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← SOME THOUGHTS ON THE SILVERING SCREEN (part 1)
ANOTHER YEAR, ANOTHER LIFE. ANOTHER FILM? →
THE STRAIGHT STORY.
Posted on June 1, 2012 by rinaross
I decided to diverge from my choice of films featuring old women and offer our film group at the Lexi a screening of The Straight Story (1999). As I remembered, it was about an end-of-life serene journey and visually beautiful. I do not know any of Lynch's work so had no expectations, but when I viewed the film again in preparation for the Lexi I realised that far from being asimple story the film was a puzzle that needed solving.
It became obvious for me that the story was about tying up loose ends in preparation for death. The idea of death is present right from the beginning of the film. Alvin who is 73 lives with his disabled daughter Rose. She has a speech impediment. People think she is mentally slow but she has a good memory, good head for figures and dates and thinks very logically. Alvin who has a bad hip falls at home and injures his other leg. In his interview with the doctor it becomes clear that he also is disabled, being partially blind and with restricted mobility. It is clear that he refuses any tests, treatment or change of life style to prolong life. He is ready to face the 'serious consequences' the doctor warns him about. When he hears that his estranged brother has had a stroke he decides to travel 350 miles on his lawnmower for a reconciliation with him.
When his old lawnmower malfunctions and he has to return home he destroys it by shooting at it with a gun. We learn later that he was a sniper during the war. We have here an image of obsolescence that can be taken metaphorically. (I am told that the John Deer lawnmower he buys to restart his journey is legendary.)
From then on the episodes of contemplation, night skies, sunsets, tractors and harvesters in rolling fields, changing autumn colours, filmed in slow panning and aerial shots or the close-ups of Alvin's old wrinkled face white beard and sparkling blue eyes, contrast with the darker information we are given during the night episodes around a campfire. The cinematography is seductive and the homilies deceptive.
In his first encounter "My wife Frances brought fourteen kids into the world. Only seven made it….My daughter Rose lives with me…My daughter Rose that lives with me…she's what some people would calla little slow. But she's not. She's got a mind like a bear trap for facts and keeps everything organized around the house. She was a real good mom….My daughter…One night…….someone else was watchin' the kids…There was a fire. Her second boy got burned real bad. Rose didn't have nothin' to do with it" … .We also learn that the other children have been taken into care.
The second encounter involves a woman whose negligent driving results in the death of a deer "He is dead… and I love deer…"
During the third encounter with a group of young male cyclists and in the night around a fire : "What's the worst thing about being old Alvin?" …. He replies: "The worst thing about being old is remembering when you were young. "
The fourth encounter which happens in a small community is longer. His lawnmower has broken down and needs repair. Here Alvin asserts his desire to continue his journey on his own terms, he accepts shelter but refuses help and shows his sense of humour and skill in negotiation. An exchange of reminiscences with a veteran about the experience of war is about the violence death. What is shocking is the confession that Alvin makes of having shot in the head a scout in what is called a 'friendly fire incident', something he has never told anybody about before.
Finally he spends the last night of his journey camping in a cemetery. In conversation with the priest who offers him food and company Alvin says "So…whatever it was made me and Lyle so mad doesn't matter to me now…I want to make peace…I want to sit with him again and look up at all the stars….. "
He reaches Lyle who lives in a shack and uses a walker. The film ends with the two old disabled brothers in silent tears looking at the stars.
I was surprised when I read the reviews that few of them mentioned death or preparing for death. Seen as a preparation for death film, every scene has a function. Some reviewers found the hysterical 'deer woman' scene misplaced but if it stands for the unintended killing that Alvin experienced it makes perfect sense. One incident that I could not explain was the burning house associated with Alvin's careering down the hill having lost control of his mower. No reviewers mentioned its significance. It is an article by Tim Kreider in the Film Quarterly Fall 2000 that solved the puzzle for me. Kreider informed by the knowledge of Lynch's work sees a much darker film and interprets Alvin's journey as one of atonement.
David Lynch tells the ugly truth in The Straight Story not in words but in images, powerfully suggestive visual metaphors. In the film's only scene of genuine action or suspense, Alvin Straight almost loses control of his makeshift mower/wagon coming downhill into a small town where the local fire department is conducting a training exercise on a burning abandoned house. As the old man desperately brakes and grapples with the wheel, hurtling faster and faster downhill, out of control, the camera cuts back and forth in a blur between his frantic face and the blazing house nearby. The high scream of the mower's overstrained engine and the engulfing roar of the fire become one terrifying noise. Anthony Lane shrugs this scene off as one of Lynch's "bursts of calculated strangeness"–those irrepressibly wacky trademark idiosyncrasies popping up again in a film where they're only distracting. But this burning house is not just a surreal non sequitur; it's one of the central images in the film. This scene functions as a flashback to the earlier fire, the one in which Alvin's grandchildren were burned. Alvin's face, bathed in sweat and flickering orange with firelight, and his eyes, bulging and rolling in his head like a frightened animal's, express a terror that transcends his immediate situation. When intercut with those quick, jarring shots of the blazing house, the real object of that terror is unmistakable. Alvin is the unnamed "someone" who was supposed to be watching Rose's kids. He let his grandson get burned. He caused his daughter's children to be taken away by the state. After he manages to stop his tractor, he sits panting and shaking in terror, staring at nothing, the burning house clearly framed in the background. He is trembling not just in reaction to his near-accident, but in an abreaction to that original trauma–another time when Alvin Straight lost control and events took on their own scary, unstoppable momentum.
Kreider's full analysis does involve some interpretations but is much closer to the film than Chivers'. My mistrust of Chivers' book is growing after reading her analysis of this film. Again I do not pretend that I have read her silvering screen argument but multiple inaccuracies, unwarranted statements and assumptions in what she calls an analysis are not forgivable. Some of them make me more angry than others. Chivers' writes a book about disability age and death. Describing Spacek's Rose she says "a vaguely disabled character". A vaguely disabled character? What does this mean? I quote again "As an old man on the road he appears incongruous and incapable". Not to me, or anybody else I know who have seen the film, he does not. Neither is there any evidence on-screen that other characters perceive him as such. His mode of transport is incongruous on the highways but not him as an old man. Alvin's decision not to accept treatment is an important issue in the context of disability and death, yet it is ignored. I will not go on but this film about age, disability and death deserves better than this superficial and misguided nonsense.
End of life films are few. The Straight Story is intelligent, beautifully directed and filmed. In avoiding the usual nostalgic flashbacks typical of the genre it highlights serious issues of old age, disability, and death.
I urge my readers to read Kreider's analysis in
http://davidlynch.de/quarterstraight.html
PS : there is so much in this film that I cannot, like with other classics, cover everything in a blog. But I would be pleased if people did comment.
This entry was posted in Film Analysis and tagged anger, wrinkles. Bookmark the permalink.
3 Responses to THE STRAIGHT STORY.
Dr Treves says:
Perhpas it was Lyle that was responsible for the burning house and injured grandchild, hence why Alvin is driving to forgive him.
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EU countries want to make it easier to trace owners of foreign vehicles that fail to pay road tolls by granting each other access to national vehicle registration data. The Council today adopted a general approach on updated electronic road tolling rules which include a legal basis for such information sharing. The possible administrative or legal consequences will depend on the national law of the country where the failure to pay a road fee took place.
The draft directive will also improve the interoperability of electronic tolling systems across Europe by removing administrative barriers, such as local technical specifications, and by giving electronic tolling providers easier access to the toll collection market. The aim is that road users could travel across the EU and pay their electronic tolls with one on-board unit, one contract and one invoice.
"These new rules on electronic road tolls will ensure that all road users pay their tolls, wherever they are in the EU. And increased interoperability between different tolling systems will make for better mobility throughout the EU."
In its general approach, the Council has strengthened and clarified the provisions on data protection.


