text:
Isola del Garda o Isola di Garda o Isola Borghese es la mayor isla del lago de Garda. Forma parte del municipio de San Felice del Benaco, en la provincia de Brescia, Lombardía, Italia. La isla tiene una larga y variada historia, ya que ha sido utilizada como cementerio romano, guarida de piratas, sede de un monasterio franciscano, fortificación fronteriza y villa residencial. La isla ha sido visitada por numerosos personajes famosos a lo largo de los siglos, como Francisco de Asís, Antonio de Padua y Dante Alighieri. En la actualidad, está cubierta por un parque y dominada por la Villa Borghese Cavazza, de estilo neogótico veneciano. Aunque es propiedad privada de la familia Cavazza, Isola del Garda está abierta a los visitantes desde 2001.

Geografía
Isola del Garda se encuentra en el suroeste del lago de Garda, justo al sur del golfo de Salò, cerca de la ciudad de San Felice del Benaco, en la provincia de Brescia. Está separada de Capo San Fermo por sólo unos 220 metros de aguas abiertas. Es, con mucho, la mayor isla del lago. La isla (o en realidad las islas, ya que Isola del Garda incluye algunos pequeños afloramientos de roca y la mayor parte del parque está dividida de la casa por un estrecho canal) era inicialmente sólo rocas que sobresalían del lago. Toda la tierra para los jardines fue traída con el tiempo por los habitantes. La isla tiene unos 1,1 km de largo, pero sólo unos 70 metros de ancho en su parte más ancha. En la actualidad está cubierta en su mayor parte por un parque y jardines formales con una gran variedad de plantas.

Historia

La isla ha sido conocida a su vez como Insula Cranie ("Isla de las Calaveras"), Isola dei Frati ("Isla de los Monjes"), Isola Scotti, Isola Lechi, Isola de Ferrari e Isola Borghese. Es probable que haya estado habitada desde la época romana. 130 lápidas galorromanas encontradas en la isla indican que al menos se utilizó como área de entierro en ese momento.  También se han descubierto restos de templos votivos. Según se informa, después de haber sido abandonada durante el período de declive del Imperio Romano, la isla sirvió durante mucho tiempo como escondite para los piratas que se aprovechaban de los barcos en el lago de Garda.

La isla se menciona por primera vez en documentos escritos en un decreto del duque Carlomán de Baviera, fechado en 879, que concedió la isla a los monjes de Zenón de Verona.  Aparentemente, no mantuvieron la propiedad porque en 1180 se volvió a mencionar cuando el emperador Federico I la concedió como feudo a un tal Biemino de Manerba.  Alrededor de 1220, Francisco de Asís viajó por el norte de Italia. Aunque no se sabe con certeza si realmente visitó la isla, los franciscanos sí establecieron una simple ermita entre las cuevas y rocas de la isla en ese momento, después de que Biemino se la otorgara. En 1224, el obispo de Trento visitó la ermita y tres años más tarde lo hizo, según se informa, Antonio de Padua en 1227.  Según la leyenda local, en 1304, Dante Alighieri llegó a la isla y más tarde se refirió a ella en su Divina Comedia como:

Loco è nel mezzo là dove 'l trentinopastore e quel di Brescia e 'l veronese
segnar poria, s'e' fesse quel cammino( Infierno, Canto XX)

En 1422, Bernardino de Siena estuvo en la isla para la primera de varias visitas y en ese período se construyó un convento franciscano. Fue reconstruido y ampliado en 1438; la iglesia añadida recibió el nombre de Santa Maria dello Scoglio. En 1470, el padre Francesco Licheto (1450-1520), miembro de la noble familia Lechi de Brescia, fundó una escuela de teología y filosofía en la isla. En 1517, Paganino Paganini imprimió para él un comentario religioso que se convirtió en el primer libro impreso en toda la región del lago de Garda. Giano Fregoso, dux de Genua, y su hijo Alessandro utilizaron la isla como lugar de retiro. Sin embargo, tras la muerte de Licheto, la comunidad religiosa entró en decadencia. De 1685 a 1697 fue un convento de novicias.

En 1795, el gobierno de la República de Venecia decidió suprimir el monasterio. Su último responsable, Bonaventura di Casalloro, se vio obligado a cerrar el monasterio y a abandonar la isla con los monjes restantes. La propiedad fue entonces requisada por un decreto de Napoleón Bonaparte en 1798, tras el establecimiento de la República Cisalpina. Su gobierno vendió la isla a propietarios privados en 1800. Tras pasar por varias manos, fue adquirida en 1817 por el conde Luigi Lechi, de Brescia. Ordenó importantes obras de construcción y renovación y el monasterio se convirtió en una villa. Lechi era también poeta y entre sus huéspedes se encontraban los compositores Gioachino Rossini y Gaetano Donizetti, los escritores Ippolito Pindemonte y Cesare Arici, así como el pintor Luigi Basiletti y el arquitecto Rodolfo Vantini. Este último diseñó el pequeño puerto de la isla con su torre. La amante de Lechi, la cantante Adelaide Malanotte, era también una invitada habitual. En 1837, Luigi Lechi traspasó la propiedad a su hermano Teodoro (1778-1866), antiguo general del ejército napoleónico, quien -entre otros cambios- añadió las terrazas de la parte delantera de la villa.

En 1860, la isla fue expropiada por el estado italiano recién unificado y convertida en una fortificación fronteriza contra los austriacos, que en ese momento todavía controlaban la región de Venecia, incluida la costa este del lago de Garda.  Aunque se realizaron algunos trabajos de construcción, la idea de convertir la isla en una fortaleza se abandonó después de que los austriacos cedieron la mayor parte de sus posesiones en el norte de Italia al Reino de Italia después de la Tercera Guerra de Independencia italiana en 1866. Después de eso, solo el extremo norte del lago de Garda alrededor de Riva del Garda permaneció siendo austríaco. En 1870, la isla fue vendida en una subasta y comprada por Baron Scotti. A su vez, lo vendió al duque Gaetano de Ferrari (1818–1893) de Génova. De Ferrari y su esposa, la aristócrata rusa Maria Sergeyevna Annenkova (1837–1924),  se mudaron a la isla.

Entre 1880 y 1900 hicieron construir el parque, construyeron muros de contención para evitar la entrada de agua e importaron tierra fértil y plantas exóticas. Mientras que el parque se diseñó desde el principio como un jardín paisajista inglés, el área frente a la casa se diseñó como un jardín italiano más formal. En 1893, el duque murió, pero la pareja había decidido previamente construir una nueva villa en el sitio de la antigua villa de Lechi. Este palacio neogótico veneciano fue construido entre 1890 y 1903, según un diseño del arquitecto Rovelli.

Después de la muerte de la duquesa, su hija Anna Maria (1874-1924), esposa del príncipe Scipione Borghese de Roma, heredó la isla, pero sobrevivió a su madre solo unos meses. En 1927, el príncipe murió y dejó la isla a su hija, la princesa Livia Borghese (1901-1969), que estaba casada con el conde Alessandro Cavazza de Bolonia (1895-1969).  Su hijo menor, el conde Camillo Cavazza dei Conti Cavazza, se casó con Lady Charlotte Sarah Alexandra Chetwynd-Talbot (nacida en 1938), la hija mayor del conde de Shrewsbury en 1965. Tuvieron siete hijos antes de que Camillo Cavazza muriera en 1981.>

Actualmente

Hoy la isla es propiedad de Lady Charlotte Cavazza. Vive en la isla con su familia (sus siete hijos, cuatro hermanos y tres hermanas, y sus familias). La familia también posee propiedades en la península cercana donde tienen negocios que incluyen alquiler de botes, cultivo de olivos,  un cámping, una empresa de  agroturismo y una escuela de equitación.

Desde 2002, la isla está abierta a los visitantes en visitas guiadas.  También se puede alquilar para eventos especiales.

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 Página web oficial

Islas lacustres de Italia


text:
See the 3-Carat 'Fantasy' Engagement Ring Bryan Abasolo Gave Bachelorette Rachel Lindsay
All the exclusive details on the newly engaged star's massive pear-shaped diamond
By Elizabeth Leonard August 08, 2017 09:00 AM
ring-1
Credit: Courtesy Neil Lane
The Bachelorette EXCLUSIVE! Rachel Lindsay opens up about how she knew Bryan Abasolo was "the one" despite her love for Peter Kraus. Subscribe now for an inside look at their plans to wed — and have many kids — only in PEOPLE!
With only hours to spare, jewelry designer Neil Lane put finishing touches on the last of six diamond rings he'd take to Spain for Bachelorette Rachel Lindsay's suitors to peruse before the final rose ceremony.
"The evening before I got on the plane, I finished up the very last ring — one with a pear-shaped diamond," says Lane, the Bachelor franchise's long-time, go-to jeweler. "I wanted to make sure to bring a variety and offer enough different choices."
Turns out Lane's 11th hour efforts were well worth it as Bryan Abasolo, 37, opted for that romantic pear-shaped handmade design right before he got down on one knee and proposed to Lindsay, 32, during the romantic season 13 finale. "Delicate and elegant" and featuring a large central stone, the 3-carat platinum ring is set within a halo of smaller diamonds and further accented with 80 round diamonds.
RELATED PHOTOS: Guess the Bachelorette Couple From the Engagement Ring!
"Apparently Rachel had talked about a pear-shaped diamond and this was her fantasy ring," says Lane. "Bryan lit up when he saw it."
Watch People Cover Story – Bachelorette Finale: Rachel Lindsay, available now, on the new People/Entertainment Weekly Network (PEN). Go to PEOPLE.com/PEN, or download the PEN app on your favorite mobile or connected TV device.
While Abasolo was also drawn to a more elaborate and bold princess-cut ring with a larger band, he ultimately went with the more feminine pear-shaped design, in part because "it looked like Rachel's beautiful almond-shaped eyes," says Lane, who calls Abasolo "the sweetest and warmest guy."
"It was clear Bryan adored her and he talked about how he could see starting a family in the future. He'd never met anyone like Rachel and there was a glint in his eye."
neil-lane
For more on Bachelorette Rachel Lindsay's engagement to Bryan Abasolo, including their thoughts on their big debut and plan for the future, pick up this week's issue of PEOPLE, on newsstands Friday
Rachel Lindsay Bachelorette
RELATED VIDEO: Newly Engaged Rachel Lindsay & Bryan Abasolo On Their Interracial Relationship
Unlike some guys on the brink of proposing, Abasolo "didn't seem jittery at all," Lane says. "This was clearly a big moment for him, but he was calm — and very happy."
What do you think of Lindsay's sparkler? Share below!

