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The Harlan J. Smith Telescope is a  telescope located at the McDonald Observatory, in Texas, in the United States. This telescope is one of several research telescopes that are part of the University of Texas at Austin observatory perched on Mount Locke in the Davis Mountains of west Texas. The telescope was completed in 1968 with substantial NASA assistance, and is named after Harlan James Smith, the first Texas director of McDonald Observatory. Smith was the Observatory Director for 26 years.

Vandalism damage
The telescope was the victim of an act of vandalism in February 1970. A newly hired worker suffered a mental breakdown and brought a hand gun into the observatory. After firing one shot at his supervisor, the worker then fired the remaining rounds into the Primary Mirror. The holes effectively reduced the  telescope to the equivalent of a 106-inch telescope (or about 2.5 centimeters less), but did not affect the quality of the telescope's images, only the amount of light it can collect.

Observations
The telescope has been used to observe many things. Some achievements includes the stars BD +17° 3248 and XO-1.

Jorge Meléndez of the Australian National University and Iván Ramírez of the University of Texas discovered the star HIP 56948 in 2007 using the Harlan J. Smith telescope at McDonald Observatory.

The Visible Integral-field Replicable Unit Spectrograph-W (VIRUS-W) (an integral field spectrograph) was used to find in 2021 that the Leo 1 dwarf galaxy contains a super massive black hole.

Contemporaries on commissioning
Four largest telescopes 1968:

