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Howard Hewett
Part 1: The October – November Mullet Run
Part 2: Small Boat Fishing in 40s & 50s
Part 3: Ethyl-Dow Plant in Kure Beach
Part 4: Monroe Shigley – Plant Manager at Ethyl Dow Plant
Part 5: Our River Farm Watermelon Patch
Part 6: Federal Point Methodist Church
Part 7: Abundant Seafood on Federal Point – 1948-1956
Part 8: Remembrances of Life on Federal Point, 1940 -1959
Joseph Ryder Lewis Jr.
Part 1: CB Earthworks
Part 2: Early Memories
Part 3: School Years 1930s – June 1944
Part 4: The 1940s – 1950s
Part 5: The Hermit and the Buffer Zone
Mike Robertson
Part 1: Family
Part 2: Kure Beach Pier
Hans A. Kure
H. A. Kure
Legacy of Hans and Ellen Kure
The Kure Family Legacy
Jennie Kure Robertson Bagley
Granddaddy – Crawford and Ed Lewis
Pearl Winner Fountain
Jimmy Davis
Part 1: Memories of the Boardwalk
Part 2: More ..Memories of the Boardwalk
Part 3: Up and Down the Boardwalk
Part 4: World War II on the Beach
Earl and Margaret Page
Part 2: Army Truck
Part 3: Blue Top Cottages
Part 4: Fishing for Mullett
Part 5: Salting Fish
Part 6: Fort Fisher Pier
Part 7: Fishing
Part 8: Oysters and Clams
Part 9: Fort Fisher
Faye and Norris Teague
Part 1: Trailways and the Tie Factory
Part 2: Sand Castle Hotel
Part 3: Kure Beach Post Office
Brenda Coffey
Part 1: Living at Kure Beach
Part 2: Kids in Kure Beach
Part 3: Family Meals
Part 4: Kure Beach Celebrates
Part 5: Politics, Ft. Fisher, Seabreeze
Part 6: Hurricanes
Dorothy McQuillan
Part 1: Carolina Beach
Part 3: Heglars Restaurant
Part 4: Freeman
Ray Rothrock
Part 1: Kure Beach
Part 2: Kure Beach Rentals
Part 3 Fort Fisher
Part 4: Charter Fishing Marina
Part 5: Lewis Store
Part 6: Downtown Kure Beach
Dub and Hazel Heglar
Part 1: Moving Houses
Part 2: Kure Beach Public Works
Part 3: Ocean View Restaurant
Part 4: Police, Fire Dept, Town Hall
Andy Canoutas
Part 1: Canoutas Restaurant
Part 2: A Kid in Kure Beach
Part 3: Town Attorney
Margaret and Bob Ford
Isabel Foushee
Part 1: Mackerel, Milk and Mountains
Part 2: Lewis Grocery
Part 3: School Memories
Fessa' John Hook
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Overview – All 13 Sets of Pictures
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Opening of Federal Point History Center – (40)
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Posted in Federal Point • Fort Fisher
Fort Fisher 152nd Reenactment
Fundraiser!
We'll be selling hot dogs, sodas, snacks and homemade cookies again this year. The reenactment is on Saturday January 14, from 10am – 4pm.
We need volunteers to "work the line" serving food as well as people to help set up and tear down. We also need donations of homemade cookies to go with the meals for the reenactors.
If you can volunteer your time and/or bake a batch of cookies please call the History Center at 458-0502. Leave a message on the machine if Rebecca or Cheri isn't there.
Posted in Carolina Beach • Federal Point • Historic Features – from Newsletters
Seabreeze Part 6 – The 50s
by Rebecca Taylor
After World War II Carolina Beach business owners worked hard to present the beach as a "family friendly" resort. The resort continued to attract large crowds, and on holidays cars might line the road as hundreds of black patrons walked along the main highway to Carolina Beach. Sometimes on weekend nights in the summer, Seabreeze music was audible for miles, and sometimes Carolina Beach officials and residents pressured Seabreeze business owners to lower the volume.
In 1951, Frank and Lulu (Freeman) Hill sold their New York residence and returned to Seabreeze to invest their life savings, building a restaurant, beach pavilion, bathhouse, and a paved parking lot on Lulu's inherited land – now part of Freeman Park. They called it the Monte Carlo by the Sea.
They came by bus, by cars, and whole churches. The Monte Carlo drew groups from all over North and South Carolina. "We had a lot of groups who came up even as far as South Carolina…We had them come up in busses," said Frank Hill who was proud of the Monte Carlo and believed it was the best beach facility available in North and South Carolina.
"The black people didn't have any other place to go…there was that place down in Atlantic Beach, down in South Carolina, but I think they only had about half a block space that they could be on."
The Wilmington City Directory of 1955 listed the following businesses at Seabreeze Beach: The Hotel Faison, the Daley Hotel, owned and operated by Richard Daley who also owned the Breeze Point Pavilion; the Edgewater Cafeteria, The Breeze Inn, and the Tavern, owned by Bruce and Bill Freeman. The Tavern was a lunch room but also had dining, dancing and facilities for private parties.
The heartbeat of Seabreeze was its many juke joints. At one point there were as many as 31 juke joints where jukeboxes (known as piccolos locally) supplied the "race music" that spawned not only rock-and-roll, but also the Shag, and Beach Music.
Those who vacationed there remember it well. Booker T. Wilson, who lives in Bolton, visited Seabreeze regularly as a young man. When asked what he remembered most about the place, Wilson promptly replied, "The dancing!" His favorite style of dance? "Swing. All of it," he said.
The music of Seabreeze drew people from miles around as live bands and jukeboxes exploded with the sounds of swing, soul and rhythm and blues brought to life by the voices of Little Richard, James Brown, the Platters and others. The area became known as a music mecca. Seabreeze's music was so distinctive that many locals called the beach strand "Bop City."
Clam Fritters
Recipes for clam fritters were closely guarded family secrets, and fritters varied from one eatery to the next. It would be safe to say that the basic recipe included eggs, milk, flour, and clams. Every restaurant specialized in seafood, fried fish, oysters, and soft shell crabs all gathered from the crystal clear sound shallows. Among the most famous was Sadie Wade's place where hundreds of diners enjoyed the nickel apiece clam fritters; the recipe is still a guarded secret of those with Seabreeze in their heritage.
Arthur Ross once put together the batter for the cakes. He estimated they sold 3,000 of the 6-inch- wide cakes made up of clams, green peppers, onions, flour and other secret ingredients before being deep-fried. The ocean breezes that blew through Seabreeze were no doubt infused with the smell of palate-pleasing dishes. Restaurants in Seabreeze served a diverse selection of food, but were renowned for their fresh and local seafood.
Hurricane Hazel
On October 15, 1954, Hurricane Hazel came ashore west of Seabreeze, along the Brunswick County Coast. The Category 4 storm, with 140 mile-per-hour winds and an 18 foot storm surge wreaked havoc all along the North Carolina coast, but hit Seabreeze with a blow that it would never recover from.
Because Freeman Beach was not listed as a Wilmington-area beach, it did not receive aid to rebuild.
When the storm departed, residents and property owners were tasked with cleaning, clearing and rebuilding. People who held land in common with other relatives found the job particularly daunting, as they were deemed ineligible for disaster relief loans.
Without financial assistance, many could not afford to rebuild. Those who were able, however, worked hard to bring Seabreeze back to life. Music, food and laughter did return; but the Seabreeze that once was, would be no more.
Frank Hill remembers, "It had taken away everything." The severe erosion caused by Carolina Beach Inlet and Hurricane Hazel destroyed the majority of the sound side and ocean side businesses and homes. Few people at Seabreeze had insurance and though many salvaged what building materials they could and tried to rebuild, Hazel was followed by two category storms the next year; Hurricane Connie and Hurricane Ione.
Frank Hill continues, "We survived until that last one [Hurricane Alma] came through in '62, and by them opening the Carolina Beach inlet it made it impossible because the beach was eroding so bad and it just put us out of business for good." This damage was exacerbated by the Carolina Beach Inlet Development Corporation's establishment of an inlet from the Atlantic Ocean to the Intracoastal Waterway claiming it would make access to the Atlantic Ocean easier.
Beach Music/Birth of the Shag
The R&B, soul, and beach music that played was notorious for drifting down streets and into other neighborhoods. Prominent musicians such as the Bobby Blue Band and Bo Diddley performed at Seabreeze. Accommodations were also plentiful for overnight visitors, who by law, weren't allowed to stay at hotels reserved for whites. Famous entertainers like Fats Domino, James Brown, and Ike and Tina Turner played for white audiences in Wilmington, but slept at the 25 room Loftin Hotel.
By the 40's you had whites in their teens and 20s coming to Seabreeze to listen to the music. Then they'd go back to Carolina Beach and tell the club owners what was hot. Music at Seabreeze was a bit different from Wrightsville and Carolina Beach because it was black swing, rhythm and blues—in short, everything the white race rioters had so greatly feared a couple decades earlier. The dance moves seemed suggestive and the volume was cranked up to a level that could be heard for miles around.
