text:
Water War Chronology
Ultimate Consequences
Carwil without Borders
dispatches across boundaries of states, and states of mind
Category: In Translation
The Senkata Massacre: Considerations on how the state legitimizes repression
January 12, 2020 Carwil Bjork-JamesLeave a comment
This article was published online by Guido Alejo. Thanks to an anonymous researcher's translation work, I am sharing it here in English. While written just five days after the deadly day of military shootings that broke up protests in Senkata, a residential area on the edge of El Alto that is the site of La Paz department's largest oil and gas supply depot. This essay provides the deepest look at the narrative put forward by the government of Jeanine Áñez to justify the killings of at least ten civilians, the deadliest act of state violence in Bolivia since 2003.
Prior coverage of the Senkata massacre on this blog includes: Inter-American Commission puts a spotlight on Sacaba, Senkata massacres (Dec 19, 2019); "Three hours of terror in Senkata" (a translation of a Dec 2, 2019, newspaper account); and Deaths during Bolivia's 2019 crisis: An initial analysis (Jan 4, 2020). Additional eyewitness coverage in Spanish includes: Jhocelin Caspa Sarzuri's "Senkata, una de las zonas de El Alto, fue escenario de otra cruda represión desatada por el ejército y la policía de Bolivia," November 22, 2019; Testimonies before the Inter-American Commision on Human Rights' mission to Bolivia, November 24, 2019; and several accounts (1|2|3) by journalist Fernando Oz, who was in Senkata that day. David Inca, of the Permanent Assembly for Human Rights–Bolivia's El Alto chapter, discusses Senkata in this interview published in Portuguese: "na Bolívia temos uma agressão cruel e covarde aos direitos humanos," published Dec 12, 2019.
The most tragic event of El Alto's recent history happened on November 19, the Senkata Massacre in which 9 Bolivian citizens died. The massacre was part of the post-electoral conflicts which led to the assumption of the presidency by Jeanine Áñez and the marches demanding her resignation. Many of these were led by remaining MAS leaders but the mobilised population didn't necessarily support these interests.
There was a parallel symbolic struggle taking place, the construction of a discourse and story that hegemonizes the collective imagination and imposes itself over the fragments of another, subaltern story. Within this comes a strengthening discourse about the [subaltern] contender in the struggle: the sense of inferiorization of that contender, the trivialization of their reaction, the simplification of their being, their dehumanisation… Only in this way will the remainder of the population accept an oppressive imposition even at the cost of their own freedoms, in this way the death of the construed opponent will become tolerable, even desired. Consequently, the central government has claimed for itself moral superiority, the ownership of the absolute truth, and the legitimate use of force.
The Liquified Petroleum Gas plant in Senkata is a strategic location because it provisions the city of La Paz with fuel and gas for cooking. In the conflicts of the past few years, occupants of the area have blockaded the plant to put pressure on the state so that their demands be met. This time, the demand was the resignation of the current president and mayor and the annulment of Supreme Decree 4082 (exempting the military from criminal responsibility in "operations to restore order"). The blockade began on November 9, two days before the resignation of Evo Morales. Initially, the action was coordinated by MAS leaders. However, as the days passed, the MAS -upporting leadership of the FEJUVE was rejected and the movement became more heterogeneous and therefore cannot be catalogued as purely partisan.
The official version of the facts
The media environment was elaborated by the state [which saw] the ghosts of Cuban and Venezuelan interventionists, drug traffickers and illicit groups in the [geographic] center of the country (something which cannot be denied, but will it be relevant in the case of Senkata?), the profile of the blockading protester was categorised as "vandals, alcoholics and looters" and as a reason for the massacre, the profile of "terrorist" was coined as well. All this discourse is supported in a media account on the part of some television and radio stations alongside an intense social media campaign looking to show the protester as inferior.
"Three hours of terror in Senkata"
January 3, 2020 January 4, 2020 Carwil Bjork-JamesLeave a comment
There has been relatively little in-depth journalistic coverage of the sequence of events at the blockaded Senkata refinery, which ended in the deadliest day in Bolivian political conflict since 2008. This report is a significant exception. The article was originally published as "Las 3 horas de terror que sufrieron en Senkata," by Jorge Quispe, La Razón, December 2, 2019. The photos shown below accompanied the original article; their captions are also translated from the original article.
In October 2003, a convoy that would later be named as "the death caravan" outwitted the blockade at the Senkata plant. On Tuesday, November 19 [of this year], between 10:20 and 10:30am, [blockading] Alteños tried to prevent fifty tankers from exiting their cordon. The result was fatal.
Pedestrian overpass from which soldiers had fired. Photo: Álvaro Valero
On Saturday, November 9, ten days before the 19th, the neighbors of District 8, which includes Senkata, were the first to follow the El Alto Neighborhood Council Federation's instructions and blockade their main road, which leads to Oruro. Days later, the blockade was transferred to the hydrocarbon plant, which supplies natural gas, gasoline, and diesel to La Paz and El Alto.
That Tuesday morning, there were only a few neighbors taking part in the vigil at the gates of the Yacimientos Petrolíferos Fiscales Bolivianos (YPFB) installation, which is an hour's walk away from the Ceja [the central market in El Alto], since (according to leader Juan Luis Chipana) a dialogue had begun to bring [the protesters] closer to the new government.
The majority of the people were at the Senkata Crossing, in the heart of the giant El Alto neighborhood, but at around 10:20, they could see in the distance a cloud of smoke near the plant. The news spread like wildfire. "The tankers are escaping!," they shouted.
The protesters ran towards the plant, some fifteen minutes away from the Senkata Crossing, arrived there, and were received by a rain of tear gas fired by some fifty policemen. Some tried to set up and light bonfires, other looked for stones, and the boldest among them threw the gas canisters back. That was the first moment in this tense day.
After 11:15, the crowd surrounded the Senkata plant. And so began the second moment of that fatal day. Some of them threw stones at the windows and entry gates of the facility, but others, in groups of 20 or 30 people, appeared along the perimeter wall and began to push. That his how seven sections of that wall fell, the largest hole being 100 meters long, and the smallest some ten meters.
A segment of the pushed-over wall; the site remains guaraded today.
At that instant, according to family members [of those killed], witnesses, and David Inca, the representative of the Permanent Assembly of Human Rights of Bolivia (Asamblea Permanente de Derechos Humanos de Bolivia, APDHB), the shots began. "The people recounted that from behind the wall, they began to launch tear gas over it, the people appeared, and pushed and made the wall fall. That is when the military troops came out directly to shoot," as the activist Inca described.
One of the first victims, according to the family member, was Edwin Jamachi. "He left the house to cash a check and passed by the [Senkata] plant where he was shot," recounted his sister, who for fear of reprisals did not give her name. The loved ones of those killed, wounded, and detained are fearful, because they believe that they may be accused of sedition.
Shots. Between 11:00 and 12:00, according to his family members, Clemente Mamani also died.
"Clemente was shot near the rail (the old railway that passes by 50 meters from the plant). That happened after the tankers had gotten out, he wasn't even blockading," detailed another family member who requested anonymity.
Families of the dead in the San Francisco parish church.
The people ran to the left, close to the old rail line; others to the right, towards the town of Achocalla, and many retreated towards the Senkata Crossing, where the blockade was born on November 9.
The third moment came between 12:00 and 1:30pm, according to the version related by Inca and the families of those wounded and killed. "The military troops came out of the plant towards the pedestrian bridge (in the center of Senkata) to carry out the work of dispersing [the crowd], advancing and firing gas canisters. Others fired their guns," Inca denounced. According to the APDHB representative, there were 60 wounded and at least 11 killed (a girl died on Wednesday). Officially, there are ten known deaths.
"The helicopter that was flying over Senkata also fired gas," affirms a family member of Juan José Tenorio, another of the victims that may have died near that pedestrian bridge. Others were wounded on the highway that leads to Vela Bridge. "A bullet passed through the arm and the right leg of my wife," described a husband of one of those wounded.
Some victims fell near the plant and others by the Senkata Crossing and the San Francisco de Asís parish. "My son Pedro Quisbert died near the church," his mother said.
The long night of Tuesday, November 19, while five bodies were laid out under veils in the parish, Defense Minister Fernando López assured the public that not one shot was fired by the Armed Forces. … The Forensic Investigations Institute (Instituto de Investigaciones Forenses; IDIF) reported in La Paz that four of the dead in El Alto were wounded with 22mm and 9mm bullets. They ruled out [standard issue] military munitions.
On Tuesday November 26, Wilson Santamaría, the new Vice Minister of Citizen Security, said that after viewing the security cameras at Senkata, they identified the use of explosive by some blockaders and that some of them were not from El Alto.
Inter-American Commission puts a spotlight on Sacaba, Senkata massacres
December 19, 2019 January 3, 2020 Carwil Bjork-JamesLeave a comment
The Inter-American Commission on Human Rights, which visited Bolivia November 22 to 25, has released a visually and emotionally arresting video that highlights the testimony of survivors of the Bolivian government's massacres of protesters in the town of Sacaba and the El Alto neighborhood of Senkata. The video interweaves survivors' pleas with crowd shouts for "justice" and does far more to humanize the participants in protests than nearly any coverage in the mainstream Bolivian press. (Click on "CC" for English subtitles, and on "vimeo" to see a larger version.)
The Commission's report on its visit, currently available only in Spanish, includes extensive discussion of these two massacres. What follows is my translation of a relevant portion of their text:
Massacres and murders
In the context of the crisis, and as of November 27, the IACHR received news of 36 people who lost their lives in Bolivia. During its visit, the IACHR delegation received abundant information about two massacres committed in Sacaba and in Senkata, on November 15 and 19, respectively, in which at least 18 people lost their lives.
The Sacaba massacre occurred on November 15. The Commission received information from witnesses, according to which members of the Six Federations of the Tropic of Cochabamba arrived in a peaceful demonstration to the Sacaba municipality, demanding the return of Evo Morales to the government and recject the interim government. At the Huayllani bridge, located at kilometer 10 of the highway from Cochabamba, the combined forces of the Police and Armed Forces had established a security cordon. At the moment the demonstrators attempted to pass through, they were first contained and told verbally that the Human Rights Ombudsman's Office (Defensoría del Pueblo) was on its way to mediate; nevertheless, according to information received, a few moments later the police and military agents would open fire against the civilian population gathered there, which they also would attack with tear gas, beatings, and kicks. In these acts, nine people were killed: Omar Calle, César Sipe, Juan López, Emilio Colque, Lucas Sánchez, Plácido Rojas Delgadillo, Armando Carvallo Escobar, Marco Vargas Martínez, and Roberto Sejas. Numerous people were wounded, including by bullets, who were received by various hospitals in Sacaba and Cochabamba.
The commission takes note of the existence of different versions of how these events unfolded. On one hand, some state authorities, including the Forensic Investigation Unit (Instituto de Investigaciones Forenses; IDIF) and the police command, have accused the demonstrators of having shot one another, proposing reasons such as the caliber of the bullets that were recovered from the bodies of the dead and wounded. On the other hand, the numerous testimonies received by the IACHR are consistent in indicating that the demonstrating people were unarmed, advanced peacefully by their own initiative, and were attacked with fire arms, teargas canisters, batons, and other weapons by the security forces, in a sudden and surprising manner. Security force helicopters participated in the operation, as even the Police Commander of Cochabamba testified before the IACHR.