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A hanok is a traditional Korean house that is well-made and is beautiful without the use of additional adornments. Hanok buildings have an open garden and lots of windows, allowing for plenty of natural sunlight and air to reach its occupants, which helps create a relaxed and peaceful ambience. In the following column, we introduce some of the best restaurants in Seoul that operate in traditional hanok buildings.
Châtaigne means chestnut in French, and though small, this elegant hanok restaurant focuses on a minimal French dining experience. Châtaigne is becoming more popular thanks to their great food, beautiful decorations and friendly service.
At the restaurant, the chef and customers can interact intimately as the floor plan is quite open. As soon as they enter, visitors are delighted by the contrast of modern and classical features. Trendy light fixtures built on top of traditional hanok rafters is one such feature and they add to the relaxing atmosphere that makes Châtaigne a wonderful choice for any special occasion.
The staff here is very attentive, and the chef pours wine for the guests and explains the dishes himself. Make sure to book in advance to have an unforgettable meal in a hanok at Châtaigne.
Menu: French course meal, wine and more.
Directions: Anguk Station (Seoul Subway Line 3) Exit 1. Walk straight from the exit for about 430 m and turn right onto Samcheong-ro. Walk 650 m and veer right onto Palpan-gil. Then, turn left onto Samcheong-ro 5-gil and the restaurant will be on your left.


