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Mitochondrial dysfunction is a state of inefficient energy production resulting from damage to energy-producing structures called mitochondria.[1]
2 Basics of mitochondria
3 Free radical theory of aging
4 Mitohormesis
5 Inflammation
6 Mitochondrial dynamics in aging
7 Mitochondrial dysfunction in age-related diseases
7.1 Alzheimer's disease
7.2 Parkinson's disease
7.3 Osteoporosis
7.4 COVID-19
Mitochondria are responsible for creating adenosine triphosphate (ATP), a chemical which provides the energy for many processes within a cell.[2] This process also creates byproducts, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS).[1]
Over time, the accumulation of ROS damages cells and mitochondria, contributing to the decline in health associated with old age, according to the free radical theory of aging.[1][2] It should be noted that the free radical theory of aging is not supported by more recent research. Some evidence in multiple animal models suggests that mild mitochondrial dysfunction actually lengthens lifespan, with resultant damage from ROS leading to increased long-term stress resistance.[3]
Mitochondrial dysfunction, and especially dysfunction of mitochondrial dynamics, is considered a hallmark of aging and has been implicated in age-related diseases such as osteoporosis or Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease[4][5][6][7]. Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles that undergo coordinated cycles of fission and fusion in order to maintain their shape, distribution and size, as shown by imaging studies in live cells[8]. These dynamical processes are key for regulating organismal homeostasis and are required to maintain appropriate metabolic flexibility[9].
Basics of mitochondria
Diagram of a mitochondrion.[10]
Mitochondria are structures found in almost all eukaryotic cells (cells with clearly defined nuclei).[11] Scientists believe that they began as independent organisms which were engulfed by host cells with which they formed a symbiotic relationship, eventually becoming part of the host cells.[12] They possess their own DNA, separate from that of the organisms they inhabit, called mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA).[13][2][12] A mitochondrion (the singular of mitochondria) possesses two membranes; one enveloping the other.[14] Within the matrix (the region within the inner membrane), a series of reactions known as the Krebs cycle produces a chemical called NADH.[12] A structure called complex 1, on the inner membrane, then uses the NADH in a process which pumps protons from the region within the inner membrane to the area between the membranes. Structures known as complex 3 and complex 4 (the latter of which requires oxygen to fill its role) are necessary components, also located on the inner membrane.[14] The result is the formation of a membrane potential used by another structure, complex 5, to generate ATP, which provides energy for cells.[14][11] This process by which mitochondria create ATP is known as oxidative phosphorylation.[12]
Free radical theory of aging
Free radicals damaging a cell.[15]
Reactive oxygen species, also known as free radicals, are unstable molecules containing oxygen, which easily react with other molecules in a cell.[16] The process of respiration via oxidative phosphorylation produces ROS as a byproduct. The mitochondrial free radical theory of aging proposes that over time, increasing ROS production triggers mitochondrial dysfunction, which causes further increases in ROS production and cellular deterioration.[1][17] Specifically, free radicals trigger mitochondrial dysfunction by damaging the DNA of the mitochondria by causing its atoms to lose electrons, although some studies suggest that this damage is done indirectly.[17][2] This does not usually harm the cell, as quality-control mechanisms destroy the damaged mitochondria, but those mechanisms become less effective as people age.[2] Over time, this damage to the mitochondria leaves cells less efficient at producing energy. In addition to harming the mitochondria, ROS contribute to the health declines of old age by causing muscle weakness, bone frailty, immune suppression, and even cancer, among other conditions.[2]
The free radical theory of aging is no longer widely accepted among biogerontology researchers for various reasons. Importantly, preclinical and clinical research has shown that reducing ROS with antioxidants not only fails to increase healthy lifespan, but may also cause harm. For example, the Beta-Carotene and Retinol Efficacy Trial investigated two supplements in thousands of older adults previously exposed to asbestos, finding increased lung cancer in smokers relative to placebo.[18] Beta carotene was an antioxidant, and retinol is also known as vitamin A. The study not only found lack of benefit for multiple endpoints, including risk of cancer, heart disease, and mortality, but also found increased risk of death in the treatment group.[18]
Additionally, there is evidence that mild mitochondrial dysfunction may increase lifespan. Relatively low level damage from ROS has been shown to increase long-term stress resistance.[3] This has been linked to hormesis, a well-known process in biology where low levels of stress can lead to compensatory responses that result in benefit.[3]
Mitohormesis
Mitohormesis is a response of mitochondria to stressors or toxins which so thoroughly repairs their damage that the cell is healthier after the damage than before.[1][17][19] It is a form of hormesis, which is described above.[20] In fact, such damage may trigger a mitochondrial defensive response not only in the tissues containing the defective mitochondria, but also distant tissues. Evidence exists which shows that mitohormesis may be able to extend lifespan in mammals, but there is no consensus on this view.[6] For mitohormesis to occur, mitochondria must communicate with the cell's nucleus.[19] They appear to use ROS, among other things, as signals for this communication.[17][19] This productive role for ROS may explain why increased ROS sometimes appears to slow aging, rather than aggravate it. Some scientists have suggested that a certain amount of ROS is beneficial, but any greater amounts are harmful.[17]
Mitochondrial dysfunction can contribute to a chronic background level of inflammation some call "inflammaging".[2] As the name suggests, this problem occurs with aging. Inflammaging has been associated with increased morbidity and mortality, but some researchers have found high levels of pro-inflammatory markers in people over 100 years old. This casts some doubt on whether inflammaging truly harms the elderly.[13] Mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to inflammaging by increasing the cell's ROS levels.[2] Increased ROS modulate the expression and activity of a substance called NF-κB, which leads to inflammation.[13] Mitochondrial dysfunction may also contribute to inflammaging through mtDNA; that is, it may cause mitochondria to release mtDNA, which causes an inflammatory response when the immune system mistakes the mtDNA for pathogens.[21][13] Scientists believe this occurs due to mitochondria's bacterial origins.[13]
Mitochondrial dynamics in aging
See the full article on metabolic flexibility.
During aging, mitochondria acquire a less structured morphology and there is a progressive loss of network connectivity as well as mitochondria content.[7] Dietary restriction and constitutive activation of AMPK in C. elegans leads to a more youthful mitochondrial morphology and extends lifespan in worms.
Surprisingly, adynamic mitochondria, which show no deterioration of the mitochondrial network, doubles maximum lifespan in worms.[7] However, worms with adynamic mitochondria are no longer able to respond to metabolic stresses and therefore do not have additional lifespan extension from AMPK activation or calorie restriction interventions.
Mitochondrial dysfunction in age-related diseases
See the full article on aging and neurodegeneration.
Mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to a number of aging-related ailments:
Alzheimer's disease (AD) occurs almost exclusively in older adults, resulting in deterioration of cognition and memory due to progressive and selective loss of neurons in the forebrain and other brain areas.[22][13] Historically, there have been two mainstream hypotheses within the research community on its cause. The first is that it results primarily from the accumulation of amyloid-beta proteins in the brain; the second is the accumulation of neurofibrillary tangles called tau.[23]
Mitochondrial dysfunction is a posited contributor to AD, leading to destruction of neurons and causing AD.[24] Researchers have found impaired energy metabolism in AD patients, as well as mitochondrial abnormalities in their brains, which gives support to this hypothesis.[13] A clear role for mitochondrial dysfunction in AD has not been determined. Clinical trials targeting mechanisms related to mitochondrial dysfunction in this disease will be required to provide evidence of a causative role in AD.
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a movement disorder resulting from degenerative loss of certain brain cells involved with the chemical dopamine, in the brain region called the substantia nigra.[5][21] Its main symptoms are: tremor in the hands, arms, legs, trunk, and/or head; stiffness of the limbs and trunk; slow movement; and impaired balance and coordination. Other symptoms may include depression and other emotional changes; difficulty walking, swallowing, chewing, or speaking; urinary problems and constipation; skin problems; and sleep disruption. Symptoms usually begin gradually and get worse over time, and PD is by far most common in the elderly.[22] Evidence suggests that PD is at least partly caused by mitochondrial dysfunction, though it is not conclusive.[25] Scientists speculate that mitochondrial dysfunction harms ATP production and a process called "calcium buffering" (another function of mitochondria), as well as exacerbating oxidative stress (an imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants).[26][27] These processes are theorized to cause PD by killing brain cells in the substantia nigra. Recent evidence also suggests that certain processes controlling the distribution and structure of mitochondria are linked with PD.[26]
Diagram showing some conditions associated with osteoporosis.[28]
Osteoporosis is a bone disease that develops following bone mass and mineral density decrease, or when the quality or structure of bone changes. This can reduce its strength, which can increase the risk of breaking. The risk of osteoporosis dramatically increases with increasing age.[29]
Some evidence suggests that mitochondrial dysfunction in osteoblasts (cells which produce bone) and osteoclasts (cells which break down bone) contributes to osteoporosis, by mutating the body's mtDNA.[4][30] One study found that mice experiencing an accelerated accumulation of mtDNA mutations lost bone at a faster rate than normal mice. The investigators also showed a reduced bone formation rate, reduced osteoblast population densities, and increased osteoclast population densities, among other differences. Researchers involved in the study argued that similar processes could contribute to human osteoporosis.[30]
See the full article on COVID-19.
Note: Information below describes the relationship between COVID-19 and mitochondrial dysfunction. For details on the relationship between COVID-19 and the aging process in general, see COVID-19.
COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by a virus known as SARS-CoV-2. COVID-19 disproportionately affects the elderly, resulting in severe symptoms and substantially increased mortality risk. Yet, youth infected with SARS-CoV-2 tend to have mild symptoms or are asymptomatic. Mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with some risk factors for COVID-19, and there is some evidence that it contributes to COVID-19 severity.[31][32][33]
Some researchers have suggested that the downstream effects of mitochondrial dysfunction is partly responsible for the severe pneumonia, multi-organ failure, and death which accompanies COVID-19.[32] However, as SARS-CoV-2 was discovered relatively recently, there is generally a lack of direct evidence linking mitochondrial dysfunction to COVID-19.
In patients suffering from COVID-19 induced pneumonia, it has been shown that mitochondrial function is dysregulated in monocytes.[33] Monocytes are cells that are part of the innate immune system, and may contribute to an exaggerated immune response that drives poor outcomes following infection.[33]
↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Cui, H., Kong, Y., & Zhang, H. (2012). Oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and aging. Journal of signal transduction, 2012.
↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 A link between mitochondrial damage and osteoporosis. (2019, May 9). ScienceDaily. https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/05/190509153425.htm
↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Ristow, M., & Zarse, K. (2010). How increased oxidative stress promotes longevity and metabolic health: The concept of mitochondrial hormesis (mitohormesis). Experimental gerontology, 45(6), 410-418.
↑ 4.0 4.1 Age-related mitochondrial dysfunction as a key factor in COVID-19 disease. (2020). Experimental Gerontology, 142, 111147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2020.111147
↑ 5.0 5.1 Chen, C., Turnbull, D. M., & Reeve, A. K. (2019). Mitochondrial dysfunction in Parkinson's disease—Cause or consequence? Biology, 8(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/biology8020038
↑ 6.0 6.1 López-Otín, C., Blasco, M. A., Partridge, L., Serrano, M., & Kroemer, G. (2013). The hallmarks of aging. Cell, 153(6), 1194–1217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2013.05.039
↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Weir, H., Yao, P., Huynh, F., Escoubas, C., Goncalves, R., & Burkewitz, K. et al. (2017). Dietary Restriction and AMPK Increase Lifespan via Mitochondrial Network and Peroxisome Remodeling. Cell Metabolism, 26(6), 884-896.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2017.09.024
↑ Okamoto, K., & Shaw, J. (2005). Mitochondrial Morphology and Dynamics in Yeast and Multicellular Eukaryotes. Annual Review Of Genetics, 39(1), 503-536. doi: 10.1146/annurev.genet.38.072902.093019
↑ Tilokani, L., Nagashima, S., Paupe, V., & Prudent, J. (2018). Mitochondrial dynamics: overview of molecular mechanisms. Essays In Biochemistry, 62(3), 341-360. doi: 10.1042/ebc20170104
↑ [Diagram of mitochondrion]. (n.d.). https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/320875
↑ 11.0 11.1 Mitochondrion | definition, function, structure, & facts. (n.d.). Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved May 11, 2021, from https://www.britannica.com/science/mitochondrion
↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 Osteoporosis overview | NIH Osteoporosis and Related Bone Diseases National Resource Center. (n.d.). Retrieved May 27, 2021, from https://www.bones.nih.gov/health-info/bone/osteoporosis/overview
↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 13.3 13.4 13.5 13.6 Wang, W., Zhao, F., Ma, X., Perry, G., & Zhu, X. (2020). Mitochondria dysfunction in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease: Recent advances. Molecular Neurodegeneration, 15(1), 30. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13024-020-00376-6
↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 Buneeva, O., Fedchenko, V., Kopylov, A., & Medvedev, A. (2020). Mitochondrial dysfunction in Parkinson's disease: Focus on mitochondrial DNA. Biomedicines, 8(12), 591. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines8120591
↑ [Diagram of the effect of free radicals on a cell]. (n.d.). https://nouvelleresearch.com/index.php/articles/368-horse-dog-health-impact-free-radicals-oxidative-stress
↑ [NciAppModulePage]. (2011, February 2). https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/reactive-oxygen-species
↑ 17.0 17.1 17.2 17.3 17.4 Bárcena, C., Mayoral, P., & Quirós, P. M. (2018). Mitohormesis, an antiaging paradigm. In International Review of Cell and Molecular Biology (Vol. 340, pp. 35–77). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.ircmb.2018.05.002
↑ 18.0 18.1 Omenn, G. S., Goodman, G. E., Thornquist, M. D., Balmes, J., Cullen, M. R., Glass, A., ... & Hammar, S. (1996). Effects of a combination of beta carotene and vitamin A on lung cancer and cardiovascular disease. New England journal of medicine, 334(18), 1150-1155.
↑ 19.0 19.1 19.2 Bell, S. M., Barnes, K., De Marco, M., Shaw, P. J., Ferraiuolo, L., Blackburn, D. J., Venneri, A., & Mortiboys, H. (2021). Mitochondrial dysfunction in alzheimer's disease: A biomarker of the future? Biomedicines, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9010063
↑ Zhu, X., Wei, Y., Yang, B., Yin, X., & Guo, X. (2020). The mitohormetic response as part of the cytoprotection mechanism of berberine. Molecular Medicine, 26(1), 10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s10020-020-0136-8
↑ 21.0 21.1 Dobson, P. F., Dennis, E. P., Hipps, D., Reeve, A., Laude, A., Bradshaw, C., Stamp, C., Smith, A., Deehan, D. J., Turnbull, D. M., & Greaves, L. C. (2020). Mitochondrial dysfunction impairs osteogenesis, increases osteoclast activity, and accelerates age related bone loss. Scientific Reports, 10. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-68566-2
↑ 22.0 22.1 Sterling, J. (2019, October 18). Metabolic mitochondria dysfunction may be primary cause of alzheimer's. GEN - Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology News. https://www.genengnews.com/news/metabolic-mitochondria-dysfunction-may-be-primary-cause-of-alzheimers/
↑ Ittner, L. M., & Götz, J. (2011). Amyloid-β and tau—a toxic pas de deux in Alzheimer's disease. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 12(2), 67-72.
↑ Wang, X., Wang, W., Li, L., Perry, G., Lee, H. G., & Zhu, X. (2014). Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Molecular Basis of Disease, 1842(8), 1240-1247.
↑ The hallmarks of aging, in plain English | Geroscience. (n.d.). Retrieved May 2, 2021, from http://geroscience.com/hallmarks-aging/
↑ 26.0 26.1 Dingman, M. (2014, November 15). Know your brain: Substantia nigra. Neuroscientifically Challenged. https://www.neuroscientificallychallenged.com/blog/know-your-brain-substantia-nigra
↑ Picca, A., Lezza, A. M. S., Leeuwenburgh, C., Pesce, V., Calvani, R., Landi, F., Bernabei, R., & Marzetti, E. (2017). Fueling inflamm-aging through mitochondrial dysfunction: Mechanisms and molecular targets. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 18(5), 933. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18050933
↑ [Diagram showing some conditions associated with osteoporosis]. (n.d.). https://www.endocrineweb.com/conditions/osteoporosis/osteoporosis-overview
↑ Parkinson's Disease. (n.d.). National Institute on Aging. Retrieved May 27, 2021, from http://www.nia.nih.gov/health/parkinsons-disease
↑ 30.0 30.1 Hallmarks of aging: Mitochondrial dysfunction | Lifespan. Io. (n.d.). Retrieved May 2, 2021, from https://www.lifespan.io/news/hallmarks-of-aging-mitochondrial-dysfunction/
↑ Shenoy, S. (2020). Coronavirus (Covid-19) sepsis: revisiting mitochondrial dysfunction in pathogenesis, aging, inflammation, and mortality. Inflammation Research, 1-9.
↑ 32.0 32.1 Ayala, D. J. M. F., Navas, P., & López-Lluch, G. (2020). Age-related mitochondrial dysfunction as a key factor in COVID-19 disease. Experimental gerontology, 111147.
↑ 33.0 33.1 33.2 Gibellini, L., De Biasi, S., Paolini, A., Borella, R., Boraldi, F., Mattioli, M., ... & Cossarizza, A. (2020). Altered bioenergetics and mitochondrial dysfunction of monocytes in patients with COVID‐19 pneumonia. EMBO molecular medicine, 12(12), e13001.
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Aging pathways and hallmarks


