial site. Submitted by Chris Berglund
Weird Hauntings: True Tales of Ghostly Places
Joanne Austin
Brookside Theatre
Romford, Greater London
The theatre itself was only opened in 2012, but the building has existed since the 1950's. Security footage of poltergeist activity has brought to light the possibility that this place is haunted. (Submitted by Chris Berglund)
An irate poltergeist is known its tantrums. In the cellar, it likes to knock things about and touch people. One owner had the doors slam behind him and an invisible force held the door shut from the other side. (Submitted by Chris Berglund)
Lincoln Inn Site - Ghost Bird
Somewhere around this area once stood Lincoln's Inn. The offices of here were terrified of a presence that was thought to be a ghost bird; a young man had apparently been murdered in here for explanation while another hung himself inside of the same room. What they both had in ...
The site of many public executions, many say those executed still remain in the building, usually in the 'Dead Man's Walk' (where they were led to be hung). Other people say that plague victims are reported in this location (as thousands of them were buried nearby). (Submitted by Chris Berglund)
Aldgate tube station
The station was built over a plague pit supposedly containing 1,000 bodies. The ghosts here are said to be protective; one story involves an electrician who was shocked with 20,000 volts after a mistake during a normal repair. A transparent figure of an elderly woman was seen beside him and ...
In All Souls' Chapel, an old clergyman (apparently accompanied by a mysterious, high-pitched whistling noise) is seen. Submitted by Chris Berglund
St. Botolph Without Aldgate
In 1982, a photographer managed to capture a photograph of a figure dressed out-of-date in the upper sections on this church. It is considered to be one of the most famous ghost photos ever taken lending to the idea that St. Botolph's is haunted. (Submitted by Chris Berglund)
Mitre Square
Catherine Eddowes, the fourth victim of Jack the Ripper was discovered here in 1888. Some people say that as the anniversary of her death approaches (September 30th), her figure is seen nearby the spot in which she was murdered. Submitted by Chris Berglund
Bank and Monument stations
Since the 19th century, a dark and foul apparition has been seen here, nicknamed "The Black Nun". It is said that she remains here because she is awaiting the return of her brother who had long since been executed. Submitted by Chris Berglund
Haunted Christmas: Yuletide Ghosts and Other Spooky Holiday Happenings
Mary Beth Crain
Judge Henry Hawkins manifests in the gardens and is said to stay visible for an extended period. Cavaliers, knights, and those who once occupied this area are also said to haunt this location, sometimes being caught on photo. (Submitted by Chris Berglund)
The George
Guests and workers report a cavalier of 17th century origin in the cellar. He is said to be quite harmless and usually will just stare at people. (Submitted by Chris Berglund)
St James's Church
A mummified teenaged boy was discovered here in 1839. He is nicknamed 'Jimmy Garlick' and may be responsible for the objects that move themselves and the strange noises. (Submitted by Chris Berglund)
King William Street Tunnel
This tunnel has been closed since 1900; however, a photographer in the 1980's managed to capture an apparition on camera. A ghostly fog also appears from time to time. Submitted by Chris Berglund
St Magnus-the-Martyr
A monk has been seen in various locations throughout the church. A solemn feeling is also reported near the tomb of Miles Coverdale. (Submitted by Chris Berglund)
All Hallows By The Tower Church
As the oldest church in London, it should be no surprise that this one has a haunted reputation. A boy's choir practicing in the 1920's were surprised to see an elderly woman stop by and watch them. The choirmaster had thought he locked the doors... and was even more surprised ...
America's Haunted Universities: Ghosts that Roam Hallowed Halls
Matthew L. Swayne
Haunted Theaters: Playhouse Phantoms, Opera House Horrors, and Backstage Banshees
» Cemeteries near bramfield, UK-F8
» Find museums in bramfield, UK-F8