See also
List of largest optical reflecting telescopes

References

Telescope Shot

Optical telescopes


The South Lakes Golf Course comprises 18 holes of lush fairways and greens. The design of the course provides golfers of all ages, with differing skill levels, the opportunity to enjoy a round of golf without the use of motorised transport. The relatively flat terrain makes the course a pleasant walk while listening to the waves crashing on the beach in the background. The course is not long but still provides a challenge to the low handicappers as accuracy is the priority, particularly approach shots to the greens.
For the avid golfer, South Lakes is a mere 20 minutes drive from the Victor Harbor Golf Club and McCracken Country Club – ideal for those who wish to stay on the South Coast and play the fine golf courses in the area. Competition days for men and women members are conducted on Wednesdays and Saturdays. Other than these days, the course is generally available for visitors, corporations and trade days, but golfers are advised to book tee times through the Pro shop. Spikes on golf shoes are not mandatory at South Lakes.
The Club is on line with the AGU Golflink system. Practice facilities include nets, a putting green, a chipping area, sand bunker and fairway. Use of your golf balls is permitted on all of the practice areas and buckets of balls can be hired from the Pro shop on competition days.
Played here last Thursday and was very impressed, I'm only a B grade golfer but found the fairways well grassed and the greens reasonably quick but true. At 5815 metres and par 70 is not the easiest course to get your pars due to almost persistent wind that blows across the course. There are 4 par 3's, of which 2 you hit into the wind and 2 with it, the par 4's tend to be straight hits either into or with the wind and 2 par 5's with doglegs. Most greens are sloped are good tests to putt on. It is a semi private course that welcomes visitors,so you won't be able to play on Sunday's till after 3pm.
very welcoming members, fairways and greens in fantastic condition.good mix of bunkers.trees and shrubs and some water hazards to try to avoid.love hitting the green on the par three fifth over the big deep bunker,feels great getting within a few meters.upgrades to course have added to the challenge,recommended to any golfer visiting the area to not overlook playing here.
South Lakes was established in the early 1960s and now measures 5815m Par 70 with four par 3s ranging from 138-170m, twelve par 4s ranging from 312-388m and two par 5s ranging from 456-495m. Course has Santa Ana couch grass fairways and teebeds which are in good condition and fairly lush. The smallish greens are mostly flat with little break and undulation in them and consist (70%) of poa grass and (30%) seaside bent grass. The green surrounds consist of mostly Kentucky bluegrass a little clover grass with some couch grass as well. In terms of hazards, there are 5 lakes/ponds on the course which I found many of the ponds/lakes not to be in general play as the wide fairways and generous rough did not punish many of my errant shots. There are 2 bunkerless holes at 3 & 4 but all other holes are bunkered with a total of 36 bunkers on the course. Highlights include: the 312m straight 2nd (index 11) which is played slightly uphill with fairway bunkers left and right about 200m off the tee with OOB homes far left and 20m long bunkerless green; the 382m slight bend left 6th (index 3) with 2 fairway bunkers off the tee to one of the largest greens on the course which is unbunkered but has ridge across the middle which slopes to the front; the 371m slight bend right 7th (index 1) with a fairway bunker right off the tee to a green with a bunker left and another 40m short right; the 495m 13th (index 16) which bends gently to the right with a pond leftside rough off the tee and another red-staked pond 40-110m short of the green on the right with greenside bunker right; and the 383m slight bend right 14th (index 2) to a green with 2 bunkers which is not visible from the tee. Course layout is flat with small sized sparsely planted tree-lined fairways with the waves being heard crashing on the beach on most holes. There are a few walks back to the tee which tries to lengthen the course. Holes 14-16 are across Billabong Road, otherwise the 15 holes on the clubhouse side of the road are nearly within sight of each other being a flat layout devoid of tall trees. South Lakes is the third shortest (longer than only Willunga & Wirrina Cove) of the 7 layouts on the Fleurieu Peninsula (others being Fleurieu, Links Lady Bay, McCracken, Victor Harbor, Willunga & Wirrina Cove). The course is not heavily bunkered, open and relatively devoid of trees layout is reminiscent of Fleurieu and Links Lady Bay layouts. The back nine is more bunkered but slightly shorter than the front nine. The par 3s are all bunkered but like the rest of the course not overly bunkered, the par 4s are all of a similar length which can play similar to the previous hole here with no long par 4 hole here. The 2 par 5s (at 3 & 13) play differently with the pick being the 13th. The course uses 3 types of water to irrigate the course: they have a water license to pump directly from the Murray River; they have access to Council stormwater run-off; and they also have access from the main town water. All explanations to why this layout is so lush year-round. Course access is from Billabong Road about 20 minutes from Victor Harbor. South Lakes is one of SEVEN 18-hole grass green courses within the Fleurieu Peninsula area which has around 50000 people. Victor Harbor has around 13000 people and is located about 85km south of the Adelaide CBD. Played here on 2nd October 2012 with $25 weekday green fees and $35 weekend green fees. Good clubhouse and practice facilities here too. Of the 3 layouts along Encounter Bay (all of which are quite lush and have good course conditioning at the moment) my pick would be Victor Harbor which is more challenging and varied than this layout.
A favourite of mine. A challenging course which will keep you guessing. The surroundings on the course change throughout, offering a different challenge at every turn. The addition of new bunkers, narrow faiways, large water hazards and encroaching boundaries make this a place for accuracy. A few holes give you a large landing area for your drives but don't be lulled into a false sense of security as this course will gobble you up and spit you out if you give it a chance. I have had some of my best and worst scores at this course but have never regretted my visit. There are fully stocked Bar & Pro Shop facilities run with friendly and helpful staff who will ensure a pleasant visit.
I played my first ever round of Golf here and it couldn't have been better. I began my round around 6pm and there was not a single sole around. The staff and even the players around the course are very helpful and are willing to give you many tips of certain holes. The fairways were a bit brown, but it is understandable considering it is summer, but the greens are a totally different story. Nice and lush. I have never seen anything like it before.
Club pro and his mother are very helpful and our quite willing to share a round and a drink with you. Provided your paying!


