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Posted on July 9, 2020 August 13, 2020 by John P. Deever Academics & Research, News
CSU May Require Ethnic Studies Course to Graduate
The César E. Chávez Monument: Arch of Dignity, Equality and Justice, designed by Judith F. Baca.
A bill that moved forward in the California legislature on June 18 would require all CSU students in the class of 2025 and those beyond to complete a three-unit course in ethnic studies. If signed into law, the graduation requirement would begin in fall 2021.
College of Social Sciences Dean Walt Jacobs said that SJSU's readiness to respond to an incoming mandate along these lines stems from the years of preparation. Several steps have already been taken to strengthen ethnic studies. One is the College of Social Sciences' Ethnic Studies Collaborative, established in 2018.
"A collaborative is a more informal way of getting people together," Jacobs said.
Yvonne Kwan, an assistant professor of Asian American studies, who joined the program in 2017, is director of the collaborative.
"The collaborative was a way for us to bring together the various ethnic studies programs and departments that we already have," Kwan said. Chicana and Chicano studies and African American studies are departments, whereas Asian American studies and Native American studies programs are smaller. One thing the collaborative helps do, Kwan said, is to make them more equal and balanced. "The collaborative is a way in which we can come together to have these difficult conversations."
Kwan said that an ethnic studies graduation requirement would help students understand what is going on in our world. "It's important to know because K-12 education tends to have a very Eurocentric basis." She distinguished her field from the fields of history and purely studying a culture. "It's about a critical interdisciplinary way we understand racial and ethnic relations and how it shapes power dynamics in the United States."
New Faculty Hires and a New Minor
Another weighty step taken, Jacobs said, is new hiring in all four of these fields.
"Three new faculty members in African American studies are starting this year, including a new department chair," Jacobs said. "We've also had two recent hires in Chicana and Chicano studies, and a new faculty member in sociology who also does Native American studies is coming in this year. We also have two recent hires in Asian American studies, including Yvonne Kwan, who is doing a fabulous job leading the Ethnic Studies Collaborative. She followed inaugural director Magdalena Barrera, who will soon step down as chair of Chicana and Chicano studies to become SJSU's vice provost for faculty success."
In the fall, SJSU will offer a minor in comparative U.S. race and ethnic relations for undergraduates who want to pursue this topic alongside another course of study.
Kwan explained that some students already enroll in ethnic studies classes to fulfill a general education requirement. Two of her Asian American studies classes, for example, are heavily populated by students not focused intensively on ethnic studies.
Concerns that adding a three-unit ethnic studies graduation requirement might slow progress to graduation were unfounded, Kwan said. "We're often worried about how AB 1460 could delay students' time to graduation. But if students take an ethnic studies class, it's not going to, because many of our existing courses already fulfill several GE requirements."
She said students complete her classes with new skills and tools for looking at history, culture, comparative thinking and especially how power structures work.
She described one student who, at the beginning of the semester, told her that ethnic studies fosters divisive thinking. "But by the end of the semester—and especially with COVID and the proliferation of anti-Asian racism," she said, the student's understanding and analysis changed. The student said, "Many minority communities still do not have full human rights. People fought for ethnic studies courses because ethnic minorities have been politically oppressed for a really long time, and no one wanted to talk about it."
Kwan added that sometimes ethnic studies classes serve other purposes—like engaging students and building skills that help them in whatever other course of study they are pursuing. "The research shows that it doesn't matter what race you are. It benefits students academically and socially," she said. "Also for students of color in particular, ethnic studies increases retention and graduation rates."
About AB 1460
According to the language of the bill, AB 1460, "It is the intent of the Legislature that students of the California State University acquire the knowledge and skills that will help them comprehend the diversity and social justice history of the United States and of the society in which they live to enable them to contribute to that society as responsible and constructive citizens."
Kwan described how the bill had moved forward in 2020. "As a collaborative, we'd been having this conversation [about the issues in the bill] for a very long time. The recent reinvigoration of the Black Lives Matter movement, spurred on by continued proliferation of police brutality and the murder of Breonna Taylor, George Floyd, Ahmaud Arbery, Tony McDade, Dion Johnson—and the list goes on—made it ever so clear that this is what we need at this moment. Because AB 1460 passed with a great majority, 30 to 5, it's clear that ethnic studies is important."
Although no ethnic studies graduation requirement is in place yet, if a CSU-wide ethnic studies requirement is coming, Jacobs said, "We're ready to go."
Academic Affairs College of Social Sciences ethnic studies social sciences
Posted on March 19, 2020 March 19, 2020 by Robin McElhatton Achievements
History Professor Ruma Chopra Named 2020-21 ACE Fellow
The American Council on Education (ACE) has named San Jose State History Professor Ruma Chopra an ACE Fellow for the 2020-21 academic year. She is one of 38 fellows selected for this prestigious program, which prepares faculty, staff, and administrators for senior positions in college and university leadership.
Ruma Chopra has been named an 2020-2021 ACE Fellow. Photo: Josie Lepe.
"It's a tremendous honor," said Ruma Chopra. "I am excited to work with and learn from innovative leaders in higher education."
Chopra joined San Jose State in 2008. She teaches undergraduate and graduate courses related to immigration, urbanization, racialization, poverty, and violence. She has published three books related to colonialism and slavery; her fourth book project examines the global consequences of pre-Darwinian climatic theories.
Her research has taken her to archives in the United States as well as in Sierra Leone, Guyana, Jamaica, Trinidad, and Britain. Last year, she received fellowships from the Rachel Carson Center (Munich), the Folger Shakespeare Library (Washington DC) and the John Carter Brown Library (Providence).
"As a scholar, Professor Chopra continues to have a passion for learning, as she thinks of multiple ways to contribute to the mission of our institution," said SJSU Provost and Senior Vice President of Academic Affairs Vincent Del Casino, Jr. "The ACE Fellowship provides her with a unique learning space to think about how to extend her intellect to higher education administration. I am excited to see what she brings back to SJSU."
Chopra holds a doctoral degree from the University of California, Davis, and a master's degree and bachelor's degree from Carnegie Mellon University.
The ACE Fellows program combines retreats, interactive learning opportunities, visits to campuses and other higher education-related organizations, and placement at another higher education institution to condense years of on-the-job experience and skills development into a single year.
At the conclusion of the fellowship year, fellows return to their home institution with new knowledge and skills that contribute to capacity-building efforts, along with a network of peers across the country and abroad.
fellowship history social sciences
Posted on March 9, 2020 March 12, 2020 by Julia Halprin Jackson Achievements
2020 Faculty Award Winners
San Jose State has recognized four distinguished faculty members for noteworthy achievement in teaching, scholarship and service. Read more about each recipient:
President's Scholar: Lawrence Quill, Department of Political Science
Outstanding Professor: Charlotte Sunseri, Department of Anthropology
Outstanding Lecturer: Sharmin Khan, Department of Linguistics
Distinguished Service: Karen Singmaster, Department of Chemistry
faculty award winners 2020 humanities and the arts research science social sciences
Posted on December 29, 2016 December 29, 2016 by Pat Lopes Harris News
Alumnus, World Renowned Sociologist Remembers Carrie Fisher
TO ALL THOSE WHO GREW UP WITH THE STAR WARS SERIES AND ARE TRYING TO COME TO GRIPS WITH YET ANOTHER DEEPLY FELT LOSS IN A YEAR OF SUCH LOSSES, thank you for your interest in my assessment and I hope that this brief comment brings some solace.
We should not just sit in stunned silence when those who have positively impacted some aspect of our lives—if only our imaginations—pass from among us. Our shared humanity mandates that for our own good, we acknowledge such a loss.
As a huge Star Wars fan, I too have had to try to wrap my mind around this very sad sequence of events. Perhaps an acknowledgement and view appropriate to Star Wars is in order:
Death, with its inescapable icy embrace, eventually casts its sardonic smile upon all things—people, planets, stars, galaxies, and—cosmologically speaking—at some unimaginably distant time in the future and far, far away, even upon the Universe itself. But the Universe, in its incomprehensibly profound greatness, has endowed people not only with a consciousness of itself, but with the potential character and courage to reciprocate death's greeting, to smile back. So though death comes like a malevolent intruder, a thief in the night, the Grim Reaper, need not have the last laugh.
Princess Leia and Mom, thanks for all the joy and memories. R.I.P. and—may the force be with you!
—Dr. Harry Edwards, '64 Sociology, '16 Honorary Doctorate
academics social sciences sociology
Posted on November 3, 2016 November 8, 2016 by Robin McElhatton News
Bay Area Media Turn to SJSU on Election Night 2016
Sharing their expertise with millions of television viewers and radio listeners will be professors Sergio Bejar-Lopez, Melinda Jackson, Larry Gerston and Garrick Percival. Photo Illustration: SJSU Strategic Communications and Public Affairs
San Jose State University political science professors will be sharing their expertise with millions of television viewers and radio listeners across the Bay Area on election night. Four professors will be providing reaction and expert commentary on six television and radio stations Nov. 8 and 9.
"Our political science faculty is excited to be able to share its expertise with the community," said Melinda Jackson, department chair. "SJSU has a long tradition of engaged scholarship and public service, one of the things we love about teaching here."
How to Tune In
Associate Professor Jackson will appear on ABC affiliate KGO-TV on election night beginning at 8 p.m. She will also offer post-election analysis the next morning on KGO-TV's newscasts.
Assistant Professor Sergio Bejar-Lopez will be on-set analyzing the election for Telemundo affiliate KSTS-TV and Univision affiliate KDTV-TV.
For the 36th year, Professor Emeritus Larry Gerston will share his political expertise with NBC Bay Area viewers and KCBS radio listeners.
Associate Professor Garrick Percival will offer analysis of some of the 17 propositions on this year's ballot with Fox affiliate KTVU and others.
A Wealth of Knowledge
"We are especially proud of the fact that so many of our department's faculty members have been asked to provide political analysis on the important issues and races at the local, state and national level this year," Professor Jackson said. "We have a wealth of expert knowledge on this campus!"
academics politics social sciences
Posted on May 2, 2016 May 9, 2016 by Pat Lopes Harris News
SJSU Names 2016 Outstanding Thesis
Amanda Feldman
Amanda Feldman is the 2016 Outstanding Thesis Award recipient, in recognition of the quality of her research. She will be recognized at Commencement, beginning at 9:30 a.m. May 28 in Spartan Stadium.
Feldman's interest in sharp force trauma research was spurred by "the magnitude of the domestic violence problem in America" and the prevalence of knife attacks in these cases.
Learning that domestic disputes accounted for the majority of knife-related homicides, Feldman's study included research about the motives and mindsets of perpetrators, which she hopes "will contribute to the improvement of validation standards in forensic studies."
While researching her award-winning thesis, "From Trauma to Trial: Proposing New Methods for Examining the Variability of Sharp Force Trauma on Bone," Feldman says she "became passionate about collaborating with students."
Having graduated with a master's in applied anthropology in December, She plans to pursue a Ph.D. and become a professor.
academics Anthropology People social sciences student
SJSU Names 2016 Outstanding Seniors
Erin Enguero and Anna Santana are the recipients of SJSU's 2016 Outstanding Graduating Senior Awards in recognition of their scholarship and contributions to the community. Both will be recognized at Commencement, beginning at 9:30 a.m. May 28 in Spartan Stadium.
Erin Enguero
Erin Enguero (photo by Inderpal Kaur)
Since age 11, having a hearing loss has influenced how Enguero identifies herself academically and socially. She has evolved from a self-described "cautious pre-teen to an ambitious young woman striving for excellence" in her educational and community endeavors.
Carrying a 3.796 GPA, she has earned numerous scholarships and has been recognized as a CSU Trustee Award winner, SJSU Salzburg Scholar and 2016 American Kinesiology Association Undergraduate Scholar.
While Enguero's hearing loss has taught her to adapt using her existing strengths, she says she is proud "not just for overcoming my disability, but for finding the courage to explore my identities as a student, leader and, ultimately, an agent of change."
Enguero graduates in May with a bachelor's in kinesiology. In fall 2016, she plans to pursue a doctorate in physical therapy at California State University, Fresno.
Anna Santana
Anna Santana with civil rights activist Dolores Huerta (courtesy of Anna Santana)
At age six, Santana transferred schools three times in less than a year in search of a bilingual teacher. This daughter of former farmworkers says this was just part of the struggles that "have shaped my dreams and aspirations."
