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Містобудівне́ проєктува́ння, або міське́ проєктува́ння, — дисципліна, яка вивчає просторову конфігурацію, зовнішній вигляд і функціональність елементів міста чи іншого населеного пункту. Особлива увага приділяється розробці конфігурації місць загального користування, у яких здійснюється повсякденна діяльність містян (вулиці, площі, парки, громадська інфраструктура). Містобудівне проєктування є дисципліною, що знаходиться на стику і синтезує підходи міського (урбаністичного) планування, ландшафтного дизайну та архітектури. Містобудівне проєктування вимагає розуміння політичних, соціальних та економічних факторів.

Походження терміну
Термін urban design (містобудівне проєктування) був запропонований в 1956 році на міжнародній конференції в Гарвардській вищій школі дизайну (проєктування) (Harvard Graduate School of Design (GSD)).

Містобудівне проєктування вивчає
 Міську структуру — яким чином розташування (райони) міста пов'язані один з одним;
 Міську типологію — просторові типи і морфології, що впливають на частоту і інтенсивність використання містобудівних структур;
 Доступність — забезпечення простоти і безпеки переміщення через простори міста;
 Впізнаваність — забезпечення розуміння призначення місця розташування, а також усвідомлення того, у якому місці знаходиться містянин в даний момент часу;
 Пожвавлення — проєктування місць розташування таким чином, щоб стимулювати інтенсивність використання містобудівних форм містянами;
 Взаємодоповнювальне (комплементарне) змішане використання — таке розміщення різноманітних видів активності мешканців, щоб здійснювалася взаємодія між ними;
 Характер і значення — впізнаваність і оцінка відмінностей між частинами міста;
 Закономірність і випадковість — забезпечення балансу однаковості і різноманітності міського середовища;
 Громадянське суспільство — створення місць розташування де містяни можуть здійснювати політичну взаємодію як громадяни держави, як політичні суб'єкти.

Роботи
Роботи Джейн Джекобс (Jane Jacobs), Кевіна Лінча (Kevin Lynch), Гордона Кулена (Gordon Cullen) і Крістофера Александера (Christopher Alexander) стали основою для розвитку містобудівного проєктування як самостійного наукового напряму.

Гордон Куллен в роботі «Виразність міського ландшафту» (The Concise Townscape) розробив концепцію «послідовного виду», визначаючи міський ландшафт як послідовність пов'язаних один з одним просторів-місць.

Кевін Лінч пропонує звести теорію містобудівного проєктування до п'яти елементів — шляхи, райони, кути, вузли, орієнтири.

Пітер Калторп (Peter Calthorpe) відстоюючи ідею раціоналізації міського простору із забезпеченням середньої щільності заселення, пропонував здійснювати будівництво нових поселень відповідно до принципів транзитно-орієнтованого проєктування.

Білл Хіллієр (Bill Hillier) і Джулія Хансон (Julienne Hanson) в роботі «Соціальна логіка простору» (The Social Logic of Space, 1984) запропонували концепцію «просторового синтаксису», у якій розкривається зумовленість здорової соціальної атмосфери, поширеності асоціальних моделей поведінки, моделей економічно-успішної поведінки зразками переміщення жителів міста, логікою просторової конфігурації елементів міста і житла, що визначають ці зразки переміщення.

Різновиди
Різновидами містобудівного проєктування є:
Багатофункціональне проєктування
Транзитно-орієнтоване проєктування

Посилання

Див. також
 Щільність забудови
 Блокована забудова
 Містобудування
Типове проєктування

Посилання

  5th International Urban Design Conference
   4th International Urban Design Conference
   2th International Urban Design Conference
  Shenzhen & Hong Kong Bi‐City Biennale of Urbanism & Architecture
  Bat Yam International Biennale of Landscape Urbanism  2010
 Cities of the Future: overview of important urban design elements
 MA Theories of Urban Practice program in New York City

Література
 Архітектурний образ міста : навч. посіб. / Б. С. Посацький, Є. І. Король, Г. Є. Кознарська ; Нац. ун-т "Львів. політехніка". - Львів : Вид-во Львів. політехніки, 2019. - 139 с. : рис. - Бібліогр.: с. 139.  - ISBN 978-966-941-322-2
 Містобудівне проектування : навч. посіб. / за ред.: Г. П. Петришин, Б. С. Посацького, Ю. В. Ідак ;  Нац. ун-т "Львів. політехніка". — Львів : Вид-во Львів. політехніки, 2016—2017.
 Ч. 1 : Місто як об'єкт проектування / за ред. Г. П. Петришин [та ін.]. — 2016. — 324, [1] с. : іл., табл. — ISBN 978-617-607-966-8
 Ч. 2 : Проектування структурних елементів міста / [Г. П. Петришин та ін.]. - 2017. - 285, [1] с. : рис., табл. - ISBN 978-966-941-079-5
 Планування міст : підруч. для студ. вищ. навч. закл. / В. В. Дідик, А. П. Павлів ; Національний ун-т "Львівська політехніка". - Л. : Львівська політехніка, 2006. - 411 с.: рис. - Бібліогр.: с. 404-406. - ISBN 966-553-513-7

