text:
Johann Georg Grimm (1846–1887) was a German painter, designer and decorator who is best known for the work he produced during a lengthy stay in the Empire of Brazil.

Biography

He was the son of a successful carpenter and was initially trained to follow his father into the trade. When they were hired to do some work in the library at Rauhenzell Castle, he found himself fascinated by the art books and decided that he wanted to become a painter, so he worked his way across Bavaria, finally arriving in Munich in 1868, where he had accumulated just enough money to study at the Academy of Fine Arts under Karl von Piloty and Franz Adam. Despite living in abject poverty, he completed his studies successfully. He briefly served in the Franco-Prussian War, where he met the painter Thomas Georg Driendl, who would later join him in Brazil and work with him on several projects.

In 1872, he went on foot to Berlin, where a benefactor helped him to study fresco painting. He left Berlin later that year and headed for Italy; again aided by his mysterious benefactor, believed to be the wife of a prominent surgeon. After extensive travels through Italy, North Africa via Sicily, Spain, France and England, he finally found himself in Lisbon and decided to go to Brazil, probably arriving in late 1877 or early 1878. He settled in Rio de Janeiro and soon teamed up with a fellow German immigrant who owned a painting and decorating company. His interest in landscapes began when he was hired by the owners of the nearby fazendas to paint topographical pictures of their properties, which he executed with photographic precision.

More travels and the Grupo Grimm

He briefly returned to Germany from 1880 to 1881, following the death of his father, then took off travelling again; this time eastward, to Greece, Turkey, Palestine and Egypt. After a stay in Corsica, he returned to Brazil. Shortly after his arrival, he and his old friend Driendl were hired to create decorations at the Liceu Literário Português which was destroyed by fire in 1932. He then participated in an exhibition presented by the Sociedade Propagadora das Belas Artes, where he displayed the works he had painted after his earlier travels. He received the Gold Medal and much public praise, which resulted in his appointment to a vacant chair at the Imperial Academy of Fine Arts, obtained for him with the recommendation of Emperor Pedro II. One of the first things he did there was introduce the practice of plein-air painting.

Continuous disagreements with the Academy's leadership over his teaching methodology led to his resignation in 1884. Some of his students left with him and formed what came to be known as the "Grupo Grimm". It included many artists who would later become very well-known, such as Giovanni Battista Castagneto and Antônio Parreiras. The group had their first exhibition later that year at the Exposição Geral de Belas Artes, and several of them came away with Gold Medals.

Their association lasted only slightly more than a year, then broke up when Grimm was once again struck with wanderlust and moved to Minas Gerais, where he had worked during his first stay in the country. One of his initial projects there involved painting the curtains for the opera house in Sabará. This was followed by a tour of the coffee plantations, where he painted the life and work there as well as the architectural features he had depicted earlier.

During this time, he was diagnosed with tuberculosis. In June 1887, already ravaged by the disease, he called together his friends to say goodbye. He stayed for a short time with his brother in Wengen then, following his doctor's advice, went to Merano. Then, seeking a climate that was even more favorable, he went to Palermo. He died at the hospital there and was buried nearby.

References

Further reading
 , O Grupo Grimm; paisagismo brasileiro no século XIX. Rio de Janeiro: Pinakotheke, 1980.
 Stephanie Seltmann, Johann Georg Grimm 1846-1887: Künstlerkarriere zwischen Allgäu und Brasilien, Eberl, 2006

External links

 Johann Georg Grimm e as fazendas de café by Carlos Roberto Maciel Levy @ the Instituto Cidade Viva
 Paisagem: um conceito romântico na pintura brasileira - George Grimm by Isabel Sanson Portela @ DezenoveVinte.
 Georg Grimm  @ Kultur-oa

1846 births
1887 deaths
Brazilian painters
Landscape painters
German emigrants to Brazil
19th-century German painters
19th-century German male artists
German male painters
19th-century deaths from tuberculosis
Tuberculosis deaths in Italy
Infectious disease deaths in Sicily

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


ExamSuit is essentially a Math App designed for school students of classes 3 to 8. This App, which is supported across all Android devices, concentrates on providing students an easy and fun way to learn Math. Once the App is downloaded, the user can select the class and the chapter that he or she wants to practice. The App provides multiple choice questions and a test paper which are used to evaluate the performance in comparison with the other users of the App.
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2. Don't judge someone because they have a different look or style than you.
Are you willing to ASK? Are you willing to ask for what you desire and are craving for?
What are you craving for in your life right now?? What do you desire?
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text:
Q: What data type should Variables be when making GraphQL queries/mutations? How would one execute a graphQL query/mutation with variables?
I'm using this client: https://github.com/graphql-dotnet/graphql-client
I'm trying to perform the following:
https://help.shopify.com/en/api/custom-storefronts/storefront-api/guides/updating-customers#creating-the-customer
mutation customerCreate($input: CustomerCreateInput!) {
      customerCreate(input: $input) {
        userErrors {
          field
          message
        }
        customer {
          id
        }
      }
    }

Variables:
{
  "input": {
    "email": "user@example.com",
    "password": "HiZqFuDvDdQ7"
  }
}

my code:
    var request = new GraphQLRequest();
    request.Query = @"mutation customerCreate($input: CustomerCreateInput!) {
          customerCreate(input: $input) {
            userErrors {
              field
              message
            }
            customer {
              id
            }
          }
        }";

    request.OperationName = "customerCreate";
    request.Variables = new
    {
        email = "user@example.com",
        password = "HiZqFuDvDdQ7"
    };

    var client = new GraphQLClient("https://kitkatco.myshopify.com/api/graphql");
    client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add("X-Shopify-Storefront-Access-Token", new List<string> { "d021132503b1357116d5f1e51abd9f39" });
    var response = await client.PostAsync(request);

A: Found the solution. It is supposed to be an anonymous type. Like so:
    var v = new { email = "test1@yahoo.com", password = "fdsafsdfsdf" };
    var request = new GraphQLRequest
    {
        Query = @"mutation customerCreate($input: CustomerCreateInput!) {
          customerCreate(input: $input) {
            userErrors {
              field
              message
            }
            customer {
              id
            }
          }
        }",
        Variables = new
        {
            input = v
        }

    };

