A method and apparatus for cleaning objects in an automatic cleaning appliance is provided that includes the steps of introducing a load of objects into a wash zone of the automatic cleaning appliance, applying a wash liquor and at least one of electromagnetic, chemical and mechanical energy to the load of objects in the wash zone to remove soil from the load of objects, and subsequently applying an oxidizing agent to the load of objects through the medium of a fluid applied to the load of objects. The oxidizing agent may be generated in association with the automatic cleaning appliance.
This application is a divisional of U.S. application Ser. No. 10/823,228 filed on Apr. 13, 2004, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.
Cleaning a soiled load of objects in automatic cleaning appliances generally involves the use of chemical energy (such as detergent), mechanical energy (such as through agitation of the object load in a wash liquor or the manner of dispensing the wash liquor against the object load, such as spraying) and/or thermal energy (such as through an elevated temperature of the wash liquor). Different combinations of these energy inputs provide various levels of soil removal from the load. Depending on the type of objects in the load, there may be attendant damage, such as when the load comprises fabric, resulting in the generation of lint or the fading of various colors of the fabric, etc. Other types of objects could be subject to chemical etching or other types of damage.
Numerous types of chemical wash additives are known, such as detergents which include surfactants and emulsifiers, as well as enzymes, all used to dissolve, loosen and/or remove various soils and stains. Additional chemical additives in the form of bleaches, such as chlorine-based bleaches have been used to effect soil removal, particularly on white fabrics, since such bleaches are effective to remove colors from fabrics as well. With a fashion trend changing from white fabric to vibrant colors, the use of chlorine-based bleaches has become problematic.
There has been a development of color-safe bleaches, such as oxygen-based bleaches, also referred to as oxidizing agents. One such oxygen bleach that has been receiving consideration is hydrogen peroxide. One of the potential drawbacks associated with oxygen bleaches is that they have an adverse effect on some of the components found within many detergent formulations. For example, the hydrogen peroxide can deactivate enzymes, thus decreasing the washing performance of automatic cleaning appliances.
The application of additives to the wash liquor places a thermal burden on the wash liquor, in those situations where the wash liquor is heated above ambient temperature to provide thermal energy to the soil removal process. Typically the additives are maintained at ambient temperature, so additional energy is required to elevate the additives to the temperature of the wash liquor, or else the temperature of the wash liquor is detrimentally lowered upon the addition of the additives.
It would be an improvement in the art if a process were provided for utilizing an oxidizing agent in an automatic cleaning appliance that did not detract from the effectiveness of the chemistry of the wash liquor and which did not pose a thermal load on the wash liquor while the wash liquor is being applied to the objects in the elevated temperature enhanced wash process.
A method and apparatus for cleaning a soiled load of objects in an automatic cleaning appliance is provided which overcomes the problems noted above and permits the use of an oxidizing agent in an automatic cleaning appliance so that it does not detract from the effectiveness of the chemistry of the wash liquor and which does not pose a thermal load on the wash liquor while the wash liquor is being applied to the objects in an elevated temperature enhanced wash process.
In an embodiment of the invention, the method includes introducing a load of objects into a wash zone of the automatic cleaning appliance, applying a wash liquor and at least one of electromagnetic, chemical and mechanical energy to the load of objects in the wash zone to remove soil from the load of objects, and subsequently applying an oxidizing agent to the load of objects, through the medium of a fluid applied to the load of objects. By not applying the oxidizing agent simultaneously with the introduction of the wash liquor and energy to the object load, the problems described above are avoided.
In an embodiment of the invention wherein the wash liquor comprises a water based solution and there are enzymes in the solution, the oxidizing agent may be applied to the load of objects after a delay of a predetermined time following the application of the enzymes to the load of objects sufficient to allow the enzymes to work properly on the load of objects.
In an embodiment of the invention wherein thermal energy is applied to the load of objects by means of a heater being activated for a period of time to heat the wash liquor, the oxidizing agent may be applied to the load of objects after the heater is deactivated in order to avoid posing a thermal load while the heat from the heater is being used to enhance the wash process.
The method of the present invention may be practiced in an automatic cleaning appliance wherein the wash zone is arranged to rotate about a vertical axis or where the wash liquor is dispensed from a rotating spray arm. In such a machine, the oxidizing agent may be introduced to the wash zone in a lower region of the wash zone in order to assure a proper mixing of the oxidizing agent with the wash liquor before it is introduced to the object load. An additional embodiment includes adding the oxidizing agent to the top of the wash bath after a majority of the working fluid has entered the bath. Optionally, the oxidizing agent may be introduced via a recirculation pump that takes fluid from the sump and re-introduces the flow into the top of the tub. Finally, the oxidizing agent may be added simultaneously to the lower region of the wash zone as well as the top half of the wash zone through a flow splitter or diverter valve. This option provides the aforementioned mixing advantage as well as providing direct contact of the oxidizing agent to the soiled objects.
The method of the present invention may also be practiced in an automatic cleaning appliance wherein the wash zone is arranged to rotate about a horizontal axis or, again, where the wash liquor is dispensed from a rotating spray arm. In such a machine, the oxidizing agent may be introduced into a sump where the wash liquor collects, and from where the wash liquor is pumped into the wash zone.
In an embodiment of the present invention, including an initial wash cycle during which at least one of electromagnetic, chemical and mechanical energy is applied to the load of objects, the oxidizing agent may be applied to the load of objects no sooner than approximately midway through the initial wash cycle.
In an embodiment of the present invention, wherein a first water based rinse cycle occurs after the application of at least one of electromagnetic, chemical and mechanical energy, the oxidizing agent may be applied to the load of objects during the first rinse cycle.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the oxidizing agent comprises hydrogen peroxide. In such an embodiment, the hydrogen peroxide may be provided in the fluid medium at a concentration in the range of 10 to 10000 parts per million, more preferably less than 2500 parts per million, and most preferably, less than 1000 parts per million.
In an embodiment of the present invention utilizing hydrogen peroxide, the hydrogen peroxide may be generated in the automatic cleaning appliance. Additional activation routes include introducing the oxidizing agent in a high pH environment (greater than 8) or activating through an electromagnetic source like ultraviolet or visible light with the addition of a catalyst.
In an embodiment of the present invention utilizing hydrogen peroxide, the hydrogen peroxide may be activated in the automatic cleaning appliance through contact with chemically modified surfaces to form hydroxyl radicals.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the automatic cleaning appliance may be provided with a water supply line for providing water to be used in the wash liquor and the hydrogen peroxide is generated in the automatic cleaning appliance through electrolysis of water introduced through the water supply line.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a method of cleaning objects in an automatic cleaning appliance is provided including the steps of introducing a load of objects into a wash zone of the automatic cleaning appliance, electrochemically decomposing a chemical composition into resultants via an electrochemical cell device arranged in the automatic cleaning appliance, applying a wash liquor and at least one of electromagnetic, chemical and mechanical energy to the load of objects in the wash zone to remove soil from the load of objects, and subsequently applying at least one of the resultants to the load of objects, through the medium of a fluid applied to the load of objects.
The present invention also contemplates an automatic cleaning appliance in which the invention can be realized.
In one embodiment, such an automatic cleaning appliance could include a wash chamber defining a wash zone for accepting a load of objects, a dispenser for applying wash liquor to the wash chamber, a sump for collecting wash liquor that has been applied to the wash chamber, and a chemical generating device for generating an oxidizing agent in the wash liquor.
In another embodiment, such an automatic cleaning appliance could include a wash zone arranged to receive a load of objects to be cleaned and a wash liquor to be applied to the load of objects, a water supply line communicating with said wash zone, a hydrogen peroxide generator arranged to receive a supply of water from the water supply line and a conduit leading from the hydrogen peroxide generator to the wash zone.
The objects cleaned in the automatic cleaning appliance could include porous fabric and textile objects, such as clothing, linens and similar materials, and could include non-porous ceramics, metals, plastics and similar materials made into dishes and other food preparation and servicing objects and utensils, as well as many different types of raw and manufactured components.
FIG. 1 illustrates a flow chart of various steps of a method embodying the principles of the present invention.
FIG. 2 schematically illustrates an automatic cleaning appliance embodying the principles of the present invention.
The present invention is directed to a method for cleaning objects in an automatic wash system or cleaning appliance using an oxidizing agent, as well as for an apparatus to effect such cleaning.
Although a variety of oxidizing agents may be used in the method of the invention, one such agent is hydrogen peroxide, and this particular agent is discussed in detail below. However, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to this particular oxidizing agent. Some additional chemical compositions include ozone, percarbonate, perborate, singlet oxygen, peroxy acids (RCO3H), hypochlorite, chlorine and chlorine dioxide, metal oxyacids such as all forms of chromium (VI) and permanganate ion (KMnO4), nitric acid, nitrous acid, sodium peroxide, halogens, but more specifically Br2 and Cl2 and compounds containing Cl− and Br− and mild oxidizing agents such as Ag+ and Cu2+.
