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Commons: 14 May 2008
Volume 475: debated on Wednesday 14 May 2008
The Secretary of State was asked—
Fine Payment Defaults
Mr. David Anderson
(Blaydon) (Lab)
1. How many people were in custody in Northern Ireland for defaulting on fine payments at the latest date for which figures are available. (204415)
The Minister of State, Northern Ireland Office
(Paul Goggins)
Today 30 people are in prison in Northern Ireland for fine default. Although the numbers can fluctuate and at any time be quite low, fine defaulters represent about 2,000 prison receptions per year. Next month, I shall begin consultation on a range of proposals for dealing more effectively with fine defaulters.
Before putting my question to the Minister, may I ask the whole House to condemn unanimously the attack on a PSNI officer earlier this week? We send our support to all parties that have condemned the attack and we send our best wishes to the police officer and his family.
Will anything be done to disincentivise the sending of fine defaulters to prison? At the moment, that seems an easy option. Nine in 10 people in prison for defaulting on fines are there for fines of less than £600. Other methods must be found to make sure that people do not use it as an easy option.
Paul Goggins
First, the whole House will join my hon. Friend in condemning the cowardly people who perpetrated the dreadful attack on Police Officer Ryan Crozier on Monday. The heartfelt, warm wishes of the House go out to Police Officer Crozier and his family. He was seriously hurt, but is beginning to recover in hospital. The Chief Constable aptly described the attack as having been carried out by those who are "lashing out" because they "are in their endgame". He is right, and we all condemn their actions.
I turn to my hon. Friend's question. Of course we need a substantial, sustainable alternative to imprisonment for fine defaulters. We have begun that by bringing in the supervised activity order through the Criminal Justice (Northern Ireland) Order 2008. However, people should pay the fines given to them in court, and next month I shall bring forward proposals to make sure that if people will not pay, the fines will be deducted from their earnings or benefits and that there will be much stricter enforcement by the courts.
Sir Patrick Cormack
(South Staffordshire) (Con)
May I associate myself with the remarks made by the hon. Member for Blaydon (Mr. Anderson) and the Minister about that cowardly and brutal attack on Police Officer Crozier? It was good to see that Mr. McGuinness was among the first visitors to the hospital.
I also associate myself with the other remarks made by the hon. Member for Blaydon. Does the Minister agree that it is difficult to understand—let alone explain and justify—the fact that people with a few hundred pounds owing are put in jail, while people who have defrauded the Exchequer of millions through fuel smuggling appear to get suspended sentences?
In individual cases, it will always be for the judges to decide the appropriate penalty. My role as Minister with responsibility for criminal justice and policing is to make sure that courts have sufficient powers and a range of powers. I want on the one hand to be tougher, but on the other to make sure that when fines and other non-custodial sentences are handed out, they are properly adhered to.
I know that the hon. Gentleman takes a great interest in the issue of sentencing. I am pleased to confirm that following Royal Assent for the criminal justice order last Wednesday, I shall tomorrow sign the order to commence the new indeterminate and extended prison sentences, so that anybody who tomorrow or any day afterwards commits a serious sexual or violent offence and is deemed to be dangerous can be sent to prison on an indeterminate sentence.
Mr. Nigel Dodds
(Belfast, North) (DUP)
I associate my right hon. and hon. Friends with the remarks made in respect of Police Officer Crozier, whom we wish a speedy recovery.
On the remarks that the Minister has just made, I welcome the implementation this week of the new law in relation to indeterminate sentencing and the abolition of the automatic 50 per cent. remission for serious sexual offences. My party fought for that for a long time; it was also demanded by the people of Northern Ireland. Will the Minister say what sort of impact the changes are likely to have on custodial sentences and prison places?
There is, of course, universal condemnation of the attack on the police officer, just as there is universal support for the criminal justice order and the new provisions. There will be a net increase in the number of prisoners in the system over the next few years as a result of the longer sentences and of people who do not keep their licence conditions being brought back to prison, where they will face a further period of incarceration. There will also be more people on community sentences, and that is entirely right. I say to the hon. Gentleman, his party colleagues and colleagues on both sides of the House that my right hon. Friend the Secretary of State and I will begin carefully to prepare the path towards the completion of the devolution of policing and justice.
Mr. Michael Moore
(Berwickshire, Roxburgh and Selkirk) (LD)
May I join all others, including the Minister, in condemning the callous and cowardly attack on the police officer on Monday night and wish him a speedy recovery? I wish equally that we will have a speedy return to justice for those who perpetrated this deed. It is appropriate that we pay tribute once again to the courage and bravery of all those who serve in the PSNI and other services.
On some estimates, the prison population in Northern Ireland will double by 2020. Given the issue of fine defaulters and the other issues raised by the hon. Member for Blaydon (Mr. Anderson), can the Minister be a bit more specific about how he and his Secretary of State are going to address the growing pressures that this will undoubtedly place on the Northern Ireland Prison Service?
My right hon. Friend and I have set aside some £14 million in the current spending period to commit to the Prison Service to ensure that more places, and the relevant programmes, are available. We have also invested in an unprecedented way in the delivery of the probation service. There will be more than 50 additional probation officers as a result of the investment that we are making because we need provision in the community and extra provision in prison. I can further tell the hon. Gentleman that we are investing £70 million in building 400 new prison places that will be available over the next three-year period. We are building capacity, we are building the programmes, and the message that goes out is: "If you are committing offences in Northern Ireland you will be brought to justice and dealt with appropriately."
Cross-Border Fishing
Ann Winterton
(Congleton) (Con)
2. What recent discussions he has had with his counterpart in the Government of the Republic of Ireland on cross-border fishing issues. (204416)
Sea fisheries are now a matter for the devolved Administration in Northern Ireland.
Irrespective of that, can the Minister confirm whether there will be a cod swap next year to provide restitution to the Northern Ireland fishing industry of the Irish sea cod that was lost to it owing to the unfair application of the Hague preference?
I know that the hon. Lady is very well informed about these matters, perhaps far better informed than I am. I will certainly be happy to convey her comments and concerns to the Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development, Michelle Gildernew, who I am sure will be interested to know about them. I can assure the hon. Lady that, particularly in relation to north-south co-operation on these issues, which is very important, there is regular contact between the Minister and her counterpart in the Republic, not least in terms of the preparations for the annual European Fisheries Council in December in Brussels, which is also very important. I am sure that that co-operation will continue, and I will happily ensure that the hon. Lady's remarks are given to the Minister.
Mrs. Iris Robinson
(Strangford) (DUP)
Does the Minister know that the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs reports to the European Union in the context of fishing? Along with the hon. Member for Congleton (Ann Winterton), I ask the Minister to agree that the fishing industry in Northern Ireland has experienced unparalleled decline in recent years, that all measures within the power of this Government must be taken to ensure that the industry remains viable, and that the UK Government should follow the lead of the French and Spanish Governments and take advantage of measures such as those provided for through de minimis arrangements to assist UK fishing fleets as a whole, but particularly in Northern Ireland, where the industry is on its knees.
Again, the hon. Lady is very well informed on these issues and cares passionately about them. One of the things that I have discovered in recent days is the complexity of the responsibilities in relation to marine matters. I know, for example, that my right hon. Friend the Secretary of State is responsible for the sea bed, but what swims around in the sea above it is a devolved matter. We are absolutely at one—this was evident in the very successful investment conference that took place last week—as to the need to have a thriving and vibrant economy in Northern Ireland. That includes the fishing industry, and we will continue to lend what support we can.
Gang Violence
Sir Nicholas Winterton
(Macclesfield) (Con)
3. What recent assessment he has made of the level of gang violence in Northern Ireland. (204418)
The Secretary of State for Northern Ireland
(Mr. Shaun Woodward)
Gang violence in Northern Ireland has traditionally manifested itself through paramilitary activity and organised crime. While the latest Independent Monitoring Commission report indicates a general downward trend in incidents of paramilitary violence, Monday's cowardly attack on the young police officer, Ryan Crozier, reminds us of the continued threat posed by a small number of dissidents who today have no support whatsoever throughout the community.
I am grateful to the Secretary of State for that reply. Can he tell the House when paramilitary groups such as the Irish republican liberation army will no longer have the umbrella of decommissioning to hide under and instead be charged as criminals for holding weapons?
Mr. Woodward
The hon. Gentleman makes an important point. In the long term, the kind of structures that we have introduced to ensure that we could get to the peaceful, prosperous Northern Ireland of today will be phased out. When that moment comes, I am more than prepared to work with all hon. Members and political parties. I hope that we are beginning to approach the moment when we can signal that we will do so, but I still regret that, unfortunately, a small number of people continue to operate in such a way. Although we are nearly in a normalised society, regrettably we are not quite there.
Mr. Eddie McGrady
(South Down) (SDLP)
I also would like to be associated with the earlier speakers in their sympathy for Constable Crozier, who to me was an expression of the new dimension in Northern Ireland. That young man joined the police force only three years ago, and he is the expression of our hope for the future. I hope that the perpetrators will be brought to justice as soon as possible.
On the Government's intention to address the root cause of gang violence, particularly the knife-wielding culture, does the Minister agree that there must be a combined approach between Government and community? If so, how does he reconcile that intention with the recent decision to withdraw extended schools funding in Northern Ireland, which was used by schools to put in place innovative and inclusive programmes for disadvantaged areas? A cross-cutting policy simply does not exist in that area.
Like all hon. Members, I welcome the hon. Gentleman's support for Police Officer Crozier. Although we no longer have specific responsibility for schools in Northern Ireland, it none the less falls on us to have responsibility for criminal justice and policing until hon. Members and political parties are ready to assume devolution of those matters. That is why in the new Criminal Justice (Northern Ireland) Order we will be introducing specific powers to deal with knife crime in relation to gang culture, raising the age at which knives can be purchased and, critically, dealing more severely with those who abuse that. Regardless of when the devolution of policing and criminal justice takes place, it will fall on the community itself, as well as those elected from the community, to deal with the issue. It is one that we should all feel responsibility for.
Mr. Peter Robinson
(Belfast, East) (DUP)
Is it not the case that in several locations major gangs that were formerly associated with paramilitary organisations are operating major criminal enterprises? Could the Secretary of State indicate what plans the Chief Constable has to ensure that those gangs are broken up and the perpetrators, who are well known not only in the local community, but to the police, are put behind bars?
I congratulate the right hon. Gentleman, since I think that this is the first time I have had the chance to do so in this House, on having been made leader elect of his party. I am sure that we all look forward to working with him when he assumes that office at the end of the month, and we will again give our very best wishes to his predecessor—when that moment comes; he is, of course, still very much a presence.
I am conscious of what the right hon. Gentleman says. Of course the Chief Constable has operational independence on these matters, but we do consult him. I am confident that he is more than aware of the need to break up the gangs. He and his officers have achieved some spectacular results, but we have to remain ever vigilant and deal with the issue, which as the hon. Gentleman said is regrettably still a vestige of the paramilitary past of Northern Ireland.
Mr. Laurence Robertson
(Tewkesbury) (Con)
We on the Conservative Benches also condemn the attack on Officer Crozier. I am afraid that the Independent Monitoring Commission report, which shows how far Northern Ireland has come with regard to violence, is still littered with examples of offences. We are told that the ONH—Óglaigh na hÉireann—is
"more seriously active in the six months under the review"
of the report, and carried out its first murder on 12 February. The breakaway south-east Antrim faction's dispute with the Ulster Defence Association led to the shooting of a police officer. Those are very worrying trends, and I am sure that the Secretary of State shares our concerns about them. What extra measures can he take to stamp out that criminal and deadly violence?
The hon. Gentleman is right to draw the attention of the House to the 18th IMC report, which deals with matters relating to organised crime, too. I am sure that he will have noted that significant progress has been made on a number of fronts. However, it is perfectly clear that in one specific area—that is, in relation to Óglaigh na hÉireann—as well as others, we now need to take steps. That is why I am laying before the House today a new order that will take into account specified organisations. The order will result in the de-specification of the UVF Red Hand Commandos, but it will now specify Óglaigh na hÉireann.
Parades (Drumcree/Garvaghy Road)
David Simpson
(Upper Bann) (DUP)
4. What steps he is taking to contribute to the resolution of the Drumcree/Garvaghy road parading dispute. (204419)
We remain committed to finding a successful resolution and we support the position of the Parades Commission that local dialogue is the best way to achieve this.
Further to that point, does the Secretary of State agree that no one who refuses to engage in that dialogue ought to be rewarded for their refusal?
Let me begin by paying tribute to the work that the hon. Gentleman has done in trying to achieve dialogue between communities on matters relating to parading, and particularly the work that he has done with the Portadown District Orange to encourage it to enter into dialogue—he was referring specifically, I think, to the Garvaghy road residents. He has helped to move the order to engage without preconditions or a predetermined outcome. I praise him fully for his work with the community. I hope that others in the community will now recognise that they should match that transformation and engage in the dialogue. I encourage all members of the community, regardless of the history, to enter into that dialogue.
Bloody Sunday Inquiry
Mr. Andrew Mackay
(Bracknell) (Con)
5. What his most recent estimate is of the final cost of the Bloody Sunday inquiry. (204420)
So far, the cost of the inquiry has reached in excess of £182 million, but let me say this to the right hon. Gentleman. However concerned all hon. Members will be about such costs, we should be careful not to confuse the cost with the value and the huge importance of the inquiry.
Mr. Mackay
Let me put it to the Secretary of State that there is no question of our confusing cost and value. We can spot the fact that the process is a huge waste of taxpayers' money. Does he agree that if we had known at the beginning how much it would cost, particularly with legal fees, we would not have proceeded? The process has done a great deal of harm in Northern Ireland, not the good that we hoped.
Far be it from me to wish to disagree with the right hon. Gentleman, but I am afraid that in this case I must. The inquiry has been essential in enabling us to reach the point in Northern Ireland where we can enjoy the peace, prosperity and devolution that we have witnessed and the remaining stages that I am confident will take place. As he rightly says, the inquiry has taken a lot longer and cost a huge amount more than we thought. However, that is why the Government introduced the Inquiries Act 2005—to control the cost of inquiries. Although I regret the spiralling legal costs, which we have tried to control, I in no way wish to confuse that with the value of the inquiry, which has been essential to the peace process.
Mark Durkan
(Foyle) (SDLP)
The families of the Bloody Sunday victims share that frustration at the length and cost of the Saville inquiry, but understand better than others the reason for them. When the Secretary of State receives the report of the Saville inquiry, will he allow lawyers acting on behalf of the Government and military days and weeks to go through it before publication, and if so, what equal consideration will be extended to the families of the Bloody Sunday victims?
The hon. Gentleman has long made a sincere and deeply felt argument on behalf of the families who are affected by the inquiry. All hon. Members recognise that the issue is sensitive, especially for those families. My hon. Friend the Minister of State met the families only last month. We have committed ourselves to involving them in the arrangements for the publication of the report, which must be presented to the House first, and I will hold them uppermost in my mind.
Mr. Jeffrey M. Donaldson
(Lagan Valley) (DUP)
One of the consequences of inquiries such as Saville is that they put enormous pressure on the resources of the police service. The Secretary of State has reduced the budget for the police service in the current year, and the Chief Constable has indicated that he is close to the tipping point in regard to his ability to deliver the necessary police input for these inquiries. Will the Secretary of State look again at increasing the budget in order to offset the cost of the PSNI's role in these inquiries?
I have huge respect for the hon. Gentleman, but I must of course disagree with the idea that we have reduced the budget. The fact is that the PSNI will have a budget of nearly £1 billion for this year. That is an extremely large budget, and I am confident that every penny of it will be well spent. The PSNI has to spend a great deal of time dealing with the past, and it matters that it should do so. I believe that it is appropriately funded to do that work, despite the pressures that it faces. I would encourage the hon. Gentleman to work with the Eames consultative group on the past, to see whether we can find other, more effective ways of dealing with some of the issues that are undoubtedly a legacy of the past.
Mr. Owen Paterson
(North Shropshire) (Con)
I should like to associate Her Majesty's official Opposition with the comments made by the Secretary of State on the disgraceful attack on Police Officer Crozier. We wish him a speedy recovery, and we pay tribute to the bravery of all PSNI officers. We also congratulate the passer-by who showed great courage in rescuing him.
The Saville inquiry was set up 10 years ago. It last took evidence in 2004, its costs are heading towards £200 million, of which nearly half has been paid to lawyers, and there is no sign of the report appearing. Does the Secretary of State really think that that is acceptable?
The hon. Gentleman will know that, because the Saville inquiry was set up before the Inquiries Act 2005, the Government are ultimately unable to control the legal costs involved, despite the constant pressure that we are bringing to bear on the inquiry to be cost-effective. However, for the families involved, and for the nationalist community, which was so unsettled by the way in which the matter had been dealt with historically, it was absolutely right that my right hon. Friend the former Prime Minister committed the Government to conducting the inquiry. It has taken longer and cost more than we wanted it to, but at the end of the day we have to separate cost and value, and the value of this inquiry is incalculable.
Mr. Paterson
That was an unsatisfactory reply, because it showed that the delay has been caused by the manner in which the Government set up the inquiry. Will the Secretary of State give the House a guarantee that no future historical inquiry will be as open-ended and extravagant as Saville, given his new remit under the Inquiries Act 2005?
It is perfectly clear that the Inquiries Act has set out precisely how any future inquiry should be conducted. The hon. Gentleman will also know that, in all the conversations that I have had about inquiries, I have insisted that any future inquiry would have to be held under the terms of the Act.
Criminal Damage (Compensation)
Dr. William McCrea
(South Antrim) (DUP)
6. What the timetable is for the implementation of the proposed compensation schemes relating to criminal damage in Northern Ireland. (204421)
I intend to issue a consultation document in June on proposed changes to the criminal damage legislation as it applies to community halls. Subject to that consultation, I intend to lay a draft order in the autumn.
Dr. McCrea
I thank the Minister for the series of meetings that have taken place between my DUP colleagues and the Orange Institution on this serious matter, and also for the positive outcomes that have been achieved thus far. Can he confirm that he would expedite the process, should there be a continuation of this despicable campaign to destroy Orange halls?
I welcome the constructive engagement of the hon. Gentleman and his colleagues and of the leadership of the Orange Order. The most important thing was to ensure that we minimised the attacks on Orange halls, and I am pleased to say that, to date this year, there have been only eight attacks, compared with 58 last year. That is an improvement. We will bring forward the proposals for proper consultation and bring them into effect in due course.
Dr. Alasdair McDonnell
(Belfast, South) (SDLP)
Does the Secretary of State agree that it is long past time for meaningful change to be made to facilitate the claims of victims, who up to now have had to prove often impossible parameters in regard to their claims? Does he agree that, where there is clear evidence of a co-ordinated attack on an Orange hall or on Gaelic Athletic Association premises, for example, a statement from a senior policeman to the effect that there has been a co-ordinated, syndicated conspiracy should be enough to prove entitlement?
My hon. Friend makes a very important point. One of my prime objectives over recent months has been to ensure that the existing compensation scheme works more effectively so that where there is evidence of an illegal organisation's involvement, a Chief Constable's certificate should be issued, and where three or more people are conspiring to create damage, compensation should be paid. I am trying to make the present system work more effectively, as well as to extend the provisions as I have outlined.

