Does It Mean Anything That Donald Trump Signed the Republican Pledge?
What are the ramifications of Donald Trump signing the Republican pledge? Does it mean anything that he signed the pledge? originally appeared on Quora: The best answer to any question.
Deal people like Trump generally don't treat commitments as meaningful unless they are binding legal contracts.
He will see how the primaries go and make a decision at the end. If he doesn't get the nomination, he'll weigh his options and certainly will relish using the threat of a third-party run to gain some kind of advantage.
And if he does run as third-party candidate, what does it cost him to break the pledge he previously made? At that point, loyal Republicans will already be angry with him.
He will definitely run as a third party candidate if he thinks he has a shot. He will make up some reason for why his pledge shouldn't be binding (e.g., that the Republican Party or its candidates treated him unfairly during the primaries). And most of Trump's supporters won't care that he broke his pledge.
To be clear, he has to make the pledge now to get on the ballot in some primaries.
2016 U.S. Presidential Election: What are Donald Trump's political qualifications or achievements compared to Bernie Sanders?
Republican Party: Although Donald Trump is the Republican favorite among the people, will the Republican party actually give him the nomination?
Donald Trump 2016 Presidential Campaign: Would you vote for Donald Trump for President of the United States and why?


Shawn Achor, Sally Hogshead, and Daymond John will each hold a keynote at the International Spa Association (ISPA) Conference & Expo this fall, held Sept. 24-26 at the Phoenix Convention Center.
Shawn Achor will be the keynote speaker on the opening day of the conference. A Harvard graduate, Achor spent twelve years teaching at the university, and is a New York Times bestselling author of two books, The Happiness Advantage and Before Happiness. In his career, Anchor has become widely known for his expertise on the connection between happiness and success, and has worked with the Pentagon, over a third of Fortune 100 Companies, and the NFL among others in 51 countries.
Following Achor, Sally Hogshead will be the keynote speaker on the second day. At 24, Hogshead became the most awarded junior copywriter in the U.S. before she opened her own advertising agency. Hogshead founded Fascination Advantage, a communication evaluation that allows people to measure how others perceive them. The system's algorithm, made from research on over one million professionals, works to pinpoint a person's most valuable traits that make them different, which allows people to communicate better in a work setting.
"There will be no shortage of inspiration or takeaways during their keynotes," says ISPA president Lynne McNees of the keynote speakers.
The closing keynote will be held by motivational speaker Daymond John. John is the founder of FUBU, a sportswear brand that has grown into a $6 billion company, and has appeared on ABC's Shark Tank as one of the sharks. John is also a New York Times bestselling author of multiple books, including his latest release, Rise and Grind. The book profiles individuals at the top of their industry and what makes them successful.
Visit the ISPA conference website for more information on attending the conference.


What a great time we had the weekend before last at Art Journey Retreat. It was so good to do classes with such wonderful tutors and to spend time with some lovely like minded women.
My Friday class was Graffiti Bouquet with Traci Bautista. This was really hard for me, I was so far out of my comfort zone but I'm so glad I did take this class. I'm not use to using bright colours but I'm going to try to do so more in the future. We spent the morning making background paper using several different techniques and then in the afternoon we collaged using these papers. I don't like my bouquet picture but I'm happy with the way the girl is turning out; I still have a little to do on her yet.
On Saturday it was Atlered Ego with Misty Mawn. We did self portraits using gel transfers of ourselves and painting over them. Mine doesn't look anything like me, but it was fun doing it. I loved this class and will be practicing lots to try to improve my technique.
And Sunday it was Stone Soup with the wonderful Nina Bagley. Poor Nina had a dreadful cold virus thingy but soldiered on and did a fabulous job instructing us. I took workshops with Nina last year in Freemantle and couldn't miss the opportunity of doing another with her this time. My necklace isn't finished yet but I will get it done, I just need to search out a few interesting bits to add to it.
It was fantastic attending workshops with such great tutors and I thank them for their help and encouragement, they really were wonderful.
Your girl looks fantastic Kathy.


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Understanding what works is key to continuously improving your social media strategy and spend. Our social media marketing services offer helpful monthly snapshots of your social performance with recommendations for future activity and goals for improvement.