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


As a new wave of feminism rides on the coattails of the #MeToo movement, we go back in time with ACU's Associate Professor of Journalism, Cathy Jenkins, to pay homage to six Australian women who fought against gender injustice.
More than a century before the #MeToo movement — the social media campaign highlighting sexual harassment against women — feminists used gritty, grassroots activism to fight for change.
Early women's rights activists may not have had hashtags, says Associate Professor Cathy Jenkins, but they "used what they had at the time effectively to get their message across".
"In the early days of the suffragists, women formed their own activist organisations, they contacted politicians by mail and in person and they organised public rallies, which would often be covered by the newspapers," Jenkins said.
And when the mainstream media misrepresented them, they took things into their own hands.
"They didn't always get the type of media coverage they wanted, so they made sure they had their own outlets devoted to giving women a voice," Jenkins said.
After completing her PhD thesis on the newspaper coverage of Australia's first female politicians, Associate Professor Jenkins began to further investigate the lives of the women she studied.
Inspired by the early campaigners for gender equality, she wrote a book titled No Ordinary Lives: Pioneering Women in Australian Politics.
"Some of these women are well-known, others less so … some came from reasonably well-off families, others came from struggling, working class backgrounds, but all of them were inspiring," Jenkins said.
And their activism helped to advance the rights of women all over Australia. We take a look at six political powerhouses who paved the way for progress.
Vida Goldstein's activist career started at a very early age, when she helped her mother collect signatures for the 1891 Woman's Suffrage Petition.
Goldstein became internationally recognised in the suffrage movement, and in 1903 was the first Australian woman to stand for election in a national parliament.
separate election attempts, insisting on running as an independent.
Her mother died in childbirth when Cowan was aged seven, and years later her father — who had descended into alcoholism — murdered his second wife and was hanged.
"She faced some difficult circumstances in a very disadvantaged family, but she was very stoic and managed to work through to help to get the vote for women in Western Australia, and to become Australia's first female parliamentarian, in 1921," Jenkins said.
Since 1995, Cowan's image has featured on Australia's $50 note.
Millicent Preston-Stanley was the first woman to be elected to the NSW Legislative Assembly in 1925, declaring in her first address that it was "an extraordinary thing that men claim they can interpret women's legislative ambitions better than women can do it themselves".
Preston-Stanley was a single woman during her three-year stint in Parliament, which was very unusual at the time. She married later in life, at the age of 51.
"When Millicent was elected, the reaction of the media was that she was just a touch masculine," Jenkins said.
Zelda D'Aprano is probably best known for chaining herself to the railings of the Commonwealth Building in Melbourne to protest the Equal Pay decision of 1969.
In 1977, D'Aprano wrote her autobiography, Zelda: The Becoming of a Woman. She died on 21 February 2018.
The above quote from Anna Bligh, Queensland's first female premier, goes some way to explaining the roots of her feminism. Raised by her mother under the shadow of an abusive father, she saw the effects of domestic violence first-hand.
A proud Queenslander, Bligh rose through the ranks to succeed Peter Beattie as premier, having served as the state's first female education minister.
"As a minister, she was instrumental in establishing the Forde Inquiry, which uncovered an awful litany of neglect and abuse of children in Queensland institutions," Jenkins said.
Arguably one of Australia's most polarising political leaders, Julia Gillard's legislative record may always be overshadowed by the way she came into power.
Gillard became Australia's first female deputy prime minister in 2007, and in 2010 ousted Kevin Rudd to become the nation's first female prime minister.
"Certainly her record as a legislator was impressive, but in my view that mark will always be there, that she got in by knifing a very popular prime minister," Associate Professor Jenkins said.
Once criticised for being "deliberately barren", Gillard fought against sexism in parliament. In what was perhaps her most popular speech, she famously accused the then opposition leader, Tony Abbott, of misogyny.
Associate Professor Cathy Jenkins teaches journalism and communications at ACU's School of Arts in Queensland. Her research interests include the media coverage of female politicians, journalism history and media ethics. Her book was published in 2008.


