text:
With a wobble, Brady and Patriots head into playoffs
Pats have 1st-round playoff bye
(AP Photo/Lynne Sladky) SOURCE: (AP Photo/Lynne Sladky)
When an achy Tom Brady had finished fending off questions about the New England Patriots' desultory regular-season finale, he stepped gingerly off the interview podium, looking a little wobbly as he heads for the playoffs.The Patriots need to regain their footing, and fast. Brady took a pounding Sunday and the Patriots lost to Miami 20-10 to fall to 12-4 - with all of their losses coming in the past six games."We have to play well going forward if we want to make anything of our season," Brady said. "Nothing over the last six weeks is going to matter."Here are things to know as the Patriots start the playoffs and the Dolphins start their offseason:PLAYOFF PICTURE: For the second week in a row, the Patriots missed a chance to earn the top playoff seed by winning. They were edged out by Denver, which means New England is not assured of home-field advantage throughout the playoffs."Wherever we play, we play," coach Bill Belichick said.QUARTERBACK SACK: With the Pats anxious to protect Brady's health, he threw a season-low 21 passes, and even so he was lucky to make it through the game in one piece. He was sacked twice and endured at least half a dozen knockdowns, including three on one series."I'm pretty sore," Brady said, "but I'll be all right."The Patriots rested several injured starters. Brady's afternoon ended when he was buried on a third-down sack with five minutes left, and he watched the Patriots' final offensive series from the sideline.Brady finished 12 for 21 for a season-low 134 yards, and was held without a touchdown pass for the first time this season. He tweaked his right ankle in the second quarter when Ndamukong Suh rolled into his legs on a third-down incompletion, but was back for the next series."I didn't see the replay," Brady said. "I'll be anxious to see it."In the second half he came out throwing, and running back James White turned a short pass into a 68-yard gain to set up New England's touchdown.PLAY-CALLING: Brady spent most of the first half handing off, with the Patriots running the ball on 16 of their first 18 plays. He threw only five passes in the first half, the lowest halftime total in any game he has started, according to STATS."I thought they would come out and throw it, try to open the game up early, and then run more in the second half," Miami interim coach Dan Campbell said. "They flipped it. They wanted to try to establish the run and protect Tom."COACH SEARCH: The Dolphins (6-10) missed the playoffs for the seventh consecutive year, which is why another coaching change looms. Campbell, who went 5-7, will be among those interviewed but is not expected to return."I'm looking for somebody who can really be motivational," owner Stephen Ross said, "and inspire the players to play to get the best out of them, that's very intelligent, and who can really change the culture here - somebody who can make sure that when you walk into this locker room, you intend on winning a football game."Executive vice president of football operations Mike Tannenbaum will lead the search. The person he selects is likely to be a first-time NFL head coach."Today it's very hard to find somebody with a lot of prior NFL head-coaching experience," Ross said. "The great ones are all under contract, and I can't really negotiate with them or lure them to Miami, unfortunately."JACKSON SCORES: Patriots running back Steven Jackson scored on a 2-yard run, his first TD since joining the team Dec 22."Once we get in those situations where we've got to grind out those yardages, that's where I've got to make sure I pull my weight," Jackson said.
MIAMI GARDENS, Fla. —
When an achy Tom Brady had finished fending off questions about the New England Patriots' desultory regular-season finale, he stepped gingerly off the interview podium, looking a little wobbly as he heads for the playoffs.
The Patriots need to regain their footing, and fast. Brady took a pounding Sunday and the Patriots lost to Miami 20-10 to fall to 12-4 - with all of their losses coming in the past six games.
"We have to play well going forward if we want to make anything of our season," Brady said. "Nothing over the last six weeks is going to matter."
Here are things to know as the Patriots start the playoffs and the Dolphins start their offseason:
PLAYOFF PICTURE: For the second week in a row, the Patriots missed a chance to earn the top playoff seed by winning. They were edged out by Denver, which means New England is not assured of home-field advantage throughout the playoffs.
"Wherever we play, we play," coach Bill Belichick said.
QUARTERBACK SACK: With the Pats anxious to protect Brady's health, he threw a season-low 21 passes, and even so he was lucky to make it through the game in one piece. He was sacked twice and endured at least half a dozen knockdowns, including three on one series.
"I'm pretty sore," Brady said, "but I'll be all right."
The Patriots rested several injured starters. Brady's afternoon ended when he was buried on a third-down sack with five minutes left, and he watched the Patriots' final offensive series from the sideline.
Brady finished 12 for 21 for a season-low 134 yards, and was held without a touchdown pass for the first time this season. He tweaked his right ankle in the second quarter when Ndamukong Suh rolled into his legs on a third-down incompletion, but was back for the next series.
"I didn't see the replay," Brady said. "I'll be anxious to see it."
In the second half he came out throwing, and running back James White turned a short pass into a 68-yard gain to set up New England's touchdown.
PLAY-CALLING: Brady spent most of the first half handing off, with the Patriots running the ball on 16 of their first 18 plays. He threw only five passes in the first half, the lowest halftime total in any game he has started, according to STATS.
"I thought they would come out and throw it, try to open the game up early, and then run more in the second half," Miami interim coach Dan Campbell said. "They flipped it. They wanted to try to establish the run and protect Tom."
COACH SEARCH: The Dolphins (6-10) missed the playoffs for the seventh consecutive year, which is why another coaching change looms. Campbell, who went 5-7, will be among those interviewed but is not expected to return.
"I'm looking for somebody who can really be motivational," owner Stephen Ross said, "and inspire the players to play to get the best out of them, that's very intelligent, and who can really change the culture here - somebody who can make sure that when you walk into this locker room, you intend on winning a football game."
Executive vice president of football operations Mike Tannenbaum will lead the search. The person he selects is likely to be a first-time NFL head coach.
"Today it's very hard to find somebody with a lot of prior NFL head-coaching experience," Ross said. "The great ones are all under contract, and I can't really negotiate with them or lure them to Miami, unfortunately."
JACKSON SCORES: Patriots running back Steven Jackson scored on a 2-yard run, his first TD since joining the team Dec 22.
"Once we get in those situations where we've got to grind out those yardages, that's where I've got to make sure I pull my weight," Jackson said.


text:
The 2012–13 Belenenses season was the club's 95th competitive season, 5th in the Segunda Liga, and 95th year in existence as a football club.

Along with the club's participation in the Segunda Liga, the club also competed in the Taça de Portugal and Taça da Liga. On 30 March 2013, Belenenses won promotion back to the Primeira Liga, following a defeat over Penafiel. Belenenses' campaign was also most notable for several records, namely, most points accumulated during a single season (94).

Club
Coaching staff
{|class="wikitable"
|-
!Position
!Staff
|-
|Manager|| Mitchell van der Gaag
|-
|Assistant manager|| Jorge Simão
|-
|Technical director|| Rui Gregório
|-
|Goalkeeper Coach|| Luís Ferreira
|-
|Fitness Coach|| José Manuel Almeida
|-
|rowspan="2"|Scout|| João Janeiro
|-
| Rui Correia
|-
|Director of scouting|| Gonçalo Monteiro
|-Other information

First-team squad
Stats as of the end of the 2012–13 season. Games played and goals scored only refers to appearances and goals in domestic league campaigns.

Awards

Competitions

Legend

Overall

Competition record

Taça de Portugal

Matches

Statistics

Appearances

References

C.F. Os Belenenses seasons
Belenenses

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.VR;
using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Leap.Unity.Attributes;

namespace Leap.Unity {

  /// <summary>
  /// Implements spatial alignment of cameras and synchronization with images.
  /// </summary>
  public class LeapVRTemporalWarping : MonoBehaviour {
    private const int DEFAULT_WARP_ADJUSTMENT = 17;
    private const long MAX_LATENCY = 200000;

    #region Inspector

    [SerializeField]
    private LeapServiceProvider provider;

    [Tooltip("The transform that represents the head object.")]
    [SerializeField]
    private Transform _headTransform;

    [Tooltip("The transform that is the anchor that tracking movement is relative to.  Can be null if head motion is in world space.")]
    [SerializeField]
    private Transform _trackingAnchor;

    // Spatial recalibration
    [Tooltip("Key to recenter the VR tracking space.")]
    [SerializeField]
    private KeyCode _recenter = KeyCode.R;

    [Tooltip("Allows smooth enabling or disabling of the Image-Warping feature.  Usually should match rotation warping.")]
    [Range(0, 1)]
    [SerializeField]
    private float _tweenImageWarping = 0f;
    public float tweenImageWarping {
      get {
        return _tweenImageWarping;
      }
      set {
        _tweenImageWarping = Mathf.Clamp01(value);
      }
    }

    [Tooltip("Allows smooth enabling or disabling of the Rotational warping of Leap Space.  Usually should match image warping.")]
    [Range(0, 1)]
    [SerializeField]
    private float _tweenRotationalWarping = 0f;
    public float tweenRotationalWarping {
      get {
        return _tweenRotationalWarping;
      }
      set {
        _tweenRotationalWarping = Mathf.Clamp01(value);
      }
    }

    [Tooltip("Allows smooth enabling or disabling of the Positional warping of Leap Space.  Usually should be disabled when using image warping.")]
    [Range(0, 1)]
    [SerializeField]
    private float _tweenPositionalWarping = 0f;
    public float tweenPositionalWarping {
      get {
        return _tweenPositionalWarping;
      }
      set {
        _tweenPositionalWarping = Mathf.Clamp01(value);
      }
    }

    [Tooltip("Controls when this script synchronizes the time warp of images.  Use LowLatency for VR, and SyncWithImages for AR.")]
    [SerializeField]
    private SyncMode _syncMode = SyncMode.LOW_LATENCY;
    public SyncMode temporalSyncMode {
      get {
        return _syncMode;
      }
      set {
        _syncMode = value;
      }
    }

    [Header("Advanced")]
    [Tooltip("Forces an update of the temporal warping to happen in Late Update using the existing head transform.  Should not be enabled if you " +
             "are using the default Unity VR integration!")]
    [SerializeField]
    private bool _forceCustomUpdate = false;

    // Manual Time Alignment
    [Tooltip("Allow manual adjustment of the rewind time.")]
    [SerializeField]
    private bool _allowManualTimeAlignment;

