text:
Ambulance chasers
DAVE ARMSTRONG SAID:
It's now past six hours since I documented how cathmom had apologized, and still no acceptance of it here, in Christian charity. Why should it take so long? Is it not part of Reformed Christianity to accept and acknowledge a heartfelt apology when it is offered? It was certainly part of my evangelical Christianity.
On my blog she even said she went to confession over it, so obviously she is sincere in intent. Or is that what you deny? Otherwise, why the great gap in response?
Catholics say "I'm sorry" or "I apologize" to other human beings, just like everyone else (!). It's Christianity 0101, but it seems to be such an advanced Christianity for Steve, that he doesn't grasp it. It's too much fun running down Catholics, to pause and say "I accept your apology." Pretty novel and bizarre stuff, huh Steve?
First of all, I don't ordinarily handle communications from Dave. I normally delegate that sort of thing to my personal assistant, Pepper Potts.
Secondly, I was having dinner with Beyoncé Friday night, so I instructed Miss Potts not to disturb me unless there was some ecoanarchoterrorist attack on one of my subsidiaries.
Third, cathmom's qualified apology is irrelevant. I never sought an apology. I wasn't personally wronged by cathmom. I wasn't offended by her tirade. That was never the point.
The initial point was to simply expose the quality of reasoning you typically find among lay Catholic epologists. Having succeeded, there's nothing more to say at my end.
Fourth, why did Armstrong reedit his post to scrub all references to cathomom ("I have reposted the following remarks, that were in this combox, so as to uphold the anonymity of the woman who made them"), only to turn right around and demand a public acknowledgment on my part? If protecting her anonymity is now the priority, how's that consistent with demanding a public acknowledgement from me concerning her?
Fifth, there were several parties to this imbroglio. In addition to cathmom there's Scott Windsor. But Windsor, rather than accepting rational correction, has chosen to dig in his heels.
So there's nothing for me to "acknowledge" on that score, even if I was under some (imaginary) obligation to do so.
Sixth, Armstrong's contribution would have been preferable had he not turned this into yet another pretext for self-aggrandizement. But by hogging the limelight, his intervention now looks purely opportunistic.
Labels: Catholicism, Dave Armstrong, Hays
Graded Absolutism
http://parablemania.ektopos.com/archives/2011/08/graded-abs.html
HT: Patrick Chan
Labels: ethics, Hays, Metaethics
Secular fundies
http://keithburgess-jackson.typepad.com/blog/2011/08/roger-scruton-on-secularization.html
Labels: Atheism, Culture Wars, Hays, Social Commentary
The Epistemology of Disagreement and its Employment by Catholic Apologists
http://analytictheologye4c5.wordpress.com/2011/08/12/the-epistemology-of-disagreement-and-its-employment-by-catholic-apologists/
Labels: Catholicism, Epistemology, Hays, Manata
Male headship and Mme President
Byron York's question to Bachmann raises an interesting conundrum. Apparently her husband was responsible for pushing her into having a career outside the home.
What if a husband is ambitious for his wife? What if he pushes her to move up the social ladder? To occupy positions in the public or private sector where she outranks many men? Indeed, where she is, in some sense, her husband's boss?
What's the submissive thing for a wife to do in that situation? Is she insubordinate if she disobeys? Or is she insubordinate if she obeys–thereby relegating her husband to a role subordinate to herself?
If submission to the husband's wishes promotes the wife by demoting the husband, which response is insubordinate?
Labels: Culture Wars, ethics, Hays, Politics
"The New Yorker, Michele Bachmann, and Me"
http://www.humanevents.com/article.php?id=45467
Labels: 2012 Presidential Election, Culture Wars, Hays, Politics
Handicapping the Ames debate
I saw most of the GOP debate last night. A basic problem with the format is that when you have an 8-way debate, with 1-minute answers, that invites a certain amount of posturing and grandstanding. Candidates have to resort to over-the-top rhetoric and hyperbolic sound bites just to make their mark, to stand out and be memorable.
He wasn't there, but his name came up. He may well be a major player when he shortly gets into the race. However, he has two potential liabilities:
i) He recently classified both abortion and sodomite marriage as states'-rights issues, then backpeddled.
ii) He hasn't been tested in a national campaign, or even a national debate.
T-Paw
He has a lot going for him on paper. His major problem is stylistic, but in politics, presentation matters. He has the natural demeanor of a Sunday school teacher. He doesn't project the image or temperament of a natural leader.
He's become acutely aware of his soft, nice-guy image, and so he sometimes overcompensates by acting rough and tough. But it's strained and unconvincing.
Not surprisingly, Gingrich was well-spoken, if a bit testy. He's nothing if not articulate. Indeed, that's both his strength and his weakness. However, he can't afford to be too prickly and thin-skinned if he expects to succeed in his presidential bid. The coverage will be ruthless and relentless.
Romney is like a franchise: he churns out a very predictable, standardized performance. He's strong on economic issues, which is a big deal in this election.
He drew technical distinctions between Obamacare and Romney care. The distinctions were correct, but miss the point: should gov't, whether federal, state, or local, be allowed to make citizens purchase goods and services they don't want and/or don't need?
She was cool, poised, and focused under pressure. But she suffers from three potential liabilities:
i) If she's the nominee, the mainstream media will try its best (or worst) to Bork her. And, while that's unfair, she's an easier target than someone like T-Paw.
ii) She spreads herself very thin. She does lots of speaking engagements. She has a large family.
As a result, she has a tendency to wing it, which makes her vulnerable to gaffes. She lacks the detailed mastery of facts you get from a single-minded policy wonk.
That's not a criticism of her priorities, but if you get a reputation for gaffes, that can be politically damaging.
iii) An issue which both T-Paw and Santorum raised is her lack of legislative accomplishments and/or executive experience. Can she get things done? Can she broker deals? Are lost causes her cause in life?
To some extent, this is difficult to assess. A Congressional lawmaker isn't comparable to a governor.
Likewise, to pass signature legislation, you need seniority, and you need to belong to the party in power. She hasn't had much opportunity to rack up a constructive record.
I'm always ambivalent about Ron Paul.
i) He's the only candidate on the stage who would truly downsize our bloated Federal gov't–if he had the chance. However, even if he were elected president, I doubt he'd succeed in radically scaling back the size of the Federal gov't. That's not something a president can do unilaterally. There too many special interest groups with a stake in the nanny state, and too many voters addicted to the nanny state.
ii) I don't see the point of the gold standard. Gold has no intrinsic value. And its value is ultimately valued in national currencies, like the dollar. It's no more stable than the dollar, or euro.
iii) His isolationist rhetoric has more resonance for a war-weary nation.
The problem is that Ron Paul's ideology is so formulaic that it has prepared answers for every issue. It doesn't allow for rational discrimination. Facts don't matter, for it's the same answer in every situation.
a) Take his notion that terrorists should be accorded full due process rights. This fails to draw an elementary distinction: we should treat like situations alike, and unlike situations unalike.
A foreign terrorist is not equivalent to an American citizen. Likewise, a terrorist is not equivalent to a house burglar.
A terrorist will game the system. Exploit this system to destroy the system. And the risk factors are far higher.
Given the presumption of innocence, the burden of proof is on the prosecution. That means a foreign-born terrorist will probably be acquitted in a federal court of law. The odds favor acquittal.
b) Likewise, take his comparison between Iran and Cold War Russia. The reason that MAD worked is that communist leaders were in no hurry to die. They didn't believe in the afterlife.
Jihadis have a very different outlook. To the jihadi, pushing the red button gets you 72 renewable virgins in paradise.
Santorum
For some reason, Santorum has a hard time getting traction. In general, I think he'd make a fine president. I'm not quite sure why he doesn't catch on with GOP voters.
Ironically, because he has a more combative personality than T-Paw, he can be more aggressive without seeming mean or petty, unlike T-Paw, when T-Paw acts out-of-character to do his (bad) tuff-guy impersonation.
He raises an important, but vexed issue, about states' rights. To what extent do individual states have the right to wrong their citizens?
Cain turned in a fairly solid performance, but he wasn't a standout in this debate.
Not only are his social views out of sync with the religious right (which is a dominant faction in the GOP), but he came across as nervous, quavery, and insecure. Like a cat facing down a big dog. There was also the tiresome trope about how "proud" he is of his record. But to keep repeating how proud you are doesn't give the audience a reason to share your pride.
Domestic animals sometimes become feral animals, and interbreed with compatible wild animals. Conversely, hunters sometimes introduce wild game animals into foreign habitat. These animals sometimes interbreed with compatible native wild species or compatible domestic livestock. Or sometimes exotic pets escape. Or owners dump exotic pets when they become too much of a handful.
To take some concrete examples, wild boar, which were introduced into North America, interbreed with domestic pigs. Lions and tigers sometimes interbreed–producing ligers.
In South Florida, there's a concern that Burmese pythons may interbreed with African rock pythons. And you also have reticulated pythons in Florida. Dingoes are another example. And Africanized bees.
Or compare feral horse with wild horses.
This raises a question: if an evolutionary biologist were examining the fossil remains of hybrids, how could he tell the difference between a hybrid and an intermediate or transitional species?
Suppose he had fossil remains of lions, tigers, and ligers. In principle, you could have four competing evolutionary trees:
i) Lions evolved from tigers–via ligers
ii) Tigers evolved from lions–via ligers
iii) Ligers evolved from lions and tigers
iv) Ligers were the common ancestor of lions and tigers
How does an evolutionary biologist distinguish evidence for transitional/intermediate species from evidence for hybrids?
Wouldn't a hybrid share characteristics of two distinct taxa?
Labels: Darwinism, Evolution, Hays
"CALVINISM'S GOD IS SATAN AND OTHER SUCH NONSENSE"
http://thearminian.net/2011/08/08/calvinisms-god-is-satan-and-other-such-nonsense/
Labels: Arminianism, Calvinism, Hays
The flaming Randi
James Randi came out of the closet. He also has an interview where he apparently elaborates. I haven't listened to it.
But I wonder if this doesn't in part explain his lifelong "skepticism" (to put it mildly) toward religion, particularly Christianity? For example, his Wikipedia entry notes:
In his essay "Why I Deny Religion, How Silly and Fantastic It Is, and Why I'm a Dedicated and Vociferous Bright", Randi, who identifies himself as an atheist,[1] has stated that many accounts in religious texts, including the virgin birth, the miracles of Jesus Christ, and the parting of the Red Sea by Moses, are not believable. For example, Randi refers to the Virgin Mary as being "impregnated by a ghost of some sort, and as a result produced a son who could walk on water, raise the dead, turn water into wine, and multiply loaves of bread and fishes" and questions how Adam and Eve "could have two sons, one of whom killed the other, and yet managed to populate the earth without committing incest." He writes that, compared to the Bible, "The Wizard of Oz is more believable. And more fun."[57]
Labels: Atheism, Homosexuality, James Randi, Patrick Chan, Secularism
Mr. Hays reaches a new low with me in this response. His response to cathmom5 is nothing short of anti-Catholic BIGOTRY.
If a Catholic indulges in a blanket, prejudicial smear of Protestants by impugning the motives of all Protestants who support "artificial" birth control, even though said Catholic is in no position to know their motives, that's not anti-Protestant bigotry–but if a Protestant responds with a reductio ad absurdum, that's "anti-Catholic BIGOTRAY"!
Windsor betrays the insular mindset of the team player. The team player automatically cheers his own team and automatically jeers the other team. The team player keeps a tally of every real or imagined foul by the other team while turning a blind eye to every foul by his own team.
It's the Mafia mentality. One standard of la familia, another standard for outsiders.
Have SOME popes been "bad popes" and sinned as Hays accuses? Perhaps - but it is NOT the norm and neither is the rationale behind Natural Family Planning. It appears to me that cathmom5 struck a nerve with Mr. Hays and he lashed out irrationally. For example of this irrationality - Pope John Paul II was a public proponent of Natural Family Planning* - and I would challenge Mr. Hays to provide PROOF or at least some SOUND EVIDENCE of any such "lechery" - such as "fornicat(ing) with nuns and hookers" with Bl. Pope John Paul II. Such debased language without some sort of support is irresponsible, invalid argumentation and even un-Christian.
Here's a guy who presumes to be an apologist for Rome, but he can't grasp basic forms of argument. He doesn't grasp the nature of a tu quoque, or a reductio ad absurdum.
An argument from analogy only has to be analogous to be valid. The counterargument doesn't have to be any truer than the argument it opposes.
That's the point. For the argument works either way.
If it's valid for cathmom5 to impute immoral motives to millions of Protestants she's never met, then it's valid for me to impute immoral motives to the popes.
Notice that Scott Windsor doesn't demand any evidence or proof from cathmom5 for her defamatory allegations. That's because she's a fellow teammate, so the rules are different for her.
My argument is predicated on a conditional premise: if her argument is valid, and my argument is analogous, then my argument is valid.
But Scott Windsor is one of those sociopathic partisans who will fly into a rage the moment you make their team play by the same rules. A loyalist can never step out of his own viewpoint to see an issue from the viewpoint of the Other. It's the same thing we see in the political sphere every day.
Labels: Catholicism, Hays
Blunderbuss
But Pruss didn't "leave it at that!" If one investigates the link provided by Mr. Hays they can see that Pruss indeed explained further:
"The other example is that of theodicy. God never causes an evil. However, in order to draw a greater good out of it, He sometimes permits evils. The greatest and clearest example of this was the crucifixion. God did not cause Judas to betray Jesus and Pilate to condemn Him, but He permitted it, in order to bring a greater good out of it. It is essential to the way that sexual union as one body is constituted that while willing the union one not simultaneously unwill the end (reproduction) the biophysiological striving towards which constitutes the union. However, it is not necessary that one explicitly will this end, only that one not will anything contradictory to it. The implicit willing of the unitive meaning of the sexual act, in the absence of a contradictory willing, suffices to make the teleological striving that constitutes the union be a willed striving—and hence a striving of the person, and not merely of the body, thereby effecting a willed personal union."
It is a bit disingenuous of Hays to say Pruss left it "at that." Hays even quotes that Pruss says there are "at least two other examples" and then only quotes one of them - and has the audacity to accuse him of "leaving it at that."
http://cathapol.blogspot.com/2011/08/nfp-and-false-logic.html
i) As usual, this illustrates Scott Windsor's chronic inability to follow an argument. When I said Pruss "left it at that," what was I referring to? Was I referring to the fact that he didn't give examples to illustrate his contention? No.
I spelled out what I was referring to. After saying "It's odd that someone as astute as Pruss would leave it at that." I immediately explained what I referring to. As I went on to say: "It's of course true that the distinction between causing and permitting can sometimes be morally relevant or exculpatory. But it's easy to come up with counterexamples where that distinction is morally irrelevant or culpable."
Pruss's two illustrations fail to distinguish between culpable permission and inculpable permission. I then went on to give an example of culpable permission, to illustrate my point.
ii) Indeed, it's ironic that Pruss would cite euthanasia as a case in point, since euthanasia can be permissive rather than casual.
For Pruss to make good on his argument, he'd need to do two things:
a) Distinguish culpable from inculpable permission;
b) Show how natural family planning is a case in inculpable rather than culpable permission.
ii) I also didn't bother to discuss Pruss's other example because that would involve me in an irrelevant digression. But as a matter of fact, his example fails on its own terms.
a) God didn't merely "permit" the Crucifixion. For one thing, God created Judas foreknowing that Judas would be instrumental in the Crucifixion. Therefore, God intended that result.
b) According to Acts 2:23 and 4:28, God predestined the Crucifixion.
Sorry, but 'withholding medicine' which is not an extra-ordinary means of keeping someone alive DOES CAUSE HER HUSBAND TO DIE!
Once again, Windsor can't follow the argument. What he's just done is to erase Pruss's distinction between permission and causation. As Pruss defines it, causation involves a positive action to bring about the result whereas permission allows nature to take its course by refraining from intervention. The difference between action and inaction.
Windsor can redefine causation if he likes, but in that case he's now in the counterproductive position of defending Pruss's argument by repudiating Pruss's argument.
Certainly 'the cause' is the underlying heart condition - but if one willfully withholds the medicine from another against his will - that would be murder. A clearer example of this would be a mother refusing to feed her newborn infant... that is negligence and murder for the mother has caused the death of her baby. No rational human being with any sense of charity or concern for the helpless/innocent would simply say the baby died of starvation and leave the mother's culpability out of the picture.
This is yet another example of Windsor's chronic intellectual confusions. The question at issue, as Pruss framed the issue, isn't murder, per se, but causation as a precondition of murder (or other culpable actions).
Sure, we may rightly say the mother in this hypothetical is culpable, but that doesn't follow from Pruss's distinction. To the contrary, that runs counter to Pruss's distinction. As Pruss defines it, the mother didn't "cause" the death of her baby.
Windsor can, of course, say that distinction is morally irrelevant, but the moment he does so he nullifies the very distinction that Pruss deployed to exculpate natural family planning.
Windsor is such a blunderbuss.
Clearly in The Little Foxes, Regina does kill her sickly husband by withholding his medicine, which IS Hays' point here - but the point Hays misses is the fact that "planning" to participate in "the marriage act" during infertile times is not the same as "doing it" during fertile times and then killing the seed by some chemical or physical barrier.
Windsor is asserting what he needs to prove. He fails to show how his distinction is morally germane to the issue at hand.
I'm sure that those who condone contraception believe this to be the case, but if the intent is contraception then the couple is in mortal sin.
Catholic couples who practice natural family planning do so with a contraceptive intent: their objective is to preempt conception.
Labels: Bioethics, Birth Control, Catholicism, Hays
Medieval genetics
Catholic epologists often make a big deal about the (alleged) fact that it wasn't until the 20C that Protestants began to support contraception. Of course, even if that's true, there's an obvious reason for that: the availability of safe, effective birth control is contingent on advances in medical science.
By the same token, Catholic epologists have a habit of defaulting to traditional conclusions regarding birth control while ignoring the obsolete "science" that underlay traditional conclusions. For instance, consider the understanding of genetics reflected in Aquinas, who is summarizing various traditional positions, before stating his own:
Reply to the Ninth Objection. There are several opinions about the life of the embryo. According to some in human generation the soul, like the human body, is subject to stages of progression, so that as the human body is virtually in the semen, yet has not actually the perfection of a human body by having distinct members, but gradually reaches this perfection through the force of the semen, so at the beginning of the generation the soul is there having virtually all the perfection which subsequently is to be seen in the perfect human being, yet it has not this perfection actually, since there is no sign of the soul's activity, but attains thereto by degrees: so that at first there are indications of the action of the vegetal soul, then of the sensitive soul, and lastly of the rational soul. Gregory of Nyssa mentions this opinion (De Homine): but it cannot be admitted. It means either that the soul in its species is in the semen from the very . outset, deprived however of its perfect activity through lack of organs, or that from the beginning there is in the semen some energy or form not having as yet the species of a soul (just as the semen has not as yet the appearance of a human body) but by the action of nature gradually transformed into a soul at first vegetal, then sensitive and lastly rational. The former alternative is rebutted first by the authority of the Philosopher. He says, in fact (De Anima ii, i), that when we say that the soul is the act of a physico-organic body which has life potentially we do not exclude the soul, as we exclude it from the semen and the fruit. Hence we gather that the semen is animated potentially in that the soul is not therein. Secondly, because as the semen has no definite likeness to the members of the human body (else its resolution would be a kind of corruption) but is the residue of the final digestion (De Gener. Anim. i, 19), it was not yet while in the body of the begetter perfected by the soul, so that in the first instant of its separation it could not have a soul. Thirdly, granted that it was animated when it was separated, this cannot refer to the rational soul: because since it is not the act of a particular part of the body, it cannot be sundered when the body is sundered.
The second alternative is also clearly false. For seeing that a substantial form is brought into act not continuously or by degrees but instantaneously (else movement would needs be in the genus of substance just as it is in that of quality) the force which from the outset is in the semen cannot by degrees advance to the various degrees of soul. Thus the form of fire is not produced in the air so as gradually to advance from imperfection to perfection, since no substantial form is subject to increase and decrease, but it is the matter alone that is changed by the previous alteration so as to be more or less disposed to receive the form: and the form does not begin to be in the matter until the last instant of this alteration.
Others say that in the semen there is at first the vegetal soul and that afterwards while this remains the sensitive soul is introduced by the power of the generator, and that lastly the rational soul is introduced by creation. So that they posit in man three essentially different souls. Against this, however, is the authority of the book De Ecclesiasticis Dogmatibus (xv): "Nor do we say that there are two souls in one man as James and other Syrians write; one, animal, by which the body is animated and which is mingled with the blood, the other spiritual, which obeys the reason." Moreover, it is impossible for one and the same thing to have several substantial forms ! because, since the substantial form makes a thing to be, not in this or that way, but simply, and establishes this or that thing in the genus of substance; if the first form, does this, the second form at its advent will find the subject already established with substantial being and consequently win accrue to it accidentally: and thus it would follow that the sensitive and rational souls in man would be united accidentally to the body, Nor can it be said that the vegetal soul which is the substantial form in a plant is not the substantial form in a man, but a mere disposition to the form, since that which is in the genus of substance cannot be an accident of anything.
Hence others say that the vegetative soul is potentially sensitive and that the sensitive soul is its act: so that the vegetative soul which at first is in the semen is raised to the perfection of the sensitive soul by the action of nature; and further that the rational soul is the act and perfection of the sensitive soul, so that the sensitive soul is brought to its perfection consisting in the rational soul, not by the action of the generator but by that of the Creator. Hence they hold that the rational soul is in man partly from within, namely as regards its intellectual nature, and partly from without as regards its vegetative and sensitive nature. Now this is altogether impossible, because either it means that the intellectual nature is distinct from the vegetal and sensitive souls, and thus we return to the second opinion, or it means that these three natures constitute the substance of the soul wherein the intellectual nature will be the form as it were, and the sensitive and vegetative natures, matter. From, this it would follow, as the sensitive and vegetative natures are corruptible through being educed from matter, that the substance of the rational soul would not be immortal. Moreover, this opinion is involved in the same impossibility as we have shown to be implicated in the first opinion, namely that a substantial form be brought into act by degrees.
Others say that there is no soul in the embryo until it is perfected by the rational soul, and that the vital functions to be observed therein proceed from the soul of the mother. But this also is impossible: because living and non-living things differ in that living things are self-moving in respect of vital functions, whereas non-living things are not. Wherefore nutrition and growth which are the functions proper to a living being cannot result in the embryo from an extrinsic principle such as the mother's soul. Moreover, the mother's nutritive power would assimilate food to the mother's body and not to the body of the embryo: 'since nutrition serves the individual just as generation serves the species. Further, sensation cannot be caused in the embryo by the mother's soul. Wherefore others say that there is no soul in the embryo before the infusion of the rational soul, but that there is a formative force that exercises these vital f~nctions in the embryo. This again is impossible, because before the embryo attains to its ultimate complement it shows signs of various vital functions; and these cannot be exercised by one power: so that there must needs be a soul there having various powers.
We must therefore say differently that from the moment of its severance the semen contains not a soul but a soul power: and this power is based on the spirit contained in the semen which by nature is spumy and consequently contains corporeal spirit. Now this spirit acts by disposing matter and forming it for the reception of the soul. And we must observe a difference between the process of generation in men and animals and in air or water. The generation of air is simple, since therein only two substantial forms appear, one that is voided and one that is induced, and all this takes place together in one instant, so that the form of water remains during the whole period preceding the induction of the form of air; without any previous dispositions to the form of air. On the other hand in the generation of an animal various substantial forms appear: first the semen, then blood and so on until we find the form of an animal or of a man. Consequently this kind of generation is not simple, but consists of a series of generations and corruptions: for it is not possible, as we have proved above, that one and the same substantial form be educed into act by degrees. Thus, then, by the formative force that is in the semen from the beginning, the form of the semen is set aside and another form induced, and when this has been set aside yet another comes on the scene, and thus the vegetal form makes its first appearance: and this being set aside, a soul both vegetal and sensitive is induced; and this being set aside a soul at once vegetal, sensitive and rational is induced, not by the aforesaid force but by the Creator. According to this opinion the embryo before having a rational soul is a living being having a soul, which being set aside, a rational soul is induced: so that it does not follow that two souls are together in the same body, nor that the rational soul is transmitted together with the body.
Reply to the Tenth Objection. Before the advent of the rational soul the embryo is not a perfect being but is on the way to perfection: and therefore it is not in a genus or species save by reduction, just as the incomplete is reduced to the genus or species of the complete.
Reply to the Eleventh Objection. Although the soul is not in the semen from the beginning, the soul-force is there, as stated above, which force is based on the spirit contained in the semen; and is called a soul-force because it comes from the soul of the generator.
Reply to the Twelfth Objection. Before the advent of the rational soul the semen is a living and animate being, as stated above; wherefore we grant this argument.
The same answer applies to the Thirteenth, Fourteenth and Fifteenth Objections.
Reply to the Sixteenth Objection. The formative force that is from the outset in the semen remains even after the advent of the rational soul; just as the animal spirits remain into which nearly the whole substance of the semen is changed. This force, which at first served to form the body, afterwards regulates the body. Thus heat which at first disposes matter to the form of fire remains after the advent of the form of fire as an instrument of the latter's activity.
http://dhspriory.org/thomas/QDdePotentia.htm#3:9
Labels: Bioethics, Birth Control, Catholicism, Genetics, Hays
"Two Kingdoms, Natural Law, and Moral Theory Pt. 1"
http://analytictheologye4c5.wordpress.com/2011/08/10/two-kingdoms-natural-law-and-moral-theory-pt-1/
Labels: 2k, Culture Wars, ethics, Hays, Manata, Metaethics
A local look at the Wisconsin recall elections
http://www.catholicvote.org/discuss/index.php?p=19689
Labels: Culture Wars, Hays, Politics
"God, in His ordinary providence, makes use of means, yet is free to work without, above, and against them, at His pleasure"
http://scienceblogs.com/startswithabang/upload/2011/08/weekend_diversion_opening_up_a/FarSideGodComputerSmall-thumb-500x609-68177.jpeg
Labels: Calvinism, Hays, Miracles, Providence
Warrant and Proper Function
Two seminal books by Plantinga, now available online:
http://www.giffordlectures.org/Browse.asp?PubID=TPWAPF&Volume=0&Issue=0&TOC=TRUE
http://www.giffordlectures.org/Browse.asp?PubID=TPWTCD&Volume=0&Issue=0&TOC=TRUE
HT: Greg Welty
Labels: Alvin Plantinga, Darwinism, Epistemology, Hays
All three come down pretty hard on the birth-control pill because of its abortifacient potential, though Wilson doesn't mention the pill by name, he does refer to the command against destroying life as prohibiting the use of birth-control methods that work by abortifacient means. For those unfamiliar with the issue, the pill works by making the womb inhospitable to a pregnancy. If conception does take place, it becomes very difficult for the brand new baby to attach to the walls of the uterus and begin its gestation. In essence, the baby, only a few cells big, would starve to death.
There is no solid medical evidence that this does actually happen, but the manufacturers of the pill acknowledge it as a possibility in the instructions that come with the drugs. But even if the chance is remote, Christians have no place putting the lives of their children in jeopardy and I applaud these Reformed pastors for taking a stand against it for that reason.
http://www.calledtocommunion.com/2010/07/contraception/
I've commented on this once before, but I'll approach it from another angle. Fact is, most parents, including most devout Catholics, put their children's lives in harm's way on a regular basis. What is more, this involves unnecessary risks.
Consider parents, including devout Catholics, who allow their kids to go hiking, camping, surfing, swimming, skating, skiing, kayaking, bicycling, motorbiking, horseback riding; play football, hockey–not to mention wrestling, boxing, gymnastics, or martial arts, etc.
All these activities carry the potential for irreparable injury or death. So many things can go wrong, even if the risk is statistically low. And if enough kids do it often enough, it's inevitable that the worst-case scenario will eventuate every now and then.
Before Catholic epologists presume to be so judgmental, they need to knuckle down and think through the implications of their own position and practice.
Lecherous popes
cathmom5 said...
It just seems to me that the attempt to compare NFP--used with the correct intent--and contraception is just an excuse to justify the fact that they want to use contraceptions [sic]. Those "christians" who use contraception, I believe, know deep down they are morally wrong...Those "christians" must find a way to justify their disobedience of God's will by "taking down" the Church's moral stance--like the bully on the playground making himself feel better by making the others feel bad. Why else would this ignorant (in the dictionary sense!) argument keep coming up?
http://cathapol.blogspot.com/2011/08/nfp-and-false-logic.html?showComment=1312897997305#c3988272024286355688
Well, if that's what motivates Protestants, then by parity of logic, it just seems to me that the attempt by popes to defend "natural family planning" is just an excuse to justify the fact that they want to fornicate with nuns and hookers without wearing a condom or fathering a kid out of wedlock. Popes who defend "natural family planning," I believe, know deep down they are morally wrong. Lascivious popes must find a loophole to excuse their lechery. Why else would they concoct so many ad hoc distinctions?
Labels: Birth Control, Catholicism, Hays
Losing faith in theories
As a young Christian, when I was presented with the view that Christians must believe in a young-earth and global flood, I went along willingly...One also finds erosional canyons buried in the earth. These canyons would require time to excavate, just like the time it takes to erode the Grand Canyon...And being through with creationism, I very nearly became through with Christianity. I was on the very verge of becoming an atheist.
http://home.entouch.net/dmd/gstory.htm
This is a stereotypical narrative for many apostates. When they lose faith in creationism, or some particular claim thereof, they lose faith in Scripture.
At the risk of stating the obvious, Genesis never mentions the Grand Canyon. Genesis doesn't say the Grand Canyon was formed by the flood. Genesis doesn't say anything about the origin of the Grand Canyon one way or the other.
Morton is like a man who views a painting through tinted glasses, then when he decides the color scheme is off, throws the painting away rather than the glasses.
It's important to distinguish what the Bible actually say from theoretical constructs. Losing faith in some theory about the formation of the Grand Canyon is not logically equivalent to losing faith in Scripture.
I'm not debating the pros and cons of flood geology right now. And I'm not qualified to debate that issue in any case.
Rather, I'm drawing attention to a common confusion among apostates.
With sufficient ingenuity, you can come up with scientific theories to explain just about anything. You can start with the same data and come up with competing theories which are empirically equivalent.
Don't confuse rejecting a theory with rejecting the Bible, especially when the theory is far more specific than the Bible. When the theory talks about things on which the Bible is silent.
Labels: Apostasy, Creationism, Hays, hermeneutics, Science
Dinosaurs from outer space!
On the one hand, there are folks who think fossilized dinosaurs constitute evidence for evolution. On the other hand, there are folks who think aliens have been to planet earth.
The obvious solution is staring us in the face: dinosaurs are aliens!
After all, we've all seen reptilian aliens in movies. So this clearly represents a Jungian racial memory of cave men encountering hostile saurian alien species. What could be simpler? That's Exopaleontology 101, dude!
Labels: Darwinism, Hays, ufology
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Bank of Singapore to open branch in Dubai's financial hub
AMEinfo Staff November 22, 2016
Bahren ShaariBank of SingaporedubaiDubai International Financial Centre (DIFC)
Bank of Singapore, a unit of Oversea-Chinese Banking Corp, said on Tuesday it had received a licence to open a branch in Dubai International Financial Centre (DIFC) as it aims to tap demand from wealthy individuals in the Middle East.
The bank said the licence allows it to conduct private banking including investment, credit and wealth planning advisory services to its ultra-high and high net worth clients.
Private wealth in the Middle East and North Africa is projected to rise at a compound annual rate of 8.2 percent to reach $11.8 trillion by 2020, according to research from Boston Consulting Group. The rate of growth is higher than for most other regions including North America, Europe and Latin America.
Bank of Singapore has held a presence since 1996 in Dubai through its representative office based outside the DIFC, the emirate's financial free zone. It said its assets under management in the Middle East had doubled and net new money had grown by almost five times over the past three years.
Chief Executive Bahren Shaari said the bank aimed to scale up its research and advisory capabilities in the region with the opening of the new branch, due to take place in the first quarter of 2017.
OPEC experts resume talks on oil output cut, delegates upbeat
Doha Film Institute launches first edition of regional Producers Lab

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Fredrik Ragmark
IVF in India is a big opportunity for the future: Fredrik Ragmark
The latest technological advances are significantly increasing the success rate and the chance of the people to become pregnant.Shahid Akhter | ETHealthWorld | Updated: April 11, 2016, 10:16 IST
Fredrik Ragmark, CEO , Medicover group, New Delhi, talks to ETHealthworld about the growing demand of IVF in India.
1. Tell us about the growth of Medicover?
We have been around for 20 years and we are very proud of Medicover. We built an organisation with a very strong culture and a very strong value set.
Today we are more than 12 and a half thousand people employee and we have a tremendous staff loyalty build up around being a good corporate sector and a good employer.
2. What is your outlook for India?
We are coming to India with our IVF activities because we think it's a very big opportunity for the future. It's a big country with a lot of people and unfortunately lot of unfertile couples; I believe around 30 million and perhaps some 150 thousand of them per annum get some help now so obviously it is a big demand for our services. It is a big market but very unregulated so we think by bringing high quality standards, transparency and a significant ethical protocols, there is a chance to build a very significant activity over a short period of time.
In the healthcare space IVF is still a fairly recent activity. Now you have a lot of established IVF activities in the developed part of the world and very fast coming to the growing and developing economies in the world and in other many respects, we think India stands out. We spent significant time researching in different locations in the world beyond Europe, where we are us you know where to bring that activity. India stands out as an opportunity in terms of the size of the market, the current competition and the ability of us to compete with bringing our skills and capability to the market. That is really why we chose this entry.
3. What are the emerging trends and latest technologies in IVF?
The latest technological advances are significantly increasing the success rate and the chance of the people we help to become pregnant. We are very proud that we can demonstrate from our activities in Europe which is going to differentiate us, Medicover in here Indian market. So overall, 90% of customers that come to us do get pregnant. We will do the full range of IVF treatment whatever is related to a particular couple in question.
It is important to point out the ethical guidelines, we are self-regulating and fully transparent in terms of services we offer. Some couple perhaps may just need a fairly simple intervention whereas other's need much more complicated treatment. The point to make is that we can't take one size fixed sole approach and it's a very patient's centric patient individual treatment which we will be bringing.
We counsel the patients and decide which is the best treatment for them. We are not suggesting that we will be able to offer treatment to every citizen in India but we think we will price ourselves in a way that it is affordable to the vast majority of people. I can't see anything on the horizon which would not bring us to a billion dollar revenue in 3-5 years time.
4. What is unique about your work force?
We are also very proud to say that more than 80% of our employees are woman. People want to work for stable employer, someone who respects them, where they get appreciation. Where we come from typically the healthcare industry is not an industry where people look for careers so we have been able to turn that around and that's something we are very proud over.
Tags : Industry, Organisation, MediCover, IVF, Interviews, Fredrik Ragmark


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At this moment, Raj's fostered father (MS Narayana) fell ill and to cure him, Raj needs money. His character has two shades and he tries his best to bring variations. He debuted in Kannada films as a hero. Charan made his debut as a playback singer with the song "Mumbai Ke Hero", composed by Chirantan Bhatt, in the album Thoofan, the Telugu version of Zanjeer. Watch the Official Trailer from Malayalam movie 'Mohan Kumar Fans' starring Anarkali Nazar, Basil Joseph, Kunchacko Boban, Sreenivas, Siddique. Ram Charan Tej's Thoofan (Zanjeer) In Troubles [HD]. It will be called Lali Lali Aararo, which is touted to be a family drama. Now Playing 01:35 Tolly Buzz: Ram Charan and Varun Tej test COVID-19 positive, Samantha and Chaitanya jet off to Goa. Charandeep Surneni plays antagonist in Puri Jagannadh's Loafer, Naga Babu Impressed with Visuals from Kanche, Kajol, Tanvi Azmi and Mithila Palkar starrer Tribhanga may be a story about mother daughter bonds... more, 2020, without a doubt, has been a year that has thrown us off guard and sent us on a roller coast... more, From the land of 'Dinder', 'Gomato' and 'Honey Meone' Kiara Advani's Indoo Ki Jawani has landed i... more, Hashtag #RIPactorVIJAY is Trending On Twitter, TamilRockers Movie Download Piracy 2019 - Captain Marvel, Thirumanam Leak, TamilRockers Leak KGF, Maari 2 & Kanaa Full Movie Online - Piracy News. in AP, Karnataka – Telugu Movie News, "Govindudu Andarivadele to release Oct 1", "Box Office Collection: 'Govindudu Andarivadele' Crosses ₹40 Crore Mark; Beats 'Julayi, "Dhruva Review {4/5}: The movie promises to be an edge-of-the-seat entertainer and it delivers impeccably", "Ram Charan-Sukumar film to go on floors in August – Latest News & Updates at Daily News & Analysis", "Vinaya Vidheya Rama trailer: Ram Charan defies death and Vivek Oberoi in this action film. Ones he wins a bet in a car race with another young guy, called James (Ajmal). Charan established himself as a leading Tollywood actor with the commercially successful films such as Racha (2012), Naayak (2013), Yevadu (2014), Dhruva (2016) and Rangasthalam (2018), which ranks as his highest-grossing release. Helped by a strong script, he could have been much better. Tej Raj was born on Friday, March 26, 1993 at Chennai, Tamil nadu. He won several accolades for this film, including the Filmfare Award for Best Actor - Telugu. 'Mohan Kumar Fans' movie is … Pages Directory Results for Ram Charan Singh Inter College Sultanpur – Ram Janaki School,Bhurigaun Check out this HD 1080p video to know more about it. All rights reserved. He also stays clear of any oblique reference to his star father by way of dialogue or adopting any particular mannerism or style. He was also a part of Rajanikanth hits Phool Bane Angaray, Veera, Dharma Dorai and Baasha. The Times of India wrote: "Ram Charan did a great job, though there was no variation shown between the two characters. This is their first attempt as producers. He did the role of Betting Raj, a gambler whose life takes a toll on him. Read on to see the names that wished the actor. It wasn't a success due to its weak narration and comedy. He is the grandson of Allu Rama Lingaiah and the nephew of Nagendra Babu, Pawan Kalyan, and Allu Aravind. How the dynamics of their relationship changes when a girl enters the hero's family and vice versa, forms the crux. Ram Charan's next project as an actor is RRR, directed by SS Rajamouli. He made her acting debut with Tamil 90ML. Dances of Ram Charan Tej are in a new style and have never been seen in telugu movies earlier. "[29] In 2018, he acted in the blockbuster Rangasthalam directed by Sukumar, declared as third highest grosser of all time in Telugu cinema. Prakash Raj has again delivered a high performance role as a cop. he was Born on 26 March 1993 and Brought up in Chennai, Tamil Nadu. He won his second Filmfare Award for Best Actor - Telugu for his performance in Rangasthalam. E nepathdhaman lo british jenda yokka aspastamaina chitram undi. [36] Ram Charan is also the spokesman and co-owner of the obstacle running series Devil's Circuit. [25] The film opened to mostly positive reviews from critics and grossed over ₹40 crore (US$5.6 million) at the box office. He lives along with his adopted parents (M. S. Narayana and Sudha) who enjoys his life betting and making money out of it. See pics", "After Google's Satya Nadella, AP CM YS Jagan Brings Glory To HPS", "Ram Charan's record remains untouched even after 7 years", Ram Charan Teja | Awards & Nominations | National Awards | Nandi Awards | Filmfare Award | MAA TV Cine Awards, Tollywood's report card of 2009 – Times Of India, Filmfare Awards 2009: Magadheera Steals the show – Telugu Movie News, The new Pepsi Brand Ambassador – Ram Charan Teja – Telugu Movie News, "Orange – A truly different concept in love", Racha breaks Businessman, Oosaravelli opening day records – Times Of India, Racha collects Rs. As an actor, Ram Charan impresses in all the scenes that required high emotion. e shoot lo ram charan, NTR iddaru palgontunnaru. Now Playing 01:07 Hari Teja shows off her baby bump and dances at her baby shower. [10] He played the role of Charan, an ex-convict who is hell-bent on killing the murderer of his father. [17], Charan starred in Bommarillu Bhaskar's Orange in 2010 as Ram, an NRI living in Australia whose opinions are against loving forever. The action-drama will be streamed on ZEE5 exclusively from December 25. And as for the scenes where he had to be elevated as the hero, they will not disappoint his fans. Though this topic has been dealt in Kollywood before, we are taking a different perspective". "[23] Sify wrote: "Compared to his earlier films – Nayak and Thoofan, Ram Charan has done a fairly good job here. Director Lingam said, "There are two highlights — one is the relationship between a mother and his son, and the other is between a father and his daughter. Now, the fans can't wait to see another star son on the block. In fact, Rajinikanth adopts the name Baasha, from the character portrayed by Charan Raj. [32] He also signed to appear in his uncle Pawan Kalyan's production. Their performances have come out very well. [31], He is also the producer of his father Chiranjeevi's 150th film Khaidi No. | Best actor, Entertainment channel, Actors", "Asiavision Movie Awards 2016 announced: Sonam Kapoor, Nivin Pauly, Radhika Apte, Ram Charan, others to be honoured", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ram_Charan&oldid=1001563888, South Indian International Movie Awards winners, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia pending changes protected pages, All Wikipedia articles written in Indian English, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2020, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Denotes films that have not yet been released, Shot in Hindi and Telugu. [30] In 2019, he starred alongside Kiara Advani and Vivek Oberoi in an action film Vinaya Vidheya Rama which was directed by Boyapati Srinu. It will be called Lali Lali Aararo, which is touted to be a family drama. Ram Charan Latest Songs 2020: Listen top new Songs of Ram Charan at Desimartini.com. [20], His first release in 2013 was Naayak, directed by V. V. Vinayak. Popular actor Charan Raj, who has worked in over 300 films in Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam, Hindi and Kannada, is all set to introduce his son Tej Raj in filmdom. [26], His next film was Bruce Lee[27] where he played the role of a stuntman who gets involved in a scuffle. "[24] Charan's next release in the same year was the family drama Govindudu Andarivadele. I sincerely thank him on this occasion. He played dual roles in this film in which one is a brave soldier of a kingdom in Rajasthan in the 17th century in love with the princess but loses her and dies, the other a bike racer who falls in love with a girl who is the reincarnation of the princess and wins her knowing their past. Charan Raj is known for his performances in films like Gentleman, Pratighatana, Indrudu Chandrudu and Kartavyam. "[11] His performance in the film earned him a Filmfare Best South Debutant Award and Nandi Special Jury Award. [16] In 2009, he became a spokesperson for Pepsi's advertisement campaigns. Racha Telugu DVDStarring: Ram Charan Teja, Tamannaah Bhatia, Mukesh RishiIn Racha telugu movie, Raj (Ram Charan Teja) is a local happy-go-lucky guy who makes his living by betting. The latest is that, actor Charan Raj's son, Tej Raj is all set to debut in a film. Watch video", "Ram Charan Thanks Dad Chiranjeevi For Making Sye Raa Narasimha Reddy A 'Boss Buster, "New airline, coming soon: Chiranjeevi's son Ram Charan on cloud 9; gives Hyderabad a flying gift", "IndiaGlitz – Ram Charan to be the face of Devils Circuit – Telugu Movie News", "Nothing will change the person I am, says Upasana Kamineni", "Apollo Hospitals' Prathap Reddy grooms daughters for leadership positions", "Ram Charan is Siddha in dad Chiranjeevi's Acharya. Copyright © 2021 HTDSL. Charan made his Bollywood debut alongside Priyanka Chopra in Zanjeer, a remake of the 1973 film of the same name. [citation needed] Times of India wrote: "Ram Charan looks his fittest best. In 2016, Charan established his own production house, the Konidela Production Company, under which he produces films. Releasing its showreel, Ram Charan today said, "Prasad Nimmakayala garu has been like a mentor to my sister and brother-in-law. "[18], His next film was Rachcha, directed by Sampath Nandi. For latest movie reviews, ratings and trailers, download the. 26.92 cr. This film calls for a family audiences as it has elements of sentiment, emotion, drama and a bit of romance. Tej Raj is an Indian Model and Film actor, who predominantly works in the Tamil film industry. Stay tuned with us for latest song updates He was also a part of Rajanikanth hits Phool Bane Angaray, Veera, Dharma Dorai and Baasha. Konidela Ram Charan Teja (born 27 March 1985) is an Indian actor, producer, and entrepreneur who works in Telugu-language films. He played the role of ACP Vijay Khanna who swears Vengeance on his parents' killer. See first look poster", "Chiranjeevi spills the beans on Acharya storyline and Ram Charan's role in it", "NTR bags Filmfare award – Telugu Movie News", "Filmfare Awards South 2017 Telugu Nominations | Filmfare", "Winners of the 66th Filmfare Awards (South) - 2019", "SIIMA 2019 Telugu Winners List: Ram Charan, Keerthy Suresh & Others! Charan Tej has 2 jobs listed on their profile. [37], Charan got engaged to Upasana Kamineni, the vice-chairman of Apollo Charity and chief editor of B Positive magazine, in Hyderabad on 1 December 2011. Tej Raj, Eshwari, Devendra raj Charan Raj is an Indian film actor, director, film producer, and writer who primarily works in Kannada , Tamil , Telugu , Malayalam , Odia and Hindi movies. In his next Telugu film, Yevadu (2014), directed by Vamsi Paidipally, he plays two characters, one who has received a face transplant of the other and becomes the target of underworld gangs because of the mistaken identity. The Telugu title was, Karthik / Bruce Lee / IB Officer Vikram Kumar, This page was last edited on 20 January 2021, at 06:57. [9], In 2007, Ram Charan made his film debut as the leading man in Chirutha, which was directed by Puri Jagannadh and completed 50 days in 178 direct centers and 15 other shifted centers. [4] Beyond his film career, he owns the polo team Ram Charan Hyderabad Polo Riding Club. Actor Charan Raj is known for his role of Anwar Baasha in Superstar Rajinikanth's blockbuster film Baashha. He showcases his horse-riding and dancing skills to perfection. Charan Raj became an instant hit for his performance as villain in the 1985 movie Pratighatana. [12], After the release of the 2009 film Magadheera, which was only his second film, directed by S.S.Rajamouli, Charan established himself as one of the leading contemporary actors of Tollywood. Charan played a single character with two or more names. Analysis: This is a perfect result for an excellent combination of Ram Charan Tej, Genelia and Bhaskar. Ram Charan and Varun Tej test positive for COVID-19 The two South stars are unfortunately diagnosed with the novel coronavirus. Tej Raj is a Indian Actor. He is the cousin of Allu Arjun, Varun Tej, Sai Dharam Tej, Allu Sirish and Niharika Konidela. Varun Tej Tests Positive For Coronavirus, Has Mild Symptoms And Is Home Quarantined. He dances like there is no tomorrow and the choreography is a delight to watch. IndiaGlitz wrote: "He shows flashes of Chiru-ness more than he ever did in the past; be it his baritone or demeanor, he is a Megastar in effect. Ram Charan Teja, Priyanka Chopra, Prakash Raj starrer Thoofan is facing new problems before hittng the screens. Finally the name of actor Charanraj's son Tej Charanraj debut flick has been revealed. Son of actor Chiranjeevi, Charan made his acting debut in the successful action film Chirutha (2007), for which he won the Filmfare Award for Best Male Debut – South. Filmfare Award for Best Male Debut – South, 8th South Indian International Movie Awards, "Telugu actor Ram Charan to act for Powerstar Pawan Kalyan", "Ram Charan birthday: Rana, Kajal, others wish, share Rangasthalm star's rare photos", "Ram Charan to produce his father Chiranjeevi's 150th film", Ram Charan Tej's polo team wins its debut match, "Nostalgic Ram Charan goes back to his school in Ooty. Charan rose to prominence with a starring role opposite Kajal Aggarwal in S.S. Rajamouli's fantasy action film Magadheera (2009), which is one of the highest-grossing Telugu films of all time. Varun Tej Konidela Birthday: Allu Arjun, Ram Charan & Other Celebs Wish The 'Ghani' Actor Varun Tej Konidela's birthday wishes came from every known corner of the South Indian film industry. His acting is effective in intense scenes and action episode. To satisfy his audiences, he has also done some good steps in the Freedom song. Join Facebook to connect with Charan Raj Charan Tej and others you may know. Watch best and old hit collection of Ram Charan songs list online. He was educated at Padma Seshadri Bala Bhavan, Chennai,[6] Lawrence School, Lovedale,[7] The Hyderabad Public School, Begumpet[8] and at St. Mary's College, Hyderabad. [34] He owns the polo team Ram Charan Hyderabad Polo Riding Club. He played another dual role, one a mafia leader in Kolkata and the other a simple software employee in Hyderabad. He improved a lot in all the departments including action, dances, dialogue modulation, body language. [2] Charan Raj has become an instant hit for his performance as villain in the 1985 movie Pratighatana . More ideas from . [5] He also served on the board of directors of MAA TV. Upasana is the granddaughter of Prathap C. Reddy, the Executive Chairman of the Apollo Hospitals. [38][39] Subsequently, they got married on 14 June 2012 at the Temple Trees Farm House.[40]. IndiaGlitz wrote: "Ram Charan gave an excellent performance all through the film. "[14] Directed by S. S. Rajamouli,[15] the film received six Filmfare Awards including the award for Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Telugu and Nandi Special Jury Award for Charan. Srikanth and Prakash Raj are its lead actors. View the profiles of people named Raj Charan Tej. The actor says the youngster is … [33], Charan is an equestrian and entrepreneur. Charan Raj is an Indian film actor, director, music director, film producer, and writer who primarily works in Tamil and other southern languages. Rachcha is the story of a young lad, Betting Raj (Ram Charan Tej), whose passion lies in winning the bets. Recreated the magic of their relationship changes when a girl enters the hero 's family and versa... Sai Dharam Tej, Sai Dharam Tej, Allu Sirish and Niharika Konidela is. He also served on the block nadu, religion belongs to is Hindu and nationality, Indian recreated. Rediff.Com praised his performance stating: `` Ram Charan impresses in tej charan raj the departments including action,,... Baasha, from the character portrayed by Charan Raj Charan Tej are in film! Kalyan 's production hero 's family and vice versa, forms the crux the Executive Chairman of the same.... Has two shades and he tries his Best to bring variations the magic of their earlier success. 22... As female lead too home town is Chennai, Tamil nadu in Lali Lali Aararo, which touted! The Times of India wrote: `` Charan has come up with a mature performance and reminded. 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To watch two shades and he tries his Best to bring variations is Chennai, Tamil nadu bring. View Charan Tej latest movie reviews, ratings and trailers, download the Desimartini App Sirish and Niharika Konidela and., ratings and trailers, download the Desimartini App on LinkedIn, world... With another young guy, called James ( Ajmal ) hails from and home town is Chennai Tamil... On their profile or more names [ 16 ] in 2009, he started his own Hyderabad-based business., Dharma Dorai and Baasha to satisfy his audiences, he started his own production house, the '. Victory of Raj, a gambler whose life takes a toll on him 21! And comedy born 27 March 1985 ) is an equestrian and entrepreneur at tej charan raj box office character with two more. Watch Best and old hit collection of Ram Charan bags the Best actor - Telugu cure him Raj!
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Self-monitoring of physical activity: effects on self-efficacy and behavior in people with type 2 diabetes.
The purpose of this study was to test the effect of keeping daily activity records on physical activity levels and self-efficacy for physical activity in adults with type 2 diabetes, and to examine the feasibility and acceptability of this intervention from the perspective of the participants.
This intervention study included 58 individuals with type 2 diabetes aged 40 to 65 years. Participants were randomly assigned: individuals in the intervention group kept daily activity records for 6 weeks, mailed to the researcher every 2 weeks. Data collection was completed at the beginning of the study and 6 weeks later, using the habitual physical activity index and the self-efficacy for exercise scale. Participants in the intervention group also completed the perceived feasibility checklist.
The intervention resulted in enhanced self-efficacy. Physical activity improved in both the intervention and control groups. Activity recording was judged to be acceptable and feasible.
Daily activity recording can be used as part of a program to increase physical activity self-efficacy levels. Focused interactions between health care providers and patients may be enough to motivate people to higher levels of physical activity. The relationship between self-efficacy and behavior is complex and should be the subject of further research.


How you evolve as a person is going to translate to how your coaching business evolves as well. You don't have to have everything all figured out before you begin your coaching business. As you evolve and as you start to see who you are, you are going to see the increased opportunities to give something back to your clients and to the world. Be transparent about what you are learning, so that others can learn from your process as well.


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City Guides Travel Tips
The Ultimate Paris Travel Guide
Posted by Emily Retherford on April 02, 2019
Thoughts of Paris often bring to mind images of the Eiffel Tower or the glass pyramid sitting outside The Louvre. But the city is so much more. When you look past its breathtaking collection of monuments and buildings you see that Paris is really the beating pulse of France — the nation's capital and home to 20 percent of the country's population. For those who want to experience French culture firsthand, Paris is the city to visit.
Paris Travel Guide Quick Links
5 Tips for First-Time Paris Visitors
What Is the Best Time to Visit Paris?
Best Time to Visit Paris For Shopping
Paris Weather and Crowd Level Considerations
Annual Events in Paris
Best Paris Neighborhoods for Tourists
How Not to Look Like a Tourist in Paris
Unusual Places to Visit in Paris
5 Quick Tips for First-Time Paris Visitors
Buy a carnet of metro tickets. A carnet is essentially a pack of 10 metro tickets you can purchase at a discount — it turns out to be less than €1.50 per ride, as of March 2019.
Buy tickets to the Eiffel Tower in advance. When you advance purchase tickets, you get to select the date and time you want to visit — and you avoid wasting time waiting in the snake-line ticket lines.
Save money on admission to some of the most-popular Paris tourist attractions by using Paris Pass. You can save even more money by waiting for a sale to purchase your Paris Pass. You have an entire year to activate it, so don't be afraid to purchase in advance.
Don't waste money on bottled water. It's important to conserve water in Paris, but that often results in pricey bottled water — especially in high-tourist areas. Save money (and the planet) by saying, "non" to bottled water in restaurants. Instead, say "un carafe d'eau s'il vous plaît" to order tap water.
Check opening and closing times for shops, restaurants, and attractions. It's common for shops to close for lunch hours, restaurants to close between lunch and dinner, and many museums on either Monday or Tuesday. For example, The Louvre is closed on Tuesdays and the Musee d'Orsay is closed on Mondays.՜
Before reading through the rest of The Ultimate Paris Travel Guide, check out this video to learn more places we love in the City of Lights.
Paris Travel Guide: Trip Planning 101
Most of the Paris travel guides you find online give you important details about major tourist attractions and accommodations. Some go a step further and supply you with a list of tips created to make your next Paris vacay a success.
But around here, we aim to go beyond the boring. In The Ultimate Paris Travel Guide, we explore the not-so-obvious. You'll learn how to not look like a tourist, which Paris neighborhood has the right vibe for you, and what tourist hot spots Paris has to offer those who have "been there, done that."
Because we want to inspire seasoned travelers to explore their favorite cities in a different way and teach first-timers how to plan their trip like the pros.
Overall, the best time to visit Paris is from April to June, and from October to early November. During these times, the weather is mild and tourist crowds are thinner than they are in the summer months. But choosing the best time for your trip may be a little more complicated than that because there are several factors you should consider.
In France, sales are state-regulated. Shops are only legally allowed to give retail discounts twice per year. These six-week periods are known simply as Les Soldes — the sales.
Annual winter sales run from early January through the middle of February, and sales in the summer run from late June until the end of July. So if you're looking for discounted goods, plan your trip during these times.
It's important to note that because retail discounts are really rare in Parisian shops, it will be crowded. Shops in Paris are closed on Sundays, and they tend to get busiest on Fridays and Saturdays.
Of course, shops are the busiest at the beginning of Les Soldes, because people are excited to shop at a discount. So you could wait until the later part of the sale period, but if you do, you'll find a lower stock of items at discounted prices.
Chilly and damp is the best way to describe Paris between January and March, so it's not surprising these months see a decrease in tourism. However, if you can stand a bit of a chill, traveling to Paris in the winter means smaller crowds at your favorite tourist spots and lower rates for airfare and accommodations.
During the spring, weather in Paris is mild and comfortable, so consider planning your trip between April and June if possible. Paris is a year-round tourist destination, so you'll still encounter crowds of tourists, but they aren't as heavy as they are during the summer. You can expect similar weather and crowds in October and early November, but you won't find amazing flower displays throughout the city during this time. Also, if you want to visit the breathtaking gardens of Versailles, spring is a better option. Once the weather gets cold, the statues in Versailles are covered and the fountains are turned off.
Most tourists flock to Paris during the summer. Even though the weather is hot and muggy, August marks the height of the tourist season. But it's also a time when Parisians flee to the coast to enjoy the final days of summer with their families, so you shouldn't travel in August if you want to experience a lot of local culture. Crowds are also really dense at Versailles in the summer, but they are less dense in the morning.
December is also a busy month for Paris tourism too, because people look forward to the rush of seasonal activities. But you can enjoy the city's seasonal displays and avoid massive crowds by visiting in November instead. Champ Elysees is decked out by the end of the month, and most of the department stores unveil their holiday window displays and have trees up by mid-November. However, if you want to experience the marches de noel (Christmas markets), you'll have to plan your trip so it extends into the beginning of December.
Paris hosts an array of events throughout the year — like other cities. Bastille Day falls on July 14th. It's the French national holiday that celebrates July 14, 1789, which was a major turning point in the French Revolution. In the evening of the 13th, expect to see spectacular fireworks displays and celebrations happening throughout the city.
You can catch Paris Fashion Week twice per year in the spring/summer and autumn/winter. But be sure to check the dates before your trip. They are set each year by the French Fashion Federation to coincide with Les Soldes.
The city also celebrates the Christmas holiday in December, Valentine's Day on February 14th, and St. Patrick's Day on March 17th. But if you're looking for a more unique event, you might want to check out one of these options.
Circus of Tomorrow Fair — January
Before talented young acrobats and circus performers go on to perform Cirque du Soleil, they compete at the Circus of Tomorrow Festival (Cirque de Demain) in Paris. During the event young performers from all over the world face off against their peers to see who will be named the most prominent stars of tomorrow. The event, which is held at Pelouse de Reuilly, spans four days and attract thousands of spectators each year.
Fête de la Musique — June
If a night full of music, mayhem, and debauchery appeals to you, you won't want to miss Fête de la Musique. The music festival celebrates the summer solstice. So if you're in Paris on the longest night of the year, expect more than 200,000 people to take to the streets for the event. You'll find a variety of bands and groups performing in bars and on the street corners — it's like the whole city turns into one big party.
Foire du Trône — End of March until May
Located on the Reuilly field in the 12th arrondissement, Foire du Trône is a massive funfair filled with rows of carnival games, a Ferris wheel, thrill rides, and evening fireworks displays.
It's the oldest traditional in France, dating back to 957 — shortly before famine spread throughout Europe. At the time, King Lothair granted monk bakers at the Saint-Antoine Abbey Church the exclusive rights to sell gingerbread — an accomplishment they continue to celebrate each year.
By 1355, the event took on a festive vibe and was attracting acrobats and other entertainers. In 1805, it officially became a small commercial funfair. Since then, it's grown to include 350 attractions, food stalls filled with sweet treats, and an impressive fireworks display that takes place on May 1st in celebration of Labour Day.
Arrivée du Tour de France — July
While this multiple-stage bicycle race sometimes passes through small portions of neighboring countries, it's primarily held in France. Since 1975, the race has ended on the Champs-Élysées in Paris. So if you're traveling in July, see if your travel dates coincide with the event and make plans to watch cyclists cross the finish line.
If you want to make the most of your Parisian vacation, it's important to stay in a neighborhood that matches your personality and itinerary. If you want to do touristy things while you're there, it's best to choose a neighborhood with easy access to major attractions. But you'll need to stay in a completely different area if you want to experience a good amount of local culture.
Paris is divided into 20 arrondissements (neighborhoods), all numbered in a spiral winding its way around the city. In the center of the spiral is Ile de la Cité — the island in the river Seine that's home to Notre Dame. The lower numbered arrondissements sit closer to the center of the spiral and the outer neighborhoods (the 12th-20th arrondissements) sit along the outer edge of the city. While some of the neighborhoods also have names, Parisians always refer to their neighborhood by number.
Top 5 Paris Neighborhoods For Tourists
1. The 1st Arrondissement
If you're doing a lot of sightseeing during your trip, it's a good idea to stay in the 1st arrondissement. Many of the city's most famous attractions sit in this district, including The Louvre and Tuileries Gardens.
In this district, you can sip a glass of wine at one of the quaint cafes lining the garden of the Palais Royale, have a drink at the Hemingway Bar inside the Ritz Carlton, and take in the beautiful stained-glass of Sainte-Chapelle.
This neighborhood also puts you within walking distance of the Centre Pompidou, Notre Dame Cathedral, and Champs-Élysées. You'll have to take the metro to the Eiffel Tower from here, but the station Chatelet, one of the biggest hubs in Paris, serves the 1st arrondissement.
Keep in mind though, the 1st arrondissement is kind of like Paris's Times Square. It's very touristy. So while it's a great place for first-timers, it's probably not the place to stay if you're looking for local culture.
2. Ile Saint-Louis — the 4th Arrondissement
The 4th arrondissement is a great option for anyone who wants accommodations that are centrally located without staying in a neighborhood reminiscent of Disneyland Paris. It sits right next to Ile de la Cité, but the neighborhood's vibe doesn't show it. While you're only a short distance from the massive crowds of people touring Notre Dame, the 4th arrondissement feels kind of like its own small town.
3. Le Marais — the 3rd Arrondissement
Le Marais is one of the trendiest neighborhoods in Paris. It's a neighborhood filled with a lot of wonderful restaurants and cafes, amazing architecture, and a good mix of locally owned boutiques, markets, and luxury shops. The diverse neighborhood does tend to draw a younger crowd, but that's not surprising since it's also known for having a vibrant nightlife.
4. The 7th Arrondissement
The Eiffel Tower sits in the 7th arrondissement, but it's not the only thing the neighborhood has to offer. After touring the Musee d'Orsay, you can stroll along the Berges de Seine for beautiful views of the river and famous Parisian architecture.
Strolling along the Pont Alexander III bridge in the evening gives you an amazing view of the Eiffel Tower at sunset. And for a small slice of Parisian life, explore Rue Cler, a charming street market with a village-like feel.
5. The 11th Arrondissement
The 11th arrondissement is a neighborhood filled with up-and-coming chefs and relaxed eateries that normally cater to a local crowd. It sits just outside of the city's central neighborhoods, which makes it easy to find an affordable AirBnB and excellent food sans the inflated prices you find in many touristy areas of the city.
This neighborhood also really captures the spirit of how the locals live. It's filled with hip boutiques and galleries, a variety of local nightlife, and a nice blend of young Parisians, artists, and families.
How to Not Look Like a Tourist in Paris
Blending in with the locals in Paris is less about standing out like a sore thumb and more about really enjoying your trip. Because let's face it, slowly sipping coffee in a quaint outdoor cafe is much better than rushing around with to-go cup in hand. And who doesn't need to learn how to relax and enjoy a long lunch? (Parisians, that's who.)
1. Skip the handshakes — unless you're a man greeting a man.
When you're introduced to locals, go for the air kiss instead — one on each cheek, without actual lip contact. This is the customary greeting between women and women and men. But when men greet other men, a handshake is standard.
The number of customary air kisses varies depending on where you are though. So if you're nervous, it's best to lean in slightly and let them take care of the rest. Most likely, they will without any hesitation at all.
2. Level up your attire — at least slightly.
Parisians have a slightly dressier version of casual dress than many people. To fit in, dress up a pair of jeans with a blazer or leather jacket and the nicest shows in your closet.
Consider dark slim pants, a plain shirt without a logo, and a nice pair of leather shoes instead of a T-shirt, baggy jeans, and a Yankees cap. At the very least, stick to neutral colors and garments without any visible branding or tags. Also, trade in your large colorful backpack and/or fanny pack for a smaller, sleeker version — and don't strap it to the front of your body.
3. Brush up on your table manners.
Good table manners are really important in France, which shouldn't come as a surprise because it's a place where extended lunches and long coffee breaks are common. If possible, avoid making adjustments to your order — it's considered rude to the chef. Also, asking for a doggy bag is considered cheap/rude and should be avoided at all costs.
4. Don't leave huge tips.
In Paris, gratuity is included by default — and servers are paid a decent salary. So there's no need to leave a large tip on top of that. However, it's common for patrons to leave pocket change behind when paying in a cafe or restaurant.
5. Use your indoor voice.
French people tend to speak a bit quieter than most Europeans, so if you're talking loudly, you'll definitely stand out. When speaking to your friends or family members in public, try to use the indoor voice you typically reserve for touring museums at home.
While Paris has a plethora of must-see sites, but you probably already have them on your sightseeing list. These places are a bit more unique, making them ideal for people who want to see the city from a completely new angle.
1. Tour the House of Nicolas Flamel
Nicolas Flamel is more than a made-up character from Harry Potter who made an elixir that lets you live forever. He was a real person who lived in Paris in the 1300s. He and his wife Parnelle were well known throughout the city for their philanthropic endeavors.
Two roads in Paris are named after Flamel and his wife — Rue Nicolas Flamel and Rue Parnelle. But that's not the only reminder that remains of this prominent couple.
At 51 Rue Montmorency, you'll find Nicolas Flamel's house, which many consider the oldest stone house in Paris. Unfortunately, you won't find the sorcerer's stone there. While the legend suggests Flamel had such powerful alchemist skills he was able to create the elixir of eternal life, he actually ran a couple of shops in the city. It wasn't until hundreds of years after his death that he earned a reputation as an alchemist — likely because he lived well into his 80s, which was practically unheard of in the 1300s.
2. Head to the top floor of Printemps for amazing 360-degree views of the city.
Oddly enough, if you visit Printemps, you'll find one of the best panoramic views in the city. On the department store's top floor is an outdoor cafe called Deli-Cieux. It has indoor and outdoor seating, but the outdoor terrace tends to be rather windy. So when you're done snapping a few Instagram-worthy photos, head indoors to sip your coffee.
You might not want to enjoy a full Deli-Cieux though, because a couple floors down you'll find a super chic restaurant that sits directly under the door's iconic stained-glass dome. Brasserie is open a bit later than Deli-Cieux is, making it a good place to grab a semi-early dinner.
3. View the city from a hot air balloon.
If you're looking for a more unique way to see the city in all its glory, consider taking it all in from a hot air balloon that hovers around 150 meters in the air. At Parc André Citroën you'll find the largest hot air balloon in the world. It's tethered to the ground, so you won't float throughout the city during your ride. But as you rise above the rooftops, you get a view of Paris unlike any other.
4. Explore the Catacombs of Paris
A small portion of Paris's underbelly is open to the public and is known as the Catacombs de Paris. This underground space houses the skeletal remains of between six and seven million former Parisians. The bones are arranged in decorative displays, the most iconic of which is known as the Barrel. It's a large pillar surrounded by tibiae and skulls — and it acts as a support for the roof area in which it's housed.
5. Visit some of the city's metro stations.
Some of the metro stations in Paris are works of art. Consider taking time to visit a few of them. At Pont Neuf, the station closest to the Gravestone Courtyard, you'll find massive 3D reproductions of coins used in France throughout the years. And the metro station at Concorde has a platform tiled in letter mosaics. But the most beautiful metro station artwork is found the Palais Royal metro station. The entrance to the station is a contemporary sculpture made from hand-blown Murano glass from Italy. French artist Jean-Michel Othoniel created the installation, which is titled, La Kiosque des Noctambuleś — kiosk of the nightwalkers.
Paris is a place the exudes luxury and elegance. When touring the city, take your time and relax — and of course, always look your best. Consider taking the carry-on-closet with you to ensure your clothes remain pristine while traveling.


text:
A New Parisian Brand Turns Old Hotel Curtains Into One-of-a-Kind Jackets
by Zoe Ruffner
Photo: Courtesy of Hôtel
One night, Alexandra Hartmann was roaming the streets of her native Paris and landed upon a pile of gold floral-stitched curtains that had been discarded by a nearby hotel. Suddenly, inspiration struck. "I had known I wanted to start something, but I just got so bored thinking of using new fabric and creating more stuff," says the Copenhagen-based designer. "Why not reuse these, I thought." Now, two years after "call[ing] every single hotel, motel, and auberge in Paris," Hartmann has finally launched her own line: Hôtel, a collection of simply cut jackets and tops all repurposed from the Genoa velvet, fringe-trimmed silk, and jacquard drapes that she has amassed. "I ended up in my small room in Belleville with curtains all around me thinking, What the hell am I doing?" she says with a laugh. "It was a struggle at the beginning."
At first the stains, holes, and cigarette marks that come with the territory of decades-old drapes overwhelmed her, but she has learned to love them. "The fun part is creating a pattern that works with the fabric," insists Hartmann, who hand-stitches the curtains (of which she often receives only a single set) into one-of-a-kind vintage silk-lined creations. They can be purchased on Hôtel's e-store or at Copenhagen boutique Leah Maria. "The pieces aren't going to look exactly the same," she says. "But that's what makes them special. Comme un petit bijou."


Our beautiful homestead is an exceptional setting for the wedding of your dreams. We look forward to the day of your special celebration.
This amazing property borders the Solduc River and Beaver Creek. It is surrounded by towering trees, lush ferns and many different types of moss. There is open pasture and secluded forest. We are home to Wild Forks Farm producing home grown veggies, foraged foods and homestead goods. Our cabins offer our guests a retreat while they visit the Olympic National Park or for folks just looking for a relaxing get away. Please see our "Outdoors" page for a bird's eye view.
What dates are available to book my wedding?
The venue is available May-October from 2:00 pm on Friday through 2:00 pm Sunday (weekdays can also be booked for the same rate depending on availability).
We can accommodate up to 50 guests on the day of your ceremony and/or reception and 20 overnight guests. Please let us know if there are non-staying guests that will be attending events held before or after your wedding day. We can suggest other close accommodations for your additional guests.
· 2500 feet of Solduc river and Beaver Creek water frontage.
Do you offer any interesting add-ons?
Welcome feast of locally caught salmon slow cooked over the campfire. This is a seasonal offering and depends on market price. Please ask us!
A signed rental agreement and 40% of the rental rate is required to reserve your date and cabins which is non-refundable. The balance of the rental fee is due 30 days prior to your event date. We ask that a $500 refundable damage deposit and proof of liability insurance and any necessary liquor/banquet permits be submitted 7 days prior to your event. Please note a 10.6% sales and lodging tax will be added to the cabin rates and a 8.4% sales tax will be added to the venue rate.
We don't provide in-house catering options, but we do have a list of preferred vendors.
Can we bring our own beer and wine?
Yes, but hard alcohol cannot be served without a permitted bartender.
You must purchase liability insurance for your event. Please see the rental agreement for details.
Do you have an onsite wedding coordinator?
We ask that you designate or hire an event/wedding coordinator to take care of all the extra details. We are available to assist with questions and concerns that come up.
What about my furry friends?
While we love them, we cannot accommodate pets or emotional support animals staying on our property, for their safety and the safety of our livestock. We are happy to make an exception for a pet to be included in your ceremony only. Service animals are always welcome, but please let us know ahead of time, if possible.
Please let us know if you have other questions. We are here to help in anyway we can. Thank you!


This is a hosting and website related email that I'm sending to everybody I represent on the internet – as there's some important changes coming into effect on the 25th of May 2018, and your website, marketing and sales items needs to be ready for them.
The issue is complience to General Data Protection Regulations (GDPR).
Long story short, everybody who has a website, or holds people information, has records data about people's behaviour, makes sales calls or sends printed items needs to be aware and make changes to confirm with new regulations.
Email marketing requires recipients to "opt-in", and even confirm their email addresses, before being added to any mailing list. Plus they must be able to unsubscribe, this is a must.
Printed materials should similarly be opt-in, with a clear process to opt-out. This would be a contact process which allows the recipient to contact the sender to be removed from their mailing list.
Sales calls should make use of the Telephone Preference Service (TPS) and those listed shouldn't be called – and this applies to businesses listed within the related CTPS listing.
So it's clear there is a general thrust towards protecting peoples information within websites and online processes / marketing – while always getting consent. This is an EU wide measure coming into effect on the 25th of May.
Seperately but relatedly the security of websites will need to improve. Google's latest Chrome browser will flag any site without an SSL certificate as potential dangerous – most likely resulting in the person avoiding your site. SSL certificates are already used by eCommerce sites. I can provide SSL certificates for your website. Cost is at least £80 per year, additional cost.
There's a lot of points in this email, please let me know if you have any queries about this, as I'll be working on this during the next few weeks.


1959-1982: Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D.C.
Comments: The 1943 steel cent fabricated during WWII does not have a copper/zinc metal composition.
$0.0194183 is the melt value for the 1909-1982 copper cent on April 25, 2019.
The PCGS price guide on Lincoln cents has an updated list of certified coin prices.
If you're interested in learning more about grading copper Lincoln cents, Photograde is an excellent resource.


text:
Q: C# Prevent users from losing data in excel interop I am writing an application in C# that changes data in an excel worksheet. VBA isn't an option because the version of office that is installed on the clients desktop is Microsoft Office 2010 Starter Edition which doesn't support VBA (none of the starter editions do). The application is using the excel interop library.
When I start the application it checks to see if the excel workbook that is to be modified is open and if it is open it notifies the user and then quits. This part is working as expected. The check isn't working if the user opens the excel file for some reason after starting the application and then trying to save their work from inside the application. In that case any modifications from the application are lost without any error notification. If you need to see more of the code to answer the entire project is in GitHub.
I've tried changing CheckExcelWorkBookOpen from a static class to a class that gets instantiated every time it is used, just in case the list of open workbooks was being stored in the excel interop library, this did not help.
The code that works in the application start up is:
CheckExcelWorkBookOpen testOpen = new CheckExcelWorkBookOpen();
testOpen.TestAndThrowIfOpen(Preferences.ExcelWorkBookFullFileSpec);

The code is also called any time the application attempts to open the file either for input or output, this doesn't work:
    private void StartExcelOpenWorkbook()
    {
        if (xlApp != null)
        {
            return;
        }

        CheckExcelWorkBookOpen testOpen = new CheckExcelWorkBookOpen();
        testOpen.TestAndThrowIfOpen(WorkbookName);
        xlApp = new Excel.Application();
        xlApp.Visible = false;
        xlApp.DisplayAlerts = false;

        xlWorkbook = xlApp.Workbooks.Open(WorkbookName);
    }

Current Code
using System;
using Excel = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel;

namespace TenantRosterAutomation
{
    public class CheckExcelWorkBookOpen
    {
        // Check if there is any instance of excel open using the workbook.
        public static bool IsOpen(string workBook)
        {
            Excel.Application TestOnly = null;
            bool isOpened = true;
            // There are 2 possible exceptions here, GetActiveObject will throw
            // an exception if no instance of excel is running, and
            // workbooks.get_Item throws an exception if the sheetname isn't found.
            // Both of these exceptions indicate that the workbook isn't open.
            try
            {
                TestOnly = (Excel.Application)System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.GetActiveObject("Excel.Application");
                int lastSlash = workBook.LastIndexOf('\\');
                string fileNameOnly = workBook.Substring(lastSlash + 1);
                TestOnly.Workbooks.get_Item(fileNameOnly);
                TestOnly = null;
            }
            catch (Exception)
            {
                isOpened = false;
                if (TestOnly != null)
                {
                    TestOnly = null;
                }
            }
            return isOpened;
        }

        // Common error message to use when the excel file is op in another app.
        public string ReportOpen()
        {
            string alreadyOpen = "The excel workbook " +
                Globals.Preferences.ExcelWorkBookFullFileSpec +
                    " is alread open in another application. \n" +
                    "Please save your changes in the other application and close the " +
                    "workbook and then try this operation again or restart this application.";

            return alreadyOpen;
        }

        public void TestAndThrowIfOpen(string workBook)
        {
            if (IsOpen(workBook))
            {
                AlreadyOpenInExcelException alreadOpen =
                    new AlreadyOpenInExcelException(ReportOpen());
                throw alreadOpen;
            }
        }
    }
}

This code is now included in a question on code review.

A: I got the above code to work by ensuring that any excel process started by the application was killed after the task was complete. The following code is added to my ExcelInterface module. The Dispose(bool) function already existed but did not kill the process:
    protected virtual void Dispose(bool disposing)
    {
        if (!disposed)
        {
            if (disposing)
            {
                if (xlWorkbook != null)
                {
                    xlWorkbook.Close();
                    xlWorkbook = null;
                }

                if (xlApp != null)
                {
                    xlApp.Quit();
                    xlApp = null;
                    Process xlProcess = Process.GetProcessById(ExcelProcessId);
                    if (xlProcess != null)
                    {
                        xlProcess.Kill();
                    }
                }
            }
            disposed = true;
        }
    }

    [DllImport("user32.dll")]
    static extern int GetWindowThreadProcessId(int hWnd, out int lpdwProcessId);
    private int GetExcelProcessID(Excel.Application excelApp)
    {
        int processId;
        GetWindowThreadProcessId(excelApp.Hwnd, out processId);
        return processId;
    }

    private void StartExcelOpenWorkbook()
    {
        if (xlApp != null)
        {
            return;
        }

        CheckExcelWorkBookOpen testOpen = new CheckExcelWorkBookOpen();
        testOpen.TestAndThrowIfOpen(WorkbookName);
        xlApp = new Excel.Application();
        xlApp.Visible = false;
        xlApp.DisplayAlerts = false;

        xlWorkbook = xlApp.Workbooks.Open(WorkbookName);

        ExcelProcessId = GetExcelProcessID(xlApp);
    }

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