milk diet – Being a BARIATRIC babe..
So let me be the first to explain, I have never been a patient person. If I wanted something, I wanted it then and there. And the older I've got, things haven't improved.
And here I am having to be oh so patient and just wait for my name to hit the top of the Bariatric surgery waiting list, and man am I fed up of waiting already. I've been on the waiting list about 3 weeks so far and I could have to wait up to 5 months for surgery, or maybe even longer. As you can tell by the title of this post, I am so over waiting already. But alas here I am still waiting.
One good thing has happened though, I have been given the date of my education session. To the best of my knowledge this session is to educate me on what I can eat and when I can eat it after surgery. I assume this explains all about sloppy/mushy food stages. I can tell you now that I wont be blending roast dinners or chicken tikka masala's like some people. Just the thought of that has made me feel nauseous. So anyway this education session is booked for the early part of June so I wont have to wait long to tick this stage off my list of things I am required to do prior to getting my surgery date. And people who have come through the NHS process with me still don't have a date for their education session yet. I can only assume that this is because I don't require any further testing for things like sleep apnoea, nor do I need an Intensive Care bed after surgery.
Anyway I digress, I am sat here impatiently waiting, and I get a phone call on Thursday morning, before 9am from a withheld number, and I know straight away this is from the hospital and it was. It was the bariatric nurse, and I think to myself this is it. This is the call to give me my date and ask me to start the Milk Diet. But nope it really wasn't, it was to tell me I need more Vitamin D and Iron so can I please start taking these vitamins now in preparation for surgery. So even though this is a positive call and it takes me one step closer to surgery it was a massive anti-climax. I'm still waiting and man is this going to feel like a long summer whilst I do.
I promise to keep you abreast of any developments, and hopefully I will be joining the losers bench soon.


text:
Ammatucha semiirrorella is a species of snout moth in the genus Ammatucha. It was described by George Hampson in 1896 and is known from south-east Asia (including Bhutan and Nagas), as well as Australia.

References

 , 2006, Review of Ammatucha Turner with descriptions of three new species Zootaxa 1131: 59-68.

Moths described in 1896
Phycitini
Moths of Asia
Moths of Australia

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Q: Jar file not running when project and Renjin get compiled using a single Jar? I'm making a java project on Eclipse that is using Renjin.jar file. The project run fine on IDE but when I export it to an executable jar file, it does not work or work partially until it reach a Renjin.jar part.

A: If you want a self executing jar that includes all of the dependencies, then you will need a build tool like Gradle or Maven. Here is a blog post that walks you through it:
https://www.baeldung.com/gradle-fat-jar

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Dance Party Friday: DJs From Mars | Music Reviews from the Underskilled.
For the first couple months of listening to this mash-up, I could only find the version on YouTube from a Spanish YouTube channel that only referred to the artist as "Amazing" and something about "vogliamo auguravi" but my 5 years of sitting in Spanish class and only participating when I was forced to isn't really helping me translate anything. So, today when I finally put some effort into discovering the real artist of the song, I decided it should also get some more exposure.
Anyway, the mash-up sums up 2012 in music and it's like… really good. It covers all the genres, it covers all the hits (good and bad). It mashes them in a way that you can't even tell that it would ever be 26 different songs. Drink to it. Dance to it. Just listen.


When "Angry Birds In Space" launched last week, many of you noticed that while it was made available for just about every operating system, it wasn't available for Windows Phones.
Bloomberg quoted Peter Vesterbacka, an executive from Rovio, the maker of the popular Angry Birds apps, who said there just wasn't to be one for Windows Phones. He cited the costs of making the game as the reason, noting that there are far more iOS and Android devices that there are Windows mobile devices.
That set off a fury statements from a variety of sources about the future of Windows Phones. If Angry Birds can't be loaded onto Windows Phones, will people still buy them?
The Washington Post said this would be a major blow to Nokia, who has bet their future on the Windows Phone operating system.
But hold your horses – Rovio's CEO has jumped in to say that they do plan to make an Angry Birds In Space for Windows Phones. He is quoted on Reuters as saying "We are working towards getting Angry Birds Space to WP7," he said quite definitively, as well as denying reports that Rovio will no longer support Windows Phones.
He did not say when that version will be available, nor did he state a reason for the confusion.


ujjal kumar saha's Page - THE JAZZ NETWORK WORLDWIDE "A GREAT PLACE TO HANG"
Jazz guitarist basically from kolkata,Classically trained jazz guitarist does the the jazz gig throughout the country in duo and trio ensemble.
Recently working on the fusion project(jazz, karnatic and flamenco ).
Cousin! I dig your thing.
Very nice to meet you here! Your videos are great!!!