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Do you know that success is far easier than failing? According to Dennis P. Kimbro, real success is a matter of finding yourself, and building upon what you find; everybody is born to star at something, "NEVER LIMIT YOURSELF".
A mad man in this concept simply refer to that man that M-makes his vision clearer, A-Accommodate possibility, and D-Don't give up.
MAKE YOUR VISION CLEARER: What is vision? The ability to grasp the big picture to anticipate trends and opportunities, to think without limits, turning fantasy thinking into fantastic thinking. A vision is the future that becomes present, the unreachable that becomes reality, the mind's work on paper.
Young man, young woman, that door ahead of you is probably closed because you have closed it. Closed it by lack of ambition, drive and desire. Though perhaps you have been waiting for luck to open it; wherefore the determined soul has stepped in ahead of you and opened it himself. It is not, has never been, and can never be chance or luck, IT IS YOU!!!.
Always remember that the world makes way only for that guy who knows where he is going, therefore you need to have a guiding vision and a sense of focus; have a clear idea of what you want to do or accomplish. Never limit yourself, successful people take chances, high achievers come early and stay late. In fact, those bent on success know that if you don't stand for something, you will fall for anything.
ACCOMMODATE POSSIBILITY: The inspirational writer Napoleon Hill devoted his life to sharing the philosophy of individuals achievement with millions of aspiring men and women. As a young man he had the ambition to become a writer, toward the end, Hill saved his money and bought the finest, most complete dictionary available. All the word he would ever need was in the book, and hill meant to master them all. But he did something quite strange, he opened the dictionary, and turned to the word "impossible" and with his pen knife, he cut it out of the dictionary and threw it away. He also made a reference book void of all negative words. Thereafter, Hill built his entire career on the premise that nothing is impossible to the man or woman who wants to succeed in a big way. I am not suggesting you do your cutting in your dictionary, but from your mind. DROP IT!!! I mean the word impossible , don't ever mention it to yourself, never make it take the whole of your conversations. As far as I have learnt, nothing is impossible, even the word itself says I'MPOSSIBLE.
DON'T GIVE UP: If a man would reach the highest success, he must pay the price himself -----Booker T. washington.
God has placed the highest price upon the greatest worth said washington to a high school student, who was at the verge of giving up on his education due to lack of finance and steady mockery from his mates.
wish and another to accomplish. How much price can you pay?
When your feet are so tired that you have to shuffle back to the centre of the ring, fight one more round. When your arms are so tired that you can hardly lift your hands to come on guard, fight one more round. when your nose is bleeding and your eyes are black, and you are so tired that you wish your opponent would crack you on the jaw and put you out to sleep, fight one more round. Remember, the man who always fights one more round is never whipped. ------ James J. Corbett.
Never give up on your dreams, let no one set a limitation for your dream not even your race; just know your dream and be willing to pay the price no matter how much it costs. Believe in yourself and as Dennis P. Kimbro noted "A man must be self made, before he is ever made.
On a last note, never compete. Competition is a by-product of productive work, not it's goal. A creative man is motivated by the desire to achieve, not by the desire to beat others, BE WISE!!!!!