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
After months of anticipation, the Rochester Museum of Fine Arts officially opened its doors Saturday evening.
Within the first half-hour of the grand opening, about 95 visitors were already browsing the various pieces of art on the first and second floors of the building, located at Merchants Plaza.
"It's overwhelming to see so many people here," said Matt Wyatt, museum president. "I feel like we've done what we set out to start."
The second floor of the museum is dedicated to smaller works, and the first floor is set up for large works, such as oil paintings "Self Portrait as Queen" by Amber Lavalley and "Embrace" by Susan Schwake.
Laura Warecki, 25, of Waltham, Mass., was one of the many artists who donated to the Fine Arts Museum. About 50 pieces of art have been collected from all over the world, including from Germany, France, Canada, and the United States, and more works are one the way, said Wyatt.
Warecki, who contributed a mixed media work depicting a sailboat, titled "Life is But a Dream," said the arts museum is a great way to create a permanent collection while giving exposure to the various artists.
"The diversity of the art is just great," she said.
The museum contains many styles of art, including photography, traditional oil and water color paintings, contemporary and abstract art, as well as mixed media and collages.
Before the grand opening on Saturday, Wyatt and another staff member were seen mounting an extraordinary 40-pound mixed metal piece titled "Vanity," made by assemblage artist James Chase.
The museum collection is also complete with a Picasso lithograph, as well as a photograph of John Lennon, taken in 1974 by the renowned rock n' roll photographer Bob Gruen, which the museum acquired last minute, said Wyatt.
"It's nice to have a photograph idol in our collection," he said.
The Lilac City's Fine Arts Museum is run by a five-member board of directors.
Mandie Haynes, the team's executive assistant, said it's great to have the museum finally open after months of anticipation.
"I love having people be as excited as we are," she said.
Before the official opening of the museum, Haynes said she was anxious about getting enough advertising for people to come to the event, as well as making sure all the artwork was mounted on the walls in time for the opening.
"We are trying to change the perception of Rochester for the better," said Wyatt. "From something not so great to something with a little more color, more culture."
In addition to the permanent collection of art, the museum has a rotating gallery, which will be open on Saturdays from 12 p.m. to 5 p.m. and by appointment.
The Museum of Fine Arts is located at Merchants Plaza, on 1 Old Dover Road.
LIZ MARKHLEVSKAYA lmark@fosters.com
The Picasso Estate Collection Print Show
February 1, 2014 - February 28, 2014
Reception: February 1, 2014 5:00 pm - 8:00 pm
The Rochester Museum of Fine Arts, in association with RoGallery.com Collection – New York, is proud to present selections from the Picasso Estate Collection. In a span of over 75 years, Picasso amazed the world with his versatility and genius. His art captured a unique style that was rich in personal expression and diversity. Picasso bestowed upon…

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Thomas Pitt (1653–1726) was an English merchant.

Thomas Pitt may also refer to:

 Thomas Pitt, 1st Earl of Londonderry (1668–1729), British politician
 Thomas Pitt of Boconnoc (c. 1705–1761)
 Thomas Pitt, 1st Baron Camelford (1737–1793), British politician and connoisseur of art
 Thomas Pitt, 2nd Baron Camelford (1771–1804), British peer, naval officer and wastrel
 Thomas Pitt (cricketer) (1892–1957), English cricketer for Northamptonshire
 Thomas Pitt (fictional character), the protagonist in a series of detective novels by Anne Perry


Start your morning off right with free hot breakfast and enjoy access to the fitness center and indoor pool, as well as free WiFi at Hampton Inn Springfield. Grab tea or coffee at any hour in our complimentary hot beverage area. The property was fully renovated in 2015.


Reports to the Vice President/Branch Sales and Service Managers as assigned.
This position is not responsible for supervision of other employees.
University of Iowa Community Credit Union (UICCU) is a member owned financial cooperative with 15 office locations. Since being organized in 1938, UICCU has grown to be the largest credit union in Iowa.UICCU exists to serve its members. Our "members first" philosophy has led to a national rank by independent research firm Callahan & Associates for Return of Member (ROM). This measures how effectively a financial institution returns its profits back in the form of better rates on deposits and loans. For 19 straight quarters, UICCU's ROM rank was either #1 or #2, up against more than 13,000 banks and credit unions nationwide.UICCU exists to serve the community as well. We volunteer time and donate funds to support the local organizations and charities that help our communities thrive. We provide financial education for area schools and businesses to help residents grow and make smart money decisions. To learn more about how we serve the community and individuals of modest means, click here to download our most recent Statement of Commitment. UICCU has been consistently recognized as a Des Moines Register Top Workplace and Corridor Business Journal Coolest Workplace! We also were awar...ded the Best Internal Career Pathway Award by the Corridor Business Journal in 2016 due to our Leadership Development Program, training opportunities, and high internal promotion rate! UICCU was also recently ranked #3 by the Credit Union Journal as one of the Top 45 Credit Unions in the nation to Work For!


text:
import { IObstructable } from './IObstructable';

export type IQuestGenerator = IObstructable<'Q'>;

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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text:
Мери Хигинс Кларк (), родена Mary Theresa Eleanor Higgins, е американска писателка на бестселъри в жанра трилър.

Биография и творчество
Родена е на 24 декември 1927 г. в Бронкс, Ню Йорк, САЩ. Тя е второто дете в католическото семейство на ирландския емигрант Лука Хигинс и съпругата му Нора Дъркин, която също е от ирландски произход. Има двама братя, по-големия Йосиф и по-малкия Джон. Мери Хигинс се интересува и започва да пише още като дете с малки стихотворения и детски пиески. Семейството ѝ се издържа добре от ирландски пъб, но баща ѝ умира внезапно, когато тя е на 10 години.

След неговата смърт започват финансови трудности, но майка им се стреми да изучи децата си. Мери Хигинс завършва училището "Свети Франциск Ксавиер" и получава стипендия да продължи образованието си в академия "Villa Maria", училище, ръководено от монахините на Конгрегацията де Нотр Дам дьо Монреал. Учителите ѝ я насърчават да развива таланта си да пише и на 16 години тя прави първи, но неуспешен, опит да публикува първото си произведение. За да подпомага семейството работи в хотел "Шелтън". Въпреки усилията семейството губи жилището си и се премества в малък тристаен апартамент. През 1944 г. големият ѝ брат отива в армията, където обаче скоро заболява от гръбначен менингит и умира.

След като завършва гимназия, Мери Хигинс получава частична стипендия и отива в училището за секретарки "Wood", за да може да си намери по-добра работа. През 1946 г. започва работа като секретарка и рекламен асистент в "Remington Rand". Посещава вечерни курсове за реклама и промоциране. Уменията ѝ в писането са оценени от ръководството и са ѝ възлагани все по-отговорни задачи по подготовка на рекламните материали. Работи с бъдещия писател Джоузеф Хелър и неизвестния тогава Грейс Кели.

През 1949 г. минава конкурс и работи една година като стюардеса за "Pan American Airlines" по международните полети, пътуващи през Европа, Африка и Азия.

