text:
Tiffani's Yamaha FZ-07 Tour: Strange Hotels and Busy Streets
Chapter 3, Part 8.
By Tiffani Burkett
Now THIS is what 10-year-old Tiff was certain Mexico (and Texas) was supposed to look like.Photo: Tiffani Burkett
Our extra day in Durango quickly turned into almost a week as we made a bunch of new friends while camping out in the courtyard of Tony's restaurant. We spent a day visiting El Viejo Oeste (also known as The Old West), a famous movie set that had been the filming location for well over 150 different westerns over the years, including Big Jake and Chisum, two John Wayne films that had used Chuck Hayward, one of Hollywood's old relatives, as a stunt double (small world!).
We got back to our restaurant camp spot and spent the night partying with Tony and his friends (the Mexican people do not struggle with fiestas!). At the end of the week, we went on a ride down the 40 with Tony and his girlfriend, Giseel, for her birthday, exploring more of the gorgeous mountain roads and pine forests. We eventually stopped at a quaint little restaurant that felt similar to the famous Rock Store nestled in the canyons of L.A.'s Santa Monica Mountains. It was more than I ever could have asked for in terms of hospitality, kindness, and good times. This was the Mexico that I had hoped to be lucky enough to experience. Most of the people we spent time with didn't speak a word of English, yet somehow we spent night after night laughing together, with just enough understanding to have a good time.
It's hard to tell in this picture but there was another baby on the mother's knee, making it a 5-up ride on a little 150cc bike! And to think; I worry about all the weight I put on my FZ-07 sometimes…Photo: Tiffani Burkett
As the end of the week came around, it was finally time to part ways. We said our goodbyes, stopping at another of Tony's restaurants for some sushi plus one last surprise: He had found someone to fix the wire on Hollywood's Scala Rider headset microphone! We arrived on the mainland with a ton of problems and it felt like all of them had now been solved.
We contemplated taking Highway 23, a road considered one of the most beautiful in the country, but one that was also notorious for drug runners and cartel activity. However, with a strong warning from the locals and no indication of gas stations over the 300-mile stretch, we opted to err on the side of caution and set our route for Zacatecas. The toll road was long but fairly quick amidst fields of vibrant red dirt reminiscent of Canyonlands and Zion, and we arrived in the city by late afternoon. At this point, I think we were both in fairly desperate need of a shower that wasn't riddled with bugs, so we sprung for a slightly nicer hotel than usual. Zacatecas was a mining city and actually reminded me a bit of the northern outskirts of Salt Lake City in its industrial design. But with nothing of particular interest for us there, we hopped back on the road the next day and made our way toward Guadalajara.
The road to Guadalajara wasn't any longer than the one to Zacatecas but it twisted and weaved through countless small towns and mountains, so it took probably twice as long to conquer. A large portion of the road was lined with primitive stone walls that appeared to be held together by nothing but gravity and built with probably tens, if not hundreds, of thousands of rocks to create livestock pens and property lines. As poor as road engineering may be in this country, there is certainly no shortage of hard work.
Running later than anticipated due to the complexity of the road, we arrived in Guadalajara only to find a mess of highways and unmarked streets as we attempted to find our hotel for the night. I had heard of Guadalajara but I had no idea of the actual scope of the city; it's Mexico's second largest with more than 4 million people! Navigating the streets proved even more frustrating than usual, which is saying a lot for Mexico. I can't convey strongly enough how much I hate the extreme chaos of traffic flow here. The number of drivers on the road combined with the usual lack of posted street names or directions just compounded the issue. It's a good thing this city was the birthplace of Tequila and Mariachi, because I definitely needed a drink after that mess.
Although we spent a lot of miles riding through mountains and open country, on the mainland we had to shift away from camping out due to numerous warnings.Photo: Tiffani Burkett
We've had to borderline abandon the notion of camping since getting to the mainland, as the risks of going it in a tent are entirely too high here. Or so I'm told by the locals, who I'm not naïve enough to second guess. This means putting up with the high stress of cities is becoming a requirement, and I think that is really starting to wear on me. Things were so much easier when I could just pitch a tent in any given national forest and only really had to fear bears or getting crickets in my hair.
I put Hollywood in charge of picking the hotel for the next day, and we left bright and early for Colima to try to avoid a little traffic. After all of the twists and turns of yesterday, I actually kind of welcomed the long, straight road in. A perfectly flat and vegetation-less, dried lake bed made up the first half of the ride. It was something different and I really liked it. Double points, of course, for all of the burnouts and donuts and hooligan things that clearly went on there, haha. The second half proved even better, as we rode through mountains, near towering volcanoes.
For today's adventures in inexpensive Mexican hotels, $17 USD in Colima will get you a shockingly nice room with this weird chair (they use this thing for what?!). $20 would have gotten an added stripper pole... Just Tiff things.Photo: Tiffani Burkett
Now, Colima, I surprisingly really like a lot. An excess of stoplights (as opposed to highly optional stop signs) and a grid-like downtown made it easy to navigate without feeling like I was going to get run over or rammed off the road at any second. We found our hotel with no problem at all which, unbeknownst to either of us, was what's known as a "hotel de paso" or walk-by hotel that appeared to be largely used by men with their mistresses or prostitutes. This is what happens when I let the dude pick the hotel, haha.
But the rooms were actually really clean and super affordable, room service was inexpensive and delicious (cough there was a ridiculous sex chair and the only channels in English were porn cough) and our bikes were pretty secure. So I actually kind of want to actively seek out these hotels from here on if they're this sweet and cheap.
At noon on a Monday, we had these ruins entirely to ourselves, and got to get lost in the maze-like stairs and stone corridors. The sheer scope of what people were capable of before technology and convenience all those thousands of years ago is nothing short of incredible.Photo: Tiffani Burkett
The best part of all, though, was the location put us only a few kilometers from nearby ruins. On a Monday morning, the ruins of La Campana were completely empty, so we had our run of the place. Clear spring skies meant a perfect view of the massive active volcano in the background. The ruins were estimated to have potentially dated back to as far as 900 BC, according to the plaques. But they admitted to having only explored about 10 percent of the massive network of underground passages, tombs and monuments, so they only knew so much.
We were allowed to walk down the steps to peer inside one of the tombs, where a dog statue protected the dead and helped lead them to the afterlife safely (even the ancient civilizations knew that all dogs go to heaven, haha). I feel like this made my entire trip. Between the irrigation channels and the stairs and tombs of mud, clay and rock, there's something so awe-inspiring about what humans managed to construct so long before all of the modern tools and equipment we have now.
Seeing ancient ruins in Mexico was probably at the top of my bucket list for this country, so I was already on top of the world. But getting to pose my motorcycle with the great pyramid of the ruins—now, that's priceless.Photo: Tiffani Burkett
While a majority of the traffic still scares me, my experience on the mainland is definitely shaping up to everything I could hope for. We're told it gets a lot more dangerous as we head south toward Michoacán and Guerrero, so we'll see how it goes from here!
This portion of our journey covered a wide cross-section of roads, from twisty mountain two-laners to flat lake beds, small towns to big cities.Photo: Tiffani Burkett


Pike Place Foundation (for the FOOD person) – Sunset Supper at Pike Place Market – typically in August.
Great Pumpkin Beer Festival (for the BEER person) – Elysian Brewing – typically in October.
Elliot's Oyster New Year – typically first week in November!
*I have written about Elliot's Oyster New Year before – and the event has always continued to be my favorite Seattle event period.


text:
Society & Culture - latest news
Web rebels – old wine in new bottles
April 13, 2012 in Society & Culture
Wikileaks and the hackers group Anonymous are the talk of the town: political web rebels are a new phenomenon. However, there's nothing new about their tactics.
Violent computer games cleared by researchers
New Swedish study breaks with previous research on the link between computer games and violence. It turns out that success in the games requires cooperation and patience.
Women smell better than men
There are large differences between women's and men's sensory perception. But we still know too little about how differences between the sexes affect research results.
How to get a top executive talking
Sociologists used to focus their research mainly on people in need. But now they're increasingly directing their studies at the elite, and that presents them with new interviewing challenges.
Skull on a stake reveals unknown rituals
A discovery in a peat marsh in Sweden reveals unknown rituals from the Stone Age. Poles with human heads on them had been planted in a pile of rocks in the peat, which was then a pond.
Police learn how to shoot in cyberspace
April 8, 2012 in Society & Culture
The firearms training simulator, with a bit of personality and experience, can help police recruits learn how to handle critical situations.
The cost of changing your mind
People tend to be less satisfied with a decision if they arrived at it after changing their minds – even if the outcome is the same.
Passion for science begins with inquiry
Inquiry-based learning can stimulate greater student interest in science and scientific careers. A team of researchers has been working on implementing such teaching methods in schools across Europe.
Your computer knows what you're thinking
Commercial companies intercept and read your emails, so they can send you adverts that exactly match your profile and wants. But this doesn't work – it's ineffective, says informatics expert.
Political news is hard to understand
Many viewers find news about politics a tough nut to crack. The professional pundits engaged by TV channels make it all the harder.
GTA is the great contemporary novel
Action games like 'Grand Theft Auto' and 'Call of Duty' reflect reality to such a degree that we fail to distinguish the metaphors used in the games from the reality they describe.
Politics blend with art in modern protest on old chinese platter
New and old, politics and art meet when potter Paul Scott states his protest against the arrest of Chinese artist and dissident Ai Weiwei.
Society & Culture - from our partners

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
orionsarm.com
Current time: 01-22-2021, 07:51 AM Hello There, Guest! Login Register
The Orion's Arm Universe Project Forums › Offtopics and Extras; Other Cool Stuff › Real Life But OA Relevant
Quintuple Star System
radtech497
(07-15-2015, 03:04 PM)TSSL Wrote: This popped up while I was constructing my mammoth reply...
What figure are you using for luminosities? http://arxiv.org/abs/1504.07065 gives temperatures, masses, and radii, which should allow calculating that, but I don't know how to derive them for the contact binary, since it only gives a common temperature for the two.
Do you have any additional information on orbit parameters or the like?
I used some figures from this paper instead; note in Table 8 there is some uncertainty about the smaller component of the contact binary pair's temperature: depending on whether or not a starspot was observed, the temperature might be as low as 4730K or as high as 4790K. Feeling a bit parsimonious, I split the difference and called it 4760K.
The same paper estimates the distance to the system to be 70 parsecs. The two components, according to the Simbad database, are separated by 1.86 seconds of arc, which at that distance works out to be 130.201 AU (19,477,722,574.314 km); this is an order of magnitude greater than the news reports, so take that with a moon-sized grain of salt.
"I'd much rather see you on my side, than scattered into... atoms." Ming the Merciless, Ruler of the Universe
TSSL
Ooh, thanks. That looks like a good source to have on hand.
Last night in bed, as I was drifting off to sleep, I kept obsessing over this system and had a couple more thoughts, which started out reasonable and got increasingly dream-like.
On the serious side, one potential big effect could be any presence by prehistoric xenosophonts. They could've xenoterraformed a planet, maybe allowing the main world of the contact system to be rather more hospitable. Looking around the EG, the best candidates for visiting xenosophonts are these guys: http://www.orionsarm.com/eg-article/4a646e52ca80b , who might've put life on one of the colder worlds a couple billion years ago, or http://www.orionsarm.com/eg-article/4b6d2e7446c5a , who could've been present 196 million years ago. Or there could be a more local xenosophont that isn't in the timeline. There could even have been a Muuh outpost, like even the Solar System apparently had, though not one that would've been discovered until more recently.
I was nearly asleep when I had the other thoughts, which was that the system could have an outpost from the Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry. Let's not do that.
I realized there's another culture with five sun gods: the Aztecs! (Granted, in their case four of them were ex-sun gods. There's a sequence.) Not sure who'd be who, but we could name the suns Tezcatlipoca, Quetzalcoatl, Tlaloc, Chalchiutlicue and Tonatiuh. These do not appear to have been used before.
I also am wondering if another possible prehistoric xenosophont which could've been present instead might be the Tunnelers? I'm not sure if they went into terraforming or not, but if they did stuff other than make big wormholes, perhaps they could fit.
Say, how does one calculate blackbody temperatures for bodies in a multiple star system? I know that in single star systems, it's proportional to the fourth root of the star's luminosity. I'd suppose that a body that orbits two stars would use the fourth root of the sum of the stars' luminosities. But then how do we calculate the temperature contribution of the stars that the planet doesn't orbit?
A method I have used is to first find the minimum distance separating the star from the planet, by taking the separation distance between the stars and subtracting the planet's apoastron distance (remembering to keep the distance in Astronomical Units). Then square that distance, take the inverse of that squared number, and multiply the inverse together with the luminosity of the star in question and the value of the Solar Constant (1361 or 1366 Watts per square meter, depending on which source you prefer). Then, divide that number (in W/m^2) by four, and multiply that by (1 - planetary albedo). Divide that number by 5.670373e-8, and finally, take the fourth root to find the equilibrium temperature in Kelvin.
If you, like me, want to also find a minimum contribution from that star, simply add the planet's apoastron distance to the distance separating the two stars, and repeat the above.
Thanks I think that'll be very helpful, but my modosophont brain is having a little trouble keeping track of all the steps. Could you rewrite that as a formula with variables and numbers? Might be easier for me.
To find the maximum contribution:
1) Find the separation distance between stars (in A.U.) minus the planet's apoastron distance from its star;
2) Square the result of #1, then take its inverse (1/x);
3) Multiply the result of #2 by:
3a) the luminosity of the non-host star, and
3b) then multiply that result by the Solar Constant;
4) Multiply the result of #3b by (1 minus the planet's albedo);
5) Divide the result of #4 by 5.670373 x 10 to the -8;
6) Take the fourth root of #5 to get the temperature in Kelvin.
To find the minimum contribution:
1) Find the separation distance between stars (in A.U.) plus the planet's apoastron distance from its star;
2) Repeat steps #2 through #6, as above.
Hope this works for you,
Thanks! Sorry if I was a bit slow on the uptake, but the list definitely makes it easier to follow
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Deadpool figures come in many varieties, but few "pop" as much as this Funko Pop! Marvel Deadpool Cheerleader Figure. It's Deadpool dressed in a Deadpool cheerleader outfit, and it really catches the eye. It's awesome, but maybe not quite as awesome as the Bob Ross Deadpool.
This is Funko Pop! Marvel #325, and is a typically sized Pop vinyl figure at 3.75″ tall. It is a BoxLunch exclusive.
Funko Pop! presents a stylized vinyl collectible figure of Cheerleader Deadpool from Marvel's Deadpool.
This Funko Pop! Marvel Deadpool Cheerleader Figure is available exclusively at BoxLunch, where is costs $12.90.


This page displays sold house prices for Elm Street Lane in Cardiff.
Elm Street Lane in Cardiff CF24 consists predominantly of terraced houses. Properties on Elm Street Lane typically have values around £150,000 - £250,000, ranging upwards of £250,000 for larger semi-detached houses.


text:
#ifndef MITKTRANSFORM_H
#define MITKTRANSFORM_H

#include <itkObject.h>
#include <cv.h>
#include <mitkCommon.h>
#include <mitkNumericTypes.h>
#include <mitkNavigationData.h>
#include <tinyxml.h>
#include <sstream>
#include <vtkMatrix4x4.h>
#include <mitkXMLSerializable.h>
#include <MitkCameraCalibrationExports.h>

namespace mitk {

  ///
  /// \brief class representing a transfrom in 3D
  ///
  /// internally it stores a mitk navigation data. this is more
  /// or less a wrapper for navigation data for easy casting
  /// between opencv/vnl/mitk/xml representations of transform
  /// data
  ///
  class MITKCAMERACALIBRATION_EXPORT Transform: public itk::Object,
    public XMLSerializable
  {
  public:
    mitkClassMacroItkParent(Transform, itk::Object);
    itkFactorylessNewMacro(Transform);
    mitkNewMacro1Param(Transform, const mitk::NavigationData*);
    mitkNewMacro1Param(Transform, const std::string&);

    ///
    /// constants describing the type of transform
    /// represented here
    ///
    static const std::string UNKNOWN_TYPE;
    static const std::string ENDOSCOPE_SCOPE_TOOL;
    static const std::string ENDOSCOPE_CAM_TOOL;
    static const std::string CHESSBOARD_TOOL;
    static const std::string POINTER_TOOL;
    static const std::string POINTER_TO_CHESSBOARD_ORIGIN;
    static const std::string POINTER_TO_CHESSBOARD_X_SUPPORT_POINT;
    static const std::string POINTER_TO_CHESSBOARD_Y_SUPPORT_POINT;
    static const std::string BOARD_TO_BOARD_TOOL;
    static const std::string REFERENCE_CAMERA_TRANSFORM;
    static const std::string REFERENCE_SCOPE_TRANSFORM;
    static const std::string EYE_TO_HAND_TRANSFORM;
    static const std::string CAMERA_EXTRINSICS;

    itkGetConstMacro(Type, std::string);
    itkSetMacro(Type, std::string&);
    ///
    /// Copies the content of transform to this
    /// instance
    ///
    void Copy( const mitk::Transform* transform );

    ///
    /// Copies the content of transform to this
    /// instance
    ///
    void Copy( const mitk::NavigationData* transform );

    ///
    /// Inverts the rotation of this transform
    /// (Polaris navigation Data have inverted rotation
    /// so you may want to call this function when using
    /// polaris data)
    ///
    void TransposeRotation();

    ///
    /// get a copy of this transform
    ///
    mitk::Transform::Pointer Clone() const;

    ///
    /// concatenate this transform with the given one,
    /// i.e. this transform is done first, then transform
    /// ( if x is this transform, y is transform, then this will be y*x)
    /// post multiply semantics!
    /// \see vtkTransform
    ///
    void Concatenate( mitk::Transform* transform );
    ///
    /// same as above with vnl mat argument
    ///
    void Concatenate( const vnl_matrix_fixed<mitk::ScalarType, 4, 4>& transform );

    ///
    /// same as above with vtk mat argument
    ///
    void Concatenate( const vtkMatrix4x4* transform );

    ///
    /// invert this transform
    ///
    void Invert();
    ///
    /// resets the internal variables except type
    ///
    void Reset();

    ///
    /// read from xml
    ///
    void FromXML(TiXmlElement* elem) override;
    ///
    /// read csv file
    ///
    void FromCSVFile(const std::string& file);
    ///
    /// grafts the data from naviData to this transform
    ///
    void SetNavigationData( const mitk::NavigationData* naviData );
    ///
    /// method to set orientation quat
    ///
    void SetOrientation( const vnl_quaternion<mitk::ScalarType>& orientation);
    ///
    /// method to set float valued orientation quat
    ///
    void SetOrientation( const vnl_quaternion<float>& orientation);
    ///
    /// method to set translation
    ///
    void SetTranslation( const vnl_vector_fixed<mitk::ScalarType, 3>& transl);
    ///
    /// method to set a vector of doubles as translation
    ///
    void SetTranslation( const vnl_vector<double>& transl);
    ///
    /// method to set a mitk::Point3D as position
    ///
    void SetPosition( const mitk::Point3D& transl);
    ///
    /// sets rotation with a rotation matrix
    ///
    void SetRotation( vnl_matrix_fixed<mitk::ScalarType, 3, 3>& mat);
    ///
    /// sets rotation with a non fixed rotation matrix
    ///
    void SetRotation( vnl_matrix<mitk::ScalarType>& mat);
    ///
    /// sets rotation and translation with a transformation matrix
    ///
    void SetMatrix( const vnl_matrix_fixed<mitk::ScalarType, 4, 4>& mat);
    ///
    /// sets rotation and translation with a vtk transformation matrix
    ///
    void SetMatrix( const vtkMatrix4x4* mat);
    ///
    /// sets translation from a POD vector
    ///
    void SetTranslation( float* array );
    ///
    /// sets translation from a POD vector. this must be a
    /// 3x3=9 sized vector in row major format (first row = first
    /// three elements)
    ///
    void SetRotation( float* array );
    ///
    /// sets translation from a POD vector
    ///
    void SetTranslation( double array[3] );
    ///
    /// sets translation from a POD vector
    ///
    void SetRotation( double array[3][3] );

    ///
    /// method to set translation by cv vector
    ///
    void SetTranslation( const cv::Mat& transl);
    ///
    /// sets rotation with a rotation matrix
    ///
    void SetRotation( const cv::Mat& mat );
    ///
    /// sets rotation with a rodrigues rotation vector
    ///
    void SetRotationVector( const cv::Mat& rotVec);

    ///
    /// \return the navigation data that stores all information
    ///
    mitk::NavigationData::Pointer GetNavigationData() const;
    ///
    /// calls navigationdata::GetPosition()
    ///
    mitk::Point3D GetPosition() const;
    ///
    /// same as GetPosition
    ///
    mitk::Point3D GetTranslation() const;
    ///
    /// calls navigationdata::IsValid()
    ///
    bool IsValid() const;
    ///
    /// calls navigationdata::SetValid()
    ///
    void SetValid(bool valid);

    ///
    /// calls navigationdata::GetOrientation()
    ///
    mitk::Quaternion GetOrientation() const;

    ///
    /// \return the homogeneous matrix representing this transform
    ///
    vnl_matrix_fixed<mitk::ScalarType, 4, 4> GetMatrix() const;
    ///
    /// \return the homogeneous vtk matrix representing this transform
    ///
    void GetMatrix(vtkMatrix4x4* matrix) const;
    ///
    /// \return the homogeneous vtk matrix representing this transform
    /// in !OpenGL! left handed coordinate system
    ///
    void GetVtkOpenGlMatrix(vtkMatrix4x4* matrix) const;

    mitk::Point3D TransformPoint(mitk::Point3D point) const;

    ///
    /// create xml representation
    ///
    void ToXML(TiXmlElement* elem) const override;
    ///
    /// create string representation
    ///
    std::string ToString() const;
    ///
    /// create string csv representation (only the transformation values!!!!)
    ///
    std::string ToCSVString() const;
    ///
    /// create matlab representation
    ///
    std::string ToMatlabString(const std::string& varname="transform",
                               bool printLastRow=true) const;
    ///
    /// write csv representation to file (only the transformation values!!!!)
    ///
    void ToCSVFile(const std::string& file) const;
    ///
    /// write matlab representation to file
    ///
    void ToMatlabFile(const std::string& file
                      , const std::string& varname="transform") const;
    ///
    /// conversion to cv types
    ///
    cv::Mat GetCvTranslation() const;
    cv::Mat GetCvRotationVector() const;
    cv::Mat GetCvRotationMatrix() const;
    cv::Mat GetCvMatrix() const;

    ///
    /// conversion to vnl types
    ///
    vnl_vector_fixed<mitk::ScalarType, 3> GetVnlTranslation() const;
    vnl_vector_fixed<double, 3> GetVnlDoubleTranslation() const;
    vnl_quaternion<double> GetVnlDoubleQuaternion() const;
    vnl_matrix_fixed<mitk::ScalarType, 3, 3> GetVnlRotationMatrix() const;
    vnl_matrix_fixed<double, 4, 4> GetVnlDoubleMatrix() const;

  protected:
    Transform();
    Transform(const mitk::NavigationData* nd);
    Transform(const std::string& s);

    // everything is stored here
    mitk::NavigationData::Pointer m_NavData;

    ///
    /// saves the type of the transform (Default is UNKNOWN_TYPE)
    ///
    std::string m_Type;
};

} // namespace mitk

MITKCAMERACALIBRATION_EXPORT std::ostream& operator<<
    (std::ostream& os, mitk::Transform::Pointer p);

#endif // MITKTRANSFORM_H

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Home News	The Econo Miss
The Econo Miss
by Archives December 4, 2007
Islamic and Sharia compliant financial systems are best known for outlawing interest and avoiding investment in socially irresponsible industries such as gambling, tobacco, pork, pornography, and arms manufacture. Islamic banking is growing from a niche industry catering only to Muslims to becoming a visible force in international banking.
Although Islamic banking is a relatively new field in investment banking, the sector is growing at a rapid pace of about 10 to 15 per cent a year, while maintaining a strong competitive edge. Already a viable alternative to regular commercial banks in the Middle East, Malaysia, and India; in the next five years we can expect Islamic banks opening in places like China, Japan, and Australia.
The increase in the demand for Islamic banks has accelerated for political, social, and ethical reasons. In the years after September 11th, Arab money has shifted from being concentrated in the U.S. and Europe to the Middle East. This, along with high oil prices has sparked a need for Islamic banks which are competitive against the largest financial institutions. Finally, despite some investment restrictions, Islamic investment banking is competitive on the world markets, can bring good returns, and provides a viable alternative to conventional funds.
While most Islamic banks are still concentrated in the Middle East, the U.K. opened the first retail Islamic bank in the West and has authorized the first European Islamic Investment Bank. This year, Tunis and Morocco authorized their first Islamic banks and Saudi Arabia's National Commercial Bank is now entirely Sharia compliant. The biggest potential markets for Islamic banks are India, Turkey, Northern Africa, and Indonesia. Malaysia is quickly emerging as the center for this rising industry and the government has established a standardized Sharia board to oversee investment banking in the country.
Western banks are also getting into the game. Some of the largest banks, such as Citigroup, HSBC, and Deutsche Bank are going into Islamic banking; they are finding their own scholars to guide them in Sharia investing. It is estimated there are only about 300 Islamic banks worldwide, with holdings of about $500 Billion (U.S.), but at a growth of 10 to 15 per cent year, this number could be in the trillions in the next decade.
The growth of Islamic banking is partly due to people wanting a system that adheres to their beliefs. The financial model is considered to be a more socially responsible one, not only based on sectors that Islamic funds will not invest in, but because the model works of the principle of risk sharing. Once the customer and the bank agree on investment terms, they share the risk of any investment and must divide the losses or profits between them. This is a stakeholder orientated system and financial deals are seen more like partnerships.
One of the largest funds consistent with Islamic principles is the Amana growth fund. This American long term fund does not invest in businesses that are not Sharia compliant and its top holdings are Apple Inc., Potash Corporation of Saskatchewan, China Mobil, and IBM. Technology is by far the largest sector that this fund invests in, followed by industrials, and health care. Other funds have begun to offer Sharia compliant agricultural commodities and metals.
One of the biggest problems in Islamic banking so far has been to establish a centralized Sharia board that all can agree on. There are about 50 to 200 Islamic scholars who guide investment banking, but a product or service that may seem acceptable to one could be deemed unacceptable by the other. Furthermore, most experts agree that only a few of the most powerful scholars sit on many Sharia boards of different banks or other financial institutions; because there are so few of them they effectively control the Islamic banking industry and billions of dollars are decided by them.
Interest in Islamic banking and products will continue to be a growing industry. A combination of healthy returns and the alternative to invest in companies that are not in opposition to their beliefs will provide Muslims everywhere with the potential for financial and ethical security.
Stingers split weekend against Ottawa teams
Henry Rollins. What?
The end of the volunteer note-taking program continues...


When John reached out saying he wanted to propose to Samantha at the Baccarat Hotel, I got so excited! The Baccarat is an absolutely gorgeous luxury hotel and I've actually worked there before for an elopement. We began planning and decided he would propose right in front of their LED light wall. When the day finally arrived, John had told Samantha that they were going to head to a nice dinner. While on their way "out" through the lounge, he stopped right in front of the wall and popped the question! Samantha was in shock and crazy happy all at once, and she said yes! After the proposal, we stopped by a few different spots throughout the hotel for photos. It was an absolutely gorgeous moment and a pleasure working with them. Congrats John and Samantha!


text:
Tag Archives: syrian rebels
Media Confirmation about Entering of American troops through Iraq in Syria as predicted by Clairvoyant Dimitrinka Staikova in her Ebook and Paperback book :
The End of the World – Casus Belli, Operation "J" – Clairvoyant Predictions about : Rex Tillerson, Mike Pence, General Valery Gerasimov, General Joseph Dunford, Recep Erdogan ,Gen. Herbert McMaster, the secrets of Smithsonian Institution, the war in Syria, Turkey, Iraq…
Published – March 2, 2017
Buy the Ebook only from the authors –http://sites.google.com/site/dimitrinkastaikova
General Joseph Dunford ( US General, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff ) – Meeting of US,Russian chiefs of general staff – Negotiation with the Russians : about the stopping of russian flights above anerican ships, about flights in Syria, about american troops in Syria. Negotiations for american base in Azerbaijan…. When there will be a military coup in USA and when Donald Trump will be overthrown ? – Clairvoyant predictions February 25, 2017 – – by Clairvoyant House " Dimitrinka Staikova and daughters Stoyanka and Ivelina Staikova" – from Europe, Bulgaria, Varna.
Photo – February 16, 2017. Time – after the photo.
…….He is on the meeting of US, Russian Chiefs of the General Staff in Azerbaijan to put the point of the negotiations and to smooth out the relationships with the russians. From that moment the relationships of peace are interrupted. I see what he is interested of – in the fiture having of more energy (nuclear rockets, the law in USA and more money). Joseph Dunford has put in his agenda the decision – the russian planes flying over american ships – that has to stop, the nerve-racking – and the order for that must come from Kremlin about the stopping of these flies. That decision must be achieved also in the war in Syria – it is connected with Russian planes, shooting with rockets….. and the entering of anerican troops in Syria. For now – there is no agreement for entry from turkish side – they will be expelled. They can enter only from the side of Iraq in Turkey – later, there in the (border) territories of Iraq will enter russians. But for now, only from Iraq americans will have free access to Syria. In the deal are also involved ……
Media Confirmation : Wed Mar 8, 2017 | 6:30pm EST
Exclusive: U.S. weighs deploying up to 1,000 'reserve' troops for IS fight
http://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-trump-islamicstate-exclusive-idUSKBN16F2SK
'…The decision on whether to create a more rapidly deployable Kuwait-based force is part of the ongoing review of the United States' strategy to defeat Islamic State in Iraq and Syria, where around 6,000 U.S. troops are deployed, largely in advisory roles, the officials said….'
'…A U.S. defense official, speaking on condition of anonymity, said Dunford did not inform his Turkish counterpart of any decision about the Raqqa offensive, in remarks that appeared at odds with the Turkish account….'
This entry was posted in Bank of England, banks, Devlet Bahceli, Hillary Clinton, Turkey, Uncategorized, US Election 2016, World Predictions 2017 and tagged #Austria, a military coup in USA, A stealing, a travel, alien gene, Alien Generator for Electricity, american base in Azerbaijan, American soldiers, american troops in Syria, an attempt for murder, Andrey Karlov, Ankara, Archaeological complex in Ireland, Army Lt. Gen. Herbert McMaster, Bashar al-Assad, beginning, Benjamin Netanyahu, Casus Belli, cataclysms, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of Russia, Churkin, Clairvoyant, Clairvoyant Calendar 2017, clairvoyant predictions, clairvoyant reading, Climate Change, contracts, Cyprus, David J. Skorton, Deputy Defence Minister, dimitrinka staikova, Director-General of CERN, Donald Trump, Energy cooperation, Energy corridors, Erdogan, Explosions of Nuclear plants, Fabiola Gianotti, Financial problems, flights in Syria, found dead, France, Gen. Herbert McMaster, General Auditor of NATO, General Joseph Dunford, General Valery Gerasimov, Germany, Goethe University, Greece, health, HOTTEST NEWS PREDICTIONS February, internal conflicts, Iraq, Iraqi forces, IS fight, Islamic State in Iraq and Syria, Israel, Ivelina Staikova, kidnapped in Nigeria, kurdish forces, Kurdish PKK militant group, Kurdish YPG fighters, kurds, kuwait, Kuwait-based force, Kuwait-based reserve forces in Syria or Iraq, last moments, Lia Fail, Macedonia, March 2017, Marine General Joseph Dunford, Meeting of US, Mevlut Mert Altintas, Mike Pence, military coup, missing artifacts, murder, Murders of russians, Mutant, NATO, Natural Cataclysms, Negotiation with the Russians, Negotiations, new leaders, Nok culture in Nigeria, offensive in Syria and Iraq, on condition of anonymity, Operation "J", optical illusion, Palestina, part of machines of aliens - giants, Pentagon spokesman Captain Jeff Davis, permanent negotiation with Moscow, President of Taiwan, president of Turkey, Prime Minister of Israel, problems with China, problems. Wars, production of electricity, Prof. Peter Breunig, Protests in USA, psychic predictions, public contract, putin, RAQQA, Recep Erdogan, Recep Tayyip Erdogan, refugees, relics, Rex Tillerson, Russia, Russia's U.N. Ambassador, Russian chiefs of general staff, russian flights above american ships, Russian General, russian rockets and weapons, Russian weapons, searching of oil and gas, secret information, Secretary of Smithsonian Institution, separated on two, Serbia, shareholders, Singapore, Singaporean presidential election 2017, Smithsonian Institution, soft spots, south of Mosul, Stone of Destiny, Stoyanka Staikova, Strong and Soft spots, Syria, Syria future elections, syrian rebels, The beginning, the campaign to retake the city of Mosul, the city of Raqqa, the election, The End of the World, the health of Donald Trump, the Hill of Tara, The Killer, The lost Amber Room, the lost bones, The magnetic pole of the Earth, the Moon, The new history, the peace in the country, The Planet Earth, the plotters, the Raqqa offensive, the Republic of China, the Russian ambassador in Turkey, the secrets, the secrets of Smithsonian Institution, The Spear of Destiny, The Third Reich, the war in Syria, the whole world, The World Year 2017, Trump Administration, Trump's new National Security Adviser, Tsai Ing-wen, TTIP, Turkey, Turkish Stream, U.S. army base in Qayyara, U.S. Defense Secretary Jim Mattis, U.S. deployments, U.S. military officer, U.S. official, U.S. President Donald Trump, U.S. troop presence in Kuwait, U.S.-backed Syrian Democratic Forces, United States Secretary of State, US General, USA, USA - paying a damage, Valery Gerasimov, Very Expensive, Vice President of USA, Vitaly Churkin, volcanic eruptions, War in Syria, war with China and Russia, Weapons in Turkey, when Donald Trump will be overthrown, World Predictions 2017, Yaacob Ibrahim Singaporean politican, YPG, Yves Shandelon on March 10, 2017 by Clairvoyant Dimitrinka Staikova.
Media Confirmation about Severe battles in Syria – The air and the ground will become black – as predicted by Clairvoyant/Psychic Dimitrinka Staikova in her Ebook : War,Money,Power :TTIP, Turkish Stream and World Predictions 2016 for USA,FBI,CIA,The Spear of Destiny and the Crown by Clairvoyants Ivelina Staikova and Dimitrinka Staikova
Media Confirmation about Severe battles in Syria – The air and the ground will become black – as predicted by Clairvoyant/Psychic Dimitrinka Staikova in her Ebook :
War,Money,Power :TTIP, Turkish Stream and World Predictions 2016 for USA,FBI,CIA,The Spear of Destiny and the Crown
by Clairvoyants Ivelina Staikova and Dimitrinka Staikova
Buy the Ebook from the authors :http://sites.google.com/site/dimitrinkastaikova
Buy the Ebook from Amazon : https://www.amazon.com/War-Money-Power-Predictions-Clairvoyants-ebook/dp/B01496BJF0/
This is only a part of the clairvoyant/psychic prediction
Jens Stoltenber (Secretary General of NATO) -"Wars : Iraq,Syria,Turkey,Israel,Egypt,Iran,Russia,ISIS and PKK -and their future through through the eyes of Jens Stoltenberg- Clairvoyant/Psychic Predictions by Clairvoyant House " Dimitrinka Staikova and daughters Stoyanka and Ivelina Staikova" – from Europe,Bulgaria,Varna – August 11 year 2015,3pm.
Double war: on the border of Turkey and in Iraq encloses Syria and joins (unites) the wars. Three big countries are included, but only Turkey will lead the war in Syria. NATO is starting new stage of the wars – integration (unification). The unificating element is Syria.Turkey is cleaning its territories by the kurds – then passes in advance in Syria. They will stop on a stage – contractual in NATO. But what is really interesting for them is the energy field – oil field. There i see to stop their invasion. There are upcoming hard combats (battles) for that oil field. There are also included american soldiers, i see also battles consequently with ISIS, with russian soldiers and with soldiers of the Syrian Army. Iran is using a threating note and opens a corridor. The army equipment will enter in Syria through the borders of Iran.
The first victory is for NATO. In the next two days after that are starting new battles. There will be withdrawal of the turkish army and with american soldiers. The battle will be terrible by air and overland. The air and the ground will become black, the land will be covered with killed people. Photos of that battle will be seen in the whole world. Turkey will go back in its territory expecting the new battle.
NATO allowed to Turkey to deal with PKK (The Kurdistan Worker's Party) – To kill them. …..
Syrian government and rebels trade gas attack claims
http://home.bt.com/news/world-news/syrian-government-and-rebels-trade-gas-attack-claims-11364077072951
On Tuesday, residents of the rebel-held parts of Aleppo returned to burning tyres, sending up big plumes of black smoke in the hope of preventing air strikes.
Interview: Syrian army's progress in Aleppo could entirely change conflict map: expert
Source: Xinhua 2016-08-03 04:49:57
The Turkish coup has made Ankara busy rearranging its inner home, which led to lifting the cover from the rebels, who were largely supported by Turkey.
This entry was posted in Uncategorized and tagged air strikes, al-Amerieh, al-Qaida, al-Ramouseh, al-Sukkari, Aleppo, Aleppo city, amazon, American soldiers, Ankara, anti-government activists, Assad, Atareb, Bani Zaid area, battle, bbc, Bilderberg group, billionaires, bomb attack, BRUSSELS ATTACKS, business, Castello road, chemical weapons, chlorine gas attack, Clairvoyant, Clairvoyants ebook, cnn, Confirmation, Cyprus, Damascus, Davutoglu, dimitrinka staikova, Donald Trump, ebooks, Erdogan, failed coup attempt in Turkey, gas attack, government forces, Health diagnosis, Hillary Clinton, Idlib province, invasion, Iraq, Isis, Israel, Ivelina Staikova, Jens Stoltenberg, Levant Conquest Front, Local Coordination Committees, Lybia, Manuel Valls, MH370, migrant crisis, military progress in Aleppo, money, NATO, natural gas, news, Nicos Anastasiades, northern province of Aleppo, Obama, oil, oil field, Peace, Politicians, President Barack Obama, President Bashar al-Assad', progress in Aleppo, Psychic, psychic predictions, Rebel fire, Rebel sources, rebel-held parts of Aleppo, rebels, Recep Tayyip Erdogan, refugees, Reuters, royal family, Russia, Russian army, Russian forces, Russian soldiers, Saraqib, Secretary General of Nato, severe breathing difficulties, Smashwords, state news agency SANA, Stephen Hawking, Syria, Syria's state news agency, syrian army, Syrian army's progress in Aleppo, Syrian authorities, Syrian crisis, Syrian government, Syrian government air strikes, Syrian political expert, syrian rebels, terrorism, terrorist groups, the Nusra Front, the rebellion in Aleppo, The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights, The Turkish coup, The United Nations, toxic gas attacks, tunnel bomb, Turkey, Uncategorized, unguided barrel bombs, Us Elections 2016, USA, victims of a gas attack, war, Washington, Western powers, world news, world predictions, World Predictions 2015, world predictions that came true, Xinhua on August 3, 2016 by Clairvoyant Dimitrinka Staikova.


God has invisible qualities that He has made known to us. Those qualities represent His power and they are shown to us through His creation.
They are clearly seen. Clearly evident to us.
When you look at a rainbow – God is making Himself known to you.
When you see a flower sprout through the ground – that is the work of God.
When you feel the rain on your face or the warmth of the sunshine, those are gifts from the Lord.
Sometimes we seek Him. We wonder where He is. He is all around us. He is in the beauty of creation that we live in. From the majestic power of the ocean to the delicacy of a caterpillar turning into a butterfly. He is making Himself known to us. For no man could make those things. They are God's signature.
And so none of us is without excuse.
We can't say, "No one told me about God." In each one of us, there is something inside of us that God has placed there that realizes He exists. When we see the world around us and see His power through nature and His creation, it is clear and we understand.
I could not agree with you more. This was well said.


text:
Plans for 100+ jobs and tyre recycling plant at Port of Sunderland move closer
New business plan for Sunderland and South Tyneside Metro extension unveiled
BusinessConsumer
Debenhams confirms closure of Metrocentre store - but this is when Sunderland's will reopen
One of the biggest North East branches of Debenhams will not reopen following the easing of the lockdown on shops after the retailer failed to reach a rent agreement with its landlord.
By Fiona Thompson
Tuesday, 9th June 2020, 4:35 pm
Updated Tuesday, 9th June 2020, 4:36 pm
However, the department store has confirmed its shop in The Bridges in Sunderland will be trading once again from Wednesday, June 17, bringing good news for shoppers on Wearside.
This is how shopping in The Bridges will look as more stores get set to reopen
A reopening date is yet to be confirmed for its shop in Eldon Square in Newcastle.
Debenhams in the Metrocentre in Gateshead will not reopen after the lockdown eases after bosses were unable to come to an agreement over rent. Image copyright Google Maps.
The company, who went into administration on April 9, has previously announced its shop in Waterloo Square in South Shields will remain closed, one of seven earmarked for closure on the same day, leading to the loss of 477 jobs in total.
The Metrocentre is run by Intu, which itself is facing difficulties, having warned it risks defaulting on its debt unless lenders give it space to resolve its issues.
In a statement released today, Tuesday, June 9, Debenhams said of its decision over the future of the Metrocentre store: "Sadly we have been unable to agree terms with the landlord and as a result this store will not be re-opening in line with the rest of the chain next week.
"We greatly regret the effect on our colleagues, who have served our customers with commitment and dedication.
"Our customers can continue to shop with us online at www.debenhams.com or at other local stores from next week."
It came as the company also confirmed it would also not reopen branches in Milton Keynes and Watford as a result of the same talks with landlord Intu.
Debenhams has said it will reopen 120 stores, having entered the lockdown with a total of 142, after agreeing to terms with landlords.
It will reopen the first 50 branches on Monday, June 15.
A spokesman added: "We greatly regret the effect on our colleagues, who have served our customers with commitment and dedication."
Its other North East store, in the Hillstreet Shopping Centre in Middlesbrough, will also reopen on Wednesday, June 17.
The company's online store continues to trade.
Thank you for reading this story on our website. While I have your attention, I also have an important request to make of you.
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Our journalists are highly trained and our content is independently regulated by IPSO to some of the most rigorous standards in the world. But being your eyes and ears comes at a price. So we need your support more than ever to buy our newspapers during this crisis.
With the coronavirus lockdown having a major impact on many of our local valued advertisers - and consequently the advertising that we receive - we are more reliant than ever on you helping us to provide you with news and information by buying a copy of our newspaper.
How to subscribe to the print edition
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Visit www.localsubsplus.co.uk, choose the newspaper title, the type of subscription and enter your details.
SOS - Save Our Store! Petition to keep former Sainsbury's site in Sunderland as retail outlet attracts hundreds of signatures
See inside the new Brew & Bake coffee shop at £42m City Hall
Increases in sales throughout 2021 at Dalton Park leads to 26 brand new job opportunities
Jack Savoretti on heading to Sunderland to headline city's first Lamplight Festival
Lebanos restaurant turns up the heat with new Washington location


Following a brief trip in the Tardis, the Doctor, Sarah and Harry return to Earth almost immediately.
The Doctor visits the Mordee colony, and attempts to repair Xoanon, with the consequences later seen in The Face of Evil.
Flashback of the fourth Doctor in Assimilation2.
Flashback of the Doctor's visit to Pesca in Doctor Who and the Pescatons.
Wolfsbane BBC novel Features an appearance by the eighth Doctor, occurring between Casualties of War and The Turing Test.
Scratchman BBC novel Features an appearance by the thirteenth Doctor, occurring after Resolution. The final epilogue takes place immediately before The Masque of Mandragora.
Appearance of fourth Doctor in Where's the Doctor?
Doctor Who and the Pescatons Argo Records Features a flashback of the Doctor's first visit to Pesca, which occurs between Death Flower! and A New Life.
The Sleeping Beast Annual 1978 Features a flashback of the second Doctor's encounter with the Guerners, between Peril at 60 Fathoms and The Champion.
Exploring the Tardis, the Doctor and Sarah discuss the jigsaw room, as recounted in Scratchman.
Appearance of fourth Doctor in Under Pressure.
Appearance of fourth Doctor in Wonderland.
The Doctor sends Leela back to assist the second Doctor in Dumb Waiter.
Appearance of fourth Doctor in The Light at the End.
The Doctor interrupts the first performance of Hamlet.
Appearance of fourth Doctor in Prisoners of Time.
Return to Telos BF 4DA 4.7-4.8 Features an encounter with the second Doctor and Jamie, taking place during The Tomb of the Cybermen.
The Time Vampire BF CC 4.10 Features an appearance by the third Doctor, between The Magician! and Dream Devils.
Doomcloud TV Comic Mighty Midget 1 In a now negated timeline, a subtly different version of this adventure happened to the third Doctor.
The Labyrinth DW Winter Special 1977 Originally experienced by the third Doctor.
Invasion DW Winter Special 1977 Originally experienced by the third Doctor.
The Spoilers DW Winter Special 1977 Originally experienced by the third Doctor.
Who is the Stranger DW Winter Special 1977 Originally experienced by the third Doctor.
The Unheard Voice TV Comic Holiday Special 1978 Originally experienced by the third Doctor.
The Duellists TV Comic 1386-1389 Originally experienced by the second Doctor.
The Amateur TV Comic 1390-1396 Originally experienced by the third Doctor.
The Magician! TV Comic 1397-1403 Originally experienced by the third Doctor.
The Wanderers TV Comic 1404-1408 Originally experienced by the third Doctor.
The Metal-Eaters! TV Comic 1409-1415 Originally experienced by the third Doctor.
Moon Exploration TV Comic 1416-1423 Originally experienced by the third Doctor.
Size Control TV Comic 1424-1430 Originally experienced by the third Doctor.
Appearance of fourth Doctor in The Glass Princess.
Appearance of fourth Doctor in The Day of the Doctor.
Appearance of fourth Doctor in Supremacy of the Cybermen.
Pericles The Shakespeare Notebooks Shakespeare's telling of these events may not be strictly accurate.
Heart of Tardis BBC novel Features an appearance by the second Doctor, Jamie and Victoria. For them, the story occurs between Death to Mufl and The Lost.
The Doctor investigates a mysterious painting, as recounted in Tales from the Vault.
Appearance of fourth Doctor in the prelude to Falls the Shadow.
The Doctor and Romana encounter Stoyn in ancient Rome, as recounted in Luna Romana.
Life from Lifelessness ST: Prague Features a flashback of the first Doctor, between Urrozdinee and The Price of Conviction.
Flashback of fourth Doctor in Death to the Doctor!
The Old Rogue Short Trips 4 Features a flashback of the second Doctor, between All of Beyond and Lares Domestici.
The fourth Doctor's appearance in Notre Dame du Temps occurs during this adventure.
Appearance of fourth Doctor in The Lost Dimension.
Appearance of fourth Doctor in Seven to One.
The fourth Doctor's appearance in Time & Time Again occurs during this adventure.
The Little Things ST: Christmas Treasury Features a brief appearance by the first Doctor and Susan, occurring between Quinnis and Time and Relative.
Flashback of fourth Doctor in The Forgotten.
The Doctor, Romana and K-9 attend the Mars Conference, as seen in Beige Planet Mars.
A flashback in Telling Tales depicts the Doctor's meeting with Laurence, who then becomes trapped inside the story-telling machine - a situation finally resolved in Seven Deadly Sins.
The Doctor, Romana and K-9 attend the Queen's re-coronation, in The Dying Days.
Waiting for Gadot Short Trips bonus Features an appearance by the third Doctor between The Bad Guy and Hide and Seek.
Appearance of fourth Doctor in Party Animals.
Luna Romana BF CC 8.07 The Doctor and Romana encounter their past selves, between The Power of Kroll and The Armageddon Factor.
The fourth Doctor's appearance in The Eight Doctors occurs during this adventure.
Go to adventures of the fifth Doctor Who.


We get lost in the corridors of the vast palace of Congress-like liner. A door on the right, a young blonde rushes in singing. She repeats in a full lung of litanies in Corsica, still moved by the stage of polyphonic music programmed when It is not classic. The event in nice, looks like a musical cruise of three days where one can enter in a room, face to face with four singers of gospel music, down one floor and attend a performance of marionettes. "60 free concerts, it is unique in the world", ton Patrick Poivre d'arvor, who presents each year to the event. The huge Congress hall is full of spectators coming and going.
the highlight of The show? Ibrahim Maalouf and Angelique Kidjo came on Saturday night, giving life to the Queen of Saba, a fable epic written by the singer and set to music by the trumpet player. Anne-Marie Dumont, the vice-chair of the department in charge of culture, loose fiery kisses to the crowd during his speech. But well watch Ibrahim Maalouf, the queen of Sheba tonight, it is the singer from benin to the voice of gold. Throughout the show, the covers of looks and smiles. The trumpeter, as happy as a child, provides guidance to the musicians, made abrupt cuts of rhythms, launches solo: he led his world to the stick.
This weekend, the usual rules of the classic should not be. If the public is sometimes dispelled, artists, them, benefit, to what is generally denied. For example, to engage the public. At the end of their recital, guitarist Laurent Blanquart and flautist Vincent Lucas asked: "we still have a little time yet?". Full of enthusiasm, the listeners respond in the affirmative. And After a dream of Fauré ends with the mesmerizing.
less than 3 years. Balloons in the shape of a unicorn are all the rage. "This is what I love, whether it is living, if I hear a child cry, I want to invite on stage!", we trusted Angelique Kidjo before the concert.
When the talented saxophonists in the quartet Zahir come on stage, they outline a choreography that makes us fear that their shiny instruments do not collide. One cannot help but wonder if they are not crazy. But the young musicians capture their audience. In particular, with Rhapsodish , a work by Alexis Ciesla. "This is my dad, who has composed!", starts up one of the entrre them. And while they interpret the melody inspired by the tradition of ashkenazi, a brilliant orange light sweeps the audience.
A mixture of tastes and colors that sums up the event. In the hall, two very old friends, John and Paul, talking together, oblivious to all this movement. Sitting one beside the other as they would be in front of the sea, on a parapet of the old port.


3	Nonresidents are taxed on their gross rental income. Income-generating expenses are not deductible.
4	Rental income earned by nonresident individuals is taxed at a flat rate of 20% on income exceeding UGS2,820,000 (US$775).


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text:
Neste closes grant-agreement process for clean-hydrogen project in Finland
Neste Corp. has closed the grant-agreement process with the Climate, Infrastructure and Environment Executive Agency of the European Commission, following the earlier EU Innovation Fund grant decision of 88 million euros to Neste's clean-hydrogen project, dubbed "the SHARC" project, at the Porvoo refinery in Finland. Hydrogen is an essential element in refining for desulfurization of diesel fuel as well as hydrotreating fats, oils and greases to make renewable diesel.
The SHARC project introduces electrolysis and carbon capture and storage (CCS) solutions that allow the quick and efficient reduction of greenhouse gas emissions at the refinery. According to Neste, the project is still in the feasibility stage and the company has not made a final investment decision yet. If approved, Neste plans to start operations sometime in next few years.
The project could lead to the reduction of more than 4 million tons of CO2 emissions at the Porvoo refinery in the first 10 years of operation, Neste stated, and it would contribute to reaching both Finland's and the EU's climate targets by accelerating the green transition. Furthermore, the clean-hydrogen project would play a major role in the company's target of carbon-neutral production by 2035. "We are proud to be in the forefront of accelerating the European energy transition," said Lars Peter Lindfors, senior vice president of innovation at Neste. "With the SHARC project, Neste is pioneering in transforming industrial production by using clean hydrogen. The project will also build a foundation for the utilization of carbon dioxide and, for example, the production of electric fuels at the Porvoo refinery in the future."
Markku Korvenranta, executive vice president of oil products at Neste, added that the project will help make the Porvoo site the most sustainable refinery in Europe by 2030. "By reforming our current hydrogen production and capturing emissions from the refinery, we will be strongly contributing to Finland's climate targets," Korvenranta said. "SHARC will be one of the cornerstones of the future success of Neste."
The project is one of the first seven large-scale projects assisted by the EU Innovation Fund, according to Dirk Beckers, CINEA director. "I am convinced that the SHARC project has great potential to reduce GHG emissions as it will combine green and blue hydrogen production with carbon-capture technology," Beckers said. "I am looking forward to following the evolution and the implementation of this project."


text:
layout: docs.hbs
title: Reactive Tweets
---

A typical use case for stream processing is consuming a live stream of data that we want to extract or aggregate some
other data from. In this example we'll consider consuming a stream of tweets and extracting information from them.

We will also consider the problem inherent to all non-blocking streaming
solutions: *"What if the subscriber is too slow to consume the live stream of
data?"*. Traditionally the solution is often to buffer the elements, but this
can—and usually will—cause eventual buffer overflows and instability of such
systems. Instead Akka Streams depend on internal backpressure signals that
allow to control what should happen in such scenarios.

>**Note**

  You can find a example implementation [here](https://github.com/Silv3rcircl3/Akka.Net-Streams-reactive-tweets), it's using
  [Tweetinvi](https://github.com/linvi/tweetinvi) to call the Twitter STREAM API.
  Due to the fact that Tweetinvi doesn't implement the Reactive Streams specifications, we push the tweets into the stream
  via the `IActorRef` that is materialized from the following Source `Source.ActorRef<ITweet>(100, OverflowStrategy.DropHead);`.

# Transforming and consuming simple streams

The example application we will be looking at is a simple Twitter feed stream from which we'll want to extract certain information,
like for example the number of tweets a user has posted.

In order to prepare our environment by creating an `ActorSystem` and `ActorMaterializer`,
which will be responsible for materializing and running the streams we are about to create:

```csharp
using (var sys = ActorSystem.Create("Reactive-Tweets"))
{
    using (var mat = sys.Materializer())
    {
    }
}
```

The `ActorMaterializer` can optionally take `ActorMaterializerSettings` which can be used to define
materialization properties, such as default buffer sizes (see also [Buffers for asynchronous stages](buffersandworkingwithrate#buffers-for-asynchronous-stages)), the dispatcher to
be used by the pipeline etc. These can be overridden with ``WithAttributes`` on `Flow`, `Source`, `Sink` and `IGraph`.

Let's assume we have a stream of tweets readily available. In Akka this is expressed as a `Source[Out, M]`:

```csharp
Source<ITweet, NotUsed> tweetSource;
```

Streams always start flowing from a `Source[Out,M1]` then can continue through `Flow[In,Out,M2]` elements or
more advanced graph elements to finally be consumed by a `Sink[In,M3]` (ignore the type parameters ``M1``, ``M2``
and ``M3`` for now, they are not relevant to the types of the elements produced/consumed by these classes – they are
"materialized types", which we'll talk about [below](materialized-values)).

The operations should look familiar to anyone who has used the .Net Collections library,
however they operate on streams and not collections of data (which is a very important distinction, as some operations
only make sense in streaming and vice versa):

```csharp
Source<string, NotUsed> formattedRetweets = tweetSource
  .Where(tweet => tweet.IsRetweet)
  .Select(FormatTweet);
```

Finally in order to [materialize](basics#stream-materialization) and run the stream computation we need to attach
the Flow to a `Sink` that will get the Flow running. The simplest way to do this is to call
``RunWith(sink, mat)`` on a ``Source``. For convenience a number of common Sinks are predefined and collected as methods on
the `Sink` [companion class](https://github.com/akkadotnet/akka.net/blob/dev/src/core/Akka.Streams/Dsl/Sink.cs).
For now let's simply print the formatted retweets:

```csharp
formattedRetweets.RunWith(Sink.ForEach<string>(Console.WriteLine), mat);
```

or by using the shorthand version (which are defined only for the most popular Sinks such as ``Sink.Aggregate`` and ``Sink.Foreach``):

```csharp
formattedRetweets.RunForeach(Console.WriteLine, mat);
```

Materializing and running a stream always requires a `Materializer` to be passed in like this: ``.Run(materializer)``

```csharp
using (var sys = ActorSystem.Create("Reactive-Tweets"))
{
    using (var mat = sys.Materializer())
    {
        Source<string, NotUsed> formattedRetweets = tweetSource
          .Where(tweet => tweet.IsRetweet)
          .Select(FormatTweet);

        formattedRetweets.RunForeach(Console.WriteLine, mat);
    }
}
```

# Flattening sequences in streams
In the previous section we were working on 1:1 relationships of elements which is the most common case, but sometimes
we might want to map from one element to a number of elements and receive a "flattened" stream, similarly like ``SelectMany``
works on .Net Collections. In order to get a flattened stream of hashtags from our stream of tweets we can use the ``SelectMany``
combinator:

```csharp
Source<IHashtagEntity, NotUsed> hashTags = tweetSource.SelectMany(tweet => tweet.Hashtags);
```

# Broadcasting a stream
Now let's say we want to persist all hashtags, as well as all author names from this one live stream.
For example we'd like to write all author handles into one file, and all hashtags into another file on disk.
This means we have to split the source stream into two streams which will handle the writing to these different files.

Elements that can be used to form such "fan-out" (or "fan-in") structures are referred to as "junctions" in Akka Streams.
One of these that we'll be using in this example is called `Broadcast`, and it simply emits elements from its
input port to all of its output ports.

Akka Streams intentionally separate the linear stream structures (Flows) from the non-linear, branching ones (Graphs)
in order to offer the most convenient API for both of these cases. Graphs can express arbitrarily complex stream setups
at the expense of not reading as familiarly as collection transformations.

Graphs are constructed using `GraphDSL` like this:

```csharp
Sink<IUser, NotUsed> writeAuthors = null;
Sink<IHashtagEntity, NotUsed> writeHashtags = null;

var g = RunnableGraph.FromGraph(GraphDsl.Create(b =>
{
    var broadcast = b.Add(new Broadcast<ITweet>(2));
    b.From(tweetSource).To(broadcast.In);
    b.From(broadcast.Out(0))
        .Via(Flow.Create<ITweet>().Select(tweet => tweet.CreatedBy))
        .To(writeAuthors);
    b.From(broadcast.Out(1))
        .Via(Flow.Create<ITweet>().SelectMany(tweet => tweet.Hashtags))
        .To(writeHashtags);

    return ClosedShape.Instance;
}));

g.Run(mat);
```

As you can see, inside the `GraphDSL` we use an implicit graph builder ``b`` to mutably construct the graph
using the ``from``, `via` or `to` "edge operator".

``GraphDSL.Create`` returns a `IGraph`, in this example a `IGraph<ClosedShape, NotUsed>` where
`ClosedShape` means that it is *a fully connected graph* or "closed" - there are no unconnected inputs or outputs.
Since it is closed it is possible to transform the graph into a `IRunnableGraph` using ``RunnableGraph.FromGraph``.
The runnable graph can then be ``Run()`` to materialize a stream out of it.

Both `IGraph` and `IRunnableGraph` are *immutable, thread-safe, and freely shareable*.

A graph can also have one of several other shapes, with one or more unconnected ports. Having unconnected ports
expresses a graph that is a *partial graph*. Concepts around composing and nesting graphs in large structures are
explained in detail in [Modularity, Composition and Hierarchy](modularitycomposition#basics-of-composition-and-modularity). It is also possible to wrap complex computation graphs as Flows, Sinks or Sources, which will be explained in detail in
[Constructing Sources, Sinks and Flows from Partial Graphs](workingwithgraphs#constructing-sources-sinks-and-flows-from-partial-graphs).

#Back-pressure in action

One of the main advantages of Akka Streams is that they *always* propagate back-pressure information from stream Sinks
(Subscribers) to their Sources (Publishers). It is not an optional feature, and is enabled at all times. To learn more
about the back-pressure protocol used by Akka Streams and all other Reactive Streams compatible implementations read
[Back-pressure explained](basics#back-pressure-explained).

A typical problem applications (not using Akka Streams) like this often face is that they are unable to process the incoming data fast enough,
either temporarily or by design, and will start buffering incoming data until there's no more space to buffer, resulting
in either ``OutOfMemoryError`` s or other severe degradations of service responsiveness. With Akka Streams buffering can
and must be handled explicitly. For example, if we are only interested in the "*most recent tweets, with a buffer of 10
elements*" this can be expressed using the ``Buffer`` element:

```csharp
tweetSource
    .Buffer(10, OverflowStrategy.DropHead)
    .Selet(SlowComputation)
    .RunWith(Sink.Ignore<ComputationResult>(), mat);
```

The ``Buffer`` element takes an explicit and required ``OverflowStrategy``, which defines how the buffer should react
when it receives another element while it is full. Strategies provided include dropping the oldest element (``DropHead``),
dropping the entire buffer, signalling errors etc. Be sure to pick and choose the strategy that fits your use case best.

#Materialized value

So far we've been only processing data using Flows and consuming it into some kind of external Sink - be it by printing
values or storing them in some external system. However sometimes we may be interested in some value that can be
obtained from the materialized processing pipeline. For example, we want to know how many tweets we have processed.
While this question is not as obvious to give an answer to in case of an infinite stream of tweets (one way to answer
this question in a streaming setting would be to create a stream of counts described as "*up until now*, we've processed N tweets"),
but in general it is possible to deal with finite streams and come up with a nice result such as a total count of elements.

```csharp
var count = Flow.Create<ITweet>().Select(_ => 1);

var sumSink = Sink.Aggregate<int, int>(0, (agg, i) => agg + i);

var counterGraph = tweetSource.Via(count).ToMaterialized(sumSink, Keep.Right);

var sum = counterGraph.Run(mat).Result;
```

First we prepare a reusable ``Flow`` that will change each incoming tweet into an integer of value ``1``. We'll use this in
order to combine those with a ``Sink.Aggregate`` that will sum all ``Int`` elements of the stream and make its result available as
a ``Task<Int>``. Next we connect the ``tweets`` stream to ``count`` with ``via``. Finally we connect the Flow to the previously
prepared Sink using ``ToMaterialized``.

Remember those mysterious ``Mat`` type parameters on ``Source<Out, Mat>``, ``Flow<In, Out, Mat>`` and ``Sink<In, Mat>``?
They represent the type of values these processing parts return when materialized. When you chain these together,
you can explicitly combine their materialized values. In our example we used the ``Keep.Right`` predefined function,
which tells the implementation to only care about the materialized type of the stage currently appended to the right.
The materialized type of ``sumSink`` is ``Task<Int>`` and because of using ``Keep.Right``, the resulting `IRunnableGraph`
has also a type parameter of ``Task<Int>``.

This step does *not* yet materialize the
processing pipeline, it merely prepares the description of the Flow, which is now connected to a Sink, and therefore can
be ``Run()``, as indicated by its type: ``IRunnableGraph<Task<Int>>``. Next we call ``Run(mat)``
to materialize and run the Flow. The value returned by calling ``Run()`` on a ``IRunnableGraph<T>`` is of type ``T``.
In our case this type is ``Task<Int>`` which, when completed, will contain the total length of our ``tweets`` stream.
In case of the stream failing, this future would complete with a Failure.

A `IRunnableGraph` may be reused
and materialized multiple times, because it is just the "blueprint" of the stream. This means that if we materialize a stream,
for example one that consumes a live stream of tweets within a minute, the materialized values for those two materializations
will be different, as illustrated by this example:

First, let's write such an element counter using ``Sink.Aggregate`` and see how the types look like:

```csharp
var sumSink = Sink.Aggregate<int, int>(0, (agg, i) => agg + i);

var counterRunnableGraph = tweetsInMinuteFromNow
    .Where(tweet => tweet.IsRetweet)
    .Select(_ => 1)
    .ToMaterialized(sumSink, Keep.Right);

// materialize the stream once in the morning
var morningTweetsCount = counterGraph.Run(mat);
// and once in the evening, reusing the flow
var eveningTweetsCount = counterGraph.Run(mat);
```

Many elements in Akka Streams provide materialized values which can be used for obtaining either results of computation or
steering these elements which will be discussed in detail in [Stream Materialization](basics#stream-materialization). Summing up this section, now we know
what happens behind the scenes when we run this one-liner, which is equivalent to the multi line version above:

```csharp
var sum = tweetSource.Select(_ => 1).RunWith(sumSink, mat);
```

>**Note**

  ``RunWith()`` is a convenience method that automatically ignores the materialized value of any other stages except
  those appended by the ``RunWith()`` itself. In the above example it translates to using ``Keep.Right`` as the combiner
  for materialized values.


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Harvard and Yale Model UN - Day 4: NYU and Columbia University
17/01/2017: After only a few hours of rest (New York is definitely the city that never sleeps!) we were up bright and early to hit the Chelsea Markets for some breakfast before a big day of campus tours and exploring. The Chelsea Markets provided a classic New York environment for us to kick-start our first day in NYC; a hip, seemingly exclusive, underground collection of niche food vendors and shops that had everyone's mouth watering. Once we'd indulged in the various breakfast cuisines, including the classic New York bagel, we headed to the Upper West Side for an information session and tour around Columbia University, one of America's eight Ivy League institutions.
Standing in the middle of Columbia, you wouldn't know you're in the heart of one of the world's most fast-paced cities. It's like an oasis lost in a metropolis; beautiful brick buildings that take your breath away completely surround you blocking out the high rise buildings and the wailing of sirens and alarms that seem to perpetually ring out across Manhattan. During the information session, we learnt about the rigorous and competitive admission process into Columbia and all the different study options for students once accepted. It proved to be an inspiring insight for all the students on the trip with big dreams of attending an Ivy League college. We were then taken around the campus and shown all the residential and study buildings, some dating back to 1905-1910. It was, unfortunately, a very wet New York day, so we walked around quite fast while listening to the tour, managing to catch most of it - the tour, not the rain, obviously.
Once we finished up at Columbia we caught the subway back downtown to visit NYU, which has a completely different campus structure. The buildings are scattered throughout the streets of Manhattan only to be identified by the NYU flags hanging outside. As a student, you can imagine how inspiring it would be to have the constant creative buzz of Manhattan right outside your lecture theatre and classrooms, literally on your doorstep!
After our brief look through NYU, we split into two groups: one group who wanted to tour around the United Nations, and another who wanted to visit the Rockefeller Centre and have a shop along the world-famous Fifth Avenue. The United Nations group took a tour around the entire UN complex, even gaining access to the Generally Assembly Hall where all 193 members States of the Organization convene to discuss global issues. It felt incredible to stand in the same room where so many world leaders have been and important discussions have taken place.
The other group headed to the Rockefeller Centre but, unfortunately, due to the rainy New York weather, were unable to go to the top of The Rock. the shopping group then moved onto Central Park, which looks exactly as it does in the movies and did not disappoint on beauty. After a brief stroll through Central Park we continued down to Fifth Avenue, where we saw some of the world's biggest brands and most beautiful stores. We even stopped into a few stores such as Cartier, Apple, Tiffany and Co, and Nike, although most price tags reached far beyond our humble means. We concluded day one of our New York adventure in Times Square, where both groups reconvened and ate dinner while watching the thousands of tourists buzz around under the New York rain and through the bright lights of the neon signs above.
Follow us on the Crimson Education Facebook and Instagram to see some photos of our adventures!
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How Far is BR Odyssey?
Odyssey" is an exclusive luxury Apartment with just 30 homes. Situated in posh 'California Gardens', a private gated community on Doddaballapura main road. The plot is 30 minutes drive from the city centre. Proximity to the Bangalore International Airport, Reputed Schools, Colleges, Health Facilities, offices and SEZ is not just a coincidence but a sweet coincidence for sure. 'Odyssey' is surrounded by 50 acre of Green Cover of trees that boarders the natural lake. 'No luxury can match a green environment'. Many large residential developments and layouts are in the neighborhood to keep your company. 'Peace is when you live among your own kind'. Equipped with the Gym, Swimming Pool, Party Hall, Indoor Games room and Lush Garden with walking track, 'Odyssey' is sure to soa k you with health, peace and luxury.


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NEW DELHI: India has told the International Court of Justice that it will soon appoint an arbitrator to resolve the Rs 10,247-crore tax dispute with British oil explorer Cairn Energy Plc.
Cairn on March 10 sought arbitration under the India-UK Bilateral Investment Protection Agreement against the tax demand raised on a 2006 internal business reorganisation, but the government initially refused to join it, saying tax disputes are not covered under the bilateral treaty.
The British firm on September 23 moved The Hague-based International Court of Justice seeking appointment of an arbitrator on behalf of the Government of India.
Sources said the ICJ sent a notice to the government seeking its response on the Cairn plea. In response, the government earlier this month told ICJ that it will join the arbitration and appoint an arbitrator soon, they said.
While Cairn had named former Bulgarian minister Stanimir A Alexandrov as its arbitrator in the matter, the government is yet to finalise its arbitrator, sources said.
Once the two arbitrators are in place, they will then appoint a neutral presiding judge of the three-member Arbitral Tribunal.
Cairn wants the Tribunal to declare that "India has violated its obligations under the Treaty and international law" and has "failed to accord Cairn's investments fair and equitable treatment and impaired them through unreasonable and discriminatory measures in violation of the Treaty."
Besides claiming cost of arbitration, it also wants to be compensated for the loss of value of its shareholding in Cairn India which the Income Tax Department had attached following the January 2014 tax assessment notice.
The government, on the other hand, maintains that the tax dispute does not fall within the scope of the India-UK Bilateral Investment Protection Agreement.
Cairn Energy, which had in 2011 sold majority stake in its Indian unit to mining group Vedanta for USD 8.67 billion, still holds 9.8 per cent stake in Cairn India. But it has been barred by the I-T Department from selling this stake.
The value of the shareholding in Cairn India has halved since attachment.
Disputing any capital gains made out of an internal business reorganisation, Cairn in the notice states that the UK-India BIT specified that each contracting party is required to "grant to investors of the other contracting party the unrestricted transfer of their investments and returns".
This was violated by attachment of Cairn Energy's shares in Cairn India and preventing it from selling those shares and repatriating or otherwise disposing of the proceeds, the arbitration notice said.


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text:
Q: How to access a query parameter ("$_GET") in mod_python? I want to know how to show requests ($_GET) on a python script ?
Note that i am using mod_python as basic web server running with apache2 on UBUNTU server.
If you have any idea your help will be very appreciated :)
Other python web server like Django etc ... note needed in my case because i am running only one python script for a specific task :)

A: For a simple script to respond to a web request, I'd not use mod_python; you probably want to switch to mod_wsgi instead here.
You'll have to parse the QUERY_STRING WSGI variable yourself; you can do so with the urlparse.parse_qs() function:
from urlparse import parse_qs

def application(environ, start_response):
    params = parse_qs(environ['QUERY_STRING'])
    foo = params.get('foo', [None])[0]

parse_qs parses out the query string and sets the value in the resulting dictionary to a list per key, because keys can occur more than once in a query string.
The above will pick out the first value in the list, or None if the key isn't present at all.
If you are going to stick to plain-vanilla WSGI, read a decent tutorial to understand how it works. I strongly recommend you use a framework however; even just Werkzeug can make your life as a developer vastly simpler, even for a simple script.
If you are going to stick with a mod_python request handler, replace environ['QUERY_STRING'] with request.args():
from urlparse import parse_qs

def requesthandler(req):
    params = parse_qs(req.args)
    foo = params.get('foo', [None])[0]

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


"Flexible Pavement Drainage Monitoring, Performance, and Stability" by Aiwen Feng, Jianfeng Hua et al.
The current study is a continuation of the study FHWA/IN/JTRP project HPR-2078, "Locating the Drainage Layer for Flexible Pavements". In this previous study, three test sections were constructed in a new pavement on a by-pass around Fort Wayne, Indiana. These test sections were instrumental to record temperatures, moisture, frost penetration, rainfall and subdrainage system overflow. Collected data and Finite Element Method (FEM) analysis indicate the subdrainage systems are performing satisfactorily. However, concern developed over the stability and rutting characteristics of the open-graded drainage layers. As a continuation study, longer term environmental and subdrainage performance data was collected. Additional data was collected from FWD tests, condition surveys and roughness measurements. Laboratory triaxial tests were also conducted on all asphalt mixtures, unbound aggregate materials and subgrades. Tests of asphalt mixtures were conducted at two loading speeds and both wet and dry. Asphalt mixture tests were conducted at the recorded seven-day high field temperature. These data were used in FEM analysis of the stability and rutting characteristics of the test sections The three subdrainage systems continue to be effective. There is no change in the ranking of performance. Section 1 (open-graded asphalt drainage layer over a dense asphalt base filter/separator layer) continues to drain significantly faster than section 2 and 3 (open-grade asphalt drainage layer over a dense aggregate filter/separator layer). Water infiltration through the surface has decreased significantly. The pavement sections are in excellent condition.