    [Tooltip("Time in milliseconds between the current frame's Leap position (offset from "
           + "the headset) and the time at which the Leap frame was captured. This "
           + "prevents 'swimming' behavior when the headset moves and the user's hands "
           + "don't. This value can be tuned if using a non-standard VR headset.")]
    [SerializeField]
    private int _customWarpAdjustment = DEFAULT_WARP_ADJUSTMENT; //Milliseconds
    public int warpingAdjustment {
      get {
        if (_allowManualTimeAlignment) {
          return _customWarpAdjustment;
        } else {
          return DEFAULT_WARP_ADJUSTMENT;
        }
      }
    }

    [SerializeField]
    private KeyCode _unlockHold = KeyCode.RightShift;

    [SerializeField]
    private KeyCode _moreRewind = KeyCode.LeftArrow;

    [SerializeField]
    private KeyCode _lessRewind = KeyCode.RightArrow;

    // Manual Device Offset
    private const float DEFAULT_DEVICE_OFFSET_Y_AXIS = 0f;
    private const float DEFAULT_DEVICE_OFFSET_Z_AXIS = 0.12f;
    private const float DEFAULT_DEVICE_TILT_X_AXIS = 5f;
    [Tooltip("Allow manual adjustment of the Leap device's virtual offset and tilt. These "
           + "settings can be used to match the physical position and orientation of the "
           + "Leap Motion sensor on a tracked device it is mounted on (such as a VR "
           + "headset.)")]
    [SerializeField, OnEditorChange("allowManualDeviceOffset")]
    private bool _allowManualDeviceOffset;
    public bool allowManualDeviceOffset {
      get { return _allowManualDeviceOffset; }
      set {
        _allowManualDeviceOffset = value;
        if (!_allowManualDeviceOffset) {
          deviceOffsetYAxis = DEFAULT_DEVICE_OFFSET_Y_AXIS;
          deviceOffsetZAxis = DEFAULT_DEVICE_OFFSET_Z_AXIS;
          deviceTiltXAxis = DEFAULT_DEVICE_TILT_X_AXIS;
        }
      }
    }

    [Tooltip("Adjusts the Leap Motion device's virtual height offset from the tracked "
           + "headset position.")]
    [SerializeField]
    [Range(-0.5F, 0.5F)]
    private float _deviceOffsetYAxis = DEFAULT_DEVICE_OFFSET_Y_AXIS;
    public float deviceOffsetYAxis {
      get {
        return _deviceOffsetYAxis;
      }
      set {
        _deviceOffsetYAxis = value;
      }
    }

    [Tooltip("Adjusts the Leap Motion device's virtual depth offset from the tracked "
           + "headset position.")]
    [SerializeField]
    [Range(-0.5F, 0.5F)]
    private float _deviceOffsetZAxis = DEFAULT_DEVICE_OFFSET_Z_AXIS;
    public float deviceOffsetZAxis {
      get {
        return _deviceOffsetZAxis;
      }
      set {
        _deviceOffsetZAxis = value;
      }
    }

    [Tooltip("Adjusts the Leap Motion device's virtual X axis tilt.")]
    [SerializeField]
    [Range(-90.0F, 90.0F)]
    private float _deviceTiltXAxis = DEFAULT_DEVICE_TILT_X_AXIS;
    public float deviceTiltXAxis {
      get {
        return _deviceTiltXAxis;
      }
      set {
        _deviceTiltXAxis = value;
      }
    }

    #endregion

    #region Public API

    /// <summary>
    /// Provides the position of a Leap Anchor at a given Leap Time.  Cannot extrapolate.
    /// </summary>
    public bool TryGetWarpedTransform(WarpedAnchor anchor, out Vector3 rewoundPosition, out Quaternion rewoundRotation, long leapTime) {
      // Operation is only valid if we have a head transform.
      if (_headTransform == null) {
        rewoundPosition = Vector3.one;
        rewoundRotation = Quaternion.identity;
        return false;
      }

      // Prepare past transform data.
      TransformData past = transformAtTime((leapTime - warpingAdjustment * 1000) + (_syncMode == SyncMode.SYNC_WITH_IMAGES ? 20000 : 0));

      // Prepare device offset parameters.
      Quaternion deviceTilt   = Quaternion.Euler(deviceTiltXAxis, 0f, 0f);
      Vector3    deviceOffset = new Vector3(0f, deviceOffsetYAxis, deviceOffsetZAxis).CompMul(this.transform.lossyScale);

      // TODO: We no longer use deviceInfo.forwardOffset. We should consider removing it
      // entirely or more approrpriately when we collapse the rig hierarchy. 9/1/17

      // Rewind position and rotation.
      if (_trackingAnchor == null) {
        rewoundRotation = past.localRotation * deviceTilt;
        rewoundPosition = past.localPosition + rewoundRotation * deviceOffset;
      } else {
        rewoundRotation = _trackingAnchor.rotation * past.localRotation * deviceTilt;
        rewoundPosition = _trackingAnchor.TransformPoint(past.localPosition) + rewoundRotation * deviceOffset;
      }

      // Move position if we are left-eye-only or right-eye-only.
      switch (anchor) {
        case WarpedAnchor.CENTER:
          break;
        case WarpedAnchor.LEFT:
          rewoundPosition += rewoundRotation * Vector3.left * _deviceInfo.baseline * 0.5f;
          break;
        case WarpedAnchor.RIGHT:
          rewoundPosition += rewoundRotation * Vector3.right * _deviceInfo.baseline * 0.5f;
          break;
        default:
          throw new Exception("Unexpected Rewind Type " + anchor);
      }

      return true;
    }

    public bool TryGetWarpedTransform(WarpedAnchor anchor, out Vector3 rewoundPosition, out Quaternion rewoundRotation) {
      long timestamp = provider.imageTimeStamp;
      if (TryGetWarpedTransform(anchor, out rewoundPosition, out rewoundRotation, timestamp)) {
        return true;
      }

      rewoundPosition = Vector3.zero;
      rewoundRotation = Quaternion.identity;
      return false;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Use this method when not using Unity default VR integration.  This method should be called directly after
    /// the head transform has been updated using your input tracking solution.
    /// </summary>
    public void ManuallyUpdateTemporalWarping() {
      if (_trackingAnchor == null) {
        updateHistory(_headTransform.position, _headTransform.rotation);
        updateTemporalWarping(_headTransform.position, _headTransform.rotation);
      } else {
        updateHistory(_trackingAnchor.InverseTransformPoint(_headTransform.position),
                      Quaternion.Inverse(_trackingAnchor.rotation) * _headTransform.rotation);
      }
    }

    #endregion

    #region Unity Events

    protected void Reset() {
      _headTransform = transform.parent;
      if (_headTransform != null) {
        _trackingAnchor = _headTransform.parent;
      }
    }

    protected void OnValidate() {
      if (_headTransform == null) {
        _headTransform = transform.parent;
      }

      if (!_allowManualTimeAlignment) {
        _customWarpAdjustment = DEFAULT_WARP_ADJUSTMENT;
      }

#if UNITY_EDITOR
      if (_headTransform != null && UnityEditor.PlayerSettings.virtualRealitySupported) {
        _trackingAnchor = _headTransform.parent;
      }
#endif
    }

    protected void OnEnable() {
      LeapVRCameraControl.OnValidCameraParams -= onValidCameraParams; //avoid multiple subscription
      LeapVRCameraControl.OnValidCameraParams += onValidCameraParams;
    }

    protected void OnDisable() {
      LeapVRCameraControl.OnValidCameraParams -= onValidCameraParams;
    }

    protected void Start() {
      if (provider.IsConnected()) {
        _deviceInfo = provider.GetDeviceInfo();
        _shouldSetLocalPosition = true;
        LeapVRCameraControl.OnValidCameraParams += onValidCameraParams;
      } else {
        StartCoroutine(waitForConnection());
        Controller controller = provider.GetLeapController();
        controller.Device += OnDevice;
      }
    }

    private IEnumerator waitForConnection() {
      while (!provider.IsConnected()) {
        yield return null;
      }
      LeapVRCameraControl.OnValidCameraParams -= onValidCameraParams; //avoid multiple subscription
      LeapVRCameraControl.OnValidCameraParams += onValidCameraParams;
    }

    private bool _shouldSetLocalPosition = false;
    protected void OnDevice(object sender, DeviceEventArgs args) {
      _deviceInfo = provider.GetDeviceInfo();
      _shouldSetLocalPosition = true;

      //Get a callback right as rendering begins for this frame so we can update the history and warping.
      LeapVRCameraControl.OnValidCameraParams -= onValidCameraParams; //avoid multiple subscription
      LeapVRCameraControl.OnValidCameraParams += onValidCameraParams;
    }

    protected void Update() {
      if (_shouldSetLocalPosition) {
        transform.localPosition = transform.forward * _deviceInfo.forwardOffset;
        _shouldSetLocalPosition = false;
      }

      if (Input.GetKeyDown(_recenter) && UnityEngine.XR.XRSettings.enabled && UnityEngine.XR.XRDevice.isPresent) {
        UnityEngine.XR.InputTracking.Recenter();
      }

      // Manual Time Alignment
      if (_allowManualTimeAlignment) {
        if (_unlockHold == KeyCode.None || Input.GetKey(_unlockHold)) {
          if (Input.GetKeyDown(_moreRewind)) {
            _customWarpAdjustment += 1;
          }
          if (Input.GetKeyDown(_lessRewind)) {
            _customWarpAdjustment -= 1;
          }
        }
      }
    }

    protected void LateUpdate() {
      if (_forceCustomUpdate) {
        ManuallyUpdateTemporalWarping();
      } else if (UnityEngine.XR.XRSettings.enabled) {
        updateTemporalWarping(UnityEngine.XR.InputTracking.GetLocalPosition(UnityEngine.XR.XRNode.CenterEye),
                              UnityEngine.XR.InputTracking.GetLocalRotation(UnityEngine.XR.XRNode.CenterEye));
      }
    }

    private void onValidCameraParams(LeapVRCameraControl.CameraParams cameraParams) {
      _projectionMatrix = cameraParams.ProjectionMatrix;

      if (UnityEngine.XR.XRSettings.enabled) {
        if (provider != null) {
          updateHistory(UnityEngine.XR.InputTracking.GetLocalPosition(UnityEngine.XR.XRNode.CenterEye),
                        UnityEngine.XR.InputTracking.GetLocalRotation(UnityEngine.XR.XRNode.CenterEye));
        }

        if (_syncMode == SyncMode.LOW_LATENCY) {
          updateTemporalWarping(UnityEngine.XR.InputTracking.GetLocalPosition(UnityEngine.XR.XRNode.CenterEye),
                                UnityEngine.XR.InputTracking.GetLocalRotation(UnityEngine.XR.XRNode.CenterEye));
        }
      }
    }

