PlayNetwork recently had the opportunity to participate in the Retail Asia Expo June 10-12, 2014 in Hong Kong as the official music provider and curator for the featured "Senses Generate Sales" zone, as well as for the VIP cocktail and gala dinner events. Drawing from our core inspiration of 'evolving the way brands move consumers through immersive entertainment,' we also produced video content for the stunning projection video wall on the expo floor. It was a captivating experience, hearing from attendees about the impact of APAC brands' growing vision involving storytelling, emotional interaction, and the connection between voice and vehicle, which resonates deeply with PlayNetwork's philosophy.
Though we officially landed in Hong Kong in late 2013, we hadn't had the chance to properly celebrate. The timing around the Retail Asia Expo allowed us the perfect opportunity to share our story with retailers in the region. We invited industry partners and some of the most creative brands in the industry to join us at Faces Music Lounge, steps away from the Retail Expo floor. Guests were welcomed to the party with a soundtrack specially curated by our Music Supervisor Dean Carlson.
A brilliant new single from Swedish dance artist, Robyn, who has teamed up with Norway's electronic group, Royksopp, on their new "Do It Again" EP.
A new track from Australian pop/soul singer, Sia, who has worked with Zero 7 in the past, and has a brand new album out later this month.
Brazilian singer, Bebel Gilberto, gets a modern remix from DJ Shift with her track, "Bring Back The Love", which is featured on a new Brazilian compilation from the prolific global label, Six Degrees Records.
UK singer/songwriter, Ed Sheeran, has blown up at radio with a radically different single, "Sing", from his upcoming album out this month.
Haim are a group from Los Angeles consisting of 3 sisters, currently touring all summer, and we included a wicked remix of "Forever" by Norway's Lindstrom & Prins Thomas.
Paramore's current hit, "Ain't It Fun", just topped the charts, not only here in the states, but also in the UK, Ireland, Australia and Canada.
Clean Bandit are a British electronic R&B group who mix classical music into their unique sound, now getting loads of spins with the track "Rather Be".
The evening was capped off with an exclusive live performance for the critically acclaimed Hong Kong band, Noughts & Exes. The combination of venue and artist was an authentic extension of PlayNetwork as a connected entertainment media company, bringing the DNA of our PlayLive series over from headquarters in Redmond, WA.


text:
Newest Bestsellers
Nonfiction » History » Military » Military / Nuclear Warfare
Nuclear Weapons and the National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) - 2012 Issues with Weapon Limitations, Stockpile Surveillance Program, Management and Oversight by Progressive Management (compiler)
Price: $7.99 USD. Words: 18,030. Language: English. Published: February 17, 2012. Categories: Nonfiction » History » Military, Nonfiction » Science & Nature » Military Science
In a February 2012 report, for the 52 NNSA identified limitations for all weapons in the U.S. nuclear stockpile, 86 percent fall into six types: detonation safety under abnormal conditions, weapon reliability, weapon delivery, more frequent replacement of limited life components, nuclear yield, and worker safety.
The Su-15 and Yak-28 Interceptors and Tu-95KM by peter dancey
Price: $2.99 USD. Words: 4,340. Language: English. Published: August 2, 2012. Categories: Nonfiction » History » Military
As the Iron Curtain began to fall in Europe the Soviet Union decided it urgently needed new interceptoors to deal with the threat from the West and its post-war nuclear bombers and high altitude spyplanes and at the samw time it began development of its massive Tu-95 'Bear; turboprop bombers. This ebook deta8ils their development and testing.
U.S. Nuclear Deterrence Policy: Do We Have It Right? Assessing American Nuclear Policy Based on Feasibility, Acceptability, and Suitability, Counterpoints and Plans for Triad Warhead Replacement by Progressive Management (compiler)
Price: $3.99 USD. Words: 18,020. Language: English. Published: January 27, 2019. Categories: Nonfiction » History » Military, Nonfiction » History » Military
Transnational terrorist organizations relish the thought of acquiring an atomic device. Today's nuclear world is not the one our parent's knew. The purpose of this paper is to assess U.S. nuclear deterrence policy to see how it has evolved and if it is appropriate for today's changed security environment.
Revitalization of Nuclear Powered Flight - Potential Air Force Development of Compact Fusion Powered Aircraft Propelled by Electric Engines, Incorporation of Remotely Piloted Aircraft (RPA) Technology by Progressive Management (compiler)
Price: $1.29 USD. Words: 19,160. Language: English. Published: February 9, 2019. Categories: Nonfiction » History » Military, Nonfiction » History » Military
We must develop better ways to get our assets to the fight and maintain flight for longer periods of time. One potential solution is to reinvest in nuclear powered flight. The technical challenges seen in the 1950s & 60s could be overcome with today's technology, we just need to set the goal.
Anti-Submarine Warfare: What is its Role in the New Maritime Strategy? ASW, Deterrence and Forward Deployment, SSK Capability Trends of Threat Countries, LCS, MH-60S/R, UUVs, Virginia class SSN, MMA by Progressive Management (compiler)
Price: $6.99 USD. Words: 17,450. Language: English. Published: May 12, 2016. Categories: Nonfiction » History » Military, Nonfiction » History » Military
Professionally converted for accurate flowing-text e-book format reproduction, this unique book examines the role of anti-submarine warfare in the new U.S. Navy maritime strategy.
2016 President Barack Obama's Speech at the Hiroshima Peace Memorial in Japan About the World War II Atomic Bombing of August 1945 - Honoring the Victims of the First Nuclear Weapon by Progressive Management (compiler)
On May 27, 2016, American President Barack Obama visited the Hiroshima Peace Memorial in Hiroshima, Japan. He made a historic speech discussing the bombing of Hiroshima in World War II.
Is There Future Utility in Nuclear Weapons? Nuclear Weapons Save Lives - Strong Arguments Against Nuclear Disarmament, Historical Case Studies and Potential for Future Threats, Need for Deterrent by Progressive Management (compiler)
The debate over the future of nuclear weapons has become more prominent each year since the end of the Cold War. The United States leadership is faced with a decision regarding the future of the nuclear weapons program in the face of worldwide proliferation concerns and threats.
The Oppenheimer Years, 1943-1945 - Collection of Documents Related to the Development of the Atomic Bomb by Progressive Management (compiler)
Price: $4.99 USD. Words: 8,250. Language: English. Published: March 20, 2013. Categories: Nonfiction » History » Military
This is a collection of documents related to the development of the atomic bomb, with an emphasis on the work of J. Robert Oppenheimer.
Air Force Doctrine Document 3-72: Nuclear Operations - Command and Control (C2), Deterrence, Strategic Effects, Nuclear Safety, Surety, Training by Progressive Management (compiler)
Price: $5.99 USD. Words: 13,460. Language: English. Published: April 19, 2012. Categories: Nonfiction » History » Military, Nonfiction » Science & Nature » Physics / Nuclear
This publication provides doctrinal guidance for the planning, organizing, and employment of Air Force nuclear forces. The Air Force role in nuclear operations is to organize, train, equip, and sustain forces with the capability to support the national security goals of deterring adversaries from attacking the US and its interests with their nuclear arsenals or other weapons of mass destruction.
Enhancing Air Interdiction of WMD - Modifying International Aviation Laws, Enhancing U.S. Military Doctrine, Improving Exercises with the International Community, Proliferation Security Initiative by Progressive Management (compiler)
Price: $4.99 USD. Words: 19,870. Language: English. Published: August 8, 2019. Categories: Nonfiction » History » Military, Nonfiction » History » Military
In the ten years since the Proliferation Security Initiative (PSI) was proposed, the United States has taken steps to expand the network of states involved, improve interdiction laws, and share procedures with involved states. A majority of this effort has been focused on maritime interdiction since most of the world's trade travels by ship.
Nonfiction > History > Military > Military / Aviation
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


This summer will mark my 68th trip to the Holy Land since my first visit with my family in the summer of 1962 at age 16. All but two of these trips have been since 1990. I find the number astounding looking back. By far most of these trips have been for research, whether working at six different archaeological sites (Sepphoris, Wadi el-Yabis, Suba, Qumran, Talpiot tombs, and Mt Zion) or filming for various documentaries. I have led only seven tours in those 28 years! Two of those were private, with our Chancellor and a select group. Only five have been open to the public.
As of this weekend I have just finished putting together a really unique and special tour of Israel for March 2019. It is a tour like no other and I have worked with my colleague, Ross Nichols, to plan this tour based on the extensive experience we have had in leading previous tours.
There are dozens of "Holy Land Tours" out there and if you have ever contemplated taking one you have probably been overwhelmed by the choice of which one you should sign up for. Most by far are led by Christian Pastors and have a decidedly theological orientation. Many of the Jewish tours are oriented toward Jewish and Zionist history–as one would expect.
Prices also vary wildly on these tours–from bottom basement prices that cut corners and end up herding people around the country in large buses with sub-standard hotels, to expensive luxury tours that seem geared more for amenities than education or learning. You don't want to choose the former, believe me, and many can not afford the latter. Also, most visiting the Holy Land are looking for education and spiritual insights, not entertainment and luxury accommodations.
If you are looking for a reasonably priced, high quality tour, with expert leadership, decades of experience, and an emphasis on solid historical and archaeological sites and content related to the entire Bible–read on. You might find cheaper tours but you should read between the lines as many of these "cut rate" bargain tours of the Holy Land end up being just that–cut rate bargains you might better pass up.
The dates are March 1-11, 2019. We want to take a relatively small group of around 35. The idea is to keep things at a size that will allow maximum dialogue and interchange between leaders and participants. Our hotels have been carefully selected personally by Ross and me–they are all great places to stay–Four Star rated. The itinerary of this tour is a composite of all I have experienced in my decades of research and discovery in the Holy Land. Even if you have traveled to Israel before, or specifically traveled with Tabor or Nichols, this is the tour for you.
Our emphasis on this tour will be on New Discoveries in the Holy Land. We will take you behind the scenes, exploring new archaeological and textual discoveries as they are related to the key Biblical sites we will visit. No tour can cover everything but we will take you, quite literally, from "Dan to Beersheba" (1 Samuel 3:20). Our special theme in choosing our sites for this particular tour is that of "Hearing the Voice." We refer here to the particular experiences of key figures of the Bible who have responded to a special spiritual calling: Abraham, Moses, Elijah, Jeremiah, John the Baptist, Jesus, and Paul. Participants will be given a detailed syllabus with maps and further reading so you can really prepare for what you are to experience, as well as review it when you get back.
Two special highlights of this tour: We will stay in the Arava/Negev desert for two nights at Biblical Tamar–one of the best preserved archeological sites in Israel with ruins dating from the Iron Age to the present. The site was recently featured in Popular Archaeology magazine. Ross and I will be excavating there this November and we will share with our participants all the latest regarding this fascinating site. We will also visit the Talpiot "Jesus Family" tombs just south of Jerusalem and discuss the very latest unpublished research and findings related to their history and that of the controversial James ossuary.
Anyone interested in biblical history and literature will find this tour refreshing and educational from beginning to end. We have no expectations regarding belief systems, politics, or faith orientations. All that is required to go on this tour is a strong orientation toward learning more about the Bible and its history and archaeology.
Click the link below to learn more, including the daily itinerary, what is included and not included, pricing, and links to register and reserve your place. Our tours usually fill up relatively fast so if you are interested you can go ahead and put in your deposit now to hold your place.