FIG. 1 illustrates an embodiment of the invention, which includes, in step 20, introducing a load of objects into a wash zone of the automatic cleaning appliance. In step 22, a wash liquor and at least one of electromagnetic, chemical and mechanical energy are automatically applied to the load of objects in the wash zone by the automatic cleaning appliance to remove soil from the load of objects. The wash liquor may be either an aqueous (water) based solution or a non-aqueous based solution, such as disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,451,066 and 6,045,588 which are incorporated herein by reference. The electromagnetic energy may be in the form of infrared (thermal), ultraviolet or microwave to heat or disinfect the object load, soil or wash liquor, or may be from other parts of the electromagnetic spectrum. The chemical energy may be supplied via various detergent and other additives in liquid or gaseous form, which may also be applied in concentrated form, as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,784,666 which is incorporated herein by reference. Alternative techniques for introducing the chemical energy including the oxidizing agent include foams, mists or vapors.
The mechanical energy may be supplied by agitating the object load in the wash zone by various means such as agitators, impellers, vanes, baffles and rotations or oscillations of the wash zone, or by spinning the object load at a high speed and applying a fluid wash liquor to the objects which is driven through or around the objects by the spinning action. Ultrasonic energy may be applied to the object load or the wash liquor to induce a mechanical agitation or vibration to assist in loosening or removing soil from the objects. The wash liquor may be applied to the object load in the form of sprays or jets to impart mechanical energy into the object load. Also, solid additives may be introduced to the object load to dispense chemicals or to increase mechanical energy being applied to the object load. Several exemplary arrangements are disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,191,667, 5,191,669, 5,219,370, 5,271,251, 5,345,637, 5,460,018, 5,507,053, 6,591,638, all of which are incorporated herein by reference.
In step 24, which is to occur subsequent to step 22, an oxidizing agent is applied to the load of objects, which may be through the medium of a fluid applied to the load of objects.
In this embodiment, the purpose for applying the oxidizing agent subsequent to the application of wash liquor and some type of energy, is to avoid the negative effects of the oxidizing agent on the various chemistry of the wash liquor if a chemical energy is used, such as in the form of a detergent with an enzyme additive, or to avoid the thermal load the oxidizing agent would place on the wash liquor if a thermal energy is used in association with the wash liquor, such as via heating the wash liquor to make it more effective in removing soils from the object load.
In an embodiment of the invention wherein the wash liquor introduced in step 22 comprises a water based solution and there are enzymes in the solution, the oxidizing agent may be applied in step 24 to the load of objects after a delay of a predetermined time following the application of the enzymes to the load of objects sufficient to allow the enzymes to work properly on the load of objects. For example, in a washing method which includes an initial wash cycle during which at least one of electromagnetic, chemical and mechanical energy is applied to the load of objects as a step 22, the oxidizing agent may be applied to the load of objects in step 24 no sooner than some fixed time period, such as 5 minutes, or no sooner than approximately midway through the initial wash cycle. Alternatively, in a washing method which includes a first water based rinse cycle occurring after the step of applying at least one of electromagnetic, chemical and mechanical energy in step 22, the oxidizing agent may be applied to the load of objects as step 24 during the first rinse cycle.
In a wash method wherein the electromagnetic energy comprises thermal energy, the thermal energy may be applied to the load of objects by means of a heater being activated for a period of time to heat the wash liquor, such as prior to or during step 22, the oxidizing agent may be applied to the load of objects in step 24 after the heater is deactivated in order to avoid posing a thermal load while the heat from the heater is being used to enhance the wash process. Such a heater is intended to include all manners of heaters including those using electrical resistance, combustions of fuels such as natural gas or liquid petroleum, microwave heaters, etc.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the oxidizing agent introduced in step 24 may comprise hydrogen peroxide. In such an embodiment, the hydrogen peroxide may be provided in the fluid medium at a concentration in the range of 10 to 10000 parts per million, more preferably less than 2500 parts per million and most preferably less than 1000 parts per million. A suitable medium may be water, but other fluid mediums may be used as well. Some of these additional fluids are non-aqueous liquid solvents such as fluorinated solvents, perchloroethylene, siloxane-based solvents, hydrocarbon-based solvents, ionic liquids, liquid CO2 and combinations thereof. More specifically, the fluorinated solvents are selected from the group comprising methoxynonafluorobutane, ethoxynonafluorobutane and decafluoropentane. The siloxane-based solvents can be selected from decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, dodecamethylpentasiloxane, decamethyltetrasiloxane and combinations thereof. Finally, gases, partially compressed gases and compressed gases including air and CO2 may be an acceptable medium as well.
In some embodiments of the invention, the oxidizing agent may be applied to the load of objects in step 24 automatically, and therefore a supply of oxidizing agent may be stored in a reservoir in association with the automatic cleaning appliance, with an appropriate dispensing mechanism provided to meter a desired amount of oxidizing agent onto the object load. For example, a storage reservoir may be located within the cleaning appliance cabinet, or may be located in proximity to the cleaning appliance cabinet, and connected thereto with a conduit. In some embodiments, the oxidizing agent may be generated in or near the automatic cleaning appliance, such as in optional step 26 (shown interposed between steps 22 and 24 with dashed lines) in FIG. 1. For example, if the oxidizing agent is hydrogen peroxide, this agent may be generated via an electrochemical cell associated with the automatic cleaning appliance, so that a continuous supply of the oxidizing agent may be made available automatically, without requiring the user to periodically fill a reservoir with a supply of oxidizing agent. Specifically, the automatic cleaning appliance may be provided with a water supply line for providing water to be used in the wash liquor and the hydrogen peroxide may be electrochemically generated in the automatic cleaning appliance via the decomposition of the water introduced through the water supply line.
Such an arrangement is not limited to the generation of hydrogen peroxide. In an embodiment of the present invention, there may be included the step of generating an oxidizing agent via a chemical generator device arranged in the automatic cleaning appliance, applying a wash liquor and at least one of electromagnetic, chemical and mechanical energy to the load of objects in the wash zone to remove soil from the load of objects, and subsequently applying the oxidizing agent to the load of objects, through the medium of a fluid applied to the load of objects. While hydrogen peroxide is specifically described as one such oxidizing agent, formed in a reaction of hydrogen and oxygen, the resultants of an electrolysis of water, other oxidizing agents could similarly be formed. The chemical generator may be an electrochemical cell that decomposes a chemical composition, such as water, into resultants, such as hydrogen and oxygen, and then reacts at least one of the resultants to form an oxidizing agent, such as hydrogen peroxide. During the decomposition, the process can be combined with an oxygen-enrichment from air to further facilitate reactants. Other potential resultants could be ozone, hydroxyl radicals and metal containing hydroxides, depending on the purity of the inlet water.
In those embodiments of the invention utilizing hydrogen peroxide, the hydrogen peroxide may optionally be activated in the automatic cleaning appliance through contact with chemically-modified surfaces, such as in step 28 (shown interposed between steps 26 and 24 with dashed and dotted lines) of FIG. 1, to form hydroxyl radicals before the oxidizing agent is applied to the object load such as transition metal oxides, transition metal oxides doped with other elements including nitrogen and carbon, ferrous sulfate and ferrous sulfite.
A preferred embodiment utilizes titanium dioxide to activate the oxidizing agent and more-preferably nitrogen-doped or carbon-doped titanium dioxide.
Methods of producing chemically-modified surfaces include coating, particle impregnation, sputtering, vapor phase deposition, electroplating, plasma deposition, graphing and nano-technologies.
These chemically-modified surfaces may be used to delay the activation of the oxidizing agent in the process. Other methods that may be used to delay or control activating the oxidizing agent include are centrifugal switch activation, alternate paths in the machine such as re-circulation.
The method of the present invention may be practiced in an automatic cleaning appliance 30 such as shown schematically in FIG. 2. Such cleaning appliance 30 could be an automatic clothes washer, an automatic dishwasher, or other types of automatic washers. In one such cleaning appliance 30, a wash zone 32 may be arranged to rotate about a vertical axis. In such a cleaning appliance 30, the oxidizing agent 36 may be introduced to the wash zone 32 in a lower region 38 of the wash zone in order to assure a proper mixing of the oxidizing agent with the wash liquor 40 before the oxidizing agent is introduced to the object load.
The method of the present invention may also be practiced in an automatic cleaning appliance 30 wherein the wash zone 32 is arranged to rotate about a horizontal axis. In such a cleaning appliance 30, the oxidizing agent 34 may be introduced into a sump 44 where the wash liquor 40 collects, and from where the wash liquor is pumped into the wash zone 32.
The cleaning appliance 30 could also include features such as rotating spray arms, fixed or moving jet outlets, and other known mechanisms for providing mechanical energy by means of the introduction or recycling of the wash liquor against the objects being cleaned.
As illustrated in FIG. 2, the chemical generator device 48 associated with the automatic cleaning appliance 30 is provided which provides the generation of desired chemistries directly at or in association with the cleaning appliance. In some embodiments, a continuous supply of the elements necessary to generate the desired chemistries can be connected to the device 48 so that the user need not periodically add chemistries to the device 48 or the cleaning appliance 30. In some embodiments, as described below, the generated chemistries are dispensed automatically to the cleaning appliance 30 avoiding the need for the user of the appliance to manually dispense the chemistries into the cleaning appliance.
The chemical generator device 48 is arranged in association with the cleaning appliance 30 which has the cleaning zone 32 where objects are cleaned. The chemical generator device 48 may be located within an outer cabinet 49 of the cleaning appliance, or may be located outside of the cabinet in a generally close proximity to the cleaning appliance 30. The chemical generator device 48 includes an inlet 51 to allow the introduction of at least one chemical composition. The chemical composition may be introduced through the inlet 51, such as by a user pouring or otherwise dispensing a discrete quantity of the chemical composition through the inlet 51, or a supply conduit 46 may be attached to the inlet 51 such that the chemical composition may be directed to the inlet through the conduit from a source of supply which may be a reservoir of a finite volume, or may be from a source of a relatively continuous supply. For example, if the chemical composition is water, the conduit 46 may be connected to a water conduit located in the building where the appliance is located, thereby providing a relatively continuous supply of water.
