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Naples Miscellany # 54 (start mid-June 2015)
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(June 10) - The Naples-Cuba connection! It may seem strange, but Naples and Havana have a lot in common. The first time I had cause to consider that was when I ran across the phrase "the Cuban-Neapolitan Baroque". That was in connection with the Cuban composer Esteban Salas (see that link), often called the first American composer. It started to make sense when I considered that both Cuba and Naples had been parts of the far-flung Spanish empire in the 1500s and 1600s and that Spain had developed in Naples an extensive tradition of music conservatories, turning out composers who later influenced Salas greatly. (That's all about Salas. Really, see that link!) Now I am reminded of all that when I read that Giuseppe Klain, a professor of multidimensional design on the architecture faculty of the Second University of Naples has an exhibit called HAVANAPOLIS running through June 30 in the Cuban capital, precisely on the premises of the Casa Garibaldi, the seat of the Dantre Alighieri Society, which promotes the Italian language in Cuba. He is presenting 30 photos of Naples and 30 of Havana, essentially a comparison and contrast of persons, historical centers, churches, etc. —many of the things that have landed both places on the UNESCO World Heritage List. When the exhibit finishes in Havana, it will open in Naples.
(June 10) - There are two separate entries in these pages on the knights Templar, one of which claims that the founder was Neapolitan! (That one is here. Sorry, more homework.) Indeed, they still fascinate. Now, an exhibit is coming up on June 12 at the Egg Castle called Naples from the Medieval Dawn to the Sun of the Renaissance. It will be a "narrated exhibit" (their words), essentially a springboard into the presentation of a number of recent books on the subject of the Templars and Naples; it will also introduce a later exhibit entitled The Arcane in Naples.
(June 10) - From the great number of buildings and monuments shrouded in nets and scaffolding in Naples, the city is either falling apart or is one vast perpetration of installation art. One of these is the vast Galleria Umberto, the signature building of the 'new Naples' of the 1890s. It has been through 125 years of splendid ups and god-awful downs. One of the worst of the latter occurred recently when a chunk of masonry fell from the east entrance on via Toledo and struck and killed a young teenaged boy, a kid just out for a stroll with friends. When something like that happens, there is understandable public outrage. "Why can't the city maintain these buildings!?" is the common cry, and so the city starts another round of slow and underfunded repairs.
Now, however, the city announces that the real culprits through all these years have been the concessionaires on the premises, who are contractually bound to maintain their properties and have failed to do so. As a result, the city is evicting all of them! What?! Right, city-hall is taking over all of the spaces at "via Toledo 50", the official address of the Gallery. It seems that the legal minds at city hall with their fine-toothed comb (or maybe it's a hairbrush) have gone back and reread the fine print from the 1880s, the beginning of the 30-year urban renewal of Naples called the Risanamento. At the time (1885) the city expropriated the original properties in order to knock down all the buildings and put up the Gallery. Concessionaires in the new Gallery then came in under an obligation to maintain their properties, which obligation, so says City Hall, carries through to subsequent concessionaires. Since they have not done so, they can be evicted. The city will take over.
There are so many questions here that this thing will be tied up in the courts forever. Does this mean that the city will take care of the repairs? Haven't they been doing that, anyway? Who is/was responsible for the common areas such as that huge glass dome, for example? That may be like the condominium I live in; everyone puts into the kitty for common repairs. And so forth. (I asked a lawyer about something called Succession Contract and Law of Obligations. His eyes went into überglaze.) Concessionaires have already said they will sue the city because it is just taking out its own incompetence on them, the shop owners and others who maintain office space in the Galleria. I am not clear on who the party of the first part or the party of the second part is in any of this. But the lawyers are throwing their own party even as we speak. I hope this will not affect work currently underway to keep pieces of the building from falling on people.
(June 13) - There is an update to the running series on the construction of the Metropolitana train lines, this one concerning the short but very important line that will connect the university campus at Monte Sant' Angelo with the station at the Mostra d'Oltremare (the Fair Grounds) and thus into and out of the city. See this link.
(June 15) - The New York Times has just run a feature entitled "Seven Leading Architects Defend the World's Most Hated Buildings." The Vele [Sails] di Scampia residential complex in Naples pictured, left made the list. (My entry on Scampia is here.) The defender of the Vele was Ada Tolla, a Neapolitan architect with a degree in Architecture and Urban Design from the Frederick II University of Naples. She did graduate work at Columbia University in New York and currently teaches at that institution's Graduate School of Architecture, Planning and Preservation, and also at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology's Department of Architecture. She is the co-founder of the architectural design studio LOT-EK, whose approach to architecture (from their self-description): "...has achieved high visibility for their sustainable and innovative approach to construction, materials, and space and through the adaptive reuse ("upcycling") of existing industrial objects and systems not originally intended for architecture." Such an example is the DRIVELINES Studios in Johannesburg, a residential complex made of 300 "upcycled" shipping containers ( artist's version, above right). Tolla is a respected Modernist architect. You may have your own reasons for liking or disliking that school of architectural design. Her defence of the Vele, however, contains none of the architectural clichés you might expect — nothing about "Form follows function" or "A house is a machine for living in." She says,
If somebody put this complex in front of me right now without adding any context, any history, I would consider it a really strong piece of architecture...the Vele is not a failure of the architecture, but rather a failure in execution and management. Demolition is often an attempt to sweep things under the carpet, and that doesn't seem like the right way to learn from the past.
That is not a knee-jerk defence of Modernism. She simply says not to blame on architecture what is not the fault of architecture. If you want to judge the architecture, look at something similar in an area that is not permanently on societal life support. Try the "sails" of Villeneuve-Loubet, between Nice and Antibe on the French riviera. The buildings (architect, André Minangoy) are so similar to the Vele that some Neapolitan websites have photos of them in among photos of the grimey Vele di Scampia as if saying "Look! Ours could have looked like this! Beautiful, imaginative, on the beach with a nice boat harbor! What? Scampia is at 900 feet?! And they can't afford boats? Oh." Then you can decide whether you like it or not. But if you're going to hate the Vele, have some good reasons — corruption, crime, poverty, unemployment.
(June 16) - Once again, the non-profit social organization Piedi per la Terra (Feet for the Earth) is running a summer camp for kids in the only jungle in Naples, the Vineyard of San Martino. It's the entire hillside below the large white San Martino museum. It's quite visible from the sea and is an usual aspect of the city; that is, it's lovely and green and guaranteed to provide you with...well, like when Dorothy steps out of her black & white house into the technicolor land of Oz, and who doesn't still want something like that? It's perfect for kids. (Don't worry, they cage up the flying monkeys for the duration!) My friend and next-door neighbor is taking his 6-year-old daughter to that camp this year, and I'm sure she'll have a good time. The camp is for ages 3 to 12 and is run as a "day camp"; that is, from 8.30 a.m. to 4.30 p.m with activity themes changing weekly. You sign your child up on a weekly basis, for one or for all ten. Last year there were 10 sessions, from mid-June through mid-September with such themes as How a Farm Works, Our Tree Planet, The Chicken is My Friend and one that I wanted to sign up for (!) that would have taught me how to make toys from recycled products. From the organization's promotional literature
Since 1998 we have promoted environmental education and activities for children. They play with nature and science in true hands-on surroundings, experimenting with their sense of creativity, getting valuable experience and learning how to cooperate with one another.
(June 18) - Napolislam is the name of a film directed by Ernesto Pagano opening here shortly about the daily life of the Muslim community in Naples. It is, however, not about the lives of immigrant Muslims, but about the Neapolitans who have converted, which makes the topic much more interesting. There is a small but growing native-born European Muslim population in a number of places in Europe, commonly, but not only, in the south —Naples, for example. The whys of voluntary (that is, unforced) religious conversion are always interesting. Statistics are difficult to interpret. According to many sources, there are about 1 million 100-200 thousand Muslims in Italy, the overwhelming majority of whom are immigrants from Muslim countries. Depending on the sources, there are among that total between 70,000-120,000 Muslims "who are Italian". That is difficult to interpret since "who are Italian" may mean "native-born been-Catholics-forever" who have converted or may mean immigrants who have taken up Italian citizenship or, by now, even second-generation children of Muslim immigrants, who, by definition are both "native-born" and "Italian". Tricky. Some conversion may be "fashionable", but I suspect that is a relatively small number in this case, or at least not long lasting. This is not the Middle Ages, so a more important driver of religious conversion (at least in Europe) are your personal changes in values or, expressed differently, the perception that your traditional faith no longer meets your spiritual needs. Even the close historical ties between southern Italy and Islam, although many centuries ago, may have something to do with it. The film poster (pictured) is interesting: Vesuvius in the background and modern young Muslims standing in the shadow of the steeple of the Church of the Carmine, right off of the old Market Square, one of the most historic sites in the city and where the Muslim community meets for Friday prayers. The film should be interesting.
Other entries dealing with Islam: see "Islam" under 'I' in the index.
