Why would anyone pay if they do not have to?
How can FairPay boost sales volume, revenue and profit?
But why would anyone pay more than just enough?
What other factors might push buyers to pay especially well?
Is this a guessing game, or would there be suggested prices to guide buyers and increase seller control?
Won't buyers just psych out the system and drive a race to the bottom?
Won't cutting off those who pay too little anger many customers?
Does FairPay work across vendors, and does it apply to one-time sales?
Would FairPay be used as a special offer or go on indefinitely?
Will FairPay coexist with conventional pricing?
Can't buyers game the FairPay reputation system by buying under different false IDs?
Is this too much to expect buyers to understand?
Isn't having to think about setting prices going to be burdensome?
What kinds of businesses would this work for, in what forms?
Can you be more specific about how FairPay might work in a specific context?
How hard is it to implement a FairPay pricing system? How do I start?
What is the status of FairPay as a business offering?
Have there been field trials or behavioral economics studies to support this idea?
The answer is simple: Buyers who do not pay will not get further offers.
FairPay will generally be most useful in cases where there is an ongoing relationship between the buyer and one or more sellers. This might be for ongoing purchases of multiple items or services, or for ongoing subscription access, taking the form of a series of limited FairPay offers from the seller in response to a series of FairPay pricing actions by the buyer.
Sellers can be expected to limit the initial FairPay offers that they extend to new customers who lack established FairPay reputations. They might offer only items and quantities that might typically be free (much as with freemium pricing), so that their risk is small. Only after the buyer establishes a history of paying fairly will the seller continue to make FairPay offers for larger quantities or premium items. The benefits to the buyer of not paying will be limited and short-lived. The benefits of paying will continue and grow.
Sellers can be expected to make these consequences clear when they first extend an offer to sell on a FairPay basis. This framing of the offer may be one of the most important opportunities to set the stage for good behavior. The product/service is not offered as "free," nor as simple PWYW, but as Fair PWYW, or perhaps better put as Pay What You Think Fair -- essentially on trial, on approval, and on evaluation.
Perhaps the theme might be that buyers should "pay nicely" -- and sellers will play nicely in return.
Sellers would make it clear that zero is "acceptable" -- with regard to reputation and future consequences -- only when that is arguably fair. Such cases of reasonable fairness in setting a zero price might include cases in which the buyer gives a reason why there is little or no realized value to the buyer (much as is often required for returns), or where only very low quantities are sampled (which might be conventionally understood as a buyer-directed form of free sampling).
Of course a poor reputation need not be irredeemable. Just as recency factors into credit ratings, FairPay reputations would likely consider recency, as well. Even someone who behaved badly some time ago might be given another chance some time later. Care can be taken to assure buyers that they will not be "blackballed" unfairly, without an opportunity to explain or show good faith.
How can FairPay boost sales volume and revenue and profit?
A graphic view of how this self-selecting price discrimination feature of FairPay might dramatically expand revenue capture is given in The FairPay Zone blog post "The Long Tail of Prices -- Uncoil it with FairPay" The green area shows the revenue under standard pricing. The red and amber areas show potential revenue that is lost under standard pricing, but can be realized with FairPay.
The details of how to get good pricing levels will vary for any given seller and product, but in general, buyer behavior can be pushed to increasingly desirable levels by sellers that manage their customer relationship well. Some of this is basic mechanics, and some gets to broader issues.
One basic factor is that much pricing of digital content is done on a flat-rate, "all-you-can-eat" basis because consumers seem to prefer that to a ticking usage meter, even if that is economically inefficient on both sides. FairPay allows buyers to not feel enslaved by usage meters, but to view usage reports as guidance in setting their prices. Thus buyers who are heavy users, and/or who use lots of premium items or services, will recognize that they should pay at relatively high rates -- possibly more than they would under conventional flat-rate pricing.
More generally, being eligible for future FairPay offers can be positioned as not a simple yes or no decision, but one with many levels. Buyers might be told that those who pay better than average will get enhanced offers, those who pay below average will get bare-bones FairPay offers. This might relate to larger amounts of product being made available before a price must be set, access to more premium item types, or other perks. In this respect, FairPay can behave much like freemium.
This might be similar to the perks in frequent flyer programs that provide upgrades, visible recognition and status, and other special privileges. Such methods might even include making some aspects of good payment behavior visible as a status symbol (possibly only for those buyers who seek that kind of "conspicuous FairPayment"). Such perks might be pre-designated, but some hints of surprise bonuses. Such expectations of surprise effects might entice buyers and make it less desirable to try to "psych out" the process to minimize payments.
Also, a good FairPay reputation might depend not only on how well you pay, but on how well you explain why you pay especially well or poorly in specific cases. This would give the seller valuable feedback not just on pricing, but on the merits of their product. Buyers might be given visible recognition for such thoughtful feedback (such as badges) naming them as elite partners, a form of status reward (like top ranked reviewers on Amazon) that consumers might seek to earn and display (with little fear of being seen as crass).
Such methods might be useful not only to move average payers to pay more, but to convert bargain-hunters to be less fixated on price and more on relationship and value.
FairPay also gets to fundamental questions of how businesses relate to their customers, and whether they can change the "conversation" from a zero-sum game of which party can get the most from the other and give the least, to a win-win game, where both parties seek a mutually beneficial value exchange. Society seems to be broadly seeking a more win-win kind of market, and that is just what FairPay is all about. Recent behavioral economics findings and experiments with PWYW pricing have added weight to these ideas. As noted for the previous question, sellers might find various ways to directly incentivize good payments with perks and better deals, but there are many other factors that can add to this as well.
Related to the ideas in The Cluetrain Manifesto of markets as "conversations," Dan Pink's book "Drive" summarizes how current trends are pushing toward more win-win behaviors, building on three motivations: autonomy, mastery, and purpose. FairPay helps change marketplace dialog to exploit exactly those motivations, by giving buyers much more autonomy, opportunities to develop mastery, and ability to reflect their purpose into their pricing decisions. Sellers who position themselves as partners in value exchange, frame their FairPay offers thoughtfully, and work with their customers as partners seeking mutual benefit, will succeed in getting them to pay fairly. Those who do not may find it difficult.
A related aspect of this is how well the seller can position the price paid as being a well-deserved compensation for value creation, and necessary to ensure a continuing supply of value. This obviously factors into the modest success of musicians and game developers with conventional PWYW sales (as for the Radiohead album sale -- why did so many pay more than one cent, and some more than the usual standard price?).
Such positioning is relatively easy for sellers who can claim that most of the price goes to compensation to artists, journalists, or other human contributors. It is also likely to benefit companies that, like Apple, are perceived as being focused on consumer value, or who are recognized for superior service, or for other kinds of social benefit, such as green/sustainable, charitable, etc. Favorable positioning may be more of a challenge for companies that are perceived negatively, or simply as commodity suppliers, especially if not compensated by superior service or other positives.
There are a wide variety of pricing cues that can be provided, and this is an area in which experimentation and ingenuity may be useful to find the best ways to set mutual expectations. Obviously complex behavioral issues are involved here. But in general, FairPay is a dialog that will probably work best with a high degree of openness about decisions and expectations.
Suggested prices may be very desirable, and conventional set prices may also be a good reference point. Depending on context, suggested prices might be lower than set prices but in some situations they might be higher. For example a newspaper might have unlimited subscriptions for $5/month on a conventional basis, and might suggest that light users pay somewhat less than that and the heavy users pay somewhat more, and that those that value their unique journalism add a premium contribution. Similarly those that use only basic features might be suggested to pay less, those that use many premium features to pay more.
Of course there could also be minimum prices as well, in a more limited form of FairPay. While this might be desirable in some contexts (such as where marginal costs are high or free-riding is a big concern), doing that would reduce the appeal of FairPay as a way to give buyers a feeling of freedom and partnership, and confidence that they will not suffer buyer's remorse.
Sellers might also provide reference data on how other buyers have set their prices. These might be averages, or richer views of the distribution of payments (such as 25, 50, and 75 percentiles).
Any of these kinds of reference prices might be set to correspond to the usage and market segments that the buyer belongs to, such as reflecting levels of light or heavy usage, basic or advanced/premium services, and demographic/psychographic segments, including affluence or student/professional status, etc. By framing offers and guiding pricing decisions appropriately, sellers might gain the effect of segmentations that are far more flexible and adaptive than conventional set-price segmentation schemes.
A particularly attractive method is described in a blog post on how suggested prices might be combined with pricing set in terms of a differential above or below the suggested price to seek relatively high control and predictability over buyer-set prices. Such methods facilitate framing dialog on pricing fairness in terms consistent with the seller's perspective.
Won't the pricing cutoff criteria get out on the Internet?
Won't those who find out others paid less be unhappy?
The flexibility and nuance of how FairPay is applied on an individual, dynamic basis can minimize such concerns.
There may well be a segment of bargain hunters who will work hard to find the lowest prices a seller will tolerate. But, depending on the market, that segment might be only 10-50% of the total market. With FairPay, a seller can serve the highly price-conscious market, and generate some profit from them, and, at the same time, incentivize those who are more value-conscious to share a larger portion of their economic "surplus."
