We all want to leave a legacy of some sort when we pass on. Have you ever thought about the Traditions your children will do through their lives with their own families? This all starts now in your own home, when they are little.
Living a life enriched by little touches of kindness and celebration is no easy feat in this world. Family life can be enhanced by all sorts of small thoughtful acts and activities enjoyed together. Don't try to overdo it or you'll just add to the burdens of your day. Try to select a few that suit your personal style and schedule.
Family life is often hectic. Parents race from home to school and off to soccer games, ballet lessons, birthday parties, gymnastics, and the library. Parent burnout is increasingly common, exhaustion the norm.
In half of our families, divorce, remarriage, and the creation of blended families add to the stress placed on modern family life. All too soon, the kids will shift their focus from family to friends. Countless tasks fragment any remaining sense of well-being and sap away at the stamina that we need to meet the challenges of our modern lives.
One of the most precious gifts that we can give our children is an education of the heart, nurturing their sense of joy and appreciation of life, a sense of the poetic, and of their connection to all of humanity and the universe.
Family traditions and celebration create comforting patterns to the childhood years. They help to underscore to our children the message that they are loved and cherished. Even if we don't formally belong to any organized religion, they can help us teach our children the great moral and spiritual lessons of love, kindness, joy, and confidence in the fundamental goodness of life, in simple ways that encourage them to begin the journey toward being fully alive and fully human.
Opening yourself to wonder and delight is the first step toward a celebration of life. Without a sense of wonder, all things are commonplace. But, when we open ourselves to a sense of wonder, our souls begin to stir.
More than likely, our children will lead us to rediscover our sense of curiosity and wonder. There is beauty all around us. It's so easy to find in the patterns of the waves lapping the sand, the curve of a gull's wing, in the angry force of a rain storm, or in the changing moods and colors of a mountain lake. Our children help us get back in touch with the beauty of all creation as we gather shells, yell into the wind, fly a kite, or leave a trail of footprints in the sand. Enter into these precious moments with abandon, and you will rediscover your sense of wonder, celebration, and worship.
Being alive to the beauty of our world nurtures a spirit of inner peace and reverence for life. In exploring together "how could this be?," we help our children begin their journey toward enlightenment.


