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Book Review: "Cilicia 1909 – The Massacre of Armenians" CILICIA 1909 THE MASSACRE OF ARMENIANS
April 3, 2019 by administrator
By Varoujan Der Simonian,
translated by Ara Stepan Melkonian and edited by Ara Sarafian
This week, Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow: April 1, 2, 3, 1909 to be exact, marks 110th year anniversary of Adana Massacres that took place in Cilicia. On this sad occasion, we think it's relevant to share with you the following book review, (as published in The Armenian Weekly and Asbarez weekly publications) about eyewitness accounts of Hagop H. Terzian, encouraging you and your friends to obtain a copy of this English publication, and learn about the pre Genocide horror that the Armenians were subjected 6 years prior to 1915.
November, 2009Cilicia 1909: The Massacre of Armenians
By Hagop H. Terzian
A Special Centennial Publication
Published by Taderon Press by special arrangement for the Gomidas Institute
A new abridged English translation by Ara Stepan Melkonian and Ara Sarafian was just released by the Gomidas Institute of London under the title "Cilicia 1909: The Massacre of Armenians." The book, by Hagop H. Terzian, was originally titled Giligie Aghedu (The Cilician Catastrophe). It was published in Istanbul, in 1912, but confiscated by the Ottoman government. Terzian, a pharmacist by profession, documented his own and other eyewitnesses' experiences during the 1909 massacres in the Adana province. Born in Hadjin in 1879 and educated in Constantinople, he barely escaped the horrific events, however, was arrested on April 24, 1915 and killed, along with many of his colleagues.Sarafian introduced the new volume on Monday, October 12, during the Armenian Studies Program Lecture Series at California State University, Fresno, in observation of the one hundredth anniversary of the Adana Massacres. The detailed descriptions that Terzian recorded in his diary are chilling, to say the least, but should be widely required reading. The suffering to which the Armenian population of Adana was subjected by mobs — in two stages — could be summarized as "going through hell and back," if you survived!The slide presentation at the end of Sarafian's talk brought me flash-backs. My grandparents were from Adana. I remembered sitting at my grandmother's bedside, as she described how she and her siblings had survived, having been next in line to be assassinated by police squadron. Their corpses were to be dumped in the Sihoun River. I wonder now why she chose to hold back the descriptions of so many of the atrocities that Terzian so painfully documented in his book — including devouring and raping young girls and wives in public, and the slaughtering of Armenian men, women and children of all ages, while amputating their arms and legs with axes. Was my grandmother hoping to protect her teenage grandson's tender young feelings by holding back so much of the violent behavior?According to the book, over 21,000 Armenians were murdered during less than two weeks of massacres. As a result of lootings, in the Adana province the Armenians lost an estimated 5,400,000 gold liras in economic and personal property (in 1909 value).*As I read the unfolding events, an amazing pattern of Turkish behavior emerged. Over and over again, while the organized mob and looters were moving from one city, town or village to the other, the same pattern emerged: deception and cunning. They characterized the nature of Turkish politics and re-emphasized the separate findings of a scholar: "In the more ghastly episodes of the Abdul Hamit era and 1909 Adana massacres, for example (barring few exceptions), the muftis in general played a decisive role by formally sanctioning the regional and local mass murders by declaring them permissible by the canons of Muslim law…." And, also, "A closer scrutiny of the manner in which Sultan Abdul Hamit handled the matter is instructive of the covert designs and intentions of Ottoman authorities confronting the emerging Armenian Question. One becomes readily cognizant of the rudiments of the governmental tactic of publicly declaring a policy, which is then countermanded by secret orders." Or, further, "…ethnic groups [i. e., Kurds, Circassians, Lazes…] in appreciable numbers were co-opted by Ottoman-Turkish authorities to serve as allies and surrogates… that is, killer bands in search of loot and spoils." (Dadrian, 1999.)It is mind-boggling to read in the new translation of Terzian's document, how the local Turkish governmental and religious leaders act very much the same way in over fifty-seven communities where they committed mass killings and destruction — even while assuring Armenians that they need not worry, nothing will happen to them. For example, in one incident (and the following is only my abbreviated version), when on Monday April the 19th the news of the Adana Massacres were confirmed in Antioch, concerned Armenians closed their shops and took refuge in their homes. The Turkish kaymakam (regional governor) and his officers invited all the notable Armenians to a meeting at the Prelacy headquarters to calm the tense situation, assuring them that "there's nothing happening; let everyone open his shop and carry on his business." However, the minute the Turkish representatives depart the meeting, the mob, which was assembled outside, invaded the Prelacy, murdering everyone inside, including the catholicos' vicar and the monks at the monastery. The mob looted the church of its vessels and furniture, and in a few hours all the Armenians of Antioch (some eight hundred total, except 20) were killed. After the massacres they burned the Armenian Apostolic and Armenian Evangelical Churches to the ground.The new publication is a must-read, also, for anyone hoping to better understand the impact that the Adana Massacres had on Armenian literature and music. Poems like Siamanto's "The Dance," or "The Suffocated," or "Red News from my Friend," or Taniel Varoujan's "The Red Soil" and other works, remain as vivid poetic expressions of the profound psychological effects left by the experiences documented in the Terzian book, whereas the unnerving classical music composed by Prof. K. Kalfayan "Requiem" — released in Paris in 1913 — still moves the listener to wonder about the emotional trauma the artist was undergoing, while arranging his notes…. Only after reading "Cilicia 1909″ could one even begin to approximate, perhaps, the turmoil and suffering that produced such music.I had long been wondering why the Adana Massacres took place in the Ottoman Empire at that particular period in its history. After all, the city was one of the thriving centers of commerce in the empire. As I reached the half-way point of the book, one sentence — now highlighted — struck my mind. It exists in the following paragraph:"The sad days and hours that made us tumble were impossible to forget, and of course our grandchildren and even their children will remember the terrible things we suffered. The great, rich and proud Cilician City of Adana that had never deigned to request assistance or beg for help was forced, after terrible calamity, to open its hand to the public and ask for aid and beg for assistance. One month before the massacre, the city of Adana, which had collected thousands of liras for the needy of Armenia, was reduced to the same needy state itself. It was as if the destiny of the Armenians was to be massacred, looted, and burned, and to always seek help and assistance from humanity."To further comprehend with the enormity of the crime committed in 1909 against humanity, world culture and civilization, it is worth to mention the series of scholarly papers presentation at the UCLA conference in 2000 and "Armenian Cilicia" released thereof by Dr. Richard Hovanessian. With their translation, Ara Stepan Melkonian and Ara Sarafian have done a great service, not only for recorded history but also for the illumination of our coming generations. Although the book encompasses many disturbing and graphic descriptions of eyewitness accounts, it is easy to read and should be read by every student of humanity. It provides a preview of what followed six years later, during the 1915 Armenian Genocide. Anyone who would like to educate younger people about atrocities that may be committed by mankind against man, or provide help with interpreting unfolding current events, with the goal of pre-empting and preventing genocidal recurrences, should hand them a copy of "Cilicia 1909."*Note: One Ottoman Gold Lira contains 6.62 grams of pure gold, which is equal to about 0.24 ounces. An ounce of gold is valued at $1,060.00 today (2009). Hence, in today's currency, 0.24 ounces of gold will be valued at $254.00, whereas 5,400,000.00 gold liras of 1909 would amount to $1,371,400,000.00 — in principal alone. What could have been the potential return on investments of $1.3 billion over the past one h
undred years?
Cilicia 1909 – The Massacre of Armenians
For more information please contact [email protected]
Armenian Museum of Fresno
At University of California Center 550 E. Shaw – Open to Public. Free parking.
For more information, call 559.224.1001 or email [email protected]
For ongoing exhibitions visit our website at www.armof.org
Filed Under: Articles, Books, Genocide
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Home Our Community Rotary Rotary in Action – International Good in Our Own Backyard
Antoon Moonen
Over Easter, 2019, I had the experience of walking alongside Vinna as she made the journey back to her village in Tanna, Vanuatu to reconnect with her roots and her family. It was a privilege to be part of this journey.
Vinna's story began on Saturday, 29 April 2017, when she arrived in New Zealand a young small broken girl having sustained an infected double fracture of her femur. After complex and lengthy orthopaedic treatment, we have returned a strong, healthy and resilient young woman to her family.
Two years is a long time to be disconnected from family, to trust others who are strangers to care for you in unfamiliar surroundings.
However, the most poignant moment unfolded at White Grass airport in Tanna when Vinna's sister Elizabeth stepped forward and wrapped her arms around Vinna in pure love and joy – a smile extended across her face as she took in her younger sister – you could see she could hardly believe her eyes – she had most likely thought she would never see Vinna again.
Vinna's mother, father, brother and cousin were equally thrilled to see her.
This was the beginning of a welcome back that was embraced by the warmth and love of the whole village – a Grandmother and Grandfather – joyous and hugging Vinna – the children calling her name – she was still an integral part of the memory of this community – albeit looking a little different on her return.
The village celebrated Vinna's return both in song and dance –the men chanting and dancing, then the women joined – their song adding crescendo to the celebration. It was heartening to see Vinna leap up and be part of this celebration alongside her blood sister and amongst her village sisters. It was clear these were her roots – she was connected in every way.
The Chief of the village opened his tok tok expressing how grateful they were for the healing, the caring and the return of their loved one to them.
I thanked them for trusting us with their daughter, thanked them for their patience in the long time that the healing had taken and to let them know that we were not quite there and Vinna needed to remain in Port Vila for the next year for regular checks ahead of the final surgery. I also responded to a reference to disability made in relation to her built up shoe. I encouraged the villagers to look for the ability in each and every person and not be focused on the disability. I pointed to Vinna's leg and said she does not have a disability – she is a whole person with a whole lot of potential ability.
When it came time to leave for my overnight accommodation Vinna was nowhere to be seen – blending into the myriads of small faces that made up the hope of a new generation of villagers.
As Vinna has moved back into Ni-van life she has done so standing tall with confidence.
By Glenys Parton
SOURCEBay Waka Issue 16 pg. 49
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Богашо́во () — село у складі Томського району Томської області, Росія. Адміністративний центр Богашовського сільського поселення.

Населення
Населення — 3710 осіб (2010; 3762 у 2002).

Національний склад (станом на 2002 рік):
 росіяни — 89 %

Джерела

Примітки

Посилання
 На Вікімапії

Населені пункти Томського району
Села Томської області
Колишні селища міського типу Томської області

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Picovico Developer API Sandbox allows you to try the API features and finish up the steps that are required before you create video.
To create a complete video, your account should be upgraded to any of our API plans. However, you can start implementing the API straight off.
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Of Interest: A copyright protects a substantial and original work of authorship that is fixed in a tangible form of expression. If a work is not substantive any copyrights obtained by such a work is referred to as "Thin Copyrights".
In this article, Edwin Komen Esq., reviews the 10th Circuit decision in the case of Blehm v. Jacobs. Blehm had a stick figure called "Penman" and Jacobs had a stick figure called "Jake". The two stick figures are shown here with Penman on the left and Jake on the right. Blehm sued Jacobs on the basis that Jacobs had infringed on his copyright of the Penman stick figure.
At the district court the Judge ruled in favor of Jacobs on the basis that the Penman figure was not substantive enough of a work to qualify for copyright protection. Blehm appealed the decision. Although the appellate court came to the same result as the district court, a victory for Jacobs, it was for an entirely different reason. Read this article to learn more about how courts will analyze your copyrights.


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The key difference in collision vs. comprehensive coverage is that, to a certain extent, the element of the car driver's control. As we have stated before, collision insurance will typically cover events within a motorist's control, or when another vehicle collides with your car. Comprehensive coverage generally falls under "acts of God or nature," that are typically out of your control when driving. These can include such events as a spooked deer, a heavy hailstorm, or a carjacking.
To calculate the added cost in purchasing comprehensive and/or collision coverage we looked at annual insurance quotes for a 30 year old male from New York across four different insurance companies, and the ten best-selling vehicles in the US. We look at the range of rates you could pay from basic liability to policy plans with comprehensive and collision coverage. Collision typically costs more than comprehensive, although some companies require you to carry both rather than just one. Comparing quotes across at least three companies can get you lower car insurance rates.
The reason car insurance is so cheap in Wisconsin is a bit of a mystery. While not a huge magnet for severe weather it does receive its fair share of snow in the winter and tornadoes in the summer. Flooding is not uncommon and rising rivers point to spring flooding this year. Flood damage is covered by comprehensive coverage, which is not required in most states, if you want your vehicle to be fully covered, you will need to carry this optional coverage.
But according to the National Center for Biotechnology Information, newly licensed drivers are about eight times more likely to be involved in fatal crashes in their first six months than more experienced drivers. The takeaway? Experience counts. The Center for Disease Control suggests that increased education programs and parental involvement in instruction are associated with reductions of as many as 40% of fatal and injury crashes among 16-year-olds.
On the other hand, states where most of the drivers are properly insured and reside in rural areas saw some of the lowest car insurance rates. Maine climbed to the top of the heap this year with an average annual premium of $845, which is 42 percent below the national average. Wisconsin moved into the second place and Idaho stays in third place for the second year in a row. Iowa and Virginia filled out the top five.
Jeeps are rarely considered luxury vehicles. They tend to be pretty bare bones. That makes them cheaper to insure. "The Jeep Wrangler is the iconic off-road vehicle, which implies a rugged lifestyle. However, most Wranglers don't spend a lot of time off the pavement, so they are spared the rough service life. When they do get damaged, the body-on-frame vehicle is easy and inexpensive to repair, and parts are plentiful," says Harley.
The big reason that D.C. makes the cut is population density. The entire district is basically an urban area, which leads to higher insurance rates. According to Census information, D.C has a population density of 11,020 people per square mile. While this number is certainly smaller than New York City, which clocks in at 28,256 people, it puts it well above other large cities, such as Houston and even Los Angeles.
On average, State Farm offered us the most expensive quotes, but the company's strong record of claims-handling and elite financial strength were enough for us to justify ranking it second. It also apparently has many satisfied customers in Texas, judging by its 16.8% market share — the largest in the state. State Farm outperformed every company on our list in both complaint index and customer service scoring by J.D. Power and Consumer Reports.
NerdWallet averaged rates for 40-year-old men and women for 20 ZIP codes in each state and Washington, D.C., from the largest insurers, up to 12 in each state. "Good drivers" had no moving violations on record and credit in the "good" tier as reported to each insurer. For the other two driver profiles, we changed the credit tier to "poor" or added one at-fault accident, keeping everything else the same. Sample drivers had the following coverage limits:
Farmers has the fourth-largest market share in Texas at 8.7%, and a Consumer Reports overall score of 89 (above average and tied with State Farm). But according to J.D. Power, Texans are slightly less impressed with their Farmers claims experiences than they are with Allstate's. Consumer Reports readers also expressed a bit more annoyance with the timeliness of their payments, and its complaint ratio, while still well below average for Texas as a whole, was higher than State Farm's. Farmers' financial strength is a couple of notches lower than the rest, too, which doesn't mean it's about to go bankrupt anytime soon — it's just the difference between "quite stable" and "completely rock-solid."
Gender and age: Young (newly licensed drivers) will be the most expensive to insure and statistics show that young males are the worst of the young drivers. Once they have a few years of experience under their belts, rates should start to drop. Statistics show that women overall tend to be involved in fewer accidents so premiums are usually lower for female drivers until they hit middle age, then males and females are basically on par for the cost of car insurance
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When I returned to Pakistan after a long absence, I was shocked by the treatment handed out to women and girls. I knew what I had to do: give voice to women not only in Pakistan, but all over the world. Only eight years ago, on my return to Italy, I isolated myself in our home in Umbria and was able to develop my new work, on a path towards purity and spirituality. The dolls capture a deep sense of abandonment, separation, and detachment, they are childhood objects and a remembrance of the past.
Maimuna Feroze Nana is one of the exhibiting artists for ENOUGH VIOLENCE: Artists Speak Out.


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Home » Car Reviews » 2019 Proton Exora RC vs Perodua Alza: we compare the service costs of both over five years/100,000 km
2019 Proton Exora RC vs Perodua Alza: we compare the service costs of both over five years/100,000 km
During the launch of the 2019 Proton Exora RC, the national carmaker highlighted the service costs of its new MPV over five-year period, which is lower compared to cars dubbed "Model X" and "Model Y".
Looking at one of the slides shown by Proton, Model X is the closest to the Exora RC when it comes to this matter, with slightly over RM200 separating both cars. A little bit of information digging on our part revealed Model X to be the Perodua Alza 1.5 with an automatic transmission.
In terms of specifications, the seven-seat Exora is offered with only a 1.6 litre turbocharged four-cylinder engine (140 PS and 205 Nm) that sends drive to the front wheels via a CVT. Meanwhile, the five-seat Alza is powered by a 3SZ-VE 1.5 litre naturally-aspirated four-pot with 104 PS and 136 Nm. Like the Exora, it is also a front-wheel drive vehicle, but uses a four-speed torque converter automatic instead.
The figures in these tables were obtained from official sources (as of May 31, 2019), namely the MyProton app and Perodua's official website, with the latter now listing out the Pro Care preventative service maintenance options more clearly, likely after the confusion that came about when we compared the Bezza's servicing costs against the Persona back in February. While Pro Care service items are optional, Perodua states it "is recommended to maintain your Perodua at optimum condition."
Comparing the itemised list of parts/fluids that are used for both cars, we can see that the price(s) of engine oil used for the Alza (5W-30) is less compared to what the Exora uses (10W-30). It's also interesting to note that after the three-month/5,000 km service interval, the Alza switches from API (American Petroleum Institute) SL-rated engine oil to an SM-rated one. The Exora, with its turbocharger, runs engine oil following the more recent SN rating instead.
The Alza also requires more frequent spark plug changes, which happens every 20,000 km. While the Exora only requires a change at the 70,000-km mark, it uses iridium spark plugs that cost about the same as the Alza's five changes over a five-year period.
We can also see Perodua changes the cabin filter in the Alza more frequently (every 30,000 km), while this isn't listed in the Exora's service schedule. However, the Proton MPV has to change other items that the Alza doesn't, including turbocharger-related components, the timing belt and fuel filter.
The Exora also requires power steering fluid top ups every 40,000 km, while this is a Pro Care option for Alza owners at the 100,000-km mark. Additionally, the cost of the Exora's transmission oil and filter for the CVT is higher when compared to what's required for the Alza's four-speed box.
Indeed, when you look at the total service cost for the Exora over five years, it's noticeably lower compared to the Alza. The reason the slide and our tables show a smaller sum is because the amount factors in a limited time promotion that Proton is offering to customers who purchase an Exora RC before December 31, 2019.
With the promotion, customers who purchase an Exora before the stipulated date will be entitled to five years (or 11 times) of free labour service. Therefore, without the promotion in play, the service cost gap between the two models is actually in favour of the Alza.
Keep in mind that there are some factors that aren't considered here, some of which boils down to individual ownership. This includes things like fuel consumption, as well as consumables such as brake pads, shock absorbers, batteries and tyres that vary between the two vehicles.
2019 Proton Exora RC 1.6L CVT (left), Perodua Alza 1.5L AT (right); click to enlarge
If you're curious, Model Y is the Toyota Avanza, which Proton says has a higher service cost over five years compared to the Exora (with the above-mentioned promotion factored in) and Alza, but we're focusing on national car brands in this comparison.
With the details presented to you, share your thoughts on the matter in the comments below. These figures are based on what is listed on manufacturers' websites at the time of writing, and that actual prices may vary.
We've done other service cost comparison in the past as well – Proton X70 vs Honda CR-V, Perodua Aruz vs Honda BR-V, and more recently, the 2019 Proton Persona vs Perodua Bezza – which you can also check out.
Research Perodua Cars at
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A local biodiesel user moving out of state is selling his 1981 VW Rabbit pickup, the information is below. Noted these VW brochures online from back then.
Recently inspected at Mark's VW Werkshop who can verify that this truck runs great.
At the Florida Institute of Technology campus, in Melbourne FL, on March 6 and 7 2007, the 4th international, interdisciplinary forum "Sustainable Pathways: New Research and Practices" will be held.
"Biofuel Research Efforts at Florida Tech"
The charge would be $25. Please register online (http://research.fit.edu/sustainability/wordpress/), check the "pay by check or money order" box at the bottom of the registration form and mail a check or money order or pay on the day of the event with exact cash, a check or money order. Make payable to Florida Tech College of Science, Attention: Linda Ward.
The biodiesel powered boat "EarthRace" arrives in Florida this week prior to its attempt to set a world record for circumnavigation of the earth. EarthRace will be at the Miami Boat Show Feb 15th-19th. Having just visited EarthRace while it was docked in Charleston SC, I can vouch for the stunning appearance of the vessel. From the Maori inspired designs covering the futuristic curved hull, to the high tech cockpit, and including the Lord-of-the-Rings audio-book I noted stashed inside - this Kiwi skippered trimaran is definitely worth a visit!
Sea Isle Marina and Yachting Center.
Our September 2006 entry on EarthRace.
This will be a turnkey operation with everything from a pump to pick up wvo, a kit to perform proper titration, a How to Handbook, and a phLip test kit to test fuel quality. Storage drums and initial start up catalyst and alcohol can also be provided. All anyone would need is WVO!
Brian at the White Rabbit Acres organic farm in Vero Beach reports he has over 500 gallons of Waste Vegetable Oil (WVO) filtered to 1 micron available.
He can dispense directly or deliver in bulk loads of 275 gallons.
A commenter at greenermiami.com indicates one and a half 55 gallon drums of used cooking oil free for the taking. Contact the poster at greenermiami for more information.


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Sturgeon, Sinn Fein and why an end to sectarianism is urgently needed
The image at the top of this article is one that will trouble many people. It's the image of Nicola Sturgeon, the Scottish First Minister meeting with Michelle Collins, the leader of Sinn Fein. Now in the years since the 1997 Good Friday Agreement, Sinn Fein have certainly had an image make over. However, it remains the case that this is the party whose long term identity is intertwined with the IRA and its horrific campaign of terror. Remember, that terror campaign was not just about a form of armed struggle with the British military. It included:
The bombing of civilian targets including but not limited to politicians. Many ordinary citizens lost their lives, lost loved ones and suffered traumatic injuries both in Northern Ireland and on the UK mainland.
A campaign of terror through mob rule against the people within the very communities that Sinn Fein-IRA claimed to be campaigning for. This included punishment beatings, knee capping and murders. The IRA functioned as much as a cartel or mafia organisation as it did a political entity
That desire to control a community also meant that Sinn Fein-IRA also sought to run its own justice system leading to the silencing of crime victims including those subject to rape and sexual assault.
There are many good things to say about the Northern Ireland peace process. It is certainly better not to have troops on the streets and the fear of bombings and shootings. However, as I've mentioned before, I don't think that the peace process really got to its desired end and that's why we still have a truce rather than lasting peace. One of those issues was the failure to properly deal with the crimes and wrongs that were done in the name of sectarian causes on both sides. There hasn't been the truth and justice side to the process that South Africa recognised as crucial to reconciliation.
So, some of us are deeply disturbed to see the leader of one part of the United Kingdom congratulating and sitting down with the leader of Sinn Fein. It's worth remembering that when people congratulate Sinn Fein for their so called victory in recent elections, there wasn't in fact some major break through for Republicanism. Sinn Fein haven't reached out beyond their sectarian base. They were less winners and more the least of the losers as voting split across multiple parties. Indeed if there was a party beginning the process of break through it was the anti-sectarian Alliance Party even though the system is stacked against non-sectarianism.
It seems that Sturgeon is willing to take ay photo opportunity and be seen with anyone who she considers useful to her own agenda of breaking up the United Kingdom. I consider her dalliance with the sectarians a sad day for Scotland, a country that has been advancing a claim to independence but throughout the history of its independence movement has largely avoided the sectarianism and violence that Northern Ireland suffered.
And in so doing, she ignores that there has long been a legitimate, democratic strand within Northern Ireland politics. There are those who have want to see Irish unification but see no place for violence and desire that a united Ireland should be home to all communities, all backgrounds, all religious outlooks. Just as there are many who want Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland to be part of a United Kingdom that similar respects diversity.
Sturgeon's dalliance with Sinn Fein risks tainting the Independence cause in Scotland. I hope that she will take time to reconsider her move and apologise. However, as I've mentioned before recently, the crucial issue at the moment is that a small sectarian minority from either side should not be allowed to shape and control day to day life or the future of the province. A true and lasting legacy of the Good Friday Agreement needs to be a permanent end to sectarianism. This means there needs to be a new political settlement that enables those who are committed to cross community representation to enter office should they be able to persuade a majority to support them.
Published 21st May 2022 By faithrootsdw
Categorized as Opinion Tagged IRA, Ireland, loyalists, Nationalism, Northern Ireland, Republicanism, Sinn Fein, Sinn Fein-IRA, terrorism, The Belfast Agreement, The SNP, Ulster, Unionism
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Maple class have been very busy learning about their Growing topic. We have learnt about the different parts of the plant and their jobs for keeping the plants healthy. We have all planted our own runner bean plants and have really enjoyed watching them grow over the past two weeks. All the children can take their plants home, so they can put them in soil, and will hopefully continue to watch them grow.
In literacy we have been looking at mini-beasts and were lucky enough to meet some worms! But we discovered that these were no ordinary worms... they were in fact Superworms! The story book 'Superworm' by Julia Donaldson, inspired us to research other mini-beasts and to find out their superpowers. We used books and computers for our research and discovered some great facts. Did you know ladybirds smell with their feet? Or that spiders use counting to help make their webs?
"Super Ladybird is super fast!
Super Ladybird is never last!
See him fly! See his spots!
Maple Class put their safety knowledge to use as we crossed the road to the park as our treat for having full attendance for the week. We all had a lovely afternoon and made the most of the sunny weather playing football and on the equipment.
Have a lovely half term and fingers crossed for some more sunshine!


"New Haven" redirects here. For other uses, see New Haven (disambiguation).
New Haven (local /nuː ˈheɪvən/ noo-HAY-vən), in the U.S. state of Connecticut, is the principal municipality in Greater New Haven, which had a total population of 862,477 in 2010. It is located on New Haven Harbor on the northern shore of Long Island Sound in New Haven County, Connecticut, and is part of the New York metropolitan area. It is the second-largest city in Connecticut (after Bridgeport), with a population of 129,779 people as of the 2010 United States Census. According to a census of 1 July 2012, by the Census Bureau, the city had a population of 130,741.
New Haven was founded in 1638 by English Puritans, and a year later eight streets were laid out in a four-by-four grid, creating what is commonly known as the "Nine Square Plan". The central common block is the New Haven Green, a 16-acre (6 ha) square, and the center of Downtown New Haven. The Green is now a National Historic Landmark and the "Nine Square Plan" is recognized by the American Planning Association as a National Planning Landmark.
New Haven is the home of Yale University. The university is an integral part of the city's economy, being New Haven's biggest taxpayer and employer. Health care (hospitals and biotechnology), professional services (legal, architectural, marketing, and engineering), financial services, and retail trade also help to form an economic base for the city.
The city served as co-capital of Connecticut from 1701 until 1873, when sole governance was transferred to the more centrally located city of Hartford. New Haven has since billed itself as the "Cultural Capital of Connecticut" for its supply of established theaters, museums, and music venues. New Haven is also the birthplace of George W. Bush, the 43rd President of the United States.
In 1637 a small party of Puritans reconnoitered the New Haven harbor area and wintered over. In April 1638, the main party of five hundred Puritans who left the Massachusetts Bay Colony under the leadership of the Reverend John Davenport and the London merchant Theophilus Eaton sailed into the harbor. These settlers were hoping to establish a (in their mind) better theological community, with the government more closely linked to the church than the one they left in Massachusetts and sought to take advantage of the excellent port capabilities of the harbor. The Quinnipiacs, who were under attack by neighboring Pequots, sold their land to the settlers in return for protection.
By 1640, the town's theocratic government and nine-square grid plan were in place, and the town was renamed Newhaven from Quinnipiac. However, the area north of New Haven remained Quinnipiac until 1678, when it was renamed Hamden. The settlement became the headquarters of the New Haven Colony. At the time, the New Haven Colony was separate from the Connecticut Colony, which had been established to the north centering on Hartford. One of the principal differences between the two colonies was that the New Haven colony was an intolerant theocracy that did not permit other churches to be established, while the Connecticut colony permitted the establishment of other churches.
Economic disaster struck the colony in 1646, however, when the town sent its first fully loaded ship of local goods back to England. This ship never reached the Old World, and its disappearance stymied New Haven's development in the face of the rising trade power of Boston and New Amsterdam. In 1660, founder John Davenport's wishes were fulfilled, and Hopkins School was founded in New Haven with money from the estate of Edward Hopkins.
New Haven became part of the Connecticut Colony in 1664, when the two colonies were merged under political pressure from England, according to folklore as punishment for harboring the three judges (in reality, done in order to strengthen the case for the takeover of nearby New Amsterdam, which was rapidly losing territory to migrants from Connecticut). Some members of the New Haven Colony seeking to establish a new theocracy elsewhere went on to establish Newark, New Jersey.
It was made co-capital of Connecticut in 1701, a status it retained until 1873. In 1716, the Collegiate School relocated from Old Saybrook to New Haven and established New Haven as a center of learning. In 1718, the name of the Collegiate School was changed to Yale College in response to a large donation from British East India Company merchant Elihu Yale, former Governor of Madras.
On July 5, 1779, 2,600 loyalists and British regulars under General William Tryon, governor of New York, landed in New Haven Harbor and raided the 3,500-person town. A militia of Yale students had been prepping for battle, and former Yale president and Yale Divinity School professor Naphtali Daggett rode out to confront the Redcoats. Yale president Ezra Stiles recounted in his diary that while he moved furniture in anticipation of battle, he still couldn't quite believe the revolution had begun. New Haven was not torched as the invaders did with Danbury in 1777, or Fairfield and Norwalk a week after the New Haven raid, so many of the town's colonial features were preserved.
New Haven's expansion continued during the two World Wars, with most new inhabitants being African Americans from the American South and Puerto Ricans. The city reached its peak population after World War II. The area of New Haven is only 17 square miles (44 km2), encouraging further development of new housing after 1950 in adjacent, suburban towns. Moreover, as in other U.S. cities in the 1950s, New Haven began to suffer from an exodus of middle-class workers.
In 1954, then-mayor Richard C. Lee began some of the earliest major urban renewal projects in the United States. Certain sections of downtown New Haven were redeveloped to include museums, new office towers, a hotel, and large shopping complexes. Other parts of the city were affected by the construction of Interstate 95 along the Long Wharf section, Interstate 91, and the Oak Street Connector. The Oak Street Connector (Route 34), running between Interstate 95, downtown, and The Hill neighborhood, was originally intended as a highway to the city's western suburbs but was only completed as a highway to the downtown area, with the area to the west becoming a boulevard (See "Redevelopment" below).
From the 1960s through the late 1990s, central areas of New Haven continued to decline both economically and in terms of population despite attempts to resurrect certain neighborhoods through renewal projects. In conjunction with its declining population, New Haven experienced a steep rise in its crime rate. In 2010, New Haven ranked as the 18th most dangerous city in America, albeit with crime rating under the significant safety benchmark of 200.00.
New Haven's best-known geographic features are its large deep harbor, and two reddish basalt trap rock ridges which rise to the northeast and northwest of the city core. These trap rocks are known respectively as East Rock and West Rock, and both serve as extensive parks. West Rock has been tunneled through to make way for the east-west passage of the Wilbur Cross Parkway (the only highway tunnel through a natural obstacle in Connecticut), and once served as the hideout of the "Regicides" (see: Regicides Trail). Most New Haveners refer to these men as "The Three Judges". East Rock features the prominent Soldiers and Sailors war monument on its peak as well as the "Great/Giant Steps" which run up the rock's cliffside.
Downtown New Haven, occupied by nearly 7,000 residents, has a more residential character than most downtowns. The downtown area provides about half of the city's jobs and half of its tax base and in recent years has become filled with dozens of new upscale restaurants, several of which have garnered national praise (such as Ibiza, recognized by Esquire and Wine Spectator magazines as well as the New York Times as the best Spanish food in the country), in addition to shops and thousands of apartments and condominium units which subsequently help overall growth of the city.
Graph of New Haven demographics from the US Census, 1790–2010.
The U.S. Census Bureau reports a 2010 population of 129,779, with 47,094 households and 25,854 families within the city of New Haven. The population density is 6,859.8 people per square mile (2,648.6/km²). There are 52,941 housing units at an average density of 2,808.5 per square mile (1,084.4/km²). The racial makeup of the city is 42.6% White, 35.4% African American, 0.5% Native American, 4.6% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 12.9% from other races, and 3.9% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino residents of any race were 27.4% of the population. Non-Hispanic Whites were 31.8% of the population in 2010, down from 69.6% in 1970. The city's demography is shifting rapidly: New Haven has always been a city of immigrants and currently the Latino population is growing rapidly. Previous influxes among ethnic groups have been African-Americans in the postwar era, and Irish, Italian and (to a lesser degree) Slavic peoples in the prewar period.
A study of New Haven's demographics, based on age, educational attainment, and race and ethnicity, found that its demographics were the closest of any American city to the national average.
New Haven's greatest culinary claim to fame may be its pizza, which has been claimed to be among the best in the country, or even in the world. New Haven-style pizza, called "apizza" (pronounced ah-BEETS, IPA: [aˈpitts] in the original Italian dialect), made its debut at the iconic Frank Pepe Pizzeria Napoletana (known as Pepe's) in 1925. Apizza is baked in coal- or wood-fired brick ovens, and is notable for its thin crust. Apizza may be red (with a tomato-based sauce) or white (with a sauce of garlic and olive oil), and pies ordered "plain" are made without the otherwise customary mozzarella cheese (originally smoked mozzarella, known as "scamorza" in Italian). A white clam pie is a well-known specialty of the restaurants on Wooster Street in the Little Italy section of New Haven, including Pepe's and Sally's Apizza (which opened in 1938). Modern Apizza on State Street, which opened in 1934, is also well-known.
New Haven is home to Miya's Sushi, the first sustainable sushi restaurant in the world. Miya's offers the largest vegetarian sushi menu in the world.
During weekday lunchtime, over 150 lunch carts and food trucks from neighborhood restaurants cater to different student populations throughout Yale's campus. The carts cluster at three main points: by Yale – New Haven Hospital in the center of the Hospital Green (Cedar and York streets), by Yale's Trumbull College (Elm and York streets), and on the intersection of Prospect and Sachem streets by the Yale School of Management. Popular farmers' markets, managed by the local non-profit CitySeed, set up shop weekly in several neighborhoods, including Westville/Edgewood Park, Fair Haven, Upper State Street, Wooster Square, and Downtown/New Haven Green.
The city hosts numerous theatres and production houses, including the Yale Repertory Theatre, the Long Wharf Theatre, and the Shubert Theatre. There is also theatre activity from the Yale School of Drama, which works through the Yale University Theatre and the student-run Yale Cabaret. Southern Connecticut State University hosts the Lyman Center for the Performing Arts. The shuttered Palace Theatre (opposite the Shubert Theatre) is being renovated and will reopen as the College Street Music Hall in May, 2015. Smaller theatres include the Little Theater on Lincoln Street. Cooperative Arts and Humanities High School also boasts a state-of-the-art theatre on College Street. The theatre is used for student productions as well as the home to weekly services to a local non-denominational church, the City Church New Haven.
The Shubert Theatre once premiered many major theatrical productions before their Broadway debuts. Productions that premiered at the Shubert include Oklahoma! (which was also written in New Haven), Carousel, South Pacific, My Fair Lady, The King and I, and The Sound of Music, as well as the Tennessee Williams play A Streetcar Named Desire.
New Haven has a variety of museums, many of them associated with Yale. The Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library features an original copy of the Gutenberg Bible. There is also the Connecticut Children's Museum; the Knights of Columbus museum near that organization's world headquarters; the Peabody Museum of Natural History; the Yale University Collection of Musical Instruments; the Eli Whitney Museum (across the town line in Hamden, Connecticut, on Whitney Avenue); the Yale Center for British Art, which houses the largest collection of British art outside the U.K., and the Yale University Art Gallery, the nation's oldest college art museum. New Haven is also home to the New Haven Museum and Historical Society on Whitney Avenue, which has a library of many primary source treasures dating from Colonial times to the present.
In addition to the Jazz Festival (described above), New Haven serves as the home city of the annual International Festival of Arts and Ideas. New Haven's Saint Patrick's Day parade, which began in 1842, is New England's oldest St. Patty's Day parade and draws the largest crowds of any one-day spectator event in Connecticut. The St. Andrew the Apostle Italian Festival has taken place in the historic Wooster Square neighborhood every year since 1900. Other parishes in the city celebrate the Feast of Saint Anthony of Padua and a carnival in honor of St. Bernadette Soubirous. New Haven celebrates Powder House Day every April on the New Haven Green to commemorate the city's entrance into the Revolutionary War. The annual Wooster Square Cherry Blossom Festival commemorates the 1973 planting of 72 Yoshino Japanese Cherry Blossom trees by the New Haven Historic Commission in collaboration with the New Haven Parks Department and residents of the neighborhood. The Festival now draws well over 5,000 visitors. The Film Fest New Haven has been held annually since 1995.
New Haven is served by the daily New Haven Register, the weekly "alternative" New Haven Advocate (which is run by Tribune, the corporation owning the Hartford Courant), the online daily New Haven Independent, and the monthly Grand News Community Newspaper. Downtown New Haven is covered by an in-depth civic news forum, Design New Haven. The Register also backs PLAY magazine, a weekly entertainment publication. The city is also served by several student-run papers, including the Yale Daily News, the weekly Yale Herald and a humor tabloid, Rumpus Magazine.
WTNH Channel 8, the ABC affiliate for Connecticut, WCTX Channel 59, the MyNetworkTV affiliate for the state, and Connecticut Public Television station WEDY channel 65, a PBS affiliate, broadcast from New Haven. All New York City news and sports team stations broadcast to New Haven County.
Grove Street Cemetery, a National Historic Landmark which lies adjacent to Yale's campus, contains the graves of Roger Sherman, Eli Whitney, Noah Webster, Josiah Willard Gibbs, Charles Goodyear and Walter Camp, among other notable burials. The cemetery is known for its grand Egyptian Revival gateway. The Union League Club of New Haven building, located on Chapel Street, is notable for not only being a historic Beaux-Arts building, but also is built on the site where Roger Sherman's home once stood; George Washington is known to have stayed at the Sherman residence while President in 1789 (one of three times Washington visited New Haven throughout his lifetime).
New Haven is connected to New York City by commuter rail, regional rail and inter-city rail, provided by Metro-North Railroad (commuter rail), Shore Line East (commuter rail), and Amtrak (regional and intercity rail) respectively, allowing New Haven residents to commute to work in New York City (just under two hours by train).
The city's main railroad station is the historic Beaux-arts Union Station, which serves Metro-North trains to New York and Shore Line East commuter trains to New London. An additional station was opened in 2002, named State Street Station, to provide Shore Line East and a few peak-hour Metro-North passengers easier access to and from Downtown.
Union Station is further served by four Amtrak lines: the Northeast Regional and the high-speed Acela Express provide service to New York, Washington, D.C. and Boston, and rank as the first and second busiest routes in the country; the New Haven–Springfield Line provides service to Hartford and Springfield, Massachusetts; and the Vermonter provides service to both Washington, D.C., and Vermont, 15 miles (24 km) from the Canada–US border. Amtrak also codeshares with United Airlines for travel to any airport serviced by United Airlines, via Newark Airport (EWR) originating from or terminating at Union Station, (IATA: ZVE).
Metro-North has the third highest daily ridership among commuter rails in the country, with an average weekday ridership of 276,000 in 2009. Of the 276,000 Metro-North riders, 112,000 rode the New Haven Line each day, which would make the New Haven Line seventh in the country in daily ridership if it were alone an entire commuter rail system. Shore Line East ranked nineteenth in the country, with an average daily ridership of 2,000.
Additionally, the Connecticut Department of Transportation plans to add a new commuter service called the Hartford Line in collaboration with Amtrak and the federal government that will run between New Haven and Springfield, Massachusetts with a terminus at Union Station in Downtown New Haven. As of late 2015, funding had been secured and the service is scheduled to begin operation in early 2018.
The New Haven Division of Connecticut Transit (CT Transit), the state's bus system, is the second largest division in the state with 24 routes. All routes originate from the New Haven Green, making it the central transfer hub of the city. Service is provided to 19 different municipalities throughout Greater New Haven.
The New Haven Division buses follow routes that had originally been covered by trolley service. Horse-drawn steetcars began operating in New Haven in the 1860s, and by the mid-1890s all the lines had become electric. In the 1920s and 1930s, some of the trolley lines began to be replaced by bus lines, with the last trolley route converted to bus in 1948. The City of New Haven is in the very early stages of considering the restoration of streetcar (light-rail) service, which has been absent since the postwar period.
New Haven lies at the intersection of Interstate 95 on the coast—which provides access southwards and/or westwards to the western coast of Connecticut and to New York City, and eastwards to the eastern Connecticut shoreline, Rhode Island, and eastern Massachusetts—and Interstate 91, which leads northward to the interior of Massachusetts and Vermont and the Canada–US border. I-95 is infamous for traffic jams increasing with proximity to New York City; on the east side of New Haven it passes over the Quinnipiac River via the Pearl Harbor Memorial, or "Q Bridge", which often presents a major bottleneck to traffic. I-91, however, is relatively less congested, except at the intersection with I-95 during peak travel times.
Tweed New Haven Regional Airport is located within the city limits 3 miles (5 km) east of the business district, and provides daily service to Philadelphia through American Eagle. Bus service between Downtown New Haven and Tweed is available via the CT Transit New Haven Division Bus "G". Taxi service and rental cars (including service by Hertz, Avis, Enterprise and Budget) are available at the airport. Travel time from Tweed to downtown takes less than 15 minutes by car.
In June 17, 2013, the city commissioned the Nathan Hale, a 36 foot (11 m) Port Security vessel capable of serving search and rescue, firefighting, constabulary roles.
Yale's Sterling Memorial Library, Interior.
Mansfield St. New Haven, home to the Marsh Botanical Garden and this abandoned building.
New Haven, Connecticut Facts for Kids. Kiddle Encyclopedia.


SportsBusiness Journal had to shift from a focus on paper news to an Internet site and now makes a big investment on a new type of content: esports.
Street & Smith's SportsBusiness Journal (SBJ) has been looking at predictions that include the esports industry possibly growing at a 30% compound rate through 2020, pushing the market to $1.5 billion in annual revenue, and SBJ wants more action in it. As such, SBJ has made what it refers to as a "significant investment" in The Esports Observer, a leading source for esports business news and insights.
The specific investment has not been revealed, but its mostly a cash investment with synergies in resources, says The Esports Observer CEO Christopher Hana. The investment will help Hana expand his business to tap into more esports events and conferences, develop new reports and further focus on gaining an audience in the U.S.
The Esports Observer is only two years old and was built to solve a perceived problem that there existed a lack of reliable esports information.
"We wanted to bring transparency to the esports market," says Hana. "Targeting professionals and everyone who wanted to understand the space better."
Talks between The Esports Observer and SBJ loosely started a couple of months ago. Hana believes the timing for the investment is appropriate, especially in the wake of an announcement that the New York Yankees are now involved in esports through an investment partnership with Vision Esports, the largest shareholder of esports franchise Echo Fox, founded by three-time NBA champion Rick Fox.
The Esports Observer was launched as part of the BITKRAFT Esports Ventures network in 2015, which raised $18 million euro earlier this year.


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My Open Source Project Manager's insurance company? Why…
What do an interview with Jon "Maddog" Hall and an obituary for a cartoonist have in common? Too much for good open source marketing
U.S. Dept. of Commerce Says "Our Way or (No) Information Superhighway"
According to eWeek, Assistant Secretary of the National Telecommunications and Information Administration Michael Gallagher stated during an address: "Given the Internet's importance to the world's economy, it is essential that the underlying DNS of the Internet remain stable and secure." In other words, we're going it alone again. Sound familiar?
What in the World is WSIS?
If you don't know the answer to that question, you should look into it. "WSIS" is an acronym that stands for the World Summit on the Information Society, which has been convened by the United Nations, and which is administered by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), the global treaty organization that manages telecommunications strategy and related matters. WSIS has been chartered with such worthy goals as ensuring that the benefits of the Internet and the Web are shared by all peoples everywhere. But it has also decided to look into the question of Internet governance -- or, as they like to say in WSIS, "Who Should Govern the Internet?"
Coming Soon to a DVD Store Near You: MicroSoft (One Way or the Other)
Not so long ago (April 21, to be exact) it was reported that the long-running battle for next-gen DVD supremacy being waged between the Blu-Ray Group camp (led by Sony) and the HD-DVD forces (commanded by NEC and Toshiba, et al.) might result in truce. Well, that didn't work out, so it's back to the arms race.