text:
Die Energieeinsparverordnung (EnEV) war ein Teil des deutschen Wirtschaftsverwaltungsrechtes. Sie wurde zum 1. November 2020 durch das Gebäudeenergiegesetz abgelöst.

Der Verordnungsgeber schrieb darin auf der rechtlichen Grundlage der Ermächtigung durch das Energieeinsparungsgesetz (EnEG) Bauherren bautechnische Standardanforderungen zum effizienten Betriebsenergiebedarf ihres Gebäudes oder Bauprojektes vor. Die EnEV galt für Wohngebäude, Bürogebäude und gewisse Betriebsgebäude, während andere ausgenommen waren.

Hintergrund
Die Energieeinsparverordnung stellte ein Instrument der deutschen Energie- und Klimaschutzpolitik dar. Die EnEV sollte "dazu beitragen, dass die energiepolitischen Ziele der Bundesregierung, insbesondere ein nahezu klimaneutraler Gebäudebestand bis zum Jahr 2050, erreicht werden".

Geschichte
Die Energieeinsparverordnung löste die Wärmeschutzverordnung (WSchV) und die Heizungsanlagenverordnung (HeizAnlV) ab und fasste sie zusammen.

Ihre erste Fassung trat am 1. Februar 2002 in Kraft, die zweite Fassung (EnEV 2004) 2004. Zur Umsetzung der  über die Gesamtenergieeffizienz von Gebäuden wurde eine Neufassung erstellt, die ab dem 1. Oktober 2007 gültig war.

Die letzte große Novelle aus 2013 setzt die  über die Gesamtenergieeffizienz von Gebäuden (Neufassung) und die  zur Energieeffizienz mit Wirkung ab dem 1. Mai 2014 um. Die neue Fassung der EnEV wurde im November 2013 verkündet (selten auch EnEV 2013 genannt). Große Teile der Verordnung galten ab dem 1. Mai 2014. Die Verordnung wird daher häufig auch EnEV 2014 genannt. Die seit dem 1. Januar 2016 geltenden Anforderungsänderungen werden gelegentlich unter dem Begriff EnEV 2016 oder EnEV 2014 mit Änderungen ab 2016 beschrieben. Es handelt sich jedoch in allen drei Fällen um dieselbe Version der Verordnung aus dem Jahr 2013.

Prinzipien der EnEV
Die Zusammenführung von Heizungsanlagenverordnung und Wärmeschutzverordnung zu einer gemeinsamen Verordnung erweiterte den bisherigen Bilanzierungsrahmen in zweifacher Hinsicht:
 Zum einen wurden mit der Einbeziehung der Anlagentechnik in die Energiebilanz auch die bei der Erzeugung, Verteilung, Speicherung und Übergabe der Wärme entstehenden Verluste berücksichtigt. Dadurch war nicht mehr die dem Raum zur Verfügung gestellte Nutzenergie, sondern die an der Gebäudegrenze übergebene Endenergie relevant.
 Zum anderen wurde dieser Energiebedarf primärenergetisch bewertet, indem die durch Gewinnung, Umwandlung und Transport des jeweiligen Energieträgers entstehenden Verluste mittels eines Primärenergiefaktors in der Energiebilanz des Gebäudes Beachtung fanden. Damit kommt sie einer Ökobilanz deutlich näher.

Dieser erweiterte Rahmen ermöglichte es, in der Gesamtbilanz eines Gebäudes den Faktor Anlagentechnik und den Faktor baulichen Wärmeschutz in gewissem Maße miteinander zu verrechnen, also eine schlechte Wärmedämmung mit einer effizienten Heizanlage auszugleichen oder umgekehrt. Die Hauptanforderungsgröße für Neubauten ist in der EnEV der Jahresprimärenergiebedarf im Vergleich zu einem Referenzgebäude gleicher Geometrie und Abmessung und vorgegebenen technischen Eigenschaften. Zusätzlich einzuhalten war ein vom Gebäudetyp abhängiger Grenzwert für den auf die wärmeübertragende Umfassungsfläche bezogenen Transmissionswärmeverlust.

Die EnEV stellte erstmals auch Anforderungen an den sommerlichen Wärmeschutz und ermöglichte die Berücksichtigung solarer Wärmegewinne.

Geltungsbereich
Die Verordnung galt in Deutschland
 für Gebäude mit normalen Innentemperaturen (Gebäude, die nach ihrem Verwendungszweck auf eine Innentemperatur von 19 °C und jährlich mehr als vier Monate beheizt werden, sowie für Wohngebäude, die ganz oder deutlich überwiegend zum Wohnen genutzt werden)
 für Gebäude mit niedrigen Innentemperaturen (Gebäude, die nach ihrem Verwendungszweck auf eine Innentemperatur von mehr als 12 °C und weniger als 19 °C und jährlich mehr als vier Monate beheizt werden) einschließlich ihrer Heizungs-, raumlufttechnischen und zur Trinkwarmwasserbereitung dienenden Anlagen.

Unterscheidungen, inwieweit bestimmte Anforderungen nur für Neubauten, nur für bestehende Gebäude oder für beide gelten sollen, wurden in den entsprechenden Abschnitten und bei den jeweiligen Regelungen gemacht.

Die EnEV galt nicht für:
 Gebäude die ohne Einsatz von Energie beheizt oder gekühlt werden.
 Gebäude, die unter Denkmalschutz stehen, wenn bei der zuständigen Landesbehörde eine Ausnahme beschieden wird.
 Betriebsgebäude, die überwiegend der Tierhaltung dienen
 großflächige Betriebsgebäude, die lang anhaltend offen gehalten werden müssen
 unterirdische Bauwerke
 Räume, die der Aufzucht und dem Verkauf von Pflanzen dienen (Gewächshäuser etc.)
 Traglufthallen, Zelte und ähnliche Gebäude, die wiederholt aufgebaut und zerlegt werden müssen.
 Gebäude, die nicht unter die oben genannten Parameter fallen, z. B. wenn sie weniger als 4 Monate pro Jahr beheizt werden
 Energieeinsatz für Produktionsprozesse in Gebäuden

Berechnungsverfahren der EnEV
Ob und wie ein Nachweis nach der EnEV geführt werden musste, hing u. a. davon ab, ob ein neues Gebäude errichtet oder ein bestehendes verändert werden sollte.

 Für Neubauten mit normalen Innentemperaturen (> 19 °C) war die Einhaltung der in Anhang 1 Tabelle 1 der EnEV genannten Höchstwerte des Jahres-Primärenergiebedarfs wie auch des spezifischen Transmissionswärmeverlustes nachzuweisen.
 Für Neubauten mit niedrigen Innentemperaturen (< 19 °C) oder kleinen Gebäudevolumen (< 100 m³) galten geringere Anforderungen und vereinfachte Nachweisverfahren.
 Im Rahmen des sommerlichen Wärmeschutzes war bei Neubauten grundsätzlich die Einhaltung von Sonneneintragskennwerten oder der Übertemperatur-Gradstunden nachzuweisen.
 Für Änderungen im Bestand (Altbauten) waren – je nach Umfang der Maßnahmen – entweder die geforderten Wärmedurchgangskoeffizienten (U-Werte) einzuhalten (Bauteilverfahren) oder der Jahres-Primärenergiebedarf des ganzen Gebäudes nachzuweisen (Bilanzverfahren); er durfte um bis zu 40 % über dem Jahres-Primärenergiebedarf des Referenzgebäudes liegen.
 Bei Erweiterungen der beheizten Nutzfläche um mehr als 50 m² und dem Einbau einer neuen Heizungsanlage galten für den neuen Gebäudeteil die Anforderungen an Neubauten.

Die EnEV enthielt hinsichtlich der anzuwendenden Regeln der Technik viele statische Verweise auf bestehende EN/DIN-Normen. Das bedeutet, dass die jeweiligen Normen mit ihrem Ausgabedatum zitiert und somit indirekt Bestandteil der EnEV wurden. Dadurch wurde sichergestellt, dass sich durch die Veränderung einer Norm nicht automatisch auch das Anforderungsniveau der EnEV änderte.

Da die Berechnungsverfahren der EnEV seit der ersten Wärmeschutzverordnung von 1977 heute auf ein mehrere hundert Seiten starkes Normenwerk für die Bewertungsmethoden angewachsen waren, wurde die EnEV-easy-Methode entwickelt. Diese sollte helfen, die Komplexität der Regelwerke zu reduzieren und trotzdem EnEV und EEWärmeG einzuhalten.

Primärenergiebedarf
Der Primärenergiebedarf berücksichtigt neben dem Endenergiebedarf für Heizung und Warmwasser auch die Verluste, die von der Gewinnung des Energieträgers an seiner Quelle über Aufbereitung und Transport bis zum Gebäude und der Verteilung, Speicherung im Gebäude anfallen.

In Deutschland beschreibt die EnEV den Primärenergiebedarf  bei Wohngebäuden wie folgt durch die Anlagenaufwandszahl , den Heizwärmebedarf  und den Trinkwasserwärmebedarf :

In die Anlagenaufwandszahl  fließt unter anderem der Primärenergiefaktor ein.

Analog dazu ergibt sich der Primärenergiebedarf bezogen auf die Gebäudenutzfläche pro Jahr Qp" (meist in kWh/(m²·a) angegeben).

Endenergiebedarf
Der Endenergiebedarf ist die berechnete Energiemenge, die bei deutschlandweit gemittelten Klimaverhältnissen zur Deckung des Heizwärmebedarfs und des Trinkwasserwärmebedarfs einschließlich der Verluste der Anlagentechnik benötigt wird. Wie groß diese Energiemenge tatsächlich ist, hängt von den Lebensgewohnheiten der Gebäudebenutzer und den jeweiligen örtlichen Klimaverhältnissen ab. Rückschlüsse auf die energietechnischen Qualitäten eines Gebäudes sind auch anhand des dokumentierten Strom-, Öl-, Gas-, Holz- oder Kohleverbrauchs möglich.

Den Zusammenhang zwischen Primärenergiebedarf , Endenergiebedarf , Primärenergiefaktor  und Umrechnungsfaktor für Endenergie  beschreibt die EnEV wie folgt:

Der Umrechnungsfaktor  beinhaltet das Verhältnis von unterem Heizwert zu oberem Heizwert der verwendeten Brennstoffe.

Heizwärmebedarf / Trinkwasserwärmebedarf
Der Heizwärmebedarf ist die errechnete Energiemenge, die z. B. durch Heizkörper an einen beheizten Raum abgegeben wird. Für neugebaute Häuser wird laut der Energieeinsparverordnung der Niedrigenergiehaus-Standard mit einem spezifischen Heizwärmebedarf von 40–70 kWh/(m²·a) gefordert.

Der Trinkwasserwärmebedarf ist die Energiemenge, die zur Erwärmung dem Trinkwasser zugeführt werden muss. Verluste bei der Energieumwandlung (z. B. Verluste des Heizkessels), der Verteilung und sonstige technische Verluste sind nicht enthalten. Er wird bei manchen Verfahren pauschal mit 12,5 kWh/(m²·a) angesetzt. Dies entspricht einem Bedarf von 23 l/Person/Tag. Bezugsgröße für die Fläche ist dabei nicht die Wohnfläche, sondern die Gebäudenutzfläche.

