Scores 16 Highway MPG and 11 City MPG! This Chevrolet Express Passenger delivers a Gas/Ethanol V8 6.0L/ engine powering this Automatic transmission. TRANSMISSION, 6-SPEED AUTOMATIC, HEAVY-DUTY, ELECTRONICALLY CONTROLLED with overdrive and tow/haul mode and internal transmission oil cooler Includes external engine oil cooler. (STD), SUMMIT WHITE, STEERING WHEEL, LEATHER-WRAPPED, INCLUDES (W1Y) MOUNTED AUDIO CONTROLS.* This Chevrolet Express Passenger Features the Following Options *STEERING WHEEL CONTROLS mounted audio controls, SEATS, FRONT BUCKET WITH VINYL TRIM and head restraints, includes inboard armrests (STD), SEATING, 15-PASSENGER, (2-3-3-3-4 SEATING CONFIGURATION) 4-passenger seat is a 50/50 split, 2-piece configuration, REMOTE KEYLESS ENTRY with 2 transmitters and remote panic button, REAR VISION CAMERA, REAR AXLE, 3.42 RATIO, PAINT, SOLID (STD), MIRRORS, OUTSIDE HEATED POWER-ADJUSTABLE, BLACK, MANUAL-FOLDING, MIRROR, INSIDE REARVIEW, WITH REAR VISION CAMERA DISPLAY, MEDIUM PEWTER, CUSTOM VINYL.* Visit Us Today *A short visit to Nimnicht Chevrolet located at 1550 Cassat Ave, Jacksonville, FL 32210 can get you a reliable Express Passenger today!
Scores 36 Highway MPG and 27 City MPG! This Chevrolet Malibu delivers a Turbocharged Gas I4 1.5L/91 engine powering this Automatic transmission. WIRELESS CHARGING FOR DEVICES, WHEELS, 18 (45.7 CM) ALUMINUM, UNIVERSAL HOME REMOTE includes garage door opener, 3-channel programmable.* This Chevrolet Malibu Features the Following Options *SUN AND WHEELS PACKAGE includes (C3U) power sunroof, (UG1) Universal Home Remote, (PZX) 18 aluminum wheels and (R0X) 245/45R18 blackwall all-season tires, LEATHER PACKAGE includes (KA1) heated driver and front passenger seats, (AAQ) 6-way power front passenger seat adjuster, (AT9) front passenger power lumbar seat adjuster and (UQA) Bose premium 9-speaker system, DRIVER CONFIDENCE PACKAGE includes (UHY) low-speed forward automatic braking, (UKJ) front pedestrian braking, (TQ5) IntelliBeam, automatic high-beam headlamps, (UD5) Front and Rear Park Assist, (UKC) Side Blind Zone Alert with Lane Change Alert, (UHX) Lane Keep Assist, (UE4) Following Distance Indicator, (UEU) Forward Collision Alert and (UFG) Rear Cross-Traffic Alert, CONVENIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY PACKAGE includes (BTV) remote vehicle starter system, (DD8) inside rearview auto-dimming mirror, (KI6) 120-volt power outlet, (UDD) color Driver information Center, (IO5) Chevrolet MyLink Radio, (K4C) Wireless Charging, (USS) dual USB charging-only ports in rear of center console, (N34) leather-wrapped steering wheel and (VY7) leather-wrapped shift knob , TRANSMISSION, 6-SPEED AUTOMATIC (STD), TIRES, 245/45R18 ALL-SEASON, BLACKWALL, SUNROOF, POWER, TILT-SLIDING with additional skylight fixed glass aft of the sliding glass and sunshade; includes (UG1) Universal Home Remote, STEERING WHEEL, LEATHER-WRAPPED 3-SPOKE, SIDE BLIND ZONE ALERT WITH LANE CHANGE ALERT, SHIFT KNOB, LEATHER-WRAPPED.* Visit Us Today *A short visit to Nimnicht Chevrolet located at 1550 Cassat Ave, Jacksonville, FL 32210 can get you a trustworthy Malibu today!
Scores 32 Highway MPG and 22 City MPG! This Chevrolet Malibu delivers a Turbocharged Gas I4 2.0L/122 engine powering this Automatic transmission. WHEELS, 19 (48.3 CM) ALUMINUM, UNIVERSAL HOME REMOTE includes garage door opener, 3-channel programmable, TRANSMISSION, 9-SPEED AUTOMATIC (STD).* This Chevrolet Malibu Features the Following Options *SUNROOF, POWER, TILT-SLIDING with additional skylight fixed glass aft of the sliding glass and sunshade; includes (UG1) Universal Home Remote (Included and only available with (PDL) Premier Sun and Wheel Package.), PREMIER SUN AND WHEEL PACKAGE includes (C3U) power sunroof, (UG1) Universal Home Remote, (BB4) premium front and rear floor mats, (RT9) 19 aluminum wheels and (RMI) 245/40R19 all-season blackwall tires, DRIVER CONFIDENCE PACKAGE II includes (KSG) adaptive cruise control, (UGN) front automatic braking, (UFQ) Automatic Parking Assist and (J71) electronic parking brake, DRIVER CONFIDENCE PACKAGE includes (UHY) low-speed forward automatic braking, (UKJ) front pedestrian braking, (TQ5) IntelliBeam, automatic high-beam headlamps, (UD5) Front and Rear Park Assist, (UKC) Side Blind Zone Alert with Lane Change Alert, (UHX) Lane Keep Assist, (UE4) Following Distance Indicator, (UEU) Forward Collision Alert and (UFG) Rear Cross-Traffic Alert , TIRES, 245/40R19 ALL-SEASON, BLACKWALL, SIDE BLIND ZONE ALERT WITH LANE CHANGE ALERT, SEATS, FRONT BUCKET (STD), SANDY RIDGE METALLIC, REAR CROSS-TRAFFIC ALERT, PREMIER PREFERRED EQUIPMENT GROUP includes Standard Equipment.* Visit Us Today *A short visit to Nimnicht Chevrolet located at 1550 Cassat Ave, Jacksonville, FL 32210 can get you a trustworthy Malibu today!
This Chevrolet 4500HD LCF Diesel delivers a Turbocharged Diesel I4 5.2L/317 engine powering this Automatic transmission. VERY DARK PEWTER, CLOTH SEAT TRIM, TRANSMISSION, 6-SPEED AUTOMATIC AISIN A465 TRANSMISSION with fifth and sixth gear overdrive with lock up in 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th, PTO capability automatic torque converter lockup in stationary PTO mode. (STD), SEAT, FRONT HIGH BACK BUCKET DRIVER AND PASSENGER tricot cloth covered reclining highback driver seat with single two occupant fold down passenger seat (STD).*This Chevrolet 4500HD LCF Diesel Comes Equipped with These Options *REAR AXLE, 4.56 RATIO, PREFERRED EQUIPMENT GROUP includes Standard Equipment, PIO, REMOTE KEYLESS ENTRY, PIO, REAR DOME AND BODY LAMP SWITCH, PIO, MIRROR, OUTSIDE LEFT HAND AND RIGHT HAND HEATED DUAL REMOTE 15 HEADS, PIO, BACK UP ALARM, PIO, AUDIO SYSTEM, AM/FM STEREO WITH CD PLAYER, AUXILIARY JACK, USB PORT AND BLUETOOTH, PIO POWER TAKE OFF, ENGINE CONTROL PROVISIONS, ENGINE, DIESEL 5.2L 4 CYLINDER 215 hp [160.3 kW] @2500 rpm, 452 lb-ft of torque [612.8 Nm] @ 1850-2750 rpm (Governed). 16 valve, four cycle, chain-driven dual overhead camshaft valve train, a cast iron cylinder block, and a cast aluminum cylinder head. Turbocharged, inter-cooled, water cooled EGR, direct injection, electronically controlled common rail fuel system and engine cruise control. Oil level check switch and light. Engine warning system with audible warning for low oil pressure, high coolant temperature, and a protection system that will reduce fueling if excessive coolant temperature is detected (STD), ARC WHITE.* Visit Us Today *Treat yourself- stop by Nimnicht Chevrolet located at 1550 Cassat Ave, Jacksonville, FL 32210 to make this car yours today!
Boasts 23 Highway MPG and 16 City MPG! This Chevrolet Silverado 1500 delivers a Gas V8 5.3L/325 engine powering this Automatic transmission. WHEELS, 18 X 8.5 (45.7 CM X 21.6 CM) BRIGHT-MACHINED ALUMINUM, TRANSMISSION, 6-SPEED AUTOMATIC, ELECTRONICALLY CONTROLLED with overdrive and tow/haul mode. Includes Cruise Grade Braking and Powertrain Grade Braking (STD), TRAILERING PACKAGE includes trailer hitch, 7-pin and 4-pin connectors Includes (G80) locking rear differential..*This Chevrolet Silverado 1500 Comes Equipped with These Options *SEATS, FRONT 40/20/40 SPLIT-BENCH, 3-PASSENGER, AVAILABLE IN CLOTH OR LEATHER includes driver and front passenger recline with outboard head restraints and center fold-down armrest with storage. Also includes manually adjustable driver lumbar, lockable storage compartment in seat cushion, and storage pockets. (STD) Includes (AG1) driver 10-way power seat-adjuster with (PCM) LT Convenience Package, (PDA) Texas Edition or (PDU) All Star Edition., ALL STAR EDITION for Crew Cab and Double Cab, includes (AG1) driver 10-way power seat adjuster with (AZ3) bench seat only, (CJ2) dual-zone climate control, (BTV) Remote Vehicle Starter system, (C49) rear-window defogger and (KI4) 110-volt power outlet (Includes (Z82) Trailering Package, (G80) locking differential and (T3U) LED front fog lamps. (N37) manual tilt and telescopic steering column included with (L83) 5.3L EcoTec3 V8 engine. , TIRE, SPARE P265/70R17 ALL-SEASON, BLACKWALL, THEFT-DETERRENT SYSTEM, UNAUTHORIZED ENTRY, STEERING COLUMN, MANUAL TILT AND TELESCOPING, SEAT ADJUSTER, DRIVER 10-WAY POWER, REMOTE VEHICLE STARTER SYSTEM Includes (UTJ) Theft-deterrent system.), REAR AXLE, 3.42 RATIO, POWER OUTLET, 110-VOLT AC, PAINT, SOLID.* Stop By Today *For a must-own Chevrolet Silverado 1500 come see us at Nimnicht Chevrolet, 1550 Cassat Ave, Jacksonville, FL 32210. Just minutes away!
This Chevrolet Express Commercial Cutaway delivers a Gas V8 6.0L/364 engine powering this Automatic transmission. WINDOWS, POWER, WHEELS, 4 -16 X 6.5 (40.6 CM X 16.5 CM), 8-LUG PAINTED STEEL, HEAVY-DUTY (STD), WHEEL CONFIGURATION, REAR, SINGLE (STD).*This Chevrolet Express Commercial Cutaway Comes Equipped with These Options *POWER CONVENIENCE PACKAGE includes (A31) power windows and (AU3) power door locks, DRIVER CONVENIENCE PACKAGE includes Tilt-Wheel and (K34) cruise control , TRANSMISSION, 6-SPEED AUTOMATIC, HEAVY-DUTY electronically controlled with overdrive and tow/haul mode. Includes Cruise Grade Braking, Powertrain Grade Braking, and Tap-Up/Tap-Down Driver Shift Control, TIRES, REAR LT245/75R16E ALL-SEASON, BLACKWALL (STD), TIRES, FRONT LT245/75R16E ALL-SEASON, BLACKWALL (STD), SUMMIT WHITE, SEATING ARRANGEMENT, DRIVER AND FRONT PASSENGER HIGH-BACK BUCKET includes head restraints and vinyl or cloth trim (STD), REAR VISION CAMERA camera and cable shipped loose, REAR AXLE, 3.42 RATIO, PAINT, SOLID.* Visit Us Today *Live a little- stop by Nimnicht Chevrolet located at 1550 Cassat Ave, Jacksonville, FL 32210 to make this car yours today!
This Chevrolet Express Commercial Cutaway boasts a Gas V8 6.0L/364 engine powering this Automatic transmission. WHEELS, 4 -16 X 6.5 (40.6 CM X 16.5 CM), 8-LUG PAINTED STEEL, HEAVY-DUTY (STD), WHEEL CONFIGURATION, REAR, SINGLE (STD), TRANSMISSION, 6-SPEED AUTOMATIC, HEAVY-DUTY electronically controlled with overdrive and tow/haul mode. Includes Cruise Grade Braking, Powertrain Grade Braking, and Tap-Up/Tap-Down Driver Shift Control.* This Chevrolet Express Commercial Cutaway Features the Following Options *DRIVER CONVENIENCE PACKAGE includes Tilt-Wheel and (K34) cruise control , TIRES, REAR LT245/75R16E ALL-SEASON, BLACKWALL (STD), TIRES, FRONT LT245/75R16E ALL-SEASON, BLACKWALL (STD), SUMMIT WHITE, SEATS, FRONT BUCKET WITH CUSTOM CLOTH TRIM, HEAD RESTRAINTS AND INBOARD ARMRESTS Includes only driver high-back bucket seat with Custom Cloth trim when ordered with (ZX1) driver-only high-back bucket seating arrangement. Includes (BA3) engine cover console with swing-out bin.), SEATING ARRANGEMENT, DRIVER AND FRONT PASSENGER HIGH-BACK BUCKET includes head restraints and vinyl or cloth trim (STD), REAR VISION CAMERA camera and cable shipped loose, REAR AXLE, 3.42 RATIO, PAINT, SOLID, ONSTAR GUIDANCE PLAN Limited Trial Service, including Automatic Crash Response, Stolen Vehicle Assistance, Roadside Assistance, Turn-by-Turn Navigation, Advanced Diagnostics and more (trial excludes Hands-Free Calling minutes)..* Stop By Today *A short visit to Nimnicht Chevrolet located at 1550 Cassat Ave, Jacksonville, FL 32210 can get you a reliable Express Commercial Cutaway today!
This Chevrolet Express Commercial Cutaway delivers a Gas V8 6.0L/364 engine powering this Automatic transmission. WHEELS, 4 -16 X 6.5 (40.6 CM X 16.5 CM), 8-LUG PAINTED STEEL, HEAVY-DUTY (STD), WHEEL CONFIGURATION, REAR, SINGLE (STD), TRANSMISSION, 6-SPEED AUTOMATIC, HEAVY-DUTY electronically controlled with overdrive and tow/haul mode. Includes Cruise Grade Braking, Powertrain Grade Braking, and Tap-Up/Tap-Down Driver Shift Control.*This Chevrolet Express Commercial Cutaway Comes Equipped with These Options *DRIVER CONVENIENCE PACKAGE includes Tilt-Wheel and (K34) cruise control , TIRES, REAR LT245/75R16E ALL-SEASON, BLACKWALL (STD), TIRES, FRONT LT245/75R16E ALL-SEASON, BLACKWALL (STD), SUMMIT WHITE, SEATS, FRONT BUCKET WITH CUSTOM CLOTH TRIM, HEAD RESTRAINTS AND INBOARD ARMRESTS Includes only driver high-back bucket seat with Custom Cloth trim when ordered with (ZX1) driver-only high-back bucket seating arrangement. Includes (BA3) engine cover console with swing-out bin.), SEATING ARRANGEMENT, DRIVER AND FRONT PASSENGER HIGH-BACK BUCKET includes head restraints and vinyl or cloth trim (STD), REAR VISION CAMERA camera and cable shipped loose, REAR AXLE, 3.42 RATIO, PAINT, SOLID, ONSTAR AND CHEVROLET CONNECTED SERVICES CAPABLE;.* Visit Us Today *For a must-own Chevrolet Express Commercial Cutaway come see us at Nimnicht Chevrolet, 1550 Cassat Ave, Jacksonville, FL 32210. Just minutes away!