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https://play.podtrac.com/npr-510337/edge1.pod.npr.org/anon.npr-podcasts/podcast/npr/lkhome/2019/04/20190417_lkhome_life_kit_-_housing_rent_vs_buy__-_final_20_for_dynamic_insertion-ef009e82-e123-4023-b370-bb322e4def1b.mp3
Choosing between renting or buying a home? Photo: Shannon Wright for NPR
Home/Money/Rent Or Buy? 6 Ways To Consider The Pros And Cons
MoneyNews
Rent Or Buy? 6 Ways To Consider The Pros And Cons
WMFV Staff 2 weeks ago
Original story by: Chris Arnold, Sylvie Douglis, L. Carol Ritchie • NPR
Most Americans say they aspire to homeownership. But how do you know if it's right for you or whether you should continue renting? In this episode, we help you weigh the pros and cons of renting versus owning.
1. The first thing to keep in mind: Owning a home is the No. 1 way most Americans build wealth.
The average net worth of a homeowner is much larger than that of a renter, says Alanna McCargo, vice president for housing finance policy at the Urban Institute. In 2016, the average homeowner's net worth was $231,420; the average net worth of a renter was only $5,200.
"Families have built wealth for generations and financial security over time as a result of their owning a home," McCargo says — a huge factor to consider as you think about whether you want to rent or own.
2. On the other hand, buying a house is not an automatic ticket to the good life, and it may not make you happier.
If you remove the difference in wealth accumulation from the equation, research hasn't shown definitively that buying a home makes people happier, says Elizabeth Dunn, a professor of psychology at the University of British Columbia. She studies how time, money and technology shape human happiness.
"You know, if anything, homeowners seem to experience a little bit more pain from their homes," Dunn says. Renters don't have to fix the water heater when it breaks, make sure their mailbox matches the other ones in the neighborhood, replace the roof every 15 years.
The expense of owning a home goes well beyond the mortgage payment, says Michelle Singletary, a personal finance author and columnist with The Washington Post.
"I'm still a big believer in homeownership — obviously, I've been a homeowner since my second year out of college," Singletary says. "I just believe that you need to take it slow, understand what it means."
3. Renting gives you flexibility.
Renters have one definite benefit over owners: It's a lot easier to pick up and move, whether to escape noisy neighbors or follow a job offer across the country.
Especially when you're younger, Dunn says, you may be happier having the flexibility to travel and teach English in Thailand and pursue other adventures like that, rather than spend money and time dealing with plumbing problems and leaky roofs.
4. That flexibility comes with a cost: Rent will always go up.
Inflation alone pushes rents up over time — and if the neighborhood gets trendy, rents can go through the roof.
But if you own your home (and you have a fixed-rate mortgage), your monthly payment is a fixed cost. McCargo says that this offers peace of mind. And as inflation rises, living in your home gets effectively cheaper over time.
"Not to mention, every single month, you're paying something down every time you make that mortgage payment," says McCargo, thereby building your equity in your home and reducing your debt load.
5. You don't need a big down payment to own a home.
Homeownership might have a lower price of entry than you think. A 20 percent down payment was once standard, but McCargo says the average today is 5 percent of the total. First-time buyers can find programs that offer mortgages with even lower down payments, and some cities offer grants to help with down payments to encourage people to invest in their communities. A good place to go to find out about such incentives is your state's housing finance agency.
6. Owning a home can give you a sense of security — and that can be priceless.
Singletary was surprised by the profound sense of both security and accomplishment she felt from buying her own place.
"I had been raised by my grandmother, and the circumstances in which I came to live with her were not great," she says. "I was thinking, 'Wow, this is supercool — that this kid who was thrown away and almost ended up in foster care, here she is, at 22. I own my own home.' It was a great deal of satisfaction and pride that I had done this, against all odds."
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Sid Barron
Ivan Kocmarek
Sid Arnold Barron was born in Toronto on June 13, 1917 and from his obituary written by Tom Hawthorn for the Globe and Mail in 2006 (he died on April 29 in Victoria) we learn that he was an illegitimate child of a Belgian officer billeted with his mother's family. He was raised by his aunt and her family who moved the family quickly to Victoria, B. C. when Sid was just two and he grew up on Menzies St. where he developed a love for boats and the harbour. He did not learn the truth about his real mother until he was an adult. Sid also had a pronounced stammer and was treated for the speech disorder later in the United States.
He took classes from Allan Edwards (who also taught Pierre Berton) in the late thirties and then illustrated schedule cards for Union Steamships out of Vancouver as well as designing containers and neon signs but soon moved back to Toronto where prospects for illustration work seemed better.
In his mid-twenties he began working in the fledgling Canadian comic book industry for the last major publisher, Educational Projects out of Montreal which began publishing its main comic, Canadian Heroes Comics in October of 1942. Sid drew a variety of stories for this, almost entirely, non-fictional comic. He also illustrated some of the content of the only issue of Famous Adventure Stories No. 1, which was a Classics Comics type of a classic fiction anthology by the same publisher. Sid also did war illustrations for the Toronto Star during this time.
Canadian Heroes V. 3 N. 5
Canadian Heroes V. 3 N. 5 p. 31
Sid's A Christmas Carol from Famous Adventure Stories
Gulliver's Travels from Famous Adventure Stories
In 1958 publisher Stu Keate asked Sid to do cartoons for The Victoria Times and he found himself on the west coast again. Then in 1961 by way of an introduction from Pierre Berton, Sid began working as a political cartoonist alternate and complement to Duncan Macpherson for the Toronto Star and found himself in Toronto again. A year later he moved to Calgary to work for The Albertan while still selling material to The Star. In 1964 his work also began to appear in Maclean's Magazine.
1972 Toronto Star
His medium was black ink and crayon on commercial board and his subject matter dealt wittily, dryly, and satirically with themes from daily life rather than the directly political. His cartoons were dense and packed with nuances and detail. Robert Fulford called him "…the poet of the mundane…."
His cartoons almost always contained his trademark, striped "puddy tat" somewhere in the lower vestiges of the piece, holding up a sign with a snide comment and often a old biplane sailing through the background trailing a "Mild, isn't it?" banner.
The Barron Cat.
Sid Barron quit cartooning in 1989 and moved to Coombs on Vancouver Island with his wife Jesi, herself an artist and whom he had married in 1975. There they both maintained successful artistic careers where both painted shore and nautical thees.
East End Wharf
Westbridge Fishing Fleet
Canada remembers Sid Barron as a war-time comic book artist, an editorial cartoonist, and a fine arts painter.
Untitled abstract work.
Victoria Inner-Harbour Parliament Buildings
Girls on the Beach
This last graphic is a mixed media piece of Sid Barron by Nova Scotia artist Ken Flett entitled "Sprung from the Loins of Aunt Daisy" and refers to the fact that Sid Barron was raised by his Aunt thinking that she was his mother and only later discovered that the person he thought was his Aunt (Daisy) was, in fact, his biological mother.
# Canadian Editorial cartoons# Canadian Heroes# Canadian War-Time Comics# canadian whites# Educational Projects# Famous Adventure Stories# Sid Barron# WECA
Grew up in Hamilton's North End. Comic collector for over 50 yrs. Recent interest in Canadian WECA era comics.
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Jessie Barron
Thank you. Keep on I could send you a cat drawing for you . I draw a lot of funny cart . Minky is her name. I will need an e mail address. Cheers Jesi
August 1, 2013 / 12:53 pm
Thanks for your supportive comment, Jessie. I would love to get a copy of a cat drawing, from you and I could add it to the post. My email is [email protected] .
August 1, 2013 / 1:56 pm
Once again, a excellent look into the lives of Canada's unknown comic book artists from the golden age!! Thanks Ivan your articles are always informative and thought-provoking.
Susan Barron
Hay mom, that photo doesn't look like Sid one bit! Not his nose or teeth! Where did it come from?
We have lots of better pics of him than that one. (Small one at the bottom)
But enjoyable to read with way .
August 2, 2013 / 9:21 am
Thanks for your comment about your father, Susan. I'm researching that war-time period of Canadian comics and would love to get a picture of Sid working at his desk or easel and one from that period of 1942-5 if you have one. I can also send you the full picture that I cropped for that last little photo to see if it's really a picture of your father. Please contact me at: [email protected] if it's possible that you can help me with my research at all. It would be greatly appreciated. Thanks again to you and Jessie for your kind comments.
Susan,thanks for your email showing that the last picture was not of your father. I apologize for my slip up in research and Scott has removed it. Sorry again.
barb thomson
June 6, 2016 / 9:17 am
I was completely addicted to the editorial cartoons in The Star, for years. Much later, when I found out that cartoonists sold their cartoons privately as well – who knew? – I found an address for him and wrote to ask how much they cost. By practically return mail, I got a big square package of 2 of those cartoons on spec – which itself was a keeper, as he had done so many cartoons about post offices and mail and parcels! And he put 'Fragile!' on the front! Just like in the cartoons…
I framed the actual package as well as the cartoons., and will never part with them.


The property is the thinnest building in beirut ( Lebanon ) . Well known as 'al-Ba'sa' wich in Arabic means 'The Grudge' , the narrow (< 1M ) residential building was build in 1954 to block the direct sea side view from one of the owner's siblings estate.
The delicious roughness of a well behaved city ….


This is a series of Six Classes offered by the Turner Farm Community Garden Program and hosted by the Price Hill Recreation Center.
During the sessions, the group will work together to learn garden basics in the classroom and the Price Hill Community Garden. Class topics include growing fruits and vegetables naturally, seed starting, direct sowing seeds and potatoes, seasonal growing practices, managing pests, in addition to when and how to harvest, cook and store your garden bounty.
In addition through the Learn-Grow-Earn Program participants will have the opportunity to earn a garden bed for their home in exchange for participating in the garden classes, practicum and volunteer work.


Santa Cruz has a popular tourist spot which is the boardwalk and stretches from the crossing of Pacific Ave. and Beach St. The Municipal Wharf is laced with some good eateries and of course all with a tremendous view of the ocean.
The first eating spot situated right at the mouth of the Wharf is the Ideal Bar & Grill. Although google map indicates this to be to the left of the street, it is in fact right on the corner where the 'Dolphin' is mapped. Behind the Ideal is a walkway for pedestrians to access Beach St. coming from the Wharf.
The Bar at the Ideal is round in shape and is an excellent place to chill and enjoy a drink. The windows all around the restaurants have a panoramic view of the Pacific Ocean and provides ample light to this airy restaurant.
As expected, this restaurant specializes in seafood and they have specials during the weekday where you can eat lobster for a good price. Good location and ample seating makes this place a popular spot for the many tourists that come to the Boardwalk.
This entry was posted in Dining & Entertainment - Boardwalk Santa Cruz and tagged boardwalk, Dining & Entertainment, Kebob, Salsa, Santa Cruz. Bookmark the permalink.