The chemical generator device 48 also includes an operative area 53 where a desired chemical composition is generated by utilizing the at least one chemical composition. An outlet 55 is provided at the chemical generator device 48 which is arranged to communicate with the cleaning zone 32 of the cleaning appliance 30. The outlet 55 may lead directly to the cleaning zone 32, or a separate conduit 50 may be provided between the outlet 55 and the cleaning zone 32. In the embodiments where the chemical generator device is located outside of the cabinet 49 of the cleaning appliance 30, such a conduit 50 is generally required.
In some embodiments, the chemical generator device 48 also includes a dispensing apparatus 57 arranged to dispense the generated chemical composition to the cleaning zone 32 from the operative area 53 through the outlet 55. In some embodiments, the generated chemical composition may be dispensed through the outlet via gravity, in other embodiments the generated chemical composition may be dispensed due to a pressure associated with the chemical composition being introduced through the inlet 51, or due to a pressure developed during the generation of the generated chemical composition. In other embodiments, the generated chemical composition may be dispensed through the use of a pump. In an embodiment of the invention, the dispensing apparatus 57 is arranged to automatically dispense the generated chemical composition to the cleaning zone 32 during a cleaning operation of the cleaning appliance 30.
In most embodiments of the present invention a pump is used to move fluid between conduits, reservoirs, etc. These pumps may be positive displacement, kinetic or open screw mechanical pumps. Pumping is not limited to mechanical means and other types of pumps that be utilized are piezo-electric, electrohydrodynamic, thermal bubble, magnetohydrodynamic and electroosmotic.
It is another aspect of the invention to provide a control system 58. The control system 58 operates the dispensing apparatus 57 to deliver the oxidizing agent to the wash liquor to maximize performance by using sensors 59. Some types of sensors that may be preferred include pressure, pH, oxidation reduction potential, turbidity and conductivity. For example, hydrogen peroxide may be added to the wash liquor when the turbidity of the wash liquor suggests that the presence of particulate soils is low, thereby increasing the effectiveness of the oxidizing agent. Additionally, when the pH environment is optimal (greater than 8), then the oxidizing agent may be added to the system facilitating the production of hydroxyl radicals.
Where the cleaning appliance 30 uses an aqueous based wash liquor and therefore has a connection to a source of water; the water can be used as the initial chemical composition. In such embodiments, a fluid conditioning device 60 may be arranged in the water inlet line 46, which may include a filter mechanism or a chemical treating mechanism, such as a water softening mechanism. There are different types of filtering mechanisms that may be effective. For example, a metal, paper or coarse filter may be implemented at the inlet of the system. This filter will minimize particulate fouling of the electrochemical cell as well as increase the effectiveness of the oxidizing agent. This filter may be provided with a self-cleaning mechanism. Additionally, the inlet water or water directed to the electrochemical cell may pass through a fluid conditioning device such as a water softening mechanism. The purpose of this mechanism will be to reduce the contamination concentration of the water to less than 1000 parts per million of a calcium carbonate equivalent, more preferably less than 500 parts per million and most preferably less than 100 parts per million. As a result, the performance of the system will be enhanced.
In an embodiment of the invention, the chemical generating device 48 further includes a storage space 61 arranged to receive a supply of material, such as a salt composition or a catalyst in solid form to be dissolved by fluid in the chemical generating device 48, or a fluid material to be dispensed into the chemical generating device during the generating process.
In an embodiment of the invention, the cleaning appliance 30 further includes a lockout mechanism 63 for an access door 65 used in loading objects into the wash zone 32. An activating apparatus 67 is arranged as a part of the control 58 for the lockout mechanism. The activating apparatus 67 includes a sensor 71 arranged to detect a concentration level of the predetermined chemicals in the wash zone 32, and upon detection of a level in excess of a predetermined level, the activation apparatus 67 will operate the lockout mechanism 63 via line 73 to prevent the door 65 from being opened.
The automatic cleaning appliance could include the water supply line 46 communicating with the wash zone 32. A chemical generator device 48, such as a hydrogen peroxide generator, may be arranged to receive a supply of water from the water supply line 46. The conduit 50 would lead from the chemical generator device 48 to the wash zone 32 to supply the oxidizing agent to the object load. Heat generated by the chemical generator device 48, such as through a transformation of the electrical power supplied to the chemical generator device, or heat given off during the generation of the chemical composition, may be utilized as all or a part of the electromagnetic, in this case thermal, energy applied to the load of objects in step 22.
In a preferred embodiment, the chemical system will utilize an electrolyte to increase the rate of reaction. Sodium chloride, NaCl, is a useful electrolyte and can be used to make certain bleaches. Potassium or sodium hydroxide are potential electrolytes. In the presence of water and electricity, NaOH and KOH produce hydrogen and oxygen which then in the presence of a catalyst can be used to make some bleaching compounds. Persulfates and peroxy salts are potential electrolytes. After an anodic reaction, persulfates and peroxy salts are in a mixture with hydrogen peroxide and other oxidizing agents. The hydrogen peroxide and oxidizing agents can be extracted from solution through steam distillation, contact with an ion exchange resin, contact with an adsorptive polymer or combinations thereof. In a preferred embodiment, an anodic reaction produces hydrogen peroxide. The hydrogen peroxide is then extracted from the solution during the drying phase of an automatic cleaning appliance. The heat during the drying step can be used as a steam distillation technique and the hydrogen peroxide can be extracted and stored for future uses. Sodium carbonate, Na2CO3, can be used as an electrolyte and the resulting solutions could be potentially used to manipulate the pH of the wash liquor for the automatic cleaning appliance. In a preferred embodiment, carbonic acid is produced through the reaction and is subsequently used to fight food stains.
Electrodes for the chemical generating device can be coated with a variety of species. They can be coated with platinum, palladium, iridium or combinations thereof catalyst, coated surfaces. In addition, the surface can be zinc, tin or copper treated as well. Moreover, electrodes can take a variety of shapes: plate form, mesh, rod form, tubular form, comb form and punching metal.
Not all electrodes in the process participate in the chemical reaction. In an embodiment of the invention, supporting electrodes help with the conductivity but don't play a supporting role in the reaction.
The chemical generating device can be used for electrosynthesis. Types of chemicals that can produced by such a technique are: acetoin, acetylenedicarboxylic acid, adipoin dimethyl acetal, adiponitrile, 4-aminomethylpyridine, anthraquinone, azobenzene, S-carbomethoxymethylecysteine, L-cysteine, ethanol, hexafluoropropyleneoxide, perfluorinated hydrocarbons, polysilanes, salicylic aldehyde, succinic acid, ethylene glycol, propylene oxides, and sorbitol.
The chemical generating device as described above can be combined with, integrated with, placed in series or parallel with, before or after one or multiple chemical reactors. These reactor include but are not limited to bubble reactors, liquid dispersion reactors, tubular reactors, falling film reactors, trickle bed reactors, flooded fixed bed reactors, suspended catalyst bed reactors, or slurry reactors.
subsequently applying an oxidizing agent to the fabric load through the medium of a wash liquor.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the wash liquor comprises water.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the wash liquor comprises at least one enzyme.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the oxidizing agent is applied to the fabric load after a delay of a predetermined time following the application of the at least one enzyme to the fabric load, the predetermined time being sufficient to allow the at least one enzyme to work properly on the load.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic energy comprises thermal energy and is applied to the fabric load by means of a heater being activated for a predetermined period of time to heat the wash liquor, and the oxidizing agent is applied to the load of fabric after the heater is deactivate.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the oxidizing agent is introduced to the wash zone in a lower region of the wash zone.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the washing apparatus includes a sump where the wash liquor from the wash zone collects, the method further comprising the step of pumping the wash liquor from the sump into the wash zone, wherein the step of applying the oxidizing agent further comprises introducing the oxidizing agent into the sump.
8. The method of claim 1, further comprising an initial wash cycle during which the at least one of the electromagnetic, chemical and mechanical energy is applied to the fabric load, and the oxidizing agent is applied to the fabric load at least about 5 minutes into the initial wash cycle.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein a first water based rinse cycle occurs after the application of at least one of electromagnetic, chemical and mechanical energy, and wherein the step of applying the oxidizing agent comprises applying the oxidizing agent to the load of objects during the first rinse cycle.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein a first water based rinse cycle occurs after the application of at least one of electromagnetic, chemical, and mechanical energy, and wherein the step of applying the oxidizing agent comprises applying the oxidizing agent to the load of objects at the beginning of the first rinse cycle.
11. The method of claim 1, wherein the oxidizing agent comprises hydrogen peroxide.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein the hydrogen peroxide is provided in the fluid medium at a concentration in the range of about 10 to about 10,000 parts per million.
13. The method of claim 11, wherein the hydrogen peroxide is generated in association with the washing apparatus.
14. The method of claim 11, wherein the hydrogen peroxide is activated in association with the washing apparatus through contact with chemically-modified surfaces to form hydroxyl radicals.
15. The method of claim 1, wherein the oxidizing agent is generated in the washing apparatus.
subsequently applying the oxidizing agent to the load of objects through the medium of a fluid.
17. The method of claim 16, wherein heat is generated in the process of generating the oxidizing agent, and the heat is applied to the fabric load in the wash zone as at least a portion of the electromagnetic energy.
subsequently applying the oxidizing agent to the load of objects through a medium of fluid that comes in contact with the fabric.
BE1005181A3 (en) * 1991-08-19 1993-05-18 Solvay Composition containing a fluorinated ether and use thereof.


