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Simulation to sat...
Simulation to satisfy safety standards
Robert Roe finds that divergent safety regulations are forcing car manufacturers to turn to integrated simulation
Legislation on car safety, performance and emissions varies across the world, with very little coordination between different regions. Although it may seem paradoxical, one response has been for the providers of engineering simulation software to link the different components of their software more tightly together.
Because the requirements in terms of energy, emissions, and fuel efficiency have not been globally standardised, vehicle manufacturers are making use of increasingly sophisticated simulation to get new vehicles developed as quickly and cheaply as possible while making sure their newest models meet these standards.
Crash testing
Maurice Linscott, UK country manager at ESI said: 'Automotive engineers in particular tend to do a lot of simulation because of the legislative requirements. The legal requirements for vehicles have become very onerous. Simulating against these requirements gives manufacturers a fast track to overcoming that problem.' ESI produces software solutions ranging from CFD, vibro-acoustic and composite, to electromagnetic simulation tools and even virtual reality visualisation technology. Linscott stated ESI is focusing on linking these systems together providing a more in-depth analysis than was previously possible.
Linscott explained that, in the company's Virtual Performance Solution (VPS), 'you can link together the deformation of a vehicle when it crashes; how the body of the dummy behaves; how the airbag deploys when an impact occurs; and how the seatbelt system works, for example. We can link many different aspects to create a model that represents the body-in-white and all the trim, with the engine, gearbox and other major assemblies – every assembly if you wish – and crash it, and then evaluate that crash. We are able to link together different simulations, not just within the crash environment but also within the manufacturing environment as well.'
Optimising designs
Esteco has also embraced this philosophy of linking systems together. However, its approach is to provide a system that links third party simulation tools, running many or even hundreds of design iterations within a given set of parameters, to optimise the design, in a process referred to as multidisciplinary design optimisation' (MDO).
Carlo Poloni, president of Esteco said: 'Automotive engineers need to do a lot of simulations, for design but also to fulfil regulations for the safety of a car, as well as the performance of the car. In order to develop the product as quickly as possible, there needs to be a degree of information sharing between different design teams so that optimisation can take place quickly, with the best models available. This is what our software allows you to do.'
'We automate the process of integrating different models of a car from the manoeuvrability, crash testing, aerodynamics, and performance for example. Building and automating the design process allows the decision-maker to search for the best solutions that they are looking for.'
Designers in control
Both strategies for optimising design give designers greater control as they can simulate the interaction between various systems, not just in a crash environment, but also during design and manufacturing. Esteco software focuses on automating the analysis of each design so many more iterations can be created and evaluated – reducing the uncertainty and time in developing complex systems but often requiring significant compute power.
Although legislation drives many of the requirements behind automotive simulation, other pressures include strict development times and the need to control the cost of the project effectively. Linscott said: 'To build a very crude body-in-white for crash is incredibly expensive. It takes a long time, because you have got all of the low-volume tooling, you have to assemble it, and then all you do is run it down a line and crash it. That is one example, but there are a number of examples where previously you would be building physical assets in the industry. If you can replace these physical assets with a digital or simulation approach, you cut vast amounts of money out of the project and you cut vast amounts of time.'
It is for these reasons, Linscott said, that simulation 'has become such a powerful proposition, and used so aggressively. It has enabled car developers to cut their development times down to less than three years.'
Mass-manufactured vehicles are complex systems and this means that there is a constant compromise between various parameters, such as weight and fuel efficiency. Esteco software focuses on this multi-design approach to optimisation, which helps users to decide on the best solution to a given problem by large numbers of designs based on a pre-described set of parameters.
Poloni said: 'Typically you will have a goal, such as fuel consumption – which is related to the engine but it is also related to the mass of the car which, of course, has to be minimised. On the other side, some mass has to exist to protect the passengers. So that is a clear compromise that has to be found. It is the interaction between these design parameters that we enable with our software.'
Poloni continued: 'Suppose that you have a car that has to follow different regulations for different countries – for example the NCAP in Europe for the safety of the car – this is something that is a must-have ,it is not something that you can do without. But you want to reduce the weight of the car, less kilograms means less cost at the end, and then you need to identify the areas where you can relax the design to fulfil the constraints. One way you can do this is the small modifications that you can do to pass through all the prescribed regulations. So satisfying constraints is another important issue – that is not necessarily optimising the car, but it just trying to get the vehicle within the design constraints.'
Simulating in-car electronics
One of the tools that ESI offers is called the Computational Electromagnetic (CEM) solution for full virtual testing and it allows users to analyse EMC/EMI issues appearing in a wide spectrum of on-board electronics and complex cable networks.
Linscott said: 'That is the reason that electro-magnetic simulation has become so prevalent within the simulation industry, because cars are becoming packed with lots of different types of electronics, both transmitting and receiving.'
Linscott continued: 'All of those electronic devices which these days are sitting in your car need to be validated in respect to their compatibility both within the vehicle and when the vehicle is on the road in an environment with many other vehicles. Again, simulation allows manufacturers to short circuit what would have been very difficult to model physically.'
Linscott continued: 'Our end-to-end solution is about being able to evaluate systems, but also linking it to more.' He gave the example of the B-pillar in a normal car; this is the pillar on the side of the car that has the seatbelt attached to it and takes the side impact in the event of a crash. It is one of the more challenging components when designing the body-in-white for a car. Linscott explained that the software can simulate different manufacturing processes from traditional cold-steel stamping, through laser-welding and then compare the benefits and trade-offs that occur when using different processes. This kind of simulation early on before manufacturing allows designers to fine-tune the material properties to get the strongest structure for the smallest amount of weight. It is the sort of area where simulation plays a valuable role for companies like VW who use that approach in their simulation and modelling. It was, Linscott concluded, 'this ability to link things together that creates a much more meaningful simulation.
Cool engines
The transient cooling system of BMW's six cylinder/225kW diesel engine represents an example of interlinking by Esteco. The team of BMW engineers developed the air side and coolant circuit model using Kuli, supported also by 3D-CFD simulations which were then investigated using ModeFrontier to identify better configurations for the transient cooling system.
The coolant circuit and the air path models represented in the engine model included two clear groups of parameters integral to optimising the design. Five heat transfer coefficients and four heat capacities were identified and modeFRONTIER allowed the engineers to set up an effective optimisation workflow that was capable of automatically interacting with the Kuli engine model and detecting the optimal configuration for the nine parameters.
Günther Pessl, head of simulation at BMW, said: 'The easy-to-build integration between the two software enabled faster identification of the best heat transfer coefficients and thermal inertia in the engine analysed.'
Esteco has also been successful in the optimisation of components for crash simulation in a project with Volvo. The idea was to optimise material properties of a bumper to reduce failures and develop a better understanding of how the materials responded under varying stresses.
Poloni said: 'Maybe this is something that relates to high-performance computing, because today one of the most expensive and time consuming simulations is the crash simulation which may take days on several hundred CPUs and we need to run hundreds of these simulations to get to the optimal result. When you are designing the components of a car, like a bumper in this case, then what you want to achieve is to minimise the mass of the components while fulfilling the mission, which is typically a pre-described load or impact energy when the car hits something. In this situation it is fairly straightforward to define the objective which is the minimum weight but the constraints are playing a major role there.'
Material test data was used to perform analysis and curve fitting was performed in modeFRONTIER in order to build and validate models using response surface methods (RSM) of material properties and predict the behaviour of the bumper.
Poloni said: 'There is a large spectrum of numerical methods under the name RSM, in general it means that you have some data and you want to build an artificial model using only the inputs and the outputs generalising this information to create a model of the behaviour.'
Poloni explained that RSM is a very important tool in two circumstances, the first being you have experimental data but you do not have a model and you want to correlate the inputs and the outputs. The other situation is if you have a very expensive simulation, like crash simulation for example. You would do some sampling, you would execute a number of pre-described simulations and you build responses for these simulations. You want to predict what happened between the values and get a quick answer.'
In this case, RSM reduced the amount of simulation that is done as virtual curves can be produced, which are then verified against experimental data. This reduces the cost of expensive simulation while still providing a realistic model for crash simulation.
Poloni concluded: 'Response surface methods is a way of sharing information between different application areas where simulations are particularly expensive.
'You may build responses for each objective that you have and then make decisions on the basis of the response surfaces instead of expensive simulation tasks and then go back and verify that your decision is what you would expect, that the actual response is what is predicted from the RSM.'
With the advent of data-centric computing and the adoption of HPC by smaller companies this type of complex, computationally intensive simulation will become more prevalent as companies innovate in a competitive market.
Robert Roe is a technical writer for Scientific Computing World, and Fibre Systems.
You can contact him at robert.roe@europascience.com or on +44 (0) 1223 275 464.
Find us on Twitter at @SCWmagazine, @FibreSystemsMag and @ESRobertRoe.