Die EnEV 2007
Am 24. Juli 2007 hat das Bundeskabinett eine novellierte Energieeinsparverordnung verabschiedet. Die Neufassung trat am 1. Oktober 2007 in Kraft. Viele Regelungen der bisherigen Verordnung wurden unverändert übernommen; nur einige in Details leicht verändert. Dies betrifft insbesondere die Anforderungen an Wohngebäude und das Verfahren zur Bewertung der energetischen Qualität von Wohngebäuden. Auch die Anforderungen an Heizkessel sowie die Nachrüstverpflichtungen blieben unverändert bestehen.

Folgende Aspekte der neuen Verordnung wurden im Vergleich zu den oben dargestellten Regelungen stark verändert oder sind neu hinzugekommen:

 Anforderungen an Nichtwohngebäude
 Verfahren zur energetischen Bewertung von Nichtwohngebäuden
 Berücksichtigung alternativer Energieversorgungssysteme
 Berücksichtigung des sommerlichen Wärmeschutzes
 Energetische Inspektion von Klimaanlagen
 Energieausweise für bestehende Gebäude

Die EnEV 2009
Die Verordnung in der Fassung des  der Verordnung vom 29. April 2009 wird umgangssprachlich als EnEV 2009 bezeichnet. Durch die Änderung der Energieeinspar- und Heizkostenverordnung wurden die Beschlüsse zum Integrierten Energie- und Klimaprogramm (IEKP) weitgehend umgesetzt. Ziel war es, den Energie-, Heizungs- und Warmwasserbedarf um zirka 30 % zu senken. Ab 2012 sollten in einem weiteren Schritt die energetischen Anforderungen nochmals um bis zu 30 % verschärft werden.

Die Bilanzierungsmethode der DIN V 18599 wurde auch auf Wohngebäude ausgeweitet, allerdings in einer vereinfachten Version. Das bisherige vereinfachte Nachweisverfahren wurde aufgegeben, ebenso die Formulierung von Maximalwerten in Bezug auf das Verhältnis (A/V). Für die Gebäudehülle wurden neue Referenzwerte festgelegt. Überarbeitet wurden auch die Anforderungen der Nachrüstung im Baubestand.

Die Änderungen der EnEV 2009 im Überblick:
 Die Obergrenze des zulässigen Jahres-Primärenergiebedarfs wurde für Neu- und Altbauten (bei Modernisierung) um durchschnittlich 30 % reduziert.
 Die energetischen Anforderungen an die Wärmedämmung von Neubauten wurden um durchschnittlich 15 % erhöht.
 In der Altbaumodernisierung mit wesentlichen baulichen Änderungen an Bauteilen (Fassade, Fenster und Dach) wurde die energetische Anforderung um 30 % erhöht. Eine Erleichterung galt nur noch, "wenn die Fläche des geänderten Bauteiles nicht mehr als 10 von Hundert der gesamten jeweiligen Bauteilfläche des Gebäudes betrifft" ( Abs. 3 EnEV). Das bedeutet, werden mehr als 10 % eines Baues (bemessen am gesamten Gebäude) verändert, greift die EnEV 2009. Vorher lag die Bagatellgrenze bei bis 20 % eines Baues bezogen auf die Ausrichtung / Himmelsrichtung des entsprechenden Baues.
 Dachböden mussten bis Ende 2011 eine Wärmedämmung erhalten. Je nach Raumnutzung konnte die Geschossdecke oder eine Dachdämmung gewählt werden. Bei Neuerwerbung bestand eine Nachrüstpflicht. Für Eigentümer von Ein- und Zweifamilienhäusern besteht weiterhin die Freistellung, wenn der Eigentümer bereits am 1. Februar 2002 in seinem Haus wohnte.
 Klimaanlagen, die die Feuchtigkeit der Raumluft verändern, mussten mit einer automatischen Regelung zur Be- und Entfeuchtung nachgerüstet werden.
 Nachtspeicherheizungen, die 30 Jahre oder älter sind, mussten bis zum 1. Januar 2020 durch effizientere Heizungen ersetzt werden. Dies betraf insbesondere Wohngebäude mit mindestens sechs Wohneinheiten und Nichtwohngebäude mit mehr als 500 Quadratmetern Nutzfläche. Ausgenommen waren Gebäude, die nach dem Anforderungsniveau der Wärmeschutzverordnung 1995 erbaut worden sind, oder wenn der Austausch unwirtschaftlich wäre. Das Gleiche galt in Gebäuden, in denen durch öffentlich-rechtliche Vorschriften der Einsatz von elektrischen Speicherheizsystemen vorgeschrieben war.
 Der Vollzug der Verordnung wurde strenger überprüft. Bestimmte Prüfungen wurden dem Schornsteinfeger übertragen und Nachweise bei der Durchführung bestimmter Arbeiten im Gebäudebestand (Unternehmererklärungen) eingeführt.
 Es wurden einheitliche Bußgeldvorschriften bei Verstößen gegen zentrale Vorschriften der EnEV eingeführt. Verstöße gegen bestimmte Neu- und Altbauanforderungen der EnEV und die Bereitstellung und Verwendung falscher Daten beim Energieausweis wurden als Ordnungswidrigkeit geahndet.

Die EnEV 2013/ EnEV 2014
Die Bundesregierung hat am 16. Oktober 2013 die Novellierung der Energieeinsparverordnung mit den Änderungen des Bundesrats-Beschlusses vom 11. Oktober 2013 beschlossen. Die Verkündung der Änderungen erfolgte im Bundesgesetzblatt vom 21. November 2013. Die Neuerungen traten überwiegend am 1. Mai 2014 in Kraft. Diese Novelle der EnEV wird teilweise mit unterschiedlichen Jahreszahlen bezeichnet. Auf Grund des Beschlusses der Novelle im Jahr 2013 wird sie gelegentlich als EnEV 2013 bezeichnet, durch das Inkrafttreten der Fassung im Jahr 2014 wird sie meistens als EnEV 2014 bezeichnet. Die zum 1. Januar 2016 in Kraft getretenen Anforderungsänderungen werden gelegentlich unter dem Begriff EnEV 2016 oder EnEV 2014 mit Änderungen ab 2016 beschrieben. Es handelt sich jedoch in allen drei Fällen um dieselbe Version der Verordnung aus dem Jahr 2013.

Die Überarbeitung der Energieeinsparverordnung fand ihren eigentlichen Ursprung im Kyoto-Protokoll von 1997 und dem damit verbundenen Ziel der Bundesregierung, bis 2050 einen nahezu klimaneutralen Gebäudebestand zu erreichen. Inhaltliche Grundlage des Beschlusses war die EU-Richtlinie über die Gesamtenergieeffizienz von Gebäuden (2010/31/EU).
Eigentlich schrieb die EU-Richtlinie ein Inkrafttreten der Landesregelung bis zum 9. Januar 2013 vor. Dieser Termin konnte nicht gehalten werden.

Als Nachweisverfahren sollte die DIN 4108 auch im Wohngebäude ganz von der DIN V 18599 abgelöst werden. In der beschlossenen Fassung der EnEV blieb das Nachweisverfahren der DIN 4108 mit DIN 4701-10 für Wohngebäude gültig. Mit dem sogenannten Modellgebäudeverfahren wurde sogar ein vereinfachtes drittes "Nachweis"verfahren eingeführt.

Zu den wichtigsten Änderungen zählten:
 Heizkessel, die älter als 30 Jahre sind, durften nicht mehr betrieben werden. Ausnahmeregeln betreffen z. B. Ein- und Zweifamilienhäuser, die am 1. Februar 2002 vom (aktuellen) Eigentümer selbst bewohnt wurden, oder Niedertemperatur- und Brennwertkessel.
 Bei der Dämmungspflicht für die oberste Geschossdecke wurde statt auf die Umschreibung "ungedämmt" auf die DIN 4108-2: 2013-02 zurückgegriffen und die Pflicht, bis wann erfüllt werden muss, wurde geändert; es hieß nun "müssen dafür sorgen, dass [...] nach dem 31. Dezember 2015 so gedämmt sind". Die reduzierte Anforderung an die Höhe der Nachdämmung ("0,30 Watt/(m²•K)") bei Gebäuden mit nicht mehr als zwei Wohnungen entfiel, für diese galt ebenfalls "0,24 Watt/(m²•K)"
 Verschärfung der Anforderungen an den Primärenergiebedarf von Neubauten (Wohn- und Nichtwohngebäude) in einer Stufe um 25 % seit dem 1. Januar 2016; zusätzliche Verschärfung der bauteilbezogenen Höchstwerte für den Wärmedurchgangskoeffizienten bei Nichtwohngebäuden um ca. 20 Prozent
 Keine Anhebung der Anforderungen bei der Sanierung von Gebäuden
 Verpflichtung der Bundesländer zu Stichprobenkontrollen der Energieausweise, der Einhaltung der EnEV-Neubauanforderungen und der Berichte über die Inspektion von Klimaanlagen
 Modellgebäudeverfahren; zusätzliches vereinfachtes Nachweisverfahren für Wohngebäude (an enge Kriterien gebunden)

 Die wichtigsten Änderungen zum Energieausweis waren: Neuskalierung mit Angabe von Energieeffizienzklassen im Bandtacho. Vorlagepflicht bei Vermietung und Verkauf bis hin zu Pflichtangaben zur Energieeffizienz bei Immobilienanzeigen. Wenn zum Zeitpunkt der Anzeigenschaltung (gemeint sind Inserate in kommerziellen Medien gleich welcher Art) kein gültiger Energieausweis vorliegt, dann mussten die Angaben gem. EnEV 2014 nicht in der Anzeige aufgeführt sein. Ein gültiger Ausweis musste spätestens beim Besichtigungstermin vorgelegt und nach Vertragsabschluss übergeben werden. Für die Einhaltung der Pflicht war der Verkäufer oder der Vermieter verantwortlich. Bei Wohngebäuden galten diese Pflichtangaben:
 a) die Art des Energieausweises (Energiebedarfsausweis oder Energieverbrauchsausweis),
 b) den im Energieausweis genannten Endenergiebedarfs- oder Endenergieverbrauchswert für das Gebäude,
 c) die im Energieausweis genannten wesentlichen Energieträger für die Heizung des Gebäudes,
 d) das im Energieausweis genannte Baujahr und
 e) die im Energieausweis genannte Energieeffizienzklasse.
 Die Einführung von Bußgeldern für den Verstoß gegen die EnEV bis zu 50.000 €.

Die Austauschforderung der EnEV 2013 betraf nur wenige überholte Wärmeerzeuger. Rund 11 Millionen Niedertemperaturheizungen fielen nicht unter die Austauschpflicht, entsprachen aber auch nicht dem Stand der Technik. Der Bundesverband Erneuerbare Energie kritisierte die EnEV daher als "wirkungslos".