Multiple Teams · Dec 11 Eagles JV Basketball Victorious over Tiger Cubs!
South Putnam hosted the Greencastle Tiger Cubs last night for a girls' and boys' JV double header. Our Lady Eagles started the night off with a 24-22 win. Caitlin Capps led in scoring with seven points and Savannah McIntosh followed with six.
The boys' JV team followed suit with a 50-36 win over the Tiger Cubs. The Eagles were led in scoring by Lane Watson with 12 points.
Congratulations on two great games!


This Childcraft activity table is perfect for arts and crafts, group projects and playtime.
The Childcraft Laminate Top activity table is ideal for reading and study groups. Solid maple aprons and sturdy maple legs in a clear, natural finish. Woodgrain laminate tops resist paint and crayon marks. Wipe clean with cloth or sponge and can withstand bleach-cleaning. Simple leg assembly required. Chairs sold separately. Measures 36 W x 48 D x 20 H inches.


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Governor General Julie Payette receives RCAF astronaut 'wings'
The Royal Canadian Air Force's (RCAF) astronaut flying badge, known as astronaut "wings," was created in 2000. Colonel (retired) Chris Hadfield was the first to wear them, following his second flight into space in 2001. Her Excellency the Right Honourable Julie Payette, Governor General and Commander-in-Chief of Canada has now become only the second person to wear these wings. READ MORE
La gouverneure générale Julie Payette reçoit l'insigne d'astronaute de l'ARC
L'insigne de vol des astronautes de l'Aviation royale canadienne (ARC), aussi appelé « ailes » d'astronaute, a été créé en 2000. Le colonel (retraité) Chris Hadfield a été le premier à porter cet insigne, après son second vol dans l'espace, en 2001. Son Excellence la très honorable Julie Payette, gouverneure générale et commandante en chef du Canada, est devenue la deuxième personne à porter cet insigne. LIRE PLUS
Canada to award contract for new fighter jet by 2021, says RCAF commander
RCAF commander Lt.-Gen. Michael Hood says he expects a contact to be awarded for the new fleet of 88 fighter jets for his service by 2021. Hood, at the Dubai air show, spoke to a number of media outlets including Defense News and Flight Global. READ MORE
For Canada's search-and-rescue planes, 'tactical grey' is the new yellow. That could mean they're heading to combat
Canada's new search-and-rescue aircraft will abandon their familiar yellow paint scheme, instead getting a makeover that will allow them to be used in other missions, including combat. The Royal Canadian Air Force has requested that its new fleet of 16 search-and-rescue planes be painted tactical grey and have asked for a change in the original contract which stipulated a yellow colour scheme. READ MORE
Royal Canadian Air Force veteran remembers her service ahead of her 100th birthday
When Winifred Stewart, 99, looks at photographs from her days in the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) almost 75 years ago, memories come flooding back. "We were proud of our uniform, blue, and if you didn't leave Canada you didn't get the Canada badge," she said, tracing her finger over the shoulder badge on her uniform in a black-and-white photo taken in a park in Winnipeg in 1945 where she was discharged after the Second World War, embroidered with the word Canada above an eagle. READ MORE
Israel holds large air force drill with 8 other countries
Israel's military recently said that it was holding its largest-ever air drill, with pilots from eight countries and dozens of aircraft simulating combat scenarios and facing off in training exercises. Some 1000 participants from the United States, Germany and France, among others, were in Israel for the drill codenamed "Blue Flag," the third of its kind. Germany, India and France were taking part for the first time. READ MORE
Sea King Retirement
Sea King Retirement Committee
After more than 50 years of service, the Sea King will be retired December 2018 at 443MH Victoria. Advance planning is underway. Visit www.skr18.ca for updates.
A holiday Q&A session with Honorary Colonel Loreena McKennitt (Government of Canada)
Airbus open to further Bombardier cooperation as it eyes Canadian fighter jet deal (Financial Post)
First Italian-built F-35B makes first STOVL flight (Lockheed Martin Corporation)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


My Wife At The Oval Office. My wife was honored last week with a trip to Washington D.C. and a tour of the West Wing including a look at the Oval Office. Not many get this honor…it's kind of a big deal.
Colleen, better known as the Travel Mama, has a blog and published book on how to travel with children and stay sane. Her influence has awarded our family travel all over the world. But imagine our excitement when the White House called Colleen to attend a summit as one of the 100 most influential travel bloggers and digital media. The summit was on Study Abroad and Global Exchange…I guess travel bloggers and the media in general are a good resource for experts on the subject. BUT WAIT, THERE'S MORE! At the end of the summit they announced that 6 out of the 100 attendees would be called back, an honor for their influence, and guess who had that honor…go ahead, guess! Yup. And, not only was Colleen honored to be brought back, but she was awarded the ability to honor her father by bringing him too. The extent of pride I have for my wife is beyond expression. And you have to admit, she looks pretty damn good pointing to the cameras.


The aim of this dissertation is to recommend an alternative approach to the fraud exception in South African law. The Current South African position as with the English law, places more weight on upholding the sanctity of the autonomy principle in letters of credit than preventing fraud. This is mainly because the courts have traditionally taken the view that protection of the autonomy principle is central to promoting the needs of trade and maintaining the integrity of the international banking community. Hence, this dissertation argues that an approach to the fraud exception in South African law that is more in line with that of the American law and/or the UNCITRAL Convention strikes a better balance in upholding the value of letters of credit and combatting fraud than the current South African position. Based on the comparative analysis of the position in the United Kingdom, United States of America and under the UNCITRAL Convention, the dissertation seeks to draw upon important lessons and principles pivotal to a preferable approach to the fraud exception in South African law that would enhance a better balance between the autonomy arguments and deterrence of fraud.
Ngoma, W. 2015. Towards a more flexible approach to the fraud exception in letters of credit under South African law: a comparative analysis with select common law approaches and the UNCITRAL Convention. University of Cape Town.


Year-on-year, prices continued to advance for food & non-alcoholic beverages (13.51 percent vs 13.26 percent in November), mostly led by food (13.56 percent vs 13.30 percent), of which potatoes, yam and other tubers; bread & cereals; fish; milk, cheese and eggs; vegetables, fruits; oils & fats and meat; housing & utilities (7.43 percent vs 7.34 percent) and clothing & footwear (10.12 percent vs 9.97 percent). Additional upward pressure came from cost of: furnishings (9.76 percent vs 9.69 percent); education (9.80 percent vs 9.78 percent); health (9.81 percent vs 9.74 percent); alcoholic beverages, tobacco & kola (10.21 percent vs 9.96 percent); communications (7.43 percent vs 7.36 percent) and recreation & culture (8.72 percent vs 8.56 percent).
In contrast, inflation slowed for transport (10.08 percent vs 10.29 percent) and miscellaneous goods & services (9.58 percent vs 9.66 percent).
Annual core inflation which excludes price of volatile agricultural products stood at 9.8 percent in December, unchanged from November.
On a monthly basis, consumer prices went up 0.74 percent, following a 0.80 percent increase in the prior month.


In the kooky, upside-down world of the Addams Family, to be sad is to be happy, to feel pain is to feel joy, and death and suffering are the stuff of their dreams. Nonetheless, this quirky family still has to deal with many of the same challenges faced by any other family, and the spookiest nightmare faced by every family creates the focus Lippa, Brickman, and Elice's musical: the Addams kids are growing up. Their dark, macabre, beloved daughter Wednesday, is now an eighteen year-old young woman who is ready for a life of her own. She has fallen in love with Lucas Beineke, a sweet, smart boy from a normal, respectable Ohio family — the most un-Addams sounding person one could be! And to make matters worse, she has invited the Beinekes to their home for dinner. In one fateful, hilarious night, secrets are disclosed, relationships are tested, and the Addams family must face up to the one horrible thing they've managed to avoid for generations: change.


text:
Kremlin: Russia Ready to Be Mediator Between US, North Korea if Parties Want it
© AP Photo / Ahn Young-joon
US President Donald Trump called on Moscow to help solve the North Korean nuclear problem during a phone conversation earlier in December.
According to Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov, Russia may become a mediator between the US and North Korea only if it is necessary and the parties want it.
"We are talking about Russia's readiness, if necessary and if the two sides want it. It is impossible to become a mediator between the two parties based only on your own will, this requires the will of the two sides. Since the exchange of confrontational rhetoric is conducted precisely between Pyongyang and Washington," Peskov stated, when asked if Moscow is ready to become a mediator in the dialogue between the two states.
This may open the way for the de-escalation of tensions between the US and North Korea, Peskov added.
During their phone conversation earlier in December, US President Donald Trump called on Russian President Vladimir Putin to help solve the North Korean nuclear issue. Commenting on the talks, Trump said that Washington could rely on Moscow's support on the issue and considers it to be of major importance.
READ MORE: Light at the End of the Tunnel? N Korea Likely to Engage US in Talks — Report
Separately, US Secretary of State Rex Tillerson announced that Washington was "ready to talk anytime" with North Korea "without precondition," but emphasized that "the diplomatic effort has to be backed up by a very credible military alternative."
© AP Photo/ Wong Maye-E
North Korea Advises US to Give Up 'Pipe Dream' of Pyongyang Abandoning Nukes
However, according to Trump's national security adviser McMaster, "all options are on the table" with regard to the situation on the Korean Peninsula.
In the wake of the extreme deterioration of the crisis in the region this summer amid Pyongyang's repeated missile launches and a nuclear test, Russia and China have proposed the so-called "double freeze" plan aimed to settle the situation, which urges North Korea to halt nuclear tests and urges the US and South Korea to cease joint drills. While the proposal is still on the table, according to Moscow and Beijing, Washington has rejected the plan.
Dmitry Peskov, Democratic Republic of North Korea (DPRK), United States, Russia


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Q: Android Studio 2.2: gradle sync very slow i find that AS 2.2 preview 3 and 4 are very slow when doing gradle sync.
i have classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:2.1.2' and distributionUrl=https://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-2.14-all.zip.
the gradle sync always takes more than 1 hour. what's more, when the sync finished and i restart AS so that sync is started again, the sync is slow again: the sync is slow every time i start AS...
my PC has: i7-6700, 16G RAM, 512G SSD.
when i use AS 2.1.1 for the same project, the gradle sync is very fast, about 1-3 minutes.
it is a bug, or because my project has 12 necessary modules, or is there some workaround?

A: Android Studio 2.2 Preview 4 is extremely slow and buggy.
I use it on macbook pro 15 i7, 256 ssd and 16gb, and sometime the memory usage is up to 90% (no other apps running).
I rolled back to the stable channel and it's back to normal.

A: I also updated Android Studio2.2 Stabled, but it's obviously slower than previous version.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Тшемешно — місто в Гнезненському повіті Великопольського воєводства
 Тшемешно — гміна в Гнезненському повіті Великопольського воєводства
 Тшемешно — село в гміні Роздражев Кротошинського повіту Великопольського воєводства

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


There's a lot to see in South Kingstown, the largest town in Rhode Island. Made up of over ten villages and sections - some with confusing names such as Kingston and West Kingston, and some with charming ones like Snug Harbor, Wakefield, and Peacedale – this town is picturesque without being overly polished.
And it's very easy to plan a visit to the historic buildings and attractions here, because the town has already done it for you by plotting out a driving tour. The 25 sites on the tour range from a 19th century pump house to an 18th century jail to a deceptively tall wooden observation tower with amazing views.


text:
The 1965 St. Louis Cardinals season was the team's 46th year in the National Football League (NFL) and their sixth season in St. Louis. After losing the season opener in Philadelphia, the Cardinals reeled off four consecutive wins to move into a tie with the Cleveland Browns at 4–1 after five weeks. However, the Cardinals lost their final six games to finish in sixth place at 5–9, ahead of only the 2–12 Pittsburgh Steelers in the NFL Eastern Conference.

