Who doesn't love a good cookie? I've forever been a cookie girl. I love making them, eating them, and sharing them. If I had to pick, I think peanut butter chocolate chip would definitely be my favorite, but it also depends on the time of year. There are some cookies that I'd only eat during the holidays like pizzelles or gingerbread cookies, or lemon cookies in the spring, and pumpkin cookies in the fall. No matter what, there is always a good reason to make up a batch of cookies – and gluten-free dairy-free cookies at that.
I created this gluten-free dairy-free cookie recipe roundup to be a resource for you to come back to time and time again. I wanted to show you that it IS possible to make gluten-free and dairy-free cookies – and they still taste good (maybe even better since you won't feel icky after eating them).
Whether it's for holiday cookie inspiration, making something sweet for Valentine's Day, a birthday treat, or just to share with someone you love any day of the week – there's tons of recipe inspiration inside this post just for you. I've hand-picked these 101 recipes in this gluten-free dairy-free cookie recipe roundup for a few reasons: they fit the gluten-free dairy-free needs of our diet, they're on their healthier side (as far as cookies go), and they're delicious (or at least their photos promise them to be).
As I went through finding these recipes and writing about what makes them a good pick for your gluten-free dairy-free diet, I realized there are some ingredients and tools just about any great cookie maker will need to have on-hand. Be on the lookout for the call-outs in this post to make sure you have everything you need to make gluten-free dairy-free cookies when that cookie craving strikes.
This recipe roundup is divided into 10 cookie categories: sugar, chocolate chip, peanut butter, oatmeal, snickerdoodle, no-bake, lemon, chocolate, pumpkin, and holiday cookies. There's something in here for every occasion – and something that everyone will love. Which recipe will you try?
These gluten-free and dairy-free soft sugar cookies are sweet and full of vanilla flavor. While the recipe and blog post are dedicated to holiday cookies, you can make up a batch any time of year and just use different or neutral cookie cutters.
These sugar cookies are gluten-free, dairy-free, and vegan. They only use 7 ingredients and make up to 30 cookies in one batch – talk about a time-saver for when you need to make a big batch and don't have a ton of time.
These sugar cookies are dairy-free, gluten-free, nut-free, and vegan. You use vegan butter, dairy-free milk, and gluten-free flour blend to make sure they are perfect for your GFDF diet.
These gluten-free cutout cookies are awesome for the holidays or any time of year. Just be sure to plan ahead, you'll want to refrigerate them for about 30 minutes to firm up and make them the right consistency to roll out.
These gluten-free cut out sugar cookies use Bob's Red Mill Gluten-free 1:1 Baking flour, so you don't need to worry about adding any extra xanthan gum to bind them. Be sure to swap out the butter for vegan butter and coconut milk for the whole milk that's called for in this recipe.
Everyone seems to love Lofthouse style cookies, because they're soft, sweet, and cakey. Try these gluten-free version of this classic cookie. Just be sure to swap out the butter for coconut oil, and use a vegan based buttercream for frosting.
Sugar cookies come in a ton of varieties, and for good reason – everyone likes them differently. This gluten-free version is for folks who love a little bite to their sugar cookies. To make this one dairy-free, use vegan cream cheese, vegan butter, and dairy-free milk.
If you love sugar cookies, but not the added work of refrigerating, rolling them out, cutting into cookies, and then baking – well, this recipe is for you. This recipe puts your favorite cookies into bar form. Best of all, they're gluten-free. To make them dairy-free too, just swap out the butter for vegan butter and use full-fat coconut cream for the frosting instead of heavy whipping cream.
These gluten-free cutout sugar cookies are made with all-purpose gluten-free flour, so be sure you have some on hand for these delicious treats. To make this recipe completely gluten-free and dairy-free, you'll want to swap out the butter for vegan butter and the milk for a dairy-free alternative.
These cute soft gluten-free sugar cookies are great for the holidays, but can be made year-round and made for any occassion by switching up what you put on top. Make these dairy-free by swapping out the butter for vegan butter or coconut oil and the milk for a dairy-free alternative.
These gluten-free and dairy-free sugar cookies are a healthier version of your classic sugar cookie recipe. These use coconut sugar, maple syrup, baking powder, vanilla, cashew butter, blanched almond flour, white rice flour, and potato starch. You'll love how easy these are.
These delicious chocolate chip cookies are a great recipe to add to your recipe list, because they're gluten-free, dairy-free, completely vegan, and aren't full of refined sugar. These are also nut-free, which is a bonus if you have friends who are avoiding nuts too. The secret to this recipe is mashed sweet potatoes – and they're full of good-for-you nutrients and add some natural sweetness to the cookies.
These gluten-free dairy-free chocolate chip cookies are the perfect comfort food – and are kid-approved. You'll want to be sure you have some shortening on hand as that's what's called for in place of butter in this recipe to make it dairy-free.
The best way to know if a recipe is gluten-free is to avoid flour all together if you can. This recipe does just that – you blend up some gluten-free rolled oats into your own oat flour as the base for this recipe. And you avoid the dairy entirely by using almond butter for the delicious fat content you need to make a truly delicious cookie.
These soft and chewy chocolate chip cookies are gluten-free and dairy-free. They're packed with healthy ingredidents like almond butter, blanched almond flour, and coconut flour so you can feel good about having more than just one.
Easy vegan buckwheat chocolate chip cookies call for buckwheat flour, but if you can't find that near you, you can also make your own by grinding up raw buckwheat groats in a high-speed blender or food processor. You'll want to stick with the ratios outlined in this recipe, Megan from Detoxinista says that making doubling or multiplying the ratios doesn't always turn out great. So follow the recipe and you'll be set.
Almond butter oatmeal chocolate chip cookies are a unique take on a classic chocolate chip recipe. Not only do you get gluten-free oats in this one, but you replace the butter for healthy almond butter. Best of all, there's a little hidden coconut in these for even more deliciousness.
I'm digging these almond butter chocolate chip recipes – and here's another one to share with you. These are super healthy despite being a dessert – they have almond butter, coconut oil, blanched almond flour, coconut sugar, flax meal, almond milk, and other pantry staples. You're going to love these – and sure, go ahead, have a couple.
These flourless peanut butter oatmeal chocolate chip cookies are packed with peanut butter flavor and are perfectly gluten-free and dairy-free, because they have no butter or flour. They're thick, chewy, and the perfect sweet treat to end your meal with.
These chocolate chip cookies are a true classic gone gluten-free. Make sure to measure your ingredients by weight, pick a gluten-free flour blend that you love, and swap out the butter for vegan butter, and use dairy-free chocolate chips or chunks (my favorite are the Enjoy Life brand).
Chocolate chip cookies with pecans are paleo-friendly, which means they're naturally gluten-free. These use a combination of almond flour, coconut flour, and arrowroot starch to make them gluten-free. To make these dairy-free, use vegan butter – not the butter called for in the original recipe.
These healthy peanut butter cookies are gluten-free and made without refined sugar, so you know they're good for you. Since they have gobs and gobs of peanut butter (yum!), you don't even need any normal butter at all – making them dairy-free too. Score!
Classic vegan peanut butter cookies with chocolate chips are made without any gluten, dairy, or refined sugar. Don't worry though – they're packed with flavor for peanut butter, maple syrup, applesauce, and dairy-free chocolate chips.
These vegan peanut butter chocolate chip cookies are gluten-free, dairy-free, and made with just 8 ingredients. They couldn't get much easier! Enjoy these with dairy-free chocolate chips and you'll have amazing cookies in just over 20 minutes flat!
Peanut butter oatmeal cookies with chocolate chips are gluten-free, and if you omit the Heath chips, they'll be completely dairy-free too. You can use a cookie scoop to make sure your cookies are all the same size – and flatten the dough balls so they bake up looking all the same.
These gluten-free dairy-free oatmeal raisin cookies are slightly crisp on the outside and chewy on the inside. If you want to talk yourself into a cookie being healthy, these might be your best bet. With oats and raisins, it's practically breakfast in cookie form! I kid, I kid. But really, these do look amazing.
Flourless oatmeal raisin cookies are comfort food to the max. These are soft and chewy – as the name suggests, and they're easy to make too. Be sure to look for gluten-free quick oats for this one if you're worried about any kind of cross-contamination with regular quick oats.
Everyone likes their cookies differently, and if you love chewy peanut butter cookies, this recipe is one for you. This recipe uses a number of pantry staples, so you're likely to be able to get baking any time you have a craving for them. Swap out the butter for vegan butter to make them dairy-free and glutenf-free.
These vegan oatmeal cookies won't have you missing the gluten or dairy in them. They're made with dairy-free butter, vegan eggs (flax or chia eggs), gluten-free baking flour, rolled oats, and a bit of cinnamon – plus a few other pantry staples. Enjoy them in just under 30 minutes for this yummy treat.
Here's a simple recipe to get you excited to share with your family. These peanut butter cookies are gluten-free, dairy-free, and refined sugar-free. If you love classic peanut butter cookies, this one is for you.
These are the closest to the standard peanut butter cookie I remember making as a kid. Only 4 ingredients, and they're all pretty necessary. If I were to make these, I'd probably pull way back on the granulated sugar, but overall they look divine.
Oatmeal cookies are easy with just a few healthy ingredients. Use gluten-free flour for the flour mix of your choice, and enjoy that they're also dairy-free with the use of coconut oil in place of regular butter.
These thick and chewy gluten-free oatmeal cookies remind me of my college days. After I met my now-husband for the very first time, I specially delivered via snail mail a box of oatmeal chocolate chip cookies to him in his college apartment. Cheesy, I know, and they made their way to him in a million cookie pieces, but hey! Enjoy these with dairy-free chocolate chips and vegan butter in place of normal butter for a fully gluten-free dairy-free cookie.
These protein cookies are oatmeal cookies in disguise. They get their name from eggs, nut butter, chia seeds, and sunflower seeds for a serious healthy protein punch in cookie form.
If you love oatmeal cookies, but can't decide if you like raisins or chocolate chips mixed in, this recipe is going to be your favorite. This cookie has the best of both worlds. Be sure you're ready to feed a crowd – this recipe makes 3 dozen. And swap out the butter for vegan butter or coconut oil for a fully gluten-free dairy-free cookie.
You like peanut butter, you like oatmeal… here's a peanut butter oatmeal cookie just for you. This is a gluten-free and dairy-free delicious cookie that's made using just 6 ingredeints. Just be sure if you need gluten-free oats, that your quick oats say certified gluten-free on them.
These peanut butter coconut oatmeal cookies are a unique twist on a standard peanut butter cookie – and honestly, they look incredible. These are crispy on the outside, chewy on the inside, and perfectly gluten-free, dairy-free, and full of flavor.
The fact that these peanut butter cookies have no sugar in them at all makes me believe that I could eat them every day for breakfast and never feel bad about it all. While this reicpe is sugar-free, dairy-free, and vegan, you'll need to make it gluten-free by swapping out the flour for a gluten-free 1:1 measure flour blend.
These snickerdoodle cookies are great for any time of year – even the holidays. These tasty gluten-free cookies are made with only a handful of ingredients – gluten-free flour baking mix, cream of tartar, baking soda, salt, vanilla, egg, white sugar – and butter (swap out for vegan butter or coconut oil to make dairy-free). Enjoy!
Snickerdoodle blondies are the best of both worlds if you love blondies and snickerdoodles. Without having to roll out dough, you can make these cookies into bars and layer on the classic cinnamon sugar combination right on top. You'll love these – and to make them fully gluten-free and dairy-free, swap out the butter for coconut oil.
I love cookies that can be made quickly. If I'm in the mood for cookies, that craving doesn't want to wait. This recipe is great, because I can have these done in 20 minutes from start to finish. These are gluten-free, dairy-free, made in one bowl, and actually pretty good for you!
These paleo snickerdoodles are made using almond flour and coconut oil, so you know for sure they'll be gluten-free and dairy-free. These bake up so fast that by the time you're done cleaning up your mixing bowl, you'll be ready to take them out of the oven.
These cinnamon sugar cookies aren't exactly snickerdoodles since the sugar and cinnamon are inside the cookie instead of rolled on the outside, but hey, close enough for me. These are quick and easy, gluten-free, and dairy-free.
If you love thick and chewy cookies, these snickerdoodles are right for you. These are awesome for the holidays – or really anytime. Gluten-free, dairy-free, paleo-friendly, and delicious. You're going to love this one.
Here's a new take on the snickerdoodle – injecting it with a little healthy pumpkin! These are perfect for the fall with the pumpkin and cinnamon flavors, and can be made gluten-free by using a gluten-free 1:1 measure flour blend.
These vegan snickerdoodles can be made in two different ways. These are gluten-free, dairy-free, refined sugar-free, and easy to make. So what are the 2 ways? One is a grain-free paleo version using almond flour and maple syrup and the second is using gluten-free all-purpose flour. Who doesn't love options?
These healthy snickerdoodles are gluten-free dairy-free, and sweetened with maple syrup – so no refined sugar either. Score! Best of all, these only require one bowl to put together and they bake up in just 10 minutes. My kind of recipe right here!
Low-carb snickerdoodle cookies are made using almond flour, coconut flour, coconut oil, and monk fruit sweetener to make them lower in the carbohydrate department. I'd never even heard of monk fruit sweetener until reading this recipe, but you can definitely swap it out for something you have on hand instead. These are gluten-free and dairy-free too.
I don't know about you, but no-bake cookies were a huge thing for me growing up. We made them every holiday season, but as an adult I'd stayed away from them after going gluten and dairy-free. With this recipe, I can know for sure they are safe with gluten-free rolled oats and coconut oil in place of the traditional butter.