Bovines have been a part of human life for thousands of years. The ancestors of cattle and bison, named aurochs, can be seen on paintings of cave walls in Europe. We have used bovines for centuries to pull plows, for their hides, for milk and cheese, and their flesh for food.
It is a safe bet that it didn't take early humans long to determine that different muscles in the carcass had different characteristics. Some were tender, some tough, some juicy, some fatty, some rich in flavor, some bland.
Nowadays most steers and heifers live on farms eating grass and hay until they are about 15 months of age. Then they are sold to huge feed lots where they stay for about four months and are fed grain, mostly a type of high calorie corn flake, and vitamins and medicines, often including antibiotics, for about four months. According to the Amazingibs.com beef scientist, Dr. Antonio Mata, "Bovines are like humans. When they consume a lot of calories they accumulate fat. First belly fat, then subcutaneous fat, then fat between the muscles, and finally intramuscular fat, which is marbling. The process is very inefficient but produces huge quantities of tasty beef at relatively low cost."
On the other hand, the process has come under a great deal of criticism for a number of issues including arguments that the method is inhumane; that the antibiotics are not killing all the bacteria and the ones that survive are antibiotic resistant, and that means that humans can no longer rely on antibiotics when they get sick; that corn subsidies are making beef artificially cheap; that these large Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations (CAFOs) create a massive environmental hazard with unmanageable quantities of waste chief among them.
More and more cattle are being finished on farms on grass rather than grain, where the manure fertilizes the grass they eventually eat. The resulting meat is more expensive, often chewier, and tastes different, with a mineral character that I remember from my youth, before CAFOs.
Some disdain the taste, some love it. Mata says "grasses vary greatly. Alfalfa hay for example, can produce beef with plenty of marbling and superb flavor. Some of the best beef I've tasted has been fed primarily alfalfa. On the other hand, winter grasses produce beef with limited amount of marbling and depending on the grass, sometimes there is a fish-like flavor. Just like beef cuts, not all grasses are created equal, and most produce marginal tasting beef."
I love the taste of both grass finished and corn finished meats. For more on the subject, read my article on beef grades. I hope to discuss these political and economic issues in depth in the future. Suffice it to say that I have read extensively on the subject, and I agree that corn subsidies, CAFOs, and antibiotic overuse are serious issues and there may be viable alternatives, but the impact of these other systems will certainly mean more expensive beef. Many of us can afford pricier beef, but many, especially those who depend on cheap ground beef, would face hardship or a major lifestyle change.
For centuries, animals were slaughtered and broken down by the town butcher and by restaurants close to where they were grown, and there was no label consistency from one butcher to the next. In 1865, immediately after the Civil War, the Union Stockyards in Chicago became a central distribution point for shipping live animals. In 1880 Gustavus Swift, a large meat processor, introduced a rail car that was well insulated, cooled by ice, and designed so that the shifting weight of hanging sides and quarters would not derail the car. The cold meat could stay fresh for days and be distributed to remote locations, like Miami, where they would be broken down by local butchers and restaurants. But the cuts and labels were still inconsistent.
This changed in War World II when the government standardized on "primal cuts" and corresponding nomenclature. There were seven primals: Chuck, rib, loin, round, short plate, shank and brisket, and flank. Some of these primal were further segmented into sub-primals: The loin is comprised of the short loin and the sirloin sub-primals.
In the 1960s a major change was pioneered by Iowa Beef Processors, called "boxed beef". They removed many bones and a significant amount of fat at the slaughterhouse, then placed the cuts in sterile shrink wrapped plastic bags without oxygen, and packed them in boxes of the same cut. Without oxygen and chilled or frozen, the meat was safe from microbial spoilage and oxidation. Pork and other meat packers followed shortly.
Butchers long ago began excavating the carcass and named the cuts of meat, muscles, and groups of muscles they discovered. The jargon is confusing. There are more than 50 common cuts in the US, and some go by multiple names. Some have been confused for so long that nobody can say for sure what a Delmonico or London broil really are. To add to the confusion, the cuts and names are different around the world, even in English speaking countries. Today the North American Meat Processors book, The NAMP Meat Buyer's Guide has become the standard by which butchers cut their meats so a chuck roll is the same coast to coast (see sidebar). It is the definitive argument ender.
In April 2013 The Beef Checkoff Program, the National Pork Board, and the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) agreed to new labeling standards in an attempt to "make things easier on the consumer". In many cases it has made things more confusing. Click here to see a pdf of all the new beef names and the old ones side by side. The old names are in the right column. I have highlighted some of the more interesting changes. New names are included below.
In general the cuts that come off the primals can be classified as (1) roasts, which are large thick muscle groups that can feed at least four people, (2) steaks, individual servings that are flat and perfect for grilling, (3) stew meat, chunks cut from odd shaped pieces, and (4) ground meat or hamburger, from scraps.
Meat scientists like the AmazingRibs.com consultant Dr. Antonio Mata have been busy digging around in the bovine carcass for decades in search of muscles and groups of muscles that deliver pleasure and profit. In 2012 Mata created and trademarked the Las Vegas Strip Steak (TM), shown here, from a muscle buried deep in the shoulder. It has a complex steely flavor, plenty of juice, and starts thin but plumps when grilled.
In the past few years he and his peers have created these newcomers, among others: Flat Iron, Petite Tender, Rib Cap, Denver Steak, Ranch Steak, Merlot Cut, Sierra Cut, Santa Fe Cut, Tucson Cut, San Antonio Cut, Round Petite Tender, Braison, Western Griller, Western Tip, and the Flat Triangle. Restaurants are seeking a leg up on the competition by featuring these new cuts.
In the past decade bison has taken off. The meat is similar to beef in flavor, but the muscles tend to have less intramuscular marbling, making them big and bold in flavor and lower in calories. I have tasted and enjoyed a number of cuts from High Plains Bison. I have also tasted other bison that had gamey flavors. Fascinating, but different from grocery store beef.
Below are the most important beef cuts in the US, from a popularity and quality standpoint, and further down is a gallery of photos. The bold names are called "primal cuts" and I have added important subcuts in italics. I will be updating it with the new info shortly. For highly technical interactive dissection of a bovine, visit the University of Nebraska Bovine Myology pages.
When shopping for meat, the muscles that have the most marbling, the most flecks of fat mixed in with the muscle fibers, are the most flavorful. Often the most tender, the muscles that don't work a lot, are the most tender. For example, the tenderloin is the most tender cut, and among the most expensive, but it is not the most tasty because it is very lean. Often the harder working muscles are more flavorful, but they are tougher. You can combat the chewiness by proper cooking, usually by reverse sear.
Here's where the best meat on the steer is found. And the most expensive. The main muscle is the loin muscle, or the longissimus dorsi which runs from between the 2nd and 3rd rib from within the chuck (shoulder) all the way through the sirloin to the hip bone. It is the longest muscle on the animal. There is one on either side of the spine.
The rib primal begins between the 5th and 6th rib and ends between the 12th and 13th rib. Well marbled ribeye steaks are the first choice of connoisseurs, prime rib roast is the ultimate feast for friends and family, and the little known rib cap, the spinalis dorsi, is the best muscle on the animal. These cuts have a perfect balance of muscle and intramuscular fat to produce optimal flavor and juiciness.
Beef ribs come in two sections, the curved back ribs from near the spine, and the straighter, meatier short ribs, from the side, which start here and continue into the short plate and even into the chuck.
Here's a section that can challenge the rib primal for primacy when cooked properly. Again, the main muscle is the longissimus dorsi muscle. The longissimus has many popular names in the loin section: Strip steak, New York strip, Kansas City strip, shell steak, loin, and strip loin.
The other main muscle in this primal is the tenderloin, or psoas major. This is the muscle from which filet mignon and chateaubriand is cut.
Strip is marbled and mouth coating, tenderloin has little fat and is the most tender muscle on the steer. Delightfully, the two come together in T-bone and porterhouse steaks.
The T-bone and porterhouse are similar looking steaks with the two muscles separated by a T-shaped section of backbone. One side of the T has a large section of loin and the other has a small section of tenderloin. The difference between the porterhouse and T-bone is the size of tenderloin. Because the tenderloin tapers like a baseball bat and the T-bone is further to the front of the animal, the tenderloin portion is smaller than on the porterhouse, a minimum of 1/2" wide at the T. The tenderloin on the porterhouse must be a minimum of 1 1/4" wide, but they can be up to 3" wide as you move to the rear.
Sometimes tenderloin/filets are left on the T-shaped bone, sometimes they are removed. Ditto for the loin. Interestingly, porterhouse is getting hard to find because the animals are getting so big that a 1" steak can weigh a whopping 25 ounces.
Tri-tip is the poor man's tenderloin, and strip loin roasts can be just as good as prime ribs.
The hind legs put in a lot of work pushing around 1000 pounds or so of beast and thus produce ornery cuts. There are some roasts that must be slow cooked and cut thin, plenty of stew meat, abundant hamburger, and a few steaks that beg for reverse searing: Start low and slow, and sear just before serving.
The sturdy shoulder shoulders a great deal of weight and is a tangled mass of muscles, sinew, and fat. Many impressive roasts and steaks come from the chuck, fine stew meat, not to mention most of the best burgers. At the rear of the chuck, where it connects to the rib primal there are about two steaks called chuck eyes that are practically the same as the vaunted ribeye, only a lot cheaper.
This boneless mass from the chest contains two major muscles, including the pectorals, a thick fat cap, and it is tough as nails unless cooked low and slow. That's why it is braised in every Jewish household, or smoke roasted in every Texas barbecue joint. And on St. Patrick's Day cured brisket, corned beef, is simmered with cabbage. Take a slab of corned beef, give it the right rub, smoke it, and you may have the most sublime taste on the steer: pastrami.
Rife with marbling and layers of fat, this is the meat on top of the rib bones on the side, tough but rich. If cooked gently for a long time, as in a braise of wine and spices, or in air filled with smoke, it turns into the ultimate comfort food. Chefs are discovering that there are some fancy burgers in there.
A gnarly and knotty knot of twisted muscles and tendons, this is meat best for long slow braises and for soups.
Rich in beefy flavor, with a quick searing char, this flap of flavor is a poor man's ribeye. But beware, it has long fibers that must be cut across the grain and thin to give up its goodness.
Italians call these meats the "quinto quarto" the fifth quarter. Not popular in the US, they are very common in other countries.
Meat scientists measure tenderness by using devices that measure the amount of force needed to shear the muscle. Here are the top ten "tender" and "tough" cuts in shear force from the National Beef Tenderness Survey. Shear force is shown as pounds of force to shear one-half-inch cores, removed parallel to the muscle fibers, of cooked muscle from steaks and roasts. Source: Morgan et al (1991).
Boneless rib roast. Click for a recipe.
Boneless ribeye. Eye is in center, rib cap on the right and bottom. Click here for steak cooking tips.
Bone-in ribeye. Click here for steak cooking tips.
Rib cap from American Wagyu beef.
Chuck-eye. Click here for more about the various cuts of chuck steaks.
Two of the most desirable steaks, and the largest, and the most expensive, are the T-Bone and porterhouse. Both contain a T-shaped bone with a section of strip (a.k.a. loin, a.k.a. longissimus dorsi) on one side and filet (a.k.a. tenderloin, a.k.a. psoas major) on the other. The main difference between them is the size of the filet. The T-bone comes mostly from the short loin and the filet must be a minimimum of 1/2" wide below the backbone (bottom of the T). The porterhouse is from the sirloin, and the filet must be at least 1 1/4" wide below the backbone. It can sometimes be as wide as 3".
Two loin primals with two porterhouses facing us. At the bottom are the filets, on the top are the strips. If they were joined, they would be called a saddle of beef.
Round/rump. This is the top of one of the rear legs and several cuts, mostly roasts, come from the round.
Navel is most often used for pastrami. Click here for a recipe for making pastrami.
Whole packer brisket. Click here for my Texas Brisket recipe.
Las Vegas Strip Steak, from the chuck.
Top blade steak. From the chuck, the meat is flavorful and tender, but that strip of tendon is tough.
The flat iron is the muscle from above or below the tendon in the blade steak (previous picture). At right is the same piece after cooking.
Whole tenderloin (top), butchered (bottom) into chateaubriand (center), two steaks, and stir fry meat.
Chateaubriand (from the center of the tenderloin).
Filets Mignon from the chateaubriand, in a mushroom cream sauce.
Beef short rib. Click the link for pictures of other rib cuts and for recipes.
Beef cubes for kebabs or spiedies from bottom sirloin, but they can come from many cuts.
Coulotte is the top sirloin cap. It is a specialty of Brazilian steakhouses (photographed here at Fogo de Chao in Chicago) where it is rotisseried and served with its fat cap, considered a delicacy.
The North American Meat Institute Meat Buyer's Guide is the definitive reference on all the different cuts of meat, with charts, excellent photos, a glossary, and nutritional info. It is aimed at butchers, chefs, and ranchers, but a home chef can learn a lot. If you are really really into cooking, it is worth of a spot on your bookshelf.
The University of Nebraska, Lincoln has built a website devoted to bovine myology (muscle) studies. It has a complete list of all the muscles, 3D interactive photos, and videos of butchering.
This book is great story telling as we follow an inquisitive writer on his quest for great steak. He travels the world learning about the history of bovine culture and breeds. Here he unearths a small herd of animals in France that are the closest relatives of the ancient ancestors of todays cattle: Aurochs.
"The herd numbered at least sixty, with a big bull, maybe 1,200 pounds, standing out front. By the looks of things, they were all competing in a who-can-grow-the- biggest-horns contest, and the big bull was in the lead, his own set being thicker and curving out wider than any of the others.
"A blond eelstripe ran down his ample back, and he had more muscle hanging from one shoulder than could be harvested off my entire physique. The bull was walking heft. The bull was confidence wrapped in black leather.
"Convinced that we represented the same threat level as the flies buzzing around his head, the bull sauntered off to join three smaller cows. Safe, I thought, but not for long, because a younger male with smaller horns"a male with something to prove"caught sight of me and set off my way. His pace was brisk, and as he approached he lowered his head and picked up speed. Horns pointed forward, he thrashed his head from side to side in the manner of a puppy destroying a slipper."
He survives and goes on to discuss how the Nazi geneticists preserved the breed and how it tasted. Fascinating stuff.


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De Sabiren (Soevari, Grieks: Σάβιροι, Saviroi) waren een volk dat van de 5e tot begin 8e eeuw de zuidwestelijke Kaspische Laagte bewoonde.

De Sabiren woonde voornamelijk in het gebied van het huidige Azerbeidzjan en Dagestan, in het oosten begrensd door de Kaspische Zee en in het westen door de Kaukasus. Priscus van Panium vermeldt dat de Sabiren in 461 de Saraguren, Urogen en Onoguren aanvielen en deze weer naar het noorden aan de Wolga dwongen, nadat zij zelf waren aangevallen door de Avaren. In 515, nadat ze van de aanvallen van de Avaren hersteld waren, toonden ze hun macht in een grootse veldtocht ten zuiden van de Kaukasus, waarbij ze zowel de Perzische als Byzantijnse landen aanvielen. Uiteindelijk verbonden ze zich met de Sassaniden.

In het gezicht van toenemende bedreiging door de Avaren verklaarden de Sabiren in 552 hun trouw naar de Byzantijnen en vielen de Kaukasus binnen. Kort daarna werden ze verslagen door de Avaren en later door de Göktürken.