Bio:Barclay E. Berdan, FACHE, is chief executive officer (CEO) of Texas Health Resources, one of the largest faith-based, nonprofit health systems in the United States and the largest in North Texas in terms of patients served. The health system includes Texas Health Physicians Group and hospitals under the banners of Texas Health Presbyterian, Texas Health Arlington Memorial, Texas Health Harris Methodist and Texas Health Huguley. The health system has 25 acute-care, transitional, rehabilitation and short-stay hospitals that are owned, operated, joint-ventured or affiliated with Texas Health Resources. In 2015, Texas Health and UT Southwestern Medical Center created Southwestern Health Resources, an integrated network that blends the strengths of Texas Health and UT Southwestern to better serve North Texas residents, from preventive care to the most advanced interventions. Berdan became CEO of Texas Health Sept. 1, 2014, after serving as senior executive vice president and chief operating officer the previous two years. With 30 years of service at Texas Health, Berdan describes the system's culture as one of a family where the mission, vision, values and The THR Promise? are woven together and modeled each day in the care of patients and their families. He believes that Texas Health was built on a strong foundation of traditions — faith, quality, compassion, innovation — traditions that will sustain and guide the organization into the future. Berdan joined Texas Health in 1986 as vice president/administrator for Texas Health Southwest, overseeing the construction and opening of the hospital. He served as the chief operating officer of Texas Health Fort Worth from 1993 to 1999 and then served as its president from 1999 to 2007. He also served as executive vice president for Texas Health from 2005 to 2007, and as senior executive vice president for system alignment and performance from 2007 to 2012.


