text:
Mildred Loving's Grandson Reveals She Didn't Identify, and Hated Being Portrayed, as Black American
by Elle D. • Nov 3, 2016
via Biography.com
The movie 'Loving,' scheduled to be released this Friday, tells the story of an interracial couple in Virginia whose court case declared Virginia's Racial Integrity Act unconstitutional. Richard Loving, a white man, married Mildred Jeter in violation of Virginia law, and the movie portrays her as a black woman.
However, Mark Loving, who was raised by his grandmother, claims that there is no evidence of her having black ancestry, but rather that she had Native American roots. NBC reports Mark's explanation of his grandmother's identity:
"I know during those times, there were only two colors: white and blacks," said Loving. "But she was Native American, both of her parents were Native American. Mark says his grandmother always identified as Rappahannock Indian. If you doubt him, look no further than Richard and Mildred's original D.C. marriage license, which is available online from the Smithsonian. It clearly reads, Richard Perry Loving — white — Mildred Delores Jeter — Indian.
The marriage license is below:
via Smithsonian Magazine
Furthermore, Time reported that in a 2008 interview with Arica L. Colman, Loving blatantly stated that she was not black.
"I am not black," she told me during a 2004 interview. "I have no black ancestry. I am Indian‐Rappahannock. I told the people so when they came to arrest me."
via Richmond.com
These revelations raise several questions. If you look at Mildred Loving, most would automatically assume she is a black woman. While the myth that many African Americans have significant Native American ancestry has been debunked (Science reported that the average African American has only 0.8% Native American ancestry), it is reported that Loving's parents were both part Native American, specifically Rappahannock and Cherokee. But every resource detailing the infamous marital court case includes African American in Loving's ancestry as well. When she and her husband met as teens, Loving was attending an all‐black school.
It seems confusing, and perhaps disappointing, that Loving does not claim her black ancestry, given that at the time, both African Americans and Native Americans faced harsh racism. And many see Mildred as a strong Civil Rights activist of the time due to her and her husband's nine year court battle to be legally married. But what's even more confusing is why Hollywood would choose to erase her Native American ancestry when she identified with it so strongly.
The official website for "Loving" (quoted below) summarizes the film without blatantly stating the race of either Richard Loving or Mildred Jeter, but many sites covering the movie clearly describe Richard as white and Mildred as black.
From acclaimed writer/director Jeff Nichols, Loving celebrates the real‐life courage and commitment of an interracial couple, Richard and Mildred Loving (Joel Edgerton and Ruth Negga), who married and then spent the next nine years fighting for the right to live as a family in their hometown. Their civil rights case, Loving v. Virginia, went all the way to the Supreme Court, which in 1967 reaffirmed the very foundation of the right to marry – and their love story has become an inspiration to couples ever since.
Could it be that Hollywood finds a more black and white (figuratively and literally) story more appealing, or was it an oversight? Or, could it be that the film will at least mention Mildred's Native American ancestry?
Mark Loving also stated that if she were alive today, his grandmother would "be insulted that she was racially profiled as someone she wasn't." That seems a bit harsh and hints at anti‐black undertones, especially since it has been revealed that the Cherokee tribe was part of group that adopted the colonial practice of slavery.
So BGLH readers, what are your thoughts on these recent finding regarding the love story of Mildred Jeter and Richard Loving? Do you plan on seeing the film?
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cryssi
It's an interesting bit of information, but both of these people are dead and gone.
Bluey
Side eye to Mrs Loving. There is obviously a bit of denial here, for whatever reason. I'd love to see Henry Louis Gates look at her ancestry.
The interesting thing here is that Native Americans were originally Black people exiled from what is now India in Asia 16,000 years ago. After the Yellow race settled into many parts of East Asia and SE Asia, they came over the Bering Strait and across the Pacific to conquer and mix with them. Producing the people we call Amerindians, etc. today. Any genetic testing will not complete show what is Black African, what is Asian Indian, nor what is Asian today.
C. Johns Gray
Mrs. Loving was part Rappahannock, but she had Black blood too. That's not unusual in this part of Va., and neither is her attitude. My grandparents on both sides claimed the very same thing. I did my 23andme test, but I was only 9% Native American.
TWA4now
I would like to see the movie. They should've plainly stated her race and not as black in spite of her looks.
A.P. Millz-CT
Both her parents were Rappahannock Indian.
Or so she said. Where are the documents identifying ethnicity at birth
It's on her birth certificate.. LOL
La Bandita
Nope it just means she was born/raised on a reservation. She could easily have gotten tax breaks and money from the land. But she would've had to do a Dan test. She didn't.
That's not the way things work with Virginia tribes. We don't have any reservation OR citizenship rights(as it pertains to a treaty). Our ancestors were enslaved before the Africans got here. That only applies to The 5 Civilized Nations. Here your ancestors MUST be from very specific families who lived together in communities(not reservations) isolated from most of society. We were once classified as Negroes and Mulattos, but our tribes did intermarry with the Free Colored Mulattos
Yes, I know that now.
Part Rappahannock, she has black too
OttawaGirl
Puhlease, the woman was black. Maybe she had some self‐hatred but there's no hiding that she was black as you and me. *Kisses teeth*
Pat Hardiesty
The One Drop Rule may have played a part here. However, her Native Ancestry would have been appropriate IF she had been raised in the tribe. She was not practicing self hatred. In fact, Down South, if a baby was born of Indian Blood, often the midwife would have to write,"Negro" or lose her license.
That woman has no Indian hair. Its black and kinky
Itumeleng
Exactly. Probably permed or used a hot iron to straighten it before her hubby got up every morning to keep up the 'I'm mixed' lie. Honestly, black women like her make me sick. Clearly the self hatred has filtered through to her next generation if her grandson is wearing that native american choker you can buy for cheap probably at Walmart,as if its proof they are native American. SMDH
Aboriginal..ndians had varied textures of hair
I have actually met Black Indians traveling with their tribes who have kinky hair. And they are Indian. If you pass them on the street, you would not think anything but Black, but they are Indian and their tribe recognizes them as such. This, I have seen
In the documentary (The Loving Story, 2011) I've watched about the couple it was said she grew up on the Indian reservation, if I remember correctly.
I saw their story some years ago, and I believe she and he grew up within a mile of each other and the families were friends. If she had grown up on the rez, she would have had to attend school on the rez and he would have be prohibited from attending there
I'll have to double check, but even if the lived close to each other they still could have gone to different school (segregation).
Gosh! I'm glad someone said it.
candice roma
Ruth Negga, the woman depicting her in the movie is multiracial. She's ethiopian and Irish. So I don't think they are ignoring Mildred's multiracial background. It's actual this article that is ignoring Negga's racial makeup.
Cousin of the Child's Mother
I thought about it. BUt they did a made for TV movie and had an episode of without a trace about them. And she sounds rather anti‐Black so I'm not interested.
blindie
I agree. I get the feeling that she is trying to disassociate with her obvious black heritage. Although I understand the climate of that time period, no thanks!
Ontell Kwisatz Haderach Babbit
chile cheese .…look at her hair .….….….….….….….….….….…
I've NEVER seen an Indian with a press n curl!
Octavia Hope Cee
This is news to me as an Africology major, soooo I feel like, it's great to hear it now if that is how she truly identified. However, I've learned for soooo long that this was a ground breaking case for blacks and whites, I assuming her to be a lighter skinned black woman. I honestly feel that it doesn't change much of the story. It just challenges us to interrogate further the information that we receive. I'll be there watching the movie as planned. Interesting that we are finding out as #NODAPL is trending…
And you know, a lot of light‐skinned Blacks look like her or resemble her.
I'd recommend watching "The Loving Story" a 2011 documentary about the case. From what Remember it is said that she grew up on an Indian reservation. The photos and video interviews with the Lovings during their trial. I'd watch that (bought the documentary) before watching the movie.
Justice S
This proves my point if you are black or brown they think you're Mexican or African.I don't know why people of color don't ban together.As far as they are considered you aren't white or Asian you must be black.
If the woman wanted to identify as something other than black, then LET HER! Why are black folks so hard up for people to join the club that we're bent on forcing people who obviously hate blackness to claim blackness? Let all those who want out of the race take a swift exit so the rest of us can deal with matters that actually BENEFIT black lives.
shawanna hamilton
science is a lie, native Indians and black people are the same, the bible tells you that, they always trying to separate us, don't believe the lie people
maximilion
Don't be ridiculous‐nowhere does the Bible say specifically what you are implying,for one they are the Indian race not the black race‐you people have to stop claiming others,if biracials are half black and not considered black to all,then Natives certainly are not.
MaLynn3
Who doesn't consider biracials black? Don't we call Obama our first black president, he's biracial.
President Obama identifies as black. It is his choice.
There are many people that call him black but also many that see him as a half,white person -the fact remains‐he isn't black but biracial,no matter what way he see's himself.
Oratilwe
The bible doesn't say anything like that…
Fun fact though, the bible does speak out against interracial/intercultural relationships ("do not marry that of a foreign land") but this was in the 1st testimont and was dome so briefly
It always amazes me how people can quickly regurgitate the nonsense of the European bible SMDH.
I take it gore o Motswana, so you must know better than that. I want Africans to emancipate themselves from the gibberish written by Europeans in order to subjugate them in their own lands. The sooner you free yourself from religion the better off you will be as a human being.
R Buck
You are not rightly dividing God's word. The prohibition against marrying foreigners was because God did not want the Israelites intermarrying with the pagan nations around them and thus worshiping the false gods/idols of those nations. It had nothing to do with God trying to prevent race mixing. And anyone who says that the Bible is the white man's book sounds ridiculous and ignorant. The Tanakh was written by Jews and so was the New Testament. Jews are middle eastern. No white man wrote that book — although people later translated it into other languages.
maybe she is native american but its also clear that shes black as well but who i am to define someone elses race?…but this story is not even a sweet love story are we gonna ignore the fact that this grown man was lusting after an 15/16 year old girl? im js.…..i really feel like hollywood is trying push black women to date interacially..i think its propaganda thats why they dont want to mention her claims of being indian nor focus on her young age.
kenyaw
Britt — how is it "clear" that she is black, when her marriage license shows she is native american/Indian? That makes not sense. I think many of us have a narrow perception of what a native american person looks like.
DiaShoni
In her letter to Robert Kennedy, she identifies herself as "part Negro and part Indian."
About a year ago, my husband, son, and I were in a car accident. My husband is white and Native American, I am black, our son is multiracial. The police asked me which race I wanted to list our son as, because they could only check one box. The marriage license listing her as "Indian" does not mean she is not Black. The option to choose more than one race is not always been available, and there are cases where it still is not.
She looks like people I know or have met that self identify as black.
justtwo post
It's not comparable. If she said she wasn't African, okay, but she is black. She has the melanin, hair texture, and phenotype.
She was 11 and he was 18. She was pregnant at 14 or 15.
uLibra
She was born in 1939 and was 18 or 19 when she got pregnant and married. You can view the 1940 census online. He was born in 1933 so he was 24 or 25 when the got married.
My grandma was sixteen when she married my granddaddy (26). Most people know that prior to the 1970's it was absolutely socially acceptable for women to marry young.
The were sweet on each other when she was 11 and he was 17. At about 14 she had a child. 6 year age difference. This was the 1960s. Not a big deal at all.
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Amanda Turner
Richard was only six years older than Mildred.
PreachdaTruth Freedom
once you realize "black" along with "race" is a social construct invented by supremacist with the intent to divide ppl through a colorist view you will begin to understand the confusion. Once Native Americans stop acting like Africans were not here living a tribal lifestyle way before European colonialism, because they want to assume land rights and exclude any other person of color the confusion will stop. Once people understand that not African Americans were brought over on slave ships and "others" and "mixed" people and cultures are used as buffers for white supremacy and it's views finding incentives to… Read more »
Noladarling
If you understand it's a social construct invented by supremacist with the intent to divide ppl through a colorist view, how can you then attack Native Americans? Aren't the supremacists ultimately to blame?
That is exactly what I just commented. People are very ignorant and need to wake up. We think we know it all but we have been raped of the truth and the more we choose not to acknowledge the more the truth is warped and we loose are rights and sense of self. Though I believe truth comes to light no matter how hard efforts are made to hide it.
There was a lot of miscegenation between Native American, Black, and White to the point that many of today's light skinned Blacks and dark skinned Blacks have Native American ancestry. Millions of White also have Native American ancestry such as Kim Basinger and Kevin Bacon and Carrie Underwood. People tend to classify you according to how you look. Yet many people have been mistaken for Asian, Native American, Hispanic who are light‐skinned Blacks. Genetics can be very tricky and just because you have African ancestry and/or Native American ancestry does not mean that you will always look a certain way.… Read more »
Every time a Black person passed for White they say they are Native or Italian. And when a White person does a dna they find out no Native or Italian blood but Black. Everyone underestimate or forgets that the Natives were whipped out across the world.
This idea that many blacks have native american ancestry has been debunked by widespread genetic testing.
Che Santos
I have lived in America for 25 years and noticed that when I meet Blacks they are always quick to point out that they are mixed with something that is not obvious when you are looking at them. It must be a heavy burden to carry around all the time hating your genetic makeup. I recently met a beautiful Black woman named Joy with a short afro and beautiful dark skin — within 30 minutes she tells me she had a white grandmother. #sad
ccangel1001
I agree, but its a topic that comes up so often. Even I'm used to explaining my genetic make‐up. Both of my parents are dark skinned and I'm light skinned. I have to explain that every times someone looks at me and says "your not black because your too light" or "your mom was fucking around and your mixed" bullshit.
maralondon
This use to happen to my brother who is light skin. The white people use to call him half breed and whilst he was on a trip in America a brother refuse to believe both of his parents are black.
separationcs
Many Whites that I meet claims "Cherokee".…
As a mixed person, we are sick and tired of one side telling us what we are. We do NOT have to choose and that does NOT mean we are ashamed; it means you and nobody else decides for us to ignore part of the beautiful mosaic that we are.
I agree. I'd say the same about West Indians here in London, UK. I've also met a very dark skinned Jamaican woman who stared at me(A Southern African) for the longest time when I stated categorically and factually that I am a 100% African blood. I guess she was confused as to why I was much lighter than her yet proud of my African roots. She proceeded to tell me about some phantom white or mixed grandmother in her family. It cracked me the hell up. I think people from slave roots have such deep inferiority complexes it very tragic.… Read more »
I have to say that with parents from the Caribbean (I hate the term West Indian) many are uneducated on the diversity of African people in general and seem to be fixated on skin tone. On the other hand you also displayed similar ignorance as she may well have had a white grandmother. My mother also dark skinned had a grandmother who was half white, it's not unusual. My cousin who's mother is white has a child who is dark skinned, same complexion as Naomi Campbell. It must look odd to people when they see the grandmother and granddaughter out… Read more »
Ok, but don't force people to see something that is not evident whatsoever. I don't give a crap whether she 'may' have a mixed grandmother(you see your own ignorance, how you still want to attach yourself to whiteness, even hypothetically) the fact is people see a dark girl and they don't a crap what her parentage is. We are judged on our appearance, period, such is the society will live in.It makes me sick when people think because of my light skin I must be mixed, its them showing their inferiority complex. The Khoisan of Southern Africa are the the… Read more »
LBell
I've lived here all my life and there are a lot of us who DON'T do that. I'm dark‐skinned, currently wearing a short 'fro, and outside of academic curiosity could care less about my non‐African ancestors. That said, like a lot of AA families, mine has branches that have more pronounced European ancestry. As one of the main historian/genealogists I can always count on at least one of my cousins asking if I've "found anything" about the white man/men who gave them their light complexion. Here's the thing though: Although we know there were at least two, we know NOTHING… Read more »
What I have found is people are very apt to point out to black people they must have nonAfrican ancestry if they have features they don't consider "black." They want to know what are you and if you say black they are not satisfied. Many people seem to feel entitled to an explanation for how people look. I know exactly who my non black ancestors were and have photos of many but that doesn't compel me to discuss it. I have an uncle who is dark while the rest of his siblings are near white in skin tone and people… Read more »
For the record I don't ask people about their race. I think its classless to do so. In Brasil (where I am from) we never ask a person their race. You may ask them what region they are from or even about their religion but not usually about their racial makeup. To offer it up on ones own makes them appear quite insecure from an outsider's opinion.
You dont ask because its based on who can pass. If you're lighter enough you win at life — that's not mych better. Colorism is wrong as well.
Saying what you are mixed is has no bearing on what people see — colorism or not. You win at life by what you define as a win. Being and doing the best that you can with the opportunities you have should count. Unfortunately most people want to define what success looks like instead of putting in the hard work it takes to be successful and letting it speak for itself. #notmypresident
I know how it works in Brazil. And I didn't say mix, I said pass — that's a big difference. If you mother is Black or Brown or mix and has a child that can pass that child's life is 100% different in Brazil and South America and the Caribe. There is no way to fake success — not long term anyway, but if you don't look like the hated group you able to use your talents (if you have them) and get helping hands along the way. If you look like the hated group you use your talents and… Read more »
Yes, this is because in America White people ask your racial make up within monents of speaking to you and try and touch your hair.
Yes black people question each other about where they are from because not all "blacks" are the same. We come from different areas of the world like other races so its a curiosity. Because of the "one drop rule" black people are considered black especially if they "look" it enough and if at anytime they try to say they are mixed they are "begging" it. Well if they are mixed then they should be proud to say it. Just like a white person can say they are french russian and irish. What's the problem in her saying she is from… Read more »
She fought for what she believed in and won…it was a win for all of us, that's the focus and that's exactly why I can't wait to see the movie. Now I must admit that I get a bit perturbed when anyone vehemently insists on being disassociated from African American ancestry HOWEVER; with my newly acquired knowledge of Native American history, struggles and survival…I don't blame the grandson for speaking out about his grandma's heritage. She made it possible for my parents to move our family to Maryland where it was not legal when I was born, sketchy at best,… Read more »
Ericka Perry
Who's to say her grandson is telling the truth. Over the years no one else has heard this from her, and she was interviewed numerous times I'm sure.
Her marriage license…
I am not talking about the marriage license. We are aware of what's on it. I was speaking on what her grandson said she said. How do we know those sentiments were hers? Because he said so? Her marriage license doesn't automatically infer she had any issues with her being called something she was not, as she lived for years after and we never heard of any disparagind remarks until now, after her death.
It's in the article. She said she wasn't black in the interview.
CeeCee77
How was Hollywood expected to know when so many of us didn't? And as to why? Duh, capital gains far outweigh critical acclaim and they certainly override the truth in the entertainment industry, anyway. As for Mrs. Loving, who are we to say? And it most certainly isn't fair to condemn her as self‐hating or prejudiced when she only wanted to be recognized for who she believed she was.
Personally who cares? Black or Indian the case was won and changed history.
TinyTim
Wake up people. There are more than 2 colors, black and white. There is much diversity inbetween. They should have features her true heritage in this movie. It would have been interesting to understand this native tribe that I've never heard of
If true‐it would be sad now but back then,she probably had more rights in claiming her herself Native American, you have to remember people were denied hospital treatment if they were black,billie holidays father died back then for this very reason.-its quite clear she has black in her and they wouldn't have gave her the status of being a Native back then anyway when Natives sure would not claim her.the one drop of black blood ruled then and she does look black.
I'm sure the situation varied from place to place. I spoke to a Choctaw woman who told me what her family went through during Jim Crow not living on a reservation. They had to go to the back door of every business just like black people. And were treated like crap by whites just like blacks. She also said there were three schools in her community. One black. One white. One NA. The black and white went to 12th grade but the NA only went to 8th. So being NA there meant you had no opportunity to get a high… Read more »
Well,look at the situation today,these people who are the indigenous folk of America‐the country which does NOT belong to the white but to the natives through heritage,have been driven out of society and so their population has lessened which is sad‐nobody today,I believe is speaking out about this as Caucasians have once again took over and colonized a country as their own.
It seems back in the day,that anyone with a hint of brown to their skin suffered the same fate.
VoiceofReason
Just demonstrates that race as a social construct is stupid due to the ambiguity and, reiterates that race is distinct from ethnicity. If you are not white, it makes you "other," and the Commonwealth of Virginia had anti‐miscegenation laws and based on societal norms regarding race, prosecuted them for breaking the law. I guess it was okay there to lay up with black women (Thomas Jefferson) and have mix‐raced children but do not dare marry them.
lucybu
There is in existence a 60 minutes interview Ed Bradley conducted with Lena Horne where she said her family identified as black because it was safer than admitting you were Indian.
No way was Lena Native American. I know some of her relatives. Another deluded black woman. Never saw her cast as a NA in a western, did ya'?
No but I've never seen a Native American woman cast either. You must only know her African American relatives as she was also European American & Native American on both sides of her family.
Obviously she had European blood. Lena Horne was NOT majority Native American. Ed Bradley should have called her on it but of course, he was not a hard hitter and that was not his style. Her cousin never spoke of Lena having NA blood. Perhaps she did, but more than likely she was just mixed with European. Her nose job also purposely made her look less black.
So where did the surname 'Jeter' come from? That is my father's last name but with a G.
I'm sure that's a french name. It means to throw.
Samantha Sophia
Couldn't they just complete an ancestry.com or genetic ancestry test…
They did she's 83.2% African and no Native by the grandsons account. HE has all the Native blood at 11% hence the Walmart Native choker.
I laughed so hard at "the Walmart Native choker". No disrespect to the grandson.
This is very interesting. To me, this matters not (other than the woman was not able to self‐identify, like so many of us still). This couple changed so many lives for the better.
Nikki S
When we were researching our family genealogy, we knew the names of most of ournative ancestors, but we wanted pictures, if any could be found. What we saw was everything we imagined America could aspire to be: an entire conglomerate of people ranging from the darkest black to the palest white and everything in between. Native sisters, one married white, The other a black man with a very dark complexion who was my great, great grandfather. Nobody saw color the way the white man did and it was beautiful. Yes, Mildred Loving was a black woman with native heritage. But… Read more »
NativeNuYorker
Beautifully written and so honest and true. Thank yo!
That is so sad and I hate it. The black race is gonna die soon because of so much self hatred and fetish of lightskin babies. smh
So very true, Riak. We will be bred out of existence within the next 4 or 5 generations. The media is pushing this so that whites will retain power. They have continued to find ways to divide and conquer us and we have not stood strong. Weak, insecure black men are particularly vulnerable to this calculated manipulation. Mixed people will largely marry lighter and whiter. Black looking black people will become rare and those left will be marginalized by white looking mixed people. These people will deny or minimalize their black heritage and consider themselves white, except of course when… Read more »
Octavia Latsb
We "light skinned babies" didn't apply for the position anymore than you applied for yours. So stop hating.
As far as I'm concerned, the death of race will be a blessing. I'm sick of it. Race has always been a lie and after 400 yrs it's time people stop buying into it.
Well ssomeone's had a bad day. No one said anything about what you just rambled on about so please leave.
The subtext running through all these protestations from biracials is that they should no longer have to deal with the "burden" of being perceived as black. This is further complicated by the fact that there are many blacks who are not technically "biracial" but who look far whiter than many people with one black and one white parent. Soooo…where exactly does the black race begin and end? Biracials clearly are moving towards being considered another race entirely. Where does that leave their black parent?
All the more reason for her son to be honest about their heritage. Mildred Loving is not the only woman of that era who suffered. Many more who could have passed for pure white chose to stand with their brothers and sisters and live their lives as proud BLACK people‐not white, not mixed, not "multiracial."
ImpeccableWoman
She's clearly mixed with African ancestry. Her internalized racism is disgusting.
What do you mean clearly? So cause she's light brown, she automatically has African ancestry? Indigenous people have brown skin as well. Jim Crow denied people in so many ways. The ability to claim who they really were is one of them. Why perpetuate that system of hate which worked so hard to make non‐white people feel inferior?
Her features look African American. She looks like a typical AA with some non black admixture
The typical AA is full of non‐black admixture. There really isn't a typical look.
Maybe it's the press n curl… Just sayin…
TheDiva
How is she clearly mixed with African ancestry? I haven't been able to locate any concrete info on her parents nor am I aware of a DNA test being done so all we have is conjecture. Mrs. Loving even gave contradictory info.
Her hair texture and facial features would indicate that she was primarily black. If you look at many photos of her, it is obvious. Perhaps, she had some Native American in her, perhaps not. It was almost an obsession with blacks of the time to try to minimize their black heritage by claiming NA blood. As I said in an earlier post, if it's that big of a deal to her son, he should take a DNA test. Looks to me like denial runs in her family. The long, straight black hair that many of us were led to believe… Read more »
Her dna test said 83.2% African and no native blood.
That's my dna test that was 83% African, and it is 2% East Asian and Native American. East Asian is a part of the Native American genome at 23andme. It's East Asian AND Native American as a single grouping. They're not separate. My grandmother is the one who is 11%. The number reduces with each generation
BTW, this OP is talking about Mildred Loving, not my gramma
Yes, that's who I was talking about as well. But then you said, you don't know me, which was weird, but sorry.
Her mother's(Musiel Byrd Jeter) family is from the Rappahannock tribe
Taalour
Honestly, the story isn't' even that interesting. This was the era of Jim Crow that's how it was. It was stupid and ridiculous at that time yes, but at least they made a good film, why complain about the actress being "black" when your grandma was half black? I just don't get it
TMW
He is saying she wan't half black, she wasn't black at all just a mix of different native american nations
She was 83.2% African, so internalized self hatred wins.
Autochthonous One
Our Peoples were only labeled as "black" by the colonizers. WE are the original aborigenes, misnomered as native American…even Native American is derogatory and a misnomer. The Creatress did not make us crayons, that is the Albions attempt to regulate what they have no control of to make himself feel better…BTW, they exist as so‐called White only on paper, as do those who call themselves so‐called black. Those are international statuses that have been switched over here. Those who are inherently "White" in status have been labeled as "Black". Even Pres. Obama stated live on the air for Joyner not… Read more »
You sound delusional. We are not indigenous Americans. We are Africans.
This could easily be solved by Mark taking a DNA test. It is amazing what these tests reveal. All my life I was told that my paternal grandfather was part Creek out of Alabama. He totally looked the part, but…Nope. Not. A. Single. Drop. Mildred was in de' Nile. The vast majority of US blacks are mixed with overseer blood from the British Isles. I will NOT go to see this film for more reasons than I could explain here. Love who you want, but understand that in 4 or 5 generations, we'll be right back where we started. The… Read more »
She did 83.2% African.
HBH
It was safer to say you were just indigenous and not black in some areas at this time, unfortuneately it sounds like that narrative became a part of her identity, and turned into internalized racism.
Correct. Once all the Natives were killed and no longer a threat it's safer to say Indian, because now Black was the major threat.
Nichella
I think sometimes I believe much is made of nothing. Whether or not Ms. Jeter identified as Black does not minimize the meaning of her stand. I do believe that Blacks / African -Americans should really begin to encourage bi‐racial or multi‐racial people to identify as such and refraining from policing them in any way. At the end of the day, why is it the responsibility of African Americans to encourage, confront, or question the identity of bi‐racial or multi‐racial "black" people? It's 2016, you know who I care about Black American or African American females period.…they are my concern… Read more »
dazzlingdame
This is pretty easy to debunk. If you watch the documentary of the same name, she actually says that she is "part Indian".
She doesn't erase her blackness, but she clearly IDed more with that heritage since she was raised as such.
Her town was typical Appalachia. A black, white Indian mix. Don't judge her using a modern lens.
The Indians in the Applachia were all killed by White people. In that area now with DNA testing most of the Blacks claiming Indian blood had none or 2%. It's like the Dominicans claiming Tiano Indian — they were all killed. There is some in Puerto Rico in people's blood — 10%. But 0% in Dominican Republic.
What makes you think those black with Indian blood stayed? Plus she was probably part of the Melungeons.
Either way what does it matter anyway. The law was passed.
The Black Indian stayed — from history — you can look it up having worked the land from all those generations. The land wasn't going to work itself. And the White people weren't going to do the work. Also most of the Black had White blood. There were no Indian blood to get. Once the government wanted the land back after the Black Americans had worked it for generations they used the dna tests to take it from them. And there were no living Natives to claim the land. The built housing on it that was then and is now… Read more »
Wrong, you obviously don't know anything about us. My grandmother and I took a dna test. Her numbers are on the left
Sub‐Saharan African	83.2%	51.3%
European	13.7%	36.6%
East Asian & Native American	2.0%	10.9%
Middle Eastern & North African	0.4%	0.2%
Unassigned	0.6%	1.0%
I am wrong about not knowing you personally, lol.
So she's 83% African & 2% East Asian so.… no Native Blood. You're 51% Black (half Black) and 11% native.
Proves my point why you guys didnt get the native land your great grandparents lived on and worked on, which is unfair.
Proves internalized racism also as she's 83% African.
His results are on the left, I believe. Not his grandmother's. I think he mistyped.
That makes more sense. He has none. And she has 11% Native Blood.
My grandmother is the one who is 11%, which means her grandmother was 1/4. Don't need you riding in here telling me how illegal immigrants are the real Native Americans as if being part African cancels anything. As a Latino you're part European(and Black likely), so does that negate your claims? Your Native ancestry if you have any has no bearing in the USA, only south OF it
I not saying that, I am saying why is it sooo bad being African. It's like everything is better then Black. I am Afro Latinx. Heavy on the Afro part. I am not chasing down Native or European ancestors and my husband is Black.
So I misread your comment from the phone. Sorry…
Yep, I live in the Blue Ridge Mountains, and we are tri‐racial descendants of several generations of Free Colored People. FCP included Native Americans in Virginia, and they definitely mixed all the way through NC into upper SC
My grandmother and I both took(numbers on the left are mine) a dna test…
European 13.7%	36.6%
East Asian & Native American 2.0%	10.9%
Since your grandma had African ancestry why did she deny that she was black?
You'll have to dig her up and ask her.
Ce-Ce
A few years ago there was a documentary called the "The Loving Story" and it was stated that Mrs. Loving was "part Indian" but was considered Black or African American woman. The Documentary was filmed in real time. I personally enjoyed the documentary because they seemed to love each other so…much and it also made me realize how much white people were taught to hate people of different races. Remember racism/hate is taught, you are not born with hatred in your heart.
Okay but on the real though. America is one of the few countries where people who have both black and white ancestory aren't offered their own identities. For example, some countries — like south africa‐ offer those who have 'mixed roots' different identities they can align themselves with if they choose from "biracial", "coloured" and "Cape malay" (please note that the latter is considered politically incorrect by some communities as it has been shown that this group of people don't have roots in Malaysia alone but all over Asia and east africa) these three groups who share black and white… Read more »
It's relevant to note that apartheid South Africa banned interracial marriage, so mixed race people were against the law and called "coloureds". Black South Africans were arrested for having mixed babies and the babies taken away from them to live in their own colony. So most "coloureds" grew up in another level of segregation, were rather rare to come across, and were unfamiliar to most of the black population. (South African comedian Trevor Noah jokes that most people thought he was albino, not mixed, and notes that he couldn't walk down the street with both or either of his parents… Read more »
Ahh
When I read the Nigerian part I thought that it sounds so similar to Ghana. When a bi‐racial person is seen in Ghana they are really SEEN. And in the best way possible. They receive preferential treatment. We also tend to call them half‐caste though the term seems to be going away. They also clearly see themselves as Ghanaians and are quite proud as well. I believe it has got to do with the Ghanaian nature of inclusiveness and patriotism. We just love accepting all people. We treat visitors like kings or queens and white people love it when they… Read more »
AfroCapricornette
Lol memories. This is what I've been explaining to non‐Africans (AA) about being bi or mulit‐racial in Africa. They are not forced to pick one side because they are both and we recognize them as 50/50 but they wholly embrace their African ethnicity (whatever it is).
I know Coloured SAs in England and they prefer to talk about their Dutch ancestors before they discuss their African identity. My brother use to work with one guy who happens to have darker skin than him has white on his passport.
chew chew smack smack
It's an old system called the "one drop rule", meant to discourage people from "dirtying" the white bloodline.
obviously because it was so ingrained for such a long time, it still has effects today and so people still think in terms of that. it makes an odd sort of contradiction with mixed kids being brought out of the fields during the slave days though.
South Africans didn't really have a choice in the matter. The government categorized you
Oh, yes but I mean societal as well as legislative x. The government didn't/doesn't have "biracial" or even "cape coloured/malay" on any forms but if a south African identifies this way, we don't make a fuss. provision for this has been made on legal documents too (under "other" which makes me twitch a little but it's still there) x
I saw the original documentary. The native Indians on that land were all killed. The Blacks were pushed onto the land because of segregation or from working the land. White men go at night and have babies w/the black little girls — leaving them w/mix races babies some times up to 12 kids. Once the Native Indians got reprorations they began doing dna test and most blacks that claim Native blood just had White and Black blood. She got Indian on her birth certificate because of the land. Her family lived in poverty, she could've claim native blood for tax… Read more »
Remember this, she was 11 when he started seeing her. So she formed an attachment to him. The other little Black girls would run away and hide. The Blacks and mixed race on the reservation thought she was crazy for willingly sleep w/him. She pushed for marriage to ligitamize their relationship. She spent her entire relationship convincing him she wasnt Black.
howwedoit
Wow so she was being raped by him? Sickening. There is always a darker tale to tell from these stories.
I won't say raped. Soon Yi doesn't believe she was raped by Woody Allen. They were groomed by their men. But remember he was not woke and she spent lots of time denouncing blackness and being the 'Good" Black. He was an alcoholic and couldn't keep a job, which he blamed on having a Black wife in the court documents.
Could leave a source where it states she was only 11? I hit up the BIO channel write up and clearly state she met him in high school. Wow.
In the original docu — he met her when she was 11. He use to hang around the reservation w/her older brother — he was 18. No natives on the reservation — all dead just many, many mixed race children. He knocked her up in high school.
I think it is wrong to act like we know for sure what her ancestry is and then use that to make an anti‐African case. Documentaries are great and all but that can't be used to confirm her ancestry. We definitely can't just look at her photo to tell as that is beyond ignorant. I know some black ppl want to pounce on anything they deem anti‐African but sometimes it's an overreaction. We don't have the necessary facts and we are making assumptions based on hearsay, conflicting information, and our own bias. How many ppl "just knew" their ancestry until… Read more »
Do the research. No one cares if she's mixed or not — that's not the issue. At the time of her youth EVERYONE was claiming Indian heritage. How did that stop? Dna testing. And most White's that claim Cherokee or Italian really had a Black person that was passing as White — so had 7% to 20% Black blood. No Indian in their blood either. The natives were KILLED by the Whites all over the world. Lastly, that actor Don Cheadle claimed Native blood and he was 100% African AND the natives kept his people as indenture servants to work… Read more »
Taliba
Whether or not she saw herself as Black; she definitely had some African American ancestry. Also, the Whites saw her as Black which is why she had to fight to have their marriage recognized. However, I wouldn't "force" her to be Black in this day and age. In fact, I no longer want to see the movie since she was so "anti‐Black". However, remember a lot of Blacks in those days were self‐hating and wanted to claim any ancestry other than their African American heritage.
Maybe because this is a "black hair" site, I look at hair. Forgive me, if she was Indian, it was very little. Could it have been possible, like so many blacks at the time…she did not want to be, what you can clearly tell.…that she's black.
She descends from the Byrd(her mother's maiden name) family, which is definitely Rappahannock Indian where she comes from. That's not to say she isn't part Black, but she definitely has some non‐Black characteristics.
"Several much‐worn specimens
from Rappahannock show that the type
is identical with that known from the
Pamunkey and the other Powhatan allies.
One of these was obtained from the Byrd
family near Central Point;"
https://archive.org/stream/rappahannockindi00spec/rappahannockindi00spec_djvu.txt
lagye
the original native americans were black.. (black skin)
fromanotherplanet
Hoteps read bglh now?? Mess.
Stop. Such lies.
Milos Mom
Hmmmm.… Hollywood f*cked it up again. Surprise, surprise. The movie would have been interesting with its genuine storyline rather than a "cleaned up" one.
annebeth66
She is from Virginia and I'm from West Virginia, where there was a lot of race mixing going on for centuries. Most Blacks from here are actually "tri‐racial isolates" that are a mixture of Black, White and Indian. In an area where all "people of color" are mixed, your actual identify is connected to the family/community that reared you. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chestnut_Ridge_people
I am so sick of black people using the "race mixing" tag to camouflage self‐hate. GIRL, GONE. Bye.
Sao Pooh
Well said!!!