The Senkata massacre occurred on November 19. According to information received, a group of partisans of the MAS carried out a blockade around the oil and gas plant of the Senkata sector, in El Alto. That morning, sixty container trucks of gasoline and natural gas were allowed to leave the plant, after which the demonstrators had knocked down one of the walls on the perimeter of the plant, at which time they were contained by the firearms of the combined forces of the Police and Army. In these acts, nine people were killed by gunshots: Devi Posto Cusi, Pedro Quisberth Mamani, Edwin Jamachi Paniagua, José Colque Patty, Juan José Tenorio Mamani, Antonio Ronald Quispe, Clemente Mamani Santander, Rudy Cristian Vásquez Condori, and Calixto Huanacu Aguilar. Among those who were killed are several people who do not seem to have participated in the blockade, but rather were simply passing through the zone on the way to their homes or workplaces. There were also numerous people wounded by gunshots, beatings, inhalation of gas, and other related causes, who were attended in various hospitals in El Alto. Just as in the Sacaba massacre, some public functionaries, both forensic and police, have questioned whether the bullets that killed these citizens had been shot by the regulation weapons of the security forces. With respect to that, according to public declarations and those made before the IACHR, insistently reiterated by the victims themselves, these people were publicly demonstrating without violence and were the object of repression by state agents using firearms. There have also been public denunciations of the disappearance over various lifeless bodies of people who had died in the the same massacre, which would have been taken by state agents so that no one would have word of these dead people. In particular, cases of [such disappearances] denounced before the IACHR include that of a peasant woman, and of a girl around 12 years old, among others. The victims of this massacre consistently signal that the number of those killed is much more than the nine that have been reported up to now.
The Inter-American Commission on Human Rights emphatically condemns the massacres of Sacaba and Senkata, in which [the perpetrators] incurred in grave violations of human rights. According to the Commission's criteria, these acts can be characterized as massacres given the number of people who lost their lives in the same way, time, and place, and because they were committed against a specific group of people. In addition, the patterns of the wounds that have been recorded offer serious indications of practices of extrajudicial execution. The right to life, protected under the American Convention [on Human Rights], is inviolable, and due to its essential character is the precondition for the exercise of all other human rights. The organs of the Inter-American System [of Human Rights] have reiterated that the use of force by the state must be bound by the principles of exceptionality, legality, necessity, and proportionality. As well, the Bolivian state is reminded that lethal force many not be used merely to maintain or re-institute public order; only protection of life itself and physical integrity against imminent and real threats is a legitimate objective for the application of deadly force by state agents. In this sense, the IACHR urges the [Bolivian] state to immediately and urgently implement mechanisms to prohibit and effectively impede the use of lethal force as a control measure for public order in cases of public demonstrations. The Commission also reiterates that firearms and their munitions must be excluded from control operations of social protest, and that police or military functionaries that may enter into contact with a demonstration should not carry fire arms or other lethal weapons. Additionally, the Commission urges the state to rapidly carry out its international obligation to investigate, judge, and sanction those responsible for these criminal acts.
Image above: Relatives of Antonio Quispe lead the procession of the victims killed during clashes with police at the Senkata fuel plant. Photograph: Getty Images.
Division in El Alto follows militant anti-coup protests
November 18, 2019 Carwil Bjork-JamesLeave a comment
Following the forced resignation of Evo Morales last Sunday, El Alto has taken a unique path. The city of one million people maybe the most indigenous large city in the world: 76% Aymara and 9% Quechua in the lastest census. United in by the September and October 2003 protests, it ensured the downfall of Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada, the last hardline Bolivian president to order deadly repression on a massive scale. Ever since, El Alto has a reputation for ethnic and working-class militancy. And yet this very militancy is often radically skeptical of political parties, prone to division, and adverse to being a pawn in others' games.
And so, the city's reaction to Morales' overthrow has been complicated. Some angry crowds have circulated at night, targeting police installations, infrastructure, and other politically connected targets in self-proclaimed resistance to the coup. (An incendiary text by Ivan Apaza Calle, "They are not Evo supporters! They are Alteños, dammit!," takes up this position.) As I've described on Twitter, these protest cut a wide swath of property destruction, especially on the first night of November 10. These attacks seemed destined to deepen divisions rather than unite Alteños in a common effort.
Last night, supporters of Evo Morales burned these public transit buses. They are Puma Katari cross-town buses built by the center-left government in La Paz and their name is a nod to indigenous revival.https://t.co/9VIUhMKFkZ
— Carwil Bjork-James (@CarwilBJ) November 11, 2019
Also burned last night: the El Alto city hall and the home of Mayor Soledad Chapetón. Chapetón is an Aymara woman who is with the opposition Unidad Nacional party. https://t.co/l0dCdfJpF9
Other daytime protest events have mobilized "in defense of the wiphala," but with more ambiguous views on President Morales himself. Judith Apaza wrote "So we can understand each other a bit…" from within this context.
A substantial but not overwhelmingly large cabildo of the mobilized, claiming to represent El Alto's 14 districts and La Paz department's 20 provinces met Saturday in El Alto. The gathering, which numbered in the low thousands, made a broad list of national and local demands, including the resignations of both Jeanine Añez and Soledad Chapetón.
The circulating crowds, property destruction and arson, have left other Alteños terrorized and there are many testimonial and interpersonal reports of neighborhoods dwelling in fear of overnight reprisals on them. For an example see, "El Alto overnight: Bolivia seems to be an animal that chases its tail." This weekend, this perspective emerged into a public current of dissension from the stance of hardline mobilization. Alteños are divided between a pro-MAS-IPSP Federation of Neighborhood Councils (FEJUVE) and an opposition FEJUVE contestaria that organizes separately. Some of these divisions have already proved very costly in human lives, notably in the 2016 protest and arson at El Alto's city hall, which killed six people.
La Razón reported Saturday:
Since that day [November 9], mobilizations with blockades began and there were actions by groups engaging in vandalism who burned almost all of the police stations.
In opposition, the alternate FEJUVE, led by Néstor Yujra, instructed [its constituents] to raise the wiphala in their homes and asked the neighbors to take actions to safeguard their homes, making it clear that the sector does not support any political party.
The lootings divided many neighborhoods. Hence, in many sectors, it was decided not to march or blockade.
The first to demonstrate their rejection [of the "citywide" blockade] were the neighbors of Villa Esperanza, who resolved not to participate in marches or blockades. They were followed in this determination by the Pacajes-Caluyo zone, whose inhabitants decided to go out and un-block the roadways. A similar decision was undertaken by the October 12 neighborhood. The Túpac Katari neighborhood, who de-recognized their [pro-blockade] leadership and Huayna Potosí zone (Porvenir sector) who rejected "being used by MAS partisans."
Another sector resisting the mobilization by the FEJUVE leadership is District 3. There, barricades have been put up and every night there are vigils to safeguard the Integral Police Station, which is the only one that has not been burned down.
http://www.la-razon.com/nacional/Divergencias-surgen-El_Alto-respecto-movilizaciones_0_3258874098.html
El Alteño newspaper ran the headline "El Alto closes week of protest divided" today. It also reports that neighbors pleading for peace marched with white flags on the city's Avenida Cívica. Aside from these demobilization initatives, there are statements and manifestos like this feminist text rejecting the "fascism" of Jeanine Añez while refusing any partisan takeovers of grassroots organizations.
EL FASCISMO NO PASARÁ
Nosotras, mujeres organizadas, paceñas, alteñas, feministas, hijas de mujeres indígenas, campesinas, obreras, urbanas, ante el avance fascista en Bolivia, más acuerpadas que nunca, de pie y presentes nos Pronunciamos #Bolivia, #LaPaz #ElAlto pic.twitter.com/Fngqsw9rnH
— Salvaginas (@Salvaginass) November 16, 2019
Each region and city in Bolivia seems to have a different dynamic at the moment. Just as the national situation is reaching its bleakest moment yet, this pivotal city is working out its own longstanding divisions. It remains to be seen whether and how Alteños can claim the political initiative, and participate in an effective struggle to keep the gains they have won and reverse the damage currently being done.
El Alto overnight: "Bolivia seems to be an animal that chases its tail"
November 18, 2019 November 18, 2019 Carwil Bjork-JamesLeave a comment
Since the forced resignation of Evo Morales, angry crowds have circulated in El Alto at night, targeting police installations, infrastructure, and other politically connected targets in self-proclaimed resistance to the coup. The circulating crowds, property destruction and arson, have left other Alteños terrorized and there are many testimonial and interpersonal reports of neighborhoods dwelling in fear of overnight reprisals on them. Thus, just as some foreign media outlets have celebrated El Alto as a heroic center of resistance, many of the updates coming directly from the city speak of fear, uncertainty, and division. Neighbors debate how they will respond to calls to mobilize that also paralyze and sometimes damage the city they live in. They debate risks to their own lives, reprisals from those who insist on mobilization, and the presence or lack of a common purpose with political parties like the MAS. This unease came into public focus this weekend in El Alto, and is also present in the writings coming out of the county.
I offer a brief text here that gives the flavor of such late night conversations in an uncertain time. Anthropologist Amy Kennemore (@KennemoreAmy) has translated this text by Rodrigo Urquila Flores shared via El Alto-based Colectivo Curva. It first appeared here in Spanish.
Since one (o'clock), we are in the streets of the neighborhood, in vigil, because we didn't want them to surprise us.
It's been years since I attended a neighborhood meeting. The one yesterday at night was carried out in emergency because of the panic that we lived the day before.
Yes, there were people disguised as police. Yes, when they spoke foreign accents were recognized, presumably Venezuelans. And they seemed to know the territory well.
A woman told us that around noon, when she was preparing lunch for her family, someone beat on the door of her house. It was a tall man, all dressed in black, with a black helmet on too, on a motorcycle. He had a foreign accent she told us, and only asked vague questions, pointing to the closest light pole: "Does this light pole work well?" Scared, she responded; "Yes, youngster," and took refuge in her house. Several neighbors, in the meeting, called him out at the same time for not having advised, to catch him between everyone. The motorcycle went away and didn't return.
Another neighbor shared that he had to pay someone fees of their debt in a bank. All of the branches nearby were closed and he had to go all the way to the center with his wife and baby. Paid. Later, he saw an agglomeration of protestors, the majority of whom were Alteños, by Camacho Avenue. He wanted to get close. A policeman told him he should not take children to the march, that it was better that he went to his house and he wasn't able to go further. "Then, a choca[1] passed, similar to the president [Áñez] and she said to my woman, 'What are you doing here shitty chola,[2]' and I responded, 'What happened to you lady, are you drunk or drugged?' And the police saw but they didn't do anything." When he finished speaking, there was concern. And shared pain. Until someone said "But not all qharas (white people) are like that, you have to turn the other cheek too, certainly this choca was ignorant, don't pay attention to them."
What can we do to get closer to all Bolivians? How to educate ourselves, to put ourselves in the place of the other?