These no-bake cookies are gluten-free with the use of gluten-free quick cooking oats. These are made with just 7 ingredients and you get your favorite chocolate peanut butter cookie without any of the hassle of baking them. Be sure to use vegan butter or coconut oil instead of regular butter with these.
Who doesn't love an easy cookie? These really take the cake – er cookie, for that matter. This recipe can be made with 6 ingredients and about an hour of your time. Seriously, if you've got a kid, they'll love making up these around the holidays or any time of year.
This gluten-free and dairy-free version of the classic no-bake cookie is made with coconut oil, sugar, chocolate almond milk, cocoa powder, peanut butter, gluten-free oats, and vanilla. These couldn't be easier – just mix all the ingredients, then toss them in the fridge to refrigerate and harden up.
Healthy no-bake cookies are awesome if you have kids – and I love this recipe, because it has no refined sugar. I'm constantly trying to lessen the refined sugar consumption in my house – on all fronts, but this recipe can definitely help me give my little guy treats without all that sugar spiking (and crashing) in his little body.
This classic no-bake cookie has been made a little healthier by making it gluten-free and dairy-free, with the help of coconut oil (instead of regular butter) and gluten-free oats. You can use cashew milk like is called for, or use any other dairy-free milk that you have on hand.
If you haven't checked out the creator of this recipe's website, I highly recommend you do. Big Man's World by Arman, is full of amazing recipes that have been health-ified and simplified. Two things I can seriously get behind. This recipe doesn't disappoint – with just 3 ingredients and no baking, you can have this treat in just a few minutes (plus refrigeration time).
Here's a slight variation on the classic no-bake cookie: use dark chocolate chips instead of semi-sweet for a different flavor profile. Just be sure whatever you use is dairy-free. These are gluten-free, dairy-free, vegan – and easy too!
I love this version of chocolate no-bake cookies, not for the specific recipe itself, but for the variations that are offered in the blog post. Like using dairy-free dark chocolate chips, swapping out sweeteners, reducing the sugar content, and adding some seed butter in place of or in addition to the classic peanut butter in this recipe.
These simple dairy-free no-bake chocolate peanut butter cookies are easy, healthy, and a breeze to make. Even the kids can get involved with adding ingredients, (supervised) stirring the pot on the stove, and using a cookie scoop to put them down on a parchment-lined cookie sheet to get them ready for the fridge. Enjoy making these with your family!
These gluten-free lemon crinkle cookies are great with a cup of coffee or tea – a perfect treat for any time of day. These are also dairy-free with the use of vegetable oil in place of where you'd normally see butter in a recipe.
Paleo lemon cookies are gluten-free, dairy-free, and vegan too. These ones are also soft and chewy and made with blanched almond flour, coconut flour, coconut oil, maple syrup, lemon zest, lemon extract, baking soda, and salt. All easy ingredients to keep on hand in your gluten-free dairy-free pantry.
Mmm.. these gluten-free lemon meltaway cookies look amazing. This recipe bakes up 18 cookies in a batch – the perfect amount for a family or to share a few too. I mean, if you have to. While this recipe calls for butter, you can try swapping out for vegan butter or coconut oil to make it dairy-free too.
I love desserts that I can make quickly and get to show off to my family as quickly as possible. There's nothing really better than a "thanks mom, you're the best!" after making something in the kitchen. That's why I love this recipe – these come together quickly, are full of lemony falvor, and you can make them a little fancier with a lemon glaze and drizzle if you want.
Lemon crinkle cookies are great with tea, but I'm sure they'll be delicious on their own or with a cup of coffee too. While you can serve these any time of year, I think that lemon cookies are just screaming out to be served in the springtime when all the flavors and everything else is bright and cheerful.
Alright, so I feel like a recipe has to be looked at pretty closely when there's a promise of "breakfast" next to the word "cookie." I need to know something is even relatively healthy if I'm going to offer it up at breakfast. And upon further investigation, these look to be pretty healthy – they're gluten-free and refined sugar-free. They can be made dairy-free by swapping out the butter for vegan butter or coconut oil.
These lemon and coconut soft cookies are vegan and paleo, meaning they're gluten-free and dairy-free too. These are made with cashews, coconut, maple syrup, coconut oil, baking soda, lemon zest, and lemon juice. Every single ingredient is healthy so I guess I can feel okay about having a few in one sitting, right?
Lemon coconut cream sandwich cookies are seriously making my mouth water as I'm looking over this recipe. These are gluten-free and dairy-free, and contain all real-food ingredients so they're something you can feel good about feeding yourself and your family. Enjoy these lemon cookies with extra lemony filling any night of the week.
These lemon cookies are great for the warmer months when everything around you is bright, warm and cheerful. These can be enjoyed any time of year too if you love lemon cookies in the dead of winter. Find a good gluten-free flour blend for these – these call for Pamela's Artisan flour blend.
Lemon cake cookies are gluten-free, dairy-free, and AIP friendly for my AIP followers out there. These have quite a few ingredients and steps, but are definitely worth it.
Chewy flourless chocolate cookies look divine. They are gluten-free and only take 5 ingredients to make – amazing! They're chocolatey, decadent, and taste like a knockoff from a super popular Starbucks cookie. Best of all, you can add a few add-ins to make these even better – click through for all the options. Make these dairy-free by using dairy-free chocolate chips.
Who doesn't love thin mint cookies? My husband almost every year taunts me with buying a box from the girls who come around to our houses asking us to buy Girl Scout cookies. Those I have to fight myself to not eat – but these… these I can get behind. They are gluten-free, dairy-free, and egg-free too.
Here's another thin mint recipe that's paleo-friendly, meaning it's definitely gluten-free and dairy-free. This one uses almond flour, cacao powder, coconut sugar, and a few other pantry staples. This recipe makes 60(!!) cookies, so you better be hungry or be ready to share!
There's a ton of no-bake cookies in this recipe roundup, but if you love dark chocolate, here's another recipe for you to try. These are different than the classic no-bake cookies and use protein powder to pump up the nutrition in every bite.
These gluten and dairy-free chocolate cookies are definitely going on my to-make list. These use a combination of oats and almond flour to make them gluten-free, and coconut oil and cocoa butter so you know they're dairy-free too.
Yummm… triple chocolate cookies get their chocolate from baking cocoa, chocolate chunks, and semisweet chocolate chips. This looks like my husband's dream cookie with chocolate stacked on top of itself. Best of all, I can feel good about enjoying some too, because they're gluten-free. And can be made dairy-free with vegan butter to replace the normal butter, and dairy-free chocolate chunks and chips.
Love brownies? Love cookies? Here's the best of both worlds right here in one dessert. These gluten-free vegan brownie cookies are chewy, fudgey cookies that taste like brownies, but are in individual portions (which I think could be good and bad, haha!). These call for a specific gluten-free flour blend, but you can easily use any gluten-free blend you have on hand or one that you like best.
These chocolate coconut flour cookies are gluten-free, dairy-free, are tender like brownies, but come in cookie form. They're amde with coconnut flour and you can make them simply on their own, or in one of two variations: double chocolate chip cookies or peanut butter cup chocolate cookies.
These chocolate sugar cookie hearts are a sweet chocolate variation on a classic sugar cookie cutout. These are great for Valentine's Day, but really with different cookie cutters, can be used for the holidays or any time of year. These are gluten-free and dairy-free, so you can feel good about them.
Triple chocolate brownie cookies are made with unsweetened chocolate, semisweet chocolate chips, and cocoa powder. If you love chocolate, you'll love this gluten-free and dairy-free treat. Of course, to make sure they're fully dairy-free, get dairy-free chocolate chips and unsweetened chocolate.
These gluten-free pumpkin cookies are perfect for the fall and winter months when you're loving "pumpkin everything." These tasty cookies are made with a frosting, but you certainly don't have to finish these off with them – they'll be sweet enough on their own.
These gluten-free, dairy-free, and vegan pumpkin cookies are awesome, because they melt in your mouth, have chocolate chips(!!) in them, and are ready in 30 minutes. These are awesome for the fall – or any time of year, if you love pumpkin through and through.
These date pumpkin cookies are perfectly healthy and are gluten-free, dairy-free, and AIP compliant. These are made with super nutrient-dense ingredients like pumpkin puree, banana, coconut butter, coconut flour, and apple cider vinegar – among others. Check this one out to get your pumpkin fix!
Soft-baked pumpkin oatmeal cookies are great for the fall, and are soft, chewy, and perfectly sweet. They're also gluten-free, and can be made dairy-free by swappintg out the butter for vegan butter.
Love pumpkin spice lattes like just about everyone else in the world? Try these pumpkin spice latte cookies. These are a delicious cookie made up of almond butter, blanched almond flour, pumpkin puree, and espresso powder – plus a cinnamon cream cheese frosting on top (it's dairy-free too!).
These pumpkin bars are gluten-free, dairy-free, and made in just one bowl! If you love pumpkin, you'll love this recipe – not only for the pure pumpkin flavor, but because they're healthy and made from real ingredients and no sugar. You don't have to feel bad about enjoying more than one of these.
I love desserts that are easy to make AND have the bonus of being healthier than your run of the mill recipes. This pumpkin spice protein cookie doesn't disappoint. In this snickerdoodle-inspired cookie, you'll get the benefits of a super healthy cookie made from real ingredients, plus the protein-packed punch from vanilla protein powder.
These fall-inspired pumpkin spice cookies are loaded with pumpkin and pumpkin spice. You'll love whipping up a batch of these gluten-free cookies that are low in sugar, and can be made dairy-free by swapping out the butter for pumpkin puree.
Paleo pumpkin snickerdoodles are an awesome combo of pumpkin cookies and the classic snickerdoodle cookies so many of us grew up with. These are great for fall and a serious comfort food, but you won't have to feel bad enjoying them. They're gluten-free, dairy-free, and made with no eggs.
Have you tried those Rx Bars that are out on the market? They're similar to LaraBars and made with minimal ingredients – all healthy whole-food ingredients to. This recipe is a 'copycat' recipe to a pumpkin version of this protein bar – and it's made with almonds, cashews, dates, egg white powder, pumpkin spice, salt, and canned pumpkin. They couldn't be easier, because there's no baking involved either!
Gingerbread is the quintessential holiday flavor – and these delicious chewy gluten-free chocolate gingerbread cookies are a new take on that. I've never thought to combine chocolate and gingerbread flavors before, but these look insanely good. Believe it or not, they're actually healthy too.
These chocolate sugar cookies are perfect for baking up for the holidays and gifting to friends. They're simple to make, look great cut out into any shapes, and best of all, don't require any chill time so you can get on with the baking even sooner.
If you're a fan of biscotti around the holidays, try your hand at these homemade dark chocolate rosemary raisin biscotti. They're naturally gluten-free and dairy-free, and packed with loads of holiday flavor.
My husband is the peppermint mocha's number one fan. Don't believe me? He orders them year-round. Yep, peppermint mochas in June, August, and even in the 'pumpkin everything' season. These peppermint mocha brownie cookies are going to be his favorite on this list – and they make me happy too, since they're gluten-free and dairy-free.
Filled cookies are like little pies in cookie form. You make the dough and filling separately, and even though they taste like cookies, they lend the whole pie-in-your-hand idea. Enjoy this gluten-free dairy-free cookie when you're looking for something a little different to share with your family and friends during the holidays.
My grandma had a pizelle maker when I was little and every year would bake up a batch for my family. I haven't had even one since going gluten-free and dairy-free years ago, but now I can share this recipe with her – or borrow her maker – and try this one out. This recipe calls for eggs, maple syrup, coconut oil, vanilla extract, gluten-free flour, and baking powder – it couldn't be easier.
These gingersnaps are made with just 6 ingredients – and are so soft, you won't be crunching them up all over your clothes or need a big plate to go underneath to catch the crumbs. Enjoy these gluten-free dairy-free cookies any time of year – but especially around the holidays when everyone loves the gingerbread flavor.
Raspberry thumbprint cookies are definitely going on my "to make" list this year since we have loads of raspberries growing in our garden in the summer. Even come winter time, I still have tons of frozen raspberries and raspberry jam begging to be used. These are gluten-free and dairy-free, so I'll be giving these a try really soon.
These candied ginger molasses cookies are awesome for holiday eating and sharing. They're made with real food ingredients like molasses, almond butter, ginger, eggs, cinnamon, and unrefined sugar. These cook up in under 30 minutes and of course – are gluten-free and dairy-free.
We love amaretti cookies in our house, but I haven't ever tried making them myself. Now that I have found this recipe that's gluten-free and dairy-free, I'll definitely be giving them a go this holiday season – and maybe even baking up some extra to share.
So 101 gluten-free dairy-free cookies under your belt, are you feeling inspired to hop into your kitchen and make some for yourself or to share? I hope after seeing all these cookie options that you can now see that you still can indulge in tasty cookies even on a gluten-free and dairy-free diet. What seems counterintuitive – no butter or sugar in cookies?! – these gluten-free dairy-free cookies are made to suit your diet, taste good, and make sure you get your cookie cravings met.
If you loved this recipe roundup, I'd love for you to share it on Pinterest and Facebook, or send it to a friend. And if you'd like to receive more information on going (and staying) gluten-free and dairy-free, I'd love to have you join me inside my free workshop, GFDF Made Easy. Enter your details below for instant access.