It was the final season at Busch Stadium, formerly known as Sportsman's Park. Head coach Wally Lemm resigned after the 1965 season and returned to his previous position with the Houston Oilers of the AFL. The Cardinals moved to the new Busch Memorial Stadium for the 1966 season.

Offseason

NFL Draft
In November 1964, the Cardinals selected quarterback Joe Namath of Alabama in the first round of the 1965 NFL Draft, but he signed a record contract with the New York Jets of the American Football League. It was the height of the bidding war between the leagues, which subsided with the merger announcement in June 1966.

Regular season

Schedule

Standings

References

External links
 1965 St. Louis Cardinals at Pro-Football-Reference.com

St. Louis
Arizona Cardinals seasons


USDA certified NATURALOVE feminine spray is a berry scented body spray designed for full-body use but gentle enough for a woman's most delicate areas. Use to freshen up after a workout, pamper prior to foreplay and/or after intimacy. Simply spray and play!
Soap free formula, added moisturizers and organic anti-bacterial ingredients. 4 fl. oz. (120mL) spray bottle.


What The Heck Is Bergamot, The Flavor Behind Earl Grey Tea?
What The Heck Is Bergamot?
Anyone who is familiar with Earl Grey tea knows the fragrant, citrusy scent and distinct flavor of bergamot. But what the heck is it? Where does it come from?
Bergamot is a fragrant citrus fruit from the tropical, Citrus bergamia plant. Common throughout the Mediterranean, the fruit is the size of an orange, yet similar in color to a lime, or even yellowish, depending on the ripeness.
Unlike other citrus fruits, bergamot has a distinctive, heady fragrance and flavor. It is highly aromatic, and the essential oils are extracted from the rind. The fragrant oil is used to make perfumes, colognes, scented soaps, and of course, it gives Earl Grey tea its signature flavor and aroma. The flesh tastes the same way it smells: tart, acidic, highly fragrant, and spicy.
What Does Bergamot Taste Like?
Unlike sweet oranges, bergamot oranges are sour and not eaten fresh, despite the fact that the fruit is a good source of vitamin C, potassium, vitamins B1, B2, and A. In addition to being the star flavor of Earl Grey tea, the zest, and flesh of the bergamot fruit are used in Europe as a flavoring in cookies, custards, marmalades, syrups, and cocktails. It is also mixed with mayonnaise or pesto and served as a condiment with fish or meat entrees.
Charles, the second Earl Grey, was the Prime Minister of Great Britain in the 1830s. While we know the British enjoy their tea, it's not entirely clear how this specific combination of black tea and citrusy bergamot become associated with Earl Grey. Stories abound about the origin of the famous tea blend.
One story suggests it was created by accident when a container of tea and bergamot oranges were shipped together from Chinese diplomats to Earl Grey. The essence of the fruit was said to have been absorbed by the tea during transit. Another account suggests that a Chinese mandarin acquaintance created the tea blend to improve the unpleasant mineral taste of the water at the Grey estate. A London tea house claims to have released the blend at the request of Earl Grey in the 1830s. But the exact story remains a mystery. Regardless, this classic tea blend is a popular favorite and has been for almost two centuries. In fact, when Twining's changed its Earl Grey formula back in 2011, British citizens revolted. There was even a Facebook page created about the uproar!
Eases stress, anxiety, depression, and improves mood. When diffused, bergamot oil has powerful mood stabilizing effects. Try diffusing a few drops of the essential oil when stress and anxiety are high.
Protects against diabetes, heart disease, and aids in weight loss. The UK Telegraph, Health News reported findings that drinking Earl Grey tea could help protect against heart disease, due to its bergamot content. A study by the University of Catanzaro in Italy found that bergamot could help you lose weight, and prevent diabetes by reducing blood sugar.
Assists in proper digestion. Bergamot enhances the body's digestive process. To ease discomfort and stimulate digestion, add two or three drops of Bergamot essential oil to a small amount of carrier oil, such as coconut or almond oil, in your palm. Gently rub onto the stomach area. Or sip a cup of Earl Grey tea.
Reduces pain. Pour a scant amount of a carrier oil, such as coconut or almond oil, in your palm. Add two or three drops of Bergamot essential oil and gently rub directly on achy, sore muscles, or wherever a tension headache is felt. Keep oil away from the eyes.
Natural deodorant and air freshener. Add a few drops of Bergamot oil to your air freshening spray, and to your deodorant, liquid soap, or beard oil. It smells great, removes bad odors, and stops the spread of germs and viruses.
Caution! Essential oils in the citrus family — lemon, orange, lemon verbena, lime, and bergamot — can cause your skin to become sensitive to ultraviolet rays of direct sunlight, sunlamps, and tanning beds. Never apply bergamot or the other noted oils to the skin prior to exposure to the Sun or these light sources. And keep away from children.
Not everyone is a fan of Bergamot's strong flavor and aroma. What's your opinion—are you a fan of Earl Grey tea? Share your thoughts with us in the comments below.
I use a single tea bag of earl grey tea combined with a single tea bag of peppermint tea (plus about two teaspoons of honey) to get a really kicking cup of tea.
The peppermint really helps make this cup of tea something special.
I adore Earl Grey tea, and the scent of bergamot has become a favorite.
And I'm thrilled to now know that it has so many health benefits! Thanks!!
I have been drinking Earl Gray tea since I was a boy and still have it. It is the coolest tea ever because of the strong bergamot flavor it contains .. It is the pragmatist that makes everything delicious and wonderful.
Only my favourite since I was introduced to it in 1973.
What ever happened to the Earl Gray Liquer??
I have big tree of sour oranges.This year some of them ,left on tree at December and January become bumpy.We use them as a lemon and make ice cubes for tee ,drinks.
I am wondering if this is Bergamot? Before they didn't have bumps.This is first year.This tree is 10 years old.
Hi Elmarie, thank you so much for your note! You are correct! Getting ahold of a true Citrus bergamia image proved to be a bit of a challenge. We swapped it out. Thanks for the heads up!
Hi I think the picture shown above is not Bergamot but actually Citrus hystrix, called the kaffir lime. The leaves are so distinctive on the kaffir lime tree. Citrus bergamia, the bergamot orange does not have this characteristic. Easy mistake to make as searching google images for bergamot pulls up a lot of Kaffir lime pics. Blessings.
I've always enjoyed Earl Grey tea, but my mother got me hooked on Earl Grey with lavender. It's the perfect compliment to the bergamot. I recently bought some local honey infused with lavender so that i can have it in my other teas too.
Earl Grey is our favorite. My grown kids love it. I buy organic loose tea and brew it. I also love Earl Grey Creme. I have various containers in my cupboard and I try it everywhere I go. I do stay away from twinnings and other bags that are not organic due to all the bad stuff those companies use.
Thanks for the info. Now I know why I quit drinking Twinings Earl Grey some years ago. I have ordered some British Earl Grey online and it is definitely better, but then again, the British really know their tea! I also like Bigelow's version.
To me Bergamot is an irresistible elixir. I am quite fond of the taste and adore the aroma. Earl Grey Tea is an absolute in my house. I also enjoy candles and and other products infused with Bergamot.
Diane, I began planting Bee Balm (also known as Monarda) a couple of years ago. If the scent resembles anything, it's oregano, not bergamot. In my opinion, neither flavors are what I want in my tea. Maybe bergamot is similar in appeal to cilantro where, to some who are genetically hardwired, it tastes like soap. To me, Earl Grey is like drinking perfume!
I'm not a fan of Earl Grey tea at all.
However, Lady Grey tea (Twinings) is my go-to favourite.
Hi Christine, That's a perfect English Tea if we ever heard one! Sounds delicious!
Earl Grey has been my favorite for many years. My parents drank it almost daily and introduced me to it. When in England, Earl Grey was the "go to" tea of choice with butter cookies, scones and Watercress sandwiches on buttered bread! Odd? Not if you've tasted it! I use the tea bags simply because they are so convenient but I prefer brewed tea in a pre-warmed pot which is the proper way to have it.
Love Earl Gray! My daughter introduced me to "London Fog" Hot Earl Gray with cream and vanilla sugar. I am addicted! I make my vanilla sugar by placing a split vanilla bean in some sugar so it's ways ready! I like to froth the tea.
Love the aroma and flavor of Bergamot tea.Comforting and soothing after meals or if a digestive issue is at work.
Just a nice choice for a tea break with a few shortbread biscuits or scones.
Also in some body creams or lotions adds a nice scent and helps destress.
My favorite tea of all.
I have always thought Earl Grey tea reminded me of a cleaning product! It seems to taste the way some cleaning products smell. But, due to all of it's benefits I may need to reconsider.
I just love black/bergamot tea. We have tea form bergamot in Turkey ready to brew, quite strong tea but real one.
Hi Diane, a fresh leaf of bee balm infused with tea will produce a flavor of Earl Grey Tea. But it's not actually used in the tea making.
My mother, grandmother and I grew a plant we called Bee Balm. It has different colored pink and reddish blooms. The aroma that abounds if you mash a leaf smells just like bergamot and we were told the tea was made from them. Is that wrong? Or could it simply be a second source?
I always feel better after drinking a cup of Earl Grey tea. Bergamot essential oil is a favorite for my lava stone essential oil pendant – it makes me feel mentally strong and clear all day with just a quick smell.


text:
Q: MySQL - Increase Value by Percentage According to Average I have a table named instructor.
UPDATE instructor
SET salary=salary*1.05
where salary<(select avg(salary) from instructor)

A: could be you can't update table based  on a subselect for avoid this you should create dinmically a temp table based on subselect a refer to this
UPDATE instructor
SET salary=salary*1.05
where salary< (
      select t.my_avg
      from (
          select avg(salary) my_avg from instructor
      ) t
)

A: You cannot update a table and use it as a subselect within the same query. Doing so doesn't even make sense.
To accomplish your goal, you'll need to run two different queries. The first will be your subselect. The second query then updates the the table using the first query's result as a parameter.
Query 1:
select avg(salary) from instructor

Query 2:
UPDATE instructor
SET salary=salary*1.05
where salary < @avg_salary


The Camaraderie Quest team scavenger hunt is a brainy, challenging, high-tech adventure that is tailor-made to your group and location every single time. Participant groups are each assigned an iPad that gives them challenges to solve and items to discover. The groups use the iPads to record their successes on photos and video recordings. At the conclusion, the iPads are collected and each group is scored based on their results.
Our instructors organize a fun and funny slideshow for the group to view as the winners are crowned. Because every quest is custom designed for your location and every group uses their own creativity in the quest, no two adventures are the same!
Rather than just a team scavenger hunt, we design a custom race based on the history of the area that you choose for your location — this can be done as an outdoor event or at an indoor location like a resort or museum.
The custom course is composed of little know facts about the area, places that your group will need to take a picture of to prove they were there, and movies of the group completing fun tasks that add some comedy to the presentation at the end.
At the conclusion, each group receives a score based on the number of correct answers, the number of pictures that they bring back, and special bonuses for the most entertaining movies. It is a blast!
Optional: Add a philanthropic twist to the end of the team scavenger hunt! Every challenge solved on the event adds to a total monetary donation to Big Brothers/Big Sisters or Make-A-Wish to benefit children with special needs, or, for a more patriotic twist, a donation to soldiers is made to the USO.
High Energy Ice Beaker that divides your team into small groups and explains the ground rules.
High Tech Tools: Each team is given a iPad to access the clues and challenges and record their progress.
The groups access a series of clues and challenges via their personal iPad. Challenges are related to their own company, the history of the location in which the event is being held, and the area around them. It's like a combination of a race*, a walking tour, and a crossword puzzle. It's fun, high energy, and challenging (but everyone comes together at the end).
Debrief and Application Discussion: At the end of the event, the groups unite to view videos and slideshow of the event, and the final scores are revealed. The company receives a custom slideshow of the event to re-live the fun for posterity!
Kid Quest — Camaraderie Quest for Children's Charities: Items collected in the hunt are each worth a monetary value and as each task is completed, the monetary value of your cash donation increases step-by-step. At the conclusion of the event, the total value is donated to Big Brothers/Big Sisters, Make-A-Wish, a Children's Hospital, or a similar children's charity. This twist at the end leaves your group with a warm feeling that they were able to help a young person.
Hero Quest*: Items collected in the hunt are each worth a monetary value and as each task is completed, the monetary value of your cash donation increases step-by-step. At the conclusion of the event, the total value is donated to the USO or other charity to benefit soldiers who are deployed overseas. This patriotic twist is a great way to give back to those men and woman fighting for our freedom.
Camaraderie Quests are designed to fit a 2.5 hour time frame, which is composed of a short introduction, two 45-minute quests, and a 30-minute debrief and slideshow. However, this program can be shortened to a little under two hours by eliminating a single quest or extended to a half day, full day, or two day workshop by adding modules from the Creating a Team Culture activity. During each event, you'll engage both your minds and your bodies in solving the puzzles of teamwork and build great camaraderie.
Helpful Links: All Team Building Activities or Other Scavenger Hunts.


A credit counseling agency is sometimes sought out as an alternative to filing for bankruptcy. When you go to a credit counselor, you can expect them to review your financial situation and help you structure a plan to completely pay off your debt. A credit counseling agency will work to set up what's called a debt management plan that will deposit money into a separate account that is then used to pay your unsecured debts over a certain time frame.
The key to having a successful experience with a credit counseling agency is to first find a reputable one that doesn't charge excessive fees or have a track record of failed promises. You also want to avoid Credit Counseling agencies that want you to sign up for a debt management plan without giving you the other options to consider. A good Credit Counseling Agency will also have a strong background in working with creditors to reduce interest rates and wave fees, and therefore reducing your total debt load through negotiations.
When choosing a credit counseling agency, you want to avoid organization that charge any upfront fees for information. A good credit counseling agency will also give you a specific quote, offer any promises in writing, and should be licensed in your state if required. The U.S. Trustee keeps a list of approved credit counseling agencies as well, that will aid you in your research.
It's important to keep in mind that money you pay in fees to a credit counseling agency is money that could have gone towards paying down your debt, so you will want to make sure that you weigh all your options before signing up for a debt management plan with a credit counseling agency. You want to make sure that the option you choose is the most effective at paying back and/or eliminating debt. With this considered it's a great idea to do your research on credit counseling agencies and bring that information with you to meet with a Fort Worth bankruptcy attorney. Your bankruptcy lawyer may have information that can help you in your search or be able to recommend other debt relief options that are more effective.


WestEnd WiFi deploys boutique Wi-Fi, and Gigabit FTTP/WTTP, services to London's WestEnd estate owners. This can be as a managed service, as well as an infrastructure replacement.
The introduction of such technologies as Wave 2 ac and WiFi Offload, have radically changed the marketplace. We deliver these, and other emerging technologies, to unify and enhance disparate infrastructures like CCTV, broadband and consumer communications. Our clients invest in the future, not the obsolete.
Wi-Fi Offload, provides for visitors, contractors and the emergency services, to quickly receive a data connection without worrying about the cost, or compatibility, of their home network provider. At the same time, estates can engage with their visitors with splash pages, promotions and videos and provide personalised content.
Our work is based in the core of London. A great city needs great connectivity not only for today but for tomorrow.
Bringing the very best in WiFi services to our clients.
The journey for bespoke WiFi starts here; we offer our clients the full service of Design, Build, Operate and Maintain.
We can offer a complete WiFi solution. We start off with a site survey, and then design your network to your specific needs. We are approved by Friendly WiFi, which means all access to over-18 and illegal content is blocked. So your online experience is kept safe.
We can then build your network, ensuring a stable and secure connection. We can offer other services, such as Wireless CCTV cameras, or reports on analytics which show information such as estate hotspots.
We can maintain your networks, ensuring you get the best from them. We perform full security audits and all our of our support is UK-based. So you can have peace of mind.
We are committed to giving our clients the very best service, in providing internet connectivity.
With our experience in creating bespoke WiFi networks in the centre of London, we can provide the perfect solution for you.
We can provide you with a detailed quote for our work. As our projects are bespoke, then pricing will be based on an individual basis.
We thoroughly research your needs and do a detail site survey. This would include the number of access points needed, the hardware, installation and support.
We use Ruckus hardware for all our installations. We will supply, configure and install all the systems for our clients so they don't have to worry.
We offer a fully supported site for all our clients so any issues or problems are sorted as soon as possible.


PRICE REDUCED and your search is over! Perfect opportunity to own in this luxury gated community in Lake Forest with 24/7 Secure Guard! This immaculately maintained features 4 bedrooms 3 full bath and 3 car Garage with paver driveway and patio. This home has a new AC upscale barrel tile roof new water softener laundry room with sink custom 42 inches dark cherry cabinets granite counters new faucets new planation shutters and door knobs. This home has a beautiful split floor plan and overlooks the massive family room and perfect for entertaining. Lake Forest is one of Seminole County's top community and is known for it's tree-lined streets. The complex provides as infinite array of amnesties including a 10000 ft. clubhouse kayaking and canoeing. Easy access to I4/417 Colonial Town center Seminole Town center restaurants and top rated schools Call today for a private showing. The property may under audio/ visual surveillance.


