text:
3 All Featured Articles
3 SRI is 20
18 Abstract available
16 Full text available
PICO Summary available
18 Haematology and Oncology
18 Haematology, Non-Malignant
Alternatives to Blood
Autologous Transfusion and Cell Salvage
18 Blood Components
18 Platelets
4 Neonates and Paediatrics
0 Economic Study
11 Randomised Controlled Trial
All articles • 18 results
1. The impact of pathogen-reduced platelets in acute leukaemia treatment on the total blood product requirement: a subgroup analysis of an EFFIPAP randomised trial
Garban F, Vilotitch A, Tiberghien P, Bosson JL
Transfusion medicine (Oxford, England). 2022
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of pathogen-reduced (PR) platelet transfusions on blood products requirement for clinical practice. BACKGROUND PR platelets are increasing in use as standard blood products. However, few randomised trials have evaluated their impact on bleeding control or prevention. Furthermore, PR platelets recirculate less than untreated platelets. METHODS A subgroup study of the randomised clinical trial EFFIPAP compared three arms of platelet preparations (PR: P-PRP/PAS, additive solution: P-PAS and plasma P-P arms respectively). The subgroup of acute leukaemia patients, in their chemotherapy induction phase, included 392 patients (133 P-PRP/PAS arm, 132 P-PAS arm and 130 P-P arm). Blood requirements were analysed across over periods of 7 days. RESULTS The number of platelet transfusions per week was significantly higher in the P-PRP/PAS group 2.3 [1.6-3.3] compared to the control groups 1.9 [1.3-2.8] and 2.0 [1.3-3.0] for P-P and P-PAS groups respectively (p < 0.0001). However, the total number of platelets transfused per week was not different. The number of red blood cell concentrates (RBC) transfusion per week did not differ either. CONCLUSION In a homogeneous group of patients, platelet pathogen reduction resulted in an increased number of platelet units transfused per week while having no impact on the total number of platelets transfused or the number of RBC transfusion; resulting to an average requirement of 2 RBC and 2-3 platelets transfusions per week of marrow aplasia.
Ovid Technologies, Inc.
2. Procedure-related bleeding risk in patients with cirrhosis and severe thrombocytopenia
Alvaro D, Caporaso N, Giovanni Giannini E, Iacobellis A, Morelli M, Toniutto P, Violi F
European journal of clinical investigation. 2021;:e13508
BACKGROUND Gaps of knowledge still exist about the potential association between severe thrombocytopenia and increased risk of procedure-associated bleeding in patients with liver disease. METHODS In this narrative review we aimed at examining the association between procedure-related bleeding risk and platelet count in patients with cirrhosis and severe thrombocytopenia in various settings. We updated to 2020 a previously conducted literature search using MEDLINE/PubMed and EMBASE. The search string included clinical studies, adult patients with chronic liver disease and thrombocytopenia undergoing invasive procedures, any interventions and comparators, and haemorrhagic events of any severity as outcome. RESULTS The literature search identified 1,276 unique publications, 15 studies met the inclusion criteria and were analysed together with those identified by the previously search. Most of the new studies included in our analysis did not assess the association between post-procedural bleeding risk and platelet count alone in patients with chronic liver disease. Furthermore, some results could have been biased by prophylactic platelet transfusions. A few studies found that severe thrombocytopenia may be predictive of bleeding following percutaneous liver biopsy, dental extractions, percutaneous ablation of liver tumours, and endoscopic polypectomy. CONCLUSIONS Currently available literature cannot support definitive conclusions about the appropriate target platelet counts to improve the risk of bleeding in cirrhotic patients who underwent invasive procedures; moreover, it showed enormous variability in the use of prophylactic platelet transfusions.
3. Postnatal intervention for the treatment of FNAIT: a systematic review
Baker JM, Shehata N, Bussel J, Murphy MF, Greinacher A, Bakchoul T, Massey E, Lieberman L, Landry D, Tanael S, et al
4. A systematic literature review on the use of platelet transfusions in patients with thrombocytopenia
Newland A, Bentley R, Jakubowska A, Liebman H, Lorens J, Peck-Radosavljevic M, Taieb V, Takami A, Tateishi R, Younossi ZM
Hematology (Amsterdam, Netherlands). 2019;24(1):679-719
Objective: Investigate globally, current treatment patterns, benefit-risk assessments, humanistic, societal and economic burden of platelet transfusion (PT). Methods: Publications from 1998 to June 27, 2018 were identified, based on databases searches including MEDLINE(R); Embase and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Data from studies meeting pre-specified criteria were extracted and validated by independent reviewers. Data were obtained for efficacy and safety from randomized controlled trials (RCTs); data for epidemiology, treatment patterns, effectiveness, safety, humanistic and societal burden from real-world evidence (RWE) studies; and economic data from both. Results: A total of 3425 abstracts, 194 publications (190 studies) were included. PT use varied widely, from 0%-100% of TCP patients; 1.7%-24.5% in large studies (>1000 patients). Most were used prophylactically rather than therapeutically. 5 of 43 RCTs compared prophylactic PT with no intervention, with mixed results. In RWE studies PT generally increased platelet count (PC). This increase varied by patient characteristics and hence did not always translate into a clinically significant reduction in bleeding risk. Safety concerns included infection risk, alloimmunization and refractoriness with associated cost burden. Discussion: In RCTs and RWE studies there was significant heterogeneity in study design and outcome measures. In RWE studies, patients receiving PT may have been at higher risk than those not receiving PT creating potential bias. There were limited data on humanistic and societal burden. Conclusion: Although PTs are used widely for increasing PC in TCP, it is important to understand the limitations of PTs, and to explore the use of alternative treatment options where available.
5. Autologous Platelet-Rich Gel for the Treatment of Diabetic Sinus Tract Wounds: A Clinical Study
Xie J, Fang Y, Zhao Y, Cao D, Lv Y
The Journal of surgical research. 2019
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of autologous platelet-rich gel (APG) in the treatment of deep sinus tract wounds from diabetic ulcers. METHODS Forty-eight patients with diabetic ulcers were randomly classified into two groups: an APG treatment group (25 patients) and a conventional wound dressing control group (23 patients). The sinus tract closure times, ulcer healing rates, hospitalization times, and hospitalization expenses of the two groups were compared. RESULTS There were no significant differences in the basic data and wound conditions between the two groups. The cure (healed wound) rates were 96% and 87% for the APG group and control group, respectively. During the first 4 wk, the sinus tract closure rate for the APG group was significantly higher than that for the control group. However, there was no significant difference in the sinus tract healing between the two groups at the end of the 8th wk. For the APG group and the control group, the average hospital stays were 19.36 +/- 7.239 d and 48.13 +/- 11.721 d, respectively, and the total hospitalization expenses were 2.48 +/- 0.45 ten thousand yuan and 5.63 +/- 1.35 ten thousand yuan (P < 0.05), respectively. These differences were statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS When compared with conventional wound dressings, APG can accelerate the healing of deep sinus tract wounds associated with diabetic ulcers.
6. Preterm neonates benefit from low prophylactic platelet transfusion threshold despite varying risk of bleeding or death
Fustolo-Gunnink SF, Fijnvandraat K, van Klaveren D, Stanworth S, Curley AE, Onland W, Steyerberg EW, de Kort E, d'Haens E, Hulzebos C, et al
Blood. 2019
The Platelets for Neonatal Thrombocytopenia (PlaNeT-2) trial reported an unexpected overall benefit of a prophylactic platelet transfusion threshold of 25x109/L compared to 50x109/L for major bleeding and/or mortality in preterm neonates (7% absolute risk reduction). However, some neonates in the trial may have experienced little benefit or even harm from the 25x109/L threshold. We aimed to assess this heterogeneity of treatment effect in the PlaNet-2 trial, in order to investigate whether all preterm neonates benefit from the low threshold. We developed a multivariable logistic regression model in the PlaNet-2 data to predict baseline risk of major bleeding and/or mortality for all 653 neonates. We then ranked the neonates based on their predicted baseline risk and categorized them into four risk quartiles. Within these quartiles we assessed absolute risk difference between the 50x109/L and 25x109/L threshold group. A total of 146 neonates died or developed major bleeding. The internally validated C-statistic of the model was 0.63 (95% confidence interval 0.58 - 0.68). The 25x109/L threshold was associated with absolute risk reduction in all risk groups, varying from 4.9% in the lowest to 12.3% in the highest risk group. These results suggest that a 25x109/L prophylactic platelet count threshold can be adopted in all preterm neonates, irrespective of predicted baseline outcome risk. Future studies are needed to improve the predictive accuracy of the baseline risk model. Current Controlled Trials number ISRCTN87736839.
Silverchair Information Systems
7. Comparison of a therapeutic-only versus prophylactic platelet transfusion policy for people with congenital or acquired bone marrow failure disorders
Malouf R, Ashraf A, Hadjinicolaou A V, Doree C, Hopewell S, Estcourt L J
The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2018;5:CD012342.
Clinical Commentary
BACKGROUND Bone marrow disorders encompass a group of diseases characterised by reduced production of red cells, white cells, and platelets, or defects in their function, or both. The most common bone marrow disorder is myelodysplastic syndrome. Thrombocytopenia, a low platelet count, commonly occurs in people with bone marrow failure. Platetet transfusions are routinely used in people with thrombocytopenia secondary to bone marrow failure disorders to treat or prevent bleeding. Myelodysplastic syndrome is currently the most common reason for receiving a platelet transfusion in some Western countries. OBJECTIVES To determine whether a therapeutic-only platelet transfusion policy (transfusion given when patient is bleeding) is as effective and safe as a prophylactic platelet transfusion policy (transfusion given to prevent bleeding according to a prespecified platelet threshold) in people with congenital or acquired bone marrow failure disorders. SEARCH METHODS We searched for randomised controlled trials (RCTs), non-RCTs, and controlled before-after studies (CBAs) in the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (the Cochrane Library 2017, Issue 9), Ovid MEDLINE (from 1946), Ovid Embase (from 1974), PubMed (e-publications only), the Transfusion Evidence Library (from 1950), and ongoing trial databases to 12 October 2017. SELECTION CRITERIA We included RCTs, non-RCTs, and CBAs that involved the transfusion of platelet concentrates (prepared either from individual units of whole blood or by apheresis any dose, frequency, or transfusion trigger) and given to treat or prevent bleeding among people with congenital or acquired bone marrow failure disorders.We excluded uncontrolled studies, cross-sectional studies, and case-control studies. We excluded cluster-RCTs, non-randomised cluster trials, and CBAs with fewer than two intervention sites and two control sites due to the risk of confounding. We included all people with long-term bone marrow failure disorders that require platelet transfusions, including neonates. We excluded studies of alternatives to platelet transfusion, or studies of people receiving intensive chemotherapy or a stem cell transplant. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We used the standard methodological procedures outlined by Cochrane. Due to the absence of evidence we were unable to report on any of the review outcomes. MAIN RESULTS We identified one RCT that met the inclusion criteria for this review. The study enrolled only nine adults with MDS over a three-year study duration period. The trial was terminated due to poor recruitment rate (planned recruitment 60 participants over two years). Assessment of the risk of bias was not possible for all domains. The trial was a single-centre, single-blind trial. The clinical and demographic characteristics of the participants were never disclosed. The trial outcomes relevant to this review were bleeding assessments, mortality, quality of life, and length of hospital stay, but no data were available to report on any of these outcomes.We identified no completed non-RCTs or CBAs.We identified no ongoing RCTs, non-RCTs, or CBAs. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS We found no evidence to determine the safety and efficacy of therapeutic platelet transfusion compared with prophylactic platelet transfusion for people with long-term bone marrow failure disorders. This review underscores the urgency of prioritising research in this area. People with bone marrow failure depend on long-term platelet transfusion support, but the only trial that assessed a therapeutic strategy was halted. There is a need for good-quality studies comparing a therapeutic platelet transfusion strategy with a prophylactic platelet transfusion strategy; such trials should include outcomes that are important to patients, such as quality of life, length of hospital admission, and risk of bleeding.
Xiangrong He, MD, PhD & Claudia S. Cohn, MD, PhD, both of University of Minnesota, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology.
What is known?
Thrombocytopenia represents a common problem for patients withchronic bone marrow failure disorders, the most common of which are myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and anaplastic anemia (AA). In addition to thrombocytopenia, both morphologic and functional platelet abnormalities may be seen in these patients as well. Platelet transfusion support is the primary management option for thrombocytopenia and active bleeding in these patients. Platelets are usually transfused prophylactically at counts less than 10 x 109/L and with higher counts in patients with hemorrhage. As compared with no prophylaxis, prophylactic platelet transfusions have been shown to be superior in reducing moderate to severe bleeding, primarily in people with leukemia. However, the evidence of prophylactic use for platelet transfusions in people with chronic bone marrow failure is lacking. Meanwhile, platelets are a precious resource and platelet transfusion carries many risks. Thus, avoiding unnecessary prophylactic platelet transfusions will have significant financial and safety implications for health services.
What did this paper set out to examine?
The authors set out to to review in thrombocytopenic patients with chronic bone marrow failure, whether prophylactic transfusions are really necessary or whether these patients can be effectively supported with only therapeutic platelet transfusions given with the onset of bleeding. In particular, they wanted to show that a therapeutic-only platelet transfusion strategy is as effective and safe as a prophylactic platelet transfusion strategy for the prevention of clinically significant bleeding in thrombocytopenic patients with primary bone marrow failure disorders.
What did they show?
The review included all patients with MDS, acquired AA, or congenital bone marrow failure disorders that were not being actively treated with a stem cell transplant or intensive chemotherapy. To maximize the number of studies eligible for inclusion, not only randomized controlled trials (RCTs), but good quality non-RCTs, and controlled before-after studies were included. Only one trial met the inclusion criteria for this review. Unfortunately, the trial was incomplete due to an unexpected slow recruiting rate. Therefore, no results were provided by the trial authors. Although the review was unable to make any recommendations on prophylactic platelet transfusion policies for this patient population, it did identify an urgent need for good quality studies in this area.
What are the implications for practice and for future work?
Thrombocytopenia (platelet counts < 10 x 109/L) is one of the most common complications in patients with chronic bone marrow failure. For example, 40% to 65% of MDS patients have thrombocytopenia. Meanwhile, in some Western countries, bone marrow failure is one of the most common underlying reasons for receiving a prophylactic platelet transfusion. However, guidelines on a therapeutic platelet transfusion strategy versus a prophylactic platelet transfusion strategy in this population are still lacking. Due to the absence of relevant data, the current review was not able to reach any conclusions on the safety and efficacy of prophylactic platelet transfusion compared with therapeutic platelet transfusion for patients with chronic bone marrow failure. Nontheless, this review identified a major gap in the literature and underscored the urgency of prioritizing research in this area. In the meantime, platelet transfusions for people with bone marrow disorders should still be managed according to national transfusion guidelines.
8. Use of platelet transfusions prior to lumbar punctures or epidural anaesthesia for the prevention of complications in people with thrombocytopenia
Estcourt L J, Malouf R, Hopewell S, Doree C, Van Veen J
