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Home » 05/22/16 Doug McVay
05/22/16 Doug McVay
We speak with author and journalist Maia Szalavitz about addiction, overdose, and her new book Unbroken Brain; plus we talk about criminal justice with death row DNA exoneree Kirk Bloodsworth.
Doug McVay
Drug War Facts
Download: col052216.mp3
DEAN BECKER: The failure of drug war is glaringly obvious to judges, cops, wardens, prosecutors, and millions more now calling for for decriminalization, legalization, the end of prohibition. Let us investigate the Century Of Lies.
DOUG MCVAY: Hello, and welcome to Century Of Lies. Century Of Lies is a production of the Drug Truth Network for the Pacifica Foundation Radio Network, on the web at DrugTruth.net. I'm your host Doug McVay, editor of DrugWarFacts.org.
I recently had the opportunity to interview the journalist and author Maia Szalavitz. Maia Szalavitz is one of the premier American journalists covering addiction and drugs. She's co-author of Born for Love and The Boy Who Was Raised as a Dog, both with Dr. Bruce D. Perry. Her book Help at Any Cost is the first book-length exposé of the tough love business that dominates addiction treatment. She writes for TIME.com, VICE, the New York Times, Scientific American Mind, Elle, Psychology Today, and Marie Claire, among others.
Maia's new book is called Unbroken Brain: A Revolutionary New Way of Understanding Addiction. Challenging both the idea of the addict's broken brain and the notion of a simple addictive personality, Unbroken Brain offers a radical and groundbreaking new perspective, arguing that addictions are learning disorders and shows how seeing the condition this way can untangle our current debates over treatment, prevention, and policy. Like autistic traits, addictive behaviors fall on a spectrum, and they can be a normal response to an extreme situation. By illustrating what addiction is, and is not, the book illustrates how timing, history, family, peers, culture, and chemicals come together to create both illness and recovery, and why there is no addictive personality or single treatment that works for all. Combining Maia's personal story with a distillation of more than 25 years of science and research, Unbroken Brain provides a paradigm-shifting approach to thinking about addiction.
How about, let's start at the beginning. Could you tell folks a little bit about yourself, and how you got started as a journalist writing about drugs and addiction?
MAIA SZALAVITZ: Sure. Well, in my 20s, I unfortunately became addicted to cocaine and heroin. I got into coke, oddly enough the first time I did cocaine was with Jerry Garcia, which is a story I tell in the book. And I was involved with the Grateful Dead scene, as that would suggest. And I, you know, I had discovered that drugs, and even just talking about drugs, was a way to make social connections, and I'd always just had a really, really hard time making social connections. And, I was always this sort of obsessive person who just got really, really into things, and then went on and on and on about them. And so people were not especially interested when I was going on about, like, science fiction or opera, but when it was drugs, it kind of gave me social currency. And so I got into psychedelics, I got into the Grateful Dead, and then, you know, got into coke that way. I should say that was the 80s, when, you know, something like 50 percent of American adults said that they had used cocaine, so it was incredibly prevalent and it has never been that prevalent since. This was right before crack.
So, anyway, so that is how I got into the whole drug thing. And how I got into journalism was, basically, that I'd always kind of wanted to either be a journalist or a scientist, and I was too squeamish to slice up rats. So, I decided that I -- and neuroscience is my interest, so there was kind of a lot of rat slicing that was going to be involved. So, I basically decided that writing about science would be the best sort of way down the middle, and because of my personal experience with addiction, I realized that this was an area that really could benefit from science writing in particular, because so much of what we know about drugs and addiction, or think we know, is actually wrong.
DOUG MCVAY: Indeed, and you, in your book, go through and puncture many of the myths that are so prevalent about drugs, and drug dependence. Now, for instance, for years, people thought of drug use and dependence as a moral failing. These days, we're told -- by the drug czar's office, by the National Institute on Drug Abuse, and others -- that it's a brain disease. Those are both wrong, but, could you explain to the listeners how are those ideas wrong?
MAIA SZALAVITZ: Sure, sure. I mean, actually, so, basically, we have said for the last, you know, hundred years of drug prohibition, that, you know, addiction is a disease, but the treatment is either locking you up or putting you into a 12-step program, which requires confession, finding a higher power, praying, and all kinds of moral things. So it's really hard to convince people that they have a brain disease but, unlike Alzheimer's, which unfortunately for which we have no treatment for, but unlike any brain condition that we do have a treatment for, we're going to make you list your sins. This does not sound like any other disease, and it does not make a very convincing argument, so I'm not surprised that the public, you know, sort of doesn't buy it, when the politicians and the experts and the doctors, you know, make this disease claim.
And I'm not saying that addiction is not a medical problem. I'm saying that the kind of medical problem that it is, is a learning disorder, and what I mean by that is that addiction requires learning in order to occur. Like many developmental disorders, it seems a mix of both environmental and genetic stuff's going on. And so with addiction, if you don't learn that a drug solves your problems, you can't be addicted to it because you wouldn't know what to crave. That sounds kind of dumb and obvious, but it is the case that, without that learning piece, the whole thing falls apart. The way addiction is defined medically is as compulsive drug use despite negative consequences. So what this basically means is that if you learn that drugs fix you, and then you continue to use them despite negative consequences, you meet the criteria. What's interesting about that to me is that, you know, for the last hundred years we've tried to use punishment to treat addiction, and yet, addiction is actually defined by resistance to punishment, which is just another word for negative consequences. So basically, if negative consequences worked, addiction couldn't exist.
DOUG MCVAY: Why do you think we have such a hard time shaking that idea of addiction as a moral failing?
MAIA SZALAVITZ: I mean, I think there's a few pieces to it. I think one very unfortunate and very tragic piece is that our drug laws come from racism. And if you look at the historical origins of the drug laws, they are so racist as to be almost humorous in a very, very sick way. So you have, you know, cocaine being made illegal because supposedly it made black men resistant to bullets. You get opium being made illegal because it would make Chinese men seduce white women. You have all these things that are basically results of racist and ethnic fears, that are projected onto the substances, and that really have nothing to do with the substances, but all of that gets mixed into our concept of addiction, for one.
And then the other thing is that, when you see people with addiction, they look like they're doing what they want to do. They look like they're deliberately planning to get high, deliberately lying about it, deliberately hiding what they do in order to preserve it, and so that doesn't look like a disease to people. What people are missing when they see that, though, is that if you become addicted, it's basically like falling in love with a drug. So, when you fall in love with somebody, or when you have a kid, your priorities become completely rearranged, and because that's in a positive way when you fall in love, usually, and a positive way when you have a kid, almost always, universally pretty much -- I don't think it's ever bad to love your child -- so, you know, if you have those, you know, sort of priority changing experiences in your brain, it does rewire your brain such that your stress is only relieved when you are feeling okeh about those connections. And if that connection is with a drug, then you will behave very strangely.
The thing that, you know, people don't get is that, this idea that all people with addiction are like liars or cheats, or that kind of thing, you know, you could say the same thing about all people who are having affairs. It's the same kind of behavior. Does it mean that people with addiction have absolutely no self control? Obviously not, because nobody's shooting up in front of the police. But, you know, does it mean that there's an impairment in control that cannot be seen necessarily? Yes. And so, you know, your brain isn't hijacked, but your priorities have been shifted.
