text:
Update on newspaper angst
By Kevin Roderick | February 12, 2009 2:25 PM
Newsroom staffers at the Los Angeles Times have been told to expect the newest layoff taps to be delivered Monday, amid talk that the numbers to be let go are creeping up past the 70 (and 300 paper-wide) that publisher Eddy Hartenstein had previously decided on. Some of the paper's best remaining journalists are preparing to go, as angst levels were kicked up to new levels by 1) a severance package expected to be worth half of last year's and 2) Hartenstein's remarks that the paper is on the verge of operating in the red for the first time, that online and print advertising are declining, and that one outcome of Tribune bankruptcy could be a "Circuit City scenario" in which the Times and other assets are liquidated.
Also today:
The Chicago Tribune cut 12 more news positions and said it will close its Jerusalem bureau.
Newspaper analyst Alan Mutter predicts that Media News (owner of the Los Angeles Newspaper Group) is one of two big newspaper publishers closest to default.
USC Annenberg director Geneva Overholser predicts on tonight's So Cal Connected segment on newspapers (based on the teaser) that sometime this year, a major U.S. city will be left without a daily newspaper. It airs at 8 p.m.
Erin Aubry Kaplan, the former L.A. Times Op-Ed columnist, blogs for KCET that the Times is dying the death of a thousand paper cuts.
The SPJ chapter here will hold a Feb. 18 panel called "Imagine a City Without a Newspaper" hosted by Fox 11's John Schwada and including Overholser, Supervisor Zev Yaroslavsky, Daily News editor Carolina Garcia, Times California editor David Lauter and LAT media columnist James Rainey.
Charley Rose had a future of newspapers discussion on his PBS show.
Previous story: Transparency in newspaper endorsements
Next story: Talking Measure B


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You are here: Home › Artists › Kauffmann
Angelica Kauffmann
Born: Chur, Switzerland, 30 October 1741
Died: Rome, Died: 5 November 1807
daughter of Joseph Kauffmann (1707-82), a muralist and portrait painter
with father; with Giovanni Battista Piranesi and Charles-Louis Clerisseau (Rome)
1762 – arrives in Florence, meets Benjamin West
1764 – joins Academy of St Luke, Rome; meets Pompeo Batoni, Gavin Hamilton
1765 – portraits exhibited at Free Society of Artists including David Garrick (1765, Burghley House, Cambs); begins history painting
1768 – founding member of the Royal Academy of Art (London) along with Benjamin West, Nathaniel Dance, and Joshua Reynolds. The only other woman founder-member was Mary Moser.
1769 – first Royal Academy exhibition with Hector and Andromache
1770s –decorative panels for neoclassical interiors designed by Robert Adam
1782 –declines position of Court Painter to King Ferdinand and Queen Caroline of Naples
Switzerland, Austria and Italy (until 1766), London (1766-81), Italy (1781-1807)
George III (King of England), Grand Duke Paul and Prince Nikolay Yusupov in Russia, Stanislav II Poniatowski and Stanislav Kostka Potocki in Poland, Queen Caroline of Naples, Joseph II (Emperor of Austria)
Johann Joachim Winckelmann, 1764 (Kunsthaus, Zurich)
Decorative Panels for the Royal Academy at Somerset House: Color, Design, Composition and Genius, 1778-80 (Burlington House, London - now Royal Academy of Art)
Cornelia, Mother of the Gracchi, 1785 (Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, Richmond)
Virgil Reading the Aeneid to Augustus and Octavia, 1788 (Hermitage, St Petersburg)
Christ and the Samaritan Woman at the Well, 1796 (Neue Pinokothek, Munich)
The Danish historian/antiquarian Georg Zoega, who lived in Rome during the late eighteenth century and wrote regular reports to the Danish Crown Prince Frederik, didn't like Angelica Kaufmann's paintings. In a 27 March 1790 letter to Frederik he wrote:
"There is something in her history paintings that, at first glance, flatters the eye, but they do not tolerate extended viewing or the examination of their various parts. Her drawing is neither correct nor representative [of contemporary practice]. The colors are relatively pleasing, but lack truth. They tend toward grayness and are robbed of the warmth that reigns in nature. The figures appear stiff and artificial and her they don't convey either the actual form of limbs or their movements. One also looks in vain for convincing postures in her work, the colors are too bright, and the eye cannot find a resting point."
Georg Zoega, Briefe und Dokumente, Øjvind Andreasen and Karen Ascani eds, vol. II (Copenhagen: Geselleschaft für Dänische Sprache und Literatur, 2013), 452.
In a 10 October 1766 letter to her father Angelica Kauffmann described the importance of social status for artists:
"We would have to have a servant and a maid – decorum demands it – I am now known by everyone here, and in the public eye. It is not only my work that has to preserve my character, everything else has to accord with it – a certain propriety, which is highly necessary today if one wants to distinguish oneself, the most refined ladies come to the house to sit – to visit me – or to see my work; I could not receive people of such rank in an ill-appointed house."
Cited in Angelica Goodden, Miss Angel. The Art and World of Angelica Kauffman (London: Pimlico, 2005), 82.
Manners, Victoria and G.C. Williamson. Angelica Kauffmann, R.A. Her Life and Her Works. New York: Hacker Art Books, 1976
Natter, Tobias. Angelica Kauffmann: A Woman of Immense Talent. Berlin: Hatje Cantz, 2007
Rosenthal, Angela. Angelica Kauffmann: Art and Sensibility. New Haven, CT and London: Yale University Press, 2006
Zeuxis Selecting Models for Helen of Troy Angelica Kauffmann, 1764

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Die Lewis-und-Clark-Brücke (vor der endgültigen Namensgebung als East End Bridge bekannt) ist eine Schrägseilbrücke der Autobahn I-265 in den USA. Sie überquert den Ohio River nordöstlich von Louisville zwischen Kentucky und Indiana.

Die Planungen für das Projekt begannen 1985, eröffnet wurde die Brücke jedoch erst am 18. Dezember 2016. Die Baukosten betrugen 1,1 Mrd. USD.

Die Brücke ist mautfinanziert. Sie wurde von einem Konsortium aus VINCI Highway, Walsh Infrastructure und Bilfinger Project Investments gebaut.

Weblinks
 www.eastendcrossing.com

Einzelnachweise

Brücke über den Ohio River
Erbaut in den 2010er Jahren
Brücke in Kentucky
Brücke in Indiana
Schrägseilbrücke
Bauwerk in Louisville (Kentucky)
Bauwerk im Clark County (Indiana)
Verkehr (Louisville, Kentucky)
Straßenbrücke in den Vereinigten Staaten

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Do Students Have Too Much Free Time?
Many students have either a free period or a study hall depending on which grade they are in.
Episcopal provides a flex time in the morning where students go to advisory to meet with their homeroom teacher. In advisory they are given extra time to get work done.
Students here at Episcopal also have their lunch period to get work done. The first half of lunch provides the upper school students time to finish work since they have to wait for the students in Middle School to finish eating.
There are pros and cons to having all this extra time. The pros are that if you are behind or need to do homework, you have the ability to get it done at school. The cons are that many students do not take advantage and just waste time.
So the question is, does Episcopal give you too much free time?
Dedicated students can get their work done and they love all the extra time. However, for students who are lazy when it comes to school, especially Seniors, it feels almost pointless to be on campus with so much extra time.