    #endregion

    #region Temporal Warping

    private LeapDeviceInfo _deviceInfo;
    private Matrix4x4 _projectionMatrix;
    private List<TransformData> _history = new List<TransformData>();

    private void updateHistory(Vector3 currLocalPosition, Quaternion currLocalRotation) {
      long leapNow = provider.GetLeapController().Now();
      _history.Add(new TransformData() {
        leapTime = leapNow,
        localPosition = currLocalPosition,
        localRotation = currLocalRotation
      });

      // Reduce history length
      while (_history.Count > 0 &&
             MAX_LATENCY < leapNow - _history[0].leapTime) {
        _history.RemoveAt(0);
      }
    }

    private void updateTemporalWarping(Vector3 currLocalPosition, Quaternion currLocalRotation) {
      if (_trackingAnchor == null || provider.GetLeapController() == null) {
        return;
      }

      Vector3 currCenterPos = _trackingAnchor.TransformPoint(currLocalPosition);
      Quaternion currCenterRot = _trackingAnchor.rotation * currLocalRotation;

      //Get the transform at the time when the latest frame was captured
      long rewindTime = provider.CurrentFrame.Timestamp - warpingAdjustment * 1000;
      long imageRewindTime = provider.imageTimeStamp - warpingAdjustment * 1000;

      TransformData imagePast = transformAtTime(imageRewindTime);
      Quaternion imagePastCenterRot = _trackingAnchor.rotation * imagePast.localRotation;

      //Apply only a rotation ~ assume all objects are infinitely distant
      Quaternion imageReferenceRotation = Quaternion.Slerp(currCenterRot, imagePastCenterRot, _tweenImageWarping);

      Quaternion imageQuatWarp = Quaternion.Inverse(currCenterRot) * imageReferenceRotation;
      imageQuatWarp = Quaternion.Euler(imageQuatWarp.eulerAngles.x, imageQuatWarp.eulerAngles.y, -imageQuatWarp.eulerAngles.z);
      Matrix4x4 imageMatWarp = _projectionMatrix * Matrix4x4.TRS(Vector3.zero, imageQuatWarp, Vector3.one) * _projectionMatrix.inverse;

      Shader.SetGlobalMatrix("_LeapGlobalWarpedOffset", imageMatWarp);

      TransformData past = transformAtTime(rewindTime);
      Vector3 pastCenterPos = _trackingAnchor.TransformPoint(past.localPosition);
      Quaternion pastCenterRot = _trackingAnchor.rotation * past.localRotation;

      transform.position = Vector3.Lerp(currCenterPos, pastCenterPos, _tweenPositionalWarping);
      transform.rotation = Quaternion.Slerp(currCenterRot, pastCenterRot, _tweenRotationalWarping);

      transform.position += transform.forward * deviceOffsetZAxis;
    }

    /* Returns the VR Center Eye Transform information interpolated to the given leap timestamp.  If the desired
     * timestamp is outside of the recorded range, interpolation will fail and the returned transform will not
     * have the desired time.
     */
    private TransformData transformAtTime(long time) {
      if (_history.Count == 0) {
        return new TransformData() {
          leapTime = 0,
          localPosition = Vector3.zero,
          localRotation = Quaternion.identity
        };
      }

      if (_history[0].leapTime >= time) {
        // Expect this when using LOW LATENCY image retrieval, which can yield negative latency estimates due to incorrect clock synchronization
        return _history[0];
      }

      int t = 1;
      while (t < _history.Count &&
             _history[t].leapTime <= time) {
        t++;
      }

      if (!(t < _history.Count)) {
        // Expect this for initial frames which will have a very low frame rate
        return _history[_history.Count - 1];
      }

      return TransformData.Lerp(_history[t - 1], _history[t], time);
    }

    #endregion

    #region Support

    public enum WarpedAnchor {
      CENTER,
      LEFT,
      RIGHT,
    }

    public enum SyncMode {
      /* SyncWithImages causes both Images and the Transform to be updated at the same time during LateUpdate.  This causes
       * the images to line up properly, but the images will lag behind the virtual world, causing drift. */
      SYNC_WITH_IMAGES,
      /* LowLatency causes the Images to be warped directly prior to rendering, causing them to line up better with virtual
       * objects.  Since transforms cannot be modified at this point in the update step, the Transform will still be updated
       * during LateUpdate, causing a misalignment between images and leap space. */
      LOW_LATENCY
    }

    protected struct TransformData {
      public long leapTime; // microseconds
      public Vector3 localPosition; //meters
      public Quaternion localRotation; //magic

      public static TransformData Lerp(TransformData from, TransformData to, long time) {
        if (from.leapTime == to.leapTime) {
          return from;
        }
        float fraction = (float)(time - from.leapTime) / (float)(to.leapTime - from.leapTime);
        return new TransformData() {
          leapTime = time,
          localPosition = Vector3.Lerp(from.localPosition, to.localPosition, fraction),
          localRotation = Quaternion.Slerp(from.localRotation, to.localRotation, fraction)
        };
      }
    }

    #endregion

  }

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
\section{White Paper Information}
\begin{enumerate}
    \item {\bf Contact information:} Knut Olsen, kolsen@noao.edu;
    \item {\bf Science Category:} All.
    \item {\bf Survey Type Category:} Wide-Fast-Deep, Mini survey
    \item {\bf Observing Strategy Category:} an integrated program with science that hinges on the combination of pointing and detailed
	observing strategy
\end{enumerate}

\clearpage

\section{Scientific Motivation\label{sec:motivation}}

The current baseline LSST survey (e.g. \ttt{baseline2018a}) defines the main WFD area as the 18,000 deg$^2$ between $-62\degree<{\rm Dec}<+2\degree$, but avoiding the inner Galactic plane.  The baseline plan also includes $\sim$8,000 deg$^2$ designated as candidate "mini-survey areas with significantly reduced coverage, typically $\sim170$ (SCP/GP) to $\sim250$ (NES) visits per field in current simulations.
There are several clear opportunities for further scientific optimization of this plan, \humna{addressing concerns} such as:
\\
$\bullet$ The WFD area encompasses the Galactic Plane in the direction of the anticenter, where extinction by dust is higher than desired for extragalactic science cases.\\
$\bullet$ The region with $\rm{Dec}<-62\degree$, where the Magellanic Clouds and their satellite system reside, and where we expect significant structure in the Galactic halo, has no guaranteed coverage.\\
$\bullet$ Only 50\% of the Ecliptic Plane, where the large majority of Solar System objects reside, is covered by WFD, with the northern half designated a candidate mini-survey.\\
$\bullet$ While the WFD area includes the outer Galactic Plane, the inner Plane, which contains the vast majority of Galactic variable sources and is of high importance to the SMWLV Collaboration, would receive a limited number of visits.

These concerns can be summarized as \phil{that the baseline cadence has}  \textbf{1) a WFD footprint that needs to be better catered to the areas of highest interest, and 2) areas designated as candidate mini-surveys that receive insufficient visits for the target science.}
\phil{This summary points us to a starting point for a solution: {\it get more visits}. A simple way to achieve this is by dropping the requirement that we take two ``snap'' exposures per visit, and instead take just one exposure of around 30 seconds duration.}

\phil{Then, we note that} a fundamental issue is that the survey must make tradeoffs between area, depth, and temporal coverage, while the scientific interests of the LSST community desire to maximize all three.  For simplicity, we explored trades \phil{between} the area of the LSST survey vs.\ the number of 30\humna{s}
visits per field (and hence its depth), leaving aside the question of the temporal cadence. We have developed a simple \ttt{Python} tool,
\ttt{LynneSim}\phil{, to help evaluate the potential for these trades.
This tool, available for all to use in  \href{https://github.com/LSSTScienceCollaborations/survey_strategy_wp}{the LSST Science Collaborations' fork of the survey strategy white paper repository},  is illustrated in example \ttt{Jupyter} notebooks  \href{http://ls.st/acl}{here} and \href{http://ls.st/tx3}{here},
and is \href{http://ls.st/o9s}{scriptable}.}

In order to test different cases, we estimate the total number of visits available. \textit{Assuming that the survey strategy drops snaps in favor of single \eric{exposures per visit}}, we have a total of $\sim$ 2.6M visits available over the lifetime of LSST. We use 90\% of these visits for our analysis, leaving 10\% for other mini-surveys that we do not consider here

As a simple starting point, and a way to demonstrate our tool, we consider a survey that covers the entire sky visible from Cerro Pach\'{o}n, $-90\degree<\rm{Dec}<+32\degree$, $\sim3\pi$ steradians, which we call \humna{the} \textit{Big Sky}.  There is strong motivation for covering an area of this size: 1) it would maximize the use of cosmological probes for Dark Energy (see \humna{Lochner at al.,} the LSST DESC WFD \phil{cadence white paper}); 2) structures in the Milky Way halo and disk are large on the sky and highly non-uniform, hence the discovery potential increases proportional to survey area; 3) the area would include the full Ecliptic Plane and would maximize the ability to find new planets/minor planets in our Solar System; 4) we would \phil{maximize} overlap with northern photometric and spectroscopic surveys (see Bolton et al., ``Maximizing the Joint Science Return of LSST and DESI"), which would
\eric{improve}
the \phil{calibration} of photometric redshifts and assign
velocities to halo structures found in the region; and 5) we would increase the ability to follow up transients and variables with \humna{spectroscopic facilities}
in the northern hemisphere, where most of these resources are located.

Given full-sky coverage, the simplest approach
\eric{is to distribute}
LSST visits uniformly.
We find that over a ten-year survey, assigning equal coverage to the full visible sky far exceeds the \href{https://docushare.lsstcorp.org/docushare/dsweb/Get/LPM-17}{LSST SRD} stretch goal of 20,000 $\deg^2$ for WFD, but reaches only 2/3 of the design goal of 825 median visits per field in the WFD, not enough to put the ``D'' in WFD.
\eric{Hence we must}
distribute the visits non-uniformly in order to satisfy the LSST \phil{science} requirements.