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Consulate of Greece in Singapore
The Greek Consulate is a diplomatic mission in Singapore and is appointed by the Embassy of Greece in the region. Below you will find the contact details of the consulate as well as the name of the Greek consul serving in Singapore.
Contact details of the Greek Consulate in Singapore
Greek Consulate General in Singapore, Singapore 896 Dunearn Road #04-08 Sime Darby Centre Singapore 589472 Singapore
hellenic@singnet.com.sg
Mr Andreas Goros - Consul General
The Greek Consulate in Singapore
is a lower level diplomatic representative office appointed by the Embassy of Greece in Singapore and is lead by Mr Andreas Goros - Consul General of Greece to Singapore.
Some Greek consulates in Singapore are honorary consulates and do not handle visa or passport matters.
Before you visit the Greek consulate in Singapore, make sure that you first check if you need an appointment.
For worldwide travel insurance including Greece and Singapore , click here
- For Greek visa applications, passports for Greece and other consulate matters related to Greece please contact the consulate in Singapore directly by telephone (+65) 6875 1205 or email hellenic@singnet.com.sg
- In Singapore you will find consulates of Greece in Singapore.
- Many other countries such as Kenya, Mali, Iceland, Belize, Burkina Faso, Madagascar, Botswana, Greece, Bulgaria, Georgia and more hold appointed consular departments in Singapore.
www.singapore-consular.com - This is not the official website of the Greek Consulate in Singapore. This website is in no way or form affiliated with the consular department of the consulate in Singapore. If you have any requirements for consular services you need to contact the consulate of Greece in Singapore directly.

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Region: USA and Canada Country: Canada Category: USV Company: Meggit Training System Canada
Type: USV Manufacturer: Meggitt Training Systems Canada Applications: military training, target, weapons testing, tracking, towing Dimensions: length: 7.23m, beam: 2.75m Weight: 2,074kg Performance: max speed: 40kt in SS3; endurance: 10kt/16hr, 35kt/8hr in SS3 Payloads: visual augmentation:, flags, flares, strobes; passive radar augmentation; active radar augmentation; video TM; scoring: acoustic, radar, scalar (micro dops), radar vector (STVS), visual (Spies) Control Station: Meggitt Training Systems Canada Universal Target Control Station, range: 10nm
South Korea Develops World's Fastest Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
Seoul, South Korea — South Korea on Wednesday unveiled its latest unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) that is the world's fastest and also the world's first remote-piloted aircraft capable of taking off and landing vertically.
MetaVR creates 3D real–time environments that provide the fidelity of geospecific simulation with game quality graphics and performance.
MetaVR will exhibit its products and technology in Booth #1249 at the annual Interservice/Industry Training, Simulation and Education Conference and Trade Show (I/ITSEC), November 28 – December 1, 2011, at the Orange County Convention Center, Orlando, FL, USA.
French Senate's Call: Buy Reaper, Not Heron UAV
PARIS - A left-led French Senate has adopted a budgetary amendment calling for procurement of the General Atomics Reaper UAV while safeguarding funds for development of a new-generation combat drone planned as a common project with Britain, the upper house said in a statement.
General Dynamics to develop countermine UUV
General Dynamics Advanced Informational Systems (GD AIS) has been awarded an $86.7 million contract by the US Navy's Naval Sea Systems Command for the design and development of a Surface Mine Countermeasure Unmanned Underwater Vehicle (SMCM UUV) system.
Sailing drones tested to clean up oil spills in swarms
Within a decade, could also monitor pollutants and endangered marine life
Unmanned Surface Vehicles – The Future of Robotic Pirate Hunters
Drone aircraft, officially called unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), are just starting to be used to spot, identify, scare pirates away, and prevent hostage situations. But what about the "latest" generation of unmanned systems, unmanned surface vehicles?
Anti-Submarine Warfare (ASW) leading the way for a new class of ocean-going unmanned surface vessels (USVs)
Northrop Grumman has been awarded a contract from the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) to develop the Anti-Submarine Warfare (ASW) Continuous Trail Unmanned Vessel (ACTUV), leading the way for a new class of ocean-going unmanned surface vessels (USVs).


