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Tom the Builder
Sure, Jefferson had the big idea for the University, but he also sweated the small stuff, brick by brick.
by Travis McDonald
Timothy Cook Illustration
We think of Thomas Jefferson as the Academical Village's architect and great visionary. What gets overlooked is his other founding role, one less glamorous yet no less important: Jefferson as construction manager. Along the way to reinventing higher education, Jefferson also undertook the monumental task of supervising one of the country's largest construction projects for more than seven years.
So, while we tend to focus on the influence of Italian Renaissance architect Andrea Palladio on Jefferson's aesthetic sensibilities, we also need to pay tribute to first century architect-engineer Vitruvius. From Vitruvius' writings Jefferson learned, as had Palladio before him, that architects can't just learn the lessons of design; they must also study how buildings are actually constructed.
Jefferson had done that his entire adult life. He designed and supervised his first project, Monticello, while still in his 20s, and then proceeded to study building practices wherever he went. Returning from France in the 1790s, he undertook the second Monticello, rebuilding and nearly doubling the size of his mountaintop home. While U.S. president, he was intimately involved in the construction of the White House, U.S. Capitol and other public buildings. It was also in those years that he began construction of Poplar Forest, his octagonal dream house 70 mountainous miles southwest of Charlottesville. Jefferson's lifelong compilation of his building notebooks clearly show the education and mind of a builder.
So it was that by the start of construction on the University in 1817, Jefferson was an experienced builder. The bricklayer Hugh Chisholm was one of the first workers hired to begin construction of Pavilion VII, whose cornerstone would be laid Oct. 6. Writing from Poplar Forest to Chisholm in Charlottesville on Aug. 31, Jefferson sounds like a general contractor coordinating his subcontractors: "[I] am glad to learn that the bricks are in such forwardness. I wish you would by every week's mail drop a line stating what the progress then is. I am anxious to know that the cellars are dug, and their walls commenced laying. But be careful to inform me in time and exactly by what day you will have got the walls up to the surface of the earth; because there [Mr.] Knight must begin, and by that day I will make it a point to be in Albemarle, and have him there."
"I consider it as the interest of the College the town and neighborhood to introduce a reform of the barbarous workmanship hitherto practiced there, and to raise us to a level with the rest of the country."
—Jefferson's letter to his UVA brick mason, August 1817
You see Jefferson the builder in the obsessive detail that fills thousands of pages in the University construction records, heroically summarized in Frank Grizzard's (Grad '89, '96) Ph.D. dissertation "Documentary History of the Construction of the Buildings at the University of Virginia, 1817-1828." The copious numbers show Jefferson envisioning each building in three dimensions, with quantities of bricks and lumber and calculations for the labor it took to put the many elements together.
As a construction supervisor, Jefferson was uncompromising in his expectations. "[T]o have the work done in the best manner, is the first object," his instructions to the brick mason Chisholm continue. "I consider it as the interest of the College the town and neighborhood to introduce a reform of the barbarous workmanship hitherto practiced there, and to raise us to a level with the rest of the country." The statement about "barbarous workmanship" shows Jefferson's lifelong quest for innovative and quality construction practices essential for creating a long-lasting architectural heritage.
Jefferson published detailed specifications and quality standards in newspapers as he searched and recruited along the East Coast for the best workers. He set a high bar and insisted that his principal workers know the classical rules of architecture and "execute with exactness" even their own drawings. Over his lifetime, Jefferson invested time in finding and educating his hired workers, saying: "Of one truth I have had great experience that ignorant workmen are always dearest," using "dearest" here in the sense of costliest.
Also in the summer of 1817, Jefferson wrote to John Perry, the builder who had not only sold the land for the University, but eventually got the lion's share of the construction work. Having used Perry at Monticello and Poplar Forest, Jefferson warned him, "[W]e all know that your skill does not go either to the execution of the work yourself properly, or to the knowing when it is properly executed … and constant inspection of a competent eye is necessary."
Like most building contractors of the time, Perry deferred to the superior skill of his enslaved workers, in Perry's case 27 of them. Two of Jefferson's most competent tradesmen, John Neilson and James Dinsmore, did execute finished wood elements themselves but also used enslaved workers, as did most of the principal builders working on the University.
Whether a contractor owned, rented or leased enslaved workers, the practice of using slaves was ubiquitous. As John Neilson remarked about University work in 1823: "[O]ur workmen are nearly all Africans. Peck employs four of the Proctor's carpenters; his old man Sam is an appendage to the university being a master of all Arts, at one time a carpenter then tin man next painter."
With the drive for perfection came impracticality. Jefferson could be blind to the realities of some of his own idealistic inventions, like a hidden "terras" roof design that allowed for a flat deck above the student rooms, or the use of an innovative tin shingle roof covering that leaked. Jefferson was never good at explaining his vision, for instance why some of the column capitals had to be carved in Italy; he just relied on friends like James Madison who argued for the increasingly higher state funds.
Even so, Jefferson could be shrewdly pragmatic when it came to the politics of his projects. With each passing year, Jefferson refused to allow the University to open early, lest his funding dry up before all the buildings were completed. He insisted on waiting until 1825, when the Rotunda was well underway.
Jefferson referred to his university as "the last of my mortal cares, and the last service I can render my country." He had put all his remaining energy into construction details large and small. He told a friend, "The little of the powers of life which remains to me, I consecrate to our University."
He played the part of construction foreman to the end. The month before his July 4, 1826, death, he corresponded with his grandson in Boston about the proper water pipes for the University. On the day he died, University bursar Alexander Garrett was on hand at Monticello to discuss University business.
Jefferson confided to a friend the year before he died: "I am closing the last scenes of my life by fashioning and fostering an establishment for the instruction of those who are to come after us. I hope its influence on their virtue, freedom, fame, and happiness will be salutary and permanent." The historical record can only begin to capture the years and labors Jefferson spent to get his big academic idea built to last.
Travis McDonald (Arch '80) is the director of architectural restoration at Thomas Jefferson's Poplar Forest and a member of the University's Historic Preservation Advisory Committee.
Spring 2018 / Retrospect
The University, Grounds & the Physical Plant, Mr. Jefferson
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UVA adds enrollment VP, recruits for other top posts
Emmet-Ivy corridor takes shape
UVA pushes back spring start to Feb. 1: Second semester same as the first under updated COVID plan
Tim Slater on 05/17/2018
Please, in future writing, include more about the "ubiquitous" enslaved construction workers. It's a well-worn, self-serving trope, familiar to all Virginians, that the founding fathers are undeserving of the judgement that falls on subsequent generations.
"Whether a contractor owned, rented or leased enslaved workers, the practice of using slaves was ubiquitous," Yet you also note that he scoured the country for skilled workers and even had specific elements outsourced to foreign countries at a time when this would have been exorbitantly expensive. Yet enslaved workers. You could argue that Jefferson's state of mind mirrored other southern aristocrats of the era, but stop saying "ubiquitous," and donat pretend that enslaved construction workers were happily collaborating with their overseers on a grand project for the betterment of their society.
"Like most building contractors of the time, Perry deferred to the superior skill of his enslaved workers, in Perry's case 27 of them." - It's a nice scene, painted as a collaboration between an experienced contractor and skilled workers. But Perry had an owner/GC who helped to create the country, is former president and current slave owner, and whose emphasis on budget and schedule is the basis of this article. A modern-day contractor is only so nice to his workers and ultimately workers who don't keep up the pace. When the crunch is on, I guarantee Perry was not any more congenial with workers whose lives he doesn't own. This is all the more possible if Perry was out of his element, as Jefferson noted, and got a kickback as part of the sale of the land.
As an architect, I see in your article an equally compelling, entirely plausible narrative of a politically powerful southern white suprematist who was equal parts micro-manager, visionary leader, and poor financial planner, and his unskilled construction manager, frustrated with constant intervention and his own ineptitude, and the workers - enslaved and overseers - wrapped up in the chaos. Sounds like absolute misery.
UVA welcomes the Class of 2024
A resilient new class of Wahoos, by the numbers.
Fire ants lead to fewer ticks, meat allergies but bring own risk
Fire ants may limit the spread of the Lonestar tick—and the meat allergy it causes—but not without its own dangers.


The GM tray drying line is extremely versatile and responds perfectly to the drying requirements of specialty shapes such as nests, lasagna, cannelloni and jumbo shells. The constructive and technological characteristics of this line allow to obtain ideal drying diagrams for each and every raw material used.
It is combined with a press, which has a dough mixing system that can be one of the following: Total Vacuum, Stabilization Belt or Traditional Mixer, or a dough-sheeter for producing laminated pasta. The forming head section is dimensioned based on the specialty product required.
The pasta is placed on trays of various sizes depending on the production capacity of the line. The original shape of the pasta extruded in the forming phase is maintained throughout the process. An important innovation was made in the initial predrying phase where the pasta is exposed to high temperature treatment with a highly efficient ventilation system.
After the traditional vertical column predrying phase, an improved mechanical design and upgraded ventilation system optimized over time, the trays enter the multi-tier dryer, longitudinally developed, that provides a particularly extensive surface area.
No other dryer of similar dimensions can provide as much useful surface area on which even extremely lightweight pasta shapes can be processed.
The uniformity of the heat treatment is ensured by the fact that all trays transit through the same ventilation points.
The final part of the drying cycle is dedicated to stabilization. At the outlet of the dryer, the product is cooled in high performing cooling modules equipped with cold water coils.
In order to satisfy current packaging necessities, the line features two combined tray storage systems, which store full and empty trays alternately, to cope with possible operational downtimes in the packaging machines.
The above solution renders the packaging lines independent from the production cycle, thus optimizing the packaging phase.
Full trays can be emptied in bulk or can be packaged; in the latter case, the tray is automatically conveyed to the relevant packaging system.


