text:
package org.mifos.framework.persistence;

import java.net.URL;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import org.mifos.accounts.business.AddAccountAction;
import org.mifos.accounts.business.AddAccountStateFlag;
import org.mifos.accounts.business.AddFinancialAction;
import org.mifos.accounts.financial.util.helpers.FinancialActionConstants;
import org.mifos.accounts.productdefinition.business.AddInterestCalcRule;
import org.mifos.accounts.productdefinition.util.helpers.InterestType;
import org.mifos.accounts.productsmix.persistence.Upgrade127;
import org.mifos.accounts.util.helpers.AccountActionTypes;
import org.mifos.accounts.util.helpers.AccountStateFlag;
import org.mifos.application.holiday.persistence.Upgrade104;
import org.mifos.application.master.persistence.Upgrade155;
import org.mifos.application.master.persistence.Upgrade167;
import org.mifos.application.master.persistence.Upgrade169;
import org.mifos.application.master.persistence.Upgrade173;
import org.mifos.application.master.persistence.Upgrade176;
import org.mifos.application.master.persistence.Upgrade183;
import org.mifos.application.master.persistence.Upgrade198;
import org.mifos.application.master.persistence.Upgrade208;
import org.mifos.application.master.persistence.Upgrade209;
import org.mifos.application.master.persistence.Upgrade211;
import org.mifos.application.master.persistence.Upgrade213;
import org.mifos.application.master.persistence.Upgrade223;
import org.mifos.application.master.persistence.Upgrade225;
import org.mifos.application.master.persistence.Upgrade237;
import org.mifos.application.master.persistence.Upgrade238;
import org.mifos.application.master.persistence.Upgrade240;
import org.mifos.application.util.helpers.EntityType;
import org.mifos.framework.components.fieldConfiguration.business.AddField;
import org.mifos.framework.hibernate.helper.StaticHibernateUtil;
import org.mifos.reports.business.ReportsCategoryBO;
import org.mifos.reports.persistence.AddReport;
import org.mifos.security.AddActivity;
import org.mifos.security.util.SecurityConstants;

public class DatabaseVersionPersistence {

    public static final int APPLICATION_VERSION = 240;
    public static final int FIRST_NUMBERED_VERSION = 100;
    public static final int LATEST_CHECKPOINT_VERSION = 212;
    private final Connection connection;
    private final Map<Integer, Upgrade> registeredUpgrades;

    public static void register(Map<Integer, Upgrade> register, Upgrade upgrade) {
        int higherVersion = upgrade.higherVersion();
        if (register.containsKey(higherVersion)) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("already have an upgrade to " + higherVersion);
        }
        register.put(higherVersion, upgrade);
    }

    public static final short ENGLISH_LOCALE = 1;

    public static Map<Integer, Upgrade> masterRegister() {
        Map<Integer, Upgrade> register = new HashMap<Integer, Upgrade>();
        register101(register);
        register102(register);
        register103(register);
        register(register, new Upgrade104());
        register106(register);
        register115(register);
        register117(register);
        register118(register);
        register119(register);
        register120(register);
        register123(register);
        register124(register);
        register126(register);
        register(register, new Upgrade127());
        register130(register);
        register136(register);
        register141(register);
        register142(register);
        register143(register);
        register144(register);
        register145(register);
        register146(register);
        register(register, new Upgrade155());
        register(register, new Upgrade167());
        register(register, new Upgrade169());
        register170(register);
        register(register, new Upgrade173());
        register175(register);
        register(register, new Upgrade176());
        register179(register);
        register(register, new Upgrade183());
        register185(register);
        register187(register);
        register195(register);
        register(register, new Upgrade198());
        register203(register);
        register204(register);
        register(register, new Upgrade208());
        register(register, new Upgrade209());
        register(register, new Upgrade211());
        register(register, new Upgrade213());
        register216(register);
        register(register, new Upgrade223());
        register(register, new Upgrade225());
        register236(register);
        register(register, new Upgrade237());
        register(register, new Upgrade238());
        register(register, new Upgrade240());
        return Collections.unmodifiableMap(register);
    }

    private static void register101(Map<Integer, Upgrade> register) {
        register(register, new AddActivity(101, SecurityConstants.CAN_CREATE_MULTIPLE_LOAN_ACCOUNTS,
                SecurityConstants.BULK, ENGLISH_LOCALE, "Can create multiple Loan accounts"));
    }

    private static void register102(Map<Integer, Upgrade> register) {
        register(register, new CompositeUpgrade(new AddActivity(102, SecurityConstants.CAN_REVERSE_LOAN_DISBURSAL,
                SecurityConstants.LOAN_MANAGEMENT, ENGLISH_LOCALE, "Can reverse Loan disbursals"),
                new AddAccountStateFlag(102, AccountStateFlag.LOAN_REVERSAL.getValue(), "Loan reversal",
                        ENGLISH_LOCALE, "Loan reversal"), new AddAccountAction(102, AccountActionTypes.LOAN_REVERSAL
                        .getValue(), ENGLISH_LOCALE, "Loan Reversal"), new AddAccountAction(102,
                        AccountActionTypes.LOAN_DISBURSAL_AMOUNT_REVERSAL.getValue(), ENGLISH_LOCALE,
                        "Disrbursal amount Reversal")));
    }

    private static void register103(Map<Integer, Upgrade> register) {
        register(register, new CompositeUpgrade(new AddActivity(103, SecurityConstants.CONFIGURATION_MANAGEMENT, null,
                ENGLISH_LOCALE, "Configuration Management"), new AddActivity(103, SecurityConstants.CAN_DEFINE_LABELS,
                SecurityConstants.CONFIGURATION_MANAGEMENT, ENGLISH_LOCALE, "Can define labels")));
    }

    private static void register106(Map<Integer, Upgrade> register) {
        register(register, new CompositeUpgrade(new AddActivity(106,
                SecurityConstants.CAN_DEFINE_HIDDEN_MANDATORY_FIELDS, SecurityConstants.CONFIGURATION_MANAGEMENT,
                ENGLISH_LOCALE, "Can define hidden/mandatory fields"), new AddField(106, 74, "AssignClients",
                EntityType.CLIENT, false, false)));
    }

    private static void register115(Map<Integer, Upgrade> register) {
        register(register, new AddActivity(115, SecurityConstants.CAN_REMOVE_CLIENTS_FROM_GROUPS,
                SecurityConstants.CLIENTS, ENGLISH_LOCALE, "Can remove clients from groups"));
    }

    private static void register117(Map<Integer, Upgrade> register) {
        register(register, new CompositeUpgrade(new AddReport(117, (short) 28, ReportsCategoryBO.ANALYSIS,
                "Detailed Aging of Portfolio at Risk", "aging_portfolio_at_risk",
                "DetailedAgingPortfolioAtRisk.rptdesign"), new AddActivity(117,
                SecurityConstants.CAN_VIEW_DETAILED_AGING_OF_PORTFOLIO_AT_RISK, SecurityConstants.ANALYSIS,
                ENGLISH_LOCALE, "Can view Detailed Aging of Portfolio at Risk")));
    }

    private static void register118(Map<Integer, Upgrade> register) {
        register(register, new AddActivity(118, SecurityConstants.CAN_ADD_CLIENTS_TO_GROUPS, SecurityConstants.CLIENTS,
                ENGLISH_LOCALE, "Can add an existing client to a group"));
    }

    private static void register119(Map<Integer, Upgrade> register) {
        register(register, new CompositeUpgrade(new AddActivity(119, SecurityConstants.PRODUCT_MIX, null,
                ENGLISH_LOCALE, "Product mix"), new AddActivity(119, SecurityConstants.CAN_DEFINE_PRODUCT_MIX,
                SecurityConstants.PRODUCT_MIX, ENGLISH_LOCALE, "Can Define product mix"), new AddActivity(119,
                SecurityConstants.CAN_EDIT_PRODUCT_MIX, SecurityConstants.PRODUCT_MIX, ENGLISH_LOCALE,
                "Can Edit product mix")));
    }

    private static void register120(Map<Integer, Upgrade> register) {
        register(register, new CompositeUpgrade(new AddReport(120, (short) 29, ReportsCategoryBO.ANALYSIS,
                "Active Loans By Loan Officer", "active_loans_by_loan_officer", "ActiveLoansByLoanOfficer.rptdesign"),
                new AddActivity(120, SecurityConstants.CAN_VIEW_ACTIVE_LOANS_BY_LOAN_OFFICER,
                        SecurityConstants.ANALYSIS, ENGLISH_LOCALE, "Can view Active Loans By Loan Officer")));
    }