Literatur
 Die EnEV 2014. In: Deutsche Bauzeitschrift Nr. 1–2/2014, S. 62–65

Weblinks
  (aktuelle Fassung)

 Initiative "Gegen die Zerstörung historischer Fassaden durch Wärmedämmung" (Stadt.Bild.Berlin: Baukultur und Denkmalpflege in der deutschen Hauptstadt)
 DIN V 18599-1 | 2018-09 Energetische Bewertung von Gebäuden - Berechnung des Nutz-, End- und Primärenergiebedarfs für Heizung, Kühlung, Lüftung, Trinkwarmwasser und Beleuchtung - Teil 1: Allgemeine Bilanzierungsverfahren, Begriffe, Zonierung und Bewertung der Energieträger

Einzelnachweise

Rechtsquelle (Deutschland)
Rechtsquelle (21. Jahrhundert)
Energierecht (Deutschland)
Energiestandard
Öffentliches Baurecht (Deutschland)


Will Jarrett, Jones join Falcons for start of offseason program?
A couple of questions surround the Falcons, who are set to start phase one of their "voluntary" offseason program Monday.
Will defensive tackle Grady Jarrett and wide receiver Julio Jones be on hand?
Jarrett, who had the $15.2 million franchise tag placed on him, is hoping to land a long-term contract. The team agreed to extend Jones' contract after he did not attend the offseason workouts last season.
Jones' contract was enhanced before the start of training camp last season and he went on to start all 16 games for the second consecutive season and for the third time in his career.
Owner Arthur Blank has stated that both players will be "Falcons for life" so there isn't a matter of if the deals will get done, but a matter of when.
There is a July 15 deadline for Jarrett, who could play the season on the one-year franchise tag. Dallas recently signed defensive end DeMarcus Lawrence to a long-term deal after he received the franchise tag for two consecutive seasons.
In "phase one" of the offseason program, teams are limited over the first two weeks to strength and conditioning, and physical rehabilitation only.
Only full-time or part-time strength and conditioning coaches, who have no other coaching duties, are allowed on the field.
No coaches are allowed on the field or to participate in or observe activities.
No helmets or footballs can be used, but quarterbacks can throw to uncovered receivers.
The Falcons have several key players trying to come back from injury, including Neal (knee), running back Devonta Freeman (sports hernia surgery), free safety Ricardo Allen (Achilles), running back Ito Smith (knee) and guard Brandon Fusco (ankle).
The Falcons are looking forward to getting Freeman back in the offense as running back and pass catcher, especially after losing Tevin Coleman in free agency to the San Francisco 49ers.
With Neal and Allen recovering, the Falcons signed two safeties, Chris Cooper and Afolabi Laguda, to two-year contracts on Friday.
The Falcons elected not to re-sign Jordan Richards, who took over for Neal, while defensive back Damontae Kazee, who took over for Allen, is slated to move to nickel back. Sharrod Neasman, who split the strong safety spot with Richards, is back.
Laguda, is 6-foot-1 and 214 pounds, signed with the Rams as an undrafted free agent last season. He played at Brookwood High. He started his career at Butler (Kan.) Community College before playing at Colorado.
Cooper, 25, is 5-foot-10 and 202 pounds, and has spent time with the Colts, Bengals and Chiefs after starring at Stoneybrook.
The Falcons have focused on improving their offensive and defensive lines this offseason.
They signed free agent offensive guards James Carpenter, Ramon Brown and Adam Gettis.
On the defensive line, the Falcons signed defensive end Adrian Clayborn and defensive tackle Tyeler Davison, a former starter with the Saints.
The signings will not preclude the Falcons from continuing to address the trenches in the upcoming draft, which is set for April 25-27 in Nashville, Tenn.
Chris Cooper, safety. He has spent time with the Chiefs, Bengals and Colts.
Tyeler Davision, defensive tackle. He had a base salary of $1.9 million with the Saints last season.
Afolabi Laguda, safety. The former Brookwood High star spent last season on the Rams practice squad after going undrafted out of Colorado.


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HomeUnited States ArmyUPDATE ON THE ANTICS OF OLD ARMY BUDDIES – THE GOVERNOR OF KENTUCKY AND HIS CLOSE FRIEND RETIRED ARMY COLONEL CHARLIE GRINDLE
UPDATE ON THE ANTICS OF OLD ARMY BUDDIES – THE GOVERNOR OF KENTUCKY AND HIS CLOSE FRIEND RETIRED ARMY COLONEL CHARLIE GRINDLE
the swap slithering around in the state of kentucky
Gov. Matt Blevin and his old Army buddy, Charlie Grindle
Not long ago, we posted an article of how the Governor of Kentucky hired one of his old Army buddies then gave him a whopping 134% increase in his paycheck making him one of the highest paid government employees in Kentucky. It was a classic example of how the swamp sometimes oozes back together to line their pockets at the expense of taxpayers in this case. NOW COMES ANOTHER STORY about Charlie Grindle and how he was enjoying free housing until the Courier-Journal asked about it.
Can you imagine? This clown is pulling down some serious cash from the state of Kentucky plus his Army pension then he's allowed to have a free place to live. You talk about a charmed life, good grief. It's time Kentuckians put these clowns out to pasture in that lush bluegrass they grow. In other words, it's time to fire these schmucks and find someone who will at least work a little bit to protect the state treasury.
Wasn't it old Harry Truman who said if you go into public life as an elected or appointed official and come out rich, you're a damn crook. Makes us wonder if Colonel Charlie Grindle had other sources of income when he was on active duty in the Army. Anyone out there who has any information about Grindle's Army career they want to share whether it's good or bad… we're listening.
By Tom Loftus
Louisville Courier-Journal
Retired Army Colonel, Charlie Grindle
FRANKFORT, Ky. – Charles Grindle, Kentucky's highly paid chief technology officer, was given 64 nights of free housing in the Old Governor's Mansion and in a Governor's Mansion cottage during his first four months on the job in late 2017 and early 2018.
But it wasn't until Oct. 19 of this year — nearly nine months after he moved out and 31 days after the Courier-Journal asked about the arrangement — that Grindle paid the state $6,976 in rent.
Pamela Trautner, the spokeswoman for the Finance and Administration Cabinet, said Tuesday that she had no immediate explanation for the payment delay. In an email, she added that "After Mr. Grindle became a state employee, he was invoiced for his lodging at the Old Governor's and New Governor's Mansions, which he paid."
Trautner said she doesn't know when Grindle was asked to pay, but two undated invoices were apparently generated after the Courier-Journal filed a Sept. 18 request for public records related to Grindle's residency at the historic Frankfort mansions.
Which state pays its technology chief the most? You do, Kentucky
Trautner said Grindle's $109 per night rate was set by calling local hotels to determine their average rate for government employees, with the survey done just days before Grindle paid up on Oct. 19.
Grindle did not respond to a telephone message seeking comment Tuesday. Neither he nor Gov. Matt Bevin's communications director, Elizabeth Kuhn, responded to email inquiries.
Bevin doesn't live in the Governor's Mansion and instead commutes about 42 miles each way to his family home in Anchorage. While both the Governor's Mansion and the Old Governor's Mansion are rented out for receptions and sometimes house VIPs visiting Frankfort, Grindle appears to have had special status.
Grindle and Bevin are longtime friends and business associates. Both were junior field artillery officers serving at Fort Polk, Louisiana, in the early 1990s, and Grindle and his private company, Lone Star Graphics, have in the past handled online operations for Bevin's companies, his campaigns and for his family's charity.
Bevin hired Grindle as chief information officer in October 2017 at an initial salary of $160,000 per year and on Aug. 1 gave him a stunning $215,000 raise — setting his current pay at $375,000. That easily makes Grindle the highest-paid Bevin administration employee and the nation's highest-paid state chief information officer.
Bevin has staunchly defended the raise at a time when the state budget provides no money for raises for teachers or most state government workers.
"I would defy any of you to find anybody in America, in any capacity in government IT (information technology), that knows as much as this guy does," Bevin told reporters in September.
Grindle, who retired as a colonel after starting work for the commonwealth, was chief information officer for the United States Military Academy in West Point and the Third Army in Iraq. He holds a master's degree and doctoral degree in information science from the University of Pittsburgh and a second master's degree, in strategic studies, from the U.S. Army War College.
The Bevin administration says Grindle's overhaul of the Commonwealth Office of Technology has saved taxpayers millions of dollars.
"Under his leadership, the Commonwealth saw $2.9 million in immediate cost reductions by managing consulting contracts and video conferencing," Bevin's Finance Cabinet said in a statement in September. "His plan for a new converged server and storage infrastructure will create an estimated $3 million in annual savings in Fiscal Year 2019."
In response to the Courier-Journal request for all records showing Grindle's use of state-owned housing, the Finance and Administration Cabinet on Monday provided emails between Grindle and state officials overseeing the two mansions, as well as other documents that include:
— An undated invoice for 48 overnights at "the cottage" on the grounds of the Governor's Mansion between Nov. 13, 2017, and Jan. 31, 2018 at $109 per night for a total bill of $5,232.
— An undated invoice from the Old Governor's Mansion (also known as the Lieutenant Governor's Mansion) for 16 nights in October and November of 2017 at $109 per night for a total bill of $1,744.
— Grindle's personal check for $6,976 payable to Kentucky State Treasurer and dated Oct. 19, 2018.
When asked why the invoices, which were obtained by the Courier-Journal, were not dated, Trautner said in an email that, "These entities do not typically generate invoices. Due to the length and nature of this particular stay, an invoice was issued and paid."
Grindle's state employment letter doesn't provide for housing assistance, nor do the records provided by the state address terms for his use of state-owned housing.
Grindle retains a residence in Pennsylvania. On Jan. 31, he sent an email informing Governor's Mansion manager Maurita Whelan that he had found another place to stay in Frankfort.
"I wanted to say thank you for your hospitality and support as I transitioned to the Commonwealth," Grindle told Whelan. "I handed in the key this am, but was caught up in the days events and did not let you know that I have found a place in downtown Frankfort (certainly not as nice) but will do for now. I really appreciate all you have done for me and will be forever grateful."
Emails and a schedule of events for the Old Governor's Mansion show Grindle also stayed there at no charge for at least 16 nights prior to becoming a state official on Oct. 9, 2017.
He wasn't billed for those dates (three in late January of 2017, and at least 13 in September or early October of 2017) and the state provided no record of payment.
"For those periods of time, Mr. Grindle was a guest of the Commonwealth and not a state employee," Trautner said in an email. "Once Mr. Grindle became a state employee, he was asked to reimburse the state for dates of stay after his hire."
Emails provided the Courier-Journal also include exchanges between Grindle and Erin Warford, director/event coordinator at the Old Governor's Mansion, who told Grindle that state policy requires the governor's approval for booking guests at the old mansion.
In the emails, Warford gives Grindle instructions for things like parking at the old mansion and asks "about any specific needs you may have, such as drink or snack preferences." But there's no mention in the emails of reimbursing the state.
The old mansion's event schedules show occasional overnight stays by other people but that Grindle was the only long-term tenant at the time.
The records provided to the Courier-Journal include many redactions, including one large section deleted under an exemption to the Open Records Act that allows withholding documents related to a preliminary government decision, with no further explanation.
Many state legislators of both political parties have acknowledged Grindle's top qualifications, but say there's no justification for his salary, which is more than $160,000 higher than any of his counterparts in other states.
StateScoop, an online publication that covers state government technology, last week reported that Grindle is not alone among state CIOs with extensive military experience.
"Michigan's Dave DeVries, also a 29-year Army veteran who finished as a colonel, and Minnesota's Johanna Clyborne serves as a brigadier general in her state's National Guard," StateScoop wrote. "Their salaries are $180,000 and $130,010, respectively."
StateScoop, which interviewed Grindle at the annual conference of the National Association of State Chief Information Officers in San Diego, said "Grindle acknowledged having known Bevin in the Army, but declined to go into detail. He also refused a request to audio-record the conversation, though he allowed StateScoop to take pen-and-paper notes."
waste of taxpayer money
MARINE FIRST SERGEANT IMPLICATED IN CONSPIRACY TO STEAL GILLETTE RAZORS – RECRUITS STAY CLEAN-CUT WHILE CONSPIRATORS MAKE HEFTY PROFIT
UNITED STATES AIR FORCE SUDDENLY FIRES THREE COMMANDERS ALLEGEDLY OVER A DRINKING RITUAL THAT INVOLVED A FEMALE PILOT – WE WONDER WHAT REALLY HAPPENED?
ABSOLUTE PROOF THE VA DOESN'T GIVE A TINKER'S DAMN ABOUT AMERICAN MILITARY VETERANS – SECRETARY WILKIE NOW KNOWN AS: "MR. DOUBLE-CROSS"
NAVY VETERANS ARE BACK-STABBED AND BETRAYED BY THE UNITED STATES SECRETARY OF VETERANS AFFAIRS WHO IS NOTHING MORE THAN JUST ANOTHER WASHINGTON POLITICAL HACK. IT TURNS OUT VA SECRETARY ROBERT L. WILKIE JR. IS ONE OF [ … Read More]
ATTEMPT to KILL the Blue-water Navy Bill Addressing Horrible Suffering, Now Before VA Committee
ABSOLUTELY CRITICAL WE JOIN TOGETHER TO STOP ATTEMPTS TO KILL BLUE-WATER NAVY BILL NOW BEFORE SENATE COMMITTEE on VETERANS' AFFAIRS FIGHT THIS INJUSTICE BY CALLING SEN. ISAKSON'S OFFICE (202) 224-3643 OR GO TO HIS HOME PAGE AND [ … Read More]
FEDERAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY (FEMA) NEEDS NEW MANAGEMENT, THEN A FULL-BLOWN "CREDIBLE" INVESTIGATION SHOULD BE CONDUCTED, AND DON'T BOTHER USING AN "INSPECTOR GENERAL," THEY CAN'T BE TRUSTED!
The impact of budget cuts and neglect has taken its toll on many agencies of our government, but especially on the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). Americans are starting to realize how poorly prepared we [ … Read More]

