In this day and age, you would be hard pressed to find a smartphone that comes with removable batteries underneath. There was a time when every mobile device came with a removable battery, but that's not the case now. Why? Well, there are a variety of factors behind manufacturers' insistence on not having removable batteries on their phones. First and foremost, removable batteries are somewhat limited in their functionality. By this, we mean that removable battery will come in the way of some essential features like water-resistance, slim design etc. These are some of the factors that companies take seriously today, and given the benefits of not having a removable battery compared to a non-removable battery, it's understandable why the manufacturers pick the latter. One can safely say that future smartphones from major companies are unlikely to have removable batteries. This is an unfortunate truth, but something that we have to come to terms with, similar to how the headphone jack is on the verge of extinction, along with the standard micro USB port, which is making way for USB C ports and accessories.
Despite the fact that it's hard to find a phone with removable battery, you would be surprised to know that there are still a handful of smartphones in 2019 that come with a removable battery. Not all of them are brand new products, but still relevant given that they were launched recently. That said, here are a handful of our favorite smartphones that are running relatively recent versions of Android, but most importantly, a removable battery.
Released in 2016 as the successor to the LG V10, the V20 did a lot of things better than the successor. First and foremost, its battery was removable, which was a massive sigh of relief for customers who like swapping out batteries for added convenience. This is also the last LG V series phone to come with a secondary ticker display right above the primary display panel. This was a novel idea with the V10, and the company seemingly made it better with the second iteration.
The handset itself packs a 5.7-inch 2440 x 1440 resolution display, the quad-core Snapdragon 820 SoC, 4GB of RAM, 32/64GB of expandable storage, Android 7.0 Nougat, 16-megapixel + 8-megapixel rear camera, and a 3,200 mAh battery. The phone also comes with a USB Type C port, and a fingerprint scanner on the back. Although the phone doesn't have water resistance on board, it is MIL-STD-810G compliant for durability and ruggedness. You can get the handset for somewhere around $420 from Amazon right now.
This particular phone was launched under a year ago, so it's one of the newest devices on this list. As you would expect, the Moto G5 is a mid-ranged device and comes with a bunch of decent features to impress the customers. The removable battery here is 2,800 mAh, which means it's good to last an entire day. The phone comes with 5-inch 1080p display, the octa-core 1.4 GHz Snapdragon 430 SoC, 2 or 3GB of RAM, 16 or 32GB of expandable storage, a 13-megapixel rear camera, a 5-megapixel front camera, and Android 7.0 Nougat with an update to Android 8.0 scheduled. The phone also comes with a dedicated fingerprint scanner on the front, which can come in handy for quick authentication.
Fingerprint scanners are the norm in the mobile industry today, so it no longer excites the market like it once used to. But given the fact that this is a budget offering, the presence of some of the top tier features is commendable. The handset can be purchased for under $200 on Amazon right now. Given the features that it comes with, the price tag is very tough to beat.
Motorola and Lenovo were one of the last few manufacturers to launch phones with a removable battery. The Moto G5 is probably one of the best that you can buy with a removable battery, but the E5 Play is a close runner up.
It comes equipped with a Snapdragon 425 or Snapdragon 427, depending on where you buy it from. There's 2GB of RAM under the hood, as well as a 5.2-inch HD display. It runs Android Oreo, making it one of the newest phones on this list; however, there's also a massive 2,800mAh removable battery.
If you're looking for a handset that offers you military-grade protection, in addition to having a battery that you can easily remove for when you're not around the charger, the Galaxy Xcover 4 will be right up your alley. This phone was designed for the outdoors, and will give you the protection you need to withstand most drops, falls, and accidents.
It's got a 5-inch HD display, Samsung's own Exynos 7570 processor, 2GB of RAM, and 16GB of storage. It runs on Android 7.0 Nougat, and has a relatively large 2,800mAh battery that you can remove.
The LG K8 comes up next, and is actually a device that sits on a mid-range level. It's no flagship like the LG V20, but it'll still do what you need it do fairly well — just don't expect it to play all of the top games right now with immaculate speed and quality. It's got a Snapdragon 425 processor inside, 2GB of RAM, and 16GB of storage. There's an 8-megapixel camera for photos, and you get a removable 2,500mAh battery. It's easily swapped out for when you need to run your phone on a full charge! As an added bonus, it's running Android Nougat, too!
Nokia may have died and got sold off in its original form, but it's back and better than ever with the Nokia 1 smartphone. This smartphone will be largely attractive to those who are looking to buy into a phone that isn't going to break the bank — it's actually only going to set you back $60.
It's got some impressive specifications inside. One of its highlights is 2,150mAh removable battery, but on top of that you've got a 4.5-inch display, 1GB of RAM, and a relatively quick MediaTek processor.
This is yet another mid-ranged offering from 2016, known as the Galaxy J7. There have been multiple variants of this particular handset, including a successor in 2017, but we're focusing on this forgotten handset with a good reason. Well, it's one of the few phones on the market right now with a removable battery on board. Also, even though it's a mid-ranged handset, it comes with a bunch of Samsung specific features that cannot be found on other devices. Samsung enjoys its own ecosystem across its devices, similar to what iOS users find on their iPhones.
Talking about the phone, well it comes with 5.5-inch HD Super AMOLED display, accompanied by 2GB of RAM, 16GB of expandable storage, a 13-megapixel rear camera, a 5-megapixel front camera, Android 6.0 Marshmallow (upgradable to Nougat), and a 3,300 mAh battery. The phone is powered by Qualcomm's Snapdragon 617 octa-core chipset, which is mostly found on top tier mid-ranged smartphones. You can get the LTE version of this smartphone for $199 via Amazon.
The Samsung Galaxy S5 didn't make quite an impact on the market, but its arrival was significant for a number of reasons. While Samsung was offering devices with removable batteries long before the Galaxy S5, this was the company's first water resistant smartphone. This was quite a big deal four years ago, although the numbers don't quite reflect this. The phone comes with a 5.1-inch Full HD Super AMOLED display, the quad-core 2.5 GHz Snapdragon 801 SoC, 2GB of RAM, 16GB of expandable storage, a 16-megapixel rear camera, a 2-megapixel front shooter, Android 4.4 KitKat (upgradable to Nougat), and a 2,800 mAh battery.
While the phone isn't quite up there with the flagships we see today, it is an excellent device to own given the fact that it's extremely affordable right now, and the fact that it has features like water resistance doesn't hurt either. You can get the Galaxy S5 on Amazon for about $130. However, these are mostly refurbished models and you're unlikely to come across brand new units at this point.
Launched just under a couple of years ago, the LG G5 is an impressive and ambitious smartphone by LG. It featured a modular design, allowing customers to add components directly to the device and enhance its performance somewhat. Moto took a similar concept with its Moto Mods with recent devices. LG, however, didn't quite stick to this concept and was quick to discard it after the LG G5. However, it's a pretty spectacular device to own, even though it's nearly two years old in the industry. The modular design also came with the added advantage of having a removable battery.
The handset features a 5.3-inch Quad HD LCD panel, 16-megapixel + 8-megapixel dual rear cameras, an 8-megapixel front camera, 4GB of RAM, 32GB of expandable storage, the quad-core Snapdragon 820 SoC, Android 6.0 Marshmallow (upgradable to Nougat), and a 2,800 mAh battery. The handset is very cheap on Amazon right now with a price tag of just $232.99. Be sure to have a closer look at the device.


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Q: Numpy.array astype working on data set but don't understand why? I am trying to extract dates ( to plot on x axes in matplotlib) from a data set and have a line in my code that "seems" to be doing what I want BUT I don't understand why.
It is accepting ALL the data ( data[:] ) BUT returning just the dates in the format I want. My concern is that I don't understand how it is doing it. I tried to just specify the first field of the data but couldn't. Please can anyone tell me why this line is working on just the dates?
my_dates = np.array(data[:]).astype('datetime64[D]')
the data
2015-08-04 02:14:05.249392,AA,0.0193103612,0.0193515212,0.0249713335,30.6542480634,30.7195875454,39.640763021,0.2131498442,29.0406746589,13524.5347810182,89,57,99
2015-08-04 02:14:05.325113,AAPL,0.0170506271,0.0137941891,0.0105915637,27.0670313481,21.8975963326,16.8135861893,-19.0986405157,-23.2172064279,21.5647072302,33,26,75
2015-08-04 02:14:05.415193,AIG,0.0080808151,0.0073296055,0.0076213535,12.8278962785,11.635388035,12.0985236788,-9.2962105215,3.980405659,-142.8175077335,71,42,33
2015-08-04 02:14:05.486185,AMZN,0.0235649449,0.0305828226,0.0092703502,37.4081902773,48.5487257749,14.7162247572,29.7810062852,-69.6877219282,-334.0005615016,2,92,10
2015-08-04 02:14:05.551904,APOL,0.0246693592,0.0156969808,0.0184519051,39.1613937248,24.9181845816,29.2914912693,-36.3705368692,17.5506633453,-148.2551671106,80,9,31

the "code"
import numpy as np
# np.set_printoptions(threshold = np.nan)# turn off printing truncation

data=np.genfromtxt('/home/dave/Desktop/development/hvanal2015s.csv',
dtype='M8[us],S5,float,float,float',delimiter=',',usecols=[0,1,11,12,13])
my_dates = np.array(data[:]).astype('datetime64[D]')
print("data")
print(data)
print("my_dates",my_dates)

the output
data
 [(datetime.datetime(2015, 8, 4, 7, 14, 5, 249392), b'AA', 89.0, 57.0, 99.0)
 (datetime.datetime(2015, 8, 4, 7, 14, 5, 325113), b'AAPL', 33.0, 26.0, 75.0)
 (datetime.datetime(2015, 8, 4, 7, 14, 5, 415193), b'AIG', 71.0, 42.0, 33.0)
 (datetime.datetime(2015, 8, 4, 7, 14, 5, 486185), b'AMZN', 2.0, 92.0, 10.0)
 (datetime.datetime(2015, 8, 4, 7, 14, 5, 551904), b'APOL', 80.0, 9.0, 31.0)]

 my_dates ['2015-08-04' '2015-08-04' '2015-08-04' '2015-08-04' '2015-08-04']

