In accordance with the Conduct of Employment Agencies and Employment Business Regulations 2003 (as detailed in Statutory Instrument 2003 No. 3319) SpeakOut Celebrities & Presenters Ltd and Celebrity Entertainment Ltd, require that all prospective clients and artists read and agree to our Terms of Business as detailed below. For a printed copy of these Terms of Business please contact SpeakOut via phone on 0131 440 9226 or via the enquiry form on this web site.
SpeakOut Celebrities & Presenters Ltd and Celebrity Entertainment Ltd. also known as SpeakOut shall be referred to at all times within these Terms of Business as SpeakOut. No servant or agent of SpeakOut has the power to vary these Terms of Business. The Client as referred to in these Terms of Business, is any person, company or group looking to use the services of SpeakOut. The Artist as referred to in these Terms of Business, is any person, act, service, management or group offering services which they wish to be represented by SpeakOut. SpeakOut acts as agents for Artist's services, not as Principle.
1. SpeakOut trade at all times as an Employment Business.
2. SpeakOut are members of the Agents' Association (Great Britain).
4. Clients may enter into a written Contract with SpeakOut and such Contracts will reflect a prior binding verbal Contract made between SpeakOut and the Client. Failure to return a written Contract will not constitute a cancellation.
5. All Contracts issued by SpeakOut are subject to these Terms of Business.
6. Circumstances, such as accident, illness or other events beyond SpeakOut's control, may require that an Artist be replaced with a substitute Artist of similar Fee or quality without notice or compensation.
7. SpeakOut's financial terms will be as verbally agreed and will be detailed on the Contract.
8. Fees paid to SpeakOut are subject to VAT at the current rate. Fees paid to Artists may be subject to VAT at the current rate but only if the Artist is registered for VAT with HM Customs & Excise. A VAT invoice from the Artist will be required.
9. All Clients and Artists agree that they will not (under any circumstances) pass on their direct contact details to anyone involved in the engagement, as referred to in the Contract without the prior written consent of TMC.
10. The Client agrees to provide a suitable and safe performing area and as required, suitable changing facilities for the Artist. The Client must also ensure that where electrical equipment is to be used as part of the Artists performance, the electrical supply must meet or exceed British Standards.
11. The Artist will be responsible for their own Public Liability insurance and will produce on demand, any relevant equipment safety and insurance documentation i.e. PAT and PL certificates etc.
In order for SpeakOut Celebrities & Presenters Ltd and Celebrity Entertainment Ltd to introduce, negotiate and secure Engagements for Artists as appropriate to their talent, capabilities and qualifications, Artists are required to read and accept the following Terms of Business.
Statutory Instrument 2003 No. 3319).
1. You will provide your services to us and we will contract directly with any hirer for the provision of your services.
2. These terms of business together with any specific terms we agree in relation to each such Engagement will be the terms upon which you supply your services to us. The specific terms we agree for each Engagement will, in these terms of business, be called Terms.
3. When the Terms have been negotiated and accepted by you and us, you will be under an obligation to perform at that Engagement in accordance with the Terms and to provide your services, through us, to the hirer. We will provide you with written confirmation of the Terms for each Engagement you have agreed to undertake. When agreed by you and us the Terms will be incorporated into these terms of business for the purpose of that Engagement.
4. You will undertake and perform at each Engagement to the best of your ability. In undertaking any Engagement you will comply with the reasonable instructions of both us and the hirer.
5. We will agree the fee we pay you for that Engagement as part of the Terms (Fee). Unless we agree otherwise in writing, we will pay you the Fee within 30 days of the date of the Engagement, and any applicable VAT following receipt of an invoice from you, less any monies properly due to us. You acknowledge that we will be paid by the hirer directly for the provision of your services and you agree to pay to us any money paid by or on behalf of the hirer directly to you or to any person or entity on your behalf in relation to the Engagement. We will from time to time agree a minimum level of Fee you will be prepared to accept for any Engagement and we will not, except in exceptional circumstances, refer to you any Engagement where the Fee is less than the minimum agreed.
6. The Fee is exclusive of VAT. We will pay any VAT properly payable on the Fee upon receipt from you of a valid VAT invoice on or before the date on which we would pay the Fee. You acknowledge that we will withhold from the Fee any sums we are required by law to withhold or deduct and pay such withholding or deduction to the relevant authority. In such a case, we will provide you with relevant documents evidencing the withholding or deduction.
7. This is a contract for services and not a contract of service (i.e. this is not an employment contract) and it is not intended to form the basis of an employer/employee relationship between you and us. Accordingly, you are not entitled to any holiday or holiday pay in relation to the provision of your services or your undertaking of any Engagement. If we are required by law or in any agreement with any union or other body to pay you holiday pay, the Fee will be deemed to include such holiday pay. You are responsible for the payment of any tax (whether PAYE or otherwise), national insurance or other payments on the Fee.
8. We will pay you the Fee whether or not we receive payment from the hirer. However, if you do not attend any Engagement for whatever reason (except only where your failure to attend and perform at an Engagement is our fault) you will not be paid the Fee for that Engagement.
9. If you do not honour any Engagement and your failure to honour such Engagement causes us to lose revenue, you will be required to make good such loss, except where your failure to perform is caused by reason of illness or by "Force Majeure" (e.g. national mourning, war, fire, strike or lockout directly affecting the venue or by order of any licensing or public authority having jurisdiction). In the case of illness you will be expected to provide us with a medical certificate within seven days.
c. where the hirer cancels the Engagement less than 1 month prior to the date of the Engagement, the Fee less any savings (including but not limited to travel costs) you have made by not attending the Engagement.
11. Any payment made to you by us prior to the Engagement shall be at our discretion and be deemed to be in the form of a loan, repayable immediately on demand, at our sole discretion. You hereby give us permission to reimburse ourselves for any such loan(s) from any Fee we are to pay to you at any time. In the event that you do not perform at any Engagement, you will repay to us such loan(s) within 7 days of the date that the Engagement was due to take place.
12. We will keep details of contracts, confirmations and/or letters of agreement for work for which we supply you for 1 year after the completion of the relevant Engagement. Such records may be in written or electronic form.
13. You consent to us processing both the personal information you provide us with and the information we obtain during our appointment. We will be required (and you agree that we may) provide some or all of the personal information that you provide to us to each potential hirer. Aside from this, we will keep the personal information you provide us on file and will use it only as necessary to secure work for you. We will not otherwise divulge such information to third parties without your express consent except where we are required to make any such disclosure to your professional body, required to make any such disclosure by law or as otherwise set out in these terms of business.
14. You must be aware that if we receive any information about you that indicates that you are unsuitable for any Engagement, we are under a legal obligation to notify the hirer on the same day as discovery, or at the latest the next business day and either terminate the supply of your services to the hirer or to investigate the information we receive. You will on request provide us with such information and documents we require to enable us to properly investigate such information. Following the investigation we may still be required to terminate the supply of your services to the hirer. You will not be paid any Fee for such Engagement.
15. Please note that in seeking suitable work for you, we may offer your services to other agencies and, where appropriate, will authorise such agencies to collect any fees payable in relation to any Engagement and pay it to us. You agree that we may "sub-contract" our services to other agencies and we will endeavour to ensure that the second agency is 'suitable' (as defined by the Regulations). We may provide such second agency with such of your personal details as are required to secure the work in question.
16. Please note that in seeking suitable work for you we will endeavour to ensure that the hirer is 'suitable' (as defined by the Regulations).
17. We will use our reasonable endeavours to obtain, and make you aware of, any relevant information and/or issues relating to health and safety and any legal requirements you must comply with in any Engagements we supply you for. You, in turn, undertake to keep us fully informed of any aspects of, or changes to, your act or presentation which may have health and safety (or other risk) implications of which we should inform potential hirers.
18. It is your responsibility to ensure that your equipment (where applicable) is maintained in a safe condition, particularly electrical equipment which should be PAT (Portable Appliance Testing) certified. It is also your responsibility to arrange and keep current the appropriate music licence(s) if you are either playing records or are using music copied to other media for public performances.
19. It is your responsibility to arrange, and keep current, suitable Public Liability insurance. We recommend that this cover should be in the sum of not less than £5,000,000.
20. If we negotiate an Engagement for you and we subsequently discover your services will be supplied for that Engagement as a result of a previously engaged artiste taking part in an official strike or official industrial action at the same Engagement, we are required by law to cancel the supply of your services for that Engagement. In such a case we will not pay you the Fee.
21. Our appointment under these terms of business is non-exclusive and you will be entitled to appoint other agents on your behalf. We do not give you any guarantees as to the level of work or number of Engagements that we will introduce to you. You can terminate our appointment by giving us no less than 30 days notice in writing of your intention to do so. We can terminate our appointment by giving you no less than 30 days notice of our intention to stop acting for you. You will not be entitled to terminate these terms of business (or the relevant Terms) in relation to any Engagement for which you have agreed to provide your services.
In the event that we have between us, already in existence, and/or later agree, any sort of exclusive, and/or sole representation and/or management agreement which contains different terms of obligation and/or of notice or termination from those detailed in the preceding paragraph then the preceding paragraph shall not and/or shall no longer apply and, specifically, the 30 day notice detailed shall not apply.
request, provide us with such additional information as we require to ensure that you are suitable for that position.
23. If any Engagement requires that you work away from home, we must ensure that you and/or the hirer have arranged suitable travel arrangements. To that end you will provide us with such information as we require in relation to those arrangements.
NB You have the right to disagree with the following clause (24) and have the right (if you do not want to grant us this particular permission) to delete the clause from our contract before signing and returning, However, if rejecting the clause you MUST delete it AND sign and return the copy of The Contract along with the Terms of Business.
24. We are a member of The Agents' Association (Great Britain) and reserve the right to advise fellow members of that Association (via the Council of The Agents' Association) if you fail to comply with these terms of business. Such disclosures, their content and the form they are in, will be at the discretion of The Agents' Association.
25. If any provision of this agreement should be held invalid it shall to that extent be severed and the remaining provisions shall continue to have full force and effect.
26. All contracts and agreements shall be construed in accordance with the laws of Scotland and shall be subject to the exclusive jurisdiction of the Scottish Courts.
All data provided by the Artist is controlled and protected by SpeakOut Celebrities & Presenters Ltd, a company registered in Scotland Reg. No. 372255. Data stored on the Artist will be kept for as long as it is believed to be accurate and up to date. The categories of personal data are the Artist's name and/or stage name, title, work preferences and personal email addresses, company name, work and/or home address and work, mobile and home telephone number. We will remind the Artist periodically of their rights regarding their data, and will update preferences to reflect the Artists changing wishes. At any time, the Artist may object to their data being used by SpeakOut Celebrities & Presenters Ltd and can request the erasure of all data held. The Artist has the right not to be subject to automated decision-making, including profiling.
SpeakOut Celebrities & Presenters Ltd use this data to contact the Artist with offers of employment by email on the legal basis of consent, and by post or telephone on the legal basis of legitimate interest to create a commercial benefit by licensing our data to or through the Artist. This data will not be transferred to others without the Artist's written consent and will not be transferred or stored outside the UK. The Artist has the right to rectify inaccuracies in the data, to request restriction of processing through suppression from supplied data, to object to processing, to request an electronic copy of the data we hold on them and to request erasure.