Turkish subsidiary of Azerbaijan's state oil company SOCAR has completed the integration of STAR refinery and Petkim petrochemical complex, SOCAR Turkey Energy said.
"By selling 1.303 tons of naphtha produced at STAR refinery to Petkim, SOCAR Turkey Energy completed the integration of the refinery and the petrochemical complex. This sale has been an important step towards the integration," said the company.
SOCAR is represented in Turkey by its subsidiary SOCAR Turkey Energy. So far, SOCAR Turkey Energy has invested over $14 billion in the Turkish economy. Meanwhile, 5,000 people work in the company, while the annual export potential reaches $3 billion. Among SOCAR's current assets in Turkey are the Petkim petrochemical complex, the STAR refinery and the Petlim port.


Taariyen tun taarann | Ismaili.NET - Heritage F.I.E.L.D.
O God, save us because only You are the saviour. Nobody else besides You can save, O Ali! only You are.
In a moment You created the sun and the solar system. There is no more void or darkness, O Ali! only You are.
In a moment You made the universe and the suns.
Whose mother and whose father?
Whose daughter and whose son?
The Lord of the truthful is able Master.
O Lord! Thou art the Saviour.


Ashida Mana-ちゃん is the sweetest, cutest 8-year old girl. She has starred in TV shows, movies, and music videos in Japan. Little girls love her, including my daughter. Learning the lyrics to her songs might be one way to build Japanese fluency :).
And of course, the most famous "Maru Maru Mori Mori" song (click to view). Do your kids listen to any Japanese singers? Who do you recommend?
We love Ashida Mana-chan's music here too! Do you know if she's in any child appropriate dramas/movies?


Robert J. Redinger, age 89, of Hendersonville, NC died after a brief illness late Friday afternoon, March 15, 2019.
Mr. Redinger was born on Thursday, April 25, 1929 in Chicago, IL to the late Henry Andrew and Dorothea (Seng) Redinger. In March of 1951 in Gastonia, NC, he married the love of his life of 49 years, the former Jeanette Scoggins, who died August 21, 2000. In 2001, he married his second wife of 17 years, the former Jean Buie of Wilmington, NC. Mr. Redinger proudly served his country as a Boilerman Petty Officer 3rd class in the United States Navy. After being honorably discharged, he came home and became a supervisor for Bell South for 35 years and was a faithful member of his church, Mud Creek Baptist Church of Hendersonville.
He leaves behind to cherish his memory his sons, Scott A. Redinger and his wife, Donna of Fletcher and Jeffrey D. Redinger and his wife, Mitzi of Asheville. Also surviving is a brother, Wally Redinger and his wife, Marilyn of Maddock, ND; four grandchildren, Ellen Barrow and her husband, Kenny, Rev. Nathan Redinger and his wife, Allison, Weslee Redinger and his wife, Kaylin and Rachel Redinger; and six great-grandchildren, Drew, Jacob, Jesse, Blake, Avery and Piper.
In addition to his parents and his first wife he is preceded in death by six siblings.
Funeral services will be 2 o'clock Monday afternoon, March 18, 2019 in Mud Creek Baptist Church, 403 Rutledge Drive, Hendersonville, NC 28739 with Rev. Barry Hollingsworth and with Mr. Redinger's grandson, the Rev. Nathan Redinger officiating. The family will receive guests in the church on Monday afternoon from 1:00 to 1:45 pm prior to the service. Committal services will be held on Wednesday, March 20, 2019 at Oleander Memorial Gardens, 306 Bradley Drive, Wilmington, NC 28409.
Memorial contributions may be offered on behalf of Mr. Redinger's grandson's church, Rev. Nathan Redinger to Life Point Community Church, 6800 Dwight Rowland Road, Willow Spring, NC 27592.
Bob will be deeply missed by his loving family and many friends.
Arrangements are in the care of Forest Lawn Funeral Home of Hendersonville, NC. Online condolences may be shared at www.forestlawnhendersonville.com.
My brother and friend,You are now home with your three other brothers. I hope to with you guys some day soon. Meanwhile, l've got lots of great memories to reflect upon from our Chicago and Lakewood days. Love you and miss you brother.
We will always cherish our friendship and all the fun and good times we had with Bob and Jean and our group of friends. Bob was such a joy to be around. We miss you and love you.


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Top 7 - Best PS4 Car Games
Burnout Paradise Remastered
Wreckfest
Spanning from childhood dreams and passions to the love of man-made horsepower, there is almost nothing more exhilarating than being behind the wheels of a vehicle raging down a road at unreasonable speeds. The recent years involving the industry of game development has given birth to some of the most amazing titles that will allow you to experience the thrill of racing first hand. In this article, we will be looking at the best Car games to brace the PS4 platform; from its gameplay, unique touches to its online compatibility, everything will be taken to account.
One of the oldest reigning titles that existed since the initial release of the original PlayStation, Gran Turismo stands as the definition of Racing for the PlayStation console. The latest release, Gran Turismo Sport is no different from its predecessors as it boasts an overabundance of awesomeness. The flagship title offers its players everything they require from a racing simulator.
The graphics, one of the first things players like to focus on, and here it something you do not have to worry with, as Gran Turismo Sport does not disappoint. The game boasts 60 Frames per second on its gameplay and supports 4k resolution, which is all the hype these days. The result is a stunning mix of smoothness and intricate gameplay that is a pleasure to witness. The game has a huge library of cars to pick from unlike most of its competing titles. Over 150 cars are available for the user to select from and a total of 18 different locations with 54 layouts to race those beauties. The cars are built with such complex detailing making it feel, look, race and sound just like the real thing.
One of the most astounding features is the game's driving assist. The driving assist is quite different from what you experience in the NFS series, Gran Turismo allows its players to tune the gameplay to match their expertise; from steering, throttle control, brakes to stability control, players can decide what the AI controls and what they are in control of.
From its photography mode that allows users to take snaps of the gorgeous vehicles that have been customised to the brim to its VR compatibility, Gran Turismo tops the list as the epitome of a great racing game.
Projects Cars 2 is the next in line alternative to Gran Turismo Sport. The game lives and breathes the word '' variety''. The must-have game for racing fans consists of a wide range of plus points that define its core. Firstly it has over 140 tracks existing in 60 different locations in the world; it is that huge! Now you do not have to stick to the same old windy road which you can picture in your sleep to the last gravel, Project Cars 2 paves the way for a whole load of versatility and options buffing up the enjoyability factor.
Project Cars 2 has all 4 seasons in its system for the player to experience, and its environment goes far beyond a simple weather system; from the ability to factor in track temperature, track gradients, location, wind speed and direction to the height of sea level, all these constituents play a decisive role in the gameplay by adding up.
Vehicles in Project Cars 2 aren't that different, although they may not be as polished as the ones in Gran Turismo Sport, the sheer variety varying from supercars, hypercars, go-karts to racecars from rally series, give players overabundance of variety. The game has over 189 licensed vehicles all ready to burn up on the tracks.
Esports plays a large role in the popularity of Project Cars 2. If you are an esports fanatic, you may want to pick this title over the Gran Turismo as the game has a massive esports system. From weekly ESL cups to the SMS-R World Championship, Project Cars 2 has an active community that will make it that much more fun if you are the type of person who's into it. The game is said to have a healthy matchmaking system as well, thereby preventing you from having those hair-tearing out moments after being matched against someone totally out of your league before you get to grips with the game.
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The infamous Formula 1 series, no racing series would be a true compilation of racing titles without it, F1 2019 is the official video game of the 2019 FIA Formula One World Championship. Formula 1 is the dream of any racer, child or adult there's nothing you wouldn't give to be behind those wheels backed by your own with the whole world watching as you complete lap by lap paving your way to greatness. The game features all the drivers and teams that took part in the series and 21 circuits from the 2019 season. The 2019 title also shows the addition of F2 which allows players to complete the 2018 season before they hop into the F1 championship.
There are 18 cars that make their way to the F1 2019 and players also have the option of purchasing the "Legends Edition" which unlocks 4 vintage models, namely the 2010 McLaren MP4-25, 2010 Ferrari F10, 1990 McLaren MP4/5B, and 1990 Ferrari F1-90.
F1 2019 has a social share option, which makes the whole thing that much more enjoyable as you are now able to share your best gaming moments, both live and captured, to your friends in an instant.
The multiplayer mode has a brand new feature in the F1 2019 release, it is called the League. League's allow you to create your own tournaments and compete in weekly challenges. The game closely follows the esports scene and has a dedicated esports arena as well.
The 2020 version will hit the stores later this year, so if you want to see some F1 action this is the go-to game for you.
What about players that like racing in the open wild? Not confined to the borders of a typical stadium. For racers that are searching for the thrill of offroad driving Gravel is your go-to game. Developed by Milestone, the game is quite different from a typical racer due to its extreme elements. The game was designed to create the ultimate offroad driving experience. There are 4 different disciples players can enjoy in this game: Cross Country, Wild Rush, Speed Cross, and Stadium Circuit. The track locations span from Europe to America in Speed Cross, whereas the stadium circuits are comprised of both real-world and fictional arenas which you can utilise to carry out those mind-blowing stunts. Cross Country is all about the outdoors providing the player with variable lush environments to carry out checkpoint based races and finally, the Wild Rush is the same thing except there are laps to complete.
If you like racing against nature where your obstacles would be nature itself as it tests your ability to manoeuvre your vehicle through various terrains ranging from mountain slopes, tropical islands to rock quarries, this might just be the game for you.
Everyone remembers the legendary Burnout Paradise from 2008; it was a defining title for most gamers as they witnessed one of the greatest car games to ever brace the world of racing. Burnout Paradise Remastered is EA's attempt to revive the once-popular game, and you have to give credit to them as they have done an amazing job.
Burnout Paradise is unlike most games on this list as it takes away the realistic factor in a racing game and replaces it with dangerous driving, unreal stunts and absolute mayhem and destruction. The game can be played on the PS4 at 1080p resolution, and if by chance you have a PS4 Pro you can experience the full 4k 60 FPS experience.
The game supports over 150 different vehicles that can be trashed to your heart's content on both the multiplayer and online! The online game modes support up to 8 players at a time, letting your whole squad rollup for a ride. Although it is the same plot based in Paradise City, there is something in it that absolutely captivates the player as you experience the title with cleaner graphics and better-defined gameplay. This makes the game a must-have if you were a fan of the original game or if you just want a break from reality and want to blow up some cars.
No list that involves car games will ever be complete without a Need for Speed title in it. Developed by EA games, Need for Speed Heat takes place in the fictional Palm city and takes the usual progressive story-driven gameplay. Palm City is made to represent Miami, Florida and has noticeable similarities.
The game takes on the true NFS theme and playstyle with the player required to tussle around with the law as they pit their luck against racers. Sanctioned races take play during the day and unsanctioned street races at night (it would not be Need for speed without some illegal street racing). With over 125 vehicles from 33 automakers available for the player to pick from, including the Ferrari series that was suspiciously missing in Need for Speed Payback the new Need for Speed Heat is sure to boost you to the edge of your seat.
With the usual NFS reputation system, a wide customisation platform and time tested bad boy racer theme Need for Speed Heat is sure to be a thriller for anyone interested.
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Read the title? Quite a fitting title for a game of such as it describes what it is quite perfectly! Wreckfest is not about being graceful or doing those cool 250 Kmph drifts; it is about being as destructive as possible and piling up those wreckages along the way. This is a no-rules game meaning that there is nothing holding you back. Do what you got to do to make sure you get to the finish line first (and intact).
The combative car game features derby arenas with crazy tracks or intersections packed with traffic for added destruction! Even though the concept seems a bit goofy and superficial, Wreckfest is surprisingly in-depth with a plethora of customisation options that range from reinforced bumpers, side protectors to roll cages. It is all about creating the perfect mean-machine. Players can even fiddle around with more technical and mechanical aspects of their ride, from air filters, fuel systems to camshafts and more.
If you are up for a bit of variation, the game even features different modes, where you can wreck crop harvesters, school buses, lawnmowers three-wheelers and many more vehicles of your imagination. It even hosts an online game mode where you can take out that pent up rage on unsuspecting players online! If you like cars, if you like destruction, if you do not like rules, then this is definitely the game for you.
It is quite difficult, to sum up, a list of the best car games for the PS4 at a single attempt as there are many more titles worth mentioning such as NASCAR Heat 4, The Crew 2, Need For Speed Payback and many more. But we feel like these titles hold a definitive standpoint as they break down car games to their respective genres such as simulators, racing, offroad drivers and such, much better than the other titles involved.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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RCC exists to share the love of Jesus Christ with a broken, dying world; resulting in salvation and the restoration of purpose and passion in our surrounding community, region, and world. RCC is a Spirit-led community of faith -- consisting of people from all walks of life, who are passionate to see the Kingdom of God revealed on earth in full force. This community will be characterized by heartfelt (presence based) worship, transformational biblical teaching, loving fellowship, compassionate outreach, generational transfer, strategic prayer, and the demonstration of the Holy Spirit's power.


Most homeowners know how to fix a few of the most basic things around their home. However, many smaller fixes go unnoticed or incomplete out of a lack of knowing how to do them, yet they can have a serious impact on your ability to sell your home or get the highest possible sale price from it. Here are 6 low-cost repairs you can do yourself that will increase your odds of selling your home and getting the most for it.
Everyone knows that the first impression is the most important, especially when you are trying to sell your home. If your front door is old and faded, you can repaint it or if it is damaged, simply replace it. While a new door might cost a couple of hundred dollars or more, you are sure to recoup this and more when you sell your home.
The backsplash in your kitchen takes a beating over time and can end up looking dingy and lifeless. Replacing it with a fresh new look is a great way to make your kitchen look fantastic to potential buyers. Go for simple good looks with wallpaper, tin ceiling tiles, new paint, or go all out and paint it with magnetic chalkboard paint.
Like the backsplash, your kitchen cabinets can take on a worn and dingy appearance over time. While painting them can take a bit of time, the results can make your kitchen look brand new and inviting as well as add value to your home that buyers are sure to appreciate.
Once you have cleaned up your cabinets, it may be time for all new hardware. A simple set of new drawer pulls and cabinet knobs is the perfect way to put a finishing touch on your new paint job. Even if your cabinets look good without a new paint job, adding new knobs and pulls is a good way to give them an upgraded look.
If your home is like many, the bathroom fixtures are probably pretty basic and worn looking. A trip to your local discount hardware superstore can net new upgraded fixtures that can be used to give your bathroom a fantastic new look. Be sure to turn off the water before replacing them and follow the included instructions carefully to avoid leaks.
Most homes in the Pasadena area have ceiling fans to help offset the high cost of air conditioning. While most people dust the blades, they tend to look old and worn out over time. Cleaning them is simply not enough, why not paint them to match your décor? You might be surprised at how much difference a fresh coat of paint can make.
It only takes a few small tricks like these to make your house more appealing to buyers who are comparing it to others on the market. Simple tasks like these can make your home stand out head and shoulders above the crowd and help you sell it more quickly while getting the highest possible price.
This entry was posted in Blog on September 16, 2016 by Josh McIntire.


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Cocoyoc est une ville de l'état de Morelos au Mexique, située à proximité de Yautepec.

Sa population était de  en 2020.

Notes et références

Voir aussi
 Déclaration de Cocoyoc

Liens externes

Ville au Mexique

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The fifth graders have been working with all kinds of fractions lately. They can add, subtract, multiply and divide fractions, whole numbers, and mixed numbers, and continue to work on area, perimeter, and volume and plotting points on a coordinate grid. It sounds like a lot and is a lot. They have worked very hard each day to prepare themselves for testing and sixth grade. In religion the focus has been on the sacraments and discussing all things Lent. They took part in Reconciliation, had a visit from an angel, and continue to pray the Stations of the Cross each week which will lead us to Holy Week. In reading they are learning to infer information given to them in a reading passage. In social studies they just finished examining the Declaration of Independence using a scavenger hunt! They are now comparing and contrasting the strengths and weaknesses of the British and American forces during the Revolutionary War. Language Arts is all about working on the skills of writing "hooks" or leads in informational writing. It has been fun drawing readers into essays with an opening sentence. They are looking forward to their next type of writing. Health topics have been the focus lately instead of science. The first unit focuses on medicine and drug safety. Discussions have been about why it is important to know the difference between a prescription and an over-the-counter drug, how to take them safely as well as how and when it is used properly it can help your mind and body. As you can see, the fifth graders are covering a lot of topics in class and continue to give it their all in their specials classes. In fifth grade when you miss a day you miss a lot. Check in next month to see how the field trip went. Happy spring!


