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Smoking in Japan is practiced by around  20,000,000 people,  and the nation is one of the world's largest tobacco markets, though tobacco use has been declining  in recent years.

As of 2019, the Japanese adult smoking rate was 16.7%. By gender, 27.1% of men and 7.6% of women consumed a tobacco product at least once a month. This is the lowest recorded figure since the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare or Japan Tobacco began surveying in 1965.

Per capita consumption in 2016 was 1,583 cigarettes, roughly 45% of the peak consumption of 3,497 in 1977.

History

Until 1985, the tobacco industry was a government-run monopoly; the government of Japan is still involved in the industry through the Ministry of Finance, which after a sell-off in March 2013, now owns only one-third of Japan Tobacco's outstanding stock, and the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, which is active in public health and other tobacco control policymaking.

The Ministry of Finance as well as many MPs of Diet of Japan have interests in the tobacco industry and thus tobacco control legislation is lenient, according to the anti-smoking lobby.

Smoking age
Since 1876, the smoking age in Japan has been 20. Although the age of majority was lowered from 20 to 18 in 2022, the smoking age will remain at 20.

Pricing
The price of a particular brand of cigarettes in Japan is set by manufacturers and approved by the Ministry of Finance. A particular brand of cigarettes costs the same across all vendors, from cigarette machines to big supermarkets to corner shops and bulk purchases are not discounted. As of August 2020, the price of a typical pack of cigarettes ranged from ¥400 to ¥530. Proposed tobacco tax hike in October 2020 will increase the price range to ¥450 to ¥570 for typical brands.

Smoking bans

Unlike in many countries, Japan traditionally had outdoor smoking regulations with more lenient indoor smoking regulations. Outdoor smoking is frowned upon on public streets and local governments typically have bylaws banning smoking on busy public streets.

Except for the fire codes, indoor smoking for private businesses was unregulated until 2019. The general consensus was that the local governments have jurisdiction over smoking in public outdoor spaces, but not within private properties including commercial spaces where businesses are conducted.

In June 2018, the Tokyo Metropolitan Assembly approved indoor smoking regulations targeting commercial spaces in Tokyo and to reduce passive smoking prior to hosting the 2019 Rugby World Cup, 2020 Summer Olympics and Paralympics Games.

In July 2018, the National Diet passed an amendment that bans smoking in public facilities for the first time in the nation's history. The ban was rolled out in stages and fully enforced since April 2020. It makes smoking illegal in public institutions (schools, hospitals, municipal offices etc.) except in special smoking spaces. Restaurants and bars have a ban on indoor smoking except well-ventilated rooms, where drinking or eating is not allowed. However, small pubs like Izakaya are exempted. Establishments with a ¥50 million capitalization or lower and up to 100 m2 floor space can allow smoking if they put up a warning sign.

Indoor smoking ban
Mandatory indoor smoking bans apply to schools, childcare, hospitals, clinics and government administrative buildings throughout Japan. More lenient smoking restrictions apply to other buildings such as workplaces, food establishments and judicial buildings, where indoor smoking is not allowed but a designated smoking room may be constructed, provided access by minors is restricted and no food or drink is served inside. The indoor smoking ban does not apply to smoking clubs or grandfathered food establishments smaller than 100m2, provided no minors are allowed to enter the premises.

Local governments in Japan have the power to enact stricter smoking bylaws. Some prefectures such as Tokyo, Kanagawa and Hyogo have stricter indoor smoking bylaws, although designated indoor smoking areas are typically allowed.

Outdoor smoking ban
Many of the wealthier wards of Tokyo, such as Shinjuku and Shibuya, are applying various kinds of outdoor anti-smoking bylaws. They have designated special outdoor smoking sections in areas and it is punishable by fine if caught smoking outside these areas. Chiyoda-ku banned smoking while walking on busy streets from November 2002, the first local government in Japan to do so.

Starting in 2007, Kyoto began designating certain city streets as non-smoking areas, and have since then been increasing the number of streets designated as such. In a 2010 report, Kyoto Prefecture stated that the major goal of their anti-smoking policies is "to ensure that there is zero chance for people to suffer from second-hand smoke in Kyoto prefecture."

Japanese women and smoking

While a high percentage of men in Japan have smoked throughout in the postwar years, the rate for women for many years hovered between 10 and 15%, followed there too by a decline in recent years to be floating currently a little below 10%.

In the mid-1990s, the number of younger female smokers in particular had risen substantially.  Smoking has since declined among this group as well, but that cohort of women still smokes at a higher rate than their elders.  "The manufacturers were very successful in providing cool images to the consumers," says Ministry of Health and Welfare technical officer Yumiko Mochizuki, when asked to explain the steady rise in female smokers. "Until recently, the Ministry of Health and Welfare had an understanding that smoking was entirely up to the individual."

The government's advertising ban based on the "motherhood" argument was watertight until the tobacco industry was privatized in 1985. Advertising that encourages women to smoke is forbidden in Japan under a voluntary industry agreement. The industry group pledged to voluntarily honor the advertising ban and is charged with enforcing it. United States maker Brown & Williamson sells Capri cigarettes in Japan in slim white boxes with a flower-like design on the cover. R.J. Reynolds' Tokyo billboards for Salem's Pianissimo cigarettes are green-and-pink. Philip Morris advertised its Virginia Slims brand with the slogan "Be You" in an ad campaign.

Other factors contribute to the rise in female smokers. Some observers cite stress, saying that more Japanese women are smoking to relax as more enter the workforce. Media influence is also cited, as many women on popular Japanese television dramas smoke.

Cigarette vending machines

Cigarettes can be bought in tobacco stores and at vending machines, and public ashtrays dot sidewalks and train platforms. The number of cigarette vending machines in Japan was estimated at 500,000 in 2002.

The law prohibits the smoking of cigarettes by persons under the age of twenty.

Taspo is a smart card developed by the Tobacco Institute of Japan, the nationwide association of tobacco retailers, and the Japan Vending Machine Manufacturers Association. Introduced in 2008, the card is necessary to purchase cigarettes from vending machines.

In 2008 Japan Tobacco commissioned  a series of over 70 public service announcement style "smoking manner" posters about smoking etiquette. The ads were displayed in a wide variety of formats ranging from placards in the subway to postcards to beverage coasters.

See also
Onshino Tabako

References

External links
 「マナーの気づき1」篇 グラフィック広告(イラスト一覧) Japan Tobacco

Health law in Japan
Politics of Japan
Japanese culture

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


We are excited to announce the release of our debut CD!
Marilyn Cole, Angela Shankar and Dr. Melissa Kritzer formed Reeds Amis as a reed trio dedicated to the highest artistic performance of chamber music. Members of the trio have taught at Mannes Prep College and Michigan State University.
Based in New York City, the players can be heard on Broadway, and in orchestras including the Rochester, Albany, and Binghamton Philharmonics and in venues such as Avery Fischer Hall and Carnegie Hall.
Reeds Amis brings to light newly discovered historical compositions as well as seek out new works to enrich the repertoire for audiences and for other reed players. Founded by three friends, we draw listeners into our performances through our energy and collaborative spirit.
Reeds Amis was invited to present Decruck's trios at the International Double Reed Society convention in Tokyo the summer of 2015. It was an amazing honor and wonderful opportunity to showcase her music and her story to thousands of double reed performers and professors. The program marked the first live performance of these works in Japan.
The trio is available to hire for weddings, recitals, parties and corporate events.
Join me during the Summer at Chris Komer's Artist's Refuge.
Pyramus Trio members included Marilyn Cole, Angela Shankar (clarinet), and Daniel Hane (bassoon). The group was formed in 2010 to play a piece by David Post in honor of musician and composer Douglas Townsend.
Christopher Stark is a colleague of mine from Montana and he is a brilliant composer. Check out his piece for oboe and electronics!


Replace the password parameter with the credentials for the Zoomdata admin user. Similarly, please make sure that your URL contains the appropriate hostname/IP and port of your Zoomdata environment. This should be similar to the hostname/IP and port specified in your browser.
Make a backup of the original JCE files in case you need to restore these files for some reason. Keep in mind that during this upgrade/installation, these files will be overwritten.
Afterwards, try following the steps to configure SAML in Zoomdata again and this issue should no longer occur.