Furthermore, those who pay well are less likely to feel suckered, because the offer management and price request process will frame the pricing decision in terms of the particular aspects of their usage, and of the level of premium services or perks they receive. Unlike conventional dynamic prices (like airlines) that are unilaterally set by the seller, the FairPay price is set by the buyer, so it inherently cannot not be deemed unfair by the buyer -- the argument for price differentiation becomes a shared/negotiated argument.
The heart of achieving this is to tailor the offer, and to communicate its framing, such that the user understands the factors affecting a fair dynamic/individualized price (for both buyer and seller), and can make judgments in that context (understanding that other buyers may deserve different prices given different circumstances). The seller's rules can evolve over time and learning, and the seller can tailor the offer to the buyer. (The rules can be further nuanced, such as with the fuzzy logic, neural nets, etc. as used in credit management and fraud alerting).
One example is for newspaper subscriptions or e-books. Here usage becomes one key dynamic factor -- if I never finish a book, I might reasonably pay little. If I refer to it regularly I should pay more. If I read 200 news articles/month I should be willing to pay more than one who reads 40. Again, more for business/finance, less for general interest. More for affluent, etc.
A more advanced example might apply to considerations such as in airline pricing. I might be OK with paying more for last minute seats held for a premium price for last minute travel, but less for excess seats that would go empty. I might pay more if business, less if retired/student. More for no-bump, less for bump at will. Price discrimination is not objectionable if the buyer gets to agree to the rationale for it (with a conventional set-price option as fallback if the two sides diverge).
Rarely, if managed with care. There can be warnings, probations (with continuation of only more limited value offers), etc., to nudge those honestly seeking to play nicely, before sending them back to the set-price fallback. By framing FairPay as a privilege, possibly as a membership program or club, the contingency and responsibilities of the privilege can be made as clear as the benefits.
Another factor that can strengthen the effectiveness of FairPay, as it develops, would be the emergence of shared FairPay infrastructures among multiple vendors to enable cross-vendor collection and sharing of reputation data. This infrastructure might behave much like cross-vendor credit reporting and rating services. Just as with credit reports, consumers will be more inclined to behave well to avoid harming a FairPay pricing reputation that many vendors will rely on.
Such cross-vendor uses of FairPay would also extend its applicability, in that vendors might make offers in situations likely to be one-time sales, and still get significant benefits from FairPay. By using shared reputations derived from previous transactions with other sellers, vendors can decide whether to extend the offer to a customer who is new to them. At the same time, knowing that reports of their pricing experience would go to other vendors would provide strong incentive for the buyer to pay fairly, even with no expectation of further purchases from that one vendor.
In a single-vendor context, FairPay can be expected to be most effective where there is an ongoing relationship, such as for repeat purchases, or subscriptions. Sellers will presumably want to apply Fairpay primarily in contexts where such an ongoing relationship is likely (either with them, or through a multi-vendor FairPay network).
In general, ongoing use would seem desirable. As long as buyers pay fairly, both parties should be happy. The buyer maintains maximum freedom and flexibility, and the seller has a happy customer who pays fairly -- and many more who do the same -- thus hopefully maximizing revenue and profit. Of course the process can end, whether across the board, or for individual buyers.
Overall, a seller may decide that, in his market, this method is just not the best -- and might switch to a more conventional process, or might limit its use in various ways.
With respect to specific buyers, either side might decide they prefer conventional pricing as producing better deals -- or as good enough and simpler.
Sellers may find it desirable to use FairPay only for introductory and light use, or for sampling, and they might require that regular, heavy users pay conventionally.
Finding out how FairPay works relative to conventional alternatives in specific businesses, for specific customer segments, will be a learning process. Sometimes FairPay will not turn out to be best, and sometimes buyers and/or sellers will have difficulty getting it right. Complex behavioral issues are involved, and will vary in different contexts.
Results will also vary depending on how well offers are framed and how well relationships are managed. Sellers who do not manage that part well may find conventional pricing simpler and more suited to their business.
FairPay may often coexist with conventional pricing options, as an optional variation (or as a fallback).
Some buyers may just prefer the simplicity of a set price.
Many sellers will find it best to have set-priced options as an alternative (and/or a penalty) for those who do not play nicely under FairPay, or who are reluctant to try it.
By positioning FairPay as a more flexible, buyer-controlled alternative to conventional pricing, sellers can entice buyers to put in the modest effort needed to consider this new idea.
limiting the value-at-risk outstanding at a given time for any buyer who lacks a well-established positive reputation.
Credit cards are widely used to verify identity (including name and address), without making any charge, and this adds only a modest hurdle to buyers.
To manage identity risk, a seller might typically limit users who have yet to establish good FairPay reputations to low value offers. These might be for small numbers of items, and only for low value item types, and then, as good experience is gained, gradually extended to offer more FairPay "credit" covering larger quantities and more premium item types, as noted just above.
Other fraud protection methods used in e-commerce can also be applied.
That is a concern, but one that we suggest can be managed, and once past an initial learning curve, buyers will find it to be liberating and natural.
Of course it will be important to educate buyers and sellers in how FairPay transactions can work and why they are desirable. FairPay turns many traditional ideas about pricing upside down, and shifts considerable responsibility to the buyer. Sellers will need to provide buyers with clear explanation of the basic process, and how and why their pricing should be fair. A Sample FairPay Offer is provided (for the example of a newspaper subscription) to suggest how this might be done.
Sellers will need to carefully frame their specific FairPay offers to set expectations on value and responsibilities, to define relevant usage metrics, and to facilitate buyer pricing decisions. It will be important to do this well, and to keep early implementations as simple as possible -- but there is no reason why it can't be made reasonably simple, in many useful contexts.
Also, it seems likely that most uses of FairPay will be as complements to conventional pricing options. So to the extent there is a learning barrier for FairPay, in such cases it will simply push customers to the conventional set-price option, rather than turn them away. By positioning FairPay as a more flexible alternative to the standard price offer, many buyers may be motivated to take the trouble to understand how to exploit that more attractive option.
Once buyers and sellers experience the flexibility and nuance that can be realized with FairPay dialog processes, they will come to see how it can actually be more intuitive and sensible than conventional methods. FairPay can liberate both buyers and sellers from the rigidity of conventional pricing, and enable a new level of fluency in pricing.
That is a critical design issue for sellers -- to be successful, a FairPay system must be designed to be very painless for buyers to use.
What this means is that payment decisions for very small purchases need to be aggregated.� FairPay will generally not work well if buyers must think about pricing a single Web page or song or video clip.� But it can work well for a subscription or other bulk purchase (such as a bundle of songs or videos or e-books or apps). This is how most people pay now for mobile phones and cable TV � not per item, but per month, for some large basket of items. FairPay subscriptions might be paid monthly, and once consumers have established good FairPay reputations, price setting might be done only annually. Similarly, buyers could be offered bundles of items, with further bundles to be made available after the prices are set and judged acceptable for the previous bundle.
services that now charge a high rate, and seek to broaden their market with a more limited FairPay option for low-end market segments.
FairPay it is also applicable to physical products and services, as well, especially for those with low marginal cost (such as CDs/DVDs), or with low cost tie-ins (such as product service and support, and other product related services).� PWYW has been found (references) to be effective for some kinds physical products (especially as a way to attract new customers), so FairPay should perform even better.
A working paper on FairPay Application/Market Segments summarizes how various specific business segments might apply FairPay processes.
FairPay pricing processes can be applied by individual providers of products/services, or more broadly as cross-vendor networks of FairPay sellers that pool FairPay reputation data much as credit reporting is done across vendors. FairPay infrastructures can be developed by individual seller businesses, or by platform providers to such businesses.
Sure. Please see the working paper on FairPay Application/Market Segments (mentioned for the previous question) for links to blog posts that explore specific business use cases, and check the FairPay Zone Blog for recent additions. Some brief examples are also given in the introductory article on FairPay.
Depending on the business context and the level of sophistication desired, implementation effort can range from very simple to reasonably complex. In many contexts, useful FairPay implementations can be done by an individual seller company without great effort.
As a very beneficial partial step toward FairPay, one option is to introduce FairPay in just a survey mode, in which transactions are done conventionally but buyers can indicate if they feel they should pay more or less, and give their reasons. Such a survey mode can generate valuable data on customers, and begin a mode of dialog that can set the stage for full use of FairPay. This lets a seller get his toes wet by starting a structured dialog with buyers about what they want and how they value it, without need to integrate with live pricing systems or put any revenue at risk.
Cross-vendor FairPay platform services can build the infrastructure for managing offers, tracking pricing actions, and maintaining reputation databases, and make that available to even low-end sellers to exploit with simple Web services. Such cross-vendor services can also pool FairPay reputation data, so that even small sellers might have access to high value reputation data on large numbers of buyers, even for one-time sales.
If you are interested in starting to use FairPay pricing processes, please contact us.
Current information is now in the Overview.
Behavioral economic research on PWYW and related pricing issues, and studies and reports on field trials of PWYW in various forms are very supportive of the value of FairPay as described here. There have been numerous studies of PWYW in both real-world and theoretic contexts, and their findings indicate that such methods can be far more effective than many people might expect. Selected references are discussed in the Resource Guide to Pricing.