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Q: What's the correct way to set Blazor Webassembly environment? My goal is to be able to change the environment name from configuration file. If the server is configured for X, then the client should also use X environment.
You know, in ASP.NET we can use launchSettings.json to configure IIS server to Development, and the "real" server which is published to Production. The WASM client should see the same configuration. I would like to configure the environment only here to reduce the resik of forgetting something when publishing the server.
There are multiple articles describing Blazor environments, but I'm confused setting it up correctly.
To get the environment saw by the client, I added this line to the Client/Program.cs file:
Console.WriteLine("Using environment " + builder.HostEnvironment.Environment);

Experiemets:

*

*If I change the Server/launchSettings.json/profiles/IIS Express/environmentVariables/ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT from Development to Production, the website simply won't load (returns 404).

*In some other cases, ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT is just ignored / not accessible by the client.

*

When running an app locally, the environment defaults to Development. When the app is published, the environment defaults to Production.

That's true sometimes for me, but not always. Some cases the environment is Production even if I run locally.

*Blazor.start({ environment: "Staging" }); described in this article has no effect. Also that takes a string, how could I pass the server side config variable's value?

*Using web.config, I can always overwrite the environment name. There's two problems:

*

*Why maintain another configuration file? There's already launchSettings.json, and the server will depend on that file. As far as I know, I can't reference other settings from the web.config file.

*It's really not the blazor-environment header which controls the environment name. Why?

*

*Remove web.config

*In Server/Startup.cs, add:
app.Use(async (context, next) =>
{
    context.Response.Headers.Add("blazor-environment", env.EnvironmentName);
    await next.Invoke();
});

*In Chrome DevTools, I can see the value of the header is indeed Development. But the client prints Production.

*If the header is ignored, why would I set it in web.config? It it's set, but the clinet WASM project doesn't read the header, how else it knowns the name? Is the referenced Blazor WASM JavaScript file changed, the environment name is compiled into that?

*There is also Client/launchSettings.json generated, which seem to be completely ignored.

*There are at least 10 ways described to get the environment name. Some use appsettings.json (which is separately download, or IWebAssemblyHostEnvironment, or IConfiguration, or Razor component ect. All I want is to read the global environment name in C# code parts.
I guess this chaos comes from the fact Blazor was changed in the recent years. I'm a bit lost. Which one should I use? Which should always work? Can I get rid of the need to change both web.config and launchSettings.json?