text:
The Mighty Men Join David
1 Now these are the men who came to David at Ziklag, while he could not move about freely because of Saul the son of Kish. And they were among the mighty men who helped him in war. (1Sa 27:2)
(1Sa 27:2)
2 They were bowmen and could shoot arrows and sling stones with either the right or the left hand; they were Benjaminites, Saul's kinsmen. (Jud 3:15; Jud 20:16; 1Ch 12:29; 2Ch 17:17; Ps 78:9)
(Jud 3:15; Jud 20:16; 1Ch 12:29; 2Ch 17:17; Ps 78:9)
3 The chief was Ahiezer, then Joash, both sons of Shemaah of Gibeah; also Jeziel and Pelet, the sons of Azmaveth; Beracah, Jehu of Anathoth, (Jos 18:28; 1Ch 11:28; 1Ch 27:12)
(Jos 18:28; 1Ch 11:28; 1Ch 27:12)
4 Ishmaiah of Gibeon, a mighty man among the thirty and a leader over the thirty; Jeremiah,[1] Jahaziel, Johanan, Jozabad of Gederah, (Jos 9:3)
(Jos 9:3)
5 Eluzai,[2] Jerimoth, Bealiah, Shemariah, Shephatiah the Haruphite; 6 Elkanah, Isshiah, Azarel, Joezer, and Jashobeam, the Korahites; (1Ch 9:19)
(1Ch 9:19)
7 And Joelah and Zebadiah, the sons of Jeroham of Gedor. 8 From the Gadites there went over to David at the stronghold in the wilderness mighty and experienced warriors, expert with shield and spear, whose faces were like the faces of lions and who were swift as gazelles upon the mountains: (2Sa 2:18)
(2Sa 2:18)
9 Ezer the chief, Obadiah second, Eliab third, 10 Mishmannah fourth, Jeremiah fifth, 11 Attai sixth, Eliel seventh, 12 Johanan eighth, Elzabad ninth, 13 Jeremiah tenth, Machbannai eleventh. 14 These Gadites were officers of the army; the least was a match for a hundred men and the greatest for a thousand. (Le 26:8)
(Le 26:8)
15 These are the men who crossed the Jordan in the first month, when it was overflowing all its banks, and put to flight all those in the valleys, to the east and to the west. (Jos 3:15)
(Jos 3:15)
16 And some of the men of Benjamin and Judah came to the stronghold to David. 17 David went out to meet them and said to them, "If you have come to me in friendship to help me, my heart will be joined to you; but if to betray me to my adversaries, although there is no wrong in my hands, then may the God of our fathers see and rebuke you." 18 Then the Spirit clothed Amasai, chief of the thirty, and he said, "We are yours, O David, and with you, O son of Jesse! Peace, peace to you, and peace to your helpers! For your God helps you." Then David received them and made them officers of his troops. (Jud 3:10; 1Sa 25:6; 2Sa 17:25)
(Jud 3:10; 1Sa 25:6; 2Sa 17:25)
19 Some of the men of Manasseh deserted to David when he came with the Philistines for the battle against Saul. (Yet he did not help them, for the rulers of the Philistines took counsel and sent him away, saying, "At peril to our heads he will desert to his master Saul.") (1Sa 29:2; 1Sa 29:4)
(1Sa 29:2; 1Sa 29:4)
20 As he went to Ziklag, these men of Manasseh deserted to him: Adnah, Jozabad, Jediael, Michael, Jozabad, Elihu, and Zillethai, chiefs of thousands in Manasseh. 21 They helped David against the band of raiders, for they were all mighty men of valor and were commanders in the army. (1Sa 30:1)
22 For from day to day men came to David to help him, until there was a great army, like an army of God. 23 These are the numbers of the divisions of the armed troops who came to David in Hebron to turn the kingdom of Saul over to him, according to the word of the Lord. (1Sa 16:1; 1Sa 16:3; 2Sa 2:3; 2Sa 5:1; 1Ch 10:14; 1Ch 11:1; 1Ch 11:3; 1Ch 11:10)
(1Sa 16:1; 1Sa 16:3; 2Sa 2:3; 2Sa 5:1; 1Ch 10:14; 1Ch 11:1; 1Ch 11:3; 1Ch 11:10)
24 The men of Judah bearing shield and spear were 6,800 armed troops. 25 Of the Simeonites, mighty men of valor for war, 7,100. 26 Of the Levites 4,600. 27 The prince Jehoiada, of the house of Aaron, and with him 3,700. 28 Zadok, a young man mighty in valor, and twenty-two commanders from his own fathers' house. (2Sa 8:17; 1Ch 6:8)
(2Sa 8:17; 1Ch 6:8)
29 Of the Benjaminites, the kinsmen of Saul, 3,000, of whom the majority had to that point kept their allegiance to the house of Saul. (2Sa 2:8; 1Ch 12:2)
(2Sa 2:8; 1Ch 12:2)
30 Of the Ephraimites 20,800, mighty men of valor, famous men in their fathers' houses. 31 Of the half-tribe of Manasseh 18,000, who were expressly named to come and make David king. (Nu 1:17)
(Nu 1:17)
32 Of Issachar, men who had understanding of the times, to know what Israel ought to do, 200 chiefs, and all their kinsmen under their command. (Es 1:13)
(Es 1:13)
33 Of Zebulun 50,000 seasoned troops, equipped for battle with all the weapons of war, to help David[3] with singleness of purpose. (1Ch 12:36; 1Ch 12:38; Ps 12:2)
(1Ch 12:36; 1Ch 12:38; Ps 12:2)
34 Of Naphtali 1,000 commanders with whom were 37,000 men armed with shield and spear. 35 Of the Danites 28,600 men equipped for battle. 36 Of Asher 40,000 seasoned troops ready for battle. (2Sa 2:9; 1Ch 12:33)
(2Sa 2:9; 1Ch 12:33)
37 Of the Reubenites and Gadites and the half-tribe of Manasseh from beyond the Jordan, 120,000 men armed with all the weapons of war. 38 All these, men of war, arrayed in battle order, came to Hebron with a whole heart to make David king over all Israel. Likewise, all the rest of Israel were of a single mind to make David king. (1Ki 8:61; 1Ch 12:33)
(1Ki 8:61; 1Ch 12:33)
39 And they were there with David for three days, eating and drinking, for their brothers had made preparation for them. 40 And also their relatives, from as far as Issachar and Zebulun and Naphtali, came bringing food on donkeys and on camels and on mules and on oxen, abundant provisions of flour, cakes of figs, clusters of raisins, and wine and oil, oxen and sheep, for there was joy in Israel. (1Sa 25:18; 1Sa 30:12)
(1Sa 25:18; 1Sa 30:12)
The ESV® Bible (The Holy Bible, English Standard Version®) copyright ©2001 by Crossway Bibles, a publishing ministry of Good News Publishers. ESV® Text Edition: 2016. The ESV® text has been reproduced in cooperation with and by permission of Good News Publishers. Unauthorized reproduction of this publication is prohibited. All rights reserved.
The ESV® Bible (The Holy Bible, English Standard Version®) is adapted from the Revised Standard Version of the Bible, copyright Division of Christian Education of the National Council of the Churches of Christ in the U.S.A. All rights reserved.