A: with np.genfromtxt() you get numpy array of tuples as shown in your print out. To extract the date element and convert to your favorite format, you can use list comprehension to access the date info from each tuple. Then, convert that to numpy array and convert to datetime64[D] format all in one line.
dates = np.array([d[0] for d in data]).astype('datetime64[D]')

This is more explicit process clearly showing what you are doing. Your approach
np.array(data[:]).astype('datetime64[D]')

worked because it tried to cast all data element to datetime64[D] but could do that to only the first column of data array.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Presenting "Main Mandala"/ "Play-Mandala", a workshop co-created and produced between Filippo Fabricca of Love Difference, Alecia Neo and the Ketemu Team. The workshop aims to give children an opportunity to express themselves on first an individual level and next a collective level. The children experiment with new ways of using found materials and learn how to negotiate with their peers a communal idea of beauty with their creations.


text:
Bad Optics for the Cryptocracy
Thinking outside the Dialectic
As I work on my forthcoming book "Twilight Language" (the sequel to Secret Societies and Psychological Warfare due for publication in January), I'm immersed in the details of the alchemical programming of the people of the West, which makes me more attuned than usual to the intricacies of "The Process."
In this connection, the Thesis/Antithesis of the Dialectical method employed by Hegel and Karl Marx, is before our eyes: in the controversy raging since the black mayor of the District of Corruption, Muriel Bowser, called for the dismantling of several monuments, among them shrines devoted to Freemasons, including the Satanic-racist Albert Pike, and "good old" Ben Franklin. Permanently removing their icons and the occult obelisk known as the "Washington Monument" (about which our First President knew nothing and had no hand in), might clear up a good deal of spiritual smog hanging over our nation's capitol.
(It has been appointed that Pharaonic obelisks occupy commanding places in many of the major cities of the West. The most dominating of this type, after the misnamed Washington monument, is the Egyptian obelisk installed in "St. Peter's Square," in Rome. For its occult significance cf. chapter 10, "The Grand Egyptian Lodge of Vatican City" [pp. 372-391] in The Occult Renaissance Church of Rome).
But of course the super-patriot Trump Antithesians will not hear a word of this. "God forbid that anyone should tamper with the (masonic) heritage of America!"
Of course, Sean Hannity, Rush Limbaugh, Franklin Graham and the rest of the motley Right-wing crew, would omit that masonic descriptor. Their opposition is cast in refrains of "My Country 'tis of Thee..." (Sweet land of felony).
Now is the time when all good Hegelian robots will come to the aid of the Dialectic and denounce Mayor Bowser's initiative. "How dare she demean Albert Pike! And what of wise old Ben Franklin, famous for announcing that he gave us a Republic — "if we can keep it."
But some of us ask, what of the secret masonic history of these United States—the murders, stolen elections, suborned juries, corrupt prosecutors and judges—the whole epoch of secret society betrayal of that Republic which Master of Masons Franklin "gave" us?
Do the Hegelian "Conservatives" now running amok in opposition to the black leaders of Washington, D.C. imagine that the son of founding father John Adams, President John Quincy Adams, would mourn the loss of statues honoring Albert Pike, or even Benjamin Franklin, were he to learn of Franklin's dark past?
Quincy Adams was one of the earliest charter members of the Anti-Masonic movement in America, which was born from the outrage over the masonic abduction and assassination in 1826 of ex-Mason William Morgan, author of a book revealing masonic secrets. New York Governor DeWitt Clinton helped to protect Morgan's killers from prosecution.
A goodly number of Abraham Lincoln's inner circle were sworn opponents of the Freemasons, including Secretary of State William Seward. They knew that the existence of an "Invisible Empire" within the commonweal would rot it from the inside. We saw the culmination of that rot in the assassination of John F. Kennedy, swathed as it was in masonic symbolism (cf. King-Kill/33 by James Shelby Downard and this writer).
Pike's evil is fairly self-evident. His masonic handbook, Morals and Dogma, was a recruiting piece for "Set-An," through the veneration of Sirius, represented as "the "Blazing Star" of the lodge — an emblem in Egyptian mythology of the dog-headed deity, Anubis. Pike was also a vicious and relentless hater of black people.
With "good old" Ben the iniquity is not as transparent. His prestige is so high as to be virtually unassailable. He of Poor Richard's Almanack fame, with its wise saws and pithy observations, "Early to bed and early to rise..."
The problem is, Franklin himself didn't get much sleep when he was a member of Sir Francis Dashwood's Hellfire Club in England, where all-night Satanic rites with harlots were part of the aristocratic "fun."
Even more damaging is Franklin's complicity in the masonic murder of Daniel Rees in Philadelphia.
When he was 33-years-of-age, Franklin was implicated in the still mysterious masonic killing of Rees by members of the Philadelphia masonic lodge. The American Weekly Mercury newspaper accused Franklin of involvement in the gruesome murder (Rees was set on fire and burned to death). A "Satanic oath" had been administered to Rees. Franklin biographer Thomas Kidd does not deny that Franklin boastfully showed the oath to his friends, while mocking Rees.
Franklin was subsequently a witness at a criminal trial of Evan Jones, a Mason believed to have been the one who actually set Rees on fire. Jones was convicted of manslaughter—and then released without fine or imprisonment, or any other punishment for having taken the life of Rees (other than being branded on one hand). Franklin walked free, without being convicted. (Cf. Thomas S. Kidd, Benjamin Franklin, pp. 118-120).
Prof. Kidd exhibits zero curiosity about how it was that the colonial court set free a perpetrator convicted of manslaughter. What role, if any, did the masonic brotherhood have in this miscarriage of justice? Kidd is oblivious. The Rees case is the most serious major scandal at the center of Franklin's entire life, whether religious or diplomatic. (This writer's review of Kidd's book can be read in its entirety online).
In 2020, many American blacks are less tolerant of political corruption in high places than some of their fellow Americans. Historical "prestige," secret society pedigree and Pavlovian hup-two-three appeals to march behind Donald Trump and Israeli-lobby propaganda outlets such as Fox News and the Wall Street Journal, don't suit.
The toppling of the idols of the masonic imperium, constructed when the Lodge was at the apex of its civic influence, would constitute a severe case of what the Chinese call a "loss of face," and which post-modern scribes term, "bad optics."
Whether or not the mayor of our nation's capitol is misinformed on other topics is not the point here. Certainly a vote for Joe Biden is a vote for sentencing black youth to further confinement in failing public schools wholly captive to teachers' unions, whose top priority is their own emolument and comfort.
However, before we join the Republicans in holding Bowser in sarcastic contempt, let us consider what a vote for Trump entails— the continuation of treasonous subservience to an Israeli-First mandate that George W. Bush propelled into the stratosphere, and which shreds Trump's claims to an America-First mission. If Binyamin Netanyahu ordered Trump to jump into a war with Iran, Syria or even Russia, Trump's only question would be, how high? Biden is likely to do the same, and thus we say, a pox on both their houses.
This writer shall never forget that when the corrupt courts of Louisiana repeatedly attempted to hound, disbar and remove from office New Orleans District Attorney Jim Garrison, the intrepid inaugural prosecutor of the JFK assassination conspirators, it was all-black juries that defiantly returned not-guilty verdicts.
Americans are being played in a race-card game that too often pits us against each other while obscuring the highest truths which are at stake in the struggle for our country's destiny: eradicating criminal politics.
If the graven images of occult intriguers fall in Washington, it will be a time to rejoice and look to see what it is we have in common with those who will permit no Invisible Empire to keep our nation mired in judicial corruption, police brutality and diabolic wars.
Michael Hoffman is a revisionist historian without institutional affiliation. His writing and research are made possible by donations from truth-seekers and the sale of his books and recordings. He resides with his family in Coeur d'Alene, Idaho.
For further research
One Summer of Riots has led us to forget the Crimes of the Cryptocracy
Copyright©MMXX by Independent History and Research
Posted by Michael Hoffman at 9/03/2020 12:16:00 PM
Labels: Egyptian obelisk, Freemason Albert Pike, Freemason Benjamin Franklin, Hegelian dialectic, Invisible Empire, John Quincy Adams, masonic Washington Monument, Muriel Bowser, The Occult Renaissance Church of Rome
One Summer of Riots has led us to Forget the Crime...