Преди да започне работа за "Pan Am" прави прощална сбирка на предишната си работа. На нея получава предложение за женитба от съседа си Уорън Кларк. На 26 декември 1949 г. те сключват брак. До смъртта му от инфаркт, едновременно с майка му, през 1964 г., те имат 6 деца – Мерилин, Уорън, Шарън, Дейвид, Карол и Патриша.

След женитбата напуска авиокомпанията през 1950 г. и се отдава на семейството. Междувременно се опитва да допълва доходите на семейството чрез писане на кратки разкази и посещава курсове по творческо писане към Университета на Ню Йорк. Там участва в създаването на Творческо ателие, чиято дейност продължава 40 години. Първият ѝ разказ "Stowaway" (Пътник без билет) е откупен през 1956 г. от списание "Extension" за 100$.

След смъртта на съпруга си ѝ е много трудно да гледа децата си. На първата Коледа без него тя им подарява по едно стихотворение, с което описва какво би искала да им подари. През 1965 г. започва да работи като сценарист и продуцент на радио "Robert G. Дженингс" и пише четириминутни радиосценарии. Нейните агенти я убеждават да започне да пише романи, тъй като публикуването на разкази в списанията вече не се търси. Пише рано сутрин между 5 и 7 часа, преди 5-те ѝ деца да тръгнат на училище. Те също биват обучавани от малки, че трябва да работят и майка им успешно ги включва дори за участие в реклами.

През 1968 г. излиза дебютният ѝ роман "Aspire To The Heavens", измислена история от живота на Джордж Вашингтон, но той не се продава добре, и тя решава да се насочи към съспенс романите. По-късно този роман бива "преоткрит" от член на фамилията Вашингтон и е издаден през 2000 г. със заглавието "Mount Vernon Love Story".

През 1970 г. преминава на работа в "Aerial Communications" Ню Йорк, първоначално като сценарист и продуцент, а по-късно, до 1980 г., става творчески директор, партньор и вицепрезидент. Продължава да пише упорито, а на един писателски семинар намира своя агент Патриша Мирър, с която се сближават и работят съвместно 20 години.

Грижейки се за децата си и давайки им личен пример, Мери Кларк се записва в Университета "Fordham" в Линкълн център, Ню Йорк, през 1971 г., и го завършва с пълно отличие и бакалавърска степен по философия през 1979 г.

Първият трилър на Мери Хигинс Кларк "Къде са децата?" е публикуван през 1975 г. Той се превръща в бестселър и бележи повратна точка в живота и кариерата на писателката. Намерила вярната посока, тя се посвещава постепенно изцяло на писателското си поприще. След като първият ѝ трилър става бестселър, тя става много търсена като писател и вече няма проблеми със семейните финанси.

През 1978 г. се жени за Реймънд Плоец и с него живеят заедно до развода им през 1986 г. През 1980 г., заедно с двама нейни бивши колеги, създават своя собствена компания за радиосценарии "David J. Clark Enterprises", като тя става председател на борда и творчески директор.

За написването на книгите си Мери Кларк пише предварителен сценарий и нещо като биографии на героите си. Пише глава след глава, като постоянно проверява дали те отговарят на първоначалния план. Когато главата е готова, тя я изпраща на редактора си. Така с приключването на последната глава романът вече е проверен, евентуално коригиран и може да бъде издаден най-бързо. Работи от 8 до 14 часа в кабинета си, освен ако не е в края на романа и бърза да го завърши.

С това темпо и установена печеливша формула Мери Кларк създава по един-два романа, годишно. Почти всички книги на Мери Хигинс Кларк са бестселъри в световен мащаб. Само в САЩ нейните романи са продадени в над 80 милиона копия.

Мери Хигинс Кларк е известна като "кралицата на съспенса" и "майстор на конспирациите", като има способността бавно да повищава напрежението, като в същото време внушава на читателя, че всеки е виновен. Героините в нейните романи са силни и независими млади жени, които се намират се намира в средата на тежък проблем, който трябва да решат със собствената си смелост и интелигентност. Героините ѝ са като истински хора, вземащи разумни решения, което прави по-лесно възприемането им от читателите. Историите ѝ в книгите не включват изрично секс или насилие, поради което те са станали популярни и сред възрастните, и сред младите читатели.

През 2000 г. Мери Кларк, заедно с дъщеря си Карол Хигинс Кларк, започват да издават няколко коледни тематични трилъра в серията "Риган Райли". Според критиците тези романи са по-слаби поради по-лекия тон в тях.

Трилърите ѝ са били бестселъри №1 във Франция, за което тя е удостоена с Голямата награда за криминална литература на Франция през 1980 г., също получава литературната награда на филмовия фестивал в Довил през 1999 г., а през 2000 г. е обявена за кавалер на Ордена на изкуствата и литературата на Франция.

През 1997 г. получава наградата "Horatio Alger". Приета е през 2011 г. в Залата на славата на Ню Джърси за своя принос в литературата и благотворителността.

За приноса си към религията и католическата църква е удостоена с папската награда "Дама на Ордена на св. Григорий Велики", "Дама на Малта", и "Дама на Светия гроб в Ерусалим".

Получила е още много награди и отличия. Осемнадесет пъти е удосноена с отличието "доктор хонорис кауза" за своя принос към литературата от различни университети.

Много от нейните книги са филмирани в телевизията и в киното.

Член е на съвета на директорите на Американската асоциация на писателите на трилъри.

На 30 ноември 1996 г. Хигинс Кларк се омъжва за Джон Кониней, пенсионер, председател и главен изпълнителен директор на "Merrill Lynch". Живеят в Садъл Ривър, Ню Джърси, апартамент до "Центръл парк", Манхатън и Спринг Лейк, Ню Джърси. Те имат общо шестнадесет внуци – Мери шест и Джон десет. Тя е миноритарен собственик на "New Jersey Nets". Обича да пътува и да свири на пиано.

Дъщеря ѝ Керъл Хигинс Кларк и доведената и дъщеря Мери Джейн Кларк също са писатели на трилъри. Двамата ѝ синове са съдии, а другата ѝ дъщеря е брокер на стоковата борса в Ню Йорк.