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Q: Measuring non execution time with gettimeofday() i launched two processes with two different priorities on one process (using taskset).
I would like to measure the non execution time of the process => time where one process is waiting for th other to get the CPU resources.
How can i do this?

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Q: Extending base class fields functionality I have next code that represents graph edges and nodes (simplified for question):
public class Node
{
}

public class Edge
{
    public Node Source { get; set; }
    public Node Target { get; set; }
}

Now I want to extend this classes for describing mine topology:
public class MineNode : Node
{
    public double FanPressure { get; set; }
}

public class MineTunnel : Edge
{
    public double Length { get; set; }
    public double CrossSectionArea { get; set; }

    public MineTunnel()
    {
        Source = new MineNode();
        Target = new MineNode();
    }
}

The problem is that I want to access additional data provided by MineNode when using Source and Target properties, but I can access only Node fields because they are declared in base class:
MineTunnel t = new MineTunnel();
Console.WriteLine(t.Source.FanPressure); //Error

The only way to access FanPressure is to cast Source to MineNode but code become ugly this way.
Console.WriteLine(((MineNode)t.Source).FanPressure); //OK

The another way is maybe to use somehow generics in base class declaration. But I'm not sure is that a good practice in my situation.
So, how can I solve such problem - extend functionality of base class fields?
Thanks.

A: You could define your Edge type as generic, with constraints:
public class Edge<TNode> where TNode: Node
{
  public TNode Source { get; set; }
  public TNode Target { get; set; }
}

Through which you could redefine your MineTunnel type as:
public class MineTunnel : Edge<MineNode>
{
  // Stuff
}

A: I think generics is the way to go here...
Try this:
public class Node
{

}

public class Edge<S, T>
    where S : Node
    where T : Node
{
    public S Source { get; set; }
    public T Target { get; set; }
}

Then you can extend the Node and Edge classes with:
public class MineNode : Node
{
    public double FanPressure { get; set; }
}

public class MineTunnel : Edge<MineNode, MineNode>
{
    public double Length { get; set; }
    public double CrossSectionArea { get; set; }

    public MineTunnel()
    {
        Source = new MineNode();
        Target = new MineNode();
    }
}

Please correct me if this is wrong or doesn't work... :)
MineTunnel t = new MineTunnel();
Console.WriteLine(t.Source.FanPressure); // Now this works without errors ;)


There are still a small number of 737-200's operating in China. This particular aircraft, one of two of its type in the Xiamen Airlines fleet, was one of the last 737-200's off the production line in 1988.
Just a slight correction: this IS the last 737-200 built. Other than that, I can just hear those JT8Ds roaring by me.


text:
Wine of Youth is a 1924 American silent comedy drama film directed by King Vidor, and released by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, shortly after the merger which created MGM in April 1924. Vidor did not consider it important enough to mention in his autobiography, although it did advance the careers of three young stars-to-be: Ben Lyon, Eleanor Boardman, and William Haines.

An early "flapper" romance of the Roaring Twenties, Vidor tested the limits of presenting unconventional social behavior among American youth in the Jazz Age  which ends with a paean to parental authority.

Plot
Mary (Eleanor Boardman) is a girl wooed by two suitors but made afraid of marriage by the quarreling of her parents. Eventually she accepts Lynn, the more refined and poised of the two suitors.

Cast

Production
Vidor's arrival at the newly amalgamated Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer would mark the beginning of a 20-year association with the studio. Wine of Youth is his first film appear under M-G-M.

Theme
Wine of Youth is the first of four films that preceded Vidor's groundbreaking war epic The Big Parade (1925). In substance these four "Jazz Age flaming youth pictures" of which three survive bear little resemblance to work to emerge in the late 1920s.

Vidor opens the film by contrasting the courtship rituals that characterized the mothers and grandmothers of the female "flappers" in the post-WWI period. The young women of the earlier Victorian Era swoon while reclining in their parent's parlor with their beaux, declaring "there's never been so great a love as ours." The liberated flappers reject these conventions and  organize a faux honeymoon with their boyfriends in the forest. Here they drink alcohol, smoke cigarettes and cavort sexually, images very appealing to urban youth of that era. (Vidor described the movie as an "exploitation piece").

Having defied conventionality and flirted with her virginity, the protagonist, Mary, discovers a new and genuine desire for her future husband that returns her to the fold: "there's never been so great a love as ours." Ostensibly an effort to present the virtues of a trial marriage - to discover "how a man is in every day life before you give him your all" - Vidor contended that "there were so many restrictions and inhibitions that it really took the guts out of the idea."

Preservation
The film is preserved at George Eastman House, Rochester New York. In February 2020, the film was shown at the 70th Berlin International Film Festival, as part of a retrospective dedicated to King Vidor's career.

Footnotes

References
Baxter, John. 1976. King Vidor. Simon & Schuster, Inc. Monarch Film Studies. LOC Card Number 75-23544.
Durgnat, Raymond and Simmon, Scott. 1988. King Vidor, American. University of California Press, Berkeley.
Eames, John Douglas (1988). The MGM Story: the Complete History of Fifty Roaring Years. Crown Publishers.

External links

1924 films
1924 comedy-drama films
1920s English-language films
American silent feature films
American black-and-white films
Films directed by King Vidor
Films produced by Louis B. Mayer
Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer films
Flappers
1920s American films
Silent American comedy-drama films

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Антонен Гигонна́ (; ) — французский биатлонист, двухкратный чемпион мира в эстафетах, серебряный призёр чемпионата мира 2019 года в масс-старте. Выступает за клуб «Виллар — Боэж».

Карьера

На международных соревнованиях впервые выступил в 2011 году на чемпионате мира среди юниоров в шведском Турсбю, где в индивидуальной гонке занял 39-е место, в спринте — 18-е, в гонке преследования — 12-е, а в эстафете вместе с Флораном Клодом и Симоном Детьё завоевал серебро.

На Кубке IBU дебютировал в сезоне 2010/2011 на заключительном этапе во французском Анси. В индивидуальной гонке Гигонна финишировал 51-м, в спринте — 43-м, в преследовании — 42-м.

После успешно проведённого Чемпионата Европы 2015 (бронза в спринте) Антонен дебютировал в Кубке мира на этапе в чешском Нове-Место. Уже во второй гонке Гигонна сумел набрать первые кубковые очки, став 25-м в гонке преследования.

Сезон 2015/2016 провёл с переменным успехом, то находясь в составе основной команды на Кубке мира (лучший результат — 31-е место в гонке преследования на этапе в Рупольдинге), то на Кубке IBU, где выиграл свою первую личную гонку — спринт на этапе в итальянском Валь-Мартелло.