    private static void register123(Map<Integer, Upgrade> register) {
        register(register, new AddActivity(123, SecurityConstants.CAN_DEFINE_LOOKUP_OPTIONS,
                SecurityConstants.CONFIGURATION_MANAGEMENT, ENGLISH_LOCALE, "Can Define Lookup Values"));
    }

    private static void register124(Map<Integer, Upgrade> register) {
        register(register, new AddActivity(124, SecurityConstants.UPLOAD_REPORT_TEMPLATE,
                SecurityConstants.REPORTS_MANAGEMENT, ENGLISH_LOCALE, "Can upload report template"));
    }

    private static void register126(Map<Integer, Upgrade> register) {
        register(register, new CompositeUpgrade(new AddActivity(126, SecurityConstants.VIEW_REPORTS,
                SecurityConstants.REPORTS_MANAGEMENT, ENGLISH_LOCALE, "Can view reports"), new AddActivity(126,
                SecurityConstants.EDIT_REPORT_INFORMATION, SecurityConstants.REPORTS_MANAGEMENT, ENGLISH_LOCALE,
                "Can edit report information")));
    }

    private static void register130(Map<Integer, Upgrade> register) {
        register(register, new AddActivity(130, SecurityConstants.CAN_ADJUST_PAYMENT_WHEN_OBLIGATION_MET,
                SecurityConstants.REPORTS_MANAGEMENT, // ???
                ENGLISH_LOCALE, "Can adjust payment when account status " + "is \"closed-obligation met\""));
    }

    private static void register136(Map<Integer, Upgrade> register) {
        register(register, new AddActivity(136, SecurityConstants.CAN_REDO_LOAN_DISPURSAL,
                SecurityConstants.LOAN_MANAGEMENT, ENGLISH_LOCALE, "Can redo Loan disbursals"));
    }

    private static void register141(Map<Integer, Upgrade> register) {
        register(register, new AddActivity(141, SecurityConstants.CAN_DEFINE_ACCEPTED_PAYMENT_TYPE,
                SecurityConstants.ORGANIZATION_MANAGEMENT, ENGLISH_LOCALE, "Can define Accepted Payment Type"));
    }

    private static void register142(Map<Integer, Upgrade> register) {
        register(register, new AddActivity(142, SecurityConstants.DEFINE_REPORT_CATEGORY,
                SecurityConstants.REPORTS_MANAGEMENT, ENGLISH_LOCALE, "Can define new report category"));
    }

    private static void register143(Map<Integer, Upgrade> register) {
        register(register, new AddActivity(143, SecurityConstants.VIEW_REPORT_CATEGORY,
                SecurityConstants.REPORTS_MANAGEMENT, ENGLISH_LOCALE, "Can view report category"));
    }

    private static void register144(Map<Integer, Upgrade> register) {
        register(register, new AddActivity(144, SecurityConstants.DELETE_REPORT_CATEGORY,
                SecurityConstants.REPORTS_MANAGEMENT, ENGLISH_LOCALE, "Can delete report category"));
    }

    private static void register145(Map<Integer, Upgrade> register) {
        register(register, new AddActivity(145, SecurityConstants.DOWNLOAD_REPORT_TEMPLATE,
                SecurityConstants.REPORTS_MANAGEMENT, ENGLISH_LOCALE, "Can download report template"));
    }

    private static void register146(Map<Integer, Upgrade> register) {
        register(register, new AddActivity(146, SecurityConstants.CAN_DEFINE_CUSTOM_FIELD,
                SecurityConstants.CONFIGURATION_MANAGEMENT, ENGLISH_LOCALE, "Can define custom fields"));
    }

    private static void register170(Map<Integer, Upgrade> register) {
        register(register, new CompositeUpgrade(new AddActivity(170, SecurityConstants.CAN_UPLOAD_ADMIN_DOCUMENTS,
                SecurityConstants.REPORTS_MANAGEMENT, ENGLISH_LOCALE, "Can upload admin documents"), new AddActivity(
                170, SecurityConstants.CAN_VIEW_ADMIN_DOCUMENTS, SecurityConstants.REPORTS_MANAGEMENT, ENGLISH_LOCALE,
                "Can view admin documents")));

    }

    private static void register175(Map<Integer, Upgrade> register) {
        register(register, new AddInterestCalcRule(175, InterestType.DECLINING_EPI.getValue(), 1,
                "InterestTypes-DecliningBalance-EqualPrincipalInstallment",
                "Declining Balance-Equal Principal Installment"));
    }

    private static void register179(Map<Integer, Upgrade> register) {
        // FIXME: instead of having a new "system information" category for
        // the role/permission, just put it under
        // SecurityConstants.CONFIGURATION_MANAGEMENT
        register(register, new CompositeUpgrade(new AddActivity(179, "Permissions-SystemInformation",
                SecurityConstants.SYSTEM_INFORMATION, null), new AddActivity(179,
                "Permissions-CanViewSystemInformation", SecurityConstants.CAN_VIEW_SYSTEM_INFO,
                SecurityConstants.SYSTEM_INFORMATION)));
    }

    private static void register185(Map<Integer, Upgrade> register) {
        register(register, new CompositeUpgrade(new AddReport(185, (short) 0, ReportsCategoryBO.ANALYSIS,
                "Collection Sheet Report", "collection_sheet_report", "CollectionSheetReport.rptdesign",
                SecurityConstants.CAN_VIEW_COLLECTION_SHEET_REPORT), new AddActivity(185,
                "Permissions-CanViewCollectionSheetReport", SecurityConstants.CAN_VIEW_COLLECTION_SHEET_REPORT,
                SecurityConstants.ANALYSIS)));
    }

    /**
     * Adds activity/role/permission data for viewing of install-time
     * configuration settings.
     */
    private static void register187(Map<Integer, Upgrade> register) {
        register(register, new AddActivity(187, "Permissions-CanViewOrganizationSettings",
                SecurityConstants.CAN_VIEW_ORGANIZATION_SETTINGS, SecurityConstants.CONFIGURATION_MANAGEMENT));
    }

    /**
     * Add the Loan reschedule account and financial actions.
     */
    private static void register195(Map<Integer, Upgrade> register) {
        register(register, new CompositeUpgrade(new AddFinancialAction(195, FinancialActionConstants.RESCHEDULE
                .getValue(), "FinancialAction-LoanRescheduled"), new AddAccountAction(195,
                AccountActionTypes.LOAN_RESCHEDULED.getValue(), "AccountAction-LoanRescheduled")));
    }

    private static void register203(Map<Integer, Upgrade> register) {
        register(register, new CompositeUpgrade(new AddReport(203, (short) 0, ReportsCategoryBO.ANALYSIS,
                "Branch Cash Confirmation Report", "branch_cash_confirmation_report",
                "BranchCashConfirmationReport.rptdesign", SecurityConstants.CAN_VIEW_BRANCH_CASH_CONFIRMATION_REPORT),
                new AddActivity(203, "Permissions-CanViewBranchCashConfirmationReport",
                        SecurityConstants.CAN_VIEW_BRANCH_CASH_CONFIRMATION_REPORT, SecurityConstants.ANALYSIS)));
    }

    private static void register204(Map<Integer, Upgrade> register) {
        register(register, new CompositeUpgrade(new AddReport(204, (short) 0, ReportsCategoryBO.ANALYSIS,
                "Branch Progress Report", "branch_progress_report", "ProgressReport.rptdesign",
                SecurityConstants.CAN_VIEW_BRANCH_REPORT), new AddActivity(204,
                "Permissions-CanViewBranchProgressReport", SecurityConstants.CAN_VIEW_BRANCH_REPORT,
                SecurityConstants.ANALYSIS)));
    }