Ice cream and bulb family Funny desktop wallpaper, Ice Cream wallpaper, Lightbulb wallpaper, Bulb wallpaper, Family wallpaper, Funny wallpaper - Funny no. 16877. Download this Ice cream and bulb family Ice Cream Lightbulb Bulb Family desktop wallpaper in multiple resolutions for free.


text:
The Prophet of Unintended Consequences
Jay Forrester's computer models show the nonlinear roots of calamity and reveal the leverage that can help us avoid it.
by Lawrence M. Fisher
Photographs by Steve Edson
A visitor traveling from Boston to Jay Forrester's home in the Concord woods must drive by Walden Pond, where the most influential iconoclast of American literature spent an insightful couple of years. Jay Forrester, the Germeshausen Professor Emeritus of Management at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology's Sloan School of Management, also has a reputation as an influential and controversial iconoclast, at least in management and public policy circles. But whereas Henry David Thoreau famously urged humankind to live a life of simplicity, Jay Forrester has spent the past 40 years trying to help people live more effectively amid complexity.
Professor Forrester, who turned 87 this year, is the father of a field of research and analysis called system dynamics — a methodology that uses computer-based models to simulate and study the interplay of growth and equilibrium over time. Absorbing the implications of these models in ways that Professor Forrester prescribes can allow mere mortals to comprehend the obscure nature of (and counterintuitive solutions to) such knotty problems as environmental damage, the boom-and-bust pattern of economic cycles, supply chain malfunctions, and the pernicious side effects of well-intended policies everywhere.
These problems, says Professor Forrester, are all manifestations of the underlying nature of complex systems, from living cells to organisms to organizations and corporations to nations to the world at large. For example, there is generally a principle at work called compensating feedback: When someone tries to change one part of a system, it pushes back in uncanny ways, first subtly and then ferociously, to maintain its own implicit goals. Dieters know this well; a person's body will seek to maintain its current weight, producing cravings for fattening food. Similarly, a corporate reorganization, however well designed, tends to provoke resistance as employees circumvent the new hierarchy to hang on to their old ways. To Professor Forrester, these kinds of discomfiting phenomena are innate qualities of systems, and they routinely occur when people try to instill beneficial change. If you're attempting to shift a complex system, such as a company, and you haven't become aware of resistance or other unintended consequences, then the problems are probably building under the surface and simply haven't burst forth yet.
Professor Forrester's understanding of complex systems derives in part from years designing servomechanisms — the automatic control devices that inspired the field of cybernetics in the mid-20th century — for the U.S. Navy. In his pioneering computer simulations, Professor Forrester modeled the slow-to-emerge "tipping points" (as writer Malcolm Gladwell would later call them) that make systems difficult to manage, yet can also provide hidden leverage points for effective intervention. Modeling this kind of growth and resistance requires nonlinear calculus — a form of math so intricate that even the most gifted and highly trained mathematicians are incapable of solving nonlinear equations in their heads.
Thus one of the most controversial aspects of Professor Forrester's work is also his core premise. He argues that most social organizations, from corporations to cities, represent a far higher level of complexity and abstraction than most people can grasp on their own. And yet corporate and government leaders of all sorts persist in making decisions based on their own "mental models" — Professor Forrester's term for the instinctive theories that most people have about the way the world works. These decisions, no matter how well intentioned or intuitively comforting, are decidedly inferior, he says, to policies and strategies based on computer models of "system dynamics" — the interplay of complex, interrelated forces over time. As a result, Professor Forrester argues, most of the pressing problems facing humanity today will elude solution until a new generation, familiar with computer models, enters leadership roles.
"The older the person is, the more the tendency to inquire has been driven out," Professor Forrester says. "It is much easier to bring system dynamics in at the grade-school level than it is at the graduate school, because there is much less to unlearn."
Professor Forrester suffers repeatedly from one unintended consequence of his own work: its habit of provoking infuriated responses from liberals (for his criticisms of urban planning in the 1960s) and conservatives (for his predictions of global environmental crisis and collapse). If he was at first surprised by the clamor his works incited, over time this otherwise extremely shy, private person came to enjoy playing the provocateur. Meanwhile, Professor Forrester's influence, particularly in business circles, is broader than his modest name recognition might suggest. Several of his former students have written bestsellers based on his work — including Peter Senge, author of The Fifth Discipline (Doubleday, 1990), which posited a new kind of "learning" organization, and Dennis and Donella Meadows, Jørgen Randers, and William Behrens III, who wrote The Limits to Growth (Potomac Associates, 1972), which became the urtext of the global sustainability movement. Former Royal Dutch/Shell group planning coordinator Arie de Geus, market wizard Ed Seykota (inventor of the first commercialized computer trading system), and Will Wright, inventor of the computer game "Sim City," have all named Professor Forrester as a key influence. Peter Drucker tagged him long ago, in the 1975 book Innovation and Entrepreneurship, as the most "serious and knowledgeable prophet" of long-wave trends. The principles of system dynamics have been incorporated into scenario planning, wargaming, "lean production," and supply chain management. More than a dozen universities, most prominently MIT, have business school departments devoted to the field. Project-based learning, now a popular method in elementary school education, derives directly from extensive efforts over the past 15 years by Professor Forrester and others to extend system dynamics concepts to the K–12 classroom.
"System dynamics is not biased toward any political ideology," says John D. Sterman, a former Forrester student and professor of management at MIT's Sloan School. "Some people apply it to help companies grow faster; others use it to promote a sustainable world in which corporations would have a lesser role." Meanwhile, adds Professor Sterman, "it's clear that we need a sustainable society where we don't work ourselves to death and consume ever more junk. Jay was one of the first to reach that conclusion through systems analysis rather than an epiphany in the woods."
Natural Complexity
People who work on farms become naturally attuned to systems, if only because their livelihood depends on the interrelationships among weather, soil, and plant and animal growth. Jay Forrester's interest in complexity began on the cattle ranch in rural Nebraska where he grew up. (Slim and bespectacled, he resembles the male figure in the Grant Wood painting American Gothic.) "A ranch is a cross-roads of economic forces," he later recalled, in a 1992 autobiography. "Supply and demand, changing prices and costs, and economic pressures of agriculture become a very personal, powerful, and dominating part of life." He was a natural systems engineer; as a senior in high school, he built a 12-volt wind-driven generator, using cast-off automobile parts, that provided the first electricity on his family's ranch. At the University of Nebraska, he earned a B.S. in electrical engineering, which was then the only academic field with a solid core in theoretical dynamics. From there he went to MIT, lured in part by the offer of a $100 per month research assistantship.
At MIT, Jay Forrester met Gordon S. Brown, who would become his mentor and closest friend. Professor Brown had founded MIT's Servomechanisms Laboratory. During World War II, when Jay Forrester was there, the lab pioneered the use of feedback control systems. These systems used signals ("feedback") that tracked the positions of rotating radar antennas and gun mounts to help moderate their movements and thus gain precision. At one point, Jay Forrester was dispatched to Pearl Harbor to repair a radar antenna control system that he had designed for the aircraft carrier Lexington. The ship left harbor with him on board, still at work, and soon encountered heavy fire from Japanese aircraft. When a direct hit severed a propeller shaft and threw the ship into a hard turn, Professor Forrester recalled, "The experience gave me a very concentrated immersion in how research and theory are related to practical end uses."
After the war, Professor Forrester led the team that designed the Whirlwind 1, the first general-purpose digital computer at MIT. Robert Everett, who worked with Professor Forrester during those years, recalls him as an exceptionally versatile and resourceful innovator. When vacuum tubes proved too short-lived for reliable high-speed data storage, Professor Forrester invented random-access magnetic computer memory, a forerunner of today's DRAM chips. Already, he had a reputation as a perfectionist, prone to accomplishing the impossible, with little patience for those who didn't measure up to his standards. When a new receptionist was having difficulty typing labels on file folders, Professor Forrester typed them out for her during her lunch break.
"I think there was nothing anybody in the lab could do that he couldn't do as well or better," says Mr. Everett. "That tended to be tough on the people who worked for him, but they knew there was nothing personal about it. He was almost always right."
Professor Forrester's early inventions and patents earned him a place in computer history, and he could have gone on to a long and lucrative career in the new industry. Indeed, the founders of Digital Equipment Corporation, the minicomputer company credited with sparking the technology boom along Boston's Route 128, were all his graduate students from MIT. But by 1956, he felt that the pioneering days in digital computers were over, and he craved a fresh challenge.
He found it in a faculty position in the newly formed MIT School of Industrial Management, later renamed the Sloan School of Management. A group of executives from General Electric had come to MIT for help; their household appliance plants in Kentucky oscillated between periods of peak demand, when everyone had to work overtime, and slumps that lasted long enough to force layoffs. So Professor Forrester interviewed GE's manufacturing people and charted the impact of their hiring and inventory decisions on orders and sales. The resulting pattern looked surprisingly like the technical patterns he had seen with servo-driven cannons in the military; the first shot would overshoot its mark, the next shot would overcompensate, missing the mark in the other direction, and the whole system would miss and correct itself several times before finally connecting with the target. GE's pattern of overcorrection was exaggerated further by delays in the ordering process and poor communication between manufacturing and distribution. (See Exhibit 1.)
Stocks and Flows
In what would be Jay Forrester's modus operandi for years to come, he tapped one of his graduate students to write a program, later named DYNAMO, that could translate his pencil-written calculus into the ones and zeros of a computer's machine language. In naming this new field, he used the engineering term dynamics — which commonly referred to the interplay of physical or electrical forces over time — to indicate that his models didn't simply represent a snapshot of a situation at any given moment, but an opportunity to see situations grow and evolve. Today, system dynamics students use sophisticated modeling programs, "playing out" the impact of possible policies or strategies by entering them into the model and running it like a computer game. In the 1950s, Professor Forrester wrote all of the code himself, using the primitive programming tools of the time.
The conceptual basis of his models was the critical relationship he had originally observed in servomechanics: the way that stocks and flows governed each other. Consider, for example, the flow of water into a bathtub. A person turns the tap to fill the tub, and when the level of water in the tub (a stock) is nearly full, the person turns off the water (a flow). The chain of cause and effect is actually a feedback loop; the person and the level of water influence each other. Similarly, a company's reserve of cash is a stock; its profits and losses are flows that affect the level of that cash reserve. But when the cash reserve gets too low, the company's managers do whatever is needed to increase cash flow. No single factor dominates; they all influence and regulate one another. In Professor Forrester's world, what goes around does inevitably come around.
Most people can grasp very simple systems — say, a system with one stock, one flow, and one feedback loop. Cash flows in and out of an individual's checking account (a stock) as that person makes deposits and writes checks. When the balance gets low, he or she must stop spending or start earning. But even the simplest organizations have multiple stocks and flows that operate in interconnected networks. Professor Forrester postulated that most industrial activity could be represented by five networks — materials, orders, money, capital equipment, and personnel — with a sixth, the information network, functioning as the connecting tissue between the other five. The complex interactions among the different networks, each of which has its own set of stocks and flows, and the feedback delays inherent in the information network make true cause and effect difficult to gauge.
For his first book, Industrial Dynamics (1961), Professor Forrester drew on the experience of his MIT students. They were typically managers, age 30 to 40, who were eager to bring their problems to Professor Forrester in the hope that his computer simulations could help them.
One of the consistent findings was particularly disturbing at first glance: The problems of most companies were not brought on by competitors or market trends, but were the direct result of their own policies. "People discover that their own policies inevitably generate their troubles," says Professor Forrester. "That's a very treacherous situation because if you believe these policies solve the problem, and you do not see that they are causing the problem, you keep repeating more of the very policies that create the problem in the first place. This can produce a downward spiral toward failure."
On the other hand, once the links were revealed, companies could often fix the problem by changing some small but consequential practice that happened to influence all the other factors of the system. (Professor Forrester calls these "high-leverage" solutions.) For example, an electronics-component manufacturer suffered from inexplicable losses of market share. Professor Forrester's model showed the culprit to be the company's policy of buffering itself against downturns by waiting to hire more factory workers until there was a large backlog of orders. This had given the company a reputation for slow deliveries, which caused customers to lose interest, which led to falling orders — which, in turn, made the manufacturer even more cautious about hiring, and thus even more prone to backlogs. The solution was simple: Maintain a steady work force even during occasional downturns, while building up enough inventory to improve delivery times. (See Exhibit 2.)
Contemporary reviewers compared Industrial Dynamics to the works of Galileo, Malthus, Rousseau, and John Stuart Mill, and it is still required reading in many MBA programs around the world — a remarkable feat for a 40-year-old book packed with dense text and intricate diagrams. Its success brought Professor Forrester consulting engagements at major companies. But the assignments often frustrated him. Executives would listen politely to his presentation, and go on with the same problematic practices. Even at Digital Equipment, managed by his former students, he found system dynamics a tough sell.
"I was never successful in getting the board to believe the models would work," he says. "The last time I tried, one of them said, 'We agree that we've been successful following your advice, but it's not because of your modeling. It's just because you're a better manager than we are.' That excused them from having to pay attention to the source of my insights."
Part of the problem was the computers of the day. Jay Forrester would run his models at the MIT computer lab and return to the company with a paper printout. Clients "could see the logic of the result, but they had not internalized the process of getting there," he says. And managers did not enjoy hearing that they had caused their own troubles; they just wanted a solution. But another part of the problem was Professor Forrester's own impatience: He chafed at the time it took to explain his solutions.
Some of Professor Forrester's protégés were more enthusiastic ambassadors to the corporate world. Two of his graduate students, Jack Pugh and Ed Roberts, started a consulting business (Pugh-Roberts) in 1963; they applied system dynamics to nuclear power plant design, missile system development, and planning the tunnel under the English Channel. One simulation prompted MasterCard's decision to introduce the first third-party affinity cards. The model accurately predicted the amount of market share MasterCard would gain as well as the fact that Visa would match the offering within a year, and that American Express and Discover would not or could not follow in the cobranding. Pugh-Roberts never trumpeted its connection to Professor Forrester or his ideas. "We used the methodology, but we didn't sell ourselves as system dynamics consultants," says James M. Lyneis, who worked with the firm from 1978 to 2002.
