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History (Western Civilization Essay examples
Submitted By knguye30
Italy, united
Italian and German Nationlist: Create their own country
Not been country-separate states
Revolution-Liberalism-failed to unite country
Adopt harder attitude: goal is being nation acquired a name "Realpolitik" (politics of realism)
"The end justifies the means" phrase
Count Cavour-practionner of Realpolitik. Want Repulic for Itality. He and his followers fought to achieve Intalian republic. Convinced by Gaibaldi that the country should be united under the monarchy
Gailbaldi: wants every Italian state
Saidmar Piemont (king) and Victor EmanelAustrian not want united ItalyWar of Italian Unification. Most of time Austrians were involved
The battle of Solferino bt Italian and Australians. Henri Dunant witnessed the battle and horrified the way the wound and the prisoners of war were treated. Pushed futher 1st Geneva Coventionthe creation of Internal Red Cross
1860- Italy is united.
Occurred in 10 years- French was there. Italian and nationalist moved to Rome
Pope named Pius IX. Declared themselves will not leave the Vatican
Vatican II-conference gathered church leaders, pop
Italy is more urban, industrial, richer. South of Rome: agriculture, farming and poor and divided
German: 30 different states and 3 different kingdoms.
Going to unified, largest state was Prussia
Important Figure: Otto Van Bismarck
Dominated Europe for 30 years
Was a Prussian aucristocrat united as junkersSummed up his attitude with the speech of his own called "Blood and Iron" speech. "Great question of the day will not be decided by speeches and resolution but by blood and iron."
1860, he became Chancellor= prime minister, united the Germany
3 separate wars:
Against Demark in the war (1864). Defeated quickly
Against Austria (1866). Dominated the central Europe. Provoked a second rule: give Austria a good ration
France (1870). Took longer. Against Napoleon III who was nephew of the famous Napoleon. Become a dictator and named "Emperor". Carl Marx: history repeated itself, first is tragedy, second as faults. Managed to provoke and blame as Napoleon's faults . Battle in Sedan: Prussia defeated the French and captured Napoleon III. Once captured, marched on Paris and forced France to surrender. Humiliating French: Required to pay huge preparation-Money compensation-costs of this war; German occupation in France. Gernmay armies in France: used his victory to convince the German state to Reich and have Prussian king to declar German emperor, or used German Title "Kaiser" in the palace of Versailles in the mirros. Sending message to the world: German, not France, a new central of Europe. Use the symbol of the power of the king to illustrate the central of power is moved from the paris to the German. Bismarck attacked 2 french provinces called Alsace and Larrence, added 2 of them to German emeror This is a crime and crime that has to be banished. Laying the foundation the grounding of the first war world: cause factor by Bismarck. Keiser and Emperor but also Reichotag. All german males have the right to vote above 25
German government was controlled by " Old Elites", Junkers, Armies. Prime minister or Chanellear/Parliament system: the only person who could dimiss the Chaneller is Kaiser or the emperor. Germany becomes the industrial power house, on the verge of taking Great Britain. German workers above 25 can vote and increase the numbers the German males worker voters. Voting for STD
Bismarck created the war 1st Welfare State: Socialist would tell and give you all the benefits and I can do sooner and better. The program is called " White Revolution". Instituted program like healthcare and the program he came up with the biggest impact not in the Itatly called social security (OH pension). Came up with the idea having the retirement age is 65 (USS). Age mortality at the time is 65, being freed. This idea of 65 cut off, migrated to other countries and United Stats and Britain. Infant mortality determine and drive
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Leioproctus incomptus är en biart som först beskrevs av Cockerell 1921.  Leioproctus incomptus ingår i släktet Leioproctus och familjen korttungebin. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

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// These implmentations are based on the intrinics implmentations
// of boost::atomic<> for GCC and MSVC. Here is the license and
// copyright from those files:

/*
 * Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0.
 * (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
 * http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2009 Helge Bahmann
 * Copyright (c) 2012 Tim Blechmann
 * Copyright (c) 2014 Andrey Semashev
 */

#ifndef __CASS_ATOMIC_INTRINSICS_HPP_INCLUDED__
#define __CASS_ATOMIC_INTRINSICS_HPP_INCLUDED__

// The slower, intrinsics-based implemenations of Atomic<>.

// Note: Please use the boost::atomic<> or std::atomic<>
// implementations when possible.

namespace cass {

enum MemoryOrder {
  MEMORY_ORDER_RELAXED = 0,
  MEMORY_ORDER_CONSUME = 1,
  MEMORY_ORDER_ACQUIRE = 2,
  MEMORY_ORDER_RELEASE = 4,
  MEMORY_ORDER_ACQ_REL = 6, // MEMORY_ORDER_ACQUIRE | MEMORY_ORDER_RELEASE
  MEMORY_ORDER_SEQ_CST = 14 // MEMORY_ORDER_ACQ_REL | 8
};

} // namespace cass

#if defined(__GNUC__)
#include "atomic_intrinsics_gcc.hpp"
#elif defined(_MSC_VER)
#include "atomic_intrinsics_msvc.hpp"
#else
#error Unsupported compiler!
#endif

#endif

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Home | Writings | How to Buy Salmon
How to Buy Salmon
| | 2updated Aug 10, 2020 | published May 06, 2016
posted by LC Editors | photo by Leigh Beisch
Adapted from Diane Morgan | Salmon | Chronicle Books, 2016
It can be downright confounding as you stand at the grocery store before the seafood counter to buy salmon and are confronted by gorgeous slabs of coral fish on ice, each with a different little sign crammed full of confusing and sometimes misleading marketing terms. Organic! Farm-raised! Wild-caught! Conventional! It's enough to make you slink over to the chips aisle. Before you resort to that, though check out the following cheat sheet, excerpted from author Diane Morgan's eminently encyclopedic book Salmon: Everything You Need To Know. Then step back to to the seafood counter with confidence.–Renee Schettler Rossi
Along with knowing how fresh the fish is, consumers rightfully want to know, now more than ever, where the fish is from and how it was raised. A story featured in the December 2011 edition of Consumer Reports identified widespread mislabeling of seafood sold at retail outlets and in restaurants. The cited study found that nearly 50 percent of the seafood tested in the New England area was incorrectly labeled. In 2013, Oceana, the largest international advocacy organization focused solely on ocean conservation, released a report on nationwide seafood fraud. With regard to salmon, the second-most-consumed fish in the United States, mislabeling was higher in restaurants (20 percent) and sushi venues (18 percent) than in grocery stores (5 percent). Salmon labeled as "wild salmon" was actually farmed salmon 27 percent of the time.
Why is this happening? Seafood commands a dear price in the market, and selling lesser fish at a premium price means bigger profits. If you think about it, it's an easy swap out for the less-than-reputable retailer or restaurateur. Fish, especially fully filleted fish, lose most of their distinguishing features when processed. Filleted fish, portioned fish, and especially fish turned into burgers, skewers, or sausages are hard for the average consumer to identify. Given the previous statistics on fraud, salmon burgers labeled or advertised as wild may actually be made from farmed salmon. Trust is key here. Shop at a trustworthy market, buy directly from a fisherman if you can, and ask questions at a restaurant. Finally, learn about the fish you like to eat. Learn the names of the species, such as king, coho, or sockeye for Pacific salmon, and learn the marketing names, the seasonality of the fish, and, best of all, eat it often enough to distinguish how it should taste.
For shopping for every type of seafood, I highly recommend you download the Monterey Bay Aquarium Seafood Watch guides on your smartphone or tablet. It is complete, up-to-date information that identifies specific fish and shellfish as a best choice, good alternative, or a specimen to avoid completely due to fishing practices, environmental factors, or sustainability issues. The list that follows will help you understand the often-confusing labels that appear on the little white signs stuck next to fillets indicating the origin of the fish and whether it is wild or farmed.
Most salmon labeled "organic" is actually farmed salmon originating from the North Atlantic, off the coasts of Ireland, Nova Scotia, and Scotland. Europe has had organic-certifying agencies in place for over fifteen years. Salmon farms with organic certification must operate in adherence with a strict set of standards.
You should not see any salmon, or for that matter any fish or seafood, labeled "certified organic." The USDA, which governs organic rules in this country, has not yet set standards for aquatic species. The USDA organic seal applies only to crops and animals raised on land that meet strict federal guidelines.
All-Natural Farm-Raised Salmon or Environmentally Sustainable Salmon
This is unregulated marketing language that pertains to farmed salmon. As consumer concern for the environment and the quality of the fish continues to grow, smaller aquaculture businesses are responding and adopting environmentally friendly and responsible aquatic-farming practices. Stocking densities are reduced, the feed is organic or plant based, the salmon are raised without the use of antibiotics, the pigment used in the feed is from a natural source, and the use of pesticides to treat sea lice is strongly restricted. In addition, a relatively new method of salmon farming involves growing fish in tanks in inland locations away from the native habitat of wild fish stocks. This is a promising development in aquaculture, though it is also more expensive than raising salmon in open net pens in protected ocean coves.
Conventionally Farmed Salmon
Typically, Atlantic salmon is farm-raised by large multinational corporations using dense stocking practices, nonorganic feed, antibiotics to maintain the health of the salmon, and pesticides to control disease. Almost always the least expensive of all salmon sold, these fish most often come from Europe, British Columbia, Chile, and U.S. coastal states.
Boutique Branding of Farmed Salmon
Aquaculture producers trying to distinguish their farmed salmon in the marketplace— because of the environmentally sensitive and, in some cases, patented practices they follow—have branded their salmon and sought approval from seafood watchdogs like the Monterey Bay Aquarium Seafood Watch program. Among them is Verlasso, a proprietary brand of AquaChile, which is the largest producer of farmed salmon in Chile. Verlasso has received a "good alternative" recommendation from the Monterey Bay Aquarium program. Following is the aquarium's detailed summary illustrating how cautious and focused these watchdog groups are on educating the consumer.
Verlasso was given a 'good alternative' designation because it uses a genetically modified yeast as a feed ingredient, thereby reducing its reliance on fishmeal and fish oil from wild fish. The salmon are farmed at lower densities than typical industry standards, and while chemical use is lower than the norm in Chile, antibiotic and pesticide use for Verlasso remains a high concern.
Despite the open nature of its net pens, Verlasso has demonstrated an improvement upon the issues surrounding pollution and habitat damage. Atlantic salmon are not native, but studies show these salmon are very unlikely to establish self-sustaining wild populations in Chile. While disease has caused production problems in Chile as a whole, the potential effects on wild Chilean fish are not currently a high concern and therefore the risk of impacts from both escape and disease events are now considered moderate. Verlasso Salmon is sold in the United States as the brands Verlasso and Verlasso Harmoniously Raised Fish.
These are salmon that are caught in their natal waters by commercial or tribal fishermen using the troll, drift-gill-net, or purse-seine fishing method, all of which are tightly regulated by state fishery management agencies.
Wild-Caught Salmon
A campaign to boost the image of Pacific salmon caught off the coast of California, Oregon, and Washington had to back off from using the word wild because fish activists objected, as many of the salmon caught off the Pacific coast are reared in hatcheries. These fish are now labeled "wild-caught salmon." In Alaska, hatchery-reared salmon account for about 30 percent of the catch. In the lower forty-eight states, hatcheries account for more than 50 percent of the salmon caught.
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Excerpted from Salmon © Diane Morgan. © 2016 LC Editors. Photo © Leigh Beisch. All rights reserved. All materials used with permission.
About LC Editors
Over the years, Leite's Culinaria has been incredibly fortunate to have many different editors contributing to the site, with each person bringing a different approach to home cooking and the recipes they select. As a result, our recipes are a marvelously varied bunch, comprising quick weeknight fixes we call WEEKNIGHT WINNERS that are as easy as they are enticing, more leisurely recipes that are essentially WEEKEND PROJECTS, those must-master dishes you'll find in THE ARSENAL, and easy and impressive recipes worthy of company we refer to as HONEST ENTERTAINING. Rest assured, we first make each and every recipe that eventually ends up on this site in our own home kitchens before deciding if it's sufficiently stunning to share with you. That's a little about us. You'll find more of our personalities in the recipes on the site. We're curious to hear which recipes appeal most to you, so don't be shy. Let us know what you like and what you'd like to see more of on our site in a comment.
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Emily Lints says:
Thanks Diane and Leite's for helping everyone be better educated about buying salmon. It's so important to know what we are buying and eating!
Couldn't agree more, Emily. And you're welcome!