    /**
     * Adds activity/role/permission data for transactions import bulk settings.
     */
    private static void register216(Map<Integer, Upgrade> register) {
        register(register, new AddActivity(216, "Permissions-CanImportTransactions",
                SecurityConstants.CAN_IMPORT_TRANSACTIONS, SecurityConstants.BULK));
    }

    private static void register236(Map<Integer, Upgrade> register) {
        register(register, new AddActivity(236, "Permissions-CanShutdownMifos",
                SecurityConstants.CAN_SHUTDOWN_MIFOS, SecurityConstants.SYSTEM_INFORMATION));
    }

    public DatabaseVersionPersistence() {
        this(StaticHibernateUtil.getOrCreateSessionHolder().getSession().connection());
    }

    public DatabaseVersionPersistence(Connection connection) {
        this(connection, masterRegister());
    }

    public DatabaseVersionPersistence(Connection connection, Map<Integer, Upgrade> registeredUpgrades) {
        this.connection = connection;
        this.registeredUpgrades = registeredUpgrades;
    }

    private Connection getConnection() {
        return connection;
    }

    public int read() throws SQLException {
        return read(getConnection());
    }

    public int read(Connection connection) throws SQLException {
        Statement statement = connection.createStatement();
        ResultSet results = statement.executeQuery("select DATABASE_VERSION from DATABASE_VERSION");
        if (results.next()) {
            int version = results.getInt("DATABASE_VERSION");
            if (results.next()) {
                throw new RuntimeException("too many rows in DATABASE_VERSION");
            }
            statement.close();
            return version;
        } else {
            throw new RuntimeException("No row in DATABASE_VERSION");
        }
    }

    public void write(int version) throws SQLException {
        Connection connection = getConnection();
        Statement statement = connection.createStatement();
        int rows = statement.executeUpdate("update DATABASE_VERSION set DATABASE_VERSION = " + version);
        statement.close();
        if (rows != 1) {
            throw new RuntimeException("Unable to update database version (" + rows + " rows updated)");
        }
        connection.commit();
    }

    public boolean isVersioned() throws SQLException {
        return isVersioned(getConnection());
    }

    boolean isVersioned(Connection conn) throws SQLException {
        ResultSet results = conn.getMetaData().getColumns(null, null, "DATABASE_VERSION", "DATABASE_VERSION");
        boolean foundColumns = results.next();
        results.close();
        return foundColumns;
    }

    public List<Upgrade> scripts(int applicationVersion, int databaseVersion) {
        if (applicationVersion < databaseVersion) {
            /*
             * Automatically applying downgrades would be a mistake because a
             * downgrade is likely to destroy data (for example, if the upgrade
             * had added a column and the application had put some data into
             * that column prior to the downgrade).
             */
            throw new UnsupportedOperationException("your database needs to be downgraded from " + databaseVersion
                    + " to " + applicationVersion);
        }

        if (applicationVersion == databaseVersion) {
            return Collections.emptyList();
        }

        List<Upgrade> upgrades = new ArrayList<Upgrade>(applicationVersion - databaseVersion);
        for (int i = databaseVersion; i < applicationVersion; i++) {
            Upgrade upgrade = findUpgrade(i + 1);
            upgrades.add(upgrade);
        }
        return Collections.unmodifiableList(upgrades);
    }

    Upgrade findUpgrade(int higherVersion) {
        boolean foundInJava = registeredUpgrades.containsKey(higherVersion);

        String name = "upgrade_to_" + higherVersion + ".sql";
        URL url = getSqlResourceLocation(name);
        boolean foundInSql = url != null;

        if (foundInJava && foundInSql) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("Found upgrade to " + higherVersion + " both in java and in " + name);
        } else if (foundInJava) {
            return registeredUpgrades.get(higherVersion);
        } else if (foundInSql) {
            return new SqlUpgrade(url, higherVersion);
        } else {
            String location;
            try {
                location = " in " + getClass().getProtectionDomain().getCodeSource().getLocation().toString();
            } catch (Throwable e) {
                location = "";
            }
            throw new IllegalStateException("Did not find upgrade to " + higherVersion + " in java or in " + name
                    + " next to " + getClass().getName() + location);
        }
    }

    URL getSqlResourceLocation(String name) {
        return SqlResource.getInstance().getUrl(name);
    }

    public SqlUpgrade findUpgradeScript(int higherVersion, String scriptName) {
        // Currently, SQL files are located in the same package as
        // DatabaseVersionPersistence so we need to load the file from this
        // class
        URL url = getSqlResourceLocation(scriptName);
        boolean foundInSql = url != null;

        if (foundInSql) {
            return new SqlUpgrade(url, higherVersion);
        } else {
            String location;
            try {
                location = " in " + getClass().getProtectionDomain().getCodeSource().getLocation().toString();
            } catch (Throwable e) {
                location = "";
            }
            throw new IllegalStateException("Did not find upgrade to " + higherVersion + " in java or in " + scriptName
                    + " next to " + getClass().getName() + location);
        }
    }

    public void upgradeDatabase() throws Exception {
        Connection conn = getConnection();
        try {
            upgradeDatabase(conn, APPLICATION_VERSION);
            conn.commit();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            try {
                conn.rollback();
            } catch (SQLException rollbackException) {
                rollbackException.printStackTrace();
            }
            throw e;
        }
    }

    void upgradeDatabase(Connection connection, int upgradeTo) throws Exception {
        if (!isVersioned(connection)) {
            throw new RuntimeException("Database version is too old to be upgraded automatically");
        }

        int version = read(connection);
        for (Upgrade upgrade : scripts(upgradeTo, version)) {
            try {
                upgrade.upgrade(connection);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                throw new RuntimeException("error in upgrading to " + upgrade.higherVersion(), e);
            }

            int upgradedVersion = read(connection);
            if (upgradedVersion != version + 1) {
                throw new RuntimeException("upgrade script from " + version + " did not end up at " + (version + 1)
                        + "(was instead " + upgradedVersion + ")");
            }
            version = upgradedVersion;
        }
    }