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text:
Stories about 2005 earthquake
Raza Rashid
2005 earthquake
poverty in pakistan
Bahawalpur fire
The Bahawalpur inferno victims were not reckless jahils, but simply desperate citizens of Pakistan
The aftermath of disaster is often pervaded by catharsis, and as human nature would always have it, the pressing propensity to find appropriate scapegoats and pass the blame. As I write this merely days after the heinous tragedy of the oil spill on KLP road, it is instantly plain that those who perished in the incident are the ones being held unanimously responsible for the same. But why? Because even as an oil tanker carrying 40,000 litres of fuel overturned whilst making a sharp turn on Sunday morning, it did not immediately unleash the inferno that followed. First, the inhabitants of the nearby village of Ramzanpur ...
Carolyn Bielfeldt
A place to call home: An entrepreneur's journey to bring community to Pakistan's poor
When the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) first started to share the words of the Quran and spread Islam, he was forced to flee his home of Mecca due to persecution. He, along with the Emigrants who had left their homes behind for the sake of their faith, found refuge with the newly converted Muslims in Medinah. These Muslims — known as Ansar, or "The Helpers," — embraced Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and the Emigrants as their own, providing them with food, shelter and security. It is this spirit of generosity and brotherhood that led Jawad Aslam to create Ansaar Management Company (AMC), an Acumen investee that provides affordable ...
Rafia Saleem
floods in Pakistan
Lest We Forget about the calamities of nature
"Hmm… good caption," I opened a journal lying in my cupboard bearing the title 'Lest We Forget'. It was a diary from 2011, printed by a corporate institution. The journal was dedicated to the valour of 20 million people affected by the devastating floods in Pakistan in 2010. Each separator of the diary told a different story, both photos and narrative reliving the tragic episode. There were tales of compassion, accounts of faith, legends of misery, and sagas of determination. From Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa (K-P) to Sindh, there was a weak humanity photographed facing the disastrous wrath of nature. Pakistan suffered the worst floods in 2010 – a calamity much greater ...
Farahnaz Zahidi
Earthquake 200(1)5: Are Pakistanis mobilised best when calamities are of colossal magnitudes?
A 100 plus schools and almost 9,000 houses have been demolished in Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa (K-P) alone, and even official figures show that the death toll is bordering on 300 people. Calculating the number of the injured and incapacitated is not difficult to calculate. The earthquake that shook Pakistan on October 26th was not a small calamity by any means. Yet, apart from sporadic sightings of a couple of relief camps, Pakistanis are not mobilised like they were at the time of natural calamities that hit the country in the past. The initial wave of sympathy seems to have dissipated sooner than usual. The very nation which prides itself ...
The reality of Pakistan through Brandon Stanton's lens
While Pakistani fans of Brandon Stanton were posting warm and welcoming comments on the Humans of New York (HONY) Facebook page, the power of pre-conceived notions and assumptions about Pakistan was evident in the contrasting rude and dismissive comments. Some of them called Pakistan "that wretched country" and threatened to give up on being fans of Brandon if he visited Pakistan. Photo: Screenshot And so it has been. Pakistan, a beautiful country, inhabited by a vibrant nation, is often seen globally as a monolithic entity in which only extremists and bigots live, and where only bad things happen. It is seen as not ...
Sherin Zada
Why Malala is not a western puppet
I have always heard about how summer days and winter nights are exceptionally long in Norway. However, it was not until I visited the Scandinavian country myself that I understood the magnitude of their duration. A beautiful country on the whole, the drastic differences in the lengths of its days, as compared to Pakistan, took me a while to adjust myself over there. I was invited by the 14 August Committee to visit Oslo and meet Malala Yousafzai, who was also visiting the city at the time. When we reached the Oslo international airport, the other committee members and I were told to wait ...
Dilaira Dubash
Shiver me timbers!
Drop, cover and hold on. That's what's taught during an earthquake drill. Most of us would have known that had we rehearsed it either at home, the workplace or at school. Instead of disaster preparation, we believe in the response phase of emergency. And what was our response to the April 16 tremors felt across Pakistan? Panic, scream, freeze or run towards the nearest exit without any strategic plan in mind. Lucky we were, but it won't take long before Lady Luck disappoints us when we're most vulnerable. Take the example of the 2005 killer earthquake that struck the northern regions ...
Paul Keijzer
Celebrating 10 amazing years in Pakistan
It has been ten awesome years since I started working and living in Karachi, Pakistan. It's a strange realisation that I have never lived longer in any other place my whole life. I arrived in March of 2003. It was the start of the Iraq war and one can only imagine the concern my parents felt when I told them I was moving to Pakistan. Their apprehension has not faded (they get daily reminders of the horrors that Pakistan is exposed to) but they have now accepted that this is my home. Obviously I was also quite uneasy at first, and to make matters ...
Anum Fatima
Lessons from the Japanese tsunami
At exactly 2:46 pm on March 11, one year to the Japanese tsunami, sirens wailed through the skies to mark the first anniversary of the events of the horrible day. Trains stopped, work stopped briefly as mourners bowed their heads in prayer for the victims. Measuring 9.0 on the Richter scale, it was the strongest ever recorded earthquake in Japanese history, claiming approximately 19,000 lives, with thousands still missing. A year later, as reconstruction work continues and debris is removed from the cities — giving the Japanese landscape some semblance of normalcy — things are still not near or close to ...
Farooq Tirmizi
Japan: Where are our manners?
While Pakistan's business and political leaders have been lining up at the Japanese embassy in Islamabad to sign the condolence book in the wake of the massive earthquake and tsunami that has affected that country, nobody seems to be willing to back up their words with a cheque or two. This seems rather impolite, especially when one considers the fact that Japan is one of the largest donors to Pakistan. Direct financial assistance from Japan to Pakistan is relatively minimal, but considering how much Japan donates to Pakistan through multilateral agencies, total financial flows from Tokyo to Islamabad are estimated ...


The Jowra Farmhouse is a 3 bedroom property located next door to the Zina farmhouse in the village of Xaghra and is able to sleep six plus a baby. The farmhouse is on two levels with one bedroom on the ground floor and the other two on the first floor. There is a large internal feature staircase that leads to the first floor and the property does reflect the natural feel of a Gozitan farmhouse. The pool is generous in size and has sun bathing areas with BBQ and shaded picnic table. This property and The Zina Farmhouse which is next door are able to be adjoined to make a 6 bed property with two private pools ideal for two families.


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Q: Location.distanceTo not giving correct results in android I am trying to calculate the distance between two locations (Current location with the previous location).
So I tried the following:
Location previousLocation = new Location("");
previousLocation.setLatitude(sharedPreferences.getFloat("previousLatitude", 0f));
previousLocation.setLongitude(sharedPreferences.getFloat("previousLongitude", 0f));
float distance = location.distanceTo(previousLocation);
totalDistanceInMeters += distance;
editor.putFloat("totalDistanceInMeters", totalDistanceInMeters);
Log.e("Location Update","totalDistance"+totalDistanceInMeters);
if (totalDistanceInMeters > 1)
{
 Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Total UpdateLocation"+totalDistanceInMeters/1609, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
 Log.e("Alert","Update");
}

To test the above code. The first time result was perfect and when it triggered the second time. The phone was in the same location but I am getting distances like 141.0111 m. thrid time 304.0011 m. Am I doing something wrong here?
The results are not showing up correctly. According to doc online the results are in metres.
Is there an easy way to calculate the difference between the first location results with the second one and if it is more than 10m I would like to do some other calculation if not just keep quite.
Let me know.

A: why are you even using the following code
float distance = location.distanceTo(previousLocation);
totalDistanceInMeters += distance;

That adds up the previous distance to present distance and gives the added value everytime....
example
first time
distance between A and B is 100 m
second time
distance between A and B is 100 m+100 m=200 m

so try using distance directly in toast
float distance = location.distanceTo(previousLocation);
if (totalDistanceInMeters > 1)
{
 Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Total UpdateLocation"+distance/1609,Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
 Log.e("Alert","Update");
}

A: I think accuracy needs to be set in order to get the exact distance. Also try to get hold of the previous and current locations manually so as to calculate the distance and verify.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Front desk system - how to choose one?
Probably most of the accommodation providers can remember those times when people used to call when they needed to book a room. Sometimes they were sending e-mails and request forms. And then a big notebook was doing the best front desk system job ever… It might sound nostalgic, but it's time to let go of these times. Now people are packed with mobile devices, always on a go, so hoteliers also have to adjust to this change. Today people can visit your website and make a booking with direct payment right there online. Even Facebook can become a part of your direct sales campaign. Some people are booking their rooms from mobile phones while already riding in the taxi to the hotel. These changes in the market also pushed hoteliers to hide their notebooks and look for a solutions that would help them to deal with these everyday life situations (check our other blog post Why to use Property Management System).
Front desk application is usually the main component of the property management system. Most of the times, those two terms are being used as synonyms. Depending on your property size, you can find the system that will fit your work specifics and will fulfil your needs. But there are some points, that you should be aware of, when choosing your property management system/front desk system.
Innovation. Doesn't matter if you are using installed or cloud based software, continuous improvement is the key. Software providers should always update you with new features through the internet or update packs in the installed software.
How to choose the right PMS?
Are you using separate internet booking engine or channel manager? Do you want to integrate them with your new PMS?
Are you guests able to buy extra services and products from you? If yes, then you might need PMS which also have POS integrated, or at least handling extra services sales.
Do you want to collect and store data about your guests? If yes, you should look for a system that offers this option.
Are you looking for a solution which would help you to manage groups and events?
Do you want to pay for the software at once or you prefer to pay monthly subscription fees?
Can you afford IT specialists for the technical support of the system?
After you answer all those questions, you will be ready to start the research. Be prepared - there are a lot of options out there. Make sure to choose the one, which fulfils most (all) of the bullet points.


Images are provided on CD/DVD optimised and ready for use either online, in printed literature or to any specific requirements you may have.
We also look to engage with business partners in a professional way ensuring we understand the brief & objectives and work in partnership to achieve their goals. Many of our clients have become long term associates due to our professional approach, reliability and flexibility.