text:
Paul's Books
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Tag: slavery
What's Your Slavery Percentage?
Very few things in human life are truly all or nothing. Almost everything works on a sliding scale, even slavery. The problem is, very few people have ever studied slavery, leaving them with a few emotional slogans instead of actual knowledge.
A Roman slave in a major city, for example, could start and run his own business, might be very rich, and might even become a major intellectual, like Epictetus. A Roman slave working in a mine… well… that was about as bad as it gets.
So, all-or-nothing representations of slavery are false and more often than not are propaganda. This being the case, a question sits in front of us: How enslaved are we? People sometimes get very upset over such questions, but not because they're invalid. They get upset because they don't want to confront such thoughts.
Believing that truth matters, however, I've decided to raise the question.
What Slavery Really Is
Slavery is a type of economic skim. It's primarily an economic tool… surrounded by creative justifications, of course. A slave's surplus ("profit" or "retained earnings") is transferred to his or her owner. Physical control of the slave serves this purpose – to keep his or her surplus coming in. (We examined this in issue #32 of the subscription letter.)
So, if you keep all of your surplus, you are not at all economically enslaved. If you keep half of your surplus, you're 50% economically enslaved.
But while slavery is primarily an economic thing, our freedom of action can be restricted as well, and that's also a type of slavery. And like economics, freedom of action can be restrained partially rather than completely, and usually is.
Freedom – or liberty – on the other hand, is the state of being unrestrained.
If what I've written above is true or even mostly true, we can experience various percentages of slavery. In fact, by clinging to the old, all-or-nothing propaganda regarding slavery, we end up deceiving ourselves.
Here, for example, is a very simple calculation of a slavery percentage:
African slave, Alabama plantation, 1830
Economic slavery: 98%
Choice (other than economic): 70%
Overall slavery: 84%
In this case, the slave made very few economic choices – they could trade among themselves – but they could usually do things like mate as they saw fit, which does, after all, matter. So, the net percentage came out to 84%. That's still horrific, but it's not "complete slavery."
Here's another example:
English serf, 1300 AD
Choice slavery: 50%
Overall slavery: 47.5%
This one is tricky. The serf owed his lord a number days of labor per month, averaging at most a third of his time. For the rest of the time he could work his own land as he pleased, but he couldn't simply leave.
Adding to the complexity, he had a medieval version of a retirement plan: After he was too old to work he was still allowed to eat and couldn't be put out of his house.
So, I gave him a 45% for economic slavery and 50% for free choice, coming to 47.5% overall.
Two more examples:
American baker, 1890
During this period, the only taxes facing the working man were tarrifs and a few local extractions. (There's a reason longshoremen and bakers were able to build grand houses in those days.) As for choices, there were social pressures on people, but that's not slavery, as force was seldom used. Still, to be charitable, I've given that a 15% as well.
American plumber, 2016
The modern American loses 50% of his earnings at the state, local, and national levels. In addition, he or she loses a great deal of money in pass-through taxes, taxes that businesses pay and pass on to you. I went to 60% on this, but that figure may be low, as frightening as that may be.
As for choices, those are dying by the day. Hundreds of medical choices are now forbidden, many types of employment are forbidden without state-approved certificates (aka diplomas), and much, much more. So, I think my 40% figure is not high and may in fact be quite reasonable.
"Wait… Worse than Serfs?"
That's the usual freakout response. But in terms of slavery, yes, it seems so. I agree that serfs didn't have the technology we do, but machines don't negate slavery. Keeping our surplus and making unopposed choices negate slavery.
And I think you can see by comparing the 1890 and 2016 calculations why standards of living and the development of new technologies skyrocketed during the 19th century.
Disagree?
It won't bother me if you disagree; I haven't spent months putting together unchallengeable numbers on all of this. Neither has anyone else, which is the problem. These are "back of the envelope" calculations.
But if you do disagree, don't just pass it off. Have the guts to run the numbers on your own. Consider each of the points mentioned above, using honest, best-guess figures. Calculate, and face the conclusion head on.
A book that generates comments like these, from actual readers, might be worth your time:
I just finished reading The Breaking Dawn and found it to be one of the most thought-provoking, amazing books I have ever read… It will be hard to read another book now that I've read this book… I want everyone to read it.
Such a tour de force, so many ideas. And I am amazed at the courage to write such a book, that challenges so many people's conceptions.
There were so many points where it was hard to read, I was so choked up.
Holy moly! I was familiar with most of the themes presented in A Lodging of Wayfaring Men, but I am still trying to wrap my head around the concepts you presented at the end of this one.
Get it at Amazon ($18.95) or on Kindle: ($5.99)
www.freemansperspective.com
Author FMPadmin6120Posted on October 11, 2016 Categories UncategorizedTags freedom, slavery5 Comments on What's Your Slavery Percentage?
And the Credit for Defeating Slavery in America Goes to… Criminals!
If you're like me, you learned in school that the slaves of the old American South were freed by Abraham Lincoln, or at least by the central government of the United States. I believed that for a long time, and was not only surprised, but troubled, when I learned otherwise.
But as I dug through the facts about slavery in the South, I found the same pattern that I've seen over and over when I examined historical turns for the better: that the true benefactors were opposed and punished.
The people who did the actual work to end slavery were regarded as criminals by every level of the United States government, from Congress and the Supreme Court, down to the local sheriff. The laws of the United States enforced slavery, and powerfully so. Anyone who broke those laws was hunted and punished, exactly the same as ordinary criminals are now.
The Criminals, North and South
There is enough information on the criminals of the North to describe them fairly well. There is relatively little information available on the criminals of the South. For example, look at this map of the Underground Railroad, a people-smuggling network:
Notice that nearly all of the smuggling routes shown are in the North. All the slaves who reached them, however, had to get there via routes in the South. There was a vast network of Southerners who guided slaves northward. As of today, very little information is available about these people, which is unfortunate.
Every person involved with the Underground Railroad was a criminal. For example, one section of the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 reads as follows:
Any person who shall knowingly and willingly obstruct, hinder, or prevent such claimant, his agent or attorney… from arresting such a fugitive from service or labor… or shall rescue, or attempt to rescue, such fugitive from service or labor… or shall harbor or conceal such fugitive, so as to prevent the discovery and arrest of such person… shall… be subject to a fine not exceeding one thousand dollars, and imprisonment not exceeding six months… and shall moreover forfeit and pay, by way of civil damages to the party injured by such illegal conduct, the sum of one thousand dollars for each fugitive so lost.
(At that time, a thousand dollars would buy a comfortable house.)
A Small Rogues Gallery
Here are a few of the criminals who ended slavery:
Thomas Garrett, born into a prosperous family in Pennsylvania, was a station master on the last stop of the Underground Railroad in Delaware. In 1846, he and a friend named John Hunn were tried and found guilty of helping a family of slaves escape. Because he organized the escape, Garrett was fined $5,400. (Between the two of them, they were involved at least in six trials.)
Garrett smuggled or helped to smuggle 2,700 slaves to freedom, so you can see what kind of damage these people wrought on the economies of slave labor. And here's another aspect of this illegal smuggling trade: throughout the Civil War, Garrett's house was guarded by the grateful free Negroes of Wilmington.
Levi Coffin, from a respectable family in North Carolina, became an abolitionist at seven years of age, after asking a slave in a chain gang why he was bound. The man replied that it was to prevent him from escaping and returning to his wife and children.
In his early twenties, Coffin and his cousin started a Sunday School to teach slaves to read the Bible. The plan was soon crushed by slaveholders, who forced them to close the school.
A few years later, Coffin married his long-time friend Catherine White, and they moved to Indiana, where he became a local business leader and was able to supply money, food, clothing, and transportation for smuggling operations.
Coffin's life was frequently threatened by slave-hunters, who often invaded his home—something that was permitted by law. And, he was expelled from his church.
Calvin Fairbank was born into a religious family in Pike, New York, in 1816. He began to oppose slavery after befriending two escaped slaves at a Methodist meeting. By the time he was 21 years old, he was smuggling slaves across the Ohio River on a lumber raft. Soon he was delivering runaway slaves to Levi Coffin for further transportation to safer locations.
Fairbank became a minister in 1842. A short time later, following the complex rescue of a slave family, someone ratted him out to the government. Both Fairbank and his accomplice, a teacher from Vermont named Delia Webster, were arrested. Webster served less than two months of her sentence, but Fairbank received a 15-year term and no leniency.
Nonetheless, Lewis Hayden, the slave who Fairbank had freed, raised enough money to pay off his former master, and Fairbank obtained a pardon after four years in prison.
Two years later, Fairbank helped a slave named Tamar escape from Kentucky to Indiana. With the help from the governor of Indiana, marshals from Kentucky abducted Fairbank and took him back to their state for trial. He was sentenced to 15 years in the state penitentiary, where he was singled out for exceptionally harsh treatment, including flogging and overwork.
Finally, in 1864 (and after suffering through twelve years of harsh imprisonment), he was pardoned by an acting governor. Prison, however, had broken Fairbank's health. Although he was able to hold jobs with missionary and benevolent societies, he was never again able to support his family.
The people of Syracuse. Reverend Luther Lee, pastor of the Wesleyan Methodist Church of Syracuse, New York, wrote this about the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850:
I never would obey it. I had assisted thirty slaves to escape to Canada during the last month. If the authorities wanted anything of me, my residence was at 39 Onondaga Street. I would admit that and they could take me and lock me up in the Penitentiary on the hill; but if they did such a foolish thing as that I had friends enough in Onondaga County to level it to the ground before the next morning.
Local officials in the North sometimes refused to enforce Federal laws on slavery. In fact, the secession resolution of Georgia complains specifically about this:
For above twenty years the non-slave-holding States generally have wholly refused to deliver up to us persons charged with crimes affecting slave property. They shield and give sanctuary to all criminals who seek to deprive us of this property.
The people of Milwaukee—5,000 of them—stormed the Milwaukee jail in 1854 and released an escaped slave named Joshua Glover. They then sent him onward to Canada. A man named Sherman Booth, who instigated the rescue, was pursued by government officials for years and either jailed or fined a number of times.
These actions, and thousands more like them, are what really killed slavery in America. Politicians came in later to formalize it and to soak up the credit.
"Yeah, but they weren't real criminals."
If you are tempted to say this about the people we've mentioned above, take a moment to think about this statement, because it places you firmly in the camp of the wild-eyed radicals.
What you're saying is that all of us have the right to ignore laws made by "democracy." You're saying that you, personally, have every right to place your judgment above the state's.
I happen to agree with you—as does the entire length of the Judeo-Christian tradition—but by saying that, you are spitting on Democracy™ and demeaning your heroic politicians.
Everything governmental, official, and legal said that the men and women we've mentioned were criminals. Not only that, but they suffered as criminals—some by way of prisons and fines, and all of them, continually, by having the sword of the state hanging over their heads.
Mr. Lincoln and the FedGuv Legend
I suppose that I shouldn't conclude a piece like this without addressing Mr. Lincoln and the legend of the noble Northern government. I will do this briefly.
While Lincoln wasn't particularly a supporter of slavery, he wasn't a serious opponent of it either. His famous Emancipation Proclamation of 1863 was merely a war tactic. It only "freed" slaves in the South, and it even excluded five slave states (Kentucky, Maryland, Delaware, Missouri, and Tennessee). Lincoln's Secretary of State, William Seward, said this about it:
We show our sympathy with slavery by emancipating slaves where we cannot reach them and holding them in bondage where we can set them free.
As for the US government in general, it was very slow in dealing with slavery. Other countries abolished slavery and/or the slave trade in these years:
Denmark and Norway, 1803
Haiti, 1804
Mexico, 1810
Spain, 1811
Uruguay, 1814
The Netherlands, 1814
Greece, 1822
Bolivia, 1831
The Ottoman Empire, 1847
Columbia, 1851
Venezuela, 1854
The fact is that slavery was torn apart by thousands of individuals who were criminalized, hunted, and punished by Washington, DC, and most of the state governments. (Congress even criminalized Northern officials who didn't help slave hunters.) The story I learned in school was a falsehood, constructed around cherry-picked facts.
Truth be told, nearly all significant moves in new, positive directions are opposed by the powers that be… wherever and whenever they may be.
"All that is really great and inspiring," said Albert Einstein, "is created by the individual who can labor in freedom." And institutions—of which governments are the largest and most aggressive—exist by controlling (and thus limiting) the exercise of individual will.
This article was originally published by Casey Research.
Author FMPadmin6120Posted on August 8, 2014 Categories UncategorizedTags criminals, slavery1 Comment on And the Credit for Defeating Slavery in America Goes to… Criminals!
What the World Would Be Like Without Capitalism
Some people say that the search for profit is abusive, heartless, evil, and so on. I'm not particularly in love with profit for its own sake (and I certainly don't think it justifies abuse), but a reflexive condemnation of profit is deeply ignorant.
The truth is, "profit" killed the ancient abomination of human slavery. To eliminate the ability of people to profit would draw slavery back into the world. And we obviously don't want that.
Slavery Was an Economic System
What is not understood is that slavery was the foundation of economics in the old world – such as in Greece and Rome.
Slavery was almost entirely about surplus. (Surrounded by creative justifications, of course.) It was a type of enforced thrift.
An undeveloped man, left to himself, will spend almost all of what he earns. If he does earn some surplus, he'll likely spend it on luxuries, frivolities, or worse. Until he develops a strong character, little of his surplus will remain for other uses.
A slave, on the other hand, never holds his earnings in his hands and therefore cannot spend them. All surplus is transferred to his or her owner. It was precisely this kind of surplus that made Rome rich.
But then Christian Europe came about. Prior to that, I cannot point to a single ancient culture that forbade the practice; it was seen as normal. So, for Europe to expel the slavery it inherited from Rome was a monumental change.
Europeans replaced slavery – slowly and because of their Christian principles, not because of a conscious plan – by doing these things:
Developing personal thrift. This required a strong focus on building up virtues like temperance (self-control) and patience.
Replacing the enforced surplus of slavery with profit. That is, by mixing creativity in with their commerce: innovating, inventing, and adapting to get more surplus out of commerce.
Under a new system that was eventually tagged capitalism, thrift and creativity generated surplus, and no human beings had to be enslaved.
A World Without Profit
On the other hand, we have recent examples of what happens when a culture forbids profit: the "socialist paradises" of Stalin's USSR, Mao's China, and the enslaved states of Eastern Europe. (Among others.)
These examples are bleak indeed, featuring the enslavement of everyone to a ruling party.
Profit provides an incentive to work, and when it is gone, not only does work suffer, but those who want to get ahead have no honest way to do it. And that drives them either to despair or to crime.
If you eliminate profit – innovative, rewarding commerce – you get slavery. The form of that slavery may vary from one case to another, but it will be slavery of some type.
This result is the same, by the way, whether the elimination of profit occurs via communism (make a profit, we shoot you) or fascism (all profit-making is taken over by friends of the state).
The core issue is surplus:
If surplus can be gathered by average people via honest means, slavery can be eliminated.
If average people are not allowed to create and hold their own surplus (surplus being skimmed off to the state and/or state partners), slavery of one sort or another will be the result.
Profit is simply a tool – a way of generating surplus without the enforced thrift of slavery.
You cannot get rid of both slavery and profit. You can eliminate whichever one you wish, but you'll be stuck with the other.
Profit Rests on Virtues
To live in a civilization that prospers by profit, we need to move beyond gorilla-level instincts like envy. We need to develop self-control, patience, and a focus on more than just material possessions.
It's a shame that the West has turned away from traditional virtues over recent centuries. If the Church that previously taught these virtues was found to be wanting, we should have replaced it with something better, rather than casting everything aside and pretending that virtues were nothing but superstition.
If we ever lose enough of our virtues, profit will lose its protections, and the ancient way of slavery will return.
What we do matters.
FreemansPerspective.com
Author FMPadmin6120Posted on November 19, 2013 Categories UncategorizedTags capitalism, Christianity, economy, slavery63 Comments on What the World Would Be Like Without Capitalism
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
La battaglia di Pliska fu combattuta tra Bizantini al comando diretto di Niceforo I e Bulgari del Khan Krum il 26 luglio 811; si concluse in una delle più disastrose sconfitte nella storia dell'Impero.