text:
Renarts Launches new "Dead End Kids" Reebok Sneaker with After-Hours Celebration at the East Northport-Based Retail Location
The team behind the new "Dead End Kids" Reebok Sneaker pose together, each wearing the shoe, during at launch party on October 18. The sneaker, which borrows its name from media headlines, was designed with inspiration from the 1986 World Series Mets.
Limited Edition Sneaker Designed with Inspiration from 1986 World Series Mets
East Northport, New York – Though the New York Mets have been on the field for more than 50 years, it is perhaps the 1986 Word Series team – and the seasons that followed – that are the embodiment of the rollercoaster on which its fans ride. And, it is that squad that inspired the creative team at Renarts to design the "Dead End Kids" Reebok sneaker, which was launched earlier this week with a celebration at the retailer's East Northport storefront on Tuesday, October 18. The party was attended by the store's owners and employees, representatives from Reebok, Mets fans and Renarts customers alike.
Coinciding with the team's 30th Anniversary, and tell-all books from Ron Darling and Lenny Dykstra, the Renarts team drew inspiration for the new "Dead End Kids" Reebok sneaker from the '86 Mets squad. With a royal blue, suede toe, this new sneaker appears to be every bit the cool, suave, sophisticated Met to which it is associated. But, a closer look reveals a darkness behind the façade – in this case, the sneaker's black leather insoles, sides and back.
Though each is younger than the team itself, the creative personalities associated with the shoe grew up with stories of the legendary "Miracle Mets," including those from 1986. On the outside, the '86 Mets were the shiny, glimmering symbol of hope for New York baseball – which was tormented by poor showings by the region's beloved New York Yankees throughout the 1980s – but, in the locker room and on the road, the team was plagued with fighting, jealousy and egos that were further fueled by the drug and alcohol abuse common in major league sports at that time.
It was this team that Sports Illustrated Magazine plastered on a cover in 1995, with a headline that read "The Dead End Kids," from which the shoe name was derived. The '86 team was the specific inspiration for the blue toe and black back of the sneaker, but a closer inspection reveals orange and blue piping indicative of the now long-gone, and adoringly remembered, neon signs of Shea Stadium – a true symbol that any "Mets Faithful" would be proud to wear.
Working collaboratively with the designers at Reebok, the Renarts team went through several designs before ultimately landing on one that everyone loved. A staple on the North Shore of Long Island since 1981, Renarts has always set out to show its love for all things sports – past, present and future. It's from this mantra that the company owners inspire their employees to focus their creative attention.
A Renarts exclusive, the "Dead End Kids" Reebok sneaker is now available in-store (2060 Jericho Turnpike, East Northport, New York 11731) and online at www.renarts.com.
About Renarts
Renarts has been a staple of the community on the North Shore of Long Island, New York for the past 30 years. Since opening its doors in 1981 as the neighborhood sneaker store, the company has prided itself on serving a loyal and diverse customer base in an era when big-box retail franchises have dominated the footwear and apparel industry. The company's new storefront, on Jericho Turnpike in East Northport, is specifically designed to express the owners' love for all things sports – past, present and future – as it is their belief that, in order to know where you're headed, it is important to know where you've been. The character and atmosphere in the store speaks to a taste for both classic and vintage athletics, while the carefully selected product offerings reflect a well-rounded assortment that consist of the latest innovations in footwear and sportswear, cutting-edge street wear and a generous dose of retro-inspired products that harkens back to the owners' roots. For more information, visit www.renarts.com or call 631-493-2333.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Criminal Justice Act 2007
Updated to 28 June 2017
This Revised Act is an administrative consolidation of the Criminal Justice Act 2007. It is prepared by the Law Reform Commission in accordance with its function under the Law Reform Commission Act 1975 (3/1975) to keep the law under review and to undertake revision and consolidation of statute law.
All Acts up to and including Criminal Justice Act 2017 (14/2017), enacted 28 June 2017, and all statutory instruments up to and including European Communities (Minimum Conditions for Examining Agriculture Plant Species (Amendment) Regulations 2017 (S.I. No. 311 of 2017), made 30 June 2017, were considered in the preparation of this Revised Act.
This Revised Act presents the text of the Act as it has been amended since enactment, and preserves the format in which it was first passed.
Bail Acts 1997 and 2007 : this Act, Part 2, is one of a group of Acts included in this collective citation ( Criminal Justice Act 2007 (29/2007), s. 1(3)). The Acts in the group are:
• Bail Act 1997 (16/1997)
• Criminal Justice Act 2007 (29/2007), Part 2
Misuse of Drugs Acts 1977 to 2017 : this Act, Part 5, is one of a group of Acts included in this collective citation to be construed together as one ( Misuse of Drugs (Supervised Injecting Facilities) Act 2017 (7/2017), s. 13(2)). The Acts in the group are:
• Misuse of Drugs Act 1977 (12/1977)
• Criminal Justice Act 1999 (10/1999), Part II, other than s. 7
• Irish Medicines Board (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 2006 (3/2006), Part 2
• Criminal Justice Act 2006 (26/2006), Part 8, other than s. 86
• Misuse Of Drugs (Amendment) Act 2015 (6/2015)
• Misuse Of Drugs (Supervised Injecting Facilities) Act 2017 (7/2017)
Firearms Acts 1925 to 2009 : this Act, Part 6, is one of a group of Acts included in this collective citation to be construed together as one ( Criminal Justice (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 2009 (28/2009), s. 1(2)). The Acts in the group are:
• Firearms Act 1925 (17/1925)
• Firearms Act 1964 (1/1964)
• Firearms and Offensive Weapons Act 1990 (12/1990), Part II
• Firearms (Temporary Provisions) Act 1998 (32/1998), other than s.2
• Firearms (Firearms Certificates for Non-Residents) Act 2000 (20/2000), other than s.4
• Criminal Justice Act 2006 (26/2006), Part 5 and sch. 1
• Criminal Justice (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 2009 (28/2009), Part 4
The Firearms (Proofing) Act 1968 (20/1968) is excluded from the collective citation from 14 July 2000 by the Firearms (Firearms Certificates for Non-Residents) Act 2000, s. 8(2).
The European Communities (European Communities (Acquisition and Possession of Weapons and Ammunition) Regulations 1993 (S.I. No. 362 of 1993), as amended, also deal with firearms.
Garda Síochána Acts 2005 to 2015 : this Act, Part 7, is one of a group of Acts included in this collective citation ( Garda Síochána (Amendment) Act 2015 (3/2015), s. 14(2)). The Acts in the group are:
• Garda Síochána Act 2005 (20/2005)
• Garda Síochána (Amendment) Act 2015 (3/2015), other than ss. 12 and 13
Sea-Fisheries Acts 2003 to 2007 : this Act, Part 8, is one of a group of Acts included in this collective citation ( Criminal Justice Act 2007 (29/2007), s. 1(7)). The Acts in the group are:
• Fisheries (Amendment) Act 2003 (21/2003), other than Part 5
• Sea-Fisheries and Maritime Jurisdiction Act 2006 (8/2006), Part 2 and Part 4, Chapter 2
This Revised Act is annotated and includes textual and non-textual amendments, statutory instruments made pursuant to the Act and previous affecting provisions. A version without annotations, showing only textual amendments, is also available.
• Criminal Justice Act (14/2017)
• Criminal Justice (Forensic Evidence and DNA Database System) Act 2014 (11/2014)
• Criminal Justice Act 2011 (22/2011)
• Criminal Justice (Amendment) Act 2009 (32/2009)
• Criminal Justice (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 2009 (28/2009)
All Acts up to and including Criminal Justice Act 2017 (14/2017), enacted 28 June 2017, were considered in the preparation of this revision.
• Justice and Law Reform (Alteration of Name of Department and Title of Minister) Order 2011 (S.I. No. 138 of 2011)
• Criminal Justice Act 1984 (Electronic Recording of Interviews) (Amendment) Regulations 2010 (S.I. No. 560 of 2010)
• Justice, Equality and Law Reform (Alteration of Name of Department and Title of Minister) Order 2010 (S.I. No. 216 of 2010)
• Post-Release (Restrictions on Certain Activities) Orders Scheme 2010 (S.I. No. 330 of 2010)
• Criminal Justice Act 2007 (Commencement) Order 2009 (S.I. No. 165 of 2009)
• Criminal Justice Act 1984 (Electronic Recording of Interviews) Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 74 of 1997)
All statutory instruments up to and including European Communities (Minimum Conditions for Examining Agriculture Plant Species (Amendment) Regulations 2017 (S.I. No. 311 of 2017), made 28 June 2017, were considered in the preparation of this revision.
1. Short title, collective citations, construction and commencement.
3. Repeals.
Amendment of Enactments Relating to Bail
5. Amendment of section 1 of Act of 1997.
6. Statement by applicants for bail charged with serious offences.
7. Evidence in applications for bail under section 2.
10. Application of section 6 in relation to certain appellants.
11. Electronic monitoring of certain persons admitted to bail.
12. Evidence of electronic monitoring.
13. Arrangements for electronic monitoring.
14. Amendment of section 8 of Act of 1997.
15. Estreatment of recognisance and forfeiture of moneys paid into court.
16. Regulations.
17. Amendment of Schedule to Act of 1997.
18. Amendment of section 22 of Act of 1967.
21. Amendment of section 68 of Children Act 2001.
24. Interpretation ( Part 3).
25. Commission of another offence within specified period.
26. Monitoring orders and protection of persons orders.
26A. Post-release orders in cases of certain offences.
27. Amendment of Criminal Justice (Legal Aid) Act 1962.
Inferences to be Drawn in Certain Circumstances
28. Inferences from failure or refusal to account for objects, marks, etc.
29. Inferences from failure or refusal to account for accused's presence at a particular place.
30. Inferences from failure of accused to mention particular facts.
31. Amendment of section 2 of Offences Against the State (Amendment) Act 1998.
Misuse of Drugs
33. Amendment of section 27 of Misuse of Drugs Act 1977.
Amendment of Firearms Acts 1925 to 2006
38. Amendment of section 27A of Act of 1964.
39. Amendment of section 27B of Act of 1964.
Amendment of Garda Síochána Act 2005
41. Establishment and functions of Garda Síochána Executive Management Board.
42. Special inquiries relating to Garda Síochána.
43. Other amendments to Act of 2005.
Amendments to the Sea-Fisheries Acts 2003 and 2006
44. Amendments to Sea-Fisheries Acts 2003 and 2006.
45. Amendment of Garda Síochána (Complaints) Act 1986.
46. Amendment of Act of 2006.
47. Amendment of section 15 of Criminal Justice (Theft and Fraud Offences) Act 2001.
49. Destruction of records.
50. Powers of detention for specified offences.
51. Rearrest.
52. Application of certain provisions of Act of 1984.
53. Amendment of Criminal Justice (Forensic Evidence) Act 1990.
54. Amendment of section 5 of Criminal Justice (Drug Trafficking) Act 1996.
56. Copy of recording of questioning by Garda Síochána to be given to accused.
57. Admission in evidence of recording of questioning of accused by Garda Síochána.
58. Amendment of section 8 of Criminal Assets Bureau Act 1996.
59. Amendment of section 29 of Courts of Justice Act 1924.
Enactments Repealed
Offences for the purposes of Part 3
Bail Act 1997
Children Act 2001
Criminal Assets Bureau Act 1996
Continental Shelf Act 1968
Criminal Justice (Drug Trafficking) Act 1996
Criminal Justice (Forensic Evidence) Act 1990
Criminal Justice (Legal Aid) Act 1962
Criminal Justice (Public Order) Act 1994
Criminal Justice (Theft and Fraud Offences) Act 2001
Criminal Law (Jurisdiction) Act 1976
Criminal Law Act 1997
Criminal Procedure Act 1967
European Parliament Elections Act 1997
Explosive Substances Act 1883
46 & 47 Vic., c. 3
Explosives Act 1875
38 & 39 Vic., c. 17
Firearms (Firearm Certificates for Non-Residents) Act 2000
Firearms Act 1925
Firearms Acts 1925 to 2006
Firearms and Offensive Weapons Act 1990
Garda Síochána (Complaints) Act 1986
Misuse of Drugs Act 1977
Misuse of Drugs Acts 1977 to 2006
National Cultural Institutions Act 1997
Non-Fatal Offences against the Person Act 1997
Offences Against the State (Amendment) Act 1998
Offences Against the State Act 1939
Prisons Act 1970
Protection of Employees (Part-Time Work) Act 2001
Sea-Fisheries Acts 2003 and 2006
Sea-Fisheries and Maritime Jurisdiction Act 2006
The Courts of Justice Act 1924
AN ACT TO AMEND CERTAIN ENACTMENTS, INCLUDING THE BAIL ACT 1997, THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE ACT 1984, THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE (LEGAL AID) ACT 1962, THE OFFENCES AGAINST THE STATE (AMENDMENT) ACT 1998, THE MISUSE OF DRUGS ACT 1977, THE FIREARMS ACTS 1925 TO 2006, THE GARDA SÍOCHÁNA ACT 2005, THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE ACT 2006, THE CRIMINAL ASSETS BUREAU ACT 1996 AND THE SEA-FISHERIES ACTS 2003 AND 2006, TO AMEND THE LAW IN RELATION TO SENTENCING IN CERTAIN RESPECTS, TO MAKE PROVISION IN RELATION TO THE ADMINISTRATION OF CAUTIONS BY MEMBERS OF THE GARDA SÍOCHÁNA TO PERSONS IN RELATION TO OFFENCES, TO PROVIDE FOR ADDITIONAL POWERS OF DETENTION BY THE GARDA SÍOCHÁNA OF PERSONS SUSPECTED OF CERTAIN OFFENCES FOLLOWING ARREST OR REARREST OF SUCH PERSONS IN CONNECTION WITH THE INVESTIGATION OF SUCH OFFENCES, AND TO PROVIDE FOR RELATED MATTERS.
[9 th May, 2007]
References to "Department of Justice and Law Reform" and "Minister for Justice and Law Reform" construed (2.04.2011) by Justice and Law Reform (Alteration of Name of Department and Title of Minister) Order 2011 (S.I. No. 138 of 2011), in effect as per art. 1(2).
4. In an enactment or instrument made under an enactment—
( a) references to the Department of Justice and Law Reform shall be construed as references to the Department of Justice and Equality;
( b) references to the Minister for Justice and Law Reform shall be construed as references to the Minister for Justice and Equality.
Previous affecting provision: references to "Department of Justice, Equality and Law Reform" and "Minister for Justice, Equality and Law Reform" construed (2.06.2010) by Justice, Equality and Law Reform (Alteration of Name of Department and Title of Minister) Order 2010 (S.I. No. 216 of 2010), in effect as per art. 1(2); superceded as per C-note above.