A: If your wasm is hosted by an asp.net core app, the call to
app.UseBlazorFrameworkFiles();

should add the headers required automatically.  You can check this by looking at the headers passed back in a network monitor for the blazor.boot.json file, which is the request that blazor uses to read the blazor-environment header from.
Note that in the sample where you manually added that header, if you didn't add it before the 'AddStaticFiles', that header probably would have been added to your index page, but NOT the blazor.boot.json file, so it would have had no effect.
One other thing to take note of is that the call to app.UseBlazorFrameworkFiles() MUST go before app.UseStaticFiles().  That one tripped me up, hopefully that helps anyone who comes in here searching for an answer :)
ref:
code where blazor wasm reads header: https://github.com/dotnet/aspnetcore/blob/5fed81205944c528cbf7bb3a4ce369ca37bd3676/src/Components/Web.JS/src/Platform/BootConfig.ts#L29

A: I'm using Blazor Server and not Blazor Web Assembly, but I'm thinking you can do what I do and just set the environment in the ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT variable.  When debugging in Visual Studio, set the variable in the launchSettings.json file (note if you have multiple profiles such as IIS Express and YourProject, the variable should exist for each profile (best to keep the value for the variable the same)).  When running the app on a server, the ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT variable should exist as an environment variable on the server (VM or physical on-prem etc) or for Azure Web Site (aka Azure App Service) as a variable under Settings->Configuration.  Note for environment variables you typically have to log out the runtime user and restart the service before the new value will be read.
If you have code such as env.IsDevelopment(), env.IsStaging(), or env.IsProduction, you will need to use the standard environment names (Development, Staging, and Production).
For Blazor Server, inside Program.cs CreateHostBuilder method where you call Host.CreateDefaultBuilder(args).CongigureWebHostDefaults(webHostBuilder =>
you can read the environment variable this way:
ConfigurationBuilder = new ConfigurationBuilder()
.AddEnvironmentVariables("ASPNETCORE_");

const string aspnetCoreEnv = "ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT";
var environmentName = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable(aspnetCoreEnv);

Now add the appropriate appsettings file containing the environment name:
ConfigurationBuilder.AddJsonFile($"appsettings.{EnvironmentName}.json", true, true);

var configuration = ConfigurationBuilder.Build();
webHostBuilder.UseConfiguration(configuration);
var hostBuilderEnvironmentSetting = webHostBuilder.GetSetting(WebHostDefaults.EnvironmentKey);
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(hostBuilderEnvironmentSetting))
    webHostBuilder.UseSetting(WebHostDefaults.EnvironmentKey, EnvironmentName);

If you are using Startup.cs, then you can use constructor injection so you can access the environment within Startup:
public Startup(IConfiguration configuration, IWebHostEnvironment hostingEnvironment)

If Blazor Web Assembly configures differently, maybe you can still achieve the equivalent logic to make it load the appsettings that match the environment.
With this approach, I have not encountered issues where the app does not identify the environment properly.  I don't have a web.config file so haven't needed to maintain values there.  The only "won't load" issue I have hit was in Azure where my publish config specified a "Microsoft Identity Platform" which references an Azure App Registration and that app registration didn't have under Redirect URIs a Web Platform with URI for my environment-specific app service.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Long-term asbestos exposure increases the risk of a person to develop mesothelioma cancer.
Mesothelioma cancer is a disease that affects the pleural linings of the lungs, which also causes other pleural disorders. Not much have been studied about how the disease develops in the human body after a long time of asbestos exposure. The risk of developing mesothelioma cancer is determined by the period of exposure to asbestos, the frequence, the type of asbestos fibers that the person is exposed to, and the concentration.
Of the cancer patients, majority of them are employees frequently exposed to asbestos for more than 15 years or more. They start to develop general symptoms like tightness of the chest, weight loss, loss of appetite, shortness of breath. Ultimately, the symptoms manifest into mesothelioma cancer.
Experts and scientists have long recognized the threat of asbestos to the human health. Largely, because these smallest of fibers are lodged within the lungs. Long-term asbestos exposure hastens the accumulation of these fibers when they are inhaled. Asbestos has been in use widely as an industrial material at the start of the 20th century. As more and more industries proliferated, the use of asbestos became a commonality which has a direct effect on the statistical rise of patients with mesothelioma cancer.
One problem that face scientists is that the disease can be hardly detected at its onset, primarily because mesothelioma cancer manifests only after a period of more than ten years, depending on patient's exposure to asbestos.
Once a person is afflicted with the disease and confirmed by an accurate diagnosis, the patient has a fair number of treatment options, like radiation therapy surgery and chemotherapy. Although treatment results vary on a case to case basis, scientists are not sure if positive results will continue over long periods of time.
Exposure to asbestos is not only confined to industrial place, it is also present in school areas, insulation materials, offices and, especially in construction sites. Even in our own homes, asbestos is present in some products that we buy like roofing materials, adhesives, electrical wiring and thermal paper products. It is just that significant exposure to it will increase an individual's risk to develop mesothelioma cancer.
Lately, there have been asbestos related lawsuits filed in court due to some companies' irresponsible handling of asbestos material. In fact, there have been evidences of the danger of long-term asbestos exposure as early as the 1950s, but there have been some cover-ups which kept these out from public awareness. At present, large amount of information are already available to the public. Awareness to the disease helps in reducing the number of people diagnosed with mesothelioma cancer due to asbestos exposure. It pays to be informed.


text:
Community Colleges Promoting Careers in Public Health
Twenty-one community colleges were awarded grants from the League for Innovation in the Community College to conduct activities during this year's National Public Health Week and/or World Health Day to promote awareness of careers in public health. The grants are part of the League's ongoing Community Colleges and Public Health initiative, which centers on education and career pathways for public health in community colleges. As part of the initiative, the League is partnering with the Association of Schools and Programs of Public Health (ASPPH) to focus on creating a community college culture of health.
Community colleges that received grants proposed activities ranging from guest speakers, displays, and demonstrations to week-long information campaigns and production of a career-focused public health public service announcement. Proposals reflected the variety of career opportunities in public health, including, for example, its role in community health, consumer awareness, first-response, environmental health, epidemiology, zoonotic disease, mental health, nursing, nutrition, chemical dependency, health policy, prenatal and infant care, and elder care.
During Public Health Week, ASPPH, in partnership with the League and the Society for Public Health Education, hosted a webinar for community college educators titled, "This is Public Health Education: Helping Your Students Become Part of It." Click here to view a recording of the webinar.
The colleges submitted reports on their activities in late May and the League will post additional information about their National Public Health Week/World Health Day programs later this month. The colleges that received grants are Arkansas State University Mountain Home, Atlanta Technical College, Bristol Community College, Camosun College, Central Carolina Technical College, Chandler-Gilbert Community College, Cleveland State Community College, Community College of Allegheny County, Cuesta College, Cuyahoga Community College Metro Campus, Dona Ana Community College, Hartnell College, Hinds Community College-Utica Campus, Kirkwood Community College, LaGuardia Community College, Mid Michigan College, Montgomery College, Panola College, Thomas Nelson Community College, Tri-County Technical College, and Queensborough Community College.
The grant program will continue for the 2020 National Public Health Week/World Health Day, with up to 60 grants available to community colleges to support activities that promote public health career awareness among their students. Information on the 2020 grant program and proposal process will be available beginning July 1, 2019, on the League website and in the League Connections newsletter. The deadline for submitting proposals is October 15, 2019.
Learn more about the League's Community Colleges and Public Health initiative here.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
The Bell Peter Kinder "I believe what I write to be the truth...every man who is not indifferent to the truth has a weakness for spreading it about."
- Alexander Herzen (1863)
We Shall Sing to the Nazis What We Cannot Say to Them: Verdi at Terezin
Published April 30th, 2015 by Peter Kinder
Kingman, AZ: Old Mohave County Jail, 4/23/15
A 'defiant requiem' seems a contradiction. But not when a chorus of 100 Jews interned at Terezin in 1944 sang Giuseppi Verdi's 'Messa da Requiem' to their Nazi captors and to Red Cross representatives visiting this Potemkin labor camp.[1]
Murray Sidlin has created an astonishing concert program, 'Defiant Requiem: Verdi at Terezin'. It received a performance at Boston's Symphony Hall on April 27 that I will never forget. [N.B.: My cousin, Marc Heller, was the tenor soloist, and a fine job he did.]
If you are in range of San Diego, May 7, its next performance, don't miss it.
'Requiem Aeternum…' begins the Latin mass for the dead:
Eternal rest grant them, O Lord;
and may light perpetual shine upon them.[2]
That beautiful, comforting prayer contains a sting, one marvels the SS did not feel, when it was sung by slave laborers whom all knew were shortly to die. And sing it they did 16 times, though the chorus was reduced by transports to Auschwitz.
Their captors cared little what the Jews of Terezin did in their spare time, so long as it didn't include rebellion. It was the inspiration of Rafael Schächter, a Czech then about 38, to create a chorus to 'sing to the Nazis what we cannot say to them' in the words of a Christian service.
Conductor Murray Sidlin happened on this story and found surviving members of the chorus. (Two graced the performance in Boston.) From interviews with them, he constructed three narrative voices which interrupted the music of the Requiem, as the priestly celebrant would in a church.
In these interjections, the story of Schächter and Verdi in Terezin unfold aided by film of three choristers in great age and of the ghetto – as the camp was called – in early summer 1944. Of course, the tale is moving, compelling. But it's how Maestro Sidlin tells it that gives the performance its unique force.
In a mass sung in church, when the choir ends a section, there is a pause – a space for the worshipers to gather their thoughts, to relax – before the priest begins to speak or chant. To see what I mean, take a listen to the 1964 Solemn Pontifical Requiem Mass in memory of John F. Kennedy which is both historically significant and movingly celebrated.[3]
But Sidlin offers not a second's respite.
I'd never much cared for Verdi's Requiem.
I can't say why, but for the first time I really heard it in this performance. Hearing it segmented as it may – or may not – have been intended gave it a life I hadn't recognised in the continuous recordings I'd heard so many times.
And placed in a dual political context – the one Verdi intended in 1874, the memorial to the poet of Italian nationalism, Alessandro Manzoni and the one in 1944 in which Rafael Schächter found himself trapped – gave it a meaning far beyond its timeless words.
What struck Schächter was the Requiem's anticipation of God's judgment particularly in the long section of the mass called the Dies Irae (Day of Wrath). They were words the Catholics amongst the Nazis and, later, the Red Cross would have heard several times before.
It was to the Dies Irae Schächter referred when he told his choristers, 'We will sing to the Nazis what we cannot say to them.' In part, the 13th century hymn says:
Death and nature shall stand amazed
when creation rises again
to answer to the Judge.
A written book will be brought forth
which contains everything
for which the world shall be judged.
And so when the Judge takes his seat
whatever is hidden shall be made manifest,
Nothing shall remain unavenged.[4]
As brilliant as the music was, I cannot praise highly enough the stagecraft of Monday evening's performance.
Twice, the sound of European steam engine whistles – shreiks from Shoah I will always associate with transports – punctuated the end of a choral segment. That just shouldn't work. But it did.
At perfectly chosen moments, the orchestra silenced yielding to a piano, an instrument not in Verdi's scoring. At Terezin, it was the only instrument Schächter had. Its solitary sound from an invisible source reminded me I was in no sense experiencing a re-enactment.
Dressed in black, all on stage made a somber presence. At the performanc's end, a message flashed on the screen asking for no applause but a moment of silent reflection.
We had just watched clips from the film of healthy inmates working, eating, playing, that the SS had staged. Immediately after its completion, the film maker and everyone recognisable in it had been packed in freight cars and sent to their deaths. The obscenity!
Sitting in the twilight eyes drawn to the screen, I didn't realise for some seconds that the concertmaster, Herbert Greenberg, had begun an eery, yet catchy, violin solo, the tune I learnt afterwards to a setting of the Kaddish, the mourners' prayer.[5]
As this haunting melody absorbed the motionless audience, the orchestra left by the stage doors while the chorus walked through the floor and out the Hall's back doors softly humming the tune of the solo.[6]
The screen's instruction was just right, albeit superfluous. I couldn't have clapped. I couldn't move.
'Defiant Requiem: Verdi at Terezin' program for April 27, 2015, Symphony Hall, Boston, Mass., unpaginated. I have relied on the program for this review. Only where there is a hyperlink or a footnote have I used other sources. I wish the Defiant Requiem Foundation had included the program's text on its website.
Id. The uncredited translation of the Mass's text here is more faithful, more lovely, than this one on the University of California at Davis website.
I can't resist plugging this remarkable recording. Richard Cardinal Cushing, a distinctive voice of Boston's Irish past, celebrated the mass which took place two months after the assassination. A man I admired greatly, Erich Leinsdorf, led the Boston Symphony Orchestra and three choruses in the Mozart Requiem. He had fled Austria just ahead of the Nazis. I still find his recordings interesting. I miss his occasional columns and reviews for the Boston Globe.
Program, op. cit. The Wikipedia entry for 'Dies Irae' offers two subtly different translations, different from the one quoted as well. It's a model entry.
Annoyingly, the Program did not list or credit the incidental music.
In his fine review for the Boston Globe on April 30, Jeffrey Gantz says the audience eventually applauded. There was a smattering, quickly dissipating.
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Peter Kinder
Cross-Cultural Exchange Family - Mine Music Nazi Era Opera Peace & War Religion Shoah slavery Vietnam War Work
Promising Renewed Greatness: Slogans from Two Insurgents
Cassius Marcellus Clay & Violence at Political Rallies
'45 Years' Less Five Shattering Days
The American Woman in Hitler's Tub: Lee Miller at the Imperial War Museum
'4 Children FOR SALE'
Peter Kinder on Amos Fortune (1710-1801): An American Life
Crystal on Amos Fortune (1710-1801): An American Life
Ralph Meima on '4 Children FOR SALE'
Bill Schubart on '4 Children FOR SALE'
Larissa on Change for the Famous Dead: What Gives?


