Seattle Church Planting is the church multiplication arm of The Puget Sound Metro Region (NWBC Region 1), an area comprised of urban, suburban, and rural settings. This diverse, secular, postmodern setting has more than 4 million people and over 100 major languages. The large population centers of Seattle, Tacoma, Bellevue, Everett, Bellingham and the surrounding communities are home to major industries (Boeing, Microsoft, Amazon, Starbucks, Nintendo-USA, Alaska Airlines, biotech research, fishing, tourism) and significant educational institutions (University of Washington, Seattle Pacific University, and more). Set on the Puget Sound with many lakes and rivers, and surrounded by the Olympic and Cascade mountains, the region is one the most beautiful metropolitan spaces in the world.
Spiritually, the greater Seattle area is one of incredible opportunity. While over 80% of people believe in something beyond the physical realm, only about 1/3 are a part of any organized religion. It is a pre-Christian society that is seeing encouraging growth in the number of new disciples, churches, and even networks. On any given Sunday, only 4% of the population attends an evangelical church of any kind. Less than 1% attend a Southern Baptist church. We are "planting the Gospel" to see God's Kingdom expand through the making of new disciples…and it is.
Since 2000, the number of Region 1 churches has approximately doubled. About half of our churches are 2nd generation ethnic churches or worship in languages other than English. Seattle Church Planting provides planters and their teams with one of the most extensive support systems anywhere, including prayer support, assessment, training, focus community exegesis, partnership development, coaching, advocates, planter networks, spouse networks, family gatherings, online giving, an administrative hub, block party trailers, portable baptistries, and more.


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Q: Show that $(Tp)(x)=\int^x_{-\infty} f(s) ds$ is linear operator Show that $(Tp)(x)=\int^x_{-\infty} f(s) ds \;$  where $p(x)$ and $f(s)$ are continuous functions is linear operator
as my knowledge :   $(Tp)(ax+by)=\int^{ax+by}_{-\infty} f(s) ds \;$  but how we can go for further

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Sgt. Guinness: The Sword And The Flame games at RECON 2015, Orlando Fl.
The Sword And The Flame games at RECON 2015, Orlando Fl.
Friday: 9:00am – 1:00pm: The Sword In Africa – "Sacred Mountain".
Friday: 2:00pm – 6:00pm: The Sword In Africa – "Forbidden Passage".
Saturday: 9:00am – 1:00pm: The Sword & The Flame – Sudan 1898 – TBD.
Saturday: 2:00pm – 6:00pm: The Sword & The Flame – "Lawrence and the retreat from Beersheba 1917.
Saturday: 8:00pm – 12:00am: The Sword & The Flame – "Jasani Heights – NWF 1879".
Pictures from past Recon Games.
Search For The Ark: US Marines disembark for action.
French & Indian War: Dawn raid in the Mohawk Valley.
The Wind And The Lion: German gunners man their artillery.
April 23rd. to 26th: Come join us at the International Palms Resort and Convention Center Orlando.
For reservations call1-800-354-8332. Room rates: $85.00, CODE: HMGS.


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O il Giornale é um jornal diário em italiano, de cariz conservador, publicado em Milão, Itália.

História e perfil
O jornal foi fundado em 1974 pelo jornalista Indro Montanelli, juntamente com os colegas Enzo Bettiza, Ferenc Fejtő, Raymond Aron e outros, após algumas divergências com a nova linha editorial pró-esquerda adotada pelo jornal Corriere della Sera, onde Montanelli havia sido um dos colaboradores mais importantes. Montanelli deixou o Corriere della Sera em 1973.

O jornal foi publicado pela primeira vez em 25 de junho de 1974 como il Giornale nuovo, contando com Indro Montanelli como editor e membro do conselho executivo e com um escritório composto por 59 jornalistas. Em 1977, Montanelli, em dificuldades financeiras, aceitou uma oferta de Silvio Berlusconi, que se tornou o novo proprietário.

Em 1983, o jornal foi renomeado como il Giornale. Quando Berlusconi entrou na política em dezembro de 1993, Montanelli deixou o jornal, temendo pela sua própria independência, e fundou o jornal diário La Voce. Em 1992, Berlusconi deixou o papel de dono do il Giornale para o seu irmão Paolo. Em 2003, a editora do jornal, Società Europea di Edizioni, era propriedade de Paolo (58,3%) e da Mondadori Editori (41,7% direta e indiretamente).

O jornal foi publicado em formato standard até maio de 2005, quando mudou para o formato tabloide. Em maio de 2005, o il Giornale iniciou sua versão online. Em 2007, a revista mensal de negócios Espansione tornou-se um suplemento do jornal.

Em 2016, a Società Europea di Edizioni ainda era parcialmente detida diretamente em 36,90% pela Arnoldo Mondadori Editore, sendo que em 2017 foi relatado que Roberto Amodei, proprietário de vários jornais desportivos da Itália, teria interesse em subscrever um aumento de capital da Società Europea di Edizioni.

Circulação

Il Giornale della Libertà
O Il Giornale della Libertà era um semanário político gratuito, liderado por Michela Vittoria Brambilla e anexado ao Il Giornale, mas foi severamente criticado pela sua equipa editorial, que mais tarde entrou em greve (pela segunda vez após a partida de Indro Montanelli).

Editores

 Indro Montanelli (1974-1994)
 Vittorio Feltri (1994-1997)
 Mario Cervi (1997–2001)
 Maurizio Belpietro (2001–2007)
 Mario Giordano (2007–2009)
 Vittorio Feltri (2009–2010)
 Alessandro Sallusti (2010 - presente)

Ligações externas

 Sitío oficial do il Giornale (em italiano)

Publicações fundadas em 1974
Jornais em língua italiana
Família Berlusconi

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Afternoon Minute: Erica Garner To NYC Mayor: 'Just…
Plus Airbnb lays out new plan to address racial discrimination and NFL player Brandon Marshall loses endorsement deal for taking…
Erica Garner Felt 'Railroaded' At Obama's Town Hall…
According to the site, Garner yelled, "I was railroaded! I was railroaded by ABC on the two-year anniversary of my…
Bernie Sanders Releases Powerful Campaign Ad Featuring Eric…
Presidential candidate Bernie Sanders included Erica Garner in a new campaign ad to show his commitment to combating police brutality.
Eric Garner's Daughter Is Strongly "Considering" A Run…
Erica Garner may seek to avenge her father's untimely death by launching a congressional campaign against Rep. Dan Donovan.
As Cop Involved In Eric Garner's Death Asks…
With the one-year-mark of Eric Garner's death drawing near, the family has rejected a $5 million settlement from the NYPD,…

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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‹ Final Fantasy • Missing Features in old RPGs ›
Miracle Warriors: Seal of the Dark Lord / Haja no Fuuin
March 25, 2010 in Sega Master System by Rav | No comments
The white squre on the right is your location in town, and the left window is the person living in the house.
In 1987, ASCII Entertainment and Kogado Studio made Miracle Warriors for a large number of systems (MSX, MSX2, PC88, FM-7, and NES/FC.) The game was slightly remade for the SMS version and the game difficulty was tweaked. It came out in the US in 1988.
The blue bar is XP, and the lower white bar is health. The upper white bar is the enemy health.
Unsurprisingly for an older game, the game feels pretty primitive. Basically, you move a square on a map to get to various towns. When in a town, you use the same method to move from house to house. Meanwhile, a screen depicts your hero and his fairy companion as he explores.
A knife costs a great deal of money.
One problem with the game is that the game is pretty unforgiving. Weapons cost a lot of money. You have a character point system that counts down if you kill "good" wandering characters. If you fight the wrong monsters early on, you might lose too much health and not get enough money to heal. If you lose a party member, you have to spend a large amount of money and it's much simpler to reset the game.
You can talk to a merchant to end a battle without fighting one.
On the other hand, the game is fascinating. It's a completely original method of exploration, and the enemy sprites are fairly large. While it is terribly difficult, it is an unapologetic level of difficulty. The game is fairly open (though you are unlikely to survive the exploration.)
Weaponry has endurance. In this case, a knife has 50 endurance. When it wears out, you have to pay a blacksmith to repair it.


A new frontier for us. A new home for you. Rising up on the golden fields of Barangay Sapalibutad, Solana Frontera is Solanaland's first premier gated community in Angeles City. At the crossroads of Angeles, Mabalacat, and Mexico, commanding views of Mt. Arayat serve as a backdrop for 349 home units in 9 hectares (Phase 1). Starting at Php 3.0 million for a house and lot.