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text:
LInsurance Institute for Highway Safety ( IIHS ) è un'organizzazione no profit statunitense finanziata da compagnie di assicurazione auto, fondata nel 1959 e con sede ad Arlington, in Virginia. Ha lo scopo di ridurre il numero di collisioni nel traffico automobilistico e il tasso di feriti e la quantità di danni materiali negli incidenti che inevitabilmente continuano a verificarsi. Svolge attività di ricerca e produce valutazioni per i più diffusi veicoli passeggeri e per alcuni prodotti di consumo come i seggiolini auto per bambini. Svolge anche ricerche sulla progettazione stradale e sulla regolamentazione del traffico ed è stato coinvolto nella promozione delle decisioni politiche.

Crash test frontali

Test frontale con sovrapposizione moderata
Davanti dell'Istituto crash test è diversa da quella del governo degli Stati Uniti National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) New Car Assessment Programme (NCAP) in quanto i suoi test sono compensate. Questo test espone il 40% della parte anteriore del veicolo a un impatto con una barriera deformabile a circa 40 mph (65 km/h). L'IIHS ha iniziato questo crash test nel gennaio 1995.

L'IIHS valuta sei singole categorie, assegnando a ognuna una valutazione "Buono", "Accettabile", "Marginale" o "Scarsa" determinando la valutazione complessiva per impatto frontale del veicolo.

Come nel caso del test di impatto frontale dell'NHTSA, i veicoli di diverse categorie di peso potrebbero non essere confrontati direttamente. Questo perché un veicolo più pesante è generalmente favorito quando incontra un veicolo più leggero o è coinvolto in un incidente a veicolo singolo. L'IIHS lo ha dimostrato facendo schiantare tre berline di medie dimensioni con tre "superutilitarie" classificate "Good" più piccole. A esempio, nel 2009 tre superutilitarie sono state classificate come "Scarse" in questi speciali test auto contro auto, mentre le auto di medie dimensioni sono state valutate "Buono" o "Accettabile".

Test frontale con piccole sovrapposizioni
Il 14 agosto 2012, IIHS ha pubblicato il primo risultato per un secondo, più impegnativo, test frontale con offset. Il nuovo test, che è usato in addizione al test con offset del 40% introdotto nel 1995, sottopone soltanto 25% della superficie frontale del veicolo ad un impatto a 40 mph (64 km/h). Il nuovo test è più impegnativo per la struttura del veicolo rispetto al precedente con offset del 40%. In un primo round di test, composto da 11 veicoli di medie dimensioni di lusso a quasi lusso, la maggior parte dei veicoli ha ottenuto un risultato scarso, solo tre veicoli hanno ottenuto la valutazione "buono" o "accettabile".

Il sistema di classificazione è simile all'offset del 40%, ma presenta alcune differenze chiave: le valutazioni dell'anca / della coscia e della parte inferiore della gamba / piede sostituiscono le valutazioni individuali per ciascuna gamba e piede e non è possibile ottenere il punteggio completo senza dispiegamento di airbag a tendina anteriori e laterali (a causa del forte movimento laterale spesso causato da questo genere di test).

Secondo uno studio del Medical College of Wisconsin una collisione frontale con una piccola area d'impatto provoca un aumento delle lesioni alla testa, al petto, alla colonna vertebrale, all'anca e al bacino. Questo tipo di collisione è comune su strade a due corsie con traffico a doppio senso in cui è assente uno spartitraffico centrale. Gli incidenti riguardanti un singolo veicolo (contro un albero o un palo) rappresentano il 40 percento degli incidenti con "piccola sovrapposizione".  Secondo l'IIHS, il 25% dei decessi per incidente frontale è dovuto a incidenti con piccola sovrapposizione, con la ruota anteriore esterna che per prima riceve le forze di impatto anziché la struttura centrale che dissipa maggiormente l'energia durante gli incidenti.

Da allora l'IIHS ha testato auto familiari, auto compatte, minicar, piccole e medie SUV, minivan, muscle car e grandi camioncini attraverso il test con piccola sovrapposizione.

50th Anniversary crash test

Nel 2009, l'IIHS ha celebrato il suo 50 ° anniversario. Per dimostrare come la sicurezza automobilistica è progredita in cinquant'anni, IIHS ha testato un Chevrolet Bel Air del 1959 che si è schiantava frontalmente, con un offset del 40% con una Chevrolet Malibu del 2009 a 40 mph (64 km/h). Il video dello schianto è stato pubblicato su Internet e "i risultati non sono stati una sorpresa per chiunque abbia familiarità con le automobili". Il compartimento degli occupanti del Bel Air è stato gravemente danneggiato dall'incidente. Insieme alla mancanza della vettura di moderne caratteristiche di sicurezza come airbag e cinture di sicurezza, ciò ha comportato il manichino da crash test nella Bel Air a rilevare accelerazioni che probabilmente avrebbero causato lesioni mortali ad un vero automobilista. L'ingegneria avanzata e l'acciaio ad alta resistenza offrono ai veicoli moderni un enorme vantaggio.

Valutazione del poggiatesta
Questo test verifica il sedile del conducente del veicolo per determinare l'efficacia dei poggiatesta. Il sedile del conducente è posizionato su una slitta per imitare una collisione posteriore a 20 mph (32 km/h). Le collisioni posteriori a velocità da basse a moderate in genere non provocano lesioni gravi, ma sono frequenti. Nel 2005 l'IIHS ha stimato che il 25% delle spese mediche era correlato a lesioni da colpo di frusta.

