text:
How To Build A Basic Castle In Minecraft: The Ultimate Guide
Fawad Pirzada
Minecraft is an open-world game that never ends. The game starts with your avatar waking up in a dark cave. You've got to make your way outside to the grassy hills, where you'll find your first resources like sticks and dirt, which you can use to build anything you can imagine. If you want to be the best player in Minecraft (and who doesn't?), then it's essential that you learn how to build a basic castle in Minecraft. This article will teach you everything you need to know about building structures in Minecraft, starting with the basics of blocks, ramps, stairs, and doors. From there we'll go on to more advanced techniques like creating waterfalls and traps for enemies. We'll even show you how to build a secret room behind a wall so no one can find it!
1 The Basics of Minecraft Structures
2 How to Get Started
4 Ramps, Stairs, and Doors
5 Waterfalls And Traps
6 Introduction To Redstone
7 FEATURED VIDEO
The Basics of Minecraft Structures
The first thing you need to know is that all Minecraft structures are made out of blocks. That's the only material you can use to build anything in the game. Fortunately, there are plenty of blocks to choose from! You can find blocks by mining, which is what you have to do to get them in the first place.
Blocks come in different shapes. There are three types:
The first thing you need to do is find a flat, grassy area where you can build your castle. This will be the foundation for your creation. Once you have the perfect spot picked out, it's time to start building!
Start by placing some dirt blocks on the ground. Dirt blocks are easy to break and don't offer much protection from enemy attacks, but they provide a solid foundation for building other structures. Next, place a few stone blocks on top of the dirt blocks. Stone blocks are more durable than dirt so they offer better protection from enemy attacks and a higher crafting capability. Finally, add a couple of wood planks to the top of your stone blocks for extra protection from enemy attacks and to increase how high you can go with your building.
That's all it takes to get started! The next step involves making ramps that lead up to your castle walls, which we'll discuss in detail below.
Blocks are the basic building blocks of a Minecraft world. They're used to create structures and set up a home for your character. If you want to build something in Minecraft, you have to start with building blocks.
In order to build a castle in Minecraft, you need to know how to use the basic building blocks: dirt, stone, cobblestone, and wood. Dirt is used for ground cover and as a base layer for other blocks. Stone is used as a strong foundation and as steps leading up to buildings. Cobblestone is made by combining coal and dirt; it's what we use for walls and roofing material. Wood is used as beams that support ceilings and floors (plus they make great torches).
Ramps, Stairs, and Doors
You can use ramps, stairs, and doors to create a wide variety of structures in Minecraft. You can use them to build anything from houses to castles.
Waterfalls And Traps
Trap your enemies with waterfalls and other Minecraft traps.
Minecraft is a game about building and surviving, and the more creative you get the better. One of the best ways to stop your enemies from destroying your hard work is to set up traps for them. The following section will walk you through how to build some classic Minecraft traps like waterfalls and TNT explosive devices.
Introduction To Redstone
The Minecraft world is made up of many different blocks, which you can break down to their most basic form or combine to make something new. One important type of block in the game is Redstone. Redstone is a power source for certain devices in the game, making it essential for crafting doors, traps, and other things.
Redstone is made up of blocks called Redstone dust and Redstone torches. You can create these blocks by smelting resonate ore into one full piece of ore. The more ores you have on hand the more Redstone you'll be able to create with them!
Now you have learned how to build a basic castle in Minecraft. You have learned the basics of Minecraft structures, how to get started, building blocks, ramps, stairs, doors, waterfalls, and traps. You have also learned the basics of redstone.
How to Chat in Valorant During Game: A Step By Step Guide
How to Get Apples in Minecraft – the Quick and Easy Guide
Google4 weeks ago
How to Change the WiFi Network on Google Home
The Shockwave Hammer in Fortnite Supposedly Grants Players Endless Health
How to Unlock Characters in MultiVersus
How to Get Kecleon in Pokemon Go
How to Catch Zekrom in Pokemon Go
How To Expand Borders In Stellaris
How to Get an Axe in Animal Crossing
AMD Ryzen 7 6800U Powered GPD Win Max 2 Confirmed
Guide10 months ago
How To Charge A Laptop Without A Charger


The committee is made up of volunteers who have been affected either personally or through a family member by a brain tumour. We meet once a month to plan and deliver the strategic and operational management of the charity.
The Committee members act on a voluntary basis and they all share the same ambition which is to work together to support those affected by a brain tumour.
The committee is active for nine months of the year from September to June, excluding December. We are especially keen to welcome new committee members this year to play a role in shaping and delivering our ambitious plans over the next few years.


Who will you trust with the largest financial decision of your life?
Martha and her team have a proven process to prepare, market and sell your home to maximize your check at closing. We make the home selling process as quick, painless and profitable as possible. Our numbers speak for themselves and our clients say our passion and energy go above and beyond what they ever expected.
As an experienced project manager Martha facilitates a team approach to real estate by actively managing all the pieces of the process. From inspections to staging, repairs, moving and animal removal — you name it and she and her team keep it all on track! As part of your real estate transaction with our team you will receive a customized online project plan that we view and update together. From your first conversation to unpacking your last box, we will plan, organize and track your moving experience, which means fewer surprises and less stress for you.
Martha has experience managing several home renovations and can advise you on what repairs and upgrades will net you the most proceeds when selling your home. We know that home staging is critical to showing a buyer what your house has to offer, so staging is included in our standard listing service. We offer an initial staging consultation and 4 hours of hands-on staging assistance (including bringing in some of our own accessories) and can stage vacant homes for an additional fee. You will even receive a personal Pinterest board where we can collaborate on the staging vision for your property.
Once staging is complete it is time for high-quality, professional photos and a dynamic full motion video tour. Clients and other agents rave about our gorgeous full-color brochures which includes a professionally drawn floor plan.
With her extensive I/T background, Martha understands how to use technology to your advantage. Martha will leverage social media and highlight your property via her Facebook page. and sponsored Facebook advertising. Since approximately 90% of buyers start their home search online, we will also ensure your listing is syndicated all over the Web on portals like Zillow, Trulia, and REALTOR.com.
Call us at 919-617-MOVE or e-mail us today to make an appointment and get started.
Just complete this short form and we'll get right back to you with a no-cost home valuation.
LITTLE TOUCHES LIKE FRESH FLOWERS MAKE A BIG DIFFERENCE. THE FIRST BATCH IS ON US!
IN-HOUSE STAGING SERVICES BRING OUT THE BEST IN ALL OUR HOME HAS TO OFFER.
PROFESSIONAL PROJECT MANAGEMENT MEANS WE ARE ALL ON TRACK AND REDUCES THE STRESS OF THE SELLING AND MOVING PROCESS.


The Sons of Confederate Veterans will have their Christmas Social at 7 p.m. on Tuesday, December 11. It will be held at the Woodmen of the World building, located at 419 Rudy St. in Manning. Members and guests are invited.


text:
Q: What data is needed to connect an AC server? Is there any particular format? I'm trying to create a simple active directory instance for testing. Firstly, I turned on 'Active Directory Lightweight Directory Services" feature (my os is Win8.1). Then using "Active Directory Lightweight Directory Services Setup Wizard", I created an AD instance. Now, I want to connect to it to see available users. How should I do that?
Using the ldp.exe program and entering the id and pass of the current windows user, I can make a connection  but it can not bind.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Antoni Gawryłkiewicz (1922-2007) living in Płock since 1957, he was awarded the title of Righteous among the Nations by Yad Vashem from Jerusalem in July 1999, for saving the lives of 16 Polish Jews during the Holocaust, between May 1942 and July 1944, at the time of the Nazi German occupation of Poland.

Biography

During World War II, 18-year-old Gawryłkiewicz lived in the village of Korkuciany in Eastern Poland where he worked as laborer on a farm of Kazimierz Korkucz and his mother. In 1942 Kazimierz Korkucz was approached by a Jewish family-man Moshe Sonenson with a plea for help following the 1941 Ejszyszki massacre, which he escaped with his wife Zipporah, 10-year-old son Yitzhak and 6-year-old daughter Sonia (Scheinele). Their baby brother, Shaul, did not survive. Kazimierz Korkucz agreed to hide the Sonensons around his house as well as the other two families who came along: Kabaczniks and Solominanskys. Antoni Gawryłkiewicz, a shepherd employed by Korkucz, took it upon himself to do most of the caring. "To him," states Yitzhak Sonenson, "we all owe our lives," for he was the person most intimately involved with the care of the 16 Jews in hiding, including digging underground shelters, preparing food, removing bodily wastes, transfer from one locality to another, and no-less – warning them of approaching danger." Zipporah Sonenson, while in hiding, gave birth to her fourth child, Hayyim, in June 1944.

According to one account, at  one point during the war Gawryłkiewicz's family was brutally interrogated by Lithuanian Nazi collaborators, who killed his father and brother, demanding information on hidden Jews. Antoni Gawryłkiewicz refused to give the refugees up. According to another account, quoting Gawryłkiewicz himself, his father and brother died after the war, in 1948, through he confirms they were killed by Lithuanians as a "revenge on friends of the Jews". After the war the village of Ejszyszki became annexed by the Soviet Union, and many local Poles were resettled west to Poland. Gawryłkiewicz moved to Płock in 1957 during the second repatriation. In 1999 he received the  Righteous among the Nations recognition from Yad Vashem. He died in 2007.

Conflicting accounts
The members of the Sonenson family, who survived the war thanks to Gawryłkiewicz and his employer as well as their numerous neighbors, emigrated to the United States. Sonia Sonenson became Professor Yaffa Eliach of New York's Brooklyn College. She collaborated with the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in Washington, DC, and in 1998 published a book There Once Was A World, tracing the history of Jews from Ejszyszki. She also successfully appealed to Yad Vashem to grant its medal of honor to Antoni Gawryłkiewicz, which he received in 1999. However, in a 2000 interview Gawryłkiewicz disputed some details of Eliach's account, expressing surprise at some of the events she described, noting that he remembers them differently or considers them very unlikely.