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Image via Tennessee Smokies
Cubs Prospect All-Season Team: Jake Slaughter Makes Wait Worthwhile at 3B
Jordan MillerOctober 18, 2022
Jake Slaughter's professional career can best be summed up by one word: Waiting. He had to wait for his age-25 season before breaking out in 2022 at Double-A Tennessee. Before that, he waited to be selected in the later rounds in the draft not once, but twice by the Cubs. He was first taken in the 36th round in 2016 out of high school, then he went on to play two years at LSU before being selected in the 18th round in 2018.
Heck, he even had to wait before he could start his 2022 season. He made his season debut on May 11, a little over a month later than the rest of his teammates. Slaughter credited minor league hitting coaches Eric Patterson and Rachel Folden for helping him the most in getting to where he is now.
"That month being down in Arizona was tough mentally, and trying to stay ready, having good people around me down there helped me a lot," Slaughter explained to me.
As a 24-year-old in 2021, he slashed .242/.309/.317 in 399 plate appearances between South Bend (375) and Tennessee (24). Combine that with the late start to the 2022 season and Slaughter wasn't really on many prospect radars. That assessment changed quickly based on his offseason adjustments.
"I changed my setup a bit," Slaughter explained. "How I was standing and how I was hurting the way I get my swing off. I changed pretty much how I use my body [when loading], which ended up looking like a small difference but it made a lot of change."
The 6-foot-3, 230 pound infielder broke out in a huge way with 23 home runs and 36 stolen bases this past season. He was the Southern League Player of the Month in June and also took home the league batting title thanks to a .293 average. His power, speed, and a .284/.381/.514 slash line between High-A and Double-A would have been enough to earn Minor League Player of the Year for the organization in most seasons.
Of course, most seasons don't see Matt Mervis doing what he did.
Slaughter had swatted only eight career home runs in parts of three previous seasons, so his 23 dingers this year nearly tripled that. Developing more power was one of the goals he and the Cubs staff prioritized as part of his offseason plan.
"I've really wanted to get the power that I knew I had and actually put up the numbers," Slaughter said. "[It was] getting the right swing and mindset to do it. I've always been a very competitive person and I feel like I've competed well throughout my career. I tried to take on the attitude throughout the year of playing with a lot of confidence and really cutting it loose.
"For me this year, I was playing really loose and confident and trying to do damage at the plate every at-bat. I felt that attitude helped me out a lot throughout the year."
Another area in which Slaughter showed big improvement was his groundball percentage, which he reduced from 54.1% last year to 41.5% this past season. This not only helped unlock his home run power, it also led to a career-high in doubles.
"A lot of my swing changes were to change some things that hindered my ability to get the ball in the air," Slaughter explained. "I knew that was a big area. I had a pretty solid year in 2019 in my first full season but I didn't drive the ball like I knew I was capable of with how hard I hit the ball.
"It just took a while to pull some puzzle pieces together. The ability to drive the ball in the air and not only drive it in the air but pull the ball with backspin, which helps translate to a lot more home and double for me."
The power was evident with some of the moonshots he hit this year in both Tennessee and South Bend.
Jake Slaughter gets all of this one. pic.twitter.com/SobZmPElSc
— Jordan Miller (@Miller_MiLB) August 21, 2022
Jake Slaughter gets ALL of this one for a 3-run HR pic.twitter.com/HFoljqrfZT
— Jordan Miller (@Miller_MiLB) May 27, 2022
Power is to be expected from a player of his size, but speed is another big part of Slaughter's game and something he takes great pride in.
"I worked on my speed a lot this offseason and my jumps," he said. "I had a goal to get 20 [stolen bases]. I got 20 and I was like I guess I'll keep going. Even when I got to 20 it wasn't about the stat, it was about helping the team win and stealing in the right situations."
Tennessee manager Michael Ryan encouraged Slaughter to stay aggressive on the base paths, showing him how many more runs the team scored when he stole a base. Being able to impact the game with both his bat and legs made Slaughter a huge part of Tennessee's team success this season, as they became one of three affiliates to make the postseason in their respective leagues.
Slaughter is Rule 5 eligible this winter and there are so many variables before the December draft that I don't feel comfortable speculating on yet. What I can say for certain is that the adjustments he made this year and the numbers he put up as a result have firmly put him on the prospect radar for me.
According to most scouts, Double-A is where you find out if a prospect is a big leaguer. I'm no scout, but I believe Slaughter showed this season that he can make it at the highest level. The ability to adjust and improve, not to mention the confidence in that ability, will serve him well next season and beyond.
"My goal for next year is to be a big leaguer, that is the main goal for me," Slaughter said. "I think I set myself up with a good opportunity next year."
Catcher – Moises Ballesteros
Second – Pedro Ramirez
First – Matt Mervis