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: Azure Blob Indexer: DateTimeOffsets in metadata I am using the Preview of the Azure Search Blob Indexer. All of the data that is indexed is contained in the metadata of the blobs. I have therefore set AzureSearch_SkipContent to 'true' to prevent content indexing.
I am having trouble getting DateTimeOffset fields to work, as I cannot figure out the correct format to store the DateTimeOffset value as.
When I create the indexer, I get an error response (400 Bad Request) with the response body holding the following content:
{"error":{"code":"","message":"Column 'ProcessDT' is of type String that is not compatible with the field of type Edm.DateTimeOffset in the index"}}

I have tried various string formats (the value on the blob I tested is
2015-01-03T11:13:00.000+01:00

so it should correspond to a format that is compatible to OData 4.0 and therefore azure search as stated here: https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/azure/dn798938.aspx

A: converting strings into DateTimeOffset field values is not currently supported. We recognize this is a painful limitation, and will address this in the near future. As a partial workaround, you can index those values as strings (so you can format them as you wish and still use them for search and filtering).
Thanks for bringing this up!

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The deep, royal blue of this amazing crepe de chine Royal Blue Tallit for Women, Bat Mitzvah Tallit, Silk Tallit is decorated with handpainted designs on the border in an even deeper royal blue, which lends it an air of dignity.
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Like all our Bat Mitzvah Tallits and Tallit for Women, it is sold as a set with a matching Tallit bag and Kippah.


**Terms and Conditions** 1. Icons can't guarantee Messi or any other specific FC Barcelona player will feature in the match you select. 2. Match dates and times are subject to change. Icons don't offer any insurances if a game date or time is moved, including on flights, travel arrangements, hotels, etc booked by customer that need to be changed or cancelled.


Since it's release in 2004 the PM5D has become a standard for digital live mixing, and the first choice of legions of discerning engineers and sound companies throughout the world. Why? Simply because it offers extraordinary sound and versatility in a relatively small, lightweight system that is intuitive to use and delivers unmatched sound, control, and reliably without the need for additional outboard processing gear. Of course programmability and recall capability are of monumental importance in today's live sound scene as well.
A Choice of Head Amps: PM5D or PM5D-RH Versatile Configuration with Flexible I/O Patching Capability PM5D-EX Expanded Digital Mixing System for Double I/O Capacity and Processing Power Open Architecture for Flexible Live Sound and Recording Virtual Soundcheck Capability 96-kHz Processing for Superior Sound and Response Advanced Analog Circuitry, Including Top-quality Head Amps Extensive Channel and Output Functions Eight Effect Processors and 12 Graphic EQs Optimized for Live Sound Applications Software Built on the PM1D Experience Channel Move Function Universal power supply Enhanced Interoperability with External Devices Digital Cabling Capability with PM5D-EX Supplied PM5D Editor Application for Extended Control and Efficiency Solid Security Head-amp recall capability that allows head amp gain settings to be recalled along with the other console scene data. 48 mono and 4 stereo inputs, 24 mix buses and 2 stereo outputs, and 8 matrix outputs. Custom "DSP7" LSI for ultra-high-speed 96-kHz/32-bit processing. I/O capacity and functionality can be doubled or tripled by adding one or two rack-mountable DSP5D Digital Mixing Systems. Easy "virtual soundcheck" with individually assignable channels does not require complex re-patching. Built-in VCM (Virtual Circuit Modeling) effects offer impeccable simulations of classic signal processing gear. 8 high-performance multi-effect processors and 12 graphic equalizers built in. Enhanced security features keep the system operating flawlessly in any application.


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text:
Good news for connoisseurs
05 July, 2003 00:00 IST
IT is early days yet. Both teams have a long way to go before they can be called the giants of the game, which they once where, at different periods in cricket's history. But the relative successes which the new-look English one-day team under Michael Vaughan and the West Indies under Brian Lara have met with in recent times should put a smile on the face of every connoisseur of the great old game.
Over a few years, the mediocre levels plumbed by the once mighty West Indies and the country that gave us the game, England, must have left a lot of genuine fans of the game worried about its future.
That this coincided with the commercial boom witnessed in the sport in the sub-continent, largely in India, may have been some consolation. But, at the end of the day, it was clear that cricket's financial powerhouse, India, would be worse off — rather than better off — for the decline in standards in the Caribbean and England.
In most other international sports, ones that are truly international with 100 or more countries actively playing the sport, the decline in the fortunes of two nations may not be anything that would force you to press the panic button. But cricket is a sport played by a handful of nations and even among them, to count the ones that can put up teams of any real international quality you don't need the fingers of both hands.
It has become obvious now that for all the initial euphoria, Bangladesh is going to take a long time before it can try and contest on equal terms with other Test playing nations. Its entry into the Test fold was made possible by men who had their eyes on votes rather than on the genuine interests of the sport.
The prospect of the game dying a slow and cruel death in Zimbabwe, too, is very real. The rate at which the white farming families, which contribute largely to the national cricket team, are packing up and departing from Robert Mugabe's strife-torn nation, it may not be long before Zimbabwe would fail to raise an XI to try and make a match of it with a Delhi Club side.
Against this background, it becomes obvious that the traditional powers of the game such as England and the West Indies need to reinvent themselves as top-notch sides so that the quality of international cricket is even and attractive enough to lure on-site and TV audiences.
Both in England and in the West Indies, in recent times, there has been a lot of talk about how the young ones are being lured by other sports and are not taking to cricket in great numbers.
Obviously, in the Caribbean, basketball and baseball have grown in a big way and offer a ticket to the promised land — read United States of America — to the talented few.
And in England, the lure of football and other high profile sports has contributed to the declining interest in cricket in schools and colleges.
But over the last year and a little more, things are slowly changing in the West Indies and in England as well. Lara's team may not stand comparison with Clive Lloyd's giants or Viv Richards' masters but there is considerable batting talent in the present team although the bowling needs to improve.
As for Vaughan's men, they seem to play the game with a tremendous sense of commitment while at the same time suggesting that they are all having a jolly good time out there. Marcus Trescothick is no newcomer but his batting form, and the commitment shown by the young bowlers must have had the old hands at the Lord's members' bar toasting the new-found vigorous good health of English cricket.
There is some talk now at the highest levels of management in the sport about the need to introduce an annual Test championship, where every nation would play the other once at home and once away.
While this is a wonderful idea, it must be said that a championship like this will excite the millions of fans around the world if it was played on a two-tier basis with teams such as Zimbabwe and Bangladesh making up the top of the second tier.
Once again, if such an annual home-and-away championship is to become a grand success, then the urgent revival of England and the West Indies as powerful teams would certainly help improve its quality.
What is more, if the all-conquering Australians are to be challenged at both forms of the game, then it would take more than one or two teams — say, South Africa or India — to do that. And when eight teams of acknowledged merit get together in an annual competition, there is only one way the sport can go — up, up and up.
Magazine Picks
Issue Date: 08 Jan 2022 12:00 IST
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Highlighter Benefit Watt's Up! ($30.00 for 0.33 oz.) is a "champagne" hued cream-to-powder highlighter th.
In the Summer i find i tend to go for more cream based makeup products, i just find them best for giving that soft glowy Summery skin look, so i have been loving cream blushes and cream shadow products lately but what i was after was a new cream highlighter.
Today I want to talk about my favorite highlighter so far (and mostly used product these hot summer days) – The Benefit Watt's up cream highlighter.
Read on for my thorough review on the cult favorite stick highlighter from Benefit to see if I would recommend it for you.
Benefit Watt's Up Highlighter £24.50. Gorgeous highlighter alert! Why oh why did it take me so long to buy Benefits Watt's Up highlighter I do not know, it has always been a product I have lusted for but was a little scared of it being a cream stick highlighter.
Benefit's new soft focus champagne highlighter is a hit with me! I say that right off the bat because I've tried NARS Copacabana and Luxor Multiples, which slide around my cheeks, even when set with a powder.
Shop Benefit Cosmetics' Watt's Up! Cream-to-Powder Highlighter at Sephora.
My Experience With Benefit Watt's Up Highlighter: I had already read benefit they are real mascara's review on imbb before hence I was very happy to get it as I hardly own any mascara till date!