Welcome to the seventh Newsletter of the European Institute of İstanbul Bilgi University. This issue which covers our activities for the past year 2014 reaches you at a particularly sad moment for all who support universal values and freedom of press. As the European Institute team, we share the grief and the sadness of our friends in France and elsewhere, while hoping that the solidarity which we have witnessed will pave the way for a better world. This issue contains information on the activities, publications, conferences, workshops, graduate programs, research, social outreach projects and opinions of our students. The highlight of this year is the revision of the e-book for high-school pupils, which is now accessible on our website: http://dijitalavrupa.bilgi.edu.tr. The revised version includes five new animations on women, children, environment, diversity and mobility, and education, and it includes one computer game specially designed for the young generations. Teachers Academy Foundation, ÖRAV, was very collaborative in the simplification of the language of units in the book. "Jean Monnet Centre of Excellence" organized two teacher training sessions in June and September to discuss "European Values at School" with the teachers. Both sessions hosted around 60 volunteer teachers, and they attended interactive seminars with academics as well as with ÖRAV. The support of the İstanbul Directorate of National Education was very remarkable. The project will continue for two more years. İstanbul Bilgi University has already been awarded three Jean Monnet Modules for highly specialised teaching on EU development in the fields of political science, economy and international relations, as well as two Jean Monnet Chairs within the European Institute and the Department of International Relations in 2011 and 2013. In addition to other news and activities that you will see in the Newsletter, we also would like to inform you that we have a new Marie Curie Fellow, Dr. Cristiano Bee (University of Surrey), to work on new global social movements in the Turkish and European context. Dr. Peter Widmann (DAAD Fellow) continues to do his research on Turkey-EU relations from the mediatic angle. Assoc. Prof. Alper Kaliber, a Marie Curie Fellow, has completed his research on the Kurdish Question and he is now teaching at Kemerburgaz University. Dr. Claire Visier (Université de Rennes 1), another Marie Curie Fellow, continues to investigate EU projects in Turkey funded under the Instrument of Pre-Accession Assistance. In the meantime, Dr. Kevin Smets (Antwerp University), is also working with us as a short-term researcher on Kurdish Transnational Cinema. In this issue, you will find various contributions of our researchers as well.