Great episode with Willie T. Jones of Willie's Tropical Tattoo and surprise guest. We talk news, new model launches and EPA.
Great episode with Josh Sheehan of Nitro Circus and Brian Klock of Klockwerks. We talk Nitro Circus, news, windshields and humble beginnings. Fun Episode!
A great three guest episode of Shop Talk with Bill Dodge talking about the BC Motoinvitational, David Zemla speaking on S&S Cycle and their 60th anniversary and Robert Pandya talking about his Give A Shift movement. Great conversations with all of them!
A great episode with Will Ramsey, Craig Harriman and Corey Barnum of Faith Forgotten Choppers are on the show while Chris and Heather are live from their shop. We also have a great interview with Reid Wilson of Indian Motorcycle talking about the new Chieftain.
Episode 103 is a fun one with Bob Kay of Biker Pros as the only guest. Chris and Heather are live from the Cherokee Blue Ridge Run while Ken holds down the fort in Colorado. They talk news, bikes and the future of riding.


text:
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#### According to
Index Fungorum

#### Published in
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#### Original name
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### Remarks
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Mvhigh is a price comparison platform which lets you discover the best gift ideas across a wide array of categories that include Music, Movies, Books, Gifts, Costumes and others. Price comparison engine Mvhigh enables you in finding the best price for Folding Toilet, as well as shopping deals and today discount offers from all online stores in United States.
Our cousin Amalie from Italy demonstrates her folding toilet.


text:
MLB rumors: Robinson Cano to Mariners?
Written By Staff report
(AP Photo) https://images.performgroup.com/di/library/sporting_news/e8/2/robinson-cano-111913-ap-ftrjpg_1vbw3mmzdcyhx1goa4ixaddz5t.jpg?t=1912276882&w=500&quality=80
Let's be honest: Nobody really expects free agent Robinson Cano to sign with the Seattle Mariners.
But the rumors are out there, and now word comes that the five-time All-Star's reps met with Mariner execs in Seattle on Tuesday.
- SN selects Public Enemy No. 1 for every MLB team
"The meeting went very well," a source told the New York Post.
So will the M's, who have had four straight losing seasons, be able to lure Cano away from the New York Yankees? Based on a report Wednesday in the New York Daily News, they're doing their darndest to make it happen.
Source: Mariners going after Robinson Cano 'guns-a-blazing': http://t.co/UIT4gjNHJb
- NY Daily News Sports (@NYDNSports) December 4, 2013
The source also said that the Mariners may be offering more money than the Yankees at this point.
Cano's agents recently presented a request for about $260 million over nine years to the Yankees. The team countered with an offer of $160 million to $175 million over seven years. Since then, they Yankees have agreed to a seven-year, $153 million deal with free agent Jacoby Ellsbury.
The Ellsbury deal doesn't necessarily preclude the Yanks from re-signing the 31-year-old Cano.
Mariners general manager Jack Zduriencik declined to comment specifically about Cano on Wednesday.
"I think any time you are engaging or attempting to engage or having ongoing discussions or even any hints of any kinds of things, you have to keep it in house. We have a lot of dialogue going on a lot of fronts," he said in a conference call with reporters, per The Seattle Times.
Cano has been one of baseball's top players, finishing with a Baseball Reference WAR of at least 7.6 three of the last four seasons. In 2013, he hit .314/.383/.516 with 27 homers and New York's only consistent source of offense. He finished fifth in MVP voting.
The Mariners finished 12th in the AL in runs scored in 2013 and could use Cano's bit bat in the middle of their lineup.


Casino.com is giving away a whole host of barmy bonuses! What will you get your hands on this week?
The promotion period starts on 00:01 Thursday 2 March until 23:59 (GMT) Wednesday 22 March 2017.
Casino.com is giving away a whole host of barmy bonuses!


text:
Isner falls in Valencia
By | Sports Network
Valencia, Spain – Towering American John Isner was a second-round upset victim Wednesday at the Valencia Open.
Rising Belgian David Goffin toppled the fifth-seeded Isner 7-6 (7-2), 4-6, 6-4. The 6-foot-9 Isner lost despite uncorking 21 aces in the 2-hour, 12- minute affair.
Also in the second round, seventh-seeded Croat Marin Cilic cruised past Spanish left-hander Fernando Verdasco 6-1, 6-4 and Croatian qualifier Ivan Dodig dismissed wild card and fading former world No. 1 Lleyton Hewitt of Australia 6-1, 3-6, 6-2. Verdasco was the Valencia champion back in 2004.
The first round concluded on Day 4 when capable Gilles Muller of Luxembourg upset eighth-seeded Canadian slugger Milos Raonic 7-5, 7-6 (7-1) and reigning champion Marcel Granollers of Spain handled Czech qualifier Jan Hajek 7-5, 6-4 on the hardcourts at the City of the Arts and Sciences. Raonic popped 16 aces in a losing effort.
Granollers, who beat Argentine Juan Monaco in last year's Valencia finale and was the runner-up here in 2010, will meet 2006 runner-up Gilles Simon of France on Thursday.
In some other second-round play on Thursday, top-seeded David Ferrer will take on fellow Spaniard Albert Ramos and second-seeded Spaniard Nicolas Almagro will tangle with resurgent American Sam Querrey. Ferrer titled here in 2008 and 2010 and was the runner-up in 2005. Almagro reached three straight Valencia finals from 2006-08 and won back-to-back titles in 2006 and 2007.


text:
if (typeof performance !== 'undefined' && performance.now) {
  module.exports = function() {
    return performance.now();
  };
} else if (Date.now) {
  module.exports = function() {
    return Date.now();
  };
} else {
  module.exports = function() {
    return new Date().getTime();
  };
}


A curated collection of outstanding photos on our Cradle Mountain Huts Walk from our guides, photographers and you, our guests.
A curated collection of outstanding photos on our Bay of Fires Lodge Walk from our guides, photographers and you, our guests.
A curated collection of outstanding photos on our Wineglass Bay Walk from our guides, photographers and you, our guests.


text:
The Onside
Home HOT NEWS CJF Lifetime Achievement Award goes to Vancouver Sun crime reporter Kim Bolan
CJF Lifetime Achievement Award goes to Vancouver Sun crime reporter Kim Bolan
Kim Bolan, crime reporter for the Vancouver Sun, is the recipient of The Canadian Journalism Foundation's Lifetime Achievement Award, in recognition of her fearless commitment to truth in the face of threats and intimidation. (CNW Group/Canadian Journalism Foundation)
TORONTO, April 9, 2020 /CNW/ – Kim Bolan, the investigative reporter who covers gangs and organized crime for the Vancouver Sun, is the recipient of The Canadian Journalism Foundation's (CJF) Lifetime Achievement Award, in recognition of her fearless commitment to truth in the face of threats and intimidation.
"Her career reads like a fast-paced crime novel, filled with murders, massive drug busts, international terrorists, and death threats to a dogged, unstoppable heroine," says Lou Clancy, visiting scholar of journalism outreach at University of Toronto's Massey College, principal of LJM Strategies and a member of the jury that selected Bolan.
Bolan has covered a range of stories in her 36 years with the Sun but is best known for her courageous reporting on some of biggest criminal cases in Canadian history, including the 1985 Air India bombing. She was placed under police protection while investigating the bombing and another time for threats received from criminal biker gangs. In addition to reporting, she blogs about her life covering crime on The Real Scoop.
Her work has taken her to wars in Afghanistan, Pakistan and Central America and to northern India to expose the roots of the extremism that led to the Air India bombing. She is the author of the award-winning book Loss of Faith: How the Air India Bombers Got Away with Murder. She is also a journalism Instructor at Vancouver's Langara College where she teaches media and the law, and investigative reporting.
Bolan has won or been shortlisted for more than 35 provincial, national and international journalism honours. Her many awards include the International Women's Media Foundation's Courage in Journalism Award and the inaugural Press Freedom Award.
"In Kim Bolan's journalism career, she made us very aware that the West was part of Canada," says The Right Hon. Adrienne Clarkson, a jury member. "With her integrity and investigative skills, she always enlightened and informed us. Kim Bolan has literally risked her life in the crime and investigative stories she has specialized in throughout her career. Surviving threats and menaces of physical harm, she boldly tackled the Air India crash story, persevering to help report over a long period until some truth emerged."
Bolan joins a distinguished group of CJF Lifetime Achievement Award winners including: John Honderich, Peter Mansbridge, Jean Pelletier, Lloyd Robertson, Michel Auger, Peter Bregg, Jack Sigvaldason, Lise Bissonnette, Joe Schlesinger, Sally Armstrong, Knowlton Nash, June Callwood and Trina McQueen, among others.
Bolan will be honoured at the annual CJF Awards on October 30 in Toronto at The Ritz-Carlton. For tickets, tables or sponsorship opportunities, visit the CJF Awards page.
The Lifetime Achievement Award jury members are:
Chair – Michel Cormier, former executive director, news and current affairs, Radio-Canada
The Rt. Hon. Adrienne Clarkson, co-chair of the Institute for Canadian Citizenship, Governor General of Canada (1999-2005)
Esther Enkin, former CBC ombudsman, CBC News
Chantal Hébert, political columnist, Toronto Star, le Devoir, l'Actualité, CBC, Radio-Canada
Lou Clancy, visiting scholar journalism outreach, Massey College, University of Toronto, and principal, LJM Strategies
SOURCECanadian Journalism Foundation
Kim Bolan
The Canadian Public Relations Society announces 12 new Accredited Members
Open Farm Receives $80MM+ Minority Growth Investment Led By General Atlantic
Absorb Software Closes 2020 with Record Growth
Onside is a business news focused online digital media house. Onside Media combines both local and global content in the digital ecosystem. It offers diverse professionals business news in domains such as automobiles, education, finance, lifestyle, media, real estate, tourism and technology. Onside constantly strives to create and deliver high-quality forward-thinking content.
Contact us: info@theonside.com
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A cozy sleeping nook is flanked by two built-in bookshelves to create a symmetrical look in this attic bedroom. White walls and furnishings make the small room appear larger and more open. White walls and furnishings make the small room appear larger and more open.
Just look at the example shown here – an attractive, but ho-hum neutral bedroom gets a huge style lift from the gorgeous headboard. One of the easiest ways to show off your creativity and personality in the bedroom with a repurposed or DIY headboard .