Мери Хигинс Кларк умира на 92 години на 31 януари 2020 г. в Нейпълс, Флорида

Произведения

Романи

Самостоятелни романи
 Aspire To The Heavens, 1968 (Mount Vernon Love Story, 2000)
 Къде са децата?, Where Are The Children?, 1975
 Присъдата, A Stranger is Watching, 1977
 Престъпен експеримент, The Cradle Will Fall, 1980
 Вик в нощта, A Cry in the Night, 1982
 Репортажът, Stilwatch, 1984
 Колекцията, While My Pretty One Sleeps, 1989
 Анастасия синдром, The Anastasia Syndrome and Other Stories, 1989
 Voices in the Coal Bin, 1990 – разказ
 Обява за запознанства, Loves Music, Loves to Dance, 1991
 Деца из града, All Around the Town, 1992
 Другото лице, I'll Be Seeing You, 1993
 Death on the Cape and Other Stories, 1993
 Milk Run and Stowaway, 1993 – две новели
 Къщата на спомените изд.БГ 2008, (Къщата, изд.БГ 1995) Remember Me, 1994
 Играчът на лотария, The Lottery Winner and Other Stories, 1994
 Черни рози, Let Me Call You Sweetheart, 1995
 Тиха нощ, Silent Night, 1995
 Лунната светлина ти отива, Moonlight Becomes You, 1996
 Моето момиче Сънди, My Gal Sunday: Henry and Sunday Stories, 1996
 Бягство, Pretend You Don't See Her, 1997
 Нежни убийства, You Belong to Me, 1998
 През цялата нощ, All Through The Night, 1998
 Пак ще се срещнем, We'll Meet Again, 1999
 Преди да кажа сбогом, Before I Say Good-Bye, 2000
 Дневникът на един убиец, On The Street Where You Live, 2001
 Момиченцето на татко, Daddy's Little Girl, 2002
 Тук и отново, The Second Time Around, 2003
 Нощта на бухала, Nighttime Is My Time, 2004
 Домът на малката Лизи, No Place Like Home, 2005
 Две малки момиченца в синьо, Two Little Girls in Blue, 2006
 Песента от параклиса, I Heard That Song Before, 2007
 Къде си сега?, Where Are You Now?, 2008
 Сърце назаем, Just Take My Heart, 2009
 Сянката на твоята усмивка, The Shadow of Your Smile, 2010
 Сама срещу всички, I'll Walk Alone, 2011
 Изгубените години, The Lost Years, 2012
 Daddy's Gone A Hunting (2013)
 Inherit the Dead (2013) – с Ч. Дж. Бокс, Лий Чайлд, Джон Конъли, Шарлейн Харис, Джонатан Сантлоуфър и Лайза Унгър
 The Melody Lingers on (2015)
 As Time Goes By (2016)

Серия "Риган Райли / Уили и Елвира Мийн" – в съавторство с дъщеря си Керъл Хигинс Кларк
 Отвличане по Коледа, Deck the Halls, 2000
 The Christmas Thief, 2004
 Santa Cruise, 2006
 Dashing Through the Snow, 2008
Романите "Отвличане по Коледа" (Deck the Halls), "The Christmas Thief", "Santa Cruise" и "Dashing Through the Snow" образуват в серията "Риган Райли" на Керъл Хигинс Кларк подсерия "Уили и Елвира Мийн".

Новели
 Грешникът: Мистериозното пътуване на един егоист, He Sees You When You're Sleeping, 2001 – в съавторство с дъщеря си Керъл Хигинс Кларк

Разкази
 Death at the Cape, 1989
 Lucky Day, 1989
 The Lost Angel, 1990
 Terror Stalks the Class Reunion, 1990
 Voices in the Coalbin, 1990
 The Body in the Closet, 1995
 Double Vision, 1998

Детски книги с илюстрации
 Ghost Ship: A Cape Cod Story, 2007
 The Magical Christmas Horse, 2011 – с илюстрации от Уендъл Минор

Документалистика
 Mother Salut, 1993 – в съавторство с Ейми Тан и Мая Анджелоу
 Kitchen Privileges, 2001

Филмови адаптации
 A Stranger Is Watching, 1982
 Where Are The Children?, 1986
 We'll Meet Again, 2002
 Lucky Day, 2002
 All Around The Town, 2002

Телевизионни адаптации
 1983 The Cradle Will Fall
 1987 Stillwatch
 1992 Weep No More, My Lady
 1992 Double Vision
 1992 A Cry in the Night (starring daughter Carol Higgins Clark)
 1992 Terror Stalks the Class Reunion
 1995 Remember Me (Clark appears as the character Mary)
 1997 Let Me Call You Sweetheart
 1997 While My Pretty One Sleeps (Clark appears as the character Mary)
 1998 Moonlight Becomes You
 2001 You Belong to Me
 2001 Loves Music, Loves to Dance
 2002 He Sees You When You're Sleeping (directed by David Winning)
 2002 Pretend You Don't See Her
 2002 Lucky Day
 2002 Haven't We Met Before?
 2002 All Around The Town
 2002 We'll Meet Again
 2003 A Crime of Passion
 2004 I'll Be Seeing You
 2004 Before I Say Good-Bye
 2004 Try to Remember

Източници

 Биография и библиография във "Fantasticfiction"

 Биография и библиография

Външни препратки
 Официален сайт на Мери Хигинс Кларк

Американски писателки
Американски писатели на трилъри
Американски детски писатели
Носители на награда "Едгар"
Носители на Ордена на Свети Григорий Велики
Доктор хонорис кауза
Американци от ирландски произход
Родени в Ню Йорк
Починали във Флорида