BACKGROUND People with a low platelet count (thrombocytopenia) often require lumbar punctures or an epidural anaesthetic. Lumbar punctures can be diagnostic (haematological malignancies, subarachnoid haematoma, meningitis) or therapeutic (spinal anaesthetic, administration of chemotherapy). Epidural catheters are placed for administration of epidural anaesthetic. Current practice in many countries is to correct thrombocytopenia with platelet transfusions prior to lumbar punctures and epidural anaesthesia, in order to mitigate the risk of serious procedure-related bleeding. However, the platelet count threshold recommended prior to these procedures varies significantly from country to country. This indicates significant uncertainty among clinicians regarding the correct management of these patients. The risk of bleeding appears to be low, but if bleeding occurs it can be very serious (spinal haematoma). Consequently, people may be exposed to the risks of a platelet transfusion without any obvious clinical benefit.This is an update of a Cochrane Review first published in 2016. OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of different platelet transfusion thresholds prior to a lumbar puncture or epidural anaesthesia in people with thrombocytopenia (low platelet count). SEARCH METHODS We searched for randomised controlled trials (RCTs), non-randomised controlled trials (nRCTs), controlled before-after studies (CBAs), interrupted time series studies (ITSs), and cohort studies in CENTRAL (the Cochrane Library 2018, Issue 1), MEDLINE (from 1946), Embase (from 1974), the Transfusion Evidence Library (from 1950), and ongoing trial databases to 13 February 2018. SELECTION CRITERIA We included RCTs, nRCTs, CBAs, ITSs, and cohort studies involving transfusions of platelet concentrates, prepared either from individual units of whole blood or by apheresis, and given to prevent bleeding in people of any age with thrombocytopenia requiring insertion of a lumbar puncture needle or epidural catheter.The original review only included RCTs. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We used standard methodological procedures expected by Cochrane for including RCTs, nRCTs, CBAs, and ITSs. Two review authors independently assessed studies for eligibility and risk of bias and extracted data. Results were only expressed narratively. MAIN RESULTS We identified no completed or ongoing RCTs, nRCTs, CBAs, or ITSs. No studies included people undergoing an epidural procedure. No studies compared different platelet count thresholds prior to a procedure.In this update we identified three retrospective cohort studies that contained participants who did and did not receive platelet transfusions prior to lumbar puncture procedures. All three studies were carried out in people with cancer, most of whom had a haematological malignancy. Two studies were in children, and one was in adults.The number of participants receiving platelet transfusions prior to the lumbar puncture procedures was not reported in one study. We therefore only summarised in a narrative form the relevant outcomes from two studies (150 participants; 129 children and 21 adults), in which the number of participants who received the transfusion was given.We judged the overall risk of bias for all reported outcomes for both studies as 'serious' based on the ROBINS-I tool.No procedure-related major bleeding occurred in the two studies that reported this outcome (2 studies, 150 participants, no cases, very low-quality evidence).There was no evidence of a difference in the risk of minor bleeding (traumatic tap) in participants who received platelet transfusions before a lumbar puncture and those who did not receive a platelet transfusion before the procedure (2 studies, 150 participants, very low-quality evidence). One of the 14 adults who received a platelet transfusion experienced minor bleeding (traumatic tap; defined as at least 500 x 10(6)/L red blood cells in the cerebrospinal fluid); none of the seven adults who did not receive a platelet transfusion experienced this event. Ten children experienced
9. The effect of variation in donor platelet function on transfusion outcome: a semi-randomised controlled trial
Kelly AM, Garner SF, Foukaneli T, Godec TR, Herbert N, Kahan BC, Deary A, Bakrania L, Llewelyn C, Ouwehand WH, et al
Blood. 2017;130((2):):214-220
The effect of variation in platelet function in platelet donors on patient outcome following platelet transfusion is unknown. This trial assessed the hypothesis that platelets collected from donors with highly responsive platelets to agonists in vitro assessed by flow cytometry (high responder donors), are cleared more quickly from the circulation than those from low responder donors, resulting in lower platelet count increments following transfusion. This parallel group, semi-randomised double-blinded trial was conducted in a single UK centre. Eligible patients were those 16 or older with thrombocytopenia secondary to bone marrow failure, requiring prophylactic platelet transfusion. Patients were randomly assigned to receive a platelet donation from a high or low responder donor when both were available, or when only one type of platelet was available patients received that. Participants, investigators and those assessing outcomes were masked to group assignment. The primary endpoint was the platelet count increment 10-90 minutes following transfusion. Analysis was by intention-to-treat. Fifty one patients were assigned to receive platelets from low responder donors, and 49 from high responder donors (47 of which were randomised and 53 non-randomised). There was no significant difference in platelet count increment 10-90 minutes following transfusion in patients receiving platelets from high (mean 21.0 x109/L, 95% CI 4.9 to 37.2) or low (mean 23.3x109/L, 95% CI 7.8 to 38.9) responder donors (mean difference 2.3, 95%CI -1.1 to 5.7, p = 0.18). These results support the current policy of not selecting platelet donors on the basis of platelet function for prophylactic platelet transfusion.
10. Alternative agents to prophylactic platelet transfusion for preventing bleeding in people with thrombocytopenia due to chronic bone marrow failure: a meta-analysis and systematic review
Desborough M, Hadjinicolaou AV, Chaimani A, Trivella M, Vyas P, Doree C, Hopewell S, Stanworth SJ, Estcourt LJ
The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2016;((10)):CD012055.
People with thrombocytopenia due to bone marrow failure are vulnerable to bleeding. Platelet transfusions have limited efficacy in this setting and alternative agents that could replace, or reduce platelet transfusion, and are effective at reducing bleeding are needed. To compare the relative efficacy of different interventions for patients with thrombocytopenia due to chronic bone marrow failure and to derive a hierarchy of potential alternative treatments to platelet transfusions. We searched for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) in the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (the Cochrane Library 2016, Issue 3), MEDLINE (from 1946), Embase (from 1974), CINAHL (from 1937), the Transfusion Evidence Library (from 1980) and ongoing trial databases to 27 April 2016. We included randomised controlled trials in people with thrombocytopenia due to chronic bone marrow failure who were allocated to either an alternative to platelet transfusion (artificial platelet substitutes, platelet-poor plasma, fibrinogen concentrate, recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa), desmopressin (DDAVP), recombinant factor XIII (rFXIII), recombinant interleukin (rIL)6 or rIL11, or thrombopoietin (TPO) mimetics) or a comparator (placebo, standard of care or platelet transfusion). We excluded people undergoing intensive chemotherapy or stem cell transfusion. Two review authors independently screened search results, extracted data and assessed trial quality. We estimated summary risk ratios (RR) for dichotomous outcomes. We planned to use summary mean differences (MD) for continuous outcomes. All summary measures are presented with 95% confidence intervals (CI).We could not perform a network meta-analysis because the included studies had important differences in the baseline severity of disease for the participants and in the number of participants undergoing chemotherapy. This raised important concerns about the plausibility of the transitivity assumption in the final dataset and we could not evaluate transitivity statistically because of the small number of trials per comparison. Therefore, we could only perform direct pairwise meta-analyses of included interventions.We employed a random-effects model for all analyses. We assessed statistical heterogeneity using the I2 statistic and its 95% CI. The risk of bias of each study included was assessed using the Cochrane 'Risk of bias' tool. The quality of the evidence was assessed using GRADE methods. We identified seven completed trials (472 participants), and four ongoing trials (recruiting 837 participants) which are due to be completed by December 2020. Of the seven completed trials, five trials (456 participants) compared a TPO mimetic versus placebo (four romiplostim trials, and one eltrombopag trial), one trial (eight participants) compared DDAVP with placebo and one trial (eight participants) compared tranexamic acid with placebo. In the DDAVP trial, the only outcome reported was the bleeding time. In the tranexamic acid trial there were methodological flaws and bleeding definitions were subject to significant bias. Consequently, these trials could not be incorporated into the quantitative synthesis. No randomised trial of artificial platelet substitutes, platelet-poor plasma, fibrinogen concentrate, rFVIIa, rFXIII, rIL6 or rIL11 was identified.We assessed all five trials of TPO mimetics included in this review to be at high risk of bias because the trials were funded by the manufacturers of the TPO mimetics and the authors had financial stakes in the sponsoring companies.The GRADE quality of the evidence was very low to moderate across the different outcomes.There was insufficient evidence to detect a difference in the number of participants with at least one bleeding episode between TPO mimetics and placebo (RR 0.86, 95% CI 0.56 to 1.31, four trials, 206 participants, low-quality evidence).There was insufficient evidence to detect a difference in the risk of a life-threatening bleed between those treated with a TPO mimetic and placebo (RR 0.31, 95% CI 0.04 to 2.26, one tri


