text:
#include "SimpleEval.h"
#include "TypedAnalyser.h"
#include "instantiation.h"
#include "typecheck.h"

using namespace VAL1_2;

namespace Inst {

const bool simpleEvalDebug = false;

IState InitialStateEvaluator::initState;
IState0Arity InitialStateEvaluator::init0State;

void InitialStateEvaluator::setInitialState()
{
	initState.clear();
	init0State.clear();

	for(pc_list<simple_effect*>::const_iterator i =
				current_analysis->the_problem->initial_state->add_effects.begin();
				i != current_analysis->the_problem->initial_state->add_effects.end();++i)
	{
		if((*i)->prop->args->begin()==(*i)->prop->args->end())
		{
			// Arity 0...
			init0State.insert((*i)->prop->head);

		}
		else
		{
			initState[(*i)->prop->head].push_back((*i)->prop->args);
		};
	};
};

void InitialStateEvaluator::evaluateSimpleGoal(FastEnvironment * f,simple_goal * s)
{
	extended_pred_symbol * eps = EPS(s->getProp()->head);
	if(eps->appearsStatic())
	{
		if(!eps->isCompletelyStatic(f,s->getProp()))
		{
//			cout << s->getProp()->head->getName() << " is a faker\n";
			unknownTrue = true;
			unknownFalse = true;
			return;
		};

		if (simpleEvalDebug) cout << s->getProp()->head->getName() << " is static\n";

		unknownTrue = false;
		unknownFalse = false;

		//eps = eps->getPrimitive(f,s->getProp());

		if(eps->contains(f,s->getProp()))
		{
			valueTrue = true;
			valueFalse = false;
		}
		else
		{
			valueTrue = (init0State.find(s->getProp()->head) != init0State.end());
			valueFalse = !valueTrue;
		}
		if(s->getPolarity() == E_NEG)
		{
			const bool vt = valueTrue;
			valueTrue = valueFalse;
			valueFalse = vt;
		};

		return;
	}
	else if(eps->cannotIncrease())
	{
//		cout << "Got one that cannot increase " << *eps << "\n";
		if(s->getPolarity() == E_NEG)
		{
			valueTrue = !valueTrue;
			valueFalse = !valueFalse;
			unknownTrue = true;
			unknownFalse = false;
			return;
		}
		unknownTrue = false;
		unknownFalse = false;
		if(eps->contains(f,s->getProp()))
		{
			valueTrue = true;
			valueFalse = false;
			return;
		};
		valueTrue = (init0State.find(s->getProp()->head) != init0State.end());
		valueFalse = !valueTrue;
		return;

	}
	unknownTrue = true;
	unknownFalse = true;
};

bool partialMatch(const VAL::const_symbol * x,const VAL::const_symbol * y)
{
	return x==y || x==0 || y==0;
};

void SimpleEvaluator::visit_preference(preference * p)
{};

bool SimpleEvaluator::equiv(const parameter_symbol_list * s,const parameter_symbol_list * p)
{
	parameter_symbol_list::const_iterator y = p->begin();
	for(parameter_symbol_list::const_iterator x = s->begin();x != s->end();++x,++y)
	{
		if((*f)[*x] != *y) return false;
	};
	return true;
};

void SimpleEvaluator::visit_simple_goal(simple_goal * s)
{
	if(EPS(s->getProp()->head)->getParent() == this->equality)
	{
//	cout << "Got equality\n";
		unknownTrue = false;
		unknownFalse = false;
		valueTrue = ((*f)[s->getProp()->args->front()] ==
						(*f)[s->getProp()->args->back()]);
		valueFalse = !valueTrue;

		if(s->getPolarity() == E_NEG)
		{
			const bool vt = valueTrue;
			valueTrue = valueFalse;
			valueFalse = vt;
		};
		return;
	};
	primev->evaluateSimpleGoal(f,s);
	if (simpleEvalDebug) {
		if (!unknownTrue && valueTrue) {
			cout << "\t\tValue of fact known to be true\n";
		}
		if (!unknownFalse && valueFalse) {
			cout << "\t\tValue of fact known to be false\n";
		}
		if (unknownTrue || unknownFalse) {
			cout << "\t\tValue of fact unknown\n";
		}
	}
};

void SimpleEvaluator::visit_qfied_goal(qfied_goal * p)
{

	vector<vector<VAL::const_symbol*>::const_iterator> vals(p->getVars()->size());
	vector<vector<VAL::const_symbol*>::const_iterator> starts(p->getVars()->size());
	vector<vector<VAL::const_symbol*>::const_iterator> ends(p->getVars()->size());
	vector<VAL::var_symbol *> vars(p->getVars()->size());
	FastEnvironment fe(*f);
	fe.extend(vars.size());
	int i = 0;
	int c = 1;
	for(var_symbol_list::const_iterator pi = p->getVars()->begin();
			pi != p->getVars()->end();++pi,++i)
	{
		if(instantiatedOp::getValues().find((*pi)->type) == instantiatedOp::getValues().end())
		{
			instantiatedOp::getValues()[(*pi)->type] = tc->range(*pi);
		};
		vals[i] = starts[i] = instantiatedOp::getValues()[(*pi)->type].begin();
		ends[i] = instantiatedOp::getValues()[(*pi)->type].end();
		if(ends[i]==starts[i]) return;
		fe[(*pi)] = *(vals[i]);
		vars[i] = *pi;
		c *= instantiatedOp::getValues()[(*pi)->type].size();
	};

	valueTrue = (p->getQuantifier() == VAL::E_FORALL);
	valueFalse = !valueTrue;
	unknownTrue = false;
	unknownFalse = false;

	bool uTrue = false;
	bool uFalse = false;

	--i;
	while(vals[i] != ends[i])
	{
// This is inefficient because it creates a copy of the environment even if the copy is never used.
// In practice, this should not be a problem because a quantified effect presumably uses the variables
// it quantifies.
		FastEnvironment * const ecpy = f;
		FastEnvironment toPass(fe);
		f = &toPass;
		p->getGoal()->visit(this);

		if (p->getQuantifier() == VAL::E_FORALL) {
;			if(reallyFalse()) {
				if (simpleEvalDebug) cout << "Contradictory child of forall\n";
				return;
			}
			uTrue = uTrue || unknownTrue;
			uFalse = uFalse || unknownFalse;
		} else {
			if(reallyTrue()) {
				if (simpleEvalDebug) cout << "Tautologous child of exists\n";
				return;
			}
			uTrue = uTrue || unknownTrue;
			uFalse = uFalse || unknownFalse;
		}
		f = ecpy;

		int x = 0;
		++vals[0];
		if(vals[0] != ends[0]) fe[vars[0]] = *(vals[0]);
		while(x < i && vals[x] == ends[x])
		{
			vals[x] = starts[x];
			fe[vars[x]] = *(vals[x]);
			++x;
			++vals[x];
			if(vals[x] != ends[x]) fe[vars[x]] = *(vals[x]);
		};
	};
	unknownTrue = uTrue;
	unknownFalse = uFalse;
};

void SimpleEvaluator::visit_conj_goal(conj_goal * c)
{
	if (simpleEvalDebug) cout << "And...\n";
	bool uTrue = false;
	bool uFalse = false;

	unknownTrue = false;
	unknownFalse = false;
	valueTrue = true;
	valueFalse = false;
	for(goal_list::const_iterator i = c->getGoals()->begin();
		i != c->getGoals()->end();++i)
	{
		(*i)->visit(this);
		if(reallyFalse()) {
			if (simpleEvalDebug) cout << "Contradictory child of and\n";
			return;
		}
		uTrue = uTrue || unknownTrue;
		uFalse = uFalse || unknownFalse;
	};
	unknownTrue = uTrue;
	unknownFalse = uFalse;

        if (simpleEvalDebug) {
            if (!unknownTrue && valueTrue) {
                cout << "\t\tValue of AND known to be true\n";
            }
            if (!unknownFalse && valueFalse) {
                cout << "\t\tValue of AND known to be false\n";
            }
            if (unknownTrue) {
                cout << "\t\tValue of AND might be true\n";
            }
            if (unknownFalse) {
                cout << "\t\tValue of AND might be false\n";
            }

        }
};

void SimpleEvaluator::visit_disj_goal(disj_goal * d)
{
	if (simpleEvalDebug) cout << "Or...\n";
	bool uTrue = false;
	bool uFalse = false;

	unknownTrue = false;
	unknownFalse = false;
	valueTrue = false;
	valueFalse = true;

	for(goal_list::const_iterator i = d->getGoals()->begin();
		i != d->getGoals()->end();++i)
	{
		(*i)->visit(this);
		if(reallyTrue()) {
			if (simpleEvalDebug) cout << "Tautologous child of or\n";
			return;
		}
		uTrue = uTrue || unknownTrue;
		uFalse = uFalse || unknownFalse;
	};
	unknownTrue = uTrue;
	unknownFalse = uFalse;
};

void SimpleEvaluator::visit_timed_goal(timed_goal * t)
{
	t->getGoal()->visit(this);
};

void SimpleEvaluator::visit_imply_goal(imply_goal * ig)
{
	if (simpleEvalDebug) cout << "Implies...\n";
	ig->getAntecedent()->visit(this);
	if(unknownTrue || unknownFalse) {
		if (simpleEvalDebug) cout << "Implication with an unknown antecedent\n";
		unknownTrue = true;
		unknownFalse = true;
		return;
	}
	if(valueTrue)
	{
		if (simpleEvalDebug) cout << "Antecedent tautologous, checking consequent\n";
		ig->getConsequent()->visit(this);
	}
	else
	{
		if (simpleEvalDebug) cout << "Antecedent contradictory, ex falso quodlibet\n";
		valueTrue = true;
		valueFalse = false;
	}
};

void SimpleEvaluator::visit_neg_goal(neg_goal * ng)
{
	if (simpleEvalDebug) cout << "Negating...\n";
	ng->getGoal()->visit(this);
	if(!unknownTrue && !unknownFalse)
	{
		const bool vt = valueTrue;
		valueTrue = valueFalse;
		valueFalse = vt;
	} else {
		unknownTrue = true;
		unknownFalse = true;
	}

	if (simpleEvalDebug) {
		if (valueTrue) {
			cout << "Now cast as true\n";
		} else if (valueFalse) {
			cout << "Now cast as false\n";
		}
	}
};