\textbf{Our proposed solution is to \phil{instead} define WFD by avoiding the Galactic plane ($|b|>15\degree$) while extending symmetrically north and south far enough to meet the LSST SRD requirement of 18,000 $\deg^2$, which results in a WFD footprint that covers $-72.25\degree<\rm{Dec}<+12.4\degree$ (see \autoref{fig:coverage}).  We assign 825 visits per field to WFD, meeting the LSST SRD requirement of 825 median visits per field, and distribute the remaining visits to the non-WFD Big Sky fields.
These non-WFD fields then receive $\sim250$ visits each, or 30\% of the WFD visits, which is larger than the current baseline strategy for most parts of the sky.}

\noindent This solution has many benefits, including:\\

 $\bullet$ Avoidance of high extinction regions in WFD for extragalactic science; see \autoref{fig:ebv}.\\
$\bullet$ Larger area in WFD for the discovery of Milky Way structure and faint dwarf galaxies away from the Galactic Plane.\\
$\bullet$ Larger coverage of the Ecliptic Plane in WFD, increasing the discovery potential of Solar System objects.\\
$\bullet$ Inclusion of LMC and extended periphery in WFD, increasing the potential for discovery of its tidal debris and satellite system.\\
$\bullet$ Increased overlap with DESI and northern facilities for spectroscopic and photometric followup of LSST targets.

We note that this solution is proposed only for the 90\% time used for the main survey; 10\% time remains left over for Deep Drilling and mini-surveys.  By increasing the average number of visits in non-WFD areas it also increases the flexibility for mini-surveys.
Greater coverage of e.g.\ the Galactic Plane could be accomplished by using a portion of the 10\% time not assigned to the main survey, or by trading visits from one part of the non-WFD sky to another.
As such,
this white paper
\eric{suggests}
the basis for \phil{an initial} compromise solution to several of the concerns with the baseline cadence. \phil{Further iterations could be made to refine this solution,
using the simple, fast simulation tool that we have provided.}

\clearpage
\vspace*{2em}
\begin{figure}[!h]
\hspace*{1.8em}
\begin{minipage}{0.45\paperwidth}
	\includegraphics[trim={105 105 105 105}, clip=false, width=0.27\paperwidth]
	{DESI_vs_bigwfd_vs_bignonwfd_nside256_matplotlib.png}
\end{minipage}\
\hspace*{-2em}
\begin{minipage}{0.45\paperwidth}
	\includegraphics[trim={105 105 105 105}, clip=false, width=0.27\paperwidth]
	{DESI_vs_baseline2018a_wfd_nonwfd_nside256_matplotlib.png}
\end{minipage}\
\vspace*{4em}
\caption{\humna{
    \textit{Left:} Our proposed Big Sky footprint: yellow fields denote our \phil{recommended} expanded WFD footprint while the purple fields represent the mini-surveys in the extended footprint.
    \textit{Right:} Footprint from \ttt{baseline2018a} for WFD (blue) and all the mini-surveys aside from the DDFs (coral red). Both plots show overlap the DESI footprint (aqua green), demonstrating that our Big Sky footprint significantly increases the overlap with DESI (5912 deg$^2$ for WFD and 4538 deg$^2$ for non-WFD) vs. \ttt{baseline2018a} (3739 deg$^2$ for WFD and 2233 deg$^2$ for non-WFD).
        }
    }
    \label{fig:coverage}
\end{figure}

\begin{figure}[!h]
    \centering
    \includegraphics[width=0.6\columnwidth, trim={0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm}, clip]{bigwfd_vs_baseline2018a_ebv_histogram.png}
  \caption{\humna{
    MW extinction distribution, E(B-V), for our proposed Big Sky WFD (green) and non-WFD (red) vs. \ttt{baseline2018a} WFD (blue) and non-WFD (orange). We see that the proposed WFD effectively excludes some regions of very high extinction. The extinction is derived from SFD maps \citep{sfd98} using \ttt{MAF} \citep{jones+14}.
    }
    }
    \label{fig:ebv}
\end{figure}

\clearpage
\section{Technical Description}

\subsection{High-level description\label{sec:high-level}}
We propose that the LSST survey consider a \textit{Big Sky} footprint that covers the full range of declinations visible from Cerro Pach\'{o}n, $-90\degree<\rm{Dec}<+32\degree$, which covers $\sim$ 30,000 $\deg^2$ in total.  We further propose that WFD be considered as the 18,000 $\deg^2$ with $|b|>15\degree$ (where $b$ is the Galactic latitude) and $-72.25\degree<\rm{Dec}<+12.4\degree$.  With no snaps and 30s exposure per visit, we adopt the constraint from \ttt{OpSim} that a 10-year survey will allow for 2.6M visits in total.  We assume that 90\% of these visits (2.34M) are available for WFD and mini-surveys (not including the DDF mini-survey).  We assign 825 visits to each WFD field, meeting the design goal defined in the LSST SRD trivially, and the remaining visits to the non-WFD fields in our Big Sky area. In the most basic plan, we distribute the remaining visits evenly over the non-WFD parts of the sky, yielding $\sim$ 250 visits per each non-WFD field.  The distribution of visits in the mini-surveys could further be optimized by fine-tuning the distribution of visits among non-WFD fields to cater to the science goals; there also remains, of course, 10\% time left to be used for Deep Drilling and mini-surveys. Note that this proposal does not address the {\it cadence} of either the WFD or the non-WFD areas, \phil{only the sky coverage and \humna{the} eventual 10-year depth.}

\vspace{.3in}

\subsection{Footprint -- pointings, regions and/or constraints}

Our requested footprint is depicted in \autoref{fig:coverage} \humna{(left panel)}, showing the Big Sky area that is covered by 4066 LSST fields. 2290 fields are assigned to WF
, reconfiguring the WFD footprint away from the Galactic Plane, where stellar extinction and crowding is high.

1776 fields
are assigned to what we call the `extended footprint' mini-survey, with 254 visits per field over a 10-year period. These 1776 fields are concentrated in the Galactic Plane, Southern Celestial Pole, and northward of $\rm{Dec} = +12.4\degree$. In our proposed scenario, LSST would observe fields as far north as $\rm{Dec} = +32\degree$, the northernmost limit of the telescope. The number of filters and distribution of visits for the fields within the extended footprint is flexible and could be tailored to the science goals driving those extensions (e.g., Northern Ecliptic Spur, overlap with Euclid and DESI, microlensing).

\subsection{Image quality}
There are no special requirements for image quality.

\subsection{Individual image depth and/or sky brightness}
Ideally, the individual image depth would not vary significantly with declination beyond what is unavoidable due to seeing/airmass changes. \phil{With this uniform approach,} discovery and detection of moving objects with the same completeness level \phil{would be enabled} at any point within the WFD footprint and the extended footprint.
Visits should be scheduled for optimal conditions per filter, as is currently done in the standard survey strategy.

\subsection{Co-added image depth and/or total number of visits}
There are no special requirements for co-added image depth.
\subsection{Number of visits within a night}
To satisfy core Solar System science goals to identify moving objects in the WFD and
NES region\humna{s}, we request (at least) two visits per night, separated by $\sim$~15-90 minutes. This requirement is driven by the LSST Moving Object Pipeline System (MOPS) requirements, defined in LSE-30\footnote{\url{http://ls.st/LSE-30}} and  LDM-156\footnote{\url{http://ls.st/LDM-156}}.

\subsection{Distribution of visits over time}
The distribution of visits over time should permit linking of moving objects via MOPS, but there are no other strong specifications for the distribution of visits over time. For MOPS to be efficient at detecting moving Solar System objects, three tracklets (a pair of images  in the same night, acquired no more than 90 minutes apart) acquired within 15 days are needed \citep[see LSE-30,  LDM-156, and][for further details]{2018Icar..303..181J}.
A highlight of our proposed solution is that it will allow catering the distribution of visits in WFD vs. non-WFD regions to the guiding science goals\phil{; we refer the reader to the many other cadence white papers for details}.

\subsection{Filter choice}
The portion of the non-WFD footprint corresponding to the area currently covered by the NES mini-survey does not need  $u$, $y$, or $i$, band coverage as described in the NES Solar System Mini survey white paper
\humna{(Schwamb et al.).} Potential trades on filter selection for the non-WFD footprint NES region to accommodate tensions with other requested cadences are described in Schwamb et al. All other areas of the WFD-footprint and the extended footprint would receive coverage in all LSST filters.

\subsection{Exposure constraints}

Our proposed scenario to accommodate a wide variety of key science cases with a modified WFD footprint and extended footprint will $only$ be successful with one snap per visit. With two snaps per visit for {\it all} exposures, the loss in observing efficiency is large enough to reduce the number of visits allocated to the non-WFD footprint to 152, which is less than currently allocated to any mini-survey.

\subsection{Other constraints}
None.

\subsection{Estimated time requirement}
As discussed in \autoref{sec:high-level}, we are
proposing \eric{a configuration for}
90\% of the total visits available after dropping snaps. Since our proposal reconfigures the WFD and various mini-surveys (not including the DDFs), we are actually reconfiguring $\sim$ 95\% of the
\eric{baseline}
survey time.
\eric{One} difference is that the WFD area is capped at 825 visits per field, while the equivalent current simulation \humna{(\ttt{kraken\_2014})}
without snaps averages 999 visits per field in the WFD. More details on the approximate total time requested
can be found using the guidelines in \href{https://github.com/lsst-pst/survey_strategy_wp}{our \ttt{GitHub} repo}.

In general, we have not detailed the impact of timing constraints beyond requiring the number of visits to be sufficient for MOPS; the impact on the time required can better addressed in a full \ttt{OpSim} run.  An overview of MOPS requirements can be found in \humna{LSE-30,  LDM-156, and \citet{2018Icar..303..181J}.

\begin{table}[ht]
    \centering
    \begin{tabular}{l|l|l|l}
        \toprule
        Properties & Importance \hspace{.3in} \\
        \midrule
        Image quality                         &  2  \\
        Sky brightness                        &  3  \\
        Individual image depth                &  1  \\
        Co-added image depth                  &  1  \\
        Number of exposures in a visit        &  1 \\
        Number of visits (in a night)         &  2  \\
        Total number of visits                &  1 \\
        Time between visits (in a night)      &  1  \\
        Time between visits (between nights)  &   1 \\
        Long-term gaps between visits         &   2  \\
        Other (please add other constraints as needed) & \\
        \bottomrule
    \end{tabular}
     \caption{{\bf Constraint Rankings:} Summary of the relative importance of various survey strategy constraints, ranked from 1=very important, 2=somewhat important, 3=not important. \phil{In our proposed strategy, the only important consideration is the total number of visits, which we seek to increase so as to serve as many science communities as possible; the number of exposures in a visit is hence also important, as we describe in the text.}}
        \label{tab:obs_constraints}
\end{table}

\subsection{Technical trades}
\begin{enumerate}

    \item We have evaluated trade-offs between survey footprint area and the number of visits per field as part of developing our tool, and have settled on a simple combination of an optimized footprint and the number of visits that meets various requirements. Please see more in \autoref{sec:motivation} and \autoref{sec:high-level}.

    \item The minimal frequency of observations should be such to enable minor planet discovery with 95$\%$ confidence (see LSE-30 and  LDM-156).

    \item Increasing the exposure time (and reducing the number of visits) would impact the number of visits available and the number allocated to the WFD. Given that the (median) number of WFD visits is set at the design goal, our suggested survey strategy is sensitive to these trades but has some wiggle room.

    \item Real-time exposure time optimization could be beneficial for maintaining individual image depth across the footprint as long as it does not significantly impact the total number of observations.

    \item Our proposal assigns nearly the minimum number of visits for both regions of the footprint (WFD and non-WFD). Reducing the number of visits significantly is likely to make this `compromise' solution less optimal. For example, the NES white paper (Schwamb et al.) requests about 255 visits per field, an optimized number that allows for the discovery, linkage, and monitoring of moving objects ranging from asteroids  to the  distant Outer Solar System bodies. Reducing the number of visits available in the non-WFD footprint below 255 will be problematic for the NES.
\end{enumerate}

\clearpage
\section{Performance Evaluation}

For the specifications of our proposal, the main metric is:
\begin{itemize}
    \item The total number of visits per field in the WFD and non-WFD areas.
\end{itemize}
Our proposed footprint can further be optimized by considering the following metrics:
\begin{itemize}
    \item

    \eric{To evaluate the performance of our proposed strategy for dark energy science, we refer to the DESC WFD white paper \humna{(Lochner at al.) where the
    authors identify a number of proxy metrics that are expected to correlate with their ultimate goal of maximizing the Dark Energy Task Force figure of merit (FoM).  These include 1) a Static Science Statistical FoM, which is emulated based on a WFD survey's area and depth, 2) the average number of $i$-band visits, which reduces weak lensing systematics from PSF modeling, 3) the number of well-measured Type Ia supernovae obtained by excluding those at redshifts too high to offer acceptable data quality, 4) the number of strongly lensed Type Ia supernovae, and 5) the number of kilonovae detected.  }

    \item Metrics in the NES white paper (Schwamb et al.) are described in detail for evaluating the performance of WFD + Big Sky extension in the NES. Solar System Object Differential Completeness Goals for evaluating the performance of our proposed WFD footprint are detailed in the Community Observing Strategy Evaluation Paper. \citep[COSEP;][]{2017arXiv170804058L}. Figure~\ref{fig:solarsystem} shows an example of how this proposed footprint improves the discovery chance of Solar System objects. A special minor planet population called Neptune Trojans -- the asteroids \humna{that} co-orbit with  Neptune around its L4 and L5 Lagrangian points -- \humna{has}
    wide and non-uniform on-sky distribution (Figure~\ref{fig:solarsystem}, left panel). Our proposed footprint greatly increase the discovery chances of the inclination $< 20^\circ$ L4 Trojans from 0 to several (Figure~\ref{fig:solarsystem}, right panel).
    \item Metrics in the Magellanic Clouds white paper (Olsen et al.) are described for evaluating the performance of Big Sky for mapping the structure of the Magellanic Clouds and their periphery, for identifying their dwarf satellite system, and for surveying their variable star and transient populations.  They fundamentally depend on the number of visits spent on the area south of Dec $\sim-60$.
    \item \humna{WFD and non-WFD area overlap with northern surveys. Since northern hemisphere facilities are generally found at latitudes between +20\degree and +35\degree, we can quantify the area overlap with these facilities by calculating the area overlap for Dec $>$ -20\degree. We find that our proposed WFD footprint will then see an overlap of 9277 deg$^2$ vs. \ttt{baseline2018a} overlap of 7789 deg$^2$, while our Big Sky non-WFD will see an overlap of 9078 deg$^2$ vs. \ttt{baseline2018a} overlap of 4870 deg$^2$. These numbers change to 8396 deg$^2$ vs. 6265 deg$^2$ for WFD and 5772 deg$^2$ vs 2744 deg$^2$ for non-WFD, if we only consider overlap in the regions with MW extinction $<$ 0.2 which is necessary for extragalactic science.
    }

    \item For the evaluation of Big Sky for MW halo streams and dwarf companions, a metric is the number of such objects that can be discovered.  The number is proportional to area, and depends on depth through the stellar luminosity function for the streams and dwarfs, the foreground contamination, the background galaxy contamination, and the integrated luminosity function of the streams and dwarfs.  One could also account for the ability to use proper motions to remove contamination.  While a quantitative metric needs further work, the comparison of the roughly equal number of dwarf satellites by SDSS (14,000 $\deg^2$) and DES (5,000 $\deg^2$) gives us an empirical measure with which to calibrate the metric.  \cite{Newton2018} find that LSST WFD should detect $\sim$100 Milky Way dwarfs.  Given the difficulty of finding dwarfs behind the Milky Way plane, this number would likely be reduced by $\sim25\%$ in the \ttt{baseline2018a} footprint compared to Big Sky.
    \item For the scientific value of the overlap of LSST with DESI, metrics are described in detail in Bolton et al.\ (``Maximizing the Joint Science Return of LSST and DESI").
\end{itemize}

\begin{figure}[!h]
    \centering
    \includegraphics[width=1\columnwidth, trim={0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm}, clip]{solarsystem_nt.pdf}
    \caption{\textit{Left:} The on-sky positions of Neptune Trojans in 2022. \textit{Right:} The metric
    \ttt{Discovery\_N\_Chances}
    (\humna{which measures the} number of discovery opportunities of a particular object) as a function of orbital elements ``inclination'' (inc) and ``mean longitudes'' (Lambda). The \ttt{Opsim} run \humna{\ttt{astro-lsst-01\_2039}}
    simulated the survey without Dec $> 0^\circ$ pointings, and \humna{\ttt{kraken\_2026}}
    is the analog of our proposed survey with Dec $> 0^\circ$ coverage.}
    \label{fig:solarsystem}
\end{figure}

\section{Special Data Processing}

The standard LSST data management pipelines will be able to process the observations taken in our proposed WFD and extended Big Sky footprint. The majority of science cases driving our proposed changes will use the LSST data management pipelines as described in the LSST science book \citep{2009arXiv0912.0201L}. We will essentially \eric{mirror special data processing requests submitted by other}
white papers, including the NES white paper (Schwamb et al.) and the DESC WFD \humna{cadence} white paper (Lochner et al.).

\section{Acknowledgements}
 The authors thank and acknowledge the organizers of the  LSST Cadence Hackathon at the Flatiron Institute where the concept for this white paper was created. We also thank LSST Corporation and the Simons Foundation for their support.

\bibliographystyle{aasjournal}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


Iron Studios present the latest from the Battle Diorama Series Art Scale 1:10 line - Captain Marvel! Based on the likeness of Brie Larson from the film, Captain Marvel comes with a fully detailed base as well as an alternate head with a helmet.
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text:
The Scoring Stats
THE stats over Argyle's last five games tell the story: three goals conceded; two scored; five points gained from a possible 15.
"We're certainly competitive and the games have been very, very close," said coach Gary Owers. "We just need someone to score a goal for us."
Saturday's defeat in a close encounter at Northampton was the Pilgrims' second successive 1-0 loss, and the fourth game out of five in which they have failed to find the target.
"The onus is on everybody in the team to try to score a goal," said Gary.
"If you look at Saturday's game, a couple of centre-halves had opportunities; the lads in the middle of the park were getting into the box a little bit more.
"It's something we have got to solve very, very quickly. If we are not going to score a goal, we are never going to win any games between now and the end of the season.
"In the first half [at Northampton], I thought we were very positive and we took the game to them. You have got to try to score when you are on top of games and obviously that's a problem for us at the moment.
"In the second half, we never quite got to the levels of the first half, but we were still in the game. The goal changed the course of the game – they got stronger and we sort of fell away a little bit."
For the first time since John Sheridan took over as manager seven weeks ago, Nick Chadwick is available for selection following a six-match suspension.
As a forward – one who scored a vital winner at Wimbledon last year – he gives John another attacking option.
Gary said: "He's worked very hard during his suspension; kept his head down, which was the right thing to do in the circumstances.
"It gives an extra body up front to consider, so he'll come into the squad and I would think he'll figure somewhere in John's thinking."

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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text:
Chase Elliott announces recipients of $100K bounty money
By Daniel McFadinJun 5, 2020, 11:34 AM EDT
Almost two weeks after he beat Kyle Busch in the Gander RV & Outdoors Truck Series race at Charlotte, Chase Elliott has announced which charities he'll donate his $100,000 bounty reward to.
In two tweets Friday morning, Elliott said he'll be giving the money – put up by Kevin Harvick and Gander RV & Outdoors CEO Marcus Lemonis – to three different groups.
The $50,000 from Harvick will go to Feed the Children's COVID-19 response.
The $50,000 from Lemonis will go to the Red Cross and Kyle Busch's foundation.
"Y'all should definitely recognize this wouldn't have happened or been any fun without (Kevin Harvick) tweeting what he did," Elliott said in one of the tweets. "So thanks to him for making it all happen and Marcus for adding to the fun."
While the bounty challenge is over, Elliott's not done in the Truck Series. He's entered in Saturday's race at Atlanta Motor Speedway (1 p.m. ET on FS1) in GMS Racing's No. 24 Chevrolet.
The bounty reward isn't the only charitable event Elliott is part of.
For the fourth consecutive year Elliott and Hendrick Motorsports are taking part in the "DESI9N TO DRIVE" art design collaboration with Children's Healthcare of Atlanta (Children's), the largest healthcare provider for children in Georgia.
It involves an auction of signed racing shoes from all four of Hendrick's drivers. The shoes were designed by patients at Children's who submitted color sketches of racing shoes depicting their "big dreams." Four drawings were selected, replicated on Alpinestars racing shoes to be worn by the drivers during Sunday's race at Atlanta Motor Speedway (3 p.m. ET on Fox).
The auction will end at 9 p.m. ET June 14. Proceeds go to the Chase Elliott Foundation to benefit the summer camp program that Children's runs for its large patient network and the Children's Covid-19 fund that helps provide needed support, supplies and equipment for their most fragile patients and frontline employees.
MORE: Chase Elliott on pole for Cup Series race at Atlanta
Y'all should definitely recognize this wouldn't have happened or been any fun without KH tweeting what he did… so thanks to him for making it all happen and Marcus for adding to the fun. Looking forward to the truck race again tomorrow in the @Hooters truck!
— Chase Elliott (@chaseelliott) June 5, 2020
That's really a great gesture @chaseelliott as @samanthabusch and I greatly appreciate what kind of help that will bring to the @bundleofjoyfund. Thank you for pushing to make that happen! Well done 🏁 https://t.co/mLMhuxnjsa
— Kyle Busch (@KyleBusch) June 5, 2020


text:
Canada's Alberta should strengthen environmental rules: leader
CALGARY (Reuters) - The Canadian oil-producing province of Alberta wants to strengthen its environmental regulations and bend the curve on its rapidly-rising greenhouse gas emissions, Premier Rachel Notley said in a radio interview broadcast on Tuesday.
Alberta Premier Rachel Notley tries on her new Smithbilt cowboy hat after being white hatted at her premier's pancake breakfast during the Calgary Stampede in Calgary, Alberta, July 6, 2015. REUTERS/Todd Korol
Notley said her government is proceeding with promises to review royalty rates paid by the oil and gas industry and improve its climate change policies. Her left-leaning New Democrats were elected in May, ending 44 years of Conservative rule in the western Canadian province.
Alberta's oil sands, vast deposits of tar-like bitumen, are the world's third-largest crude reserves, but also carry some of the highest costs globally because of the scale of projects and energy-intensive production methods.
The federal environment department has estimated that the oil sands industry is Canada's fastest growing source of heat-trapping greenhouse gas emissions, making it difficult for the country to meet Canadian Prime Minister Stephen Harper's international climate change commitments.
Notley told CBC radio that Alberta's industry was suffering globally in part because people did not believe it was adequately protecting the environment. Her government, which raised the cost of greenhouse gas emissions for large industrial plants in June, is now waiting for an expert panel to advise it on a comprehensive climate change strategy.
She said the end result would likely be somewhere between the demands of industry and environmentalists.
"Are we going to immediately get to the same standards that everyone else is at? Probably not," she told the CBC. "But what we need to do is put together a credible, science-based plan that will sustain the review of experts, that bends the curve and sets Alberta on the right path."
She said her government recognized it should not "pile on" with changes when oil and gas companies are struggling due to the plunge in global crude prices that have prompted thousands of layoffs.
But she said the NDP was less dependent on the industry for political support than the Conservatives were, and her government intended to ensure that Albertans are getting their fair share of resources at the end of a royalty payments review, expected to conclude in December.
Notley's government has also pledged to phase out coal-fired electricity generation, and has said it would introduce new plans to promote energy efficiency and more renewable energy.
Reporting By Mike De Souza; Editing by David Gregorio


text:
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Welcome to the new 'you', the place you call 'home' and an ever-growing conspiracy of silence. Shhhh. Don't tell anyone because if anyone ever found out anything at all, well then it would be curtains for the show. Please, go about your business as usual checking to make sure that your daddy is right there just over your shoulders. No, not that shoulder, the other one. Sleeping babes in toyland upon waking find comfort in food, fun and interacting with the spacial environment. Nothing like a little bumping into things here and there just for the fun of it. But you had better be 'good' or else the tooth fairy will come stealthily in the night and rip your heart out. Yeah, the smile and the smoking gun make good bedfellows - especially amidst all this gender confusion and moral ineptitude.
Happiness is different for everyone. Some like it hot, some like it cold but all like it one way or another just as long as it gets delivered right to our door, preferably without having to sign for it because if we're not at home it ain't gonna get there. And even if we're at home god forbid that we would miss the door bell. Oh well, just another day in paradise. For some, happiness is filling out the 'correct' paperwork so that our Masters will leave us alone. For others it's work, work, working at the slave factory until we retire and thereupon give up the ghost solely because our Master has let us 'go'. For others still there is the privilege of giving birth to another slave for the system ensuring that we were never wrong to begin with by dancing with the devil.
You've heard about 'cosmic waves' haven't you? You know the one, about mysterious waves of energy emanating from god knows where but arriving none-the-less and making all sorts of commotion, stimulating 'change'. Cool! Well. I'm here to tell you that as much as the New Agers want, better yet, yearn for whatever it is that is dancing in their 'fashion sense' heads this has nothing at all to do with one's own little corner of the universe. And that 'ascension' thing just has to go, I mean where does this fairyland tale come from anyway, and no matter the level of current cgi 'sophistication' the painted picture is still just the same old pair of rose-colored glasses so delightfully perched upon the nose of willful imagination.
The ghost of Christmas past. Or is it the ghost of a Christmas that is yet to be. I know for certain that present time is excluded but from that vantage point, oh what a view! I'm not usually physically conscious when the sun comes up but if you've ever seen the light with which to start a new momentous day then this is it. Please, take a moment to read and contemplate the perspective which lies just behind the words which are used to describe the entryway. It's one of those things that can't be said but can be pointed to and Virginia McClaughry certainly has done that for you, with great care and gentleness. I really hope that readers are able to see on through past their own convictions in order to comprehend and understand what is being said. It would make a world of difference. And in this world of constant difference, of toil, turmoil and struggle, the light of a new day is something I would very much enjoy happening. Go ahead, make my day.
This is a little note to explain something about the style of writing that I do. I do not follow rules of the so-called road preferring instead to use them as a basis of understanding in order to move past conviction, convention and any other 'con' in current use or fashion today. If you can imagine that 7th grade English teacher wielding the ruler of use, all prim and proper like, then you can also imagine the rogue whose aberrant behavior creates enough discomfort to curdle milk and so should be avoided at all costs. Programming is like that, stimulus response to predicable events. That is not why you are here.
Once upon a time I was alive but then I died right away. I could not bear the stupidity of make-believe aka 'life'. It's been said that life is what you make it but try doing that with the enemy breathing down your throat. Of course the 'enemy' is only yourself looking back at you in the mirror of Life and Living but what does that have to do with anything, right? I should digress at this point to fill in the blanks but that time has come, gone and displaced it's self in the deep end of the gene pool spreading like yesterday's foul-smelling garbage bag which has unceremoniously dumped itself all over… everything! Wouldn't want the neighbors to see that now would we.
If you don't see me does that mean that I am not here? If I diminish my presence does that me that I am nothing but a lowly cur suitable for treatment fit for such? What if I regale my position of poor standing from the highest mountain tops, will that be suitable enough for reality to become manifest? Oh, I know. Becoming human should be enough, right? That ought to do the 'trick'.


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Q: Evaluate the integral 5 Evaluate the integral $ \iiint_{R} \frac{dxdydz}{\sqrt{(x-a)^{2}+y^{2}+z^{2}}} $ over the solid sphere $ 0 \leq x^{2}+y^{2}+z^{2} \leq 1 \ $   for  a>1 . $$ $$ I know that the required  integral is  $ \int_{-1}^{1} \int_{- \sqrt{1^{2}-x^{2}}}^{\sqrt{1^{2}-x^{2}}} \int_{-\sqrt{1^{2}-x^{2}-y^{2}}}^{\sqrt{1^{2}-x^{2}-y^{2}}}f(x,y,z) dxdydz $ . But I can't evaluate it , say using polar coerdinate. Please someone help me.

A: I hope you don't mind if I change your integral to
$$ \iiint_R \frac{dx dy dz}{\sqrt{x^2 + y^2 + (z - a)^2}}. $$
So the denominator is the distance from $(x,y,z)$ to $(0,0,a)$.
Now use spherical polar coordinates $(r, \theta, \phi)$. If you draw a diagram, then hopefully you can see that the distance from $(x,y,z)$ to $(0,0,a)$ is
$$ \sqrt{r^2 + a^2 - 2ar \cos \theta},$$
by the cosine rule in trigonometry!
So the integral reduces to
$$ \int_{r = 0}^{r = 1} \int_{\theta = 0}^{\theta = \pi} \int_{\phi = 0}^{\phi = 2\pi} \frac{r^2 \sin \theta dr d\theta d \phi}{\sqrt{r^2 + a^2 - 2ar \cos \theta}}.$$
Making the substitution $u = \cos \theta$, this simplifies to
$$ \int_{r = 0}^{r = 1} \int_{u = -1}^{u = 1} \int_{\phi = 0}^{\phi = 2\pi} \frac{r^2  dr du d \phi}{\sqrt{r^2 + a^2 - 2ar u}}.$$
I hope this is now manageable enough for you to finish off.

Here is a nicer method: $1/\sqrt{x^2 + y^2 + (z-a)^2}$ is a harmonic function. All harmonic functions obey the mean value property, which states that the average value of a harmonic function on a spherical shell equals its value at the centre of the shell. Hence your triple integral equals the volume of the unit sphere times the value of $1/\sqrt{x^2 + y^2 + (z-a)^2}$ at the origin, i.e. the answer is $4\pi/3a$.

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Organised by patients and caregivers for patients and caregivers, Patients 2.0 proposes a very interactive forum where patient conversations and sharing of experiences are encouraged. The event includes a showcase of innovative Health 2.0 solutions for patient-provider communications and shared decision-making, and addresses specific challenges we need to overcome in order to truly place patients at the center of the care team. Although this year's Forum will focus on a specific therapeutic area (Diabetes), the event remains free of charge for all patients, whether they are registered to attend the rest of the conference or not. Please contact Rebeka Gyorfi at rgyorfi@himss.org to request your invitation today! Free for patients, other stakeholders need to be registered and are accepted on a first come first served basis.