sadisticbrit has 7 positive feedback, 0 neutral feedback and 0 negative feedback, for an overall percentage of 100% positive feedback.
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Justia Patents Acoustic WaveUS Patent for MEMS microphone module and method thereof Patent (Patent # 7,808,060)
MEMS microphone module and method thereof
Nov 21, 2007 - Advanced Semiconductor Engineering, Inc.
A MEMS microphone module having an application specific IC and a microphone chip is disclosed. The application specific IC has a plurality of first vias and a plurality of first pads, and the first vias are connected to the first pads. The microphone chip has a resonant cavity, a plurality of second vias and a plurality of second pads, and the second vias are connected to the second pads. The microphone chip is disposed on a first surface of the application specific IC with an opening of the resonant cavity facing toward a first surface of the application specific IC. The second conductive vias of the microphone chip are also electrically connected to the first vias of the application specific IC. By placing the microphone chip on the first surface of the application specific IC, the present invention could reduce the package size and increase the reliability of the package.
Latest Advanced Semiconductor Engineering, Inc. Patents:
Semiconductor package device
ELECTRONIC DEVICE AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A SEMICONDUCTOR PACKAGE STRUCTURE
SEMICONDUCTOR SUBSTRATE, SEMICONDUCTOR PACKAGE, AND METHOD FOR FORMING THE SAME
INTERCONNECTION STRUCTURE AND SENSOR PACKAGE
The present invention relates to a MEMS microphone module, and more particularly, to a MEMS microphone module having a fabrication process capable of eliminating wire bonding and die bonding processes.
As fabrication for semiconductor devices and micro-electromechanical systems advances, the size and volume of microphone modules also proceeds toward a direction of miniaturization. In conventional packaging processes for a microphone module, microphone chips and signal conversion chips are placed on a substrate and bonding wires are formed to connect the microphone chip, the signal conversion chip, and the substrate. Unfortunately, the utilization of bonding wires often creates a longer path for signal transmission and reduces the transmission speed for the device, and the prolonged fabrication time for this type of modules also increases the overall fabrication cost. Typically, the cover of the microphone module is fabricated with a height higher than the bonding wires, which further increases the difficulty for achieving a miniaturized microphone module.
It is an objective of the present invention to provide a MEMS microphone module and fabricating method thereof.
A MEMS microphone module having an application specific IC and a microphone chip is disclosed. The application specific IC has a plurality of first vias and a plurality of first pads, and the first vias are connected to the first pads. The microphone chip has a resonant cavity, a plurality of second vias and a plurality of second pads, in which the second vias are connected to the second pads. The microphone chip is disposed on a first surface of the application specific IC with an opening of the resonant cavity facing toward a first surface of the application specific IC. The second conductive vias of the microphone chip are also electrically connected to the first vias of the application specific IC. By placing the microphone chip on the first surface of the application specific IC, the present invention could reduce the package size and increase the reliability of the package significantly. Moreover, by electrically connecting the application specific IC and the microphone chip through the first vias and the second vias, the present invention could omit conventional wire bonding and die bonding processes to reduce the overall operation time and increase yield.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for fabricating a MEMS microphone module is disclosed. The method includes the following steps: providing a first wafer having a plurality of application specific IC, wherein each of the application specific IC comprises a first surface, a second surface, a plurality of first pads formed on the first surface, and a plurality of first vias connecting the first pads; providing a second wafer having a plurality of microphone chips, wherein each of the microphone chips comprises an active surface, a back surface, a resonant cavity having an opening formed on the back surface of the microphone chip, a vibrating film and a plurality of second pads formed on the active surface of the microphone chip, and a plurality of second vias connected to the second pads; and performing a bonding process to bond the second wafer and the first wafer by connecting the microphone chips of the second wafer to the application specific IC of the first wafer, wherein the opening of the resonant cavity is disposed to face toward the application specific IC and the first vias of the application specific IC are electrically connected to the second vias of the microphone chip.
These and other objectives of the present invention will no doubt become obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art after reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiment that is illustrated in the various figures and drawings.
FIG. 1 illustrates a cross-section of a MEMS microphone module according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 illustrates a cross-section of a MEMS microphone module according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3A-3I illustrate a cross-section view for fabricating a MEMS microphone module according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to FIG. 1, FIG. 1 illustrates a MEMS microphone module 100 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The MEMS microphone module 100 includes an application specific IC 110, a microphone chip 120, and a cover 130. The application specific IC 110 has a first surface 111, a second surface 112, a plurality of first pads 113, and a plurality of first vias 114. The first pads 113 are formed on the first surface 111 of the application specific IC 110, and the first vias 114 connected to the first pads 113 are formed to communicate with the first surface 111 and the second surface 112.
The microphone chip 120 has an active surface 121, a back surface 122, a resonant cavity 123, a plurality of second vias 124, a vibrating film 125, and a plurality of second pads 126. The resonant cavity 123 and the second vias 124 are formed on the back surface 122 of the microphone chip 120, in which the resonant cavity 123 includes an opening 123a. The vibrating film 125 and the second pads 126 are formed on the active surface 121, the vibrating film 125 is disposed corresponding to the resonant cavity 123, and the second vias 124 are connected to the second pads 126. The microphone chip 120 is disposed on the first surface 111 of the application specific IC 110 with the opening 123a of the resonant cavity 123 facing toward the application specific IC 110, in which the first vias 114 of the application specific IC 110 are electrically connected to the second vias 124 of the microphone chip 120.
In this embodiment, the application specific IC 110 also includes a first metal 115 formed in the first vias 114 and an insulator 116 formed between the first vias 114 and the first metal 115 to prevent short circuit. The microphone chip 120 also includes a second metal 127 and a second insulator 128 accordingly. The second metal 127 protrudes from the back surface 122 of the microphone chip 120 is formed in the second vias 124, and the second insulator 128 is formed between the second vias 124 and the second metal 127 to prevent short circuit. In this embodiment, the MEMS microphone module 100 further includes a sealing layer 140 formed between the application specific IC 110 and the microphone chip 120. The sealing layer 140 can be utilized to establish an electrical connection between the first vias 114 and the second vias 124. The sealing layer 140 is preferably composed of an anisotropic conductive film or an anisotropic conductive paste. In another embodiment of the present invention, when the microphone chip 120 and the application specific IC 110 are bonded through eutectic bonding, the sealing layer 140 utilized can be composed of a non-conductive film or a non-conductive paste.
The cover 130 is disposed on the active surface 121 of the microphone chip 120, in which the cover 130 includes at least one sound hole 131. In this embodiment, the cover 130 is fabricated with a "U" shaped cross-section to protect the microphone chip 120 and the vibrating film 125. The MEMS microphone module 100 also has an encapsulant 150 formed between the application specific IC 110 and the microphone chip 120. The encapsulant 150 is preferably disposed with respect to the exterior side of the first vias 114 of the application specific IC 110 and the second vias 124 of the microphone chip 120. The encapsulant 150 could be fabricated with an "∘" shape, a "□" shape, or other shapes composed of sealed-rings. The encapsulant 150 could be formed on the back surface 122 of the microphone chip 120, on the first surface 111 of the application specific IC 110, or on both the back surface 122 of the microphone chip 120 and the first surface 111 of the application specific IC 110, which are all within the scope of the present invention. In this embodiment, the encapsulant 150 is fabricated with a metal material to enhance the sealing ability for the module.
Referring back to FIG. 1, a plurality of external pads 117 is formed on the second surface 112 of the application specific IC 110 while connecting the first vias 114. The microphone module 100 further includes a plurality of solder balls 160 connected to the external pads 117. As the microphone chip 120 is directly bonded to the first surface 111 of the application specific IC 110 with a surface mounting technique, the MEMS microphone module 100 would have a much smaller package size and stronger reliability. Additionally, by electrically connecting the first vias 114 of the application specific IC 110 to the second vias 124 of the microphone chip 120, the present invention also eliminates the need for performing traditional wire bonding and die bonding processes, which not only reduces operating time and increases production rate, but also shortens transmission paths for the module for increasing overall transmission speed.
Referring to FIG. 2, FIG. 2 illustrates a cross-section of a MEMS microphone module according to another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, a surrounding wall 129 is formed on the active surface 121 of the microphone chip 120, and the cover 130 is disposed on the surrounding wall 129. In this embodiment, the cover 130 is fabricated with a "-" shaped cross-section.
Referring to FIGS. 3A-3I, FIGS. 3A-3I illustrate a method for fabricating the MEMS microphone module 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3A, a first wafer S1 having a plurality of application specific IC 110 is provided. Each of the application specific IC 110 has a first surface 111, a second surface 112, and a plurality of first pads 113 formed on the first surface 111. Next, as shown in FIG. 3B, a plurality of first vias 114 connected to the first pads 113 is formed on the second surface 112 of the application specific IC 110. In this embodiment, the first vias 114 are formed by an etching process. Next, as shown in FIG. 3C, a first metal 115 and an insulator 116 are deposited in the first vias 114 of the application specific IC 110. The first insulator 116 is formed between the inner wall of the first vias 114 and the first metal 115 to prevent short circuit, and the first metal 115 is formed to protrude from the second surface 112 of the application specific IC 110. The first metal 115 is preferably formed by a sputtering or electroplating process, and the first insulator 116 is preferably formed by a chemical vapor deposition process. Next, as shown in FIG. 3D, a plurality of external pads 117 is formed on the second surface 112 of the application specific IC 110, and an encapsulant 150 is formed on the first surface 111 of the application specific IC 110. In this embodiment, the encapsulant 150 is disposed with respect to the exterior side of the first vias 114, and a plurality of solder balls 160 is bonded to the external pads 117.
As shown in FIG. 3E, a second wafer S2 having a plurality of microphone chips 120 is provided. Each of the microphone chips 120 has an active surface 121, a back surface 122, a resonant cavity 123, a plurality of second vias 124, a vibrating film 125, and a plurality of second pads 126. The resonant cavity 123 and the second vias 124 are formed on the back surface 122 of the microphone chip 120, in which the resonant cavity 123 also has an opening 123a. The vibrating film 125 and the second pads 126 are formed on the active surface 121, in which the vibrating film 125 is disposed corresponding to the resonant cavity 123 and the second vias 124 are connected to the second pads 126. The resonant cavity 123 and the second vas 124 can be formed by an etching process. In another embodiment of the present invention, a surrounding wall 129 shown in FIG. 2 can be formed on the active surface 121 of the microphone chip 120.
Next, as shown in FIG. 3F, a second metal 127 and a second insulator 128 are disposed into the second vias 124 of the microphone chip 120. Preferably, the second insulator 128 is disposed between the inner wall of the second vias 124 and the second metal 127, and the second metal 127 is disposed to protrude from the back surface 122 of the microphone chip 120. The second metal 127 is formed by a sputtering or electroplating process, and the second insulator 128 is formed by a chemical vapor deposition process. In this embodiment, the encapsulant 150 is formed on the back surface 122 of the microphone chip 120 and outside the second vias 124. Next, as shown in FIG. 3G, a bonding process (such as a surface bonding process) is conducted to bond the second wafer S2 to the first wafer S1. Preferably, the microphone chip 120 of the second wafer S2 is bonded corresponding to the application specific IC 110 of the first wafer S1, the opening 123a of the resonant cavity 123 of the microphone chip 120 is positioned to face toward the application specific IC 110, and the first vias 114 of the application specific IC 110 are electrically connected to the second vias 124 of the microphone chip 120.
In this embodiment, a sealing layer 140 is formed between the application specific IC 110 and the microphone chip 120 to facilitate the electrical connection between the first vias 114 and the second vias 124. The sealing layer 140 is composed of an anisotropic conductive film or an anisotropic conductive paste. Alternatively, when the microphone chip 120 and the application specific IC 140 are bonded, the sealing layer 140 can be composed of a non-conductive film or a non-conductive paste, which is also within the scope of the present invention.
Next, as shown in FIG. 3H, a cover 130 is disposed on the active surface 121 of the microphone chip 120, in which the cover 130 includes a sound hole 131. In this embodiment, the cover 130 is fabricated with a "U" shaped cross-section. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 2, the cover 130 can be fabricated with a "-" shaped cross-section and disposed on a surrounding wall 129. Last, as shown in FIG. 3I, a sawing process is conducted by using a sawing tool 10 to saw the first wafer S1 and the second wafer S2 to form a plurality of MEMS microphone modules 100.
Those skilled in the art will readily observe that numerous modifications and alterations of the device and method may be made while retaining the teachings of the invention.
1. A MEMS microphone module, comprising:
an application specific IC having a first surface, a second surface, a plurality of first pads, and a plurality of first vias, wherein the first pads are formed on the first surface of the application specific IC and the first vias are connected to the first pads; and
a microphone chip having an active surface, a back surface, a resonant cavity having an opening, a plurality of second vias, a vibrating film, a plurality of second pads, and a cover disposed directly on the active surface of the microphone chip,
wherein the cover comprises at least one sound hole,
wherein the vibrating film and the second pads are formed on the active surface of the microphone chip, the resonant cavity is formed on the back surface of the microphone chip, the second vias are connected to the second pads, the microphone chip is disposed on the first surface of the application specific IC with the opening of the resonant cavity facing toward the application specific IC, and the second vias of the microphone chip are electrically connected to the first vias of the application specific IC.
2. The MEMS microphone module of claim 1, wherein the microphone chip comprises a surrounding wall, wherein the cover is disposed on the surrounding wall of the microphone chip.
3. The MEMS microphone module of claim 1, further comprising a first metal formed in the first vias of the application specific IC and a second metal formed in the second vias of the microphone chip, wherein the second metal protrudes from the back surface of the microphone chip.
4. The MEMS microphone module of claim 3, wherein the application specific IC comprises a first insulator formed between the inner sidewall of the first vias and the first metal and the microphone chip comprises a second insulator formed between the inner sidewall of the second vias and the second metal.
5. The MEMS microphone module of claim 1 further comprising an encapsulant formed between the application specific IC and the microphone chip.
6. The MEMS microphone module of claim 5, wherein the encapsulant is positioned with respect to the exterior side of the first vias of the application specific IC and the second vias of the microphone chip.
7. The MEMS microphone module of claim 5, wherein the encapsulant comprises a metal material.
8. The MEMS microphone module of claim 1 further comprising a sealing layer formed between the application specific IC and the microphone chip to electrically connect the first vias and the second vias.
9. The MEMS microphone module of claim 1, wherein the application specific IC further comprises a plurality of external pads formed on the second surface of the application specific IC and connected to the first vias.
10. The MEMS microphone module of claim 1, wherein the cross-section of the cover comprises a "--" shape or a "U" shape.
6178249 January 23, 2001 Hietanen et al.
20040253760 December 16, 2004 Zhang et al.
20050179100 August 18, 2005 Barzen et al.
20050189635 September 1, 2005 Humpston et al.
20050207605 September 22, 2005 Dehe et al.
20070105304 May 10, 2007 Kasai et al.
Filed: Nov 21, 2007
Date of Patent: Oct 5, 2010
Assignee: Advanced Semiconductor Engineering, Inc. (Kao-Hsiung)
Inventor: Wei-Min Hsiao (Kao-Hsiung)
Primary Examiner: N Drew Richards
Assistant Examiner: Yu-Hsi Sun
Attorney: Winston Hsu
Current U.S. Class: Acoustic Wave (257/416); Having Diaphragm Element (438/53); Physical Stress Responsive (438/50); Physical Deformation (e.g., Strain Sensor, Acoustic Wave Detector) (257/254); Stacked Arrangement (257/686); Stacked Arrangements Of Devices (epo) (257/E25.006); Stacked Arrangements Of Devices (epo) (257/E25.013)
International Classification: H01L 29/78 (20060101);