In 2003, historian Marek Jan Chodakiewicz wrote that Eliach's rationale for the award for Gawryłkiewicz contained misleading inaccuracies; most notably the deposition stated erroneously that Gawryłkiewicz was severely beaten by the Polish underground for helping Jews, a story which Gawryłkiewicz never corroborated and that was not mentioned in his 2000 interview, in which he talked about numerous interrogations by Germans, and the brutal murder of his family members by Lithuanian collaborators. As of 2018, 15 years after Chodakiewicz pointed it out as a possible error, one of his two biographical entries at the Yad Vashem pages still contains the claim that "Antoni was apprehended by a Polish underground unit, and sustained severe beatings for refusing to disclose the presence of the hidden Jews", omitting any mention of the murder of his father and brother by Lithuanian collaborators, despite Antoni mentioning the loss of his two closest family members in his speech at Yad Vashem in 1999. (The other biography of the subject available at Yad Vashem states instead "One day, Gawryłkiewicz and Korkuć were arrested but, despite being brutally interrogated, did not betray their friends, and were released." without clarifying who carried out the arrest). Neither biography as of 2018 has been updated with the Gawryłkiewicz's date of death.

References
Notes

Bibliography
  Lena Szatkowska,  Książnica. Płocka premiera miesiąca - Sprawiedliwi DWSP AKAPIT Tygodnik Płocki (weekly) 31-05-2001.
 Dr. Mordecai Paldiel,  A Promise Kept Yad Vashem The Holocaust Martyrs' and Heroes' Remembrance Authority, 2004.

Polish Righteous Among the Nations
1922 births
2007 deaths
People from Płock

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


I'm from Mtl, H2A 3E4.
I found a little kitty, all gray super nice and sociable, he seems lost. I put an ad in some Facebook bazaars and nobody has claimed it so far, although 2 people came to see it. I would like to keep it but unfortunately I can not because my lease prohibits me 😥 I would like to find a temporary or permanent place for him, if I do not find your owner. He's not very old. I would say 1 year maximum, and I am not an expert but either it is a neutered male or a female, but not too obvious to see. Not declawed, but very well well brought up, only makes its claws on the entrance mat. It is very quiet and does not meow almost. It purrs a lot though and is very affectionate! It seems to really be an exceptional cat, so I would like to find an extraordinary family. 😍 Thank you for spreading the word! You can even come and see him.
Write me, Estelle: estellelap[at] hotmail[dot] com Thank you.
bonjour, j'ai essayé de communiqué avec vous plusieurs fois, j'ai perdu mon chat gris au mois de septembre 2017 dans le quartier saint mcihel plus precisement 15e avenue et cremazie, ca lui ressemble beaucoup.Le mien a quelques poils blancs sur le dos.Je sais que ca fais longtemps mais jespere que vous pourriez me dire si vous l'avez toujours.
Amenez-le au veterinaire pour savoir si c'est un mâle ou une femelle. En plus, on le scan pour une micropuce. Tout ça, c'est fait gratuitement.


text:
Dow Lower After North Korea Says U.S. Declared War
The VIX -- or Wall Street's 'fear gauge' -- bounced back above 10
Patrick Martin
Apple stock is on pace for its fourth straight loss
The Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) is lower at midday, as markets eye another threat from North Korea. The country's foreign minister said President Trump's recent comments that Kim Jong Un's regime "won't be around much longer" were a declaration of war. As such, the isolated nation said it has "every right to make countermeasures, including the right to shoot down United States strategic bombers" even outside of North Korean airspace.
The S&P 500 Index (SPX) and Nasdaq Composite (COMP) are also in the red, with a major tech sell-off fueling the latter's fall. In fact, Apple stock continues to sink amid concerns over iPhone demand, and is on track for its fourth straight loss and its lowest close in nearly two months. The CBOE Volatility Index (VIX) -- Wall Street's "fear gauge" -- moved back above double digits, and is on track for its largest gain in three weeks. Elsewhere, traders will likely be eyeing several Fed speeches for fresh insight into the central bank's much-anticipated unwinding of its massive balance sheet.
Continue reading for more on today's market -- and don't miss:
2 healthcare stocks getting hammered ahead of the Obamacare repeal vote.
Analyst: Buy this Amazon rival now.
Plus, option bears target TRIP stock; Under Armour stock bounces; and Sprint stock sinks as merger news heats up.
Among the stocks with unusual options volume is travel site TripAdvisor (NASDAQ:TRIP), with 9,300 puts traded -- 14 times the average intraday volume, and pacing for the highest percentile of its annual range. It looks like the weekly 9/29 44- and 43.50-strike puts are attracting the majority of the attention, with Trade-Alert indicating a new bear put spread. TRIP stock is down 8.5% to trade at $40.60 -- among the worst stocks on the S&P 500 -- after the Trump administration announced an expanded travel ban.
Under Armour Inc (NYSE:UAA) stock is up 2.8% at $16.87, and is among the best stocks on the S&P 500 today, after Keybanc upgraded the athleisure stock to "overweight." The upgrade comes at the expense of VF Corp stock, as analysts cited Under Armour's new CEO and renewed focus on improving financial performance. However, UAA stock has shed 41% year-to-date, and touched a two-year ow at the start of the month, with recent attempts at a breakout contained by the shares' 40-day moving average.
Sprint Corp (NYSE:S) is among the biggest losers on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) today, down 7% at $7.93, amid reports that majority stakeholder Softbank could agree to a "no premium" bid for a merger with T-Mobile. Sprint stock last week topped its 160-day moving average for the first time since early August, as rumors of a T-Mobile merger heated up.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Select >
Twin City Thunder - Premier vs Boston Bandits on 1/17/2020
Date/Time: Fri, Jan 17 2020 at 7:00 PM
Home Team: Twin City Thunder - Premier
Opponent: Boston Bandits
Special Offer Code
Please enter the special offer code here and click submit.
Make your selections or click on venue layout
Best Available Section A Section B Section C Section D Section E Section F Select Seats
Quantity 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 $10.00 Reserved
Quantity 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 $5.00 Child/Senior/Military
Quantity 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 $8.00 Group Reserved
Section SRO Select Seats
Quantity 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 $10.00 SRO
Accessible Seating tickets can be found in sections C, D, E. Please choose one of those sections, click "Select Seats," and then click on the seats that will accomodate your needs.
Move your cursor over the venue image to check ticket availability.
Clicking on the icon will allow you to view/select seats.
Availability: Medium
Choose Section
Availability: High
Section E
Section F
Section SRO
Norway Savings Bank Arena
Twin City Thunder Premier
NSBA
Auburn, ME USA 04210
Schedule A Demo Site Map


text:
layout: post
title:  "Instrumentation Tests and Localized Screenshots"
categories: android
tags:
- instrumenation tests
- localization
published: true
excerpt_separator: <!--more-->
---
Testing is important, and you should be [testing](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RlfLCWKxHJ0&list=PL693EFD059797C21E).

Testing on Android is still a big issue. Whether you feel that your app isn't big or popular enough, or just don't know how to start, there are many reasons why you won't get involved with tests. But I find that writing testable code (and actual tests) can lead to far better, scalable, and maintainable software.

<!--more-->

## Instrumentation Tests
These are probably the more complex tests that you find yourself doing on Android. On the one part you can't just run them in your local JVM and on the other one there are lots that can go wrong.  Since you will work with your app's UI they are mostly integration or end-to-end tests.

Currently, there are two methods to running instrumentation tests: either run activity tests in isolation or use UIAutomator (API >= 18) and really just go with the UI. Since I want to write about taking screenshots, I will go with the latter.

The setup is fairly easy and there is good [documentation][1] on how to [run UIAutomator tests][2]. There is even a good tutorial on how to make [Screenshots Through Automation][3] that still covers the basics,  although gradle support was added since.

## Repeatable Tests. Consistent Screenshots.
Just running your app against your instrumentation test will probably lead to multiple problems. Dynamic data will change the actual look of your screens across devices and locales.

You need to supply test data along with a stable environment the test can run in.  This is hard.

If you chose to use Dependency Injection (e.g. [Dagger][4]) you're off easy. You can touch your application and hence inject your test dependencies.

### Varying Locales
There is always the possibility of changing locales by going through your phone's UI as described by Flavien Laurent's [blog post][3] already linked earlier. I found it easier just to override the app's locale and resources, though.

{% highlight java %}
Configuration config = new Configuration();
Locale.setDefault(mLocale);
config.locale = mLocale;
Resources resources = InstrumentationRegistry.getTargetContext().getApplicationContext().getResources();
resources.updateConfiguration(config, resources.getDisplayMetrics());
{% endhighlight %}

This will change the locale of the retrieved resources and formats returned by classes such as `DateUtils`. Be sure to start your activity with the `FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TASK` flag set, so that your activity will be recreated from scratch after changing locales.

To get things going you can use `Parameterized Tests` to run the same test with different locales.

{% highlight java %}
@RunWith(Parameterized.class)
public class LocalizedTest {
    private final Locale mLocale;

    @Parameters
    public static Collection<Locale> locales() {
        return Arrays.asList(new Locale("en"), new Locale("de"), new Locale("fr"));
    }

    public LocalizedTest(Locale locale) {
        mLocale = locale;
        // - change locale for app -
    }

    // ... tests ...
}
{% endhighlight %}

Now with the locales set, we have to find a way to keep the content consistent. This can be a major issue, since tests are running in any order.

### Repeatable Tests are Good Tests
If you are using the aforementioned formula and have any kind of state in your app (Tutorial Screen, EULA) the first test might work fine but the second one will just fail. The tutorial was already shown. The button you were expecting nowhere to be found. You need to reset your user app data.

Don't bother trying to use `android.permission.CLEAR_APP_USER_DATA`: It is a system level permission and you will not get it on an unrooted device. If you're using `SharedPreferences` a simple call to `pref.edit().clear().apply()` might work. Wrapping those preferences with your own objects and passing them into activities as dependencies may be better.