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Eddie Rivera sentenced to 141 years for Indio shootout
A 34-year-old felon was sentenced Friday to 141 years to life in prison for trying to kill an Indio police officer during a shootout in a shopping center parking lot in 2012.
Eddie Joseph Rivera of Indio was found guilty in a retrial last month of attempting to murder one of two police officers involved in the November 2012 shootout.
Rivera also was convicted of robbery, attempted robbery, being a felon in possession of a firearm and being a felon in possession of ammunition.
The judge stayed the sentences for possession of the gun and ammunition, but given Rivera had three prior strikes for serious felonies before the latest case, the court had little flexibility on the length of the prison term.
"We're pleased with the sentence," Deputy District Attorney Antonio E. Fimbres said. "The sentence was basically predetermined by the legislature.'"
Deputy Public Defender Naomi Coady declined to comment about the lengthy sentence.
Rivera did not make a statement before the sentence was read and no victims appeared for the hearing.
Rivera was arrested following the violent confrontation at a shopping center near Highway 111 and Madison Street with Indio police Sgt. Jeff Merritt and Officer Don Studdard. The officers returned fire and Merritt inflicted an "in-and-out" wound to the back of Rivera's neck that did not require hospitalization.
Merritt was not present for the sentencing hearing but the prosecutor said the officer also was pleased with the outcome of the case.
Four occupied vehicles were hit by stray rounds during the shootout, but no bystanders or officers were injured.
At the time of the shootout, officers wanted to question Rivera because he fit the description of a suspect in a recent robbery and attempted robbery.
Key to the prosecution's case was a videotaped police interview with Rivera, during which he admitted committing two recent robberies, being a methamphetamine addict who smoked the drug in the hours before the shootout and routinely carrying the Smith & Wesson .38 Special revolver he used in the shootout.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Published: Feb 27 at 6 a.m.
Like most of us, voters in Monday's three federal byelections don't know yet what to make of the Liberals' current ethical stew, so they ignored it and delivered the results expected of them.
The Conservatives easily won a safe Ontario seat. The Liberals brought a Quebec seat back into their traditional fold, and the leader of the NDP handily won a seat in B.C.
Canadians will finally get to take the full measure of NDP leader Jagmeet Singh in the House of Commons, a prospect that worries Liberals hardly at all despite the certain knowledge that their greatest political threat is a resurgent NDP.
That's because Singh's performance during the 16 months he's led the New Democrats has been, to be charitable, uneven. He's been at odds with the party's parliamentary caucus and at times he appeared poorly informed on key issues.
But his major handicap was his absence from Parliament and from regular interaction with his caucus. With that hurdle gone, Singh now has about eight months until the federal election to make or break his political future.
The Liberals tend to dismiss Singh as a political light-weight, but he is untested. Whether Singh will rise to the occasion or fall and take the NDP's electoral fortunes with him remains to be seen.
With the SNC-Lavalin affair, the Liberals may have handed both the Conservatives and the NDP a gift that keeps on giving.
Jody Wilson-Raybould will finally tell her story to the Commons' justice committee Wednesday and she's asked for and been given 30 minutes for an opening statement. She obviously has a good deal to say.
Canadians now know that, even after the director of public prosecutions determined that SNC-Lavalin would not be offered a deferred prosecution, discussions on the matter continued between senior officials in the Prime Minister's Office and then-Attorney General and Justice Minister Jody Wilson-Raybould.
Those discussions included the dire prospects for the company and its thousands of employees if Lavalin is convicted on corruption charges and banned from federal contracts for a decade.
SNC-Lavalin didn't get the sought-after deferral and in January, after Scott Brison's retirement forced a cabinet shuffle, Prime Minister Justin Trudeau moved Wilson-Raybould to Veteran's Affairs.
The Conservatives and New Democrats draw a straight line from what they claim was pressure on Wilson-Raybould to give SNC-Lavalin the deferral, her refusal to do so and her removal from the justice portfolio. She later resigned from cabinet after the prime minister seemed to suggest that her continued presence at the cabinet table was proof that nothing inappropriate had occurred.
Monday night, Trudeau's cabinet freed Wilson-Raybould from whatever limits cabinet confidentiality or solicitor-client privilege might have imposed on her, clearing the way for her appearance at the committee and, they hope, to start the process of putting the affair behind them.
The controversy has already cost the government two resignations — Wilson-Raybould and Trudeau's principal secretary Gerry Butts — and absent an unlikely exoneration from Wilson-Raybould, this controversy isn't going anywhere soon.
The spectre of the "boys" in the PMO pressuring and then demoting Wilson-Raybould, who attained higher national office than any aboriginal Canadian before her, won't sit well with the left-of-centre voters Trudeau attracted in 2015. Progressive voters disillusioned by the Liberals look next to the NDP.
The Liberals are in a virtual dead heat with Andrew Scheer's Conservatives in national polls. The Liberals are well ahead in Quebec and Atlantic Canada. The Conservatives have a similar lock on the Prairies. Ontario and British Columbia are battlegrounds.
A competitive NDP would cost the Liberals votes and seats, mostly by splitting the left-of-centre vote and handing seats to the Conservatives.
Singh, an Osgoode Hall-trained lawyer, has been on point with his statements on the SNC-Lavalin affair. He is now battle-hardened in a byelection that, for a time, seemed to be slipping away from him. He's honed his messages on affordable housing, universal drug coverage and investing in the green economy.
Unlike his predecessor Thomas Mulcair, who was supposed to be Canada's first NDP prime minister, Singh does not have to worry about meeting high expectations. His job is to pry his party's natural constituency away from Trudeau's Liberals.
If he gets that done, he'll likely survive to lead the NDP in more than one election, and in the process could cost the Liberals their majority, if not a second term in power.