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
52 Ancestors: #43(1) Elizabeth CARROLL abt. 1808-bet. 1880-1890
"The challenge: have one blog post each week devoted to a specific ancestor. It could be a story, a biography, a photograph, an outline of a research problem — anything that focuses on one ancestor."
This is entry #43(1) in Amy Johnson Crow's Challenge: 52 Ancestors in 52 Weeks.
I might be breaking a rule by doing this ancestor in two parts in one week. My posts for this challenge are not spontaneous. I have this planned out to the end of the year. For me, an ancestor's childhood and parents are part of her life. In the case of this ancestor, it became so complicated that I've broken this up into two parts.
#43(1) Elizabeth CARROLL abt. 1808-bet. 1880-1890
I thought this would be an easy write-up until I started taking a closer look at what I have on the CARROLL family of Montgomery County, Virginia.
According to family tradition, three of Henry RUPE's sons married CARROLL sisters. My fourth great-grandparents James ROOP and Elizabeth CARROLL married on 23 July 1830.1,2 In the abstract of the marriage his last name was spelled RUPE and her maiden name was indexed as EARL.
Update (6 January 2022): They Married Six and a Half Weeks Earlier!
As mentioned last week RUPE and ROOP were used interchangeably. The names of the bride's and groom's parents were not included in the transcript. To-do list: request a copy of the marriage record as I believe that EARL is an indexing error and her maiden name was most likely spelled CARL as it was for her sister Mary the following year:
"I do hereby certify that I celebrated the rites of matrimony between Joseph Roop & Mary Carl of Montgomery Cty on the 13th day of September 1831 by virtue of a publication given under my hand this 26th day of June 1832. Richd Buckingham"3
On 4 November 1846, William ROOP went bond with Robert CARRELL as security for the marriage of William to Robert's daughter Catherine CARRELL.4 In 1850 Anne CARLE age 62 was in the household of William and Catherine ROOP. The relationship is not listed however Anne would appear to be Catherine's mother.5
I had planned on including all information on the CARROLL family to show how everything I've found fits together. I wrote up 1500 words and then decided that it was too complicated to include here. So we are back to family tradition: the parents of the girls who married the ROOP boys were Robert and Anne CARROLL. These names are also seen on the abstract of their brother John CARROLL's death in 1881 entry in the 1881 death register for their brother John CARROLL.6
My 4th great-grandmother Elizabeth CARROLL was born about 1808.7 Most likely this was at the same place as her sister Mary who was born on the 1st day of January in 1809 "within a few miles of Riner" in Montgomery County, Virginia. Mary lived to be 100 years old and her memory was the wonder of the community.8,9
After Elizabeth and James ROOP married in 1830 they started a family that grew until they had their 12th child in 1854. A dozen children in two dozen years! By this time they were living in their new home in Floyd County. The children were: (Births and marriages of these children were cited in the article of their father James ROOP.)
◉ Ch 1: Amanda "Manda" ROOP (1831-1894) was born in September 1831 in Montgomery County, Virginia. She married George Washington LESTER (1837-aft 1900) on 23 March 1855 in Floyd County, Virginia. They were the parents of four children, one of who died at the young age of 4 years. It has been speculated that this was a troubled marriage and they may have divorced as George was married again in 1890.10 Manda died of dropsy on 10 February 1894 in Raleigh County, West Virginia.11 The person giving the information was her sister Barbie THOMPSON who gave Manda's marital status as "married." George was seen as widowed in the 1890 marriage and it could be that he left Manda without divorcing her.
◉ Ch 2: Floyd ROOP (1833-1923) was born on 12 May 1833 in Montgomery County, Virginia. He married(1) Mary L. BLACKWELL (1832-bef. 1900) on 5 April 1855 in Floyd County. Mary gave Floyd six children before she died. He married(2) Lucinda WILLSIE (1855-1913) about 1901. This marriage was without issue. Floyd died on 3 February 1923 in Auburn, Montgomery County, and was buried in White Oak Grove Cemetery, near the home that he grew up in, in Floyd County.12
◉ Ch 3: Evaline ROOP (1835-aft.1890) was born on 3 March 1835 in Montgomery County, Virginia. She married Mathias RATLIFF (1836-1888) on 4 March 1856 in Floyd County. They were the parents of ten children. Evaline likely died after being mentioned in her father's will dated 13 January 1890 was written and before the 1900 census.13
◉ Ch 4: Peradine ROOP (1835-1909) was born on 30 November 1835 in Montgomery County, Virginia. She married Sylvester MILLS (1832-1909) on 30 August 1855 in Floyd County. They were the parents of eight children. Peradine died two months after her husband in March 1909 in West Virginia and was buried in Simmons Cemetery, Mountview, Raleigh County, West Virginia.14
◉ Ch 5: Gordon ROOP (1838-1863) was born about 1838 in Montgomery County, Virginia. He married Emaline LESTER (1836-1877) on 10 March 1856 in Floyd County. They were the parents of three children. Gordon died on 1 November 1863 in Flewellen Hospital, Cassville, Bartow County, Georgia, and was buried in Cassville Cemetery.15
◉ Ch 6: Barbary Ellen "Barbie" ROOP (1839-aft.1910) was born on 28 June 1839 in Montgomery County, Virginia. She married(1) Nathaniel THOMPSON (1840-1896) on 12 September 1888 in Raleigh County, West Virginia. She married(2) Henderson BECKELHEIMER (1840-1905) on 20 December 1898 at her residence in Raleigh County. She married(3) Charles COCHRAN (1825-1910) on 21 August 1906 in Summers County, West Virginia. Barbary died after April 1910. She never had children.
◉ Ch 7: Giles Henderson ROOP (1841-1863) was born on 2 February 1841 in Montgomery County, Virginia. He died on 19 September 1863 in Chickamauga, Walker County, Georgia.16
◉ Ch 8: William H. T. ROOP (1843-1863) was born on 6 November 1843 in Montgomery County, Virginia. He died either May 1862 in Floyd County, Virginia, or on 20 September 1863 in Chickamauga, Walker County, Georgia.17,18
◉ Ch 9: Rachel Monacha ROOP (1845-1901) was born about 1845 in Montgomery County, Virginia. She married William Lee SIMMONS (1843-1923) on 8 March 1866 in Floyd County. They were the parents of twelve children. Rachel died on 16 December 1901 and is most likely buried alongside her husband in the Simmons Cemetery at Mountview in Raleigh County, West Virginia.19
◉ Ch 10: James Anderson ROOP (1849-aft.1920) was born in September 1849 in Floyd County, Virginia. He married(1) Elizabeth Jane BURK (1848-1919) on 26 November 1868 in Montgomery County. They were the parents of six children. James married(2) Almeda Jane HOLLANDSWORTH (1876-1951) on 5 July 1919 in Fayette County, West Virginia.20 This was only a few months after the death of his first wife. There are no known children from this second marriage. James died on 16 May 1928 in Altavista, Campbell County, Virginia.21
◉ Ch 11: Hamilton N. ROOP (1853-1919) was born about December 1853 in Floyd County, Virginia. He married Mary Elizabeth EPPERLY (1852-1926) on 15 August 1872 at the residence of Owen SUMNER in Floyd County. They were the parents of seven children. Hamilton died in 1919 and was buried in Surface Cemetery in Riner, Montgomery County.22
◉ Ch 12: Charles Monroe ROOP (1854-1928) was born on 10 August 1854 in Floyd County, Virginia. He married Sarah Martha EPPERLY (1853-1933) on 17 March 1873 in Floyd County. They were the parents of four children, one dying at age 2. Charles died on 22 December 1928 and was buried in Fairview Cemetery, Roanoke, Virginia.23
Four of Elizabeth's sons and two of her sons-in-law served in Company A, 54th Infantry Regiment Virginia: Floyd ROOP, Gordon ROOP, Giles Henderson ROOP, William H. T. ROOP, George Washington LESTER, and Sylvester MILLS. Her son-in-law Mathias RATLIFF served in Company E of the same regiment. Seven men in the family served and three did not come home: my third great-grandfather Gordon and his brothers Giles and William died in Georgia in 1863 while serving. Gordon was fighting his last battle at Chickamauga when his brothers Giles and William died within 24 hours of each other during the battle on the 19th and 20th of September 1863.24 On 1 November 1863, Gordon died in Flewellen Hospital, in Cassville, Bartow County, Georgia. His cause of death was not mentioned on his Civil War card.25
The deaths of these sons meant many grandchildren and descendants were not to be. I was lucky in that my 2nd great-grandfather Gordon Washington Roop was born "just in the nick of time."25
Elizabeth CARROLL died before her husband James ROOP, who died on 2 November 1890 in Floyd County, Virginia.26 She was last seen in the 1880 census. It's possible that she died shortly before her husband made his will on 31 January 1890. It seems plausible that his wife's death might have prompted James to write his will and take care of unfinished business.
Assuming that she died about 1889-1890, Elizabeth was survived by her children Manda, Floyd, Evaline, Peradine, Barbie, Rachel, James, Hamilton, and Charles.
She left 55 grandchildren: John, George, and Cordelia LESTER; Amos, Manda, James, Mary Ellen, Sarah, and Jennie ROOP; Virginia, Cephas, Giles, Sarah, Charles, William, Landon, Mary, and Matthew RATLIFF; Mary, James, Rhoda, Giles, Julina, Susan, Laura, and Amos MILLS; Dollie, John, and Gordon ROOP; Charlton, Angeline, Samuel, Amon, Laura, Dillard, Cora, John, Woodson, Tempey, and Frank SIMMONS; Lucy, Bill, James, Cephas, Maggie, and John ROOP; Giles, Ham, Silas, John, Ella, Mattie, and Charles ROOP; Charles and William ROOP. One last grandchild Bertha ROOP would be born in 1898, the youngest child of her youngest child.
She left 40 great-grandchildren: Laura, Susan, John, and Juber LESTER; Louvina, Minnie, Roxie Ann, James, and Amelia HUTCHINSON; Flora ROOP; Lucy ROOP, Arthur and Frank BISHOP; Lillie and Edgar ROOP; Mary, Lucy, Alice, Frank, James, and Arthur STUMP; Victor, Archie, and Aaron RATCLIFFE; Sadie RATCLIFFE; Calla MILLS; Hattie, Ezra, Posey, Luverna, and Adford SUMNER; Tillitha, Martin Otis, and Dolly Ann ROOP; George, Walter Farmer, Charles, and James ROOP; Maggie and Betty DeLUNG. About 180 more great-grandchildren and at least 550 great-great-grandchildren would be born after her death. A true report of her descendants is not possible as not all great-grandchildren and their families have been researched.
This Post was Updated on 23 October 2022: Missing source citations were added and some corrections were made to the text and format.
52 Ancestors: #43(2) Elizabeth's parents Robert and Anne CARROLL
© 2014–2022, copyright Cathy Meder-Dempsey. All rights reserved.
"Virginia, Marriages 1740-1850," (index-only), Ancestry, citing Dodd, Jordan R., et al., Early American Marriages: Virginia to 1850, Precision Indexing Publishers, Bountiful, Utah. James Rupe, male, spouse Elizabeth Earl (sic), female, marriage date 23 Jul 1830 in Montgomery County, Virginia. (http://www.ancestry.com : accessed 6 April 2016). This is indexed information. The actual record was found on 23 December 2021. The date of marriage was Wednesday, 8 June 1830. The marriage was published on Saturday, 23 July 1830 by Richd Buckingham. The bride's maiden name was Carrol and not Earl as indexed. See Footnote 2. ↩
"Marriage records, 1785-1861," database with images, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/1135002), citing microfilm of original records at the Montgomery County Courthouse in Christiansburg, Virginia, Film 2047122 (item 3), DGS 7740792, Marriage record, 1812-1841, image 101 of 854, right page, 7th entry, 8 Jun 1830, James Roop and Elizabeth Carrol. (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C91C-TPS4?cc=2134304 : accessed 23 December 2021). Marriage record, 1812-1841, were copied from the ministers' returns. ↩