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17. Reading The Atlantic
Size 65.66 Kb.
Germany First Japan or Germany
Battle of Atlantic begins
Britain dominated above the waves
SONAR (SO und N
Animation Play this Animation to learn how to defeat the U-boats and guide your convoy to safety
Victory over the U-Boat The Allies started to win.
U-Boats were no longer a threat.
Overall U-Boat Losses Overall Merchant Ship Losses
17. Reading – The Atlantic
Mark Callagher
There were five principle theatres where World War II was to be fought
The Mediterranean and North Africa
The Pacific and Asia
Western Europe (from June 1944)
The Axis Powers had gained considerable successes right up to the middle of 1942.
It was in the critical 18 months from mid 1942 through to the end of 1943 that the tide was turned in the Allies favour.
In August 1941 Churchill arrived just off Newfoundland (near Canada) on board the battleship HMS "Prince of Wales". The occasion was to be his first meeting with President Roosevelt.
When Churchill boarded the USS Augusta and came face to face with the American President there was a moment of silence until Churchill said "At long last Mr President", to which Roosevelt replied "Glad to have you aboard Mr Churchill".
The meeting was to establish the Atlantic Charter, a vision for a post-World War II world, despite the fact that the United States had yet to enter the war. The participants hoped that the Soviet Union would adhere as well, after having been attacked by Nazi Germany two months earlier.
HMS "Prince of Wales" arrives for Atlantic Charter Conference
The Eight Points of the Atlantic Charter were that:
No territorial gains were to be sought by the United States or the United Kingdom.
Territorial adjustments must be in accord with wishes of the peoples concerned.
The peoples had a right to self-determination.
Trade barriers were to be lowered.
There was to be global economic cooperation and advancement of social welfare.
Freedom from want and fear was to be enforced.
There was to be freedom of the seas.
Disarmament of aggressor nations and post-war common disarmament was to be done.
Roosevelt and Churchill together
Germany First
Japan or Germany?
Before America entered the war Roosevelt had agreed that it was to be a priority to defeat Germany before Japan.
The treacherous Japanese surprise attack on Pearl Harbour both delighted and worried Churchill. He knew that the United States would now be fighting the Axis powers with Britain, but he was concerned that President Roosevelt would be unable to resist public pressure to exact vengeance for Pearl Harbour.
Churchill travelled to the USA two weeks after Pearl Harbour to convince Roosevelt to stick to a "Germany First" war strategy.
Appreciating that the American public and Congress would not tolerate a war strategy that allowed the Japanese to proceed on an unchecked rampage across the Pacific, President Roosevelt decided to keep secret his government's commitment to the "Germany First" war strategy.
The Battle of the Atlantic was the longest battle of the Second World War, beginning from the first day of hostilities and ending on the very last day of the war. It was also the most important battle during the entire Second World War because the success of every other campaign in every other theatre of war depended upon its success. Many experts agree that defeat of the German U-Boats and control of the shipping lanes linking the Allied nations of Great Britain, United States and Canada was a key factor if the Allied nations were to invade occupied Europe and the heartland of Germany itself.
Churchill said that:
"The Battle of the Atlantic was the key feature of the War. Never for one moment could we forget that everything happening elsewhere on land, sea or in the air depended on its outcome."
sonar ping2.wav
C:\Documents and Settings\Mark Callagher\My Documents\History\PPT Origins of World War II\
Sonar Ping
Link to player
Germany had almost won the First World War in 1916 and 1917 by cutting off Britain's supplies from the USA. The Germans tried to do the same thing in the Second World War.
German U-boats sank as much Allied shipping as possible. If the Germans sank more ships than the British could build, Britain would be cut off and lose the war.
Ship sinks in the Atlantic after a German U-Boat torpedo attack
At the start of the war the British & French Navy were far superior with 22 Battleships and 83 Cruisers to Germany's 3 small "pocket" Battleships and 8 Cruisers
The balance began to change in the summer of 1940 with the defeat of France when Hitler ordered an air and submarine assault on British shipping to cut off British imports and starve Britain into submission.
By 1941 Germany had also produced two superior new generation heavy battleships, the Bismarck and Tirpitz. However, after a huge naval battle, Britain managed to maintain its superiority above the oceans by sinking the Bismarck and forcing the Tirpitz to hide in the Norwegian Fjords.
German Battleship "Bismarck", sunk May 1941
16_inch_guns.wav
Battleship 16 inch guns
Merchant Navy Convoys
At the outbreak of war, the British Government took control of all British merchant ships. Their crews, the Merchant Navy, were civilians and not part of the Royal Navy.
All merchant ships had to sail in groups called convoys. Each convoy had an escort of naval ships, mostly destroyers. There were never enough escort ships to go round. Most convoys sailed between North America and Britain. Later, some convoys went to supply Russia.
An Atlantic Convoy
Wolf-Packs
The biggest threat to the Atlantic convoys was the German Wolf-packs. At the start of the war German U-boats (submarines) had hunted individually, but a new strategy proved to be more successful.
The U-boats spread themselves in a line across the Atlantic. When a convoy was spotted they came together as a pack. At night they surfaced and fired their torpedoes. Most Allied shipping was sunk by this Wolf-Pack method.
German U-Boat in the Atlantic
ASDIC
Asdic was a device for locating submerged submarines by using sound waves. It was named after the Anti-Submarine Detection Investigation Committee (ASDIC) and later renamed SONAR (SOund Navigation And Ranging).
It consisted of an electronic sound transmitter and receiver. This was housed in a metal dome beneath the ship's hull. High-frequency beams - audible 'pings' - were sent out and bounced back when they hit a submarine. The time that passed before an echo was received showed the range of the submarine. The pitch of the echo revealed if it was approaching or moving away.
asidic pings.mp3
Asdic Pings
Asdic (Sonar) in action
Initially Destroyers were the most commonly used anti-submarine weapon. They would travel with an Atlantic Convoy. If a U-boat was detected by Sonar then depth-charges would be dropped to disable or destroy it.
GenQtrs.wav
General Quarters Alert on a Destroyer
Destroyer depth-charging a U-boat with the convoy in the background
Play this Animation to learn how to defeat the U-boats and guide your convoy to safety:
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/interactive/games/battle_atlantic/index.shtml
Allied losses
By mid-1941 so many ships were being sunk that the British Government stopped publishing the figures. It was clear that the U-boats were winning.
1299 Allied ships were sunk. This was six times as many as could be replaced.
Only 87 U-boats were sunk. The Germans could easily replace these losses.
By July 1942
U-boats were being launched at a rate of 30 a month.
1700 Allied ships were lost.
Since December 1941 the USA had joined the war. US "liberty" ships were being launched faster than the U-boats could sink them.
The US Navy could now also help escort the convoys. The Royal Navy was at last getting new ships that had been ordered in 1940.
An American liberty ship being launched
American complacency
Initially the USA was complacent about the Atlantic Battle. Lights were left on all across the American East Coast. German U-boats took advantage of this opportunity.
The Battle Intensifies
Radar and convoy support groups were increasingly used from 1942. Hunter-killer groups of destroyers went with the convoys to seek and destroy U-boats even if it meant leaving the convoys.
Convoys were also getting more protection from aircraft. By mid 1942 U-boats could only operate effectively in the "Atlantic Gap" – an area out of range of land based aircraft.
Victory over the U-Boat
The Allies started to win.
In 1943, 237 U-boats were sunk, many by aircraft. The USA and Britain were coordinating their Naval and Air forces to win a decisive battle. The Allies built four times as many ships as were sunk.
In May 1943, Admiral Doenitz, the commander of the U-boat fleet recalled his boats from the Atlantic. He said:
"At the present time it is not a victory but the survival of boats and their crews that must come first"
The threat of blockade against Britain had ended. The build-up of forces for a land attack on Europe was made possible.
Overall U-Boat Losses
Overall Merchant Ship Losses
The removal of the U-Boat threat now made it possible for the Allies to prepare for an invasion of Fortress Europe from Britain.
Directory: history
history -> Developed for the Ontario Curriculum
history -> A chronology 1660-1832 The Restoration Settlement
history -> History and Social Science Standards of Learning Enhanced Scope and Sequence
history -> Evolution of the National Weather Service
history -> Chronological documentation for the period through 1842 Copyright Bruce Seymour blio, Cadet Papers of Patrick Craigie
history -> History of the 14
history -> History of the ports in Georgia
history -> That Broad and Beckoning Highway: The Santa Fe Trail and the Rush for Gold in California and Colorado
history -> Capitol Reef National Park List of Fruit and Nut Varieties, Including Heirlooms Prepared for the National Park Service through the Colorado Plateau Cooperative Ecosystems Studies Unit by Kanin Routson and Gary Paul Nabhan, Center for Sustainable
american public
biggest threat
atlantic charter
allied nations


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The Top 10 Underrated Game Boy Games
Home/Posts/Retro Consoles/The Top 10 Underrated Game Boy Games
One of the most popular systems ever released, handheld or otherwise, the original Game Boy from Gunpei Yokoi changed the way gamers viewed on-the-go gaming forever. In many ways you can see the impact the Game Boy had all around us from smartphone games to the latest Nintendo hybrid console that combines the best of both worlds.
A commercial success when it debuted in Japan in 1989, the Game Boy boasts one of the largest libraries in all of video gaming – and that can be both a blessing and a curse for gamers. After all, how do you decide what to play and what to leave well enough alone.
You might be familiar with a few of the classics on the system such as Tetris and the Mario Land series, but what about the more obscure titles that inhabit its catalogue? There are a lot of them – from educational titles to medical games as well.
Indeed, with one of the most varied libraries for any system, the Game Boy cannot help but have something for everyone. And with recent rumors that the console might be making some kind of comeback in the age of everything retro what better way to get acquainted with it than by learning about some of its obscure titles.
In this list we're going to separate the best from the rest when it comes to the 10 top underrated titles for the original pea-green screen Game Boy machine. If you've heard of some of these games you're in deep to the Game Boy ecosystem but we suspect most of you will have never seen these titles before today.
10. Castlevania Legends
The third Castlevania title to make its way to the Game Boy, Legends continues the stellar gameplay of the first two entries and offers a few unique twists on
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By Retro Refurbs|2018-10-10T07:15:48+01:00October 9th, 2018|Retro Consoles|Comments Off on The Top 10 Underrated Game Boy Games