When you are drained of the rat race and in need of a enjoyable split, you likely daydream about taking a tropical trip and calming for a whilst to recharge your batteries. Popular places contain Jamaica, the Cayman Islands, Mexico and Maui. Maui is getting ever more well known and your vacation agent will be ready to notify you a lot more about this beautiful spot. When you are thinking about which sort of lodging would accommodate your requirements the greatest, you really should think about renting a rental. A rental rental provides luxury, privateness and a household from house feel. Condos are not the only alternative but unquestionably a little something to bear in brain. Just one of the very best areas to keep in Maui is Kihei which is on the western coast. It is a welcoming vacationer spot with a fantastic ambiance and there are lots of resorts and motels there much too. Kihei boasts white sandy seashores and a good deal to see and do.
When you are pondering about the sorts of family vacation condo out there, your conclude choice will rely on your finances and private choices. Would you somewhat be on the beachfront or in the town? Potentially you would relatively keep just outside the house the city. Most people today want to be in the vicinity of to points to see and do in Kehei and an ocean check out is a thing really special. A clean up, roomy location is also wonderful. You can make certain that your alternative of getaway rental is somewhere safe and sound and secure. Great durable window and doorway locks will give you peace of head and safeguard your valuables. Several of the obtainable getaway condos are close to the city so finding groceries and searching is easy. Maui is an island so every thing is relatively close by and checking out the sights is effortless.
Give oneself loads of time for a extensive browse if you are organizing to get a Maui family vacation condominium. If you are in a hurry it may be greatest to ebook a hotel simply because your choice of condo could not be out there at shorter notice. Recall that when you perspective images of condos, they might appear to be much more roomy than they really are and they can zoom in on the ocean look at, building it feel closer. Qualified Photographers in Oahu can use the very best angles so a complete glimpse on your aspect is the ideal issue to do.
If you are searching for the ideal Maui vacation condo, for a 7 days lengthy rental, a timeshare or even a number of months rental, you should speak at size with a authentic estate agent. A very good agent can suggest you about the different types of condos offered and match your tastes with the excellent place. These times, the sector is extremely hot for rental condos so there need to be one thing ideal for you. you could even take into consideration acquiring a condominium for on your own to use, your relatives and buddies and your spouse and children for yrs to appear. Both purchasing or leasing can be a great financial investment and a fantastic way to delight in the lovely island of Maui.


The Dragonballs are Mystic Artifacts which depending on their type allows you to grant a certain set of wishes. But sometimes these wishes are limited.
Finding the Dragonballs is done by making an RP post on a certain place trying to find these artifacts you have a very limited chance in finding these as the stronger the dragonball's the harder it is to find them. This can take months to find these. The key is to never stop looking and try searching in places most people would never look.
These are the original set of Dragon Balls for the earth. They were created when Mr. Popo asked Kami to give life to a small dragon model he had made. Kami did this but added the Dragon Balls onto this to give humans something to work towards. But they were misused for evil often and Kami was not going to allow their existence until good people like Goku changed his mind.
Namekian Dragon Balls: The original set of Dragonballs which originate from the Planet Namek. They were created from the dreams of Guru, hence Porunga's meaning to be "God of Dreams" in Namekian. The Dragon Balls on Namek are much larger than the ones on Earth due to their increased power.
These Balls Can Only Grant 3 Wishes and a namekian must summon Porunga for you.
Black Star Dragonballs: These balls were also created by Kami, but when he was originally fused with Piccolo, since Kami was so strong when these were created they have incredible power.
Certain wishes you make you can't do depending on the Power of the Dragon.


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New light on Stonehenge. Latest theories about when and why Stonehenge was built
Tuesday 13 November 2012. A talk by Professor Mike Parker-Pearson, University of Sheffield. This lecture will present new findings by the 'Feeding Stonehenge' project about the people who built Stonehenge, and about the sources of its stones in Wales and north Wiltshire. It will examine the latest theories about when and why Stonehenge was built, and will present new discoveries from Wales as well as the Stonehenge area.
image credit : Adam Stanford of Aerial-Cam
Prof. Mike Parker-Pearson is leader of the Stonehenge Riverside Project and author of Stonehenge: exploring the greatest Stone Age mystery, published by Simon & Schuster in June 2012. (see below)
7.00 pm refreshments, 7.30 pm lecture.
Please note this lecture is at the Guildhall (Market Square)not the Museum. A lecture in the Salisbury Museum Archaeology Lectures (SMAL) series. SMAL lectures are held on the second Tuesday of each month from September to April. Please note earlier start time for this particular lecture. This particular lecture requires booking. This is a fundraising event.
http://www.salisburymuseum.org.uk
Booking: Booking required. Please contact the Museum to book.
Cost: In Advance: £8.00; On the Night : £10.00.
Stonehenge: Exploring the Greatest Stone Age Mystery
Our knowledge about Stonehenge has changed dramatically as a result of the Stonehenge Riverside Project (2003-2009), led by Mike Parker Pearson, and included not only Stonehenge itself but also the nearby great henge enclosure of Durrington Walls. This book is about the people who built Stonehenge and its relationship to the surrounding landscape. The book explores the theory that the people of Durrington Walls built both Stonehenge and Durrington Walls, and that the choice of stone for constructing Stonehenge has a significance so far undiscovered, namely, that stone was used for monuments to the dead. Through years of thorough and extensive work at the site, Parker Pearson and his team unearthed evidence of the Neolithic inhabitants and builders which connected the settlement at Durrington Walls with the henge, and contextualised Stonehenge within the larger site complex, linked by the River Avon, as well as in terms of its relationship with the rest of the British Isles. Parker Pearson's book changes the way that we think about Stonehenge; correcting previously erroneous chronology and dating; filling in gaps in our knowledge about its people and how they lived; identifying a previously unknown type of Neolithic building; discovering Bluestonehenge, a circle of 25 blue stones from western Wales; and confirming what started as a hypothesis – that Stonehenge was a place of the dead – through more than 64 cremation burials unearthed there, which span the monument's use during the third millennium BC. In lively and engaging prose, Parker Pearson brings to life the imposing ancient monument that continues to hold a fascination for everyone
Sponsored by 'Stonehenge Guided Tours' – www.StonehengeTours.com
Categories : Bluestonehenge, durrington walls, mike pearson, neolithic, Salisbury Museum, stonehenge book, stonehenge landscape, Stonehenge riverside project, Stonehenge tours, visit salisbury, Wiltshire Events


Pray the Divine Mercy Novena and Chaplet along with Bishop Richard J. Garcia and the Oblates of St. Joseph.
envelop the whole world, and empty Yourself out upon us.
as a fountain of Mercy for us, I trust in You.
Eternal Father, turn Your merciful gaze upon the souls who glorify and venerate Your greatest attribute, that of Your fathomless mercy, and who are enclosed in the Most Compassionate Heart of Jesus. These souls are a living Gospel; their hands are full of deeds of mercy, and their hearts, overflowing with joy, sing a canticle of mercy to You, O Most High!
I beg You O God: Show them Your mercy according to the hope and trust they have placed in You. Let there be accomplished in them the promise of Jesus, Who said to them that during their life, but especially at the hour of death, the souls who will venerate this fathomless mercy of His, He, Himself, will defend as His glory. Amen.


Joel Filliol is internationally recognized as one of triathlon's most successful performance leaders. From Olympic Games, to Senior World Championships, and across disciplines from Junior, Development, ITU, Non-Drafting and Ironman, Joel has guided athletes and Federations to world class success at the highest levels.
Joel currently serves the Federazione Italiana Triathlon in the role of Olympic Performance Director, guiding Italy's top athletes towards Tokyo 2020.
Joel also works with his independent elite multi-national triathlon squad #JFTcrew consisting of Olympic athletes focusing on the ITU World Triathlon Series that have delivered more that 65 WTS podium performances, 12 overall WTS Medallists including 3 World Elite Championships.
Previously Joel served Triathlon Canada as National Senior Coach and Beijing 2008 Olympic Coach, where he guided Canadian Simon Whitfield to the Silver Medal, and British Triathlon as Head Coach.


My name is Bart Ligthart and I'm from the beautiful town called Sneek, The Netherlands. I create websites for a living, my clients are all over the world.
I guess it's time to start with blogging again. I share things I think are beautiful, inspiring or just enjoyable.


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A Guide to the BRAT Diet
More in Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Causes & Diagnosis
Support & Coping
IBS With Constipation
IBS With Diarrhea
Helpful Foods for Vomiting, Diarrhea, or Other GI Issues
Barbara Bolen, PhD
Barbara Bolen, PhD, is a licensed clinical psychologist and health coach. She has written multiple books focused on living with irritable bowel syndrome.
Robert Burakoff, MD, MPH
Medically reviewed by Robert Burakoff, MD, MPH
Robert Burakoff, MD, MPH, is board-certified in gastroentrology. He is the vice chair for ambulatory services for the department of medicine at Weill Cornell Medical College in New York.
Verywell / Zorica Lakonic
The BRAT diet has been recommended for treating stomach flu, diarrhea, and other stomach issues. The foods included in the BRAT diet are low in protein, fat, and fiber, making them easier to digest. While helpful for short durations, there are risks associated with following this diet for an extended period of time, including nutrient and calorie deficiencies.
If your healthcare provider has recommended the BRAT diet, or you'd like to try it to ease a temporary gastrointestinal (GI) issue, it's important that you learn how to follow it safely and to know what alternatives you have to eating when you have stomach trouble.
Components of the BRAT Diet
Past medical practice advocated a low-fiber, easily digestible diet for people who were recovering from an acute stomach illness involving vomiting and/or diarrhea. An acronym was coined as a simple way for people to remember a set of bland foods that you might best tolerate when ill:
The BRAT diet has also been extended to the BRATTY diet with the addition of the following:
BRATT: Add decaffeinated tea
BRATTY: Add yogurt
Eating the foods that are part of the BRAT diet is believed to relieve stomach issues because the foods:
Are gentle on the stomach. The foods included are low in both fat and protein, which means they are less likely to irritate the stomach and put stress on the digestive system.
Produce firmer stools. The diet includes low-starch and low-fiber foods, which discourages loose and runny stools.
Reduce nausea and vomiting. Because the foods in the diet are bland and don't have strong smells, the diet reduces nausea and vomiting. Moreover, it offers symptom relief.
Research on the BRAT Diet
Despite the fact the BRAT diet enjoys much celebrity and has anecdotal support, there is surprisingly a lack of research on its effectiveness and risks.
There is some limited research suggesting bananas and rice are helpful in reducing diarrhea symptoms. One 2010 study found children with diarrhea who followed a green banana supplement diet recovered faster than children who did not. A 2016 study found a rice soup diet was effective in treating diarrhea in children.
Using the BRAT diet for short periods, usually less than 48 hours, is unlikely to cause any harm. However, prolonged use of the BRAT diet can be dangerous because the diet does not contain enough calories, protein, fat, fiber, minerals, and vitamins.
In fact, the American Academy of Pediatrics no longer recommends the diet for management of diarrhea in children and instead pushes for oral hydration therapies using re-hydration drinks.
With vomiting, only introduce solid foods after you have been able to hold down liquids for several hours without a vomiting episode.
It may be a good idea to modify this and add other bland foods to your diet, including clear broths, saltine crackers, and oatmeal. For longer-term relief, however, you'll need to make sure you eat a balance of protein, carbohydrates, and healthy fats.
Following a Bland Diet
Beneficial bacteria called probiotics may help shorten the course of diarrhea. Natural yogurt, kefir, sauerkraut, miso soup, and fermented vegetables (e.g., sauerkraut) are great options.
While recovering from stomach symptoms and re-introducing solid foods into your diet, it is essential to keep yourself well-hydrated too. In addition to drinking water and tea, other helpful choices are clear broth and electrolyte-containing drinks, such as sports drinks.
What Not to Eat
Pay attention to all the foods you are eating while managing diarrhea and vomiting. Avoid the following foods:
Fatty foods, including fried foods, greasy foods, and junk foods
Sugary desserts
Beans and vegetables that cause gas, such as broccoli and cauliflower (especially raw)
Heavy proteins, including pork, steak, and salmon
While following the BRAT diet can be helpful, there are times when your symptoms could be a sign of something that requires more attention than a change in how you eat. Know when it's time to see the healthcare provider (if not for the first time, then again), and be sure to get his OK before taking any anti-diarrhea medications. In some cases, these treatments may worsen your symptoms.
What is the BRAT diet?
The BRAT diet is a list of easily-digestible foods meant to relieve symptoms of stomach flu, diarrhea, and vomiting. The low fat and protein content in these foods help produce firm stool and prevent stomach irritation.
B: Bananas
R: Rice
A: Applesauce
T: Toast
Also, there are two more items in the related BRATTY diet:
T: (Decaffeinated) Tea
Y: Yogurt
Are there alternatives to the BRAT diet?
Yes, there are alternatives to the BRAT diet. Other stomach-soothing foods include saltine crackers, clear broth, oatmeal, and sauerkraut, but there are many more. Be sure to add a balance of protein, carbohydrates, and healthy fats if you follow a bland diet for more than a few days.
Is the BRAT diet good for IBS?
The BRAT diet might ease symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), but it's only meant to be followed for a short period of time due to the risk of nutritional deficiencies. Additionally, there are other diets that can help with IBS, such as the low-FODMAP diet, so it's be a good idea to discuss all your treatment options with a healthcare provider first.
When should you go to the ER for stomach pain?
Persistent stomach pain should warrant an immediate visit to the emergency room (ER) if:
You are pregnant
The pain started within a week of abdominal surgery or a GI procedure
You have had a gastric bypass, colostomy, or bowel resection
The pain started after experiencing severe abdominal trauma
Your abdomen is bruised or rapidly expanding
You have symptoms such as a hard abdomen, coughing up blood, dizziness, persistent vomiting, or pain in the neck or between shoulder blades
Learn More: When Stomach Pain Is and Is Not an Emergency
When to See Your Healthcare Provider for Nausea and Vomiting
One of the most challenging aspects of having IBS is trying to figure out what's safe to eat. Our recipe guide makes it easier. Sign up and get yours now!
Rabbani GH, Larson CP, Islam R, Saha UR, Kabir A. Green banana-supplemented diet in the home management of acute and prolonged diarrhoea in children: a community-based trial in rural Bangladesh. Trop Med Int Health. 2010;15(10):1132-9. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3156.2010.02608.x
Kianmehr M, Saber A, Moshari J, Ahmadi R, Basiri-moghadam M. The Effect of G-ORS Along With Rice Soup in the Treatment of Acute Diarrhea in Children: A Single-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial. Nurs Midwifery Stud. 2016;5(2):e25852. doi:10.17795/nmsjournal25852
Guarino A, Guandalini S, Lo vecchio A. Probiotics for Prevention and Treatment of Diarrhea. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2015;49 Suppl 1:S37-45. doi: 10.1097/MCG.0000000000000349
U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Irritable bowel syndrome treatments aren't one-size-fits-all. December 13, 2017.
Churgay CA and Zafra A. Gastroenteritis in Children: Part II. Prevention and Management. Am Fam Physician. 2012 Jun 1;85(11):1066-1070.
Duro D. and Duggan C. The BRAT Diet for Acute Diarrhea in Children: Should It Be Used? Practical Gastroenterology 2007 31:60-68.
Have Diarrhea? Here's What You Should Eat to Heal Your Digestive System
Foods You Should Eat When Recovering From Diarrhea
What to Eat When You Have Vitiligo?
What to Eat After Having Your Gallbladder Removed
How to Stop Throwing Up: Tips and Treatments
How to Treat Diarrhea
How to Stop Diarrhea: 3 Ways
Overview of a Clear Liquid Diet
Diet for Managing Diverticulitis
What Is the Hiatal Hernia Diet?
How Parents Can Keep Their Kids Hydrated From Vomiting and Diarrhea
What Is the C Diff Diet?
Eating to Keep Heartburn in Check
Gastritis Diet
Multiple Myeloma Diet: What to Eat for Better Management


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Quality in Primary Care
Focus Scope Ethical MalPractice Copyright
Reach Us +32 466902153
Exploring representations and experiences of case-management users: towards difficulties and solutions to leading qualitative interviews with older people with complex living conditions
Fre´de´ric Balard PhD*
Medical Anthropologist, Epsylon, Universite´de Montpellier, France; Biode´ mographie de la longe´vite´et de la vitalite´ (e´quipe 4, INSERM U 710), Montpellier, France
Ste´phanie Pin Le Corre PhD
Sociologist, Institut National de Pre´ vention et d'Education pour la Sante´ (INPES), Saint-Denis, France
He´le`ne Trouve´ PhD
Socio-economist, Fondation Nationale de Ge´ rontologie, Paris, France
Olivier Saint-Jean MD PH
Researcher in Healthcare Organisation, Hoˆ pital Europe´ en Georges-Pompidou, Paris, France
Dominique Somme MD PhD
Professor of Geriatics, CHU de Rennes, Service de Ge´riatrie, Rennes, France; Laboratoire Sante´ Environnement Vieillissement, INSERM, Universite´de Versailles–Saint-Quentin, Paris, France; Universite´ de Rennes, France
Fre´de´ric Balard
Biode´mographie de la longe´vite´ et de la vitalite´ (e´quipe 4, INSERM U 710)
Centre Val d'Aurelle, Parc Eurome´decine
34298 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
Received date: 15 March 2013; Accepted date: 27 June 2013
Visit for more related articles at Quality in Primary Care
BackgroundBy matching needs to resource services, case management could be a useful tool for improving the care of older people with complex living conditions. Collecting and analysing the users' experiences represents a good way to evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of a case-management service. However, in the literature, fieldwork is very rarely considered and the users included in qualitative research seem to be the most accessible. AimThis study was undertaken to describe the challenges of conducting qualitative research with older people with complex living conditions in order to understand their experiences with casemanagement services. MethodsReflective analysis was applied to describe the process of recruiting and interviewing older people with complex living conditions in private homes, describing the protocol with respect to fieldwork chronology. The practical difficulties inherent in this type of study are addressed, particularly in terms of defining a sample, the procedure for contacting the users and conducting the interview. The users are people who suffer from a loss of autonomy because of ognitive impairment, severe disease and/or psychiatric or social problems. Notably, most of them refuse care and assistance. ResultsReflective analysis of our protocol showed that the methodology and difficulties encountered constituted the first phase of data analysis. ConclusionUnderstanding the experience of users of case management to analyse the outcomes of case-management services requires a clear methodology for the fieldwork.
case management, elderly, fieldwork, interview, qualitative methods
How this fits with quality in primary care
There are many ways to evaluate the outcomes of a case-management service. The methodology of follow-up studies using validated tools and indexes has been extensively discussed. Some studies based on qualitative inquiry used interviews with patients. This methodological strategy obtained very informative results concerning the perceived role, function and skills of the case manager, and conclusions drawn about their function. However, details of fieldwork are lacking, perhaps constituting a bias concerning the results obtained. Very often, users of case-management services are frail individuals, who are difficult to meet and interview. This very rarely discussed, but critical point is almost neglected in the literature.
What does this paper add?
In the fieldwork described herein (2009–2010), the users of case management were older people with complex living conditions residing in Paris. Some of them suffered from loss of autonomy for various reasons, e.g. cognitive impairment, severe disease and/or psychiatric or social problems. Most of them refused care and assistance. Interviewing them was challenging. Notably, we did not include those easiest to interview. For ethical and scientific reasons, we chose not to exclude the frailest or those suffering from dementia. Analysis of the sequential steps of the interview process provides a broad understanding of what this type of protocol implies, without ignoring its weaknesses and limits. Indeed, clear analysis of fieldwork constitutes the first phase of the research process. It gives weight to the subsequent analysis of the users' representations and experiences with case-management services and prevents several biases.
The elderly with complex long-term physical or social living conditions constitute a real challenge for professionals and the healthcare system in general.[1] The Program of Research to Integrate Services for the Maintenance of Autonomy (PRISMA-France 2006– 2010) was a pilot project involving case management to improve their care.[2] The aim of PRISMA was to evaluate the benefits of case management using a qualitative approach based on comprehensive interviews, with researchers continuously analysing their data throughout the study. This type of research has been carried out previously.[3–5] It implies that frail users of case management are willing and able to participate as key participants or informants.
The users of case-management services suffer from loss of autonomy for various reasons, e.g. cognitive impairment, severe disease and/or psychiatric or social problems. Most of them refuse care and assistance. [6] Interviewing them without simply selecting the most accessible is challenging and previous studies did not seem to make it a priority. How to achieve qualitative field interviews with this hard-to-reach population is very rarely discussed in the literature, and in fact almost neglected.
This paper aims to describe and analyse the process of fieldwork with this group.
Interviewing old people, including those with dementia
Assessing the impact of a phenomenon (here, the implementation of a case-management service) on a population implies interviewing the population concerned. Our methodology took the view that the subject's perspective constitutes a valid research input that can be used to take into account the effects of the project. We did not consider cognitive impairments a sufficient reason to exclude people.[7] In agreement with Cotrell, we consider that 'the absence of the patient's perspective on dementia has led to a lack of representation of patient needs in the selection of care strategies'.[8]
The user's subjectivity as a data source
Qualitative interviews[9] were used to discern informants' mental representations and to understand 'the meaning of respondents' experiences and life worlds'.[10] In this setting, the interviewer must be as non-directive as possible to avoid the risk of formatting the informant's speech. We attempted here to determine the informant's psychological state from interviews centred on his/her conceptions, reasoning and subjective logic.[11]
The researcher responsible for the interview, the major instrument of data collection,[12] had prior experience in qualitative interviewing of older people.[13] The researcher began by contacting case managers to access potential informants, contacted those individuals, conducted the interviews in their homes, and then transcribed and interpreted the data (Figure 1).
Figure 1: Flow chart of the entire meeting process from organising the first contact to the interview
The fieldwork in questionwas undertaken when the case-management service had just been implemented in Paris, in 2006–2010. Five case managers had a total caseload of 40 elderly service users.
Informants' inclusions
The first step of the inquiry was to select key informants. It is imperative that the researcher's work did not compromise the clinical relationships established. The objective was to select users who would not refuse the interaction and would be able to havemeaningful interactions with the researcher. The researcher organised several meetings with the case managers to provide them with clear information on the objectives and methods of the study.
Making users informants was difficult. Among the 40 potential elderly informants, ten could not be included because they had begun using the casemanagement services too recently, five were temporarily or permanently not living in their homes (because of hospitalisation) and three had refused (at that time) a casemanager's assistance. Eight were excluded because of paranoid delirium or major and generalised anxiety. Three non-French speakers were excluded, as were two with cognitive disorders and one because of complete deafness. One user died just before the fieldwork started. This highlights the difficulty of the inclusion phase of this type of research. This crucial point illustrates how complex this kind of inquiry can be. Unfortunately, previous researchers did not expose how they selected and included their informants. The users included in the study are described in Table 1.
Making contact: a phase fraught with obstacles
Making contact partially conditioned the continuation of the fieldwork process, as this was the time when informants formed their idea of the research and the interviewer. To avoid any misunderstanding of the researcher's request and facilitate the intervention, case managers were asked to explain to users that they would be contacted soon by a researcher and to distribute a brochure describing the study's objective and providing the researcher's photo and telephone number. Immediately, two people stated they did not want to receive the researcher in their homes.
The others were contacted directly by the researcher by phone. Each call turned out to be difficult, particularly because of hearing impairment. The researcher was transferred to a third party, present in three users' homes at the time of the call. Through these intermediaries, a meeting could be scheduled. Two other people aware of the researcher's upcoming call agreed to set up a visit. Another strategy for making contact, which yielded two visits, consisted of asking the case manager to set up a meeting with the person during a home visit.
Recruitment was closed when the researcher was no longer collecting (hearing or seeing) new information (data saturation).
Reaching the informants
To avoid the risk that informants would forget the meeting, the time between the phone call and the appointment date did not exceed three days. Despite that precaution, one informant forgot. She finally opened the door after the researcher patiently reminded her of the appointment.
The meeting took place in each elderly person's home. It was difficult for the researcher to gain access to the homes of users with disabilities. Mrs D was confined to a wheelchair and could not reach the button that opened the door to her building, so the researcher had to ring neighbours' bells until one of them consented to open the door. Mrs G no longer left her home and did not open the door to anyone except her caretaker and her son, so the researcher had to first speak with her caretaker to gain access to the informant.
Introduction of the researcher
The first few face-to-face minutes determined whether the informant would agree, or not, to continue with the interview and its audio recording, and sign the informed consent form. Given the cognitive and memory problems of some older people, the researcher deemed it necessary to reintroduce himself. This phase of the inquiry was critical, because the informant's perception of the researcher could strongly influence the interaction. Contrary to Johnson's advice, the researcher did not use polite conversation icebreakers to avoid adding confusion to the situation and directly focused on the reasons for his presence.[14]
One informant said that she accepted the visit only because she was interested in the research, flattered to receive a researcher and pleased to have the company. Most other informants assumed that the researcher was a colleague or superior of the case manager who had introduced to them.
Informed consent and audio recording
Eight informants did not want to read the informed consent form or have the researcher read it to them, but wanted to sign the form nonetheless, sometimes after the researcher re-explained its content. One informant signed the form before knowing what it was about, and another only agreed to sign it at the end of the interview, after having read it in detail and asking questions for 20 minutes. One user said that he agreed to the interview but then refused to sign the consent form; he could not be included in the research. According to Warren (p. 89) 'Some subjects may not see written consent forms as at all protective'. [10]
This formality provided insights into the informants' profiles and their general attitudes concerning visitors. Some informants thought that, by signing, they were committing themselves to something further, which proved they were at least partially aware of their vulnerability and the risks they might incur by signing a form. Although they claimed to understand what they were signing, such comprehension could not be verified. It is impossible to determine whether someone, with or without dementia, is 100% informed and understands the content of the consent form. Nonetheless, they expressed their agreement and this should be taken into account. The desire to participate in the study and the agreement provided via the signed consent form were also highly dependent on the circumstances of the exchange, the informant's emotional state at that precise moment and his/her desire to please the researcher.
All the informants gave their consent for the use of a tape recorder. One user agreed to the recording, but specified that he would sign the informed consent form at the end of the interview, which he finally refused to do, which led to his exclusion, as stated above.
The first exchanges between the researcher and the informants revealed some clues about the personality and general attitude of the users towards caregivers. For example, one person, who seemed very reluctant to be interviewed, also appeared to have a general attitude of refusing help. Some informants' great enthusiasm about the interview possibly revealed a need for human exchanges and feelings of solitude or abandonment. From the very first moments, when consent to the interview was discussed, informants' attitudes clearly revealed their sense of self-determined identity. In addition, the refusals confirmed that the case managers did not direct the researcher only to users who agreed to participate.
The interview itself
Defining the level of interaction
Any inconvenience engendered by the interview had to be limited as much as possible. This required limiting the number of questions, thereby steering the interview towards what might be perceived as a teacher–pupil interaction. Thus, the interview began with very general topics, such as, 'To begin, since I don't know you, I'd like you to tell me a bit about yourself, whatever you feel is important, so that I can get to know you'. Thereafter, the interview was oriented towards the informants' daily lives, asking questions about their daily routines and then asking them to talk about their needs and problems, and, if possible, on how case management contributed to their situation.
Upon hearing the informants' narratives about their situations, the researcher felt mixed emotions, somewhere between empathy and compassion for them, and also a sort of guilty conscience described by Izard.[16] The researcher had the sensation of betraying them, by listening to their difficulties and leaving them without providing help.
The users' ways of speaking gives insight into their general attitudes towards services: prolific informants
According to Wenger (p. 265), older people are 'willing to help and really like the company'.[15] Indeed, the users in our study were, for the most part, relatively isolated individuals (partially explaining why they were case-management users) and the study provided them with a unique opportunity to talk about themselves. For many, the researcher appeared to be the only person to visit them simply to listen to them, without formulating any particular request. For these individuals, case managers co-ordinating users' lives with home caregivers or simply asking questions could be experienced as a form of aggression. For some informants, the researcher seemed to provide an opportunity to express themselves on subjects of importance to them other than housekeeping and often forsaken by their usual visitors.
Going with the flow and maintaining control of the interview
Most informants took advantage of an unrestrictive interlocutor's presence to monopolise the conversation.
All informants tended to turn the conversation towards their life stories. This was highly informative because comprehension of the complex living situations was often related to past events in their lives. However, the informants' pleasure had to be managed, because their stories did not always concern the research topics. Although frail, several informants exhibited remarkable abilities to control the interview and orient it towards the themes of their choice. Depending on the intellectual, emotional and behavioural characteristics at the moment of the interview, they used a variety of strategies to achieve that goal. One female informant was very directive, interrupting the researcher as soon as he attempted to redirect the conversation with phrases like, 'Wait, I'm just finishing ...' or 'No, but I haven't talked about ...' So, her interview lasted nearly 1 hour and 45 minutes, during which she systematically ignored all the researcher's questions or attempts to refocus the discussion.
Two other informants used a different strategy to retain their turn in the conversation by directing their comments/responses towards important affective events in their lives, such as the death of a spouse, that prevented the researcher from interrupting. Having rapidly understood the researcher's obligation to listen to them, the informants, despite their frailty, were highly skilled in interacting. These people, whose power to act on their environments and others had considerably diminished, found the research interview to be a way of exercising a form of authority, obliging the researcher to either listen to them or accept their refusal to participate.
The informants' role-playing
During an interview, as in all types of social interactions, part of the protagonist's identity comes into play.[17] A stage is set up between the speakers, in which both attempt to save face, preserve their image and gain recognition through their self-proclaimed identity. For these informants, the research interview provided an opportunity to project themselves as they would like others to perceive them.
Accessing users through case-management services was non-neutral. The users were targeted by the service because of their difficulties with everyday activities. So the informants strove to distance themselves from their situation of 'aid receiver' by strongly distinguishing between their current context and their identity. Therefore, they projected positive aspects of themselves throughout their narration. Their denial of difficulties and refusal of assistance could partially be explained by this claimed identity. Their reluctant recognition or belittling of the case manager's work can be analysed in part by their self-projected image, which consisted of not attaching importance to this assistance or to their daily difficulties. By doing so, they frequently denied responsibility for their difficulties and placed the blame on a physician or caregiver they deemed to be incompetent. When they talked about the aid they received, they claimed it was not very helpful or saw it as unimportant.
Considering ethical and scientific perspectives, interviewing case-management users appeared to be a very useful way to evaluate the service's performance. Nevertheless, old people with complex living conditions did not constitute an easy population to work with. The informants included had their own reasons to participate in the research that determined their behaviour and words during the interaction. Discussing their difficulties with them and understanding their representations of case management was extremely complicated, when they did not want to accept their needs or wanted to project themselves as being fully autonomous.
Paying attention to the informant's subjective experience implies analysing their words in the light of the context in which the interview was conducted. From this perspective, the elderly with complex living conditions were able to dominate the interaction by using different strategies, like playing on the researcher's compassion.
Finally, the most informative point in terms of methodological reflection is the manner in which the specificities and difficulties of a qualitative interview with this type of informant is, in itself, a source of data that can contribute to better understanding this population, questioning our own research methods and the issues targeted by our study.
Concerning the user's mental representation of case management, a reflexive analysis of the methodology and the informants' attitudes during the research interview re-established the subject's position. Indeed, although the informants were first perceived as beneficiaries of an experimental service, they also proved to be major actors in that service, by refusing it and/or minimising the aid received. These findings can constitute an important line of research.
The authors thank the National Foundation of Gerontology, and research partners at the Unit of Clinical Research of Paris Ouest, Professor Gilles Chatellier, Professor Pierre Durieux and Dr Noe¨l Lucas. In addition, the PRISMA-France pilot project was made possible by the investment of national, regional, departmental and local partners at each of the three pilot sites (Paris 20th arrondissement, Haut-Rhin, Essonne).
Turner BJ and Cuttler L. The complexity of measuring clinical complexity. Annals of Internal Medicine 2011; 155:851–2.
Somme D, Trouve´ H, Couturier Y et al. PRISMA France: implementation program of an innovation in health and services system for disabled people. Adaptation of a casemanagement based integration model. Revue d'Epidemiologie et de Sante´ Publique 2008;56:54–62.
Sargent P, Pickard S, Sheaff R et al. Patient and carer perceptions of case management for long-term conditions. Health and Social Care in the Community 2007;15:511–19.
Brown K, Stainer K, Stewart J et al. Older people with complex long-term health conditions. Their views on the community matron service: a qualitative study. Quality in Primary Care 2008;16:409–17.
Williams V, Smith A, Chapman L et al. Community matrons: an exploratory study of patients' views and experiences. Journal of Advanced Nursing 2011;67:86– 93.
Corvol A, Balard F, Moutel G and Somme D. Refusal of care faced by case manager from elderly person in complex situation: cross perspectives. Revue de Me´decine Interne, 2013, in press.
Hellstro¨m I, Nolan M, Nordenfelt L et al. Ethical and methodological issues in interviewing persons with dementia. Nursing Ethics 2007;14:608–18.
Cotrell V. The perspective of patient with Alzheimer's disease: a neglected dimension of dementia research. The Gerontologist 1993;33:205–11.
Kaufmann J-C. L'Enqueˆte et ses Me´thodes, L'Entretien Compre´hensif. Armand Collin: Paris, 2007.
Warren C. Qualitative interviewing. In: Holstein JA and Gubrium JF (eds) Handbook of Interview Research, Context and Method. Sage: London, 2001, pp. 83–103.
Laplantine F (1993) Anthropologie de la Maladie. Payot: Paris.
Cowdell F (2008). Engaging older people with dementia in research: myth or possibility. International Journal of Older People Nursing 2008;3:29–34.
Balard F. Les PlusA ˆ ge´s desA ˆ ge´s, une Culture Vivante aux Portes de la Mort, Analyse Ethno-Anthropologique d'une Population en Devenir. Editions Universitaires Europe ´ennes: Sarrebruck, 2010.
Johnson JM. In-depth interviewing. In: Holstein JA and Gubrium JF (eds) Handbook of Interview Research, Context and Method. Sage: London, 2001, pp. 103–21.
Wenger G. Interviewing older people. In: Holstein JA and Gubrium JF (eds) Handbook of Interview Research, Context and Method. Sage: London, 2001, pp. 259–79.
Izard M. Me´thode Ethnographique. In: Bonte P and Izard M (eds) Dictionnaire de l'Ethnologie et de l'Anthropologie. PUF: Paris, 2000, p. 842.
Goffman E. Les Rites d'Interaction. E´ ditions de Minuit: Paris, 1974.
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text:
What is Forging? The Ins And Outs of Squishing Aluminum Into Pistons
When it comes to overall strength, there's no beating a forged piston. But what is the process that yields the toughest parts in the racing world? We'll show you. When it comes to turning raw metal alloys into useful things, two processes dominate - casting and forging. Both have their place, but when strength and light weight are priorities, forging is the method of choice. Though it's been around for more than six millennia, forging processes continue to advance the state of the art, bringing us everything from sharper, more durable kitchen knives to more fuel efficient jet engines, plus things much closer to our heart: lighter, stronger pistons.
Although forging is a metalworking process thousands of years old, it's still the best method to produce components with the highest strength and durability.
Forging is defined as the controlled deformation of metal into a desired shape by compressive force. At its most basic, it's a blacksmith working a piece with a hammer and anvil, and those first metalworkers toiling at their forges discovered something important about the pieces they were crafting – compared to similar objects made from melted and cast metal, they were stronger and more durable. Though they knew the finished product was superior, what those ancient smiths didn't suspect was that the act of forging was changing the internal grain structure of the metal, aligning it to the direction of force being applied, and making it stronger, more ductile, and giving it higher resistance to impact and fatigue. While a cast metal part will have a homogeneous, random grain structure, forging can intentionally direct that structure in ways that give a finished part the highest structural integrity of any metalworking process.
Wiseco forged pistons start as raw bar stock in certified 2618 or 4032 aluminum alloy. Once they're cut into precisely-sized 'pucks' they're ready to be preheated in preparation for forging.
Although many performance enthusiasts might put billet parts at the top of the heap in terms of desirability, the reality is that the billet they are created from has none of the directional grain properties of a forging. For high performance applications, there's simply no better choice than a forged component.
The Wiseco Forging Process
Today's state of the art in forging technology is far removed from the smith's bellows-stoked fire and anvil. In Wiseco's ISO 9000-certified forging facility, pistons begin life as certified grade aluminum bar stock, cut to precise lengths to form slugs. The choice of material is critical - conventional wisdom has always said that a forged piston requires additional piston-to-bore clearance to allow for expansion, leading to noise from piston slap until the engine gets up to temperature, but per Wiseco's Research and Development Manager David Fussner, "Forged pistons do require additional room temperature clearance. However, the 4032 forging alloy we use has about 12% silicon content, and this significantly controls the expansion to nearly the same as a 12% silicon cast piston. The 2618 alloy expands a bit more and does require a bit more room temperature clearance than 4032."
Pistons are forged in a 'backwards extrusion' process where a moving punch presses the raw material into the die to form the rough shape. The process takes only a fraction of a second (longer in the isothermic press), and the speed of the press helps determine how material flows, and therefore the internal grain structure of the forging.
While 4032 is more dimensionally stable across the typical operating temperature range seen inside an engine, it does give up a small advantage in ductility to 2618, which has a silicon content of less than 0.2 percent. This makes 2618 a better choice for applications where detonation may be an issue, like race engines running high boost or large doses of nitrous oxide. The low silicon alloy's more forgiving nature in these instances makes up for the tradeoffs in increased wear and shorter service life compared to 4032.
Once cut to the proper size, slugs are heated to a predetermined temperature and moved to the forging press itself, which is also maintained at a controlled temperature. There are two different types of presses employed at Wiseco; mechanical and hydraulic. Both have a long history in manufacturing, and each has specific strengths. Mechanical forging presses are well-suited to high production rates, helping to keep the overall cost of high-quality forged components affordable. Hydraulic presses have the advantage of variable speed and force throughout the process, allowing greater control of material flow, which can be used to produced forged components with even more precisely controlled physical properties.
Wiseco's isothermal hydraulic press forges use precise digital control of the temperature of the raw material, the punch, and the die, as well as the pressure exerted during the full motion of the forge. This allows very close control over the physical properties of the finished forging.
Once the puck (left) has been transformed into a forged blank (middle), it still has a ways to go before becoming a completed piston (right).
Once the forging process is complete, the components next move to heat treatment. Wiseco's aerospace-grade heat treatment facility is located in the same plant as the presses, and here the pistons go through a carefully controlled process of heating and cooling that relieves stress induced during forging, increases the overall strength and ductility of the metal, and provides the desired surface hardness characteristics.
Looking for a set of forged pistons? See the full catalogue here.
While casting can deliver parts straight out of the mold that are very close to their final shape, forgings require a bit more attention in order to get them into shape. Fussner explains, "In a dedicated forging for a specific purpose, the interior of the forging blank is at near-net as it comes off the forging press. And in some cases, we also forge the dome near-net with valve pockets and some other features. Other than these items, most other features do require machining."
In addition to strength, forged pistons are much closer to their net shape before machining even begins. These Pro Tru Street pistons have valve pockets and domes forged into them, which reduces the amount of machining required and subsequently their cost.
One basic forging may serve as the starting point for many different types of finished pistons, unlike castings which are typically unique to a single design or a small group of very similar designs. Regardless of the manufacturing method for the piston blank, some degree of final machining needs to take place to create a finished part. "As a ballpark percentage, I would say about 75% of the forging blank would require machining." Cast pistons also require finish work on the CNC machine, but this is almost always less extensive than a similar forged piston. "That's the main reason why forged pistons are more expensive than a cast piston," Fussner adds.
Forged pistons generally require more finish machining than cast slugs, which accounts for the difference in cost. The strength advantage of forged components more than outweighs the additional expense.
Another reason for the added expense of forging is the significant cost of the initial tooling for the die and punch, which must be made to exacting specifications and be durable enough to survive countless forging press cycles. Per Fussner, "We control these costs by making all our forging tooling in house at Wiseco headquarters in Mentor, Ohio." The ability to make their own tooling, doing their own forging, and their in-house heat treatment facilities make Wiseco the only aftermarket forged piston manufacturer in the United States with these unique capabilities. Once the machining process is complete, Wiseco pistons can also receive a number of different proprietary coatings to fine-tune their performance. These include thermal barriers as well as wear reduction treatments. Though forging is a technique literally as old as the Iron Age, it's still the undisputed king of manufacturing techniques for light, strong, durable components. Wiseco continues to refine the process with the latest methods, materials, heat treatment, and machining to provide the highest quality aftermarket components available, at an affordable price.
Wiseco forged pistons provide superior quality and performance at an affordable price thanks to the company's close control over every step of the manufacturing process.


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Although I belong to the joint family that consists of 5 members my grandfather, grandmother, father, mother and myself.
Eventhough by the grace of the God, we are living our life very much happily and with strong banding. Though from my elementary till now, I have got a keen interest in reading and writing and I always treat them my happiest.
Hence in my matriculation, I usually write down numerous stories, poetries, and assignments from the school.
Unluckily there was a tragedy in my house when I was in my high school and we lost our grandfather and that was the saddest situation of my whole family. And my whole family was in deep panic and stress.
Certainly, after that, I always think about my grandfather the whole day because I missed him very much along with his memories and his support towards me. Apparently one day, I was wondering about my grandfather the whole day because I missed him very much along with his memories and his support towards me.
Initially, in that book, I was going to mention the education career and how much achievements he gained in his whole life.
Probably and about his professional career, that he has worked for enormous owners and companies for around 30 years. And he always won numerous awards at his workplaces.
Lovingly despite from education and professional career, I want to mention about his social welfare activities in his life more likely blood donation, helping needy people, keeping the city clean, green and providing shelter to the homeless people along with the food and other daily necessities.
Eventually, apart from all that, I want to mention about his good qualities towards his family growth and how he usually fulfill his responsibilities.
Gratefully this is the book that I want to write down about the biography of my grandfather. I want to write this book to keep the memories of my grandfather alive and this book will always keep my grandfather along with me.
Describe about a book that I want to write in Future. Describe about a book that I want to write in Future. Describe about a book that I want to write in Future. Describe about a book that I want to write in Future.


It's been a really busy couple of weeks, and I am taking this weekend to catch up on various things, relax a bit, and remind myself what Inverness looks like. Thankfully there are few travels between now and the wedding, which will be nice.
During my work in Edinburgh, I had a reception to attend at the Scottish Parliament, a controversial building which I had already concluded was immensely ugly on the outside. This having been my first venture inside, I sadly have to reach the same conclusion about the interior too. It's curious, though, and I'd have loved to have taken some photos but stupidly I forgot my camera. Maybe I'll get a chance to go back in, camera in hand, and suss the place out at my leisure, and perhaps even change my mind about the place.
While mingling around, spotting colleagues, the occasional famous face and a few old friends, an MSP approached me and introduced himself. He told me where he represented, and said he was also his party's spokesman for something or other. I asked if he enjoyed that portfolio.
"No, I absolutely hate it," came the refreshingly honest reply.
Later in a restaurant with colleagues, Scotland's Deputy First Minister Nicola Sturgeon was just a few tables away.
Saturday 31 October 2009 in Personal, Politics and news.
I really like the sound of that honest politician!


The root cause for the problem above is, that a program has stolen the .jar association. If you have installed the Java Runtime Environment the first time, the file type called 'jar' is assigned to javaw.exe correctly. 'jar' is an abbreviation for 'java archive' and javaw.exe is the correct program to execute a .jar.
However, on Windows any other program can steal a file type at any time even it is already associated with a program. Many archive managers prefer to do this, because a jar is stored in the .zip format.
If you doubleclick on a .jar, your pack program opens the file, rather than javaw runs the program, because your pack program ignores the meta information which is also stored in a .jar.
In the Sun bug database there is report 4912211 'add mechanism to restore hijacked .jar and .jnlp file extensions', but it has been closed as 'Closed, will not be fixed'.
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text:
Bludgeoned to death: Fears of vigilante attack as child kidnap suspect found murdered in his home
John Roberts died from head injuries inflicted just three days after he appearing in court charged with child abduction
Jeremy Armstrong
Killed: John Roberts was found dead at his home (Image: Northumbria Police)
A man described by locals as a "loner" was found murdered in his home days after appearing in court for kidnapping a 14-year-old girl.
John Roberts, 32 – who was due to plead guilty to the abduction charge – died of head injuries after being beaten to death.
His battered body was discovered at the weekend in his house in Winlaton, Gateshead.
There are fears that the killing may have been the work of a vigilante.
Bearded Mr Roberts had appeared at Newcastle crown court three days earlier on a child abduction charge for which he faced up to seven years in jail.
Police say they are keeping an open mind about the motive for his murder.
Activity: Police outside his house after the attack (Image: North News & Pictures)
Det Chief Insp Christina Barrett added: "Officers discovered John Roberts' body inside his home address and a postmortem showed he died as a result of head injuries.
"Mr Roberts' last confirmed sighting was on Thursday. We are keen to speak to anyone who may have see him or spoken to him since then.
"He is well known in the local area and quite distinctive looking due to his long hair and long beard."
Neighbours claimed he was "odd" and that teenage girls were often seen at his two-bedroom house.
Gemma Ellis, 28, shop assistant at the local Lifestyle Express store, said: "His nickname was Badge. He was a bit of a loner.
"There was something odd about him. He used to buy a lot of chocolate and crisps. Young girls would come and go from his house. They were 17 or 18.
"Last week he came into the shop and said he was up at court. He wouldn't say what for. I thought he was a bit strange."
Fellow store worker Lakhvir Kaur, 32, added: "His clothes were ripped and I don't think he had a job."
A local resident added: "He would hang around with undesirables. He sold dodgy footie tickets and counterfeit goods."
Investigation: Forensics officer at his terraced home (Image: North news)
Mum-of-four Nikki Hodgson, 38, claimed the nickname "Badge" came from the fake Newcastle United badge on his T-shirts.
She added: "He was not a nice man, I didn't want him anywhere near my children. I have seen him give drugs to teenagers.
"You see them knocking on his door and him handing them things.
"I'm not surprised something like this has happened. I'm only surprised it didn't happen sooner.
"I know it might sound terrible, but I'm glad he won't be around any more."
Roberts was last week accused of taking a child without lawful authority in September this year.
It is believed the alleged victim was reported missing and later found with Mr Roberts.
His barrister Rachel Hedworth said at the time: "There will, in due course, be a guilty plea entered."
Northumbria Police urge anyone with information about the case to call them on 101, or Crimestoppers on 0800 555 111.
Northumbria Police
Search for missing man and dog scaled down after CCTV shows them being swept out to sea
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Ten new mass Covid vaccination centres open today - see how close you are to one
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Dancing On Ice viewers slam 'miserable' Jamie Vardy as wife Rebekah makes debut
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LIVE: FBI warn of armed protests ahead of Donald Trump's tumultuous four-year presidency coming to an end
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UK to be battered by 2 months of rain in a day as risk to life warnings issued for Brits
Met OfficeThere have been reports that as much as two months of rainfall could fall in a single day after forecasters issued both yellow and amber weather warnings for rain


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Q: How to get support of thymeleaf for Intellij Idea 13 I am searching support of thymeleaf for Intellij Idea 13. what is the elegant procedure to add support in Intellij Idea?

A: You can get autocomplete support for thymeleaf in Idea by using settings > file types, remove *.html from the HTML files section and add *.html to XHTML files section.


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Dr Maria Long, c/o National Parks and Wildlife Service, Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage, 90 King Street North, Dublin, D07 N7CV
Mr Kyle Hunter, Department of Agriculture, Environment and Rural Affairs, Northern Ireland Environment Agency, Countryside, Coast and Landscape Unit, Klondyke Building, Cromac Avenue, Gasworks Business Park, Lower Ormeau Road, Belfast, BT7 2JA
Ms Pauline Campbell, Department of Agriculture, Environment and Rural Affairs, Northern Ireland Environment Agency, Biodiversity Conservation Science Unit, Klondyke Building, Cromac Avenue, Gasworks Business Park, Lower Ormeau Road, Belfast, BT7 2JA
Mr Nigel Monaghan, National Museum of Ireland – Natural History, Merrion Street, Dublin, D02 F627
Sectional Editors (for all submissions to INJ, please contact the Editor in the first instance using the email address above)
Botany: Dr Tom Curtis
Invertebrate Zoology: Dr Tom Bolger, University College Dublin
Vertebrate Zoology: Dr Colin Lawton, Department of Zoology, NUI, Galway; Dr Denise O'Meara, Waterford Institute of Technology; Dave Wall, National Biodiversity Data Centre, Waterford
Entomology: Dr Brian Nelson, National Parks and Wildlife Service, Dublin
Geology and Palaeontology: Nigel Monaghan, National Museum of Ireland – Natural History, Dublin
Book Reviews: Dr Julian Reynolds, Emeritus Fellow Trinity College Dublin
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DSActive
A Registered Charity No. 1061474
phone: 0333 12_12 300
email: dsactive@downs-syndrome.org.uk
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Down2Earth Magazine
Roy Hodgson leads Down's Syndrome Eagles Training Session
The DS Eagles team got a very big surprise at one of their weekly training sessions recently – Crystal Palace manager, Roy Hodgson!
Crystal Palace manager Roy Hodgson is used to running training sessions, but he took charge of a different squad recently. He surprised the Down's Syndrome Eagles team at their weekly session. He helped players with their shooting skills and he refereed a match.
Photo credit from The PHA Grou
"This group are just fantastic, their enthusiasm, their humanity and their affection, it's very difficult not to enjoy their company. When I was asked to come here tonight, I was more than happy and it's great to see them all again.
"Our Foundation does a wonderful job, and you can see how much the children enjoy it and how good the coaches are with the young players, so it's 100% positive.
"It's not just about coaching, it's about enjoyment, pure and simple. The main thing is that they go home each week having really enjoyed it, having had fun and a lot of encouragement and positivity." Roy Hodgson
Palace for Life Foundation's Eagles team has been together for five years, training weekly and taking part in friendly matches and tournaments against other clubs. Sessions are based around football skills and motor skills such as agility and coordination, but also importantly helps players to develop their social and communication skills.
"Sometimes when you're working at the top level, you forget the real basics of what football means to people, we get caught up in the winning and the losing and the hype around the professional game, but really football is this, it's people coming out with their children on a cold autumn night and watching them enjoy themselves, with no worries about anything other than that." Roy Hodgson
https://twitter.com/BBCMOTD/status/1211319787810381824
The DS Eagles were also treated to a visit from Palace Women's players Freya Holdaway and Ashlee Hincks, who joined in with the training session and played in the match alongside the players. Freya and Ashlee invited the players to be mascots at their game against London City Lionesses on FA Women's Football Weekend 23rd-24th November 2019.
"It was an absolute pleasure to be here tonight, I think we enjoyed it more than the players! They're so enthusiastic and proud to play for Palace. We're really excited to see them again on Sunday, when they'll be walking out alongside the team." Ashlee Hincks
"The young people who come here want to play football and they don't always have the opportunity to do that in mainstream teams. Here, they are welcome straight away. For these players to represent Palace is such an incredible thing for them." Palace for Life Foundation's Disability Manager, Michael Harrington
A big thank you to PalaceForLife, Crystal Palace FC and The PHA Group.
To find a session near a DSActive session near you click here or if you've been inspired to set up your own DSActive session, you can email the DSActive team to find out how.
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A top non-bank FCM engaged PhillipCapital for omnibus-level correspondent clearing of Asian markets – specifically BURSA, SGX, TFEX and TOCOM. They chose PhillipCapital due to our extensive clearing memberships in the Asian region and our ability to customize according to their needs.
Working with CQG, we were able to create customized order routes for these exchanges that were mapped directly to the client's CAST environment. This solution provided PhillipCapital omnibus-level risk management that is seamless to the client, while they are able to directly manage access to these markets for their end-users. On the clearing side, PhillipCapital was able to provide the client customized files that included the client's clearing account number to allocate their specific trades to the right customer. The client uploads the file into their back office system and the trades are able to seamlessly flow thru their environment.
A large multinational commercial food processing company's hedging department chose PhillipCapital through one of our IB's for clearing agricultural products. One of the reasons the IB brought the company to PhillipCapital was our strong financial standing and longevity in the business (40 years.) PhillipCapital had to also go through the commercial food processing company's credit reviews before being approved to be their clearer.
To service this type of institutional client PhillipCapital opened several sub accounts rolling all of the sub accounts into their main account for margining. We provide them with a sweep of their account every night and margin settlement the next morning. PhillipCapital provided them with customized preliminary trade reports several times a day to assist in their hedging. In addition to these customized services we offered them an extremely competitive rate.
In addition to providing them with the ability to use our back office system, we also helped them with the various steps that go into establishing a U.S. FCM, including initial compliance support, IT setup and back office training. After about six months of working together, the firm started clearing their own trades.
PhillipCapital created a unique CME executing firm id to facilitate Globex Credit Controls and kill switch access only for this client.
The client provided PhillipCapital separate, unique access to their internal risk management platform.
With these two solutions in hand, PhillipCapital was able to create customized procedures specific to this client that were incorporated into the daily procedures for both sides. Once the client was on board PhillipCapital provided assistance navigating the CME regulatory requirements as they pertain to DMA clientele, including applicable CME rules and advisory notices.
We conducted extensive testing together with the customer which included adding a trade and removing it, changing limits and ensured that the kill switch worked before approving the customer for live trading.
We continue to assist them in the testing of their risk management system which limits their traders to certain products and position limits.
A well-established retail focused independent introducing broker that offers many popular trading platforms at a highly discounted commission rate chose PhillipCapital to clear their customers' trades. They chose PhillipCapital due to our strong financial stability, strong Asian presence, and IT expertise.
In order to become their clearer, we were required to ensure that new accounts could be processed and opened within half a day, so we worked internally to automate several aspects of our application process and made improvements to our online application. We also worked closely with their internal new accounts and operations department to improve our account opening process. PhillipCapital customized an online application to work with their current systems and procedures. In addition, PhillipCapital now provides the firm specialized customized daily reports for their IT department. The customized reports extended to their IT department and finance departments as well as integrating into their CRM system providing a seamless interface to the current sales team to keep track of the status of their leads.


Irving Penn's portraits found in Small Trades served as the inception of the design process. The uniforms showcased in the series highlight the unique relationship between profession and identity.
The Peter Do Spring Summer 2019 collection explores this notion with an elevated return to daywear, with an emphasis on design and construction. Traditional concepts such as shirting and tailoring are reinvented through hand worked techniques and modern fabrics, underlining the intersection between craft and comfort.


Having left Sète some 50 kilometres prior, we leave the shade of the centennial plane trees along the Canal du Midi behind to bike over the surreal Pont-Canal de l'Orb. This 1857 aqueduct, both bridge and canal, was built so that boats with their precious wheat cargo would avoid being tumbled over in a violent rafting adventure along the Orb River and its moody droughts or floods throughout the year.
With the massive Gothic cathedral of Saint Nazaire in Béziers overlooking the river to our right, a pleasure boat navigates silently like suspended in mid-air, roughly 12 metres above the Orb River. Just as we are, it is making its way to a masterpiece of engineering and the highlight of the Canal du Midi: the 9 locks of Fonseranes (les neuf écluses de Fonseranes).
Struggling on our bikes to get to the highest lock without setting foot on the ground, we clearly feel the great elevation difference between the first and the ninth lock: 21.6 metres over a length of only 312 metres.
Inaugurated in 1681, after 14 years of hard work digging with shovels and pickaxes, the 240-kilometre canal connects the Atlantic Ocean to the Mediterranean Sea by linking the Garonne River in Toulouse to Sète on the Mediterranean seaside. It allowed boats to avoid the long navigation around the Iberian Peninsula and the dangerous pirate-infested strait of Gibraltar by cutting the journey by about 5000 kilometres. More importantly for the French king Louis XIV, it deprived the kingdom of Spain of its transport tax and increased the taxes collected in France. The genius behind the canal was not even an engineer, but a passionate and persistent salt tax collector from Béziers: Pierre-Paul Riquet who could convince the king, and realize a project that had been dreamed of since the antiquity and the Roman emperor Augustus.
Beyond dams, the 63 locks, the 7 aqueducts, the 350 bridges, and the first tunnel for boats in Malpas, Riquet's real breakthrough was finding a way to water the canal, and more specifically its highest point at 189 metres above sea level in Naurouze. To do so, he gathered water from about a dozen streams in the Black Mountain (La Montagne Noire) in the very south of the Massif Central into a reservoir big enough to water the whole canal, also building world's largest dam at the time at the Saint Ferréol retention lake.
Today, the Canal du Midi is only used for pleasure boating: 10,000 of them queue between March and October to cross this chef d'œuvre of ingenuity and engineering. Just like back then, travellers can rest in the coche d'eau, the houses built along the canal that were used by tow-men, boat captains and travellers of the time. The first class dining room made place for a gastronomic restaurant with a fantastic view on the majestic cathedral of Saint Nazaire in Béziers. In the newly renovated coche d'eau, rooms where passengers spent the night right above the tow horses host an immersive movie about the history of the canal. The gardens where the families operating the locks used to grow their vegetables provide a peaceful viewpoint immerged in Mediterranean scents of fig trees, cypresses, rosemary bushes, home to many loud cicadas.
Among many visitors intrigued by this UNESCO World Heritage Site, we observe how a few vessels are slowly lifted up from one basin to the next, thanks to a well-orchestrated opening and closing of the successive locks, before continuing our biking adventure to the unique Malpas tunnel.
The renovation of the site of the locks of Fonseranes makes it a great place to visit. We strongly recommend you to watch the immersive movie that sums up the challenges Riquet went through in a ludic way to learn more about this impressive site and the canal.
The gastronomic restaurant in the coche d'eau offers a fantastic view on Béziers and should be booked ahead.
The Canal du Midi can be biked along or navigated on. Should you choose to bike it, its rather flat terrain makes it a long but easy ride, that is even easier starting from Toulouse. Click here for our article series about the Canal du Midi!
Sète and Toulouse are well connected by inter-city trains, so it makes it a good option to bike one way and ride the train back.
The Canal du Midi goes by the medieval city of Carcassonne that is definitely a must-visit.
Mel recalls when he lived in his grandfather's home, the family had a large puzzle picture of houseboats being pulled along a canal. His grandfather said to him it was in "Farance" – guess it was the local way of pronouncing France. Some day we will do the canal journey!


What Are Some Remedies for a Dry, Rough Tongue?
Some remedies for a dry, rough tongue include taking a sip of water, breathing through the nose, adding moisture to the air and chewing sugar-free gum. Dry, rough tongue is a symptom of a condition referred to as dry mouth. This condition occurs when glands that make saliva do not function properly, notes MedicineNet.
Some of the functions of saliva include protecting the teeth from decay, help in food digestion, protection against infections and facilitating the processes of chewing and swallowing. If the salivary glands do not produce enough saliva, the result is a dry mouth.
A dry mouth is characterized by a sticky, dry feeling in the mouth and a dry, rough tongue. Other symptoms include a burning sensation in the mouth, development of sores, cracking of the lips, possible occurrence of a mouth infection and trouble chewing.
A dry mouth can be remedied by occasionally taking a sip of water to moisten the tongue. When the air in a room is dry the symptoms may become worse. This can be remedied by adding moisture by the use of a humidifier. Over-the-counter saliva substitutes may help reduce most of the symptoms of dry mouth.
Individuals with the flu tend to breathe through their mouths instead of the nose. This may worsen the symptoms of a dry mouth. Be sure to breathe through the nose. Avoid smoking and alcohol as these may worsen the condition, according to Mayo Clinic.
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Q: Why is my LUKS partition mounted without asking for a passphrase? On my system, I have two encrypted disks:

*

*crypt containing the root partition of raspbian stretch

*usb-crypt is an external usb disk. LVM is used on that disk.

Both disks are protected using the same passphrase, but the master key is different according to "cryptsetup luksDump". Neither of the two disks are configured using a key file (only one key slot is used for each LUKS container).
When the system is booting, it is asking for the passphrase of "crypt", but usb-crypt is automatically mounted without asking for a passphrase. Note: I started with an unencrypted root partition, and with that setup, I was asked for the passphrase of usb-crypt during boot.
Here is the detailed setup:
$ sudo dmsetup ls --target crypt
crypt   (254, 0)
usb-crypt       (254, 1)

$ sudo cat /etc/fstab
/dev/mmcblk0p1  /boot           vfat    defaults          0       2
/dev/mapper/crypt  /            ext4    defaults,noatime  0       1
# ...
UUID=b9fb061f-0877-4d2c-bd3c-9c155b8f88a5       /mountpoint       ext4            rw,auto                 0       0

$ sudo cat /etc/crypttab
# <target name> <source device>         <key file>      <options>
crypt   /dev/mmcblk0p2  none    luks
usb-crypt       UUID=31fb8df7-6148-4408-90a2-93b8ec752fa0       none    luks

While having only to type the passphrase once is convenient, I am surprised seeing this behaviour. I'd have expected to be asked for both passphrases.
Is this related to using the same passphrase on both disks? Or is the master key of the usb disk automatically saved somewhere in the encrypted root partition of "crypt"? I'd appreciate if someone could explain what's going on here and maybe give some hints to relevant log files, etc.
Thanks in advance!

A: Depends on what the init script that asks the password of you is doing with it.
If it's systemd, it might just be a feature. systemd-ask-password comes with a cache functionality that might be responsible.
https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd-ask-password.html

--accept-cached

    If passed, accept cached passwords, i.e. passwords previously entered.

--multiple

    When used in conjunction with --accept-cached accept multiple passwords.
    This will output one password per line.

In this fashion it would first try the passwords you already entered, and only ask for another passwords if that didn't work.
The downside of such an idea is that checking a password takes 1 second of CPU time with LUKS, so if you had a lot of LUKS containers, these attempts might slow you down. But most people have only one or two and it's actually not uncommon for them to use the same passphrase.
I actually couldn't locate the source code specifically responsible for this, so the above is only conjecture and I have no idea if this is a feature you could choose to disable somehow.

Found what seems to be the responsible code, see it here on Github.
There's a for loop that starts with tries = 0 and increments tries by one each iteration.
This loop calls get_password() with bool accept_cached set to true if tries == 0 && !arg_verify. So if there are already passwords cached in the first iteration of the loop, it will just return the cached passwords. If those don't work, next iteration with tries == 1 sets accept_cached to false and only then it will ask you to provide another passphrase to try with.
The list of passwords is passed on to attach_luks_or_plain(). This will be the previously cached password(s) in the first iteration, and the single new password in all following ones, so it won't re-try previously tried passwords (unless perhaps if you keep typing in the same one).
As for keeping passwords plaintext in memory, the list of passwords is declared as a _cleanup_strv_free_erase_ char **passwords = NULL; so that at least makes it sounds like cleanup will be taken care of properly at some point.
Keys are always in memory somewhere, that much can't be helped, crypt needs masterkey to work, as long as the container is open, you can always see it with dmsetup table --showkeys.

It seems like you normally have arg_tries = 3 three attempts to enter a working passphrase, but if you have multiple containers and the cached passwords didn't work, it will only give you two tries to enter the passphrase, since the cached password attempt already counts as the first try. I have no encrypted systemd machine to test if this is true or I'm just misreading the code somewhere.


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