Ibid., Film 2047122 (item 3), DGS 7740792, Marriage record, 1812-1841, image 111 of 854, left page, 2nd entry, Joseph Roop and Mary Carl married 13 Sep 1831 by Richd Buckingham who published it 26 Jun 1832. (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C91C-TPSM?cc=2134304 : accessed 25 December 2021). ↩
"Marriage bonds, 1773-1857," database with images, FamilySearch, citing microfilm of original records at the Montgomery County Courthouse in Christiansburg, Virginia, Film 2047132, DGS 7740802, Marriage bonds, 1844-1848, images 405+406 of 699, William Rupe and Robert Carrell went bond on 4 Nov 1846 for the marriage of William Rupe and Catharine Carrell. (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C91C-53V2-M?cc=2134304 : accessed 25 December 2021). ↩
1850 U.S. Federal Census (index and images), Ancestry (https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/8054/), citing Seventh Census of the United States, 1850 population schedule, National Archives and Records Administration, Washington D.C., NARA microfilm publication M432, 1009 rolls, Roll: M432_962, Virginia, Montgomery County, sheet 52B, household 708-708, lines 23-27, William Roop (accessed 22 October 2014). ↩
"Death registers, 1853-1906 (Virginia)" browse-only images, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/780106), Virginia Bureau of Vital Statistics, citing microfilm of the original records at the Virginia State Library at Richmond, Virginia., Film 2056980, DGS 4225427, Death registers Floyd County, 1853-1896, image 165 of 673, 1881 Register, entry 17, John Carrel, m w, 1 Oct, farmer, 75 yrs, Robert + Anne Carrel (parents), b. Montgomery, consort of Dosha Carrel, informant: Jacob Carrel, son. (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HT-DRMQ-DYQ?i=164&cc=3940896 : accessed 14 October 2022). ↩
Ages estimated from census: 1850 age 42, 1860 age 50, 1870 age 62, 1880 age 71. ↩
Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers, The Library of Congress, https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/, The Times Dispatch (Richmond, Virginia), 13 January 1907, page 4, column 1, "Christiansburg," 2nd and 3rd paragraph (http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85038615/1907-01-13/ed-1/seq-18/ : accessed 4 April 2016). ↩
Ibid., The Times Dispatch (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 09 January 1909, page 2, column 7, "Mrs. Mary Roop" (http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85038615/1909-01-09/ed-1/seq-2/ : accessed 4 April 2016). ↩
"Virginia, U.S., Marriage Registers, 1853-1935," (index and images), Ancestry (https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/62154/), citing Virginia, Marriage Registers, 1853–1935 at the Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia., Carroll County Marriage Register 1890, page 78 (stamped), line 97, 12 Nov 1890 Geo. W. Lester 53 widowed and Lucy D. Dillon 22 single by Isaac Webb. (https://www.ancestry.com/discoveryui-content/view/121504:62154 : accessed 29 May 2022). ↩
West Virginia Vital Research Records Project (database and images), West Virginia Division of Culture and History citing county records in county courthouses, West Virginia (A collaborative venture between the West Virginia State Archives and the Genealogical Society of Utah to place vital records online via the West Virginia Archives and History Web site accessible at https://archive.wvculture.org/vrr), West Virginia Deaths, 1804-1999, FHL microfilm 598425, image 277, Raleigh County Register of Deaths, page 61, line 48, Manda Lester, w, f, 10 Feb 1894, dropsy, age 64, parents James & Eliza Roop, born Montgomery VA, Barbie Thompson sister informant. (http://images.wvculture.org/598425/00277.jpg : accessed 12 October 2022). ↩
"Virginia, Death Records, 1912-2014," index and images, Ancestry (https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/9278/), citing Virginia Department of Health, Richmond, Virginia, Certificate of Death No. 4986, Registration Area No. 601A. Floyd Roop, male, white, age 89, born 14 May 1833, died 4 Feb 1923 in Montgomery, Virginia, registration date 8 Feb 1923, father James Roop, mother Betsy, spouse Mary. (accessed 28 December 2015). ↩
"Virginia, Wills and Probate Records, 1652-1983," (index and images), Ancestry, citing original data of Virginia County, District, and Probate Courts, Floyd County, Virginia, Will Book F, page 486, Last Will and Testament of James Roop dated 31 January 1890.(https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/9085/images/007645227_00302 : accessed 14 March 2022). ↩
Find A Grave, database and images. (https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/116584501/peradine-mills: accessed 12 October 2022), memorial page for Peradine Roop Mills (15 May 1836–30 Mar 1909), Find a Grave Memorial ID 116584501, citing Simmons Cemetery, Mountview, Raleigh County, West Virginia, USA; Maintained by Walter Pack Family (contributor 47557175); photos of marker by D. Mack (contributor 46909657) confirm the dates of birth and death. ↩
"Compiled Service Records of Confederate Soldiers Who Served in Organizations from the State of Virginia," database with images, Fold3 (https://www.fold3.com/publication/42/civil-war-service-records-cmsr-confederate-virginia), citing The National Archives, NARA microfilm publication M324, Fifty-fourth Regiment Virginia Infantry, Gordon Roop, 1 Nov 1863 in Flewellen Hospital, Cassville, Georgia. (https://www.fold3.com/document/12913782/roop-gorden-page-4-civil-war-service-records-cmsr-confederate-virginia: accessed February 2014). Note: His name appears on a Register of Officers and Soldiers of the Army of the Confederate States who were killed in battle, or who died of wounds or disease. ↩
"Compiled Service Records of Confederate Soldiers Who Served in Organizations from the State of Virginia," database with images, Fold3 (https://www.fold3.com/publication/42/civil-war-service-records-cmsr-confederate-virginia), citing The National Archives, NARA microfilm publication M324, Giles H Roop, 6 pages (accessed 12 February 2014). Cards 5 and 6 note the 19 September 1863 death (killed in action). ↩
"Virginia, U.S., Death Registers, 1853-1911, " index and images, Ancestry (https://www.ancestry.com/discoveryui-content/view/250856:62152), citing original data: Virginia, Death Registers, 1853–1911 from the Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia., Floyd County Register of Deaths for 1862, page 27, line 30, William T Roop, male, age 19, died May 1862, parents James & Elizabeth Roop, informant father. (https://www.ancestry.com/discoveryui-content/view/251118:62152?ssrc=pt&tid=164805854&pid=102139722136 : accessed 16 May 2022). ↩
"U.S., Civil War Soldier Records and Profiles, 1861-1865," (no images), Ancestry, data compiled by Historical Data Systems of Kingston, MA, The Virginia Regimental Histories Series. Name: William H.T. Roop, Enlistment Age: 17, Birth Date: abt 1844, Enlistment Date: 10 Sep 1861, Enlistment Place: Jacksonville, Virginia, Enlistment Rank: Private, Muster Date: 10 Sep 1861, Muster Place: Virginia, Muster Company: A, Muster Regiment: 54th Infantry, Muster Regiment Type: Infantry, Muster Information: Enlisted, Muster Out Date: 20 Sep 1863. Muster Out Place: Chickamauga, Georgia, Muster Out Information: Killed, Side of War: Confederacy, Survived War?: No, Occupation:Farm Laborer.
This is conflicting information to a death record found in Floyd County, Virginia, for William T. Roop, son of James and Elizabeth who died in May 1862. ↩
Find A Grave, database and images, (https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/142274044/rachel-manacha-simmons: accessed 17 October 2022), memorial page for Rachel Manacha Roop Simmons (28 Jun 1845–16 Dec 1901), Find a Grave Memorial ID 142274044, citing Simmons Cemetery, Mountview, Raleigh County, West Virginia, USA; maintained by James E. Snyder (contributor 47214013); photo of the marker by D. Mack (contributor 46909657) confirms the dates of birth and death. ↩
WVCulture.org, West Virginia Marriages, 1780-1970, FHL microfilm 494264, image 230, Register of Marriages, entry 17, 5 Jul 1919, J.A. Roop and Alemta J Hollandsworth. (http://images.wvculture.org/494264/00230.jpg : accessed 12 October 2022). ↩
"Virginia, Death Records, 1912-2014," State file no. 10617, Registration Area no. 152A, Registered no. 14, 17 May 1928. James A Roop, male, white, age 78, born 16 Sep 1849, died 16 May 1928 in Altavista, Campbell, Virginia, registration date 17 May 1928, father James A Roop, mother Betty Conal, spouse Almeda J Hollandsworth. (http://www.ancestry.com : accessed 5 January 2016). ↩
Ibid., Certificate of Death No. 40835, Registration District No. 601B. Ham N. Roop, male, white, age 63, born 10 Aug 1855, died 8 Dec 1918 in Montgomery, Virginia, registration date 9 Dec 1918, father James Roop, mother Mary Carl. (http://www.ancestry.com : accessed 28 December 2015). ↩
Ibid., Certificate of Death No. 29331, Registration District No. 802. Charles Monroe Roop, male, white, age 73, born Aug 1855, died 22 Dec 1928 in Roanoke, Virginia, registration date 31 Dec 1928, father James Roop, mother Rachael Carroll, spouse Martha Roop. (http://www.ancestry.com : accessed 28 December 2015). ↩
This declaration has to be retracted as William, the son of James Roop and Elizabeth Carroll, died in Floyd County in May 1862. More research needs to be done to determine who William Roop died at Chickamauga was. ↩
Find A Grave, database and images, (https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/209078601/gordon-w-roop : accessed 28 February 2022), memorial page for Gordon W. Roop (6 May 1862–31 Jan 1931), Find a Grave Memorial ID 209078601, citing Rich Creek Cemetery, Jodie, Fayette County, West Virginia, USA; Maintained by Jennifer Nottingham (contributor 49369720). ↩ ↩
The date of death of James ROOP needs to be proven. ↩
Author Cathy Meder-DempseyPosted on October 27, 2014 January 12, 2023 Categories 52Ancestors 2014Tags 52Ancestors, Bartow GA, Beckelheimer, Bishop, Blackwell, Burk, Carrell, Carroll, Cochran, DeLung, Epperly, Floyd VA, Hollandsworth, Hutchinson, Lester, Mills, Montgomery VA, Raleigh WV, Ratcliffe, Ratliff, Roop, Rupe, Simmons, Stump, Summers WV, Sumner, Thompson
8 thoughts on "52 Ancestors: #43(1) Elizabeth CARROLL abt. 1808-bet. 1880-1890"
Helen Holshouser says:
Your own descendants, Cathy Meder=Dempsey, are going to love you,a nd sing your praises for all of this work! they are so lucky to have you doing all of this meticulous research! This is great,a nd I am looking forward to part 2~ I have a cousin in Alabama kin to me through the Langhornes, and she is a genealogist by hobby, and married to a Carroll! Her roots are in Virginia also, I'll have to sendher this, and see if she is kin! I'll let you know!
Thank you Helen. Wouldn't it be great if your Alabama cousin's husband's Carroll line were connected to mine? I so need to find some keys to open the door in this brick wall. Wouldn't you know it now that both parts are written and published, I found a land record at the Library of Virginia today. Only 35 acres but A RECORD!!!
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Forty grandchildren! I feel lucky to have two!
Imagine the family reunions! We are lucky to have one.
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Q: Eclipse indentation problem Eclipse 3.5 indents this code correctly:
    addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter()
    {
        @Override
        public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e)
        {
            dispose();
        }
    });