The European Investment Fund (EIF) is working with the University of Luxembourg to launch a new pilot scheme, allowing students to defer tuition fees and student accommodation rent payments for two years. This agreement will support students from any of the 32 other Erasmus+ Programme Countries to move to Luxembourg in order to undertake their Masters programme at its university.
The new EUR 5 million pilot scheme is expected to benefit more than 300 master students. The University of Luxembourg will not require any collateral or third party guarantees and will offer the new programme at favourable conditions, for example a 5-year repayment plan.
The agreement between the EIF and the University of Luxembourg is the first of its kind in Europe and benefits from the Erasmus+ loan guarantee scheme, funded by the European Union and managed by EIF.
Special advisor Fundraising and former Vice-president of the University of Luxembourg, Eric Tschirhart said: "As the most international higher education institution in Europe, the University of Luxembourg is at the forefront of recruitment of student talents through Erasmus+ and excels as a model of a European research university in the 21st century. The new pilot scheme is an essential action to support new incoming master students to Luxembourg and contributes to the EU Youth Strategy and the Europe 2020 strategy".
EIF has launched a Call for Expression of Interest targeting financial institutions and other intermediaries which provide finance to mobile master students.


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VOA Broadcasting to Pakistan in Urdu
VOA's Urdu service provides a wide variety of programs on multiple platforms, and is a reliable source of news and information in Pakistan and the diaspora. VOA Urdu broadcasts on TV, medium wave, FM networks, and its website carries live streams of the service's TV and radio programs, along with special web-only video.
Date Established: May, 1951
Target Areas: Pakistan, including FATA, Pakistani diaspora in the Middle East, Europe, and Urdu-speaking population in India and around the world.
Weekly audience: 7% in Pakistan
TV: 2 hours 8 minutes weekly (original)
Radio: 18 hours 30 min weekly
Broadcast programs and additional
features are available at:
urduvoa.com
Facebook: VOA Urdu
Twitter: @urduvoa
YouTube: Urdu VOA
urduvoa
Features and Programs
View 360 – a 25-minute show on AAJ News Pakistan, launched on April 17, 2017. A fast-paced news and current affairs show provides unbiased news and views on U.S.- Pakistan relations, education, science, health, entertainment and the Pakistani diaspora. The show engages analysts and experts from different walks of life. It airs Monday to Friday 7:30 PM on AAJ TV.
Washington Bureau - VOA Urdu actively engages as the Washington Bureau with several affiliates in Pakistan, offering TV packages and interviews via Skype, telephone or satellite. Urdu TV team members regularly appear on the news and talk shows of affiliates to offer updates on the latest developments in the U.S.
Web and Digital Platforms
VOA Urdu's website www.urduvoa.com provides web-exclusive interviews, special features and news. It also includes radio and television content, as well as cultural and literary features. Urdu web is also expanding its reach through social media, publishing videos and experimenting with Facebook Live, OBS, Twitter, Periscope and Instagram. VOA Urdu's customized digital content is attracting a large audience and adding thousands of followers on its social media platforms.
VOA Urdu broadcasts three hours of live radio Monday through Friday. This news and current affairs broadcast covers events affecting South Asia and the world, health, education and politics. It also includes call-in interactives and roundtable discussions. The VOA Urdu's radio affiliate, Radio Pakistan, airs a pre-produced 30-minute show seven days a week. The service's radio prime time bulletin and some of the shows are also streamed live on Facebook with an audience of thousands every week.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Did India won the World Cup in 2003?
The tournament was eventually won by Australia who won all 11 of their matches, beating India in the final played at the Wanderers Stadium in Johannesburg. This was Australia's third World Cup win, the only team to do so.
2003 Cricket World Cup.
9 February – 23 March 2003
Runners-up India
Matches 54
Who is India's top scorer in 2003 World Cup?
Most runs in the tournament
Sachin Tendulkar India 673
SC Ganguly India 465
RT Ponting Australia 415
AC Gilchrist Australia 408
Why did the World Cup 2003 have a walkover?
Zimbabwe versus England at the World Cup in 2003
In this hypothetical situation, the former Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, Tony Blair, gave the order for England to avoid traveling to Zimbabwe. However, he asked the International Criminal Court to reconsider the venue, but they declined his plea. Zimbabwe was given a walkover as well as four points for their effort.
Who was India's captain in 2003 World Cup?
Sourav Ganguly, the captain of the team
The captain of India, Sourav Ganguly, finished the competition with the second-highest number of runs scored. Ricky Ponting, the captain of Australia, finished the competition with 415 runs scored.
Has Zimbabwe won World Cup?
The team has never qualified for the finals of the FIFA World Cup, but they have done so five times for the Africa Cup of Nations. In addition, Zimbabwe holds the record for most victories in the COSAFA Cup with six. The team competes in both the FIFA World Cup and the Confederation of African Football Championship (CAF).
What is La Semaine?
How many World Cup have India won?
twice as many World
The Indian cricket team has won the World Cup on two separate occasions. In addition to winning the Cricket World Cup in 1983, they also won the tournament played in their home country in 2011. In that tournament, they defeated Sri Lanka. In addition, they finished in second place at the Cricket World Cup in 2003 and advanced to the semifinals four times (1987, 1996, 2015, 2019).
Who is the most runs in World Cup?
Sachin Tendulkar, a batsman from India, has a variety of individual records pertaining to the World Cup. Tendulkar was recognized as one of the Wisden Cricketers of the Year in 1997 and has been called "the most followed cricketer in the world." He has surpassed the score of fifty more times and scored more runs than any other player in the history of the World Cup.
What is the highest score in World Cup?
Batsman with the Highest Individual Score in the ICC World Cup
Martin Guptill of New Zealand scored 237 runs against the West Indies….
Chris Gayle (West Indies) 215. Vs Zimbabwe. …
Gary Kirsten (South Africa) has the 188th position…
Sourav Ganguly (India) came in at number 183…
Vivian Richards (West Indies) came in at number 181…
… David Warner from Australia 178.
Kapil Dev (India) 175* …
Virender Sehwag (India) 175.
What is walkover in cricket?
A walkover, also known as a W.O. or w/o (originally two words: "walk over"), is awarded to the opposing team/player etc. if there are no other players available, or they have been disqualified, as a result of the fact that the other contestants have forfeited the contest or have withdrawn from the contest. A walkover can also be awarded when there are no other players available.
Why do footballers wear sock sleeves?
Who is the father of cricket?
William Gilbert Grace MRCS LRCP
William Gilbert Grace MRCS LRCP (18 July 1848 – 23 October 1915) was an English amateur cricketer who was important in the development of the sport and is widely considered one of its greatest players.
W. G. Grace.
Years Team
1869–1904 Marylebone Cricket Club
1870–1899 Gloucestershire
1900–1904 London County
How many ICC trophies India won?
The team has finished in second place in the Cricket World Cup once (2003), the ICC T20 World Cup once (2014), and the Champions Trophy twice (2002 and 2013). They have also won the Cricket World Cup twice (1983 and 2011), the ICC T20 World Cup once (2007), and the ICC Champions Trophy twice (2002 and 2013). (2000 and 2017).
Why Zimbabwe is a poor country?
The mining and agriculture industries of Zimbabwe previously propelled the economy of Zimbabwe ahead, helping the country to become a growing economic power in Africa. Nevertheless, the people of Zimbabwe are currently contending with war, widespread corruption within the country, hyperinflation, and industrial mismanagement. A more in-depth examination of the nation sheds light on the conditions that led to the widespread poverty in Zimbabwe.


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Verve™ Raises $30MM in new financing for Strategic Growth Acceleration and International Expansion
Leader in mobile marketing raises capital from long-time partner Silicon Valley Bank to drive market expansion, acquisitions, and technology advancements
NEW YORK, June 20, 2016 /PRNewswire/ -- Verve, the leader in location-powered mobile marketing, today announced that it is expanding its long-standing relationship with Silicon Valley Bank (SVB) with a new $30 million debt financing package.
Growing over 50 percent annually for the past four years, Verve embarked on its international expansion with the opening of its UK office this March. Current campaigns with new European partners are demonstrating strong performance and the new capital will accelerate the expansion of Verve's patented capabilities into other markets. In addition, Verve recently announced increased investment in Verve Velocity, its self-service platform for marketing partners providing location-based mobile solutions for SMB markets. Furthermore, this additional funding will enable Verve to continue building new data and platform solutions for its expanding customer base.
"Silicon Valley Bank has played a pivotal role in Verve's expansion," said Nada Stirratt, Verve CEO. "Verve is a pioneer in the mobile location business, and we have proven our ability to build a rapid-growth, profitable platform with industry-leading margins. This additional investment from SVB allows us to make strategic data and technology acquisitions to complement our distinctive capabilities in the US and abroad."
"Silicon Valley Bank is pleased to continue our long-standing relationship with Verve," said Eric Otterson, Managing Director for SVB in San Diego. "We're impressed by Nada and the leadership team that has realized the company's consistent growth in a highly competitive market. We are thrilled to provide the Verve team with the right financing, connections and global services necessary to facilitate their continued growth."
"We know that the mobile landscape will evolve, and Verve plans to be at the forefront of delivering greater advertising performance for our clients," said Stirratt. "We are doubling the size of our product and engineering team and actively pursuing impressive additions to our portfolio."
ABOUT VERVE™
Verve™ is a location-based mobile marketing platform that connects advertisers with consumers to deliver successful business outcomes. The company's proprietary location intelligence, patented technology, premium inventory, and analytics capabilities empower marketers to identify, reach and engage consumers with compelling advertising experiences.
Headquartered in New York City, Verve has offices in San Diego, San Francisco, Los Angeles, Washington, D.C., Chicago, London, Eastern Europe, India and Southeast Asia. For more information, visit www.vervemobile.com.
About Silicon Valley Bank
For more than 30 years, Silicon Valley Bank (SVB) has helped innovative companies and their investors move bold ideas forward, fast. SVB provides targeted financial services and expertise through its offices in innovation centers around the world. With commercial, international and private banking services, SVB helps address the unique needs of innovators. Learn more at svb.com.
CONTACT: Jessica.Anderson@groupsjr.com
SOURCE Verve
http://www.vervemobile.com


At BSI, Kiana focuses on Autopac transactions as an auto only Insurance Broker. She had come to BSI as a summer student in 2015 and is currently attending the University of Manitoba, studying business. Kiana is a Level 1 insurance broker.
Kiana enjoys spending time with friends and family as well as reading and watching movies. She also enjoys participating in community indoor and beach volleyball leagues.


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Rainsy: EU Trade Move to Bolster Bid for Cambodian Democracy
KUALA LUMPUR - Exiled Cambodian opposition leader Sam Rainsy said Tuesday the European Union's assessment of whether to suspend trade privileges for his country will add momentum to efforts to restore democracy despite a government crackdown.
The EU finalized a preliminary report Tuesday that Sam Rainsy said would be the basis for suspending trade privileges for Cambodia. The EU announced earlier this year that it would begin a monitoring process to decide on the ending of preferential duty-free and quota-free imports from the Southeast Asian nation. It said it acted on concerns that Cambodia was limiting human and labor rights.
The EU did not immediately make the report public but said it had been sent to the Cambodian authorities.
The report comes amid several developments that have shaken the Cambodian political scene.
Sam Rainsy made a well-publicized trip in which he vowed to return to his homeland to spark a popular movement to unseat long-serving authoritarian Prime Minister Hun Sen. Cambodia's government had said he and other exiled colleagues were unwelcome, and managed to hinder them from entering on Saturday, their intended date.
However, as Sam Rainsy found himself stuck in Malaysia, a Cambodian court announced Sunday that it was releasing from house arrest Kem Sokha, his co-leader in the opposition Cambodia National Rescue Party, who had been detained without trial for more than two years on a treason charge widely seen as specious. It retained the charge against him and barred him from political activity.
The release of Kem Sokha suggested that Hun Sen, whose hard line included detaining scores of opposition supporters accused of supporting Sam Rainsy's return plan, may be seeking to assuage his critics - especially the EU - by projecting an image of compromise.
The possibility of the EU junking Cambodia's trade privileges is perhaps the greatest leverage the opposition holds over the situation, as an economic downturn could erode the support Hun Sen has earned with Cambodia's economic growth.
"If they don't want Cambodia to face an economic crisis, with hundreds of thousands of workers losing their jobs, they must restore democracy," Sam Rainsy told a news conference outside Malaysia's Parliament building after meeting a group of Malaysian lawmakers.
The EU initiated its move after Hun Sen's ruling party won a sweeping victory in 2018 elections. The EU and others said the polls were not free and fair because the Cambodia National Rescue Party - the sole credible opposition force - was dissolved in 2017 by Cambodia's Supreme Court, which is seen as being under the government's influence.
Sam Rainsy insisted Tuesday that the timing was now right for peaceful resistance to topple Hun Sen's government due to the "unique combination of internal pressure and external pressure."
Phnom Penh's release of Kem Sokha from house arrest was an indication of mounting pressure on the government, he said.
Cambodian Deputy Prime Minister Sar Kheng said Sunday on his Facebook page that Sam Rainsy was now allowed to enter Cambodia but would have to face a raft of charges and standing convictions. Sam Rainsy did not say Tuesday when he might make the journey.
"I will stay in the region because the situation can change very quickly, and I will go back to Cambodia," he said.


High ranking political officials kissing babies is a cliché by now. Voters liked to see these great leaders humble themselves to show affection for the most vulnerable and helpless members of society - babies. It was a political gold mine first proposed by Jesus. In the passage above, Jesus' disciples want to know which one of them was Jesus' favorite. They measured greatness just as their culture of the day measured greatest - in terms of power, influence and honor. Jesus, on the other hand, pulls aside a child and says that the person who welcomes this child in his name is the greatest. In Jesus' time, children were not doted on at all as they are in our society today; they were another mouth to feed and sometimes seen as silly when they would want to play and not work.
Children were seen as the "least" or not having much value in Jesus' day, but Jesus flips this understanding to teach the disciples what the kingdom of God is all about - the least is the greatest and the greatest is the least. Strange. Basically, Jesus is trying to teach that the roles and honorary titles we create in our society to elevate people - through education, politics, marrying into certain families, hanging out with certain people, taking on a certain job - do not make us greater to God. Jesus says we become great when we show love and acceptance and welcome to the least. That idea was countercultural in Jesus time and it's still countercultural today. We love to be bright shiny stars for all to see...it's much harder to love people who aren't popular or culturally "worthwhile". Who do you see as the "least" in your life? Why is that?
Gracious God, open my heart to see that you have created and love all people. Help me to see others as you see them and to welcome everyone in your name. Amen.