Businesspeople, it turned out, needed more than a solution. They needed to internalize that solution. It would take until the early 1980s for other Professor Forrester students to create experiences that might change the thinking of decision makers more directly. Professor Forrester himself, meanwhile, had reached the conclusion that the slow uptake on the part of corporations was a symptom of their stultifying management structures. The conventional command-and-control hierarchy, in his view, amounted to a kind of corporate socialism, no more likely to thrive in the long run than the planned economies of the Communist world. In a 1965 paper titled "A New Corporate Design," he predicted that less self-defeating management forms, based on individual responsibility and the free exchange of information, would ultimately prevail. These ideas anticipated the thinking of later organizational theorists, including Charles Handy and Shoshana Zuboff. In the meantime, Professor Forrester was on to bigger projects.
When John F. Collins, a former mayor of Boston, took a temporary appointment at MIT as a visiting professor, he was assigned the office next to Professor Forrester's. It was 1968, riots had broken out in cities across America, and the two instructors naturally fell into conversations about solving the stagnation and unemployment that plagued many cities.
"Collins was very much a man of action," Professor Forrester recalls. "I suggested enlisting researchers — not urban studies students, but people who knew the real urban world — for a half a day a week, for as long as it would take, to extract a dynamic picture of the problem. Collins's immediate answer was: 'They'll be here Wednesday afternoon.'"
With Mr. Collins's clout, the two quickly assembled a team of high-level advisors from politics and business to research the dynamics of urban poverty. After four months, Professor Forrester had the basis for a new book, Urban Dynamics, with a startling assertion: The harder a policymaker tried to relieve poverty, the more that poverty would increase. Low-cost housing, intended to revive inner cities, actually crowded out industry that might have created jobs, while attracting underemployed people and concentrating them in decaying neighborhoods that made it harder for them to break out of the vicious cycle they were in. The model supported arguments for fostering industrial expansion before building low-cost housing, and thus giving cities room to expand their economies naturally.
Urban Dynamics offended many social activists, while free-market advocates claimed Professor Forrester as one of their own. In truth, he belonged to neither group; he was just relating the results of his models. Meanwhile, it took three to five hours to fully communicate the implications to an audience, and he rarely had an audience's attention that long. He made some converts, including one Harlem activist who started out decrying the report as racist, and ended up saying, "They don't just have a solution to the urban problem up there at MIT; they have the only solution." But as Professor Forrester lamented in his autobiography, "We have not solved the challenge of how to bring enough people across the barrier separating their usual, simple, static viewpoint from a more comprehensive understanding of dynamic complexity."
Overshoot versus Cornucopia
The notoriety generated by Urban Dynamics brought Professor Forrester many speaking engagements, including an appearance at the June 1970 meeting of the Club of Rome, in Bern, Switzerland. The Club of Rome was a private group, made up of about 75 corporate executives and nonprofit leaders drawn from many countries. Its members shared a concern about the interrelated predicaments they saw facing humankind: rising population, pollution, economic malaise, and social strife. They knew that all contributed to one another, but nobody was sure exactly how they were interrelated, or how to reverse the downward spiral.
The Club had been promised a $400,000 grant from the Volkswagen Foundation if they could come up with a relevant research project to solve the "problematique" (as they called it). Professor Forrester naturally proposed using computers to simulate it, but told the group they would have to visit MIT for 10 days of study, presentations, and discussion. To his surprise, they accepted and, although the grant was later cut in half, he was able to start work on a dynamic model of world interactions, such as population growth, capital flows, natural resources, pollution, and food production.
That model generated a new book, World Dynamics, which proved even more controversial than its predecessor. Most eye-opening were the unexpected consequences of exponential growth. Just as a river can accept a doubling of pollutants only so many times before its ability to flush them out to sea is exhausted, the model suggested that the world could accept only a limited number of doublings of the global human population and of industrial output before civilization would suffer. The book suggested that the planet was far closer to reaching those limits than most people then believed. The faster the level of economic growth, the more dramatic the overshoot would be, and the more sudden and devastating would be the collapse of the natural environment and its support for human life and civilization.
Although Professor Forrester believed the book had "everything necessary to guarantee no public notice," including 40 pages of equations, its message immediately garnered worldwide attention. Reviews and press mentions ranged from the London Observer to the Singapore Times, and even a full-length article in Playboy. But this time Professor Forrester shied away from the public stage. And although he had scribbled out the initial model that attracted the Club of Rome, he left the actual assembly and fine-tuning to a team of students led by Dennis and Donella Meadows, who were in their mid-20s and just returning from a break.
"I literally came back to MIT the day Jay returned from Switzerland," Dennis Meadows recalls. "He announced that the Club of Rome was coming over in two weeks, and since I was the only one who didn't have five years of work to do, I became the director of the project."
The team produced a popular adaptation called The Limits to Growth, which sold several million copies and was translated into 30 languages. It painted a stark picture of the catastrophic outcomes that the model had predicted, but it also described an alternative future, in which humanity accepted less economic growth in return for a comfortable, and endlessly sustainable, future. The book became the rallying point of a global environmental movement that has continued to gain adherents. It also gained an increasingly outspoken group of critics, who argued that the model gave short shrift to the most significant economic forces, such as the self-regulating effects of markets and prices. It did not help Professor Forrester's standing with economists that he cited the Encyclopedia Britannica and the World Almanac as sources instead of econometric data, and that most of his references were to his own previously published papers. Moreover, Professor Forrester, in his usual blunt way, had spent 15 years dismissing most orthodox economic theory as trivial.
Typical was a negative review of The Limits to Growth in the New York Times, written by Peter Passell, a Columbia University economist, and two Harvard University economists named Marc Roberts and Leonard Ross. The Limits to Growth, they said, was "empty and misleading," based on an "intellectual Rube Goldberg device," full of "arbitrary conclusions that [had] the ring of science," but were really "less than pseudoscience." Dr. Passell, now editor of the Milken Institute Review, hasn't softened his opinion, though he allows there is a place in the world for modeling. "Simulation is always a problem," he says. "You've got to be very disciplined so you understand what the model is sensitive to. Professor Forrester and that crowd were oblivious to the reductiveness of their process."
At the heart of the debate over limits to growth is an unanswered question: Are planetary overshoot and collapse inevitable? Or can we rely on human ingenuity, economic forces, and technological advancement to mitigate the effects? Neither side has backed down. Bjorn Lomborg, for example, set up much of his book The Skeptical Environmentalist as an attack on the Limits to Growth mind-set, arguing, for example, that pollution levels and population growth rates have declined. But in a 30-year update to The Limits to Growth published in 2004 (three years after Donella Meadows passed away), the authors conclude that most statistics (including those for global climate change) are still playing out as the model predicted, that runaway growth has remained consistent with their model, and that growth restraints should remain an important element of global policy. Of his still-vocal critics, Professor Forrester says, "I don't really expect to convert them. The only option is to outlive them."
Dynamics versus Thinking
By the mid-1980s, a group of Professor Forrester's former students had recast his stock-and-flow notation into a set of "archetypes": common system patterns that showed up again and again in a variety of situations. The Limits to Growth was the basis of one of these archetypes; although it was famous as a warning to industrial society, it also applied to many innovative corporate initiatives, which tended to hit a wall and collapse just when it seemed that they were about to break through into success. Another common archetype, "Eroding Goals," charted the course of many companies that respond to competition by lowering the quality of their offerings, until they can no longer match their original premium identity. Peter Senge, then an instructor at MIT, captured several of the archetypes and a simplified explanation of the system dynamics approach in The Fifth Discipline. That book, which has sold 2 million copies worldwide, is far easier to read than anything penned by Jay Forrester. But it also makes a distinction that Professor Forrester himself rejects: between "system dynamics," which requires constructing and testing electronic simulations, and "systems thinking," which draws people into conversation to consider the same types of systemic situations in depth.
Jay Forrester confesses to a certain ambivalence about Dr. Senge's book. He is glad of its success, but disappointed that the book doesn't adequately explore the assumptions that went into the models underlying the archetypes. "The trouble with systems thinking," he says, "is it allows you to misjudge a system. You have this high-order, nonlinear, dynamic system in front of you as a diagram on the page. You presume you can understand its behavior by looking at it, and there's simply nobody who can do that."
For his part, Dr. Senge says his mentor's concern is justified, but there is still a value in introducing systems thinking to people who may never go on to system dynamics. "Jay has always been focused on the high ground, training people who can develop advanced simulation models," Dr. Senge says. "I think that's great, but it takes years, and I grew impatient with this very long-term strategy. It is also useful to train people to do first aid, rather than to only develop physicians."
The Fifth Discipline, and the series of multiple-author "Fieldbooks" that followed, have probably exposed more people to Professor Forrester's thinking than any other source, including his own books. Professor Forrester's work has also gained exposure through the development of graphic software programs that allow people without Ph.D.-level math skills to create sophisticated models. Vensim, produced by Robert Eberlein of Ventana Systems Inc. of Harvard, Mass., is a powerful tool used today by systems modelers in business and graduate schools, including Professor Forrester himself. Stella, created by the late Barry Richmond of Isee Systems, of Lebanon, N.H., brings system dynamics modeling to the high school classroom. One system dynamics model, taught by Diana Fisher in a Portland, Ore., public high school, demonstrates how drugs work in the human body by showing an intravenous drip as a flow, and accumulated pharmaceuticals in the body as a stock.
"You don't need calculus, just first-year algebra," says Ms. Fisher. "I've taught this to freshmen, and I've seen it taught to 8th graders. Because the models are visual, they allow kids who are not very good with equations to analyze problems in pretty deep ways."
The Pessimist's Optimist
Jay Forrester and his wife, Susan, live in a simple, brown-shingled house in Concord that they purchased in 1952. Here, in the basement, Professor Forrester works on his most ambitious computer model: a general theory of economic behavior, which he began to develop 25 years ago. It incorporates the economic long-wave theory articulated by Russian economist Nikolai Kondratiev in 1926, discredited in the 1970s, and
just now making a comeback in economic circles. (Kondratiev himself was imprisoned by Josef Stalin in 1930, and executed in 1938, apparently because of his association with Leon Trotsky.) To Professor Forrester, the long wave is generated by the same sort of production shortages and gluts in capital goods that he observed in the early 1960s with toasters and refrigerators, but played out on a much longer time scale.
Professor Forrester's model suggests that the lifestyle afforded by historically low interest rates, the huge current account deficit, and the massive foreign purchases of U.S. assets, from treasury bonds to real estate, might come crashing to a halt when overseas investors lose confidence. Does that mean the world is overdue for a deep, 1930s-style depression? Professor Forrester believes this is probable, but he is undismayed.
"People hate depressions because of the huge human problems they create, but they are also the windows of opportunity to new technology, and they're the times when the stagnation and inefficiencies of the old corporate structure get liquidated," Professor Forrester says. "That clears the deck for a clean start and a more vibrant and efficient economy."
Though his name has been linked with corporate folly, urban decay, global decline, and now with likely economic depression, Professor Forrester says he remains positive in his outlook. "I consider myself an optimist, because I feel that with sufficient understanding and education, these issues can and will be dealt with." And even the most hardened pessimist would have to admit that the dire predictions Professor Forrester has made have often failed to come true. Some corporations (GE included) have managed to escape the worst effects of their supply chain problems. Most cities (in the industrialized world, at least) are better today than they were in the 1960s. The economy, while stumbling, has not yet fallen apart. And the global environment still supports human life. Perhaps we are indeed heading for overshoot-and-collapse scenarios in all these arenas; or perhaps Jay Forrester's models have served a subtler purpose, by warning society of the unintended consequences of its actions just in time for humans to make decisions that save themselves.
Professor Forrester himself would disagree with such complacency. Like Thoreau, he expresses little confidence in the capability of his fellow human beings. Pressed to think about what he would like to leave behind, the acerbically understated prophet of unintended consequences replies, "Well, when we begin to see people taking a new look at the way corporations are designed and the way countries are run — that would be satisfactory."
Lawrence M. Fisher (fisher_larry@bah.com), a contributing editor to strategy+business, covered technology for the New York Times for 15 years and has written for dozens of other business publications. Mr. Fisher is based in San Francisco.
Mark Buchanan, "Supermodels to the Rescue," s+b, Spring 2005: An overview of the current state of computer modeling in business. Click here.
Diana Fisher, Modeling Dynamic Systems: Lessons for a First Course (Isee Systems, 2005): Introduction for educators using models in the classroom.
Lawrence M. Fisher, "The Paradox of Charles Handy," s+b, Fall 2003: Jay Forrester's article "A New Corporate Design" anticipated the ideas of visionary creative mind Charles Handy… Click here.
Andrea Gabor, "Post-capitalism's Drop-out Prophet," s+b, Fall 2004: …and controversial post-Harvard creative mind Shoshana Zuboff. Click here.
Jay Forrester, Collected Papers of Jay W. Forrester (Pegasus Communications, 1975): Jay Forrester's most critical papers, including "A New Corporate Design" and a summary of his industrial research.
Jay Forrester, Industrial Dynamics (1961), Urban Dynamics (1969), World Dynamics (1971), all from Pegasus Press: The great Forrester trilogy, still full of surprises and insights after more than 30 years.
Donella H. Meadows, Jørgen Randers, and Dennis L. Meadows, Limits to Growth: The 30-Year Update (Chelsea Green, 2004): The most current overview of global potential for overshoot and collapse.
Keith Oliver, Dermot Shorten, and Harriet Engel, "Supply Chain Strategy: Back to Basics," s+b, Fall 2004, The management of complex supply chain systems. Click here.
Peter Senge, The Fifth Discipline (Doubleday, 1990): Business-savvy bestseller that introduces key systems thinking concepts and practice.
Peter Senge et al., Schools That Learn (Doubleday, 2000): Application of system dynamics and other "learning organization" ideas to education, with an essay by Jay Forrester.
John Sterman, Business Dynamics: Systems Thinking and Modeling for a Complex World (Irwin/McGraw-Hill, 2000): The most accessible and up-to-date guide to system dynamics for business planning and development.
MIT System Dynamics in Education Project: The project is designed to help educators prepare tomorrow's complex thinkers. Click here.
System Dynamics Web site: The System Dynamics Society home page, a starting point for resources and conferences. Click here.
Ventana Systems Web site, Click here, and Isee Systems Web site, Click here.: Access to software for modeling systems.
Topics: training, design, delivery, writers, economy