Сезон 2016/2017 провёл на Кубке IBU, по итогам которого занял 3-е место. На Кубке мира пробежал только две гонки (лучший результат — 32-е место в гонке преследования на этапе в Оберхофе).

Сезон 2017/2018 начал на Кубке IBU. После двух побед на втором этапе в швейцарском Ленцерхайде был вызван в основную сборную. В своей первой гонке после возвращения на Кубок мира на этапе во французском Анси стал 3-им в спринте. Для Антонена это был первый подиум в личной гонке. На этапе в Рупольдинге вновь поднялся на подиум, финишировав 3-им в масс-старте. После Олимпийских игр 2018 года спортсмен завоёвывает первую в своей карьере золотую медаль: вместе с Шевалье-Буше в одиночной смешанной эстафете.

В своей первой спринтерской гонке на Кубке мира 2018/19 на этапе в словенской Поклюке стал 2-м. Это третий подиум на этапах Кубка мира в карьере французского биатлониста. В этом же сезоне он финиширует с 3-м результатом в спринте и становится 2-м в гонке преследования.

В сезоне 2020/2021 Гигонна выигрывает вторую золотую медаль — в этот раз уже в составе этафеты. На Чемпионате мира 2021 года в Поклюке вместе с Жулией Симон он выигрывает золотую медаль в одиночной смешанной эстафете. Для него эта медаль становится третьей золотой и первой золотой на чемпионатах мира.

Позиция в Кубке мира
 2014/2015 — 62-е место (49 очков)
 2015/2016 — 89-е место (10 очков)
 2016/2017 — 86-е место (12 очков)
 2017/2018 — 20-е место (379 очков)
 2018/2019 — 11-е место (686 очков)
 2019/2020 — 27-е место (254 очка)
 2020/2021 — 20-е место (473 очка)

Юниорские достижения

Участие в чемпионатах Европы

Участие на Олимпийских играх

Участие на Чемпионатах мира

Примечания

Биатлонисты Франции
Биатлонисты на зимних Олимпийских играх 2018 года
Чемпионы мира по биатлону


text:
Our Favourite Links
Below are some links we think you might find useful.
Royal Albatross Centre
The Royal Albatross Centre is located at Taiaroa Head on the tip of the Otago Peninsula, Dunedin. Owned and operated by the Otago Peninsula Trust, a charitable trust, whose purpose and objective is the protection and enhancement of the Otago Peninsula. Taiaroa Head itself, a nature reserve is managed by the Department of Conservation.
As well as being the only mainland place in the world to view Northern Royal Albatrosse in their natural habitat, Taiaroa Head has a strong historical connection. From Maori settlement in the 1300's to the signing of the Treaty of Waitangi: the establishment of the lighthouse and fortifications in the late 1800's, and its use as a defence base during World War I and II, New Zealand's culture and history is uniquely celebrated here alongside wildlife.
Larnach Castle
With its exciting, sometimes scandalous and tragic history, magnificent carved ceilings, New Zealand antiques and breathtaking views, Larnach Castle offers you a vision of the past and present. Today, the Castle is the home of the Barker family, who have spent over forty years lovingly restoring the building and recreating the beauty of the 14 hectares of gardens and grounds.
Penguin Place
Penguin Place is a private conservation reserve dedicated to helping the endangered Yellow Eyed Penguin survive.
This conservation project is entirely funded by guided tours of the reserve. This funding provides habitat restoration, predator control, a research programme and on-site rehabilitation care for penguins that are sick, starving or wounded.
Monarch Wildlife Cruises & Tours
As three-time New Zealand Tourism Award winners, operating since 1983, we'll show you the best of the Otago Peninsula and its wildlife. Albatross, Penguins, Marine Mammals, Ocean and Pelagic Birds and more. In addition to this teeming wildlife we'll share the fascinating history and geology of the area with you. An unforgettable experience awaits, the highlight of your Dunedin visit!
Elm Wildlife Tours
Join us to experience absolutely unrivalled close-up viewing of rare yellow eyed penguins, Hooker's sea lions, NZ fur seals and little blue penguins within our restricted wildlife conservation sanctuary, see albatross at Tairoa headland and other wildlife around Otago peninsula bay's and lagoons.


David is starting work on a new record for Concord, which is currently untitled. When he's not working the 6am to 10am shift as the on air personality for KJAZZ on weekdays, David is hard at work writing lots of songs, including a commissioned classical work, and a surprise cover tune from a movie. Can you guess which one? You won't have to wait too long….David is going into the studio in mid-January 2012. Stay tuned to the website and other social media outlets for updates!


Sweeta Patel (Registered since September-2018) last updated this job 79 days ago via website & 23 candidates already applied for this job out of 124 candidates who visited this job so far on Clickindia.
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text:
Джессіка Таунсенд (народилася 18 квітня 1985 року у Калаундрі, Квінсленд) — австралійська письменниця, відома серією дитячих фантастичних романів, Серія книг про Невермур. Її дебютний роман Невермур: Випробування Морріґан Кроу отримав премію «Книга року» на Австралійській премії книжкової індустрії, і потрапив у шорт-лист  у 2019 році, та отримав премію Патрісії Райтсон для дитячої літератури. На  «Невермур» виграв як і премію за найкращу загальноопубліковану роботу, так і за дитячу. Він також виграв  для молодшої художньої літератури у 2018 році.Права на фільми про «Невермур» були продані компанії 20th Century Fox у 2016 році. Також уже відомий сценарист, Дрю Годдард, який буде адаптовувати сценарій книги для фільму.

Творчість

Серія книг про Невермур

 Невермур: Випробування Морріґан Кроу оригінал англ. (2017), в Україні (2018)
 Дивосміт: Покликання Морріґан Кроу оригінал англ. (2018), в Україні (2020)
 Hollowpox: The Hunt for Morrigan Crow оригінал англ. (2020), в Україні (ЩНВ)

Біографія
Джессіка Таунсенд виросла у Квінсленді, Австралія. Свою першу історію вона написала у віці 7 років, і вона була опублікована в бюлетені місцевої бібліотеки. Таунсенд почала писати першу книгу з серії «Невермур» того року, коли закінчила середню школу.  Вона працювала 8 років копірайтером, а в  Стіва Ірвіна - 5 років, також, вона працювала редактором дитячого журналу Crikey!  Вона переїхала до Лондона у 22 роки та протягом останніх 10 років жила і жила у Квінсленді та Лондоні. Продаж книг про «Невермур» дозволив Джессіці Таунсенд стати штатним письменником.

Невермур: Випробування Морріґан Кроу був першим романом Джессіки. Інтерес до видавничих прав почався на Франкфуртському книжковому ярмарку у 2016 році, і права на нього подали вісім різних видавничих компаній.  Таунсенд вирішила продати права видавничій компанії  в рамках шестизначного контракту на три книги.  У 2019 році контракт з Hachette був розширений ще на три книги.  Джессіка заявила, що вона уже написала сюжети для дев'яти книг з серії про «Невермур».

Літературні натхнення
Джессіка Таунсенд згадувала кілька літературних творів, які надихнули її на своє написання. До них входять: книга Маленькі жінки, яку вона називає своєю улюбленою, , Темні матерії, , , No Gun For Asmir, і серія книг про Гаррі Поттера. Її роботи порівнювали з роботами Дж. К. Роулінг і вона назвала Роулінг як її основне натхнення. До фільмових впливів входять Віллоу і Повернення в країну Оз.

Критики також відзначають подібність між світом Невермура та сучасним Лондоном.

Примітки

Посилання
 Townsend Hachette Австралія

Австралійські письменниці
Австралійські письменники
Австралійські дитячі письменники
Письменниці-фантастки


U.S. stock-index futures rose along with global stocks early Friday, as markets struggled to shake off this week's plunge blamed on fears about rising interest rates and the impact of President Trump's trade wars on looming corporate earnings reports. On Thursday, the S&P 500 fell by 2.1 percent, its sixth straight day of losses. The Dow Jones Industrial Average also fell by 2.1 percent, and the Nasdaq Composite lost 1.3 percent.


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While surfing on web, you may need to save a webpage for future need. Every browser comes with a save option to save any webpage. But normally this save functionality is about saving a page as HTML. But you may need to save a page as PDF file as PDF files has better portability, easier to use and transfer. Converting a web page into PDF also necessary if you want to print it later. PDF files are excellent to keep the documents in original format. There are many web tools and desktop software to convert web documents to PDF but having able to doing this within the browser is more convenient.
Fortunately, as of Google Chrome browser, you don't need to install any extra piece of extension or plugin to save any webpage as PDF. Chrome's built-in print feature has an option to save any web document as PDF without actually printing it. you can then save the PDF document for any future purpose and printing as well. Previously we used Chrome's print feature trick to export Facebook contacts.
2. Now in the print view window, click on Change under Destination from left-hand side.
3. In destination selection window, choose Save as PDF.
4. After you have changed your destination as PDF, click on Save from top-left corner.
5. Clicking on Save button should ask you where to save your PDF document. Click Save in Save as window. Or Chrome will automatically save it to default download folder depending on setting.
This will save the whole page, not just the visible window.
Done. Your HTML web page is now saved as PDF file. You can now open it with any PDF reader or Chrome itself too (Chrome has built-in PDF reader). This way you can save or convert any image or text document to PDF. To do that, just open the target document with Chrome then use print.
For Firefox, I couldn't find a workaround from built-in features to print a webpage to PDF. But it's not hard to install a simple extension that will do that. Here, we will use a Firefox add-on.
1. From your Firefox browser, head to Save as PDF add-on page. Install it. It's a very lightweight plugin.
2.Restart Firefox to enable the add-on. After restart, visit the website or link of which you want to save the page as PDF. Then click on the Save as PDF button appearing on toolbar.
3. Soon after, you will be prompted to save the PDF file. That's it.
This add-on uses pdffcrowd.com API to convert html to PDF online service. The work of this add-on is very simple.
I was having hard time to get existing IE add-ons work for me as most of them are outdated. NitroPDF has an add-on for Internet Explore that installs a button in IE to convert web pages to PDF directly. I couldn't get it work for my IE 11 on Windows 8. Adobe says installing Adobe acrobat should install an one click save to PDF button on your internet explorer. If none of these tools work for you, you can use online services like pdfmyurl.com, htmlpdf.com, web2pdfconvert.com, etc. They have plenty of options.
The only add-on I found for Opera is Web2PDFConvert. After installing this add-on, it will add a button on Opera toolbar. Use that button to save your page to PDF.
For Safari, you can simply add a 'Save Page as PDF' in toolbar by using a bookmark. Take a look at PDF Download for Safari. This system works for all browsers.
The easiest and simple way to save webpages to PDF is using Google Chrome Browser. Another method that works for all browsers in same way is, if you have an application that can save or edit PDF documents like Adobe Acrobat, novaPDF, Snagit, etc, you can use print feature in your browser and then choose the application in target printer. A visual example of using print to save as PDF on any browser using novaPDF. Or use bookmarklet trick that works with all browsers so you don't have to install any extension or application.


text:
ViiV HEALTHCARE ANNOUNCES NEXT ROUND OF THE POSITIVE ACTION SOUTHERN INITIATIVE TO SUPPORT LINKAGES TO HIV/AIDS CARE AND TREATMENT ADHERENCE
Research Triangle Park, NC – March 19, 2014 – ViiV Healthcare today issued a new request for letters of interest (LOIs) for the sixth round of its Positive Action Southern Initiative – inviting community organizations in Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana and Mississippi to submit an LOI to support programs focused on reducing disparities in HIV/AIDS linkages to care and treatment among at-risk populations in their communities. Based on the tangible results achieved through the program thus far, it has grown in the past four years into a network of nearly 30 organizations. With today's announcement, that number will again increase, and the Positive Action Southern Initiative will have committed over $2.7M toward funding local projects to improve care and services for people living with or at risk for HIV/AIDS in this disproportionately-impacted region.
"Supporting local HIV/AIDS organizations that understand the specific issues impacting their communities and can deliver hands-on solutions is an integral component of achieving the goals outlined in the National HIV/AIDS Strategy," said Bill Collier, Head of North America, ViiV Healthcare. "With round six of the Initiative, we look forward to welcoming new organizations to the network who can help build on successes achieved through the program and work in collaboration with other network members to meet persistent needs in the Southern United States."
The Positive Action Southern Initiative is a collaborative, community-focused program that supports existing initiatives responding to the complexity of the HIV/AIDS continuum of care – from linking people living with HIV into care, to enhancing their treatment adherence, and delaying disease progression. Designed to address these gaps in care and treatment, which have been documented through the Gardner Cascade, the Positive Action Southern Initiative reflects the White House National HIV/AIDS Strategy by directing resources to areas and populations that have the greatest need. With particular focus on reducing disparities among African-American and Latino populations, the Positive Action Southern Initiative currently operates in 10 Southern states – Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas and Virginia.
Racial and ethnic minorities have been disproportionately affected by HIV/AIDS since the beginning of the epidemic, representing 68 percent of all new AIDS diagnoses in 2011, with new infection rates highest among African-American adults and adolescents. [i] These health disparities are particularly prevalent in the Southern U.S. In Alabama, 68 percent of newly diagnosed individuals were African-American in 2012, despite comprising 26 percent of the population in the state.[ii] In Georgia, Louisiana and Mississippi, more than 70 percent of all new HIV infections impacted African-Americans and young people.[iii], [iv], [v] Through the Positive Action Southern Initiative, selected organizations that work to tackle these disparities and their root causes will be awarded up to $50,000 per year for a provisional commitment over the next two years.
"Over the past four years we've seen how the Southern Initiative fosters programs and partnerships that affect meaningful change and successfully address gaps in the HIV/AIDS continuum of care," said Erik Valera, Program Director, Latinos in the Deep South at the Latino Commission on AIDS. "This program offers a unique opportunity for community-based organizations to expand successful programs, and to collaborate and share effective strategies for addressing unmet needs among the most at-risk and most impacted populations in these communities."
Southern Initiative Application Process
The latest phase of the program focuses on supporting U.S. minorities, as well as high-risk individuals in linkages to care and adherence. Priority will be given to projects that address critical gaps in services.
The funds are intended to support existing, innovative programs with strategic support of program enhancements, such as but not limited to:
Prioritizing closing HIV disparity gaps to address those most impacted by HIV in the community, emphasis may be placed on, but not limited to: racial/ethnic inequities, socio-economic status, youth and/or elderly status, and geographic barriers
Adding mental health or substance abuse counseling to an existing, successful program
Improving program capacity to provide linguistically and culturally appropriate resources (e.g., a Spanish-speaking staff member and materials) for emerging populations new to the community or program, emphasis may be placed on: non-English speaking populations, youth, and Gay/Bisexual/Same Gender loving men of color
Training staff to focus on issues related to clients who have been incarcerated and funding an ongoing support group for the formerly incarcerated to address linkages to care
Training staff in "motivational interviewing" to enhance skills and providing innovative incentives to further motivate high-risk clients to stay adherent
Submitting an Initial Letter of Interest
Interested parties can receive detailed information about the application priorities, process and criteria and can download an application form.
Questions about the process should be directed to positiveaction@viivhealthcare.com. Letters of Interest must be received by April 11, 2014, 5 p.m. ET for consideration to the full proposal phase.
All applicants invited to submit full proposals will be considered Network Finalists. Finalists will be invited to be a part of the ViiV Healthcare Positive Action Southern Initiative Network. Some of the Network benefits include networking activities, an online portal and technical assistance – including opportunities to share lessons learned with one another and with community experts. Organizations awarded grants will be notified in September. Programs receiving grant awards will be highlighted on the ViiV Healthcare website and, where possible, learnings and insights gained from the projects will be broadly shared.
About ViiV Healthcare's Positive Action Program
The Southern Initiative is part of ViiV Healthcare's broader Positive Action program that has empowered community organizations in Africa, Europe, Latin America and Asia over the past 22 years. As a company focused solely on HIV/AIDS, ViiV Healthcare is committed to building on the success of the global program with efforts to support projects in the United States that address areas of greatest need.
When Positive Action was created in 1992 it was the first pharmaceutical company program of its kind to support communities affected by HIV and AIDS. The program targets its funds towards community-focused projects that reach those most affected by HIV, particularly in marginalized or vulnerable populations. These include youth, women and girls, sex workers, injection drug users, MSM, the incarcerated, transgender individuals and gay men. Positive Action works to build capacity in these communities to enable them to tackle stigma and discrimination, to test innovations in education, care and treatment, and to deliver greater and meaningful involvement of people living with HIV.
About ViiV Healthcare
ViiV Healthcare is a global specialist HIV company established in November 2009 by GlaxoSmithKline (LSE: GSK) and Pfizer (NYSE: PFE) dedicated to delivering advances in treatment and care for people living with HIV. Shionogi joined as a 10 percent shareholder in October 2012. The company's aim is to take a deeper and broader interest in HIV/AIDS than any company has done before and take a new approach to deliver effective and new HIV medicines, as well as support communities affected by HIV. For more information on the company, its management, portfolio, pipeline and commitment, please visit www.viivhealthcare.com.
U.S. Media Inquiries: Marc Meachem (919) 483-8756
[i] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. HIV Surveillance by Race/Ethnicity (through 2011). Accessed March 3, 2014 from http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/pdf/statistics_surveillance_raceEthnicity.pdf
[ii] State of Alabama HIV Surveillance 2012 Annual Report. Accessed March 3, 2014 from http://www.adph.org/aids/assets/Finalized_2012HIVSurveillance.pdf
[iii] Georgia Department of Public Health. HIV/AIDS Surveillance Fact Sheet. Accessed March 3, 2014 from https://dph.georgia.gov/sites/dph.georgia.gov/files/related_files/site_page/2011%20Georgia%20HIV%20AIDS%20Fact%20Sheet.pdf
[iv] SHARP. Louisiana State Report: An Analysis of the Successes, Challenges, and Opportunities for Improving Healthcare Access. 2010. Accessed March 3, 2014 from http://www.taepusa.org/Portals/0/Documents/Louisiana%20SHARP%20Report.pdf
[v] HIV Disease 2012 Fact Sheet. Mississippi State Department of Health. Accessed March 3, 2014 from http://msdh.ms.gov/msdhsite/_static/resources/5070.pdf
For our corporate press office, email: Isabelle Scali
OR call +44 7557 290 420
For US-specific media enquiries,email:audrey.x.abernathy@viivhealthcare.com
OR call +1 919 605 4521