Today, Santana advocates for the education of migrant families through the Apoyo Campesino project, which seeks to change a state regulation that forces students to move to a different school after each growing season ends.
In addition, Santana is the founder of the College Awareness Network, which has been integral in bringing students from marginalized schools to university campuses to promote a college-going culture.
A double major in sociology and Spanish, Santana will receive her bachelor's degree in May. As a McNair Scholar, she maintains a 3.9 GPA and has been accepted to Stanford University for graduate school.
academics CASA humanities and the arts kinesiology social sciences sociology World Languages
Posted on April 29, 2016 May 6, 2016 by Lauren Hernandez News
Honors Convocation Recognizes Top Academic Achievers
Photo: David Schmitz
When Kenney Chiu, '15 Business Finance, joined 4,127 Dean's and President's Scholars as part of the Honors Convocation in the Event Center on April 15, someone special shared a seat with him — his baby boy Abraham Charles.
"I snuck him in to sit on my lap," Chiu said with a laugh. "All the honorees that sat around me were playing with him and they just loved it, too."
Chiu joined a record number of 3,714 students honored with recognition for earning a 3.65 or higher GPA in at least two contiguous of the past three semesters at San Jose State.
Although Chiu credited his honor with the exceptional teaching found in his home Lucas College of Business, he stressed the impact that his baby boy has had on his academic accomplishments.
"That's where my motivation comes from," Chiu said. "I just want to show my kid that he can be proud of his dad."
Interim President Sue Martin took a moment during the ceremony to praise the "unsung heroes," including family members, friends and spouses who helped support and guide the student scholars.
For Emily Vann, '16 Public Relations, her President's Scholar recognition was a testament to her mother Olivia and her coaches both on and off the basketball court.
Vann joined a record setting 59 student-athletes recognized for academic excellence, including eight student-athletes who maintained a perfect 4.0 GPA for at least two contiguous of the past three semesters.
"You have to kind of go into another gear to kind of get this distinction," Vann said. "I know firsthand how much it takes and how much time, dedication and effort it takes to go through the everyday process of waking up and having to wear two hats as a student and an athlete."
Vann, a forward on the SJSU women's basketball team, said she could not have reached the academic milestone without the support of her mother.
"My mom is a teacher and I just feel really blessed to have had her in my life. She helped me and coached me from the time I was little," Vann said. "[She's] always letting me know that my academics come first even though I'm an athlete."
Provost Andy Feinstein said such support by loved ones and faculty members alike married with personal sacrifice helped usher in the record number of honored scholars this year.
"These students have shown a commitment to their studies, through personal, economic, social and educational circumstances, to be among the top one percent at this university," Feinstein said.
Kenneth Peter, 2016 Outstanding Professor, said in his keynote speech that students should be fueled by the various sacrifices they make in their quest for higher education.
"Your talents are not only exhibited in your academic success, but are profound when viewed in light of the struggles you have overcome," Peter said. "When many of you are first generation college students, when most of you worked more than half time, when many of you have family obligations, when most of you come from public schools with inadequate resources, you are remarkably talented and you have proven this by being in this room tonight."
Peter's assertion rang particularly close to home for Jamil Elbanna, '16 Mechanical Engineering, who spent most of his academic career working two jobs in addition to his schoolwork.
In order to finance his way through college, Elbanna took a job as a courtesy clerk at Safeway and a security officer at a hospital, all while pursuing a degree.
"It's definitely not the easiest thing but having passion for my major and what I want to study is important," Elbanna said. "There were times where it almost felt impossible, but I just keep at it and pushed at it day and night."
Peter concluded his keynote speech by reminding the student honorees that by receiving recognition for their academic accomplishments, they are also receiving an important responsibility.
"Your talent must not be wasted. Each of you should leave SJSU with the kind of education you will need to fight for greater fairness and equality than this world has yet seen fit to offer," Peters said. "You have likely experienced some hardships. Let those light the fire within."
academics Administration/Divisions Business CASA COB engineering journalism mechanical engineering Office of the Provost political science social sciences
Posted on March 15, 2016 May 24, 2016 by Pat Lopes Harris News
World-Renowned Sports Sociologist and SJSU Alumnus Harry Edwards to Serve as 2016 Commencement Speaker
Pat Lopes Harris, SJSU Media Relations, 408-924-1748, pat.harris@sjsu.edu
Harry Edwards speaks at a campus event in May 2012 (photo: Christina Olivas)
SAN JOSE, CA – San Jose State University announced today that human and civil rights icon Harry Edwards, '64 Sociology, will serve as its 2016 Commencement speaker. In addition, Edwards will receive an honorary Doctorate of Humane Letters at Commencement. The ceremony is scheduled to begin at 9:30 a.m. May 28 at Spartan Stadium. The event will be streamed live on the university's website.
"Harry Edwards came to San Jose State to pursue an education while representing the university in intercollegiate athletics, and he accomplished both with extraordinary distinction," said SJSU Interim President Susan Martin. "Dr. Edwards went on to dedicate his life to developing innovative approaches for raising the nation's consciousness about the hidden inequities and barriers that exist in our society through his work in athletics. We are proud to recognize his contributions with an honorary degree and look forward to hearing him address our graduates."
This academic year, an estimated 9,000 San Jose State students will earn bachelor's, master's and doctoral degrees. Approximately 15,000 family members and friends are expected to attend Commencement.
Harry Edwards
Harry Edwards, 73, was born in St. Louis, Mo., and raised in East St. Louis, Ill., the second of eight children. With no more than a third-grade education, his father supported the family and encouraged Harry to take advantage of the opportunities the sports world provided.
Edwards followed through, excelling in sports and academics in high school. With financial support from a St. Louis-area attorney, he arrived in California to attend Fresno City College on a track and basketball scholarship. He later transferred to San Jose State University, where he served as captain of the basketball team and set school records for the discus.
Edwards set SJSU records for the discus (courtesy of Spartan Athletics).
After graduating in 1964 with a degree in sociology, Edwards had three choices: professional football, professional basketball, or graduate school. He chose graduate school, and began work on master's and doctoral degrees at Cornell University in New York. After completing his master's degree, he took a break from his studies to return to San Jose State, where he worked as a part-time instructor of sociology.
The year was 1966, and the civil rights movement was in full swing. Drawing on his childhood experiences, his years as a college athlete, his academic training, and his desire to educate, Edwards began gaining national attention for speaking out on the inequities he perceived in the nation and the sports world.
"During the 1967 college football season, Edwards, then a part-time instructor… presented a list of civil rights grievances to the administration on behalf of the school's black students, particularly its athletes. Edwards's group threatened to 'physically interfere' with the opening game if demands were not met. It was a regional watershed in radical sports activism, and the mainstream reaction was also a first; the opening game was canceled," according to The New York Times.
The following year brought the assassinations of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., and U.S. Senator Robert Kennedy. Edwards lent his voice and support to the Olympic Project for Human Rights, a movement calling upon black athletes to boycott the 1968 Olympics in Mexico City. Watching television in the United States, Edwards observed SJSU track stars and U.S. Olympians Tommie Smith and John Carlos take a stand for human rights on the awards podium.
Harry Edwards and Sandra Boze Edwards met at SJSU (courtesy of Mr. Edwards).
At the time, all three men were heavily criticized for their actions. Three decades later, San Jose State student leaders recognized the courage of these Spartans by memorializing the moment with a 24-foot tall sculpture in the heart of our campus.
Edwards went on to earn a doctoral degree from Cornell University in 1971, and to begin a distinguished, three-decade career as a professor of sociology at the University of California, Berkeley. A giant of a man with a caring presence, his "Sociology of Sports" course was among the most popular on campus.
During that time, he remained in constant contact with the professional sports world, where he served as a consultant to two luminaries who also graduated from San Jose State: Major League Baseball commissioner Peter Ueberroth, '59 Business, and the late San Francisco 49ers Head Coach Bill Walsh, '55 BA, '58 MA Education.
Providing Opportunity
In addition, Edwards worked with the Golden State Warriors and the University of Florida. In all of these roles, he sought to develop practices and programs to increase minority representation in the coaching ranks and to support players of color as they navigated the opportunities and pressures of college and professional sports. Edwards delivered a moving eulogy for Walsh, summarizing the ways they sought to provide opportunities to all NFL players.
Harry Edwards is the author of four books: "The Struggle That Must Be," "Sociology of Sports," "Black Students," and "The Revolt of the Black Athlete." He has been married for 47 years to Sandra Boze Edwards, '70 BA Liberal Studies, '88 MA Education. The couple resides in Fremont, Calif., and they are the parents of three now adult children: a lawyer, a physician, and an information technology/computer programming specialist.
The founding campus of the 23-campus California State University system, San José State provides a comprehensive university education, granting bachelor's, master's and doctoral degrees in 145 areas of study with an additional 108 concentrations – offered through its eight colleges.
With more than 32,000 students and nearly 4,370 employees, San José State University continues to be an essential partner in the economic, cultural and social development of Silicon Valley and the state, annually contributing more than 7,000 graduates to the workforce.
academics Administration/Divisions athletics basketball Commencement diversity events president's office social sciences sociology Track
Posted on August 20, 2015 October 5, 2015 by Pat Lopes Harris Academics & Research, SJSU in the News
Los Angeles Times: Uber's Driver Screening Practices Fuel Political Debate on Rider Safety
Posted by the Los Angeles Times on Aug. 20, 2015.
By Laura J. Nelson and Emily Alpert Reyes
The ride-hailing revolution holds the potential to radically change the way people get around. But the political battle over Uber and Lyft in California has focused on something more obscure: fingerprints.
Uber is facing some of the fiercest challenges to its business practices from an array of California officials who claim the Silicon Valley-based company does not adequately screen its rapidly expanding pool of tens of thousands of drivers…
A number of other issues such as insurance coverage and liability have swirled around the rise of Uber and similar services. But for both elected officials and their constituents, questions of criminal histories are "a much more immediate concern if you're deciding whether to use one of these services rather than a traditional taxi," said Melinda Jackson, an associate professor of political science at San Jose State University.
academics political science social sciences
Posted on April 27, 2011 by Teresa Ruiz News
Classes without Quizzes: Social Sciences Edition
Time: 9 a.m.- 1:30 p.m.
Location: Clark Hall
Summary: Leave your blue books and number 2 pencils at home! The San José State University Alumni Association and the College of Social Sciences invite you to join us for a day of education and enrichment at College of Social Sciences Classes Without Quizzes on Saturday, April 30 from 9-1:30p.m. This free event will be located in Clark Hall. Lunch will be provided.
Review the course information below before registering for the event.
Classes Without Quizzes social sciences
Posted on March 2, 2011 July 31, 2015 by Pat Lopes Harris Campus
SJSU Panel Discusses Tough Choices Shaping Silicon Valley's Economic Future
Washington Square Hall
Did you know Canada is more open to teams of foreign professionals over the long term than the United States? Or that only 15 percent of Santa Clara County households can afford to buy median-price homes and our rental housing is unaffordable to 40 percent of those who seek it? Continue reading →
Posted on March 2, 2011 July 31, 2015 by Pat Lopes Harris Academics & Research
SJSU Panel Discusses Tough Choices Shaping Silicon Valley's Economic Future
Posted on October 18, 2010 by Teresa Ruiz Campus
SJSU Hosts "The Changing Face of America: A Conference on Immigration and Social Policy"
"The Changing Face of America: A Conference on Immigration and Social Policy" will be held Oct. 22 and 23 in the Student Union. The SJSU Silicon Valley Center for Global Innovation and Immigration and the College of Social Sciences will co-host the event, bringing together students, scholars and community members from various disciplines for presentations and panel discussions. Open to the public, this conference reflects San Jose State's commitment to providing a forum for all aspects of this global issue. Continue reading →
events global Silicon Valley social sciences Student Union