Spedizione di Niceforo I contro i Bulgari
Approfittando di una lotta per la successione che aveva indebolito il califfato, l'Imperatore d'Oriente Niceforo I decise di risolvere una volta per tutte il problema dei Bulgari, che sotto la guida del loro re Krum avevano espanso di molto i loro domini e che ora erano più che mai una temibile minaccia per la sopravvivenza dello stato bizantino. Invece di incitare i popoli delle steppe contro i Bulgari, decise di contare unicamente sulle proprie forze.

L'esercito bizantino raccolto da Niceforo per la spedizione venne così descritto da Teofane, cronista ostile a Niceforo:

I temi citati da Teofane dovrebbero essere quelli degli Ottimati, Opsiciani e Bucellari, dato che gli altri temi dell'Asia Minore dovevano tenere a freno eventuali incursioni arabe, e dunque non potevano essere utilizzati contro i Bulgari. Secondo la Cronaca bizantina dell'anno 811 Niceforo portò nella sua spedizione «tutti i patrizi e i comandanti e i dignitari, tutti i tagmata e anche i figli degli archontes che avevano almeno quindici anni, con cui costituì un corteggio da destinare al proprio figlio, cui diede il nome di hikanatoi [i più degni].»

Niceforo riunì a quanto pare un esercito immenso in modo da vincere i Bulgari sfruttando la sua superiorità numerica, infatti la cronaca dell'811 riporta che per il timore di affrontare in battaglia il numericamente superiore esercito bizantino i Bulgari «abbandonarono tutto quello che avevano con loro e cercarono rifugio sulle montagne». Le prime battaglie furono favorevoli ai Bizantini, al punto che Krum implorò più volte la pace ma Niceforo rifiutò sempre. I Bizantini arrivarono addirittura a occupare la capitale dei Bulgari, Pliska, e a saccheggiare il palazzo reale fatto in legno. Teofane, essendo molto ostile a Niceforo, dice che tenne il tesoro di Krum per sé, mentre al contrario la Cronaca dell'811 dice che Niceforo fu generoso:

Lasciata e distrutta la capitale, i cui palazzi erano in legno, l'esercito bizantino si inoltrò nel cuore della Bulgaria, saccheggiandola. Krum, disperato, implorò la pace:

Ma Niceforo rifiutò e di conseguenza Krum preparò la controffensiva. Ingaggiò gli Avari e gli Slavi e con palizzate chiuse tutti i punti di accesso e di uscita dalla Bulgaria con barriere di legno: queste, oltre a rendere difficile ai Bizantini il ritorno in patria potevano proteggere i soldati bulgari che lanciavano proiettili dalle frecce bizantine e permettere ai Bulgari di sparare frecce attraverso le fessure del legno. Dopodiché i Bulgari attaccarono i Bizantini.