text:
Virginia: Black Killer Jesse Matthew Pleads Guilty in Rape-Murders of White Students
Yes, Race Is Real
Cucktianity: "Collections and Hand-Outs" for Rapefugees
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Ancient Lourdes
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The True Story of Haiti — and the Mass Murder of Whites Under Black Rule
Rigging the Election: Mass Voter Fraud
Bradford Hanson (Editor) · 19 October, 2016
This video reveals the utter corruption of the "democratic" system we have been taught to revere and respect.
PARTIAL TRANSCRIPT: PART OF James O'Keefe's new explosive series on the DNC and Hillary Clinton campaign, in this production you will see Democratic party operatives tell us how to successfully commit voter fraud on a massive scale. Scott Foval, who has since been fired, admits that the Democrats have been rigging elections for fifty years.
Part 1 went viral on social media, and was to appear on numerous TV news outlets — but all were cancelled out of fear of retaliation. Foval was fired yesterday after Part 1 was posted on the Internet.
Scott Foval, Deputy Political Director at People for the American Way (a Soros-controlled leftist "lobby"), then American United For Change (AUFC): "You know what, we've been bussing people in, to deal with you f**kin' assholes for 50 years and we're not going to stop now, we're just going to find a different way to do it…. They used to bus people out to Iowa. If we needed people out there, we'd bus people out to Iowa." (0:40)
Scott Foval, Deputy Political Dirctor at People for the American Way (Soros), then American United For Change (AUFC) (DNC front group): "We manipulated the vote with money and action. Massive vote fraud involving people being bussed across state lines to vote; if you use cars it is almost impossible to prove there was a conspiracy. Cars were obtained from car auctions, cars acquired by shell companies. Phony addresses are acquired by canvassers. If you get caught by a reporter it doesn't matter at all." (4:00)
Scott Foval
"So what you do is you implement the plan on a much larger scale. You implement a massive change in state legislatures and in Congress. So you aim higher for your goals, and you implement it across every Republican-held state." (8:00)
"Two within striking distance. Michigan, Indiana." (8:25)
"So Bob Creamer comes up with a ot of these ideas. I work with Bob Creamer one on one all the time. I'm the white hat, Democracy Partners is kind of a dark Hat. I will probably end up being a partner there at some point, because our philosophy is actually the same." (9:00)
Bob Creamer founded Democracy Partners in 2011; he is the husband of Rep. Jan Schakowsky (D, Ill) from Chicago.
Q. "What do you need for an illegal alien to vote? What makes you a citizen? An ID card of any kind and a pay stub with a local address:. To get registered? If I hired illegal aliens could I use them to get more registered voters?"
A. (Creamer): "The people that are involved in Hispanic registration… I mean there are a couple of different organizations that's their big trick." (9:50)
Q: "Okay, yeah, if you know folks that you can put me in touch with."
A. (Creamer): "We'll help you do this, I mean, this is very important this stuff. Turnout is huge, huge, huge." (11:30)
A second meeting was set up for the "Donor" to discuss with Creamer how the voter fraud plan could be set in motion:
Q. "Could I employ these people for a day and issue corporate IDs for them?"
A. (Creamer): "Here's my fear… I'm going to run this by our lawyers. My fear is that someone would decide that this was a big voter fraud scheme, and…" (12:10)
Then Creamer went to Foval who noted they should not be personally involved but Foval noted he would connect the donor to people who could "make it happen": "However, other people can make things happen that you don't need to know about." Foval notes Creamer would still know about it, but officially would not know about it. Foval: "We talk about lots of things that we don't talk about." (13:10)
Creamer associate Cesar Vargas (co-founder of the DREAM Action Coalition, a New York lawyer and a DREAMer himself — and an "undocumented" alien) spoke to an undercover investigator in New York.
Q. "…essentially getting a bunch of people on a bus or whatever. Taking them around the country. They legally can vote. So they can vote. At the same time they're also getting work permits under a different name and again voting on behalf of people who cannot vote."
Vargas states it is too late to do this in this election, but if Trump is elected president they could do it in 2018. If Clinton is elected, immigration reform will make them all citizens who can legally vote. (13:45)
Q. "If we cross that bridge, can I tell him that you're the one who can possibly help us do that?"
A. (Vargas): "Yeah absolutely. I mean, count me in."
Q. "You know, technically this is voter fraud." (15:30)
A. (Foval): "We have to do a better job of making our people do what they're supposed to do. Not asking them. Making them. Not expecting them and taking them for granted but beating the shit out of them and then making them do it."
Q. "You mean voters?"
A. "Yeah." (15:45)
Source: National Vanguard correspondents
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Tags:DemocracyDemocratsGeorge SorosHillary ClintonLiesVoter Fraud
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text:
Introducing Xian Drum Tower, Xian Drum Tower Guide, Xian Drum Tower Muslim Travel Guide, Xian Drum Tower Information
The Drum Tower is located northwest of the Bell Tower, across the Bell Tower and Drum Tower Square. Both of them are called the "sister buildings" or "morning bell and dark drum". In ancient China, especially from the Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368), the drums were used to signal the running of time and on occasion were used as an alarm in emergency situations.
The Drum Tower in Xian was initially built in 1380 during the reign of Emperor Hongwu of the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644), and was renovated twice in 1699 and 1740 in the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911). It is a two-storied post and panel structure, 34 meters (about 112 feet) high and 52.6 meters (about 172 feet) long from east to west as well as 38 meters (about 124 feet) wide from north to south. The architecture style of the Drum Tower is a combination of the styles of the Tang Dynasty (618-907) and the Qing Dynasty. However, the Drum Tower also has some innovative features. For example, it should be mentioned that there is no iron nail used anywhere in the Drum Tower.
Arriving at the Drum Tower you will see that there is an arched doorway in the centre of the south and north walls, doorway being 6 meters (about 20 feet) in both height and width. The north entrance leads to Beiyuan Men and south to Xi Dajie. Visitors can go upstairs to the second floor, and enjoy the views around the Drum Tower. Meanwhile, you will notice that there are twenty-four drums in the north and south sides of the Drum Tower. These drums stand for the Twenty-four Solar Terms which is a kind of weather calendar created by the Chinese ancients in order to guide the agricultural production.
In modern times, the Drum Tower is not used as a timer any more, but there are some new attractions for visitors to enjoy. In the year of 1996, a new drum, covered by a whole piece of cowhide was given a place on the Drum Tower. It is the biggest drum in China at present. What is more, visitors will enjoy musical performances on the Drum Tower. These performances will enlighten one on the power of ancient Chinese culture.
When you finish visiting the Drum Tower, you may round off your trip, by tasting a number of delicious snacks of Shaanxi in the Moslem Street (Huimin Jie) adjacent to the Drum Tower.
Quick Facts on Xian Drum Tower
• Name: Xian Drum Tower
• Dates: Ming Dynasty (1368-1644)
• Recommended Time for a Visit: 1 Hour


Notes: Born at Minneapolis, Minn., July 29, 1866. C.E., Pennsylvania Military Academy; M.D., University of Pennsylvania, 1890; Associate in Gynaecology, Johns Hopkins University; Associate Professor of Gynaecology, 1901-. 700 North Howard Street, Baltimore.


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The Rosetta system-level design language is a specification language created to support design and analysis of heterogeneous models at varying levels of abstraction. These abstraction levels are represented in Rosetta as domains, specifying a particular semantic vocabulary and modeling style. The following dissertation proposes a framework, semantics and methodology for automated verification of safety preservation over specification transformations between domains. Utilizing the ideas of lattice theory, abstract interpretation and category theory we define the semantics of a Rosetta domain as well as safety of specification transformations between domains using Galois connections and functors. With the help of Isabelle, a higher order logic theorem prover, we verify the existence of Galois connections between Rosetta domains as well as safety of transforming specifications between these domains. The following work overviews the semantic infrastructure required to construct the Rosetta domain lattice and provides a methodology for verification of transformations within the lattice.