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Online Articles: 2016 ›
Online Features ›
'Last Day of Freedom' Filmmakers on Animation, Trauma and Loss
By Tom White
Editor's note: Over the next few days, we at IDA will be introducing our community to the films that have been honored by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences with an Oscar® nomination in the documentary category. You can see Last Day of Freedom on Saturday, February 27 at 6:25 p.m. at the Writers Guild of America Theater as part of DocuDay LA.
Making a film about PTSD opens up many creative possibilities to render mental trauma in a cinematic fashion. For filmmakers Dee Hibbert-Jones and Nomi Talisman, animation served as the best medium to capture Bill Babbit telling the story of his brother Manny, a Vietnam veteran who could not escape the war in his mind—and paid a tragic price for it. With music by Fred Frith and sound design by Jeremiah Moore, Last Day of Freedom takes viewers on a sad and surreal journey. The film has earned numerous accolades on the road to the Academy Award nomination, including an IDA Documentary Award for Best Documentary Short.
We talked to Hibbert-Jones and Talisman by Skype and by phone about the process of making their film and the many issues it addresses.
When you were pursuing ideas for your film, how did you arrive at the subject for Last Day of Freedom?
Nomi Talisman: I had a day job as a media producer for a nonprofit in San Francisco that does death penalty plea work, and we used to interview witnesses with them. Their specialty is mitigating circumstances, mostly mental health issues. So I would interview people like Bill, who had a close family member on death row, and sometimes community members, experts, teachers. And I would tell Dee, "These are amazing stories. They're really heartbreaking."
We went back to the organization and we said, "We'd like to do something." Because neither of us come from a film background—we come from an art background—we thought it was going to be a little installation, maybe with a little bit of video in it. We got some recommendations to talk to people, we did several interviews, and we came back and we said, "We really think it needs to be a film, it really needs to be a story, and we really want someone who can actually look back and track events and tell a story from beginning to end."
So they recommended Bill to us. Before we talked to Bill, we questioned how much we wanted to include PTSD in a story that was so complex and layered. PTSD is obviously a very prominent factor in both the people we interviewed and the defenders. But in Bill's case, because Manny was a Vietnam vet and because of his brain injury as a child, it was much more prominent than we anticipated.
So the film was, first of all, about the situation that a person finds themselves in, but because of this particular story, it came to be so much about PTSD.
Dee Hibbert-Jones: Nomi and I have been working together since 2004, and the majority of our films, new media and exhibition projects have been about individuals who find themselves in extreme circumstances that connect to larger systems and subjects. Nomi came back from her day job saying, "Well, the experience of the families of prisoners on death row are such an extreme version of that." Looking at the families, you'll find them implicated and judged for issues that are frequently nothing that they are personally connected to.
Nomi mentioned that you both came from an art background and you had initially envisioned this film as an installation and you ended up making an animated documentary. Particularly in talking to Bill, how did you determine that animation would be the best artistic solution for telling Bill's and Manny's stories?
DHJ: When we started, we were not sure. We were basically interviewing several family members and we were going to continue to produce their stories later. But we were looking for a story that would capture a lot of these issues. So our very first story was a family that requested anonymity. So we actually started with the notion of animation based on the idea of an anonymous person needing anonymity. However, as we began to experiment with animation, we realized it had these incredible opportunities to tell stories that were very violent and powerfully painful in ways that would perhaps allow access to those stories without any sensationalistic elements.
When we came to Bill's story, we began with the idea that we were going to look at hesitations and stutterings and trauma and silences, which is ridiculous because Bill is such an eloquent storyteller. But then we realized we didn't want to chase his story—we didn't want to either re-enact his story or have whatever he was directly telling be what was happening on the screen. So that added to our belief that animation could be an exciting way of working with this because we could work metaphorically.
We could put you into Manny's mind. We could put you into Bill's mental state—the memories, the isolations—through these drawings. So animation started out as a way to handle an issue, and became a powerful way to tell a story beyond the actual literal storytelling that Bill so powerfully does on his own.
I thought of Waltz with Bashir, mainly because it's about memory and traumatic memory, and how we process traumatic memory, which is not always a perfect rendering of one's experience; it's more of an abstract one, and something that gets to a deeper truth about trauma. Did you think of Waltz with Bashir as an inspiration for Last Day of Freedom?
NT: We know the film. I actually grew up in Israel and I met Ari Folman many years ago. We were really looking into different ways that animation has been used. One of the films that we really liked—not necessarily for all of the visuals, but for how inventive it is—is Ryan. Even though our animation looks nothing like it, Ryan was very inspiring to think about how different parts can be presented from different points of view. The way that we worked is so similar to drawing, in some ways more even than Waltz with Bashir. There are lot of places where we started with a blank page with very little on it, and I think that people buy into it and understand the landscape to be both real and unreal because they know the language of drawing.
What we tried to do is in different scenes that have different emotional resonances, or refer to a different era, is match the tone with what you see on the screen. For example, we took all the archival footage from the exact same locations where Manny was in Vietnam and we looked into a way to somehow reference that type of footage with charcoal drawings on paper, which seemed to be the closest to 16 mm footage; it had an analog quality to it.
So we tried to match things back and forth. In regard to layering history and memory within animation, it's easier to accept it as a viewer. Even though we have some stuff that definitely doesn't look like real, a lot of it is based on real footage and real things. So it's kind of accurate in reality, but then we pushed it to the language of drawing.
DHJ: We were absolutely inspired by all sorts of animation and also different filmic qualities. We also looked at drawing and illustration and graphics, so we really tried to lean back into our backgrounds to be inspired by it—line quality, texture, the framing on a page and some of those kind of qualities we were really thinking about. I mentioned this once before in an interview: Tatiana Trouvé, who's actually a sculptor and she does incredible drawings, was an incredible inspiration because her drawings are so minimal and removed and clean.
Given what you just told me about your process, what were the key challenges in being true to Bill's and Manny's stories and to your vision of how their stories would be rendered cinematically?