Trees are often associated with nature; the woods, the forest, or perhaps a national park. But trees are also an important part of our urban landscape. Walk down any City street or enjoy some time in a park, and you'll recognize the numerous contributions of trees to a City's environment.
Perhaps most obviously, the shade that trees provide helps to develop a more enjoyable outdoor experience. They offer respite from the hot summer sun. In the winter, trees can help block cold arctic winds. This simple contribution of one of our more omnipresent resources is what helps to make a neighborhood, business district, or park usable and bearable.
Trees are well recognized to provide multiple community benefits. Recent research has suggested that trees may be a factor in reducing crime, increasing health and general feelings of well being, improving property value, and increasing enjoyment or use in business districts. In addition to these important contributions to a community's "sense of place" a tree also has significant infrastructural value. Tree lined streets tend to have calmer traffic, trees can help sequester carbon, and reduce air particulate matter and pollution. and produce oxygen.
It's fair to say that an "urban forest" is not so much trees in a City, but rather a forest with buildings in it. Regardless of the urbanization of a City, these trees continue to provide natural benefits and habitat. Perhaps of most recent importance is the contribution of trees to minimizing and managing the impact of stormwater.
This year Grand Rapids experienced a wet spring; very wet. So much so, in fact, that the Grand River exceeded it's previous high water level set in 1985. Torrential downpours and unfettered precipitation overwhelmed our drainage systems and flooded the Grand River.
While this year was exceptionally rainy, extreme rainfall events are not uncommon in the Midwest. Complicating matters, we have covered over many of our natural rainwater filters with pavement for businesses, houses, and parking lots. Therefore, our cities have developed a massive web of stormwater infrastructure buried beneath our streets that is designed to handle stormwater and reduce urban flooding.
Historically, these systems were built to handle both stormwater and sewage simultaneously. However, as Cities have developed increasing impervious surfaces, our treatment plants have been required to handle increasing volumes of water. During heavy or significant rain events, the system can exceed their capacity. Managers are left with a choice: let the wastewater back up the system and into homes and buildings, or discharge untreated or partially treated water directly into the river system? Understandably, the latter is the option most often chosen.
Since the 1990s, cities have been separating their stormwater and sewage systems to prevent this problem. For decades, the City of Grand Rapids has exposed the old system and added a network of infrastructure to handle either stormwater, or wastewater, not both. It's a huge project, both in terms in work and investment.
Currently, Grand Rapids has only a few CSOs remaining. Discharges of sewage into the Grand River are infrequent. But when the system is forced to handle a large amount of rain water, little can be done to prevent system backages except to discharge partially treated wastewater directly into our river system. This spring, the system handled so much water that as much as 300,000,000 gallons of partially treated sewage was expelled directly into the Grand River.
As we begin to look at our City as an urban environment in which we live, work, and play, traditional infrastructure development can be invasive, cumbersome, and expensive. Instead, Green Infrastructure (or the connected systems of plants or green-space within a City) is sometimes looked at as a more human-friendly approach to solving infrastructural issues.
From an engineer's standpoint, Trees and other greenery can help to capture storm-water. Tree leaves and branches intercept rain-water and help slow the interception rates into our storm systems. Moreover, trees and other plants use large amount of water to grow. Keeping these areas un-paved can also vastly improve the soil's ability to naturally intercept large amounts of rain and runoff.
A 2008 study (Annis Water Resources Institute at GVSU) which looked at the contribution of Grand Rapids' trees in terms of infrastructure value determined that Grand Rapids urban forest canopy can manage as much as 500,000,000 gallons of storm-water during a substantial rainfall event. The cost of increasing the City's storm-water system capacity by the same amount could be as much as $368,916,122!
Recognizing the value of trees, city officials adopted an urban tree canopy goal of 40% in 2011. Assuming that 34.6% urban tree canopy can intercept 500,000,000 gallons of stormwater, an increase in tree canopy of 11% (to 45.7%) may increase the interception capacity of the urban forest enough to intercept discharge volume of the 2013 event (300,000,000 gallons or a grand total of 800,000,000 gallons).
Unfortunately, many engineers generally prefer quick approaches and sure bets. Rather than attempting to harness the power of green infrastructure, we often find that archaic strategies lead to incredibly intrusive projects that tear up our green space in efforts to install large pipes or new roads. Not only do we lose the infrastructural value of the lost public space, but we're also forced to endure traffic shifts, loud noises, and destructive invasions of our natural environment.
Rather than losing trees to infrastructural "improvements", it is important that we recognize the value and protect the benefits of a rich, diverse urban tree canopy. As an asset, trees don't just benefit us in terms of reductions in infrastructure needs and costs, but also contribute directly to our sense of place, community pride, and neighborhood composition. As our city continues to grow, it's important that we consider the role trees may provide in developing a livable, economically sustainable, and environmentally conscience urban landscape.
I'm curious about the trees / lower crime mention. I notice in Alger Heights there are fewer trees on the north side of the neighborhood where the crime rates are a bit higher. I'd think it might be because there are more rental properties or people don't plan to stay in the neighborhood for the long haul, and therefore do not plant trees. Beyond the northernmost streets in AH, there are generally lots of trees, low crime, and a higher percentage of neighbors who care. Is there perhaps any research showing causation rather than correlation of trees / lower crime?


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Global IndianOpinionWhere Indian philanthropy has gone wrong: Rathish Balakrishnan
Where Indian philanthropy has gone wrong: Rathish Balakrishnan
(Rathish Balakrishnan is co-founder and managing partner at Sattva. This column first appeared in Times of India on July 24, 2021)
The cost-based funding approach of Indian philanthropists does more harm than good for nonprofits and for their impact. From startups to micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs), when one wants to foster scale and innovation, capital is often the first lever to consider—more credit, more investment, and flexible terms for accessing funding. In the post-pandemic world, nonprofits are going to be up against a wide range of problems, most of which cannot be solved by doing things as they were done before. More than ever, they will need innovation and scale to solve these different and new problems. Given this, we need to rethink the quantum and the nature of capital that nonprofits have access to. And, we need to consider whether it's possible to shift how nonprofits are funded in the first place, so that they can do what they do more effectively…
Also Read: Where are India's billionaires during the pandemic? – Vinati Sukhdev
Published on 27, Jul 2021


This ring is handmade from 14kt gold filled wire. The gemstone is a 2.5 carat Lone Star Cut Texas Topaz. It is a very pale blue like the Topaz Lone Star Cut in the Gemstones category . This ring is a perfect gift for anyone who loves Texas! It can also be made in Sterling Silver for the same price.
Ring Size * Must be between 1 and 5 characters.


Adrienne Warren and Tina Turner bow at the curtain call during the press night performance of "Tina: The Tina Turner Musical" at the Aldwych Theatre on April 17, 2018 in London.
TINA, a musical based on the life of Tina Turner, is coming to Broadway in fall 2019, per an Oct. 3 announcement.
TINA premiered in London this April, and has continued to play to sold-out houses. The musical follows Turner triumphing over adversity as she rises from humble beginnings to become one of the world's most successful singers.
The production is presented in association with Turner herself. "Bringing this musical to life on stage and working with this team has meant so much to me, I feel that it is in many ways a culmination of my career. London audiences have been and continue to be extraordinary. Now, the bright lights of Broadway are calling, and I'm very excited to share this beautiful show with New York audiences next year," she said in a statement.
Turner will also be releasing an autobiography, My Love Story: A Memoir, later this year. My Love Story will be the rock n' roll icon's second memoir, following-up to her 1986 book I, Tina.
Turner is currently played by Tony-nominated actress Adrienne Warren. Casting, performance dates, and the venue for the BroadwayTINA will be announced at a later date.