Test di resistenza del tetto

Negli Stati Uniti i ribaltamenti hanno rappresentato quasi il 25% degli incidenti mortali dei veicoli passeggeri. È stato dimostrato che funzionalità come il controllo elettronico della stabilità riducono significativamente i ribaltamenti e possono anche essere d'aiuto i sistemi di avvertimento d'abbandono della corsia. Gli airbag a tendina laterali con rilevamento del ribaltamento aiutano anche a ridurre al minimo gli infortuni in caso di ribaltamento.

Valutazione della prevenzione delle collisioni frontali
Sono assegnati un massimo di 6 punti. I punti sono assegnati se il sistema di prevenzione degli scontri frontali rientra nei criteri governativi e se può ridurre la velocità o evitare l'impatto da una velocità di 12 e 25 mph (20–40 km/h). Ai veicoli che ottengono un solo punto viene assegnata la valutazione "base" (basic), mentre i veicoli che hanno ottenuto tra i 2 e i 4 punti ottengono la valutazione "avanzata" (advanced).

La valutazione "superiore" (superior) è riservata ai veicoli che hanno ottenuto 5 o 6 punti.

Valutazione dei faro
Dal marzo 2016, l'IIHS ha rilascia valutazioni per le prestazioni dei fari. Il loro primo test ha riguardato auto famigliari e la maggior parte ha ottenuto valutazioni marginali o scadenti. Solo un veicolo, la Toyota Prius V, ha ottenuto una buona valutazione se equipaggiato con fari specifici. L'Istituto ha valutato i fari per piccoli SUV 4 mesi dopo, e nessuno dei veicoli testati ha ottenuto la valutazione "buono". Nell'ottobre 2016, hanno pubblicato le valutazioni per i camioncini e la Honda Ridgeline è stata l'unica a ottenere la valutazione "buono" nel test dei fari.

Premi
Il Top Safety Pick è un premio annuale per le auto più performanti dell'anno. Per ricevere una scelta di massima sicurezza, il veicolo deve ricevere "Buoni" segni complessivi nella parte anteriore a sovrapposizione moderata, nella parte anteriore piccola sovrapposta sul lato conducente, nella parte laterale, nella resistenza del tetto e nei test dei poggiatesta del sedile. I veicoli devono anche essere disponibili con fari nominali accettabili o validi, un sistema di prevenzione degli incidenti anteriori valutato superiore o avanzato e ricevere una valutazione accettabile o buona nel test di sovrapposizione piccolo lato passeggero. Il premio Top Safety Pick + viene assegnato ai veicoli che soddisfano tutti i criteri per un Top Safety Pick, ma sono anche disponibili con fari di buona qualità e ricevono una valutazione di buona qualità nel test di sovrapposizione piccolo lato passeggero.

Note

Voci correlate
 National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
 Euro NCAP

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

Sicurezza veicoli

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Those of you who read this blog, even semi-regularly, will realise that I live for the event being held this weekend.
The annual pilgrimage which all dyed-in-the-wool Australian motorsport fans make, either physically or courtesy of the television screen. Mount Panorama, Bathurst, or as it's known currently, the Supercheap Auto 1000, Round 10 of the V8 Supercar Championship.
The track officially closed to the public traffic today, and the cars came out to play. Wednesday of raceweek is the latest you can arrive at the Mountain and still expect to drive that 6.213 kilometres. At no faster than 60kph, mind you. The NSW police haunt Mount Panorama in great numbers like lost souls trapped between Tent City and McPhillamy Park. There must be more speed cameras and hand-held radars on the Mountain than any other single location in the country for raceweek.
Speaking of Tent City, it seems accommodation in Bathurst for raceweek has gone from a dearth, to be had only when someone who's booked decades in advance suddenly dies, to a real business venture for a mob called…how very original…Tent City Hire. This is something new and probably acquaints to a refugee camp for the week, with up-market tents (carpeted even!), permanent 12 volt power, relocatable toilets and showers all laid on within two klicks of the circuit entry gate. A short walk, or if you've been at the track all day….with a bunch of twenty-something mates….imbibing in one or more corporate tents….a long wander home after dark. I've never camped at the Mountain, nor do I really ever want to indulge in the experience. Race fans tend to separate out into two distinct groups. The real, honest-to-goodness, hard-bitten fanatic who follows one or more drivers/cars/teams religiously, never misses a round either live or on the box, and can sprout chapter and verse the history of the series; and the once-a-year Mountain Morons who make a bee line for McPhillamy Park, pitch a tent and proceed to drink their way through as many cans of amber fluid as is humanly possible without collapsing into a coma, over a five day period. Actually, you'll get the Mountain Moron type rolling up at any series round, prepared to miss more of the racing in exchange for more of the amber fluid, but at Mount Panorama, they seem to grow an extra bladder and lose what little grey matter they came there with. Seriously, if you ever plan to make the pilgrimage for real, plan 12 months ahead, pay a solid deposit up front and stay in a caravan park, motel, B&B or what have you in one of the towns surrounding Bathurst. You'll enjoy it much more, see more and experience less stress. Even Bathurst locals flee the town each October, as madness descends. Never forget, that part of NSW is just brimming with what little history Australia has to offer. For mine, you could do a lot worse than bunk in Orange. A mere 30-odd klicks away over good roads and away from the Mountain Morons.
Much to my delighted surprise, with only one disappointment earlier in the year, Network Seven have really improved on their motorsport presentation in their comeback to telecasting the sport this year after a ten year hiatus. Regular readers here will remember my serious doubts expressed late last year about Seven's willingness or ability to live up to fans expectations to match or better Network Ten's coverage over the previous decade. I'm pleased to report that coverage has at least been as good. Personally, I miss some of the old favourite faces and voices and don't think much of Matthew White. Grant Denyer makes a much better Supercar punter than presenter and Mark Beretta isn't a patch on Greg Rust….and that's saying a lot. Still, Neil Crompton manages to carry all of the inadequacies of the rest of the team remarkably well, and for that, I'm grateful.
Seven's coverage this year will be monumentally larger than ever before. Seven will have 116 cameras and a production team of 315 for the weekend's racing in what it says will be the biggest broadcast ever undertaken in Australian television. There will be 49 in-car cameras scattered through the field of 31 V8 supercars, plus 31 cameras on the track, four in the pits and one in a helicopter. Coverage will include upgraded 3D computer graphics and footage from two aerial "flycams", which can track cars through difficult sections of the circuit, including the hair-raising ride down the Mountain and through the Dipper and Forrest Elbow. I can hardly wait to see how a "flycam" gets through the trees at the Dipper. Almost makes me think the action will be on the box and not on the track.
And to the track after today's first practice session. Thursday's first session is never to be taken seriously as any form of guide to probable pace on Sunday. As Mark Skaife apparently stated today, you'd have to be very naive to place any credence on Thursday practice times. However, here is the time sheet as at end of practice this afternoon. It's interesting to note the number of level one teams still sporting three drivers in at least one of their two cars. This will be clarified come Saturday when all teams must nominate which two drivers will be piloting which cars.
Early days, but come the 'morrow, You can guarantee the seriousness of what all teams and drivers are on the Mountain for will come to the surface. Today's quick time of 2 mins 8.074 secs, surprisingly posted by Steven Johnson in the Jim Beam/DJR Falcon, won't last long. I'd suggest that by 10:30am tomorrow, when the third practice session ends, we'll see low seven second times, maybe even a high six. We'll have to wait and see, won't we?
We went up in 1986 to see the Group A cars battle it out. I'm not sure my hearing ever recovered from the noise of the BMW M3's screaming across the top of the mountain.
The camping was interesting to say the least. Not for females, children or the faint of heart. I thought it might have improved since then but obviously not!