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Zebrafish discovery could hold the key to better-understanding motor neurone disease
Researchers used refined UV laser 'ablation' in living zebrafish to learn how MND progresses from one neurone to the next. A mystery that currently eludes the scientific community.
New findings desperately needed to better-understand the debilitating MND – a condition, with no-known cure, that leaves patients 'locked' in their own body and dead within three years.
MND targets and kills motor neurones, gradually weakening the muscles and leading to the inability to walk, speak, swallow, and eventually, breathe.
Researchers from Macquarie University's MQ Health are the first in the world to use a refined UV laser ablation technique to study the cellular behaviour of MND in living zebrafish. New findings, published in the Journal of Visualized Experiments on 3 February 2017, aim to better-understand how the disease spreads from neurone to neurone, through the body, in order to ultimately stop the debilitating disease in its tracks.
Postdoctoral fellow in Biomedical Sciences at Macquarie University's MQ Health, in Sydney, Marco Morsch, and his research team, have discovered a new, targeted combination technique that is capable of stressing, or killing, an individual unhealthy cell, without affecting any neighbouring healthy cells. This method is a first of its kind for potentially unlocking the secrets of MND.
"We know that some neurones contain a collection of proteins that play an important role in the cause and progression of MND," said Morsch.
"However, what the scientific community still doesn't know is how exactly the disease spreads to other parts of the body. By visualising how these disease-related proteins get cleared, or manage to move to another cell, we may be able to identify ways to interfere with this mechanism of propagation in order to slow, or ideally, stop progression."
Understanding this is critical, especially in relation to the neurodegenerative condition MND – also known as ALS, and which was at the centre of the worldwide 'Ice Bucket Challenge' phenomenon – which affects motor neurones in the brainstem, motor cortex and spinal cord, severely limiting a patient's quality of life.
MND targets and kills motor neurones, gradually weakening the muscles and leading to the inability to walk, speak, swallow, and eventually, breathe. MND has a three-to-five year life expectancy after diagnosis.
"Being able to actually visualise the death of a motor neurone and its short-term consequences in a living, transparent zebrafish provides the opportunity to better-understand the disease progression, and hopefully, over time, stop it from further developing in patients," said Morsch.
"Our approach is unique – and especially exciting for MND – as we are able, for the first time, to target only a single cell that we know is expressing the MND protein (fluorescently labelled) and then follow it up with single-cell resolution microscopy. Together, this could allow us to decipher, in great detail, the 'route' of these proteins after their host has died."
Zebrafish have emerged as an attractive model system to study neurogenerative diseases because of its short maturity time, visual access to the nervous system and ease of transgenesis – the act of introducing a gene that will then be passed on to its offspring. Much of a human's protein-coding genes are related to genes found in the zebrafish, making it a perfect specimen for studying.
"The main cellular processes are very similar and applicable between different species."
"Understanding the fundamental disease mechanisms will ultimately help to improve the quality of life for these patients and families, and will be essential to find a much-needed cure for this devastating disease," Morsch concluded.
Motor Neurone Disease fundraiser challenge
Kitesurfers set to break a world record to raise vital funds for Motor Neurone Disease research
Filed under: Health & medicine Research Uncategorized
Credit: Chris Stacey
anna.garcia@mq.edu.au
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James Harden's hot hand freezes Suns in 115-109 win
A magical fourth quarter performance from The Beard.
By Jeremy_Brener@JeremyBrener Dec 7, 2019, 9:49pm CST
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Photo by Tim Warner/Getty Images
The Rockets are happy campers Saturday night after their 115-109 win over the Suns.
It was a back and forth affair between Houston and Phoenix in a game with 10 ties and eight lead changes.
The Suns began the game with the momentum, charging out to a 20-9 lead early thanks to a strong scoring effort from Devin Booker, who would end up with a game-high 35.
The Rockets would claw back into the game in the second quarter, led by Russell Westbrook and Ben McLemore. The Rockets would win the second quarter 37-21 and went into halftime with an eight point lead.
The Suns were able to chip away at their deficit and managed to square it back up at 85 with nine minutes left in the fourth quarter.
Then the Beard took flight.
James Harden entered the fourth quarter with 9:48 left in the game and just 16 points. The Beard had been contained nicely by the Suns' defensive approach and missed his first nine three-point attempts.
Harden scored 18 of the Rockets' final 30 points in the contest to push them ahead and seal the deal for the Rockets.
Despite his incredible fourth quarter performance, Harden's game overall was inefficient. He did play well on the defensive end with three steals and a block but his offensive game was something left to be desired. He shot 8-27 from the floor and made just three of his 17 shots from beyond the arc.
Luckily for The Beard, his Brodie Russell Westbrook was able to bail him out.
Westbrook put on possibly his most impressive display as a Rocket with 24 points on 10-18 shooting to go with 14 rebounds and 11 assists for his third straight triple-double.
Ben McLemore also continued his hot streak, shooting 10-15 off the bench with 27 points.
Without Westbrook and McLemore, this game does not end up in the win column for the Rockets.
McLemore is playing the best basketball of his career and what he has been able to do over the past few games has been extraordinary. In his last four games, McLemore is averaging 22.5 points per game shooting over 57 percent from the field.
Tonight proved that Harden will have stretches where he is just cold. Before the fourth quarter tonight, he had not looked too good volume-wise in Toronto or tonight and he might go through some slumps.
However, the Rockets have the supporting cast that can properly pick up Harden's slack and that could lead this Rockets team a very long way.
The Rockets look to extend their winning streak to three Monday night as they face the Kings. Tipoff is at 7 PM CT.
A discussion on Christian Wood trade scenarios It's time for Christian Wood to find a new home. I was joined by Nathan Fogg of Tea and Rockets to figure out the best situation for Wood.
Rockets 118, Kings 112: Houston Clutches Up Down Stretch in Win The Rockets get a split in Sacramento.
Forever a Dream Shaker Time to move on, but time not forgotten.


Linking reading to technology, the White House marshaled major book publishers to provide more than $250 million in free e-books to low-income students. Commitments from local governments and schools across the country to ensure that every student has a library card are also being sought.
The offer of e-books comes as low-income households still lag far behind others in computer ownership. But White House officials said libraries and schools in poor communities are increasing access to the Internet. Among the publishers participating in the program are familiar names such as Macmillan, Simon & Schuster and Penguin Random House.
At the same time, Obama will appeal to library directors, local governments and school officials to work together. The president wants them to provide universal access to library cards. The White House already has commitments from 30 cities and counties. They range from Baltimore to San Francisco and points in between.
Obama's ConnectEd program aims to make broadband Internet access available to 99 percent of American students by 2018. Already, companies such as Apple have pledged to provide $100 million worth of devices to lower-income schools. That is according to Jeff Zients, the director of the White House National Economic Council.
The announcement came after Obama called on Americans to do "some soul searching" in the wake of riots that have shaken minority communities.
"If we're serious about living up to what our country is about, then we have to consider what we can do to provide opportunities in every community. Not just when they're on the front page, but every day," Zients said.
A U.S. Census Bureau study of computer and Internet use issued in November found that in 2013 nearly 84 percent of households reported owning a computer. Among households with incomes under $25,000, however, only 62 percent said they owned a computer.
"They may not be on the grid at home," said Cecilia Munoz, director of Obama's Domestic Policy Council. But they certainly have Internet access at school, she said.
I think that it is beneficial and helpful to the students and families if major book publishers would allow low income students to get free e-books. The White House is making it possible for more people to read books and stories from the internet. Households with incomes under twenty five thousand dollars are less likely to have a computer because they might use the money for more important reasons or they don't have enough money to buy a computer and pay the bills for the cable or signal.


text:
News / Ameenee Magu
Ameenee Magu redevelopment to be carried out in two phases: RDC
Mohamed Rehan
Ameenee Magu; one of the main roads in Male' City is currently under redevelopment -- a project carried out by Road Development Corporation (RDC)-- Photo: Fayaz Moosa | Mihaaru
Road Development Corporation (RDC) has said that the redevelopment of Ameenee Magu in Malé City will be carried out in two phases.
An official from RDC told "Mihaaru" on Tuesday that they were working tirelessly to complete the project, which involves laying asphalt on one of the main roads of the capital city. However, the official noted that there were delays due to pending upgrades from the State Electric Company (STELCO) and Malé Water and Sewerage Company (MWSC).
Asphalt works will commence once paving has been completed up to Billabong International School, which is situated at a juncture in the center of the road. According to RDC, vehicles will be allowed to travel on the road when the paving work is complete, even if the asphalt work is not.
The redevelopment work of Ameenee Magu has garnered public scrutiny as there has been no visible asphalt laid on the road despite work commencing three months ago.
The Ministry of National Planning, Housing and Infrastructure contracted the work to RDC on July 3, 2022. The corporation officially commenced the project on August 30; RDC was given 10 months to complete the road redevelopment project.
The MVR 84 million state-funded project includes laying of asphalt across 1.7 kilometres of road as well as the installation of a water drainage network.
Road Construction Ameenee Magu National Planning, Housing and Infrastructure Road Development Corporation


text:
Q: onPress event not working with MapboxGL.MarkerView I an using "import MapboxGL,{MarkerView} from "@react-native-mapbox-gl/maps" for maps.
      return (
  <MarkerView coordinate={coordinate}  key={key}  onPress= {()=>console.log("pressed")}>
      <View style={{
          height: 20,
          width: 70,
          backgroundColor: '#fff',

          borderColor: '#fff',
          borderWidth: 3
        }}
      >

                <TouchableHighlight onPress= {()=>console.log("pressed")}>

                  <Text style={{color:"#000000"}} >{label}</Text>
                  </TouchableHighlight>

        </View>

  </MarkerView>

 );
 };

On press event is not working with marker view here.