We are regarded as noteworthy Dehydrated Ginger Powder Manufacturer, Exporter and Supplier in Mahuva, Gujarat. Our Dehydrated Ginger Powder makes dishes delicious to taste and brings original flavor to cuisines. We test quality of Dehydrated Ginger Powder before delivery to the customers. We can take up bulk orders of Dehydrated Ginger Powder.


Any club can apply for FA CS status, even a one-team club – provided the club is affiliated to Lancashire FA.
The criteria are challenging, but attainable for every club.
Once awarded, FA Charter Standard clubs are given an annual 'health check' to ensure the standards of provision are being maintained.
For more information please click here and download the Criteria document under Useful Resources, ensuring you get support from Lancashire FA to complete this process.
FA Charter Standard Criteria can be found in the latest FA Charter Standard Criteria document. Please click here and scroll down to the bottom of the page under Useful Resources to download it.
After achieving the entry level accreditation, clubs may have the ambition to apply for a higher level of accreditation within the FA Charter Standard programme.
With this comes an additional criterion highlighted within the criteria document.
Please seek support from Lancashire FA if you have such ambitions for your club as additional benefits are rewarded for reaching these levels of accreditation.
To apply, clubs must complete an application form and return it to Lancashire FA with the requested supporting evidence.
Please download the application form from the document list above.
Feedback will be obtained from the leagues that your club plays in, to ensure that your club displays the high levels expected of an FA Charter Standard Club.
The FA Charter Standard Working Party will provide feedback on each application, which will include an action plan and a recommendation.
If your club meets the criteria, we will forward your application to The FA for awarding. If your club does not meet the criteria, we will provide you with an action plan and advice.
The accreditation lasts for one season and will be renewed each year as part of the club re-affiliation process.
The accreditation awards can be withdrawn if a club has a poor disciplinary record or is unable to continue to meet the criteria.
Leagues interested in attaining the FA Charter Standard status should register their interest by completing the FA Charter Standard League registration form and sending it to John Treacy, our Football Development Officer leading on Leagues, at john.treacy@lancashirefa.com.
Once a league has registered, John Treacy or another member of Lancashire FA staff will contact the league to confirm how to access the resources and incentives for the programme and to arrange a meeting or invite the league to a workshop with other leagues.
The second step is to audit and assess the league against the FA Charter Standard criteria, then work with us on an action plan to achieving the criteria.
Once this criteria is achieved, we will approve FA Charter Standard status and organise the official plaque and other benefits.
We will then work with the league on continuous development and the health check.
FA Charter Standard League primarily offers leagues a process to raise standards within leagues and a practical means to deliver initiatives in line with the needs of member clubs. The base criteria ensures that clubs within these leagues are consistent in delivering Respect, have a minimum Level 1 qualified coach with every team (Mini Soccer and youth football only), and have a qualified first aider. However, for most leagues, this is just the foundation on which they then build significant positive change and initiatives through the implementation of a league development plan.
If you are looking to clarify your league's purpose, raise standards in your league and use the huge influence of your league to affect change at grassroots level - then FA Charter Standard League is for you.


text:
.class public LB27799205_5;
.super Ljava/lang/Object;

# A class with an unresolved array type should not fail hard (unless it's a primitive-type access).
# Make sure that merging is pro-active.

.method public static run()V
.registers 1
       return-void
.end method

# Use some non-resolvable non-array type.
.method public static test(Ldo/not/resolve/L;[Ldo/not/resolve/K;Z)V
.registers 6
       # Make v0, v1 and v2 null. We'll use v0 as a merge of the inputs, v1 as null, and v2 as 0.
       const v0, 0
       const v1, 0
       const v2, 0

       # Conditional jump so we have a merge point.
       if-eqz v5, :LabelSelectUnresolved

:LabelSelectResolved
       move-object v0, v3
       goto :LabelMerged

:LabelSelectUnresolved
       move-object v0, v4
       goto :LabelMerged

:LabelMerged
       # At this point, v0 should be Object.

