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Lessons from California: 5 Tips on Data Security & Protection
Posted April 9, 2019 by Okey Obudulu in Keeping Compliant
The state of California is ironing out legislation that aims to protect consumers' private data. As a small business owner, what might this mean for you? We share some best practices.
Given the many data breaches dominating the news over the past several years — think Yahoo, OPM, Anthem, Equifax, even Facebook — data privacy regulations have gained increased relevance and importance.
Authorities are attempting to ensure that companies to whom people entrust their data are handling it properly.
Consumer Data Privacy Protections
To date, California has been the most proactive state in terms of legislation that protects people's data. The California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA), enacted by the state's legislature in June of 2018, continues to lead the way. This law is set to go into effect on January 1, 2020.
The law will allow California consumers to:
Demand to see all the information a company has saved about them
View a full list of all the third parties that data is shared with
Sue companies if the privacy guidelines are violated, even where there has not been a breach
Under the CCPA, companies have a 72-hour window in which they must report a data breach.
Some of the requirements are still in flux. The final bill contains many provisions that require further clarification — some clarifying amendments have already been enacted, and more may still be on the way.
That said, from a data security and privacy perspective, you might consider using this law as a north star for your own business. It's likely that other states and localities will follow suit with similar legislation.
Even if your business is not covered under the CCPA, here are five data security best practices to help you limit your risk:
1. Only Collect What You Need
Conduct a risk-based assessment around what kinds of data you collect and hold. As a general rule, limit the data you collect to only what is absolutely needed. If you don't actually need customers' Social Security numbers (SSNs), phone numbers, or even names, then simply don't collect them! Whatever you collect, you're responsible for, so it's better to take on less risk. An established data security policy and standard that is published to your entire organization is necessary to help establish the proper data handling standards.
Be sure to follow standard practices around vendor risk management for any vendors you use. This will help to manage third-party risk, and prepare you to respond to any of those requests for information.
2. Properly Protect What You Do Collect...
Whatever data you are collecting needs to be protected. Implement appropriate data security measures, including proper access control that limits who has access to data. It's also crucial to ensure the encryption of data in transit as well as data at rest.
An example of encryption at rest would be implementing full disk encryption on endpoints and laptops. This not only safeguards the data in the event that a device is lost or stolen, but also provides encryption "safe harbor" in certain regards. Safe harbor exemptions included in breach statutes of a number of states limit a company's liability if it can be demonstrated that the data was encrypted.
3. ...Especially the Most Sensitive and Critical Data
Let's say you do need to collect SSNs for you business. That kind of sensitive data should have additional protective measures implemented to protect it, like tokenization. Follow privacy and data security standards and frameworks outlined by leading industry organizations, such as:
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Cybersecurity Framework
Payment Card Industry (PCI) Data Security Standard (DSS)
Center for Internet Security (CIS) benchmarks
Statement on Standards for Attestation Engagements (SSAE), an auditing standard for service organizations
4. Classify and Map Your Data
Data classification, and mapping where user data is stored, are vitally important. Requirements around tracking, accessing, and storing data — like those under the CCPA — mean your security teams will need to work closely with database administrators and other stakeholders to get visibility into data storage and ensure access to it is fully secured.
Training and awareness cannot be over emphasized. Employees should be trained on the proper handling and care for each category of data. Security training and awareness also helps reduce the risk of employees falling for phishing emails or behavior that can potentially put not only their own data at risk, but the company's as well.
For more on security awareness and training, check out this related article: Security 101: Protect Your Small Business with These Tips
5. Develop an Incident Response Plan
Having an incident response plan already in place helps your organization to be able to respond promptly and limit the damage that could result from an incident.
This plan should include how you would respond in the event that something goes wrong. For instance, if breach notifications have to be made — what will your process be for doing that? You should also plan for any teams or resources that you'd require. If you're a small business, you'll likely want to engage outside privacy professionals or lawyers for help in an incident.
This material has been prepared for informational purposes only, and is not intended to provide, and should not be relied on for, legal or tax advice. If you have any legal or tax questions regarding this content or related issues, then you should consult with your professional legal or tax advisor.
Data breaches are all over the news, but what does it mean for small...
February 12 · Running a Business 101
Security 101: Protect Your Small Business with These Tips
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Lessons from California: 5 Tips on Data Security & Protection 6 Small Business Tax Deductions To Remember What is the R&D Tax Credit? Here's a Quick Breakdown A Simple Guide to Exempt vs Non-Exempt Employees Under the FLSA What is Employee Expense Reimbursement and How Does it Work?
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Elsa High Heel Designer is an online game that you can play on 4J.Com for free. Elsa becomes a high heel designer after graduation. Her friends Belle is going to take part in a party. However, she didn't have a suitable high heels shoes. Help Elsa design one for Belle. There are different high heel shoes elements you can choose from. Enjoy Elsa High Heel Designer.


text:
Zen-Brain Reflections
By James H. Austin
A sequel to the popular Zen and the Brain further explores pivotal points of intersection in Zen Buddhism, neuroscience, and consciousness, arriving at a new synthesis of information from both neuroscience research and Zen studies.
Hardcover $9.75 T £7.99
ISBN: 9780262514859 616 pp. | 7 in x 9 in 11 illus. September 2010
A monumental melding of wisdom from Zen and other contemplative traditions with modern neuroscience. This extraordinary synthesis will serve as an important resource for many years to come. A must-read for any serious student of the emerging discipline of contemplative neuroscience.
Richard J. Davidson
William James and Vilas Research Professor of Psychology and Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin–Madison
This sequel to the widely read Zen and the Brain continues James Austin's explorations into the key interrelationships between Zen Buddhism and brain research. In Zen-Brain Reflections, Austin, a clinical neurologist, researcher, and Zen practitioner, examines the evolving psychological processes and brain changes associated with the path of long-range meditative training. Austin draws not only on the latest neuroscience research and new neuroimaging studies but also on Zen literature and his personal experience with alternate states of consciousness.
Zen-Brain Reflections takes up where the earlier book left off. It addresses such questions as: how do placebos and acupuncture change the brain? Can neuroimaging studies localize the sites where our notions of self arise? How can the latest brain imaging methods monitor meditators more effectively? How do long years of meditative training plus brief enlightened states produce pivotal transformations in the physiology of the brain? In many chapters testable hypotheses suggest ways to correlate normal brain functions and meditative training with the phenomena of extraordinary states of consciousness.
After briefly introducing the topic of Zen and describing recent research into meditation, Austin reviews the latest studies on the amygdala, frontotemporal interactions, and paralimbic extensions of the limbic system. He then explores different states of consciousness, both the early superficial absorptions and the later, major "peak experiences." This discussion begins with the states called kensho and satori and includes a fresh analysis of their several different expressions of "oneness." He points beyond the still more advanced states toward that rare ongoing stage of enlightenment that is manifest as "sage wisdom."
Finally, with reference to a delayed "moonlight" phase of kensho, Austin envisions novel links between migraines and metaphors, moonlight and mysticism. The Zen perspective on the self and consciousness is an ancient one. Readers will discover how relevant Zen is to the neurosciences, and how each field can illuminate the other.
Out of Print ISBN: 9780262012232 616 pp. | 7 in x 9 in 11 illus. February 2006
$19.75 T | £15.99 ISBN: 9780262514859 616 pp. | 7 in x 9 in 11 illus. September 2010
James H. Austin
James H. Austin, a clinical neurologist, researcher, and Zen practitioner for more than three decades, is Professor Emeritus of Neurology at the University of Colorado Health Sciences Center and Courtesy Professor of Neurology at the University of Florida College of Medicine. He is the author of Zen and the Brain, Chase, Chance, and Creativity, Zen-Brain Reflections, Selfless Insight, Meditating Selflessly, and Zen-Brain Horizons, all published by the MIT Press. For more information, please visit www.zenandthebrain.com.
In Zen and the Brain, James Austin quoted Einstein's dictum that 'Science without religion is lame, religion without science is blind.' Neurophysiological studies help us understand the biological bases of behavior, but attempting to understand experience is a heroic pursuit. In this sequel, Zen-Brain Reflections, Austin continues his quest of allowing us to better grasp how Zen practices influence and alter brain functions. His quest is not complete, but in this new book he reviews and synthesizes the substantial progress that has been made in understanding the biological basis of Zen experience, providing the reader with further enlightenment.
Kenneth M. Heilman
James E. Rooks Jr. Distinguished Professor of Neurology, University of Florida College of Medicine
Following his monumental masterpiece Zen and the Brain, James Austin here presents further reflections on the koan 'How do neural mechanisms create enlightened consciousness?' This superb sequel not only reviews the most recent relevant neuroscience research, but also stands alone as a readable survey of mind-brain relationships underlying the spectrum of mental states. Austin's unique expertise as a neurologist and Zen practitioner, as well as an articulate writer, makes him the perfect guide to elucidate the profound interrelationships between consciousness, the brain, and the world.
Eberhard E. Fetz
Professor of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Washington
Living Zen Remindfully
Zen-Brain Horizons
https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/zen-brain-reflections