text:
Law / The League
Poor Partners
by Burt Likko · February 16, 2014
This post is part of our Love Symposium. An introduction to the symposium can be found here; all of the posts written for the symposium can be found here.
Much has been written, recently, about bans on same-sex marriage being found (at last!) to violate the Constitution, just as in a past generation other laws banning marriages between people of different racial identification groups were also incompatible with the idea of a free people living under the rule of Constitutional law. So I need not belabor the point that when lawmakers try to tell people who they should or should not love, the laws they create almost always fail.
But this is only one example of my thesis: the law is only minimally compatible with humans who experience love; the two are so different from each other that they cannot but help get in each others' way from time to time. Fundamentally, the law is about regulating behaviors — incentivizing best behavior, punishing unacceptably bad behavior. Love is about an exchange of a particular emotion between two individual people. When one interferes with the other, very strange things happen. Rarely are they good.
1. "By The Power Vested In Me By The State…"
A couple years ago, I registered with Los Angeles County as a minister to perform a marriage ceremony for two close friends, and I thought that was one of the biggest thrills I've had since I got married myself.
The only legal requirements were that I call myself a minister, that the couple have completed and paid the fee for the application for the marriage license, and that there be a "solemnization ceremony" of some sort. I had to sign off on the license after the ceremony indicating that I had performed it. A few weeks later, I got a call from the county clerk, asking what kind of a minister I was. Following the advice of a friend who also presided over secular weddings and warned that such a call might come, I answered "Unitarian," which isn't strictly true, but it all worked out just fine.
Point is, all this business about what's in the ceremony can be whatever the spouses want. Or, in the case of my own wedding, what our families wanted, because as far as I was concerned, the legality was sufficient and the rest was done to please our families. So we got a religious invocation because that pleased my grandmother, a bit of subterfuge that I'm sure my best man wisely arranged behind my back.
If it were otherwise — if only a formally ordained minister were the "minister" able to officiate — if there were certain words that had to be said in the ceremony — if was some sort of substantive content requirement that the solemnization ceremony had to satisfy — if the rules about is or isn't a "real" wedding get into those kinds of questions, then we're looking at a potential for a Free Exercise Clause violation, aren't we?
At least here, the law gets it right. Some involvement by the state is inevitable, but the content of how a marriage is created is something that people should be let to themselves to decide, absent a damn good reason why they shouldn't. I realize that this general principle leads to questions of consanguineous marriage or polyamory, and I think that however much most of us would find these issues distasteful to contemplate, we need to be deferential to how truly consenting adults choose to live their lives.
2. Love Overrides Litigation Strategy
The best story I ever heard about love and the law came from my ethics instructor in law school. He represented a plaintiff in a personal injury suit. This story helped me get through a rather long, second-and-later-dateless stretch of time in my social life that occurred early in my legal career. Goes something like this.
The plaintiff worked in a shop in a strip mall. The space next door was under renovation.
So, she's hanging a picture on the wall, and for a moment kind of loses her balance while standing on a stepladder. There was a moment she sort of lost her balance, so she placed the palm of one of her hands flat on the drywall and steadied herself.
That's right when the guy working on the wall on the other side punched through the drywall with his drill. He'd been expecting to find a stud or a beam, so he'd put some strength into it. Only there wasn't a beam, just a sheet of drywall.
You can guess what was on the other side of that drywall. In a fraction of a second, he'd drilled straight through the plaster and the tip of the bit came out of the back side of my client's hand.
So that's a pretty good negligence case there, right? Only one problem. The plaintiff instructed me that she did not want to sue the guy. Why? Why, you ask? Because after this, they had started dating!
That dude must have been really charming.
And it was something of an inspiration for me, during a dry patch in my dating history — if one person in the first place forgive another person for literally driving a drill through her hand, but then go on to fall in love with him afterwards, then there must be hope for everyone to find a suitable mate. I caution those who are out there looking to get in to a long-term relationship, try to avoid "causing your potential mate potentially lifelong personal injuries" as the strategy of choice for making that initial connection, despite the fact that it could make for the most colorful "So, how did you two meet?" story ever.
The point of the story, of course, is that the lawyer had to follow his client's instructions. He had to figure out some other way to not name the boyfriend as a defendant, even though the requirements of pleading under California law would seem to require it.
In this story, love triumphed over law. But you can see how they would clash here.
3. Failed Nomenclature
Among the relics of common law that I find least compatible with modern notions of ordinary life is the way that common law labels marriage as a "contract." Legally speaking, a contract is a special form of transaction, in which both parties agree to exchange something of value, and whose object is not contrary to law. Such a transaction is given the powerful benefit of judicial enforcement: people can be made to stick to their deals and give the other party the benefit of her bargain. This, for the most part, is a powerful tool for enabling and promoting commerce and economic activity.
So is that what marriage is all about? Maybe if we consider marriage as a transaction for chattel, a formalization of a business or political relationship, or a means by which an individual's social standing and reputation were enhanced, it becomes a relatively easy thing to monetize the value of a marriage. Maybe it's even possible to put a price tag on socially legitimized sexual relations.
But in our modern world, most of us typically adhere to a notion of adults self-selecting one another for marriage, for marriage to be sought by individuals principally for things like love, sex, formation of a common household, and childrearing. Certainly we all realize that marriage may exist for any of a number of reasons, and most people would tend to agree that why people choose to marry is really no one else's business. And particularly not the business of the government or the public at large.
Now, if we call this relationship a contract, then we are indicating that it is an important enough exchange of promises that the government will enforce the benefit of the bargain. But to do so requires an analysis of the terms of the bargain. Not all marriages are alike. Many, but not all, marriages include promises of sexual fidelity. Yet there are open marriages. And of sexual activity between the marital partners! Yet there are sexless marriages. Or the mutual expectation of procreation and childrearing. Yet there are childless marriages. Or the formation and maintenance of a common household. Yet there are spouses who live their lives apart from one another, maintaining separate homes, separate bank accounts, and so on. There is no typical set of promises exchanged in modern marriages, because modern marriage is what the spouses make of it. The government oversteps its bounds, in a way that even the most interventionist of observers is likely to agree with, when it attempts to tell spouses what their marriage should be like.
And then there's the question of breaching the contract, and how to remedy such a breach. Since this sort of traditional, Western, Christian-lensed vision of marriage is inherently an exchange of promises, the promise to marry is, itself, the consideration to the contract. Which means that breaking an engagement is breaking the contract. Which means the other party can bring a lawsuit for breach of contract to get the benefit of the bargain, raising the vexatious question of the form of the remedy.
How is the court going to deliver the benefit of the promise of sexual fidelity to the plaintiff — with an injunction, perhaps? Or the expected contribution to the plaintiff's household — isn't that involuntary servitude, forbidden by the Thirteenth Amendment? So the remedy becomes money, and now we're talking about the money for the loss of consortium, which is a tort remedy and not a contract remedy. Even so, if the defendant had gone through with the marriage and then immediately filed for divorce (see below), there would be no cause of action at all, so the whole exercise is just plain silly.
Now, if you want to say the phrase "contract of marriage" is a figure of speech, not a literal contract, knock yourself out. Please be conscious, though, that we aren't talking about a legal contract. Nevertheless, the intellectual shorthand of the phrase "contract of marriage" contaminates a lot of thought and discussion about what marriage actually is. Marriage is a special sort of relationship between two people, to be sure, but not every relationship is contractual, nor ought it to be.
4. The Torts of Love
Alfred, Lord Tennyson, wrote that "'Tis better to have loved and lost / Than never to have loved at all." And in seven states of the Union to this day, Lord Tennyson was surely right, because having loved and subsequently lost, you may very well have picked up a viable tort cause of action!
The tort of alienation of affection is the most common "heart balm law" out there. If someone breaks up your nice marriage, why not sue them? Here's what you have to prove:
1. Plaintiff and plaintiff's spouse were happily married, with genuine love and affection (not necessarily free from all problems) existing within that marital relationship.
2. The love and affection was alienated (that is, destroyed, or diverted elsewhere).
3. The reason for the loss of love and affection were the result of wrongful and malicious actions by the defendant.
Sexual intercourse may have taken place typically gives rise to a rebuttable inference of malice. A typical defense to malice is lack of knowledge of the existence of marriage.
Note that sexual intercourse between the plaintiff's spouse and the defendant is not necessary. In theory, anyone who maliciously breaks up a marriage or renders it loveless can be found liable for this — giving rise to claims like "My mother-in-law turned my husband against me!"
The tort of "criminal conversation" is a bit easier to prove, having only two principal elements:
1. Actual marriage between the plaintiff and the plaintiff's spouse; and
2. Sexual intercourse between the plaintiff's spouse and the defendant during the marriage.
Note that knowledge of the fact that one's sexual partner is married is not an element of the tort, and therefore it is not a defense to the tort. So some dude you met at the bar and figured "what the hell, he'll do," well, you might not say that if you knew he was married. But he might lie to you and say he's not married so as to not obstruct his opportunity to bump uglies, and the next day you'll find his wife suing you for having slept with her husband and you've got no defense to it. Doesn't seem even remotely fair to me. Seems like the wife might have some sort of a moral right to take a Louisville Slugger to both of the headlights on his pretty little four-by-four, but that's between husband and wife and more important, not a civil lawsuit for damages against someone whose only failure was an inability to take her whiskey.
Most states have abolished these common law causes of action. However, alienation of affection and criminal conversation remain viable tort theories in Illinois, Mississippi, New Hampshire, New Mexico, North Carolina, South Dakota, and Utah. Not even three years ago, a court in North Carolina gave a thirty million dollar judgment in favor of the ex-wife of a wealthy businessman, and against the former girlfriend who subsequently had married the man.
Perhaps the most interesting defense to these tort theories is "connivance." If the plaintiff did something to induce the spouse to cheat, or if the plaintiff consented to the affair, then that's a complete defense to the tort. So if there is an "open marriage" arrangement or some similar sort of consent, the suit fails. If you sent in a honey-pot to see if your spouse could be tempted, the suit fails. Also, if you were separated, the suit fails.
In states where these kinds of claims are still viable legal theories, they are typically employed as means of enhancing one's bargaining strength in negotiations concerning division of property appurtenant to a dissolution of marriage. Gratefully, the majority of states agree with me that the whole notion of suing your spouse's lover to recover tort damages seems desperately silly and have enacted "heart balm" statutes that formally abolish these causes of action. They apply to more general sorts of torts, such as intentional infliction of emotional distress, as well as to the formal claims described here.
5. Faulty Divorce
The notion of tort claims as supplements to dissolution of marriage actions becomes all the sillier when one considers that the trend in the law is to move towards no-fault divorce. A majority of states have no-fault divorce laws, in which whichever party is thought to be somehow morally at fault for causing the failure of the marriage pays some sort of penalty to the other party when it comes time to deal with arrangements for the custody of children and the division of marital property.
Divorces are among the most emotionally wrenching of all kinds of law. And they are also either the most common, or the second-most common, way by which ordinary people interact with the courts. The competitor is traffic tickets, something which guarantees that for about 90% of the population, the only time they interact with the court is when they are getting divorced or getting punished for speeding. No wonder people don't like the legal system: nothing good ever happens to them when they go to court.
The law of divorce is a classic facet of study in legal evolution. In the early nineteenth century, the spiritual idea of a marriage as a contractual union between man and wife resulting in a single entity was taken as close to literally as it could be the law — the resulting union was called "the husband." Under the doctrine of coverture, the woman came under her husband's oversight and protection, with the emphasis on "oversight."
The doctrine traces back explicitly to Norman common law, imported to England from what is today France in the eleventh century. It traces back to the Roman concept of paterfamilias, by which the male head of a household was entitled by law to control and discipline his own home as he saw fit — up to and including killing his slaves, children, or wife, if that was necessary. (Actually doing this was generally condemned; the paterfamilias was supposed to hold the heavy power but only ever wield it with a very light hand, "light" being a somewhat relative term.)