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


All right, Canada. We get it. As a Canadian company, we talk about a whole lot of tools and personal finance hoopla that might not pertain to you.
But now it's time to clean up your finances, Canadians. No, we don't mean washing your money. (Yeah, we heard you can do that in Canada, and we're 100% jealous.) We mean it's time to manage it.
Before you become too overwhelmed which happens when it comes to money know there are a few simple, proactive steps you can take by the end of the day. This won't mean you're debt-free tomorrow, but it will mean you're taking the right steps.
We have faith in our northern counterparts, so let's get started.
Ah, yes. Checking your credit score is one of those tasks you've been putting off. We get it. That three-digit number can be super intimidating.
Now, check your credit score for free through Borrowell.
Not only will you receive your credit score, you'll also be able to study your credit report so you can see exactly which accounts you owe money on.
Pro tip: Make sure everything's accurate! Credit bureaus make mistakes; after all, look at how many folks they're reporting.
The borrower also offers customized tips to help you take active steps to improve your score.
30% goes for personal spending.
After you check your credit report and sketch out a budget, you'll be able to clearly see where you owe money.
Go ahead and incorporate these debt repayments into your budget and hash out a plan in as little as 13 minutes.
It's important to take care of your debt before it spirals into never-ending fees and interest rates.
And there's no reason you can't be creative. We found a guy who earns $1,380 a month renting out a backyard tent on Airbnb.
Make your space available during high-demand times in your area. Think concerts, conventions and sporting events.
Be a good host, and make sure your place is stocked with the toiletries you'd expect at a hotel — toilet paper, soap, and towels.
If you need a more immediate source of income, consider searching for a flexible work-from-home job.
We put together a list of eight job-search websites that can help you find the perfect work-from-home opportunity in Canada.
Once you're feeling more stable, focus on building an emergency (or rainy day) fund.
One of the best ways to do this is to trick yourself into saving. You can set your finances on autopilot by having a portion of your paycheck automatically deposited into your savings account or by setting up an automated investing app, like Mylo.
It's similar to the Acorns and Stash apps we use in the U.S. — you can opt-in to round up your purchases to the nearest dollar. The remaining change will go into ETF investments.
You just might be surprised by how quickly the change stacks up!
OK, we don't mean go out to Prince Edward Island and start digging. We mean take a good hard look at your spending and see where you can find some savings.
This might mean negotiating your rent, cutting the cord or finding a discount cell phone carrier WhistleOut can help you compare those.
The process will become easier when you map out a budget. We've found all those cringe-worthy expenses bubble up when you're forced to face them.
Your final step today is to study up on retirement — even if you're 20 years old. The earlier you strike up a retirement savings account, the better.
Start by figuring out just how much you should be saving each month. The Financial Consumer Agency of Canada has some great resources for retirement planning.
Then, look into different types of investments — like stocks, mutual funds, and savings bonds. The FCA has your back there, too.
Do you make it to the bottom of your moose milk? Don't worry. You've got this. Just remember to take it day by day, penny by penny.
We've got faith in ya, Canada!


When local cities and counties are presented with a new planning issue, such as the proliferation of new solar projects, the first thing the agency director does is asks his staff to call other cities and counties and see how they are dealing with that issue. They talk with other agency staff and they get copies of ordinances and plans. As a former staff person I didn't care for this process as it circumvented the staffs own creativity and skills. But city council's like to know that they aren't walking in new territory alone so borrowing processes from other agencies is the local government method of choice when developing new ordinances.
It isn't surprising then that we are starting to see consistent trends across California relative to how new solar projects are permitted. Some of these new permitting process can help speed up the approval process but only if the applicant understands how to best prepare their application and how to document their projects benefits and differences.
The major trends are: 1) the perceived loss of agricultural land to solar projects and the payment of fees to compensate the county for these loses; 2) The perception of solar projects being temporary uses and not permanent uses; 3) The use of reclamation plans and the payment of reclamation fees for the future decommissioning of solar sites, and; 4) the use of development agreements (DA) in permitting new sites. By managing these new processes one can often negotiate a faster environmental review process for their project.
Preparing reclamation plans takes special care and experience in both solar project development and reclamation planning as an ill-conceived plan could end up costing a lot of money and affecting the bankability of one's project. Similarly, development agreements need an awareness of how to write conditions of approval in a way that allows project flexibility while keeping costs to a minimum. Development agreements need the engagement of an experienced solar permitting planner, a good financial modeler, and an experienced lawyer. One cautionary point about development agreements and controversial projects- DA's are legislative actions and can be subject to initiatives, unlike use permits and other quasi-judicial actions. There are certain options to development agreements that can be discussed with local jurisdictions if you are concerned about project opponents taking ballot action against your project in the future.
Every jurisdiction is still requiring use permits and environmental review of each new project and these new permitting trends are add-ons to the existing permit approval process. The permitting process now requires looking years ahead towards the end of the project development cycle. While many landowners have some permitting experience in their local jurisdiction, these new permitting trends require the consultation of persons who understand solar technology, knows how to permit solar for new construction, knows the costs associated with operating a solar facility, and has a clear idea of how the project can best be terminated and the site used beyond termination.
This entry was posted in Permitting and tagged Conditional Use Permit, Solar Farm Conditional Use Permits, Solar Farm Construction, Utility Scale Solar Design. Bookmark the permalink.


text:
'Pretty Little Liars' season 4, episode 9 review: What happened to Jenna Marshall?
Pretty Little Liars, Pretty Little Liars season 4 review	 August 6, 2013
Happy birthday, Emily! This week on "Pretty Little Liars," we had an opportunity to see one of our leading characters "celebrate" what was an important day in her life … and have the most miserable day ever in the process.
Granted, tonight's episode showed us that there is someone out there who is probably even more miserable than her right now, and she goes by the name of Jenna. After several weeks away, she resurfaced tonight … only to quickly find herself in a lake. Was she dead? Based on what we saw at the end of the episode, it didn't seem like it. She's alive, but barely kicking and in the back of an ambulance, and it is pretty clear that someone really does not want the message about Alison getting to the rest of the Liars.
Saving Jenna from the lake was probably the only swimming-related achievement that we saw from Emily tonight, as she spent much of the early half of the episode finding out that the one swim coach that she wanted to work with was probably not going to be able to help her … and that Paige lied to her about it. Drama! Sadly, it's drama of the possible-breakup kind. These two have a major problem ahead, and it is a simple one in that they both realize that may have very different futures mapped out for each other.
We'd focus a little bit here on the Aria / Adam storyline, but admittedly, it's somewhat dull considering that it's almost predictable that eventually there is going to be trouble for the two, and that this in turn will lead to some movement for Aria and Ezra. With Maggie potentially going away, there is a good opportunity for drama that could also pull Malcolm out of the picture and simplify his life. We don't really want that to happen, given that it feels almost like an auto-correction for everything that happened last year.
But outside of Jenna, the thing you're probably supposed to take from this episode is that CeCe Drake has apparently struck fear into the hearts of Jenna and Shana, which is why they are starting to act so very afraid. Also, Red Coat is back … and she means serious business.
What did you think about tonight's "Pretty Little Liars" episode? If you do want to read some more news related to the show, just be sure to head on over to the link here.
Photo: ABC Family