Na het begin van de 8e eeuw verdwijnen ze grotendeels uit de historische bronnen. Waarschijnlijk werden ze geassimileerd in de Chazaren en Bulgaren. Volgens sommigen zou een deel van de Sabiren na de verovering door de Avaren in 553 naar de Balkan getrokken zijn en daar de stam der Severi vormden. Een andere theorie stelt dat een deel in de 8e eeuw naar de Midden-Wolga trok, en daar bekend werd als de Soeari of Soevari, de voorouders van de Tsjoevasjen (Сӑварсем, Savarsem). Ook de stam der Severjanen is wel met de Sabiren in verband gebracht.

De Byzantijnse keizer Constantijn VII Porphyrogennetos (905-959) schreef in zijn administrando imperio dat de Hongaren voorheen 'sabartoi asphaloi' (onverslagen Sabiren) werden genoemd.

Etniciteit

Van de taal der Sabiren is niets bewaard gebleven. Vaak wordt een Turkse oorsprong vermoed, hoewel vanwege de associatie met de Hongaren een Oegrische afkomst niet uit te sluiten is.

Historisch volk in Rusland
Geschiedenis van Azerbeidzjan
Geschiedenis van Dagestan

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


In this project, independent filmmakers are producing works that go beyond popular narratives of immigration and take risks to tell new ones. The films in this series explore the cultural complexity of leaving one place and arriving in another. What is destroyed in the process? How are networks, politics and identities rebuilt and reformed through migration? Held over three nights, Dream City will include feature-length documentaries and short student works.
Join us for a reception on opening night with food and drinks being served from 5.30pm-6.30pm. After the screening of A Son's Sacrifice, there will be a panel discussion from 8.30pm-9.30pm with the filmmakers, Ursula Liang, Director of "9 MAN", Musa Syeed, Producer of "A Son's Sacrifice", Valeria Fernandez, Director or "Two Americans," Takeshi Fukunaga director of "Out of my Hand" and Alexandra Delano Prof. Global Studies at the New School. The discussion will be moderated by John Rudolph, Executive Producer of Feet in 2 Worlds.
Check out the lineup and more information at FI2W.org.
Independent filmmakers are producing works that go beyond popular narratives of immigration and take risks to tell new ones. The films in this series explore the cultural complexity of leaving one place and arriving in another. What is destroyed in the process? How are networks, politics and identities rebuilt and reformed through migration? Held over two nights, Dream City will include feature-length documentaries and short student works.
Dream City is supported by the Zolberg Institute on Migration and Mobility at The New School and produced in partnership with Urban Sessions, Ruff Cuts, University Student Senate, Engaged Media Lab, Global Studies at The New School, Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages at The New School and The NYC Mayor's Office of Immigrant Affairs, 2015 Immigrant Heritage Week.


text:
Jordon Ibe
His development has been massive! Raheem Sterling hails Liverpool FC starlet Jordon Ibe
Reds forward backing teenager to keep on shining
Ian DoyleChief Liverpool writer
Raheem Sterling and Jordon Ibe of Liverpool all smiles during a training session at Melwood Training
Sign up to FREE daily email alerts from Liverpool Echo - Liverpool FC
Raheem Sterling has hailed Jordon Ibe's "massive" development in recent months – and urged the youngster to keep grabbing his chance at Liverpool FC.
Ibe has started the Reds' last two Premier League games after being recalled early from a season-long loan at Championship side Derby County.
The 19-year-old was hugely impressive in last week's Goodison derby and had a hand in Mario Balotelli's winning goal against Tottenham Hotspur on Tuesday.
And Sterling, who previously made the leap from Academy to first team at Anfield, has been iumpressed.
"Jordon has gone way to Derby and done really well, scored goals and added goals and assists to his game," he said.
"That's the most important thing for a player in his position, that's what people are going to judge you on. It's really pleasing to see that he has gone away, matured his game and come back to do really well.
"He could have had a goal against Everton but hit the post. His development over the last few months has been massive; hopefully he can continue that and be a really important player for the team."
Neither Ibe nor Sterling will be involved in Saturday's FA Cup fifth round tie at Crystal Palace, the former cup-tied while the latter is still hampered by a foot injury.
And after Liverpool's recent woes at Selhurst Park – including a 3-1 Premier League defeat in November – Sterling is hoping for better.
"The last few games there haven't really gone to plan, but that's not to say we can't get a win there," said the winger.
"If we go there and play the football we know we can play - and it's down to us to play that way - we can hopefully come away with a win.
"The way we have been playing in the last couple of weeks has been really pleasing. Hopefully we can continue that into the next match, get the win and go into the next round.
"It's a massive competition for the club. It's a competition that I've always liked, something that you grow up watching throughout your youth."
Barclay's Premier League

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The prizes were too good for me to pass up entering, so I wrote a short story titled A New Day, and I won! 🙂 The piece of art wasn't updated or finished until sometime after the competition. Below is my winning entry, A New Day, and the finished artwork.
A cool breeze rolled over the mountain side, playing with strands of my hair and pulling them across my face. It had been a long night. Sitting up, I brushed the tendrils behind one ear and looked out through the darkness. Waiting.
My skin was goose bumped and I pulled my knees to my chest in a failed attempt to keep warm. The chill of the night air clung desperately to my skin, hungry for what little heat my body had left.
Taking a deep breath I could smell the frost in the air and absentmindedly rubbed my arms. Not long now, I told myself.
As a faint glow started to tease at the edge of the horizon I stopped, transfixed by what was about to happen. This was it. This was the moment I'd been waiting for. Leaning forwards, captivated by what was to come, I let myself be drawn in.
The first light broke free, like a crack through the sky. I fell to my hands and knees, never taking my eyes off the horizon, and carefully crawled towards the glow. I could feel the anticipation building and let out a slow, shaky breath.
Shadows elongated and distorted as light began to spread across the land. I realised that I was holding my breath and let it out in a rush, watching as the sun's rays chased away the darkness that had ruled only moments before.
I smiled as the light touched my face and closed my eyes for a moment, the new day warming my skin with gentle caresses.
Leaning back on my hands I looked out over the mountain tops, seeing the sunlight take over the sky, shattering the darkness. It was miraculous, this moment. My moment. I watched as colours spread out from the horizon – gold, orange, lilac – turning airplane trails into strands of gold, stitching together the morning sky.
Pushing to my feet I took a step forwards and reached out. The sunlight danced over my skin, filling me with warmth that made me remember I was alive.
Alive. What a strange feeling it was.
Giddy with happiness I spun around. Laughter built up inside me and I let the sound bubble up and out, echoing around the mountains. They sounded as happy as I was.
As I stopped I saw the sun was almost whole. Out from the horizon, free from the darkness.
Standing on tip toes I stretched my arms up, reaching for the sky. I never wanted this moment to end.
The wind caught my hair again, playfully whipping and twirling it behind me, bringing with it the scent of a new day. Lowering my arms I closed my eyes once more and lifted my face to the sky, welcoming the morning light and the freedom it brought.
Because that's what I was now. Free.
That is awesome! Great piece and congrats!
Fabulous piece of writing! Loved it. Such a perfect story to go with the painting. Descriptive and beautifully done! Congrats!!!


Hashim Djojohadikusumo is the Deputy Chairman of the Gerindra Party's Governing Board, the party his brother, Prabowo Subianto, founded in 2008. Besides being actively involved in Gerindra, Hashim also holds several important positions, including Chairman and CEO of Tirtamas Group, Chairman of Nations Petroleum Company and Chairman of the Arsari Djojohadikusumo Foundation. He obtained his Bachelor's degree in political science from Pomona College, Claremont, California in the US.


Contemporary Art Projects USA presents the Pre-Art Basel Miami Week Exhibition: "ART from Our Earth, the Sea and the Sky" curated by Mariavelia Savino at the ArtsPark@ Young Circle Gallery, located in One Young Circle, Hollywood, Florida. For the second time, Contemporary Art Projects USA exhibits at this important Gallery managed by the City of Hollywood. The significant selection of emerging or career visual artists, widely exhibited in the US and abroad, original and excellent in technique and artistic proposal, will mark a new standard for the facility. The goal of our curator Mariavelia Savino focuses on the uniqueness and quality of the artists that will display their point of view on subjects like nature, human beings, abstract and/or geometric art. Special International Invited Artist, Ricardo Cardenas, will show a painting from his celebrated Series Tribute to the Great Masters made on his canvas of cement and iron bars using as background a Tic Tac Toe game to depict nine images of a Master Artist in a multicolored Warhol manner.
As a guest artist, Luis Kaiulani, American sculptor, will present from his new series of work "Lines" on aluminum few pieces. He has been influenced by great international master artists as John Henry, Marc Di Suvero, Anthony Caro and Franz Weissman. As well, he will present at the Entrance of Exhibition during the Opening Reception, "The Big Red Clover", part of Giants in the City Project: Monumental Inflatable Sculptures.
Participants Artists: Ricardo Cardenas, Mexico, Invited Artist; Luis Kaiulani|USA, Guest Artist; BO MI JO, Korea; Betina Bradas, Argentina; Amalia Brujis, Peru; Julio Brujis, Peru; Sofia Chitikov, Russia; Cristian Coo | Chile; Kevin Cross, USA; Giano Currie, Suriname; Minakshi De, India; Chris Delias, Austria; Leo Di Tomaso, Italy-Venezuela; Kelly Fischer, USA-Switzerland; Melissa Hernandez, USA; Maria Isabel Lazo, Ecuador; Mai Yap, Panama-China; Celestino Ortiz, Puerto Rico; Tatiana Rajzman, Brazil; Lara Restelli, Argentina; Lifrancis Rojas, Venezuela; Nataly Schloser, Venezuela; Anica Shpilberg, Peru-USA; Virginia Subinaghi, Argentina; Adele Venter, Canada; Michele A. Utley-Voigt, USA; Amber Warren, USA.