Those that since victory do not do so resoundingly, they understand that there are joys that can hurt the losers, they understand that there is not a total victory unless it is a victory for all. And that the apparent losers of today can be the victorious tomorrow, again. And thus, the eternal circle, Bolivia seems to be an animal that chases its tail always, of the national absurdity.
[1] Colloquial term for person who has features associated with whiteness.
[2] In the Andean region, term referring traditional clothing worn by Aymara women.
Bolivia enters nightmare scenario with Sacaba massacre, impunity decree, threatened detentions of MAS-IPSP leadership
November 17, 2019 January 3, 2020 Carwil Bjork-JamesLeave a comment
Given the fast pace of events in Bolivia, my most responsive and up-tod-date commentary is available on Twitter, where I tweet as @CarwilBJ. However, it's time for a brief summary of the disastrous, unfolding scenario.
President Jeanine Añez, a right-wing senator took power in a parliamentary maneuver late on Tuesday, November 12. A political unknown whose party Bolivia Dice No had received just 4% of the vote on October 20, Añez had a very limited mandate, both from the three-week mass movement that unseated Evo Morales and under the Bolivian constitution: restore public trust in the electoral system and convene elections within 90 days. Instead, Añez has presided over a rapid and deadly slide towards authoritarian rule that echoes the worst moments of early 2000s uprisings, 1988–2005 drug war, and the mass detentions that followed military coups in 1980 and 1981.
Three unmistakable signs of this disastrous turn have come this weekend:
The Sacaba Massacre: The mass shooting came amid police repression that wounded over 100 protesters at Huayllani Bridge, nine of whom were killed, in Sacaba (Cochabamba Department) on Friday. The shooting came about when military troops armed with guns replaced police who were keeping a coca growers' march from entering the town on the east side of the Cochabamba metropolis. According to reporters on the scene, police teargassing touched off a two-hour confrontation. Security forces have claimed that some in the crowd had guns and fired them, showing several bullet holes in police windows. Journalists estimate that "nearly ten" police were evacuated from the scene for injuries; evidently, none of them have bullet wounds. The police have recovered a single shotgun and five bullets. Meanwhile their use of force was overwhelming, caused massive injuries, and ended nine civilian lives. Opinión offers the most complete initial narrative of the day (es).
Autopsies have confirmed that all nine people killed died from gunshot wounds; ballistic analysis was not yet complete as of Saturday. The dead in Sacaba are:
Armando Carballo Escobar, de 25 años, falleció por un trauma torácico penetrante por Proyectil de Arma de Fuego (PAF).
Plácido Rojas Delgadillo, de 18 años, murió por shock hipovolémico, trauma hepático y trauma torácico abdominal penetrante por PAF.
Omar Calle Siles, de 26 años, falleció por choque hipovolémico por hemorragia interna, laceración cardiaca por traumatismo y PAF.
Lucas Sánchez Valencia, de 43 años, falleció laceración encefálica y traumatismo cráneo facial por PAF.
Emilio Colque, de 21 años, murió por choque hemorrágico, laceración de órganos vitales y trauma torácico por PAF.
Juan López Apaza, de 34 años, falleció por shock hemorrágico, laceración aortica y trauma torácico penetrante por PAF.
César Sipe Mérida, de 18 años, murió por choque hipovolémico y traumatismo abdominal por PAF.
Marco Vargas Martínez, se desconoce su edad, falleció por lesión de centros nerviosos superiores, laceración de masa encefálica y trauma cráneo encefálico por PAF.
Roberto Sejas Escobar, de 28 años, murió por laceración de masa encefálica y traumatismo cráneo encefálico por PAF.
https://www.opinion.com.bo/articulo/cochabamba/autopsias-confirman-personas-murieron-armas-fuego/20191116211426737221.html
With at least 19 deaths, November has now become the deadliest month in Bolivian political conflict since October 2003, the time of the Gas War under Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada. Deaths in the current crisis initially occurred among civilians, but in recent days a clear pattern of military gunfire killing civilians has become the predominant cause of death.
Supreme Decree exempts military from prosecution: Saturday afternoon, Añez signed Supreme Decree 4078. Among other provisions, it exempts the military from criminal prosecution for actions carried out during the current efforts to "restore order" in the country:
Personnel of the Armed Forces who participate in the operations to restore internal order and public stability will be exempted from criminal responsibility when, acting in fulfillment of their functions, they act in legitimate defense or out of necessity.
El personal de las Fuerzas Armadas, que participe en los operativos para el restablecimiento del orden interno y estabilidad pública estará exento de responsabilidad penal cuando en cumplimiento de sus funciones, actúen en legítima defensa o estado de necesidad
https://www.lostiempos.com/actualidad/pais/20191116/decreto-exime-ffaa-responsabilidad-penal-caso-legitima-defensa-estado
La @CIDH alerta para el Decreto Supremo No. 4078 sobre actuación de FF.AA. en #Bolivia, de fecha 15 de nov 2019. El Decreto pretende eximir de responsabilidad penal al personal de FF.AA. que participe en los operativos para reestablecimiento y estabilidad del orden interno. (1/3) pic.twitter.com/297pEsNTVd
— CIDH – IACHR (@CIDH) November 16, 2019
While the decree technically reiterates the validity of exisitng guidelinse on the use of force, this exemption effectively eliminates any penalties for systematic human rights abuses, up to and including murder. Passing it the day after the Sacaba massacre only underscores how shameless and violent the Añez government is.
Crackdown announced on MAS-IPSP leadership: Today, Sunday November 17, Minister of Government Arturo Murillo announced he will detain MAS-IPSP legislators for "sedition" and "subversion" (effectively, for supporting anti-government protests), starting this week. The MAS-IPSP legislative delegation, who still hold a majority in both house (and won a continuing majority in the October elections) had emerged as a center of moderation and calm this week. On Thursday, November 14, they called for "mobilized sectors of social movements to allow us to achieve peace" and asked "equally, of the Armed Forces and the police: no bullets, please." The Sacaba massacre was a grim response.
Over the weekend, the same legislators issued a call for the full Senate and Chamber of Deputies to hold sessions on Tuesday (Noveber 19) to convene new elections. Murillo's new crackdown threatens to undermine this call and/or unseat the MAS-IPSP from its majority. The Minister, who supervises the security forces and prosecutors, said Sunday:
"There are senators and deputies (male and female), not all of them, just some; I will begin to publish their names who are fomenting subversion. Starting Monday, I already have the list which the leaders of the various zones themselves are passing to me. [We] will begin to detain them with prosecutorial orders."
"Hay senadores y senadoras, diputados y diputadas, no todos, unos cuantos, que voy a empezar a publicar sus nombres, que están haciendo subversión. A partir de lunes voy a ordenar, ya tengo listas que los mismos dirigentes de varias zonas me están pasando, los van a empezar a detener con órdenes fiscales"
https://www.europapress.es/internacional/noticia-nuevo-gobierno-boliviano-detendra-diputados-mas-responsables-subversion-sedicion-20191117194230.html
At the beginning of the week, I argued that when "the military signaled limits to further state repression, stayed out of the presidential chair, and did not substitute its choice of leaders for one determined at the ballot box," their political interventions in Bolivia have not been remembered as coups d'ètat. We have crossed those lines.
This is a coup.
"So that we can understand one another a bit, from the point of view of El Alto"
Bolivian Judith Apaza (@judith_apaza) wrote this important thread "So that we can understand one another a bit, from the point of view of El Alto." The document was written in the context of the Alteño march into La Paz "in defense of the wiphala." It first appeared on Twitter, starting with the tweet below. My translation follows…
Para que entendamos un poco, desde la mirada de #ElAlto.
La gente #Alteña y de las provincias convocadas por la CSUTCB, están movilizadas porque sienten que el proceso de inclusión y respeto a los campesinos indígenas y campesinos originarios se encuentra en peligro.
(Abro hilo)
— Judith (@judith_apaza) November 12, 2019
So that we can understand one another a bit, from the point of view of El Alto. The people of El Alto and the provinces convened by the CSUTCB peasant confederation, are mobilizing today because they feel that the process of inclusion and respect for indigenous and native campesinos is currently in danger.
This is seen in part to be exacerbated by:
Acts of aggression upon a patriotic symbol, the Wiphala, which is a symbol of indigenous peoples.
Acts of discrimination and racism that were carried out during the so-called "defense of democracy"
Minimization of [our] protest on social media by means of mockery and disrespect
There are ways that we can help to solve this tense situation:
Support the prosecution, under the law, of those who broke the law and burned the wiphala
Be more tolerant of those who think differently. This respect will bring us to genuine democracy.
Among us all, we need to guarantee:
That respect for indigenous peoples and native peasants is promoted, as well as their participation in building Bolivia
That spaces of dialogue are generated to seek out joint solution that don't respond to personal interests.
The violence that we are currently living through is condemnable from anyone's point of view. Let's collaborate to avoid passing on message of hate and differentiate between the struggle of indigenous peoples and the vandalism that some are taking advantage of in order to do crime and destroy.
Finally, it's necessary that the society as a whole be aware that dialogue is the only solution to heal the social fracture that we are living through, and to guarantee that what has been built in these years, as the Bolivian people, will not be lost.
I want to signal that this thread, with some modifications, was the result of a collective conversation within El Alto, and that it is hoped that it can help mutual understanding of that which has been broken apart in recent days.
Judith Apaza
RT @BeadSpiller: I beaded a belt buckle. I don't have a belt strap for it yet, so you'll have to wait for me to model it another day lol ht… 19 hours ago
RT @People4Bernie: Sometimes it feels like our world is falling apart, but REAL change is all around us. Every conversation, protest, canv… 23 hours ago
My view on Luis Arce's economy: "The new Morales government … still needed foreign credit, still lived in a hemisph… twitter.com/i/web/status/1… 1 day ago
Jeffery Webber making the case that the Bolivian economy under Morales and Arce isn't a radical departure from neol… twitter.com/i/web/status/1… 1 day ago
Silvia Rivera Cusicanqui's critical take on Luis Arce Catacora's economic model: "a certain kind of internationaliz… twitter.com/i/web/status/1… 1 day ago
#EleccionesBo2020 Generally postive profile of Luis Arce Catacora from El Deber (right-leaning, Santa Cruz) when he… twitter.com/i/web/status/1… 1 day ago
#BoliviaEnCrisis Government Minister Arturo Murillo repeats threat to exclude Chapare region from elections if poli… twitter.com/i/web/status/1… 1 day ago
Follow @CarwilBJ
Archives Select Month January 2020 December 2019 November 2019 October 2019 August 2019 June 2019 May 2019 January 2019 July 2018 June 2018 May 2018 March 2018 January 2018 December 2017 September 2017 August 2017 July 2017 June 2017 March 2017 February 2017 December 2016 November 2016 September 2016 August 2016 July 2016 June 2016 May 2016 March 2016 February 2016 November 2015 October 2015 September 2015 August 2015 July 2015 June 2015 April 2015 January 2015 December 2014 November 2014 October 2014 March 2014 February 2014 January 2014 December 2013 October 2013 July 2013 April 2013 March 2013 January 2013 December 2012 October 2012 August 2012 July 2012 April 2012 March 2012 February 2012 January 2012 December 2011 November 2011 October 2011 September 2011 August 2011 July 2011 June 2011 May 2011 March 2011 February 2011 January 2011 December 2010 August 2010 July 2010 June 2010 May 2010 April 2010 December 2009 April 2009 March 2009 January 2009 December 2008 September 2008 August 2008 July 2008 June 2008 May 2008 March 2008 February 2008 August 2007 July 2007 June 2007
Bolivia CIDOB El Alto Evo Morales free prior and informed consent Gaza human rights indigenous indigenous rights Isiboro-Sécure Indigenous Territory and National Park Israel Movement Towards Socialism protest racism repression road blockades tactics TIPNIS United States Villa Tunari-San Ignacio de Moxos highway
Bad Subjects
Bombs and Shields
Colectivo situactiones
deleteTheBorder.org
Direct Action to Stop the War
The Antidote
Andie Abroad
Another Dayenu
Danielle [was] in Bolivia
Democracy Sometimes
G8 Dispatches
Harjit on mediadissent
Magic, Adventure and Chocolate
Tasty (re)creations ♥
Turns Out, He's A Lady
Zapagringo