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Chelsea Links
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Posted in Chelsea, Featured, Headlines, Transfer News
Pulisic reveals why he is loving life, Chilwell opens up on Silva, Chelsea urged to sell Kante and sign Rice, Zouma hails new signing
Author: Jamie Published Date: October 15, 2020
Get the Chelsea word out there!
Zouma hails Silva, Pulisic sends message, Chilwell reveals what Silva has brought to Chelsea and Lamps told to sign Rice in icchelseanews roundup…
Ben Chilwell has hailed Thiago Silva's immediate impact at Chelsea after his summer move to the club.
The Brazilian may be 33-years of age, but he brings experience, quality and leadership at the back that the club have been lacking for a good few seasons now, and Lampard knew that he needed to sign a player like Silva to help improve the clubs chances of winning that Premier League title.
Another transfer signing Chilwell has now opened up and announced that he is delight that the club managed to secure a transfer deal for Silva, and has hailed the impact that the Brazilian has already had on this very youthful Blues squad.
Chilwell said on the Metro: "Ever since he came in the building, when he is in the room he has a presence about him.
"He makes everyone want to do well and standards will never slip, which they shouldn't anyway.
"He demands quality and assures the whole team around him so it is great to have him in there with us, and he talks throughout the whole game."
Chelsea have been told to swap N'Golo Kante for Declan Rice – because the West Ham midfielder can do more.
We have been linked with a move for Rice for months now with reports constantly claiming that moves have been made, talks have been opened and bids have been rejected by the Hammers, who reportedly want a massive £80 million for the England man.
And now the club been have been urged to get rid of Frenchman Kante and pay the money that will secure the services of Rice, as the Hammers midfielder will be able to offer that midfield more, that is the opinion of Adrien Durham anyways.
The club have been forced to deny rumours of a falling out between Kante and manager Frank Lampard that emerged in France on Monday, after Le Parisien claimed Kante, 29, wants to quit the Blues after Lampard denied him permission to skip training for a friend's wedding before the international break.
The talkSPORT presenter said: "They've been thinking about bringing in Declan Rice for a long, long time.
"If you sell Kante and bring in Rice, it's a big upgrade.
"This is someone who can do Kante's job, and go on the attack and use the ball quickly.
"Maybe not the Kante from yesteryear. What I'm looking at is a top side trying to do stuff in Europe and in the Premier League as well.
"Is Kante too limited? Rice does more than Kante – that's what I'm saying."
Kurt Zouma has opened up and hailed the impact that Thiago Silva has made at Chelsea since his move to Stamford Bridge.
Silva helped PSG reach the Champions League final last year after another impressive season for the French side, but despite the contract offers that they wanted to offer the Brazilian, he opted to leave the club on a free contract.
That led to the club making a move and offering him a short-term contract with the club, as Frank Lampard knew that he needed to add a world class defender that has real leadership abilities to his back-line.
And Zouma has opened up on the new defender, he was quoted on the Metro: 'You can see straightaway, as soon as he walked through the door at Cobham, he gives advice to the players around him, he's really good with people and you can definitely see he has very good leadership skills. 'Everyone has welcomed Thiago into the group and we are all happy he's with us at Chelsea.'
'I'm very excited to work with Thiago, but I don't think I'm the only one, a lot of the guys here at Chelsea feel exactly the same. 'We are all excited to play with him and to learn from him.
https://www.instagram.com/p/CFNHk0QFGUW/?utm_source=ig_embed
He's got great experience at the highest level, he's won a lot of titles and last season he played in the Champions League final.
'For me, he's got everything. He's calm on the ball, he can defend very well, his positioning is great. I'm very happy he's here and excited to learn from him.'
Christian Pulisic is loving life as Chelsea's new No10 after being handed the iconic shirt.
Pulisic had injury issues at the beginning of his life last season, but he showed just how brilliant he can become towards the back-end of the season, and helped the club reach the FA Cup final and get back inside the top dour spots.
His performances last season led to the decision from the club to hand him the number 10 shirt, previously worn by Joe Cole, Mark Hughes and Eden Hazard, in the off-season and he has admitted he is loving being the clubs new number ten.
He also claimed that he wants to replicate their achievements, He told CBS: "It meant a lot. It's no secret that it's been my favourite number. It's the number I wanted to be.
"Now that Willian moved on this season, there was an opportunity there. I spoke with the club and everyone felt like I was ready for it, and I felt I was ready, and it's a number I like.
"So it was a really proud moment for me last weekend to wear it for Chelsea for the first time.
"I understand what it means and how much history it has, how many incredible players have worn it before me, but I see it as my favourite number. I just want to do well."
JUST IN: Chelsea offer made to bring world class Barcelona star to the Bridge!
ALSO CHECK OUT: Did Frank make transfer mistake by getting this Chelsea deal done?
ALSO READY GUYS: Midfielder Jorginho edging closer to signing new contract with Chelsea
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Author: Jamie
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A pagan/Wiccan altar is a sacred space with spiritual objects used for meditation, spells, ritual, divination, prayers, visualisations and connecting to deity. It is an important part of neo-paganism and wicca. Here's how to make one yourself.
Decide whether you want an outdoor or indoor altar. Your altar can be anywhere. Some have a natural altar outside or take portable altar items into their garden. This gives you a close connection to mother nature. However if you don't have a garden or this is impractical you can have an indoor altar. If your altar will be indoors, choose a room to have it in. Many choose a bedroom because this is a private room that is easy to relax in.
Consider the direction your altar should be in. East facing altars are common because east is where the sun rises, and it is the traditional direction of Christian churches and masonic temples. Another popular choice is North or North-East, and many Pagans instinctively pick it. Lots of rituals are said to start with the practitioner facing North. You can also have your altar in the direction of your element. So air for east, fire for south, water for west, north for earth and center for spirit.
Find a place to set up your altar. You can keep your altar on a dresser or table if you want a permanent one or one with lots of heavy items. Other places are drawers, bookcases (though this means you can't have candles under the wood), trays, tree stumps and windowsills. You can also have an altar box, so your objects are kept safe and private from others if you live in a busy household. You can take the items out and place them on top of the box when in use. Choose somewhere that feels right for you. Use your intuition.
Choose the style of your altar. If you are heavily influenced by Celtic paganism then maybe you will use Celtic deities like Brigid. If you have native American beliefs with your Wicca practise then you may choose some of their symbolism on your altar. Consider your personal practise and how your altar reflects you and your spirituality.
A semi large candle with a color you best think represents the Goddess. Cold colours like blue, green, purple and silver are often used.
A statue that represents the Goddess. This can be any goddess: Isis, the moon goddess, or statues from a Greek goddess like Hestia; it depends on what goddess calls you. You can also use totem animals of the goddess like a hare, cat, owl or other lunar animals.
Something that may represent feminine elements. For example, water = chalice or bowl of water, seashell, cauldron, sea glass or mirror, earth = green/brown coloured objects, stones, plants (leaves, flowers, etc), salt, soil, bones or pentagram.
Crystal ball or divination tools.
A few objects that are sacred and special to you.
Object for the 2 masculine elements. For example, fire = red/orange colours, wand or athame/boline (if you have a wand for fire than your athame would be for air and vice versa), candle, incense, teeth, claws (but don't hurt animals to obtain it!), ash or oil burner; air = yellow/white/silver colours, Athame, Boline, wand, incense, feathers.
Your matron/patron deity you work most with. If you don't know your deity yet then you can just put the ones you are currently working with.
Spirit element. White/purple/violet/rainbow colour. Crystals, skulls, candles can be used. Choose something powerful and very important.
Loose herbs or potpourri. This can be nice to use special types for Sabbats and to sprinkle on altar. You can make this yourself.
Tarot/Oracle cards. These have pretty images on them and are good to use in meditation.
A spell/altar box. If you have a big altar you can put a small box on there and put rites or sacred things in it.
Spell objects. Witches ladders, witches bottles, puppet magic, etc.
Talismans and Amulets. Magickal jewellery!
Anything meaningful and divine to you.
If possible you could hang a charm, dreamcatcher or witches ladder for good energy and protection above your altar.
Is it a bad thing if my altar doesn't have a god or goddess?
No, it isn't a bad thing. An altar can be dedicated to a god or goddess, or it can just be for your magical workings. Go with what feels right to you.
Is it possible to use Greek gods like Poseidon and Gaia as your god and goddess?
There are a lot of Pagans that use Greek deities in their pantheon. Honestly, you can worship any gods and goddesses you want to worship. There really are no rules in who you're allowed to worship.
How many items should I have on my altar?
It really doesn't matter. You can have as much or as little on your alter as you like. There is no right or wrong way. Having god and goddess representation as well as a representation of the elements is traditional but just use that as a guideline and follow what you think looks/feels right.
I don't really have many magical items on me at this moment, so for now my altar is multi-use (it's an old work table I borrowed). The top shelf is the altar, but i also keep my pagan books/empty perfume bottles there. Is that okay, or do the perfume bottles substract meaning to the altar?
If you feel it subtracts meaning from your altar or if they feel wrong standing near your altar, you should put them elsewhere. If you have no problem with them standing there and don't feel like there is negative energy around your altar, you don't have to move them.
Can my altar be in my room?
It can be anywhere you'd like. You could have multiple altars if you want.
I'm in the broom closet, I'm kinda broke, and I'm using TV trays as my altar. Help?
Generally, people prefer to have a surface or drawer or what have you dedicated solely to their altar, but whatever you can use should fine, as long as your altar is assembled with love and respect. If it still doesn't feel right to you, then put a little bit of money to the side and save up for something inconspicuous you can use, like an end table or a bedside table or a small bookshelf or something; check secondhand stores like the Salvation Army to save yourself some money. If you like to keep your tools hidden, shave a chest with a lock to keep your tools in (like candles, pentacle, etc). Good luck and blessed be.
It's ok to put an altar in the middle of a bookshelf and use the rest as, well, a bookshelf? Is the only available place I have for the moment, but I'm not sure if that would be disrespectful.
My mother forbade me to practice Wicca. How do I convince her that my true calling is to be a witch?
Tell her that Wicca is a nature-based religion. We do not worship Satan and are totally against harming others and ourselves. You can show her some videos or books about Wicca so she can see what it's about. If your mom still won't let you, you will have to respect her and wait until you move out on your own to practice Wicca.
Are there any places I can get items (stones, statues, candles, etc.) that aren't conspicuous? I'm a beginner too.
Dollar stores, Walmart, thrift stores, wherever you feel is right. Sometimes, thrift stores happen to have stuff that really speaks to you, and it's cheap!
How do I use my altar once I have set it up?
You can use it just for meditation and relaxation, or you can bless it and use it for rituals and spells.
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The mastering of the experience of living the full life of a human creature in mortal flesh, the completion of his sovereignty in Nebadon.
The revelation of the Universal Father to the mortal dwellers on the worlds of time and space and the more effective leading of these same mortals to a better understanding of the Universal Father.
128:0.3 All other creature benefits and universe advantages were incidental and secondary to these major purposes of the mortal bestowal.
128:1.1 With the attainment of adult years Jesus began in earnest and with full self-consciousness the task of completing the experience of mastering the knowledge of the life of his lowest form of intelligent creatures, thereby finally and fully earning the right of unqualified rulership of his self-created universe. He entered upon this stupendous task fully realizing his dual nature. But he had already effectively combined these two natures into one—Jesus of Nazareth.
128:1.2 Joshua ben Joseph knew full well that he was a man, a mortal man, born of woman. This is shown in the selection of his first title, the Son of Man. He was truly a partaker of flesh and blood, and even now, as he presides in sovereign authority over the destinies of a universe, he still bears among his numerous well-earned titles that of Son of Man. It is literally true that the creative Word—the Creator Son—of the Universal Father was "made flesh and dwelt as a man of the realm on Urantia." He labored, grew weary, rested, and slept. He hungered and satisfied such cravings with food; he thirsted and quenched his thirst with water. He experienced the full gamut of human feelings and emotions; he was "in all things tested, even as you are," and he suffered and died.
128:1.5 It is forever and gloriously true: "We have a high ruler who can be touched with the feeling of our infirmities. We have a Sovereign who was in all points tested and tempted like as we are, yet without sin." And since he himself has suffered, being tested and tried, he is abundantly able to understand and minister to those who are confused and distressed.
128:1.6 The Nazareth carpenter now fully understood the work before him, but he chose to live his human life in the channel of its natural flowing. And in some of these matters he is indeed an example to his mortal creatures, even as it is recorded: "Let this mind be in you which was also in Christ Jesus, who, being of the nature of God, thought it not strange to be equal with God. But he made himself to be of little import and, taking upon himself the form of a creature, was born in the likeness of mankind. And being thus fashioned as a man, he humbled himself and became obedient to death, even the death of the cross."
128:1.7 He lived his mortal life just as all others of the human family may live theirs, "who in the days of the flesh so frequently offered up prayers and supplications, even with strong feelings and tears, to Him who is able to save from all evil, and his prayers were effective because he believed." Wherefore it behooved him in every respect to be made like his brethren that he might become a merciful and understanding sovereign ruler over them.
128:1.10 And yet, throughout all these years of his life in the flesh he was truly divine. He was actually a Creator Son of the Paradise Father. When once he had espoused his public career, subsequent to the technical completion of his purely mortal experience of sovereignty acquirement, he did not hesitate publicly to admit that he was the Son of God. He did not hesitate to declare, "I am Alpha and Omega, the beginning and the end, the first and the last." He made no protest in later years when he was called Lord of Glory, Ruler of a Universe, the Lord God of all creation, the Holy One of Israel, the Lord of all, our Lord and our God, God with us, having a name above every name and on all worlds, the Omnipotence of a universe, the Universe Mind of this creation, the One in whom are hid all treasures of wisdom and knowledge, the fullness of Him who fills all things, the eternal Word of the eternal God, the One who was before all things and in whom all things consist, the Creator of the heavens and the earth, the Upholder of a universe, the Judge of all the earth, the Giver of life eternal, the True Shepherd, the Deliverer of the worlds, and the Captain of our salvation.
128:1.11 He never objected to any of these titles as they were applied to him subsequent to the emergence from his purely human life into the later years of his self-consciousness of the ministry of divinity in humanity, and for humanity, and to humanity on this world and for all other worlds. Jesus objected to but one title as applied to him: When he was once called Immanuel, he merely replied, "Not I, that is my elder brother."
128:1.13 After his baptism he thought nothing of permitting his sincere believers and grateful followers to worship him. Even while he wrestled with poverty and toiled with his hands to provide the necessities of life for his family, his awareness that he was a Son of God was growing; he knew that he was the maker of the heavens and this very earth whereon he was now living out his human existence. And the hosts of celestial beings throughout the great and onlooking universe likewise knew that this man of Nazareth was their beloved Sovereign and Creator-father. A profound suspense pervaded the universe of Nebadon throughout these years; all celestial eyes were continuously focused on Urantia—on Palestine.
128:1.15 Joseph asked Jesus many leading questions concerning his life mission, but to most of these inquiries Jesus would only reply, "My hour has not yet come." However, in these intimate discussions many words were dropped which Joseph remembered during the stirring events of subsequent years. Jesus, with Joseph, spent this Passover with his three friends at Bethany, as was his custom when in Jerusalem attending these festival commemorations.
128:2.1 This was one of several years during which Jesus' brothers and sisters were facing the trials and tribulations peculiar to the problems and readjustments of adolescence. Jesus now had brothers and sisters ranging in ages from seven to eighteen, and he was kept busy helping them to adjust themselves to the new awakenings of their intellectual and emotional lives. He had thus to grapple with the problems of adolescence as they became manifest in the lives of his younger brothers and sisters.
128:2.2 This year Simon graduated from school and began work with Jesus' old boyhood playmate and ever-ready defender, Jacob the stone mason. As a result of several family conferences it was decided that it was unwise for all the boys to take up carpentry. It was thought that by diversifying their trades they would be prepared to take contracts for putting up entire buildings. Again, they had not all kept busy since three of them had been working as full-time carpenters.
128:2.4 Before taking up his new employment at Sepphoris, Jesus held one of his periodic family conferences and solemnly installed James, then just past eighteen years old, as acting head of the family. He promised his brother hearty support and full co-operation and exacted formal promises of obedience to James from each member of the family. From this day James assumed full financial responsibility for the family, Jesus making his weekly payments to his brother. Never again did Jesus take the reins out of James's hands. While working at Sepphoris he could have walked home every night if necessary, but he purposely remained away, assigning weather and other reasons, but his true motive was to train James and Joseph in the bearing of the family responsibility. He had begun the slow process of weaning his family. Each Sabbath Jesus returned to Nazareth, and sometimes during the week when occasion required, to observe the working of the new plan, to give advice and offer helpful suggestions.
128:2.6 The moral standards of this home city of Herod Antipas were so far below those of even the caravan city of Nazareth that after six months' sojourn at Sepphoris Jesus was not averse to finding an excuse for returning to Nazareth. The group he worked for were to become engaged on public work in both Sepphoris and the new city of Tiberias, and Jesus was disinclined to have anything to do with any sort of employment under the supervision of Herod Antipas. And there were still other reasons which made it wise, in the opinion of Jesus, for him to go back to Nazareth. When he returned to the repair shop, he did not again assume the personal direction of family affairs. He worked in association with James at the shop and as far as possible permitted him to continue oversight of the home. James's management of family expenditures and his administration of the home budget were undisturbed.
128:2.7 It was by just such wise and thoughtful planning that Jesus prepared the way for his eventual withdrawal from active participation in the affairs of his family. When James had had two years' experience as acting head of the family—and two full years before he (James) was to be married—Joseph was placed in charge of the household funds and intrusted with the general management of the home.
128:3.6 And this was the same Stephen who subsequently became a believer in the teachings of Jesus, and whose boldness in preaching this early gospel resulted in his being stoned to death by irate Jews. Some of Stephen's extraordinary boldness in proclaiming his view of the new gospel was the direct result of this earlier interview with Jesus. But Stephen never even faintly surmised that the Galilean he had talked with some fifteen years previously was the very same person whom he later proclaimed the world's Savior, and for whom he was so soon to die, thus becoming the first martyr of the newly evolving Christian faith. When Stephen yielded up his life as the price of his attack upon the Jewish temple and its traditional practices, there stood by one named Saul, a citizen of Tarsus. And when Saul saw how this Greek could die for his faith, there were aroused in his heart those emotions which eventually led him to espouse the cause for which Stephen died; later on he became the aggressive and indomitable Paul, the philosopher, if not the sole founder, of the Christian religion.
128:3.8 Mary was much upset by Simon's report that Jesus spent most of the time when in Jerusalem "visiting with the strangers, especially those from the far countries." Jesus' family never could comprehend his great interest in people, his urge to visit with them, to learn about their way of living, and to find out what they were thinking about.
128:4.1 The last four months of this year Jesus spent in Damascus as the guest of the merchant whom he first met at Philadelphia when on his way to Jerusalem. A representative of this merchant had sought out Jesus when passing through Nazareth and escorted him to Damascus. This part-Jewish merchant proposed to devote an extraordinary sum of money to the establishment of a school of religious philosophy at Damascus. He planned to create a center of learning which would out-rival Alexandria. And he proposed that Jesus should immediately begin a long tour of the world's educational centers preparatory to becoming the head of this new project. This was one of the greatest temptations that Jesus ever faced in the course of his purely human career.
128:4.2 Presently this merchant brought before Jesus a group of twelve merchants and bankers who agreed to support this newly projected school. Jesus manifested deep interest in the proposed school, helped them plan for its organization, but always expressed the fear that his other and unstated but prior obligations would prevent his accepting the direction of such a pretentious enterprise. His would-be benefactor was persistent, and he profitably employed Jesus at his home doing some translating while he, his wife, and their sons and daughters sought to prevail upon Jesus to accept the proffered honor. But he would not consent. He well knew that his mission on earth was not to be supported by institutions of learning; he knew that he must not obligate himself in the least to be directed by the "councils of men," no matter how well-intentioned.
128:4.8 By the end of this year the Nazareth home was running fairly smoothly. The children were growing up, and Mary was becoming accustomed to Jesus' being away from home. He continued to turn over his earnings to James for the support of the family, retaining only a small portion for his immediate personal expenses.
128:5.1 This was Jesus' first year of comparative freedom from family responsibility. James was very successful in managing the home with Jesus' help in counsel and finances.
128:5.4 Jesus listened to all they had to say, thanked them for their confidence, and, in declining to go to Alexandria, in substance said, "My hour has not yet come." They were nonplused by his apparent indifference to the honor they had sought to confer upon him. Before taking leave of Jesus, they presented him with a purse in token of the esteem of his Alexandrian friends and in compensation for the time and expense of coming over to Caesarea to confer with them. But he likewise refused the money, saying: "The house of Joseph has never received alms, and we cannot eat another's bread as long as I have strong arms and my brothers can labor."
128:5.7 But human affairs on the worlds of time and space do not run smoothly for long. In December James had a private talk with Jesus, explaining that he was much in love with Esta, a young woman of Nazareth, and that they would sometime like to be married if it could be arranged. He called attention to the fact that Joseph would soon be eighteen years old, and that it would be a good experience for him to have a chance to serve as the acting head of the family. Jesus gave consent for James's marriage two years later, provided he had, during the intervening time, properly trained Joseph to assume direction of the home.
128:5.8 And now things began to happen—marriage was in the air. James's success in gaining Jesus' assent to his marriage emboldened Miriam to approach her brother-father with her plans. Jacob, the younger stone mason, onetime self-appointed champion of Jesus, now business associate of James and Joseph, had long sought to gain Miriam's hand in marriage. After Miriam had laid her plans before Jesus, he directed that Jacob should come to him making formal request for her and promised his blessing for the marriage just as soon as she felt that Martha was competent to assume her duties as eldest daughter.
128:6.2 Jesus was one of the most robust and refined specimens of manhood to appear on earth since the days of Adam. His physical development was superb. His mind was active, keen, and penetrating—compared with the average mentality of his contemporaries, it had developed gigantic proportions—and his spirit was indeed humanly divine.
128:6.3 The family finances were in the best condition since the disappearance of Joseph's estate. The final payments had been made on the caravan repair shop; they owed no man and for the first time in years had some funds ahead. This being true, and since he had taken his other brothers to Jerusalem for their first Passover ceremonies, Jesus decided to accompany Jude (who had just graduated from the synagogue school) on his first visit to the temple.
128:6.6 Jesus endeavored to obtain either an immediate hearing for Jude or else his release in time for the Passover celebration that evening, but he failed in these attempts. Since the next day was a "holy convocation" in Jerusalem, even the Romans would not presume to hear charges against a Jew. Accordingly, Jude remained in confinement until the morning of the second day after his arrest, and Jesus stayed at the prison with him. They were not present in the temple at the ceremony of receiving the sons of the law into the full citizenship of Israel. Jude did not pass through this formal ceremony for several years, until he was next in Jerusalem at a Passover and in connection with his propaganda work in behalf of the Zealots, the patriotic organization to which he belonged and in which he was very active.
128:6.7 The morning following their second day in prison Jesus appeared before the military magistrate in behalf of Jude. By making apologies for his brother's youth and by a further explanatory but judicious statement with reference to the provocative nature of the episode which had led up to the arrest of his brother, Jesus so handled the case that the magistrate expressed the opinion that the young Jew might have had some possible excuse for his violent outburst. After warning Jude not to allow himself again to be guilty of such rashness, he said to Jesus in dismissing them: "You had better keep your eye on the lad; he's liable to make a lot of trouble for all of you." And the Roman judge spoke the truth. Jude did make considerable trouble for Jesus, and always was the trouble of this same nature—clashes with the civil authorities because of his thoughtless and unwise patriotic outbursts.
128:6.8 Jesus and Jude walked over to Bethany for the night, explaining why they had failed to keep their appointment for the Passover supper, and set out for Nazareth the following day. Jesus did not tell the family about his young brother's arrest at Jerusalem, but he had a long talk with Jude about this episode some three weeks after their return. After this talk with Jesus Jude himself told the family. He never forgot the patience and forbearance his brother-father manifested throughout the whole of this trying experience.
128:6.11 The children were always welcome at the repair shop. Jesus provided sand, blocks, and stones by the side of the shop, and bevies of youngsters flocked there to amuse themselves. When they tired of their play, the more intrepid ones would peek into the shop, and if its keeper were not busy, they would make bold to go in and say, "Uncle Joshua, come out and tell us a big story." Then they would lead him out by tugging at his hands until he was seated on the favorite rock by the corner of the shop, with the children on the ground in a semicircle before him. And how the little folks did enjoy their Uncle Joshua. They were learning to laugh, and to laugh heartily. It was customary for one or two of the smallest of the children to climb upon his knees and sit there, looking up in wonderment at his expressive features as he told his stories. The children loved Jesus, and Jesus loved the children.
128:7.2 At this time he thought much but said little about the relation of himself to his Father in heaven. And the conclusion of all this thinking was expressed once in his prayer on the hilltop, when he said: "Regardless of who I am and what power I may or may not wield, I always have been, and always will be, subject to the will of my Paradise Father." And yet, as this man walked about Nazareth to and from his work, it was literally true—as concerned a vast universe—that "in him were hidden all the treasures of wisdom and knowledge."
128:7.4 Jesus was a man of peace, and ever and anon was he embarrassed by Jude's belligerent exploits and numerous patriotic outbursts. James and Joseph were in favor of casting him out, but Jesus would not consent. When their patience would be severely tried, Jesus would only counsel: "Be patient. Be wise in your counsel and eloquent in your lives, that your young brother may first know the better way and then be constrained to follow you in it." The wise and loving counsel of Jesus prevented a break in the family; they remained together. But Jude never was brought to his sober senses until after his marriage.
128:7.5 Mary seldom spoke of Jesus' future mission. Whenever this subject was referred to, Jesus only replied, "My hour has not yet come." Jesus had about completed the difficult task of weaning his family from dependence on the immediate presence of his personality. He was rapidly preparing for the day when he could consistently leave this Nazareth home to begin the more active prelude to his real ministry for men.
128:7.9 At last the day had come when all Jesus' brothers had chosen, and were established in, their lifework. The stage was being set for Jesus' departure from home.
128:7.11 James and his bride, Esta, moved into a neat little home on the west side of town, the gift of her father. While James continued his support of his mother's home, his quota was cut in half because of his marriage, and Joseph was formally installed by Jesus as head of the family. Jude was now very faithfully sending his share of funds home each month. The weddings of James and Miriam had a very beneficial influence on Jude, and when he left for the fishing grounds, the day after the double wedding, he assured Joseph that he could depend on him "to do my full duty, and more if it is needed." And he kept his promise.
128:7.12 Miriam lived next door to Mary in the home of Jacob, Jacob the elder having been laid to rest with his fathers. Martha took Miriam's place in the home, and the new organization was working smoothly before the year ended.
128:7.13 The day after this double wedding Jesus held an important conference with James. He told James, confidentially, that he was preparing to leave home. He presented full title to the repair shop to James, formally and solemnly abdicated as head of Joseph's house, and most touchingly established his brother James as "head and protector of my father's house." He drew up, and they both signed, a secret compact in which it was stipulated that, in return for the gift of the repair shop, James would henceforth assume full financial responsibility for the family, thus releasing Jesus from all further obligations in these matters. After the contract was signed, after the budget was so arranged that the actual expenses of the family would be met without any contribution from Jesus, Jesus said to James: "But, my son, I will continue to send you something each month until my hour shall have come, but what I send shall be used by you as the occasion demands. Apply my funds to the family necessities or pleasures as you see fit. Use them in case of sickness or apply them to meet the unexpected emergencies which may befall any individual member of the family."
128:7.14 And thus did Jesus make ready to enter upon the second and home-detached phase of his adult life before the public entrance upon his Father's business.


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Q: Nested Stored Procedures Throwing Data Access Error on .NET Assembly Function First and foremost, the data server this is happening on is running SQL Server 2005 SP4, and unfortunately it's not an option to upgrade.  We've been pushing the client to upgrade for the three years we've managed this thing but it still hasn't happened.
This data server hosts a ton of SQL stored procedures, many of which call .NET assembly functions that query other data sources.  My current task is to get one of these SPs ("sample2") to return a piece of information that another SP gathers ("sample1"), and instead of duplicating the code, I thought I'd just call the second SP from the first, but right now I'm getting this error:
Msg 6522, Level 16, State 1, Procedure stacked_proc_sample, Line 5 [Batch Start Line 36]
    A .NET Framework error occurred during execution of user-defined routine or aggregate "GetUserStatus":
    System.InvalidOperationException: Data access is not allowed in this context.  Either the context is a function or method not marked with DataAccessKind.Read or SystemDataAccessKind.Read, is a callback to obtain data from FillRow method of a Table Valued Function, or is a UDT validation method.

Here's my current code.  I wrote these two dummy SPs to narrow down the problem.  "GetUserStatus" is a function from an Assembly written in C# that pulls information from some other data system and returns a SQL Server table, and I do have the code for it, but am not an expert on SQL assemblies.  The assembly is currently using the "unrestricted" permission set.
create procedure stacked_proc_sample1
AS
BEGIN
    select firstname,lastname from GetUserStatus([params])
END;

create procedure stacked_proc_sample2
AS
BEGIN
    declare @results table(
        firstname varchar(50),
        lastname varchar(50)
    )
    insert into @results --If I remove this "insert" line, this SP works
        exec stacked_proc_sample1

    select * from @results

END;

exec stacked_proc_sample1; --works
exec stacked_proc_sample2; --error

The first "sample" proc successfully calls the assembly function and returns data.  The second "sample" that calls the first one throws the error.  The issue seems to involve that "insert into" statement; if I remove it, it executes without error (but I'm then not capturing the data I need).  If I copy the temporary table logic into the first SP, I get the same behavior; the first SP works but not when I nest it into the second one.
Is there another way I should be capturing the return from the first "sample"?  I'd like to not overhaul how the inner SP returns its data, but I can freely change how it's called by the outer SP, or change properties on the assembly.  And the real "sample1" has a big logic fork in it where it calls one of eight "GetUserStatus" alternatives, so I really don't want to copy/paste all that logic into the real "sample2".

A: I've come up with a suitable workaround for this using an OUTPUT parameter on the inner SP ("sample1") instead of using INSERT EXEC in "sample2".
I'm not sure if you can return a table in this manner, but the real "sample1" selects its results as XML, so I really only need to pass back one field anyway.  And if it did select a table, it would be easy enough to turn it into XML just to stuff it into the return variable.
alter procedure stacked_proc_sample1
(
    @output xml=null OUTPUT
)
AS
BEGIN
    --Selecting as XML now to better-match my actual use case.
    --Previously supplied example could just use two varchar output variables.
    select @output=
        (
        select firstname from GetUserStatus[params]
        FOR XML PATH('PERSON'), ROOT('ROOT'), ELEMENTS XSINIL
        )
END;

alter procedure stacked_proc_sample2
AS
BEGIN
    declare @_output xml;
    stacked_proc_sample1 @_output OUTPUT; --OUTPUT param doesn't throw the error my "INSERT EXEC" version threw
    --From here I can select the "firstname" node in the XML
    select @_output;
END;

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Writing prompt challenge: You are a villain assigned to a newly created (?) heroine. There is but one problem: she finds everything cute and cuddles it. You included.
15 years ago, I was a tenured professor with a few controversial ideas. 15 experiments later, and my tenure was revoked. 15 drone operated massacres earned me a 15-minute conversation with the head my newer, less academia-oriented association. 15 million dollars in funding for further experiments, complete with a fully stocked laboratory and a militia of henchmen, was the result.
15 seconds of facing her made me consider teaching again.
It's a standard order of operations in this line of work. An entry, a smokescreen, a show of force with the first responders, a well-secured bounty of profitable contraband in the bag, and an easy exit. That's how it usually went. Well-calculated chaos. In the worst-case scenario, I'd have to have some of my men polish the Sunset Behemoth's hull as punishment for sloppiness that cost us time. At the moment, I may not have enough men with complete bones left for a proper car wash.
The squad captain's communicator cutting out spared me the sound of his final moments at close range, but I could still hear it. Even while behind over a foot of Sunset Behemoth's reinforced plating, I heard a crude chorus of wet chicken bones in a trash compactor. The HUD's light flickered in and out of life as the third backup power source was tapped.
Just moments earlier, when the sound of bullets uselessly skittering off Behemoth's plating had initially stopped, I'd assumed we had scared off the cavalry and were in the clear. She replaced them.
Even from a football field away, I could tell that she could wear the overturned vehicles for slippers. Tall enough to face me in the control center of my armored masterpiece. With just 3 strides, she closed the distance and had my masterpiece in a crushing bear hug. Spider webs of glass fissures spread across the windows like a wind-fed wildfire.
I was taken aback, but still unshaken. Just another over-sized dog of the self-righteous status quo, I thought. Probably still a rookie. Definitely not at the top of her class for critical thinking.
Even while constricted, I could fire a single homing rocket from one of Sunset Behemoth's unobstructed barrels that turned her bus-sized shoulder into smoldering mincemeat. Her grip loosened. I was satisfied. Then her blood hit the street stories below, and I paid for my hubris.
From the giant's pools of spilled blood droplets rose smaller but perfectly identical copies. Drastically shorter but still Amazonian compared to a human woman. They swarmed Sunset Behemoth's foundation like fire ants.The interior began to tilt at an alarming rate.
With Sunset Behemoth still immobilized by the giantess's hug, I ordered the bulk of my men to descend and engage the screaming army of eight-foot tall schoolgirls below before they could capsize the machine. The final hug of their lives awaited each of them on the ground.
From one camera that still remained online, I could see what remained of that shoulder I'd obliterated with the first rocket. It had reformed. Creating more clones with another would not do.
As the cockpit turned nearly 90 degrees, I could only be grateful that I had made sure to install a single seat belt in Sunset Behemoth's control center chair.