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Five talking points from stage seven of the Giro d'Italia 2020
Crosswinds provided a frantic opening to the seventh stage of the Italian Grand Tour
Jonny Long October 9, 2020 4:07 pm
Crosswinds see stage seven bookended with sprints
Stage seven of the 2020 Giro d'Italia (Photo by Tim de Waele/Getty Images)
What looked on paper to be a fairly simple gallop to the coast on the heel of Italy, culminating in a bunch sprint in the city of Brindisi, became a very different proposition when the flag dropped on stage seven of the Giro d'Italia.
The first sprint of the day happened 10 minutes into the stage as Deceuninck – Quick-Step started pushing the pace on the front of the bunch, with Jumbo-Visma following them, looking to cause disruption for their GC rivals.
And it worked, Simon Yates (Mitchelton-Scott) was immediately shelled out the back of the peloton, with Jakob Fuglsang (Astana), Rafał Majka (Bora-Hansgrohe) and Pello Bilbao (Bahrain-McLaren) also soon losing contact.
These GC riders were never going to give up the chase, though, and all but Yates were back in the bunch after 30km of hard racing with 100km to go until the finish, with the pace then dropping and Simon Yates also making it back in 20km later.
There are no days off in the battle for the overall classification at a Grand Tour, and stage seven was no exception. Another coastal route tomorrow will likely offer up a head-crosswind that could set GC nerves jangling once more before the uphill tests resume on stage nine.
Arnaud Démare makes it three
Arnaud Démare wins stage seven of the 2020 Giro d'Italia (Luca Bettini/AFP via Getty Images)
The rider who swapped the tricolore French champion's jersey for the maglia ciclamino made it a trio of stage wins at the 2020 Giro d'Italia with a simple canter to the line.
Arnaud Démare's dominance grows with each victory, naturally, as does the question of how many stages he could have taken from the likes of Sam Bennett (Deceuninck – Quick-Step) and Caleb Ewan (Lotto-Soudal) at the recent Tour de France – don't even mention the green jersey.
Not that Groupama-FDJ will necessarily be dwelling on that, though, the question now turning to one of how many stages they can take at this Giro having already put their Grand Tour demons to bed, at least for the time being.
The Frenchman eased past the rest of the field to take a second stage win in as many days, and if he can get over the category two climb plonked in the middle of stage eight he has a chance to make it three in a row and four overall.
Why so second place?
Peter Sagan at the 2020 Giro d'Italia (Luca Bettini/AFP via Getty Images)
Shaking his head across the line, Peter Sagan is becoming accustomed to second place at this Giro d'Italia, having finished behind Arnaud Démare three times so far this Italian Grand Tour.
As he tracked the Frenchman in the finishing straight, daylight opening up behind the pair, the three-time world champion barely even attempted to get past, perhaps accepting he doesn't have the legs to match the fastest man at this year's race.
After a Tour de France where he was bested by Sam Bennett in the hunt for green, much of the talk is turning to whether Sagan is past it, but what Sagan isn't doing is giving up. Should he manage to take a debut stage win some point in this year's Giro, it will be richly deserved.
Ben Swift in and amongst it
Ben Swift at the 2020 Giro d'Italia (Photo by Stuart Franklin/Getty Images)
The British road race champion's fourth-place across the line in Brindisi was his highest placing in a Grand Tour stage since the 2014 Giro d'Italia, when Swift finished second behind Marcel Kittel in Dublin.
With Geraint Thomas back home, Ineos have been left somewhat aimless in their original plans for this Giro d'Italia. Sure, Filippo Ganna's two stage wins and temporary occupation of the maglia rosa means they won't come away empty-handed, but it's hardly the redemption story they'd envisaged after their Tour de France failure.
What it does mean is that Swift will likely have the freedom to chance his arm again like he did today, having notched a few second, third and fourth places on Grand Tour stages since his first in 2009 at the Giro.
Of course, he has to get past Démare first, but if he does he would be the first Brit to win a sprint stage at the Giro since Mark Cavendish in 2013, and with Yates' form questionable at the moment, he may hold the only chance for British glory at this year's race.
More crashes yield further pain for the peloton
Patrick Gamper on stage seven of the 2020 Giro d'Italia (Photo by Tim de Waele/Getty Images)
This opening week of the Giro d'Italia has been defined by the physical harm dished out to the riders as much as it has been about their prowess on the bike.
Miguel Ángel López (Astana), Geraint Thomas (Ineos) and Luca Wackermann (Vini Zabù – KTM) are amongst the riders who've been caught up in painful incidents and left with a DNF or DNS next to their names, and stage seven saw further riders end up in harm's way.
With Jakob Fuglsang and Harm Vanhoucke (Lotto-Soudal) caught out in a crash once the peloton was all back together with 80km to go, a big tumble then saw half the bunch come to a standstill with 45km remaining.
After the earlier crosswind exploits, riders were nervous to give up their positions, meaning the pack tried to unsuccessfully squeeze through a banner without giving each other the adequate room, causing bodies to hit the deck.
Bora-Hansgrohe's Patrick Gamper was one rider caught out, displaying nasty cuts and bruises, including a deep-looking gash to his left shoulder, as he crossed the finish line.
Nearing the end of the first week of racing, the potential outcome of the GC race is still very much up in the air, and incidences like this underline just how unexpected this opening week of the Giro d'Italia has been.
Tadej Pogačar will defend title at Tour de France 2021 before taking on Vuelta a España
What counts as good for your age?