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Apple's strict nine-minute snooze policy is personally annoying: It gives me just enough time to fall asleep again for a few minutes, which doesn't help me wake up. Ideally I'd change my snooze... Change the Time on an iPhone Alarm You will be able to change other settings for the alarm as well, such as the dates that the alarm goes off, as well as the sound that is played. You will find those options on the menu that we navigate to in Step 5 below.
Time: You can use the Up and Down arrows on your display to modify the time on the alarm. Click on AM/PM icon to change the settings as per your need Click on AM/PM icon to change the settings as per your …... There are no settings to adjust the amount of time the snooze is valid for, or anything of that nature. Perhaps the developer is holding out on those features for a future update. Perhaps the developer is holding out on those features for a future update.
To set your clock to your time press and hold the mode button for 2 seconds. The off-set hours will appear and blink in the clock window. Press the up or down button to designate your time zone. Press the alarm button to exit time zone setting mode.
Back in the day, mechanical clocks had to offer snooze in nine-minute intervals because in order to make snooze work, the button was attached to the part of the clock that controls minutes. The easiest way to engineer that, and give people the longest time to snooze, was to set it for nine minutes, according to an answer on Quora.


Owning a house is an accomplishment for most people.However, occupying one without the essential documents can land them in trouble. When Vivek Lokhande's builder told him that he could occupy his newly bought flat since he possessed the completion certificate, Lokhande was more than glad. First thing to cross his mind was all the money he will save on rent.
Little did he know that by occupying the flat without the occupancy certificate, he was indulging in an illegal activity.As per the Pune Municipal Corporation (PMC), occupying a flat without the occupancy certificate is illegal."There must be no confusion that completion and occupancy are two different certificates. Occupying a flat without the occupancy certificate is illegal."Flat buyers tend to believe their occupancy becomes legal once the civic body starts charging them property tax. "This, however, is not true. The occupancy certificate is a must," Aniruddha Pawaskar, PMC's executive engineer, said."The occupancy certificate confirms that a property is livable as per the civic standards," Pawaskar said, adding that the PMC has right to impose heavy fines on those occupying flats without the occupancy certificate. As per civic officials, while the completion certificate guarantees that a construction has taken place as per the plan, the occupancy certificate is a green signal for actual possession."It is vital for seeking civic services and for future financial transactions," they said.


A colorful golf shoe designed for a colorful golf game. The low profile, cleated TPU sole ensures feet stay anchored to the ground for outstanding feel and performance. ECCO HydromaxR technology keeps feet dry in the most extreme weather conditions while the high quality, durable leather is golf-all-day comfortable.


Auckland Transport and the New Zealand Transport Agency have created the Nelson Street Cycle way, called Te Ara I Whiti, which translates to the Lightpath. It is also known to many as the dazzling magenta cycleway.
The Nelson Street Cycle way is an innovative use of the existing off-ramp to provide such an exciting new cycling connection for Auckland. The team responsible for this project worked with local Maori artist Katz Maihi and Iwi throughout all stages to ensure that the path had a New Zealand identity.
Zelt Inductive Loops were installed on the Lightpath to precisely analyse the electromagnetic signature of each bicycle wheel and count how many cyclists use the pathway.
View a clip of the Te Ara I Whiti - The Light Path #LightPathAKL and see it for yourself!


text:
"""
Copyright (c) 2007 Michael Trier

Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:

The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
all copies or substantial portions of the Software.

THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
THE SOFTWARE.

https://github.com/django-extensions/django-extensions/blob/b9c996c0818da36d10449dfff7d776bf7dcbbdf2/django_extensions/db/fields/json.py

JSONField automatically serializes most Python terms to JSON data.
Creates a TEXT field with a default value of "{}".  See test_json.py for
more information.

 from django.db import models
 from django_extensions.db.fields import json

 class LOL(models.Model):
     extra = json.JSONField()
"""
from __future__ import absolute_import
import six
from decimal import Decimal
from django.db import models
from django.conf import settings
from django.core.serializers.json import DjangoJSONEncoder

try:
    # Django >= 1.7
    import json
except ImportError:
    # Django <= 1.6 backwards compatibility
    from django.utils import simplejson as json

def dumps(value):
    return DjangoJSONEncoder().encode(value)

def loads(txt):
    value = json.loads(
        txt,
        parse_float=Decimal,
        encoding=settings.DEFAULT_CHARSET
    )
    return value

class JSONDict(dict):
    """
    Hack so repr() called by dumpdata will output JSON instead of
    Python formatted data.  This way fixtures will work!
    """
    def __repr__(self):
        return dumps(self)

class JSONUnicode(six.text_type):
    """
    As above
    """
    def __repr__(self):
        return dumps(self)

class JSONList(list):
    """
    As above
    """
    def __repr__(self):
        return dumps(self)

class JSONField(six.with_metaclass(models.SubfieldBase, models.TextField)):
    """JSONField is a generic textfield that neatly serializes/unserializes
    JSON objects seamlessly.  Main thingy must be a dict object."""

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        default = kwargs.get('default', None)
        if default is None:
            kwargs['default'] = '{}'
        elif isinstance(default, (list, dict)):
            kwargs['default'] = dumps(default)
        models.TextField.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)

    def to_python(self, value):
        """Convert our string value to JSON after we load it from the DB"""
        if value is None or value == '':
            return {}
        elif isinstance(value, six.string_types):
            res = loads(value)
            if isinstance(res, dict):
                return JSONDict(**res)
            elif isinstance(res, six.string_types):
                return JSONUnicode(res)
            elif isinstance(res, list):
                return JSONList(res)
            return res
        else:
            return value

    def get_db_prep_save(self, value, connection, **kwargs):
        """Convert our JSON object to a string before we save"""
        if value is None and self.null:
            return None
        return super(JSONField, self).get_db_prep_save(dumps(value), connection=connection)

    def south_field_triple(self):
        """Returns a suitable description of this field for South."""
        # We'll just introspect the _actual_ field.
        from south.modelsinspector import introspector
        field_class = "django.db.models.fields.TextField"
        args, kwargs = introspector(self)
        # That's our definition!
        return (field_class, args, kwargs)

    def deconstruct(self):
        name, path, args, kwargs = super(JSONField, self).deconstruct()
        if self.default == '{}':
            del kwargs['default']
        return name, path, args, kwargs

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
'BSN in 10' Becomes Law in New York
Analysis | By Jennifer Thew RN
Empire State becomes first in the nation to require that nurses obtain a bachelor's degree.
New York State starts the new year with a newly passed nursing law. Governor Andrew Cuomo last month signed into law a bill that requires new nurses to earn a bachelor's degree within 10 years of initial licensure.
The legislation takes effect immediately though the requirement that nurses obtain a baccalaureate degree or higher within 10 years of licensure begins in 30 months.
The new education requirement does not affect nurses already in practice.
There has been a push toward this legislation, commonly known as "BSN in 10," for years, but its passage makes New York the first state to pass this type of law.
BSN-preparation affects patient outcomes
Research, particularly that by Linda H. Aiken, PhD, FAAN, FRCN, of the University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, has shown that having more nurses with bachelor's degrees improves patient outcomes. For example, her research has found that for each 10% increase in nurses with BSN degrees, there was a 5% decline in risk-adjusted patient mortality.
Additionally, when it released the 2010 report, The Future of Nursing: Leading Change, Advancing Health, the Institute of Medicine (now the National Academy of Medicine) recommended 80% nurses should have at least a BSN by 2020 (though new research has found that while progress is being made, this goal will not likely be reached within the next two years).
Jennifer Thew, RN, is the senior nursing editor at HealthLeaders.
States With Full Practice Authority for Nurse Practitioners Serve Marginalized Communities More Effectively
Exploring the Top Questions Around Managing Value-Based Care
DOJ takes down Hive, a major ransomware group
Delivering healthcare solutions through device design
Rise in Medically Complex Patients: 3 Advantages of Rehabilitation Partnership
In-home care provider investigated for $4M in Medicaid fraud


text:
The Women's individual table tennis – Class 1–2 tournament at the 2012 Summer Paralympics in London took place from 30 August to 2 September 2012 at ExCeL Exhibition Centre. Classes 1–5 are for athletes with a physical impairment that affected their legs, and who compete in a sitting position. The lower the number, the greater the impact the impairment was on an athlete's ability to compete.