At MCW, two committees have been tasked with providing direction, facilitating consistent standards and providing recommendations for educational technology use across all campuses, schools and programs.
The Strategic Educational IT (SEIT) Committee provides institutional direction for educational technologies, while the Educational IT Committee (EITC) facilitates consistent standards with respect to the institutional direction. The differences in the two committees are outlined below. The EITC reports to the SEIT.
Proposals for review of new, current or emerging educational technologies should be submitted using the Educational Technology Proposal Form (PDF). Requests will be reviewed by the EITC, whose members represent a broad group of key institutional stakeholders (committee members list). The EITC's will work to align applications, systems and enterprise wide solutions with broad based input based on a shared portfolio of education technologies.


Every year starting in the mists of time (probably after WWII), the Lt. William Tighe Triangle at Dyckman and Broadway was the location for a large Christmas tree at holiday time. The Parks department hauled it in, used 3 trucks, including a cherry picker, to put it up and vertically throw garland on it. The cost, as of 1990 or so, was $4100 per year. In 1990 for $225 the RING garden bought its dwarf blue Hoopsi spruce tree, a 6 or 7-footer destined to top-out at 20 feet, and planted it in the new raised bed, known as the RING Triangle garden. As of 2007 the tree has grown to 15 feet or so and takes 8 or 9 strings of lights.
Electricity. The Parks dept. taps the light pole nearest the Point of the garden (Broadway end) and throws a line into our spruce tree so that we can operate the tree lights and the Menorah. A request for the electrical line has been usually been made to Parks annually in late November. In recent years they want to know when our holiday event will be.
Haul out the Xmas box (purple) – kept on floor of main shed, rear left corner.
Inside Xmas box find (1) Timer (green), (2) Splitter cubes (orange), (3) 2 orange extension cords, (4) Box of fuses, (5) boxes of bulbs, (6) 2-pks of menorah bulbs.
Put the Timer into the ground on the south side of the tree. One plug from the Parks dept. line goes to this, and the other to the Menorah. Since strings more than 2 or 3 long increases the likelihood of blowing a fuse, we use orange splitter cubes and extension cords.
Replacing bulbs Carefully remove each string of lights from plastic bags, hook up with electricity and test for burned out bulbs. In 2007 there were 45 burned out bulbs at the outset, but half had been put back into the cardboard boxes along with new bulbs, a mistake which makes it take twice as long to replace bulbs. First plug each string into the electrical source. Note the bulbs that aren't lit.
Twist those bulbs that aren't lit. Many just aren't screwed in all the way, or maybe the contacts need a little attention.
Dispose of burned out bulbs right away. Do not leave them in boxes with new bulbs or on the ground.
X sockets / bulbs – Some sockets are bad. Since it's not a good idea to leave a socket empty (weather can cause a short), we put a burned out bulb into bad sockets and mark the bad bulb/socket with a black X using a magic marker. This protects the string and saves time.
Purchase bulbs – make sure we have enough for the season (say 100). Christmas bulbs are bought in bulk (case of 25 or so) on the internet since it costs a fraction of buying them in packages of 4 (and those are harder and harder to find).
Start at the top. Find someone who is confident at the top of our 8-foot ladder. The lasso technique works best now, with the tree as tall as it is. Gently pitch lights towards the top of the tree. If at first you don't succeed, withdraw the lights gently and try again. It is easier to zig zag the strings rather than take a long string and go round and round the tree. Having more than 2 or 3 strings patched end on end on one line increases the likelihood of blowing a fuse. Fuses are in the electrical plug of each string and can be replaced when blown. If, at any point, you notice that a string of lights is not lit, it could be a blown fuse (or it could be that the plug fell out from the splitter or another string). Storms and wind can cause this. If it is a blown fuse, we keep fuses in a marked container and it is easy to pull back the fuse cover, exposing one or two fuses. Pry it/them out with your fingernail or knife. (All expenditures for fuses will be reimbursed.) During the lighting season, if you see burned out bulbs, feel encouraged to go in and replace them. The purple Xmas box should remain in the vicinity with bulk boxes of replacement bulbs kept inside.
A few weeks in advance, pick a date for decorating, and another, usually during Hanukah, for tree lighting / menorah lighting / song singing and food.
Solicit volunteers to help with these and publicity.
Line up refreshments. The restaurants and deli might contribute free hot chocolate, hot cider, cookies, cake etc..
In advance, haul out the menorah – kept on floor of the shed addition (left side of shed as you see it from the path), located inside on the right side pushed towards rear. Be careful not to hit the bulbs or the "candles" since they are fragile. The 'feet' of the menorah are also fragile.
Menorah prep: Plug in the menorah to test bulbs and sockets. If a socket is burned out or defective, check with Arthur right away (and cross your fingers). If the menorah wood needs polyurethane, contact Juan Leal. Make sure that we have at least 8 bulbs (same dark amber color) to cover the holiday. Menorah bulbs are available in some grocery and hardware stores or Home Depot.
Menorah placement: We place the menorah next to the Tree facing the Point. The feet of the menorah should be turned out (90 degrees) and bricks put onto them to stabilize the menorah against the wind.
Make arrangements for each bulb to be turned at sunset.
When Hanukah is over, carefully return menorah to the shed addition.
Gently remove each string of lights and put each one into a separate plastic bag, gently putting them into the purple box. If the spare bulb or fuse supply is low, make a note to order more. Return box to its spot in the shed.


text:
Topic: Laurent Schwartz
Laurent Lafforgue
Alain Connes
Alexander Grothendieck
Pierre Deligne
Dave Dellinger
Langlands program
Isaac Deutscher
Russell Tribunal
Fields Medal
Abel Prize
Religious conversion
James Baldwin (writer)
Peter Weiss
Schwartz (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
Schwartz was tireless in his calls for justice, and organised a presentation of the young man's thesis in his absence.
Schwartz's development of the theory of distributions put methods of this type onto a sound basis, and greatly extended their range of application, providing powerful tools for applications in numerous areas.
Schwartz's idea (in 1947) was to give a unified interpretation of all the generalized functions that had infiltrated analysis as (continuous) linear functionals on the space Cç of infinitely differentiable functions vanishing outside compact sets.
www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk /~history/Mathematicians/Schwartz.html (1103 words)
He had butterflies, but not about maths - smh.com.au
Laurent Schwartz, who has died aged 87, was the ideal of the French intellectual.
In 1952, Schwartz moved from Nancy to the Sorbonne, and in 1958 became a professor at the Ecole Polytechnique (EP).
Schwartz campaigned tirelessly for an investigation, and organised a committee to look into the death; in 1960, he signed the Declaration des 121 [French intellectuals], with Sartre and Simone de Beauvoir, which solemnly declared the moral right of youth to rebel against the Algerian War.
www.smh.com.au /articles/2002/08/21/1029114135483.html (900 words)
EducationGuardian.co.uk | Special Reports | Laurent Schwartz
With the armistice of 1940, Schwartz found himself writing his mathematics thesis in Clermont-Ferrand, where the Germans regarded the university as their particular enemy (it had taken refuge there when Strasbourg was annexed to Germany).
In 1957, Schwartz became involved in the affaire Audin, the case of the 25-year-old communist and teacher of mathematics in Algiers, who disappeared after being arrested by French paratroopers.
In 1960, Schwartz was one of those who signed the Manifeste des 121, encouraging young men to refuse to serve in the French army at war in Algeria.
education.guardian.co.uk /obituary/story/0,12212,770514,00.html (801 words)
Daily Telegraph (London, England): Obituary of Laurent Schwartz; French mathematician and opponent of ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
Obituary of Laurent Schwartz; French mathematician and opponent of colonialism.(News)(Obituary)
PROFESSOR LAURENT SCHWARTZ, who has died aged 87, won the Fields Medal - the equivalent of the Nobel Prize for mathematicians - for his theory of distributions, a broadening of differential and integral calculus; he was also a keen political activist.
Schwartz's academic contribution was to put on a solid mathematical basis the calculus which had been proposed by the British physicists Oliver Heaviside and Paul Dirac for specific applications in physics.
www.highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1G1:90346551&refid=ip_encyclopedia_hf (195 words)
Gbagbo, Laurent -- Encyclopædia Britannica
Laurent Gbagbo of Côte d'Ivoire was, in large measure, a victim of his own success.
For some 30 years he fought for the rights of workers in his native country, first as a political dissident, helping to usher in multiparty elections in 1990, and then as a political opposition leader, eventually rising to head of state in 2000.
Yves Saint Laurent was the originator of almost every major fashion trend since the 1950s.
www.britannica.com /eb/article-9396440?tocId=9396440 (767 words)
Read This: A Mathematician Grappling with His Century
Except for a brief discussion on Schwartz's most important mathematical contribution, the concept of distributions, which generalized the notion of function and allowed for a considerable broadening of calculus, most of the math in this book is written from a historical perspective and largely accessible to non-mathematical readers.
Schwartz states that he dedicated the rest of his life to promoting justice, organizing support for national liberation movements, and analyzing the "appropriate" response to the burning social questions of the day.
Schwartz summarizes that the work of the Committee served two important functions: securing the release of the imprisoned, and showing the rest of the world that mathematicians can be absorbed by issues beyond their research.
www.maa.org /reviews/grappling.html (1174 words)
Schwarz - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Schwarz, Schwartz comes from schwarz, the German word for the color fl.
Schwortz - a less common form found within English-speaking environments, the spelling adapted to reflect the English pronunciation.
("May the Schwartz be with you!" while making the Vulcan gesture)
en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Schwartz (176 words)
Encyclopedia: Laurent Schwartz (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
Laurent Schwartz (5 March 1915 – 4 July 2002 in Paris) was a French mathematician.
German soldiers at the Battle of Stalingrad World War II was the most extensive and costly armed conflict in the history of the world, involving the great majority of the worlds nations, being fought simultaneously in several major theatres, and costing tens of millions of lives.
The American Mathematical Society (AMS) is dedicated to the interests of mathematical research and education, which it does with various publications and conferences as well as annual monetary awards to mathematicians.
www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Laurent-Schwartz (512 words)
Lions_Jacques-Louis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
Schwartz had received the medal at the International Congress of Mathematicians in Harvard on 30 August 1950 for his work on the theory of distributions.
Schwartz had made a big breakthrough in the understanding of partial differential equations which he saw should be completely recast in the context of distribution theory.
Lions was one of several students who Schwartz directed to take this new approach and his doctoral thesis developed what has become the standard variational theory of linear elliptic and evolution equations.
www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk /history/Mathematicians/Lions_Jacques-Louis.html (1970 words)
Lycos Search : laurent
Pierre Laurent entered the École Polytechnique in Paris in 1830, in the year of the July...
Laurent Kabila seemed like a saviour during his march to power - but he failed to deliver his people from poverty and corruption.
Yves Saint Laurent Baby Doll Paris Anti-Perspirant Deodorant Spray - Launched in 1999 as a fruity floral fragrance for women, this is the Peter Pan of the...
search.lycos.co.uk /cgi-bin/pursuit?query=laurent (284 words)
USATODAY.com - 30, 31, 32, 33 ... 'Crafty' Schwartz mows down foes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
He has blown past the Division III record of 25 by Dennys Gomez of William Penn (Iowa) and the all-division mark of 26, shared by Scott Nielsen of Brigham Young and Kyle Sleeth of Wake Forest.
Schwartz began his college career at Maryland, but he never took the mound there.
Now that he has the record, Schwartz says his goals are slightly different.
www.usatoday.com /sports/college/baseball/2005-04-25-rowan-schwartz-record_x.htm (601 words)
Montreal e-Guide! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
The usual order is a smoked meat sandwich, fries and a dill with Cott fl cherry cola (according to the "experts" and some restaurant guides), but since it has become sort of a stereotypical order, your should order what you want and don't care about tradition.
I have eaten at Schwartz about twice (I waited about 10 years after moving to the city until going there) and yes, it's great smoked meat and no, the service is not that bad.
So it's a tossup, go to Schwartz if you want to say you ate there or go to The Main if you don't want to wait too long.
www.toutmontreal.com /cgi-bin/guide/cherche.cgi?restaurants,Schwartz's_deli,*restaurants (285 words)
Laurent Schwartz -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
Laurent Schwartz (5 March 1915 –; 4 July 2002) was a (The Romance language spoken in France and in countries colonized by France) French (A person skilled in mathematics) mathematician.
He was born in (The capital and largest city of France; and international center of culture and commerce) Paris.
Being a (A person belonging to the worldwide group claiming descent from Jacob (or converted to it) and connected by cultural or religious ties) Jew, he had to spend parts (Click link for more info and facts about WWII) WWII in hiding under aliases, most predominantly the name of Laurent Sélimartin.
www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/l/la/laurent_schwartz.htm (316 words)
Laurent Schwartz (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
Laurent Schwartz (5 March 1915 –; 4 July 2002) was a French mathematician.
After studying at the École Normale Supérieure, he got his doctorate from the Faculty of Sciences in Strasbourg.
Being a Jew, he had to spend WWII in hiding under the name of Laurent Sélimartin.
www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/laurent_schwartz (167 words)
Laurent Schwartz entered the Ecole Normale Supérieure in Paris in 1934.
Schwartz's idea (in 1947) was to give a unified interpretation of all the generalized functions that had infiltrated analysis as (continuous) linear functionals on the space C
Schwartz's ideas can be applied to many other spaces of test-functions besides C
homepages.compuserve.de /thweidenfeller/mathematiker/Schwartz.htm (565 words)
montrealfood.com: Reviews >> Schwartz's
Moishe's—of great steak fame—was originally Moishe's Rumanian Paradise and almost next door was Schwartz's Hebrew Delicatessen and next to that was Kravitz's (cousin of Ben's Delicatessen downtown).
There are lots of great places for smoked meat left in town but the soul of the brisket—Montreal soul food if you will—is at Schwartz's.
There are tourists who hear of Schwartz's when they plan their trip to Montreal.
www.montrealfood.com /restos/schwartzs.html (370 words)
Schwartz's, Montreal, Canada
I am convinced tourists and locals alike all return to Schwartz's for their fix of smoked meat the way muslim pilgrims return to mecca.
Schwartz's deli / or/ The Main Schwartz is considered by many as the best smoked meat in the world.
Schwartz's still serves the best smoked meat in the city using the original recipe of spices since 1930.
www.virtualtourist.com /travel/North_America/Canada/Province_of_Quebec/Montreal-906413/Restaurants-Montreal-Schwartzs-BR-1.html (1360 words)
Kabila, Laurent -- Britannica Student Encyclopedia
He was the eldest son of the former president, Laurent Kabila, who had been shot by a bodyguard and apparently killed on January 16, although the death was not announced until two days later.
With the defeat of Zairean government forces and the departure of President Mobutu Sese Seko in the spring of 1997, the victorious rebel leader Laurent Kabila renamed Zaire the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
International diplomats began referring to the nation as Congo-Kinshasa, using the name of its capital to distinguish it from the neighboring nation known as the...
www.britannica.com /ebi/article-9311939 (698 words)
montreal and quebec city
Laurent street also up around Blvd des Pins (Pine to us Anglos) or Rachel.
On St. Laurent street, Schwartz's is not to be missed, and a few doors up,
Eurodeli on St. Laurent, is a another big local hangout.
www.thetravelforum.com /t199573.html (1226 words)
Schwartz, Laurent-Moise -- Encyclopædia Britannica (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
More results on "Schwartz, Laurent-Moise" when you join.
The U.S. poet, short-story writer, and literary critic Delmore Schwartz was noted for his lyrical descriptions of isolation and the search for identity.
When the Congo region of Africa became independent from Belgium in 1960, the province of Katanga (now the Shaba region of the Democratic Republic of the Congo) broke away in an attempt to become an independent nation.
Laurent Schwartz, inventor of the theory of distributions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
Laurent Schwartz, inventor of the theory of distributions
Laurent Schwartz is the inventor of the theory of distributions, which has played a large role in quantum field theory and other branches of applied mathematics.
Whereas Dirac invented the Dirac delta-function and its derivatives, Schwartz made it all into respectable mathematics.
www.mth.kcl.ac.uk /~streater/schwartz.html (63 words)
30368 Re: Montreal, lucyscreams4u, Thu Nov 13, 2003 8:30am (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
But the old stand-by where Montrealers go is Schwartz's (3895 St Laurent).
They smoke the meat on the premises, which as the story goes is illegal but the Montreal cops frequent the place and turn a blind eye so the place is still open.
Laurent (St. Lawrence in the restaurant addresses above or The Main as it is known in the local parlance) is more commonly frequented by French speaking Montrealers.
www.thetravelzine.com /TTarchive/030368.html (652 words)
University of North Dakota in Grand Forks, North Dakota
Laurent Schwartz (1915-2002) gave a rigorous mathematical description of distributions.
Schwartz won a Field's Medal for his work.
In his endeavor, Schwartz carefully studied locally convex spaces and this area of mathematics continues to be active today.
www.und.nodak.edu /instruct/gilsdorf/webpages/research.html (287 words)
Laurent Dekydtspotter
What second language learners know about the interpretation of certain structures of the target language (i.e., French) which are not found in the native language (i.e., English) can be very probative of the kind of knowledge involved in knowing a second language, because not all syntactic systems have the same semantic consequences.
He often colaborates with Rex A. Sprouse (Indiana University) and Bonnie D. Schwartz (University of Hawaii) on a number of projects.
Authors: Bonnie Schwartz, Laurent Dekydtspotter and Rex A. Sprouse.
www.indiana.edu /~frithome/faculty/LDekydtspotter.html (733 words)
Alibris: Laurent Schwartz
By challenging many established beliefs, Cancer explores these issues by offering new perspectives on the study of cancer and exploring the...
The autobiography of Schwartz, one of the most remarkable intellects of the 20th Century.
His love of science and teaching led him to lecture broadly on the significance of science and mathematics to the well being of the world.
www.alibris.com /search/books/author/Laurent_Schwartz (184 words)
Find in a Library: Mathematical analysis and applications : essays dedicated to Laurent Schwartz on the occasion of his ...
Find in a Library: Mathematical analysis and applications : essays dedicated to Laurent Schwartz on the occasion of his 65th birthday
Mathematical analysis and applications : essays dedicated to Laurent Schwartz on the occasion of his 65th birthday
WorldCat is provided by OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Inc. on behalf of its member libraries.
www.worldcatlibraries.org /wcpa/ow/38c0709b7d59b113.html (75 words)
The New York Review of Books: SUPPORT FOR THE POLISH WORKERS
By Claude Roy, Eugene Ionesco, Guenter Grass, Heinrich Boell, Ignazio Silone, Jean Daniel, Jean-Marie Domenach, Jean-Paul Sartre, Laurent Schwartz, Pierre Emmanuel, Saul Bellow, Stephen Spender
Last August, thirteen Polish intellectuals addressed an appeal to seventeen Western intellectuals asking them to express their solidarity with Polish workers who were being victimized by the government because of their participation in the strikes and demonstrations of June 1976.
We accordingly also call upon the labor organizations and the trade unions in our own countries which so often have stood up for the rights and dignity of their workers, to intervene on behalf of the Polish workers who were imprisoned and persecuted for having demonstrated against the aggravation of their living conditions.
www.nybooks.com /articles/8654 (535 words)
Agence France Presse French: Décès de Laurent Schwartz, mathématicien engagé@ HighBeam Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
Agence France Presse French: Décès de Laurent Schwartz, mathématicien engagé@ HighBeam Research
Le mathématicien de renommée internationale Laurent Schwartz, ancien professeur à l'Ecole polytechnique, membre de l'Académie des sciences et militant de gauche, est décédé jeudi à l'âge de 87 ans, a-t-on appris mardi auprès de sa famille.
Auteur de la théorie des distributions, Laurent Schwartz fut le premier Français à recevoir en 1950, à 35 ans, la médaille Fields, considérée comme l'équivalent du prix Nobel en mathématiques.
www.highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1P1:54187767&refid=holomed_1 (160 words)


Model L-75i converts any room into a custom movie theater by smoothly lowering large TV screens into view at the push of a button. Precision-engineered for ease of installation and superior reliability, this lift has been installed in more luxury homes, government facilities and royal palaces than any other mechanism.
Shows the lift with a "floating lid". This means the lid (or cover piece) is attached to the bottom the lift system, just below the TV, and the lid will drop down and raise up with the TV. All hardware and instructions to create the floating lid are included.
Use this convenient mount to place your soundbar just below the TV and it will drop down and raise with the lift.