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Once upon a time, I had a practice of writing a daily haiku. It was a form of returning to the present, capturing a snapshot of moment, and cultivating mindfulness.
These days, I've been writing seasonal haikus. Here's one dedicated to the fall equinox.
The beginning of February is the turning of the corner between Winter & Spring. We are exactly midway between Winter Solstice and Spring Equinox this week. From here on out, it may still feel like we are in the grips of deep winter, but the return of light starts to speed up, as we gain a couple extra minutes of sunlight each day. Check out this chart for time of sunrise and sunset and change in day length for your region.
So what does this have to do with our health? Our bodies respond to the sunlight and promise of warming days just as the plants do outside. As our own sap starts to run and circulate, we become aware of the sludge that has accumulated through the winter months.
It was a cold day – below zero first thing in the morning and in the single digits later in the day. The sun was stubbornly hiding behind a dense layer of low hanging, steely-grey clouds. I painfully pulled myself out of bed and made it out of the house to each of my commitments that day, but not without a struggle and a grumble all day long.
"What am I doing out and about?!" my body screamed at me – "This is the time for hibernation! Go back to bed already!" I laughed it off and continued on with my day with a light hearted grumpiness.
But that part of me had a point.
I promise to follow the way of the great physician.
teach my patients to do the same.
I will stay calm and completely committed while treating.
but above all else hold and nurture a deep feeling of compassion.
but as they would be in perfect health and balance.
unique in body, mind, and spirit.
benevolence, propriety, integrity, appreciation, and wisdom.
to hold myself to the highest standards.
not driven by greed for material things.
Above all, I will keep an open heart.
I will look forward to great happiness as my reward.