text:
Home Content LGBT News Page 46
Gay man appointed the president of William Paterson University
Out In Jersey - March 16, 2018
President Trump signs executive order giving churches more political freedom
French police officer killed was a part of LGBT community
Fake news: Who's watching for and taking action on it
Jersey Pride weekend celebrates 27 years this week
J.L. Gaynor - June 24, 2019
Independence Township Public Library had to cancel the event Drag Queen Story Hours at local libraries and bookstores are increasingly popular, especially during LGBT Pride...
LGBT History – Lyon, Martin paved the way for lesbians
Alex Madison - October 14, 2017
In a time when President Donald Trump has directed a ban on transgender individuals from serving in the military, his administration has rescinded protections...
Marriage inequality is ruled constitutional by court in Puerto Rico
Out In Jersey - October 31, 2014
US District Judge Juan Perez-Giminez ruled the Puerto Rican commonwealth's ban on same-sex marriage is constitutional. He dismissed a case brought by Lambda Legal on behalf of five same-sex couples and LGBT civil rights group Puerto Rico Para Todas.
Aetna fined for HIV privacy violations
J.L. Gaynor - October 14, 2018
LGBT healthcare news Aetna, Inc. has agreed to pay a fine of over $350,000 for violating the privacy of policy holders in the state of...
Finding tolerance in paradise
Out Travel A vacation in paradise for some is a warm, sunny destination, turquoise waters, fine white sandy beaches, and endless drinks with pink...
The top U.S. cities for same-sex couples according to the census
Out In Jersey - July 28, 2011
U.S. News and World Report writer crunches the numbers
The 2010 census marked the first time that same-sex married couples will be counted as such in the decennial population count. During the 2000 census, even when no state recognized same-sex marriages, many gay couples listed themselves as spouses; now that five states, plus the District of Columbia, issue licenses to same-sex couples, the bureau will be able to count them more accurately, and that data will be released for the first time ever this November. Danielle Kurtzleben's article in U.S. News and World Report avaialble here.
Interior Secretary's daughter calls out the President on transgender ban
J.L. Gaynor - September 2, 2017
Jennifer Detlefsen, the daughter of Interior Secretary Ryan Zinke, called out President Donald Trump on her Instagram account in regards to his signing of...
NJ Buddies celebrates 30 years of service to the AIDS/HIV community...
Out In Jersey - August 23, 2015
NJ Buddies is 30 years old this week. Over 30 years ago the founders brought hope for so many people afflicted with AIDS and HIV and they continue to do so today.
Netflix documentary explores death of a mother of the trans community
Jen Colletta editor of PGN - November 2, 2017
LGBT History month Almost 23 years to the day after helping to lead the seminal uprising against police at the Stonewall Inn, Marsha P....
LGBT citizens are not being treated fairly by Trump administration
The U.S. Department of Justice has finally responded to a Freedom of Information Act request to release information. The request asks how LGBT people...


Original Epson Inkjet Cartridges with DURABrite™ Ultra ink technology, suited for the Epson ColorWorks C7500G color label printer. This finely pigmented ink was especially designed for printing on glossy materials. Original Epson consumable materials allow for quick and easy exchanging. Since the cartridges are seperate, they can be exchanged when the colors are really empty. Save money with Epson DURABrite™ Ultra inkjet cartridges, availabe in black, magenta, cyan and yellow!


text:
Revelation: Ancient Christian Commentary on Scripture (ACCS)
Title: Revelation: Ancient Christian Commentary on Scripture (ACCS)
Publisher: InterVarsity Press (IVP)
Author: Thomas C. Oden and William Weinrich
The Ancient Christian Commentary on Scripture does what very few of today's students of the Bible could do for themselves. With the aid of computer technology, the vast array of writings from the church fathers—including much that is available only in the ancient languages—have been combed for their comment on Scripture. From these results, scholars with a deep knowledge of the fathers and a heart for the church have hand-selected material for each volume, shaping, annotating and introducing it to today's readers. Each portion of commentary has been chosen for its salient insight, its rhetorical power and its faithful representation of the consensual exegesis of the early church.
The Ancient Christian Commentary on Scripture is an ecumenical project, promoting a vital link of communication between the varied Christian traditions of today and their common ancient ancestors in the faith. On this shared ground, we listen as leading pastoral theologians of seven centuries gather around the text of Scripture and offer their best theological, spiritual and pastoral insights.
Today the historical-critical method of interpretation has nearly exhausted its claim on the biblical text and on the church. In its wake there is a widespread yearning among Christian individuals and communities for the wholesome, the deep and the enduring. The Ancient Christian Commentary on Scripture does not seek to replace those excellent commentaries that have been produced in the twentieth century. Rather, it supplements them, framing them with interpretive voices that have long sustained the church and only recently have fallen silent. It invites us to listen with appreciative ears and sympathetic minds as our ancient ancestors in the faith describe and interpret the scriptural vistas as they see them.
The Ancient Christian Commentary on Scripture is a postcritical revival of the early commentary tradition known as the glossa ordinaria, a text artfully elaborated with ancient and authoritative reflections and insights. An uncommon companion for theological interpretation, spiritual reading, and wholesome teaching and preaching.
About the Revelation volume:
The Revelation to John--with its vivid images and portraits of conflict leading up to the marriage supper of the Lamb, the cosmic destruction of evil, and the formation of a new heaven and a new earth--was widely read, even as it was variously interpreted in the early church. Approaches to its interpretation ranged from the millenarian approach of Victorinus of Petovium to the more symbolic interpretation of Tyconius, who read Revelation in the sense of the universal and unitary time of the church. Tyconius's Book of Rules, deeply admired by Augustine with its seven principles of interpretation, strongly influenced not only ongoing interpretation of the Revelation but the whole of medieval exegesis.
From early on the book of Revelation was more widely accepted in the West than in the East. Indeed the earliest extant commentaries on Revelation in Greek date from Oecumenius's commentary in the sixth century, which was soon accompanied by that of Andrew of Caesarea. Earlier Eastern fathers did, however, make reference to Revelation in noncommentary works.
This ACCS volume edited by William C. Weinrich draws heavily on the two Greek commentaries from Oecumenius and Andrew of Caesarea to represent Eastern interpretation, while focusing on six other commentaries as primary witnesses to Western interpretation--those of Victorinus of Petovium, Tyconius, Primasius, Caesarius of Arles, Apringius of Beja and Bede the Venerable. Every effort has been made to give adequate context so that the creative use of Scripture, the theological interest and the pastoral intent can be discerned by readers today.
Amid this treasure trove of early interpretation readers will find much that appears in English translation for the first time.
This volume can be purchased individually or as part of the Ancient Christian Commentary on Scripture (ACCS) Set.
Romans: Ancient Christian Commentary on Scripture (ACCS)
James, 1-2 Peter, 1-3 John, Jude: Ancient Christian Commentary on Scripture (ACCS)
Acts: Ancient Christian Commentary on Scripture (ACCS)
Luke: Ancient Christian Commentary on Scripture (ACCS)
Ezekiel, Daniel: Ancient Christian Commentary on Scripture (ACCS)
Colossians, 1-2 Thessalonians, 1-2 Timothy, Titus, Philemon: Ancient Christian Commentary on Scripture (ACCS)
IVP New Testament Commentary Series - 1 Peter
Bible History of the Old Testament (7 Vols.)


Established in April'03, Mazzika was founded to cater for Arab youth's musical entertainment.
Mazzika targets youth between the ages of 18-25 belonging to the B & C+ social class, and covers 75% of the Arabic speaking communities.
Exclusive coverage of the most notorious international stars performances world wide which include Ricky Martin, Shaggy, and Enrique Eglasies to name a few.
Exceptional coverage of the best concerts performed by big hits like Tamer Hosny, Mostafa Amar, and Nancy Agram.
Exclusive in depth interviews with some of the most prominent international stars, such as Massari, Ricky Martin, and Craig David. Music programs bringing the audience up to date on all that's happening in the international and Arab world of music as it happens.
Mazzika Tv follows a "youth-by-youth" strategy implemented through positioning itself as a young spirited, funky and up to date channel, reflecting its demographics' interest.


1000Bulbs.com has launched an introductory text (SMS) delivery notification option for customers. These alerts send customers a basic status update via the convenience of a text message when an order has shipped. The updates will improve customers' experience and help provide estimated time of delivery.
After customers have placed an order, they have the option of providing a mobile phone number. The text notifications are supported by all major phone carriers through the API from the cloud communications company, Twilio. Twilio is a software communication company that is designed to help developers build voice and messaging applications. Twilio supports more than 1,000 cellphone carriers. The standard message and data rates do apply to this service.
In the future, 1000Bulbs.com will be integrating with FedEx and USPS APIs for "last touch" delivery notifications and other beneficial features for this mobile service. Visit www.1000bulbs.com to try the new SMS system or contact 1000Bulbs.com staff to learn more about it.


Audioboom / 67- Don't Call Me That!
Amy and Lacey found out that they are labeled something that don't agree with... It's worse than you think. Please don't call us that!
But you can call us a lot of pretty things when you rate, subscribe and leave us a comment on iTunes and Google Play! Also, hit us up on socials- Loose Lips and Child-Bearing Hips on Insta and Facebook, Loose Lips Hips on Twitter.