}


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Home » String instruments » Ukuleles
Easy Ukulele Songs for Beginners
Even though the ukulele is one of the easiest string instruments to learn to play, it is still no walk in the park for a novice. However, if you're determined to learn, we can make it easier by providing you with a list of easy ukulele songs for beginners. These songs cut across various genres, and you might even find some of your favorites among them. If you learn to play them, you'll find even more difficult songs a breeze to play.
Tips on playing ukulele
When learning to play ukulele, you need to keep things as simple as possible. This means that you pick songs that have no more than four chords. Consequently, you may need to research musical chords on a deeper level. That way, you can easily learn how to finger them on your ukulele.
When selecting your practice chords and songs, try to use those that don't need more than three fingers to play. Another thing to look for is whether the song has a barre or not. If it does, it can make playing a bit more complicated than it needs to be. However, do remember to revisit this once you've achieved a higher level of proficiency.
Additionally, avoid songs that require a capo. As a beginner, you might not have gotten around to getting one. Also, you might want to get used to playing with your fingers before introducing other equipment. After you familiarize yourself with the chords, take some time to learn some strumming patterns. Choose the easiest ones you can find that doesn't require you to hold a chord. Lastly, learn to play one song at a time.
Once you get proficient enough to record yourself, you'll want to invest in a top-tier acoustic-electric guitar that will carry your sound to an amp or computer. The Donner DUB-1 comes recommended by reviewers as one of the options you should look into. It has a mahogany body and comes with inbuilt EQ. Adjusting the tone will thus be an easy matter, and even a carry bag is included with the instrument purchase.
Country and folk songs
If you pick jambalaya by Hank Williams as the first song you teach yourself to play once you have a ukulele, then you're likely going to stick with the instrument for a while. The song has two chords that you can probably master if you practice for a day or two. As such, it's bound to lull you in with just how simple it is to learn.
The strum pattern may be a little tricky, but once you break it down, you'll find that it's much more manageable. The chords that you need to work with are C and G7.
A horse with no name
This song by America is about five decades old and pretty easy to learn to play on the uke. However, this is only if you know the trick to simplify it the first time you play it. It incorporates some somewhat challenging chords such as Dm9 and Em9 that should be confusing to any beginner. However, by swapping these out with the much simpler E minor and D, you find the song much easier to strum.
I hope that I don't fall in love with you
This song by Tom Waits has an extra chord compared to Jambalaya and A horse with no name, but that doesn't necessarily mean it's trickier to play. The chords in question are C, F, and G. It should, however, prove comforting for the newbie that most of this song has a slow strum pattern when you play it on a uke. As such, once you've figured out the strum pattern for each chord, you don't need to rush the sequence. This makes it harder to make mistakes even as a beginner.
Banana boat song
The banana boat song does not originate in the USA but is from Jamaica as a work song. It is a few centuries old and makes for an easy ukulele song for beginners. The chords that you have to study before learning to play this song are D and A7. Alternatively, you can play it using the F and C7 chords. The strum pattern may be slightly more complicated but not enough to discourage you. Also, if you have a ton of free time, you can probably get the hang of it within a day.
Pop songs
With the popularity of pop songs rising over the years, you might be even more motivated to learn to play the uke if you can figure out how to strum some of the top hits of the last decade. The Kala KA-EBY-T tenor ukulele has been hailed by reviewers as a great musical tool for learning to play some of these pop songs. It has a deep sound in part due to the high-quality wood components. The striped ebony bracing pattern is also attractive. Here are some pop song suggestions that you can use to break the ukulele in.
Bruno mars is a modern music legend, and his prowess is easy to see in this song. However, what you're looking for in this song is the groovy beat that makes it a joy to play for beginners. The two chords that you'll have to play for the entire length of the song are also sufficient incentives. These chords include Dm7 and G7.
The tricky part in playing this song on the uke is the transition from one chord to the next. Once you have that worked out, everything else becomes a piece of cake. Also, the pattern for strumming the chords may change depending on where you are in the song.
There isn't a person who's heard hello by Adele who doesn't want to hear themselves play it. However, do note that you'll be upping the complexity a bit compared to some of the songs mentioned above.
Notably, most people prefer to play this tune with a capo, but you can make do without it. You just have to familiarize yourself with Em, G, D, and C chords. The spacing or time between the chords also works in your favor, especially in the intro. Once you figure out how to get the timing of the chords right, you won't have a problem playing the song.
For a more fast-paced but easy ukulele song for beginners, Whistle by Flo Rida is an easy choice. Like Hello, it incorporates four chords, namely Am, F, C, and G. The placement of your fingers should be the first thing you figure out.
However, once you get these chords right, you have to deal with a relatively tricky strum pattern. It's slightly different from the ones where you run your fingers straight down or up. If you pull it off even slowly, it's only a matter of time until you're proficiently playing the song.
Stay with me by Sam Smith is his breakout song and one that got his name into the hearts of many a music lover. It's pretty popular, even giving songs like Hello a run for their money. It's also one that a lot of ukulele newbies would love to learn to play. Since it's a four-chord song, this is doable even in your first few weeks of owning the instrument.
The four chords in question are Am, F, C, and G. The strum pattern might be simple enough; however, the chord progression is where the difficulty level rises slightly.
I'm yours
This song by Jason Mraz is one of the most recommended pop songs for beginner ukulele players to figure out how to play. The simple melody incorporates C, G, Am, and F chords in its progression and is overall a very fun tune to play. It's also held its relevance as a pop song for quite a while and will do you a lot of good to learn.
Hawaiian songs
Given the ukulele's history in Hawaii Trusted Source Ukulele - Wikipedia The ukulele is a member of the lute family of instruments. It generally employs four nylon strings. en.wikipedia.org and the fact that it was introduced in the region more than a century ago, it's no wonder that there are some Hawaiian songs that go well with the instrument. Some of the simpler ones that you can try out as a beginner are as follows.
E Huli Makou
This song is a traditional Hawaiian song, although you're likely to find a more modern version of the same on YouTube as well. It is basically a song about learning the Hawaiian language. Once you've learned the song, you can then attempt to play it on your ukulele. The most prominent chords within this song include F, G7, and C7.
The song is fast-paced, with spacing being short. However, the song progression is easy to keep track of since you don't need to pause between chords now and again. It also goes well with a Hula dance, so that you might have some extra fun with that as well.
I Kona
The sweet melody of the I Kona song is not very intimidating for beginner ukulele players either. The simplest version of the song consists of C and G7 chords when played on the ukulele. As you progress in your proficiency, you can incorporate other chords that enrich the song, such as D7. However, before that, make sure you master the basic playing pattern.
Reggae Songs
Another genre with some fairly beginner-friendly tunes for the ukulele novice is reggae. Some of the classics play very well on the uke, consists of four chords or less, and have a nice rhythm to follow. Here are examples.
Most people in the older generation are familiar with Bob Marley, and his hit song one love has continued to shape music for the last few decades. The C, F, G, Am chords in the song are seemingly easy to get the hang of, but with reggae, the most complicated bit is the timing. We would recommend this song after you've gained a bit of confidence in your playing ability. That way, you can take on the extra challenge without much difficulty. That said, this song is pretty simple to learn on the ukulele in the grand scheme of things.
Three little birds
Three little birds is another Bob Marley song that isn't too challenging for beginners to try out on their ukuleles. Usually, you would have to play it using A, D and E chords, although beginners might find that a bit tricky to pull off. That said, you can make learning the song easier on yourself by switching out the E for an E7. After that, it won't take too long to get the chord progression right.
Red, red wine
The red, red wine song by UB40 plays really easily on the ukulele because you only need to learn three chords to pull it off. These are G, C, and D. What you might like most about the song is, however, the repeating progression that makes it one of the easier reggae songs to pull off.
Happy songs
You also need to have some happy songs in your arsenal to play at parties and on social occasions.
The happy birthday song should be one of the first few songs you learn to play whenever you pick up a new instrument. Luckily for beginner ukulele players, it only contains three chords. The repeating progression of the C, F, and G7 chords isn't complicated, which makes it fun and easy to learn.
Some Gospel songs can also be easy to learn for the novice ukulele player, and here is one example.
Playing with C, F, and G7 chords is the simplest variation of the song that you can play and is thus perfect for beginners. However, with a higher skill level, you may need to add two or more chords to your progression.
The options mentioned above are all easy ukulele songs for beginners that should make it a breeze to learn to play the ukulele. However, ensure that you're taking on more challenging songs the longer you play so you can progressively get better. That is the only way to perfect your skills as a ukulele player.
Ukulele - Wikipedia
The ukulele is a member of the lute family of instruments. It generally employs four nylon strings.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


On Nov. 11 around 5:05 a.m., members of the Rainy River District OPP received a report of a motor-vehicle collision on Highway 11 at Manitou Rapids First Nation.
An officer attended the scene and spoke with the driver, soon suspecting that he had alcohol in his body.
The male was arrested and transported to the Fort Frances OPP detachment, where he underwent further testing.
Members of the Rainy River District OPP are requesting the public's assistance in locating a stolen vehicle as well as two firearms.
Sometime between 11 p.m. on Nov. 9 and 6:40 a.m. on Nov. 10, unknown culprit(s) attended a residence on Third Street in Rainy River and stole a vehicle parked in the driveway.
On Tuesday around 9 p.m., officers from the Organized Crime Enforcement Bureau, Community Street Crime Unit, and the Dryden Police Service executed a search warrant on a Dryden residence.
Police seized 284 grams of methamphetamine, with a street value of about $56,800, as well as drug trafficking materials and Canadian currency.
On Sunday around 11:15 a.m., a late-model pick-up truck was travelling northbound on Highway 105 went it left the roadway and collided with two boulders and a tree.
The truck's fuel tank ruptured and caught fire.
On Nov. 1 around 11:30 a.m., Dryden OPP officers were executing a warrant at a residence on Henderson Road, north of Dryden.
On Tuesday, members of the Rainy River District OPP were called to investigate a mischief to property in Fort Frances.
Around 10:35 p.m., officers were called to a report of a dumpster fire behind Robert Moore School near Armit Avenue.
Fortunately, the fire did not cause further damage and was extinguished quickly by the Fort Frances Fire Department.
The Rainy River District OPP was busy arresting and charging individuals in the district for impaired driving earlier this month.
On Oct. 20 around 10:15 a.m., officers were advised of a possible impaired driver and motor-vehicle collision on Highway 11 east of Emo.
An officer attended the scene and commenced an investigation, determining the driver had alcohol in her body.
On Oct. 19 around 5:30 a.m., members of the Kenora OPP responded to a break-and-enter in progress in the south side of Kenora.
Police attended and were advised that the home owner had located the suspect inside the detached garage.
Entry was not gained into the main residence.
The male was arrested at the scene and transported to the detachment.