In the preliminary stage, athletes competed in four groups of three. Winners of each group qualified for the semi-finals.

Results
All times are local (BST/UTC+1)

Finals

Preliminary round

Group A

30 August, 13:00

31 August, 11:40

31 August, 19:20

Group B

30 August, 13:00

31 August, 11:40

31 August, 19:20

Group C

30 August, 13:00

31 August, 11:40

31 August, 19:20

Group D

30 August, 13:00

31 August, 11:40

31 August, 19:20

References

WI01
Para

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
History of RIT
About Rochester, NY
Visit RIT
Careers at RIT
Our Global Campuses
Rankings and Recognitions
Discover RIT
Faces of RIT
Graduate and Doctoral Degrees
Individualized Study
Undecided and Undeclared Options
Online and Professional Education
Co-op and Internships
Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing Students
US Military / Veterans
Online and Professional Education Admissions
Prospective Student Visitors
College and Careers: RIT's Distinctive Career Exploration Weekend
Research Magazine
Corporate Research Partnerships
Research Magazine 2019
Undergraduate Research Symposium 2019
This is student life
Rochester Institute
RIT /
Rochester Institute of Technology /
by Susan Gawlowicz
Follow @SGawlowicz
Researchers take algae out of the lab
RIT researchers take algae out of the lab
Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Share on LinkedIn Share on Reddit Share via Email
A. Sue Weisler
Professor Jeff Lodge and graduate student Eric Lannan explore algae as a biodiesel fuel.
Let algae do the dirty work.
Researchers at Rochester Institute of Technology are developing biodiesel from microalgae grown in wastewater. The project is doubly "green" because algae consume nitrates and phosphates and reduce bacteria and toxins in the water. The end result: clean wastewater and stock for a promising biofuel.
The purified wastewater can be channeled back into receiving bodies of water at treatment plants, while the biodiesel can fuel buses, construction vehicles and farm equipment. Algae could replace diesel's telltale black puffs of exhaust with cleaner emissions low in the sulfur and particulates that accompany fossil fuels.
Algae have a lot of advantages. They are cheaper and faster to grow than corn, which requires nutrient-rich soil, fertilizer and insecticide. Factor in the fuel used to harvest and transport corn and ethanol starts to look complicated.
In contrast, algae are much simpler organisms. They use photosynthesis to convert sunlight into energy. They need only water—ponds or tanks to grow in—sunlight and carbon dioxide.
"Algae—as a renewable feedstock—grow a lot quicker than crops of corn or soybeans," says Eric Lannan, who is working on his master's degree in mechanical engineering at RIT. "We can start a new batch of algae about every seven days. It's a more continuous source that could offset 50 percent of our total gas use for equipment that uses diesel."
Cold weather is an issue for biodiesel fuels.
"The one big drawback is that biodiesel does freeze at a higher temperature," says Jeff Lodge, associate professor of biological sciences at RIT. "It doesn't matter what kind of diesel fuel you have, if it gets too cold, the engine's not starting. It gels up. It's possible to blend various types of biodiesel—algae derived with soybeans or some other type—to generate a biodiesel with a more favorable pour point that flows easily."
Lannan's graduate research in biofuels led him to Lodge's biology lab. With the help of chemistry major Emily Young, they isolated and extracted valuable fats, or lipids, algae produce and yielded tiny amounts of a golden-colored biodiesel. They are growing the alga strain Scenedesmus, a single-cell organism, using wastewater from the Frank E. Van Lare Wastewater Treatment Plant in Irondequoit, N.Y.
"It's key to what we're doing here," Lodge says. "Algae will take out all the ammonia—99 percent—88 percent of the nitrate and 99 percent of the phosphate from the wastewater — all those nutrients you worry about dumping into the receiving water. In three to five days, pathogens are gone. We've got data to show that the coliform counts are dramatically reduced below the level that's allowed to go out into Lake Ontario."
Assemblyman Joseph Morelle, whose district includes Irondequoit, applauds RIT's initiative. "Innovations developed at great academic institutions such as RIT will be key to solving many of the challenges we face, from revitalizing the upstate economy to the creation of clean, renewable energy sources for the future. Professor Lodge and Eric Lannan's research bridges the gap between cost efficiency and environmental conservation and is a perfect example of how old problems can yield to new and creative solutions."
Lodge and Lannan ramped up their algae production from 30 gallons of wastewater in a lab at RIT to 100 gallons in a 4-foot-by-7-foot long tank at Environmental Energy Technologies, an RIT spinoff. Lannan's graduate thesis advisor Ali Ogut, professor of mechanical engineering, is the company's president and CTO. In the spring, the researchers will build a mobile greenhouse at the Irondequoit wastewater treatment plant and scale up production to as much as 1,000 gallons of wastewater.
Northern Biodiesel, located in Wayne County, will purify the lipids from the algae and convert them into biodiesel for the RIT researchers.
RIT Croatia Professor Staša Puškarić featured in HBO documentary 'Ice on Fire'
A professor from RIT Croatia is featured in Ice on Fire, a new HBO documentary about climate change produced by Oscar-winner Leonardo DiCaprio, George DiCaprio and Mathew Schmid and directed by Leila Conners. Professor Staša Puškarić is one of several scientists featured who outline solutions designed stave off the worst effects of global warming.
RIT's Callie Babbitt receives Fulbright U.S. Scholar Award
Callie Babbitt, an associate professor in RIT's Golisano Institute for Sustainability, will study sustainable solutions that will address the growing challenge of food waste management along Croatia's Adriatic coast.
RIT selects endowed executive director for new Global Cybersecurity Institute
Steve Hoover, former chief technology officer and senior vice president at Xerox and former chief executive officer of the Palo Alto Research Center (PARC), has been named to the newly created position of endowed executive director of RIT's Global Cybersecurity Institute.
Professor honored with Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers
RIT computing professor Linwei Wang, whose research is advancing non-invasive personalized healthcare for heart diseases, is receiving the Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers, the highest honor bestowed by the U.S. government on outstanding scientists and engineers who are beginning their independent research careers and show exceptional promise for leadership in science and technology.


text:
Rufiji je rijeka u Tanzaniji. Nastaje spajanjem rijeka Kilombero i Luwegu u zapadnoj Tanzaniji, duga je oko 600 kilometara, dok je površina porječja 177.429 km². Prosječni istjek izmjeren 200 km uzvodno od ušća iznosi 792 m³/s, iako se sada procjenjuje da je zbog navodnjavanja u gornjem toku taj broj manji. Nakon stvaranja teče kroz Selous jedan od najvećih rezervata životinja u svijetu i Africi. Ulijeva se u Indijski ocean oko 200 km južno od Dar-es-Salaama nasuprot otoka Mafie. Na ušću rijeka tvori deltu u kojoj se nalazi najveća mangrova šuma u svijetu.