Battaglia
I soldati bizantini ancora mezzi addormentati vennero attaccati a sorpresa dai Bulgari che si avventarono sull'accampamento imperiale, massacrando molti soldati bizantini. Il resto dell'esercito tentò la fuga attraversando un fiume paludoso molto difficile da attraversare, ma non trovando un guado si gettarono in acqua con il risultato che molti annegarono nella traversata, formando con i loro corpi una sorta di "ponte" che permise ai Bulgari all'inseguimento di attraversare il fiume senza pericolo. Mentre i pochi superstiti all'attraversamento del fiume sembravano ormai aver raggiunto la salvezza, si trovarono di fronte delle palizzate che sbarravano il loro cammino; quando cercarono di scavalcarla, videro che oltre essa i Bulgari avevano scavato un fossato, nel quale i Bizantini caddero spezzandosi le gambe, che impeìdì loro di sopravvivere o proseguire il loro cammino verso la salvezza. Vedendo altre palizzate, i Bizantini tentarono di incendiarle, ma cadevano comunque con i loro cavalli nei fossati infuocati oltre la palizzata. Durante il primo scontro Niceforo venne decapitato, rendendosi il primo imperatore romano a cadere in battaglia dopo Valente, e dopo la battaglia Krum fece una coppa con il suo teschio.

Conseguenze
Nonostante la sconfitta avesse causato la perdita di molti soldati, l'Impero riuscì a sopravvivere alla minaccia bulgara. La guerra civile che affliggeva il califfato arabo permise infatti all'Impero di impiegare le truppe tematiche dell'Armenia e dell'Anatolia contro Krum. Nel frattempo Krum indugiava perché era consapevole che prima di assediare Costantinopoli avrebbe dovuto costruire una potente flotta con cui porre blocco navale alla città e costruire anche potenti macchine d'assedio. A tal fine ingaggiò disertori bizantini esperti nella guerra navale (campo in cui i Bulgari avevano grosse carenze) tra cui un esperto arabo convertitosi al cristianesimo passato dalla parte del nemico - insinua velenoso Teofane (ostile come sempre a Niceforo) - per colpa dell'avarizia dell'Imperatore.

Mentre i Bulgari facevano i preparativi per un'invasione in grande stile, a Costantinopoli veniva eletto Imperatore il figlio di Niceforo Stauracio, ma poiché aveva subito una grave ferita che gli impediva di esercitare le sue doti di sovrano, abdicò dopo pochi mesi in favore di Michele I Rangabe, curopalate. Michele I, pressato dai Bulgari, si affrettò a concludere la pace con Carlo Magno riconoscendogli il titolo di Imperatore (ma non quello di Imperatore dei Romani) per potersi concentrare con tutte le sue forze sul fronte bulgaro. A causa del tradimento delle truppe dello strategos Leone, i Bizantini subirono una nuova sconfitta contro Krum e Michele fu costretto ad abdicare dal già citato strategos Leone, che divenne così Imperatore con il nome di Leone V.

Leone V tentò di risolvere la questione bulgara attirando in un'imboscata il re bulgaro ma Krum riuscì a sfuggire per un pelo alla cattura e per vendetta devastò la Tracia. Perì poco dopo (814), con grossa fortuna per i Bizantini dato che, dopo due brevi regni di transizione, salì sul trono di Bulgaria Omurtag che concluse con Bisanzio una tregua trentennale, che fu vantaggiosa per i Bulgari ma diede a Bisanzio il tempo per recuperare energie.

Note

Bibliografia
Fonti primarie
 Cronaca dell'anno 811.
 Teofane Confessore, Cronaca.

Fonti secondarie

Pliska

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
package models;

import de.uniulm.omi.cloudiator.common.os.OperatingSystemArchitecture;
import de.uniulm.omi.cloudiator.common.os.OperatingSystemFamily;
import de.uniulm.omi.cloudiator.common.os.OperatingSystemVersion;
import models.generic.Model;

import javax.annotation.Nullable;
import javax.persistence.*;
import java.util.List;

import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkNotNull;

/**
 * Created by daniel on 04.11.14.
 */
@Entity public class OperatingSystem extends Model
    implements de.uniulm.omi.cloudiator.common.os.OperatingSystem {

    @Column(nullable = false) @Enumerated(EnumType.STRING) private OperatingSystemArchitecture
        operatingSystemArchitecture;

    @Column(nullable = false) @Enumerated(EnumType.STRING) private OperatingSystemFamily
        operatingSystemFamily;

    @Nullable private String version;

    @OneToMany(mappedBy = "operatingSystem") private List<Image> images;

    /**
     * Empty constructor for hibernate.
     */
    protected OperatingSystem() {
    }

    public OperatingSystem(OperatingSystemArchitecture operatingSystemArchitecture,
        OperatingSystemFamily operatingSystemFamily, @Nullable String version) {

        checkNotNull(operatingSystemArchitecture);
        checkNotNull(operatingSystemFamily);

        this.operatingSystemArchitecture = operatingSystemArchitecture;
        this.operatingSystemFamily = operatingSystemFamily;
        this.version = version;
    }

    public OperatingSystem(de.uniulm.omi.cloudiator.common.os.OperatingSystem operatingSystem) {
        checkNotNull(operatingSystem);
        this.operatingSystemArchitecture = operatingSystem.operatingSystemArchitecture();
        this.operatingSystemFamily = operatingSystem.operatingSystemFamily();
        this.version = operatingSystem.operatingSystemVersion().name().orElse(null);
    }

    @Override public OperatingSystemFamily operatingSystemFamily() {
        return operatingSystemFamily;
    }

    @Override public OperatingSystemArchitecture operatingSystemArchitecture() {
        return operatingSystemArchitecture;
    }

    @Override public OperatingSystemVersion operatingSystemVersion() {
        if (version == null) {
            return OperatingSystemVersion.unknown();
        }
        return OperatingSystemVersion
            .of(version, operatingSystemFamily.operatingSystemVersionFormat());
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
LETTER: Mayor Diaz owes many apologies for Petrick smears
Supposed revelations about Facebook posts were distorted
LETTER: Mayor Diaz owes many apologies for Petrick smears Supposed revelations about Facebook posts were distorted Check out this story on mycentraljersey.com: https://www.mycentraljersey.com/story/opinion/readers/2018/10/30/letter-mayor-diaz-owes-many-apologies-petrick-smears/38331933/
Published 2:03 p.m. ET Oct. 30, 2018
Perth Amboy Mayor Wilda Diaz.(Photo: ~File photo)
In September, Mayor Wilda Diaz of Perth Amboy and her inner circle started a smear campaign against Council President William Petrick with false accusations. I wrote a letter detailing how Mayor Diaz and her campaign staff knew about Council President Petrick's right wing facebook reposting's back in 2016 and saved it to manufacture a smear campaign.
After that, they still sought his support, endorsement, and made him Council President, so why the outrage now and not back in 2016 or 2017?
I believe Mayor Diaz and her inner circle will do anything to win an election even if they have to smear a person's reputation with orchestrated misreporting and false allegations. I did not believe their accusations about Mr. Petrick back in 2016, 2017 or now in 2018.
Originally, I too fell for their deceitful tactics in 2016 when I was first presented with Mr. Petrick's facebook reposting by the Diaz team. I have known Mr. Petrick for several years and for me it was out of character. I did my own research regarding Mr. Petrick's Facebook page. This is what I discovered:
He was reposting all different types of political views: for and against: Republicans and Democrats, right wing, left wing, conservative, liberal, moderate, for Trump, for Hillary, for Bernie, for Obama, for guns, against guns, for women, against slavery, for civil rights, for "take a knee", against "take a knee", against discrimination, for immigrants, against illegal immigrants, for Latinas, for Dominicans, for Puerto Ricans, for Mexicans, for Latinos.
This is why I believe Mr. Petrick when he stated; "I am fairly unfamiliar with Facebook and I'm not making excuses for my naiveté, but my intent was just to inform, and stimulate conversation which is evident by all the other posts on my page including support for local causes and events and lots of posts on food."
Mayor Diaz, you and several people in your inner circle owe Council President Petrick, his family, the residents of Perth Amboy, the media, the #MeToo movement, Latino groups, statewide leaders and the entire public an apology for your premeditated character assignation and intentional deceitful misreporting of Mr. Petrick.
I have female family members and close friends that unfortunately have been victims of real abuse, discrimination and misogyny. Through your disgraceful actions you have watered down real movements and group's effort to expose abusers and hold them accountable. You have also intentionally divided our beautiful diverse city with your orchestrated misreporting to ruin an innocent person's life.
We deserve better. Perth Amboy deserves better.
As for Mr. Petrick, this is my advice for you and other victims:
"When a toxic person can no longer control you, they will try to control how others see you. The misinformation will feel unfair, but stay above it, trusting that other people will eventually see the truth, just like you did." – Jill Blakeway
Helmin J. Caba, Councilman and Democratic Chair, Perth Amboy
Read or Share this story: https://www.mycentraljersey.com/story/opinion/readers/2018/10/30/letter-mayor-diaz-owes-many-apologies-petrick-smears/38331933/


text:
package main

import (
	"fmt"

	"github.com/jrudio/one-time-plex/server/datastore"
)

func streamGuard(react <-chan plexUserNotification, db datastore.Store, plexConnection *plexServer, hasPlexPass bool) {
	if isVerbose {
		fmt.Println("firing up plex event listener...")
	}

	for {
		select {
		case r := <-react:
			fmt.Printf("user id: %s, rating key (media id): %s, and current time: %d\n", r.userID, r.ratingKey, r.currentTime)
			userInStore, err := db.GetUser(r.userID)

			if err != nil {
				fmt.Printf("failed to retrieve user from datastore with id of %s\n", r.userID)
				continue
			}