Містобудування
Антропогенний ландшафт

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
ESSAY: Is War Too Easy, asks CHRISTOPHER KREMMER
Confronted by the prospect of war in the Hindu battle epic The Mahabharata, the hero Arjuna seeks wise counsel from Krishna, the God of Love.
The enemy, a rival family called the Kauravas, are blood relations. Surely there must be a more sensible way of resolving disputes than bloody conflict, Arjuna asks, hoping the blue boy deity will provide a reprieve.
But Krishna surprises and dismays Arjuna, delivering instead the grim lecture known as the Bhaghavad Gita, the moral foundation of Hindu scripture for 2000 years.
"Those who have joined the forces against justice and righteousness have to perish," he lectures him. "The good must be protected ... arise and do your duty."
Today, in these stumbling early years of the 21st century, the ancient dilemma of war and peace confronts us again with its ageless relevance. Dictatorships and democracies, superpowers and basket-cases all confront the same challenge.Violently provoked by Muslim rebels and iconoclasts, our leaders urge us to war.
When the barbarian is at the gates, citizens of Western, liberal democracies can be relied upon to rally to the defence of the things they hold dear. We enjoy the fruits of collective membership of an empire greater than Rome or Britain ever knew in terms of its power to create and destroy. We may be a mere outstation office of US imperial hegemony, but our national mission statement is to serve American objectives, which generally we share as our own.
But when the threat is amorphous or unclear as in Iraq we are as hesitant as Arjuna before the battle of Kurukshetra, or to choose an example closer to home, the camel driver in David Williamson's screenplay for Peter Weir's Gallipoli.
At the time of Federation, Australians possessed a naive enthusiasm for war which today seems quite shocking. But a native streak of cynicism has always alloyed the "blood and fire" school of nationalism. Crossing the desert on their way to enlist for what became World War I, Williamson's callow diggers Archy and Frank Dunne meet a camel driver, who is surprised to learn that Australia and Germany are at war:
Camel driver: The Australians fightin' already?
Archy: In Turkey.
CD: Turkey? Why's that?
Archy: Because Turkey's a German ally.
CD: Can't see what it's got to do with us.
Archy: If we can't stop them there, they could end up here.
Unmoved by this appeal to his patriotism, the camel driver surveys the vast, useless desert all around them, and replies, "And they're welcome to it!"'
The war on terrorism has always been a difficult sell to sceptical Australians. Even in the US, where September 11 has provoked understandable wrath and insecurity, opposition remains significant as the "war" moves rapidly on from Afghanistan towards Iraq.
Citizens of the democracies observe with alarm a seamless dovetailing of language and strategy as their elected leaders, with remarkable alacrity, calibrate the political process to facilitate the use of force. They suspect a deliberate obfuscation by their leaders and their propagandists of the real motivations for pursuing national objectives by waging war, when other means are available.
Wars are often fought on dubious moral foundations, a fact leaders justify on the grounds of national interest. In the privacy of the cabinet or national security council, the national interest is calculated in hard-headed, hard-hearted terms. The global environment is perceived as inherently threatening, a zero-sum game in which only one nation or alliance can win. Money equals power and resources are scarce. The foundation of foreign policy is the determination never to allow "others" to determine our destiny. To control our environment, we inevitably must control others. In the jargon of foreign policy this is called "realism".
"The defining characteristic of realism," wrote foreign affairs commentator Robert Kaplan, "is that international relations are governed by different moral principles than domestic politics." Or as George Kennan, architect of American Cold War policy, put it, in matters of diplomacy "other criteria, sadder, more limited, more practical, must be allowed to prevail".
To cynics, such as the late Stanley Kubrick, that's just so much window-dressing in the department store of power. "The great nations have always acted like gangsters, and the small nations like prostitutes," Kubrick said.
Sometimes as in the war against fascism moral purity and national interest coincide. But even when they don't, when shades of hypocrisy or double-dealing taint our "interests", our approach will be couched in moral terms. Dictatorships and absolute monarchies can articulate grand ambitions based on conquest, but democracies must be sensitive to the delicacies of public opinion. By its very nature this is divided, but tending towards conservatism in all but exceptional circumstances.
When most of a democracy's citizens are Christians, pacifism can pose a serious threat to the national interest. Taking Christ's "turn the other cheek" idea literally, the early Christians refused until the 4th century to do military service. But when the Roman emperor Constantine converted, Christian soldiers bolstered his legions.
To overcome the dangers of rampant, mindless pacifism in Christian societies, theologians such as St Augustine, and, later, St Thomas Aquinas and Hugo Grotius evolved an elaborate philosophy allowing for "just" wars. Just warriors fight only when attacked, or when their enemies are on the offensive and immune to negotiation. Sanctioned by a legitimate authority a king or prime minister will do they use the minimum force needed to vanquish the aggressor, and are satisfied to restore the status quo (minus threat), rather than exploit victory for territorial gain.
Like all theories, however, ideas of the "just war" are malleable. On the face of it, regime change doesn't pass muster as an element of a just war. Freeing Iraq from home-grown despotism is supposed to be a job for the Iraqis. Yet if Saddam's regime is judged to be an irredeemable threat, then removing him is "just".
St Thomas Aquinas would not have approved duplicitous motives, such as controlling oil reserves, "for it may happen that the war is declared by the legitimate authority for a just cause, and yet be rendered unlawful through a wicked intention". But contemporary theorists argue that ulterior motives are irrelevant, so long as the threat is real and the response remains proportionate to it. Even pre-emptive strikes, like Israel's 1967 Six-Day War, are considered legitimate, if an aggressor's intentions are unmistakeable. As Bertolt Brecht put it, "War always finds a way."
Yet formulating a general theory for how democracies go to war is complicated by the fact that every war is unique, to be fought or avoided against a set of circumstances that is changing continually and, often, rapidly. Bill Clinton never took off the gloves in his dealings with Saddam or Osama bin Laden. Memories of Mogadishu were too fresh in the minds of voters to risk American lives in ground combat.
Add September 11 and a Republican president, and America's response to anyone who defies its power has become markedly more aggressive. The US Administration backed by an angry public is not only responding in kind to terrorism, but is exploiting the opportunities it has created to reshape the world in America's image.
It is often said that democracies produce great leaders only when they need them Churchill's emergence during World War II and defeat at the polls when the war was won being a prime example. In times of peace and prosperity, voters elect the political equivalent of glorified accountants and bailiffs to manage the economy and crack down on crime.
America's founding fathers sensed that, in war and peace, democratic leaders were likely to be long on expediency and short on vision. They recognised the temptation presidents might face to distract attention from domestic problems by embarking on endless military adventures abroad. The constitution they framed spreads the risk by giving the final say on declarations of war to the Congress. George Bush snr only narrowly obtained the approval of both houses of Congress for the 1991 Gulf War.
Without a powerful, elected president, Australia faces less danger of being hurled into war on the say-so of an individual. Executive decisions are the prerogative of the group of elected members of Parliament who form the cabinet. Yet as a group, the executive enjoys greater leeway to declare war than its American counterpart. It does not require parliamentary approval or even debate to do so.
The Hawke government sent Australian navy frigates to the Gulf in 1990 without parliamentary discussions, and John Howard has signalled he will do the same if push comes to shove with Iraq this time. Howard has promised there will be a parliamentary debate, but only after cabinet has decided on its course. With Australian forces on their way, room for political discussion about the merits of the cause is severely restricted, as Howard well knows.
Also, media strategists plan the timing, volume and intensity of their leaders' statements to ensure that war, when it comes, seems inevitable, rather than shocking, and that we all know who our enemies are.
The media, of course, provides a parallel discourse in which competing voices are able to argue the pros and cons of war. But the debate there is dominated by media gurus and defence and foreign policy wonks. It is a no-man's land for pacifists, who are relentlessly marginalised as bleeding hearts, or in extreme cases, as traitors. As insiders increasingly dismiss voices other than those that agree with them, the public's sense of impotence grows.
"It is hardly surprising that the electorate is turning its back on conventional politics, even in countries that proclaim democracy as one of their greatest achievements," wrote American academic Noreena Hertz in The Silent Takeover.
And it's not just the character and course of war debates that has become as predictable as an Ashes Test match. The outcome of wars seems increasingly pre-determined, imbued with about as much suspense as a turkey shoot, and raising the disturbing question, "Has war become too easy?"
"If military action is cost-free," asks Michael Ignatieff, professor of human rights practice at Harvard University, "what democratic restraints will remain on the resort to force?"
In the face of George W. Bush's rage towards Iraq, the sole effective restraint on military action has been the United Nations system. With their own interests threatened by untrammelled American power, Russia, France and China exercised their power to counterbalance America's wishes in the UN Security Council. Frustrated, but far from beaten, the US Administration submitted to a new round of weapons inspections in Iraq.
A secondary factor is that, in the 21st century, literate Western voters have access to almost as much information as their leaders. The demand that Washington produce evidence that Saddam is lying about his weapons capabilities before any invasion reflects the increasingly mature nature of the public discourse. "Trust me" is no longer a politically viable reply.
But the "realist" paradigm continues to drive foreign policy, the same concept that created the scourge of terrorism we now confront. The US Administration chose to secretly arm and train an international force of Muslim extremists in Afghanistan in the '80s, and kept supporting them even after the Soviet invaders had retreated. "Realist" foreign policy without a sincere commitment to defending democracy at home and advancing justice abroad promises only more and deadlier conflicts.
"The lesson we have to learn from September 11 is that morality has to play a larger role in international relations," wrote George Soros after the twin towers crumbled. "We have global markets but we do not have global society. And we cannot build a global society without taking into account moral considerations."
Or, as Napoleon I put it, "There is no authority without justice."
On the threat posed by weapons of mass destruction, Soros notes the Bush Administration's lack of interest in the multilateral approach embodied by international conventions on chemical, biological and nuclear weapons.
"Yet it is the only [approach] that has a chance of success," he says.
Opinion polls have suggested that not even the Bali atrocity has persuaded Australians of the need for war in Iraq. Yet government ministers say privately there is no possibility of Australia rejecting any US request for military help in the Persian Gulf, whether or not the plan is backed by the UN, or the Australian public. According to some observers, this corporatisation of the West's global strategy and a reduced role for democratic opposition will be a feature of future wars.
"Such conflict will feature warriors on one side, motivated by grievance and rapine, and an aristocracy of statesmen, military officers, and technocrats on the other, motivated, one hopes, by ancient virtue," wrote Kaplan in Warrior Politics.
Aristocracy was ever the enemy of democracy, and as the The New York Times veteran journalist Brooks Atkinson observed in Once Around the Sun, after each war there is a little less democracy to save.
-- Spectrum, The Sydney Morning Herald
Political tracts: The good, the bad and the badly written
Sidekick Howard's Iraq War doomed Afghan peace hopes
Recruiting a holy army of hate

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


A 15-year-old boy faces drug charges after police say he sold crack cocaine to an informant Wednesday in Hagerstown.
The boy is charged with distribution of crack cocaine, possession with intent to distribute crack cocaine, possession of crack cocaine, possession of controlled-dangerous substances paraphernalia and resisting arrest, the Hagerstown Police Department said.
He was arrested after allegedly selling $50 worth of crack cocaine to an informant at 6:40 p.m. Wednesday near Ross and Concord streets, police said.
FREDERICK, Md. - A Frederick motorist who was pulled over for a traffic violation was charged with drug possession after a police dog scanned his vehicle, the Frederick County Sheriff's Department said.
Michael L. Curtis, 28, was charged with possession of marijuana and possession of paraphernalia after the traffic stop at about 11:20 p.m. Tuesday on Crestwood Boulevard near Corporate Drive, the Sheriff's Department said.
He was pulled over for failing to have proper tag-light illumination, the Sheriff's Department said.
A 13-year-old girl is charged with making a written bomb threat at Northern Middle School in Hagerstown, police said.
A threat was found inside the school at about 8:20 a.m. Wednesday, according to Hagerstown Police.
School staff helped police identify a suspect, police said.
The girl, whose name was not released, is charged with making a false statement regarding a destructive device, disturbing school operations and malicious destruction of property.
CHAMBERSBURG, Pa. - A Chambersburg man was charged with disorderly conduct after an incident at 8:32 a.m. Thursday, Chambersburg police said in a news release.
Police said Mark R. Farley, 41, of 141 E. Vine St., was thought to be unconcious along Philadelphia Avenue, but he ran south when an ambulance arrived. He attempted to enter a Vine Street home, police said.
"Due to Farley's disruptive behavior and the significant inconvenience Farley caused to the public, a citation was issued to Farley and he was released to a friend," police wrote.
CHAMBERSBURG, Pa. - A juvenile and an 18-year-old Chambersburg woman are accused of stealing from a shop where they worked, Pennsylvania State Police in Chambersburg said.
Ashley Marie Runyon and the juvenile are charged with theft, police said. Police allege they took lottery tickets from the Carousel Ice Cream Shop on Warm Spring Road between July and September, a press release states.
GREENCASTLE, Pa. - Two Harrisburg, Pa., men were charged in the Nov. 18 burglary of Blazin' Auto on Pa. 16, according to Pennsylvania State Police.
Police said that at 2:39 a.m., Robert Marrett Stewart, 38, and Martinel Lamar Hill, 26, were loading items into a van that was stolen from Fisher's Florist.
The men were charged with burglary, criminal conspiracy and two counts each of theft, receiving stolen property and criminal mischief.
GREENCASTLE, Pa. - Firearms and jewelry were stolen from a home in the 2200 block of Shinham Road between 7:15 a.m. and 4:56 p.m. Wednesday, Pennsylvania State Police said in a news release.
At 3 p.m., a student's wallet was reported stolen at Williamsport High School.
At 5 p.m., a BlackBerry device and a camera phone were reported stolen from a Ford F-150 truck that was left unlocked at Prime Outlets at Hagerstown.
At 5:30 p.m., a cell phone was reported stolen from a student's locker at Boonsboro Middle School.
At 9:30 p.m., a residence in the 21300 block of Mount Lena Road was burglarized. Two bracelets, a necklace and $800 in change were reported stolen.
At 11 a.m., the windshield of a Ford F-350 truck was reported damaged at Hagerstown Ford. The damage was estimated at $500.
At 11 a.m., several stepladders and tools were reported stolen from a construction site on Cool Hollow Road. They were valued at $700.
FREDERICK, Md. - Two Suitland, Md., men face drug charges after a police dog scanned the vehicle in which they were riding during a traffic stop, the Frederick County Sheriff's Department said.
Charles H. Evans, 45, is charged with possession of crack cocaine, possession of crack with intent to distribute and possession of drug paraphernalia, and Howard W. Hall, 31, is charged with possession of marijuana and possession of drug paraphernalia, the department said.


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text:
namespace Pattern8.LazyInitialization
{
    using System.Collections.Generic;

    /// <summary>
    /// Typical example for Proxy pattern use
    /// </summary>
    public class UserProxy : User
    {
        public override List<string> Roles
        {
            get
            {
                if (base.Roles == null)
                {
                    // Get the values from the database
                    // Here is the lazy loading
                    base.Roles = new List<string> { "Admin" };
                }

                return base.Roles;
            }

            set
            {
                base.Roles = value;
            }
        }

        public override bool Equals(object obj)
        {
            var other = obj as User;
            if (other == null)
            {
                return false;
            }

            return other.Id == this.Id;
        }

        public override int GetHashCode()
        {
            return this.Id.GetHashCode();
        }
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: PHP generated semi transparent background color using opacity affects text I'm working with a background-color which should be 70% transparent, but I have many limitations:

*

*I can't use RGBa or HSLA (I'm getting the colors from a PHP Content Management System) as Hex

*The background color is dynamic - I can't use an image

*when I use opacity, the text is affected as well making it unreadable.

I'm sure the only option I have is changing my PHP code to generate RGBa colors instead, but asking, do you see any other solution?

A: You can assign a pseudo element to the containing div.
Like so:
.container:before{
 opacity:0.5;
}

You could also convert your hex value to RGB and then use that: RGB to Hex and Hex to RGB

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Date of Web Publication 17-Jun-2016
Keywords: Corneal endothelium, specular microscopy, Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Shukla EJ, Nicholson AD, Agrawal AH, Rathod DB. Correlation between severity of Type 2 diabetes mellitus and corneal morphology using specular microscopy in Indian population: A case–control study. Sudanese J Ophthalmol 2016;8:30-5
Shukla EJ, Nicholson AD, Agrawal AH, Rathod DB. Correlation between severity of Type 2 diabetes mellitus and corneal morphology using specular microscopy in Indian population: A case–control study. Sudanese J Ophthalmol [serial online] 2016 [cited 2023 Jan 31];8:30-5. Available from: https://www.sjopthal.net/text.asp?2016/8/1/30/184233
Diabetes mellitus (DM) can affect almost all structures of the eye. Globally, there are 366 million patients living with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), of which, 62.4 million are living in India alone.[1],[2] Patients can develop not only diabetic retinopathy (DR) but also corneal damage such as endothelial defects, punctate epithelial keratopathy, recurrent corneal erosions, and persistent epithelial defects.[3]
Animal studies have also shown that corneal endothelial cells in diabetic rats have morphological abnormalities. These abnormalities include a decrease in endothelial cell density (CD) and hexagonality, as well as increased polymegathism, polymorphism, and central corneal thickness (CCT).[4] This study aims to further investigate if there are any correlations between the corneal morphology and other factors such as duration of diabetes, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) value, and the stage of DR.
Research has indicated that diabetic corneas have poor surgical outcomes as compared to nondiabetics. However, the type, duration, and severity of the disease have not been correlated with the corneal specular microscopic parameters in a tertiary health care set up in Urban India. Our study aims to achieve the same.
The aims and objectives of the study are to assess the influence of severity of the diabetic disease process on corneal endothelial morphologic parameters using specular microscopy, as compared to nondiabetic, healthy control corneas.
This study is a case–control study conducted at a tertiary care center for 15 months. Prior approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee was taken, and informed consent was obtained from each subject. This study was conducted in accordance with the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki. About 50 Type 2 DM patients (100 eyes) participated as cases and 50 age matched subjects participated as controls. Exclusion criteria included patients with Type 1 DM, age <40 years, patients with any preexisting ocular pathology. All patients underwent complete ophthalmic and general physical examination with necessary laboratory studies.
Clinical history included duration of diabetes, whether they took oral hypoglycemic agents or injectable insulin, any other microvascular or macrovascular systemic complication (e.g., cardiovascular disease, diabetic foot, neuropathy, etc.).
Ophthalmic evaluation included thorough slit lamp examination, indirect ophthalmoscopy; slit lamp biomicroscopy with 90D and specular microscopy examination with Specular Microscope EM-3000, Topcon Medical Systems (TMS), Oakland, NJ, USA.
Fundus findings among cases were classified according to the early treatment for diabetic retinopathy study (ETDRS) classification.
Fasting blood sugar (FBS), postlunch blood sugar (PLBS), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were the parameter to gauge severity and duration of glycemic control.
At the end of 15 months, the collected data were tabulated, statistically analyzed, and the severity of Type 2 DM was correlated with corneal morphology using the parameters of the specular microscope.
A case–control study was undertaken on 50 cases (100 eyes) and 50 controls (100 eyes). The CCT, the endothelial CD, and the coefficient of variation (CV) was studied. All the following parameters were assessed after classifying patients (cases) according to the ETDRS classification of DR. Cases were further classified according to age and sex as well as the duration of Type 2 DM. The statistical analysis was done using SPSS software (SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 19.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp. USA). Unpaired t-test and linear regression analysis were used to determine effects of multiple variables on the various specular microscopy parameters.
The mean age among cases was 54.76 years and among controls was 52.02 years with a standard deviation of 9.2 and 7.3, respectively.
[Table 1] shows a linear regression analysis showing the relationship between age and CCT. With a P value of 0.043 and 0.039, a significant relationship is established between the two variables. There was an age-related decline in the thickness of the diabetic and nondiabetic corneas which was almost uniform amongt the cases as well as controls.
Table 1: Correlation between age and CCT
[Table 2] compares the average CCT among cases and controls. The mean CCT are highlighted in each group. It is found as per the above values that the control group had thinner corneas as compared to the cases. The P value between Group A and Group C was 0.021, and it was 0.026 between Groups B and C, thus making the above difference statistically significant.
Table 2: CCT amongst cases and controls
[Table 3] shows the average endothelial CD among cases and controls. The mean values of each group are highlighted. It is seen from the above results that although there is not much of a difference between the CD of controls and cases without proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), there is indeed a significant difference between controls and cases with PDR. The P value between Group A and Group C is < 0.05 making it statistically very significant, whereas the P value between Group B and Group C is 0.214 which is not significant.
Table 3: CD amongst cases and controls
[Table 4] gives a correlation between the CV amongst the cases and controls. The CV indicates polymorphism (variation of shape) and polymegathism (variation of size) of the corneal endothelium. The CV is higher in cases as compared to controls, and more so among those cases with PDR as opposed to those without. The P value for Group A and Group C is 0.024, whereas the P value for Group B and Group C is 0.037, which makes this correlation statistically significant.
Table 4: CV amongst cases and controls
[Table 5] demonstrates the CCT and CD values in males and females found in our study among the cases and the controls. With a P > 0.05 in all the above groups, no statistically significant correlation is found between the corneal endothelial morphology among males and females in the two groups.
Table 5: Effect of gender on CCT and CD
In our study, out of 50 cases (100 eyes), there were 28 cases with mild nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR), 15 cases with moderate NPDR, 4 cases with severe NPDR, and 3 cases with PDR.
[Table 6] shows that the mean CCT in microns and the mean CV is higher in patients with proliferative DR as opposed to those without, whereas the mean CD is lesser.
Table 6: Effect of severity of retinopathy on mean CCT, CD, and CV
[Table 7] gives the Pearson correlation matrix, to determine if there is a significant effect of the glycemic controls in our cases on CCT, CD, and CV. These parameters of glycemic control are the FBS level, the PLBS which depict short-term glycemic control and the HbA1c (glycosylated hemoglobin), which depicts the long-term glycemic control. P values were calculated for each using regression analysis.
Table 7: Correlation between glycemic control and CCT, CD, and CV
It was found that the short-term glycemic control, i.e., FBS and PLBS did not influence the CCT, CD, and CV significantly with a P > 0.05 in each group.
However, the HbA1c was positively correlated with the CCT. An increase in HbA1c was associated with an increase in CCT. It was also associated with an increase in CV and a decrease in CD, as is demonstrated by the r value in the above tables. This difference was statistically significant as the P value in each group associated with HbA1c is <0.05
[Table 8] depicts the distribution of cases depending upon the duration of the disease. As is clearly seen, our study had 52% patients with the disease duration between 1 and 5 years. We had only 28% of the total patients with disease duration more than 5 years. Hence, long-term sequelae of the disease on the morphology of the corneal endothelium could not be assessed in this particular study.
Table 8: mean duration of disease in our study
[Table 9] shows a regression analysis of the duration of diabetes among the cases and the CCT and CD values. With a P value of 0.73 and 0.72, we were not able to establish a strong correlation between the duration of the disease and its effect on the endothelial morphology.
Table 9:Correlation between duration of disease and CCT, CD
Mean age in our study among cases was 54.76 years and mean age in controls was 52.02 years. All the subjects in the study were more than 40 years old.
A significant relationship is established between CCT and CD in cases versus controls, but there was an age-related decrease in CCT and CD in both the groups. This was in concordance with the study carried out by Galgauskas et al.[5] which found that CD and CCT decrease with age. The loss of endothelial cells is greater than the decrease in corneal thickness over the years, but the tendency of fewer endothelial cells in thin corneas remains.
Older people usually have thinner corneas. It was found that CCT declines about 4 μm (in male corneas) to 5 μm (in female corneas) every 10 years.[6]
CCT was significantly more in cases with PDR as compared to those without PDR, as indicated by a P value of 0.021. The increased corneal thickness in the diabetic patients may be due to either an increased water content or an increased dry weight content of the cornea or both. However, the presence of small folds in Descemet's membrane may be taken as evidence for an increased hydration of the cornea. The presence of folds in Descemet's layer is a well-known clinical feature of corneal edema, and it arises because the cornea can swell only in the posterior direction, thereby decreasing the area of the posterior corneal surface. The occurrence of minute folds in Descemet's membrane in diabetic patients has been reported by Henkind and Wise et al.[7]
The association between increased corneal thickness and severe retinal complications suggests that the corneal thickness may be an indicator of the risk of retinal complications in diabetic individuals. Other studies such as by Yazgan et al.[8] and Ravalico et al.[9] also reported a significant increase in CCT in diabetic patients.
In our study, we found that the mean CD in cases with PDR was 2396.0 and in cases without PDR was 2811.7 as compared to the mean control CD of 2791.8. Thus, the CD was lesser among cases with PDR as compared to controls and this difference was statistically significant with a P < 0.05. This was similar to the reduction found by Inoue et al.[10] in their study of Type 2 diabetics in Japan. Shenoy et al.[11] in Oman and Lee et al. in Korea also reported significant reductions in endothelial density in their studies on diabetics and insulin dependent diabetics, respectively.
It was found in our study that the mean CV among controls was 39.1, and the mean among cases with PDR was 40.7. The mean CV among cases without PDR was 36.1. Thus, the mean CV was highest amongst cases with PDR as compared to controls and cases without PDR. This difference was statistically significant with a P < 0.05.
The number of endothelial cells with polymegathism and polymorphism was significantly greater among eyes of diabetic patients. There were less corneal endothelial cells with polymorphism in nondiabetic patients. Polymegathism and polymorphism of corneal endothelial cells seems to be positively associated with DM Type 2. The presence of polymegathism, polymorphism, and reduction in density of corneal endothelial cells in Type 2 diabetic patients clearly shows that diabetes affects the corneal endothelium.
It is thought that intracellular accumulation of sorbitol, which acts as an osmotic agent leads to swelling of the endothelial cells. The Krebs cycle slows down with a consequent reduction in ATP production which is necessary for endothelial pump function.
This eventually results in morphological and permeability changes in the corneas of diabetic patients. The CV reflects polymegathism and polymorphism in the endothelial cells.
This study also found that the average size and CV of corneal endothelial cells is significantly increased in diabetics. The decrease in endothelial CD and increase in polymegathism correlate well as the existing endothelial cells have to enlarge to fill the gaps between adjacent cells, thereby increasing the CV.
There were a total of 26 males and 24 females among the cases and 31 males and 19 females among the controls. No statistically significant difference was found between the male and female patients as regard CCT and CD in our study.
This was similar to the findings in the study by Kaji et al.[12] which also allowed the assessment of the influence of sex on the corneal endothelium cell parameters. No significant relationship was observed in this study. However, Snellingen et al.[13] in South Asia found that early childhood development is 2.9% higher in women than in men.
We further divided all the cases as those with PDR and those without PDR (which included cases with mild, moderate and severe NPDR). When the aforementioned two groups were compared with age matched controls it was found that a statistically significant difference was present between the CD, CV, and CCT. However, studies conducted by Matsuda et al.[14] showed that there was no significant difference in the degree of these endothelial changes among the three diabetic groups. However another study done by Lee et al. showed that the corneal endothelial CD significantly decreased and the CV in cell size significantly increased for high risk PDR patients undergoing phacoemulsification, in contrast to normal persons at the postoperative 6 months.
In the diabetic group, lower cell counts were associated with higher HbA1c values (P < 0.05). Also higher values of HbA1c were associated with higher CV, indicating a greater degree of polymorphism and polymegathism in patients with poor glycemic control. The HbA1c was also positively correlated with the CCT. Higher the HbA1c value, greater was the CCT among cases.
This is in contrast to the results of the study conducted by Yee et al.[15] However, the aforementioned study was carried out on dogs who had Alloxan-induced DM. Hence, whether we can extrapolate the same conclusions to a human study remains to be confirmed with further research, using a larger database of reliable HbA1c values.
Our study found no significant effect of glycemic control on the morphology of the corneal endothelium. Similar such results have also been obtained in the study conducted by Matsuda et al.[14]
In our study, out of a total of fifty patients, we had ten patients in group 1, 26 patients in Group 2, and 14 patients in Group 3. The mean duration of diabetes in our study was 4.16 years with a standard deviation of 3.57.
There was a very weak correlation between duration of disease and the corneal endothelial morphology and it was not statistically significant. However, studies by Choo et al.[16] found that diabetes of over 10 years' duration showed thicker corneas, a lower corneal endothelium density, lower hexagonality ratios, and higher CV in cell size than those patients having diabetes of under 10 years' duration. With regard to the corneal endothelial morphology, the CV in cell size appears to be the most sensitive variable. Overall, this fact is likely to suggest that polymegathism and polymorphism may precede a decrease in CD.
In addition, the fact that our study failed to show any correlation between the duration of the disease and CCT, CV, etc., could be attributed to the fact that we had very few cases with duration of disease more than 10 years. Long-term prospective studies are essential for establishing such a relationship.
Busted et al.[17] showed that the diabetic corneal thickness was significantly thicker than the normal corneal thickness, but there was no significant relation between CCT of diabetes and the duration of the. This difference is probably due to the fact that the mean age of their subjects (34 years) was lower. A more active compensation of the corneal endothelial pump action seems to be present in younger diabetics than in older diabetics, because the corneal thickness of diabetics depends on the increased hydration of the cornea.
We conclude that it is important to critically assess the corneal endothelium with specular microscopy in all patients with Type 2 DM. It should be a part of the routine preoperative assessment in all patients undergoing intraocular surgery, as predicting postoperative corneal complications would be possible based upon the parameters of specular microscopy. It will be possible to identify preoperatively, a high-risk cornea which is prone to early decompensation based on the findings of specular microscopy.
Department of Ophthalmology, B.Y.L Nair Charitable Hospital, Mumbai Central, India.
Diabetes Atlas. International Diabetes Federation; 2016. Available from: http://www.idf.org/diabetesatlas. [Last cited on 2016 Mar 21].
Anjana RM, Pradeepa R, Deepa M, Datta M, Sudha V, Unnikrishnan R, et al. Prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes (impaired fasting glucose and/or impaired glucose tolerance) in urban and rural India: Phase I results of the Indian Council of Medical Research-INdia DIABetes (ICMR-INDIAB) study. Diabetologia 2011;54:3022-7.
Lutty GA. Effects of diabetes on the eye. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2013;54:ORSF81-7.
Fukushi S, Merola LO, Tanaka M, Datiles M, Kinoshita JH. Reepithelialization of denuded corneas in diabetic rats. Exp Eye Res 1980;31:611-21.
Galgauskas S, Norvydaite D, Krasauskaite D, Stech S, Ašoklis RS. Age-related changes in corneal thickness and endothelial characteristics. Clin Interv Aging 2013;8:1445-50.
Urban B, Raczynska D, Bakunowicz-Lazarczyk A, Raczynska K, Kretowska M. Evaluation of corneal endothelium in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Mediators Inflamm 2013;2013:913754.
Henkind P, Wise GN. Descemet's wrinkles in diabetes. Am J Ophthalmol 1961;52:371-4.
Yazgan S, Celik U, Kaldirim H, Ayar O, Elbay A, Aykut V, et al. Evaluation of the relationship between corneal biomechanic and HbA1C levels in type 2 diabetes patients. Auckland, NZ. Clinical Ophthalmology 2014;8:1549-53. doi:10.2147/OPTH.S67984.
Ravalico G, Tognetto D, Palomba M, Calderini S, Vattovani O. Corneal endothelial function in diabetes: A fluorophotometric study. Ophthalmologica 1994;208:179-84.
Inoue K, Kato S, Inoue Y, Amano S, Oshika T. The corneal endothelium and thickness in type II diabetes mellitus. Jpn J Ophthalmol 2002;46:65-9.
Shenoy R, Khandekar R, Bialasiewicz A, Al Muniri A. Corneal endothelium in patients with diabetes mellitus: A historical cohort study. Eur J Ophthalmol 2009;19:369-75.
Kaji Y, Usui T, Oshika T, Matsubara M, Yamashita H, Araie M, et al. Advanced glycation end products in diabetic corneas. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2000;41:362-8.
Snellingen T, Rao GN, Shrestha JK, Huq F, Cheng H. Quantitative and morphological characteristics of the human corneal endothelium in relation to age, gender, and ethnicity in cataract populations of South Asia. Cornea 2001;20:55-8.
Matsuda M, Ohguro N, Ishimoto I, Fukuda M. Relationship of corneal endothelial morphology to diabetic retinopathy, duration of diabetes and glycemic control. Jpn J Ophthalmol 1990;34:53-6.
Yee RW, Matsuda M, Kern TS, Engerman RL, Edelhauser HF. Corneal endothelial changes in diabetic dogs. Curr Eye Res 1985;4:759-66.
Choo M, Prakash K, Samsudin A, Soong T, Ramli N, Kadir A. Corneal changes in type II diabetes mellitus in Malaysia. Int J Ophthalmol 2010;3:234-6.
Busted N, Olsen T, Schmitz O. Clinical observations on the corneal thickness and the corneal endothelium in diabetes mellitus. Br J Ophthalmol 1981;65:687-90.
[Table 1], [Table 2], [Table 3], [Table 4], [Table 5], [Table 6], [Table 7], [Table 8], [Table 9]
1 Effect of glycaemic control on corneal parameters among type 2 diabetes mellitus
Vidyalakshmi Jayaraj, Premjit Bhakat, Jyothi Thomas, Karthik Rao
Malaysian Journal of Ophthalmology. 2022; 4(1): 1
2 Corneal Endothelial Changes in Correlation with Corneal Thickness after Phacoemulsification among Diabetic Patients
Elbassiouny O
Advances in Ophthalmology & Visual System. 2017; 7(1)
3 ASSOCIATION OF CENTRAL CORNEAL THICKNESS AND CENTRAL CORNEAL ENDOTHELIAL CELL COUNT WITH PROGRESSIVE STAGES OF DIABETIC RETINOPATHY
Nirmal Kumar Sasmal,Somnath Das,Sisir Singh
Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare. 2017; 4(84): 4924


text:
20 Of The Most Romantic Places To Propose In The UK
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Published date: 3rd December 2020 | Author: Lucy Dodsworth
1. The London Eye
2. Punting on the River Cam, Cambridge
3. Sissinghurst Castle Garden, Kent
4. The Fountain of Love, Berkshire
5. Bodium Castle, East Sussex
6. Hot air ballooning, Cotswolds
7. Prior Park, Bath
8. Sharpham Vineyard, Devon
9. St Michael's Mount, Cornwall
10. Sark, Channel Islands
11. Anne Hathaway's Cottage, Stratford-upon-Avon
12. Llanddwyn Island, Wales
13. Derwentwater, Lake District
14. Whitby Abbey, Yorkshire
15. Northumberland Dark Sky Park
16. Arthur's Seat, Edinburgh
17. The Jacobite, Scotland
18. Eilean Donan Castle, Scotland
19. Northern Lights, Scotland
20. Somewhere personal
It's probably the most important question in your life, so it's no surprise that finding the prefect location is a big part of planning a proposal. If you're looking for the ideal place to pop the question, here are 20 of the most unique and romantic places to propose in the UK that are just irresistible.
For a view of London from up high – without having to share it with anyone else – why not hire a private capsule on the London Eye. The panoramic views of the city from 135 metres up will take your breath away, and you can get down on one knee in privacy before cracking open a bottle of Champagne to toast your engagement.
Cambridge's history and beautiful college buildings make it a perfect place to propose, but for an extra dose of romance, hire a punt and paddle out along the River Cam. Sail past college gardens and beneath the Bridge of Sighs – named after its counterpart in Venice – and stop for a picnic in the tranquil meadows where you can surprise your partner with proposal.
Described as one of England's most romantic country gardens, Sissinghurst Castle Gardens are divided up into 'rooms', each planted in a different style. It's a magical place at any time of year but if you visit in May you can propose along a carpet of bluebells – a symbol of constancy said to be the origin of the traditional 'something blue' worn by brides at their weddings.
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The aptly named Fountain of Love is set in the gardens of Cliveden House in Berkshire – a luxurious five-star hotel and spa that makes the perfect spot for a romantic proposal. And you'll be following in the footsteps of real and fictional princesses as the fountain was not only featured in the 2015 film Cinderella but Meghan Markle spent the night before her wedding to Prince Harry at Cliveden House.
For a real fairy tale proposal, head to 14th-century Bodiam Castle – one of the most picturesque and romantic British castles. Cross the bridge over the castle moat and walk through the grounds in the footsteps of medieval knights and their ladies before heading to the top of the castle tower to propose. And if that's not romantic enough, you can also arrive at the castle by steam train.
Take flight above the picturesque rolling hills and honey-stone villages of the Cotswolds on a hot air balloon flight for a unique romantic proposal. What could be more perfect than watching the sun rise as you drift high above the English countryside, before marking your engagement with a glass of bubbly on top of the world?
Literature lovers can live out their Pride and Prejudice fantasies with a proposal at Prior Park close to Bath. It's one of just three places in the UK where you'll find a Palladian Bridge – the home of 18th-century romantic trysts now make ideal places to propose. The ornate bridge lies across a lake surrounded by gardens designed by Capability Brown.
If you're looking for unique places to propose, what could be better than a boat trip, countryside walk and wine tasting all in one? Sharpham Vineyard in Devon is perched above the River Dart, and you can reach it by boat before exploring its vine-covered slopes to find the ideal proposal spot, before celebrating with a bottle of their award-winning wine.
Looking for a Wedding Venue? We can arrange for brochures to be sent directly to you based on what you are looking for.
The castle-topped island of St Michael's Mount lies off the coast of Cornwall, surrounded by clear blue waters and connected to the mainland by a causeway that's only accessible at low tide. Maroon yourself on this picturesque island and propose next to the castle where you'll find the best views out across the Cornish coast.
Head back in time on the peaceful, charming island of Sark in the Channel Islands. With cars swapped for horse-drawn carriages, this tiny island is one of the most romantic places to propose in the UK. Hire a traditional wedding carriage to take you and your beloved for a moonlit ride and you can get down on one knee on the water's edge beneath the stars.
Follow in the footsteps of Shakespeare in Love by proposing at the pretty thatched cottage where his wife Anne Hathaway was born – the couple were happily married for 34 years. The gardens surrounding the cottage are filled with flowers and tucked-away benches where you can have a moment to yourselves.
What could be more perfect than proposing in a place named after Wales' patron saint of lovers? Llanddwyn Island takes its name from 4th-century Welsh princess St Dwynwen and is one of the country's most romantic places to propose with its ruined chapel, magical springs and scenic views across the Menai Strait to Snowdonia.
Its unspoilt scenery of lakes, mountains and forest make the Lake District one of the most beautiful places to propose in the UK. For the ultimate in romance, head to the quiet shores of Derwentwater where you can picnic on the banks of the lake or hire a boat and row out into the lake to pop the question in total privacy.
One for the Gothic-style romantics, ruined Whitby Abbey on the Yorkshire coast helped inspire Bram Stoker's Dracula. It's set on a headland overlooking the town and the coast beyond, and has been named the most romantic ruin in the UK. Climb up to the top just before sunset for a beautifully atmospheric proposal spot.
Cozy up together beneath the stars in Northumberland, home to some of the clearest night skies in the UK. Its low levels of light pollution have made it a Dark Sky Park. Get away from it all in one of the county's remote romantic places to stay and get down on one knee beneath a shooting star to ask that all-important question.
Climb up to the top of Arthur's Seat for the best view across the city of Edinburgh – with plenty of space to find a spot to yourself to ask your partner to marry you. The setting on top of an extinct volcano gives a panoramic view over Edinburgh's rooftops and for miles around, and the city is full of great bars and restaurants to celebrate in.
Add a touch of extra magic to your proposal as you pop the question on board the Jacobite steam train, better known by Harry Potter fans as the Hogwarts Express. The elegant vintage train travels from Fort William to Mallaig through wild Scottish scenery and across the spectacular Glenfinnan Viaduct, famously featured in the Harry Potter films.
Eilean Donan's island location has made it one of Scotland's most famous castles, with a romantic setting that's ideal for a proposal. Set on a tiny island surrounded by three lochs and close to the Isle of Skye, the castle is a popular place for visitors. But arrive at sunrise or sunset and you can have this fairy tale location all to yourself.
The colours of the Northern Lights or Aurora Borealis swirling through the night sky make an unforgettable backdrop for a proposal – and their unpredictability makes it even more magical if they do appear. Head to the far north of Scotland and the islands of Shetland, Orkney or the Outer Hebrides in autumn and winter for the best chance of seeing them.
The UK is full of fantastic places to propose, but the most perfect place for you and your love might well be somewhere with personal meaning for you – whether that's where you met, where you had your first date, your first holiday or your first kiss – to make it extra special.
Lucy Dodsworth
Lucy is a travel writer based in the Cotswolds who's been running her award-winning travel blog On the Luce since 2011. She is a member of the British Guild of Travel Writers, has a MSc in sustainable tourism and has been featured by the BBC, Stylist, Marie Claire and Forbes. She loves train travel, walks, log fires, a good glass…
Learn more about Lucy Dodsworth
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Mircea Axente (n. 9 decembrie 1944, Arad) este un fost fotbalist, arbitru și observator de fotbal român. A evoluat pentru formația FC UTA Arad, cu care a fost campion al României de două ori.

Mircea Axente a dat centrarea decisivă pentru golul cu capul marcat de Florian Dumitrescu în poarta celor de la Feyenoord Rotterdam în egalul istoric de 1-1 obținut în 1970, în urma căruia Feyenoord a fost eliminată din Cupa Campionilor Europeni.

S-a retras din fotbal în anul 1976 în urma unei accidentări suferite într-un meci cu Dinamo București. După activitatea de fotbalist s-a dedicat arbitrajului și a arbitrat până în anul 1993, atât în Divizia A, cât și în 30 de meciuri internaționale.