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Updated: 21 February, 2020
A sudden rise in cases of Encephalitis after years of decline in Bihar: Are Litchis to be blamed? Here is all you need to know
This article attempts to bring clarity to this issue by laying down the facts that are known with regard to the cause of these illnesses and making some suggestions that can help solve this problem.
amitsurg
AES in Bihar (Photo credit: Indian Express)
Much has been reported in the media on the ongoing unfortunate deaths of children in the "litchi belt" of Bihar due to Encephalitis – from sensible articles by researchers to the hysterical yet disgusting antics of some media persons barging inside hospitals and harassing on-duty personnel. This article attempts to bring clarity to this issue by laying down the facts that are known with regard to the cause of these illnesses and making some suggestions that can help solve this problem.
What is Encephalopathy/Encephalitis?
Encephalopathy is a broad term for conditions that can cause brain disease, damage, or malfunction. The symptoms of this disorder range from minor memory loss to severe illness such as seizures, loss of consciousness and death. "Encephalitis" is a more specific term for swelling (inflammation) of the brain and is usually caused by viral infections.
The highest concentration of encephalopathy cases in the current outbreak is being treated in Muzaffarpur district of Bihar. This does not strictly mean that all victims are from that district, as these children have also brought to Muzaffarpur from East Champaran, West Champaran, Sitamarhi, Sheohar, Vaishali, and Samastipur districts. Manoj Kumar, Executive Director of Bihar's State Health Society has been quoted as saying that eleven children with AES have so far been admitted at government health facilities in Samastipur and Vaishali each and six cases are admitted in East Champaran.
Causes of Encephalopathy/Encephalitis?
The cause of AES is unknown in half of all cases across the state. However, in the outbreaks of encephalopathy at Muzaffarpur, the vast majority of cases have not shown any evidence of an active infection. As per health authorities, in the current outbreak in Bihar, Japanese Encephalitis virus has been identified in only two out of over 340 reported cases, thereby raising suspicion of the cause in the vast majority of cases being a toxin rather than an infection.
In studies conducted during outbreaks of AES at Muzaffarpur in June 2011, no viruses or other micro-organisms were identified in the clinical samples of cases presenting with AES, and the absence of isolated organisms has been a consistent feature of AES in the "litchi belt" over the years.
Do litchis cause Encephalopathy/Encephalitis?
The "litchi causes brain swelling" theory may sound almost unbelievable to a layperson, but in medical science, it is well-known and well-documented. A landmark study of 2014 published in the prestigious medical journal Lancet documented the presence of the toxin methylenecyclopropylglycine (hypoglycin A), in the blood samples of children suffering from encephalopathy in Muzaffarpur, which happens to be the highest producer of litchis in the country and supplies over half of the entire litchi business of the state of Bihar.
Hypoglycin A occurs naturally in litchis, and the outbreak of cases too was localised to the "litchi belt" and occurred at the time of harvesting. The researchers further found a strong correlation with children sleeping on an empty stomach after consumption of litchis with the occurrence of the disease. The presence of severe hypoglycaemia (low blood sugar levels) is also well documented in these children, most of whom also had stunted growth parameters suggesting malnutrition.
Administration of 10% glucose IV rapidly reverses the symptoms if given in a time before brain damage sets in. Malnutrition depletes glycogen stores in the body, leaving the child vulnerable to toxin-induced hypoglycaemia which will not usually occur in normal persons with adequate reserves and hence malnourished children are at risk for this condition.
Similar epidemics have been found in other countries with litchi plantations. A research paper published in 2014 pointed out that the presence of hypoglycaemia with the occurrence of AES in Bac Giang Province in North Vietnam coincided with the litchi harvesting season.
AES cases were also reported from Malda district of West Bengal in June and many of the affected children were found to have visited litchi orchards. Hypoglycin was first isolated as the agent that causes "Jamaican vomiting sickness" characterised by a sudden onset of vomiting several hours after a meal containing unripe ackees, followed by the development of severe hypoglycaemia causing convulsions, loss of consciousness and death. Ackee is the national fruit of Jamaica and belongs to the Sapindaceae soapberry species, which is the same family as litchi. As has been noted in Bihar, this disease too occurred mainly in malnourished children.
Even though the researchers who conducted the Lancet study stopped short of categorically labelling the cause as litchi-induced due to the causation-correlation fallacy, they did point out that the most likely cause was hypoglycin A as it satisfied 7 out of 9 points needed for proof of cause. They suggested several remedial measures including restriction of litchis to children and giving the children a proper meal at bedtime, which was implemented by the Bihar government through various local programs.
Subsequently, the incidence of deaths due to encephalopathy showed a strong fall from 2015 onwards and reached single digits by 2018. In 2018, the Bihar government also released a Standard Operating Procedure Manual for Encephalopathy/Encephalitis, which indicates that the government was taking this problem seriously as late as last year.
It is still unclear as to what led to the sudden resurgence in cases this year, with over 340 cases and over a hundred deaths already reported, and whether the surveillance and prevention mechanisms put in place became complacent due to the drop in the number of cases from 2015 onwards.
It has been speculated that several victims were suffering from heat stroke due to the unprecedented heat wave this summer. It is unclear at this point whether the heat wave played the role of an aggravating factor that led to a much higher incidence of cases by causing dehydration in the children who, already being malnourished, were pushed over the edge by the toxins in the fruit. Detailed epidemiological studies will be needed and one hopes adequate blood samples are being collected for later study by the authorities.
Malnutrition in Bihar
Bihar is one of the worst performing states with regard to childhood and adult malnutrition. According to official data, 49.3% of children are stunted, 44.6% are underweight, and the incidence of anaemia is as high as 64%, which though a significant improvement from the situation a decade earlier, is still extremely high.
However, Muzaffarpur is one of the relatively prosperous districts of Bihar and is in the top 3 GDP districts of the state as per the Economic Survey 2019 Report. Studies of the average level of food intake in rural Bihar have shown that with respect to cereals, the average monthly per capita intake was 12.13 kg, which is on par with the required dietary allowance (RDA) of 12 kg per month, per person. However, the average per capita consumption of pulses and milk in rural Bihar was found to be lower than the national average as well as the daily recommended allowances. Also, as per the economic survey data, the output of pulses has fallen over the past few years while that of sugarcane has sharply increased.
This clearly indicates that poverty and hunger are not the cause of malnutrition as is commonly believed. The imbalance in the diet with over-intake of cereals and deficiency of pulses and milk is most likely responsible for the high incidence of malnutrition in Bihar.
The author of this article works in tribal rural areas of Maharashtra and has observed a similar dietary pattern in children of these villages, and a similarly high incidence of malnutrition.
Though the causes of AES are many, the cause cannot be identified in about 50% of all cases. In the present outbreak, the most likely cause seems to be due to malnourished children consuming litchis that naturally contain a toxin causing severe and acute fall in blood sugar levels, resulting in convulsions, vomiting, unconsciousness and death. It is also probable but not yet studied or proven that the unprecedented heat wave across the country may have played the role of an aggravating factor by causing dehydration.
The sudden increase in the incidence of AES in children of the litchi-belt of Bihar after a consistent decline over the past few years needs to be investigated. Any lacunae in the monitoring mechanism that was put in place to prevent this disease should be rectified immediately to avoid a similar situation from occurring in future.
Malnutrition is an ongoing problem across the country and Bihar has one of the worst records on this front. The cause of malnutrition seems to be imbalanced diet rather than poverty and hunger. A massive program for the education of parents is needed to bring about a change in dietary habits from carbohydrate-overloaded to a balanced meal. This will admittedly be a challenge that will require long-term vision and commitment as behavioural and dietary changes are very difficult to inculcate in the community.
Simultaneously, a litchi-belt-specific program must be conducted in schools and community warning children and adults of the dangers associated with consumption of litchis in undernourished children, and parents must be encouraged to ensure a proper dinner to all children consuming this fruit.
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text:
Family Violence: Legal, Medical, and Social Perspectives
Harvey Wallace, Cliff Roberson, Julie L. Globokar
Textbook - 554 Pages
ISBN 9781138363342 - CAT# K396535
ISBN 9780429431661 - CAT# KE68590
June 10, 2019 by Routledge
Family Violence: Legal, Medical, and Social Perspectives examines the entire spectrum of family violence, focusing on social processes and social relationships.
The Ninth Edition of Family Violence is a comprehensive updated version of the classic text on family violence. In addition to the updates to each chapter, the new edition features new research, comments, and discussions on the #MeToo Movement, same gender couples, elder abuse, stalking, partner abuse, and law enforcement's updated responses to these incidents. The new edition, however, still retains the coverage of the seminal research studies that are the bases of popular theories on partner and family violence. In the new edition, the authors have sought to make the material more understandable to the readers so that instructors will not need to waste valuable class time explaining the text.
Foreword; Preface; Chapter 1 Characteristics and Consequences of Family Violence; Chapter 2 Intimate Partner Abuse and Relationship Violence; Chapter 3 The Criminal Justice Response to Intimate Partner Abuse and Relationship Violence; Chapter 4 Elder Abuse; Chapter 5 Physical Child Abuse; Chapter 6 Child Sexual Abuse; Chapter 7 Child Neglect; Chapter 8 Sibling Abuse; Chapter 9 Child Exploitation; Chapter 10 Special Issues in Child Abuse and Trauma; Chapter 11 Professionals and Their Responses to Child Abuse; Chapter 12 Special Populations and Family Violence; Chapter 13 Sexual Violence; Chapter 14 Stalking; Chapter 15 Victims' Issues
Cliff Roberson
Professor Emeritus, Washburn University
Learn more about Cliff Roberson »
Harvey Wallace (1944–2007) was a Professor in the Criminology Department, California State University, Fresno. He served as Chairman of the Department of Criminology. During his tenure as Chairman, the department embarked on a number of innovative programs. He was the Associate Dean for the College of Social Sciences at California State University, Fresno from 2003 to 2005.Professor Wallace received a Jurist Doctorate Degree from California Western School of Law, an MPA from Golden Gate University and a BS in Criminology from California State University, Fresno. He was considered a subject matter expert by the U.S. Department of Justice in Family Violence and Victimology. He was the author or co-author of nine college texts and has been published in a number of refereed and scholarly journals, as well as presenting his research at a variety of international and national conferences. Professor Wallace was an attorney licensed to practice law in the State of California and his professional experience included appointment as the City Attorney of the City of Fresno, service as the County Counsel for the County of Butte, private practice in a media law firm and experience as a Deputy District Attorney in San Diego, California. In 2008, the Northern California Mock Trial Regional was renamed the Harvey Wallace Northern California Mock Trial Regional in his memory.
Cliff Roberson LLM, Ph.D. is an Emeritus Professor of Criminal Justice at Washburn University, Topeka, Kansas and a retired Professor of Criminology at California State University, Fresno, California. Dr. Roberson's non-academic experience includes U.S. Marine Corps service as an infantry officer, trial and defense counsel, and military judge as a marine judge advocate, and Director of the Military Law Branch, U.S. Marine Corps. He has authored or co-authored numerous books and texts on legal subjects and victims' issues. His previous academic experiences include Associate Vice-President for Academic Affairs, Arkansas Tech University; Dean of Arts and Sciences, University of Houston, Victoria; Director of Programs, National College of District Attorneys; Professor of Criminology and Director of Justice Center, California State University, Fresno; and Assistant Professor of Criminal Justice, St. Edwards University. Other legal employment experiences include Trial Supervisor, Office of State Counsel for Offenders, Texas Board of Criminal Justice and judge pro tem in the California courts.
Julie L. Globokar, Ph.D., is an Associate Professor in the at the Sociology Department of Concordia University-Chicago in River Forest, Illinois. Dr. Globokar earned her Ph.D. in Criminology, Law, and Justice from the University of Illinois at Chicago. Her academic work centers on the contextual and historical factors that shape responses to crime, including victim services, probation, and gang policy. Her publications include co-authored works on topics such as domestic violence, victim advocacy, and victim experiences in the Journal of Interpersonal Violence, British Journal of Criminology, International Review of Victimology, and Law Enforcement Executive Forum. Dr. Globokar is involved in anti-violence work in Chicago, particularly as chairperson of the board for Boxing Out Negativity, a program on the city's West side that empowers at-risk youth ages 8–17 to realize the best within themselves.


text:
Q: How to show a radio button one by one on php or html I'm new to php and html and I was wondering, how having a code like below:

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In 1924 an existing orange grove property, in the town of Mentone, was split and Walter M. McIntosh erected a lovely fieldstone house in 1925. This home's exterior, which is stuccoed on the interior, is in the Craftsman style and completely made from large irregular river rocks, or fieldstones, with wood trim around the window and door openings. Originating in southern California, the Craftsman style quickly spread throughout the country by pattern books and popular magazines but faded after the mid 1920s. To this day, the 1.88-acre property lies on the south side of Mentone Boulevard in the unincorporated area of San Bernardino County.
Apparently, Mr. McIntosh never resided here because the house and property were leased to Jessie M. Savage the first two years for cultivating oranges. In 1927 Mr. Savage purchased the property and remained until 1939.
An asymmetrical small cross gable in the front with a partial-width front porch bisects the low-pitched side-gabled roof with exposed rafter tails. In the back a larger cross gable finishes the 1,300 square feet of living space contained on a single floor. The stone exterior chimney with symmetrical adjoining windows is prevalent for the Craftsman. All the casement windows, plus the front door, have an interesting decorative geometric detailing in wood. This creates small square lights in each corner and elongated narrow lights on all four sides of each window. The detached garage, to the southwest side of the property, is completely made of fieldstones as well.In 1939 this became the property of Frederick S. and Josephine Helen Paine. From 1955 C. W. and Essie R. Royce owned the property until they sold it to Judith Marie Anderson in 1962. It was during her ownership period, on December 6, 1966, that the current owners, Richard and Donna Rozema purchased two separate adjoining orange grove properties. This piece of property changed hands one more time, in 1977, when it was purchased by Kenneth D. and Kathleen M. Cooper before the Rozema's purchased this house to accompany their existing grove property in 2001.
Today the Rozema's sell produce, including oranges, avocados, and tangerines, from a roadside stand in front of this adorable Craftsman. The Redlands Area Historical Society congratulates the Rozema's for continuing to maintain the authenticity of this charming historical fieldstone home.


This is a Norway Maple tree.
Norway maple was introduced from England to the U.S. in 1756 for use as an ornamental landscape plant. It was planted on farms and in towns for its shade, hardiness and adaptability to adverse conditions. Unfortunately, this tree species is considered invasive because it displaces native trees, shrubs, and forest understory plants. Once established, it creates a canopy of dense shade that prevents regeneration of native seedlings.
How many Norway Maples do you see?


text:
La Superliga Femenina Fútbol de Venezuela es el torneo de mayor relevancia y la máxima categoría en el fútbol femenino profesional venezolano (equivalente a la primera división del fútbol femenino de Venezuela), es organizado por la Federación Venezolana de Fútbol, a través de la Comisión de Fútbol Femenino.
El equipo campeón clasifica a la Copa Libertadores Femenina.

Historia
El primer campeonato se organizó en el 2017 con la participación de 14 equipos.

Hasta 2016 Venezuela tenía una liga amateur de fútbol femenino y los contratos para las jugadoras no eran obligatorios. Ahora, con la creación de la Superliga Femenina de Fútbol en 2017, las jugadoras criollas tendrán salarios, seguro y mayor protección para desarrollar su carrera deportiva.

Sistema de competición

La Súperliga Femenina de Fútbol de Venezuela tendrá una duración aproximada de ocho meses y se dividirá en dos torneos a lo largo del año: Torneo Apertura y Torneo Clausura. Cada uno tendrá una duración aproximada de 4 meses.

A su vez, cada uno de éstos torneos se compondrá de dos fases; en la primera instancia los 14 equipos se dividirán en dos grupos de siete, respetando para esto criterios de cercanía geográfica (Grupo Centro Occidental y Grupo Centro Oriental), en esta fase los siete equipos de cada grupo jugarán partidos de ida y vuelta entre sí en un total de 14 fechas, jugando cada uno un total de doce juegos por torneo. La segunda fase de cada torneo constará de semifinales y final definiéndose los emparejamientos de la siguiente manera: 1º del Occidental vs 2º del Oriental y 1º del Oriental vs 2º del Occidental, los ganadores de cada llave avanzarán a la gran final del torneo. Tanto las semifinales como la final se jugarán a partidos de ida y vuelta. Quien resulte ganador del torneo Apertura asegura una plaza para disputar la final absoluta contra el campeón del torneo Clausura.

Durante las primeras dos temporadas no habrán ascensos ni descensos con la finalidad de afianzar la competencia nacional.

Participantes Temporada 2019
La temporada 2019 inicia el 6 de mayo con la participación de 12 equipos, que disputarán el torneo apertura.

Palmarés

Títulos por clubes
 Un total de 3 clubes han obtenido al menos un título en la competición.

Véase también
 Copa Libertadores de América Femenina
 Selección femenina de fútbol de Venezuela
 Federación Venezolana de Fútbol
 Liga Nacional Femenino de Venezuela

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 Fútbol Femenino Venezuela
 Federación Venezolana de Fútbol
 SoloFutfemvzla.com

Superliga femenina de fútbol de Venezuela

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Irish Taoiseach Leo Varadkar votes as Ireland holds a referendum on liberalizing its law on abortion.
Voters in Ireland are heading to the polls this morning to decide whether the country should repeal its abortion laws, which are some of the most restrictive in the world.
In the country's sixth referendum on the issue, Irish people will vote 'Yes' or 'No' on whether the constitution's Eighth Amendment - which gives pregnant women and unborn fetuses an equal right to life - should be repealed.
The referendum has seen Irish people living all over the world return to their home country to vote, with others who have been out of Ireland too long to qualify flying back to campaign for their camp.
According to the country's Local Government Department, more than 3.2 million people are registered to vote.
The polls, which opened at 7am on Friday, will close at 10pm, with the results expected to be announced on Saturday.
HuffPost UK is in Dublin with Amy Garland, 24, Emilia MacDermot, 24, and Leigh Garland, 19, who are all voting yes.
Voters have been barred from wearing campaign pins or jumpers while casting their ballot in the highly-charged referendum, with canvassing banned within 50 metres of polling stations.
The vote could see a radical change in women's access to abortions in Ireland.
Under the country's current legislation on abortion, terminating a pregnancy is effectively illegal. Women who breach the law can face up to 14 years in prison.
While Irish politicians voted to allow terminations under "limited circumstances" in 2013 - including when the mother's life is under threat as a result of the pregnancy - just 25 legal abortions were carried out in Ireland in 2016.
In the same year, 3,265 Irish women travelled to the UK for a termination. Amy said: "I think we all know someone who's had to travel to have an abortion.
"For people who do manage to get abroad, if they come back and they have complications, like bleeding, like haemorrhaging, it's very risky for them to seek aftercare here. People are scared.
The cost of travelling abroad is also an issue. Leigh said: "Abortion in Ireland is a class issue. If the 8th amendment stays as it is, the same people who can afford to go abroad will keep going abroad.
If current laws are overturned, women will be able to legally obtain an abortion within the first 12 weeks of pregnancy and up to 24 weeks in cases where the woman's life or health is at risk.
Terminations will also be allowed if the unborn baby had a fatal abnormality.
Not everyone had an easy time getting to polls - a Dublin-bound passenger jet carrying dozens of voters home was hit by another plane preparing for take-off at Stansted Airport.
Both planes were on the taxiway when the tail of the Ryanair aircraft was clipped by the wing of a Primera flight to Malaga, Ryanair said in a statement.
No one was injured and normal flights have resumed.
Campaigners calling for a No vote have said they believe the outcome of the referendum is too close to call.
Save the 8th campaign chairwoman Niamh Ui Bhriain said they were encouraged by the high turnout being reported on Friday morning.
She said more than 4,000 volunteers were helping voters get to and from the polls on Friday.
"The Irish people are very clear about what they are voting on today – this is abortion on demand," Ui Bhriain claimed.
President Michael D Higgins and his wife Sabina cast their votes in Dublin on Friday morning.
Around two hours later Taoiseach Leo Varadkar, a vocal advocate for repeal, voted in the city.
"I always get a little buzz from voting, it just feels like it is democracy in action," Varadkar said after emerging from the polling station at Castleknock.
"Not taking anything for granted of course, but quietly confident – there's been good turnout across the country so far and hoping for a Yes vote tomorrow.
He urged voters not to be distracted by the sunny weather and exercise their democratic right.
Leader of the main opposition party, Fianna Fail's Micheal Martin, voted to repeal in his constituency in Cork while Sinn Fein President Mary Lou McDonald also cast a Yes vote in Dublin.
However, her Sinn Fein party colleague and vocal anti-abortion campaigner Peadar Toibin called on Irish people to vote No to "abortion on demand".
"The irony that the referendum on abortion is being held on International Missing Children's Day will not be lost on many Irish people," he tweeted.
The debate during eight weeks of campaigning has been divisive, with the leaders of all the main political parties, including Fine Gael leader Mr Varadkar, backing change.


Wicked Fabrics' OEKO-TEX 100 cotton elastane jersey knit in Red accented with small white dots is ethically manufactured in Europe. Fabric is soft and has great recovery. It's the perfect fabric for a variety of sewing projects such as t-shirts, leggings, underwear, lounge wear, baby or kids apparel and adult apparel.


I always buy fresh berries then freeze them and blend them from frozen. I prefer things cold but I don't like using ice. Otherwise I would use fresh!
How long would this stay fresh in the fridge once it is ready to eat?
Wow, that's a long time! Although if it tastes as good as it looks, it probably won't last that long in my house :-) Thanks.


The universal symbol indicates that a product sold in an Oregon dispensary or OLCC retail shop contains cannabis.
As of October 1, 2016, this symbol is required on all cannabis products being sold in Oregon dispensaries or OLCC retail shops, including cannabis plants, seeds, usable marijuana and cannabinoid products, as outlined in OAR 333-007 in the labeling rules.
The symbol must be at least .48 inches wide by .35 inches high.


Westport, located in Fairfield County along the Long Island Sound, has a history dating its first inhabitants back to over 7,500 years ago! A rich culture of artists, musicians and authors aided Westport's growth in the 1950's. Now, home to a population of over 26,000, Westport has developed into a center of finance and insurance, and professional, scientific and technical services.
A lovely downtown area with plenty of shopping and dining makes Westport a desirable place to live and visit. To learn more about this area, visit the Town of Westport website here. Westport offers a lovely downtown area. Shopping, dining and entertainment with a view of the Long Island Sound, Westport is a hot spot in Fairfield County.
Craftsman Contracting is a home remodeling and construction contractor that has completed many projects in the Westport area. We are experienced in all areas of home remodeling and construction but we choose to specialize in kitchen remodeling, bathroom remodeling and custom carpentry projects such as finish carpentry, custom decks, built-ins, renovations and more.
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50 page per minute digital copier/printer. Prints short run digital documents including custom letters and variable data forms/statements. Scans at 50 pages per minute and has in line collating and stapling available to finish your documents.


A ghost sign is a painted advertisement on a building, most prominent prior to the 1930s (sometimes dating back to the late 1800s). They are typically painted on brick buildings. People have begun to document these fading remnants of advertising in urban environments, and digital archives of ghost signs are building across the United States and beyond.
The Ghost Signs of Louisville collection emerged from a partnership between the University of Louisville Libraries and Fine Arts department. Archives and Special Collections Assistant Curator Amy Purcell presented the idea for the digital collection to Mary Carothers, Associate Professor of Photography in Fine Arts, who included it as assignment in her Documentary Photography (Art 390) class in fall 2011.
The students searched a selected neighborhood(s) for ghost signs, photographed them, and recorded information about each image (pdf). Of the 201 photographs submitted by the class, 122 were added to the digital collection. Libraries employees went out and photographed additional images, and community members have also contributed. This collection will continue to grow with future submissions.
The images on this website are licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike Licenses.
Photographer Vincent Rozanskas is willing to provide higher-resolution copies of his photographs for non-commercial purposes. Please contact the Digital Initiatives Librarian for more information.
[Item title], Ghost Signs of Louisville Collection, University of Louisville Photographic Archives, Louisville, Kentucky. Include the reference URL (found by following the link in the header above the digital file).
Fall 2011 Documentary Photography students, along with University Libraries faculty and staff and community members, took the photographs included on this site and created metadata for their images.
Rachel I. Howard standardized and edited all metadata in accordance with the University of Louisville Digital Initiatives data dictionary (PDF), resized the images using IrfanView version 4.27, and uploaded the images and metadata into CONTENTdm Digital Collection Management Software version 6.1.1.
Terri L. Holtze designed the HTML pages and the HistoryPin map. Dwayne K. Buttler, J.D., provided copyright advice.


CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME OCCURS OCCURS WHEN THE MEDIAN NERVE IN THE WRIST HAS BECOME COMPRESSED BECAUSE THE TRANSVERSE CARPAL LIGAMENT HAS SHORTED.
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) has become one of the most widespread occupational health problems we face today. It affects millions of people a year, and with our growing reliance on computers, there seems to be no end in sight.
The syndrome is caused by pressure on the median nerve just above the wrist. Pressure on this nerve can be caused by an injury or sustained use from everyday activities like typing, chopping, hammering, or pushing. Symptoms of CTS range from wrist pain, numbness, tingling, burning, weakness or loss of grip strength, and loss of sleep due to discomfort.
There are a number of different ways to treat this condition. In most cases, a chiropractic adjustment to the affected area is an extremely useful solution. In some cases, a misalignment in either the back or neck can cause this condition, and chiropractic manipulation of the neck or spine can also serve as an effective treatment option. These treatments, along with physical therapy, stretching, and strengthening exercises, can in most cases effectively alleviate and eventually eliminate the symptoms associated with CTS. Contact our chiropractor... We can help!
Dr. Theo Kieu explains how chiropractic care can help avoid the need for invasive and expensive surgery to cure the condition. If you have any further questions or would like to learn more about the treatment reach out to our office anytime.


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Scheerer Mcculloch Single & Three Phase Motors, Gearboxes, Gear Speed Reducers, Gearmotors, Pumps, Air Compressors. Baldor, Ohio Gear, Browning, GE, Lincoln, Leeson.
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text:
package org.apache.giraph.job;

import org.apache.giraph.combiner.MessageCombiner;
import org.apache.giraph.conf.GiraphConstants;
import org.apache.giraph.conf.ImmutableClassesGiraphConfiguration;
import org.apache.giraph.edge.OutEdges;
import org.apache.giraph.factories.DefaultVertexValueFactory;
import org.apache.giraph.factories.VertexValueFactory;
import org.apache.giraph.graph.DefaultVertexResolver;
import org.apache.giraph.graph.VertexValueCombiner;
import org.apache.giraph.graph.VertexResolver;
import org.apache.giraph.io.EdgeInputFormat;
import org.apache.giraph.io.EdgeOutputFormat;
import org.apache.giraph.io.VertexInputFormat;
import org.apache.giraph.io.VertexOutputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Writable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.WritableComparable;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;

import static org.apache.giraph.conf.GiraphConstants.VERTEX_EDGES_CLASS;
import static org.apache.giraph.conf.GiraphConstants.VERTEX_RESOLVER_CLASS;
import static org.apache.giraph.utils.ReflectionUtils.getTypeArguments;

/**
 * GiraphConfigurationValidator attempts to verify the consistency of
 * user-chosen InputFormat, OutputFormat, and Vertex generic type
 * parameters as well as the general Configuration settings
 * before the job run actually begins.
 *
 * @param <I> the Vertex ID type
 * @param <V> the Vertex Value type
 * @param <E> the Edge Value type
 * @param <M1> the incoming Message type
 * @param <M2> the outgoing Message type
 */
public class GiraphConfigurationValidator<I extends WritableComparable,
    V extends Writable, E extends Writable, M1 extends Writable,
    M2 extends Writable> {
  /**
   * Class logger object.
   */
  private static Logger LOG =
    Logger.getLogger(GiraphConfigurationValidator.class);

  /** I param vertex index in classList */
  private static final int ID_PARAM_INDEX = 0;
  /** V param vertex index in classList */
  private static final int VALUE_PARAM_INDEX = 1;
  /** E param vertex index in classList */
  private static final int EDGE_PARAM_INDEX = 2;
  /** M param vertex combiner index in classList */
  private static final int MSG_COMBINER_PARAM_INDEX = 1;
  /** E param edge input format index in classList */
  private static final int EDGE_PARAM_EDGE_INPUT_FORMAT_INDEX = 1;
  /** E param vertex edges index in classList */
  private static final int EDGE_PARAM_OUT_EDGES_INDEX = 1;
  /** V param vertex value factory index in classList */
  private static final int VALUE_PARAM_VERTEX_VALUE_FACTORY_INDEX = 0;
  /** V param vertex value combiner index in classList */
  private static final int VALUE_PARAM_VERTEX_VALUE_COMBINER_INDEX = 0;

  /**
   * The Configuration object for use in the validation test.
   */
  private ImmutableClassesGiraphConfiguration conf;

  /**
   * Constructor to execute the validation test, throws
   * unchecked exception to end job run on failure.
   *
   * @param conf the Configuration for this run.
   */
  public GiraphConfigurationValidator(Configuration conf) {
    this.conf = new ImmutableClassesGiraphConfiguration(conf);
  }

  /**
   * Get vertex id type
   *
   * @return vertex id type
   */
  private Class<? extends WritableComparable> vertexIndexType() {
    return conf.getGiraphTypes().getVertexIdClass();
  }

  /**
   * Get vertex value type
   *
   * @return vertex value type
   */
  private Class<? extends Writable> vertexValueType() {
    return conf.getGiraphTypes().getVertexValueClass();
  }

  /**
   * Get edge value type
   *
   * @return edge value type
   */
  private Class<? extends Writable> edgeValueType() {
    return conf.getGiraphTypes().getEdgeValueClass();
  }

  /**
   * Get outgoing message value type
   *
   * @return outgoing message value type
   */
  private Class<? extends Writable> outgoingMessageValueType() {
    return conf.getGiraphTypes().getOutgoingMessageValueClass();
  }

  /**
   * Make sure that all registered classes have matching types.  This
   * is a little tricky due to type erasure, cannot simply get them from
   * the class type arguments.  Also, set the vertex index, vertex value,
   * edge value and message value classes.
   */
  public void validateConfiguration() {
    checkConfiguration();
    verifyOutEdgesGenericTypes();
    verifyVertexInputFormatGenericTypes();
    verifyEdgeInputFormatGenericTypes();
    verifyVertexOutputFormatGenericTypes();
    verifyEdgeOutputFormatGenericTypes();
    verifyVertexResolverGenericTypes();
    verifyVertexValueCombinerGenericTypes();
    verifyMessageCombinerGenericTypes();
    verifyVertexValueFactoryGenericTypes();
  }

  /**
   * Make sure the configuration is set properly by the user prior to
   * submitting the job.
   */
  private void checkConfiguration() {
    if (conf.getMaxWorkers() < 0) {
      throw new RuntimeException("checkConfiguration: No valid " +
          GiraphConstants.MAX_WORKERS);
    }
    if (conf.getMinPercentResponded() <= 0.0f ||
        conf.getMinPercentResponded() > 100.0f) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException(
          "checkConfiguration: Invalid " + conf.getMinPercentResponded() +
              " for " + GiraphConstants.MIN_PERCENT_RESPONDED.getKey());
    }
    if (conf.getMinWorkers() < 0) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException("checkConfiguration: No valid " +
          GiraphConstants.MIN_WORKERS);
    }
    conf.createComputationFactory().checkConfiguration(conf);
    if (conf.getVertexInputFormatClass() == null &&
        conf.getEdgeInputFormatClass() == null) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException("checkConfiguration: One of " +
          GiraphConstants.VERTEX_INPUT_FORMAT_CLASS.getKey() + " and " +
          GiraphConstants.EDGE_INPUT_FORMAT_CLASS.getKey() +
          " must be non-null");
    }
    if (conf.getVertexResolverClass() == null) {
      if (LOG.isInfoEnabled()) {
        LOG.info("checkConfiguration: No class found for " +
            VERTEX_RESOLVER_CLASS.getKey() +
            ", defaulting to " +
            VERTEX_RESOLVER_CLASS.getDefaultClass().getCanonicalName());
      }
    }
    if (conf.getOutEdgesClass() == null) {
      if (LOG.isInfoEnabled()) {
        LOG.info("checkConfiguration: No class found for " +
            VERTEX_EDGES_CLASS.getKey() + ", defaulting to " +
            VERTEX_EDGES_CLASS.getDefaultClass().getCanonicalName());
      }
    }
  }

  /**
   * Verify matching generic types for a specific OutEdges class.
   *
   * @param outEdgesClass {@link org.apache.giraph.edge.OutEdges} class to check
   */
  private void verifyOutEdgesGenericTypesClass(
      Class<? extends OutEdges<I, E>> outEdgesClass) {
    Class<?>[] classList = getTypeArguments(OutEdges.class, outEdgesClass);
    checkAssignable(classList, ID_PARAM_INDEX, vertexIndexType(),
        OutEdges.class, "vertex index");
    checkAssignable(classList, EDGE_PARAM_OUT_EDGES_INDEX, edgeValueType(),
        OutEdges.class, "edge value");
  }

  /** Verify matching generic types in OutEdges. */
  private void verifyOutEdgesGenericTypes() {
    Class<? extends OutEdges<I, E>> outEdgesClass =
        conf.getOutEdgesClass();
    Class<? extends OutEdges<I, E>> inputOutEdgesClass =
        conf.getInputOutEdgesClass();
    verifyOutEdgesGenericTypesClass(outEdgesClass);
    verifyOutEdgesGenericTypesClass(inputOutEdgesClass);
  }

  /** Verify matching generic types in VertexInputFormat. */
  private void verifyVertexInputFormatGenericTypes() {
    Class<? extends VertexInputFormat<I, V, E>> vertexInputFormatClass =
      conf.getVertexInputFormatClass();
    if (vertexInputFormatClass != null) {
      Class<?>[] classList =
          getTypeArguments(VertexInputFormat.class, vertexInputFormatClass);
      checkAssignable(classList, ID_PARAM_INDEX, vertexIndexType(),
          VertexInputFormat.class, "vertex index");
      checkAssignable(classList, VALUE_PARAM_INDEX, vertexValueType(),
          VertexInputFormat.class, "vertex value");
      checkAssignable(classList, EDGE_PARAM_INDEX, edgeValueType(),
          VertexInputFormat.class, "edge value");
    }
  }

  /** Verify matching generic types in EdgeInputFormat. */
  private void verifyEdgeInputFormatGenericTypes() {
    Class<? extends EdgeInputFormat<I, E>> edgeInputFormatClass =
        conf.getEdgeInputFormatClass();
    if (edgeInputFormatClass != null) {
      Class<?>[] classList =
          getTypeArguments(EdgeInputFormat.class, edgeInputFormatClass);
      checkAssignable(classList, ID_PARAM_INDEX, vertexIndexType(),
          EdgeInputFormat.class, "vertex index");
      checkAssignable(classList, EDGE_PARAM_EDGE_INPUT_FORMAT_INDEX,
          edgeValueType(), EdgeInputFormat.class, "edge value");
    }
  }

  /**
   * If there is a vertex value combiner type, verify its
   * generic params match the job.
   */
  private void verifyVertexValueCombinerGenericTypes() {
    Class<? extends VertexValueCombiner<V>> vertexValueCombiner =
        conf.getVertexValueCombinerClass();
    if (vertexValueCombiner != null) {
      Class<?>[] classList =
          getTypeArguments(VertexValueCombiner.class, vertexValueCombiner);
      checkAssignable(classList, VALUE_PARAM_VERTEX_VALUE_COMBINER_INDEX,
          vertexValueType(), VertexValueCombiner.class, "vertex value");
    }
  }

  /**
   * If there is a message combiner type, verify its
   * generic params match the job.
   */
  private void verifyMessageCombinerGenericTypes() {
    Class<? extends MessageCombiner<I, M2>> messageCombinerClass =
      conf.getMessageCombinerClass();
    if (messageCombinerClass != null) {
      Class<?>[] classList =
          getTypeArguments(MessageCombiner.class, messageCombinerClass);
      checkEquals(classList, ID_PARAM_INDEX, vertexIndexType(),
          MessageCombiner.class, "vertex index");
      checkEquals(classList, MSG_COMBINER_PARAM_INDEX,
          outgoingMessageValueType(), MessageCombiner.class, "message value");
    }
  }

  /** Verify that the vertex output format's generic params match the job. */
  private void verifyVertexOutputFormatGenericTypes() {
    Class<? extends EdgeOutputFormat<I, V, E>>
      edgeOutputFormatClass = conf.getEdgeOutputFormatClass();
    if (conf.hasEdgeOutputFormat()) {
      Class<?>[] classList =
        getTypeArguments(EdgeOutputFormat.class, edgeOutputFormatClass);
      checkAssignable(classList, ID_PARAM_INDEX, vertexIndexType(),
          VertexOutputFormat.class, "vertex index");
      checkAssignable(classList, VALUE_PARAM_INDEX, vertexValueType(),
          VertexOutputFormat.class, "vertex value");
      checkAssignable(classList, EDGE_PARAM_INDEX, edgeValueType(),
          VertexOutputFormat.class, "edge value");
    }
  }

  /** Verify that the edge output format's generic params match the job. */
  private void verifyEdgeOutputFormatGenericTypes() {
    Class<? extends VertexOutputFormat<I, V, E>>
      vertexOutputFormatClass = conf.getVertexOutputFormatClass();
    if (conf.hasVertexOutputFormat()) {
      Class<?>[] classList =
        getTypeArguments(VertexOutputFormat.class, vertexOutputFormatClass);
      checkAssignable(classList, ID_PARAM_INDEX, vertexIndexType(),
          VertexOutputFormat.class, "vertex index");
      checkAssignable(classList, VALUE_PARAM_INDEX, vertexValueType(),
          VertexOutputFormat.class, "vertex value");
      checkAssignable(classList, EDGE_PARAM_INDEX, edgeValueType(),
          VertexOutputFormat.class, "edge value");
    }
  }

  /** Verify that the vertex value factory's type matches the job */
  private void verifyVertexValueFactoryGenericTypes() {
    Class<? extends VertexValueFactory<V>>
        vvfClass = conf.getVertexValueFactoryClass();
    if (DefaultVertexValueFactory.class.equals(vvfClass)) {
      return;
    }
    Class<?>[] classList = getTypeArguments(VertexValueFactory.class, vvfClass);
    checkEquals(classList, VALUE_PARAM_VERTEX_VALUE_FACTORY_INDEX,
        vertexValueType(), VertexValueFactory.class, "vertex value");
  }

  /**
   * If there is a vertex resolver,
   * validate the generic parameter types.
   * */
  private void verifyVertexResolverGenericTypes() {
    Class<? extends VertexResolver<I, V, E>>
        vrClass = conf.getVertexResolverClass();
    if (DefaultVertexResolver.class.equals(vrClass)) {
      return;
    }
    Class<?>[] classList =
        getTypeArguments(VertexResolver.class, vrClass);
    checkEquals(classList, ID_PARAM_INDEX, vertexIndexType(),
        VertexResolver.class, "vertex index");
    checkEquals(classList, VALUE_PARAM_INDEX, vertexValueType(),
        VertexResolver.class, "vertex value");
    checkEquals(classList, EDGE_PARAM_INDEX, edgeValueType(),
        VertexResolver.class, "edge value");
  }

  /**
   * Check that the type from computation equals the type from the class.
   *
   * @param classList classes from type
   * @param index array index of class to check
   * @param classFromComputation class from computation
   * @param klass Class type we're checking, only used for printing name
   * @param typeName Name of type we're checking
   */
  private static void checkEquals(Class<?>[] classList, int index,
      Class<?> classFromComputation, Class klass, String typeName) {
    if (classList[index] == null) {
      LOG.warn(klass.getSimpleName() + " " + typeName + " type is not known");
    } else if (!classList[index].equals(classFromComputation)) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException(
          "checkClassTypes: " + typeName + " types not equal, " +
              "computation - " + classFromComputation +
              ", " + klass.getSimpleName() + " - " +
              classList[index]);
    }
  }

  /**
   * Check that the type from computation is assignable to type from the class.
   *
   * @param classList classes from type
   * @param index array index of class to check
   * @param classFromComputation class from computation
   * @param klass Class type we're checking, only used for printing name
   * @param typeName Name of type we're checking
   */
  private static void checkAssignable(Class<?>[] classList, int index,
      Class<?> classFromComputation, Class klass, String typeName) {
    if (classList[index] == null) {
      LOG.warn(klass.getSimpleName() + " " + typeName + " type is not known");
    } else if (!classList[index].isAssignableFrom(classFromComputation)) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException(
          "checkClassTypes: " + typeName + " types not assignable, " +
              "computation - " + classFromComputation +
              ", " + klass.getSimpleName() + " - " +
              classList[EDGE_PARAM_EDGE_INPUT_FORMAT_INDEX]);
    }
  }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Anyone need an Area 51 manual? I used to have an Area 51 in my collection and I recently found a copy of the manual. It is not original. It is an exact copy but it is a nice copy, it's complete, and it's nicely bound with front and back covers. FREE to anyone who wants it.
I'll happily mail it it anyone in the lower 48 at my expense. Outside of there I'm willing to send but we'll have to look up rates and I'll have to get some $$ from you.


In this new podcast Dr. Jeff Myer and Dr. Mike Sevilla look at the lighter side of Medicine and some tougher topics too. This week we talk about how we got here and our journey through Medicine.
This week Chris becomes a curmudgeon when we discuss D block and changes. He thinks everything is a conspiracy. Look out X-Files.
This week we discuss Odd EMS news the past 2 weeks and get an update from Mr. Wingrove on the happenings from around the globe.
This week we discuss the article from JEMS.com about Bath Salt Abuse. Danger lots of clinical education ahead.
This week Scott takes on the world with the Fire v. EMS v. Privates. Well we give him some rope, but then we take off on new subjects.


text:
Best of Sac State
Sac State's American River Courtyard wins 'Best On-Campus Housing'
The American River Courtyard is the 2019 "Best On-Campus Housing" winner in The State Hornet's third annual Best of Sac State poll.
The AMC holds up to 606 students, but only permits sophomores and up, as well as transfer, graduate and international students, according to their website.
The AMC structure is four floors high, with studios and suites holding up to five bedrooms. One notable difference in this particular dorm is that each unit is apartment style and students get to have their own room and a kitchenette in every suite.
"I'm a transfer student and I wanted my own room. I wanted privacy," said Bethany Griffith, a desk attendant and resident at AMC. "My brother actually lived here when he came to school here and he recommended it."
Griffith said that as an older transfer student, she was looking to have her own space. She said she really likes that she can just go downstairs to go to work and doesn't have to worry about driving elsewhere.
The suites at AMC all come with two bathrooms, making it easier for residents to access and have privacy.
Sophomore Julianna Murrieta said there's a huge difference between the freshman dorms she lived in last year and the AMC, one being the bathroom accessibility.
"I used to have to cross the hall if I wanted to go to the restroom," Murrieta said. "Luckily my room was close to it."
AMC also provides residents with a computer lab, study room, study lounge and recreational area. Students in the residence halls also have access to a swimming pool, tennis courts and basketball courts.
"It's clean, it's quiet," Griffith said. "I always recommend it because you have like an apartment. You get your own room. I love AMC, so I voted. I lived here for two years. Because I have been content, I haven't wanted to go anywhere else."
For a full list of 2019 Best of Sac State results, click here.
RESULTS: Best of Sac State 2020
Taco Bell voted 'Best Off-Campus Eatery'
BEST MOVIE YOU'D RECOMMEND EVERYONE WATCH: Onward
BEST TAKEOUT FOOD: Pizza
BEST VIDEO GAME: Animal Crossing: New Horizons
BEST THING DONE IN QUARANTINE OUT OF BOREDOM: Sleeping
SKINCARE HOLY GRAIL: Drinking water
BEST HOME-COOKED MEAL: Mac and cheese
BEST INDOORS ACTIVITY: Painting
BEST LOCAL WEEKEND ACTIVITY: Hiking


Cropped, knit, cashmere or cut-out, our sweater edit will help you reach those #loungeweargoals in no time. So whether you're layering up for a brisk spring walk or nailing casual Friday at the office, here are four standout separates we can't stop thinking about.
Nothing says cosy cool like a luxe chunky knit. This trusty staple will never go out of season and boy, has it has seen a revival, or three! This season it has a deconstructed spin – think hooded, zipped or asymmetrical.
We love: An oversized longline ivory cardigan with zigzag knit detailing, ribbed cuffs and a ribbed hem. Because it's still pretty chilly out there.
Wear yours with: Dark selvedge denim and laser-cut brogues, for your best 'blogger about town' look.
From adjustable tie sleeves to draped backs, when it comes to knitwear it's all in the cut.
We love: A ribbed camel jumper with cut-out sides, spun from cashmere and wool, is what dreams are made of.
Wear yours with: Brown leather culottes and velvet ankle boots for on-trend textural appeal.
The best way to inject colour into your cold-weather wardrobe is with bold knitwear, and by bold we mean sunny yellow, lime or cherry bold! Think shades that keep you cheery and bright when the weather is anything but. Because if it doesn't brighten your mood, drop it like it's hot.
We love: A fuchsia or rainbow-hued roll-neck jumper to balance neutrals or casually stop traffic.
Wear yours with: Frayed high-rise jeans and shearling trimmed boots to nail the 'chic whatever the weather' look.
Think slogans and logos are so 2017? That's where you're wrong. Logomania is still in full swing – you can thank those Bella Freud cashmere iterations – and we're not mad. Time to say it loud and proud with your cover-ups.
We love: A Givenchy-esque merino-wool jumper with playful embroidery at the sleeves. And for the evening, something a little more statement, with a slogan across the front and a contrast lurex trim.
Wear yours with: A pencil skirt and colourblocked sock boots to turn heads in the boardroom, bistro or anywhere you please.


Led by Career Services, this session will focus on skills needed to ace your interviews. Get ready for the CPT/OPT season and do not miss this important workshop!
Cost: FREE! Bring your lunch and please do not be late!


Many have marked special occasions in the history of the forum, some were just a heck of a lot of fun.
Let's Write About a Gunfighter (http://www.absolutewrite.com/forums/showthread.php?t=100577)- Hollis Brown is the gunfighter and JST5150 is the brilliant Poet Laureate who created the collaborative effort.
D (http://www.absolutewrite.com/forums/showthread.php?t=60698) - NeuroFizz brought us together with poetry when one of our members lost a beloved wife.
Blue Rock (http://www.absolutewrite.com/forums/showthread.php?t=35212)- we already have a thread in here on this amazing poetry collaboration.
Poem about the person above you (http://www.absolutewrite.com/forums/showthread.php?t=29576)- Here the poets were inspired by other poets and wrote poems to them.
AW Poetry Collection (http://www.absolutewrite.com/forums/showthread.php?p=749130#post749130)- a Stew21 ongoing effort. These people and this place have inspired me in my time here. It seems to fit in this thread because it was the AW people that made me do it.
There are more it may take me a bit to dig out. I'm working on it.
Certainly if you have seen some fine work of rhyming, even and especially, in threads outside the poetry forum, please please post links!
how could I forget Laundry Day at the Chicken Farm (http://www.absolutewrite.com/forums/showthread.php?t=37674)? Good Word started us off on this one - a la William Carlos Williams.
Another handy link is Absolute Poets' Collections (http://www.absolutewrite.com/forums/showthread.php?t=30943) - this is a thread where poets can put links to all their poems in one place. If you want to find a poet's collected AW works, this would be the place.


Add a piece of New Zealand to your desk with a Glass Art NZ Small Freestanding Koru from Lava Glass. The Koru represents the new unfurling fern frond with its spiral shape. It symbolises new life, growth, strength and peace. The circular shape of the Koru conveys the idea of perpetual movement, while the inner coil suggests a return to the point of origin.
You might also be interested in our Large Freestanding Korus.


The Speaker of Kogi State House of Assembly, Hon. Matthew Kolawole, has declared the seat of Hon. Eneche Linus representing Olomaboro constituency vacant for defecting to the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP).
But in a swift reaction, the embattled lawmaker said declaring his seat vacant was an act of recklessness on the part of the state assembly.
This is coming as the state chapter of the Judiciary Staff Union of Nigeria (JUSUN) yesterday declared an indefinite strike over unpaid six months accumulated salary arrears by the state government.
Linus is a former member of the All Progressives Congress (APC) who defected to the PDP and picked the state assembly ticket for second term.
The declaration of his seat vacant followed the adoption of a motion moved yesterday by the assembly Majority Leader, Hon. Bello Hassan Abdullahi, calling on the assembly to declare his seat vacant.
Abdullahi in his motion stated that based on his investigation, which was later transmitted to the assembly by the state Chairman of APC, Alhaji Abdullahi Bello, the lawmaker contravened section 109-1 subsection G of the 1999 Constitution as amended.
The motion, which was seconded by Hon. Ahmed Mohammed, resulted in heated argument from PDP members in the assembly because the matter wass already in court.
This was however overruled by the Speaker.
However, the motion was put to voice vote and three members voted in favour while two voted against.
Meanwhile, the embattled lawmaker said declaring his seat vacant was an act of recklessness on the part of the assembly.
While speaking with journalists, Eneche described the lawmakers' action as null and void especially as he had gone to a Lokoja High court seeking interpretation of section 109 to know if the speaker can declare his seat vacant.
According to Eneche, it was wrong for the state APC Chairman to have written the assembly to declare his seat vacant.
Meanwhile, the state chapter of the Judiciary Staff Union of Nigeria (JUSUN) yesterday declared an indefinite strike over unpaid six months accumulated salary arrears by the state government.
The state Chairman of the union, Emmanuel Waniko, in a statement issued yesterday, said the union had to embark on an indefinite strike since the state government had refused to pay them their salaries.
"The leadership of the union has been battling the state government on compliance with a 2014 federal high court judgment that mandated each state government to respect section 121(3) of the constitution that stipulates the financial independence of state judiciaries.
"Failure of both Niger and Kogi States governments to comply with the judgment compelled JUSUN to seek a garnishee order which was secured against the two states' bankers recently," he stated.
He argued that while the garnishee order was suspected to have been violated by Kogi State Government, the union has declared the strike in reaction to the government's refusal to release judiciary's subventions from which salaries are paid.