text:
DBIA™ and Associate DBIA™ Professionals are expected to adhere to high standards of honesty and integrity as outlined in the DBIA Code of Professional Conduct. This Code consists of a series of ethical rules to which all Designated DBIA Professionals are expected to adhere, followed by commentary intended to serve as additional guidelines. These rules and comments are detailed below.
Enforcement & Disciplinary Action
Designated Design-Build Professionals and Designated Associate Design-Build Professionals are expected to exhibit high standards of honesty and integrity. The design, construction, and ownership of buildings and other structures and improvements have a direct and vital impact on the quality of life for all people.
Within this DBIA Code of Professional Conduct (the "Code"), "Professionals" means both Designated Design-Build Professionals and Designated Associate Design-Build Professionals.
Professionals should endeavor to perform under a standard of professional behavior that adheres to the highest principles of ethical conduct. This Code addresses Professionals' responsibilities to the public, clients and users of design-build services, co-workers and employees, those who perform, furnish, or provide design-build services, and competitors in the design-build marketplace.
Professionals affirm their endorsement of this Code and acknowledge their commitment to uphold its principles by obtaining and subsequently renewing DBIA certification. Nothing in this Code is intended to raise the legal standard of care of any person or entity above that which is established by law.
1. Don't break the law
Professionals will not knowingly violate the law or engage in conduct that they reasonably should know violates the law.
Professionals will not knowingly assist another person in conduct that violates this Code.
Professionals will comply with the legal and ethical requirements for all licensed services that they provide.
Professionals should conduct all business matters with integrity and be leaders of character and honor not only in their contractual obligations, but also in their words and actions.
Violations of law that constitute crimes or civil rights violations under state or federal law should not be considered violations of this Code until the Professional is found guilty or liable in a court of component jurisdiction, after all appeals are exhausted. Misdemeanors that do not involve either dishonesty or conduct that is in contravention of this Code, such as routine traffic tickets, should not be grounds for disciplinary action.
Professionals are expected to take applicable laws and regulations into account when performing design-build services. Professionals may rely on the advice of other qualified persons, lawyers, or consultants when interpreting such laws and regulations.
Professionals should avoid associating in business ventures with any person or firm that they believe is engaged in fraudulent or dishonest conduct.
Professionals should not take action, or make public statements, intended to unfairly harm the reputation or business of others.
Professionals having knowledge of any violation of this Code are encouraged to promptly report to appropriate professional or public authorities, which includes DBIA, and to cooperate with such authorities in furnishing such information or assistance as may be required.
2. Practice honesty and transparency in your work
Professionals will conduct themselves honestly and not engage in fraud or communicate deliberately false or misleading statements of material fact.
Professionals will not deliberately mislead or fail to disclose accurately and completely material facts requested in connection with:
A design-build project or pursuit;
An application for membership, designation, awards, or other benefits granted by DBIA; or
An application for professional or contractor license.
Honesty, candor, and transparency are critical components of this Code, and are mentioned intentionally in multiple Rules and Comments.
3. Avoid conflicts of interest
If a material conflict of interest arises before or during the performance of design-build services, Professionals must disclose it promptly to those parties affected and take appropriate action to resolve the conflict. Such action may include removing the cause of the conflict or obtaining written consent from such parties to continue services in spite of the disclosed conflict. In the absence of appropriate resolution, Professionals will offer to withdraw from the conflict situation.
When a Professional is retained by agreement of the parties to a design-build project to serve in the role of a neutral decision-maker, the Professional will conduct him or herself in a fair and impartial manner.
Professionals making public statements on professional issues will disclose when they are being compensated for making such statements or when they have a material economic interest in the matter.
Professionals will not solicit or accept compensation from contractors, design professionals, design-build teams, or suppliers in return for specifying or endorsing their proposals, products, or services, unless such relationship is disclosed.
As used in Rule 3.1, a material conflict of interest includes both a conflict: (i) identified by governing law; or (ii) where the Professional's judgment could be affected by responsibilities or obligations owed to another project or person or by the Professional's own interests, unless all those who rely on the Professional's judgment consent after full disclosure.
Examples of neutral decision-making roles referred to in Rule 3.2 may include evaluating a party's performance, approving or rejecting work, approving submittals, certifying pay applications, and rendering decisions on claims.
Professionals should be open and honest in their contractual relationships with others, informing owners and design-build teammates of any circumstances that could lead to a conflict of interest or the perception of a conflict of interest.
In determining the appropriate course of action to resolve a conflict, one may take into account whether withdrawal by the Professional would constitute a breach of contract or otherwise terminate a relationship that would cause the Professional or others to incur material harm.
4. Don't give or accept bribes
Professionals will neither offer nor make any payment or gift to a private or public employee, agent, or official with the intent of influencing that person's judgment in connection with an existing or prospective project in which the Professional is interested.
Professionals will not accept payments or gifts which are intended to influence their judgment in awarding contracts, making recommendations, or exercising independent opinions.
Nothing in this Code is intended to prohibit, when permitted by applicable law, campaign contributions or normal and customary hospitality or entertainment.
Professionals should be aware of and respect all regulatory restrictions or published policies of owners that restrict their ability to accept gifts, entertainment, or hospitality. Professionals should strive not to put owners or their employees, agents, or officials in awkward or illegal situations that might compromise that person's job or reputation or create legal liability.
Professionals should not put financial, legal, or business pressure on an owner's employees, consultants, or representatives for purposes of influencing such person's decision-making to be based on inappropriate factors.
5. Represent yourself and your abilities and experiences honestly
Professionals will accurately represent to a prospective or existing client, employer, or design-build teammate their qualifications, capabilities, and experience.
Professionals will not intentionally mislead existing or prospective clients or design-build teammates about the results that can be achieved through the use of the Professionals' services; nor will Professionals state that they can achieve results by means that violate applicable laws or this Code.
Brochures, proposals, or other materials prepared or used by Professionals incident to the solicitation of business will not misrepresent material facts regarding such Professionals or their employers, employees, associates, or teammates.
The Section 5 rules encourage Professionals to be truthful, honest, and correct in presenting facts on qualifications, capabilities, and experience, including clarifying who did what at prior engagements/projects.
Rule 5.1 is meant to ensure that Professionals not undertake projects beyond their professional capacity. Professionals venturing into areas which require experience or training they do not possess may obtain that expertise by additional education, training, or through the engagement of persons, consultants, and teammates with the necessary expertise.
When engaged in a competitive procurement process, Professionals should always compete fairly.
Professionals are encouraged to give proper credit to the owner, designer(s), and contractor(s) of any project depicted in marketing materials or proposals so as not to mislead the public, a client, a potential client, or teammate as to the true source of the design and construction of a project for which the Professionals are taking credit.
6. Keep the bidding and selection process fair
Professionals will conduct their bidding and procurement practices honestly and with fair dealing.
Professionals will not enter into any agreement or conspiracy to engage in price fixing, bid rigging, or other anticompetitive conduct in violation of applicable law.
Professionals who participate as a voting or recommending member of a selection process will not thereafter participate as a member of the team or party selected without proper disclosure and consent.
A Professional will not participate on the selection committee for a design-build contract if the Professional is also employed by an offeror or competing design-build team involved in the project; nor when the Professional or any member of the Professional's immediate family holds a position with an offeror or competing design-build team as an officer, director, member, trustee, partner, or the like; nor when the Professional owns or controls an interest in the competing entity.
A Professional acting as owner or an owner's consultant who conducts separate confidential discussions or interviews with competing design-build teams will treat each team fairly with respect to equal opportunity for discussion and clarification, and confidential information derived from proposals submitted by competing offerors will not be disclosed by such Professional to other competing offerors.
Professionals should not participate on more than one design-build team competing for the same contract without disclosure to all design-build teams on which the Professionals are involved.
Professionals should make selections and award contracts in compliance with criteria and procedures required by law and as set out in solicitation documents. No improper factors or criteria should be used in the evaluation and scoring of the design-build proposals.
Except when all competing design-build teams are notified otherwise, Professionals acting on behalf of project owners or users should only solicit proposals from design-build teams when the Professional reasonably expects to award a contract in response to proposals.
Professionals should clearly state any policies on conflicts of interest in the request for proposals issued to design-build teams or to owners' consultants.
Professionals acting as consultants assisting an owner in preparing a request for proposals should not participate on a design-build team unless:
the owner gives informed consent; and
the participation is not otherwise prohibited by law.
Professionals who are permitted to substitute a member of the design-build team after submitting a proposal or being awarded a contract should replace the original team member with a person or entity equivalent to the original team member.
Where the design-build solicitation requires a simultaneous two-part submittal including a technical submission (qualifications and design) plus a cost proposal, Professionals acting as owner or owner's consultant should ensure that the evaluation of the technical submission is not inappropriately influenced by the cost proposal so as to taint the evaluation of a proposer's technical qualifications or design solutions.
7. Uphold your contractual obligations
Professionals will carry out their contractual duties and services in a competent manner.
Professionals will not materially alter the scope, quality, or objectives of a project from what is contractually required without the client's knowledge and consent.
Professionals will not distort or misrepresent the quality, level of completion, performance data, or other material facts regarding the work performed on a project.
Professionals will not falsify financial records or applications for payment.
Professionals will not improperly delay acceptance of work or services to deny financial benefit to which another person is lawfully entitled.
Professionals should endeavor to achieve and maintain the inherent advantages of design-build delivery: efficiency, single-point responsibility, economy, timeliness, and quality.
Professionals should make payments consistent with the terms of written contracts and applicable laws.
Parties to a design-build contract should cooperate in sharing information requested by other parties.
8. Protect the safety of workers and the public
Professionals will refrain from conduct that jeopardizes the safety or health of any persons or the public.
If, in the course of work on a project, a Professional becomes aware of conduct involving his or her employer, design-build teammate, consultant, or client, which the Professional knows violates applicable law, or which may, in the Professional's judgment, materially and negatively affect the health or safety of the public in connection with the project, the Professional will:
advise against such conduct,
refuse to consent to the conduct, and
report the conduct to the project owner and other appropriate authorities,
unless the Professional is able to cause the matter to be satisfactorily resolved by other means.
9. Don't violate confidentiality or intellectual property
Professionals will uphold the confidentiality of the procurement process where required.
Professionals will not utilize unique ideas, designs, concepts, or intellectual property from competing design-build teams or from other third parties without the express consent of the author or the competing team, unless such use is permitted by law.
Professionals will not knowingly disclose confidential or proprietary information that would adversely affect their employer, client, or design-build teammate(s). Professionals will maintain this confidence, except with consent of the party who revealed such information, unless required by this Code or applicable law.
Professionals should safeguard the trust and confidentiality placed in them by their employers, offerors, clients, and design-build teammates.
In all instances, these rules permit a Professional to reveal confidential information when a failure to do so would be unlawful or contrary to another ethical or legal duty imposed by law.
The grounds for disciplinary action, as provided under this Code, are as follows:
Gross negligence or willful misconduct in the performance of services, or other unethical or unprofessional conduct, based upon demonstrable or serious violations of this Code.
Conviction of a Professional for a felony or other crime of moral turpitude under federal or state law in a matter related to the conduct of business.
Fraud or deliberate misrepresentation in the application or maintenance of DBIA membership, DBIA or other industry certification, or other professional recognition or credential.
Application of procedures
These Procedures shall apply to all complaints received about Professionals, whether initiated by another Professional, DBIA or its agents, or other third party. Actions taken under these Procedures do not constitute enforcement of the law, although referral to appropriate federal, state, or local government agencies may be made about a Professional's conduct in appropriate situations. Individuals bringing complaints are not entitled to any relief or damages by virtue of this process, although they will receive notice of the actions taken. Complaints of a commercial nature, primarily involving claims of libel or slander, or primarily requesting judicial-type relief, may not be considered under these Procedures unless they also involve potential violations of this Code.
Development and administration of procedures
The DBIA National Board of Directors (the "National Board") is responsible for the development and administration of these Procedures, however, the DBIA Certification Board (the "Certification Board") is delegated authority to administer these Procedures on behalf of the National Board. The Certification Board is responsible for ensuring that these Procedures are implemented and followed. All National Board members, Certification Board members, DBIA staff, and other individuals engaged in investigations or decisions on behalf of DBIA with respect to any complaint under these Procedures are indemnified and shall be defended by DBIA against any liability arising from related activities to the extent permitted by law, provided such individuals act in good faith and with reasonable care, without gross negligence or willful misconduct, and do not breach any fiduciary duty owed to DBIA. No one who has any personal involvement in the alleged misconduct or any material conflict of interest shall be permitted to participate in the matter to be reviewed.
Complaints shall be made in writing and shall be signed by the person making the complaint (the "Complainant"). Forms for complaint shall be developed by the Certification Board and provided by DBIA on its website. The original complaint shall be filed with DBIA at its national headquarters. In addition, the Chair of the Certification Board (the "Chair") may self-initiate an inquiry if circumstances warrant. Inquiries or submissions other than complaints may be handled by DBIA at its discretion. All such complaints, inquiries, or submissions relating to this Code are directed to the Chair. Upon receipt and preliminary review of any such submission, the Chair may conclude, in the Chair's sole discretion, that the submission: (1) contains facially unreliable or insufficient information, or (2) is patently frivolous or trivial. In such cases, the Chair may determine that the submission does not constitute a potentially actionable complaint that would justify bringing it before the Certification Board for determination of whether there has been a violation of this Code. If so, such submission shall be disposed of by the Chair, and notice to the Complainant shall be provided by the Chair, if the Complainant is identified. All such preliminary dispositions by the Chair shall be reported to the Certification Board.
If a submission is deemed by the Chair on a preliminary basis to be a potentially actionable complaint, the Chair shall see that written notice is provided to the Professional whose conduct has been called into question, advising the Professional that an investigation is being initiated. The Chair also shall provide notice to the Complainant that the complaint is being reviewed by the Certification Board.
Review of Complaint
For each submission involving an alleged violation of this Code that the Chair believes is a potentially actionable complaint, the Chair shall authorize an investigation into its specific facts or circumstances to whatever extent is necessary in order to clarify, expand, or corroborate the information provided by the Complainant. The Chair shall first appoint a Review Subcommittee (the "Subcommittee") of three or more persons (designating one as the Subcommittee Chair), from the Certification Board (who shall be members in good standing of DBIA), to conduct the investigation, make a determination as to whether charges against the Professional should be brought to the Certification Board, and formulate formal charges for the Certification Board, if warranted. The Subcommittee may be assisted in the conduct of its investigation by DBIA staff and/or legal counsel. The Subcommittee may review one or more such complaints as determined by the Chair of the Certification Board.
Both the individual submitting the complaint and the Professional who is the subject of the charge may be contacted by the Subcommittee for additional information with respect to the complaint. The time for providing such additional information shall be established by the Subcommittee, and the individuals shall be given not less than thirty (30) days to respond. The Subcommittee may, at its discretion, contact such other individuals who may have knowledge of the facts and circumstances surrounding the complaint. The Subcommittee shall initially determine whether it is appropriate to review the complaint under these Procedures, or whether the matter should be referred to another entity engaged in the administration of law. If the Subcommittee concludes that charges should be brought, it shall return to the Chair formal charges and the Subcommittee's written report explaining the alleged aggrieved conduct and why such conduct constitutes grounds for disciplinary action under this Code. If no charges are brought, the Subcommittee shall notify the Professional and send a report of its determination to the Chair, who shall notify the National Board.
If the Subcommittee has recommended that formal charges be brought, the Subcommittee Chair shall notify the Professional to be charged and send the Professional a copy of the charges and the Subcommittee's report. The Subcommittee Chair shall advise the Professional that an investigation will be conducted and that a hearing will be held, providing the Professional with the proposed date and time for such hearing. The Professional shall be advised that the Professional may request the opportunity to submit information or arguments contesting the charge in person and/or by writing, by submitting such request within thirty (30) days from receipt of the notice. The Professional shall also be advised that the Professional may have the right to review evidence to be presented at the hearing and that the Professional may be represented by counsel. The Professional shall be also be sent a copy of these Procedures. Any member of the Certification Board who participated on the Subcommittee may not otherwise be involved in the Certification Board deliberations with respect to the particular charges brought when that person served on the Subcommittee.
All investigations and deliberations of the Subcommittee and the Certification Board are to be conducted in confidence to the extent practical, except that the Subcommittee or the Certification Board shall be permitted to disclose any relevant information when compelled by a validly-issued subpoena, when otherwise required by law, or to parties essential to the review and investigation of the alleged aggrieved conduct. All written communications relating to the investigations and deliberations of the Subcommittee and the Certification Board should be sealed and marked "Personal and Confidential." All investigations and deliberations of the Subcommittee and the Certification Board shall be conducted objectively, without prejudgment of any kind. An investigation may be directed toward any aspect of a complaint which is relevant or potentially relevant.
The Certification Board hearing may be held in person, or by telephone or video conference if the Professional does not request the opportunity to appear in person. The Chair shall preside and make evidentiary and other procedural rulings. If a hearing is held with the charged Professional present, the Chair shall, in his or her discretion, determine the rules of evidence and for oral presentations by the parties. Written statements may be accepted as evidence. If witnesses appear, they shall be subject to cross-examination. The Professional may be accompanied and represented by legal counsel. The Certification Board may obtain advice from DBIA legal counsel.
Determination of violation
Upon completion of its investigation and the hearing, the Certification Board shall determine by majority vote, upon a preponderance of the evidence, whether there has been a violation of this Code, and whether the Certification Board should impose sanctions. When the Certification Board finds a violation, it shall recommend imposition of an appropriate sanction. If the Certification Board so recommends, a written determination with a proposed sanction shall be prepared under the supervision of the Chair, and shall be presented by a representative of the Certification Board to the National Board, along with the record of the Certification Board's investigation and deliberation. Written notice of the Certification Board's determination, the proposed sanction(s), and the fact that the matter will be reviewed by the National Board, shall be provided to the charged Professional within fifteen (15) days of the Certification Board's determination. If the Certification Board determines that a violation has not occurred, the complaint shall be dismissed with notice to the Professional, as well as to the Complainant with a summary report sent to the National Board.
If a violation is found and sanctions are recommended by the Certification Board, the Professional charged may submit a written statement to the Certification Board prior to its decision, but may not otherwise appear before or participate in the Certification Board's deliberations. The Certification Board may accept, reject, or modify the Subcommittee's determinations of a violation or the recommended sanction to be imposed. If the Certification Board agrees, based on a two-thirds majority vote, that a violation has occurred, then the determination and imposition of a sanction, as determined by the Certification Board based on a two-thirds majority vote, shall be promulgated by written notice to the Professional.
In certain circumstances, the Certification Board may consider a recommendation from the Subcommittee that the Professional in violation of this Code should be offered the opportunity to submit a written assurance that the conduct in question has been terminated and will not recur. The decision of the Subcommittee to make such a recommendation and of the Certification Board to accept it are within their respective discretionary powers. If such an offer is extended, the Professional at issue must submit the required written assurance within thirty (30) calendar days of receipt of the offer, and the assurance must be submitted in terms that are acceptable to the Certification Board. If the Certification Board accepts the assurance, notice shall be given to the Professional.
Other legal action
If the parties to a complaint are involved in related litigation or arbitration, or when the Professional is the subject of disciplinary proceedings before any licensing board or governmental agency (collectively, "Legal Action"), the Certification Board shall defer any action on the complaint until the conclusion of such Legal Action. However, if the complaint is not withdrawn during such Legal Action, the Certification Board may upon conclusion of the Legal Action consider the outcome of such Legal Action as evidence for or against the Professional.
One or more of the following sanctions may be imposed by the Certification Board upon a Professional whose conduct the Certification Board has determined constitutes one or more of the Grounds for Disciplinary Action, as defined by this Code and set forth in these Procedures. The sanction applied must reasonably relate to the nature and severity of the violation, focusing on reformation of the conduct of the Professional and deterrence of the same or similar conduct by others. The sanctions include:
Written admonition or censure of the Professional.
Suspension of DBIA Professional Designation or Associate DBIA Professional Designation (for a period not to exceed five years). The Professional cannot re-apply until expiration of the period of suspension.
Permanent revocation of DBIA Professional Designation or Associate DBIA Professional Designation. Professional will not be eligible for reinstatement.
In cases where a Professional disciplined by termination/revocation of DBIA Professional Designation or Associate DBIA Professional Designation is also a member of the DBIA National Board, the DBIA National Board may request resignation of the National Board member voluntarily. If the National Board member does not agree to resign, the provisions of the DBIA Bylaws are to be followed, which will require a majority vote of the DBIA membership to cause removal from the National Board.
In cases where the Professional holds DBIA membership via his or her firm being a DBIA Industry Partner, the DBIA Certification Board will notify the Industry Partner of the disciplinary action, without affecting the Industry Partner status of such firm.
A withdrawal of the complaint by the Complainant, at any time prior to issuance of the Certification Board's final decision, shall terminate all disciplinary proceedings against the Professional and the DBIA Certification Board shall close its file without issuing an opinion.
The Professional or the Complainant may appeal the decision of the Certification Board, including a dismissal of the complaint or any other disciplinary action, by submitting a written notice of appeal within 15 days of receipt of the Certification Board decision. Forms for appeal shall be developed by the Certification Board and provided by DBIA on its website. The notice of appeal shall be in writing, sent to the Chair of the National Board, with a copy to the Executive Director, and must state the reasons the decision should be overturned or modified. If a timely notice of appeal is not received within the time limits stated above, except for good cause shown, the appeal shall be rejected by the Executive Director and the case closed with no further action.
The Chair of the National Board ("National Chair") shall appoint from the members of the National Board a three-member committee ("Appeal Committee") within 14 days from receipt of a timely notice of appeal to review the appeal and make a recommendation. The Appeal Committee may request further written submissions from the Complainant and/or the Professional to explain their positions, limited to the facts and issues that were presented to the Certification Board. No new evidence may be submitted on appeal, which was not presented to the Certification Board in the underlying complaint hearing. In any event, the Appeal Committee shall submit its recommendation to the National Board, in writing, within 90 days from the National Board's receipt of the notice of appeal.
The National Board shall review the Appeal Committee's recommendation and decide the appeal at the next regularly scheduled National Board meeting which comes at least 14 days after receipt of the Appeal Committee's recommendation. Any National Board member who has a conflict of interest with either party to the appeal shall not be a member of the Appeal Committee and shall withdraw from consideration of the appeal. The National Board will not consider facts or evidence not available to the Appeal Committee at the time the decision was made from which the appeal is taken.
After deliberations, the National Board shall, based on a majority vote, take one of the following actions on the appeal:
Approve and implement the Certification Board's decision.
Modify the Certification Board's decision.
Remand the case to the Certification Board for further action with instructions.
The National Board Chair shall communicate the decision on the appeal, in writing, to the Complainant and to the Professional. The decisions of the Certification Board, as such may be modified by the appeal process stated herein, are final and binding.
Disciplinary action at any level, including dismissal of a complaint, shall not be published by DBIA in any magazine or website and shall be communicated only to the Professional, the Subcommittee, the Certification Board, the National Board, the Executive Director, and the Complainant.
In the interests of fairness and justice, the Complainant and the Professional, as well as all members of the Certification Board, Appeal Committee, DBIA staff and National Board shall avoid public disclosure and discussion of the complaint, the parties involved, and the issues under consideration. The Complainant and Professional may each contact persons with knowledge of the matter, who are potential witnesses, or who might otherwise have information relevant to the allegations in the complaint or defenses to the same. The Certification Board, the National Board, and other persons representing DBIA shall keep the outcome of the complaint, including any disciplinary action confidential, except as required by law or these Procedures, unless the National Board decides that disclosure is in the best interests of DBIA.
If a Professional subject to a complaint voluntarily surrenders his/her DBIA Professional Designation at any time during the pendency of a complaint under these Procedures, the complaint shall be dismissed without any further action by the Subcommittee or the Certification Board or the National Board. The entire record shall be sealed and the Professional may not apply for certification by DBIA for five (5) years. However, the Certification Board shall authorize the Executive Director of DBIA to communicate the fact and date of resignation, and the fact and general nature of the complaint which was pending at the time of resignation, to or at the request of a government entity engaged in the administration of law. Similarly, in the event of such resignation, the Complainant shall be notified of the fact and date of the resignation and that the Certification Board has dismissed the complaint as a consequence.
During a period of suspension or revocation of DBIA Professional Designation or Associate DBIA Professional Designation, the former Professional shall not use the title "Designated Design-Build Professional," "DBIA," "Designated Associate Design-Build Professional," "Associate DBIA," or equivalent wording in connection with his or her name. When the suspension period is completed, such Professional shall re-apply to the DBIA Certification Board for permission to renew use of such title.
Improper use of DBIA Designation titles by persons who are not Professionals
The DBIA Board will refer to the DBIA Certification Board all complaints regarding individuals who are not Professionals, but are using the DBIA Professional Designation, such as by using the title "Designated Design-Build Professional," "DBIA," "Designated Associate Design- Build Professional," "Associate DBIA," or equivalent wording in connection with his or her name, or upon other documents. After review and majority vote of the DBIA Certification Board, the disciplinary action will be one of these actions:
Dismissal of the complaint (without any comment or opinion).
Dismissal of the complaint (with commentary by the Certification Board, for guidance of the individual involved).
Admonition or censure of the individual.
The Certification Board shall also determine whether the Complainant receives notification of the action taken. In cases where the DBIA member holds membership via his or her firm being an Industry Partner, the DBIA Certification Board will notify the Industry Partner of the disciplinary action, without affecting the Industry Partner status of such firm.
Code of Conduct Downloads
DBIA Code of Professional Conduct
Enforcement and Disciplinary Action
Appeal Application
Understanding the New DBIA Code of Conduct
DBIA's Code of Professional Conduct helps to ensure our industry meets the highest level of ethical conduct, professionalism and service. With the increased use of design-build project delivery and the increased recognition of DBIA™ certified professionals, the professional conduct of DBIA members and credential holders, is more important than ever.
While all DBIA members are encouraged and expected to adhere to the Code, those holding the DBIA™ and Assoc. DBIA™ credentials will be subject to enforcement of the Code and possible disciplinary action resulting from violations of the Code. This webinar is also required to receive DBIA credentials.
In this seminar you will:
Discuss the importance of a robust Code of Professional Conduct to the design-build profession.
Review the key elements of the Code of Professional Conduct including the rules, comments and enforcement.
Understand the basis for a complaint and/or appeal.
Discuss procedures by which credential holders will be required to attest to their agreement of the Code.