			// end stream
			if userInStore.AssignedMedia.ID != r.ratingKey {
				fmt.Printf("\t%s (%s) is not allowed to watch %s\n\tattempting to terminate stream...\n", userInStore.Name, userInStore.PlexUserID, r.ratingKey)

				if hasPlexPass {
					// plex pass - will stop playback on whatever player the user is using
					if err := plexConnection.TerminateSession(r.sessionID, "You are not allowed to watch this"); err != nil {
						fmt.Printf("failed to terminate session id %s: %v\n", r.sessionID, err)
					}
				} else {
					fmt.Println("\tclient id:", r.clientID)

					// we cannot use StopPlayback if the user is watching via web browser
					// so we must remove their access to our library
					if r.playerType == "Plex Web" {
						fmt.Println("\tuser is watching via web player -- we must remove their access to library")
						// if err := removeFriendAccess(r.userID, plexConnection); err != nil {
						// 	fmt.Printf("failed to revoke friend's access (%s):  %v", r.userID, err)
						// 	continue
						// }

						// userInStore.IsFriend = false

						// if err := db.SaveUser(userInStore); err != nil {
						// 	fmt.Printf("saving user failed when trying to modify IsFriend on %s: %v\n",
						// 		userInStore.Name,
						// 		err)
						// }
						continue
					}

					// non-plex pass - we can only prevent the user from downloading more data from server
					if plexConnection.StopPlayback(r.clientID); err != nil {
						fmt.Printf("failed to stop playback for user %s (%s), session %s\n", userInStore.Name, r.userID, r.sessionID)
					}
				}

			}
		}
	}

}

// func removeFriendAccess(userid string, plexConnection *plexServer) error {
// 	_, err := plexConnection.RemoveFriendAccessToLibrary(userid, plexConnection.machineID, plexConnection.serverID)

// 	return err
// }


2 bedroom/2.5 bath End Unit in popular Cedar Walk! Main living area offers open floor plan, fireplace, wood floors. Updated kitchen with, light gray cabinets, quartz counters, stainless appliances, and breakfast bar. Beautiful dining area with picture frame moldings and access to the private, tumbled paver fenced patio, Second floor features two, spacious master bedrooms with walk-in closets and Bathrooms each with separate tub and shower and granite counters. $60 non refundable application fee for every person over 18 years of age.


My favorite movies are Breakfast Club and Pretty Woman. My favorite songs are Bad Romance and How. I love Lady Gaga and Maroon 5. My favorite quote is "A comfort zone is a beautiful place, but nothing ever grows there."
Seeing my son for the first time.


Research published by the People's Dispensary for Sick Animals has claimed that obesity, illness and aggression will cause major issues amongst the country's pet population in the future if they are not remedied quickly. Bolton Business Owner Stephen Ward calls for owners to provide essential training to prevent anti-social behaviours, and education to ensure animal health and welfare to combat the problem of dangerous pets and problem re-homing.
Research published by the People's Dispensary for Sick Animals has claimed that obesity, illness and aggression will cause major issues amongst the country's pet population in the future if they are not remedied quickly.
The charity revealed that 1.3 million dogs displayed 'problem behaviour' with 30% of owners being attacked or bitten by their pet. 51% of owners also reported that they knew someone who had been bitten or attacked by a dog. A separate survey of children reported that 65% had been scared or frightened by a dog displaying problem behaviour.
The PDSA report declared that the primary cause of anti-social behaviour was due to the dogs not receiving an adequate level of obedience training and socialisation skills at a young age. Dog owners who fail to obedience-train and socialise their pets at a young age are causing 'frightening' levels of problem behaviour. The PDSA also recommends that schools should teach children how to be good owners after the research highlighted 'fundamental' gaps in their knowledge about animal welfare.
The research also revealed that 33% of pet owners aged 18-24 would consider re-homing their pet if the financial aspect became too much of a burden and 20% said the cost of owning an animal was far greater than what they'd first anticipated.
75% of pet owners polled estimate that owning an average dog would cost them less than £5,000, and 25% thought it would cost even less, quoting just £1,000.
'That figure is particularly worrying, as it suggests that the owners are unaware of the actual cost of having a dog and would be completely unequipped to deal with unexpected costs,' says Heights Farm Premium Pet Foods owner, Stephen Ward who supplies wheat free dog food and hypoallergenic dog food.
The PDSA estimates that the average dog costs can range between £16,000 and £31,000 over a lifetime, whilst a single cat is around £17,000. These quotations include grooming, toys and food, as well as micro-chipping, boosters, insurance, initial vaccinations and neutering.
The PDSA research also revealed that 18.5 million cats, dogs and rabbits are given unhealthy diets and treats despite owners being well aware of the consequences to their health, according to the research.
The PDSA research noted that 11.2 million UK pets are not vaccinated or neutered, increasing the risk of them contracting serious illnesses.
The PDSA research revealed that 61% of UK dogs had not attended obedience classes or some form of training within their first six months, which can lead to anti-social behaviour and in worse cases, re-homing.
'Aside from the financial costs, it is your responsibility to ensure that your pet has the best possible start in life by being neutered, vaccinated and trained at an early age.' Stephen Ward owns Heights Farm Premium Pet Foods that supplies natural meal options, such as salmon and potato dog food.


text:
After Autism, Another Baby
By Monica Rizzo
EZEKIEL CZAR MARTIN SEPT. 8, 2009
Whether playing Martin Lawrence's brazen girlfriend Gina on Martin or Damon Wayans' self-assured spouse Jay on My Wife and Kids, Tisha Campbell-Martin is known for portraying bold, headstrong women. But when it came time to consider having a second child, the actress, who confidently states, "I can handle anything," seemed to have met her match. Her first child, Xen, 8, is autistic, and the fear of raising another kid with autism gave the actress an uncharacteristic feeling: "I was nervous and scared."
But she and husband Duane Martin's fears were allayed when son Ezekiel, whose name means "God's strength," arrived last September. With the baby, now 6 months old, on her lap, the actress beams as she strokes his plump cheeks. "He's a talker. He's got such a sparkle in his eyes," Tisha, 41, says of the baby, whom she calls Zeke. "This baby smiles a lot. The first time around, I didn't get to see my child smile back at me."
Indeed, smiles were few and far between when Xen was an infant. During his first year, Tisha knew "something was different" when he wasn't reaching normal babyhood milestones like smiling or making eye contact. "I read the book What to Expect the First Year, and it was really hard because my son wasn't meeting the monthly goals," she says. "I just threw the book."
Finally, when Xen was 18 months old, Tisha's fears were realized: Xen's pediatrician broke the news that he was autistic. "I was crying, 'Why is this happening to my baby?'" Tisha says. "Will he be able to hear me? Will he be able to say, 'I love you?' Will he be independent?"
Once the tears subsided, Tisha says she was on a "mission." She and Duane enlisted a team of occupational, speech and behavior therapists to work with Xen 40 hours a week. "We were told things like 'He might not talk; he might not be able to tie his own shoes,'" says Duane, 44, a former actor turned real estate developer. "I give Tisha the credit. We got closer because of Xen."
Like many autistic children, Xen developed habits called self-stimulatory behaviors. While some children rock or wring their hands, "Xen used to lick walls and public banisters," Tisha says, cringing. "That drove me crazy. I found a list of behaviors that people find socially acceptable, so I taught him to bite his nails. It ended all of that."
Over the years Xen's autism has become manageable to the point where he thrives as a third grader at his elementary school, does chores and homework and has regular play dates with his pals. Yet Tisha and Duane were still unsure about whether to try for a second child. "We waited a long time," she says. "I didn't know if I could handle two. We wanted to give Xen as much attention as possible. How do you give love to two human beings like that?"
With Zeke's smooth arrival, however, all those worries have melted away. Instead their biggest obstacles this time around have been refreshingly run-of-the-mill: "We forgot how to do a lot of stuff, like swaddling and diapers," says Duane, laughing. Xen, too, has welcomed his little brother with open arms. "Xen dotes on Zeke," she says. "The minute Xen wakes up in the morning, he runs to him."
Relieved that Zeke is exhibiting no early signs of autism, Tisha says she is savoring her baby son's early developmental stages, instead of fearing them as she did when Xen was an infant. Case in point: Nursing Zeke "is such an incredible bonding experience," she coos. "I'm enjoying every single moment."
Given her emotionally fraught first go-round at motherhood, it's a sentiment that Tisha, who is looking for a new project after wrapping her Lifetime sitcom Rita Rocks, never thought she'd utter. "Two kids? I was worried," she says. "But it's pretty easy because they make it easy."


text:
{% extends "base.html" %}

{% block title %}Host: {{ computer.hostname }}{% endblock %}

{% block page-content %}
{% if not computer %}

No computer with the specified UUID was found.

{% else %}

{% if self_report %}
  <link href="{{ static_path }}/admin/css/self_report.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
{% endif %}

Client Information

     Hostname
     Serial
     {% if uuid_lookup_url %}
     Host Details
     {% endif %}
     Owner
     {% if owner_lookup_url %}
     Owner Details
     {% endif %}
     {% if client_site_enabled %}Site	{% endif %}
     Config Track
     OS Version	HDD Bytes Free	Uptime

      {{ computer.hostname }}

    {{ computer.serial }}
    {% if uuid_lookup_url %}
      {{ uuid_lookup_url|host_details_link:computer.uuid }}
    {% endif %}

        {{ computer.owner }}

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          {{ computer.last_on_corp_preflight_datetime|timesince }} ago

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Moving forward into a sustainable era.
The team of students and teachers from Uruguay La Casa Uruguaya (LCU) took the first prize in the Solar Decathlon Latin America and Caribbean 2015 (SDLAC). We are very proud for having been part with our models in the most important competition of architecture, design and sustainable engineering.
The main interest for this team was to improve the quality of living of the most compromised social environments and educate users about consumption and energy savings. "This makes people gain more consciousness about the present situation", as their project says. It was then a must to combine an effective construction with the principles of sustainability to reach an efficient home for everyone to have.
The LCU Team working hard to build the most popular and sustainable house of the Solar Decathlon 2015.
The claim for LCU was "More with less", to build a better future with more comfortable houses and less resources, more efficiency with less energy consumption. And that was the biggest success for the team as they were the indisputable favourites for the public, obtaining more results and special mentions.
After being awarded for every test, the final award ceremony took place, where the winner of the SDLAC 2015 was: La Casa Uruguaya, followed by the house Alero in 2nd place and the house Hiscali in 3rd.
We couldn't have imagined a better ending of our year 2015 and take this opportunity to wish our readers the same success, happiness and motivation in 2016.
Enjoyed this post? read our post about Hiddenbed for a more sustainable living.


text:
Chrysopa navasi är en insektsart som beskrevs av Marc Lacroix 1916. Chrysopa navasi ingår i släktet Chrysopa och familjen guldögonsländor. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Guldögonsländor
navasi


In a 12-inch, heavy skillet over moderate heat, heat butter until hot but not smoking. Stir in onion and celery, cover, and cook, stirring occasionally, until soft, 15 to 20 minutes. (Vegetables can be prepared up to 1 day ahead and refrigerated. Reheat before continuing in a 12-inch, heavy skillet over moderately high heat, stirring often, until heated through, about 5 minutes.) Transfer the vegetables to a large bowl and add bread cubes, Napa Valley Rub, and sage. Warm the stock to steaming in a separate saucepan, and add to the bowl.
If using to stuff turkey: Use immediately to fill cavities and spread remainder in baking dish.
If baking entire recipe as side dish: Preheat oven to 350°F and grease a 3-quart casserole or 9- by 13-inch baking dish. Cover with aluminum foil and bake until heated through, about 30 minutes. Uncover and bake until top is slightly crisp and golden, about 10 minutes longer. Serve immediately.
This stock is best made a few days ahead, to allow the flavors to develop.
Roughly chop the onions and place them in a large Dutch oven or saucepan with the olive oil, over medium high heat. Allow to sweat, stirring occasionally. Meanwhile, roughly chop the other vegetables, adding them to the pot in turn. Cook for another 5 minutes, then add in 2 quarts of water, the peppercorns, parsley, and salt. Bring to a boil, then lower the heat, allowing it to simmer, uncovered, for 1 hour. Strain. Best if let sit for 2 days before using, to allow the flavors to develop. Makes one quart.


text:
Сборная Алжира по хоккею с шайбой — представляет Алжир на международных турнирах по хоккею с шайбой. Основана в 2006 году. В настоящее время является одним из кандидатов на вступление в ИИХФ. Сборная сформирована из алжирцев, выступающих в иностранных чемпионатах.

В 2008 году сборная Алжира приняла участие в дебютном чемпионате арабских стран, в котором, помимо неё, выступали сборные Кувейта, Марокко и ОАЭ. Алжирцы заняли последнее место, а их форвард Харонд Литим был признан лучшим игроком турнира, набрав 11 (4+7) очков в 5 матчах.

В апреле 2009 года один из лучших хоккеистов в истории Алжира Нордин Махдиди закончил игровую карьеру и принял на себя пост главного тренера команды.

В 2010 году в стране было открыто первое ледовое сооружение — это произошло в городе Тизи-Узу. Там был построен небольшой каток, неподходящий под размеры, установленные МОК, однако позволивший алжирцам запустить свою собственную программу по подготовке молодых хоккеистов.

Текущий состав

Все матчи
 16.06.08: Кувейт — Алжир 8:2
 17.06.08: ОАЭ — Алжир 6:2
 18.06.08: Марокко — Алжир 9:6
 19.06.08: ОАЭ — Алжир 10:4
 20.06.08: Марокко — Алжир 7:5
 19.05.09: Вири-Шатийон — Алжир 11:3
 21.05.09: Вири-Шатийон — Алжир 5:6
 30.04.11: По-Руж д'Эври — Алжир 8:8

Ссылки
 Официальный сайт Федерации хоккея Алжира

Примечания

Алжир


text:
CFD 278 – [REPLAY] 203 – Ryan Moran Learned to Correct His Course to Reach Big Cashflow Shores
by chadcurtiss on May 30, 2016 in Podcast
http://traffic.libsyn.com/cashflowdiary/278-REPLAY-100K20-20Ryan20Moran20-209-2-152C2014.58.mp3
As we move through this month and this $100K series I have the honor of interviewing individuals who earn a whole lot of cashflow from their ventures and interests. The focus of these interviews is on how these people felt the first time they experienced a $100K month. Cash Flow Diary guest Ryan Moran – a killer entrepreneur, marketing specialist, speaker, author and new daddy – says for him it was like breaking through a glass ceiling that really wasn't there.
Once he hit that mark he realized that he was the only one holding him back, and that all the BS he bought into about not being able to reach this level. He did it, and not just once. For him how to get there was demystified, and now he wishes he could give people a pill to make them understand that they really can get to their financial goals. Ryan says that hitting his first $100K month didn't feel much different than when he hit his first $10K month. Now he's aiming at earning a million dollars in a month!
Ryan says hitting high-dollar goals boils down to systems. Ryan says the first step is finding the leads and market to them on a continued basis. The second step is to be bold and ask for bigger dollar amounts in what you're selling. Listen in on this fantastically empowering interview as I discuss with Ryan the importance of lead generation and automating your marketing. This is something my team and I have had to learn to do, and it's something you need to learn if you want to be successful.
Listen to all Ryan has to say about the importance of making mistakes… and how if he hadn't made a number of mistakes that he wouldn't be where he is today. Ryan also talks about the difference between failure and feedback. The latter is very valuable to other people because you can educate others on what not to do! Learn more.
CFD 278Conversion RateInterviewLearn Real Estate InvestingMarketing and Sales In Real EstatePodcastRyan MoranSocial MediaSuccessSuccess Stories
CFD 277 – Data Ninja Daren Blomquist Tells Us Why Being a "Data Nerd" is a Good Thing
Top 55 Tools to Boost Productivity, Improve Communication and Build Your Bottom Line