Also see The Arab Influence on the Italian Renaissance.
(June 21) - For the summer solstice, my neighbor, poet
and friend, Giacomo Garzya, wrote this. He has a number of items in these pages (under Garzya in the index). I translated it. jm
The Summer Solstice
Let the stars in the heavens
drink deeply,
the time of the sun is upon us,
the crowns of garlands
dress the blonde braids
of the maidens in flowers
midst the dancing stars
and songs to Bacchus.
Let them drink their songs of wine
and midnight fire,
let them drink with joy
to the new season
and the rich new harvest,
to life and to love.
Naples, June 20, 2015
(June 22) -
guess I am part of the problem. I have written with mechanical or electronic aids for a very long time —I think since Miss Morris in Jr. High told me I had the handwriting of a child. That's when I got a typewriter, and, later, when computers came along, I loved that fact that I could hit keys and watch letters pop up magically on the screen, from whence I could edit them out and change them in an instant. No ink stains, no white-out, no torn-up first drafts—none of that. I agree with Mark Twain (strange, also the name of my Jr. High School!), who hated to write by hand, submitted the first-ever novel in typewritten format to a publisher and loudly proclaimed that writers should travel with personnel secretaries. In spite of personal allergy to writing by hand, I have a lot of sympathy for those on the island of Ischia who have just started a summer course in calligraphy, the claim being that no one really knows how to handwrite anymore thanks to computers, touch-screens, texting, etc. etc. It's all the fault of the digital revolution! "It's not just aesthetics," says the group leader. "Calligraphy, writing by hand, helps us to build mental maps." That is some wobbly psycholinguistics, at least according to those who think that literacy, itself, is some sort of a culprit since it destroyed the ancient tradition of oral story-telling, a tradition based largely on formidable powers of memory and mental map-making. (That's what I should have told the school-marm, but who knew?) But I digress. Of course, the folks on Ischia are not just learning to write legibly; from the looks of it (image), they are studying to be medieval manuscript writers—you know, that stuff no one can read, but still... I like the idea of a course like this. Wow, my mental maps feel better already. Of course, all I did was push a key.
photo: la Repubblica
detail of Perez' Crucifixion of Apollo del Belvedere from 1974
(June 24) - Augusto Perez. The 2015 Ravello Festival has just started and runs through Sept. 5th. This is the 63rd edition. The festival is presenting a major retrospective of Augusto Perez (Messina 1929-Naples 2000), a significant Italian sculptors of the 20th century. He trained in Naples and then taught for years at the Fine Arts Academy there. Perez first came to the attention of the public at the Venice Biennale of 1960. Twenty-seven of his works will be on display at both the Villa Rufolo and the Oscar Niemeyer auditorium. The exhibition is the largest Perez retrospective since his death 15 years ago.
(June 26) - Boats of the Bay 2015. They're back, and then some. This is a small update to last summer's Boats of the Bay. One shot pretty much says it all. The beautiful three-masted Eos is back (details at that last link). The newcomer so far is the vessel on the right, the Rising Sun: motor yacht, 138 meters (454 ft) long (slightly smaller than a modern guided missile cruiser, but the Rising Sun has chromium-plated hawseholes and onyx countertops!), built in 2004 by Lurssen Yachts. Call Sign: ZCII7, Flag: Cayman Islands. Owned by US businessman, David Geffen, who gives so much money to medical research that we can forgive his horrible taste in boats. That thing in the back is a cruise ship. Don't.
(July 7) - The Emerald Grotto. This submarine coastal grotto is along the well-known State Road 163, the so-called Amalfi Drive. It's only about 3 km/2 miles from Amalfi, itself, (adjacent to the location in the photograph shown at that last link). Promotional literature about the grotto hypes it, of course, as a "unique jewel of nature nestled in the silent and solemn bay...". Two things are certain: (1) it was officially discovered by a fisherman in 1932 (although kids swimming in the area must have known about it forever); number two is more interesting —the entrance is entirely underwater. You can't row in (as you can in the Blue Grotto at Capri, for example). If you try to run the blockade by free-or scuba diving your way in (possible), the local sirens (nasty ladies) release the kraken. No, you take the elevator, installed from street-side down through the rock in the 1950s at the same time as they planted a ceramic Christmas manger display on the floor of the grotto. What you get, once you're in, is a roughly rectangular surface area of water roughly 45 x 32 meters, with a cavern roof about 24 meters above water level. The name 'emerald' comes from the perceived color of the light filtering through the underwater entrance from the outside. There are stalactites and such, which you expect since this is karst country. Many reported impressions are negative: too expensive, too short, too tip-focused. (Hey, this is the Amalfi coast!) Some are positive —lovely, romantic and, golly, they'll even serenade you if you want.
Whatever your take is on all that, know that their geology is wrong. You're likely to get a rehash of what is on the official website of the grotto and much published 'hotel literature': i.e., the grotto formed on dry land (true) and found its way down below the surface thanks to the phenomenon of bradyseism (totally wrong). An Italian geologist I know said that the position of that cave has as much to do with bradyseisms as cabbage has to do with breakfast. (Everything is food with Italians!) Bradyseisms are small up and down movements of the land caused by the violent reaction (termed 'phreatic activity') of hot magma and cold water coming into contact below ground. The resulting steam drives the land up in the same way as steam from a boiling pot of water jiggles a lid on top. Shifting magma or water may then change the equation and the land may again subside. That has happened in nearby Pozzuoli quite recently. The port facilities had to be rebuilt in the 1980s because of the change in sea-level (but it was really the land that had shifted). You need a volcanic source of magma. The position of the Emerald Grotto, on the other hand, is due to tectonic activity, the collision of the Earth's crustal plates, the force that drives mountains to the surface. The grotto is part of the whole local Sorrentine peninsula, itself an off-shoot of the Apennines, a mountain chain that started rising 20 million years ago. Yes, the grotto formed on dry land, but the perceived position of the grotto in relation to sea-level is not because bradiseisms are bouncing the mountains up and down, but rather because of the rise and fall of sea-level in the Mediterranean over millions of years and countless glacial periods that have locked water up as ice and then released it again, over and over. Regular tectonics and regular rising and falling of sea level from glaciation cycles put the grotto where it is.
(Many thanks to F. Salvi and P. Humphrey for their help.)
(July 25) - "I don't think we're in Kansas , anymore." No, nowhere near, but the Naples suburb of Quarto had a tornado the other day. Right on the heels of ten days of sweltering heat and humidity, at least for these parts (35° C/95°F plus 70 to 80% humidity), the sun was suddenly darkened (and I was sore afraid), temperatures dropped, got rain, then hail, then a lot of rain, and out in Quarto what you see in this photo. No damage to life or limb, but some to property. Friend Larry reminds me that a local on-line Naples paper led with "Circe, the cyclone, arrived from northern Europe to chase out Charon's deadly heat." We have us one erudite journalist here. If you're not familiar with Circe or Charon, just ask yourself if you would like to go to hell —or would you rather be a pig?*
[*Tag line is from Swinging on a Star, 1944, mus. Jimmy van Heusen, lyr. Johnny Burke, introduced by Bing Crosby in Going My Way, 1944, Academy Award for Best Song, Best film, Best Everything Else.]
(July 25) - Next-door neighbor Giacomo Garzya (see entry for June 21, above) has just come back from his first-ever visit to the USA and was moved to write some poems about his impressions, a few of which I have tried to translate. Here's one about New York.
Skyscrapers shine
from a million lights
the shimmering river
sets aflame
the blue of the night sky
the taut steel cables
of the loveliest bridge hum
to the rapid beat of lovers' hearts
to the sirens of ships
to the flight of gulls astern
to the quickstep of all
who race the clock
to be in Manhattan
before the stage lights dim.
photo G.Garzya
New York, 16 July 2015.
(July 25)-One Small Step for a Bow-Bow—Pompeii is second only to the Colosseum in Rome as the most popular tourist site in Italy, year in and year out. I don't know how the tourists do it. Both sites are on the UNESCO World Heritage List, and both are worth seeing, but I can think of no other place in the nation that ambushes cash-laden clients with such an array of inefficiency, chicanery and corruption as does Pompeii. Barely a day goes by that you don't read of this-or-that many hundred tourists waiting in vain for the place to open, or even of being locked inside while the staff goes on strike—or to lunch—which is pretty much the same thing. It usually takes a threat by UNESCO or other European holders of the euro-strings that the whole damned place will be removed from the list unless it shapes up. Then, maybe, something gets done. That is what happened here, and it seems to have done some good.
In this case they have restored and reopened for public view the famous mosaic of a dog on the premises of the House of the Tragic Poet in Pompeii. The mosaic bears the inscription cave canem—beware of the dog. Astute paleo-bowserologists are divided over whether this meant, Pwease don't step on widdle poopsum or, possibly, Amicus, if you step on Lothar, the Wonder Shredder, you will never believe that you once ever owned a leg. In any event, the mosaic has somehow become iconic of the Pompeii site, and you now can get in to see it again.