50730 Features: -Toy. -Targets your cat's senses while providing entertainment. -Motion-activated, flashing ball for interactive visual excitement. -Ability to have additional tracks attached. Product Type: -Tracks. Designer: -Yes. Primary Color: -Blues & Purples. Pet Category: -Cats. Generic Dimensions: -3.1'' H x 9.6'' W x 9.6'' D. Dimensions: Overall Height - Top to Bottom: -3.1 Inches. Overall Width - Side to Side: -9.6 Inches. Overall Depth - Front to Back: -9.6 Inches. Overall Product Weight: -1.39 Pounds.
A full line of fun for your cat!
The Catit Senses Line was designed to incorporate all of your cat's senses while he or she plays. The products have the ability to be used alone or interconnect to build your cat a compact play center or an entire entertainment playground. Add as many Play Circuits or Speed Tracks to connect as many or as few Senses Centers as you wish. The Catit Senses toys are easy to assemble and disassemble allowing you to create a variety of play areas for your cat.
Targets different senses of your cat.
Each of the toys targets different senses of your cat, but when combined it becomes a collection of innovative cat products designed to enrich a cat's life by stimulating all of his or her senses. Building your cat a complete Catit Senses entertainment center is even a great way to help occupy your cat when you might be away on a trip for a day or two!
The Catit Senses Circuits are the key components of any play set design. As you design your Senses playground try wrapping the play centers with Circuits, this provides additional stability for those times of rough play.


text:
Stan Lee just dropped a major Amazing Spider-Man 2 spoiler
Rob Bricken
Filed to: amazing spider-man 2Filed to: amazing spider-man 2
amazing spider-man 2
Three new clips from Amazing Spider-Man 2 have just dropped, complete with narration by Stan Lee. They're also complete with a pretty major spoiler for the movie if you're interested (it's in the last video below).
So Norman Osborn is dead? Well, that explains why his son Harry is the one who becomes the Goblin in the film. It also explains how Harry discovers all the files Oscorp has on Peter. I'm curious how Norman died... or how dead he really is. Given how Oscorp rolls, I'm pretty certain his body is chilling in a cryonic chamber somewhere in the basement at the very least.
As an aside, I really like how in the first clip it's really trying to make us think that Spider-Man may die in a random traffic accident. That'd be a hilarious way to end the movie.
Recent from Rob Bricken
Legion Is Back, and It Knows What It Did
The Game of Thrones Finale Got the Important Stuff Right
Game of Thrones Saved Its Most Tragic, Vicious, and Devastating War for Last


text:
Q: ProgressBar no se activa Winform tengo en mi programa un proguesBarrdefinida como visible=false quiero que se muestre y active al hacer clic en crear nueva partida, este botón lo que hace es inicializar todos los datos del usuario en la base de datos, con los datos por defecto necesarios lo que tarda entre 2 y 3 segundos. He probado haciéndolo en un timernormal;
    public void InsertarPartida()
    {
        idPartida = maxID();
        String nombre = txtNuevaPartida.Text;
        fb.lblNombre = nombre;
        if (txtNuevaPartida.Text != "")
        {
            progressBar1.Visible = true;
            timerBarraProgreso.Start();

            using (SQLiteConnection con = new SQLiteConnection(conectionString))...

            cargarDatosPorDefecto();
            tutorial = true;
            abrirInicioJuego();
        }
        else
        {
            mens.mensaje = "Introduce un nombre para poder dirigirnos a ti :)";
            mens.ShowDialog(this);
        }
    }

Aqui el codigo del timer que lanzo en el método;
    private void timerBarraProgreso_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        this.progressBar1.Increment(10);
    }

Otra opción que he probado es lanzar el timer de la barra de progreso en un Hilo secundario;
    private void lanzarHiloProgressBar()
    {
        this.progressBar1.Visible = true;
        this.progressBar1.ForeColor = Color.Blue;
        Thread t = new Thread(timerBarraProgreso.Start);
        t.Start();
    }

A: No necesitas un timer para que el progress refleje trabajo, este control tiene el modo marquee
asigna la propiedad
 progressbar1.Style = ProgressBarStyle.Marquee;

de esta forma cuando inicias la consulta se vera el progress moviendose a la speed que definas mientas se consulta la db, sin necesidad de ningun timer
Style
ProgressBar.MarqueeAnimationSpeed

A: Necesitas crear un método asíncrono, que se va a encargar de cargar los datos, algo así:
// en este método cargas tus datos
private async Task<List<tipodedatoquecargas>> CargaDatosPorDefecto()
{
     return await Task.Run(() => {
          // creas una lista donde cargaras tus dagos
          var listacargada = new List<tipodddatoquecargas>();
          // aquí va el código donde cargas tus datos
         return listacargada; // regresas la lista ya llena de datos
     };
}

Luego, insertarpartida la haces también async:
private async Task CargarPartida()
{
    // para cargar los datos haces:
    var datos = await CargaDatosPorDefecto();
    // y haces lo que quieras hacer con los datos, no hagas llamadas a la UI aquí
}

Y en el evento donde se hace la llamada  a CargarPartida (Load o Click de un botón), lo cambias así:
private async void boton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    this.progressBar1.Visible = true;
    await CargaPartida();
    this.progressBar1.Visible = false;
}

A la barra de progreso la configuras para que sea "marquee". Si de verdad necesitas que la barra de progreso vaya avanzando, vas a tener que cambiar mas lógica.
No entiendo porque no se recomienda el uso de Tasks (async/await) y se recomiendan cosas como thread y demás opciones anticuadas

A: Según lo que he entendido el problema que tienes es que mientras se ejecuta la consulta, el UI se queda congelado. Quieres mostrar una barra de progreso pero no se actualiza, se queda congelada igual que el resto del UI mientras no termina la consulta.
Eso es porque haces ambas cosas en el thread del UI, no se arreglará con un timer porque sigues dentro del thread del UI.
Yo siempre que tengo que mostrar progreso con una barra de progreso u otra cosa, uso el BackgroundWorker. El BackgroundWorker genera un thread aparte del UI y no congela el UI. Sin embargo ten cuidado porque no se puede actualizar el UI desde el thread del worker (es un thread separado y te dará un petardazo).
Échale un vistazo a algún tutorial del BackgroundWorker y veras que es muy sencillo de usar: https://msdn.microsoft.com/es-es/library/cc221403(v=vs.95).aspx

A: Lo siento con el tema de la semana santa deje un poco de lado este tema, la solución que le di fue algo parecido a lo que mencionas @Luis;
    public async void InsertarPartida()
    {
        idPartida = maxID();
        String nombre = txtNuevaPartida.Text;
        fb.lblNombre = nombre;

        if (txtNuevaPartida.Text != "")
        {
            progressBar1.Visible = true;
            timerBarraProgreso.Start();
            //progressBar1.Style = ProgressBarStyle.Marquee;
            //Se lanza una tarea para intentar activar la puta barra de progreso

            await Task.Run(() =>
            {
            using (SQLiteConnection con = new SQLiteConnection(conectionString))...
            cargarDatosPorDefecto();
            tutorial = true;
            });
            abrirInicioJuego();

        }
        else
        {
            mens.mensaje = "Introduce un nombre para poder dirigirnos a ti :)";
            mens.ShowDialog(this);
        }
    }

Lo que hice fue introducir las lineas de código que requerían de tiempo para ejecutarse en una tarea para que no bloqueen el hilo principal y pueda mostrarse el progressBar, como dice @Luis lo que intente hacer de threades algo anticuado.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Organizations with complex setups are warming up to Office 365, but there's plenty of work to do to figure out the best migration approach.
Early adopters of Office 365 often fell into two camps. The first camp involved easy use cases where email was a quick win with relatively straightforward environments. The second camp involved complicated organizations, such as large universities, where the low Office 365 price point justified expensive synchronization software and custom options.
May 19, 2014 in Office 365.
← Is it time to dump RAID for your Exchange 2013 deployment?