text:
TV & Movies	• 20 Sep 2017
Stronger review: a nuanced take on the messiness of recovery
By Julia Breakey
Read nextToday at Memeburn: why the site was temporarily down
On 15 April 2013 Jeff Bauman was at the finish line of the Boston Marathon to win back his girlfriend. He was next to the bomb when it exploded; he lost both his legs.
An image of his rescue went viral, and Bauman was thrust unwillingly into the spotlight. He became the face of the Boston Strong movement, of a city clinging to hope and love in a time when despair would have been easy.
Now, three years after Bauman published his memoir, David Gordon Green (Our Brand is Crisis) has brought his story to the big screen. Starring Jake Gyllenhaal (Nocturnal Animals) as Jeff and Tatiana Maslany (Orphan Black) as his girlfriend Erin, Stronger is a beautifully nuanced and profoundly human telling of an otherwise tragic story.
At its core, Stronger is not a film about terror; it's about trauma and the messiness of recovery. It tells of one family's battle with an event that shattered their personal lives and left them picking at the pieces.
The film is technically precise, merging striking cinematography and an unimposing score into an emotionally wrought piece of cinema. Green's direction is commanding, but it's his use of stillness that sets Stronger apart. The heartrending moments do not come from the chaotic bombing, but from lingering close-ups and a focus on the mundane.
Green holds the camera on characters not directly involved in the action. He embraces long takes that emulate continued pain. With the camera still and the focus unerring, Stronger asks the audience to endure Bauman and his family's discomfort. We watch as wounds are redressed, families bicker, as using the toilet becomes a demanding task. Stronger emphasises how terror and trauma deeply affects the everyday.
The film's real power, though, lies in its interest in the morally grey. Narratives surrounding trauma often go one of two ways: as a horrific account of tragedy or as an inspiring tale of the heroes who overcame it. Stronger accepts neither of these as the whole truth.
Its characters are normal people who, despite surviving harrowing events, are not perfect. Green asks the audience: what makes one a hero? Why do we cling to "inspirational" humans for hope? Is it unfair? Is it humane?
Stronger is not a film about terror; it's about trauma, loss and the messiness of recovery
These questions are amplified by a host of powerful performances. Maslany exudes warmth and raw emotion as Bauman's girlfriend Erin. She grounds the film, reminding viewers of the love and humanity at stake. Miranda Richardson (Sleepy Hollow) plays Jeff's mother Patty with tender nuance. Searching for meaning in her son's loss, Patty represents the warped yet well-intentioned Boston Strong movement.
In a particularly gut-wrenching scene, Patty drunkenly reads letters from supporters after Jeff expresses his fatigue at being the face of the bombing. The moment is Stronger at its core: a non-judgmental exploration of the ways human beings cope with trauma.
Stronger is a reminder that recovery is not black and white. Jeff Bauman did nothing but stand in the wrong place at the wrong time, but he was hailed a hero before he had a chance to decipher his own emotions. Stronger is a reminder that no one is the perfect trauma victim — but that doesn't mean their story is any less worthy of being told.
Julia Breakey
Posted in TV & MoviesTagged Boston, David Gordon Green, Jake Gyllenhaal, Jeff Bauman, Miranda Richardson, Stronger, Tatiana Maslany
Today at Memeburn: why the site was temporarily down
General • 20 Sep 2017
WhatsApp alternatives Telegram, Signal become top downloaded apps in South Africa
Following the announcement of changes to its privacy policy, WhatsApp alternatives Telegram Messenger and Signal became the top downloaded apps in South Africa. This…
Megan Ellis Programs & Apps • 12 Jan 2021