void SimpleEvaluator::visit_event(event * op)
{
	op->precondition->visit(this);
};

void SimpleEvaluator::visit_process(process * op)
{
	op->precondition->visit(this);
};

void SimpleEvaluator::visit_comparison(comparison * c)
{
//	unknown = true;
//	return;

	isFixed = false;
	undefined = false;
	isDuration = false;
	c->getLHS()->visit(this);
	if(undefined)
	{
		unknownTrue = false;
		valueTrue = false;
		unknownFalse = false;
		valueFalse = false;

		return;
	};
	if(isDuration)
	{
		valueTrue = true;
		unknownTrue = false;
		valueFalse = false;
		unknownFalse = false;
		return;
	};
	bool lhsFixed = isFixed;
	double lhsval = nvalue;
	//bool lhsDur = isDuration;

	isDuration = false;
	c->getRHS()->visit(this);
	if(undefined)
	{
		unknownTrue = valueTrue = false;
		unknownFalse = valueFalse = false;
		return;
	};

	isFixed &= lhsFixed;
	if(isFixed)
	{
		unknownTrue = false;
		unknownFalse = false;
		switch(c->getOp())
		{
			case E_GREATER:
				valueTrue = (lhsval > nvalue);  // I think this is a problem case if
											// we are comparing with ?duration in the
											// special duration field....
				break;
			case E_GREATEQ:
				valueTrue = (lhsval >= nvalue);
				break;
			case E_LESS:
				valueTrue = (lhsval < nvalue);
				break;
			case E_LESSEQ:
				valueTrue = (lhsval <= nvalue);
				break;
			default: // E_EQUALS
				valueTrue = (lhsval == nvalue);
		};
		valueFalse = !valueTrue;
	}
	else
	{
		unknownTrue = true;
		unknownFalse = true;
	};
};

void SimpleEvaluator::visit_action(action * op)
{
	if (op->precondition) {
            if (simpleEvalDebug) cout << "Visiting operator preconditions\n";
            op->precondition->visit(this);
            if (simpleEvalDebug) {
                if(reallyTrue()) {
                    cout << "Preconditions are really true\n";
                }
                if (reallyFalse()) {
                    cout << "Preconditions are really false\n";
                }
            }
        }
};

void SimpleEvaluator::visit_derivation_rule(derivation_rule * drv)
{
	if (drv->get_body()) drv->get_body()->visit(this);
};

void SimpleEvaluator::visit_durative_action(durative_action * da)
{
	if(da->precondition) da->precondition->visit(this);
	if(unknownTrue || valueTrue)
	{
		da->dur_constraint->visit(this);
	};
};

void SimpleEvaluator::visit_plus_expression(plus_expression * s)
{
	s->getLHS()->visit(this);
	double x = nvalue;
	bool lisFixed = isFixed;
	s->getRHS()->visit(this);
	nvalue += x;
	isFixed &= lisFixed;
};

void SimpleEvaluator::visit_minus_expression(minus_expression * s)
{
	s->getLHS()->visit(this);
	double x = nvalue;
	bool lisFixed = isFixed;
	s->getRHS()->visit(this);
	nvalue -= x;
	isFixed &= lisFixed;
};

void SimpleEvaluator::visit_mul_expression(mul_expression * s)
{
	s->getLHS()->visit(this);
	double x = nvalue;
	bool lisFixed = isFixed;
	s->getRHS()->visit(this);
	nvalue *= x;
	isFixed &= lisFixed;
};

void SimpleEvaluator::visit_div_expression(div_expression * s)
{
	s->getRHS()->visit(this);
	double x = nvalue;
	bool risFixed = isFixed;
	s->getLHS()->visit(this);
	isFixed &= risFixed;
	if(x != 0)
	{
		nvalue /= x;
	};
	if(isFixed && x == 0)
	{
		//cout << "Division by zero!\n";
		undefined = true;
	};
};

void SimpleEvaluator::visit_uminus_expression(uminus_expression * s)
{
	s->getExpr()->visit(this);
};

void SimpleEvaluator::visit_int_expression(int_expression * s)
{
	isFixed = true;
	nvalue = s->double_value();
};

void SimpleEvaluator::visit_float_expression(float_expression * s)
{
	isFixed = true;
	nvalue = s->double_value();
};

void SimpleEvaluator::visit_special_val_expr(special_val_expr * s)
{
	if(s->getKind() == E_DURATION_VAR) isDuration = true;
	isFixed = true; // Possibly inappropriate...
};

void SimpleEvaluator::visit_func_term(func_term * s)
{
	extended_func_symbol * efs = EFT(s->getFunction());
	//cout << "Eval: " << s->getFunction()->getName() << "\n";
	if(efs->isStatic())
	{
		isFixed = true;
		pair<bool,double> pv = efs->getInitial(makeIterator(f,s->getArgs()->begin()),
						makeIterator(f,s->getArgs()->end()));
		if(pv.first)
		{
			nvalue = pv.second;
			//cout << "Value is " << nvalue << "\n";
		}
		else
		{
			undefined = true;
			//cout << "Undefined\n";
		};
	}
	else
	{
		isFixed = false;
		//cout << "Variable\n";
	};
};

};

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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Chronicles how cultures collide when a white family and a Latino family are bonded together by their children who fall in love followed quickly by an unplanned pregnancy.
Molly and Junior decide to move into their own place.
An overlapping sonogram appointment with Molly (Ella Rae Peck) risks exposing Caroline's (Mary McCormack) pregnancy. Miguel (Ricardo Chavira) and Dan (Mike O'Malley) square off at the boxing gym.
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text:
The Hindu: Sheela Murthy Speaks on H-4 Visa Problems
http://www.sheelamurthy.com/wp-content/themes/sheela-murthy/images/empty/thumbnail.jpg 150 150 Sheela Murthy Sheela Murthy http://www.sheelamurthy.com/wp-content/themes/sheela-murthy/images/empty/thumbnail.jpg August 20, 2012 March 17, 2017
Murthy Law Firm founder and president, Sheela Murthy, was interviewed for a recent article in The Hindu, a leading Indian newspaper, about problems facing the spouses of H1B visa holders, who typically enter the United States on H-4 visas that forbid them to work here. [See On the H-4, a Trail of Misery and Lonely Battles, by Narayan Lakshman, The Hindu, 30.Jul.2012.]
According to The Hindu, spouses of H1B workers sometimes face unexpected difficulties after they arrive in the United States – difficulties of a highly personal nature, ranging from a sense of isolation to full-blown depression, often accompanied by physical ailments, all borne of the inability to work outside the home. According to the article, spouses with unmet educational and career aspirations can find themselves deeply frustrated by the restrictions imposed on them as H-4 visa holders. To find out why H-4 visa holders remain unable work, The Hindu spoke with Sheela Murthy who:
"… told The Hindu that there had occasionally been talk in official circles about granting H-4 visa holders the right to work, but 'that was before the economy tanked.' Apart from the sheer political pressure that any government would face if its tries to push through such a reform, it could also lead to some uncomfortable questions as to why the spouses of other visa holders – including the A, B, C, D, G, and F visas – could not similarly be given the right work."
The article in The Hindu raises provocative questions about the H-4 visa program, the human cost of its strict ban on working, and the possibility of moderating the ban at some future time. Murthy notes that the case for granting H-4 visa holders the right to work is a "strong but not winning argument," and that the lobbying effort for this has not been forceful or consistent enough, up to now, to carry the day. As a longtime advocate for women's rights, Murthy remains concerned about the difficult situations facing many H1B spouses, and she will continue to carefully monitor these issues.
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Murthy Represents at AILA Annual Conference

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Dr. Mary E Moon VMD, Owner, Educated in Canine and Feline Medicine.
Dr. MEGAN EMMA DVM, Educated in Canine and Feline Medicine.
Dr. JUDY PASSMORE DVM, Educated in Canine and Feline Medicine.
Dr. NANCY SUNG VMD, Educated in Canine and Feline Medicine.
Dr. Mindy Feldmen DVM, Educated in Canine and Feline Medicine.
Dr. Brian Ashmoore DVM, Educated in Canine and Feline Medicine.
Since opening in 1970 the doctors and staff of the Hamilton Veterinary Hospital have been providing the pets of central and south central New Jersey with premiere veterinary care.
Our team of professionals provides personalized, individualized care and service to our all patients within a compassionate and respectful environment. Responsive, hands-on care allows our doctors to tailor treatment specifically to individual patient needs. Medical, dental and wellness care is available to your pet during our regular hours, as well as a full range of surgical options, if necessary. After hours care also is available but provided by local emergency hospitals. We prefer that you have an appointment to see us, but walk-ins are welcome.
Our website is a valuable tool containing a wealth of basic information that will help you care for your pet. The site also can be used as a portal for round-the -clock access to your pet's medical history and records. Online shopping is available through our website too. Here you may order your pet's prescription drugs, flea and tick preventatives and heartworm medications. Other products also are available.
Feel free to schedule an appointment or email any questions to our friendly and knowledgeable staff at hvhguest@optonline.net. For those preferring more traditional methods, please phone us at 609-888-3400. Remember, your pet's well-being is our primary concern.
Check our Hospital Schedule tab for the latest closing due to severe weather! Closing updates will also be available on our Facebook page. Click on the facebook logo at top to be redirected to our facebook website.
Visit our Monthly Promotions Tab for February Dental Month promo. Limited Time.
Blog Posting on Leptospirosis by Dr. Emma. Please click here to read blog. Spanish version on same page.
Warning: Leptospirosis outbreak has increase in New Jersey. We have had several suspected cases in the last few months and two deaths. Please click here to read more about the disease and how to prevent it from affecting you pets. If you have any question please contact us so we may help you prevent this disease. 609-888-3400.
We have a new Blog on this years Tick Season. Just click on Blog to read.
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We have a product called Bravecto that will protect your pets for up to 12 weeks by giving just 1 chew tablet. That's THREE months of protection. For more information click on Bravecto. We carry Bravecto in our hospital or on our on line pharmacy's.
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Dr. Mary Moon graduated from The University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine in 1983. Dr. Moon is a member of the New Jersey Veterinary Medical Association. She has also been a past member on the executive board for American Veterinary Medical Association. Dr. Moon has also been a member of American Animal Hospital Association for the past 20 years. With the retirement of her father, Dr. Calvin Moon, Mary has been the owner since 1995. She loves to paint landscape scenes in oils and is now working with pastels. Some of her paintings and sketches are hanging in our office.
Dr. Judy Passmore graduated from Michigan State University College of Veterinary Medicine in 1982. Judy initially worked in equine practice. In 1994, Judy started working with small animals and joined our hospital in 1997. Judy enjoys seeing both cats and dogs, with a special interest in feline medicine. Dr. Passmore is a member of the AVMA, and the AAFP. She enjoys her cats, reading and traveling.
Dr. Nancy Sung has graduated from University of Pennsylvania, School of Veterinary Medicine in 2009. Nancy has done an externship at our hospital to gain experience in small animal practice between her sophomore and junior year at U of P. She enjoyed her experience so much she returned to us in August 2009. She and her husband have expanded their family in the last year. She is enjoying motherhood, and still has time to practice veterinary medicine.
Dr. Megan Emma is a lifelong resident of Mercer County. She is a graduate of Tufts Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine with a degree in Doctor of Veterinary Medicine. Megan's interests are in medicine and behavioral issues in small animals. Dr. Emma joined our staff in May 2012 as a new graduate. She also became a newlywed this October. She loves to read in her spare time and travel when she gets a chance.
"" Hi everyone...We just wanted to thank everyone at HVH for helping us get thru such a difficult time letting Rok go to the Rainbow Bridge. We will never forget you guys as you made the journey of these 15 years smooth and easy not only for us but for our good old boy.... To Dr. Moon, your professionalism and caring manner in helping us get ROK thru this is to be commended. We couldn't have done it without you. Thanks and God Bless. The Gliem family and of course Rok!!! On 7/21/12 I unfortunately had to let my best friend, Niki, go. This was the 1st time I ever had to make such a hard decision but the staff at HamiltonVet were so compassionate and caring & they made what was a horrible day more comforting to me and my family. The staff was very friendly and sincere in their condolences. I thank you all from the bottom of my heart. XOXO""