Coverture was gradually abandoned out of the law at roughly the time of the women's suffrage movement, but relics of the doctrine persist in many states. One of the ways it persists is resistance to the parallel movement towards no-fault divorce.
For me, it's easy to take the idea of no-fault divorce for granted: if someone doesn't want to be married, then that person shouldn't be married, and the law should not force someone to stay married. But religious teachings, particularly Christian religious teachings, discourage divorce as sinful. So obstacles to divorce got written into the law. A spouse seeking a divorce would need to show any of a number of "reasons" why the marriage should be dissolved — abandonment, abuse, adultery, consanguinity, impotence or infertility, or failure to consummate. Note the assumption built in to the bulk of these "causes" that procreative sex is the underlying reason for marriage.
But as a practical matter, people simply fall out of love. Some thinkers in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century therefore devised a shortcut around the generally more sexually-driven causes for divorce by creating a new "cause," called "irreconcilable differences." Which gave pretty much anyone who wanted out of a marriage a path out — "We just don't get along" becomes a good cause for marriage.
This wasn't all. The old laws also tried to encourage good marriages, by imposing a financial penalty upon the party found to be "at fault," and requiring judges to delve into issues of who cheated on who first, or who was abusive or neglectful or who was less interested in sex with the other. The divorcing parties were given reason to throw all of this drama around because the party found to be "at fault" for the divorce would forfeit a portion of the marital estate.
Now, you can imagine how much fun most judges, and indeed most juries, found delving in to random peoples' sex lives to be. Other peoples' interpersonal dramas are at best horridly insipid. And so the result of many of these cases was a finding that both parties were equally at fault, so no penalty on either party would be assessed.
Some states, but not all, have dealt with this by adopting "no-fault" divorce, dispensing with the reasons why people get divorced or who caused the marriage to fail. At least one spouse says that it did fail, that's about all that the law needs to know, so split up the marital estate, figure out what's going to work best for any minor children, and be done with it. And some states have hybrid systems, where fault divorce and no-fault divorce co-exist.
And some other states, in an apparent effort to discourage divorce, impose waiting periods between the time a petition for divorce is filed and when a decree of marital dissolution is issued. These are sometimes called "reconciliation periods," and the couple are encouraged to attend therapy together and to seek a way to return to their marriage. Whether this is appropriate for the law to do, or not, is a question I leave to you.
The law is a clumsy, blunt tool to insert into delicate, malleable relationships. Love thrives in an atmosphere of freedom and autonomy. Peoples' autonomy deserves respect, and in a free society, the law should generally be subordinate to that idea. So when other people create rules that govern how, when, and who you love, it generally isn't going to work out well. Rather, when the rules are crafted to let people do as they will, love can flourish.
In classical art, Venus and Justicia, or alternatively Aphrodite and Athena, were typically not depicted together. The Norse never named the wife of Týr (with whom Loki slept to taunt him) and I cannot find a Norse myth in which Freja interacts with Týr. In Hindu myth, the love-god Kamadeva interacts with Shiva by shooting him with a love-arrow, much like Eros/Cupid in classical Greco-Roman myth — and Kamadeva is rewarded for rendering Shiva thus vulnerable to others by being incinerated by the great god. Nor am I aware of any Egyptian myth in which Ma'at, the goddess of justice, interacts with Hathor or Isis, the early and later divine representations of love.
The mythmakers and the artists realized something important here. We live in a world with both law and love. We need both; they are thus intellectual housemates in our society. But they are housemates who do not get along particularly well and the rest of us who share space with them should do our best to see to it that they remain segregated as much as possible.
Burt Likko is the pseudonym of an attorney in Southern California. His interests include Constitutional law with a special interest in law relating to the concept of separation of church and state, cooking, good wine, and bad science fiction movies. Follow his sporadic Tweets at @burtlikko, and his Flipboard at Burt Likko.
Tags: abandonmentabuseadulteryalienation of affectionchildrearingChristian influence on the lawcontractscoverturecriminal conversationDivorcelawloveLove SymposiummarriageMythologyno-fault divorcesexSymposiaTennyson
Burt Likko
Pseudonymous Portlander. Homebrewer. Atheist. Recovering Republican. Recovering Catholic. Recovering divorcé. Editor-in-Chief Emeritus of Ordinary Times. Relapsed Lawyer, admitted to practice law (under his real name) in California and Oregon. On Twitter, to his frequent regret, at @burtlikko. House Likko's Words: Scite Verum. Colite Iusticia. Vivere Con Gaudium.
Government and Going Through the Motions
President Trump has Subtle Thoughts on Never Trump
What Aaron Swartz Was Really Up Against
So what I got from this is as a single man I need to buy a drill.Report
Dan Miller in reply to Matty says:
And apparently single women really like being drilled. Go figure.Report
LeeEsq says:
The man in your story was either really charming or the woman in your story was into the bad boy type. Nothing says bad boy like reckless disregard for safety.Report
Alan Scott says:
Burt, I was under the impression that one could be temporarily deputized by the state to perform marriages without needing any kind of religious affiliation. Why didn't you go that route?Report
Burt Likko in reply to Alan Scott says:
1. To call yourself a minister is free. To get the one-off deputization costs something like $70.
2. Having called myself a minister once, if I enjoyed doing the ceremony (I did) I could thereafter do it again.
3. It amused me, and my friends, that I of all people be deemed a "minister."Report
zic in reply to Burt Likko says:
I quite like the concept of ministry as a person or thing through which something is accomplished, including the needs of individuals to be bound by marriage contract.
It does not require a religious connotation.
(And I wonder, now, if Christian conservatives would be more comfortable with government if, as in many other nations, we had 'ministries' instead of 'departments' and 'bureaus.')Report
Burt Likko in reply to Burt Likko says:
Ugh. See section 3 of the OP.
If they want to be bound, they can do that on their own time and with a safe word of their own choosing.Report
James Hanley in reply to Burt Likko says:
To call yourself a minister is free. To get the one-off deputization costs something like $70.
Smacks a bit of establishment, doesn't it?Report
It smells a little bit like that, yes.
But as I am living proof that one becomes a minister simply by calling oneself this and a purely secular person has the same opportunity to call himself a minister as does someone who has whatever theological credentials are generally accepted by a variety of religious organizations, this feels closer to an appropriate accommodation of religion rather than an impermissible establishment of it.Report
I'd say you're living proof that they aren't bothering to enforce the law carefully. That you had to misrepresent yourself to a public official (is there a potential implication for your bar status there?) still seems (mildly) problematic.Report
Reformed Republican in reply to Alan Scott says:
In Florida, a Notary Public is authorized to perform a marriage ceremony. Nothing remotely religious required.Report
Kim in reply to Reformed Republican says:
And in Pennsylvania, you don't need a marriage ceremony at all. Just witnesses.
(Yes, we are the Quaker State.)Report
zic says:
When my husband and I married, we wanted a JP, not a religious ceremony. So we went and talked to the JP for the town we lived in, and he was going to be away on vacation on the day we wished to marry. He said we should go to the man in the next town, and tell him he had permission to perform the wedding at our home in our town. We did that, and his response was, "Well, I'll look into it, and if it's not going to be legal, I'll just have you come here the night before and perform the ceremony here." We agreed to this, and not hearing any followup, continued with our plans.
On the day of our wedding, he showed up with a Methodist Priest in tow. Seems he'd forgotten to bother to check into the legalities, and the night before, began worrying on it. So he'd called his friend, asked him to tag along.
Here we are, a house full of guests assembled from all over the country for our wedding, and both a JP and a man of the cloth. My sweetie and I talked it over, and decided it wasn't worth making a fuss over. Plus, some religious component to the wedding would be a comfort to some of the elders. So we went to the priest, and told him to not use the word, "obey," replace it with "cherish." He agreed. The JP performed a ceremony (brief,) followed by the priests ceremony (also brief,) we essentially gave the same set of standard vows twice, promising to "Love, honor, and cherish," so long as we both shall live.
So who can and cannot perform a marriage ceremony can be vague.
It's probably good that we've had a successful marriage, because I think, to divorce, we might have required two judges and two decrees, or a judge's decree and an church's annulment.Report
Kim in reply to zic says:
We weren't sure whether we were married by law, because the computer system had broken down, and they were unable to accept payment at the time (we still paid, but they didn't enter it till later, one presumes — assuming they didn't just pocket the money…).
I suppose with the certificate signed by the judge (we got married at the county jail), it's legal enough to sue if anyone wants to bitch about it.Report
Pierre Corneille in reply to zic says:
I wasn't aware there were a lot of Methodist priests 🙂
My wife and I did a two-part marriage. We went to city hall last May and got legally married. Then in July, we had the BIG CELEBRATION and were married by a friend. Neither ceremony was religious. Given that she's Jewish and I am a lapsed Catholic turned former evangelical, that's how we wanted it. It was a great time. As good as the second time was, I still cherish both ceremonies. For us (or at least for me….although I think my wife would agree) there's something sentimentally nice about having the state recognize our relationship.Report
zic in reply to Pierre Corneille says:
Not being Methodist, I am unaware of the vernacular, and should probably have looked it up before commenting.
I remember you saying you were married, it seems like just a week or two ago! I hope it's been wonderful, and that you'll give her a hug and tell her I'm grateful for the joy you bring to each other. Double joy.Report
There is the Apple of Discord/Judgement of Paris story that features both Athena and Aphrodite. Not that Athena does a particularly good judge representing the majesty of the law there.Report
Burt Likko in reply to Fnord says:
Not only that, but in that story, Aphrodite and Athena are explicitly depicted as competitors rather than collaborators.Report
North in reply to Burt Likko says:
Paris was an idiot. Lordship of all of the Greeks or Lordship over all of Asia and you pick the affections of an already married woman?
Athena and Hera were awfully vengeful, but then again they're greek goddesses and vengefulness if kindof Hera's MO.Report
The drill was contact.
The hard part is making contact.Report
avoid "causing your potential mate potentially lifelong personal injuries" as the strategy of choice for making that initial connection
Hey, it worked for Rob and Laura Petrie!Report
Re: Nomenclature.
One of the joys of being in-house counsel in a small company is that I'm the only lawyer around. Recently I was asked about same-sex marriage and, naturally, the conversation devolved to the question of what is marriage.
Marriage, I answered, is not a contract and has never been a contract. It is a simultaneous change of status. You see, the law recognizes that the status of people towards their government changes over the course of their lives, usually in a binary way. We are either juveniles or adults, unwed or wed, incarcerated or free, incompetent or competent, etc. When our status changes, our rights and responsibilities — both toward our government and our fellow citizens — concomitantly changes.
The problem is that the word 'marriage' has both a civil meaning and a religious meaning. As to who had the word first and who stole it from the other, I leave to legal and religious historians. But looking at the issue purely as one of allowing (or depriving) two citizens who want to avail themselves of a particular status, it's pretty obvious (at least to me) that disallowing same-sex marriages is both an equal protection and a due process violation.
(My god, it must be Monday. I said less using more words than usual.)Report
Burt Likko in reply to Francis says:
How did this go over with your office-mates?Report
Francis in reply to Burt Likko says:
The ones who hadn't fallen asleep from boredom or gone screaming down the hallways actually thought that looking at marriage as a status change was an interesting way of looking at it, and not one that they had ever thought of.
One individual was particularly amused by comparing marriage to incarceration. I recommended couples therapy.Report
Thanks for this, Burt. I've gotten myself into more than a couple arguments with hard-core libertarian types who insist that the government has no legitimate business interfering in a private contract.
My response has been that people who say that fundamentally misapprend the nature of marriage. It's not a contract, but a certification of a particular relationship status. The nearest equivalent might be adoption papers or even a real estate deed.Report
Neil Obstat says:
Back in the late '70s my mother got a wild hair going, and got herself credentialed by the "Universal Life Church" as a minister, registered a nominal church entity, and got herself recognized by the state of Ohio to perform weddings. She did a few, enjoyed herself immensely while doing it, but it fell by the wayside over time. She also "ordained" my brother & myself as her associate ministers. I still have the ID card stuck in a photo album.Report
Kim in reply to Neil Obstat says:
My husband's credentialed to marry folks.
Not by a faith he's currently practicing, but eh.
He's also credentialed in a variety of other things
one might find "useful".Report
Next story Babylonia!
Previous story Q.E.D.
Is running out of vaccines a bad thing? We're not trying...
Brandon Berg in reply to Brandon Berg on What, exactly, is a $2000 check?On a related note, I just came across this this ho…