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Last month, the Game got on the mic to promote both Fif and Effen vodka alike, pointing out that whatever caused the two to part ways in the first place happened 12 years ago.
Who knows, maybe they'll go from hugging it out at the club to hopping back into the studio again. Or maybe we shouldn't get our hopes up, as each respective rapper is currently busier than ever with new business and advocacy endeavors alike.
Check out 50's recent radio appearance in the clip below.


Image Title: Amazon Com Wine Rack Coffee Table Handmade Inside Inspirations 3. Filename: amazon-com-wine-rack-coffee-table-handmade-inside-inspirations-3.jpg. Image Dimension: 700 x 467 pixels. Images Format: jpg/jpeg. Publisher/Author: Urban Botsford. Uploaded Date: Friday - May 11th. 2018 19:08:10 PM. Category: Architecture. Image Source: digsdigs.com.
Tap The Thumbnail Bellow to See Related Gallery of "Amazon Com Wine Rack Coffee Table Handmade Inside Inspirations 3"


Drones have made headlines recently, raising concerns about public safety and privacy. As part of a new national initiative, UTA is addressing those issues while working to make these vehicles fit for the friendly skies.
Brian Huff and Atilla Dogan (far left) watch as a student launches a UAV test flight.
The engine of a small, unmanned aircraft whirs suddenly to life on a stretch of field near the UT Arlington Research Institute (UTARI). Inside the plane, a sensor keeps it stable as it slowly climbs into the air. The vehicle begins to maneuver in the wind as if it knows what to do all by itself—which, in fact, it does.
The plane tilts skyward and is soon a silent, winged speck gliding 400 feet above. Now the mission begins. The plane's guidance system has been pre-programmed with computerized commands that include altitudes to reach at specific GPS locations, waypoints to cross, and instructions to follow about shooting video with an on-board camera. All the while, the aircraft stays absolutely within a prescribed area at UTARI along the bottom of the eastern Fort Worth Trinity River, as outlined by a Federal Aviation Agency certification of authorization.
Though the wind blows at a modest 15 mph at ground level, its direction shifts and velocity increases slightly a few hundred feet above. The plane's sensors detect these changes and adjust accordingly—and near instantly—as the vehicle quickly passes a series of waypoints dead-on before descending and landing perfectly a few minutes later.
Mission accomplished—for now. There are hundreds, perhaps thousands, more unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) tests to come before these flying robots become a common sight in the sky.
The Association for Unmanned Vehicle Systems International predicts that, once the aircraft are allowed in general airspace, the industry will create 100,000 jobs and generate $82 billion in economic activity in the decade that follows. Lynch himself already has a list of more than 800 possible commercial, non-military applications for the aircraft.
Researchers are using UTA's blimp to work on ground/aerial cooperative sense-and-avoid systems.
But before UAVs' full potential can be tapped, there are numerous safety, privacy, and even philosophical issues to be solved. The industry is still in its infancy and lacks many concrete rules and regulations. Outside a few limited areas like UTA's certified testing site, unmanned aircraft aren't allowed in U.S. airspace unless they are directly controlled by a visual ground pilot within eyeshot. Even then, they can only be used for limited purposes.
The Federal Aviation Administration plans to begin crafting national safety rules and regulations for UAVs by early 2015 and has commissioned six university-dominated teams to research and develop proposals for the burgeoning industry. The Lone Star Unmanned Aircraft Systems Initiative is one such team and comprises UT Arlington; Texas A&M University–Corpus Christi (the consortium leader); Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station; Camber Corp. of Huntsville, Ala.; the Southwest Research Institute in San Antonio; and other research institutions and private-sector companies.
UT Arlington's areas of focus are decision and control systems, dynamic modeling, collision avoidance, positioning, and similar issues related to the high-performance human interactions and safety of unmanned or remotely piloted aircraft. The research team includes Frank Lewis, the Moncrief-O'Donnell chair at UTARI and an electrical engineering professor; Kamesh Subbarao and Atilla Dogan, both associate professors of mechanical and aerospace engineering; and Brian Huff, an associate professor of industrial and manufacturing systems engineering. They will conduct experiments and develop test beds, hardware, software, and algorithms to enable the safe and reliable deployment of UAVs for civilian, law enforcement, military, and other uses.
That phrase—"sense and avoid"—comes up a lot in UAV research.
"It's easy enough to get a vehicle from here to there, but keeping it from being hit, hitting other objects, or interfering with conventional aviation is the big challenge," Dr. Subbarao explains. His research deals with position determination of UAVs using an exotic array of sensors aimed at predicting conflict and avoiding collisions.
Dr. Dogan, similarly, is working on obstacle detection and conflict avoidance, as well as trying to predict hybrid airspace interactions for a future where manned and unmanned aircraft coexist.
Dogan notes that at the most advanced level, an unmanned aircraft operates autonomously—albeit with a ground control override function.
To that end, other aspects of Subbarao's work involve technologies to help UAVs navigate efficiently when GPS information is lacking and programs to help a damaged aircraft make its own decisions about landing safely.
"The bottom line is that these vehicles must be as fail-safe as possible," Subbarao says.
As part of its work, the research group is experimenting on the University's official "airship," a helium-filled blimp familiar to those who've attended basketball and volleyball games at College Park Center. A ground pilot usually flies it by hand, but Dogan and Dr. Huff are outfitting the blimp and a new model plane with programmable computers that will provide them with their own autonomous piloting systems. Though the tiny computer weighs less than four ounces, it could probably be modified to fly a Lear jet, were it required.
One of Huff's fortes is finding affordable solutions to research challenges, whether that involves overseeing the construction of specific equipment for unique devices or locating inexpensive, publically available equipment like the aforementioned computer-guidance system. He's also keenly interested in developing low-cost tracking systems that would provide identification, position, and flight paths of UAVs for the national air traffic monitoring system.
While the research institute has ongoing communications with several unmanned aircraft system firms, manufacturers, software writers, and developers, much work must be done before companies can fly their commercial UAVs in national airspace.
Brian Huff, Kamesh Subbarao, and Atilla Dogan inspect a student's aircraft.
And so UTARI's researchers keep flying their UAVs within the FAA-regulated area on campus. (The space soon will be expanded to include old helicopter ports near Mineral Wells and less populated areas around Caddo Mills, as well as other locations.) Each flight registers successes—and sometimes failures—that, collectively, increase safety and confidence in the aircraft. Eventually, there will be enough data to open the skies to a new breed of vehicles.
All members of UT Arlington's Lone Star Unmanned Aircraft Systems Initiative team agree that the first extensive, non-military uses of UAVs likely will involve relatively simple aerial imaging and automated data collection flights in tightly defined geographies. Initial users probably will be entities like realtors seeking aerial pictures of properties, search-and-rescue teams looking for a lost child, ranchers counting their herds, or governmental agencies monitoring forest fires or flooding more efficiently and safely than conventional, piloted aircraft could.


The first home game of the season saw a couple of changes. With Matt and Jack Bragginton away, Jake Loweth and Matt Holmes were welcomed in their place. The first half got underway and from the off Sutton had the control. Fyson and Harrison in the middle linked up well with the wide men and chances were created but not converted. as the half reached its midpoint the game turned into a stalemate of end-to-end gameplay with both sides being unable to capitalise in front of goal although Sutton wasn't one to not give Cambs the opportunity with multiple short corners being given away of which were little threat when executed. Finally, with 5 minutes of the first half left Josh Fyson took the lead from Sutton with a reverse into the bottom corner.
The second half was a much more organised affair from Sutton and 10 minutes into the second half they doubled their lead from Fyson scoring from a short corner. From the 2nd goal going in Sutton constantly knocked on the door with Hagan and Proctor adding goals to the tally and were unfortunate not to add more and with 5 minutes to play Cambridge added a goal which could only act as a consolation goal.


...can leave us stranded in outer space.
events (seeing a black cat...).
universal forces on our side.
Seeing things in fantasy land can blind you.
can be a pleasant, reassuring and innocuous pastime.
More important, optimism is even good for the health!
believing in eerie relations between events...helps write TV scripts.
to important decision making matters.
economic and financial decisions are at stake .
and populations, however enlightened they are.
the form of rare scintillating metals.
seen magical and transcendental also.
Or denial or fear of uncertainty?
illusion of a scientific approach.
explanations to what seems mysterious.
and communion with the Universe.
feeling with the gods or universal forces.
Some motivations are quite respectful, others are more dubious.
Also, some are quite personal, others more collective or even manipulated.
people feel they have a "hot hand" or the "bad eye".
other believers gives in some circumstances.
in what they see as a too rational / materialistic world.
of good and bad events.
uncertain or is deemed frightening.
avoid the pain of uncertainty.
formulas that will make them sure winners.
methods (see quants, system trading, numeracy, model...).
disillusions, like any heuristic, when situations change.
Pseudo-mechanical / cyclical / rhythmical effects.
as the great "universal" clock that commands events.
earth events did not take part in social mood formation.
can contaminate a bulk of investors.
They generate some fads that lead to biased / irrational decisions.
monetary threats....) can be used to estimate gold "intrinsic value".


text:
Q: Increment or insert mongo nested array values I have a collection with such documents stuct:
{
  id: 1,
  my_field: [
    {
      date: date1,
      type: A,
      value: 1
    },
    {
      date: dateX,
      type: X,
      value: Z
    },
    ...
  ]

What the problem i solve:
I have id, date, type and value. I have to find document by id(which is always present), then element in my_field by date and type and increment value. If this element doesnt present in my_field i have to insert it(struct to my_field). And i look for the most efficient way
I will be very thankful for ideas!
Mongo 4.2
Also it will be great if someone helps with to write this on ruby-driver for mongo :)
Thanks!

A: Use find-and-modify and $push.

*

*https://docs.mongodb.com/ruby-driver/master/tutorials/ruby-driver-crud-operations/#updating

*https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/reference/operator/update/push/

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
<!DOCTYPE html>

    <title>Best $800 Gaming PC: Prebuilt & Custom Build (2020) </title>

        <meta charset="utf-8" />
    <meta content='text/html; charset=utf-8' http-equiv='Content-Type'>
    <meta http-equiv='X-UA-Compatible' content='IE=edge'>
    <meta name='viewport' content='width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0'>

    <meta name="description" content="" />
    <meta property="og:description" content="" />

    <meta name="author" content="Easy PC" />

    <meta property="og:title" content="Best 800 Dollar Gaming PC: Insane Performance in 2020" />
    <meta property="twitter:title" content="Best 800 Dollar Gaming PC: Insane Performance in 2020" />

    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://stackpath.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.3.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" integrity="sha384-ggOyR0iXCbMQv3Xipma34MD+dH/1fQ784/j6cY/iJTQUOhcWr7x9JvoRxT2MZw1T" crossorigin="anonymous">
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/style.css" />
    <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Easy PC - " href="/feed.xml" />
    <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Lato:400,400i,700" rel="stylesheet">

    <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="/apple-touch-icon.png">
    <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="/favicon-32x32.png">
    <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="/favicon-16x16.png">
    <link rel="manifest" href="/site.webmanifest">
    <link rel="mask-icon" href="/safari-pinned-tab.svg" color="#5bbad5">
    <meta name="ahrefs-site-verification" content="3105cf5fdf3fd2569b94d4146fff097da3eebb619973f0e5d3f5e56799e22db4">
    <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#da532c">
    <meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff">

    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.8.2/css/all.css" integrity="sha384-oS3vJWv+0UjzBfQzYUhtDYW+Pj2yciDJxpsK1OYPAYjqT085Qq/1cq5FLXAZQ7Ay" crossorigin="anonymous">
    <link href="https://stackpath.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.7.0/css/font-awesome.min.css" rel="stylesheet" integrity="sha384-wvfXpqpZZVQGK6TAh5PVlGOfQNHSoD2xbE+QkPxCAFlNEevoEH3Sl0sibVcOQVnN" crossorigin="anonymous">

          Menu

Easy PC

Gaming PCs ▼

CPUs

Cases

Motherboards

Game Hosting ▼

Rust Hosting

ARK Hosting

Terraria Hosting

DayZ Hosting

TF2 Hosting

Arma 3 Hosting

Space Engineers Hosting

Unturned Hosting

7 Days to Die Hosting

Best 800 Dollar Gaming PC: Insane Performance in 2020

  Jordyn Hamilton

Prebuilt Choice

Best $800 Gaming PC Build (Custom Parts)

$800 Gaming PC Build Overview Video

Performance Benchmarks

Gaming Benchmark

CPU Speed Benchmark

Read/Write Hard Drive Benchmark

Extra Stuff

Peripherals

Windows 10

Internet Connection

Other Budgets

$800 is actually one of the best PC build budgets you can give yourself this year.