The Concord Carlisle Community Chest has been growing new ideas in philanthropy since 1947. In continuation of this work to bring greater public awareness to innovative initiatives, we created a new funding opportunity in 2016-2017 titled adVentures in Philanthropy: An Innovation Challenge for Non-Profits Serving Concord and Carlisle. This inaugural grant program celebrats and supports innovative ideas addressing human service needs in our community.
We do not anticipate an adVentures opportunity in 2018-19.
adVentures grants will be awarded to new projects that address specific community needs and fall outside of the Community Chest's annual grant-making process, which primarily supports established, ongoing efforts. Funding for both capital and programming expenses will be considered.
Completed applications are due in the fall. Members of the Cornerstone Committee will review all submitted applications and meet with selected organizations to review and discuss proposals.
Up to three finalists will be announced in January. The three finalist organizations will then present their ideas to the community at our adVentures in Philanthropy event in March (finalists will be provided with more detailed information about the event.) At the event, questions from the judges panel will be taken with the panel of judges deciding on the distribution of up to $30,000 among the three organizations.
Finalists will not be allowed to submit grant requests to the adVenture program in future years, this is a one-time only award to an organization, but are encouraged to continue working with the Community Chest to determine if other funding avenues are appropriate. Programs not selected for funding are allowed to submit requests through the adVenture program in future years.