text:
Cas Mudde, Contributor
Associate Professor in School of Public and International Affairs, University of Georgia
The Hungarian Referendum: A Defeat for Orbán But Will Anyone Profit?
It was supposed to be Viktor Orbán's masterstroke: a referendum on the EU quota plan for refugees. Last year he had already laid the groundwork by using the "invasion" of "migrants" into Hungary to create an Islamophobic frenzy in his own country and challenge German Chancellor in the European Union - by cramping thousands of refugees in Keleti Station in downtown Budapest as refugee centers in the outskirts of the city stood largely empty. This year a referendum on the ill-fated EU quota plan was supposed to kill two birds with one stone: the EU's "pro-multicultural" policies and the Movement for a Better Hungary, better known as Jobbik, Orbán's biggest electoral competitor.
The plan seemed both simple and perfect. Just like Greek premier Alexis Tsipras had done in July 2015, Orbán chose an unpopular, but by and large no longer relevant, EU plan to increase domestic support and use that to challenge the EU. The referendum made the prime minister the personification of the state, leaving no space for domestic opposition. After all, anyone who opposed the referendum supported not just "multiculturalism" but also the EU over the own "nation". Both would be electoral suicide for Jobbik, which is supposed to be the real radical right party in Hungary - but is increasingly outflanked by Orbán's Fidesz party.
Over the past months the Fidesz government spent millions to make sure that Hungarians were terrified of "migrants" - Orbán refuses to consider them as refugees - by a state-sponsored fear-mongering campaign of billboards and mailed propaganda that made bogus claims about no-go zones, sexual assaults, and terrorism in Western Europe. The increasingly streamlined media enthusiastically joined, having been made fully dependent upon state sponsoring. Even earlier today, as it became clear that turnout was going to be low, state television interviewed a "migrant" in Belgrade who said he was expecting "good news" from Hungary soon - a not very subtly hint that a defeat of the referendum would mean another "invasion" of (Muslim) migrants.
However, this time the skilled populist had misread his people. As polls had been indicating throughout the day, the referendum did not meet the required 50 percent turnout. Even though almost all voters rejected the EU quota plan (98 percent), as had been widely expected, less than 40 percent of Hungarians electorate came out to give a valid vote. Not completely surprising, as even the referendum on EU and NATO membership didn't have a turnout of 50 percent.
Obviously, the Hungarian government is going to emphasize the percentage of people who voted nem (no), but let there be no mistake, this is a clear defeat. Orbán has been emphasizing that the EU refugee policies are an existential and urgent threat to Europe and Hungary. He has thrown his whole illiberal state apparatus behind the campaign. And, still, only a minority of Hungarians bothered to come out and vote.
How should we interpret the outcome of this much-anticipated referendum? Obviously, it doesn't mean that the majority of Hungarians now supports the EU quota policy or is open to refugees and migrants. All polls show that Hungarians are among the most prejudiced people in the EU (generally only beaten by the Greeks). Like most European elections and referendums, this was mostly a (non-) vote on domestic politics. A large part of people who oppose refugees showed that they oppose Orbán even more. They didn't want to strengthen his hand, even if it could help keep "Hungary for the Hungarians."
While only a minor victory, given that the EU quota plan was already outdated before the Hungarian referendum was even held (another similarity with Tsipras' 2015 referendum), it is an important opportunity for liberal democrats in Hungary and the European Union to finally develop a constructive and coordinated alternative to Orbán's illiberal democracy. Hungary's leader might be a master in exciting and expressing widespread prejudices, he is as vulnerable to overreach and popular dissatisfaction as other politicians. But without serious opposition, he will remain unchallenged, even in the wake of defeats.
Hungary Viktor Orban Referendum Migrant And Refugee Crisis European Union


With the sequel confirmed and on the way, getting into Ittle Dew now is the perfect time. I had always meant to play this game but only now did I ever give it the chance.
Maybe it was the Adventure Time style and humor that put me off, leading me to believe this game would be a nonsensical game without any logic. It is nonsensical, in a good way, but the puzzles and gameplay are finely crafted with various solutions in an otherwise illogical adventure.
The story for Ittle Dew is simple: Beat things up and solve puzzles. And then you have weirdo, meta characters and conversations that take slight jabs at the game itself. The interactions with Tippsie (the flying fox) and Ittle are my favorite bits in the game, mostly because of how cynical and arrogant Tippsie comes off. If you do like the weirdness humor of Adventure Time or Regular Show, then you'll probably find the other characters entertaining. I had one or two laughs as I liked the small world of the game, but I didn't find anything too interesting or memorable.
Where the story and the characters were lacking, the puzzle/adventuring aspects of the game were what sold me on the game itself. And not on my first playthrough but my third one as well. You are given a stick to start with that can temporarily be set on fire. You later can get a Flame Scimitar (like the stick but stronger and always on fire), the Portal Wand that can create blocks and teleport things, and a Freeze Wand. Some items have some synergy between them that becomes useful when solving a room when you only have two items.
In order to beat the game, you only require two out of three items; however, on your first playthrough, you will want to collect all three items to 100% the game. Not only would you want to do this for achievements, but after each item-boss, there are extra dungeons that teach you more in-game mechanics through smaller, harder puzzles. The only reward worth caring about is the heart-notes for extra lives; the cards are added in for flavor, but it's the practice of familiarizing yourself with the mechanics and experimenting with your tools are the real rewards for the challenge. They're all centered on the item you bought and they're all completely optional, so the puzzles are a great method of teaching the player how to play the game better.
Once you have all three items, and you think you're smart enough, you can then tackle the Master Cave. You might think these challenges begin fairly simple (for the first four or five rooms), but the later challenges will test your reflexes as much as your puzzle-solving skills, sometimes in really convoluted ways. I'll admit I had to use a guide because some solutions were so specific to the millisecond I wouldn't be able to figure it out on my own. Although the payoff for completing the twelve hardest puzzles of the game is anticlimactic (as well as the boss-fight), this part of the game will teach you skills you were not even aware of you had all the time with a given tool (or combination of the two).
A complete playthrough, on a (mostly) blind run, will take you about four to seven in-game hours depending on how stubborn you are to avoid a guide. The real fun of the game comes on your next three playthroughs.
As mentioned before, the game is designed for you to complete the game with two out of three items. Backtracking for the items is less tedious as you'll most likely be able to solve the professional shortcuts after the Master Cave. Navigating through the Castle with a limited amount of items is the real challenge. The game forces you to tackle certain rooms for enough loot for what you need while also figuring out how to reach the final boss-room. The final boss fight is tailored to whatever items you have, although the fight is much shorter as a result.
Unfortunately, as a result of not having enough items to do everything, your playthrough from 4 to six hours goes down to less than fifteen minutes to three hours at most as a result of handicapping yourself. These shorter runs are still worthwhile because the game takes previous challenges and does a new spin on them, and some rooms are probably impossible (but you won't' know until you try), so these playthroughs are not worthless.
I just wish there was some way to still 100% ALL rooms with these limitations. No run will match the first one in length or for completion, and they feel tailored for speedrunners alone. (I'm not a fan of speedrunning my games; I prefer to take my time and relax).
"Eh, 3 out of 5 at best."
This isn't my score of the game, but I think that line quite sums up my thoughts. The game has great potential to expand upon, but the shortcomings on the more interesting playthroughs make me hopeful for more polish from a game that is already nicely polished.
If you enjoyed this Ittle Dew review, you're encouraged to discuss it with the author and with other members of the site's community. If you don't already have an HonestGamers account, you can sign up for one in a snap. Thank you for reading!
I sunk quite a few hours into this game. The puzzles were actually quite difficult. I never finished it though; I just found the whole experience to be a little bit flat. The dialogue wasn't funny enough and there was really no story to sink your teeth into.
None of the material contained within this site may be reproduced in any conceivable fashion without permission from the author(s) of said material. This site is not sponsored or endorsed by Nintendo, Sega, Sony, Microsoft, or any other such party. Ittle Dew is a registered trademark of its copyright holder. This site makes no claim to Ittle Dew, its characters, screenshots, artwork, music, or any intellectual property contained within. Opinions expressed on this site do not necessarily represent the opinion of site staff or sponsors. Staff and freelance reviews are typically written based on time spent with a retail review copy or review key for the game that is provided by its publisher.