A: Actucally onPress property is not exist on MarkerView check here
https://github.com/react-native-mapbox-gl/maps/blob/master/docs/MarkerView.md
Instead of MarkerView use MapboxGL.PointAnnotation and in this you can use it's onSelected function like that:
<MapboxGL.MapView
     ref={(c) => (this._map = c)}>
         <MapboxGL.PointAnnotation
              onSelected={() => console.log("pressed")}
         >
            <Image source={require('./assets/marker.png')} />
         </MapboxGL.PointAnnotation>
</MapboxGL.MapView>

for more properties requirement check:
https://github.com/react-native-mapbox-gl/maps/blob/master/docs/PointAnnotation.md

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
define([
	'jquery',
	'underscore',
	'utils',
	'constants',
	'settings',
	'eventMgr',
	'crel',
	'mousetrap',
	'hammerjs'
], function($, _, utils, constants, settings, eventMgr, crel, mousetrap, hammer) {
	var layout = {};

	var resizerSize = 32;
	var togglerSize = 60;
	var navbarHeight = 50;
	var editorMinSize = {
		width: 250,
		height: 140
	};
	var previewMinSize = {
		width: 330,
		height: 160
	};
	var menuPanelWidth = 280;
	var documentPanelWidth = 320;
	var titleMinWidth = 200;
	var previewButtonsClosedOffset = 18;
	var previewButtonsDropdownMargin = 130;
	var previewButtonsOffset = {
		x: -45,
		y: -6
	};
	var windowSize;

	var wrapperL1, wrapperL2, wrapperL3;
	var navbar, menuPanel, documentPanel, editor, previewPanel, previewContainer, navbarToggler, previewToggler, previewResizer, previewButtons;

	var animate = false;

	function startAnimation() {
		animate = true;
		wrapperL1.$elt.addClass('layout-animate');
	}

	function endAnimation() {
		animate = false;
		wrapperL1.$elt.removeClass('layout-animate');
	}

	function DomObject(selector) {
		this.selector = selector;
		this.elt = document.querySelector(selector);
		this.$elt = $(this.elt);
	}

	var transitionEndTimeoutId;
	var transitionEndCallbacks = [];

	function onTransitionEnd(evt) {
		if(!evt ||
			evt.target === wrapperL1.elt ||
			evt.target === wrapperL2.elt ||
			evt.target === previewPanel.elt
			) {
			transitionEndCallbacks.forEach(function(callback) {
				callback();
			});
			endAnimation();
			transitionEndCallbacks.length !== 0 && onResize();
			transitionEndCallbacks = [];
		}
	}

	DomObject.prototype.applyCss = function() {

		// Top/left/Bottom/Right
		this.top !== undefined && (this.elt.style.top = this.top + 'px');
		this.left !== undefined && (this.elt.style.left = this.left + 'px');
		this.bottom !== undefined && (this.elt.style.bottom = this.bottom + 'px');
		this.right !== undefined && (this.elt.style.right = this.right + 'px');

		// Translate
		if(this.x !== undefined || this.y !== undefined) {
			this.x = this.x || 0;
			this.y = this.y || 0;
			this.elt.style['-webkit-transform'] = 'translate(' + this.x + 'px, ' + this.y + 'px)';
			this.elt.style['-ms-transform'] = 'translate(' + this.x + 'px, ' + this.y + 'px)';
			this.elt.style.transform = 'translate(' + this.x + 'px, ' + this.y + 'px)';
		}

		// Width (deferred when animate if new width is smaller)
		if(animate && this.width < this.oldWidth) {
			transitionEndCallbacks.push(_.bind(function() {
				this.elt.style.width = this.width + 'px';
			}, this));
		}
		else {
			this.width !== undefined && (this.elt.style.width = this.width + 'px');
		}
		this.oldWidth = this.width;

		// Height (deferred when animate if new height is smaller)
		if(animate && this.height < this.oldHeight) {
			transitionEndCallbacks.push(_.bind(function() {
				this.elt.style.height = this.height + 'px';
			}, this));
		}
		else {
			this.height !== undefined && (this.elt.style.height = this.height + 'px');
		}
		this.oldHeight = this.height;

		// Just in case transitionEnd event doesn't happen
		clearTimeout(transitionEndTimeoutId);
		animate && (transitionEndTimeoutId = setTimeout(onTransitionEnd, 800));
	};

	DomObject.prototype.createToggler = function(backdrop) {
		var $backdropElt;
		var pushedEvents = 0;
		this.toggle = function(show) {
			if(show === this.isOpen) {
				return;
			}
			this.isOpen = _.isBoolean(show) ? show : !this.isOpen;
			if(this.isOpen) {
				this.isShown = true;
				this.$elt.addClass('panel-open').trigger('show.layout.toggle');
				if(backdrop) {
					$backdropElt = $(utils.createBackdrop(wrapperL1.elt)).on('click.backdrop', _.bind(function() {
						this.toggle(false);
					}, this));
					this.$elt.addClass('bring-to-front');
				}
				transitionEndCallbacks.push(_.bind(function() {
					if(--pushedEvents === 0) {
						if(this.isOpen) {
							this.$elt.trigger('shown.layout.toggle');
						}
					}
				}, this));
			}
			else {
				this.$elt.trigger('hide.layout.toggle');
				if($backdropElt) {
					$backdropElt.off('click.backdrop');
					$backdropElt[0].removeBackdrop();
					$backdropElt = undefined;
				}
				transitionEndCallbacks.push(_.bind(function() {
					if(--pushedEvents === 0) {
						if(!this.isOpen) {
							this.isShown = false;
							this.$elt.removeClass('panel-open bring-to-front').trigger('hidden.layout.toggle');
						}
					}
				}, this));
			}
			pushedEvents++;
			startAnimation();
			resizeAll();
		};
	};
	DomObject.prototype.initHammer = function(drag) {
		this.hammer = hammer(this.elt, {
			drag: drag ? true : false,
			drag_max_touches: 0,
			gesture: false,
			hold: false,
			release: false,
			swipe: drag ? false : true,
			tap: false,
			touch: false,
			transform: false
		});
	};

	var maxWidthMap = [
		{ screenWidth: 0, maxWidth: 600 * settings.maxWidthRatio },
		{ screenWidth: 1000, maxWidth: 700 * settings.maxWidthRatio },
		{ screenWidth: 1200, maxWidth: 800 * settings.maxWidthRatio },
		{ screenWidth: 1400, maxWidth: 900 * settings.maxWidthRatio }
	];
	var maxWidthMapReversed = maxWidthMap.slice(0).reverse();

	function getMaxWidth() {
		return _.find(maxWidthMapReversed, function(value) {
			return windowSize.width > value.screenWidth;
		}).maxWidth;
	}

	var editorContentElt;
	var previewContentElt;
	var editorMarginElt;
	var navbarInnerElt;
	var navbarDropdownElt;
	var $navbarDropdownBtnElt;
	var navbarTitleContainerElt;
	var $navbarTitleElt;
	var navbarBtnGroups = [];
	var navbarBtnGroupsWidth = [
		80,
		80,
		160,
		160,
		80,
		40
	].map(function(width) {
			return width + 18; // Add margin
		});
	var navbarMarginWidth = 18 * 2 + 25 + 25;
	var buttonsDropdownWidth = 40;
	var viewerButtonGroupWidth = 100;
	var workingIndicatorWidth = 18 + 70;

	function onResize() {
		var paddingBottom = wrapperL3.height - 60;

		var editorPadding = (editor.elt.offsetWidth - getMaxWidth()) / 2;
		if(editorPadding < constants.EDITOR_DEFAULT_PADDING) {
			editorPadding = constants.EDITOR_DEFAULT_PADDING;
		}
		editorContentElt.style.paddingLeft = editorPadding + 'px';
		editorContentElt.style.paddingRight = editorPadding + 'px';
		editorContentElt.style.paddingBottom = paddingBottom + 'px';
		editorMarginElt.style.width = editorPadding + 'px';

		var previewPadding = (previewContainer.elt.offsetWidth - getMaxWidth()) / 2;
		if(previewPadding < constants.EDITOR_DEFAULT_PADDING) {
			previewPadding = constants.EDITOR_DEFAULT_PADDING;
		}
		previewContentElt.style.paddingLeft = previewPadding + 'px';
		previewContentElt.style.paddingRight = previewPadding + 'px';
		previewContentElt.style.paddingBottom = paddingBottom + 'px';

		var maxWidth = navbarMarginWidth + workingIndicatorWidth + titleMinWidth + buttonsDropdownWidth;
		if(window.viewerMode) {
			maxWidth = navbarMarginWidth + workingIndicatorWidth + titleMinWidth + viewerButtonGroupWidth;
		}
		var titleWidth = windowSize.width - maxWidth + titleMinWidth;
		navbarBtnGroups.forEach(function(group, index) {
			maxWidth += group.width;
			index === navbarBtnGroups.length - 1 && (maxWidth -= buttonsDropdownWidth);
			if(windowSize.width < maxWidth) {
				navbarDropdownElt.appendChild(group.elt);
			}
			else {
				navbarInnerElt.insertBefore(group.elt, navbarTitleContainerElt);
				titleWidth = windowSize.width - maxWidth + titleMinWidth;
			}
		});
		$navbarTitleElt.css({
			maxWidth: titleWidth
		});
		$navbarDropdownBtnElt.toggleClass('hide', navbarDropdownElt.children.length === 0);

		eventMgr.onLayoutResize();
	}

	var isVertical = settings.layoutOrientation == "vertical";

	function fixViewportScrolling() {
		// Fix a weird viewport behavior using pageup/pagedown in Webkit
		wrapperL1.width = windowSize.width + menuPanelWidth + (documentPanel.isShown ? documentPanelWidth : 0);
		wrapperL1.elt.style.width = wrapperL1.width + 'px';
		documentPanel.right = documentPanel.isShown ? 0 : -documentPanelWidth;
		documentPanel.elt.style.right = documentPanel.right + 'px';
	}

	function resizeAll() {
		windowSize = {
			width: window.innerWidth,
			height: window.innerHeight
		};

		while(true) {
			// Layout wrapper level 1
			wrapperL1.y = navbar.isOpen ? 0 : -navbarHeight;
			wrapperL1.x = menuPanel.isOpen ? 0 : documentPanel.isOpen ? -(menuPanelWidth + documentPanelWidth) : -menuPanelWidth;
			wrapperL1.width = windowSize.width + menuPanelWidth + documentPanelWidth;
			wrapperL1.height = windowSize.height - wrapperL1.y;

			// Layout wrapper level 2
			wrapperL2.left = menuPanelWidth;
			wrapperL2.width = windowSize.width;
			wrapperL2.height = wrapperL1.height;

			// Layout wrapper level 3
			wrapperL3.top = navbarHeight;
			wrapperL3.width = windowSize.width;
			wrapperL3.height = wrapperL1.height - navbarHeight;

			wrapperL1.applyCss();
			wrapperL2.applyCss();
			wrapperL3.applyCss();

			if(window.viewerMode) {
				previewPanel.width = wrapperL3.width;
				previewPanel.height = wrapperL3.height;
				previewContainer.width = wrapperL3.width;
				previewContainer.height = wrapperL3.height;

				previewPanel.applyCss();
				previewContainer.applyCss();
				return onResize();
			}

			if(navbar.isOpen && wrapperL3.height < editorMinSize.height + resizerSize) {
				navbar.isOpen = false;
				navbar.$elt.trigger('hide.layout.toggle').trigger('hidden.layout.toggle');
				continue;
			}

			if(isVertical) {
				if(!previewPanel.isOpen) {
					previewPanel.y = wrapperL3.height - resizerSize;
				}
				else {
					if(previewPanel.halfSize) {
						previewPanel.height = (wrapperL3.height + resizerSize) / 2;
					}
					if(previewPanel.height < previewMinSize.height) {
						previewPanel.height = previewMinSize.height;
					}
					previewPanel.y = wrapperL3.height - previewPanel.height;
					if(previewPanel.y < editorMinSize.height) {
						var previewPanelHeight = wrapperL3.height - editorMinSize.height;
						if(previewPanelHeight < previewMinSize.height) {
							previewPanel.isOpen = false;
							previewPanel.$elt.trigger('hide.layout.toggle').trigger('hidden.layout.toggle');
							continue;
						}
						previewPanel.height = previewPanelHeight;
						previewPanel.y = wrapperL3.height - previewPanel.height;
					}
				}
				previewPanel.width = wrapperL3.width;
				editor.height = previewPanel.y;
				editor.width = wrapperL3.width;
				previewContainer.top = resizerSize;
				previewContainer.height = previewPanel.height - resizerSize;
				previewContainer.width = previewPanel.width;
				navbarToggler.width = togglerSize;
				previewToggler.width = togglerSize;
				previewToggler.x = (previewPanel.width - togglerSize) / 2;
				previewResizer.width = previewContainer.width;
			}
			else {
				if(!previewPanel.isOpen) {
					previewPanel.x = wrapperL3.width - resizerSize;
				}
				else {
					if(previewPanel.halfSize) {
						previewPanel.width = (wrapperL3.width + resizerSize) / 2;
					}
					if(previewPanel.width < previewMinSize.width) {
						previewPanel.width = previewMinSize.width;
					}
					previewPanel.x = wrapperL3.width - previewPanel.width;
					if(previewPanel.x < editorMinSize.width) {
						var previewPanelWidth = wrapperL3.width - editorMinSize.width;
						if(previewPanelWidth < previewMinSize.width) {
							previewPanel.isOpen = false;
							previewPanel.$elt.trigger('hide.layout.toggle').trigger('hidden.layout.toggle');
							continue;
						}
						previewPanel.width = previewPanelWidth;
						previewPanel.x = wrapperL3.width - previewPanel.width;
					}
				}
				previewPanel.height = wrapperL3.height;
				editor.width = previewPanel.x;
				editor.height = wrapperL3.height;
				previewContainer.left = resizerSize;
				previewContainer.width = previewPanel.width - resizerSize;
				previewContainer.height = previewPanel.height;
				navbarToggler.height = togglerSize;
				previewToggler.height = togglerSize;
				previewToggler.y = (previewPanel.height - togglerSize) / 2;
				previewResizer.height = previewContainer.height;
			}
			break;
		}

		navbarToggler.$elt.toggleClass('open', navbar.isOpen);
		previewToggler.$elt.toggleClass('open', previewPanel.isOpen);
		previewResizer.$elt.toggleClass('open', previewPanel.isOpen);

		editor.applyCss();
		previewPanel.applyCss();
		previewContainer.applyCss();
		previewToggler.applyCss();
		previewResizer.applyCss();
		navbarToggler.applyCss();

		fixViewportScrolling();
		previewButtons.adjustPosition();

		onResize();
	}

	layout.init = function() {

		var isModalShown = 0;
		$(document.body).on('show.bs.modal', '.modal', function() {
			// Close panel if open
			menuPanel.toggle(false);
			documentPanel.toggle(false);
			isModalShown++;
		}).on('hidden.bs.modal', '.modal', function() {
			isModalShown--;
		});

		// Tweak the body element
		(function(bodyStyle) {
			bodyStyle.position = 'absolute';
			bodyStyle.top = 0;
			bodyStyle.left = 0;
			bodyStyle.bottom = 0;
			bodyStyle.right = 0;
			bodyStyle.overflow = 'hidden';
		})(document.body.style);
		document.documentElement.style.overflow = 'hidden';

		wrapperL1 = new DomObject('.layout-wrapper-l1');
		wrapperL2 = new DomObject('.layout-wrapper-l2');
		wrapperL3 = new DomObject('.layout-wrapper-l3');
		navbar = new DomObject('.navbar');
		menuPanel = new DomObject('.menu-panel');
		documentPanel = new DomObject('.document-panel');
		editor = new DomObject('#wmd-input');
		previewPanel = new DomObject('.preview-panel');
		previewContainer = new DomObject('.preview-container');
		navbarToggler = new DomObject('.layout-toggler-navbar');
		previewToggler = new DomObject('.layout-toggler-preview');
		previewResizer = new DomObject('.layout-resizer-preview');
		previewButtons = new DomObject('.extension-preview-buttons');

		editorContentElt = editor.elt.querySelector('.editor-content');
		previewContentElt = document.getElementById('preview-contents');
		editorMarginElt = editor.elt.querySelector('.editor-margin');
		navbarInnerElt = navbar.elt.querySelector('.navbar-inner');
		navbarDropdownElt = navbar.elt.querySelector('.buttons-dropdown .dropdown-menu');
		$navbarDropdownBtnElt = navbar.$elt.find('.buttons-dropdown');
		navbarTitleContainerElt = navbar.elt.querySelector('.title-container');
		$navbarTitleElt = navbar.$elt.find('.file-title-navbar, .input-file-title');

		// Fix a weird viewport behavior using pageup/pagedown in Webkit
		$([
			wrapperL1.elt,
			wrapperL2.elt,
			wrapperL3.elt
		]).on('scroll', function() {
			this.scrollLeft = 0;
		});

		_.each(navbar.elt.querySelectorAll('.right-buttons'), function(btnGroupElt) {
			navbarBtnGroups.push({
				elt: btnGroupElt,
				width: navbarBtnGroupsWidth.shift()
			});
		});
		_.each(navbar.elt.querySelectorAll('.left-buttons'), function(btnGroupElt) {
			navbarBtnGroups.push({
				elt: btnGroupElt,
				width: navbarBtnGroupsWidth.shift()
			});
		});

		wrapperL1.$elt.toggleClass('layout-vertical', isVertical);
		wrapperL1.$elt.on("webkitTransitionEnd otransitionend oTransitionEnd msTransitionEnd transitionend", onTransitionEnd);

		navbar.isOpen = true;
		navbar.createToggler();
		navbarToggler.$elt.click(_.bind(navbar.toggle, navbar));

		previewPanel.isOpen = true;
		previewPanel.createToggler();
		previewPanel.halfSize = true;
		previewToggler.$elt.click(_.bind(previewPanel.toggle, previewPanel));

		// Open StackEdit Viewer if failing to open the preview
		previewPanel.$elt.on('show.layout.toggle', function() {
			_.defer(function() {
				if(!previewPanel.isOpen) {
					window.location.href = 'viewer';
				}
			});
		});

		documentPanel.isOpen = false;
		documentPanel.createToggler(true);
		documentPanel.$elt.find('.toggle-button').click(_.bind(documentPanel.toggle, documentPanel));

		// Hide panels when clicking on a non collapse element
		documentPanel.$elt.on('click', 'a[data-toggle!=collapse]', _.bind(documentPanel.toggle, documentPanel, false));

		// Focus on editor when document panel is closed
		documentPanel.$elt.on('hidden.layout.toggle', function() {
			fixViewportScrolling();
			isModalShown || editor.elt.focus();
		});

		menuPanel.isOpen = false;
		if(!window.viewerMode) {
			menuPanel.createToggler(true);
			menuPanel.$elt.find('.toggle-button').click(_.bind(menuPanel.toggle, menuPanel));

			// Hide panels when clicking on a non collapse element
			menuPanel.$elt.on('click', 'a[data-toggle!=collapse]', _.bind(menuPanel.toggle, menuPanel, false));

			// Close all open sub-menus when one submenu opens and when panel is closed
			menuPanel.$elt.on('show.bs.collapse hidden.layout.toggle', function() {
				menuPanel.$elt.find('.in').collapse('hide');
			});

			// Focus on editor when menu panel is closed
			menuPanel.$elt.on('hidden.layout.toggle', function() {
				isModalShown || editor.elt.focus();
			});

			// Gesture

			/*
			navbar.initHammer();
			menuPanel.initHammer();
			documentPanel.initHammer();
			previewButtons.initHammer();

			navbar.hammer.on('swiperight', _.bind(menuPanel.toggle, menuPanel, true));
			navbar.hammer.on('swipeleft', _.bind(documentPanel.toggle, documentPanel, true));
			navbar.hammer.on('swipeup', _.bind(navbar.toggle, navbar, false));

			menuPanel.hammer.on('swiperight', _.bind(menuPanel.toggle, menuPanel, true));
			menuPanel.hammer.on('swipeleft', _.bind(menuPanel.toggle, menuPanel, false));

			documentPanel.hammer.on('swipeleft', _.bind(documentPanel.toggle, documentPanel, true));
			documentPanel.hammer.on('swiperight', _.bind(documentPanel.toggle, documentPanel, false));
			*/

			previewResizer.initHammer(true);
			var resizerInitialSize;
			previewResizer.hammer.on('dragstart', function() {
				resizerInitialSize = {
					width: previewPanel.width,
					height: previewPanel.height
				};
			}).on('drag', function(evt) {
				if(isVertical) {
					previewPanel.height = resizerInitialSize.height - evt.gesture.deltaY;
				}
				else {
					previewPanel.width = resizerInitialSize.width - evt.gesture.deltaX;
				}
				evt.gesture.preventDefault();
				previewPanel.halfSize = false;
				resizeAll();
			});
		}

		previewButtons.initHammer(true);
		previewButtons.adjustPosition = function() {
			if(!previewButtons.isDragged) {
				return;
			}
			var minX = -windowSize.width + previewButtons.elt.offsetWidth;
			var minY = -windowSize.height + previewButtons.elt.offsetHeight;
			this.x < minX && (this.x = minX);
			this.y < minY && (this.y = minY);
			this.x > 0 && (this.x = 0);
			this.y > 0 && (this.y = 0);
			this.applyCss();
		};

		var buttonsInitialCoord;
		previewButtons.hammer.on('dragstart', function() {
			previewButtons.isOpen = true;
			previewButtons.isDragged = true;
			previewButtons.$elt.removeClass('closed animate');
			wrapperL2.$elt.addClass('dragging');
			buttonsInitialCoord = {
				x: previewButtons.x,
				y: previewButtons.y
			};
		}).on('drag', function(evt) {
			previewButtons.x = buttonsInitialCoord.x + evt.gesture.deltaX;
			previewButtons.y = buttonsInitialCoord.y + evt.gesture.deltaY;
			previewButtons.adjustPosition();
			evt.gesture.preventDefault();
		}).on('dragend', function() {
			wrapperL2.$elt.removeClass('dragging');
			previewButtons.$elt.find('.btn-group').toggleClass('dropup', windowSize.height / 2 > -previewButtons.y);
		});

		// Configure Mousetrap
		mousetrap.stopCallback = function() {
			return menuPanel.isOpen || documentPanel.isOpen || isModalShown;
		};

		$(window).resize(resizeAll).focus(function() {
			if(!menuPanel.isOpen && !documentPanel.isOpen && !isModalShown) {
				editor.elt.focus();
			}
		});

		var styleContent = '';

		// Apply font
		function applyFont(size, screenWidth) {
			screenWidth = screenWidth || 0;
			styleContent += [
				'@media (min-width: ' + screenWidth + 'px) {',
				'#wmd-input {',
				'   font-size: ' + size + 'px;',
				'}',
				'#preview-contents {',
				'   font-size: ' + size + 'px;',
				'}',
				'}'
			].join('\n');
		}

		applyFont(16 * settings.fontSizeRatio);
		applyFont(17 * settings.fontSizeRatio, 600);
		applyFont(18 * settings.fontSizeRatio, 1200);

		// Apply dynamic stylesheet
		var style = crel('style', {
			type: 'text/css'
		});
		style.innerHTML = styleContent;
		document.head.appendChild(style);

		resizeAll();
	};

	eventMgr.addListener('onReady', function() {
		previewButtons.x = previewButtonsOffset.x;
		previewButtons.y = previewButtonsOffset.y;
		previewButtons.applyCss();
        setTimeout(function() {
            previewButtons.$elt.addClass('animate');
        }, 0);

		function openPreviewButtons() {
			clearTimeout(closeTimeoutId);
			if(!previewButtons.isDragged) {
                previewButtons.isOpen = true;
				previewButtons.x = previewButtonsOffset.x;
				previewButtons.applyCss();
				previewButtons.$elt.removeClass('closed');
			}
		}

		var closeTimeoutId;
		var dropdownOpen = false;

		function closePreviewButtons() {
			clearTimeout(closeTimeoutId);
			closeTimeoutId = setTimeout(function() {
				if(!previewButtons.isDragged && !dropdownOpen) {
                    previewButtons.isOpen = false;
					previewButtons.x = previewButtonsOffset.x + previewButtons.elt.offsetWidth + previewButtonsClosedOffset;
					previewButtons.applyCss();
					previewButtons.$elt.addClass('closed');
				}
			}, 3000);
		}

        openPreviewButtons();
		closePreviewButtons();
		previewButtons.$elt.hover(openPreviewButtons, closePreviewButtons).on('show.bs.dropdown', function() {
			dropdownOpen = true;
		}).on('hidden.bs.dropdown', function() {
			dropdownOpen = false;
			closePreviewButtons();
		});

		_.each(previewButtons.elt.querySelectorAll('.btn-group'), function(btnGroupElt) {
			var $btnGroupElt = $(btnGroupElt);
			$btnGroupElt.on('shown.bs.dropdown', function() {
				// Align dropdown to the left of the screen
				$btnGroupElt.find('.dropdown-menu').css({
					right: -previewButtons.elt.offsetWidth + $btnGroupElt.width() + $btnGroupElt.position().left
				});
				var maxHeight = -previewButtons.y - previewButtonsDropdownMargin;
				// If it's a dropup
				if(windowSize.height / 2 > -previewButtons.y) {
					maxHeight = windowSize.height + previewButtons.y - previewButtons.elt.offsetHeight - previewButtonsDropdownMargin;
				}
				$btnGroupElt.find('.markdown-syntax, .table-of-contents').css({
					'maxHeight': maxHeight
				});
			}).addClass('dropup');
		});
	});

    eventMgr.addListener('onExtensionButtonResize', function() {
        if(!previewButtons.isDragged) {
            if(!previewButtons.isOpen) {
                previewButtons.$elt.removeClass('animate');
                previewButtons.x = previewButtonsOffset.x + previewButtons.elt.offsetWidth + previewButtonsClosedOffset;
                previewButtons.applyCss();
                setTimeout(function() {
                    previewButtons.$elt.addClass('animate');
                }, 0);
            }
        }
        else {
            previewButtons.adjustPosition();
        }
    });

	eventMgr.onLayoutCreated(layout);
	return layout;
});

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: JQUERY : CSS does not apply to dynamically created elements I am creating an ajax call with success function as below
for (i = 1; i < selector_names.length; i++) {
    if (selector_names[i] == "placement") {
        add_options = "";
        for (j = 0; j < option_names[i].length; j++) {
            add_options += "
<input class='check-box-" + selector_names[i] + "' type='checkbox' id='" + option_names[i][j] + "' checked='checked'/>" + option_names[i][j] + "
";
        }
    }
}
$("#Placement").next().append(add_options);

These are the styles i applied to the div, checkboxes and lables:
.option-container {
    padding:1% 1% 1% 0%;
}
input {
    postion:relative;
    vertical-align:middle;
    height:12px;
    width:12px;
    border-radius: 50px;
}
.option-label {
    margin:2%;
    vertical-align:middle;
    font-family: sans-serif;
    font-size: 12px;
    color:#000;
    cursor:pointer;
}

However, the styles are different for dynamically added elements compared to those I manually created. Why is this happeing ?
Here is how it looks like, the first 2 checkboxes are manually created and the next two are dynamically generated. The #Placement div I am appending to is hidden by default and expands when clicked on the title.

The difference is small but noticeable.
When I modify the CSS, it applies for both type of elements by the difference between the default and jquery created ones still remain. For example if i increase the margin on the .option-container, it increases for both, but the relative difference still remain.
HTML of the manually created checkboxes:

<input class="check-box-placement" type="checkbox" id="pdpv1" checked="checked"/>
pdpv1

<input class="check-box-placement" type="checkbox" id="pdph1" checked="checked"/>
pdph1

A: in your HTML string:
"
<input class='check-box-"+selector_names[i]+"' type='checkbox' id='"+option_names[i][j]+"' checked='checked'/>"+option_names[i][j]+"
"

you open a DIV, close 2 span tags, add self-closing checkbox and label before closing the first DIV. Turn the first span tag into an openning tag or remove both span tags from the HTML string to repair.
If there are earlier openned span tags which make this markup valid.. remove them unless your inserting all the HTML in one go, the HTML engine will probably auto-close the previously added openning span tags, or just mess up all HTML rendering from that point onwards. You shouldn't add HTML tags piecemeal or else the browser won't match openning and closing tags reliably.
I'd recommend you use a template-ing JavaScript library (knockout/handlebars etc..) to construct HTML like this so you don't have to search for bugs in strings.

A: As jQuery is tagged in the OP, I'd suggest to use a little bit more of jQuery's semantic, rather than looking for some string issues.
One way is to use jQuery's clone() method to reproduce the same markup, instead of dealing with a string. Crafted html strings are impossible to read. As I don't have any example values of selector_names and option_names, I assumed default values in the demo and simplified a bit. It can go like this:
var $optionContainerModel = $('.option-container:first');
var $placementNext = $('#Placement').next();
for (var i = 0; i < selector_names.length; i++) {
    if (selector_names[i] == "placement") {
        var $newoption = $optionContainerModel.clone();
        $newoption.find('.check-box-placement').attr('id', 'cbp'+i);
        var $label = $newoption.find('.option-label');
        $label.attr('for', 'cbp'+i);
        $label.text( option_names[i] );
        $placementNext.append( $newoption );
    }
}

The main caveat happens whenever you don't have at least one container to clone. But if the goal of the ajax success is to copy a checkbox template, then it may be more readable to actually make a copy out of it.
DEMO


After school Homework & Activities Club will be available throughout the school year, Monday to Friday from 1.30 to 6.30.
Dinner will be available as well as help/supervision with homework.
Many activities are included in the afternoon; including sports, computers (supervised), cooking club, art, movie evenings and Irish classes. There will be Irish conversation classes on Wednesday also.


"Due to the government's current duty treatment and disabilities, no new PC maker is willing to establish its production base," Shirpurwala said. "In addition, no component-level manufacturing is happening in India, despite a $5 billion strong PC market in the country," he said.
"If duty differential will come, we will be able to replace imports with domestic manufacturing," Shirpurwala said.
He said that while PC manufacturers agreed that mobile devices have a large potential in the country, any contract manufacturer should be attracted to come and manufacture a basket of products, and not just one set.
But for PC manufacturers, in addition to the state's value-added tax that varies from 4 to 12%, there is 16% tax that manufacturers need to pay, while for PC imports, only 17.42% tax is applicable, discouraging domestic manufacturing.
The association also demanded parity with China.
"There is nearly 15% disability in India as compared to China and the transportation cost alone is three to four times higher than the latter," Shirpurwala said.
He urged the government to end this disparity between the segments to boost PC hardware manufacturing as well.
"Why push to mobile phones alone?" asked Shirpurwala. "There is a basket of eight to 10 products other than mobile devices that include routers, switches, dongles which need to be given equal attention," he said.
Mobile and tablet manufacturers have been true beneficiaries of the 'Make in India' initiative and incentives outlined in the Centre's budget for 2015-16, according to the association, which has demanded rationalisation of duties for other products such as laptops, desktops, wired and wireless customer premises equipment (CPE) and e-Readers as well. It said this will boost both the 'Make in India' and 'Digital India' campaigns as these devices are connected to the broadband networks, either wired or wireless.
The association also wants the government to facilitate ease of running a business, offer duty differential and work on removing logistical bottlenecks.
"If the component vendors get differential duty, they will start manufacturing from tomorrow. Consequently, there will be substantial impact on imports," Shirpurwala said.
According to research firm IDC, PC shipments in India increased 1.4% to 2.19 million units in April-June 2015 compared to that in the previous quarter. HP retained top spot during the quarter, with market share of 26.4%, followed by Dell (21.6%), Lenovo (18.1%) and Acer (11.3%).