Omestic Violence :Why does she stay in abusive relationship?
This project will be based on research extracted SECONDARY DATA: General academic text ,Specific scholarly works ,jurnals, articles ,internet sites,NGO (United Kingdom ) etc.
HIGHT IMPORTANCE : Bibliography ,References , Quotes MUST follow Harvard System of referencing (author , page number ,year ) New Chapter New Page etc.
I would suggest that you choose research data methodology,but please be in contact during the progress. And if possible to send the literature review before completion, as I have to check with my supervisor. Dont want the whole work rejected.
Omestic violence :what it does to the children. OMESTIC VIOLENCE (SPOUSAL ABUSE, ELDER ABUSE, SIBLING ABUSE AND CHILD NEGLECT) OMESTIC VIOLENCE (SPOUSAL ABUSE, ELDER ABUSE, SIBLING ABUSE AND CHILD NEGLECT) Domestic violence against immigrant and refugee women in canada Omestic Violence Against Women In 2010 Has A Greater Affect Than It Did 50 years ago Omestic Violence Against Women In 2010 Has A Greater Affect Than It Did 50 years ago.


June 2, 2006 - "It is an honor for me to speak to you at your graduation, for this time is a happy time for teachers, students and families to gather together to celebrate the culmination of years of work in pursuit of a worthy goal. I want to express my congratulations to the faculty, administration and especially to the students graduating this evening from the only High School in Indiana named for Booker T Washington.
By the way, did you know that throughout our country, nineteen high schools bear the name, Booker T. Washington? Except for schools named after Presidents Washington, Lincoln and Kennedy, no other person in our nation's history is so honored. And you are are now part of his legacy. Be proud.
Even as I join you to celebrate your graduation... that is, the end of one phase of your life, some of you might be thinking about how to start the next phase of your life. That's why graduation is called "commencement", it's a new beginning.
When I am asked to speak at a commencement, I'm generally asked to say a few "words to the wise". But my hero Bill Cosby says, "Words to the wise ain't necessary - it's the stupid ones that need the advice."
So you don't need any "wise words" from me. But let me talk about something that crossed my mind while traveling here. It seems to me there are three key questions that everybody who truly desires success in life struggles with. Three questions you might ask yourself, because sooner or later, you will have to answer them... and by yourself.
What do I want to be? What is my purpose in life? How do I want to live?
What do you want to be? Somebody? Successful? Rich & Famous? Respected? a Winner?
I don't know your answer, but I do know the secret to being a winner. I can tell you how to win every game, every time you ever play. And it doesn't matter if you play tennis, b-ball, wrestling, debating, a spelling bee, whatever.
Never, ever play with anyone better than you. Simple, isn't it? You'll hardly ever lose... but of course... you'll hardly ever get any better either. Winning every time doesn't make you a winner.
It takes hard work to be a winner. This graduation... commencement... should mean more to you than to other Terre Haute graduates because you worked hard to achieve it.
Booker T. was freed at nine years old and only then was he finally free to attend school. Before then, it was even against the law for whites to teach Negroes how to read or write. But his step-father expected him to work in a salt mine to help support the family. But Booker T. figured out how to work in the mine from 5 to 9 in the morning and from 6 to 9 at night. Just so he could attend school during the day.
That's why his name is on your school. Determination. Determination is hard work.
One day, the salt mine owner's wife told him to clean up a woodshed. He did the best he knew. But he had lived in a one room cabin and slept on a dirt floor. He didn't know what clean was. He couldn't see the dirt. But Mrs. Ruffner did and told him to clean it a second time, and yet again a third time. By then, he realized he was sweating more than he ever had, because he realized that for the first time in his life, he had to force himself to think about what he was doing.
And that's why his name is on your school. Thinking. Thinking is hard work.
It's hard work to think about what you do, what you want your life's purpose to be and how you want to live. It takes discipline. Determination and discipline.
Now, here's another secret. Chances are your teachers and parents share the same secret but they probably don't want me to tell you. But I'm going to anyway.
Here it is: Every one them, teachers, parents, me too, have screwed up somewhere, sometime on something bigtime.
Chances are, we screwed up at what we may be most successful at today. It's a fact of life. To win, you have to be willing to accept losing. Because success doesn't mean winning all the time.
Ever heard of Larry Byrd? Boston Celtics, one of the 50 greatest players in the NBA, 12-time All-Star and MVP. He came back to ISU here in Terrer Haute to complete college, was National College Player of the Year in 1979 and a lot more.
Guess what he did, even as an NBA champion. Before every b-ball game, he would walk out on the court with no one around, and just throw himself down on the floor again and again. He prepared himself to accept failure before every game. To take the pain and get right back up. He knew that sometimes he was going to crash, and it was going to hurt. So he prepared himself mentally to get right back up.
"The circumstances that surround your life are not important.
But how you respond to those circumstances is important.
Your response is the ultimate determining factor between success and failure."
You always have a choice. You can get back up... or give up... when you crash.
Think. Be disciplined. Be determined. And never give up.
But if Booker T's advice doesn't grab you, here's one last bit of advice from a rapper you might know: Will Smith.
'Cause Hate in your heart will consume you too."


text:
// Copyright 2019, Institute for Artificial Intelligence - University of Bremen
// Author: Andrei Haidu (http://haidu.eu)

#include "Events/SLSlicingEvent.h"
#include "Individuals/Type/SLBaseIndividual.h"
#include "Owl/SLOwlExperimentStatics.h"

// Constructor with initialization
FSLSlicingEvent::FSLSlicingEvent(const FString& InId, const float InStart, const float InEnd, const uint64 InPairId,
	USLBaseIndividual* InPerformedBy, USLBaseIndividual* InDeviceUsed, USLBaseIndividual* InObjectActedOn,
	USLBaseIndividual* InOutputsCreated, const bool bInTaskSuccessful) :
	ISLEvent(InId, InStart, InEnd), PairId(InPairId),
	PerformedBy(InPerformedBy), DeviceUsed(InDeviceUsed), ObjectActedOn(InObjectActedOn),
	CreatedSlice(InOutputsCreated), bTaskSuccessful(bInTaskSuccessful)
{
}

// Constructor initialization without endTime, endTaskSuccess and outputsCreated.
FSLSlicingEvent::FSLSlicingEvent(const FString& InId, const float InStart, const uint64 InPairId,
	USLBaseIndividual* InPerformedBy, USLBaseIndividual* InDeviceUsed, USLBaseIndividual* InObjectActedOn) :
	ISLEvent(InId, InStart), PairId(InPairId),
	PerformedBy(InPerformedBy), DeviceUsed(InDeviceUsed), ObjectActedOn(InObjectActedOn)
{
}

/* Begin ISLEvent interface */
// Get an owl representation of the event
FSLOwlNode FSLSlicingEvent::ToOwlNode() const
{
	// Create the contact event node
	FSLOwlNode EventIndividual = FSLOwlExperimentStatics::CreateEventIndividual(
		"log", Id, "SlicingingSomething");
	EventIndividual.AddChildNode(FSLOwlExperimentStatics::CreateStartTimeProperty("log", StartTime));
	EventIndividual.AddChildNode(FSLOwlExperimentStatics::CreateEndTimeProperty("log", EndTime));
	EventIndividual.AddChildNode(FSLOwlExperimentStatics::CreatePerformedByProperty("log", PerformedBy->GetIdValue()));
	EventIndividual.AddChildNode(FSLOwlExperimentStatics::CreateDeviceUsedProperty("log", DeviceUsed->GetIdValue()));
	EventIndividual.AddChildNode(FSLOwlExperimentStatics::CreateObjectActedOnProperty("log", ObjectActedOn->GetIdValue()));
	EventIndividual.AddChildNode(FSLOwlExperimentStatics::CreateTaskSuccessProperty("log", bTaskSuccessful));
	if (bTaskSuccessful)
	{
		EventIndividual.AddChildNode(FSLOwlExperimentStatics::CreateOutputsCreatedProperty("log", CreatedSlice->GetIdValue()));
	}
	EventIndividual.AddChildNode(FSLOwlExperimentStatics::CreateInEpisodeProperty("log", EpisodeId));
	return EventIndividual;
}

// Add the owl representation of the event to the owl document
void FSLSlicingEvent::AddToOwlDoc(FSLOwlDoc* OutDoc)
{
	// Add timepoint individuals
	// We know that the document is of type FOwlExperiment,
	// we cannot use the safer dynamic_cast because RTTI is not enabled by default
	// if (FOwlEvents* EventsDoc = dynamic_cast<FOwlEvents*>(OutDoc))
	FSLOwlExperiment* EventsDoc = static_cast<FSLOwlExperiment*>(OutDoc);
	EventsDoc->RegisterTimepoint(StartTime);
	EventsDoc->RegisterTimepoint(EndTime);
	EventsDoc->RegisterObject(PerformedBy);
	EventsDoc->RegisterObject(DeviceUsed);
	EventsDoc->RegisterObject(ObjectActedOn);
	EventsDoc->RegisterObject(CreatedSlice);
	OutDoc->AddIndividual(ToOwlNode());
}

// Send event through ROS
FString FSLSlicingEvent::ToROSQuery() const
{
	// has_region, has_role, has_participant, has_time_interval,
	// Action
	FString Query = FString::Printf(TEXT("Action = \'http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#Slicing_%s\',"), *Id);
	Query.Append("tell([");
	Query.Append("is_action(Action),");
	Query.Append(FString::Printf(TEXT("has_type(Task, soma:\'Slicing\'),")));
	Query.Append("executes_task(Action, Task),");
	Query.Append(FString::Printf(TEXT("holds(Action, soma:'hasEventBegin', %f),"), StartTime));
	Query.Append(FString::Printf(TEXT("holds(Action, soma:'hasEventEnd', %f),"), EndTime));
	if (bTaskSuccessful)
	{
		Query.Append(FString::Printf(TEXT("holds(Action, soma:'hasExecutionState', soma:'ExecutionState_Succeded')")));
	}
	else
	{
		Query.Append(FString::Printf(TEXT("holds(Action, soma:'hasExecutionState', soma:'ExecutionState_Failed')")));
	}
	Query.Append("]),");