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How Green Is Your Wine?
6 Organic Wines to Try.
Once a funky duckling, "organic" is suddenly the prize golden goose of food and beverage marketing, so it comes as no surprise to find environment-conscious labels in every aisle of the supermarket. In the wine section, the new designations range from "sustainably farmed," "biodynamic" and "responsibly grown" to "environmentally friendly." What's a "green" enophile to do?
Certainly, some of these terms are bottle-dressing only, but it is clear that there is a groundswell of change in the world of winemaking, with what many feel are positive adjustments in viticulture practices.
The informed consumer should know, however, that there is only one term that guarantees that some sort of standards—federally mandated ones—have been applied: "Organic."
"Organic" means that a product has been certified by a licensed third-party organization and has been grown without synthetic pesticides or fertilizers, then harvested, processed and packaged according to rigorous standards. The other "green" labels, nice as they sound, are not regulated.
Organic viticulturists focus on improving the health of their soil so that the entire vineyard ecosystem benefits and vines are less likely to fall victim to diseases or pests. Farmers plant cover crops to fix nitrogen, increase beneficial bacteria and aerate the soil. "Good" bugs like ladybugs and spiders boom as soil health improves. Bird boxes placed around vineyards foster hawk and owl populations, which help keep gophers to a minimum. Compost, often made of grape skins, is added to increase nutrients.
Interestingly, some wineries that employ organic practices are opting to forgo organic labeling entirely. For example, all the vineyards of Rubicon Estate (formerly Niebaum-Coppola) are certified organic, but you won't find that anywhere on its bottles. Rubicon says the vineyard uses "organic" not as a marketing tool, but to promote "good stewardship" of the land. Fetzer, Frog's Leap, Kenwood and all the Foster Wine Estates, including the giant Beringer, are among the growing number of California wineries that have committed to sustainable farming techniques, but are not moving toward full "organic" certification.
To understand why, it helps to know that growing grapes organically is just one piece of the puzzle; wine also has to be produced and bottled to organic standards. This leads directly to the question of sulfites, the traditional preservatives used to prolong the life and taste of wines (and of many dried fruits).
Sulfites, in fact, occur naturally in wine (they are a by-product of fermentation). Conventional winemakers also add small amounts to prevent oxidation and thus preserve the wine. More specifically, sulfites bind natural chemical components that could otherwise produce unappealing aromas. By law, any wine sold as "certified organic" cannot contain added sulfites.
Many environmentally aware vintners still feel strongly that they need to add a controlled amount of sulfites to produce a consistent, shelf-stable product, so they are opting for this designation: "Made with organically grown grapes."
The Taste Test
The EatingWell wine panel waded into this fray with a tasting of wines labeled "organic" as well as "made with organically grown grapes." We were pleasantly surprised to find organic wines widely available, at big supermarket chains as well as local natural-foods stores. But we approached our task with some skepticism; not only is the category small, it has been plagued with a reputation for wines of questionable quality. Our skepticism was justified; there were fewer wines that wowed us than is usual at our tastings. As it turned out, all our picks were "made with organically grown grapes."
Our conclusion? This category may need a few more years to mature and consistently produce high-quality wines. For now, however, here are some ready for prime time, especially if you want to cast a pro-environment vote when you raise a glass of wine.
Susan's Picks ($8 & under)
WHITE: Vida Organica, Torrontes (Argentina) 2005 $8
Often compared to Muscat, Torrontés is a boldly aromatic grape, widely planted in Argentina. This wine exhibits peaches and sweet flowers—and a mouthful of fruit—balanced by crisp sharpness and a tight finish.
RED: Vinas de Alto Salvador, Sangiovese (Argentina) 2003 $8
Sangiovese is so Italian that it is surprising that anyone, in any other part of the world, would even attempt to produce it, much less do well with the grape. This is a rich version that looks and smells like jam, black cherries, soft woods and mellow herbs. A dry red, worthy of braised meats or hearty pasta.
Jessie's Picks ($12 & under)
WHITE: Cooper Mountain Vineyards, Estate Pinot Gris (Oregon) 2003 $11
This straightforward pale white is lively and crisp with hints of green apple, citrus and nutmeg. A refreshing accompaniment to simply prepared seafood or a pureed vegetable soup.
RED: Arcano Cecchi, Chianti Colli Sensi (Italy) 2003 $11
This tangy and dry deep red evokes black licorice with hints of pepper and violet. In classic Chianti style, it sports tons of tannins, making it a perfect counterpart to richer fare.
Lindsey's Picks ($15 & under)
WHITE: Sobon Estate, Viognier (California) 2004 $15
Lovely aromatics of honeysuckle, ripe peach and vanilla blossom are a fitting prelude to this full-bodied and flavorful alternative to Chardonnay. Just slightly sweet with a hint of oak, this Viognier pairs well with grilled seafood and roasted chicken.
RED: Luzon Verde, Monastrell, Jumilla (Spain) 2004 $13
The small, sweet fruits and rather thick skins of Spain's Monastrell grape (known as Mourvèdre elsewhere) are reflected in this wine's deep garnet hue. Aromatics of cedar, white pepper and clove complement lush fruit notes of black currant, cherry and warm spice flavors. The pronounced tannins of the 2004 should relax in a couple of years, so enjoy a bottle now with a hearty stew or juicy tenderloin, and set some aside to uncork later.
The Truth About Sulfites
Current research indicates that less than 1 percent of the population reacts poorly to sulfites, which are widely used as preservatives in wine.
According to Andrew L. Waterhouse, professor of enology (wine chemistry) at the University of California, Davis, three myths are circulating in wine-drinking circles.
Myth: Some wines are sulfite-free. "All wines contain sulfites," says Waterhouse. "Yeasts naturally produce sulfites during fermentation, so there is only a rare wine that contains none."
Myth: European wines are made without sulfites. "Nearly all winemakers in the world add sulfites. U.S. wines average 80 mg/liter of sulfites, or about 10 mg in a typical glass of wine," says Waterhouse. "Survey studies show that European wines also contain an average of 80 mg/L sulfites." Until recently, only the U.S. government required sulfite labels, but sulfite-using winemakers in Europe and Australia are now also being required to add "Contains Sulfites" to their labels.
Myth: Sulfites cause headaches. "Sulfites do not cause headaches!" says Waterhouse. "There is something in red wine that causes headaches for some people, but the cause has not been discovered. If you think sulfites are causing your headache, try eating some orange-colored dried apricots, and let me know if that induces a headache. To avoid headaches, try drinking less wine, and drink with food."
Organic winemaking: Organic Grapes into Wine Alliance, www.organicwine.com/standards.htm
Sulfites in wine: waterhouse.ucdavis.edu/winecomp/so2.htm
Jessie Price is EatingWell's food editor.
Susan Buchanan is a lawyer and cook.
Lindsey Bolger is director of coffee sourcing for Green Mountain Coffee Roasters.


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Galaxies - Farms
Planetary Pools - Stake Milky
Backend Subgraph
Pair Explorer
Star Lottery
Aggregator Integration
On/Off Ramp Integration
Multi-chain integration
🌠
One of the biggest motives and challenges is to turn MilkyWay into a DAO.
What are DAOs?
DAOs are an effective and safe way to work with like-minded folks around the globe.
Think of them like an internet-native business that's collectively owned and managed by its members. They have built-in treasuries that no one has the authority to access without the approval of the group. Decisions are governed by proposals and voting to ensure everyone in the organization has a voice.
There's no CEO who can authorize spending based on their own whims and no chance of manipulating the books. Everything is out in the open and the rules around spending are baked into the DAO via its code.
Why do we need DAOs?
Starting an organization with someone that involves funding and money requires a lot of trust in the people you're working with. But it's hard to trust someone you've only ever interacted with on the internet. With DAOs you don't need to trust anyone else in the group, just the DAO's code, which is 100% transparent and verifiable by anyone.
This opens up so many new opportunities for global collaboration and coordination.
How do DAOs work?
The backbone of a DAO is its smart contract. The contract defines the rules of the organization and holds the group's treasury. Once the contract is live on BNB Chain, no one can change the rules except by a vote. If anyone tries to do something that's not covered by the rules and logic in the code, it will fail. And because the treasury is defined by the smart contract too that means no one can spend the money without the group's approval either. This means that DAOs don't need a central authority. Instead, the group makes decisions collectively, and payments are automatically authorized when votes pass.


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Q: Passing large string content as argument to exe through Process.start I try to use command line arguments to pass a large amount of data, but am only getting a single line of data. I am not getting the remaining data.
Here is the code of the sending program:
zpl = Printer.GetZPLString(json, true, true);
const string path = @"E:\karthik related\EXEC PROGRAMS\PrintServerHost\PrintServerHost\bin\Debug\PrintServerHost.exe";
string Ip = PrintersList[0].IPAddress.ToString();
string port = PrintersList[0].PortNumber.ToString();
string zp = zpl;
Process.Start(path, Ip + " " + port + " " + zp);

This is the receiving program:
 private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {

        string[] args = Environment.GetCommandLineArgs();
        if (args.Length > 1)// && (args[1].StartsWith("/n")))
        {
            System.Net.Sockets.TcpClient client = new System.Net.Sockets.TcpClient();
            client.Connect(args[1], Convert.ToInt16(args[2]));
            System.IO.StreamWriter writer = new System.IO.StreamWriter(client.GetStream());
            writer.Write(args[3]);
            writer.Flush();
            writer.Close();
            client.Close();
        }
    }

Can any one suggest what the problem is.

A: Command line parameters are not a good way to pass data around for two reasons:

*

*For Process.Start, the maximum command line length is 2080 charachters. See here.

*If your string contains whitespace, quotes, backslashes or stuff like that, it will get corrupted. Those characters control how the command line is parsed. See here.
Since you say you are only getting "a single data", you're probably hitting problem #2. You could try escaping all problematic characters, but that won't help with the length limit. It's better to use a temporary file to pass your data.


Cape Town - South Africa's Kevin Anderson has paid tribute to Andy Murray after the British star's emotional press conference ahead of the Australian Open - which could be his final tournament.
Murray, a three-time Grand Slam winner, has been battling a nagging hip injury for the better part of the last 18 months.
Besides his Grand Slam success, Murray also has two Olympic gold medals and 45 ATP Tour titles to his name.
Murray broke down at a press conference in Melbourne on Friday as he said the pain had become almost unbearable.
Speaking through tears, Murray added that he'd like to bow out at his 'home' Grand Slam, Wimbledon, in July, but ruefully admitted he may not make it that far.
Taking to Twitter moments after the press conference, Anderson, the fifth seed at the year's opening Grand Slam, wrote: My thoughts are with @andy_murrayand I really hope we continue to see you fighting on court so you can retire on your own terms. Get well soon... Tennis is better with you.
Murray will be remembered as the first British man to win Wimbledon in 77 years (in 2013), ending the nation's obsession with finding a champion to follow in the footsteps of Fred Perry.
Murray is due to play 22nd-seeded Spaniard Roberto Bautista Agut in the first round at the Australian Open, while Anderson will open against France's Adrian Mannarino.


15 Days Ago Deep learning, one of the most effective approaches to artificial intelligence, continues to gain traction in the business world. And AI is booming: Salesforce's "2018 State of Sales" report found that sales leaders predict that the use of AI will grow 155 percent by 2020.
16 Days Ago Using AI, someone made a very haunted video of Jordan Peterson rapping "Lose Yourself."