Coming short of $900 can bring forth a bit of trouble in fitting a modest GPU and SSD at the same time, but don't worry, we've got you covered as always.

In this guide, we're going to cover the best $800 gaming PC in 2020 - you'll be able to crush 1080p and even 1440p with this build, so sit down and strap in.

Let's get started:

Prebuilt Choice

The $800 price point is somewhat of a mixed bag when it comes to the odd landscape that is Amazon's 'Desktop Computer' category.

So we scoured the bargain bin through the trash and the rubble to get you the best prebuilt your money can buy.

Prebuilt Option

iBUYPOWER Elite N27W 106A

800 Dollar Prebuilt Gaming PC

With this $800 prebuilt, you're getting an AMD Ryzen 5 3600 CPU, GTX 1660 6GB GPU, 8GB of DDR4 RAM, and a 240GB SSD and a 1TB mass storage drive, not to mention Windows 10, a mouse and a keyboard. It's a great deal and easily the best prebuilt gaming PC you can buy for 800 dollars.

Check Price

Pros

Great CPU

Fast RAM

SSD

Windows 10 Installed

Comes with mouse & keyboard

Great GPU

Cons

Small SSD

          CPU

          R5 3600

          Clock

          3.6GHz

          RAM

          8GB DDR4

          SSD

          240GB

          OS

          Windows 10

          WiFi

          802.11AC

At $799.99USD, the N27W offers you almost similar performance to that of our build-guide picks below for a similar cost.

The only fields that this desktop lags behind in are the graphics and the memory, which may be a mightier blow than you'd expect.

Including a 1TB 7200RPM mechanical hard drive and a 240GB SSD, this desktop still holds its own in the storage category.

Unlike many prebuilt systems, it includes no preinstalled 'bloatware'.

Though, with just 8GB of DDR4-2666 RAM instead of our 16GB DDR4-3000 RAM, you'll be getting a little slower out-of-the-box performance (without overclocking) while also sacrificing 8 whole gigs.

In the graphics department, the N27W puts a good foot forward, but not its best. Sporting just a  GTX 1660, as opposed to our chosen GTX 1660 Ti, you'll be losing out on about 20% of performance in games.

For its many blunders, though, the N27W includes a pre-installed full copy of Windows 10 Home, an internal Wi-Fi adapter, RGB lighting, a beautiful tempered glass side panel, a mouse, a keyboard, 1-year warranty, and free lifetime tech support. Absolutely outstanding!

Best $800 Gaming PC Build (Custom Parts)

		Component
		Name
		Features
		Image

		CPU
		Intel Core i5-9600KF

6 cores

Overclocking

3.7GHz

		Cooler
		ARCTIC Freezer Xtreme Rev.2

1500RPM

131mm

24.4dB

		MOBO
		MSI Z390-A PRO

4 RAM slots

Overclock Support

DDR4-4400

		RAM
		Patriot Viper 4 Blackout

2x8GB

DDR4-3000MHz

Overclockable

		HDD
		Seagate Barracuda HDD

2TB

7200RPM

256MB Cache

		SSD
		Kingston A400

120GB

SSD

SATA III

		GPU
		Gigabyte GeForce GTX 1660Ti OC

1500MHz Core

12000MHz Mem

6GB VRAM

		PSU
		Rosewill 500W Power Supply

Efficient

Warranty

Cheap

		CASE
		Cougar MX330

Sturdy

Window

Front USB 3

		Order This Build on Amazon

$800 Gaming PC Build Overview Video

PROCESSOR

Intel Core i5-9600KF

Six-Core Processor

With 6 cores at 3.7GHz (with a 4.6GHz turbo), there's no game this processor can't tackle with the right GPU pairing.

Check Price on Amazon

Pros

Lots of physical cores

Overclock support

Budget friendly

Great overclocking

Cons

No integrated graphics

          Clock

          3.7GHz

          Boost

          4.6GHz

          Cores

          6

          TDP

          95W

          Type

          Coffee Lake

          Cooler

          No

Now that AMD's been flipping Intel the bird in the budget market for quite a bit, it seems Intel's finally decided it's time to show 'em who's boss.

Not only does it offer that amazing baseline performance, but you know what that 'K' designation means:

Overclocking, baby!

Paired alongside a Z390 motherboard, you can expect to hit upwards of 5GHz with the right cooler, and boy did we try to get you one.

One thing you should note with the 9th Gen Intel CPUs if you're coming back from a long break is that the chips designated with the 'F' in the name do not have integrated graphics.

So don't go into it without a dedicated GPU expecting something to happen, of course.

One of the best parts about this CPU is its overclocking potential. While some people have to pay for game server hosting, the i5-9600KF could handle an intensive task like hosting a Rust server with ease.

We haven't really included CPU coolers all that much in a lot of our builds since nowadays included stock coolers have been holding their own against their aftermarket counterparts.

However, since the overclockable Intel processors do not include coolers at all we've gotta find something, and something good. Hence, the Arctic Freezer Xtreme.

The Arctic Freezer Xtreme Rev.2 is one of the cheapest 120mm CPU coolers you can find on Amazon, 120mm being the size of the fan.

Even with this low price, it delivers outstanding performance with its 1500RPM maximum speed output.

Don't take that speed as a warning for high sound, though, even with that speed the Freezer only hits around 24dB (decibels).

With a huge heatsink and double-sided heat pipes number 8 total, the cooler does take up quite a bit of space but we assure you that with our case choice it'll be no issue.

And with the PWM fan, your motherboard can fine-tune your fan speed to fit the temperature of your CPU, it's honestly pretty amazing.

There are a couple of cheaper options for 120mm coolers, though with maybe a little bit less cooling capacity, but if you really wanna save that dough the Arctic Freezer 33 eSports in either Yellow or Green variants are around $30USD.

  Read Reviews on Amazon

Motherboard

MSI Z390-A PRO

ATX Motherboard

Did I hear overclocking? Hell yeah! Coming in clutch is the MSI Z390-A PRO, giving you that beautiful overclock potential you're craving — and the best part? This motherboard is cheaper than its AMD counterpart.

Check Price on Amazon

Pros

Great overclocking

Easy to work with

Awesome BIOS

Great overclocking

Cons

None

          Form

          ATX

          Chipset

          Z390

          Slots

          4

          SATA

          6

          M.2

          2

          Overclock

          Yes

Z390 is all the rage with the new 9th Gen Intel chips flooding the market, and now's the time to make your move.

Pairing this puppy with our chosen i5-9600KF will give you an amazing head start for gaming especially, and with this board, you'll be able to push it towards 5GHz or even further as we mentioned before.

Sticking to that theme of overclocking (since that's what the Z390-A PRO is all about), Intel has recently released a new overclocking utility to compete against AMD's Ryzen Master.

Intel's new "one-click" Intel Performance Maximizer utility allows you to overclock your processor from Windows and it handles all the numbers itself, subverting the need to enter the BIOS.

Though don't go thinking you can get a cheaper board and use the performance maximizer, 'cause it still requires an overclock-capable board. Oh well.

If you're a little scared that you may damage your CPU or something like that, Intel offers a $20 warranty upgrade that covers damage caused by overclocking with their tool.

  Read Reviews on Amazon

RAM

>

Patriot Viper 4 Blackout

DDR4 3000Mhz RAM

Speed is key, and the Patriot Viper 4 Blackout is here to deliver. This 16GB kit of memory is gonna crush both 1080p and 1440p. In addition, if you're one of those people who has to have 192041 Chrome tabs open at once, this RAM will help with that too.

Check Price on Amazon

Pros

16GB

Fast 3000Mhz

Cheap

Cons

None, we're just picking awesome parts

          Amount

          16GB

          Modules

          2x8GB

          Speed

          3000MHz

          Type

          DDR4

          CAS

          16

          Voltage

          1.35V

Once again, overclocking may be your breakthrough, but unfortunately, there's no automatic overclocking utility for RAM.

For a guide to overclocking system memory click here.

Even without overclocking, the base clock of 3000MHz makes sure you won't lag behind anywhere, be it Chrome, Firefox, Brave, or god forbid, Edge.

And at 16GB total memory, trust me, you won't run out (unless you really need 100 tabs and 12 games open at the same time — in that case, you've got 2 extra memory slots on the motherboard for upgrades!)

  Read Reviews on Amazon

SSD

Kingston A400 120GB SSD

High-Speed Storage

Lightning fast storage is the name of the game these days – that's why this build is rocking a solid state drive, not a mechanical hard drive.

Check Price on Amazon

Pros

Crazy fast boot speeds

Maps load quickly

No moving parts

Cons

Only 120GB of storage

More expensive than a mechanical drive

          Type

          SSD

          Capacity

          480GB

          Price/GB

          $0.11

          Size

          2.5"

          Interface

          SATA

          NVME

          No

Our solid state drive solution for this build is the Kingston A400 120GB SATA SSD.

This thing is blazing fast, which is why we highly recommend it as your Windows boot drive.

With your OS and drivers installed on your SSD, your PC is going to be fast and responsive, especially when booting.

However, although an SSD will help you load your games faster, it won't actually improve your FPS.

  Read Reviews on Amazon

HDD

Seagate Barracuda HDD

2TB Mass Storage Drive

Lightning fast storage is the name of the game these days – that's why this build is rocking a solid state drive, not a mechanical hard drive.

Check Price on Amazon

Pros

2TB Storage

256MB Cache

Cons

Games load more slowly on this drive

          Type

          SSD

          Capacity

          480GB

          Price/GB

          $0.11

          Size

          2.5"

          Interface

          SATA

          NVME

          No

This hard drive has TONS of storage space and a large cache, so it makes for a great mass storage drive.

You can install all of your games, applications, files, and more on this drive without having to worry much about space.

We recommend (as long as you can afford it, of course) upgrading the SSD to a 240GB model or more if you want to install your games on an SSD as well.

  Read Reviews on Amazon

GRAPHICS CARD

Gigabyte GeForce GTX 1660 Ti OC

Overclocked GPU

The next generation of graphics is upon us, and this graphics card is an absolute monster - it handles 1080p with ease and can even game in 1440p with good settings.

Check Price on Amazon

Pros

6GB VRAM

GDDR6 Memory

Fast clock speed

Handles 1080p with ease

Cons

Price (1/3 budget)

          Core

          1500MHz

          Boost

          1860MHz

          Length

          280mm

          Fans

          2

          Memory

          6GB

          Ports

          4

Graphics might be the single most important part of a gaming PC, which is why we made sure to knock this one out of the park.

We managed to include one of the best mid to high range GPUs on the market.

Everyone give a warm welcome to the GeForce GTX 1660 Ti OC from Gigabyte.

Paired with the i5-9600KF, expect the most out of your combo with amazing in-game performance at 1080p and 14440p resolutions, even with the graphics cranked up.

Especially after overclocking, this GPU seriously kicks butt.

  Read Reviews on Amazon

POWER SUPPLY

Rosewill 500 W 80+ Bronze

Semi-modular Power Supply

This power supply has become pretty popular thanks to its affordability and bang for your buck. You're getting a pretty beefy power supply that's efficient and semi-modular.

Check Price on Amazon

Pros

80+ Bronze Certified

Good bang for your buck

Semi-modular

Cheap

Cons

Not the most efficient PSU on the market

          Wattage

          500

          Rating

          Bronze

          Modular

          Semi

          Color

          Black

          SATA

          5

          Noise

          Quiet

Next, we have the power supply. Though often overlooked, this guy is pretty important.

Choose a PSU that's not powerful enough, and you could fry the PSU or worse, the entire PC.

Conversely, if your PSU is too powerful, you'll waste a ton of money.

Not to mention you have to worry about noise, cable management, and whether or not it's compatible.

Fear not, for once again we've done the heavy lifting for you – you're welcome.

The Rosewill 500W is a pretty standard power supply, but it has a few key features that make it stand out for its price.

It's Semi-modular, so you're getting a good mix of affordability and practicality. It's also 80+ Bronze Certified, which means this PSU is power efficient.

The Rosewill 500W is also pretty quiet, and compatible with the build components.

  Read Reviews on Amazon

CASE

Cougar MX330

ATX Mid-Tower Case

I'll be honest, tried to skimp out on the case just a tad to fit some better parts into the build. But don't get me wrong, the Cougar MX330 is still one amazing ATX Mid Tower case.

Check Price on Amazon

Pros

Great design

Great airflow

Easy cable management

Spacious interior

Cons

Acrylic side panel window

          Type

          ATX

          Airflow

          Great

          Design

          Great

          Window

          Yes

          Spacious

          Great

          Noise

          Quiet

Fitting a full ATX board was the first criterion, and the MX330 met that requirement. It may be small, but it's a full ATX case.

What the MX330 offers at this price, though, is the power supply shroud and that's really wonderful, keeping your PSU and hard drives out of the view from the rest of your lovely components.

The one downfall of this case is the acrylic side panel which can be a huge turn-off for a lot of gamers.

Honestly, it really isn't that bad — a friend of mine even sourced a random tempered glass side panel off of eBay that happened to fit!

This cool case even has 4 front USB ports (2 2.0 and 2 3.0) and a 5.25" drive bay if that suits your fancy.

If you want a smaller case than this, check out our guide about the smallest micro atx cases on the market.

  Read Reviews on Amazon

Performance Benchmarks

Here we've got the performance benchmarks so you can see (just about) what you're buying and make a decision based upon your needs.

Gaming Benchmark

As you can see in the graph, while the two sides do trade blows fairly well and frequently, Intel does come out on top for some of the bigger titles.

This test does not take into account overclocking, but based on the performance numbers for the CPU overclocks (below) the differences should stay pretty consistent.

CPU Speed Benchmark

Starting out with the base clocked performance, it's just about what we expect in a normal Intel vs AMD matchup; Intel in the lead with single-core, AMD with multi-core.

This is a consistent trend across all price points when comparing the similarities, so get used to it.

Now, the results of the overclocking may change your mind a bit if you were thinking about going AMD.

While AMD technically offers more cores (albeit virtual cores) with their hyperthreading, the raw performance of Intel's baseline cores just about beats it while overclocked.

This could mean an even better boost for gaming performance.

Read/Write Hard Drive Benchmark

The regular read/write speeds of HDDs are no surprise since they generally perform similarly across the board, but we thought we'd give you a little comparison between our selected drive and the most popular offering from Western Digital.

To say the least, it looks like we're holding our own:

Moving on to the 4K read/write speeds, if you look closely (we apologize for the weirdness of the graphs) you can see why the WD drive is so popular due to its superior 4K read/write speeds.

Alas, the HDDs still stand no chance against the might of Solid State storage.

Another oddity appears in the 4K read/write of the SATA SSD as opposed to the M.2 contender, maybe that's why the A400 is so popular these days.

Extra Stuff

After you build your gaming PC, you're going to need some extra stuff too before you're ready to game.

Peripherals

Most gamers opt to buy a good gaming monitor, a gaming keyboard/mouse, a gaming headset, and even a microphone.

We know you're on a budget, so we made a list of our top peripheral picks in each category.

Here are our recommended peripherals for this build:

Dell SE2417HG Gaming Monitor

Redragon K558 Anala Gaming Keyboard

Redragon M711 Cobra Gaming Mouse

Behringer HX2000 Headphones

Blue Snowball Microphone

Windows 10

If you've never built your own personal computer before, you may be a little baffled at the whole Windows 10 installation and activation process.

We happen to have a full setup and installation guide that you can check out by clicking here and scrolling to the bottom of the page.

The cost might also be a bit of an issue. Maybe you're looking at Windows 10 keys from Microsoft or Amazon; you'll regularly see them for $100+.

Crazy, right?

In reality, you can just go onto eBay and purchase an OEM key for around $5 from 1 of hundreds of sellers and even get instant delivery.

Internet Connection

For the best speed and lowest latency internet connection, you'll want to stick with ethernet if you can, and most motherboards nowadays are fitted with a minimum of a Gigabit Ethernet port.

However, for those of you that really need the wireless connection, you can opt for an internal Wi-Fi adapter like the TP-Link Archer R4E, or a USB adapter like this Inamax USB Wi-Fi adapter.

Other Budgets

$800 is a good baseline for an entry level gaming PC, but we've got build guides for a bunch of other budgets as well.

$400 gaming PC build guide

$500 gaming PC build guide

$600 gaming PC build guide

$700 gaming PC build guide

$900 gaming PC build guide

$1000 gaming PC build guide

            Contact Us

            About Us

            Disclaimer

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Belt Cover Of 100X60 Mini Jaw . This is a vintage used/pre-owned item. No chips. No cracks. Sold AS IS. Available for just 55.00 . . Just a small discoloration. Price is 5000 Thank you so much for looking at my items! . Jaw crusher for sale These are in good shape, but there is rubbing wear- see the close up image. Available for just 1250 .
small used antique jaw crushers on ebay Solution for ore 4.7/5 ; Assay Rock Crusher Grinder - siddharthacademy. small jaw crusher for assaying antique cast iron sample grinder for gold mining . assay size rock crusher for sale. mobile crushing lab for sale - Newest Crusher, Grinding.
antique rock crusher for sale - crusherasia. antique rock crusher for sale - Concrete Crushers,Jaw Crusher. SBM Mining Machinery is a professional material processing designer and supplier in the world, we .
Feb 07, 2013 · More videos for small antique rock crusher for sale » jaw rock crusher for sale – YouTube. Jul 23, 2012 . Jul 23, 2012 . Jaw Crusher / Stone crusher / Rock crusher for sale .
A&S CRUSHER CO., LTD.,is a global supplier of Crusher Mantle,Crusher Bearings,Crusher Bucke,Crusher Concave,Crusher Cones,Crusher Hammers,Crusher Jaw Plates Chat Now Jaw Crusher India, Jaw Crusher Manufacturer, Portable .
Vintage Mining Assayer's Ore Jaw Rock Crusher Gold . 2015 crusher machine small scale Small stone crusher is widely used in mining and. small scale rock crusher . Live Chat; assayers rock sample crusher | worldcrushers. stone crusher from bico burbak. .
vintage parker stone crusher for sale aintage stone crusher for sale. vintage parker stone crusher for saleGold Ore Crusher hats for sale ore and gold mining Australia · vintage parker stone crusher for sale Chat Now; used parker jaw crusher in uk vintage parker stone crusher for sale .
Read More >> antique jaw crusher – Grinding Mill China. Get a Price. . Small Jaw Crusher for sale Small jaw crusher is a stone crusher or rock crusher with low small hammer crusher or small hammer mill, small mobile crusher, Supply Quality Jaw Crusher, Stone Crusher, Small Mobile.
100X60 Mini Jaw Crusher 220V. 1 set of 220V 100X60 Mini Jaw Crusher (0 21088 ). Suitable for crushing materials: Calcite, talcum, cabblestone, kaolin, slag, steel slag, diabase, coom, coalgangue, maif. Impact mill rock crusher grinding milling gold mining equipment machine jaw ball. 4,200.00.
small antique jaw crusher for sale Mini rock crusher, Jaw crusher, gold mining, prospecting equipment. With Pulley . For sale is an antique cedar rapids jaw rock crusher. This crusher . Inquiry price now. 1800 antique small portable rock crushers for sale canada.
gold mining small rock crusher antique usa. antique portable jaw crusher for sale canada 28189 craigslist antique mining rock crusher for sale- antique portable jaw, Mini Rock Crushers For Sale - .
Small Antique DoorThe slash-through prices reflect the price reported to Gilt by the manufacturer or vendor, the former Gilt price, or the price at . small antique rock crusher price Small Used rock crusher for Sale, You Can Buy Various High Quality small . Small Rock Crusher - Smokstak - Antique Engines Antique Tractors Steam.
antique portable jaw crusher for sale - mjremedies. antique mini rock crusher for sale nigeria antique small wet grinding stone wheel handle antique portable jaw . Get Price And Support Online Antique Beltdrive Jaw Crusher - Crusher, quarry, mining .
antique small jaw crusher - namesprojectsouthflorida. antique small jaw crusher. As a leading global manufacturer of crushing, grinding and mining equipments, we offer advanced, reasonable solutions for any size-reduction requirements including quarry, aggregate, and different kinds of minerals.
Vintage Jaw Crusher Drawings; Iron Ore Mobile Crusher In India; Grinding Mill China. antique parker jaw crusher. vintage stone crusher for sale, . antique stone crusher for sale uk . small used stone crushers for sale uk. used mobile stone crusher . vintage stone jaw crushers orginated-minevik machinery . for sale vintage rock crusher in uk .
Jaw crusher includes large heavy jaw crusher and small jaw crusher. If you want know more about jaw crusher price, concrete jaw crusher, mobile jaw crusher, coal jaw . EarthWORKS Machinery Company – Aggregate and Recycle .
antique mining small ore crushers brillentrend. Vintage Mining Assayer's Ore Jaw Rock Crusher Gold Mining Posts Related to antique rock crushers for sale. small used antique jaw crushers on ebay. jaw .