text:
In the Name of Lebanon, the Guardians of the Cedars
and the Free Lebanese Voices.
We call upon the free world, to look and analyze the situation of Lebanon in general and in particular the situation in south Lebanon.
The free world celebrated the Israeli withdrawal from south Lebanon on May 24th 2000 by pushing Israel to implement U.N resolution 425 that called on the Israeli troops to pull out of Lebanon, and the deployment of the Lebanese army in south Lebanon.
Part of the UN resolution 425 was a directive to the United Nation's Peace-Keeping mission in Lebanon to check and re-check the borders and finally to make sure that the 425 was implemented after Israel's withdrawal.
On the other hand the United nation plus the free world, starting with the United States of America, France and Great Britain neglected to push or pressure the Lebanese government from deploying in the south.
Results: the deployment of Hizballah (the group that the US State Department identifies as a terrorist group involved in the kidnaping of the American and European journalist in the mid 80's in Lebanon) throughout the region Israel withdrew from, violated international Peace by having violent demonstrations, throwing stones, and Molotov cocktails on a daily basis at the Lebanese Israeli borders, invading Israeli territory and kidnaping 3 Israeli soldiers from within Israel.
Now, HizbAllah terrorists are infiltrating the Christian villages of South Lebanon and installing their missiles between the civilian homes, supposedly for the protection of the civilians in South Lebanon.
Finally: we ask president Clinton of the USA, Chirac of France and prime minister Tony Blair of England and U.N security general Mr. Koffy Anan to wake up and think of us as people who deserve to live as one of your children; we deserve a better attitude from your governments; our kids deserve a better future; we have not done any thing wrong; we were born under the Israeli occupation of Lebanon and that was not our choice. They call us traitors in Lebanon; they are humiliating our children and loved ones in the Lebanese prisons for no valid reasons..
The Israeli withdrawal was suppose to be a good thing, a liberation for our land from the occupier, instead it made our land a killing ground for Hizballah and Syrian intelligence. Our people are suppressed and frightened, with two thousand of our young men in prisons. Hizballah dominates the area, and women and children are terrified by what they see on a daily basis: (Moslem militant signs and banners). Hate is directed at these helpless targets, for the Islamic radicals know they are the wives and children of "traitors" and now these hapless victims must witness the sight of missiles and cannons placed between their homes.
President Clinton, would you allow Chelsea to be living in such an environment? Then why should our kids? The answer for this whole situation is within your capacity to solve as president of the mightiest power on earth.
A member of the Guardians of the Cedars.
USA, 10-10-2000


text:
Q: How to redeclare the annotation when inheriting a component in Modelica language? I want to modify the annotation part when inheriting a component in Dymola, but I am not sure if Modelica supports this kind of manipulation.
My question is :

*

*Does Modelica allow this kind of manipulation?

*How should I modify the appearance if I can't modify the annotation part when inheriting a component?

A: If you want to 'redraw' the icon of a model extending from another model you can use the following annotation
model ExtendedModel
  extends BaseModel annotation (
      IconMap(
        extent={{-100,-100},{100,100}},
        primitivesVisible=false),
      DiagramMap(
        extent={{-100,-100},{100,100}},
        primitivesVisible=true));

  end ExtendedModel;


text:
The festivals's focus mission empowerment is about courageous and strong women who empower themselves in order to make the previously unthinkable things possible:
CHOLITAS – Jaime Murciego / Pablo Iraburu, Spain / Bolivia / Argentina, 2019, 82 min, documentary.
Five Bolivian women participate in a unique expedition. As a symbol of liberation and empowerment, they decided to climb the highest mountain Americas together, the 6961 m high Aconcagua in the Argentine Andes. And they will do so in their traditional Bolivian costumes.
9 DAYS IN RAQQA – Xavier de Lauzanne, France, 2020, 89 min., documentary film
30-year-old Leila Mustapha is Kurdish and Syrian. She was elected mayor in Raqqa, the former capital of IS and current war ruin. Defying patriarchal structures, she dedicates herself to her mission: rebuilding the almost completely destroyed city, and establishing democracy.
LUCHADORAS – Paola Calvo / Patrick Jasim, Germany, 2021, 92 min., documentary film.
This documentary portrays three female wrestlers in Ciudad Juárez, a city in Mexico known for its high incidence of femicide. Through lucha libre fighting, they seek to escape low-paid factory work and, with great courage and fighting spirit, present a new image of what it means to be a woman in Mexico.
WRITING WITH FIRE – Rintu Thomas / Sushmit Ghosh, India, 2021, 93 min, documentary.
"Journalism is the essence of democracy," says Meera, a journalist and head of India's only newspaper run by Dalit women ("untouchables," "casteless"). Together, they fight for their rights through investigative journalism and do not let patriarchal structures or hostility deter them from their path.
➞ Weitere Neuigkeiten
Save the Date: 22nd Women's Worlds Film Festival from 26.10-02.11.2022
Festivalschwerpunkt rights & religion
Festival focus #bornequal – livefree


text:
ESG Investment
BOK tells institutions to cut exposure in high carbon sectors
Ik-Hwan Kim
Mar 25, 2021 (Gmt+09:00)
lovepen@hankyung.com
The Bank of Korea Governor Lee Ju-yeol
The Bank of Korea has asked the country's financial institutions to reduce exposure in economic sectors that generate high levels of carbon emissions.
The central bank said that South Korean financial institutions are taking inadequate action toward carbon neutrality, in its regular Financial Stability Report released on Mar. 25.
"While the country is moving fast forward with carbon neutral policies, driving the prevalence of ESG measures throughout the society, financial companies are taking inadequate action in the area," said the report.
The report estimated that the amount of exposure of the financial industry – banks, insurers, securities firms, asset management firms, pension funds and other financial institutions – in nine high carbon sectors totaled 411 trillion won ($362 billion) as of 2020 year-end.
The amount of financial exposure is calculated by adding up loans as well as stock and bond investments.
The 2020 figure has increased by 9.6% or 36 trillion won ($31.7 billion) compared to 2014 exposure at 375 trillion won ($331 billion).
The high carbon sector accounted for 17.4% of the total exposure of domestic financial institutions as of 2020 year-end at 2,358 trillion won ($2.1 trillion).
The nine high carbon sectors categorized by the central bank are: primary metal; coal power; non-metallic minerals (such as cement); chemical; coke and oil refining; transportation manufacturing (such as shipbuilding); textiles; and metal processing.
By sector, financial institutions' biggest exposure was in the chemical sector with 102 trillion won ($90.0 billion), followed by coal power with 91 trillion won ($80.2 billion), primary metal with 59 trillion won ($52.0 billion), transportation manufacturing with 46 trillion won ($40.6 billion) and metal processing with 42 trillion won ($37.0 billion).
By financial institution type, banks were exposed with 251 trillion won ($221 billion), insurers with 88 trillion won ($77.6 billion), pension funds with 18 trillion won ($15.9 billion) and other types of financial companies such as savings banks, securities firms and asset management firms with 54 trillion won ($47.6 billion).
Compared to 2014, the banks' exposure in high carbon sectors decreased by 21 trillion won ($18.5 billion), whereas that of the non-bank financial institutions increased by 58 trillion won ($51.1 billion).
By financial product, loans accounted for the highest amount of the exposure with 247 trillion won ($218 billion), followed by 87 trillion won ($76.7 billion) worth of stocks and 77 trillion won ($67.9 billion) worth of bonds.
PRESSURE ON FINANCIAL INDUSTRY TO FURTHER ESG ACTION
The Bank of Korea evaluated that the domestic financial companies are not keeping up with the growing global trend of ESG investing.
Global financial institutions are leading the ongoing investment paradigm shift towards ESG, with Norway's sovereign wealth fund and Goldman Sachs having already begun making investments based on ESG data.
Blackrock last year fully excluded from its portfolio the companies that generate more than 25% of their revenue from thermal coal production.
The central bank projects that the domestic financial institutions may face risk from difficulties in drawing funds within and outside Korea, if they do not cut exposure in high carbon sectors.
The Bank of Korea's financial stability report also expressed concerns regarding the rapid growth of household and corporate debt.
The ratio of household and corporate debt to the country's GDP in 2020 was 215.5%, up 18.4% from 2019 and the highest since the central bank started recording the statistics in 1975.
Write to Ik-Hwan Kim at lovepen@hankyung.com
Daniel Cho edited this article.
Korea's Mirae Asset to start digital asset business
Kospi in lethargic trade ahead of LG Energy debut
Korea's defense companies emerge as coveted growth stocks
Mirae Asset's global ETFs top 100 trillion won mark
BOK restores interest rates to pre-pandemic level