       # Test aput-object: v0[v2] = v1. Should fail for v0 not being an array.
       aput-object v1, v0, v2

       return-void

.end method

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Diocesan Hierarchs visit St. Tikhon's Seminary
His Grace, The Right Reverend David, Bishop of Sitka and the Diocese of Alaska, and His Grace, The Right Reverend Paul, Bishop of Chicago and the Diocese of the Midwest, visited St. Tikhon's Seminary while attending the fall Holy Synod meeting that concluded on Friday, October 21st. His Grace Bishop David visited before the Holy Synod and returned after for several additional days. His Grace, Bishop Paul visited over the weekend following the Holy Synod meeting and remained into the early part of the following week.
During his visit, Bishop David visited his student, Reader Timothy Kolb, who traveled from Alaska with his wife Elisabeth in a Winnebago to begin the new school year after attending a vocations retreat in the Spring. Bishop David returned again after the Holy Synod meeting to further visit with members of the seminary community.
During his visit, Bishop Paul visited with his students from the Diocese of the Midwest here at the seminary. He also sat in on several classes.
Both hierarchs also met briefly with V. Rev. Steven Voytovich, Seminary Dean. Fr. Steven briefly related how important these archpastoral visitations are: "It is very important for our seminarians to see their respective hierarch come to visit and encourage them on their formation journey. The whole seminary community also greatly benefits from the opportunity to interact with our hierarchs."
Photos with Bishop David: Reader Timothy and Elisabeth are both in the first photo. In the second photo, Archbishop Michael, Seminary Rector, and Fr. Steven are with Bishop David and Reader Timothy just before class began.
Photo with Bishop Paul from left to right: Jonathan and Megan Lincoln, married earlier in October, making history as the first two St. Tikhon's students to be married at the seminary; Dn. Basil and Marina Ferguson, with their sons Elijah, Ephrem, and Gregory; Bishop Paul, Fr. Steven, Dn. Stephen Gresh; Dn. John and Michelle Kennerk, with Anthony (Inez not in photo).
Mission Choir Visits Ballston Lake, NY
St. Tikhon's Seminary Prepares for ATS Site Visit: Comments Invited (Updated)
Fr. Steven and Mission Choir Attend Diocesan General Assembly for the Diocese of the South
The V. Rev. John Kowalczyk Addresses the Antiochian Orthodox Archdiocesan National Convention
The Diocesan Diaconal Formation Programs in PA, NY and FL Are Now Accepting Applicants for the 2013-2014 Academic Year


Hollywood sign is a prominent landmark in Hollywood hills, Los Angeles, you can saw it from far away. It actually created as an advertisement for a housing development called Hollywoodland but later on changed to Hollywood and become iconic to filming industry.
Last month I went there for hiking with a group of friends, it took us about 2 hours ++, with the spring chilling air it's indeed a good day for hiking. There is a lot of people hiking , jogging or horse riding there. From the lush green surrounding we able to saw Downtown LA, Griffith observatory and housing around Hollywood hills. It's a good place to hiking during winter and spring. I don't think hiking there during summer is a good idea since there is not much shade.
Pohli what you doing down there?


Clinton email server hit in cyber attacks from Russians, other hackers - Flash//CRITIC Cyber Threat News. | Flash//CRITIC Cyber Threat News.
Hackers from Russia attempted to break in to Hillary Clinton's private email server although the cyber intrusions did not appear to be successful, according to FBI documents made public Monday.
FBI investigators issued a qualified assessment of whether foreign hackers broke into the email server, stating in the heavily redacted report that it could not confirm evidence of foreign hacking.
The FBI concluded that the unsecure email system was "potentially vulnerable to compromise" and was frequently attacked by unknown foreign hackers, according to part one of a four-part report.


Where is Dolmen de Busnela in Spain?
Dolmen de Busnela is situated in the region Castilla y Leon in Spain!
Here you will find the location of Dolmen de Busnela on a map.
All places in the world called Dolmen de Busnela.
Where is Dolmen de Busnela on the map?
Where is Dolmen de Busnela relative to other places?
Top 10 cities in Castilla y Leon and distance from Dolmen de Busnela.
Top 10 cities in Spain and distance from Dolmen de Busnela.


text:
Home News & Analysis Spain's BBVA pension allocates to PE and RE for first time
Spain's BBVA pension allocates to PE and RE for first time
The employee pension of Spain's second largest bank will start investing 5 percent of its €2.1bn pension fund in alternative assets.
Zoe Hughes
BBVA, Spain's second largest bank after Santander, is to invest five percent of its employee pension fund in private equity and real estate, a bank spokesperson told PERE.
This marks a portfolio shift for Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria (BBVA), which has assets of €2.1 billion ($3.2 billion) representing more than 41,000 participants.
A spokeswoman for BBVA, whose pension fund assets are managed by BBVA Gestion de Activos, confirmed the change of direction for the bank to private equity and real estate. The bank would also consider hedge fund investments, she said. The allocation shift is expected to come at the expense of the bank's fixed interest holdings.
LP Tearsheet 2 hours ago