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text:
Atiku, Yoruba Group, Ondo Govt: Killing of Fasoranti's daughter, depth of everything that is evil
Roland Edwards
Former Vice President and presidential candidate of the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP) in the 2019 elections, Atiku Abubakar, has described the killing, on Friday, of Mrs. Funke Olakunrin, daughter of Afenifere Chairman, Pa Reuben Fasoranti, as 'one death too many'.
He said in a statement: "I condemn, in the strongest possible terms, the killing of Mrs. Funke Olakunrin, daughter of Chief Reuben Fasoranti, the Chairman of Afenifere. This is one death too many. I call on the security services to initiate speedy and thorough investigations to bring her killers to book and stem the epidemic of insecurity in our land.
"My prayers and deep compassion go to Chief Reuben Fasoranti, his family and the entire membership of Afenifere. My family and I stand shoulder to shoulder with you at this trying time, even as we pray for the repose of Mrs. Funke Olakunrin's soul. Peace must return to Nigeria, by every means possible. Enough of this. Enough of this!"
In its reaction, the Yorùbá Summit Group, in a statement by the Publicity Secretary, Mogaji Gboyega Adejumo, said: "With great Sorrow and Sadness, we the Yoruba Nation, announce the gruesome killing of the daughter of the Leader of Afẹ́nifẹ́re, Barrister Funke Fasoranti Olakunrin today, as she was on her way to Lagos from visiting her aged father, Pa Reuben Fasoranti (OFR) at Àkúrẹ́.
"Funke, a lawyer and banker at 58 years, became the latest victim of the murderous Fulani herdsmen at the Ọ̀rẹ̀ junction.
"And at this juncture, The Yorùbá Summit Group, the Umbrella Body of All Yoruba groups, will have to say to the whole Yoruba Nation that we have just about had enough of this Evil union that has failed the 60 million strong Yoruba people, yet again.
"Just today, the Yoruba Nation through the Yoruba Summit Group, comprising of 80 groups, rose with one voice after our Plenary at the home of our Leader Pa Ayo Adebanjo, with far reaching decisions. "To, therefore, be bashed, buffeted with such a gruesome death in the heart of the Yoruba Nation, will not be allowed to happen without profound and fundamental consequences.
"The Yoruba are no more ready to continue to carry the burden of an ungrateful, unfruitful union.
"There will be a more comprehensive and definitive statement coming forth to the Yoruba Nation from the Yoruba Summit Group, in due course.
"And to the enablers, prevaricators, protectors of the itinerant murdering Fulani herdsmen, a plea — Leave us to mourn and bury our Dead".
Deputy Governor of Ondo State, Hon. Agboola Ajayi, on Friday night, led the state government delegation to the residence of the Leader of the Pan Yoruba Socio-Cultural Organisation, Afenifere, Pa. Reuben Fasoranti, at Fasoranti lane, off Ijapo Estate in Akure, the state capital, whose daughter was killed by gunmen at Ore junction in Ondo State.
Ajayi was accompanied by the Secretary to the State Government (SSG), Ifedayo Abegunde and the Chief of Staff to the Governor, Chief Olugbenga Ale.
The Deputy Governor, while consoling with the Afenifere leader, said the state government received as rude shock the sad news of the death of Fasoranti's daughter.
While vowing that the perpetrators of the evil act will surely be brought to book, Ajayi disclosed that Governor Oluwarotimi Akeredolu has cut short his trip outside the state to return tomorrow.
Speaking through the Commissioner for Information and Orientation, Donald Ojogo, the governor declared that the killers must be arrested.
He said: "The murder of Mrs Funke Olakunrin, daughter of Afenifere Leader, Pa Reuben Fasoranti, is one death too many. It is unacceptable and condemnable.
"This sad development once again, heightens the level of fear that has pervaded our Nation even as it represents a despicable commentary in all ramifications. To say the least, it represents an unenviable turning point, the depth of everything that is evil.
"On behalf of the State Executive Council, I sympathise with our foremost leader and indeed the people of the State over this dastardly act.
"I appeal to all and sundry to remain calm and allow the Police to unravel the perpetrators of this murder. Already, the Commissioner of Police has been directed to comb all forests of Ondo State to bring to book, these blood-thirsty murderers. There is no hiding place for such in Ondo State".
Atiku Yoruba Group Ondo Govt: Killing of Fasoranti's daughter depth of everything that is evil
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text:
Uppsala Health Summit Uppsala Health Summit Our summits Tackling Infectious Disease ... Pre-Conference Report 2017 A Roadmap for Effective Diagnostics
A Roadmap for Effective Diagnostics
to Combat Global Infectious Disease
Stefan Bertilsson, Uppsala University, SciLifeLab and Department of Ecology and Genetics, stebe@ebc.uu.se
Josef Järhult, Uppsala University Hospital and Uppsala University, Department of Medical Sciences Åsa Melhus, Uppsala University Hospital and Uppsala University, Department of Medical Sciences Eva Molin, Uppsala University, SciLifeLab
Aristidis Moustakas, Uppsala University, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology
This workshop will deal with the challenges in-volved in developing and then providing rapid, reliable and affordable point-of-care diagnos-tic tools for use in low-resource countries at increased risk from infectious disease threats.
Efficient and sustainable management and prevention of infectious disease, particularly in low-income regions/countries, is critically dependent on access to robust, fast and affordable diagnostics. There is great potential for adopting recent technological advances for practical use in diagnostics and infectious disease monitoring, and there can certainly be huge benefits for health, overall life expectancy and quality of living.
However, there are several obstacles to over-come before diagnostics are effectively imple-mented in healthcare. In this workshop, we will identify major bottlenecks and describe future strategies that we believe will be effective in translating scientific and technological advances into clinical practice.
Questions to be addressed in the workshop are:
What are the major obstacles to getting rapid, reliable and affordable infection diagnostics on the market and implemented in different healthcare systems?
How can we accelerate this development to produce emerging diagnostic tools for the future?
What incentives are there for venture capital and business to invest in this sector and what will be the role of not-for-profit and government-supported stakeholders?
Who should take responsibility for the different steps to get new infection diagnostics to the market?
A variety of threats demand a variety of solutions
At the global level, infectious disease is one of the leading causes of mortality. As an example, WHO estimates that there were 212 million cases of malaria in 2015 and 429 000 deaths. Respiratory tract infections such as pneumonia, tuberculosis, and viral infections are other ex-amples of infectious diseases which are hard to both control and diagnose and have major nega-tive health impacts. Other infectious diseases of global significance and concern are HIV and sexually transmitted diseases caused by bacteria such as Neisseria gonorrheae and Chlamydia trachomatis. Symptoms of these communicable diseases vary and are sometimes not present. Their consequences can increase and spread with long-term negative impacts on health and life quality. In many regions of the world, diarrhoeal diseases infect billions every year with millions of fatal cases. These disease symptoms can be caused by fundamentally different infectious agents including bacteria, parasites or viruses. Hence, to control and cure the disease, very different treatments and therapeutic practices may be necessary. Apart from improved treatment efficiency, reliable diagnostics are also imperative in order to avoid over-prescription of drugs causing resistance development, e.g. to antibiotics as well as unnecessary adversary side effects. It is clear that for many of the most globally significant infectious diseases, fast and precise diagnostics will be the first and critically important factor for effective treatment and to limit the spread of the disease.
A disproportionate global health burden
Infectious disease is a global area of concern, but the negative effects of infectious disease on human health, wellbeing and life expectancy (i.e. disease burden) is not equally distributed across the global human population. Poor sanitary conditions, overall low education levels, failing infrastructure and limited resources for treating disease conditions make developing countries and low-income regions particularly at risk and exposed to infectious disease threats. There is also a demographic component with young chil-dren and infants being disproportionately affected. All diseases discussed above are an especially heavy healthcare burden in developing countries, and most of them take their primary death toll in children under five.
© WORLD BANK.
Rapid technological advances in infectious disease diagnostics
The field of infectious disease diagnostics has experienced a rapid transition and technological change over the past few years. Scientific advances in developing molecular recognition tools, finding and validating biomarkers of disease and provision of affordable and fast-sequencing technologies have opened exciting new opportunities for diagnostics that are considerably faster, more precise and informative compared to the traditional microscopy or cultivation-based methods that have been the golden standard since the birth of infection biology as a research field. The benefits could be major and a pertinent example is tuberculosis where microscopic examination of sputum is cheap, fast and unspecific, and cultures are resource-demanding and may require up to 6 weeks to get the first results and highly specific. Using nucleic acid amplification methods, results can be obtained within a day along with information on drug resistance and sensitivity that may guide further treatments and measures to prevent further spread of the disease.
Inadequate infrastructure and high costs restrict use in developing countries
So this is very good news, at least for some parts of the world. Developing countries and low- income regions invariably cannot provide the infra structure required to take advantage of most of these technological advances, nor can they afford to invest in the costly instrumentation or diagnostic kits that are often needed. Sequencing and PCR-based diagnostics are already in use for detecting and describing infectious disease agents and finding the appropriate treatment to most efficiently control and cure the disease, but such technologies rely on moderately to very expensive instrumentation such as thermocyclers and DNA sequencers with ancillary equipment. Even if such investments can be made, stable electricity for instrument performance and distribution networks and refrigeration for storage of reagents, along with considerable training, are required to make it work. It would be unrealistic to expect such diagnostics to be broadly adopted across resource-poor regions around the world. Inadequate infrastructure will probably also prevent broader centralized use of core facilities to serve a country or a region. How should samples be transported to the laboratories? Will it be possible or even desirable that sick individuals travel for diagnostics at a central hospital or core facility? How will the patient then be informed of the result from the diagnostic test and how long will this entire process take?
Advantages of point-of-care approaches in resource-poor settings
Point-of-care approaches have been identified as a more promising strategy for infectious disease diagnostics, management and control in the developing world. Such strategies could open the possibility to meet the patient in their local area or perhaps even in their home and offer simple and robust diagnostic tests that produce rapid results, enabling near immediate action to be taken to avoid spreading the disease, to cure it or to treat the symptoms. Appropriate point-of-care diagnostic tests should ideally adhere to the ASSURED criteria developed by the World Health Organization (Box 1). This would rule out both sequencing and essentially also all PCR-based diagnostics for putative point-of-care diagnostics. Instead, affordable and robust miniaturized assays based on affinity-detection of either antigens associated with the infectious agent or human biomarkers of disease have been the methods of choice.
Lateral flow immunoassays (LFIA) is the most widespread platform for such diagnostics and is based on binding of a specific antibody to an infectious disease antigen and by incorporating a reporter molecule that can be visibly inspected, readout can be done within minutes. The technical requirements and need for training are minimal with the home pregnancy test being the best-known example. There are many examples of such diagnostic tests for microbial infections (HIV, hepatitis, malaria, cryptococcal meningitis, etc.) but one potential bottleneck is the need to obtain samples that are reasonably clean and with high concentration of the respective analytes (disease antigens). If testing is done with samples that feature low levels of the analyte, this may result in false negatives, thus violating the ASSURED principles. Because of these and other limitations, there is much ongoing research to develop more sensitive and versatile (with regards to sample type) diagnostic tests. One promising avenue in this regard is the miniaturization of nucleic acid-based assays in microfluidic devices that should be low-cost and able to operate without expensive equipment and stable electrical supply. But who should safeguard and support the continued efforts and work in such research and development endeavours?
"Globally important" pathogens get priority
Although point-of-care diagnostics have received a lot of attention recently, we are still far from a solution to meet the diagnostic challenges in combatting global infectious disease. Development of functional diagnostic tools is typically very resource-demanding and the monetary return on investment is highly uncertain or sometimes even predictably low. This may prevent industry and venture capital from investing in bringing such technologies to market even if the discoveries have been made. Who should fund the early (pre-clinical) development of diagnostics tools and who should take them to market? Some of the more pertinent examples of the successful development and use of diagnostics for infectious disease, also in the developing world, are for malaria, HIV or disease caused by other "globally important" pathogens. The worldwide number of infected individuals and the occasion-al spread and outbreaks in more developed and high-income regions make these diseases relevant targets and accordingly considerable efforts are spent on developing diagnostic tools. There are, however, a large number of lesser known, often regionally limited but still very severe infectious diseases that will not get the same attention, and where prospects of having diagnostic tools developed are less positive. Trypanosomiasis and Leichmaniasis are examples of two such tropical diseases. Who should develop diagnostic tests for infectious diseases where those affected are mainly from poor rural communities? Similar to HIV and malaria, infections of the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts are global health problems where diagnostics are clearly lagging behind. Such infections cause much suffering and death (particularly among children) in both developing countries and more resource-rich parts of the world. The challenges in providing access to rapid and precise point-of-care infectious disease diagnostics are shared and this may provide a window of opportunity. If we can solve these problems in our own backyard, we can also (in the process) improve the situation for the rest of the world.
Adapting new diagnostic tools to local conditions
Even when a diagnostic tool suitable for point of care according to the ASSURED criteria is available, it may not always be adopted by local health care providers or the population at risk. There could be cultural resistance and conflict with prevailing traditions or beliefs, or there may simply be inertia in adopting new technology. The costs may also be too high and there may be challenges with distribution to the users related to limitations in transport and freight infrastructure. Thus, in addition to the new technologies and methodologies themselves, it is imperative that education, knowledge and in-formation are developed in accordance with the local social and cultural context, in close collaboration with key actors in the target regions.
This begs the question: where does the responsibility lie and who should take action? Training and education is one aspect in this, as is legislation, politics and religion. By discussing and establishing the responsibilities and roles of different stakeholders, we hope that this workshop will pave the way for more efficient infectious disease diagnostics for the benefit of humankind (Figure 1).
Figure 1. Needs for successful implementation of diagnostics for infectious disease management and control with potential stakeholders indicated. During which stage(s) should each stakeholder get involved, how should they collaborate and what should their involvement be for maximum impact on global health and wellbeing?
Identifying the bottlenecks and accelerating progress
The main outcome of the workshop will be the shared experiences, ideas and visions of the participants to stimulate the development of effective and useful diagnostic tools for infectious disease. By participants then bringing the information back to national governments, NGOs, regional health sectors, knowledge-based organizations such as universities and research institutes, funding bodies and industry, we will move beyond the current situation and make a difference. At the end of the workshop, we hope to not only have identified some of the major bottlenecks, but also have solutions for how to accelerate the development and implementation. The obstacles will in part be technical, as well as cultural, legislative and economical. Incentives for investments as well as the role of not-for-profit and governmental organizations will be discussed with a hope of reaching consensus and creative solutions for how to move forward.
Jack, A. 2015. Affordable diagnostics is the missing link in medicine. Financial Times.
Howitt, P., Darzi, A., Yang, G.-Z., et al. 2012. Technologies for global health. The Lancet. 380:507-535.
Urdea, M., Penny, L.A., Olmsted, S.S., et al. 2006. Require-ments for high impact diagnostics in the developing world. Nature Supplements: Improved Diagnostic Tech-nologies for the Developing World. p73-79. doi:10.1038/nature05448
Kozel, T.R. Burnham-Marusich, A.R. 2017. Point of care testing for infectious disease – Past, present and future. Journal of Clinical Microbiology. In Press. doi:10.1128/JCM.00476-17.
Yager, P., Domingo, G.J., Gerdes. J. 2008. Point-of-care diagnostics for global health. Annual Reviews in Biomedical Engineering. 10:107-144. doi:10.1146/annurev.bio-eng.10.061807.160524.
Peeling, R.W., Mabey, D. 2010. Point-of-care tests for diagnosing infections in the developing world. Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Disease. 16:1062-1069.
Characteristics of suitable diagnostic tests for developing countries (ASSURED) developed by the World Health Organization.
Affordable by those at risk of infection
Sensitive (few false negatives)
Specific (few false positives)
User-friendly (simple also for non-trained
persons)
Rapid to enable treatment at first visit and no need for special storage, and Robust
Equipment-free (not relying on electricity)
Deliverable to those who need it (portable)


Science fiction/fantasy publisher Orbit, which is part of Hachette Book Group, is expanding its short fiction e-offerings from the U.S. to the UK and other countries where Orbit titles are sold.
The program, which includes original fiction from Orbit authors, launched in the U.S. in April. "The digital short fiction market is clearly gaining momentum…The success of the program in the US has been very encouraging," said Anne Clarke, the editorial director of Orbit UK, in a statement.
Orbit's e-singles are available from a variety of etailers, including Amazon (NSDQ: AMZN), Barnes & Noble (NYSE: BKS) and Kobo, and most are $1.99.
Science fiction/fantasy is one of the most popular e-book genres, with sci-fi publishers among those at the forefront of digital experimentation. The UK's Angry Robot offers e-book subscriptions, for instance. Amazon launched its own sci-fi/fantasy/horror imprint, 47North, in October.


text:
106-year-old Pearl Harbor survivor visits Washington for Memorial Day
FILE PHOTO: Pearl Harbor survivor Ray Chavez (C) sits with his daughter Kathleen Chavez (L) and Chief Warrant Officer 4 Dorian Bozza (R) during a ceremony commemorating the 75th anniversary of the attack on Pearl Harbor at Kilo Pier on December 07, 2016 in Honolulu, Hawaii. Chavez is attending Memorial Day ceremonies in Washington, D.C.
Credit: Pool
By Natalie Dreier, Cox Media Group National Content Desk
The oldest surviving veteran of Pearl Harbor has made a Memorial Day trip to our nation's capital to honor and remember those who went before him.
Ray Chavez first met with President Donald Trump Thursday, KSWB reported.
Today, @POTUS @realDonaldTrump welcomed 106-year-old Pearl Harbor veteran Ray Chavez of Poway, California to the @WhiteHouse. Chavez is the oldest living Pearl Harbor veteran. https://t.co/UDcJLCWJcs pic.twitter.com/URLJnrc1VK
— Dan Scavino Jr. (@Scavino45) May 24, 2018
Chavez had a packed schedule over the long holiday weekend. After the presidential audience, he then met with Secretary of Defense James Mattis Friday and toured monuments Saturday. Sunday he had the honor of unveiling a new painting that hangs in the Pentagon showing the attack on Pearl Harbor, KSWB reported.
But on Monday, he takes part in the 150th Memorial Day ceremony at Arlington Cemetery as a guest of Mattis followed by riding on a float in the national Memorial Day parade, KSWB reported.
Chavez was a quartermaster on the USS Condor during the attack on Pearl Harbor, KSWB reported.
The Condor, a minesweeper, found a Japanese submarine in restricted waters just before the attack. He says he remembers the day that will live in infamy is if it were yesterday, Hawaii News Now reported.
"I saw all the ships on fire, a terrible smoke screen, all through the harbor covering the ships. It never goes away, what you see and learn," Chavez told Hawaii News Now.
He still remembers his shipmates all these years later.
"I never will forget them. I met some real fine young men," Chavez said.
Chavez also had a message for younger generations.
"It's very important that the younger generations know and learn the meaning of war," the veteran told Hawaii News now." I would do it again if I was called to active duty, but chances are they'll never call me."
Natalie Dreier, Cox Media Group National Content Desk


Going to try this out as a feature. A weekly blotter of goings on, events, happenings or observations, either personal or general. Mostly "stuff to do" in and around Pittsburgh, unless I'm out of town or something notable is going on elsewhere.
It's finally *starting* to become spring-like in Pittsburgh, the weather is bearable, the sun is out, you can hear birds and that means a rash of shows will be on the horizon.
A good lineup of noisy, experimental stuff. Check the FB post for more details on all the acts.
"Duh?" I posted this the other day, so I won't repost all the details. Essential new mutant bass / techno / house live set.
They periodically do after (gallery) hours events at Wood Street downtown, typically with good listening oriented electronic music, possibly a keg and definitely BYOB. And it's free. This is one of those.
no information at this moment in time.
Hot Mass is a weekly afterhours that mostly books house and techno, but has some specific crews curating certain monthly nights. This week they're bringing in a really excellent live PA from Italy, Voices from the Lake. Plus sets from Humanaut crew members Aaron Clark and Relative Q. Essential.


text:
Q: How can I display a single record in 2 rows by using Yii CGridView? I am using CGridView in Yii, how can I display a single record in 2 lines?
Basically I want to show a record details in 1st row of table and on other row I want to display its summary, I tried it with div and css but can't get proper results, is anyone there who can help me in this case?
I am using like this:
<?php

$this->widget('zii.widgets.grid.CGridView', array(
'id'=>'bidding-grid',
'itemsCssClass' => 'data-default',
'dataProvider'=>$model,
'summaryText' => '',
'columns'=>array(
    'people_detail_for_bid.Person' => array(
                        'type'=>'raw',
                        'name'=>'people_detail_for_bid.Person',
                        'value'=>'Yii::app()->Controller->createUserNameLink($data->people_detail_for_bid->PeopleFirstName." ".$data->people_detail_for_bid->PeopleLastName, $data->people_detail_for_bid->PeopleId).
                        "
".$data->people_detail_for_bid->PeopleDesignation."".
                        "
".$data->people_detail_for_bid->PeopleEmail.""',
                        'htmlOptions'=>array('width'=>200),
    ),
    'timeAgo' => array(
                        'type'=>'raw',
                        'name'=>'timeAgo',
                        'value'=>'"".Yii::app()->Controller->_ago($data->PBPostedOn)."</sapn>"',
                        'htmlOptions'=>array('width'=>150),
    ),

),

));

?>

A: I think the best and cleanest way to accomplish this is to create a new extension and extend it to CGridView, override the renderTableRow function like this:
/**
 * Renders a table body row.
 * @param integer $row the row number (zero-based).
 */
public function renderTableRow($row)
{
    if($this->rowCssClassExpression!==null)
    {
        $data=$this->dataProvider->data[$row];
        echo '
evaluateExpression($this->rowCssClassExpression,array('row'=>$row,'data'=>$data)).'">';
    }
    else if(is_array($this->rowCssClass) && ($n=count($this->rowCssClass))>0)
        echo '
rowCssClass[$row%$n].'">';
    else
        echo '
';

    $colCtr = 0;
    foreach($this->columns as $column){
        $column->renderDataCell($row);
        $colCtr++;
    }

    echo "
\n";
    echo "
This is the summary row.
";
}

A: You can customize what you are rendering in the columns, so if you want to show two different fields of your table in the same row, you have to create a function in your model:
public function customColumn()
{
    return $this->PeopleDesignation.'
'.$this->PeopleEmail;
}

And then assign the method to the value of your column:
array(
    'type'=>'html',
    'value'=>'$data->customColumn()'
),

Cheers, Pablo.

A: After too much search .. and I tried with different ways now finally got a solution for this .. that solution is basically a kind of 2nd way to do anything not actual way .. but it works to me ..
.....
.....

    'timeAgo' => array(
                        'type'=>'raw',
                        'name'=>'timeAgo',
                        'value'=>'"".Yii::app()->Controller->_ago($data->PBPostedOn)."</sapn>

".$data->PBSummary.""',
                        'htmlOptions'=>array('width'=>150),
    ),

.....
.....

added some table tags on last column to close row and added another one.
hope it works for all ..
thanks ..

A: Sounds like 2 interleaved CGridViews. So you might try that, but I can't imagine it will work out well:
Overlay one CGridView over the other, with enough transparent space in each row for the other to display it's row, and ...
a. one `CGridView` table offset vertically by half a row height, *OR*
b. one table's row's text vertically top-aligned & the other bottom-aligned

But somehow I doubt that's a CGridView capability ;) And keeping the two in sync so they pagenate and scroll together would be darn near impossible. Sounds like you need to enhance CGridView or derive a new widget from CGridView. I wonder if JQuery has something to do this?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Social media marketing compliance is no small task. Here's how financial organizations can avoid running afoul of advertising and customer communication regulations while still delivering compelling brand messaging through social media.
Mortgage lenders have been required to provide two different disclosure forms to borrowers under the Truth in Lending Act (TILA) and Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act (RESPA) since the early 1970's. However, inconsistencies in wording and content prompted a revision of the forms, and the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) began that process in July of 2012. In November of 2013, they issued their final rule, integrating TILA and RESPA disclosures.
The life of a compliance officer can be stressful, particularly when regulated industries make the foray into social media. Not only are there mine fields of regulations to maneuver – your company runs the risk of employees going rogue or accidentally mixing personal and business accounts. One wrong move, and it's Fine City, population YOUR BANK. What's a compliance officer to do?
What a difference a decade makes when finance meets technology. Notice MR0281, originally issued by the Investment Industry Regulatory Organization of Canada (IIROC) in 2004, provided guidance for securities dealers on the nature of communications materials, including advertising and correspondence with clients. But that's not all - IIROC Rule 29.7 (supplemented by IIROC Notice 11-0349) requires firms to produce proof of these materials during regulatory audits.
By now it's no secret that financial services companies need to adhere to the Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council (FFIEC) guidance regarding social media use. Gremlin Social customers are not only looking for social media compliance tools, but also guidance on how the tools specifically address their compliance needs. Here we've broken down the FFIEC rules into frequently asked questions, and shed some light how the rules apply to your social media and risk management programs.


HANDS ON BOATS will continue in 2018. Stay tuned for future dates!
Give the gift of a Hands on Boats session! Full and Half Day Session Gift Certificates are available until Dec. 20. Don't wait!
The trim and rails on a boat are more than aesthetic finishing touches, they serve a practical and structure purpose.
The final HANDS ON BOATS session participants will work alongside Nate Piper, master boat builder to mill out, fit and fasten these final elements of the new Piscataqua River Wherry. Once completed, finish work will focus on the appropriate preparation and application of finishes.
The new Piscataqua River Wherry will be raffled off upon completion. Participants receive raffle tickets as part of their registration fee. Raffle tickets are also available to the general public for $15 each. Buy a raffle ticket.
*Prices are per day. Discounts available when you sign up for multiple days or sessions in advance. See additional pricing information below and please contact us for discount codes prior to signing up.
Photo by "Raya on Assignment"
Nate is the owner of Piper Boatworks in Rye, NH and director of The Boatshop at Strawbery Banke.
Over the past 20 years, he has been involved with wooden boats of all shapes, sizes and ages. In addition to his current involvement with The Boatshop at Strawbery Banke, he restores and builds new boats in his own shop, including MerryMac sailboats, Nate previously served as the project manager for the construction of the new gundalow Piscataqua. Nate has also worked on the rebuilding of the Boston Tea Party ships in Gloucester, Massachusetts; worked with Harold Burnham on the construction of the Schooner Yacht Isabella in Essex, Massachusetts; and worked on the construction of Kalmar Nyckel, Delaware's Tall Ship.
Nate once sailed aboard the HMS Bounty as Crew and ship's carpenter and both sailed as crew and worked on a major refit of Martha Lewis, a Chesapeake Bay skipjack.
Nate is a graduate of the Landing School of Boat Building and Design in Kennebunkport, Maine.
If you are a museum member and/or would like to sign up for more than one session at the discounted prices listed below, please contact us by email or by calling 603-686-4338 for discount codes prior to trying to register.
Preregistration is required and space is limited!
The new Piscataqua River Wherry will be raffled off upon completion. All full day session participants will receive two complimentary raffle tickets for each paid session. Half day participants will receive one complimentary raffle tickets per paid session.
Raffle tickets are also available to the general public for $15 each. Buy a raffle ticket.


The first test-run of my Paranoia adventure is now just a week away, so in addition to re-reading the rules and making sure all my notes are in order, I've also started taking stock of my paranoia props. Paranoia is one of those games that seems to have a strong reputation for prop use, and I hate to disappoint any players coming to my table with that expectation. The good news is that over the years I've accumulated a fair number of props that are easily reusable for any paranoia game, so mostly this is just a matter of taking stock of what has held up and is reusable, and what if anything custom is required for this particular adventure.
Pride of place in my collection is a series of solid colored baseball hats in the security clearance colors: black, red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet, and white. I have six red hats and fewer of each other color — usually 2-3 of the more common ones and maybe 1 each of the less common ones. I give the red ones to my players right off the bat, and will use the other hats myself as they encounter NPCs of other security clearances. I like that this establishes pretty quickly the false hope in the players that they might upgrade their own security clearance and thus earn a new hat. I mean, I'm prepared to handle that should it happen, but it tends not to.
I used to create custom badges for the mandatory bonus duties, but the new game comes with custom cards for these which happen to look exactly like security badges. So after a little searching on Amazon I found some clear plastic badge holders that fit these cards pretty well. In addition to this I also have some of the standard "Hello, My Name Is…" adhesive name badges, so between the three each player should feel really kitted out with their own customized Paranoia costume.
Team Leader – actually, this is the one I have no prop for and never had. Somehow, it's amusing that the Team Leader gets absolutely nothing special. Good luck buddy!
Happiness Officer – for the happiness officer I have one of those small plastic containers with subdivided compartments for your pencils or fishing lures or whatever. I buy some nondescript candies like smarties and organize them by color. The container then has this label on it. Contrary to the label, no instructions or warnings are enclosed. In the past I've made a color-based table of the effects of taking any of these "pills". The only down-side to his prop is that Paranoia players have baked into their heads that everything with a color on it is referencing a security clearance, so are hesitant to take any but the red pills.
They actually do work. If you turn them on, the microphone picks up sound and plays it into your ears. It's mildly useful.
Equipment Officer – In the past I had this ridiculously huge black duffel bag, which I packed with empty boxes and shipping tubes of various sizes, each with a unique number on it. If the player wanted to open one they had to lift this ungainly thing onto the table, take out a box, and tell me the number. I then had a chart of what all the objects were. I no longer have the boxes, but I do still have the duffel bag. I think though I may simplify this time around and just give this player the deck of equipment cards, which naturally they must draw blind from. Not as funny as a huge duffel bag I know, but I think the player should still feel pretty cool getting their own special deck of cards.
Communications and Recording Officer – This has been replaced in the new edition with Combat Officer. This makes sense as all players now have implicit recording devices built into their skulls. That said, I used to give this player an actual working tiny spy video camera. Now I'm not sure what to do for this player. I'll have to give this one some thought.
I will have some custom props for the adventure I'm running as well, though I don't plan to overdo it. I mean, I'm already running my prop-heavy horror game Checkpoint Zulu, and it would be nice if there was still room in the car for Adam.
What Are Those Maniacs Playing?
For the Team Leader you could add something flashy but ultimately pointless. Like some stick on rank insignias or "scrambled eggs" a la naval commanders for their ball cap. Or some kind of flashing light or tall cone shape to put on top.
Hmm, looks like it already exists.
…but then PLC would *never* issue the wrong color-clearance equipment, causing confusion and uncertainty among a loyal troubleshooter team and those citizens of Alpha Complex they interact with, especially for a position so important, high profile, and coveted as team leader. That's just not a thing that happens ever and only a traitor would imagine otherwise.


text:
Eying Demand in China, Christie's Spreads Marquee Evening Sale Across London and Shanghai
'I Regret Having Received Funds': Artist Neri Oxman Gifted Jeffrey Epstein 3D-Printed Marble After $125,000 Donation From Him
Jeffrey Epstein.
AP/SHUTTERSTOCK
Jeffrey Epstein's ties to the MIT Media Lab have been a source of contention. In August, it was revealed that the laboratory, which is based in Cambridge, Massachusetts, had received around $800,000 in funding from the now-deceased sex offender. Now there is yet another art-world connection to Epstein that has come to light: an oversized 3D-printed marble presented to him by artist Neri Oxman, a professor at MIT's Mediated Matter department, at the request of Joichi Ito, the lab's director, who recently resigned.
The piece presented by Oxman, a renowned designer and architect with an upcoming show at the Museum of Modern Art in New York opening in February 2020, was given to Epstein in 2017, after he donated $125,000 to her design lab at MIT. According to a statement provided by Oxman, the gift was given to Epstein after Joichi Ito—the lab's director, who has since resigned from his post—vouched for Epstein as a donor.
Her statement reads, "As part of my job at the Media Lab, I give presentations to sponsors and potential donors typically several times a week. This was the first and only time I met Epstein. [Joichi] assured me that Epstein was an approved donor who wished to devote his fortune to science and technology, in part to make amends for wrongs he had committed earlier in his life."
Since it was revealed that Epstein was a donor to the MIT Media Lab, two professors have severed ties with the institution, and Ito stepped down after apologizing for working with Epstein. Ito commented at the time to the New York Times, "I am deeply sorry to the survivors, to the Media Lab, and to the MIT community for bringing such a person into our network."
According to Oxman's statement, Epstein's donation had to be kept confidential, per a requirement from MIT, "so as to not enhance his reputation by association with MIT, and with the understanding that he would not be considered a sponsor of our group's research or have any involvement in how the funds were spent."
She also specified that she had only met with Epstein once, when she delivered a presentation to him on her research group's work.
"I regret having received funds from Epstein," her statement concluded, "and deeply apologize to my students for their inadvertent involvement in this mess."
joichi-ito
mit-media-lab
neri-oxman


Foodie, Photographer, Digital Artist, Doodler, Writer & Film Director. Currently working towards getting my first 'Bollywood' movie on a roll. In the meanwhile, here's some food. Keep hungry!
All content in this blog © SANJIV KHAMGAONKAR and THE WRITES OF PASSAGE. Unauthorized use and/or duplication of this material without express and written permission from this blog's author is strictly prohibited. Excerpts and links may be used, provided that full and clear credit is given to SANJIV KHAMGAONKAR and THE WRITES OF PASSAGE with appropriate and specific direction to the original content.


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14 administrative, support, waste management and remediation services businesses in 87110 have between 10 and 19 employees in 2016
There were 14 administrative, support, waste management and remediation services businesses in New Mexico ZIP code 87110 that had between 10 and 19 employees in 2016, according to County Business Patterns (CBP) statistics provided by the United States Census Bureau.
CBP data indicates that there are more establishments categorized as retail trade businesses with between 10 and 19 employees in 87110 than in any other category.
The following table shows how many administrative, support, waste management and remediation services businesses with between 10 and 19 employees were in 87110 during the period from 2012 to 2016.
Administrative, support, waste management and remediation services businesses with between 10 and 19 employees in 87110 (2012-2016)
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New Mexico among the 36 states with major tax changes in 2020
By New Mexico Business Daily reports | Jan 18, 2020
New Mexico job growth this year projected at 0.7%
Inventories in aluminum and nonferrous metal products industry fall 0.3 percent in October
1 1,671 personal and laundry services businesses in the U.S. have between 50 and 99 employees in 2016
2 Three businesses in 87530 had fewer than five employees in 2016
3 New manufacturing orders for search and navigation equipment, nondefense climb 8.6 percent in August
4 Inventories in consumer goods industry fall 0.1 percent in July
5 Four businesses in 87528 had fewer than five employees in 2016
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Home » » WELCOME TO OUR BLOG!
It's that time of year. We all think about making New Years' Resolutions, to break them a day later…and we read articles like this that talk about New Years' Resolutions and how we're going to break them! But look at this blog like a New Years' Resolution if you like: many people decide that this is the year they're going to do more travelling, maybe visit a destination on their bucket list. However in the back of their minds they know that's not really going to happen, as work, school, DIY get in the way.
Here at Global Great Hotels, after some deliberation and brainstorming we have decided that it would be helpful for all our esteemed members, clients, friends and followers, to do a blog.
So each week, we'll be giving you advice on the best travel trends in 2019, and through our articles, you can feel some sort of getaway from normal life, or at least, that's what we're hoping to bring you. The idea of which is to give you ideas and advice, perhaps even inspiration on the latest trends and the latest hotspots, whether you're looking to see and be seen, some culture, some activity, something for the family, or something as far away from other peoples' children as you can get!
Come travel with us, in 2019, even if you're just sitting on the sofa, reading this on your iPad. What we want to do is take you on a journey with us, through travel trends old and new, and give you something to think about, something to giggle about and possibly even something to learn. We're certainly learning something every time we research our next trend…but most of all, we hope you enjoy them.
We're going to cover it all.
What we would love also, is for your input. Do you have a favourite place? Did you take us up on one of our "Flash Offers"? Where have you been with us, that you would love to recommend to others? We look forward to hearing from you.
So in an open letter fashion, we're going to start on our first blog. It made sense to us, to start from the beginning: as Mary Poppins said "a very good place to start" (sorry, but it's always on over Christmas, perhaps the mince pies have got to us!).
Travel and travel trends as we know them today, are of course, very different from their origins. However, one could say that they do have one thing in common: memories (not photos and certainly not a cuddly toy, especially in the Dark Ages), but memories would certainly resonate with an ordinary bloke from Ancient Rome, just as much as an ordinary bloke from, I don't know, Manchester, today.
It goes without saying that of course, the Romans took holidays. They did everything else. Including inventing a system of central heating which we heathens threw out in the Dark Ages, but enough of that. The Ancient Romans were the first civilisation which actually travelled for pleasure. When you think about it, it makes sense, as you are hardly likely to up sticks and go on holiday just as your village is about to be attacked and your house burnt to the ground, are you? However, as the Romans had the infrastructure and the relative prosperity to do so, and the average holiday was in all fairness up to 2 years long (imagine!), and they weren't being attacked constantly, then they could go. This, of course, created all the associated business with holidays: inns, restaurants, tour guides, all of which are documented (Pausanias gives you a great description of the best bits of Greece).
Unfortunately for all of us, we then plunged ourselves into the Dark Ages with the Fall of Rome…this wasn't a very good time for anyone, especially not the Tourism Industry which was no more. Everything had gone a bit Pete Tong, and people certainly weren't travelling…with the exception, perhaps of the "pilgrimage": this was a religious tour and inns etc continued to exist, especially on the Christian trail through Rome to Jerusalem (possible akin to the backpacker trail from Cairns to Sydney? Feels a bit like a pilgrimage…). There was even a 13th Century tour guide: Matthew Paris' "Map of the Itinerary from London to Jerusalem." Your other option at this time was to become part of a merchant's convoy. Marco Polo, the name synonymous with children screaming it in the swimming pool when you're quietly trying to read your Kindle, was really a famous traveller himself, famous for his 24 year trip, documented in The Travels of Marco Polo where he was astounded that the Chinese used paper to denominate money!
Travel stayed very much the reserve of the wealthy, as it took a very long time (don't forget we still only had horses at this stage of the game) and you had to be able to take that long off work, leave your dominion, your duties, basically your life. In Tudor times, it was really only the Royals who travelled, and even for them, it wasn't really a holiday, it was more a publicity stunt, so that people were able to see them. In those days, it was called "Progress" and it was just as stressful for the hosts. The Monarch usually travelled with 1,000 people in their party. Our favourite Monarch, Henry VIII, was once so audacious, he took 4,000 with him. Hosts had to have room for all these people, and famously added extra wings to their premises in order to cope. It was normal to ship in extra game to stock their reserves.
During the Renaissance Period, travel remained with the wealthy as infrastructure was still too poor to augment it, and back then, it was only realistic to travel with quite a few soldiers in tow, as bandits and robbers were waiting for you on the road, and pirates were waiting for you in the sea…Inns weren't too traveler friendly either, as they were used more by merchants than holiday makers, where people often had to share a single bed (sounds like Hi-Di-Hi!). You were far better off to stay with friends and relatives as it was safer and more sanitary. However, during this period, thanks to advances in ship-building, men began to explore much further afield…potato, anyone?!
By the 18th Century, the wealthy reprised the Grand Tour started so many hundreds of years ago by the Romans. However, by this time, of course everything the Romans had built had gone to rack and ruin, all their beautiful roads had all but disappeared so the infrastructure was heavy going. Did you know that the writer Mary Shelley wrote the famous novel "Frankenstein" whilst on a Grand Tour?
Thanks to the Industrial Revolution and the invention of the steam train, the Victorians began travelling in earnest, and in 1871 the first "Bank Holiday" was introduced. They began to travel to the seaside for 3 day breaks, hence inventing the "short break". As these increased in popularity, such things as piers, ice cream vendors and donkey rides popped up, coining the phrase "Great British Seaside Holiday". This, in turn, opened opportunities up for the less wealthy, the working classes, to actually have a holiday, and such places as Blackpool and Brighton became popular, with theatres and dance halls making an entrance.
So what were the wealthy onto by this time? Steamboats allowed for foreign travel to places like Paris, Shanghai, Cairo and Niagara Falls. Tour operators were set up to cater for foreign payment, and a type of exchange system was created where travellers could pay the local bank in their own currency, obtaining a note from the bank promising the same value in the local currency. Hence the beginning of Travellers' Cheques…
Smuggling and bribery was rife, as passport control didn't really exist (passports as we know them today were first introduced in 1914 and the blue ones similar to the red ones we have now, were first issued in 1920), and when people wanted to cross the boarders of a country with luxury items, they would usually be taxed heavily. So bribery was the norm.
By the 1920s automobiles we getting cheaper and more accessible, and holiday camps became very popular, certainly in Britain. After the Second World War, the two week annual leave was introduced. This was revolutionary to the man on the street, as "paid holiday" had never been heard of. Suddenly, a holiday was a luxury he could afford!
Then came the "package holiday". Did you know that Corsica, of all places, was the destination of the first ever package holiday? Vladimir Raitz, the inventor, has been indeed hailed as the man who shaped the UK travel industry. He organised charter flights and all-inclusive packages that, in 1950, had never even been heard of.
His inaugural "package holiday" was to the then wild island of Corsica.
He founded his company: "Horizon Holidays" (the name inspired by the view from an aircraft window) and set up his first "package".
11 intrepid travellers gathered at King's Cross in London, 68 years ago, to board a coach which took them to Gatwick, to board a war-surplus Dakota transport plane, which, after re-fuelling in Lyon, landed on an airstrip in Calvi built by the American military in 1943. It took them 6 hours. They stayed in military tents.
What lured them? "Meat-filled meals", the Mediterranean sun and wine at 9p a bottle! And guess what, it cost them £32 10 Shillings all-inclusive of flights, accommodation and "meat-filled meals" which was a massive pull for them, after post-War British austerity. They could hardly believe their luck, as a return flight from Nice to Calvi at that time cost £70, which is equivalent today to £2,200. Indeed, many were reluctant to accept that a "package holiday" could be so cheap. And there it was, the birth of the "package holiday".
Here, is an excellent juncture to mention Benidorm, as the name is now synonymous with the package holiday. With the eve of the possibility of a tourism boom, the then young mayor of Benidorm, a teeny tiny little fishing village on the Costa Blanca, had a bit of a vision. Spain was struggling economically and he encouraged the building of high rise hotels with swimming pools and tennis courts to attract the masses. He even allowed the wearing of bikinis on the beach! Quelle horreur! And some even say, this encouraged more marriages between local people, as the local women didn't want their men to be lured by the bikini clad foreigners! Can you imagine?! The hilarious thing for the Brits is that many of these hotels has ensuite bathrooms. This was completely unheard of at this time in Britain, but certainly encouraged them to add them to their own homes. Even your esteemed writer remembers how "exotic sounding" an ensuite was, and how people used to show off about them…And don't get us started with the bidets…in fact, we still don't really understand what they're for…
By 1972, Benidorm was THE place to go…
However, with the late 90s came the advent of low-cost air travel and also the level of technology, allowing us to "get online" in our own homes, and plan our own trips. Travel programmes on the television inspired us to do our own thing, and from then, the "package holiday" and the now nightmares of Benidorm went into decline.
So what do we do today? What are the latest "Travel Trends"? That's exactly what we're going to examine over the coming articles…the latest, the weirdest, the best advice on what NOT to do, from backpacking and staycations, to sabbaticals, babymoons, retreats, silver surfers and Space. Yup, Space.
We hope you enjoy it!
← Newer Post Home
Backpacking, Part 1
Space, Man


text:
import { ActionTypes as types } from '../../src/constants';
import * as actions from '../../src/actions';
import expect from 'expect';

describe('GameActions', () => {
    it('should create an action to turn a deck card', () => {
        const expectedAction = { type: types.TURN_CARD };
        expect(actions.turnCard()).toEqual(expectedAction);
    });

    it('should create an action to move cards', () => {
        const where = { from: 'FOO', to: 'BAR'};
        const cards = [];
        const expectedAction = {
            type: types.MOVE_CARD,
            payload: {
                where,
                cards
            }
        };
        expect(actions.moveCard(cards, where)).toEqual(expectedAction);
    });
});

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


This section originally offered a selection of interactive games programmed by Eric Solomon using the Java platform. They are in course of redevelopment and won't be back for a while, but I will soon be presenting some simple board and pencil-and-paper games. Meanwhile, you will find a variety of word games in, appropriately enough, the word games section.
Knightcap A knightly tussle for two on a chessboard.
Numbo A nim-like pencil-and-paper game for two.


Georgia's Edible Agriculture Tour is a celebration of the quality and quantity of fresh produce grown right here, in Georgia. The Tour hosts a number of unique dining experiences: intimate meals around the state aimed at strengthening relationships between diners, restaurants and local farmers. All this while enjoying the freshest flavors and inspired dishes by some of our state's leading chefs. Locate the upcoming event nearest you and purchase tickets while they last!