DOUG MCVAY: It sounds like it could be -- it sounds like, practically, loneliness would be a, is a big reason for drug use. Is that fair?
MAIA SZALAVITZ: Absolutely. I mean, for drug use that becomes problematic, yes. I think there's plenty of people, you know, 80-90 percent of people who take drugs and do not end up having addiction. But, the people who are having addiction tend to have a few things in common. For one, they tend to have some kind of developmental difference that may be a predisposition to other mental illnesses, maybe sort of some experience of sensory overload. About fifty percent of people with addiction have another mental illness, and, you know, the genes that set that up are, you know, pre-existing, and they may require some kind of environmental stimuli to come out, but, you know, they are something that is not chosen.
Then the environment, you know, something like two thirds of people with addiction have at least one really traumatic childhood experience, and the more child trauma you have, the higher risk you are for addiction. So, you know, those two things are crucial in setting up addiction risk, and then the other thing is this sort of general despair. If you have no sense of meaning and purpose, if you feel like there's no hope in your life, if you feel like there's no reason to bear the, you know, sort of awful stuff that happens in the world all the time, then you may well be drawn to things that can blot out your consciousness.
DOUG MCVAY: You're listening to Century of Lies, a production of the Drug Truth Network for the Pacifica Foundation Radio Network, on the web at DrugTruth.net. I'm your host Doug McVay, editor of DrugWarFacts.org. My guest is Maia Szalavitz, author of the new book Unbroken Brain: A Revolutionary New Way Of Understanding Addiction.
Maia, we're told that there's an opioid epidemic in this country. Is that an accurate statement at all?
MAIA SZALAVITZ: Well, there's certainly an overdose epidemic. I mean, we've never had this level of overdoses. And, you know, there certainly is a higher level of opioid misuse than there has been in the past. I think that what -- it's not necessarily problematic to phrase it as an epidemic. What's problematic is to think that the cause is simply the fact that pharma advertise these drugs. I mean, I'm not saying that Purdue Pharma, which made Oxycontin, is innocent, by any means. But what I am saying is that two thirds of people who -- or more than two thirds of people who misuse prescription opiates are misusing somebody else's prescription. So most of the misuse that's going on is not in pain patients, and is in -- involves drugs that have been diverted from the medical system. So, this idea that doctors are turning people into addicted people is simply, generally, not the case. While it is possible to get addicted during pain treatment, since most pain patients are over, you know, 30 or 40, and most addiction starts in the 20s or teens, if you don't have a previous addiction, and you are prescribed opioids, your odds of becoming addicted are generally very low.
So why are we seeing this big overdose problem? I think that what's going on is that the middle class is collapsing. Particularly, the white middle class is under stress in ways that it has not been in the past, and this has caused a sense of despair. And it has led to a lot of opioid misuse, particularly among young people, who are just, you know, so-called recreational users. And then what you're also seeing is middle aged people with previous addictions getting exposed to these drugs, and you're also seeing people who are just using these drugs to commit suicide, and it's not being labeled as suicide because, you know, that is better for insurance purposes, it's less stigmatizing, etc. So we really don't know what proportion of these overdose deaths are actually suicide, and I think that's something that we really need to find out.
DOUG MCVAY: Indeed. I know that there are quite a few folks in the veteran's community doing a lot of advocacy around the number 22, which is the reported -- the estimated number of suicides per day among US veterans. It's scary. But, yeah, the notion then that there might actually be more -- [low whistle]
MAIA SZALAVITZ: I know, I mean, it is truly awful, the way things are, and I think, you know, we as a society have unfortunately, you know, we have this idea that you're supposed to be independent, and that, you know, your success is entirely due to whether you work hard or not. And when it becomes impossible to succeed because the economy is basically rigged against the average guy, you end up with people becoming suicidal because they blame themselves. And when people come back from, you know, having fought for their country, and getting no support whatsoever, you end up with that same kind of thing. We really have, like, a fraying social fabric here, and, you know, one of the best defenses against addiction is love and social support. And obviously that's not to say that you can't become addicted if you have that, but it's almost impossible to recover without it.
DOUG MCVAY: Before we talk more about addiction generally, let's talk for a second about, well, about pain. And some of the -- back in the 90s, we started taking pain seriously as an actual, treatable condition. Opiates began being more widely prescribed, medical marijuana started to become available as a treatment option. In the last ten or so years, there have been steady attacks on pain docs, and patients, and policies have been shifting again. How far has the pendulum swung, in terms of how we view and treat pain as a condition? And the way we treat the patients who suffer?
MAIA SZALAVITZ: Yes. I mean, this is an absolutely horrible situation, and not enough media attention has been devoted to it. The vast majority of people with chronic pain who use opioids do not misuse them. Now, there are certainly cases where people are taking opioids chronically, and they're not benefiting from them especially. But that doesn't mean they're addicted, and there are also people who are taking opioids chronically who benefit tremendously from them, and are not addicted. And those people I hear from virtually every day online, telling me about how they got, you know, screened out at the pharmacist or their doctor cut them off, or, you know, there was an article today about how patients with sickle cell anemia are just being made to wait hours and hours in the emergency room. And, you know, doctors are terrified to prescribe, there's all this pressure from the CDC guidelines, which means that, you know, if your prescribing is at all different from everybody else's, you're going to get looked at and somebody's got to be the top one percent prescribers.
So, it's just causing people to say, you know what? I could go to jail, I could lose my license. this is too much of a hassle. I'm going to just assume that anybody who wants opioids is an evil drug seeker, and this is easier for me to deal with and, you know, if somebody could have benefited but can't now, well too bad, I can't risk, you know, my whole life for that. So yeah, so this has gotten really, really terrible for pain patients. I think we may be beginning to see, you know, some more attention paid to the plight of pain patients. You know, there's been this whole push, oh well if they just do yoga or get acupuncture, or whatever. I have not talked to a single chronic pain patient who hasn't tried ten thousand things before they discovered that opioids was the thing that worked for them. And so, if I were a chronic pain patient, I would find it frankly offensive to be told some of this stuff. But, you know, it is a complicated thing. Opiates probably work about a third of the time, which is as good as anything -- which is better than anything else we have. You know, I mean, any, even anti-depressants only work probably about a third of the time, and yet for many of us, those drugs can be lifesavers.
So, you know, this is a complicated problem. But what we're doing now, by simply shifting people from legal sources to illegal sources, and not providing support, not providing effective treatment, you know, it's just dumb, and tragic.
DOUG MCVAY: That was part of an interview I did recently with the journalist and author Maia Szalavitz. Her new book is titled Unbroken Brain: A Revolutionary New Way Of Understanding Addiction. You can find out more about that, and her other works at Maia's website, which is MaiaSZ.com, that's MAIASZ.com.
You're listening to Century of Lies, a production of the Drug Truth Network for the Pacifica Foundation Radio Network, on the web at DrugTruth.net. I'm your host Doug McVay, editor of DrugWarFacts.org.
We have a few minutes left, so let's shift focus for a minute to look at the criminal justice system. One of things I point to when talking about drug legalization is how that would let us shift law enforcement resources to more serious problems such as property crime and violent crime. Clearance rates in both of those categories are awful – fewer than one in five property crimes are ever cleared by an arrest, and less than half of all violent crimes are ever cleared.
Clearing an offense, by the way, simply means that we've indicted someone, it doesn't mean that anyone has been found guilty, and more importantly, it doesn't mean that we've found the real guilty party.
That's an important distinction. If we only look at the high success rates for prosecutions in this country, we could be excused for believing that we're good at indicting guilty parties because people usually get convicted once they're indicted. Yet we know that's not true.
There are more and more stories coming out about people who've been pressured to accept a guilty plea even though they were innocent, because they believed that fighting would just make things worse. Police are good at bringing in the usual suspects and fitting people up, but how really good are we at finding the real criminals?
That question becomes even more urgent when we're talking about serious crimes, such as murder. Now you'd think that law enforcement would take murder seriously enough to try and find the real culprits. I mean, murder's a heinous offense. And yet more than one hundred fifty people in this country who had been convicted of murder and sentenced to death have had their innocence proven because of DNA evidence. Those innocent people have been released from prison, and in many of these cases the real criminals were finally caught and convicted.
Who knows how many innocent people weren't so lucky and were put to death? Who knows how many killers have been able to escape detection simply because law enforcement didn't do its job properly?
Recently, I had the good fortune to meet a man who had been put through that experience. In 1985, Kirk Bloodsworth was convicted of a truly horrible murder in Maryland. He was sentenced to death. He spent nine years in a state penitentiary, until finally DNA testing of the evidence proved his innocence. Kirk was exonerated and given a full pardon, plus authorities were eventually able to find the real killer.
Kirk now spends his time working for criminal justice reform and an end to the death penalty. I spoke with him during his recent visit to Portland, Oregon. Here's part of that interview.
Moving forward, what do we need? You spent time -- what do we need for folks?
KIRK BLOODSWORTH: Repeal the death penalty in the United States. Period. I mean, everywhere, wherever it's at. Oregon too. Oregon's got to get rid of it. So, what I'm saying is, everyone. And then the federal death penalty has to go. Criminal justice reform, we need to pass laws, preservation of evidence.
DOUG MCVAY: Your's was found in the --
KIRK BLOODSWORTH: In the closet.
DOUG MCVAY: In the closet of a judge.
KIRK BLOODSWORTH: In a paper bag.
DOUG MCVAY: That's not exactly standard procedure..
KIRK BLOODSWORTH: You know, we shouldn't be -- evidence shouldn't be relegated to a treasure hunt to find out whether or not, you know, you find somebody's innocence or whether they're going to be protected or not. And so, I -- you know, I think that's a necessity. And to have decent compensation. We need a federal compensation law in the United States. I alluded to that a while ago. One of the things is, there needs to be a federal compensation law in the United States, and there should be one in every state in the union, but really meat and potatoes. Not -- you know, really some substantial compensation, not just money at a person, but, that should be one of the first things, but, you know, housing, job placement, counseling. There's three or four different things that need to happen, and all this is in conjunction with exonerations in the United States.
Until that happens, you know, these people are, you know, just living day to day and don't know where to turn, until people can't turn anywhere. PTSD, it's awful. So, I mean, I suffer from it, and I mean, I was diagnosed with it years ago, and I'm lucky. I worked through it, and, with counseling, but I need those kind of things, and I have to pay for that out of my pocket. So, you know, and these men and women need all the help they can get. They shouldn't be paying for their own jewelry school. You know? I mean, honestly, I mean, that's just the way I see it, it's like, you know, when I got out, I should have been able -- you know, I had to pay for my own fishing license, to go commercial fishing. I had to do all this other stuff. You know, and I'm not just trying to talk about giving a hand out, I'm talking about giving a hand up, in life, to these people. And, you know, because this could be you. You know? This could be any one of us, by god's grace.
And -- criminal justice reform, end the death penalty first, criminal justice reform, help these exonerees. and you don't have to necessarily do it in that order, but all at the same time.
DOUG MCVAY: A hundred and fifty some death row exonerees. How many people -- what, how many people do you think are inside now that really shouldn't be?
KIRK BLOODSWORTH: Well, we have a prison population of 2.3 million. So, you figure it, it's probably -- if it's one percent, that's a jag of people. And, I don't -- somebody do the math for me real quick.
DOUG MCVAY: That would be twenty thousand.
KIRK BLOODSWORTH: See, there you go. So -- and we think it's even higher than that, so, you know. We need to support the Oregon Innocence Project, and their programs. That is the best way. It's a nonprofit organization, they don't get money from the government, they need some help. And, you know, I found out today that I also helped pass what is called the Kirk Bloodsworth Post-Conviction DNA Testing Program. That's, I just found out today, Senator Patrick Leahy of Vermont tweeted that it was reauthorized by the Judiciary Committee today.
DOUG MCVAY: Fantastic.
KIRK BLOODSWORTH: Yeah, that's great. And so, he, and so I tweeted him back. You know, I don't tweet much, but he's one of the guys I do. And, so -- and we work with people across the aisle, we work with both sides. This issue, people really want to help people, you know, kind of legislation, and this is a big thing. And so, I know some of the men, and people, that have gotten out because of the Bloodsworth grant. Thomas Haynesworth from Virginia, he was one of the, Michael Von Allmen from Kentucky, several others. And it gives grant moneys to organizations like the Innocence Project so they can hire staff attorneys, and people like Alice over here, to help them do their job, and find out those innocent people behind bars.
DOUG MCVAY: And, people need to realize too, that it's not just a question of, it's not just a question of doing justice by getting someone out. Someone's going in for a crime they didn't commit, that means the person who committed that crime is still out there, probably.
KIRK BLOODSWORTH: Absolutely, absolutely. And I am a firm believer, and a supporter of doing that. I think it's, you know, we have a tendency to neglect that thing. And also, in the same token, victims' family members. I think we cannot neglect them in any kind of way. And I wouldn't want to marginalize anybody in this effort, because they need help too. The money -- if we got rid of the death penalty, we could use the money and the savings to help victims' families. So, you know, it's a win-win, if you ask me. And it's tragic enough, for these things to happen, but we need to put the right man in bars and convict the right people.
DOUG MCVAY: That was part of an interview I had recently with Kirk Bloodsworth, the first person in the United States to have been sentenced to death for murder, only to eventually be exonerated by DNA evidence and given a full pardon based on his innocence. The documentary about his experience is called Bloodsworth: An Innocent Man.
And well, that's it for today. Thank you for joining us. You have been listening to Century Of Lies, a production of the Drug Truth Network for the Pacifica Foundation Radio Network, on the web at DrugTruth.net. I'm your host Doug McVay, editor of DrugWarFacts.org. The Drug Truth Network is on Facebook, please give its page a like. Drug War Facts is on Facebook too, give it a like and share it with friends. You can follow me on Twitter, I'm @DougMcVay and of course also @DrugPolicyFacts.
We'll be back next week with thirty minutes of news and information about the drug war and this Century Of Lies. For now, for the Drug Truth Network, this is Doug McVay saying so long. So long!
For the Drug Truth Network, this is Doug McVay asking you to examine our policy of drug prohibition: the century of lies. Drug Truth Network programs archived at the James A. Baker III Institute for Public Policy.


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text:
Q: Extract the anti-diagonals from an array I want to extract the anti-diagonals of an array
m=array(1:18,c(3,3,2))

My best shot
k=dim(m)[3]

mn=matrix(nrow = k, ncol = 3)

for (i in 1:k){
  mn=diag(m[,,i][3:1,1:3])
  }

This returns 12 14 16, the anti-diagonal of the second matrix in the array. I want to achieve this
[1] 3  5  7
[2] 12 14 16

I want the "anti-diags" as arrays
Manually diag(m[,,1][3:1,1:3]) and diag(m[,,2][3:1,1:3]) works fine, but the array I'm working with is dim(c(3,3,22)), so I thought "loop!"
MQ: How to extract the anti-diagonals from an array using the loop? (better and elegant  solutions are more than welcome)

A: This should work:
mn <- array(NA, dim=dim(m))
for (i in 1:dim(m)[3]){
   mn[,,i]=diag(m[,,i][cbind(3:1,1:3)])
              }

It was unclear whether you want the "anti-diag" to become the new diag, but that is what your code suggested as the intent. The form matrix[cbind(vec1,vec2)] pulls the (R,C) referenced elements from the matrix.
If you do not want them as arrays then this is an alternate result:
 mn <- array(NA, dim=c(2,3))
     for (i in 1:dim(m)[3]){
        mn[i,]=m[,,i][cbind(3:1,1:3)]
                            }
 mn
     [,1] [,2] [,3]
[1,]    3    5    7
[2,]   12   14   16

This is a loopless way of getting the same values:
 m[cbind( rep(3:1,2), rep(1:3,2), rep(1:2,each=3)) ]
[1]  3  5  7 12 14 16

A: You could use lapply across the third dimension and extract the anti-diagonal by first rotating the matrix ( see this great answer ) by reversing the column order and taking the diagonal of that. Basically like this...
out <- lapply( 1:dim(m)[3] , function(x) diag( t( apply( m[,,x] , 2 , rev ) ) ) )
[[1]]
[1] 3 5 7

[[2]]
[1] 12 14 16

If you need them glued together as an array then use do.call...
do.call( rbind , out )
     [,1] [,2] [,3]
[1,]    3    5    7
[2,]   12   14   16

In this particular case, a for loop will be much quicker (benchmark it) and you should use @DWin's answer.
It occurs to me that we can simplfy this a bit and avoid using lists and bad use of lapply (by assuming thatm is available outside the scope of lapply) because we can also simply apply across the third dimension of your matrices. So we can apply once to rotate the matrices, then take the diag of each rotated matrix like so...
rotM <- apply( m , 2:3 , rev )
out <- t( apply( rotM , 3 , diag ) )
     [,1] [,2] [,3]
[1,]    3    5    7
[2,]   12   14   16

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Segismundo Moret y Prendergast (Cadis, 2 de juny de 1833 – Madrid, 28 de gener de 1913) va ser un hisendat, literat i polític espanyol.

Durant el regnat d'Amadeu I d'Espanya va ser ministre d'Ultramar i ministre d'Hisenda; durant el regnat d'Alfons XII, ministre de Governació; durant la regència de Maria Cristina d'Habsburg-Lorena, ministre d'Estat, ministre de Foment, novament ministre de Governació i ministre d'Ultramar; i finalment, durant el regnat d'Alfons XIII, ministre de Governació, president del Consell de Ministres i president del Congrés dels Diputats.

Biografia

Orígens
Va estudiar Dret en la Universitat Central de Madrid on en 1858 va obtenir la càtedra d'Institucions d'Hisenda. El seu origen gadità i les seves relacions familiars i de negocis amb Gran Bretanya el predestinaven a ser, com va ser, un actiu defensor del lliurecanvisme.

En 1863 va ser escollit diputat independent per Almadén (Ciudad Real), escó al qual aviat renunciaria. Va ser reelegit, per Ciudad Real en aquesta ocasió, en 1869 després del triomf de la Revolució de 1868 i va col·laborar en la redacció de la Constitució Espanyola de 1869.

Abolició de l'esclavitud
Va ser ministre d'Ultramar en el gabinet presidit pel general Prim (1870). Durant la seva gestió es va abolir l'esclavitud a Puerto Rico, que va quedar limitada a la llibertat de ventres, coneguda com a Llei Moret, de 4 de juliol de 1870 i va promoure un text constitucional per a Puerto Rico. Poc després va ser nomenat ministre d'Hisenda en el gabinet de Prim (1869) i en acabat en el govern de Topete (1870). Va haver de dimitir al cap de poc a causa de certes irregularitats de gestió en dues concessions de tabac.

Ambaixador i ministre liberal

Nomenat ambaixador en Londres en 1871, hi va fixar la seva residència després de la seva dimissió com a ambaixador, per dirigir un negoci bancari. En 1875, després de la restauració borbònica, va tornar a Espanya i va fundar el Partit Democràtic-Monàrquic, que en 1882 es va fusionar amb Izquierda Dinástica i va acabar dins del Partit Liberal de Sagasta.

Va ser nomenat en 1883 ministre de Governació sota el govern liberal de José Posada Herrera. Des de 1885 va formar part del Partit Liberal, en el qual va col·laborar amb Práxedes Mateo Sagasta com a ministre d'Estat (1885-1888), Governació (1888, 1901 i 1902), Foment (1892), Estat (1892 i 1894) i Ultramar (1897-1898). La seva gestió com a ministre va ser molt rebatuda per l'industrial basc Víctor Chávarri, qui entenia que la gestió de Moret i el tractat amb Alemanya perjudicaven els interessos de la indústria pesant espanyola, aconseguint derrocar-lo del ministeri.

A la mort de Sagasta, va participar en les lluites per la direcció del partit, en dura pugna amb Eugenio Montero Ríos, però la seva falta de resolució i els pocs escrúpols que a vegades havia demostrat, li van tancar el camí. En 1897, sent ministre d'Ultramar, va decretar l'autonomia de Cuba i Puerto Rico, en un intent d'impedir l'emancipació d'ambdues colònies. Prop de 1902 va col·laborar en la creació de l'Institut de Reformes Socials, embrió del futur Ministeri de Treball.

President
Després de la dimissió d'Eugenio Montero Ríos a causa de la seva intenció de sancionar als militars implicats en els fets del diari Cu-Cut!, va ocupar la presidència del Govern (1905-1906). Durant aquest mandat, va donar suport als militars i va fer aprovar la Llei de Jurisdiccions, que va posar les ofenses a l'Exèrcit i els símbols i unitat d'Espanya sota jurisdicció militar, amb la qual cosa va conjugar en contra seva tots els sectors polítics catalans. Una de les seves armes per lluitar contra ells va ser el suport que va concedir de sotamà a Alejandro Lerroux, qui amb el seu radicalisme demagògic podia apartar del catalanisme les masses obreres barcelonines. L'atemptat de Mateu Morral contra Alfons XIII el maig de 1906 el va forçar a dimitir el juliol de 1906, després d'una gestió en què no havia guanyat cap prestigi, quedant sense majoria suficient en les Corts, encara que va tornar a exercir breument el càrrec del 30 de novembre al 4 de desembre del mateix any, provocant la "crisi del papelito" (novembre), però el Congrés el va fer objecte d'un vot de censura, i el nou govern de Moret va haver de presentar la dimissió al cap de 48 hores d'haver-se format.

Després de la caiguda de Maura, va arribar per última vegada a la direcció del Govern el 21 d'octubre de 1909, però els membres del seu propi partit el van vetar el 9 de febrer de 1910, i el van obligar a retirar-se de la política.

Caiguda i president del Congrés
Després dels successos de la Setmana Tràgica en 1909, va aconseguir de nou la prefectura del govern succeint Antoni Maura, al mateix temps que exercia la cartera de Governació, però novament va haver de dimitir al febrer de l'any següent en no aconseguir la dissolució de les Corts per obtenir una majoria que recolzés el seu projecte, sent substituït per José Canalejas y Méndez i derrocat pels seus companys de partit, que el van vetar i el van obligar a retirar-se de la política activa. El 1912, quan Canalejas va ser assassinat, el govern del comte de Romanones el va escollir com a president del Congrés dels Diputats, càrrec que va exercir fins a la seva mort.

Referències

Bibliografia

 Ferrera, Carlos (2002) La frontera democrática del liberalismo: Segismundo Moret (1838-1913). Madrid: Biblioteca Nueva.

Enllaços externs

 Discurs de Moret a l'Ateneo de Madrid el 10 de novembre de 1884
 Biografia
 Biografia a xtec.es

Diputats andalusos al Congrés dels Diputats
Presidents del Govern espanyol
Polítics gaditans
Acadèmics de la Reial Acadèmia de Ciències Morals i Polítiques
Acadèmics de la Reial Acadèmia Espanyola
Presidents de la Reial Acadèmia de Jurisprudència i Legislació
Alumnes de la Universitat Complutense de Madrid
Morts a Madrid
Krausistes

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: The creaking from the tenants who live above me is rediculous.  Creaking was caused by leaky roof.  Tenants are very insensitive and walk around for a half hour during the am hours.  I have to wear ear plugs to sleep every night.  I've told apt mgr 3 months ago.  They haven't done anything.  They say they are waiting for tenant to move out.  Can I get out of my 1 year lease if they don't get it fixed?


@Oleg firstly my apologies for the slow reply. I asked the question just before I left for the Amalfi coast for a short break and wasn't expecting such a prompt answer. Many thanks again for your invaluable insight. I'll give your suggestion a bash and let you know in due course.


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The event partner for one of Worcester's most popular running events has expressed its thanks to all those who have entered.
Tempo Events – who organise the city's Full and Half Marathon which takes place on Sunday 21 May – has now signed up more than 800 people.
£2 from each entry fee goes towards helping to fund the free care offered by St Richard's Hospice; as an added bonus, more than 50 runners are specifically raising funds for the hospice.
With only weeks to go, the organisers are inviting more people to join up, get fit and support their local hospice.
The event typically attracts around 1000 runners.
Both the full and half marathon races will start and finish at Sixways Rugby Stadium, the home of the Worcester Warriors. Runners will take a scenic, rural route that heads out east from the city; the half marathon runners complete one loop and full marathon runners take on a second loop before the last downhill mile to the finish line. Both races start simultaneously at 9.30am.
Entries are open and registration is available online at www.tempoevents.co.uk or www.runnersworld.co.uk.
The organisers are also calling for volunteer help to ensure the smooth running of the event.
The event is sponsored by Hewett Recruitment which has supported the event since it began in 2011.


On 7th May 2011 I was lucky to have been chosen as a photographer for Anastasya and Cristiano's wedding, thanks to the suggestion from Wedding Planner Vika Marchetti who had already contacted the bride about some other requests.
The young couple met each other through internet because she was living in Chelyabinsk and he in Rome. Cristiano was immediately very romantic, he wrote tons of mails and messages to his future wife Anastasya. At the beginning she did not believe at all his romanticism because she had some bad experiences in the past, but the desire to meet Cristiano was greater than her fear. As soon as they met she began to realize that he was the right person to build her future with. After meeting for a year, they realized that they were made for each other.
On the day of their wedding in Rome there were three of Anastasya's best friends that came from Russia and with them also came Nastya's mom: on her mom's face there immense emotions as she saw that her daughter was creating her own family, in Italy. Anastasya's friends helped her to dress, to make-up and do her hairstyling and just a bit later she was ready to show her splendor to her future husband, Cristiano. The emotion of first seeing her in wedding dress was a very moving moment of pure happiness for everyone. It was very beautiful when Nastya's mom hugged her daughter while tears of happiness filled their eyes and flowed down their cheeks.
All the relatives and Cristiano's friends with Nastya's friends and mother were waiting in the room when the bride and groom, with the rings and the photographer arrived. The ceremony was fast but there were exciting moments as in the ring exchange where Nastya's ring didn't want to slip on her finger or their first kiss as husband and wife. The photo-shooting was taken near the Colosseo's and Arch of Costantine. As the pictures were being taken many tourists looked on and wished the best to the bride and groom in their own languages.
When the photo session in Colosseo was ended, we moved to Castel Gandolfo,close to the lake, where we waited for the wedding lunch. The restaurant choice was Le Macine in Via della Spiaggia del Lago 7; here all the group assembled for the wedding party. It was here that I met a great master of ceremonies, also singer and piano player, Daniele. He was able to bring a lot of happiness to all of guests during the lunch. A special moment to remember was when Cristiano sang a romantic song to his wife. They danced all afternoon until some relatives that had come from far, decided to leave the party but not for the youngest ones that stay there to dance and enjoy this special day.
Anastasya and Cristiano are made to be together. I love them!
Мы тоже сейчас в процессе организации свадьбы в Капитолии! Очень надееемся что наша мечта сбудется! Отличные фото!


text:
Samsung dominates the conversation at Mobile World Congress, but Nokia was second
When it comes to Mobile World Congress, there are always a few big stories that dictate the discussion. Whether they are flagship phones or company mergers or just new tech in general, someone steals the show.
For 2014's MWC, that would be Samsung. In research performed by social media listening platform Synthesio, they claim that Samsung was "mentioned 1,246,000 times, or in 44.2% of all online conversations". That number was only followed by Nokia, who were mentioned in 586,200 online conversations, or 20.8% of the time. That's second, but a distant one.
No doubt that Samsung had the most going for it, after all, they announced their new flagship Android phone, the Galaxy S5. Even more, they announced a fitness bracelet (Gear Fit), Gear 2 and Gear 2 Neo, with the Gear Fit receiving a lot of accolades for its bold, unique design.
Meanwhile, Nokia announced a new Asha, the Nokia 220 and of course the Nokia X series of Android devices. It was really the latter that received the most attention though due to its seemingly sensational story lines. If Nokia had announced a Windows Phone 8.1 flagship phone, we're sure the online conversation race would be a lot closer.
Regardless, Nokia was still able to best Sony and their Xperia Z2 announcement. The force is still strong with Nokia, even in 2014.
See the full presser below.
Samsung most popular at MWC with 1.2 million online conversations - twice nearest rival Nokia
Research by Synthesio reveals Galaxy S5 was the best received hardware launch at Mobile World Congress
February 28, 2014: The launch of the Galaxy S5 helped Samsung dominate online conversations during Mobile World Congress, according to research by social media listening platform Synthesio.
Synthesio analysed conversations on social media platforms, blogs and the comments sections of newspapers, about brands throughout Mobile World Congress and discovered that Samsung was mentioned 1,246,000 times, or in 44.2% of all online conversations about major brands. Online users were particularly impressed by the S5's camera and display.
Samsung's nearest rival Nokia was the subject of 586,200 online conversations (20.8%) following the launch of the Nokia X. The Xperia Z2 helped Sony to third place with 18% of online conversations.
Much of the online chat related to the Nokia X cited the use of the Android operating system and the handset's low price, however, 60% of all online conversations related to the phone were neutral, which could indicate that consumers were ambivalent about the device. Blackberry's launch of the Q20 failed to set social media alight, with the handset mentioned in only 250,000 (8.9%) online conversations during the conference.
Catriona Oldershaw, Managing Director of Synthesio UK, said: "Mobile World Congress may have been dominated in the media by news of WhatsApp's merger with Facebook and Mark Zuckerberg's keynote speech. However, social media users were keener to discuss the hardware that was launched. The runaway winner this year was Samsung's Galaxy S5. This builds on the successful launch of the S4 last year and seems to indicate that the online community is a growing fan of the brand. Nokia put in a strong showing, however, many users seemed to be underwhelmed by the X. Blackberry should also be concerned that the Q20 did not create much buzz online."
Watch the Big Game in 4K for cheap!
Since 4K is slowly becoming the standard for televisions, there's never been a better time to buy inexpensive, gorgeous boob tubes. These are the best inexpensive TVs you can buy with 4K HDR support.


Jeff joins MIT as the 2018-19 Center for Real Estate Director's Fellow. He brings a professional background in both real estate private equity and commercial brokerage to the MSRED program.
Born and raised in Dandong, China and in Vancouver, Canada, Felicity first approached real estate from her family's experience of immigration, her cross-cultural education and later work with international students.


text:
Home Breaking News 2020 Ford Mustang Mach-E: All Electric SUV Coupe Revealed
2020 Ford Mustang Mach-E: All Electric SUV Coupe Revealed
Lawrence Adams
The onslaught of electric cars continues with the release of Ford's first all-electric model. A little late to the game, Ford has finally revealed its first EV, an SUV which uses the famous Mustang badging. The Ford Mustang Mach-E!
The Mustang Mach-E is Ford's first departure from the two-door, rear-wheel-drive setup which made the name famous. Without a big V8, the Mustang's links to the Coupe are tied only to its blistering performance!
The Mustang Mach-E is distinctive. It uses a long, powerful hood, much like the Coupe. The rear arches are suitably bulging and the side panels, finished in black, narrow the body panels to create the illusion that the body is smaller than it is.
The headlights are long and thin, similar in style to the Coupe. The rear lights use a tri-bar setup which has become synonymous with the Mustang in recent years.
Overall, the silhouette is more Coupe than a full-size SUV. The shape is not boxy! One interesting element is the lack of conventional door handles. The Mach-E dispenses with convention, using buttons and small holds protruding from the front doors. For the fully digital experience, owners can use their smartphones as keys.
The Ford Mustang Mach-E is powered by a completely new drivetrain. It is available in two versions, the standard-range with a 75.7 kWh lithium-ion battery, and the extended-range with a 98.8 kWh battery. It should achieve a respectable range of at least 300 miles in rear-wheel-drive configuration.
The standard model uses a single motor driving the rear wheels. It produces 255 hp or 282 hp in the extended-range version. The twin-motor model produces 255 hp in its lowest spec, 332 hp in its highest. The rear-wheel-drive models should hit 100 km/h in under 8 seconds while Ford are targetting a sub-7 second 100 km/h time in the twin-motor versions.
The batteries are fitted on the floor between the two axles, secured inside a waterproof battery case and surrounded by crash-absorption protection. It is slightly larger than the I-Pace, with weight stated to be between 1,993 kg to more than 2,218 kg.
The platform is all-new. Called Global Electrified 2, Ford has reworked the latest Focus and Kuga architecture.
Inside, Ford has gone high-tech. The Ford Mustang Mach-E seats five adults comfortably. It offers 820 litres of luggage space, 1,680 with the rear seats folded.
Ford will offer a Bang & Olufsen sound system. A panoramic fixed-glass roof is an option, with a special glass coating for enhanced infrared protection.
The Mustang Mach-E uses the latest version of Ford's SYNC system. It operates through a massive 15.5-inch touchscreen which rivals Tesla for size. The dashboard is largely free of buttons with a narrow 10.2-inch digital cluster for the driver.
If you know the market, the competition should be obvious by now! At the moment, Ford has Jaguar's I-Pace, Audi's E-Tron and the Mercedes EQC to compete with. Pretty soon though, electric SUV customers will be spoilt for choice.
We expect Tesla to launch a Model Y soon which will compete directly with the Mach-E. There is the unknown quantity of the Byton M-Byte too. Infiniti, Porsche and Rivian are also known to be interested in the segment.
As far as what's available at the moment, the Jaguar I-Pace appears to be the closest competition.
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text:
If victorious, as A.G. Pruitt will sue Feds for state costs tied to immigration
By Patrick B. McGuigan
Former state Sen. Scott Pruitt, a Republican candidate for Attorney General, told Capitol reporters today that, if elected, he will sue the U.S. government over its failure to enforce immigration laws. He said litigation would force "accountability on the federal government." Pruitt also said he would seek to recover the direct costs the state of Oklahoma incurs due to lack of U.S. enforcement.
He said, "We will call on the federal government to act on its exiting authority and do its job. The message to the federal government is 'do your job. There won't be a need to pass new legislation, if you will do your job.' "
Pruitt called the approach "innovative." He defended Arizona, which recently passed a controversial new state law aimed at curbing illegal immigration, saying Arizona's provisions are "actually not in conflict with federal law. The state merely empowered itself to be consistent and to harmonize with federal law."
However, he described the proposed litigation as a better approach: "It says to the federal government, 'You hold us responsible, so we're going to hold you responsible.' It is within the power and authority of the attorney general to take this kind of action."
Pruitt said such a lawsuit holds out chances of "recovery for the states. Money is important, but the real issue here is accountability and the federal government doing its job." Asked if his approach meant there would be no need for the Oklahoma Legislature to act further on immigration, he replied, "The Legislature has to make policy decisions and that is their job. I would merely say it would be unnecessary for the Legislature to act if we had a lawsuit like this under way. Immigration is the federal government's responsibility. It's their irresponsibility and unwillingness to do what's necessary to secure our border that has led to actions like the Arizona law and the earlier Oklahoma law."
Pruitt stressed, "It is not our agenda to force Congress to pass a new law, it is to call for enforcement of the law as it already stands." It would require "some time for legal research and preparation, but I can tell you it would be one of the first things I would do as attorney general."
Pruitt observed, "We in the state are placed in an uncomfortable position of seeing a lack of federal enforcement. The main benefit of this would be the states would not have to act instead of the federal government, if the federal government is doing its job. The federal government has exclusive authority to act, but its inaction has forced the states to try to find a way to hold the federal government accountable."
In his prepared statement, Pruitt said, "Far too often, the federal government has decided to pursue aggressive policies, such as the nationalization of health care, which I believe violate the 10th Amendment to the Constitution, while choosing to ignore the limited duties it should have. According Article 1, Section 8 of our Constitution, the Congress has the obligation, duty and responsibility to 'establish a uniform rule of naturalization' and our courts have interpreted this to mean that Congress also has the power to regulate immigration."
As an example of federal shortfalls, he pointed to the federal State Criminal Alien Assistance Program (SCAAP), which provides only a fraction of state costs affiliated with incarcerated of undocumented aliens. "To me, this seems like a straightforward approach. It is time for the people to use every means available, including the court system, to make our federal government more responsive."
Pruitt said, "It is my hope that this lawsuit will do more than simply recoup the dollars lost by Oklahoma taxpayers. I am taking this aggressive approach as a way to encourage other Attorneys General and other conservatives across the nation to begin thinking differently about how we can rein in the federal government. And, if it makes Congress and the President finally act and do something meaningful on illegal immigration, all the better."
One reporter asked if Pruitt was concerned about being labeled an activist attorney general. He grinned and replied, "I plan on being an activist attorney general. That's why I'm running."


The accommodation is right by the sea, 15m from the beach. The apartments are from 25 to 55m2, 4 of them one-room (2+2 beds), 2 two-room (2+3 beds) and 2 two-bed studio apartments.
The apartments are categorized with 4 stars.
They are equipped with kitchen, bathroom, cable TV and wireless internet.
All apartments have terrace with sea view.
The property has a central air-conditioning system and own parking facilities.
Each apartment has 2 sun-loungers and a sunshade on the beach.


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Just an hour from Brisbane lies this unbelievably scenic destination. Easily one of its main attractions, Tamborine's rainforests are teeming with beautiful wildlife and bright blooms, making it great for hikes (be sure to check out magnificent Curtis Falls) and finding a little solitude.
You could just spend your whole stay here relaxing in a delightful cottage by the fire, but there's plenty of incredible experiences to be found in Tamborine. Horseriding in the mountains discovering glow worm caves, wine-tasting, wine-paired picnics – it's all here for you to enjoy.
There's also an array of fabulous options for foodies on the mountain and at its base – from fine dining to relaxed fare, all with breathtaking valley views.
Springbrook, nestled in the Gold Coast Hinterland, is another scenic wonder just under two hour's drive south of Brisbane. Completely tranquil and rich with natural beauty, it's the perfect setting for spa retreats, cabin hideaways and chalet escapes.
Scenery- and fitness-loving couples will be in their element at Springbrook, with some of Australia's most sensational outlooks here. Hit the Twin Falls Circuit track for rainforest surrounds that look straight out of Jurassic Park, plus pinch-me-now views at the Canyon Lookout. And, of course, you can't come to Springbrook without visiting the magnificent Purling Brook Falls and Natural Bridge – they're Queensland icons for a reason.
If you're looking for something a little more relaxed, 'Best of All' lookout also provides amazing vistas, just 300-metres from the carpark. Or, settle in at a cafe for a lazy breakfast and pick up some picnic essentials for a no-fuss dining experience.
An hour and 20 minutes north of central Brisbane, Maleny is Queensland hinterland at its best. Home to the Obi Obi Creek and Mary Cairncross Scenic Reserve, and with postcard-ready views of the Glasshouse Mountains, it's a winner for romantic escapes.
After checking in somewhere secluded and charming, get a coffee at local fave Maleny Food Co. (formerly Colin James Fine Food) and do not leave without trying the award-winning Hazelnut Roche gelato. For something a little more substantial, visit Maleny's answer to Brisbane's Eat Street Markets, Pallet Life Artisan Food Market.
Producing some of Queensland's best food and wine, Maleny is also perfect for foodie experiences. Make your way to The Big Barrel for sampling some of Maleny Mountain Wines' finest drops, or check out new-kids-on-the-block Brouhaha Brewery just off Maple Street. And feel like a six year-old again when you feed baby cows, sample quality yoghurt and roam through green pastures on a tour at Maleny Dairies – it's a must-visit. Take gumboots and don't be afraid to get muddy.
Only 15 minutes north of Maleny, Montville is a haven for food, art, wine, lovely accommodation and more wonderful hinterland views. Walking along its main street brings you to quaint little cafés, art galleries, a boutique chocolate shop and intimate restaurants. Overlooking rolling green hills, The Edge Restaurant is perfect for toasting the occasion and enjoying a delicious meal. Or, pull up a chair at the visually stunning Poets Cafe. Designed in the enchanting Art Nouveau style, it offers a little slice of Parisian café culture among the treetops.
Venturing off the main road, you'll be rewarded with more sensational experiences – the scenic drive alone is utterly dreamy. With a grand 90-metre waterfall, Kondalilla National Park features a range of short walking tracks that make for a fantastic day out – you can even camp here if you're seeking a ruggedly romantic getaway. Or, add a little luxury to your stay and treat yourselves to an indulgent five-course degustation at Spicers Clovelly Estate's The Long Apron. And don't leave without wine-ing and dining at Flame Hill Vineyard & Restaurant or looking out over the sparkling Lake Baroon from Secrets Café.
Situated in the heart of the Granite Belt's wine region, Stanthorpe requires a bit of a journey (just under three hours' drive south-west of Brisbane) but an escape here is well worth the effort. Offering up plenty of scrumptious gourmet fare, the little country town is also blessed with marvellous natural wonders. Known for its unique granite landscapes, seemingly gravity-defying boulders and open forest, Girraween National Park is just over 30 minutes' drive south of Stanthorpe and boasts wildlife rarely seen anywhere else in Queensland. Look out for wombats, spotted quolls, lyrebirds and turquoise parrots.
Back in the main part of town, couples can fill the days with cellar door visits, strawberry picking at Ashbern Farms, cheese-tasting at Stanthorpe Cheese, exploring lavender fields at Aloomba Lavender Farm and enjoying a pint at Granite Belt Brewery. Add to the mix a chance of snow during winter and you've got a brilliant weekend away.


text:
News & Features » News
A cool deal, going once, going twice
by Ericson, Edward Jr.
Zellwin Farms General Manager Glenn Rogers knows well this vegetable precooler, a quartet of 10-foot diameter, 50-foot long steel vacuum tubes, plus assorted condensers and pumps.
Rogers bought the precooler's last tube just five years ago and oversaw its installation under the metal roof here at Zellwin Farms, on the north side of Jones Avenue in Zellwood. Last year, his company sold the yellow, basketball court-sized apparatus to the St. Johns River Water Management District for $1.4 million. On the morning of Dec. 3, Rogers bought it back for $35,000 during an auction held on his property.
Dozens of deals were made Dec. 3 at Zellwin Farms. And by this week's end, hundreds more will be struck in a series of auctions to liquidate the machines and tools, buildings and spare parts that 14 large farms used to coax corn and carrots and celery from the former lake bottom.
The auctions are the last phase of the taxpayer-funded, $91 million Lake Apopka buy-out process, designed in theory to stop the pollution of the lake and make way for a restoration. The state agreed to pay the farmers the appraised value of their equipment "in use," an amount many multiples of its market value.
So this week's sales are creating opportunities for savvy buyers with ready cash, and none are more savvy -- or have more cash -- than former owners. They know which items are valuable -- their workers built much of the specialized machinery -- and they know each other's inventory. The farmers have worked cooperatively for years, first in administering the Zellwin Drainage District, more recently in fighting environmental regulations and then in guiding the buyout.
Officials with the St. Johns River Water Management District, which negotiated the buyout, said last year that they expected the equipment auction to recoup only one-third of its $29 million cost. For specialty items the presumed markdown was greater. The district hoped to get back about a quarter-million dollars for the Zellwin precooler.
Told of Rogers' deal, Assistant Apopka City Administrator Jack Douglas says the city told them so. "We told them from the beginning that when they sold the equipment it wasn't going to bring in what they said," Douglas says. "We brought that to their attention early in the process."
In many cases, even those low expectations may have been optimistic. By the end of bidding Monday, about $2 million had been raised, according to auction administrator Ed Underwood. While big-ticket items were going for pennies on the dollar, prices for the vehicles were described by some bidders as high. "It was ugly," says one.
But the returns might have been higher if the district itself had not taken some of the best rolling stock for itself. The water district kept $1.4 million worth of trucks and heavy equipment to help it build the marsh that it hopes will clean the lake. Last week only a half dozen of the 117 remaining pickup trucks and vans appeared to be in decent running shape. The rest were either last decade's offerings or marked with caveats like "bad starter," "won't idle down" and "doesn't run."
"The trucks are junk," says Chuck Edmonds of Chuck's Used Truck Parts, in Ocala.
The money raised in the auctions is slated for economic development in the area where the farms, which employed more than 2,200 people, were located. The auction money will be divided up by the political jurisdictions most affected: Orange County gets 60 percent, Apopka 25 and Lake 15. The buyout legislation also enabled "up to" 20 percent of the resale funds to be used for retraining the farmworkers.
But "it's not going to go to retraining!" says Jeannie Economos, a coordinator with the Farmworker Association, which is aiding in the retraining effort. "By the time they get this 20 percent, what are they going to use it for, and who is going to use it, and who's going to be left?"
Although the county has programs that include child care, gas reimbursement and even a stipend for trainees, many farmworkers are unable to take advantage of the benefits.
Geraldine Matthew, a Farmworker Association outreach worker who concentrates on Seminole County, says she "found a good 18" workers who weren't aware of the retraining. "A lot of them are going to labor pools and getting daily pay jobs," she says.
The labor pools pay poorly, then charge the workers for transportation and lunch: "Three dollars for a dry bologna sandwich," Matthew says. "A lot of the people in Seminole County are going to Lake Okeechobee, picking oranges and being returned each night. It's like a three-hour drive, depending on the condition of the vehicle. ... One guy we know made $43 working [on a recent day]. He said he got in four hours [of work]. But he left the house at 6 a.m. and returned at 10 at night."
Workers are reluctant to take a day off from these kinds of jobs to go to an orientation meeting where they could learn about retraining opportunities, Economos explains: "We say it's better for their future. They say, 'Well, we have to eat.'"
Told that Zellwin's Rogers repurchased his precooling equipment for one-fortieth what taxpayers had spent, Economos said she was "speechless."
But Underwood says the purchase price at auction is not comparable to the state's cost. "We're talking about two completely different sets of numbers," he says. "We're talking about 'in-use' numbers."
As chief of the bureau of motor vehicle and watercraft in the Florida Department of Management Services, Underwood oversees about a half dozen state vehicle auctions each year, which raise about $15 million. "There were people there from all over the country," Underwood says. "If $35,000 was the high bid on that, then that's what the item was worth on that day in Apopka."
While more than 1,000 bidders crowded the auction floor, only a handful had the means or desire to bid on heavy items like the precoolers. And they were mostly locals.
To ensure that the government gets a fair price for all the stuff, Underwood's job was to notify as many potential bidders as possible. Underwood said his department spent $175,000 advertising the farm auction in food processors' trade magazines, direct-mail efforts and "all the major farm publications."
Rogers was taciturn about his purchase. "Hopefully we have a use for it," he said. "You have to take into consideration, it's going to be expensive to move it."
Zellwin's new vegetable processing facility is just over the Florida state line in Lake Park, Ga., near Valdosta. It is reportedly three times the capacity of the one that used to be here, yet because of automation it will employ only six people on a full-time basis, and during peak season significantly fewer than the 200 or so who worked the fields here for hourly wages.
The expense of Zellwin's modernization, eased by the windfall from last year's buy-out, is being further boosted by the bargains at the auction. Still, Rogers demurred when asked to assess his good fortune.
Rogers said he has "no idea" what the state paid for his precooler: "We didn't negotiate on a part-by-part basis."
But appraisal records show a part-by-part breakdown. The water district paid Zellwin $33.5 million for the farm based in part on the $14.2 million appraised value of the equipment. Appraiser S.M. Dix valued each item in use and tagged it with an identification number.
In many cases the number corresponds to the buyers' guide that was published by the auctioneer.
Zellwin's precooler setup was item number 624.00 in the appraisal and was tagged as lot 4.00, number 624 in the auction guide.
The lot Rogers bought comes without the "receiving tank," which farmer John Grinnell said is part of the concrete floor. Thanks to Underwood, the ammonia in the device -- similar in function to the freon in an air-conditioner -- will be removed "at the state's expense" so that it can be transported.
Underwood says he has no idea what that process will cost the state.
Rogers says he bought his former precooler for the convenience of fast delivery, as it would take several months to build a new one and, "I need it now."
Like all bidders for the stationary items, Rogers has 30 days to remove his prize. "I'll get mine out," he says, "before the state gets theirs."


Hardwood vs Softwood: What's The Difference?
It may come as a surprise, but hardwoods and softwoods don't necessarily refer to the physical durability of the end product... In fact, you have to look far deeper to discover the true distinctions.


text:
package com.blastedstudios.freeboot.world.weapon;

import java.io.Serializable;

import com.badlogic.gdx.physics.box2d.Contact;
import com.badlogic.gdx.physics.box2d.Fixture;
import com.badlogic.gdx.physics.box2d.World;
import com.blastedstudios.freeboot.network.Messages.NetWeapon;
import com.blastedstudios.freeboot.physics.ragdoll.IRagdoll;
import com.blastedstudios.freeboot.world.Stats;
import com.blastedstudios.freeboot.world.WorldManager;
import com.blastedstudios.freeboot.world.being.Being;

public abstract class Weapon implements Serializable{
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
	protected int cost, rolls, minLevel;
	protected Stats stats;
	protected String name, resource, fireSound, id;

	public float getDamage() {
		return stats.getDamage();
	}

	public void setDamage(float damage) {
		stats.setDamage(damage);
	}

	public float getAccuracy() {
		return stats.getAccuracy();
	}

	public float getRateOfFire() {
		return stats.getRateOfFire();
	}

	public float getReloadSpeed() {
		return stats.getReloadSpeed();
	}

	public float getMuzzleVelocity() {
		return stats.getMuzzleVelocity();
	}

	public float getRecoil() {
		return stats.getRecoil();
	}

	public int getProjectileCount() {
		return stats.getProjectileCount();
	}

	public int getRoundsPerClip() {
		return stats.getRoundsPerClip();
	}

	public int getCost() {
		return cost;
	}

	public void setCost(int cost) {
		this.cost = cost;
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	@Override public String toString(){
		return "[Gun name:" + name + " dmg: " + getDamage() + "]";
	}

	public String getResource() {
		return resource;
	}

	public void setResource(String resource) {
		this.resource = resource;
	}

	public float getAttack() {
		return stats.getAttack();
	}

	public float getDefense() {
		return stats.getDefense();
	}

	public float getHp() {
		return stats.getHp();
	}

	public float getAttackPerLevel() {
		return stats.getAttackPerLevel();
	}

	public float getDefensePerLevel() {
		return stats.getDefensePerLevel();
	}

	public float getHpPerLevel() {
		return stats.getHpPerLevel();
	}

	public Stats getStats() {
		return stats;
	}

	public void setStats(Stats stats) {
		this.stats = stats;
	}

	public String getFireSound() {
		return fireSound;
	}

	public void setFireSound(String fireSound) {
		this.fireSound = fireSound;
	}

	public String toStringPretty(Being owner) {
		return name;
	}

	public int getRolls() {
		return rolls;
	}

	public int getMinLevel() {
		return minLevel;
	}

	public String getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(String id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public abstract long getMSSinceAttack();
	public abstract boolean canAttack();

	public void beginContact(WorldManager worldManager, Being target,
			Fixture hit, Contact contact, float i){}
	public void activate(World world, IRagdoll ragdoll, Being owner){}
	public void dispose(World world){}
	public void death(World world){}

	public NetWeapon buildMessage(){
		NetWeapon.Builder builder = NetWeapon.newBuilder();
		builder.setId(id);
		return builder.build();
	}
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub