OBJECTIVE: To estimate if membrane sweeping increases the rate of prelabor rupture of membranes.
METHODS: This randomized trial of term, uncomplicated pregnancies included 300 patients. Patients were randomly assigned into sweep or no-sweep groups, with patients and delivering providers blinded to group allocation. Only the examining provider in the clinic was unblinded to group allocation. Membranes were then swept or not swept at each weekly visit from 38 weeks of gestation onward, depending on the randomization. Data collected included parity, cervix examination at each visit, estimated gestational age at delivery, rupture of membranes, and maternal or fetal complications.
RESULTS: A total of 162 patients were randomly assigned to the membrane sweep group and 138 to the no-sweep group. There was no difference in baseline characteristics or obstetric and neonatal outcomes between the groups. The average gestational age at delivery and induction rate were not different. The overall prelabor rupture of membranes rate was not significantly higher in the membrane sweep group (12% compared with 7%) (P=.19); however, patients with a cervix more than 1 cm dilated at time of membrane sweeping were more likely to have prelabor rupture of membranes if they were in the membrane sweep group (9.1% compared with 0%; relative risk 1.10, 95% confidence interval 1.03–1.18).
CONCLUSION: No benefit in gestational age at delivery or reduction of postmaturity occurred from membrane sweeping. Although the overall prelabor rupture of membranes rates were similar, patients with membrane sweeping occurring at more than 1 cm cervical dilation may be at increased risk of prelabor rupture of membranes.
Membrane sweeping does not increase the overall rate of prelabor rupture of membranes.
From the 1Tripler Army Medical Center, Honolulu, Hawaii; 2Madigan Army Medical Center, Tacoma, Washington; and 3Mid-South Perinatal Associates, Jackson, Tennessee.
Supported by the Department of Clinical Investigation at Tripler Army Medical Center, Honolulu, Hawaii.
Presented at the 2007 Armed Forces District Annual Meeting, Louisville, Kentucky, October 28–31, 2007, and at the Annual Clinical Meeting of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists as the Donald F. Richardson Memorial Prize Paper, New Orleans, Louisiana, May 3–7, 2008.
The views expressed in this manuscript are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Army, Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government.
Corresponding author: Micah J. Hill, DO, Blanchfield Army Community Hospital, 650 Joel Drive, Fort Campbell, KY 42223; e-mail: micah.j.hill@us.army.mil.
Membrane sweeping or stripping is a common practice in routine obstetrics for term pregnancies. The primary aim of membrane sweeping is to decrease the number of pregnancies which remain undelivered at 42 weeks (postmaturity), thereby decreasing the need for labor induction.1–7 This intervention has been shown to increase intracervical phospholipase A2 activity and plasma 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-prostaglandin F2α, with a corresponding rise in contractions 3 hours after the intervention. These changes may stimulate labor.8,9 The reported side effects of membrane sweeping are increased maternal discomfort, mild bleeding, and irregular uterine contractions.3,4 Multiple studies have established membrane sweeping as a safe practice that does not increase maternal or fetal morbidity or mortality1,2; however, no studies have evaluated prelabor rupture of membranes as a primary outcome. Prelabor rupture of membranes is most commonly defined as rupture of membranes before the onset of labor and occurs in 8% of term pregnancies.10 Since the introduction of membrane sweeping as a routine practice at Tripler Army Medical Center, we have anecdotally noted an apparent increase in prelabor rupture of membranes. It may be that the reduction in postmature pregnancies with membrane sweeping is in part due to an increase in prelabor rupture of membranes with subsequent labor induction.
A recent prospective trial found no increase in prelabor rupture of membranes, although assessment of prelabor rupture of membranes as an outcome variable was not added until midway through the study.11 A meta-analysis of membrane sweeping found 10 publications that analyzed prelabor rupture of membranes as a secondary outcome, although none of these studies sought to analyze prelabor rupture of membranes in their objectives. The meta-analysis found a relative risk for prelabor rupture of membranes of 1.14, but the finding was not statistically significant.1 The largest study included in the meta-analysis did find a significantly increased risk of prelabor rupture of membranes.12 The studies in the meta-analysis vary greatly in their incidence of prelabor rupture of membranes, ranging from 2–39% in the membrane sweeping groups and 2–26% in the control groups.1 This wide variation, the fact that these studies were not primarily designed to compare prelabor rupture of membranes rates, and the reported general population 8–10% prelabor rupture of membranes rate10,13 suggests limitations in the ability of this meta-analysis to detect a difference in prelabor rupture of membranes rates.
A Cochrane review of membrane sweeping suggests that this procedure provides little clinical benefit.1 If this intervention has minimal clinical benefit, it is important to evaluate all potential risks associated with it. Our aim was to address whether routine membrane sweeping increases prelabor rupture of membranes in a randomized controlled trial.
We carried out a blinded, randomized controlled trial at Tripler Army Medical Center in Honolulu, Hawaii between March 2006 and May 2007. Patients with uncomplicated pregnancies were approached for enrollment in the study between 30–37 weeks of gestation. All patients had confirmation of gestational age by first-trimester crown rump length or mid second-trimester biometry assessment. Additional inclusion criteria were singleton pregnancy, cephalic presentation, and anticipated vaginal delivery. Exclusion criteria fell into three main categories: indications for labor induction, indications for cesarean delivery, and contraindications to membrane sweeping. These included multiple gestation, placenta previa, placental abruption, pregestational or gestational diabetes, chronic or gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, any pregnancy with an indication for induction other than impending postmaturity, any pregnancy for which a cesarean delivery was planned, history of preterm delivery, history of vasa previa, active cervical infection, third-trimester vaginal bleeding, müllerian anomalies, severe fetal anomalies, and active genital herpes infection.
Upon obtaining written informed consent, patients were entered into a computer-generated randomizer program. Participants were randomly assigned to receive either weekly membrane sweeping or no membrane sweeping for the duration of the pregnancy after 38 0/7 weeks gestational age (Fig. 1). Several steps were taken to insure that participants, researchers, and providers were blinded to group allocation. Participants were not informed as to the group allocation. It was understood that many patients would realize which intervention they were receiving, but we felt that not informing the patients of their group allocation would increase the quality of the blinding process. Prior studies have shown membrane sweeping to be associated with increased maternal discomfort, mild bleeding, and irregular uterine contractions.3,4 It was recognized that not informing the patients of group allocation is not fully equivalent to patient blinding because full blinding is not possible in this type of study. Each patient was identified by a computer-generated sequential number that was placed in her chart. Upon seeing a patient who was enrolled in the trial during a routine prenatal appointment, the clinician would enter the participant number into a Web-based program that would tell the provider whether to sweep or not to sweep the membranes. These data were not included in the patient chart. A computer log was kept of all access through the program to the patient identifier to ensure no one but the clinician seeing the patient for routine obstetric appointments accessed her group assignment. Providers who admitted the patient to the labor and delivery unit were also blinded to the patient's group allocation. The same restrictions were placed on the authors of this article until the end of the trial and the completion of all data collection. All data were collected and all chart analysis was done by the primary author, who was also blinded to the group allocations. Unblinding did not occur until the time of data analysis.
Fig. 1.Hill. Effect of Membrane Sweeping. Obstet Gynecol 2008.
The trial was conducted in a teaching hospital setting. Clinical providers included resident physicians, attending staff physicians, nurse practitioners, and certified nurse midwives. If a participant was assigned to the sweep arm of the trial, she received a cervix examination at every visit from 38 weeks of gestation until delivery. If the cervix was dilated, the provider swept a finger in a 360-degree fashion inside the cervix, thereby separating the lower uterine segment from the amniotic sac. If the cervix was closed, it was massaged as described by prior authors.1 If the participant was assigned to the no-sweep arm, a weekly cervix examination was performed from 38 weeks of gestation until delivery. Special effort was made on this examination not to stretch or manipulate the cervix. Data on cervical dilation, effacement, and fetal station were recorded at each visit from 38 weeks of gestation until delivery. Patients are assigned a single provider at our institution, and most patients had the same providers for the majority of their visits. When the patient's assigned provider was unavailable, an alternative provider performed the examination.
Upon admission to labor and delivery, data were collected on the indication for admission, induction, estimated gestational age at delivery, prelabor rupture of membranes, cervical examination, and Bishop's score. Subsequently, data were collected on labor outcomes, route of delivery, pregnancy complications, neonatal complications, group B streptococci status, and neonatal intensive care unit admissions. Prelabor rupture of membranes as an indication for admission was confirmed by Nitrazine Paper (Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ) testing, ferning test, and speculum examination. Prelabor rupture of membranes was defined as confirmation of ruptured membranes without contractions or contractions more than 10 minutes apart at the time of membrane rupture. If prelabor rupture of membranes occurred just before the patient presenting to the labor unit, the assessment of contraction frequency was made by tocodynamometer. If prelabor rupture of membranes occurred before the patient presenting to the labor unit, the assessment of contraction frequency was based on the patient's subjective assessment of her contractions at the time of membrane rupture. Patients who did not enter labor or who had an indication for induction before 41 weeks of gestation had induction of labor during the 41st week.
Numerous prespecified analyses were performed on differences in demographics, obstetric outcomes, obstetric complications, and prelabor rupture of membranes rates. A post-hoc analysis was performed to examine the effect of cervical dilatation on prelabor rupture of membranes rates in the sweep and no-sweep groups. This subgroup analysis was performed comparing those with a cervical examination 1 cm or less dilation in the two groups and those with a cervical examination more than 1 cm dilation in the two groups at the clinic visit preceding admission to labor and delivery.
Data were analyzed on an intent-to-treat basis. Power analysis was based on data from a meta-analysis.1 We calculated a total of 300 patients (150 in each arm) required at an alpha error of 0.05 for an 80% chance of showing a 15% difference in prelabor rupture of membranes between the sweep and no-sweep arms. Parametric analyses were performed with a Student t test and nonparametric analyses were performed with a Mann-Whitney rank sum test. Normality of data were determined with a Shapiro-Wilk test. A Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance was used for multiple means comparisons. Differences in outcome rates were analyzed with a χ2 or two-tailed Fisher exact test where appropriate. Relative risk and 95% confidence intervals were calculated where appropriate. All data were reported as means with their associated standard deviations. Data analysis was performed with SPSS software (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL). The study protocol was approved by the human use committee at Tripler Army Medical Center, Honolulu, Hawaii.
Three hundred patients were enrolled in the trial between March 2006 and May 2007. During the study period, a total of 3,341 patients delivered at our facility. Thus, our study group represented 9% of our total patient population. No enrolled patients were subsequently found to be ineligible for the study. Seventeen patients in the no-sweep group and seventeen patients in the sweep group delivered after group allocation but before 38 weeks of gestation. Three patients in the no-sweep arm insisted upon having their cervixes swept and their request was honored. No patients in the sweep group refused membrane sweeping. Patients who delivered before 38 weeks or insisted upon membrane sweeping were analyzed on an intent-to-treat basis.
The baseline characteristics of the groups were similar (Table 1). There were similar numbers of multiparous and nulliparous patients in each group. Racial demographics were similar between the groups. Both groups had a 25% group B streptococci (GBS) carrier status. Baseline cervical exams were also similar between the two groups. The sweep group mean initial cervical examination on entry into the study (38 weeks of gestation) was 1.5 cm dilation, 44% effacement, and –2.9 station. The no-sweep group cervical examination was similar, with means of 1.4 cm dilation, 40% effacement, and –3.4 station. Twenty-five (15%) patients in the sweep group had cervical massage performed at least once, due to cervical dilation inadequate to sweep. Seventeen (10%) of these patients had cervical massage performed more than once. There were no cases of prelabor rupture of membranes in the week after a cervical massage examination (25 patients undergoing a total of 49 cervical massages).
There was no difference in prelabor rupture of membranes rates between the two groups (Table 2). Prelabor rupture of membranes occurred in 10 of 138 (7%) of patients in the no-sweep group and 19 of 162 (12%) of patients in the sweep group (P=.19). Prelabor rupture of membranes occurrences in both groups were clustered in the 39th and 40th weeks (78% in the sweep group and 60% in the no sweep group). All patients who were diagnosed with prelabor rupture of membranes required oxytocin induction of labor. Four patients (2.9%) in the no-sweep group and four patients (2.4%) in the sweep group had prelabor rupture of membranes after randomization but before intervention. When all patients who delivered after randomization but before intervention were excluded from analysis, the prelabor rupture of membranes rate was 15 of 145 (10.3%) in the sweep group and 6 of 121 (5.0%) in the no-sweep group (P=.10).
When subgroups were analyzed based upon their cervical examination at the clinic visit before admission to labor and delivery, no differences in prelabor rupture of membranes occurred in the groups with 1 cm or less dilation. However, those who were more than 1 cm dilated were more likely to have prelabor rupture of membranes if they were in the membrane sweeping group. In this subgroup, membrane sweeping was associated with a 9.1% prelabor rupture of membranes rate compared with a 0% prelabor rupture of membranes rate in the no-sweep group (relative risk 1.10, 95% confidence interval 1.03–1.18). There was no difference between the groups when other obstetric outcomes were compared. This included vaginal delivery rates, cesarean delivery rates, spontaneous labor, spontaneous rupture of membranes, labor induction, chorioamnionitis, endomyometritis, postmaturity, neonatal intensive care unit admission, and neonatal infection (Table 2). No difference was noted between the two groups for induction rate (32% compared with 25%; P=.15). Chorioamnionitis rates were similar in GBS-negative patients between sweep and no-sweep groups (5% compared with 6%) and in GBS-positive patients between the groups (7% compared with 0%; P=.24).
There were 14 impending postmature inductions in the two groups during the 41st week. For scheduling reasons, five pregnancies progressed to the 42nd week of gestation. There was no difference in postmaturity or impending postmature inductions between the two groups. The mean and median delivery dates were similar between the groups (Table 2). When the percentage of patients remaining pregnant at each day after 38 weeks was compared between the two groups, no advantage of early delivery was seen by membrane sweeping (Fig. 2). The mean time from study entry (38 weeks of gestation) until delivery was 11 days in both groups (P=1). The median time from study entry to delivery was 11 days in the no-sweep group and 12 days in the sweep group (P=.76).
Fig. 2.Hill. Effect of Membrane Sweeping. Obstet Gynecol 2008.
We performed a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effect of membrane sweeping on prelabor rupture of membranes. Membrane sweeping did not result in an increase in prelabor rupture of membranes. The actual difference in prelabor rupture of membranes rates was 5% between the sweep and no-sweep groups, whereas our study was powered to evaluate for a 15% or greater difference. We performed a subgroup analysis of the effect of membrane sweeping on prelabor rupture of membranes based upon cervical dilation at the time of examination. Patients who were more than 1 cm dilated at their examination before admission were significantly more likely to have prelabor rupture of membranes if they underwent membrane sweeping (P<.05). Prelabor rupture of membranes rates were similar between the groups in the patients 0–1 cm dilated. It may be that a cervix 0–1 cm dilated is difficult to sweep adequately, and therefore an increase in prelabor rupture of membranes would not be seen in this group. If a difference in prelabor rupture of membranes does exist between sweep and no-sweep groups, it would most likely be seen in those patients who have the most appropriate cervical examination for adequate membrane sweeping, namely those who are more than 1 cm dilated at the time of examination.
Our study was undertaken to answer the question of whether membrane sweeping increases prelabor rupture of membranes. The rationale for performing membrane sweeping has been to reduce the number of postmature inductions. If postmature inductions are decreased at the cost of more inductions for prelabor rupture of membranes, this would defeat the ostensible benefit of the procedure. Because membrane sweeping can be uncomfortable for patients and takes additional clinical time to perform, if no clear clinical benefit is obtained, then the use of the procedure itself can be called into question. No previous study has been designed to primarily determine prelabor rupture of membranes rates. Among previous studies, definitions of prelabor rupture of membranes are either not given or not consistent with each other, and reported prelabor rupture of membranes rates have varied from 3% to 39%. Our overall finding that membrane sweeping does not increase prelabor rupture of membranes is consistent with the majority of published data.1–4,6,7,11,14 Goldenberg et al12 reported an increase in prelabor rupture of membranes from membrane sweeping; however. their rate of prelabor rupture of membranes in the sweep group was 39%, whereas ours was only 12%. This large discrepancy suggests a difference in the clinical diagnosis of prelabor rupture of membranes between the two studies. We are not aware of any studies which have evaluated the risk of prelabor rupture of membranes based upon cervical dilation at the time of membrane sweeping. Our findings suggest that patients at more than 1 cm dilation may be at increased risk for prelabor rupture of membranes as a result of membrane sweeping. However, this is a result of a subgroup analysis and requires verification in a study designed to address this possibility.
Our study and the literature to date show that membrane sweeping seems to be a safe practice.1 However, it must be noted that that our study was not powered to appropriately compare the rates of rare outcomes, such as neonatal GBS sepsis, in membrane sweeping patients.
Potential weaknesses of this study include the definition of prelabor rupture of membranes. There is no criterion standard test, or even agreed-upon definition, for prelabor rupture of membranes. Our definition of contractions less than 10 minutes apart at the time of membrane rupture was designed to be conservative and clinically applicable. Indeed, in reviewing the data, the majority of prelabor rupture of membranes patients did not have any uterine contractions at the time of diagnosis, making the diagnosis simple for the purposes of this study. All patients diagnosed with prelabor rupture of membranes in this study required subsequent induction of labor, adding validity to the diagnosis of prelabor rupture of membranes. Additionally, the prelabor rupture of membranes rates of 12% and 7% in the two groups is similar to the overall prelabor rupture of membranes rate of 10.5% at our institution for the year 2007, adding internal validity to our findings. When comparing our trial to others, differences in prelabor rupture of membranes definition may explain differences in outcomes.
The post-hoc analysis introduces additional tests which increase the likelihood of a false-positive result. However, it does provide interesting data on prelabor rupture of membranes rates in patients who undergo membrane sweeping at various cervical dilations, which may help guide future research.
Our trial had several strengths: the specific design to examine prelabor rupture of membranes, the extensive steps taken to blind the authors and delivery providers to group allocation, the randomized controlled design, and the maintaining of blinding until completion of all data collection. Additionally, our study included a large variety of obstetrics providers—attending physicians, resident physicians, midwives, and nurse practitioners—and therefore has wide clinical application.
In conclusion, we found no overall difference in prelabor rupture of membranes rates between those receiving membrane sweeping and those without membrane sweeping. However, a post-hoc analysis suggests that patients who are more than 1 cm dilated during membrane sweeping may be at increased risk of prelabor rupture of membranes. A prospective trial designed specifically to assess prelabor rupture of membranes rates in patients receiving membrane sweeping when the cervix is more than 1 cm dilated is warranted.
1. Boulvain M, Stan C, Irion O. Membrane sweeping for induction of labor. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2005, Issue 1. Art. No.: CD000451. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD000451.
2. Magann EF, McNamara MF, Whitworth NS, Chauhan SP, Thorpe RA, Morrison JC. Can we decrease postdatism in women with an unfavorable cervix and a negative fetal fibronectin test result at term by serial membrane sweeping? Am J Obstet Gynecol 1998;179:890–4.
3. Cammu H, Haitsma V. Sweeping of the membranes at 39 weeks in nulliparous women: a randomised controlled trial. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1998;105:41–4.
4. Boulvain M, Fraser W, Marcoux S, Fontaine JY, Bazin S, Pinault JJ, et al. Does sweeping of the membranes reduce the need for formal induction of labour? A randomised controlled trial. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1998;105:34–40.
5. Allott HA, Palmer CR. Sweeping the membranes: a valid procedure in stimulating the onset of labour? Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1993;100:889–903.
6. Wong SF, Hui SK, Choi H, Ho LC. Does sweeping of membranes beyond 40 weeks reduce the need for formal induction of labour? BJOG 2002;109:632–6.
7. el-Torkey M, Grant JM. Sweeping of the membranes is an effective method of induction of labour in prolonged pregnancy: a report of a randomized trial. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1992;99:455–8.
8. McColgin SW, Bennett WA, Roach H, Cowan BD, Martin JN Jr, Morrison JC. Parturitional factors associated with membrane stripping. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1993;169:71–7.
9. Keirse M, Thiery M, Parewijck W, Mitchell M. Chronic stimulation of uterine prostaglandin synthesis during cervical ripening before the onset of labor. Prostaglandins 1983;25:671–82.
10. Gabbe SG, Niebyl JR, Simpson JL, editors. Obstetrics: normal and problem pregnancies. 4th ed. New York (NY): Churchill Livingston; 2002. p. 389.
11. de Miranda E, van der Bom JG, Bonsel GJ, Bleker OP, Rosendaal FR. Membrane sweeping and prevention of post-term pregnancy in low-risk pregnancies: a randomised controlled trial. BJOG 2006;113:402–8.
12. Goldenberg M, Dulitzky M, Feldman B, Zolti M, Bider D. Stretching of the cervix and stripping of the membranes at term: a randomised controlled study. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 1996;66:129–32.
13. Garite TJ. Premature Rupture of the Membranes In: Creasy RK, Resnik R, editors. Maternal–fetal medicine. 4th ed. Philadelphia (PA): WB Saunders; 1999. p. 644–5.
14. Tannirandorn Y, Jumrustanasan T. A comparative study of membrane stripping and nonstripping for induction of labor in uncomplicated term pregnancy. J Med Assoc Thai 1999;82:229–33.
Obstetrics & Gynecology111(6):1313-1319, June 2008.


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Malia and Sasha's flawless fashion since they left the White House
https://youtube.com/watch?v=f7nM-1KgpKQ
Malia and Sasha Obama were little girls when their dad was elected to be the 44th president of the United States. Barack Obama was first a state senator in Illinois, then was elected to be a U.S. senator representing the state of Illinois, and then became the Democratic party nominee for president in 2008. Their mother Michelle has, among other things, been considered an influential fashion icon for many years.
The girls, for much of their father's time in office, were young and their fashion and style expertise really wasn't much of a consideration. They've grown up, however, and especially since leaving the White House in January 2017, they've shown off their flawless fashion and will surely continue to flaunt their individual senses of style — no longer in the immediate public eye — for many years to come.
Returning from vacation in Hawaii
While they weren't technically out of the White House yet, the Obama family went to Hawaii over the winter holidays during their final vacation in the White House and returned to Washington D.C. after the New Year. While some choose to travel in their athleisure finest, Sasha and Malia still managed to be somewhat fashionable, even while traveling such a long distance.
Malia stepped off the plane in an all-black, comfortable outfit with great shoes and a maroon coat, her hair pulled back into a slightly-messy ponytail, elevated with a twist on the side of her head. Sasha wore a fleece-lined denim jacket over her outfit with trendy, black-framed glasses. Sasha pulled her hair only partially back, but, like her older sister, had a twist on the side of her head. Fashionable after a long flight, that's the dream.
Malia leaving for Chicago
You already know that Sasha and Malia look flawless when traveling, but Malia's outfit while traveling to Chicago to attend her father's last major speech as president was definitely a standout. She wore her elegant black and white dress, black ankle boots and sheer black tights that she'd be wearing to the speech later that night, but she topped it off with a gorgeous camel-colored coat, a rich brown leather travel bag, and a structured black handbag.
According to Teen Vogue, her camel coat is from 3.1 Phillip Lim. Channel Malia's keen sense of style this fall and winter by pairing camel and black for a timeless look.
Malia at the Chicago farewell address
Former President Barack Obama gave his final speech to the nation on January 10, 2017 from McCormick Place in Chicago. While his wife Michelle and daughter Malia (as well as Vice President Joe Biden and his wife Jill) traveled to Chicago for the speech, Sasha stayed behind in Washington because she had a test the next day at school, according to Us Weekly.
Malia's flattering and interesting, yet understated black and white dress was by Cinq a Sept and she paired it with sheer black tights, black ankle boots, and a black choker necklace. She wore her hair simply, as well. Classic, but still with a little bit of personality.
At Joe Biden's Medal of Freedom ceremony
Then-President Barack Obama honored then-Vice President Joe Biden with the Presidential Medal of Freedom on January 12, 2017 in the White House State Dining Room and both Malia and Sasha attended the ceremony. Malia looked elegant in navy, while Sasha showed off her great taste in a complementary navy, white, and gold patterned dress. These sisters certainly don't always dress alike, but when they wear complementary outfits, they both definitely make the best dressed list.
Malia going to her internship
According to Vanity Fair, after the Obama family returned from their post-presidency vacation, Malia moved to New York City to take an internship with legendary film producer Harvey Weinstein. Over the course of her internship, Malia was frequently photographed around the city.
On this particular day, according to AOL, Malia donned an army green crop top, high-waisted denim, a leather backpack, and white sneakers. She pulled her hair back into a carefree look, which looked both pulled together and very casual.
Malia out and about in New York City
In March 2017, while Malia was interning at The Weinstein Company, she stepped out in a decidedly '90s, slightly retro look. According to BET, the former First Daughter wore stylish, throwback K-Swiss sneakers with her color block windbreaker jacket and light-washed, boyfriend fit jeans. Her confidence in the look will convince even the fiercest critic. If this look doesn't say casual, fashionable spring weekend fun in the city, I'm not quite sure what does.
Malia eating at a restaurant
Instagram via @odellbeckhamsr
During Malia's time in New York City, she was often photographed out around town. According to InStyle, Malia spent time out with a friend in New York City in May wearing a New York Giants cap, darkish denim jacket, cropped, dark-wash jeans, black booties, and a white shirt. Malia just might be better at the casual weekend look than anyone else. She also demonstrated that it really can be stylish to wear jeans with a denim jacket, in case you still weren't sure about that.
Sasha at her sweet 16 party
Instagram via @realsashaobamaa
Though Sasha Obama was just a little girl when her dad was elected president, she grew up over the eight years the family spent in the White House. Sasha turned 16 in 2017 and celebrated in style with her friends and family.
According to the YBF, the party took place in May, though photos of the event didn't become public until June. Harper's Bazaar reported that Sasha's red satin slip dress was a Jill Jill Stuart dress, which she paired with delicate gold necklaces. Talk about style.
On vacation in Bali
In June 2017, the Obama family traveled to Indonesia. The trip wasn't necessarily full of fashionable moments (the best vacations usually aren't), but while visiting the Tirta Empul Temple, Sasha, Malia, and Michelle wore yellow sarongs over their clothing, which is the custom when visiting holy sites, according to InStyle.
Sasha wore a simple black spaghetti-strapped blouse, a baseball cap, and sunglasses, while Malia previewed her Harvard move-in outfit in the same Alexander Wang t-shirt she'd later wear there, leggings, and a baseball cap.
Malia at Lollapalooza
Both Malia and Sasha went "home" to Chicago for Lollapalooza, the annual music festival held each year in the city's Grant Park. There are tons of great fashion moments each year at Lollapalooza, but the stylish former first daughters are often a highlight.
At the 2017 festival, after they'd left the White House, Malia attended several shows including Aminé's, according to Vibe. Malia wore a gray-blue tube top with dark-washed denim, which is perfect for a music festival or the perfect summer dinner on one of Chicago's many patios.
Malia moving in at Harvard University
Instagram via @colorblindmag
College move-in can be an exciting, stressful, and a little bit sad experience all at once. Malia Obama moved in at Harvard in August of 2017, after taking a gap year the year prior, interning at The Weinstein Company, working on the set of Girls, and working as a production assistant on the set of Extant, according to The Boston Globe. Malia wore a t-shirt underneath a simple, casual black dress to move in to her freshman dorm (assisted by her parents, of course), keeping things stylish, yet comfortable.
Malia and Sasha's fashion has evolved a lot over the years
Now that Malia and Sasha have grown up and left the White House, they have more control over their fashion and sense of style than ever before. They're no longer in the public eye as frequently as they used to be and they're no longer members of the first family.
"Everyone is keeping an eye out for what they're doing and who they're wearing," Hilary Novelle Hahn, founder of The Style Club, told me. "I think they're always going to be on everybody's radar, especially now that they're getting older and their styles are evolving and maturing along with them." Each of the young women has come into her own, taking after their stylish mother and becoming budding fashion icons in their own right.
The stunning transformation of Amy Schumer


(1950- ) American artist. After obtaining a BA in art from San Jose State University in 1973, Whelan began attending the Art Center College of Design in Los Angeles; however, after displaying his artwork at a few sf conventions, he received an offer from Donald A Wollheim to paint covers for DAW Books, inspiring him to leave school and move to New York to work as a professional artist. Some of his early covers clearly reflect the influence of Frank Frazetta, featuring muscular warriors and beautiful women in various states of undress, a style displayed on some highly praised covers for republications of Edgar Rice Burroughs's Barsoom novels and Michael Moorcock's Elric books. But he also produced more variegated covers along more symbolic lines which were striking and carefully designed: for Richard Davis's anthology The Year's Best Horror Stories: Series III (1975), he painted a clutching hand with an eye in its palm emerging from an Asteroid also inhabited by the traditional figure of Death; for a 1976 edition of Clifford D Simak's City (fixup 1952), he referenced all of its elements with a moody amalgam of human, Robot, and animal faces next to a large ant, with the planet Jupiter in the background; and for Doris Piserchia's Earthchild (1977), he depicted liquid blue hands emerging from an ocean holding a transparent egg with a naked woman inside. Other covers, like his stunning effort for a 1978 edition of Poul Anderson's World without Stars (1967), combined realistic portraiture, persuasively bizarre Aliens, and unexpected use of colour. Such skill and versatility did not go unnoticed, as Whelan in the late 1970s was recruited by other publishers, began receiving nominations for awards, and published his first compilation of artwork, Wonderworks: Science Fiction and Fantasy Art (1979).
It was in the 1980s, however, that Whelan unquestionably emerged as the field's most renowned, and most profitable, artist. He received the Hugo as Best Professional Artist seven years in a row – from 1980 to 1986 – a streak broken only because he declined a nomination in 1987; he went on to win the same award six more times, also receiving the 1988 Best Nonfiction award for his second compilation, Michael Whelan's Works of Wonder (1987). Whelan has also won numerous Locus Awards and Chesley Awards, along with some World Fantasy Awards and Spectrum Awards. Among sf artists, only Frank Kelly Freas had ever achieved such sustained popularity. His talents were eagerly sought by publishers who recognized that a Whelan cover would boost any book's sales, leading to many major assignments, and his original work fetched astonishingly high prices at sf art auctions. Some found his singular success difficult to explain or analyse, though everyone acknowledged that his work was consistently vivid, meticulous, naturalistic, and highly finished, if occasionally a bit languid; his style was also not entirely unprecedented, since he has acknowledged a debt to British colleagues, and he was regularly compared to Jim Burns in particular. Whelan has spoken of his consciousness that it was during the 1980s that sf art became – at least at the top – a well paid profession for almost the first time, and even his critics would have to agree that he played an important role in steering sf art away from the abstract styles of previous eras toward a more representational approach, and also helped to boost the prestige and visibility all artists in the field.
Whelan's success soon allowed him to work on some independent paintings, some of which found their way into his third book, The Art of Michael Whelan: Scenes/Visions (New York: Bantam Books, 1993), and after being asked by Michael Jackson to paint the cover for the Jacksons' Victory album (1984), he went on to paint a number of additional album covers, most famously Meat Loaf's Bat Out of Hell II: Back into Hell (1993), an extravagant portrayal of a huge bat roosting on a building while being approached by a man on a flying motorcycle. But he never abandoned book covers, continuing to work steadily in that area during the 1990s. He earned particular acclaim for his cover for Joan D Vinge's The Summer Queen (1991), an attractive portrait of a woman wearing an elaborate, multicoloured mask that earned him both a Chesley Award and a Hugo Award for Original Artwork. He also won Chesley Awards for the cover of the November 1992 issue of Asimov's Science Fiction, celebrating the late Isaac Asimov by showing him standing on a stack of books, holding a keyboard, next to a reclining Robot holding a chalice; for the cover of Melanie Rawn, Jennifer Roberson, and Kate Elliott's The Golden Key (1996), a subdued portrait of a painter next to a painting of a man surrounded by gold bands; and for the cover of Tad Williams's Mountain of Black Glass (1999), a complex array of Egyptian statues, craggy mountaintops, and a tiny winged woman. If Whelan's star no longer seemed to shine as brightly, that was largely due to the emergence of newer artists who, for the most part, were following in his footsteps.


Image Title: Solid Granite Countertops Vs Overlay Wholesale Direct Within Countertop Designs 9. Post Title: Granite Countertop Overlay. Filename: solid-granite-countertops-vs-overlay-wholesale-direct-within-countertop-designs-9.jpg. Image Dimension: 490 x 296 pixels. Images Format: jpg/jpeg. Publisher/Author: Damion Denesik. Uploaded Date: Sunday - October 07th. 2018 14:47:16 PM. Category: Architecture. Image Source: diy.com. Granite Countertop Overlay Luxury Countertops Kitchen 28 With Regard To Remodel 7. Is Granite Overlay Worth Considering Over Solid Countertops With Countertop Decor 0. Granite Countertop Overlay Faux Marble And Also With Regard To Prepare 18. Granite Overlay Installation A Day In The Life Regarding Countertop Remodel 2. Granite Countertop Overlay Countertops Overlays Prices With Remodel 13. What Are Granite Counter Overlays Fox Countertops Pertaining To Countertop Overlay Remodel 4. Thin Granite Countertop Overlay Feat For Frame Remarkable Decor 14. How The Countertop Overlay Installation Process Works Granite Throughout Decor 3. Granite Overlay Installation A Day In The Life Countertop Prepare 8. Granite Countertop Overlay Safana Designs Within Plan 17.


The best getaways are the ones that coincide with special occasions – both planned and unplanned. In this case, booking a weekend getaway to the country town of Bendigo for my 30th birthday was planned. However, booking it for the same weekend as the annual Blues & Roots Festival was an unplanned but a highly pleasant surprise.
Bendigo is close enough to Melbourne to be accessible for a weekend away with no need to take any extra annual leave, small enough to be traversable without a car, and large enough to have plenty to offer those looking for a diverting weekend. We took the Vline train up to Bendigo on the Friday evening after work (and after dinner at Dumpling World), arriving at Bendigo station around 9pm. We jumped into a taxi for the eight minute trip to our Art Series Hotel The Schaller Studio, and were treated to the first of many friendly encounters with locals that weekend.
Is it just me, or are country people naturally friendlier? Where most Melbourne taxi drivers will ignore you, we had a good chat with our taxi driver, then with hotel staff who checked us in, with bartenders and waitresses, and with the owner at 5ifty boutique where I bought my first organic bamboo cotton clothing items (I'm teaching myself about ethical clothing). In fact, they're so friendly that the boutique owner even gave us her own copy of the Blues & Roots Festival program, marked up with her recommendations of where to go and which acts to see.
That was another highlight of our trip – the Blues & Roots Festival. It's not normally my preferred genre of music, but to having the twang of guitars constantly playing in the background of a stroll through the city is quite soothing. It was all about the slower pace of life – things like stopping for a half hour in Rosalind Park in the city centre and finding a patch of grass to join all the locals in listening to a free public concert.
In the same vein, we also enjoyed a Sunday afternoon stroll around Lake Weeroona, joining all the family and friends groups having picnics and barbecues. It honestly felt like we were back in Munich Germany, with the forced Sunday closure of shops and businesses creating a cosier community atmosphere. Spending time outside in nature with family on a Sunday definitely beats spending your time in a crowded shopping centre. Ban Sunday trading I say!
The main reason I chose Bendigo for our getaway? I wanted to visit the Bendigo Art Gallery which is renowned for its remarkable exhibitions. At the time of our visit, they were showing items from the personal archive of Australian haute couture designer Toni Maticevski. His creations are beautiful – structural but ethereal, and altogether other-worldly. However, they're the type of creations that look best on a mannequin. I tried to envision myself wearing even one of the creations, and I just couldn't visualise it. My life is rather too mundane for Maticevski to be in my wardrobe, I simply don't have any red carpet events to attend.
Food-wise, Bendigo has a lot going for it. It's only a small town, but with cool cafes like Percy and Percy, laneway bars like The Dispensary and innovative local hatted eateries like Masons of Bendigo, there's more than enough great dining spaces for a weekend away.
With our big Europe trip behind us, we're mainly going to be concentrating on local and domestic travel over the coming years. Part of it is financial – we're saving for big ticket items like house deposits! – but the other part is pragmatic – we're also saving our annual leave for things like eventual maternity leave. Short weekend getaways to places like Bendigo are what we have to look forward to…lucky there is so much to look forward to with great art, music and dining!


The Westbrooke Patio Homes Association identified the improvements proposed to be financed though the City of Hopkins and held a series of informational owner meetings. In October and November 1996, the Association voted on the proposed program and in December 1996 submitted the required petitions to hold public hearings on the creation of the housing improvement area and the setting of the fees. Petitions were signed by more than 35% of the owners.
The City of Hopkins held the necessary public hearings and approved the housing improvement area and fees. Owners were then given until March 21, 1997 to veto the imposition of the fees. A sufficient number of vetoes was not received.
Owners were given from March 24, 1997 to April 22, 1997 to prepay a portion (25% minimum) or the entire $6,905 fee. If an owner chose not to prepay the entire fee, payment of the fee must then be made twice annually for the 20-year term of the district. The payment is made through a fee on an owner's property tax statement (including interest and associated financing costs) beginning with property taxes payable in 1998. The interest rate on the fee is 7.81%.


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Game Reviews, Switch
I Am Dead Review – Switch
October 13, 2020 Jack Moulder	Leave a comment
Morris Lupton is dead. This wouldn't normally be too much of an issue, as Morris is spending his afterlife with his faithful canine companion Sparky, but Morris has found out that the island that he spent his life on is about to be destroyed by a volcanic eruption. To prevent his from happening, Morris and Sparky have been tasked to find a new Custodian for the island of Shelmerston. As the Custodian is required to be someone who has previously lived and died on the island, the duo is required to enter the memories of some of those who knew the island's departed residents best, in order to find the most suitable candidate to save Shelmerston.
I Am Dead has a fairly simple premise and gameplay setup, but this allows the experience to focus on presenting a charming sense of a community and a surprisingly affecting series of glimpses into the life of some of the residents of Shelmerston. The gameplay is effectively broken down into a number of chapters, with each focusing on a particular resident of the island. You learn more about each resident by entering the memories of those who knew them best, at which point you will be told a story from the memory-holder's perspective, with the player bringing each scene from the tale into focus by twisting and turning the image, similar to a kaleidoscope. There isn't much of a challenge to forming any of the images from these tales, but the mechanics do aid in allowing the player to feel like they have some agency in coaxing these stories out of the recesses of people's minds.
Once the story has been fully formed and told to completion, it will reveal clues to a memento from the subject's life. There are five mementos to find for each character and once found, their spirit will appear to allow Morris to converse with them in an attempt to convince them to take on the role of Custodian. Finding each memento is the trickiest part of I Am Dead, though providing you pay attention to the stories that you are being told, you will often have a good idea of where to look. To find the objects, Morris can use his newfound ability to look inside items, meaning that you can find things that would otherwise be hidden. To do this, you use the shoulder buttons on the controller to zoom in and out, but rather than zooming in on the surface level, Morris is able to cut through items, meaning that the further you zoom in, the more layers are peeled away. It's an intriguing mechanic that allows for some interesting puzzle design, but also works well on a visual level.
Visual design is one of I Am Dead's strongest aspects, and it goes a long way to establishing the identity of both the game itself, and of the island of Shelmerston. There's a definite feel of a children's storybook, both from the artistic style of the character and world design, but also from the characters themselves. There are characters with apples for heads, a Toucan that works as a ferry captain, and a race of sea-dwelling folk who mingle with the islanders and have a penchant for eating toast. Shelmerston is wonderfully designed and is consistently charming to observe, and there is a level of detail to the world that goes beyond the main narrative and includes a number of minute details that could easily be missed by players. One of my favorite examples of this was when I was looking for mementos in a park and found a bundle of nursing kittens hidden in a bush. It wasn't anything that added to the story or helped me with my ultimate objective, but it encouraged the thought that Shelmerston was a living world with plenty going on.
I Am Dead isn't a long game, and as mentioned previously, it isn't especially challenging either. I had maybe two or three of the mementos that required a little bit of time to find, but for the most part I had a good idea of where I needed to look for each one, either by paying attention to wat I was being told, or due to the fact that the mementos themselves were located in a fairly logical spot. I finished the game over a couple of evenings, and sitting on the couch with my partner, we were perfectly happy to take our time with the experience, listening to the stories of the residents and exploring each location to see what could be found off of the beaten path. Both the pacing of the narrative and the length of the overall game felt perfect for the story that was being told, and come the end of the experience, I was happy for the tale of Shelmerston to come to an end, as it felt appropriate.
Despite the threat of an active volcano looming over the island, I Am Dead contains a distinct lack of narrative thrust, but this isn't bad thing. While it there isn't as much of an ominous feeling as 2015's Everybody's Gone to the Rapture, there's a very similar air of quaintness to proceedings that, despite the fantastical inhabitants, make the island of Shelmerston feel real, like a village you went to on holiday when you were young, but now can't quite remember clearly. This isn't the kind of game for someone craving excitement and moment-to-moment reveals, because I Am Dead reveals itself slowly to the player, taking its time with building its characters and stories, rather than delivering them in a series of quick flurries.
I was initially a little confused by what I Am Dead was attempting to do. It felt like there was a general lack of purpose to what I was supposed to be doing, and while the art style was intriguing, I had no idea of who the characters were or why I would be interested in them. By the end the game though, I had developed a genuine warmth towards the cast and the setting, and I was sad to leave Shelmerston behind. The visual style, the voice acting and the character design all go a long way to making Shelmerston feel like a wonderful place to be, and the writing makes you care for these characters that you've never met, and some of whom have already been dead for a number of years. I Am Dead is a charming if slow-paced experience, and if you're looking for neatly delivered narrative package to relax with, then I Am Dead is well worth picking up.
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EURES advisers are trained specialists who provide the three basic EURES services of information, guidance and placement, to both jobseekers and employers interested in the European job market. They have developed specialised expertise in the practical, legal and administrative matters relating to mobility at national and cross-border levels. They work within the Public Employment Service of each member country, or within other partner organisations in the EURES network.


With this blog being more than 2.5 years old, I figured it was time to add a "Services" page to let readers know what I do when I'm not here blogging. Adding a "Services" page is something I've often considered over the past 2.5 years. I mean, how can people hire me if they don't know the kind of work I do? It only makes sense, right?
But, I wasn't sure how to write one, even after exploring other people's pages. How do I lay it out? What should I include? How do I make it sound appealing? How do I make my "Services" page about the reader rather than about me? After all, that is what social media is about.
Well, today was the day to write "Work with Glenda", or, at least, draft it. Some ideas had been bouncing around in my head for a few days. Getting those ideas out and on my blog would be a start. From there, the words and layout could be a massaged and perfected. Something would be better than nothing!
Besides, writing "Work with Glenda" today was more appealing than doing the quarterly GST (Goods & Sales Tax) or getting organized enough to begin tackling income tax (thank goodness we don't owe!).
But, rather sitting down and doing the task at hand, I frittered away the afternoon. I got in my own way of getting the job done! And now I am writing this post instead of writing what I ought to be.
At times I am my biggest barrier to getting stuff done. I get in my own way. I can only imagine how much I could get done if I just did it!
I wonder what causes us to get in our own way. If we could figure out that and deal with it, imagine the potential we could untap!
It sounds like writing the services page is "essential" work for you – something you've put off (for one reason or another) for 2.5 years! I sometimes find myself doing the same thing.
If I never put myself out there, I'll never risk failure – so not doing anything is pretty safe.
Why no, Glenda; that NEVER happens to me! (rolls eyes) Gee, if we could figure out a cure for this, we'd be gazillionaires!
Truthfully, the only way I've ever figured out how to motivate myself to do something, er, "less than fun" is to visualize the end state, y'know? Now THAT'S a fun thought! Sometimes ya just hafta step in the puddles to get across the street, y'know?
Some days it feels like getting in my own way is all I'm doing.
John, thanks for the link to Suzemuse's post. It's definitely food for thought and provides a good checklist for determining if I'm doing real or fake work.
Robert, very true. Tho playing in the puddles can be the "funnest" part, so much so that I forget where I was going!
Douglas, have you discovered any tricks for getting out of your way?
Off to take another stab at writing "Work for Glenda". My goal is to have something up by the day's end, even if it isn't perfect. You're welcome to hold me to that!
You are very welcome, Glenda!


Baton Rouge, Louisiana, April 2014—PreSonus® announces "Power-Up," a program that saves first-generation StudioLive™ digital mixer owners up to $1,200 when trading up to a new StudioLive AI-series Active Integration™ digital mixer. The offer starts on April 15 and ends on June 30, 2014.
Customers can save $500 for trading in a StudioLive 16.0.2, $800 for trading in a StudioLive 16.4.2, and $1,200 for trading in a StudioLive 24.4.2 when purchasing any StudioLive AI-series mixer.
To get the full trade-in discount, the old mixer must be in working condition and cosmetically acceptable. If not, PreSonus can repair the mixer, reducing the trade-in discount by the repair cost.


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TVLine Items: Costner in Yellowstone, New Major Crimes Regular and More
By Vlada Gelman / May 15 2017, 12:53 PM PDT
Kevin Costner is moving into Yellowstone.
The film actor will star in Paramount Network's sweeping family drama series, written and directed by Oscar nominee Taylor Sheridan (Hell or High Water, Sicario).
Costner — who previously graced the small screen in the History miniseries Hatfields & McCoys — will play John Dutton, who controls the largest contiguous ranch in the United States, an area constantly under attack by its neighbors: land developers, an Indian reservation and America's first national park.
Ready for more of today's newsy nuggets? Well…
* Jessica Meraz (Chasing Life) has joined Season 6 of Major Crimes in the series-regular role of Det. Camila Paige, whose personal relationship with Lt. Provenza predates her time on the force, our sister site Deadline reports. Meanwhile, Lourdes Benedicto (V) will recur as Sara Garza, a mother and wife trying to maintain her sanity in the face of kidnapping, murder and her husband's health problems.
* Shark Tank Season 9 will welcome the following "guest sharks" this fall: Real Housewives of New York star Bethenny Frankel, former New York Yankees baseball player Alex Rodriguez, Virgin Group founder Richard Branson, Spanx owner Sara Blakely, and Vitaminwater and Smartwater brand builder Rohan Oza.
* FX's Trust has cast British actor Harris Dickinson (Silent Witness) as J. Paul Getty III in the limited series about the Getty heir's kidnapping, per Deadline.
* Adam Goldberg (The Jim Gaffigan Show) and Spencer Grammer (Greek) will recur during Season 2 of Epix's original comedy Graves. Goldberg will portray Margaret Graves' new campaign manager as she runs for Senate, while Grammer is her communications director, cut from the cloth of Ann Coulter and Kellyanne Conway.
* Bravo has ordered the six-hour scripted event series All That Glitters, exploring the rivalry and friendship between magazine editors Anna Wintour and Tina Brown.
TAGS: Adam Goldberg, Bethenny Frankel, Graves, Jessica Meraz, Kevin Costner, Major Crimes, Shark Tank, Spencer Grammer, Trust, Yellowstone
GET MORE: Casting News, Series Orders, TVLine Items


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Xinghua () è una città-contea della Cina, situata nella provincia di Jiangsu e amministrata dalla prefettura di Taizhou.

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

Contee del Jiangsu

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Protecting the natural treasures of the Australian Alps
A report to the Natural Heritage Working Group of the Australian Alps Liaison Committee
Peter Coyne, May 2001
Protecting the natural treasures of the Australian Alps (PDF – 11.9 MB)
The Australian Alps are a treasure-trove of remarkable features, some of which occur only there the only marsupial species which stores food; an insect which changes colour to reflect or absorb heat as a way of regulating its body temperature; a beautiful, cliff-bound, lake created by the grinding action of a glacier. The catalogue is long and diverse, yet the great natural value of the Australian Alps is rarely fully recognised.
This report identifies more than one thousand significant natural features of the Australian Alps, and the threats to their continued survival, and assesses the priorities for resourcing for research and management. The recommendations are designed to improve the long-term security of precious national and international assets by encouraging collection of more and better information and by striving for the best possible management approaches right across the Australian Alps.
Also available in hardcopy from Tabletop Press rrp. $19.95. To order email – tabletoppress@bigpond.com
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Press Release - CRM and MPC January 2017
MEDIA PARTNERS ANNOUNCES AN EXCLUSIVE LICENSING AGREEMENT WITH CRM LEARNING LP
Agreement brings together the libraries of two market-leaders to address the growing corporate video training market
BELLEVUE, Washington, January 1, 2017 - Media Partners, a world leader in the production and distribution of video-based learning for business, today announced the signing of a worldwide exclusive license agreement for CRM Learning's entire content library and distribution. CRM is a highly respected and award-winning producer of high-quality business training materials, delivered in multiple digital formats and via online streaming to a variety of industries globally.
Enterprises across industries and geographies are increasing investment in workforce education to improve productivity and promote job satisfaction. According to the Association for Talent Development's 2016 State of the Industry report, on average, organizations increased spending to $1,252 per employee in 2015 on direct learning expenditures1. As employers align their training programs with a changing workforce, such as Millennials and Generation Z with different learning styles, access to top quality learning materials becomes more strategic and critical to their success.
"We are pleased to add CRM's diverse body of training products to our own library of high-quality business films," says John Hansen, CEO of Media Partners. "CRM has a strong portfolio of top-selling videos on trending business topics including diversity, ethics, business communications and workplace respect. This agreement significantly expands our client offerings and positions us as an even stronger asset to employers seeking solid business training solutions."
In addition to acquiring the rights to all of CRM Learning's assets, Media Partners also hired CRM's employees, adding key players to its Sales and Marketing teams. "We're excited to welcome CRM's team to the Media Partners family." says Tom Matthews, VP of Sales and Marketing for Media Partners. "When we considered their combined years of experience and vast knowledge of the training industry, along with a proven track record of exceptional customer service, the decision to bring each CRM team member onboard was an obvious one."
Lyndi Calder, formerly with CRM and now Marketing Manager with Media Partners, adds "as a long-time distributor of Media Partners' products, CRM Learning has always admired the Media Partners' team and their commitment to the creation of memorable, effective content. We are excited to become part of the organization and to help bring to fruition a variety of new productions and innovations for the learning industry."
This Agreement follows a significant investment by Wild Sky Ventures, led by John Hansen, in October 2016 and further supports Media Partners' growth strategy to expand its online delivery options, as well as release multiple new training programs in 2017.
About Media Partners
A leading producer and distributor of premium corporate training videos including the award winning "Give 'em the Pickle!" with Bob Farrell, and "The Practical Coach", Media Partners was founded in 1993 and is headquartered in Bellevue, Washington. Used by a wide range of industries, such as Government, Healthcare, Leisure & Hospitality, Education and Diversified Services, Media Partners programs cover diverse topics ranging from Leadership and Management to Harassment and Safety. Programs are available on DVD, USB or through Online Business Learning (OBL), their streaming subscription platform. Media Partners learning programs have been embraced by trainers in over 80 countries and used by industry leaders such as Boeing, FedEx, RE/MAX, Crate&Barrel, and American Express. To view our products and services, please visit www.media-partners.com
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It's that time of year again! The scent of pine in the air, the ringing of sleigh bells (as long as you've been well behaved) and the fluorescence of your neighbours decorations constantly reminding you to put up some fairy lights.
But when presents are all unwrapped, the table is set and Uncle Steve demands for the fifth time that someone get him a drink, what do you reach for?
Here are a few tips to make December 25th a glorious day.
You can't have Christmas without something fizzy at hand. Whether it's Prosecco to kick things off, a glass of Champagne with oysters or that distinctly Aussie drink, sparkling Shiraz, with the Christmas ham, it's almost obligatory to have a bottle of sparkling in the fridge.
Okay, not technically a wine. Well, not a wine at all. But it could almost fit into the category above, so we're keeping it ;) Either way we think it deserves its own section. For those times when the cricket is on, or perhaps you're sitting out on the deck. Keep it cold.
Crispness again is the key here – make sure you've got a bottle or two of dry Riesling in the fridge. There is literally nothing better to accompany prawns, King George Whiting, or for that matter, most any seafood you'll chowing down on. The acidity is the key, so make sure you've lemon or lime juice on hand.
A little overlooked these days, but another contender for the Most Suitable Wine for Seafood award. The lemon flavours and the faint grassiness of Semillon work wonders with squid and white-fleshed fish.
2017 certainly has been a year for rosé! Everywhere you look it's being poured, from the flashiest restaurants to the pub up the road. Any producer worth their salt has made one, and all the better for us drinking it! There's a wide range of styles out there, but I prefer the drier ones, with a bit of spice and texture. Perfect with Christmas Ham.
Maybe a little left-field, but I'm coming to believe that the savouriness and the grippy tannins of Sangiovese, combined with its red fruit and touch of herbaceousness, are the most versatile match for a range of red meats. This means whatever is on the table, there is a Sangiovese to be drunk!
The above being said, there are times when all that is really needed is a glass of Australian Shiraz. Lunch is over, the sun is slowly setting and you're settling into the couch….the comfort of the local iconic grape is hard to beat. After all, Christmas is about relaxing and being with the ones you love, right?
Now that you know the right wines to crack open this Christmas, it's time to pick the perfect last-minute gift for the wine-lovers in the family.
Check out all our gift options at our gifts page here!


talent talks w/ guest Mark Eddie (Music & Comedy) - talent network, inc.
Touring stand-up guitar comic Mark Eddie joins the show to discuss his experiences performing for large conventions and small corporate audiences. David and Mark talk about key tips for clients to produce a successful live show for their guests.
Listen to the podcast here below or via Apple iTunes, Apple Podcast, Google Play Music, tunein radio, or Soundcloud via the Pittsburgh Podcast Network channel.


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• Dom Flemons: Can You Blame The Colored Man?
• Kitchen Songs No 8 : Dom Flemons playing "San Francisco Baby"


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1947 A&P Ad... Is that guy in the center smoking?
I have to continue on my theme of A&P from yesterday because in my research I discovered some things about the company I didn't know before and well... it's a sad tale of how the depression gripping our nation right now is bringing companies to their knees. A&P stands for The Great Atlantic & Pacific Tea Company which was founded in 1859. The first stores opened up in 1912 by 1930 they were at their height with over 16,000 stores nationwide. By 1947, when this Ad appeared, the company was already in a a slow decline and by 1955 only operated 10,000 stores.
Throughout the late 20th century, the company slowly pulled out of certain states and in others revamped their operations under different names. In Maryland where I am from the revamped A&P became SuperFresh and while I knew of these stores when I lived their I didn't shop at them very often. The original A&P name was only retained on stores in the New York Metropolitan area. By 2011 the company threw in the towel due to deteriorating sales. The last 338 stores are slated to close before the end of the year while the company declares Chapter 13 Bankruptcy.
It is indeed a sad end to a great name in the grocer business. A&P innovated such things as discount pricing and weekly sales and it was said that they were Wal-Mart before Wal-Mart existed. It's a shame we have to lose them because the customer service you got at their stores could never be copied or exceeded by a corporate behemoth like Wal-Mart.
Fascinating! I shopped at A&P while growing up. We had a store in our town. The customer service was wonderful. I am sorry to read they are closing for good. You have a very interesting site and great photos. :) Thank you for your visit.


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American dream theme
An analysis of the story of vernon johns
Blanchard and peale method
The history of the trade between the europeans and native americas the columbia exchange
However, in the head gardener at the botanical garden of Aranjuez near Madrid, under the patronage of Philip II of Spainwrote, "it is said [tomatoes] are good for sauces".
This system goal was to become self-sufficient, not depending on other countries goods; it was like encouraging export and discouraging imports in which it could stop all the economy if every single country becomes a mercantilism.
Basically, almost everything available at that time were being traded overseas. The early Spanish explorers considered native people's use of tobacco to be proof of their savagery. Also joint-stock companies were established similar to the ones we have today.
For example, the emergence of private property in regions where there were little to no rights to lands, the concepts of monogamy and the nuclear family, the role of women and children in the family system, and the "superiority of free labor".
This chocolate drink—xocolatl—was part of ritual ceremonies like marriage. The Powhatan farmers in Virginia scattered their farm plots within larger cleared areas. Native Americans fought on both sides of the conflict. Money supply increased bringing inflation.
Slave holders in the New World relied upon the skills of enslaved Africans to further cultivate both species. One disease did travel the other direction—syphilis, a lethal sexually transmitted disease, came with travelers from the New World to Europe for the first time. European rivals raced to create sugar plantations in the Americas and fought wars for control of production.
Of all the New World plants introduced to Italy, only the potato took as long as the tomato to gain acceptance. It changed their lives by taking their freedom and by removing them from their homelands.
Native peoples also introduced Europeans to chocolate, made from cacao seeds and used by the Aztec in Mesoamerica as currency. Crops[ edit ] Portuguese trading animals in Japan; detail of Nanban panel — Several plants native to the Americas have spread around the world, including potatomaizetomatoand tobacco.
The tribes trained and used horses to ride and to carry packs or pull travois. There were infections in the New World before that were not present in the Old Chargas' disease, for instance. For these Europeans, they were seeking economic opportunities, therefore, land and resources were important for the success of the mission.
Europe and the American Moral Imagination [67] After the formation of the United States[ edit ] The United States was eager to expand, to develop farming and settlements in new areas, and to satisfy land hunger of settlers from New England and new immigrants. This global trade of crops changed the way of life of Americas, Europe, Africa, and Asia.
What was the best commodity introduced to the New World by the Columbian Exchange? Although most members of the Iroquois tribes went to Canada with the Loyalists, others tried to stay in New York and western territories to maintain their lands. Their settlements and social groups were impermanent, and communal leadership what little there was was informal.
During the last three decades of the 20th century, scholars of ethnohistory, of the "new Indian history," and of Native American studies forcefully demonstrated that to understand American history and the American experience, one must include American Indians.
In general, the peoples of the Subarctic did not form large permanent settlements; instead, small family groups stuck together as they traipsed after herds of caribou. This information is listed by the recorder. Census Bureau, there are about 4. To some, its use meant achieving an entranced, altered, or divine state.
Measles caused many deaths. Native American culture began to have an influence on European thought in this period. The Columbian exchange was the global transfer of goods, animals, and plants during the colonization of the Americas.
Explorers went back to Europe with maize, potatoes and tomatoes. It has been suggested that their culture contributed to political thinking during the development of the later United States government.
Tobacco was one of the luxury goods which was spread as a direct result of the Columbian exchange.Because both had items the other needed or desired. Which is the fundamental reason why any two groups of people trade with each other. The Europeans primarily desired furs, precious metals and land, while the Native Americans desired beads, cloth, metal items and most importantly guns.
history of world ecology, agriculture, and culture Term used to describe the Impact on Native Americans Colonization brought the spread of disease Europeans brought measles, mumps, native workforce Europeans turned to Africa for slaves African Losses African slave trade devastated.
2)The exchange of plants, animals, and ideas between the New World (Americas) and the Old World (Europe). What caused the Columbian Exchange? Explorers spread and collected new plants, animals, and ideas around the globe as they traveled.
Further reading indicates the Native Americans provided a great deal of ready to eat food (corn, beans, squash, pumpkins, dried meat and fish, acorns, berries, etc.) as they were better farmers than the Europeans up until 20th Century yields.
One further notorious clash between Native Americans and settlers in the colonial period occurred on February 29,during a time when many tribes had sided with the French in the fight between French and English over the domination of northern New England.
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Air Suspension Systems Market : Growth Dynamics: By Key Vendors TMC Australia Pty. Ltd., Guangzhou TND Axle Co., Ltd., Meritor, Inc.
Future Market Insights has announced the addition of the "Air Suspension Systems Market: Enhancements in Comfort Features and Ride Quality of HCVs to Drive Revenue Growth in the Coming Decade: Global Industry Analysis 2013 - 2017 and Opportunity Assessment 2018 - 2028" report to their offering
Valley Cottage, NY -- (SBWIRE) -- 07/11/2019 -- Air suspension systems are extensively used in heavy duty vehicles where they utilize pressure from compressed air for the vehicle's braking system. As a result, the global air suspension systems market is expected to witness significant growth in 2018, reaching a market value of US$ 4,613.3 Mn at a Y-o-Y growth rate of 6.0% as compared to 2017. Furthermore, the global demand for air suspension systems will also be influenced by the rising trend to use air suspension systems in various commercial vehicles across the globe.
Air Suspension Systems Market: Dynamics
In the recent past, China initiated the production of electric buses against the backdrop of government initiatives for greener means of public transport. Importantly, OEMs involved in bus manufacturing are equipping their buses with air suspensions, thereby proliferating the demand for air suspension systems in the OEM segment. Moreover, heavy trucks and trailers find a wide range of applications in construction, logistic and e-commerce industries, where they are used to make tasks, such as transportation of machinery, equipment, goods and raw materials, easier.
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The growing e-commerce industry output is expected to be one of the most significant drivers for the sale of commercial vehicles and will, in turn, fuel the growth of the air suspension systems market. Growing urbanization has resulted in new construction activities, which is expected to further boost the demand for trailers in buildings and construction tasks. However, the prevalence of leaf springs as vehicle suspension will affect the air suspension systems market, especially the aftermarket.
Air Suspension Systems Market: Segmental Analysis
Based on the vehicle type, the air suspension systems market can be segmented into trailers, heavy trucks and buses & coaches. Importantly, heavy trucks will continue their dominance in terms of the global volume share and are expected to account for approximately a 48.9% share by the end of 2028. Based on sales channel, the OEM segment of the air suspension systems market is expected to remain dominant and account for US$ 7,665.8 Mn in terms of revenue by 2028 end.
However, the demand for air suspension systems from the aftermarket segment is expected to grow at a CAGR of 6.8%, with component sales at the forefront. In 2017, Western Europe was the most attractive region for the growth of the global air suspension systems market and will likely hold more than 32.8% of the global market share. Further, the increase in road regulations in the U.S. and Western Europe countries will drive the demand for air suspension systems. In order to enhance the productivity of commercial vehicles and improve fuel economy, the adoption of air suspension systems has become inevitable.
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Air Suspension Systems Market: Key Players
The increasing need for air suspension systems has influenced prominent manufacturers to expand their business through international distributors and partnerships with suppliers and aftermarket players. SAF-Holland S.A., Hendrickson USA LLC, BPW Transpec Pty Ltd., TMC Australia Pty. Ltd., Guangzhou TND Axle Co. Ltd., Meritor Inc., Wabco Holdings and VDL Weweler-Colaert are some of the key players in the global air suspension systems market. In the report, component manufacturers are also profiled.
Abhishek Budoliya
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text:
Early detection of psychosocial problems in children aged 5 to 6 years by preventive child healthcare: Has it improved?
Theunissen, M.H.C.
Vogels, A.G.C.
Reijneveld, S.A.
Objective: To assess whether the quality of identification of psychosocial problems by preventive child healthcare professionals (CHPs) in children aged 5-6 years has improved after a series of nationwide interventions. Study design: We analyzed data about 8440 children aged 5-6 years who were assessed during routine well-child visits by CHPs (response rates, 85%-90%). Of these children, 4339 were assessed before the interventions. Parents completed the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and CHPs reported on psychosocial problems that they identified in children. The agreement between identification of psychosocial problems by CHPs and parent-reported problems on the CBCL were assessed before and after the nationwide interventions. Results: CHPs identified psychosocial problems in 22%-28% of all children. Identification of psychosocial problems by CHPs was much more likely in children with an elevated CBCL total problems score than in others (OR: 4.65, 95% CI: 3.28-6.58). The quality of identification by CHPs did not improve after the interventions, the OR for improvement was 0.81 (95% CI: 0.57-1.15). Conclusions: The quality of problem identification by CHPs has not improved. CHPs still miss many cases with parent-reported problems on the CBCL. Additional efforts are needed to improve early identification of psychosocial problems. © Copyright 2012 Mosby Inc. All rights reserved.
CH - Child Health
BSS - Behavioural and Societal Sciences
Healthy for Life
To reference this document use:
http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:57d29edc-b445-4a67-ad35-b08d486786f7
TNO identifier
Journal of Pediatrics, 160 (3), 500-504
To receive the publication files, please send an e-mail request to TNO Library.


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Finding myself astonished @ this...Heritage Day! Wow...Being young and recently found myself so intrigued by the evolution of fashion itself. The shift to Africa has started and I've been about catching vibrant prints that have inspired the africanvirgin in me, falling inlove with my roots, being an african woman.
Yes, Lots have drawn on international trends for the 'what to wear' 'how to wear' 'when to wear'...think about it, "there's so many ways of wearing a 'Duku' (a cloth worn by women around their head, mostly to show respect), which is one of the most fascinating part of not only my clan The Zulus' but of so many others.
Finding myself astonished @ this...Heritage Day! Wow...Being young and recently found myself so intrigued by the evolution of fashion itslef. The shift to Africa has started and I've been about catching vibrant prints that have inspired the africanvirgin in me, falling inlove with my roots, being an african woman.
You raised a good issue here one that disturbed me from the day of its inception, the Braai Day thing is such a distraction, who ever came up with the idea really killed the soul of heritage.
A part of me sometimes believes that it was deliberate act of killing Heritage Day (I like conspiracy theories... lol).
I didn't think it would catch on but it did. I guess its up to us to remind every one what Heritage day is all about.
I guess this competition is a good start.
** What I have personally observed is that the most successful nations are the ones that are in touch with their Heritage.
Growing up Ive never had any understanding of what Heritage Day is, or all about. Being born on the 23rd of September I always saw it as "The Government respecting my birthday to make the next day a public holiday" naive and dumb if you ask me. But over the years Ive went to the extent of finding out about this holiday that makes celebrating my birthday oh-so great.
Heritage day to me means celebrating the diverse cultural heritage that makes up our country a "rainbow nation". In this case the rainbow does not only refer to the different races we find in our country, it also refers to the rich bright colours that are used by the Ndebele's when decorating their homes, the red ochre that is used by AmaXhosa to colour their faces, the gold bangles that are used by Indians when wearing their Sari's, the colourful patterns you find on Tsonga womens' skirts. It is the day to celebrate the contribution of all South Africans to the building of this country.
And Ive been particularly happy with the way the fashion industry has "borrowed" from all the cultures from the Leopard print vest's which are still very much a trend among Zulu's to the colours that brighten up Ndebele homes.The prints that have been used for decades to convey messages are now interpreted to add playfulness and colour to solid items, the Ndebele abstract prints are a perfect example. The Tsongas and Zulus have been wearing and making statement necklaces, they have not just come up as a trend now. It goes to show how rich and creative all South Africans are, from just looking at the simple things in our culture and heritage.
Colour is something we South Africans love, you often hear us referring to a Sunday lunch as 7 colours.And as such Heritage day draws nigh and my plans to celebrate my birthday are underway, I will sit back and smile, taking in the beauty and wonder that is our country with a clear and full understanding of our Heritage.
My fashion heritage is simply a celebration of the diverse cultural influences that have led to me being the woman I am today.
I love colorful Zulu beads that always add some excitement and texture to any outfit or garment as either an accessory or detail. They always remind me of my gogo and childhood in Zululand.
I was very lucky to attend an international school where I made lots of East& Western African friends. These people really had a fundamental impact on my view of fashion, heritage and our continent. They helped me fall in love with our own prints, exposed me to silhouettes outside of stock standard western shapes and I'm proud to say I owned a peplum top way back in 2002 already!
So needless to say this all left me with a much greater appreciation for the bold, bursting prints of our continent and how we've weaved our heritage into our prints and fabrics.
My favourite local designer has to be Anisa from L.C.A. She always strikes the balance between colour, sophistication and femininity throughout her pieces.
Should I win this voucher it's going straight to an L.C.A. item to help me pucker up until pay day!
ps. Let's not get me started on African food coz we all know we'll be here till next year!
I do not have much to say. Heritage Day for me and so many of my friends is not only a reminder of the elements and the quirky (I should stop using that word!) and the not so quirky elements that are an intrinsic in our very nature. I don't believe it is about being Zulu, Sotho or Xhosa at all! Patterns such as the Bushongo from the Congo, resonate with me because my uncle, grandmother or my mother surrounds herself with these artifacts making me, a part of that world. From my ride from UCT in a taxi, through Mowbray, the freshly braided girls coming out of the THOUSAND hair salons, through Observatory, the rastafarian chicks, barefoot laughing away in green, red, yellow and black floor length skirts, all the way to Cpt taxi rank where colourful prints are the order of the day! when I look at models like Alek wek and Iman I find that your Africaness can definitely shine through even the most western of designs! That is my heritage day!
As an Afrikaans person in South Africa, my heritage is one of adaptation and invention. My forefathers came to this country and created their own culture, language and art, and also had to adapt or die... As the old saying goes "'n boer maak 'n plan". Although my ancestors played some ugly roles in the history of this country, I'm proud of being one of the very white (I'm a redhead, so I don't even tan) bits in this stew. I think my true heritage is a fighting spirit, delicious and inventive cuisine and poetry and music in a language that first came about with people trying to understand one another better.
Great post and I love the outfit and accessories in this picture. As 36Boutiques doesn't ship internationally, I will sadly not participate in this competition.


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