For every Oprah Winfrey or Katie Couric, there are thousands of women who encounter real inequities and barriers to advancement in the workplace every day because of their gender. The law firm of Sack & Sack represents women who are denied employment in male-dominated fields, passed over for promotions, paid less than men for equal work, or treated adversely for taking maternity leave or FMLA leave.
Employment law trial lawyer Jonathan Sack has fought and won hundreds of gender discrimination cases in his 20-year career. If you have a potential claim in New York City, Long Island or anywhere in New York state, contact us today for a free case evaluation and discussion of your legal options.
Our clients range from sales clerks to high-level managers and corporate executives. The specifics of each case are unique, but the common thread is a disdain for the contributions of female employees, a "boys club" mentality, and antiquated beliefs about women's abilities to balance home and career.
Mr. Sack's first case ever involved a group of women at a supermarket who earned less than their male counterparts. At the urging of the judge (future Supreme Court Justice Sonia Sotomayor), he certified the case as a class action and subsequently won a huge settlement which made him an "overnight sensation."
More recently, Mr. Sack represented a regional sales manager for a wireless carrier in a severance litigation case. After returning from maternity leave she complained about the frequency of the CEO's "sales summits" — cross-country trips more centered on recreation than business. After her complaint, her commitment was questioned and she endured derogatory comments about women and child-rearing. She was given an ultimatum of attending the monthly summits or termination, while a male counterpart was excused from the five-day excursions. We rejected the measly severance offer of $75,000 (she had been earning $350,000) and eventually settled the case for a much larger sum.
Women fired first in layoffs because they "don't need to work"
Call Jonathan Sack at 212-702-9000 for a free initial consultation to explore possible claims. He takes cases on a flat fee or contingency basis.


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Rent review: 2007 update
Malcolm Dowden
Journal of Property Investment & Finance
Article view Figure view Cited (18) cite article
Dowden, M. (2008), "Rent review: 2007 update", Journal of Property Investment & Finance, Vol. 26 No. 2. https://doi.org/10.1108/jpif.2008.11226bab.002
The world of rent review continues to turn on the perennial questions – how rigidly must the mechanisms of rent review be applied, and how far must rent review clauses be made to bend to reflect the presumption in favour of reality?
It was not until 2002 that the Court of Appeal resolved a conflict of authorities that had previously complicated the question of when time would be of the essence for the purposes of a rent review clause. The landmark ruling in United Scientific Holdings Limited v. Burnley BC [1978] AC 904 established that time is generally not of the essence for rent reviews, but that this rule could be displaced if there were "sufficient contra-indications" in the lease. The question that remained was – what would constitute a "sufficient contra-indication"?
The Court of Appeal ruling in Starmark Enterprises Ltd v. CPL Distribution Limited [2001] EWCA Civ 1252 was that time would be of the essence where a clause set a timetable for certain steps to be taken, and went on to spell out in clear terms the effects of failing to meet that timetable. Most commonly, clauses of this kind would allow the landlord to serve notice on the tenant specifying the revised rent. The tenant would then have a fixed period to object, failing which the landlord's figure would stand as the rent until the next review date.
The approach set out in Starmark continues to guide the courts' approach to construing rent review clauses. A recent case in point is Secretary of State for Communities and Local Government v. Standard Securities Limited [2007] EWHC 1808 (Ch). In that case the secretary of state was the tenant of premises owned by the defendant company, Standard. A schedule to the lease provided that the rent was to be reviewed every seventh year. The new rent was to be the greater of either the current amount of yearly rent or the amount of the current market value on the review date. The amount of the current market value of the rent was to be agreed between the parties or, if no agreement had been reached, determined by an independent surveyor on the written request of Standard. The schedule further provided that, if no such agreement had been reached or written request made by the review date, the rent for the next seven years, until the next review date, should continue to be that currently paid. In accordance with the lease, the rent had fallen to be reviewed in March 2006. No current market value had been agreed prior to that date, and Standard had made no written request to an independent surveyor until June 2006 – that is, after the relevant review date. The Secretary of State maintained that the rent payable for the next seven years was the same yearly rent as had been payable in March 2006, and sought a declaration to that effect. The secretary of state contended that the wording of the lease gave a sufficient contra-indication to rebut the presumption that time was not of the essence in rent review clauses. The court agreed with the Secretary of State's contention. It was clear that the proviso in the schedule stipulated the consequences of a failure to serve a written request in time. That was sufficient to rebut the presumption. The effect of failure had been made explicit, in that the rent would remain the same.
Like Starmark, the decision in Standard Securities is to be welcomed as a practical and commercially sound approach. If the parties to a lease devised and spelled out a mechanism for arriving at the revised rent, then the court should so far as possible give effect to that mechanism, even if one of the parties does not like the result. The court did point out that where a clause is ambiguous, the presumption that time is not of the essence will prevail. However, it is not part of the court's role or duty to search for an ambiguity and so if the natural meaning of the words used to describe the procedure is clear enough then those words will be given full effect.
The other key presumption in rent review clauses is the presumption in favour of reality. That presumption has been applied to determine the length of the hypothetical lease (which will generally be the residue of the actual lease) or the nature of the premises to be valued (which will generally be the premises as they stand, and as they are used, at the relevant review date).
During 2007 the court has looked at "premises" to be valued on review in two cases in which the presumption was held to have been rebutted. In each case, far from ignoring the presumption of reality, the courts have felt compelled to rebut it only in the face of very clear wording to the contrary.
In Coors Holdings Ltd v. Dow Properties Ltd [2007] EWCA Civ 255 the Court of Appeal looked at a rent review clause which provided for the reviewed rent to be the higher of the passing rent or "the open market rental value of the demised premises at the review date". The lease defined "open market rental value" as the annual rental value of the "site comprised within the demised premises". The actual premises consisted of land on which a public house had been built, but the tenant argued that, on review, the premises should be the site alone without the building, and the court agreed.
Lord Justice Lloyd, delivering the main judgement, focussed on the "specific non-standard and clear words at the heart of the definition in the rent review clause". Those words "the site comprised in the demised premises" were a clear indication of a contrary intention rebutting the presumption of reality (i.e. that the premises should be valued as they were on the review date, i.e. including the building) and accordingly the premises to be valued excluded the building.
Approximately a month later the Chancery division looked another dispute as to the definition of premises in a rent review clause in St Martins Property Investments Limited v. Cable & Wireless UK PLC (LTL 13/4/2007, unreported elsewhere). Again, the actual premises conflicted with the "premises" for rent review purposes. The premises were a specialist computer centre on a business park near Swindon, but the lease contained the assumption that, for rent review purposes, the premises would "comprise High Class Professional or Commercial Offices with a net internal floor area of 124,019 square feet". The landlord maintained that on review the premises should be a hypothetical building comprising high-class offices on the site, built to a specification in line with other office buildings in the business park. The tenant maintained that they should consist of the actual premises on site, as if they had been converted to high-class offices.
Although the tenant's argument was closer to reality, i.e. the actual premises should form the starting point for valuation (and indeed a reasonable proportion of the premises was already used as offices), the court held that it was clear that the clause intended the valuation of the premises without regard to the actual buildings on site. The court's view was that the tenant's interpretation of the clause was simply not consistent with the use of the word "comprise". The court also considered that, in view of the practical difficulties with the tenant's approach (it was not clear how the existing premises could be converted), the parties must have intended something "much simpler, more definite and workable" such as comparison with the high class offices already within the business park.
In both cases, the courts seem to have laid great stress on the use of the word "comprise" within each rent review "premises" clause to turn away from the presumption of reality in favour of hypothetical premises, in spite of other provisions within both leases that sit uneasily with such interpretation.
However, it must always be borne in mind that rent review cases turn on the construction of particular documents in their specific context. The result is that while case law can provide guidance, it does not and cannot set out immutable rules that can be mechanistically applied to every lease that contains similar provisions. To illustrate this point, it is only necessary to look to the ruling in Earl Cadogan and Cadogan Estates v. Escada [2006] EWHC 78 (Ch). In that case the court came down firmly on the side of the presumption of reality, arguably, at the expense of commercial sense. The premises consisted of two shop units together with a first floor office, with its own staircase, which the tenant had been obliged to convert into a combined unit with two new staircases to the offices and to the basement.
Rent review was on the basis that the tenant's works were to be disregarded, with the exception of the installation of the new staircases. On review, Escada argued that the premises should be valued as two separate units with both the old and the new staircases. Cadogan argued that such an interpretation was nonsensical, and that a common-sense approach should be adopted in construing the clause to mean a single combined unit with only one new staircase.
Whilst accepting that where there is ambiguity it is proper to look at the commercial purpose of the clause to determine the correct interpretation, the court held that the wording in this case "may not be commercially realistic but it seems clear … There is no competition between rival constructions from which I am to make a commercially sensible choice … The clause is neither ambiguous nor incapable of implementation … ". On this basis, the court agreed with Escada's contention.
As with the presumption that time will not be of the essence, the presumption in favour of reality can be rebutted. In each case, rebuttal is the result of drafting that includes clear provision to the contrary. In each case, the court will look to the words chosen by the parties, and the context in which those words were used. The courts will not look for ambiguity, and wherever possible will give effect to the parties' stated intention – even if the result is commercially odd.


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Luis Rios
Luis Rios is a national award-winning editor whose work has been awarded two Pulitzer Prizes, a RFK Photojournalism Award, two Scripps Howard Photojournalism Awards and several National Headliners and World Press photography awards. While at the Miami Herald from 2003 through 2009, he directed and edited the coverage for the Herald's 2009 Pulitzer Prize in Breaking News Photography. As Night Picture Editor at the Washington Post, he edited a trio of photographers who won the Pulitzer Prize in Feature Photography in 2000. Currently, he is the San Antonio Express News Director of Photography. In 2014, a trio of San Antonio Express photographers he directed, on a photo essay about the border surge of Central American women and children into Texas, were named Finalists for the Pulitzer Prize in Feature Photography.