text:
Have You Mastered These Private Finance Methods?
September 1, 2022 Graphic Design
The Charger was Dodge's first muscle automotive in the 1960s and entered the market as their answer to Ford Mustang and Chevrolet Camaro. Ford lost $350 million on the automobile because it was merely too costly to provide, and no one bought it. What automotive from the 1960's are we speaking about? She fearful that too extreme action by the Federal Reserve to tame inflation could halt the progress workers are making. Anytime you might be telling a buyer that they are getting one thing for nothing this may assist motivate them to shop with you. If a potential buyer can not find what he needs inside the first few clicks, he will leave and go to a competitor. Recreation seekers will find hiking, camping, fishing, cross-country skiing, and snowmobiling within the byway corridor. If you happen to cost it too low, you will possible obtain a number of provides, which should drive up the value. Accessible as a two-seat convertible and hardtop, the 3500 was constructed by the legendary manufacturer Maserati until 1964. This was a front-engine, rear-wheel drive automobile powered by a 3.5-liter straight-6 engine, which produced round 220 brake horsepower.
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Along with a nice desk, an workplace in a home might have an space the place an individual would unfold out their work, resembling a large desk with chairs underneath. Its utilization may lead to important relationships being not noted of the MST. An upside of this result is that it holds for discrete-time rebalancing. Named after a town in France, the Calais was produced by Cadillac from 1965 to 1976. Although a full-sized luxury automobile, it was aimed on the entry-stage market. To that end, the folks elected Franklin D. Roosevelt, who instantly set to work implementing applications aimed at alleviating the hurting economy. Our work is motivated by the Japan Residency Matching Program, during which the policymaker desires to guarantee the least number of docs working in rural areas to realize the minimum commonplace of service. This tiny sports activities automotive, with a 700cc engine, was marketed in Japan between 1965 and 1969. It was also one of the primary cars to make use of a roof panel that could possibly be lifted out. A little bit over 500 of this sports activities touring automotive were produced by BMW from 1962 to 1965. The 3200 Coupe was basically seen as a 2-door grand tourer.
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text:
UK Political Parties
The Conservative Party
The Liberal Democrats
The Scottish National Party (SNP)
The Green Party (England and Wales)
Entertainment & Polls
Home Education De-Gendering Children? Leave Them Alone
Social/Welfare
De-Gendering Children? Leave Them Alone
By Bethany Russell -
"What man has joined, nature is powerless to put asunder" Aldous Huxley, Brave New World
Huxley's brilliant 1932 novel describes a dystopian future in which Controllers systematically programme children to engender a pre-assigned social designation. In one well-known passage, babies are given bowls of flower petals and books to play with. Their enjoyment is shattered as piercing shrieks and electric shocks are administered, leaving them with a lifelong aversion to learning and to nature. The Controllers are thus able to effectively indoctrinate them as to their correct place in society.
The message of the novel is not particularly cryptic. Imagine a world where our natural inclinations to explore, to discover, and to be fundamentally free, are curbed in the name of societal betterment. The adults of the brave new world are free, in a sense, to pursue hedonistic desires – so long as they don't start questioning the status quo of the regime. Brave New World is a kind of fictitious case study in the enormous threat that social engineering could pose to society.
As the question of gender and child development seems to become a defining issue of our time, we see regular reports and television programmes purveying a notion that by speaking to, dressing, interacting with and entertaining our children in certain ways, we are being prescriptive about their gender identity, and that that is wrong.
This assumption, while fundamentally problematic, has a couple of qualifiers. Firstly, there is a wealth of evidence that girls are far less likely to pursue STEM related careers than boys, whose ride-on fire trucks and toy work benches, early on, might be somewhat more conducive to STEM skillsets. Secondly, many children thrive in, and are very good at, roles which deviate from a traditional boy-girl behavioural paradigm – ballet dancing boys and girl drummers are standard examples. A consensus is emerging that preventing children from pursuing careers and hobbies on the basis of gendered suitability is limiting, arbitrary and old fashioned. Social attitudes have largely shifted, and I imagine that most parents would say that they let their kids play with toys at their own leisure. I am one such parent; in accordance with social diktat, I gave my two sons (2 and 3) free reign of toys, consciously not dissuading them from playing with dolls or prams. Still, our house is littered with toy bricks, trains and cars. That's consumer choice for you I guess.
However, much of the social experimentation being promulgated in the media to address developmental 'gender imbalance' is not about letting kids be kids, free to play with the toys they choose. In fact, it inverts the very thing it is trying to oppose, by banning certain toys, pronouns, and descriptive language deemed to entrench damaging gender assumptions. The BBC's recent documentary No More Boys And Girls: Can Our Kids Go Gender Free? sees Doctor Javid Abdelmoneim purge a classroom environment of any reference to differences between genders (except signs reading, "boys are sensitive"; "girls are strong"). Boys and girls toys were removed, as were colours of pink and blue (as though their removal implies a disparity in the way we might value, say, a police officer and a nurse). The experiment seeks to reverse asymmetrical development between boys and girls in areas of self-confidence, emotional intelligence and spatial awareness, on the premise that "there is no such thing as a male or female brain type…the brain is a plastic organ, shaped and moulded by experiences" (BBC).
The problem is, this premise holds that environmental factors are essentially meaningless, or at least that there could feasibly be a level of gender abstraction when it comes to raising a child. The fact is that, no, there can't. Not unless you issue a press release on behalf of your own unfortunate kid declaring that their biological sex will be obscured until the child decides for themselves whether they identify as a boy or a girl. Or as something else altogether. Today, more children than ever are seeking gender identity treatment, with the number of children referred to the Tavistock clinic doubling between 2015 and 2016. Gender identity politics has muddied the issue to such an extent that it is unclear as to whether this trend is regrettable, or something to celebrate (as more children break through imagined gendered boundaries). Meanwhile, the poor kid in the middle lives with the bewilderment that this unscientific – even nihilistic – view of gender breeds.
And there is something distinctly un-(even anti)scientific about gender identity politics. Don't worry about XX/XY sex chromosomes, which can literally be observed in a laboratory. It is unhelpful and detracts from a distinctly political agenda. I remember my shock in a sociology seminar at university when I first encountered the proposition that there were, in fact, 27 different genders. Not that gender is a social construction, and thus can be done away with altogether; that would at least make a scintilla of sense. Some girls prefer camo shorts and cropped hair – regardless, by the way, of who they would rather marry once they're old enough to worry about that kind of thing – so yes, dress is essentially arbitrary. But if 'gender' by definition is a manifestation of social expectations about presentation, why not just disregard the very concept? Why expand the list from two to 27? Incidentally, what if I don't identify with any one of the 27? Can we add another one to the list?
This is in no way a comment on the immensely complex experience of kids who feel fundamentally detached from their biological sex. I am not qualified to do so (my good friend is). My point is this: wholesale rejection of very basic, scientific ideas about boys and girls in order to combat traditional social constructions is throwing the genderless baby out with the proverbial bath water. Aldous Huxley imagined a world where, in an effort to control outcomes, freedom of natural development, of interaction with ideas and with your environment, and the freedom to question or challenge teaching, were decisively shut down. Thank Ford it hasn't come to that yet.* Still, I'm not sure whether I need to start worrying a little about the direction of travel. Please leave the kids alone.
*Read the book. It's really good.
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When I got hold of some extra funds last December, I almost made a mad dash to SM Megamall's Cyberzone to check on some of the gadgets I've been window-shopping for the previous months. I knew I couldn't afford a new laptop. And a new mobile phone is out of the question (with the number of mobiles I'd already been juggling across my palms–most of which I've already off-loaded as of this writing). And I was looking for something I still didn't have–at least not as an independent, detached gizmo you'd normally expect one of those high tech Swedish or Finnish bricks to have as built-in features.
So I thought I'd get an MP3 player–or more accurately, a portable media player. An iPod was not an option, since I didn't want to blow it all in one go. And especially so, since back then, the older-generation models were still retailing at prices unthinkable six months after.
So I was shopping for something cheap but utilitarian, and was glad to come across the Creative Nomad MuVo 64MB. This is the very first incarnation of the MuVo line (along with its bigger brother, with 128MB of flash memory). Yes, the storage is paltry compared to the standards by that time: only 64 megabytes. But it was the price factor that wowed me. Only PhP 1,599.00. Yes, on a cost-per-MB or GB comparison, I could have saved more with other higher-end products, but I opted to buy the MuVo since it wouldn't cost me an arm and a leg. And it wouldn't kill me if I got to lose or screw it up–it's so inexpensive (and looked quite sturdy, too).
Some details. This little baby doesn't have a screen, nor a recording feature. While newer MuVo versions had a screen, I thought I wasn't missing out on anything, since devices as small as these are known to have crappy UI's, anyway. And I wasn't expecting on holding that many a music file, anyway, so I got by navigate with ease by moving forward or backward among the few songs the thing held.
The small storage didn't bother me. I still got to store about 30 songs in the 64MB space (trick: I converted my 128kbps MP3s to 64kbps WMAs–same audio quality), with room for a handful of documents and personal files. Anyway, I lug my laptop around almost everywhere I go, so that takes care of the need for a change in content. And I recently switched to listening to podcasts, and this little thing can hold up to two hours worth of rantings and ramblings (I mostly listen to tech programs, such as TWiT, Diggnation, and Leo Laporte's regular radio show/podcast). Good enough for that one-hour drive or commute to the office and back home.
If you ever get to buy the MuVo, I suggest the first thing you do is upgrade the firmware. That's what I did, and I got increased functionality (the unit now supports storing files in separate foldes, among other new features).
What came with the package. The unit came with a neck-strap, Creative earbuds, an Energizer AAA battery, and a driver and app CD.
The verdict. Not something an audiophile would be happy with, but it's pwede na (good enough) for someone who'd want to have music on the go without breaking the bank. Good enough for me.


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Q: Show that the language wb^|w| (any string w over {a,b} followed by as many b's as the size of w) is not regular. Question : Show that the language wb^|w| (any string w over {a,b} followed by as many b's as the size of w) is not regular.
My proof (as per my opinion) is that: We suppose that w is a regular language so (w^2)b^|w| would also be regular and we will use pumping lemma that this is not regular by contradiction.
So, our language would be:
If

*

*W=1: ab

*W=2: aabb

*W=3: aaabbb (That's where I am confused at If I am doing if rightly)

then, X = XYZ where, |XY|<=n and |Y|>0,
Let's take X = a, Y=ab, Z=b, and then for XY^iZ, we will take i = 3.
Then our X = aabababb. Which wouldn't be available in our language. Hence proved by contradiction.
That's what I think The answer is but I am bit doubtful. Any comments would be helpful.

A: Let $L=\left\{wb^{|w|}:w\in\{a,b\}^*\right\}$; you want to prove that $L$ is not regular. This can easily be done with the pumping lemma, but what you've done doesn't make much sense.
First, there is no reason to bring in the language $\left\{w^2b^{|w|}:w\in\{a,b\}^*\right\}$, and it is not at all clear that this language would be regular if $L$ were. Next, it is not at all clear what you are doing with $W$: you've given us no explanation of the bulleted lines. Finally, if $X=XYZ$, then $Y=Z=\epsilon$, the empty word, which I'm sure is not what you intended.
To use the pumping lemma properly, suppose that $L$ is regular, let $p$ be the pumping length, and let $u=a^pb^p$; setting $w=a^p$, we can see that $u\in L$. The pumping lemma now tells us that $u$ can be decomposed as $u=xyz$, where $|xy|\le p$, $|y|\ge 1$, and $xy^kz\in L$ for each integer $k\ge 0$.
Since $|xy|\le p$, $xy$ must be contained in the $a^p$ part of $u$. Thus, there are integers $r\ge 0$ and $s\ge 1$ such that $x=a^r$, $y=a^s$, and $r+s\le p$. Of course this means that $z=a^{p-r-s}b^p$. Then for each $k\ge 0$ we have
$$xy^kz=a^ra^{ks}a^{p-r-s}b^p=a^{p+(k-1)s}b^p\in L\,.$$
But $p+(k-1)s>p$ whenever $k>1$, and in particular, $xy^2z=a^{p+s}b^p$. If we can show that this word is not in $L$, we'll have a contradiction proving that $L$ is not regular after all.
To show that $a^{p+s}b^p\notin L$, we have to show that there is no $w\in\{a,b\}^*$ such that $a^{p+s}b^p=wb^{|w|}$. Suppose that $a^{p+s}b^p=wb^{|w|}$; there are only $p$ $b$s in $a^{p+s}b^p$, so $|w|\le p$. But then
$$\left|wb^{|w|}\right|=2|w|\le 2p<2p+s=\left|a^{p+s}b^p\right|\,,$$
since $s\ge 1$, so in fact $wb^{|w|}$ cannot be equal to $a^{p+s}b^p$, and $a^{p+s}b^p$ cannot be in $L$. This is the contradiction that we wanted, showing that $L$ is not regular.


A set of 2 Boule Bowls, perfect for side dishes, ice cream, or even around the house. Available in all four glazes: Black Lichen (Black), Molten Shadow (Shiny), Fresh Snow (White), and Granite (Mottled). The Granite finish has to go through two firings, thus reflected in the price.


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Pressure to weaken Pound stepped up
PLANS to put further pressure on government to tackle the strong Pound are gathering pace.
Two weeks ago, the NFU revealed it had teamed up with representatives from UK manufacturing industries to lobby the Treasury.
Details of how the alliance plans to do this are now emerging.
"We are changing tack," says Sin Roberts, NFU chief economist. "We have been repeatedly lobbying Eddie George at the Bank of England.
"The trouble is, he always comes back with the same answer the monetary policy committee has one remit, to control inflation."
Unfortunately, the only way it can so this is by altering interest rates. If, as recently, rates rise, Sterling becomes more attractive to investors, and it strengthens against less attractive currencies, notably the Euro.
This makes imports cheaper, exports more costly and cuts Euro-based subsidy payments.
But, says Mr Roberts, there are two sides to economic policy.
"There is monetary policy, which the Bank of England controls, which directly affects exchange rates. Then there is fiscal policy government spending and taxation.
"This has an indirect effect on exchange rates, since it affects the decisions taken by the monetary policy committee."
It is this second avenue on which the alliance is now concentrating.
Some Treasury decisions have already been identified as inflationary, which has put pressure on interest rates, says Mr Roberts.
"Several observers, including the International Monetary Fund and members of the monetary policy committee, pointed out that Gordon Brown loosened fiscal policy in the last Budget by 1.5-2%.
The undoubted conclusion was that this would lead to further increases in interest rates, and therefore the exchange rate."
"We are using independent economic consultants to look at the implications of fiscal policy on the economy, and we will present the findings in mid-July, just before the Chancellors comprehensive spending review."
Lobbying will be maintained through the autumn, when Mr Brown makes his pre-budget statement, and into the spring, leading up to what is likely to be a pre-election Budget.
"We all know the Chancellor has a huge budget surplus.
"While much of this may go to hospitals and education, there is also a big temptation to give money away in the form of tax cuts. That could boost consumer spending, putting further pressure on interest rates," says Mr Roberts.
"Many industries are having an extremely tough time. Jobs have been lost, and more will go.
The government must take a balanced view in the next few months, and not risk fuelling inflation in the run-up to the next election."


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Home » Tamil Nadu » Yercaud
Posted/Updated on June 04, 2010
Yercaud is a lesser-known hill station when compared to Ooty and Kodaikanal, located on the Servaroyan Hills, in Salem District, Yercaud is a hill station visited by tourists throughout the year. The Servaroyan Hills as a whole, provide many beautiful vistas and panoramic views. Yercaud itself is a pretty hill station with a pleasant cool climate. Yercaud's temperature never rises above 30° C or falls below 13° C. This is one hill station where one does not feel the bitting cold of winter. With such a salubrious climate, Yerkaud can be visited round the year. It is an hour's drive from Salem and is the least expensive hill station in India.
Yercaud is also called "Ooty of the Poor " and is known for Coffee Plantations and Orange Groves. Yercaud is still comparatively more peaceful and cheaper than the major southern resorts of Ooty and Kodaikanal, but every year the influx from the plains is growing larger. The highest point in Yercaud is Shevaroy temple, which is situated at a height of 5,326. History of Yercaud Yercaud got its name from the Tamil words, yeri and kaadu, meaning lake and forest respectively. The British discovered it in the early 19th century. There are accounts of coffee plantations being introduced by a British officer in the area in the second decade of the 19th century. Though first house was built in 1840, the first metalled roads were laid only in the early 20th century. The cool climate attracted Christian missionaries and they established the Sacred Heart Convent for girls and Montfort School for boys. Schools like the Holy Cross Novitiate House, started by the Brothers of Don Bosco, followed these.
Prime Attractions of Yercaud
Today, the Yercaud is very rich in tourist spots. A nature lover's paradise, the famous hill resort of Yercaud offers a lot of sites to visit. Few of them are:
Yercaud Lake: the first thing that attracts a visitor is the lake. It is a picturesque pool surrounded by gardens and well woonded areas. Boating in the cold water of the lake is enchanting as well as refreshing. And the other, is Anna Park – this is a lovely garden near the lake.
Lady's Seat: It overlooks the winding ghat road and provides a breathtaking view. This view is spectacular at night with the twinkling lights of Salem town in sight. The tourists can have a panoramic view of the plains below through the telescope mounted at the Lady's Seat.
Killiyur Falls: this 3000 feet high water falls is situated amidst picturesque surroundings.
The Grange: The castle - like building built by the then Collector of Salem, M.D. Cockburn who first introduced coffee from Arabia and apples and other fruits from South Africa between 1820 AD and 1829 AD in Yercaud is said to have played an imortant role in the revolt of 1857 AD.
Bear's Cave: It is situated near the Norton Bungalow on the way to Servaroyan temple. It is an important tourist spot. Temple here is one of the six abodes of Lord Subramanya. Its innermost shrine is cut out of a solid rock.
The Servaroyan Temple: It is situated atop Servorayan Hill. The tribals here celebrate their annual festival in May every year. And the other, excursions from Yercaud are Salem, this is the largest city in the region and has some old temples but is basically known for its industries, mainly steel, sago and hand weaving.
Namakkal: The town lies at the foot of a small hillock which is about 200 feet high and about half mile in circumference. There is a fort on the hillock. There are two rock-cut cave temples here, one dedicated to Narasimhaswamy and the other to Ranganathaswamy. There is also a big Hanuman statue of about 20' height here carved out of a single stone.
Aragalur: is about 4 kms South East of Talaivasal on the right back of Vasishtanadhi. The name of the village in Tamil means "Village of six trenches". The village was ruled by a prince named Ekambara Mudaliyar. It has two imposing temples, one is dedicated to Sri Kameswara and the other to Karivaradaperumal. There is a big Budhdha statue at Thiyanganur village on the outskirts of Aragalur Village.
Bhavani: The Sangameswarar temple here is situated at the confluence of the rivers Bhavani and Kaveri. It is one of the most important pilgrims centres in South India.
Vedanthangal: Vedanthangal is one of the largest bird sancturies in India. It is a marshy, 30 hectare park with lake visited by over 1,00,000 migratory birds every year. The majority of these birds can be seen between November and February. The variety of birds include Herons, Darters, Spoonbills, Pelicans, Sandpipers, White Ibis, Cormorants,Blue winged teals and Swans.
Mettur Dam: This multi-purpose dam built on the River Cauvery is a nice picnic spot, situated as it is, amidst well - maintained gardens. Water from the Stanley reservoir is used for irrigating a major portion of the plains of central Tamil Nadu.
Kolli Hills: this is the second hill station in the district at an altitude of 1190 mts. Sri Kapaleeswara Temple is located on the top of the hills called Chathuragiri is one of the oldest. The terrace type of 70-hair pin bend ghat road, the fruits cultivated, honey, and the unchanged tribal culture are unique memories. The wonderful Agasakangai Waterfalls flowing from a height over 2000 feet is a unique scene.
Tiruchengodu: Tiruchengodu is one of the seven Sivasthalams in Kongunadu. This is another pilgrim centre which has an ancient temple dedicated to Ardhanareeswar - a unique concept of Saivism where the deity is half male and half female. How to reach Yercaud can be easily accessed through air, train and bus.
Best time to Visit : Throughout the Year
How to reach Yercaud
By Air :The nearest airport is Trichy, 163-km from Yercaud. Other options are Coimbatore or Bangalore for convenient air connections. Coimbatore is 190-km away. They are all connected to Chennai, which has an international airport.
By Rail : Ideal would be to take the Yercaud Express from Chennai. Salem Junction is 36-km away from Yercaud and Salem town is located at a distance of 33-km. Since Salem station is a junction, all southbound trains passing via Salem stop at Salem. Trains link Salem to Cochin, Erode, Trivandrum and Mangalore.
By Road: Yercaud 30-km away and an hour's drive from Salem can also be reached by bus or taxi. Regular bus services ply from Chennai, Salem and other important points. There are buses every half-hour from Salem. Yercaud is well connected by road to Trichy, Madurai, Bangalore, and Coimbatore. Buses, both private and government-owned, ply throughout the day to Salem. Private taxis are also available.
By Srinivasa Rao M a la/s June 04, 2010


I'd like to know if I have the right to petition for a change in our visitation schedule?
My ex and I are in the process of divorce and have a custody agreement, and temporary orders set in place. He has our 1 year old son every Monday over night into Tuesday. However, he works Mondays and Tuesday, and pawns my son off on his family. He also has our son every other weekend. I am perfectly able to care for my son during those days that he is not available. I am looking to petition for visitation on alternating weekends only for him. Is that acceptable?
Certainly talk to your attorney. For a 1 year old particularly- not seeing a parent for almost 2 weeks is a very long time. It is really important for a young child to see the parent he is not living with as frequently as possible. That is why a weeknight is often included in a parenting plan- so that the child can spend time with the parent on the week that they would not be seeing them and for a shorter period of time. Perhaps an adjustment to this schedule may have a better result for both of you? A night that "dad" is not working- and more towards the middle of the week. or the evening and overnight with dad and the daytime with you if you are not working. Perhaps there is one weekday that dad can leave work early and stay late on another day to make up for it when the child is not with him. This overnight can also allow you to use the time for something that you need to do. It is so important to encourage the relationship that each parent has with their child. Your child will have immense benefits over his entite life by being able to build a solid relationship now with his father. These adjustments to the schedule will happen over many years of your son's life. When your din enters school schedules may change. It is so helpful to look at them as opportunities to increase the bonds that your son has with both his mother and his father.


This week we check out the color depth of our users as reported by Google Analytics.
I remember a time when everyone used web safe colors only. I remember heated battles at work with the designers about moving to 16bit. I think today those discussions are moot. Everyone seems to have 16 bit or more in color depth. I know I do not think about web safe colors anymore. Do you?