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Mathura (About this sound pronunciation (help·info)) is a city in the North Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is located approximately 50 kilometres (31 mi) north of Agra, and 145 kilometres (90 mi) south-east of Delhi; about 11 kilometres (6.8 mi) from the town of Vrindavan, and 22 kilometres (14 mi) from Govardhan. It is the administrative centre of Mathura district of Uttar Pradesh. In ancient times, Mathura was an economic hub, located at the junction of important caravan routes. The 2011 Census of India estimated the population of Mathura to be 441,894.
In Hinduism, Mathura is believed to be the birthplace of Krishna, which is located at the Krishna Janmasthan Temple Complex.[1] It is one of the Sapta Puri, the seven cities considered holy by Hindus. The Kesava Deo Temple was built in ancient times on the site of Krishna's birthplace (an underground prison). Mathura was the capital of the kingdom of Surasena, ruled by Kansa, the maternal uncle of Krishna.
Mathura has been chosen as one of the heritage cities for Heritage City Development and Augmentation Yojana scheme of Government of India.
3 Demographics
4.1 Rail
4.2 Road
4.3 Tram
4.4 Air
6 Strategic importances
7 Industries
8 Politics
9 Culture
10 Media and communications
11 Educational institutions
13 Quotes about Mathura
13.1 Quotes about Ahmed Shah Durrani in Mathura
13.2 Quotes about Mahmud of Ghazni in Mathura
13.3 Quotes about Sikandar Lodi in Mathura
See also: Mathura art
File:Mathura India 2 in 1949.jpg
Mathura in 1949
File:*Bindrabun -Vrindavan-. Gate of Shet Lukhmeechund's Temple; a photo by Eugene Clutterbuck Impey, 1860's.jpg
Gate of Shet Lukhmeechund's Temple, a photo by Eugene Clutterbuck Impey, 1860's.
File:Kanishka enhanced.jpg
Statue of Kanishka I, 2nd century CE, Mathura Museum.
File:KITLV 87971 - Unknown - Sculpture of a woman at Mathura in British India - 1897.tif
Sculpture of woman from ancient Braj-Mathura ca. 2nd century CE.
Mathura has an ancient history and also believed to be the homeland and birthplace of Krishna who was born in Yadu dynasty. According to the Archaeological Survey of India plaque at the Mathura Museum, the city is mentioned in the oldest Indian epic, the Ramayana. In the epic, the Ikshwaku prince Shatrughna slays a demon called Lavanasura and claims the land. Afterwards, the place came to be known as Madhuvan as it was thickly wooded, then Madhupura and later Mathura.[2]
Archaeological excavations at Mathura show the gradual growth of a village into an important city. The earliest period belonged to the Painted Grey Ware culture (1100-500 BCE), followed by the Northern Black Polished Ware culture (700-200 BCE). Mathura derived its importance as a center of trade due to its location where the northern trade route of the Indo-Gangetic Plain met with the routes to Malwa (central India) and the west coast.[3]
By the 6th century BCE Mathura became the capital of the Surasena Kingdom.[4] The city was later ruled by the Maurya empire (4th to 2nd centuries BCE). Megasthenes, writing in the early 3rd century BCE, mentions Mathura as a great city under the name Μέθορα (Méthora).[5] It seems it never was under the direct control of the following Shunga dynasty (2nd century BCE) as not a single archaeological remain of a Shunga presence were ever found in Mathura.[6]
The Indo-Greeks may have taken control, direct or indirect, of Mathura some time between 180 BCE and 100 BCE, and remained so as late as 70 BCE according to the Yavanarajya inscription,[6] which was found in Maghera, a town 17 kilometres (11 mi) from Mathura.[7] The opening of the 3 line text of this inscription in Brahmi script translates as: "In the 116th year of the Yavana kingdom..."[8][9] or '"In the 116th year of Yavana hegemony" ("Yavanarajya")[6] However, this also corresponds to the presence of the native Mitra dynasty of local rulers in Mathura, in approximately the same time frame (150 BCE—50 BCE), possibly pointing to a vassalage relationship with the Indo-Greeks.[6]
After a period of local rule, Mathura was conquered by the Indo-Scythians during the first 1st century BCE. The Indo-Scythian satraps of Mathura are sometimes called the "Northern Satraps", as opposed to the "Western Satraps" ruling in Gujarat and Malwa. However, Indo-Scythian control proved to be short lived, following the reign of the Indo-Scythian Mahakshatrapa ("Great Satrap") Rajuvula, c. 10–25 CE.
The Kushan Empire took control of Mathura some time after Rajuvula, although several of his successors ruled as Kushans vassals, such as the Indo-Scythian "Great Satrap" Kharapallana and the "Satrap" Vanaspara, both of whom paid allegiance to the Kushans in an inscription at Sarnath, dating to the 3rd year of the reign of the Kushan emperor Kanishka c. 130 CE.[10] Mathuran art and culture reached its zenith under the Kushan dynasty which had Mathura as one of its capitals. [11] The preceding capitals of the Kushans included Kapisa (modern Bagram, Afghanistan), Purushapura (modern Peshawar, Pakistan) and Takshasila/Sirsukh/ (modern Taxila, Pakistan). Faxian mentions the city as a centre of Buddhism about 400 CE while his successor Xuanzang, who visited the city in 634 CE, mentions it as Mot'ulo, recording that it contained twenty Buddhist monasteries and five Brahmanical temples.[12] Later, he went east to Thanesar, Jalandhar in the eastern Punjab, before climbing up to visit predominantly Theravada monasteries in the Kulu valley and turning southward again to Bairat and then Mathura, on the Yamuna river.[13]
The city was sacked and many of its temples destroyed by Mahmud of Ghazni in 1018 CE[12] and again by Sikandar Lodhi, who ruled the Sultanate of Delhi from 1489 to 1517 CE.[14][15] Sikander Lodhi earned the epithet of 'Butt Shikan', the 'Destroyer of Hindu deities'. The Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb, built the Shahi-Eidgah Mosque during his rule, which is adjacent to Shri Krishna Janmabhoomi believed to be over a Hindu temple.[16]
In.[17]
Geography[edit]
Mathura is located at Lua error: callParserFunction: function "#coordinates" was not found..[18] It has an average elevation of 174 metres (570 feet).
Demographics[edit]
Religions in Mathura City
Religion Percent
Others†
The 2011 census of India estimates the population of Mathura to be 441,894, a decadal growth rate of 22.53 per cent from 2001 census of India. Males account for 54% (268,445) and females for 46% (173,449) of this population. Sex ratio of Mathura is 858 females per 1000 males, which has increased from 840 in 2001. However, national sex ratio is 940. Population density in 2011 has increased from 621 per km2 in 2001 to 761 per km2. Mathura has an average literacy rate of 72.65 per cent which has increased from 61.46 percent in 2001 but still lower than the national average of 74.04 per cent. Male and female literacy rate are 84.39 and 58.93 per cent respectively. 15.61 percent of Mathura's population is under 6 years of age. This figure was 19.56 per cent in 2001 census.[19] Mathura has large population of Jat in rural areas and Brahmins & Baniyas in urban areas.[citation needed]
The famous cities/villages of Mathura District are as follows.
Baldeo
Goverdhan
Gokul
Kosi Kalan
nauhjhil
Transportation[edit]
Rail[edit]
Mathura is situated on the major Delhi-Mumbai train route. Both Central railway and Western Railway routes pass through Mathura. The Central Railway route moves further to Agra and beyond, whereas the western Railway route moves to Bharatpur and beyond. Thus, Mathura is well connected by train to major cities in India such as New Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, Bangalore, Hyderabad, Indore, Alwar, Jaipur, Bhopal, Gwalior, Jabalpur, Ujjain, Rewa, Lucknow, Kanpur, Ayodhya, Varanasi etc.
The city is served by six stations, Mathura Junction,Mathura Cantt.,Bhuteshwar,Baad,Masani,KrishnaJanambhoomi.Mathura Junction being the biggest one connecting to West, North and Southern India. Mathura Cantt connects to eastern Uttar Pradesh. Bhuteshwar serves for local trains for Delhi, Delhi NCR, Agra, Bharatpur and Alwar. Another station Krishnajanmabhoomi connects to Vrindavan via rail bus.
Important train that origin/terminate from Mathura: 12177/Howrah - Mathura Chambal Express.[20]
Road[edit]
Mathura is well connected by road to the rest of Uttar Pradesh and India. NH 19 (Delhi-Howrah) and NH 44 (Srinagar to Kanyakumari) pass through the city. UP SH 33 (Bareilly to Mathura via Badaun, Ujhani, Kasganj, Soron, Sikandra Rao, Hathras) is a prominent arterial highway. Yamuna Expressway also connects to Mathura and, in fact, is the shortest way to reach Mathura by road.
The city is served by Upsrtc, JNNURAM, Rajasthan, Haryana, Madhya Pradesh, DTC, Chandigarh and Punjab state transportation bus companies. Mathura depot, run by the Uttar Pradesh State Bus Company - runs 120 buses. Direct buses are available to Alwar, Agra, Aligarh, Khair, Indore, Bhopal, Gwalior, Jabalpur, Jaipur, Udaipur, Ajmer, Delhi, Chandigarh, Lucknow, Kanpur, Meerut, Haridwar, Rohtak and other Indian cities. An intercity JNNURM bus facility also exists.
Tram[edit]
A tram network has been proposed in the city, which would make Mathura only the second city in India (after Kolkata) to get tram transport. In 2017, the local MLA Shrikant Sharma announced that the trams will be operation in Mathura and Vrindavan by 2018.[21]
Air[edit]
As of now, the city has no airport but the airport was proposed to Mathura in 2012. The civil aviation minister Ajit Singh suggested Mathura's name for the site of a new greenfield international airport to chief minister of Uttar Pradesh Akhilesh Yadav. Mathura's name came into play when group of ministers terminated the planning of building Taj International Airport at Greater Noida. Land has been marked, and construction is in progress near the Yamuna Expressway, with plans to open in the next five years with regular flights to Delhi, Mumbai, Ujjain and Varanasi and some international routes in future.[22][23][24]
Tourism[edit]
File:Mathura India (2).JPG
Entrance to the Shri Krishna Janmabhoomi temple complex.
Mathura is a holy city for Hinduism, the world's third-largest religion. There are many places of historic and religious importance in Mathura and its neighbouring towns. The twin-city to Mathura is Vrindavan. As the home of Krishna in his youth, the small town is host to a multitude of temples belonging to various sects of Hinduism proclaiming Krishna in various forms and avatars. Some places of interest are:
Keshav Dev Temple (Shri Krishna Janmabhoomi)
Dwarkadheesh temple Mathura
Vishram Ghat (Bank of River Yamuna)
Krishna Balaram Mandir
Prem Mandir, Vrindavan
Kusum Sarovar, Govardhan
Baldeo (Dauji Mandir)
Lohwan Mata Mandir
Shri Ratneshwar Mahadev
Gopinath Maharaj Mandir
Shri Jagannath Temple Bhuteshwar Mathura
Vrindavan Chandrodaya Mandir, Vrindavan (Under Construction)
Mathura Museum
Naam yog Sadhna Mandir (Baba Jai Gurudev Temple)
Banke Bihari Temple
Radha Raman Temple
Iskcon Temple
Rangeeli Mahal Barsana
Bhuteshwar Temple
Kokilavan
The Udasin Kashni Ashram (Ramanrati) near Gokul (Mahaven)
Shri Alkheswar Mahadev Mandir
Rangeshwar Temple
Galteshwar Mahadev (Backside of Krishna Janam Bhoomi)
Jama Mosque, Mathura
Shahi-Eidgah Mosque, adjacent to Shri Krishna Janmabhoomi
Strategic importances[edit]
Mathura is the home for I Corps (Strike Formation)[25][26] within the Indian Army's Central Command, hosting Strike I Corps headquarters in a large classified area in the outskirts of the city known as Mathura Cantonment (Central Command itself has its headquarters at Lucknow). It hosts Strike Infantry units, air defence units, armoured divisions, engineer brigades, artillery Units and classified units of Strategic Forces Command. The I Corps is primarily responsible for western borders of India. In 2007 during Exercise Ashwamedha, all the armoured, artillery and infantry divisions performed a simulation of an overall NBC (nuclear-chemical-biological) environment. The aim was to show operational ability in high intensity, short duration and 'sudden' battles.[27]
Industries[edit]
Mathura Refinery located in the city is one of the biggest oil refineries of Asia with 8.0 MMTPA refining capacity.[28] This oil refinery of the Indian Oil Corporation is a highly technologically advanced oil refinery.[28] Mathura Refinery is the first in Asia and third in the world to receive the coveted ISO-14001 certification for Environment Management System in 1996.
Textile printing industry that includes both sari-printing and fabric dyeing and silver ornaments manufacturing are major industrial contributors to the region.[29]
Politics[edit]
In the 2014 General Elections, Hema Malini of the Bharatiya Janata Party became the Member of Parliament from Mathura Constituency. The Mayor of the city is Mr. Mukesh Arya Bandhu of BJP. In Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election, 2017 Shrikant Sharma of the Bharatiya Janata Party became the Member of Legislative Assembly from Mathura Constituency.
Culture[edit]
File:Varsana.jpg
Temple in Barsana, near Mathura, dedicated to the worship of Radha and Krishna. Being the birthplace of Krishna, Mathura is an important Hindu pilgrimage site
Mathura has contributed a lot towards Indian Culture through its rich heritage. The Braj culture has been expressed widely through various practices. Sanjhee is the colourful art of decorating the ground with flowers.
Rasiya is a tradition that is integral to Mathura's culture. It is the tradition of folk-songs that describe the love of the divine couple Radha and Krshnaji. It is an inseparable part of the Holi celebrations and all other festive occasions at Mathura. (Dhulendi – Holi with drums (dholak), colours, etc. originated from Braj region hundreds of millennia before today). Spanning over a month, various kinds of Holi celebrations take place in the city. Barsana's Latthamar and Pushpmar Holi are especially famous.
Raaslilas of Mathura have become an integral part of Indian Folklore. Krshnaji had danced the Raas with gopis on banks of Yamuna river. Charkula is a traditional folk dance of the Braj. In this dance, a woman balances a column of deepikas on her head and dances to the accompaniment of Rasiya songs by the menfolk.
The language spoken in the Braj mandal is mainly Hindi which is spoken in a different dialect. This dialect is characteristic with the Braj region and known as Brajbhasha. Being close to haryana and uttar pradesh haryanwi is spoken by people and very few people speak Punjabi. Before Hindi and until past few centuries, Brajbhasha used to be the dominant language in literature.
Mathura is one of the seven most holy places for Hindus in India.
Ayodhyā Mathurā Māyā Kāsi Kāñchī Avantikā I
Purī Dvārāvatī chaiva saptaitā moksadāyikāh II - Garuḍa Purāṇa I XVI .14
A Kṣetra is a sacred ground, a field of active power, a place where Moksha, final release can be obtained. The Garuda Purana enumerates seven cities as giver of Moksha, They are Ayodhya, Mathura, Māyā, Kāsi, Kāñchī, Avantikā, Puri and Dvārāvatī.[30]
Media and communications[edit]
All India Radio has a local station in Mathura which transmits various programs of mass interest. Commissioned in 2001, Mathura has a Programme generating Facility (PGF) of Doordarshan - India's Public service Broadcasters.
Educational institutions[edit]
B.S.A College of Engineering & Technology, GLA University, Sachdeva Institute of Technology, R.K. Group of Institutions (including K.D. Medical College, Hospital & Research Center, K.D. Dental College and Hospital, Rajiv Academy For Technology & Management, Rajiv Academy For Teacher's Education, Rajiv Academy For Pharmacy, etc.), Pmv Polytechnic and Sanskriti University. Krishna Mohan Medical College & Hospital on Sonkh Road Mathura.
Mathura is home to the U.P. Pt. Deen Dayal Upadhyay Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go-Ansundhan Sansthan, the first of its kind in the state and the fourth in the country to be made independent. The college was established in 1947 by Govt of U.P. and it is Asia's first veterinary college which awarded Veterinary science degree. The University is located on the Mathura-Agra road, about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) from Mathura Junction. The main campus of the University is spread over a land area of 782.32 acres (3.1659 km2) in Mathura Cantt and about 1,400 acres (6 km2) at Madhurikund, about 20 kilometres (12 mi) from the main campus.[31]
Quotes about Mathura[edit]
To travel to different places of pilgrimage means to attain emancipation from material bondage. This emancipation, however, is not the highest perfectional stage. After attaining this liberated stage, one has to become engaged in devotional service to the Lord. After attainment of the brahma-bhuta [liberation] stage, one can further advance to engagement in devotional service. So this attainment of transcendental loving devotional service to the Lord is the goal of life, and it can be achieved very easily for one who lives in Mathura-mandala even for a few seconds.
Padma Purana
Who is that person who will not agree to worship the land of Mathura? Mathura can deliver all the desires and ambitions of the fruitive workers and of the salvationists, who desire to become one with the Supreme Brahman. Certainly Mathura will deliver the desires of the devotees, who simply aspire to be engaged in the devotional service of the Lord."
Any person who becomes attracted to places other than Mathura will certainly be captivated by the illusory energy.
Varaha Purana
Quotes about Ahmed Shah Durrani in Mathura[edit]