Yesterday, talking with a Lenovo Sale representative, I ask if upgrading myself the RAM or going from a HD to a SSD in my future T430 will void the warranty.
I am wondering if that is accurate, as this is something I have never heard about.
Perhaps the sales rep meant that if you upgrade the RAM or HDD/SSD yourself using non-Lenovo parts then those parts won't be covered by Lenovo under the ThinkPad warranty.
The general rule is that if the User's Guide describes how to do an upgrade then if you follow that procedure you won't invalidate the warranty on that ThinkPad. For example if you add a non-OEM RAM module then that module won't be covered by Lenovo. That only makes sense. The rest of the ThinkPad, including Lenovo RAM modules will continue to be covered.
As a practical matter, should you run into problems with your ThinkPad after you upgrade some of the components then Lenovo may ask you to remove them and reproduce the problem. That also makes sense. For that reason when I upgrade stuff like RAM and HDD with non-Lenovo parts I always keep the original parts around for the duration of the warranty just in case I need them to demonstrate the problem with all-Lenovo parts.
the RAM and Hard Drives are usually classed as customer replaceable units, (CRU) on most systems including the T430, there are very few exceptions. Whether or not an item is an CRU can be seen in the Hardware Maintenance Manual for that system, these can be found through the following link.
Yes good advice for those new to warranty. Memory thats out of spec can cause all manner of troubles. You'd need to replace with the original to verify the problem is still there and especially if sending it in.


text:
Die Boire de Nay ist ein kleiner Fluss in Frankreich, der im Département Loire-Atlantique in der Region Pays de la Loire verläuft. Sie entspringt unter dem Namen Ruisseau de Curette im südwestlichen Gemeindegebiet von Grandchamps-des-Fontaines, entwässert mit einem Bogen über Ostnordost generell in südöstlicher Richtung und mündet nach rund 17 Kilometern an der Gemeindegrenze von Sucé-sur-Erdre und La Chapelle-sur-Erdre als rechter Nebenfluss in die Erdre. Die Boire de Nay quert in ihrem Oberlauf die autobahnähnlich ausgebaute Nationalstraße N137 und im Mündungsabschnitt die Bahnstrecke Nantes-Orléans–Châteaubriant.

Der Fluss ändert in seinem Verlauf mehrfach den Namen: im Oberlauf nennt er sich Ruisseau de Curette, im Unterlauf Ruisseau de l'Hocmard und nimmt erst im Mündungsabschnitt seinen definitiven Namen Boire de Nay an.