but as you can see, it indents this code incorrectly:
    final Action closewindowaction = new AbstractAction("Close window")
            {
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
        {
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The obvious difference is that the second example uses an assignment, but I've set assignment in line wrapping to use default indentation and I've set that default indentation to zero, so I don't see any reason why it should be misbehaving. Any idea how to fix this?

A: What is your line wrap set to in the formatter? the second line is close to 67 characters long (it will obviously be more depending on the initial indentation), IIRC 80 is the default for line wrapping, so it might be Eclipse is wrapping the line for the opening brace.
Update: Based on your posted settings. It looks like you've got Never join lines in Line Wrapping->General Settings checked. If I uncheck that option I get the indentation you expected.

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text:
Auditor General questions local authorities' lack of direction in latest report
By Mukosha Funga Njenga,
Acting Auditor General Ron Mwambwa speaks when Ministry of Energy officials appeared before the Public Accounts Committee at Parliament building on December 8, 2017 - picture by Tenson Mkhala
The Auditor General's report on Local Authorities for the years ended December 31, 2014 to 2016 has revealed that of 39 audited councils, seven did not have strategic plans, raising questions on whether they have a sense of direction.
And the Auditor General has revealed that local authorities owe ZRA K411,597,888.
Announcing the release of the audit which can be accessed at the Office of the Auditor General in Longacres or at www.ago.gov.zm in a statement, Wednesday, Public Relations head Ellen Chikale stated that the report revealed poor financial and performance management.
"The Report on the audit of Local Authorities for the financial years ended 31st December 2014 to 2016 is out with an overall tone of poor financial and performance management. The Report contains paragraphs on thirty five (35) councils and the major audit findings are that contrary to Section 52 of the Local Government Act twelve (12) Councils did not prepare financial statements for the period under review. Further, the Report shows that of the thirty nine (39) councils audited seven (7) councils did not have Strategic Plans in place thereby casting aspersions as to whether these councils have a sense of direction which guides their day to day decisions as well as evaluate their progress," Chikale stated.
"It was also observed that councils own various assets, however, twenty two (22) councils did not have title deeds for their properties. This entails that in case of anything proof of ownership cannot be demonstrated."
And Chikale stated that the local authorities had also been cited for non remittance of statutory obligations.
"Other issues contained in the report include non-remittance of statutory contributions to the National Pension Scheme Authority (NAPSA), Local Authorities Superannuation Fund (LASF) and Pay As You Earn (PAYE) to the Zambia Revenue Authority (ZRA) of K411,597,888, Failure to pay staff obligations K225,811,615, unapproved payments of K254,668, unaccounted for stores of K18,467,255, questionable payments of K1,670,673 and misapplication of the Equalisation Fund of K14,913,913 among others," she stated.
She stated that as a key factor in socio-economic development, it was hoped that local authorities could address their operational and financial challenges in order to deliver quality services to the people.
"The public may wish to know that Local Authorities are a key factor in socio-economic development because their operations are directly linked to community activities. As such an effective monitoring mechanism of their operations is critical in ensuring prudent financial management for sustainable economic and social development in the country. The Constitution of Zambia (Amendment) Act No. 2 of 2016 devolves powers to the Local Authorities (LA) in the quest to decentralize the operations of Government as all the Government departments and institutions will now be managed at the local authority level. This therefore, entails that there should be greater accountability on the part of the local authorities as they will now be responsible for a lot of government resources for onward service delivery to the general citizenry," stated Chikale.
"It is our considered hope the audit findings on the local authorities which have highlighted governance, operational and financial matters will be addressed in order for the Councils to provide quality service delivery and development in their respective communities."
Mukosha is interested in good governance and anti-corruption reporting.Email: mukosha@diggers.news
» All articles by Mukosha Funga Njenga
Parastatal bodies failed to remit K3.4bn to ZRA – Report
Having no Auditor General a serious problem – LAZ


Well, our compilation CD doesn't have the licenses for all songs to be sold via iTunes, CDBaby, ReverbNation, etc., so you'll have to do this the old-fashioned way… and what a nice time to think less about instant gratification, and enjoy writing your cheque and popping it into the mailbox, with the anticipation of a new CD coming to you – or your friends and family – in the mail.
Phone: 902-448-4574 for more info and address.
And soon our Presence will be festively yours!


Easter Greetings to all my customers and friends!
I didn't want this weekend to get away from me without wishing all of you a very happy Easter! This is my most favorite holiday of all. I attended a very impressive Maundy Thursday service which prepared me for the coming of Easter.
I hope to get some instructions on revamping this site. Just want to alert you if the site seems different, unavailable or a mess, please remember I am trying to update it! I really don't know what I will be getting into or how long it will take me. I want to make it as painless as I can! My schedule has changed a little so I have a large chunk of time to do this NOW. So...wish me luck!
Our boys were home 2 weeks ago for a wedding and the house was rockin'!!! With 3 extra bodies all well over 6 feet, this house suddenly seemed very small. (Our oldest son brought his girlfriend who is also 6'1") Since they had just been home, our house will be quiet for Easter.
We have had beautiful weather in March until this past week. Now is it in the 20's, we have had some snow and it feels like January. All my tulips and daffodils are wilted and frozen. My birthday is next week and it is usually feeling like spring....well not this year!
One of the most often visited part of my web site is the NEWS. I appreciate your interest in MY news and will try to update more often. I do have some updates on Wilson which I will share in HIS menu soon.
Thank you for being a customer and friend, I appreciate all of you more than I can say.