Buzzing in every cell, a feeling of moving-without-moving, the familiar creep of nausea. The world flashed with color, and felt far smaller: grass underfoot, a true horizon on all sides. Shrubs, trees, scattered pits of water, a haze around it all. There were people here, and they acknowledged him with the universal nod of "I see you and your eye contact, but am not much interested in talking, please stop looking at me."
Spike felt instinctively for a cigarette, but before his hand met his pocket he remembered he'd chewed it and dropped it back in the white. Times like these are why he'd started.
This wasn't a dream. Things were too detailed, consistent, and real. He was too self-aware. It was too unpleasantly hot. His soul shuddered at the thought: this wasn't a dream. His instincts kicked in and filed it away. It was too complicated a puzzle to solve right now.
This wasn't a dream. This wasn't a theme park for his id and eros. His stomach felt hollow; he was hungry. His palette was dry; he was thirsty. He needed to urinate. The sun was midway between overhead and the horizon, but who knows if that meant it was morning or evening. It could be noon. The ground was mostly sand, held together by water, memories of water, and ambitious roots. His shoes were meant for a dry sidewalk.
This wasn't a dream. Spike felt inside himself and found a warm glow. Omnilium. Rainbow matter that lives in your soul. Magical money? He wandered to one side, off the vague road, and sat in the sand. He felt back to the Omnilium. A curious feeling, a new sensation. He felt a spread of enlightenment: what it was, how to use it. He hadn't bothered much with religion beyond his own body, and he suspected he was being moved by a god. He filed this away too.
He needed boots, a gun, and food. He got to his feet, went back to the road and started following it away from the gate, keeping his footsteps to the peaks pushed up by other people's footfalls. Pointless, as his shoes were already half-full of sand, but he did it anyway.
Buildings rose in the distance, flickering in the haze. An outpost. The closest structures came into view, and a neon sign on one read 'BAR.' Perfect.
Three wooden stairs rose out of the sand onto a landing. If there was a foundation under it all, it was completely obscured. Spike stepped up, sat, and emptied his shoes, making two similarly sized peaks. Someone clambered up past him and opened the doors. Balding, bearded, short but hard. Spike knew this kind of place. A bar for those coming or going. No one would bother him, but the bartender should know quite a bit. If others were brought to this world in the sudden, contextless way that he was, they probably wouldn't think twice about questions that would be otherwise suspicious. He hated not to be armed, but that's how it was.
He slipped his shoes back on, laced them, and opened the doors. Tables to the left, a bar to the right, light barely sufficient to find your footing. He knew exactly this kind of place. He walked the length of the bar, toward a stool on the far end, offering an opportunity to sit with his back to the wall. He felt a couple sets of eyes, but no real venom.
A bartender wandered over, black hair, receding, mustached, tall, drooping eyes.
The bartender looked upset, and Spike realized his mistake.
The bartender nodded, grabbed a glass, and poured out a meager portion from a label-less bottle.
Wherever this was, they didn't know about old fashioned's. But they spoke English and they had whiskey. He could work with that.
No tab. Instinctive knowledge again entered his mind from nowhere: finger. Spike touched the counter, both sure and unsure. Warmth shifted from his core to his tips, and a small rainbow ball appeared. Two units of Omnilium. If the bartender cared that he was a prime, it didn't change the well-masked offense.
"Got a question for you, before you go. Where's a guy find a weapon around here?"
"There's a gun on the sign. You'll find it."
Touchy. But that was all he needed. The beer sat in front of him, an excuse, frothy, warm, clouded. Spike stood, knocked it back, and clanked the glass on the table.
Two Omnilium. Might've been overcharged. Not worth worrying about.
It really was up the road, and it wasn't hard to find. A standalone shack, sturdy against the weather and sand but not much more, with cartons of cartridges visible from the windows below an OPEN sign, a small set of stairs rising out of the sand and an uneven patio of wooden planks wrapping the front and one side, a WELCOME mat rotted to almost nothing. The door open and closed with a satisying, old-timey bell jingle. A fat, humorless gray man sat behind the counter with that unique, easy relaxation of a gun dealer.
"I'm good. In the market for a pistol."
The man nodded and slightly pivoted to his right, Spike's left.
"I've got a variety there, depending on your needs. Revolvers if they're your arm. Semi-autos if you prefer, though those'll cost more. Ammo for everything you see, as you need it."
Four horizontal, wooden platforms held, like plates, one gun apiece. Two revolvers and two semi-autos.
The seller's eyes narrowed. "Yes."
That meant no, but they were illegal, and Spike wasn't known. All of the guns were non-descript and needed a deep cleaning, though they had a superficial shine. Spike suspected their history of ownership included some folks now dead.
The only real choice here was the Colt 1911. A true antique, but the newest of everything here. It'd be too much to hope for a Jericho, but he'd make do.
"How much for the Government?"
Right. Folks pulled from all over. Wherever this guy is from, there probably wasn't an Earth. Not a United States, anyway.
Spike pointed. "This is called a Colt, where I'm from. Government, since it's an army gun. What do you call it?"
"Ah, that explains the engraving. I'd just called it the 1911. It's 300 OM."
"Does it come with any ammo?"
"I can sell that to you cheap."
Spike picked up the gun, popped the magazine and checked the chamber. Clear. Slide was janky but silent. Really just needed cleaning.
"I'll take it, and a box of ammo."
"I'd prefer a bag. Got any of those?"
"'Fraid not. Tanner up the road has a stall. He sells good stuff, if you don't mind leather on your shoulder."
The seller nodded and drew up the receipt. Old-style, big paper, large, cursive writ. A practiced hand. Everything paid for, everything handed off.


Neil reads from a Sun Sentinel article that WINZ switched to "Air America" on Monday. But they are playing some of the shows on tape, including Randi Rhodes. That doesn't make any sense. Except that they are broadcasting Rush live on WIOD, and are afraid of the competition. Some talk of Neil's mom's funeral, a few bedtime stories, and lots of smoke from the fires in west Broward. Two polls, and Neil is taking calls.


In 2013, the sales volume of global electric vehicles reached 228,000 vehicles, including 95,000 PHEVs and 133,000 BEVs. With the further promotion of electric vehicles globally, the sales volume will rise to 700,000 vehicles by 2016.
The global demand for electric vehicle power batteries came to 5,662MWh in 2013; however, following the rising electric vehicle sales and battery capacity per vehicle, the figure is expected to climb to 31,100MWh by 2016.
(1) Manganese-based. This type of batteries uses LMO as cathode materials. Typically, however, after modification treatment, they are mixed with a small amount of NCM or LNO to increase their energy density. This is mainly represented by the foreign companies—including LGC, AESC, and LEJ, as well as the Chinese company CITIC GUOAN MGL. Now, this has become the mainstream technology roadmap in the field of global electric vehicles.
(2) Ternary materials-based. This mainly takes NCA and NCM as cathode materials. NCM-based batteries have high energy density, but with higher costs than that of LMO batteries. The typical companies consist of SDI and SKI from abroad and the Chinese Lishen and Wangxiang Group, etc. NCA adopts 18650-type battery, which is mainly used in Tesla, with the highest energy density for now. But because of poor safety performance, the advanced BMS is needed to monitor the operating condition of the battery. Thus, the battery has not been widely used.
(3) LFP-based. Canada and the United States were the first to develop power battery technology, with main patent owners including the U.S. Valence, A123 and University of Texas, and the Canadian Phostech and Hydro-Quebec. On the other hand, there are numerous power battery companies in China such as BYD and Hefei Guoxuan High-Tech Power Energy Co.,Ltd that adopt the LFP technology, but the LFP battery has many problems and was not made available around the world.
At present, manganese-series power battery consisting of NCM and LMO occupies the mainstream status on a global scale, with the cost of battery pack generally higher than USD600/kWh; the lower-cost NCA 18650 batteries fail to be popular with automakers due to safety issues; the similarly lower-cost LFP batteries, because of the poor comprehensive performance, are only popularized and used in China and the United States, while the U.S. automakers have gradually abandoned LFP batteries and turned on purchasing Mn-series batteries from Japanese and S. Korean companies.
There is no major technological breakthrough yet in power battery. The main driving factors for power battery price collapses are expected to come from the material cost reduction and scale effect, with relatively limited downslide potential.
China's power battery shipments reached 533MWh in 2013, which increased by 61% year on year and accounted for less than 10% of the world's total. At present the main demand comes from electric city bus. As the charging facilities are not perfect in China, the private electric passenger cars are rarely sold.
In terms of power battery companies, BYD and Guoxuan High-Tech have the shipments that have far exceeded those of their rivals. And BYD batteries are mainly used to support its own electric passenger cars and buses while Guoxuan High-Tech supplies batteries to JAC, Ankai Bus and other auto makers.
For power battery companies, winning the support of big carmakers is of the utmost importance from a global perspective. It is projected that electric buses will still be the main driving forces behind the development of China's power battery market for some time to come. How to penetrate the electric bus supply chain seems crucial.
Shipment, market size, price, supply relationship, etc. of global and Chinese Li-ion Power Battery industry.
Operation, technology, development plan, production & marketing of ten lithium battery separator companies in China.