The legend of Malcolm Ray "Chicken" Hicks is a local favorite. Hicks was a teenager in 1941 when he visited Seabreeze and picked up on the R&B music and dance, which he already knew from his upbringing in Durham. Jukeboxes, which were called piccolos, were in every jump joint, and Hicks had an appreciation for what was then called race music.
Hicks also had a connection with a fellow named Parker who loaded up the jukeboxes at both Seabreeze and Carolina Beach, and was able to persuade Parker to put some of the same records he would have heard in Seabreeze into the jukeboxes in Carolina Beach.
Posted in Carolina Beach • Federal Point • Fort Fisher • Historic Features – from Newsletters
Seabreeze Part 5: The 40's
By the 1940's Seabreeze had its own hotels, restaurants, amusement parks, and dance halls. Drawing crowds from all over North Carolina it became known as the "National Negro Playground." Among the local businesses – many of them run by Freemans or members of other families linked by marriage – were bathhouses where visitors could rent bathing suits for the day.
Daley's Breezy Pier Restaurant was a two-story covered pavilion at the end of a pier where bands played and people fished and crabbed.
An amusement park opened in the summertime with a Ferris Wheel, a hobbyhorse (like a merry-go-round), chair planes, a carousel, the Octopus, and the Caterpillar. A fellow named Charlie ran the gambling tables. A Native American known as the Snake Man set up a sideshow tent, and one of the attractions he offered was "the Woman with No Body," which was actually his extremely short wife in a darkened setting that only revealed her head. He also ran a candy store and a small circus and mounted an impressive snake display.
Summers were especially busy when church groups packed buses for a day's amusement along the waterfront, then turned the beach over to the juke joint crowd at night. Farmers from inland counties would ride dozens of their field hands, on flatbed trucks, to Seabreeze for a day off. Seabreeze was so well known that it even attracted people from all over North Carolina and South Carolina. Some years people would even come on buses from Philadelphia and New Jersey."
During segregation, Carolina Beach police refused to allow Seabreeze visitors to pass through the town to visit the ocean side of the Freeman property, known as Freeman's Beach, so the family bought a boat to haul people there, letting them off in the marsh leading to the beach. You had to walk over the marsh lands – get mud in your feet and everywhere else.
Later Captain Rick Wilson – who later became the first black party-boat operator to get a slip at the Carolina Beach marina – ran a speedboat out of Seabreeze, offering rides for 50 cents a head. Others, including Margaret Green, ran ferries to take visitors across the sound to the ocean beach on the outlying barrier island. As the local economy recovered from the Great Depression, the Seabreeze community and its' recreation area were fully developed.
Bruce's Tavern was a two-story restaurant and dance hall with a fishing pier owned by Bruce Freeman. There was also Daley's Pier with a restaurant and pier for fishing and crabbing. At Barbecue Sam's, the proprietor raised pigs, butchered them, and smoked them on premises. Several bathhouses existed that allowed people to come out of the ocean, take a shower, get dressed, and go to the pavilions to dance.
There was a row of vine covered cottages which were used for overnight stays for people unable to drive and even an unofficial community jail. Photographers' shops, where visitors could have their pictures taken as mementos of their summer visits to Seabreeze were scattered throughout the area.
William Freeman who was born in 1941 and grew up in Seabreeze says, "It was fun, it was fun, it was fun. For black people to be able to come to a place like this, they came and danced and kicked up and had fun the whole weekend. That had to be a great thing for us psychologically. All these places, blacks owned it all. It was far more valuable than we realized it was."
WWII –
In January of 1942 a meeting was called to inform "all negro citizens" of the Sea Breeze area and to organize civilian defense units. The meeting was held at the Freeman church and Sheriff C. David Jones and the Mayor of Carolina Beach were the invited speakers.
In April 1942, the Federal Works Agency (FWA) allocated $12,800 for the construction of a bath house for the military. It included showers, locker rooms, and a lounge area.
In 1941, Camp Davis opened in Holly Ridge. It rapidly grew to include as many as 100,000 soldiers being trained in a variety of assault specialties. One section trained black soldiers in anti-aircraft artillery while an auxiliary base called Montford Point became the first training base for black Marines. As the war intensified the military presence became notable.
Black servicemen stationed nearby headed to Seabreeze on leave. There were even some training maneuvers that took place in the waterway. One long time resident reports that there were rumors among the residents that even the FBI trained along the undeveloped beach.
Black soldiers from the Fort Fisher training base would come up to Seabeeze. Some of the Freeman girls married some of the guys that used to be down at Fort. Fisher.
By the summer of 1943 a special "Jim Crow loading zone" was set up at the main bus terminal in Wilmington to handle the large crowds of black servicemen coming to Wilmington on leave. Another group was drawn to Carolina Beach, as well. Suddenly boys too young for the draft, but too old for parental supervision, flocked to Carolina Beach to work in the busy restaurants and hotels. White teenagers had learned to dance to 'race music' from blacks in the Hayti district of Durham.
While both Carolina Beach and Seabreeze owners were glad to cash in on the war boom, both beaches gained a reputation as somewhat "unruly." As one white woman who was a teenager during the war remarked; "there was a general feeling that these boys were facing the ultimate sacrifice in defense of their country and therefore deserved to cut loose before being shipped out."
Posted in Cape Fear Region • Federal Point • Monthly Meeting Reports
Jack Fryar—History Buff
by Nancy Gadzuk
The Federal Point History Center's August 15 meeting featured Jack Fryar, well-known local historian, prolific author, publisher, and, as his T-shirt proclaimed, History Buff. (His T-shirt also mentioned that, as a history buff, he'd be more interested in you if you were dead.)
Jack spoke on The Cape Fear in the Revolutionary War Part II: 1777 – 1781. He illustrated his detailed walk through various battles with numerous pictures of modern-day war reenactments alongside period maps from the Revolutionary War era.
He referred to this time period as the "first civil war," because after the Battle of Moore's Creek in 1776, settlers began to split into two camps: those who wished to remain loyal to the King, and those who wanted independence.
Charleston and Savannah had been important in the early Revolutionary War effort, but with the fall of Charleston in 1780, the British gained a toehold in the South and Wilmington became a critical focus.
The Cape Fear region was geographically very important to the war effort. First, the Cape Fear River is the only river in North Carolina with direct access to the Atlantic Ocean. This was critical for fighting a war in which the Loyalists were coming from across the Atlantic Ocean. Second, the Cape Fear River went inland 147 miles to Fayetteville, and effectively served to divide the state.
The Loyalist Major Craig used Wilmington as a base of operations until forced to evacuate by the Independent forces in 1781, marking the end of significant British presence in North Carolina.
Jack talked in detail about battles, battle routes, winners, and losers. It's important, however, to also keep in mind the human cost of all wars — the death, devastation, and destruction.
Posted in Federal Point • Historic Features – from Newsletters
Seabreeze Part 4 — Growth of Seabreeze
In February, 1930, the Wilmington Star reported that, "Electric poles are now being set from Wilmington to Seabreeze, a colored resort, by the Tide Water Power Company for the extension of electrical current." Then in July of 1931, the Wilmington News reported that the North Carolina Negro Insurance Association held its annual convention at Seabreeze with speakers from Durham, Winston, Charlotte as well as smaller towns.
By the Labor Day holiday of 1933, the Wilmington Star reported that "Ten thousand Negroes visited Seabreeze yesterday. They came by trucks, motor cars, buses, and, in fact, every mode of vehicle. Some trucks were loaded with as many as 75 to 100 men, women, and children all packed in these vehicles like sardines. Four large buses were employed in conveying the crowds to and from the resort. Trucks came from Fuquay Springs, Lumberton, Pembroke, Charity Cross Roads, and from numerous other towns in eastern and Piedmont North Carolina."
By July of 1934, Dr. Foster F. Burnett, a local Negro physician who was a Harvard University graduate, constructed a convalescent home and recreation center at Seabreeze that would accommodate up to 10 persons at a time. A pier was also constructed from the home to the sound. Dr. Burnett had plans to also build tennis courts, a golf course and other recreational facilities. That same month Dr. Burnett was promoting a request to the State Highway and Public Works Commission to improve the road connecting State Highway 40 with Seabreeze.
By the summer of 1935, the resort was so developed that the North Carolina Utilities Commission voted to grant a franchise to a Wilmington bus company to operate a bus line from Wilmington to Seabreeze.
In July 1938, the Wilmington Star reported the "purchase of a site at Seabreeze in connection with a development for colored tourists, to cost about $7,600 was announced yesterday by Ben McGhee. The pavilion is to be located off the Carolina Beach road near the entrance to Seabreeze."
By the summer of 1938, C.C. Spaulding, President of the North Carolina Mutual Life Insurance Company of Durham, announced plans to purchase a lot and build a vacation home at Seabreeze. "Spaulding announced his plan following a weekend visit to the resort in which he was favorably impressed with the quietness of the resort on the southern side of Seabreeze as most conductive to rest and relaxation."
By the mid-1930s, Seabreeze was in full swing. They had so many visitors that parking became a problem. On summer weekends cars lined Carolina Beach Road for up to a mile. On holiday weekends the New Hanover County Sheriff assigned deputies to supervise traffic flow to and from the resort. At least 10 restaurants, including Barbecue Sam's, served summer visitors. The area's cooks quickly became famous for their clam fritters, often with finely chopped bell peppers and onions.
At some point in the 1930s, there seems to have been talk of incorporating Seabreeze as a municipality. An editorial appeared in the Wilmington Star that advised them that it would be "Wise to go Slow" concluding with; "It is, therefore, our advice to our Negro citizens to proceed with caution. They should do everything possible to develop their resort, and for this they are to be commended, but corporate responsibilities may invite worries that are not compensated by such benefits as might accrue."
Seabreeze Part 3 – With the Turn of the Century
Freeman Family at Mt. Pilgrim Church
The Freeman Heirs
In July 1902, Robert Bruce Freeman Jr., appeared in the New Hanover County Clerk of Court's Office bearing his father's will for probate.
The surviving children (all sons) from Robert Bruce's first marriage inherited most of the Old Homestead. Robert Bruce, Jr., Archie, Rowland, Nathan, and Ellis received fifty-seven acres each.
Dulcia, the widow of Robert and Catherine's son, Daniel Freeman, were granted lifetime rights in fifty-seven acres of the Old Homestead. Thereafter, the property was to be divided equally between Daniel and Dulcia's children, Ida and Hattie. Lena was also given fifty-seven acres of the Old Homestead.
Lena's children were to "share and share alike" with Catherine's children in all the lands outside of the Old Homestead while Lena's children were not included in the Old Homestead division."
Unfortunately, the vagueness of the bequest to Lena's children would haunt the family into the 21st Century. As early as 1914 "the court appointed a Board of Commissioners to determine the boundaries for each tract. They decided that the tracts would run west to east, from the Cape Fear River to the Atlantic Ocean. This gave each heir access to the river, sound, ocean, and soil suitable for cultivation."
After Robert Bruce, Jr.'s death, Ellis Freeman, youngest son by his first marriage, took over management of the family lands. "He obtained a $50,000 government permit to sell yellow granite, and created a profitable business carrying people out on the ocean fishing."
The Beginning of Carolina Beach
In the 1880's Freeman gave Captain John Harper, owner of the steamer Wilmington and a partner in the New Hanover Transit Company, the right of way to build a railroad through his property at Carolina Beach in exchange for free train passes for the black people of the area.
On March 11, 1887, W. L. Smith, Jr. bought a strip of land comprised of 24 acres for the amount of $66.50. These acres were between the head of Myrtle Grove Sound and the ocean beach. Today this land is located in the heart of the business district of the Town of Carolina Beach.
The following year, 1888, the New Hanover Transit Company sponsored a free excursion to Carolina Beach for indigent and infirmed colored people in Wilmington. About five hundred people took the trip including church members from St. Stephen, St. Luke, St. Mark, Mount Olive, Central Baptist and Chestnut Street Presbyterian churches.
In 1913, the Freeman heirs financed Alexander W. Pate and Joseph Laughlin a large tract with boundaries running from the end of the "old road bed of the New Hanover Transit Company's railroad" to about 5,000 feet south of Sugar Loaf and then over to the beach.
Seabreeze Established
In the early 1920's, Ellis Freeman, one of Robert, Sr.'s heirs, sold the first lots on the Seabreeze tract with full right of ingress and egress to and over any and all portion of the sea beach east of and across Myrtle Grove Sound.
Seabreeze managed to promote black ownership of recreational property and businesses – something other black beaches in the country had been unsuccessful in doing in spite of well-organized attempts."
The first beach structure called "Seabreeze" was built in 1922. It was about the time of the great boom in beachfront development. It was also a time of resurgent black pride and enterprise, the era of the Harlem Renaissance.
Victoria Lofton
Tom and Victoria Lofton, a prominent black couple from Wilmington, completed construction on the Russell Hotel, a twenty-five room, three-story hotel, restaurant and dance hall. Peter Simpson and his wife opened Simpson's Hotel and development began to spring up all around.
The Harlem-based, syndicated black columnist Geraldyne Dismond reported, to her surprise, cottages that resembled a "transplanted Seventh Avenue tea room, swank…bungalows and a sporting crowd dressed in linen suits and driving roadsters."
Daley Breezy Pavilion
In the spring of 1929, the Wilmington Star reported that at Seabreeze, the Negro resort, a new hotel is under construction.
According to residents of that section it will greatly facilitate the housing problem there during the season and an increase of the number of Negroes visiting this section is expected to result from the construction program.
Then by February 1930 the Tide Water Power Company was extending poles from Wilmington to Seabreeze. And, by July of 1931 the Wilmington News was reporting that the North Carolina Negro Insurance Association held its annual convention at Seabreeze with speakers from Durham, Winston-Salem, Charlotte as well as smaller towns.
Posted in Federal Point • History Shorts
Seabreeze – A History Part I – The Freeman Family
"Because Sea Breeze was a leisure site, it has deep meaning for residents and former business owners, as well as for people who patronized it. The old resort has a remarkably wide constituency. All over North Carolina I have encountered people who have vivid and fond memories of Sea Breeze." – Jennifer Edwards, 2003
We'll probably never know why Alexander (b. 1788 d. cir. 1855) and Charity (b. 1798 – d. 1873) Freeman chose to relocate from Bladen County to the headwaters of Myrtle Grove Sound in the 1840s but they appear in the 1840 New Hanover County Census in the "Lower Black River District" (probably in what is now Bladen County) of New Hanover County in a household of 7. Listed in the 1830 & 1840 censuses as "free colored persons," the family has always proudly claimed a family lineage that includes significant Native American heredity.
By the 1850 census Alexander, a fisherman, Charity, a 52 year old woman, Robert B.,an 18 year old laborer, and Archie,an 11 year old are listed as a household in Federal Point Township. Clearly the family thrived in the quiet backwater with two large plantations, Sedgeley Abbey and Gander Hall, as their closest neighbors. Deed records show that in 1855 Alexander bought approximately 99 acres of land at the head of Myrtle Grove Sound. By the time of his death, believed to be sometime in the mid-1850s, his oldest son, Robert Bruce, inherited an estate that included 180 acres "situated on the south side of cedar drain and adjacent to the land of Thomas Williams and Henry Davis."
In the 1860 Census of Federal Point Robert Bruce Freeman (b. 1832 – d. 1901) is listed as a fisherman and the value of his real estate is listed at $100.00. In 1857 Robert Bruce married Catherine Davis (b. 1837) probably a relative of the nearby Davis family. By 1870 their family had grown to include Archie (b. 1857 – d. 1930), and Robert Bruce Jr. (b. 1859 – d. 1944), as well as Catherine (b. 1863), Daniel (b. 1867), and Roland (b. 1869). Their last son, Ellis, was born in 1875.
By the 1870 census almost half of the population of Federal Point Township was listed as black or mulatto and Robert Bruce and Catherine were clearly leaders of their community. In December 1870 Robert Bruce was appointed to the School Committee of Federal Point. By the mid 1870s he had donated land to build a school for "the colored children of Federal Point." The school opened in 1877, and had 34 students led by teacher Charles M. Epps.
In January 1876 Robert Bruce purchased almost 2,500 acres of land including the old Sedgeley Abbey and Gander Hall plantations with land running between the Atlantic Ocean and the Cape Fear River, becoming one of the largest land holders in New Hanover County.
Robert Bruce donated 10 acres of land along the river (taken from the former Gander Hall Plantation) to St. Stephens AME church in Wilmington to use as a campground – the beginning of the concept of using the sandy waterfront land as an escape for African-American city dwellers.
In 1887 the Wilmington Star noted that "Chief Justice" Freeman opened a law dispensary at Carolina Beach, and he was prepared to issue ―writs at living prices. Special attention given to mandamuses, quo warrants, scieri facieses, capiases and respondum, etc. The blind goddess always on hand with scales in good condition."
It is clear that Robert Bruce Freeman was considered a "significant" citizen of the Lower Cape Fear. He is listed as serving on the Criminal Court Grand Jury in Wilmington in local newspapers including October, 1879; February, 1884; and January, 1888.
Catherine died, sometime in the 1870s and in 1888 Robert Bruce married his second wife, Lena (Lizzy) Davis (b. 1871 – d. 1944) and added four additional children to the family; Roscoe, Dorotha, Benjamin, and Tahlia. Robert Bruce died in 1901 and was buried in a family cemetery. At his death his land was parceled into tracts, designed to be self-supporting waterfront properties.
In July 1902, Robert Bruce Freeman Jr. appeared in the New Hanover County Clerk of Court's Office bearing his father's will for probate. The surviving children (all sons) from Robert Bruce's first marriage inherited most of the Old Homestead. Robert Bruce, Jr., Archie, Rowland, Nathan, and Ellis received fifty-seven acres each. Dulcia, the widow of Robert and Catherine's son, Daniel Freeman, was granted lifetime rights to Fifty-seven acres of the Old Homestead. Thereafter the property was to be divided equally between Daniel and Duclia's children, Ida and Hattie. Lena was also given fifty-seven acres of the Old Homestead. Lena's children were to "share and share alike" with Catherine's children in all the lands outside of the Old Homestead while Lena's children were not included in the Old Homestead division."
After Robert Bruce Jr.'s death, Ellis Freeman, youngest son by his first marriage, took over management of the family lands. "He obtained a $50,000 government permit to sell yellow granite, and created a profitable business carrying people out on the ocean fishing."
Fishing – A Way of Life
The Freemans fished the Intracoastal Waterway with family using casting nets, taking homemade poles into the sound, or sitting on a pier, waiting patiently with baited hook. Somebody had to harvest clams to make those well-known fritters, and kids joined adults in hauling the mollusks.
The Freeman family was legendary for its fishing prowess and had a 'spot' that was all its own near Fort Fisher. Other fishing boats respected the Freemans' territorial rights and did not compete near Fort Fisher. The family owned one motor and three boats, so it was not uncommon to see them string at least two boats together with a rope.
Customers, both black and white, looked forward to the Freemans' return with the catch of the day.
The Freeman brothers cast wide nets to catch their bait, typically shad, menhaden, pogie, herring. Throughout the day, the Freemans strung up their catch on sea oats, and at the end of the day they would charge 25 cents per string. Kids looking forward to a good meal would watch for the Freeman boats and swim out to help pull them ashore.
Posted in Federal Point
Finding Your Family History – by Rebecca Taylor
The Federal Point Historic Preservation Society will hold its monthly meeting on Monday, March 21, 7:30 p.m. at the Federal Point History Center, 1121-A North Lake Park Blvd., adjacent to Carolina Beach Town Hall.
Due to unforeseen circumstances the Corps of Engineers will not be our speaker this month. We hope to reschedule them for next fall.
Instead our program will be "Finding Your Family History" with Rebecca Taylor speaking. She will cover the major databases, both free and subscription, including Family Search and Ancestry.com as well as other ancillary sites like Newspapers.com and Find-a-Grave. This is a basic, beginner's introduction to genealogy and will focus on things anyone can do on their own from home or the public library.
A retired librarian, Rebecca's interest in her family's history was kindled by watching Who Do You Think You Are? and Finding Your Roots as well as taking a trip to the Midwest where her paternal ancestors were from. And, of course, like anyone living in SE North Carolina, finding her Civil War ancestor.
It helped that her partner, also a retired librarian, had been working on her family history for a number of years and already had a subscription to Ancestry.com.
Rebecca will also recount some of the mistakes she made in the beginning, and how she traced her maternal line all the way back to the sister of King Henry VIII and Robert Stewart, the illegitimate son of King James V of Scotland by a courtier named and Euphemia Elphinstone.
This lively program will include PowerPoint slides, guided computer searches, and personal stories, as well as helpful handouts designed to give people a jump-start at finding their own family history.
For more information contact Rebecca Taylor, Federal Point History Center, 910-458-0502, Rebecca@federal-point-history.org
Posted in Carolina Beach • Federal Point • Sugar Loaf Earthworks
Joseph Ryder Lewis, Jr Civil War Park
Posted in Federal Point • Fort Fisher • Oral History
Oral History: Remembrances of Life on Federal Point, 1940 -1959 (Part 2 of 2)
by: Howard Hewett, Jones Creek, TX – October, 2015 (Part 2 of 2) (Read Part 1)
Cape Fear Lighthouse 1903-1958 Bald Head Island
Winter Time Camping
In 1951, my scout troop, along with our scout master, Chevis Faircloth, liked to use the abandoned ammunition bunkers in the winter as one of our camping locations. I remember it well because on one occasion a yellow jacket bit my ring finger just in front of my new scout ring. Before I could get the ring off, my finger swelled to the point that I could not remove it. It was good the Chevis had a pair of side cutters. It is reported that someone known as the Fort Fisher Hermit lived in one of the bunkers for 17 years from 1955 to 1972.
Another one of our favorite camping spots in the winter was Silver Lake. My friend Jimmy Collier's dad was in real estate. At the time, he had purchased the lake and the land around it. You could get to it by a dirt road. Jimmy's dad had poured a concrete slab and had built a fireplace a hundred or so yards off from the lake. This made a good camping spot.
I recall Jimmy and I frying chicken on an open fire in the fireplace. We decided to it would be great if we made some milk gravy. I think we had too much oil so we continue to add flour and milk resulting in a semi-brown mixture. It was definitely a learning experience. Our final product was more like glue than gravy, but the chicken was good.
Summertime Camping on Bald Head Island
From time to time, there were camping trips on Bald Head Island. Our scout leader Chevis Faircloth would organize the trip and someone with a large boat would take us to the south side of Corncake Inlet and put us ashore.
Cape Fear Lighthouse – 1914
With our camping gear of fishing poles, some staples, very little clothing and jungle hammocks, we hiked about five miles to the general location of the wrought iron and steel frame lighthouse. We set up camp in dense grove of live oaks within 100 yards or so of the lighthouse because, as I can best recall, there was a source of water there. The grove of oaks was thick enough to enable all of us to hang our hammocks. All of our hammocks were surplus purchased at the Army surplus store at Carolina Beach. They were referred to a "jungle hammocks." I assume most of them were surplus from the Pacific theater.
The hammock could be used with a spreader – two 30" sticks cut from the brush to hold the hammock open – or without the sticks, which allowed the canvas bottom to come up around you. This was all right when it the weather was cool, but on hot summer nights, I preferred the stick spreaders. Attached to the bottom canvas was a four-wall mosquito net.
Once in the hammock, you would zip yourself in, which was needed because of the abundance of mosquitoes on Bald Head Island. Attached to the top of the netting was a tarp like material, which acted as a tent. It had eight lines that connected to the corners and sides of the tarp. The lines on the ends could be attached above the rope that was holding up the hammock and the other six could be attached to low hanging branches to form a tent over your hammock. This provided good shelter when it rained.
Because of the heavy population of hogs that roamed the island, it was not unusual to have hogs visit the camp at night; it was good to be sleeping above ground. Some nights when it got too hot in the oak grove, we would slip out to the beach and lay at the edge of the water on our back and watch the stars between the flashes of light from the lighthouse. There always seem to be a sea breeze on the point in the direction of Frying-Pan shoals.
We basically had the island to ourselves, other than the wildlife and occasional Coastguard men, the island had no human inhabitants. Our days were spent fishing and exploring.
There was an old lighthouse that stood on the riverside of the island, which as the time was just called "Old Bald Head Lighthouse." It was covered in a jungle of grape vines and was a little on the spooky side. At this writing, it is referred as "Old Baldy." On some trips when the grapes were ripe, everyone got their fill of grapes, and, of course, purple hands.
I was 15 years old when Hurricane Hazel hit the Carolina coast. Our house exterior was covered in what's called 105 siding. Dad had decided to cover it with asbestos shingles, which was a very popular siding. The project was not completed. So the morning the storm hit, we were outside trying to secure the unfinished siding by nailing strips of wood at the top of the last course of shingles.
I recall my mother coming to the window and saying "Curtis, waves are coming over the sand dunes up toward Kure Beach." Dad quickly gathered up the Hewett-Lewis clan with some provisions and headed through the back roads of Kure Beach to the Ethyl Dow Office complex which was a strong concrete/brick structure and relatively high off the river.
Dad was Ethyl Dow's supervisor for the facility at that time. Most of the employees who lived on the Atlantic brought their families to the plant along with those who had no place to go. I do not recall how many folks were there, but families were assigned offices as their personal areas. Dad's office was a nice-sized one with a desk and a drafting table. The drafting table became my bed. The plant lunchroom became gathering place for coffee and a place to visit.
The main concern was to stay away from exterior windows. I remember a couple of things during the height of the storm. While standing in a protected doorway, I saw a heavy piece of corrugated siding come off one of the buildings and fly through the air. It hit a telephone pole and snapped in two. Later in the day, I saw the export dock float off its pilings.
During a lull in the storm, I was allowed to ride with my Dad and others to the building referred as to the seawater intake. Dad wanted to check for flooding in the pump building. Waves were extremely high and were actively breaking in the intake basin and crashing against the outer wall of the building. Needless to say, we did not stay long. By the time we returned to the office building, the wind had started to pick back up.
I do not recall how long we sheltered at the plant, but it was less than 48 hours. When the storm passed, we returned home and observed devastation all around us. Our home was intact, but houses up and down the beach were gone. Our beloved sand dunes, in front of our house, no longer existed. There was about 5-6 inches of sand covering the yard and debris from houses everywhere. Recovery and getting back to some normalcy took many weeks.
My dad, Howard Curtis Hewett, Sr., and I have had many discussions over the years about what saved our house. It could have been we were just lucky that the debris in the wave action never reached the house.
Hardpan showing after Hurricane Hazel, 1954.
The other mitigating factor that may have contributed to the house's longevity is the geologic formation in front of the house that dad called "hardpan."
The material appeared to be a mixture of compacted very black sand-clay substance that had a lot of wood in the composition. Rubbing it would turn your hands black. I do not know how thick the formation was but during some of the Nor'easters or Northeasters, I was aware of as much as four foot of the formation exposed. This formation was three to four foot under the sand.
After Hurricane Hazel, as the Corp of Engineer were pushing sand around on the beach, Dad had several confrontations with them about damaging the hardpan. There should not be any argument about Dad's position in that the house has been sitting on the Atlantic Ocean for 77 years as of 2015.
Memorable Fishing Trip After Hurricane Hazel
There was a lot of beach damage during Hurricane Hazel. Our beloved beach hill was completely gone. In the weeks that followed, there were many hours of clean-up and repairs. One weekend, as a reprieve from all the work, Dad suggested we launch the boat in front of the house and travel down to the blockade wrenches out from Fort Fisher.
This particular day the surf was pounding the bar about 35 yards from the beach with 8 to 10 foot breakers. The waves were running across the bar and emptying in a slough that was approximately 15 yards wide. There was very little wave action on the beach side of the slough. Because of the distance from the house to the blockade-runner wrecks, we attached our 9.9-horse Johnson motor to the boat.
This was a motor that was purchased from surplus, but was in fairly good running condition. It had a large exposed fly-wheel and required a starter rope to start. After all the preparations were completed, we slipped the boat into the water. I was in the stern seated on a 5-gallon bucket operating the motor and Dad was sitting on the middle bench. We ran down the slough under minimum power as Dad watched for a lull in the breakers.
When the opportunity came, Dad said, "Let's take her to sea." Having a history with seafaring people, Dad used this term quite often. He used it to make a lot of things active around the water. Another term for putting on the brakes was "throw out the anchor."
Anyway, we were on plane before we got out of the slough and we were racing across the bar. As we approached the breakers our motor sputtered and quit. Even with a herculean effort the motor would not restart.
We survived the first wave, but the second broke directly into the boat. The force of the wave pushed us back toward the beach, but we did not turn over. Our boat was full of water up to the gunnels. Dad and I jumped out onto the bar and found we were still in four feet of water. The force of the wave was so powerful that it washed Dad's wallet out of his back pocket. Dad spotted it floating away, but was able to retrieve it by quick action on his part. The slough was somewhat deeper and it was a struggle to get the boat back to the beach. We later repaired the motor, but we never used it in that application again.
Federal Point Mosquitoes
The mosquitoes that inhabited Federal Point were as vicious as mosquitoes anywhere. The best example that I can relate took place in 1959 while I was a sophomore at Texas Lutheran College. I went back to North Carolina to spend the summer with my grandmother.
During this summer, I worked for the Bame family. My best friend Howard Knox's father was married to a daughter of the owner of Bame's holdings. The holdings consisted of a hotel, three full-service gas stations (one station also served as a grocery store), a building supply store and Barbara Boat Sales.
That summer I worked at two of the stations and helped transport building supplies from Wilmington's rail-head to Carolina Beach when needed. Because Howard Knox and I grew up together starting in first grade and continuing at Sun Set Park and New Hanover High School, we were paired on the same work shift so we could have our free time together.
To promote the boat sales, we were allowed to take the demonstration boat out water-skiing on our days off. You could ski almost all day on a 5-gallon tank of gas and we did not have to buy the gas. But, thinking back, you could buy a gallon of gas for about the same price as a loaf of bread. Both were less than 20 cents.
We were allowed to use the station's Jeep after hours so we would often check out all the lovers' parking spots for people who were stuck in sand, which was not unusual and it was a good way to pick up some extra cash.
Over the years of reading and listening to early narratives of Federal Point, most stories contained stories of mosquitoes. One quote that has always stood out to me is the appraisal by Cpl. Theodore "Ted" Litwin, 445th AAA Battalion, Camp Davis at Fort Fisher. He stated, "Hell hole! The biggest joke we had going were 'combat mosquitoes' that were at the airport. They pumped 50 gallons of gas in them before they found out it was a mosquito."
My story just adds to the mosquito lore.
One particular night when the mosquitoes were extremely viscous, Howard Knox and I were checking all the lovers' parking spots south of the gates at Fort Fisher. We came across a couple's car that was buried to the axle and the mosquitoes were eating the occupants alive. They did not want to wait for us to pull them out; instead, they wanted us to take them back to Carolina Beach as quickly as possible. We put them in the back of Jeep delivered them to their beach cottage.
Upon arrival, the guy gave us his keys and handed us each a $50 dollar bill to retrieve the car. When a guy pays $100 in 1959 to get away from Federal Point's mosquitoes, it put some perspective on the comments of the soldiers in the early days of Fort Fisher.
Read Part 1: Remembrances of Fort Fisher
[Additional resources]
John Moseley – Presents: Fort Fisher in World War II
The Hewett Homes in Fort Fisher, NC – FPHPS -Slide show
Read all Howard Hewett's Oral History postings on FPHPS
[All photos provided by Howard Hewett – Click any image for more detail]
The Beach Hill in front of Hewett home prior to Hurricane Hazel 1952-53
General location of our front yard beach hill after Hurricane Hazel 1954. Showing hardpan & some tree stumps.
Definition of Hardpan:
(härd'pān')
A hard, usually clay-rich layer of soil lying at or just below the ground surface, in which soil particles are cemented together by silica, iron oxide, calcium carbonate, or organic matter that has precipitated from water percolating through the soil.
Hardpan does not soften when exposed to water. Also called caliche.
Bulldozers pushing sand to form a beach hill. The power pole was behind beach hill prior to Hazel.
Looking north toward the Danner Home (at Davis Rd); south of the Kure Beach city limits.
Hazel -Toward Kure Beach City Limits
Hazel – South of Kure Beach city limits
Tagged Howard Hewett
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text:
Q: Scala, http4s, fs2. Why does fileupload using http4s with fs2 reads just one line while reading as bytes reads completely I have the following snippet using multi part  file uploads. One of the parts reads as byte while the other reads string. One that reads as Byte shows the correct size while the one reading as String reads only one line. What am I missing ?
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A: Solution:

Because you are reading the whole data as a single string, maybe you
also wanted to through(text.lines)

Credits: "Luis Miguel Mejía Suárez"

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
September 11 Put Call
were the stocks of various airlines shorted just before 9/11?
Claim: In the days just prior to the 11 September 2001, large quantities of stock in United and American Airlines were traded by persons with foreknowledge of the upcoming 9/11 attacks.
Status: False.
Origins: On 11 September 2001, four planes were hijacked and used in the Attack on America: American Airlines Flight 11 leaving Boston bound for Los Angeles, American Airlines Flight 77 leaving Washington bound for Los Angeles, United Airlines Flight 175 leaving Boston bound for Los Angeles, and United Airlines Flight 93 leaving Newark bound for San Francisco. Each of these planes was deliberately crashed, killing all on board — two into the World Trade Center towers, one into the Pentagon, and one into a field in Pennsylvania. (Only the delay in takeoff of UA Flight 93 and the actions of the alerted passengers on board prevented it from becoming yet another instrument of destruction resulting in an even greater loss of life.)
The operation had taken years to plan, and the perpetrators knew well in advance which airlines would be affected.
In the month prior to the 11 September 2001 attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon, unusual trading activity involving American and United Airlines stock was noted by market analysts who at the time had no idea what to make of it. Wildly unusual discrepancies in the put and call ratio — 25 to 100 times normal — were reportedly observed in stock options of the two airlines. In one case, Bloomberg's Trade Book electronic trading system identified option volume in UAL (parent of United Airlines) on 16 August 2001 that was 36 times higher than usual.
(Options are wagers that the price of a 100-share block of a particular stock will rise or fall by a certain date. "Puts" are "shorts" — bets the stock price will fall. "Calls" are bets the price will rise. Thus, one who has reason to believe a particular company is about to suffer a terrible reversal of fortune would purchase "puts" against that entity's stock.)
But it was during the final few trading days (the market closes on weekends) that the most unusual variances in activity occurred. Bloomberg data showed that on 6 September 2001, the Thursday before that black Tuesday, put-option volume in UAL stock was nearly 100 times higher than normal: 2,000 options versus 27 on the previous
On 6 and 7 September 2001, the Chicago Board Options Exchange handled 4,744 put options for United Airlines' stock, translating into 474,000 shares, compared with just 396 call options, or 39,600 shares. On a day that the put-to-call ratio would normally have been expected to be roughly 1:1 (no negative news stories about United had broken), it was instead 12:1.
On 10 September 2001, another uneventful news day, American Airlines' option volume was 4,516 puts and 748 calls, a ratio of 6:1 on yet another day when by rights these options should have been trading even. No other airline stocks were affected; only United and American were shorted in this fashion.
Accelerated investments speculating a downturn in the value of Morgan Stanley and Merrill Lynch (two New York investment firms severely damaged by the World Trade Center attack) were also observed.
The National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States (also known as the "9/11 Commission") investigated these rumors and found that although some unusual (and initially seemingly suspicious) trading activity did occur in the days prior to September 11, it was all coincidentally innocuous and not the result of insider trading by parties with foreknowledge of the 9/11 attacks:
Highly publicized allegations of insider trading in advance of 9/11 generally rest on reports of unusual pre-9/11 trading activity in companies whose stock plummeted after the attacks. Some unusual trading did in fact occur, but each such trade proved to have an innocuous explanation. For example, the volume of put options — instruments that pay off only when a stock drops in price — surged in the parent companies of United Airlines on September 6 and American Airlines on September 10 — highly suspicious trading on its face. Yet, further investigation has revealed that the trading had no connection with 9/11. A single U.S.-based institutional investor with no conceivable ties to al Qaeda purchased 95 percent of the UAL puts on September 6 as part of a trading strategy that also included buying 115,000 shares of American on September 10. Similarly, much of the seemingly suspicious trading in American on September 10 was traced to a specific U.S.-based options trading newsletter, faxed to its subscribers on Sunday, September 9, which recommended these trades. The SEC and FBI, aided by other agencies and the securities industry, devoted enormous resources to investigating this issue, including securing the cooperation of many foreign governments. These investigators have found that the apparently suspicious consistently proved innocuous.
Carpenter, Dave. "Option Exchange Probing Reports of Unusual Trading Before Attacks."
The Associated Press. 18 September 2001.
Schoolman, Judith. "Probe of Wild Market Swings in Terror-Tied Stocks."
[New York] Daily News. 20 September 2001 (p. 6).
Toedtman, James and Charles Zehren. "Profiting from Terror?"
Newsday. 19 September 2001 (p. W39).

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Managers hold the engagement and well-being of their team members in their hands. Bad managers are toxic. Not only do they undermine the positive culture and performance of an organization, but they also negatively affect the engagement and personal well-being of the individuals who report to them.
Gallup research shows that managers account for 70% of the variance in employee engagement, so organizational efforts to increase engagement are wasted on employees with bad managers. Worse still, low engagement is linked to higher levels of stress. This stress extends beyond the walls of the office, affecting employees on the drive into and home from the office during their commute. According to medical research, stress exacerbates many health conditions. Scientists believe many of these negative health conditions actually accelerate the aging process. In sum, a bad manager can literally be a man-ager.
Let's take a closer look at an example of how a manager with poor performance can negatively affect those on the team: Sarah was the most tenured employee in her department, so she was promoted to a management position. Gallup's extensive research on management found tenure to be the number one reason people are promoted to a management position, regardless of the fact that tenure does not correlate to performance in this role. Sarah was ill-equipped to be a manager. Her intentions were good, but her behavior was disengaging. She preferred her natural comfort of managing her inbox and completing tasks to pursuing meaningful interactions with her staff. In short, she ignored her team. When her staff made discretionary effort, she did not notice. When they were confronted with conflicting priorities, she could not help her team sort to the most important. When they did good work, she did not understand how to praise them in a way where they felt valued. And her team struggled. One Gallup study found that when managers ignore their team, nearly 99% of employees are not engaged.
Managers like Sarah are far too common in our workplaces today. She was a hard-working team member who was excellent at moving along a process. But the missed opportunities to engage her people emotionally left them feeling stressed. They did not experience the positive energy of praise for good work, or the clarity of focused expectations, or the intimacy of trust-building when something went wrong.
61% of workers who strongly agree that their manager focuses on their strengths are engaged.
90% of workers who strongly agree that their manager focuses on their development are engaged.
Simply put, great managers are strengths-based coaches who develop their team members. Great managers are catalysts for creating a positive culture and high performance in an organization -- and they transform the engagement of the individuals who report to them. Don't be a man-ager. Be a coach.
Let's take a closer look at an example of how a manager can positively affect those on the team: Mary was a young branch manager recently promoted at a regional bank. The branch had a good location, but staff turnover had been rampant under the previous manager, and performance suffered. Over the next 18 months, Mary engineered a complete turnaround and the branch was awarded a prestigious sales and service award.
How did she do it? She focused on what people naturally did well, and unmotivated employees either improved their attitude or decided to leave. She talked with and listened to her team, and people felt inspired to contribute more. She praised her team when they succeeded and corrected them when they failed, and they repeated their successes and learned from their failures. Mary was not only a manager. She was a coach.
Slight shifts in a manager's approach can go a long way toward making an employee feel heard, known and developed. A manager who coaches begins with a person's natural patterns of thinking, feeling and behaving -- their talents. A coach also focuses on the four development catalysts that lead to powerful people management. Don Clifton describes these catalysts in Soar With Your Strengths: right expectation, relationship, recognition and mission.
Managers should apply the following concepts related to the catalysts; each of these will be further explored in this "Manager as Coach" blog series.
Talent orientation trumps task orientation: Coaches think first about employees' talents, and then they assign the tasks that employees need to accomplish.
Right expectation: Coaches prioritize and specify expectations that align with employees' strengths.
Relationship: Coaches authentically care about people and put people's development at the top of their "to-do" list.
Recognition: Coaches know that every interaction -- not just monthly or annual events -- is an opportunity for recognition. They individualize the recognition based on employees' talents.
Mission: Coaches know that the "why" of an action is far more powerful than the "how." They personalize the "why" to resonate with each team member.
Individuals deserve to have managers who behave as coaches. Their engagement and well-being depend upon it. Companies need to hire and develop more managers who have natural talents for coaching. Their organization's overall engagement and performance depend upon it. The global economy needs millions of managers who coach. The engagement, stability and growth of the world depends upon it.
Benjamin Erikson-Farr serves as the Performance Team Lead, Learning and Development, at Gallup. He manages a global team of learning and development professionals who work with Gallup clients to improve organizational performance and drive business results through consulting, analysis and development. Benjamin is also responsible for managing Gallup's translations team, ensuring that the company provides high-quality translations of its consulting and learning materials to clients worldwide.


Who doesn't love some free fizz or a bargain?
Shoppers will be able to get their hands on loads of freebies when Bond Street in Chelmsford celebrates its first birthday on Saturday.
The shopping centre is marking the end of its first year with a huge party and many of the stores are taking part, offering drinks, nibbles and special discounts.
On Saturday (September 30), there will be a whole host of offers available to shoppers who come to the centre.
Celebrations kick off at 11am with a grand parade through the High Street featuring dance, music and entertainment, and ends at 4pm with a glitter cannon over The Bowl, opposite John Lewis.
Accessorize will run a 'Match and Win' lucky dip competition, customers who receives a flyer can win prizes from discounts to gift cards.
White Stuff is running several fun events and competitions with gift vouchers and goody bags as prizes. Plenty of fun kids events too.


Title Fight performed "Rose of Sharon" and "Mrahc" (among other songs from Hyperview) at the second of Pitchfork's SXSW parties at House of Vans at the Mohawk yesterday.
Wednesday's party featured Speedy Ortiz (featuring Hannibal Buress!), Rae Sremmurd, Courtney Barnett, Sophie, A. G. Cook, Viet Cong, Shamir, Son Lux, Natalie Prass, Lydia Ainsworth, Torres, and Steve Gunn.
Thursday's lineup included both Arcade Fire's Win Butler (as DJ Windows 98) and Will Butler (doing separate sets), Vince Staples, Migos, Hundred Waters, Waxahatchee, Alvvays, Twerps, Untold, Makthaverskan, and Bully. Stay tuned for more video.


Futurama is as unabashedly nerdy of a show as there has ever been on television. From its glorious tributes to sci-fi of the past, to its well-documented usage of math and science, Futurama has always waved the geek flag proudly. Today, we're paying tribute that part of the show's spirit. That's right, it's the five nerdiest Futurama episodes ever made!
I'll say from the top that this is a bit of outlier compared to the other episodes you'll see on this list. Those episodes have far more focus on math and science than this one does, but still, a ranking of the nerdiest Futurama episodes could hardly exclude the greatest Star Trek homage ever done. We get Leela and Captain Kirk doing battle ("We're just pawns in Melvar's diabolical game of checkers."), the legendary Fan Dance, and Melvar's gloriously terrible fanfic ("Alas, my ship, whom I love like a woman is…disabled.") And let's be honest, if you're reading this list, you've probably got more than a little Melvar in you.
This episode aired towards the end of the third season, and was one of Futurama's earliest forays into the realm of science geekery (as you'll see later in this list, it was far more common during the Comedy Central years). The story centers around the Professor's quest to create a basketball team of atomic superman to defeat the Harlem Globetrotters. But the chronitons he collects in order to accelerate their growth end up causing the universe to skip forward in time. Naturally, it's up the Professor and the Globetrotters to set things right. This one is known for its terribly sad ending, but it was also one of the first times Futurama truly embraced the science aspect of science fiction.
This episode is about as unabashedly educational as any sitcom episode has ever been. Essentially, it's a nature show, but with the Futurama characters acting as the animals in each story. A bold experiment like this could have failed miserably, but it succeeds mainly by playing into the characters personalities so well. Bender as a dominating Beachmaster walrus who keeps all the girls for himself just makes sense, as does Fry The Salmon's quest to swim up stream and steal Leela away from Zapp. Finally, the Professor as a Tortoise who spends his life trying to win Mom back works as well, especially because of his traveling companions ("I'm not Fry, I'm his great-great-great-great grandson, Fry."). By using familiar plotlines and emotions, the writers were impressively able to make a nature show feel exactly like a Futurama episode.
This episode presents a deeply frightening universe in which clones of Bender are roaming the galaxy. The initial effect of this is that the world's supply of alcohol is drained due to the Benders need to drink all the time. This is eventually reversed when they turn all of the world's water supply into alcohol. But what makes this episode a nerd's dream come true is its usage of math to drive the plot. The Benders are such a problem because they can replicate endlessly. Why? Because the equation that represents their growth is (gasp) non-convergent! The equation is given as 2^1+2^2+2^3+2^4+2^5+2^6+2^7+2^8+2^9+2^10=2046, with the original Bender acting as 2^0. Eventually, the Benders are destroyed, but not before they eliminate a pizza-faced alien played by Patton Oswalt. This episode gives us the fun of billions of Benders, while also acting as a tribute to the writers' love of math.
This was the only logical choice to top this list. Sure, plenty of Futurama episodes have had geeky themes, but this one had its own mathematical theorem! The Futurama theorem states that no matter how many body switches have taken place (and this episode features many, many body switches), they can all be reverted back to normal using only two extra bodies. It is, to date, the only theorem created simply for an entertainment program, and according to writer Ken Keeler, who holds a PhD in mathematics, the episode was intended to create more interest in math among young people. As a mediocre math student who has always loved Futurama, I can happily say it was quite effective.


Check out webcams before you visit!
Park is open from sunrise to 11 p.m.
Rhodes Skate Park is a 1.28-acre special use park located in west downtown near the Linen District. Local youth helped design the park, which features inline skating and skateboarding.
The parkour amenity is now open at the park. Learn more about them and why We Should Be Building More Parkour Parks: Outdoor Magazine.
Glenn Rhodes came up with the idea for a multiple-use skatepark after hearing about business owners running off skateboarders from downtown areas. He talked to his neighbor, 16-year-old Tim Shandro, who took him to skate spots and showed him what skateboarders like. And he talked to other kids, who told him "there was no place to skate."
In 1992, Rhodes, a former Ada County Highway commissioner, persuaded the county and the city to designate a site for kids to recreate. The 1.28 park site is located between 15th and 16th streets under the I-184 connector.
Rhodes donated his time to frame the site, pour concrete, install fencing and coordinate all other construction five days a week over a two-year period.
Named for Glenn Rhodes, Rhodes Park was dedicated in December 1995. Valued at $465,000, the park is a tribute to a man who prizes both youth and recreational opportunities.He persuaded over 130 contractors, individuals, civic groups and businesses to help him build a park for Boise's youth. Rhodes also raised $35,000 in cash contributions and built the rest of the park with donations of labor and materials. The City of Boise provided staff, inspection services and an additional $50,000.
"Glenn's enthusiasm for giving kids a place of their own has made a difference," says Charlie Ware of the Associated General Contractors. "It was his vision, his perseverance and hard work that made this park a reality."Despite the many challenges of raising funds and finding volunteers, Rhodes remained focused on the park. When asked how he kept the project alive, he said. "Sometimes you get involved and there's no stopping until you're done."


My name is Kristen and I am a survivor of domestic violence. I recently graduated with my master's degree in neuroscience. However, over the last year my passion has shifted to domestic violence advocacy. I have started a blog #Speak (https://speak766.wordpress.com/) where I discuss my story and issues facing survivors of relationship abuse. I also use Twitter (@speak766) to promote my blog and connect with other survivors and advocates. I hope that by sharing my story and talking about these issues I can help other survivors to speak out. There is still so much silence and shame surrounding domestic violence and abuse, which perpetuates the cycle and allows these crimes to continue. My goal is to help break the silence that surrounds domestic violence and abuse, one voice at a time.
My story began much like any other. I fell for a charming and charismatic man. We were both in the same neuroscience graduate program. Everything seemed so perfect in the beginning. We spent all of our time together; he would surprise me in the lab when I was working in the cell culture hood, help me freeze down my cells in the liquid nitrogen tank, and hold me in his arms and say over and over how unbelievably happy he was with me. However, over time, things started to change. He became possessive and controlling, telling me what to wear, and who I could talk to. He even forbid me from wearing my favorite color, pink (which is now the background color of my blog). Then one night, he got very drunk and became physically aggressive with me. I will never forget the terror I felt that night – him pushing me and shoving me, trying to hit me with his belt, his roommate tackling him to protect me. But what I remember more than anything is how dark his eyes became – they transformed from a light hazel color to pitch black. Those black eyes and the fear they inspired will be ingrained in my memory forever. Because as ignorant as it may sound, I never thought I could be scared of a man. I never thought a man, one I loved no less, could try to hurt me.
After that night, things continued to go downhill. He was threatening me all the time, telling me I was incompetent, everything I did and said was wrong; everything I wore was either too revealing or not fashionable (even though he was color blind and admitted he had a terrible sense of style). He started grabbing me and touching me when I didn't want him to, but when I told him No he would threaten to break up with me, or worse, get angry. I remember sitting in my car for 20 minutes every time I went to see him and praying that he wouldn't explode into one of his fits of rage. Finally, I got to a point where I just couldn't take it any more, when the dread of staying with him finally started to outweigh the fear of losing him. On August 9th, 2016, I told him that I didn't need this any more. He became angry, furious, the black eyes returned and soon the cops were there as well. I did not want to press charges at the time. However, the cops told him to stay far away from me. He did the exact opposite.
He harassed and stalked me at work for months after we broke up. Unfortunately, our labs were in the same building so this made it quite easy for him, and quite terrifying for me. I learned every secret entrance, elevator, and stairwell in the building to minimize chances of seeing him. I did not confide in anyone in the program or my lab about what had happened. In an academic setting, things can get very complicated very quickly. I was scared that no one would believe me, or worse, that I would be retaliated against for telling the truth. After about 6 months, he finally stopped. That's when my healing journey truly began.
My healing journey has been a lot of ups and downs. One of the hardest things to accept was that this happened to me. As vain as it may sound, I thought I was too smart to fall for a man like this. And I never thought that a man like this would come in the form of a neuroscience MD/PhD student. But as I have learned, abuse does not discriminate. Anyone can be a different person behind closed doors, no matter what their profession is or how charming they may seem in front of others. And that is why for the most part, I stayed silent. I was left with that unrelenting fear that no one would ever believe me.
However, I slowly started to confide in more and more friends. It was difficult and sometimes downright terrifying, not knowing if they would believe my story. Each person I told represented a risk to me. And unfortunately, not everyone did believe me. But for the most part, I received an overwhelming amount of support from people, and found new friends in unexpected places.
I think that the biggest part of my healing journey has been sharing my story. With every person I tell I get a tiny piece of justice. There is one more person out there who knows the truth. One of the things I have learned through all of this is that silence is suffocating. Speaking up is hard, that's for sure. But staying silent isn't much easier. It is the power of words, connection, and sharing my truth that has helped me heal.
And as I have started to speak up, I have learned just how many women have stories of their own. And like me, most of them have stayed silent. I was heartbroken that there were so many women out there who felt like they couldn't share their story. So I decided I wanted to change things. I started writing a blog and connecting with other survivors, hoping that by writing about my experiences I would encourage others to speak up as well. I attended the annual National Coalition Against Domestic Violence (NCADV) conference, where I met dozens of other brave survivors and lobbied on Capitol Hill for bills that would support survivors, and I have started to get involved in my community. I am more determined than ever to help shatter the silence that surrounds domestic violence and perpetuates this cycle of abuse. Perhaps the one positive out of all of this is I have found what I really love and what gives me meaning. And that has made all the difference.
I know you are studying hard, learning about synaptic transmission, neurotransmitter release, and dendrite branching. You have big goals and you think you have every step of your life planned out. However, it's true what they say – that things don't always work out the way you plan. But I am here to tell you that this is okay. Learn to rise above the challenges that come your way, even if they're not fair and not what you expected. Never settle for less than you are worth or stay with someone who continually tears you down. Sometimes, the harder thing to do is to walk away. But you are stronger than you realize and you can survive all of the obstacles life will throw at you. It will take time, but you will come to see that you are beautiful and you are more than enough. At the same time, don't be afraid to ask for help along your journey. It is not a sign of weakness, but one of strength. Find people who love you for who you are, lean on them for support, and be there for them too.
And when you are ready, speak up and share your story. Go out of your comfort zone and take risks. Do the things that may seem scary or impossible. It will not be easy. Not everyone will believe you or support you. But it will be worth it. And always remember that you are not alone. Survivors are everywhere. We all have a story to tell. So dig deep within yourself and find your voice. And when you do, don't ever let it go.
Thank you for sharing your story, Kristen.


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Vinland Saga Manga Online
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Vinland Saga, Chapter 1
Vinland Saga, Chapter 54
Vinland Saga (Japanese: ヴィンランド・サガ Hepburn: Vinrando Saga) is a Japanese historical manga series written and drawn by manga author Makoto Yukimura. The series is published by Kodansha.
As a child, Thorfinn sat at the feet of the great Leif Ericson and thrilled to wild tales of a land far to the west. But his youthful fantasies were shattered by a mercenary raid. Raised by the Vikings who murdered his family, Thorfinn became a terrifying warrior, forever seeking to kill the band's leader, Askeladd, and avenge his father. Sustaining Throfinn through his ordeal are his pride in his family and his dreams of a fertile westward land, a land without war or slavery…the land Leif called "Vinland".
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FOR HONOR AND VENGEANCE
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Parc y Brenin is ideal for a romantic break, and one of only a few remaining real traditional Welsh cottages in Wales. You will be charmed upon entering the cottage, which has been renovated to a very high standard, but has not lost its quaintness.
The accommodation is on two floors. On entering the cottage you have a beamed hall way, with painted panelled walls, giving you a sense of warmth, in your first steps into the cottage. You will find a gallery kitchen and bathroom, fitted with electrical appliances and a fully equipped kitchen for all you culinary needs. From the kitchen you have access through to the bathroom. The dining room has an oak table and chairs with a fully stocked bookshelf. The lounge is very cosy and comfortably furnished. The main feature being an inglenook fireplace with a wood burning stove, which lends itself to romantic evenings in with a chilled glass of wine whilst being warmed by the fire. Upstairs you will find two a-framed beamed bedrooms. One double bed in one room, leading directly into two single beds in the second.
The cottage has its own beautiful enclosed garden full of flowers. There is seating at the front of the cottage to enjoy the garden at you leisure.
On arrival a tea tray will await you and a log burning stove ready to light with a basket full of logs.
Set in the heart of an idyllic rural setting of the Towy valley, Parc y Brenin is an ideal place to holiday whatever your interests. The market town of Llandeilo, which is about 5 miles away, is the reputed 'slow food' capital of Wales, a traditional pretty market town with narrow streets and historic buildings, quaint tearooms, art galleries, a good selection of individually owned boutiques eateries, crafts and antique shops. 'Y Polyn' is the AA restaurant of the year for Wales 2009-2010, and is only a 15 min drive away, and has two AA rosettes and an Egon Ronay Star and Wrights Food Emporium 10 mins drive away.
Carmarthen, about 6 miles away, is thought to be the oldest town in Wales and the birthplace of Merlin of Arthurian legend. It has a large market specializing in selling fresh local produce and the usual supermarkets. Many of its smaller shops specialise in quality goods.
Go to Carmarthen or Llandeilo on market day and hear Welsh spoken in the streets and shops. Visit Aberglasney Gardens (the garden lost in time) and the National Botanic Garden of Wales with its Great Glasshouse or just marvel at the beauty of the scenery. The Towy valley has castles, gardens, wildlife, small towns and beautiful scenery but is also within easy reach of the breath-taking scenery of the Brecon Beacons National Park, the beaches of Pembrokeshire and the Gower Peninsula.
Walking, mountain biking, horse riding, golfing, quad biking, sea and river fishing, bird and wildlife watching to name but a few, and not to forget - relaxing. The River Towy is an especially superb location for fishing and bird watching. Brechfa forest, renowned for its mountain biking and walking, is located 20 mins from the cottage.
We are close proximity to the Gardens of Aberglasney, The National Botanic Gardens, Dryslwyn Castle, Paxton Tower and Dinefwr Park with it's Castle and Newton House located in it's grounds (National Trust).
There are also numerous castles to visit within a short distance including Carreg Cennon, dramatically perched on a craggy hilltop with spectacular views towards the Black Mountain, Llanstephan and Talley Abbey.
We are located within easy driving distance of the spectacular heritage coastline and beaches of Carmarthenshire and Pembrokeshire, which even in summer are little populated.
The mountains can be seen from around the house and offer spectacular walking and scenic drives. About 45 minutes away is the Lynn Brianne Dam, with its pine forests and lakes. The Brecon Beacons are about an hour away where you will also find the magnificent Welsh Show Caves.
There are three award winning caves including the magnificent Cathedral Cave with its lake and two cascading waterfalls. Within the complex you can enjoy one of the world's largest dinosaur parks and an Iron Age Farm, which also houses shire horses among its other animals. There is also a mountain railway, driven by steam locomotives, which weaves its way across the mountains and valleys. Other railway journeys are also on offer and all give the opportunity to enjoy the dramatic scenery.
The Roman Goldmines - these are owned by the National Trust and are well worth a visit. Here you can try your hand at gold panning, enjoy a guided tour of the mines or treat yourself to a piece of beautiful Welsh gold jewellery. Distance from the house is approximately 15 miles.


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Two Reuters Reporters Have Now Spent 100 Days Behind Bars in Myanmar for Exposing a Massacre
Detained Reuters journalists Kyaw Soe Oo and Wa Lone talk to the media as they are taken from court in Yangon, Myanmar on Feb. 14, 2018.
Ye Aung Thu—AFP/Getty Images
By Eli Meixler
Updated: March 22, 2018 2:59 AM ET | Originally published: March 21, 2018 7:18 AM EDT
Wa Lone and Kyaw Soe Oo would normally spend their days chasing sources and writing stories. But on Wednesday, after a full 100 days in jail, the two Reuters reporters spent their hours in a dusty Myanmar courthouse, where they could face up to 14 years in prison if convicted of possessing secret government documents.
Reuters has said the pair's arrest was related to their most recent investigative project: a groundbreaking report detailing the deaths of 10 Rohingya Muslims found in a mass grave in the country's west, where the military has been accused of a campaign of ethnic cleansing against the persecuted minority.
"Wa Lone and Kyaw Soe Oo are exemplary individuals and outstanding reporters who are dedicated to their families and their craft," Stephen J. Adler, President and Editor-in-Chief of Reuters, said in a statement Wednesday. "They should be in the newsroom, not in prison."
The pair were apprehended in Yangon on Dec. 12, after accepting an invitation to meet two police officers over dinner. They were reportedly handed documents believed to be related to security operations in Rakhine state, where an estimated 671,000 have fled across the border into Bangladesh since August last year. The Myanmar military has been accused of rape, extrajudicial killings and arson of villages. The U.N. rights envoy to Myanmar said the violence bears "the hallmarks of genocide."
Almost immediately after being handed the documents, the pair told relatives, they were taken into custody. An official with the ruling party has suggested they may have been entrapped, and the case against them has been mired with inconsistencies. Their arrest has been widely condemned by human rights groups, press freedom advocates and senior diplomatic figures, including U.N. Secretary General Antonio Guterres and Bill Clinton. In a March 21 statement, the Danish Embassy in Yangon said the reporters "should be thanked and not punished, nor should they be subject to a dragged out trial."
"There is little hope the case will be judged fairly," says Shawn Crispin, the Committee to Project Journalists' Southeast Asia representative, describing the trial as "farcical" in an email to TIME. "It seems more likely authorities aim to use the case to send a message to all media that if we are willing to take Reuters down then nobody is safe if they report critically on the Rohingya story."
Last month, Wa Lone and Kyaw Soe Oo were honored with the National Press Club 's 2018 Aubuchon Press Freedom Award, which recognizes journalists who "embody the struggle to advance press freedom and open government." In early March, they received Reuters' prestigious Baron Award. Despite the accolades, Myanmar authorities have kept them detained for months, sending a chilling message to other journalists in the Southeast Asian nation, which was ruled by the military until 2016.
Read more: Journalists Fear the End of Press Freedom in Myanmar
"These arrests send a clear message to journalists across Myanmar, especially those working on sensitive issues, that the government can and will still arrest you at any time," Human Rights Watch Asia researcher Richard Weir told TIME in an email. "There have been numerous cases in which journalists have been arrested, charged, and imprisoned under a raft of obscure or easily contorted legal instruments, all having the effect of tightening the noose on the press and free speech more broadly."
Wa Lone and Kyaw Soe Oo, however, appear undeterred. "The government can arrest us like this, waste our time in the court for many days and stop us from being able to write news," Wa Lone told reporters after a hearing on March 7. "But…they can never hide the truth. We, journalists, will find the truth."
Write to Eli Meixler at eli.meixler@time.com.
Myanmar's Military May Be Committing War Crimes: U.N. Expert


Karin Clog-Sandals - Olive - Women's - Karin is a classic Swedish clog style with two straps over the instep. The clogs are made on Troentorp's Original Sole Collection.
Classic Swedish clog sandal design in a soft olive tone leather with a natural texture and finish. The model has two simple straps over the instep. The olive leather upper has leather lining for an extra soft feel. The uppers are wet lasted and nailed onto our original wooden soles.