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Tendo City › Tendo City: Metropolitan District › Tendo City
Nintendo blames... itsself???
http://cube.ign.com/articles/423/423939p1.html
Quote: June 13, 2003 - In a report by Yahoo Asia News, Nintendo admitted that software sales for its current-generation GameCube console have been sluggish.
"Our software has not been widely accepted by consumers," said Ken Toyoda, Nintendo of Japan's public relations head.
Toyoda also noted that it's difficult to develop software that can appeal to both beginner and expert players.
What, not going to say again that people are less interested in video games? :)
Dark Jaguar
I guess they finally figured out that video games are still at an all time high and their GBA shows it (around here, Wario Ware is VERY popular and has been selling out, for instance, though I managed to snag the last copy at a store a couple days ago).
Sure is hard to make a game that appeals to both expert and beginner players. The trick is to have the game be easy at the start and progress to super hard by the end, or difficulty levels. I prefer the former. I mean, they used to do this sort of thing all the time.
"On two occasions, I have been asked [by members of Parliament], 'Pray, Mr. Babbage, if you put into the machine wrong figures, will the right answers come out?' I am not able to rightly apprehend the kind of confusion of ideas that could provoke such a question." ~ Charles Babbage (1791-1871)
Darunia
The trick is to have the game be easy at the start and progress to super hard by the end, or difficulty levels
I hate that in games...I prefer something akin to Remake, where the difficulty is consistent, and rather than getting harder, you just need to have patience. Remake had a downright simple, quick ending; but I enjoyed it...made it more like a movie, a story, and less like a game.
H.R.M. DARVNIVS MAXIMVS EX TENEBRIS EXIT REX DEVSQVE GORONORVMQVE TENDORVM ROMANORVM ET GRÆCORVM OMNIS SEMPER EST
Its definitely better when it gets harder as you go along... more frusterating? Sure! But it makes you WORK for it! When the difficulty stays the same (unless its hard from the beginning...) it means that it won't be nearly as hard to get through -- it just takes patience, not determination...
It's confirmed you don't like challenge, so I'm not surprised you wouldn't want a game to get harder as it goes on. But, for those who DO love challenge, having difficulty climb as the game goes on (the sharper the rate, the better :D) is simply great! I mean, Tetris would certainly not have as much of a draw if the first difficulty level was the ONLY level, and it would be too hard to learn if the highest speed was the only level (midway? Same as one for me, leaving out the greater challenge, that's not right!), so the absolute best choice is for the game to get harder as you get better. The best curve in my opinion is for the game to get harder at just slightly above the learning curve, for the game to always be just a little harder than you are capable of.
Yeah... when the difficulty level is constant its just not as fun! You go through at the same pace, always being slightly challenged but never really finding any truly unexpected challenges or anything, and not really needing to improve at the game... that's not the way to have a fun challenge!
Well it is if you like games permanantly stuck on Easy, but not if you want to have more fun and challenge yourself... its just not as fun to win when the game is easy!
That's why some games have difficulty selection, for a set rate througout. Nice because I can still have an amazing challenge while at the same time I have a mode ot get used to it, but the more satysfying gameplay I think is, as I said, when the game gets harder and harder as it goes on, like Metroid Prime for instance. That game had perfect difficulty scale I'd say, with the first boss being almost boring, and the last boss being so utterly hard that even now I don't always win against it.
Yeah, difficulty levels are a very good thing. They just have to be balanced well -- Easy should be easy, but not TOO easy... and hte others should be not overly too big a step up...
Like Dungeon Siege. The game is very, very easy on Easy, but bump it to Normal and its suddenly quite challenging and you can die fairly often... not fun either way, really, IMO...
13th June 2003, 10:57 PM
Yeah Metroid Prime had a perfect difficulty level, methinks. WW, which you all know I love to death, would have been as good as Prime if it were as difficult as ALttP. OoT was already easy, so making it even easier than that was a bad idea.
Yeah, MP does a very good job with difficulty level. OoT had a good one, but it could have been harder... it wasn't as hard as the 2d games, really. Still not easy... but yeah, not as hard as the 2d ones.
But the diffrence between WW and OoT? Dramatic. Not anywhere near close. WW is much, much easier.
Yeah but both were very easy for me so it doesn't really matter.
Perhaps if the fairy had kept her opinion to herself OOT would have been far harder.
It's a bad trend that games are doing all these hinty things. Megaman X5 for instance introduced the most evil reploid ever, Alia! Thanks for freezing me mid-jump to tell me exactly how to find a capsule I wanted to find myself, then releasing me unexpectedly so I drop to my death! She's that annoying friend who talks, and talks...., and talks....
It's one thing to include a built-in training mode to learn how to do things in the game. A training level, where the Alia thing is ONLY done in that level, is a fine idea. I also think it's a great idea to have a small amount of text describing how to use an item. However, in the latter cases I hate it when they don't just describe how to use it, but unusual ways to use it that you should have been forced to figure out! Don't tell me that "the gun can also be used to activate switches" ever again! I want to figure that out myself!
Well I was challenged by OoT. As I've said, it took me a month and I died a lot and got stuck plenty of times. In WW, while I have gotten stuck sometimes in puzzles, I haven't died and have found combat pathetically easy... there's just one time that I had any chance of dying in a battle and that's because I didn't know how to hurt the enemies. But I had two health potions in thatt battle, so no problem... :(
And OoT only tells you where to go next in the most general terms, which means that you spend a lot of time exploring and looking around for what to do next... unlike WW where it makes it abundantly clear exactly where to go and what to do. That's annoying, and not really welcome.
I get the picture -- you found it a lot easier then I did. Okay. But it is true that OoT has far, far fewer hints than WW and many of those hints are entirely optional -- QUITE unlike WW's hints! And that's really annoying! Not as bad as the pathetic difficulty of the combat, but quite annoying...
I know you disagree, but I'd rather see a enemy mix closer to OoT or MM's percentages then WW, no question. Lots of swordfights? I just don't see why you find that so great...
As for X5 its really not that bad. Alia doesn't talk that much... you make it sound like she's constantly talking! She's not... its infrequent outside of the training level and its not like it gives away secrets of how to find the truly hidden items or anything...
I think most of that is aimed at OB1 more than me. I was only giving my opinion on it, not "correcting" you.
As far as Alia, yeah, she does talk all the time. She usually has something to say at least 3 times during a level, which is too much if you ask me, though I suppose it's not constantly. Plus, she went out and told me how to blow up a door and my character did it automatically at a certain point. Oh well...
In any case, regarding OOT, if you mean the fairy, I wouldn't call them optional because the hints kept flashing and making a sound, which is just too annoying to be expected to ignore. I do agree that OOT is harder than WW mind you, I'm just saying that the fairy was, though technically optional, wasn't really optional in practice due to the annoyance factor of wanting to shut it up.
14th June 2003, 8:50 AM
After playing all of the previous Zelda games, OoT was pretty easy to beat. And Navi with her stupid hints only made things easier. Sequels should be tougher, I believe. That's why I enjoyed Mario Sunshine and Metroid Prime so damn much. I mean others will complain until the end of time about how they hated Mario Sunshine because of the lack of variety between levels, but I don't care since the great challenge was just so refreshing.
DJ, only the last paragraph of that post was responding to your post. :) And she talks some, but its not really bothersome... and anyway this is Mega Man -- its not the most complex series, and they don't give away the hard part (finding the hidden armor parts).
As for optional, yeah, it would be hard to ignore her... but its physically possible. And there are other ones that you don't have to do... like asking people for hints or something. Or like in Link's Awakening with the phones. As opposed to WW, where you CANNOT avoid the hints -- they pop up on the screen. How helpful! I really wanted to know how to completely spoil the fun of that puzzle/boss!
Navi... not awful, but she did get a bit annoying. I did like being able to target and get info about things, but sometimes she was annoying... but I don't remember her hints being as frequent or as obvious as the ones in WW! And she didn't tell you exactly where to go next, either...
Oh, and Mario Sunshine was great, but no way is it better than Mario 64. More innovation and more variety means 64 is better.
So by that logic I take it that you like Mario 1 more than Mario World, right? Mario 1 is more innovative and there is more variety in the levels so it has to be better, right?
Erm... SMW has less variety of levels than SMB? Since when?
And the features difference between SMB and SMW is much more dramatic than it is between SM64 and SMS.
Well Mario World only had a few basic themes (that weren't really that different from each other), unlike most Mario games where there would be lava worlds, snow worlds, etc. And yes the difference between Mario 64 and Sunshine is closer to Mario 3 and Mario World, but the difference there is that Sunshine is the one that's challenging (like Mario 3), not Mario 64.
Well SMB1 had just four kinds of levels (not counting the different background colors, which really don't change much...). SMW has far, far more variety than that. :)
No it didn't. In Mario World there were two basic areas: outside and underground. All they did was add a few things to each level such as water, trees, etc. The themes were basically identical.
But perhaps Mario 2 would be better for this comparison.
Quote: Originally posted by OB1
Mario Sunshine is challenging? If you had no thumbs, perhaps. I beat SMS in under a week, M64 took me over a month.
YOU CANNOT HIDE FOREVER
WE STAND AT THE DOOR
Wha? Well then you must have been blindfolded while playing Mario 64 since I beat that in just a week, and that was the first 3D platformer I ever played.
Hmm... who else here found Mario 64 to be more challenging? That's very odd.
How difficult was Metroid Prime for you? I had a tougher time with Sunshine.
SMS was too damn easy because of the water pack. All those perfect jumps you had to make in M64 you could now screw up with a margin of error because of the hoverpack.
The ONLY challenging parts of SMS where the special stages, when you didn't have the pack.
And of course the challenge aside, SMS just wasn't nearly as fun as M64 either.
Metroid though? I'm about halfway through it right now, and I really don't find it to be much of a challenge yet, except for these Space Pirate gauntlets, those are bitches.
Hmm... Just adding up level types myself, don't mind me, not taking sides...
SMB1 had...
Standard overworld
tree tops
That's 6 basic types
SMW had...
castle/fortress
switch palace
funky special courses
tricky platform based ones
that's 11 basic types, plus most of them had autoscroll versions in the game
Just for fun now...
flying ship
darkness (specifically the ones where you have limited vision and the level is designed with that in mind)
that's 12 this one has
Of course, this is all subject to one's opinions of what qualifies as a set "theme" for a level. One may not consider sky levels to be all that much different than the ones where one jumps from weird platform types through the whole thing. One also may consider that the "ice", "chocolate", and "night time" levels in SMB1, and the "chocolate" levels in SMW, qualify as their own types. I didn't think they qualified because they only affected look.
Halfway eh? You sure about that?
And yes, the space pirate gauntlets with no save points for like 3 miles are rather tough. Wait until the first truly hard boss :D. Also, a lot of the challenge also comes from finding all those well hidden items.
Well the thing with Mario World is that almost most of those types of levels you mentioned were almost identical to each other, minus a few little differenced like trees and such.
Yeah, in both themes and level design SMW has far, far much more variety than SMB. I don't see how you could argue it any other way, really...
I haven't beaten SMS or MP yet. Or Wind Waker. I'm working on Wind Waker, and occasionally Prime, but haven't played much Mario in a while... compared to Metroid and Zelda its just not as good.
Of course I felt exactly the same about Mario 64... which is why it took me the same number of days to beat SM64 and OoT when I played OoT a LOT more during that timeframe -- SM64 was great, but when compared to OoT it just paled...
Mmm....OoT did make everything else pale. Fortunately, I'd already beatn SM64 by then; even though SM64 is almost on par with OoT in terms of fun. Metroid and SMS...well...neither can compare to either OoT or SM64...or WW for that matter.
Mario 64 does not pale in comparison to OoT. It's almost as good as that game.
And have you played through all of Mario World, ABF? The variety of levels in the game equals that of Sunshine's. Adding a couple of trees and some water to a level doesn't make it a completely different theme.
Quote: SMS was too damn easy because of the water pack. All those perfect jumps you had to make in M64 you could now screw up with a margin of error because of the hoverpack.
That's precisely why they made those mini-levels, Weltall. And they made the challenges with the water pack in mind, so it wasn't like they just made the game without considering and then added it in later.
Quote: And of course the challenge aside, SMS just wasn't nearly as fun as M64 either.
Well you're entitled to your own opinion, but the far superior controls, camera (it was only bad if the person controlling it was bad), and challenge place it far above Mario 64 for me. I can go back to Mario 64 and beat it with losing maybe one life, but whenever I play through Sunshine I die at least a couple dozen times.
Oh, SM64 was a great game. I had a lot of fun playing it. I played that one first... but when I then played OoT? Wow. Sure, I'd played it a little bit once in a store demo (as opposed to SM64, which I'd played in demo form several times as far back as summer 1996 and had played at a friends' house as well), and was expecting it to be great... but it was even better. The whole graphical style... stunning. That game blew away SM64 in sheer quality and fun... SM64 was a fun adventure, but Zelda was so much more...
And I did beat Mario World. Its got some variation... more than is in SMS for sure!
Oh, and SMS is a hard game. Probably harder than SM64... and sure, the jetpack is the only addition, really. But its a great addition and works very well in the game...
In Mario Sunshine there was the whole tropical theme and most of the levels looked pretty different from each other, but in Mario World (which I love) the levels looked basically the same. And at least Mario Sunshine did something different with the whole tropical island thing. I thought it was great.
It is great... we're just quantifying the relative greatness of these games. And IMO SMS doesn't quite match up to SM64...
After I give my humble opinion on SM64 paling next to OoT, OB1 says:
on the other hand, OB1 says in respect to Weltall...:
Well you're entitled to your own opinion.
Apparently, only Weltall is entitled to his opinion...or at least his is the only one that OB1 respects. Mine is just plain dumb. Oh well...but can we say hypocrite?
But everyone knows that Weltall is just inherently smarter than you and thus is much more deserving of respect, right?