text:
<?php

namespace Sylius\Bundle\TaxonomyBundle\Form\Type;

use Sylius\Bundle\ResourceBundle\Form\EventSubscriber\AddCodeFormSubscriber;
use Sylius\Bundle\ResourceBundle\Form\Type\AbstractResourceType;
use Sylius\Bundle\TaxonomyBundle\Form\EventListener\BuildTaxonFormSubscriber;
use Symfony\Component\Form\FormBuilderInterface;

/**
 * @author Paweł Jędrzejewski <pawel@sylius.org>
 * @author Gonzalo Vilaseca <gvilaseca@reiss.co.uk>
 */
class TaxonType extends AbstractResourceType
{
    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     */
    public function buildForm(FormBuilderInterface $builder, array $options)
    {
        $builder
            ->add('translations', 'a2lix_translationsForms', [
                'form_type' => 'sylius_taxon_translation',
                'label' => 'sylius.form.taxon.name',
            ])
            ->addEventSubscriber(new AddCodeFormSubscriber())
            ->addEventSubscriber(new BuildTaxonFormSubscriber($builder->getFormFactory()))
        ;
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     */
    public function getName()
    {
        return 'sylius_taxon';
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Project History and Acknowledgements
The PIMETA v1 Headphone Amplifier was a reimagining of the popular META42, the redesign forced by the discontinuation of the wonderful EL2001 and 2002 buffers after Intersil bought out Elantec. I chose to go with the Burr-Brown BUF634, meanwhile making a lot of other design improvements.
The impetus behind the PIMETA v2 redesign was similar: BUF634 availability turned out to be unsteady and unpredictable. There would be plenty for months on end, then dry spells of weeks to months, with no way to tell how long each spell would last. This was irritating enough by itself, but was compounded by my sense of loss for the Elantecs, which I thought sounded better.
I chose the BUF634 by a wish for a low supply current option, matching the Elantecs. I thought that was important at the time, but it's slowly become clear to me that most people choose to throw this advantage out the window, in favor of better sound quality. (Obvious to me now in retrospect, of course.) Given that low supply current isn't a critical design consideration for most people, and given the need to choose a different buffer, I began re-examining the field.
The chip that came to the forefront was the LMH6321, primarily because it's a near drop-in replacement for the BUF634 in the PIMETA v1 circuit, making it easy to do the early tests. I found that I really liked the sound. They drink a lot more current than BUF634s in low-bandwidth mode, but if you dial up the bandwidth or stack the buffers so they draw the same current, they still don't sound as good as the LMH6321s, in my opinion.
Having made my buffer choice, I began looking at all the other things that had changed since the v1 redesign, both in the world, and in my outlook as a designer. I found lots of room for improvement.
Having resigned myself to using a surface-mount only chip, I decided to allow much more surface-mount components in this amp than in v1, largely due to experience with other audio circuit projects. I've come to believe that there is just a lot of FUD out there about SMT, which really has no bearing when you're talking about relatively large parts like those in the PIMETA v2.
This focus on SMT in turn forced the 4-layer design. With a pure thru-hole design, you have more room between pins and more options for getting traces from one side of the board to the other, using these pins as oversized vias. The much greater density of the PIMETA v2 design wouldn't have been possible in 2 layers.
Another decision from the META42 and PIMETA v1 days that I revisited in v2 is the need for four rail caps. We did this in the META42 simply because we had the room. When I did the PIMETA v1 redesign, I brought that along without really reexamining it, despite the design goal of making a smaller PPA type circuit. In the PPA, the power reservoir caps span the supply rails, rather than going from power to ground, as in the META42. Running the caps to ground allows you to get away with a weaker grounding scheme, because they lower the ground impedance, but it means you need twice as many caps to get the same effective capacitance. In PIMETA v2, we have a full-fledged split ground channel with a dedicated ground plane. There's simply no need to swamp the active components with big caps. That in turn let me cut the number of caps in half while still retaining the same effective rail capacitance.
That then opened the door to the scratchpad. I haven't seen this lead to a lot of FrankenPIMETAs, but one can hope. I hope other DIY amp designs adopt this perfboard section idea.
Another decision I revisted was the class A biasing scheme. The low parts count and high performance of a JFET based CCS makes it attractive, but it has one big weakness: you have to hand-match JFETs for IDSS. No one likes doing this, so I ended up offering matched JFET sets in my shop. In all the years I did this, I saw almost no one match their own JFETs, even after I raised my prices to cover the growing irritation I had in the chore. You may think you hate matching JFETs, but guess how much I like it after hand-binning thousands of the damned things. :) The change to the LMH6321 opened up enough room for a few more parts, allowing the change to an adjustable bipolar type CCS.
Several other good things came out of the redesign: elimination of the C1 jumpers, better bypassing, etc.
The idea to add all the Molex KK connectors is due to linuxworks. He made one of the last PIMETA v1 amps, a highly modular thing with lots of upgrades, with none of these add-ons hard-wired to the board. Even the volume control was off-board. (The latest version of his creation is here.) We'd given a lot of thought to putting pads on common 0.1" centers in past designs, even adding Molex KK pads in several of them, but it made sense to take this further, making room for the somewhat bulky but popular and functional Molex KKs everywhere possible.
Many people offered useful commentary during the initial redesign. Notable among these are bdhornback, cobaltmute, joneeboi, kristleifur, linuxworks, MisterX, PRR, and voodoochile. All of these people were offered prototype boards, and most did build one and offered further helpful commentary. The v2 wouldn't be as good without their help. Thanks, guys.
Version 2.01, 2009.08.17:
First production run.
The initial prototypes. Only 7 of them went out into the wide world to be tested.
<< Tweaks
Updated Fri Dec 16 2022 12:23 MST Go back to PIMETA v2 Headphone Amplifier Go to my home page


This Easy Side Dish is Perfect for Thanksgiving!
Crazy as it seems, Thanksgiving is upon us faster than we'd like to think. If you're planning on heading to a potluck dinner come the end of November, you need a dish that's going to be easy to whip up, unlike anything else on the spread, and a total crowd-pleaser. Luckily, we have just the dish for you!
Casseroles are always a go-to winner, especially for the holiday season. Not only are they the ultimate soul-warming comfort food (perfect for a chilly Thanksgiving or Christmas day), but they're easy to make, too.
All you have to do to pull off the perfect casserole is pile on layers of flavors and bake. It's that easy.
But just because this is a simple format for a side dish, you shouldn't settle for a less-than-delicious casserole recipe! Instead, you should definitely try this unbelievable corn casserole, from MyRecipes.
For anyone wondering what corn casserole is, trust us, it's delicious. Corn casserole is a sweet, moist side dish, with an amazing consistency and just a hint of corn. It kind of reminds me of a big, warm slice of corn bread. Yeah, it's amazing.
Best all of, it's extremely easy to make. And we're not just saying that, either.
With only seven ingredients (one of which is just cooking spray) you're already off to a good start. But essentially, all you do is mix the six ingredients, pour the mixture into a greased baking pan, and bake for 45 minutes. When you're done, you'll have a crispy, warm casserole that could pass for dessert as well as a side dish!
This side dish can be made in under an hour, which you'll be hard-pressed to find true for any Thanksgiving dish! (Except for jarred cranberry sauce, but that doesn't count.) That means that you can literally make this the morning of your potluck dinner/lunch, and bring it to the party fresh and warm.
You are going to be the hit of the dinner party!
Truthfully, the one time I brought this dish to a Thanksgiving dish, the casserole dish was empty in just a couple minutes! People couldn't get enough of the sweet, crunchy texture, and I got all the praise for this amazing recipe. Little did they know it was so incredibly easy to make.
What do you think of this simple, delicious side dish? Will you try making this corn casserole for an upcoming potluck? Do you have a side dish that's already your Thanksgiving go-to? Share your thoughts and favorite potluck recipes in the comments section below.
Combine first 6 ingredients (your egg substitute, butter, whole corn, creamed corn, muffin mix, and yogurt) in a medium bowl; stir well.
Pour into an 8-inch square baking dish coated with cooking spray.


The Tihange Nuclear Power Station is one of the two large-scale nuclear power plants in Belgium, the other being Doel Nuclear Power Station. It is located on the right bank of the Meuse River in the Belgian district of Tihange, part of Huy municipality in the Walloon province of Liège. The primary stakeholder in the plant is the Belgian energy company Electrabel.


text:
Q: How to change HTML background programmatically? I have an app built using Android Studio. The application simply displays HTML pages from the assets folder. These HTML pages were written by Microsoft Office FrontPage.
In Android I have a simple webview that is:
public class Web_Activity extends AppCompatActivity {;
    int pageNum;
    WebView webView;
    String Title;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_web);
        WebView webView = (WebView) findViewById(R.id.webView);

        WebView webView1 = (WebView)findViewById(R.id.webView);
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.HONEYCOMB) {
            webView.getSettings().setDisplayZoomControls(false);
        }
        webView.getSettings().setBuiltInZoomControls(true);

        Intent intent = getIntent();
        String link = intent.getStringExtra("link");

        webView.loadUrl("file:///android_asset/"+link);
    }
}

This is the page template:

        <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;" charset="windows-1256">

    Hi! Here texts are displayed, formatted, etc.

What I need is to add an in-app button within WebView that changes the background of the HTML page.
This:

Change it, for example, to:

I want to put a white background and a black one and change as desired. I've spent hours searching for a way within the Q&A and my head is spinning, and I can't find a solution to it.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Home » Our Physicians » Tonny Lee, MD
Dr. Lee is a board certified gastroenterologist who specializes in all aspects of gastrointestinal and liver disorders. He has a special interest in viral hepatitis and has dedicated his practice toward advanced diagnostic and therapeutic endoscopy.
After graduating as valedictorian from high school in 1990, Dr. Lee was accepted into the Integrated B.A./M.D. Honors Program in Medical Education at Northwestern University in Evanston, Illinois. He continued his medical education at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine in Chicago, Illinois. He graduated with honors in 1997, and then came to California, where he completed his internship and residency in Internal Medicine at University of Southern California Medical Center. There, he was the recipient of the Best Resident Award in 1999, an honor voted by his peers. Dr. Lee then completed his Gastroenterology fellowship at the UCLA Center for the Health Sciences/Harbor-UCLA Medical Center from 2000 to 2003, with special focus and research on pancreatico-biliary disorders and advanced therapeutic endoscopy. He joined the South Bay Gastroenterology Medical Group in 2003, and has enjoyed private practice tremendously. With a keen interest in patient education and health awareness, Dr. Lee has been a strong proponent of colorectal cancer prevention and viral hepatitis management with frequent lectures to the South Bay community and healthcare providers. He has continued to champion novel treatment modalities for the patients, including new hemorrhoidal treatment techniques as well as being instrumental in establishing the protocol for fecal microbiota transplantation. In recent years, Dr. Lee has become an active member of the medical community with dedicated involvements in multiple committees at his hospitals. Since 2012, he has served multiple terms as the Chief of the Department of Medicine and Secretary/Treasurer of the Medical Staff at Torrance Memorial Medical Center. At Providence Little Company of Mary Medical Center, he is currently the Chair of the Gastroenterology Division and Medical Director of the GI Lab. In addition, Dr. Lee has also served many years as a clinical instructor in the Division of Gastroenterology at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center/David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA.He resides in the South Bay with his wife, Jessica, a Dentist Anesthesiologist, and their two children. He is fluent in Mandarin and Taiwanese.
Dr. Lee is currently a member of the American College of Gastroenterology, American Gastroenterological Association, American Society For Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Southern California Gastroenterology Society, Asian Health Foundation, and the Asian-American Physicians Association.
Torrance Memorial Medical Center and Providence Little Company of Mary Medical Center, Torrance, CA.