Love the outdoors and like to meet new people? Do you want to want to get fit and do something for a good cause? Why not join the Conservation Volunteers on one of our conservation outings?
Everybody can get involved in doing something for nature. No matter what age you are or skills you have, you can do something practical to protect wildlife in your locality.
Interested in joining us for a day? Just get in contact with the nearest branch and book your place for an outing. Please note that you will have to be 18 years or older to join our conservation days.
Not 18 yet, but want to get involved too? No problem, because our partner organisation OWLS gets the kids (4-15yrs) involved, while ECO-UNESCO caters for the young adults (12-18yrs).
Click here to see the most frequently asked questions and answers about volunteering with us.


i want a janitor sized keyring full of these. i wish they had these when i was still in grade school... would have been way cooler than my big glow in the dark rubber bouncy ball. i buried it in the snow before the school day started, thinking it would be kind of cool to dig it up at recess... but some punk got to it before me. i'm still a bit sad about it. or that one time the teacher confiscated my AMAZING sticker book, and put it in that box under her desk so i could get it back at the end of the day. some stupid kid stole it before i could get it back. now THAT still makes me really sad. it was my favourite thing in the world. i think philip kooey stole it. that kid looked like a stinker. i think maybe it was probably a good thing i didn't have a knife on a keychain. i did enough damage kicking boys in the shins as hard as i could.


Photo courtesy Seeds of Hope: (L to R) Eileen Gomez, Santa, and Gloria Gaona at a previous Seeds of Hope give-a-way event.
The Christmas season will soon be upon us, and Santa is sending out his secret helpers all over the world to make sure there are gifts for all the good little boys and girls. In Colton, Gloria Gaona and her Seeds of Hope ministry have answered his call for the past 8 years by collecting and distributing 400-600 toys to local children each December.
This year, the give-a-way event will be held on Saturday, Dec. 16 at Leno's Rico's Tacos in Colton, as in years past. Parents who have submitted applications for toys report to the designated area where they and their children are sent separate ways. Children head off to games, crafts and a line to meet and talk to Santa, while parents head over to Santa's workshop where they will select toys for their children and wait while Seeds of Hope volunteers wrap each present and prepare stockings for families to take home and tuck under their Christmas trees.
For 2017 this merry group of Santa's helpers is looking for a few good elves to help stock Santa's Workshop shelves for the December 16th give-a-way.
"We would like businesses who are willing to take a donation box into their lobby to collect toys for our drive. We would like to get donations from anyone who would like to give for this event and we appreciate the effort of the community that makes this give-a-way a success every year. We're reaching out to ask for help because we just don't ever want to turn a family away," said Gaona.
You can become an official Santa's Elf by directly contacting her at (909) 856-0741.


Major distributor of best-known brands of pro audio, stage, party lighting, professional DJ gear, headphones and home audio equipment. This company has been serving the market for nearly 20 years and is both well-known and highly trusted by consumers.
Company generates up to 50% of their revenue from Online Sales as well and strong instore sales. The company sells through a diversified set of channels including the company website & Ebay with opportunities to expand.
As one of the real survivors in this niche market, this business has so much potential to grow. If you have an interest in music, sound, lighting or events you will love this business.
For further information about this fantastic business opportunity, please complete the enquiry section on this page for a fast response!


As a result of Momtrepreneur, I've had the opportunity of meeting so many Moms over email and the internet. It's been a wonderful learning experience for me and one of the greatest factors is that I'm able to help, if I can, with any questions I receive from Moms.
One of the most frequently asked questions from Moms is "What can you suggest I do now that I want to get back into earning some money again while the kids are sleeping or at school or I want out of the corporate world and really want to do my own thing, what can I do?".
One of the most important questions I ask the Moms who email me is "WHAT DO YOU ENJOY MOST?" If you are going to run a business, you ideally want to do something you enjoy or are passionate about, so that's your starting point before you do anything. Once you know what you enjoy, you can start deciding in which direction to go.
Become a writer and write your own E-book: There are so many ways of marketing an E-book now-a-days and you are able to keep your costs down as you only need a computer and a document writing programme, such as Microsoft Word, to get going.
Become a copywriter or freelance writer: Be careful with this one and, before you do this, make sure you can actually write. Get others to review your writing. To offer this skill, your grammar and spelling must be tip-top, so consider this one carefully.
Become a dog walker or pet sitter: You won't believe how many people in your area need their dogs walked or looked after. Time is money so you charge accordingly. If you love dogs, why not?
Start an online shop: Email companies whose products you can market online and start selling. There are loads of companies who do this sort of thing, but this does require research and will possibly require a budget to get your brand out there if you want to make mega bucks!
Readymade meal maker: This isn't something everyone can do, but I know quite a few people who are excellent cooks, are passionate about cooking and know how to cook in bulk (I'm definitely NOT one of these people).
Researcher: If you are good at finding information, look into offering research information to companies for a fee.
Get crafty: If you make beautiful goodies, why not get your goodies out there on the internet with websites like Etsy.com for unique goodies.
even weddings excites you, do your homework and get started!
Bookkeeper: If you know how to do accounts, why not offer a part time bookkeeping service for small to medium-sized companies.
Become a gardener: Grow your own vegetables and goodies and sell them to nearby restaurants or at organic markets.
Bake up a storm: Moms that love to bake should get their cooking gloves on and mixing bowls out and get going. Make sure to take some good photos and use Social Media such as Facebook and Twitter to get your name out there.
Seamstress: If you know how to sew or make adjustments to clothing, then this could be the one for you. You will be very surprised at how many people lose weight or need their clothes adjusted for whatever reason and don't know how to use a sewing machine.
Photographer: If you have the knack of capturing beautiful photos, perhaps start a business or start small by doing shoots and selling your photos online on various stock libraries.
Start a kiddies group for crafting / cooking: If you love working with kids and have a crafty ability, why not start classes during the week and share your knowledge with kids and have fun at the same time?
Niche-wear designer: There are various markets that allow you to design clothes that are better than the rest. There's always a need for affordable maternity clothes and, from my experience, NICE breastfeeding outfits in South Africa are pretty hard to come by. Other niche markets could be for physically challenged people, sporting goods – get creative!
Storybook reader: If you enjoy reading books and sharing the experience with others out loud, then why not approach some book stores or malls and offer them the service of being a story teller for kids for a small fee per child?
Private tutor: Moms that excelled at a particular subject in school can assist children that are struggling or need some help, and charge a good hourly rate. Maths is always a popular one!
Start an online community: This often requires a niche market and quite a lot of effort (and sometimes budget), but if that doesn't scare you, consider starting your own market in something you feel there is a demand for. Make sure to do some market research and see what happens. As with blogging, there are quite a few software applications one can get up and running for little to no cost.
Become a Mommy Blogger with benefits: If you are good at writing and think you can get a good following, then become a part of the Mommy Bloggers' community and start up your own blog. Slap in some Google Ads or affiliate ads on your site and start earning a little extra on the side for any ads visitors click on your website. See Mommy Blogging for more information.
Run pamper parties: If you enjoy organising lots of get togethers with friends or for strangers, why not put together a pamper party planning business, which you can run from home? Organise pamper parties for hen nights, kitchen teas, fun nights for the girls, etc… where they can have a little fun at a nice venue for 3 hours or so, and have the option to buy some of your products.
There are loads more that you can come up with – this was just to help you get the ideas flowing. Other things one can think about include designer, consultants in fields you know and understand and can offer advice on, yoga instructor….the list goes on!
Enjoy coming up with some ideas – have fun with it and enjoy the process!