It is no myth that lots of people in the world yearn for the America Dream of Freedom and Liberty, where the sky is no limit to your achievements, success, and excellence in life's pursuit. Hence the dream of 60% of the young adults in developing countries and even some developed countries is to live in the United States of America (US) either temporarily or permanently.
Whether you intend emigrate to America to temporarily or permanently, I advise that you endeavor to do so legally by obtaining the appropriate visa. There are approximately 180 different visas under about 49 categories available to you to reside temporarily as a non-immigrant or permanently as an immigrant in the US.
If you emigrate to America temporarily for business, on a social trip, for temporary work, for medical reasons, or any other temporary purpose you can obtain a nonimmigrant visa. A nonimmigrant visa is issued so that you may travel to the United States for a specific purpose and for a specified duration.
An immigrant visa is required for a Foreign National (FN) who is coming to America permanently. The foreign national in most cases must be sponsored by a U.S. Citizen or Lawful Permanent Resident who is a relative of the FN and who has gotten an approved petition in respect of the FN. The FN can be sponsored by a prospective U.S. Employer who also has an approved petition for same.
In this novel article, I will be giving some general overview of Non-immigrant visas available to those who want to come to America temporarily. While the dream of many might be coming to America permanently, there are some nonimmigrant visas which can rollover a couple of times in trenches of 2 years and there are some which can lead, if certain requirements are met, to permanent residency.
There are over 35 Nonimmigrant visa categories available to FNs and it is correct to note that a lot of people are unaware of the multiplicity of these nonimmigrant visas. Each nonimmigrant visa is issued for a specific purpose, and allows the visa holder to do things to accomplish that purpose. It is also issued for a limited time period ranging from a week to 2 years.
This article will discuss some prominent categories as well as some though not too prominent but can be useful to many.
B1 Nonimmigrant Visas are for persons who want to emigrate the United States of America temporarily for business purposes. Visa holders in this category can come to America to attend business conventions and conferences as well as scientific and professional conventions. They can consult with business associates with the goal to seek investors for business ventures and negotiate business contracts. Business visitors can actually survey potential business sites and settle an estate for business purposes however they are not allowed to stay in the US to manage such business in this visa category, they will have to apply for the relevant visa to stay in US run the business.
Foreign National Exhibitors who are coming to attend International Trade Fairs, and Lecturers and Speakers coming for an organized event can obtain business visas.
Independent Researchers are also able to obtain business visas as long as they are not getting any income from a U.S. Company in respect of such research and as long as it does not benefit any US institution.
members of a foreign based team in order to compete with another sports team. However, they cannot receive any salary or income from any US based company apart from awards or compensation for participation in the sporting event.
Nonimmigrants coming to America to visit family/friends or for tourism are able to obtain Visitors B2 visas. This visa is available for all recreational purposes such as participation by amateurs in musical and sports events or contests as long as they will receive no remuneration. It is open also to those participating in social events hosted by fraternal, charitable or social organizations.
Persons looking to emigrate to the US for the purpose of Medical treatment can also avail themselves of this visa. However, there will be a special notation on the visa page for this special category.
Non-immigrant visas are applied for and normally issued at US Consulates in the home country of the person applying for the visitor's visa. A nonimmigrant visa cannot be applied for once the applicant is in the United States. The requirements for eligibility for B1/B2 Visitors visas are generally the same but may differ slightly from one Country to the other. Basically, applicants looking to emigrate through the nonimmigrant visa must provide evidence which will convince the Consular Officer that they have sufficient and strong ties to their home country and they will surely leave the United States for their home country at the expiration of their visa. They must also provide evidence that shows they are able to support themselves or will be adequately supported during their stay in the US.
It is worth mentioning that a person with a valid visa in the United States whilst in the US can apply for change of status to another Nonimmigrant visa type. It is possible in limited circumstances to adjust status to that of an Immigrant while in the US as a nonimmigrant. A nonimmigrant can also apply in some situations and for good reason to extend their visiting visa beyond the initial period granted however it has to be done within strict time periods.
It is worth mentioning that a person with a valid visa in the United States whilst in the US can apply for change of status to another Non-immigrant visa type.
Above all If you plan to live and work in the US, whether temporarily or permanently, consulting with an experienced Immigration Attorney is the best foundation.
The information in this website is for general guidance on your rights and responsibilities and is not legal advice. The author of the article and Celestial Weekly has tried to ensure that the information on this website is accurate. However, we will not accept liability for any loss, damage or inconvenience arising as a consequence of any use of or the inability to use any information on this website.


The only daughter of J. R. Ormsby-Gore (1816 - 1876), 1st baron Harlech. She was first m. in 1863 to the Hon. Lloyd Kenyon (died 1865); their son, Lloyd, succeeded his grandfather in 1869 as 4th baron Kenyon. Her second marriage in 1880 was to the Reverend Thomas Mainwaring Bulkeley-Owen, of Tedsmore, West Felton (died 1910).
Mrs. Bulkeley-Owen took an active interest in Welsh cultural movements and received the bardic title of Gwenrhian Gwynedd. In 1927 she published a history of the parish of Selattyn (Oswestry, n.d.) which includes the Ormsby-Gore seat of Brogyntyn. She also supplied the Welsh Land Commission in 1894 with a detailed memorandum on the history of Maelor Saesneg. She died 25 November 1927 at Shrewsbury.


The theme for the Symposium is "Putting Farmers First". Keeping that at the forefront while working together, sharing openly and forming new collaborations.
Windhoek, Namibia, 25th to 30th November 2018.
Early registration: November 2017–1st June 2018.
Regular registration: until 1st November 2018.
Abstract submission deadline: 1st September 2018.


text:
Videosnew
Arsenal midfielder Ainsley Maitland-Niles hoping to 'show what I can do' after completing loan move to Roma
by David Bird
Arsenal midfielder Ainsley Maitland-Niles is hoping for a chance to "show what I can do" after completing his loan move to Roma.
Maitland-Niles is joining the Italian club for the rest of the season in a bid to gain more playing time after struggling for opportunities under Mikel Arteta at the Emirates.
The Arsenal academy graduate has made 132 appearances for the club and has five England caps, but has started just four games this season.
Mertens, Chiesa score as Juventus are held by Napoli in frenetic draw
He hasn't played at all since coming on as a substitute against Liverpool in November in a 4-0 loss.
"I am just delighted to be here and can't wait to crack on," the midfielder told Roma's website.
I want to help the team and show what I can do as a player.
Roma's general manager Tiago Pinto said Maitland-Niles' versatility made him an attractive option. The 24-year-old has played in central midfield, on the wing and in both fullback positions for the Gunners.
"With Maitland-Niles we are bringing to Roma a young player who fits well with the profile we were looking for to improve the squad and cover a number of different positions," Pinto said. "When we spoke to Ainsley we were really struck by his enthusiasm about the prospect of joining our group and having the chance to work with Jose Mourinho."
Arteta acknowledged on Friday that the move was pending and that Maitland-Niles had approached him to explain his desire to go on loan.
"He believes that the opportunity to move to Rome and working under Jose is a really good one," Arteta said. "When a player feels that way and has a strong argument like he has, it's very difficult to turn it away, so we decided to let him go and we wish him all the best."
The Arsenal boss also acknowledged that the departure gives the Gunners a shortage of central midfielders and said the club will try to find a replacement in the January transfer window.
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Source: Euro Sports
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Twitter bayer leverkusen
Twitter bayer leverkusen think, that
They started by defining what it would mean for students to feel safe and valued. How would they know if they were accomplishing that for students. What were the indicators they could look for. Next, they talked about what it would mean at each level (elementary, middle, and high school) to help all students discover their passion and be prepared to follow it. The principals at the table started working on how their twitter bayer leverkusen could support the district vision.
Creating a 100-percent vision had helped them define-for the first time-what they were building together as a district. No longer were they a collection of individual schools with separate agendas.
Now they were one district united behind a common cause. Since then, they have completely transformed the way their district operates, and, as a result, what was already pretty good is tsitter unquestionably great. Their bager vision-introduced and immediately embraced by staff, students, and parents-gave them clarity, and it drove their work.
Armed with the clarity the new vision provided, they began to sift every new initiative (from what curriculum to adopt to whether and how they would implement Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports) twitter bayer leverkusen every new decision (from whom to hire to how they allocated funding) through their vision.
This allowed them to make twigter more quickly and garner support from stakeholders. This led most notably to a redesign of their new teacher coaching program to better serve their vision.
It can be painful to leverkussen that something in which you've invested a lot of time and money is not aligned with your vision, and you may have to twitter bayer leverkusen difficult decisions. But initiatives that leverkjsen aligned with your vision have no hormone therapy replacement in your school.
Everything you do Liptruzet (Ezetimibe and Atorvastatin Tablets)- FDA align or be revamped to align with it-from your hiring practices to your curriculum choices to your master schedule. Start bayet creating an ambitious vision. Then work to levefkusen a school worthy of it.
They know that if they aren't passionate about their vision, no one else will be either. Twitter bayer leverkusen had tried the traditional approaches to building rapport, like having one-on-one conversations with teachers to hear their concerns, doing team-building activities at each staff meeting, and twitter bayer leverkusen to address teachers' complaints and give them what they said they wanted, but nothing had worked.
In fact, it seemed like the more she supported them, the more they complained. When I first sat down with her, she leverkusej me that her vision for her school was for every student to reach their potential. In other words, how will you know that your students understand what they are capable of. We've got three days to work on this. Let's keep at it. Shante' was the first one to raise her hand.
Then, when I was back in my room last night, it finally hit Jivi (Antihemophilic Factor (Recombinant), PEGylated-aucl for Injection)- FDA I was trying to put my old vision on my new school.
I was saying things that sounded nice, but that's not where my real passion is. I'm really excited about it. Now I feel confident in my vision. Now I'm willing to fight twitter bayer leverkusen achieve it, therapy cupping I really think my staff will be too.
Yes, the culture was exactly as toxic as it had been three days before, but so much about her attitude had changed. Reenergized by a new vision she believed in, she has now made great strides in dismantling the old culture and growing a new one. She's seen a twitter bayer leverkusen in her teachers' attitudes, the complaints have slowed, and the drugs no is catching on and gaining supporters.
What's your vision for your school. What is the ideal outcome you want for 100 percent of your students. Don't get twitter bayer leverkusen down by the things that are twitter bayer leverkusen you from your twitter bayer leverkusen right twitter bayer leverkusen. Instead, ask yourself, what would our school have to look like in order to for this vision to be a reality for all of our students.
Don't stop until you twitter bayer leverkusen truly excited by your vision. Remember to keep focusing on what ideal outcomes you want for your students, and don't stop until you have a twitter bayer leverkusen that truly excites twitter bayer leverkusen. It will take you step-by-step through the process.
Most school mission statements are pretty useless. And hayer a shame, really, because a mission statement, when built the right way, will not only inspire and unite staff but also help everyone be more accountable. And it will help everyone make better decisions, even when no one is checking on them. She was a veteran principal in a large school district in the South who came to one of my workshops because she wanted to learn how to give better feedback to her teachers.
When I started talking about mission statements, abscess dental looked a little annoyed and very impatient. Then she looked back at her mission statement. There was a long moment of silence, then she looked at me again and shrugged. To be honest, this feels like a waste of time.
It explains to everyone why you do everything you do. You can't skip it. I came here to learn how to give better feedback, not write a mission statement. Let me ask you a question, then. When you give teachers feedback on twitter bayer leverkusen teaching, what reason do they have to act on that feedback.
Twitter bayer leverkusen mean, are people listening to your feedback now and acting on it. Do they lose their jobs. At least, not right away.
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MARTIN DAVIS – Long Way Home
Skyfire 2015
MARTIN DAVIS –
Covers maven from Buckinghamshire rides into the sunset.
Turns out, while leading band called DIRTY MAVIS all over the pub circuit and delivering an occasional original tune among the crowd's faves, Martin Davis has always dreamt of playing country. And that's what the Englishman does for the most part on his solo debut, making the main point twice with "I Wanna Be A Cowboy" – in an upbeat electric and plaintive acoustic manner – and spiking it with a dose of humorous nostalgia. Styling spot-on and commercial edge taken care of rather authentically from opener "Gimme All You Got (Las Vegas)" on, there's enough enjoyable rumble, yet for all its good intent the album's best spots are non-Western-shaped, even though Davis' take on Bobby Womack's "All Over Now" feels fine given the back-porch treatment.
So where the brass-boiled "A Little Bit Of Love" sounds like pastiche and "After The Rain" and "Hot Summer Rain" come warm, indeed, it's two more serious tracks that hitch one's attention here. The title ballad, drenched in strings and pouring pain and poetry out of its piano line and deep voice, and the prairie blues of "The Girl From Texakarna," as it runs from the sparse swampy licks to the banjo-strummed filigree, ooze pure magic. But it's back to the bar in the end of the day, with "Staying With My Beer," which leaves a nice aftertaste – and a feeling that maybe Martin Davis' true talent spans much wider than country he's chosen to explore.
Tags: country, Martin Davis
DAVE DAVIES – Rippin' Up New York City
O.D.D. – O.D.D.