Orte am Fluss
(Reihenfolge in Fließrichtung)
 Chanais, Gemeinde Grandchamps-des-Fontaines
 Curette, Gemeinde Grandchamps-des-Fontaines
 Grandchamps-des-Fontaines
 La Favrière, Gemeinde Grandchamps-des-Fontaines
 La Hocmardière, Gemeinde Sucé-sur-Erdre
 Mouline, Gemeinde La Chapelle-sur-Erdre
 La Chapelle-sur-Erdre

Einzelnachweise

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Mylan and Biocon Gain Brazilian Regulatory Approval for Trastuzumab Biosimilar
Kelly Davio
Mylan and Biocon ended 2017 with more positive news for their biosimilar program; on December 29, 2017, the partnership announced that Brazil's National Sanitary Surveillance Agency (ANVISA) had approved their trastuzumab biosimilar.
Mylan and Biocon ended 2017 with more positive news for their biosimilar program; on December 29, 2017, the partnership announced that Brazil's National Sanitary Surveillance Agency (ANVISA) had approved their trastuzumab biosimilar for the treatment of overexpressing HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer, HER2-positive early breast cancer and HER2-positive advanced gastric cancer. The drug, which will be sold under the brand name Zedora, is the first biosimilar trastuzumab to be approved in Brazil.
In a statement, Mylan's CEO, Heather Bresch, highlighted the fact that the biosimilar could bring about greater patient access to biologic treatment for cancer: "The number of women diagnosed with breast cancer in Brazil is increasing. Sadly, many of the women with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer in Brazil do not have access to [trastuzumab] through the country's public health system. The approval of Zedora…is an important step in our efforts to increase access to this critical product for patients with certain breast and gastric cancers and reduce the overall financial burden for health systems around the world."
The ANVISA approval was granted through Mylan and Biocon's Brazilian partner, Libbs Farmaceutica. Libbs is a pharmaceutical company that currently markets approximately 90 drug brands in 200 presentations for indications in gynecology, neurology, cardiology, oncology, and dermatology. The company's biotechnology unit, Biotech, launched in 2016, is responsible for the production of its monoclonal antibodies.
Earlier in December 2017, the Mylan and Biocon gained FDA clearance for the same drug, which will be marketed in the United States under the brand name Ogivri. The FDA approval was the first for a biosimilar trastuzumab, and the second for an anticancer therapy in the United States.
The partnership has also re-submitted an application for the drug to the European Medicines Agency (EMA) after its first application was withdrawn as the companies awaited re-inspection of a manufacturing facility in India. Should the Mylan and Biocon product gain EMA clearance, the drug will eventually compete with Celltrion's recently EMA-approved biosimilar trastuzumab, Herzuma, as well as Samsung Bioepis' EMA-approved product, Ontruzant.
News | Regulatory

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
FREE MOVIE PASSES
Tag: Is "Keeping Up with the Joneses" Good?
See "Once Upon a Time in Hollywood" Early & For Free
The "Julie Says So" TOP 5 MOVIES to See RIGHT NOW
"Spider-Man: Far From Home" Movie Review (& Parent Review)
October 19, 2016 / julie
Discussing OCTOBER MOVIES on "Good Morning Texas"
I joined Jane McGarry on Good Morning Texas today to talk about all the big October Movies we have to look forward to. We chatted about Tom Cruise in Jack Reacher: Never Go Back, and how I have an awful Girl Crush on his co-star, Cobie Smulders. We also talked about Jon Hamm in Keeping Up With the Joneses and some scary flicks that are coming out just in time for Halloween. Click HERE to watch the segment, then head over to my Free Movie Passes page to see what's up for grabs. Remember to subscribe to the website so you'll never miss a free movie!
MOVIE REVIEWS	"Boo: A Madea Halloween" Movie Review, "Jack Reacher: Never Go Back" Movie Review, "Keeping Up with the Joneses" Movie Review, "Ouija: Origin of Evil" Movie Review, All Eyez On Me, Benedict Cumberbatch, Boo: A Madea Halloween, Cobie Smulders, Doctor Strange, Felicity Jones, Free "Inferno" Passes, Gal Gadot, Good Morning Texas, Inferno, Is "Boo: A Madea Hallowee" Good?, Is "Jack Reacher: Never Go Back" good?, Is "Keeping Up with the Joneses" Good?, Is "Ouija: Origin of Evil" Good?, Isla Fisher, Jack Reacher: Never Go Back, Jane McGarry, Jeff Nichols, Joel Edgerton, Jon Hamm, Julie Fisk, Julie Says So, Keeping Up with the Joneses, Loving, Marvel, Movie Reviews on "Good Morning Texas", October Movies, October Movies on "Good Morning Texas", Ouija, Ouija: Origin of Evil, Ron Howard, Ruth Negga, Tom Cruise, Tom Hanks, Tupac Shakur, Tyler Perry, Zach Galifianakis
JULIE FISK IS A MARRIED MOTHER OF TWO AND A HUGE FAN OF FAMILY, FOOD & FILM. SHE CLAIMS TO BE A FITNESS ENTHUSIAST AS WELL, BUT SHE MIGHT JUST LIKE WEARING THE CLOTHES. AFTER 25 YEARS IN RADIO, JULIE FOUND HERSELF WITHOUT A MICROPHONE TO VOICE HER OPINIONS. WHERE WOULD SHE GO TO SHARE HER THOUGHTS & VIEWS (AKA- BITCH & MOAN)? HENCE THIS WEBSITE. THANK GOD FOR THE INTERNET.
FREE MOVIE PASSES: See "Once Upon a Time in Hollywood" EARLY & FOR FREE
TOP 5 MOVIES to See RIGHT NOW!
FREE MOVIE PASSES: See "Stuber" EARLY & FOR FREE All Over Texas!
"Julie Says So" MOVIE MINUTE: Oscar Buzz Preview
Making Friends 101: Lessons in Starting Over
MOVIE REVIEW: Why I Walked Out of Jennifer Lawrence's "Red Sparrow"
JulieSaysSo -- Copyright 2016 -- Julie Fisk
A Greta Weiner Digital Website --- GretaWeiner.com


LATIN MIX MUSIC, REGGAE AND BILLBOARD TOP 40 BY DJ LDR. Dress code is TRENDY. JEANS, DRESS SHOES AND COLLARED SHIRTS FOR GUYS. JEANS, HEELS, AND A DRESSY TOP FOR LADIES.. Minimum age for ladies is 21. Minimum age for gentlemen is 21.
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Latin Mix Music, Reggae and Billboard Top 40 music sets.
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Your writing has become better and better, and this was beautiful. You truly have grown as a writer. I love the message in this.
My only comment was, is that it feels unfinished...left open-ended. Which is cool, but something like this I felt maybe it at least needed a full stop! Anyway, something to keep in mind for the future!


text:
Apply for a 2020 investigative journalism fellowship focused on sexual and reproductive health
Join our Tracking the Backlash project for six months and sharpen your investigative journalism skills. Deadline: Sunday 16 February 2020.
Kerry Cullinan
Sign at the Stop the Abortion Bans Rally in New York City in 21 May 2019.
Gabriele Holtermann-Gorden/SIPA USA/PA Images.
openDemocracy's Tracking the Backlash project is excited to announce a six-month, full-time investigative journalism fellowship focused on sexual and reproductive health issues, starting in March 2020. Working closely with our editors, the fellow will focus on investigating the health impacts of organised opposition to women's and LGBTIQ rights across the world.
The fellow will be paid a stipend of $2,100 per month and will be expected to dedicate 40 hours a week to research, reporting, planning and other tasks for at least two major investigative projects. Throughout, they will receive ongoing mentorship on health reporting and how to plan and execute impactful investigations. They will also be invited to attend special training workshops.
We are looking for applications from journalists with some experience in health or science reporting who are interested in developing their skills in this area while working on impactful investigations. As this is a specialist fellowship, you will get more out of this opportunity if you have at least 3-5 years of previous work experience, but we will consider applications in their entirety.
The fellow can be based anywhere in the world with reliable internet access though we particularly encourage applications from women and LGBTIQ people living in sub-Saharan Africa as well as Central Asia, Eastern Europe, and the South Caucasus, which are regions where Tracking the Backlash is expanding.
Please review the details of this fellowship opportunity, its responsibilities and the experience we're looking for
Submit your application online, in English, by Sunday 16 February 2020 at 11:59pm GMT, including a copy of your CV and up to three examples of your previous work.
If you have any questions about this opportunity, please email [email protected], using "Questions about 2020 health investigations fellowship" in the subject line of your message.
Published in: 50.50
We're hiring: correspondents in Mesoamerica and Francophone West Africa
Written by: Lydia Namubiru All articles by: Lydia Namubiru
Written by: Diana Cariboni All articles by: Diana Cariboni
Nous recrutons: Envoyés spéciaux en Mésoamérique et en Afrique de l'Ouest francophone
Revealed: US Capitol protesters are still fundraising via Amazon and PayPal
Written by: Teddy Wilson All articles by: Teddy Wilson
Written by: Lou Ferreira All articles by: Lou Ferreira
'Christian nationalists' accused of violating law in Georgia elections
View all in 50.50
Get 50.50 emails Gender and social justice, in your inbox. Sign up to receive openDemocracy 50.50's monthly email newsletter.
reproductive health and rights
Tracking the backlash


text:
Hypocreomycetidae is a subclass of sac fungi.