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Pride and Prejudice Characters
Elizabeth Bennet
Elizabeth Bennet may not look much like Frodo Baggins, but a ring is central to her quest, too....
A haughty landowner, Darcy doesn't see why he should bother with people who aren't as rich,...
Jane Bennet
The oldest Bennet sister is Elizabeth's best friend and hopelessly in love with Charles...
Mr. Wickham
A seemingly perfect gentleman from a poor family, Wickham turns out to be the Bennet family's...
Charlotte Lucas
The boorish, pompous, and ridiculous heir to the entailed Bennet estate, Mr. Collins is also a...
Mr. Bennet
Pride and Prejudice is about nothing if it isn't about consequences. What do we mean? Well, think...
Mrs. Bennet
You think your mother's embarrassing? She's got nothing on Mrs. Bennet. Mrs. Bennet is a...
Lady Catherine de Bourgh
Lady Catherine is a satire of a grande dame—a totally overbearing, domineering woman who...
Lydia Bennet
A boy-crazy, totally un-self-conscious teenager (she's 15 when the story begins), the youngest...
Miss Caroline Bingley
Caroline has two modes. Mode one we'll call sucking-up-to-Darcy. She's totally hot for him, and...
Georgiana Darcy
Mary Bennet and Kitty Bennet
Mary and Kitty are the other Bennet sisters, neither of whom are super-developed as characters....
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Mr. Gardiner is Mrs. Bennet's brother, but they're not much alike: Mr. Gardiner was a sensible,...


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The following information is specific to City of Gainesville Municipal Elections, not those conducted by Cooke County. For information on elections conducted by Cooke County, view the Cooke County Election Information webpage.
The 2019 General Election will take place on Saturday, May 4, 2019.
The City Secretary Performs All Duties Related to Municipal Elections.
The first Saturday in May is the Uniform Election date for the City's General Election of City officials in Gainesville, Texas.
The Gainesville City Charter provides for election of six council members, a mayor, and a municipal judge. The six council members are elected by the qualified voters in six city wards. The mayor and municipal judge are elected at large by the qualified voters in all six wards of the city. All members, including mayor and municipal judge, serve two-year terms.
In even numbered years, the municipal judge is elected at large, and council members are elected in Ward 3, Ward 5, and Ward 6.
In odd numbered years, the mayor is elected at large, and council members are elected in Ward 1, Ward 2, and Ward 4.
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Shared Drives are collaborative spaces where teams can store their files and guarantee that every member has the most up-to-date information.
Shared Drives are spaces where teams can store their files and guarantee that every member has the most up-to-date information, no matter the time or place.
What makes Shared Drives special?
Every person and Google Group added to a Shared Drive gets instant access to that team's documents.
Shared Drives are designed to store the team's work collectively, so if a document's creator moves off of the team that document doesn't go with them.
Team members are prevented from accidentally removing or deleting files that others need.
Your entire team, as defined and maintained by the team leader, will be able to see the Shared Drive in their Google Drive and browse, navigate and search through it. For most effective use, Shared Drive searches can be limited to that shared drive space only.
Shared Drive Support From Google
When working with confidential information, be aware that every person in the shared drive will also be able to access that data. If you are going to save to a shared drive, make sure that everyone in the drive should be able to see this information.
If it is something that only select individuals should have access to, we recommend saving to your personal Google Drive (rather than a team drive), and then sharing with individual users.
How to Request a Shared Drive
To request a Shared Drive for your department, please contact the Help Desk. If approved, the Help Desk will create the drive, and then send it back to the requester with the requester as the admin of the space to add more team members. Please do not attempt to set up your own team drive at this time.
File Management with Shared Drives
Once your Shared Drive has been set-up, you may add files as you normally would with your own Drive. Remember that all files added will be visible to all team members, so make sure you are only putting files in a Shared Drive that are meant for everyone.
Learn More About Adding Files and Folders with Shared Drives
Similar to your own Drive, all files in Shared Drives can be starred as important, moved or deleted completely. There are certain restrictions to these abilities depending on your permissions for the Shared Drive, for example, a user with comment access cannot remove a file.
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Any files placed in Shared Drives are automatically shared with all members of the Shared Drive. You can still share Shared Drive files with people in your organization who aren't members of the Shared Drive and give them varying levels of rights (admin, read/write, read-only and comment), but the rights levels apply to the drive as a whole for that person.
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The Royal Ranger Regiment (; RRD) is an infantry regiment of the Malaysian Army. Although it is second in seniority to the Royal Malay Regiment (; RAMD), the RRD can trace its origins back to the mid 19th century and the establishment of The Sarawak Rangers, the peacekeeping force in the Sarawak region. This force was absorbed by the Sarawak Constabulary in 1932, but the name was revived in 1941 as a British Colonial unit; this unit commanded by British Lieutenant Colonel C.M. Lane was captured by the Japanese in 1942.

History
In 1948, at the beginning of the Malayan Emergency, groups of Iban trackers were recruited to help in the defence against the Communist Party of Malaya. These Iban trackers were organised into a regimental formation as the Sarawak Rangers in 1953. Prior to 1963, they were attached as scouts to many British units serving in Malaya. One of the trackers, Awang anak Rawang was awarded the George Cross on 20 November 1951, during his attachment to the Worcestershire Regiment.

In 1963, following the formation of Malaysia on 16 September of that year, the unit was transferred from the British Colonial Forces to the new Malaysian Army and expanded into a multi-battalion, multi-ethnic regiment named . This became the  in 1971, before being given the 'Royal' prefix and hence known as the  ('Royal Ranger Regiment') in 1992.

On 28 September 2013, Royal Ranger Regiment celebrated its Golden Jubilee.

Present

The RRD is organised in the same way as the RAMD and currently consists of ten battalions.  The 1st to 6th, and the 9th and 10th are light infantry battalions. In 1995, the 11th Rangers was dissolved due to the restructuring of the armed forces by year 2000.

The 7th Ranger Battalion is a mechanised infantry battalion and is equipped with tracked ACV 300 Adnan IFVs, some of which are armed with Bushmaster 25 mm guns.

The 8th Ranger Battalion (Parachute) is one of the four airborne infantry battalions of the 10th Parachute Brigade – the military element in Malaysian Rapid Deployment Force.

Colonel in Chief
Tuanku Syed Sirajudin Ibni Tuanku Syed Putra Jamalullail, the former King of Malaysia (), and the reigning Raja of Perlis, is the Colonel in Chief of the regiment.

The current Chairman of the Corps is lieutenant General Dato' Mohd Zaki bin Hj Mokhtar.

Customs and traditions

Hackle
Rejimen Renjer DiRaja is the only regiment or corps in the Malaysian Army that is authorised to wear the black hackle as part of their uniform. Also, unlike other units, the No.3 uniform (office duty) has black buttons and Gun Metal pips instead of the standard green buttons and pips of the Malaysian Army.

A Ranger – A Special Malaysian Soldier
Unlike in other units of the Malaysian Army, a private-rank soldier in the Rangers battalion is addressed as 'Ranger.' In the Grup Gerak Khas, a commando formation, a private is addressed as Trooper as well as in the Royal Armoured Corps. In the Royal Engineers Regiment, a private is known as Sapper, while in the Royal Artillery Regiments a private is addressed as Gunner. For the rest of the Malaysian Army, a private-rank soldier is addressed as Private.

Motto
The motto of the Ranger Regiment is . A direct translation, word for word from Iban to English is "Still Alive, Still Fight." In spirit the motto means "Fight to the Death." It is conjectured that the motto was derived from Brooke family's Latin motto,  which means "While I Breathe, I Hope."  In this light,  could mean "While I Breathe, I fight."    was the state motto for the Kingdom of Sarawak. In the other, according to the Journal of 1st Ranger Regiment, the motto  was derived from "Whilst There Is Life, There Is Fight", also noted as Brooke's family motto.

Others attributed the motto to that of Libau, also known as Rentap (means Shaker of the world), the legendary Iban Headhunter of Brooke era. Rentap's battle cry was "Agi Idup, Agi Ngelaban!" which means "I will fight as long as I will live". The Royal Ranger Regiment is the only corps of the Malaysian Armed Forces using this motto in the Iban language.

Sarawak Dayak, Pribumi influence & achievement
As an infantry regiment whose recruits are drawn from every race and pribumi (native) group of Malaysia, Rejimen Renjer Malaysia is rich with cultural heritage. The "Ngajat", the Iban Warrior Dance of the Sarawak Dayak community is now part of the regimental drill used to welcome visiting dignitaries. The adoption of this warrior dance as part of the regimental culture is due to the fact that this reincarnated unit of the Sarawak Rangers was once almost exclusively filled in the ranks by Iban soldiers.

Col. (R) Dunstan Nyaring Angking of 1 Renjer was the first native Iban officer to attain the rank of full colonel in the Malaysian army. He served with 1 Renjer during the Indonesian confrontation and was the ensign that received on behalf of his battalion, the battalion's Battle Truncheon. The Battle Truncheon was presented by the Governor of Sarawak, Tun Abang Haji Openg Bin Abang Sapi'ee on 19 November 1966 in Lundu, First Division, Sarawak. In his address to the battalion, he had this to say amongst other things:
"This TRUNCHEON which is presented to you is an emblem from the State Government. It is also a mark of appreciation of the Government and the people of Sarawak for your services to the country and for the worthy upholding of the best tradition of our people. This a great honour earned through your conduct, bearing and bravery in battle every-where you are called upon to serve".

Currently, Brigadier General Datuk Stephen Mundaw from Pakit, Sri Aman, Sarawak is the only known highest native Iban officer serving the Malaysian Army as a Brigadier General. On 1 November 2010, he became the first native Iban officer to be appointed as Brigadier General.  Apart from that, another known Dayak officer is Lt. Col. Jimbai Bunsu PBK, currently a 2nd I/C of the 1st Bn/511th Regiment TA based in Kuching.

The other well-known native Iban officers are Lt. Col. (R) Robert Rizal Abdullah @ Robert Madang PGB PBK from Lachau, Sri Aman and Lt. Col.(R) James Tomlow ak Isa and Lt. Col. (R) Linus Lunsong Janti, who later became first Iban to command 22nd Commando Regiment.

A known Malay officer from Sarawak to have commanded the Ranger regiment as commanding officer, were Lt. Col (R) Abang Hamdan Bin Abang Hadari and Lt Col (R) Abang Mohd Ali Badren Bin Abang Willie (9 RRD). Another Sarawakian Malay officer, Capt. (R) Ahmad Johan, later became well known businessman and now known as Tan Sri Ahmad Johan,Chairman of National Aerospace and Defense Industries Sdn.Bhd (NADI).

Battalions of The Royal Malaysian Rangers

1st Rangers
Following the terms of the Defence Agreement, Britain had agreed to raise, train and maintain one infantry Battalion, each from the new states of Sabah and Sarawak. HQ Malaya Command Ranger Group was formed and headed by Colonel I.G. Wellstead to co-ordinate and implement this clause of the agreement.

The First Battalion Malaysian Rangers was formed on 16 September 1963 at Baird Camp, Ulu Tiram, Johor – the same camp occupied by the Sarawak Rangers, disbanded the day before, 15 September. Lt. Col E. Gopsill OBE, DSO, MC of the 7th Gurkha Rifles was appointed the commanding officer and the new battalion of around 100, all formerly servicemen of the Sarawak Rangers, was under the overall command of the Malaysian Army. Amongst the personnel that would be a part of the new regiment was Lt. James Tomlow ak Isa, who was originally granted a Governor's Commission in the Sarawak Rangers and was subsequently granted a regular commission as an army officer by HM the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, Syed Putra of Perlis.

In October 1963, the nucleus of the Battalion moved out of Baird Camp to Kandy Lines, Trg Depot BDE of Gurkhas at Sungai Petani to prepare and conduct recruit training and continuity training for the new intakes. The recruits went through about four months of basic individual training followed by another two months continuity training.

Initially, this British Colonial battalion was almost exclusively composed of Sea Dayak soldiers, veterans of the Sarawak Rangers and a small number of Malay and Indian officers.

The 1st Battalion is the premier battalion and remains the icon of the Ranger Corps. Prior to the formation of Malaysia in 1963, the Sarawak Rangers gained their fearsome reputation during the Malayan Emergency. Concurrently, during the post-colonial reconstruction era, the 1st Battalion fought on extensively against the Communist Party of Malaya (CPM), Clandestine Communist Organization (CCO) the military arm of the Sarawak United People's Party (SUPP) and its affiliate the Pasukan Rakyat Kalimantan Utara (PARAKU, the armed wing of the North Kalimantan People's Army) and the Tentera Nasional Indonesia (TNI). Accounts from captured Communist Terrorists (CTs) in the '60s and '70s suggest that other than the (British Royal Marines) commandos, the CPM feared the deployment of the 1st Battalion in the immediate vicinity. The Rangers also saw action at the Malaysian-Thai border

The 1st Battalion remains an active unit of the Malaysian armed forces, although rather inexplicably, the recruitment of Iban stock has been gradually declined significantly over the last 20 years. Consequently, its racial composition is about the same as other Malaysian infantry battalions.

It is worth noting that in the 1950s and 1960s, the British SAS were taught jungle tracking by Iban soldiers. The Ibans from the jungles of Borneo are particularly suited to jungle warfare, serving as jungle trackers for many Commonwealth battalions. Surviving and living off the land are just daily routines to these jungle soldiers. During the Malayan Emergency, Iban trackers from the previous Malayan Scouts were attached to and served in several SAS units.

The 1st Rangers was previously based in Camp Ulu Tiram, Johor Bahru, Johor. It is now based in Kuala Lumpur. This was done by switching its status to 6th Rangers. This was done by transferring 100 soldiers from the 1st Rangers in Ulu Tiram to 6th Rangers in Kuala Lumpur and vice versa. 6th Rangers which was in Kuala Lumpur has now become 1st Rangers and the 1st Rangers which was in Ulu Tiram has now become 6th Rangers. Their records were also moved.

On 14 December 2020, the 1st Battalion Royal Rangers (Sarawak), the seniormost battalion, became the second Foot Guards Battalion of the regular ranks of the Malaysian Army. This status of Foot Guards makes this battalion prepared for the performance of ceremonial public duties in the federal capital city.

2nd Rangers
The motto of this battalion is in the Coastal Kadazan dialect of the Dusun language: 'Osiou Oh Kamanang' (Who Dares Wins). This battalion is currently based in Syed Putra Camp, Ipoh, Perak. Syed Putra Camp was previously known as Sulva Lines Camp, and has been always regarded as 'Home of the Rangers'.

3rd Rangers
The motto of this Battalion is 'Follow Me'. This Battalion also known as 'The Red Hackles Warrior'. The 3rd Rangers was raised at the Suvla Line Camp, Ipoh, Perak on 1 Jul 1965 with the combination of the personnel from Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah and Sarawak (3 different area/region). This battalion is currently stationed at the Oya Camp, Sibu, Sarawak. 928133 Staff Sergeant Muit bin Ahmad, once a member of this battalion, was awarded the 'Pingat Gagah Berani" for successful actions against communist guerrillas. Lt. Col.(Rtd) Robert Rizal Abdullah won his PGB when he served in this battalion. The special event of the battalion is war dance, Battalion dagger/bayonet and companies pennants which is visualise the spirit of Ranger Corps in the unique way.

4th Rangers

This battalion is currently based in Oran Camp, Kangar, Perlis.  This battalion received its Regimental Colours on 25 October 1980. Captain Mohana Chandran a/l Velayuthan (200402), an officer of this Regiment was KIA during search-and-destroy operation in the Kinta Forest Reserve in Perak, Malaysia. He was posthumously awarded the Seri Pahlawan Gagah Perkasa (SP).

5th Rangers
5th Battalion Royal Ranger Regiment was raised on 16 May 1969 at the Wardieburn Camp, Kuala Lumpur, just three days after the 13 May 1969 incident occurred. The motto of this battalion is 'Berjuang Terus Berjuang'. This Battalion was conferred a Royal title and received its Regimental Colours on 17 Oct 1981 at Wardieburn Camp by Royal Ranger Colonel in Chief, the late Tuanku Syed Putra Jamalullail ibni Almarhum Syed Hassan Jamalullail and 2nd Lt Willie Teo Siang Khim (370946) was the first colour bearer. This battalion is currently based at Camp Desa Pahlawan, Kota Bharu, Kelantan.

6th Rangers
This battalion is currently based at Kem Ulu Tiram, 81800 ULU TIRAM, Johor.

7th Rangers (Mechanised)
7th Renjer was formed on 10 May 1970, at Quetta Camp in Kluang, Johor with an initial batch of 202 recruits formed into 2 rifle companies. The complement was completed with the transfer of rifle companies from each of the 8th Malay, 2nd Renjer, 3rd Renjer and 4th Renjer battalions. With the transfer of these companies, 7th Renjer achieved full regimental strength. It is the only mechanised battalion. This battalion was badly bloodied in a communist guerrilla ambush on 26 March 1972 along the Biawak / Lundu road, Sarawak. In a follow-up operation they avenged their fallen comrades and extracted heavy retributions from the communist guerrillas responsible for the ambush. This battalion is currently based at Batu Lima Camp, Mentakab, Pahang. This battalion has successfully engaged the communist guerrillas in several search and destroy operations.

8th Rangers (Parachute)

8th Rangers was formed on 1 March 1973, 3 years after the formation of 7th Rangers. 8th Rangers was raised as the first parachute infantry battalion in the Malaysian Army, and achieved operational status on 1 July 1990 as a component of the elite 10 Paratroop Brigade (Malaysia).

8th Rangers gained fame during the communist Insurgency in the 1970s and 1980s. 8th Rangers engaged in several search and destroy missions against Communist Terrorists in Sarawak. From 1977, the battalion was particularly successful against Communist Terrorists in search and destroy missions in the Hulu Perak, Kinta and Kuala Kangsar regions in Perak.

Several members of the battalion were awarded the nation's highest gallantry award, the Seri Pahlawan Gagah Perkasa (SP) and the Panglima Gagah Berani (PGB) medals. Pegawai Waran II (2nd Warrant Officer) Kanang anak Langkau remains to this day the only recipient of both the Seri Pahlawan Gagah Perkasa and the Panglima Gagah Berani medals. Sergeants Michael Riman anak Bugat and Beliang anak Bali were both awarded the Panglima Gagah Berani medal.