While Matt and Scott are off in deep space, Darren and Paul are joined by Erik Matthews and Comic Timing's Ian Levenstein for a free ranging conversation that includes a virtual tour of the new DC offices in Burbank, the perils of hamster ownership, and why Ian won't be first in line for Batman V Superman.
The Subs celebrate 6 years of podcasting by doing what they do best: Talking about comics and going off on tangents! Thanks to all of those that have followed us from the beginning, as well as those who have joined us along the way!


The good news is that Elliot Jay Stocks has published 8 Faces, a print title for typography enthusiasts. The other good news is that its limited run of 1,000 copies sold out in just a few hours. That leads us to the bad news: you won't be able to get a copy, in print at least. However, you can download a full PDF version of the magazine.
Interviews and articles — the entire magazine devoted to typography. Issue two will be published at the end of the year, so be prepared.


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Stocks Edge Higher, Led by Tech Shares
Tech stocks lifted the S&P 500 Wednesday, leaving the broad U.S. stock index hovering just shy of its record close from early May.
The benchmark index edged up less than 0.1%, boosted by gains in
Amazon.com.
The tech-heavy Nasdaq Composite gained 0.2%, while the Dow Jones Industrial Average edged down 0.1%, or about 30 points.
The S&P 500 has been subdued for much of the last two weeks as investors weigh the reopening of the economy against rising inflation and supply-chain concerns. The onset of summer months is prompting people to start taking vacation, leading to thinner trading volumes, money managers said.
"We've seen very low volatility over the past week," said John Roe, head of multiasset funds at Legal & General Investment Management. "As we get into the warmer weather, we have less market participants and a less volatile environment. This reduces liquidity."
The recent volatility in so-called meme stocks, which have gained popularity on online forums, continued Wednesday.
Clover Health Investments
shares climbed 15% after surging 86% on Tuesday.
AMC Entertainment Holdings,
by contrast, dropped 9.2%.
Worries about runaway inflation have abated in recent days, although investors remain on watch for fresh data on inflation in May that is due Thursday.
"The debate around how persistent inflation is and will be for the coming months is key. This might create some volatility," said
Luc Filip,
head of private banking investments at SYZ Private Banking. Last month's "higher than expected [consumer-price index] figures triggered quite a bit of market stress," he added.
Fresh data Wednesday showed a higher-than-expected spike in China's producer prices in May, driven by a rise in commodity prices. The consumer-price index came in below forecasts, signaling that the higher costs haven't yet been passed onto consumers.
"When you look at the global inflation picture, it is very interesting to see that actually, inflation isn't such a problem currently in Asia," Mr. Filip said.
In bond markets, the yield on the benchmark 10-year U.S. Treasury note declined to 1.472%, from 1.527% on Tuesday.
"This is about positioning," said
James Athey,
investment manager at Abrdn Standard Investments. "There is a big risk event coming up with CPI, people aren't incentivized to add a lot of risk into the event."
A trading post on the floor of the New York Stock Exchange on May 22, 2020.
brendan mcdermid/Reuters
Overseas, the pan-continental Stoxx Europe 600 was relatively flat after notching a fresh record on Tuesday.
The Shanghai Composite Index ticked up 0.3% by the close of trading, while Hong Kong's Hang Seng Index edged down 0.1%. Japan's Nikkei 225 slid 0.4%.
—Karen Langley contributed to this article.
Write to Anna Hirtenstein at [email protected]
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Global Markets Retreat as Fed Sees Earlier Interest-Rate Rises
Investors Hide From Inflation in Real-Estate Stocks
U.S. Government Bond Yields Rise After Fed Decision

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


It's getting colder here in Dharamshala. The Dhauladhars, majestic as ever but utterly barren now, are awaiting the first of the snows. Here at DIFF Central, things are winding down. Most of our team members have left and those few heady days of madness and movies are already fading into memory.
We approached DIFF 2016 with some trepidation. After hosting the past four editions at the Tibetan Institute of Performing Arts (TIPA) and the Club House in McLeod Ganj, we were forced to shift venue due to TIPA being rebuilt. The Tibetan Children's Village (TCV) – with its two auditoriums – was the only alternative but the problem was that it was not within walking distance of McLeod Ganj. How would this impact our audience participation? What would it mean for the logistics of setting up the festival in a functioning school? Everything was an unknown and it wasn't until we actually began to set up the event that we clearly understood the implications of these new challenges.
In the event, our festival team and our amazing group of volunteers pulled it together and it may not be an overstatement to say that DIFF 2016 was perhaps, the most successful ever! Take a bow, Raman, Natasha, Prateek, Phurbu, Matthew, Eline, Denis, Jyotsna, Varun, Sai Krishna, Giulia, Chokey, Thea and Mila! And let's not forget the volunteers: a more diverse, hardworking and friendly team would be difficult to find anywhere. Come again and spread the word to your friends!
Legendary actor Naseeruddin Shah kept the audience enthralled in a freewheeling conversation with film critic Rajeev Masand. His comment – "I am not a great fan of film festivals and I seldom attend them as I find them too busy and there is too much hot air all around. This is truly the first film festival I have ever been to which I enjoyed. This festival truly is a celebration of cinema rather than a market place where you are trying to hustle. I would love to be back here in future" – means a lot to us.
We have to single out for special mention the audience who came from all over India and indeed, the world. What a bunch of committed, sympathetic and engaged film lovers! They braved the bitter cold of the late evening shows, gave standing ovations to filmmakers, asked intelligent questions and were great company in every way. A big thanks to all of you! Our total count of attendees at the screenings, conversations, panel discussions, masterclass and video installations, stands at 6322, a record-breaking number for us.
As always, we are beholden to our many partners and supporters, without whose continued goodwill and involvement the festival would be dead in its tracks. A special thanks to our long-term collaborators, Thyssen-Bornemisza Art Contemporary and the Government of Himachal Pradesh for being with us every year since the beginning, and to NFDC and the Henirich Böll Foundation for stepping up their involvement. This year, we are also grateful to our Creative Partner, Weiden+Kennedy, who were responsible for DIFF's new look. And how can we not mention the wonderful staff and students of TCV who opened their doors with warmth and hospitality to the hordes of strangers who invaded their campus for a few days. A big thank you!


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Home / Top Projects of 2020 / Wisconsin Dells High School
Wisconsin Dells High School
By: Daily Reporter Staff September 29, 2021 5:00 pm
The new Wisconsin Dells High School houses students in grades 9 to 12. Previously, students shared a school with grades 6 to 8, leading to overcrowding. The new high school alleviates that crowding while providing room for growth. It also allows for the inclusion of spaces specifically tailored to the needs of older students, as well as a suite of athletic fields for various sports.
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Daily Reporter Staff
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People of the Philippines vs. Pio Templonuevo | G.R. No. L-12280, January 30, 1960
EN BANC
G.R. No. L-12280 | January 30, 1960
PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, plaintiff-appellee,
PIO TEMPLONUEVO, defendant-appellant.
Acting Solicitor General Guillermo E. Torres and Solicitor Ceferino S. Gaddi for appellee.
Rafael Triunfante and Gabiriel Torrecampo for appellant.
REYES, J.B.L., J.:
Cipriano Tapia and Pio Templonuevo were convicted of there crime of murder by the Court of First Instance of Catanduanes, for the killing of Leopaldo Gonzalo. Each of them was sentenced to suffer the penalty of reclusion perpetua, with all the accessory penalties, and to indemnity, jointly and severally, the heirs of the deceased victim in the amount of P3,000.00. This is an appeal by Pio Templonuevo alone from the judgment of conviction and from the sentence.
A close review of the evidence of record discloses that in the early morning of December 8, 1953, feast day of the town of Virac, Catanduanes, while Mamerto Balla, a cook hired for the occassion, and Cipriano Tapia, his helper., were preparing breakfast in the house of Jaime Templonuevo and his family , one Leopaldo Gonzalo, who just arrived in town by sea from Tabacco, Albay, knocked at the door and asked fro the loan of a bolo with which to court banana leaves. His request was refused by the cook, Mamerto Balla, explaining that there were only two bolos and both were then being used in the kitchen, Disappointed, Gonzalo went down. A maid of the Templonuevo then suggested that Cipriano Tapia should lend one of the bolos; whereupon, the latter followed Gonzalo downstairs. However, before anything could be said by Tapia, Gonzalo angrily remarked, "putang ina mo" (probably because of resentment), and an altercation ensued. What transpired during this period was narrated by Mamerto Bala, who remained in the kitchen. Hearing the commotion downstairs, he said, he peeped through the window of the kitchen and from that position, Templonuevo; the latter struck Gonzalo on the forehead with a piece of wood, rendering him unconscious. Thereupon, Cipriano Tapia slashed the throat of the helpless victim with a hunting knife. The lifeless body of the man was carried away by the duo and dumped behind a pile of empty drums near the Virac Electria Plant. a few meters from the house of the Templonuevo.
An examination conducted on the spot at about 8:30 the same morning by Dr. Macario Ballesteros, then Chief of the Emergency Hospital of Catanduanes, revealed that death must have occurred at about 6:30 a.m., more or less, and that the deceased had a round, bluish discoloration, of about 1 1/3 inches in diameter, in the middle auperior region of the forehead, and an incised transverse, penetrating wound which completely cut the throat till the posterior wall of the pharyngeal cavity. Dr. Ballesteros also declared in his report that the contusion found on the forehead and the incised wound in the neck were ante mortem lessions, homicidal in character (Exhibit "E"). This report was later confirmed by the doctor's testimony.
The first point urged by the defense is the propriety of appellant's conviction upon the testimony on Mamerto Balla, whose declarations, it is maintained,, must be viewed worth suspicion. Scrutinizing Balla's statements, we fail to see anything that would make us doubt his veracity. He categorically stated that he say appellant strike the deceased on the forehead with a piece of wood, thus corroborating Dr. Ballestero's report about the contusions found thereon when Gonzalo's cadaver was examined. Balla related the incident without incurring in material inconsistence. His credibility, as far as the records disclose, cannot be impugned. In fact, appellant could not attribute about this witness that would have prompted the latter to wrongfully incriminate him. The lower court who had every chance to observe his demeanor during the trial, has said: "Mamerto Blla's affidavit and testimony are trustworthy, credible and believable and true portents of truth", and we find no reason to reverse this pronouncement.
The defense assails Balla for his seeming hesitancy in that he executed an affidavit about the incident only on December 12, 1953, four days after the occurrence. This delay, however, was ascribed by him to fear of possible reprisal, and he so stated to Sgt. Amado Baloloy of the Philippine Constabulary. At any rate, it is no sound basis to destroy the otherwise credible declarations of this witness as to appellant's participation, supported as it is by those of Tapia.
The testimony of a single witness may be sufficient to produce conviction if it appears to be trustworthy and reliable (People vs. Zaballa, 86 Phil., 251 and cases cited therein). In this case, it is corroborated by the nature and positions of the grounds.
The defense gives much emphasis to Cipriano Tapia's owning that he alone committed the offense in his written statement of December 17, 1953 (Exhibit "4-Tapia"). It is to be noted, however, that Tapia's previous affidavit (Exhibit "1-Tapia and Exhibit "N") had already implicated Pio Templonuevo in the crime and the charge was reiterated later, in another sworn declaration (Exhibit "5"), and in his testimony in court as well. There is also evidence that what really prompted Tapia to exculpate the appellant was money consideration (p. 26, t.s.n., Batalla), and, in all, probability, the desire to protect his coaccused who is a relative of his employer.
The appellant's alibi is that he was working on an auto tuck and its engine, some 115 meters away from Templonuevo's house, when the slaying took place; and that he only saw Gonzalo's corpse when, summoned by Mrs. Jaime Templonuevo, he chanced to pass by the dead man. But he is contradicted by Mrs. Templonuevo's denial of having summoned the appellant; and the distance is no such as to completely exclude the possibility of appellant's participation in the heinous deed. Further taking Balla's positive testimony into account, the alibi carries no weight.
There remains the question of appellant's liability. The attack on, and slaying of, Gonzalo was admittedly the sequel to a heated dispute between the deceased and the two accused. No prearranged plan between the latter is directly or indirectly shown, so that proof of conspiracy is lacking. While appellant's participation in the attack is clearly proved, the doctor who performed the autopsy admitted that "el golpe recibido no ha sido tan fuerte"; that there was no cranial fracture, and the blow merely caused the deceased to fall unconscious, thereby exonerating the appellant from direct responsibility for the killing of the deceased. In truth, the hemorrhage due to cut around in the neck" as sole cause of death. But as it is incontrovertible that the appellant Pio Templonuevo, by rendering Gonzalo unconscious, facilitated his subsequent slaying by Tapia, said appellant must be deemed responsible as an accomplice in the killing. He cooperated in it by previous or simultaneous acts albeit non-indispensable ones, as Tapia could have killed Gonzalo with his bolo even if Templonuevo had not intervened (R.P.C. Article 18, People vs.Cortes, 55 Phil., 143; People vs. Tamayo, 56 Phil., 587; People vs. Aplegido, 76 Phil., 571; Sentencia of the Tribunal Supremo of Spain, 24 May 1879 and 13 July 1900).
Was it murder or homicide? The lower court declared it to be murder qualified by treachery, but the Solicitor General correctly points out that the absence of conspiracy and the immediately preceding quarrel belie the existence of treachery. Appellant, therefore, should be held a mere accomplice to a crime of homicide. Liability is further mitigated by provocation on the part of the deceased, who unwarrantedly insulted appellant and his companion and thereby invited retaliation.
Pursuant to Article 52 of the Revised Penal Code, the accomplice of a consummated homicide should be imposed the penalty next lower in degree to reclusion temporal (penalty for the main office). In this case, it is prision mayor in its minimum degree, because of the extenuating circumstance. Applying the Indeterminate Sentence Law, the Court impose upon appellant Pio Templonuevo not less than four (4) years of prision correccional and not more than eight (8) years of prision mayor, plus the accessory penalties prescribed by law and the civil indemnity fixed by the court below.
So ordered. No costs in this instance.
Paras, Bengzon, C.J., Padilla, Bautista Angelo, Labrador, Concepcion, Endencia, Barrera and Gutierrez David, JJ.,concur.
Previous PostTestate Estate Jose J. Javellana vs. Jose A. Javellana, et al. | G.R. No. L-13781, January 30, 1960
Next PostTestate Estate of C.O. Bohanan vs. Magdalena C. Bohanan | G.R. No. L-12105, January 30, 1960
People of the Philippines vs. Elias Nana | G.R. No. L-9483, January 30, 1960
People of the Philippines vs. Kusain Saik | G.R. No. L-6406, January 30, 1960
Rafael Rueda vs. Marcelo Juan | G.R. No. L-13764, January 30, 1960


You have to ensure the paragraphs have appropriate coherence | Pro Paint Inc.
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Work may include standing on scaffolding. According to German safety regulations, it is obligatory to wear steel-toe-boots (S1 safety boots) during work in the barn. We will provide such boots for everybody, so please let us know your size (in cm) with your application. Our preferred option would be that you contribute 10 aO and then take the boots home with you in the end, but you are not obliged. If you already have such boots, please bring them and let us know in advanceWe are part of the peace movement. We would appreciate if people joining the workcamp were interested in the peace movement, and we d be keen to learn about activities of the peace movement in your countries.Most of the volunteers will sleep in a yurt. Sleeping bag is needed.
Volunteers are invited to help us renovate an old barn to make a step forward towards establishing a museum and archive there. The barn is quite old (built in 1892) and made in combination of bricks and rubble masonry. The fieldstone wall has to be repaired and it needs regrouting. There will also be some garden work and cooking for the group. Manual work may be physically demanding and includes standing on scaffolding.Study-Part:Ulrike Laubenthal, the first chairperson of the Peace Barn Association, is a trainer in nonviolent communication and nonviolent action. She will offer training for everybody who is interested. Additionally, she is very willing to present more detailed information about the history of the Bombodrom and the struggle against it. Depending on the wishes of the participants, Niels Detloff could offer a workshop in being critical with information offered by media.
Volunteers can sleep either on mattresses in the attic of our house ore in a yurt on our meadow with a thick layer of straw. We have 3 bathrooms. Sleeping bags are necessary. WiFi is available in the house. Food here will be mostly organic, and vegetarian except for one barbecue at the ranch. We are happy to accommodate specific dietary needs; please let us know in advance if you have any allergies or such.
The venue itself is called Sichelschmiede. It is still kind of a farm, where inhabitants live together with 5 goats, 8 chickens and a cat. There is also a garden, where vegetables are grown for own use. Zempow is a very nice small village surrounded by forests. A beautiful lake is within reach. In the neighborhood one can find grazing land with horses and cattle aeuro the region is quite beautiful We will spend an evening at the local organic cattle ranch and we will make a trip to the picturesque city of Rheinsberg with its castle. September 1st is Anti War Day / World Peace Day We suggest to spend that day in Berlin together, which would give all those who want to an opportunity to participate in a peace demonstration.
Work may include standing on scaffolding. According to German safety regulations, it is obligatory to wear steel-toe-boots (S1 safety boots) during work in the barn. We will provide such boots for everybody, so please let us know your size (in cm) with your application. Our preferred option would be that you contribute 10 aO and then take the boots home with you in the end, but you are not obliged. If you already have such boots, please bring them and let us know in advanceWe are part of the peace movement. We would appreciate if people joining the workcamp were interested in the peace movement, and we d be keen to learn about activities of the peace movement in your countries. Sleeping bag is needed.


RSW- Artwork page, "Dooryard Elm"
Once owned by Gracie Allen Burns, Hollywood, Calif.
See also the Houses Gallery for related pieces.
See also the... House & Garden, June, 1937 to view article.
The following is from a letter written by RSW to Macbeth Galleries concerning this painting.
"...I have another sale to report, made only yesterday, which has an amusing angle! Do you remember my 2 paintings which hung downstairs at the Manchester show this fall - one of them the Vermont Barns which you still have there and the other an elm tree arching over a red house - The Dooryard Elm? I wonder if you did notice the latter? I made it this summer and it has not been out at all except to the Manchester exhibition. Later in the fall with one or two others it was sent out to Hollywood to a close friend, Harold Grieve, an interior decorator, who hoped to try to sell some of my work out there. Well, yesterday, Christmas, I heard "The Dooryard Elm" had been sold, and in the later mail I had a nice letter from the purchaser herself, very enthusiastically written, and stating it was the center decoration in the large new home which had just been built for her - the draperies and rugs and furnishings of the library all being designed and arranged in color about the painting (which is the way a painting should be used) - and whose library do you think my painting "graces?" Gracie Allen! - that silly dumbbell comedienne of the movie and radio team of Gracie Allen and George Burns. She wrote a charming letter anyway. Perhaps it may lead to more sales in the colony. I expect to hear from Mae West next!"


Becoming a YGL is an opportunity and a commitment. Each new class embarks on a five-year leadership journey that mobilizes their collective talents and accelerates action aimed at tackling societal, political and environmental challenges. Our goal is to create transformative experiences for next-generation leaders that enhance their skills, broaden their world view, and lead to groundbreaking initiatives.
YGLs participate in executive courses at top institutions, gaining fresh insights and practical training in areas such as public policy, energy and environment, and responsible leadership.
YGLs come together at summits, workshops and field expeditions where creative solutions and joint ventures are sparked. Exposure to new perspectives instils empathy and a sense of shared responsibility at a key juncture in their careers.
YGLs are motivated by one another and the joint leadership journey on which they embark. The dynamic YGL Community challenges them to think and act in ways they may have never imagined individually. Diversity triggers innovation.
Alumni serve as stewards of the Forum of Young Global Leaders, supporting the selection process and acting as valuable mentors to new members. Our alumni are crucial to our ongoing success, often providing support and guidance to new collaborations and helping to promote the impact-oriented mindset of the community.
I didn't realize at the time the impact it was going to have on my life. Becoming a YGL wasn't an award for past accomplishments, but an invitation to start a new journey committed to helping make the world a better place.
I have met people from different sectors, organizations and countries, and have been struck by the overwhelming desire in the community to support and to champion one another. The community and programme are changing my way of thinking, my approach to work and are giving me a platform to develop my confidence as a leader.
Having spent so much time with people creating huge change in the world, I have been inspired to achieve more with my mission to cure paralysis in our lifetime. The YGL community is filled with role models, co-creators mentors and friends who have all lead to me to think bigger and get firmly focused on collaboration.
The YGL Harvard experience was a true learning journey in every sense of the word. What made the experience particularly unique was spending almost two weeks with some of the most brilliant people I have ever met and making new friends for life.


text:
Q: Yandex api не работает Всем привет! Столкнулся с очень странной вещью. Пишу на asp.net, использую yandex api и пытаюсь добавить на карту точки, координаты которых находятся в GridView. Вроде код работает, точки добавляются, но как-то странно... Например такой вот код добавляет не три точки(в GridView3 три строки с точками), а только 2 последних, хотя если смотреть в консоли, то все три точки(Geoobject) были созданы, причем правильно.
GrView = document.getElementById('GridView3');
for(var i=1; i<GrView.rows.length;i++)
{
    id = GrView.rows[i].cells[1].innerHTML.toString();
    x = GrView.rows[i].cells[6].innerHTML.toString();
    y = GrView.rows[i].cells[7].innerHTML.toString();

    myGeoObject = new ymaps.GeoObject({
        // Описание геометрии.
        geometry: {
            type: "Point",
            coordinates: [parseFloat(x), parseFloat(y)]

        },
        // Свойства.
        properties: {
            balloonPanelMaxMapArea: 'Infinity',
            iconContent: id
        }
    }, {
        // Опции.
        // Иконка метки будет растягиваться под размер ее содержимого.
        preset: 'twirl#blueStretchyIcon',
        // Метку можно перемещать.
        draggable: false
    });

    myMap.geoObjects.add(myGeoObject);

}

А если добавлять например 6,7 или больше точек, то максимум отображаются 4.
Может кто-нибудь знает в чем тут дело?)

A: 1) У вас цикл начинается с 1, а не с 0, это ок?
2) Вы уверены, что ymaps на момент добавления точек инициализирован? У него есть метод
ymaps.ready

Сделайте
ymaps.ready(function () {console.log('ready')});

и
GrView = document.getElementById('GridView3');
console.log('Start code');

И проверьте в какой последовательности будет лог.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Бачко Душаново (мађарски: -{Zentaörs}-) је насеље у Србији у граду Суботици у Севернобачком округу. Према попису из 2011. било је 627 становника.

Овде се налази Штала у Бачком Душанову.

Демографија
У насељу Бачко Душаново живи 588 пунолетних становника, а просечна старост становништва износи 40,2 година (39,3 код мушкараца и 41,1 код жена). У насељу има 286 домаћинстава, а просечан број чланова по домаћинству је 2,59.

Становништво у овом насељу веома је нехомогено, а у последња три пописа, примећен је пад у броју становника.

Напомене
→ * — Подаци за површину и густину насељености дати су збирно за катастарску општину Чантавир, на којој се налазе два насеља, Бачко Душаново и Чантавир.

Референце

Спољашње везе

 Мапе, аеродроми и временска ситуација локација (-{Fallingrain}-)
 Гугл сателитска мапа (-{Maplandia}-)
 План насеља на мапи (-{Mapquest}-)

Насељена места у Војводини
Википројект географија/Насеља у Србији
Град Суботица
Насеља и месне заједнице Суботице

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Your books deserve better than scraps of paper stuffed in them to keep your place. Embellish your library with these lovely hymn bookmarks — hymn lyrics on one side, bold floral patterns on the back. These make great gifts for your book-loving friends and your church family. Use them as stocking stuffers or a bonus decoration on the top of a package!
The text and illustration are hand drawn by me.
The actual colors will most likely vary due to the settings on your monitor.


This information is presented "as is" with every effort having been made to ensure accuracy. Additional information is always available in the Hall County Clerk of Courts Office located at the Hall County Courthouse. Our office is open between the hours of 8 AM to 5 PM except holidays and weekends.
Case search by party name.
If no records are found, try searching with a different name or the legal name.
For example, when looking for John Q. Public, you could try searching for John Public. When looking for Johnny Public, you could try searching for John Public.
Case search by case number.
Case search by attorney name.


text:
Q: Are there different sets of PhpStorm inspection rules, for example for different versions of PHP? I am totally new to PhpStorm.  I imported some existing code via "New Project from Existing Files", and set up a scope to ignore some third party libraries, *.bak files, and such.  I also went into File / Settings / Languages & Frameworks / PHP, and set the "PHP language level" for the current project to 5.3 (which is unfortunately the appropriate level for the server where the production code will be running).
Then I did an "Inspect Code".  A bunch of warnings came up.  This is expected, as I had never used PhpStorm before.  I clicked on some of them more or less randomly, and this caught my eye:

Function mysql_error is deprecated.

Function mysql_error is not deprecated.  Well, I mean, it is, of course, but it is deprecated as of version 5.5 of PHP.  I am using an earlier version of PHP, and I thought that I had explained that fact to PhpStorm (via the "PHP language level" setting).
Maybe I can get rid of mysql_error even in PHP 5.3, I don't know yet, but this is just an example.  My main concern is that it seems likely that there will be a billion inspection warnings that are due to issues like this - i.e. due to the fact that the inspection engine seems to think I have access to a higher version of PHP than I actually do.  Is there a way to specify a different ruleset, appropriate to the version of PHP that I'm using?


text:
Q: 403/405 status code Firebase Dynamic Link I'm using Firebase Dynamic Link to redirect the users into our app and using the Google-provided domains (https://example.page.link) for the URL prefix. The link works fine for most people but sometimes some users might encountered with these issues:

Does anyone know what might cause this issue? I'm not sure how to reproduce these issues. Sometimes it will works after the user retry for multiple attempts.
Ps: It's a Flutter app. I've contacted Firebase support and they asked for minimal repro which I'm not sure how to create because it rarely happens but quite frequent.

A: Possible Reason For this :
How many dynamic links can be created in firebase?

The quota is listed in the Dynamic Links documentation: Requests are
limited to 50 queries per second 5 requests/IP address/second, and
100,000 200,000 queries per day. If exceeded, then the response will
return HTTP error code 429/403/405.


text:
Joyeeta Gupta PhD
Professor of Law and Policy in Water Resources and Environment
Joyeeta Gupta is professor of environment and development in the global south at the Amsterdam Institute for Social Science Research of the University of Amsterdam and IHE Delft Institute for Water Education in Delft. She is also a member of the Amsterdam Global Change Institute. She is editor-in-chief of International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics (IF 2.0) and is on the editorial board of journals like Carbon and Law Review, International Journal on Sustainable Development, Environmental Science and Policy, Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, Catalan Environmental Law Journal, Review of European Community and International Environmental Law and the new International Journal of Water Governance. She was and continues to be lead author in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change which shared the 2007 Nobel Peace Prize with Al Gore and of the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment which won the Zaved Second Prize. She has published extensively. She is on the scientific steering committees of many different international programmes including the Global Water Systems Project and Earth System Governance.
Schubert, S. and J. Gupta (2013). Comparing Global Coordination Mechanisms on Energy, Environment, and Water, Ecology and Society, 8(2): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5751/ES-05440-180222.
Dellapenna, J., J. Gupta, L. Wenjing, and F. Schmidt (2013). Thinking about the future of Global Water Governance, Ecology and Society, in press.
Brink, M.van den, S. Meijerink, C. Termeer and J. Gupta (2013). Climate-proof planning for flood-prone areas: assessing the adaptive capacity of planning institutions in the Netherlands, Regional Environmental Change, DOI 10.1007/s10113-012-0401-7.
Siebel, M.A., V.S. Rotter, A.Nabende, and J. Gupta (2013). Clean development mechanism: a way to sustainable waste management in developing countries?, Osterr Wasser- und Abfallw, 65:42–46, DOI 10.1007/s00506-012-0052-4.
Agyenim, J.B. and J. Gupta (2013). Water management in Ghana: between the idea and the implementation, Journal of Natural Resources Policy Research, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19390459.2012.668100
Bastos Lima, M. And Joyeeta Gupta (2013). The Policy Context of Biofuels: A Case of Non-Governance at the Global Level?, Global Environmental Politics, 13(2): 48-66.
Gupta, J., A. Akhmouch, W. Cosgrove, Z. Hurwitz, J. Maestu, and O. Unver (2013). Policymakers' reflections on water governance issues. Ecology and Society, 18(1): 35. [online] URL: http://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol18/iss1/art35/
Li, H., J. Gupta and M.P. van Dijk (2013). China's Drought Strategies in Rural Areas Along the Lancang River, Water Policy, 15:1-18.
Gupta, J. (2012). Glocal Forest and REDD+ Governance: Win-Win or Lose-Lose, Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 4: 1-8.
Gupta, J. (2012). Negotiating Challenges and Climate Change, Climate Policy, 12(5): 630-644.
(in Korean) Gupta, J. (2005). Our Simmering Planet: What to do About Global Warming, Zed Publishers , London, p. 178, 2nd edition, p. 339.
Gupta, J. (2001). Our Simmering Planet: What to do About Global Warming, Zed Publishers, London, p. 178.
Gupta, J. (2001). "En Nombre de mi Delegacion …": Un manual para los negociadores de cambio climatico de los paises en desarollo; Center for Sustainable Development of the Americas, Washington D.C., p. 104. (Spanish translation of Gupta 2000).
Gupta, J. (2001). "Au nom de ma Delegation …..: Guide de survie des negociateurs des pays en developpement sur le climat", Center for Sustainable Development of the Americas, Washington D.C., p. 102. (French translation of Gupta 2000).
Gupta, J. (2000). On Behalf of My Delegation: A Guide for Developing Country Climate Negotiators, Center for Sustainable Development of the Americas, Washington D.C., p 100.
Gupta, J. (1997). The Climate Change Convention and Developing Countries - From Conflict to Consensus?, Environment and Policy Series, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, pp. 256.
Joyeeta Gupta
Strengthening water governance, education and research


"When a crime is committed under hypnosis, who is the real perpetrator?"
"From time to time, something in the news calls our attention to something that our laws and our criminal justice system have not yet taken adequately into account.
Masters takes us to a question that addresses some delicate areas of life. Before we look at the imagination and the power of identification that is its throttle, we can ask one of the most important questions in medicine.
Are doctors deliberately conditioned and hypnotized in medical school and held captive by their local medical boards?
"I discovered that physicians, despite their great power, were themselves subjected to very strict controls over every aspect of their professional lives. These controls, surprisingly enough, were not wielded by any state or federal agency, although almost every other aspect of American life is now under the absolute control of the bureaucracy.
The physicians have their own autocracy, a private trade association, the American Medical Association.
A broad-based attack on the fundamental paradigm/philosophy and commitment to "do no harm" to patients has been in operation for over a century. Pharmaceutical interests have betrayed the field of medicine and everyone in it by directing doctors and nurses to do harm, thus betraying their medical oaths.
They have done this through a deep penetration of medical students' imaginations just as a hypnotist does to his subjects.
Are pediatricians responsible for their brutal treatment of kids or are they under the hypnotic manipulation of their pharmaceutical masters?
Who are the actual perpetrators of pharmaceutical terrorism, the ones with the poisons in their hands (vaccines are loaded with toxic substances) or those who create and market the dangerous drugs and pocket the change, taking it home to their mansions at night?
Dr. David Brownstein reminds us not to pay any attention to the propaganda about this year's flu shots because of all the poisons in it.
"The flu shot contains a mixture of egg proteins including bird contaminant viruses.
The multi-dose flu vaccines still contain mercury which is the third most toxic item known to mankind. You should not ingest or inject any mercury containing products.
A clear question is about the men who have gone absolutely wild shooting up people and children while on, or on withdrawal from, pharmaceutical medications that are known to distort peoples sense of themselves and of reality.
What or who is responsible? The antidepressants or those who prescribe them, dispense them, fabricate them, and regulate them?
A Canadian judge ruled that Prozac was the cause that led a teenage high school student - with no prior history of violence - to inexplicably murder his friend by stabbing him with a single wound to the chest.
The judge based his determination largely on the compelling expert testimony by U.S. psychiatrist, Peter Breggin, MD who submitted scientific evidence showing the risk of drug-induced violence posed by antidepressants such as Prozac.
The judge was also persuaded by the fact that when Prozac was withdrawn from the boy, his behavior returned to normal.
Dr. Breggin testified that his primary care physician and his parents alerted the prescribing psychiatric clinic to the boy's deteriorating condition, but the clinic continued the Prozac and then doubled it.
Certainly the act of madmen!
This is the first criminal case in North America where a judge has specifically found that an antidepressant was the cause of a murder.
The discovery that many people with life problems or occasional bad moods would willingly dose themselves with antidepressants sailed the drug industry through the 2000s.
A good chunk of the $4.5 billion a year direct-to-consumer advertising has been devoted to convincing people they don't have problems with their job, the economy and their family, they have depression.
It is highly possible for a skilled manipulator to program someone else to do his or her dirty work, and even to convince the ultimate perpetrator that it was his own idea, that he acted on his own accord.
A suitable subject can be programmed so as to have no memory of being programmed, or of the person who hypnotized him, or of the details of what happened.
The lie about hypnosis is that one cannot be hypnotized to think what is untrue or to act against one's own free will. This is false, and skilled manipulators have known this forever.
The manipulators have guarded this secret carefully, partly by repeating the lie that such influence is impossible.
fields of intelligence, resulting in fields of form.
All forms are created of images.
These images are in essence the super structure of the universe. They are the subsoil of everything. Everything has to take some kind of shape, some kind of form to come into a state of existence. Imagination is the creative power.
Everything in the universe somehow has an image of itself.
deepest psychological work we can do.
If we cannot imagine something it means that we cannot really see that something.
The imaginative level of consciousness is our ability to both shape and perceive reality. It is at the core of everything we think, feel, and do. In the deepest sense, our life is like a movie and our life situation is the substance of the movie. We are the ones who are making our own movie on the imaginative level of consciousness and we are the actors that act it all out.
We spend our consciousness just like we spend money and we spend it through the imagination. We can create a great movie or a lousy one. It all depends on how we use our imagination, or let our imaginations use us.
We are the ones making the movie of our own life and we are the ones who are either going to laugh at it all or cry our hearts out.
that brings order out of chaos.
It is this sight that makes men and women with open imaginations great. From nothing comes something. From the blank canvas comes a masterpiece. The imagination is the power with which we "will" events into a pattern and into existence.
We form ourselves into a pattern of life and this is controlled by our creative imagination.
The imagination is the power to be able to perceive the images of life. These images are happening on many levels and thus our imaginations itself has different levels of function. It is the basic capacity to see with our eyes and to dream with our mind that is the primary function of the imagination in human consciousness. The basic capacity of sight has two components and each is an aspect of the imagination.
The image is in our own brain and it really has no size to it at all. We never "see" physical reality; we see our imagination's representation of it. Everything in the "created" universe as an image, a shape, a form, and astral forms are those forms that continue even without any physical component.
We are given the imagination to be able to see these forms.
The process of identification is the key to the mysteries of the imagination.
Imagination is the creative power - and the process of identification is that which traps or forms our consciousness into a mold. Identification is the deep psychic process of becoming one with something. It is through identification that we create our identity.
When we identify with a feeling or a thought, we feed those impressions, we make them more important; we own them as our own and incorporate them into our self-image. It is through the process of identification that we become one with our experiences. They become ours.
The negative expression of aggression here is the calculated use of the imagination to enslave men. Psychological warfare is an example, but beyond that, it is the armed use of the imagination by men who know that what people think about themselves is what they become.
Thus, there can be no greater aggression than to consciously manipulate and promote unsuspecting men and women into seeing themselves as something they are not in order that they may be exploited.


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Joseph R. McCarthy
National Archives, Washington, D.C.
(1908–57). The term McCarthyism will probably long endure in American politics as a synonym for "witch-hunt," for making serious but unsubstantiated charges against people in public life. Joseph R. McCarthy served as United States senator from Wisconsin from January 1947 until his death on May 2, 1957. His career in the Senate was rather quiet and undistinguished until Feb. 9, 1950. Then, in a speech to a Republican women's club in Wheeling, W. Va., he announced that he had a list of 57 "known Communists" who were employed by the State Department. Two days later he retracted the charge, but on February 20 he repeated it, raising the number to 205. McCarthy's charges led to years of Senate and House investigations into subversive activities as well as to much public and government turmoil.
Joseph Raymond McCarthy was born on Nov. 14, 1908, in Grand Chute, near Appleton, Wis. He studied law at Marquette University and was admitted to the bar in 1935. In 1939 he was elected a circuit judge on the Republican ticket and served until 1942, when he entered the Marine Corps for service in World War II. In 1946 he won an upset victory in the primary election over Robert M. La Follette, Jr., and went on to win a Senate seat in the general election. He was reelected in 1952, though he trailed the rest of the Republican ticket in Wisconsin.
Early in his second term McCarthy became chairman of the Senate Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations. This gave him the platform he needed to conduct wide-ranging investigations into alleged Communist influence in government. He charged that the country, under presidents Franklin D. Roosevelt and Harry S. Truman, had been victimized by "20 years of treason." Throughout his campaign he was never able to produce any evidence of subversion against a single person he defamed. Nevertheless, through artfully contrived accusations and unrelenting publicity, McCarthy drove many individuals from their jobs, brought popular condemnation on others, and destroyed the reputations of an uncounted number of people. Gradually he came to be denounced as a demagogue whose tactics did a disservice to the cause of democracy.
McCarthy's undoing began in 1954, when he conducted 36 days of nationally televised hearings investigating the Army. For the first time the whole American public was able to watch him work. By this time he had already broken with many members of his own party. (He included President Dwight D. Eisenhower on his list of "traitors.") In 1954, after the midterm elections, he was removed as chairman of the subcommittee. On December 2 he was censured by the Senate on a vote of 67 to 22, and his popularity rapidly declined. He died on May 2, 1957, at the Bethesda Naval Hospital in Maryland.


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National Park Adventures
Olympic, Grand Canyon, Yosemite, Glacier, Zion, Grand Teton, Mount Rainier, Canyonlands, Sequoia, Great Smoky Mountains. To backpackers, these names read like a list of America's greatest cathedrals in nature—and no surprise, because these parks harbor some of the most scenic wilderness trails in the country. Hike any of them and it will earn a spot on your personal top-10 list. Knock off every trip on this list and you will experience some of the finest landscapes not only in the nation, but on the planet.
How to Get a Yosemite or High Sierra Wilderness Permit
Ah, the High Sierra. Yosemite. Sequoia and Kings Canyon national parks. The John Muir Wilderness and Ansel Adams Wilderness, Mount Whitney, and countless other, less famous but equally beautiful spots. Every backpacker who has ever walked for days through any of these wildlands holds them in special reverence—and for good reasons, given this seemingly infinite landscape's constellations of sharply pointed granite peaks and alpine lakes, too many waterfalls to name, and rivers and creeks so pretty they make your heart glad. Plus, with thousands of miles of trails, you could spend a lifetime wandering here without seeing it all.
Little wonder there's so much competition for backcountry permits throughout most of the High Sierra. But read on because the time for planning and reserving a permit for trips this summer is coming up fast.
Thru-Hiking the John Muir Trail: The Ultimate, 10-day, Ultralight Plan
Are you planning to thru-hike the John Muir Trail? "America's Most Beautiful Trail" should be on every serious backpacker's tick list. After hiking it in a blazing (and slightly crazy) seven days, I became convinced that—while that was quite hard—the traditional itinerary of spreading the roughly 221 miles (plus more than 10 miles descending Mount Whitney) over about three weeks has a serious flaw: With limited food-resupply options, you'll carry a monster pack that may not only make you sore and uncomfortable, it could cause injuries that cut short your trip.
My 30 Most Scenic Days of Hiking Ever
We can all remember specific places that we consider the best days of hiking we've ever had. I've been exceptionally fortunate: I have hiked many trails in America and around the world that would probably make anyone's list of most-scenic hikes. From numerous trips in iconic national parks like Yosemite, Zion, Grand Canyon, and Glacier to the John Muir Trail and Teton Crest Trail and some of the world's great treks, including the Alta Via 2 in Italy's Dolomite Mountains, the Tour du Mont Blanc, New Zealand's Tongariro National Park, Iceland's Laugavegur and Fimmvörðuháls trails, and the icy and jagged mountains of Norway and Patagonia, here's a list of the 30 hands-down prettiest days I've ever spent walking dirt and rock footpaths.
I think you'll find some places in here to add to your must-do list.
How to Get a John Muir Trail Wilderness Permit in 2023
Sometimes it can seem like everyone who's ever carried a backpack through mountains somewhere wants to thru-hike the John Muir Trail—especially when it comes time to apply for a JMT wilderness permit. And why not? "America's Most Beautiful Trail" earns its nickname and ranks indisputably among "America's Top 10 Best Backpacking Trips." Consequently, few permits are harder to get; most people who apply get rejected. This story explains the various ways to reserve a John Muir Trail wilderness permit. And the time for reserving a permit for this summer is coming up very quickly.