Yep, me too. There are whole communities of people like her. It was not unusual for them to deny having any Black ancestry. The case of the Va. official; Walter Plecker sought to label ALL Virginia Indians as Black. Even some of my ancestors were included. Virginia is STEEPED in that kind of history were Native Americans were also slaves and later around 1680 Free Colored People. " January 1943 Local Registrars, Physicians, Health Officers, Nurses, School Superintendents, and Clerks of the Courts Dear Co‐workers: Our December 1942 letter to local registrars, also mailed to the clerks, set forth the… Read more »
The other side is many Whites who say they have Native blood really just having Black blood and no Native.
I looked up some articles and they described her as being of European, African and Native American descent. I have read where she is quoted as saying she is part black.
Audrs
Not sure the relevance and connection of the last idea. I'm talking about the undertones of anti‐blackness in Mark Loving's statement about his grandmother and its relationship with the "Cherokee tribe". Referring to this line "…it has been revealed that the Cherokee tribe was part of group that adopted the colonial practice of slavery" I'm confused because the Rappahannock tribe are being slumped together with the "Cherokee tribe", which erases their sovereignty as an autonomous group and therefore their existence as a distinct culture, something that Rappahannock descendants like Mildred are proud of. Most people would agree that it is… Read more »
LOL. Poor swirl community. They were really looking forward to commemorating this woman #dead
HerMajesty
She sure looks black
Most definitely…
taureanz
She obviously had at least some African ancestry, most likely some European, and some Native American, a real mix. Just sad that some people have denied their African ancestry.
My grandmother told to me stories of "passing" blacks in our family who moved north (even to Canada) from the south and never looked back or contacted family members. As if their actions would erase any traces of their African heritage. But that heritage has a tendency to surface a generation or so down the line. If so, I hope they had good luck trying to explain their dark‐skinned children to their white partners..:) But all in all, if that was their feeling as it seems to be have been with Mildred, then so be it. Anyone who should find… Read more »
Jaime Andres Pretell
She obviously had some African Ancestry and was one dropped by the racial laws of the time. But, like the Lumbees, the Wampanoag, the Rammapough Indians, the Garifuna and the Melungeons among others, her primary identity as a Native should be respected. Her African ancestry did not invalidate her Native ancestry no matter how much the law said so. She should be mentioned as an Afrodescendant struggling under Jim Crow but still show her Family identity.
I think it is very sad that she has to deny her African self because Black culture and identity has been made a bad thing. Psychologically she and her family are damaged. It demonstrates the damage white ideology has done to African Americans. IT is not that she can not be First Nations; own the entire of who you are.Whilst I thank her for her courageous fight, I will not watch the movie, and I feel sad and sorry for her grandson Mark.I can not be proud of someone or something who is not proud to be a part of… Read more »
It's clear that she is black. We all know that blacks and whites like (especially in the South) to claim Native American heritage. I don't think we should hold every black person from the 1960s or any era to the standard of a civil rights activists. I don't think they were trying to be "woke". The Lovings just seemed like simple folk who would do anything to be together. Almost like it was a sin for them to be apart. The fact that ML's momma told her she was Native American (and she accepted it) is just not the point.… Read more »
Mildred was obviously mixed race. She looks Native American with some black blood as well. There is nothing wrong with her acknowledging her Native American ancestry.
This post is sooooo ignorant. Native Americans are "Black" "Negro" and "Coloured" by the white man slavery terms she is all of the above. Black people are the natives. All of the Americas from Canada right down to South America, Carribean and Melinasian, Polynesian and Hawiaan islands we were ALREADY THERE WE DID NOT COME FROM AFRICA TO AMERICA. That is the Eugenics white supremacist theory of evolution; that everyone came from Africa as Apes developed into the black man then other races. Stop believing in this endroctrination. We are global natives of all the land. Melinated people produce all… Read more »
S journey
Grandma got nappy hair boo
She obviously didn't want to identify with her blackness because of where she grew up and the time period. It is no secret that black people then and now will quickly state everything else that they are and add black in at the end (if it's mentioned at all). Perhaps she was ashamed of her blackness, or in denial of its existence we will never know; but her grandson "looks" black, her kids look mixed black and she herself looks black so ??????????. My maternal family is from Louisiana all very fair skinned all like to say we have Native… Read more »
AAHistoryBuff
Mildred most likely identified as Indian to make her life easier and to get married. It was illegal for blacks to marry whites at the time, so she may have likely put Indian on her certificate so that there would be no issues once they returned to Virginia (They married in D.C.). She was obviously black, but we don't know how she was raised, what she was told by her parents. She may have been confused. She wasn't confused enough to identify as white however. She was Indian and Black — that is clear. The grandson is also clearly black.… Read more »
Mildred loving was very much aware of her ancestry every person with dark skin does not come from Africa. originally all people's came from Africa but few people are aware of the fact that just like in Australia and the Polynesian Islands America common North America Central and South America we're all occupied by indigenous people of color. a lot of people have a misconception of what and who the true Indians the true native Aboriginal inhabitants of America are. We did not all come from Africa to America some of us were here already and black is amiss identification… Read more »
Mr. Grieves
Late to the party, but it sounds like internalized racism to me. Someone cited a relevant passage from her letter to RFK in which she clearly self‐identified as part black and part Native American. I read that, at the time, "miscegenation" (terrible word) between blacks and whites was much less taboo than that between Native Americans ("Indians") and whites, meaning their best chance of success would be to portray her as Native America, hence the booking documents and marriage license. Maybe she adopted that narrative and held onto it. Maybe, for whatever reason, she genuinely no longer wanted to identify… Read more »
Sobenyree
We need for Dr. Henry Louis Gates to do a DNA test on the grandson who obviously has AA heritage just like his grandmother Mrs. Loving. I have a distant cousin who claims Creek Indian ancestry from here to eternity. I saw his DNA results on 23 and Me. Like me he's 90% SubSaharan. Self hatred is a plague.
It's interesting to me that the grandson says his grandmother was not Black and that Mildred denied being black later in life. On the 1940 census his great grandparents and his grandmother are listed as Negro. When his great grandmother remarried, she self‐identified as Black not Indian. Her marriage certificate listed Mildred as Indian and her birth certificate listed her as colored, which Virginia recognized as Negro, whereas Indian was its own classification. And in the US Supreme Court case she was recognized as Negro. Finally, I think the conclusive evidence of Mildred's self‐identification in the sixties is the letter… Read more »


"I recommend Chris to anyone who is looking for a full service, personal approach to the home buying process without the high pressure of other companies." — Megan S.
"Chris' expertise makes him very knowledgeable in all aspects of the process, from quality of houses to legal aspects of the transaction." — Gerardo D.
"Chris was not only patient, but his knowledge of the market as well as construction was INVALUABLE as we moved through the process." — Amber B.
There is something exciting about real estate. It has such a tangible and genuine quality and no two homes or transactions are the same. That's why I have chosen to dedicate my career to it.
When I was in school, I worked summers as a construction laborer, then a framer, and later a remodel carpenter. Building and fixing homes was always more appealing to me than working in a restaurant or retail (despite the dust and beat-up body). I guess I just liked the feeling of stepping back and looking at what I built at the end of the day.
I went on to attend law school at the University of California, Davis. I ended up doing mostly volunteer (pro bono) work after getting my law degree. More than anything, I liked to provide people with advice, advocate for their interests and be a coach through difficult times.
As a real estate broker for findwell, I can use my knowledge of the law and construction to assist home buyers and sellers to make sure that they have the best experience possible.
Nail gun. Yes, I know it's not an essential tool for most households. But come on, you have to admit nailing something with the squeeze of a trigger feels pretty satisfying.
Bought a Single Family home in 2018 for approximately $1.0M in Crossroads, Bellevue, WA.
Chris helped me buy my first house. He helped me narrow down what kind of home I was looking for and was patient as I dragged him through dozens of open houses. Chris was knowledgeable, thoughtful, and hard working.
Bought a Single Family home in 2017 for approximately $1.125M in Issaquah, WA.
Chris was great. He helped my husband and I purchase a house in Issaquah. He moved quickly and we got our offer in the night we toured and luckily got the home. I really thank him for being so quick and responsive so we got to land our perfect forever home!
I have had the pleasure of working with both Chris for numerous projects.
He's very detail oriented and gives great advice.
He helped us get into our dream-home with minimal stress.
Everything went smoothly, he was great to work with.
Bought a single family home in 2016 for $606,500 in Bellevue, WA.
Chris Carr was our assigned agent and he did a fantastic job of finding out what we wanted and setting up a customized search for us. We would select properties to visit weekly (or sometimes faster) and he was very flexible about showing us them after hours and on weekends. He had a good sense for the value of houses and we saw several houses go by for the approximate value he stated. We lost two houses but moved aggressively on the third and finally succeeded. Chris gave us a significant discount towards the closing costs because of how fast we settled on a property. Overall, a great experience and I would highly recommend him.
Bought a Single Family home in 2015 for approximately $800K in Woodinville, WA.
We could not be happier with Findwell and our realtor Chris Carr, we had 1 week to house hunt since we were moving from out of state and he made sure to maximize our time while we were here. Not only did we find a house, but we found it on our 2nd day, and had the inspections done 2 days later, all within the week we were visiting, we were so lucky! A few months later we moved in and could not be happier with how everything went. He kept us well informed and answered all our questions and made the whole experience enjoyable to reflect on. Cannot recommend highly enough!!!
Bought a Single Family home in 2015 for approximately $975K in Ravenna, Seattle, WA.
We just bought our first home in Seattle last week. Thankfully, the whole home buying experience was exceptional with Findwell and its team. Chris was actually not our agent but we had a pleasure of meeting him several times when our agent was not available. We were simply impressed with the way Chris spent time with us. One time he came out for a home inspection and he made sure everything was in track from the top to the bottom. We felt like he really cared about us getting the right home though we were not even his clients. He is very sincere and just really great to work with. Thank you Chris!
Bought a Single Family home in 2015 for approximately $625K in Wallingford, Seattle, WA.
Chris is incredibly responsive, tenacious, and thorough—and I never would have had a chance at getting my terrific new house without him! I admit I was a little intimidated by the prospect of buying my first house in the totally crazy real estate market in Seattle, but Chris put me at ease. He knows the market inside and out; he walked me through what to expect and was patient and very responsive when answering all my follow-up questions. One of the great things about Chris is that he's creative and he can help identify great opportunities that others might overlook. He used to work in residential construction so he can walk into any house and tell you how easy or hard it would be to change this or update that; if you're up for a house that's a "project" (big or small) Chris is definitely your guy. Oh and by the way he's trained as an attorney so he is incredibly thorough and knows way more about real estate transactions than your average agent! The absolute BEST thing about Chris, though, is that he is super flexible and really goes above and beyond to serve his clients throughout the entire process. In fact, when he came to give me the keys to my new house he even stayed to help me rip up an old gross carpet and wandered around outside in the dark to find the gas/electric/water meter readings for me. Now that's dedication! I LOVE my new house, thank you Chris.
Bought a Condo home in 2015 for approximately $450K in Capitol Hill, Seattle, WA.
Chris helped us find and buy a condo in Capitol Hill this summer. For us as first-time buyers he was an invaluable source of knowledge and advice, and he truly went beyond our expectations. He helped us understand exactly what to pay attention to when looking at different properties, and we felt that he at all times had our best interests in mind. Throughout the process, he was extremely professional, responsive, and available to meet at very short notice to match our schedule. We are very happy with our new home, and would recommend Chris without hesitation.
Bought a Single Family home in 2015 for approximately $650K in Ballard, Seattle, WA.
Chris is an extremely knowledgable and patient agent and helped us navigate the crazy seattle real estate market with our best interests in mind. He was like our personal advisor and went out of his way to research homes that would fit our criteria and budget, prepared comparable market pricing analysis and gave us valuable advice to help us buy a home in an extremely competitive market. Chris was always extremely responsive, thorough, and prepared multiple offers for us in a short amount of time. It took us about 6 months to find a home, Chris was very patient and kept us positive during our search and showed us dozens of homes. He also coordinated home inspections for us, reviewed the findings and provided us good advice. He has an in depth understanding of the legal terms & conditions within each contract and educated us on the whole process from submitting an offer, loan application and closing through escrow. I recommend Chris to anyone who is looking for a full service, personal approach to the home buying process without the high pressure of other companies.
Bought a Single Family home in 2015 for approximately $800K in Ballard, Seattle, WA.
Chris has been awesome in our house buying process. We are first time buyers and he answered all our questions in a super timely fashion, giving us insightful advice. His expertise makes him very knowledgeable in all aspects of the process, from quality of houses to legal aspects of the transaction. We are recommending him to all our friends that are looking to buy or sell a house.
Bought and sold a Single Family home in 2015 for approximately $450K in Bothell, WA.
Our experience with Chris Carr was really great! He helped us in selling our house and in buying a new one. Both of those tasks proved fairly difficult for various reasons, but he stayed patient and informative the whole way through. Because he works for Findwell, there is no commission so there is no pushiness to buy buy buy! He was not only patient, but his knowledge of the market as well as construction was INVALUABLE as we moved through the process. He was also incredibly responsive to ALL of our questions and needs. I would ABSOLUTELY use Chris Carr again and recommend him to anyone who wants to have a great person looking out for them during this challenging process. Thanks, Chris!


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Game animator I-Wei Huang loves steam. The San Francisco Bay Area resident is so obsessed with steam that a year ago, he began making steam-powered robots by hacking together small hobbyist steam engines, toys and radio-control kits.
Inspired by the combination of Victorian-era technology and cyberpunk that is steampunk, Huang uses his training as a 3-D animator and character designer for video games to build steam-powered robots like the Steam Crab, the Steam LocoCentipede and the Steam Trilobite Tank.
Click here for images of these steam-powered robots.At this year's RoboGames, Huang's steam-powered robots garnered a lot of attention and won him two gold medals.
But these are only the groundwork for his ultimate goal: to build a life-size, rideable steam machine, similar to machines found in the films of Japan's most famous animator, Hayao Miyazaki.
Wired News spoke with Huang, who compares his work to hip-hop – sampling interesting bits from different places and combining them into something unique.
Wired News: How did you get started?
Huang: What I do is I hack things together. I don't create things from scratch. I borrow things from RC kits or take bits and pieces from random toys. You could think of it like hip-hop and rap. I take a lot of other peoples' stuff and create something new out of it that's different and hard to pinpoint exactly where things came from.
WN: Does being an animator have an impact on how you design your machines?
Huang: Being an animator in a lot of ways is very similar to what I do for fun because you have to pay attention to how things move and how things work in both. As an animator you must pay attention to anatomy, how bones and muscles work, and how animals walk.
WN: What attracted you to steampunk?
Huang: It's either an alternate history or alternate universe kind of thing. It's fantasy-based, using old technology in creative ways like making huge robots. From my perspective, as much as I am amazed by all these great films, they are fantasy based. My passion is to realize them in real life, though it's on a miniature scale because I can't build these huge robots. So I just take small engines and try to make a steam walking machine or a steam tank.
WN: Which steampunk artists are you most inspired by?
Huang: Hayao Miyazaki is my favorite artist. A lot of my influences came from Miyazaki because most of his work is based off old technology. It's not so blatant that it is steam technology but it has an old feel to it. If I am anywhere close to what he is able to accomplish, the look and feel and sense of a world and culture that is very believable and functional, then I would be very happy.
WN: Do you draw out complete plans for your machines before building them?
Huang: For the most part I have an idea or a direction that I want to go, but it's not fully realized in my head. I spend a lot of time thinking about what kind of mechanics to use, what I am familiar with and what I can get a hold of easily to build from. I do a lot of sketching of bits and pieces, but once I start building it takes on a life of its own.
WN: How do people react to your machines?
Huang: Many people surprisingly have told me that some of my creations look like something that would come out of Miyazaki's films. That's definitely one of the biggest compliments. Also, one of the biggest compliments for me is when people say things like "that's so cute" or "it's got so much personality" or "so much character." For me, coming from a character-animation background, that means a lot more to me than "wow, that's a cool machine."
WN: Have you dreamt about making a larger-scale steam machine that you could ride?
Huang: Yes, that's definitely my holy grail. I don't know if I'll ever get there because that's a whole lot more dangerous and it requires a lot more attention to detail that I am not sure if I have. My first creations were all very simple, small engines and now I am getting bigger and bigger because I want more power, I want them to go faster and I want them to do more things. I am planning on making something that is going to be able to fully carry me around, some kind of small vehicle. One of my creations, which is the steam rover, can actually pull me on a skateboard. That's a pretty small engine and it has enough power to do that, so I figure I can someday come up with something that can carry me around.
WN: Are you interested in entering your machines in robot wars?
Huang: Not so much the combat aspect of it because steam might be a nice form of power, but it's very fragile and touchy. It's nowhere near as reliable as electronics and batteries and motors. I can just imagine going to some robot war and having to tell people, "I need to steam up, give me ten more minutes." And then as soon as the blade touches the boiler, everything explodes.
WN: What is your newest project?
Huang: I have been working with Joe Klann on producing a robotics kit that hopefully down the road we can start selling. It would be a steam spider that can be reproduced easily and sold. It would be as complex as putting together an Erector Set car. It should be affordable. Right now we just call it the Steam Spider.


This exhibition presents works by Satoco Yamamoto drawn from the perspective of a person standing on a street corner in Tokyo or New York City looking out at the world. These works attempt to connect with people across geographical borders and cultural lines through common life experiences in the city. For example, four drawings attempt to convey the psychological progression of one couple from childhood to adolescence and then to adulthood. Additionally, works related to sports are exhibited to honor the Olympics that will be held in Tokyo in 2020.
Satoco was born in Tokyo, Japan. She graduated from the Faculty of Human Sciences and Design of Japan Women's University in Tokyo, Japan in 2002. She started drawing and painting from a very young age and received formal instruction from Mr. Makoto Yuasa, who is a landscape painter in the Shonan area of Japan. She designed the character "Morino Ko Michi" for the commercial bathroom tissue made by Marutomi Seishi Co., Ltd. in conjunction with the non-profit organization POINT GREEN. She currently sells various art products in hotels and shops such as the Karuizawa Art Box, Otowa no Mori Hotel and Sala Karuizawa Hotel in Karuizawa, the Kamakura Prince Hotel in Kamakura, the Verde Cana coffee shop in Tokyo, and at the Enoshima station in the Shonan area.
9:30 am to 4 pm (**closed on weekend & holidays) Photo ID required to get in.


The All Saints Watch D.O.G.S. are a dynamic group of dads who volunteer their time during the school days to be a "presence" in our school. On any given day, a Watch D.O.G.S. dad can be found in the lunch room, reading with students in the hallway, assisting with playground supervision, and interacting with students. A fall kick-off event is held each year to welcome new dads to the group and coordinate a year-long schedule.