Last week in my first swimsuit post I told you all I'd be putting up a beauty wish list this week. After all, summer is the season of a million and one beauty launches. However, the Nordstrom Anniversary Sale is also happening and I had the very super genius idea of combining the two events. The two events being the sale and the beauty wish list.
Yes, I do realize that I am in the minority when it comes to not liking summer, but isn't autumn so much better? No? What about spring? Still a no? Fine, I'll accept that I am the weird one. This summer heat, however, did remind me that it it pool and beach season, and what better post to put up than a swimsuit one? You're welcome.
Back in May, after Harry completed the European leg of Harry Styles: Live on Tour, I did a blog post rounding up the my top five favorite suits of his. No lie, that blog post was a lot of work but honestly -- it was super fun to put together. Now that he's completed the Oceania leg of this tour, I thought I'd do the same thing because… he's got style. Get it? Style?
I love bright colors and patterns just as much as I love a good all black outfit, but there is something about summer that makes me want to wear all bright colors all the time.
A push notification from The Hollywood Reporter slid onto the top of my screen with the simple headline of Kate Spade, 55, Has Died. Not even five seconds later, E! News and Buzzfeed News all showed up on my phone with similar headlines and I honestly didn't believe it at first. As soon as I got into the office, I read countless articles on her death and perused the tweets that poured in on Twitter and truthfully -- I was devastated.
I don't know about you, but I am always trying to find a unique way to do something that has already been done, and baby showers are no exception to that rule of mine. While I do not want children myself, I've been a part of putting together a coupe of baby showers and really the first impression of whether or not the baby shower going to be a good one is the invitation isn't it?
Before I left for my little holiday in London, I mentioned possibly putting together a roundup post of my time there because I was there for quite awhile (10 days!), but then I had the brilliant idea of doing a travel guide rather than a roundup post. Whilst I was researching for London I found a travel guide hard to come by, so this post is basically what I did in London, where I stayed, what I think is worth it and not worth it, and everything in between!
Every so often, I skim through photos of Harry looking at his choice of clothes and seeing what strikes my fancy as something to recreate and honestly, this one wasn't on my list. It's not that I didn't like the suit, I did, I just tend to steer clear of shades of brown. I was actually quite surprised when I saw this suit -- it's Gucci and double-breasted, two things Harry wears a lot, but it's not a flashy a suit as we're used to seeing from him which kind of made me overlook it honestly.
Anywho, because I am on vacation this week's post is the (weird) favorites that I promised -- I call it weird, but I actually think this is kind of a genius idea (toot, toot) because --as I reminded you all in my last post-- if it wasn't for Harry Styles, I wouldn't have this blog. He's wrapped up the European leg of his 2018 tour, as well as the Oceania stint. With him currently in Asia, I thought I'd choose my five favorite suits of his from his European stops.
I thought of doing a pink shirt with white polka dots and black jeans just as Harry Styles did; but A -- it was difficult trying to find the shirt and B -- the more I thought about it, the more I decided that I wanted this one to be something of a loose interpretation and started the hunt for a blazer or a dress instead.
Favorites posts are some of my favorite (mind the pun) to read -- it's where I find fashion pieces to purchase, new beauty products to try, and new music to listen to. I've toyed with the idea of posting favorites on this blog before and I have some ideas for some Harry Styles-centric ones but I first wanted to try my hand at a more traditional Favorite post.
I'm of the persuasion that London is a place where I have to show up kind of already put together. Usually when I fly I look like I've just rolled out of bed because it's important to be comfortable on planes -- but there is something London that is bringing out the fashionista in me and I want to look a little stylish on the flight. (Yes, I'm that person -- can you believe it?) What better place to look for airport fashion than the airport fashion of Harry Styles?!
I wanted something that would be perfect for a night out on the town, and this lacy jumpsuit really brings the dressiness needed to make this perfect for going out.
Since we are in spring and Los Angeles tends to heat up pretty quickly (it's supposed to be 91 degrees tomorrow!) I wanted to bring you a fun outfit inspired by this look that is perfect for any outdoor occasion; rooftop movies, picnics, festivals, farmer's markets -- this Kendall + Kylie romper is perfect! I love it because it's a cute outfit that you can throw on and easily look put-together. If you are anything like me and you want to look cute but you don't want to put in all that effort to look cute, then this look is literally calling your name.
I thought maybe this would be one of the look I basically did a carbon copy of, because yellow suits are really awesome and very spring and I would wear a yellow suit in my everyday life tbh -- but would everyone else? So instead of doing head to toe banana (totes not opposed to that look though), I decided to do a bit of a loose interpretation of the Calvin Klein suit Harry Styles wore on the Jonathan Ross Show back in August 2017.
Topshop has an amazing petite range and nearly everything that I've bought from Topshop fits like a glove. I also love Topshop because their clothes aren't ridiculously expensive, they're trendy, and they last a long time.
Here are 7 pieces that are currently on my wishlist that will soon make it into my closet.
I thought to usher in spring and the second leg of Harry's tour, I'd feature an outfit inspired by one of the suits he wore on his first leg back in 2017 that is --of course-- floral.
The Sunshine Blogger Award is an award given to bloggers by bloggers to those they believe bring happiness and sunshine to the blogging community, and I am so happy to be nominated. The inception of this blog came when I was bored at work one day and had long since been frustrated with the fact that I wasn't doing anything creative in my spare time -- and thus, Dressing With Style(s) was born in November of 2017 and it's been a rollercoaster. And while I am not a big fan of actual rollercoasters, I have thoroughly enjoyed the one that is this blog.
Harry is no stranger to wearing all black (the pap pictures from New York City in January of this year come to mind immediately 🔥) and I myself love a good all black outfit; I think it looks very chic and like you're seconds away from saying "f*ck everything" and that is always the look I'm going for. This outfit, however, had a little something extra -- the "Styles" embroidered on it.


text:
Memories? Well, they're made of stories just like this… Remember 1985?
12th February 2010 By Kevin Baldwin Leave a Comment
Let's start with a quotation from the great philosopher Homer. Homer Simpson, I mean, not that old Greek bloke…
'Every time I learn something new, it pushes some old stuff out of my brain. Remember when I took that home winemaking course, and I forgot how to drive?'
It's one of my favourite Simpsons lines, but not because it contains a great truth. In fact, I find the exact opposite to be the case; there's no room for any new stuff in my brain because it's full.
Whenever I try to learn or remember something these days, it's as if a message pops up saying: 'Insufficient memory available to complete task'.
There are words whose meanings I've looked up again and again, but still can't remember. Heuristic. Metonymy. Venal and venial. (The only reason 'egregious' has finally stuck is that it keeps turning up in articles about Flavio Briatore.)
There are meals I've prepared more than twenty times, but I still have to follow each step of the recipe every time because my brain's turned to Teflon.
Only a couple of weeks ago, I was reading about the differences between Sunnis and Shias, but I couldn't tell you what they are if you asked now. I'd just end up trying to dodge the question with a weak Sonny and Cher joke.
So what's filling my head and not allowing new information in? I think it's mainly old football facts and memories.
I realised that this might be the case when I looked up details of the 85/86 season the other day.
(I was checking on parallels between that season and this, since they feel so similar. Both campaigns followed relegation, both started badly, with three defeats in the first five games in 1985; both featured a long, unbeaten league run from October to February including a string of consecutive wins – 10 in 85/86, 8 this season. And at the start of both seasons, we signed a not-exactly-skinny striker who banged in a hatful of goals; Grant Holt is indeed the new Kevin Drinkell.)
When looking at the list of fixtures from that season, I was amazed at how much I could recall about so many of them. A few examples – and these are just a few…
Middlesbrough away (1-1). Teesside police gave City fans returning to the rail station from Ayresome Park a lift in their vans as they said it was too dangerous to walk.
Huddersfield away (0-0). The wettest I have ever been at a football match, standing in unrelenting torrential rain on an uncovered terrace at Leeds Road. I went to a party in Solihull that evening, but felt so rough that I went home before the strip poker started. (That was as close as I, and possibly the whole of the Midlands advertising community, ever got to 1980s decadence.)
Carlisle away (4-0). I remember wondering where Paul Haylock was, since he'd only missed four games in the previous three seasons. And who on earth was this guy replacing him, this Ian Culversomethingorother?
Bradford home (0-0). For what seemed like the whole game, a group of away fans in the upper tier of the River End sang the Andy Williams standard 'I can't help falling in love with you' – except that they changed 'you' to 'BC… BCF… BCFC OK'.
Portsmouth home (2-0). I was in the River End upper tier this time, having won tickets in a PinkUn competition. (I'd correctly predicted that we'd win the previous home game against Middlesbrough 2-0, and was only about 12 out with my forecast of the attendance. Allegations of witchcraft ensued, though these evaporated when I proved unable to predict any further results with accuracy.)
The pandemonium when Mark Barham scored late on was such that I almost returned to my usual spot in the lower tier sooner than planned…
Shrewsbury away (3-0). On the train home after a totally one-sided game in icy conditions, I talked to a Shrewsbury fan about football for an hour before he realised that I was a Norwich fan. He was so appalled (and maybe a bit embarrassed) that he actually got up and went to sit in another carriage.
Wimbledon away (1-2). It proved impossible to go to the toilet at Plough Lane. There was so much heavy ironwork between the terrace and the pitch that the only clear view of the action was from the window of the loos.
A group of City fans took up residence there for the duration, making other supporters both cross and cross-legged.
Sheffield United away (5-2). A performance of such brilliance that Ken Brown's post-match press interview was interrupted by home fans singing 'We want a football team… just like you… just like you…'
Charlton away (0-1). On the way back from Selhurst Park, where Charlton were then playing their home games, the supporters' coach I was on had bricks thrown at it by Chelsea fans near the Elephant and Castle.
I don't think it was a planned ambush; they just happened to have bricks about their person, as you would if you lived in that area…
Leeds home (4-0). The Leeds players formed a guard of honour and applauded City – by then the champions – on to the pitch.
(Must say I'd like to see that again, but the end of March may be a bit soon for it to happen this time round…)
If you think this is just a list of uninteresting and inconsequential trivia… well, I tend to agree.
I wish it wasn't all sitting there taking up valuable space on my mental hard drive and slowing down the whole system.
If there's a way to send it to a recycle bin and free up capacity for new information, I'd like to know what it is. And soon, because even new football facts aren't sticking.
Before last Saturday's trip to Millwall, I had to look up who scored when we beat them at home on Boxing Day. And that really isn't good.
And finally… this is going to be somewhat at odds with what I've just written, but there is a detail from the 85/86 season which I'm frustrated not to be able to recall precisely.
The players were apparently on a bonus scheme which became extremely rewarding if they put together a string of wins.
I think the structure may have been like the ancient wheat (or rice) and chessboard problem , with the bonuses rising very sharply – so that by the time they'd won ten on the trot, they were costing the club an absolute fortune.
Anyone with an even more history-clogged brain than mine able to remember the details of this?
Filed Under: Column, Kevin Baldwin
Mark Halliwell 💙@MarkHalliwell1·
Whaddon Road witnessed a world record! #ctfc #ncfc
Chris Sadler@CS_NorthNorfolk·
Want to know #NCFC's fortunes this year? #Nostrafarmus spills all! #Predictions #Football #NorwichCity #Norwich #Norfolk #OTBC #Canaries #FortuneTelling #Future #CrystalBall #Delia #Farke Click here...
https://youtu.be/s_TlOEK4hj4
MyFootballWriter@MFW_NCFC·
NEW - City dish up the ultimate team performance with a man-of-the-match at every turn [Martin Penney]
READ HERE ➡ https://norwichcity.myfootballwriter.com/2021/01/21/city-dish-up-the-ultimate-team-performance-with-a-man-of-the-match-at-every-turn/ #ncfc
Dave Clarke@clarkedp·
@RealBristolBoy @15mel03 @GeeMacGee Would suggest based on #ncfc experience that spending £2m on 5 players is by far the better way to go if they are the right players who fit the system.
As an example the Norwich starting XI last night cost less than £8.5m in fees.
Russ@RDL198040·
@RewindNorwich I was there !!! Happy times. #ncfc

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
On	Posted on July 13, 2020 July 17, 2020 by	Michael Bilow to	Opinion
Providence Plantations: The Real History
By Michael Bilow on July 13th, 2020
Rhode Island state seal on the governor's podium as of June 24, patched up with masking tape to remove reference to "Providence Plantations" pursuant to her executive order two days earlier. (Photo: Michael Bilow)
"Rhode Island and Providence Plantations" has been the official full name of the state since the colonial era, created by the unification of the original "four towns," which in order of their dates of founding were Providence (1636), Pocasset/Portsmouth (1638), Newport (1639), and Shawomet/Warwick (1642). In 1643/1644, the towns were combined under their current name into a single governmental entity by letters patent from the English Parliament.
On June 22, Gov. Gina Raimondo announced that she would, by executive order, shorten the name to "State of Rhode Island" on documents and displays wherever she had the authority to do it, ironically speaking at a podium emblazoned with the state seal still retaining "Providence Plantations." (Two days later, the seal was temporarily patched up with masking tape.) I covered her presentation and posted a full video recording for Motif (facebook.com/watch/live/?v=721721038645901). She also supported asking voters to formally change the name by constitutional amendment at the November election, although that was overwhelmingly rejected in 2010.
The word "plantation" has come to be associated with Southern slavery, where first tobacco in the 1700s and later cotton in the 1800s were the cash crops that formed the basis of the entire regional economy, an agricultural engine entirely dependent upon vast quantities of slave labor, the larger operations requiring hundreds of enslaved people. By the 1860s, as the North grew into the world's industrial powerhouse with factories, railroads, telegraph lines, and consequent wealth, the South remained trapped by its addiction to a feudal system that benefited a few who owned land and slaves but prevented the development of modernity and a middle class, and eventually those privileged few were desperate enough to preserve their own interests that they plunged the nation into a bloody civil war lasting four years, 1861-1865, with a cost of 600,000 lives lost.
As Raimondo stated in her Executive Order 20-48, "many of the State's residents find it painful that a word so closely associated with slavery should appear in the official name of the State." The current objection to the word "plantation" is based upon visceral upset, not history. I've come to see it like the swastika: no matter how true it is that the symbol is 2,500 years old and the word "swastika" literally means in Sanskrit "there is well-being," its adoption in 1920 by Adolf Hitler makes it impossible today to see a swastika without one's first thought being of Nazism. As I noted elsewhere, the Boy Scouts started using the swastika on badges and medals in 1911, but stopped in 1934 shortly after the Nazis got into power in Germany. Beyond some threshold that has been crossed by both the swastika and the word "plantation," the symbolism becomes irredeemably infected with evil, regardless of the true history, but it is worth understanding that history.
The word "plantation" had no such association with slavery in the 1630s: it was in common use by 1610 to suggest both the idea of "planting" a colony that would grow and "planting" crops in a way that would prove economically productive; the earliest use of the word to describe a large farm of the kind needing slaves is not found until 1706. The founder of Providence, Roger Williams, had a background in the law courts of England, having clerked for the most famous lawyer and judge of the day, Edward Coke, and their relationship took on the character almost of father and son, Coke thinking so highly of Williams' ability that he paid for his formal education. Coke was so influential that he was cited and quoted, 130 years after his death, by the American revolutionaries arguing the invalidity of the Stamp Act and writing the Declaration of Independence, the Constitution, and the Bill of Rights, the latter incorporating ideas first enunciated by Coke such as the right to remain silent and the right to be secure against warrantless searches and seizures. Coke's legal radicalism was echoed by Williams who broke with ancient traditions of English practice in founding Providence: he insisted that land could not be acquired by force through "right of discovery" and instead the Native American Indians should be paid for it, he insisted that the governor and officers of the colony should be chosen by popular vote at annual elections rather than being appointed from London, and — most famously — he insisted that individuals would have full liberty of religious conscience and should be subject only to the civil law.
But Coke, until he fell out of royal favor and spent the rest of his life in parliamentary opposition, was the ultimate establishment lawyer, serving as the king's prosecutor against both Walter Raleigh and Guy Fawkes. As England began to dominate commercial seafaring, in 1622 the king created what is commonly known as the "Board of Trade," but whose official name remains to this day, almost 400 years later, "The Lords of the Committee of the Privy Council appointed for the consideration of all matters relating to Trade and Foreign Plantations." Put more simply, "plantation" was the business buzzword of the early 1600s culture of economic imperialism in which Coke and Williams were enmeshed. When the parliamentary charter was finally replaced in 1663 by a royal charter, it recognized "our Island called Rhode Island and the rest of the Colonie of Providence Plantations."
Detail "Rhode Island and the rest of the Colonie of Providence Plantations" in the Charter of 1663 by King Charles II.
Rhode Island never had large farms on the scale of slave plantations in the South, but it certainly did have slaves. House Speaker Nicholas Mattiello attracted quite a lot of attention when he questioned that fact in a radio interview on Friday, June 19: "Quite frankly, I have to educate myself, because I originally did not think we had actual slavery in Rhode Island, and that may not be accurate." The Providence Journal reported that he was "forced to backpedal." Before we pile onto the public ridicule of Mattiello as an ignoramous, it is worth quoting Joanne Pope Melish (whose PhD is from Brown) in her 1998 book, Disowning Slavery:
In Connecticut in the 1950s, when I was growing up, the only slavery discussed in my history textbook was southern; New Englanders had marched south to end slavery. It was in Rhode Island, where I lived after 1964, that I first stumbled across an obscure reference to local slavery, but almost no one I asked knew anything about it. Members of the historical society did, but they assured me that slavery in Rhode Island had been brief and benign, involving only the best families, who behaved with genteel kindness. They pointed me in the direction of several antiquarian histories, which said about the same thing. Some of the people of color I met knew more.
But Rhode Island didn't just have slaves, it had disproportionately more than the other New England colonies. In the definitive classic on the subject, The Negro in Colonial New England, Lorenzo Greene in 1942 gave specific numbers. (This was his PhD dissertation at Columbia, and it was reprinted in 1968 and 2016.) "The unusually large number of Negroes in Rhode Island late in the eighteenth century is evidence of the colony's enormous commercial activities which produced a relatively large slave-holding aristocracy," Greene wrote. There was slavery in the colony by 1652: we know this with certainty because Rhode Island needed to outlaw it on May 18 of that year, limiting indentured servitude to a term of 10 years (or age 24 if started before age 14); the evidence is that this legal prohibition was widely ignored and never enforced, and regardless was superceded by a 1703 law that officially authorized slavery.
During the 1600s, most slavery in New England, including Rhode Island, was of Native American Indians, reaching a climax after King Philip's War in 1675-1676, which historians today view as a civil war involving complicated internecine competition among various English settlers and indigenous tribes over resources such as land. Some tribes, including the Wampanoag, Nipmuck, Narragansett, and Pocumtuck fought against the English settlers, while other tribes, including the Mohegan and Mohawk, fought with the English settlers. Importantly, Rhode Island remained neutral, refusing to join the New England Confederation of English settlers from Massachusetts Bay Colony, New Haven Colony, Plymouth Colony, and Connecticut Colony. As I explained in a review of God, War, and Providence by James A. Warren (motifri.com/summer2018-nonfiction) —
The British colonists looked back helplessly with increasing alarm as the home country descended into civil war in the 1640s and the interregnum of the 1650s, and the neighboring settlements in Massachusetts and Connecticut saw the Rhode Island settlers as anarchist heretics and the native tribes as recalcitrant heathen savages. As the other colonies subjugated and Christianized the tribes, Williams and the Narragansetts formed a military and social alliance that well served their mutual goal of remaining independent: "For their part, the Puritan authorities viewed Williams' Rhode Island as a cesspool of religious and political radicalism, and the stubborn Narragansetts as both a serious security risk and an obstacle to Puritan expansion." This book is the story of how that unique confluence happened.
Seen at the time as an existential conflict by all parties, Providence was burned to the ground and numerous battles and skirmishes killed both settlers and natives with what is believed to have been the highest per capita death toll of any North American military conflict (including the 1861-1865 American Civil War in second place). On Aug 14, 1676, two days after King Philip (Metacom) was killed, effectively ending the war, a town meeting in Providence authorized a commission, including Roger Williams, to sell the captured natives into indentured servitude for limited numbers of years ranging from children under age 5 who would be freed at age 30 and those older than age 30 who would be freed after 7 years, technically not breaking the law against slavery then in effect, although it was clearly understood that many, especially those destined to be transported to the Caribbean, would be unlikely to survive long enough to reach freedom even if the terms were honored. Nevertheless, this was explicitly not chattel slavery of the kind that would be practiced centuries later, especially because the children of the indentured servants were not themselves bound. Several considerations probably motivated this action, including a desire to use proceeds from sales to compensate those, including Williams, who suffered property losses incurred in the destruction of the city, but also to avoid setting the captives free where they could, the settlers feared, resume the war. Some of the tribes who sided with the settlers during the war acquired captives from the defeated tribes as slaves.
In 1708, according to Greene, the population of the colony was 7,181, including 426 black and 56 white "servants." Greene assumes that all of the black "servants" were actually slaves, which is probably correct, especially because the black population is concentrated in the ports where the slave trading ships were based: Newport had a total population of 2,203, including 220 black and 20 white "servants," while Providence had a total population of 1,446, including 7 black and 6 white "servants." Unless Greene is correct about the black "servants" being either entirely or at least overwhelmingly slaves, it is difficult to understand why the black population of Newport was 9.9% but of Providence was 0.4%. Both the black and white population increased substantially during the 1700s, with the black population 9.1% in 1730, 9.3% in 1749, and 11.5% in 1755, about double that of other New England states. The percentage black population declined to 6-7% between 1774 and 1790. Why the decrease? In part because, during the American Revolution, the British offered freedom to any slave who could escape to their lines, an effort to sabotage the revolutionist economy.
Although Rhode Island had slaves, the numbers were tiny compared to the rest of North America. A large slave-holding estate in rural southern Rhode Island might have 40 slaves, and there were only a handful of such estates; in the Southern states, a single estate could have hundreds of slaves. Where Rhode Island stood out was the triangular trade: sugar to New England, rum to Africa, slaves to the American South and the Caribbean; before the revolution the merchants of Rhode Island controlled between 60% and 90% of the trade in African slaves, but few slaves passed through its ports because of the nature of the trade. Of an estimated 10 million slaves abducted from Africa, about a half million (5%) were brought to what is now the United States, and most were brought to the Caribbean and Latin America.
By 1784, Rhode Island enacted a law that provided for the gradual emancipation of slaves, so children born to slaves would no longer be property of their masters but instead would be temporary "apprentices," girls becoming free at 18 and boys at 21. Although there were about 4,400 blacks in Rhode Island in 1790, by 1800 the number of slaves was 384 and by 1840 only 5. What happened to freed slaves? The traditional New England custom of "warning out" anyone poor and indigent so they did not become a public charge was practiced by many towns: in 1750, only 5% of those "warned out" were black, but this rose to 22% by 1790 and 50% by 1800; those exiled from towns were not strangers, as 37% had lived there for at least five years and 26% for at least 10 years. Finally, with its 1843 constitution following the Dorr Rebellion, the state adopted abolition with a single sentence: "Slavery shall not be permitted in this state."
Rhode Island has an ugly and shameful history with slavery, but none of that has to do with "plantations" in its official name.
Free rapid COVID-19 tests available: US government web page, pharmacies
Monday early morning snow possible: Likely washed away by change to all rain
RI Health Director Alexander-Scott resigns: Led state's COVID-19 response from the beginning
News Analysis — RI ignored weeks of COVID-19 warnings: Latest surge almost all Delta, not Omicron, so far
Friday likely up to 10 inches: First significant snowstorm of the winter
+ = seven


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text:
By Doug Linkhart
Originally published in PA Times Magazine
As president of the National Civic League (NCL), Doug Linkhart brings more than 40 years of experience in the public policy arena, including eight years as a Denver City Councilman and 10 years as a Colorado State Representative and Senator. He started his career by managing local campaigns, then worked in the federal government as a presidential management intern. His life-long values of inclusiveness and equity are evident in his work at NCL to create new programs on racial equity, community health disparities and sustainability. He initiated a revision of the 30-year-old Civic Index to make sure it encourages communities to incorporate equity and inclusiveness in their civic engagement work. He also has created new collaborations with many other national organizations and has taken steps to broaden the impact of the League by reaching a bigger audience with our publications and tools. He can be reached at [email protected]
What does equity mean to you and the National Civic League (NCL)? How has that definition evolved during your career?
For the NCL, equity is the fair inclusion of everyone in a community to the point that individual characteristics and historic treatments of certain populations do not affect social and economic outcomes. As an organization focused on civic governance, we encourage all communities to be inclusive and accommodating of the needs and assets of all populations regardless of race, age, gender, class, nationality, sexual orientation or other identifying characteristics.
We work closely with national, state and local partners to define and pursue equity. One example is our work with the W.K. Kellogg Foundation on its Truth, Racial Healing and Transformation program, in which partner organizations work to promote racial healing and racial equity. Another example is United Way Worldwide, with which we and other partners work to infuse equity into health, education and other work nationwide.
During my 44-year career, the concept of equity has evolved to include more populations and focus on acknowledging and attempting to repair past wrongs. Communities around the country also are much more aware of present inequities and the need to address the vestiges of the past that reflect inequity, like holidays and memorials honoring racist individuals.
What is the source of your dedication to your work in this space? How do you work to ensure equity within the services delivered by the NCL?
Personally, my awareness of equity derives from the unrest of the 1960s, when people made themselves heard about equality and justice. Whether civil rights, equal rights or human rights, equity always has been part of my political and policy work.
At the NCL, we regularly write about equity and publish others' work in National Civic Review, our quarterly journal. We are particularly interested in the innovative and successful ways in which communities address equity and racial healing; we publish these stories in our journal, monthly newsletter and Promising Practices database. Equity is even in our mission statement: "Advancing civic engagement to create thriving, equitable communities."
We also include equity as a strong consideration in our All-America City awards program. Each year, communities apply for this designation by describing their civic capital—problem solving capacity—including the seven elements of our Civic Index, which include equity and inclusion. The judges for the All-America City awards use the index, plus annual themes like racial equity and health equity, in their decisionmaking.
Equity continues to be a struggle for our country. What forces shape this narrative, both positive and negative?
Assuring equity starts with awareness that there is inequity, and not everyone is informed or open to information about inequity. There always has been misinformation about different populations that feeds prejudice and fear. The proliferation of information sources, along with growing mistrust of media and authority figures, has led to exponential growth of this problem.
Communities across the country are experiencing changing demographics that sometimes result in conflict. Some communities are becoming more diverse, often with an influx of immigrants or people of color; others are experiencing displacement of longstanding populations. Coupled with the fear and prejudice stoked by misinformation and mythology, this often has led to conflict.
At the same time, there are positive forces that generally are more apparent in younger generations. As people grow up around people who are different in some way, they are growing more tolerant of differences not only on that spectrum, but other characteristics, as well. The wider acceptance of gay and interracial marriage is an example. Wider exposure to differences through media, the internet and travel add to this knowledge base and acceptance of others.
Why does equity matter and how do you measure it? What goals/objectives are you looking to bring to life? How will the data show that you have been successful in meeting them?
The NCL views the world through the eyes of local communities. For these entities, every person matters. Regardless of the distinguishing characteristics of specific individuals, they are each members of a community and contribute toward its wellbeing. Everyone pays taxes in some form, with behavior that contributes positively or negatively toward the community. As Elinor Ostrom writes, each is also a "co-producer," contributing their part toward governance by obeying and/or helping to enforce "community covenants."
While communities focus on outcomes to measure equity, we tend to focus on inputs—the policies and practices that contribute to more inclusiveness and more equitable outcomes. Examples include communities with racial equity officers and goals that incorporate equity; communities that set up outreach and input processes that meet the needs and interests of various populations; and communities that establish policies for voting and law enforcement that maximize participation and fairly reflect community values.
At the community level, success is shown by widespread and diverse engagement in community affairs and decisions that result in economic prosperity and happiness. As the saying goes, people express themselves with their feet, so it soon becomes obvious which communities are more successful.


I've been experimenting with epicyclic gears, in particular the asymmetric 'looney gears' that has 4 different size cogs with teeth that are prime numbers. I wanted to measure the global rotation of various components, but got odd values.
I'm guessing it's me who doesn't understand global rotation. Any ideas ?
Ok, this is probably stupid of me to say, and not understanding the math or the exact function of epicyclic gears.
I'm assuming you are trying to measure the global rotation of the "larger" gear, that will drive the smaller gear which rotates AND revolves around the larger gear. So are you trying to find the rotation of the larger gear being driven by the parent null to use XPresso with a value or math node to drive the rotation of the smaller gear being driven by the larger gear?
I'm trying to wrap my head around this, seems like a fun challenge.
I'm also not sure if this will help at all, but I found this with a quick search. Hope it does though.
You need to be aware that global rotation is the result of a calculation, not immediate data. Local rotation is what is stored in the object and then computed with the matrices of all parents to derive at the global rotation. This transformation can lead to all kinds of side effects, like the ones you observed, so you should use local rotation whenever possible.
Thanks Srek - that makes sense.
@Remi I more or less understand epicyclic math - there's an example in this zip file. The other scene in the zip 'looney gears' is based on a puzzle toy where the challenge is to guess how many times the red '13 cog' must be turned to get all the other cogs lined up again. I wanted to measure the global rotations, but as Srek said, it's not really possible.


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text:
Climate Access: Featured Member Questionnaire, Emily Wasley Seyller
CadmusKnowledgeClimate Access: Featured Member Questionnaire, Emily Wasley Seyller
Originally published by Climate Access
Emily Wasley Seyller
Senior Climate Risk & Resilience Specialist, Cadmus
What I'm working on now:
I'm currently supporting a series of initiatives with the White House and FEMA's National Exercise Division on their Regional Climate Adaptation, Preparedness, and Resilience Exercise and Seminar Series. Through my support, Cadmus' role is to identify and translate the best available national, regional, and local climate science, connections with the Nation's top climate, economic, and social scientists, and understanding of and collaboration with existing resilience initiatives on the ground. Our end goal is to empower and enable collaboration across multiple stakeholders to enhance resilience through local hazard mitigation planning and preparedness efforts.
Why I initially started working on climate issues:
I fell in love with the environment at a very young age. I collected rocks, sand, gems, you name it, and loved being outdoors, admiring nature's beauty while traveling with my family across Europe and the U.S. But it wasn't until my senior year of high school when I knew I wanted to work on environmental and climate issues through my ecology class and a 2-week intensive trip I was lucky enough to go on to the Drakensberg Mountains and along the Umfolozi River in South Africa. I was in awe of the landscape, habitat, wild animals, and openness that this part of the world exuded and felt an extreme need to protect areas like this from development, climate impacts, and the continued depletion of valuable resources.
Following this realization, I decided to focus my undergraduate studies on public policy and environmental science which led me into my first job in the Washington, DC area conducting environmental site assessments on various brownfield sites in the region. While working, I applied and was accepted into GW's Environmental and Natural Resources Policy graduate program where I focused on sustainable mechanisms to cleanup brownfields, protect the environment, and revitalize neighborhoods. When I transitioned to working at Booz Allen, I led an interdisciplinary team exploring the national security implications of climate change – so this really got me more involved in the climate risk and resilience space. I specialized in understanding how changes in our climate (e.g., higher temperatures, extreme weather events, sea level rise, etc.) can exacerbate existing stressors and further threaten our national security. Then through my work with the U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP) as their Inform Decisions and Adaptation Science Program Manager, I was able to better identify the research needed to (1) adapt to these changes, and (2) evaluate the effectiveness of actions proposed to enhance resilience and not further add to the problem. This type of understanding and knowledge led me into the preparedness and risk management fields that I support today.
The climate work I'm most proud of:
I'd have to say that my climate work at USGCRP and the current projects I'm involved with through Cadmus are some of the climate work of which I'm most proud. Leading USGCRP's Adaptation Science Interagency Working Group allowed me to connect the science providers (USGCRP partner agencies) with the users (Federal agencies responsible for delivering Agency Adaptation Plans) to inform their vulnerability assessments and development of actions needed to enhance resilience. My work with USGCRP also allowed me the opportunity to inform the President's Climate Action Plan, Third U.S. National Climate Assessment, and other agency-specific initiatives to enhance community resilience. The work I've continued to be involved in with the White House and FEMA NED has given me the chance to connect with regional and local stakeholders to better understand the decisions they're making for adaptation and the information they need to inform those decisions. It's also given me the chance to get back into scenario planning for possible futures – something I did quite a bit of when I was involved in the climate change and national security work.
A recent and tangible accomplishment that I'm pretty proud of is the identification of the Federal and non-Federal climate resilience initiatives ongoing and working with NOAA to create a GIS map of the initiatives so that we can (1) identify areas of collaboration where ongoing efforts already exist, and (2) identify regions or locales that haven't had much attention and could greatly benefit from additional support.
The biggest obstacle I face in my work:
One of the biggest obstacles I face in my work is moving the dialogue from "Is climate change manmade?" to "We need to act now to limit the impacts we are already starting to, and will continue to, experience in the future." Taking action now to avoid an impact that may play out 5-10 years from now is very challenging to explain to decisionmakers who work on a 6-12 month decision scale with competing priorities. It's an obstacle we will continue to face, but I've found that identifying how climate change will impact their other priorities, assets, or interests and measures that other similar regions, locales, or decisionmakers are taking to adapt to similar impacts has been relatively effective and left them with an optimistic outlook.
The reason why I joined Climate Access:
I joined Climate Access after talking with Cara Pike about the work that Climate Access is involved in, existing adaptation and resilience initiatives, and potential areas of collaboration. Climate Access is raising awareness about risk and opportunities in the face of a changing climate through effective visualizations and communication techniques. When I'm translating science, meeting with stakeholders, and facilitating exercises, the methods, tools, and visualizations that Climate Access uses are those that are critical to educating stakeholders, decisionmakers, and the general public on why it's so important that we take action now to prepare for and adapt to the changes we're already experiencing and will continue to witness.
Something you probably don't know about me:
I've played the violin since I was 5 years old and grew up in London, UK.
My favorite quote:
"There is a delight in the hardy life of the open. There are no words that can tell the hidden spirit of the wilderness that can reveal its mystery, its melancholy and its charm. The nation behaves well if it treats the natural resources as assets which it must turn over to the next generation increased and not impaired in value. Conservation means development as much as it does protection."
– Theodore Roosevelt, 26th President of the United States
This quote captures the essence of why I have pursued a career in climate change risk and resilience.


The first time I made chocolate orange scones was in one of my very first baking classes at Kendall College. I had never had dark chocolate and orange together before so at first I was definitely a little skeptical, but after one bite I was sold. Since then, dark chocolate and orange have been one of my favorite combinations. This recipe is slightly adapted from the scones I made in school, I substituted a portion of the heavy cream for sour cream, and added fresh squeezed orange juice rather than just the zest. I also opted for an orange glaze rather than just sugar on top.
Add flour, baking powder, salt, and sugar to mixing bowl. Mix ingredients on low speed (or by hand with a whisk) until they are all combined. Next you want to cube your butter, i1/2" x 1/2" cubes are ideal, but they do not need to be exact. Add your cubed butter to the flour mixture and mix on low speed until the butter begins to break up, you're looking for pea size pieces.
In a separate bowl, combine eggs, heavy cream, and sour cream. Still on low speed add to flour mixture, and mix until just combined. It is important not to overmix or dough will become very tough, rather than soft and flaky.
Once the dough comes together turn off the mixer and add the chocolate, orange zest, and orange juice. I like to give my chocolate a rough chop before adding it so it distributes more evenly throughout the scones, but it is definitely a personal preference. I also prefer to use dark chocolate in this particular recipe, like 64% or 71%, but again the type is really a personal preference. The nice thing about this recipe is that you can substitute almost any ingredient you want for chocolate such as dried cranberries, cherries, or nuts.
Next, press the dough into a plastic lined round pan. I use a pie tin but a cake pan would work too. I line the pan with plastic wrap before placing the dough in because it makes removing the dough much easier. After you press the dough into the pan, make sure the top is flat and cover with remaining plastic. Place in freezer 30 minutes to 1.5 hours. (longer = better) Once the dough is frozen remove from the pan and get rid of any plastic wrap. Place dough on floured surface and cut into 8 equal triangles. Place on a parchment lined pan and brush with heavy cream. Bake for 23 minutes, rotating halfway through.
While the scones are baking you can prepare the glaze. Combine the powdered sugar, orange juice, and heavy cream. Whisk together until smooth. Add zest. Once scones are cooled spoon the glaze over the top. If glaze seems too runny add powdered sugar 1 teaspoon at a time until desired consistency is reached.


Returning to the field after an opening day defeat, Audi maintained the lead throughout the entirety of the game, outscoring rival Postage Stamp Farm 12-11 on Thursday, August 31. With Nick Manifold out due to injury, Francisco Mera subbed in for team Audi.
Kris Kampsen and Mariano Aguerre. All photos courtesy of Marcelo Bianchi.
As the first chukker began on the flat, Mera started the game off with a quick goal, soon returned by a goal from Brandon Phillips. Adding two consecutive goals before the end of the chukker, Audi would set a strong pace for the first half of the game, daring Postage Stamp to keep up. Mera again started off play in the second, an assertive move which resulted in a Penalty 4 against him. Taking advantage of an easy point, Miguel Astrada converted the penalty, but his team could not subdue Audi who managed to double their lead 6-3 when the horn sounded concluding the second chukker. Invigorated to increase their lead even further, Audi's offensive strategy intensified in the third as both teams traded goals back and forth. With a final Penalty 4 conversion by Mariano Gonzalez, Audi again doubled Postage Stamp Farm, ending the half 10-5.
Realizing they had limited time to overtake Audi, Postage Stamp Farm gave a valiant effort in the second half, preventing their rival from scoring any goals in the fourth. With a renewed defensive strategy in place, Phillips and Kris Kampsen each added a goal to their tally as they started to creep up the scoreboard. Entering the fifth chukker, Mariano Aguerre struck first, but Phillips leveled the advance with another goal. As the fifth ended 12-8 still in favor of Audi, Postage Stamp Farm gave their strongest last ditch effort to pull off an upset in the sixth. Blocking all of Audi's attempts to score, Postage Stamp Farm aggressively completed three consecutive goals, finally separated by only one point. Time on their side, Audi retained the lead just enough as the clock ran out, winning the game 12-11.
Game one champion GSA will rival fellow newcomer Hublot in game three this afternoon, Friday, September 1 on field 2. For live game coverage from Greenwich Polo Club, watch the USPA Polo Network livestream for all the action as it happens.


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Home / News / Wealthy BLM Co-Founder BUILDS A WALL Around Her Million Dollar Estate
Wealthy BLM Co-Founder BUILDS A WALL Around Her Million Dollar Estate
June 12, 2021 - News
Sometimes you really have to marvel at the hypocrisy of the left.
For four years under Trump, we were told by the left that a border wall wouldn't work, that walls were racist and xenophobic.
Now the co-founder of Black Lives Matter, who has become an extremely wealthy woman, is building a wall around her million dollar home in California.
You couldn't make this up.
BLM co-founder Patrisse Cullors erects fencing and electric gate around her new $1.4M home: report
Black Lives Matter co-founder Patrisse Cullors has reportedly put up a fence and electric gate around her $1.4 million home in Los Angeles.
Cullors, 37, closed on the 2,380 square-foot, three-bedroom, three-bath home in March.
Cullors stepped down from her role as executive director of the group's central foundation last month amid questions about her finances, though she denied those attacks had any role in her leaving.
Cullors' finances drew attention in April after the New York Post reported she had purchased four homes for $3.2 million. The report prompted Hawk Newsome, the head of Black Lives Matter Greater New York City, to call for an "independent investigation" into the foundation's finances. The two organizations are not affiliated.
Critics have pointed out that Cullors bought the high-end homes despite referring to herself as a "trained Marxist" in the past…
A neighbor told Daily Mail that a subcontractor told him the wooden fence they were erecting around the property and other exterior improvements in the "$35,000 range."
"It will have an electronic gate at the driveway portion, a walk up door, and call box, and other safety measures, cameras – you know, to keep the riff raff out," the neighbor added.
Just amazing.
Walls for me but not for thee.
Wealthy BLM Co-Founder BUILDS A WALL Around Her Million Dollar Estate Reviewed by CUZZ BLUE on June 12, 2021 Rating: 5
Leland Roth 12 June 2021 at 10:46
Moar MJ12 on the vax
https://t.me/therealmj12/484
Do not get the jab.
What percentage of the global population have died thus far from COVID?
How many more percentage points are needed to get to 6%? (=>Q#529 -> https://t.me/therealmj12/486)
That [diff] will be roughly the number of deaths from the COVID-19 vaccine.
Global population: 7,874,965,825
6% of Global Population: 472,497,949 (472 Million)
Current COVID-19 Death Count: 3.76 Million
Outstanding COVID-19 Vaccination Deaths: 468.24 Million left
Are Patriots in Control through?
What happens if Patriots knew [they] were planning COVID-19 when Obama was re-elected?
What happens if Patriots were able to, during the 3 years of 45's administration, able to disarm the virus to an extent enough that even CASES are 63% below the target depopulation of 6%?
When President Trump speaks about the "millions and millions of lives that were saved" by forcing the Vaccine to be emergency authorization (and therefore not mandatory), significantly hindered [their] abilities to murder an additional 468M people.
Communists are relentless and the CCP will gladly murder 468 Million People if it means China is able to be the global totalitarian technocracy dictatorship of a global new world order that enforces global communism that Elon Musk is helping to establish.
Knowlingly helping.
NO DEALS.
https://wearethene.ws/notable/221633


De Staël's paintings emphasise the physical nature of their surfaces and his typically energetic work is seen at its most explosive here. The title Marathon may reflect the struggle that the painter experienced in having his art accepted. De Staël, who tackled several sporting themes, may also have seen a comparison between the demands of creating a painting and the extended exertion of the race.
Lit: R.V. Gindertael, Nicolas de Sta?l (Paris 1951), p.9, repr. pl.9; Douglas Cooper, Nicolas de Sta?l (London 1961), pp.22-4, repr. pl.8 in colour; Andr? Chastel, Jacques Dubourg, Fran?oise de Sta?l and others, Nicolas de Sta?l (Paris 1968), No.134, p.99 and repr.
The title 'Marathon' was probably a reference to the grimness of de Sta?l's daily existence at this period and to his long, hard struggle to evolve a personal style. Most of his paintings of 1946-8 are known simply as 'Composition', but the others tend to have titles of a similar kind, such as (1946) 'Harsh Life'; (1947) 'By Fits and Starts', 'Ravine', 'Resentment', 'Stone Throwing'; (1948) 'The Difficult Path'.
The back of the material on which this picture is painted has a number of scattered angular patches of dull red which form part of a repeat pattern. De Stacl appears to have painted on the front side of a piece of printed fabric and it is possible that he took certain of the shapes and their general disposition as his starting-point.


"Since I'm a bass player, you know bass players can't live without the funk music. You gotta like the funk and the R&B," said Ian Draves, Liberal Arts emphasis, with a laugh while listing off the genres he enjoys to play.
For some, a love of music starts at a young age like it did for Draves. "When I was a young kid I was always surrounded by music. It always interested me," said Draves, smiling.
"I got my first bass guitar when I was in 5th grade but I didn't really seriously start playing until middle school when I joined orchestra and [that] was when things kind of progressed," said Draves. He said he had a few private lessons while growing up but is mostly self-taught. Draves was able to take lessons while at Washington High School and further his skill with bass guitar.
His passion for guitar was inspired by from his father. Draves said, "He was a guitar player when I was younger and he also owned a record store when I was a child." Being surrounded by music helped Draves pursue his curiosity. "I always kind of wanted to fit in with him I guess," said Draves, reminiscing.
Bass guitar is not Draves' only talent. "Bass is my primary instrument but I can play a little piano. I can also play guitar decently well and I've actually been working on drumming a lot lately." All those instruments require practice, especially for a music enthusiast. "Normally I get maybe about an hour a day [of practice], three days a week. It's kind of slacking a little bit but I play a lot of stuff [at Kirkwood] so I keep myself busy," said Draves.
Throughout Draves' schooling he has had numerous opportunities with music, including playing in Chicago and Kansas City as part of different jazz festivals. Some of these opportunities happened while he attended Washington High School. "My orchestra got nominated to play at Carnegie Hall in New York, so I got that when I was a freshman," he said. When he was a sophomore Draves was able to play alongside his orchestra at the Iowa Bandmasters Association. The association is a large conference including a range of different music instructors in Iowa. "I've played at a lot of different places over the years," said Draves.
Draves said he plans to move to Chicago or New York. "The goal of everyone who plays music is to tour the world and have everyone scream [their] name, but my goal is to be a studio musician," said Draves.


Results from a controversial research project in which scientists created a pandemic strain of the deadly H5N1 bird flu virus in the lab were finally published on Thursday, after an eight-month delay while scientists and biosecurity officials debated how much of the information should be made public.
Scientists wanted to know what changes in the H5N1 virus, which cannot currently spread between people, were necessary for it to become transmissible through the air via coughs and sneezes. They genetically modified the wild H5N1 virus and found that it would only require mutations at five locations in its genome for a pandemic strain to emerge.
Ron Fouchier, professor of molecular virology in the department of virology at the Erasmus Medical Center in the Netherlands, led the team of scientists who created the virus. They genetically altered the wild H5N1 virus at three locations and then used it to infect ferrets – the standard model used to mimic flu in humans. As the virus spread between the animals by physical contact, it picked up additional mutations until, with only five mutations to differentiate it from the wild virus, it became airborne and able to spread via the kind of tiny droplets produced in a cough or sneeze.
The publication of both Kawaoka and Fouchier's research had been delayed by several months after the US government's National Science Advisory Board for Biosecurity (NSABB) warned that the information should be censored to avoid being misused, for example by terrorists. Scientists argued that the research should be published in full so that they and public health authorities would be prepared with vaccines and public health protocols if the wild strain of H5N1 naturally mutated into a form that could easily spread between people.
Bird flu was first identified in poultry around 16 years ago and, in the rare instances when it infects people, can cause serious illness or death. It cannot currently spread between humans, but scientists wanted to find out how many genetic changes it would take for the virus to become airborne.
"Our main conclusion is that the H5N1 bird flu virus can acquire the ability of aerosol transmission between mammals, and we show that as little as five mutations, but certainly less than 10, are sufficient to make H5N1 virus airborne," said Prof Fouchier. When the virus had become airborne, however, it did not kill the infected ferrets.
Scientists had thought that, to start a pandemic, flu viruses would first have had to mix their genes with another virus in the animal host. But Fouchier's work showed that this "reassortment" process was not required for H5N1 to become airborne.
Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases at the National Institutes of Health, said the benefits of publishing the results of Fouchier's and Kawaoka's work outweighed the risks. "When you get out something into the general literature, you stimulate thoughts and input from people who at first glance you may not think would have an interest in it. So when it's out there in the general literature, anyone from x-ray crystallographers to structural biologists to physiologists to viral epidemiologists can get involved."
• This article was amended on 22 June 2012. The original referred to ferrets as rodents. This has been corrected.


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BEHAVE YOURSELF. Please do not talk about or allude to sexual acts, "services", or behaviors in any form or manner. Not only is it impolite but it will force our engagement to be terminated. Our arrangements are for my time and companionship only. What happens during our time spent is between two consenting adults who possess similar likes and interests. It's that simple.
Also keep in mind that I may not have had the opportunity to respond just yet! I do not have a booking assistant and I typically only check my emails in the mornings. Please give me 48 hours to respond. Thank you for your patience!


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Friday, Nov 16, 2012 04:15 AM
Rodgers embraces special opportunity
Bryan Strickland
CHARLOTTE - Richard Rodgers' playing days are well behind him, but he still competes on the football field just like did when he wore a helmet rather than a headset.
Sunday, Rodgers will have even more to do with the competitive product that the Panthers put on the field when he debuts as Carolina's special teams coordinator.
"It's a great opportunity for me, and I'm taking it as that," Rodgers said. "We live vicariously through these players. We can't go down and make plays for them. If I could, I would, but the bottom line is that they've got to execute and have the confidence to run down and make the plays.
"It's our job to put them in position to do that."
That was Brian Murphy's job, with an assist from Rodgers, before Panthers head coach Ron Rivera relived Murphy of his duties Monday, citing production and philosophical differences.
Expect Rivera and Rodgers, who played together in college at California in the early 1980s, to be on the same page. Rodgers was special teams captain for three seasons and held that role when the Bears stunned Stanford with "The Play" three decades ago.
He got the nickname "Rock" at Cal, and it has stuck all these years.
"I respect 'Rock' a lot. He knows his stuff," said Panthers safety Colin Jones, a special teams stalwart. "Everybody is eager to work with him. I definitely think we'll be heading in the right direction with 'Rock' leading us."
Rodgers' charge is to lead the Panthers up from the bottom of the NFL rankings in numerous special teams categories.
Carolina is outside the top 20 in punt and kickoff return average. Just seven teams allow a better average starting position after kicking off than the Panthers, and just seven teams average a worse starting position after fielding kickoffs than the Panthers.
"It's not that we have to do things differently. We have to execute," Rodgers said. "We have a veteran group with some guys we brought in for special teams, and they've got to pick it up.
"My focus for them is to be focused. They've been responsive. We need to be a team, need to be together and go at this thing in that manner."
Rodgers' means for reaching that end is simple to explain but not as simple to execute.
"I have a term that I haven't even used with them: CIA," he said. "Controlled. Intense. Aggressive. If we can play that way, we'll be fine.
"You don't want out of control, ever. You want to be under control and understand the situation. For the most part, we've got a good, solid foundation. That's there, so then it's how do you unleash it, let it go, without being too careless?"
Rodgers, who coached special teams on and off for nearly a quarter-century on the college level, needs time to get his approach up to full speed, but he knows he doesn't have it. The Panthers need to improve immediately, and while they put all due time into special teams, it still is limited.
"You have to understand your role and know that there are certain time constraints you work in," Rodgers said. "The offense and defense get most of the time, so we have to be crisp with our time. There's a happy medium between teaching, learning and executing. The big test is on game day, and all those things have to come together for you to have success."
With just one coach instead of two now focused on special teams, Rodgers is getting help from an array of assistants.
Running backs coach John Settle and assistant wide receivers coach Ricky Proehl have pitched in with the kickoff return unit this week. Assistant offensive line coach Ray Brown has helped with field goal protection, offensive quality control coach Sam Mills III worked with the "show team" that mimicked Tampa Bay's dangerous punt block unit, and defensive assistant Bobby Babich has assisted in multiple areas.
"Everybody is pretty much pitching in and getting involved. I kind of get in the way on occasion as well," Rivera said. "It's a little different attitude. We're trying to get things going."
The Panthers, of course, aren't likely to make a special teams splash Sunday that rivals "The Play," but Rodgers is driven to have his units make just as big an impact on the game's outcome.
"Hopefully," Rodgers said, "I can help these players become better football players and help us win some games."
How to watch, listen and follow: Carolina at San Francisco in Week 8
FOX will carry the game in select regions and it will be streamed by Yahoo! Sports at 4 p.m. ET and 1 p.m. PT.
How to watch, listen and follow: Carolina vs. Tampa Bay in Week 6 from London
NFL Network will carry the game nationwide and it will be streamed by Yahoo! Sports at 9:30 a.m. ET.
How to watch, listen and follow: Carolina vs. Tampa Bay in Week 2
NFL Network will carry the game nationwide and it will be streamed by Yahoo! Sports.
How to watch, listen and follow: Carolina vs. Los Angeles in Week 1
Fox will carry the game on air while local fans can stream the game for free.
How to watch, listen and follow: Carolina vs. Pittsburgh in Preseason Week 4
Fans can watch the game on regional TV and NFL Network nationwide.
How to watch, listen and follow: Carolina at New England in Preseason Week 3
Fans can watch the game on TV and streaming online in the Panthers regional area.
Grill Bill: Most under-the-radar training camp standout?
A rookie offensive lineman has coaches excited.
How to watch, listen and follow: Carolina vs. Buffalo in Preseason Week 2
How to watch, listen and follow: Carolina at Chicago in Preseason Week 1
2019 Training Camp Observations: A picturesque Tuesday
A light practice ahead of the preseason opener still provided a number of good photos.
2019 Training Camp Observations: Javien Elliott emerging at nickel back?
After spending three seasons in Tampa Bay, Elliott could bring much-needed experience to a key role in the Panthers' secondary.
Broadcast Info: Panthers vs. Seahawks
How and where to watch Carolina's Week 12 game against Seattle.