text:
8 LISTS Denver NuggetsLists that rank the team's greatest players and coaches, now and throughout history.
Best Power Forwards Best Small Forwards Best Shooting Guards Best Centers Best Point Guards Best Coaches Best Players Best First-Round Picks
Photo: NBA.com
Basketball The Best Denver Nuggets Power Forwards of All Time
Ranker NBA
Big fan of Denver basketball? Then check out this list of Denver Nuggets power forwards with photos and seasons played with the team. It includes almost every power forward from throughout Denver Nuggets history, including current power forwards and past ones. Featuring some of the greatest NBA power forwards of all time, the best Nuggets PFs include Kiki Vandeweghe, Kenyon Martin, Antonio McDyess, and Dan Issel.
In the 2017-18 NBA season, the current Denver Nuggets starting PFs and backup PFs are Kenneth Faried, Trey Lyles, Darrell Arthur, Tyler Lydon, and Paul Millsap.
Who are the best power forwards in Denver Nuggets history? Here is every player who has ever held the position of Denver Nuggets power forward.
reranker: 1
Dan Issel
Seasons: 1985, 1984, 1983, 1982, 1981, 1980, 1979, 1978, 1977, 1976
Kenyon Martin2011, 2010, 2009, 2008, 2007, 2006, 2005
Nene Hilario
Kiki Vandeweghe
Seasons: 1984, 1983, 1982, 1981
Seasons: 2002, 2001, 2000, 1999, 1997, 1996
LaPhonso Ellis
Seasons: 2018, 2017, 2016, 2015, 2014, 2013, 2012
Paul Millsap
Seasons: 2018
George McGinnis
Seasons: 1980, 1979
Byron Beck
Seasons: 1977, 1976, 1975, 1974, 1973, 1972,1971, 1970, 1969, 1968
Spencer Haywood
Calvin Natt
Seasons: 1989, 1988, 1987, 1986, 1985
Wilson Chandler
Dave Robisch
Seasons: 1984, 1983, 1982, 1981, 1975, 1974, 1973, 1972
Rodney Rogers
Danny Fortson
Chris Gatling
Wayne Hightower
Tom Boswell
Donald Sidle
Willie Long
Jay Vincent
Filed Under: Basketball Players SportsPeople In SportsAthletesDenver NuggetsNBABasketballtop 25
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in Basketball Players:
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L 3 Construction is a full service design/build home improvement contractor located in Cottage Grove, MN, that excels in interior construction, especially with Kitchen and bathroom remodeling. L 3 Construction has been in business since 2010 when it was founded by Chip Evanoff who is a long time resident of the Grove, and has 20+ years experience in construction and cabinetry field. We can make your dreams a reality. A few areas we specialize in: Kitchen Remodeling Bathroom remodeling Basement finishing Full scale remodeling Decks Painting Since it's conception L3 Construction has been known for their amazing attention to detail, carefully designed and thought out spaces, the willingness to go the extra mile to make sure your job turns out amazing, and customer service that stands out from the rest of the crowd. Give us a call today to see how we can help make your project a success!
Refined Homes is an award winning St. Paul based remodeling company serving Minneapolis and Twin Cities suburbs with an expertise in kitchens, bathrooms, upper and lower level build-outs, decks and other large home projects. Our mission is to offer an exemplary customer experience with outstanding results on every project.
We are one of the Twin Cities suburbs' leading remodeling Company specializing solely in interior remodeling. With over 25 years experience in the construction business, you will work directly with the owner of the company from bidding, to daily site inspections, to closing. You will receive personal attention. We provide you with the quality materials and designs that you want. Quality does cost, but it also pays. We will not have the lowest price, but we will deliver a product of the highest standards at a price that is fair. Expect the same quality of work no matter what the project cost. Our subcontractors have been with us for at least 5 years. We are not looking for the lowest bid, but tradesmen who are craftsmen. Loyalty is extremely important.
By taking the time to get to know you and your home, we provide quality up-front planning, design service, and exact pricing. With us working for you, you can sleep in peace. You know EXACTLY what to expect and EXACTLY what it will cost. We will walk you through the entire project prior to starting. You will know what is going to happen and when. We will answer any questions that you may have. If your project requires plans; we will work directly with you to design your projects so you can see your dreams unfold before your eyes. Country Creek utilizes state-of-the-art computer-aided design and will bring a fresh perspective to your ideas. We provide solutions that look great and function with the way you live in your home. You will receive a project timeline; so you will know when things are going to happen. You will sign off on the blueprints – ensuring that Country Creek will build your project to your specifications. Questions, they come at times. We recognize that you can't always communicate during business hours. That is why we ensure that all phone calls and emails are returned promptly! Call us direct anytime between 7am and 9pm, seven days a week. If we don't answer, leave a message and we'll get back to you within two hours….Guaranteed!
Heritage Construction Companies LLC's mission is to protect and serve our clients with unmatched business professionalism and honesty. We strive to create work environments that are based on respect and are rewarding and fun. We will form alliances with our subcontractors and suppliers to enhance job site safety, productivity and cost effectiveness. Most important, we will be honorable. Based in Elk River, Minnesota, Heritage is dedicated to building in all of Minnesota, Western Wisconsin, Northern Iowa and into both North and South Dakota. Heritage Construction began in 2004 when Andy Christensen wanted to start a construction company that fit the needs of area businesses. At Heritage Construction, we are committed to developing and building our clients' buildings with the highest level of integrity and professionalism. We manage each project from start to finish and then beyond, providing superior service and value to our clients.
Zinran Construction Services, Inc. is a full service general contracting firm capable of anything from small projects to full home renovations. We work with you, your home's style, your life style, and your budget to create the best design with superior workmanship to meet your needs and your dreams. Whether your home is traditional or contemporary, we can meet any challenge and transform your space into something that you will love and that will function exactly as you'd like. Grant Parcells, owner of Zinran Construction Services, Inc. has been in the business over 35 years. Browse the photo gallery to see what he has done and dream about what he can do for you. Call or email us to start discussing your project. Completion of your project — small or large — means time to relax and enjoy your new space! Most of our work comes from repeat business and referrals because our long term clients are very happy to recommend our work. We think you'll agree that working with Zinran Construction Services, Inc. means your dreams have come true!
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General, or construction contractors, are often known as project managers. They oversee the entire remodeling or new home construction project and facilitate all day-to-day tasks that move it toward completion. A Woodbury general building contractor will work with your architect to review plan as you build a house and ensure everything is in place before work is started as well as arrange for permits and necessary inspections. While good local home improvement contractors in Woodbury will have the skills to handle certain tasks onsite, such as carpentry, he or she is also responsible for hiring subcontractors for the majority of jobs, such as electrical work, painting or plumbing. In addition, the general contractor should be on-site regularly to inspect the progress and resolve issues. Here are some related professionals and vendors to complement the work of general contractors: Architects & Building Designers, Interior Designers & Decorators, Landscape Architects & Landscape Designers, Kitchen & Bath Designers, Specialty Contractors.
Home remodeling contractors are a must for successful completion of a renovation. Because of this, it's essential that you do your homework before deciding on the right general contractor in Woodbury as you remodel or build a house. Inspect bids carefully. Was it ready when the contractor promised it? Was the bid for building a home unusually high or low? Each of these things can be very telling: A late bid may reflect timing standards, and an off-the-mark bid could be code for a pricey premium or a deliberate underbid to score the remodeling job. You should call references, carefully read reviews and visit completed projects in Woodbury, MN to see if they're what you expect for your job. Once you do secure your local Woodbury contractors, read the contract very carefully to be sure everyone is on the same page.
Find a Woodbury contractor on Houzz. Narrow your search in the Professionals section of the website to Woodbury, MN home contractors. You can also search for photos in Woodbury, MN and contact the Woodbury general contractor who worked on the project.


