The twin Keck Observatory telescopes sit atop Mauna Kea on Hawai'i, and are the world's most scientifically productive optical and infrared telescopes. Each telescope weighs 300 tons and operates with nanometer precision. The telescopes' primary mirrors are 10-meters in diameter and are each composed of 36 hexagonal segments that work in concert as a single piece of reflective glass.
Today Keck Observatory is a 501©3 supported by both public funding sources and private philanthropy. The organization is governed by the California Association for Research in Astronomy (CARA), whose Board of Directors includes representatives from the California Institute of Technology and the University of California, with liaisons from NASA and the Keck Foundation.
The twin Keck telescopes are the largest fully steerable optical/infrared telescopes on Earth and are able to see fainter and further into the cosmos than any other current research facility. For decades, the Keck Observatory has provided invaluable data for exoplanet researchers as well as planetary scientists studying celestial objects in our own solar system.
Data from Keck informs numerous studies supported by the NASA Astrobiology Program. Observations by Keck have been used to acquire direct images of giant exoplanets, study water in comets within the Solar System, reveal clues about the composition of ice at the surface of Jupiter's moon Europa, and many other scientific studies relevant to astrobiology research.
Keck data contributes to exoplanet studies performed by researchers supported by elements of the NASA Astrobiology Program, including NExSS.
In 2013, Keck was used to confirm the discovery of the first Earth-sized planet outside the Solar System that has a rocky composition like that of Earth. Kepler-78b was discovered using data from NASA's Kepler Space Telescope, and confirmed and characterized with the W. M. Keck Observatory.
Using the HIRES spectrometer on the W.M. Keck Observatory's Keck I Telescope, astronomers discovered an Earth-sized planet, Gliese 581g, orbiting a nearby star. Gliese 581g orbits squarely in the middle of its star's "habitable zone" where liquid water could exist on the planet's surface.
Keck observations showed that hydrogen peroxide is abundant across much of the surface of Jupiter's moon Europa. Some scientists believe that if the peroxide mixes into the subsurface ocean that lies beneath Europa's icy crust, it could provide an energy source for life.
In 1985, the W.M. Keck Foundation gave $70 million to begin the construction of the Keck I telescope. While still under construction, the foundation funded another $68 million to build Keck II.
The 13,796-foot Mauna Kea summit has no nearby mountain ranges to roil the upper atmosphere. Few city lights pollute Hawaiian night skies, and for most of the year, the atmosphere above Mauna Kea is clear, calm and dry.


How must architecture, engineering and construction evolve so that sustainability is automatically embedded in the way the built environment is designed, constructed, used and recycled? This challenging question was the nucleus of the 3rd International Holcim Forum held in Mexico City and inspiration for Re-inventing Construction. The 440-page book features articles and case studies by 38 internationally renowned architects, engineers and scholars including Keller Easterling, Bjarke Ingels, Anne Lacaton and Jean-Philippe Vassal, Amory Lovins, Elinor Ostrom, Jeremy Rifkin, Michel Rojkind, Werner Sobek, Michael Sorkin, and many others. The book was launched at three events hosted in sequence by the Swiss Federal University of Technology (ETH Zurich), the Universidad Iberoamericana (UIA) in Mexico City, and Architecture Forum Aedes in Berlin.
The urgent demands of climate change, depleted raw material resources, radical demographic shifts and urbanization require both knowledge and new technologies be applied to transform the built environment. Re-inventing Construction asserts two complementary approaches to achieve this metamorphosis: the book gives an overview of new construction technologies, material research, energy concepts, as well as ownership models and development strategies in architecture – but also rediscovers the wisdom of vernacular architecture with its smart use of locally-available building materials, building methods and typologies, as well as the ingenious understanding of natural principles.
Wiping off the dust of any quaint technocratic allure formerly associated with construction, this book celebrates its re-invention with an engaging contribution to research and practice. The book also presents an illustrated index containing more than 230 glossary entries that take the reader on an eye-opening journey across the expanding universe of construction.
Re-inventing Construction unfolds this differentiated understanding of construction across four central issues: how architecture and urbanism are affected by the shift to renewable energy; embracing the specificity of any project without simplifying its complexity to tried and tested models; conceptualizing the material assets of the built environment which are the resources of future building; and, delineating the various agents, interest groups, and users who are instrumental in current processes of transformation in construction.


Imagine you put all of the projects you could do in procurement in a list, and then order them by descending ROI. And let''s not forget all of the projects that generate a benefit to the business which are not measureable in financial terms. If you want to generate a very high ROI, reduce the size of your procurement team, and simply do the first few projects... and then stop. At that point you might be able to guarantee a ROI of 50x, perhaps more. It will certainly be high. And guess what, a version of that is what some functions do.
But what about all the other projects which have been ignored? There will be a long, long list of these. Some might only generate a ROI of 3x. Some may only break even. Some may even cost money to generate no financial benefit - but other important business benefits are achieved, such as innovation, reduced risk, improved customer service, etc. Either way, a lot of financial and non-financial benefits will be left on the table.
Now let''s compare the ROI achievable through procurement with the ROIs achievable through business investments in HR, Finance, IT, R&D, etc. My guess is that you will find the ROI of the procurement projects is much greater. And yet the procurement projects typically get de-prioritized, in favor of other areas of investment. From a financial perspective, in other words, the business is mis-prioritising where it puts its money. I see it happen again and again; businesses demand much higher ROIs from procurement than any other area of the company.
Well, firstly, and frustratingly, it's not a lack of available funds that's at the heart of it - other functions receive their funding, despite generating a lesser return (the irony is that procurement projects are often self-funding within the financial year).
The answer partly lies in businesses'' misguided obsession with savings (which we covered in this previous post). But it goes deeper than this. I think procurement is failing to make its case as successfully as other functions. It is not ''selling'' what it can do to senior executives. What's more, business leaders themselves fail to realize the importance of managing their cost base as they don''t recognize the sheer scale of their cost base relative to their labor costs - as our recent research around cost management nicely demonstrates.
The truth is that for the average FTSE-350 company, non-labor costs (at 68.3%) outweigh labor costs (at 12.9%) by more than five times.
The net impact of all this is that every year procurement fails to get the investment it desperately needs. Across the globe procurement functions are under-invested in and under-resourced compared to other business functions.
So be wary of claims of very high ROIs from procurement - especially when they are claimed year after year. I believe it is world class to persuade the business to undertake projects which generate low, or even, dare I say it, negative ROIs, which drag the overall procurement ROI down, but which ultimately improve business performance.
Put simply, world class procurement functions do not have astronomically high ROIs - think about it logically and you'll see that a world class procurement function is going to be managing the cost base extremely well, so there shouldn''t be continuous, very large scale cash savings.
Business leaders are mature enough to understand this. But is the procurement community?


Cruising out of Sydney to start our Lap of Oz adventure was a surreal feeling. We had just experienced the biggest 4 months of our lives in preparation for this next phase – becoming full time nomads! Full time 'BLONDE NOMADS' that is.
We sold everything we owned – including our house, arranged some amazing brand sponsorships to help support us on our travels (including our rolling home – a 22ft Jayco Starcraft Caravan)! On top of this we had a load of media interviews – including radio (Triple M – listen here), and a TV appearance (Today show – watch it here). It was all crazy great fun especially the send-off our friends and family provided for us on our last night as we camped at Narrabeen Carvan Park.
Once we waved good bye to the big smoke and our life as we knew it – the excitement and buzz of a new adventure started to take over again – and it felt good!
We were busting to hit the ground running and start exploring – but first, we needed a little down time to put our feet back on the ground. Embracing the 'earthing concept' (did you know that's a 'thing'?! Read about it here) we decided a beachside bush-camp was in order.
What a gem of a spot. We spent 4 nights on a shady bush site not far from the beach in Booderee National Park. Our site was surrounded by wallabies, birds, possums and echidnas! The main thing we spoke about to our mini blondies Marli and Ziggy before we started our trip was all the amazing wildlife they would see and our first stop did not disappoint.
Just up the road at Jervis Bay is the famous Hyams Beach which has the whitest sand in the world and is definitely worth a visit. Further North, you will find Honeymoon Bay which was also a great little day trip for us and only 50 minutes drive away. We were lucky to have the bay all to ourselves along with 2 kangaroos who joined us on the beach!
Our next stop 2 hours drive further South was a lovely town called Bendalong. Famous for the friendly Sting Rays that you can hand feed off the beach, we knew we had to make a visit. The kids thought the rays were amazing but were content watching from above the water as we carried them into the shallows for a closer look. We spent our days relaxing on the beach listening to the bell birds in the surrounding bush, making sand castles and watching the rays swim past. It was a magic spot to enjoy for 4 nights.
While in the Shoalhaven area Rob took the opportunity to do what he loves most – free diving in the ocean and catching us something for dinner!! He did not disappoint and returned with 2 huge Eastern Rock Lobsters that we happily ate for dinner alongside a mango salad – does it get any better?!
What a spot! Potato Point is definitely a NSW favourite for us!! With a beach front camp spot all to ourselves backing onto the Eurobodalla National Park we were in Blondies heaven! We spent our days watching the whales play just offshore with their baby calves, surfing Rob's handmade timber long board, playing in the sand and hanging out with the friendly resident kangaroos and wallabies surrounding our camp.
One of our favorite things to do as a family is wake up and look out our caravan window first thing in the moring to see the ever changing view. At Potato Point we were spoilt each morning with the best sunrise ocean views along with the local wildlife enjoying their breakfast – it was magic!
If this place couldn't get any better we also enjoyed a few fresh Pizzas for dinner cooked in the wood-fired Pizza oven in the camp kitchen. You can buy fresh pizza dough from the camp shop and make your own toppings! The kids thought this was fab and of course they tasted AMAZING! We could have stayed at this camp spot forever and forgotten about the huge Lap of Oz adventure we had planned!
To do: Visit the Bodalla Bakery and browse the shops in nearby Mogo.
A little further South we called into the small coastal town of Pambula home for 5 nights. This was a great little town as well as it's bigger neighbour Merimbula. We had Pambula Beach to ourselves most of the time and enjoyed watching the whales and dolphins playing offshore. We ventured into Ben Boyd National Park as well as explored the stunning headlands of Merimbula. This part of the coast features amazing clear turquoise water against vibrant red rock which make an amazing contrast on a sunny day so naturally Tracy was going crazy with her camera!
Rob also took the opportuniy to go for another dive and this time returned with 2 Abalone for something new.
A short trip 25 minutes South had us in the old whaling town of Eden. As some chilly weather had set in for the day (and we had aleady visited the Whaling Muesum on a previous caravan trip) we decided to enjoy a lazy breakfast in a local cafe followed by a visit to the Marine Discovery Centre.
What a wonderful surprise this was for the kids. Featuring an array of interesting, thought provoking marine displays, fish tanks and a touch pool, our mini Blondies were entertained for hours. The centre had something for all ages and the best part for us was that none of it was displayed behind glass – it was all laid out for the kids to touch.
To Do: Explore Ben Boyd National Park, swim at Merimbula Beach and visit Eden and the Marine Discovery Centre.
Our time exploring the South Coast of NSW was the perfect way to start our trip. We were super impressed with the pristine waters and beautiful clean beaches all along this coastline. As proud partners with Take 3 (#take3forthesea) we have been picking up rubbish from the beaches and waterways that we have visited along the way and we have been super impressed with how clean the South Coast has been!
We look forward to visiting again one day but for now… it's across the border to Victoria we go… stay tuned for more adventures.
We'd love you to subscribe to our newsletter here and follow along via Facebook and Instagram.
Read more about our Lap Of Oz or view our caravan tour video.
What an amazing article and start to your adventure on the road. We have now added some of these locations to our list of places to see, so thank you for sharing!


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This listing consists of two well established commercial properties located in Portola and Loyalton, CA and additional commercial land adjacent to the Portola building which serves as commercial storage and excess parking for the Portola Store. The entire collection of properties are leased to a single tenant, that has been in place since buying the operating business in February 2014. Existing leases (3) run to February 2024 and tenant holds three additional 5 year options to extend. The leases are NNN and contain a base rent plus an annual CPI adjustment. Today the combined leases generate gross income of $205,000 and NET operating income to the landlord of $166,200 / year resulting in a 8.50% CAP rate. This is a commercial investment opportunity for a buyer that will provide stablized income from an established and experienced tenant. Both buildings are well maintained and are located in the city center of each location.


The University of North Dakota announced today that it will discontinue its varsity women's hockey and men's & women's swimming/diving programs at the end of the academic year due to budget cuts.
Earlier this year, UND President Mark Kennedy announced that the athletics department would need to reduce its 2017-18 budget by more than $1.3 million. The university discontinued its baseball and men's golf programs a year ago.
The university will honor athletic scholarships for discontinued sports at their present equivalencies for returning student-athletes. Specific details have been provided to the student-athletes regarding their future aid.
UND Athletics Director Brian Faison met with the affected coaches, staff and student-athletes on Wednesday afternoon. CJOB.com reported that many of the student-athletes learned about the cuts through media reports before hearing word from the school.
Former players have been ripping the school on social media, as the news comes just after USA Hockey agreed to pay female players more money, seemingly indicating a desire to grow the women's game. The irony isn't lost on Faison.


I attended the 27th Swahili Colloquium at the University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany, from 08th – 09th June, this year. This was a two-day event followed immediately by another two-day symposium, 'New Dynamics in Swahili Studies.' I was surprised to learn that the Swahili conference had been held at the University of Bayreuth for the past 26 years.
The conference highlighted, to me, the significance of Kiswahili as a language of choice and use for millions of people in Kenya, Tanzania, Zanzibar, Uganda, Burundi, Rwanda, Congo, the DRC, Somalia, South Sudan, the Sudan, parts of Malawi, Zambia and Zimbabwe. You could add Eritrea, Ethiopia, Djibouti, Comoros, and Seychelles here. In population terms these countries will potentially have more than 400 million people in the next 10 years.
But why the interest in Swahili studies, in Bayreuth, in Germany, in Europe? Why invest so many resources to study an African language? Purely for academic reasons one would say that Kiswahili is taught in schools so this could be a meeting of mere scholars of Kiswahili and that would be it. But think of the material value of Swahili studies if one wishes to understand the peoples and cultures along the littoral Coast of East Africa all the way into the Congo and Central Africa? What would be the value of an expert to his or her country on these societies and their language of trade and every day life?
The first point to note is that I am speaking of Swahili studies here, and not Kiswahili. Swahili studies considers the language, the peoples, the cultures, the regions, the histories, it considers the totality of Swahili. It is concerned with how Swahili is connected local, regional and global peoples and cultures. Would we say we have Swahili studies in Kenya? I doubt.
From my personal observations, I think Kenyan Swahili scholarship is still merely dealing with Kiswahili language and the literature, with a few individuals researching the elements of Swahili beyond the two. What does this mean for Swahili studies in Kenya? How many Kenyan scholars are interested in how Kiswahili arrived in Lambwe Valley or what kind of Swahili dialect is spoken in Lokichogio? How many Kenyan teachers of Kiswahili are studying its literature in comparison to literatures in other languages such as Italian, German, Luganda or English? How much translation of books from Kiswahili to other languages and vice versa is going on in Kenya today?
The state of research in Swahili studies directly impacts the quantity and quality of outputs in it. Here we are talking about the competence of Swahili speakers from our high schools and universities and the quantity and quality of academic research and publications. Why is it that there are complaints every year about the poor performance of candidates KCPE and KCSE English language examinations yet we hear little about the performance in Kiswahili? And if the learners do pass Kiswahili well, how is it that they can't speak it well after school? Actually how many Kenyans educated beyond high school use passable Kiswahili in every day conversation?
experiences of Kenyans today being spoken about in Kiswahili criticism? Where are the journals in which these scholarly works are published? How many journals of Swahili studies exist in Kenya? I heard at the conferences that for the past so many years till this year Kenyan scholars had ceded ground to Tanzanians to keep and run three Swahili journals!
On the subject of intra- and inter-regional value of Swahili studies the most burning point is standardization. What do we mean when we speak of standard Swahili? Are we speaking of KiUnguja or KiMvita or the Swahili that Kamusi Sanifu ya Kiswahili prescribes? Given the spread of Kiswahili it is difficult to see how one can standardize it and keep it undiluted for any given period of time. Undoubtedly there is need to have some common reference – the rules of grammar and syntax are worth establishing and keeping – but when the world has such variations as American English, Indian English, West Indies English, West African English, why would anyone want to have some orthodox, supposedly the correct, Kiswahili? Doesn't the Kiswahili spoken in the DR Congo or Comoros qualify as Swahili alongside the one we are taught in school?
If one considers the potential population of Swahili speakers in Eastern Africa it becomes easy to see why the plurality of Swahili in the region is a good thing. These variations to Swahili enable trade, movement of people, socialization, travel of cultural material – think of music and stories/books, marriages, education etc. This is a desirable market for the trader, an audience for a writer, a (regional) constituency for an aspiring regional politician/civil servant and millions of pupils for a teacher. Regional integration in Eastern Africa is considerably possible if we start to look at the citizens through the lenses of Swahili.
What surprised me most at the conference was the sheer intellectual investment in Swahili studies by European scholars. I have no doubt that there are hundreds of East African scholars involved in Swahili studies. But it is shocking to know that Europeans have been studying and teaching Kiswahili in the Czech Republic, Italy, Germany or Britain for just about longer than the 50 years that Kenya has been a republic. Yet we are still debating whether to or not establish Swahili departments in our universities. Shouldn't we be talking of at least two institutes of Swahili studies, one in Mombasa or Lamu, the other in Nairobi? Shouldn't we be talking of at least one Distinguished Chair in Kiswahili studies in Kenya or establish one in each of the universities with a full department of Swahili studies?
There is a way, therefore, in which the future of Swahili studies appeared to be found in the strength, perseverance and dedication of these retiring professors of Swahili studies. Much of their talk revolved around innovation and the need to puncture boundaries set by disciplines. Several of the papers at the Symposium as well reflected the new dynamics or directions that Swahili studies are embracing elsewhere and we have but no option to adapt to in Kenya.
— The writer teaches literature at the University of Nairobi and is a researcher with Native Intelligence.


1. Say no. Say yes to fun, to learning, to joy, to anything that makes your life better. Say no to everything else. Definitely say no to guilt. Saying no is one of your most powerful time savers. And the more you do it, the better you will get at it!
2. Let go of perfection. There is no perfectly decorated house, no perfectly made meal, no perfectly wrapped gift. Know when something is good enough and move on.
3. Know your real priorities. Is it more important to get the house decorated or spend time with your loved ones? Or practice your faith? Or advance your career? I don't care what anyone says, you can't have it all. You have to choose.
4. Delegate. Pay someone to clean your house or do the yard work. Get your baked goods from the store. Or swap chores with a friend – be creative. Kids need holiday money – hire the kid down the street to do something you don't have time for. There's no prize at the end because you did everything yourself. Remember even Martha Stewart went to jail.
5. Eat the frog. Do the task you've been putting off first thing. Mark Twain said, "Eat a live frog first thing in the morning and nothing worse will happen to you the rest of the day." You'll be surprised how much momentum eating the frog gives you. Could also call this eating the monkey because now it's off your back.
6. Your kids will not die if they don't participate in every activity known to man. Give it a rest.
7. Stop procrastinating. There is no mythical future ahead of you in which you are going to have loads of free time. Do it now or admit you will never do it.
8. Consider stress. When evaluating whether to do something or not, ask not "Is it possible to cram this in?" but "How much stress will it cause me to cram this in?" Sometimes it is simply not worth it. Remember the whole enjoy the journey thing? Smelling the roses and all? Again, there's no prize because you managed to pick up the dry cleaning on your way home from the emergency room.
9. Am I doing the important things or am I just busy? We all have activities we like to do and activities that generate results. Know the difference and do the latter.
10. Sleep. Seems crazy I know, but if you're exhausted, you make more mistakes, have less energy and are generally a crabapple. You'll get more done if you are well rested. And people will like you more.
11. Remember that no one can waste your time without your permission. Even if you aren't running a meeting you can keep it on track. You have the power to end a phone call or conversation.
12. Stop lying. Next time you find yourself saying, "I don't have time…," be honest. Say, "I choose not to…." You have time to do whatever you want. You are simply choosing to do other things.
Enjoyed these and am glad to be reminded of some and exposed to new ones.
Thanks for the comment, Evelyn! You're terrific!
This was stellar… You just revolutionized my Holiday's…. I think I will be enjoying them ALOT more this year !!!!
Woohoo! I love to hear that!! thanks for taking the time to post a comment, Katie!!


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About Design and Designers – Past, Present and Future by Prof. Manisha Mohan
On the occasion 6th Foundation Day of the Institute of Design, Prof. Manisha Mohan, Director, Design and Delivery, India APAC, Emeritus delivered the key note address titled "About Design and Designers". The delivery covered the wide range of issues related with the discipline of design including its past, present and future. Besides, it covered the aspects of Designer's journey within the self.
While talking about the discipline she brings in the genealogy of Design and its ancient legacy in India. In connection with the point previously referred she talked about the ancient civilization Mohenjo-Daro and their inventions and design structures, the architecture and design of Tajmahal, the Indian Postal Services that emerged as a unique system that served the millions of people of the country. Also, the matchless transporting network of Indian Railways considered as the unparalleled design of public transport. With the example of Gandhi and Charkha she explained the way MK Gandhi designed the people's struggle leading to our independence. And latest in the order is electronic voting machine that transforms the voting system in the country.
Furthermore, while talking about the design education in India she said that it formally began in the 1960s and has come a long way from then. Over and above, while underlining 'Design Education', she elaborated the concept in the wake of the specific discipline of Design through Application and Apprenticeship. In this aspect she elaborated various factors: first, the student's journey begins with learning the principles of design, color, drawing, materials and fundamentals of the design process through hands on assignments.Second, based on the choice of specialization, the student learns the skills and tools in the labs that will enable good design. Group assignments help in developing team spirit and communication skills. Third, Design knowledge and skills are used to solve the real world problems through assignments and projects. The students learns to come up with user centered research driven solutions. Fourth, Industry orientation and Entrepreneurship in which students gain insights on the industry context through master classes, industrial visits and industry internships, soft skills and imparted Edge training.
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Poll: Joe Manchin Popular, Leads Capito and McKinley
By Joshua Miller
Posted April 28, 2011 at 12:31pm
Sen. Joe Manchin (D) remains a popular figure in West Virginia and leads potential opponents in hypothetical 2012 Senate matchups in poll released Thursday.
Fifty-five percent of West Virginia voters approve of Manchin's job performance, whereas only 31 percent disapprove, according to a Public Policy Polling survey.
In hypothetical matchups with potential Republican opponents, Manchin's closest rival was Rep. Shelley Moore Capito. He would beat her 48 percent to 40 percent. Against freshman Rep. David McKinley, Manchin would win 63 percent to 25 percent.
PPP surveyed 850 West Virginia voters. The margin of error is 3.4 percent.
Since beating GOP businessman John Raese in November, Manchin, who was previously the state's popular governor, has positioned himself as conservative Democrat and sometimes-critic of President Barack Obama.
In an interview earlier this month on ABC News, Manchin was asked if the president was showing enough leadership. "It's a different form of leadership then I've ever seen," Manchin said. "It's not what I'm used to and it's not what I've seen to be effective."
In a floor speech on the budget last month, Manchin said Obama had "failed to lead this debate or offer a serious proposal for spending and cuts."
Roll Call Politics rates this race as Leans Democratic.


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Luxarazzi 101: Abdication and Accession in Luxembourg
In the light of the recent events in the Netherlands - earlier today Queen Beatrix has announced that she will abdicate and that the Prince of Orange will become King of the Netherlands on 30th April - we will have a look at similar events in the Grand Duchy.
Queen Beatrix's abdication follows the example set by her mother and grandmother, so it can be regarded as something of a tradition. A tradition that does not only exist in the Netherlands but in another country ruled by another branch of the House of Nassau, Luxembourg.
Neither in Luxembourg nor in the Netherlands abdication has quite the same connotation like it has in most other European monarchies. Over the past century or so, it has become something like a tradition for the head of state to step down at one point and to hand over their powers to their heir. It is not seen as a shocking and profound abandonment of one's royal duties but rather a very normal thing to trustingly hand over one's power to a new generation.
It certainly did not start out this way when the very first abdication in the House of Nassau-Weilburg happened in 1919.
Grand Duchess Marie-Adelaide
Seven years earlier, Grand Duchess Marie-Adelaide had ascended to the throne at the tender age of 17 upon her father's death. From the very beginning she had done something that both her father, Grand Duke Wilhelm IV, and her grandfather, Grand Duke Adolph, had avoided - to mingle in politics. She had not been trained by her father in statecraft as he had been ill for a very long time. This, combined with the young Grand Duchess's strong Catholic faith, often led to clashes between her and the government as well as the political scene as a whole.
Even though Grand Duchess Marie-Adelaide carefully kept within the boundaries created by the constitution, her enemies, who often were also against the church, tried to take advantage of her lack of experience to create sentiment against her. The outbreak of the First World War and the following occupation of Luxembourg by German troops did not help the cause of the Grand Duchess either.
After initially having protested against the occupation, the Grand Duchess had tried to keep Luxembourg's neutrality throughout the War. After it's end, she was accused of having collaborated with the Germans. The perception of the Grand Duchess Marie-Adelaide as "pro-German" made her unpopular both within the population as well as on political level. On January 14, 1919 she gave in to the national and international pressure by abdicating from the throne and handing over powers to her younger sister, who would one day abdicate under very different circumstances.
[More on Marie-Adelaide's life in one of our future editions of Luxarazzi 101, a post about her is currently in the works.]
Grand Duchess Charlotte in 1919
After her sister's abdication, Grand Duchess Charlotte's reign was off to a rough start as she had to face a referendum about the future of the Grand Duchy. In September 1919, 77.8 percent of the Luxembourgish population voted for the continuation of a Grand Ducal monarchy with Charlotte as head of state.
The new Grand Duchess decided not to meddle in politics - much of the power her sister still had, had been taken from the head of state due to an amendment of the constitution anyway - and over the next decades she would become a very much beloved figure. During the Second World War she became strong symbol for national unity, resistance and freedom.
On April 28, 1961, Grand Duchess Charlotte appointed her oldest son, then Hereditary Grand Duke Jean, Lieutenant Representative. While the Grand Duchess remained the nominal head of state, the Hereditary Grand Duke assumed most of the constitutional power. On May 4 that same year, he took the oath.
Then Hereditary Grand Duke
Jean becomes his mother's
Lieutenant Representative
(Photo: Photothèque
de la Ville de Luxembourg)
After having reigned for 45 years, she signed the declaration of abdication in which she renounced the Crown of the Grand Duchy in favour of her oldest son Jean on November 12, 1964.
"I feel I have reached the age to retire, and I think that Jean is the age to take over. After all, I am 68 now."
Maybe she had not expected to reach the age she eventually reached. Had Grand Duchess Charlotte not abdicated and reigned until her death, she would have reigned for a total of 66 years and 173 days.
Later on November 12, Grand Duke Jean took the oath as the new Grand Duke in a solemn ceremony at the Chamber of Deputies.
A very similar pattern can be found in the events leading up to Grand Duke Jean's abdication in 2000. On March 4, 1998, the then Hereditary Grand Duke Henri was appointed Lieutenant-Representative by his father.
About one and a half years later, Grand Duke Jean announced his intention to abdicate in favour of his eldest son on December 24, 1999. That day a special meeting of the parliament had taken place in which prime minister Jean-Claude Juncker had announced the Grand Duke's decision. Grand Duke Jean commented on the matter during his annual Christimas speech as following,
"I'm deeply convinced that it is a wise decision to retire from the business of state after 35 years of reigning on the eve of a new millenium."
Grand Duke Jean signs the
abdication decree (Photo: SIP)
The actual abdication was delayed due to car accident of Prince Guillaume and Princess Sibilla in which the prince was seriously injured and remained in a coma for three weeks.
On October 7, 2000, Grand Duke Jean eventually signed the Grand Ducal Abdication Decree at the Grand Ducal Palace and thus handed powers over to his oldest son.
The first article of the decree states:
Nous renonçons à la Couronne du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg en faveur de Notre Fils bien-aimé, le Grand-Duc héritier HENRI.
(We renounce the Crown of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg in favour of Our dear son, the Hereditary Grand Duke HENRI.)
The second article deals with the procedure.
Following the signing of the decree, prime minister Juncker held a speech in which he paid tribute to both Grand Duke Jean and Grand Duchess Joséphine-Charlotte.
Grand Duke Henri is sworn in
(Photo: SIP)
Later that same day, the swearing-in ceremony took place at a solemn sitting of the Chamber of Deputies. Grand Duke Henri took the oath according to Article 5 of the constitution at around 11am.
"I swear to observe the Constitution and the Laws of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, to maintain the national independence and integrity of the territory, as well as public and individual liberties."
Afterwards, he delivered the enthronement speech. (You can find an English version here.) The event was attended by members of the Grand Ducal Family as well as Queen Beatrix of the Netherlands and King Albert II and Queen Paola of the Belgians.
After the ceremony at the Chamber of Deputies, the new Grand Duke Henri, Grand Duchess Maria-Teresa and their children walked back to the palais where they appeared on the balcony together. During the course of the day another few events like a church service as well as receptions took place.
Once the time comes, we can expect similar things to happen on the day and in the lead up to Hereditary Grand Duke Guillaume's accession to the throne.
Posted by Svenja at 12:00 AM
Labels: Grand Duchess Charlotte, Grand Duchess Marie-Adelaide, Grand Duke Jean, Luxarazzi 101, The Grand Duke Henri
Saying Thank You
A Visit to the Children's Home **
Farewell Audience
Luxarazzi 101: Abdication and Accession in Luxembo...
100 Days... *
More From Liechtenstein
Busy in Liechtenstein
Guillaume and Stephanie View Stamps
Grand Duchess Visits School Sainte-Anne
Meanwhile in Liechtenstein
Luxarazzi 101: Belgian Scroll Tiara
One Million and Counting
Two Princes to Visit Luxembourg
Audiences and Receptions for the Grand Duchess
Grand Duke Jean Visits Church
Imperial Wedding Round-Up
Grand Duke at New Year Concert
A Dutch Guest at the Palais
New Year's Audience *
Luxarazzi 101: Grand Duke Jean of Luxembourg
Luxarazzi 101: Royal Recycling and Clothes Sharing...


text:
Home NEW PRODUCTS
Aeronautic-inspired watch smashes crowd-funding target within 24 hours
Emma Calder
A collection of watch experts have managed to secure 400% of their $25,000 (£18,000) Kick Starter target to bring their aerospace-inspired timepiece to market.
Designed using technology directly aligned with the principles of sustainable development and social responsibility, the Apollo collection has its own movement support allowing for thinner cases, which creates an inner bubble effect.
The team behind Apollo crafted four regulator watch models, all inspired by space, solar system planets and their satellites: Eclipse, Full Moon, Uranus and Neptune. Eclipse and Full Moon are now available as limited editions with 999 pieces.
The campaign, which is centred on bringing the Apollo wristwatches to market, has raised $126,000 (£95,000) so far with two days to go until the deadline.
The watch was first launched on Kick Starter at the end of September and managed to raise $45,000 (£34,000) within its first week of campaigning.
The international team behind Apollo hails from America, the UK and Italy, with headquarters in both Chicago and Dubai.
"Our combined experience enables us to communicate what we actually want and how it has to be done, to our suppliers, rather than just buying what is offered," said sales director, Harriet Stewart.
"In fact, every single part of the Apollo timepiece is custom-made to match our exigence for quality and design."
Previous articleGucci expands Dionysus collection with addition of gold timepiece
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Rob Corder - July 16, 2019


text:
Q: How do I interact with the virtual machine from Hyper-V host? I'm running a hypervisor Hyper-V on server hardware. I exported two virtual machines from elsewhere and I want to start them here while disconnected from the LAN. I'm on a terminal session on the Hyper-V with Task Manager, command line and Powershell; I don't have a GUI interface. So I started them just fine using Start-VM from Powershell.
How do I interact with the virtual machine? Normally while on the LAN I remote into the VM. But now I'm disconnected from the LAN. How do I start a terminal session (or remote into) the VM?

A: I believe what you are looking for is the Hyper-V Virtual Machine Connection tool. The tool can be installed easily on other servers and it uses the host to provide the connection to the guest, which gets around your no guest networking issue.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Carl Wickland
Casper Yost
Dwight Goddard
Edward C Randall
Ellen G White
George Trevelyan
Helen Schucman
Howard Williams
Jane Katra and Russell Targ
John E Mack
Leon Denis
Lucius Seneca
Madam Home
Michael Cocks
Michael Tymn
PD Ouspensky
Rebecca Ruter Springer
Richard Maurice Bucke
Simon Parke
Sjoerd Bonting
Stafford Betty
Thomas à Kempis
Viscount Adare
William Usborne Moore
WT Stead
Rebecca Ruter Springer was 29 when the American Civil War started in 1861. When the war ended five years later, 620,000 soldiers and countless civilians lay dead. It is not surprising, therefore, that the dead and heaven were much considered over the next 40 years in the United States. And it was this spiritual climate that created Springer's classic, Intra Muros, or as it is now generally known, My Dream of Heaven.
There is not a great deal known about the author herself. She was born in 1832, in Indianapolis, Indiana; and the daughter of a Methodist clergyman. She graduated from the Wesleyan Female College in 1850, and Methodist Christianity remained her spiritual home. In 1859, two years before the Civil War, she married William Springer, who went on to become a lawyer, and member of the Illinois General Assembly. They had one son, also called William, but Rebecca's health was never good, and described by one person as 'feeble'. In 1868, the couple went on a two-year European tour to improve her health, but it remained poor until her death.
It was amidst ill health that her classic work was born. She wrote a number of other works, including Beachwood, Self, Songs by the Sea and Leon. But she is best remembered for Intra Muros ('between the walls'), which was written in 1898. It was a vision given to her during severe illness; she was unconscious for some days as she received the vision, which in the telling covers a period of years. On reflection, she came to understand the short book as a series of basic truths about heaven, written in a simple and readable style, as if being told to a child.
In the latter half of 19th century America, there was huge interest in the afterlife, and some doubts about it. The savagery of the Civil War had raised questions and left its mark on popular consciousness. Spiritualist séances were well attended, as the bereaved wondered about loved ones lost. Where were they? How were they? Springer was writing when spiritualism was at its peak, with an estimated 8 million followers in the United States and Europe.
As the Civil War came to a close, therefore, there were many evocations of heaven written to meet people's needs for reassurance, and a number became bestsellers. My Dream of Heaven was one of them, offering readers both confidence that God had prepared a place for them; and that awaiting them there was a wonderful reunion with loved ones who had gone before.
Springer did not bestow the status of 'prophecy' on her work, but rather intended it as comfort. As she said, she wrote the book with 'the hope that it may comfort and uplift some who read, even as it did, and as its memory will ever do, for me. I submit the imperfect sketch of a most perfect vision.' Reader reviews of this vision on Amazon suggest that for Christians and the bereaved in particular, Springer's desire has been realised. Words like 'comfort', 'uplifting', 'hope', 'consolation' 'life-changing' and 'encouragement' ring like bells through the reactions. Years on, a dream simply told still apparently reaches people.
My Dream of Heaven


On 13-14 June, the National Institute of Statistics and Geography of Mexico (INEGI, in its Spanish acronym) hosted in Mexico City a high-level meeting and several technical workshops to kick-off the Natural Capital Accounting and Evaluation of Ecosystem Services project.
Julio A. Santaella, President of INEGI, stressed that the joint efforts in the implementation of Ecosystem Accounting will provide better information for decision-making based on the valuation of ecosystems, which will in turn allow a more efficient use of resources and a responsible exploitation of national biodiversity and ecosystems. Also participating in this meeting were Vice-presidents of INEGI, Paloma Merodio and Rolando Ocampo, as well as Ambassador Andrew Standley, the EU representative in Mexico. The meeting gathered more than 60 participants from various institutions, including environmental, financial, academic and international agencies.
The collaboration of INEGI and other participating institutions guarantees the convergence of both statistical and geographical information and of the environmental and the economic and financial sectors, so that the results of the project will be useful to both sectors alike and the international targets (such as SDG, Aichi, Sendai Frame, climate change) will be achieved.
In order to implement this project, INEGI will continue collaborating with Semarnat, SCHP, SE, World Bank, ECLAC, Inter-American Development Bank and GIZ, as well as other institutions such as INECC, CONABIO, CONANP, CONAFOR and CONAGUA.
The United Nations Statistics Division, United Nations Environment Programme the Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity and the European Union have launched the project "Natural Capital Accounting and Valuation of Ecosystem Services". The project, which is funded by the European Union, aims at assisting the five participating partner countries, namely Brazil, China, India, Mexico and South Africa, to advance the knowledge agenda on environmental and ecosystem accounting and initiate pilot testing of the SEEA Experimental Ecosystem Accounting (SEEA EEA) with a view to improving the management of natural biotic resources, ecosystems and their services at the (sub)national level and mainstreaming biodiversity and ecosystems in national level policy-planning and implementation.


If you want to hunt for treasures on the beach or if your backyard is very mineralized, the Garrett ACE 350 was designed with you in mind. It has a special coil for dealing with saltwater, enhanced iron detection, and even includes headphones.
When you set off on your metal-detecting adventure, you probably want to hunt for a variety of treasures. With this detector, you can choose one of the default discrimination patterns (jewelry, relics, coins) or customize your own based on the type of metal you're searching for. There's also pinpoint and zero modes on this Garrett so you can search for very small objects more precisely.
If you've hunted at all in the past, you know that picking up iron in junk is a problem. With the improved iron detection on the Garrett ACE 350, the detector can better separate treasures from useless iron so you aren't digging up lots of trash.
Knowing how deep something is in the ground is very important. You don't want to find something and then just keep digging, hoping you'll just happen upon it. With the continuous coin depth indicator, you can get a much clearer idea of depth and save yourself a lot of time.
One of the unique strengths of the ACE 350 is how well it performs in saltwater and mineralized ground. The secret is in the coil. It's a large, PROformance DD search coil that has a blunted tip and tail. It has better depth detection and reduces the level of interference that high salinity and mineral levels tend have on detectors. You can search much more efficiently on a beach, in the ocean, or in ground with a lot of iron and other minerals.
Most of what you'll find as a hunter are small objects like rings, coins, bullets, and so on. The ACE 350 has a higher frequency, so it is better at detecting those smaller finds than metal detectors with only lower frequencies. In general, the higher the frequency, the better the find.
Most metal detectors require you to buy your own headphones, and using headphones greatly improves the hunting experience. The ACE 350 comes with headphones included, so you can save some money and get started right away.
One of the issues with this detector is that it tends to put out a lot of false signals when you're on the beach. Instead of digging up treasure, you'll find a lot of trash. To improve your experience, set the sensitivity level lower so it isn't detecting every tiny bit of foil it comes across.
If you've really wanted to hunt at the beach, where lots of treasure tend to hide, this is a great metal detector. It has features like an improved coil that help deal with saltwater issues so you can find more treasures and less trash. the Garrett ACE 350 is lightweight and easy to use, and still pretty affordable even with its unique enhanced iron discrimination and coil features.


Join New Hope in Building its new facility at 9300 Decker Lane, and view its progress below.
Click Givelify, your donation amount and building fund to donate towards our new facility.
Your contributions have done some powerful things at New Hope Missionary Baptist Church and we're so grateful for your generosity. That's why we're excited to let you know about a new way to give that is quick, easy and goes with you wherever you go.


UKIP leader Nigel Farage is on the election campaign in the West Country. His visit culminated today with a conference in Torbay. A protestor tried to join him on stage with a birthday cake, but failed to disrupt the conference.
A protester brandishing a cake tried to leap on stage during Nigel Farage's keynote speech to a UKIP conference in Torbay today.
UKIP leader Nigel Farage has been in Cornwall today.
His feathers were ruffled during an interview with Ian Axton about UKIP's immigration policy.
The party wants to ban people with certain health problems from entering the UK.
He will be in Camborne where he'll set out the party's vision for the NHS and life after a possible EU exit.
The party is targeting a number of seats in the South West.


text:
Big Oil Faces Mounting Legal Battles Over Climate Threats to its New England Oil Terminals
East Providence, Rhode Island. Credit: JJBers, CC BY 2.0
Story originally published by DeSmog
A New England-based environmental law group is taking major oil companies to court, claiming the firms have failed to adapt some of their petroleum storage terminals to withstand increasingly severe storm and flooding events worsened by the climate crisis.
The Conservation Law Foundation (CLF) is currently suing both ExxonMobil and Shell in two separate lawsuits brought under federal laws regulating water pollution and hazardous waste, including the Clean Water Act. The cases center around coastal oil terminals and their vulnerability to climate change impacts like sea level rise and heightened storm surge. Exxon operates an oil terminal in Everett, Massachusetts, just outside of Boston, that sits along the Mystic River. Shell's terminal is located in Providence, Rhode Island, along the Providence River.
CLF argues that these facilities pose a grave risk not only to the waterways and environment but also the surrounding communities, given that the oil terminals currently are not designed to standards that account for climate impacts.
"This facility is the ticking time bomb," CLF attorney Chris Kilian said, referring to the Providence terminal, during a hearing held via Zoom on Thursday, August 13. The federal judge presiding over the case, District Judge William Smith, raised a similar point in questioning one of the lawyers representing Shell. Judge Smith said the situation prompting CLF to bring its lawsuit seems to be that "a bomb is going to go off, we just don't know when."
A major storm or flooding event, which climate scientists say are becoming more intense because of climate change, would represent that proverbial "bomb," resulting in a potential environmental disaster should Shell's storage tanks rupture or otherwise leak or spill petrochemicals into the Providence River. This situation has already played out elsewhere in the U.S., such as in Houston during Hurricane Harvey in 2017 and in New Jersey and New York in the wake of Hurricane Sandy in 2012. Oil and petrochemical facilities hit during the storms spilled their hazardous contents into waterways and neighboring communities. Shell's oil terminal in Providence, as CLF pointed out during the hearing, experienced "uncontrolled releases" of pollution during heavy flooding that occurred in 2010.
Still, Shell argues that climate risks are "speculative" and not substantial in the near-term, and therefore it is not required to take action to fortify its Providence oil terminal. Shell is trying to get the case dismissed and further argued that concerns about designing the facility to withstand extreme weather events should have been raised during a recent permitting process, when the oil major was obtaining a new permit for its Providence facility in 2019.
CLF, which first filed the case against Shell in 2017, argued that it is simply suing to enforce the permits. According to CLF, the permits impose a duty on Shell to adhere to best engineering practices in light of climate risks.
"It is defendants' obligations to employ best engineering practices to address the risks of climate change," CLF's Kilian said during the hearing. "They have done nothing to protect Providence River, the surrounding communities, and even their own facility from the known and foreseeable risks from extreme precipitation that are already occurring."
Judge Smith did not make an immediate ruling in the case but said he expects to issue a decision "in the near future."
CLF vs. Big Oil in Massachusetts and Connecticut
In Massachusetts, CLF is pursuing a very similar case against ExxonMobil, and the judge in that case issued a stay, or pause, on proceedings earlier this year. The judge had ruled last year that the case could proceed, but in March he decided to hit pause while the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency reviews and updates Exxon's permit for its Everett terminal, with a renewed permit expected by 2022.
CLF is appealing that decision, pushing for the case to go ahead despite the permitting process.
The environmental organization may soon have yet another climate adaptation case on the books in Connecticut, this time targeting owners of vulnerable oil terminals in New Haven. CLF recently sent letters of intent to sue to three oil companies, Gulf, Magellan, and Shell, that own and operate terminals in flood-prone areas of this coastal Connecticut city.
"The communities surrounding these terminals are constantly at risk of being inundated with a stew of oil and toxic materials. It's long past time for these companies to step up and prepare their facilities for flooding and extreme weather," CLF President Brad Campbell said in a press release announcing the impending New Haven lawsuit. "The courts must hold them accountable under current law to avoid catastrophe."
Meanwhile, communities across the U.S. are suing major oil companies like Chevron, ExxonMobil and Shell over the mounting costs of climate impacts, claiming these companies publicly downplayed climate risks even while taking precautions to protect their own infrastructure from these risks, and in some cases, even asking taxpayers to help cover those costs.
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Exxon operates an oil terminal in Everett, Massachusetts, just outside of Boston, that sits along the Mystic River. Thank you for taking the time to write a great post!
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The judge had ruled last year that the case could proceed, but in March he decided to hit pause while the u.s. Environmental Protection Agency reviews I truly appreciate your great post!


We've blogged about legal translation services and legal interpreters in the context of admissibility and exclusion of foreign language testimony and about translators and interpreters as expert witnesses in federal courts. Expert testimony is frequently needed in international family law cases, and such testimony is often secured in cases concerning international child abduction, particularly in cases in which one parent is seeking to prevent the other from having overseas visitation with the child or relocating with the child to another country.
When expert testimony is used in any of the above mentioned situations, it is essential that a foreign language interpretation is provided. This is essential not only in the foreign jurisdiction, where the language of practice is most likely something other than English, but also for the record in the home jurisdiction. In other words, all documents filed in the foreign jurisdiction should have an English translation for purposes of pursuing a similar action in the US.


text:
package kanzi.entropy;

import java.util.PriorityQueue;
import kanzi.BitStreamException;
import kanzi.InputBitStream;
import kanzi.OutputBitStream;

public class EntropyUtils
{
   private static final int FULL_ALPHABET = 0;
   private static final int PARTIAL_ALPHABET = 1;
   private static final int SEVEN_BIT_ALPHABET = 0;
   private static final int EIGHT_BIT_ALPHABET = 1;
   private static final int DELTA_ENCODED_ALPHABET = 0;
   private static final int BIT_ENCODED_ALPHABET = 1;
   private static final int PRESENT_SYMBOLS_MASK = 0;
   private static final int ABSENT_SYMBOLS_MASK = 1;

   private int[] buf1;
   private int[] buf2;

   public EntropyUtils()
   {
      this.buf1 = new int[0];
      this.buf2 = new int[0];
   }

   // alphabet must be sorted in increasing order
   public static int encodeAlphabet(OutputBitStream obs, int alphabetSize, int[] alphabet)
   {
      // First, push alphabet encoding mode
      if (alphabetSize == 256)
      {
         // Full alphabet
         obs.writeBit(FULL_ALPHABET);
         obs.writeBit(EIGHT_BIT_ALPHABET);
         return 256;
      }

      if (alphabetSize == 128)
      {
         boolean flag = true;

         for (int i=0; ((flag) && (i<128)); i++)
            flag &= (alphabet[i] == i);

         if (flag == true)
         {
            obs.writeBit(FULL_ALPHABET);
            obs.writeBit(SEVEN_BIT_ALPHABET);
            return 128;
         }
      }

      obs.writeBit(PARTIAL_ALPHABET);

      final int[] diffs = new int[32];
      int maxSymbolDiff = 1;

      if ((alphabetSize != 0) && ((alphabetSize < 32) || (alphabetSize > 224)))
      {
         obs.writeBit(DELTA_ENCODED_ALPHABET);

         if (alphabetSize >= 224)
         {
            // Big alphabet, encode all missing symbols
            alphabetSize = 256 - alphabetSize;
            obs.writeBits(alphabetSize, 5);
            obs.writeBit(ABSENT_SYMBOLS_MASK);
            int symbol = 0;
            int previous = 0;

            for (int n=0, i=0; n<alphabetSize; )
            {
               if (symbol == alphabet[i])
               {
                  if (i < alphabet.length-1)
                     i++;

                  symbol++;
                  continue;
               }

               diffs[n] = symbol - previous;
               symbol++;
               previous = symbol;

               if (diffs[n] > maxSymbolDiff)
                  maxSymbolDiff = diffs[n];

               n++;
            }
         }
         else
         {
            // Small alphabet, encode all present symbols
            obs.writeBits(alphabetSize, 5);
            obs.writeBit(PRESENT_SYMBOLS_MASK);
            int previous = 0;

            for (int i=0; i<alphabetSize; i++)
            {
               diffs[i] = alphabet[i] - previous;
               previous = alphabet[i] + 1;

               if (diffs[i] > maxSymbolDiff)
                  maxSymbolDiff = diffs[i];
            }
         }

         // Write log(max(diff)) to bitstream
         int log = 1;

         while (1<<log <= maxSymbolDiff)
            log++;

         obs.writeBits(log-1, 3); // delta size

         // Write all symbols with delta encoding
         for (int i=0; i<alphabetSize; i++)
            obs.writeBits(diffs[i], log);
      }
      else
      {
         // Regular (or empty) alphabet
         obs.writeBit(BIT_ENCODED_ALPHABET);
         long[] masks = new long[4];

         for (int i=0; i<alphabetSize; i++)
            masks[alphabet[i]>>6] |= (1L << (alphabet[i] & 63));

         for (int i=0; i<masks.length; i++)
            obs.writeBits(masks[i], 64);
      }

      return alphabetSize;
   }

   public static int decodeAlphabet(InputBitStream ibs, int[] alphabet) throws BitStreamException
   {
      // Read encoding mode from bitstream
      final int aphabetType = ibs.readBit();

      if (aphabetType == FULL_ALPHABET)
      {
         int alphabetSize = (ibs.readBit() == EIGHT_BIT_ALPHABET) ? 256 : 128;

         // Full alphabet
         for (int i=0; i<alphabetSize; i++)
            alphabet[i] = i;

         return alphabetSize;
      }

      int alphabetSize = 0;
      final int mode = ibs.readBit();

      if (mode == BIT_ENCODED_ALPHABET)
      {
         // Decode presence flags
         for (int i=0; i<256; i+=64)
         {
            final long val = ibs.readBits(64);

            for (int j=0; j<64; j++)
            {
               if ((val & (1L << j)) != 0)
                  alphabet[alphabetSize++] = i + j;
            }
         }
      }
      else // DELTA_ENCODED_ALPHABET
      {
         final int val = (int) ibs.readBits(6);
         final int log = (int) (1 + ibs.readBits(3)); // log(max(diff))
         alphabetSize = val >> 1;
         int n = 0;
         int symbol = 0;

         if ((val & 1) == ABSENT_SYMBOLS_MASK)
         {
            for (int i=0; i<alphabetSize; i++)
            {
               final int next = symbol + (int) ibs.readBits(log);

               while (symbol < next)
                  alphabet[n++] = symbol++;

               symbol++;
            }

            alphabetSize = 256 - alphabetSize;

            while (n < alphabetSize)
               alphabet[n++] = symbol++;
         }
         else
         {
            for (int i=0; i<alphabetSize; i++)
            {
               symbol += (int) ibs.readBits(log);
               alphabet[i] = symbol;
               symbol++;
            }
         }
      }

      return alphabetSize;
   }

   // Not thread safe
   // Returns the size of the alphabet
   // The alphabet and freqs parameters are updated
   public int normalizeFrequencies(int[] freqs, int[] alphabet, int count, int scale)
   {
      if (count == 0)
         return 0;

      if ((scale < 1<<8) || (scale > 1<<16))
         throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid scale parameter: "+ scale +
                 " (must be in [256..65536])");

      int alphabetSize = 0;

      // range == count shortcut
      if (count == scale)
      {
         for (int i=0; i<256; i++)
         {
            if (freqs[i] != 0)
               alphabet[alphabetSize++] = i;
         }

         return alphabetSize;
      }

      if (this.buf1.length < 256)
         this.buf1 = new int[256];

      if (this.buf2.length < 256)
         this.buf2 = new int[256];

      final int[] ranks = this.buf1;
      final int[] errors = this.buf2;
      int sum = -scale;

      // Scale frequencies by stretching distribution over complete range
      for (int i=0; i<256; i++)
      {
         alphabet[i] = 0;
         errors[i] = -1;
         ranks[i] = i;

         if (freqs[i] == 0)
            continue;

         long sf = (long) freqs[i] * scale;
         int scaledFreq = (int) (sf / count);

         if (scaledFreq == 0)
         {
            // Quantum of frequency
            scaledFreq = 1;
         }
         else
         {
            // Find best frequency rounding value
            long errCeiling = ((scaledFreq+1) * (long) count) - sf;
            long errFloor = sf - (scaledFreq * (long) count);

            if (errCeiling < errFloor)
            {
               scaledFreq++;
               errors[i] = (int) errCeiling;
            }
            else
            {
               errors[i] = (int) errFloor;
            }
         }

         alphabet[alphabetSize++] = i;
         sum += scaledFreq;
         freqs[i] = scaledFreq;
      }

      if (alphabetSize == 0)
         return 0;

      if (alphabetSize == 1)
      {
         freqs[alphabet[0]] = scale;
         return 1;
      }

      if (sum != 0)
      {
         // Need to normalize frequency sum to range
         final int inc = (sum > 0) ? -1 : 1;
         PriorityQueue<FreqSortData> queue = new PriorityQueue<FreqSortData>();

         // Create sorted queue of present symbols (except those with 'quantum frequency')
         for (int i=0; i<alphabetSize; i++)
         {
            if (errors[alphabet[i]] >= 0)
               queue.add(new FreqSortData(errors, freqs, alphabet[i]));
         }

         while ((sum != 0) && (queue.size() > 0))
         {
            // Remove symbol with highest error
            FreqSortData fsd = queue.poll();

             // Do not zero out any frequency
             if (freqs[fsd.symbol] == -inc)
                continue;

             // Distort frequency and error
             freqs[fsd.symbol] += inc;
             errors[fsd.symbol] -= scale;
             sum += inc;
             queue.add(fsd);
         }
      }

      return alphabetSize;
   }

   private static class FreqSortData implements Comparable<FreqSortData>
   {
      final int symbol;
      final int[] errors;
      final int[] frequencies;

      public FreqSortData(int[] errors, int[] frequencies, int symbol)
      {
         this.errors = errors;
         this.frequencies = frequencies;
         this.symbol = symbol & 0xFF;
      }

      @Override
      public boolean equals(Object o)
      {
         if (o == null)
            return false;

         if (this == o)
            return true;

         return ((FreqSortData) o).symbol == this.symbol;
      }

      @Override
      public int hashCode()
      {
         return this.symbol;
      }

      @Override
      public int compareTo(FreqSortData sd)
      {
         // Decreasing error
         int res = sd.errors[sd.symbol] - this.errors[this.symbol];

         // Decreasing frequency
         if (res == 0)
         {
            res = sd.frequencies[sd.symbol] - this.frequencies[this.symbol];

            // Decreasing symbol
            if (res == 0)
               return sd.symbol - this.symbol;
         }

         return res;
      }
   }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Car bomb attack
Car bomb kills 8 people in Syria's Afrin: monitor
The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights said it was not clear who was behind the blast in the city, which was seized from Kurdish forces earlier this year.
Car bomb kills seven civilians in Egypt's North Sinai – army
No group has claimed responsibility for the attack. Four gunmen were inside the vehicle, the army said.
Taliban suicide car bomber kills dozens in Afghan capital
Monday's suicide bombing, which targeted government personnel, continued the unrelenting violence that has killed more than 1,700 civilians in Afghanistan so far this year.
Car bomb wounds 42 at supermarket in southern Thailand
Attacks in Thailand's deep south, near the border with Muslim-majority Malaysia, have intensified this year.
Car bomb kills 8, wounds dozens in Iraq's Tikrit city
The car was parked in al-Atibaa Street in downtown Tikrit, which is often crowded as it has many clinics.
Car bomb goes off in Somali capital
A car bomb went off in Mogadishu, wounding three people, a Reuters witness says.
Car bomb explodes near Mogadishu's port, three killed – police
There was no immediate claim of responsibility though al-Shabaab has been carrying out a series of deadly attacks in Somalia.
Car bomb kills 10 in Egypt
There has been no immediate claim of responsibility for the attack.
2 South Africans dead in Mogadishu
It's believed a suicide bomber detonated a car bomb and the building was then stormed by insurgents.
25 die in Pakistani blast
25 people died and 65 were injured after a bomb blast in northwest Pakistan.
Baghdad car bomb kills 8
A car bomb exploded in Baghdad on Thursday killing at least eight people.
Bomb at Italy school kills teen
A bomb exploded in front of a school in southern Italy on Saturday, killing a 16 year-old girl.


Kairos is a greek word that describes opportune and timeless moments in life when something important is happening. We view each session as an opportune or kairos moment in which we can partner with our clients to foster healing and growth. For additional information, click here.
Counseling fees vary from $90 per session to $130 per session. Reduced fees are available on a limited basis for clients with low income. For additional information, click here.
Dr. Atkinson accepts TRICARE, and we are "Out of Network" for all other insurance plans. We are happy to provide documentation for clients to bill their insurance for reimbursement. For additional information, click here.
We are open Monday – Friday, and do not schedule appointments on the weekends. We do have evening appointments available most weekdays for those who need appointments outside of regular business hours.
Our standard appointment length is 50 minutes, but this may be extended in certain circumstances. Additional fees may apply for appointments longer than 50 minutes.
We now have two locations. Our main office is located at 5063 Maple Rd. in Vacaville, CA on the campus of Valley Church. We also provide services at the Denham Counseling Center at 419 Elizabeth Street, Vacaville, CA. For maps and directions, click here.
Our therapists will conduct a thorough interview to get to know each client and the reasons they are seeking treatment. We also collaborate in crafting a treatment plan that will address their presenting problem. For additional information, click here.
Do you offer Christian counseling?
The term "Christian Counseling" has been defined in multiple ways. We provide evidence-based therapy that meets the highest standards of practice. For clients who wish to incorporate their faith into their treatment, it is our goal to help them leverage the strength and healing available within their religious tradition. For additional information, click here.


Manchester United look set to be handed a huge boost with goalkeeper David de Gea nearing an agreement for a new five year contract, with less than 18 months of his current deal left .
Ever since Sir Alex Ferguson retired as manager of Manchester United in 2013 the club's most important player has been David de Gea, the goalkeeper has won the club's Player of the Season award for four of the five seasons.
Things haven't exactly gone great for the 13 time Premier League winners since their legendary manager hung up the chewing gum but they'd be in a much worse situation if it weren't for the Spaniard.
Even during the recent upturn in fortunes under Ole Gunnar Solskjaer, that's seen the interim boss win the Manager of the Month award, De Gea has been integral, especially in his performance in the 1-0 win over Spurs last month.
The thought of losing the former Atletico Madrid goalie would be enough to keep any United up late at night, never mind the manager, but with just 18 months left on his deal that remains a big prospect.
There's been a long stand-off between the club and the player with negotiations going on since the summer but according to the Metro that is set to come to an end with De Gea about to sign a new five year deal.
The 28 year old had wanted to be given parity with the club's top earners and the paper report that he will be given a £375,000 a week deal, making him one of the world's top paid players.
De Gea will be signed on till 2024 and will have a big increase on his £120k a week current deal. The extension would follow recent deals for Marcus Rashford and Anthony Martial.
Solskjaer has won nine of his first 10 games with the only game they failed to win being the 2-2 draw with Burnley. when they came back from two goals down.
That form has put the Red Devils within striking distance of finishing in the top four and qualifying for the Champions League next season.
With De Gea signed up and in the team for the long term anything is possible.


The NFRG ball-rail system is designed with corrosion-resistant steel, making it suitable for humid to wet environments. Available in five sizes, the system withstands relative humidity above 70% and temperatures above 30°C over an indefinite period.
The system's plastic parts are resistant to weak acids, lyes, organic solvents, oils, and alcohols. The profiled rail can be mounted from the top using the clip-on stainless-steel cover strip for a smooth surface. Users can also cover the mounting holes with white caps, or mount the profiled rail from underneath. The ball runner blocks are not prelubricated so users can fill in the lubricant recommended for their specific applications. Lube ports with metal threads give engineers a greater degree of freedom when space is tight.
When combined with screens or other protective barriers, the system is suitable for splash areas and wet working zones in food processing, where liquid, moist, or sticky foods stick to machine parts, or which are wet-cleaned and disinfected. The ball runner blocks come in flange or narrow versions in accuracy class H and in three preload classes. The ball's O configuration ensures the system has the required rigidity and load capacities in all four main loading directions.


text:
South Korean government finalized amended NB-IoT standards aiming to launch the world's first, commercial NB-IoT network in June
The MSIP, a South Korean government authority, announced the finalized technological standards for Narrowband IoT commercialization on March 31th. KT and LG U+ plan to begin deployment of an NB-IoT network and launch a trial service starting from April, with an aim to launch commercial services in June.
Verizon and Samsung launch 4G LTE Small Cell Solution for enhanced In-Building Coverage for Enterprise Customers
Cost-effective 4G LTE Verizon Network Extender for Enterprise provides fast, reliable access to voice (VoLTE) and data service for business
Quantum Mobile, Sejong Telecom, and K Mobile compete for 4th Mobile Telecommunication Business in Korea
11/06/2015 | By An, Hochun
Ministry of Science, ICP and Future Planning (MSIP) had made an announcement on the 30th that it had received applications from 3 corporations Quantum Mobile, Sejong Mobile, and K Mobile after finishing its application process, which had lasted for 2 months since 31st of August, for approval to become a common carrier and for frequency allocation.
SK Telecom opens 5G Playground to lead Innovation towards 5G Commercialization
SK Telecom today held a press conference to announce the opening of '5G Playground,' an integrated innovation center for development of 5G technologies and use cases, at its Corporate R&D Center located in Bundang, Korea. During the press conference, SK Telecom also unveiled plans to launch a 5G trial service in 2017.
Chairman Hwang Chang Kyu of KT says that KT will lead 4th Industry Revolution with its World-Best Giga-Infra
Chairman Hwang Chang Kyu of KT put out telecommunication-edition of 'Hwang's Law' and declared that it will lead South Korea's 4th industry revolution with 'intelligent giga-infra' and 'ICT convergence' as revolution's key words. KT will invest $10.9 billion (13 trillion KRW) until 2020.
LG U+ and Nokia: CA and pooling demonstration using vRAN and commercial smartphone
LG U+ announced on the 16th that it, jointly with Nokia, a global network equipment vendor, conducted a demonstration of deploying 'commercial' base station software over universal IT servers by means of vRAN. The companies also modified the architecture of C-RAN so that key features previously performed in DU can be performed in RRH instead, proving themselves ready for 5G era where ultra-high speed transmission services are required.
MSIP is going to realign 800 MHz by 2018 and change it to Mobile Communication or IoT-Purpose
Ministry of Science, ICP and Future Planning (MSIP) is going to collect bandwidth of 800 MHz National Convergence Network (Frequency Common Communication TRS method), which is used by railroads, police departments, and fire departments, by 2018 and use it for mobile communication or IoT.
After 2 Rounds on Phone and TV, who will be the Winner of Round 3 (Home IoT)?
09/01/2015 | By Yun Sang-ho
Again, 'home' is about to be a game field for another fierce game among the big 3 network operators in Korea. First it was about telephone, then TV, and now it is the Internet of Things (IoT). We do not know who will win yet, but we DO know that this time the winner will probably take it all.
LG U+ co-developed an open SDN with Ericsson-LG
LG U+ announced on the 1st that it, jointly with Ericsson-LG, has developed an application-based Software Defined Networking (SDN) technology that would allow operators to launch new services faster and have them work effortlessly.
SK Telecom installed a Key 5G System in Cooperation with Samsung Electronics
SK Telecom announced on the 30th that it completed building a system designed to help R&D of 'mmWave' technology, one of the key 5G technologies, at its R&D center in Bundang, in collaboration with Samsung Electronics.
KT and LG Electronics release World's First 'PC Single Unit-Type IPTV' Olleh TV All In One Service is offered and Platform can be changed with a remote
08/28/2015 | By Yoon, Heeseok
KT and LG Electronics released world's first 'all in one TV' that combines PC and IPTV140. It is a new concept of TV that allows one to watch IPTV and immediately change to PC to search the internet.
Korea becomes a Battlefield for Global UHD Broadcasting - MSIP approves Retransmission of Foreign Channels
Korea has become a battle field for global UHD broadcasting. As 3 paid broadcasting stations such as Cable TV, IPTV, and Satellite Broadcasting all commercialize UHD broadcasting, foreign UHD channel businesses are slowly gathering at Korean market. Ministry of Science, ICP and Future Planning (MSIP) recently approved retransmission of Virgin Island's media business called Footprint Media Holding's High TV 4K channels in Korea.
Korea-Vietnam Sign ICT Cooperation MOU, Hold Business Meeting - Opportunity for Korean communication equipment and solution companies to enter Vietnamese market
The Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning (MSIP) signed a memorandum of understanding (MOU) for information and communication technology (ICT) cooperation with the Ministry of Information and Communication of Vietnam, and hosted meetings to encourage greater cooperation between business from both nations (July 3rd).
SK Telecom to realize the World's First LTE Network for Seamless Maritime Wireless Communications
SK Telecom today announced plans to launch the world's first pilot LTE-M (LTE for Maritime Wireless Communications) network, as part of a research and development project led by the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries (MOF).
WiGig that is Faster than Giga Wi-Fi is coming out
Ministry of Science, ICP, and Future Planning (MSIP) announced on the 1st that it has notified that wireless installation regulation to be revised so that next-generation wireless LAN standard 'WiGig (Wireless Gigabit)' product, where Wi-Fi can be used at 60 GHz ultra-high frequency bandwidth (57~64 GHz), can be released.
SK Telecom and Ericsson to collaborate on 5G Network Slicing
SK Telecom today announced that it has signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with Ericsson to collaborate on the development of a 5G core network that deploys network slicing technology.
LG U+ awarded for VoLTE Service at MWC Shanghai 2015
On July 15, LG U+ was awarded for its contribution in development of LTE-based interconnected VoLTE service at Mobile World Congress (MWC) Shanghai 2015.
SK Telecom Collaborates with Intel on 5G Enabling Technologies
SK Telecom today announced that it extended its strategic collaboration with Intel to cooperate on the development and performance verification of 5G technologies.
KT opened 5G R&D center with 6 Global Mobile Vendors
KT, an ICT industry leader in Korea who has just commercialized GiGA LTE only a month ago, announced on the 9th that it now opened 5G R&D Center, equipped with the latest network equipment and professionals from global leading vendors, at its Woomyon Research Center in Seoul, to take the lead in development of 5G ecosystem around the world.


text:
Yasuhito Suzuki (n. 29 decembrie 1959) este un fost fotbalist japonez.

Statistici

Legături externe

Japan National Football Team Database

Fotbaliști japonezi
Fotbaliști internaționali japonezi
Oameni în viață

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Q: QooxDoo: Is there is any contribute for "Auto Completion" in Form Elements I am new to QooDoo, Now i am developing a web application in QooxDoo and PHP, This application has multiple forms.
It'll very use full if qooxdoo has a "auto complete" feature in its form elements  like TextField, ComboBox, SelectBox etc..
Is there is any library avaliable to implement auto-completion in qooxdoo ?
Thanks in advance.

A: The qooxdoo framework and the qooxdoo contributions do not offer such a feature. But using a combobox and data binding give you good tools to implement that yourself.

A: link to ComboTable
http://demo.qooxdoo.org/contrib/demobrowser/#ComboTable~trunk%2Fdefault%2F1.4.2%2Findex.html
...............................................................................


Echinacea, or purple coneflower, is a perennial herb of the Composite family, commonly known as the daisy family. Most often referred to as the purple coneflower, this hardy plant also known as Sampson root, Missouri snakeroot, and rudbeckia. The prominent, bristly seed head inspired the generic name of the plant, taken from the Greek word echinos meaning hedgehog.
Echinacea is a North American prairie native, abundant in the Mid-west, and cultivated widely in ornamental and medicinal gardens. The purple-pink rays of the blossom droop downward from a brassy hued center cone composed of many small, tubular florets. The conspicuous flowers bloom singly on stout, prickly stems from mid-summer to autumn. Flower heads may grow to 4 in (10.16 cm) across. The dark green leaves are opposite, entire, lanceolate, toothed, and hairy with three prominent veins. The narrow upper leaves are attached to the stem with stalks. The lower leaves are longer, emerging from the stem without a leaf stalk, and growing to 8 in (20.32 cm) in length. The plant develops deep, slender, black roots. Echinacea propagates easily from seed or by root cuttings. However, due to its increasing popularity as an herbal supplement, echinacea is numbered among the 19 medicinal plants considered at risk by the Vermont nonprofit organization, United Plant Savers.
Three species of echinacea are useful medicinally: Echinacea augustifolia, Echinacea purpurea, and Echinacea pallida. The entire plant has numerous medicinal properties that act synergistically to good effect. Echinacea is most often used to boost the immune system and fight infection. Research has shown that echinacea increases production of interferon in the body. It is antiseptic and antimicrobial, with properties that act to increase the number of white blood cells available to destroy bacteria and slow the spread of infection. As a depurative, the herbal extract cleanses and purifies the bloodstream, and has been used effectively to treat boils. Echinacea is vulnerary, promoting wound healing through the action of a chemical substance in the root known as caffeic acid glycoside. As an alterative and an immuno-modulator, echinacea acts gradually to promote beneficial change in the entire system. It has also been used to treat urinary infection and Candida albicans infections. Echinacea is a febrifuge, useful in reducing fevers. It is also useful in the treatment of hemorrhoids. A tincture, or a strong decoction of echinacea serves as an effective mouthwash for the treatment of pyorrhea and gingivitis.
Native American plains Indians relied on echinacea as an all-purpose antiseptic. The Sioux tribe valued the root as a remedy for snake bite, the Cheyenne tribe chewed the root to quench thirst, and another tribe washed their hands in a decoction of echinacea to increase their tolerance of heat. European settlers learned of the North American herb's many uses, and soon numerous echinacea-based remedies were commercially available from pharmaceutical companies in the United States. Echinacea was a popular remedy in the United States through the 1930s. It was among many medicinal herbs listed in the U.S. Pharmacopoeia, the official United States government listing of pharmaceutical raw materials and recipes. The herb fell out of popular use in the United States with the availability of antibiotics. In West Germany, over 200 preparations are made from the species E. purpurea. Commercially prepared salves, tinctures, teas, and extracts are marketed using standardized extracts. Echinacea is regaining its status in the United States as a household medicine-chest staple in many homes. It is one of the best-selling herbal supplements in United States health food stores.
Clinical studies have found that the entire plant possesses medicinal properties with varying levels of effectiveness. Echinacea is of particular benefit in the treatment of upper respiratory tract infections. Some research has shown that echinacea activates the macrophages that destroy cancer cells and pathogens. When taken after cancer treatments, an extract of the root has been found to increase the body's production of white blood cells. Echinacea has been shown to be most effective when taken at the first sign of illness, rather than when used as a daily preventative. Other research has demonstrated the significant effect of E. purpurea root on reducing the duration and severity of colds and flu. Some herbal references list only the root as the medicinal part, others include the aerial parts of the plant, particularly the leaf. Research studies in Europe and the United States have concluded that the entire plant is medicinally effective. Most research has been done on the species E. pallida and E. purpurea. All three species of echinacea are rich in vitamins and minerals. Echinacea is an herbal source of niacin, chromium, iron, manganese, selenium, silicon, and zinc.
The quality of any herbal supplement depends greatly on the conditions of weather and soil where the herb was grown, the timing and care in harvesting, and the manner of preparation and storage.
Decoction is the best method to extract the mineral salts and other healing components from the coarser herb materials, such as the root, bark, and stems. It is prepared by adding 1 oz (28.4 g) of the dried plant materials, or 2 oz (56.7 g) of fresh plant parts, to 1 pt (0.47 l) of pure, unchlorinated, boiled water in a non-metallic pot. Simmer for about one half hour. Strain and cover. A decoction may be refrigerated for up to two days and retain its healing qualities.
An infusion is the method used to derive benefits from the leaves, flowers, and stems in the form of an herbal tea. Use twice as much fresh, chopped herb as dried herb. Steep in 1 pt (0.47 l) of boiled, unchlorinated water for 10-15 minutes. Strain and cover. Drink warm, sweetened with honey if desired. A standard dose is three cups per day. An infusion will keep for up to two days in the refrigerator and retain its healing qualities.
A tincture is the usual method to prepare a concentrated form of the herbal remedy. Tinctures, properly prepared and stored, will retain medicinal potency for two years or more. Combine 4 oz (114 g) of finely cut fresh or powdered dry herb with 1 pt (0.47 l) of brandy, gin, or vodka in a glass container. The alcohol should be enough to cover the plant parts and have a 50/50 ratio of alcohol to water. Place the mixture away from light for about two weeks, shaking several times each day. Strain and store in a tightly capped, dark glass bottle. A standard dose is 0.14 oz (4 ml) of the tincture three times a day.
Echinacea is considered safe in recommended doses. Pregnant or lactating women, however, are advised not to take echinacea in injection form. Because the plant has proven immuno-modulating properties, individuals with systemic lupus erythmatosus, rheumatoid arthritis, tuberculosis, leukemia, multiple sclerosis, or AIDS should consult their physician before using echinacea. Echinacea should not be given to children under two years of age, and it should only be given to children over two in consultation with a physician. Research indicates that echinacea is most effective when taken at first onset of symptoms of cold or flu, and when usage is continued no longer than eight weeks. There is some indication that the herb loses its effectiveness when used over a long period of time. It is necessary to interrupt use for a minimum of several weeks in order to give the body's immune system the opportunity to rest and adjust.
No side effects are reported with oral administration of echinacea, either in tincture, capsule, or as a tea, when taken according to recommended doses. Chills, fever, and allergic reactions have been reported in some research studies using an injection of the plant extract.
Alterative — A medicinal substance that acts gradually to nourish and improve the system.
Antimicrobial — A plant substance that acts to inhibit the growth of harmful microorganisms, or acts to destroy them.
Febrifuge — A plant substance that acts to prevent or reduce fever.
Glycoside — An herbal carbohydrate that exerts powerful effect on hormone-producing tissues. The glycoside breaks down into a sugar and a non-sugar component.
Lanceolate — Narrow, leaf shape that is longer than it is wide, and pointed at the end.
Macrophage — Specialized cells present throughout the lymphoid tissues of the body that circulate in the bloodstream. Macrophages have a surface marker that stimulates other cells to react to an antigen.
None reported. When used in combination with other herbs, dosage should be lowered.
Deneen, Sally, and Tracey C. Rembert. "StalkingMedicinal Plants, An International Trade Imperils Wild Herbs." E Magazine July-August 1999.
Herb World News Online, Research Reviews. Herb Research Foundation. 1999. http://www.herbs.org.
/Echi·na·cea/ (ek″ĭ-na´shah) a genus of North American flowering herbs. E. purpu´rea is used for colds and respiratory and urinary tract infections and for wounds and burns. E. pal´lida root is used for fevers and colds. E. angustifo´lia is used in folk medicine.
1. Any of several coneflowers of the genus Echinacea, having usually pinkish-purple ray flowers.
2. The roots, seeds, or other parts of such a plant, used in herbal medicine.
a perennial herb found only in Missouri, Nebraska, and Kansas in the United States.
uses It is used for those with low immune status, for hard-to-heal superficial wounds, and as a sun protectant. It is most commonly used to treat the common cold and upper respiratory infections. It has no apparent protective effects but may decrease the duration and symptoms of the infection if started when symptoms are first noticed. There are insufficient reliable data for other indications.
contraindications It is not recommended during pregnancy and lactation or in children. It is also contraindicated in people who have autoimmune diseases such as lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, HIV/AIDS, or collagen disease and in people with tuberculosis or hypersensitivity to Bellis species or the Compositae family of herbs. Immunosuppression may occur after extended therapy with this herb. It should not be used for more than 8 weeks.
A flower essence believed to provide a sense of self in the face of adversity.
A perennial herb, the roots and rhizomes of which contain betain, essential oils (including caryophylene and humulene), echinocoside (which has antibacterail activity), glycosides, inulin, isobutyl amides, resin and sesquiterpene. It is antibacterial, antiviral and diaphoretic; it has been used topically for eczema, herpes, insect and snake bites, itching and wounds, and internally for gastrointestinal, respiratory and urinary tract infections, infectious mononucleosis, septicaemia, sore throat, toothaches and to detoxify blood.
(Echinacea angustifolia, E. pallida, E. purpurea) A widely used herbal supplement claimed to act against infectious diseases; some clinical studies suggest value in preventing and treating the common cold; severe adverse reactions include anaphylaxis and angioedema.
Synonym(s): comb flower, cone-flower, Missouri (Kansas) snakeroot, snakeroot.
a genus of plants in the family Astraceae; source of the popular herbal product echinacea, used mainly as a stimulant of the immune system.


text:
Q: Want hint to find surface integral of hemisphere **Let S denote the hemisphere $x^2+y^2+z^2=1$ , $z\ge0$, and let F(x,y,z)=xi+yj. Let n be the unit outward normal of S. Compute the value of the surface integral $\iint_S{F.n} dS$ , using
a) the vector representation r(u,v)= sinu cosv i+ sinu sinv j + cosu k
b) the explicit representation z=$\sqrt{1-x^2-y^2}$**
Now I have mentioned the formula for surface integral in the picture but have no idea to proceed. How shall I find P[r(u,v)] ,etc? Or  am I using wrong formula?
I am using textbook T.M Apostol: Calculus, Vol II (2nd edition)

A: You are using the correct book formula, but you now have to let correspond the variables in that formula to your situation. I'd write the formula in this way:
$$\int_S{\bf F}\cdot{\bf n}\>{\rm d}\omega=\int_T {\bf F}\bigl({\bf r}(u,v)\bigr)\cdot\bigl({\bf r}_u(u,v)\times{\bf r}_v(u,v)\bigr)\>{\rm d}(u,v)\ ,$$
up to sign. This means that you have to plug in the parametric representation ${\bf r}(u,v)$ of $S$ into the definition of the vector field ${\bf F}$.
The example at hand is rotationally symmetric with respect to the $z$-axis. This fact permits  a considerable simplification of the computation. Note that at each point ${\bf r}\in S$ the field vector ${\bf F}({\bf r})$ is the projection ${\bf r}'$ of ${\bf r}$ to the $(x,y)$-plane. When the geographical latitude of ${\bf r}$ is $\theta$ then $${\bf F}({\bf r})\cdot{\bf n}={\bf r}'\cdot{\bf r}=\cos^2\theta\qquad\left(0\leq\theta\leq{\pi\over2}\right)\ .$$
The area ${\rm d}\omega$ of the infinitesimal latitude annulus defined by $[\theta,\theta+d\theta]$ is given by $2\pi\cos\theta \>d\theta$. We therefore obtain
$$\int_S{\bf F}\cdot{\bf n}\>{\rm d}\omega=2\pi\int_0^{\pi/2}\cos^3\theta\>d\theta={4\pi\over3}\ .$$