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NFL Roundup: Bengals get first victory, knock off bungling Jets 22-6
Cincinnati Bengals running back Joe Mixon celebrates after an NFL football game against the New York Jets, Sunday, Dec. 1, 2019, in Cincinnati. (AP Photo/Gary Landers)
Originally Published: December 1, 2019 5:59 p.m.
CINCINNATI — Andy Dalton returned from his three-week exile Sunday and got a long-awaited win for the coach who benched him, throwing a touchdown pass during a 22-6 victory over the New York Jets that ended the longest losing streak in Cincinnati Bengals history.
The Bengals (1-11) had lost 13 in a row since the end of last season, with newcomer Zac Taylor waiting until December to get his first head coaching win. Taylor benched Dalton after the eighth loss, deciding to see whether Ryan Finley fit into the team's long-term plans.
With the rookie struggling and the season careening toward 0-16, Taylor reversed course and went back to Dalton. He made the difference in front of the smallest crowd in Paul Brown Stadium history. Carlos Dunlap and Sam Hubbard dunked Taylor with ice water in the final seconds.
Dalton got beyond his initial bitterness over the benching and led the NFL's lone winless team to the breakthrough victory in front of 39,804 fans. Dalton also set a couple of franchise passing marks along the way.
The Jets (4-8) had their three-game winning streak snapped, unable to extend their high-scoring momentum behind Sam Darnold. The Jets also made some dubious NFL history, becoming the first team to lose to two teams who were 0-7 or worse in the same season. New York lost to Miami, which was 0-7 at the time, on Nov. 3.
STEELERS 20, BROWNS 13
PITTSBURGH — The Steelers and Browns kept things civil in their highly anticipated rematch, which ended the way they always seem to end at Heinz Field: the Steelers walking off in triumph.
Devlin "Duck" Hodges threw for 212 yards with a touchdown and an interception in his second career start. Rookie Benny Snell ran for 63 yards and his first NFL touchdown, and the banged-up Steelers exacted revenge for their whipping at the hands of the Browns two weeks ago with a 20-13 victory on Sunday.
Pittsburgh (7-5) boosted its postseason chances by rallying from 10 points down thanks in large part to Hodges, a rookie undrafted free agent who happens to be a champion duck caller in his down time. He was aided by the emergence of wide receiver James Washington, who caught four passes for 111 yards and a juggling 30-yard score late in the first half.
The Browns (5-7) saw their three-game winning streak come to a crashing halt when they failed to handle a Pittsburgh offense riddled with injuries and inexperience at the skill positions. Baker Mayfield completed 18 of 32 passes for 196 yards with a touchdown and an interception; he played the entire second half with his right hand in a protective glove after smacking it against the face mask of Pittsburgh linebacker Bud Dupree.
Cleveland failed to pull even with the Steelers in the standings and sweep the season series from its rival for the first time in 31 years.
The teams' first meeting on Nov. 14 ended with an ugly altercation between Cleveland defensive end Myles Garrett and Pittsburgh quarterback Mason Rudolph that ended with Garrett hitting Rudolph in the head with Rudolph's helmet. The ensuing fallout — which included Garrett being suspended indefinitely; Rudolph fending off Garrett's allegation that he used a racial slur shortly before things got out of hand; suspensions for Browns defensive end Larry Ogunjobi and Steelers center Maurkice Pouncey; and more than $700,000 in fines.
That reignited a rivalry that's been dominated by the Steelers since Cleveland returned to the NFL a generation ago.
RAVENS 20, 49ERS 17
BALTIMORE — Neither rain, wind nor the San Francisco 49ers' top-ranked defense could prevent Lamar Jackson from guiding the Baltimore Ravens to their franchise-record eighth straight win.
Jackson weathered miserable conditions to run for 101 yards and Justin Tucker kicked a tiebreaking 49-yard field goal as time expired in a possible Super Bowl preview. The combination of driving rain, a stiff wind and San Francisco's rugged defense was difficult for Jackson to handle. He completed only 14 of 23 passes for 105 yards and lost a fumble.
But the double-threat quarterback was solid when it counted. Not only did he fuel the NFL's top-ranked rushing attack, he directed a clutch drive that lasted nearly 6½ minutes before Tucker ended it with a kick that tore through the raindrops and between the uprights.
Baltimore (10-2) improved to 16-3 with Jackson as a starter and 12-0 when he rushes for at least 70 yards. In addition, Jackson became the first quarterback in NFL history to have four 100-yard rushing games in a season.
Raheem Mostert ran for a career-high 146 yards and a touchdown for the 49ers (10-2), now tied with New Orleans for the best record in the NFC.
CHIEFS 40, RAIDERS 9
KANSAS CITY, Mo. — Patrick Mahomes threw for a touchdown and ran for a touchdown, while Juan Thornhill returned a pick 46 yards for another score.
LeSean McCoy and Darwin Thompson also had TD runs for the Chiefs (8-4), who took a two-game lead over the Raiders by finishing off a season sweep. That means Kansas City can clinch a fourth straight division title with a win over New England and an Oakland loss to Tennessee next weekend.
Oakland (6-6) sure didn't play like a team fighting for a piece of the division lead.
Derek Carr dropped to 0-6 at Arrowhead Stadium with another miserable outing, throwing for 222 yards with a touchdown and two interceptions. The Raiders failed to score twice in the red zone, were penalized 12 times for 99 yards, and seemingly quit when Kansas City put together a 9 1/2-minute drive almost entirely on the ground that soaked up most of the fourth quarter.
When the Raiders finally scored a touchdown in the last minute, the Chiefs blocked the extra point and returned it for two points — one more insult to Oakland in a game full of them.
It was the Raiders' seventh straight loss in Kansas City.
TITANS 31, COLTS 17
INDIANAPOLIS — Tye Smith returned a blocked field goal 63 yards for the go-ahead touchdown with 5:02 left to play.
The Titans (7-5) snapped a three-game losing streak in the series, winning for only the third time in the past 17 meetings. It also allowed Tennessee to leapfrog the Colts in the AFC South.
Adam Vinatieri missed three field goals for Indy (6-6), with two being blocked, including the decisive kick that Dane Cruikshank got his hand on. Vinatieri has missed 14 kicks this season: eight field goals and six extra points.
But Vinatieri's misses weren't the Colts' only problem.
Jacoby Brissett was picked off twice, the first resulting in a 31-yard field goal that tied the score at 17 late in the third quarter, the second resulting in Ryan Tannehill's 40-yard TD pass to Kalif Raymond with 3:02 left that sealed the victory.
Indy also lost a fumble deep in Tennessee territory with two minutes left when the Titans won a challenge.
Derrick Henry carried 26 times for 149 yards and one touchdown, becoming the first runner to top the 100-yard mark against Indy in 30 games. Tannehill was 17 of 22 with 182 yards and two TD passes as he improved to 5-1 as Tennessee's starter.
PACKERS 31, GIANTS 13
EAST RUTHERFORD, N.J. — Aaron Rodgers threw four touchdown passes in the snow and the Packers rebounded from a dismal West Coast performance.
The Packers sent the Giants to their eighth straight loss, their worst skid since 2004.
Rodgers finished 21 of 33 for 243 yards with no interceptions on a slippery, snowy day at MetLife Stadium. Rodgers hit Davante Adams on touchdown passes of 8 and 17 yards, found a wide-open Allen Lazard for 37 yards and capped the performance with a 1-yarder to Marcedes Lewis.
The Packers (9-3) also intercepted Giants rookie Daniel Jones three times, with the picks setting up 10 points.
Jones, who had not thrown an interception in the last two games, finished 20 of 37 for 240 yards, including an 18-yard touchdown pass to Sterling Shepard. Aldrick Rosas added field goals of 27 and 45 yards for New York (2-10), which has a 7-21 mark since Pat Shurmur took over last season.
DOLPHINS 37, EAGLES 31
MIAMI GARDENS, Fla. — DeVante Parker made two acrobatic touchdown receptions and kicker Jason Sanders also had a circus-like scoring catch.
Miami overcame a 14-point deficit in the second half with three touchdowns in less than 13 minutes — a remarkable achievement for one of the NFL's lowest-scoring teams.
The Dolphins (3-9) won for the third time in their past five games, a surprising and perhaps costly turnaround for a team that will be shopping for a franchise quarterback in the 2020 draft.
The Eagles (5-7) lost their third game in a row and missed a chance to pull into a tie with Dallas atop the NFC East.
Trickery helped the Dolphins, who twice opted not to kick on fourth down and instead threw for a touchdown. The second such gamble by rookie coach Brian Flores paid off when Miami shifted out of field goal formation before holder Matt Haack threw a 1-yard pass to Sanders.
Parker did much of the rest. He finished with seven receptions for a career-high 159 yards and two scores, both on leaping grabs.
REDSKINS 29, PANTHERS 21
CHARLOTTE, N.C. — Derrius Guice ran for 129 yards and two touchdowns and the Redskins made a late goal-line stand. Adrian Peterson added 99 yards and a score as the Redskins (3-9) piled up 248 yards on the ground and scored their most points this season.
The Panthers' (5-7) fourth straight loss could put coach Ron Rivera's job in jeopardy.
The Redskins spotted the Panthers a 14-0 lead after quarterback Kyle Allen opened the game 8 of 8 for 106 yards with touchdown passes to Curtis Samuel and D.J. Moore on Carolina's first two possessions.
But what looked like a Carolina rout quickly turned.
The Redskins upped the pressure on Allen and the Panthers, forcing eight punts and an interception on the next nine possessions. Washington limited the Panthers to 65 yards on those nine drives and neutralized Christian McCaffrey, holding the NFL's leader in yards from scrimmage to 102 total yards, well below his season average.
Redskins linebacker Ryan Anderson was ejected after delivering a helmet-to-helmet hit on tight end Greg Olsen.
BUCCANEERS 28, JAGUARS 11
JACKSONVILLE, Fla. — Nick Foles ended his first three drives with turnovers that Tampa Bay turned into touchdowns. It was Jacksonville's fourth consecutive loss by at least 17 points and could mean the end of coach Doug Marrone's tenure with the team. At the very least, the skid will have owner Shad Khan considering changes over the final month of the season.
Marrone, meanwhile, has to decide what to do at quarterback. He benched Foles at halftime, switching back to rookie sensation Gardner Minshew.
Minshew rallied the Jags (4-8) and had a chance to make it a seven-point game in the fourth quarter. But his hot pass slipped through Dede Westbrook's hands and into Sean Murphy-Bunting's arms for Jacksonville's fourth turnover of the day.
The Buccaneers (5-7) have won two straight for the first time in coach Bruce Arians' first season. Jameis Winston was 21 of 33 for 268 yards and didn't throw an interception for the first time in a month.
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Hoyle blew it on this one. Stick with making card games. This slot machine game belongs buried deep in the bottom of a livestock manure pit because it stinks.
There were so many things about this game that made me smile - unexpected surprises that would make me laugh. A sweet game that is just good fun. When I read the reviews, I figured I was maybe going to have trouble with the controllers (being that I have none!) other than my keyboard and mouse, but it is so easy! You can move your mouse left or right to move your character left or right. To jump, left click. To jump even higher, left click while you are already in the midst of jumping. To talk to people, open doors, or treasure chests, right click on them. You can even open treasure chests by jumping directly on them. There are only a few enemies, they are easily dispatched by jumping on them also. Game is really cute - the demo hour flew by ... and I don't even PLAY arcade games ! I got to about level 37 or 38 or so and was actually disappointed when the demo ended. I think I will definitely be purchasing this one. Thumbs up!