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News Politics Violence
Security forces burnt 160 homes in Chhattisgarh village in March 2011: CBI
October 24, 2016 Editor	0 Comments	Adivasi, Bastar, Tadmetla
by Dipankar Ghose , Utkarsh Anand
Chhattisgarh: Presenting a status report on its investigation, the CBI informed a bench led by Justice Madan B Lokur that "160 houses in village Tadmetla were completely burnt during the police operation."
Contradicting the state police which claimed that Naxalites had set 160 houses on fire in Tadmetla village in Chhattisgarh's Sukma district, the CBI has held security forces responsible for the tragedy in March 2011.
Presenting a status report on its investigation, the CBI informed a bench led by Justice Madan B Lokur that "160 houses in village Tadmetla were completely burnt during the police operation." Seven special police officers (SPOs) have been chargesheeted in the case and the CBI says it has evidence of the "involvement of 323 SPOs/policemen" and 95 CRPF/COBRA personnel.
The CBI has also chargesheeted 26 Salwa Judum leaders for an attack on the convoy of Swami Agnivesh two weeks after the incident when he was trying to reach the villages to provide relief.
These leaders hold local positions in political parties like the BJP and the Congress, with some also part of pro-police groups active in Bastar such as Vikas Sangharsh Samiti, Agni, and the now disbanded Samajik Ekta Manch. The Salwa Judum and SPOs have been declared illegal by the Supreme Court in a batch of cases led by social activist and academic Nandini Sundar.
Sundar had argued that during operations between March 11 and 16 in the villages on Morpalli, Tadmetla, and Timmapuram, more than 250 homes were burnt, three men were killed and three women were raped. In July 2011, the court ordered a CBI inquiry into these incidents and three final reports were submitted to the special CBI court in Raipur earlier this week, and then produced before the bench on Friday.
On Friday, Solicitor General Ranjit Kumar and Additional Solicitor General Tushar Mehta apprised the court of the filing of the chargesheets in three cases and closure reports in two cases.
As Mehta submitted that the real solution to the problem (of Naxalism) was not in the courtroom but "somewhere else", the bench observed there should be efforts to resolve it. "You may get a Nobel Peace Prize for this…why don't you try? Whosoever does it will get the Nobel," remarked the bench.
The court told Mehta about the message from the 2016 Nobel Peace Prize for the resolution of the Colombian government's war with FARC, (Revolutionary Armed Forces of Columbia, a guerilla movement). It said somebody, who made such an efforts here, could also get one day the coveted honour. It also directed the CBI to provide copies of investigation reports to the Sundar and others. The Indian Express has accessed relevant portions of these reports.
One of the reports says that the tehsildar of Konta subdivision had visited the villages in March 2011 to assess losses because of arson and found that out of "207 villages, 160 houses in village Tadmetla were completely burnt during the police operation and thereafter (the) civil administration of District Dantewada provided relief to all the affected villagers."
In 2011, Sukma had not been carved out of Dantewada as a separate district. The report goes on to say that investigations disclosed that villagers said they had seen ex-SPOs, now police constables Madkam Bheema, Vanjam Deva, Telam Nanda and Telam Kosha, apart "from others acting in furtherance of common intention to beat/torture villagers and set their houses on fire."
The SPOs have been charged under Section 326 (voluntarily causing grievous hurt by dangerous weapons or means), and Section 436 (mischief by fire or explosive substance). The report added that further investigations in respect of remaining offences or accused persons will continue.
On the attack on Swami Agnivesh on March 26, 2011, the report says his vehicle was stopped at Dornapal on the way to Sukma. "On instigation of the Salwa Judum members, the mob surrounded the vehicle and raised slogans against Swami Agnivesh. The mob picked up the stones lying on the road for repair purpose and started pelting indiscriminately at all the vehicles parked there including the Scorpio in which Swami Agnivesh was sitting," the CBI report said.
It added that the police quickly took charge of the situation after vehicles of the convoy as well as those belonging to the media were damaged. The charges have been framed under sections relating to rioting, voluntarily causing hurt, wrongful restraint and other related sections.
A press release issued by Nandini Sundar and Swami Agnivesh said that while the cases of rape and murder were still under investigation, the CBI enquiry has exposed the police lie that the houses were burnt by the Naxalites and, instead, shows that these unlawful activities were carried out by the SPOs/police/CRPF. It also points to the concealment of rapes and murders by the Chhattisgarh police, the statement said. When contacted, Inspector General of Police Bastar Range SRP Kalluri, who was the SSP Dantewada in March 2011 said," I would not like to make any comment at all on this issue." Vishvaranjan, who was Director General of Chhattisgarh Police at the time but has since retired said, "If the investigation has found this, then the natural consequence of this report is for the accused to be prosecuted."
The article has been republished from The Indian Express October 22, 2016.
← Komaram Bheem: A forgotten Adivasi leader who gave the slogan 'Jal Jangal Jameen'
Jharkhand: One killed in police firing during Adivasi 'Akrosh rally' against land ordinance →
ADIVASI STUDENTS IN TELANGANA CALL FOR FORMATION OF 'NATIONAL ADIVASI STUDENTS FORUM'
October 3, 2018 October 23, 2018 Editor	0
सरनेम में क्या रखा है? उत्तर छतीसगढ़ के आदिवासियों के इतिहास पर चिंतन
March 26, 2019 March 26, 2019 Akash Poyam	2
Waterfalls, tribals and animals be damned: Why the proposed Athirapally dam is a disaster in making
March 29, 2017 March 28, 2017 Editor	0


Quirt and Brody have a fan site at Facebook!
Suki, Quirt and Brody don't get to take their horses on this trip, but still manage to get into plenty of trouble. This time they have an adventure of the supernatural kind with Josie Taboo and her ghost hunters.
Even the additional, armed ranch hands and the new security system weren't enough to protect his family and Mark became more determined to put an end to Rotter's attacks. While the rest of the family was gone to San Francisco, Mark Farnsworth and Donna Evans, Brody's mother and Sheriff's deputy, stayed in Arizona to track down Otto Rotter.
But unfortunately, Otto Rotter was already a step ahead of them. He already had new plans to ruin Mary's career and destroy her family.
Rotter was no longer in Arizona. He heard about Mary's trip when he had one of his thugs hacked her email. He set out for San Francisco to get there before she did, planning to use a demon spell that he put into action weeks before. The family members and friends find themselves in the kind of bad trouble that could destroy the strongest of friendships and even bring an end to their lives.
To celebrate Suki's fifteenth birthday, Quirt plans a trail ride and cookout, but their outing is cut short by an encounter with a rattlesnake. With no adults around to help, they have to cope on their own. Suki has an unusually severe, strange reaction to the snake venom, and they find out it was a very unusual variety rattlesnake. After a couple of weeks of recovery, Suki is still upset by all that has happened in her recent past. She gets mad at Quirt and runs off during a desert thunderstorm. The boys find her, but all three are unexpectedly captured and tortured by a mad scientist. This is the first in a series of stories about Suki, Quirt and Brody.


The problem is our use of petroleum.
There are a number of reasons to oppose the Keystone XL Pipeline, including the risk of pipeline oil spills, health hazards affecting local communities, greenhouse gas emissions from extraction of the oil sands, potential damage to Native American and Indigenous Canadian sacred sites. While a decision not allow the Keystone XL Pipeline would alleviate some of these problems, it wouldn't solve the fundamental problem -- which is our dependence on oil -- any more than passage of the Eighteenth Amendment to the US Constitution eliminated our problems with alcohol.
According to the US Energy Information Administration (EIA), in 2009, 72 percent of the petroleum consumed in the US was consumed by the transportation sector, and 94 percent of the energy used by the transportation sector was from petroleum. We can't reduce emissions from petroleum by shutting off the pipeline. We can only reduce emissions from petroleum by reducing our consumption.
Public transit is one way to achieve that objective. Signup and show your support for better public transit!


So, this is my 200 post according to WordPress. Is there a better way to celebrate it than wearing one of my favorite skirts, my current favorite blouse, my favorite boots, and the love of my life colored tights! However, as it is getting pretty late in the evening here, I gonna keep it short today, and I want to save all the good points about this outfit for a series of posts about how to dress for a curvy body. But it will have to wait until I have submitted all the grant applications. And since I need to continue that work tomorrow, I probably need to go to bed now. By the way, believe it or not these photos were taken at 8 am, and it was almost as dark as it looks in the pictures, but not as cold as it looks.
I am linking up to Visible Monday at Not Dead Yet Style hosted by the stylish Patti!
This entry was posted in Stylish winter outfits, What to wear in the office winter time and tagged blouse, Boots, Cardigan, curvy body, denim, denim skirt, grey, mustard, snow, style, winter. Bookmark the permalink.
37 Responses to 200 posts!!!!!
I love all of the colors in this outfit. It looks great on you. Happy 200!
The boots are great, Anna. Your ruffled cardigan is really pretty too.
It does look very cold! I really like the street lamps in the background; the whole backdrop to your picture is simply lovely.
Thank you Lisa! Our courtyard actually look nicer with snow than without snow. The strange thing with the snow is if it is not wind the snow makes the air feel a little warmer than if there would not had been any snow. But that is my opinion.
Congrats! Love that gold colored top. So pretty.
Thank you Marla! I love the top very much too, maybe it is good that I have to wash it regularly otherwise there would not be any new outfits to post!
Jean, what do you have to offer instead? I take anything that includes sun, but if you have rain I gonna stick with the snow 😉 Thanks for dropping by!
Love these colors, Anna — stay warm my stylish friend! Thanks for linking up to Visible Monday.
Thank you so much Patti! You do know that you host the most friendly blog party on the web, don't you?
Thank you Rachel! It means a lot to get this comments from the queen of bright color mixing! As I say, more color to the people!
Congrats! And there is nothing better than a denim skirt!
Congrats on 200 posts…it is good to mark blogging milestones. You are doing a great job!!
Thank you so much Pam! Your comments always cheers me up!
love the color block – congrats on 200!
Lovely colors you've got going here! I love your sweater! Have one very similar in style and color.
200 posts is monumental. Congrats!
My dear Anna! I can see why these are your favorites. The mustard top is amazing and also the denim skirt. I love the grey cardigan with the ruffles, it is so feminine and works so well with the other parts. You look so fabulous!
It was such a nice break to read everyone's lovely comment after a loooong day at work!
The best part of the outfit is the red tights peaking out from under your skirt. Very pretty outfit!
Thank you Debbie! Red cheers up most outfits I think.
I agree with Debbi, the best part of your outfit are those amazing red tights, they bring your entire outfit to a whole new level, great choice! But I should add the mustard shirt looks great with your cardigan, really your whole outfit is just all around cute.
Thank you Trina, I agree the tights makes a difference!
I love primaries with gray(s) … especially when they end up looking cute together. I'm wrestling with the color of tights to go *with* a red sheath this week … thanks for the hint. Have a great week in spite of the snow!
Thank you Jan, I hope you will post some photos. Ohhh… it is very cold, but that give me an excuse to stay inside and work on my grant applications instead.
Thank you Sarah! Then we have something more in common, except both of being style bloggers, polka dots and sheer fabric are my absolute favorite items (and denim skirts and colored tights). Actually, it is not polka dots on the blouse, but small little flowers, but it does not show. Flowers are fine too!
Dear Anna, congratulations! Very well done! You look great in this outfit, I can see that you love wearing it. Grey and mustard are beautiful colours on you.
It does look as if Sweden isn't as cold as Denmark these days – damn that wind! Do you have snow enough for skiing? Or just for a game of throwing snow balls?
Thank you Tine! It is actually very cold, although it was not that cold when these photos were taken. I also suppose that the extra isolation I have achieved the last months makes me freeze less 😉 It is actually pretty much snow, but since I have been sitting on my bump most of the time this month writing grant applications, I have not been able to enjoy the good sides of the winter very much!
First off, congratulations on two hundred posts, that really takes quite a bit of time and dedication to get to that mark.
I wanted to say thank you so much for you sweet comment over on my blog and how fun it is to see another cold climate gal in the style blogging community! (It can be a challenge trying to dress cute in the cold weather with all of the snow and the uncute layers of clothes it takes to stay warm.) You have such an adorable sense of style and I love how you play with bright colors, the yellow blouse with your red tights is so fun and really perfect for winter time.