Actually I was responding to ABF's comment, Darunia.
Nintendarse
Who am I to argue with an artist that a tree is not the most beautiful thing on this earth?...
With that in mind, I have to say that SM64 and OoT are both amazing games. If Ihad to choose, I'd say OoT is the better game, but both were magnificent experiences.
I bought SM64 at launch and there is no other way to describe it than shock and awe. After living my entire life with 2D games, it was an exhilerating, intuitive, pee my pants, laugh like a school girl moment when I took my first steps in SM64. I played that entire game on a perpetual high.
But OoT slightly edges out Mario 64. From the first words of the Deku Tree to the frozen moment of Link meeting Zelda, the quest always seemed important, real. It was the perfect game to take the 3D genre and mold into an adventure game. It challenged my mind, spirit, and determination like no other quest.
Chalk it up to age, skepticism, or otherwise, but SMS and WW don't add the same amount of WOW as SM64 and Oot. They are good sequels. Judged without reference to time, they are better games than their predecessors. But they fall short of the improvement curve of the rest of the industry. They fail to introduce ideas in gaming that touch people.
I believe that WW an artistic masterpiece at moments. There are flashes of inspiration in WW: the swirling dust on Dragon Roost Island, the vibrant characters on Windfall Island, the endearing Koroks and Deku Tree, the kick-ass boomerang, the humanization of Ganondorf, the heart-wrenching sacrifice of the Hyrulian King, and the final battle. But if one view of the ocean is a striking vista, we are treated to 60 beautiful vistas a second. In Wind Waker, you will spend at least three hours simply crossing the ocean, which is 648,000 beautiful vistas throughout the game. But there is a diminishing return factor. After you've seen 100,000 beautiful vistas, it's hard to appreciate the other 548,000. The Dungeons, while beautiful and artfully created, are strikingly linear. The idea of character switching is used wonderfully, but it's not a completely new idea (ICO). If OoT was inventing the boomerang, WW was making the boomerang kickass.
I'm slightly more disappointed with SMS. The team must be commended for the freedom of movement in SMS. It's fun to just jump around the Lobby, kicking durians, sliding on the beach, rocketing across the water, and shooting up to rooftops. But as much as OB1 might contest, I FELT much less variety in the worlds of SMS than any predecessor. FLUDD is pretty neat, but it's not mind-blowing. I must admit that the water is beautiful, but if it wasn't, you'd be looking at something fugly for 99% of the game. The sub-levels were great, but they were essentially 2D platforming levels with a rarely-optimal camera. I feel SMS is a testament to the flaws of 3D platformers. Platforming is essentially a 2D action. You can curl it around a cyllinder, make it verticle, diagonal, whatever, but 3D platforming has always been 2D platforming where the camera is not always in the right place. Exploration is a naturally 3D action. Sadly, the 3D platformers of the recent past are all too materialistic. Shines, Stars, Jiggies, etc. are all an easy, but limited, way of tracking progress. I am frustrated with the Blue Coins in SMS, especially because they make up practically 20% of the shines in the game. For me, SMS is a fun and colorful diversion.
Well of course they're not nearly as revolutionary as their predecessors, but saying that they "fall short of the improvement curve of the rest of the industry" is ridiculous. The videogame industry is filled with crummy sequels and copy-cats, and even though the last two Mario and Zelda games weren't as innovative as their older siblings (which would pretty much be impossible since you can only go from 2D to 3D once), they still stood out above every other game that was out at the time.
But considering that Mario Sunshine came out a whopping seven years after Mario 64, it definitely should have been more innovative than it was. Nintendo had a long time to do something new and original with it, but instead they simply improved upon the last game. However, if the rumor that Sunshine was made in a relatively short amount of time and that the "true" sequel to Mario 64 has been in development for a while now (Mario 128), I'll forgive Nintendo.
Or whatever, as long as we get to see some real innovation net time. Miyamoto said that the next Mario and Zelda games would take the series in a whole new direction, so hopefully that will happen. I'm not complaining about WW though since we've gotten plenty of new, great Zelda games since OoT came out and it was made in just two years, but seeing a new kind of Zelda next time would be great.
Quote: Well of course they're not nearly as revolutionary as their predecessors, but saying that they "fall short of the improvement curve of the rest of the industry" is ridiculous.
That comment well might be true for Mario Sunshine, but not for Wind Waker. Mario Sunshine is a fun game, but I agree with Nintendarse -- its just so similar to Mario 64, with less variety! Sequels which are nearly identical to their predecessors often dissapoint me... not because they are bad games (for the games we're thinking of, they aren't), but because I want MORE.
Take Age of Empires 2. Its a quality sequel to the very good RTS Age of Empires. It puts it in a newer setting (medieval, not ancient), improves the graphics, adds some features, makes the campaigns more fun... but I was dissapointed by it and honestly probably should have spent my money elsewhere. Or SimCity 3000. Good game... but quite dissapointing considering what I was expecting it to be.
True, most sequels fall into that category... and in many other cases I actually don't want lots of change. It really depends on the game... but when the game could improve more, and should improve more, and the company has the time to improve it more, and it doesn't get improved more, its dissapointing.
So they are still great games... but they just don't match up to the originals.
Sure, it is true that you risk going too far and losing what the game or series its a sequel to is about, but if the alternative is a good but unimaginative sequel in most cases its best to take the risk.
And when we're talking about sequels to Mario 64, or OoT, or SimCity 2000... 'slightly improved with minor new features' just doesn't cut it. Not after so many years.
Wind Waker, I would say, did a much better job of innovating... the basic game is the same but it adds major new features to the game, unlike SMS. So that was better done. But SMS? Good game. Fun to play. Makes me remember Mario 64...
But it feels like PLAYING Mario 64, with a jetpack. And the graphics haven't improved nearly as much as they should either... and those aren't good things. So its nowhere near SM64. Just like SimCity 3000 isn't nearly as good as SC2k even though it adds a bunch of features and (when you have the expansion pack too) doesn't remove all that many.
The graphics haven't improved much?? You've got to be kidding me. Come on, ABF. Don't tell me your eyesite is that bad. The game doesn't look too good for a first-party Gamecube game (although neither did Luigi's Mansion), but all of the effects (particle effects, water, morphing, etc.) looked great and were difficult to pull off.
Mario Sunshine should have been more innovative since it was the first real Mario game in seven years, but perhaps that honor will be saved for Mario 128. As it is though, Mario Sunshine is Mario 64 with a waterpak, better graphics, better control, better camera, more moves, and a completely new set of enemies and locations. I would have loved to have seen more variety in the game, but I thought that the new enemies and locations (Mario games usually just have the same generic fire, ice, and sand levels) were a great change of pace for the series. But yes, there should have been more variety. I just care about gameplay more, and Sunshine definitely has Mario 64 beat in that category.
To each his own, I guess.
Well, if I could look at it objectively SMS would almost certainly win -- the better graphics and more features would ensure that. But nostalgia and remembering of how it was when you played it first is huge... and SM64 had a level of that that very few games have matched. SM64 redefined the genre, so hoping for the sequel to do it again is far too much. But its not unreasonable to ask for some significant improvements to the now somewhat stagnant 3d platformer genre... what do we do now that most everyone's tired of scavenger hunts?
And SM64 does have more environments to go to... 15 levels, every one very different. SMS has a nice theme, which I like, but its just not the same...
I disagree. For one, when you consider that some of Mario 64's moves were removed and replaced as opposed to being retained and added to, there really weren't that many new moves.
Secondly, I found the control to be exactly the same. No better, no worse.
Third, I can save a lot of time here if you read my review, and you'll know exactly what I thought about Mario Sunshine.
http://tcforums.com/forums/showthread.ph...readid=564
Wouldn't kill you guys to write one every now and then :cry:
But that'd take precious time that I ....
er, I'm lazy!
Control... a bit better, because it was analog as opposed to digital.
And it is true that moves were removed from SMS. But if you count the pack-assisted moves added in SMS, it still has more moves than SM64 did.
Ah, I see how EdenMaster does all those reviews... he just makes them short! :S
Well, you inspired me, and I wrote a Baldur's Gate Dark Alliance review between my last post and this one. I think its decent, at least, for something that I spent under an hour on and a game I've barely played since early May... :)
I too wrote a review, for the Virtual Boy section I added. However, I'm not sure what formatting you used, so the VB section acts just like a normal forum. Rather than fix it yourself, maybe you could tell me how you did it so I could learn and eat fish for a lifetime, or something. I will say this though. The idea of allowing others to respond to a review might just be a good one.
By the way, whatever happened to all the reviews we had back in tendocity.net? I'm too lazy and/or frustrated about the loss to write up my Secret of Mana review again, so I'd like to know if I could copy and paste the text from any backup you may have made of it.
Quote: And SM64 does have more environments to go to... 15 levels, every one very different.
That's not true and you know it. There were around eight themes in Mario 64. The outside generic areas, the water areas, the haunted mansion areas, the lava areas, the underground areas, the snow areas, the sky areas, and the sand area. Am I forgetting something?
Quote: I disagree. For one, when you consider that some of Mario 64's moves were removed and replaced as opposed to being retained and added to, there really weren't that many new moves.
There were around two moves removed, and many more added. And the ones they removed weren't really needed because of the waterpack.
Quote: Secondly, I found the control to be exactly the same. No better, no worse.
The controls are definitely better than Mario 64's. That is something I am very sensitive to. They're very tight in Sunshine, moreso than in Mario 64. There's no question about that.
Quote: Control... a bit better, because it was analog as opposed to digital.
Wha? Both games used analogue controls...
Quote: Wha? Both games used analogue controls...
I was replying to Weltall. He was talking about the CAMERA controls... I thought it was pretty obvious...
Quote: That's not true and you know it. There were around eight themes in Mario 64. The outside generic areas, the water areas, the haunted mansion areas, the lava areas, the underground areas, the snow areas, the sky areas, and the sand area. Am I forgetting something?
That "outside generic" is about 5 different types? Same with "water". And "sky". Tall Tall Mountain, Bob-Omb Battlefield, and Whomp's Fortress are very different styles... not "outdoors generic". :)
Same with the Jolly Roger Bay and that other one with the water level you can change (and the third water one? Not sure if there was one...). And how about Tick Tock Clock? That's unique. As for Sky, does that mean the Rainbow Road? Because there was a bonus level (switch room for the hat) that was quite different set in the sky too. :)
No, every level is very unique in theme and setting in SM64. Sure, some have similarities, but each has major unique themes too...
As opposed to SMS where over half the levels have the same exact theme and the other half have variations on it. Quite a big difference there. Sure, each has unique things of course, but they aren't about setting or theme in most cases. Just some of the stuff in the level, and that's a different category.
Quote: Originally posted by Dark Jaguar
To format it to fit the others, when you go to the Modify Forums section in the control panel, change the Style Set to "Website" and check the "Override User StyleSet".
Secondly, on the topic of old reviews, I still have all of them saved, the reason I did not re-post them myself is that, since the reviews section is a part of the forum's database now, the original writer has to re-post them, otherwise they'd show up under my name.
Your SOM review is here: http://tcforums.com/reviews/snes/som.shtml
I'll go around later, and find the rest of the stranded reviews, and let the writers know to re-post them. It's something I had meant to do when I first started the reviews section and forgot completely about :S
If you want to browse the old reviews at all, go to:
http://tcforums.com/reviews/ , hover your mouse over the links (as they're all dead) and replace tendocity.net with tcforums.com.
[B]That's not true and you know it. There were around eight themes in Mario 64. The outside generic areas, the water areas, the haunted mansion areas, the lava areas, the underground areas, the snow areas, the sky areas, and the sand area. Am I forgetting something?
The only themes that really repeated were water and snow.
Quote: There were around two moves removed, and many more added. And the ones they removed weren't really needed because of the waterpack.
You lost the punch, the crouch-jump and the dash-jump, you gained the Hover, the Dash, and the Turbo.
Quote: The controls are definitely better than Mario 64's. That is something I am very sensitive to. They're very tight in Sunshine, moreso than in Mario 64. There's no question about that.
I dunno, I'm usually very sensitive to control too, but there wasn't a notable difference in my opinion.
Quote: I was replying to Weltall. He was talking about the CAMERA controls... I thought it was pretty obvious...
Oh right, yeah.
Quote: That "outside generic" is about 5 different types? Same with "water". And "sky". Tall Tall Mountain, Bob-Omb Battlefield, and Whomp's Fortress are very different styles... not "outdoors generic".
Same with the Jolly Roger Bay and that other one with the water level you can change (and the third water one? Not sure if there was one...). And how about Tick Tock Clock? That's unique. As for Sky, does that mean the Rainbow Road? Because there was a bonus level (switch room for the hat) that was quite different set in the sky too.
Quote: The only themes that really repeated were water and snow.
Oh that is such bullshit. If you're going to count each and every one of those outdoor areas as completely unique then you have to do the exact same with Mario Sunshine's levels. The themes that get repeated are the generic outdoor areas, the snow areas, the water areas, and uh... I think there's one more. The first two levels are identical in theme, and there are a few more that belong to that generic outdoor area theme as well. I'll get screenshots when I have time.
Quote: You lost the punch, the crouch-jump and the dash-jump, you gained the Hover, the Dash, and the Turbo.
Wow what a precise, error-free list. I certainly hope you don't use "facts" like these in your other arguments. Here's a full (I think) list of all the new moves you get in Mario Sunshine:
-Spinning jump
-Tightrope/Springboard jump
-Rocket jump
-Hover jump
-Speed jump
-Wall Ride
-Spray
-Spin Spray
-Wet Slide
And then of course the Yoshi stuff.
Quote: I dunno, I'm usually very sensitive to control too, but there wasn't a notable difference in my opinion.
Well you're definitely not as sensitive to control as I am if you can't tell the difference.