DHJ: Well, one of the true challenges of any animation is the amount of drawings. There are literally 32,000 drawings. [For example], there's a moment when the windshield wipers are going back and forth. Nomi started thinking about this idea of having this swipe when you have two kinds of states, one of which is Bill's and the other Manny's, so that raindrops on a windshield could look like explosions, and then you could be wiped away. And I wasn't convinced by the idea. She kept saying, "Wait a minute, it's just two weeks. Let me just do the drawings first." And then I saw them and said, "OK. I can see that looks pretty good."
So that's literally the time it takes to create an idea. And then there's the fact that you're representing a real experience to someone, so we worked closely with Bill to make sure that he didn't feel like he was being drawn in a way he didn't feel comfortable with. In fact, I was interested to discover that when we broadcast, we had to get Errors & Omissions insurance; apparently, one of the highest insurances is for animation because people sue for that.
Bill was really excited by the way we represented him. Even thinking about that, how does one describe an individual who's so strong and so frail and broken at the same time, through line quality? For a long time we really worked on how thick that line should be— should it be broken? Should this line be drawn? How close in? Does it feel comfortable for him? For us? Aside from how does one represent an execution, how does one represent the driving-up to witness your brother being executed?
And that's what was so exciting about working collaboratively: We broke the whole film down into sectional scenes and then worked on them metaphorically before we started drawing, to think about how each section could be drawn and should be drawn and emotionally what we thought the tenor of those pieces were. And we were lucky enough to be able to work with Bill and have that dialogue with him.
I want to shift to the sound and the music. Fred Frith is pretty known quantity. Did you always have him in mind as a composer/performer?
NT: Fred was absolutely our top choice. We both got out Masters at Mills College, where Fred was teaching music, so we knew him. We just approached him and said, "Look, we have this film. We don't know how much you charge for this, and we don't know if you're interested, but we'd really like to work with you." And the first thing that he asked was, "Why me?" We wanted somebody who really knows his craft. The other thing is, his conversations vary so much and he has a lot of experience working with film.
We were thinking back and forth about what kind of sound we wanted. We showed him the film; it wasn't fully animated but it was quite a bit of the design. He had a bunch of ideas, but when he went to studio to record it the first time, he changed his mind and said, "You know, this is like a blues composition. Bill is the singer, he's telling a story and everything else should be arranged around it. Bill's the main instrument." So he went with that.
And then we worked with a very good sound designer, Jeremiah Moore, who had done a lot of work on documentaries too. He put in all of these other layers and in the last mix we were thinking of how to use the sound to punctuate Bill's story. And the great thing is, Fred can do more with less notes, which was definitely another thing that we were interested in.
When we sit now in the theater and actually listen to the whole thing with a good sound system, it's really incredible to see all these layers and experiences that you get from two very talented people. And yet the main thing is Bill's story and his voice. So that was so important to us, and we're so pleased that both of them totally got it.
DHJ: For me I was really appreciative of the fact that both of them—because they're such consummate professionals—could afford to have Bill's voice be prominent and really foreground that voice. Nobody had a big ego and needed their part to be larger than the story of this man telling his story.
How did Jeremiah Moore and Fred Frith work together? What was their process?
NT: The process was through us, so we worked with both. So first Fred came up with a composition, we toyed around with it, went back and we were in studio with him, working, and then we took that to Jeremiah, we worked with him on all of the sound compositions and then on the stems. There was a moment where we hacked apart all the stems of all the different sounds he had made, and we were sitting with Fred and all of the sudden we realized, "Oh my God, we just messed with Fred's composition!"
He was really generous and he said, "Hey that's good. Well, if you did that we should do this." So we worked between the two; we went back and forth. They never sat together. They were generous enough to allow us to have a very heavy hand in it and be really clear about what we wanted. So it was a lot of collaborative engagement.
There's a wealth of issues in the film—PTSD, mental health, the death penalty, racism, veterans rights, the justice system. Have you worked with, or shown the film to, organizations that address these issues? What's the future of the film as an outreach and education tool?
NT: We worked with the organizations pretty closely, and during the time we worked on the film, we had managed to gather a pretty extensive list of advisors from all these fields. And we've done some screening in these places. We worked quite closely with Equal Justice USA; besides death penalty work, they really work hard in restorative justice, which is very interesting to us. The same goes for Community Resource Initiative, an organization that we worked with.
We also did several screenings in law schools. What we hope to do with the rest of the project is other interviews. We have some funding to create a series of short films with people who are in the same situation as Bill. This collection of films will also add some political context to these issues and, as with Last Day of Freedom, will have a pretty strong educational and outreach component.
DHJ: We have advisors who are specialists on botched executions, we have advisors on racial justice, we have advisors in psychology—pretty much a broad range of issues. This morning I got an email from Bennington College saying that there was a professor of psychology who's interested in showing the film.
We have connections from law schools, we have connections from film schools. We're hoping that we could work within those organizations and with individuals who are already committed to these issues, and also work outside and try to reach other communities. One of the most powerful groups we reached was Mission High, which is a high school in San Francisco. At the end of the film, the class started this whole conversation about whether or not Bill is a snitch and whether or not it's okay to kind of shuck your brother. What does it mean to have responsibility and civic responsibility? And all of those kids are from the most impacted areas of Bayview-Hunters Point in San Francisco.
So we really are trying to reach out to different communities. We just signed an educational distribution contract, and we're really invested in continuing this project. We're still fundraising for that to try to get other stories and also have our advisors bring facts and information to it so we can keep bringing these issues to the fore—all the issues you were talking about and also notions of infrastructure, educational failures that happened to Manny so early in his life, medical support. There really are so many issues that this story touches on.
Tom White is editor of Documentary magazine and content editor of documentary.org.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Dunaújváros ([]) est une ville de Hongrie centrale, le long du Danube, dans le comitat de Fejér. En 2001, la population est de .