Trabolgan Holiday Village just got even more exciting! Your children will be delighted to meet their favourite PJ Masks characters at Trabolgan Holiday Village, where they will be joining us this year. Catboy, Owlette and Gekko are the latest addition to our friendly children's entertainment team, swooping into action at night to solve the mysteries that arise during the day. They're on a mission to make things right for everyone, and they're sure to bring smiles to all the young visitors to Trabolgan this season.
We know you'll have a great time at Trabolgan, and our free entertainment for adults and children ensures that there is something for everyone in the family. The highlight of the programme for children will be our fantastic Woodland friends and their PJ Masks pals, and we also have a good variety of activities for everyone, including quizzes, bingo, cabaret acts and a great line up of live bands throughout the season.
Catboy. He's fast, he's agile and he can hear the smallest sounds across unbelievable distances. Catboy is the leader of the trio and can outrun anyone! You'll hear him shout 'Super Cat Speed' as he leaps into action and goes all out for adventure.
Owlette. With super powers that include taking flight, Owlette is a hero to watch out for. She's got the sharpest of owl eyes and a quick mind that keeps her ahead of the rest, and her wing wind is a weapon to behold!
Gekko. Gekko is the youngest of our heroes, but he is a strong and sticky master of camoflage, ready to rush into danger and save the day. He's great at climbing and has an amazing strength that sees him triumph every time.
Your children will love the opportunity to meet the PJ Masks cartoon characters live at Trabolgan, and the characters may inspire them to try our fantastic range of sporting activities too. They'll love to flex their own superhero muscles as they climb, run and swim their way to the best holiday they've ever had. All entertainment is free to resident guests.
Here at Trabolgan Holiday Village, our new covered plaza area is perfect for all weather fun, so you can enjoy your break without worrying about the rain. Our luxurious self catering accommodation is perfect for your family break, with fully equipped kitchen and attractive decor, and if you prefer to eat out, we have an excellent range of entertainment and dining venues on site, too.
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<On Digital Populism in Brazil
Ethnographies of Racial Europe>
Intellectual Property Subversion: Rethinking Creativity and Ownership
Leo Colemanon April 17, 2019 /0 comments
Review Essay.
Jason B. Scott, University of Colorado-Boulder
Reviewed in this Essay:
Regulating Style: Intellectual Property Law and the Business of Fashion in Guatemala, Kedron Thomas (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2016).
Culture Jamming: Activism and the Art of Cultural Resistance, Marilyn DeLaure and Moritz Fink, eds. (New York: NYU Press, 2017).
Creativity without Law: Challenging the Assumptions of Intellectual Property, Kate Darling and Aaron Perzanowski, eds. (New York: NYU Press, 2017).
In June 2018, a Brazilian photographer posted an image to Instagram that went on to be shared over 1,000 times. The photo showed a twelve-year-old boy named Wallace gazing at a World Cup match that played on a big screen set up on the street. Wallace wore a cheap yellow shirt with the name "Philippe Coutinho", a player from Brazil's national team, and the number "11" scribbled with a felt-tipped marker across the back. The boy was from one of Rio de Janeiro's poorest and most violent favelas (shantytowns)and could not afford an officially licensed jersey. The media network that owned the broadcasting rights to the World Cup, O Globo, noticed Wallace's story trending on Instagram and ran segments about him during game breaks. Players from Brazil's national team posted personal messages to Wallace. Coutinho even sent an autographed jersey to replace the now-famous improvised one. The story was picked up by international news outlets such as The Guardian and El Pais. However, as it circulated, few commented on the contradictions of intellectual property that it laid bare. Brazil's National Football Confederation and O Globo wage frequent legal battles to protect their intellectual property, including branded clothing and game broadcasts. Yet, these same corporations were more than eager to appropriate the value-laden symbolism of a boy who could not afford to consume their licensed products—and yet who mimicked their form to express his passionate fandom. Lost in the promotion of Wallace's story was the fact that his homemade jersey produced cultural meaning specifically because it subverted the commodified authenticity of corporate sanction.
Wallace's story encapsulates a current scholarly focus on the subversion of intellectual property regimes as they are interpreted across cultural settings. In this essay I review three recent books, Regulating Style, Culture Jamming, and Creativity without Law, that examine the subversion of legal copyrights, patents, and trademarks. IP subversion, as I will call the common object of these studies, is a noteworthy cultural phenomenon that aligns with a broader themes in recent anthropological scholarship, such as the right to traditional knowledge in Western legal frameworks (Coombe 1998) and the exclusionary market conditions perpetuated by patents in the pharmaceutical industry (Goldstein 2007). The books I review below show that fashion, food, and graffiti are just as relevant to the discussions of IP as indigenous knowledge or biomedical prospecting.
Regulating Style
In Regulating Style, Kedron Thomas examines a textile industry in Guatemala that employs mostly rural Maya and produces "knockoffs" or unlicensed reproductions of popular global clothing brands. Although knockoffs subvert IP law, they are also wholeheartedly accepted by locals under an alternative set of ethical regimes. Knockoff producers are often labeled "pirates" by international corporations who speak of the counterfeit clothing industry in terms of "rebellion, thievery, bad intentions, and deviant behavior" (p. 2). In contrast, Thomas' ethnographic informants contend that "there is no original" (p. 5), and demonstrate a sense of ownership not only over their own "knockoff" products but also in relation to brands such as Abercrombie and Fitch, which without the skills and labor of rural Maya would not be produced.
Thomas argues that IP is a key legal tool that allows powerful corporate and state actors to "regulate style", determining what type of fashion and clothing production is considered legitimate internationally. But debates over "good" copying versus "bad" copying have other ramifications in peripheral settings across the globe where international brands produce clothing (p. 12). By denouncing some actors in the fashion industry as rightful owners and others as criminals, brands not only protect the aesthetic and economic value of their designs but also reproduce forms of cultural exclusion.
The first section of Regulating Style provides the background to Guatemala's socio-economic development, and the historical context for both regulation and copying in the textile industry there. The middle sections of the book examine literature on IP and branding, how consumers are framed and created by producers in rural Guatemala, and the cultural relationship between Mayan communities and American brands. Thomas does an excellent job combining previous work on Guatemala Maya (ex. Fischer and Hendrickson 2002; Fischer 2001; Warren 1998) with work concerning intellectual property and economic informality (i.e. Roitman 2005). Textile production in Guatemala, exemplified by migrant laborers employed in small urban factories that fulfill international contracts, encourages multiple interpretations of brand ownership that depend on one's position in the commodity chain. The final chapter looks at how fashion merges with "security talk" (Goldstein 2010), where certain forms of production and producers are criminalized through a discourse of IP rights.
Reading Regulating Style, one could imagine the IP conditions described by Thomas as unfolding in Bangladesh, the Philippines, or any of the myriad of other places that produce clothing for the fashion industry. Alongside a historically-specific disregard for and de-legitimization of Mayan culture, the refusal to acknowledge the informal rights of clothing pirates has produced a form of colonial dispossession increasingly common around the world. However, as Thomas also shows, by appropriating a fashion brand, marginalized communities can subvert not only corporate domination and appropriation of locally-produced value, but also the socio-economic and political conditions that cause oppression.
In Culture Jamming, editors Marilyn DeLaure and Moritz Fink gather an excellent group of contributors who likewise describe communities that rework, disrupt, and subvert dominant cultural patterns. The first section of Culture Jamming outlines the social and scholarly history of jamming as a term for resistance and creative, artful, and subversive play, including re-publications of scholarship by Mark Dery and Christine Harold that are considered to be foundational to the subject. These chapters explore Umberto Eco's (1986) concept of "semiological guerrillas" and his discussion of individuals who introduce symbolic "static" into the signals of culture, challenging dominant representations and highlighting alternative knowledge. The second section offers critical case studies that encourage readers to consider various contexts in which cultural jamming might now be practiced, experienced, and extended as a political method of resistance. The chapters are written by a group of twelve scholars, artists, and activists, surveying various public efforts to jam culture, including graffiti artists who appropriate corporate imagery in order to challenge the ownership of public space and operators of pirate radio stations. The final section of the book examines more critically the limits and potentials of cultural jamming. The editors variously describe these practices as "artistic terrorism" (p. 8), cultural détournement or sabotage (p. 13), and a form of anti-capitalist revolution (p. 88). On the flip side of this militant approach, the authors caution that a subversive practice can always be appropriated by powerful actors. In a neat inversion of the clothing piracy described by Thomas, in which copying is openly avowed as a kind of authentic Maya practice and a subversion of IP, the authors of Culture Jamming warn that activists and artists may have difficultly distinguishing between what is "authentic" cultural expression, and what is designed with the intention of maintaining corporate or state authority. In this sense, Culture Jamming could be seen as a call to action that fosters "hope and inspiration" (29) as well as a warning that IP subversion can be used by dominant cultural creators. Still, at its best, culture jamming subverts an engineered "culture of consumption" (Horkheimer and Adorno 2000[1944]), identifying the oppressive relationships upon which knowledge creation is founded and taking steps to emancipate society from false narratives of creativity.