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Comply with the CMS e-Notification Condition of Participation requirement by April 30, 2021
Countdown to Compliance:
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Whether you operate in a few or many states, and regardless of the number of hospitals per state, Audacious Inquiry will ensure 100% compliance with a single contract and SaaS-delivered service.
Operating in more than one state makes achieving full compliance with the CMS CoP rule an extra challenge for IDNs when you are not able to handle the last mile delivery of the notifications.
As a national leader in healthcare information interoperability, we provide one contract nationwide:
In states where your system is a member of an HIE, we can deliver directly to and in collaboration with the HIE.
In states where there is no compliant HIE, or your IDN is not a member, our CoP solution will handle compliant notification delivery all the way to the providers.
Ai is the leading encounter notification provider in the country; delivering over 30 million notifications per month to subscribers from over 20 percent of connected hospital beds across the country. Our many years of experience as data quality experts have taught us how to connect to any ADT data source. We have the flexibility to deliver notifications in a multitude of ways to providers and accountable care organizations to maximize workflow impact. Hospitals rely and trust in our technology and experience every day to deliver compliant notifications all over the country.
Ai is certified by the leading standards organization, Health Information Trust Alliance (HITRUST). Ai takes the privacy and security of the sensitive data entrusted to us very seriously. Cybersecurity threats are constantly evolving, so we work diligently to continuously improve and advance our privacy and security protocols to ensure the safety of our customers' information.
Why Audacious Inquiry?
Since 2012, Audacious Inquiry has supported ADT-based notifications to hospitals, providers, post-acute facilities, payers, state government, and public health agencies across the nation.
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CMS' CoP compliance is just one of the many capabilities we support.
Based on our vast experience in healthcare interoperability, our platform also supports:
Requests for clinical data sharing from payers to meet info blocking requirements
Discharge planning and coordination burden for hospitals
Enhanced alerts to affiliated providers including additional clinical data and lab results
Condition specific SmartAlerts to subscribing specialists
Transitional Care Management (TCM) reimbursement capture rate through timely discharge notifications
Network leakage analysis
"Ai has been a tremendous partner in finding ways to support GA Notify, but also GHA's overall data program and data strategy. CoP compliance is just another example of this."
-Bill Wylie, Sr. Vice President – Business Operations
"Audacious Inquiry's team has both the level of expertise in policy through their work with ONC and CMS, and the ability to deliver their technical solutions in a rapid, secure, and scalable way. ConnecTN runs on Ai's Encounter Notification Service; what started out as a voluntary extension of our data program has become a tool to satisfy state Medicaid requirements and now CMS' new CoP regulation."
-Bryan Metzger, Sr Vice President – Information Services
"I can be very confident that our members will meet CoP compliance because our partners at Audacious Inquiry are experts in the field, and they have supported our members with ADT-based notifications for the past eight years."
-Craig Behm, Maryland Executive Director
Fast Facts on the Condition of Participation
1. Rule was published in May 2020 and will be enforced as of April 30, 2021.
2. Requires hospitals to notify primary care physicians about their patient's hospital or ER admission.
3. Consistently sending encounter notifications to primary care physicians is a condition of participation in CMS reimbursement programs.
Condition of Participation Resources
At a time when data blocking among healthcare actors represents a significant challenge in the industry, Ai looks forward to the new ONC rules which should foster greater access to data and improved...
CMS' New Hospital Notification Rule: Validation of health information exchange and an opportunity to push further
Audacious Inquiry's Encounter Notification Service ensures compliance with the CoP requirement Since 2013, Ai has worked with you, our partners, to deliver real-time patient encounter...
ONC Cures Act Final Rule Summary
ONC's Cures Act Final Rule fosters innovation in healthcare to advance patients' control of their health records, promotes a modern app economy, and defines exceptions to information blocking. On...
CMS Interoperability and Patient Access Final Rule
CMS's final rule expands patient access to their health information and requires hospitals to alert community providers when one of their patients is admitted, transferred, or discharged. CMS under...
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6 Hua Hin Temples to Put on Your Bucket List – Our Guide
A trip to Thailand wouldn't be complete without visiting its cultural landmarks—and that includes its numerous temples! Replete with the country's culture and tradition, temples are a great way to acquaint yourself with the history of Thailand and its customs.
Many of the country's beloved temples are found in Hua Hin district, located in the Prachuap Khiri Khan province. Our resort in Hua Hin is strategically located so that these temples are a hassle-free visit—so get on board and experience the best that Thailand has to offer from one of the best hotels in the country. Are you ready to start exploring the culture hidden within Thailand's temples? Here are six Hua Hin temples you absolutely shouldn't miss:
Khao Takiab Temple
The temple, which is a thirty-minute drive from the Devasom Hua Hin Resort, is known for its massive statue of Buddha. It's approximately 20 meters or 65.6 feet tall—that's about the size of a 6-story building! It's right at the base of the hill, so you won't be able to miss it.
Khao Takiab is a quiet village, but there are lots of things to see in this quaint little town. It has restaurants by the seaside that are worth checking out and there are monkeys that live near the temple!
Wat Huay Mongkol
This temple is also a thirty-minute drive from our resort and is an extremely popular destination for visitors—especially Buddhist pilgrims! It is also home to Thailand's largest Buddha image of Luang Phor Tuad, which draws in thousands of visitors every weekend.
Sitting among several streams, waterfalls, pavilions, bridges, and a lake, the temple is a great place to spend time to relax, refocus, and simply enjoy. It also features many restaurants and shops that sell Buddhist amulets—ensuring that there's just about everything you need within the premises. We advise you to visit the temple during weekdays, however, when it's a bit less crowded.
Wat Khao Sanam Chai
This temple has gorgeous white buildings with artistic gold trimmings, which are made even more visually pleasing with the numerous bells and flags decorating its facade. It also features stunning panoramic views, which are especially breathtaking during sunsets. Many visitors flock to the temple at night for this reason.
Wat Bor Fai
Located along Khao Takiap–Hua Hin Road, the temple is situated around 5 kilometers north of Hua Hin. It is famous for its numerous ponds, in which sacred catfish swim. Visitors are free to feed the catfish after they donate a small sum to the monks.
Wat Khao Krai Lart
The temple, just 20 kilometers from the Devasom Hua Hin Resort, is located between two other temples on a mountain. You'll get a day's worth of exercise climbing the stairs to reach the temple, but the extraordinary panoramic views from the top make all that legwork worth it. The temple, but the extraordinary panoramic views from the top make all that legwork worth it. The temple has surrounding fish ponds and feeding the fish supposedly brings you good luck.
Wat Hua Hin
Last, but definitely not the least, this temple—also known as Wat Ampharam—is the most significant temple in Hua Hin. The temple, which doubles as a monastery, is situated in the middle of town and is more of a place of worship than a tourist destination. However, visitors are free to join the meditation sessions, which take place in the afternoon. The interior showcases murals that illustrate vignettes of Buddha's life, along with golden statues of his likeness.
Visiting temples is a fantastic way to immerse yourself in the Thai experience. Not only will you learn more about the culture, but you'll get to try a variety of food at the temple's restaurants while enjoying the scenery these temples have to offer. Whether on a mountaintop or land, you'll always see the beautiful Thai waters.
Devasom Hua Hin Resort is a luxury boutique beach resort in Hua Hin, Thailand. With pristine beaches and charming wooden bungalows, the serene atmosphere of our resort is the perfect place to relax and unwind. Thinking of making a visit? Get in touch with us and we'll make sure your booking is hassle-free!
3 Types of Fishing Trips To Enjoy in Hua Hin
Did you know that there's more to fishing than meets the eye? As John Buchan once said, "it is the pursuit of what is elusive but attainable, a perpetual series of occasions for hope."
Where to Go While on Holiday in Hua Hin
Whether you want to get away for the weekend or an entire week, Hua Hin is one of the best places. The serene waters and wide beaches are a haven for beachcombers and those looking to escape the city's bustle. Only a three-hour drive from Bangkok, Hua Hin is located in the southern Thai province of Prachuap Khiri Khan.
Color Me Curious, Exploring the Exotic Creativity and Culture in Hua Hin's Artist Village
People traveling to Hua Hin, Thailand often think it's synonymous with nature walks, beach trips, and long afternoons lounging under the gentle sun. While the verdant rolling hills, coconut trees lining the coastlines, and stunning beach towns make it one of the best summer holiday destinations, there are hidden gems that allow wistful travelers to see a new side of the island's deep culture.
7 Enchanting Places to Visit and Things to Do in Hua Hin
Hua Hin is the perfect escape for people whose idea of a dream beach vacation is some peace and quiet on the shore, not parties and nightlife. As the world starts to move to the new normal, there's no better time to get ahead of the crowd and visit this holiday destination fronting the Gulf of Thailand.
What You Can Expect on a Trip to Hua Hin Beach
Most of the world has spent a good portion of the year in quarantine, and Thailand is no exception. Recently, though, the government has eased up on domestic travel, giving locals and locally-based expats the chance to explore more of the country. Here is a closer look at Hua Hin Beach and what you can expect from a trip to this area today.
The Best Travel Options to Get to Hua Hin District
Located two and a half hours away from the hustle and bustle of Bangkok is a charming seaside resort city called Hua Hin.
The area used to be a quiet fishing village, but it has now developed into a beautiful seaside escape. Many locals and city folk flock to this district to spend a weekend to wind down and relax. Hua Hin is known not only for its beaches but also for its history that has been kept alive.
Why You Must Choose the Beach Over the Mountains
A typical ice breaker question you usually hear on dates, soirees, or friendly get-togethers is "Are you a beach or mountain person?" It's a great way to get to know someone's personality and maybe convince yourself to try another adventure.
5 Tips to Make the Most Out of Your Beach Yoga Session
What is that one thing you should never forget to do at the beach? Well, athletes will say swimming, and creative types will say building sandcastles! The more romantic people would say watching the sunset, while the foodies will say enjoying the BBQ!
3 Stunning Spots in Hua Hin, Thailand Your Kids Will Love
Thailand offers a slice of paradise to tourists and locals who want to explore nature and discover hidden treasures in a tropical oasis. Families find it's the best destination for the ultimate summer escapade, but it can be tricky to get lost in your adventure-filled itinerary with kids to think about.
3 Reasons You'll Enjoy a Day Trip to Hua Hin Floating Market
Thailand is popular among tourists from all over the world because of its great eats, temples, and pristine beaches. The country is made of gorgeous islands and islets, so you will never run out of great sights to see!
4 Reasons to Spend Your Holiday in Hua Hin
If you're looking for a unique holiday vacation in Thailand, Hua Hin is the best place to visit. Unlike the other parts of this welcoming country, Hua Hin represents a diverse culture. Once you visit and spend your holiday here, you'll wish it doesn't end.
Experiencing Coastal Hua Hin Through Bicycle Tours
When planning a vacation to Thailand, you may want to consider a trip to the amazing coastal district of Hua Hin. Just like any nature surrounded location, the best way to experience Hua Hin's natural beauty is on the ground, soaking in the serenity and peacefulness of the environment…
5 Activities to Enjoy When Exploring Hua Hin
Thailand, in general, is widely known for its diverse community and hospitable people. Hua Hin, in particular, is a town located in the southern part of the country and is known for its stunning beaches and cultures, which is why many people return here for their vacation. Though the COVID-19 pandemic has everyone restricted at home, you might already be thinking of places to visit once it is all over.
3 Reasons Going to the Beach is Healthy For Your Mind, Body and Soul
Living in the city can take its toll on the body, especially if you have a hectic schedule as stress from work, errands, and other responsibilities can build up over time. Once you feel like you're close to burning out, it's time to slow down and take a break in one of the most relaxing places on earth: the beach!
3 Activities to Do for Your Family Vacation in Hua Hin
Thailand is one of the most popular travel destinations that is visited by many travelers from around the world. It is also a perfect location for families because it offers one of the best vacation experiences you can find! If you're still looking for a place in Thailand, consider Hua Hin, which is a province that's packed full of fun and excitement for you and your family.
Exciting Things to Do in Hua Hin After the Pandemic
The COVID-19 pandemic has effectively put a stop on almost all of our travel plans. According to some experts, it may take quite a while for things to return to how they were pre-crisis, but that doesn't mean you can't daydream and plan things you want to after this whole thing is over.
How to Learn Kiteboarding When in Hua Hin
Kiteboarding, which is also known as kitesurfing, is a thrilling action sport that is increasingly becoming popular nowadays. It is a mixture of elements from wakeboarding, snowboarding, windsurfing, surfing, paragliding, and sailing.
7 Stunning Places Perfect for Sunrise-Watching in Hua Hin
Blessed with a rich history and natural beauty, Hua Hin is considered the country's most historical holiday destination and a rare gem in Thailand. This town boasts of picture-perfect white sandy beaches, fresh air, and most importantly, spectacular sunrises.
3 Fun-Filled Activities to Do in Hua Hin, Thailand – Our Traveler's Guide
Summer is officially knocking at everybody's doors, so if you're looking for a weekend escape from the hustle and bustle of Bangkok, Hua Hin is the perfect place to take it slow and unwind. It's the ideal destination for locals and tourists alike who want to experience a slice of tropical paradise within reach of the electric city, where tan lines, gastronomic delights, colorful night markets, and quiet beaches await.
A Guide to Exploring Hua Hin in 2020
When it comes to beaches, Thailand is atop many people's list of destinations. There's no shortage of beaches with stunning scenery in the country, so many tourists tend to flock to Thailand, especially during the summer. But if you're only in Thailand for a short period and restricted to only a few days to allot for beach days, a good choice would be to head to Hua Hin.
3 Tips to Choosing the Perfect Resort in Your Trip to Hua Hin, Thailand
Thailand is home to a wealth of colorful islands, all of which have distinct charms. Popular beach towns like Phuket, Khao Lak, Krabi, and Koh Samui offer different versions of a tropical paradise, but underrated names like Hua Hin is a sleeper hit that you can't miss out on your getaway trip to the Land of Smiles.
7 Underwater Photography Tips for a Stunning Experience
Imagine snorkeling and seeing all those hidden wonders underneath the water surface. It would certainly be nice if there's a way to capture the beauty of nature under the sea as you see it in real life, right? Know that the resolution of the human eyes is said to be at around 576 megapixels for each eye, and that is truly impressive in comparison to the best underwater cameras in the stores. However, there's no camera tech that could rise up to even half of that number just yet.
4 Tips to Help You Stay Healthy During Your Beach Vacation in Hua Hin
During your vacation, you may feel as if it is the best excuse to go out there and enjoy life. What do you end up forgetting on the way? Your health! That said, no one's going to enjoy anything if they become sick and unhealthy.
5 Activities to Do in Hua Hin to Make Your Stay Enjoyable
After working for months and years without a break, you might be feeling tired and burnt out. If you are looking for a break from the hustle and bustle of city life, then you should head on over to the city of Hua Hin in Thailand! The city offers strips of establishments for your shopping and food needs along with beautiful beaches and accommodations for a quick weekend getaway that will allow you to have an old-world feel experience.
4 Romantic Activities for Your Hua Hin Honeymoon Trip
Located three hours from Bangkok, Hua Hin is a place that offers tourists a chance to kick back and relax. This humble district lies in wait, especially for those looking to enjoy a romantic holiday experience.
3 Romantic Activities in Hua Hin, Thailand
Taking a trip to Hua Hin, Thailand will introduce you to the best of both worlds the island has to offer, where urban delights meet a tropical oasis. Set 200-kilometer shy of the south of Bangkok, Hua Hin is the go-to weekend escape for city residents and for tourists who want to explore paradise within reach of the electric city.
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