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A Schumpeterian theory of underdevelopment – a contradiction in terms?
Reinert, Erik S. (1994): A Schumpeterian theory of underdevelopment – a contradiction in terms? Published in: STEP report No. 15 (1994)
The aim of this paper is to show that the dynamics of Schumpeterian economics, in addition to explain the creation of wealth, also implicitly contain the elements of a theory of relative poverty. It is argued that the German tradition of economics, of which Schumpeter is a part, has always encompassed the necessary elements of a theory of uneven growth. List, Marx, and Schumpeter have all emphasized different aspects of this uneven growth. This contrasts sharply with the Anglo-Saxon tradition which, particularly since the 1890's, has produced theories of growth and trade which imply an even, converging distribution of world activity and income.
Economic development; growth theory; Schumpeter; uneven development
B - History of Economic Thought, Methodology, and Heterodox Approaches > B0 - General
N - Economic History > N1 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics ; Industrial Structure ; Growth ; Fluctuations
O - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth > O1 - Economic Development
Erik S. Reinert
10. Jul 2013 08:03
Österreich über alles wann es nur will, Nürnberg, 1684
Reinert, Erik S. 'Catching-up from way behind, A Third World view perspective on first world history', in Fagerberg, Jan et.al., Catching Up, Falling Behind an Forging Ahead. The Dynamics of Technology, Trade, and Growth, London, Edward Elgar, 1994.
Clemence, Richard V. Essays of J.A. Schumpeter, Cambridge, Mass., Addison-Wesley Press, 1951
Augello, Massimo M., Joseph Alois Schumpeter. A Reference Guide, Berlin, Springer-Verlag, 1990.
Rosenberg, Nathan, 'Marx on the economic role of science', in his Perspectives of Technology, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1976
Schumpeter, Joseph A. The Theory of Economic Development, Cambridge, Mass., Harvard University Press, 1934
Roscher, Wilhelm, Die Grundlagen der Nationalökonomie, Stuttgart, Cotta, 1854.
Babbage, Charles, On the Economy of Machinery and Manufactures, London, Charles Knight, 1832.
Ure, Andrew, The Philosophy of Manufactures, or, an exposition of the scientific, moral, and commercial economy of the factory system of Great Britain, London, Charles Knight, 1835.
Streissler, Erich W., Increasing Returns and the Prospects of Small-scale Enterprise, Paper presented at the Sixth Annual Heilbronn Symposium in Economics and the Social Sciences, 'Wilhelm Roscher (1817-1894). A Centenary Reappraisal', June 1994
Hufeland, Gottlieb, Neue Grundlegung der Staatswirthschaftskunst, durch Prüfung und Berichtigung ihrer Hauptbegriffe von Gut, Werth, Pries, Geld und Volksvermögen mit ununterbrochener Rücksicht auf die bisherigen Systeme, Giessen and Wetlar, Tasche & Müller, 1807
Hermann, Friedrich B. W., Staatswirtschaftliche Untersuchungen, München, A. Weber, 1832.
Serra, Antonio, Breve trattato delle cause che possono far abbondare li regni d'oro e argento dove non sono miniere, Napoli, Lazzaro Scoriggio, 1613.
Appel, Michael, Werner Sombart. Theoretiker und Historiker des modernen Kapitalismus, Marburg, Metropolis, 1992
Rosenberg, Nathan, Exploring the Black Box. Technology, economics, and history, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1994
Charles King, The British Merchant or Commerce Preserv'd, London, John Darby, 1721. 3 Vols., Vol. 1
Marshall, Alfred, Principles of Economics, London, Macmillan , 1890
Verspagen, Bart, 'Endogenous Innovation in Neoclassical Growth Models: A Survey', in Journal of Macroeconomics, Fall 1992, Vol. 14, No. 4, pp. 631-662.
Romer, Paul M., 'The Origins of Endogenous Growth', in Journal of Economic Perspectives, Vol 8, No. 1, Winter 1994, pp. 3-22.
Rosenberg, Nathan, 'The direction of technological change: inducement mechanisms and focus devices', Chapter 6 in Perspectives on Technology, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1976.
Vethake, Henry, Principles of Political Economy, 2nd. edition, Philadelphia, J.W. Moore, 1844
Lucas, Robert, 'On the Mechanisms of Economic Development', Journal of Monetary Economics, Vol. 22, 1988
Raff, Daniel M. R., 'Wage Determination Theory and the Five-Dollar Day at Ford', in The Journal of Economic History, Vol. 43, No. 2 (June 1988),
America's New Growth Economy, International Business Week, May 16, 1994
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Nourse, Edwin and Horace Drury, Industrial Price Policies and Economic Progress, Washington DC, The Brookings Institution, 1938.
Singer, Hans, International Development. Growth and Change, New York, McGraw-Hill, 1964
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Hillman, Richard S. and Thomas J. D'Agostino, Distant Neighbours in the Caribbean. The Dominican Republic and Jamaica in Comparative Perspective, New York, Praeger, 1992.
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Raymond, Daniel, Thoughts on Political Economy, Baltimore, Fielding Lucas, 1820


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12 Finalists for ASME National Magazine Awards
The New York Times Magazine and T: The New York Times Style Magazine were nominated for a total of 12 ASME National Magazine Awards. The New York Times Magazine leads all nominations with 10, a historic high for the magazine.
The American Society of Magazine Editors announced the finalists for the 2020 National Magazine Awards, also known as the Ellies, yesterday, with The New York Times Magazine leading the pack with 10 nominations, a record number for the magazine. And T: The New York Times Style Magazine received two nominations.
Jazmine Hughes, a story editor at the magazine, was also named as one of the recipients of the 2020 ASME Next Awards for Journalists Under 30.
Among the magazine's 10 nominations was one for General Excellence, as well as two for podcasting for The 1619 Project and Still Processing, two for Public Interest for The 1619 Project and "The China Connection" by Alex W. Palmer and two for Feature Writing for "All That Glitters" by Taffy Brodesser-Akner and "The Schoolteacher and the Genocide" by Sarah A. Topol.
The magazine was also a finalist in Feature Photography for "Brothers, Sisters, Strangers" by Eli Baden-Lasar, Profile Writing for "Rick Steves Wants to Set You Free" by Sam Anderson and in Reporting for "False Witness," by Pamela Colloff.
With this year's nomination, Pamela tied the overall record for most nominated female writer in awards history with seven nominations.
"This was a very exciting surprise," Jake Silverstein said. "So many people pour themselves into these stories and special issues and podcasts, and it's great to see their hard work recognized like this. I couldn't be prouder of the whole NYT Mag team."
T Magazine was also nominated for General Excellence, Service and Lifestyle, and in Columns and Commentary for three columns by Ligaya Mishan: "Nothing Sacred," "An Assault on the Tongue" and "Interlopers."
"All of us at T are thrilled and honored to be nominated in such good company, and thank the judges for their recognition," said Hanya Yanagihara.
The awards will be presented at a ceremony on March 12 at Brooklyn Steel.
Find the full press release here.
Awards, NYT Magazine, T Magazine
The New York Times's Eight Finalists for ASME National Magazine Awards
Events, News, NYT Magazine
The New York Times Magazine Celebrates "The 1619 Project" in Washington, D.C.
Innovations, News, NYT Magazine
Random House to Publish Multi-Book Series Based on The New York Times's "The 1619 Project"