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Minden Medical Center welcomes Dr. Denise A. Webb
A new local physician, Denise A. Webb focuses on the individual health needs of her patients and empowers them to play an active role in their healthcare. It's definitely a team effort, but she plans to encourage her patients to recognize the importance of their well-being and preventive care.
Dr. Webb chose to become part of Minden Medical Center because of the "reputation for quality care and strong community involvement."
Board certified in family medicine, Dr. Webb cares for patients of all ages. She treats everyday illnesses and chronic conditions. Services include women's health care, school, work and camp physical exams, immunizations, lifestyle modifications, health maintenance and preventive health services.
"Caring" is the one word she uses to describe herself. She chose the medical field because she saw people in need and knew she could make a difference.
Dr. Webb is a member of the American Academy of Family Physicians, Louisiana Academy of Family Physicians, AKA Emergency Medical Response Team.
She completed medical school at Temple University School of Medicine in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and her Family Medicine Internship & Residency at the Mayo Clinic in Scottsdale, Arizona. She continued her education by completing a Faculty Development Fellowship at University of Arizona Phoenix, Arizona.
Dr. Webb enjoys traveling, playing tennis, cooking, writing and playing fetch with Brutus, her black lab border collie mix and volunteering with her sorority, Alpha Kappa Alpha, in her spare time.
Dr. Webb is accepting new patients beginning Jan. 12 in Minden Medical Pavilion located at 101 Murrell Street, Suite 2, across from the water tower downtown Minden. Appointments may be made by calling 377-3535.
Office hours are 8 a.m. until noon and 1 until 4 p.m., Monday through Thursday and 8 a.m. until noon Friday.
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Alamosa firefighters face tough week
Chieftain photo by Erin Smith
Alamosa Fire Chief Jack Johnson poses beneath an azure autumn sky.
ALAMOSA - It had been the 110th fire call of 1997. The 15 Alamosa volunteer firefighters rolled up their hoses and wiped the sweat from their brows.
They had saved much of Rocky Mountain Soils, a plant on the west side of Colorado 17 about three miles north of Alamosa. Had the fire entered the plant, it could have meant $500,000 more in damage instead of $125,000 to $200,000.
No one was hurt or killed.
It was another day in the lives of men who take time off from jobs to save property from the ravages of fire. Firefighters here are morticians, businessmen, ministers, appraisers. You name it.
Last week was Fire Prevention Week and during the month of October, Alamosa volunteer fire fighters take time off to go into classrooms and clubs to give programs which they hope would put them out of a job.
Property appraiser Jack Johnson, who has been fire chief of the Alamosa Volunteer Fire Department the past three years, said last year firemen responded to 182 "calls of service," not all of them fires.
The Rocky Mountain Soils fire was the 110th such call. Assistant Fire Chief Mike Rogers, owner of Rogers Family Mortuary, said firemen also are present at extracations and stand by at accidents, among other things.
He and Lynn Mortensen, manager of Rakhra Mushroom Farm - which owns Rocky Mountain Soils - called the response to Wednesday's blaze "immediate and very good."
"I think they saved the plant," Mortensen said, noting that when he reached the scene, flames 30 to 50 feet high were eating at the shop area, built this past year.
"I was worried about the roof caving in because the tresses were gone," Mortensen said, adding that it was obvious the firemen had "training and practice. The teamwork was evident. Everybody had their job and was doing their job."
"Our guys are very dedicated, very well-trained and the city and county provide good equipment," Rogers said.
But Alamosa firefighters did not win Wednesday's battle all alone. A like number of volunteer firefighters from the Mosca-Hooper Volunteer Fire Department to the north were called in, helping save the day.
"We have a close kinship with other departments which is good for a rural community. Over the years it has become an asset. We help each other," Rogers said.
Mortensen said the 15 Mosca-Hooper volunteers attacked the fire from the north while Alamosa's firemen attacked the fire from the south, thus controlling it and keeping it from spreading.
The combination of dedication, availability of water, prime-condition equipment and vehicles and cooperation mean something to property owners they don't think about: a lower insurance rating by the Insurance Services Organization, Rogers noted.
"A lower number is better. During the 1980s, all those factors resulted in a reduced rating. The district went down to 5 from 7," he said. That means a reduction in insurance premiums.
And Johnson says the department is working on other ways to control fires better. Taking a leaf from the book of neighboring Rio Grande County, Alamosa is working with power suppliers and farmers to establish fire wells which can be used by fire fighters, reducing the distance tankers have to go to haul water to fires.
Wednesday's fire took an estimated 10,000 gallons to fight.
And the job doesn't end there.
After Wednesday's fire, volunteers fought four more, in less than a 28-hour period.