Vanjske poveznice
 Karta rijeke Rufijia

Izvor

Rijeke u Tanzaniji
Indijskooceanski slijev (Afrika)


text:
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Social enterprise entity structures
We consider the various legal forms of social enterprise activities. All these structures require specialist advice, so, if you are considering such a business in the South Wales area we, at Graham Paul, can assist you.
A social enterprise entity is a business with primarily social objectives. Any surpluses made are reinvested into the main principle of that entity (or into the community) rather than maximising profit for shareholders. Examples of types of objectives are regeneration of the local environmental area, promoting climate change awareness and training for disadvantaged people. There are various legal forms that should be considered when setting up this type of entity. Which one you choose will depend upon what the social enterprise actually does and the style of management of those running it.
The possible options available are as follows:
Unincorporated association
Community interest company (CIC)
Charitable incorporated organisation (CIO)
Co-operative or community benefit society.
A limited company is a separate legal entity from its members and gives them limited liability. A limited company set up with a social purpose needs to set out its objectives, which can also include commercial objectives. There are two choices of limited companies for social enterprise entities: a company limited by shares and a company limited by guarantee. In the case of a company limited by shares, dividends can be paid to the shareholders.
Limited company accounts need to be filed at Companies House and consideration needs to be given as to whether an audit is required.
If the limited company's objectives are exclusively charitable and for the public benefit, it may also be set up as a charity. Where this is the case the company will need to register with the relevant charity regulator. If it is a charity then it will need to follow the relevant charities legislation (eg Charities Act 2011 in England and Wales) and the charity regulator will require the submission of Annual Returns. In return, however, it will have the benefits of being a charity such as potentially qualifying for a number of tax exemptions and reliefs on income and gains, and on profits for some activities.
Trusts are unincorporated bodies which do not distribute profits. The trust is set up to govern how its assets are to be used, and as such can hold property and other assets for the community. Trustees act on behalf of the community in looking after the assets but it is important to note that the trust does not have its own legal identity. The trustees are therefore liable for the trust's liabilities.
Trust deeds are set up to protect the trust's objectives. The trust is able to write an asset lock into its rules in order to secure assets for its intended community.
Like limited companies, trusts can also be charities. The same points which are noted above for charitable limited companies should be considered for charitable trusts.
The simplest form for a social enterprise entity is an unincorporated association. This could be used when a number of individuals come together for a common 'social' purpose. There are very few formalities to setting up this way, which is the key advantage. The members can set their own rules and a management committee is elected to run the entity on behalf of any members it may have. Associations are also able to carry out commercial activities.
The problem with the unincorporated association is that it has no separate legal identity. If there are any debts, the members are legally liable to pay those debts down to their last worldly possession. This type of entity is not likely to be suitable if you wish to employ staff, raise finance, take on leases or purchase property, apply for grants or enter into contractual arrangements.
Like limited companies and trusts, unincorporated associations can also be charities. The same points which are noted above for charitable limited companies should be considered for charitable unincorporated associations.
These are specific limited companies that provide benefits to the community. This type of structure was developed due to the lack of legal structures for non-charitable social enterprises. They can be set up as either companies limited by shares or companies limited by guarantee, and thus have the benefits of limited liability. CICs need to be registered and comply with the CIC Regulations. They need to pass the 'community interest test' before they can register as CICs. Thus the main difference compared to other companies is that they are operating for the benefit of the community and not for the benefit of shareholders. An existing company can be converted to a CIC, although a CIC cannot hold charitable status.
Like trusts, they have an asset lock which restricts profit distribution in certain circumstances and ensures that the assets are used for the community purpose. On winding up a CIC, all of the assets must be transferred to another similar asset-locked body.
A key advantage of a CIC (rather than a charity) is that the directors of a CIC can be remunerated (charity trustees generally are not remunerated). They are also not as heavily regulated (although are still regulated under a 'light touch' regime). They obviously do not have the taxation advantages that charities are entitled to and they have to file a community interest report annually with the CIC regulator (which is made available publicly).
The charity regulators for England and Wales and Scotland have been registering new CIOs/SCIOs (Scottish Charitable Incorporated Organisations) for a number of years. CIOs and SCIOs have benefits similar to a limited company charity. This means that the members and trustees are usually personally safeguarded from the financial liabilities of the charity, and that the charity has its own legal personality which means trustees do not have to take out contracts in their own names. CIOs and SCIOs do not have to register with Companies House, but they do need to register with their relevant charity regulator.
Co-operative or community benefit society
Community benefit societies (BenComs) are incorporated registered societies which operate for the benefit of the community in which they operate. They must be able to demonstrate their social objectives and these must continue to be met. Registration is with the Financial Conduct Authority for an applicable fee which will depend upon its rules.
BenComs are not the same as co-operatives as these operate primarily for the benefit of members. Depending on how they distribute profits and what activities they undertake, co-operatives can also be social enterprise entities.
All of the above social enterprise entity structures require specialist advice so, if you are considering such a business in the South Wales area we, at Graham Paul, can assist you. We will be happy to discuss your plans and the most appropriate structure with you. The most appropriate structure will depend on a number of factors, including consideration of taxation implications, the legal entity, regulation and management style.
Important actions to take.
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During his monthly visit to the island, Dr. Ofer Sagiv, MD FACC, Yale Faculty Affiliate, conducted training on how to perform the Ankle Brachial Index Exam with the NMAC team.
"Ankle Brachial Index commonly referred to as ABI test, measures the patient blood pressure at different points down the legs and compare's this with blood pressure in their arm. It is a relatively simply exam, which is harmless and uses no form of radiation," NMAC explained.
"The ABI study is an excellent screening and diagnostic tool for the evaluation of Peripheral Artery Disease [PAD]. PAD is a narrowing or complete blockage of the blood vessels down the legs.
"The most common symptom of PAD is leg pain. In addition one can feel muscle cramping in the hips, thighs or calves when doing simply things like walking, exercising and climbing stairs.
S"imply when you do any sort of movement, the muscles to the legs would require increase blood supply, however if there is a narrowing or a blockage; the muscles are simply not going to receive the amount of blood they need.
Dr. Kyjuan Brown, NMAC Medical Director said, "The ABI is an appropriate screening tool for anyone over the age of 50 who has a history of smoking or is a diabetic.


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Chicago Fire Supporters
Chicago Red Stars supporters
Meet The 2018 Hot Time Roster
Come say hi to the new signings!
By Bridget Gordon, Adnan Basic, Adriana Hooper, Claire Watkins, Richard Palaikis II, Ruel Gutierrez Apostol, Saul Garcia, Ruben Tisch, Sandra Herrera, and Sean Spence Mar 2, 2018, 12:30pm CST
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A little over a month ago we put out a call for new contributors. The response was, I don't mind telling you, a bit overwhelming. Not only did we add to the staff here at Hot Time, we're also in a position to expand our work. We have photographers, we have video producers, we have dedicated social media wizards, all adding to a talented and promising new crop of writers. These new prospects will join a core staff of veterans to deliver peerless coverage of the Chicago Fire and the Chicago Red Stars in 2018.
We also bid adieu to some regulars from 2017; some to pursue exciting new opportunities in sports journalism, some to get down to business in their academic career, and some to focus on other important parts of their lives. We're grateful for their work and their camaraderie, and wish them all the best. And who knows— maybe we'll see a one or two familiar names on Hot Time bylines again in the future.
We're still open to new writers, so if you're interested don't hesitate to reach out. But for now, here is the teamsheet for the 2018 season at Hot Time In Old Town.
Adnan (Fire)
Journalism Major at Roosevelt University. Season ticket holder since 2016. Comedic relief. #YAMsquad
Adriana (Social Media)
Born and raised in Southern California, the youngest (but wiser) of two kids. Graduate of San Diego State with a Media Studies Bachelor's degree and CSU Northridge with a Masters in Music Industry Administration. Sports and Music fanatic. I follow a lot of sports but pay particular attention to many women's sports including the NWSL, WNBA, NCAA WBB, and Softball. Catch me daily sharing my (sometimes not asked for) opinions on Twitter.
Claire (Red Stars)
Grew up in rural Ohio, made it to Chicago, ended up deeply Midwestern. DePaul grad in Performing Arts Management and a Masters in Violin Performance, which has naturally translated into writing primarily about soccer. Always working on new music (put out a pretty cool record last year) and spend most of my non-soccer time enjoying many different varieties of pop culture minutiae.
Moe (Video + Special Projects)
I've been a Fire fan since I was born (literally, I was born in 1998). Freshman at DePaul University, majoring in Broadcast Journalism.
Richard (Matchday Photography)
Born in Detroit, Michigan, spent some time in California, and ended up settling down in Ann Arbor, Michigan. I've spent the last several years as a professional sports photographer shooting with the Chicago Red Stars, U.S. Soccer and NCAA D1.
RJ (Fire)
Graduating this May with a BA in Journalism from Columbia College Chicago, woo! Prior to Columbia, I attended Harper College back in Palatine, IL. Apart from soccer, I also enjoy baseball. Outside of sports, I enjoy rhythm games and taking pictures next to cardboard cutouts.
Saul (Fire)
Proud Mexican-American. A senior in college and one who comes with all the soccer knowledge of a student who watches way too many soccer games. I also like basketball and professional wrestling. Lastly, my twitter game is "fire emoji" so check it out!
Ruben (Fire)
You all know me. I've been here since 2011. I've covered both the Fire and Red Stars in my time here, and will watch any soccer game that gets put in front of me…. Except for Sunderland games. Ew. I also love the NBA, Magic the Gathering, and Video Games. I do the friday mailbag, so give me your questions. Also watch the Overwatch League #MVPFleta pogChamp pogChamp Kappa. Go Sox.
Sandra (Red Stars Editor)
Chicago Red Stars Editor. Latinx. Unapologetically South Side. I love my Ma.
James Bridget (Managing Editor)
Sporpswriter. Art school refugee. Super Gay. Extremely Online. I work for Howler Magazine and I've been published a bunch of other places. I like books and puppies and baseball and chess and the Mountain Goats. I have a lot of feelings about Star Trek. They/Them or She/Her.
Sean (Pirate King)
Head thing at Hot Time. Gifted with polemic and the weird. Husband to Sarah. Socialist. Server. Probably listening to Radiohead and thinking gloomy thoughts about end-stage capitalism. Detroit City 'til I die.
Kacper Przybylko to the Chicago Fire? Here's the latest. The MLS blockbuster appears close, but it's not a done deal just yet