text:
Sinlung / Business
How To Get Rich In Your Country Of Choice [Infographic]
It's easy! Just inherit gobs of cash.
By Colin Lecher
How do the rich get rich? The answer depends on geography.
This infographic, designed by studio BoldFace and published by Independent Newspapers, breaks down, for various regions, how the rich earned their dough. In the United States, it's a landslide: 67 percent of wealthy survey respondents said they made it big by "savings through earnings." In the Middle East, meanwhile, "inheritance" is just barely the most popular way of striking it rich, with 49 percent of respondents saying they got their dough passed on to them. Since the graphic was published in Irish newspapers, there's also of ton of data on how Ireland's rich accumulated their wealth.
The infographic still leaves a couple questions open. How is "wealthy" being defined here? And what can we attribute to the differences: culture, laws, or something else? Either way, go ahead and use this as your field guide to your very own cash-filled swimming pool.
How The Rich Get Rich: Independent Newspapers/Boldface


The second edition of the atlas has been fully updated, including new information on immigrant language use, and a new chapter on contemporary linguisitc practices such as global business, diplomatic and internet language use.
language on earth, no matter how small the number of speakers.
the area, followed by more detailed maps, each with a numbered key. The maps are preceded by explanatory text, detailing linguistic history, genetic relations of languages, and sociolinguistic information. Writing systems are mentioned but not described in detail. A lavishly produced and stunning mine of information.


Bats eavesdrop on each other to improve their chances of finding prey, according to a study published in Current Biology. "When you sit in a dark cinema theater and someone opens a bag of chips, everyone in the theater knows that someone is eating chips and approximately where that someone is. Bats work similarly," said Yossi Yovel, the lead researcher.
Kathryn Mackenzie says she and her family are being forced out of their townhouse in Abbotsford, BC, because her children play too loudly.
The noise complaints started more than a year ago, when the Mackenzie family's downstairs neighbour wrote in an email that the children were "constantly running back and forth, and ...jumping and stomping all day long."
According to a recent study from the University of Vermont College of Medicine, learning to play the violin or piano might help kids' brains by giving them some added benefits in key behavioral areas of the cortex. A team specializing in child psychiatry published a research article in the September 3, 2014 online edition of the Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, which showed that musical training might help kids focus their attention, control their emotions, and diminish their anxiety.
An extra second will be added to the clock just after 23:59:59 on June 30, according to Universal Time officials at the International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service. Leap seconds, introduced in 1972 to make up for Earth's speed variations, are occasionally added either at the end of December or June to correct tiny desynchronizations between International Atomic Time, or the weighted average of some 200 atomic clocks around the world, and Universal Time, based on Earth's rotation. The last time a leap second was added was at the end of June in 2012.
Noise-induced hearing loss is associated with damaged synapses that connect the nerves and hair cells in the cochlea — a part of the inner ear. But a new mouse study suggests noise-induced hearing loss can be prevented with a simple chemical compound that protects the nerves that stimulate the cochlea.
Scientists have recognized that noise pollution in our oceans is harmful to marine mammals, affecting their ability to communicate, find mates, and hunt for food. A new study by researchers at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) and their colleagues examined behavioral responses to sound by cuttlefish, a type of shell-less mollusk related to squid and octopi. Their study findings, published in the December 15, 2014 online edition of the Journal of Experimental Biology, can help decision makers and environmental managers better understand the impacts of noise in the ocean.
AARP, a not-for-profit organization that works to improve quality-of-life for people over the age of 50, recently launched an online Hearing Resource Center. The electronic resource aims to provide tips, tools and other information to its nearly 38 million members regarding hearing health in hopes of encouraging people with hearing loss to seek help. Click here to read more about the center.
Cece Bell, a writer and illustrator of children's books, has released a new story called El Deafo. The book tells the tale of Bell's own experience of growing up with a hearing impairment after becoming "severely to profoundly deaf" as a child, following a bout of meningitis. In an interview with NPR, Bell discusses how it took her a long time to come to terms with having a hearing impairment but how she sometimes felt like a superhero at school because of her Phonic Ear hearing aid, hence the book's title. Read about Bell's story and a transcript of the interview here; click here to listen to a recording of the interview.
A small study from the Washington University School of Medicine has found that patients with hearing aids performed better on balance tests when their hearing aids were turned on. It is the first study to demonstrate that our ability to hear contributes to our body's stability, and supports the existing belief that seniors who are hard of hearing may be less likely to fall if they use a hearing aid or cochlear implant.
A team of researchers, clinicians and experts from the National Institute of Health Research Nottingham Hearing Biomedical Research Unit and Health E-learning and Media team at the University of Nottingham have developed a C2Hear program, designed to educate new hearing aid users on how to make the most of their assistive devices. More than 30 hearing aid users were involved in the collaborative project, which features a 10 short multimedia how-to tutorials that are available to patients. The C2Hear program was rated as "highly useful" by more than three-quarters of users in a trial.


Learn To Speak Russian is a program developed by AareSoft Technology. We know of versions 3.3, 3.2, 2.8, 2.7. Version 3.3 is available for free download at our site. Learn To Speak Russian installation package has a size of 252,178 bytes. AareSoft Technology also publishes Learn To Speak Spanish and Learn To Speak Japanese.


In case you haven't ventured on the internet in the past few years, coconut oil is all the rage. You can find a person saying "coconut oil cured my (insert anything you could think of here)!" It's the miracle of oils, healthy to eat and amazing for your skin. I've seen all kinds of claims about it.
Now don't get me wrong, I love me some coconut oil. I use it all the time! In food, in skincare recipes, and for my hair as well. There is reason for the hype. But I've been sensing a trend lately… a new miracle oil is emerging. Avocado oil!
If you're going to be cooking with an oil, avocado oil has a much more subtle flavor than coconut oil. It doesn't overwhelm or change the flavor of your recipes.
Have you ever been cooking with oil and noticed it starts emitting lots and lots of smoke? That means the oil has reached its smoke point. Oils with a high smoke point can withstand higher temperatures before they start spewing smoke. Avocado oil has a smoke point of about 500°F whereas coconut oil has a smoke point of about 350°F.
According to lots of people, coconut oil will help get rid of your acne. But that isn't quite accurate. Coconut oil is highly comedogenic, which means it has a high likelihood of clogging your pores. I learned this the hard way. It has the highest comedogenicity rating possible, a 5.
Avocado oil is much less comedogenic, so it's suitable to use on your face if you are more acne prone. It has a rating of 2. That being said, comedogenic ratings aren't perfect, so your skin may react differently. Personally, my skin loves avocado oil.
Beta-sitosterol is a plant ester that we have found to be highly beneficial. It is used to lower cholesterol and prevent heart disease. Some even claim that helps prevent cancer, though I'm always more cautious to parrot those claims. It is also said to boost the immune system.
I'm probably not the only one who has experienced some frustration with coconut oil's reactiveness to temperature. It is solid at room temperature, but if it goes slightly above (76°F), it becomes liquid. In the summer my coconut oil changes form frequently, leaving me with difficulty controlling the texture of some of my homemade beauty products. But avocado oil is liquid at room temperature, so it wont change the texture of your products if it gets a little hot in the room.
There's a lot of debate right now about whether or not saturated fats are bad for you. For years we were told to eat less saturated fats because they increase your blood cholesterol level, but some people are now saying that's inaccurate. It's always a fun balance trying to figure out what nutrition guidelines to stick to.
That being said, coconut oil is very high in saturated fats. Avocado oil is low in saturated fats, but high in monounsaturated fats where are supposed to be the "healthy" good fats because they don't raise cholesterol levels. Interpret this however you like- but if you avoid saturated fats, coconut oil isn't your friend.
Coconut oil, while great for your skin and highly moisturizing, leaves your skin feeling quite greasy for a while. Avocado oil is absorbed more quickly by the skin, so you are left with less of a greasy feeling.
A study in the Journal of Nutrition found that consuming avocados and avocado oil helps your body absorb carotenoids. Carotenoids are a nutrient humans can't produce themselves, so they have to get it from fruit and vegetable sources. So if you eat a little avocado oil at the same time as your carrots and sweet potatoes, you reap more of the benefits of those foods.
Avocado oil is high in Vitamin E, which is great for your skin. It is supposed to reduce aging and be highly moisturizing. I frequently add vitamin E oil to my beauty recipes, but the ones that have avocado oil are getting even more!
Now I'm not saying I'm going to throw coconut oil out of my repertoire, because I do still love it. But avocado oil is quickly making its way up my favorite ingredients list. If you haven't tried it yet, give it a go!
Love your blog, it's fun to read and very informative. I love eating avocado :) and to apply it in my hair, this is really interesting. I will definitely try this and hope to see good result. Thank you very much for sharing.
I love avocado oil! I am severely allergic to tree nuts (so that rules out shea, cocoa butter, almond oil, etc) and coconut. I was so frustrated because EVERY BLESSED cosmetic/hygiene product, natural cleaner, etc has coconut in it so I started making my own almost everything using avocado oil as a base. It is the only carrier oil I use. I make homemade chapstick that gets rave reviews by anyone who tries it. You can also get avocado butter, which is solid, to use as a lotion. Recently, though, I've just been mixing a few EOs into some avocado oil and using that instead of lotion. I've also used avocado oil with EOs and soy wax to make massage candles. Hello, bliss! Additionally, I use avocado oil almost exclusively in cooking and even in baking. It can be pretty expensive elsewhere, but Costco sells a large bottle for $11 or $12.