Orders
As accepted by Wijayawardene et al. 2020.
Cancellidiales - Cancellidiaceae (2 genera)

Conioscyphales - Conioscyphaceae (1)

Coronophorales
 Bertiaceae (2)
 Ceratostomataceae (16)
 Chaetosphaerellaceae (3)
 Coronophoraceae (1)
 Nitschkiaceae (13)
 Scortechiniaceae (11)

Falcocladiales - Falcocladiaceae (1)

Fuscosporellales - Fuscosporellaceae (6)

Glomerellales
 Australiascaceae (1)
 Glomerellaceae (1)
 Malaysiascaceae (1)
 Plectosphaerellaceae (24)
 Reticulascaceae (4)

Hypocreales
 Bionectriaceae (47)
 Calcarisporiaceae (1)
 Clavicipitaceae (50)
 Cocoonihabitaceae (1)
 Cordycipitaceae (21)
 Cylindriaceae (1)
 Flammocladiellaceae (1)
 Hypocreaceae (17)
 Myrotheciomycetaceae (4)
 Nectriaceae (70)
 Niessliaceae (21)
 Ophiocordycipitaceae (12)
 Sarocladiaceae (2)
 Stachybotryaceae (39)
 Tilachlidiaceae (3)

Jobellisiales - Jobellisiaceae (1)

Koralionastetales - Koralionastetaceae (2)

Lulworthiales - Lulworthiaceae (16)

Microascales (Halosphaeriales)
 Ceratocystidaceae (11)
 Chadefaudiellaceae (2)
 Gondwanamycetaceae (2)
 Graphiaceae (1)
 Halosphaeriaceae (68)
 Microascaceae (23)
 Triadelphiaceae (2)

Pararamichloridiales - Pararamichloridiaceae (1)

Parasympodiellales - Parasympodiellaceae (1)

Pisorisporiales - Pisorisporiaceae (2)

Pleurotheciales - Pleurotheciaceae (14)

Savoryellales - Savoryellaceae (6)

Spathulosporales
 Hispidicarpomycetaceae (1)
 Spathulosporaceae (2)

Torpedosporales
 Etheirophoraceae (2)
 Juncigenaceae (6)
 Torpedosporaceae (1)

Incertae sedis genera

 Ascocodinaea
 Conioscypha
 Conioscyphascus
 Etheirophora
 Porosphaerellopsis

References

Sordariomycetes
Fungus subclasses
Taxa described in 1997


The ultimate goal of the proposed research is to develop an integrated, experimentally verifiable modeling framework based on quantum-chemical calculations and advanced machine-learning algorithms to accelerate catalyst discovery. In heterogeneous catalysis, chemical reactions are exclusively catalyzed by nanometer-sized particles. Many factors, such as atomic arrangements, elemental compositions, strain/stress, nature of supports, and nanoconfinement, influence physiochemical properties of nanoparticles and so the reaction rate of elementary steps occurring at active sites. Therefore, discovery of high-performance catalysts with atomic-level accuracy requires a deep understanding of the reactivity of atomic ensembles towards molecules or their fragments. A quantum brute-force search for optimal catalysts, although it shows some advantages compared to experimental trial-and-error approaches, is far beyond reach for present-day computing facilities. This project integrates quantum-chemical modeling, electrochemistry, catalysis, database development, and machine learning for accelerated catalyst discovery. Specifically, we will apply this new approach to the design of core-shell alloy nanoparticles for CO2 conversion. Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) has received considerable attention because of its potential to utilize the abundant greenhouse gas in the Earth's atmosphere, and the electricity from intermittent renewable sources, to yield fuels and chemicals that are traditionally derived from petroleum. Copper, silver, and gold are, arguably, the only known metals that produce appreciable amounts of hydrocarbons and oxygenates, or the fuel precursor carbon monoxide, although at high overpotentials (~1.0 V). We hypothesize that coinage metal alloy nanoparticles with atomically tailored size/shape, structure/composition, and point/planer defects can considerably reduce the energy loss for electroreduction of CO2 and improve the Faradaic efficiency to produce valuable C2 species (e.g., ethylene and ethanol). The project, as illustrated in Figure above, consists of three intertwined core activities: 1) development of machine-learning models with the dataset from quantum-chemical calculations of nanoparticle properties; 2) development of a web interface that leverages available materials properties databases for catalyst prediction; 3) verification and improvement of the modeling framework through experimental testing.


Creative has this pretty snazzy deal on their small portable media player, the Zen Micro. For a limited time this player will go for $100 after instant savings. For a little comparison, the 4GB iPod nano costs twice as much as this. This is a great small player for the iPod haters (yeah, I know you are reading this) or those looking for a high-quality, lesser priced player.


text:
`ngHandsontable.js` changed to support reassigning `datarows` and/or `columns`, for which it will recreate the entire table. `index.html` and `ngHandsontableDemo.js` modified to isolate the "dynamic columns" example, and shuffles the rows and columns to demo `datarow` and `column` reassignment.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

# ngHandsontable - the AngularJS directive for [Handsontable](https://github.com/handsontable/jquery-handsontable)

Enables creation of data grid applications in AngularJS.

## Demo

See the demo at http://handsontable.github.io/ngHandsontable

## Usage

Include the library files:

```html
<link rel="stylesheet" media="screen" href="bower_components/handsontable/dist/jquery.handsontable.full.css">
<script src="bower_components/angular/angular.js"></script>
<script src="bower_components/jquery/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src="bower_components/handsontable/dist/jquery.handsontable.full.js"></script>
<script src="dist/ngHandsontable.js"></script>
```

Template:

```html
<hot-table
    settings="{colHeaders: colHeaders, contextMenu: ['row_above', 'row_below', 'remove_row'], afterChange: afterChange }"
    rowHeaders="false"
    minSpareRows="minSpareRows"
    datarows="db.items"
    height="300"
    width="700">
    <hot-column data="id"                  title="'ID'"></hot-column>
    <hot-column data="name.first"          title="'First Name'"  type="grayedOut"  readOnly></hot-column>
    <hot-column data="name.last"           title="'Last Name'"   type="grayedOut"  readOnly></hot-column>
    <hot-column data="address"             title="'Address'" width="150"></hot-column>
    <hot-column data="product.description" title="'Favorite food'" type="'autocomplete'">
        <hot-autocomplete datarows="description in product.options"></hot-autocomplete>
    </hot-column>
    <hot-column data="price"               title="'Price'"     type="'numeric'"  width="80"  format="'$ 0,0.00'" ></hot-column>
    <hot-column data="isActive"            title="'Is active'" type="'checkbox'" width="65"  checkedTemplate="'Yes'" uncheckedTemplate="'No'"></hot-column>
</hot-table>
```

Controller:

```javascript
$scope.db.items = [
  {
    "id":1,
    "name":{
      "first":"John",
      "last":"Schmidt"
    },
    "address":"45024 France",
    "price":760.41,
    "isActive":"Yes",
    "product":{
      "description":"Fried Potatoes",
      "options":[
        {
          "description":"Fried Potatoes",
          "image":"//a248.e.akamai.net/assets.github.com/images/icons/emoji/fries.png",
          "Pick$":null
        },
        {
          "description":"Fried Onions",
          "image":"//a248.e.akamai.net/assets.github.com/images/icons/emoji/fries.png",
          "Pick$":null
        }
      ]
    }
  },
  //more items go here
];
```

## Directives and attributes specification

All **Handsontable** options listed [here](https://github.com/handsontable/jquery-handsontable/wiki) should be supported

 Directive                       | Attribute    | Description
 --------------------------------|-----------------------------|-------------
 **<div hot-table>**       |                             | Defines the grid container. Can also be declared as element `<ui-handsontable>`
 <div hot-table>           | datarows                    | Data provider for the grid. Usage like `item in items` (similar to ngRepeat). Creates new scope for each row
 <div hot-table>           | settings                    | jquery-handsontable settings. For list of options, see: [handsontable/jquery-handsontable](https://github.com/handsontable/jquery-handsontable)
 <div hot-table>           | selectedIndex               | Allows to bind a scope variable to get/set selected row index
 **<hot-column>**          |                             | Defines a column in the grid
 <hot-column>              | type                        | Column type. Possible values: `text`, `checkbox`, `autocomplete` (default: `text`)
 <hot-column>              | value                       | Row property that will be used as data source for each cell
 <hot-column>              | title                       | Column title
 <hot-column>              | readOnly                    | If set, column will be read-only
 <hot-column>              | saveOnBlur                  | (Autocomplete columns only) If set, `value` will be updated after autocomplete is blured. This is in contrast to default behavior, where `value` is updated after each keystroke
 <hot-column>              | strict                      | (Autocomplete columns only) If set, `value` can only be selected from autocomplete options. If not set, also custom `value` is allowed if entered to the text box
 <hot-column>              | checkedTemplate             | (Checkbox columns only) Expression that will be used as the value for checked `checkbox` cell (default: boolean `true`)
 <hot-column>              | uncheckedTemplate           | (Checkbox columns only) Expression that will be used as the value for unchecked `checkbox` cell (default: boolean `false`)

## License

The MIT License (see the [LICENSE](https://github.com/handsontable/ngHandsontable/blob/master/LICENSE) file for the full text)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
AREA!
DEVIL'S BOX
Home Hoods Two Women Caned For Having Lesbian Sex In Malaysia
Two Women Caned For Having Lesbian Sex In Malaysia
By my backyard story September 03, 2018 0
Two Malaysian women were caned Monday for having lesbian sex in violation of strict Islamic laws, sparking outrage from activists at the "inhuman and degrading" punishment.
The women, dressed in white dresses and Muslim headscarves, were each given six strokes as they sat on stools in a sharia court, with one of them breaking down in tears.
Campaigners said it was the first time women in Malaysia have been caned for violating a sharia regulation which forbids same-sex relations. They said the case highlights the worsening climate for gay people in the Muslim-majority country.
The country operates a dual-track legal system. Islamic courts can handle religious and family matters for Muslim citizens, as well as cases such as adultery.
The women, aged 22 and 32, were arrested in April by Islamic enforcement officers after they were found in a car in a public square in the northern state of Terengganu, one of the country's most conservative areas.
The pair, whose identities have not been revealed, pleaded guilty last month to breaking Islamic laws and were sentenced to be whipped and fined 3,300 ringgit ($800).
They were caned at the Sharia High Court in the state capital Kuala Terengganu.
A judge read out their sentence just before 10:00 am (0300 GMT) and then officials meted out the punishment using thin canes in front of a packed courtroom, according to a journalist in the court.
The younger woman sobbed but the elder one showed no reaction.
'Grave rights violation'
The punishment sparked a barrage of criticism, with Malaysian rights group Women's Aid Organisation saying it was "outraged and appalled by this grave violation of human rights.
"Sexual acts between two consenting adults should not be criminalised, let alone punished with whipping."
Amnesty International said it was a "dreadful reminder of the depth of discrimination LGBT people face in the country and a sign that the new government condones the use of inhuman and degrading punishments, much like its predecessor".
Court official Wan Abdul Malik Wan Sidek defended the punishment, saying it was not as tough as caning carried out for numerous crimes under Malaysia's civil law.
Caning under Islamic law is carried out with a relatively thin cane on subjects who are fully clothed, and is more about humiliation than causing pain.
A reformist alliance took power in Malaysia at historic May elections, fuelling hopes that lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) people might face less discrimination in a country where authorities have routinely targeted them in the past.
But instead, campaigners say the environment for homosexuals appears to have deteriorated markedly in the mult-ethnic country. About 60 percent of the 32 million inhabitants are Muslim.
The Islamic affairs minister has spoken out against homosexuals and ordered pictures of LGBT activists to be removed from a public exhibition, while a transgender woman was brutally attacked in the southern state of Negeri Sembilan.
Thilaga Sulathireh, from transgender rights group Justice for Sisters, said the caning would only "increase the impunity of perpetrators to carry out acts of violence" aimed at gay people.
Lesbian sex is illegal for Muslims in Malaysia under Islamic laws, but not for the country's substantial minorities of ethnic Chinese and Indians.
Sodomy is a crime for all ethnic groups under a law dating back to British colonial rule, although the statute is rarely enforced.
TAG Hoods
{"widgetType": "carousel posts","widgetLabel": "Devil's Box","widgetCount": 5}
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This week Hyatt Visa added a card member anniversary benefit of one free night at a category 1 to 4 hotel. A common complaint about the Hyatt Visa card since it launched in late 2010 was the lack of any incentive to retain the card after receiving the high value enrollment bonus offer for two free nights at any Hyatt worldwide. This new benefit remedies that complaint to a large degree.
Hyatt Gold Passport has hotels assigned to categories 1 through 6. Category 5 and 6 are relatively small number of hotels, but these are typically the best of the best and include many of the Hyatt resort hotels. The enrollment bonus of two free nights at any Hyatt is still the premier feature of the Hyatt card.
Enrollment Bonus for current Hyatt Platinum elites = 2 free nights + 2 suite upgrade certificates for use on paid stays.
Enrollment Bonus for current Hyatt Diamond elites = 2 suite upgrade free nights with the exception of Park Hyatt Beaver Creek, Park Hyatt Sydney, Hyatt Regency Kyoto and Hyatt Regency Paris Madeleine that do not participate in confirmed suite upgrades.
1 point per dollar for other transactions.
complimentary Platinum elite status while a Hyatt Card member.
Which Hotel Credit Card is Best?
Hyatt ranks as one of the best hotel credit cards for persons who do not charge tens of thousands of dollars to a credit card. Ben Schlappig, Lucky at One Mile at a Time recently ranked best hotel credit cards and placed Starwood Preferred Guest American Express as his top pick followed by Hilton HHonors Surpass. The Points Guy surveyed hotel credit cards last week and based his analysis on $30,000 in credit card spend.
I see $30,000 on a credit card and think that might happen in five to eight years with my spend pattern. I could care less about SPG Gold elite after spending $30,000 in a year on the SPG American Express. I have been SPG Platinum for nearly a decade and rarely spend more than $3,000 a year at Starwood Hotels. Earning SPG Gold from hotel stays is something I can achieve for under $1,000 annually.
HHonors Surpass Diamond for $40,000 in credit card spend is an elite status I also held for many years with under $3,000 in spend per year at Hilton brand hotels. That is a more attainable route to HHonors elite for me.
For the low spender there is little benefit to the Starwood Preferred Guest American Express card despite it being exuberantly touted across the blog world. Sure the SPG AmEx card currently has a 30,000 points enrollment bonus. Read the fine print and the actual enrollment bonus is 10,000 points with an additional 20,000 points for charging $4,500 in the first three months.
The SPG AmEx does not confer instant elite status which is a standard benefit for most hotel credit cards. You have to spend $30,000 a year on the SPG AmEx to receive complimentary SPG Gold elite.
Hilton HHonors No fee Visa or no fee American Express = Silver 15% bonus points (normally requires 4 stays or 10 nights).
Hyatt Visa = Platinum 15% bonus points (normally requires 5 stays or 15 nights in a calendar year).
IHG Priority Club = Gold 10% bonus points (normally requires 15 nights or earn 20,000 points or pay $50 in a calendar year).
Marriott Visa (Signature or Premier) = Silver 20% bonus points (normally requires 10 nights in a calendar year).
SPG American Express is a popular card for the versatility of Starpoints conversion into airline miles at the rate of 1 point = 1 mile for about two dozen airlines. I argue this is a minor benefit for a person charging less than $5,000 per year on a credit card. The points-to-miles exchange feature of SPG is a great program benefit, but there is no need to have the SPG AmEx for that benefit.
SPG has a minimum transfer requirement of 2,500 points for SPG members without Gold or Platinum elite status when exchanging points-to-miles. At the rate of 1 point earned per dollar charged to the SPG American Express (2 points/$1 for Starwood Hotel charges), the low spending consumer needs $2,500 in spend to make the minimum transfer of Starpoints to miles.
Earning 20,000 points for airline miles with a 25% bonus (20,000 Starpoints = 25,000 miles) may be a goal that takes years of credit card spending to reach. In contrast to credit card spend, I estimate I earn about 50,000 Starpoints per year with $2,000 in hotel stays and often I earn the equivalent of many more points through SPG free night promotions.
Even though the SPG AmEx has one of the best earning rates in terms of point value per dollar charged to the credit card, the card member charging less than $5,000 per year is not getting that much benefit compared to the value of points in other hotel credit cards after spending $5,000.
$5,000 = 5,000 Starpoints = about $125 to $200 in hotel value when used for a Category 2 hotel night (3,000 Fri/Sat or 4,000 points weekday.) Use 4,800 points for Cash & Points Category 5 hotel with $90 cash and the value might be $200+ in savings for a $300 a night Starwood Hotel.
$5,000 = 5,000 Starpoints = 5,000 frequent flier miles = $50 to $100 value.
Priority Club Visa = 1 free night every anniversary year good for any IHG hotel globally. 30,000 to 80,000 points enrollment bonus has been offered in past year. I received the 80,000 points offer several times.
Hyatt Visa = 1 free night every year for a category 1-4 hotel. Enrollment bonus is two free nights at any Hyatt.
Marriott Rewards Premier = one free night every year for a category 1 to category 5 hotel. Enrollment bonus is a certificate good for just category 1 to 4 hotels and 50,000 bonus points which are sufficient for any top-tier category 8 Marriott globally and almost any Ritz-Carlton Hotel. One drawback of the free night certificates compared to Hyatt and Priority Club is a six month expiration after certificate is issued.
The value of a free night is worth more than the annual fee for these three hotel credit cards. There is no requirement to be a big spender to get good value from the Priority Club Visa, Hyatt Visa or Marriott Premier Visa cards. The fact that the earn rate in hotel points for general spend categories with these three cards is less than the value of general spend points for the Hilton American Express Surpass or HHonors no fee cards and the SPG American Express card is not a significant factor for a person who spends less than $5,000 per year on a credit card.
SPG American Express = $3,000 x 2 points = 6,000 Starpoints (two category 2 weekend nights or two category 3 Cash & Points nights).
Hyatt Visa = $3,000 x 3 points = 9,000 points (one category 2 night).
Marriott Premier Visa = $3,000 x 5 points = 15,000 points (one category 3 night).
There really is very little difference in the value of points based on $3,000 of hotel spend on the hotel chain's cobranded credit card. It is hard to argue any of these point values are significantly better than another in terms of the value of the free night earned from credit card spend.
HHonors Surpass or no-fee AmEx = $5,000 x 6 points (cable, wireless, internet, gas, groceries, drugstores = 30,000 HHonors points (one category 4 hotel night, about $150 to $200 value).
SPG American Express = $5,000 x 1 points = 5,000 Starpoints (one category-5 Cash & Points nights, about $200 value).
Hyatt Visa = $5,000 x 1 points = 5,000 points (one category 1 hotel night, about $100 to $150 value).
Priority Club Visa = $5,000 x 2 points (gas, groceries, dining) = 10,000 points (2 PointBreaks nights or Points & Cash, about $100 to $200 value).
Marriott Premier Visa = $5,000 x 2 points (airline, dining, rental car) = 10,000 points (one category 2 night or category 3 PointSavers, about $100 to $150 value).
Final Word: There are some great value credit cards for the low spender. Hyatt Visa ($75), Priority Club Visa ($49) and Marriott Premier Visa ($85) are three cards that provide a high value annual free night incentive that more than pays for the credit card annual fee. Big spenders may find great value in SPG and Hilton HHonors American Express, but these three Visa hotel co-branded credit cards will give you a hotel free night value every year for a small fee.
Thank you! Finally, someone else realizes that the SPG card isn't the right one for everybody. I could never justify it, even with the "low" spend of $4,500 in 3 months – that is more like 6-9 months spend! Couple that with only 2 people in a room for reward nights and clearly I am not the target consumer for their brand.
Superb to see an analysis for regular people. The SPG card 5,000 point bonus for transferring 20,000 is breathlessly hyped throughout the blogosphere but that is only likely to be relevant to many of us once every several years. I have been trying to compare offers with elite status and/or free nights and low fees, and you did the work for me! I particularly like the no annual fee Hilton option.
I agree. This is why I couldn't justify the SPG AX $65 annual fee, but gladly paid $49 for the Priority Club VISA renewal fee, which has no international transaction fees, and 1 free night at any IHG property.
Using my Hyatt all the time but could not find any hotels with available nights despite trying. No issue with getting my Marriott…looks like Hyatt has blackouts with its category hotels and Marriott less so. Now back to using my Marriott credit card.
Even though I'm SPG plat, I use my Hyatt card at SPG.
With Hyatt card: $3k spend (Even at SPG properties!!): 3,000 points, no foreign transaction fees.
Hyatt card at Hyatt properties abroad is the best deal of course.
I just saw my 3% transaction charges on SPG AmEx statement for June's trip to Canada.
Chase Visa with Hyatt, Priority Club or Marriott is definitely a savings on international travel.
While widely reported, why is it that I don't see the annual free night mentioned in any official Hyatt or Chase correspondence? I recently got an email from Chase asking me to join doesn't list it… and the list of benefits on Hyatt's web site doesn't mention it.
If you apply, not listed. What's up?
@SEG – I do not know the answer for why the anniversary free night benefit isn't shown on credit card website yet.
I received direct confirmation on the anniversary night benefit from a Hyatt Hotels PR contact Thursday August 4 in response to my direct question on the new credit card anniversary benefit for a free night.
May I ask how you can get 50k spg pts for $2k spent in spg hotels?
I do not want to go through my actual statements, but here is how I view a typical year's earning for hotel stays averaging $100 per night.
$2,500 x 3 points (2 base points/$1 + 1 elite point/$1) = 7,500 points.
Best Rate Guarantee claims – I regularly post about how I find BRG claims with Starwood and earn 2,000 points per BRG reservation. About 1 of 3 hotel reservations I make with Starwood are BRG claims.
8 BRG claims x 2,000 points = 16,000 points.
That is 61,000 points for $2,500 or just under 50,000 points for $2,000.
That is typical earning I see with Starwood Preferred Guest. I have lots of one night stays to earn points and I tend to burn points for extended stays and redeem lots of Cash & Points awards with my earned points.
2009 and 2011 were even more lucrative as I earned many high category free nights with SPG free night offers in addition to the points.
Wow I did not know that Priority club came with free hotel night every year. Ric does this free night also apply the first year as well? I also think Chase Sapphire preferred is great card giving two points per hotel stay (non loyalty hotels), and ability to transfer to hotel loyalty programs.
@BostonFlyer – Free night certificate is not offered as an enrollment bonus. I did just receive the 80,000 points Priority Club Visa offer again today.
"3. Free Night Certificate. Please allow 4 weeks from your account anniversary date each year for the Anniversary Free Night e-certificate to be mailed to you. ("Anniversary" is the date that is twelve months after your enrollment date, and the same date each twelve months thereafter.) Annual fee applies after the first year. For pricing details, please see Pricing & Terms. Chase may close your credit card account or suspend your right to use your credit card account, at any time for any reason, including account inactivity. A valid email address is required in order to receive your Anniversary Free Night e-certificate. The e-certificate will be emailed to the address that is on the Priority Club Member Profile at that time. You must maintain a current, valid email address in your Member Profile and opt in to receive Priority Club e-communications in order to receive the Anniversary Free Night e-certificate.
Anniversary Free Night e-certificate is valid at hotels in the Priority Club Rewards Family of Brands and must be redeemed, and stay must be completed, within 12 months from date of issue. Anniversary Free Night e-certificates are valid for one standard room night rate and applicable taxes only. Rooms are limited, subject to prior sale and availability of allocated resources and may be unavailable during high demand periods. All reservations that will utilize the Anniversary Free Night e-certificate must be booked by calling the Priority Club Service center at 888-211-9874.You must present the e-certificate at check in either in printed format or on your mobile device. E-certificates may not be transferred, extended beyond the expiration date, redeemed for cash, or re-credited for points. Individual hotel's cancellation policy applies to the use of the e-certificate. Cancellation fees apply if cancellation is made outside of the hotel's cancellation time period. Anniversary Free Night e-certificate rules and regulations are subject to change. Chase is not responsible for offer fulfillment.
4. 10% Rebate. Please allow 4-6 weeks after Reward Night stay for rebated points to be deposited into your account, and 4-6 weeks after date of redemption for all other (non-Reward Night) redemption items. Maximum number of points to be rebated not to exceed 100,000 points in a calendar year. Priority Club reserves the right to reverse rebated points when redemption item has been returned. In order to receive points for redemption rebates, you must be a U.S. Priority Club Visa Card holder and your Priority Club account must be in good standing. Chase is not responsible for offer fulfillment.
Great post Ric. I have always kept the SPG card since I like the program and it's so highly recommended, but might not renew next year due to the foreign transaction fees and just keep Priority Club and Marriott cards for the annual free night certificates instead.
I don't understand how you get 2000 points for with the Best Rate Guarantee claims. Do you mean you get 2000 points if you find a better price for the same room OR do you get 2000 points every time you book a room at the best rate? I called SPG and they didn't know anything about 2000 points.
@Bohemiana – Starwood Preferred Guest has a Best Rate Guaranteee that gives the member a choice of 10% off the lower rate or SPG matches the lower rate and gives member 2,000 Starpoints.
The best thing about the SPG Best Rate Guarantee is a member can make a claim before booking a Starwood Hotel reservation.
About 1 of 3 Starwood Hotels I stay is on a BRG claim where I found a lower rate on a different travel site, applied the BRG claim, SPG approved the claim and I received 2,000 points and the lower rate I found.
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text:
A systematic review of Toxoplasma gondii genotypes in Gallus gallus domesticus worldwide: The focus is Brazil
Webster Leonardo Costa ,
Isa Barbosa,
Débora Prado,
Natália Domann,
Hanstter Rezende
Webster Leonardo Costa
State University of Campinas
Isa Barbosa
Federal University of Goias
Débora Prado
Natália Domann
Toxoplasma gondii was initially classified in three main lineages related to its virulence: Types I, II and III. The recombination of genes during sexual cycle in felids gut led to more than 200 genotypes, found in ToxoDB database, using 11 RFLP markers. Free-range chickens are good bioindicators of soil contamination with T. gondii oocysts. In this sense, there are systematic reviews regarding data of genetic characterization of this parasite in felines and ruminants, but not in chickens heretofore, what makes this work necessary. A systematic review in the literature was performed with papers published prior to September 21st, 2020. The main inclusion criteria was the presence of T. gondii genotypes, isolated strictly from free-range chickens, in experimental works. Initially, a total of 1,343 studies related to the terms were identified on databases and 30 studies were selected to be systematically reviewed. A total of 561 isolates of T. gondii from 6,356 free-range chickens were analyzed for genotyping, revealing 190 genotypes. ToxoDB #59 and #2 were the most frequent in America, #1 was the most frequent in Africa and 3 atypical isolates from genotype ToxoDB #9 were found in Asia. There is not data from Europe and Oceania. The majority of studies were Brazilian (16/30). A total of 68 RFLP genotypes were recognized among the 561 isolates' DNAs analyzed from the 30 studies. Some studies show new genotypes never described before, which reinforces the idea that some years from now, even more new genotypes will be isolated, due to progressive genetic recombination. The large amount of undefined genotypes makes it necessary to perform Nested PCR technique when genotyping. Moreover, the lack of data in Continents such as Europe, Asia and Oceania makes it necessary to perform new isolating and genotyping studies in these places.
Peer review status:Published
10 Feb 2021Submitted to Transboundary and Emerging Diseases
02 Mar 2021Assigned to Editor
02 Mar 2021Submission Checks Completed
10 Mar 2021Reviewer(s) Assigned
03 May 2021Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
13 May 2021Editorial Decision: Revise Major
13 Jul 2021Published in Transboundary and Emerging Diseases. 10.1111/tbed.14221


text:
What Does Crab Taste Like? Your Guide to Crab Taste, Smell, Texture, Recommended Seasonings, and All Things Crab Flavor!
"Crabcakes and football — That's what Maryland does!" Growing up in Maryland, I can confirm the crabcakes part, but football…wasn't our strong suit. Wedding Crashers is a great movie, but only partly accurate with that statement.
It took my family less than an hour to get to the Chesapeake Bay, and blue crabs were available in my town, as well as pretty much every surrounding town you could find. When I meet people who aren't from the area, and those who have never tried crab, I get the same question: What does crab taste like?
The short answer: They're a little sweet, a bit salty, and somewhat mild. Overall, crab meat has a fantastic flavor profile.
And if you're planning on picking at some steamed crabs with friends – It's an experience.
Crab may be daunting to look at in its original form — and it has the potential to be dangerous to the wallet — but it is one of the tastiest and most versatile kinds of seafood on the market.
We'll walk you through taste, texture, smell, and seasonings. Dipping sauces to make your crab sing. Side dishes to make it pop. And give you all the tips you need to create your own delicious crab centerpiece.
What Does Crab Taste Like?
What Does Crab Smell Like?
What Is The Texture Of Crab?
Is Crab Healthy To Eat?
What Should I Serve With Crab?
What Does Crab Meat Taste Like When Dipped In Butter?
What Does Crab Taste Like When Dipped In Vinegar?
How Does Crab Taste With Old Bay Seasoning?
An Overview Of Crab Meat With Popular Seasonings and Dipping Sauces
Do Male Or Female Crabs Taste Better?
Final Thoughts: What Does Crab Taste Like?
Crab has a slightly sweet, slightly salty, delicate flavor that lends itself to countless herbs and seasonings. It's a bit sweeter than your average fish and has a softer, easier texture to break through than lobster.
Crab has a milder flavor than crayfish and lobster — although still along the same lines — making it ideal for those who like their seafood without the 'fishiness'.
The body of the crab is where you'll find the lump crab meat — providing the larger, white chunks of sweet crab meat. The general rule is claw meat has a very strong crab flavor, while body meat is sweeter and provides a mild crab taste.
Aside from smelling minorly like the ocean, crab doesn't have a strong smell. There may be a very faint sweet smell to the meat, but that's about all you'll get if the meat hasn't been seasoned.
Many people may associate the smell of crabs with Old Bay seasoning, as it's used very often when crabs are being steamed. Old Bay has a mix of celery salt, paprika, and other spices.
If the meat has a strong odor or smells like ammonia, the crab has gone bad. As such, it's generally a great sign if your crab doesn't have a strong smell!
The texture of any crab you cook is going to be influenced by what type of crab you're cooking (more on this in a minute), which part of the crab you're using, how you cook it, and how you prepare it in the final dish.
Let's take King crab, for example. The body of the crab will vary from flaky white to beige meat to something the texture of pate. The legs are more firm lending themselves well to salads, casseroles, fish pie, and chowders.
When boiled and dunked into an ice bath — a must to stop your crab from over-cooking — the texture can be firmer and denser. Some seasoned crab cookers liken it to the texture of lobster.
The time of year that a crab is caught can also influence the texture, since the crab's physiology changes with the seasons.
Overall, though, the body meat of the crab is richer, flakier, and softer in texture than the leg meat.
According to WebMD, "Research suggests that people who eat seafood, such as crab, at least once per week have a reduced risk of dementia and Alzheimer's disease."
Crab is a highly digestible source of protein for a balanced and nutritious diet, containing as much protein per ounce as many types of red meat — but without the high levels of saturated fat.
It also delivers other beneficial vitamins and minerals to promote bone and heart health, boost the immune system, and reduce inflammation. Crab contains:
Omega-3 fatty acids. These can help improve heart health.
Vitamin B12 and folate. These can aid in preventing anemia.
Selenium. Selenium is an essential mineral that aids in lowering the risk of chronic diseases, improving thyroid health, and maintaining healthy brain function.
Crab meat is an incredibly versatile seafood staple that has been incorporated into cuisines globally for generations.
Southeast Asian, European, Mediterranean, and coastal American communities have built their culinary reputations around crab — and here's how you can enjoy it at home.
Crab As The Centerpiece of A Meal
Wasabi crab cakes: Use spicy wasabi and the freshness of lime to bring out the sweetness of flaky crab meat.
American crab cakes: Native to the Pacific Northwest, these crab cakes mix flaked white crab meat, breadcrumbs, or potatoes, and are crumbed and fried until golden.
Crab bisque: A fancy French crab soup, crab bisque uses the flesh and shell of the crab to reduce waste and wring out every ounce of flavor.
Deep-fried soft-shell crab: Enjoy this Cajun delicacy — shell and all — with a bold dipping sauce.
Black pepper crab: This Singaporean icon involves stir-frying quartered crab with chili, salt, pepper, and Kecap Manis (Indonesian sweet soy sauce).
Durban crab curry: Surprisingly, this mild and sweet meat works spectacularly with a spicy South African curry in a tomato-based sauce.
In a word: Incredible.
The richness of butter brings out the sweetness of the crab. Butter is the key ingredient in many crab dipping sauces. And a Southern US tradition is to serve crab with a rich, buttery Seafood Boil sauce, accented with garlic, a few herbs, and spices.
For those with a taste for the extravagant, Chesapeake Bay crab can be made into a sauce with melted butter and old bay seasoning, then served over seared beef tenderloin.
Vinegar has a nice, sour taste, that pairs very well with slightly sweet crab meat.
This is my favorite dipping sauce for crab meat! My personal preference is white vinegar, but malt vinegar and apple cider vinegar also complement crab meat beautifully.
Southeast Asian dishes sometimes use Chinkiang vinegar as a dipping sauce to bring out the sweetness of the crab, while apple cider vinegar is often served alongside crab in the US.
I worked in a crab restaurant in college and Old Bay was all over the restaurant. Packages of it were stored as we went through it at a rapid pace. Many crab restaurants steam the crabs with Old Bay seasoning, to help bring out some flavor during the cooking process.
And the taste? Well, it's awesome.
Old Bay seasoning has a sweetness that comes from paprika, and a nice blend of heat from cayenne peppers. These flavors mixed with some subtly sweet crab meat make for a phenomenal combination.
Old bay seasoning gives many US seafood sauces their unique taste and is designed to bring out the delicate flavors of crab.
Aside from Old Bay seasoning, crab meat can be paired with so many classical and bold flavors:
Mayonnaise – Level up by adding a splash of brandy and ketchup
Aioli – Zesty lemon and garlic aioli brings out the best in crab
Chili butter – Lightly brown melted butter with crushed garlic and red chilies
Tartar sauce – With capers, parsley, and shallots, tartar sauce is a classic seafood pairing for a reason
There is no true distinction in flavor between the two. Some people have claimed that female crabs have a sweeter flavor, but there is no universal understanding that that opinion is a fact.
But, in the hundreds of times eating crabs in my life, I've never heard anyone ask about the sex of the crab before eating it. So don't overthink it!
Crab meat has a slightly sweet slightly salty flavor. It is an excellent protein to pair with other sauces and dishes as it complements many different flavors.
Whether you're dipping it in butter, vinegar, or some Old Bay — it'll be good. And the same goes for the way you eat the crab. If you eat the meat right out of a steamed crab or have a delicious crab cake — they're all delicious.
Insider tip: If you ever find yourself in a crab restaurant that has all-you-can-eat crabs, make sure they're not re-steaming crabs from the night before. Many places claim they don't do it, but I've seen it happen firsthand. It makes for much lower-quality meat. If there is any question around whether they're re-heated, I'd specifically ask for a set of medium, large, or XL crabs caught that morning.
Is Crab Meat Salty?
Yes, but in a subtle manner.
We describe the taste of crab as slightly sweet and slightly salty. It is far less salty than other shellfish — for example oysters and mussels — and probably most on par with crayfish.
Why Is Crab So Expensive?
Crab prices increase the further you get from the coast, as you're paying for the crab, plus the cost of storing and transporting the meat.
Processing prices also drive the price up, as crab is picked almost entirely by hand.
Crabbing and preparing crab meat (picking the meat) are both very involved processes, which drive the costs up.
What Tastes Similar To Crab?
Crayfish, lobster, crawfish, and shrimp have the closest texture to crab, but these shellfish have a slightly more savory, salty taste than crab.
The closest flavor may be Pollock, which is often used in making imitation crab.
What Do Crab Legs Taste Like?
Crab legs taste slightly sweeter than the rest of the crab and have a denser texture in general. They are also slightly salty. They almost have a buttery taste to them, very subtly.
They're often served with melted butter, which as we noted above, provides a rich flavor and beautiful complement to the flavor of crab meat.
Do Crab Legs Taste Fishy?
They shouldn't, and if they do, they've likely gone bad.
Crab meat doesn't taste as salty or fishy as other sea-dwelling snacks.
Is Crab Supposed To Taste Sweet?
Is Crab Very Fishy?
No. If it's overly fishy, it's gone bad.
How Much Meat Is In A Crab?
It depends on the type of crab and the size of the crab. However, the average blue crab is about 1/3 lb and you can hope to get about 2.25oz of meat from it.
For some people, that may be enough. But for many, if you're eating crabs, you go for 2-5 crabs. You might want to complement them with some beers, corn on the cob, shrimp, and any other sides your heart desires!
Why Does Crab Smell Like Ammonia?
In short: the crab has gone bad. This may happen due to the following reasons:
The crab may have already been dead when it was caught
The crab wasn't stored correctly once it was caught
The crab died during transportation
There are quite a few reasons. But the most important thing is that you remember not to touch it if it smells like this.
By Author Chase
Categories Crab, Seafood
Claw Crab Meat vs Lump Crab Meat: An Overview of Both, The Differences In Taste & Texture, and Substitute Options
Does Crab Make You Gain Weight? An In-Depth Look At The Impact of Crab Meat on Our Weight


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Q: Mongoose find and save, want to send the message of the error as res.json I'm setting up a new api, using a mvc pattern. And I have a problem with sending the right response to the user.
I'm updating my obj and I'm doing in 2 steps in order to take advantage of mongoose validation.
The update function is def in a repository module:
const update = (id, newBook) => {
  return Book.findById({_id: id}, (err, oldBook) => {
    oldBook.title = newBook.title;

    oldBook.save().catch(err => {throw new Error(err)});
  })
    .exec()
    .catch(err => err);
};

and my controller module:
exports.update = async (req, res) => {
  const requestBody = req.body;
  let book = await BookRepository.update(req.params.book_id, requestBody);

  if (book instanceof Error) {
    res.json(new Response(false, [], book));
  } else {
    res.json(new Response(true));
  }
};

If I do as I presented above, I cannot catch the error and send the Response.

A: Throw the err instead of catching it in your update function, then catch it in your controller.
Using a promise
exports.update = (req, res) => {
  const requestBody = req.body;
  BookRepository.update(req.params.book_id, requestBody)
     .exec()
     .then(doc => res.json(doc))
     .catch(err => res.json(err))

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange