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Climate - Harbin (Heilongjiang)
You are here: Home --> Asia --> China --> Harbin
The climate of Harbin is continental, influenced by the Asian monsoon, with freezing, dry winters and hot, rainy summers.
The city is the capital of the Heilongjiang province and is located in the north-east of China, at almost 46 degrees north latitude, on the banks of the Songhua River (or Haixi), a tributary of the Amur.
The winter is very cold because cold air masses of Siberian origin prevail. The sun shines quite often and snowfalls are rare. However, given the low temperatures, the low amount of snow that falls doesn't melt, so the winter landscape is usually covered with snow. Owing to the cold, the sculptures of the "Harbin International Ice and Snow Sculpture Festival", which is held every year in January, are preserved for weeks.
In summer, the heat is not constant as in central-southern China. Rainy periods can be quite cool, with highs around 22/25 °C (72/77 °F). However, in good weather it can get very hot. Generally, the temperature begins to decrease already in the second half of August.
The best time to visit Harbin is from mid-May to mid-September, since in the rest of the year it can get cold. It must be said that from late May to August, it can sometimes get very hot, plus the summer is the rainiest season, especially in July and August.
Harbin - Climate data
In Harbin, the average temperature of the coldest month (January) is of -17.2 °C (1.1 °F), that of the warmest month (July) is of 23.8 °C (74.9 °F). Here are the average temperatures.
Harbin - Average temperatures (2000-2020)
-22 -12 -17.2 -8 10 1.1
-18 -7 -12.3 0 20 9.9
2 14 8 36 57 46.3
0.4 10.6 5.45 32.7 51 42
In Harbin, precipitation amounts to 585 millimeters (23 inches) per year: so, it is at an intermediate level. It ranges from 4 mm (0.2 in) in the driest month (January) to 165 mm (6.5 in) in the wettest one (July). Here is the average precipitation.
Harbin - Average precipitation
In Harbin, there are on average around 2570 sunshine hours per year. Here are the average hours of sunshine per day.
Harbin - Sunshine hours
Harbin - Weather by month
In January, the coldest month of the year, the weather in Harbin is usually freezing cold. The average temperature is of -17.2 °C (1 °F), with a minimum of -22.2 °C (-8 °F) and a maximum of -12.1 °C (10.2 °F).
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around -29 °C (-20.5 °F). However, it dropped to -36.2 °C (-33.2 °F) in January 2001.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around -3.5 °C (26 °F). However, it reached 3.3 °C (37.9 °F) in January 2013.
Precipitation amounts to only 4 mm (0.2 in), and all occurs in one day.
In February, the weather in Harbin is usually freezing cold. The average temperature is of -12.3 °C (10 °F), with a minimum of -18 °C (-0.4 °F) and a maximum of -6.6 °C (20.1 °F).
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around -27 °C (-17 °F). However, it dropped to -37.3 °C (-35.1 °F) in February 2001.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around 3.5 °C (38.5 °F). However, it reached 10.6 °C (51.1 °F) in February 2019.
In March, the weather in Harbin is usually very cold. The average temperature is of -2.4 °C (28 °F), with a minimum of -7.8 °C (18 °F) and a maximum of 3.1 °C (37.6 °F).
On the coldest nights, which normally occur at the beginning of the month, the temperature usually drops to around -19 °C (-1.5 °F). However, it dropped to -27.2 °C (-17 °F) in March 2018.
On the warmest days, which normally occur at the end of the month, the temperature usually reaches around 14 °C (57 °F). However, it reached 22.6 °C (72.7 °F) in March 2018.
In April, the weather in Harbin is usually quite mild. The average temperature is of 8.0 °C (46 °F), with a minimum of 2.2 °C (36 °F) and a maximum of 13.7 °C (56.7 °F).
On the coldest nights, which normally occur at the beginning of the month, the temperature usually drops to around -5.5 °C (22 °F). However, it dropped to -9.5 °C (14.9 °F) in April 2012.
On the warmest days, which normally occur at the end of the month, the temperature usually reaches around 25.5 °C (78 °F). However, it reached 32.5 °C (90.5 °F) in April 2015.
In May, the weather in Harbin is usually very mild. The average temperature is of 15.9 °C (61 °F), with a minimum of 10.1 °C (50.2 °F) and a maximum of 21.7 °C (71.1 °F).
On the coldest nights, which normally occur at the beginning of the month, the temperature usually drops to around 3 °C (37 °F). However, it dropped to 0.4 °C (32.7 °F) in May 2003.
On the warmest days, which normally occur at the end of the month, the temperature usually reaches around 31.5 °C (89 °F). However, it reached 36.2 °C (97.2 °F) in May 2014.
In June, the weather in Harbin is usually warm. The average temperature is of 21.6 °C (71 °F), with a minimum of 16.4 °C (61.5 °F) and a maximum of 26.8 °C (80.2 °F).
On the coldest nights, which normally occur at the beginning of the month, the temperature usually drops to around 10.5 °C (50.5 °F). However, it dropped to 6.5 °C (43.7 °F) in June 2017.
On the warmest days, which normally occur at the end of the month, the temperature usually reaches around 34 °C (93.5 °F). However, it reached 39.2 °C (102.6 °F) in June 2001.
In July, the warmest month of the year, the weather in Harbin is usually warm to hot and muggy. The average temperature is of 23.8 °C (75 °F), with a minimum of 19.5 °C (67.1 °F) and a maximum of 28.2 °C (82.8 °F).
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around 14.5 °C (58.5 °F). However, it dropped to 9.8 °C (49.6 °F) in July 2006.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around 33 °C (91 °F). However, it reached 36.5 °C (97.7 °F) in July 2000.
In August, the weather in Harbin is usually warm. The average temperature is of 22.4 °C (72 °F), with a minimum of 17.9 °C (64.2 °F) and a maximum of 26.8 °C (80.2 °F).
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around 12 °C (53.5 °F). However, it dropped to 5.5 °C (41.9 °F) in August 2017.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around 31.5 °C (89 °F). However, it reached 34.3 °C (93.7 °F) in August 2016.
In September, the weather in Harbin is usually very mild. The average temperature is of 16.4 °C (62 °F), with a minimum of 10.8 °C (51.4 °F) and a maximum of 22 °C (71.6 °F).
On the coldest nights, which normally occur at the end of the month, the temperature usually drops to around 3 °C (37 °F). However, it dropped to -1.7 °C (28.9 °F) in September 2014.
On the warmest days, which normally occur at the beginning of the month, the temperature usually reaches around 28.5 °C (83 °F). However, it reached 31.4 °C (88.5 °F) in September 2010.
In October, the weather in Harbin is usually quite mild. The average temperature is of 7.4 °C (45 °F), with a minimum of 2.1 °C (35.8 °F) and a maximum of 12.7 °C (54.9 °F).
On the coldest nights, which normally occur at the end of the month, the temperature usually drops to around -5.5 °C (21.5 °F). However, it dropped to -10.4 °C (13.3 °F) in October 2016.
On the warmest days, which normally occur at the beginning of the month, the temperature usually reaches around 23 °C (73.5 °F). However, it reached 28.6 °C (83.5 °F) in October 2019.
In November, the weather in Harbin is usually very cold. The average temperature is of -4.4 °C (24 °F), with a minimum of -8.7 °C (16.3 °F) and a maximum of 0 °C (32 °F).
On the coldest nights, which normally occur at the end of the month, the temperature usually drops to around -19 °C (-2.5 °F). However, it dropped to -24.7 °C (-12.5 °F) in November 2016.
On the warmest days, which normally occur at the beginning of the month, the temperature usually reaches around 12.5 °C (54.5 °F). However, it reached 17.6 °C (63.7 °F) in November 2009.
In December, the weather in Harbin is usually freezing cold. The average temperature is of -14.8 °C (5 °F), with a minimum of -19.1 °C (-2.4 °F) and a maximum of -10.4 °C (13.3 °F).
On the coldest nights of the month, the temperature usually drops to around -27 °C (-16.5 °F). However, it dropped to -33 °C (-27.4 °F) in December 2000.
On the warmest days of the month, the temperature usually reaches around 0.5 °C (32.5 °F). However, it reached 8.2 °C (46.8 °F) in December 2018.
Precipitation amounts to only 8 mm (0.3 in), distributed over 2 days.
Back to Asia --> China


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ACCEPTED

#### According to
The Catalogue of Life, 3rd January 2011

#### Published in
Trans. Br. mycol. Soc. 77(2): 284 (1981)

#### Original name
Digitodesmium P.M. Kirk

### Remarks
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


This unique 4 bedroom Chloraka property for sale is situated in a quiet residential street, within easy walking distance to the centre of Chloraka village. Chloraka has a wide range of amenities and is a few minute's drive from Paphos Town, the coast road and local beaches.
The property is wonderfully quirky and full of character. Features include wood beamed ceilings, decorative wood framed arch windows, open fireplaces, solid wood doors, oak kitchen, gallery landing and much more.
The accommodation is split level in design and spacious throughout. On entering the property, to the right is a comfortable lounge with shelved alcoves on either side of a central feature fireplace and to the left is a spacious formal dining area.
Three small steps lead up to a second spacious sitting room with corner open fireplace and a large kitchen/breakfast room which is nicely separated by decorative arches and breakfast bar. Off the kitchen is a utility room and direct access to the garage.
Sliding patio doors from the sitting room provide easy access to a fabulous private courtyard with tiled swimming pool and covered outdoor dining/seating area from where stunning sea views can be enjoyed.
Four double size bedrooms with fitted wardrobes are accessed via the gallery landing off the sitting room. Three bedrooms have en-suite facilities and the master bedroom also benefits from a walk-in closet and direct access to the courtyard area.
The outdoor space is designed with low maintenance in mind. There are further paved terraces to the front of the property and a huge raised veranda with sea views accessed from one of the four bedrooms.


VAT on Art Education - eligible bodies and business activities - I'd be interested to hear from all art schools which do not qualify as eligible bodies.
VAT on Digital Services - required reading for anybody who is supplying anything for sale which is a digital supply.
Calculate VAT Taxable Turnover - those who indulge in barter would be well-advised to pay attention to this!
VAT on Art Societies ("Clubs and Associations") - which needs more work. I'd like to hear from art societies who have sought and received expert advice on how they account for or claim exemption from VAT.
Nothing is particularly related to recent changes so much as the needed to be reviewed and needing to review and update for changes which have been made by HMRC - and to fill some gaps in the information.
I'll be going back and will do some more updating - after my brain stops hurting!
If any any art tutors, suppliers of digital art supplies/tuition and art societies have any comments / queries please comment below - but I cannot guarantee I can assist. ALSO please do follow the official guidance links supplied first.
None of the information on the VAT for Artists page is definitive, comprehensive or complete.
None of the advice on the page should be treated as professional.
However I do reference relevant government and EU guidance where I can - and official guidance is always a good place to start when checking any aspect of VAT. It also helps frame specific questions to professionals which can reduce fees due for advice requested and given.
As part of my Tax Tips for Artists in the Money & Tax category section of my website, I've started a couple of NEW Tax Tips pages for Artists - to break out the specific tax aspects relating to artists in specific countries - namely the UK, USA and now Australia and Ireland.
This is about Australia: Tax Tips for Artists.
WHAT THIS IS NOT! The country-specific pages are NOT intended to provide a professional, all angles covered, definitive insight into tax for artists in that country. Not least because I'm in no way qualified to do that.
A hobby is a pastime or leisure activity conducted in your spare time for recreation or pleasure. You're in business, if your activity, as a whole, is commercial with an aim to make a profit.
The hobby vs business question - can you claim expenses against tax?
Other resources about tax - for visual artists and arts organisations in Australia.
hence are more likely to know how to tackle any particularly specialist question which the Australian Taxation Office's information online does not seem to cover.
If you've got any suggestions of websites or organisations or people which provide provide helpful information or advice about tax, please drop me a line.


The Sweet 50 optic is part of our unique Optic Swap System. This f/2.5, 50mm optic illuminates essential details within a spot of focus, surrounded by beautiful blur. Must be used with a Composer series lens housing.
I am a huge Lensbaby enthusiast. I use the Sweet 50 in both my Lensbaby Scout and my Composer Pro. There is a learning curve, but it doesn't take long. It is fun even while learning, and the effects are stunning. I highly recommend this optic.
I absolutely love my Lensbaby Sweet 50 (actually all my lensbabies) but I love it even more when I add my 8mm macro converter. It allows me to get to the perfect distance to get all the details and that dreamy goodness!!!
I absolutely love the Sweet 50, along with my other babies… but especially paired with the 8mm macro converter… it brings my subject in just enough to get all the details and all the dreaminess it creates!!
Hi Remi, The Sweet 50 Optic is compatible with the Spark, however it is not recommended as the Sweet 50 Optic is heavier than the optic installed in the Spark and it can be difficult to hold and maintain your focus.
Hi Anne- Yes, you will need a Composer Pro or another Lensbaby lens body to be able to use the Sweet 50 Optic.
The Wide Angle accessory will only be compatible with our older 37mm threaded optics like the Double Glass, Single Glass, Plastic, Pinhole/Zoneplate, and Soft Focus Optics. The Wide Angle accessory will not be compatible with the Sweet 50 Optic because the threading on the front is 46mm.
Yes – you can use extension tubes with the Composer Pro II to be able to focus closer.
Hi Rosa, Yes, you can remove the Edge 80 and install any of our other optics, including the Sweet 50 Optic.


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Empetrum rubrum är en ljungväxtart som beskrevs av Vahl och Carl Ludwig von Willdenow. Empetrum rubrum ingår i släktet kråkbärssläktet, och familjen ljungväxter. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Bildgalleri

Källor

Externa länkar

Kråkbärssläktet
rubrum

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


This performance allows installation of a centrifugal grinder where only progressive cavity designs were previously used in LPS systems. Applications include individual or groups of homes, motels, schools, shopping centers, lakefront developments and systems requiring pressure pumping of waste.
Jan 01, 2017· Grinding Mill, Grinding Mill Suppliers and Manufacturers . The centrifugal force caused by rotation of barrel brings the steel balls to a certain height to impact and grind the materials. Best price of Mineral Grinding Mill, Ball mill, Rod mill for coal .
The KEEN PUMP KG(X)2 series centrifugal grinder pumps easily handle residential, light commercial or industrial sanitary waste, reducing it to a fine slurry. The KG(X)2 pump is designed for use in pressure sewer applications or any piping network.
Flygt centrifugal grinder pumps - Xylem Inc.
The Myers ® WG/WGX20 Series by Pentair are rugged 2 horsepower submersible centrifugal grinder pumps designed for residential, light commercial or industrial applications. It is especially suited for use in pressure sewer applications or in systems with long discharge runs or high static heads.
centrifugal grinder mobile – Grinding Mill China. centrifugal force mill grinder mechanism . China Grinding Mill, Grinding Mill Manufacturers Ball mill is an efficient machine for fine powder grinding and key. grinding vertical centrifugal - ciit.co.in.
Jun 10, 2018· ZENITH grinder mill machine, grinding mill with CE, View grinding . Optimization design for grinding roller grinding ring of main-spring pressurization, high-wearing feature. 6. . Case Study As a clay manufacturer, the client from Mexico needs t1 o purchase one set of grinding mill to expand their scale of production.
Chemical Grinder found in: Grinding Units, ZM100 Centrifugal Grinding Mill, SB-1 Silent Brushless Digital Homogenizer, Grinding Beads for Geno/Grinder,..
The KEEN PUMP KGP(X) series centrifugal grinder pumps are designed for municipal, commercial or industrial applications. The KGP(X) pump is also designed for use in pressure sewer applications or any piping network with long discharge distances or high heads.
Feb 11, 2016· Nano Grinding Machine Wholesale, Grinding Machine Suppliers . About 80% of these are grinding equipment, 7% are mine mill, and 1% are other . Advanced Search . nano food additive grinding machine with centrifugal separation device .
what is a centrifugal grinder. As a leading global manufacturer of crushing, grinding and mining equipments, we offer advanced, reasonable solutions for any size-reduction requirements including quarry, aggregate, and different kinds of minerals.
The Myers WG50/WG50X are rugged 5 horsepower submersible centrifugal grinder pumps designed for residential, light commercial, industrial or municipal applications. They are especially designed for grinder pump applications requiring higher flows at low to moderate heads.
Grinders for Rent | Herc Rentals Grinding concrete is a difficult job, but it doesn't have to be. Herc Rentals gas or electric concrete grinders and scarifiers use an abrasive attached to rotating discs to smooth and/or polish concrete, granite, marble and more.
The blade in the grinder is responsible for cutting or grinding the food items into very fine pieces or into powder altogether. There are also grinders available in the market, especially for meats.


text:
Q: Correct way to integrate Elm with existing web-app service i have a backend service that I wrote in Golang, something like this:
func PageA_RequestHandler(ctx *W.Context) {
  // init things
  if is_ajax {
    // handle the API request, render the JSON
    return
  }
  // query the initial rows
  values := M.SX{
    `rows`: model1.GetRows(10),
    `columns`: model1.GetColumns(),
  }
  // render the html
  ctx.Render(`page_a_template`,values)
}

then the template file page_a_template.html (that loaded and cached at the first time it rendered), is a html file, with content something like this:

Where's:
{/* rows */} and [/* columns */] are my javascript-friendly template syntax, there are some other syntax like: /*! bar */ or #{yay}
new GridBuilder is my custom javascript component that creates something like datatables.net or editablegrid.net
The question is, if I use Elm, what's the correct way to inject the {/* rows */} into the compiled html?

A: Use Html.programWithFlags (supposing your main module is named App):

This is the way you can initialize your Elm app with available data just like you are initializing GridBuilder.
To be able to read those values, you should create a Flags type alias and your init function will receive it.
type alias Flags =
    { rows : [ ... ]
    , cols : [ ... ]
    }

init : Flags -> ( Model, Cmd Msg )
init flags =
    ...

Your main function will look like this:
main =
    Html.programWithFlags
        { init = init, ... }

I highly recommend that you read the JavaScript Interop section of the Elm Guide. It explains the programWithFlags and other approaches to receive/send data from/to JavaScript.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The company GANDIA BLASCO, which is nowadays known for its outdoor furniture line, was born in 1941 as a family business, manufacturing blankets. The activities of the company were developed on an industrial level, with an intensive production during the Spanish post-war period, essentially aimed at the army and hospitals.
The company is located in Ontinyent (Valencia), a town that had 13,000 inhabitants in those times. It was an area with a large expansion of the textile branch, under the influence of Alcoi and nerve centre of the Vall de Albaida region. For almost 40 years and under the management of José Gandía-Blasco (father of José Antonio, current president of the company), the activity did not change, and it enjoyed considerable success. It was the peak of its success, and it had more than 100 employees, all of them coming from families of the surrounding towns.


GAM assesses overall production of Immunoglobulin G, Immunoglobulin A and Immunoglobulin M in the body — an important measurement of general immunity. Total immunoglobulins testing can be a strong indicator of a disease or condition.
What does measuring Total Serum IgG/IgA/IgM tell you?
Understanding the body's current state will provide direction in your treatment plan for the patient.
•	Inherited immunodeficiency is associated with rare genetic conditions and serious immune disorders. However, some patients with primary IgA deficiency (IgAD) are asymptomatic and are only identified after a laboratory result anomaly.
•	Acquired immunodeficiency can occur as a result of an illness, especially those that cause a loss of protein in the body such as kidney disease or gastrointestinal disorders affecting protein absorption. Recurrent infections, chronic diarrhea, and the use of certain medications such as corticosteroids or immunosuppressants may also contribute to deficient antibody production.
Excessive antibody production may be either polyclonal (increase in any or all classes of immunoglobulins) or monoclonal (increase in one class with or without a decrease in other classes).
•	Polyclonal increase may occur as a result of infections, autoimmune disorders, cirrhosis of the liver, chronic inflammation, and hyperimmunization response.
•	Monoclonal increase is associated with blood cell tumors such as multiple myeloma (affecting plasma cells) and lymphoma (affecting white blood cells).
This panel can shed light on the potential cause of unexpected negative results on Cyrex testing by identifying whether insufficient antibody production may have contributed to those results. Additionally, acquired immunodeficiency may be reversible when the contributing condition is identified and addressed.


The Gifted | SciFi Stream - News - Episode Guide - And More!
A suburban family is rocked by the revelation that their teenage children possess mutant abilities, sending them on the run from those who would threaten them.
While a new foe seizes control of the Inner Circle, members of the Mutant Underground continue to find themselves at cross purposes over how to fight a seemingly impossible fight.
Watch teaser trailers and more videos from The Gifted!
Talk about The Gifted and the Marvel television universe with thousands of fans now at GateWorld Forum!
CANCELLED. FOX ended Marvel's The Gifted after two seasons.


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THE ONLINE STRESS SUMMIT BLOG
DOES HI-TECH CAUSE HI-STRESS?
Online Stress Summit Preview
How to become better at being human?
November 1, 2018 Tom Meyers
Our second international Online Stress Summit is only 6 days from now and we are getting excited about everything that we have in place for you.
In the last weeks, we have talked more about the link between technology and stress than ever before: at home, in our practice, during social interactions and of course in our interviews with global experts. Clearly, almost everybody is intrigued, to say the least, about what the future of high-technology, automation and artificial intelligence is going to do with us as human beings.
And one thing is sure: It is more important than EVER to emphasize the "human" and the "being" in our society. If we want to stay in control and use technology in a positive way, we need to manage and adapt our behaviour around technology. At the same time, keep our basic priorities of authentic, purposeful living and human connection.
Each expert that we interviewed gives his/her own view, knowledge and tips on how to do that. Every interview has its own angle and character. We sincerely trust that you will enjoy watching them and talk about them with your surroundings.
"Does Hi-Tech Cause Hi-Stress?"can be a topic for the rest of the year as we will keep on spreading this Summit globally for everyone to watch, also after November 7th. It touches not only our lives but the lives, health and well-being of generations to come, of our children and grandchildren.
So join us in one of the most important conversations of our time.
Tom and Danielle
www.onlinestresssummit.com
Watch all previews of the Online Stress Summit on YouTube
Dr Lynda Shaw is an experienced entrepreneur having owned 3 businesses including a health club with 2000 members and 20 staff. She holds a doctorate in cognitive neuroscience, specialising in the unconscious processing of emotion and communication.
She is a registered chartered psychologist, an Associate Fellow of the British Psychological Society, a Fellow of the Royal Society of Medicine, a Fellow of the Professional Speakers Association, a Forbes contributor as well as an author of adult and children's books. Her latest is a business book called Your Brain Is Boss, a guide to becoming wealthier, healthier and happier.
Graeme Codrington (SA) is an internationally recognised futurist. He specialises in the future of work and has helped companies across the world to understand the forces that will shape our lives in the next ten years.
He's worth listening to because he has five degrees, five best-selling books and lectures at five international universities including London Business School and Duke. But don't worry, he's not a boring academic; he's steeped in business knowledge having worked at KPMG, for an IT start-up and in the charity sector.
He is also one of the founders of strategy consulting firm TomorrowToday Global.
Tagged Hi-Tech, INSAD, INSAD2018, ISMA, mental health, NSAD, onlinestresssummit, Psychology, Stress, Stress Management, Technostress, YouTubeLeave a comment
Technology dependency and addiction
August 20, 2018 August 20, 2018 Tom Meyers
Watch this preview of the interview Tom Meyers has had with research scientist, author and broadcaster Baroness Susan Greenfield for the upcoming Free Online Stress Summit that will take place on International Stress Awareness Day, 7 November 2018.
This year the International Stress Management Association UK (http://isma.org.uk) has chosen on the theme "Does Hi-Tech Cause Hi-Stress?" for the International Stress Awareness Day (INSAD) on November 7th. There is no doubt that technology impacts all our lives, and it is thus appropriate that ISMA is involved in a debate about the positive and the adverse effects it can have, and how on the other hand technology can also contribute to our advantage.
We the hosts of the stress summit, Tom Meyers and Danielle Sax want to contribute to the debate with meaningful conversations with international experts on this topic that concerns us all.
"We are living at a critical time in human history. A time where new emerging technologies like artificial intelligence, robotics and machine learning are reshaping our world with a speed, scope and complexity unlike anything humankind has experienced before. How will we cope and stay healthy, knowing, that in this fast-changing world we will face challenges we can't even imagine today and bring along more stress while life today is already stressful and difficult to manage."
If you want to watch all the interviews for free on and from November 7th or be kept informed about the upcoming FREE Online Stress Summit then please sign-up to our newsletter on https://goo.gl/vDFbQZ
Thank you and wherever you are and whatever you do, be good to you.
For more information about Baroness Greenfield visit: http://www.susangreenfield.com
Tagged #interview, Hi-Tech, ISMA, NSAD, Stress, Susan Greenfield, Technology, YouTubeLeave a comment
Audio & Video, Technostress
Technostress on YouTube
In view of the Free Online Stress Summit on Nov 7th 2018 with the theme "Does Hi-tech cause Hi-Stress" here are a collection of video's I found on YouTube to start the conversation.
Tagged Hi-Tech, ISMA, NSAD, Stress, Technology, Technostress, YouTubeLeave a comment
Follow THE ONLINE STRESS SUMMIT BLOG on WordPress.com
Blog Topics Select Category AI Audio & Video Digital Transformation without Stress Future of Work ISMA Stress Conference Online Stress Summit Online Stress Summit Preview Purpose of Life Speak up and speak out about stress Survey Technostress Teen Stress Uncategorized

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Consent Decree
RI/FS FAQ
Power Plant Closure
Demolition of the Benning Road Power Plant, which ceased operations June 1, 2012, has been completed by Pepco Energy Services (PES), which has owned and operated the plant since 2000. The power plant was located on the westernmost portion of the Benning Service Center at 3400 Benning Road, N.E., in Washington, D.C., where it occupied approximately 25 percent of the facility's 77 acres.
The demolition entailed a series of activities including taking down structures using conventional mechanical equipment, clearing of demolition debris and regrading the site. The project was completed on schedule in May 2015.
The power plant was built in 1906, and provided Pepco's first system-wide electricity supply to the District of Columbia and nearby Maryland suburbs.
Copyright © 2023 Pepco. All rights reserved. Privacy Policy and Terms of Use.


If you clicked the headline of this post, you already know what time it is, but we are going to tell you anyway.
It's time for some restaurant news.
Here's what we know about a handful of places that have opened, closed, or plan to open soon in Fayetteville.
A new bakery and breakfast joint has opened on the west side of town.
Brian's Knockout Breakfast Bakery, located at 6315 W. Wedington Drive in Fayetteville, officially opened sometime last week.
We haven't had a chance to track down their menu yet, but from the photos posted on their Facebook page, it looks like they focus on breakfast muffins, speciality cakes and pies, breads, coffee, and other items.
They are open Thursday-Mondays from 6 a.m. until 1 p.m.
There's a new restaurant up and running in South Fayetteville.
Ronda's Roadhouse is located at 504 E. 15th Street, in the space formerly home to Bear's Place.
The restaurant serves soul food, including barbecue sandwiches, pulled pork, brisket, smoked ham, along with homemade burgers, pies, desserts, and other items.
Ronda's is open Monday-Thursday from 11 a.m. – 10 p.m., and on Friday and Saturday night from 11 a.m. until midnight. They are closed on Sundays.
Torchy's Tacos will soon open a location in Fayetteville.
The Austin-based chain recently received state health department approval for a new restaurant on Martin Luther King Jr. Boulevard next to Andy's Frozen Custard.
Company officials did not respond to a request for confirmation of the new restaurant, but an update to the Torchy's website today included Fayetteville as an upcoming location at 1561 W. MLK Jr. Blvd.
Launched from a food truck in Austin in 2006, Torchy's Tacos has grown to include over 60 locations across Texas, Oklahoma and Colorado. Their menu features 15 unique lunch and dinner menu tacos, 11 breakfast menu tacos, and a variety of sides.
Dirtwork on the site has already begun, though no timetable for opening the new restaurant has been announced. We'll keep you posted.
Also in taco news, local Mexican restaurant Los Hermanos has closed its doors.
The restaurant, located in the building formerly home to El Camino Real at 815 S. School Ave., closed a few months ago, but signs on the building indicated the closure was temporary.
Since then, those signs have been replaced with "for rent" signs on the building.
There has been some action on the Nomad's Trailside restaurant and bar we wrote about early last year.
According to a Facebook post on the restaurant's page from January 15, Nomad's Trailside has made some changes from their original plan, and set a Grand Opening party date for early this spring.
The new place is a collaboration by the owners of Nomad's Music Lounge and Hogshead Tours, and will be located in a new collection of commercial buildings currently under construction on Ash Street, overlooking the Razorback Greenway in central Fayetteville.
Originally described as a "pizza bar", it appears as though the restaurant's menu has shifted gears somewhat in the last year.
Trailside menu includes Good Vibes, Day Drinking, Brunch, Burgers, Beer, Cocktails, Espresso Bar, Bloody Mary Flights, and a must, MIMOSAS on Tap. We will however not be doing Pizza. So if ya need that, Wicked Wood Fired Pizza is right down the road at Fossil Cove Brewing Co.
A Facebook event has been created for a Grand Opening party set for 3-9 p.m. on Saturday, March 2.
But wait, there's more taco news.
Taco Bell Cantina, located at 412 W. Dickson St., closed for good just before the holidays.
The restaurant opened in 2017 in about half of the space formerly home to longtime local coffee shop, Common Grounds. Columbia-Missouri-based restaurant Pickleman's Gourmet Cafe occupies the other half of the space. An NWA Democrat Gazette report from 2017 indicated that K-Mac spent about $500,000 renovating the space prior to opening.
The Dickson Street location was somewhat of a test of the Cantina concept for Taco Bell. The restaurant focused on a menu similar to more traditional Taco Bell restaurants, with the addition of alcoholic drinks like frozen margaritas, and are typically located in urban and downtown areas. The were open for breakfast, lunch, and dinner, and for late-night diners.
A well-known Russellville burger joint has expanded to Fayetteville.
CJ's Butcher Boy Burgers officially opened a location at 3484 W. Wedington Drive, in a portion of the building formerly home to Cross Church next to Slim Chickens late last month.
The restaurant got its start in Russelville in 2005, and specializes in hand-pattied, in-house-ground burgers and fresh-cut fries, along with milkshakes and malts. It is just the second location for CJ's, though some family members have opened similar concepts around the state, including David's Burgers at a couple locations in central Arkansas, and Patrick's Butcher Boy Burgers in Fort Smith and Alma.
The Fayetteville location is open Tuesday through Saturday from 11 a.m. to 9 p.m. and Sunday from 11 a.m. to 3 p.m.
A new food truck has popped up at the Yacht Club on College Avenue, and plans to open soon.
The new truck, called Homestyle Cravings is located just to the south of Dot's Nashville Hot Chicken.
The truck will serve rotating menu of southern comfort food. Items we've seen include chicken & dressing, meat loaf, chicken wings, burgers, and more.
According to their Facebook page, they plan to announce an opening date very soon.
Harvest Moon Pies moved several months ago to a space in front of the old AQ Outback building on College Avenue, and we thought it deserved a mention.
The restaurant got its start in the food truck lot next to Crimson & Clover on MLK before moving to the current spot at 1889 N College Ave.
They serve all kinds of savory and sweet pies.
A food truck formerly located in Farmington moved to Fayetteville recently.
Kiko Rice & Noodle recently appeared at 758 W North Street, next to North Street Mini Mart.
As the name suggests, the truck serves rice and noodle dishes, along with sushi, egg rolls, and other dishes.
The restaurant is open Monday-Saturday from 11:00 a.m. until 8:30 p.m., and on Sunday from 11:30 a.m. until 6 p.m.
Dairy Queen has opened a restaurant in the building formerly home to Hardee's at 2190 M.L.K. Jr Blvd.
It's the first of two Dairy Queen restaurants currently in the works in Fayetteville. The second location is under construction next to Walmart Neighborhood Market on Crossover Road.
They server burgers and ice cream.
It looks like it won't be long before a restaurant returns to the center of the Fayetteville square.
Cheers at the OPO, the project by local resident Curtis Arnold and partners behind Cheers in the Heights in Little Rock, announced they are hiring servers and kitchen staff for their new restaurant in the historic Old Post Office space downtown.
A website for the restaurant has also been created, and the menu has been posted. The menu includes several steaks, seafood, along with sandwiches, burgers, salads, soups, and more.
No official opening date for the restaurant has been announced just yet, but with hiring in progress, it appears that could come very soon.
There's a new barbecue joint out at Drake Field to check out.
Smokin' A's Barbecue, a restaurant that also serves out of a truck at Tobo's convenience store in Greenland, is also now open at the airport.
The restaurant serves pulled pork, pulled chicken, and sausage sandwiches, loaded baked potatoes, nachos, and burritos.


(a) These conditions apply to all sales of goods by Barretts Industries Ltd (or BIL) which incorporates the trading divisions of Status Seating and Envosort and including any other company in which it holds a minority shareholding, also meaning any company within the BIL acting on behalf of another, ("the Seller") and shall prevail over any other terms or conditions contained or referred to in the Customer's order or in correspondence or elsewhere or implied by trade custom, practice or course dealing unless such other terms or conditions are specifically agreed to in writing by the Seller.
(b) Quotations will remain valid for, one month, unless otherwise specified in the quote, or withdrawal, whichever shall be the earliest. (c) The contract will only come into existence once the Seller has received and accepted the Customer's order, and will be subject to these conditions. No agent or representative has the authority to vary these conditions or to enter into any contract except on the basis of them. Any terms or representation inconsistent with these conditions will only bind the Seller, if it is in writing and signed by a Director of the Seller.
(e) Any description, illustration or specification contained the Seller's catalogues, samples, price lists, or other advertising material is intended merely to present a general picture of the goods and/or services, and will not form a representation or be part of the contract. (f) Where the Seller has not acknowledged the Customer's order in writing, these conditions will apply to the contract provided the Customer has had prior notice of them.
specifications and designs without notice.
services which are required to conform to any applicable safety or other statutory requirements.
(e) The Customer will pass on to all parties to whom it may supply the goods, all information as to the use and safe handling of the goods which has been provided to the Customer by the Seller.
(a) All prices shall be deemed to be exclusive of Value Added Tax which shall be payable in addition by the Customer at the rate prevailing at the tax point and the cost of packaging and of carriage from the Seller's works which were requested by the Customer shall be payable in addition by the Customer.
(c) Where the Seller has not agreed to install the goods at the Customer's premises, then, unless otherwise agreed in writing by the Seller, the Customer will take delivery of the goods at the Seller's premises within 4 days of receiving notification that they are ready. If the Seller agrees to deliver the goods other than at its premises, the Customer will give the Seller all necessary instructions, and off-loading will be at the Customer's risk and expense. If the contract is an international supply contract, it will be deemed to incorporate the latest edition of 'incoterms' current at the date of contract. If there is any inconsistency between 'incoterms' and any express term of the contract, the latter will prevail. The Seller will be under no obligation to give the Customer the notice specified in section 32(3) of the Sale of Goods Act 1979.
(e) If the seller encounters insufficient parking at the customer address for delivery or installation, it shall be that of the customer to incur any parking ticket charges.
(a) The Seller may in its sole discretion accept or reject the cancellation of any order once such order has been accepted by the Seller.
(b) The Seller will in no circumstances accept the cancellation of any order for goods which are to be specially made or obtained once such an order has been accepted by the Seller nor will any allowance be made in respect of such goods where they are subsequently returned. (c) Without prejudice to the Seller's right to the full purchase price for the goods and/or services, the Seller will be entitled to damages for any consequential loss due to the determination of the contract, whether it be from any composition or arrangement with its creditors or has a winding-up order made against it or has an administrative receiver or administrator appointed or passes a resolution for winding-up or a court makes an order to that effect or it breaches any of these conditions.
(a) Credit accounts may be opened, subject to satisfactory credit references being obtained, in the Seller's sole discretion. Payment for goods supplied on a credit account shall become due and payable not later than 30 days after the date of invoicing the goods (inclusive of the date of invoice). In the event of there being any default by the Customer in making payment as aforesaid the entire balance of the said account shall be payable forthwith and the Seller shall be entitled to charge interest thereon in accordance with sub-clause (d) hereof. (b) For all other transactions quotations will be for cash with order. If cash is not paid with the order, the Seller shall have the right to require cash on delivery.
(a) Except for international supply contract, and unless otherwise agreed in writing, the risk in the goods shall pass to the Customer upon delivery. (b) The Seller will not be liable for any loss of or damage to any goods left with the Seller. This provision will apply whether or not the loss or damage is attributable to the Seller's or its servants' or agent's negligence or wilful default.
(a) Ownership of the goods shall remain in the Seller, and the Customer shall hold the goods as bailee and fiduciary owner for the Seller.
(b) The Customer has a right to sell and deliver the goods to third parties in the ordinary course of his business, acting towards such third parties as a principal and not as the Seller's agent, but it hold all proceeds of sale on trust for the Seller in a separate bank account, the Customer hereby assigning to the Seller all rights and claims which the Customer may have against its customers arising from such sales until full payment is made as aforesaid.
(c) The Customer shall if required by the Seller store the goods in such a way as clearly to show the Seller's ownership of them. The Customer shall notify the Seller immediately upon demand by the Seller of the place or places where the goods are situated.
The Customer shall afford to the Seller access to the goods during all normal business hours whether they are upon premises occupied or owned by the Customer or its customers and the Customer shall deliver the goods up to the Seller at its request and allow the Seller to remove the same. For its purpose, the Customer grants an irrevocable right and license to the Seller's servants or agents to enter upon the said land with or without vehicles during normal business hours.
(a) Save in the case of contracts falling within the description of contact in section 26(3) of the Unfair Contract Terms Act 1977 the Seller does not exclude liability for death or personal injury to the extent that it results from the negligence of the Seller, its servants or agents, and accepts liability for any breach on its part of any undertaking as to title implied by section 12 of the Sale of Goods Act 1979 or by section 8 of the Supply of Goods (Implied Terms) Act 1973. (b) The Seller does not accept liability for shortages in quantities delivered unless the Customer notifies the Seller or carrier in writing of any claim for short delivery of goods within 24 hours of the delivery to the Customer or to the Customer's instructions. In such circumstances the Seller's liability shall be restricted to making good the shortage, save that in the case of orders made to the Customer's special requirements it shall be under no such liability where the shortage is not more than 2% of the quantity ordered.
opinion of the Seller, are defective due to a manufacturing fault, but only if the same is reported to the Seller in writing within 24 hours of despatch of the goods to the Customer or the Customer's order, provided that where the Customer is a dealer in the goods the Seller will not be responsible either for the cost of removing any defective goods from any place where they are installed or affixed (or for making good the said place after removal) or for the cost of installing or affixing in such place any repaired or replacement goods unless the same shall have been previously agreed in writing with a Director of the Seller, and provided further that in all other cases the Seller shall have the rights in its discretion to inspect and repair the goods at the Customer's premises or at its own premises. Where the Seller agrees to repair or replace goods, any time specified for delivery under the contract will be extended for such period as the Seller may reasonably require.
otherwise is hereby excluded, and the Seller shall not be liable for any loss (including consequential loss) damage or delay or expense of any kind whatsoever and howsoever caused (including by the negligence of the Seller its servants or agents).
(e) The Seller's liability, if any, in respect of any defect in or failure of goods supplied or services provided is limited to replacing or (at its option) repairing or paying for the repair or replacement of the goods supplied which are found to be defective by reason of faulty or incorrect design, workmanship, parts or materials and carrying out, again, any services which it has failed to perform properly in accordance with the contract.
(f) Save as to the matters set out above in respect of which the Seller does not exclude or accepts liability, the Customer acknowledges and agrees that it is able (if it so wishes) to insure against the risk of any loss (including consequential loss) damage or delay or expense of any kind whatsoever and however caused (including by the negligence of the Seller its servants or agents).
(g) The Customer shall indemnify the Seller against any liability which the latter may incur (whether as a result of or in connection with court proceedings or under the terms of bona fide out of court settlement) as a result of a claim against the Seller under Part 1 of the Consumer Protection Act 1987 in respect of an alleged defect in the goods.
(h) The Seller's liability for any direct loss or damage sustained by the Customer as result of any error in any weight, dimension, capacity or performance or other description or information which has formed a representation or is part of the contract will not exceed the price of the goods and/or services.
(i) The Seller will not be liable to the Customer for any damage or for any direct or consequential loss incurred by the Customer in consequence of any negligence on the part of the Seller or negligence or wilful default on the Seller, its servants or agents in or connection with the supply of any goods or the design or manufacture thereof or in the carrying out of any services or the provision of any information.
In the case of orders made to the Customer's special requirements the Customer shall be obliged to accept as a due performance of the Seller's obligations under the contract delivery of a quantity of goods up to 2% more or less than the quantity ordered.
Unless otherwise agreed by the Seller in writing, the Customer shall be liable to pay for all samples requested by the Customer.
(a) Goods are not sold on a 'sale or return' basis.
contract or reasonably required by the Seller; and furthermore commits that it will provide suitable access to and possession of the site, suitable protection of goods from the time of delivery and all facilities required to enable the seller to perform its obligations.
(b) The Seller will indemnify the Customer in respect of any direct damage to property caused in the course of installation, testing, servicing or repair by the negligence of the Seller or the negligence or wilful default of its servants or agents provided that the Seller's liability hereunder shall not exceed the price payable under the contract.
(c) The Seller reserves the right to sub-contract the installation of goods or the performance of any other services required under the contract.
The Seller shall be under no liability for any loss (including consequential loss) damage or delay or expenses of any kind whatsoever caused wholly or in part by act of God, outbreak of war, civil commotion, governmental policies or restrictions or control, including restrictions of export or import or other licences, trade or industrial disputes of whatever nature, whether or not such dispute involves the Seller, its servant or agents, or by any other contingency whatsoever which is beyond the control of the Seller.
The Seller shall in respect of all overdue accounts have a general lien upon any goods of the Customer in the Seller's possession and shall after the expiry of 14 days notice to the Customer be entitled to dispose of such goods as it deems fit and apply the proceeds towards such overdue accounts.
(a) Unless otherwise agreed in writing by the Seller, the Seller's trademarks and intellectual property rights are protected by law and may not be used by the Customer.
(b) All documents of the Seller, together with intellectual property rights contained therein, shall remain the exclusive property of the Seller, and must not be copied or loaned or transferred or dealt with in any way without the prior written consent of the Seller.
(c) Unless otherwise agreed in writing by the Seller, all copyright, design rights, registered design rights, trademarks, trade-names, knowhow and other intellectual property rights in the goods and/or services originated by or on behalf of the Seller are the property of and shall remain vested in the Seller. Without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing, all property and copyright in any software supplied by the Seller shall remain vested in the Seller or its Licensor.
The failure of either party to the contract to exercise or enforce any rights conferred by the contract shall not be deemed to be a waiver of any such right nor operate so as to bar the exercise or enforcement thereof at any time or times thereafter.
Any notice hereunder shall be in a permanent readable form and shall be deemed properly delivered if addressed to the party concerned as its principal place of business or last known address.
(a) The contract shall be governed by English law.
(b) The courts of England and Wales shall have jurisdiction over all disputes however arising out of or in connection with the contract, and in the case of any claims made by the Customer such jurisdiction shall be exclusive.
(c) If any provision of these conditions becomes illegal or void for any reason, the validity of the remaining provisions shall not be affected. (d) Failure by the Seller to enforce strict compliance with these conditions by the Customer will not constitute a waiver of any of the conditions.


Tumwebaze is expected to talk about how government is embracing emerging technologies to make delivery of social services more efficient, and what initiatives government is putting in place to support innovation in Uganda to create employment opportunities for the country's unemployed.
The Minister of Information and ICT, Hon. Frank Tumwebaze has confirmed that he will open and attend the forthcoming LéO Africa Economic Forum slated to take place on July 7 at the Kampala Serena Hotel. The Forum, now in its 4th year will be held under the theme: Assessing the impact of Disruptive Innovations on Growth & Development in Africa.
This year's forum is expected to attract over 300 people, and will be broadcast live on NBS TV.
Other speakers slated to speak the Forum include NBS CEO Kin Kariisa, Stanbic Bank CEO, Patrick Mweheire, Director General of NARO Dr. Ambrose Agona, among others.


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This is a subrogation action brought by plaintiff Brush Wellman, Inc. ("Brush") to recover monies paid under its self-insured employee health and welfare benefits program. This case has been consolidated with another subrogation action, brought by plaintiff Hartford Casualty Insurance Company ("Hartford"), to recover monies paid pursuant to its uninsured/underinsured motorist policy with Brush. This court has federal question jurisdiction over the Brush Wellman case pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1331 and 29 U.S.C. § 1132(e). This court has jurisdiction over the Hartford case pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1332. Pending are plaintiff Brush's motion for partial summary judgment, plaintiff Hartford's motion for partial summary judgment, and defendant Northwest Ohio Produce's ("Northwest") cross motion for summary judgment. For the following reasons, Northwest's motion shall be granted and Brush's and Hartford's motions shall be denied.
On August 31, 1999, on Portage River South Road in Ottawa County, Ohio, a tractor-trailer owned by defendant Jorge Reyes ("Reyes"), being driven by defendant Carlos Montes ("Montes"), struck an automobile being driven by Donna L Ries. (Doc. 1,¶ 11; Doc. 49, at 5.) It is undisputed that Montes was at fault for the accident. Donna L. Ries ("Ries") and her passenger, Jesse Wilke ("Wilke"), suffered injuries as a result of the accident, and sought benefits from plaintiff Brush. Brush paid for the health care costs of Ries and Wilke, and now brings a subrogation claim against defendant Northwest, the putative employer of Reyes and Montes.
Ries and Wilke also presented a claim for uninsured/underinsured motorist benefits to plaintiff Hartford based on the so-called "Scott-Pontzer" doctrine, set forth in Scott-Pontzer v. Liberty Mut. Fire Ins. Co., 85 Ohio St.3d 660 (1999) and Ezawa v. Yasuda Fire Marine Ins. Co. of America, 86 Ohio St.3d 557 (1999). Hartford settled the claim, and brought its own subrogation action to recover the monies paid in the settlement.
Defendants Reyes and Montes are migrant laborers who, at the request of Reyes' brother and crew chief for Northwest, Rogelio Reyes, came to Ohio to harvest and haul tomatoes for Northwest. (Doc. 44, at 18, 11.3-8.) Northwest packed and sold tomatoes as part of a farming cooperative consisting of four tomato farmers. (Doc. 43, at 16, 11.15-17.) Because it is not possible to tell whether tomatoes are ripe for harvest until two to three days beforehand, Northwest did not know which fields to pick until they were so informed by the farmers shortly before the picking began. (Doc. 43, at 29-30.) None of the farmers within the cooperative were employees of Northwest. (Doc. 43, at 31, 11.12-15.) At the time of the accident, Montes was hauling empty crates, a task that was part of Monies' daily routine. (Doc. 19, at 9.) Reyes and Montes performed these hauling services to entities outside the four-farmer cooperative. (Doc. 43, at 18, 11.7-8.) Picking and hauling tomatoes is seasonal work.
Summary judgment must be entered "against a party who fails to make a showing sufficient to establish the existence of an element essential to that party's case, and on which that party will bear the burden of proof at trial." Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 322 (1986). The moving party always bears the initial responsibility of informing the district court of the basis for its motion, and identifying those portions of the record which demonstrate the absence of a genuine issue of material fact. Id. at 323. The burden then shifts to the nonmoving party who "must set forth specific facts showing that there is a genuine issue for trial." Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 250 (1986) (quoting Fed.R.Civ.P. 56(e)).
Once the burden of production shifts, the party opposing summary judgment cannot rest on its pleadings or merely reassert its previous allegations. It in insufficient "simply [to] show that there is some metaphysical doubt as to the material facts." Matsushita Elec. Indus. Co. v. Zenith Radio Corp., 475 U.S. 574, 586 (1986). Rather, Rule 56(e) "requires the nonmoving party to go beyond the [unverified] pleadings" and present some type of evidentiary material in support of its position. Celotex, 477 U.S. at 324.
In deciding the motion for summary judgment, the evidence of the non-moving party will be believed as true, all doubts will be resolved against the moving party, all evidence will be construed in the light most favorable to the non-moving party, and all reasonable inferences will be drawn in the non-moving party's favor. Eastman Kodak Co. v. Image Technical Servs., Inc., 504 U.S. 451, 456 (1992). Summary judgment shall be rendered only if the pleadings, depositions, answers to interrogatories, and admissions on file, together with the affidavits, if any, show there is no genuine issue as to any material fact and that the moving party is entitled to summary judgment as a matter of law. Fed.R.Civ.P. 56(c).
Plaintiffs Brush and Hartford allege that defendant Northwest is liable for the negligence of defendants Reyes and Montes under the doctrine of respondeat superior. Northwest counters it is not vicariously liable for the negligence of Reyes and Montes because they were independent contractors. Hartford and Brush claim that Reyes and Montes were employees of Northwest, not independent contractors. I agree with Northwest that Reyes and Montes were independent contractors. Therefore, Northwest cannot be held vicariously liable for any negligence committed by either Reyes or Montes.
Under the doctrine of respondeat superior, an employer is only liable for the acts of its employees done within the scope of their employment. Hamilton v. Carell, 243 F.3d 990, 1001 (6th Cir. 2001). The sole issue in this case is whether Montes and Reyes were employees of, or independent contractors for, Northwest.
Plaintiff Brush alleges that the Employee Retirement and Income Security Act of 1974 ("ERISA") defines, supersedes, and preempts all other laws related to an employee benefit plan pursuant to 29 U.S.C. § 1144. (Doc. 1,¶ 8; Doc. 41, at 4.) However, ERISA's nominal definition of "employee" is circular and explains nothing, and there is no provision that either gives guidance to the term's meaning or suggests that construing it to incorporate traditional agency law principles would thwart congressional design or lead to absurd results. Nationwide Mut. Ins. Co. v. Darden, 503 U.S. 318, 323 (1992). For this reason, the Supreme Court has "adopt[ed] a common law test for determining who qualifies as an `employee' under ERISA." Id. This is a general common law test of agency, rather than the law of any particular state. Id. at 324 (citing Community for Creative Non-Violence v. Reid, 490 U.S. 730, 740 (1989)). I therefore must look to the general common law of agency to determine whether Reyes and Montes were Northwest's employees or independent contractors.
the skill required; the source of the instrumentalities and tools; the location of the work; the duration of the relationship between the parties; whether the hiring party has the right to assign additional projects to the hired party; the extent of the hired party's discretion over when and how long to work; the method of payment; the hired party's in hiring and paying assistants; whether the work is part of the regular business of the hiring party; whether the hiring party is in business; the provision of employee benefits; and the tax treatment of the hired party.
Reid, 490 U.S. at 751.
Plaintiff Brush alleges that defendant Northwest retained absolute control over defendants Reyes and Montes, and that Reyes and Montes "did not retain any discretion in performing their work within this system." (Doc. 41, at 11.) I disagree. First, not only is this unsupported by the record, "but the extent of control the hiring party exercises over the details of the [work] is not dispositive." Reid, 490 U.S. at 752. In addition, the fact that Northwest neither withheld payroll taxes, nor provided employment benefits, favors a finding of independent contractor status. See Hi-Tech Video Prods., Inc. v. Capital Cities/ABC, Inc., 58 F.3d 1093, 1097 (6th Cir. 1995).
Reid is a sculptor, a skilled occupation . . . Reid supplied his own tools. Reid was retained for less than two months, a relatively short period of time-During and after this time, CCNV had no right to assign additional projects to Reid. Apart from the deadline for completing the sculpture, Reid had absolute freedom to decide when and how long to work CCNV paid Reid $15,000, a sum dependent on "completion of a specific job, a method by which independent contractors are often compensated." Reid had total discretion in hiring and paying assistants. . . . Finally, CCNV did not pay payroll or Social Security taxes, provide any employee benefits, or contribute to unemployment insurance or workers' compensation funds.
Id. at 751-52 (quoting Holt v. Winpisinger, 811 F.2d 1532, 1540 (D.C. Cir. 1987)).
The Sixth Circuit has declined to recognize an employment relationship in cases with factors similar to those in the present action. In Ware v. United States, 67 F.3d 574 (6th Cir. 1995), the court held that Ware, an insurance agent almost exclusively limited to selling only one company's policies, was an independent contractor. Though recognizing that "general agents like Ware are an integral part of [the insurance company's business]," the court found five factors to "strongly favor independent contractor status."
First, Ware was paid by commission rather than straight salary or according to the number of hours worked. He paid most of his business and travel expenses, furnished almost all of his own tools and materials, and he made significant investment in the enterprise. . . . Finally, Ware stood to profit or lose money as a result of his services, the former being particularly important.
Id. at 579-80; accord Wolcott v. Nationwide Mut. Ins. Co., 884 F.2d 245, 251 (6th Cir. 1989) (holding that because plaintiff hired his own employees and exercised managerial skill, owned his own office, was paid on commission, required to obtain and maintain a license to sell insurance, and defendant made no deductions for Social Security taxes, plaintiff was an independent contractor, not an employee).
Though no one factor is dispositive, the evidence in this case demonstrates that defendants Reyes and Montes acted as independent contractors. First, while the skill required may not be great, operating tractor-trailers such as the truck Montes was driving at the time of the accident certainly requires some degree of skill. As for the location of the work, nearly all of it took place in the tomato fields owned by farmers who were not employed by Northwest, or in the hauling truck owned by defendant Reyes. While the relationship that Reyes and Montes had with Northwest spanned about three years, this work is necessary seasonal, thus this relationship lasted only during the harvest season. There is no indication that Northwest had the right to assign additional tasks to either Reyes or Montes. Both Reyes and Montes were paid cash, based on the number of packed crates delivered, rather than by salary or hours worked. Moreover, Reyes, not Northwest, solicited Montes for assistance. Finally, Northwest did not afford any type of employment benefits to Reyes or Montes, nor did Northwest issue the two workers any W-2 forms for tax purposes. The mere facts that Northwest was in the business of selling tomatoes, and hauling them is an integral part of this business, are not sufficient to support a holding that Reyes and Montes were employees of Northwest.
Because defendants Reyes and Montes were independent contractors, Northwest cannot be held vicariously liable under the doctrine of respondeat superior. Northwest's motion for summary judgment therefore is granted.
II. Hartford Casualty Insurance Co. v. Montes, et al.
Plaintiff Hartford alleges that defendant Northwest is liable for the negligence of defendants' Reyes and Montes under the doctrine of respondeat superior. Specifically, Hartford alleges that Reyes and Montes were employees of Northwest, not independent contractors. Again, I disagree.
Because this court has diversity jurisdiction over this claim pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1332, I must look to Ohio law to determine whether defendants Reyes and Montes were employees or independent contractors. Gahafer v. Ford Motor Co., 328 F.3d 859, 861 (6th Cir. 2003) (holding that a federal court sitting in diversity applies substantive law of the forum state). Under Ohio law, the negligence of an independent contractor is not attributable to a hiring party who retains no right of control over the work performed by the independent contractor. Councell v. Douglas, 163 Ohio St. 292, 295 (1955). "The fundamental rule generally recognized is that the doctrine of respondeat superior is applicable to the relation of master and servant or of principal and agent, but not to that of employer and independent contractor." Id.; see also Laderer v. St. Rita's Med. Ctr., 122 Ohio App.3d 587, 594 (1977) ("Though an employer or principal is generally vicariously liable for the torts of his employee or agent under respondeat superior, the negligence of an independent contractor is not attributable to a hiring party who retains no right of control over the mode and manner or the work performed by the hired person.").
(8) the attendant agreement or contracts. Id. at 291-92 (citing Bostic v. Connor, 37 Ohio St.3d 144, 146 (1988)).
If there is no dispute about the work performed, whether the work creates an independent contractor relationship is a question of law. Id. "However, the issue becomes a jury question where the claimant offers he was an employee rather than an independent contractor." Bostic, 37 Ohio St.3d at 146.
The Ohio Court of Appeals has addressed the issue of whether a general contractor can be held vicariously liable for the negligence of its subcontractor where the subcontractor was performing hauling services for the contractor. New York, Chicago St. Louis Rd. Co. v. Heffrier Constr. Co., 9 Ohio App.2d 174, 175 (1967). In Heffner, the plaintiff railroad company sought to hold defendant Heffner vicariously liable for the negligence of Mason, who was driving an empty dump truck for Trico Trucking, Inc. Id. Heffner contracted with Trico to load and haul gravel from Heffner's gravel pit. Id. The plaintiff asserted that because Heffner exercised control over Trico at the gravel pit where the gravel was loaded, Heffner therefore controlled the mode and manner of the work performed, rendering Trico an employee of Heffner. Id. at 180. Rejecting this contention, the court held that because the injury to the plaintiff resulted form a portion of the work over which Heffner retained no control, specifically the mode and manner in which Mason was driving his truck at the time of the collision, Heffner could not be held vicariously liable. Id.
The decision in Heffner is closely analogous to the instant case. First, any control that Northwest exercised over Reyes or Montes related to the work of harvesting, rather than the job of hauling tomatoes or, as at the time of the accident, transporting empty crates in preparation for the following day's work Contrary to Hartford's assertions, Northwest did not control whether Reyes and Montes worked at all, how hard they worked, or how much they earned. Northwest gave no instructions as to travel routes to get to where Reyes and Montes would work, or how to operate the truck, which Reyes, rather than Northwest, owned. Northwest did not provide insurance for the vehicle, or even, apparently, require proof of insurance from Reyes.
Plaintiff Hartford asserts that "Northwest had the complete and total right to control Montes' and Reyes' job performance" and that Northwest "gave specific instructions for hauling and transporting the tomatoes. Montes and Reyes had no individual discretion." (Doc. 19, at 4.) I agree with defendant Northwest that Hartford has failed to proffer any evidence in the record to support these conclusions. Northwest certainly controlled where Reyes and Montes worked by assigning which field they would work in, and may have given some instruction to them while they were in the fields. However, because it is not possible to tell whether the tomatoes are ripe for harvest until two to three days before they are ready, directing Reyes daily as to which fields to go to is simply part of the tomato farming business. Farmers within the cooperative told Northwest which fields were ready a couple days beforehand and Northwest in turn told Reyes, who in turn told his assistant, Montes. This is necessarily a day-to-day process, requiring Reyes to learn from Northwest which fields the farmers wanted harvested. Hartford's attempt to equate this circumstance as having "complete and total control" over Reyes and Montes is unpersuasive. Reyes and Montes were not in the tomato farming business, but rather the tomato harvesting and hauling business.
While there may have been some control over Reyes, and less over Montes, who was hired directly by Reyes and subject to his control, I find that the undisputed evidence shows that each retained discretion over most of what they did and when they did it. Thus they were independent contractors, and Northwest cannot be held liable for their actions.


text:
#region License

#endregion
using System.Collections;
namespace System.IO
{
    /// <summary>
    /// FileArchiver
    /// </summary>
    public class FileArchiver
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// ArchiveEveryMode
        /// </summary>
        public enum ArchiveEveryMode
        {
            /// <summary>
            ///
            /// </summary>
            None,
            /// <summary>
            ///
            /// </summary>
            Year,
            /// <summary>
            ///
            /// </summary>
            Month,
            /// <summary>
            ///
            /// </summary>
            Day,
            /// <summary>
            ///
            /// </summary>
            Hour,
            /// <summary>
            ///
            /// </summary>
            Minute
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// ArchiveNumberingMode
        /// </summary>
        public enum ArchiveNumberingMode
        {
            /// <summary>
            ///
            /// </summary>
            Sequence,
            /// <summary>
            ///
            /// </summary>
            Rolling
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="FileArchiver"/> class.
        /// </summary>
        public FileArchiver()
        {
            MaxArchiveFiles = 9;
            ArchiveAboveSize = -1L;
            ArchiveNumbering = ArchiveNumberingMode.Rolling;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Gets or sets the max archive files.
        /// </summary>
        /// <value>The max archive files.</value>
        public int MaxArchiveFiles { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// Gets or sets the archive numbering.
        /// </summary>
        /// <value>The archive numbering.</value>
        public ArchiveNumberingMode ArchiveNumbering { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// Gets or sets the size of the archive above.
        /// </summary>
        /// <value>The size of the archive above.</value>
        public long ArchiveAboveSize { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// Gets or sets the archive every.
        /// </summary>
        /// <value>The archive every.</value>
        public ArchiveEveryMode ArchiveEvery { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// Gets the file info.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="fileName">Name of the file.</param>
        /// <param name="lastWriteTime">The last write time.</param>
        /// <param name="fileLength">Length of the file.</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        private bool GetFileInfo(string fileName, out DateTime lastWriteTime, out long fileLength)
        {
            var info = new FileInfo(fileName);
            if (info.Exists)
            {
                fileLength = info.Length;
                lastWriteTime = info.LastWriteTime;
                return true;
            }
            fileLength = -1L;
            lastWriteTime = DateTime.MinValue;
            return false;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Shoulds the auto archive.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="fileName">Name of the file.</param>
        /// <param name="upcomingWriteTime">The upcoming write time.</param>
        /// <param name="upcomingWriteSize">Size of the upcoming write.</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public bool ShouldAutoArchive(string fileName, DateTime upcomingWriteTime, int upcomingWriteSize)
        {
            DateTime time;
            long num;
            string str;
            if ((ArchiveAboveSize == -1L) && (ArchiveEvery == ArchiveEveryMode.None))
                return false;
            if (!GetFileInfo(fileName, out time, out num))
                return false;
            if ((ArchiveAboveSize != -1L) && ((num + upcomingWriteSize) > ArchiveAboveSize))
                return true;
            switch (ArchiveEvery)
            {
                case ArchiveEveryMode.Year:
                    str = "yyyy";
                    break;
                case ArchiveEveryMode.Month:
                    str = "yyyyMM";
                    break;
                case ArchiveEveryMode.Hour:
                    str = "yyyyMMddHH";
                    break;
                case ArchiveEveryMode.Minute:
                    str = "yyyyMMddHHmm";
                    break;
                case ArchiveEveryMode.None:
                    return false;
                default:
                    str = "yyyyMMdd";
                    break;
            }
            string str2 = time.ToString(str);
            string str3 = upcomingWriteTime.ToString(str);
            if (str2 != str3)
                return true;
            return false;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Res the scope path.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="directory">The directory.</param>
        /// <param name="path">The path.</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string ReScopePath(string directory, string path)
        {
            return Path.GetFullPath(Path.Combine(Path.Combine(Path.GetDirectoryName(path), directory), Path.GetFileName(path)));
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Does the auto archive.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="fileName">Name of the file.</param>
        public void DoAutoArchive(string archiveDirectory, string fileName)
        {
            var info = new FileInfo(fileName);
            if (info.Exists)
            {
                string formattedMessage = Path.ChangeExtension(info.FullName, ".{#}" + Path.GetExtension(fileName));
                if ((archiveDirectory != null) && (archiveDirectory.Length > 0))
                    formattedMessage = ReScopePath(archiveDirectory, formattedMessage);
                switch (ArchiveNumbering)
                {
                    case ArchiveNumberingMode.Sequence:
                        SequentialArchive(info.FullName, formattedMessage);
                        return;
                    case ArchiveNumberingMode.Rolling:
                        RecursiveRollingRename(info.FullName, formattedMessage, 0);
                        return;
                }
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Recursives the rolling rename.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="archiveDirectory">The archive directory.</param>
        /// <param name="fileName">Name of the file.</param>
        /// <param name="pattern">The pattern.</param>
        /// <param name="archiveNumber">The archive number.</param>
        private void RecursiveRollingRename(string fileName, string pattern, int archiveNumber)
        {
            if ((MaxArchiveFiles != -1) && (archiveNumber >= MaxArchiveFiles))
                File.Delete(fileName);
            else if (File.Exists(fileName))
            {
                string str = ReplaceNumber(pattern, archiveNumber);
                if (File.Exists(fileName))
                    RecursiveRollingRename(str, pattern, archiveNumber + 1);
                //s_Logger.Trace("Renaming {0} to {1}", fileName, str);
                try
                {
                    File.Move(fileName, str);
                }
                catch (DirectoryNotFoundException)
                {
                    Directory.CreateDirectory(Path.GetDirectoryName(str));
                    File.Move(fileName, str);
                }
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Sequentials the archive.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="archiveDirectory">The archive directory.</param>
        /// <param name="fileName">Name of the file.</param>
        /// <param name="pattern">The pattern.</param>
        private void SequentialArchive(string fileName, string pattern)
        {
            string str = Path.GetFileName(pattern);
            int index = str.IndexOf("{#");
            int startIndex = str.IndexOf("#}") + 2;
            int num3 = str.Length - startIndex;
            string searchPattern = str.Substring(0, index) + "*" + str.Substring(startIndex);
            string directoryName = Path.GetDirectoryName(Path.GetFullPath(pattern));
            int num4 = -1;
            int num5 = -1;
            var hashtable = new Hashtable();
            try
            {
                foreach (string str4 in Directory.GetFiles(directoryName, searchPattern))
                {
                    int num6;
                    string str5 = Path.GetFileName(str4);
                    string str6 = str5.Substring(index, (str5.Length - num3) - index);
                    try
                    {
                        num6 = Convert.ToInt32(str6);
                    }
                    catch (FormatException) { continue; }
                    num4 = Math.Max(num4, num6);
                    num5 = (num5 != -1 ? Math.Min(num5, num6) : num6);
                    hashtable[num6] = str4;
                }
                num4++;
            }
            catch (DirectoryNotFoundException)
            {
                Directory.CreateDirectory(directoryName);
                num4 = 0;
            }
            if ((MaxArchiveFiles != -1) && (num5 != -1))
            {
                int num7 = (num4 - MaxArchiveFiles) + 1;
                for (int i = num5; i < num7; i++)
                {
                    string path = (string)hashtable[i];
                    if (path != null)
                        File.Delete(path);
                }
            }
            string destFileName = ReplaceNumber(pattern, num4);
            File.Move(fileName, destFileName);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Replaces the number.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="pattern">The pattern.</param>
        /// <param name="value">The value.</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        private string ReplaceNumber(string pattern, int value)
        {
            int index = pattern.IndexOf("{#");
            int startIndex = pattern.IndexOf("#}") + 2;
            int totalWidth = (startIndex - index) - 2;
            return (pattern.Substring(0, index) + Convert.ToString(value, 10).PadLeft(totalWidth, '0') + pattern.Substring(startIndex));
        }
    }
}


Welcome back, it is has been a long long time since I last made a blog post. Since then I have moved from working on KHTML in my free time to being payed to work on QtWebKit full time. I was hired by Nokia last December and was transferred to Digia in September together with most of the Qt team. At Digia most of our work goes into getting ready for Qt 5. We do however have a small side project for Qt 4.x I would like to tell you about, QtWebKit 2.3.
QtWebKit 2.3 was branched from WebKit trunk in early August, but has been merging almost all commits since, only skipping those that removed Qt4 support or used Qt5 specific features. It is our plan to stop following WebKit trunk once QtWebKit for Qt5 also branches, QtWebKit 2.3 will then follow the Qt5 branch, so that it will provide roughly the same underlying features for Qt4 that the next QtWebKit version will provide for Qt5.
It should be pointed out that QtWebKit 2.3 is intended as a community project, it is not part of any official Qt release and is not scheduled to be. QtWebKit 2.3 got started because there was a show of interest from the community to continue to support WebKit for Qt 4.x, so please note that we rely on your help make it work. From the feedback we already get on the webkit-qt mailing list it looks like there are already several developers trying it out.
So what is actually new? The same things as in QtWebKit for Qt 5 minus the QQuickWebView interface or the rename of libraries.
Lots of performance improvements and reduced memory usage.
Incremental image loading by prefering WebKit image-decoders over Qt image decoders.
Interface for automatic spell-checker (which wasn't ready for QtWebKit2.2 which is in Qt 4.8).
Better support for "BLOB" URLs (Used by some Google services when uploading images among other things).
So where can you find it?
Set QTDIR (even it is to /usr), call Tools/Scripts/build-webkit --qt --no-webkit2.
How do I build kwebkitpart against my new build of QtWebKit2.3?
Bugs for QtWebKit 2.3 are currently tracked in the WebKit bug tracker (bugs.webkit.org). When making a bug report for QtWebKit 2.3, please add [Qt4] to the beginning of the bug title, and make it block bug 88186 which tracks QtWebKit 2.3 issues. Note that since QtWebKit 2.3 lives in a separate branch, features such as the Early-Warning System will not work, and the regular review process does not strictly apply, so you should never request reviews with r? or commits with cq? on any patches for the branch.
I guess that is all. If you have more questions, ask them in the comments.
Looks cool, the project I work on depends critically on QtWebKit so keep up the good work.
In this case that the branch is not automatically tested on all platforms, so users may experience some configurations not building and may need to fix it and hopefully contribute the fixes back.
Does it mean that there will be ubuntu packages with recent webkit finally?


text:
Camelon and Larbert 17.3.18
37099 tnt 37421 at Larbert37099 top and tailed with 37421 pass through Larbert with 1Q77 Mossend - Inverness Network Rail test train 17.3.18 Camelon
In the middle of a snow shower, 60021 approaches Camelon with 6S36 Dalston - Grangemouth tanks
170396 pauses at Camelon with 2P38 Dunblane - Edinburgh Waverley
66302 passes through Camelon with 4A13 Grangemouth - Aberdeen containers
156434 pauses at Camelon with 2J66 Glasgow Queen Street - Falkirk Grahamston
Larbert
170456 approaches Larbert with 2P86 Dunblane - Edinburgh Waverley
170427 prepares to depart Larbert with 2N51 Glasgow Queen Street - Dunblane
37099 top and tailed with 37421 pass through Larbert with 1Q77 Mossend - Inverness Network Rail test train
Keywords: 156434, 170396, 170427, 170456, 37099, 37421, 60021, 66, 66302, camelon, colas, drs, larbert, scotrail
Most of my Photographs and sightings are from my favourite locations in the Lanarkshire area, including
Float Viaduct
Cartland
Hartwood
Greenfaulds
Auchengray
Carluke
McGill's Scotland East Day out on the London Underground 12.10.22 Isle of Wight revisited 13.10.22 Class 315s in London 12.10.22 Class 313 Days out 11.10 and 14.10.22 New advert livery for Subway Cars 132 + 204+ 104 10.9.22 Whitrope Heritage Centre 3.9.22 614209 Demonstration run at Bo'ness 2.9.22 Swift Express Freight's 321334 at Holytown 26.8.22 Visit to Isle of Wight 26.7.22
scotrail DRS class 314 carstairs colas glasgow central edinburgh trams 314209 314205 314214
January February (4) March (4) (8) April (8) (2) May (2) (4) June (4) (4) July (4) August September October November December
January February March (57) April (57) May June (30) July (30) August September October November December
January February March (89) April (89) (3) May (3) (13) June (13) July August September October November December
January February (126) March (126) (21) April (21) (9) May (9) (10) June (10) (9) July (9) (16) August (16) (12) September (12) (5) October (5) (2) November (2) (10) December (10)
(9) January (9) (6) February (6) (9) March (9) (11) April (11) (5) May (5) (9) June (9) (6) July (6) (14) August (14) (11) September (11) (8) October (8) (4) November (4) December
(7) January (7) (9) February (9) (15) March (15) (6) April (6) (9) May (9) (14) June (14) (9) July (9) (10) August (10) (5) September (5) (4) October (4) (7) November (7) (8) December (8)
January February March April May June (19) July (19) August September October November December
(42) January (42) February March April May June (24) July (24) (2) August (2) (1) September (1) (3) October (3) (2) November (2) (1) December (1)
(4) January (4) (2) February (2) (3) March (3) (2) April (2) (1) May (1) (1) June (1) July (5) August (5) (3) September (3) October (1) November (1) (3) December (3)


text:
11 Tips for Paying Off More Than $100,000 in Debt
Teresa Mears
A few years ago, Travis Pizel and his wife, Vonnie, found themselves in crisis. The Rochester, Minnesota, couple had good jobs and lived well, eating out frequently, buying what they wanted and taking vacations to water parks with their two children.
But a letter from their credit card company advising them of higher payments forced them to confront the truth: They had accrued $109,000 in credit card debt during their 13-year marriage. Despite a household income of about $100,000, they couldn't afford higher payments.
"We had essentially been racking up credit card debt from the moment we said 'I do,'" Pizel says. "It was just a big snowball rolling down the hill that kept getting bigger and bigger."
They're far from the only Americans who have found themselves faced with huge debts. Credit cards, student loans, auto loans, home equity lines of credit -- it's easy to discover that you've gotten yourself in over your head with numbers so large you don't even want to face them.
That's the wrong approach, says Beverly Blair Harzog, author of "Confessions of a Credit Junkie" and "The Debt Escape Plan," which will be published next month. "The first thing you need to do is own the debt," Harzog says. That means telling yourself "I did this. I'm not a victim, and now it's my job to pay it off."
The first step, she says, is writing down exactly how much you owe each creditor, with interest rates and minimum payments. The next step is to come up with a budget, determining how much it costs you to live and what expenses you can cut to find the money to pay off your debts.
It's better to tackle debts sooner rather than later because consumers with solid credit have more options -- flexibility to negotiate lower interest rates or secure a balance transfer credit card -- than those whose debts have been turned over to collection agencies.
"If they feel they're just one paycheck away from being in crisis, that's a good time to call," says Thomas Nitzsche, a financial educator in St. Louis for ClearPoint Credit Counseling Solutions.
Pizel and his wife enrolled in a debt management (not debt settlement) program, which cost them $50 to start and $55 a month. They paid off the $109,000 in 55 months and estimate that the program, which negotiated lower interest rates on their cards, saved them $30,000 in interest charges.
They also made some big changes to their lives, including communicating a lot more about money with twice-weekly consultations on spending, saving and finances.
"We didn't really come to grips with how much we had to change our lifestyle at once," Pizel says. Dining out was curtailed, and vacations became fewer. They started planning meals and sticking to grocery lists. "We looked at every monthly bill," he says, asking one question: "Does that bring value to our lives?"
What works for one person won't necessarily work for another, and most people need to experiment to find the best budget and debt-payoff method, says Harzog, whose new book focuses on helping people find the methods that suit their personalities.
"You have to change your behavior, and that takes time," she says. "It's not going to happen overnight, where you have this epiphany and everything falls into place."
Here are 11 strategies from Harzog, Pizel, Nitzsche and other experts on how to attack big debts.
Calculate what you owe. List all your creditors, including the minimum payments and interest rates. Plan to attack one debt at a time, making minimum payments on all the others. Some advocate the "snowball" method, starting with the smallest debt. Others start with the debts that have the highest interest rate. Either way, you want to throw as much money as you can each month at your target account, then move to the next. Yes, there's an app for that. Jackie Beck at TheDebtMyth.com created Pay Off Debt, an app for the snowball method.
Cut expenses. If you're lucky, you might be able to pay off your debt by cutting down on vacations, dining out, gym memberships and shopping. If that's not enough, you may need to consider moving to a smaller home, switching your kids from private to public school, selling your car or moving in with family.
Make a budget. You can create your budget on paper or use tools such as Mint.com or YNAB.com (You Need a Budget). Some people like the envelope system, where you use cash for everything, creating envelopes for each expense category plus savings. Start by writing down every cent you spend. "If you can make yourself do this for three or four weeks, you'll be surprised at where some of your money's going," Harzog says.
Earn more money. That could mean getting a new job that pays better, taking a part-time job on the side or freelancing. You may also be able to sell belongings to generate more cash.
Quit using credit cards. Many clients are reluctant to give up credit cards because of the loyalty programs, Nitzsche says. But if you're paying 10 percent interest, the 2 percent cash back you receive is a net loss.
Transfer balances to get a lower interest rate. This is a good option for people with solid credit, as long as you can pay off the balance during the introductory period. Take any balance transfer fees into account. While you can sometimes refinance your mortgage or take out a home equity line at a lower interest rate to pay off credit card debt, remember that failing to make those payments can endanger your home.
Call your credit card company. If you're current or not far behind on payments, you may be able to negotiate a lower interest rate or smaller minimum payment. Ask to speak to the hardship department or a supervisor. "Take action quickly," Harzog says. "Don't wait until you're three months behind to call."
Get counseling. Find a nonprofit company that is accredited by the National Foundation for Credit Counseling, has positive customer reviews and a good rating from the Better Business Bureau. Most companies will provide a free initial consultation. After that, you can decide whether you need a credit management plan, in which the agency negotiates with your credit card companies, takes one payment from you and then pays your creditors. These nonprofit agencies, which used to be known as consumer credit counseling services, can also help with student loans and mortgage modifications.
Consult an attorney. This is an especially viable option if you're considering bankruptcy or have been sued. A credit counseling agency may help you find one.
Scrutinize medical bills. Medical debt makes up 52 percent of the bills sent to collections, according to a study last year by the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau. Make sure your bills are accurate, and that the insurance company has paid its share. Once you've determined what you owe, ask for financial aid, a payment plan or a discount. "A lot of people don't know they can apply for financial aid with a hospital," Nitzsche says. Even if the answer is no, the hospital may offer a payment plan or write off some of the bill.
Beware of debt settlement companies. These for-profit companies usually collect money upfront, tell you not to pay your bills and wait for the debt to become delinquent in hopes of negotiating a settlement. This may or may not work, and the result could be a lawsuit or a lien against your home. Many companies take customers' money and then disappear. "There are situations when settling a debt may be a good idea, but I don't recommend going to a debt settlement company," Nitzsche says. Start with a credit counselor, who may recommend other options to settle debts.
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text:
Q: When to use `actionListner` and `action`? And which one will gets executed first? I am new to Java. I have following doubt.
When to use ActionListener and when Action? And which one gets executed first?
Can someone explain in simple steps?

A: If you are using actionListener and action in jsf, then actionListener gets executed first.