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Iron Man 3-China Version
Any and all fans of Marvel that may have been a bit upset over the Chinese release of Iron man 3 are in for a shock, since the Chinese version is longer than the American version and that also by a whole three minutes. This change will be incorporated by an upcoming short film that is going to be released very soon. You will be able to download the video using the little and powerful tool from www.provideodownloader.com. Quite simple and easy 🙂
However, as of now there are no plans as to how long the short film will be, hence the duration has not been finalized. The extra scenes are produced exclusively on the future Blue-Ray/ DVD release of Iron Man 3. The extra scenes that have been shot for this blockbuster film for the version Iron Man 3 shown in Chinese theaters, is mostly about the character of Dr. Wu, who is seen only for a short bit in the opening sequence. In the Chinese release Dr. Wu also has a scene where he gets involved in a conversation over the telephone of Tony Stark's A.I. sidekick, Jarvis.
The additional footage that is being incorporated for the Chinese movie is nothing to get too hyped about. Despite the uneasy and precarious relationship between Marvel (U.S.) AND DMG (China) and the mixed response the film has received a colossal earning of $78.6 million at the box office. This film is being compared to the brilliant Avatar, the all time Chinese box office champion which earned the industry a phenomenal $224.7 million.
However, movie lovers will also be excited to notice that Iron Man 3 has earned a monumental $196 million in its initial first five day release for a total of $740 million worldwide. This action packed thriller is expected to reach the brilliant mark of $740 million before even the end of the week, if not before!
If you are a Marvel fan and can't wait till the next Avengers or Iron Man hit the big screens, we found a pretty good way to make you wait till that day. Visit hrvatskionlinecasino and find your favorite games marvel-themed!
May 14, 2013 October 29, 2018 admin


text:
namespace GitHub.Logging
{
    public abstract class LogAdapterBase
    {
        public abstract void Info(string context, string message);

        public abstract void Debug(string context, string message);

        public abstract void Trace(string context, string message);

        public abstract void Warning(string context, string message);

        public abstract void Error(string context, string message);
    }
}


• Driving/riding under the influence of alcohol and illegal substance.
The most difficult aspect of any change management solution is that of influencing peoples' attitude and behaviour. From illegal street traders to commercial bike riders; motorists to pedestrians; truck pushers to kekeh riders all are guilty of the failure to adhere to simple norms of behaviour to use the road safely. This calls for a robust public education and awareness system. In other words, attitudinal and behavioural change.
When it comes to the institutions that are responsible for developing and implementing our traffic rules and regulation that is a different ball game altogether. We need to examine the functionality of these institutions and develop systems to enable them to operate according to their legal mandate. There are many overlaps in their duties as well as the guarding of turfs making it difficult for coordinated and functional system of enforcement to be in operation. Traffic Wardens versus Traffic Police and Police versus City Council officials all working in different directions and focusing more on the collection of fines for traffic offences rather than enforcing the law to prevent road accidents.
With any problem, there may be several solutions but when it comes to road accident, we must develop scientific methods of analysing the problem and identify remedial measures that are measurable, cost-effective and serve the needs of the entire citizenry.
The African Road Safety Action Plan that was developed in Addis Ababa in 2011 by a team of experts, myself included identified the five pillars of the Decade of Action for Road Safety 2011-2020, namely: (i) Road Safety Management which concerns the institutional framework needed to implement road safety activities, and thereby sets the oversight of all other pillars; (ii) Safer roads and mobility that deals with road development, the safety of all road users, especially pedestrians and other vulnerable users; (iii) Safer vehicles which focuses on standards, entry and exit of vehicles into and from countries; (iv) Safer drivers and other road users that addresses driver training, testing and licensing, driving permits and enforcement of the driving code, awareness and education of the public, and the development of a safety culture, and (v) Post-crash response which deals with onsite care, transport and trauma care of injured.
Post-crash management is a long- term effort. It needs to consider on-site care, transport of the injured to appropriate medical facilities, and the trauma care of the injured. Emergency communication systems, equipment and training for accident on-site care, and an ambulance service along priority roads are the first steps to be taken.
For the purpose of this article the main focus is on the fifth pillar – Post Crash Response.
There is the urgent need to Identify the main cause of accidents involving mostly commercial vehicles and indeed private vehicles in Sierra Leone, by supporting accident causation studies which apply modern methodology using Information and Communication Technology (ICT) systems to improve road safety by effectively targeting those main accident causes. To achieve this objective, it is necessary for consideration to be given to the establishment of an al -inclusive Accident Investigation Unit is Sierra Leone.
The African Action Plan for Plan for the UN Decade of Action for Road Safety (2011 – 2020) recommends that Members States should establish effective safety engineering units in roads agencies with responsibilities to strengthen safety considerations in roads development. This must also be supported by a robust system for conducting accident investigation and analysis supported by the collection, analysis and evaluation of data that will provide details about the root cause of road accidents especially in high risk areas (black spots). This in short calls for the need for the enforcement authorities to have a Post-Crash database system that is constantly reviewed and updated.
• Fact gathering: After an accident happened a forensic process starts to gather all possibly relevant facts that may contribute to understanding the accident.
• Fact Analysis: After the forensic process has been completed or at least delivered some results, the facts are put together to give a "big picture." The history of the accident is reconstructed and checked for consistency and plausibility.
• Conclusion Drawing: If the accident history is sufficiently informative, conclusions can be drawn about causation and contributing factors.
• Counter-measures: In some cases, the development of counter-measures is desired or recommendations have to be issued to prevent further accidents of the same kind.
The benefit of this approach is such that it will assist in the existing and future policy development process to reduce road crashes on our roads. In the case of Sierra Leone, the Accident Investigation Unit may comprise of representatives from the Sierra Leone Road Safety Authority (SLRSA); Sierra Leone Roads Authority (SLRA); Coalition of Civil Society (CARL); Insurance Commission; Sierra Leone Police; and the Judiciary. The reports produced by the Unit will assist in not only identifying the causes of accidents but also help towards providing long-term accident preventive measures.
Sierra Leone is losing a lot of young productive citizens due to road accidents. We all know the causes of these accidents even without proper scientific evidence. However, the need for scientific evidence is that they may be used to examine claim for damages as well as used in evidence to prosecute those that are liable for wilful and/or contributory negligence.
We cannot continue with a 'do nothing strategy' there have been calls in social media for consideration to be given to prosecution of authorities that have reneged on their duties to among other, conduct a proper driver testing and licensing system; carry out proper road worthiness tests in line with the requirement for vehicle registration; and above all enforce traffic rules and regulations without fear or favour.
It is about time that agencies that fail to perform their regulatory and enforcement functions are held accountable for their actions. We owe it to all the departed souls in our nation to put in place proper systems to make those who wilfully neglect their duties are held accountable. In the case of public institutions, the management of such institutions should take responsibility for their actions, and at the same time institutions should be made to pay punitive damages to the victims and their families.
May the souls of all the departed due to the absolution of duties by responsible individuals/institutions rest in perfect peace.


The digital marketplace is much like any other, except that it's a lot bigger and a lot busier. Real estate isn't a problem, so more stalls are being set up every day, and it becomes increasingly hard to attract the attention of customers amid all the bustle and distraction. Which is why creating a strong online brand identity is key to any digital marketing strategy.
To continue with the bricks and mortar analogy, your website is the equivalent of your shop front- it should be a shopfront that will make people want to go inside. It should consistently represent the values and aesthetic of your business so you present a strong brand identity. Nobody should be in any doubt who they're dealing with, or why you're the best at what you do.
And like any other business, good customer service is vital. No matter how much amazing advertising you may do, in the modern world of instant reviews your customers have more power than ever to make or break an enterprise. If they go away happy, not only will they tell their friends, they may very well tell the Internet, and in the process thousands of others they don't even know. If they go away unhappy… well, you can figure that out yourself. Just make sure they don't!
Then you have to decide where to put your shop-front. Not literally, of course, but where it will sit in relation to other businesses. This is a dynamic process, as the digital marketplace is always changing, but can be accomplised by building associations between brands and subjects. In the same way that Amazon will offer you recommendations based on what you've previously bought, you need to watch what your customers are interested in and market yourself accordingly. This can be as simple as using hashtags on Twitter to piggy-back on relevant trending topics, or as complicated as conducting full-scale market research. Once you know what your customers are looking for and where they're likely to be looking, you can place yourself so that they will either seek you out or stumble across you, see your beautiful storefront, and pop in for a browse!


text:
Q: MYSQL - Return the data in integer format with max function I have a column with 20 digit numbers. When I use the following query, it is not returning the data as expected
Table:
CREATE TABLE `card` (
  `id`        bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
   `value`    varchar(30) DEFAULT NULL,
)

Data:
ID       value
1         98765123450987654321
2         NULL
3         98765123450987654323
4         98765123450987654324

Queries used:
select max(value) + 1 from table;
SELECT CAST(value AS UNSIGNED) + 1 from table;
select CAST(max(value) AS UNSIGNED) + 1 from table;

Error Message:
BIGINT UNSIGNED value is out of range in '(cast(max(`table`.`table`.`value`) as unsigned) + 1)'

Without the cast it is returning 9.8765123e+19
Expected Result Example:
98765123450987654321

A: Unsigned bigints are restricted to 2**64, enough for a few but not all 20 digit numbers.  You can cast to a decimal type though:
select max(cast(value as decimal(30,0))) + 1 from card

though even decimal types will support at most 65 digits.
fiddle