Board Member, Humane Society of the United States; Owner, The Houston Rockets NBA franchise; President, the Alexander FoundationLeslie Alexander is a former stock trader who owns the Houston Rockets NBA team. He's also a vegetarian and an ardent animal-rights advocate. The Associated Press has reported that he has found ways to "promote animal rights through the Rockets. Complimentary media meals usually are vegetarian, the team's dance squad sometimes wears 'Animals Have Rights' shirts and he outlawed using creature-shaped piñatas during game promotions." Alexander also places ads for People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) in Rockets programs.
In 1998 PETA publicly recognized Alexander and his (now ex-) wife Nanci as its largest individual donors. Nanci co-founded and runs the Animal Rights Foundation of Florida, and was instrumental in mobilizing support for the 2002 ballot measure that gave constitutional protection to pregnant pigs in Florida.
Publicly available IRS records show that the Alexander Foundation (a family philanthropy funded and operated by Lesile and Nanci) has directly funded a violent animal-rights group described by the U.S. Department of Justice as a "domestic terrorist threat." The Foundation has donated $200,000 to People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals and $211,500 to the PETA-affiliated Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine. But in 2001 and 2002 it also made two donations totaling $3,500 to SHAC ("Stop Huntingdon Animal Cruelty"), an organization whose tactics have included death threats, car bombings, and physical assaults. In 2005, six of SHAC's U.S. leaders faced federal terrorism charges in New Jersey.