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Northern Irish Singer-Songwriter Kaz Hawkins To Release Greatest Hits 'My Life And I' On Vinyl
Kaz Hawkins, the vocal powerhouse whose vocal elasticity places her in the company of the great singers of blues, soul, folk, funk, rhythm 'n blues... all rooted in the fervour of the gospel choirs. And yet, Kaz Hawkins was born in Northern Ireland and learned her trade in the bars of Belfast where her father took her, amidst the chaos of a country plagued by segregation and war. Kaz Hawkins is an authentic artist, true salt of the earth, whose exceptional tone, words and music touch the deepest of any hearts.
After 4 albums, 2 EPs and a live album, this compilation, My Life and I, is being distributed on the international scene for the first time, and acts as a superb link between her storied past and her powerful present, for listeners new and old.
The album is another bridge crossed, turning towards 'better days', she says, laughing heartily. The record is being released on premiere Paris-based Blues label DixieFrog Recordings. Unknown in France, Kaz decided to settle there.
"I fell in love with [their] culture. Here, no one labels me. I am free to write a new chapter in my life."
This double LP ( already available on CD) spans some of her finest originals and covers in 'Feeling Good' written by Anthony Newly and Leslie Bricusse, two Etta James covers: 'Something's Gotta Hold On Me' and 'At Last', and a breathtaking cover of 'Full Force Gale' by her compatriot Van Morrison.
At her side over the years musicians who have been with her from the start include: percussionist David Jamison (who co-produced all original tracks), Sam York (keyboards), Michael McKinney and Jan Uhrin (bass), Nick McConkey & Stef Paglia (guitars) and Peter Uhrin (drums).
To understand such emotion with all the imperfections that create the intensity of her singing, you need to head back in time. To that of a small girl, who secretly wrote poetry in an attempt to forget the pain of a tainted innocence. It was also when she entered her first talent show interpreting Doris Day's 'Secret Love'. The much impressed artistic director of the show led her towards another repertoire: that of Etta James. Such advice was to overwhelm the young girl of twelve. On hearing the cassette of 'Saint-Louis Blues', that her grandmother brought back from the market, Kaz parted with her pretty meringue dress and her sheet music for 'No, no Nanette' and 'Tea for Two', to wholly embrace this soothing music.
"I could hear the sadness and identified with it. I wanted to sing like her, but without imitating her", she recalls.
A symbolic legacy that would lead her to adopt the name of the lady that had always inspired her ( Etta James was born Jamesetta Hawkins).
And so began the concerts with covers from Etta, but also from Aretha Franklin and Joe Cocker. Years that were also tainted by violence that left scars.
"Music was my refuge, like a comforter! When I sing, I feel safe. My past has made me the artist I am, but it doesn't define me" she confides.
Website: www.kazhawkins.com
Facebook: www.facebook.com/kazhawkinsmusic
Twitter: twitter.com/kazhawkinsmusic
Instagram: www.instagram.com/kazhawkinsmusic