Histoire
Dunaújváros est l'une des villes les plus récentes de Hongrie. Elle fut bâtie dans les années 1950, pendant l'industrialisation du pays sous le régime socialiste, près d'un village déjà existant, Dunapentele.C'est aussi la ville de naissance du joueur de hockey sur glace Adam Hegyi.

Dunapentele

Peuplé depuis deux mille ans, il était appelé Intercisa à l'époque romaine et protégeait les frontières orientales de l'empire. Après la grande migration des peuples, les Hongrois s'installèrent sur ce territoire; leur commune fut nommée après Saint Pantaléon – le petit monastère qui se situait sur une île proche du Danube était consacré au saint grec. Pendant la domination ottomane (1541-1688) le bourg se dépeupla presque totalement, puis il connut une forte immigration en provenance des Balkans, principalement de la Serbie. Les serbes (rácz) participèrent à la guerre d'indépendance de François II Rákóczi contre les Habsbourg, mais après l'échec de la révolte la petite ville fut détruite. Au cours du  une population hongroise fut réinstallée et le bourg vécut des années de développement constant.

Sztálinváros/Dunaújváros

Après la Deuxième Guerre mondiale le nouveau gouvernement communiste décida d'industrialiser le pays détruit, et en 1949 il choisit le territoire actuel de la ville pour y construire le plus grand haut fourneau en Hongrie, qui devait profiter de sa situation au bord du fleuve. Le gouvernement avait voulu placer le haut fourneau à Mohács, mais cette ville était située tout près de la Yougoslavie, avec laquelle les relations diplomatiques étaient gelées.

Les travaux de construction commencèrent en 1950 près de Dunapentele. Au cours de la première année plus de  appartements furent bâtis, et la construction du fourneau commença également. Pour gagner la bienveillance du dictateur soviétique, les autorités hongroises lui donnèrent en 1952 le nom de Staline (Sztálinváros « Stalineville »), à l'instar de Stalingrad, en URSS.

Les hauts fourneaux furent inaugurés en 1954, et la population de la ville augmenta jusqu'à , dont 85 % vivaient dans des appartements neufs et confortables. Cependant  habitaient dans des baraquements temporaires – qu'utilisèrent les ouvriers bâtisseurs. Dans la deuxième partie de la décennie plusieurs établissements sportifs et culturels virent le jour. C'est à Sztálinváros que se trouvait la plus grande école primaire d'Europe centrale – Ságváry Endre Általános Iskola.

Les constructions de cette période – l'hôpital, le théâtre, le cinéma et le haut fourneau – sont des exemples uniques du réalisme socialiste et de l'urbanisme communiste. Habitat de l'homme socialiste idéal, la structure et l'architecture de la ville étaient fonctionnelles mais prirent aussi un caractère idéologique : l'implantation des appartements fut conçue selon la philosophie du Bauhaus, mais les façades comportent des éléments décoratifs d'inspiration classique, c'est pourquoi ce style est souvent appelé 'baroque stalinien'.

Au cours de l'insurrection de 1956, les citoyens de ce « paradis communiste » surprirent leurs dirigeants en articulant le mécontentement contre le régime : ils rebaptisèrent la ville « Dunapentele », firent fonctionner une radio locale, et combattirent contre les troupes soviétiques, qui finirent par occuper la ville après de durs combats.

Sous le régime de János Kádár la ville garda son importance industrielle et politique; elle resta une « ville socialiste modèle » et le symbole du pouvoir prolétaire. Grâce à son rôle, la ville était la destination préférée des délégations politiques étrangères : parmi d'autres, Youri Gagarine et le président indonésien Sukarno s'y rendirent.

En 1961, pendant la déstalinisation, la ville fut rebaptisée Dunaújváros (« ville nouvelle sur le Danube »).
Les hauts fourneaux fonctionnent toujours actuellement; l'entreprise Dunaferr en est le gestionnaire ainsi que le plus grand employeur de la région.
Cette « ville socialiste modèle » est considérée aujourd'hui comme un véritable musée du communisme à ciel ouvert, où les visiteurs viennent respirer l'atmosphère d'une époque disparue.

Galerie

Jumelages
La ville de Dunaújváros est jumelée avec :

Notes et références

Liens externes

Ville en Hongrie
Ville nouvelle
Ville et village dans le comitat de Fejér
Ville universitaire en Hongrie

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Faya-Largeau è la più importante città del Ciad settentrionale. Capoluogo della regione di Borkou e   capoluogo del dipartimento, ha una popolazione di 9.867 abitanti (dato del 1993).

Originariamente chiamata   Faya fu rinominata  Largeau in epoca coloniale per poi assumere il nome attuale dopo l'indipendenza.

L'attività principale è l'agricoltura, la città dispone di ampie riserve sotterranee d'acqua, inoltre a nord si trovano tre laghi. Situata al termine di alcune piste del Sahara funge da centro per i commerci delle merci provenienti dal Fezzan e dall'oasi di Cufra.

Faya-Largeau dispone di una pista di atterraggio asfaltata (IATA: FYT, ICAO: FTTY).

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

Sottoprefetture del dipartimento di Borkou


"Left Chicken In Crockpot Overnight "
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Fat-Burning Bone Broth Alcoholic Drink Left Chicken In Crockpot Overnight.
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Bone broth is rich in glycine, an anti-inflammatory amino acid that services the Central Nervous System (CNS). When taken prior to bed as a supplement, researches show glycine can improve rest high quality as well as minimize daytime drowsiness. It's a lot more effective when coupled with other sleep-supportive nutrients, like calcium and magnesium.
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Bone broth is an exceptional resource of nourishment on the Paleo diet, and also is encouraged to consume during periods of recurring fasting. It also suits well with macronutrient demands on the keto diet, and also may help in reducing signs and symptoms of the keto flu.
" Not just can bone broth help you prevent keto flu, however it's also loaded with minerals that recover leaking digestive tract and minimize inflammation in your intestinal tracts." - Leanne Vogel, Author of The Keto Diet plan.
The nutrition and also healing possibility of bone broth is so effective, that an entire diet regimen-- The Bone Broth Diet Plan-- has actually been produced around it.
The nutrients in bone broth make it an effective practical food that can benefit your entire family members-- including your hair babies. Bone broth is good for your animal's glossy layer, bones, joints, digestion, and teeth.
Here you can figure out how Nellie, a 15 years of age rescue pup, beat her chances of living by only drinking bone broth.
Loaded with protein - Chicken is a terrific protein source and also very same goes for hen bones. Pot & Fire bone broth comes packed with 10 grams of protein per serving Left Chicken In Crockpot Overnight.
Decreases intestine swelling - Bone broth aids heal as well as secure a dripping intestine which is the root cause for several autoimmune illness.
Rich in bone marrow - Bone broth made from 100% grass fed cattle and also simmered over lengthy cook times removes bone marrow which contains healthy nourishing hormones and also lipids.
No. Plants are a great source of vitamins and minerals that can help boost your body to create its very own collagen, but there is no recognized plant food that supplies kind II collagen, the form that provides every one of the wellness benefits noted above.
One point to take into consideration regarding bone broth that sets it besides plant foods: Also if you do consume a range of plants that are abundant in collagen-boosting nutrients, if you have a damaged gastrointestinal system or leaky intestine, you might not completely absorb them. On the other hand, the collagen in bone broth is extremely easy to take in, even for those with jeopardized digestive system systems.
Certainly, you do not simply need to consume it-- although we do have a free as well as legendary downloadable bone broth sipping overview for when you do. You can mix bone broth into your environment-friendly smoothie mixes, make healthy and balanced collagen gummy bears, as well as use it in everything from rushed eggs, soups, curries, stews, morning meal bowls, and also tacos.
We slow-simmer the natural bones to remove the collagen, proteins, as well as amino acids right into a nutrient-rich bone broth. The outcome is a collagen-rich, high protein bone broth that provides your body the nutrients it needs to flourish.
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Bones and connective tissue are warehouses for vital amino acids and minerals-- which are lacking in lots of diet plans today. Bone Broth is also a very useful source of protein, collagen and jelly.
It's not viable to consume whole bones or cells, however you can still delight in these health benefits by drinking bone broth. Collagen is extracted when you simmer bones for a long period of time. Usually, the longer bone broth simmers, the even more collagen you'll extract.
Making bone broth is a basic procedure, however one that needs plenty of time and also patience. If time is out your side we can help you out with that said.
Bone broth is made by simmering pet bones and tissue for at the very least 10 hrs with vegetables, herbs, and also spices such as thyme, garlic, as well as bay leaves. Top quality bone broth begins with high-grade active ingredients, making use of bones from natural grass-fed animals and organic veggies. While any type of bone or tendon can be used, knuckles, hen feet, and also thigh bones have a tendency to include one of the most collagen.
Simmering bones for an extended amount of time is what gives bone broth its health benefits, removing the amino acids, minerals, and collagen. This is a Pot & Fire-tested sluggish stove poultry bone broth dish that includes organic chicken bones, sea salt, fresh veggies like celery stalks, onions, and bell peppers, as well as natural herbs like parsley, rosemary, and thyme.
Merely cooking bones (no meat) and also water is going to be mainly flavorless. Cooking the mixture for hours at a time isn't mosting likely to make it taste any kind of much better.
The concept that you're obtaining lots of nutrients from the bones is a MYTH that won't pass away, even though it has actually been disproved many times, consisting of via laboratory tests. The notion that adding vinegar to "launch" those nutrients has additionally been unmasked. You simply wind up with a watery mess that tastes of vinegar.
Rather, buy bones with meat on them. Then add veggies such as onions, carrots, celery, as well as simply adequate water to cover everything (normally 8 or 10 cups). Skip the vinegar! Simmer for 3 to 4 hrs for hen, a little longer for beef. Period according to preference. If you have an Instantaneous Pot, 25 to 35 minutes is about right.
What you will certainly obtain with this approach is a really tasty broth that's possibly dramatically much more nutritious-- including lots of collagen-- and also even more healthy than any bone broth, and it will certainly taste one hell of a whole lot much better. You can either consume the meat and also veggies (it's called SOUP) or you can stress them out and simply drink the broth if you like.
Check Ina Garten's recipe for hen broth. It's really similar to this and also has actually been made use of with small variants by knowledgeable chefs for decades.
Routine broth as well as supply are simmered for a shorter amount of time than bone broth, around 2-- 6 hrs. The expedited cooking process reduces the amount of helpful jelly drawn out from the bones, minimizing its ability to boost the immune system, heal gastrointestinal problems, as well as reduce the signs and symptoms of dripping intestine.
Before Kettle and Fire was birthed, one of our co-founders, Nick, tore his ACL playing football (ouch). His bro Justin became aware of the advantages of bone broth for injury recuperation. As his routine really did not leave much time to make bone broth from the ground up, he set out to buy a store-bought, high-grade, grass-fed bone broth, given that both of their active schedules really did not leave much time to make the broth themselves. (You can learn more regarding our story here.).
No matter how tough Justin looked, the optimal bone broth didn't exist. He looked for one that was one hundred percent organic, fresh-- never ever frozen-- grass-fed, as well as slow-moving simmered (as well as one that can be shipped without inefficient, clunky product packaging). So, Nick and also Justin determined to create a premium bone broth on their terms, which is the dish we're honored to offer you today.
" Kettle & Fire offers a beneficial, high quality bone broth in a scrumptious and hassle-free shelf-stable layout. I enjoy constantly knowing that I've obtained fantastic broth accessible, without clogging up my freezer or needing defrosting." - Dr. Sarah Ballantyne, three-time NYT Best-Selling Author.
The gorgeous thing about bone broth is that there's actually no restriction to just how you can add it to your diet regimen. Aside from soups, stews, and also simple ol' drinking, bone broth mixes remarkably well into almost any type of dish-- also shakes! Below are our leading ways to obtain it:.
Our bone broth preferences tasty enough to sip by itself, however you can seasoning it up to fit your taste buds. We created our favorite flavor mixes in this totally free downloadable "Bone Broth Sipping Guide" (bone broth matcha cappucinos, anybody?). Get your complimentary copy right here.
Consuming bone broth does not have to be monotonous-- there are endless ways to spice it as well as sip it. Obtain immediate access to over 15 of our preferred bone broth sipping mixes, including ginger as well as turmeric bone broth restorative as well as chili, and cardamom bone broth elixir. Discover how to make use of bone broth in your matcha lattes, golden milk, and tropical fruit smoothies.
Our beef bone broth has a light taste, which enables it to mix quickly with virtually anything, from healthy smoothies to healthy and balanced gummy bears. Our hen bone broth and also mushroom poultry bone broth improve the full-flavored taste of soups, stews, and also risotto dishes. A few of our favorites consist of:.
The Bone Broth Diet not just increases your consumption of the recovery nutrients and compounds essential for digestive tract, skin, joint, as well as bone health, but aids deal with systemic inflammation, which is at the source of most Western diseases and also diseases.
The bone broth diet is a 21-day strategy that's perfect for anybody suffering from a chronic wellness problem (such as an autoimmune problem), or anyone that intends to reset their digestion system and also experience radiant health and wellness. Find out more concerning the 21-day bone broth diet plan below.


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CompuPro - History
CompuPro started out as a company call Godbout Electronics founded by one of the legends of the early micro-computer era, Bill Godbout. Unlike some of the other S-100 computer founders Bill had quite a bit of experience in building and selling computer/electronic equipment. He started in the business working as a manager and buyer for a guy named Mike Quinn who had a legendry electronics equipment store near Oakland Airport in California. Mike's store in the early 70's was a hive of activity where pioneers in the field like Lee Felsenstein, Bob Marsh & Gordon French (Processor Tech) , George Morrow (ThinkerToys, Morrow Designs) , Chuck Grant & Mark Greenberg (Northstar Computers) , Howard Fulmer (Equinox-100), Brent Wright (Fulcrum) and many others hung out. Eventually Bill started his own mail order business in the early 1970's selling electronic experimenter kits. He setup in the building behind Mike Quinn -- thereby always being in contact with new products, ideas and people.
Bill started in the S-100 board business in 1976 by selling RAM memory boards out of his Godbout Electronics mail order business. His contacts and experience in getting chips fast and at good prices help him get going quickly and allowed Godbout Electronics to fill a market need for boards that Altair, IMASI and even Processor Technologies could not meet in those early days. In the end Godbout/CopmuPro had more different types of S-100 RAM boards than anybody else in the business. All their boards were static RAM boards. As the business grew the evolved into most other S-100 board types eventually putting together complete S-100 systems. Their S-100 boxes were arguably the most solid and reliable ever made. His innovative products played a large part in the success of the S-100. Bill played a major role in setting the specs for the S-100 bus IEEE-696 standard, being one of its authors.
CompuPro made a number of complete systems over the years. The CompuPro 8/16 came in various forms of capability and probably represented the best example of a S-100 boards cooperating with each other. It was one of the last commercial systems to come out for the S-100 bus. There are still some of these boxes around still working! At a late point in the companies history CompuPro started to call themselves Viasyn. Late boards were labeled with this name.
The CompuPro 8/16 was probably the last commercial system to come out for the S-100 that was marketed to both hobbyists and commercial users in the mid to late 1980s. However like Cromemco, Compupro designed and sold even more advanced systems based on the S-100 bus to commercial users up until they went out of business in 1990/91. These systems were of little interest to hobbyists because of their extreme cost, and the fact they were primarily designed to support connections to multiple users each working at a "dumb terminal".
A note of caution: some of the later Viasyn boards and systems were run without the voltage regulators on the boards. Instead, 5V was supplied on a non-standard S-100 bus. If you put these boards into a standard S-100 system without the regulators reattached, you will fry the board IC's.
Some notes about CompuPro Boards.
Without checking the revision number of a motherboard, you can tell if you have a late model Compupro Motherboard. Is there a cross-hatch pattern grounding grid showing on the motherboard? If so, then that is a late motherboard.
There is a difference in CompuPro motherboards between the early and late ones. On a late Compupro Motherboard, some pins may be grounded, while others are no-longer grounded when compared to early, non-IEEE motherboards. This can result is that some S100 boards or board sets will not work without modifications.
The "SR-1504 label" if present, often denotes that this motherboard was once a service replacement that was held by one of the Third Party Service Companies that Compupro was contracting with. At one time, Compupro tried contracting third party companies (probably TRW and Xerox), for warranty and extended service contracts. Compupro was required to furnish replacement parts to those Companies, and the parts were marked so they could be identified. The Experiment was a failure, as those Companies were not able to furnish techs. who were competent in S-100 computer repair. Eventually after the agreements with those companies ended the parts came back to Compupro and were liquidated.
An "ECO Label" denotes when a Factory Engineered Modification was done. Many Authorized System Centers did not apply stickers if they did field modifications however. The Compupro Factory always applied ECO Labels, including newly built boards on the Factory assembly line.
An "SP-XXXX Label" denotes a CompuPro S100 board that was sold as a Factory 2nd for some reason (usually after about 1985). Prior to about 1985, a Dremel tool was used to hand etch a mark (usually on the rear of the board) on 2nd quality boards that were later sold at the San Jose Computer Swap meet or from a magazine ad. SP-XXXX boards passed all production tests at the time they were made, or after they were repaired, and could simply be an old revision, or a returned defective, and repaired. These boards worked at whatever standard at the time that board revision was in production, when they were sold by Compupro.
A new board that has passed all production testing would have three colored dots along the top edge on the front of the board: yellow, green, and blue. A "CSC "(certified system component) board got a longer burn-in, longer warranty, and were trans-shipped in the case that a board failed under warranty. CSC boards had an orange dot added, plus a CSC serial number added in felt marker, or later on a white label.
A red color dot signifies a DEFECTIVE BOARD or the LOCATION of a DEFECT. Occasionally you might see a board with one or two color dots, and a red dot. That board was never completed, never worked completely correctly, failed in production testing and was not repairable. These kinds of boards were occasionally disposed of at the San Jose Computer Swap meet, or by Silicone Valley Junk Dealers. They never worked!
Information kindly supplied by Michael Louie.
Other CompuPro S-100 Boards
CPU8085-88 CPU86-87 CPU-Z Disk1 Disk1A Disk1B Disk2 Disk3 EconoROM2708 Interfacer 1
RAM Boards Interfacer 3 Interfacer 4 Interfacer II M-Drive MPX-Board PC-Video
System-Support1 System-Support2 SPIO Spectrum SP186 CPU-286 68000 32016 SPUZ
his page was last modified on 10/16/2017