	// Tool
	if (DeviceUsed->IsLoaded())
	{
		Query.Append(FString::Printf(TEXT("ObjUsed = \'http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#%s_%s\',"), *DeviceUsed->GetClassValue(), *DeviceUsed->GetIdValue()));
		Query.Append("tell([");
		Query.Append(FString::Printf(TEXT("has_type(ObjUsed, soma:\'knife\'),")));
		Query.Append(FString::Printf(TEXT("has_type(ToolRole, soma:\'Tool\'),")));
		Query.Append(FString::Printf(TEXT("has_role(ObjUsed, ToolRole) during [%f,%f],"), StartTime, EndTime));
		Query.Append("has_participant(Action, ObjUsed)");
		Query.Append("]),");
	}

	// Food
	if (ObjectActedOn->IsLoaded())
	{
		Query.Append(FString::Printf(TEXT("AlteredObj = \'http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#%s_%s\',"), *ObjectActedOn->GetClassValue(), *ObjectActedOn->GetIdValue()));
		Query.Append("tell([");
		Query.Append("is_physical_object(AlteredObj),");
		Query.Append(FString::Printf(TEXT("has_type(AlteredRole, soma:\'AlteredObject\'),")));
		Query.Append(FString::Printf(TEXT("has_role(AlteredObj, AlteredRole) during [%f,%f],"), StartTime, EndTime));
		Query.Append("has_participant(Action, AlteredObj)");
		Query.Append("]),");
	}

	// New piece
	if (CreatedSlice->IsLoaded())
	{
		Query.Append(FString::Printf(TEXT("CreatedObj = \'http://www.ease-crc.org/ont/SOMA.owl#%s_%s\',"), *CreatedSlice->GetClassValue(), *CreatedSlice->GetIdValue()));
		Query.Append("tell([");
		Query.Append("is_physical_object(CreatedObj),");
		Query.Append(FString::Printf(TEXT("has_type(CreatedRole, soma:\'CreatedObject\'),")));
		Query.Append(FString::Printf(TEXT("has_role(CreatedObj, CreatedRole) during [%f,%f],"), StartTime, EndTime));
		Query.Append("has_participant(Action, CreatedObj)");
		Query.Append("]),");
	}

	// Episode
	Query.Append("tell([");
	Query.Append("is_episode(Episode),");
	Query.Append("is_setting_for(Episode, Action)");
	Query.Append("]).");
	return Query;
}

// Get event context data as string (ToString equivalent)
FString FSLSlicingEvent::Context() const
{
	return FString::Printf(TEXT("Slicing - %lld"), PairId);
}

// Get the tooltip data
FString FSLSlicingEvent::Tooltip() const
{
	if (bTaskSuccessful)
	{
		return FString::Printf(TEXT("\'PerformedBy\',\'%s\',\'Id\',\'%s\',  \
								 \'DeviceUsed\',\'%s\',\'Id\',\'%s\',  \
								 \'ObjectActedOn\',\'%s\',\'Id\',\'%s\',\
								 \'TaskSuccess True\', \
								 \'OutputsCreated\',\'%s\',\'Id\',\'%s\',\
								 \'Id\',\'%s\'"),
						*PerformedBy->GetClassValue(), *PerformedBy->GetIdValue(),
						*DeviceUsed->GetClassValue(), *DeviceUsed->GetIdValue(),
						*ObjectActedOn->GetClassValue(), *ObjectActedOn->GetIdValue(),
						*CreatedSlice->GetClassValue(), *CreatedSlice->GetIdValue(),
						*Id);
	}
	else
	{
		return FString::Printf(TEXT("\'PerformedBy\',\'%s\',\'Id\',\'%s\',  \
								 \'DeviceUsed\',\'%s\',\'Id\',\'%s\',  \
								 \'ObjectActedOn\',\'%s\',\'Id\',\'%s\',\
								 \'TaskSuccess False\', \
								 \'Id\',\'%s\'"),
			*PerformedBy->GetClassValue(), *PerformedBy->GetIdValue(),
			*DeviceUsed->GetClassValue(), *DeviceUsed->GetIdValue(),
			*ObjectActedOn->GetClassValue(), *ObjectActedOn->GetIdValue(),
			*Id);
	}
}

// Get the data as string
FString FSLSlicingEvent::ToString() const
{
	if (bTaskSuccessful)
	{
		return FString::Printf(TEXT("PerformedBy:[%s] DeviceUsed:[%s] ObjectActedOn:[%s] TaskSuccess:[True] OutputsCreated:[%s] PairId:%lld"),
			*PerformedBy->GetInfo(), *DeviceUsed->GetInfo(), *ObjectActedOn->GetInfo(), *CreatedSlice->GetInfo(), PairId);
	}
	else
	{
		return FString::Printf(TEXT("PerformedBy:[%s] DeviceUsed:[%s] ObjectActedOn:[%s] TaskSuccess:[False] PairId:%lld"),
			*PerformedBy->GetInfo(), *DeviceUsed->GetInfo(), *ObjectActedOn->GetInfo(), PairId);
	}
}
/* End ISLEvent interface */


1. Check the Graduation Application Deadline.
2. Make an appointment with the academic advisor for your major by logging on to http://omniupdate.fau.edu/science/student_services/advising.php and choosing the link for 'Make an Advising Appointment'.
3. Download and print the Application for Degree form from the Registrar's website and bring it with you to your appointment.
Students who DO NOT apply for graduation before the deadline can have their graduation delayed by one semester.
This procedure must be repeated if the student does not graduate in the expected term.
New students should keep a copy of the University Catalog that was in effect at the time of their admission. The catalog is, in essence, a contract between the student and the University as to what the student must do to earn their Baccalaureate. This means that any changes in degree requirements that occur after a student has been admitted will not apply to that student. HOWEVER, if the student discontinues enrollment for more than one year, their enrollment must be reactivated and new requirements will then apply.
4. Earn the last 30 upper division credit hours in residence at FAU.
5. Earn at least 75% of all upper division courses in the major department from FAU.
6. Fulfill the Intellectual Foundation requirements.
7. Satisfy the Gordon Rule requirements.
8. Satisfy the CLAS requirements.
9. Fulfill the foreign language graduation requirement.
10. File an application for degree in the Student Services Office (SE 308).


SAP Treasury and Risk Management is an integrated solution, in which the various components are closely linked.
The Transaction Manager is a powerful instrument that executes efficient liquidity, portfolio and risk management. You have the option of carrying out liquidity and risk analysis in the Transaction Manager. Based on these analyses and the current conditions on the financial markets, you can make decisions about future investments and borrowings.
Helps you manage your financial transactions and positions. This involves trading, back office, and the connection to Financial Accounting.
Helps you utilize existing rationalization and enables you to automate typical processes.
Provides flexible reporting and evaluation.
Financial services for affiliated group companies.
Activities on financial markets for investing liquid funds.
Financing short-term and long-term investment projects.
Hedging potential or existing risks.
Money market transactions are used for short to medium-term investment and barrowing liquid funds.
The money market area is a sub component of the Transaction manager and is closely integrated with other components.
You can implement cash management decisions in the Money Market area based on the liquidity surplus or deficit determined in Cash Management.
It is also closely linked to the Financial.
The trading area contains functions for entering money market transactions. It also enables you to also call up information on transactions or make changes at a later date. Collective processing functions are available to help you manage your transactions efficiently.
Financial transaction processing in the transaction manager is based on master data.
Treasury consists of one module that could be potentiality used for the cash flow statement preparation-TR –CBM (Cash Budget Management). This module would allow to classify all the cash inflows and outflows using the "Commitment items" defined as SAP master data. Then the cash flow statement should be probably prepared in the report painter.
Cash management is used monitor payment flows and safeguard liquidity, so that you can meet your payment commitments.
Integration: cash management is a subcomponent of treasury.
This means it is closely linked with treasury management (TR-TM) and market risk management (MRM).
Cash management offers the functions described above for liquidity analysis purposes while MRM offers methods and process of assessing risks positions.
Cash position supplies information on the current financial situation in your bank and bank clearing accounts. Integration with payment advices means that cash position can give you an Overview over Short-term liquidity movements.
Integration:--The cash position reproduces the activity in your bank accounts. it is derived from the prompt entry (on their value date). of all payments made within a short period of time.
Data is supplied from three sources.
Cash budget management covers the whole company. its main task is to identify impending shortages or surpluses of funds in your business.
In funds management the business is divided into areas of responsibility, which are then monitored centrally. Budget funds are assigned to the individual areas of responsibility.
Planning interval:-- Cash management deals only with the short-term liquidity of a business, while cash budget management is concerned with the medium term and long term.
Division of revenue and expenditure:-- Cash management divides revenues and expenditures by customer and vendor group. While, cash budget management, the division is by revenue and expenditure item.
The FM area is the commercial organizational unit, within which cash budget management and financial budgeting are conducted. It structures the business as a viewed from cash budget management.
Cash budget management :The financial management area.
The basis data object in cash budget management is the commitment item.
With commitment items, you can divided business transactions affecting liquidity in your business into revenue, expenditure, and balance items.
Account assignment items:--Make up the lowest level in the commitment item hierarchy.
You must define an item category and financial transaction in each commitment item master record. The item category controls whether the commitment is a revenue, expenditure, or balance item. The financial transaction is important When data is being recorded in cash budget management.
By allocating authorizations, you determine which objects your personal may process and what processing functions they may use.
Profiles consist of authorizations, for one work center.
The authorizations in cash budget management are checked in the following order.
For data to be recorded in cash budget management, you must always enter an account assignment when posting data in the feeder system.
If do not define in the commitment item in the G/L account, you must specify one when entering a document, otherwise the system cannot post the document.
Actual values in relation to payments in and out.
Commitments values are bank clearing (Debit and credit side).
Recurring entry documents are not integrated.
Commitments arising from purchase request ion.
Commitments arising from purchase orders.
Commitment arising from goods receipt.
To explain the beginning and ending account balances.


It eliminates the need for inconvenient, expensive, and harmful bottled water! Last year, roughly 17 billion barrels of oil were used to produce plastic water bottles enough to fuel more than 1 million cars in the U.S. for one year. 17 billion barrels of oil are used every year to transport bottled water in the US. More than 4 billion pounds of the bottles end up in the nation's landfills and roadsides each year, which costs American cities $70million a year in disposal costs. 1999: At locations farthest from land, oceans contained 6 times more plastic than plankton. In 2008 that number increased to 46 times more plastic than plankton. Below is the trailer of a recent documentary entitled "Tapped" which focuses on the health environmental and political impacts of bottled water.
Get the cleanest and purest water possible right at the kitchen sink. A recent article in Time Magazine states the best way to prevent cancer from an external source is to drink filtered tap water.	Water providers say they also increasingly are detecting new contaminants, such as pharmaceutical residues from birth-control pills, cosmetics and antidepressants. (Denver Post 7/5/2011).	Plastic bottles are made with Toluene, Benzene (known carcinogen), and Styrene.
Recent independent tests confirmed that these chemicals are ending up in our bottled water.	40% of the water sold in bottles comes right out of municipal water taps, the same water that runs into your kitchen sinks.	Human body is 70% water; replenish and refresh your body with the healthiest and best tasting water 90% of Americans are severely dehydrated, Dr. Robert O. Young, author of Sick &Tired. A reduction of only 5% in body water will result a decline of 20-30% in our performance and energy. - NY Times Guide to Personal Health. If your water tastes better then you will ultimately drink more.
Enhance the taste and flavor of all teas, coffees, juices, pastas, and soups by using RO water.	Reverse osmosis is the accepted technology to remove virtually all impurities; Kinetico's systems are certified to remove more contaminants than any other.
There are over 12 features of the K5 Drinking Station that set it apart from our competitors.
Cartridge Options. Eight different options to meet your removal needs now and in the future. Includes the Perfecta® Virus/Bacteria Guard for microbiologically pure water. The Mineral Plus cartridge improves the taste and health benefits of water by adding magnesium and calcium back into the treated water. Cartridges also available for arsenic, chloramines, chlorine/sediment, sediment, perchlorate, and VOC reduction. Final polish with carbon post filter.
QuickFlo Technology. Delivers a strong flow of water from the faucet. Allows system to produce more water in less time.
High Daily Production. Can produce more than 40 gallons per day.
Quick Disconnect Sanitary Filter Cartridges. Makes changing filters easy.
Patented, Exclusive EverClean® Rinse. Consistently high water quality. Increases membrane life lowers maintenance cost.
PureMometer® Filter Life Indicator. Shows filter capacity.
Patented, Tamper-Proof MACguard® Filter. No more wondering when to change cartridges. Assures high quality water and peace of mind.
Automatic System Shutdown. Conserves water - doesn't run water continuously to drain.
Exclusive Designer. Lead-free, stylish design available in a variety of finishes.
Non-Electric, Totally Automatic. No electrical problems.
Efficient Operation. Conserves water, lower operating costs.
EverClean Rinse prolongs the life and efficiency of the membrane by cleaning the system with the same high-quality water the system produces.
Non-electric system uses zero electricity and eliminates electric parts that break down.
The convenience and comfort of each home or business featuring a Kinetico RO drinking system is enhanced.
Increases overall market value of your home or business.
Kinetico offers an industry leading ten-year warranty.
Softer, smoother skin. Kinetico's soft, dechlorinated water eliminates odors and tastes as well as the drying effects of hard water on your skin and hair.
Brighter Colors. Kinetico conditioned water cleans like it should by letting detergent do its job, freeing clothes from dirt and grime, then rinsing completely away.
Safe Drinking Water. Crystal clear Kinetico drinking water can be enjoyed straight from the tap without foul odors or tastes, as well as those agents that cannot be seen, smelled or tasted.
Clean foods, tastier meals. Foods washed and cooked using Kinetico filtered water make your favorite recipes taste even better.
Using soft water means you'll use less detergent and cleaners, but achieve better cleaning results.
Clean, soft water keeps plumbing free from scale build up and saves money on costly replacement.
Softened water will help your water-using appliances operate more efficiently and last longer, saving you money on expensive repairs.
A Hydrus water softener increases the efficiency of your hotel or facility by 22% - 29%.
With a Kinetico softener, water waste is reduced by 30% and the amount of salt used is reduced by 40%.


text:
Hopes high for MS treatment
A team of doctors promoting a controversial treatment for multiple sclerosis are visiting Whitehorse later this month. Jillian Campion helped arrange the visit. The 51-year-old Whitehorse resident has the disease.
A team of doctors promoting a controversial treatment for multiple sclerosis are visiting Whitehorse later this month.
Jillian Campion helped arrange the visit. The 51-year-old Whitehorse resident has the disease. And she has high hopes for the so-called liberation treatment, which goes by the clinical title of chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency, or CCSVI.
The treatment, pioneered by Italian researcher Paolo Zamboni, upends the longstanding medical belief that MS is an autoimmune disease, in which the body's defences begin to attack nerve endings.
Instead, Zamboni postulates the disease is a result of poor blood drainage from the brain.
Backed-up blood in the brain results in iron deposits, which produce the disease's symptoms, according to this theory.
The problem is fixed with the wire and balloon inserted into the patient's neck. The technique, called an angioplasty, is routinely used to unplug veins and arteries during heart surgeries in Canada.
The Yukon government plans to piggyback on clinical trials planned by Manitoba and Saskatchewan.
Many medical practitioners, meanwhile, remain skeptical of the treatment, which has yet to be replicated on a large scale. But MS patients like Campion feel they can't afford to wait.
She was diagnosed with the disease in 1984. "I woke up one morning, and I was all numb on one side," she said.
The numbness spread. Then she developed double vision.
So Campion sought the CCSVI treatment. Currently, it's not available in Canada. So she paid out of pocket more than $10,000 to have the procedure in California.
She credits the operation for helping restore her balance and feeling in one hand.
"I'd be falling all over the place. I couldn't bend over to pick up a dime. I'd have to put my laundry basket on a rolling chair to put it in the washing machine. I'd have to sit down to do my jacket up.
"Now I can do all that stuff. And it was instant."
The doctor who operated on Campion was Dr. Joseph Hewett. On July 27, as part of a tour of Western Canada, he's visiting Whitehorse to give a free public talk at 7 p.m. at the High Country Inn.
Joining him is Dr. Bill Code. He became diagnosed with MS in 1996 and has become a big believer in the treatment.
He suspects MS patients suffer "a slow stroke" because of constricted blood flow to the brain.
He credits the treatment for lifting a 15-year "mental fog," improving his sleep and ridding himself of headaches and fatigue.
Code faults skeptical doctors. "They just can't accept a paradigm shift," he said.
"They've all held everyone else at ransom, saying, bogus. But I don't think they've looked at the literature. They've gone in with blinkers on."
Code suspects the treatment may help patients who suffer from other degenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Lou Gehrig's diseases.
There are two well-published accounts of Canadians dying from the CCSVI procedure.
But Code says it's "a very safe procedure" that probably presents as small a risk as that for carpal tunnel syndrome.
Jenny Roberts, president of the Yukon's MS Society, estimates approximately 100 Yukoners have the disease. The CCSVI treatment has become a regular topic at the biweekly meeting of a MS support group at Copper Ridge Place.
Contact John Thompson at
johnt@yukon-news.com.
Bike helmet law scarcely enforced
New taxi bylaw puts cabbies, customers and city at risk


text:
MINOR v. UNITED STATES
MINOR v. UNITED STATES(1969)
Argued: October 15, 1969Decided: December 8, 1969
[ Footnote * ] Together with No. 271, Buie v. United States, also on certiorari to the same court.
Petitioner in No. 189 was convicted of selling heroin to an undercover agent not pursuant to a written order on an official form, in violation of 2 of the Harrison Narcotics Act, 26 U.S.C. 4705 (a). In No. 271, petitioner was convicted of selling marihuana to an agent who did not have the official order form required by 6 of the Marihuana Tax Act, 26 U.S.C. 4742 (a). The Court of Appeals affirmed both convictions over objections that the statutory obligation to sell only pursuant to an official order form violated petitioners' Fifth Amendment privilege against self-incrimination. Held:
1. With respect to the Marihuana Tax Act, the petitioner seller's claim of violation of his privilege against self-incrimination is not substantial. Pp. 91-94.
(a) There is no real possibility that purchasers would comply with the order form requirement even if the seller insisted on selling only pursuant to the prescribed form, in view of the $100 per ounce tax on an unregistered transferee; the illegality under federal and state law; and the fact that the Fifth Amendment, as held in Leary v. United States, 395 U.S. 6 , relieves unregistered buyers of any duty to pay the tax and secure the order form. P. 92.
(b) In Leary, supra, the statute purported to make all marihuana purchases legal from the buyer's viewpoint at his option; but to exercise that option and avoid the federal penalty, he was forced to incriminate himself under other laws. Here, compliance by selling is foreclosed as a viable option, not because the seller might incriminate himself, but because he will seldom, if ever, encounter an unregistered purchaser willing and able to secure the order form. In such a case, "full and literal" compliance [396 U.S. 87, 88] by the seller with 4742 (a) means simply that he cannot sell at all. Pp. 92-93.
(c) That there is a small number of registered marihuana dealers does not change this result, since petitioner's customer was not a registered dealer, and it is unlikely that even a registered dealer would present an order form to an unregistered seller. Pp. 93-94.
2. Petitioner seller's self-incrimination claim under the Harrison Narcotics Act is likewise insubstantial. Pp. 94-98.
(a) Petitioner's argument which assumes that an order form would be forthcoming if he refused to sell without it, is unrealistic, there being no substantial possibility that a buyer could have secured an order form to obtain heroin, virtually all dealings in which are illicit. Pp. 96-97.
(b) Since petitioner's customer was not a registered buyer, the alleged possibility of incrimination is purely hypothetical. P. 97.
(c) Even if petitioner's customer were registered, the result would probably be the same, since it is unlikely that a registered dealer would enter the name of an unregistered seller on the order form and record what would surely be an illegal sale. Pp. 97-98.
No. 189, 398 F.2d 511, and No. 271, 407 F.2d 905, affirmed.
Phylis Skloot Bamberger, by appointment of the Court, post, p. 809, argued the cause for petitioner in No. 189. With her on the briefs was William E. Hellerstein. David A. Diamond argued the cause and filed a brief for petitioner in No. 271.
Peter L. Strauss argued the cause for the United States in No. 189. With him on the brief were Solicitor General Griswold, Assistant Attorney General Wilson, Beatrice Rosenberg, and Leonard H. Dickstein. Joseph J. Connolly argued the cause for the United States in No. 271. With him on the brief were Solicitor General Griswold, Assistant Attorney General Wilson, Miss Rosenberg, and Mervyn Hamburg. [396 U.S. 87, 89]
These cases raise related questions about the availability of the Fifth Amendment as a defense to convictions for selling narcotic drugs and marihuana without the written order forms required by law.
James Minor, petitioner in No. 189, sold heroin on two separate occasions in 1967 to an undercover narcotics agent. Having waived trial by jury, petitioner was convicted in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York of selling narcotics not pursuant to a written order on an official form - a violation of 2 of the Harrison Narcotics Act, now 26 U.S.C. 4705 (a). 1
Michael Buie, petitioner in No. 271, sold five packages of marihuana in May 1967 to an undercover narcotics agent. The agent did not have the official order form required for such transactions by 6 of the Marihuana Tax Act, now 26 U.S.C. 4742 (a). 2 A jury in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York convicted petitioner of violating 4742 (a). [396 U.S. 87, 90]
In separate opinions, the Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit affirmed both convictions over objections in each case that the statutory obligation to sell only in pursuance of an official order form violated petitioner's Fifth Amendment privilege against self-incrimination. United States v. Minor, 398 F.2d 511 (1968); United States v. Buie, 407 F.2d 905 (1969). We granted certiorari, 395 U.S. 932 and 976, to consider petitioner's Fifth Amendment claims, particularly in light of our intervening decision in Leary v. United States, 395 U.S. 6 (1969). For the reasons that follow, we affirm the judgments in both cases.
We deal first with No. 271. Under pertinent provisions of the Marihuana Tax Act, 26 U.S.C. 4751-4753, every person who sells, deals in, dispenses, or gives away marihuana must register with the Internal Revenue Service and pay a special occupational tax. The Act also imposes a tax on transfers of marihuana, to be paid by the transferee; the rate for those who have registered and paid the occupational tax is $1 per ounce; for those who have not or who cannot register the rate is $100 per ounce. Under 4742 (a) it is illegal to transfer marihuana except pursuant to a written order of the transferee on a form obtained by the latter at the time he pays the transfer tax. The order form when issued must carry the name and address of both buyer and seller and the amount of marihuana to be purchased. 26 U.S.C. 4742 (c). Other provisions of 4742 require the form to be issued in triplicate, one copy to be retained by the Internal Revenue Service, the other copy to be kept in the buyer's files, and the original to be delivered to the seller and retained by him. 26 U.S.C. 4742 (d). Both original and copies are open to inspection by federal and state law enforcement officers. 26 U.S.C. 4742 (d), 4773.
Buie argues that because the buyer's order must be on the form issued by the Secretary of the Treasury and [396 U.S. 87, 91] because 4742 (c) requires the seller's name and address to be on the form before its issuance to the buyer, the seller is forced to incriminate himself: he is forced to insist on an order form linking him to an illicit transaction and in many instances must furnish one of those links himself by giving his name to the buyer so that the latter will have the data necessary to secure the form. Moreover, it is said that the very act of selling pursuant to the order form forces the seller to admit that he is the person named in the document and to acknowledge the sale of specified amounts of marihuana on a specified date; the sale also leads to the further requirement that both seller and buyer retain a copy of the form open to inspection by law enforcement officials.
We have considerable doubt that any of these arguments would withstand close scrutiny, 3 but we find it unnecessary to appraise them in detail because we have concluded that there is no real and substantial possibility that Buie's purchaser, or purchasers generally, would be willing to comply with the order form requirement even if their seller insisted on selling only pursuant to the form prescribed by law. [396 U.S. 87, 92]
The situation of the buyer is this: if he applies for the order form he must announce his intention to purchase marihuana - a transaction that, if he is unregistered, will involve a tax of $100 for each ounce of marihuana involved in the impending sale and that is illegal under both federal and state law. We have great difficulty in believing, and nothing in this record convinces us, that one who wishes to purchase marihuana will comply with a seller's request that he incriminate himself with federal and local authorities and pay $100 per ounce in taxes in order to secure the order form. The possibility is particularly unlikely in view of the fact that the Fifth Amendment relieves unregistered buyers of any duty to pay the transfer tax and secure the incriminating order form. Leary v. United States, 395 U.S. 6 (1969). Except that they are sources of marihuana, sellers have no magic power over buyers; and the characteristics of marihuana do not suggest that buyers would be driven by such urgent need that to get the drug they would incriminate themselves at the seller's behest and pay the prohibitive tax imposed on the transfer. As insistent as sellers might be, it is extremely unlikely that buyers would comply.
Buie's situation thus bears little resemblance to the situation that confronted Leary. The vice of the statute in that case - as in Marchetti v. United States, 390 U.S. 39 , Grosso v. United States, 390 U.S. 62 , and Haynes v. United States, 390 U.S. 85 (1968) - stemmed from the dilemma that confronted the buyer. The statute purported to make all purchases of marihuana legal from the buyer's viewpoint at his option; all he had to do to avoid the federal penalty was to secure the form and pay the tax. But to exercise that option and avoid the federal penalty, he was forced to incriminate himself under other laws. In the present case, the first horn of this dilemma does not confront the seller. In the [396 U.S. 87, 93] face of a buyer's refusal to secure the order form, the option of making a legal sale under federal law is foreclosed by the buyer's decision, and "full and literal compliance" with the law by the seller means simply that he cannot sell at all. 4 There is no real and substantial possibility that the 4742 (a) order form requirement will in any way incriminate sellers for the simple reason that sellers will seldom, if ever, be confronted with an unregistered purchaser who is willing and able to secure the order form.
This conclusion is not affected by the fact that there is a tiny number of registered marihuana dealers - some 83 in the entire country according to government figures for 1967. 5 In order to register, dealers must show that they are in compliance with local laws 6 and, when [396 U.S. 87, 94] registered, can get order forms by paying a transfer tax of only $1 per ounce. A registered dealer is thus not subject to the deterrent pressures operating on the unregistered dealer. But the possibility that a registered dealer would present an order form to an unregistered seller like Buie is itself a hypothesis more imaginary than real; any buyer who can purchase marihuana from a legitimate source is hardly likely to find it to his advantage to secure the drug instead on the illegal market. In any event, it is quite clear in this case that Buie's customer was not a registered dealer. Nor is there anything to suggest that he would have been willing or able to get an order form had he been asked.
No. 189. The same result must follow in Minor's case and for similar reasons. The Harrison Narcotics Act, 26 U.S.C. 4701 et seq., applies to various drugs, including heroin. Dealers must register and pay an occupational tax, 26 U.S.C. 4721-4722; producers or importers who sell must purchase stamps and affix them to the package, 26 U.S.C. 4701, 4703, 4771 (a) (1); and it is illegal to purchase or sell except from the original stamped package, 26 U.S.C. 4704 (a). As in the case of the Marihuana Tax Act, all transfers, with exceptions not relevant here, must be made pursuant to a written order form issued by the Government. 26 U.S.C. 4705 (a). Only dealers who are in compliance with state law may register, and only registered dealers may secure order forms. 26 U.S.C. 4705 (f), (g); see 26 U.S.C. 4721; 26 CFR 151.24. Order forms are issued in triplicate to proper applicants and are stamped only with the name of the prospective purchaser. 26 U.S.C. 4705 (f); 26 CFR 151.161. [396 U.S. 87, 95] When a purchaser decides to execute a form, he fills in the exact date of the order and the number and type of drugs requested and signs his name to the form. 26 CFR 151.163-151.165, 151.167. The purchaser retains the duplicate and delivers the original and the triplicate thus executed to the seller, who enters the number and size of the stamped packages furnished and the date when each item is filled. 26 CFR 151.161 (a), 151.185. A regulation, 26 CFR 151.201, requires the seller to forward the triplicate to the Internal Revenue Service at the end of the month. Section 4705 (d) of the Act requires both seller and buyer to keep their respective copies for a period of two years and to make them accessible to inspection by law enforcement officers.
The order form provisions for narcotic drugs thus differ from the marihuana provisions in three principal respects. First, the prospective seller's name does not have to be given to the Government when the order form is secured, but is filled in only when the form is subsequently executed. 7 Second, although the marihuana seller apparently does not have to add anything to the order form in making the sale, the seller of narcotics must enter the amounts sold and the dates. Finally, unlike the Marihuana Tax Act, which at least in theory permits any person to buy as long as the transfer tax is paid, the Harrison Narcotics Act explicitly forbids the sale of order forms to any but registered dealers and permits registration [396 U.S. 87, 96] only by those "lawfully entitled" under the laws of their State to deal in the drug. 8
Like Buie, Minor argues that compliance with the order form provision would compel him to give incriminating information to be preserved in his and the buyer's files and to be made readily accessible to law enforcement agents. Like Buie's argument, Minor's argument assumes that an order form would otherwise be forth-coming if he refused to sell without it 9 and founders if in reality there is no substantial possibility that the buyer would or could have secured an order form. As in Buie's case, we are convinced that this possibility is an unreal one. Prospective buyers who have either failed to register or cannot register because their dealings in the drug are illicit - and petitioner himself strenuously argues that virtually all dealings in heroin are illicit 10 - simply [396 U.S. 87, 97] are not among the class of persons to whom sellers are permitted to sell under any condition. When dealing with buyers in this class, the seller faces no risk of incrimination by reason of 4705 (a) since there will be and can be no order form involved. Confronted with would-be buyers in this class, "full and literal compliance" with 4705 (a) leaves the seller only one alternative: not to sell. Since from this record it is clear that Minor's customer was not a registered buyer, the alleged possibility of incrimination is purely hypothetical.
We doubt that our conclusion would be different even if Minor's customer were registered. It is true that there were some 400,000 registered dealers under the Harrison Narcotics Act in 1967 11 and that registered dealers can readily get order forms issued in blank. It is conceivable, of course, that a registered dealer would seek to buy heroin on the illegal market, but it is difficult to imagine that he would enter the name of an unregistered seller on the order form and make a record of what would surely be an illegal sale. 12 Such unlikely possibilities [396 U.S. 87, 98] present only "imaginary and insubstantial" hazards of incrimination, rather than the "real and appreciable" risks needed to support a Fifth Amendment claim. 13
The judgments in both cases are affirmed.
MR. JUSTICE BLACK and MR. JUSTICE DOUGLAS dissent in No. 271.
[ Footnote 1 ] Section 4705 (a) provides: "It shall be unlawful for any person to sell, barter, exchange, or give away narcotic drugs except in pursuance of a written order of the person to whom such article is sold, bartered, exchanged, or given, on a form to be issued in blank for that purpose by the Secretary or his delegate."
[ Footnote 2 ] Section 4742 (a) provides: "It shall be unlawful for any person . . . to transfer marihuana, except in pursuance of a written order of the person to whom such marihuana is transferred, on a form to be issued in blank for that purpose by the Secretary or his delegate." Under 26 U.S.C. 7237 (b), any person who violates the provisions of 4705 (a) or 4742 (a) "shall be imprisoned not less than 5 or more than 20 years and, in addition, may be fined not more than $20,000."
[ Footnote 3 ] The obligation to furnish the necessary information is in terms placed on the buyer; while his compliance with that obligation may "inform" on the seller, it would not ordinarily be thought to result in the latter's "self-incrimination." Nor is there anything in the record to suggest that buyers cannot get a seller's name except through the seller himself, or that the simple act of selling pursuant to an order form - even assuming the act is "testimonial" for purposes of the Fifth Amendment - adds significantly to the information that the Government has already obtained from the buyer. Finally, whatever the merits of a seller's attempt to assert the privilege in a prosecution for failure to keep and exhibit the order forms, it need not follow that he can similarly dispense with the requirement that he sell only to buyers who first identify themselves, via the order form, as lawful purchasers. Cf. Nigro v. United States, 276 U.S. 332, 351 (1928); United States v. Doremus, 249 U.S. 86, 94 (1919).
[ Footnote 4 ] It would have been no answer in Leary to suggest that the buyer avoid his dilemma by not buying. See Marchetti v. United States, 390 U.S. 39, 51 -52. But the buyer in Leary, unlike the seller here, was presented with the possibility of both purchasing and complying with the federal law, if he would only incriminate himself. In the present case, compliance by selling is foreclosed as a viable option, not because the seller might incriminate himself, but because the buyer refuses to meet a specified condition. Nothing in the Fifth Amendment prevents Congress from restricting a seller's market to specified classes of duly licensed buyers. And although the buyer's refusal to comply with the Act's requirements may stem from his fear of incrimination, the buyer's personal privilege cannot be raised by the seller as an excuse for evading the clear statutory requirement. See George Campbell Painting Corp. v. Reid, 392 U.S. 286 (1968); Rogers v. United States, 340 U.S. 367 (1951).
[ Footnote 5 ] U.S. Treasury Department, Bureau of Narcotics, Traffic in Opium and Other Dangerous Drugs 42 (1968).
[ Footnote 6 ] The regulations, 26 CFR 152.22, 152.23, which limit registration to persons whose dealings are legal under relevant state and local laws, are supported by the legislative history and represent what is by now long-established administrative practice. See Leary v. United States, 395 U.S. 6, 24 n. 38 (1969); H. R. Rep. No. 792, 75th Cong., 1st Sess., 2 (1937); S. Rep. No. 900, 75th Cong., 1st Sess., 3 (1937): Hearings on H. R. 6906 before a subcommittee of [396 U.S. 87, 94] the Senate Committee on Finance, 75th Cong., 1st Sess., 6 (1937); Hearings on H. R. 6385 before the House Committee on Ways and Means, 75th Cong., 1st Sess., 8 (1937).
[ Footnote 7 ] It is not specified in either the statute or the regulations when the blank for the seller's name is filled in or by whom. But the form itself is addressed "to" the seller, and the form and the regulations contain provisions that enable a form "made out to" one seller, to be endorsed by him to another if the first seller cannot fill the order. See 26 CFR 151.189. This suggests that it is the buyer who fills in the seller's name when he sends in the order. Whether or not that is the case in fact is irrelevant under the analysis in the text.
[ Footnote 8 ] The difference between the availability of order forms under the Harrison Narcotics Act and the Marihuana Tax Act was explicitly recognized by Congress when it passed the latter Act. See Leary v. United States, 395 U.S. 6, 21 -22 (1969). The regulation restricting registration to those "lawfully entitled" to deal in narcotic drugs, 26 CFR 151.24, finds specific support in the language of the Act. See 26 U.S.C. 4705 (g), 4721.
[ Footnote 9 ] Even if order forms could realistically be secured, Minor's Fifth Amendment arguments are no more persuasive than Buie's. See n. 3, supra.
[ Footnote 10 ] See Brief for Petitioner 22-23. Convinced that "[h]eroin has no medical value that is not better served by legitimate drugs," S. Rep. No. 1997, 84th Cong., 2d Sess., 7 (1956), Congress in 1956 required the surrender of all theretofore lawfully possessed heroin, to be distributed only as approved by the Secretary for purposes of scientific research. 18 U.S.C. 1402. The Narcotic Drugs Import and Export Act, 35 Stat. 614, as amended, 21 U.S.C. 173, 174, effectively prohibits the importation of heroin or of opium for the purpose of manufacturing heroin, and makes it a felony to traffic in drugs knowing them to have been unlawfully imported. The Narcotics Manufacturing Act of 1960, 74 Stat. 55, 21 U.S.C. 501 et seq., prohibits the manufacturing of heroin except as authorized for limited scientific purposes. Given the resulting absence of original [396 U.S. 87, 97] stamped packages of heroin, 26 U.S.C. 4704 (a) effectively forbids buying, selling, dispensing, or distributing the drug. Since for all practical purposes there is thus no legitimate dealing in heroin, any attempt to use an order form to purchase the drug would almost certainly subject the buyer to prosecution under 26 U.S.C. 4705 (g): "It shall be unlawful for any person to obtain by means of said order forms narcotic drugs for any purpose other than the use, sale, or distribution thereof by him in the conduct of a lawful business in said drugs or in the legitimate practice of his profession."
[ Footnote 11 ] See U.S. Treasury Department, Bureau of Narcotics, Traffic in Opium and Other Dangerous Drugs 22, 42 (1968).
[ Footnote 12 ] Even if the hypothetical became a reality, it is doubtful that the incriminating information would get back to the Government via the buyer, who would himself be guilty of a violation of the narcotics laws. See n. 10, supra. See also 26 CFR 151.181, which provides that order forms may be filled only by registered sellers - a class to which Minor does not belong. It is significant that of the [396 U.S. 87, 98] nearly 400,000 registered dealers in 1967, only four were reported during that year for a violation of the narcotics laws. See U.S. Treasury Department, Bureau of Narcotics, Traffic in Opium and Other Dangerous Drugs 22 (1968).
[ Footnote 13 ] The dissent suggests that the courts should refuse to enforce 4705 (a) as part of a revenue measure. But these very order form provisions were upheld long ago as valid revenue laws even though they operated to prevent large classes of people from obtaining order forms - and hence from acquiring drugs - at all. United States v. Doremus, 249 U.S. 86 (1919); Webb v. United States, 249 U.S. 96 (1919); see Nigro v. United States, 276 U.S. 332 (1928). A statute does not cease to be a valid tax measure because it deters the activity taxed, because the revenue obtained is negligible, or because the activity is otherwise illegal. See, e. g., Marchetti v. United States, 390 U.S. 39, 44 (1968); United States v. Kahriger, 345 U.S. 22, 28 (1953); License Tax Cases, 5 Wall. 462 (1867). Even viewing 4705 (a) as little more than a flat ban on certain sales, it is sustainable under the powers granted Congress in Art. I, 8. See Yee Hem v. United States, 268 U.S. 178, 183 (1925). Brolan v. United States, 236 U.S. 216, 222 (1915); cf. United States v. Sullivan, 332 U.S. 689 (1948); United States v. Darby, 312 U.S. 100 (1941).
MR. JUSTICE DOUGLAS, with whom MR. JUSTICE BLACK concurs, dissenting in No. 189.
The guilt of petitioner on this record seems plain. Two counts charge sales of heroin on two different dates in 1967 "not in pursuance of a written order . . . form." He was found guilty on each count by the District Court, a trial by jury having been waived. The basis of his [396 U.S. 87, 99] attack upon his conviction in this Court is that the requirement of an order form violates his privilege against self-incrimination. But that is not the end of the matter for me. Mr. Justice Holmes used to say that one dealing with the Government should turn square corners. See Rock Island, A. & L. R. Co. v. United States, 254 U.S. 141, 143 . When the present all-powerful, all-pervasive Government moves to curtail the liberty of the person, it too should turn square corners.
The statute involved in this case, 26 U.S.C. 4705 (a), was derived from the Anti-Narcotic Act of December 17, 1914, 38 Stat. 785, commonly called the Harrison Narcotics Act. This Act, as amended, imposes an occupational tax on registered dealers in narcotics, 26 U.S.C. 4721-4722, and also imposes a commodity excise tax on narcotics sold or removed for consumption or sale, 26 U.S.C. 4701. Under 4705 (a), with certain exceptions not relevant here, all transfers of narcotics must be made pursuant to an official order form given to the transferor by the transferee. The order form can be obtained only by persons properly registered to deal in narcotics. It was conceded by the Government on oral argument, however, that "it is impossible to secure an order form for the purchase of heroin. . . . The order forms may only be used to purchase a lawful drug for a lawful purpose. Heroin is an unlawful drug for which there is no lawful purpose."
The Federal Government does not have plenary power to define and punish criminal acts. Its power in this regard derives from other powers specifically delegated to it by the Constitution, as the Tenth Amendment provides:
"The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people." [396 U.S. 87, 100]
Section 4705 (a) derives from the power to "lay and collect Taxes." Art. I, 8. Its constitutionality on this basis was sustained in United States v. Doremus, 249 U.S. 86 - a five-to-four decision. It was there said that the "order form" requirement tended "to keep the traffic aboveboard and subject to inspection by those authorized to collect the revenue," and also tended "to diminish the opportunity of unauthorized persons to obtain the drugs and sell them clandestinely without paying the tax imposed by the federal law." Id., at 94.
As I view this case, the Government is punishing an individual for failing to do something that the Government has made it impossible for him to do - that is, obtain an order form from the prospective purchaser prior to making a sale of heroin. Petitioner did, of course, have the option not to sell the heroin, and in that sense his compliance with the statute was indeed quite possible. This argument, however, overlooks the fact that the statute does not simply outlaw all sales of heroin. The critical interest of the Government is necessarily in the collecting of the tax imposed by the Act, and it is the order form which provides the crucial link to this proper constitutional purpose. In Nigro v. United States, 276 U.S. 332, 341 , Chief Justice Taft, speaking for the Court, said:
"In interpreting the Act, we must assume that it is a taxing measure, for otherwise it would be no law at all. If it is a mere act for the purpose of regulating and restraining the purchase of the opiate and other drugs, it is beyond the power of Congress and must be regarded as invalid . . . ."
Thus it is the order form - not the mere sale - that constitutes the heart of the offense for which this petitioner was convicted. I do not see how the Government can make a crime out of not receiving an order form [396 U.S. 87, 101] and at the same time allow no order forms for this category of sales.
Nor is it relevant to suggest, as does the majority opinion, ante, at 98 n. 13, that a statute imposing a flat ban on sales of heroin might be sustainable under the Commerce Clause. We are concerned in this case with what the Congress did, not with what it might have done or might yet do in the future. It is clear that what Congress did in 4705 (a) was to enact a taxing measure. And the crime charged was not selling heroin, but selling it "not in pursuance of a written order . . . form," as prescribed in 4705 (a).
I would reverse this judgment of conviction. [396 U.S. 87, 102]


text:
Q: Where do I start with a chess game made in python(with a GUI) I'm not asking for specific code, but the general structure and how to link the python-chess library with the pygame library with the code that allows the player and AI to move.
Any tips on where to start?

A: You can have a look at this tutorial. The explanation is quite thorough and I believe that it will give you enough hints on how to start. Happy coding :)
Here is the link How to make chess game with python

A: I'm interested in python chess engines. I'm programming my own in this moment, using the python-chess library.
For the moment, its level is very bad, but I hope I'll make a better AI. I'm changing the evaluation function.
I created an GUI using pygame and Wikipedia images ([enter link description here][1].
The bard can be found easily on Wikipedia.

I've made 3 differents codes : one for the engine, one for play with the computer, and one to watch two computers. I'll just show you my engine (in construction), and you should imagine how to use it.
engine.py :
import pygame
import chess
import random

screen = pygame.display.set_mode((480, 480))
pygame.display.set_caption("Chess Engine")
screen.fill("WHITE")

WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
RED = (255, 0, 0)

chessboard = pygame.image.load('graph/chessboard.png').convert_ alpha()
King = pygame.image.load('graph/WKing.png').convert_alpha()
king = pygame.image.load('graph/BKing.png').convert_alpha()
Knight = pygame.image.load('graph/WKnight.png').convert_alpha()
knight = pygame.image.load('graph/BKnight.png').convert_alpha()
Rook = pygame.image.load('graph/WRook.png').convert_alpha()
rook = pygame.image.load('graph/BRook.png').convert_alpha()
Queen = pygame.image.load('graph/WQueen.png').convert_alpha()
queen = pygame.image.load('graph/BQueen.png').convert_alpha()
Bishop = pygame.image.load('graph/WBishop.png').convert_alpha()
bishop = pygame.image.load('graph/BBishop.png').convert_alpha()
Pawn = pygame.image.load('graph/WPawn.png').convert_alpha()
pawn = pygame.image.load('graph/BPawn.png').convert_alpha()

def draw(fen, col, rank, board) :
    if fen == 'K' :
        if board.turn == chess.WHITE :
            if board.is_check() :
                pygame.draw.circle(screen, RED, (rank + 30, col + 30), 30)
        screen.blit(King, (rank, col))
    elif fen == 'k' :
        if board.turn == chess.BLACK :
            if board.is_check() :
                pygame.draw.circle(screen, RED, (rank + 30, col + 30), 30)
        screen.blit(king, (rank, col))
    elif fen == 'Q' :
        screen.blit(Queen, (rank, col))
    elif fen == 'q' :
        screen.blit(queen, (rank, col))
    elif fen == 'R' :
        screen.blit(Rook, (rank, col))
    elif fen == 'r' :
        screen.blit(rook, (rank, col))
    elif fen == 'N' :
        screen.blit(Knight, (rank, col))
    elif fen == 'n' :
        screen.blit(knight, (rank, col))
    elif fen == 'B' :
        screen.blit(Bishop, (rank, col))
    elif fen == 'b' :
        screen.blit(bishop, (rank, col))
    elif fen == 'P' :
        screen.blit(Pawn, (rank, col))
    elif fen == 'p' :
        screen.blit(pawn, (rank, col))

def show(FEN, board) :
        screen.blit(chessboard, (0, 0))
        col = 0
        rank = 0
        for fen in FEN :
            if fen == '/' :
                col = col + 1
                rank = 0
            elif fen in ('1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8') :
                rank = rank + int(fen)
            elif fen in ('K', 'k', 'Q', 'q', 'R', 'r', 'N', 'n', 'B', 'b', 'P', 'p') :
                draw(fen, col*60, rank*60, board)
                rank = rank + 1
        pygame.display.update()

infinity = 1000000000

def piece_list(pos) :
    '''Renvoie la liste des pièces présentes sur l'échiquier.'''
    piece_liste = []
    for place in chess.SQUARES :
        if pos.piece_at(place) != None :
            piece_liste.append(pos.piece_at(place).symbol())
    return piece_liste

def game_is_finished(pos) :
    '''Détermine si la partie est finie.'''
    if pos.is_checkmate() or pos.is_stalemate() or pos.is_insufficient_material() or pos.can_claim_threefold_repetition():
        return True
    else :
        return False

def evaluate(pos) :
    '''Évaluation d'une position en fonction d'une position et de la mobillité des pièces.'''
     if pos.is_checkmate() :
        return -infinity
    elif game_is_finished(pos) :
        return 0
    piece_liste = piece_list(pos)
    evaluation = 0
    opponent_legal_moves = []
    current_player_legal_moves = [move for move in pos.legal_moves]
    for i in piece_liste :
        if i == 'Q' :
            evaluation = evaluation + 9
        elif i == 'q' :
            evaluation = evaluation - 9
        elif i == 'R' :
            evaluation = evaluation + 5
        elif i == 'r' :
            evaluation = evaluation - 5
        elif i == 'N' :
            evaluation = evaluation + 3
        elif i == 'n' :
            evaluation = evaluation - 3
        elif i == 'B' :
            evaluation = evaluation + 3
        elif i == 'b' :
            evaluation = evaluation - 3
        elif i == 'P' :
            evaluation = evaluation + 1
        elif i == 'p' :
            evaluation = evaluation - 1

    for i in range(len(current_player_legal_moves)-1) :
        pos.push_san(str(current_player_legal_moves[i]))
        opponent_legal_moves.append(pos.legal_moves.count())
        if pos.is_checkmate() :
            pos.pop()
            return infinity
        elif game_is_finished(pos) :
            pos.pop()
            return 0
        pos.pop()
    moyenne = 0
    for i in opponent_legal_moves :
        moyenne = moyenne + i
    if len(opponent_legal_moves) != 0 :
        moyenne = moyenne / len(opponent_legal_moves)
    #else :   a servi pour le déboggage
        #print(moyenne)
    if pos.turn == chess.WHITE :
        evaluation = evaluation + 0.1*(pos.legal_moves.count() - moyenne)
    else :
        evaluation = evaluation - 0.1*(pos.legal_moves.count() - moyenne)

    return evaluation

def evaluation_turn(pos) :
    '''Évaluation d'une position selon le côté qui doit jouer.'''
    if pos.turn == chess.WHITE :
        return evaluate(pos)
    else :
        return - evaluate(pos)

def one_legal(pos) :
    current_player_legal_moves = [str(move) for move in pos.legal_moves]
    #print(current_player_legal_moves)
    return random.choice(current_player_legal_moves)

def can_t_move(pos) :
    if pos.legal_moves.count() == 0 :
        return True
    else :
        return False

def child_of_position(pos) :
    '''Détermine toutes les possitions filles d'une position (avec leur coup associé pour aller plus vite).'''
    current_player_legal_moves = [move for move in pos.legal_moves]
    result = []
    for i in range(len(current_player_legal_moves)-1) :
        new_pos = chess.Board(pos.fen())
        new_pos.push_san(str(current_player_legal_moves[i]))
        result.append((new_pos, str(current_player_legal_moves[i])))
    return result  # (board, move)

def minimax(pos, depth, alpha, beta, maximizingPlayer) :
    '''Algorithme MiniMax avec Alpha-Bêta.'''
    # maximizingPlayer = Trus si White2Play et False si Black2Play

    if depth == 0 or game_is_finished(pos[0]) or can_t_move(pos[0]) :
        return (evaluate(pos[0]), None)

    one_legal_move = one_legal(pos[0])
    if maximizingPlayer :
        maxEval = (-infinity, one_legal_move) # None = move
        for child in child_of_position(pos[0]) :
            evalu = minimax(child, depth - 1, alpha, beta, False)
            maxEval = (max(maxEval[0], evalu[0]), maxEval[1])
            if max(maxEval[0], evalu[0]) == evalu[0] :
                maxEval = (max(maxEval[0], evalu[0]), child[1])
            alpha = max(alpha, evalu[0])
            if beta <= alpha :
                break
        return maxEval

    else :
        maxEval = (infinity, one_legal_move)
        for child in child_of_position(pos[0]) :
            evalu = minimax(child, depth - 1, alpha, beta, True)
            maxEval = (min(maxEval[0], evalu[0]), maxEval[1])
            if max(maxEval[0], evalu[0]) == evalu[0] :
                maxEval = (min(maxEval[0], evalu[0]), child[1])
            alpha = min(alpha, evalu[0])
            if beta <= alpha :
                break
        return maxEval

Sorry for my bad English, I'm French. I hope my answer can helps you.
[1]: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:PNG_chess_pieces/Standard_transparent

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
2021 1 oz Fiji Silver Shrek Christmas Coin (BU)
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Obverse comes with the image of the Fijian coat of arms.
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As the franchise continued with future films in 2004, 2007, and 2010, more characters were added to the franchise and other characters, like Donkey, were expanded upon with greater roles than the original films. In this silver coin design, you will find three of the main characters from the franchise coming together to celebrate Christmas.
Obverse visuals on the 2021 Fiji Silver Shrek Christmas Coins include the Fijian coat of arms. The seal includes a quartered shield at the center with sugarcane stalks, a coconut palm, a dove with an olive branch, and a cluster of bananas in the individual quadrants. The shield is quartered by the Cross of St. George and comes with a lion at the top that is clutching a cocoa pod in its paws. The shield is supported by Fijian figures with a Polynesian outrigger canoe above the shield.
Reverse elements in the 2021 1 oz Silver Shrek Christmas Coin design include three major characters from the franchise. Shrek is the base of the character tower, with Donkey standing on his head and outstretched hand. On Donkeys nose, Puss in Boots reaches out to put a star atop the Christmas tree. There are several presents scattered around the base of the tree.
These 2021 1 oz Fiji Silver Shrek Christmas Coins are available to you for purchase in Brilliant Uncirculated condition. The coins ship individually in plastic flips or by multiples of 25 coins in acrylic tubes. You can also purchase 500 of these coins in a box, with the coins packaged in 20 tubes of 25 coins each.
JM Bullion customer service is available to you at 800-276-6508. We are also available online using our live chat and email address features.
Inner Pack	 25
Outer Pack	 500
Condition	 Brilliant Uncirculated
Face Value	 $0.50 FIJI
Issuing Country	 FIJI
Series	 Shrek
Mintage	 10,000
Capsule Size	 40 mm
Packaging Type	 Plastic Capsule
Metal Weight	 1 Troy Ounce


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