text:
Latest Update: January 31, 2017 1:09 pm
Home - Mobile - Huawei P8 Lite (2017) to arrive in UK on 1st of Feb
Huawei P8 Lite (2017) to arrive in UK on 1st of Feb
A couple of weeks ago, Huawei made an announcement which surprised a lot of people, an announcement made regarding their new phone, the Huawei P8 Lite (2017). The surprise did not come due to the Chinese company releasing yet another fine mid-range phone, but most of the surprise came due to the naming of the phone, and not because of the moniker used, but due to the name used in general. You would've thought the name would be the P9 Lite, from 2016, the previous year, and not the P8 Lite, from 2015, which is the case.
But aside from the illogical controversial naming, the P8 Lite seems to be a very decent mid range phone overall, and now it's coming to the UK. Vodafone will start selling the phone on the first of February, and at the beginning, this will be only in stores, and through telesales. For an unknown reason, online sales will commence after some time. The phone comes with the good news that it won't cost you a lot, considering today's market. You would be able to purchase the phone on Pay as you go for 185 pounds, and if you wouldn't mind waiting, then you can also go on a 16 pound a month plan for 24 months. One important thing to note is that only the black model will be available.
The P8 Lite would run on Android 7.0 Nougat, underneath Huawei's latest EMUI 5.0 overlay, and it comes with the 5.2-inch 1080p touchscreen, a 12 MP camera, and an 8 MP selfie snapper. The phone has 3GB of RAM, 16 GB of built-in storage, and also supports microSD for expansion. The phone also has an impressive 3000 mAh battery.
PTA and ISOC to conduct Mobile App developers award ceremony
Faisal Sattar – The new vice president of Mobilink


Bombono DVD seeks for a new maintainer.
Fork Bombono DVD on Github.
Thanks to Christian Marillat, Askhat Bakarov, Behnam Momeni for making and collecting recent patches.
Catbo, the brand new web service for translators.
Let me introduce the brand new web service for translators, Catbo.
Catbo is a free computer-assisted translation web service, CAT; it is designed to help a human translator to translate documentation and other texts. Automatic machine translation systems available today like Google Translate are not able to produce high-quality translations.
Catbo has full support for texts in the HTML and XHTML formats. To make sure Catbo is a high quality and a modern product just look at the project HTML5_enru which aims to translate the latest HTML5 specification into Russian. Our next goal is to support wikipedia/mediawiki format, pdf and so on (odt/docx/xml/docbook/rst/...).
Every Catbo user may help to translate documents. Moreover, we the Catbo developers encourage users to participate in making translations in a wiki manner. Join our forum at forum.bombono.org, where you can ask questions about Catbo and discuss your projects.
So, you are welcome to try Catbo!
To download package directly, use the "Browse available packages" link at http://rpmfusion.org/.
Bombono DVD has been packaged for Fedora 16 in RPM Fusion. RPM Fusion ships Fedora packages which cannot be shipped from the main project, e. g. due to US patent laws.
In the beginning (i. e., April) bombono-dvd lives in the rpmfusion-free-updates-testing repository. Experienced Fedora users know how to enable this and install the package.
For others, the package will be readily available after the testing period, just as rpmfusion is enabled. During the test period it can be downloaded from i386 or x86_64.
The tutorial by Fred R.
Now Bombono DVD can fully utilize multi-core CPUs: it spawns transcoding jobs in parallel and/or use -threads the option of ffmpeg rationally. Depending on your CPU it can greatly reduce time to make DVD.
The tutorial by Dietrich Martin. Further wikihelp from native speakers ist welcome.
The project site http://www.bombono.org has been moved from SourceForge hosting. If you notice any errors with the site, please contact me on the forum or by email (below).
Bombono DVD 1.0.3: not to crash when opening dialogs for save/open files (thanks to gianca).
The article from Antonio Cantaro.
One fix: not to crash when opening certainly edited mpeg2 video files (thanks to barsnick).
See Download for the Windows installer.
One fix: not to crash when opening elementary video streams (*.m2v; thanks to OldPaul).
Additionally, Dr. John v. Kampen has published nice article and screencast about Bombono DVD and OpenShot Video Editor.
Now Bombono DVD can handle all video formats, thanks to FFmpeg. Transcoding is to be done when required; to adjust transcoding options (bitrate, dimensions) just right-click with the mouse at the video in Media List and choose Bitrate Calculator.
Motion menus can be rendered (with ffmpeg as encoder); to set a menu as a motion one just right-click it in Menu Browser and choose Menu Settings; set "motion" flag, duration, etc and try to build the project. Background and frame items (everything) will be motion if they can; use Set Poster feature to adjust it your own way.
It's time for translating Bombono DVD to your native language! See more how you can help.
Error message box about rejected files is not too big now.
Also, now you can subscribe to Bombono mailing list and ask questions on the forum or IRC.
Thanks to Henrik and Vienna for big files problem and other reports.
Issue/bug tracking system is opened for the project.
Repositories for Ubuntu and ALT Linux are available. See Download.
Thanks to Alexandre Poliakov and all who wrote me about issues in the program.
The first public version of Bombono DVD is available for download.


text:
WHL Roundup: Saturday, December 14, 2019
Staff The Canadian Press
PRINCE ALBERT, Sask. – Orrin Centazzo scored twice and Zane Franklin had three assists as the Kamloops Blazers defeated the Prince Albert Raiders 4-2 in Prince Albert on Saturday in Western Hockey League action.
Logan Stankoven and Ryan Hughes also scored for the Blazers (21-9-3), who are 6-0-3 in their last nine outings.
Brayden Watts and Evan Herman found the back of the net for the Raiders (20-8-4).
Dylan Garand made 25 saves for Kamloops as Carter Serhyenko turned aside 28 shots for Prince Albert.
HURRICANES 3 HITMEN 0
LETHBRIDGE, Alta. — Carl Tetachuk stopped all 31 shots his way, and the Hurricanes scored three times in the third period to topple Calgary.
Dino Kambeitz, Logan Barlage and Alex Cotton supplied the Lethbridge (20-9-5) offence.
Brayden Peters kicked out 26-of-28 shots for the Hitmen (15-10-4).
OIL KINGS 7 TIGERS 1
MEDICINE HAT, Alta. — Josh Williams recorded two goals and two assists, while captain Scott Atkinson scored twice in Edmonton's (22-6-7) rout over Medicine Hat (22-10-1). The Oil Kings have now gone unbeaten in regulation in their last eight games (7-0-1).
ROCKETS 5 WARRIORS 4 (OT)
MOOSE JAW, Sask. — Kaedan Korczak scored his second goal of the night 31 seconds into overtime to lift Kelowna (18-10-3) over the Warriors (10-17-2).
EVERETT 3 GIANTS 2
EVERETT, Wash. — Bryce Kindopp scored twice, including the winner and his league-leading 23rd of the season at 12:57 of the third period, as Everett (22-6-2) eked out a win over Vancouver (14-14-2).
COUGARS 4 ROYALS 2
PRINCE GEORGE, B.C. — Ilijah Colina scored a couple goals, including the winner at 6:17 in the third period, to help Prince George (7-20-4) end a six-game winless streak. With the win, the Cougars also snapped a 10-game losing streak against Victoria (16-10-2).
REBELS 3 BRONCOS 1
RED DEER, Alta. — Cameron Hausinger scored the first of the Rebels' two third-period goals as Red Deer (12-17-3) handed Swift Current (6-22-1) its ninth consecutive loss.
CHIEFS 5 THUNDERBIRDS 2
KENT, Wash. — Adam Beckman recorded a hat trick and matched a career-high with five points in Spokane's (18-9-3) victory over Seattle (10-17-3). The Chiefs have now won six in a row, marking their longest winning streak since the 2014-15 season (seven games).
WINTERHAWKS 8 AMERICANS 1
KENNEWICK, Wash. — Clay Hanus scored twice and was one of seven different Winterhawks who scored as Portland (22-6-3) won big against Tri-City (12-14-3) to earn their sixth consecutive win.
© 2019 The Canadian Press


text:
YAAP onboards new clients, Manan Kapur takes charge of Influencer Marketing Business
in Advertising, Featured
Mumbai: With its vision 'Built For Now', YAAP, a new-age specialized content design, discovery & distribution company, has won over 20 new businesses and 4 awards in the last few months. The clients onboarded are largely from BFSI, travel & tourism, government and gaming sectors covering names such as NPCI, Mobile Premier League, NITI Aayog, Meghalaya Tourism and Dubai Fitness Challenge. YAAP will be responsible for the content strategy & development, influencer marketing, media buying and social media of these new mandates.
Owing to the unpredictable market situation where industries are collapsing and employees are in continued distress due to pay cuts, YAAP continues to celebrate its employees' efforts with no pay cuts and no layoffs. Moreover, appraisals have been conducted.
It is said that every new phase often comes with hurdles. With this, YAAP would like to announce that Irfan Khan has moved on from the company. He was a partner at YAAP where he was responsible for the influencer marketing vertical, new business development and overall operations of the company. Manan Kapur, partner at YAAP will be taking on the influencer marketing business.
Sharing his views on the company's novel moves, Irfan Khan, Partner, YAAP, said, "In my time at YAAP, we achieved the growth trajectory few companies have, especially in the content and influencer marketing space. We successfully led some of the biggest content-led activations across India and the Middle East. It's always bittersweet to leave a place enjoyed and helped nurture, but today we have a solid foundation that has been set. I'm positive the team will take it to greater heights in the near future."
Manan Kapur
Manan Kapur, Partner, YAAP, said, "The past year has seen a drastic shift in the status quo, and YAAP was no exception. This change meant we had to be more agile and adapt to the new normal while keeping our team, our clients & our partners as our primary priority. And now, as 2020 comes to a close, we have an ever-expanding team, we've forged many new relationships and we're entering the new year stronger than ever, because of our unfaltering passion and our unwavering vision. I look forward to adding influencer marketing to my responsibilities and build on the strong foundation set by Irfan."
Tags: Irfan Khan YAAPManan Kapur YAAP
RB relaunches Colin with the added benefit of germ removal
New Delhi: RB (Reckitt Benckiser), relaunched Colin, India's No.1 glass and household cleaner brand in an all-new avatar today. The...
The Moms Co. launches #MaaKaExpertPartner campaign featuring actress Genelia Deshmukh
The Moms Co., India's leading toxin-free & natural mom & baby care D2C brand has launched a new nationwide cross-platform...