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Former Trump Lawyer Rudy Giuliani Reportedly Target Of Georgia Election Probe
Shelby Talcott August 15, 2022 Posted in Uncategorized
Rudolph W. Giuliani, a former lawyer for Donald Trump, is reportedly the target of a Georgia-based criminal investigation into potential election interference, his lawyers said Monday according to The New York Times.
Giuliani's lawyer, Robert Costello, noted in an interview that he'd just been made aware of the news by prosecutors, the Times reported. Giuliani has not yet been notified of anything, a person close to the former mayor told The Daily Caller.
The former New York City mayor is potentially facing criminal charges, Special prosecutor Nathan Wade told Costello, according to PBS. (RELATED: Federal Judge Says Lindsey Graham Has To Testify In 2020 Election Investigation)
The investigation, led by Fulton County District Attorney Fani T. Willis, centers on efforts made by former president Trump and his allies to refute the Georgia's results during the 2020 presidential election.
Prosecutors focused in on Giuliani earlier this summer, probing "witnesses before a special grand jury" regarding the former Trump lawyer's 2020 "appearances before state legislative panels," The Times reported. The person close to Giuliani said that the former New York City mayor "defended the people of Georgia who swore in affidavits that there was fraud."
Former New York City mayor and lawyer for former President Donald Trump Rudy Giuliani greets fans as people gather for the "Empowering Michigan 2022" Michigan GOP members convention at DeVos Place in Grand Rapids, Michigan, U.S., April 23, 2022. REUTERS/Emily Elconin
Costello noted that Giuliani is unlikely to reveal any information regarding conversations with Trump, the newspaper added.
"If these people think he's going to talk about conversations between him and President Trump, they're delusional," Costello said according to The Times.
Watch: Senator Ted Cruz Claims Ketanji Brown Jackson Will Be 'The Most Liberal Justice To Ever Serve On The Supreme Court'
Fmr. FDA Commissioner Gottlieb opposes Biden admin. vaccine mandate
Push to shorten U.S. mine permit review process gains steam
Fate of Wisconsin's Use of Private Vendor to Maintain Voter Roll on the Line After Citizens File Complaint


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Honey is a true gift of nature and the busy bees that make it are impressive and fascinating. That love of bees has taken Charlie Casido around the world – until the 1990s when he and his wife decided to migrate to Australia from the Philippines.
It was at Orange in the Central West of NSW they started their business called Australian Queen Bee Line, selling honey, queen bees and offering pollinating services. There's a lot to navigate as an apiarist at the moment – especially with the Varroa Mite emergency response in full swing. Charlie Casido and his daughter Carol offer a rare insight into the incredible world of bees.
A love of bess has taken Charlie Casido around the world.
The Casido family keep hives in some amazing places like national parks and private properties. From there, these amazing creatures can travel up to 5 kilometres in a single day's work. The spoils of that work – honey – travels all around the world as Queen Bee Line products become more and more sought after.
"It's nice to see mum and dad come a long way. They've migrated here and my brother and I were born and raised in Orange and Bathurst. It's nice to see how much people really love a genuine product," says Carol.
It's nice to see how much people really love a genuine product.
The family also breeds queen bees for sale. "We produce around 40,000 to 45,000 bees a year. That's for the market here in Australia and overseas. We supply to the Middle East and also Canada and Asia, but most are local," explains Charlie.
"Every state has different biosecurity protocols. So, we are not able to go into WA but prior to the Varroa Mite this year, we could ship our queen bees around Australia and overseas," says Carol.
Healthy hives and hobby beekeepers
The Varroa Mite is the biggest threat to the nation's bee population at the moment. "I'm experienced with Varroa in Saudi Arabia and the Philippines. So, it's normal for me because I've already experienced it," explains Charlie. He says if a hive is infected with the mite, the bees that hatch are unable to fly, which is catastrophic for the industry. The NSW Government is handling the treatment of the incursion by setting up biosecurity zones, containing the infected hives and euthanising the bees.
"As beekeepers, we learn why it's important to keep healthy hives. Not just for your own business but the whole industry," says Carol.
"I would encourage all beekeepers to learn. There is a biosecurity course available," adds Charlie.
Varoa mite is the biggest threat to bees currently.
A widespread infection would impact all of us, not just beekeepers. Bees are essential for the pollination of crops and regeneration of vegetation eaten by livestock. It's a great time as consumers to think about ways we can support the industry.
As beekeepers, we learn why it's important to keep healthy hives. Not just for your own business but the whole industry.
"There may be consumers who think they want to try beekeeping as well. You really do have to do your research. It's not a bad thing to reach out to a local beekeeper," says Carol.
"We are very fortunate, we get a lot of hobby beekeepers who reach out. They get queens from us, and you start to build a relationship but it's a matter of registering your hives, maintaining healthy hives, signing up for biosecurity courses. Really committing to it is part of it. When you have neglectful hobby hives, it puts the bee industry at risk."
Know your honey
For those not quite wanting to make their own honey just yet, we can also do our bit at the shops by looking for 100% pure Australian honey. Even better, know where your honey is coming from. Some cheaper imports may be diluted with sugar syrup or have other additives mixed in to make it go further.
Australian honey has a low moisture content.
"We see customers come through saying their honey has crystallised with sugar particles. They start to question if it's authentic. It is. When we pack honey, we have to warm it to a certain temperature to bottle it," says Carol.
"In Orange especially, it's so cold, it's going to crystallise. That's actually a natural part of honey and I think a lot of people don't know what to do with it. You can put the whole bucket in some warm water, and it'll soften."
That's actually a natural part of honey and I think a lot of people don't know what to do with it.
"Our Australian honey is very low moisture content. That's why the crystallisation is easy," says Charlie.
Busting myths
Charlie believes after all this time in the industry, he is still learning every day. From battling floods and fires, there have been many challenges. During the most recent bushfires in the region, their honey took on a natural smoky flavour and there's simply no way to reverse that.
"I think people believe producing honey is really easy. For us, 17 years down the track, it actually takes a lot of effort. People who have amateur hives will understand that as they sit and wait patiently for their honey. For us, it's on a bigger scale but dad has had to push weekends and do long days and late nights. It takes a lot of manpower and a lot of perseverance to do beekeeping in Australia, says Carol.
It takes a lot of manpower to do beekeeping in Australia.
I think people believe producing honey is really easy. For us, 17 years down the track, it actually takes a lot of effort.
Charlie and Carol say we're in a great place in Australia to see safe and successful beekeeping continue for generations to come. Thank goodness for that.
Hear more stories just like Charlie's by subscribing to the Telling Our Story podcast on iTunes and follow podcast host Angie Asimus on Instagram for more updates.
Dairy farmers rise to the challenge of milking camels
Married to the land


Beyond the individual apartments, our Oklahoma City 55+ community has so much to offer members—either through the common areas or services provided. Our goal is to make your lifestyle as luxurious and effortless as possible, so you can enjoy every day to the max.
Our community amenities were carefully created with you in mind to ensure you can pursue a lifestyle that can help reach your goals and aspirations. Catch your favorite movie in our theatre, pamper yourself at our beauty salon, play with your four-legged friend in our dog park or get cozy with a book by our great room fireplace. 55+ active living at Grand Tapestry at Quail Springs is a one-of-a-kind experience that encourages you to pursue an active lifestyle.
Browse the photo gallery of Grand Tapestry to get a better idea of the property and the 55 and over community, as well as the surrounding area.


PORTLAND and AUGUSTA, Maine and MANCHESTER, N.H. (June 8, 2016) – Bernstein Shur, one of northern New England's largest law firms, announced that shareholder Anthony E. Perkins was awarded the Maine Center for Entrepreneurial Development (MCED) Compass Award for his many years of outstanding mentorship through the Top Gun business acceleration and development program.
Designed to help entrepreneurs accelerate their growth, Top Gun is a five-month competitive program run by the Maine Center for Entrepreneurial Development. Program participants are matched with volunteer mentors who provide guidance on product innovation, business model development, sales and marketing and other key processes required for growth. The program culminates in a final pitch-off for the prize of $10,000 cash or $120,000-worth of in-kind services. To-date, more than 140 companies have graduated from the MCED Top Gun program.
Perkins, whose career with Bernstein Shur spans three decades, serves as co-chair of the firm's Business Law and Technology, Outsourcing & Data Security Practice Groups. He is also manager of TechVentures Group, a business advisory group within Bernstein Shur, helping companies to achieve sustainable growth objectives through equity and debt financing, strategic alliances, product development and commercialization, and business deal negotiations. Perkins has served on the board of the Maine Center for Entrepreneurial Development for three years. He received his JD from the University of Maine School of Law in 1985 and his BA from Colby College in 1982.
About Bernstein Shur Founded in 1915, Bernstein Shur is a New England-based law firm with clients across the U.S. and around the world. The firm has more than 100 award-winning attorneys and professionals who provide practical and innovative counsel in more than 20 key areas, catering to a broad range of clients and industries. Bernstein Shur is known for simplifying complex issues and winning through steadfast persistence. The firm is Maine's exclusive member of Lex Mundi, the world's leading association of independent law firms. More information is available at www.bernsteinshur.com.


Discover the secrets of the Wairarapa just over the hill from Wellington. From rolling rural countryside to rugged coastline, with wineries dotted in between, this wonderland rarely disappoints.
Whether you're looking for Martinborough wine tours or a Wairarapa garden tour, Capital Personalised tours will take you along the rugged southern coast of New Zealand for an unforgettable tour of Wairarapa. Tourism in Martinborough, Greytown and Carterton has grown substantially over the past few years, so the added interest has allowed us to visit these beautiful townships, as well as some of the best wine tours Martinborough has to offer.


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Home New York Erie County Buffalo Sarah Patricia Rera
Sarah Patricia Rera
Gross Shuman PC
Personal Injury, Business Law
Sarah P. Rera is an experienced litigation attorney with Gross Shuman P.C. in Buffalo, New York. Ms. Rera focuses her practice in the areas of personal injury and business litigation.
She has served as trial counsel in multiple complex business disputes and personal injury claims in New York State Supreme Court, receiving numerous successful verdicts for her clients. She is also an experienced appellate practitioner and has appeared before the Appellate Division and the New York Court of Appeals, the highest Court in New York.
J.D. (2009)
St. John's College
Shareholder Attorney
Barth Sullivan Behr
Upstate New York Rising Star
State Bar of New York # 4762860
LinkedIn Justia Profile
Gross Shuman P.C. Website
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Sunday: Closed (Today)
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How to Build Industry Relationships
It's not what you know. It's who you know. This is an age-old adage that means more in Hollywood than most industries on the planet. And — if you want to build strong, lasting relationships, you need to start by getting to know the most important person in your life. Yourself. As…
Dancing In The Pool
I wanted to title this blog "Something Good Always Comes From Something Bad" but with the sheer amount of bad over the past year, it felt trite. With the pandemic, protests against and protections entrenched for police brutality, and a genuinely frightening proliferation of willful, blissful ignorance, the past year…
Success Is Measured By What You Do For Others
Why I Share The end of the year comes with certain rituals. Recounting the ups and downs of the previous year, thinking about how to improve in the next one. For me, it also includes looking over my blogs for the past year. While I scanned through the year's blogs, I…
Did you see these?
2020 has been a strange year, but one thing that's remained consistent year over year is the gratitude I've felt for all the likes, shares, support, and interest you've given my blog. This project has been quite cathartic for me and knowing that it's been at least a little helpful…
Brian Medavoy
Award-winning producer and manager Brian Medavoy has been in the entertainment business for nearly 25 years. In that time he has emerged as one of Hollywood's top talent representatives, helping to craft the early careers of actors such as Ryan Reynolds, Tobey Maguire, Josh Brolin, David Schwimmer, Jason Bateman, and Maria Bello, among others.
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