text:
Province reports 1,746 new COVID cases today
About 70% of the new cases are from the GTA; there are eight more deaths related to the coronavirus reported over the past 24 hours
Nov 30, 2020 11:36 AM By: Jessica Owen
(Stock)
Public Health Ontario has confirmed 1,746 new cases of COVID-19 today, which is 38 fewer than yesterday. There were more than 1,700 cases reported on both Saturday and Sunday.
Of today's new cases, most are confined to the Greater Toronto Area. There are 390 new cases confirmed in Peel Region, 622 cases in Toronto and 217 in York Region; that represents 1,229 — or 70 per cent — of the new lab-confirmed cases reported over the past 24 hours.
The agency also reported eight more deaths related to the coronavirus over the past 24 hours. Yesterday, 24 deaths were reported.
More than 1,320 cases have been resolved since yesterday.
Over the past 24 hours, 39,406 tests were completed, which is about 14,600 fewer than the record number of tests processed Friday.
According to today's data, the positivity rate is 4.4 per cent; that means 4.4 people out of every 100 people tested have the coronavirus.
Since the start of the pandemic, public health labs in Ontario have processed more than 6.2 million COVID-19 tests.
Throughout Ontario, there are 618 people currently hospitalized with the coronavirus, but the agency notes that a number of hospitals (approximately 40) did not submit data for Nov. 28.
Algoma Public Health: 60 cases, rate of 52.4 per 100,000 people. There are three known active cases.
North Bay Parry Sound District Health Unit: 79 cases, rate of 54.7 per 100,000 people. There are 11 known active cases.
Porcupine Health Unit: 106, rate of 127 per 100,000 people. There are no known active cases.
Public Health Sudbury and Districts: 230 cases, rate of 113.1 per 100,000 people. There are 11 known active cases.
Timiskaming Health Unit: 18 cases, rate of 55.1 per 100,000 people. There is one known active case.
Northwestern Health Unit: 115 cases, rate of 123.2 per 100,000 people. The health unit has also reported two probable cases. There are 23 known active cases.
Thunder Bay District Health Unit: 308 cases, rate of 168 per 100,000 people.There are 93 known active cases.
About the Author: Jessica Owen
Jessica Owen brings 11 years of experience to her role as regional reporter for Village Media, primarily covering County of Simcoe matters, education and features
'Could have happened anywhere': Amberwood did its best to keep residents safe, says family member
Bruce Hyer on the Wabakimi wilderness
Zalan: Stricter enforcement of orders needed, as hospital system, economy hang in the balance


text:
package com.robinhowlett.chartparser.charts.pdf;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonCreator;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Optional;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;

/**
 * Parses and stores the wind speed (in miles per hour e.g. 5) and direction (e.g. "Cross")
 */
public class WindSpeedDirection {
    static final Pattern WIND_SPEED_DIRECTION_PATTERN =
            Pattern.compile("Wind Speed: (\\d+) Wind Direction: (.+)");

    private final Integer speed;
    private final String direction;

    @JsonCreator
    public WindSpeedDirection(Integer speed, String direction) {
        this.speed = speed;
        this.direction = direction;
    }

    public static Optional<WindSpeedDirection> parse(List<List<ChartCharacter>> sections) {
        for (List<ChartCharacter> section : sections) {
            String text = Chart.convertToText(section);
            Matcher matcher = WIND_SPEED_DIRECTION_PATTERN.matcher(text);
            if (matcher.find()) {
                Integer speed = Integer.parseInt(matcher.group(1));
                String direction = matcher.group(2);
                return Optional.of(new WindSpeedDirection(speed, direction));
            }
        }
        return Optional.empty();
    }

    public Integer getSpeed() {
        return speed;
    }

    public String getDirection() {
        return direction;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "WindSpeedDirection{" +
                "speed=" + speed +
                ", direction='" + direction + '\'' +
                '}';
    }

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object o) {
        if (this == o) return true;
        if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) return false;

        WindSpeedDirection that = (WindSpeedDirection) o;

        if (speed != null ? !speed.equals(that.speed) : that.speed != null) return false;
        return direction != null ? direction.equals(that.direction) : that.direction == null;
    }

    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        int result = speed != null ? speed.hashCode() : 0;
        result = 31 * result + (direction != null ? direction.hashCode() : 0);
        return result;
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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text:
Diversity & Equality in Health and Care
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Aim and Scope Publication ethics & malpractice statement Peer Review Process Copyright
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Demonstrating cultural competence within health-visiting practice: working with refugee and asylum-seeking families
John Burchill DPH1* and David J Pevalin PhD2
Central London Community Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
Professor, School of Health and Human Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, UK
*Corresponding Author:
John Burchill
Central London Community Healthcare NHS Trust
London SW1E 6QP, UK.
Accepted: 2 February 2014
Visit for more related articles at Diversity & Equality in Health and Care
This qualitative study explored the experiences of health visitors working with refugee and asylumseeking families in central London, and assessed the dimensions of their cultural competency using Quickfall's model (Quickfall, 2004, 2010). In-depthinterviews were conducted with 14 health visitors. Data were analysed using Framework, a thematicbased analytical ethod. The findings revealed that the health visitors demonstrated aspects of culturally competent care in relation to Quickfall's five-step model which was developed from the literature specifically for working with asylum applicants within a primary care setting. Shortcomings with regard to demonstrating cultural competence were related to working for an organisation whose work is governed by external factors such as national legislation and policy. In addition, the complexity of the needs of these vulnerable populations and limited resources sometimes compromised the cultural competence of the health visitors. However, they showed many positive examples of how they provided equity, access and non-discriminatory services, health promotion and socially inclusive services.
What is known on this subject
• Asylum seekers and refugees have difficulty accessing health services in the UK.
• Healthcare professionals may not be equipped to deal with their cultural differences.
• Successful care is partly dependent on the cultural competence of the practitioners.
What this paper adds
• Health visitors need to be able to demonstrate cultural competence in their practice with refugee and asylum-seeking families.
• The health visitors in this study demonstrated that they met most aspects of a five-step cultural competence primary care nursing model.
• External factors such as national legislation and policy hindered their efforts to help with refugee and asylum-seeking families.
asylum seekers, cultural competence, health visiting, refugees
The health problems of refugees and asylum seekers may arise fromexperiences in their home country, for example, limited health services in times of war (Norredam et al, 2006), rape or torture (Silove et al, 1997; Burnett and Peel, 2001a). Other problems may be the result of poverty, lack of preventative healthcare such as immunisations, the prevalence of particular diseases such as TB and HIV, or cultural practices (Woodhead, 2000;Heptinstall et al, 2004). Once in the UK, the threat of deportation during the asylum application process and the fear of returning to the situation from which they had made great efforts to escape can make a significant contribution to mental health problems (Phillimore et al, 2007). Refugees and asylum seekers may therefore have multiple and sometimes severe health problems, but unfortunately they have difficulty accessing health services in the UK (Burnett and Peel, 2001a,b; Cowen, 2001; Fassil, 2000; Phillimore et al, 2007).
When they do manage to access healthcare, the professionals with whom they come into contact may not be equipped to deal with their cultural differences, and this can lead to further exclusion of this vulnerable population (Burchill and Pevalin, 2012). O'Donnell et al (2007) found that additional support clearly facilitated the accessing of appropriate primary care for this client group. The cultural competence of practitioners is important in facilitating access to support.
Over the last three decades in the USA and Canada, transcultural nursing (TCN) theory has gained acceptance as a way of promoting culturally competent healthcare for individuals from diverse cultures (Leininger, 1978; Leininger and McFarland, 2002). Cultural competence is represented by a quantifiable set of individual attitudes as well as communication and practice skills that enable healthcare professionals to work effectively with individuals and families from diverse backgrounds. TCN focuses not only on the culturally sensitive care of clients from a variety of backgrounds, but also on poor access to healthcare and the societal structures that exacerbate inequalities.
Leininger (Leininger, 1991; Leininger and McFarland, 2002) has argued that an understanding of cultural diversity is essential to the provision of effective and safe care. She has suggested that clients' cultural beliefs, values and attitudes are an integral part of providing total healthcare services to clients. Beliefs about health and illness have been shown to be very different across various cultural groups (Helman, 2007). The importance of culture in determining beliefs about health and illness highlights the need for professionals to be aware of these differences. Therefore addressing cultural diversity is an important challenge facing nurses, and Leininger (Leininger, 1991; Leininger and McFarland, 2002) has proposed that in researching and comparing nursing care between cultures, it is possible to identify common elements to all, as well as specific factors that relate to a particular culture. Thus, in practice, when assessing and planning interventions, nurses need to take into account both culturally specific and culturally shared factors.
Leininger's work has been criticised by Gustafson (2005), who interrogated the underlying assumptions of the TCN approach and implicated them in the reproduction of racialised categorisations. She argued that the imposed homogeneity which is evident in many texts about TCN ignores the many differences between group members, such as gender, sexuality, religion, class and economic differences, as well as rural or urban living conditions. Despite these criticisms, Leininger's theories have been influential in nursing, and have led to the development of contemporary models of cultural competence based on her work.
In the UK there has been less interest in cultural competence (Burford, 2001), but in the last 15 years a few models have been proposedwhich are appropriate for theUKhealthcare context. The model presented by Papadopoulos et al (1998) consists of cultural awareness, cultural competence, cultural sensitivity and cultural knowledge. It emphasises the importance of developing reflexivity and self-awareness among healthcare professionals, including knowledge of their own ethnohistory and other cultures in order to deliver culturally sensitive care for their clients (Papadopoulos, 2006).
Quickfall (2004) developed a five-step model for culturally competent primary care nursing in Scotland. The model was initially published in 2004, but was further developed and refined in her thesis (Quickfall, 2010). As most of the previous work had focused on secondary care, Quickfall's model represented one of the first attempts to address cultural competence within a primary care setting. In this paper we use the 2010 model as our theoretical framework. It is described below as a series of five steps, and we also note the main differences from the 2004 model.
• Step 1: Institutional regard. This refers to the willingness and ability of an organisation to respond to the specific healthcare needs of minority ethnic groups. If they are to show a commitment to meeting the needs of disadvantaged groups, organisations need to scrutinise their policies, procedures and practices that may serve to disadvantage sections of the community. Services should be nondiscriminatory and accessible by all ethnic groups. This step includes the two steps, Institutional regard (step 1) and Access to services (step 2), from the 2004 model.
• Step 2: Cultural awareness. This involves respect for individual culturally based factors such as religion, diet, family and social organisation, and beliefs about health and illness, treatment and their implications for clinical practice. This step is similar to Cultural insight (step 4) from the 2004 model.
• Step 3: Cultural sensitivity. This recognises that effective communication is essential for the culturally competent assessment of health needs, and requires the translation of health promotion materials and language support to facilitate trusting relationships between practitioners and asylum clients. This step has considerable overlap with Cultural communication (step 3) from the 2004 model.
• Step 4: Cultural knowledge. This involves an understanding of how structural factors, such as poverty and social exclusion, affect health. Agencies need to develop in order to address health inequalities. This is a new step in the 2010 model.
• Step 5: Culturally competent community nursing care. This final step is a culmination of each of the other stages that centre on three major principles which underlie the culturally competent nursing care of asylumapplicants: (1) equity, access and provision of non-discriminatory services; (2) the cross-cultural promotion of health; and (3) the delivery of socially inclusive services. Step 5, Cultural understanding, from the 2004 model is now woven through all of the steps in this model.
This paper utilises data from a qualitative study of health visitors working with refugees and asylum seekers, first to use the Quickfall (2010) model to assess their cultural competency, and secondly to assess the completeness of the model proposed by Quickfall (2010) by examining the concordance between the steps of the model and the data obtained.
The study was set in a borough of London that has a highly diverse and highly mobile population; it encompasses some of both the wealthiest and the most deprived areas in England. There are wide variations in health status across the borough. Life expectancy for men living in one part of the borough is 83 years, while in another area it is 67 years. This 16-year gap is one of the largest variations in London. The gap for women from the same areas is 14 years, and also one of the largest variations in the city.
The borough has struggled with the impact of a high concentration of refugees and asylum seekers and other transient populations using local healthcare resources. The top five applicant nationalities in the UK at the time of the interviews for this research were Afghanistan, Iran, China, Iraq and Eritrea (Home Office, 2008), and this ethnographic diversity was reflected in the location of the study at the time.
Recruitment and sampling
Health visitors are registered nurses with a postregistration qualification in public health practice. They work in primary care, with families that have children aged under 5 years. The health visitors who worked in the borough were approached at their main professional meeting, where a presentation provided details of the study with a request for participation. Participants had to be qualified health visitors, have attended the presentation and to have worked in the borough for a minimum of two years. This timespan ensured that they had enough experience to participate in the research. The final sample size was onethird of the 42 health visitors working in the borough. All of the participants received an information letter and a consent form to be signed prior to participation.
Ethical approval was granted by the local NHS Research Ethics Committee, and research governance permission was obtained from the Primary Care Trust (PCT) Research and Development Team.
In-depth interviews were conducted at the various health centres in which participants worked, and were all tape-recorded. A topic guide consisting of ten broad open-ended statements shaped the interviews. This guide was based on concepts identified in an initial literature review, and was given to participants prior to the interview so that they could think about the issues to be covered and their experiences. Each participant was offered debriefing at the end of the interview session to discuss any issues that might have arisen, particularly if any difficult experiences were referred to. This was provided for all of the participants by the interviewer, and commenced once the tape recorder had been turned off. The length of the debriefing was dependent on the participant.
The qualitative data from this study were analysed using the Framework approach (Ritchie and Spencer, 1994). Framework was developed at the National Centre for Social Research in the UK. It is an interpretive, thematic method, which focuses on the substantive content of interviews rather than on the structure of accounts or the linguistic devices used within them. Framework is used to analyse applied research methods in that, rather than testing, generating or enhancing thinking within a particular discipline, it is concerned with contributing to the understanding of a contemporary issue (Ritchie, 2003).
Each interview was first transcribed and then analysed using Framework. This involved a constant comparative approach throughout. The themes that were identified were compared across the data, and interpretations were discussed between the interviewer (JB) and external researchers consisting of an academic supervisor and a doctoral student.
From the Framework analysis, it emerged that cultural competence was a sub-theme of the facilitators of effective practice theme. We present the results according to the steps of the Quickfall (2010) model.
Step 1: Institutional regard
Participants were aware that refugees and asylum seekers were often from minority ethnic populations and therefore faced discrimination as well as disadvantages. There were many instances in which participants demonstrated that they were willing and able to respond to the specific healthcare needs of refugees and asylum seekers, but the policies that denied failed asylum seekers rights in the UK often hindered their efforts.