Layne found a love of art at a young age when her mother signed her up for painting classes. In college, she loved crafting with her sorority for activities and events. But, it wasn't until some years later that she really discovered her passion for creating. A car accident resulted in a broken thumb and her doctor suggested she take up beading or knitting to help heal her hand. She taught herself how to make jewelry and, in the process, caught the creative bug!
She was soon experimenting with vinyl and embroidery - anything she could get her hands on! Recently, she left her corporate life behind to craft and run her blog, Crafty Life Mom full time. She wanted and craved more flexibility and the ability to be home with her little ones, not missing a single moment of their lives as they grow.
Q: What is your favorite/least favorite part of the creative process?
A: My favorite part is the variety of requests I receive each day from my customers. I am always up for a challenge. It is almost like solving a puzzle for them. Especially when they know what result they want, they just don't know how to to get there. That's where I come in. I either create it for them or teach them the way. I love when someone absolutely loves something I've made for them, but I love it, even more, when they created themselves and I taught them. That's the best!
My least favorite part.... getting stuck. Some it forces me to think out a different plan. And if time isn't on your side, then being stuck is not fun!
Q: Tell us about your craft space!
A: So my first ever craft room was in a condo I owned before getting married. Once we bought our house I had a much bigger room. Our first son was born, and then we had boy/girl twins. When they were about 18 months old, I gave up my craft room to my daughter. That's where the Workbox saved me! I fit a whole room in that box. At first, I had the workbox in our front formal living room.
About a year ago, I took over our formal dining room (since we aren't really formal) and made the space my own craft room office! I absolutely love it and the setup.
Layne recently added the Studio Tower to her craft space!
 I love the Studio Tower because I have fabrics and threads all right next to my embroidery machine and can just swivel the tower when I need something for an embroidery project! It holds so much fabric and all of my threads. I even have room to buy more threads and other supplies! LOL! A true crafters dream.
A: I find inspiration everywhere! My friends and family are always contributing to my ideas even when they don't realize it. And ideas are always brewing, even when I sleep. Maybe I will get to them all someday!
Q: What are some of your other hobbies or interests?
A: I am a mom, so my hobbies include my kids' activities like soccer and dance. We just went on our first camping trip as a family which was fun! So maybe there is a little more of that in our future. I also really enjoy decorating my house and making it a home. I know that I share a lot of this in my DIYs and projects on the blog, however, I love making it ours season to season.
Q: What is up next for you?
A: I want to grow Crafty Life Mom and be able to teach others how to craft and additionally [teach others] how to make money crafting. I truly love sharing what I know with others. I am currently writing a book about all of my experiences and the process to truly make money crafting. I have created and sold my creations through craft shows, markets and to local boutiques and online with platforms like Etsy. I've sold wholesale, including thousands at a time to large audiences like Zulilly and Plum District. I have also sold through my own e-commerce website. I've learned so much the process over the last 8 years and want to teach and share what I know. Who knows I may even offer classes or full-on craft courses in the future.
An Inspired You is a Happy You!