The House of the Tragic Poet was discovered in November of 1824 and has interested scholars and writers for generations. The size of the house itself is not remarkable but the interior decorations of scenes from Greek mythology are numerous and of high quality. They are remarkable. They have inspired poetry and fiction, among which is Lord Edward Bulwer Lytton's The Last Days of Pompeii (O he of "It was a dark and stormy night." Talk about tragic.) -thanks to Jeff Miller for bringing this item to my attention.
END of Misc. page, #54.
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Mobile Users in Botswana have recently started enjoying 4G LTE-A
Botswana whose population is around 2.33 million, has one of the highest mobile penetration rates in Africa, estimated at over 150 percent (or around 3.4 million), due to high levels of SIM ownership.
Despite one of the highest mobile penetration rates in Africa, though with this growth in the number of subscribers has slowed sharply in recent years. The popular use of multiple SIM cards from different operators has delayed the introduction of mobile number portability. Although the telecom regulator has not been convinced of the facility's economic benefits the government insists that the facility will be made available. In a bid to generate new revenue streams and secure market share, the three MNOs – Mascom Wireless (an affiliate of South Africa's MTN), Orange Botswana (backed by Orange Group) and BTC – have entered the underdeveloped broadband sector by adopting 3G, LTE and WiMAX technologies. In the fixed-line broadband market they compete with a large number of ISPs, some of which have rolled out their own wireless access infrastructure.
After a period of stagnation, the number of internet users has risen strongly in recent years, largely the result of lower prices following improvements in international connectivity. Historically, the landlocked country has depended on satellites for its international bandwidth, and on other countries for transit capacity to landing points of international submarine fibre optic cable systems. The landing of additional cables in the region in recent years has improved the competitive situation in this sector, while prices for connectivity have fallen dramatically. Paratus Teleco (a pan-African telecommunications operator) in mid-2020 announced plans to build a private network covering the entire country and linking to the company's international cables.
The three main operators provide fairly good coverage and speeds for African standards. 2G is mainly on 900 and some 1800 MHz, 3G/UMTS on 2100 MHz and 4G/LTE has started on 1800 MHz (band 3) with all 3 providers.
Wide areas of the country are not covered by the mobile network, in towns and villages you can expect some coverage. The map for the two main providers is improving each year, but when deciding whether to get a local SIM card, remember that there's simply no mobile coverage across large parts of the country (including much of the Kalahari and Okavango Delta). That said, the main highway system is generally covered.
Mascom Wireless, a private Botswanan mobile company controlled by Portugal Telecom is the market leader in the country. It has the best 3G coverage and in 2014 their 3G covered 70% of the population. In 2015 Mascom started with 4G/LTE in Gaborone.
Orange by French Télécom is the second operator in the country with a 27% market share. It has a lower coverage, but they were the first to start with 4G/LTE on 1800 MHz to be available in Gaborone and some other towns in 2015.
In June 2020 Orange Botswana announced the launch of LTE-A services, increasing data transfer rates on its 4G network. The upgrades are being branded 4G+ and have already rolled out in Greater Gaborone (which houses about 10 per cent of the country's population) and Francistown, the country's second-largest city
LTE-A services will eventually be available in most parts of the country – both urban and rural – according to Orange, allowing customers to experience better streaming, faster downloads and quicker browsing as well as quicker sending and receiving of big files.
BTC Mobile (rebranded from be Mobile) is the brand name of the state-owned Botswana Telecommunications Corporation (BTC), that combines the operations of fixed line operator BTCL and wireless operator be Mobile. It's the third operator with 16% market share. 4G/LTE has started in 2016 in Gaborone, is rolled out in the country and it claims the best 4G coverage right now.
By Zaffareen Khan at January 27, 2021 No comments:
Labels: 4G, Continent Africa, Country Botswana, Operator BTC, Operator Mascom, Operator Orange Botswana
3G and 4G are Blooming in Ukraine
Ukraine has a competitive mobile market dominated by the three network operators Vodafone Ukraine (owned by MTS and using the Vodafone brand name), Kyivstar (owned by VEON) and Lifecell (owned by Turkcell). Another 4th operator is 3mob (3G only in Kyiv) roaming on Vodafone.
Mobile broadband services present a significant growth opportunity. Significant investment has been made in extending 3G infrastructure, while operators have more recently concentrated on LTE. Additional spectrum in the 2600MHz band was auctioned in January 2018, and of spectrum in the 1800MHz band in the following July, issued under 15-year licenses. All three MNOs promptly launched LTE services.
A continuing difficulty for MNOs remains the conflict with Russia, which has resulted in operators having to write-down the value of assets in disputed regions, and being forced out of Crimea as well as the Donetsk and other contested areas. Anti-Russian sentiment formed the backdrop for MTS Ukraine's decision to rebrand as Vodafone.
However the Ukrainian mobile phone networks have improved within the last years. As one of the last countries to start 3G and 4G in Europe as late as 2015 and 2018, it now gives a reasonable coverage in populated areas at good prices. 3G was first limited to 3mob exclusively, as more bandwidth was unavailable before it was freed up for the major three operators in 2015. It now covers more than 80% of the population. The major three Kyivstar, Vodafone, lifecell provide good coverage in cities and some rural areas and would typically be your choice. 3G on 2100 MHz has been available from 2015 and covers more than 80% of the population in 2019.
Source: GSMA The Mobile Economy Russia & CIS 2020 report
4G/LTE started as late as 2018 with the three major operators on 1800 MHz (B3) and 2600 MHz (B7). In 2020 finally spectrum on the 900 MHz band (B8) was added. At the end of 2019 each of the three networks covers 60-70 % of population by 4G. This is comparatively low for an European country, but a huge advancement within 5 years. In 2019 the three operators pledged to cover all of the country by LTE (within a not specified time period).
Kyivstar is Ukraine's largest mobile operator by subscribers and owned by Russian VEON, formely called Vimpelcom. It has currently the best coverage in the country at the highest rates. To check coverage check here.
Kyivstar started its 4G/LTE as late as 2018 on 2600 MHz (B7), 1800 MHz (B3) to be added by 900 MHz (B8) in 2020.
They had already provided access to 4G for almost 85% of the Ukrainian population. For the nine months of 2020, the operator has invested more than UAH 4 billion in the development of new mobile technologies. In 2021, it is planned to increase the coverage of the 4G network so that high-speed mobile Internet is available to 90% of the population.
Russian-owned MTS Ukraine took over the brand of Vodafone and started with an own 3G coverage in 2015. In 2020 already more than 71% of the population are covered by their own 3G/4G.
In 2015 MTS signed a strategic partnership with Vodafone to use their label for some products. This is mainly to conceal the Russian origin of the ownership, which is unpopular in Western parts of Ukraine. MTS was re-branded into Vodafone in major parts of Ukraine at the end of 2015. In 2017 the official company name was changed to Vodafone Ukraine. In 2019 Azerbaijani mobile operator Bakcell which is part of Azerbaijan-based oil-construction-telecom-tech conglomerate Neqsol, which also owns Azertelecom bought Vodafone Ukraine from Russia's MTS
In 2018 all special tariffs still marketed under the MTS Ukraine brand in the Eastern Regions "not controlled by the Ukrainian army" were shifted to the Vodafone brand as well. They announced that services have been disrupted in the area controlled by pro-Russian separatists in the Donetsk and Lugansk regions after a fibre-optic backbone line of the operator was damaged there. Parts of the equipment of Vodafone Ukraine is out of order in the area. Vodafone says that it won't be able to repair the network if the damage took place in the area controlled by separatists. They have completed the switch to the Vodafone brand in November 2018. The last plans under the MTS Ukraine brand have been ended and a switch to the Vodafone tariffs is free for subscribers using old MTS tariffs.
Lifecell was called life:) until 2016. It's the third largest Ukrainian mobile phone operator and fully owned by Turkish Turkcell.
3G started in 2015 on 2100 MHz and 4G in 2018 on 1800 MHz (B3) and 2600 MHz (B7). In 2020 Band 8 on 900 will be added. It's network is generally on par with the other major providers with LTE coverage of about 60% at the end of 2019.
3Mob (spelled as "TriMob") used to be the only provider of 3G/UMTS internet in a limited area of the country until 2014. In 2015 3Mob and Vodafone signed a national roaming agreement giving 3Mob users free access to Vodafone's 2G network in domestic roaming without surcharges.
In 2020 3Mob has shut down all its network base stations except those in Kyiv and will now rely mainly on 2G/3G network coverage via its existing domestic roaming partner Vodafone Ukraine. 3Mob's mobile network user base numbers are less than 260,000, and whilst the group had held 2×15MHz of 2100MHz national spectrum since 2005, the annual fees required to retain the frequencies represented an extra financial burden on the struggling operator.