If you hate mazes, stop reading now, but if the thought of a labyrinthine adventure appeals to your masochistic tendencies, then you'll be thrilled to hear about the PC launch of Mr. Maze.
Penny Porter is just such a maze lover. Unfortunately for her, "the fun and thrill of solving them at a local attraction is soon cut short when the mysterious Maze Meister appears and captures her." Players control Penny's father, reluctantly dragged along on his daughter's adventure, and it is now up to you to follow the two of them into a "strange land" and "solve many maddening mazes to rescue her." In the process, you'll attempt to answer a number of important questions as well: "Who is the Maze Meister? What is this place he dwells in? And why has he captured Penny?"
Described as a "light-hearted fantasy tale," Mr. Maze is presented in first-person, free-roaming 3D that will take you through a variety of environments from the Sunset Realm to Brain Mountain. Not that you're free to roam anywhere you want, of course, as you must make your way through "10+ mazes of varying difficulty" in order to succeed. Throughout this mysterious realm, there will also be a number of different characters to meet and "achievements, additional puzzles and secrets" to uncover along the way.
Designed to be the "first in [a] new series of 'road-trip' 3D adventure games" from Screen 7's Mark Lovegrove, the budget-priced Mr. Maze is available now on Steam for Windows PC.
Penny Porter loves mazes and has dragged her reluctant father to a local exhibit.


Dec. 2, 2017 8:10 p.m.
In the end, the championship experience of the Semiahmoo Totems came through.
The Totems won the first two sets 25-21 and 25-22 of the gold-medal match of the BC high school volleyball AAA championships on Saturday night at the Langley Events Centre.
So when the Mount Baker Wild — the tournament's top seed — came roaring back with 25-18 and 25-12 victories to force a fifth and deciding game, the Totems were able to draw on last year's experience, when they captured the provincial banner.
"You know sometimes you see the light at the end of the tunnel and think it's the sun? Well it was a train," said Semiahmoo coach Michael Sapic.
The coach said he didn't even let his players to the bench after the one-sided fourth set.
All he told them was that the first four sets didn't matter and that at the start of the season, they would have gladly accepted the chance to play in the fifth set of the gold-medal game.
The teams were tied at six in that decisive set, but the Totems scored nine of the final 15 points to win 15-12.
"I just told myself and my team to stay calm," said Semiahmoo's Mike Dowhaniuk, who earned his second consecutive most outstanding player award.
The Totems were seeded ninth for provincials after placing third at the Fraser Valley championships and Dowhaniuk said their semifinal loss at that tournament was a good wake-up call for the team.
Semiahmoo was second in their pool after going 2-1 on the first day of provincials. They then beat Kelowna 3-0 in the round of 16, won 3-1 over Penticton in the quarter-finals and 3-0 over Earl Marriott in the semifinals.
Mount Baker went 3-0 on the first day before winning 3-1 over Reynolds, 3-0 over Elgin Park and 3-0 over Seaquam on their way to the championship final.
"Coming out, the boys were playing a little scared," admitted Wild coach Karley Ferner. "The first two sets, giving them those two, obviously didn't help, but they weren't playing with confidence — they were playing a little bit scared, they were swinging a little scared.
The Wild's second-place finish matched their result from 2001, a best-ever for the program.
"We knew we had the talent. It's a good finish — it's bittersweet, we are really happy to get number two but of course, you want the win. But they put the work in and accomplished what they wanted to do," Ferner said.
Mount Baker's Quinn Grist and Caleb Peters were named first team all-stars while Semiahmoo's Tyler Buchanan and Adam Paige were also named to the team.


The official name of Russia is Российская Федерация (Rossiyskaya Federatsiya), translated as the Russian Federation.
Etymology. The word "Rus" may have originated from the Finnish name for Sweden, orignally used for the Viking "rowers" that settled on the coast, and then came to the area of the Kievan Rus'. Other researchers believe the word "Rus'" may have originally referred to the area west of Dnieper River. The name Russia was first used in the 17th century from an early Greek name for the people of Rus'.
History. Indo-European & Ural-Altaic peoples have occupied the area since the 2nd millennium BCE. Between 300-800 CE, the East Slavs spread out from the Elbe River. The Scandinavians unified these areas and formed Kievan Rus', which ruled for 300 years.
The Soviet era began in 1920, and the Russian Federation came into being in 1991.
Size. Russia is the largest country in the world, 17.1 million square km, covering 1/7 of the land of our planet. It has the longest borders in the world, bordered by 22 seas, has 12 inland seas, and covers 11 time zones.
Russia is a transcontinental country, extending halfway around the northern hemisphere, covering much of eastern & north-eastern Europe & all of northern Asia.
Climate. Because of its vast size, Russian climate differs drastically depending on where you are located. Most of Russia lives in a continental climate with distinct periods of warm and cold weather.
Population. Russia is the 9th largest nation in the world. 30 million Russians reside outside of Russia. 80% of Russians reside in Western Russia, 2/3 reside in the cities.
Moscow alone has more than 11 million people (2013), it is the largest city in Europe.
St. Petersburg. In 2008 there were reportedly 221 museums, 2,000 libraries, more than 80 theaters, 100 concert organizations, 45 galleries, 62 cinemas and 80 clubs of culture in St Petersburg.
Language. The official language of Russia is Russian.
Ladoga Lake is the largest lake in Europe. It spreads over 18,400 sq km & is about 51 m deep.
Natural resources. Russia is rich in oil, natural gas and timber.
Government. Russia has a democratic and federal government system, which stands divided into executive, legislative and judicial branches.
National Parks. There are 100 reserves and 35 national parks in Russia.
St. Basil's Cathedral, "Pokrovsky Sobor", "Cathedral of Vasily the Blessed", and "The Cathedral of the Protection of Most Holy Theotokos on the Moat" are various names for the famous cathedral on Red Square in Moscow. The building is shaped as a flame of a bonfire rising into the sky.
Olympics. The country ranks second among all nations by number of gold medals at both the Summer and Winter Olympics. The 1980 Summer Olympics were held in Moscow, the 2014 Winter Olympics will be held in Sochi, Russia.
Russian Orthodoxy. The country's main religion is Russian Orthodoxy. Russian Orthodox Christmas falls on January 7th. The church still follows the Julian calendar & all Russian Orthodox holidays are 13 days after Western ones.
Islam in Russia. Islam is considered as one of Russia's traditional religions, legally a part of Russian historical heritage. Kurban Bayram and Uraza Bayram are celebrated by Russian Muslims.
Russian cuisine uses fish, poultry, mushrooms, berries, honey, winter vegetables, and cereals. Breads of various grains are an important part of meals.
Maslenitsa is a Russian holiday, the celebration of the coming end of winter. The name is derived from "maslo", which means butter or oil in Russian. On this day "blini" (pancakes) are eaten.
There are over 160 different ethnic groups and indigenous peoples in Russia: Ethnic Russians (Slavic Orthodox culture), Tatars and Bashkirs (Turkic Muslim culture), Buddhist nomadic Buryats and Kalmyks,Shamanistic peoples of the Extreme North and Siberia, highlanders of the Northern Caucasus, Finno-Ugric peoples of the Russian North West and Volga Region.
In 1999 there were an estimated 637,000 children who were not living in their homes of origin in Russia, about a quarter of whom lived in institutions. In 2011, there were 1344 institutions for orphans in Russia including 1094 "children homes" and 207 "corrective" orphanages for children with serious health issues. In 2012 the estimated number of Russian children in the care of the state varied from 100,000 to 800,000; and up to 4 million if "street children" are included. As of early 2013, the Russian government reports over 650,000 children who are registered as "orphans", increasing at the rate of 113,000 per year. Of these 370,000 are in state run institutions while some of the others are in foster care. 140,000 of these children have special needs. Over sixty thousand Russian children were adopted to the USA from 1992 to 2012, with a peak of 5862 adoptions in 2004.
International adoptions to the USA have been suspended since of Dec. 29th, 2012, with the exception of a few families whose final court dates in early January, 2013 were honored by the Russian government. The goal is encouragement of domestic adoptions, making it easier for Russian families. Other goals reportedly include emphasis on assistance and benefits to foster families.
On December 28, 2012, President Vladimir Putin signed into law Federal Law No. 272-FZ. This law went into effect on January 1, 2013. It bans the adoption of Russian children by U.S. citizens, bars adoption service providers from assisting U.S. citizens in adopting Russian children, and requires termination of the U.S.-Russia Adoption Agreement.
Ages of children: 8 months - 16 years.
Hague Convention country: No. Russia signed the treaty, but has not taken the steps necessary for the treaty to be in force; therefore, the Hague rules do not apply.
Timeline: Children must be registered with the local databank for 1 month, the regional databank for 1 month, and the federal databank for 6 months (8 months total) before the child can be released for intercountry adoption. The time between dossier completion until referral varies. If a waiting or special needs child is chosen, the timeline is shorter. Infant girls often have a longer referral time. Travel after referral may occur in 1-4 months. After Russian court, there is a 10 day "right of recission" during which the family may reverse their decision. Post placement supervision and reports are required for three years.
Ethnicity of Children: Caucasian, Asian, and Mediterranean. Some children of Roma (gypsy) heritage.
Adopting more than one unrelated child at same time: Allowed by Russia, but not be some agencies.
Singles: Single women are allowed to adopt and in a few regions, single men may adopt. More documents are required of singles in the dossier, including a psychiatric evaluation. Must show above-average financial resources. The cours look for evidence of extended family support and opposite-gender role models.
Parent Qualifications: There are no age or family size requirements, however, many individual agencies have their own criteria. Generally the judge in Russia expects that the mother be no more than 45 years older than the child, although there are no similar expectations of the father. Regions may have more explicit requirements. Russian judges have not looked favorably on more than 2 divorces per parent.
Health of Children: Comprehensive medical and developmental information provided, tested for HIV, hepatitis and syphilis.
Travel: Two trips are required for adoption from Russia. The first trip is to meet the child and accept the referral. Only one parent must travel for this meeting, but for couples it is preferred that both parents travel. The second trip requires both parents to travel and appear before a judge to complete the adoption.
Post Placement Reports and Supervision: Russia requires post-placement reports to provide information regarding the welfare of children. Reports are prepared in accordance with the requirements established by the Russian government and as agreed to during the adoption process. Currently, As of 2011 Russia requires that adoption agencies produce post-placement reports at six, 12, 24, and 36 months after adoption, and families continue to submit these reports annually after that until the child turns 18 years old. All reports should be translated into Russian. Reports may be submitted to the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation directly at the address included below or can be sent to the regional authorities where the adoption was completed.


Here at Olive Grove, we have the largest selection of Olive Trees for Sale in the UK. Ranging from new shrub like olives, to 10m tall giant ancient olive trees. If you are looking to add an olive tree to your garden, the chances are you have been doing a lot of research online. Buying olive trees online can be a bit of a daunting concept, especially if you are considering a gnarled olive tree. Here at Olive Grove Oundle, we aim to offer the best possible experience for buying olive trees in the uk. To help you, we have put together some tips on how to pick your olive tree.
When buying olive trees, you need to know what you are looking for. The younger trees tent to have a straight trunk with smooth bark. They will normally have been pruned into a lollipop style or a pomp om cloud style. While the older trees, may have gnarled bark with unique lumps and bumps. With these, we try and add detailed pictures for you to make the right decision for you. However, if you want some more pictures, please let us know. You can either call us on 01832 275660 or email us at info@olivegroveoundle.co.uk. If your local, we also advise coming in to have a look in person.
We have a huge range of Olive trees available with more trees arriving throughout the year. Take your time and ensure you choose your tree carefully. Many of our Olive Trees are exceptionally large, so are difficult to deliver. Depending on the size and your location, delivery may be costly. While we are happy to accept returns we will need to charge you for this.
3) Where will it go?
Depending on the size of tree you want, where you put your tree may be where you tree will stay for the rest of it's life! Therefore, you need to take the time to consider where you want to put your tree. Although Olive Tress are very hardy, it should be placed in a sheltered location to offer some wind protection.
4) Do you have enough room?
If you have your own garden then you likely have plenty of room however, it is import that you factor in the changes over time. As your olive tree ages, the trunk will expand quit a lot. It will however grow slowly so there is no cause for alarm. Just take this into account when you plant your tree. It's also worth keeping olive trees in pots so they are relatively easy to transfer into a larger pot. Moving an olive tree that has been planted in the ground can be very difficult.


Do you want to open an advertiser or user account?
Adogre shares a percentage of revenue from advertising with its entire media network, even if they do not display or manage this advertising.
Websites are the Internet. Content makes the Internet interesting.
Do you have a website? Do you want to monetize? Join the Adogre Network and recommend us: each user that navigates on your site and sees offers with Adogre will provide up to 80% of advertising revenue generated.
This means that you can monetize your content without having or even managing ads on your site. Do you want to add your website to Adogre's free network? Do it here.
If you don't have and/or don't want to have ads on your website, no problem. Adogre is your solution for monetizing content without having or managing ads. You just register your website in the Adogre network and start making money thanks to your audience.
No matter the size, color or taste... If you have a website, be it a large newspaper or a small personal blog, Adogre serves as a tool for monetization.
Adogre works as an advertising channel compatible with your ad networks. You will continue earning through your regular networks when your users do not use Adogre, and you will also earn with those users that do use Adogre.
Adogre is a voluntary advertising channel; is the option that your audience can choose to view personalized advertising on demand.
On the other hand, if you're interested, you can offer Adogre to your current advertisers as an advertising channel, managing those clients yourself. (Consult with our team for more information).
Today there are millions of users that ignore ads or block them direclty in their browsers.
Adogre offers advertisers an advertising channel compatible with other channels designed for this growing audience (or non-audience) that avoids ads because of the bothersome way they are presented.
Through Adogre, advertisers reach their target because the target is interested in their products and services. With this system, the investment is only made on the true target audience. Adogre truly let's you separate one by one. Advertisers connect directly with their target audience, one by one and throughout their browsing experience.
Registration is free and you just need to promote the use of Adogre.
There is no need to manage or place advertising on your website. Adogre is an advertising network where you don't need to advertise.
When your readers or users browse with Adogre, they see offers.
The revenue from those ads will affect your benefits in proportion to the browsing of each user.
You can recommend the use of Adogre to increase your chances of monetization.
Adogre shartes up to 80% of advertising revenue with its network, even though members to do not display or manage ads.
© 2012 Adogre World Ltd.


First goal for any FCI Commission for Flyball is always to get all noses to point in the same direction, which is never obvious. Once everybody can agree on a unanimous line, most countries see the opportunity of generally approved guidelines and regulations. For the first two meetings in 2014 and 2015, the Commission tackled the national differences in the applied rules and - after long discussions - agreed on a united set of rules for international flyball. The next hurdle for 2016 was to decide on the specifications for a very first international tournament for flyball.
Nevertheless, at the start of the Commission's meeting in Prague (CZ), it turned out that especially the method of measuring in the new rules was not completely clear for all countries. Therefore, we started with outlining a clear document titled 'recommendation on method of ulna measuring' were the method was clearly described. This document will be published on the FCI website to avoid any kind of misunderstandings on the method.
For the international tournament, the Commission decided that an individual World Championship is not possible, since flyball is strictly a team sport. The Commission decided to describe the guidelines for a Flyball Open World Cup (FOWC), which should be organised every second year. In the meantime, these specifications were published on the FCI website and the Commission hopes to soon receive applications from NCOs, applying to organise the very first FOWC in 2018. Applications should arrive in writing before the next meeting of the Commission, in the summer of 2017.


text:
Sustainable Ground Water Development in Hard Rock Aquifers in Low-Income Countries and the Role of UNESCO _ IUGS - IGCP projec -GROWNET-
S. D. Limaye
Project Leader, UNESCO-IUGS-IGCP Project GROWNET Ground Water Institute, Pune, India
Hard rock aquifers for the purpose of this Paper mean the non-carbonate, fractured rock aquifers in the terrain covered by crystalline basement complex, metamorphic rocks and also by extensive effusive volcanic rocks like the basalts of western India (Deccan traps. Ground water development in hard rock aquifer areas has always played a secondary role compared to that in the areas having high-yielding unconsolidated or semi-consolidated sediments and carbonate rocks. This has been due to the relatively poor ground water resources in hard rocks, low specific capacity of wells, erratic variations and discontinuities in the aquifer properties, and difficulties in exploration and assessment of the resource. It should, however, be remembered that for the millions of farmers in developing countries, having their small farms in the barren landscape of fractured hard rock terrain, whatever small supply available from these poor aquifers is the only hope for upgrading their standard of living by growing irrigated crops or by protecting their rain-fed crops from the vagaries of rainfall. It is also their only source for drinking water for the family and cattle. In many developing countries, hard rock hydrogeologists have therefore, an important role to play. In the developed countries, the interest in hard rock hydrogeology, apart from drinking water supplies to small communities, is recently promoted by the prospects of using these low permeability rocks for the storage of hazardous nuclear and chemical wastes. The study of ground water flow through faults, fissures and fractures is also of interest to scientists studying the migration of contaminants. Hard rock hydrogeologists, the world over, are therefore divided into two main groups: Those interested in obtaining ground water for domestic, irrigational or industrial use by exploring fractured and permeable zones in a relatively less permeable matrix of hard rock and those interested in locating impermeable or the least permeable zones for storage of hazardous nuclear waste. Ironically, for the first group even the most permeable zones are often not good enough to yield adequate water supply, while for the second group even the least permeable zones are often not good enough for safe storage of hazardous nuclear waste over a prolonged period of a few hundred years. This Paper discusses the occurrence of ground water and the precautions for sustainable development of ground water in arid and semi-arid regions, in view of the forthcoming climatic changes. It emphasizes the need for recharge augmentation hand-in-hand with development of new wells, so that the new development does not harm the traditional practices. In India, the neglect of recharge augmentation has caused lowering of water table and drying-up of old dug-wells of 12m to 15 m depth, which used to provide irrigational and drinking water supply for last several centuries. In Iran, many Qanats have dried up because of lowering of water table due to heavy pumping of ground water from newly developed deep tube-wells in their vicinity. The goal in many countries has, therefore, shifted from ground water development to ground water management which includes management of the quantity on Supply side and Demand side and also the management of ground water quality, especially with respect to pollution and salt water intrusion. Pollution of ground water in urban environment is becoming a cause of worry because in many developing countries there is a heavy migration of population from rural areas to urban centers and providing safe quality of drinking water to this population and managing the waste water generated in the cities and towns, is a major problem. The role of UNESCO-IUGS-IGCP Project GROWNET (Ground Water Network for Best Practices in Ground Water Development in Low Income Countries) is also described towards the end of this Paper. The Author is the Project Leader for GROWNET.
Ground water development
Hard rock aquifer
Low income countries
\\\\\\\"GROWNET\\\\\\\"
Limaye, S. (2010). Sustainable Ground Water Development in Hard Rock Aquifers in Low-Income Countries and the Role of UNESCO _ IUGS - IGCP projec -GROWNET-. Iranian Journal of Earth Sciences, 2(1), 1-9.
S. D. Limaye. "Sustainable Ground Water Development in Hard Rock Aquifers in Low-Income Countries and the Role of UNESCO _ IUGS - IGCP projec -GROWNET-". Iranian Journal of Earth Sciences, 2, 1, 2010, 1-9.
Limaye, S. (2010). 'Sustainable Ground Water Development in Hard Rock Aquifers in Low-Income Countries and the Role of UNESCO _ IUGS - IGCP projec -GROWNET-', Iranian Journal of Earth Sciences, 2(1), pp. 1-9.
Limaye, S. Sustainable Ground Water Development in Hard Rock Aquifers in Low-Income Countries and the Role of UNESCO _ IUGS - IGCP projec -GROWNET-. Iranian Journal of Earth Sciences, 2010; 2(1): 1-9.