9th Rangers
The 9th Battalion of the Ranger Regiment originated from the 14th Malaysian Territorial Army Battalion, which was formed on 1 April 1971 in Tawau, Sabah. The members of this battalion were locals who were members of the Local Defence Force. The unit was raised at the request of the Sabah State Government who insisted that the unit must be exclusively Sabahans. The Malaysian Army gladly complied with this opportunity by converting the 14th Territorial Battalion into a regular unit in the form of 9th Rangers on 1 March 1979, at the Batu Uban Camp in Penang. The motto of this new Ranger battalion is "Sian Bani Manang", which in the Bajau language means "Who Dares Wins".

This battalion is currently based in Taiping, Perak; and on 28 September 2013, the Golden Jubilee of the Royal Ranger Regiment, the battalion was officially presented with their own color.

10th Rangers
The 10th Battalion was officially formed on New Year's Day 1980, however the battalion nucleus was only formed on 1 April 1980 at Wade Wing, KEMENTAH (Malay for MINDEF;Ministry of Defense). Upon the formation, it was based twice at Sarawak and once at Peninsula, and their bases are:
 Camp Tasik Emas, Bau, Sarawak (April 1980 – October 1991)
 Syed Putra Camp, Ipoh, Perak (formerly known as Sulva Lines Camp; January 1988 – October 1991)
 Camp Oya, Sibu, Sarawak (November 1991 – July 1995)
 Muara Tuang Camp, Kuching, Sarawak (present)

In 1995, the 10th Rangers was dissolved with the 11th Rangers due to the restructuring of the Armed Forces by year 2000. However, in 2008, the 10th Rangers was reinstated and re-stationed at Sarawak. Currently, it is based at Muara Tuang Camp Complex, Kota Samarahan; its commanding officer is Lt.Colonel Jamaluddin Bin Yaacob; and PW 1 Michal anak Tulih is regimental sergeant major. Previously, it was based at Ria Camp, Kuching, shortly after the reinstatement of the 10th Rangers.

11th Rangers
Under 5th Division in the wake of 2013 Lahad Datu standoff.

Rangers in combat
6th Rangers-Ambush at Klian Intan

On 27 August 1970, troops of the 6th Battalion conducted a successful ambush of communist insurgents near Tanah Hitam, Klian Intan in Perak. They killed five Communist insurgents, including a branch committee member, and some weapons. Major Ismail Bin Salleh, commanding officer of Charlie Company, and Second Lieutenant David Fu Chee Ming, platoon commander of 8 Platoon, were awarded the Panglima Gagah Berani on 2 June 1971.

Based on information gathered by the Special Branch that 60 Communist insurgents would be infiltrating Tanah Hitam moving on to Grik, Charlie Company, with a complement of three officers and 94 other ranks, was given the mission of preparing an ambush along the infiltration route. Charlie Company split into three groups: Company Headquarters and 9th Platoon formed the centre blocking force, with 7th Platoon to their right and 8th Platoon to their left. The groups were given two days to prepare their ambush positions and lay booby traps and Claymore mines.

On 20 August, 1st Section consisting of eight personnel heard the rustling of branches and bamboo being snapped by footfalls. 1st Section immediately stood to in their bunkers. Ranger Abu Bin Mat saw an insurgent on the trail, 35 meters from section's position, a lead scout of a larger group. Ranger Abu Bin Mat and Ranger Abu Samah Bin Hj. Ibrahim, who were manning the Section's support GPMG, along with Lance Corporal Abdullah Bin Nawi held their fire and continued their wait. Moments later, another insurgent appeared on the trail, and then two more appeared.

At 3:45 pm, Lance Corporal Abdullah detonated his Claymore mine as the GPMG crew opened fire, joined by the LMG manned by Lance Corporal Karim Bin Sidek manning the left bunker. At 4:20 pm, the insurgents ceased fire, even though movement could still be heard in the trail. 1st Section opened fire to suppress the insurgents' movements. With nightfall, the communists made an attempt to retrieve their fallen comrades. Major Ismail called for close in artillery support on the trail, walking the artillery rounds close to 1st Section's position. The insurgents withdrew before morning, leaving behind their dead. Search the following morning revealed five dead insurgents.

Other accounts of rangers in combat are as follows:

* Operation Ngayau

* Contact with 10th Regiment CPM

* Ambush on the road Gubir / Nong Gajah

* Bagging 5 CT's at the Korbu Forest Reserve in Perak

* Operations Selamat Sawadee 1

* Operation Jelaku, Sadong, Sarawak

* Firefight at Sebatu Road, Bau, Sarawak

 * Attack On Enemy Camp

* Assault At Muara Tebas* An Ambush in Sungei Katibas* Operation Indera * Operation Indera IV * Ngelaban (Fighting in Iban) Platoon in Combat* A Firefight At Tanjung Kunyit* Operation Seladang* Fighting the TNI* Firefight at Tanah Hitam

* 2013 Lahad Datu standoff

References

External links

 Royal Rangers Regiment Official Website
 8 RANGER AIRBORNE webpage maintained by DR CHEN WEI SENG
 7 RANGER Website
 Ranger Album
 Ranger UCIS Album
 Ranger page maintain by Maj Mike

Malaysia Army corps and regiments
British colonial regiments
Military units and formations established in 1862
1862 establishments in Sarawak

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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£200,000 Investment to Brighten up Swansea Market
A - Home Page B - Original Content South West Wales Swansea
Rachel Jones , 23rd April 2019
A £200,000 investment is to brighten up the experience of shoppers and traders at Swansea Market.
Swansea Council has commissioned a new lighting system which will improve things for visitors, cut energy costs and make the venue easier to manage.
The work is being carried out by Llansamlet-based RDM Electrical and Mechanical Services.
Robert Francis-Davies, the council's cabinet member for investment, regeneration and tourism, said:
"This important upgrade is exciting news for shoppers and traders.
"Swansea Market is a jewel in the area's crown and it's good that it will have some extra brightness as we celebrate our 50th anniversary as a city."
Swansea Market Traders Federation chairman Chris Evans said:
"We support the plans, including the extension of the new lighting to the market entrances and to areas that have traditionally been a little darker than others.
"We're delighted that the works will be undertaken largely overnight so as to minimise disruption to stalls."
RDM Electrical and Mechanical Services director Dave Kieft said: "As a specialist local contractor we're delighted to be undertaking this work at an important location in our home city."
The upgrade work began this week (note w/c April 8) and will go continue for up to eight weeks.
The market's existing lighting infrastructure is being removed and replaced with a modern and more efficient LED scheme. This will be easier to maintain – and more cost effective.
Throughout the re-fit, the market will remain open as usual – Monday-Friday 8am-5.30pm and Saturday 7.30am-5.30pm.
Swansea Market is the largest indoor market in Wales, an award winning, historic venue that offers tourists and residents a unique experience.
More than 100 stalls sell a wide selection of fresh, local produce and traditional Welsh goods as well as gifts, jewellery and accessories, cosmetics, leather goods and more. There are cafés and coffee shops for shoppers to recharge their batteries.
Teenage Entrepreneur Has the Bug for Business with Entomology Venture
Finalists Revealed for Professional Teaching Awards
Over the past 6 years, Rachel has been working specifically within the digital marketing space and has worked with some of the country's top brands. During this time, Rachel was a key attribute to the success of our sister product, Recruitment Buzz, which has firmly established itself as one of the leading publications within the Recruitment sector. Drawing on her knowledge and experience, Rachel has developed a genuine understanding of how content can engage and compel an audience.
Having a passion for travel and culture, Rachel left her hometown of Cardiff to pursue studies and travel and after several years away, Rachel returned to Cardiff and firmly established herself within the development of Business News Wales. Rachel is now responsible for every aspect of web management, marketing and overall production of the Business News Wales brand.
Having learnt some invaluable skills within the marketing industry, Rachel is often called upon for her skills and knowledge of WordPress, HTML, email marketing software, Photoshop design and social media tools.
Wales SME Taskforce – Climate Issues Affecting SMEs in Wales
Energy & Environment, 2nd February 2023
A Third of Adults in Wales Never Speak About Mental Health
Time to Change Wales, 2nd February 2023