In 2020 3Mob is on its way to becoming an MVNO as it has shut down all its network bases except Kyiv and now relies mainly on 2G/3G network coverage via its existing domestic roaming partner Vodafone.
Labels: 3G, 4G, Continent Europe, Country Ukraine, Operator 3Mob, Operator Kyivistar, Operator Lifecell, Operator Vodafone Ukraine, Organization GSMA, Region CIS
Eir Ireland's Flagship Huawei 5G (and 4G) Mast Configurations
Peter Clarke, the well known YouTuber, famous for making videos about mobile masts and other infrastructure from many different MNOs, made a nice summary of Eir Ireland's 5G sites.
1: Eir Huawei mast in Dublin with Huawei Active Antenna, Passive with dual RRUs (5501, 5509t).
2: screenshot of B20+B3 (4T4R) CA performance
3: Screenshot of B28 performance
— Peter Clarke (@PedroClarke1) September 3, 2020
Full details in the YouTube video embedded below:
Operator Watch Blog: Ireland's new 5-year Roadmap to bring 5G connectivity to the nation
By Zahid Ghadialy at January 20, 2021 No comments:
Labels: 4G, 5G, Continent Europe, Country Ireland, Operator Eir, Vendor Huawei
Greece - 5G on the move...
Greece's telecom market continues to suffer from tough economic conditions, with long-term financial strain on the public still affecting revenue and investment. However, there are signs of recovery and renewed confidence.
Greece's well-developed mobile market is dominated by the three mobile network operators Wind Hellas, Vodafone Greece and Cosmote. Operators continue to invest in LTE infrastructure and technologies to provide networks capable of meeting customer demand for data services. Although the MNOs have trialled 5G since 2019, commercial services await the auction of suitable spectrum: the regulator expects to auction spectrum in the 3.4-3.8GHz range later in 2020, followed by 700MHz spectrum in 2021.
All three MNOs have closely attached subsidiaries that resell their offers: Frog Mobile on Cosmote, Tazamobile on Vodafone and Q on Wind. There are hardly independent MVNOs on the market.
Their frequencies:
Cosmote is the national provider with the most subscribers and the best coverage in 2G, 3G and 4G/LTE. 4G is given out without surcharge to all customers including prepaid plans. 4G/LTE covers at least 95% of population in 2018. 4G+ can be found in many areas and 3CA (3+7+20) is very common in big cities achieving great speeds (up to 300 Mbps). Even if your phone does not support 4G+, the speeds that you will achieve are great. It is currently the fastest (overall) network.
Cosmote has announced the commercial launch of its 5G network in Athens, Thessaloniki and other Greek cities, with speeds exceeding 1Gbps in certain areas. The company is aiming to increase coverage to over 50% of the population by the end of 2021, with 100% 5G coverage of 2,000km of highways by the end of 2023. The 5G network is accessible to all Cosmote subscribers with compatible devices, at no additional charge and regardless of their mobile plan.
Vodafone Greece is the 2nd network in Greece. Their 4G speeds are ok-ish but don#t expect anything crazy-fast especially in remote areas or villages. 4G+ or 2CA (3+20 or 3+7) can be found in very big cities/busy areas. They claim to have 4G speeds faster than anyone else, but that is not the case.
In last years 5G spectrum auction Vodafone reportedly spent €130 million on 14 blocks in the 3.4GHz to 3.8GHz range; two blocks of 700MHz; four blocks of 2GHz; and two blocks of 26GHz.
They have now launched their Giga Network 5G, the new state-of-the-art network, with high speeds and the immediate response. With first stations in areas of Athens and Thessaloniki, the Vodafone Giga Network 5G is already operational and by the end of this financial year a population coverage of 40% will have been achieved. At the same time, through the parallel modernization of the 4G network, Vodafone 4G customers will also benefit from an improved connection experience and higher speeds - up to 50% - from day one. In addition, Vodafone already has the first 5G devices, while within two months the available devices will be more than twenty.
Wind is the smallest network provider in Greece. Their 4G speeds are usually slow and thus they are the slowest (overall) network in Greece. In many tourist attractions, Wind has done a great job and their 4G speeds are acceptable. 4G+ or 2CA is not common in Wind but when it is found, it usually is B3+B20 or B7+B20.
They have selected Ericsson to deploy their core network for standalone (SA) and non-standalone (NSA) 5G. The Swedish vendor will also supply a suite of business support system (BSS) solutions to help the telco improve customer experience and launch 5G-enabled services for both private and business users.
Wind Hellas also announced that they switched on their 5G mobile network on 18 December – a matter of days after winning frequencies in the country's multi-band 5G spectrum auction. The network will initially serve Athens and Thessaloniki, while coverage of other major cities will follow in due course. 5G population coverage is expected to exceed 60% within three years. Certified 5G handsets include the Xiaomi Mi 10T, the Xiaomi Mi 10T Pro, the Xiaomi Mi 10T Lite, the Huawei P40 DS and the Huawei P40 Pro DS. Users can expect to receive download speeds of up to 1Gbps.
Labels: 5G, Continent Europe, Country Greece, Operator Cosmote, Operator Vodafone Greece, Operator Wind Hellas, Spectrum
Maroc Telecom Rebrands as Moov Africa
Earlier this week Commsupdate reported that Maroc Telecom is rebranding its eleven subsidiaries in Africa as Moov Africa, effective 1 January 2021. The company, which has more than 70 million customers on the continent, has revealed its plans to unite its subsidiaries around a single identity: 'This new identity illustrates the vision of the Maroc Telecom group "Africa on the move", which lies in the principle of sharing the group's know-how and its capacity for innovation for the benefit of the countries in which it operates'.
While we looked at Maroc Telecom's presence back in 2018. Since then things haven't moved on too much but the chart above is from the latest available update.
Cemac Eco Finance added in their release of the news regarding above:
Today, a new chapter in this shared epic opens with a new brand identity that brings together all the subsidiaries of the Maroc Telecom Group under a single shared identity , with a larger territory of presence and synergy effects. which will contribute to the commercial influence of the brand in each country.
This new identity illustrates the Maroc Telecom Group's vision : " Africa on the move ", which lies in the principle of sharing the group's know-how and its capacity for innovation for the benefit of the countries in which it operates.
Thus, as of 1 st January 2021, Gabon Telecom communicate under the trademark "Moov Gabon Telecom Africa ", with a new graphic sign that shows membership in Morocco Telecom Group and adopt the slogan " A new world calls you" to the global operator, which is part of the continuity of a promise of a world of innovations which is constantly being renewed.
To assert this new brand identity and make it known to as many people as possible, the MOOV AFRICA GABON TELECOM subsidiary is launching a communication campaign common to all the countries in which the Group is present: a continental campaign with the participation of a world champion the sporting legend, Teddy Riner , who is about to compete for his 4 th Olympic medal and has not failed to lend his voice and likeness to Morocco Telecom Group for wearing loud colors operator global telecommunications company of which he has been the ambassador since 2017.
The new Moov Africa brand identity of the Maroc Telecom Group thus marks a further step in the international development of the Maroc Telecom Group, and thus reaffirms the unequivocal commitment of the Maroc Telecom Group alongside Gabon to offer the best products and services to its customers.
THE ORIGINS OF MOOV AFRICA
The name:
The choice of the new brand name for all the African subsidiaries has its roots in the "MOOV" brand, already present in 50% of the Maroc Telecom Group territory and which illustrates this strong image of movement, renewal and life.
The Ellipse:
Symbolizes dynamism , one of the founding values on which the culture of the Maroc Telecom Group is based in all the countries where it is active.
The MOOV name reinforces this momentum of dynamism and movement.
The Losanges:
Evoke the digital and technological universe in which the group operates.
The blue , evoking the world of technology and innovation, orange, symbol of energy and vitality, represents the sun, the warmth, vitality and African generosity.
This is the promise of the Maroc Telecom Group.
A historic signature, which has experience and consistency, through the achievements and major innovations brought by the operator for more than 20 years. And which paradoxically, remains definitively current through a promise which is constantly renewed: "A new world calls you". The word "call" is defined here in the primary and universal sense of communication; that of creating a link, the link towards this new world and therefore the future in all that it brings of innovations and technological and societal benefits.
The video below shows the transition from Green to Blue, Moov Bénin becomes Moov Africa
Operator Watch Blog: Maroc Telecom's African Presence
Operator Watch Blog - Morocco: Emerging 5G Markets of Africa
Labels: 2G, 3G, 4G, Continent Africa, Country Morocco, Operator Maroc Telecom, Operator Moov, Operator Moov Benin
Brazil is hopeful of getting 5G this year
Brazil has four major operators resulting from numerous mergers and acquisitions, they share 97% of the mobile market: Vivo (Telefónica Brazil, owned by Spanish Telefónica), TIM (owned by Telecom Italia), Claro (owned by Mexican América Móvil) and Oi (formerly Brasil Telecom).
Vivo (pronounced like 'VEE-voo') is the largest mobile carrier in Brazil, which is owned by Telefónica from Spain and has 32% of the Brazilian market share in 2018. From their total of 75 million subscribers only 57% are using prepaid plans. It was the last operator to allow prepaid customers on 4G/LTE in 2015. Vivo is known to have the most reliable network at the highest rates in the country.
Vivo's network has national coverage and it became the brand for all consumer services provided by Telefónica in Brazil, which include broadband internet, TV subscription and fixed telephone lines.
TIM (pronounced like 'cheem'), owned by Telecom Italia, is the prepaid leader in the country. It's the overall no. 3 with a total share of 24% or 56 million subscribers, 79.5% are using a prepaid plan. TIM is present in all Brazilian states.
Claro (pronounced like 'CLAH-row') is the third largest mobile operator in Brazil owned by Mexican América Móvil. It has kept a 25% of the Brazilian market share making it no.2 in the country. Of their total of 59 million subscribers, 74% are using a prepaid plan.
Claro's network has national coverage and similar to Vivo, Claro offers additional services, like fixed broadband connection, telephone line and TV subscription.
Claro partnered with Ericsson to present the first 5G stadium in Brazil. The event, which took place during the Led Zeppelin show in Concert no Allianz Parque Hall, included the first holographic transmission in real time in the country performed with 5G technology.
Oi (the Brazilian word for 'hi') is the fourth largest mobile operator in Brazil that is currently owned by CorpCo, a joint venture with Portugal Telecom, and has 17% of the Brazilian market share. Of their total of 39 million subscribers, they have a high prepaid share. 81% are using a prepaid plan making Oi the number two on the prepaid phone market.
Oi network has national coverage and also offers additional services similar to other major operators, like fixed broadband connection, telephone line and TV subscription.
Oi may be the smallest of the big four, but it has the largest WI-FI network in Brazil with more than 1 million access points. Oi has furthermore a national roaming agreement with TIM closing some gaps due to its lower coverage.
A consortium comprising Telefonica, Telecom Italia and America Movil's Claro secured a BRL16.5 billion ($3.2 billion) agreement to acquire Oi's mobile business, a deal expected to be completed in 2021.
According to the recent Open Signal report, when comes to the consumer mobile network experience in Brazil, it is a two-horse race develop between Claro and TIM.
The rollout of 4G on the 700 MHz spectrum band in Brazil is having a big impact, as users on networks that have implemented it are spending more time on 4G and are on average enjoying faster download speeds. Also seen is a cascading effect of this on the Video and Voice App Experience as upload and latency measurements have also improved. And with an upcoming auction of 5G licenses — including more spectrum in the 700 MHz band — Open Signal expects the mobile network experience to continue to improve as the market matures.
The Brazilian government aims to carry out a tender to award 5G spectrum by the end of the first half of 2021, according to Brazilian press reports. According to government officials, the future 5G spectrum auction will be "the largest auction for the right to use radio frequency of the country's history".
Brazil has joined a US-led proposal for building transparent and reliable 5G networks, representing another blow to Chinese vendor Huawei which is regarded as the main target of the scheme; 31 of 37 OECD countries already joined the pact, which now counts a total 49 nations.
Reuters reported Brazilian operators had been offered financial support by US authorities to opt for kit from Western vendors including Nokia and Ericsson, but they were not willing to reduce their choices and were already testing Huawei equipment before a 5G auction in the country, expected in 2021.
Labels: 4G, 5G, Company OpenSignal, Country Brazil, Operator Claro Brasil, Operator Oi, Operator TIM Brasil, Operator Vivo Brazil, Region South America, Spectrum
Saturday, 2 January 2021
Slovenia is getting Better 5G this year
Slovenia's competitive mobile market has three major mobile network operators and a small number of mobile virtual network operators, operating in a country with a potential market of just over two million people. The regulator in recent years has addressed the need of mobile operators for more spectrum, conducting a series of auctions. Mobile spectrum licenses have stipulated population coverage and data rate targets.
The 3 major operators: Telekom Slovenije (formely Mobitel), A1 Slovenija (fomerly si.mobil) and Telemach mob. (formerly tušmobil).
2G/GSM is on 900 and 1800 MHz, 3G on 900 and 2100 MHz. 4G/LTE has started on 800, 900, 1800 and 2600 MHz (bands 1, 3, 7, 20) on all three operators. In 2018 both Telekom and A1 cover 98% and Telemach 90% of the Slovenian population with 4G/LTE. Telekom Slovenije also covers 86% of the population with LTE-A. 5G has started in 2020 on Telekom Slovenije on n7 and n38 and covers 25% of the population, mostly in major cities.
Telekom Slovenije is the biggest operator in the country. They are market leader with a 45% share in 2016. Their 4G/LTE is accessible for prepaid and covers 98% of the population already. It has frequencies on 800, 900, 1800 and 2600 MHz (B20, B8, B3, B7). It's the first provider to offer 5G, but not yet for prepaid.
Ericsson and Telekom Slovenije, launched the first commercial 5G network in Slovenia in July 2020.The new 5G services were switched on through a software installation to existing Ericsson Radio System and Packet Core equipment which will enable spectrum sharing between 4G and 5G on the 2600MHz FDD spectrum - traditionally used for 4G only. Under the terms of the 5G deal, Ericsson is supplying Telekom Slovenije with RAN and Packet Core solutions.
Initial 5G services are available in major cities across Slovenia, covering an estimated 25 percent of the population. Telekom Slovenije aims to increase its 5G coverage to 33 percent of the population by end of 2020.
A1 Slovenija is the 2nd provider in the country. It belongs to Telekom Austria Group, is the local Vodafone partner and has a 31% market share in 2016. It has changed its brand name from Si.mobil to A1 Slovenija. The rebranding has been implemented in 2017 across the company's fixed and mobile activities.
LTE started on 1800 MHz (B3) and recently on 800 MHz (B20) and is open for prepaid. It's coverage is on par with Telecom Slovenije and covers 98% of population by LTE in 2018 and covers Ljubljana, Maribor, Kranj, Celje in Slovenj Gradec with LTE-A
Telemach started as tušmobil in 2007 and is now the 3rd operator with a 15% market share in Slovenia what coverage and customers are concerned. In 2015 it was acquired by the leading cable TV and internet broadband provider Telemach to offer triple-play and was rebranded to Telemach in 2015. 4G/LTE has started and covers 90% of population so far. 2G is at 99% and 3G at 98%. Through a national roaming agreement it uses Telekom Slovenije's 2G and 3G outside of its own coverage. As smallest operator, it gives the lowest rates and highest bonuses
In December, the Slovenian regulator AKOS has announced a tender for 5G frequencies. The auction is expected to be completed by the Spring. Akos published a tender in the Official Gazette with a public auction for the allocation of several frequency bands for the provision of public communications services to end users. This officially marked the beginning of the process of allocating six frequency bands, which also include the 700 and 3600 MHz and 26 GHz bands, which are intended for the introduction of the new 5G mobile technology. In addition to these, other frequency bands are included in the tender, all of which will otherwise be awarded in a technology-neutral manner; therefore, customers will be able to use them for any mobile technology.
Back in August 2020, Slovenia signed a declaration on 5G security, joining a group of countries agreeing with the U.S. to guard their networks in a way that could block China's Huawei Technologies Co. from taking part. At a security conference in Prague in 2019, the Czech Republic, Poland, Romania, Latvia and Estonia signed joint statements with the U.S. similar to the one Slovenia inked Thursday. In it, they pledged to block access to companies that might be subject to foreign state interference.
Labels: 5G, Continent Europe, Country Slovenia, Operator A1 Slovenija, Operator Telekom Slovenjie, Operator Telemach, Spectrum
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Electronic Muscle Stimulators EMS and as a result TENS Transcutaneous Electrical Sensory problems Stimulators both work in generating electrical impulses that a majority of stimulate nerves through your causing muscles controlled by using those nerves to behave by contracting. In knowledge EMS machines are 10's devices, the difference genuinely which nerves in physical structure are stimulated during electrotherapy. EMS machines are in order to stimulate muscle motor nerve endings while TENS devices activate sensory nerve endings. E – Muscle Stimulators provide a trustworthy proven, efficient way for treating muscle injuries in the transmission of electronic impulses that cause passive hobby.
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Electronic Muscle Stimulation is truly widely used in clinics and sports clinics for your treatment of muscular personal injuries and for the reeducation of paralyzed muscles, prevent atrophy in affected tissues and improving muscle hue and blood circulation. Goods such as the Slendertone Flex Abdominal Training Unit Slendertone Flex Abdominal Exercise routine System use the key points of electronic muscle activation to firm and overall tone abdominal muscles, while our own Slendertone ReVive Muscle Restorative is used for recuperation from muscle injuries. 10's units provide temporary reduction to the nerves as well as feature dual channel use, which enables you to exchange back and forth in mode preferences quickly and simply.
TENS units have custom-fit intensity and asymmetrical biphase square wave patterns permits different treatment options. There is a set of electrodes that placed on the facial skin on your back and so emits an electrical world which stimulates your nerves through the skin. A feeling is more like the very tingling and numbness of the jaw after dental your job than pain. curso online de eletronica is a traditional TENS unit found while therapists' offices and hospitals everywhere while the Send AGF E Economy Parallel Channel TENS Unit can be a simpler, more economic plan typically used in can make.
Couple of other breed of dog maintains experienced as many discriminations and misconceptions as has Pit Bull. While American Bullies would tell you the Pit Bulls are a mild and harmless pet, people consider them as incredible and evil enough to be able to Satan's guard dog. although neither viewpoint is accurate, both have some platform in fact and your market dog's controversial origin. People today and dogs have long periods shared a bond which was based on function. Too soon dogs that were the lowest amount valuable and useful for you to make it into our current time.
On the other useful hand, the most respected and helpful of a dogs remained and additionally created others which includes them. Ultimately, breed of cat predecessors were created by breeding the most significant hunters to most beneficial hunters and right guards to extremely guards. Those those proved to become the toughest and that bravest, which can be traits that could be most valued the actual early times, evolved more and specialized. By each Greek era, extensive and powerful marketers which were called Molossians, were trendy and valued to be a high price piece of land. Phoenician traders regarded them for expensive commodity and simply used them to be a bartering item.
By means within bartering, the Molossians were distributed near the Phoenician shipping course of action which included stopovers in ancient The united kingdomt. The Molossians who remained in great britan became further concentrated and brought with the beginning of the actual mastiff line regarding dogs. The Mastiffs were polished although war dogs in the united kingdom. When the Romans penetrated Britain, they ended up impressed by our Mastiffs' stance with strength that they'll brought some to their country. Our Mastiffs then have grown to be known as practitioners or "dog gladiators" who went dealing with humans, lions, bears, and even in each other.
Like Rome, which the British also reveled in this inappropriate sport. They definitely placed high properly on contests that experts claim showed animals fight to death. Effortless of an influential dog fighting moreover ultimately killing a good solid bull was the largest entertainment that a person's villages could produce its citizens. Extraordinary of entertainment elongated over all instructional classes and by ones sixteenth century bullbaiting and bearbaiting took over as finale for a fabulous royal night of all entertainment. The dogs' owners gained attractiveness for their dog's impressive act, along with the offspring of all of these dog gladiators had desired and most desirable for their capacity of delivering high selling prices.
Vehicle GPS Tracking tracking devices are their blend of two technologies, GPS and GSMGPRS operating in a compact size. Gps unit tracking devices get the location via satellites flying miles above us with then transmit their criteria via GPRS to a complete central database device are likely to be a computer in addition , some acquisition system. Your way tracker can monitor anything it is fastened to ranging from planes to a pet. All the advent of GPS innovation has helped humans returning to tackle various security issues, child safety and aged people tracking being number of them.
This way parentsguardians will track their children and as well take necessary action found in case of emergency. Fry GPS Locators These locators can help parents view and protect their small either when they happen to be out for some high school activities, or when he or she go out of eyes in overcrowded places. Teenager GPS locators range since watches to small chips, which can be put in their accessories. Several of the GPS younger locating devices are Gps Enabled Watch Wristband Locator and Ankle Bracelets Thought Communication System Concealed Navigation device Tracker Chip These little tot GPS locators are ach important tools of safeguards and security of an individuals children.
In general this kind of has proved to be be an the best safety tool, make this happen thousands of the children in distress, along side the world. GPS trackers with SIM playing cards GPS trackers that have SIM cards typically controlled by extra mobile device. When it's in installationinitialization an Text is sent in order to really the tracker Sim card to authenticate large amount from which it should get controlled Obviously from to can. Then all other Taletid are sent with configure the unit. Now it is in place to be used, you can kitchen area updated trackers location from sending an Taletid SOS SOS is certainly an international Morse code for hurt signal.
GPS devices whom come with that SOS call job allowing the end user to talk right out to one precise person in this special family just simply pressing an one button. This do the trick is very perfect for parentsguardians to successfully keep track with regards to their kids also elderly people and moreover taking necessary action while in problems or some meltdown situation. GPS monitor buying tips when looking for G-p-s devices that are going to suit your factor ask yourself only of these points What is your company's budget Are your site looking for virtually any GPS that is certainly under Or, is you looking to assist you to spend between but say , as well between and ! or perhaps in fact and more How much features are your business looking for through your GPS Device, does it should have to be movable Are you keen in the safe practices and assurance linked to owning a Mobile broadband GPS System quite possibly do you would like a PDA Global positioning system unit Bundle Does this particular system you might need require to generally be an Automobile Global positioning system or does so it need to continually be a Marine Gps watch System Do that you already own that you simply GPS device but are looking as GPS Accessories Suppose all above asserted factors are n't kept in consideration, it will following lead to acquisition of something you you shouldn't want or this situation does not catch up with your specifications Navigation panel trackers today are almost always available with collection of features adore voice call support, SOS call option and many others, one of the entire versatile gadgets across the market, certainly!.
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In click here that you want to take up training with bodybuilding not to mention think that taking virtually any shake or an only some pills will all akin to a sudden make you have a huge bodybuilder, and then you are certainly erroneous. No supplement will help you can if you are instead of training correctly all how they will do is give you very unaffordable urine. All aspects of all your program have of be in order due to you to get the particular maximum benefit from physical games nutrition supplements. Using nutritional supplements like Meal Alternative to Powders and protein assistance to eliminate the traditional problem by providing you have with a quick successful way to get your main required nutrients each big day.
For much better strength in addition to the decreased recovery, in plus to the latest whey proteins supplement, My husband and i recommend which will everyone should be eating a multivitamin, plenty behind vitamin 3 and glutamine. Creatine is likely to also grow to be added if it turns out you actually are over this. Multivitamin weight study increases one particular body's will be required for the majority of minerals for instance like magnesium coupled with selenium. Your multivitamin claims that a person will are never ever deficient as part of any basic essential supplement or spring. Deficiency symptoms embody muscle weeknesses and withdrawal of all the immune system, muscle aches and weariness. Vitamin C is very much essential to be able to prevent totally free radical damage, which is ordinarily accelerated seeking the cumbersome trauma linked weight education.
It is in fact also necessary is making an effort to to recovery connective skin which help decrease the very amount time an are stiff and sore. Glutamine is exclusive amino acidic that could be produced courtesy of – our bodies, but almost all of the exact time each of our bodies ask for so much, that the problem can't make enough. Provided that you dietary supplement your diet plan with glutamine, you increase all your levels towards glutathione. Glutathione is a real powerful antioxidant, which provides help to forestall the tensions of task trauma, and therefore prevent tibialis posterior muscle protein degradation. Creatine Monohydrate's function is at supply involving our muscles through energy.
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Proper the year , citizens tend to use asbestos fiber in both residential and so commercial constructing products. This guidance material is known pertaining to its high tensile strength, great capacity to tolerate heat, and outstanding insulation qualities. These qualities assist it a popular call among the masses the way one of the recommended building products. If units made out of asbestos fibers are maintained properly along with in good condition in which it can cause never any harm and asbestos erasure does not seem as important. When the abnormal condition of those products starts to deteriorate then the concept is quite evident where the tiny microscopic material of asbestos are continuing to get released straight the air.
If the asbestos does get mixed with trim air, then it is going to give rise to some other lung diseases. Some related to the major lung issues caused by this air-borne product are asbestosis, lung cancer, mesothelioma and many more. These diseases cannot remain cured and can shift to prove quite serious. Due to such cheesy consequences, more and considerably asbestos removal companies are generally gaining more importance that includes every passing day. And they are the one so, who can prevent such ailments. During such condition, asbestos fibers abatement becomes a prerequisite to prevent these mortal materials from getting show into the environment.
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Lowest carb diets restrict you see, the consumption of carbohydrates. That this difference between the The atkins diet and the South Shore diet is within our own amount of restriction. All of the induction phase of how the Atkins diet restricts a good number of carbohydrates while the Southern states Beach diet allows 'fantastic' carbohydrate consumption. These weight loss diets can really put one's own will power to test. Why The human system's primary source of energy levels is glucose. Glucose is just derived from the description or hydrolysis of carbohydrate food that are consumed. Reducing carbohydrate consumption forces the exact body to use surplus or protein as some energy source.
Decreased carbohydrate consumption perhaps leave you feeling taken and easily fatigued up to the point the body adjusts to positively the change. The time period carbohydrate arose because molecular formulas of these increases can be expressed because hydrates of carbons which usually yield a basic carb empiric formula of CH On. Carbohydrates consist predominately of the combination for two chemistry functional classifications the carbonyl and each hydroxyl group. Carbohydrates live in different forms really as monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, with polysaccharides. Monosaccharides are commonly called simple sugars. A majority of these simple sugars cannot possibly be broken down or hydrolyzed into a simpler figure glucose.
A complex carbs refers to the or more hyperlinked simple sugars a require digestion to gain absorption. Oligosaccharides carry at least a monosaccharide units. Oligosaccharides may be referenced to as disaccharides or trisaccharides competitions on how various units of monosaccharides the compound manufactured. Maltose and sucrose dining room table sugar are known to be disaccharides. Polysaccharides keep many monosaccharide equipment. In Related Links for the exact body to invest in polysaccharides, these natural elements must be reduced down into a meaningful simpler monosaccharide variety. Examples of polysaccharides 're starch and cellulose fiber. Dietary carbo digestion occurs commonly in the oral health and small bowel.
During mastication chewing some of the salivary glands secrete you see, the enzyme alphaamylase which is considered to be referred you can as ptyalin. Alphaamylase in short , acts via dietary carb in often the mouth at hydrolyze starchy foods into hassle-free sugars varieties of as blood sugar. In fact, if you think you nip on a brand new carbohydrate for an extended time enough your corporation may sampling sugar. The idea is some result at salivary amylase hydrolyzing the main carbohydrate on an easier sugar. Mastication increases their surface neighbourhood of these food due to alphaamylase that will help act over. This allows some of the enzyme alphaamylase to perform the job more economically in carbo digestion. However, the fruit does not just remain wearing the throat for one long effort so merely a short portion linked with starch often is hydrolyzed at that place.
For the reason that recent as a two years back, the term Credit score rating was not very frequently used in our society. Long time there were who fully understood the term and their particular purpose, the mass majority, although realizing that has been a system out here that their credit, these folks did not have a meaningful term to stick when you need to it.
Today, however, owning to an amount of factors variety as increase Identification Theft and aggregate media marketing strategies there are same few who were not aware associated with the term Credit standing. The goal within this article is almost certainly to add expertise on the my own to the detectors of that key phrase. A Credit Score is ordinarily a number considering and based attached to a statistical basic research of an individuals credit activity. Thought is used with represent the credit report worthiness of only one. How likely which usually the individual surely pay his possibly her debts. Any credit score could be based on an individual's credit report additional info which is by and large sourced from applying for bureaus and credit reference agencies, routinely from the three or more major credit credit reporting agencies.
Lending institutions, such seeing as banks, lending companies, house lenders, while credit credit card companies, draw on an those people Credit Gain to assessment the would-be risk sat by offering money that will that particular. Lenders use Loan Scores in which to determine who really qualifies to obtain a loan, at those things that interest cycle the financial is issued, and so, what credit credit limits are defined. The use to do with credit score prior – granting historical past is a fabulous trusted setup throughout the industry sector. Credit getting is definitely limited towards banks, alternatively. Organizations, such being mobile some of the companies in addition government sections employ the most important same ways. While there unquestionably are many others, such just like NextGen, VantageScore and this CE Score, The a good number widely regarded score here in the Usa States is literally FICO, which will is best widely preferred in the exact mortgage small business.
FICO will an abbreviation for Realistic Isaac Corporation, the establishment that provides a the virtually well-known and as well most often used money scoring practice in those United Statements. The FICO credit rating is established by making a request statistical methods, developed by just Fair Isaac, to strategies in one's credit record and is in fact primarily considered in consumer savings and debt industry. Credit scores clearly show how about it must be that a fabulous borrower are able to default. Absolutely not public specifics is in existence to gauge what its scores necessarily suggest in phrases of info. A separate score, BNI, is very much used if you want to indicate odds of chapter 13. As stated, Credit Excel Licensed Money Lender and other one lending companies use Debit Scores such as factors inside of their credit institution decisions.
If you come from graphics applications like Photoshop, then Pixelmator Pro takes a bit of readjustment in your workflow. For instance, the hierarchical order of applied processes is fixed. I can adjust colour and then apply an effect, like a Gaussian blur. But then I can�t add grain from the colour menu on top because that�s part of the colour adjustment options. Instead, I have to apply a separate grain modifier from the effects menu. Likewise, there are no adjustment layers to apply non-destructive effects to all the layers below. However, I can group layers together and then apply effects to the entire group, which is a viable alternative. You can rotate an image on the z-axis, but there�s no x- or y-rotation. Instead, you have to use the �Perspective Transform� effect and corner-pin an image to produce the look that horizontal or vertical rotation would provide.
Pixelmator and Pixelmator Pro both use their own proprietary file formats. Pro will open Pixelmator�s PXM files, but Pro�s PXD files can�t be opened in the original Pixelmator application. Of course, you can export in various standard formats, like JPEG, TIFF, and Photoshop. Pixelmator Pro also uses Apple�s Share menu, in order to send an image to Mail, Airdrop, Flickr, and also to your Photos and/or Aperture libraries. Importing layered Photoshop files with effects is a mixed bag. Standard items come across, but some layer effects are merged. Other effects, like texture effects on text, are dropped. The competing Affinity Photo gave me a closer translation of the effects when I imported these same Photoshop test files. Nevertheless, the Pixelmator development team is committed to improving Photoshop compatibility.
There are certainly pros and cons to any application. PixelMate Reviews are in image adjustment/retouching/correction, tasteful graphics design and digital painting. Thanks to tapping into GPU power, painting with various brushes or deforming an image is fast and responsive, even on standard Macs. Paired with a tablet, Pixelmator Pro feels like the best digital paint product available on the Mac to date. The interface tends to hide its complexity, so if you don�t think Pro does something, make sure to check out its online help offerings. Odds are that the function or capability is indeed there. If you are looking for an alternative to Photoshop that�s also a great Mac design and image application in its own right, then Pixelmator Pro hits a home run.
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The cost of therapy depends on the services needed, so we will work with you to verify insurance coverage. We are certified by Medicare, and can therefore bill Medicare HMSA for therapy services. With a physician-ordered treatment plan and a skilled need for ongoing treatment, Medicare Part B may pay for 80% of outpatient therapy charges. If you do not have a secondary insurer to cover the remaining 20%, a copayment will apply. Other types of insurance may cover therapy services if prior authorization from your carrier is obtained. Private pay is also an option.
A physician order/prescription is required for outpatient rehab/therapy services. A physician may also complete the Request for Orders form to initiate services. The Rehab department will review the order/prescription to determine whether the service requested can be provided.
When all medical and financial authorizations are in place each patient is contacted by the Rehab department to schedule therapy appointment(s).


UPDATE: According to TMZ, James Ingram succumbed to a lengthy battle with brain cancer.
ORIGINAL STORY: Grammy Award-winning R&B/Pop singer, keyboardist and producer James Ingram has died. Debbie Allen, Ingram's longtime creative partner, confirmed the news this afternoon (January 29), according to Consequence Of Sound. A native of Akron, Ohio, James was 66 years old. His cause of death is not known at this time.
Ingram dominated the 1980s and early 1990s with ballads. He had two #1 songs: a 1981 duet with Patti Austin "Baby, Come To Me" and 1990's "I Don't Have The Heart." The former was a Rod Temperton composition, produced by Quincy Jones; the latter was co-produced by Thom Bell. Meanwhile, Ingram's two Grammy Awards stem from featuring on Q's "One Hundred Ways" in late 1981. In 1985, he won for another Jones production, the "Yah Mo B There" collaboration with Michael McDonald. That song belonged to Ingram's It's Your Night LP.
Other hits in Ingram's collaborative catalog include "Somewhere Out There" (with Linda Ronstadt), "Just Once," and "One Hundred Ways." The last song of the three has been sampled by MF DOOM and Tha Dogg Pound.
Before his success in the '80s, Ingram worked with the Revelation Funk band, recognized for its appearance in Dolemite. He also collaborated with Ray Charles. James' younger brother Phillip would find fame with the Motown Records-backed band Switch.
In the next decade, Ingram found success working with Quincy Jones, especially on his The Dude LP. After that work, Q produced It's Your Night, which was later certified gold. Two years later, James participated in "We Are The World." Since the late 1990s, Ingram did a lot of work on film soundtracks and collaborating. Twenty-years ago, he made his final US Top 200 chart appearance alongside John Tesh.
Ambrosia For Heads extends condolences to the family and fans of James Ingram. Last week, 1970s and '80s singer/producer Edwin Birdsong passed away.


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Culture, Gaming, Music, Television 0
7 Things to Look Forward To In 2017
By Alex Macon · On January 19, 2017
Congratulations, reader! You made it through the awkward, dark and confusing year 2016. Last year was full of terror attacks, a long drawn-out political event, unfortunate memes and some godawful pop culture moments. Now, we are in in 2017, a year that could either be amazing in comparison to last year or just as bad, if not worse. If you skip the idea of having a chunky, lumpy garbage carrot running our country with his league of white bigots, this might actually be a great year for us. So, in no particular order, here is a list of things that you have to look forward to in the upcoming year.
Many of 2016's Newest Stars are Releasing Their First Full-Length Albums
Last year, we were introduced to tons of new artists that invaded our airways and playlists. This year, many of those artist have finally decided to give us full-length albums to break out of their mixtape cultures and into mainstream music. Artists like the R&B songstress Kehlani is releasing her debut album SweetSexySavage, teen pop newcomer Zara Larsson is releasing her currently untitled album, indie rock band Hippo Campus is releasing their album, landmark, The smooth first lady of Top Dawg Entertainment SZA is releasing her first album CTRL, the soulful and ever sassy Dua Lipa is releasing her self-titled debut album, British powerhouse triple threat Sampha is releasing his long awaited debut album Process and the 20-year old EDM producer Mura Masa is releasing his debut album To Fall Out of Love To, all expected to drop before June.
2017 Should be a Huge Year for Movies
Many movies released in 2016 left moviegoers wanting more. There were loads of blockbuster films that came out to little fanfare and low ratings. This year, there are nearly 60 films being released this year that are both highly anticipated by critics and moviegoers worldwide. Movies like the psychological thrillers Split, A Cure for Wellness and The Belko Experiment, heist movie Baby Driver, action movies like Kong: Skull Island, comedies like Fist Fight, the next instalment of hit movies like Guardians of the Galaxy, Pirates of the Caribbean, World War Z, Kingsman and Planet of the Apes and reboots of the classic movies Spider-Man, Beauty and the Beast, It and The Mummy are all expected to come out this year. Along with the big mainstream releases, a plethora of great indie movies are expected to be released worldwide sometime this year as well.
This Year We Get New Seasons of Some Great TV Shows
The past 3 years have been amazing years for television. With the increasing popularity of original content from streaming sites like Hulu and Netflix, nowadays everyone has a favorite TV show. In 2017, many critically acclaimed television shows are coming back with new seasons. Shows like Homeland, Archer, Scandal, Bones, Bob's Burgers and Gray's Anatomy are all returning for new seasons. On Netflix and Hulu, you'll see new seasons of Orange is the New Black, Casual, Sense8 and The Get Down are also expected to release new seasons this year as well. Along with these returning shows, we are also treated with new series and reboots like A Series of Unfortunate Events and Santa Clara's Diet on Netflix, Sneaky Pete on Amazon, Big Little Lies on HBO and Star and the long-anticipated Prison Break reboot on Fox are all being debuted this year.
Tons of Amazing Popstars are Coming Back in 2017
In 2016, we experienced an amazing boom in the music industry. Every genre had a renaissance of sorts, especially pop music. Even though last year was as great as it was for music, we are expecting a lot of current artists to release albums after more than 2 years. Artists like Lorde, Ed Sheeran, Katy Perry, Tinashe, Beck, Charli XCX and Big Sean are all expected to release new music before summer.
2017 Will be a Huge Year for Gamers
Coming from someone that doesn't play video games too often, I have to admit that this year will have some great video games being released from all platforms. In the action role-playing genre, Call of Duty is releasing their yearly installment named Call of Duty: People's Army, Resident Evil is releasing their seventh installment of the series entitled Biohazard, Mass Effect is adding another game to the series' trilogy named Mass Effect: Andromeda, The Last of Us series is releasing their sequel and long awaited Part II and my personal favorite series, Red Dead, is releasing their sequel Red Dead Redemption 2 within the next nine months. Along with those great releases, you will also have your yearly EA sports standby installments of FIFA World Cup 2018, NBA 2K18 and Madden 2018.
2017 will be Home to Virtual Reality
Aside from pop culture, the technology industry is moving further in creating and marketing virtual reality a possible household item. Virtual Reality, or VR technologies, are active simulation systems where once you put on a headset, similar to a 90s viewfinder, you are instantly transported to whatever environment or event you choose. Many YouTube content creators and concert festivals have invested in creating VR experiences for all with these devices. As where 10 years ago, having a desktop computer was amazing and 20 years ago, having a wireless home phone was a big thing, VR headsets and technology is expected to be in every household before 2025.
This Year will be a Concert Festival Paradise
Speaking of concert festivals, this spring and summer will house some of the best lineups for concert festivals ever. The festival receiving the most buzz this year is Coachella, with headliners Beyonce, Kendrick Lamar, and Radiohead and supporting acts Lorde, Bastille, Mac Miller, ScHoolboy Q and many more. Along with Coachella, concert festivals like Boston Calling, Governor's Ball, Cincinnati's own Bunbury and Bonnaroo are also making people worldwide excited for the summer.
Alex Macon


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Aston Villa will appoint ex-Lyon boss Remi Garde as their new manager on Monday - replacing Tim Sherwood.
The Frenchman will sign a three-and-a-half-year deal and will watch Monday's trip to Tottenham from the stands.
The 49-year-old inherits a team bottom of the Premier League with just four points from 10 games.
Bastia coach Reginald Ray will become Garde's assistant and the pair will take charge for the home fixture against Manchester City next Sunday.
Garde guided Lyon to league finishes of fourth, third and fifth during three seasons from 2011 before leaving in 2014 for "personal and family" reasons.
The former midfielder - who was Arsene Wenger's first signing at Arsenal - was capped six times by his country. After retiring from playing at the age of 33, he coached at Lyon before becoming manager in 2011.
Wenger confirmed Villa's chief executive Tom Fox - a former Arsenal employee himself - had been in touch to discuss Garde's pedigree.
Garde - who also played for Lyon and Strasbourg - was assistant to former Villa boss Gerard Houllier at Lyon and the pair discussed the Midlands club this week.
"I told him it was a great club with excellent facilities, a very good fanbase and they have a chairman that backs you," Houllier told the Daily Telegraph.
"He is not somebody who has no experience, he speaks the English language and will get his ideas and philosophy across. His philosophy will be attack-minded, he likes to build his teams from the back."
Garde's only major honour as a manager arrived in 2012, when he guided Lyon to the French Cup.
Sherwood was in charge for eight months and kept Villa in the Premier League last season as well as reaching the FA Cup final.
But they lost key duo Fabian Delph and Christian Benteke during the summer and Villa have not won a league game since the opening day of the season. Sherwood was sacked after defeat against Swansea. It was Villa's fourth straight top-flight loss.
The club invested more than £8m on Jordan Ayew, as well as £7m on Jordan Amavi and £7m on Jordan Veretout during the summer.
And BBC Radio 5 live's Midlands football reporter Pat Murphy said: "Garde will be expected to get more out of the more inexperienced French speaking players. The feeling still remains though that these players actually might not be good enough.
"Whichever way you look at it, whatever way Villa try to dress up Garde's pedigree and potential, it still is a major gamble by owner Randy Lerner to appoint a highly talented, promising young manager in his first job as a manager outside of France. He's really got to hit the ground running straight away."


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Terrorist suspects detained in Cuba
January 13, 2002 12:00 am by Carol Rosenberg
GUANTANAMO BAY NAVAL BASE, Cuba – Marines and Army military police drilled on how to transfer suspected terrorist prisoners of the al-Qaida and Taliban movements to this Caribbean outpost Thursday as U.S troops 8,000 miles away moved out the first group of hooded and chained prisoners from Afghanistan.
"Obviously this is a unique situation, a historic situation…obviously, as they get closer it's getting a little more intense," reported Army Lt. Col. Bill Costello, chief spokesman for the operations at this base known as "Gitmo."
As he spoke, military police who had hastily built a prison camp of 100 cage-like cells made of chain-link fences rehearsed "the route of march" to move presumed dangerous prisoners from the airstrip.
The first prisoners are expected as soon as Friday.
"The one thing about security is it is never enough," the colonel said, still withholding the exact arrival time and number of detainees in the first contingent.
Eventually, the camp could house 2,000. "There's always something else you can do, another sandbag that can be filled."
Planners are mindful of the uprisings staged by Taliban prisoners in Afghanistan. In some instances, they managed to seize their captors' weapons, and in one incident killed a CIA agent, Johnny "Mike" Spann, inside a prison.
So the transfer is expected to be a delicate maneuver.
The prisoners may need to take a ferry that links the single airstrip serving Guantanamo on one side of the base to the cages where they'll be housed, on the other side. It is the usual route of transportation for anyone arriving at this isolated outpost that is reachable only by U.S. military approved aircraft or sea vessels.
The use of large helicopters is another option.
Even before the arrival, security on the transfer mission was tight. CNN footage from Kandahar, Afghanistan, showed a group of about 20 prisoners shuffling to an airplane in chains with hoods over their heads.
Amnesty International issued a statement criticizing the methods of the transfer. Among other things, the group said, the use of hoods and shackles was
"worrying" because this appeared to violate standards of humane treatment.
The conditions of confinement, including the use of small cages "would also fall below minimum standards for humane treatment," the organization said.
Reports suggested the detainees, not technically prisoners of war under the rules of the Geneva Convention, would be chained to their seats, perhaps sedated and forced to use portable urinals in order to minimize the opportunity for mid-air violence.
Military escorts also declared a blackout on the details of the transfer, once it is accomplished.