Titluri
 UTA Arad
Divizia A: 1968-69, 1969-70

Note

Nașteri în 1944
Fotbaliști români
Arbitri români de fotbal
Sportivi români în viață


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Kleptocracy: 1MDB trial involving Malaysia's ex-Prime Minister Najib Razak Postponed
A Malaysian court on Monday postponed for a week the biggest of five trials linked to a multi-billion-dollar scam at state fund 1MDB and allegedly involving former prime minister Najib Razak.
Najib, who lost a general election last year, has been hit with 42 criminal charges of graft and money laundering at 1Malaysia Development Berhad (1MDB) and other state entities.
He has pleaded not guilty and says the charges are politically motivated.
The hearing will now begin next Monday to allow time for the completion of a previous trial that revolves around former 1MDB unit SRC International, a Kuala Lumpur High Court judge said.
Related: Former Malaysian PM Najib Razak in court for money laundering
"If you need more time, I can stand down or adjourn … but for now we will proceed on Monday and check again on (this) on Thursday," Judge Collin Lawrence Sequerah said.
1MDB, founded by Najib in 2009, is being investigated in at least six countries. The U.S. Department of Justice says about $4.5 billion was misappropriated from the fund.
In the trial in Kuala Lumpur, Najib will have to fight 21 charges of money laundering and four of abuse of power for receiving illegal transfers of about 2.3 billion ringgit ($550.8 million) between 2011 and 2014.
Original article on www.cnbc.com
US federal prosecutors have filed motions saying the Honduran president, Juan Orlando Hernández, took bribes from drug traffickers and had the country's armed forces...


Taylor...Imma let you finish, but Camila Cabello is hands-down the newest dancing queen of awards shows.
The "Havana" singer got up out of her seat during Maluma's performance at the MTV Video Music Awards and showed off her dance skills. After just a moment of coaxing, Cabello's mom Sinuhe Cabello joined her daughter for a brief waltz. The Artist of the Year and her mom looked like they were having the absolute time of their lives in the front row.
This year was Cabello's time to shine, officially dethroning Taylor Swift as Master of the Front Row Dance. Swift has been known to show off her moves at various shows, including the 2013 VMAs and 2018 Billboard Music Awards. Lest we forget the 2014 Grammys when the "Delicate" singer shimmied to Beyoncé's performance of "Drunk in Love"?
Most of the time, she's sitting next to and rocking out with bestie Selena Gomez.
Back in 2014, Swift explained her penchant for busting a move at award shows. "I used to get really nervous at awards shows because, seemingly, they're a huge pressure cooker," she told NBC's Late Night at the time. "So you're in the front row and you're sitting there like, 'Maybe I should sit here like this.' A couple years ago I just decided, 'No. This is the coolest concert you could ever go to. This is like all these incredible acts playing their biggest songs and I get to be front row and I'm going to dance during this because I feel like it—and not because it looks cool, because it doesn't.'"
At the very least, the "Shake It Off" singer can make fun of her awkward dancing and accept the fact that she has become a meme queen. She even named one of her most famous moves the "Mom-Croon." She described it on Tumblr at the time in vivid detail: "The way your mom gets taken away by a tune from her high school days, glass of red wine in hand, shuffling around the room as her teenage kids roll their eyes in disdain."
In fact, the "Mom-Croon" means the dancer has reached a "level of musical transcendence." Allow Swift to explain: "Those who know how to Mom Croon cannot see the eye rolls of haters...Once you perfect the mom croon, you are truly free."
Although Cabello is the newest dancing queen in town, she still has a soft spot for Swift in her heart. After all, Cabello is tagging along with Swift on her tour. The VMA Video of the Year winner told E! News' Zuri Hall about her relationship with the Reputation artist. "I think we definitely have the same personality in a lot of ways, especially talking about love and relationships, boys, music," Cabello said. "I was a really huge Taylor Swift fan before I even met her, and I think it's because we both have the hopeless romantic thing."


New to Bohemia, the Pom Pom Mirrors in bright Pink are handcrafted in India by our skilled artisans. A collection of handmade mirrors framed with hot pink pom poms and contrasting gold beads in a range of four sizes. Mix & match colours and sizes for impact or simply hand individually, available with free gift wrapping at the checkout.
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New to Bohemia, the Pom Pom Mirrors in vibrant Teal are handcrafted in India for a bright and fun home decor accessory. A collection of handmade mirrors framed with colourful blue pom poms and gold beads in a range of four sizes. A bold statement hanging wall mirror for bohemian homes, available with free gift wrapping at the checkout.


Percutaneous liver biopsy is a procedure in which a long needle is introduced through the skin, subcutaneous tissues, intercostal muscles, and peritoneum into the liver to obtain a specimen of liver tissue. [1, 2] This procedure is usually performed on an outpatient basis. The patient is then observed for a few hours in the hospital or the ambulatory unit. It is safe in pediatric [3, 4] as well as adult patients, with a low complication rate.
This topic focuses on the technical aspects of performing a percutaneous liver biopsy. For a more detailed discussion of the theoretical aspects, see Diagnostic Liver Biopsy.
Karamshi M. Performing a percutaneous liver biopsy in parenchymal liver diseases. Br J Nurs. 2008 Jun 26-Jul 9. 17(12):746-52. [Medline].
Myers RP, Fong A, Shaheen AA. Utilization rates, complications and costs of percutaneous liver biopsy: a population-based study including 4275 biopsies. Liver Int. 2008 May. 28(5):705-12. [Medline].
Almeida P, Schreiber RA, Liang J, Mujawar Q, Guttman OR. Clinical Characteristics and Complications of Pediatric Liver Biopsy: A Single Centre Experience. Ann Hepatol. 2017 Sep-Oct. 16 (5):797-801. [Medline].
Bolia R, Matta J, Malik R, Hardikar W. Outpatient Liver Biopsy in Children: Safety, Feasibility, and Economic Impact. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2017 Jul. 65 (1):86-88. [Medline].
Gilmore IT, Burroughs A, Murray-Lyon IM, Williams R, Jenkins D, Hopkins A. Indications, methods, and outcomes of percutaneous liver biopsy in England and Wales: an audit by the British Society of Gastroenterology and the Royal College of Physicians of London. Gut. 1995 Mar. 36(3):437-41. [Medline].
Sporea I, Popescu A, Sirli R. Why, who and how should perform liver biopsy in chronic liver diseases. World J Gastroenterol. 2008 Jun 7. 14(21):3396-402. [Medline].
Bravo AA, Sheth SG, Chopra S. Liver biopsy. N Engl J Med. 2001 Feb 15. 344(7):495-500. [Medline].
Grant A, Neuberger J. Guidelines on the use of liver biopsy in clinical practice. British Society of Gastroenterology. Gut. 1999 Oct. 45 Suppl 4:IV1-IV11. [Medline].
Jacobs WH, Goldberg SB. Statement on outpatient percutaneous liver biopsy. Dig Dis Sci. 1989 Mar. 34(3):322-3. [Medline].
Caturelli E, Giacobbe A, Facciorusso D, Bisceglia M, Villani MR, Siena DA, et al. Percutaneous biopsy in diffuse liver disease: increasing diagnostic yield and decreasing complication rate by routine ultrasound assessment of puncture site. Am J Gastroenterol. 1996 Jul. 91(7):1318-21. [Medline].
Hakime A, Barah A, Deschamps F, Farouil G, Joskin J, Tselikas L, et al. Prospective Comparison of Freehand and Electromagnetic Needle Tracking for US-guided Percutaneous Liver Biopsy. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2013 Nov. 24(11):1682-9. [Medline].
Govender P, Jonas MM, Alomari AI, Padua HM, Dillon BJ, Landrigan-Ossar MF, et al. Sonography-guided percutaneous liver biopsies in children. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2013 Sep. 201(3):645-50. [Medline].
Howard R, Karageorge G, van Harselaar K, Bell M, Basford P, Schultz M, et al. Post-procedure surveillance in liver biopsy: how long is long enough?. N Z Med J. 2008 Aug 22. 121(1280):8-14. [Medline].
Firpi RJ, Soldevila-Pico C, Abdelmalek MF, Morelli G, Judah J, Nelson DR. Short recovery time after percutaneous liver biopsy: should we change our current practices?. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2005 Sep. 3(9):926-9. [Medline].
Filingeri V, Sforza D, Tisone G. Complications and risk factors of a large series of percutaneous liver biopsies in patients with liver transplantation or liver disease. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2015 May. 19 (9):1621-9. [Medline].
McGill DB, Rakela J, Zinsmeister AR, Ott BJ. A 21-year experience with major hemorrhage after percutaneous liver biopsy. Gastroenterology. 1990 Nov. 99(5):1396-400. [Medline].
Froehlich F, Lamy O, Fried M, Gonvers JJ. Practice and complications of liver biopsy. Results of a nationwide survey in Switzerland. Dig Dis Sci. 1993 Aug. 38(8):1480-4. [Medline].
Kim SJ, Won JH, Kim YB, Wang HJ, Kim BW, Kim H, et al. Plugged percutaneous biopsy of the liver in living-donor liver transplantation recipients suspected to have graft rejection. Acta Radiol. 2017 Jul. 58 (7):771-777. [Medline].
Orlando G, Goffette P, Gravante G, Ciccarelli O, Lerut J. Successful treatment of haemothorax following percutaneous liver biopsy using interventional radiology: importance of arterial anatomical variations. Transpl Int. 2008 Jul. 21(7):708-10. [Medline].
Piccinino F, Sagnelli E, Pasquale G, Giusti G. Complications following percutaneous liver biopsy. A multicentre retrospective study on 68,276 biopsies. J Hepatol. 1986. 2(2):165-73. [Medline].
Garcia-Tsao G, Boyer JL. Outpatient liver biopsy: how safe is it?. Ann Intern Med. 1993 Jan 15. 118(2):150-3. [Medline].
Boschuetz N, Gray M, Bari K. Portal Vein Thrombosis After Percutaneous Liver Biopsy. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2017 Aug 2. [Medline]. [Full Text].
Deeper injection of local anesthetic.
Infiltrating the skin at the biopsy site.
Transferring liver biopsy specimen to the formalin bottle.
Hepatic parenchyma and blood vessels as seen on ultrasound.
The authors gratefully acknowledge the unnamed patient who graciously agreed to be photographed during the procedure for this article.
The authors and editors of also gratefully acknowledge the assistance of Lars Grimm with the literature review and referencing for this article.
Medscape Drugs & Diseases thanks George Y Wu, MD, PhD, Professor, Department of Medicine, Director, Hepatology Section, Herman Lopata Chair in Hepatitis Research, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, for assistance with the video contribution to this article.


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1 DeLorean for sale
If you watched "Back to the Future" movies, maybe you remember the sports car rebuilt by an eccentric inventor into a time machine. It was the DeLorean DMC-12. The DeLorean Motor Company which produced that time-travelling vehicle was founded by John DeLorean in 1975. After a few turbulent years, the American manufacturer went bankrupt in 1982. In 1995 the mechanic, Stephen Wynne set up a separate company, DeLorean Motor Company, which serve as a support for the owners of DeLorean cars by providing the remaining original parts. The manufacturer planned also to relaunch the production of the DMC-12 in 2017.
Rare & Exclusive DeLorean Cars
DeLorean was a one-car manufacturer. The DMC-12 model is definitely the company's sole and most notable creation. DeLorean produced approximately 9000 units of this car, all of them between 1981 and 1982. The unpainted stainless steel body panels and characteristic gull-wing doors appeared to be an attractive design concept. Unfortunately the car itself with its rear-mounted engine was not as fast (just a 0-60 mph time of 10.5 seconds) as it could have been comparing to other sports vehicles from its price category. The unfortunate series of events, the company's financial turbulences and its owner's troubles with law, consigned the DeLorean Motor Company to history but the DMC-12 model has survived in culture, immortalized in the famous sci-fi trilogy.
Who Drives DeLorean Cars
Thanks to the popularity of "Back to the Future" DeLorean DMC-12 became the pop cultural icon and the car legend, remaining famous among not only the American sports cars enthusiasts but also the fans of the world famous movie series. Since 2009 DMC founded by Wynne have released, alone or in collaboration, the collections of T-shirts, hats, shoes and other accessories inspired by the DMC-12 image and design. It is estimated that about 6500 original DMC cars survived to these days and a large number of them is still operating. The DMC-12 cars have also charmed many celebrities such as Patrick Swayze, Stan Lee, Ke$ha, will.i.am, Kanye West, Die Antwoord and Jerry Seinfeld.
DeLorean (1)
DMC-12 (1)
Any 1981 (1) - Any 1981 (1)
$ 33,643 - $ 56,072
€ 30.000 - € 50.000
123,573 د.إ - 205,956 د.إ
CHF 33,218 - CHF 55,363
¥ 231,485 - ¥ 385,809
£ 26,980 - £ 44,966
$ 262,928 - $ 438,214
221.577 kn - 369.295 kn
$ 640,403 - $ 1,067,338
289.547 kr - 482.578 kr
2.118.847 ₽ - 3.531.412 ₽
315 044 kr - 525 074 kr
฿ 1,038,581 - ฿ 1,730,969
R 469,091 - R 781,818
$ 1,044,973 - $ 1,741,622
767 477 Kč - 1 279 128 Kč
₨ 1,209,583 - ₨ 2,015,972
B/. 33,643 - B/. 56,072
$ 67,287 - $ 112,145
₹ 2,316,918 - ₹ 3,861,530
¥ 3,632,428 - ¥ 6,054,046
₪ 119,219 - ₪ 198,699
ر.ع. 12,952 - ر.ع. 21,587
127 864 zł - 213 107 zł
72,170 $ - 120,284 $
3,579,953 Fr - 5,966,588 Fr
122,496 ر.ق - 204,161 ر.ق
20000 mi - 40000 mi (1)
1 Cars found
Sort by: Premium Popular Recent Price lowest first Price highest first
175,937 د.إ
315.469 kn
3.016.694 ₽
₨ 1,722,135
B/. 47,900
¥ 5,171,643
ر.ع. 18,441
5,096,932 Fr
174,403 ر.ق
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The young Belgian apprentice Zoe Van de Velde stepped in for one of the riders who couldn't come to Warsaw for this race in the HH Sheikha Fatima bint Mubarak Apprentice World Championship, which takes place under the patronage of the HH Sheikh Mansoor bin Zayed Al Nahyan Festival.
Lucky her, because she won the 2000 meter event with Perfktor (Akbars x Pianistka) who beat the youngest rider in the race, the Moroccan apprentice, 16-year-old Omar Lakjal and his mount Benefis (Grafik x Bila) by 11 lengths.
The full article about the meeting on 31 May at Warsaw will be published in N° 61 of the Cahiers du Cheval Arabe, which will be published at the end of July.


Punch is back at it again with the Punch Diablo. It's bolder than ever and deserves to be added to your rotation. AJ Fernandez was tasked with making this new blend and he delivered. To start, the Ecuadoran Sumatra wrapper is aged for 4 years. Under that, they aged the Nicaraguan and Honduran tobaccos for 4 years. Top it off with a Connecticut Broadleaf binder and you have a spicy, full-bodied cigar. Try this new AJ Fernandez + Punch collab for yourself.


Allevi (formerly BioBots) has built a desktop 3D printer that builds 3D living tissues out of human cells. The printer uses visible blue light to cure biomaterials rapidly without damaging cells and uses linear rails that guarantee 10 micron precision on each axis. The Allevi printer's simple design and operation coupled with its ability to work with complex cell types lends itself to a wide range of end users from high school biology teachers to leading regenerative medicine researchers.


This was originally a case study of an existing company. I was recently informed that they didn't want their name used anywhere outside their company, so I've created a fictional company instead, since I believe that this is still an interesting and important case study for my development.
The fictional company's background: D'Jungle Humans offers corporate training in the great outdoors and has existed for 20 years. I felt that this would be a good opportunity to study how their logo could be brought into the 21st century. Read on to discover my thought process in updating this fictional company's logo and identity.


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Part of Consultancy.org Consultancy.uk
Bidwells helps Brookgate secure development funding in Cambridge
08 December 2016 Consultancy.uk
Property development firm Brookgate has hired Bidwells to secure development funding for a 163,000 square feet 'Grade A' office development. A deal was recently closed, with Aviva Investors providing £87 million in forward funding for the project.
Brookgate is a Cambridge-based property development and investment company, specialised in mixed-use schemes. One of the company's major initiatives is the development of the new CB1 city quarter in Cambridge. The development, which offers everything from residential and office space to recreational and retail space, is focused on blending the city's long heritage with more modern flavours. The new city quarter, which has been designed by Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners, has already attracted key businesses looking for 'Grade A' space, including Microsoft, Deloitte, Thales, Mott MacDonald and Carter Jonas.
One of the development areas is 50 & 60 Station Road at CB1, Cambridge. The area will see an office development spanning 163,000 square feet, and is the largest speculative 'Grade A' office building in the development.
Specialty consulting firm Bidwells acted on behalf of Brookgate on the development funding. Aviva Investors, acting for Aviva Life and Pensions UK, has provided £87 million in forward funding for the 50 & 60 Station Road development. The deal provides Aviva Investors, according to Andrew Appleyard, Senior Director at the company, with a long-term sustainable investment, "underpinned by an exciting local economy at the forefront of innovation in pharmaceutical, biotech, life sciences and many other areas of technology."
"The speculative funding deal with Aviva Investors is a hugely significant step in the completion of CB1. This deal forms part of £434 million of funding secured so far at CB1, helping to ensure that Cambridge continues to attract large multinational firms and retain its position as a major business and technology hub", explains Sven Topel, Chief Executive of Brookgate.
The project, which has received planning consent, is projected to be completed by February 2019. Teams from Bidwells (from the Business Space, Retail and Leisure practices) will be engaged to provide letting for the 50 & 60 Station Road development.
Commenting on the collaboration with Brookgate, Saul Western, a Partner at Bidwells, says, "Bidwells has been working alongside Brookgate on the implementation of the masterplan and has worked on a number of areas from planning, development funding, retail and business space agency sales and ongoing management and lease consultancy service."
Royal Navy selects partners for training and learning transformation The British Royal Navy has awarded a contract to a consortium of consulting firms to help modernise and rationalise its training and education facilities.
M&A consultants advise Octopus Energy on landmark deals Big Four firm KPMG has advised power supplier Octopus Energy on two landmark deals, lifting the value of the business to just over $2 billion.
PwC to examine fraud risks of UK's Covid-19 loan programme The Government-owned British Business Bank has tapped PwC to examine cases of possible fraud in its business loan programme, which was launched to help companies impacted by the Covid-19 pandemic.
Property Management news
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Six charts on attitudes towards remote working and back to office New research from digital consultancy Publicis Sapient among 7,000 people across ten countries (including the UK) sheds light on how attitudes towards work are changing.
Collaboration and compromise a must for landlords and tenants Tenants, particularly those operating in the leisure and hospitality industry, will have welcomed the announcement on September 16 confirming the Covid-19 forfeiture moratorium will now run until the
Neil Ward & Associates signs partnerships in Europe and Asia UK-based consulting firm Neil Ward & Associates has in the past weeks bolstered its offerings with two new international partnerships.
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Deloitte closes Gatwick, Liverpool, Nottingham and Southampton offices Big Four firm Deloitte has confirmed that the leases of four of its UK offices are set to lapse, as the firm looks to make cost savings amid the current recession.
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Q: How to resume an HTTP download served by Apache and svn module? I 'm using Collabnet Subversion server 1.7.6(on Windows); I store large files(30M+) in SVN repository and serve them via the bundled Apache HTTP server(2.2.22).
I find that download of SVN-served files does not support resume. In HTTP protocol term, the client requests Range: xxx- in HTTP header, but the server does not respond with HTTP header Content-Range: xxx-yyy , so the client has to download from the first byte of a file.
I also try http download resume on Apache website's svn server.
wget -c http://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/subversion/branches/1.7.x/CHANGES

I press Ctrl+C in the middle of download, then wget -c again, the same result.
Is there any workaround for this problem?


Tegu is an environmentally and socially responsible company from Honduras that make elegant and smooth magnetic building blocks that are designed to be portable and perfect for children to play with when travelling, visiting cafes, friends and family.
Crayons is delighted to offer the Tegu Collection!
Crayons specialises in fun, creative educational toys, gifts, activities and technology for kids in Australia.


text:
First Phase of Riverside Redevelopment Closes on Financing
EJP was RAD TA provider to the Wilmington Housing Authority specifically advising on development financing, business terms in the MDA and FHEO site and neighborhood standards review.
Purpose Built Community will add 74 affordable and workforce apartments to Wilmington, Delaware
Pennrose, REACH Riverside, and the Wilmington Housing Authority have closed on financing for phase one of the Riverside Redevelopment, the community-led master-planned redevelopment of Northeast Wilmington's Riverside neighborhood. Designed on the principles of Purpose Built Communities, construction on the first of eight phases is slated to begin immediately and deliver all units within 18 months.
Phase one includes 74 brand-new one to four-bedroom townhouses, with 59 affordable units available to tenants with incomes up to 60% of Area Median Income (AMI) and 15 workforce housing units available. Of the total units, 12 will be fully ADA accessible and eight will be designed for residents with special needs. Residents will also enjoy access to a community room, on-site management and maintenance offices, a common green space with a raised garden, gazebo, and tot lot. All units will be Zero Energy Ready.
"This is truly a monumental and long overdue moment for the Riverside neighborhood and the entire city of Wilmington," said Logan Herring, CEO OF REACH Riverside. "As a life-long resident of the City, I emphatically understand the positive impact that quality housing, a safe neighborhood, and access to resources has on the trajectory of a family's health and quality of life. The holistic approach we are taking with all of our partners and funders, including the City, County, and State, will soon make the vision of a community where everyone thrives a reality.
"This has been quite a journey and WHA is pleased that this time our promise to provide affordable new housing is finally coming to fruition," said Thomas Harkless, Executive Director for Wilmington Housing Authority. "Our residents deserve improved housing conditions and enhanced quality of life".
"Closing on the financing and beginning construction is a significant milestone," said Ryan Bailey, Senior Developer at Pennrose. "Phase one lays the groundwork for this multi-faceted initiative led by the Wilmington Housing Authority and REACH Riverside. We look forward to transforming the Riverside neighborhood into a vibrant community that improves lives."
Once complete, the entire Riverside redevelopment will include 600 high-quality, mixed-income rental and for-sale homes and a new Kingswood Community Center including a best in class Early Learning Academy as the foundation of a "cradle to college/career" education pipeline to serve the community. The Community Center will continue to provide vital educational, health, wellness, and social resources to the surrounding neighborhood. The housing development is located on land owned by the Wilmington Housing Authority that once contained 530 units of public housing, but 230 units were demolished during the last decade.
As the 19th affiliate member of the Purpose Built Communities network, a nationally renowned organization dedicated to holistic community redevelopment, REACH Riverside will focus on the three pillars of revitalization shown to have the greatest impact on long term community health and well-being – mixed-income housing redevelopment, education, and community health. In addition to the new housing options and Community Center, REACH Riverside also recently opened The Warehouse, a teen-designed, co-working and service delivery space focused on serving Wilmington's teen population.
Phase 1 was financed through an allocation of Low Income Housing Tax Credits from the Delaware State Housing Authority, who also contributed construction and permanent debt. The tax credits are being purchased by Cinnaire, who also provided permanent financing. Wilmington Housing Authority, REACH Riverside, the City of Wilmington, the County of New Castle and M&T Bank also provided critical financing.
Pennrose is active throughout Delaware and the tri-state region. Pennrose also developed The Garrison, which includes 120 modern apartments in downtown New Castle, Delaware.
https://www.pennrose.com/news-views/news/2020/2020-first-phase-of-riverside-redevelopment-closes-on-financing/
Norwalk's Ryan Park court mural nears completion
Flat 9 at Whittier in Roxbury, MA, has won a 2020 Charles L. Edson Tax Credit Excellence Award
Westside Community Evolves - Past. Present. Future.


A recent study published in the British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology has determined that taking even a little too much Tylenol over several days can result in deadly overdoses - in addition to liver damage. This study confirms Tylenol (acetaminophen) needs to be on the ever-growing list of potentially dangerous drugs.
The study concluded that "staggered overdoses" - which is when a person takes small overdoses repeatedly - were more deadly than single large overdoses, despite the fact that those who experienced staggered overdoses took less total Tylenol than those who suffered from a single overdose.
Researcher Kenneth Simpson, of the University of Edinburgh, and his colleagues studied 663 patients admitted to an Edinburgh hospital for liver problems from taking acetaminophen between 1992 and 2008. The study discovered that 161 patients had been taking staggered overdoses - taking on average 24 grams of the drug over several days as compared to the single overdose average of 27 grams.
The study discovered that 37.3 percent of staggered overdose patients died compared to 27.8 percent of single overdose patients. The study also found that patients who experienced staggered overdoses were more likely to suffer from brain and liver problems as well. Simpson theorized that acetaminophen builds up in the liver and kills the cells during a staggered overdose.
Unfortunately for patients, it may be difficult to test for staggered overdoses because these patients may have levels of the drug below what a blood test would conclude as an overdose. It is important to be vigilant in protecting your health and rights if you believe your liver may have been damaged from taking Tylenol.


So, OmnomIRC has so many features - most people don't even know them all, or how to use them, resulting in very basic questions.
Thus I am making this topic, in the hope people will realize all its features and use 'em!
Now, there are also multiple channels up there, the tabs, hitting them will join you that channel.
Under the channels is the topic container, it'll display the topic of that channel, if it has any.
Now, text sometimes appears red, that means that you got highlighted, you achive that if the message contains (by default the first 4) chars of your nick.
There is a options menu, in the top-right corner there are 5 hotlinks, one of them is 'Options', hit it and you will have more ways to customize your OmnomIRC.
"Support Staff","President","Administrator","Coder Of Tomorrow","Anti-Riot Squad"
Anyway cool that you got 'em listed.
An help command in omnomIRC listing all those features would be nice.
maybe a helpme link in the irc?
Anyway, nice to see a help option finally appear. I didn't know you could join other channels in omnom, that's nice.
Some people need a high five in the face... with a chair.
Bug report: /unignore no longer works. I don't think /ignore works either, but I am bit scared of trying right now. If I type /unignore nickname, nothing happens and the user remains ignored.
Ok, that is pretty weird. I'll look into it once I have time.
For now, do you want me to remove all your ignores from the database?
hey, could you list the commands for bots as well?
The bots are not part of OmnomIRC.
You'd have to ask the bot owners to make their own topic listing the commands. Of which I think there are already a couple.
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December 12, 2002 (PLANSPONSOR.com) - The Bank of New York (BoNY) has brought in a new recordkeeping partner and adopted its defined contribution recordkeeping platform to better allow BoNY to pursue larger plans with over 10,000 employees.
In a news media release Thursday, BoNY said it will bring in PFPC to handle the technology end of its recordkeeping including loading payroll tapes and recordkeeping software out of PFPC's Bloomington, Minnesota facility. However BoNY staff out of its Purchase, New York facility will continue to manage the recordkeeping process, the company said.
BoNY said it is maintaining its Purchase facility with an as-yet undetermined number of layoffs from the current 75-person staff, the company said.
Robert Goldstein, senior vice president and head of the BoNY Employee Investment Plans Division, said BoNY decided it needed a better recordkeeping system to be effective in expanding its targeted clients to the large plans. So BoNY has adopted PFPC's WySTAR platform as part of its VestedChoice product, Goldstein said.
"We also want to grow into the very large segment of the market and, in order to do that, we needed a more sophisticated technology platform," Goldstein told PLANSPONSOR.com.
BoNY said the enhanced VestedChoice product will provide sponsors online access to plan information and automation of administrative and payroll processes.
Participants will benefit from enhancements to participant statements, Internet and phone account information systems, and expanded call-center hours.
In his PLANSPONSOR.com interview, Goldstein denied press reports that BoNY was laying off all 75 Purchase workers and getting out of the 401(k) recordkeeping space. "We're definitely not exiting the business," Goldstein maintained.