text:
Kansas, Missouri Leaders Explore Ways To Combat Climate Change At Local Level
By Samuel King • Dec 11, 2018
Kansas City Mayor Sly James talks about efforts to combat climate change at a workshop Dec. 8 in Prairie Village, Kansas. More than 100 local officials participated.
Samuel King / KCUR 89.3
Originally published on December 10, 2018 8:08 am
More than 100 local officials from both Kansas and Missouri gathered Saturday morning to discuss ways to combat climate change on the local and regional level.
'This is by far the largest collection of elected officials that are addressing climate change, climate disruption and global warming that I've seen in my time here," said Brian Alferman, sustainability manager of Johnson County, Kansas. "So I want it to be a part of it and hope that it drives some of the work that I do."
The workshop, held at the Village Presbyterian Church in Prairie Village, was the brainchild of Roeland Park Mayor Mike Kelly and Shawnee City Councilmember Lindsey Constance. They said they were compelled to act following a recent government report on the looming impacts of climate change.
"Mike and I, we both have small children and it was really about that," Constance said. 'We want to ensure a future for our kids and we thought what better way to do that than to bring together elected leaders to learn together and solve this issue."
The leaders in attendance brainstormed on ways to reduce emissions in their communities, using solutions presented in Drawdown, a book outlining strategies to reverse global warming. They also heard presentations by Kansas City Mayor Sly James and former Maryland Gov. Martin O'Malley, who briefly ran for president as a Democrat in 2016.
"The ball in terms of climate change, sustainability reaching drawdown has to be carried this moment by local leaders," O'Malley said.
James agreed local efforts are important, because it is a "fool's errand" to wait on state and federal lawmakers to combat climate change.
"We, as probably the largest municipality in the region, feel a sense of leadership responsibility to try to do what we can and to share information and to help and to acquire information from our other partners as well," James said. "So we're all kind of breathing the same air, so we're all going to try to improve the quality of the air that we breathe."
James said Kansas City is moving toward 100 percent renewable energy usage in its municpal operations, in partnership with KCP&L. He also said the city has worked to reduce greenhouse emissions both in city government and community-wide.
Constance said the work would not end with Saturday's workshop. They plan to organize a steering committee to come up with ideas to tackle climate change regionally.
Samuel King is the Missouri government and politics reporter at KCUR 89.3. Follow him on Twitter: @SamuelKingNews
Copyright 2018 KCUR 89.3. To see more, visit KCUR 89.3.
KCUR
Texas's Power Grid Will Face Even Bigger Challenges During The Coming Summer
By Jonathan Baker • Dec 5, 2018
public domain via MaxPixel
Texas is hunkering down for another summer of scorching heat—and that will likely mean record-breaking power demand once again.
However, as Houston Public Media reports, the Lone Star State's backup power reserves will be at an all-time low, unlike last year. And all those air conditioners running full blast across the state could mean massive power outages, including blackouts and brownouts.
Dry And Getting Drier: Southwestern Water Scarcity The New Norm, Climate Study Says
By Luke Runyon • Nov 28, 2018
The effects of climate change are not far off problems for future generations. They are existential problems for everyone alive today.
That's one big takeaway from the U.S. federal government's latest roundup of climate science, the National Climate Assessment, now in its fourth iteration.
Climate Report Says U.S. Cattle And Crops Will Be Stressed By Hotter, Wetter Weather
By editor • Nov 28, 2018
A changing climate has major implications for farmers and ranchers across the U.S., according to a federal report.
Here's a select breakdown of the agriculture section of the fourth National Climate Assessment, which was released last week.
Climate Change Will Affect Infrastructure, Agriculture And Health Of Kansans
By Brian Grimmett • Nov 27, 2018
Kansans can expect rising temperatures and more extreme flooding in the future, according to the latest National Climate Assessment.
A New Climate Assesment Says Texas Is Getting Hotter, Drier And More Flood-Prone.
By Mose Buchele, KUT News & Mose Buchele, KUT News • Nov 26, 2018
Friday, while millions of Americans recovered at home from Turkey-induced torpors, the Trump administration released a report on climate change that forecasts a grim future for Texas.


The Best of Canton and Top 10 List. The top-rated place in Canton is Ivy's Fine Cakes & Pastry in the Restaurants category. Other places on the best Canton list are D & E Pizza & Subs, Golden China Restaurant Incorporated, Takara Japanese Restaurant, Mai Place and Halfway Cafe. A few more Canton things to do barely missed the "Best of Canton List" such as Ann Taylor Loft. For more top ten lists in Canton, MA see the categories below.


In creating customer experiences into the future it will be essential that organisations embrace technology. The public is becoming more technologically able and as such can interact with products and services like never before and is providing new and unique opportunities to educate customers.
Even ordering a cup of coffee can become an immersive and educational experience. Ideum in association with Starbuck transformed the humble table into a touchscreen experience which allowed customers to learn more about the coffee they were drinking through the use of specially designed coffee coasters.


Residents' fears that Ferndown Post Office in Penny's Walk would be closed permanently have been allayed, with the premises re-opening unexpectedly on Wednesday this week with a temporary postmaster.
The post office - the only one in Ferndown - had shut suddenly on 5th July with a notice on the door saying the closure had been caused by a dispute with the previous owner about the lease.
This left local people high and dry - particularly those without cars and the elderly - who had to travel to West Moors or West Parley to access postal services.
On Tuesday there had been no indication of an imminent re-opening with local people angered that despite ringing the number on the door of the post office, they had been unable to get through to anyone.
This wasn't the first time this post office had shut its doors to the public.
It closed onThursday 30th September and Friday 1st October 2010 because of a dispute between the sub-postmistress and the post office. The situation was resolved.
There have been numerous post office closures over the last ten years, with the ones at Wimborne Road East and Stapehill closing in October 2008. The post office in Longham closed in January 2009 after a long campaign to retain it.


This zip file includes everything you need to teach a lesson on regular -AR, -ER, and -IR verbs in the conditional tense.
The powerpoint teaches what the conditional tense means, what the verb endings are for regular -AR, -ER, and -IR verbs, how questions are formed, and allows students to practice conjugating verbs in the conditional tense. The notes page has blanks in it for students to follow along with the powerpoint.
This lesson is ideal for a Spanish 3 class in high school.
This lesson is included in my Spanish Conditional Tense Bundle.


Please find for sale a beautiful quality vintage cultured Pearl, Silver clasped,necklace. The Pearls are of stunning cream lustre colour with some very slightly out of shape. The clasp measures 2cm x 1cm. Each Pearl measures 7mm in diameter graduting down to 3mm diameter and the necklace measures 40cm long. The total weight is 15.3 grammes and is offered in good condition. Check out my other items !


text:
Apple Will Reportedly Introduce 'For You' Purchase Recommendations in Revamped Apple Store App
According to a new report from Bloomberg, Apple is working on a new version of its Apple Store app for iOS that will provide customers with personalized recommendations based on their purchase history.
The report notes that the revamped app will borrow a page from Apple Music and feature a "For You" tab filled with suggestions based on prior purchases. The publication notes that Apple will keep users' data private with the introduction of the new backend recommendation engine.
Currently, the Apple Store app allows users to access their buying history, but it does not propose suggestions for future purchases. Other Apple services like Apple Music and various iTunes stores suggest content based on preferences set by users voluntarily in a setup process.
It is still unclear as to whether the recommendation feature in the Apple Store app will be activated by default or whether it will be an opt-in feature.
While an official release date has not been confirmed, Apple is likely to release an update for the app within the next few weeks.
Apple AirTags are great for keeping track of your items (especially your luggage when travelling), but now veterinarians are warning to beware if you're putting them on your dog's collar. A report from the Wall Street Journal has shed more light on the stories experienced by canine owners, when their dogs have chewed off AirTag […]
Twitter Payments are Coming, as Company Seeks Licences: Report
Twitter users could soon be able to send and receive payments through the popular social media platform, according to a report from the Financial Times. Per the publication, Twitter is actively building a payments feature for its flagship social network. The company has also started applying for regulatory licences to handle and process payments in...
Netflix Brings 'Kids Mystery Box' to Android Devices
Netflix has just confirmed that its Kids Mystery Box feature is now available on Android devices for all members worldwide. For those who aren't familiar, the feature provides a "fun and safe space for kids to discover their next favorite series and films". The feature basically picks a random show or movie for kids to watch....


text:
Henri Léon Victor Susse (* 23. September 1844 in Paris; † 16. April 1910 ebenda) war ein französischer Kunsthändler und Segler.