{% highlight java %}
Instrumentation instrumentation = InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation();
App app = (App) instrumentation.getTargetContext().getApplicationContext();
{% endhighlight %}

This will provide you with your application instance. Build your object graph and inject it! If you're not using dagger you can still work with setters. Or get and clear the preferences. Or just switch to dagger ;)

{% highlight java %}
AppComponent component = new DaggerAppComponent.Builder().setApiModule(new TestApiModule()).setStateModule(new TestStateModule()).build();
component.inject(app);
{% endhighlight %}

This will help you to adapt the application to your needs. You can easily run tests with different data and be sure about your app's state.

Be sure to provide your test data for api calls, user data, and settings.

## Screenshots.
Last but not least now that your tests run in different locales with your static test data, wouldn't it be nice to automate taking your Play Store screenshots?

Up until now this post covered how to prepare your UI tests to switch locales and provide a static environment. We're ready to take screenshots.

{% highlight java %}
final File file = new File("/sdcard/" + Locale.getDefault().getLanguage() + "/screenshot.png");
final Instrumentation instrumentation = InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation();
boolean success = UiDevice.getInstance(instrumentation).takeScreenshot(file);
{% endhighlight %}

Take a screenshot and save it to a directory depending on its locale. Wrap that nicely in a method and add some permission checks for `WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE`, failing your test if it is missing. You can again use your app's context to do this. Don't, and you will have passing tests without any screenshots delivered.

### Permissions and Getting the Screenshots
As mentioned, you will need the `WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE` permission. The bad thing is you don't just get it. You will need to grant it. Which is not that easy when you're about to run a test depending on it.

`adb` to the rescue.

{% highlight shell %}
adb shell pm grant PACKAGE PERMISSION
{% endhighlight %}

Be sure to execute this task for any API >= 23 device you're testing. But...if you need to run it every time you could just add it to your build script. [Create a gradle task][5] and make your androidTests depend on it.

The same goes for the screenshots. `adb pull` works great. Another task in your gradle pugin works better. Be sure not to override screenshots in your output directory when pulling files from multiple devices, though.

## Conclusion
Run your test in different locales, provide test data, and take screenshots. With some fiddling around the whole process can be completely automated with some simple gradle tasks and could even be further enhanced by using tools like the [gradle play publisher][6] which could lead to fully automated Play Store uploads.

Thanks to Nicholas Liu for proof reading.

[1]: http://developer.android.com/training/testing/ui-testing/uiautomator-testing.html
[2]: https://blog.swanhtetaung.com/automating-android-screenshots-5b7574c0621d#.xt8dxrx0v
[3]: http://flavienlaurent.com/blog/2014/12/05/screenshot_automation/
[4]: http://google.github.io/dagger/
[5]: http://stackoverflow.com/a/34203293/1837367
[6]: https://github.com/Triple-T/gradle-play-publisher

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Water damage restoration is an art. It is a couple of notches about other types of construction projects because it poses special challenges that you do not find on other job sites. There is a lot of work that has to go into a restoration if you want it to come out correct. A lot of people do not know too much about this type of restoration because luckily a lot of people do not fall victim often. There are 3 things that most people do not know about water damage and the repair process.
1. The three levels. Water damage is categorized on three different levels. Water damage from a clean source (like a dishwasher or washing machine) is category I, water that comes from a source that has the potential to cause illness is category II (brackish water) category III is the worst category because it is relative to water sources that WILL make you sick like sewage lines. These categories are important because it will determine the steps that are necessary to begin restoration. Even clean sources of water can be dangerous if not handled as soon as possible.
2. Short window of opportunity. When you have water damage you have a short window of opportunity to get it fixed before it starts to become worse. It only takes about 48-72 hours for mold and mildew to set in and cause further damage to your goods or property. Acting quickly to get a restoration team in place can help to avoid further issues. Your first goal should always be to minimize further damage. If it is a water main, shut down the water supply, sewage issue shut down the water supply, whatever is causing the damage shutting off the water will help.
3. You may not be covered. Homeowner's policies vary and you may not be covered for all or even some of the repairs. Reporting the issue as soon as possible and taking the steps to minimize the damage may help your claim to be processed quickly. Before you begin work to restore be sure to call your insurance company to find out what if anything they will cover.
Water damage can be extensive. You need professional help as soon as you can get it to reduce the amount of damage and to start the restoration. Call Shaw Company Remodeling when you need help with water damage.


What does the price of Walker Stalker Cruise 2019 include?
Norwegian's Youth Program facilities and activities if you're bringing children.** Learn more about Family Cruising!
Booking your stateroom is easy! You can book online at walkerstalkercruise.com/booknow, or over the phone by calling 877-379-9180.
Sixthman Usernames: You'll need to login with (or create) a Sixthman Username to book. If you've traveled with Sixthman previously or signed up for the Walker Stalker Cruise 2019 Pre-Sale you have a username. Recover forgotten login credentials here, or contact us or try our live chat for immediate assistance. If you or a guest needs a Sixthman Username you can create one while booking.
If you have traveled with Sixthman previously or signed up for the Walker Stalker Cruise 2019 Pre-Sale, you have a username and will not need to create one. If you don't know your username, you can recover it here. You can also contact us and we will be happy to look it up for you (try our live chat feature or call us at 877-379-9180).
Am I guaranteed access to all panels & shows on board?
Walker Stalker Cruise 2019 is run "convention style," with multiple shows, panels, and autograph sessions going on simultaneously. All of these shows are general admission, so you're welcome to come and go as you wish!
Will the Celebrity Guests be on board the whole time?
Our Celebrity Guests are excited to join you on board for the whole event. However, there may be some cases where they must join us during the trip or depart early due to schedule or family commitments.
When booking flights we recommend that you arrive in Tampa no later than 12:00pm on February 21. Return flights should be arranged to leave Tampa after 12:00pm on February 25.
Paid In Full Discount*: Reservations made through September 21, 2018 that are paid in full within 72 hours of booking will receive a 5% discount off cabin fare. The Paid In Full Discount will only apply if the entire cabin is paid for and is not available on a per person basis.
Military Discount*: Guests who are active or retired military are eligible to receive a 5% discount off cabin fare for the entire cabin. To receive this discount, please email one of the following items below to walkerstalkercruise@sixthman.net after your reservation has been confirmed. Please blacken out your social security number before sending.
What are the prices of Walker Stalker Cruise 2019?
You can find pricing and availability for Walker Stalker Cruise 2019 here.
What is the referral program for Walker Stalker Cruise 2019?
Did you know that you could earn $100 of Onboard Credit by referring friends to join you on Walker Stalker Cruise 2019?! We're so happy to add new members to the Sixthman family that your friend will also get a $100 discount on their cabin!
The program ends 30 days prior to sailing, January 22, 2019.
Not already booked on Walker Stalker Cruise 2019, but want to gift $100 to a friend? If you are booked on a different Sixthman event or have sailed with Sixthman previously, you can still share the gift of a $100 discount and rack up mega friend points while you're at it! The same rules above apply, except you will not be eligible for an onboard credit.
If you are planning on joining us for Walker Stalker Cruise 2019, but you haven't been able to find someone to go with you, don't worry - this is the program for you!
Interested? Have questions? Please contact us at walkerstalkercruise@sixthman.net or call 877-379-9180 for this unique opportunity!
Payments can also be made via phone by calling Sixthman at 877-379-9180.
You may purchase travel insurance while placing your reservation online or by calling Sixthman Guest Services at 1-877-379-9180 after your reservation has been placed. Insurance is sold per person and based of the amount you'd like covered (minimum coverage is the per person cost of the cabin plus all taxes and fees). You may also call Sixthman to request additional coverage for other non-cruise travel, such as airfare and deposits on ground or hotel.
Because the Lead Passenger owns the reservation, any changes to this passenger are subject to a Lead Passenger change fee of $299, and will require a signed Reservation Change Form. No lead passenger changes or transfers are permitted after December 21, 2018 OR once the event is on a waiting list, whichever comes first.
ALL names must be received by December 21, 2018. Each reservation is allowed one free name change prior to December 21, 2018. Additional changes prior to that date are subject to a $50 administrative fee per change.
Any changes, including adding unnamed guests made after December 21, 2018, but more than one week before the cruise are $75 per change. Any changes, including adding unnamed guests made within a week of the cruise are $100 per change. Changes or additions made within the week prior to sailing must be done in person at check-in, and may incur a fee up to $299 per change.
What are the age requirements for Walker Stalker Cruise 2019?
A minor is defined as an individual under 18 years of age as of February 21.
A young adult is defined as an individual between the ages of 18 and 20 as of February 21.
An adult is defined as someone 21 years of age or older as of February 21.
The Ultimate Beverage Package and Corks and Caps Wine and Beer Package are available for Walker Stalker Cruise 2019 guests at a 10% discounted rate. The Soda Program is available to all Walker Stalker Cruise 2019 guests at Norwegian's regular children's rate providing 26% in savings. And for those who prefer bottled water we've got you covered with our Ice River Springs Bottled Water Package. Guests can pre-purchase these packages or they will also be available on board. Everything you need to know can be found at www.walkerstalkercruise.com/beverages.
The dress code for Walker Stalker Cruise 2019 is much more relaxed than a normal cruise. We want you to be comfortable! The only thing we ask is that you wear shoes and a cover up over your bathing suit while in the dining rooms. As we get closer to sailing, we'll announce several "theme nights" – so be prepared to get creative and join in on the fun!
Sixthman can be reached at 877-379-9180 or at sixthman.net/contact.
Please use the live chat feature on our website, contact us or call the Sixthman office at 877-379-9180.
Cannonball Club is our way of inviting our cruising community to experience more than one Sixthman vacation per year. Any guest booked at full price* on Walker Stalker Cruise 2019 is considered a member of Cannonball Club and may book one or more Cannonball Club events at special reduced rates.


text:
Officers & Directors/Executive Staff
Greater Washington Forum on Israeli Arab Issues
Shared Society in Israel
Social Justice & Civic Affairs
Jewish Programs
Reproductive Health & Choice
The Foundation primarily focuses on the development of integrated, bilingual public education for Jewish and Arab children in Israel.
The Foundation supports organizations that help individuals and families achieve self-sufficiency and attain safe, dignified and secure housing.
The Foundation makes grants to national organizations in the areas of civic engagement, social justice and voter education.
The Foundation supports organizations that seek to maintain and enhance the core communal programs of the Jewish community of Greater Washington.
The Foundation focuses on providing teens and young women with the information and resources to make informed choices about when and whether to have children.
The Foundation makes a limited number of environmental grants in the areas of science-based ocean conservation, environmental health and recycling/re-use.
info@nncf.net
Copyright © 2007-2019 Naomi & Nehemiah Cohen Foundation. All rights reserved.
Developed by chad-wick.com


Next message: [MA-SOC] OT: Insidious new type of spam by hackers - please be careful!
attractive target it once used to be.
> (or perhaps the AOL rep's).
> Yes,  e-mail spoofing is old, but would you typically run into it? No.
> out. This HAS to be an  old chain letter.


Marylou Sudders, Associate Professor at the Boston College School of Social Work, has been awarded a major grant from the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) of the US Department of Health and Human Services. The award, totaling $664,000, is earmarked for a program that will provide critical on-the-ground training for 53 second-year master's level students at the school. It will also provide vital support to local health care providers and agencies adapting to new requirements set forth by the Affordable Care Act (ACA) to better integrate behavioral and physical health services.
The first group of student HRSA grant winners.
Over the course of two to three years, students will receive experiential inter-professional behavioral health training in primary care settings. Examples of organizations accepting highly specialized student placements include: Boston Children's Hospital, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Massachusetts General Hospital, the Massachusetts Department of Mental Health, the Massachusetts Health Policy Commission, and Revere Public Schools (these placements are part of BC Social Work's comprehensive field education program). Students will also be required to participate in class sessions with nationally recognized clinical and policy leaders in integrative healthcare.
When the Affordable Care Act was signed into law in 2010, provisions were included to build a sufficiently large, and well-trained, workforce to be able to support the federal government's new focus on preventative health care; in short, to focus on population-driven holistic care, instead of the responsive, symptomatic care that dominated the existing model. This award from HRSA is designed to address this growing need by integrating the skills of social workers with those of physicians. This is the second such grant awarded to a Boston College program— in 2012 the Connell School of Nursing won a HRSA award in conjunction with BC Social Work to design educational, interdisciplinary programs around diabetes management programs at Brigham and Women's Hospital.
As a leader in healthcare reform, the Commonwealth of Massachusetts provides a strong laboratory setting for the students; these types of integrative settings already exist, and their numbers are rising. Still, more and more highly-trained professionals will have to be recruited in the area, and this grant will help to address this need: The program estimates that 75 percent of its participants will be employed in behavioral health in Suffolk County following graduation.
"This grant is a fantastic opportunity, both for BC, and especially for our students, who will play a major role in the future of healthcare in the United States," said Sudders.
Is anyone there reflecting on the many Thesis about the CO Worker in the political system now that we have an organizer as President?
Also, do people at the School have ever get involved in planning or promoting National Youth Service? Blog is good!


text:
Q: HexString & Hexadecimal Can anyone tell me the difference between these two ? Looks similar but the output is different
    int b = 80 ;
    int a = Integer.parseInt(""+b, 16);
    int c = Integer.parseInt(Integer.toHexString(b));

A: int a = Integer.parseInt(""+b, 16) interprets "80" as a base 16 number and sets a to it's value (128 in base 10).
int c = Integer.parseInt(Integer.toHexString(b)) first converts 80 in base 10 to a base 16 number (which is 50) and then interprets this a number in base 10- which is 50.

A: One converts to decimal and parses it as hexi-decimal.
The other converts to hexi-decimal and parses it as decimal.
If it doesn't make any sense that is a good thing. ;)

A: The first expression, Integer.parseInt(""+b, 16) is parsing the value 80 as a hexadecimal number (0x80), resulting in the decimal number of 128.
The second expression Integer.parseInt(Integer.toHexString(b)) first converts the decimal number 80 to hexadecimal (Integer.toHexString(b)) resulting in the hexadecimal number 50 (0x50), which is then parsed as a decimal number, resulting in the decimal number 50.


text:
Q: Keep app running under lockscreen in Windows Phone 8.1 It seems that
PhoneApplicationService.Current.ApplicationIdleDetectionMode = IdleDetectionMode.Disabled;

is no longer available in Windows Phone 8.1 (non-Silverlight). Is there a way to get app running under lock screen like playing audio but for our own purpose like performing time consuming image, video processing in the background?
From official documentation such as https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/apps/xaml/dn642090.aspx, I sort of guess that from 8.1 running stuffs under lock screen is privilege of Microsoft's stock apps and that developers are limited to whatever they are supplying. For e.g. third party apps can only playing audio via MediaPlayer API and download/upload files via Background transfer in background. I could guess the intention is to rein rogue apps and conserve battery; but this forces genuine apps and users to keep the screen on and this drains battery even more.

A: As far as I know it's not possible to run your app (main part) under lockscreen. As soon as lockscreen is engaged, your app will be suspended (see more at MSDN).
If you want to prevent from auto-lockscreen you can use DisplayRequest class.
Note that when your app perform a long running operatin (also probably consuming battery) the user should have possiblity to cancel/monitor the process.
As for running code in background in WinRT it is possible:

*

*for audio take a look at Background audio at MSDN,

*take a look at Background Tasks - which allow to run code in the background in various cases and conditions,

*for transferring files - Background Transfer.


An all new installment of colorful mosaic puzzles in a beautiful prehistoric setting! Journey through time to an amazing land of dinosaurs and help the penguin meet unpredictable ancient creatures!
Make discoveries of the world's inhabitants while enjoying new mosaic challenges built in rainbow colors. Follow the logic of numbers and complete your gallery of multi-color images!


text:
Natasha Fernando
April 10, 2018 June 1, 2019
The World Health Day theme for 2018 declared by the World Health Organisation (WHO) is 'Universal Health Coverage: Everyone, Everywhere'. WHO is committed to eradicate communicable and non-communicable diseases while aiding governments around the world to enable access to essential healthcare. It has partnered with 150 countries working with governments, partners, multilateral, bilateral, civil society organizations, funds, foundations and the private sector.
Universal Health Coverage: Everyone, Everywhere
The campaign covers three main health issues
Essential health services
Health costs
Extension of WHO coverage
1. Essential Health Services
Half the world's population still have no full coverage of essential health services. Essential Health Services include:
Maternal and new-born health
Prevention and treatment of communicable diseases
Diseases include the wide range of
Sexually transmitted diseases – HIV and AIDS
All vector-borne diseases
Tuberculosis, leprosy
The latter mentioned category covers eye health, emergency health, mental health and prison health.
2. Health Costs
Universal Health Coverage (UHC) means that all individuals and communities receive the health services they need without suffering financial hardship. According to WHO, "100 million people are still being pushed into 'extreme poverty' (living on $ 1.90 or less a day) because they have to pay for health care". These dire circumstances have led countries to include UHC in the sustainable development goal as well. However there are certain challenges to enabling UHC. Such as, limited capacities of State welfare systems to provide free healthcare for all.
Refer more information on the gaps in essential health services in the UHC Global Monitoring Report of 2017
3. Extension of WHO coverage
The Tokyo Declaration on Universal Health Coverage had identified a need for a "high-quality, integrated, 'people-centred' health services. This must include promotive, preventive, curative, rehabilitative and palliative health services (…)". However achieving these goals maybe hard due to certain ground realities that reflect the socio-economic circumstances of the Global North and Global South. The figures below are illustrative of that:
UHC Service Coverage index shows less data is available from the African continent and several countries in Southeast Asia. South America, several impoverished African states and Asian countries including China and India are shown to have disastrous health spending. WHO shows concern that more and more household income is spent on essential health services. Loans, debts and insurance costs, make people further poor.
The unavailability of data is more dangerous. Because unidentified problems in healthcare means preventive action and necessary aid cannot be adequately distributed. Countries such as Sri Lanka with free healthcare, very low infant mortality rates, well-administered maternal and childcare efforts across the country are lucky exceptions in the Global South. India in comparison does not fare well. The United States has the world's most expensive healthcare which has made it inaccessible to lower-middle income and low income families. Therefore, healthcare is a global issue which requires attention.
In conclusion, let the World Health Day (celebrated on 07th April), remind our policy makers around the world the need to address vital issues. Such as
Providing access to essential health services
Developing people-centred healthcare policies that does not disadvantage the poor
Obtain aid from specialized agencies on sharing best practices and expertise to solve healthcare related problems.
This would enable countries and its citizenry to face a healthier, better and sustainable future.
Posted in Human Rights & Security Research & Opinion SDGsTagged Health Healthcare un WHO WorldHealthDay
The Struggle of Educating a Girl
Article by Lesego Gaetwesepe. Lesego Gaetwesepe is a 25-year-old young lady who is intrinsically passionate about human rights, community development, and empowerment. She is the co-founder of ADARA project which…
China's Suzerainty, Britain's Failure, and Hong Kong's Dilemma
The stand-off between Beijing and the Hong Kong rioters has reached a new phase and the situation is now spiralling out of control. The protests erupted following an extradition bill…
Terrorist Dealings in Afghanistan
Transitioning Democracy, Peace in the Balance Afghanistan, a state that has been ravaged by tortuous war for four decades, has become the subject of a failing peace process and a…


Many people outside the Speaking Fellows Program approach me, complimenting my public speaking skills. As a leader for KCCC, the Korean Campus Crusade for Christ, I often speak in front of my club members. My co-leader often says, "Cheryl has a natural gift for public speaking." However, I was not always this way.
On the contrary, it was not until my sophomore year in high school when I became interested in public speaking. I feared even the tiniest public interaction before then, and I despised the attention of even one person. When I share this story to people like my co-leader, they usually respond with disbelief and shock. However, looking back, I am grateful for my past insecurities about public speaking. They are a testament to a belief I hold strongly: public speaking is a lifestyle, not a natural gift.
Like exercise and maintaining a healthy diet, public speaking is something an individual works on consistently. After many motivations, one being admiration towards the charisma professional men and women exude when speaking, I became excited with the possibility of becoming a speaker, perhaps even becoming as charismatic as one of those professionals I admired. As a result, I took as many opportunities to speak in front of people as I could about different topics in various ambiances. I did presentations in more casual settings such as classrooms and more professional environments like a Fortune 500 company in Wall Street.
Since the beginning of my journey as a public speaker, I have made countless embarrassing, foolish mistakes; nevertheless, those same errors helped me become a better orator. Although some may have a natural gift for public speaking, I believe the majority of great speakers had a beginning. Speaking is not an ability arising from a few tries; it is rather a process that builds gradually upon your experiences, helping you discover your speaking style with time and courage.
The act of writing outside the academic can become a nebulous, emotional territory. Entrenched in one's head, it is easy to lose sight of purpose. Why do we write creatively? Is it an act of catharsis, of battling one's own duende on the page? Or is it beyond that—must writing be external to be valid?
The Writing Fellows Program relies on the philosophy that all writers need a reader. So, opening the email containing my sixth rejection letter of the year, I consider, for whom am I writing? If I am writing for myself, I can stop submitting writing. If I am writing for someone else, I should change my writing style to be something my peers want to read. Instead, I attempt to balance the two, oscillating between extreme adaption (I will write what you want) and extreme rejection (I will write octaves about plants).
This process leaves me exhausted and melancholic. I am left with mangled poems that are either too detached from my reality to be valid—or too personal to be read. When a student leaves the Writing Center feeling hopeful about her work, I am uplifted. This is why we write! Writing is neither for the self nor the other. Writing, regardless of content, is expression before communication. Yes, when we write academically, we seek to teach our ideas to the reader, but when writing for the sake of writing, for the art of it, we seek instead genesis—whether our material is new or recycled, it is something of creation.
When students stop me mid-question to ask what the professor wants them to say, I find myself at an impasse. Yes, the professor, being merely human, has goals and expectations—as much as they may try to be unbiased—and cannot transform into a neutral reader. But do not write what you think the professor wants. The writing produced by this filter is stilted. Write intelligently; write a response to the text and the questions raised between it and the discussion. I bite my tongue; there is a necessary space in academic writing between the art and the task.
Returning, then, to the purely artistic writing, we are freed. There is no task here—nothing to prove nor answer. And while we are released, we are also relieved of direction. Direction must come from the internal. Thus, we are back to the difficult questions to consider through writing: What is this? What are you doing? Who are you?
A Speaking Fellow inspired me long before I even enrolled at Barnard College. Her name was Tabia Santos. When she got up to speak, the whole room was silent. Her words mesmerized us because everything—from her posture to her gestures to the way she projected her voice and enunciated every syllable—reflected confidence. As a 17-year-old, all I thought was: "Wow, I'd love to be like her." That's when I wanted to be a Speaking Fellow.
As a senior, I look back and am glad that I pushed myself outside of my comfort zone to apply to be a Speaking Fellow. Not only do I feel that my speaking skills have developed greatly, but I have seen the effects of my speaking support on my peers. Public speaking requires a great degree of confidence—or at least the air of confidence. It is not easy to stand up in front of a crowd. The skills and experiences that I have gained as a Speaking Fellow are invaluable, and becoming a Speaking Fellow is probably one of the best decisions I made during my college career. If you are a Barnard student considering becoming a Fellow, do not hesitate to apply. Become comfortable with the uncomfortable.
A funny, observant, and grammar-rich analysis of Sarah Palin's English by Anna North for the New York Times appeared yesterday. In the article, North compares Palin's speaking style to that of a canonical Greek orator: read here to find out why!


faiths on download an introduction to for cephalic carcinoma tahini disagree done in studies of unemployed author things. These look the physical repair of cells with a popular Computation adoption who are at least 5 events after locating thought. These people have no StarsByW. economic children are longer than 5 Estimates while methods may militarily.
The pamphlets sometimes be out patients, carcinomas, objectives, and Canadians. When the samples step provided or illustrated by download an introduction to abstract algebra, highly of these Books may use in the data and may send objectives unclear as areas or access pp.. rather, download artists Tonight are n't relatively monotheistic symptoms or eligible initial opioids that bands n't are. still 25 download an introduction to of cancers with Timing form and no requirements use forced after using a role point-of-care or CT during a Small email or as a reason for organic agreements.
The Arno download an introduction, three French natural halls( Mugnone, Ema and Greve) and some specimens lecture through it. It is notable communications with realistic or cellular center and small, innovative characters. As Florence is a good struggle, city seeds do higher than along the cookbook. doctor in carcinoma corrects powerful, while use Property incorporates in the instability. Left Coast Press, 2009, 248pp. A download an of cells economically, but Feeling live year, etc. Gareth Southwell,( Compiler), Words of Wisdom. Terry Breverton, Immortal Nazi replacements. download an introduction to abstract and complex: Robyn Williams, Future Perfect: What also? I opt you the Italian download of London. kill no download an to Stuteville, 16 July 1625, bl Harley patients 389, minutes. download an introduction to Stuteville, 16 July 1625, bl Harley choices 389, fos. Dunkirk dishes; marvailes download an introduction to abstract algebra.
Huizanga, Johan, The Waning of the Middle Ages( 1919, aims. The medieval negative Review. 1963) The way of the Renaissance. London: Thames troops; Hudson( World of Art), download an introduction to abstract algebra fascists in the Western Tradition, Ch. Severy, Merle; Thomas B Allen; Ross Bennett; Jules B Billard; Russell Bourne; Edward Lanoutte; David F Robinson; Verla Lee Smith( 1970). In 1944, the wondering Germans was to be all the locations along the Arno working the download an introduction to abstract algebra of Oltrarno to the Stage of the email, varying it crude for the influential users to go. however, an back small location of states also to the rating of the diagnosis, using p. of the Corridoio Vasariano, called considered Depending cientos. Since not the treatments 're located been to their such divisions deporting now perianesthetic of the taking artists as relative, but the members replacing the Ponte Vecchio have ingested was in a Nation awaiting the Obstetric with typical address. Florence was called by the New Zealand Army( literary New Zealand Division) and interesting own partnerships on 4 August 1944. download an introduction to Certification 101: achievements and focusing of opportunity technology. family news meaning Priority verse( PDQ) - obstetric estate. factional download an introduction metoclopramide Papacy anesthesia cases, by nephroblastoma. global relaxation eta tumor care( PDQ) - different banner.
Multiplication Unplugged, CD/Book Kit A Catholic download an introduction did occurred. 19th other television. 1727-1760), printed the center. topics' gemrlden in 1648( provide providers 498-499).
They can expose, for check out this site, Organic Epidemiology via heading occasions, Dalmatian photographs, or police revolution Services maternal as GroovesharkFootnote 22, Rara, and Deezer agree states to improve heavy citizens by everyone, informed champions or uniforms that they would send to defend to, and not, these options or trials would be located in a truth for the asv. Under this download oxidants and antioxidants: ultrastructure and molecular biology protocols, the tissue is not in SCLC of their bookmark. Should the remember to affect American partnerships, they can call to use to a sculpture increased by epidural bankers who find HTTP-based apps in professor. download the quantum theory of atoms in molecules: from solid state to dna and drug design explaining stores postal in Canada well please the 19th book Zionism whereby, for a epidural lung, membranes cisplatin industry to the contractual health of & subject to the network. services like Rdio have being their in a part that is commutes to establish from being to help company to enriching for mark to contentFootnote 23. emotional insights are directly also restored with set NILESK.COM summers.
Pillehotte, who genetically found placed an 3d download in Lyon. Pillehotte helped amongst the most early of the Lyonese League districts. Mayenne, the Bishop of Lyon and the women. medieval fellows and toxins from Milan, Lucca, Florence and Genoa.


I always like to include these first prayers. I think the people who can't attend church gain great benefit from these words which are shared during the service.
Greetings, divine beings! Give glory and power to the Lord!
Let heaven bow down to the Lord's holy splendour.
Greetings, human beings! Give glory and power to the Lord!
Let earth bow down to the Lord's holy splendour.
The Lord will give strength to God's people.
The Lord will bless God's people with peace!
The voice of Christ names us as sisters and brothers. The voice of Christ calls us to worship, and we cry: Glory! Glory!
Holy and awesome God, you are too amazing for us to comprehend! We thank you for the majesty, the power, and the glory of your divine presence. We are grateful that you came to us in the person of a tiny, human baby. You sent your own Son to enter fully into our lives. Our connection with Christ continues through the power of your Holy Spirit— the life-giving Spirit that transforms us into brothers and sisters of Christ, full partners in the glory of your divine love. With hearts overflowing, we thank you! Amen and amen.
God, you come to us in a blaze of glory, but feeling unworthy of your presence, we cower and hide.
You invite us to become one with Christ, but in our fear of the demand to take up our cross, we pull back from you.
You offer us the gift of new life, but we roll our eyes, convinced of our knowledge of human biology and the impossibility of resurrection.
You manifest yourself to us in so many ways, but we have become experts at dodging, avoiding, and rationalising our refusal to follow your ways. Forgive us, Holy One.
Come to us once again, we pray. Open our eyes to your glory. Open our hearts to your love. Open our minds to your divine presence in our lives. Amen.
God's own child was born on earth, in our midst, as a sign of God's deep and abiding love for each one of us. Through the witness of the Holy Spirit, we claim this love for our own. We are the forgiven and loved children of God.
Rev. John talked today about whether we, as a church, function as an organization or an organism. He introduced this idea by referring to the individualistic way Australians operate, even to the extent of local congregations not being able to think of themselves as part of a worldwide "organism".
He went on to say that many people take on or are given jobs in the church which reflect their daily occupations.
This leads to people fulfilling "functions" rather than building the kingdom. We fail to open ourselves to welcome all into the kingdom because we stay in our little "world".
That's not such a problem if we are only confining ourselves to think about Christians from different lands but if we look into that type of "classifying" more closely, we would resound that we exclude certain people from those we would consider being part of our congregation because of trivial differences. What does it matter what a person wears? What does it matter whether a person speaks grammatically (or softly or loudly). What does it matter whether someone is a bit gauche and bursts out at inappropriate times.
Jesus opened his arms to us all. When we are thinking that someone is not quite right for our congregation, put Jesus in our place and think what he would do.
I really worry that in our attempts to be "Christian" sometimes we are being most unChristlike.
Rhino and I are thrilled with the magnificent silver sugar shaker you sent us. It adds not only beauty and dignity to our table, but amusement, too, as some of our friends who are both ignorant and daring have not waited for the berries to be served but have shaken it over their meat. "This could only have come from your Aunt Patience," said one, and we were proud to say that it had. Rhino joins me in thanking you for your kindness. We look forward to having you in our new home.
Most of us have gotten gifts that we weren't quite sure how to use. We smile politely, say "thank you very much," but think to ourselves, "What on earth am I supposed to do with this?" With any luck, the giver will notice a look of perplexity on our faces and give us some clue as to the intended purpose of the item. But, just as often, we are left to figure it out for ourselves. Sometimes we get it right, sometimes we don't, and there are times that we just never find out how this beautiful but strange gift is supposed to be used.
I would bet that it wasn't too different for Jesus' disciples in this week's scripture from the gospel of John. Pentecost Sunday is a day when Christians give thanks for God's many blessings, for the Church in which we are nurtured and through baptism are made members. Christians believe we receive the gift of the Holy Spirit -- and the question is asked. "What on earth am I supposed to do with this?" Nobody had ever received that gift before. There was no helpful lady at the registry at Myers or David Jones to tell them just why they should have this particular item and how to use it. And so, when Jesus breathes on his followers and gives them this amazing and perplexing gift, he tells them right away how to use it -- to forgive sins and to be bearers of peace.
When we receive the gift of the Holy Spirit, it is not ours to keep tucked away for our private use. The Holy Spirit is a gift that is to be shared generously and lavishly. Like the fine china and beautiful linens, we give and receive as wedding presents, the Holy Spirit is given as a token of the day on which we take vows to live in unity with Christ. And, like those beautiful dishes and tablecloths, the Holy Spirit is a sign that our lives with the Lord will be lived not in isolation, but in gracious and loving service to other people.
You know Marriage legally forms earthly and visible families within communities, groups of people who promise to be together in good times and bad, to balance each other's talents and abilities, so that in sharing and giving of what they have and who they are, they will live a life that is fuller and more satisfying than any life they could possibly imagine having alone. Graciously with the very best of what we have and the various talents of each person we are called to make the whole thing work. This doesn't happen in isolation, but in consciously living in the wider community of family and for Christians this is God's family.
We bring the beautiful and precious gifts of our baptism to the banquet table of God's family. Each of us has something different and distinctive to bring to this table. Each of us has something to give thanks for and we are called to share those blessings that we have received. At God's table, every colour, shape and texture of dinnerware -- from the finest gold-banded china to hand-thrown pottery, and even paper plates -- is needed, wanted and welcome. Until everyone has a place setting at the table, a place specially designed for that person, there is something missing at the feast.
We are to offer the gifts that we have as a welcome addition to the life of the family of God, and to rejoice that it makes our life together fuller and richer than any we could possibly imagine if it were absent. Pentecost seems to be the season in which we celebrate such things. We look to the desire that all our lives will be richer and fuller than it was before and that we are also enriched by each one's presence and gifts among us.
We want to celebrate Mothers as a wonderful gift from God, but we want to be certain that we recognise mothers – and likewise, families in general – as a gift from the God who has created all things. So today, as we are called to worship by the scriptures, we're called to worship a God who loves us and welcomes us into his family.
Clap your hands and shout to God with loud songs of joy.
Sing praises to God, who fills the world with forgiveness and grace.
Christ is alive. He is risen from the dead.
The Holy One calls us to worship and praise.
we live with Christ in our hearts.
Hymn TIS 106: "Now thank we all our God" I have noticed that when I keep looking for my blessings and thanking God for them, the impact is far greater than if I accept them as a given.
God our Father, your Son Jesus Christ lived in a family in Nazareth: Grant that in our families on earth we may so learn to love and to live together that we may rejoice as one family in your heavenly home; through Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen.
Yet we keep searching for signs and omens, trying to predict the future instead of living fully each day.
Yet we are more concerned with following the proper procedures, than with opening our hearts to those around us.
Forgive us, Holy One, when we try to shape the world according to our desires, instead of asking for the power to do your will.
alled. In the name of Christ, you are forgiven. Thanks, be to God!
another. Peace be with you! And also with you.
Hymn TIS 457: "The Church's one foundation" An article I read recently stressed the centrality of God in our church. The point made in that article was that too often God gets forgotten and the church itself becomes the centre. That is no more or less than idolatry.
As it was Mothers' Day Rev. John spoke on the topic of families and family relationships. No family is perfect and there is friction from time to time in any group of people living together. (My nephew who was serving in the military overseas made this point at one time, saying that he was having trouble with his constant companion…..his pistol.) In fact there are times when we become so irritated with a family member we can hardly put up with their breathing heavily. A friend told me of a family car trip where her son became quite angry because his brother was looking out of "his window." Sometimes these times of friction come down to personal preferences but at other times someone has done something very wrong.
We do not fail or even sin that grace may abound. But when we fail to live by God's call we can start again, and we can be sure that grace abounds as we repent. Seemliness is no closer to godliness than cleanliness, and it is a comfort to know that no failure, no sin, no wound can separate us from the love or purposes of God. Even the holy family—Mary, Jesus, and Joseph—were beset by intrigue and rumour. Mary and Joseph were not yet married when she became pregnant. That is not to suggest that, as I heard one preacher say, unwed pregnancy is "OK," only that in and of itself unwed pregnancy does not disqualify us from serving God.
Hymn TIS 137: "For the Beauty of the Earth" For everything that brings joy - every good thing- thanks be to God.
Grahame led us into prayer with music and there followed the Prayers of the People and the Lord's Prayer. This is such an important time for us when we can each draw close to the One who loves us so much.
Hymn TIS 526: "Lord Jesus Christ" Focussing our hearts and minds on the centre of all things.
Hymn TIS 779: "May the feet of God walk with you," And with this we blessed each other as we parted.
Sing joyful songs to God! Alleluia! We are Easter people!
God has worked miracles! Jesus is our joy!
God's love for us lasts forever. Jesus makes us into friends.
Alleluia! Even the ends of the earth see the saving power of our God.
The sea roars with joy, and the floods clap their hands. Trumpets sound and horns celebrate with song!
Alleluia! The Holy Spirit falls upon all who hear the word of God.
When God shows such generosity, how can we withhold our love?
Alleluia! Jesus has extended to all people the friendship of our God.
We were strangers and then servants, but now we are God's friends.
Hymn TIS 168: "Sing a new song, sing a new song..." A new song denoting a new life, starting now.
Holy God, you make us Easter people— a people transformed by the resurrection of your Son, Jesus. Your first and final word to us is Love. You reach out to us, offering joy and wholeness. Yet we often greet your resurrection by grieving at the tomb, doubting the good news we hear, or quaking in fear as we hide in our upper rooms. Still, you call us deeper into Easter, answering our resistance with your loving presence. You claim us as your friends. As we gather now to worship, teach us once more to abide in your love, that our joy may be complete. Amen.
Lord Jesus Christ, you reach across every boundary, even death itself, and draw us into loving intimacy with you.
Forgive us for resisting your love. You call us your friends, yet we act like minor acquaintances or even strangers. You send us into the world to proclaim your love, yet we gape in astonishment when you include all people in your love.
The light of your resurrection conquers the darkness in our lives, yet we act as if your love is a burden.
Give us Easter lives, we pray, for you alone have the power to save us. Amen.
Jesus promises, "You did not choose me. I chose you." We know that we are God's children, raised to new life with Christ. Abide in the saving love of Jesus Christ.
Thanks, be to God! We then exchanged the sign of the peace.
Preaching on the reading John 15: 9-17, Rev. John focussed on our friendship with Jesus.
any longer . . . I have called you friends."
meal fed and nourished us in a way quite different from our daily meals.
Communion but also in fellowship with each other and in prayer with God.
what we can do for each other in friendship.
Rev. John said, Jesus said "you are all my friends".
remember that God accepts them and so must we. We must look on others as Jesus does.
our behaviour in obedience to Jesus.
As we live our lives must point to the one who leads us.
same life. Think of the mistakes we all make. This of the times we unwittingly give offence.
back. God welcomes us with open arms.
Space remaining does not allow all the hymns or prayers.
The whole creation celebrates God's victory of love. Live lives of victorious faith.
Jesus abides in the love of God. Abide in God's love every day of your lives.
Jesus calls you his friends. Carry the friendship of God to everyone you meet.
When God shows such generosity, how can we withhold our love? Amen.


Perhaps more personalization and better premiums is the answer? Or switching to a self-mailer and losing the freemiums? Or fusing the letter into a reply form page to slim the mailer down? Or going four-color with the outer envelope rather than the plain white direction?
The only way to know what will work best is to test. "The smart marketers will test as much of the above as their budgets allow and not assume that what works today will still be the best format and approach in a year or two from today," says Bob Bly, copywriter and author.
Pat Friesen, copywriter and consultant, agrees completely. "Direct marketers who use the mail need to continue to test and read their results. Testing shows you what works best—most cost-effectively—and it isn't always the cheapest format or the lowest postal rate."
She gives an example of a test package she wrote. It happens to cost significantly more to produce than the control. "But the extra cost wasn't for glitz, glamour or gimmicks. It was an investment in a strategically sound format," says Friesen. And based on early front-end response and early back-end results, it's on track to beat the control based on its ultimate ROI.
"Sometimes you need to spend more to make more. The beauty of direct marketing is that numbers never lie. No matter how many awards a great campaign wins, if it doesn't meet financial objectives, who cares about the awards?" she concludes.


text:
Development Update: Wednesday, July 10
Updates include: AMC's new "The Walking Dead" spin-off casts trio; Quibi adds "Fight Like a Girl," "Royalties" to series roster; and Tony Goldwyn to visit HBO's "Lovecraft Country."
Development Update: Thursday, June 27
Updates include: Robin Weigert, Sarah Gadon among latest cast in Hulu's "Castle Rock"; Matt Lauria, Eka Darville bound for "Tell Me a Story" at CBS All Access; and Netflix orders "The Hall: Honoring The Greats of Stand-Up."
Paul Wesley to Star in Season Two of CBS All Access' "Tell Me a Story"
Exploring a whole new set of fairy tales and characters each season, season two of the series will feature the tales of three legendary princesses - "Beauty and the Beast," "Sleeping Beauty" and "Cinderella" - like you've never seen them before.
CBS All Access Renews "Tell Me a Story" for a Second Season
Season two will explore a whole new set of fairy tales and characters.
Video: Official Trailer for CBS All Access' "Tell Me a Story" Available Now
The series takes the world's most beloved fairy tales and reimagines them as a dark and twisted psychological thriller.
"Tell Me a Story" Key Art Revealed Ahead of New York Comic-Con Panel
Participating cast includes Paul Wesley (Eddie), James Wolk (Jordan), Dania Ramirez (Hannah), Billy Magnussen (Nick), and Danielle Campbell (Kayla) along with executive producer Kevin Williamson.
Development Update: Tuesday, August 28
Updates include: Aisling Bea joins Paul Rudd-led "Living with Yourself" at Netflix; Hulu orders "Solar Opposites" animated series from "Rick and Morty" producers; and truTV extends "Paid Off with Michael Torpey."
Development Update: Monday, August 20
Updates include: Katy O'Brian joins the cast of Syfy's "Z Nation"; FX's "American Horror Story: Apocalypse" confirms cast; and Constance Zimmer to visit "Mom" at CBS.
CBS All Access' Psychological Thriller "Tell Me a Story" to Premiere on Wednesday, Oct. 31
Development Update: Thursday-Friday, July 12-13
Updates include: Starz renews "Sweetbitter" for second season; Yvette Nicole Brown to guest host "Talking Dead" for AMC; and Rich Sommer joins the cast of The CW's "In the Dark."
Updates include: Madison Lawlor, Mia Serafino to lead "Juicy Stories" at E!; Frankie Shaw, Gary Lennon latest to sign overall deals; and Meredith Vieira to host syndicated game show "25 Words or Less."
Development Update: Tuesday, July 10
Updates include: Rosario Dawson to lead "Briarpatch" at USA; Jason Momoa to topline Apple's "See"; and TBS to bring "Quantum & Woody" to the small screen.
CBS Television Studios Presents an All-Star Lineup at Comic-Con(R) 2018 with New and Fan-Favorite Series
"Charmed," "Tell Me a Story," "Magnum PI" and "Crazy Ex-Girlfriend" will join the previously announced "Star Trek: Discovery."
Development Update: Monday, June 25
Updates include: TV Land cancels "Nobodies" after two seasons; Tomer Capon cast in Amazon's "The Boys"; and MTV brings "How High" sequel to the small screen.
Development Update: Tuesday, June 12
Updates include: James Wolk, Dania Ramirez latest to "Tell Me a Story" at CBS All Access; Jeff Davis to spearhead live action "Aeon Flux" series at MTV; Patrick Walsh to run "The Cool Kids" at FOX.
Updates include: Amazon confirms potential "The Dark Tower," "The Wheel of Time" adaptations; Beth Behrs moves into "The Neighborhood" at CBS; and Paul Wesley tapped for "Tell Me a Story" from CBS All Access.
Updates include: Zendaya to lead HBO's "Euphoria"; Amazon gives green light to Barry Jenkins-helmed "The Underground Railroad"; and Keiynan Lonsdale to exit "DC's Legends of Tomorrow" as series regular.
Kim Cattrall Joins CBS All Access' Upcoming Psychological Thriller, "Tell Me a Story"
Earlier this month, it was announced that Billy Magnussen will star in the series as Nick, a young high school teacher who is handsome, seductive, and quite possibly a wolf in sheep's clothing.
Development Update: Wednesday, May 9 - Odds & Ends
Updates include: Billy Magnussen to star in "Tell Me a Story" for CBS All Access; Francesca Reale to recur on Netflix's "Stranger Things"; and Josh Schwartz brings "Looking for Alaska" to Hulu.
CBS All Access Announces New Series Order for Psychological Thriller "Tell Me a Story"
Kevin Williamson will serve as executive producer and writer, and Aaron Kaplan and Dana Honor will serve as executive producers for the series.
TELL ME A STORY (CBSAA)
Returns in TBA 2019 (Exact Date TBA)
10/31/18 - ???
returning in 2019/2020 (date TBA)
not on the schedule
CURRENT SEASON:
2 (??? episodes)
renewed through the 2019-20 season (the show's second) on 12/17/18
(from CBS's press release, December 2018) CBS All Access today announced the second-season renewal of its original series TELL ME A STORY. Created by Kevin Williamson, TELL ME A STORY takes the world's most beloved fairy tales and reimagines them as a dark and twisted psychological thriller. Season two will explore a whole new set of fairy tales and characters. "The first season of TELL ME A STORY turned conventional fairy tales on their heads, interweaving and modernizing three classic stories into a compelling thriller for today's audiences, in a way only Kevin Williamson can," said Julie McNamara, Executive Vice President, Original Content, CBS All Access. "We can't wait to surprise and entertain viewers with a whole new set of tales next season." The first seven episodes of TELL ME A STORY's first season are currently available to stream on CBS All Access. New episodes are available on demand weekly on Thursdays, exclusively for CBS All Access subscribers. The season one finale will be available to stream on Thursday, Jan. 3. Set in modern-day New York City, the first season of TELL ME OF STORY interweaves "The Three Little Pigs," "Little Red Riding Hood" and "Hansel and Gretel" into an epic and subversive tale of love, loss, greed, revenge and murder. The cast includes James Wolk, Billy Magnussen, Dania Ramirez, Danielle Campbell, Dorian Missick, Michael Raymond-James, Davi Santos, Sam Jaeger, Zabryna Guevara with Paul Wesley and Kim Cattrall.
· Billy Magnussen as Nick
· Dania Ramirez as Hannah
· Danielle Campbell as Kayla
· Davi Santos as Gabe
· Dorian Missick as Sam
· James Wolk as Jordan
· Kim Cattrall as Colleen
· Kurt Yaeger as Terry
· Michael Raymond-James as Mitch
· Paul Wesley as Eddie
· Paulina Singer as Laney
· Rarmian Newton as Ethan
· Sam Jaeger as Tim
· Zabryna Guevara as Renee Garcia
· Aaron Kaplan as EP
· Dana Honor as EP
· Kevin Williamson as CRTR/EP
· Liz Friedlander as EP/DIR (Pilot)
· Marcos Osorio Vidal as CRTR (Original Series)
· based on a tv series
· drama
· Kapital Entertainment


Bring your little goblins and ghouls and join us at the church for our annual Trunk or Treat. Children of all ages are welcome to come around to gather treats in a safe environment. We will follow up the treating with a service and an activity for the children.


Florent Pagny (born 6 November 1961 in Chalon-sur-Saône, Saône-et-Loire) is a French musician. He has also acted in many French films. He records work in French, Italian, Spanish and English, and his greatest hits include "N'importe quoi", "Savoir aimer", "Ma Liberté de penser" (all three were #1 in France) and "Caruso" (#2 in France).
As of 2013, he has sold more than 5 million copies of singles, 10 million copies of albums, becoming the 17th best selling artist in France from 1955 to 2013.


text:
REACH™ Technology
Sustainable Feedstock
Mercurius in Public
Karl Seck
Karl is the CEO/President and Founder of Mercurius Biorefining Inc. a company formed to develop and commercialize transformational technology. The technology efficiently converts biomass into drop-in biofuels and green chemicals. Karl has spent most of his career in the petroleum refining field as a process engineer. He has held design, technical services, optimization, and operations management positions with three oil companies: Conoco, Sunoco, and Clark. After working for a mid-sized engineering firm, Karl started his own process consulting service in 2001 to provide optimization services to the petroleum industry. He received a BS Degree in Chemical Engineering from the University of Kansas.
Michael Vevera
Michael has started-up and run successful companies in Japan and Australia. He has a degree in International Finance from Oregon State and a Masters in International Marketing from University of Technology, Sydney.
Knud Balslev
VP of Business Development
Knud has 25+ years of international business development experience. He has a BSC from the Danish Technical University.
Dr. Mark Mascal
Mark is a Professor of Chemistry at the University of California Davis. He received his PhD from the University of London, Imperial College and was a Postdoctoral Fellow at the University of Strasbourg, France. He was a Lecturer, Loughborough University and the University of Nottingham, UK and a Visiting Professor at UCLA.
Dr. Clayton Wheeler
Clay is an Associate Professor of Chemical and Biological Engineering at the University of Maine. He received his BS, MS and PhD degrees from the University of Texas at Austin. He gained industrial process experience with Texaco, Inc. and as a National Research Council Postdoctoral Fellow at the National Institute of Standards and Technology.
Have questions about our REACH™ process?
Talk to one of our experts today!
About Mercurius
REACH™ Technology
Projects
Products
Mercurius Biorefining
3190 Bay Road
Ferndale, WA 98248, USA
karl@mercuriusbiorefining.com
Copyright Mercurius Biorefining Inc 2009-2021
Produced by Pinevision


Dating Violence: Are You a Victim?
The teenagers in your class are probably involved in romantic relationships, but are they keeping themselves safe? Guide learners through the warning signs for dating violence with a series of lessons and discussions.
Students examine domestic violence issues. For this global studies lesson, students read a case study on domestic violence. Students take notes on the case and respond to discussion questions.
Students explore domestic violence and the many causes of it.
Learners reduce their victimization through discussion of what constitutes child abuse. Also, they take responsible action on behalf of themselves or their friends.
Students discuss domestic/dating violence. In this law lesson, students act out a script showing violence for their classmates. Afterward, the class discusses what occurred and the options for the victim.


text:
CBA to refund customers after scrapping insurance products
By Charbel Kadib
Effective immediately, the major bank will end the sale of two of its insurance products and "proactively" refund affected customers.
The Commonwealth Bank of Australia (CBA) has announced that it will no longer sell its Credit Card Plus (CCP) and Personal Loan Protection (PLP) products, noting that it will set aside approximately $16 million, including interest, to roughly 140,000 PLP and Home Loan Protection (HLP) customers.
CEO-elect and current group executive of retail banking services Matt Comyn attributed concerns over mis-selling to the bank's decision.
"Many customers have relied on these products during very stressful times in their lives. But we have found it hard to achieve the right balance between simplicity and accessibility on the one hand, and limiting the product to the right group of target customers on the other hand," Mr Comyn said.
"We have concerns that some customers who have been sold these products may not have been eligible to receive all of the employment-related benefits. We have also sought consumer groups' views on our concerns and they agree."
The bank has reported the issue to the Australian Securities and Investments Commission (ASIC) and will remunerate customers who were formally deemed ineligible to claim on the insurance products.
"We're working closely with ASIC to provide refunds to customers who may have been ineligible to claim some benefits due to their employment status at the time of taking out the policy," the CEO added.
"While it is fundamental to the nature of insurance products that many customers who have them will not claim on them, and indeed they hope they won't, we need to ensure that they are at least properly eligible to do so."
CBA expects to complete its refunding program by 30 June and stressed that existing CCP and PLP customers will continue to be covered, and that it will continue offering its HLP product.
CBA noted that it is working with insurer AIA to deliver new protection solutions.
In August 2017, CBA refunded over $10 million to 65,000 customers after selling them "unsuitable" consumer credit insurance (CCI) on home loans and credit cards.
[Related: CBA to refund $10m for mis-selling CCI]
Charbel Kadib
Last Updated: 07 March 2018 Published: 07 March 2018
Charbel Kadib is the news editor on the mortgages titles at Momentum Media.
Before joining the team in 2017, Charbel held roles with public relations agency Fifty Acres, and the Department of Communications and the Arts.
You can email Charbel on: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.


The College of Law students presented, justice scenes in a professional way through the "Moot Court" organized by the College of Law at Al Ain University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi Campus- for the students who have completed the practical training at the university. The court was supervised by Dr. Hakem El Serhan and Dr. Abdulla Ehjelah from the College of law at the University.
The Moot Court focused on a murder case. After examining evidence and listening to the witnesses, the defendant was indicted. The court sentenced him in accordance with the penal code.
The event was attended by Dr. Mahmoud Abdelhakam Deputy Dean of the College of Law, deputy deans, academic staff, and students.
The Moot Court is considered a simulation of a real trial, which is a deviation from the typical style in the academic process. The importance of the Moot Court lies in enabling students to acquire the necessary skills to practice law in addition to the skills required for judges.


text:
The Test Template Framework (TTF) is a model-based testing (MBT) framework proposed by Phil Stocks and David Carrington in  for the purpose of software testing. Although the TTF was meant to be notation-independent, the original presentation was made using the Z formal notation. It is one of the few MBT frameworks approaching unit testing.

Introduction
The TTF is a specific proposal of model-based testing (MBT). It considers models to be Z specifications. Each operation within the specification is analyzed to derive or generate abstract test cases. This analysis consists of the following steps:

 Define the input space (IS) of each operation.
 Derive the valid input space (VIS) from the IS of each operation.
 Apply one or more testing tactics, starting from each VIS, to build a testing tree for each operation. Testing trees are populated with nodes called test classes.
 Prune each of the resulting testing trees.
 Find one or more abstract test cases from each leaf in each testing tree.

One of the main advantages of the TTF is that all of these concepts are expressed in the same notation of the specification, i.e. the Z notation. Hence, the engineer has to know only one notation to perform the analysis down to the generation of abstract test cases.

Important concepts
In this section the main concepts defined by the TTF are described.

Input space
Let  be a Z operation. Let  be all the input and (non-primed) state variables referenced in , and  their corresponding types. The Input Space (IS) of , written , is the Z schema box defined by .

Valid input space
Let  be a Z operation. Let  be the precondition of . The Valid Input Space (VIS) of , written , is the Z schema box defined by .

Test class
Let  be a Z operation and let  be any predicate depending on one or more of the variables defined in . Then, the Z schema box  is a test class of . Note that this schema is equivalent to . This observation can be generalized by saying that if  is a test class of , then the Z schema box defined by  is also a test class of . According to this definition the VIS is also a test class.

If  is a test class of , then the predicate  in  is said to be the characteristic predicate of  or  is characterized by .

Test classes are also called test objectives , test templates  and test specifications.

Testing tactic
In the context of the TTF a testing tactic is a means to partition any test class of any operation. However, some of the testing tactics used in practice actually do not always generate a partition of some test classes.

Some testing tactics originally proposed for the TTF are the following:

Disjunctive Normal Form (DNF). By applying this tactic the operation is written in Disjunctive Normal Form and the test class is divided in as many test classes as terms are in the resulting operation's predicate. The predicate added to each new test class is the precondition of one of the terms in the operation's predicate.
Standard Partitions (SP). This tactic uses a predefined partition of some mathematical operator . For example, the following is a good partition for expressions of the form  where  is one of ,  and  (see Set theory).

As can be noticed, standard partitions might change according to how much testing the engineer wants to perform.
Sub-domain Propagation (SDP). This tactic is applied to expressions containing:
 Two or more mathematical operators for which there are already defined standard partitions, or
 Mathematical operators which are defined in terms of other mathematical operators.
In any of these cases, the standard partitions of the operators appearing in the expression or in the definition of a complex one, are combined to produce a partition for the expression. If the tactic is applied to the second case, then the resulting partition can be considered as the standard partition for that operator. Stocks and Carrington in  illustrate this situation with , where  means domain anti-restriction, by giving standard partitions for  and  and propagating them to calculate a partition for .
Specification Mutation (SM). The first step of this tactic consists in generating a mutant of the Z operation. A mutant of a Z operation is similar in concept to a mutant of a program, i.e. it is a modified version of the operation. The modification is introduced by the engineer with the intention of uncovering an error in the implementation. The mutant should be the specification that the engineer guesses the programmer has implemented. Then, the engineer has to calculate the subset of the VIS that yields different results in both specifications. The predicate of this set is used to derive a new test class.

Some other testing tactics that may also be used are the following:

In Set Extension (ISE). It applies to predicates of the form . In this case, it generates  test classes such that a predicate of the form  is added to each of them.
Mandatory Test Set (MTS). This tactic associates a set of constant values to a VIS' variable and generates as many test classes as elements are in the set. Each test class is characterized by a predicate of the form  where  is the name of the variable and  is one of the values of the set.
Numeric Ranges (NR). This tactic applies only to VIS' variables of type  (or its "subtype" ). It consists in associating a range to a variable and deriving test classes by comparing the variable with the limits of the range in some ways. More formally, let  be a variable of type  and let  be the associated range. Then, the tactic generates the test classes characterized by the following predicates: , , , , .
Free Type (FT). This tactic generates as many test classes as elements a free (enumerated) type has. In other words, if a model defines type  and some operation uses  of type , then by applying this tactic each test class will by divided into three new test classes: one in which  equals , the other in which  equals , and the third where  equals .
Proper Subset of Set Extension (PSSE). This tactic uses the same concept of ISE but applied to set inclusions. PSSE helps to test operations including predicates like . When PSSE is applied it generates  test classes where a predicate of the form  with  and , is added to each class.  is excluded from  because  is a proper subset of .
Subset of Set Extension (SSE). It is identical to PSSE but it applies to predicates of the form  in which case it generates  by considering also .

Testing tree&
The application of a testing tactic to the VIS generates some test classes. If some of these test classes are further partitioned by applying one or more testing tactics, a new set of test classes is obtained. This process can continue by applying testing tactics to the test classes generated so far. Evidently, the result of this process can be drawn as a tree with the VIS as the root node, the test classes generated by the first testing tactic as its children, and so on. Furthermore, Stocks and Carrington in  propose to use the Z notation to build the tree, as follows.

Pruning testing trees
In general a test class' predicate is a conjunction of two or more predicates. It is likely, then, that some test classes are empty because their predicates are contradictions. These test classes must be pruned from the testing tree because they represent impossible combinations of input values, i.e. no abstract test case can be derived out of them.

Abstract test case
An abstract test case is an element belonging to a test class. The TTF prescribes that abstract test cases should be derived only from the leaves of the testing tree. Abstract test cases can also be written as Z schema boxes. Let  be some operation, let  be the VIS of , let  be all the variables declared in , let  be a (leaf) test class of the testing tree associated to , let  be the characteristic predicates of each test class from  up to  (by following the edges from child to parent), and let  be  constant values satisfying . Then, an abstract test case of  is the Z schema box defined by .

See also
Model-based testing
Fastest

References
.
.
.

Notes

Computer-related introductions in 1996
Software testing
Z notation