Innovid, the world's leading video platform, announced it has been granted accreditation by the Media Rating Council (MRC) for its over-the-top (OTT) served video ad impression tracking. After more than a year of collaboration with the MRC, Innovid is now the first in the industry to receive MRC accreditation for adherence to industry standards for video advertising measurement in a connected TV (CTV) environment.
As OTT impressions continue to surge, the explosion of server-side ad insertion (SSAI) has made it increasingly difficult for accurate measurement of these impressions. Broadcasters have gravitated towards live television ad insertion in recent years, which also scaled the measurement challenge, as tools were not available to accurately measure impressions and traffic.
The new OTT accreditation further demonstrates Innovid's ongoing commitment to providing fully transparent, high-quality measurability solutions for advertisers across screens and devices. Since 2013, Innovid has been accredited by MRC for video and companion display ad served impression tracking across desktop and mobile web, and, since 2015, for video ad viewability measurement in desktop.
This latest action by MRC adds OTT and mobile in-app video served ad impression tracking to Innovid's MRC-accredited measurements, as well as video ad viewability and related viewability metrics in mobile web and in-application environments.


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Needing an easy way to keep your personal watercraft tied to shore? Here it is, just screw the stake into the ground and you have 15' to tether your boat to shore. Easy to store and take with you. For PWC (jetski, waverunners, seadoo, polaris, honda) and small boats 14' and smaller.


The Academic Integrity Standards Project: Aligning Policy and Practice in Australian Universities 2010-2012 aimed to develop a shared understanding across the Australian higher education sector of academic integrity standards with the aim of improving the alignment of academic integrity policies and their implementation.
As academic integrity is fundamental to assessment practices, it is critical that it is dealt with consistently by staff and taught to students. The project reviewed policies and procedures and the ways that universities educate students and staff about their academic integrity expectations. The project provided an overview of current responses to student breaches of academic integrity by analysing Australian universities' online policies, and collaborating with stakeholders from the six universities represented by the project team, as well as a Colloquium of national and international experts on academic integrity. This overview informed the establishment of exemplars, and the development of teaching and learning resources that align academic integrity policy with good practice. Australian universities are encouraged to adapt these exemplars/resources to their own contexts to facilitate consistent academic standards.
The project partner institutions were University of South Australia (Lead institution), The University of Adelaide, The University of Newcastle, The University of Western Australia, University of Wollongong and La Trobe University.


NASHVILLE, Tenn.—Country soul icon Ronnie Milsap is a bit of a studio geek, and he thinks a lot about music technology and recording equipment. So it makes sense that he spent a long time getting 13 other singers and bands into the studio to record duets with him for a new album, "Ronnie Milsap: The Duets," to be released Friday, just two days after his 76th birthday.
This entry was posted on Tuesday, January 22nd, 2019 at 2:44 pm and is filed under Albums, Duets and collaborations.	You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.


Researching the foundations of human rights entails various possible types of endeavors and appeals to different methodological orientations. Both the architectural metaphor of founding and the term human rights are subject to varied interpretations. Human rights can refer not only to the body of fundamental rights in international conventions or state constitutions, but also to the idea of human rights itself, the very notion of individual or collective fundamental entitlements corresponding to the duties of governments. "Foundations," in turn, can be considered in equally fragmented ways. Under one approach, the term foundations appeals to historical origins: the diplomatic history of the institutional progress of human rights in international relations, the birth of the body of human rights law in constitutionalism, as well as its prehistory, and the various steps taken in proposing, negotiating, and drafting human rights provisions. But the history of human rights can then also mean the history of the idea of human rights, or the genealogy of the law of human rights in global or regional cultural and intellectual history. Methodologically, one can also imagine variations corresponding to every historiographical orientation, from diplomatic history to social history to "long history" to genealogy, not to mention all ideological variations in any given approach. Under a second large methodological umbrella, foundations can refer then to philosophical or theoretical bases for the discourse or practice of human rights. The more static focus here is on the fundamental articulation and justification of human rights as a matter of legal or moral argument. The bibliographical references given below follow in this way a very simplified organization based on a didactic distinction between history and theory. A first part lists references that point to existing debates in historical inquiry about the life of human rights. The field is, as only briefly indicated below, of enormous proportions, both in terms of macro history (are human rights Greek, Roman, French?) and in terms of micro-legal history (what is the importance for human rights of the meaning of jus in Roman law and medieval political philosophy), and the references offer different points of entry into those discussions. A second part focuses on the question of the theoretical justifications for human rights, including critiques of human rights doctrines, human rights discourses, or human rights "ideology." The choice of references offers a mixture of canonical texts and more recent or marginal contributions, which highlight, in that way, specific approaches to the question of foundations. Given the preliminary remarks above about the fragmentation of the topic of foundations, one has to tread ground that is covered beyond international law and includes such fields as the philosophy of law, sociology, anthropology, political theory, or even literary theory. But so as not to stray excessively into sister disciplines that claim those references as their own, I have therefore left such primary sources (e.g., Aristotle, Locke, or Arendt) out of the list, even though they are found as the object of discussions in the references below.
When discussing the foundations of human rights, one angle or emphasis, to which reference was made above, is the historical dimension of the notion. Scholarly concern about the bases for the contemporary discourse and practice of human rights law, whether in domestic national systems or in international law, translates quite simply into debates about where or when human rights began. Historical debates cannot be separated from philosophical debates with respect to the question of the foundations of human rights, but they should be seen as a particular type of emphasis or approach to the question. On the one hand, historical work, in legal history, intellectual history, or diplomatic history, refers to the unfolding and destiny of ideas over which different actors have engaged in debates or struggles. On the other hand, historical work itself, as becomes apparent from the literature, is engaged in, or aligned with, ideological contest over the origins and ownership of human rights discourse and ideals. It is a seemingly factual issue whether human rights arose from Roman law or from Franciscan medieval philosophers or from John Locke an issue to be sorted out by textual and contextual critical analysis. However, the inquiry engages in larger questions about the relationship of law to justice, the legitimacy of state institutions and the nature of their interaction, or the existence or desirability of universal values and all the types of justifications that come with those debates, whether they are attached to theological, philosophical, or political projects. References are listed below that provide an entrance into that debate under three headings: general historical or genealogical accounts of human rights; works in the political or diplomatic history of human rights, which focus, therefore, mainly on the second half of the 20th century; and works in legal history or the history of ideas.


text:
There's always something
Of cash and kudos
TJ RAW redux
Buzz off!
Jazz as she is spoken
My new sax
Jazz etiquette 4 - admin
Haynes - The Inside Story
Jazz etiquette 3 - listeners
The fiddler's clarinet
The sax doctor
The vent event
Jazz nursery rhymes
The jazz thieves
The stripper
Jazz etiquette 2 - dress
Whodunnit!??
Jazz etiquette 1 - soloing
Yer rubbish
Hello, crap jazzers...
Workshop MK.IV
Screws & screwed
Rocking the joint
Cheep!
SHBB
Notes for notes
It's an ill wind...
The botch job
My first saxophone
B.O.G
'Tennn-shun!
The refugee's violin
The not-sax player
The Dep
Key Lark-O
The jazz bore
Jewellery Jinx
The bass saxophone
A sound lesson
Lawks-a-lawdy!
Fings...
Of planes & pitch
Something clicked
He's behind you!
Of fate & saxophones
Evocative
A captive audience
It's a bug's life
The Pink Saxophone
Yoiks!!
The English summer gig
Watching the Defectives
Chucked Off!
A father's legacy
How to get rich
A real stumper
Cryogenics & Reeds
I've got me a new tenor sax!
I suppose it's not that big a deal - lots of players buy new horns all the time - but I tend to be one of those players who finds a single horn that suits my need and then sticks to it, come rain or shine. There are solid reasons for doing so; for a start it works out a lot cheaper in the long run, but more importantly it allows me to really get to know a horn inside out. There's a lot to be said for this method, a great many of the problems people have with tone and pitch are down to their not having really explored the capabilities of their instrument in any real depth. That doesn't mean having to be a flashy player - oh no, it just means having spent a lot of time with the instrument.
Many of my regular readers will know all about my fondness for my trusty old Yamaha YTS23. I've had this horn for well over 20 years now and there haven't been many other horns that have made me think "Ooh, I like this enough to change it for my 23".
True, I've played many great horns in all that time - it's one of the perks of the job - but I realised a long time ago that 'different' isn't the same thing as 'better'.
My philosophy on buying horns has always been that they must 'slap you in the face' before they're worthy of becoming upgrade candidates. Over the years this has saved me an awful lot of time and money, and it's allowed me to be more objective about my choices.
I've also come to realise that changing a horn is as much about what you lose as it is about what you gain. I think this catches a lot of people out - particularly those who are tempted by a different tone colour or a change in blowing resistance. These things are powerfully persuasive and can turn any player's head, but over the years it's the smaller and more subtle things that stand the test of time.
So what was it about the YTS23 that I liked?
For a start it's a very free-blowing horn. Some players like to have something to blow against, others prefer a horn that doesn't get in the way. Neither quality is better than the other, it's just a different approach to the same end. It's a bit like the game of darts - some of the best players in the world use darts that weigh hardly anything at all...11 or 12 grams perhaps...and some use darts that weigh two or three times as much. But they all win tournaments.
It's also a very neutral horn. This is where a lot of the criticism about this horn is centred - and whenever I see it raised as a negative point it always makes me chuckle. I've always felt that tone is a bit like colour...and to stretch the analogy a little further, like paint.
Imagine, if you will, that you have a door to paint. At the moment it's just a bare wooden door, and you have it in mind that you want to paint it, say, light blue. Ideally you'd want the wood itself to be light blue - that way you could do away with all the fuss and bother of painting it...but there aren't many trees with light blue wood. So you'll need to paint it - but first you'll need to prepare it.
Typically this will involve putting a coat of wood primer on it, followed by a layer of undercoat and then your final coat of light blue paint. In order to achieve the desired results it makes sense to match the undercoat to the final coat - or at least as near as you can get it. So, a light undercoat for a light final colour, a dark one for a deeper final colour.
Horns are rather like this in that they have a 'starting colour' - an inbuilt 'in-house' tone. Some horns are quite bright, others are dark. If the in-house tone is opposite to what you want, you're going to have to work that much harder to paint your tone over the top of it. I won't say it can't be done - or that it will lead to poor results - but it can be a lot of hard work. This is why I've always valued the 23's neutrality - it just doesn't get in the way, and with the right choice of mouthpiece and the right technique it will do exactly what I want it to do.
It's also a very vibrant horn. This has nothing to do with any of that 'resonance' nonsense - your horn could vibrate like a chainsaw and it still wouldn't make a difference to the tone. No, it's about how 'alive' the horn feels when you blow it. It's the zing, the vivacity, the immediacy. It just always feels eager - and that's something I really notice when coming back to it after play-testing other horns...they never seem to have quite that same degree of liveliness.
Some would say (incorrectly) that this might be due to the weight of the 23 - it's a very light horn - but the only advantage this brings is that it's an easy horn to hang around your neck for hours at a time.
But when all is said and done the only reason that really matters is that the horn suits me (or I suit it).
So if it's that good, why change it?
It's about a change in tastes. Many years ago I used to take my tea with two spoons of sugar and a liberal dose of full cream milk. Over the years that's shifted...first I cut back on the sugar and then I cut back on the milk. These days I'm on a level spoonful of sugar and a dash of semi-skimmed milk.
It's hard to describe the change in tone I've been looking for - in fact it's more of a feeling.
I first came across it when I tried an Inderbinen. It had everything the Yamaha had, plus a bit more...a sort of extra dimension. It wasn't brighter, it wasn't warmer - it was a little more full in the midrange though, but without being overly so. I also found it on a Borgani 09 Vintage...and, funnily enough, on a Keilwerth SX90R Silver Anniversary (now there's a poke in the eye for all those people who claim I hate Keilwerths).
Trouble was, while these horns all had that extra something, they also had a few drawbacks - most notably the price on the Inderbinen - and for me those drawbacks weren't things I was prepared to exchange for the benefits these horns would bring (strangely enough, the dearer Yamahas didn't really thrill me either).
It was then that I tried a Trevor James Signature Custom RAW tenor.
I immediately noticed that extra something. Just like the Inderbinen, the Borgani and yes, even the Keilwerth, the RAW has an indefinable quality that keeps you coming back for more. In a way it's a bit like trying to find the end of a rainbow...every time you move towards it, it moves away - but you can see it ahead of you, just out of reach. It's the journey that counts. If you can realise a horn's full potential in no time at all then there's nothing to keep you interested, nothing to keep you pushing forward. This is the mark of a student horn - it gives all it's got very quickly, which is a good thing for a student - but a professional horn should be a temptress, a tease, an enigma.
For sure, I can reel off a lengthy list of horns that have this spark, but there's another important factor that has a bearing on whether a horn 'does it' for me or not, and that's its accessibility.
Imagine, if you will, entering a pub on a hot summer's day. On the bar stands a glimmering, cool pint (or a glass of Creme de Menthe, if you're that way inclined). In order to get your sweaty mitts on the drink all you have to do is make your way from the door of the pub to the bar.
No problem, as a rule, but here's the catch. Between the door and the bar are a number of tables, all full up with drinkers. There may be a direct route to the bar, or there may not be...depends on the pub. As you make your way through the pub your eyes are firmly fixed on the drink waiting for you on the bar.
This, to me at least, represents a horn's accessibility. You know what the goal is, you know where it is, and you want the least cluttered route to take you to it.
Now, over the years I've played countless numbers of Selmers. We can all agree they're great horns (that should stop the buggers emailing me...) but they're not everyone's cup of tea. Whenever I've played a good one I've always been able to feel the spark...always been able to see the pint on the bar...but it's always been a bit of a chore to get to it. I've got to weave my way around the horn's natural resistance, make sure I don't trip up on the tuning and take great care that I don't knock over the drinks on the table of Mid D Stuffiness etc.
So you can see that my criteria for a truly great horn is one that's like a pub with a direct route to the bar...with perhaps a stop on the way to tickle the pub cat under the chin.
The Yamaha was a very straightforward horn...you could be in the door and at the bar in no time at all. The RAW has a few more distractions along the way - but rather than being obstacles they're points of interest. A stuffed badger with pair of Raybans on...one of those wartime signs that says "Britain Needs You"...to which someone has added "You Bastard"...a shelf full of rude gnomes...a fifty pound note glued to the ceiling...a signed photo of Roy Orbison standing at the bar, clutching a bag of pork scratchings.
It's stuff you want to stop and look at rather than something that gets in the way.
And here's the killer feature - it's taken me three paragraphs to describe this feeling and yet it's something you pick up from the horn in less than a second. It's just there.
The final factor is how it all fits together. You can have the temptress, you can have the pub, you can have the pint...but it all counts for nothing if you get to the bar and find that the pint tastes of dishwater...or the publican doesn't like the look of you and tosses you out of the door.
Everything has to work, everything has to do its job...and then get the hell out of the way.
When I mentioned on a forum that I'd found a new horn I was asked what would happen to the Yamaha.
It's a funny thing - although I've travelled (reasonably) far and wide with this horn, and it's seen me through its fair share of gigs, good and bad, and it's always been 'the horn I've come home to' - I don't really feel any sense of regret about its effective passing.
I think this is because there's so much of it in the RAW.
I have plenty of clients who regularly use more than one horn. They might have, say, a Selmer for the jazz gigs and a King for the blues jams. Some clients have just the one horn, but use different mouthpieces. It's the same principle though...not being able to get all they want or need from the one setup. To be fair this is sometimes a necessity - it's bloody hard work to walk off the stage at an R'nB gig with a Yamaha Z fitted with a Dukoff D8 and go straight into a classical gig - but provided the genres aren't too dissimilar there really aren't that many good reasons for toting two horns around.
And that, I suppose is yet another factor that weighs in the RAW's favour...that 'one horn to rule them all' sort of thing. It has the versatility I want, it moves where I move.
I'll keep the Yamaha as a backup. When you've played a horn that long you get to know it intimately...and that can be a handy thing when it comes to testing modifications or bits of kit. I'm sure that the RAW will take over, but it has to pay its dues first...and that will take time
It says a lot for the humble old Yamaha YTS23 that it's been able to keep my interest for over two decades, but it says a lot more for the RAW that it's given me the promise of all that, and more. Much more.
And that, simply put, is why I've got one.


A favourite of ours for many years Evedars is a supporter of the arts. Regular musical events over dinner are fabulous. We have never been disappointed. The owners Fran & Mark always add their personal touch to the evening. On top of that consistently great food makes it a winner.
Whether you come for a favourite meal or love trying new and trendy dishes, Milestones is all about great food without the pretension. Serving lunch, dinner and weekend brunch, there's something for everyone. Make sure to try our signature drink, the Original Bellini when you stop by.
I gave them several chances - In the end...walked away for good. Over priced - bad service - bad food. I wrote the head quarters re: this matter and received a response back at least a month later..offering me coupons..No Thanks. They obviously didn't read my email.
We ate here twice: once for lunch, once for dinner. The service can be hit and miss. But the food is great, especially for the prices charged. Great atmosphere for the area. Recommend.
This will be our go to place for breakfast in Langford in future. Loved the new menu, friendly service, large portions, and tasty food. The main reason for us to return, is that they are less busy than Floyd's so we did not have to wait for a table! Hope that does not change.
We popped into Salty's in Langford last night for a Takeout order. The situation was unusual. I rarely buy Takeout food. That might change after my visit. The fish were cooked perfectly. The batter is thin with no discernable grease. The fish was moist.
We had a mix-up in our order. The Salty's staff looked after it cheerfully. I certainly think I came out ahead of the deal.
If you want a good-value seafood meal then you can't go wrong with Salty's in Langford.
$1.50 per chicken wing!! I thought it had to be a misprint but there it was -8 wings for $12.75. OK, the food is passable but does have that 'restaurant-chain'appearance and lack of true flavour. Service was reasonable but the place was only half full. Lettuce wrap does have merit but they use romaine so creating a 'wrap' is most difficult. The place lacks any atmosphere other than that of a warehouse and it is also very noisy, making conversation almost impossible. This was our third visit and have finally decided we not try them out any further. Won't be back.
Hubby and I received a gift certificate for this restaurant. We were very impressed with the knowledgeable server and welcoming atmosphere. The menu is quite extensive so making our choices took a little bit. The Dancing Fire Roll was very good and was set a flame at the table. The Dynamite Roll was one of the best we have ever had. While we thought it was a bit pricey, the sushi was excellent. We will certainly return.
I had dinner with friends at Bin 4, and this was my first visit. Our server - Sarina was pleasant and friendly. There was a huge choice on the menu, vegetarian and chicken options also available. The onion rings were awesome. I ordered the Hot Bull burger and this was really delicious, the choices are great, and you can also swap items if you like. The deep fried pickles were also great.
Floyd's Diner was featured on one of the inaugural episodes of "You Gotta Eat Here" and they highlighted many of this diner's signature dishes like the BC Hash and the always popular Mahoney. I've had the pleasure of visiting a number of the restaurants featured on the popular Food Network show and, I have to say, it's been a mixed bag – at least 50/50. Sometimes the restaurants are really good and I am left saying, "man, you've gotta eat here!" while at other times I'm wondering what went wrong. How was my experience at Floyd's?
Thankfully it's apparent that Floyd's hasn't gone and done what other eateries featured on "You Gotta Eat Here" have done; that is, they've ridden the wave of their new-found popularity and cut corners here and there, thus impacting the food. Quite the contrary. Floyd's Diner has stuck with what made them popular in the first place: a colourful and vibrant atmosphere peppered with truly unique and awesome food. My partner routinely gets the "420 Benny" (smoked salmon) and I've tried the beef dip. Both have been quit exceptional, but I'd like to elaborate a little more on the beef dip. Without getting too wordy, it was to date the best overall beef dip I've ever had. You can tell the beef used isn't just cheap sliced deli meat like what most places would use; and the French fried sriracha onions – oh my! They added a bit of a nice crunch to the beef dip as well as just a touch of heat. Superb! And the high quality smoked cheese was the perfect "binder" of sorts for everything on the plate. Very rarely would I comment to such an extent on a beef dip, but Floyd's certainly merits it.
One can easily draw comparisons between Floyd's Diner and the US chain Hash House A Go Go. Both have fun, upbeat, colourful and retro atmospheres; both feature motivated and efficient staff; both offer their customers very unique dining experiences; and both are well known for serving very large portions to a nearly "ridiculous" degree. And we all know that in the restaurant industry serving big portions can be a bit of a danger and/or a cover-up for some other deficiency; HOWEVER, that is not the case with either of these eateries. Quite the contrary. But I digress . . . getting back to Floyd's specifically, the portions may be large, but they're also INCREDIBLY DELICIOUS and of very high quality. That's the reason people keep coming back!
RECOMMENDATION: If you're looking for a small meal, then Floyd's might be a bit much for you (though you can get half orders for $3 off); however, if you're looking for a unique dining experience with awesome comfort food, then you really should give this place a try. I guarantee you won't be leaving hungry!
I ordered the Grilled Chicken And Shrimp On Vermicelli. The dish didn't really impress me with its flavour. The sliced chicken breast had a strange sauce basted on top, which didn't really add any flavour. The Shrimp was well cooked. The fresh veggies that came with this dish were minimal. I've had this dish at a few Vietnamese restaurants. Some were much better and some were worse. This was just ok, nothing special.


text:
Q: Symfony - Crash in PROD after first dotrine usage - Error: Cannot access private property PhpFilesAdapter::$appendOnly Symfony version(s) affected: 4.4.11 (PHP 7.4.12)
The auth system is working properly on local.
When I deploy the app on the remote I get that error (through sentry.io).
Error: Cannot access private property Symfony\Component\Cache\Adapter\PhpFilesAdapter::$appendOnly
#28 /vendor/symfony/cache/Traits/PhpFilesTrait.php(83): Symfony\Component\Cache\Adapter\AbstractAdapter::doFetch
#27 /vendor/symfony/cache/Traits/AbstractAdapterTrait.php(44): Symfony\Component\Cache\Adapter\AbstractAdapter::getItem
#26 /vendor/symfony/cache/DoctrineProvider.php(54): Symfony\Component\Cache\DoctrineProvider::doFetch
#25 /vendor/doctrine/cache/lib/Doctrine/Common/Cache/CacheProvider.php(199): Doctrine\Common\Cache\CacheProvider::getNamespaceVersion
#24 /vendor/doctrine/cache/lib/Doctrine/Common/Cache/CacheProvider.php(176): Doctrine\Common\Cache\CacheProvider::getNamespacedId
#23 /vendor/doctrine/cache/lib/Doctrine/Common/Cache/CacheProvider.php(59): Doctrine\Common\Cache\CacheProvider::fetch
#22 /vendor/doctrine/persistence/lib/Doctrine/Persistence/Mapping/AbstractClassMetadataFactory.php(178): Doctrine\Persistence\Mapping\AbstractClassMetadataFactory::getMetadataFor
#21 /vendor/doctrine/orm/lib/Doctrine/ORM/EntityManager.php(288): Doctrine\ORM\EntityManager::getClassMetadata
#20 /vendor/doctrine/doctrine-bundle/Repository/ContainerRepositoryFactory.php(37): Doctrine\Bundle\DoctrineBundle\Repository\ContainerRepositoryFactory::getRepository
#19 /vendor/doctrine/orm/lib/Doctrine/ORM/EntityManager.php(739): Doctrine\ORM\EntityManager::getRepository
#18 /src/Security/LoginFormAuthenticator.php(80): App\Security\LoginFormAuthenticator::getUser
#17 /vendor/symfony/security-guard/Provider/GuardAuthenticationProvider.php(105): Symfony\Component\Security\Guard\Provider\GuardAuthenticationProvider::authenticateViaGuard
#16 /vendor/symfony/security-guard/Provider/GuardAuthenticationProvider.php(99): Symfony\Component\Security\Guard\Provider\GuardAuthenticationProvider::authenticate
#15 /vendor/symfony/security-core/Authentication/AuthenticationProviderManager.php(85): Symfony\Component\Security\Core\Authentication\AuthenticationProviderManager::authenticate
#14 /vendor/symfony/security-guard/Firewall/GuardAuthenticationListener.php(152): Symfony\Component\Security\Guard\Firewall\GuardAuthenticationListener::executeGuardAuthenticator
#13 /vendor/symfony/security-guard/Firewall/GuardAuthenticationListener.php(117): Symfony\Component\Security\Guard\Firewall\GuardAuthenticationListener::authenticate
#12 /vendor/symfony/security-http/Firewall/AbstractListener.php(27): Symfony\Component\Security\Http\Firewall\AbstractListener::__invoke
#11 /vendor/symfony/security-bundle/Security/LazyFirewallContext.php(64): Symfony\Bundle\SecurityBundle\Security\LazyFirewallContext::__invoke
#10 /vendor/symfony/security-http/Firewall.php(140): Symfony\Component\Security\Http\Firewall::handleRequest
#9 /vendor/symfony/security-http/Firewall.php(130): Symfony\Component\Security\Http\Firewall::callListeners
#8 /vendor/symfony/security-http/Firewall.php(98): Symfony\Component\Security\Http\Firewall::onKernelRequest
#7 /vendor/symfony/event-dispatcher/EventDispatcher.php(304): Symfony\Component\EventDispatcher\EventDispatcher::Symfony\Component\EventDispatcher\{closure}
#6 /vendor/symfony/event-dispatcher/EventDispatcher.php(264): Symfony\Component\EventDispatcher\EventDispatcher::doDispatch
#5 /vendor/symfony/event-dispatcher/EventDispatcher.php(239): Symfony\Component\EventDispatcher\EventDispatcher::callListeners
#4 /vendor/symfony/event-dispatcher/EventDispatcher.php(73): Symfony\Component\EventDispatcher\EventDispatcher::dispatch
#3 /vendor/symfony/http-kernel/HttpKernel.php(134): Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\HttpKernel::handleRaw
#2 /vendor/symfony/http-kernel/HttpKernel.php(80): Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\HttpKernel::handle
#1 /vendor/symfony/http-kernel/Kernel.php(201): Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\Kernel::handle
#0 /public/index.php(25): null

It happens on the first call to doctrine.
I suspect the doctrine cache to not work properly but can't get why and how to solve it.
I tried to use a redis for the cache instead and have kind of the same error but with the other adapter.
Symfony\Component\ErrorHandler\Error\UndefinedMethodError: Attempted to call an undefined method named "getFile" of class "Symfony\Component\Cache\Adapter\RedisAdapter".
#28 /vendor/symfony/cache/Traits/PhpFilesTrait.php(165): Symfony\Component\Cache\Adapter\AbstractAdapter::doHave
#27 /vendor/symfony/cache/Traits/AbstractAdapterTrait.php(44): Symfony\Component\Cache\Adapter\AbstractAdapter::getItem
#26 /vendor/symfony/cache/DoctrineProvider.php(54): Symfony\Component\Cache\DoctrineProvider::doFetch
#25 /vendor/doctrine/cache/lib/Doctrine/Common/Cache/CacheProvider.php(199): Doctrine\Common\Cache\CacheProvider::getNamespaceVersion
#24 /vendor/doctrine/cache/lib/Doctrine/Common/Cache/CacheProvider.php(176): Doctrine\Common\Cache\CacheProvider::getNamespacedId
#23 /vendor/doctrine/cache/lib/Doctrine/Common/Cache/CacheProvider.php(59): Doctrine\Common\Cache\CacheProvider::fetch
#22 /vendor/doctrine/persistence/lib/Doctrine/Persistence/Mapping/AbstractClassMetadataFactory.php(178): Doctrine\Persistence\Mapping\AbstractClassMetadataFactory::getMetadataFor
#21 /vendor/doctrine/orm/lib/Doctrine/ORM/EntityManager.php(288): Doctrine\ORM\EntityManager::getClassMetadata
#20 /vendor/doctrine/doctrine-bundle/Repository/ContainerRepositoryFactory.php(37): Doctrine\Bundle\DoctrineBundle\Repository\ContainerRepositoryFactory::getRepository
#19 /vendor/doctrine/orm/lib/Doctrine/ORM/EntityManager.php(739): Doctrine\ORM\EntityManager::getRepository
#18 /src/Security/LoginFormAuthenticator.php(80): App\Security\LoginFormAuthenticator::getUser
#17 /vendor/symfony/security-guard/Provider/GuardAuthenticationProvider.php(105): Symfony\Component\Security\Guard\Provider\GuardAuthenticationProvider::authenticateViaGuard
#16 /vendor/symfony/security-guard/Provider/GuardAuthenticationProvider.php(99): Symfony\Component\Security\Guard\Provider\GuardAuthenticationProvider::authenticate
#15 /vendor/symfony/security-core/Authentication/AuthenticationProviderManager.php(85): Symfony\Component\Security\Core\Authentication\AuthenticationProviderManager::authenticate
#14 /vendor/symfony/security-guard/Firewall/GuardAuthenticationListener.php(152): Symfony\Component\Security\Guard\Firewall\GuardAuthenticationListener::executeGuardAuthenticator
#13 /vendor/symfony/security-guard/Firewall/GuardAuthenticationListener.php(117): Symfony\Component\Security\Guard\Firewall\GuardAuthenticationListener::authenticate
#12 /vendor/symfony/security-http/Firewall/AbstractListener.php(27): Symfony\Component\Security\Http\Firewall\AbstractListener::__invoke
#11 /vendor/symfony/security-bundle/Security/LazyFirewallContext.php(64): Symfony\Bundle\SecurityBundle\Security\LazyFirewallContext::__invoke
#10 /vendor/symfony/security-http/Firewall.php(140): Symfony\Component\Security\Http\Firewall::handleRequest
#9 /vendor/symfony/security-http/Firewall.php(130): Symfony\Component\Security\Http\Firewall::callListeners
#8 /vendor/symfony/security-http/Firewall.php(98): Symfony\Component\Security\Http\Firewall::onKernelRequest
#7 /vendor/symfony/event-dispatcher/EventDispatcher.php(304): Symfony\Component\EventDispatcher\EventDispatcher::Symfony\Component\EventDispatcher\{closure}
#6 /vendor/symfony/event-dispatcher/EventDispatcher.php(264): Symfony\Component\EventDispatcher\EventDispatcher::doDispatch
#5 /vendor/symfony/event-dispatcher/EventDispatcher.php(239): Symfony\Component\EventDispatcher\EventDispatcher::callListeners
#4 /vendor/symfony/event-dispatcher/EventDispatcher.php(73): Symfony\Component\EventDispatcher\EventDispatcher::dispatch
#3 /vendor/symfony/http-kernel/HttpKernel.php(134): Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\HttpKernel::handleRaw
#2 /vendor/symfony/http-kernel/HttpKernel.php(80): Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\HttpKernel::handle
#1 /vendor/symfony/http-kernel/Kernel.php(201): Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\Kernel::handle

LoginFormAuthenticator
<?php
[...]
class LoginFormAuthenticator extends AbstractFormLoginAuthenticator implements PasswordAuthenticatedInterface
{
    use TargetPathTrait;

    public const LOGIN_ROUTE = 'app_login';
    private const GENERIC_ERROR_MESSAGE = 'Email or password invalid.';
    private const APP_ACCESS_ERROR_MESSAGE = 'You don\'t have access to this App..';

    private AuthApiClientInterface $authApiClientService;
    private EntityManagerInterface $entityManager;
    private UrlGeneratorInterface $urlGenerator;
    private CsrfTokenManagerInterface $csrfTokenManager;
    private UserPasswordEncoderInterface $passwordEncoder;

    public function __construct(
        EntityManagerInterface $entityManager,
        UrlGeneratorInterface $urlGenerator,
        CsrfTokenManagerInterface $csrfTokenManager,
        AuthApiClientInterface $authApiClientService
    ) {
        $this->entityManager = $entityManager;
        $this->urlGenerator = $urlGenerator;
        $this->csrfTokenManager = $csrfTokenManager;
        $this->authApiClientService = $authApiClientService;
    }

    public function supports(Request $request)
    {
        return self::LOGIN_ROUTE === $request->attributes->get('_route') && $request->isMethod('POST');
    }

    public function getCredentials(Request $request)
    {
        $credentials = [
            'email' => $request->request->get('email'),
            'password' => $request->request->get('password'),
            'csrf_token' => $request->request->get('_csrf_token'),
        ];
        $request->getSession()->set(Security::LAST_USERNAME, $credentials['email']);

        return $credentials;
    }

    public function getUser($credentials, UserProviderInterface $userProvider)
    {
        $token = new CsrfToken('authenticate', $credentials['csrf_token']);
        if (!$this->csrfTokenManager->isTokenValid($token)) {
            throw new InvalidCsrfTokenException();
        }

        $user = $this->entityManager->getRepository(User::class)->findOneBy(['email' => $credentials['email']]);

        if (!$user) {
            // fail authentication with a custom error
            throw new CustomUserMessageAuthenticationException(self::GENERIC_ERROR_MESSAGE);
        }

        return $user;
    }

    public function checkCredentials($credentials, UserInterface $user)
    {
        $authResponse = $this->authApiClientService->authenticationRequest(
            $credentials['email'],
            $credentials['password'],
            'EASY_ADMIN'
        );

        $statusCode = $authResponse->getStatusCode();

        switch ($statusCode) {
            case 200:
            case 204:
                return true;
            case 401:
                throw new CustomUserMessageAuthenticationException(self::GENERIC_ERROR_MESSAGE);
            case 403:
                throw new CustomUserMessageAuthenticationException(self::APP_ACCESS_ERROR_MESSAGE);
        }

        throw new HttpException(502, "Unexpected Authentication error ($statusCode)");
    }

    /**
     * Used to upgrade (rehash) the user's password automatically over time.
     * @param $credentials
     * @return string|null
     */
    public function getPassword($credentials): ?string
    {
        return $credentials['password'];
    }

    public function onAuthenticationSuccess(Request $request, TokenInterface $token, $providerKey)
    {
        if ($targetPath = $this->getTargetPath($request->getSession(), $providerKey)) {
            return new RedirectResponse($targetPath);
        }

        return new RedirectResponse('/');
    }

    protected function getLoginUrl()
    {
        return $this->urlGenerator->generate(self::LOGIN_ROUTE);
    }
}

A: Deactivating the opcache preload solved issue.

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text:
Johann Friedrich Knapp ist der Name folgender Personen:

* Johann Friedrich Knapp (Politiker) (1776–1848), deutscher Politiker und Altertumsforscher
 Johann Friedrich Knapp (Schriftsteller) (1780–nach 1832), deutscher Schriftsteller

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Category:Touhou Suimusou: Immaterial and Missing Power - Shoryuken Wiki!
Touhou Suimusou: Immaterial and Missing Power is a 2D fighting game released in 2004.
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This page was last modified on 11 February 2012, at 03:55.