The other day I was at a professional event.
You expect to see phones when you're in a room full of people who are paid to communicate, but I was distracted close to the beginning of the event by a man who was slouched in his seat playing on his iPhone.
Then, he started taking pictures of the speaker… and emailing them. I know this not because I was sitting there staring at him, but because the sound on his phone was on. Cue shutter sound *click* then the *swish* of an email being sent. Then *ding* the sound of email being received.
I think he was sending the photos to himself. This continued throughout the presentation.
How old do you think this man was?
I judged the suit-clad disruptor to be in his mid-sixties. About the age of the typical person complaining about cellphone use during presentations.
…. and I was worried that people would judge me for my OmniPod beeping (no one noticed).
Maybe there's still a lot of student in me, but I keep my phone on vibrate sitting on my desk. That way I'll know if I get a call but won't disrupt those around me (although I'm fairly certain that since my office is tucked in the back corner of our floor, no one would hear it anyway). We were trained as students to keep our phones silent in class and during important events.
This entry was posted in My Life, Technobabble and tagged Conversation, Life online, Student issues, Technology and Communication by Rachel. Bookmark the permalink.
I never want to be the one whose phone goes off after the "please silence your cell phones" announcement! Taking pictures & emailing them is one thing. But dude, there is a silent option! Some people are just oblivious I guess.
I hate it when people don't silence their phones! We have a number of people in our office who don't, and their ring tones are quite obnoxious.
Aside from that I sat behind someone in a meeting who blatantly had his phone out on the table, surfing the net, timing our boss (who had promised to make it under an hour), checking his personal email, etc etc. Then he said something about how he "didn't want people to get the wrong impression" of him when he was out of the office when they were looking for him one day. Too late.