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Omega-3 - Fish Oil Supplements? Do They Actually Work?
How much EPA and DHA should you be getting in order to help decrease acne inflammation?
How long until I start seeing results, if they actually work for me?
If you take omega 3 supplements, which brand do you use?
Well it certainly won't hurt! Omega 3 is an anti inflammatory nutrient that reduces body inflammation and is great for overall health!
My belief it that if you keep a healthy body, mind, and soul your acne will heal on its own.
I take a liquid because I cannot swallow pills but any type of pill would work.
I also would recommend taking pro biotics as they put the good bacteria back into your system which helps with digestive health and studies show that good digestive health leads to good skin.
Good luck Sister! We will always have the fight with acne, but in the end it makes us stronger people.
Omega 3 fish oil is a mild 5-alpha reductase inhibitor, meaning it will decrease dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in men. DHT is a strong androgen, far stronger than testosterone, therefore it causes hormonal acne in men. Omega 3 also helps your cardiovascular system, makes your blood thinner, but I do not see a way how thinner blood would benefit acne. I take 3 capsules a day (= 930mg EPA, 615mg DHA a day in total) and it clears maybe 2-3% of my acne, barely noticeable, I might even be imagining the difference I'm not sure. And for females I dont see a way this would help at all, other than general well being, but I might be wrong.
I have tried putting all my eggs in the supplment basket and i've been disappointed each and every time.
She is totally right! Balance is key, relying on one thing in any cirumstance is bad.
I currently am going through Aramis laser, taking Minocyclin, and topical clyndmacin.
But I know that is not enough on its own, so I also avoid Dairy and Gluten to help with inflammation, plus take Zinc (for overall skin health), Omega 3 fatty acids (for fatty acid balance), and probitoics (to help with antibiotic side effects).
The life of an acne sufferer is strict, but someday we will rid ourselves of this horrible skin condition!
I recommend you look into "Fermented Cod Liver Oil" and "High Vitamin Butter Fat" for your source of omega 3, 6, 7, 9, etc., and vitamins A, D/D3, Calcium, K2 (which prevents the A and D from becoming toxic), etc. .
Trust me, it will save you the trouble of learning 'fish oil pills' are 'crap' and don't work long term (same as synthetic vitamin d3), the hard way.
Huge help. Necessary things for clear skin. Not a 'cure-all' though.


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Home \ Ghana imports $135m fish in 2015
Ghana imports $135m fish in 2015
Source: dailyguideafrica.com
October 25, 2016 at 9:12 am | Leave a comment
Ghana imported $135 million worth of fish last year due to the reduction in the country's fish stock, Sherry Ayittey, Minister for Fisheries and Aquaculture, has stated.
Ms Ayittey, who disclosed this during the commemoration of the 1st anniversary of the adoption of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Accra recently, said Ghana's fish stock has reduced because of the pollution of ocean with plastic materials which has gravely affected aquatic life five nautical miles offshore.
She also blamed the situation on the chronic challenges of over fishing, habitat change and pollution, which had affected fish breeding.
Because of the aforementioned, all tuna vessels had been put out of sea for two months to help build Ghana's fish stock, she said, adding that small fishing trawlers would be out of sea in November to achieve the same objectives.
"Five vessels have so far been sanctioned after they were found to be fishing around the country's buffer zone near her oil rigs. They were made to pay huge fines.
"Any vessel caught offloading fish on the high seas is a violation of marine laws and attracts $2 million. Those who are caught for the second time would pay $1 million."
Ghana, currently, is able to produce 20,000 metric tons of fish annually although Ghanaians consume 950,000 metric tons of fish annually.
Waste disposal monitoring
In order to help the check the pollution of the ocean, she said her outfit was working with international organizations that are using satellite systems to monitor vessels that dispose of waste on the high seas and also fight illegal fishing.
Piracy and drug trafficking
"Piracy attracts very serious sanctions in our oceans. Pirates stop vessels on high seas and seize marine oils and other goods. Lately, oceans are being used for drug trafficking to Ghanaian villages.
"The drug lords have now resorted to using the sea routes for trafficking drugs after they realized that they were intercepted at the airports."
A Norwegian research vessel, which was contracted to examine the beaches of Ghana from Aflao to Axim, found that due to new policies in place, Ghana's fish resources were beginning to increase.
Ms Ayittey added that her outfit was ready to insure about a million fishermen, adding that it was also planting coconut trees to prevent coastal erosion.
She urged NDPC to consider urban housing for communities along the coast.
She called on the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to regulate mining companies so that cyanide and mercury would not be spilled into river bodies to negatively affect food security.
Fish contributes over $1 billion every year (4.2 percent) to Ghana's gross domestic product and makes 60 percent contributions to animal protein consumption.
Between 1700 and 1800 when Fantes introduced fishing to Ghana, they extended fishing to Benin and Nigeria.
Ghanaian fishermen are currently found in most ECOWAS countries.
Ten percent of Ghanaians are engaged directly and indirectly in fishing.
Tony Mensah-Abrampam, Country Director of Praxis Africa, organizers of the event, urged the media to help educate Ghanaians on how to keep the ocean clean and help protect fish.
Gov't yet to release funds for Farmers' day celebrations
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Government will empower fishers – Minister
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Adapt weighing scales to make agriculture attractive _ GARDJA leadership calls


Insomniac Games' Spider-Man for the PS4 was one of the highlights of Sony's E3 2017 Media Showcase last night and for good reason.
Jellyfish, puzzles and a bit of aquatic ambience.
Insomniac is working with Marvel and Sony on what is already looking like a super awesome new Spider-man title.
Everyone's favorite lombax/robot team debut on the PS4 with a reimagining of their first game. Did the original's charm make the jump to the PS4?
Insomniac Games this morning finally provided us with a look at their original new multiplatform action-adventure project.
Ratchet & Clank are headed to PS4, and here's a whole bunch of video (plus an official announcement), to prove it.
Are you an Xbox One owner, an Xbox Live Gold subscriber and still on the fence regarding Insomniac Games' awesomely-enjoyable XB1 exclusive? Check out the full game this weekend.
Insomniac Games and Microsoft have a full week of festivities planned before the Awesomepocalypse. Read on for the details and the new gameplay launch trailer.
Insomniac Games' unique and crazy upcoming Xbox One release gets a uniquely crazy new trailer.
The newly revealed $20 season pass includes the first 3 game add-ons which include outfits, weapons, campaign locations, bosses and more.
Another collection of PS2 classics comes to the Vita. Is this one worth your time, or is it a buggy mess? Read on to find out!


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GVNext
GV Magazine
Laker Effect
GV Now
GVSU researchers create trustworthiness index of Michigan's largest publicly-held companies
Researchers from the Koeze Business Ethics Initiative in the Seidman College of Business at Grand Valley State University have created a trustworthiness index of Michigan's 18 largest publicly-held companies.
Three Grand Valley professors examined and analyzed the companies' performances in five major categories: treatment of stakeholders, branding and reputation, leadership and governance, ethics and values and financial strength.
A variety of sources, including outside rankings, commentary, websites and publicly available data were used to determine weighting and rankings of trustworthiness. The study also included analysis of wages and benefits, employee turnover and safety record, among a number of other factors.
A numerical score representing trustworthiness was ranked on a five-point scale, with the number 5 representing the highest level of trustworthiness. Information was drawn and analyzed from publicly available databases (e.g., CapIQ and KLD), scholarly and journalistic papers and articles (e.g., Fortune, Forbes, Wall Street Journal), professional trade magazines, surveys and other sources. These were cross-referenced and weighted to produce the rankings.
"We do not intend to imply that those companies that scored low in the rankings are untrustworthy; it simply means they did not score as high in comparison to the others we considered," said Michael DeWilde, director of the Koeze Business Ethics Initiative and professor of management. "By the same token, a higher score simply means these companies' efforts to be trustworthy are paying some dividends."
Seidman College of Business Michigan Trustworthiness Index 2018 Rankings:
A full report of the rankings can be found here: http://gvsu.edu/s/0Dn
1. Whirlpool Corporation, Benton Harbor - 4.1
2. Ford Motor Company, Dearborn - 3.9
3. Stryker Corporation, Kalamazoo - 3.6
4. Steelcase, Inc., Grand Rapids - 3.6
5. Kellogg Company, Battle Creek - 3.4
6. CMS Energy Corporation, Jackson - 3.4
7. DTE Energy, Detroit - 3.3
8. General Motors, Detroit - 3.1
9. Ally Financial, Inc., Detroit - 3.0
10. Universal Forest Products, Grand Rapids - 3.0
11. Dow Chemical Company (merged w/ DuPont 2017), Midland - 2.9
12. Kelly Services, Inc., Troy - 2.9
13. Lear Corporation, Southfield - 2.8
14. Penske Corporation, Bloomfield Hills - 2.5
15. American Axle & Manufacturing, Detroit - 2.5
16. Wolverine World Wide, Inc., Rockford - 2.5
17. SpartanNash Company, Grand Rapids - 2.4
18. Visteon Corporation, Van Buren Township - 1.3
Researchers included DeWilde; Kevin Lehnert, associate professor of marketing; Vijay Godhalekar, professor of finance; and Arik Aninos, a graduate research assistant.
The full report, including charts and an explanation of rankings, can be found at http://gvsu.edu/s/0Dn. For more information, contact DeWilde at (616) 331-7468 or dewildem@gvsu.edu.
For More Information Contact: Dottie Barnes in University Communications - 616-331-2221


I am pleased to lay before the Assembly today, the fourth annual report on the Welsh Government's implementation of Law Commission proposals.
Under Section 3C of the Law Commissions Act 1965, as inserted by Section 25 of the Wales Act 2014, the Welsh Ministers are required to report annually on the extent to which Law Commission proposals relating to Welsh devolved matters have been implemented.
This report covers the period from 17 February 2018 to 15 February 2019, and provides Members with an update about a number of areas that relate to Law Commission proposals as well as information on current and future Law Commission projects.
Much progress has been made over the last 12 months, including the introduction of the Legislation (Wales) Bill and the publication of the Law Commission's final report 'Planning Law in Wales'. We have also engaged with the project on leasehold and commonhold reform, and have agreed with the Law Commission a Wales-only project to consider the law relating to devolved Welsh tribunals.
The Welsh Government regards the proposals of the Law Commission with great importance, as demonstrated by the progress set out in the report.


Who doesn't love a good round up post? I love it when bloggers make us a list of must-see recipes and projects. It is so fun and inspirational. And I also love hosting these kind of posts on my blog. I have so much fun doing the "research" and I enjoy the opportunity to share with you! For today's party, I'm featuring 3 round up posts! Two are specific to Halloween recipes, while the other is pumpkin recipes…..And I think you are sure to get inspired by them!
Also, I want to take a second today and announce that I'm running a sale in my etsy shop. If you're a football fan, I have a lot of my team spirit necklaces, ornaments, and keychains on sale (to include custom orders), and I also have all my cameo pendant necklaces on sale. It's a great chance to pre-order for Christmas and avoid the rush, as well as get a good deal!
This is a sponsored post written by me on behalf of DiGiorno Pizza.
Are you watching the big game this Sunday? Planning a big party? Or maybe just a party for two? Either way, you can make DiGiorno your MVP (most valuable pizza).
Happy New Year! Welcome to Friday Favorites! I know we're a little past New Year's, but it just seemed appropriate to have New Year's features for this week, so I hope you enjoy!
Also, if you host a linky party yourself, please feel free to link your blog up to my new Linky Parties List. Just be sure to list your site under the proper link list. For example, my Friday Favorites party is published on Thursday nights but would go under the list of Friday parties.
I've also started a new Giveaways and Freebies Linky where you can link up your giveaways, coupon posts, printables, patterns, and other free offers.


LUXEMBOURG — JAB has announced the retirement of Bart Becht during 2019. Peter Harf and Olivier Goudet will continue to lead JAB and oversee its investment strategy. The company also welcomes consumer industry veterans Fabien Simon, Ricardo Rittes and Jacek Szarzynski to the JAB Partnership, where they will play key roles in continuing a strategy of long-term value creation.


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Q: Native support for 64 bit floating point in Javascript As the question here states, even the newest Ecmascript 8 has no support for 64bit integers.
But the stage 3 proposal for bigInt looks promising and I expect it will be added to the Js spec sometime soon.
However, Even according to the proposal, we have to use a special constructor for declaring big numbers. (Q1) What is the technical reason behind, being unable to represent big numbers in the general way?
let bigNum = 2 ** 64 // Why can't JS do this without losing precision? (at least in future)

I know that JavaScript represents all numbers using IEEE-754 double-precision (64 bit) floating points and that this causes the problem.
(Q2) Why can't Javascript represent all numbers using some other standard which doesn't lose precision?
(Q3) What complications would arise if Javascript actually did that?
Edit: As stated by T.J, we can use a suffix instead of a constructor, but I still feel that is not exactly the general notation

A:
(Q1) What is the technical reason behind, being unable to represent big numbers in the general way?

Breaking the web. The fundamentals of JavaScript numbers cannot be changed now, 20-odd years after they were originally defined. There's also the issue of performance: JavaScript's current numbers (IEEE-754 binary double [64-bit] precision) are very fast floating point thanks to being built into CPUs and math coprocessors. The cost of that speed is precision; the cost of arbitrary precision (or a dramatically larger precise range) is performance.
Someday in the future, perhaps JavaScript will get IEEE-754 64-bit or even 128-bit decimal floating point numbers (see here and here), if those formats (introduced in 2008) diffuse into the ecosystem and get hardware support. But that's speculation on my part. :-)

(Q2) Why can't Javascript represent all numbers using some other standard which doesn't lose precision?

See Q1. :-)

(Q3) What complications would arise if Javascript actually did that?

See Q1. :-)

Even according to the proposal, we have to use a special constructor for declaring big numbers.

If you want 64-bit specifically. If you just want BigInts, the proposal includes a new notation, the n suffix, for that: 2n is a BigInt 2. So with BigInts, your example would be
let bigNum = 2n ** 64n;

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


It finally looks like spring will stay around now. Yesterday Weazer & I got out for a bike ride together for the first time this year. She's on her nifty-new Trek Pilot 2.1, and I'm on the just-delivered Bianchi MUSS . We had a great 1 hour ride all around the neighborhoods.
Since the weather looks even better today, I'm hoping we can get out again this evening.
I also finally received my CISSP certificate, so I can now carry the title "CISSP" officially. I'm going to try and hook up the scanner to the basement PC and scan in the cert for posting here.
I've also started playing with Plone. It looks like a great content management system, and there are some great sites using this at work. I'm running a "bandit" project to quickly set up a project tracking CMS system using Plone to hold all the documentation, decisions, issues and decisions.


text:
Diaspora FDI: Why do Returning Migrants Invest in Their Home Countries and What are the Main Difficulties They Face? The Case of Romania
PDF DOİ Mart 30, 2021 Nisan 13, 2021 Voicu BODOCAN Istvan EGRESİ	Pages 20-48 Orcid-Number: 0000-0001-5156-3311
Migrants play a significant role in increasing economic links between their home and adoptive countries. They contribute to increasing trade and increasing capital flows between the respective countries in the form of remittances and direct investment. In the context of Romania, only a trickle of this capital flow is in the form of direct investment, although diaspora direct investment (DDI) may represent a more desirable form for the state than remittances. The purpose of this study is two-fold. On one hand, it aims at investigating why Romanians from the diaspora invest in their homeland and, on the other hand, it seeks to understand why the number of diaspora investors is still so low. The study is based on the qualitative content analysis of newspaper articles featuring interviews with diaspora entrepreneurs. We found that decisions to return and invest in Romania were motivated by both push (homesickness, lack of economic opportunities in the adoptive countries, the need for a new challenge and patriotism) and pull factors (business opportunities and beautiful, attractive places in Romania). The main constraining factors were found to be excessive bureaucracy, people's mentality, shortage of labor and other adverse economic conditions. While the findings of this study confirm some of the results posted by previous studies, they also propose some motivations for DDI that were not captured by other works on the subject.
Diaspora, Diaspora Direct Investment, Foreign Direct Investment, Romania
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Journal Section
Author: Voicu BODOCAN
Institution: Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj
Author: Istvan EGRESİ (Primary Author)
Publication Date : March 30, 2021
APA Bodocan, V , Egresi, I . (2021). Diaspora FDI: Why do Returning Migrants Invest in Their Home Countries and What are the Main Difficulties They Face? The Case of Romania . Turkish Journal of Diaspora Studies , 1 (1) , 20-48 .
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The Politics of Russian 'Diaspora': From Compatriots to a Russian World
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text:
Pueblo Viejo Dominicana Corporation (PVDC) Receives a Well-equipped 2,552 Man Camp at Dominican Republic
Pueblo Viejo Dominicana Corporation (PVDC) Gold Mine is located 100km away from the capital city of Santo Domingo in the Dominican Republic. With proven and probable reserves of 25.3 million ounces, it is the second largest high sulphidation gold deposit in the world. PVDC was formed by Barrick Gold (60%) and Goldcorp (40%) in 2009 to develop the mine.
Industry: Mining
Customer: Pueblo Viejo Dominicana Corporation (PVDC)
Project: Pueblo Viejo Dominicana Corporation (PVDC) 2552 Man Camp and Facilities
Location: Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
Completion Date: Project completed May 2010
To facilitate the need of Pueblo Viejo Dominicana Corporation (PVDC), Red Sea Housing Services chose Site Master 25 Series Buildings considering the tropical and diverse weather conditions that the region endures. The structural design was appended to cater to the special requirement of hurricane strap. The site was installed with accommodation units and had facilities for kitchen, dining, laundry, medical, security, training, and office units. The site was also equipped with utilities like power, water and airventilation utilities. Systems for fire detection and control, lightning protection, soundproofing, and hurricane strap were used to ensure security for the people. There were also provisions for recreation, relaxation, and connectivity with indoor sports and activity amenities, and internet facilities.
Structural design requirement of hurricane strap
Extreme working conditions having to workon an existing gas plant
A tropical and diverse topographical country
Stringent compliance with INEC, OSHA
Safety and security measures had specific requirements for fire detection and protection, lightning protection, and soundproofing
2552 Man camp en-suite with all facilities
Units built with design specifications as per INEC, OSHA, which ensure security, and safety with unique hurricane strap, soundproofing, fire protection, and lightning protection
Successfully completed the project, in spite, of having to work in tough conditions owing to the existing gas plant, and tropical arid climate
Transportation & Delivery
Recreation Unit
Kitchen and Dining Area
School and Training Unit
Hospital/Clinic/Medical Facility
Water Treatment Unit


And most importantly, add the secret ingredient, love.
the recipe for a happy life.
Love is the secret ingredient.
This entry was posted on Thursday, September 4th, 2014 at 6:36 AM	and tagged with attitude, blessings, chance, change, choice, feelings, Forgiveness, forgiving, friends, God, Gratitude, Great Creator, happy, Harmony, heart, Higher Power, Inspiration, Joseph J. Mazzella, kindness, life, love, motivation, patience, patient, philosophy, recipe, spirituality, The Secret Ingredient, tolerance, tolerant and posted in Love Is.	You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed.


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