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Johan August Malmström (Västra Ny, 14 oktober 1829 - Stockholm, 18 oktober 1901) was een Zweedse kunstschilder die werkte in de stijl van het symbolisme. Malmström was tevens boekillustrator en professor aan de Kungliga Konsthögskolan Stockholm (Koninklijke Academie voor Schone Kunsten) in Stockholm.

Levensloop
Malmström werd geboren in de parochie Västra Ny op de boerderij Nubbekullen, waarin nu een museum gevestigd is. Zowel zijn vader en grootvader waren timmerlieden en Malmström hielp hen in zijn jonge jaren bij de inrichting van nabijgelegen kerken.

Toen hij 21 jaar was kreeg hij de mogelijkheid om naar Stockholm te reizen, waar hij van 1849 tot 1856 studeerde aan de kunstacademie. In 1856 verhuisde hij naar Düsseldorf. Het jaar daarop ontving hij voor zijn naar Zweden opgestuurde schilderijen een Koninklijke onderscheiding en een reisbeurs, waarmee hij naar Parijs vertrok. Hij keerde in 1858 kortstondig terug naar Düsseldorf om samen met de Noorse schilder Hans Fredrik Gude het schilderij Vikingen op het strand te voltooien. Daarna vertrok Malmström weer naar Parijs, waar hij een leerling werd van Thomas Couture, die met zijn schilderstijl grote invloed zou hebben op de jonge Malmström.

Van 1859 tot 1860 en in 1863 ondernam Malmström studiereizen naar Italië. In 1864 keerde hij terug naar Stockholm waar hij een betrekking aannam als docent aan de kunstacademie.

Naast zijn vrije schilderwerk maakte Malmström ook veel boekillustraties. Zo maakte hij in 1868 prentwerk voor de Fritjofs saga van Esaias Tegnér en in 1888 veertien schilderijen voor een hernieuwde editie van datzelfde gedicht. In 1880 verscheen het werk Sagan om Ragnar Lodbrok och hans söner van Peter August Gödecke met illustraties van Malmström. Ook Fähnrich Stahl door Johan Ludvig Runeberg werd door hem geïllustreerd.

Malmström liet bij zijn overlijden negentien olieverfschilderijen en vele tekeningen na die betrekking hadden op de Njáls saga. Verder maakte Malmström tekeningen voor de krant Ny illustrerad Tidning en bijvoorbeeld voor de boeken van Peter Christen Asbjørnsen en Zacharias Topelius.

Van 1887 tot 1893 was Malmström directeur van de onderwijsafdeling van de Academie voor Schone Kunsten. In 1894 gaf hij ook zijn functie als hoogleraar op. Hij was sinds de oprichting in 1869 lid van de bestuurscommissie van de Zweedse vereniging voor geschiedenisonderzoek, Fornminnesförening.

Werk (selectie)
 Kung Heimer och Aslög (1857)
 Ingeborg mottager underrättelsen om Hjalmars död (1859)
 Blenda uppmanar Värendskvinnorna till strid
 Bråvalla slag
 Älvalek (1866)
 Kung Sverres tåg till Norge (1866)
 Sista paret ut
 Skvallerbyttan
 Grindslanten (1885)
 En anatomilektion (Professor Curman en zijn leerlingen, 1894)

Zweeds kunstschilder

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


"Little Witch Academia: Chamber of Time is a heart-pounding 3D action RPG beat 'em up featuring an original storyline carved from the popular anime series by Studio Trigger.
Little Witch Academia: Chamber of Time features main characters from the anime and original storylines for players to explore as they make their way through Luna Nova Magical Academy."
"Having been inspired by a famous witch named Shiny Chariot, an ordinary girl named Atsuko (Akko) Kagari enrolls at Luna Nova Magical Academy, a prestigious school for young girls training to become witches. Before starting summer vacation, Akko and her new classmates find out about an inexplicable phenomenon at Luna Nova caused by the Seven Wonders, which has been passed down for several centuries. Now it's up to Akko as she takes on the adventure to unravel the mystery surrounding the Seven Wonders."


The idea for this story was fantastic.
BFFs to more is one of our favorite storylines, but this story was just too unbelievable. First of all, no teenagers use facebook. Do they? We guess if these kids were 12, the book would be more realistic.
Aside from that, the characters were okay, but we didn't really care about them or if they got together. You'd think two best friends wouldn't have such communication issues. We're total YA lovers, but this was just too much drama, even for us. And that's saying something.


We were proud to present the Phillippo family scholarships, as well as the Pioneer State Mutual Insurance Company Merit Scholarship, to the Stephenson High School Class of 2017!
This high-achieving class of 43 students took home 80 scholarships with a combined valued of over a million dollars last night! Congratulations to the entire class of 2017 – we are SO PROUD of you!
This entry was tagged Community, Education, Giving, Scholarship. Bookmark the permalink.


text:
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Two UC Davis faculty named Fellows of the ...
Awards and HonorsDecember 8, 2022
Two UC Davis faculty named Fellows of the National Academy of Inventors
By Lisa Howard
The prestigious program highlights academic inventors who have demonstrated a spirit of innovation
Two UC Davis faculty members, Nancy E. Lane and Justin Siegel, have been named Fellows of the National Academy of Inventors (NAI), the highest professional distinction awarded to academic inventors. The NAI announced the 2022 class of fellows today (Dec. 8).
Recipients are selected based on their "demonstrated spirit of innovation in creating or facilitating outstanding inventions that have made a tangible impact on the quality of life, economic development, and the welfare of society," according to the academy.
"This year's class of NAI Fellows represents a truly outstanding caliber of innovators. Each of these individuals has made significant impact through their work and are highly regarded in their respective fields," said NAI President Paul R. Sanberg.
Contributions to fields of osteoporosis and osteoarthritis
Nancy E. Lane
Nancy E. Lane is a distinguished professor of medicine, rheumatology, and aging research at the UC Davis School of Medicine. She is an internationally recognized scientist who has made major contributions to the fields of musculoskeletal diseases of aging, including osteoporosis and osteoarthritis.
Lane discovered a compound, Llp2a-alendronate, that has the potential to improve common types of bone degeneration by directing stem cells to the surface of diseased bones to regrow new tissue. The compound also has the potential to increase bone mass and strength in bones with osteoporosis. She holds three patents in the field of osteoporosis, which have been licensed to Rabome, Inc.
Lane is the recipient of numerous prestigious awards for her outstanding work on bone and mineral research. She has published over 430 peer-reviewed articles. Lane was elected a Fellow of the American Association for Advancement of Science and is a member of the National Academy of Medicine and Association of American Physicians.
Engineering enzymes to improve health
Justin Siegel is an associate professor in the departments of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, and the Genome Center. He is the director of the UC Davis Innovation Institute for Food and Health. He is also the Arthur and Carlyse Ciocca Visiting Professor in Innovation and Entrepreneurship in the Graduate School of Management.
Siegel is a leader in computational enzyme engineering and discovery, focusing on discovering catalysts that improve health and environmental outcomes.
Siegel holds more than 100 global patents and co-founded eight startups in the last ten years. These include PvP Biologics, which developed an enzyme to digest gluten, Peak B, a startup developing naturally-derived blue food coloring (blue is the rarest food color in nature), Digestiva, a technology company allowing people to eat the foods they love and get the health benefits they desire, and VinZymes, a technology company helping the wine industry adapt to climate change.
Siegel is a founding member of six international organizations, including FoodShot Global, an international consortium for awarding and highlighting impactful innovation to help transform the world's food system.
To date, NAI Fellows hold more than 58,000 issued U.S. patents, which have generated over 13,000 licensed technologies and companies, and created more than one million jobs. In addition, over $3 trillion in revenue has been generated based on NAI Fellow discoveries.
The 2022 class of Fellows will be inducted at the 12th Annual Meeting of the National Academy of Inventors on June 27, 2023, in Washington, D.C. The complete list of NAI Fellows is available here.
General Health NewsSchool of MedicineAwards and Honors
4 from UC Davis honored with Business Journal's 40 Under 40 award
David Lubarsky recognized as one of the '100 Most Influential People' in health care
Wiedeman honored at Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society event
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text:
«Соседи» () — австралийская мыльная опера, которая стартовала на канале Seven Network 18 марта 1985 года. На 21 декабря 2021 сериал состоит из 37 сезонов, состоящих из 8000 серий. Сериал занимает 8 место в десятке самых длинных сериалов за всю историю телевидения. Сериал был создан Регом Уотсоном, который предложил идею сделать шоу, которое сосредоточено на реальных историях и изображало бы взрослых и подростков, которые открыто говорят и решают свои проблемы. После успеха предыдущего проекта Уотсона «Sons and Daughters», Seven Network решилось на трансляцию нового сериала. Однако рейтинги первого сезона в Сиднее оказались крайне низкими, и было принято решение о закрытии сериала. Канал приложил все усилия, чтобы сериал не смогла восстановить ни одна телесеть. После покупки прав на производство, канал Network Ten был вынужден заново создавать персонажей и прописывать реплики. Network Ten начали показ сериала 20 января 1986 года с 171 эпизода оригинального шоу. С тех пор сериал стал самым продолжительным в истории австралийского телевидения и вошёл в зал славы Logie Award. 11 января 2011 года «Соседи» переехали на новый цифровой канал Eleven (в настоящее время 10 Peach).

Сериал рассказывает о жизни и проблемах обычных людей, живущих в вымышленном пригороде Мельбурна — Эринсборо. Действие в основном происходит в домах жителей Рэмси-стрит и прилегающих улиц, а также в баре, кафе, отеле и офисе местной газеты, которые располагаются в Комплексе Лэсситер. Сериал начался с трёх семей — Рэмси, Робинсоны и Кларки. Уотсон хотел показать три семьи, которые живут рядом и с которыми постоянно происходят разные истории. Робинсоны и Рэмси старейшие жители Эринсборо, которые находятся в состоянии постоянного противостояния, вовлекая при этом всех остальных соседей в своё соперничество.

Сериал снимался в районе Южный Вермонт, на востоке Мельбурна. Жители района настолько влюбились в героев сериала, что с радостью позволяют снимать все натурные сцены на своих улицах и в своих дворах. Интерьерные съёмки проходят на студии Global Television (Australia) в соседнем районе Мельбурна Форест-Хилл.

Каждая серия «Соседей» имеет 22 минуты экранного времени. Трансляция осуществляется по всей стране по будням в 18:30. Дистрибуцией сериала занимается британская компания FremantleMedia. На данный момент сериал «Соседи» является одним из самых успешных экспортных продуктов Австралии. «Соседи» впервые были показаны в Великобритании в октябре 1986 года на BBC One, где он достиг огромной популярности среди британских зрителей в конце 1980-х и 1990-х годов. В 2008 году он переехал на Channel 5 в Великобритании. С 2018 года сериал стал первой австралийской драмой идущей в течение всего года, после заключения нового контракта с Channel 5.

Ссылки

 Сериал «Соседи» на сайте TVCom
 Сериал «Соседи» на сайте Allrovi
 Сериал «Соседи» Официальный австралийский сайт
 Сериал «Соседи» Официальный британский сайт
 Все о сериале «Соседи»  на сайте theSoapShow
 The Official Neighbours Night Website
 The Official Neighbours Tour Website

Мыльные оперы Австралии
Телесериалы Австралии 1980-х годов
Программы телеканала Seven Network
Программы телеканала Network Ten
Телесериалы на английском языке


text:
JOHN HARVEY MANSION
10 ROOMS OF ELEGANCE IN DOWNTOWN DETROIT
DESTINATION DETROIT
Designed by famous architect John V. Smith, the inn was completed in 1876 as a private home for philanthropist John Harvey and his family. At several times throughout history, the inn reigned as the most expensive private home in Detroit. A recent painstaking renovation has restored the building to its original glory with the same careful attention to detail for which its architect was admired. The Inn at 97 Winder achieved acceptance into the National Register of Historic Places in 1991. It is truly a standout among Detroit hotels.
97 Winder Street, Detroit, MI 48201 USA
reservations@theinnat97winder.com
Privacy, logo, and Incite copy
CAREERS | PRIVACY POLICY | ACCESSIBILITY STATEMENT | TERMS & CONDITIONS


text:
Q: Haskell, Hackage, GHC and productivity. What to do? For a year I've been a rookie haskeller ("rookie haskeller" forever, I think).  I have coded little haskell programs (eg. a very simple snake game) but package dependencies and ghc failed versions is hard for me when I have to use certain libraries.
Selecting the correct ghc version is an art, I think.
Too new, and libraries fail (eg. yesod was updated to 7.4 recently; grapefruit-ui-gtk currently fails).
Too old, and libraries are obsolete and yet not supported.
HackageDB and its develeopers are fantastic, but I feel clumsy and don't know the correct way to develop a serious program.
What I must do? Am I too inexperienced? Is the hard way the only way?
(Excuse me if question is too general)

A: Stick to the Haskell Platform.
It exists to standardize a stable release of GHC over each 6 month period, so you don't have to guess which GHC to use.

A: I don't think the problem you've described has anything to do with inexperience. This is just something that happens. Some suggestions:
As a general rule, don't upgrade your Haskell platform (or ghc) until you know that all of the packages you rely on support the new version. You can run multiple versions of the platform side-by-side if you want the latest and greatest, but also need to use an old version for some things.
Contact the maintainer, and ask when they're upgrading the package. Nine times out of ten, all they need to do is modify the cabal file, recompile, and re-upload. To find their email address, search hackage for the package name, and look for the word "Maintainer" in the banner.
As a dirty workaround: You can try modifying the the cabal file yourself (Tack on a ".1" to the end of the version number for the package to avoid version conflicts, and update the required version number for base), and then see if it compiles. I've done this successfully on a few occasions, and then sent an update to the maintainer using GitHub or whatever they're using.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
DMX's household addresses rumors about its masters, funerals, and items
According to TMZ, DMX's family has stopped pending rumors about the late rapper's masters, finances, and merchandise.
The family brought up a now viral rumor that Jay-Z and Beyoncé were allegedly planning to buy DMX's Masters and return them to his children.
The master rumor was shared by multiple Twitter accounts, including Phenomenal Reporters (@phenoreporters).
"Jay Z is doing another legendary act for hip hop culture," the tweet reads. "Jay Z and Beyonce are buying back DMX's Masters for $ 10,000,000.00 and giving them to his 17 children for free."
According to the DMX family, this master rumor has no value and its masters "don't play with the music and business moguls". Although Def Jam has some masters under control, the masters at DMX do not belong directly to Jay-Z, according to TMZ.
The family also wants "fans to be careful" when scammers solicit money for funeral expenses and others selling DMX merchandise. Currently, the DMX family does not raise capital or sell goods.
Unfortunately, on April 9, 2021, we reported the death of Earl 'DMX' Simmons. He was 50 years old at the time. DMX reportedly had a drug overdose at his home a week before he died. The overdose triggered a heart attack that led to the legend's hospitalization at White Plains Hospital in New York. After a week of monitoring, testing, and life support, the doctors could no longer detect any brain activity.
His family released a statement to XXL confirming DMX's death and offering additional details.
"Earl was a warrior who fought to the end," the statement said. "He loved his family dearly and we appreciate the time we spent with him. Earl's music has inspired countless fans around the world and his iconic legacy will live forever. "
The declaration ended with a word of thanks for the "love and support" in an "incredibly difficult time".
"Please respect our privacy as we mourn the loss of our brother, father, uncle and the man who knew the word as DMX," the statement continued. "We will share information about his memorial service as soon as the details are clear."
Roommate, we continue to keep his family and friends in our prayers.
Would you like updates directly in your text inbox? Contact us at 917-722-8057 or https://my.community.com/theshaderoom
Former Trump lawyer Michael Cohen asks the choose to droop his sentence
Consultants see innovation and pop-up shops


text:
Obba is a genus of air-breathing land snails in the subfamily Camaeninae of the family Camaenidae.

Species
Species within the genus Obba include:
 Obba basidentata (L. Pfeiffer, 1857)
 Obba bigonia (Férussac, 1823)
 Obba bulacanensis (Hidalgo, 1888)
 Obba bustoi (Hidalgo, 1887)
 Obba calcar (Martens, 1864)
 Obba camelus (L. Pfeiffer, 1855)
 Obba columbaria (G. B. Sowerby I, 1841)
 Obba flavopicta (Quadras & Möllendorff, 1894)
 Obba gallinula (L. Pfeiffer, 1845)
 Obba hemiodon (Möllendorff, 1898)
 Obba horizontalis (L. Pfeiffer, 1845)
 Obba kochiana (Möllendorff, 1888)
 Obba lasallii (Eydoux, 1838)
 Obba listeri (Gray, 1825)
 Obba livesayi (L. Pfeiffer, 1860)
 Obba louiseae Thach, 2016
 Obba marginata (Müller, 1774)
 Obba marmorata (Möllendorff, 1898)
 Obba mesai Bartsch, 1939
 Obba moricandi (L. Pfeiffer, 1842)
 Obba morongensis (Möllendorff, 1889)
 Obba papilla (Müller, 1774)
 Obba parmula (Broderip, 1841)
 Obba planulata (Lamarck, 1822)
 Obba platyzona (Möllendorff, 1890)
 Obba quoyi (Deshayes, 1838)
 Obba reeveana (L. Pfeiffer, 1846)
 Obba rota (Broderip, 1841)
 Obba saranganica (Hidalgo, 1887)
 Obba scrobiculata (L. Pfeiffer, 1842)
 Obba subhorizontalis (Möllendorff, 1894)
 Obba viridiflava (Möllendorff, 1894)
Species brought into synonymy
 Obba heroica (L. Pfeiffer, 1855): synonym of Obba papilla (Müller, 1774) (superseded combination)
 Obba lasallei (Eydoux, 1838): synonym of Obba lasallii (Eydoux, 1838) (invalid: incorrect subsequent spelling)

References

 Bank, R. A. (2017). Classification of the Recent terrestrial Gastropoda of the World. Last update: July 16th, 2017

External links
 Beck, H. (1837). Index molluscorum praesentis aevi musei principis augustissimi Christiani Frederici. 1-124. Hafniae
 Morgan J. de. (1885). Mollusques terrestres & fluviatiles du Royaume de Pérak et des pays voisins (Presqu'ile Malaise). Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France. 10: 353-428.
 Semper, C. (1870-1885). Reisen im Archipel der Philippinen, Theil 2. Wissenschaftliche Resultate. Band 3, Landmollusken. Wiesbaden: Kreidel.
 Hartmann, J.D.W. (1840-1844). Erd- und Süsswasser-Gasteropoden der Schweiz. Mit Zugabe einiger merkwürdigen exotischen Arten, i-xx, 1-36, pl. 1-2
 Albers, J. C. (1850). Die Heliceen nach natürlicher Verwandtschaft systematisch geordnet. Berlin: Enslin. 262 pp

Camaenidae


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text:
2019年河南省洛阳市汝阳县实验高中高三(卫星班)入学摸底考试英语试题
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19 届(高三)上期入学摸底测试 英语科目试题 说明: 1.本试卷分不包含听力,满分 120 分,考试时间 100 分钟。 2.将选择题答案代表字母填(涂)在第Ⅱ卷的答题表(答题卡)中。 第一部分 听力(略) 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分 40 分) 第一节 (共 15 小题;每小题 2 分,满分 30 分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上 将该项涂黑。 A The Costa Book Awards consistently pick winners that are both of the moment and subsequently endure. It's our pleasure to confirm this year's Category Winners. First Novel Award Winner Book: Eleanor Oliphant is Completely Fine Author: Gail Honeyman Eleanor is 31 years old; work finishes on a Friday and begins again on a Monday. Between, her only company will be two bottles of vodka and her own solitary, unique wit . It is contentment, of a kind, but an unexpected shared experience suddenly opens the door to possibility. Challenging reader expectations with a living, breathing character, Gail Honeyman's debut is a funny and moving diamond. Biography Award Winner Book: In the Days of Rain Author: Rebecca Stott The Exclusive Brethren were a closed community who believed the world is ruled by Satan. Into this is born Rebecca. Her father had been an influential Brethren Minister. As her father lay dying, he begged her to help him write the memoir. He wanted to tell the story of their family who for generations had all been members of a fundamentalist Christian sect. Poetry Award Winner Book: Inside the Wave Author: Helen Dunmore To be alive is to be inside the wave, always travelling until it breaks and is gone. These poems are concerned with the borderline between the living and the dead — the underworld and the human living world – and the acutely intense being of both. Children's Award Winner Book: The Explorer Author: Katherine Rundell, Hannah Horn Four children survive their aircraft plunging into the Amazon jungle, but for Fred and his friends it's only the beginning of a cruel battle for survival. Brimming with adventure and a real command of character and incident, Rundell has few peers in superb children's fiction. 21. What kind of life does Eleanor lead? A. boring and lonely. B. funny and touching. C. exciting and complex. D. ordinary and happy. 22. Why did Rebecca Stott write In the Days of Rain? 高三  英语试题 第 1页(共 8 页)  A. To introduce beliefs of the Exclusive Brethren. B. To help her father fulfill his last wish. C. To share the life of fundamentalist Christians. D. To pass on her family traditions. 23. For a young adventurous soul, which book seems more appealing? A. Eleanor Oliphant is Completely Fine B. In the Days of Rain C. Inside the Wave D. The Explorer B The freezing Northeast hasn't been a terribly fun place to spend time this winter, so when the chance came for a weekend to Sarasota, Florida, my bags were packed before you could say "sunshine". I left for the land of warmth and vitamin C, thinking of beaches and orange trees. When we touched down to blue skies and warm air, I sent up a small prayer of gratefulness. Swimming pools, wine tasting, and pink sunsets(at normal evening hours, not 4 in the afternoon) filled the weekend, but the best part—particularly to my taste, dulled by months of coldweather root vegetables—was a 7 am adventure to the Sarasota farmers' market that proved to be more than worth the early wakeup call. The market, which was founded in 1979, sets up its tents every Saturday from 7 am to 1 pm, rain or shine, along North Lemon and State streets. Baskets of perfect red strawberries; the redpainted sides of the Java Dawg coffee truck; and most of all, the tomatoes: amazing, large, soft and round red tomatoes. Disappointed by many a broken, vineripened( 蔓 上 成 熟 的 ) promise, I've refused to buy winter tomatoes for years. No matter how attractive they look in the store, once I get them home they're unfailingly dry, hard, and tasteless. But I homed in, with uncertainty, on one particular table at the Brown's Grove Farm's stand, full of fresh and soft tomatoes the size of my fist. These were the real deal—and at that moment, I realized that the best part of Sarasota in winter was going to be eating things that back home in New York I wouldn't be experiencing again for months. Delighted as I was by the tomatoes in sight, my happiness deepened when I learned that Brown's Grove Farm is one of the suppliers for Jack Dusty, a newly opened restaurant at the Sarasota Ritz Carlton, where—luckily for me—I was planning to have dinner that very night. Without even seeing the menu, I knew I'd be ordering every tomato on it. 24. What did the author think of her winter life in New York? A.Exciting. B.Boring. C.Relaxing. D.Annoying. 25. What made the author's getting up early worthwhile? A.Having a swim. B.Breathing in fresh air. C.Walking in the morning sun. D.Visiting a local farmers' market. 26. What can we learn about tomatoes sold in New York in winter? A.They are soft. B.They look nice. C.They taste great. D.They are juicy. 27. What was the author going to do that evening? 高三  英语试题 第 2页(共 8 页)  A.Go to a farm. C.Eat in a restaurant.  B.Check into a hotel. D.Buy fresh vegetables. C  The World Health Organization warns that millions of people are dying every year from indoor air pollution. The WHO finds that poor cooking, heating and lighting technologies are killing millions of people each year. Indoor air pollution results from the use of dangerous fuels and cookstoves in the home. To help fight the problem, the WHO announced, new guidelines aimed at reducing household pollutants. WHO officials say nearly three billion people are unable to use clean fuels and technologies for cooking, heating and lighting. And they say more than seven million people die from exposure to indoor or outdoor air pollution each year. Of that number, the WHO says about 4. 3 million people die from household air pollution given off by simple coal cookstoves. WHO officials say indoor pollution leads to early deaths from stroke, heart and lung disease. The main victims are women and girls in developing countries, where they usually stay at home and do the household work. Carlos Dora is Coordinator in the WHO's Department of Public Health, Environmental and Social Determinants of Health. He says people should not use unprocessed coal and kerosene (煤油) fuel indoors. He says opening a window or door to let out the harmful air will not improve the situation. It will only pollute the outdoors. Nigel Bruce is a professor of Public Health at the University of Liverpool. He says researchers are developing good cookstoves and other equipment to burn fuels in a more efficient way. WHO experts note some new, safe and lowcost technologies that could help are already available. In India, you can buy an induction (电磁) stove for about $ 8.00. And in Africa you can buy a solar lamp for less than $ 1. 00. But, this, the agency says, is just a start. It is urging developing countries to use cleaner fuels and increase access to cleaner and more modern cooking and heating appliances. 28. What does "the problem" in paragraph 1 refer to? A. Indoor air pollution. B. Cooking habits. C. Poor cook—stove. D. Use of natural gas. 29. Why are women and girls the main victims of the indoor pollution? A. They are very weak in the developing countries. B. They are more sensitive to the indoor pollution. C. They are exposed to the indoor pollution more. D. They are lack of doing more exercise outdoors. 30. Which of the following is a good way to avoid indoor air pollution? A. To open a window while cooking. B. To use unprocessed coal indoors. C. To promote the cleaner and modern cooking appliances. D. To popularize the traditional cook— stoves in the home. 31. What is the best title of the text? 高三  英语试题 第 3页(共 8 页)  A. How to prevent pollution B. How to protect women and girls C. Indoor pollution kills millions each year D. The importance of health in developing countries D Decision-making can be extremely difficult. Decision-making styles are significantly different. in different cultures. In any approach to a problem and in any negotiations, the Western world turns to the "I to you" approach while Japan, the "you to you" approach. The former means both sides present their arguments openly from their own point of view. Naturally, often comes a confrontation ( 冲 突 ) situation, which Westerners are very skillful in dealing with. The latter is based on each side trying to understand the other person's point of view. Thus, the direction of the meeting is a mutual (相 互的) attempt to reduce confrontation and achieve harmony. Besides, Western decision-making goes mostly from top management and often does not consult middle management or the worker. However, in Japan great consideration is given to the thoughts and opinions of everyone at all levels. Based on "bottom-up direction", ideas can be created at the lowest levels, travel upward through an organization and have an effect on the final decision. Difference in decision-making also comes from different communication styles. The Japanese business person works to achieve harmony, even if the deal falls through, and will spend whatever time is necessary to determine a "you to you" approach, communicating personal views only indirectly. They put a thorough job above the Western deadline approach. So the Japanese are thorough in their meetings. Thus Americans are often annoyed by the many meetings in many Japanese businesses. But where the American is pressing for a specific decision, the Japanese is trying to think up a rather broad direction. On the other hand, once a given agreement is made, it is the Japanese who sometimes wonder at the slow pace in which Westerners carry out the decision. The Japanese are eager to move forward and Westerners, perhaps, lag behind as they take the time for in-depth planning. 32. A Japanese business bases its decision _____. A. on top-down direction B. on nothing but its workers' views C. on bottom-up direction D. only on its top leaders' opinions 33. The text mainly tells us that Japan and the Western world _____. A. face great difficulty in making decisions B. are different in decision-making styles C. have all members contribute to a decision D. have two approaches:"I to you" and "you to I" 34. Which of the following is TRUE of the Westerners? A. They carry out the decision once it is made. B. There are many meetings in their businesses. C. They work to achieve harmony in doing business. 高三  英语试题 第 4页(共 8 页)  D. They are good at handling confrontation situation. 35. The author's attitude towards Japanese decision-making is _____. A. positive B. critical C. negative D. casual 第二节 (共 5 小题;每小题 2 分,满分 10 分) 根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 选项。 Teenagers are especially likely to suffer loneliness. Here are some suggestions for speeding a recovery from loneliness. Reach out to others, but start small. A smile and a friendly greeting for the student behind It also can make it easier to you in line at the cafeteria won't make you best friends. 36 interact the next time. Find a safe place to make connections. If going to the school dance makes you feel like you just don't belong, try joining a special-interest group. Maybe it's the drama club or the marching band. 37 Find other ways of making connections. Lonely people hunger for acceptance and friendship, Sometimes feeling accepted and liked comes more easily when you do something for others. 38 Teach a child in reading. Take notes for a disabled classmate. You might be surprised at the connections you make after reaching out in these ways. Loneliness is an absence of quality friendships, not of a particular quantity of friends. 39 That's why it's important to know how to select a friend. The best friendships are those based on similar values and attitudes. You get what you expect, so expect the best. If you expect others to be friendly, you will behave in similar ways. It goes away as teens learn how to find their way through their social world and 40 connect with others. A. But it will make you both feel pretty good. B. So consider becoming a volunteer. C. Some teens aren't so adaptable, however. D. Encourage people to be friendlier to you. E. Choose the right people. F. For most young people, loneliness is only temporary. G. Look for a group that allows you to ease in gradually. 第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节,满分 45 分) 第一节 完形填空(共 20 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 30 分) 阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的 最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 The requirements for high school graduation have just changed in my community. As a result, all students must 41 sixty hours of service learning, 42 they will not receive a diploma. of service learning Service learning is academic learning that also helps the community. 43 高三  英语试题 第 5页(共 8 页)  include cleaning up a polluted river, working in a soup kitchen, or tutoring a student. 44 a about what they have service experience, students must keep a journal and then write a 45 learned. Supporters claim that there are many 46 of service learning. Perhaps most importantly, students are forced to think 47 their own interests and become 48 of the needs of others. Students are also able to learn real life skills that 49 responsibility, problems solving, and 51 service learning. working as part of a team. 50 ,students can explore possible careers For example,if a student wonders what teaching is like, he or she can choose to work in an elementary school classroom a few afternoons each month. 52 there are many benefits, opponents 53 problems with the new requirement. First, they 54 that the main reason why students go to school is to learn core subjects and skills. Because service learning is timeconsuming, students spend 55 time studying the core subjects. goes against the law. By Second, they believe that forcing students to work without 56 requiring service, the school takes away an individual's freedom to choose. In my view, service learning is a great way to 57 to the community, learn new skills, and explore different careers. 58 , I don't believe you should force people to help othersthe to help must come from the heart. I think the best 60 is one that gives students choices: 59 a student should be able to choose sixty hours of independent study or sixty hours of service. Choice encourages both freedom and responsibility, and as young adults,we must learn to handle both wisely. 41.A.spend B.gain C.complete D.save 42.A.and B.or C.but D.for 43.A.Subjects B.Ideas C.Procedures D.Examples 44.A.With B.Before C.During D.After 45.A.diary B.report C.note D.notice 46.A.courses B.benefits C.challenges D.features 47A.beyond B.about C.over D.in 48.A.careful B.proud C.tired D.aware 49.A.possess B.apply C.include D.develop 50.A.Gradually B.Finally C.Luckily D.Hopefully 51.A.through B.across C.of D.on 52.A.So B.Thus C.Since D.While 53.A.deal with B.look into C.point out D.take down 54.A.argue B.doubt C.overlook D.admit 55.A.much B.full C.less D.more 56.A.cost B.pay C.care D.praise 57.A.contribute B.appeal C.attend D.belong 58.A.Therefore B.Otherwise C.Besides D.However 59.A.courage B.desire C.emotion D.spirit 60.A.decision B.purpose C.solution D.result 高三  英语试题 第 6页(共 8 页)  第二节 (共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 15 分) 阅读下面材料,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Today I spent time talking to an old friend about some of the 61 (choose) that we have made in our lives. We both agree that life has 62 (actual) been good to us. And we are very 63__ (thank)for what we have been blessed with. Today I would like you to think about your journey and where you see yourself in 64 next five years. Do you see that you have become exactly who you set out to be? I work on my goals because I am excited about that opportunity. However, I do realize that sometimes life can get 65 the way of our goals. I remember 67 when my friend 66 (decide)to buy her first home. She was ready and had everything (prepare). But during this time her father died and she had to move home 68 (help)take care of her mother. Her goal was delayed, 69_ she didn't give it up completely. And that's exactly the key to this all. In order to achieve your goals, you have to keep working on 70 . 第四部分 写作(共两节,满分 35 分) 第一节 短文改错(共 10 小题;每小题 1 分,满分 10 分) 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共 有 10 处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧) ,并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。 修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词; 2.只允许修改 10 处,多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。 I have many friends and Lily is one of the best. We have been playing together before we were young. She is such pretty girl that when people meet him, they always say, "Oh, how lovely!" Lily is also very brave. One evening two weeks ago, my mum sent me to buy some salt or sugar downstair. When I was back on the stairway, I sudden saw a black shadow behind me. I was frightening and cried, "God!" On that very moment, Lily came. She rushed to the shadow and shout loudly until it disappeared. Then we ran to home safely.  高三  英语试题 第 7页(共 8 页)  第二节 书面表达(满分 25 分) 假定你是李华,你的家乡剪纸艺术负有盛名,你写了一篇英文宣传稿,想请外籍教师 Bob 帮助润色。请根据提示,用英语给 Bob 写一封求助信。内容包括: 1.求助事由; 2.求助内容; 3.表达感激。 注意:1.词数 100 左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________  高三  英语试题 第 8页(共 8 页)  2019 届高三英语入学测试 第一部分 第二部分  阅读 DBD BDBC ACCC 第三部分  CBDA  AGBEF  英语知识运用(共两节,满分 45 分)  完形 CBDCB BADCB ADCAC BADBC 62.actually 63.thankful 语法填空 61.choices 66.decided 67.prepared 68.to help 69.but 第四部分  考试答案  听力(略) 阅读理解(共两节,满分 40 分)  64.the 65.in 70.them  写作(共两节,满分 35 分)  短文改错(共 10 小题;每小题 1 分,满分 10 分) 71.before 改为 since 72.such 后加 a 73.him 改为 her 74.or 改为 and 75.downstair 改为 downstairs 76.sudden 改为 suddenly 77.frightening 改为 frightened 78. On 改为 At 79.shout 改为 shouted 80.删掉 to 书面表达(满分 25 分)参考作文 One possible version: Dear Bob, I'm writing in the hope that you will be kind enough to do me a favor. When it comes to paper-cutting , there is no denying that it enjoys a great reputation in my hometown.For a long time I have been longing to write an appealing article to make it better known. However , only when I put the idea into practice did I find that my English is far from satisfaction. As far as I'm concerned,you have a good command of written English,which impresses me a lot. Would you like to do me a favor to have my draft polished?I will pay you a visit at your earliest convenience. I would appreciate it if you could take my request into consideration. Yours, Li Hua
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Is elementary school mathematics "real" mathematics?
Proving in the Elementary Mathematics Classroom
By Andreas J. Stylianides
October 9th 2016
When people think of elementary school mathematics, they usually bring to mind number facts, calculations, and algorithms. This isn't surprising, as these topics tend to dominate classroom work in many elementary schools internationally.
There is little doubt that elementary students should know the multiplication tables, be able to do simple calculations mentally, develop fluency in using algorithms to carry out more complex calculations, and so on. Indeed, these topics are fundamental to students' future learning of mathematics and important for everyday life. Yet, is elementary students' engagement with these topics in itself engagement with "real" mathematics?
I suggest that classroom discourse in an elementary school classroom where students engage with "real" mathematics should satisfy two major considerations. First, it should be meaningful and important to the students. Elementary students' engagement with the topics I mentioned earlier can offer a productive context in which to satisfy this first consideration, especially if students' work is characterized by an emphasis not only on procedural fluency but also on conceptual understanding.
Second, the classroom discourse in an elementary school classroom where students engage with "real" mathematics should be a rudimentary but genuine reflection of the broader mathematical practice. One might interpret the second consideration as asking us to treat elementary students as little mathematicians. That would be a misinterpretation. The point is that some aspects of mathematicians' work that are fundamental to what it means to do mathematics in the discipline should also be represented, in pedagogically and developmentally appropriate forms, in elementary students' engagement with the subject matter.
In its typical form, classroom discourse in elementary school classrooms fails to satisfy the second consideration. A main reason for this is the limited attention it pays to issues concerning the epistemic basis of mathematics, including what counts as evidence in mathematics and how new mathematical knowledge is being validated and accepted. The notion of proof lies at the heart of these epistemic issues and is a defining feature of authentic mathematical work. Yet the notion of proof has a marginal place (if any at all) in many elementary school classrooms internationally, thus jeopardizing students' opportunities to engage with "real" mathematics.
Consider, for example, a class of eight–nine-year-olds who have been writing number sentences for the number ten and have begun to develop the intuitive understanding that there are infinitely many number sentences for ten when subtracting two whole numbers (e.g., 15-5=10). In most elementary school classrooms the activity would finish here, possibly with the teacher ratifying students' intuitive understanding thus giving it the status of public knowledge in the classroom. However, in a classroom that aspires to engage students with "real" mathematics, new mathematical knowledge isn't established by appeal to the authority of the teacher, but rather on the basis of the logical structure of mathematics. Thus the teacher of this classroom may help the students think how they can prove their intuitive understanding.
Abacus by Hans. CC0 Public domain via Pixabay.
Given appropriate instructional support, students of this age can prove that there are infinitely many number sentences for ten when subtracting two whole numbers. For example, a student called Andy in a class of eight–nine-year-olds I studied for my research generated an argument along the following lines:
To generate infinitely many subtraction number sentences for ten, you can start with 11-1=10. For each new number sentence you can add one to both terms of the previous subtraction sentence. This looks like this: 12-2=10, 13-3=10, 14-4=10, 15-5=10, and so on. This can go on forever and will maintain a constant difference of ten.
Andy's argument used mathematically accepted ways of reasoning, which were also accessible to his peers, to establish convincingly the truth of an intuitive understanding. This argument illustrates what a proof can look like in the context of elementary school mathematics. The process of developing this argument contributed also a powerful element of mathematical sense making to Andy's work with number sentences for ten: As he carried out calculations to write the various number sentences, he thought deeply about key arithmetical properties (e.g., how to maintain a constant difference) and he put everything together in a coherent line of reasoning. Thus an elevated status of proof in elementary students' work can play a pivotal role in students' meaningful engagement with mathematics. This presents a connection with the first consideration I discussed earlier.
To conclude, elementary school mathematics as reflected in typical classroom work internationally falls short of being "real." Yet it has the potential to become "real" if the learning experiences currently offered to elementary students are transformed. A major part of this transformation needs to concern the epistemic basis of mathematics, with more opportunities offered for students to engage with proof in the context of mathematics as a sense-making activity. The teacher has an important role to play as the representative of the discipline of mathematics in the classroom and as the person with the responsibility to induct students into mathematically acceptable ways of reasoning and standards of evidence. This is a complex role that cannot be fully understood without a strong research basis about the kind of teaching practices and curricular materials that can facilitate elementary students' access to "real" mathematics.
Featured image credit: Math by Pixapopz. Public domain via Pixabay.
Andreas J. Stylianides is a Reader in Mathematics Education at the University of Cambridge. He is the author of Proving in the Elementary Mathematics Classroom (OUP, 2016).