text:
Pitazo on the street
info citizens
Hunger drove Venezuelans to escape to Trinidad and Tobago
Relatives of the victims of the shipwreck in the state of Sucre, Eastern Venezuela, denounce that instead of government aid, what they have received is pressure and persecution from security forces. They highlight that the crisis in the state forces its inhabitants to seek a better future in the neighboring island.
Por News Editor
17 December, 2020 10:24 pm
Juan Gonzalez is one of the citizens who seek information about his relative who disappeared in the Guiria shipwreck. One of his fellow church was among the passengers who boarded the ship Mi Refugio, which departed from the Sucre coast on December 6, to Trinidad and Tobago. Since December 12, when the first seven bodies appeared floating on the beach, his concern and displeasure increased.
People in the town said sweeping raids in fishermen docks and homes are carrying, with one boat patron in custody and several other men wanted. Instead of repression, Guiria wants the regime to help it bury their dead, they say.
You must read A tattoo was the key to identifying Gabriela, one of the victims of the Güiria shipwreck
So far, Coast Guard has reported 27 bodies retrieved from the Güiria shipwrecks.
Sucre is one of the poorest states in Venezuela, according to the ENCOVI 2019 living conditions poll. Due to a complex humanitarian crisis, Venezuela is undergoing the largest exodus in the Western Hemisphere history, with some 5.5 million Venezuelans leaving their country since Nicolas Maduro first took over in 2013.
"We all know in Guiria that people are starving, that people are migrating from this country, from this town because they have nothing to eat. The people are desperate, and the solution is in the hands of the government," said Gonzalez.
Gonzalez was waiting outside at the Coast Guard dock in Guiria. He was talking, drinking coffee, and walking among the crowd of nearly 100 people who, like him, were begging for news about the fate of their loved ones.
The dock and the town were in turmoil since Saturday, December 12, when the first bodies got found. Scenes of weeping, terror, and despair repeated at every step. Five children, nine women, and 12 men. A tally of 26 tragic deaths reported on December 16. Entire families disappeared at sea.
González, a man that looks around 35, is convinced about who is responsible for this tragedy and stated without fear. "They (the authorities) now are putting pressure on the fishermen and the people of the town. That is the situation we are experiencing here. And instead of helping us, what we see is pressure from the police forces. They are going into houses, looking for culprits when they know who is to blame for what is happening with the Venezuelans. I am not afraid to say it because it is the truth. We have lost good and kind people, people forced to emigrate," he said.
He was there because of his friend Angel Subero, a 27-years-old guy. "He was a healthy guy who now left two orphaned children. Someone offered him the seat in that boat to go to Trinidad to see if he could get a job to support his family. He risked his life, and now he is gone."
Outside of shed number six of Coast Guard, there is a line of about 50 people. Some say they have been there for up to four hours. They wait to enter to identify the bodies of their relatives.
The task is not easy; many of the bodies are mutilated and in an advanced state of decomposition, making recognition difficult. "They let in one by one. Only a direct relative can enter to do the recognition of the body. And we can only be there for three minutes," said a 14-year-old teenager who had to identify the body of her younger brother.
Confusion, anger, and pain
Guiria is a town of some 40,000 inhabitants, located in Sucre state, four hours away from Trinidad and Tobago by boat. There has been a constant relationship and exchange between both borders since both Venezuela and the island were colonies.
However, like the rest of Venezuela, Güiria is experiencing a deep economic and public-services crisis.
The economic and public services crisis hit the town of Güiria.
Abandonment and hardship can see before arriving in town proper. The road that goes from Carupano to Guiria is practically impassable. The bushes have grown in the place and swallowed the road.
The farms where cocoa was once grown are now empty. There is nothing to offer, the bushes are dry, and there are no more crops.
There is no domestic gas or gasoline in the villages along the road. A protest over the lack of gas blocked the road for a few hours. The road blocking protests are regular in Sucre state. While some protest because they have no way to cook, others carry firewood on donkeys to their homes.
The fuel crisis competes with the lack of food in Guiria. Next to the sign announcing have arrived at the village, a long line of vehicles welcomes visitors. There is a line of motorcycles and cars waiting for gasoline, which only is available once a month. Only 15 liters are sold per vehicle by the decision of the officers who control the distribution.
Guiria was one of the towns with a strong economic potential of the state of Sucre, just like Venezuela was once a big oil exporter country in the world. Now, Guiria, and the country, looks like a myth.
The shouts, cries, and pleas come from the dock. There is confusion, pain, rage. They have been waiting for hours to know what happened. The inhabitants do not understand what happened to their relatives.
Silence and Fear
People in Guiria are afraid of reprisals. Guiria is a hot spot for criminal violence. It is common to find decapitated corpses left by gangs in the public squares. It has happened before, when other boats bound for Trinidad and Tobago have been shipwrecked or disappeared by human trafficking or drug gangs, neighbors say. "They are threatened or killed. They prefer not to talk," said one villager.
The people of Guiria are looking for information about their relatives who are still missing.
Others get forced to remain silent by the conditions in the area: Contraband between Venezuela and Trinidad is the livelihood of many people there. Moreover, in Guiria, as in other small towns in the country, everything is known.
Maribel Brito is part of the group of people gathered at the dock. She is the sister of Henry Brito, one of the two detainees, who, in turn, is the uncle of Nelson Luis Martinez, 20 years old, one of the disappeared.
"My brother got called for an interview, but he was left in detention and was insulted by the police. He came to identify the bodies. He is not a people smuggler," the woman said.
Martinez has a sister in Trinidad who promised to help him get a job. "He did not have a job here, and he was doing nothing since he graduated from high school," Brito said.
The small-town versions
In the absence of official information, comments, and rumors of what might have happened multiplying.
The people gathered in front of the Coast Guard, where the bodies recovered from sea are, say that they left on a boat on Sunday, December 6 and that they got expelled by Trinidad and Tobago authorities in another ship. Some said that the ship is Mi Refugio (My shelter), others said that the boat is Mi Recuerdo (My memories). Another group said that there are two different ships. Nothing is clear.
Day and night the relatives of the victims await new information.
Governor Edwin Rojas is also uncertain about what happened to the boats. He explained that the vessels came out of an unauthorized dock in Guiria, and he has no way of knowing who was on it.
But people make their versions. Between waiting and waiting, seated in portable chairs and with snacks to muffle the noise of hungry as the hours go by, they talk among themselves about what could have happened.
They insist that the boat arrived in Trinidad and Tobago on Sunday night. They got detained and kept in port and forced to go back to Venezuela without gasoline. They point out to the Trinidadian authorities as those responsible for the misfortune.
Some try to find explanations in any detail. "The fact that the first bodies were found only six nautical miles from the Venezuelan coast means they were returning," said the relatives, convinced that their relatives did set foot on the island territory.
That is why Guiria neighbors are demanding the truth from the authorities. They are fighting the military, deputies of the government of Nicolás Maduro, and officers of the Scientific and Investigation Police. They want to know what happened. They also ask them to expedite with the Trinidadian government a list of detainees on the island.
They say that most of them are family and acquaintances who left Guiria because they were hungry and needed to find a better life.
That is why, despite the danger and strength of the waters between Venezuela and Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuelans go up to the boats, hoping to find what they could not find there.
Between 500 and 700 Venezuelans leave the country daily. Around the world, there are already five million Venezuelan migrants. The UN projects 8.1 million Venezuelans would have migrated by 2021, almost 25% of the total population of 32 million.
There are multiple risks in this transit. In 2019 alone, three boats were reported missing between Venezuela and Trinidad and Tobago, carrying at least 80 people.
In Guiria, everybody knows, everyone lives and suffers from hunger. And hunger does not discriminate in the coastal town of Sucre state.
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Then reworking your office environment is vital for your well being. Simple swaps like changing your screen height and distance , or implementing an office ritual to get up and move can create a large impact over time. However, addressing the root causes of the issues surrounding sitting and posture is the most effective strategy for you and your working habits in the long run.
Forward head posture: This position is all too common in today's world of smartphones and tablets, forcing our eyes to look down and our heads tilt in the same direction. To compensate, your neck is sustaining up to 15 pounds of pressure, keeping your head stabilized. With repeated use, as a cell phone is often used daily, the neck loses its natural curve and begins to straighten out.
Forward head posture is a result of the neck changing shape, and contributes to a myriad of health complaints. Migraines, temple headaches, TMJ, shoulder tension and pinched nerves can all result from forward head posture.
Hunched back posture: Letting the shoulders roll forward and the shoulderblades flare out is a common posture mistake with tech professionals. If you are at a desk or using a device, hunched back posture is a natural adjustment the body makes to accommodate hands and wrists in front of the body (using a keyboard or typing on a mobile device). Over time, the muscles in front of the body start to shorten and cause tension when you try to pull shoulders back.
Because of this discomfort, it only serves to perpetuate the hunched back position. After the muscles change shape, more stress is placed on the surrounding areas leading to neck and upper back strain.
Curved lower back posture: The final of the big three postural issues is a position seen in those with computer chair use. Most chairs are designed with a flat back (or may even have an upper back rest without full support). The lack of a curve in the chair back is the reason for this posture. Without correction, this posture leads to lower back pain, hip pain and nerve issues in the legs.
In a healthy body, the neck curves in slightly, the upper back curves out, and the lower back curves back in. This Shape improves posture, muscle tension, and aches and pains that are all too common. A computer chair to introduce this shape into your lower back is a perfect solution.
The technology market is no stranger to highend, expensive products. Every few months, an upgrade or innovative update is presented to encourage buyers to stay relevant. However, postural technology has been researched and invested in heavily since the dawn of computer workers. Today, the information pertaining to a healthy body when working at a screen is timeless. Establishing the Sshape back into your spine, taking breaks during long days, and staying hydrated will always be the trifecta of health for those in a chair all day.
LF Gaming chairs have taken the findings and cosmetic requirements of working professionals and gamers alike to produce durable, modern and intelligently designed gear for all. From basic to adorned, support-focused to sleek , you can find your perfect fit with the LF Gaming collection. Every feature is chosen with you, and your health, in mind.


At the start of battle, your creatures grant each other all their artifacts' permanent buffs for 3 turns. This trait does not work with the Shell or Invisible buffs.
Obtained from the Blacksmith after completing all the crafting and salvaging upgrade rituals.


The DC Goodwill Fashionista vogue blog supplies savvy and entertaining perception on vintage and up to date type with a singular deal with price range-conscious, eco-pleasant trend. Should you're looking for methods to network, listed below are a few good choices: joining a local blogging network, visitor posting, contributing to a weblog or journal, getting concerned in your neighborhood's style scene, attending a blogging conference akin to Go Blog Social , or attending New York Vogue Week.
Nairobi, Kenya About Weblog Nancie's love for vogue started as a younger girl together with her dream to grow to be a professional dressmaker, who knew that years dressing up barbie dolls in original creations would lead her to a career within the style industry.
Right this moment, she's working as the director of merchandising at Tory Burch in New York — her true passion, she says , is merchandising — and has one of the best-known personal style blogs on the web, with a powerful Pinterest following to match.
For these of you who aren't conscious already, blogging has become a nicely defined career in itself. Blogging beneath ' Michelle Alice ', Dublin-based mostly Daly is within the vogue and travel niche, and, at just 21, not too long ago combined up her blog, switching between entries on Rome adventures and writing about finishing her diploma.
Fashion is a multibillion-greenback industry that has considerable affect on the way atypical folks gown and present themselves and depends closely on media and promoting to communicate the producer's preferences and objectives and influence public notion by means of numerous forms of promotion ; at the similar time, trend may be influenced by social change and counter-tendencies exterior the producer, retailer or advertiser's control.
Named one of many top ten bloggers by WhoWhatWear, CeCe Olisa lives by her motto, Do not wait in your weight to reside the life you want." With an excellent optimistic outlook on working out, magnificence, type, and buying, she shares her private journey to body acceptance.
You and I know how big the style business is, and there are all the time rooms for innovation, enchancment and inventive people. The identical goes for blogs about blogging, journey blogs, music blogs, sport blogs and doubtless attractive ones. Her weblog is an amazing webzine masking topics from fashion to way of life to fitness and anything that impacts ladies generally. This Swiss-mannequin blogger, 21, has a formidable reach on Fb – with greater than 1.1 million likes – in addition to a major presence on Instagram, Twitter, and so on.
So that you need to learn to start a vogue weblog, huh? As a blogging duo, Danielle and Nicole provide twice the fashion inspiration, sleek vogue and flawless beauty seems to be. The reference checklist under shows the very high caliber of media publication which have written about trend blogs.
Petite curvaceous girls positively have to elongate their body using their clothing model for minimizing the volume. Consider sneaking phrases similar to style or style into the name—however do not pressure it. Certainly one of our favorite examples of a unusual and memorable weblog title is Cupcakes and Cashmere, a weblog dedicated to all issues meals and trend. If your vogue blog can assist people with their lives, promote sustainable and ethical materials and worker rights, support a struggling setting, etc.
Whether they add a brand new feature (e.g. subtitles in your posts, or social buttons in your photos), or a new performance (e.g. a contact form), or simply make your weblog merely smashing (e.g. a rotating slideshow, a pop-up window, or a subscription reminder), they all work together to enhance the way in which your trend weblog seems to be and works.
Studying Blogs is a unbelievable and also interesting approach to progress your Spanish reading. But over the previous decade, these independent publishers have turn into an actual force within the fashion trade – not simply snapping up front row seats at trend reveals, but touchdown main campaigns and collaborations with manufacturers, changing into regular guests on TELEVISION shows like "Immediately" and "America's Subsequent Top Mannequin," and turning their blogs into multimillion-dollar companies.
German-based mostly fashion and lifestyle blogger Caroline Daur is having one helluva moment. I'd really like to draw on the collective brilliance of the Tyrant Troops right here and ask what tips or hints you would give to somebody starting a trend blog or any weblog that is focussed round a particular niche or sub-matter?
With high-tier trend bloggers raking in multimillion-dollar campaigns , it's no marvel each self-proclaimed fashionista wants to launch a personal type web site. Kavita Donkersley began her now famous blog on the tender age of 16. The Sheffield primarily based student started her website initially as a place to share her vintage finds but now covers all elements of fashion in addition to beauty and way of life.


This is the simplest and cheapest recipe to make your own alcohol and also it's super lovely; fragrant and is fizzy. With the fashion for 'Prosecco' at the moment this made excellent Christmas gifts for my family and I've also heard of people making it for the start of their wedding reception as a cheaper and more personal version of 'Champagne' to toast with.
You really don't need to buy any expensive home brewing kits for this one but if you do buy one, you can always move onto different hedgerow varieties such as 'Nettle Beer' or even store boughts kits which are great fun to try out.
Also, if you really get into making alcohol at home it's a good idea to buy a hydrometer (even supermarkets sell these now) as it will tell you the percentage of alcohol you make but if you are just trying a few basic recipes it's not really worth it.
In Springtime head to the local park and look for the Elderflower trees. They have a spray of flowers out from one stem and the leaves have serrated edges. They are best when they are white and pick heads from about shoulder height, that way you'll ensure you get an Elderflower and nothing toxic as Elderflowers grow from bushes and not directly from the ground. Collect around 20 heads cutting them off with scissors/shears.
Dissolve the sugar in the hot water.
Add the cold water and the rest of the ingredients.
Leave to ferment with either a pressure lid or a piece of cloth covering the top for about a week. Stirring occasionally.
After a week the sediment should have sunk to the bottom so decant either very carefully with a jug or with a syphon (tube or pipe straw).
Pour into bottles and seal.
It can be drunk immediately or kept for a couple of months.
I'd also highly recommend The River Cottage method as that's the first place I ever saw someone make this lovely brew (https://www.rivercottage.net/recipes/sparkling-elderflower-wine).
As promised earlier in the week I said I'd share some of my crafting activities for Molly Moo Cat.
I was taught how to make pom poms by my mum when I very little but not until fairly recently that they came back into fashion. I've seen little plastic tools in shops you can buy now to make them but I've never tried them.
The traditional method is to get some plain flat card such as the back of a cereral box. Cut in half to make double the thickness. Place on a flat surface and draw around something round such as a wine glass or bowl cut a circular shape. This will be the size of your pom pom. Place a smaller circle such as an egg cup in the centre and draw around. Cut out the two rings of cards. This is your base.
Grab a ball of wool and cut into long strips. I use the wool that is made up of rainbow colours so you get a mix of colours. Tie a piece of wool around the each or the ring and then loop the wool through the centre and around the outside and then repeat over and over. The aim is to cover the rings with wool until there is no more room in the centre circle. Keeping the wool in strips means you can squeeze the residual wool through the centre hole.
Once it's full up grab some scissors and cut around the edge of the card pushing the scissors between the two rings. Do it carefully and keep the card together. Grab an extra piece of wool and wrap it around the card between the two pieces where you just cut and tie in a tight knot. Therefore, you have tied all the pieces together. You can now remove the cards and fluff up the pom pom into a nice round shape. Use some scissors to cut off any extra fluffy bits and make the pom pom really round.
Now technically pom poms made of wool are not meant for cats so you really shouldn't let them eat the wool but my cat loves to play with them and push them around. It's a good tip to leave the last wrap around piece really long as you can dangle the pom pom from their scratching post or any other fun spot.


Are You Really Nordic Walking...or Just Walking With Poles?
When I'm out leading a happy class of Nordic walkers or teaching a one-on-one Nordic walking lesson, we frequently pass another person or group also cheerily enjoying a workout with poles.
After a friendly hello as we pass by, our conversation inevitably turns to a critique of the other Nordic walkers' (almost always) poor technique: bent elbows, poles vertical and in front of the body, poles too long or too short, no propulsion, hiking poles instead of Nordic walking poles, schlumpy posture, short little steps, etc.
While these encounters are actually a great learning opportunity for my participants (recognizing errors is a great confidence booster), I find it disheartening that so few people learn to use their poles properly.
Just one lesson or clinic is all that's required for most people to understand the basics of Nordic walking. Without some rudimentary instruction and feedback most people end up simply walking with poles, using them the same way they would hiking poles.
They don't realize that hiking poles (also called trekking poles) are used to minimize effort when walking, while Nordic walking poles are used to maximize effort and to challenge almost every muscle in the body.
If you're curious about the Nordic walking workout, take the intelligent approach and connect with a certified Nordic walking instructor.