text:
Brown Bears take 9 at NAHL draft
Tuesday, June 3, 2014 11:53pm
North Star Conference fans will need no introduction to two of the top three picks by the Kenai River Brown Bears in the North American Hockey League Draft on Tuesday.
In the second round, the Bears tabbed forwards Tanner Schachle and Colton Fletcher, who have both skated for the Wasilla Warriors. Both turned heads at the Bears tryout camp in Anchorage last weekend, leading to their selection.
"Both have always been strong players," Kenai River head coach Geoff Beauparlant said. "Both skate well, are strong on the puck and have an excellent finish around the net."
Schachle just finished his junior year for the Warriors. He was a first-team all-conference selection the past two years.
"Tanner is more a guy that gets his nose dirty around the net," Beauparlant said. "He plays a physical game with high-end skill."
Fletcher left Wasilla after his sophomore year after he was drafted by Omaha of the United States Hockey League. He didn't make that squad, but spent last season playing for Omaha of the North American Prospects Hockey League.
As a sophomore, he scored twice in the NSC title game in a 3-2 victory over Soldotna.
"I think Colton brings puck protection and poise," Beauparlant said.
The NAHL assigns draft picks by subtracting protected veterans and tendered players from 30. The Bears have 14 protected veterans and seven tendered players, which gave them nine picks.
Because the 30 must be eventually narrowed down to a 23-man roster, getting drafted by no means guarantees making the team.
But Beauparlant says the talent procured in the draft will set up good competition at the Bears main camp from July 24 to 27 in Minnesota.
"We're very happy," he said. "It's always an exciting and long process. Josh Romano, our scouting director, and all the scouting staff did an excellent job identifying players throughout the season."
Beauparlant and Nate Kiel, the general manager, ran the draft from Soldotna, while Romano joined in via the Internet.
The Bears' first-round selection, and 11th pick overall, was forward Wade Wylie, who played last season with the Valencia (California) Flyers of the Western States Hockey League.
Wylie was at the Bears main camp last season and the team tracked him after that.
"We really like his speed," Beauparlant said. "On the big rink, he should really impress because of his sheer skating ability."
After selecting Wylie and two Alaska players, the Bears had to watch as Adam Kresl was snapped off the board by the Aberdeen (South Dakota) Wings. Kresl played four regular-season games for the Bears last year, not enough to become property of the team, but enough to impress with two goals.
Monday, the Bears had given a second-round pick to the Corpus Christi (Texas) IceRays for Maurin Bouvet, a forward out of France who played in 53 games last year and had 10 goals and 15 assists.
"He is super skilled and skates well," Beauparlant said of Bouvet. "He loves the puck on his stick. He's a power-play guy. We're hoping he can fill a top-six role for us."
But the coach knew assuming Kresl would drop to the third round was risky.
"We thought he could get to the third round, and we could draft him in the third round," Beauparlant said. "Aberdeen had shown some interest. We know he will be a solid player in the league."
Here is a brief look at the final six picks:
Mike Winn, a 1996 defenseman taken in the third round — Beauparlant said the 6-foot-3, puck-moving defenseman will be at the main camp for the USHL's Chicago Steel, but the Bears will be there if he doesn't make it.
Viktor Ponatovskis, a 1995 defenseman taken in the third round — Made the all-star game at the Bears' main camp last season, but the Bears decided the Latvian needed another year of development. The team was happy with the progress he made with the Salt Lake City Moose of the Western States Hockey League.
Matthew Wikman, a 1996 forward taken in the third round — A find of the northeast scout, who convinced him to go to the Ohio tryout camp. There, the Northfield Prep player had a hat trick in the all-star game.
Lucas Blomquist, a 1994 defenseman taken in the fourth round — At the Denver camp, Blomquist chipped some teeth, got them capped, and played the next day. Beauparlant likes his toughness, and the fact he has previous junior experience.
Cody Longie, a 1994 defenseman taken in the fifth round — Played last season with the Fargo (North Dakota) Force of the USHL. Beauparlant fully expects him to make the Force, but wanted his rights in case he doesn't. Beauparlant said that is the same reason the team tendered Alex Jackstadt, a former Bears forward and UAA commit who played with the Force last season.
Jacob Gerson, a 1995 forward taken in the sixth round — Beauparlant said Gerson is another pre-draft camp find. He said he has a lot of the same qualities as current Bears forward Zack Zulkanycz.
Bears notes: Goalie Kris Oldham, of Anchorage, has made the Omaha (Nebraska) Lancers of the USHL. "We're excited and proud Kris has earned this opportunity," Beauparlant said. "We're excited to see his career continue to progress to playing Division I hockey and possibly pro hockey." … Oldham is the first Bears player this offseason to earn a USHL slot, but others have great opportunities, led by Sebastian Fuchs, whose tender by the Madison Capitals puts him in the front of the line for a spot. Nathan Colwell was drafted in the second round by the Dubuque (Iowa) Fighting Saints and will be at tryout camp this weekend, along with Zulkanycz. Defenseman Austin Chavez also has been hitting tryout camps. … The Brown Bears Classic golf tournament will be July 20 at the Kenai Golf Course. … The team is still looking for an assistant coach. Those interested can email coachbeau@krbbears.com.
Skyview goes out a winner as softball team closes books on athletic program
All greens in tip-top shape at Kenai Golf Course


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text:
Talking Love and Calling in the One with Katherine Woodward Thomas
by Gina DeVee | May 11, 2021 | Podcast | 0 comments
Queen, we welcome my mentor Katherine Woodward Thomas once again! This is a woman who will pour wisdom and love into every cell of your being – and a woman who's done the same for me, time and time again. Katherine is the true master of love and today she shares her best advice for calling in the one and manifesting the love we deserve.
Katherine is the author of the New York Times Bestseller Conscious Uncoupling: 5 Steps to Living Happily Even After and the love-manifesting bible Calling in "The One:" 7 Weeks to Attract the Love of Your Life. This is a book that changed so many lives (mine included!) and Katherine is just about to release a new edition revised and updated with new insights, stories, teaching points, and transformational exercises. Queen, this is the book we've been waiting for…
Tune in today for a preview of all the good stuff and to find out what all about the feminine way to manifest love and transform relationships. I just know this is a blessing we all need in our lives right now. Plus, there's going to be a special appearance…
Calling in "The One": Why Katherine Wrote It
Katherine is a licensed marriage and family therapist with an M.A. But, what really gave her the credentials to write about manifesting love is her own experience in the field. Her love life was the hardest part of her life. From chaotic childhood patterns to dating anyone, just as long as they were unavailable, Katherine has forged her wisdom in the fire.
It wasn't until she learned about the metaphysical principles of standing up for your future that she was able to break her patterns. The one thing that really helped her was understanding that you need to define yourself according to the future you want, not the past you had.
She wrote this amazing book when she called in her first husband Mark. This was the healthiest relationship she's ever been in. Then, they got divorced after a decade. But, that didn't matter, because Katherine now had the wisdom to go through that transformation and write another fantastic book: Conscious Uncoupling!
After a few years, she was ready to call in her true soulmate. And despite all the reasons not to believe that she could do it, she set an intention and she stayed true to it.
For her, calling in the one is all about reclaiming the power we have to create miracles. It's also written in service to the awakening of our power to not just be reactive to how things are, but to generate a future that we want for ourselves.
The Myths That Prevent You From Manifesting Love
We think that if he could go back to our childhood and understand it enough, one day we will wake up and be free to create something else. It doesn't work that way.
Of course, there's a need for healing, grieving, and understanding your past trauma. But unless you have a future that you want, you're not really transforming anything. More of the same will continue to show up.
If you really want to create something you've never had, you need to become the person that already has that. You need to ask yourself:
"Who am I, as a person who is loved, who is supported, who is seen who is honored, who is cherished, who is completely self-expressed?"
You need to build that identity because it's a different identity than the one you live in now. The fact is, wherever you're centered at the level of identity, that's where you're generating life from.
What You Really Need to Do to Call in the One
When your traumas are not transformed, you show up in a way that could be self-sufficient, more comfortable with giving than receiving, avoidant of conflict. All these ways of relating confirm your past and keep you there.
But, the truth is, until you actually identify the habitual ways that you show up in now, you will keep repeating them. When you take a stand for the future, you need to act from the self-identity that can imagine being with someone who is capable of giving what you want and truly meeting your needs.
You have to risk and let people in – you have to let yourself receive – and you have to learn how to engage conflict in a way that is healthy and necessary for authentic relationships.
And the thing is, you don't have to be rooted in 100% certainty. The chances are, you could even do that if you wanted. You are building a new future and a new you. It can start with 3% and it can be built through pleasure and be grounded in the senses.
Start to See Yourself as the Source of the Evidence
"But, how do I believe in something I've never experienced? All evidence I have is evidence to the contrary. How do I love myself if I don't know what that looks like?"
Well, the key is to start to see yourself as the source of the evidence. The key to emancipation and liberation is actually seeing yourself as the source of the pattern.
And of course, no one is negating those challenges out there. Some men are narcissists, sure. But, we kind of need to press the pause button on those conversations. You are the source of your experience.
You have the power to learn how to create relationships that are rich and true and honest and committed and loyal. You know how to learn, and you can learn how to do this too.
Why Katherine Decided to Rewrite Calling in "The One"
This wonderful book sold a quarter of a million copies. It's been so helpful to so many people, but Katherine feels there are some things that are outdated in it.
In 2002, online dating wasn't the thing it is now. So, Katerine decided to go back and also write about her own experience of calling in the one. She's now happy in love and she wanted to pay it forward.
She's also been teaching from the book and she's worked with thousands of people. Through that experience, she's been learning how to streamline the process, clarify things that weren't crystal clear, and give people an even better guidebook to manifesting love.
In my view, Queen, this book has already been perfect. But, I'm definitely looking forward to getting this gift of Katherine's wisdom, new and expanded.
If you're ready for the life-changing and miraculous effect Calling in "The One" will have on you, get the new edition here: https://www.amazon.com/Calling-One-Revised-Expanded-Attract-dp-0593139798/dp/0593139798/ref=dp_ob_title_bk
To see Katherine's other books, go here https://katherinewoodwardthomas.com/store/
We'd also be so grateful and honored to hear your takeaways! Screenshot this episode and tag me or Katherine on Instagram at:
https://instagram.com/ginadevee
https://www.instagram.com/katherinewoodwardthomas/
…or just shoot me a DM.
And if you haven't already, follow the Divine Living podcast, share your reviews, and tune in every week to get one step closer to your Queenhood!
⭐ Get FREE meditations, workbooks, and Q&As with me https://www.divineliving.com/audacity
Finally, if you want to make amazing connections, spark creativity, and collaborate with Queens like yourself, come join us over in the Q Club!
The Q Club is your new favorite at-home destination for all things Queen: femininity, luxury, spirituality, travel, lifestyle, entrepreneurship, high-vibe community, and unapologetic self-permission. There's still time to join so don't hesitate, click here and let the fierce, feminine, and fabulous FUN start now!
👑 https://divineliving.com/qclub/


Since the late 19th century, Americans have been blessed with a whole series of domestic conveniences, from central heating to electric lighting to hot and cold water at the turn of a tap. Yet, in a way, these marvels are also the worst thing that could've happened to our longstanding national trait of Yankee thrift — for at the same time they've made our lives immeasurably easier, they've also made us immeasurably more wasteful.
Take the simple case of hot water. As long as Americans were obliged to chop wood, stoke a fire and lug buckets of scalding water around just to prepare a warm bath, we still appreciated what a luxury hot water is, and how difficult it is to obtain. Yet as soon as that same warm bath involved nothing more than opening a tap, we fell haplessly into the pattern of oblivious and wasteful use that's still with us. Even in this increasingly green-centered era, many of us still treat hot water as if it were a gift from heaven.