↑ 日本大学 - "ボーローグ博士に名誉生物資源科学博士". 2005年2月9日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。. 2008閲覧.
↑ Otsuka, Keijiro. "Poverty Reduction Issues: Village Economy Perspective." Asian Development Review, July 2001.
↑ 4.0 4.1 Otsuka, Keijiro and Frank Place. Land Tenure and Natural Resource Management: A Comparative Study of Agrarian Communities in Asia and Africa. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2001.
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↑ chapter 4a, An adventure in applied science: A history of the International Rice Research Institute, Robert F. Chandler Jr.
↑ Xu Y.L. et al. (1995) "The GA5 locus of Arabidopsis thaliana encodes a multifunctional gibberellin 20-oxidase: molecular cloning and functional expression" PNAS 92:6640-6644.
↑ Silverstone A.L. et al. (1997) "Developmental regulation of the gibberellin biosynthetic gene GA1 in Arabidopsis thaliana." Plant J. 12:9-19.
↑ Silverstone A.L., C.N.Ciampaglio, and T.Sun (1998) "The Arabidopsis RGA gene encodes a transcriptional regulator repressing the gibberellin signal transduction pathway." Plant Cell 10:155-167.
↑ Appleford N.E.J. et al. (2007) "Decreased shoot stature and grain -amylase activity following ectopic expression of a gibberellin 2-oxidase gene in transgenic wheat" JXB Advance Access published online on October 4, 2007 1-14.
↑ Otsuka, Keijiro, Fe Gascon, and Seki Asano. "'Second Generation' MVs and the Evolution of the Green Revolution: The Case of Central Luzon, 1966-90." Agricultural Economics 10 (3), May 1994, pp. 283-95.
↑ Estudillo, Jonna P and Keijiro Otsuka. "Has Green Revolution Ended? A Review of Long-Term Trends in MV Adoption, Rice Yields, and Rice Income in Central Luzon, 1966-98." Japanese Journal of Rural Economics 3, 2001, pp. 51-64.
↑ 28.0 28.1 28.2 Pingali, P.L., M. Hossain, and R.V. Gerpacio. Asian Rice Bowls: The Returning Crisis? Wallingford, UK: CAB International.
↑ 29.0 29.1 29.2 29.3 David, Cristina C. and Keijiro Otsuka. "Modern Rice Technology and Income Distribution in Asia.", Boulder, Col.: Lynne Rienner, 1994.
↑ Otsuka, Keijiro. "Role of Agricultural Research in Poverty Reduction: Lessons from Asian Experience." Food Policy 25 (4), August 2000, pp. 447-62.
↑ Binswanger, Hans P. and Jimmy Quizon. "What Can Agriculture Do for the Poorest Rural Groups?" In I. Adelman and S. Lane (eds.), The Balance between Industry and Agriculture in Economic Development. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1989.
↑ Hayami, Yujiro. Development Economics. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1997.
↑ Hayami, Yujiro and Masao Kikuchi. Asian Village Economy at the Crossroads. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press, 1982.
↑ Estudillo, Jonna P and Keijiro Otsuka., "Has Green Revolution Ended? A Review of Long-Term Trends in MV Adoption, Rice Yields, and Rice Income in Central Luzon, 1966-98.", Japanese Journal of Rural Economics 3, 2001, pp. 51-64.
↑ ルース・ドフリース『食糧と人類:飢餓を克服した大増産の文明史』小川敏子訳 日本経済新聞出版社 2016年、ISBN 9784532169817 pp.222-244.
↑ 1.0 1.1 Defining the Green Revolution - What Was the Green Revolution?
↑ Defining the Green Revolution - What Was the Green Revolution?
↑ De Datta S.K., Tauro A.C. and Balaoing S.N. (1968)"Effect of plant type and nitrogen level on growth characteristics and grain yield of indica rice in the tropics." Agron. J. 60:643-647.
↑ The Wall Street Journal - "Feeding Billions, A Grain at a Time"
↑ Oasa, Edmud K. (1987)"The Political Economy of International Agricultural Research in Glass", Bernhard, ed., The Green Revolution Revisited, pp.13–55.
↑ Brown, Lester.(1970) "Seeds of Change." New York: Praeger Publishers.
↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 Conway, Gordon.(1998) "The Doubly Green Revolution." Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
↑ Church, Norman (2005) "Why Our Food is So Dependent on Oil"
↑ Sherer, Dennis (2007) "Fuel costs, drought influence price increase", TimesDaily.
↑ Trumbull, Mark (2007) "Rising food prices curb aid to global poor"
↑ BBC - "The end of India's green revolution? "
↑ Tierney, John (2008年5月19日). "Greens and Hunger" (英語). TierneyLab - Putting Ideas in Science to the Test. The New York Times. . 2009閲覧.


For more information about Sociology and Arabic at University of Exeter, please visit the webpage using the button above.
Sociology may be studied with Arabic, Arabic Studies, History, Middle East Studies, Philosophy, Politics, or with aModern Language (French, German, Italian, Russian or Spanish). Details of the Sociology component are outlined above.


text:
Home > Politics > Politics > 201806
Election 2008 r/o
President Akufo-Addo Is Behaving Like Donald Trump - Asiedu Nketia
Comments ( 12 ) Email Print
General Secretary of the National Democratic Congress, Johnson Asiedu Nketia says President Akufo-Addo is behaving like Donald Trump, President of the United States of America.
"I have said it before and will continue to reiterate it until the government allows the Electoral Commission (EC) to carry out their independent functions and allow the political parties review the 2016 general elections ...any piece of advice you offer, they ignore it...
they behave like having a monopoly over knowledge...the President acts like Trump," he stated.
Speaking on Okay FM's Ade Akye Abia programme, Asiedu Nketia wondered why the EC has not been allowed to review the 2016 general elections.
The EC boss Mrs Charlotte Osei, and two of her deputies have been engrossed in public disagreement over how affairs are conducted at the Commission.
Both sides have accused each other of incompetence and financial impropriety.
A petition sent to the President for the dismissal of the commissioners is being considered by a committee set up by the Chief Justice, as Ghana's Constitution demands; but Asiedu Nketia believes is a deliberate ploy by the government to cover up their evil deeds.
The NDC General Secretary is however predicting a constitutional crisis for the country if the protracted tension at the Electoral Commission (EC) is not resolved immediately.
According to him, the impasse at the election management body had obstructed the undertaking of crucial decisions and actions that should have been made after the 2016 general election.
"My fear is that we will get so close to the next general election and there will be too many things yet undone, and if we are not careful, we are leading this nation into a constitutional crisis.
"We have been warned not to speak for fear of being cited for contempt. If there is anything leading to into crisis, I will prefer to talk about it and risk being cited for contempt than keeping quiet.
"This government has made them to be involved in one issue or the other and it has purposely done so to serve the interest of this government," he explained.
He indicated that US had similar issues when it comes to elections but their institutions have allowed for investigations into some alleged irregularities, "but in our case the story is different".
"The electoral commission has been crippled by this government," he noted.
"Whatever is happening at the EC must happen quickly enough so they can look forward and undertake their activities before Election 2020 because the alternatives will be a chaotic election, and Ghanaians are not ready for that. We demand that the result of the 2016 general election is gazetted," he said.
Source: Isaac Kwame Owusu/Peacefmonline.com/[email protected]
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To renovate or not renovate? That is a leading question for many Sidcup homeowners looking to put their house on the market.
If you want to work your way up the property ladder to your dream home you need to know how to maximise the value of where you live now, and that is why we have decided to reveal to you the best 10 ways to add value to your property.
Potential Value Added: Up to 30% (all values quoted are statistical assessments and not guaranteed).
Not many properties in Sidcup have basements but if you are lucky to have one transforming it into a living or storage space can boost a property's value by up to 30% – so long as the build cost per square foot is less than the price per square foot of the area.
If you have a cellar it is one of the most economical home improvements you can make, as it qualifies as a "change of use" for planning purposes and generally does not require planning permission. If you are making structural changes to a listed building, however, you will need to talk to your local planning officer.
Converting houses into flats is very popular in London, as flats are in high demand and often easier to rent to tenants. Splitting a Sidcup property into separate units could maximise rental income in the short-term and profit on sale in the long-term. It is of course advisable to do some research and ensure that flats will be wanted in the area. If three bedroom properties are not shifting but smaller flats are, conversion could be the answer.
If your garage is not being used to home a car, it makes sense to utilise the space and convert it into a living space – especially if you have other parking spaces.
Ask an agent about the buyer demographic in your area and keep that in mind when you transform the space. A family orientated location may find a study, or extra bedroom useful, whereas if it is a first-time buyer hotspot, a gym may be more desirable.
A beautiful kitchen can really sell a house, so if yours is looking a little out of date or shabby it is probably worth the expense of getting a new kitchen fitted. To appeal to the maximum number of potential buyers, opt for a neutral, contemporary style. A 'side return' extension is a very common project that can really complement your existing kitchen – if done well! Be creative with light and ceiling levels and pull in lots of natural light to make the room feel much more spacious.
Adding an extra bedroom can add up to 15% to the value of your home, especially if it is a loft conversion with an en-suite bathroom. Most lofts can be converted, but it is worth getting an architect or builder in to double check before you start planning.
Increasing your living space is a good way to add value to your property, but if you are considering a conservatory, make sure the style is in keeping with the rest of the house.
The good thing about adding a conservatory is that you will not need to obtain planning permission, so long as no more than half the area of the land of the original house is covered and your property is not a listed building.
If your property can be substantially improved or extended or you think you have a building plot, it may be a good idea to apply for any necessary planning permission before putting it on the market and sell it with the benefit of planning approval.
If you are thinking of buying a property and plan to add to its value through extensions or big home improvements, check whether planning permission is likely to be granted. Yield calculations based on a bigger square footage are worthless if you cannot get that permission.
It is really important to make the most of the space you have. Adding decking or a patio can transform a garden into an entertaining space, and when staged as an additional room, summer houses can also add to the property value.
It is also worth adding lighting and watering systems for ease of maintenance. First impressions are really important, so do ensure your house has kerb appeal by giving it a fresh lick of paint, mowing the lawn, adding a new door, a clean new path and ironmongery.
A new bathroom will certainly increase the value of your property – but it is also an expensive investment. If your current bathroom is just slightly dated rather than in very poor condition, you may not get back much more than the cost of the upgrade so it may be worthwhile just to freshen it up and install new fittings and accessories.
Open-plan spaces are very appealing, so it may pay to knock down walls that are separating the kitchen and dining room. It also makes the space feel larger and lighter, which will help the saleability of the property.


Just yesterday I switched my webserver to a hardened toolchain & kernel (4.8.17-hardened-r2). Everything else went as planned, except one thing: I'm watching the temperatures and everything else happening in the server via a remotely connected Gkrellm instance. With hardened kernel I lost the sensors and networking data from the Gkrellm, the rest was working as before.
I got the sensors data back by disabling GRKERNSEC_SYSFS_RESTRICT in kernel, but I haven't yet figured out how to get networking data back. I'm aware that this disabling of security features in the kernel is not the ideal way of doing things. Any ideas of what else I should do / should have done in this situation?
"Trust me, I know what I'm doing!"


This is your chance to get involved and make a difference! This year's Making Strides of Tucson will be on Sunday, October 21, 2018.
As you know, you can start a team with as few as 2 people, and there is no registration fee or required minimum number of donations to participate. We would love for you to join us again at our upcoming event this year! To receive your team leader kit just contact Makenzie Cochran at makenzie.cochran@cancer.org or feel free to give her a call at (866) 227-9474. In the meantime, below is the event information for Making Strides of Tucson.
The progress we have made in the fight against breast cancer is remarkable, but we need your help to make the greatest impact to save even more lives. Watch this video to learn more about the Making Strides Against Breast Cancer program, and visit our event website to sign up today! If you need assistance in registering on the event website, please refer to this resource that will help walk you through the online registration process.


Long Beach students and members of Californians for Justice delivered testimonials and staged a "silent protest" during the Long Beach Unified School Board meeting at the district headquarters on Tuesday.
They asked the school board to consider more high-need student involvement in allocating funds outlined in the Local Control Funding Formula.
The LCFF enables a group of faculty, parents and students to determine how a portion of school funds will be spent. The aim of the formula is to ensure that student needs drive the allocation of resources.
Only two of the nine students on the LBUSD 60-person LCFF committee are high-need students, according to Vargas.
Californians for Justice is a statewide organization of high school students who work toward racial and educational justice for low-income youth. For more information visit caljustice.org.


text:
Lamps calls for Terry second chance
There will be fingers crossed at Stamford Bridge this week that the FA see things the same way Frank Lampard does.
My London
Updated 16:01, 1 OCT 2013
Namely, that John Terry's dismissal during Chelsea's win over Manchester City on Saturday will be overturned and the Blues defender will be able to resume his place for the clash with City's rivals, Manchester United, on Sunday.
In a west London world of something-to-one wins this weekend, Chelsea came from a goal down to win 3-1 but Lampard hopes his mate Terry can also make it a Manchester double next weekend.
He said: "Hopefully they'll look at it again and make it a yellow. It's not a red when there's two men behind the ball. If not, we could miss him for three games. It's just a block-off challenge."


text:
Baptism: Becoming a Christian
The Baptism of Adults
The Baptism of Infants
The Effects of Baptism
The Liturgy of Baptism
Confirmation: The Sacrament of the Holy Spirit
The Liturgy of Confirmation
The Liturgy of the Eucharist
Guidelines for the Reception of Communion
The Reception of Holy Communion at Mass
The Real Presence Of Christ: Basic Q and A
The Importance of the Sacrament for the Community
The Sacrament of Reconciliation
Examinations of Conscience
For Single People
For Married People
Based on the Ten Commandments
Sacraments of Service and Communion
The Effects of the Sacrament
Who May Be Ordained?
God is the Author of Marriage
Covenant and Liturgical Act
The Celebration of Marriage
The Purposes of Marriage
The signs, symbols, ritual acts, and words of the liturgy speak to us of the meaning of a Sacrament and of what Christ enacts in the event through his ministers and the disposition of the candidate. With this in mind, we reflect on the following elements of Confirmation: the anointing with sacred Chrism, the recipient, the essential rite, the ministers, and the effects of the Sacrament.
THE ANOINTING WITH SACRED CHRISM
The post-baptismal anointing with sacred chrism in Confirmation…is the sign of consecration…those who are anointed, share more completely in the mission of Jesus Christ.
CCC, no. 1294
In or near Holy Week, the bishop consecrates the sacred Chrism during the course of the Chrism Mass. It is used to anoint the newly baptized, to confer the Sacrament of Confirmation, and to anoint bishops and priests during the celebration of the Sacrament of Holy Orders.
Anointing with oil has many meanings such as cleansing as part of a bath, limbering up the muscles of athletes, and healing the wounds of the sick. Two other sacramental celebrations make use of blessed oil: "The pre-baptismal anointing with the oil of catechumens signifies cleansing and strengthening; the anointing of the sick expresses healing and comfort" (CCC, no. 1294). The Oil of Catechumens is used in Baptism. The Oil of the Sick is used for the Sacrament of the Anointing of the Sick.
THE RECIPIENT OF CONFIRMATION
Each baptized person not yet confirmed can and should receive the Sacrament of Confirmation. In the Latin Church, it is customary to con- firm candidates between the age of discretion, also called the age of rea- son, and about sixteen years of age. It is not uncommon that Catholics not confirmed during this period of their lives for a variety of reasons are confirmed as adults, often on Pentecost Sunday. The candidate should be in the state of grace (that is, without serious sin), be well prepared by prayer and catechesis, and be committed to the responsibilities entailed by the Sacrament.
THE ESSENTIAL RITE OF CONFIRMATION
In continuity with the New Testament custom of laying hands on those who would receive the gift of the Spirit, the bishop extends his two hands over all those to be confirmed. He recites a prayer that begs the Father of our Lord Jesus Christ for the outpouring of the Holy Spirit and for the seven gifts traditionally associated with the Spirit. These gifts are permanent dispositions that move us to respond to the guidance of the Spirit. The traditional list of the gifts is based on Isaiah 11:1-3: wisdom, understanding, knowledge, counsel, fortitude, piety (reverence), and fear of the Lord (wonder and awe in God's presence).
The essential rite then follows. In the Latin Rite, "the Sacrament of Confirmation is conferred through the anointing with Chrism on the forehead, which is done by the laying on of hands, and through the words, 'Be sealed with the gift of the Holy Spirit'" (Introduction to the Rite of Confirmation , no. 9). In the Eastern Churches, after a prayer for the presence and action of the Holy Spirit, the priest anoints the forehead, eyes, nose, ears, lips, chest, back, hands, and feet of the candidate with Myron (holy oil). With each anointing he says, "The seal of the gift of the Holy Spirit." The Eastern Churches call Confirmation "Chrismation."
When Confirmation is celebrated separately from Baptism, its connection with Baptism is expressed, among other ways, by the renewal of baptismal promises. The celebration of Confirmation during the Eucharist helps underline the unity of the sacraments of Christian initiation.
The connection between Confirmation and Baptism is also reflected in the choosing of a name by which the candidate will be confirmed, especially when the chosen name is one of the names by which the candidate was baptized.
THE MINISTER OF CONFIRMATION
In the early Church, sacramental initiation always involved the bishop; the bishop was the ordinary minister of both Baptism and Confirmation. However, pastoral practice changed as the Church expanded rapidly. When bishops could no longer be present at all celebrations of Baptism, they chose to retain a role in the process of initiation by continuing to be the ordinary minister of Confirmation.
In the Latin Church, with the bishop as the minister of Confirmation, it is evident how this Sacrament can serve to strengthen the person's bond with the Church and her apostolic origins. However, there are also times when the bishop entrusts the celebration of the rite of Confirmation to a priest, such as in the case of the Baptism of an adult or the reception of an adult from another Christian community into full communion with the Church. Bishops may also give this permission in other cases.
In the Eastern Churches, Confirmation is conferred by a priest at the time of Baptism, and in some of these Churches, it is followed by the reception of the Eucharist. This practice underlines the unity of the three Sacraments of Initiation. The priest confirms with the Myron or oil consecrated by the bishop. This expresses the apostolic unity of the Church.


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Encyclopedia > Martin B-10
Martin B-10
The Martin B-10 was the first all-metal monoplane bomber to go into regular use by the US Army, entering service in June 1934. It was also the first bomber whose performance was superior to that of the Army's fighter[?] aircraft of the time.
The B-12 and B-14 were later versions, with successively more powerful engines.
Martin B-10B in flight
Larger version
The B-10 started out as the Martin Model 123, a private venture by the Glenn L. Martin Company of Baltimore, Maryland. It had a deep belly with an internal bomb bay[?], retractable main landing gear[?], two 600 hp engines, and carried four crew, two of them gunners[?], one in the nose and one in mid-fuselage. The Model 123 first flew on February 16, 1932, and was delivered to the Army for testing on March 20. In July trials, the aircraft recorded a speed of 197 mph (317 km/h) at 6,000 ft (1830 m), a remarkable performance for 1932.
A number of changes were made, including reduction to a three-man crew, addition of canopies for all crew positions (the cockpits were formerly open), and an upgrade to 675 hp engines. The Army ordered 48 of these on January 17, 1933.
The first 14 aircraft were designated YB-10 and delivered to Wright Field[?] starting in November 1933. A couple additional aircraft were experimental variations, while 32 received 775 hp Pratt & Whitney engines, and according to the practice of the time, received a new number B-12A.
In 1935 the Army ordered an additional 103 aircraft designated B-10B with minor changes from the YB-10, and started receiving those in July 1935. B-10Bs served with the 2nd Bomb Group[?] at Langley Field[?], the 9th Bomb Group[?] at Mitchell Field[?], the 19th Bomb Group[?] at March Field[?], the 6th Bomb Group[?] in the Panama Canal Zone[?], and the 28th Bomb Group[?] in the Philippines.
The rapid advances in bomber developers in the 1930s meant that the B-10 was superseded by the B-17 and B-18[?] before the US entered World War II.
Once the Army's orders had been filled, in 1936, Martin received permission to export B-10s, and delivered versions to the air forces of Argentina, China, Netherlands, Thailand, Soviet Union (just one, for evaluation), and Turkey. The B-10's obsolescence was proved by the quick defeat of Dutch B-10B squadrons at the hands of Japanese Zeros during the invasion of the Dutch East Indies in 1942.
One of the Argentine B-10s was returned to the US in 1976, refurbished, and is now on display in the Air Force Museum[?] at Wright-Patterson AFB in Ohio. It is likely the sole surviving B-10 in the world.
Type: three-seat medium bomber
Wingspan: 70.5 ft (21.5 m)
Length: 44.75 ft (13.64 m)
Height: 15.5 ft (4.7 m)
Speed: 213 mph (343 km/h)
Weapons: three 7.62 mm machine guns in nose, rear, and ventral turrets, plus up to 2,260 lbs (1,025 kg) of bombs
... issues that arose in the final installment. Consequently, the novel's first complete appearance was in book form. Related Topics Madame Bovary Molly Bloom's ...


text:
Kayne AKA The God Prophesied His Meteoric Rise
It all started with a meeting in Chicago where Kayne met with his cousin and they put together a roadmap to seriously consider a career in the music industry. This idea culminated in the form of a music label bringing the world 's2 ENT.' Still grinding and hustling for the next 5-years, Kayne recalls, " It really wasn't until 2009 that I got about 10,000 copies of my first mixtape(which was free), that it really felt like success was a real possibility.
Before taking the leap of faith, Kayne recalled much self-doubt and fear. Most of the doubt was created from others and he had no support from the people that were close to him. Kayne's family immigrated to America, where they went on to establish careers in education as professors within universities. When Kayne mentioned pursuing a career in music, his parents were shocked, as they encouraged him to pursue a more traditional career path.
In order to quiet his critics and secure the support of his family, Kayne devised a plot to establish his credibility, gain the attention of those who surround him, and make some money along the way. One of the ways he began to establish attention was through his creative wordplay as a hiphop artist. As Kayne remembers, " I try to make my songs as vivid as possible. Plus I'm trying to bring lyricism back to the forefront!" Another thing that separates him from the pack, is that his voice is versatile to sing, rap and cross between both genres so seamlessly, while not downgrading his performance. Kayne joked during our interview, " Anyone on a record with me knows they have to put the pen to the pad."
It is without any doubt in his mind that he aspires to be the best in the world, flat out, period. He described how he has visualized himself standing on stage in front of a 2 million audience, chanting, "Kayne, Kayne, Kayne." He went on to say, "This is my prophecy, which will come to pass." I have seen it and he knows that adoring fans will buy tickets knowing that they may get a combination of Rap, R&B, or whatever, but they will know it will be fire."
With over 40,000 monthly listeners on Spotify, Kaynes started to light up the charts, with "I AM SOUTH," pushing past 100k of streams so far. We look forward to new and upcoming projects from this artist.
https://open.spotify.com/artist/4pZaqhlbhnKWTzG0GRAn7g?si=zyqtitmeQlWFXvQCxlQzQg ( Embed into article)
Find Out Why Rawinked Should Be On Your Radar
Passionate Artist Mike Vallejo Makes a Dent in the Hip-hop Industry by Excellence Music and Versatility


I blogged about this lovely accent pillow a few weeks ago after a trip to the Vegas Market and everyone seemed to fall in love with it (including me)! Due to the overwhelming response of comments and emails, we've added it to our shop for you to purchase now. Please note that it will not be available for shipping until late March / early April, but judging by the positive response, this is going to be one HOT seller. Pre-order yours by today or tomorrow and save 10% off*! Use discount code Peacock10 upon checkout to redeem. (*offer only valid on the Peacock Print Pillow and may not be combined with any other offer. Valid through Sunday, 2/20/11).
Love that pillow! great addition!
Congratulations on this latest addition, Julie...the peacock feather print is just too realistic...at first glance I thought it was the real thing!!
ADORABLE. i love a peacock feather.
Peocock pillow looks so sweet,These are really a eye catching post ..wanna have couple of those stuffs in my bedroom coz its so romantic!!! http://www.vivamagonline.com the peacock feather print gives a beautifull sight!!!


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Jignesh Steel carries a variety of 304H Stainless Steel Nuts from Carbon Steel, Stainless Steel and High Nickel Alloy -F467 NiCu 400 (Monel) and commercial 18-8/304, 316 Stainless Steel. We supply 304H Stainless Steel Nuts at great price.
Stainless Seamless Steel Pipe, Seamle Stainless Steel Pipe, Stainless Steel Pipe manufacturer / supplier in China, offering ASTM 201 202 304 316L 310S 2205 Polished Seamless Stainless Steel Pipe, Pre Galvanized Steel Pipe for Scaffolding and Construction, API 5CT 30 Inch Casing Pipe Specification for Oil and Gas and so on.
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real nice. Ive had my eyes on the new s4 for a while now.
Go for it man! There are a lot of '13s coming off of short-term leases with low miles, with great CPO deals to save a little cash. If not, the next gen is preparing for launch in about a year, so you can get a better deal on a new '14 as well.
Last edited by RAZER; 03-10-2014 at 02:05 PM..
are your headlights halogen? if so you should def do a retrofit. you could fit some s2k, rx330,350, mini h1, ls460-r in those bi*ches. def look into into it. i retrofitted my headlights with some s2k projectors, Osram cbi bulbs and denso ballasts. GLORIOUS.
nice. i had a 2010 a couple years ago. hence my screen name.
@ retrofit cost a lot of money mang. Im fine with my kit. works perfectly the new honda has like a built in cut off point where my HID don't blind ppl.
Last edited by RAZER; 03-24-2014 at 10:05 PM..
they aren't as expensive as you may think. you can buy above avg bi-xenon projectors for around $100. if you like to work/know how to open your lights then that is pretty much all you are doing. i got S2K projectors which are top of the line single xenon projectors. i opened up my headlights my self and put them in. total was $250 for everything.
it is night and day from when i had my stock halogen projectors, to true xenon projectors. in the future i would def say to look into it.
here is the absolute best place for everything HID.
those look nicccce. any other specs on them?
Located in Queens, LIC. They are LEGIT!!
why didn't you go with the fr-s?
y the brz? aren't they the same?
pretty much the same, But that BRz blue is s*x in person.
I still don't get it...they look exactly the same!
Last edited by RAZER; 05-07-2014 at 12:04 AM..


The first trailer for the third instalment in Marvel's Thor series, Thor: Ragnarok, dropped on Monday, garnering the highest ever view count for a Disney trailer in 24 hours.
The trailer which shows the first glimpse at the clash between Thor and Hulk, generated over 136 million views in the 24-hour period, sailing past Disney's previous record-holder, Beauty and the Beast, which generated 127.6 million.
The trailer was praised for its lighthearted tone, which displayed clear influences from Marvel's other property Guardians of the Galaxy.
You can view the trailer for Thor Ragnarok below.


The video introduces you to a powerful feature of Compliance on Cisco Prime Infrastructure 3.1. We will show you how to keep you device configuration within your compliance policies by detecting and removing unauthorized changes, and replacing with desired configuration. We will begin with a very simple 'enable password' check and progress to analyzing sections of configuration with regular expression.


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Q: Split string with for loop and sed in bash shell I have following string in a variable:
-rw-r--r-- 0 1068 1001 4870 Dec 6 11:58 1.zip -rw-r--r-- 0 1068 1001 20246 Dec 6 11:59 10.zip
I'm trying to loop over this string with a for loop and get the following result:
Dec 6 11:58 1.zip
Dec 6 11:59 10.zip

Does anyone have the proper sed command to do this?

So let me make my question a little more clear. I do an sftp command with -b file and in there I do an ls -l *.zip. The result of this goes into a file. At first, I used a sed command to clear the first 2 lines since these are irrelevant information for me. I now only have the ls results, but they are on one line. In my example, there were just 2 zip files but there can be a lot more.
 ListOfFiles=$(sed '1,2d' $LstFile) #delete first 2 lines
    for line in $ListOfFiles
    do
        $line=$(echo "${line}" | sed (here i want the command to ony print zip file and date)
    done

A: Notes on the revised scenario
The question has been modified to include a shell fragment:

ListOfFiles=$(sed '1,2d' $LstFile) #delete first 2 lines
for line in $ListOfFiles
do
    $line=$(echo "${line}" | sed # I want to print only file name and date
done

Saving the results into a variable, as in the first line, is simply the wrong way to deal with it.  You can use a simple adaptation of the code in my original answer (below) to achieve your requirement simply — very simply using awk, but it is possible using sed with a simple adaptation of the original code, if you're hung up on using sed.
awk variant
awk 'NR <= 2 { next } { print $6, $7, $8, $9 }' $LstFile

The NR <= 2 { next } portion skips the first two lines; the rest is unchanged, except that the data source is the list file you downloaded.
sed variant
sed -nE -e '1,2d' -e 's/^([^ ]+[ ]+){5}([^ ]+([ ]+[^ ]+){3})$/\2/p' $LstFile

In practice, the 1,2d command is unlikely to be necessary, but it is safer to use it, just in case one of the first two lines has 9 fields.  (Yes, I could avoid using the -e option twice — no, I prefer to have separate commands in separate options; it makes it easier to read IMO.)
An answer for the original question
If you treat this as an exercise in string manipulation (disregarding legitimate caveats about trying to parse the output from ls reliably), then you don't need sed.  In fact, sed is almost definitely the wrong tool for the job — awk would be a better choice — but the shell alone could be used.  For example, assuming the data is in the string $variable, you could use:
set -- $variable
echo  $6  $7  $8  $9
echo $15 $16 $17 $18

This gives you 18 positional parameters and prints the 8 you're interested in.  Using awk, you might use:
echo $variable | awk '{ print $6, $7, $8, $9; print $15, $16, $17, $18 }'

Both these automatically split a string at spaces and allow you to reference the split elements with numbers.  Using sed, you don't get that automatic splitting, which makes the job extremely cumbersome.
Suppose the variable actually holds two lines, so:
echo "$variable"

reports:
-rw-r--r-- 0 1068 1001  4870 Dec 6 11:58 1.zip
-rw-r--r-- 0 1068 1001 20246 Dec 6 11:59 10.zip

The code above assumed that the contents of $variable was a single line (though it would work unchanged if the variable contained two lines), but the code below assumes that it contains two lines.  In fact, the code below would work if $variable contained many lines, whereas the set and awk versions are tied to '18 fields in the input'.
Assuming that the -E option to sed enables extended regular expressions, then you could use:
variable="-rw-r--r-- 0 1068 1001  4870 Dec 6 11:58 1.zip
-rw-r--r-- 0 1068 1001 20246 Dec 6 11:59 10.zip"
echo "$variable" |
sed -nE 's/^([^[:space:]]+[[:space:]]+){5}([^[:space:]]+([[:space:]]+[^[:space:]]+){3})$/\2/p'

That looks for a sequence of not white space characters followed by a sequence of white space characters, repeated 5 times, followed by a sequence of not white space characters and 3 sets of a sequence of white space followed by a sequence of not white space.  The grouping parentheses — thus picking out fields 1-5 into \1 (which is ignored), and fields 6-9 into \2 (which is preserved), and then prints the result.  If you decide you can assume no tabs etc, you can simplify the sed command to:
echo "$variable" | sed -nE 's/^([^ ]+[ ]+){5}([^ ]+([ ]+[^ ]+){3})$/\2/p'

Both of those produce the output:
Dec 6 11:58 1.zip
Dec 6 11:59 10.zip

Dealing with the single line variant of the input is excruciating — sufficiently so that I'm not going to show it.
Note that with the two-line value in $variable, the awk version could become:
echo "$variable" | awk '{ print $6, $7, $8, $9 }'

This will also handle an arbitrary number of lines.
Note how it is crucial to understand the difference between echo $variable and echo "$variable". The first treats all white space sequences as equivalent to a single blank but the other preserves the internal spacing.  And capturing output such as with:
variable=$(ls -l 1*.zip)

preserves the spacing (especially the newline) in the assignment (see Capturing multiple line output into a Bash variable).  Thus there's a moderate chance that the sed shown would work for you, but it isn't certain because you didn't answer clarifications sought before this answer was posted.

A: as others said you shouldn't really be parsing ls output.. Otherwise a dummy way to do it using awk to print out the columns you're interested in :
awk '{print $6, $7, $8, $9 "\n" $15, $16, $17, $18}' <<< $your_variable

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Eleanor Rhode
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