Erfolge

Léon Susse, der für den Cercle de la Voile de Paris segelte, nahm an den Olympischen Spielen 1900 in Paris teil, wo er in drei Wettbewerben antrat, der offenen Klasse und der 2 bis 3 Tonnen-Klasse. Bei allen Starts nahm er als Skipper der Yacht Favorite mit der Crew Jacques Doucet, Auguste Godinet und Henri Mialaret bestand. Die Wettfahrten fanden in Meulan-en-Yvelines auf der Seine statt.

In der Regatta der offenen Klasse waren alle Boote mit Ausnahme der größten Klasse verpflichtet, an dieser Wettfahrt teilzunehmen. Es wurde zeitversetzt gestartet, beginnend mit der kleinsten Klasse. Die größte Klasse startete 19:37 Minuten später als Letzte. Es wurde zunächst stromaufwärts gesegelt. Eine Flaute zwang den Großteil aller Boote zur Aufgabe. Nur 6 Booten gelang es, eine Boje zu umrunden und stromabwärts ins Ziel zu "treiben". Gewertet wurde nach Einlauf der Boote. Mit der Yacht Favorite kam er nicht ins Ziel.

In der Bootsklasse 2 bis 3 Tonnen waren in beiden Wettfahrten nur 4 Boote am Start. Es wurden eine lange und zwei kurze Bahnen (Runden) mit einer Länge von insgesamt 19 Kilometern gesegelt. Gewichtsunterschiede in den Booten wurden durch Zeitzuschläge ausgeglichen. Die französische Favorite segelte zwar die schnellste Zeit, wurde mit einem Zeitzuschlag von 4:05 min jedoch auf Platz Zwei gesetzt. Bei der zweiten Wettfahrt erreichte die Favorite
wieder den zweiten Platz ohne Auswirkung des Zeitzuschlages. Für jede Wettfahrt erhielt er eine Silbermedaille.

Léon Susse war in dem Kunsthandelshaus Susse Frères in Paris tätig. Nach dem Tod des Vaters Amédée Susse 1880 führten Léon und sein Bruder Albert das Familienunternehmen weiter.

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Regattasegler (Frankreich)
Olympiateilnehmer (Frankreich)
Teilnehmer der Olympischen Sommerspiele 1900
Kunsthändler
Franzose
Geboren 1844
Gestorben 1910
Mann

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


My brother in law is a product designer, I have sat fascinated behind his shoulder as he draws things on his computer. I once watched him draw out a futuristic vacuum cleaner. He would zoom in to meticulously smooth out the sides and colour it exactly how he wanted. Then he would zoom out and rotate it around and you would see the extra handles and storage parts that he imagined up.
Lets say he designed a toaster. He highly crafts it, with the help of some electrical engineers so that the toast is perfectly cooked. He designs the outside to look a certain way, To be able to be stored extremely neatly with ability to also be perfectly folded away in cupboard too. This toaster has been created to toast. The toaster brings a cooked dimension to breakfast and after school snacks all the way up to entertaining a huge crowd.
Now lets say he sits next to bill, who designs refrigerators. Bill as decided to design it to look like it's a brother of the toaster. But when he hits up their electrical engineer friend they go out to make sure that the fridge keeps food cool whilst using as little power as possible. He tests it by putting a carton of milk in the carefully designed milk shelf. Hours later he takes the milk out and it has been kept to the same temperature – like it was designed to be.
What happens if they swap roles? What happens if the toaster is then marketed as a storage place for milk? To keep it fresh and cool. And what if the fridge is sold as a product that cooks toast?
The customer takes either product home. Turns the toaster on and pours milk in it. Instantly the toaster, combined with liquid starts at least sizzling and possibly even shorts its circuits. The milk is now at least room temperature maybe warmer. The toaster is broken at least, maybe destroyed. The milk can't really be used as much as before and the toaster will need to be fixed. The fridge on the other hand, when toast is put inside doesn't short circuit. Doesn't need to be fixed, but the toast is now colder then it was, and may in fact be clammy and not very enjoyable to eat. The bread could quickly be saved by chucking it in a working toaster. But the toaster and the milk need a little more work to fix.
Both these products were created and used improperly and the fruits were sub par.
Another example – i used to wear a Chicago white sox hat. It was perfectly formed to my head size. It acted as both a protector from the sun, a fashion accessory that made me look a certain way, communal identifier – others who went for the white sox would be drawn to me as well as a subtle advertising campaign for the team Although being in Australia it wasn't that effective. Back when I used to eat minced meat, there would be moments when I needed to cook it, so I would get a frying pan and oil and chuck the mince in the pan on a gas stove and cook it well, with flavours that would make eating the meat a lot more enjoyable then eating it raw.
What if I woke up one morning and chucked some raw meat in my Chicago white sox hat? Then walked into the kitchen and put it on the stove. It would slowly burn through my Chicago white sox hat and then begin to burn the meat at the bottom unless I began to turn it over, but with out a pan underneath it the balanced cooking that mince needs would get harder and harder. The immense amount of meat directly on top of the flame would almost definitely smother the flame leaving half cooked, half burned mostly raw mince meat in a gross pile on the stove entangled with a now destroyed Chicago with sox hat.
Now when I wear my hat I will smell of burnt raw meat, which no one wants. It would decrease in effective sun protection as it has a huge gaping hole in it. It would lose almost all of its style and promotional power and my desire to wear it would lose all logic to do so. The meat would be un eatable and messy. Leaving the whole situation quite a negative experience for everyone.
But where is the hope? Can the hat be cleaned and repaired with good stitching? Yes, it might take a while to get it back to almost as good as new, but it is a possibility. Can the meat be saved? Can the meat be now cooked properly – highly probable, or at least other meat can be procured and cooked. Style and sun protected can be found once again, a good bolognaise sauce can be cooked and served.
Now shine these parabolic ideals on humanities experience. Like the hat, meat, fridge and toaster people have been designed and created. And when I make statements like that I am always reminded of the myriad of debates I've had with evolutionists and sometimes even pantheists. I'm not standing here attempting to argue if we have been created or designed. The truth I am starting from is that we HAVE been created and designed. So let me state it again. Like the hat, meat, fridge and toaster, people have been designed and created. There are realities that mean we need electricity to run, we need repairing when we are broken, there are things that shouldn't be poured into us, and when you put bread into our refrigerators expecting toast then you will be strangely disappointed.
Woman I love once told me, to thrive and do well, humanity needs the foloowing everday.
Food, water, air, shelter, company and to learn a new thing every day.
Our bodies have been created in systems. One of these systems is the food system. We eat things that are processed through our stomachs and digestional tracts, goodness is taken out through different parts of our bodies, poisons are filtered and waste is dumped out through a couple of different means. What we eat and how we eat and how much we eat determines our energy, our disposition sometimes, our weight, our complexion. How much we can do, how much we can produce and give out. As a close friend to the food systems is the liquid system. 80 per cent of our bodies are made up of liquid. When our levels get lower we start to slow down and our systems run slower and slower until we ultimately stop. With better levels of liquids out digestional systems are smoother, which then makes our other blah blah blah. But levels are one thing, liquids we pump through our another. When we start pumping coke instead of water or coffee or beer or whatever is changes the electricity that powers the rest of our bodies systems.
Cycling through our bodies at the same time as the food and water machine is our air. We breathe in oxygen that is then added to our blood which then cycles through our entire body giving energy and a different type of nutrients to our muscles and bones. When we put pure oxygen through our lungs ….. and when we begin to put smoggy air through our lungs or even air laced with marijuana or arsenic it slows us down like trying to record a top ten album on a farm with only single phase power. Our oxygen links in with the energy of the food and liquids we consume. Like a holy trinity of energy if we neglect one, the rest begin to lag.
The secondary trinity of human experience and survival are more abstract almost. The hunter gatherer people of yester year are imagined to just sleep under the stars. Next to trees, in sleeping bags made of leaves and bark. But shelter is almost a strange bed fellow with security and the family unit. When a man lays down with his family underneath the night sky they are quiet vulnerable to wild animal attack, theft, the elements. Trying to sleep with these things over shadowing you gets to be almost stress fueled and impossible. Turning it into a dungeons and dragons watch system, having someone awake all of the time to sound an alarm of needed defense. But as technology and house building becomes more of a thing people have that need of belonging that pops up that is easily foind underneath to family home roof of the cone shape of a tent or the four walls of a constructed house.
As humanity has been created in the image, as the echo of a triune God who are perfect in their holy relationality, company can be avoided and functionality can still be kept, but it isn't why we were made. So hermits begin to become almost stunted, their functionality lessens and distorts. Like when men hide their feelings under the guise of 'manliness' and become quite internally conflicted – acting out in a myriad of ways.
The last of the secondary trinity is to learn something every day. Our brains are muscles and when muscles aren't used for long periods of time they atrophy. They cease up and are harder to get working when we need to. Learning something every day keeps the muscle of the brain limber, warm, always growing.
When out triune systems are known and used correctly our lives raise in almost all of the best ways.


Sift the flour, cream of tartar, baking soda, cinnamon and salt. Set aside.
In a mixing bowl, whisk the butter and sugar until light.
Add the egg and whisk until incorporated.
Combine the dry ingredients with the butter mix and incorporate these ingredients until you have a sticky dough.
Cover with cling wrap and refrigerate for at least 30 min. The dough needs to be firm when you use it.
After setting, roll the dough into small balls, cover with cinnamon sugar, and arrange a few centimeters apart on a non stick oven safe baking tray. Flatten a little with your hands.
Bake for 8 – 10 minutes, remove from oven and leave to cool.
Melt the chocolate and milk over a double boiler until melted.
Dip or cover the cookies in chocolate and enjoy (preferably) immediately.


The control of the current flowing through metal-molecule(s)-metal junctions is relevant for testing theories of electron transport and for designing electronic devices. Among a variety of junctions based on different design, junctions based on Hg electrodes, show a large versatility in incorporating molecules of different complexity organized in self assembled monolayers (SAMs). These junctions have been used i) to correlate electron transfer rate and chemical structure, 1, 2 to gate the current by external triggers.
3. Duati, M. Cattabriga, M.; Belser, P.; Zharnikov, M.; Rampi, M.A. Manuscript in preparation.


Relax for me. Slowly feel yourself melt away. Total relaxation, Follow Me. You will need headphones for full effect. Relax and stroke for me while I invade your mind. This is one of my best clips of this genre so far to date.


text:
Olim Month in Israel for celebrating internationals
Published on October 26, 2017 in Life, Culture & Sports
The Tel Aviv municipality has decided to honor its Olim, the people who choose to move to Israel to live from around the world, and their endless contributions to Israeli society in a month-long celebration. From October 23 until November 29, there will be a series of events hosted by the Tel Aviv municipality to…
SodaStream hosts Ramadan meal for Arab and Jewish workers
Two thousand SodaStream employees and families, Arab and Jewish, gathered on Monday evening to honor breaking the fast of Ramadan,
Eleven million deaths per year are based on destructive dietary habits, on a global scale. The Global Burden of Disease
IKEA and McDonald's Make Accessible Changes
IKEA, Israel's most beloved homegoods stores, has collaborated with two nonprofit organizations, Access Israel and Milbat, to create furniture add-ons
New Names Uncovered from World War II
Published on October 26, 2017 in Economy & Innovation
Over seventy years after World War II ended, over a million victims of the Holocaust remain anonymous and unknown. In Hungary, where a bulk of the murders took place, only certain information was known, including train schedules, headcount, and which trains would be arriving in Auschwitz. However, the names of the people who stepped onto…
Does the Holocaust Belong on Instagram?
What if a 13-year-old girl in the Holocaust had Instagram? Evas.stories was launched as a personal Instagram blog on May
Biological magic has been made thanks to a team of Israeli researchers and scientists, who digitally printed the first live
While eating disorders are common in affluent Western countries, Middle Eastern countries are unfortunately catching up. Since the 1990s, eating
Healing Ink tattoos at Jerusalem museum
A crew of tattoo artists from Healing Ink created their own kind of 'art exhibit' in collaboration with Artists4Israel and the Israel Museum in Jerusalem. The intention was to create a space for victims of terror attacks, war and military services to heal their painful scars in a meaningful way. The project inspires victims to…
A hopeful desert harvest, a solo street shoe cobbler, or a celebratory dance circle are captured in black and white,
Jerusalem Writer's Festival Gathers Culture Community
For the seventh year in a row, the annual Jerusalem Writer's Festival is taking place in Mishkenot Sha'ananim Culture Center from May
Exhibition Naomi Leshem: The Ghosts Of Others
Israeli-Swiss artist Naomi Leshem made a name for herself through her simple and serene photography. Her latest exhibition is "Ghosts
Israeli solution may give sight to the blind
Published on October 19, 2017 in Health & Science
In an ongoing Israeli medical technology revolution, there are promising signs that one company is fighting, and possibly winning, the battle against global blindness. CorNeat has created a potential solution for the upwards of 2 million people per year who deal with corneal disease and blindness. With their new patent-pending blend of technology, they have…
Just like flight simulation for pilots, doctors can now simulate surgery, thanks to a new technique developed by Israeli doctors
Easier Cure for Burn Victims
Imagine curing a deep burn scar with a small breeze? That's exactly what Israeli company, Nanomedic has been working to
Migraine Cure from Israeli Company
For the millions of people who suffer from migraines, relief could be on its way. A new device is en
Israeli poetess' making money
Two new Israeli bills are making their way into the money market as a part of Bank of Israel's poetry series. The bills, featuring Rachel Bluwstein and Lea Goldberg, will enter circulation in the upcoming weeks, and will be pictured on the 20 NIS bill and 100 NIS bills respectively. The two female poets will…
Female Politicians on the Rise in Israel
History was made in the nationwide Israeli municipal elections, as expected for the year of 2018. Just a little more
Birth is Booming Across Israeli Hospitals
Hospitals across Israel have reached capacity, with maternal wards bursting with babies in record breaking numbers during July of 2018.
Mothers moving forward together
Working women across the world endure everlasting issues regarding wage gaps, unfair discrimination, and gender-biased judgement. In Israel, which has


text:
Retro Sex: Prostitutes and Merkins and STDs, Oh My!
It's not the merkin that's evil; it's how you use it.
Writer: Ghia Vitale
Illustrator: Ajah Courts
Ah, the days of Queen Victoria…the pre-Romantic era romanticized through the lens of modernity, shrouded in its own mystique of a signature culture so different from our own. The most radical contrasts between then and now lies within the realm of beauty ideals and sexuality, namely female sexuality. Rumors about the Victorians' paradoxical prudishness still abound: Society at large condemned masturbation as unhealthy and sinful unless performed by a trained professional, someone who knew how to properly operate a vibrator.
Still, despite publicly stigmatizing female sexuality, the Victorians also secretly reveled in it and regularly produced porn extreme even by today's standards. While I believe in the healing power of orgasms, the Victorians probably would've been better off doing the job themselves instead of forcing their genitals into contraptions that would qualify as torture devices today. Embracing DIY masturbation might have rescued them from the perils of turning to one of the most flourishing industries of that day: prostitution, the kind of sex work that flourished outside of a medical office with a dildo-wielding doctor and regularly returned people to it.
Although the media glamorizes Victorian women as though they were animated versions of the sophisticated portraits of their time, the reality was quite different. Most women didn't resemble the elegant subjects of oil paintings. Women didn't tend to wear much makeup. Shaving wasn't much of a part of their beauty norms. If you were a woman, your pubic garden was free to blossom. That is, if you weren't a sex worker.
Depending on their class, prostitutes were the exception to many social rules during Queen Victoria's rule. Prostitutes ranged from bourgeoisie courtesans to street walkers. Prostitution was one of the only feminine careers that had the potential to bring quick financial security. Other professions required more elbow grease for meager wages unlikely to rescue them from whatever hardship that life dealt them. The oldest profession could stuff a woman's wallets full of money and grant her rightful entry into pubs. Then again, as "fallen women" (women who had extramarital sex), prostitutes lived on the outskirts of proper society. Beauty ideals were another matter from which they weren't automatically exempt, although unlike other women, prostitutes wore heavy makeup.
As entrepreneurs, prostitutes had to make their "product" look as appealing as possible. By fulfilling the Victorian standard of beauty, prostitutes stood a greater chance of broadening their customer base. That beauty ideal did not include open sores or pubic lice. It did include pubic hair. Upper-class women might cut off their pubic hair to give to male lovers as a little love charm to decorate a hat like a pubic cockade. Wearing a woman's pubic hair on your head was a token of a man's sexual prowess and desirability—and more socially acceptable than visible hickies, for instance. A prostitute, on the other hand, would shave that hair away to keep the crabs at bay. It turns out that sores and other visible symptoms of STDs were not only unhealthy, but also bad for business. That's where the merkin came to the rescue. With this clever carpet installment, a prostitute could go about her business and support herself, proliferating her infection by proxy.
Unfortunately, the widespread Victorian belief that sleeping with a child virgin could cure STDs led to the sexual trafficking of children. Pimps of all kinds sold child prostitutes at a higher price, often under their presumed "curative" properties; one sordid report cites that a 13 year-old girl was sold for the equivalent of $897.92 due to a widespread belief that sleeping with a virgin could cure STDs. Holding tremendous sway over the popular opinion, the press began exposing the realities of the "actual pilgrimage into [the] real hell" that is child trafficking. The media bolstered enough support to (after repeated attempts) raise the age of consent from 12 to 13 years of age, and then finally to 16 years of age. It's not the merkin that's evil, it's how you use it. I'm sure that prostitutes didn't merkin-up with the intention of perpetuating disease. They just wanted to make a decent living and evade the many dangers that accompanied the profession.
Merkins are still used today to keep an actor's nether-region "private" while giving the illusion of nudity. Back when only men were permitted to perform on stage, they also wore merkins when protraying female characters. In a time where barren genital skin happens to be all the rage, it's interesting to see that merkins haven't become entirely extinct yet. Come to think of it, you've probably seen way more merkins than you'd like to believe…I guess you were had.
Also read "Shading the Naughty Bits."
#VictorianCulture #Sex #Myths #Prostitution #England #SexWorkers #Retro #DidYouKnow #Merkin #Hair
Visit our shop and subscribe. Sponsor us. Submit and become a contributor. Like us on Facebook and follow us on Twitter.


text:
North Georgia Republican files bill to allow permitless carry of guns
ALYSSA POINTER/ALYSSA.POINTER@AJC.COM
Politics | Nov 22, 2018
By Maya T. Prabhu, The Atlanta Journal-Constitution
A North Georgia Republican is getting a head start on what could be flurry of proposals to expand access to guns.
State Rep. Matt Gurtler, R-Tiger, filed legislation to let anyone who is legally allowed to own a gun carry it without paying for a state-issued license.
Felons and people who were involuntarily committed to a mental institution within the past five years are not allowed to own guns in Georgia.
Currently, Georgia gun owners must pay about $75 — depending on the county probate court — to register with the state and pass a background check before being issued a license to carry a handgun in public.
"As it stands now, law-abiding Georgians are taxed millions of dollars annually for exercising their God-given natural rights of self-defense," Gurtler said. "Under the (U.S) Constitution and in accordance with our Founding Fathers, 'shall not be infringed' is a no-compromise statement."
While chances of Gurtler's legislation, House Bill 2, making it through the Legislature are less than slim — he has a reputation in the House as often being the lone Republican dissenter on many of the party-backed initiatives, making him a bit of a pariah in his own caucus — some form of the proposal could gain traction next year.
Gov.-elect Brian Kemp has said he supports permitless carry of weapons and has vowed to "support the Second Amendment." Kemp was endorsed by gun rights groups Georgia Carry and the National Rifle Association.
Stay on top of what's happening in Georgia government and politics at ajc.com/politics.


text:
Peștera Vântului este cea mai lungă peșteră din România, cu o lungime totală a galeriilor de 52 km. Se află în Munții Pădurea Craiului, în vecinătatea localității Șuncuiuș.

Localizare
Peștera Vântului se află în partea nordică a Munților Pădurea Craiului, în defileul carstic cu același nume. Din punct de vedere hidrografic, peștera aparține bazinului Crișului Repede.

Drum de acces
Situându-se la o distanță de 50 km de Oradea și 100 km de Cluj-Napoca, accesul se poate face fie pe drumul asfaltat DJ 764C, 11 km de la DN 1 (E60), fie pe calea ferată (stația CFR Șuncuiuș).

Intrarea naturală în Peștera Vântului este situată la cca. 2 km SE de localitatea Șuncuiuș, în versantul stâng al văii Crișului Repede, deasupra izvorului din Poiana Frânturii. Deoarece galeria de acces era foarte strâmtă și greu accesibilă a fost blocată și s-a deschis o intrare artificială câțiva zeci de metri distanță, la nivelul activului.

Descoperire
Peștera a fost descoperită de ing. Bagameri Bela în anul 1957 și explorată pe 500 m lungime. În următorii zece ani explorările fac ca la sfârșitul anului 1967 lungimea totală a galeriilor cunoscute se depășească 15.000 m. S-au organizat ture de explorare și expediții de anvergură.

În anul 1966, sub conducerea descoperitorului se constituie Cercul Speologilor Amatori din Cluj având ca scop principal continuarea cercetărilor de explorare, cartare și protejare a Peșterii Vântului.

Prima hartă color a peșterii la scara 1:500 este realizată în 1969, pe ea fiind reprezentați 15.283 m de galerii. În anul 1972 timp de 8 zile se lucrează în subteran pentru realizarea de către TVR a unui documentar despre Peștera Vântului. În anul 1978 apare albumul foto "Peștera Vântului" semnat de dr. Dan Coman și Valentin Crăciun.

Cercetările și cartările continuă în paralel cu acțiunile de documentare a peșterii descoperindu-se noi sectoare de galerii în diferite puncte ale peșterii. În anul 1979 apare în Buletinul Clubului de Speologie "Emil Racoviță" din București prima descriere geomorfologică a Peșterii Vântului redactată de Szilágyi Árpád, Komíves Emil, Nagy István, Varga Alfonz și Kerekes Károly. Se caută o legătură cu sistemul Izbândiș, însă fără succes. La sfârșitul anului 1989, lungimea totală a galeriilor Peșterii Vântului depășea 40.500 de metri.

În anul 1991 descoperitorul peșterii, ing. Bagameri Bela se retrage după 50 de ani din activitatea speologică. Explorările continuă, iar la sfârșitul anului 2000 lungimea peșterii depășește 47.000 m.

Descriere
În cele 52 de km de galerii pot fi găsite aproape toate formele endocarstice cunoscute. Accesul în peșteră se face la cel mai jos nivel, acolo unde întregul debit de apă iese la suprafață. Urmând pârâul amonte, pe o galerie largă și înaltă apar formațiuni gigantice, scurgeri parietale și stalactite (Torpila). Înălțimea galeriei scade și curând devine inaccesibilă dar numeroase galerii fosile pot fi urcate în etajele superioare.
Sunt trei etaje distincte formate din galerii, săli, puțuri și hornuri de dimensiuni și forme foarte diferite cu toate tipurile de speleoteme: stalactite, stalagmite, coloane, scurgeri parietale, cristale, gips. Se diferențiază Labirintul Racoviță, fiind cel mai încurcat sector de peșteră din țară sau Galeria Hipodrom, ca o galerie de metrou.

Galeriile s-au dezvoltat pe patru nivele, dintre acestea cel inferior este activ, pe aceasta pârâul subteran o modelează continuu prin acțiunea ei corozivă și erozivă, iar celelalte trei nivele superioare sunt fosile. Galeriile principale sunt: Galeria Activă, Etajul I, Etajul II, Galeria Albă, Galeria Roșie, Galeria cu Lacuri. Galeriile laterale sunt: Galeria 7 Noiembrie, Galeria 1 Mai, Galeria Moravek, Galeria Mikulaș, etc. Un lucru specific pentru Peștera Vântului o constituie meandrele, care în unele locuri ajung și la 25-30 m înălțime oferind o imagine impozantă.
Majoritatea sălilor s-au format la întâlnirea a două falii, sau ca urmare a prăbușirilor din zona faliilor. Așa sunt Sala Titanilor, Sala Mare, Amfiteatrul, Sala Neagră, Sala Ascunsă.
Și puțurile aflate în peșteră sunt de origine mixtă, unele formate pe brecie de falie, iar altele s-au format pe diaclaze. Rolul lor este important deoarece fac legătura între cele patru nivele de dezvoltare a peșterii. Cele mai importante puțuri sunt: Casa Scărilor, Puțul Greu, Puțul Bükki, Puțul Bagaméri, Puțul din sistemul Torpilei.
În comparație cu mărimea peșterii formațiunile sunt puține, totuși pe alocuri întâlnim stalactite, stalagmite, coloane, draperii, coralite, scurgeri parietale, gururi, cristale de CaCO3 multiforme (helictite), cristale de aragonit și gips cu forme florale (anthodite), monocristale.

Condiții de vizitare
În anul 2003, în cadrul unui proiect Phare, CSA a deschis oficial un traseu turistic în peșteră. Lungimea acestuia măsoară 730 m. Vizitarea se poate face numai cu însoțire din partea clubului custode pe baza unei planificări prealabile.

Geologie
Peștera Vântului se dezvoltă într-un pachet de calcare triasice, organogene, care se extinde pe cca. 20 km pătrați și are o grosime de cca. 200 m. formate cu aproximativ 200 milioane de ani în urmă.

Fauna
Au fost identificate colonii de lilieci formate îndeosebi din Rhinolophus ferrum-equinum si Rhinolophus hipposideros atât la hibernare, cât și pentru reproducere. Există o mare diversitate de nevertebrate înalt specializate (păianjeni, miriapode, melci) care pot fi găsite în peșteră și în solurile bogate în calciu din jurul lor. Multe nevertebrate depind de guanoul liliecilor ca principală sursă de hrană.

Temperatura
Medie anuală este de 11.8˚C.

Legături externe
  site-ul oficial al Peșterii Vântului
    site-ul oficial al CSA Cluj, custodele peșterii
 Peștera Vântului - istorie, geologie, biologie, turism
 Fotografii din Peștera Vântului
 Fotografii din Pestera Vantului realizate de Szilagyi Palko Pal CSA Cluj

Bibliografie
Marcian Bleahu 1976 Peșteri din Romania.

T. Orghidan, Ștefan Negrea, Peșteri din România. Ghid Turistic, Editura Sport-Turism, București, 1984

Marcian Bleahu - Cuceritorii intunericului - Editura Sport-Turism, Bucuresti, 1976

Marcian Bleahu, Ioan Povara - Catalogul pesterilor din Romania - Consiliul National de Educatie Fizica si Sport, Bucuresti, 1976

Cristian Goran - Catalogul sistematic al pesterilor din Romania - Consiliul National de Educatie Fizica si Sport, Bucuresti, 1976

Federatia Romana de Turism Alpinism, Comisia Centrala de Speologie Sportiva - colectia Buletinului speologic informativ

colectia revistei Speotelex

Vezi și
 Peșteră
 Peștera Scărișoara
 Peștera Pojarul Poliței
 Peștera Poarta Zmeilor
 Ghețarul de sub Zgurăști
 Peștera Ghețarul de la Vârtop
 Peștera Poarta lui Ionele
 Cetățile Ponorului
 Peștera de la Căput
 Avenul din Șesuri
 Peștera Gaura Fetii
 Peștera Huda lui Papară
 Peștera Bisericuța
 Peștera Calului
 Peștera Dâmbău
 Peștera din Valea Geogelului
 Listă de peșteri din România
 Peștera Meziad
 Peștera Urșilor
 Țara Moților

Vântului, Peștera
Județul Bihor
Turismul în România
Munții Apuseni
Rezervații naturale din județul Bihor


Staying at the Aventine is perhaps the secret desire of all those who visit Rome. It is one of the places of greater fascination of the entire city and the testimonies of ancient Rome that here are innumerable, acquire animated contours the moment the street lamps are turned on in the evening.
In the public square of S. Anselmo, in front of the homonym Benedictine church with convent, the S. Anselmo Hotel is distinguished in all its beauty, a wonderful private villa having pastel colours that as from 1960 has been transformed into an alluring hotel, where elegance, the romantic atmosphere and privacy, guarantee an unforgettable stay.
Stepping out of the hotel and walking through the peaceful roads of the hill, passing by the imposing Benedictine Monastery, the famous public square of the Knights of Malta is reached, where Saint Peter's Dome can be admired through the famous keyhole of the Grand Priory of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta.
A beautiful private villa in one of the most fascinating places of Rome: the Aventine.
This is the Hotel San Anselmo.
VISIT OUR ROOMS, EVERY ROOM DIFFERS FROM ANOTHER!
Simple but comfortable economy room, classic furniture, perfect for one or two people.
The economy room has a marble bathroom with shower.
Lounge and reading area with fireplace, functional during the winter months, annexed to the external pergola covered in scented wisteria during springtime.


The Mission of God's People by Christopher J. H. Wright Audiobook Download - Christian audiobooks. Try us free.
In The Mission of God's People, part of the Biblical Theology for Life series, author Chris Wright offers a sweeping biblical survey of the holistic mission of the church, providing practical insight for today's church leaders.