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The 2019 major exhibition at Tjolöholms castle offers visitors a taste of British furnishings, textiles and fashion from the late turn of the century. When Blanche Dickson had her dream house built – Tjolöholm Castle – she chose a large part of the interior decor from the fashionable Liberty department store on Regent Street in London. Tjolöholm, in collaboration with the Fashion and Textile Museum and Liberty in London, tells the story of this innovative lifestyle store.
Soft velvet in warm rich tones, oriental mysticism, silk with sophisticated patterns, fine carved oak furniture influenced by medieval romance, Moorish carpets, Japanese kimonos – all this and more were available at Liberty Department Store on Regent Street in London. At the turn of the century, Liberty had emerged as an important trend creator in the latter part of the 19th century.
The store attracted prominent artists and intellectuals, including Oscar Wilde, William Morris and the artist group Pre-Raphaelites, as well as a public that had taste for the new trends of the time, the Liberty customers were considered to have refined taste and supreme aesthetics, sometimes to the extent that the newspapers made fun of them. Since then, the department store has maintained an atmosphere of bohemian elegance and still remains at the same address on Regent Street today.
In cooperation with the Fashion and Textile Museum in London, original clothes from Liberty are featured in the exhibition to further enhance the experience of the department store's special aesthetics. As an interpretation of the early Liberty, a room has been fashioned with the same characteristics containing items sold at the department store during that period: Oriental Ceramics, Japanese Kimono, Fabrics, and more. In cooperation with Liberty London, specially selected pieces from their range will also be available for sale.
The exhibition will take place February 2 – December 30, 2019. Tickets will soon be avaliable.


text:
Posts published in October 2016
Governor McCrory Moves to Help Protect Consumers from Flooded Vehicle Fraud
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Men's Soccer: East Bladen 3, West Bladen 2
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Bladenboro Beast Fest Schedule of Events for 2016
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Flood-Blocked White Oak Community Getting Help in Bladen County
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Elizabethtown Rotary Club learns about County EMS system
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Return of heart surgery signals successful recovery following storm
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Carolina Theater announces announces new date for Doo Wop Project: will be March 3
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VETERANS DON'T OWE AMERICA, WE OWE THE VETERANS
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HOUSE AG COMMITTEE LEADERS EXPRESS DISCONTENT WITH USDA'S ADVANCEMENT OF GIPSA RULES
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Emerau:Bladen to conduct Open House Nov 5 and 6
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Bladen County School announce schools consolidation recommendation
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Bible Drive to be held for flood victims on Saturday
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Arrest made in breaking and entering of counseling office in Elizabethtown
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Free U-Pick Grapes this Saturday Only
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Murder and Manslaughter in Victoria
Murder and Manslaughter Defence Lawyers in Melbourne
If you've been charged with murder or manslaughter, our expert lawyers are here to help you. We have extensive experience in the Supreme Court of Victoria and work alongside Senior and Queen's counsel to obtain the best possible outcome for our clients.
manslaughter victoria | manslaughter defence lawyer | lawyers defending murder
Murder and Manslaughter Charges in Melbourne and Victoria
The Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) and the common law criminalises several offences in relation to the unlawful killing of another person. Different offences, such as attempted murder, murder and manslaughter, are largely distinguished by varying degrees of blameworthiness.
Murder is considered one of the most serious criminal offences in Victoria and carries a maximum penalty of life imprisonment. Manslaughter is also an indictable offence and carries a maximum penalty of 25 years imprisonment. Both charges are heard in the Supreme Court of Victoria. Because of the complex nature of these matters, trials can sometimes take months or even years.
If you have been charged or are under investigation for allegedly committing murder or manslaughter, please contact Sher Criminal Lawyers immediately. Our specialist defence lawyers are extensively experienced in jury trials and work alongside Senior and Queens Counsel when running matters before the Supreme Court of Victoria. Further, we forensically analyse each case to create a compelling and unique legal strategy for our clients. Aim for the best possible outcome and find peace of mind knowing that your matter is being managed with the utmost legal expertise at Sher Criminal Lawyers.
Murder is an offence in common law. However, section 3 of the Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) legislates that a person found guilty of murder is liable to a maximum penalty of life imprisonment. Due to the serious indictable nature of murder charges, cases must be heard in the Supreme Court of Victoria.
In Victoria, murder is recognised as the intentional and unlawful killing of another person. To prove a charge of murder, the prosecution must demonstrate beyond a reasonable doubt that the accused:
Voluntarily committed acts which caused the victim's death;
Had the intention to kill, or cause really serious injury or knowing it was probable that death or serious injury would result; and
Had no lawful justification or defence for those acts.
The offending act does not have to be the sole cause of the victim's death to be considered murder. The Court can still find a defendant guilty of murder if the act significantly contributed to the death. However, the act must have been done voluntarily, meaning that the accused had conscious control of their body movements.
Also, note that the accused can be found guilty if they knew it was probable that serious injury would result from their voluntary acts. This is called reckless murder. An offence is considered "reckless" if the accused intentionally committed an act and knew that it could reasonably cause harm or kill someone, even if they did not intend to harm anyone. In other words, the accused was willing to run the risk of someone else being injured or killed when they committed the act.
As such, a number of defences may exist in relation to a murder charge, depending on the facts of the case. An expert criminal defence lawyer will be able to assess whether any legal defence is applicable in your matter given the circumstances. Defences to murder might include:
Self-defence;
Duress;
Automatism; or
Provocation (for homicides committed prior to 23 November 2005).
If the prosecution fails to prove any of the above elements beyond a reasonable doubt or a legal defence can be relied upon, the defendant cannot be held criminally liable for a charge of murder. This is why it is crucial to obtain expert legal advice from a criminal lawyer who is experienced in defending murder cases and matters, and has extensive knowledge of the relevant laws.
Other Offences Related to Murder
Section 3A of the Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) legislates that a person is liable to be convicted of murder if they unintentionally kill someone in the course or furtherance of a violent crime. This offence is sometimes referred to as constructive murder or statutory murder. Under this law, a violent crime is one that has a necessary element of violence and carries a maximum penalty of 10 years imprisonment or more. Examples of violent crime include rape and armed robbery.
Section 6 of the Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) refers to infanticide. Infanticide is an indictable offence that carries a maximum penalty of 5 years imprisonment and can be heard in either the County or Supreme Court of Victoria. To prove a charge of infanticide, the prosecution must demonstrate beyond a reasonable doubt that the accused mother:
Carried out conduct that caused the death of her child;
The circumstances of the conduct would constitute murder; and
At the time of carrying out the conduct, was mentally disturbed because:
• She had not fully recovered from the effect of giving birth to that child within the preceding 2 years; or
• She suffered from a disorder which was a consequence of giving birth to that child within the preceding 2 years.
Voluntary Manslaughter
Voluntary manslaughter is an offence at common law. It is sometimes also referred to as manslaughter by unlawful and dangerous act. Section 5 of the Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) stipulates that a person found guilty of manslaughter is liable to a maximum penalty of 25 years imprisonment. The majority of manslaughter matters are heard in the Supreme Court of Victoria, but very rarely cases might be dealt with in the County Court.
In Victoria, voluntary manslaughter is recognised as an intentional killing where mitigating factors are present. To prove a charge of voluntary manslaughter, the prosecution must demonstrate beyond a reasonable doubt that:
The accused committed an act which caused the victims death;
The accused committed the act consciously, voluntarily and deliberately;
The act was unlawful; and
The act was dangerous.
Voluntary manslaughter is different from murder because, although the act was intentional, certain circumstances may have provoked the death of the victim. In this sense, manslaughter is considered less premeditated than murder. For example, if a person is killed in the course of a heated argument, the argument itself may amount to provocation.
The accused's act does not have to be the sole cause of the victim's death. The Court can still find a defendant guilty of manslaughter if the act significantly contributed to the death.
Even if the accused did not intend to kill the victim, they can still be found guilty of voluntary manslaughter if they committed the offending act consciously, voluntarily and deliberately.
An act is considered "unlawful" if it constitutes a breach of criminal law. In voluntary manslaughter cases, the prosecution must demonstrate that the accused's act amounts to an unlawful offence by proving each element of that said offence. However, an act cannot be considered unlawful if the accused proves that they have a legal defence to the relevant offence.
In deciding whether or not an act should be considered "dangerous", an objective test must be applied. An act is dangerous if a reasonable person in the position of the accused, performing the relevant act, would have realised that they were exposing the victim to an appreciable risk of serious injury. Whether or not the accused themselves actually realised that the act was dangerous is irrelevant. Further, it is up to the jury to determine what they deem to be a "serious injury".
If the prosecution fails to prove any of the above elements beyond a reasonable doubt or a legal defence can be relied upon, the defendant cannot be held criminally liable for a charge of voluntary manslaughter. This is why it is crucial to obtain expert legal advice from a manslaughter defence lawyer who is experienced in manslaughter matters and has extensive knowledge of the relevant laws.
Involuntary manslaughter is an offence in common law. It is sometimes also referred to as negligent manslaughter. Section 5 of the Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) stipulates that a person found guilty of manslaughter is liable to a maximum penalty of 25 years' imprisonment. The majority of manslaughter matters are heard in the Supreme Court of Victoria, but very rarely cases might be dealt with in the County Court.
In Victoria, involuntary manslaughter is recognised as an unlawful killing without the intent to kill or cause really serious injury. To prove a charge of involuntary manslaughter, the prosecution must demonstrate beyond a reasonable doubt that death resulted from either the criminal negligence or, an unlawful dangerous act by, the accused.
Manslaughter by criminal negligence requires proof:
The accused owed the victim a duty of care;
The accused breached that duty by criminal negligence;
The accused committed the act which breached the duty of care consciously and voluntarily; and
The accused's breach of the duty of care caused the victim's death.
Manslaughter by unlawful dangerous act requires proof:
The accused intentionally committed an unlawful act;
That unlawful act was dangerous (a reasonable person in the same position would consider that act created an appreciable risk of serious injury);
The unlawful and dangerous act was a substantial and operating cause of the death of the victim.
Involuntary manslaughter differs from murder and voluntary manslaughter because the accused lacks intent to kill or cause serious injury. Rather, the consequences of involuntary manslaughter arise due to the reckless or negligent illegal behaviour of the accused. For example, reckless driving causing the death of a passenger may amount to involuntary manslaughter.
Whether or not the accused owed the victim a duty of care is a complex legal question and will depend on the circumstances of the case. A duty of care may arise due to the context of the situation, the relationship between the parties, a specific statute or any other number of considerations.
Further, an objective test must be applied when assessing whether or not the accused breach their duty of care by criminal negligence. An act or omission might amount to criminal negligence if it warrants criminal punishment because:
It falls so far below the standard of care that a reasonable person would have exercised in the accused's position; and
It involved such a high risk of death or serious injury.
The nature of the duty of care may be taken into consideration when assessing criminal negligence. Whether or not the accused themselves actually realised that the act would result in death or injury is irrelevant.
The accused's act does not have to be the sole cause of the victim's death. The Court can still find a defendant guilty of involuntary manslaughter if the act significantly contributed to the death.
If the prosecution fails to prove any of the above elements beyond a reasonable doubt or a legal defence can be relied upon, the defendant cannot be held criminally liable for involuntary manslaughter. This is why it is crucial to obtain expert legal advice from a criminal lawyer who is experienced in manslaughter matters and has extensive knowledge of the relevant laws.
Other Offences Related to Manslaughter
Section 4A of the Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) legislates that a person can be found guilty of voluntary manslaughter if the victim dies due to:
A single punch or strike delivered to any part of the person's head or neck; and
By itself, the strike or punch causes an injury to the head or neck.
Even if the victim dies from an impact other than the punch itself (e.g. the victim's head striking the pavement), the accused is still liable to a charge of voluntary manslaughter. It is irrelevant whether the single punch or strike is one of a series of punches or strikes.
Section 6B of the Crimes Act 1958 (Vic) stipulates that a person is liable to be convicted of manslaughter (and not murder) if they survive a suicide pact but killed the deceased party. If found guilty, the defendant is liable to a maximum penalty of 10 years imprisonment. In these cases, the prosecution must prove all the elements of murder. The onus is on the defence to prove that the death occurred in pursuance of a suicide pact.
The Court Procedure for Murder and Manslaughter Charges in Victoria
If you have been charged or are under investigation for potentially committing murder or manslaughter, it is crucial that you understand your legal rights and options. This area of law is highly complex. All circumstances, facts and evidence must be taken into consideration and assessed by an experienced criminal defence lawyer.
Sher Criminal Lawyers are experts at defending murder and manslaughter charges. Our specialist defence lawyers are extensively experienced in jury trials and work alongside Senior and Queens Counsel when running matters before the Supreme Court of Victoria. Your defence case will be strategically planned and executed by an expert team of criminal lawyers and barristers. Further, we forensically analyse each case to create a compelling legal strategy. Please contact us immediately so that we can provide urgent legal advice. We must act early to protect your legal interests and navigate your case towards the best possible outcome.
Murder and manslaughter charges are heard in the Supreme Court. These matters are extremely complex and may involve several stages of case preparation and court procedure, including:
Police Interview
Committal Proceedings
Plea Hearing
Pre-trial Disclosure
Because of the complexity of these cases, murder and manslaughter trials can sometimes take months or even years.
If you plead not guilty, the prosecution must prove each element of the relevant offence beyond a reasonable doubt. The prosecutions failure to do so will result in the defendants being found not guilty of that charge.
Things to Consider When Charged with Murder or Manslaughter in Victoria
If you have been charged or are under investigation for murder or manslaughter, there are many things to consider before giving a police interview. It is vital to speak to a criminal lawyer who is experienced in defending murder and manslaughter cases as soon as possible. Your actions at the outset of the matter may mean the difference between a verdict of guilty or not guilty.
Things for the Accused to Consider
Is there a legal defence I can rely on in my matter?
Does the prosecution have enough evidence to prove my charge?
Should I cooperate with a police interview?
Should the evidence be forensically analysed?
How will the circumstances of the offence affect the outcome of my matter?
What is the likely result if I plead guilty or not guilty?
Is it possible to have my charges negotiated to a lesser offence?
Things that the Court Must Consider
If your matter is trialled in the Supreme Court, the Judge and jury will have to consider a wide range of factors that might prove you to be guilty or not guilty. In all murder and manslaughter cases, our experienced team at Sher Criminal Lawyers prepares the best possible defence by considering factors such as:
The reason and circumstances behind why you potentially committed an offence;
The intent of the victim;
The intent of the accused;
Whether the evidence is sufficient to substantiate the charge;
Other evidence that may not have been considered yet;
The voluntariness of the act;
The duty of care owed; and/or
Any other elements of the offence noted in the relevant legislation.
Penalties for Murder and Manslaughter Charges in Victoria
If a person is found guilty of murder in Victoria, the Court must impose a custodial sentence. The maximum penalty that a Court can impose is life imprisonment. The standard sentence for murder is 25 years imprisonment. However, if the victim was a custodial officer or emergency worker on duty, the standard sentence is 30 years imprisonment.
Manslaughter carries a maximum penalty of 25 years imprisonment in Victoria. The Court must impose a custodial sentence if the defendant is found guilty of manslaughter (unless there are particular reasons for not doing so).
What to Do If You Are Charged with Murder or Manslaughter in Victoria
If you have been charged or asked to interview in relation to potentially committing murder or manslaughter, please contact Sher Criminal Lawyers immediately.
Your defence case will be strategically planned and executed by a team of legal experts. Our specialist defence lawyers are extensively experienced in jury trials and work alongside Senior and Queens Counsel when running matters before the Supreme Court of Victoria. Further, we forensically analyse each case to create a compelling legal strategy that will result in the best possible outcome for our clients. Find peace of mind knowing that your matter is being managed with the utmost legal expertise at Sher Criminal Lawyers.
Please get in touch and ask for a free consultation by way of Zoom, Facetime or in person at our Melbourne or Moorabbin offices. Our specialist criminal lawyers are available 24/7 and here to help you from the outset of your matter. We will provide you with urgent advice to ensure the protection of your legal rights. The best legal outcomes stem from early action.
Vehicular Manslaughter vs Dangerous Driving Causing Death
At first glance, it may appear as though there are multiple offences in Victoria that all relate to the same crime: driving causing death. However, each offence is different and has a distinct set of elements that must be proven by the prosecution. Further, each offence carries a specific and different maximum penalty. In Victoria, […]
What is the Best Type of Lawyer for My Criminal Matter?
If you are under investigation or have been arrested in relation to a criminal offence, the best type of lawyer for you is a specialist criminal defence lawyer. A specialist is a lawyer who is an expert in one particular area of law. It is best to use a specialist criminal defence lawyer because they: […]
Hide Your Criminal Record – Spent Conviction Scheme (Vic)
The Spent Conviction Scheme protects a person from having their criminal record publicly disclosed under certain circumstances. When a conviction may not be publicly disclosed, it is referred to as a "spent" conviction. To be eligible for a spent conviction, you must meet certain requirements (e.g. you must not re-offend for a set amount of […]
Is There a Difference Between Family and Domestic Violence and Assault?
In Victoria, assaulting a family member is considered family or domestic violence and may result in: The victim or the police applying for a Family Violence Intervention Order (FVIO) against you; The police charging you with a criminal assault offence; or Both. However, it is important to note that family violence matters and assault matters […]


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Back to former Indiana governors
Gov. George N. Craig
Terms January 12, 1953 - January 14, 1957
Born August 6, 1909
Passed December 17, 1992
Birth State Indiana
School Indiana University
Family Married Kathryn L. Heiliger; two children
Military Service Army
Awards Awarded for combat leadership by France, Russia, and the U.S.
GEORGE N. CRAIG, Indiana's thirty-ninth governor, was born in Brazil, Indiana, on August 6, 1909. After earning his law degree from Indiana University in 1932, Craig established his legal career in his father's law firm in Brazil. During World War II, he rose through the military ranks to lieutenant colonel, and was awarded for his combat leadership by France, Russia, and the U.S. After his military duty, Craig returned home and resumed his law career. In 1949, he was named the national commander of the American Legion. Craig first entered politics, winning his election to the governor's office in 1952. He was sworn into office on January 12, 1953. During his tenure, the first toll road was authorized, the state department of health was restructured, a highway safety program was initiated, and major reforms were sanctioned that included conservation, mental health, and corrections. After leaving office on January 10, 1957, Craig became a partner in a Washington, D.C. law firm, and later practiced in Los Angeles. Governor George N. Craig died on December 17, 1992, and was buried at the Clearview Cemetery in Brazil, Indiana.
Indiana Historical Bureau
Current Indiana Governor
Eric Holcomb
Recent Indiana Governors
Gov. Mike Pence
January 14, 2013 - January 9, 2017
Gov. Mitch Daniels
Gov. Joseph E. Kernan
Gov. Frank O'Bannon
January 13, 1997 - September 13, 2003
Gov. Evan Bayh
Gov. Robert D. Orr
Gov. Otis Ray Bowen
Gov. Edgar Doud Whitcomb
Gov. Roger Douglas Branigin
Gov. Matthew Empson Welsh


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3 Trends in State Law that Link Education to Workforce Development
Campus Safety Platform Offers Emergency Data, Streamlines Reporting
Student engagement platform ClearScholar, with support from Butler University's police, security and IT departments, launched a new platform that aims to enhance safety technology at colleges and universities.
The ClearScholar mobile application works like a social media feed that students can customize to display campus news and events. Student can also use the app to manage class schedules and integrate their student ID to pay for meals, access campus buildings and more.
According to a company announcement, ClearScholar Aware offers greater insight and visibility into emergency calls made through the ClearScholar app. Two key features for the platform are its dispatch center dashboard and security personnel app.
First, the Aware Dashboard allows campus security dispatch and field officers to see a photo and GPS location on a map for anyone calling with an emergency. "Both of these aspects are designed to decrease incident response times, including assuring that the nearest officer is dispatched to the case by leveraging state-of-the-art mapping technology," the announcement states.
Next, the officer-facing app "provides the ability to log information about the case, which can later be exported for regulatory needs," according to the announcement. As an example, the collected data can be used to meet reporting requirements under the Clery Act, a bill that requires higher education institutions to provide an annual security report.
Butler University began using the ClearScholar student engagement platform in January through the Butler app.
ClearScholar Aware is available as a standalone offering.
Pennsylvania Public School Relies on Nutanix to Power Education, Administration


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Offen Group deploys DNV GL's e-learning tool across its fleet
Three companies under German shipping company Offen Group have installed DNV GL's e-learning course 'Energy Efficiency on Board' across their entire fleet.
The three companies involved are CPO Container, CPO Tanker and CPO Bulker.
Developed by DNV GL's Maritime Academy, along with Offen Group, the customised E-learning tool allows users to recognise potential methods of saving, and help execute them while operating a ship.
"We can achieve an increased awareness on-board and are able to identify and implement further energy-saving strategies."
The basic modules of the newly developed e-learning tool have been complemented by the actual business processes and software applications used on-board CPO vessels.
The tool, which integrates Offen Group's own internal systems, also includes daily routines that are documented in the course content and can be implemented directly by the crew.
CPO Container technical director Dietmar Thiem said: "As a large modern shipping company, we are always interested in innovative concepts and are constantly working to further extend our high-quality standards in all areas.
"With the use of e-learning, we can achieve an increased awareness on-board and are able to identify and implement further energy-saving strategies."
Separate modules of the tool provide various ways to increase energy efficiency looking at resistance, propulsion, main and auxiliary engines.
Additionally, the modules deal with practical and theoretical aspects of on-board operations, including trim and ballast optimisation, potential savings with propeller and rudder, as well as options for better route planning.
Currently, Offen Group has a fleet of 67 container ships, eight bulk carriers and 26 tankers.
So far, over 700 masters, senior engineers and ship officers are being trained with the e-learning tool.
Image: DNV GL, CPO Container, CPO Crewing and CPO Tanker and Bulker executives. Photo: courtesy of DNV GL AS.
Pemamek
World Class Welding Automation for Shipyards
ORTS Maschinenfabrik
Ship and Dredger Grabs


Evening, after a couple of days looking for similar items I'm still no further forward except I think the pattern is loganberries. I'm not even sure if it's Milk glass.
There's a very small "O" and possible "W" on the base, which I've had no luck identifying either. Has anyone any ideas or can point me in the direction of the maker and year.
It was the loganberries got me interested.
That might well be the pattern name, but the berries are not the right shape. Loganberries are big and long and they don't have very pointy ends - they're rounded.
We put some in the garden last year.
It does look like Milk glass. It doesn't look like Queen's Ivory, (to my very inexperienced eye) which would glow under UV.
Sue is quite correct about the glowing of QPIW, and it's a definite creamy colour anyway. This piece may well simply be white Vitro-Porcelain - the difference compared to milk glass is that the edges of milk glass should appear a tad opalescent, whereas v.p. doesn't.
I always thought sugars were round, but no reason I suppose you couldn't have a rectangular example.
Regret I've no idea as to maker, at the moment, but will have a rifle through some of the patterns. I've seen logan berries, but don't now recall the shape of the leaves.
We had it down in our log book as a vase, but I don't know, I thought sugar ?
Loganberries was the closest design I have come across.
It was created accidentally in 1881, according to wiki.
think I now see how this piece is meant to appear when standing. There are two side wings oval in shape, each one showing fruit in relief - the front has the organ pipes and the base is rectangular and without any pattern - though still no idea as to what the back looks like - possibly more organ pipes.
I thought the shape looked a tad art deco, but just guessing there - I don't recall seeing any Sowerby in this unusual shape - and an absence of Rd. No. makes me think not that factory, but who knows.
Thanks for your comments, I discounted Sowerby and Davidson because of the "o" on the base, the material appears the same as the small Sowerby vase. Both oblong sides have the same fruit bush pattern.
W.H. Heppell Page 14 of Jenny Thompson Identification green book quotes rd 370524 1881 ( indistinct cradle shape) so taking into account of the previous picture comparisons I think this is Heppell.
Would welcome any other comments.
Several manufacturers made cradles or similar.
I think this is very rare and now gone back into dads collection.
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Approached by a short flight of steps with good parking and the communal pool nearby, Mandarinos Alto is situated on San Juan de Capistrano and borders the Natural Park.
Presented in excellent decorative order, accommodation comprises an open plan 23m2 living / dining room and modern and recently installed American style kitchen. The living area enjoys a south facing Juliette balcony with outstanding sea views, double doors open onto a 12m terrace with 180 degree east, south and westerly views.
There are 2 bedrooms both of approximately 9m2 with fitted wardrobes, the master bedroom also opens onto the terrace with a further Juliette balcony with views towards Maro. There is also a recently decorated modern and fully fitted shower bathroom. Sale includes most furnishings.


What do footballers get up to on the bench when they're a substitute?
Do they watch the match intensely, observing any weaknesses in the opposition so they can exploit it if they're called upon?
Do they watch and listen to the manager to fully understand what he wants from his side?
Or do they just mess around and attempt to entertain themselves during the match?
Well, if you're substitutes for Bayern Munich, it's the latter.
That's because, during their Bundesliga clash against Augsburg, some of their stars could be seen having a bit of fun rather than watch their teammates in action.
To be fair, the chief instigator was 19-year-old Renato Sanchez so it's perhaps hardly surprising to see him acting immaturely at such a young age.
The Portuguese starlet was seen annoying teammate Juan Bernat by slapping him on the head and face - much to the Spaniard's anger.
But Bernat couldn't contain his annoyance and proceeded to retaliate by hitting Sanches on the head and giving his dreadlocks a tug.
After the squabble, Thomas Muller thought he would get involved in Sanches' antics. The German goalscorer appeared to encourage the youngster to begin a chant which looks to be aimed at Bernat.
It's not too surprising to see Sanches in fine spirits following his Golden Boy triumph last week. He beat the likes of Marcus Rashford and teammate Douglas Costa to the annual award run by Italian newspaper Tuttosport.
Sanches will now be hoping to follow in the footsteps of past winners Lionel Messi, Wayne Rooney and Paul Pogba to become an established star in European football.
Back to the match in Augsburg and all three of Bernat, Sanches and Muller weren't called upon by Carlo Ancelotti as the Bavarians ran out 3-1 winners at the WWK Arena. It leaves them two points clear at the top of the table and unbeaten in nine matches.
The trio may well have been rested for Tuesday's Champions League clash against PSV in the Netherlands. Bayern are trailing Atletico Madrid by three points in their group but a victory on Tuesday could see them progress to the last-16.
Maybe Ancelotti should keep an eye on his bench during the fixture to make sure they're behaving themselves.


The Yucatan region presents its visitors with a myriad of flavors during their exploration of its diverse culinary scene. At Wyndham Merida, guests can delight their palates with a trip to the hotel's exclusive restaurant and bar, each offering a range of cuisines and creative beverages.
La Casona Colon - Open for three meals daily, guests can delight in regional delicacies stemming from authentic Caribbean cuisine.
La Raspa Bar - Boasting a spirited atmosphere, La Raspa Bar features craft cocktails amid modern scenery.


Ronda Rousey is taking a hiatus from WWE to start a family, a source close to Rousey told ESPN's Ramona Shelburne. On Monday, Rousey posted a photo of herself and husband Travis Browne kissing for which the caption text read "#impregnationvacation." Rousey, the former UFC women's bantamweight champion, most recently appeared for WWE at WrestleMania 35 in the first all-women's main event at that show, opposite Charlotte Flair and eventual winner Becky Lynch.
In a January interview with Ramona Shelburne, Rousey talked about the potential of having children.
"I've not kept it a secret that I would definitely want to start a family," Rousey said. "But how do you go about doing that? I love this way more than I thought that I would. So do you just keep going until you just happen to get pregnant? Or should you stop and go try and get pregnant? Or is going and trying to get pregnant putting yourself on the spot and then you're less likely to get pregnant? I've never had a baby before, I don't know these kinds of things.
Rousey signed with WWE in January 2018 and debuted in the ring at WrestleMania 34 in New Orleans that April. Rousey eventually became Raw women's champion — a title she held until her loss to Lynch at WrestleMania 35.


The better, longer (21 minute) version showing Tower painting a lava field with tar in response to the 2011 BP Oil Spill. The film also shows solutions to a mid-career dilemma of art storage and marketing.
This movie explains why an environmentally aware New York artist would travel thousands of miles to paint a 750-thousand-acre lava flow in Idaho. The answer is in the landscape itself. I made this film to focus on rarely discussed art world topics. Having recently lost my art storage of 30 years, I took on the mid-career dilemma of having spent a lifetime creating art objects with neither a home or gallery. In 2011, I put everything into public storage to finance this painting trip. The film documents my painting practice of on-site painting with a conceptual bent. Issues of sustainability and relational aesthetics are also raised. My process had always been rooted in community. In making this film, I often handed my camera over to strangers to shoot. It was not until I returned to a city with an Apple store that I realized there was enough footage for a movie. I learned to edit and made the movie at the store. It is important for the viewer to know this film was a spontaneous group effort and that the documented events are also collaborative.


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Specifications: heavy duty, 1/2HP motor (350-watt), 0-30,000rpm maximum speed with sealed ball bearings and reverse (great for grain changes & left handed carving). The motor power is transferred through a 38.5″ flex-shaft to power either of the two included rotary handpieces. The first handpiece: StealthTM (internationally patented) has a key-chuck and adjusts 0-1/4″ to accept accessories with 1/4″ or smaller shanks, without collets! Great for roughing out! The 2nd rotary handpiece is the thin Detail Pro, hold it like a pencil for best control, perfect for detailing; it accepts 1/8″, 3/32″ and 1/16″ shanks (collets included). Set includes: 1/2HP motor with foot pedal speed control (799001), 2-handpieces, handpiece router guide, 9-burrs, manual and 2-year motor warranty. Note: Replaced model 797425.
797425 Mastercarver® Hanging Ultra Set.


The 55uk6300pvb - 55-inch 4k uhd smart tv TV is manufactured by Lg and was added around April 2018.
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While bank stocks will likely face increased turbulence in coming weeks, there is still potential for capital returns for investors in the longer term, says an investment manager.
Wealth Within chief analyst Dale Gillham said while this reporting season has mostly been positive for the financial sector, the royal commission could impact bank stocks over the next few weeks as it continues its probe into superannuation.
Mr Gilham said the results from AMP have already weighed heavily on the sector.
"It's been a rough road for AMP shareholders and in the short-term, there is still a risk of further downside for the stock price. A trade below $3.36 would significantly increase the probability of a further fall towards $2.73," said Mr Gillham.
CBA and Suncorp Group, on the other hand, were two of the standout companies, he said, with CBA still reporting a $9,375 million profit despite a $700 million AUSTRAC fine.
"The result was down by around four per cent on last year. Despite the news, the stock rose by around 3.5 per cent this week," he said.
He predicts that bank stocks will fall in coming weeks, however, as the royal commission probe into superannuation continues and puts banks under the microscope again.
However, plans by the banks to sell their wealth management divisions may "pave the way for a potential capital return to shareholders", he said.
"Banks will continue to generate multibillion dollar profits and pay dividends at market or above, making the stock attractive to investors," he said.


Today's cards: The Hierophant [V], Knight of Swords, & 4 of Swords.
Today's cards: The Magus [I], The Tower [XVI], & Eight of Cups.
Today's cards: Six of Disks, The Hanged Man [XII], & Queen of Cups.
Today's cards: Knight of Cups, Queen of Disks, & Eight of Cups.
Today's cards: Princess of Cups, Six of Swords, & The Hierophant.
Today's cards: Six of Swords, Four of Wands, & The Lovers [VI].


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Black ArtistsNew York
Kenny Rivero, 'I Still Hoop,' at Charles Moffett Gallery
By Chadd ScottPosted on October 31, 2020 November 5, 2020 0 Comments
Kenny Rivero, "I Still Hoop," 2020. Courtesy of Charles Moffett and the artist.
Charles Moffett presents "I Still Hoop," a solo presentation of 14 new works by New York-based visual artist and musician Kenny Rivero (b. 1981, New York; MFA Yale, 2012).
All of the works were made during the seismic cultural reckoning of 2020. Heightened by the recent police-committed murders and injustices toward people of color, at the top of Rivero's mind has been the breed of fear that he first internalized as a child growing up in a neighborhood that was disproportionately affected by street violence and the Crack Epidemic. Overall, the exhibition—which is set in an abstracted landscape informed by the people, architecture, culture and aesthetics of Washington Heights in New York (more broadly, uptown and the Bronx) and the Dominican Republic (more specifically, Santiago and el Cibáo)—combines historical and cultural references with Rivero's own memories and experiences in order to examine the power of fear, death, spirituality, and resilience.
The exhibition's title, "I Still Hoop," is a triple-entendre.
Most literally, it is a playful phrase from Rivero's culture growing up that is used to be "braggadocios and flex a little bit, taken from basketball vernacular and usually said to reassure someone who may believe that you've peaked and can no longer keep up."
Secondarily, "I Still Hoop" is the name of a painting that thematically represents the body of work as a whole – its core figurative focus is a woman wearing large hoop earrings, with styling characteristic of 1980s-1990s Afrodiasporic Americans. And finally, in a larger sense, the exhibition's title correlates with Rivero's lifelong cultural ethos of resourcefulness and thinking creatively about how to expand with limited resources; "I Still Hoop" is an affirmation of resilience.
While the works are imbued with playfully nostalgic markers of Rivero's 1980s-1990s New York upbringing—like pink-and-teal interiors, and the title work's representation of a Dominican woman with large hoops, high waisted pants, and a voluminous hairstyle—Rivero explains that the show speaks more broadly to the enduring lived experience of people of color in America, and what that looks like in the current political landscape.
Kenny Rivero, 'Visions of Church Flowers,' 2020. Courtesy of Charles Moffett Gallery and the artist.
"Death is always something I've lived with, especially growing up in Washington Heights at that time," Rivero said. "In a lot of ways, you could say that things have calmed down from that, but there's other things that have escalated too. Coming back from teaching in Massachusetts the other day, I was followed by a cop for 10 or 12 miles, really close, on a highway that was otherwise wide open without any traffic. I was like, 'should I let him pass?' I switched lanes and he followed. It felt like an eternity until he pulled off, and the entire time I was terrified and legitimately fearing for my life. No matter how successful I am or whatever neighborhood I move to, there's always this fear of death and having to be behave. There's this watching out and vigilance that I always have to have. The work in the show, even when it's not overtly figurative, depicts the lives of people who are being overstimulated by being careful and having to be cautious. So that resilience enters that space where I'm being defeated by a racist president, by a racist police force, by this deadly virus, I still hoop. I still have to go out there and do what I need to do."
Rivero is a trained musician and his time in the studio alternates between visual artmaking and music. In addition to art supplies, his 400-square-foot Bronx studio is packed with a drum set, keyboards, guitars, and various percussion instruments. When he paints, he feels that his hand moves in a system that is more connected to music than to painting in a traditional sense; as one example, all of his paintings start with him "shuffling" paint around on the canvas in a rhythmic fashion that correlates with the music he's listening to, and the works improvisationally find their narrative or figurative focuses along the way.
Rivero started working as a doorman in Gramercy Park in 1999, while still in high school. That skill set qualified him for a custodial job at David Zwirner in 2007, a role he held for three years until enrolling for his MFA.
Another predominant aspect of Rivero's life and art practice, tying into his perpetual fear of death as a person of color in America, is how his hybrid faith—stemming from a diverse religious upbringing that incorporated Christianity, Vodun, Santeria, and other Afro-Caribbean influenced spiritual practices—has informed his complex relationship with the idea of death.
Explained Rivero: "Faith has always been a comforting way to 'prepare for dying,' as a way to cope with that perpetual fear. The work often references a parallel world that may be the afterlife—it's almost dreamlike, combining so many aspects of my life and subconscious. The scenes are loosely familiar but feel like something is 'off' and not quite realistic. The more mystical aspects of my own spiritual practice are where my faith comes into the paintings. In my community growing up, my aunt was a well-known reader of Barajas, a Tarot-like divination tool that uses a Spanish card deck, where you can communicate with the ancestors. The work speaks directly to that, knowing that I'm part of a legacy that has an ability to connect with spiritual energies. Growing up, there was always death in the air like that. And in the paintings, a lot of the little symbols, the numbers and letters, they're about communing with that other side."
The works feature many aspects that allude to objects or elements of a Dominican-American upbringing.
Most principally, the work itself takes place in an imagined locale that combines Rivero's parents' homeland of rural Dominican Republic with the concrete landscape of Washington Heights and the Bronx. For instance, one painting, Lamps and Socks—which Rivero considers to be the most playful piece in the show—"riffs on the stereotype that Dominicans don't like to wear socks." The work itself, which takes place in a characteristically 'New York' street at night, depicts all of the socks sneaking out to gather and have fun, since according to the stereotype, they don't otherwise get to go outside. Rivero's use of light in the painting nostalgically represents the dim glow before the sun comes up, which he often experienced in his role as an overnight-shift doorman.
Rivero makes his own paint, sourcing powdered pigment and combining it with a homemade recipe of oils, beeswax, and solvents. Tying into the historical and intergenerational aspects of his practice, he prefers to work with historical art materials rather than prefab polymers. Whereas his practice has typically entailed the integration of mixed media and found objects, I Still Hoop is Rivero's first body of work composed entirely of paintings.
"All of these things do represent a resilience and a cultural identity, but underneath it, there's some real violence and real trauma," Rivero explains. "I want to play with the mess. I don't want to play with the clean, cookie-cutter image of things. The paintings always deal with a loss – a loss of a loved one, a neighborhood, a certain geography, a time. Fear of death is looming in general, and some of us don't have a choice but to live with the constant thought of mortality."
Due to the pandemic, I Still Hoop is on view by appointment only.
Black artistKenny Rivero
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Needing a sudden escape from the city, Robbie flees Brooklyn for the countryside to stay with his aunt who runs a home for pregnant teenagers. As the only man in the house, Robbie inadvertently becomes the object of the girls' attention... and affection. He eventually meets Nina, who is mature beyond her age and struggling with relationship troubles of her own. The more Robbie and Nina get to know each other, the more "complicated" their friendship becomes, stirring up jealously among the girls. In trying to save Nina from making the biggest mistake of her life, Robbie gets caught in a love triangle between Nina and her delinquent baby daddy, Chase.
Slice-of-life "New Yorker" magazine short - story kind of movie. Left unresolved at the end, which only heightens the mood of the various characters' uncertainty over which pathways to take at their lives' crossroads….
Jim is a reserved librarian whose workplace becomes a site for Nina's comic, literary and sexual escapades.
Excellent theme let down by a limp cliché ridden script.
There's no need to comment on the ending of a film when you're posting a review.
Some fascinating moments early on gives the promise of inventive storytelling, but it slowly shows itself to be as strictly formulaic as any Michael Bay movie.
Silver's most formally accomplished film thus far in his career is also the result of his least narrative and thematically accomplished.
It's reasonably well-made, reasonably well-acted and the emotions driving the characters well-defined. And perhaps that's why this film didn't resonate with me as much as it could have. I felt as though I had seen this all before, although admittedly not in this exact manner. Still, a good, albeit slow-paced, drama and anyone intrigued by the description will probably enjoy it sufficiently.


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Home Email
How to Send a Free Yahoo! E-Card Greeting
By Jimmy Boyd
i champagne illustration image by Cristina Cazan from Fotolia.com
The Internet provides many convenient ways to keep in touch with friends and family. Yahoo! and American Greetings run a joint service to help keep friends and family closer with Yahoo! e-card greetings. Anyone who wishes to send a greeting must sign up first for a free trial. You can then select e-cards and customize the greeting messages. You can send as many free e-cards as you want during the trial period.
Click the "Sign In" button on the Yahoo! Greetings page. You must click "Sign In" whether or not you have an existing Yahoo! account. Sign in if you have an existing account or create a new Yahoo! account if you do not have one. Click on the "Join Now" button on the Yahoo! Greetings page after you have logged in or created a new Yahoo! account. You must do both the "Sign In" and "Join Now" procedures to send e-cards.
Click on the "Join Now" button in the "Ecard Membership" offer section on the Yahoo! Greetings subscription page. You may sign up for a trial period to send free Yahoo! e-card greetings.
Fill out the subscription pages. Enter payment details to activate the two-week trial period and send Yahoo! e-card greetings for free. As of 2010, the subscription rate is $15.99 per year. You can cancel before the trial period is over to avoid paying any subscription fees. Register with a Visa, MasterCard, American Express, Discover Card or electronic check.
Use the "Find It Quick" or "Occasions" function on the Yahoo! Greetings page to select the kind of online greeting card you want. You can also search cards by recipient and card style with the "Find It Quick" function. Click on the "View Ecards" button when using the "Find It Quick" function to see the e-cards that match your selections.
Click on the card you want and then the "Personalize and Send" button. Type in the information requested and a personal message for the greeting card. Enter multiple email addresses separated by a comma or semicolon to send the Yahoo! e-card to multiple recipients. Click the "Deliver This Ecard" drop-down menu to select a date when you want the e-card to be delivered. You can send it up to one year from the date you create the card. Click the "Send Your Ecard" button to schedule the card for mailing.
Call or write to cancel your membership. You must call or write before the two-week trial is over to avoid the yearly subscription fee. Use the following contact information:
AmericanGreetings.com Attn: Customer Service One American Rd. Cleveland, OH 44144 866-228-2434 yahoo.americangreetings.com
Yahoo! and American Greetings: Yahoo! Greetings E-Cards
Yahoo! and American Greetings: Yahoo! Greetings Subscription Page
You can also get a free two-week trial to create and print your own physical greeting cards for free. As of 2010, the fee is $19.99 per year unless you cancel during the trial period. You can also combine the e-card and create-and-print services in a two-week free trial. As of 2010, the fee is $29.99 per year unless you cancel during the trial period.
Call to ensure that you cancel on time. Even a letter sent many days before may not arrive before the end of the trial period. You will have to pay and will not get a refund if you fail to cancel the free trial on time.
Jimmy Boyd has a law degree from Thomas M. Cooley Law School. He has been writing articles on law and a variety of other topics since 2004. His work appears at Lead-Generation-Tips.com, eHow and Hubpages.com.


The best lead-generation landing pages are simple, with clear headings, visuals, and explanatory bullets. This example is from Telerik, a software development platform.
B2B products and services are often complex. Closing the sale frequently takes time, with multiple interactions. Landing pages can capture leads and start the conversation.
In this post, I'll address eight ways to generate the most leads from B2B landing pages.
1. Start with a purpose. The goal for your landing page should influence its messaging, design, and call-to-action. A landing page should have a single purpose. An example is getting prospects to sign up for a free consultation.
Attempting multiple goals with one landing page can be confusing for users and underperform. Make the goal or purpose so clear that there is no room for interpretation. When a user completes the desired action, have a clear path to the end goal of closing the sale.
2. Focus on messaging and content.
Headline. Make the headline concise, clear, and prominent. It should persuade visitors to take action. Big letters, bold colors, and center-of-the-page placement work best, typically. I'm a proponent of the "2-second test." Can first-time readers understand it within 2 seconds?
Offer. The offer should be relevant to your prospects. It should provide enough value to entice them to leave their contact info (which buyers are often reluctant to do).
Copy. The landing-page copy should reflect your audience's understanding and intent. Visitors with less knowledge of your products require different copy than experts. You may need multiple versions of your landing page — one for new prospects and another for buyers who are ready to convert. To keep your audience engaged, use bullet points with short, prominent, compelling text. Place longer, in-depth copy lower on the page.
Visuals. Images can be effective. However, videos on landing pages are often more effective in my experience. Videos can be more engaging and increase time on page, improving conversions. I often lean on suppliers for co-branded videos.
3. Use a simple layout. Don't overthink your landing page layout. Keep it simple — a headline, visuals, copy, lead form, and call-to-action. Remember, this is not an entire website; it's a landing page with one purpose. B2B users want quick explanations and answers.
4. Utilize a landing page builder. The easiest and most affordable way to get started with landing pages is via a third-party platform. There are many tools that facilitate creating, launching, and managing landing pages. Unbounce, Instapage, Landingi, and Leadpages are among the most popular. These providers offer "drag and drop" functionality and integrate with other services, such as MailChimp and Google Analytics.
5. Say "thank you." Thank the landing-page visitors when they do what you want . Then direct them to the next step. This could be learning more about your company, sharing a case study, inviting them to engage on social media, or simply offering a complimentary cup of coffee via a digital gift card.
6. Target relevant traffic sources. Identify the best sources of traffic to your landing page, those that produce the most conversions. Test each source. Potential sources, in my experience, include the following.
Paid. Search, social media, remarketing, and display ads.
Word of mouth. A vanity URL can help here, too.
Existing channels, such as website, social media, public relations, directories, and online communities.
7. Choose key metrics. Focus on practical metrics that inform on traffic and conversions.
Users. How many people have visited your landing page?
Abandonment rate. How many people started filling out the form but did not complete it? This metric can indicate problems with form length, ease of use, and types of questions.
Conversion rate. Track the percentage of visitors that complete the desired action, such as completing a form or downloading an ebook.
Cost per conversion. How much does each conversion cost? Compare traffic sources in terms of cost per conversion.
Lead-to-customer rate. How many leads does it take to generate a customer? Leads are not worth much if they are not qualified and do not produce customers.
Cost per customer. Based on your lead-to-customer rate and cost per conversion, how much does it cost to produce a customer? Use this metric to work backward to determine how much to pay for web traffic.
8. Test and optimize. Use A/B testing to improve the performance of your landing page. Make two versions of your page. Split the traffic between both, and see which one performs better. Make one change at a time. It's difficult to test multiple changes simultaneously, as you don't know which one made a difference. Most landing-page providers make A/B testing simple. Key items to test, in my experience, are the headline, images and videos, call-to-action, copy, and the form (length and questions).


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Home Books The Color Atlas of Pediatrics
Chapter 105: Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome
Camille Sabella, MD; Charles B. Foster, MD
Sabella C, Foster CB. Sabella C, & Foster C.B. Sabella, Camille, and Charles B. Foster.Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome. In: Usatine RP, Sabella C, Smith M, Mayeaux EJ, Jr., Chumley HS, Appachi E. Usatine R.P., & Sabella C, & Smith M, & Mayeaux E.J., Jr., & Chumley H.S., & Appachi E(Eds.),Eds. Richard P. Usatine, et al.eds. The Color Atlas of Pediatrics. McGraw-Hill; Accessed January 19, 2021. https://accesspediatrics.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?bookid=1443&sectionid=79844200
Sabella C, Foster CB. Sabella C, & Foster C.B. Sabella, Camille, and Charles B. Foster. (2015). Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome. Usatine RP, Sabella C, Smith M, Mayeaux EJ, Jr., Chumley HS, Appachi E. Usatine R.P., & Sabella C, & Smith M, & Mayeaux E.J., Jr., & Chumley H.S., & Appachi E(Eds.),Eds. Richard P. Usatine, et al. The Color Atlas of Pediatrics. McGraw-Hill. https://accesspediatrics.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?bookid=1443&sectionid=79844200
Sabella C, Foster CB. Sabella C, & Foster C.B. Sabella, Camille, and Charles B. Foster. "Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome." The Color Atlas of Pediatrics Usatine RP, Sabella C, Smith M, Mayeaux EJ, Jr., Chumley HS, Appachi E. Usatine R.P., & Sabella C, & Smith M, & Mayeaux E.J., Jr., & Chumley H.S., & Appachi E(Eds.),Eds. Richard P. Usatine, et al. McGraw-Hill, 2015, https://accesspediatrics.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?bookid=1443&sectionid=79844200.
An 18-month-old girl is admitted to the hospital with fever, irritability, and a tender skin rash on her face. She also has developed facial swelling bilaterally and perioral crusting (Figure 105-1). Over the next 24 hours, the rash spreads to her neck and trunk and she develops flaccid blisters on the areas of rash on her neck and trunk. When gentle friction is applied to involved areas of the skin, the skin easily sloughs superficially (Nikolsky sign). She is treated with intravenous anti-staphylococcal antibiotics and recovers completely. A culture taken from her nares grows Staphylococcal aureus.
FIGURE 105-1
18-month-old girl with SSSS. Note the edema of the face, perioral crustiness, and extension of the erythema to the neck and trunk. Also note the thin desquamation on the chest and axilla. (Used with permission from Camille Sabella, MD.)
Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS) is a toxin-mediated illness mediated by exfoliative toxins A and B of Staphylococcus aureus.
Ritter syndrome (SSSS in neonates and young infants).
Occurs mainly in children under 5 years of age.
May also occur in neonates after becoming colonized or infected with a toxin-producing strain of S aureus (Ritter syndrome).
Exfoliative toxins A and B of S aureus are responsible for the manifestations of the illness.1,2
Mostly caused by S aureus belonging to phage group II, types 71 and 55.
Toxins are hematogenously spread and produce the fever and characteristic rash.
Toxin targets desmoglein 1, resulting in cleavage of the epidermis in a superficial location.3,4
Primary infection with toxin-producing S aureus at sites other than the skin, such as the umbilicus (in neonates), nasopharynx, or conjunctiva.
Fever, irritability, and tender erythema of the skin are common.
Facial edema with perioral and periocular crustiness is typical and may be the primary clinical features (Figures 105-2 to 105-4).
Flaccid blisters and superficial erosions form within 12 to 24 hours, and which progress to become widespread superficial peeling of the skin (Figure 105-5).
Gentle sheering of the skin often results in widespread separation (Nikolsky sign).
Desquamation of the skin often follows at the involved skin sites (Figure 105-6).5,6
One-month-old infant with SSSS. Note the crustiness on the face and facial edema. (Used with permission from Charles B. Foster, MD.)
Infant with edema and crustiness on the ...