With the DACA deadline passing, and still no action on immigration from either Congress or the White House, we discuss the various consequences from its protections lapsing.
TPT One-Shots: How Many Guns Would Be in Schools If Trump's "Arm Teachers" Plan Were Enacted?
President Trump's plan of arming teachers looks to be a position that he isn't backing down from. So that begs the question, how many more guns would there be in schools if Trump's plan of arming teachers became reality?
We're back from break and wanted to let you know some of the website's plans are for the coming weeks.
Understanding why federal relief aid for Puerto Rico has been slow for the US territory.
The Logan Act has been in the political lexicon quite a bit as of late. But what exactly is it and why do so many people care about an over 200-year-old statute?


text:
Tutorials » View Frustum Culling » Geometric Approach – Testing Points and Spheres
Geometric Approach – Testing Points and Spheres
Prev: Implementation Next: Testing Boxes
Once the planes have been extracted, it is possible to find out if a point is inside or outside the frustum. Computing the signed distance tells us which side of the plane the point is on. Assuming that the planes' normals are pointing inwards, then if the signed distance is negative the point is outside the frustum. Otherwise the point is on the right side of the plane.
The following function of the class FrustumG shows a possible implementation. The parameter is the point to be tested.
int FrustumG::pointInFrustum(Vec3 &p) {
int result = INSIDE;
for(int i=0; i < 6; i++) {
if (pl[i].distance(p) < 0)
return OUTSIDE;
return(result);
Notice the early way out of the function. If a point is inside the frustum it must be on the right side of every plane, therefore in order to accept a point, all six planes must be tested. However, to reject a point all that is needed is for the point to be on the wrong side of a single plane.
To test an object, all vertices could be tested. If all the vertices are on the wrong side of a plane then the object would be outside the frustum. However this test may be too time consuming for large objects. Consider a car with 10000 polygons, in the worst case scenario 10000 tests would have to be done to reach a conclusion of the whereabouts of the car relative to the frustum.
In this case it is very likely that asking the graphics hardware to render the car would have been faster than performing all the tests and then, on top of it, maybe having to render the car anyway.
Hence for complex objects testing all vertices is not an option, instead bounding volumes are used. Several types of bounding volumes exist, and two of the most popular, for their simplicity, are spheres and boxes.
Finding a sphere that contains all the vertices of the car is an easy task (the average of the vertices is the center of the sphere, and the radius is the distance to the farthest vertex), and testing a sphere is extremely fast as it will be shown next.
There is a trade-of in here: simplicity of the test implies faster but less accurate testing: the car may be outside the frustum, but the sphere may be partially inside. Less tests imply that potentially stuff that is outside of the frustum will be sent to the graphics hardware. But as long as there is a good match between the bounding volume and the object, this strategy does compensate.
Testing spheres is similar to testing points, except for the radius of the sphere. A sphere is out of the frustum if its center is on the wrong side of at least one plane and the distance to the plane is greater than the radius of the sphere. If the absolute value of the distance is smaller than the radius then the sphere intersects the plane, meaning that the sphere is partially on the right side of the plane. Otherwise the sphere is completely on the right side of the plane.
int FrustumG::sphereInFrustum(Vec3 &p, float radius) {
float distance;
distance = pl[i].distance(p);
if (distance < -radius)
else if (distance < radius)
result =  INTERSECT;
The function receives as parameters the center and radius of the sphere and tests the distance against all planes.
9 Responses to "Geometric Approach – Testing Points and Spheres"
anass says:
Thanks for your tutorial. It's a good course!
I have a question. i'm working on triangular meshes. How can i get the faces that the camera target ? (see here for example if the mesh is a person and the camera targets his face, how can i get the vertices that constitue only the face, and not vertices of the back of the head? ).
ARF says:
Just enable culling. glEnable(GL_CULL_FACE);
Cornfed says:
The sphere test contains false positives when the sphere intersects 2 planes in a corner and don't intersect the frustum.
Marvin says:
What is a negative distance?
Are not all distances between 2 vectors or points greater or equal than null?
If pl[i] ist a vector and p is a vector, the distance is
sqrt( (pl[i].x-p.x)*pl[i].x-p.x)+(pl[i].y-p.y)*pl[i].y-p.y)+(pl[i].z-p.z)*pl[i].z-p.z) )
is always greater or equal than null.
Hi Marvin,
You're right when you say that a distance is always positive. When considering the distance from a point to a plane, computed as shown in here, see section "Distance from a point to a plane", the distance is the absolute value of a computation. The initial result of that computation, without the absolute value step, can be positive or negative, hence the term "signed distance". This "signed distance" tells us in which side of the plane the point is located and that's exactly what we want when we are doing View Frustum Culling.
Thanks for your fast reply.
Where i take my planes.
From modelViewMatrix, perspectiveMatrix or modelViewProjectionMatrix?
Considering the clip space approach its the projection-view-model matrix.
Thanks,yes it is so. So my points for culling test
must also lay in this space?
The points must be in the same space where the planes we're extracted. If following the clip space approach then the points must be in clip space. If you're considering the geometric approach then the points should be in world space.
View Frustum Culling
View Frustum's Shape
Geometric Approach - Extracting the Planes
Testing Points and Spheres
Testing Boxes
Testing Boxes II
Clip Space Approach - Extracting the Planes
Radar Approach - Testing Points
Testing Points II
Testing Spheres
Implementation II
Notes and Optimizations
Further Optimization


The unfolding political contest is a window into America's soul. The nation is arguing with itself. The candidates embody separate impulses. As voters choose sides, a red state-blue state polarity again takes shape. Within the Democratic Party, the dispute is narrower, but still sharp. Yet in truth, each citizen carries within herself or himself the structure of the conflict: hard versus soft, experience versus change, programmed versus spontaneous, self-interest versus empathy, hope in an open future versus lessons from the past. Politics, by isolating these positions and attributing them to one candidate over against another, parodies the interior struggle of every American.
In this era, humans have been cut loose from ancient moorings of meaning and purpose. The context within which this condition is most manifest in the United States is the debate - or, more precisely, the lack thereof - over what is called "national security." The phrase is potent because it promises something that is impossible, since the human condition is by definition insecure. When candidates vie with one another over who is most qualified to be "commander in chief," and when they unanimously promise to strengthen military readiness, they together reinforce the dominant American myth - that an extravagant social investment of treasure and talent in armed power of the group offers members of the group escape from the existential dread that comes with life on a dangerous planet. That such investment only makes the planet more dangerous matters little, since the feeling of security, rather than actual security, is the goal of the entire project.
Military power, that is, functions in America the way state religion has functioned in other societies. The Pentagon is the temple of this religion. It has dogmas, rituals, high priesthood, saints, cults of sacrifice, sacred language, and a justifying narrative - what theologians call "salvation history." Last week, John McCain, in his victory speech after Wisconsin, warned that his Democratic opponent would take "a holiday from history," implying that the past is only a warning of terrible things to come. McCain, alert to "moral monsters," sets the standard for national security discourse lately, but the Democrats must echo it. The political debate, which seems so defined by differences, actually puts on display the unquestioned orthodoxy of the deeper American consensus.
When politicians invoke the rote formulae of martial rhetoric, banging the drum of dire prediction, and promising best protection, they are only fulfilling the requirements of set rubrics, which produce in the electorate not the anxiety one would expect, but enchantment - the enchantment of the pew. Preachers warn of hellfire to offer rescue from it, which is available to those who submit. This feedback loop of damnation-salvation-submission serves the people by offering meaning, and it serves the elite by protecting the structure of power. In religion, all of this is overt. In presidential politics, it is implicit.
Thus, the entire electoral process has become centered on establishing the candidates' "toughness," as if the only "virtue" a leader must fully possess is unflinching willingness to declare war. Never mind the question of whether, since 1945, war makes sense. No surprise, therefore, that no presidential candidate questions the current Pentagon budget, which surpasses every record set during the Cold War. That would be apostasy - and political suicide.
This is not the candidates' doing, but the nation's. Barack Obama, in character as a liberal Democrat, manifests a certain skepticism toward the cult of military power, but, also true to that character, he cannot propose the elimination of the underlying ideology of power. Obama can suggest, as he did in his post-Wisconsin speech, that "it is time to write a new chapter in American history," yet he must not revise the familiar chapters that already exist. But "history" is not a mere record of past events and choices; it is an interpretation of those events and choices. In today's America, the "national security" interpretation is sacred.
When that consensus assumes, for example, that World War II was "good," or that the United States arms build-up "won" the Cold War, it protects the militarized economy, the status of the military-industrial elite, the iron lock of incumbents on office. Any reinterpretation of this salvation history, it is feared, would undermine the economy, disempower the elite, unsettle politics - and deprive the citizenry of meaning in an otherwise meaningless world. Voters may want change, but not change at this level. Yet "national security" is bogus - part ghost story with which the nation scares itself at bedtime, part nightly prayer with which it then goes to sleep.


After watching the video below from an old professor from college, I found myself with the sudden urge to blog on the topic of money,cash flow, and sustainability.
The video demonstrates how people feel about cash and the different types of cash. Needless to say, an interesting topic for everyone because we all have it and usually want more of it. But how does cash relate to sustainability and the decisions that are affecting our planet, our lives and our species.
My hypothesis: Feelings of cash correlate directly with assumptions of sustainability investments.
At the end of the day a dollar is a dollar right? One dollar from one source is no different than the physical and power characteristics of a dollar from another source. They both empower the holder of the dollar with the ability to buy something with a market value of $1 (think McDonalds here).
What happens when those dollars come from different sources? What happens when those dollars are accounted for differently? These questions are at the heart of the sustainability movement.
When people value the cash they have in their 401K or child's college savings account differently than they value the cash they have in their wallet (otherwise known as disposable income) you inherently have a problem of conscience. People will be unwilling to invest those 401K dollars (assuming all things being equally liquid of course) in investments outside of what they are dedicated to do – save up for retirement, child's college savings, etc, etc.
This creates a problem with energy efficiency and clean energy adoption because right now, no one has cash on hand. Very few people have "disposable income" and let's face it, the question of "do i have cash?" is the number one question we ask before traveling, doing projects, or buying things.
Energy efficiency is no different – cash is king. No one has it and no one is willing to part with their savings, retirement or child's savings account to invest in it. This is true even with the transparency of data out there telling us that investments in sustainability, energy efficiency and conservation practices yield the greatest return on investment possible in today's society.
Yes you heard me say it – sustainability offers the greatest return on investment (ROI) – better than stocks, bonds, mutual funds, savings accounts, 401Ks, kitchen + bath upgrades to your overvalued McMansion, or your corporate advertising budget.
For proof I performed an analysis at the end of 2009, comparing the ROI in Google stock to a lighting retrofit. Google is all too often considered one of the greatest investments of the 21st century but when you compare a purchase of it's stock at IPO and sale of that stock 5 years later (end of 2009) to that of a lighting retrofit, you will find that the ROI is virtually equal. Roughly a 200% ROI (5 year horizon).
Our perceptions of money compared to our understanding of sustainability valuation helps explain why we can't adopt faster and saturate quicker as we move toward our goals of being a net zero energy economy and a carbon free economy.
Pipedream: UK a Net Electricity Exporter?


text:
Q: MySqlBulkLoader not loading data into mysql table the c# code below is not loading data into mysql table. it loads first row of csv if i put Numberoflinestoskip to 0 which is useless as first row are column names. i have looked over google very much but couldn't find answer.
var bulkcopy = new MySqlBulkLoader((MySqlConnection)myConnection);
                bulkcopy.TableName = "sap.loadtable";
                bulkcopy.FieldTerminator = ",";
                bulkcopy.LineTerminator = "\r\n";
                bulkcopy.FileName = "c:/test.csv";
                bulkcopy.NumberOfLinesToSkip = 1;
                var inserted = bulkcopy.Load();


ULAW audio codec and RTP packetizer/depacketizer implementation classes.
MuLawDecoderUtil Turns 8-bit mu-law bytes back into 16-bit PCM values.
MuLawEncoderUtil Turns 16-bit linear PCM values into 8-bit mu-law bytes.


text:
The Most Influential Businesswomen In Europe: Pioneers in Their Ascent
A Wall Street Journal Europe Roundup
Updated March 1, 2001 12:19 pm ET
If you're a woman and want to get to the top, think about a nontraditional career. Perhaps start your own company, especially in the New Economy. Or go into finance.
The Wall Street Journal Europe formed an independent jury to select the 30 most influential women in European business. The result: The winners work in a variety of industries but few have followed the traditional path of slowly working their way up in major companies.


Large Wide Sitting Surface with good support. Well Suited to "Large" adults with digestive problems. The bowels are stimulated by the seats contoured surface that presses and acts on the thigh muscles and nerves. Grooves at the back prevent adhesion.


Noodles "Pho" U is a high quality Vietnamese restaurant that serves a variety of food ranging from traditional Vietnamese dishes to classic Chinese dishes.
When one walks in one is greeted by an artificial waterfall and an aesthetic that is typical of most Asian restaurants. The lighting was most likely set to make the atmosphere more relaxed; however, this attempt was drowned out by the odd music choices that consisted of The Backstreet Boys, George Michael, Los Del Rio, and other popular 80s musicians. While I enjoy this music, it was an odd pairing to the restaurant setting.
We ordered Vietnamese fried spring rolls that came with a sweet dipping sauce. They were perfectly fried and the filling was well seasoned with cilantro, mushrooms, and other vegetables. They also offer smoothies and an assortment of different teas to pair with a meal.
For my meal I ordered the Combination Bowl Pho. Pho is a Vietnamese version of ramen, but is more like a soup. In the soup there was rice noodle, barbecued pork, squid, crab meat, and shrimp. They also offer toppings that can be placed in the soup according to preference: bean sprouts, jalapeño slices, lettuce, and lime slices.
The soup broth was the best part of the meal, laced with lime, cilantro, and chicken flavors. However, the crab meat was a bit mushy and had an unenjoyable texture.
Service was a bit impersonal; however, the waiter was usually quick at bringing our food and check.
For dessert we ordered ice cream mochi. Mochi is a traditional Japanese dessert where a filling is wrapped in rice flour paste. I ordered the strawberry flavor and it was the perfect, sweet ending to a warm and filling meal.
I would recommend Noodles "Pho" U to anyone who's craving a bowl of warm soup, enjoys food that's filled with flavors one doesn't usually experience daily, or appreciates good food at a reasonable prices ranging from $8-$15.
Noodles "Pho" U has locations in Naperville, Lombard, and Bolingbrook.
Top: The tradition Vietnamese soup, Pho, served with a plate of extra bean spouts, lettuce, and lime. Bottom: The stir fried vegetable cover the thick rice noodles.


text:
VkontakteApi.configure do |config|
  config.app_id       = Rails.application.secrets.vk_app_id
  config.app_secret   = Rails.application.secrets.vk_app_secret

  config.max_retries = 2

  config.logger        = Rails.logger
  config.log_requests  = true
  config.log_errors    = true
  config.log_responses = false

  config.api_version = '5.27'
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Last year, procurement manager Cheral Manke put up a giant black-and-white poster on the walls of Washington state's central procurement office. It was much like a page from a coloring book, with images of birds, flowers and plants, but designed for adults. The object was to unleash the creative juices of her staff. Her challenge: How do you get people to be creative thinkers when that wasn't a skill they were trained for?
Manke's poster is part of a culture shift taking place across the nation's state and local governments that focuses on how both practitioners and leaders perceive the purchasing and contracting function. That means changing how they think about buying everything from school buses to IT consulting contracts to staplers.
What's driving this evolution? Technology and the growing sophistication of the field. Data about spending allows for a far more advanced analysis of what agencies need and lets goods and services be purchased at ever-more-steeply discounted prices. Internet access and e-procurement systems even allow a small town in Utah to buy common goods off the same cooperative contracts as Los Angeles or New York City. By joining forces, the small Utah town can be part of a much, much larger purchase, which lowers per-unit costs.
At the same time, procurement officials are grappling with ways to reduce risk in the more complex purchases or contracts created by agencies for the unique needs they have. Increasingly, procurement officials at the top of their game are working on building more flexible systems, cushioned by aggressive risk assessment. The idea is to replace the rigid rules of oversight and compliance with a system that emphasizes strategic partnerships. "We're trying to shift our culture and our approach so that our customers, both internally and externally, see us in a different light," says Manke.
In a survey last year conducted by Governing, procurement officials made it clear that they believe their roles are often misunderstood. Only about a quarter of the 37 responding state purchasing officials said that their stakeholders thought of procurement as having a critical strategic function that could help reduce the overall cost of government. Despite enormous changes in the field, many procurement officials worry that it is still perceived as a back-office operation that only focuses on compliance and regulation.
Change clearly is necessary. And it's coming. But it's coming slowly.
The shift in perception is not just to satisfy the egos of procurement professionals. "If we let [the agencies] know the value we add, they will take more time and plan out what we should be doing," says Eason.
Back in Washington, the transformation under way was aided by procurement reform in 2013 that included a massive training effort. Starting in 2015, 20,000 employees statewide were required by legislation to go through procurement training, which emphasized the overarching cultural shift that was taking place. Today, new courses are added regularly based on customer needs.


text:
Q: Case statement being a pain My code creates a table in a database,  based on the name and date provided by the user (imagine all the values aren't repeated), it will create a database for only the first "user" (First name you can select from the drop down box) but no others? can post other sql code but don't think that is the issue.
switch ($Name) {
   case "Ben":
      ct($Name, $Date);
      break;
   case "Tom":
      ct($Name, $Date);
      break;
   case "Tom":
      ct($Name, $Date);
      break;
   case "Ben":
      ct($Name, $Date);
      break;
   case "Tom":
      ct($Name, $Date);
      break;
   case "Ben":
      ct($Name, $Date);
      break;
   case "Tom":
      ct($Name, $Date);
      break;
   case "Ben":
      ct($Name, $Date);
    }
}

?>

<!-- Allows User to who they are -->
<p>You are: </p><form action="" method="post">
<select name="name" id="name">
  <option value="RoryRedfearn">Rory Redfearn</option>
  <option value="ChrisParner">Chris Parner</option>
  <option value="JamesBarnes">James Barnes</option>
</select>

The function:
function ct($Name, $Date) {

//Takes inputed data and stores it in variables
$Car  = isset($_POST['car']) ? trim($_POST['car']) :'';
$Night = isset($_POST['yes']) ? trim($_POST['yes']) :'';
$Siteid = isset($_POST['siteid']) ? trim($_POST['siteid']) :'';
$LHA = isset($_POST['stepExample1']) ? trim($_POST['stepExample1']) :'';
$AAS = isset($_POST['stepExample2']) ? trim($_POST['stepExample2']) :'';
$LS = isset($_POST['stepExample3']) ? trim($_POST['stepExample3']) :'';

//Database information
$dbhost = "localhost";
$dbname = "people";
$dbusername = "root";
$dbpassword = "";

//connects to our database
$link = new PDO("mysql:host=$dbhost;dbname=$dbname","$dbusername","$dbpassword");
    $table = "" .$Name. " ". $Date . "";

$sql = "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `".$table."` (
id INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
Name VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
Car VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
Night VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
Date VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
Siteid VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
LHA VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
AAS VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
LS VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL)";

$sq = $link->query($sql);
//Prepares inputed data for insertion
$statement = $link->prepare("INSERT INTO $table(Name, Car, Night, Date, Siteid, LHA,    AAS, LS)
VALUES(:Name, :Car, :Night, :Date, :Siteid, :LHA, :AAS, :LS)");
try {
  $statement->execute(array(
    "Name" => $Name,
    "Car" => $Car,
    "Night" => $Night,
    "Date" => $Date,
    "Siteid" => $Siteid,
    "LHA" => $LHA,
    "AAS" => $AAS,
    "LS" => $LS,
  ));
} catch(PDOException $e) {
  echo "Exception caught: $e";
}

}

A: Why use switch if there is still same code repeated?
if (in_array($Name, ['Ben', 'Tom']) {
   ct($Name, $Date);
}

Suggested database structure (doing as all others):
[user]
 id  |  Name  |  Surname
  1     Ben       Afflec
  2     Tom       Gandolfini

[data]
  id  | UserID | Car | Night | Date
   1      1      Yes     Yes    No
   2      2      No      Yes    No

Then query will be easier to maintain
SELECT Car FROM data WHERE userID IN (1, 2);


text:
\section{Introduction}
 \label{sec:intro}
The determination of the magnetic field of a solenoid is crucial in physics and engineering. For example, in linear accelerators such as high brilliance photoinjectors and in high gradient accelerating structures \cite{ferrario2007direct,migliorati2009transport,stratakis2010effects,nezhevenko200134,behtouei2020initial}, in presence of the space charge, the effect of beam blow-up has to be thwarted with a solenoid.  Moreover solenoid are used in magnetic correctors and steering devices for beam alignment \cite{brady2013encyclopedia}.

We extend the results obtained in \cite{behtouei2020novel} by presenting the calculations to determine the magnetic field components of a solenoid with a finite length. Unlike the previous calculation \cite{behtouei2020novel}, in this paper we assume the solenoid is not formed by discrete coils but by a sheet of conductive material so that the current will be distributed on the surface of the solenoid, with a surface current density K. : and comparing the results both with CST particle studio simulation and the analytical results close to the axis of a circular coil.

 \section{Derivation of magnetic induction generated by a surface current element}

Referring to Fig.1, and using cylindrical coordinates, the point P where we want to determine the magnetic field has coordinates (r, $\gamma$, z), while the position P' of the infinitesimal element of the solenoid having surface current density $\vec K$ is given by (r, $\gamma$, $z_0$). The vectors $\vec s'$ and $\vec s$ give the positions of the two points. With this notation, the Biot-Savart law for a solenoid of finite can be written as,

 \begin{equation}\label{mainEQ}
{\bf B}(\mathrm{s})=\frac{\mu_0 }{4\pi}  \int_\Sigma \frac{\vec K \times ({\bf s}-{\bf s'})}{| {\bf s}-{\bf s'}|^{3}} d\Sigma
\end{equation}

\begin{figure}
 \begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=0.7\linewidth]{offaxisBF.jpg}

\caption{ Off-Axis Field Due to a volume current element}
\end{center}
{\small B is the magnetic field at any point in space out of the current loop.

$B_z$:  magnetic field component in the direction of  the coil axis.

$B_r$:  radial magnetic field component.

$I$ is the current in the wire.

$R$ is the radius of the current loop.

z is the distance, on axis, from the center of the current loop to the field measurement point.

$r$ is the radial distance from the axis of the current loop to the field measurement point

$\alpha$ denotes for the angle of the current element

$\gamma$ stands for the angle of the observer where the magnetic field components are to be calculated}

      \end{figure}

where $\vec K d\Sigma$ is a surface current element  in the direction of current flow and it can be written in cylindrical coordinates:

 \begin{equation}
\vec K=\frac{I}{\ell} \hat \phi.
\end{equation}

 $\ell$ is the length of the solenoid.  By considering $\hat \tau$ the unit vector in the direction of the current of solenoid, the above equation can be written as

 \begin{equation}\label{9}
{\bf B}(\mathrm{s})=\frac{\mu_0 J }{4\pi}  \int_\Sigma \frac{\hat \tau \times ({\bf s}-{\bf s'})}{| {\bf s}-{\bf s'}|^{3}} d\Sigma
\end{equation}

where cross product of  ${\hat \tau}$ and  $({\bf p}-{\bf p'})$ is:

  \begin{multline}\label{15}
  {\hat \tau} \times ({\bf s}-{\bf s'})=
\begin{vmatrix}
    \hat i&\hat j&\hat k \\
  -\sin \alpha&\cos \alpha& 0\\
  \rho\ \cos \gamma-R\ \cos \alpha & \rho\ \sin \gamma-R\ \sin \alpha&z-z_0
\end{vmatrix}\\
=\hat i\ (z-z_0) \ \cos \alpha + \hat j\ (z-z_0)\ \sin \alpha+ \hat k\ (R-\rho\ \cos(\gamma-\alpha)).
\end{multline}

and

\begin{equation}
 |{\bf s}-{\bf s'}|^2=\rho^2+R^2+ (z-z_0)^2-2\rho R \cos (\gamma-\alpha).
\end{equation}

\begin{equation}
d\Sigma=R\ d\alpha \ dz_0
\end{equation}
in the above equation $d\alpha$ denotes the infinitesimal variation of the angle. By some simplification Eq. (\ref{mainEQ}) becomes,

\begin{equation}
{\bf B} (\mathrm{s})=\frac{\mu_0 { K} }{4 \pi} \int_0^{2\pi} \int_{-\ell/2}^{\ell/2} \frac{\hat i\ (z-z_0) \ \cos \alpha + \hat j\ (z-z_0)\ \sin \alpha+ \hat k\ (R-\rho\ \cos(\gamma-\alpha))}{[\rho^2+R^2+ (z-z_0)^2-2\rho R \cos (\gamma-\alpha)]^{3/2}}\ R\ d\alpha \ dz_0
\end{equation}

\begin{equation}
=\frac{\mu_0 { J} }{4 \pi} \int_0^{2\pi} \int_{-\ell/2}^{\ell/2} \frac{(\hat{i} \cos \alpha + \hat{j}\sin \alpha)(z-z_0)+ \vec{k}\ (R-\rho\ \cos(\gamma-\alpha))}{[\rho^2+R^2+ (z-z_0)^2-2\rho R \cos (\gamma-\alpha)]^{3/2}}\ R\ d\alpha \ dz_0
\end{equation}

Writing the components of the magnetic field along the x, y and z coordinates, ${\bf B} (\mathrm{s})=B_x \hat i+B_y \hat j+B_z \hat k$, and then converting them to the cylindrical coordinates we obtain

\begin{equation}
 \mathrm{B}_r={\bf B}\ \cdot \ {\bf r}=  B_x\ \cos \gamma+  B_y\ \sin \gamma
\end{equation}

\begin{equation}
 \mathrm{B}_{\gamma}={\bf B}\ \cdot \ {\bf \tau}=- B_x\ \sin \gamma+  B_y\ \cos \gamma
\end{equation}

where,

\begin{equation}
{\bf \tau}=(-\sin \gamma,\  \cos \gamma,\ 0)
\end{equation}

\begin{equation}
{\bf r}=(\cos \gamma,\  \sin \gamma,\ 0).
\end{equation}

and after some algebraic manipulation we obtain,

\begin{multline}\label{2.5}
 \mathrm{B}_r=\frac{\mu_0 K    }{2 \pi }  \ \int_{- M_{z_\ell}}^{ M_{z_\ell}} (M_z-M_{z_0})  [1+\eta^2 +(M_z-M_{z_0})^2]^{-3/2}  \ dM_{z_0}\\ \int_0^{\pi}   \cos(\psi)[1-\Lambda \ \cos(\psi)]^{-3/2}\  d\psi
\end{multline}

\begin{multline}
 \mathrm{B}_{\gamma}=\frac{\mu_0 K   }{2 \pi } \ \int_{- M_{z_\ell}}^{ M_{z_\ell}} (M_z-M_{z_0})  [1+\eta^2 +(M_z-M_{z_0})^2]^{-3/2}  \ dM_{z_0} \\\int_0^{\pi}   \sin(\psi)[1-\Lambda \ \sin(\psi)]^{-3/2}\  d\psi
\end{multline}

\begin{multline}\label{2.7}
\mathrm{B}_z=\frac{\mu_0 K   R }{2 \pi }  \ \int_{-M_{z_\ell}}^{M_{z_\ell}}  [1+\eta^2+(M_z-M_{z_0})^2]^{-3/2} \ dM_0\\ [\int_0^{\pi}   [1-\Lambda\ cos(\psi)]^{-3/2} d\psi-\eta \int_0^{\pi}    \cos(\psi) [1-\Lambda\ \cos(\psi)]^{-3/2}d\psi]\
\end{multline}

where $\eta=\rho/R$, $M_z=z/R$ and $\Lambda (R, z, \eta)=2\eta/(1+\eta^2+M_z^2)$. To solve the above integrals we had to deal with two fractional integrals of order 3/2. We solved these integrals by using fractional Cauchy-like integral formula. We cut the created branch line and change the multi-valued operation into the analytic function. The procedure can be found in \cite{behtouei2020novel,behtouei2020application},

\begin{equation}
\int_{0}^{\pi}   [1-\Lambda \ \cos(\psi)]^{-3/2}d\psi
=\pi(1+\Lambda)^{-3/2}\  _2F_1 (\frac{1}{2},\frac{3}{2};1;\frac{2\Lambda}{1+\Lambda})
\end{equation}

\begin{equation}
\int_{0}^{\pi}    \cos(\psi)[1-\Lambda \ \cos(\psi)]^{-3/2}\ d\psi
=-\pi(1+\Lambda)^{-3/2}\  [\ _2F_1 (\frac{1}{2},\frac{3}{2};1;\frac{2\Lambda}{1+\Lambda})- \ _2F_1 (\frac{3}{2},\frac{3}{2};2;\frac{2\Lambda}{1+\Lambda})\ ].
\end{equation}

Where $\ _2F_1 (\frac{1}{2},\frac{3}{2};1;\frac{2\Lambda}{1+\Lambda})$ and $\ _2F_1 (\frac{1}{2},\frac{3}{2};1;\frac{2\Lambda}{1+\Lambda})$ are the ordinary hypergeometric functions having a general form of the kind

\begin{equation}
 \ _pF_q(a_1,..,a_p;b_1,..,b_q;z)=\Sigma_{n=0}^\infty \frac{(a_1)_n ... (b_p)}{(b_1)_n...(b_p)_n}\frac{z^n}{n!}
\end{equation}
where $(a_p)_n, (b_q)_n$ are the rising factorial or Pochhammer symbol with

\begin{equation}\label{2.11}
(a)_0=1
\end{equation}

and

\begin{equation}\label{2.12}
(a)_n=a(a+1)(a+2)...(a+n-1),\ \ \ \ n=1,2,....
\end{equation}

It should be noted that Eq. (\ref{2.5}) is zero due to azimuthal symmetry. By changing of variables Eq.s (\ref{2.5}) and (\ref{2.7}) become,

\begin{equation}
 \mathrm{B}_r=\frac{\mu_0 K  }{2 } \int_{ \sqrt{(1+\eta)^2 + (M_z-M_{z_\ell})^2}}^{ \sqrt{(1+\eta)^2 + (M_z+M_{z_\ell})^2}} \frac{1}{  \beta^{2}}   \   [\  _2F_1 (\frac{1}{2},\frac{3}{2};1;\frac{4 \eta}{\beta^2})- \ _2F_1 (\frac{3}{2},\frac{3}{2};2;\frac{4 \eta}{\beta^2})\ ] \ d\beta
\end{equation}

\begin{equation}\label{2.14}
=\frac{\mu_0 K  }{2  } \ \frac{1}{  \beta}   \   [\  _2\bar F_1 (\frac{3}{2},\frac{1}{2};2;\frac{4 \eta}{\beta^2})- \ _2\bar F_1 (\frac{1}{2},\frac{1}{2};1;\frac{4 \eta}{\beta^2})\ ] |_{ \sqrt{(1+\eta)^2 + (M_z-M_{z_\ell})^2}}^{ \sqrt{(1+\eta)^2 + (M_z+M_{z_\ell})^2}}
\end{equation}

and

\begin{equation}
 \mathrm{B}_z=\frac{-\mu_0 K  }{2 } \int_{ \sqrt{(1+\eta)^2 + (M_z-M_{z_\ell})^2}}^{ \sqrt{(1+\eta)^2 + (M_z+M_{z_\ell})^2}}   \frac{1}{\beta^2(\beta^2-(1+\eta)^2)^{1/2}}  [ \   _2F_1 (\frac{1}{2},\frac{3}{2};1;\frac{4 \eta}{\beta^2})
\end{equation}

\begin{equation}\label{2.15}
+\eta \ (  _2F_1 (\frac{1}{2},\frac{3}{2};1;\frac{4 \eta}{\beta^2})- \ _2F_1 (\frac{3}{2},\frac{3}{2};2;\frac{4 \eta}{\beta^2})\ ) ]  \ d\beta
\end{equation}

with,
\begin{equation}
\beta=[(1+\eta)^2 + (M_z-M_{z_0})^2]^{1/2}
\end{equation}

where $\  _2\bar F_1 (\frac{3}{2},\frac{1}{2};2;\frac{4 \eta}{\beta^2})$ and $ \ _2\bar F_1 (\frac{1}{2},\frac{1}{2};1;\frac{4 \eta}{\beta^2})$ are the regularized  hypergeometric functions having a general form of the kind

\begin{equation}
 \ _p\bar F_q(a_1,..,a_p;b_1,..,b_q;z)=\Sigma_{n=0}^\infty \frac{(a_1)_n ... (b_p)_n}{\Gamma(b_1+n)...\Gamma(b_p+n)_n}\frac{z^n}{n!}
\end{equation}
where $(a_p)_n, (b_q)_n$ are the rising factorial or Pochhammer symbol with $(a)_0$ and $(a)_n$ are the same as Eq.s (\ref{2.11}) and (\ref{2.12}). We could also write the regularized  hypergeometric functions in a simple way $ \ _p\bar F_q(a_1,..,a_p;b_1,..,b_q;z)=(\Gamma(b_1)...\Gamma(b_p))^{-1}  \ _pF_q(a_1,..,a_p;b_1,..,b_q;z) $. To validate Eq.s (\ref{2.14}) and (\ref{2.14}) we would investigate the on axis field components. We observe that the regularized  hypergeometric functions in Eq. (2.14) cancel each other and consequently the radial field component becomes zero. On the other hand, for on axis axial field components we can derive a classic equation which can be found in many physics textbooks and papers \cite{jackson1999classical,bassetti1996analytical,behtouei2020novel}:

\begin{equation}
\mathrm{B}_z=\frac{\mu_0  I R^2 }{2 (R^2+z^2)^{3/2}}.
\end{equation}

The near axis magnetic field components have been expressed by the authors of \cite{bassetti1996analytical} as follows,

\begin{equation}
 \mathrm{B}_r(r, z)=2\Sigma_{p=0}^\infty p\ G_{S2p}(z) r^{2p-1}
\end{equation}

\begin{equation}
\mathrm{B}_z(r, z)=\Sigma_{p=0}^\infty \ G_{S2p+1}(z) r^{2p}
\end{equation}

where,

\begin{equation}
G_{S2p}(z)=\frac{\mu_0 I_c}{2R^{2p} Z_L} \Sigma_{k=0}^\infty F_{0,2p,2k+1}\ [f_{2k+1} (Z_L-z)+f_{2k+1} (Z_L+z)]
\end{equation}

\begin{equation}
G_{S2p+1}(z)=\frac{dG_{S2p}(z)}{dz} \ \ and\ \ g_{2k+1} (t)=\frac{df_{2k+1}}{dt} =\frac{(2k+1) R^2}{(R^2+(Z-z)^2)^{3/2}} f_{2k}(t).
\end{equation}

with the following definitions,

\begin{equation}
f_h (t)=(\frac{Z-z}{\sqrt{R^2+(Z-z)^2}})^h, \ \ \ \ (h=0, 1, ... \infty)
\end{equation}

\begin{equation}
F_{0,2p,2k+1}=\frac{(-1)^p}{4^p (p!)^2} (\mathrm{M}^p \mathrm{F}_{00})_{2k+1}
\end{equation}
where M stands for the second derivative of functions $f_{2k+1}$ and $\mathrm{F_{00}}$ is reported in \cite{bassetti1996analytical}. Taking the first two terms of the magnetic field components we obtain:

\begin{equation}\label{66}
 \mathrm{B}_r(r, z)=\frac{\mu_0  J_S }{4} [\frac{3R^2 (Z_L-z)}{(R^2+(Z_L-z)^2)^{5/2}}-\frac{3R^2 (Z_L+z)}{(R^2+(Z_L+z)^2)^{5/2}}] r
\end{equation}

\begin{equation}\label{67}
\mathrm{B}_z(r, z)=\frac{\mu_0  J_S R^2 }{2} \ [ \frac{R^2+(Z_L-z)^2 -3 r^2}{(R^2+(Z_L-z)^2)^{5/2}} - \frac{ R^2+(Z_L+z)^2 -3 r^2}{(R^2+(Z_L+z)^2)^{5/2}} ]
\end{equation}

where the total current of the solenoid being Is, the density function $J_S(Z)$ on its lateral surface is:

\begin{equation}
J_S(Z)=\frac{I_S}{2Z_L} [u(Z+Z_L)-u(Z-Z_L)]
\end{equation}

A solenoid is considered as a set of coils uniformly covering the space between $-Z_L$ and $Z_L$.  Eq. (66) is coincided with Eqs. $\ref{2.14}$ when we consider the first two terms in the regularized expansion of the hypergeometric series $\  _2\bar F_1 (\frac{3}{2},\frac{1}{2};2;\frac{4 \eta}{\beta^2})$ and $\ _2\bar F_1 (\frac{1}{2},\frac{1}{2};1;\frac{4 \eta}{\beta^2})$.

\section{Numerical Results}
\begin{figure}
 \begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=0.5\linewidth]{Fig1.jpg}
\caption{ Trend of the Bz component along the axis of the solenoid (the radial component is zero).}
\end{center}

      \end{figure}
WebNIR \cite{webnir} (Web-based tools for assessing occupational exposure to Non-Ionizing Radiation), a portal collecting a series of tools for dissemination and calculation developed as part of a collaboration with other research institutions on exposure to electromagnetic fields, has been developed at the Institute of Applied Physics "Nello Carrara" of the National Research Council (IFAC-CNR). One of these tools, still under development, allows the user to define different types of configurations of conductors (polygonal chains, catenaries, coils, solenoids), define both their geometric and electrical characteristics (current, phase, waveform) and calculate the value of magnetic flux density in correspondence to a set of regularly distributed points in the space (the calculation grid). Two different approaches have been used to perform the calculation: 1) since the field of a segment traversed by current is known, any geometry can be approximated by a polygonal chain consisting of an arbitrarily large number of segments; calculating the field generated by each of them, the resulting field is given by the sum of the individual contributions; 2) for a circular loop, the analytical solution of the field in the space is known \cite{behtouei2020novel,GT} consequently, the field generated by geometries consisting of a set of circular loops (e.g.: coils, solenoids) is determined exactly by considering the elementary contribution of each loop. An "internal validation" of the software results has been carried out by comparing the results obtained by applying, in the case of a solenoid:

- the formulation using the complete elliptic integrals of first and second species \cite{GT}
\begin{figure*}[t]
 \begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=0.4\linewidth]{Fig2_Bz.jpg}(a)
\includegraphics[width=0.4\linewidth]{Fig2_Br.jpg}(b)
\includegraphics[width=0.4\linewidth]{Fig3_Bz.jpg}(c)
\includegraphics[width=0.4\linewidth]{Fig3_Br.jpg}(d)
\includegraphics[width=0.4\linewidth]{Fig4_Bz.jpg}(e)
\includegraphics[width=0.4\linewidth]{Fig4_Br.jpg}(f)
\caption{ a, b) Trend of Bz and Br 0.5 cm off solenoid. c, d) Trend of Bz and Br orthogonally to the solenoid axis, 1 cm off the inlet. e, f) Trend of Bz and Br 2 cm off axis.}
\end{center}

      \end{figure*}

\begin{equation}
\mathrm{B}_r=\frac{\mu_0  I }{2 \pi r \sqrt{z^2+(a+r)^2}   }(\frac{z^2+r^2+a^2}{z^2+(r-a)^2}\ E(k)-K(k))
\end{equation}

\begin{equation}
\mathrm{B}_z=\frac{\mu_0  I }{2 \pi \sqrt{z^2+(a+r)^2}   }(\frac{a^2-z^2-r^2}{z^2+(r-a)^2}\ E(k)+K(k))
\end{equation}

\begin{figure*}[t]
 \begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=0.3\linewidth]{Fig5_Bz.jpg}
\includegraphics[width=0.11\linewidth]{Fig5_Bz_num.jpg}
\caption{ { Distribution of Bz on a cross-section, through the center of the solenoid.}}
\end{center}

 \begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=0.5\linewidth]{Fig6_Bz.jpg}{a}
\includegraphics[width=0.12\linewidth]{Fig6_Bz_num.jpg}
\includegraphics[width=0.5\linewidth]{Fig7_Br.jpg}{b}
\includegraphics[width=0.12\linewidth]{Fig7_Br_num.jpg}
\caption{ { a) Modulus of Bz on a longitudinal section, through the center of the solenoid. b) Modulus of Br on a longitudinal section, through the center of the solenoid.}
}
\end{center}

      \end{figure*}
 - the formulation that uses the hypergeometric function \cite{behtouei2020novel}

 \begin{equation}
\mathrm{B}_r=\frac{\mu_0  I  M_z}{4 \sqrt{2}\pi R  }(\frac{\Lambda}{\eta})^{3/2}\ I_2(\Lambda)
\end{equation}

\begin{equation}
\mathrm{B}_z=\frac{\mu_0  I  }{4\sqrt{2} \pi R } (\frac{\Lambda}{\eta})^{3/2}\ ( I_1(\Lambda)-  \eta\ I_2(\Lambda))
\end{equation}
where,

\begin{equation}
I_1(\Lambda)=\int_{0}^{\pi}   [1-\Lambda \ \cos(\psi)]^{-3/2}d\psi
=\pi(1+\Lambda)^{-3/2}\  _2F_1 (\frac{1}{2},\frac{3}{2};1;\frac{2\Lambda}{1+\Lambda})
\end{equation}

\begin{equation}
\begin{split}
I_2(\Lambda)=\int_{0}^{\pi}    \cos(\psi)[1-\Lambda \ \cos(\psi)]^{-3/2}\ d\psi
\\ =-\pi(1+\Lambda)^{-3/2}\  [\ _2F_1 (\frac{1}{2},\frac{3}{2};1;\frac{2\Lambda}{1+\Lambda})- \ _2F_1 (\frac{3}{2},\frac{3}{2};2;\frac{2\Lambda}{1+\Lambda})\ ]
\end{split}
\end{equation}

We can demonstrate that the magnetic field components obtained by two different methods are identical following the below equations:

 \begin{equation}
 E (\frac{2\Lambda}{\Lambda+1}) =\frac{\pi}{2} \frac{1-\Lambda}{1+\Lambda}\ _2F_1 (1/2,3/2,1,\frac{2\Lambda}{\Lambda+1})
\end{equation}

\begin{equation}
_2F_1 (3/2,3/2,2,\frac{2\Lambda}{\Lambda+1})=\frac{4 E(\frac{2\Lambda}{\Lambda+1})+(\frac{\Lambda-1}{\Lambda+1})K(\frac{2\Lambda}{\Lambda+1})}{\frac{2 \pi \Lambda(1-\Lambda)}{(\Lambda+1)^2})}
\end{equation}

where  K(k) and E(k) are the complete elliptic integrals of the first and  second kinds, respectively.

- the approximate calculation in which the helix which constitutes the solenoid is approximated with a polygonal chain. The number of segments constituting the single loop has been progressively increased in different tests (in detail, the loop was approximated with 20, 200 and 2000 segments).

The result obtained in the first 2 cases is coincident up to the 13th digit: the 2 formulations are equivalent and the discrepancies are due to the approximations implicit in the libraries used. In particular, the language used to perform the calculations is Python 3.9 and the library scipy.special deals with calculating elliptic integrals and hypergeometric functions.

Comparison of these results with those obtained from the approximation with a polygonal chain showed a
progressive convergence as the number of segments with which the helix is approximated increases.

Finally, in the center of a solenoid with the following characteristics: 200 loops, radius=25 mm, distance between loops=1 mm and current intensity=200, the result coincides with that expected from the theoretical formula for the infinite solenoid, given by $B=\frac{\mu_0 N I}{\ell}$ where N indicates the number of loops, I the current, $\ell$ the length of the solenoid and $\mu_0$ is the magnetic permeability in vacuum. With the specified parameters we obtain: $B=8 \times 10^{-2} T\approx 0.25 T$ which is consistent with the numerical results obtained through the software in WebNIR, as shown in the following graphs 2-5.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


Despite being a small charity based in Staffordshire in the UK, the work that we do reaches an audience far and wide.
Recently, Cassandra from New Hampshire in the USA and a lupus patient herself, contacted the Trust to tell us that she was taking on a huge feat in order to raise funds and awareness as she undertakes a 160 mile circumnavigation run of Kilimanjaro and then will endeavour to climb to the summit later this month.
Cassandra wrote to us telling her story about how both she and her sister had been diagnosed with lupus and in order to fight back Cassandra takes on challenges to spread the word about lupus.
If you would like to sponsor Cassandra as she takes on this challenge, you can do so via her JustGiving page.
We'll be posting updates about Cassandra's epic challenge so make sure you are following us on facebook & twitter!
Thank you so much for doing this! I too have Lupus. I was Diagnosed at the age of 6. I am now 42. I have developed FIBRO, RA & HAE along the way. I commend your efforts ! I will be following your progress! Thank you, Good Luck & God bless!


Every year or so, it seems there is a new "marketing darling" that turns the business world on end. For instance, blogging was considered the thing to do a few years ago which was quickly followed by guest posting when every marketer and his brother rushed to find businesses willing to allow them to write and post articles on their sites. Now it seems as though storytelling is the latest craze to sweep the marketing world as many of the world's biggest brands are busy telling stories as a way to tap into the authentic human experience.
In the marketing world, storytelling is used to create an emotional investment so to speak. This type of marketing is commonly used on TV with the goal being to make the viewer sit up and take notice of the story being told rather than the product being sold. Thus, the product itself is passively sold to the audience as they listen to the story.
As entrepreneur Neil Patel says, "Stories make up 65% of all conversations in our daily lives and storytelling is so popular that it's been around for over 40,000 years". Perhaps this is why more and more companies are tapping into the power of storytelling as it offers a great way to engage with and persuade people.
A recent example of storytelling used to market a product was done by Ford Motor Company. Ford marketed its Focus vehicle by giving cameras to test drivers who filmed themselves driving around. This campaign successfully integrated several individual stories that looked closely at the lives of the people using the product. While the product itself (the car) was present, it was never directly marketed which is exactly what Ford intended to do.
It demands attention by being different – When people are presented with a story, they tend to pay attention more than they would if presented with standard advertising that focuses solely on the product being sold.
A story makes the connection with real human experiences – Stories are able to connect with people on a level basic marketing cannot. People can relate to a good story more than they can relate to a product and especially if the story is presented in a unique and interesting way.
Stories show and don't tell – Even though a business can say they understand the problems their customers have, just claiming so does not accomplish anything. But when a story is told, the business can apply this claim to the real world. Great storytelling can show the audience that the business understands the problem they have while at the same time demonstrating how the product helps solve it.
Stories build anticipation – When people enjoy the story you're telling them, they look forward to finding out what happens next because they're excited and full of anticipation.
Stories can be told in many ways – There are no limits regarding how you can tell a story as storytelling can be done in person, via mail, through videos, slide shows, blog posts, social media, etc. In order to get the most out of storytelling, you should use many forms of media to tell your story. If for example, you only tell your story through a book, you will be leaving out a big part of your audience because not everyone reads books. But if you put your story in front of people who view videos, read books, use social media and take part in online discussions, you'll be able to reach the vast majority of your targeted market.


text:
Clinicians are using an app to speed up detection of a 'silent killer'
August 2, 2019 by admin 0 Comments
The Royal Free Hospital
Healthcare professionals can now detect one of the National Health Service's (NHS) "biggest killers" in minutes rather than hours due to the use of a new app.
The app, which has been developed by Alphabet's DeepMind Health together with the Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (RFL), is used to help identify patients who are at risk of something called "acute kidney injury", or AKI.
The RFL described acute kidney injury as a "silent killer" because it could "often be diagnosed late" and was hard to predict.
In an announcement Wednesday the RFL said the goal of the app, which is called Streams, was to provide "the right data to the right clinician at the right time."
When test results indicate that a patient is in danger of becoming very ill with AKI, doctors and nurses get immediate notifications on their phones.
The RFL said that an evaluation of the Streams app, conducted by University College London, found that clinicians using it could "respond to urgent AKI cases in 14 minutes or less". With existing systems, this could take "many hours."
This is important, because speed is crucial when diagnosing conditions such as AKI, which accounts for 100,000 deaths per year in the U.K. and costs the NHS £1.2 billion ($1.45 billion).
In a statement Wednesday Chris Laing, a consultant nephrologist involved in the project and its evaluation, said the app enabled the monitoring of patients' kidney function "through real time analysis of blood tests 24/7."
"If a potential change in kidney function in a patient is detected, at any time or anywhere at the Royal Free Hospital, a specialist will be notified and the case will be reviewed, in-application, in a matter of minutes, with follow-up bedside assessment as required," Laing added.
The NHS has been running since 1948. It's guided by principles that also underpinned its launch — that it should meet the needs of all, be free at the point of delivery, and based on clinical need rather than a person's ability to pay.
This article was originally published by Cnbc.com. Read the original article here.
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