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Home>about music>Music In The University
Music In The University
Posted-on May 22, 2020 By lineBylinejimmy
Artists: Voting for DJ Mag's #1 DJ on the earth has begun One of the vital debated discussions of the yr incites folks from the whole dance music scene. As popularity grew so did the quantity of bands taking part in below the genre Alternative Rock.
My Bloody Valentine received its title from a tacky horror flick within the Eighties. With uptempos, he was fine, but those sad songs acquired him every time. On the lover half way around the world, on the time spent considering alone, with the damn disgrace of not sharing music with others. Examining the methods during which a specific model, band, or tune got here to be understood as authentic" by its fans can be a useful topic of inquiry, but any time you come throughout the word—in your or someone else's writing—you need to think about it in scare quotes and attempt to extra closely examine what the author is making an attempt to say with the word in that specific context.
Music House
Later, Schoenberg invented a new system for writing music known as twelve-tone system Music written with the twelve-tone system sounds unusual to some, however is mathematical in nature, often making sense solely after cautious examine.
Music & Letters is a leading international journal of musical scholarship, publishing articles on matters ranging from antiquity to the present day and embracing musics from classical, in style, and world traditions. Research exhibits that taking music classes predicts greater educational performance and IQ in younger kids.22 In one examine, 6-12 months-olds who took keyboard or singing classes in small groups for 36 weeks had significantly larger increases in IQ and standardized academic take a look at outcomes than kids who took either drama lessons or no lessons. It's hoped that this trend will lead to a time when classical and live performance music discover its place in mainstream society, offering all it does to extra folks.
Beliefs And Values About Music In Early Childhood Schooling And Care
In industrialized countries, listening to music through a recorded form, such as sound recording on report or radio turned more widespread than experiencing reside performance, roughly in the middle of the 20th century.
Admitting that this dialogue is completely opinion, let's start. In one of her research , she and her colleagues connected individuals to an fMRI machine and recorded their brain exercise as they listened to a favourite piece of music. In actual fact, once we debriefed the listeners after the experiment was over, they did not even recognize that we have been playing the identical piece of music," says Giant. Romantic music expanded beyond the rigid kinds and forms of the Classical era into extra passionate, dramatic expressive pieces and songs. Cooley also examines surfing contests and music festivals in addition to the music used in a selection surf motion pictures that were significantly influential in shaping the musical practices of great groups of surfers.
The music that composers and songwriters make can be heard by means of a number of media; the most traditional means is to hear it dwell, in the presence of the musicians (or as one of the musicians), in an outside or indoor house akin to an amphitheatre, concert hall , cabaret room, theatre , pub, or coffeehouse. Not solely does its uncommon rhythm intrigue me—as a musician, I still have the urge to depend it out sometimes—but it jogs my memory of the place I used to be when I first heard the track: sitting subsequent to a cute man I had a crush on in faculty.
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Кара-Чурин-Тюрк (д/н—603) — останній великий каган Тюркського каганату в 599—603 роках. У візантійців відомий як Тарду, в персів — Біягу, китайців — Тюрксанф, Дяньцзюе і Датуке-хан.

Життєпис

Ябгу-тардуш
Походив з династії Ашина. Старший син Істемі-кагана, ябгу західної частини Тюркського каганату. При народженні отримав ім'я Бугя.

Замолоду брав участь у військових походах. Перша згадка відноситься до 555 року, коли він звитяжив у війні з ефталітами. 556 року брав участь у війні проти племені абарів. 558 року брав участь у поході проти племені хіонітів, вагрів та огрів. У 560—565 роках відзначився у новій війні проти ефталітів. Також був учасником походу проти хазар.

575 або 576 року після смерті батька успадкував його владу й титул ябгу. Також отримав титул тардуш-хана (могутнього хана). Звідси походить його візантійський й перський варіант імені. Свою ставку розмістив біля гори Актаг. Уклав договір з Сасанідською Персією. До 580 року тюрки захопили Кримський півострів.

584 року надав допомогу Талоп'єну Апа-хану проти великого кагана Бага-Ишбара-кагана. Втім згодом Кара-Чурин-Тюрк замирився з останнім. Також уклав мирний договір з імперією Суй. 587 року спільно з каганом Шегу, братом великого кагана, переміг у битві біля Бухари Апа-кагана, який потрапив у полон (згодом страчений).

У 588 році вступив у конфлікт з Персією, куди відправив військо на чолі із сином Янг-Соух-тегіном. Цим вирішив скористатися новий володар Тюркського каганату Бага-каган. Проте 589 року Кара-Чурин-Тюрк завдав йому нищівної поразки. Разом з тим того ж року тюрська армія зазнала поразки від персів в битві біля Герата, де загинув син Кара-Чурин-Тюрка — Янг-Соух-тегін.

Скориставшись послабленням влади великого кагана став фактично самостійним. У 590 році вимушений був залишити Крим. 591 року надав притулок поваленому Бахрам Чубіну. У 597 році надав допомогу Тулан-кагану у боротьбі проти Ямі-кагана та його китайських союзників. 599 року Кара-Чурин-Тюрк зайняв Ордос, але в префектурі Ючжоу зазнав поразки. Але після загибелі того ж року Тулан-кагана оголосив себе новим володарем Тюркського каганату.

Великий каган
Невдовзі стикнувся з претендентом на трон — Ямі-каганом. У 600 році тюрки знову вдерлися до Китаю, але не змогли захопити столицю Чан'ань. Протягом 601 року в Ордосі відбувалися невеличкі сутички з перемінним успіхом.

Китайці вдалися до підбурення васала західних тюрків тєле на повстання. До повстанців приєдналися уйгури та сир-тардуші. Його онук Нірі-каган, якого Кара-Чурин-Тюрк призначив правителем Заходу, зазнав поразки. 603 року великий каган втратив будь-яку підтримку. Він втік до держави Тогон, де помер або був вбитий. Тюркський каганат остаточно розпався на Східний та Західний. У першому запанував Ямі-каган, в останньому — нащадки Кара-Чурин-Тюрка.

Джерела
 Denis Sinor: The Establishment and Dissolution of the Turk Empire. In: Denis Sinor (Hrsg.): The Cambridge History of Early Inner Asia. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1990, S. 285—316.
 Гумилёв Л. Н. Древние тюрки. — СПб.: СЗКЭО, Издательский Дом «Кристалл», 2002. — С. 576. — ISBN 5-9503-0031-9.
 Jean Paul Roux: Türklerin Tarihi (Historie des Turcs), tr: Prof Dr Aykut Kazancıgil, Lale Arslan Özcan, Kabalcı yayınevi, İstanbul, 2007, p 101.