The editors and some of the individual authors of Culture Jamming make a point to reference Kembrew McLeod (2007) and Lawrence Lessig (2004), scholars who detail the legal mechanisms that effectively criminalize the appropriation, remixing, and dissemination of various cultural forms, and many of the contributors specifically focus on subversion and regulation in relation to intellectual property law. Alongside their frequent discussions of copyright, patent law, and other IP issues, however, the authors also invoke a unique lineage of jammer literature such as Mark Dery's Culture Jamming: Hacking, Slashing, and Sniping in the Empire of Signs (1993) and Christine Harold's Our Space: Resisting the Corporate Control of Culture (2007). Thus, the volume's essays provoke a broader imagination of potentials for appropriation, remixing, and cultural transformation across social spaces. Future scholars may build on these themes by discussing how powerful institutions such as corporations and governments use culture jamming to pursue their own problematic goals. For example, while reading through each chapter, I often was reminded of the Internet memes promoted by Russian trolls on social media during the 2016 election. According to U.S. intelligence agencies, Russian state agents were believed to deceive thousands if not millions of potential voters through the use of "fake news." By combining politically provocative declarations with eye catching imagery, state-sponsored trolls appeared to embrace the libertarian and disruptive frameworks of social media. One person's subversive cultural jammer (an Internet troll) may have been another's defender of cultural norms (a state agent). Considering the political effects of these more problematic jammers, I finished Culture Jamming imagining a research project that would ask "what happens when 'the man' learns to jam?"
Creativity without Law
Creativity without Law is centered on the question of whether strong IP law is necessary to promote creative behavior. The editors, Kate Darling and Aaron Perzanowski, ask about the relation between legal incentives and creativity, and argue that "despite its deep preoccupation with incentives, IP policy embraced legal exclusivity without a careful examination of the conditions and motivations that define the creative environment" (2). Throughout the volume, the reader is introduced to IP laws that do not work or fail to address the needs of specific creative communities. Stopping short of calling traditional IP law impractical, Creativity without Law describes creative communities that thrive, despite the legal forms of property and rights that routinely fail to protect or foster their unique forms of sharing and expression.
For Darling and Perzanowski, IP law tends to ignore the capacity of creative industries to self-govern through dynamic social or market responses. The editors point to factors other than formal state laws that encourage communities to exercise modes of creativity, including city planning, ethics laws, and market regulation. Creativity without Law looks towards negative spaces, where legal frameworks are either unpractical, unclear, or easily subverted, and what practices and meanings are built around this absence of law.
The individual chapters of Creativity without Law demonstrate the various way people can assert alternative understandings of creativity, property, and economic participation. The first set of chapters compare laws and practices that relate to food and medicine. According to Darling and Perzanowski, pharmaceuticals and cocktails are "distant cousins" (7), and examining them together can reveal common ideas about what copyright and patent law protect. These chapters take readers to settings as varied as French kitchens and medical laboratories. Both the medical and hospitality industries have traditionally avoided claiming ownership of techniques and practices and instead promoted the sharing of knowledge. However, since the late 1970s there has been a proliferation of patents on genetic materials and medical procedures while entrepreneurs in the food industry have likewise sought legal control of recipes, flavors, and dishes.
The second section of Creativity without Law looks at tattoo and graffiti artists who shun formal copyright protections in favor of internal social norms to protect individual artists' rights to certain designs. In these communities copying a recognizable design is frowned upon, and disputes are negotiated through non-legal mechanisms. The third and final section of the book discusses "creative practices that—while still unfamiliar to most readers—exhibit many of the hallmarks typical of IP-reliant industries and nonetheless subvert expectations about the role of legal regulation" (10). The Nigerian film industry, for example, grapples with piracy much like its Hollywood cousin, but rather than seeking stronger protection from the law, producers circumvent weak IP enforcement with prolific cultural production. Contributors in this section reiterate a central theme found throughout Creativity without Law, that even without the guidance of IP, creative industries can still produce, innovate, and thrive.
The volume's final chapter, written by Chris Sprigman, discusses IP's "negative space" and is particularly interesting, as it might provide the basis for a wider, more theoretical discussion of IP subversion as a key contemporary social practice. Negative spaces are industries that could technically be governed by IP law, but instead occupy an economic and cultural space outside of IP law. The example that Sprigman uses to open his discussion, comparing the failure of Microsoft's proprietary encyclopedia Encarta to the success of the donor-sponsored and crowd-sourced encyclopedia Wikipedia, helps us concretely imagine the unique social products that might occupy a negative space and defy dominant logics of IP. Sprigman's description of negative space gives a name and a set of qualities to social contexts that encourage creativity regardless of IP law.
Comparisons of IP Subversion
These three works, ultimately, help us ask a common set of questions relating to subversion of IP regimes: How do individuals and communities subvert dominant legal codes related to intellectual property? What is an authentic or legitimate form of expression in a neoliberal and post-modern world? What are the roles that emerge through IP subversion (Artists, plagiarists, satirists, textile factory workers, etc.)? And, how can we map the social, political, and legal architectures of unique creative communities beyond or in the absence of IP law? For many of these scholars, moreover, this set of questions leads to broader advocacy for more fair and egalitarian ways of understanding and regulating cultural production, beyond property rights, which might prioritize the rights of marginalized individuals to deconstruct power and authority rather than the rights of dominant and dominating corporate "owners" of culture.
There are some tonal differences between the works that reflect the diversity of perspectives found in the study of IP subversion. Whereas Culture Jamming maintains a scholarship of hope, Creativity without Law appears more pragmatic, and Regulating Style appears more pessimistic about the influence of IP in marginalized communities. Regulating Style is by far the easiest to read because it offers a concise contextual and theoretical narrative grounded in a single-authored case study, rather than an edited volume with multiple contributors. Thomas rarely strays off her theoretical course and, by concentrating on the specific actions and struggles of marginalized creators, she demonstrates the intricate and uphill battle waged by fashion pirates to exercise their own creativity. For both the edited volumes, the various authors ground their arguments in case studies from popular culture and well-known social phenomena. Where Culture Jamming describes a number of contexts but appears theoretically cohesive, Creativity without Law's theoretical approach is as varied as the contexts that it describes. Culture Jamming, however, seems ethnographically thin, with its primary focus on the products produced and circulated by culture jammers. This ethnographic "thinness" could have been addressed with a more in-depth discussion of the authors' relationship to the cultural jammer scene. Are the author's jammers? Do they study negative spaces in hopes of dissecting problematic economic systems in their more immediate political and social contexts?
Finally, these works suggest that the future of IP subversion and its study lies at the intersection of communities of practice, with their own norms and understandings, and the codes and practices of internet circulation. Recent anthropological scholarship suggests that information technology is becoming the preeminent focus of IP studies (Dent 2016). The Internet is at the forefront of popular discussions about rights to express, create, and appropriate, not to mention conversations about who owns what part of an individual's personal information and creative postings. Scholars have noted how the internet provides alternatives to the modern state (Kelty 2008), and indeed the Internet has created new forms of censorship (Mazzarella 2013) and criminality (Williams 2006; Nordstrom and Carlson 2014). However, popular circulation of images or copies continues to influence the understanding and indeed the value of even very tangible creative products, as the story of Wallace with which I opened this essay shows. The three books reviewed here indicate some possibilities for further conversations that might directly connect IP with digital circulation and its modes. We might study drink recipes shared on corporate websites and the uses people make of them, or the use of social media platforms to coordinate a global anarchist movement. Particularly in our current political moment of fake news, government-sponsored trolls, and techno-anarchists, a discussion about subverting IP law must consider how it is not just law but also technology that will shape our future ideas about authenticity and ownership alike.
Coombe, Rosemary J. 1998. The cultural life of intellectual properties: Authorship, appropriation, and the law. Durham: Duke University Press
Dent, Alexander S. 2016. "Intellectual Property, Piracy, and Counterfeiting." Annual Review of Anthropology 45: 17-31.
Dery, Mark. 1993. Culture jamming: Hacking, slashing, and sniping in the empire of signs. Vol. 25. Westfield, NJ: Open Media.
Eco, Umberto. 1986. Semiotics and the Philosophy of Language. Vol. 398. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
Goldstein, Daniel M. 2010. "Toward a critical anthropology of security." Current anthropology 51(4): 487-517.
Harold, Christine. 2007. OurSpace: Resisting the corporate control of culture. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
Horkheimer, Max, and Theodor W. Adorno. 2000[1944]. "The culture industry: Enlightenment as mass deception." In Dialectic of Enlightenment, John Cumming, trans., pp. 120-167. New York: Continuum.
Lessig, Lawrence. 2004. Free Culture: The Nature and Future of Creativity. New York: Penguin Books.
Mazzarella, William. 2013. Censorium: Cinema and the open edge of mass publicity. Duke University Press.
McLeod, Kembrew. 2007. Freedom of expression®: Resistance and repression in the age of intellectual property. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
Kelty, Christopher. 2008. Two bits: The Cultural Significance of Free Software. Durham: Duke University Press.
Posey, Darrell. 1990. "Intellectual property rights: and just compensation for indigenous knowledge." Anthropology Today 6(4): 13-16.
Roitman, Janet. 2005. Fiscal disobedience: An anthropology of economic regulation in Central Africa. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Williams, Matthew. 2006. Virtually criminal: Crime, deviance and regulation online. New York: Routledge.
Tagged: creativity intellectual property publics
About Leo Coleman
Leo Coleman is Associate Professor of Anthropology at Hunter College, City University of New York, and the book review editor for the Political and Legal Anthropology Review. He is the author of A Moral Technology: Electrification as Political Ritual in New Delhi (Cornell UP, 2017), and has written about infrastructure, modernist anthropology, urban politics, and architecture in journals including American Ethnologist, Anthropological Quarterly, and Comparative Studies in Society and History. leocoleman.org.	View all posts by Leo Coleman →


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Q: JLabel-Array create on Button push I want to create a JLabel of an Array on a button push. I've never done something with Arrays, so maybe it's some sort of training. I tried it, but it won't work. Expected result: Everytime I push the button, would one of the 20 JLabels be created.
Here's my class:
public class JLabelArray {

static JFrame frame;

static JButton button;

public static void main(String[] args) {

    final JLabel[] label = new JLabel[20];

    //
    button = new JButton("push me");
    button.setBounds(0, 0, 100, 30);
    button.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
            // This is where a new JLabel should be created
            for (int i = 0; i < label.length; i++) {
                label[i] = new JLabel("Label" + i);
                label[i].setBounds(button.getX(), button.getY()+ 10 + i * 15, 50, 50);
                frame.add(label[i]);
                frame.revalidate();
                frame.repaint();
            }
        }
    });
    //

    frame = new JFrame();
    frame.setSize(500, 500);
    frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    frame.setLayout(null);
    frame.setVisible(true);
    frame.add(button);

}

}

EDIT: Updated code
EDIT2: Updated for-loop
EDIT3: I reworked the whole question

A: You should re-validate/repaint when you add Components after the parent container has been validated - this includes not only when you add the JButton (add this prior to setting the JFrame to visible) but also when you add the JLabels
            frame.add(label[i]);
            frame.revalidate();
            frame.repaint();

I would also recommend not using a null layout, rather choose the appropriate LayoutManager: see https://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/uiswing/layout/visual.html . If you wish to continue using a null layout, then you should set the added Labels to different positions or they will just overlap each other.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Coinbase reported to consider late 2020, early 2021 public debut – TechCrunch
By Cleo Ames on July 9, 2020
Coinbase is the latest mega-startup that may approach the public markets. The digital currency exchange company could follow Palantir, which is also nearing its IPO, after the secretive data-focused unicorn announced that it had filed privately.
Earlier today Reuters reported that Coinbase, a popular American-based cryptocurrency trading platform, could pursue a public debut later this year, or early next year. Plans remain fluid, according to the report, which went on to say that the crypto-focused fintech company "has been in talks to hire investment banks and law firms."
Coinbase declined to comment, telling TechCrunch in an email that it cannot "comment on rumors or speculation."
Even more, Reuters reported that Coinbase may pursue a direct listing for its shares, instead of a more traditional initial public offering. A direct listing allows a company to begin to trade publicly without formally pricing its equity through a bloc sale as happens in initial public offerings. Direct listings have become more popular as a concept in recent years as private companies became less dependent on IPOs as a fundraising mechanism, and some of Silicon Valley's elite became disenchanted with what they consider to be regular underpricing of IPOs, forcing companies going public to leave tens, or hundreds of millions of dollars on the table.
Coinbase is perhaps archetypal for the sort of company that might consider a direct listing. It's wealthy, having raised north of $500 million during its life as a private company, and highly valued. Coinbase's most recent private financing of $300 million valued it at $8.0 billion, according to Crunchbase data. A high valuation and the possibility of ample cash reserves are what previous direct listings Slack, and Spotify had as well.
Most companies still tack towards the public markets through IPOs, as we've see in recent weeks with the traditional debuts of Accolade, Vroom, and others. Yesterday TechCrunch covered initial price ranges for two more IPOs, GoHealth and nCino, each of which have eschewed the direct listing model in favor of raising funds during their exit from the private markets.
How big Coinbase is today is not clear. The company's financial history is occluded — common with private companies — and a bit uneven. Media reports have pegged its 2017 revenue at around $1 billion, boosted by that year's crypto-mania. Precisely how Coinbase performed in 2018 is less clear, though other media reports paint the picture of a smaller company.
Regardless of whether Coinbase direct lists or takes on a traditional IPO, we'll get to see its S-1 filing. That document will provide good insight into the company's historical financial performance, allowing us to see how Coinbase fared during various crypto-booms and busts.
With public markets at all-time highs and valuations for tech stocks far above historical norms, it's not surprising that some highly-valued unicorns are gearing up for a run on the public markets. Let's see how many pull it off.


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REVIEW: EscapePod
February 7, 2014 Tim Hurley	9 Comments
You should know by now. Always rushing around, whoring yourself out to the highest bidder just to get a meal or pay off perpetually-increasing debts, Life is a rat race. Or, to put it another way, a mad dash to a limited number of exit ramps, just to be one of the lucky few to live (and complain) another day. Though it doesn't actually use this depressing view of human existence for its background noise, EscapePod ($1.00) is basically the digital equivalent of the idea in the purest form…
…as no matter the stage number or the pieces placed on the 'board', the objective remains steadfastly the same; get to the lone escape pod before the smiling alien does, in the (preferably) fewest amount of steps as possible. Think of it like Spaceballs' escape sequence (minus the man in the bear suit) on repeat. The tiles in each level represent a potential path, and each path is one move in a grander game of chess.
Don't let that simple requirement or the banal graphics lure you into a false sense of superiority, though. EscapePod may not be much (or, really, anything) to look at, but underneath its lackluster surface is some truly cunning, deceptive puzzle design that rivals the best on the service, in terms of making you appear stupid. Follow this free advice— The shortest and / or most obvious route is not always the right route, and watch as its complexity spirals outwards from there.
While the first set of levels keep it relatively simple, asking to you to occasionally race towards a key or a spike-swapping switch to throw your alien pal off his own route, later worlds introduce new considerations, such as one-move escalators, running lava, eventually-exploding fire barrels, etc., each with their own unique properties and pitfalls. All of this needs to navigated with you on a running timer, naturally, but the game has unlimited sympathy for your inevitable mistakes, allowing you to retry (or skip) the more frustrating sequences.
With 120+ reasons to prove yourself unstupid, the game has plenty of intelligent puzzles on tap, or there's a level editor to try your own hand at designing. If you can forgive the trite visuals (its overly-affective doting on the color yellow is disturbing) and barely-there audio, EscapePod is one smart cookie.
$1.00And it was all yellowEscapePodLittleGreenBob (Developer)Spaceballs!video gamesXBLIGXboxXbox 360Xbox Live Indie GamesXNA
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9 thoughts on "REVIEW: EscapePod"
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You know kid, I love puzzle games, always will. One of my favorite game of all time is Alundra, an old RPG with plenty of HARD puzzles, never beat it though. I'm currently trying to beat Gateways with no success, and I have been trying to beat La-Mulana for like 2 years now, so I also like to feel stupid. I would have ignore the game if it was not for this review, the next time I pick some points I will pick this one, along with the Wolf Among Us Season Pass. I miss the old days when the games has hard puzzles (Alundra, Abe Oddysey). Today games are very easy, so, the only hard puzzles only comes in puzzles games, with the exception of some indies like Gateways and La-Mulana, and those point n click games on PC. Although I heard some things about Catherine, I might check that one out.
Never played Alundra, hmm. I was aware of it, and that it was an RPG, but didn't know that it had a focus on puzzles. Interesting. Guess you learn something new every day.
Gateways it's a certifiable brain-destroyer, especially the very last puzzle. Which I never even attempted, after hearing how ridiculous it was. 🙂 Catherine is a solid puzzle game, or block-climber, if you will. I loved it for being Atlus, and for enjoying the story. The actual gameplay? The block-climbing? Not so much. I'm cranky in my old(er) age! I don't want to stretch my brain unnaturally, trying to decipher codes and change paths on the fly. I stuck with it purely for the storyline and Atlus' name on the box. With any luck, they'll keep a similar style of art / storytelling for Persona 5.
EscapePod 'seems' like a nice in-between, running from the somewhat simple to the more 'A-ha, so that's it!' type of puzzles. I didn't make it to the end, so I have no idea if it takes a sudden turn for the truly hard. It's a fun game, though, from what I've seen so far.
Gentleman Squid - Fabian says:
I play tested this game when it was in the peer review process. It has a lot of charm to it! Glad to see giving it a whirl 🙂
It's a charm that grows on you over time, so a lot of people may miss it entirely due to the graphic style or the idea of a puzzler. Hopefully the review makes some curious enough to take a look. 🙂
ImTheMetalLord says:
I passed on this originally due to the visuals but after reading your review I'm going to give it a go.
I bought it. Thanks for the review otherwise I wouldn't have ever known how clever of a game it is.
Most excellent! It's far from perfection, but the game is even more proof that you should never judge a book by its cover.
I sort of did the same at first. I trialed it, thought it was a one-trick pony, and left it at that. The developer contacted me last week, and, given the incredible barrenness of the new release list, I agreed to take a second look. Then I proceeded to eat my words, 🙂 as the puzzles definitely make up for the visuals and limited sound.
Did you get my message on FB…if not please go there and read it. I have a major concern and am happy you are in contact with the developer.
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text:
<?php
namespace app\models;
use ultraphp\core\Model;
use ultraphp\core\Session;
use DateTime;

class UserLogin extends Model{
    const TABLE_NAME = "user_logins";

    public static function login($user){
        self::insert([
            "user_id" => $user->id,
            "login_at" => date('Y-m-d H:i:s',(new DateTime())->getTimestamp()),
            "ip" => Session::get("USER_IP"),
            "user_agent" => Session::get("USER_AGENT"),
        ]);
    }

    public static function logout($userid){
        $userLogin = self::where("user_id",$userid)
                ->where('ip',  Session::get(Session::USER_IP))
                ->where('user_agent', Session::get(Session::USER_AGENT))
                ->orderBy("id", "DESC")
                ->first();
        if($userLogin){
            $userLogin->logout_at = date('Y-m-d H:i:s',(new DateTime())->getTimestamp());
            $userLogin->save();
        }
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Before Ruled A Suicide, Cop's Death Used To Target Black Lives Matter
Before officials on Wednesday said that Fox Lake Lt. Charles Joseph Gliniewicz died of suicide, the Illinois police officer's death spurred commentators and Illinois residents to rally against Black Lives Matter, placing blame on the group's rhetoric for the deaths of police officers.
Police groups quickly compared Gliniewicz's death to the shooting death of Texas sheriff's deputy Darren Goforth and charged that police officers were under attack.
"There's a hostile element within the community at large," Jim Pasco, executive director of the national Fraternal Order of Police, told the Washington Post after Gliniewicz's death in September. "There's in many incidences a lack of support on the part of elected officials and police management. And there's this ubiquitous social-media effort to discredit all police officers because of the extraordinarily rare misconduct by a very few."
Ron Hosko, president of the Law Enforcement Legal Defense Fund, penned an op-ed in USA Today railing against the Black Lives Matter movement's "dangerous" rhetoric in the wake of the deaths of Gliniewicz and Goforth.
"Despite the current lack of hard data and empirical evidence in both the murder of deputy Goforth and the broader spike in violent crimes across the country, concluding that both stem from the anti-cop themes from such protesters, liberal politicians and the mainstream media is hardly counterintuitive," he wrote. "That movement, while having the opportunity to propound much needed, responsible themes on police reform, has too often drifted into the rhetoric of ignorance and hate."
Members of the Fox Lake community mourned Gliniewicz's death with signs showing support for police officers that read "Police Lives Matter" and "We Stand with Blue," NBC Chicago reported.
"Out here today to show that police lives matter, every life matters," Fox Lake resident Gina Maria told NBC. "I think it's time we rally around our law enforcement and stop the madness."


text:
Sound And Vision: Should They Stay Or Should They Go? The Overexposure of Pop's Biggest Stars
published by jeremyhelligar on January 28th 2011 in Pop
Last year, Avril Lavigne posted an online message to her fans explaining the lengthy break between her last album, 2007's The Best Damn Thing, and her upcoming Goodbye Lullabye (due March 8 on RCA Records): "The thing with me, is that i write my own music and therefore, it takes me longer to put out records cause i have to live my life to get inspiration." If only more of today's pop stars were so dedicated to life offstage.
In the early '90s, Prince and Warner Bros. Records famously tussled when the label refused to release new music by him every hour on the hour. Warner Bros. had a point: How can we miss you if you refuse to go away? For more than a decade, Prince had released more or less one album a year, making them increasingly less special events and eventually suffering drastically diminished returns.
Too bad more labels today aren't standing the same ground as Warner Bros did. In the '60s, it wasn't uncommon for artists like the Beatles to release several albums a year, but that was before the Internet, the tabloid media and a billion TV channels joined radio and retail in keeping stars in our faces 24/7. If today's myriad publicity forums aren't constant enough reminders of your favorite artists (catch them on the big screen, YouTube, Twitter, American Idol, Dancing with the Stars, their own reality shows, presenting at the Golden Globes!), there's always a constant stream of new music.
Kanye West just released My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy on November 22, and already he's got a new single with Jay-Z, "H.A.M.," from their upcoming collaboration album, Watch the Throne, in circulation. That's in case you're already over Fantasy, and his daily tweets leave you wanting yet more Kanye! Usher let only five months pass between his Raymond v. Raymond album and his Versus EP. Both spawned hit singles, but Versus, which sold only 46,000 copies in its debut week, probably would have benefited commercially from a six-month delay.
The Black Eyed Peas didn't give their five Top 10 singles from 2009's The E.N.D. a chance to fade out of our consciousness before bombarding us with a new album, The Beginning, last November. The first single, "The Time (Dirty Bit)," is a Top 10 hit but hardly on par with The E.N.D.'s introductory singles, "Boom Boom Pow" and "I Gotta Feeling," which spent a total of 26 consecutive weeks at No. 1. Nor has the album, which moved a non-whopping 119,000 copies its first week out (nearly 200,000 less than The E.N.D.), been a huge seller.
Susan Boyle fared better commercially with her two albums, I Dreamed a Dream and The Gift, released during the holiday seasons of 2009 and 2010, respectively, but after her initial wave of fame, she's become less of a media hog. Now that she's already on to working on album No. 3, though, the big question is how much of her soporific easy-listening pop do fans need before they doze off on her completely?
At the other end of the noise spectrum, Ke$ha began 2010 with her debut album, Animal, and ended it with an EP, Cannibal. Her sound-alike singles all have been hits, but her buzz has yet to reflect the success of the singles"Put her on a red carpet with Gaga, Justin Bieber and Adam Lambert, and who is most likely to be overlooked?" suggesting that either fans are connecting more with the songs than the artist singing (croaking?) them, or that a little Ke$ha goes a long way. Rihanna, pop's most prolific woman who has released an album a year (including 2008's expanded repackaging of Good Girl Gone Bad) since her 2005 debut, hasn't had any trouble establishing a diehard fan base, but despite her incredible run of hit singles, she's yet to land a No. 1 album or one that has sold more than double-platinum in the US. Perhaps if she'd let her absence make the hearts of fans grow a little fonder…
A greatest-hits compilation aside, at least Britney Spears had the good sense to give us more than two years between 2008's Circus and her March album. Surely the color-by-numbers first single, "Hold It Against Me," wouldn't be such an immediate smash had she been a 2010 regular on Billboard's Hot 100. "Telephone" duet partners Lady Gaga and Beyoncé, both formerly overexposed and both with new albums due in 2011, also should benefit greatly from giving their fans a breather.
Hopefully, Bruno Mars, Drake and Nicki Minaj, all of whom spent most of 2010 on the Hot 100, either on their own hits or moonlighting on someone else's, are paying attention. Katy Perry, who's been on the radio and in the media non-stop since last summer, could use a break too"and after three No. 1 singles from her latest album, so can I. Wake me when her teenage dream is finally over.


For the last 30 years, the Chinese government has engaged in the restructuring of the Chinese economic and administrative system. As part of this process, it has worked on the recreation of the judicial and legal systems in China. As Chinese companies expand their operations into the rest of world, and China increases its integration into the world economy, it can be expected that the application of Chinese law outside China, either through extraterritorial legislation (as in the case of the new Antimonopoly Law) or through choice of Chinese law as the governing law in contractual relationships, will become much more common. In these circumstances, it is important to increase our understanding of the Chinese legal system and the content and application of Chinese law. This lecture will provide an overview of aspects of Chinese law and will focus on the extraterritorial application of Chinese law, the approach of Chinese law towards contractual relationships and issues relating to Chinese corporations and structures.
"The Globalisation of Chinese Law"


text:
Illinois: heart of Alberta's economy
Albertans know the importance of being a global trader — and these days, the chatter is about new and burgeoning global markets. China is the hottest market in the world! We've got a free trade deal with Mexico, don't we? What about Canada's talks to expand exports to Europe? And don't forget the nearly 200 million Brazilians!
Todd Hirsch
May. 15, 2012 10:00 p.m.
Albertans know the importance of being a global trader — and these days, the chatter is about new and burgeoning global markets.
China is the hottest market in the world! We've got a free trade deal with Mexico, don't we? What about Canada's talks to expand exports to Europe? And don't forget the nearly 200 million Brazilians!
For all of this excited talk about global markets, the reality for Alberta is one country: the United States. And of everything that goes south of the 49th parallel, one single state accounts for a significant portion: Illinois.
Illinois?
On the surface, Albertans pay little attention to the state of Illinois. They may think of Chicago's impressive skyline or of it being Barack Obama's political base. They may think of corn fields (the largest agricultural crop in the state) or the Oprah Winfrey Show. But it's most likely, that when Chicago comes to mind, Albertan's thoughts turn to the Blackhawks.
Despite Albertans not thinking a lot about Illinois, over 20 per cent of everything we've sold abroad over the past decade has gone to this one state. It is by far the No. 1 U.S. state for Alberta exporters, who sold more than $23 billion there last year alone. (Incidentally, the state to which Alberta sells the least is Hawaii with a mere $2.7 million in sales of grain.)
The reason for Illinois' lofty status is, of course, that Chicago (and surrounding area) is home to vast numbers of oil refineries and natural gas collection hubs. This highlights our trade dependence on not only one country, but one industry.
There's nothing specifically wrong with a trade concentration in energy products. The most nicely diversified provincial economy with the least dependence on one export market is Manitoba.
I'm unaware of any Albertan who would say "Yah … if we could just get our economy to be more like Manitoba's, we'd be in better shape."
Still, a lack of trade diversity poses challenges — the most famous being Alberta's famous boom and bust economy. Diversification of the economy and our trading partners is something that has bedevilled countless governments and economic development offices in this province. And hence the push to expand the province's trading partners.
The new opportunities for exporters are clearly in Asia, especially China. Of the non-U.S. export markets, China has risen to the No. 2 spot, having surpassed Japan nearly a decade ago and leaving Mexico (with which Canada has a free-trade agreement) in the dust. That isn't a surprise given China's stunning economic ascension as a global superpower and trading giant.
This is one reason why the Enbridge Northern Gateway pipeline from Edmonton to the West Coast is seen as such a priority.
But the pipeline will be a long time in the making. Even setting aside the significant environmental opposition and land right-of-way challenges, the pipeline will take years to build.
Not a drop of oil is likely to flow through it this decade.
Other international markets such as India, Brazil and Indonesia hold potential as well. The challenge for Canadian businesses is that we've fallen behind other competing countries like Australia in terms of building trade relationships.
It takes years to establish those linkages and learning a new and different business culture isn't easy.
In many ways, Canada has had it too good for too long. Doing business in the U.S. has been easy since we share a similar culture, language, legal system and even time zones. Denver looks shockingly like Calgary and Chicago is just a bigger, windier Toronto. But step off a plane in Mumbai or Shanghai and the world is a much different place.
Illinois may be Alberta's single largest market — and energy the single largest export commodity. That has served us well and will continue to pay a lot of our bills in the future.
Yet it's a big world out there brimming with opportunities. Efforts to expand our trade connections with the rest of the world need to be redoubled or Alberta will find itself missing out on lucrative markets.
Troy Media business columnist Todd Hirsch is senior economist with ATB Financial.
We're tired of being disrespected
Put safety before profit


text:
After Gruesome Football Injury, Phillipsburg Athlete and Cadet Thankful for Extraordinary Recovery with St. Luke's
Jack Donnelley turns 21 on Thanksgiving Day, and the former Phillipsburg High School football player still has fond memories of his senior year in the annual Thanksgiving Day rivalry with Easton, which will be played for the 111th time this Thanksgiving.
The Stateliners won that game 19-15, and Jack, a fullback and defensive end, played a big role. However, he may not have had the chance to play. The Phillipsburg football player returned from a devastating injury he sustained during his junior season, making him one of St. Luke's Extraordinary Athletes.
"It was Oct. 18, 2013. I remember that date very well," Jack says. He was playing fullback, making a kick-out block on a defensive end, and another player fell onto Jack's leg, breaking the tibia and fibula with a spiral fracture.
"I heard a crack and felt immediate pain and I knew it was definitely a pretty gnarly injury," he said. "Dr. Avallone met me on the field. It felt like hours because of the pain, but he was there immediately." Dr. Nicholas Avallone, an orthopedic surgeon with St. Luke's Orthopedic Care at the Warren Campus is the Phillipsburg team physician.
Nicholas J Avallone, MD
"Jack had a very devastating injury, and it was Homecoming," Dr. Avallone remembers. "I knew from the get-go he had a pretty significant tibia fracture. We got him to St. Luke's Warren Campus. We admitted him and scheduled him for surgery earlier than usual the next morning to fix his fracture."
While placing a rod into the tibia went relatively routine, Dr. Avallone noticed an unusual amount of swelling and took pressure measurements, recognizing "acute compartment syndrome," with all four compartments of the lower leg swelling with blood and fluids, a condition that can cause permanent nerve and muscle damage.
Dr. Avallone performed a fasciotomy, where the muscle fascia is cut to relieve pressure in order to save the leg.
"I remember them telling my parents that it would be like a 90-minute surgery," Jack says. "My parents were freaking out as the hours were ticking by. A nurse came out with good news; that they thought they could save my leg."
Jack's leg was saved, and he spent the next week in the Intensive Care Unit undergoing several plastic surgery-type procedures to close the fasciotomy, which remains open for a period to allow the swelling to go down.
Jack was wheelchair bound for the next month, when he saw his Phillipsburg team lose to a close game to Easton.
"I just wanted to get back to being a competitive athlete," Jack says. "I qualified for states in javelin in my sophomore year. I didn't want to be in a wheelchair. I wanted to be my normal self, not the hurt kid."
What Jack did next was extraordinary, with the help of St. Luke's physical therapist Andrew Fischer. Jack worked so hard that he made it back for his junior track season, gaining the confidence to place second at sectionals and qualify for states.
"Jack was so diligent about his therapy, completely driven," Fischer says. "He wanted to get better and back to his game. We encourage patients to do their exercises at home, and Jack did just that. His drive is a big part of why he had such a successful outcome."
And then came the big decision over the summer: to try football or not. After conversations with his coach, he went out and regained his starting spots, helping to lead the team to its first victory over Easton in his four years as a varsity player, and then on to the NJISAA Group 2 Section 4 title.
"What really got me through all this was the support of my family, my friends, my coaches and teammates, as well as everyone at St. Luke's. It was a lot of hard work, but I could not be more grateful because without them, I would not be where I am today."
Today, Jack is a student at the College of New Jersey in Ewing where he is a history major and part of the Princeton Army ROTC Army Education Program. He expects to graduate in May 2019 as a second lieutenant in the Army National Guard and pursue a career in law enforcement.
Sam Kennedy, Corporate Communications Director, 484-526-4134, samuel.kennedy@sluhn.org
Founded in 1872, St. Luke's University Health Network (SLUHN) is a fully integrated, regional, non-profit network providing services at seven hospitals and more than 270 outpatient sites in the greater Lehigh Valley. The network's service area includes 10 counties: Lehigh, Northampton, Carbon, Schuylkill, Bucks, Montgomery, Berks and Monroe counties in Pennsylvania and Warren and Hunterdon counties in New Jersey. In partnership with Temple University, St. Luke's created the region's first and only regional medical school campus. Dedicated to advancing health education, St. Luke's operates the nation's oldest School of Nursing and 23 graduate medical educational programs and is considered a major teaching hospital – the only one in its region. Repeatedly, including 2017, St. Luke's earned Truven's 100 Top Major Teaching Hospital and 50 Top Cardiovascular Program designations, in addition to other honors for clinical excellence. St. Luke's is a multi-year recipient of the Most Wired award recognizing the breadth of St. Luke's information technology applications such as electronic medical records, telehealth, online scheduling and pricing information. St. Luke's is also recognized as one of the state's lowest cost providers.


Peter graduated in 1974 gaining initial experience at the Queen Elizabeth Hospital and then in Mr Geoffrey Maitland's practice, the founder of the Maitland approach. Peter began his private practice in 1978 at Holden Hill. Roberts Physiotherapy grew rapidly and Peter was the instigator of the formation of the Paragon Health Centre as it stands today. Teaching has been a major commitment for Peter and he has been teaching continuously on the undergraduate and postgraduate programs at the School of Physiotherapy since 1980.
In 1998, Peter was awarded the qualification of titled Sports Physiotherapist. In 2002, Peter completed the Masters in Applied Science in Physiotherapy (by research thesis titled "Single Leg Stance"). More recently in 2007, he completed the requirements of a specialist musculoskeletal physiotherapist (as awarded by the Australian College of Physiotherapists).
Currently, Peter is a visiting lecturer and clinical tutor on the Masters in Sports and Musculoskeletal Physiotherapy program at the University of South Australia. Peter is frequently invited to lecture and tutor on training programs for Physiotherapists. He has been involved in the Spinal Course conducted by Musculoskeletal Physiotherapy Australia (a national group of the Australian Physiotherapy Association). As only one of two consulting Musculoskeletal Specialist Physiotherapists in South Australia, Peter is actively involved in the tutoring and mentoring of other Physiotherapists seeking to gain this qualification. A passionate meticulous approach to solving musculoskeletal problems with excellent results has resulted in Peter being highly sought after by Specialists, Medical Practitioners and clients.
Personal Interests: Family, squash, fishing.
Jack Graduated from UQ in 2012 and immediately took up a split private and public role in the Southern NSW coastal town of Merimbula. Here Jack developed a passion for musculoskeletal physiotherapy with a particular interest in persistent pain conditions. Jack has done ongoing training in this area and was part of developing a successful pain program in the Bega Valley.
Over the last 2 years Jack has been applying his trade in sunny England, where has developed further knowledge in treating a wide array of musculoskeletal problems. He also developed in interesting in running and was lucky enough to complete several marathons while overseas. Jack has recently settled in Adelaide after spending the last 4 months living in the back of his van around Europe.
As an advocate of physical activity he likes to apply an active approach to treating his patients and specialises in developing strength and exercise programs to promote long term change.
Emily has a particular interest in active-based physiotherapy and helping people achieve their personal goals.
Emily was a long term student representative of the Australian Physiotherapy Association (APA) for South Australia. She has experience in hydrotherapy and rehabilitation after working in a rehabilitation hospital for 2 years. She also seeks to give back to the Physiotherapy community and volunteers her time for multiple events, most recently at a training camp for The Invictous Games aspiring athletes.
Emily's passion for travel has taken her to many parts of the globe, and she has lived in many different countries and cultures, enjoying the food, adventure and new friends!


text:
/BuyWine/Item/Auction/127790/2005-Domaine-de-la-Janasse-Chateauneuf-du-Pape-Cuv~
Auction ends in 5 days, 20 minutes (Sunday, 7pm Pacific)
2005 Domaine de la Janasse Chateauneuf du Pape Cuvee Chaupin
RP 94-96
VN 92-95
https://www.winebid.com/BuyWine/Item/Auction/127790/2005-Domaine-de-la-Janasse-Chateauneuf-du-Pape-Cuv~
January 29, 2023 - $61
Label condition issue
2-bottle Lot
Expected Arrival:
96Wine Spectator
...gushes with boysenberry reduction, linzer torte and loganberry flavors allied to a rich, creamy mouthfeel. But there's also plenty of grip, with underlying notes of mocha, mineral, sweet toast and incense that add volume and definition..
94-96Robert M. Parker Jr.
Tasting like the essence of kirsch liqueur intermixed with licorice, flowers, and sandy Mediterranean breeze elements, the wine has phenomenal intensity, huge body, and richness...
92-95Vinous / IWC
Intense blueberry, boysenberry and candied licorice on the nose, with heady accents of incense. Lush and velvety in the mouth, with liqueur-like dark berry and cherry flavors, molten tannins and a rich, chewy texture.
France, Rhône Valley, Southern Rhône, Châteauneuf-du-Pape
Châteauneuf-du-Pape, the appellation, is a large area of nearly 8,000 vineyard acres centered around the picturesque town of Chateauneuf-du-Pape. Located in southeastern France just north of the Avignon hills, the name of the appellation means "new castle of the pope" and it is a reference to the 14th century, when the Popes of Avignon built summer homes in the Southern Rhone Valley. Today the appellation is one of the most renowned in France and its terroir is known for layers of small pebbles, called "galets." The stones in the soil are thought to help store heat and keep the soil warm, which helps ripen the grapes. The stones also help keep the soil from drying out in hot summer months. In 1923 Châteauneuf-du-Pape was a leader in establishing the idea that AOC wines in France should be made only with specified grapes, and the appellation allowed 13 grape varieties to be used. Since then the rules have been slightly modified to include several more allowable grapes. Red and white wines are produced, though in practice about 97% of all Châteauneuf –du-Papes are reds made with a blend of Grenache Noir, Cinsault, Counoise, Mourvedre, Muscardine, Syrah and Vaccarese. The red wines of this appellation are prized for being big, rich, spicy and full-bodied. White wines of the appellation are made with Grenache Blanc, Clairette, Bourboulenc, Roussanne, Picpoul and Picardin. Whites are floral, fruity and relatively full-bodied.
Red Wine, Proprietary Red
Domaine de la Janasse Chateauneuf du Pape Cuvee Chaupin
Domaine de la Janasse