These efficiencies are fully furnished and include free fiber-optic internet. Each unit includes a window air conditioner. Each kitchen has a gas stove. No pets. Parking is available for $45/month. There is an on-site laundry facility. The cross street is Coler.
August to August lease, approximately 275 sq. ft., carpeting in #9 and epoxy flooring in #10.
August to August lease, approximately 295 sq. ft., hardwood floor.


Nigerian music superstar, Burna Boy has revealed the secret behind his name.
Born Damini Ogulu, he spoke in an interview with Pulse where he disclosed that the inspiration came from super hero characters.
According to him, he used to draw cartoons and found himself fascinated by super hero characters so he chose one for himself 'Burna Boy'.
From his revelation, Burna Boy would either have been a character in a super hero movie or a comic book were he not a musician.


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→Lionsgate Buys Gerard Butler-Gary Oldman Thriller 'Hunter Killer' for October Release
Lionsgate Buys Gerard Butler-Gary Oldman Thriller 'Hunter Killer' for October Release
Lionsgate has bought the action-thriller "Hunter Killer," starring Gerard Butler, Gary Oldman, Michael Nyqvist, and Common, and given it an Oct.
26 release date.The film is directed by Donovan Marsh from a script by Arne Schmidt and Jamie Moss from the 2012 novel "Firing Point," by Don Keith and George Wallace.
The story is about an untested American submarine captain who teams with Navy SEALs to rescue the Russian president, who has been kidnapped by a rogue general.The film has had a quirky journey to the big screen.
"Hunter Killer," produced by Neal Moritz, was originally developed at Relativity Media in 2015 with CEO Ryan Kavanaugh on board to produce and the company's then-president Tucker Tooley executive producing — before Relativity filed for bankruptcy protection."Hunter Killer" became the object of a fierce dispute during Relativity's bankruptcy.
Moritz and others associated with the film sued, saying that Relativity had fraudulently


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The property is located just north of Ystradgynlais within Powys County Council and only 2 miles south of the Brecon Beacons National Park.
The property fronts Brecon Road to its western boundary. Swansea is situated some 16 miles to the south.
There is direct access onto the national cycle route from its Eastern boundary. The main bus route it located on the main road on its western boundary.
Ystradgynlais has 4 new schools, the closest of which is walking distance to the property.
The property comprises land measuring approximately 18.473 acres which gently slopes up towards its Eastern boundary. The land is generally of a rough pasture nature with woodland to the northern boundary.
The property is listed within the Local Development Plan for Residential Development for 76 dwellings with written confirmation from the Local Authority confirming there will be no requirement for an affordable element. The client is also in receipt of Pre-Application advice (PPAE/2016/0127) from Powys County Council dated 16 July 2016 which states that in principle residential development would be supported at this location. This document is available to view on request.
We understand that all mains services run parallel with the main road on its Western boundary.
Price is on application. Please contact Matthew Mason for further details.


He stepped across the room.
There was a memory hole in the opposite wall. O'Brien lifted the grating. Unseen, the frail slip of paper was whirling away on the current of warm air; it was vanishing in a flash of flame. O'Brien turned away from the wall.
What if self-deception helps us be happy? What if just running out and overcoming bias will make us—gasp!—unhappy? Surely, true wisdom would be second-order rationality, choosing when to be rational. That way you can decide which cognitive biases should govern you, to maximize your happiness.
Leaving the morality aside, I doubt such a lunatic dislocation in the mind could really happen.
Second-order rationality implies that at some point, you will think to yourself, "And now, I will irrationally believe that I will win the lottery, in order to make myself happy." But we do not have such direct control over our beliefs. You cannot make yourself believe the sky is green by an act of will. You might be able to believe you believed it—though I have just made that more difficult for you by pointing out the difference. (You're welcome!) You might even believe you were happy and self-deceived; but you would not in fact be happy and self-deceived.
For second-order rationality to be genuinely rational, you would first need a good model of reality, to extrapolate the consequences of rationality and irrationality. If you then chose to be first-order irrational, you would need to forget this accurate view. And then forget the act of forgetting. I don't mean to commit the logical fallacy of generalizing from fictional evidence, but I think Orwell did a good job of extrapolating where this path leads.
Be irrationally optimistic about your driving skills, and you will be happily unconcerned where others sweat and fear. You won't have to put up with the inconvenience of a seat belt. You will be happily unconcerned for a day, a week, a year. Then crash, and spend the rest of your life wishing you could scratch the itch in your phantom limb. Or paralyzed from the neck down. Or dead. It's not inevitable, but it's possible; how probable is it? You can't make that tradeoff rationally unless you know your real driving skills, so you can figure out how much danger you're placing yourself in. You can't make that tradeoff rationally unless you know about biases like neglect of probability.
No matter how many days go by in blissful ignorance, it only takes a single mistake to undo a human life, to outweigh every penny you picked up from the railroad tracks of stupidity.
One of the chief pieces of advice I give to aspiring rationalists is "Don't try to be clever." And, "Listen to those quiet, nagging doubts." If you don't know, you don't know what you don't know, you don't know how much you don't know, and you don't know how much you needed to know.
There is no second-order rationality. There is only a blind leap into what may or may not be a flaming lava pit. Once you know, it will be too late for blindness.
But people neglect this, because they do not know what they do not know. Unknown unknowns are not available. They do not focus on the blank area on the map, but treat it as if it corresponded to a blank territory. When they consider leaping blindly, they check their memory for dangers, and find no flaming lava pits in the blank map. Why not leap?
Been there. Tried that. Got burned. Don't try to be clever.
Maybe there are stupid happy people out there. Maybe they are happier than you are. And life isn't fair, and you won't become happier by being jealous of what you can't have. I suspect the vast majority of Overcoming Bias readers could not achieve the "happiness of stupidity" if they tried. That way is closed to you. You can never achieve that degree of ignorance, you cannot forget what you know, you cannot unsee what you see.
The happiness of stupidity is closed to you. You will never have it short of actual brain damage, and maybe not even then. You should wonder, I think, whether the happiness of stupidity is optimal—if it is the most happiness that a human can aspire to—but it matters not. That way is closed to you, if it was ever open.
All that is left to you now, is to aspire to such happiness as a rationalist can achieve. I think it may prove greater, in the end. There are bounded paths and open-ended paths; plateaus on which to laze, and mountains to climb; and if climbing takes more effort, still the mountain rises higher in the end.
Also there is more to life than happiness; and other happinesses than your own may be at stake in your decisions.
But that is moot. By the time you realize you have a choice, there is no choice. You cannot unsee what you see. The other way is closed.


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Namaste to Dr. Semmelweiss, the Pioneer of Hand washing
AuthorPosted bySamrakshan IRIA
Published March 27, 20203:05 am
Updated3:06 am
Posted by Samrakshan IRIA on March 27, 2020. Updated: 3:06 am
Samrakshan is a program of Indian Radiological and Imaging Association (IRIA) that aims to reach every pregnant woman in India in order to reduce avoidable deaths of babies during pregnancy. Samrakshan, led by Dr Rijo Mathew Choorakuttil, has initiated training programs for radiologists, a data collection, documentation and evidence based analysis to share results of the program, and a multilingual health education series for pregnant women and families. Samrakshan is now starting a series on medical history with a specific focus on fetal radiology, childbirth, scientific evolution and scientific methods.
In the current times, Samrakshan feels it very appropriate to start with a Doctor who worked in child birth, used scientific methods, and brought about an impact in society by pioneering the use of hand wash as a technique to reduce disease transmission. Samrakshan presents a brief exploration of the learning from the work of Dr Ignaz Philipp Semmelweiss.
Dr. Semmelweiss was a Hungarian physician and scientist who lived in the 19th century. He is commonly recognized as one of the early pioneers of antiseptic procedures. Dr. Semmelweiss is best known for his work in peurperal fever or "childbed fever" (a fever that occurred in women during or immediately after childbirth and led to a lot of deaths among mothers), his discovery of a cause, implementation of a solution and evaluation of the results after implementation.
Puerperal fever was common in mid-19th-century hospitals and often ended in the death of the mother. Dr. Semmelweis was appointed assistant in the First Obstetrical Clinic of the Vienna General Hospital in 1846. His duties were to examine patients each morning in preparation for the professor's rounds, supervise difficult deliveries, teach students of obstetrics and be "clerk" of records. There were two maternity clinics at the Viennese hospital. The First Clinic had an average maternal mortality rate of about 10% due to puerperal fever. The Second Clinic's rate was considerably lower, averaging less than 4%. Dr. Semmelweis was severely troubled that his First Clinic had a much higher mortality rate due to puerperal fever than the Second Clinic. In fact, the mortality rate at the First Clinic was higher than even women who gave birth outside the hospital.
Working on the problem
Dr. Semmelweis decided to look at possible reasons that could explain the differences between the two clinics. The two clinics used almost the same techniques, and Dr. Semmelweis started eliminating all possible differences, including even religious practices. The only major difference between the two centers was the individuals who worked there. The First Clinic was the teaching service for medical students, while the Second Clinic had been selected in 1841 for the instruction of midwives only. The First Clinic, thus had the better medical expertise, but mortality was higher there.
Could overcrowding be the reason? Maybe more women attended the First Clinic because of the availability of better medical experts. That may have led to more deaths in the First Clinic. He excluded "overcrowding" as a cause, since the Second Clinic was always more crowded and yet the mortality was lower. He eliminated climate as a cause because the climate was the same. Almost all factors were similar for the two centers except for the people working at the two centers.
The probable cause
He got a breakthrough in 1847, following the death of his good friend Dr. Jakob Kolletschka, who had been accidentally poked with a student's scalpel while performing a post mortem examination. Dr. Kolletschka's own autopsy showed a pathology similar to that of the women who were dying from puerperal fever. Semmelweis immediately observed and proposed a connection between cadaveric contamination and puerperal fever. Medical autopsies were done only by the medical doctors and students. The midwives did not perform autopsies. Dr. Semmelweis proposed that he and the medical students were most probably carrying "cadaverous particles" on their hands from the autopsy room to the patients they examined in the First Obstetrical Clinic. This could explain why the student midwives in the Second Clinic, who were not engaged in autopsies and had no contact with corpses, saw a much lower mortality rate.
Implementing a Solution
Dr. Semmelweis decided that whatever was causing the puerperal fever was being transmitted through the hands of the doctors and medical students. He instituted a policy of using a solution of chlorinated lime (calcium hypochlorite) for washing hands between autopsy work and the examination of patients. He did this because he found that this chlorinated solution worked best to remove the putrid smell of infected autopsy tissue, and thus perhaps it would destroy the causal "poisonous" or contaminating "cadaveric" agent hypothetically being transmitted by this material.
The result was the mortality rate in the First Clinic declined 90%, and was then comparable to that in the Second Clinic. The mortality rate in April 1847 was 18.3%. After hand washing was instituted in mid-May, the rates in June were 2.2%, July 1.2%, August 1.9% and, for the first time since the introduction of anatomical orientation through autopsies, the death rate was zero in two months in the year following this discovery.
During 1848, Semmelweis widened the scope of his washing protocol, to include all instruments coming in contact with patients in labour, and used mortality rates time series to document his success in virtually eliminating puerperal fever from the hospital ward
Reaction to the results
The reaction to the results has several layers of complexity.
There was a very demonstrable fall in the mortality rates, one that could not be argued with.
However, Dr. Semmelweis's hypothesis, of only one cause, that all that one had to do was as simple as cleanliness, was considered extreme at the time, and was largely ignored, rejected, or ridiculed.
Why did this hypothesis not receive the acceptance it deserved?
Semmelweis's observations conflicted with the established scientific and medical opinions of the time.
The theory of diseases, at that time, was highly influenced by ideas of an imbalance of the basic "four humours" in the body, a theory known as dyscrasia, for which the main treatment was bloodlettings.
Medical texts at the time emphasized that each case of disease was unique, the result of a personal imbalance, and the main difficulty of the medical profession was to establish precisely each patient's unique situation, case by case.
The findings from autopsies of deceased women also showed a confusing multitude of physical signs, which emphasized the belief that puerperal fever was not one, but many different, yet unidentified, diseases.
Losing the message over the messenger
The conflict with established opinions of the time became a major stumbling block
There were several aspects in consideration.
Dr. Semmelweis was an Assistant to a Professor and the findings implied he found something that the professor did not know
The professor argued that the better results were because he had installed a better ventilation system, that addressed the miasma theory of diseases of the time.
The Medical community found it difficult to accept that they may have inadvertently been, without their knowledge, transmitting the cause of the disease.
Dr. Semmelweis was mocked, ridiculed and ostracized even though his results, in the form of maternal mortality, spoke for themselves.
Where was the message lost?
An obvious scientific explanation, consistent with the knowledge of the time, could not be offered. Several leading medical professionals felt the lack of explanation was leading back to the times of speculative medicine. A scientific explanation was only possible some decades later, when Louis Pasteur, Joseph Lister, and others further developed the germ theory of disease.
The rejection of Dr. Semmelweis's empirical observations is often traced to belief perseverance, the psychological tendency of clinging to discredited beliefs. Additionally, Semmelweis was an Assistant, a hitherto obscure scientist. To attribute such a discovery to him, recognize him for that, especially considering its impact on society was quite difficult.
Dr. Semmelweis did not publish his results for several decades. There are hypothesis that he was not fluent in the major language of conferences of the time and hence did not feel comfortable presenting his work. This was misconstrued as arrogance. Ironically, when he did publish, his work was critiqued for being poor in communication and language. Additionally, the foundational basis of his observation, the germ theory of disease could only be identified much later.
Dr. Semmelweis then became a victim of the powerful political machinations of medical leaders of the time and had to leave the First Clinic.
Further proof or Validation of his results
In 1851, Semmelweis took the relatively insignificant, unpaid, honorary head-physician position of the obstetric ward of Budapest's small Szent Rókus Hospital in Hungary. Childbed fever was rampant at the clinic. After taking over in 1851, Dr. Semmelweis virtually eliminated the disease. During 1851–1855, only eight patients died from childbed fever out of 933 births (0.85%). Didn't that disprove that the earlier results were only because the ventilation system was changed?
Several of his students published similar good results but there were also not acceptable to the medical community or Journals of the time.
Learning from the work of Dr. Semmelweis
Discoveries come from observations. Most observations are right there in front of you.
One could argue luck that Dr Semmelweis was there at the autopsy of his friend. The reality is that he was desperately searching for the cause, a desperation that led him to look at each person, each cause, each difference. He made the breakthrough because He was looking for it.
Change does not happen easily. Even when the results are in front of your eyes. The need to cling onto old beliefs, customs is high, especially if those proposing the change do not fall into the category of "elite experts"
Every observation may not conform to existing knowledge. Observations often lead to the discovery of new foundations or theories.
Important to focus on the science and to bring a sense of inclusivity rather than exclusions based on language, appearance, communication skills and other extraneous factors.
It may not bear fruit in your lifetime …but if the science is good, history will record that. You cannot keep good science down.
Some questions to reflect on.
Who would you rather be, a Semmelweis type Doctor or one of the hierarchical conformist types that sit for decades on a simple, lifesaving discovery?
Have things, in terms of maternal mortality, changed from then (1850s) to now (21st century)?
In knowledge acquisition, processing
Reactions to new knowledge, programs
Acceptance of new knowledge, processes
Choices that drive or hinder implementation of new knowledge
Solutions for the many versus solutions for the few
Priority on the common versus priority on the rare
Inclusivity of rural and semi urban, non-metro doctors and their experience and knowledge
Platforms to share
What enablers of change does medical history share with us
Fetal Radiology
Fetal well being
Samrakshan
Fetal Radiology at Different Health Care Levels in India: Challenges & Solutions
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Carol Vorderman tells how it works to date five men.
Carol Vorderman has talked about how she dates five men at the same time. Vorderman, who is 62, said on ITV's This Morning last October that she has a few "special friends" and that she has never felt "freer."
Today, Vorderman was back on This Morning with Phillip Schofield and Holly Willoughby. She said that the response to her confession "was almost universally positive" and that many women wrote to her to say that it was "liberating."
Vorderman said, "It's not brave. It's just honest." "One daughter wrote to say that her mother started to cry when she saw it. When I asked her mother why, she said, "Well, I've been divorced for so long that I feel like I've failed." Friends and family around me say, "Haven't you found anyone else to love you?" Schofield and Willoughby asked Vorderman, who has been divorced twice, how she made her special friendships. Vorderman, who said they came about "naturally," said she had been divorced twice.
She also said, "I don't want to settle with anyone." "If my life were a cake, it would have great friends, a job I love, and people who care about me. My male-female relationships are more like the frosting than the cake itself.
"Everyone's single, that's a big part of it," she said next, adding that her boyfriends are not one-night stands but that she supports people who do.
Schofield asked if the men knew each other, and Vorderman laughed and said, "They do now, but they also have their own lives." I don't ask about that at all. It's a chance."
Vorderman said she doesn't know if her dates have any other "special friends."
She said, "I'm sure they do." "But I don't bring it up with them. We don't really need to know."
The TV star decided to talk about her friends because she said, "There are a lot of people out there who live a life like mine or don't want a single partner, but they don't talk about it because society makes them feel bad about it."
"It makes me happy," she said next. "Well, are you looking for love?" people ask. But love can make you very unhappy. Isn't it enough to just be happy?"
Vorderman's comments have been well received on social media. For example, @Homebythesea12 tweeted, "Brilliant segment by Carol. I wish she'd start a podcast about love. She is very smart."
Another user, @JoanneMcF780307, said, "I just watched your interview about your "Special Friends"… good on you. It makes me feel good. I haven't seen him in five years, and I thought by now I would have met the man of my dreams. Well, I'm too happy being by myself and doing what I want."
Read Also: Broadway choreographer, Peggy Hickey died of cancer
Posted on January 24, 2023 By SYEEB UDDIN MALLICKcarol vorderman countdowncarol vorderman daughtercarol vorderman instagramcarol vorderman net worthwhat happened to carol vorderman
Broadway choreographer, Peggy Hickey died of cancer
Lana Jenkins, Love Island 2023, avoided seeing ex Owen Warner on I'm a Celebrity because it was "little odd"


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Users do not require to type user names or passwords to gain access to Microsoft Office 365 apps, including Outlook and VMware Boxer mail clients.
With VMware Workspace ONE customers get AirWatch to manage devices and Identity Manager to authenticate users. VMware's unique technology provides certificate based mobile Single-Sign-On (SSO) on iOS, Android, macOS and Windows devices.
For this article I want to focus on access to Office 365 applications, but the same applies to any SAML enabled web service with an according mobile application (example: Zendesk, Salesforce, Box, etc.).
With VMware Identity Manager administrators entitle groups or users to gain access to Microsoft Office 365 applications. VMware AirWatch deploys the mobile apps and unique certificates to users' enrolled/entitled devices if devices meet the organization's compliance criteria.
Users activate the Microsoft Office 365 apps, by simply opening any one of them and providing their e-mail address (one time task). The device will use the unique SSL certificate to authenticate with Identity Manager and create an activation token which is used to authenticate and activate any other Office 365 applications.
This process includes the Outlook e-mail app, which means for users that they gain access to their corporate e-mails without the need for any configuration of the Outlook app.
Organizations which prefer VMware Boxer e-mail application benefit from the same seamless SSO experience for their users.
The below video demonstrates the initial application activation of freshly installed Office 365 productivity apps by using VMware Identity Manager Mobile SSO on an iOS device. The process looks the same for users on Android devices.
Without Identity Manager SSO, users would need to provide their AD/ADFS user names and passwords on initial application launch and every 90 days. With Identity Manager this authentication task is handled by the unique SSL authentication certificate.
Administrators or compliance rules can revoke this certificate in any point in time to prevent unwanted user/device access to mobile applications.
Click on the below image to start the demonstration video.


text:
Q: No closeEvent received by QMainWindows in the QApplication of a subprocess I have a main QApplication (with a single QMainWindow) which starts a sub-process running another QApplication with several QMainWindows.
These QMainWindows save their position and size when closed, as I defined in the closeEvent() method.
The problem: When I quit the main QApplication by closing its QMainWindow, the QMainWindows in the subprocess are closed without receiving a closeEvent, and consequently do not store their position and size.
The question: What is the solution ?
Thanks

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
EU overhaul of financial supervision raises questions
Joel Clark
The EC said today it would push forward with plans to create a European Systemic Risk Council (ESRC) and three new supervisory authorities to replace the committees that advise on banking, securities, and insurance and pensions.
"Better supervision of cross-border financial markets is crucial for ethical and economic reasons," said EC president José Manuel Barroso today. "The new system will help the European Union and its member states to tackle problems with cross-border firms and the build-up of overall systemic risk. I would like the new architecture up and running during 2010."
The ESRC idea was proposed earlier this year by a high-level committee chaired by former Banque de France governor Jacques de Larosière. The ESRC, to be chaired by the president of the European Central Bank (ECB) and made up predominantly of the governors of the EU's 27 national central banks, would not have legally binding powers. It would be tasked to assess and provide early warnings on possible threats to financial stability arising from macro-economic factors and developments within the financial system.
But some concern has been expressed that the ESRC would overlap with the work of the Financial Stability Board (FSB), whose mandate was strengthened after the April meeting of the Group of 20 leading economies in London. "In an ideal world, the FSB would be the global body in charge of this, but we don't live in an ideal world," said Patrik Karlsson, policy director for EU affairs at the British Bankers' Association. "The EU is a strong regional bloc and we have to understand the political need for improvements to be made at the European level as well."
UK market participants have also expressed concern about the ESRC being chaired by the ECB, as it could cause a shift of focus away from London, which is not part of the eurozone. "It's important for the focus to be truly EU-wide and not just eurozone-centric - that's very important for the City of London," said Karlsson.
The ESRC would also include observers from national regulators and the chairs of three new European supervisory authorities, which would collectively form the European System of Financial Supervisors under the EC proposals. Those three authorities would replace the existing committees - the Committee of European Banking Supervisors, the Committee of European Insurance and Occupational Pensions, and the Committee of European Securities Regulators -which effectively act as advisory bodies to the EC under the current framework.
"In spite of a number of improvements to these committees, the EU cannot remain in a situation where there is no mechanism to ensure national supervisors arrive at the best possible supervisory decisions for cross-border institutions; where there is insufficient co-operation and information exchange between national supervisory authorities... [and] where national solutions are most often the only feasible option in responding to European problems," said the EC.
The three new authorities would have more defined legal powers and would be mandated to improve the supervision of cross-border institutions by developing common supervisory requirements and settle any disputes between national supervisors, with the ability to overrule them when necessary.
But some have expressed cynicism about the feasibility of the proposal. "The real test of whether it will succeed is the ability of the new authorities to really influence and control the style and standard of regulation around Europe," said John Tattersall, partner in the financial services regulatory practice at PricewaterhouseCoopers. "Of course we have to accept that national governments will want to retain direct supervision of their own institutions, given that they could be responsible for bailing them out. But consistent standards are very important."
Others express misgivings about whether the new authorities should really be able to overrule individual supervisors. "We acknowledge that this is set out as a last-resort option, but we'd still question whether it is appropriate for the authorities to resolve disagreement between national supervisors," says Karlsson. "It could undermine them and make situations worse if decisions are not based on a proper understanding of local conditions."
The EC's proposals will need the endorsement of EU leaders when they meet at the European Council in June. If they give the green light, the EC will draft formal legislative proposals later this year.
See also: De Larosiere calls for ECB to lead European macro supervision
British Bankers' Association
European Commission (EC)
More on Regulation
EU firms face margin threat as Brexit tips futures into OTC regime
US banks fear Q1 stress capital buffer reset
Investors eager for next round of China financial reforms


text:
Q: Post JSON array to mvc controller I'm trying to post a JSON array to an MVC controller. But no matter what I try, everything is 0 or null.
I have this table that contains textboxes. I need from all those textboxes it's ID and value as an object.
This is my Javascript:
$(document).ready(function () {

    $('#submitTest').click(function (e) {

        var $form = $('form');
        var trans = new Array();

        var parameters = {
            TransIDs: $("#TransID").val(),
            ItemIDs: $("#ItemID").val(),
            TypeIDs: $("#TypeID").val(),
        };
        trans.push(parameters);

        if ($form.valid()) {
            $.ajax(
                {
                    url: $form.attr('action'),
                    type: $form.attr('method'),
                    data: JSON.stringify(parameters),
                    dataType: "json",
                    contentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8",
                    success: function (result) {
                        $('#result').text(result.redirectTo)
                        if (result.Success == true) {
                            return fase;
                        }
                        else {
                            $('#Error').html(result.Html);
                        }
                    },
                    error: function (request) { alert(request.statusText) }
                });
        }
        e.preventDefault();
        return false;
    });
});

This is my view code:

            trans
            Item
            Type

        @foreach (var t in Model.Types.ToList())
        {
            {

                    <input type="hidden" value="@t.TransID" id="TransID" />
                    <input type="hidden" value="@t.ItemID" id="ItemID" />
                    <input type="hidden" value="@t.TypeID" id="TypeID" />

           }
        }

This is the controller im trying to receive the data to:
[HttpPost]
public ActionResult Update(CustomTypeModel ctm)
{

   return RedirectToAction("Index");
}

What am I doing wrong?

A: There is another simpler way: using Query String to send your data. If you got intrested,
your current approach is wrong because the JSON array data type is string not CustomTypeModel.
First of all, remove the data ajax option. We don't need that anymore.
Second, change your controller like the following:
[HttpPost]
public ActionResult Update(string json)
{
    // this line convert the json to a list of your type, exactly what you want.
    IList<CustomTypeModel> ctm =
         new JavaScriptSerializer().Deserialize<IList<CustomTypeModel>>(json);

    return RedirectToAction("Index");
}

Note1: It's important that names of your CustomTypeModel properties be the same as what you enter as the JSON elements. So, your CustomTypeModel should be like this:
public class CustomTypeModel
{
    // int, or maybe string ... whatever you want.
    public int TransIDs { get; set; }
    public int ItemIDs { get; set; }
    public int TypeIDs { get; set; }
}

Note2: This approach is useful when you want to send the data through query strings. So, your url can be like this:
url: '/controller/action?json=' + JSON.stringify(trans)

A: There are lots of issues with your code. Let's start with the markup. You have a table and inside each row of this table you are including hidden fields. Except that you have hardcoded the id attribute of those hidden elements meaning that you could potentially end up with multiple elements with the same id in your markup which results in invalid markup.
So let's start by fixing your markup first:
@foreach (var t in Model.Types.ToList())
{

            <input type="hidden" value="@t.TransID" name="TransID" />
            <input type="hidden" value="@t.ItemID" name="ItemID" />
            <input type="hidden" value="@t.TypeID" name="TypeID" />

}

Alright, now you have valid markup. Now let's move on to the javascript event which will be triggered when some submitTest button is clicked. If this is the submit button of the form I would recommend you subscribing to the .submit event of the form instead of the .click event of its submit button. The reason for this is because a form could be submitted for example if the user presses the Enter key while the focus is inside some input field. In this case your click event won't be triggered.
So:
$(document).ready(function () {
    $('form').submit(function () {
        // code to follow

        return false;
    });
});

Alright, next comes the part where you need to harvest the values of the hidden elements which are inside the table and put them into a javascript object that we will subsequently JSON serialize and send as part of the AJAX request to the server.
Let's go ahead:
var parameters = [];
// TODO: maybe you want to assign an unique id to your table element
$('table tr').each(function() {
    var td = $('td', this);
    parameters.push({
        transId: $('input[name="TransID"]', td).val(),
        itemId: $('input[name="ItemID"]', td).val(),
        typeId: $('input[name="TypeID"]', td).val()
    });
});

So far we've filled our parameters, let's send them to the server now:
$.ajax({
    url: this.action,
    type: this.method,
    data: JSON.stringify(parameters),
    contentType: 'application/json; charset=utf-8',
    success: function (result) {
        // ...
    },
    error: function (request) {
        // ...
    }
});

Now let's move on to the server side. As always we start by defining a view model:
public class MyViewModel
{
    public string TransID { get; set; }
    public string ItemID { get; set; }
    public string TypeID { get; set; }
}

and a controller action that will take a collection of this model:
[HttpPost]
public ActionResult Update(IList<MyViewModel> model)
{
    ...
}

And here's the final client side code:
$(function() {
    $('form').submit(function () {
        if ($(this).valid()) {
            var parameters = [];
            // TODO: maybe you want to assign an unique id to your table element
            $('table tr').each(function() {
                var td = $('td', this);
                parameters.push({
                    transId: $('input[name="TransID"]', td).val(),
                    itemId: $('input[name="ItemID"]', td).val(),
                    typeId: $('input[name="TypeID"]', td).val()
                });
            });

            $.ajax({
                url: this.action,
                type: this.method,
                data: JSON.stringify(parameters),
                contentType: 'application/json; charset=utf-8',
                success: function (result) {
                    // ...
                },
                error: function (request) {
                    // ...
                }
            });
        }
        return false;
    });
});

Obviously if your view model is different (you haven't shown it in your question) you might need to adapt the code so that it matches your structure, otherwise the default model binder won't be able to deserialize the JSON back.

A: I think you doing thing's in a bit wrong manner for MVC world.
If you have a proper model for binding your data with - you better using helpers going from the box instead of using "handmade" JavaScript. Take a look to HtmlHelper or AjaxHelper if you need async calls.
And bind you data to model using @Html.TextBoxFor() notation inside @Html.BeginForm block That will simplify your code much and reduce amount of javascript, which is much better for maintenance.
On the server part you need to implement custom model binder and change settings to make handle request for current controller action via your model binder. It will take you to write some serverside code, but statically typed code looks easier to code and test or me, and it's better suit or your application needs, because I prefer JavaScript doing things it should do = > managing UI, but not constructing model for correct parsing on the serverside. It's better suit for single responsibility principle.
See this video, this is simple tutorial how to do that


This week, some ideas to debug and monitor your 6502-based system.
Interesting links to some sites explaining how to build the hardware side, including PCB design and creation: This week, some ideas to debug and monitor your 6502-based system.
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