Тюркські кагани

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Text-based RPGs based on LEGO themes have been around BZPower for a long time. The Alpha Team: Mission Deep Freeze RPG, one of the oldest, dates to late 2004, back when this forum was still just a part of LEGO General Discussion. In fact, the existence of a separate forum for non-Bionicle roleplaying is very new- only with the new forums have we received a subforum of our own.
Having a database of these older RPGs is a good idea, for various reasons. For one, it's our history, and it's always good to see what RPGs have been done in the past, how successful they might have been, where they might have failed, what ideas they might have attempted, and so on. Modern RPGs in these parts have frequently been designed in response to the extremely successful Dino Attack RPG (in part because they were designed by its players), which itself was based on the Alpha Team RPG from 2004. So when trying to design new games, being able to take a look at other ideas that have been tried in the distant past might be useful.
Attempts (one of which was by me, in fact, on the old forum) have been made to chronicle our history before. Unfortunately, with the loss of the archives, much of that history has been rendered unavailable. Some fragments of some games can be found in the Wayback Machine, but not much. This makes the existence of a thread where links to archives of old RPGs can be shared extremely useful.
Inspired by the Dino Attack Archive Wiki and a conversation with PeabodySam, I resolved to do what I could before the archives were taken offline permanently, which resulted in this thread- a place to maintain a list of old RPGs and links to archives (and to encourage nostalgic discussions).
Want to discuss an old RPG? Found pieces of an older RPG and would like to share them with the world? This is the thread! If you wish to discuss a proposal for a new RPG, or want to plan a new take on an old one, please use the Construction and Design thread instead.
The list of old RPGs from the old forum is complete, as of 9/25/2013!
Active: Games that are currently running. Click the links below to get started on playing LEGO RPGs!
New Forum Archive: Defunct games from the new forum; therefore their archives are open and fully available. Note that RPGs that predate a BZP forum update in late 2013 will most likely have broken formatting.
Archive and Wiki links available below under "Dino Attack"
Old Forum Archive: Defunct games from the old forum; archives of these are extremely fragmented if they exist at all. Note that, as of January 2016, the Wayback Machine server hosting many archived pages listed in this index (particularly those from 2007 and earlier, such as the lofiversions) is apparently down, and we have no confirmation if this issue will be resolved in the foreseeable future.
10/3/17: Updated Dino Attack RPG downloadable archive to version 2.0.
7/26/16: Added HF RPG 2.5 link.
6/1/16: Updated Dino Attack RPG downloadable archive to version 1.3. Moved HF RPG 2.0 to New Forum Archive and added HF RPG 2.5 to Active list (currently, only the discussion topic is available).
5/8/16: Moved Exo Force RPG to New Forum Archive.
3/20/16: Moved LEGO Dimensions RPG to New Forum Archive. Added additional archived pages to Space Police RPG and Hero Factory RPG.
1/23/16: Thanks for pinning the topic, GSR! Added additional archived pages to Exo-Force: Battle for Sentai Mountain RPG.
1/22/16: Added LEGO Dimensions RPG to Active list.
9/15/15: The Wayback Machine hosting archives from 2007, especially lofiversions, is currently down. Added HF RPG 2.0 to Active list. Added additional archived pages to Alpha Team RPG: Ogel's Last Stand.
12/17/14: Added archived lofiversion links to Johnny Thunder RPG (2005), The LEGO Island RPG, Vikings RPG, Rock Raiders RPG, Knight's Kingdom RPG, Pirate RPG, Space RPG, Exo-Force: Battle for Sentai Mountain RPG, Official Vikings RPG, Johnny Thunder RPG (2006), Aquaraiders RPG, and Aquazone RPG.
11/20/13: Added first page and page 15 to Atton Rand's Rock Raiders RPG. Added complete first page and page 4 to LEGO Space RPG. Changed Hero Factory's status from Active to Defunct.
5/10/14: The BZP Staff has failed to fix the formatting issue, so I have had to take care of it manually myself. In that time, this topic died, leaving it for reference and no longer discussion.
6/9/14: Changed Ninjago RPG's status from Active to Defunct.
Edited by PeabodySam, Oct 03 2017 - 11:09 AM.
Anyone want me to try to update the wiki for Alien Conquest, or do you guys not really care?
I updated Hirion's page. But not really.
I'm aware that the formatting for the first page has been messed up; however, Black Six says that the staff is currently working on a solution to fix this and the other formatting issues across the forum, so just for now, excuse the mess.
I hope this time they don't wait six months before telling us that it can't be fixed.
Also, one of the Wayback Machine servers is down for maintenance or something, and unfortunately it's the very server that hosts the late 2007 backups for most of the old RPG topics, which is why a number of archived links don't work at the moment. So, again, hopefully this is something that will be fixed in due time, so please be patient.
Well, considering you can fix it yourself, if they wait six months, it'll be to tell us that they won't be fixing all of the formatting themselves.
Use the button in the upper left hand corner to turn off any BBCode. Then turn BBCode back on, and most of the formatting will fix itself.
We are indeed working on it. This weekend we'll be upgrading our forum software to see if that works. If it doesn't we'll be getting additional support from Invision to resolve the issue.
Just thought I'd swing by and give this topic a quick little bump; I don't know whether or not this index would be considered exempt from the revival rule. In the old LEGO General Discussion forum, there was a pinned topic that included a list of RPGs, and pinned topics are exempt from revival... but, seeing as this hasn't been "officialized" or pinned, I can't say for sure.
Good news, however. That Wayback Machine server from 2007 that includes many of the older RPGs is back online. Still waiting for an update on the situation regarding formatting of the first post (as well as older topics on the new forums, such as Dino Attack: At War's End); although I've seen at least two attempts from the BZP staff to fix it, it seemed that both times they still encountered problems.
This is being pinned per request. If anyone would like to update the data, I'll happily edit into the first post.


Les Hill — Hello Webby!
As of this post, I am using publishing Wonderland with Webby .
1 Yes, this explains why I have not written a post recently.
2 This post was edited with MacVim.
3 I know, old school, some folks have been publishing this way for a long time.
4 Easy! A one-liner gist filter.