Failed asylum seekers (both families and individuals) were often unable to access other forms of support, so health visitors worked with people who were often in desperate circumstances, such as women and children who, because of theirimmigration status, were caught in cycles of domestic abuse (Burchill, 2011). Failed applications for asylum meant that families would be made homeless and would disappear from the systems put in place to safeguard children. In some instances, social services would offer families accommodation for only five nights and a free flight back to their home country; families rarely accepted this. When discussing these matters, the following participant talked about taking issues to a more strategic level to influence strategic decisions on policy:
It's about taking cases back through the Domestic Violence Forum if you like to people I know who work in housing who are making the decisions or influencing people making decisions there ... so if you have a really good social worker who knows about domestic violence, they would know that they had a duty to look after the mother and could interpret that to look after the child as well in which case they would go through the Homeless Persons Unit really easily and be re-housed ... if you are working with people in other fields who don't understand those issues and interpret those laws differently then you've got families who are being given tickets to fly back home if you like, because no one is interpreting it as their duty to stay. (Interview 9)
This participant had witnessed how experienced professionals could interpret legislation differently to others in order to safeguard children. Rather than seeing a family as failed asylum seekers and only offering a return flight back to their country of origin, someone with experience would realise that it would be unlikely for the family to take up that offer, so they would probably return to the perpetrator of violence because they had nowhere else to go. Interpreting this situation as having a duty to safeguard the mother as well as the child enabled the social worker to house them through the Homeless Persons Unit. This example demonstrates that scrutinising policies and practices could allow health visitors to meet the needs of disadvantaged populations.
Participants described some innovative practices that facilitated easier access for those having difficulty accessing services. For instance, there was a specialist team that concentrated on providing access to healthcare for the most vulnerable client groups, including refugees and asylumseekers, working intensively with them with the key objective of referring them back into mainstream services. The team had substantial knowledge of the cultural issues relevant to refugees and asylum seekers, and provided a rolling programme of regular teaching sessions for all staff who regularly came into contact with refugees or asylum seekers, thereby disseminating learning and embedding good practice:
[Specialist team teaching sessions] is the sort of thing that people need to help give them a baseline of knowledge, and I suppose, the support to realise that there are other people they can talk to, to help them and signpost, or help them to signpost their clients in the right direction. (Interview 9)
Participants spoke of working with women who had been subjected to harmful cultural practices, such as female genital mutilation (FGM). Some of the health visitors had received specific training with regard to FGM and, as part of their health assessment, routinely asked their clients from countries with a high prevalence of FGM whether they had been affected by this practice:
There is one client who came into the refuge who was 21 from Somalia, she had suffered domestic violence so she was in the refuge and during my health assessment I asked if she had undergone FGM, she wasn't entirely sure but when she talked about her health issues it established that she had actually had quite severe FGM, and she was having problems even menstruating ... she was unable to hardly pass blood, she had been stitched up so much, so I referred her to ... and we went together for a joint meeting ... FORWARD [a women's campaign and support charity] specialises in FGM and I set her up for an appointment there and she was referred to a specialist nurse ... who was able to look at potentially reversing part of the FGM and the client was happy for this to happen and actually did attend. (Interview 6B)
The following quote demonstrates how the health visitor's confidence in dealing with FGM-related issues had increased as a result of attending the specialised training:
... the female genital mutilation is a very difficult one. ... I have had clients with that and it's asking the question and I think again I found that the few people that I did ask quite often had had it ... when asked they were very open about it and I remember being, until I had the training on it, not being confident about asking and I found that really, really, really useful to do. (Interview 7)
There were also examples of health visitors demonstrating that they were less willing and able to respond to the specific needs of refugees and asylum seekers, particularly when they thought that individuals and families were abusing some of the services. Some clients expected more resources, such as welfare and benefits, than were necessary or possible. On occasion some participants talked about working with people whom they suspected were economic migrants who had travelled to the UK because they had heard there were generous benefits available; this was generally frowned upon:
... the way I understand divorce is that you and your partner don't see one another again, but then I went in to visit her with a third child from the same man ... they want to get social benefits as much as possible, because they still are really and truly having a relationship with their partner, such are the kinds of abuse that I think needs to be looked into. (Interview 13)
There was some resentment of the motives behind the behaviour of some of the clients, such as marrying or having children in order to remain in the UK:
I wonder how many people then go on to arranged marriages in order to qualify as a spouse and then the burden to state when there are children and domestic violence later on, or no engagement of parental responsibility ... it is just about why people do take on parental responsibility, the idea that if you have a baby it might strengthen your case [for asylum]. (Interview 3)
Health visitors felt that the quality of their care was compromised at times; they were unable to provide the same quality of service that they would give to mainstream clients. They found that their expertise in core health visiting was repeatedly overshadowed by the difficulties they experienced in learning the systems relating to immigration, housing, welfare and benefits, and they felt that they lacked the knowledge to deal with these issues. This was particularly evident with regard to issues such as lack of immigration status. The time spent on some of these issues meant that less time was available for other work, and they believed that this impaired the quality of their health visiting function:
As a health professional, how much time can I devote to this family when I know that possibly they might be needing more, that's it, how much do I invest in sort of really going with their identified needs when there are other families who are new, who are resident, who are entitled to services, so it is finding out about my own sort of prejudices, it brought up a lot of my own belief system of morality and judgemental needs, because you know you have only got seven and a half hours in a day and how much can you devote to the families? (Interview 5)
Step 2: Cultural awareness
The participants revealed a degree of cultural awareness, and had developed knowledge about different cultures. When working with refugees and asylum seekers they drew on their own previous work and life experiences. Some had worked overseas in developing countries and found this of great benefit to their health visiting work. The following extract is from one participant who had spent extensive periods working in developing countries and found that, on each occasion when she returned to the UK, she could empathise with what her clients from those countries were probably experiencing in terms of the shock of a new culture:
I didn't experience culture shock going out, but I always experience culture shock coming back to this country, yes I'm very aware of how people perceive Britain, basically, I have trouble getting back into it ... the choice, the supermarkets always really throw me, just the element of choice ... that shift if you come from a culture where religion is really important to come to a culture where it isn't is very hard to get used to, and also family, just the change ... coming here there is no family around you and the support networks are very spread out. (Interview 2)
Working abroad helped this participant to realise that being visited at home by health professionals and the notions of health promotion and prevention of ill health were quite alien concepts in many cultures. This knowledge helped her to be more effective in the work that she did with families in the UK. She was also learning to speak Arabic while abroad, and continued to practise the language when back in the UK. One husband who had prevented his wife from attending her child health clinic eventually allowed her to attend because knowing that the health visitor could speak a little of their language had helped him to develop trust.
Another participant who had worked overseas in a conflict zone also believed that such experience was of benefit when working with refugees in the UK. One example she gave was of trying to treat female burn victims, in a conflict situation, who would rather have died than be undressed to be treated. From this she had learned that other cultures might have priorities that were often very different fromher own experience in the UK, and as a result she was able to approach things in a different way if she thought that she was not moving forward with a client. Other participants who hadworked in developing countries talked about having first-hand experience of the difficult way of life of people in those countries, which helped them to visualise the journey of the asylum seeker. This enabled them to provide a more empathetic service.
Personal life experiences, such as the death of a family member, were also utilised by some participants in their work. They believed that these experiences helped them to empathise with others who had suffered loss.
Step 3: Cultural sensitivity
The participants frequently worked with refugees and asylumseekers who could not speak English and relied on the use of interpreters. In many cases the use of interpreters was seen as a productive means of exchanging information. The learned skill of using an interpreter was remarked upon, as was the benefit of using the same interpreter with a family during repeated visits, although often this was not possible. Problems associated with using an interpreter were encountered when the family or individual refused to have an interpreter, when only a male interpreter was available for a female client, if the interpreter imposed his or her own views, if people did not want to disclose sensitive information through an interpreter, or if the interpreter was perceived as not being very efficient in his or her role:
I've had some pretty bad examples recently of interpreters where they have actually started giving their opinion, which has been a nightmare, and I guess because they potentially could be from the same culture, the same kind of background and they start adding their points of view. (Interview 7)
Some of the health visitors spoke of attempting to learn some words in different languages, such as Arabic, whereas others reported the importance of encouraging family members to learn English. It was difficult to invite people who could not speak English to group sessions such as postnatal groups or baby massage classes, because they would not be able to understand the conversations andwould therefore feel excluded. The difficulty of accessing English lessons with a cre`che for mothers with young children or babies was highlighted.
One participant's extensive experiences abroad had helped her to work more effectively with interpreters. She criticised her colleagues for complaining about interpreters having conversations with families rather than just interpreting what was being said:
I understand that in some cultures you don't just say 'Hello', you have to ask about the family, and the house, and the whatever, so if you are with a woman for example who is Palestinian and may have been in Britain for 25, 30 years, she is still going to do that process as a translator, even though you haven't asked her to. (Interview 3)
Some of the participants undertook additional tasks which were outside of their responsibility, in order to gain the trust of the family and assess their needs. These included ringing the utilities company, sorting out the TV licence and even babysitting for the mother so that she could go shopping. Participants saw these tasks as necessary for building relationships, assessing the family, observing parenting and monitoring a child's development.
Effective communication of health promotion messages was considered difficult. Many of the clients originated from countries in which there was little or no investment in government-backed public health campaigns, for example, for healthy eating or stopping smoking. The participants talked about the difficulties they experienced in providing such information alongside preventative health advice, especially when in their native country people were only used to seeing healthcare professionals when they were unwell and required treatment:
Healthy eating advice that sort of thing might be something they don't really see in their country ... I should think maybe it would be more what you learned from your family before and you pass it down rather than the government campaign. (Interview 12)
Step 4: Cultural knowledge
All of the participants talked about the distinct and complex health needs of asylum seekers and refugees, which differed from those of the general population. Some of these health needs originated in the home country (e.g. TB, HIV, physical problems resulting from conflict or torture, nutritional deficiencies, conditions related to lack of sanitation). In contrast, the health problems of failed asylum seekers who remained in the UK were linked to poor living conditions, sleeping on friends' or relatives' floors with no access to primary care, and either taking the wrong treatment for medical conditions or not being treated at all.
The mental health of many of their clients was a concern to the participants, including the effect of the asylum process on mental health and the effect of parental depression on children:
I had a family that I still see, she lost her appeal, she was from Kosovo, she lost her appeal three times, she still here ... and the problem was originally the child wasn't eating, the child was only about six months old and wasn't eating at all, the mother was very, very depressed and the father was also, had some kind of disability, limping very badly, young man, and so originally the visit that I started to do, it was to do with food, you know wean the baby and it wasn't feeding and it [breast milk] wasn't coming out, that's how it started and then slowly as things transpired she was getting more severely depressed and she had no, no rights in this country although she was married she had deportation looming in her head. (Interview 10)
Integrating into the host society was also a problem. One health visitor described working with a family in which the son had become suicidal as a result of his extended family's wish for him to perform an honour killing on his mother. More common experiences included feelings of isolation, difficulty in communicating, discrimination, unemployment, culture shock, difficulty in accessing services, gender issues and specific community issues related to their culture. The health visitors were extremely concerned about the impact of these factors on the children in the families and how, in their professional role, they should protect children from harm.
What is perhaps unique about working with people who have fled a conflict situation, as opposed toworking with the mainstream population, is the higher incidence of individuals who have had traumatic experiences of harm through rape or torture:
... the one that I worked with was a very pathetic one, she was put in a refugee camp according to her and she claimed that she was raped during the night and couldn't identify the person, of course she had a baby, you know, as a result of that rape, it affected her very badly emotionally and I worked with her after she had the baby before for about two months and she got re-housed outside of London and that's how I lost contact with her, but she was constantly crying you know, what am I going to tell my parents, what am I going to tell my relatives. (Interview 13)
The participants talked about a specialised mothertongue counselling service for refugees, to which they referred individuals. Others referred people to the Medical Foundation for the Victims of Torture, a UK organisation that offers specialist psychological support for the victims of torture.
Additional concerns focused on situations in which there was a lack of stimulation for children, either due to living in overcrowded accommodation with nowhere to play or do homework, or because of the parents' lack of understanding of the importance of play. Lack of stimulation was believed to contribute to developmental problems such as severe speech delay:
I think something that is quite difficult and it is not just confined to refugees but I think it's culturally a kind of concept of play and how you deal with children is that play, um I think it just doesn't exist in the same way in countries where there is a lot more space, there is a lot more cultural concept of everyone sort of looking after each others' children and therefore children almost form their own play groups on their own under the eye of some aunt or grandmother or something and they just kind of get on with it, um, and so the idea of a structured interaction with your child is quite a difficult concept to get across. (Interview 11)
Poor parenting was a common concern. The participants thought that it could sometimes be due to difficulties in adjusting to a different culture and trying to fit in. They tended to believe that their role was to educate people from a variety of cultures about the different social responsibilities in the UK, such as not leaving the children alone while going shopping, not beating the children, the importance of stimulating the child, child safetywhen cooking, and nutrition and hygiene. Often the health visitor would provide emotional support to help to teach about appropriate parenting:
... the ways that some of the African cultures believe that they can beat their children and that is quite acceptable, so having to explain to them that that is not acceptable here, you know some families I have worked with just leave their kids at home and they go off down to the shops and they've got a 2- or 3-year-old just at home on their own, then again in Africa that is perfectly acceptable, but here it is obviously not. (Interview 13)
Sometimes there was conflict between the health visitor and a parent. Different approaches were taken, depending on the situation. One health visitor talked about making sure that she was child focused when assessing families, because parents' priorities were not always right; another saw the health of the mother and father as important because if they couldn't care for themselves they would not be able to care for their children.
It was evident from participants' accounts that sometimes the level of complexity that they were dealing with was too high and they were unsure how to respond to clients' needs. For example, they were not always equipped to work alone with survivors of torture, and they sometimes described how uncomfortable they were in addressing these issues:
... he wanted to talk about what had happened to him to a point where it was almost, it wasn't comfortable and he came, it was sort of like ... he almost made a career of it, I just felt really uncomfortable. (Interview 10)
Step 5 Cultural competence
In Quickfall's model, institutional regard was shown to be an initial step in the provision of equitable access to primary care services, and included mechanisms for GP registration, language support services and community nursing services (Quickfall, 2010). The participants discussed many examples of innovative practice, such as setting up a baby clinic in more accessible community centres for people who were not attending appointments elsewhere. Some health visitors attempted to learn the languages of their clients and practised them with them as a way of building relationships. The specialist team facilitated a rolling programme of training for frontline staff working with refugees and asylum seekers, and this was regarded as an effective way of sharing knowledge. Cultural awareness has been described as being integral to the nurse–client relationship, and the participants demonstrated awareness by developing their knowledge base about different cultures. The third step, namely cultural sensitivity, has also been shown to be essential for enabling refugees and asylum seekers to become partners in care for the accurate assessment of health needs and cross-cultural promotion of health.
The following extract demonstrates the extent to which one of the participants perceived transmission of a health promotion message produced in one culture, to be processed in another, as being an important aspect of her work. She explained that, among some refugee families that she worked with, consanguineous marriages were the norm. She felt the need to address this issue with a family whose child had a disability, possibly as a result of the family carrying a recessive gene, but was hesitant about doing so:
... they don't perceive it as a taboo, so it is my problem in a way, but when I raised it recently with a family I had an opening to raise it because one of their children did have a minor disability, and so I was able to talk about their concerns about close relatives in respect of their children ... and they really wanted to talk about it, they were really happy to talk about it and then they did say that they had already really earmarked certain relatives for their children to marry and that they were really quite honestly quite prepared to reconsider. (Interview 8)
Despite her initial struggle to bring it up in discussion, the participant was aware of the importance of non-judgemental attitudes, but it was not established whether this family was referred for genetic counselling and family history exploration to determine whether there were any recessive gene risks.
Cultural knowledge is the fourth step that promotes socially inclusive approaches to community nursing care, and the participants demonstrated that they were working effectively with clients with a range of problems associated with social exclusion. For instance, occasionally the participants encountered parents and sometimes children who were involved in criminal activities, usually in order to supplement their poor income, whether this involved the father working in the black economy as a waiter, drug dealing, stealing, prostitution, or just selling their food vouchers to use the money for transportation:
... in fact they have got five children who are truant, the mother is involved with drug dealers, she's having men around to her house for whatever reason ... we've got another one, the father's a big drug dealer in the area and the 12-year-old boy has now just been done for armed robbery, so you know you've got really complex issues. (Interview 4)
The fifth step, namely cultural competence, combines all these threads of equity, cross-cultural promotion of health and socially inclusive approaches.
Although the findings of this study do not show that every participant in the study demonstrated cultural competence in all of their actions, they do reveal that the health visitors were implementing each of the five steps of Quickfall's model to some extent. However, in terms of institutional regard, there were some shortcomings. For example, there were many instances in which health visitors encountered people who had no access to primary care services or were refused access to services such as GPs, social services, benefits, mental health services, services to safeguard children, and so on. UK government legislation, which is designed to make access to health services difficult for failed asylumseekers (Department of Health, 2004), exacerbated this problem for healthcare professionals, too, and frequent changes in policy caused confusion about who was entitled to what. In addition, there were times when the health visitors became resentful or judgemental about refugees and asylum seekers, especially when the level of need was high and resources were limited. These findings indicate aspects of practice that fall below the baseline of cultural competence according to Quickfall's model, but they were being addressed to a certain extent at a local level.
One of the strengths of Quickfall's model is that its development is informed by previous work on culturally competent care published by American and British authors; it takes into account the key elements of a wide range of models. However, taking into consideration the diversity of and cultural differences between healthcare professionals and the families with which they work, and the diverse backgrounds of the healthcare professionals themselves, this model may be seen as restricted by the views of American and British authors. As the workforce becomes increasingly diverse, the concept of what is culturally competent care may evolve further. Additional research into models of cultural competence in a variety of primary care settings may address this issue.
The authors wish to thank Central London Community Healthcare NHS Trust and the School of Health and Human Sciences at the University of Essex for supporting this research.
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Home / Bollywood / Superwoman Lilly Singh reveals she is bisexual, calls it her superpower
Superwoman Lilly Singh reveals she is bisexual, calls it her superpower
YouTube sensation Lilly Singh, who goes by the stage name Superwoman, defined herself on Twitter as "female, coloured, bisexual."
bollywood Updated: Feb 25, 2019 20:03 IST
Indo Asian News Service
YouTuber Lilly Singh has announced on Twitter that she is bisexual.
YouTube sensation Lilly Singh, who goes by the stage name Superwoman, has revealed on social media that she is bisexual and called it her "superpower".
The Indian-origin Canadian artiste, who is also a comedian, author and a Unicef Goodwill Ambassador, took to Twitter on Sunday and wrote, "Female, coloured, bisexual" along with checkboxes ticked green."
She added, "Throughout my life, these have proven to be obstacles from time to time. But now I'm fully embracing them as my superpowers. No matter how many 'boxes' you check, I encourage you to do the same."
✅ Female
✅ Coloured
✅ Bisexual
Throughout my life these have proven to be obstacles from time to time. But now I'm fully embracing them as my superpowers.
No matter how many "boxes" you check, I encourage you to do the same x
❤🧡💛💚💙
— Lilly Singh (@IISuperwomanII) February 25, 2019
Ever since she wrote about her sexual orientation, the tweet has got over 8,000 re-tweets and more than 72,000 likes.
Overwhelmed by the response, she again tweeted, "Thank you so much for the love and positivity. Words can't describe how much it means. I appreciate you all. Group hug."
Thank you so much for the love and positivity. Words can't describe how much it means. I appreciate you all. Group hug ❤❤❤❤😊
Lilly has over 14 million followers on YouTube. She has authored the bestseller, "How To Be A Bawse", has a role in HBO's film adaptation of Fahrenheit 451 and in 2017, she topped the Forbes Magazine Top Influencers List in the entertainment category. Lilly, who went active on YouTube in 2010, has emerged as one of the most popular stars on the video-sharing website.
Also read: Koffee With Karan: Kareena Kapoor has never met Amrita Singh, Priyanka Chopra said she won't stop flirting after wedding with Nick Jonas
Other popular YouTubers have also come out as bisexual in recently. In October, Anna Akana revealed she is a bisexual after getting drunk at the Streamy Awards.
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