The Hindu Bethlehem now lay utterly prostrate before the invaders. Early at dawn on 1st March the AfghAn cavalry burst into the unwalled and unsuspecting city of MathurA, and neither by their master's orders nor from the severe handling they received in yesterday's fight, were they in a mood to show mercy. For four hours there was an indiscriminate massacre and rape of the unresisting Hindu population - all of them non-combatants and many of them priests' 'Idols were broken and kicked about like polo-balls by the Islamic heroes.' [Husain Shahi, 39.] Houses were demolished in search of plunder and then wantonly set on fire. Glutted with the blood of three thousand men, SardAr JahAn Khan laid a contribution of one lakh on what remained of the population and marched away from the smoking ruins the same night.
'After the tiger came the jackal. 'When after the massacre Ahmad ShAh's troops marched onward from MathurA, Najib and his army remained there for three days, plundered much money and buried treasure, and carried off many beautiful females as captives.' [Nur, 15 b.] The blue waves of the JamunA gave eternal repose to such of her daughters as could flee to her outstretched arms; some other happy women found a nearer escape from dishonour by death in their household wells. But for those of their sisters who survived there was no escape from a fate worse than death. A Muslim eyewitness thus describes the scene in the ruined city a fortnight later. 'Everywhere in the lanes and bazaars lay the headless trunks of the slain and the whole city was burning. Many buildings had been knocked down. The water of the JamunA flowing past was of a yellowish color, as if polluted by blood. The man [a Muslim jeweller of the city, robbed of his all and fasting for several days] said that for seven days following the general slaughter the water had turned yellow. At the edge of the stream I saw a number of huts of vairAgis and sannyAsis [i.e., Hindu ascetic], in each of which lay a severed head with the head of a dead cow applied to its mouth and tied to it with a rope round its neck.'
'Issuing from the ruins of MathurA, JahAn Khan roamed the country round, and plundering everywhere as directed. VrindAvan, seven miles north of MathurA could not escape, as its wealth was indicated by its many temples. Here another general massacre was practised upon the inoffensive monks of the most pacific order of Vishnu's worshippers (c. 6th March). As the same Muhammadan diarist records after a visit to VrindAvan: 'Wherever you gazed you beheld heaps of the slain; you could only pick your way with difficulty, owing to the quantity of bodies lying about and the amount of blood spilt. At one place that we reached we saw about two hundred dead children lying in a heap. Not one of the dead bodies had a head' The stench and effluvium in the air were such that it was painful to open your mouth or even to draw breath.'...
'Moving a fortnight behind his vanguard, the AbdAli king himself came upon the scene. He had stormed Ballabhgarh on 3rd March and halted there for two days. On 15th March he arrived near MathurA, and wisely avoiding that reeking human shambles crossed over to the eastern bank of the Jamuna and encamped at MahAvan, six miles south-east of the city....'
Jadunath Sarkar, Fall of the Mughal Empire, Volume II, Fourth Edition, New Delhi, 1991, p.70-71
Quotes about Mahmud of Ghazni in Mathura[edit]
The Sultãn then departed from the environs of the city, in which was a temple of the Hindûs. The name of this place was Maharatul Hind' On both sides of the city there were a thousand houses, to which idol temples were attached, all strengthened from top to bottom by rivets of iron, and all made of masonry work'...'In the middle of the city there was a temple larger and firmer than the rest, which can neither be described nor painted. The Sultãn thus wrote respecting it: - 'If any should wish to construct a building equal to this, he would not be able to do it without expending an hundred thousand, thousand red dînãrs, and it would occupy two hundred years even though the most experienced and able workmen were employed The Sultãn gave orders that all the temples should be burnt with naptha and fire, and levelled with the ground.
Mahmud of Ghazni. Kitãbul-Yamînî, in Elliot and Dowson, History of India as told by its own Historians, Vol. II, p.44-45
From that place the Sultãn proceeded to a certain city, which was accounted holy by the people of the country. In that city the men of Ghaznîn saw so many strange and wonderful things, that to tell them or to write a description of them is not easy' In short, the Sultãn Mahmûd having possessed himself of the booty, burned their idol temples and proceeded towards Kanauj.
Mahmud of Ghazni. Elliot and Dowson, Vol. IV : Elliot and Dowson, History of India as told by its own Historians, 8 Volumes, Allahabad Reprint, 1964. p. 178-80
'From that place [Mahãwan] the Sultãn advanced to Mathurah, which is a large city containing many temples' and the Sultãn completely destroyed the city and burnt the temples' There was one golden idol which was broken up under the orders of the Sultãn...
Mahmud of Ghazni. The Tabqãt-i-Akbarî translated by B. De, Calcutta, 1973, Vol. I, p. 11-16
'From thence he went to Mathra which is a place of worship of the infidels and the birthplace of Kishan, the son of Basudev, whom the Hindûs Worship as a divinity - where there are idol temples without number, and took it without any contest and razed it to the ground. Great wealth and booty fell into the hands of the Muslims, among the rest they broke up by the orders of the Sultãn, a golden idol
Mahmud of Ghazni. Muntakhãbut-Tawãrikh, translated into English by George S.A. Ranking, Patna Reprint 1973, Vol. I, p. 17-28
'Mahmood having reached Tahnesur before the Hindoos had time to take measures for its defence, the city was plundered, the idols broken, and the idol Jugsom was sent to Ghizny to be trodden under foot...'Mahmood having refreshed his troops, and understanding that at some distance stood the rich city of Mutra, consecrated to Krishn-Vasdew, whom the Hindoos venerate as an emanation of God, directed his march thither and entering it with little opposition from the troops of the Raja of Delhy, to whom it belonged, gave it up to plunder. He broke down or burned all the idols, and amassed a vast quantity of gold and silver, of which the idols were mostly composed. He would have destroyed the temples also, but he found the labour would have been excessive; while some say that he was averted from his purpose by their admirable beauty. He certainly extravagantly extolled the magnificence of the buildings and city in a letter to the governor of Ghizny, in which the following passage occurs: 'There are here a thousand edifices as firm as the faith of the faithful; most of them of marble, besides innumerable temples; nor is it likely that this city has attained its present condition but at the expense of many millions of deenars, nor could such another be constructed under a period of two centuries.'...'The King tarried in Mutra 20 days; in which time the city suffered greatly from fire, beside the damage it sustained by being pillaged. At length he continued his march along the course of a stream on whose banks were seven strong fortifications, all of which fell in succession: there were also discovered some very ancient temples, which, according to the Hindoos, had existed for 4000 years. Having sacked these temples and forts, the troops were led against the fort of Munj'....'The King, in the year AH 410 (AD 1019), caused an account of his exploits to be written and sent to the Caliph, who ordered it to be read to the people of Bagdad, making a great festival upon the occasion, expressive of his joy at the propagation of the faith.'
Mahmud of Ghazni. Tãrîkh-i-Firishta, translated by John Briggs under the title History of the Rise of the Mahomedan Power in India, first published in 1829, New Delhi Reprint 1981, Vol. I, pp. 27-37.
Quotes about Sikandar Lodi in Mathura[edit]
He got the temples of the infidels destroyed. No trace of infidelity was left at the place in Mathurã where the infidels used to take bath. He got caravanserais constructed so that people could stay there, and also the shops of various professionals such as the butchers, bãwarchîs, nãnbãîs and sweetmeatsellers. If a Hindu went there for bathing even by mistake, he was made to lose his limbs and punished severely. No Hindu could get shaved at that place. No barber would go near a Hindu, whatever be the payment offered.
Sikandar Lodi. Wãqiãt-i-Mushtãqî, by Shykh Rizqullãh Mushtãqî, in: Uttara Taimûra Kãlîna Bhãrata, Persian texts translated into Hindi by S.A.A. Rizvi, 2 Volumes, Aligarh, 1958-59. Vol I. p. 102 ff, and In Goel, S.R. Hindu Temples - What happened to them
'He was a stout partisan of Islãm and made great endeavours on this score. He got all temples of the infidels demolished, and did not allow even a trace of them to remain. In Mathurã, where the infidels used to get together for bathing, he got constructed caravanserais, markets, mosques and madrasas, and appointed there officers with instructions that they should allow no one to bathe; if any Hindû desired to get his beard or head shaved in the city of Mathurã, no barber was prepared to cut his hair.
Sikandar Lodi. Tabqãt-i-Akharî, Translated from the Hindi version by S.A.A. Rizvi included in Uttara Taimûr Kãlîna Bhãrata, Aligarb, 1958. Vol. I, In Goel, S.R. Hindu Temples - What happened to them
He was so zealous a Musalmãn that he utterly destroyed divers places of worship of the infidels, and left not a vestige remaining of them. He entirely ruined the shrines of Mathurã, the mine of heathenism, and turned other principal Hindu places of worship into caravansarais and colleges. Their stone images were given to the butchers to serve them as meat-weight, and all the Hindus in Mathurã were strictly prohibited from shaving their heads and beards, and performing their ablutions...
Sikandar Lodi. Elliot and Dowson, History of India as told by its own Historians, 8 Volumes, Allahabad Reprint, 1964. Eliot and Dowson, Vol. IV, pp. 439-467
'He was firmly attached to the Mahomedan religion, and made a point of destroying all Hindoo temples. In the city of Mutra he caused musjids and bazars to be built opposite the bathing-stairs leading to the river and ordered that no Hindoos should be allowed to bathe there. He forbade the barbers to shave the beards and beads of the inhabitants, in order to prevent the Hindoos following their usual practices at such pilgrimages
Sikandar Lodi. Tãrîkh-i-Firishta, translated by John Briggs under the title History of the Rise of the Mahomedan Power in India, first published in 1829, New Delhi Reprint 1981, Vol. I, p.338-343
'The Islamic sentiment (in him) was so strong that he demolished all temples in his kingdom and left no trace of them. He constructed sarãis, bazãrs, madrasas and mosques in Mathurã which is a holy place of the Hindûs and where they go for bathing. He appointed government officials in order to see that no Hindû could bathe in Mathrã. No barber was permitted to shave the head of any Hindû with his razor. That is how he completely curtailed the public celebration of infidel customs...
Sikandar Lodi. Tãrîkh-i-Khãn Jahãn Lodî, Translated from the Urdu version by Muhammad Bashîr Husain, second edition, Lahore, 1986, pp. 172-179. In Goel S.R. Hindu Temples What Happened to them. Tãrîkh-i-Khãn Jahãnî wa Makhzan-i-Afghãnî of Khwãjah Niamatallãh Harwî, translated into Urdu by Muhammad Bashîr Husain, second edition, Lahore, 1986.
Kankali Tila
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↑ Upinder Singh (2008). A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th Century [archive]. Pearson Education India. pp. 281, 336. ISBN 978-81-317-1120-0. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ "Imperial Gazetteer of India. v. 18" [archive]. Digital South Asia Library. 1908. pp. 63–74. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ Megasthenes, fragment 23 "The Surasenians, an Indian tribe, with two great cities, Methora and Clisobora; the navigable river Iomanes flows through their territory" quoted in Arrian Indica 8.5. Also "The river Jomanes (Yamuna) flows through the Palibothri into the Ganges between the towns Methora and Carisobora." in FRAGM. LVI. Plin. Hist. Nat. VI. 21. 8-23. 11. [archive] Archived [archive] 10 December 2008 at the Wayback Machine.
↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 History of Early Stone Sculpture at Mathura: Ca. 150 BCE - 100 CE, Sonya Rhie Quintanilla, BRILL, 2007, p.8-10 [1] [archive]
↑ Bulletin of the Asia Institute [archive]. Wayne State University Press. p. 70. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ B. N. Mukherjee. Kushāṇa studies: new perspectives [archive]. Firma KLM. p. 13. ISBN 81-7102-109-3. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ Osmund Bopearachchi; Wilfried Pieper (1998). Ancient Indian coins [archive]. Brepols. ISBN 2-503-50730-1. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ A Catalogue of the Indian Coins in the British Museum. Andhras etc.... Rapson, p. ciii.
↑ Singh, Upinder (2008). A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th Century [archive]. Pearson Education India. ISBN 9788131716779. Retrieved 29 March 2017. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ 12.0 12.1 File:Wikisource-logo.svg Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Muttra" [archive]. Encyclopædia Britannica. 19 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 101–102. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles> (Mathura)
↑ File:Wikisource-logo.svg Yule, Henry; Douglas, Robert Kennaway (1911). "Hsüan Tsang" [archive]. In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica. 13 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 844. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ Sultan Sikandar Lodi [archive] The Muntakhabu-'rūkh by Al-Badāoni (16th-century historian), Packard Humanities Institute.
↑ Lodi Kings: Chart [archive] The Imperial Gazetteer of India, 1909, v. 2, p. 369..
↑ Asher, Catherine B (24 September 1992). "Architecture of Mughal India" [archive]. ISBN 9780521267281. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ Shailaja Neelakantan (3 June 2016). "Mathura violence death toll now 24, opposition blames Akhilesh govt" [archive]. The Times of India. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ "Maps, Weather, and Airports for Mathura, India" [archive]. Retrieved 3 June 2016. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ "Provisional Population Totals Paper 1 of 2011 : Uttar Pradesh" [archive]. 2011 Census of India. Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. Retrieved 10 February 2013. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ "Chambal Express" [archive]. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ Mathura to get tram network by 2018 [archive]
↑ "International airport now at Mathura" [archive]. Retrieved 3 June 2016. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ [2] [archive]
↑ "Centre invites proposal from UP for airport near Mathura - Times of India" [archive]. Retrieved 3 June 2016. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ Pike, John. "India - Army Central Command Order of Battle" [archive]. Retrieved 3 June 2016. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ "www.bharat-rakshak.com/LAND-FORCES/Army/Organisation.html" [archive]. Archived from the original [archive] on 19 February 2009. Retrieved 3 June 2016. Cite uses deprecated parameter |deadurl= (help)<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ "www.india-defence.com/reports/3115" [archive]. Archived from the original [archive] on 5 February 2012. Retrieved 3 June 2016. Cite uses deprecated parameter |deadurl= (help)<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ 28.0 28.1 "IndianOil Corporation | Mathura Refinery" [archive]. Iocl.com. Retrieved 2013-11-17. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ "Mathura Industries" [archive]. Mapsofindia.com. Retrieved 2013-11-17. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ Kramrisch, Stella; Burnier, Raymond (1 January 1976). "The Hindu Temple" [archive]. Motilal Banarsidass Publ. Retrieved 3 June 2016 – via Google Books. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
↑ "Mathura University" [archive]. Upvetuniv.edu.in. 25 October 2001. Archived from the original [archive] on 11 December 2013. Retrieved 17 November 2013. Cite uses deprecated parameter |dead-url= (help)<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
Mathura-The Cultural Heritage. Edited by Doris Meth Srinivasan, published in 1989 by AIIS/Manohar.
Konow, Sten. Editor. 1929. Kharoshthī Inscriptions with Exception of those of Ashoka. Corpus Inscriptionum Indicarum, Vol. II, Part I. Reprint: Indological Book House, Varanasi, 1969.
Mukherjee, B. N. 1981. Mathurā and its Society: The Śaka-Pahlava Phase. Firma K. L. M. Private Limited, Calcutta.
Sharma, R. C. 1976. Mathura Museum and Art. 2nd revised and enlarged edition. Government Museum, Mathura.
Growse, F. S. 1882. " Mathura A District Memoir.
Drake-Brockman, D. L. 1911. " Muttra A Gaztteer.
The Jain stûpa and other antiquities of Mathura [archive], by Smith, Vincent Arthur, 1848-1920. (1901)
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Template:Mathura district Template:Hindi Speaking Areas of India Template:Famous Vishnu temples https://swarajyamag.com/books/book-on-vasudeva-krishna-of-mathura-reinforces-hindu-claims-to-janmasthan [archive]
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Sponsor of the event since 2015 and Title Sponsor since 2016, the Banque Eric Sturdza has contributed to the success of our tournament. This partnership is a matter of course given the immense passion for tennis by its founder, Eric Sturdza.
Banque Eric Sturdza's commitment to the tournament goes beyond a partnership. The Bank is involved in further development of the tournament and is particularly promoting the "Village of Champions" operation.


Beijing Design Week 2011: a menu charting the water footprint of different dishes was presented to diners at a Beijing cafe during design week.
The how much water do you eat? menu displayed silhouettes of existing popular dishes at the Tian Hai cafe alongside a calculated breakdown of water used to produce the ingredients for each.
Information boxes in the booklet explain why roast duck uses the most water and why candied banana uses very little.
Elsewhere in the menu, graphs illustrated the water consumption of China compared with the global average and a chart showed customers the water footprint of an average person.
The Beijing Design Week event was a prelude to another that will take place at World Design Capital Helsinki 2012 and was curated by Helsinki Design Week founder Kari Korkman and design consultant Jane Withers.
A research group at Aalto University produced the information.
See more projects from Beijing Design Week here, including a pop-up teahouse with a heat-sensitive colour-changing table, and see our snapshots from the festival on our Facebook page.
The Wonderwater project is a series of events that will be seen and experienced in and around Helsinki in 2012.
The masterminds behind the concept are Helsinki Design Week's founder and producer Kari Korkman and consultant, curator and design journalist Jane Withers who is also a member of Helsinki Design Week's advisory board.
For Beijing Design Week, Helsinki Design Week and Aalto University Design Factory will bring a preview of the project to Dashilar with Wonderwater Café, achieved through a collaboration with the local Tian Hai restaurant.
Among other things, Tian Hai's menu will be redesigned such that customers will be able to see how much water goes into producing the ingredients of many of its most popular dishes, so as to to raise awareness of the water footprint and inspire the visitors to consider the environmental effects of locally and globally produced and distributed food.


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Cook Group awarded the Bloomington Chamber of Commerce 2016 Workforce Development Award
Bloomington, Ind. – Today, the Bloomington Chamber of Commerce announced Cook Group as the 2016 Workforce Development Award recipient in recognition the My Cook Pathway program the company launched in June. In partnership with Monroe County Community Schools Adult Education at Broadview Learning Center and Ivy Tech Community College Bloomington, the program creates a pathway between education and jobs in the community.
"Since our announcement this summer, more than 250 people have signed up to further their education," said Pete Yonkman, president of Cook Medical and Cook Group. "We're honored to be recognized with this award because it's a proof point to the impact that meaningful partnerships can make in communities like Bloomington."
Part of the redesigned education program includes a collaboration with Ivy Tech Bloomington called Achieve Your Degree. At no cost to the employee, this program allows participants to earn a certificate in seven programs including biotechnology, business administration, hospitality and various computing and informatics tracks. They can also continue their education by earning an Associate degree in these curricula developed for Cook.
Cook also developed a program with Broadview Learning Center for employees to work part-time while they pursue their High School Equivalency (HSE). Individuals in Southwest Central Indiana interested in working at Cook who do not have a high school diploma or HSE are eligible to participate in the program after successfully completing the pre-employment screening process. After attending the free seven-week preparatory class then taking and passing the Test Assessing Secondary Completion to obtain their HSE, individuals are eligible for a full-time position at Cook.
"From tuition assistance and the Achieve Your Degree program at Ivy Tech to individuals earning their High School Equivalency, the positive feedback about My Cook Pathway has been phenomenal," said Katie Smith, director of Human Resources at Cook Medical. "We're seeing the first round of students working to achieve higher education and it's already clear that this program will change lives in our community."
Since 1963 Cook Medical has worked closely with physicians to develop technologies that eliminate the need for open surgery. Today we are combining medical devices, biologic materials and cellular therapies to help the world's healthcare systems deliver better outcomes more efficiently. We have always remained family owned so that we have the freedom to focus on what we care about: patients, our employees and our communities. Find out more at www.cookmedical.com, and for the latest news, follow us on Twitter, Facebook and LinkedIn.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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2021 – Marcin Jedlinski – results
In 2021, the dominance of Czech drivers was stopped by Marcin Jedlinski. The Polish driver achieved his second overall championship title in our series. Previously, he celebrated already in 2017. At the same time, he become another driver who scored more than one overall championship title in our championship. Except for him, only three-time champion Miro Konopka took more than one title. Except for overall championship title, Jedlinski secured also ESET Sprint title and GT3 Sprint title in 2021 season.
2020 – Daniel Skalický – results
The Czech driver became the ESET Cup champion also in 2020 season. It was Daniel Skalický in that case. The Duck Racing driver, who raced with Audi R8 LMS Ultra GT3 car as the previous champion Richard Chlad, became the champion also in ESET Sprint, ESET Endurance and GT3 Endurance. In addition to these successes, Skalický took also the title of vice-champion in GT3 Sprint.
2019 – Richard Chlad jr. – results
In 2019, the ESET V4 Cup trophy for the overall win went to a Czech driver again. Marcin Jedlinski was succeeded by his GT3 category competitor Richard Chlad jr., who picked up where Jakub Knoll left in 2017. And the K+K Racing Team driver did not dominate only in Sprint races, but in Endurance events as well. And in the same manner, he took his Audi R8 LMS Ultra to the win in the GT3 Trophy championship.
Marcin Jedlinski became the first Polish driver to win the ESET V4 Cup 2018 championship, breaking years of Czech and Slovak dominance in the process. Marcin Jedlinski in his Audi R8 LMS GT3 and with Olimp Racing team dominated the season. They were amongst the favourites in every race – in both Sprints and Endurance – and just rarely did not live up to expectations. Especially in Endurance races he won all five races and gained the maximum amount of available points. In Sprints, he won six races and finished 2nd in the remaining three races.
2017 – Jakub Knoll – results
The first Czech to ever win the ESET V4 Cup was Jakub Knoll in 2017. He was driving for Šenkýř Motorsport team with BMW GT3 cars, switching between his favourite new M6 and Z4. The 2017 cup calendar consisted of five events supported also by other ESET V4 Cup series. Everything began at Hungaroring, followed by Red Bull Ring, Most, Slovakia Ring and Brno. ESET V4 Cup Touring Cars series then had two additional races at Most and Cerklje, Slovenia.
2016 – Miro Konôpka – results
After a one year break, Miro Konôpka had returned to the top and won the ESET V4 Cup once again in 2016. This time it took him a little longer with a new and very fast competitor Jakub Knoll, an expert in the sprint races. But he managed to do it with an Italian sports car Lamborghini Huracan. Konôpka then confirmed his ESET V4 Cup championship by winning the last two races, including his home race at Slovakia Ring. The only change in the calendar was a return of Poznań, which had replaced Salzburgring.
2015 – Štefan Rosina – results
It took until the 3rd season of ESET V4 Cup to see finally a different winner. And it was another driver from Slovakia, Štefan Rosina, who managed to win the championship with Alpina B6 GT3 of Racing Trevor team and BMW Z4 GT3 owned by Robert Šenkýř's team. Despite Rosina had taken three wins in endurance races, his true brilliance came to light in sprints, winning 8 out of 10 races. His great performance also got him a seat in Blancpain GT Series Sprint Cup for the following season. The 2015 calendar had seen a reduction back to six events as the series visited Hungaroring, Red Bull Ring, Salzburgring, Most, Slovakia Ring and Brno circuits.
In its 2nd season, ESET V4 Cup was expanded to seven events, thanks to a new event at Salzburgring, Austria. However, it was Miro Konôpka once again who dominated the season, taking six wins in total. He had been unbeatable in both, sprints and endurance races, as he kept driving with Porsche and American Saleen.
The very first season of ESET V4 Cup series was won by a Slovakian driver Miro Konôpka back in 2013. That season had consisted of six events, in which Konôpka was switching between two cars – a yellow Porsche 997 GT3 and then his favourite Saleen S7R. The 2013 season calendar featured two circuits typical for Formula 1 – Hungaroring and Red Bull Ring. ESET V4 Cup also visited circuits at Poznań, Most, Brno and in Slovakia. Miro Konôpka, racing for ARC Bratislava team, won four out of six races in total.


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package metamorphic.dsl.generator

import metamorphic.dsl.application.Application

import scala.reflect.macros.blackbox.Context

trait ServiceGenerator {

  def name: String
  def generate(application: Application)(implicit c: Context): List[c.Tree]
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Alexander COBB® men's underwear range includes slips, briefs, boxer shorts, and boxer long, and comes in 5 sizes (S, M, L, XL, XXL). Each pair is made with designer quality elastic band, 92 percent cotton, and 8 percent lycra, so they feel like your second skin.
Lift-up system in this Alexander COBB Men's Underwear trunk cuts gives you an extra security, and perfectly fits to your body.
Each pair is made with designer quality elastic band, 92% cotton, and 8% lycra, so they feel like your second skin. Alexander COBB® Men's Underwear is a product of the European Union (EU) Europe and therefore guarantees high production standards (EUR-1 certificate) combined with leading Scandinavian design.
Numerous certificateswitness about the quality of materials, and guarantee that the quality and its steadiness (colors, prints) surpass the price and are in accordance with all European and world's norms (Certificate Oeko-Tex®, Limited Brands Silver Laboratory Certification, L.L. Bean Quality Testing Textile Fabrics…).
Excellent comfort and they actually work.


Okay so I'm being straight up honest with y'all when I say that finding jeans for my body type is like looking for a needle in a haystack. Most often then not, it's a complete waste of my time to even look for jeans that will fit. My legs are a little bit stockier and thicker than those of my height and weight, but my waist is a tad smaller. So either the jeans fit me perfectly in the thighs and are too big in the waist, or vice versa. Let's just say I have to be in the mood to go shopping for jeans.
This weekend, my friends and I went shopping at our local mall just for the heck of it and Charlotte Russe was having a sale on their jeans. All jeans were $20 and although I wasn't really in the mood to try jeans on, I went for it anyway because the deal was just too good to pass up. The boyfriend jeans that I tried on were a complete no-go and were not flattering at all but the high-waisted jeans I tried on (I kid you not) FIT ME PERFECTLY. I was way too excited and decided to get two pairs because they just fit me that good.
My favorite part about them is the three buttons that run down the top of the jeans. They add to the jeans and make them unique. I've always wanted a pair of jeans that had these buttons but like I said before, I could never find a pair that fit me until now! All I have to say is thank god for Charlotte Russe and thank god for sales.


text:
John Serry ist der Name folgender Personen:

* John Serry senior (eigentlich Giovanni Serrapica; 1915–2003), US-amerikanischer Akkordeonist, Arrangeur und Komponist
 John Serry junior (* 1954), US-amerikanischer Jazzmusiker und Komponist

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Home › View all posts by Carolyn Dwyer and Jim Levine
Author: Carolyn Dwyer and Jim Levine
Princeton's Appetite for Visual and Performing Arts is Strong
Posted on November 12, 2021 by Carolyn Dwyer and Jim Levine
Artist and art enthusiasts were struck hard when COVID hit, with live performances and other displays of art closed down. Over the months, creative thinkers found ways to offer something to the public, but it wasn't quite the same. This article shares how both performing and visual arts have moved on in 2021.
PRINCETON SYMPHONY ORCHESTRA AUDIENCES & MUSICIANS CRAVE LIVE MUSIC NOW!
Carolyn Dwyer
What does our community want now? Music. Correction, live music! For most, the pandemic is like a dissonant chord that just won't quit – it's annoying and soul-draining. To combat it, Princeton Symphony Orchestra (PSO) patrons have resolved to take back their cultural lives with a renewed appreciation for live music.
As Jay Vawter, a former PSO board member and long-time patron of the Princeton arts scene says, "We look forward to attending live music performances in the concert hall again alongside friends and others who appreciate that every concert offers a unique musical experience." He adds, "We've certainly enjoyed the PSO's outdoor concerts at Morven very much, as it was our first opportunity to comfortably attend a live performance."
This fall, the PSO offered live performances in and out of the concert hall with attention to health and safety. In September, the PSO's chamber series returned to the pool house lawn at Morven Museum & Garden with a performance by the superb Jasper Quartet. PSO staff marked out socially distanced seating areas, and masked patrons eagerly lined up to get their digital tickets scanned, lawn chairs and blankets in hand. Some even came early to dine al fresco from home-packed gourmet picnic baskets. The series was back by popular demand after a successful first run last fall and spring.
PSO trumpet player Tom Cook recalls what it felt like to be among the first to perform following the lock-down. "It was incredible," he says, "You forget how symbiotic the relationship is between musician and audience. One feeds upon the excitement and enthusiasm of the other."
More recently, the orchestra returned to performing music indoors at full strength at its October 3rd season-opening concert featuring violinist Simone Porter. The concert marked the orchestra's first performance in a concert hall since January 2020. While the PSO's usual home at Princeton University's Richardson Auditorium remains closed to outside groups (the PSO is a non-profit organization independent of the University), the orchestra has taken up temporary residence at McCarter Theatre Center. Although diehards might prefer their usual subscription seats at Richardson, others are interested in hearing how the orchestra sounds in a different venue.
Generally, people want to remain as safe as possible while returning to the concert environment they loved pre-pandemic. Health concerns are allayed by McCarter's contactless ticket scanning and its stringent mask and proof of vaccination policies. Traditional paper programs are now replaced by digital program books accessed through a QR code scanned with a smartphone. It takes getting used to, people lighting up their phones during a performance –traditionally a no-no. Users are encouraged to keep their devices at a discreet level, a new type of concert etiquette. PSO Executive Director Marc Uys hopes that digital programs are here to stay.
Uys explains, "Every season I think of all the trees destroyed to make program books that most people barely look at before tossing them in the trash heap. I'd like our orchestra to be at the leading edge of a more ecological approach."
Masks and QR codes, aside, the quality of music performed by the PSO is unchanged. And that's important to patrons like Mr. Vawter. Whether playing contemporary works like composer Jessie Montgomery's Banner or accompanying guest artists such as this month's virtuosic pianist Shai Wosner, the professional musicians of the PSO are kept in top form by Edward T. Cone Music Director Rossen Milanov.
Making music is as important to area youths as it ever was. Recently appointed Assistant Conductor of the Princeton Symphony Orchestra Kenneth Bean gained insight into what live music has meant to the musicians of the Youth Orchestra of Central Jersey's Symphonic Orchestra. He took on the role of their conductor as an extension of his position with the PSO.
Bean says, "The kids have been playing with one another in an internet vacuum or in parking lots for over a year. They are so excited to be back inside where they can actually hear one another and be fully drawn into the music. It's not drudgery for these kids. It's pure joy."
While it's thrilling to be experiencing live music indoors at last, the lure of music outdoors in warmer months remains. Having merged over the summer with the Princeton Festival, the PSO is exploring ways to reinvent the June-centered Festival as a semi-outdoor cultural destination extravaganza, complete with its usual array of offerings including opera, cabaret entertainment, early music, lectures, and more. According to Mr. Uys, "We are doing everything possible to ensure that the performing arts continue to thrive in Princeton."
In the end, everyone from patrons to musicians wants to keep the live performing arts going in Princeton. Patrons find it worth the hurdles of wearing masks, standing in line with photo IDs and proof of vaccination, and managing the, for some, new technology involved with digital programs. They remain attracted to what they've always loved – moments of transport through the medium of exquisite live music!
The Princeton Symphony Orchestra plans to return to its home venue of Richardson Auditorium at Princeton University this spring. Princeton Symphony Orchestra's next performance is the annual Holiday POPS! concert on Tuesday, December 14 at 7:30pm at McCarter's Matthews Theatre.
VISUAL ARTS THRIVE IN OLD AND NEW SPACES
Jim Levine
"I'm always blown away by the variety of artistic expression." Hearing this statement from a customer, while sitting in my studio at Princeton Makes, was music to my ears. It expresses one of the goals of Princeton Makes – to give an outlet to a wide variety of local artists – and could just have easily been said about the greater-Princeton area. Princeton is home to a huge array of artists, from major names exhibiting widely to lesser-known creators who exhibit locally. Prior to joining the Board of Directors of the Arts Council of Princeton I had limited awareness about the arts community in Princeton. I knew of the major art institutions – the Arts Council, McCarter, the Princeton University Art Museum among others – but I really didn't know the full extent of artmaking in the area. As a Board member, my awareness increased. But when I became the Interim Director, I really came to realize the breadth and depth of the vibrant arts community in Princeton.
It's an interesting time for art in Princeton, as the closing of the Princeton University Art Museum for reconstruction has taken away a much-treasured place for viewing artwork. Two things are helping to fill the void. The Art Museum has worked to enliven empty storefronts by displaying some of their work in large format and the Arts Council continues its long tradition of showing a wide array of work from local and regional artists in its Taplin Gallery. Public reaction to and interaction with the work at the Arts Council has heightened during the Art Museum's reconstruction.
One of the main missions of the Arts Council is to promote local artists. This is carried out in many ways, including offering an enormous variety of classes for artists at all levels, providing gallery space for artists to display their work, hosting events where artists can sell their work, and maintaining updated information about resources for artists. Despite these efforts, there were still local artists who looked for more from the Arts Council, often beyond the organization's resources to provide. From first-hand experience, I can definitely say it was not from a lack of interest or desire.
Two areas that were frequently cited were the lack of studio space and ongoing retail space. And thus, after my interim assignment ended and I had some success selling my stained glass at the Sauce for the Goose holiday market, I came up with the idea for Princeton Makes. With the support of the Princeton Shopping Center, Princeton Makes was able to open in September and offer studio space and a dedicated retail space for local artists. The response from the local arts community has been fantastic. We now have 12 artists working in the studios, and the store hosts the work of those 12 artists along with an additional 20 artists who don't need studio space but are looking for an outlet to sell their art. Even with these numbers, there are countless other artists who would love to have similar opportunities – well beyond the capacity of Princeton Makes to serve.
I see Princeton Makes as a great complement to the Arts Council by providing services to artists that the Arts Council can't. And yet there are even more needs. Princeton should have more gallery and studio space, better avenues for artists to interact, and increased retail space. The Arts Council has done an outstanding job of increasing the prevalence of public art, but there are still lots of opportunities to better integrate local art into the community.
The success of Princeton Makes ultimately will be decided by the Princeton community. We hope to become a go-to place when looking for art, crafts, and gifts. The initial reaction from the public has been very positive. "This is just what the community needs," has been heard over and over again as people stroll through the space and talk with the artists working in their studios or staffing the store.
I'm always struck by the resourcefulness of local artists. Making a full time living in the arts is not easy, so artists branch out. They teach, they take commissions, they sell cards and prints of their work. In short, they do whatever they need to do so that they can continue to fulfill their innate need to make art. It is truly impressive. The vibrancy of the arts in Princeton will continue to flourish when everyone in the community recognizes and embraces the value that the artist community brings to our lives and makes every effort to support it with their time, attendance, participation, and purchases.
Carolyn Dwyer and Jim Levine
Carolyn Dwyer is manager of marketing and communications for the Princeton Symphony Orchestra (PSO) and has been with the orchestra since 2013. She graduated with a BA in English from the College of the Holy Cross, and is a long-time Princeton resident. The Princeton Symphony Orchestra (PSO) is a cultural centerpiece of the Princeton community and one of New Jersey's finest music organizations. Led by Edward T. Cone Music Director Rossen Milanov, the PSO presents orchestral, pops, and chamber music programs of the highest artistic quality.
Jim Levine spent 28 years in Human Resources Management at FMC and Church & Dwight. After leaving the Corporate world, he taught high school and college for a couple years, before serving as Interim Executive Director of the Arts Council of Princeton for two years. After a Permanent Director was named in September, 2021, Jim spent time making stained glass artwork while considering how to build a community of artists in the Princeton area. This past spring the idea for Princeton Makes was developed and the cooperative opened in September. Jim and his wife Lisa raised three children, Zeke, Freddie, and Elijah, in Princeton. Jim is also on the Board of Ultimate Peace, an organization that uses the sport of Ultimate Frisbee to develop bridges of peace between Palestinian and Jewish youth living in Israel.
Posted in Where Does Princeton Stand? A Local Perspective on National Issues


text:
Hole NewHole()
{
	Hole init;

	init.Filled = false;
	init.FiredOn = false;

	return init;
}


Although I and II include two and three tracks, respectively, each is a single work. They are divided into multiple tracks for listeners' convenience.
Kaffe Matthews created her sound by live-sampling and processing her own and the other musicians' sounds as they played.


InstaLife is perfect for young, single or married individuals who want to invest and at the same time be insured without the hassle of going through medical examinations and filling out lengthy health questionnaires.
Due to the Automatic Acceptance feature, death benefit during the first two years of the policy is limited to accidental causes only. Illness - related death will be covered starting on the third policy year.


Outdoor activities are increasingly favored by people, not just young friends. Nowadays, children and the elderly like to go hiking outdoors. But as an outdoor enthusiast, do you know what is necessary for outdoor travel? portable GPS locator is very necessary, because you can gps tracker your position at any time, you can quickly find a companion when you get lost.
First of all, of course we need to have a healthy mindset. This is the premise of all guarantees. Secondly, we must also have a team spirit in the outdoors. We must know how to help each other in order to overcome some difficulties that may be encountered in outdoor activities. In addition, your dress, from hats to shoes, is important for an outdoor sports person. Here are the items we must prepare before we leave.
Regardless of the activity, security is always in the first place, so portable GPS locator are of course indispensable. But remember to prepare a battery for your portable GPS locator. Great-will portable GPS locator, free installation and wiring-free waterproof, long standby for 45 days, can be carried with you, three-mode positioning method will firmly lock your position, location information will be transmitted back to your bound family and friends mobile phone .
It is convenient to help you to contact the team in some blind spots with no signal. GPS walkie-talkie intercom function, no doubt this is the best choice for everyone, we all know that the less things you bring along the trip, the better.
Maps and compasses: outdoor activities, especially mountaineering, the most needed map is a contour map that shows the various topography of the surface, such as mountains, valleys, dangerous or gentle slopes, cliffs or cliffs; compass Then use it with the map.
In addition to the power is sufficient. There is also a common sense, that is, "112 emergency rescue line." Regardless of whether there is no receiving signal or weak power, any model produced by any manufacturer can be dialed nationwide. this point is very important!
If your underwear is not waterproof, it is recommended to bring a portable raincoat, especially in summer.
When you use a trekking pole, you can reduce the friction between the hand and the handle. It can also prevent the hands from being scratched by grass, branches, leaves, rocks, etc., and keep warm in winter.
Double layer is recommended, and aluminum alloy is more than three rods. Don't forget to bring the nails and the ropes.
This includes foam mats, mats or suede picnic mats.
Disposable lighters, be careful not to squeeze, easy to burst or explode.
Do you know the essential equipment for these outdoor activities? If you are lost during outdoor activities, portable GPS locator is your most important device!


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Q: Adding Scatter Chart Data Label If XValue > Value I have a scatter plot with 100+ series and I'd like to add some data labels to those series where the horizontal value is greater than the vertical value - i.e. where XValue>Value.
I use the following code to add data labels to all series:
Dim mySeries As Series
Dim seriesCol As SeriesCollection
Dim i As Integer

Set seriesCol = ActiveSheet.ChartObjects("Chart 1").Chart.SeriesCollection

For Each mySeries In seriesCol
    Set mySeries = ActiveSheet.ChartObjects("Chart 1").Chart.SeriesCollection(j)
    With mySeries
            .ApplyDataLabels
            .DataLabels.ShowSeriesName = True
            .DataLabels.ShowValue = False
            .DataLabels.Font.Size = 6
    End With
    j = j + 1
Next

I would assume I'd add an 'If' command prior to the 'With' command, along the following lines:
If ActiveSheet.ChartObjects("Chart 1").Chart.SeriesCollection(j).XValues > _
    ActiveSheet.ChartObjects("Chart 1").Chart.SeriesCollection(j).Values  Then

However this condition doesn't seem to work. I'd be grateful if you could point out where I've gone wrong...
Thanks!

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Late Night Comics Say Chris Christie Guilty Until Proven Innocent with BridgeGate
Tim Slagle
So we're a week into BridgeGate, and the late night hosts can't resist poking fun at N.J. Gov. Chris Christie. With the media handing them straight lines, the writers are having a field day. The jokes are practically writing themselves: Christie, scandal, fat.
If Gov. Christie were truly the Democrat a lot of Republicans consider him to be, he could have just said, "What difference does it make?" and it would have been over by now. And in reality, what difference does a little traffic make? Heck the President closed down more roads during his Hawaiian vacation, taking the family out for shaved ice.
Now I can't expect the talk hosts to go after any of the Obama scandals with the same aggression as they would hold for a Republican, and by now we should be used to it. As we've been told repeatedly: absent a sex scandal, Democrats just aren't funny. They're all smart, good intentioned and never make mistakes. (Well they do sometimes, but it's always just a mistake, never evidence of an underlying stupidity.)
But something strange is happening with this scandal. It's actually being written by the late night hosts. Christie has denied any involvement in the bridge closure. He also fired the person responsible. Yet if your only access to the news is late night TV (as it is for many), you probably think Christie closed the bridge himself.
Last night three hosts used the opportunity of the governor's State of the State Address to get in a few more digs.
David Letterman said that Christie kept jobs from leaving the State… Of course he did, he CLOSED THE BRIDGE. The host also edited words out of the State of the State, so that it looked like Christie said, "I am the largest human ever."
Jimmy Fallon (who scored big points earlier this week with his Bruce Springsteen impression) said the scandal might lead to impeachment, and when Christie heard about that he said, "mmm … peaches."
Jay Leno was probably the fairest of the three. He said the scandal was in the governor's office (rather than tied directly to him at this point) and that Republicans are standing behind him … which is why why you can't see them.
If you were to compare this to back when HealthCare.gov was failing so miserably, you will remember that very few times was the president actually tied to the failed website. It was almost as if ObamaCare was crashing all around President Barack Obama, and his only to it connection was the unfortunate name.
What is happening to the New Jersey Governor reminds me of what comics did to Sarah Palin. They turned the line, "you can actually see Russia fromland here in Alaska" into "I can see Russia from my house!"
As the BridgeGate scandal wears on, it's getting much harder to believe the late night hosts' claims that the only bias in comedy is funny.
EntertainmentChris ChristieRussiaSarah Palin


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Georgia might be next hot spot for Lebanese
Joseph Haboush Jun. 09, 2017 | 12:16 AM
Driving into the Georgian capital of Tbilisi, the city's jaw-dropping historical sites were hard to ignore.
When writing is deemed a crime
Victoria Yan Jun. 06, 2017 | 12:05 AM
"Wherever I go in Europe and elsewhere I meet many Arab writers who cannot go back to their countries," novelist and PEN Lebanon president Iman Humaydan told...
Australia must do more to protect reef, UNESCO says
The United Nations cultural heritage body UNESCO urged Australia Saturday to accelerate efforts to save the Great Barrier Reef, saying long term targets to...
German map project to aid future rebirth of Aleppo
Yannick Pasquet May. 27, 2017 | 12:26 AM
With its battered facades, pulverized houses and skeletons of buildings, one of the world's oldest cities, Aleppo, has been utterly devastated by the war in...
Syria army takes control of Damascus-Palmyra road: monitor
May. 26, 2017 | 07:28 PM
The Syrian army is in full control of the highway from Damascus to ancient Palmyra for the first time since 2014 after driving out extremits, a monitor said...
Airstrikes in east Syria kill more than 100: Observatory
May. 27, 2017 | 12:09 AM
U.S.-led Airstrikes since Thursday evening have killed more than 100 people including children and other family members of Daesh (ISIS) fighters in Mayadin, a...
Palestinians, Israel police clash at Jerusalem Old City gate
Clashes have broken out between Palestinian protesters and Israeli security forces as Israeli demonstrators marched through the Old City of Jerusalem to mark...
SESAME science center opens in Jordan
Jordan's King Abdullah II Tuesday formally launched an international research center whose members include experts from around the world including archrivals...
How science is changing map of Mideast
Irina Bokova May. 15, 2017 | 12:07 AM
After 15 years of planning and construction, a visionary intergovernmental scientific research center is about to open its doors on May 16 in Jordan.
Tunisia seeks UNESCO status for Jewish pilgrimage isle
Tunisia plans to seek UNESCO World Heritage status for the island of Djerba, site of Africa's oldest synagogue and an annual Jewish pilgrimage, its culture...
Islamophobia could lead to new Holocaust, expert warns
Joseph Haboush May. 10, 2017 | 12:13 AM
Experts warned of retaliation against Muslims reminiscent of Jewish treatment during the Holocaust if the issue of Islamophobia is not dealt with swiftly.
Khoury Lacoeuilhe: Why I should lead UNESCO
Susannah Walden May. 09, 2017 | 12:17 AM
Gearing up for the last phase of the election process to determine the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization's 11th...
Khamenei critical of 'Western-influenced' Rouhani education plan
Iran's supreme leader criticized the government of President Hassan Rouhani Sunday for promoting a "Western-influenced" United Nations education plan which...
Al-Quds resists cultural occupation
Hiba Huneini May. 06, 2017 | 12:17 AM
On May 2, UNESCO passed a resolution on the Old City of Al-Quds' state of conservation.
Bangladesh coal plant could cause 6,000 early deaths: Greenpeace
A giant coal-fired power plant approved by Bangladesh could drastically worsen air pollution for millions and cause the early deaths of 6,000 people over its...
Israel trims UN budget again over Jerusalem resolution
Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu announced Wednesday that Israel would cut $1 million from its United Nations funding over a UNESCO resolution he says denies...
Office projects dip slightly on high supply
Dana Halawi May. 04, 2017 | 12:15 AM
The amount of new office space currently under construction in Beirut dropped by 1.7 percent compared to a year ago due to a big supply in the market...
Israel criticizes UN cultural agency resolution on Jerusalem
Israel lashed out at the U.N. cultural agency on Tuesday over a resolution criticizing its excavations in and around Jerusalem's Old City, a sensitive area...
'Fake news' is not journalism...
Would you trust your news from any source? How are we able to ensure that "fake"(d) news does not overtake the flow of information?
Residents forced to leave historic Turkish district hit by violence
Residents of Turkey's historic Sur district in the Kurdish-majority province of Diyarbakir were forced to evacuate their homes by Monday as the...


text:
Chronic or severe insults towards the myocardium are in charge of the onset of heart and cardiomyopathy failure
August 14, 2020 Salvador Gibson
Chronic or severe insults towards the myocardium are in charge of the onset of heart and cardiomyopathy failure. kinase-1 (IRAK-1), a kinase crucial for TLR signaling. The treating mice with anti-HSP60 antibodies, to the ligation prior, considerably attenuates IRAK-1 activation (Li et al., 2011). The lack of TLR4 or MyD88, however, not TLR2, impairs IRAK-1 activation in response to I/R, confirming the specificity of eHSP60 in activating TLR4 signaling (Li et al., 2011). eHSP60 induces caspase-8-reliant apoptosis as well as the lack of TLR4, or the treating mice with anti-HSP60 antibodies, and attenuates I/R-induced cell loss of life (Li et al., 2011). In endothelial cells, HSP60 elicits the appearance of E-selectin, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1, favoring the leukocyte trafficking inside the vascular wall structure (Kol et al., 1999). In macrophages, it's been recommended that HSP60 binds to TLR2 and TLR4 and sets off an intracellular indication via MyD88 and TRAF6 (Vabulas et al., 2001), resulting in the discharge of Simply no2C, the induction of TNF- and IL-6 as well as the overexpression of IL-12 and IL-15 (Chen et al., 1999; Kol et al., 1999; Amount 1). HSP60 continues to be discovered to localize in the atherosclerotic plaques also, where it could provoke the creation of TNF- and MMP9 by macrophages (Kol et CCND2 al., 1998). Furthermore, HSP60 can become an autoantigen during chronic irritation, as recommended by the current presence of antibodies and T-cell replies to HSP60 in a variety of inflammatory circumstances (Nomoto and Yoshikai, 1991; Res et al., 1991), leading BMS-387032 irreversible inhibition to cardiac drop (Ohashi et al., 2000; Burian et al., 2001; Wysocki et al., 2002). HSP27 HSP27 is normally a portrayed chaperone proteins owned by the tiny HSP family members broadly, exerting several defensive function in cardiomyocytes (Tarone and Brancaccio, 2014). Murine and Individual hearts discharge HSP27 in the flow after myocardial infarction and We/R. Treatment of isolated mouse hearts with HSP27 recombinant protein induces NF-B activation and IL-6 creation in BMS-387032 irreversible inhibition the myocardium and causes a major depression in cardiac function. Treatment with recombinant HSP27 activates an inflammatory response also in human being and murine coronary vascular endothelial cells, advertising the overexpression of ICAM-1, MCP-1, IL-6, and IL-8 inside a dose-dependent manner. All these effects are mediated by TLR2 and 4, since the treatment with HSP27 BMS-387032 irreversible inhibition has no effect on cells derived from TLR2-null or TLR4-defective mice (Number 1). Of notice, neutralizing antibodies against HSP27 reduce myocardial NF-B activity and IL-6 production and improve practical recovery after cardiac I/R (Jin et al., 2014). Summary All the evidence discussed above indicate that chaperones are actively secreted from stressed cells BMS-387032 irreversible inhibition or released from damaged cells during chronic and acute cardiac insults or during medical methods like coronary artery bypass graft (Westaby, 1987; Levy and Kelly, 1993; Szerafin et al., 2008; Khan et al., 2014). Of notice, the global inhibition of chaperone functions in heart using small molecules able to mix the plasma membrane would be seriously harmful, since chaperones are crucial in keeping cardiomyocyte proteostasis and in sustaining heart function both in healthy conditions and during pathological insults (Willis et al., 2009; Willis and Patterson, 2013; Tarone and Brancaccio, 2014; Sorge and Brancaccio, 2016; Penna et al., 2018). A number of therapeutic antibodies have been authorized for scientific applications and several are in late-stage studies mainly to take care of cancer tumor and autoimmune illnesses. Antibodies might stop the experience of extracellular BMS-387032 irreversible inhibition protein, without impacting the intracellular counterparts (Redman et al., 2015). Regularly, antibodies in a position to blunt the harmful activity of extracellular chaperones have already been used effectively in preclinical types of myocardial infarction and cardiomyopathy (Zou et al., 2008; Cai et al., 2010; Li et al., 2011; Jin et al., 2014; Liu P. et al., 2019). Analysis in developing constructed heart tissues to boost myocardial regeneration can be an energetic field in regenerative medication. The id of ideal biocompatible materials to become colonized with useful cardiomyocytes is normally a promising technique to heal an body organ with an extremely poor regenerative potential as the individual center (Madonna et al., 2019). Even so, human cardiomyocytes put through tension locally activate innate and adaptive immunity through chaperone discharge (Levy and Kelly, 1993; Veres et al., 2002; Wysocki et al., 2002; Mandal et al., 2006; Szerafin et al., 2008; Novo et al., 2011). This chronic sterile irritation in the broken myocardium may signify an presssing concern in constructed tissues engraftment, by marketing apoptosis in colonizing cardiomyocytes and raising the likelihood of rejection. We suggest that the inhibition of extracellular chaperones.
← In cancer patients, hypercoagulability is a common finding
It is becoming increasingly accepted that there surely is an interplay between your peripheral defense response and neuroinflammation in the pathophysiology of Parkinsons disease (PD) →


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IRBI Knives
27546 Seward Hwy
Seward, AK 99664 USA
irbiknife@gmail.com
I'd Rather Be Independent
Alaska Time
Handmade in Alaska since 1971
Sheathes
The IRBI knife shop opened in July 1971 under the name "Kenai Lake Tourist Trap," after founder Irvin Campbell taught himself how to make knives while working on the Discovery oil well in Prudhoe Bay. He crafted his first knives from worn-out hand tools and copper tubing.
Not long after opening the shop, Irvin's knives started selling better than the knick-knacks he stocked, and he began making knives on a full-time basis. It wasn't long before Irvin and his wife, Clara Campbell, ran out of reliable craftsmen to make their knife sheaths. So Clara had to learn the craft herself, making thousands of sheaths in the following years.
In November 1990, Virgil and Dawn bought the business from Irvin and Clara after learning the knife and sheath making trades during the previous three years. Hunter, the third generation of IRBI Knife makers, started learning the trade in 2005.
Sadly, Clara passed away in 1990, and Irvin passed away in 2006. However, their legacy lives on through their works and the works of Virgil, Dawn, and Hunter.
In March 2015, we were featured in a video called "I Run a Custom Knife Shop" in Alaska Public Media's INDIE ALASKA web series.
We've been the focus of several articles in the Seward Phoenix Log: over the years too:
November 30, 2006: Making knives a cutting-edge family business
April 3, 1997: The independent guy: Knife-maker has always done it his way
May 31, 1990: Knife maker, Campbell, carries on family tradition
February 9, 1989: Irvin Campbell names Who's Who 1989 Artist of the Year
IRBI Knives have also made it to the national spotlight - CBS' "Northern Exposure" featured an IRBI Knife on several episodes, with the first one airing November 28, 1994.


Capacity: 0.26 U.S. gal. (1 L)BPA FreeThe traditional Spanish wine skin made with a rugged leather exterior. Features a heavy poly lining and a braided shoulder strap.
Adjustable length shoulder strapQuick-release buckle eases attachment to packCoghlan's Universal Bottle Carrier is designed with adjustable hook and loop straps to adapt for a variety of bottle sizes.


Team Ironworks clothing is designed for Bodybuilders by Bodybuilders. These limited edition designed 'Born in the Gym' T – Back Vests are made from 100% COTTON and have a USA style cut that has been designed to emphasize a gym-built body. Featuring thin straps, deep side cuts and an extra large design, these vests allow you to see the results of all those intense hours in the gym. A must-have item that looks great on the beach, on the street or where it belongs bending bars in the gym.


text:
Tags: Tea Party | Moderate | Republicans | Crash | Tea | Party
Moderate Republicans Crash Tea Party
By Valerie Richardson | Thursday, 11 February 2010 10:19 AM
"Tea party" Republicans aren't the only candidates poised to make inroads this year - moderate Republicans are surging from Illinois to California, and in several instances proving they can best tea-party-powered conservatives at the polls.
Take the Illinois Republican Senate primary: Patrick Hughes, a developer and political newcomer, seemed to have the wind at his back as a staunch fiscal conservative and favorite of the tea party movement. His chief rival, Rep. Mark Kirk, was routinely blasted as a RINO - Republican in Name Only - for his more moderate record, which includes votes for cap-and-trade emissions legislation and the bank bailouts.
But Mr. Kirk won the Feb. 2 primary easily, capturing 56 percent of the vote against Mr. Hughes, who took 19 percent. Three other challengers split the rest of the vote.
It's possible the stars may be aligning for moderate Republicans in 2010. With the nation focused on the economy and wars in the Middle East, moderate candidates may be able to tip-toe around the hot-button social issues that can trip them up in right-leaning primaries.
"This really is a good time for moderate Republicans," said Charles Moran, national spokesman for the Log Cabin Republicans, a gay Republican group. "We need to take this opportunity right now to elect candidates like Mark Kirk who are where they need to be on fiscal responsibility and national defense, and aren't getting tripped up on social issues like they normally would be."
Other states also feature moderate Republicans running ahead of their conservative rivals. In the Colorado Senate primary contest, polls show former Lt. Gov. Jane Norton with a comfortable lead over her more conservative opponents, Weld County District Attorney Ken Buck and former state Sen. Tom Wiens.
In California's Senate primary race, conservative state Assemblyman Chuck DeVore trails both former Rep. Tom Campbell and former Hewlett-Packard chief Carly Fiorina. The gubernatorial primary, meanwhile, features moderate Meg Whitman, former CEO of eBay, running well ahead of state insurance commissioner and tax-cut advocate Steve Poizner.
Delaware Rep. Mike Castle, a longtime standard-bearer of eastern Republican moderates, is expected to coast to victory in the GOP Senate primary without serious conservative opposition.
To say that the Republican electorate is going centrist is to misread the recent poll results, say conservatives. In the Illinois primary, Mr. Hughes had little time to get out his message, given the state's short primary season. When conservatives do have the time, they're more successful.
In Florida, for example, former House Speaker Marco Rubio was seen as a long-shot candidate when he first announced he would challenge Gov. Charlie Crist for the Republican Senate nomination. Seven months later, the conservative Mr. Rubio overtook the more moderate governor in the polls, and now leads by 12 percentage points, according to a Rasmussen Reports survey released this month.
Mr. DeVore may trail his moderate rivals now, but the California primary isn't until June. No less a political eminence than columnist George Will predicted Sunday on ABC-TV's "This Week" that Mr. DeVore would come from behind to win the primary.
When moderate Republicans do well, it's often because they're running to the right. Colorado's Mr. Norton has tried to win conservative support by calling for a balanced-budget amendment, a two-thirds vote in Congress to raise taxes, and a moratorium on " earmarks."
Not everyone's buying it. Fairly or not, Mrs. Norton is viewed by some as an establishment candidate thrust into the race by national Republicans who didn't believe Mr. Buck could win. Mrs. Norton has also suffered from guilty by association in that her brother-in-law is Charlie Black, a prominent Republican consultant and close associate of Arizona moderate Republican Sen. John McCain.
"We had a candidate in Ken Buck who had raised $250,000 in the first quarter. He did not need anybody's help," said former GOP Rep. Tom Tancredo. "Jane Norton was a McCain campaign chair. Nice lady, but she's not a conservative.
State Sen. Josh Penry, a conservative, has defended Mrs. Norton's bona fides. "The notion that she's 'John McCain lite' - she disagreed with him on the bank bailout, on ANWR, on climate change. She's running on a conservative reform message," said Mr. Penry in a debate with Mr. Tancredo on KOA-AM in Denver.
Mrs. Norton has even appeared at tea party gatherings in an effort to gain support, a sign that conservatives have the winning message.
"I think conservatives see a different picture out there with all the candidates trying to wrap themselves in tea party and limited-government principles," said a senior aide to a top conservative senator. "If moderates have succeeded, it's because they've as they've come our way and embraced less spending, less debt, less government control. When everyone is trying to out-conservative each other, that's a sign of success."
Charlie Johnston, a longtime Illinois campaign consultant who served as Mr. Hughes' political director, said the candidate's loss had less to do with his message than with the party establishment's efforts to control the outcome.
"The establishment types hold all the levers in Illinois, so they were able to shut off the money," said Mr. Johnston. "Among institutional givers, the word was put out that if you supported Patrick Hughes, he'd better win.
Another problem was the state tea party movement's inability to unite behind a single candidate. Although Mr. Hughes was viewed as the main tea party champion, other Republican primary hopefuls ended up picking up endorsements from the grass-roots movement's many local chapters.
"I think the tea party movement is the most important movement of my lifetime, but it's not sophisticated," said Mr. Johnston. "They learned a lesson here. If you can get conservatives united, if you can get them behind a Patrick Hughes, we either lose a close election or we win a close election."
InsideCover
Tea party Republicans aren't the only candidates poised to make inroads this year - moderate Republicans are surging from Illinois to California, and in several instances proving they can best tea-party-powered conservatives at the polls. Take the Illinois Republican...
Moderate,Republicans,Crash,Tea,Party
Thursday, 11 February 2010 10:19 AM


About 240 high school students in Timor-Leste helped kick off the Lenten season on Feb. 10 by cleaning public facilities and streets in the capital city of Dili.
Led by Father Angelo Salsinha, rector the Our Lady of Fatima minor seminary, the students cleaned Dili's streets and canals, including the compound of the Santa Cruz cemetery, where many Timorese youths killed by Indonesian soldiers on Nov. 12, 1991, were laid to rest.
Father Salsinha told ucanews.com that the activity was not only an Ash Wednesday observance but was to serve as a reminder to citizens to care for their environment.
"People throw garbage anywhere. When the rain comes the garbage covers the water in canals, and finally the city is flooded," he said.
He said the civic action was also meant to be a local response to the challenge issued by Pope Francis in his encyclical Laudato si', which called on humanity to preserve the Earth and the environment.
Father Salsinha said that the students will participate in other activities this Lenten season, including visiting the sick in hospitals in and around Dili.
Zeca Ramiro Mota de Araujo, an 18-year-old student at the school, told ucanews.com that his classmates felt a responsibility to maintain a clean and healthy environment in their capital.
"People can be careless. You can find trash anywhere, although the government has prepared garbage containers," said De Araujo.
Dili deputy administrator Zeca Smith said he hopes the students' activities will be an eye opener for local residents on how they see and care for their environment.
"The government provided 30 containers where people can dump garbage. But unfortunately they burned trash inside those containers," Smith told ucanews.com.
Joao Camoes, 66, a city sanitation worker, was pleased by the students' work. He said Lent is a good time to raise awareness among people to keep their city clean.
"Hopefully when the seminarians set an example, people will follow," Camoes said.
Our Lady of Fatima minor seminary was inaugurated by Nobel Peace prize recipient Bishop Carlos Filipe Ximenes Belo on Feb. 3, 1996.


The vast majority of malignant mesothelioma (MM) cases are caused by asbestos exposure, but reports have suggested that chronic inflammation may also lead to development of this cancer. In a recent study, University of Vermont researchers found a link between the the chronic inflammation associated with Crohn's disease, an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and peritoneal mesothelioma.
Their study, "Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma and Crohn disease," published in the Journal of Clinical Pathology, provides new insights on possible mechanisms that may lead to MM.
Malignant mesothelioma arising from conditions that cause chronic inflammation in serosal membranes, which are composed of mesothelial cells, is a rare but reported event. Although this type of inflammation is a hallmark of Crohn's disease, MM had not been reported in this patient population.
The research team led by Victor Roggli retrospectively examined data from nearly 3,800 patients with MM, 500 of which had peritoneal MM, to assess whether there was a link with Crohn's disease. Of the patients studied, three were found to have Crohn's disease, but only one had any known exposure to asbestos.
This was the first report showing that MM may arise in the setting of IBD, but interestingly, none of the MM patients was found to have ulcerative colitis, the other major type of IBD. The researchers believe that this occurs because, contrary to Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis does not cause transmural and serosal inflammation.
It is noteworthy that all three patients with Crohn's disease had peritoneal MM, suggesting that Crohn's disease increases the risk of this particular type of malignant mesothelioma. This is relevant because although peritoneal MM is extremely rare, IBDs affect more than 1.5 million people in the U.S., and patients with IBD, particularly those with Crohn's disease, and their physicians should be aware of a possible increased risk for peritoneal MM.
Although it remains to be studied how Crohn's-related inflammation might give rise to peritoneal MM, the researchers note that each of the diseases can occasionally mimic the signs and symptoms of the other, suggesting there may exist common pathways, particularly inflammatory pathways, that are activated in both diseases.
Tagged Crohn's disease, inflammatory bowel disease, malignant peritoneal mesothelioma, serosal membranes, ulcerative colitis.
My father died of mesothelioma in 2005. He worked in the sandblasting and corrosion field, mostly in the nuclear power plants. I was diagnosed with UC in 2008 and rediagnosed with Crohn's in 2014. My dad received compensation from the asbestos companies. Is there enough data out there to link asbestos and Crohn's and receive compensation?
That is something you would have to talk with a lawyer about. We could not even begin to give a credible answer to that. While there is some information, there isn't a lot of solid links.


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Apollo 11 Collection: All-Over Printed T-Shirt
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