text:
UNITED STATES v. REAL ESTATE BOARDS
UNITED STATES v. REAL ESTATE BOARDS(1950)
Argued: March 31, 1950Decided: May 8, 1950
1. That no interstate commerce is involved is not a barrier to a suit to enjoin violations of 3 of the Sherman Act involving purely local conduct in the District of Columbia, since Congress specifically made 3 applicable to such conduct and had power to do so under Art. I, 8, Clause 17 of the Constitution. Atlantic Cleaners & Dyers v. United States, 286 U.S. 427 . P. 488.
2. If the business of a real estate broker is "trade" within the meaning of 3 of the Sherman Act, evidence that the Washington Real Estate Board had adopted standard rates of commissions for its members, that its code of ethics required members to maintain such standard rates, that members agreed to abide by the code, and that the prescribed rates were used in the great majority of transactions, although the Board had invoked no sanctions for departure therefrom, is sufficient to show a price-fixing scheme violative of 3. Pp. 488-489.
(a) That such price-fixing may serve a worthy or honorable end is immaterial. P. 489.
(b) That no penalties were imposed for deviations from the price schedules is immaterial. P. 489.
3. The business of a real estate broker is "trade" within the meaning of 3 of the Sherman Act. Pp. 489-492.
(a) The services of real estate brokers cannot be assimilated to those of employees, nor can the present case be compared to those involving the application of the antitrust laws to labor unions - notwithstanding 6 of the Clayton Act declaring that "the labor of a human being is not a commodity or article of commerce" and exempting labor unions and their members from the antitrust laws. Pp. 489-490.
(b) The fact that the business of a real estate broker involves the sale of personal services rather than commodities does not take it out of the category of "trade" within the meaning of 3 of the Sherman Act, which is aimed at the fixing of prices and [339 U.S. 485, 486] other unreasonable restraints in the case of services as well as goods. Pp. 490-491.
(c) The activity of a real estate broker is commercial and carried on for profit; and the competitive standards which the Sherman Act sought to preserve in the field of trade and commerce are as relevant to the brokerage business as to other branches of commercial activity. P. 492.
4. That appellees were acquitted in a criminal prosecution for conspiracy to violate 3 of the Sherman Act is no bar to this civil suit to enjoin the same conspiracy, since the doctrine of res judicata is not applicable. Helvering v. Mitchell, 303 U.S. 391 . Pp. 492-494.
5. The finding of the District Court that the National Association of Real Estate Boards and its executive vice president did not in fact conspire with the Washington Board to fix and prescribe the rates of commission to be charged by members of the latter is sustained, since it was not "clearly erroneous" within the meaning of Rule 52 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. Pp. 494-496.
84 F. Supp. 802, affirmed in part and reversed in part.
In a civil suit in a federal district court to enjoin a conspiracy to fix rates of commissions of real estate brokers in the District of Columbia in violation of 3 of the Sherman Act, judgment was entered for defendants. 84 F. Supp. 802. On appeal to this Court, affirmed in part and reversed in part, p. 496.
The Assistant to the Attorney General Ford and Victor H. Kramer argued the cause for the United States. With them on the brief were Solicitor General Perlman, Assistant Attorney General Bergson, Herbert N. Maletz and J. Roger Wollenberg.
Roger J. Whiteford argued the cause for the National Association of Real Estate Boards et al., appellees. With him on the brief was John J. Wilson.
William E. Leahy argued the cause for the Washington Real Estate Board et al., appellees. With him on the brief was William J. Hughes, Jr. [339 U.S. 485, 487]
MR. JUSTICE DOUGLAS delivered the opinion of the Court.
This is a civil action brought by the United States to enjoin appellees 1 from engaging in a price-fixing conspiracy in violation of 3 of the Sherman Act, 26 Stat. 209, 15 U.S.C. 3. 2 The core of the case is the charge that the members of the Washington Real Estate Board combined and conspired to fix the commission rates for their services when acting as brokers in the sale, exchange, lease and management of real property in the District of Columbia.
The same conspiracy was charged in a criminal proceeding. 3 The criminal case was tried first. At the end of the Government's case the court granted the defendants' motion for a judgment of acquittal. 80 F. Supp. 350. Appellees then moved for summary judgment in this civil suit, contending that the judgment of acquittal in the criminal case is res judicata here. That motion was denied. 4 [339 U.S. 485, 488]
The civil case was then tried. It was stipulated that the trial would be on the record in the criminal case, the United States reserving the right to offer additional exhibits. No evidence was offered by appellees. The court entered judgment for the appellees, holding that the agreement to fix the rates of brokerage commissions, which had been shown, was not a violation of the Act. 84 F. Supp. 802. The case is here on appeal. 32 Stat. 823, 62 Stat. 989, 15 U.S.C. 29.
First. The fact that no interstate commerce is involved is not a barrier to this suit. Section 3 of the Sherman Act 5 is not leveled at interstate activities alone. It also puts beyond the pale certain conduct purely local in character and confined to the District of Columbia. That Congress has the power so to legislate for the District by virtue of Art. I, 8, Clause 17 of the Constitution and did so by 3 was settled by Atlantic Cleaners & Dyers v. United States, 286 U.S. 427, 432 -435.
Second. The Washington Board has adopted standard rates of commissions for its members - charges which cover the wide range of services furnished by a real estate agent. The Board's code of ethics provides that "Brokers should maintain the standard rates of commission adopted by the board and no business should be solicited at lower rates." Members agree to abide by this code. The prescribed rates are used in the great majority of transactions, although in exceptional situations a lower charge is made. But departure from the prescribed rates has not caused the Washington Board to invoke any sanctions. Hence the District Court called the rate schedules "non-mandatory."
Enough has been said to show that under our decisions an illegal price-fixing scheme has been proved, unless the [339 U.S. 485, 489] fixing of real estate commissions is not included in the prohibitions of 3 of the Act. Price-fixing is per se an unreasonable restraint of trade. It is not for the courts to determine whether in particular settings price-fixing serves an honorable or worthy end. An agreement, shown either by adherence to a price schedule or by proof of consensual action fixing the uniform or minimum price, is itself illegal under the Sherman Act, no matter what end it was designed to serve. That is the teaching of an unbroken line of decisions. See United States v. Socony-Vacuum Oil Co., 310 U.S. 150, 218 et seq.; United States v. Paramount Pictures, 334 U.S. 131, 142 , 143. And the fact that no penalties are imposed for deviations from the price schedules is not material. See Eastern States Lumber Assn. v. United States, 234 U.S. 600, 608 -609; American Column Co. v. United States, 257 U.S. 377, 411 ; Federal Trade Commission v. Pacific Paper Assn., 273 U.S. 52, 62 . Subtle influences may be just as effective as the threat or use of formal sanctions to hold people in line.
Third. The critical question is whether the business of a real estate agent is included in the word "trade" within the meaning of 3 of the Act. The District Court thought not. It was of the view that where personal services are involved, a combination to fix the price or compensation is legal. It seemingly was influenced by the declaration in 6 of the Clayton Act, 38 Stat. 731, 15 U.S.C. 17, that "the labor of a human being is not a commodity or article of commerce . . . nor shall such [labor] organizations, or the members thereof, be held or construed to be illegal combinations or conspiracies in restraint of trade, under the antitrust laws." But we think it a misconception to assimilate the services involved here to those of employees or to compare the present case to those involving the application of the [339 U.S. 485, 490] antitrust laws to labor unions. Cf. Apex Hosiery Co. v. Leader, 310 U.S. 469 ; United States v. Hutcheson, 312 U.S. 219 . We do not have here any more than we did in American Medical Assn. v. United States, 317 U.S. 519 , or United States v. Women's Sportswear Mfrs. Assn., 336 U.S. 460 , cf. Columbia River Packers Assn. v. Hinton, 315 U.S. 143 , an aspect of the employee-employer relationship to which the antitrust laws have made special concessions.
Members of the Washington Board are entrepreneurs. Some are individual proprietors; others are banks or corporations. Some may have no employees; others have large staffs. But each is in business on his own. The fact that the business involves the sale of personal services rather than commodities does not take it out of the category of "trade" within the meaning of 3 of the Act. The Act was aimed at combinations organized and directed to control of the market by suppression of competition "in the marketing of goods and services." See Apex Hosiery Co. v. Leader, supra, p. 493.
Justice Story in The Nymph, 18 Fed. Cas. 506, while construing the word "trade" in the Coasting and Fishery Act of 1793, 1 Stat. 305, said,
"The argument for the claimant insists, that `trade' is here used in its most restrictive sense, and as equivalent to traffic in goods, or buying and selling in commerce or exchange. But I am clearly of opinion, that such is not the true sense of the word, as used in the 32d section. In the first place, the word `trade' is often, and indeed generally, used in a broader sense, as equivalent to occupation, employment, or business, whether manual or mercantile. Wherever any occupation, employment, or business is carried on for the purpose of profit, or gain, or a livelihood, not in the liberal arts or in the learned professions, [339 U.S. 485, 491] it is constantly called a trade. Thus, we constantly speak of the art, mystery, or trade of a housewright, a shipwright, a tailor, a blacksmith, and a shoemaker, though some of these may be, and sometimes are, carried on without buying or selling goods."
It is in that broad sense that "trade" is used in the Sherman Act. That has been the consistent holding of the decisions. The fixing of prices and other unreasonable restraints have been consistently condemned in case of services as well as goods. Transportation services (United States v. Freight Assn., 166 U.S. 290, 312 ; United States v. Joint Traffic Assn., 171 U.S. 505 ), cleaning, dyeing, and renovating wearing apparel (Atlantic Cleaners & Dyers v. United States, 286 U.S. 427 ), the procurement of medical and hospital services (American Medical Assn. v. United States, supra, 528), the furnishing of news or advertising services (Farmer's Guide Co. v. Prairie Co., 293 U.S. 268 ; Associated Press v. United States, 326 U.S. 1 ) - these indicate the range of business activities that have been held to be covered by the Act. In Atlantic Cleaners & Dyers v. United States, supra, 435, 437, the Court rejected the view that "trade" as used in 3 should be interpreted in the narrow sense which would exclude personal services. It held, speaking through Mr. Justice Sutherland, that 3 used the word in the broad sense in which Justice Story used it in The Nymph, supra. Chief Justice Groner made an extended analysis and summary of the problem in United States v. American Medical Assn., 72 App. D.C. 12, 16-20, 110 F.2d 703, 707-711, where the Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia held that the practice of medicine in the District was a "trade" within the meaning of 3 of the Act. Its conclusion was that the term included "all occupations in which men are engaged for a livelihood." We do [339 U.S. 485, 492] not intimate an opinion on the correctness of the application of the term to the professions. We have said enough to indicate we would be contracting the scope of the concept of "trade," as used in the phrase "restraint of trade," in a precedent-breaking manner if we carved out an exemption for real estate brokers. Their activity is commercial and carried on for profit. The fact that no goods are manufactured or bought or sold in the process is as irrelevant here as it was in Atlantic Cleaners & Dyers v. United States, supra. No reason of policy has been advanced for reading 3 of the Act less literally than its terms suggest. The competitive standards which the Act sought to preserve in the field of trade and commerce seem as relevant to the brokerage business as to other branches of commercial activity.
Hopkins v. United States, 171 U.S. 578 , and Anderson v. United States, 171 U.S. 604 , are not opposed to this conclusion. It was held in those cases that commission merchants and yard traders on livestock exchanges were not engaged in interstate commerce even though the livestock moved across state lines (cf. Stafford v. Wallace, 258 U.S. 495 ), and therefore that the rules and agreements between the merchants and traders (which included in the Hopkins case the fixing of minimum fees) did not fall under the ban of the Sherman Act. But we are not confronted with that problem here. As noted, we are concerned here not with interstate commerce but with trade or commerce in the District of Columbia.
Fourth. Appellees claim that the judgment of acquittal in the criminal action is res judicata in this action. Helvering v. Mitchell, 303 U.S. 391 , is contra and rules this case. There Mitchell had been tried and acquitted of a criminal charge of wilfully attempting to evade payment of his income tax. Thereafter suit was brought to [339 U.S. 485, 493] collect the taxes owed plus a 50 per cent penalty for fraudulent evasion. The acquittal in the criminal case was held not to be a bar to the collection of the penalty. 6 "The difference in degree of the burden of proof in criminal and civil cases" was held to preclude application of the doctrine of res judicata in the civil suit. 303 U.S. 397 . In the present case the motions for judgment of acquittal raised the question whether the evidence overcame all reasonable doubt of the guilt of appellees. 7 The ruling on them did not determine whether by the lesser degree of proof required in a civil case appellees might be found to have conspired to fix commissions. The civil action is independent of the criminal cause (Standard Sanitary Mfg. Co. v. United States, 226 U.S. 20, 52 ) and is remedial in nature. It has been repeatedly held that though the civil suit is bottomed on the same facts, it is [339 U.S. 485, 494] not barred by the prior judgment of acquittal in the criminal case. See Stone v. United States, 167 U.S. 178 ; Murphy v. United States, 272 U.S. 630 ; Helvering v. Mitchell, supra. The result is not altered by the circumstance that the court in ruling on the sufficiency of the evidence may have started with an erroneous construction of the law.
Fifth. The District Court found that two of the appellees - National Association and Herbert U. Nelson 8 - did not conspire with the Washington Board to fix and prescribe the rates of commission to be charged by the members of the latter. No more particularized findings were made. Appellant asks us to set aside that ruling. The question is whether we may do so in light of Rule 52 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure which provides in part:
"Findings of fact shall not be set aside unless clearly erroneous, and due regard shall be given to the opportunity of the trial court to judge of the credibility of the witnesses."
The National Association is a nationwide, incorporated trade association of which the Washington Board is a member. Active members of the Washington Board are also members of the National Association. The National Association has a code of ethics which includes an article stating that "the schedules of fees established by the various Real Estate Boards are believed to represent fair compensation for services rendered in their communities and should be observed by every Realtor." It is provided in the by-laws of the National Association (1) that each member board shall adopt the code of ethics of the National Association as a part of its rules and regulations for violation of which disciplinary action may [339 U.S. 485, 495] be taken, and (2) that any member board that neglects or refuses to maintain and enforce the code of ethics with respect to the activities of its constituent members may be expelled from membership in the National Association. The appellant also points to evidence showing the activities of the National Association in developing a national schedule of commissions which, it is alleged, were influential in shaping the fees adopted by the Washington Board in 1944.
Appellant relies chiefly on the code of ethics and by-laws of the National Association, as it clearly may (Associated Press v. United States, supra, pp. 8, 12), to establish the restraint of trade. But we cannot say that the District Court was "clearly erroneous" in finding that the National Association and Nelson were not laced into the conspiracy to fix the commissions in the District of Columbia. The statement in the code of ethics that the schedule of fees "should be observed" is somewhat ambiguous. It may be advisory only. The provision of the by-laws that violations of the code of ethics of the National Association should be the basis of disciplinary action against both member boards and their constituent members is aimed at thirty-five articles of the code of ethics, not selectively at the fee provision. So we are left somewhat in doubt as to the extent if any to which the National Association and Nelson were architects of the fee-fixing conspiracy or participants in it. At best their relationship to it is, on this record, a somewhat attenuated one.
It is not enough that we might give the facts another construction, resolve the ambiguities differently, and find a more sinister cast to actions which the District Court apparently deemed innocent. See United States v. Yellow Cab Co., 338 U.S. 338, 342 ; United States v. Gypsum Co., 333 U.S. 364, 394 -395. We are not given those [339 U.S. 485, 496] choices, because our mandate is not to set aside findings of fact "unless clearly erroneous."
The judgment of the District Court is reversed except as to the National Association and Nelson; and as to them it is affirmed.
So ordered.
MR. JUSTICE FRANKFURTER and MR. JUSTICE CLARK took no part in the consideration or decision of this case.
[ Footnote 1 ] National Association of Real Estate Boards, a nation-wide incorporated trade association; Herbert U. Nelson, its executive vice-president; Washington Real Estate Board, an incorporated association of real estate brokers in Washington, D.C.; and 15 of its members individually and as representatives of a class consisting of all members of the Washington Board.
[ Footnote 2 ] "Every contract, combination in form of trust or otherwise, or conspiracy, in restraint of trade or commerce in any Territory of the United States or of the District of Columbia, or in restraint of trade or commerce between any such Territory and another, or between any such Territory or Territories and any State or States or the District of Columbia, or with foreign nations, or between the District of Columbia and any State or States or foreign nations, is declared illegal."
[ Footnote 3 ] The indictment was returned against the Washington Real Estate Board and the National Association of Real Estate Boards.
[ Footnote 4 ] An appeal from that order was dismissed. 85 U.S. App. D.C. 165, 176 F.2d 631.
[ Footnote 5 ] See note 2, supra.
[ Footnote 6 ] Since the Court ruled that the 50 per cent penalty was not a criminal penalty but a civil administrative sanction ( 303 U.S. 398 -406), the case was considered distinct from Coffey v. United States, 116 U.S. 436 , which held that the facts ascertained in a criminal case as between the United States and the claimant could not be again litigated between them in a civil suit which was punitive in character. The fact that in case of corporations dissolution can result from a civil suit under the antitrust laws does not make the proceeding any the less remedial. The civil suit aims to put an end to the restraint, not to impose punishment for past acts. See Schine Theatres v. United States, 334 U.S. 110, 128 .
[ Footnote 7 ] The motions apparently were made under Rule 29 of the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure which provides in part: "MOTION FOR JUDGMENT OF ACQUITTAL. Motions for directed verdict are abolished and motions for judgment of acquittal shall be used in their place. The court on motion of a defendant or of its own motion shall order the entry of judgment of acquittal of one or more offenses charged in the indictment or information after the evidence on either side is closed if the evidence is insufficient to sustain a conviction of such offense or offenses."
MR. JUSTICE JACKSON, dissenting.
If real estate brokerage is to be distinguished from the professions or from other labor that is permitted to organize, the Court does not impart any standards for so doing.
It is certain that those rendering many kinds of service are allowed to combine and fix uniform rates of pay and conditions of service. This is true of all laborers, who may do so within or without unions and whose unions frequently do include owners of establishments that employ others, such as automobile sales agencies. See, for example, International Brotherhood of Teamsters, etc. v. Hanke, ante, p. 470. I suppose this immunity is not confined to those whose labor is manual, and is not lost because the labor performed is professional. The brokerage which is swept under the antitrust laws by this decision is perhaps a borderline activity. However, the broker furnishes no goods and performs only personal services. Capital assets play no greater part in his service than in that of the lawyer, doctor or office worker. Services of the real estate broker, if not strictly fiduciary, are at least those of a trusted agent and, oftentimes, advisory as to values and procedures. I am not persuaded that fixing uniform fees for the broker's labor is more offensive to the antitrust laws than fixing uniform fees for the labor of a lawyer, a doctor, a carpenter, or a plumber. I would affirm the decision of the court below. [339 U.S. 485, 497]


This article will discuss about Japanese English vocabulary by Anindyatrans a Japanese English Translator. The first thing that probably appeared inside the head of someone who is learning this article of Japanese English vocabulary is what kind of method that he should apply so he can improve his unlimited Japanese English vocabularies? Furthermore, this article it's going to be tough because Japanese English vocabulary has special letters that quite different with his first language, such as Japanese English vocabulary, it will add more questions that has possibility to appear in the future. Will he able to get the competency to write and memorize those letters' shape and practice in order to understand how its work? It's different with someone that decided only to learn foreign language orally, memorizing those new letters probably turned out to be not their first priority. This article will assist to learn about Japanese English vocabulary by listening to conversation and reading simple text every day. This article suggest to listening to music or sometimes short conversation will improve listening capability and makes him accustomed with each words intonation that he could only get from them and not from printed media. This article suggest to read simple text and puts some underlines in some parts could be a got study supplement, of course using dictionary as tool is a good idea.
This article encourage those learners are already mastering and understand how to use Japanese English vocabulary well but still haven't tried an orally one, it is the time to try to learn how to do it. Writer of this article use social media and another media are growing rapidly these days and creating a good possibility to get one or more friends from the country that has Sakura flower for its specialty. Short and easy for a nice start chat could influence how that communication process in the future, which gradually will develop by the time. Of course Japanese vocabulary will grow as well, so does addition concerning daily words, culture, and newest information about their country. The limitless method to improving Japanese English vocabulary will facilitate each language learners to develop their ability. Memorizes and get used to it are great combination that amateur Japanese English vocabulary learners should try by reading this article.


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Фортуна национальная лига 2018/19 — 26-й сезон первенства Второй лиги. В турнире, который начался 20 июля 2018 и закончился 25 мая 2019 года принимали участие 16 клубов.

Клубы-участники

Турнирная таблица

Результаты матчей

Пояснения к таблице

Переходные матчи
Команды, занявшие 2-е и 3-е места в чемпионате, в двухматчевом противостоянии с командами, занявшими 14-е и 15-е места в Первой лиге определяют, кто выйдет в Первую лигу, а кто останется в ФНЛ.

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Ссылки
 Официальный сайт ФНЛ

2018/2019
Спорт в Чехии в 2018 году
Спорт в Чехии в 2019 году
Европейские национальные футбольные чемпионаты в сезоне 2018/2019

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Emanuel Cleaver
Missouri · US House · 5th District · Democrat
https://cleaver.house.gov
Cardiovascular Advances in Research and Opportunities Legacy Act
Family Violence Prevention and Services Improvement Act of 2021
EQUAL Act of 2021
Women's Health Protection Act of 2021
Puppies Assisting Wounded Servicemembers for Veterans Therapy Act
Harlem Hellfighters Congressional Gold Medal Act
John R. Lewis Voting Rights Advancement Act of 2021
Security Screening During COVID-19 Act
To direct the Joint Committee on the Library to replace the bust of Roger Brooke Taney in the Old Supreme Court Chamber of the United States Capitol with a bust of Thurgood Marshall to be obtained by the Joint Committee on the Library and to remove certain statues from areas of the United States Capitol which are accessible to the public, to remove all statues of individuals who voluntarily served the Confederate States of America from display in the United States Capitol, and for other purposes.
No Legislative Subjects are available for Emanuel Cleaver. Website data goes back to January 3, 2017, the start of the 115th Congress.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


On our trip to Japan in 2010, we visited Togakushi with my dad's family and friends. The region is known for their soba, so on the last day we went to a soba making class at a restaurant. We were divided into 3 groups and proceeded with the process of vigorous kneading and rolling. I was surprised at this process since most techniques warn against overworking the dough. Once we got it to the right thickness, we were handed sharp, heavy cleavers to cut our dough into thin noodles. Those noodles headed straight to a vat of boiling water, cooled, and served to us. We slurped them right up and I discovered a new appreciation for it. We went around trying each others soba and were surprised at the differences. Even with the same ingredients and process, our technique was varied enough that we could taste it.
I've had a few soba noodle salads in my day and I haven't come across one I really liked, mostly because I love the nuttiness of soba, and often it's overwhelmed by strong vinegary flavors. A recipe from 101 Cookbooks caught my eye because I love black sesame and the combination with soba looked dramatic. I had a feeling I would like this one, so I had to try it. It was far better than anything I've had in the past! I made my own additions and took out some ingredients, making it a little easier to assemble.
Also, if you're interested in soba as much as I am, check out Emma's post on Shinshu soba at Shichimi. All those different soba noodles look so tasty!
I've used a variety of soba brands. The more expensive ones did taste better and have a better texture, but I found that moderately priced brands did just fine. This is best served and eaten right away. I like my noodles a bit firm, so if the soba sits around too long it soaks up the sauce and becomes soft. Also, this can be made vegetarian with the omission of satsuma age.
Toast sesame seeds in a 10″ skillet over high heat until fragrant, tossing constantly. Keep a close eye when doing this because once the sesame is burned, it's no good. I test whether it's done by touching the seeds and if they're hot to the touch, I know they're done. Place in a Japanese mortar and grind well. Alternatively, Heidi says you can use a food processor (I haven't tried this). Add the sugar, shoyu, vinegar, and sesame oil and mix well.
Boil a small pot of water for the satsuma age (if using). The age is already cooked, but you'll want to blanch to get rid of the stale oil that coats it. Slice and set aside.
Boil a large pot of water and cook the soba according to the package directions. It should take between 4 to 5 mins. Drain and run cold water over the soba to cool. Drain well or the final product will be soggy and diluted. Add the soba to the sesame mixture and toss until well incorporated. Add the green onions, cilantro, and and satsuma age and toss to combine. Serve immediately.
This entry was posted in Contemporary Recipes, Favorites, Noodles, Salads and tagged boil, buckwheat, cilantro, fish cake, goma, green onion, satsuma age, scallion, sesame, sesame seeds, soba. Bookmark the permalink. Post a comment or leave a trackback: Trackback URL.
Thanks for the shout-out, Azusa! Kurogoma's been in heavy rotation in my kitchen lately, in both sweet and savory applications. I tend to agree with you about this soba salads, but this one looks too pretty to pass up.
Emma, hope you give it a try. It's also great for a quick lunch—you can pack the sesame mixture and soba separately and toss to combine before eating. Enjoy!


Paramax Corporation is pleased to announce the sale of Peter Parts Electronics to Pace Electronic Products - Paramax Corp.
Paramax advised Peter Parts Electronics ("PPE" or the "Company"), a privately owned supplier, on its sale to Kehoe Component Sales, Inc., doing business as Pace Electronic Products ("Pace"), a strategic acquirer.
PPE is a supplier of key electronic parts, components, and assemblies to OEM's and contract manufacturers with medium- to high-volume needs throughout the United States and in more than a dozen other countries. The Company uses its product application knowledge to provide custom integrated solutions that are fulfilled via a network of international manufacturers that it has developed. As a provider of value-added manufacturing services, PPE first and foremost seeks to meet the needs of its customers. The Company is headquartered in Ontario, New York, operates a warehouse outside San Diego, California, and has a representative office in Shenzhen, China.
The Buyer, Pace, provides electronic contract manufacturing and electronic component sourcing for clients in consumer, medical, industrial controls, automotive, and emergency lighting/safety product industries worldwide. Pace was incorporated in 1969 and is based in Sodus, New York with manufacturing facilities in Kowloon, Hong Kong and Heshan, China. It has warehouse facilities in the United States and a logistics office in Hong Kong.
Paramax Corporation is a FINRA-registered investment banking firm focused on advising companies and shareholders in sell-side M&A transactions to strategic buyers at after-tax optimized prices. Paramax is headquartered in Williamsville, NY with an International reach through its partnership with Globalscope Partners, a leading group of corporate finance and business advisors operating globally to support M&A transactions. In addition to its sell-side advisory practice, Paramax engages with clients on buy-side and recapitalization transactions, as well as valuation and strategic consulting. For more information on this transaction, please contact a member of our team.


Financial planning is a collaborative process that helps maximize a client's potential for meeting life goals through financial advice that integrates relevant elements of the client's personal and financial circumstances.
This 30 word definition is a small but important component in a 17 page document complied by a 14-person commission. That commission was established back in December of 2015. They have been working on this for two years. It is a good definition that is worth unpacking.
Personal financial planning works with you not just for you. A good advisor comes along side and partners with you. Your involvement throughout the process is necessary to make it customized.
Although many of us feel typical, normal, or average, we are all nevertheless very distinctive. Even for the most average individuals, cookie-cutter plans are likely going to fail to meet their life goals.
A real personalized financial plan results from the collaboration of an advising team that is working closely with the client and a specialist team that are experts in comprehensive financial planning.
The best financial advisors help you focus on what can be controlled rather than fret about the uncontrollable. Their advise is actionable and analytical. It makes sense.
You should avoid any advisor whose plans seem too good to be true or who sugarcoats reality.
Maximizing our potential is, perhaps, a goal of all of our lives. It is a life-long endeavor. A comprehensive financial planner helps a client strive to achieve his or her potential in several important ways.
Desires without a plan will rarely be realized. And without a plan it is natural to stray from the course simply because you don't have a course.
An advisor can help remind you of the big picture, fixing your gaze on your future fulfillment over your fleeting desires. They can challenge you to continue to grow and change. They can help you create a plan of how to move from where you are to where you want to be.
An advisor can make your life simpler by doing the research, presenting clear choices, and then implementing your selection. They can explain the process one step at a time. They can prompt you and help you take action in a timely manner. They can share perspectives learned from working with dozens of other clients. They can provide a positive perspective in the midst of a world that can be filled with conflict, confusion, and chaos. And they can help alleviate some of the burden. They can provide a team that works with you so that you can relax and avoid needlessly expending your energy.
Although financial planning can help you plan how to accomplish your goals, it cannot tell you what your goals should be. Only after you know your life goals can you seek to align your financial choices with your life passions. Values transcend the cash. Helping a client maximize their potential cannot be done simply by maximizing their money.
Financial planning as a profession is dependent upon financial planners upholding the ethical and legal obligation to act as a fiduciary in the client's best interests. Only in the context of a relationship of trust and confidence can a client trust the financial advice given. While nearly every consumer wants this type of advisor, it is sadly a rarity among those calling themselves a financial advisor.
Many so-called financial advisors market themselves as providing "personal, high quality advice" and then argue in court that they should be exempt from a fiduciary standard because they are mostly or only selling investment products. But all CFP® professionals who provide financial planning services are held to the duty of care of a fiduciary. NAPFA-Registered Advisors are held both to a fiduciary standard of care and also refuse to accept any commissions. You deserve a fiduciary standard of care and should settle for nothing less.
Financial planning is the process of determining what financial steps will best take you from your current situation to fulfilling your life goals. While each component of financial planning is personal to your unique situation, each component part is also integrated with other components to create a dynamic and interconnected system. Integrated financial planning takes a holistic approach. Each component is set into the context of your situation and affects other areas of your finances.
You may have one person who prepares your taxes, another who manages investments, a third who sells life insurance, and a fourth who drafts estate planning documents. These services and products are often done in isolation from one another and even in isolation from your personal situation. Personal financial planning and integrated financial planning are inseparable as changes in one part of your finances have a ripple effect to other parts of your finances.
A good advisor has to know their client's financial situation and goals as well as possible in order to succeed as a financial planner. They need to be proactive in gathering information and equally as proactive in suggesting which services to provide. In this way, the more clients share their lives, circumstances, and dream with us, the better we can help them achieve their goals.
of the client's Personal and Financial Circumstances.
A good advisor understands your goals, situations, and values. Every financial decision and investment should be made within the bigger context of your life goals. Many people don't know what personal advice a comprehensive financial planner can offer them. As a consequence, they settle for impersonal investment management by itself.
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Glendale School District
School Wide Positive Behavior Program
Greater Altoona Career & Technology Center
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About Us » Our School
Wondering what it takes to be an award-winning school? We attribute our success to our highly qualified staff, eager-to-learn students, and engaged parents. Along with the Glendale community, we have also implemented many wonderful programs that make us stand apart. You can learn more about these programs below:
Award-Winning Athletics & Academics
We encourage each of our students to find an extracurricular activity that suits his/her interests. Athletics, clubs, and band offer opportunities to grow and learn vital life-long skills, such as leadership, time management, and teamwork. To learn more about our extracurricular opportunities, please visit our Academics & Activities page.
KTO Grant
In April 2010, the Glendale School District was the recipient of the $652,176 Keystones to Opportunity Grant. Glendale was one of the 56 Pennsylvania public school districts to receive a share of nearly $36.7 million in competitive grant funds, designed to improve reading instruction for children from birth to grade 12.
Keystones to Opportunity is Pennsylvania's vision for sustainable growth in reading achievement. The grant opportunity came to Pennsylvania from the United States Department of Education and the state has the opportunity to receive a total of $193 million over a five-year period. In the first year, Glendale received its award with a chance to receive additional funds during the next four years. For more information, please visit the links on our Curriculum & Instruction page.
Glendale School District's technology has been rapidly growing over the past eight years. With the direction of Superintendent Edward G. DiSabato, Eric Frank, and In-shore Technologies, we are able to offer our students many exciting opportunities, such as:
Visualizers and projectors in every classroom
A SmartBoard in every classroom
7 notebook carts with 175 notebooks
New AutoCAD software
AS400 to Prosoft Migration
5 computer labs with 25 machines per lab
To learn more about our technology advancements at Glendale Jr./Sr. High, please visit our district Technology page.
Glendale Jr./Sr. High School's regular school day commences at 7:45 a.m. and ends at 2:44 p.m.
For a more detailed look at our school day, please refer to our bell schedule below:
To learn more about our district and involved community, please visit the links below:
ESSA Federal Report Card
1466 Beaver Valley road, Flinton, PA 16640 Phone: (814) 687-4261 District: 814-687-3402 Elementary School: 814-687-4263 High School: 814-687-4261


Rosemary Beal, Catherine Levack, Kristen Lawrence, Pete Griffin.
Matters arising: Robin still to organise "Dogs on leads" notices.
The meeting to discuss plans for 2016 has been held a alist of events has been scheduled. A hut "tidyding up" working party has been held in March.
Pete reported that there is full occupancy with half a plot vacant but about to be allocated. There is a waiting lit of 8. A couple of allotment tenancies will not be continuing. Tristan to include the bye-laws with the "welcome" note for new members.
Martin reported that there has been a smaller amount brought in from seed orders as the discount has reduced. The water bill has increased again with the previous discrepancy due to a faulty water meter.We have maintained a surplus in the accounts The 2015 accounts will be put forward for approval at the AGM.
The rent level has remained the same for the last three years but next year will have to increase by £2-00 per plot as the landlords have put up the rent. It was decided to improve communications, the date that the rent becomes due will be put on the notice boards, emailed to members on e-mail and published on the Website. The committee agreed to maintain the surcharge on late payment of rates.
The last years grant money has now been used . We are planning to spend the 2016 grant money on 3 x notice boards, skips and a gazebo for the community hut. In addition it was agreed to buy a lawnmower for the use of members.
Robin is organising a further skip to remove rubble in the bunkers by the community hut. This has been delayed as funds have been used for for unexpected asbestos removal. As previously agreed, the bunkers will be taken down as people are using them to dump rubbish despite warnings. Heras fencing panels will be erected to deter further dumping. The bunker for wood chippings will be retained.
There was significant discussion over the amendents to the local plan which will include extra housing in the Leamington area to relieve Coventry. Given the threat to the green belt in North Leamington, it was agreed that Meg would write up a short note on the recent meeing at Old Milverton church for Tristan to circulate to members for action.
The AGM will be held in the Community Hut on Sunday 10th April 2016 at 11am.
The AGM notes for 2015 are on the website in "News".
The community hut group will provide tea and cake.
40 copies of the accounts agenda and minutes need to be made available by Tristan.
Tristan to send Notice email and ensure that he website has correct start time of 11am.
The John Shuttleworth cup prize will be for the tallest sunflower (to the top of the seed head). Rosemary agreed to order seeds and these will be distributed at the AGM. The cup to be awarded on Sunday 11th September at the community hut.
Robin to invite Milverton And Blackdown Joint Parish council to give a talk about the threat to the green belt at the AGM.
It was agreed that a contact list needs to be put together for the committee to have emegency contacts for water, bees, lock combinations, gates and so on. The main contacts can then be put on the new notice boards.
There has been an offer to clear the mound coming in from Northumberland Road entrance which was accepted.
Once the clocks go forward a notice will be added to the gates to say when the allotments close. We will also consider whether new gates with combination lockswould be more suitable so that noone has to open and close the gates.
This has been a very successful year with lots of popular events like the apple pressing, and the pumpkin competition. There is a meeting in the new year to discuss plans for 2016.
Pete reported that there is full occupancy with a half plot that is vacant but about to be allocated. There is a waiting list.
Martin reported that the 2014 accounts have been sent to the FCA. We have a surplus and increased income from new rentals, and seed orders. The 2015 accounts will be put forward for approval at the AGM. There is a final donation to be made to clear the final bill for the butterfly garden which was approved by the committee. Money owed to an ex-member has been chased up repeatedly by Pete and will now be reabsorbed into the accounts.
We need to make sure there are more seed catalogues available for members next year. Seed orders will be distributed at the Community Hut by Martin when received.
The committee agreed that rent levels will stay at the same level for 2016 at £32 for a full plot and £16 for a half plot with rents due by 31st January. The rent charged by the landlord is due for review next year.
Tristan to send out a rent notice to members by email. This will include a link to the byelaws which are on the website.
Martin to ask for rent notice to be added to the website.
The byelaws state that dogs must be kept on leads. Robin to source new permanent signs x 2 for the gates to state "All dogs on leads".
Robin is organising a further skip to remove the rubble in the bunkers by the community hut. The bunkers will be taken down as people are using them to dump rubbish despite warnings. Heras fencing panels will be erected to deter further dumping. The bunker for wood chippings will be retained.
There was significant discussion over amendments to the local plan which will include extra housing in Leamington area to relieve Coventry. We do not know if these proposals will include the North Leamington green belt. We need to be ready to take action if so.
Robin and Tristan to email members to inform them about the Town Hall exhibition on garden suburb plans on Thursday 12th November. (This was done).
There was a discussion on items to apply to the Town Council for the annual allotment society grants for 2016. The shortlist includes the cost of ordering skips regularly during the year, a heavy duty gazebo for the community hut, a portable generator, new notice boards with Perspex fronts x 3.
Martin to ask builder for a quote for refurbishing the brick built antique hut to reclaim as a tool shed.
Future ideas included a wood burning stove for the community hut and an apple press.
This will be held in the Community Hut on Sunday 10th April 2016 at 11am. We agreed the agenda.
The AGM notes for 2015 are on the website in "news".
Meg to ask Dave Elliot if these notes can be kept in a separate section on website.
The community hut group will be providing tea and cake.
40 copies of the accounts, agenda and minutes need to be made available by Tristan.
Catherine will be producing the annual newsletter to include a report about community hut events, the butterfly garden, rents and notices.
We will need a new supplier from next year. We will consider possibility of ordering smaller loads and whether we can have a central delivery to the community hut for collection in barrows. We will also look at the costs and fees depending upon the new supplier.
There is a need for ditch clearing which Pete will arrange.
2 x strimmers donated to the community hut need fixing if practicable.
The next committee meeting will be on 14th March 2016 at 8pm.
Leamington in Bloom will be coming to the butterfly garden at 10.12 on Thursday 2nd July.
Event- The grand opening of the Butterfly garden will be on July 11th at 3.00pm. A courier article could be written. Can Catherine take some photographs to be used in an article?
Can we invite the other allotments eg Cliffe, Bill Gifford.
TS to send an email on Tuesday reminding members.
Notice boards. Can they be cleaned/replaced? Yes we will investigate replacing the boards.
Picnic tables are going to be anchored to the ground to prevent theft.
There is rubbish in the ditch at the back so the ditch needs to be cleaned out and a working party should be organised to do this before the winter. A more comprehensive clean up is needed and this could be a grant item for next year's grant application.
Community Hut skip- we need to source a small skip which can be delivered. Before this can happen the hedge needs to be trimmed back along the Northumberland Road.
Plot Inspections. Official notice letters are to be sent to two plot holders. "Please keep the weeds down" letters to be sent to 5 plot holders.
Vacancies- Pete will split a plot (D and C) into three starter plots.
Contingency funding agreed for the butterfly garden.
Present: Robin Cathcart, Tristan Stephens, Meg van Rooyen, Martin Hurst, Rosemary Beal, Catherine Levack.
Woodchip: No one has been able to find any free supplies. Tristan to email members to see if anyone has any sources.
AGM minutes and meeting notes: Meg to ask Dave Elliot if a separate space can be created for these on the website.
Butterfly garden. Fantastic work has been done by Rosemary on the butterfly garden. This is being seen by other interested parties as an innovative project. The pond has now been installed. The garden is nearly complete with some further planting and work to do. It was agreed that another skip can be hired. We will be contributing to the costs of the garden and a pond liner. There was discussion around the possibility of a formal opening with the press in attendance. Further details to follow.
Plot occupancy. Pete Griffin is managing the allocation of these plots and sent an update. All the plots are currently let with a small waiting list. However, some plots holders will be written to in relation to their plot maintenance. In addition there are some members who have not paid their annual rent and will be receiving letters shortly. Depending upon the outcome, we may need to reassess plot vacancies at the next meeting.
Town council grant. We have been successful in obtaining another grant for 2015. This will go towards two additional water tanks, a new lightweight rotovator, guttering on the community hut and two picnic tables for the community hut amongst general improvements.
Water tanks. Three new water tanks have all been installed and connected up. This has all been done by volunteers.
The community hut. Liz Philips organised an extremely well-attended meeting in the Star & Garter. There is a draft programme for the coming years' activities which has been circulated for members to sign up for.
Working party. This is running on the 22nd March at 10.30am with a view to cleaning the area around the community hut so that the picnic benches can be ordered and the raised beds installed.
Asbestos. Tristan has sent an email to plot holders asking them to contact Pete Griffin if they have any loose asbestos around their plot to organise a day for removal by specialists.
Recycling bunkers. There needs to be a reminder for members not to dump rubbish in the recycling bunkers. There has been an alert put on the Facebook page. They are for rubble, scrap metal and wood chippings ONLY. The bunker that is intended for wood chippings but needs to be relabelled to discourage dumping.
Accounts for 2014. These were formally approved by the committee. The final accounts will be put forward for approval at the AGM.
10)The access road. There will be further work with the Milverton Allotment Society to implement some repairs to the access road.
11)Scarecrow competition. There will be a scarecrow competition which will close on the 2nd of May when the Mayor of Leamington will be judging the entries and awarding prizes at the community hut event. Catherine and Tristan to sort out posters and notice for members.
This will be held in the Community Hut on Sunday 29th March 2015 at 11am. We agreed the agenda which will include an update on the community hut and communications work.
40 copies of the accounts, agenda and minutes will be made available by Tristan.
The paving inside the hut has now been completed!
The John Shuttleworth Cup competition theme was agreed and will be announced at the AGM.
Membership. There is one vacant plot and one coming up soon. Pete Griffin is managing the allocation of these plots. There is no current waiting list. We will consider advertising for members in February once the annual rent cycle is complete.
Town council grant. We have been successful in obtaining another grant this year. These have been used for general improvements to the allotments including extensions to water tank provision. We discussed ideas for the forthcoming grant application for 2015. These included picnic tables for the Community Hut, more water tanks, a lightweight digger, and clearing the bricked area at the Community Hut and a skip to clear the butterfly garden area.
Asbestos. Loose asbestos around the plots needs to be removed by specialists. We need to identify where loose asbestos is located and a day set for removal.
Recycling bunkers. These have been installed by the community hut. They will be used for rubble, scrap metal and wood chippings. The bunker that is intended for wood chippings but needs to be relabelled to discourage dumping. We are following up leads to obtain a regular supply of woodchips.
Butterfly garden. Lots of work has been done. The pond is still to be installed. A skip needs to be hired for clearing the area. We will be contributing to the costs of the garden and a pond liner.
Accounts for 2014. These have been produced and audited by A W Parsons. The final accounts will be put forward for approval at the AGM.
Rents for 2015. Given the financial position it was felt that there is no need to increase rent levels in 2015. The rent will therefore stay at the same level as the current rent. Rent due 31st January 2015.
Milverton Show. There was a discussion about the need to encourage entries to the Milverton Show. The organisers are to be invited to a Community Hut event to tell us about showing produce.
The access road. There will be a meeting with the Milverton Allotment Society to discuss repair and upkeep of the access road.
This will be held in the Community Hut on Sunday 29th March 2015 at 11am. We agreed the order of the AGM. The theme will be to recognise the range of work done around the allotments by "unsung hero" volunteers.
AGM minutes from 2014 should be on the website.
It is hoped that the paving in the community hut will be completed in time.
The John Shuttleworth Cup competition needs to be decided for 2015.
Meg to create action points of committee meetings to post on website.
The Community Hut is holding a pruning workshop on 30th November with experts from Ryton. There will also be a pre-Xmas event on the Solstice. Volunteers for organising events next year always welcome.
MvR agreed to create action points of committee meetings to post on website.
Membership. This has been managed for an interim period by a subgroup. There may be up to 6 vacant plots by the date of the AGM depending upon the number of late rent payers. Adverts for new members will be via a notice on the website and Facebook. External adverts in the community are to be considered after all outstanding names on the waiting list have been contacted. Approval given for a pilot mentoring scheme for new members.
Town council grant. We have been successful in obtaining £1,580 in grants this year. This is to be used for general improvements to the allotment including extensions to water tank provision.
Recycling bunkers. These have been installed by the community hut. These will be for asbestos, scrap metal and aggregate. (Pebbles can be placed on the roads on site). Notice to be added to the website after bunkers labelled.
Woodland Trust. Application for free trees was successful and we have received 420 assorted trees, stakes and guards. These will be arriving 4th-7th March and will be planted out at the working party on Sunday 13th April. They will be used to fill in gaps in hedging and around the community hut area.
Accounts for 2013. These have been produced and audited by A W Parsons. The final accounts will be put forward for approval at the AGM.
This will be held in the community hut on Sunday 23rd March 2014 at 11am. The date was changed due to Mother's day.
The John Shuttleworth Cup will be a competition for the heaviest giant cabbage.
There will be a discussion about the merits of a community orchard or a butterfly garden in the area next to Borrowdale Drive.
The BBC is advertising for allotment members to take part in a forthcoming TV series. Details will be posted on the website.
Produce table stolen from Borrowdale Drive entrance but Tristan received many welcome offers of replacements.


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Tag Archives: Berlin Film Festival
Tobias Burms
Andre Techine's 'Being 17', a spiritual descendant of his famous, 'Wild Reeds'
"Il est beau" is a French expression that's tossed around easily, but has in fact more profound implications than you'd expect based on its English translation ("he's cute"). Not only is the phrase lacking a commonly used feminine equivalent (I'll spare you the rich vocabulary French boys use to affectionately describe their love interests), but the word 'beau' transcends the notion of mere good looks and can be used to express a more general desirability. It is, however, not an extendible concept, in the sense that it's linked to quite the rigid archetype (often lampooned in Rohmer films): the tall, dark and handsome-type who's only sensitive in an unspoken way, knows how to change a tire and never resorts to pseudo-intellectual verbal peacocking in order to assert his dominance, relying on animal-like body language instead.
"Il est beau" is uttered somewhere in the beginning of André Téchiné's teenage angst fable Quand on a 17 ans (Being 17) by middle aged doctor Marianne (Sandrine Kiberlain) after she meets the adopted son of one of her patients, Thomas (Corentin Fila), the dark-skinned, rugged, amiable farmboy who experiments with bovine painkillers as a cheap Paracetamol alternative on his sick mother while attempting a transfer to the Advanced BAC S program. Every day, this working class hero leaves his snug wooden cabin to embark on a two-hour commune across the snowy Pyrenees in order to reach school. Once there, his engineered indifference is mistaken for teenage rebellion by the incompetent administration. When Thomas faces suspension for slacking off, Marianne's typicallyFrench instinct of handling small interpersonal conflicts like a heated political debate comes into play (and we're reminded of the abysmal Entre les Murs (2008)) as she decides to take him into her own house – saving him the trouble of a daily two hour hike – where she will tutor the boy and occasionally feel up his dreamy, farm-sculpted pecs.
While the film may portray Marianne simply as a naïve do-gooder, Quand on a 17 ans also partly works as a modern day Teorema; a tale of middle class ennui that's stirred up by an 'exotic' looking outsider who is filmed as a sex object from first frame in. Thomas makes a fine addition to Marianne's family, which consists of her husband – a pilot stationed somewhere in the Middle-East – and her son Damien (Kacey Mottet Klein), who feels an unexplained animosity towards his playground chum. If Thomas is the embodiment of 'beau', the a contrario definition 'moche' (which has equally serious implications, meaning not only 'ugly', but 'bad', 'worthless' and 'failed to reach the higher echelons of social hierarchy') fits Damien quite nicely: a sloucher, rodent-faced momma's boy who enjoys going mano a mano with his crewcut ex-military neighbour. His excuse is that he wants to cultivate self-defense, which may infact be an indication he's in emotional distress (he's probably struggling with his sexuality, co-writer Céline Sciamma adds). The arrival of Thomas creates a testosterone induced Arms Race between the boys, but Thomas quickly gains the upper hand in the household, facilitated by hubby's absence (he's mostly seen as a static entity on Skype conversations, reduced to a digital family photo) and Damien's overall inferiority. The three of them form a Rebel Without a Cause-style improvised family, Thomas the Dad, Marianne the Mom and Damien the Child (who'll gladly wear an apron to whoop up some gratin dauphinoise for his new parents).
The constant jousting between the young lads reveals an unmistakeable sexual tension (because physical combat is the only socially accepted initiation ritual for gay love, co-writer Céline Sciamma adds) and the film deals with all the typical insecurities of the age where the hormonal bouillabaisse reaches its boiling point. But while the Rimbaud poem to which the title refers cleverly mocks the way trivial adolescent flings are often romanticized in hindsight, Quand on a 17 ans wallows in sentimental reminiscence. Thomas is portrayed as a guardian angel (not unlike the Nathan character is Téchiné's equally schmaltzy La Fille du RER), the Pyrenees serving as his Mount Olivet and the idyllic countryside backdrop of majestic mountains and endless lakes adds unnecessary grandeur to this puppy love story, making the film something of an LGBT-arthouse remake of My Girl. Apart from the delightfully offbeat moment where Damien comes out of the closet by making Thomas drive him to some random Grindr hook-up, the film fails to acknowledge the chaotic, elusive nature of teenage lust and delivers a nice story with some solid performances instead, making Quand on a 17ans a shoe-in for the next year's César awards, quality label for 'un beau film'.
This entry was posted in Uncategorized and tagged Andre Téchiné, Berlin Film Festival, Teorema on February 28, 2016 by AM.


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Grazalema ist ein Ort im Nordosten der Provinz Cádiz (Andalusien/Spanien) am Fuß der Berge der Sierra del Pinar.

Traditionell waren Landwirtschaft (Schafzucht, Korkeichen unter anderem) und Handwerk (Weberei, Tischlerei unter anderem) die Lebensgrundlage der Grazalemeños, wie die Bewohner genannt werden. Heute sind die landwirtschaftlichen Nutzflächen teilweise stark eingeschränkt, da der Ort inmitten des Naturparks Sierra de Grazalema liegt. Die umliegenden Sierras (spanisch: Bergketten) sind beliebte Ziele für Wanderer und Kletterer, für letztere ist insbesondere der Peñón Grande interessant. Für viele Bewohner wurde somit der Tourismus eine wesentliche Einnahmequelle.

Der Ursprung Grazalemas geht auf eine römische Ansiedlung zurück. In den Jahrhunderten der maurischen Herrschaft auf der iberischen Halbinsel wurde der Ort weiter ausgebaut. Erst 1485, nur sieben Jahre vor dem endgültigen Ende des maurischen Al-Andalus, wurde es im Zuge der Reconquista von den katholischen Spaniern erobert. Im 17. Jahrhundert wurde die barocke Kirche Iglesia Parroquial errichtet.

Grazalema ist eines der "weißen Dörfer" Andalusiens; einer Reihe von Dörfern und Kleinstädten, die, meist auf phönizische und römische Siedlungen zurückgehend, von den Mauren ausgebaut wurden. Typisch dafür sind die weiß gestrichenen Häuser und engen verwinkelten Gassen, wie sie auch in Nordafrika zu finden sind.

Eine bemerkenswerte Besonderheit ist das Klima des Ortes. Grazalema weist mit 2132 l/m² die höchste jährliche Niederschlagsmenge Spaniens auf und selbst wenige Kilometer entfernte Nachbarorte erreichen nur knapp ein Viertel dieser Menge.

Einzelnachweise

Literatur

Weblinks

 Touristische Informationen für Grazalema und der Naturpark von Grazalema

Ort in Andalusien


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After his travels abroad and his sojourn at the court of Charlemagne, Alcuin returned to York for a brief visit in 786, and a prolonged one from 790 to 793.
Viking raiders entered the Tyne in AD 787 and again in AD 794, when they plundered Jarrow monastery.
Between 917-918 AD was more conflict between Vikings and English, at Derby.


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Venjan is a locality situated in Mora Municipality, Dalarna County, Sweden with 295 inhabitants in 2010.

References

Populated places in Dalarna County
Populated places in Mora Municipality


Brian grew up in Malverne and attended Malverne elementary schools. Brian then attended Kellenberg Memorial High School and went on to graduate from Stevens Institute of Technology with a degree in Engineering. Brian married his high school sweetheart and they have 6 children. He resides in Malverne along with many members of his extended family. Brian is very active in the community with twenty years of service in the Malverne Police Reserve, currently as acting Deputy Inspector. Brian has been past recognized as the Police Reserve Volunteer of the year. Brian also serves as a volunteer board member of the nonprofit Nassau Land Trust which operates Crossroads Farm. He was recently recognized as a Malverne West Hempstead Herald Person of the Year for 2015. Brian was additionally recognized in 2016 as a Town of Hempstead Make a Difference Award recipient for his volunteer work in the community. He was further recognized in 2016 by Woodmenlife with the 2016 Community Leadership Award. Brian and his family participates in the annual OLL Souper Scavenger Hunt and collects over 1000 lbs. of food annually for the food pantry. Brian constantly strives to help make his community a better place.
Brian has been in the real estate industry for well over 15 years, personally investing in rehab and rental properties both residential and commercial along with property development from Brooklyn to the Hamptons. He has purchased/rehabbed/built/sold many houses with over a dozen in Malverne alone. He also owns and manages investment properties in North Carolina and Upstate New York. Unlike many other agents, Brian personally knows what you go through as a buyer or seller. He has been there many times. He can lead you through the process as easily as possible constantly working to make it a positive experience. Many of Brian's clients have become personal friends. Brian is also a HVAC contractor so his expertise in contracting is a benefit to his clients when selling or buying a home. He can offer insight as to costs to potentially expect and help you envision what a home could be. Brian is a great negotiator and makes deals happen. He is also a huge fan of technology and available to his clients 24/7.


Parkview Reseda is a lovely condo community located along Reseda Boulevard near stores, restaurants, and services in the heart of Reseda, California. Built in 1987, Parkview Reseda is comprised of several luxury units. This complex offers floor plans that feature private balconies, cozy fireplaces, extra storage closets, ensuite bathrooms, and many updates. Residents enjoy living at Parkview Reseda because of the fantastic amenities and the peaceful neighborhood. It is also a short distance to grocery stores, public schools, medical offices, recreation, and places of worship. This building offers secured parking, clean common areas, pet friendly policies, security, and paid earthquake insurance, maintenance, and pest control.
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This 2 bedroom, 2 full baths home, located on RESEDA Boulevard was recently sold on Wednesday, August 1st for $325,000.
With 967 square feet of total floorspace, this home comes in at $336.09 per square foot.
Originally built in 1987, this 3-story home sits on a 22,162 square foot lot.
Listing provided courtesy of Bianca Torrence at Pritchett-Rapf & Assoc..


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Immigration Updates – 2014 Part 1
by Foster, on Immigration Updates
Date News Stories
10/1/2014 Reminder: Update Form I-9 Today for Students Changing to H-1b Status on October 1st
9/30/2014 FY-2016 DV Lottery Opens Tomorrow, October 1, 2014
9/23/2014 Foster Fall Immigration Update Seminars in Austin and Houston, Texas
9/16/2014 Beware of Scams Targeting H-1B Workers and Other Foreign Nationals
9/12/2014 EB-2 India Immigrant Visas Now Unavailable and Significant Retrogression Likely
9/10/2014 Foster Immigration Update on EB-2 and EB-3 Visa Availability
8/26/2014 EB-5 China Visa Availability Update
8/19/2014 Going Through Passport Control at the Airport? There's an App for That
8/18/2014 Visa Availability Advances for EB-2 India and EB-3 Philippines
8/15/2014 Visa Issuance Delays Mostly Resolved
7/31/2014 Continued Visa Issuance Delays at U.S. Consulates World-Wide
7/31/2014 Important Change in Nonimmigrant Visa Application Procedures in Paris
7/28/2014 Visa Issuance Delays at U.S. Consulates Worldwide Due to Technical Problems
7/28/2014 Vietnam: New Immigration Law to Take Effect on January 1, 2015
7/24/2014 Seminar for Health Care Specialists and Researchers
7/23/2014 Singapore: New Employment Pass Requirements to Go in Effect on August 1, 2014
7/4/2014 Foster Webinar on I-9 and E-Verify
7/3/2014 Canada Reduces "Dependent" Age to 18
6/27/2014 Canada Implements New Criteria for Intra-Company Transfer and Temporary Foreign Worker Programs
6/10/2014 Four Year Advance for EB-2 India
6/6/2014 European Union: EU Directive 2014/66 Establishes Significant Changes to Intra-Company Transfer Work Permit Processes
6/5/2014 DHS Announces Process for Renewal of Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA)
6/4/2014 U.S. Consulates in Canada Suspend Third-Country-National (TCN) Visa Applications for the Summer Months
6/2/2014 EB-3 China Retrogression Update
5/16/2014 Update – CIS Publishes Proposed Rule for H-4 Work Authorization
5/9/2014 June Visa Bulletin – Chinese EB-3 Retrogression
5/7/2014 Proposed Rule to Extend Work Authorization for H-4 Spouses of Certain H-1B Holders
4/29/2014 Foster Spring Immigration Update Seminars
4/10/2014 FY-2015 H-1B Lottery Applied to 172,500 Petitions
4/7/2014 FY-2015 H-1B CAP REACHED
3/3/2014 Chileans to Travel Visa-Free to the United States Starting May 1, 2014
2/14/2014 India: Changes to Tourist Visa Program
2/6/2014 Initiate New H-1B Petitions Now for Filing April 1st
1/28/2014 L-1 Site Visits Expand CIS Fraud Detection Program
1/8/2014 CBP Authorized to Search Travelers' Electronic Devices
1/6/2014 Get Ready Now to File New H-1B Petitions April 1st


We enable null support by using lucee server admin --> Language/compiler and setting Null support to complete support (exclusive to Lucee) or partial support (default, same as Adobe CF).
In this example, the function test() does not return a value. This, in effect, is the same as returning null. If you dump the result of the function (dump(test());), you will see that the dump outputs Empty: Null.
If we we assign the fuction result to a variable, i.e. t=test();, and reference the variable, i.e. dump(t); an error will be thrown when using partial support for null: "the key [T] does not exist". If we enable full support, you will be able to reference the variable without error, the dump output will be Empty: Null and IsNull(t) will evaluate true.
In all cases, dump(isNull(notexisting)); will throw an error.
With partial support for NULL enabled, dump(qry._null); will output an empty string. With full support, Empty: null will be output and IsNull(qry._null); will evaluate true.


text:
Tá tú ar :
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toradh/torthaí
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Focal/focail
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Staidéar
Bileoga Eolais AE
Réimse beartas
Údar
Eochairfhocal
Dáta
idir (11-02-2015)
agus (13-11-2019)
Sórtáil de réir dáta
Doiciméid :
Financing EU external action in the new MFF, 2021-2027: Heading 6 'Neighbourhood and the World'
In May 2018, the European Commission published its proposals for the new multiannual financial framework (MFF), the EU's seven-year budget for the 2021-2027 period, followed by proposals for the MFF's individual sectoral programmes. In the proposals, financing external action is covered under Heading 6, 'Neighbourhood and the World', which replaces the current Heading 4, 'Global Europe'. Taking into account the evolving context both internationally and within the EU, as well as the conclusions of ...
In May 2018, the European Commission published its proposals for the new multiannual financial framework (MFF), the EU's seven-year budget for the 2021-2027 period, followed by proposals for the MFF's individual sectoral programmes. In the proposals, financing external action is covered under Heading 6, 'Neighbourhood and the World', which replaces the current Heading 4, 'Global Europe'. Taking into account the evolving context both internationally and within the EU, as well as the conclusions of the current MFF's mid-term review, the Commission has proposed changes to the EU external action budget in order to make it simpler and more flexible, and to enable the EU to engage more strategically with its partner countries in the future. The proposed Heading 6 comes with increased resources and important structural changes. It envisages merging the majority of the current stand-alone external financing instruments into a single one – the Neighbourhood, Development and International Cooperation Instrument (NDICI) – as well as integrating into it the biggest EU external financing fund – the European Development Fund – currently outside the budget. Another proposed novelty is to set up an off-budget instrument – the European Peace Facility – to fund security and defence-related actions. With these changes, the Commission strives to take into account, among other things, the need for the EU to align its actions with its new and renewed international commitments under the UN 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda, the Paris Climate Agreement, the new EU Global Strategy, the European Consensus on Development, the European Neighbourhood Policy, and to make EU added value, relevance and credibility more visible. Negotiations on the 2021-2027 MFF are under way. The final decision is to be taken by the Council, acting by unanimity, with the European Parliament's consent. However, in view of current political realities and the financial implications of the UK's withdrawal from the EU, the adoption of a modern budget for the future remains a challenge that is not limited to Heading 6. Further developments are expected by the end of 2019.
Buiséad
Gnóthaí Eachtracha
Faigh an URL
Amending budget No 2/2019: Horizon 2020 and Erasmus+
The European Commission's Draft Amending Budget No 2 aims to reinforce two key programmes for EU competitiveness: Horizon 2020 and Erasmus+. The intended increase amounts to €100 million of commitment appropriations for the two programmes, with no reinforcement in payment appropriations envisaged. A vote on this proposal, which reflects the agreement between the European Parliament and the Council on the 2019 budget, is scheduled for the September plenary session.
Sracfhéachaint pdf
Reconciliation in the Western Balkans: The difficulty of emulating the EU model
In 2017, the European Union turned 60, celebrating not only six decades of peace between its Member States but also integration – based on a framework for a peaceful European ethos – which helped bring reconciliation to its citizens that would have otherwise been impossible to achieve. In the Western Balkans, which were torn apart by wars after the disintegration of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, conflicting narratives about the past continue to charge intra-regional relations with animosity ...
In 2017, the European Union turned 60, celebrating not only six decades of peace between its Member States but also integration – based on a framework for a peaceful European ethos – which helped bring reconciliation to its citizens that would have otherwise been impossible to achieve. In the Western Balkans, which were torn apart by wars after the disintegration of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, conflicting narratives about the past continue to charge intra-regional relations with animosity, and a number of bilateral disputes await resolution. Just as the European Communities helped to bring peace to post-World War II western Europe, so does the EU promote the reconciliation process in the countries that were once part of Yugoslavia. A credible promise of accession to the EU for all Western Balkan countries gives them an incentive to improve their working relationships and work on reconciliation more vigorously. Since 2017, the EU has renewed its attempts to infuse the Western Balkan countries' enlargement process with fresh energy. In a March 2018 statement, the EU High Representative, Federica Mogherini, said it was 'time to close the wounds of the past' and take steps to guarantee stability for the whole of Europe. The European Commission's new enlargement strategy of February 2018, apart from placing special emphasis on solving all bilateral disputes, highlights reconciliation as a prerequisite for EU accession, and envisages a dedicated flagship initiative. This briefing aims to draw attention to the importance of reconciliation, both as part of the Western Balkans' EU integration process and as an answer to the region's widely perceived need to come to terms with the past. Civil-society representatives and experts often see reconciliation in the region as a prerequisite for building sustainable cooperation in many areas and a process that would help local youth to overcome their prejudices and restore their trust in their countries and region. However, achieving reconciliation requires cooperation in practice, something that will likely take decades to accomplish.
Philippe PERCHOC
Instrument for Pre-accession Assistance (IPA III)
On 14 June 2018, the European Commission published a proposal for a regulation establishing the Instrument for Pre-accession Assistance (IPA) III as part of a set of external action instruments under the new 2021 to 2027 multiannual financial framework (MFF). The proposed financial envelope represents a 1.1 % decrease compared with current funding (€12.9 billion in 2018 prices). Beneficiaries include the Western Balkan countries and Turkey. The IPA, set up for the 2007 to 2013 MFF, aims to prepare ...
On 14 June 2018, the European Commission published a proposal for a regulation establishing the Instrument for Pre-accession Assistance (IPA) III as part of a set of external action instruments under the new 2021 to 2027 multiannual financial framework (MFF). The proposed financial envelope represents a 1.1 % decrease compared with current funding (€12.9 billion in 2018 prices). Beneficiaries include the Western Balkan countries and Turkey. The IPA, set up for the 2007 to 2013 MFF, aims to prepare candidate and potential candidate countries for EU membership and supports them in adopting and implementing the necessary political, institutional, legal, administrative, social and economic reforms. IPA III is clearly positioned in the context of the new Western Balkan strategy, adopted in February 2018, and builds in flexibility via à vis the evolving situation in Turkey. It is also designed to complement the EU's internal policies. In Parliament, the file has been allocated to the Committee for Foreign Affairs (AFET), with José Ignacio Salafranca Sánchez-Neyra (EPP, Spain) and Knut Fleckenstein (S&D, Germany) as co-rapporteurs. The draft report presented by the rapporteurs on 30 October 2018 is now awaiting adoption by AFET. First edition. EU Legislation in Progress briefings are updated at key stages throughout the legislative procedure.
Reachtaíocht a ghlacadh ag PE agus ag an gComhairle
Martin SVASEK
pre-accession aid
EU aid
European Union membership
third country
macro-financial assistance
suspension of aid
European Neighbourhood and Partnership Instrument
EU statistics
proposal (EU)
Montenegro – a lead candidate for EU accession
With most negotiation chapters open and a likely candidate to meet the 2025 accession date suggested by the European Commission's new 2018 enlargement strategy, Montenegro is in a leading position on its path towards EU accession, compared to the other five aspirants from the Western Balkans. In June 2017, the country also joined NATO, achieving another strategic foreign policy priority. Despite these favourable developments, Montenegro has a lot of work ahead in order to reach EU standards in areas ...
With most negotiation chapters open and a likely candidate to meet the 2025 accession date suggested by the European Commission's new 2018 enlargement strategy, Montenegro is in a leading position on its path towards EU accession, compared to the other five aspirants from the Western Balkans. In June 2017, the country also joined NATO, achieving another strategic foreign policy priority. Despite these favourable developments, Montenegro has a lot of work ahead in order to reach EU standards in areas such as the fight against corruption and organised crime, respect for the rule of law, and media freedom.
Women in the Western Balkans: Gender equality in the EU accession process
Equality between women and men, or gender equality, is a fundamental right and a common value, recognised by the EU. It has been a component of the European integration project from its outset. Enshrined in the EU Treaties, gender equality forms part of the accession conditions with which candidate and potential candidates from the Western Balkans (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Kosovo, Montenegro and Serbia) have to comply. Investing in gender equality ...
Equality between women and men, or gender equality, is a fundamental right and a common value, recognised by the EU. It has been a component of the European integration project from its outset. Enshrined in the EU Treaties, gender equality forms part of the accession conditions with which candidate and potential candidates from the Western Balkans (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Kosovo, Montenegro and Serbia) have to comply. Investing in gender equality, however, is essential not only as an EU requirement, but for an equal society. Although progress has been noted in these countries as regards gender equality, more work is still required. Equal opportunities would allow EU candidate countries to better tap into the potential and skills of women, and underpin achievements in areas such as economic growth, employment and social cohesion, as well as in peace-building. As part of their preparation for an EU future, the Western Balkan countries have taken steps to advance women's rights in recent years. These include adopting or amending relevant legislation (e.g. criminal and labour laws), elaborating national strategies and action plans, and establishing institutional mechanisms to carry out and monitor relevant policies. Nevertheless, promoting gender equality is often sidelined, and the action taken in this respect is insufficient. Ensuring equality between women and men remains 'unfinished business' in a region where traditional gender roles are deep-rooted and social attitudes and lack of awareness of women's rights are at the core of the problem. This Briefing aims to highlight the EU's efforts to promote gender equality as part of EU enlargement policy, and the way the EU strives to mainstream equality across the board. It also aims to cast light on some major challenges that women face in the Western Balkans, such as their weaker roles in economy and politics, and widespread gender-based violence. This follows up the June 2017 briefing on 'Rights and empowerment of women in the Western Balkans'.
Saincheisteanna Inscne, Comhionannas agus Éagsúlacht
enlargement of the Union
EU strategy
FYR Macedonia: Economic indicators and trade with EU
The first EU-Western Balkans Summit in a decade and a half takes place in Sofia in May 2018, under the Bulgarian Presidency of the Council. That is just one indicator of the EU's renewed engagement with the six countries of the region, with the Commission's February 2018 enlargement strategy reaffirming their perspective of joining the Union. This infographic, one of a series produced by EPRS in cooperation with Globalstat, offers an overview of the main economic and trade data – in particular on ...
The first EU-Western Balkans Summit in a decade and a half takes place in Sofia in May 2018, under the Bulgarian Presidency of the Council. That is just one indicator of the EU's renewed engagement with the six countries of the region, with the Commission's February 2018 enlargement strategy reaffirming their perspective of joining the Union. This infographic, one of a series produced by EPRS in cooperation with Globalstat, offers an overview of the main economic and trade data – in particular on trade with the EU – of the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, as well as information on EU grants and loans to the country.
Saincheisteanna Airgeadais agus Baincéireachta
economic indicator
Bosnia and Herzegovina: Economic indicators and trade with EU
The first EU-Western Balkans Summit in a decade and a half takes place in Sofia in May 2018, under the Bulgarian Presidency of the Council. That is just one indicator of the EU's renewed engagement with the six countries of the region, with the Commission's February 2018 enlargement strategy reaffirming their perspective of joining the Union. This infographic, one of a series produced by EPRS in cooperation with Globalstat, offers an overview of the main economic and trade data – in particular on trade with the EU – of Bosnia and Herzegovina, as well as information on EU grants and loans to the country.
Saincheisteanna Eacnamaíochta agus Airgeadaíochta
Montenegro: Economic indicators and trade with EU
The first EU-Western Balkans Summit in a decade and a half takes place in Sofia in May 2018, under the Bulgarian Presidency of the Council. That is just one indicator of the EU's renewed engagement with the six countries of the region, with the Commission's February 2018 enlargement strategy reaffirming their perspective of joining the Union. This infographic, one of a series produced by EPRS in cooperation with Globalstat, offers an overview of the main economic and trade data – in particular on trade with the EU – of Montenegro, as well as information on EU grants and loans to the country.
Serbia: Economic indicators and trade with EU
The first EU-Western Balkans Summit in a decade and a half takes place in Sofia in May 2018, under the Bulgarian Presidency of the Council. That is just one indicator of the EU's renewed engagement with the six countries of the region, with the Commission's February 2018 enlargement strategy reaffirming their perspective of joining the Union. This infographic, one of a series produced by EPRS in cooperation with Globalstat, offers an overview of the main economic and trade data – in particular on trade with the EU – of Serbia, as well as information on EU grants and loans to the country.
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Íoslódáil i bhformáid PDF
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Full HD, indoor Rapid Dome IP camera, 30x optical zoom, 20º tilt up, 360º endless pan, 700º/sec pan speed, 60fps, wide dynamic (View-DR 130dB), true D/N, gyro-based image stabilizer, SD card storage, HPoE, AC 24V, DC 12V.
Extremely Wide Dynamic Range to 130dB achieved with View-DR technology.
Powerful Optical 30x and Digital 12x zoom capability(360x in total) to shoot extremely wide area, allowing capture of high-resolution images even from great distance.
Gyroscopic Image Stabilizer to help minimize the effect of camera shake or vibration for less blurry images.
Industry Leading levels of panning performance with a pan speed of 700 degree/s.
Focal Plane Distortion Correction Technology to correct any image distortion generated in a scene by the CMOS sensor focal plane phenomenon.
Defog Image Processing feature to help clear up fog, mist or haze in a scene to achieve a more visible image.
Minimum illumination of 1.4 lx in Color and 0.15 lx in B/W (50 IRE @ 1/30 sec).
IPELA ENGINE Pro signal processing system developed based on Sony's unique signal processing and video analytics technologies to provide unique features such as a high frame rate, View-DR, XDNR™, DEPA™ Advanced, Gyroscopic Imange Stabilizer, Focal Plane Distortion Correction and Defog Image Processing.