Village President Paul Serwatka responds to a public comment during a village board meeting Tuesday, June 12, 2018 in Lakewood.
Paul Serwatka has resigned as Lakewood village president.
Serwatka wrote that the village faces numerous challenges. His letter, dated Monday, said his resignation took effect at 4:30 p.m. Tuesday.
"With the ongoing obstructionism from some remaining board members – along with those from the past board/administration that we know have been counseling them to thwart our efforts to not only reform our village government, but to also continue to unearth the unaccounted for expenditures and plunder of the past administration – I sincerely hope that some good folks, with integrity and fortitude, will step up to the plate this coming April and run for village office in the 2019 election to ensure that the accomplishments we have made thus far will not be for naught, or even undone, as Trustees Jason McMahon and Carl Davis so adamantly intend," he wrote.
Serwatka, 50, told the Northwest Herald he recently moved his family to northern Alabama, near Huntsville. His Turnberry home in the 9800 block of Palmer Drive is for sale. It's listed on Realtor.com as contingent, meaning an offer has been accepted to sell it, but the sale has not yet closed.
Serwatka was elected in May 2017 on a promise to cut taxes. His term expires in April 2019, so remaining trustees must vote among themselves to choose an interim president.
Stephan said the board believes the senior member, Trustee J. Carl Davis, should serve as interim president.
Serwatka, who for months has faced intense criticism from residents for making plans to move without stepping down, said he has no regrets.
Serwatka said he's looking forward to spending more time with his family because serving as president meant he devoted "hundreds of hours" to the village. He also said Alabama is run better.
He said he's most proud of abolishing the village's $66 million tax increment financing district. A previous board created the TIF district to help spur economic development.