text:
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Blog > Gaming > How to Play 40K: Overview of the Game (The Basics)
How to Play 40K: Overview of the Game (The Basics)
by Thor
Tags:Warhammer 40K
If you've stumbled upon this then you're probably considering getting into the game Warhammer 40K, or you're a new player. However, if you're just curious what 40K is then I have you covered there as well.
I wanted to explain the game a bit to help you decide if it's the right game for you. I don't mean that in any sort of elitist way either. Simply that not all games are for every person, and it comes down to time, money, and what you want out of a gaming system.
I'm also not going to over-explain here either. Odds are that you already know a bit about the game if you're reading this.
Note: Throughout the series you will see reference to codex/index. When 8th first released we only had indexes for our armies. As time goes on, Games Workshop is releasing proper codices for each army. However, indexes remain a valid source material as well.
1) 40K is, First and Foremost, a Hobby
2) Warhammer 40K is not Cheap
3) The Learning Curve
4) How the Game Plays
4.1) Army Composition
4.2) Game Length
5) The 40K Universe/Setting
6) Summary
40K is, First and Foremost, a Hobby
Me working on my blending technique at a painting clinic.
This is a contentious point with some people, but ultimately Warhammer 40K is a hobby. There are games that are cheaper, with tighter rules that are easier to learn, and faster to play. There is not, in my opinion, another game that is so hobby focused, barring maybe historical wargames.
If you do not enjoy modeling (converting, sculpting, building), and painting then 40K may not be the best fit for you. You are going to do a lot of hobby work to get your army on the table.
If the hobby is just a means to an end for you then 40K will be a short-lived venture. The people who stick with the game, and have played it since its inception, are those who have embraced all elements of the game.
Those who only enjoy 40K for the game, and not the hobby, are the people I see enter and leave the game just as quick.
Warhammer 40K is not Cheap
I will not tell you that 40K is a cheap affordable gaming system. To give a quick idea of cost, the core rules for the game will cost you $70 new from Games Workshop. The rulebook explains the background, and history of the game, as well as giving you the rules required to play.
However, you can get the core rules of the game for free. These don't contain anything but what's required to play.
If you buy the rulebook, it's a hefty investment up front. You can always hit up eBay to find just the rule book cheaper, take a look at Amazon, or buy it digitally for $50 if that's your preference.
Other than the rules, you also have to buy the codex/index for your army to get those rules. A codex/index will run you around $25 for a physical copy, or $20 digitally.
Then you have to buy the models for your army, and it all adds up quickly.
I actually did an article about how expensive Warhammer 40K is if you're looking for a dollar amount. To counter that article, I also have one on ways to save money on 40K also.
I'm not trying to scare anyone off. There are few hobbies that are cheap. There are also more affordable games to get into.
I emphasized get into because I find even those games that have little upfront costs will still cost you a fair amount in the long run as you build up your collection. Those games are generally still cheaper, but not as much as you may think.
There will always be expenses in a gaming system. There's new rules, new models, etc., but at some point you will have a good-sized collection, and the expenses trail off. At this point I really only buy the new rules, and a few new units here and there. My expenses are pretty minimal.
Lastly, eBay is an amazing resource for new 40K players. Because it's such a popular game you will find a lot of auctions for almost anything you need. When you're starting off, and need everything, you can't go wrong with eBay. It will really minimize your costs.
The game of Warhammer 40K used to be very complicated. In previous editions of the game, it was common for the core rules of the game to be 100+ pages.
However, in the latest edition of the game (8th), the rules have become very simplified. In fact, the core rules for the game are only 8 pages in length. Yep, just 8 pages.
So, anyone can pick up the rules for the game and pretty quickly learn how the game works. Think of it like Chess, simple rules that are easy to learn, but takes a lifetime to master them.
How the Game Plays
Warhammer 40K is what I consider a squad based combat game. I don't know if there's some official term that's used, but that's how I refer to it.
By contrast, games like Warmachine/Hordes, Malifaux, and Infinity are skirmish games. A skirmish game focuses on less models in a looser format, each man/woman for them self.
What I call a squad based game focuses on units of models (squads), that form up into a single army. Instead of having 10 models running around on their own you will have, for example, 8 squads of 10 models running around.
The focus being more on the army composition, and less on individual model choices.
A game of 40K is played by one player performing all his/her actions, and then the next player doing the same. After both players have had their turn, you then proceed to the next game turn.
The game does have less interaction in your opponent's turn than other games. A lot of newer skirmish games have a lot of interactivity in all phases of a turn for both players.
This isn't so much the case with 40K; it's a more traditional approach to player turns.
Army Composition
The general game-play of 40K is very tactical in nature. In order to win a game you really have to have a good command of your entire army, and have all the components work well together. You are not relying on a single model to win the day for you.
There is a lot of strategy involved in creating your army. Where other games will let you choose the models/units that go into your army, 40K will give you further options within that.
Models and units are not stuck with a set of weapons. Instead you will have a lot of options and choices to make, allowing you to customize and refine how a model/unit operates in a game.
When you take this level of customization, and extend it across the entire army, it allows for countless ways to play any single army. Few other tabletop wargames give you this level of strategy with army creation.
Games of WH40K are generally pretty quick. Two relatively inexperienced players can play a game in a few hours. I know that sounds long, but that's two new players, which isn't bad considering. Two experienced players can play a game in an hour or less depending on the game size.
As noted prior, it doesn't have the same back and forth that other games have, so there can be lulls for a player, but I don't find it overly much to the point you find yourself bored waiting.
The 40K Universe/Setting
Warhammer 40K is 30 years old, and has an amazingly rich and deep history. The history of the game is pretty universally agreed upon as being one of the best there is. There is a lot that sets the stage for 40K, and the narrative of the game is amazing. Each army has its own history and story, and those are also very well done.
If there's one thing that the game does very well it's that it pulls you into the setting, and places you in the battle through the eyes of someone there.
A defining moment in 40K history that changed the universe forever.
For me it's the background of the game that really captivates me. It moves 40K from just being a game to a living piece of fiction. These armies waging war aren't just fighting for the sake of bloodshed (though some do!), but for survival and dominance. There is cause for war, and nobody really holds the moral high ground in this universe. Some may feel their cause is just, and that they represent "good", but the reality is the good are just as cruel as those they oppose.
I just wanted to hit some high points in this first part of the series. This article is by no means meant to be conclusive.
In short, I would describe Warhammer 40K like this. It's a strategic wargame focusing on squad based combat in a very in-depth sci-fi setting that plays out in a very cinematic manner.
It's not the most balanced game, the cheapest game, or fastest game to play, but it's an extremely rewarding game that's easy to embrace, and you will find yourself coming away from games with stories you will tell 20 years later.
From here I will dive into choosing your first army, and hopefully walk you through the process of learning to play Warhammer 40K.
Founder at Creative Twilight
I have been in the miniature hobby since 2006 when some friends introduced me to Warhammer 40K. I'm a huge fan of Blood Bowl and I have an endless collection of teams for it.
I love painting miniatures and teaching people how to paint. I also really love blogging, so I've combined those two passions here.
Latest posts by Thor (see all)
The Year That Was 2020 and Where I've Been - January 17, 2021
Top 5 Reasons Why Most People Fail at Miniature Painting - July 6, 2020
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Warhammer 40K Rulebook and Learning How to Play the Game
How to Play Your First Game of Warhammer 40K – The Essentials
Warhammer 30K (Horus Heresy) Rulebooks You Need to Play the Game
Embrace the Hobby of Warhammer 40K (Learning to Play)
What is Warhammer 40K? The Exciting Game You'll Love
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I think this will serve as a good primer for anyone getting into the hobby to be honest and I think I might send the link onto a couple of folks actually.
Reply to Rory
My goal is to give a resource for new players. There's a lot to the game when you're new to it and it can be overwhelming. I'm going to break it down into manageable chunks and give guidelines on how to approach things like choosing an army (next article in the series), learning the rules, etc. It's going to be lengthy but should prove useful.
Reply to Thor
Well fair play to you on that man. I will keep reading them as i slowly bring my army together.
I wonder will I have my army ready by the time you are finished writing them.
Great stuff Thor. I wish there was something like this when I came back to the hobby. It is also good to remind people it really is a hobby, not just a game. Your point to the effect is very valid :)
Reply to NafNaf
Yeah, I wished there was something like this when I was starting too. I got into a good forum at the time though and had some close friends who played, so I didn't have it too bad. Nowadays though, there's so much negativity out there that it's hard to find some positive information.
It's a hobby for sure. People might find better games but as a hobby it's second to none.
Great article and great article series idea. If I might recommend a tips/model building ideas I wish I had known when I started i would have ended up saving a lot of money and time down the road.
Build squads and magnetize options. Don't build out desperate guys for each option you might want. Instead magnetize those options onto the guys who can take them but build just the squad size of guys. (Example for space marines I was so excited to get all the diffrent Sargent options into guys I built about 13 different sergeants while only having enough guys for two tactical squads. Instead if I had magnetized 3 sergeants I could have had 3 tactical squads. Less money spent and less guys to paint when I want to change up the list.)
Reply to Berman
I definitely plan to cover some hobby stuff in the third article about building an army. Magnets are a life saver and I will certainly be putting that in there.
greggles
Also pinning…pinning means you can remove stuff later for repainting or rebasing without destroying swathes of models. The big thing in this hobby is that it is expensive…but it is REALLY expensive if you don't properly prep your models!
Reply to greggles
If I ever need to be able to remove something it gets magnets. I use pinning for stability but not for swapping or removal. Are you just gluing in the pin on one surface and relying on friction to hold it in place on the other side?
I generally pin to the base, so i either glue in one direction, or let friction hold it. If its something with a torso to leg setup, Usually friction can hold it. Of course remove enough times, and its not so useful. (magnets would be better there).
But for example, right now with my dread army…the entire dread mob is pinned to their bases. So I can pop them off when I'm ready to work more on them.
If it's temporary, sure. Working on a model and needing to be able to field it, that makes sense. I'm going to be doing the same with my Steed of Slaanesh. However, once it's all done then it gets glued down. Still, good point and I'll mention pinning as well.
I'm not planning on the series covering the hobby in any real depth. I do want to give some tips and advice though. As you know, hobbying isn't a small topic. I do want to get some tutorials up ahead of time though to point people towards them for the more in depth elements. I will also point people at tutorials of other bloggers and hobby resources. Basically, have the series serve as a resource.
Ya, once you are done, I'd pin AND glue. But being smart with your setup of pins will keep everything in place very tightly. (example on my bikes, one pin is offset from the other, so it creates a horizontal tension along with friction to hold them in)
I saw the initial post on FB Thor and it's really informative and in bad need of editing. I do think it will be a great tool for those considering 40k for the first time.
Reply to Shawn
Bad need of editing how? You talking grammar, structure, general content, etc?
Sorry, I should have been more specific. The grammar is in bad shape. The structure is good Thor, but will be better with better grammar. The general content, from what I can tell, is quite good, but it does seem to jump around a bit. If you like, we can chat on Facebook sometime and we can discuss it. I think the viewers you are trying to reach will take you more serious if your work is in better shape.
I have gone through and made edits since our conversation this morning. No doubt it's not 100% correct, but it should at least be an improvement. Thanks again for all the help with this.
Let me take a look then ;)
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South America is the fourth largest continent in terms of land mass and the fifth largest in terms of population. Most of it lies below the equator and a swift observation of a map reveals that it once separated off from Africa. Its Latin American culture was brought in via the Spanish conquistadors who conquered the indigenous Indian populations and their cultures.
The slave trade with Africa also brought foreign cultures to the shores of South and Central America, and they are quite visible in many places today. The ancient cultures – Incan and Mayan – left remnants and ruins that we meet on our tours. The jewel in the crown of any tour to South America is the lost city/citadel of Machu Picchu in Peru.
South America is famous for its carnivals, its frenetic beat, its soccer and the feeling of 'anything goes.' It is rich in natural resources – unmatched anywhere else in the world. Everlasting and ever-renewing rain forests, mighty rivers that burst their banks every so often and flood huge swaths of land, only to rescind again and reveal fertilized plains. A plethora of curious-looking animals, some of which live only on tree tops in the Amazon basin. A multiplicity of colors that can only be imagined. Millions of visitors to South and Central America return to it time and time again, because you simply cannot fathom it all in one trip.