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Report: Mobile marvels
Finishing the job
Mobile-phone access will soon be universal. The next task is to do the same for the internet
Sep 26th 2009 |
HOW long will it be before everyone on Earth has a mobile phone? "It looks highly likely that global mobile cellular teledensity will surpass 100% within the next decade, and probably earlier," says Hamadoun Touré, secretary-general of the International Telecommunication Union, a body set up in 1865 to regulate international telecoms. Mobile teledensity (the number of phones per 100 people) went above 100% in western Europe in 2007, and many developing countries have since followed suit. South Africa passed the 100% mark in January, and Ghana reached 98% in the same month. Kenya and Tanzania are expected to get to 100% by 2013.
Even 100% teledensity does not mean that everyone has a phone, because many people have several handsets or SIMs. But nor is everyone a potential customer: the under-fives, for instance, still usually manage without. But at current rates of growth it seems likely that within five years, and certainly within ten, everyone in the world who wants a mobile phone will probably have one. 3G networks capable of broadband speeds will be widespread even in developing countries, and even faster 4G networks will be spreading rapidly in some places. Then what?
The next task, says Mr Touré, is to ensure that everyone who wants to can use mobile technology to access the internet. Like many in the industry, he predicts that this will be done using low-cost laptops, or netbooks, connecting to the internet via mobile networks. "Mobile broadband will become a global phenomenon—it will be the dominant form of broadband," says Informa's Mr Jotischky. He thinks there could be 1.4 billion mobile-broadband subscribers by 2014.
Meanwhile, with the falling price and size of laptops and the advancing potential of mobile phones, the two seem to be converging in a new range of devices that combine the power and versatility of a computer with the portability of a phone. Already, netbooks can cost as little as $200, making them cheap enough to be given away with long-term mobile-broadband contracts in some countries, just as mobile handsets already are for some users. Mobile phones, it seems, are the advance guard for mobile-broadband networks that will extend internet access to the whole of mankind.
The combination of mobile broadband and cheap netbooks will resolve a long-running argument within the technology industry about the relative merits of computers and mobile phones as tools to promote development. Leading the computer camp is Nicholas Negroponte of the Massachussetts Institute of Technology, the man behind the $100 laptop. He and his followers argue that bringing down the cost of laptops, and persuading governments in developing countries to buy and distribute millions of them, could have enormous educational benefits.
Critics of his scheme argue that it makes more sense to spend $100 on a schoolhouse, or textbooks, or teacher training, than on a laptop. And advocates of mobile phones, including Iqbal Quadir, who has sparred with Mr Negroponte on the subject, point out that mobile phones provide immediate economic benefits, which enables them to spread in a self-sustaining, bottom-up way, without the need for massive government funding. Mr Negroponte responds that mobile phones are not much use for education; Mr Quadir replies that thanks to economic development driven by mobile phones, parents can afford to educate their children. The argument, having rumbled on for years, has now ended in compromise.
On the face of it, those in the mobile camp seem to have won. Mobile phones are now seen as a vital tool of development, whereas Mr Negroponte's laptop project has failed to meet its ambitious goals. But although his engineers have so far only managed to get the cost of their elegant laptop down to about $150, they have shown what is possible with a low-cost design, and helped create today's vibrant netbook market. If netbooks do indeed become the preferred devices to access the internet in the developing world, Mr Negroponte will have had the last laugh. But if those netbooks turn out to be, in effect, large mobile phones with keyboards that access the internet via mobile networks, as also seems likely, Mr Quadir and his camp can claim to have won the day. Technological progress in devices and networks seems to have rendered the debate moot: the important thing is that internet access will be on its way to becoming as widespread as mobile phones.
Obstacles remain even to universal mobile access, and beyond that to universal internet access. One problem is a lack of backbone links, particularly to Africa. But a series of new cables is in the works to improve Africa's connectivity with the rest of the world, increasing capacity and reducing the cost of internet access. The first of these, the SEACOM cable, eastern Africa's first modern submarine cable, was completed in July.
As international links improve and network equipment becomes cheaper and more effective, it will not be difficult to provide a low-cost mobile-broadband service, says Vodafone's Mr Colao. The main challenge will be to reduce the price of access devices. "We need to come up with a mobile-data device that costs $60-80 maximum," he says. "Netbooks are very good, but we need an emerging-market netbook that costs one-third of the price." With phones, he observes, "we got real penetration when we got below $35. Netbooks must be below $100 in price to get real traction." This will require advances in neighbouring industries, such as chipmaking and manufacturing, rather than telecoms, he points out.
The rise of the village netbook
In the meantime, notes the Grameen Foundation's Mr Cantor, the internet equivalent of the village-phone model could provide a stepping stone to wider internet access in the poorest areas, just as village phones did for telephony. The Grameen Foundation has already experimented by giving netbooks to a few village-phone operators in Uganda so that they can sell internet access as well as telephony. Despite the relatively slow connection provided by Uganda's 2G mobile networks, demand for the service proved to be stronger than expected, and revenues were double the level required to make the service self-sustaining.
Christine Zhen-Wei Qiang of the World Bank notes that internet-kiosk operators in India are charging small fees for access to government services online. This makes such services easier to get at, prevents officials from extorting bribes and provides an income for the kiosk operator, "so there is a revenue-generating model," she says. It might make sense to offer microfinance loans to entrepreneurs to buy netbooks and provide information services. Many of the methods used to make mobile phones more widely available seem likely to be applied to extending internet access in the future.
As Ms Qiang's research shows, access to the internet can provide an even bigger boost to economic growth than access to mobile phones. But to make the most of the internet, users have to have a certain level of education and literacy. Its effect on development may be greater in the long term, but is unlikely to be as sudden and dramatic as that of the spread of mobile phones in the first decade of this century.
In the grand scheme of telecoms history, mobile phones have made a bigger difference to the lives of more people, more quickly, than any previous technology. They have spread the fastest and proved the easiest and cheapest to adopt. It is now clear that the long process of connecting everyone on Earth to a global telecommunications network, which began with the invention of the telegraph in 1791, is on the verge of being completed. Mobile phones will have done more than anything else to advance the democratisation of telecoms, and all the advantages that come with it.
This article appeared in the Special report section of the print edition under the headline "Finishing the job"
From the September 26th 2009 edition


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Home AI
Microsoft's AI Model Outperforms Humans In Natural Language Understanding
Microsoft on Tuesday announced that its AI model has surpassed humans In Natural Language Understanding (NLU) With SuperGLUE benchmarks.
According to Microsoft, Natural Language Understanding (NLU) is one of the longest-running goals in AI (artificial intelligence), and SuperGLUE is currently among the most challenging benchmarks for evaluating NLU models.
The SuperGLUE benchmark consists of a wide range of NLU tasks, including question answering, natural language inference, co-reference resolution, word sense disambiguation, and others. The Redmond tech giant took the causal reasoning task as an example.
Given the premise "the child became immune to the disease" and the question "what's the cause for this?," the model is asked to choose an answer from two plausible candidates: 1) "he avoided exposure to the disease" and 2) "he received the vaccine for the disease."
While it is easy for a human to choose the right answer, it is challenging for an AI model. To get the right answer, the model needs to understand the causal relationship between the premise and those plausible options.
In order to better handle benchmarks, Microsoft updated the DeBERTa (Decoding-enhanced BERT with Disentangled Attention) model by training a larger version that consists of 48 Transformer layers with 1.5 billion parameters.
DeBERTa is a Transformer-based neural language model pretrained on large amounts of raw text corpora using self-supervised learning. Like other PLMs, DeBERTa is intended to learn universal language representations that can be adapted to various downstream NLU tasks.
The DeBERTa model of AI now scores 89.9 in SuperGLUE for the first time in terms of the macro-average score while the ensemble model with 3.2 billion parameters scores 90.3 outperforming the human baseline by a decent margin (90.3 versus 89.8). The model also sits at the top of the GLUE benchmark rankings with a macro-average score of 90.8.
This is not the first time that an AI model has outperformed human baselines. Google's 11 billion parameter "T5 + Meena" model surpassed the human baseline with a score of 90.2 on January 5, which was outperformed by Microsoft's DeBERTa model on January 6.
Microsoft is integrating DeBERTa into the next version of the Microsoft Turing natural language representation model (Turing NLRv4). The model will be trained at large scale to support products like Bing, Office, Dynamics, and Azure Cognitive Services, powering a wide range of scenarios involving human-machine and human-human interactions via natural language (such as chatbot, recommendation, question answering, search, personal assist, customer support automation, content generation, and others) to benefit hundreds of millions of users through the Microsoft AI at Scale initiative.
According to Microsoft, compared to Google's T5 model, which consists of 11 billion parameters, the 1.5-billion-parameter DeBERTa is much more energy efficient to train and maintain, and it is easier to compress and deploy to apps of various settings.
"DeBERTa surpassing human performance on SuperGLUE marks an important milestone toward general AI. Despite its promising results on SuperGLUE, the model is by no means reaching the human-level intelligence of NLU. Humans are extremely good at leveraging the knowledge learned from different tasks to solve a new task with no or little task-specific demonstration. This is referred to as compositional generalization, the ability to generalize to novel compositions (new tasks) of familiar constituents (subtasks or basic problem-solving skills). Moving forward, it is worth exploring how to make DeBERTa incorporate compositional structures in a more explicit manner, which could allow combining neural and symbolic computation of natural language similar to what humans do," the company added.
Microsoft has released the 1.5-billion-parameter DeBERTa model and the source code to the public.
Microsoft's Project Latte To Bring Android Apps To Windows 10
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