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Q: geocode adresses in R: grep() lookup world.cities dataset I am trying to geocode some addresses stored in character vectors. I've used the geocode() function in ggmaps; however, it only classified about 50% of my addresses. I was hoping to use a more rudimentary approach looking up whether the city name (from the world.cities data in the maps package is in my list of addresses, and if so, taking the longitude and latitude info from this lookup table. I'll try to clean up the returned file, and complement it with the other geocoding approaches (calls to various external API's) that R provides. What I've coded thus far is below:
places <- c("Atlanta,Georgia", "My house, Paris, France", "Some Other House, Paris, Ontario, Canada", "Paris", "Oxford", "Oxford, USA")

library(maps)
data(world.cities)
ddd <- world.cities[world.cities$name %in% c("Paris","Oxford","New York"),]

is.integer0 <- function(x) {
is.integer(x) && length(x) == 0L
}

for (i in 1:length(places)) {
  for (j in 1:dim(ddd)[1]) {
  k <- ddd$name[j]
    if (is.integer0(grep(k,places[i],perl=TRUE))==TRUE) next
      if (exists("zzz")==FALSE) {
        zzz <- cbind(places[i],ddd[j,1:5])
      } else {
        zzz <- rbind(zzz,cbind(places[i],ddd[j,1:5]))
      }
  }
}

The output is what I want (I will subjectively clean it later). My problem is that my real data is about 8000 addresses and the world.cities data is about 40000+ cities, so the double for loop approach is a bit slow. As with other tasks in R I suppose this could be vectorized with some member of the apply family. I'm having trouble wrapping my head on how to do it. Any thoughts?
### Output
                                      places[i]   name country.etc     pop    lat  long
28245                   My house, Paris, France  Paris      Canada   10570  43.20  0.38
28246                   My house, Paris, France  Paris      France 2141839  48.86   2.34
282451 Some Other House, Paris, Ontario, Canada  Paris      Canada   10570  43.20 -80.38
282461 Some Other House, Paris, Ontario, Canada  Paris      France 2141839  48.86   2.34
282452                                    Paris  Paris      Canada   10570  43.20 -80.38
282462                                    Paris  Paris      France 2141839  48.86   2.34
27671                                    Oxford Oxford      Canada    1271  45.73 -63.87
27672                                    Oxford Oxford New Zealand    1816 -43.30 172.18
27673                                    Oxford Oxford          UK  157568  51.76  -1.26
276711                              Oxford, USA Oxford      Canada    1271  45.73 -63.87
276721                              Oxford, USA Oxford New Zealand    1816 -43.30 172.18
276731                              Oxford, USA Oxford          UK  157568  51.76  -1.26

After some further data cleaning I would really want:
### Output
                                      places[i]   name country.etc     pop    lat  long
 28246                   My house, Paris, France  Paris      France 2141839  48.86   2.34
282451 Some Other House, Paris, Ontario, Canada  Paris      Canada   10570  43.20 -80.38
282462                                    Paris  Paris      France 2141839  48.86   2.34
27673                                    Oxford Oxford          UK  157568  51.76  -1.26
276731                              Oxford, USA Oxford          NA       NA    NA  NA
                               Atlanta, Georgia     NA          NA       NA    NA  NA

Basically, the logic is:

*

*If country also matches places string the keep that row. Paris, France and Paris, Canada examples.

*If places string contains a single word, then guess they are referring to city with largest population. So default Paris to Paris, France and Oxford to Oxford UK. Since it is hard to geocode a non-unique address.

*If places string contains more than a single word but Country does not match any of these other words, like Oxford, USA. Then make everything except city NA. Here I will try my luck with geocode() and other services to get better information.

*If the places address was never in the lookup dictionary add it, and then try to fill in everything (really I only want long/lat) using geocode() etc. Thats the Atlanta Georgia example.

Thoughts on the approach in general and how to do better in R? As mentioned above the impetus for this approach was to see if I could complement what I already get (50% geocoded addresses with the geocode() function)

A: This makes the city extraction more generic (uses string regex matching) and then does a merge with the world.cities data:
places_dat <- cbind(places, Reduce(rbind,
                lapply(str_match_all(places, ",*\ *([[:alpha:]]+)\ *,\ *([[:alpha:]]+)\ *$"),
                  function(x) {

  if (length(x) == 0) {
    return(data.frame(city=NA, state=NA))
  } else {
    return(data.frame(city=x[,2], state=x[,3]))
  }

})))

places_dat

##                                     places    city   state
## 1                          Atlanta,Georgia Atlanta Georgia
## 2                  My house, Paris, France   Paris  France
## 3 Some Other House, Paris, Ontario, Canada Ontario  Canada
## 4                                    Paris    <NA>    <NA>
## 5                                   Oxford    <NA>    <NA>
## 6                              Oxford, USA  Oxford     USA
##

merge(places_dat, world.cities, by.x="city", by.y="name", all.x=TRUE)

##      city                                   places   state country.etc     pop    lat    long capital
## 1 Atlanta                          Atlanta,Georgia Georgia         USA  424096  33.76  -84.42       0
## 2   Paris                  My house, Paris, France  France      France 2141839  48.86    2.34       1
## 3   Paris                  My house, Paris, France  France      Canada   10570  43.20  -80.38       0
## 4 Ontario Some Other House, Paris, Ontario, Canada  Canada         USA  175805  34.05 -117.61       0
## 5  Oxford                              Oxford, USA     USA      Canada    1271  45.73  -63.87       0
## 6  Oxford                              Oxford, USA     USA New Zealand    1816 -43.30  172.18       0
## 7  Oxford                              Oxford, USA     USA          UK  157568  51.76   -1.26       0
## 8    <NA>                                    Paris    <NA>        <NA>      NA     NA      NA      NA
## 9    <NA>                                   Oxford    <NA>        <NA>      NA     NA      NA      NA

It still requires some sifting (perhaps complete.cases as one step) but it gets you further and should be a bit faster.

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text:
Termin -{genetička varijanta}- ima više značenja.
 Jednonukleotidni polimorfizam (SNP), u slučaju uobičajenih genetičkih varijanti
 Mutacija, u slučaju retkih genetičkih varijanti
 Varijacija broja kopiranja

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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