How fast do you think Clarkson drives on those TG races?
I'm rewatching some Top Gear (Mustang vs public transit) and wonder what the consensus might be. Legally I guess Top Gear can't say how fast he drives but when he's driving the Veyron, for example, there's no way he kept it reasonable.


text:
Judgment Categories Matrimonial Property
1: Bernard & Bernard [2019] FamCA 421 | September 11, 2020
Court or Tribunal: Family Court of Australia
Catchwords: Contributions from Parents, Estate Planning, Family Trust, Family Trust, Inheritance, Inheritance, Matrimonial Property, Proceedings to Alter Property Interests, Property, Property Settlement, Rights of Executors and Administrators, Testamentary trust, Wills, Wills & Probate
Judges: Henderson J
Background: The husband's father died in 2012 and by his will established a testamentary trust for each of the husband and the husband's sister. The husband was the primary beneficiary, and the class of other beneficiaries included his spouse, children, grandchildren and great-grandchildren. Despite being named as the primary beneficiary, the husband's sister was the sole trustee of the trust. The husband was not given a power of trustee appointment and he had no other legal title to the assets of the fund other than being a beneficiary. The sister's trust mirrored that of the husband's in that the husband was the sole trustee of her trust. The two trusts operated a partnership which ran the family business of which the husband was the manager. The trusts also owned a commercial prop
[Legal Issue]In this case the divorcing husband and his sister both had testamentary trusts established under the Will of their father. Both were the trustee of the other's trust. Neither was a beneficiary of the other's testamentary trust. The Court considered whether assets held in the husband's testamentary trust formed part of the matrimonial property pool available for distribution between the husband and the wife after divorce. [Court Orders]The Court rejected the wife's claims and held that whilst the assets of the husband's trust were a financial resource it was not matrimonial property on the basis that: -the husband had no control over his sister as the trustee; -the husband could not direct the assets or income of the trust to any person; -the trustee could apply the income of the trust for the benefit of other beneficiaries of the trust, and not just the husband; -the mere fact that the husband's trust was identica
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World War II - Aviation
Aviation - What If
Buffaloes save Force Z, now what?
Thread starter Admiral Beez
Admiral Beez
1st Lieutenant
Through better coordination/communication between RAF and RN along with the help of the Type 281 radar on HMS Prince of Wales (effective to 20 km), the RAF tears apart the unescorted Nells and Bettys that attacked Force Z on Dec 10th, resulting in no or minor damage of Force Z.
10:00 - 9 x Nell conduct level attack with bombs
11:40 - 17 x Nell torpedo bombers attack
12:20 - 26 x Betty torpedo bombers attack
12:41 - ?? x level bombers attack
You can't stop this attack over three hours with ten Buffaloes. How do we realistically have the RAF save Force Z? Could the Blenheim fighters be useful?
And now what? Phillips' ships are unscathed, but they must now fight on or flee. But to where, Repulse is very short ranged. Back to Singapore for a quick refuel?
Thumpalumpacus
Singapore for refueling and then either Ceylon or Darwin, away from Japanese land-based air until I have secured air superiority.
Thumpalumpacus said:
I wonder if the lack of any success on the part of the IJNAS bombers will give Phillips an underestimation of the risk of air power. He might thus stick around. But yes, I think the Admiralty might order Phillips to do as you suggest and fall back on Ceylon to await HMS Indomitable and further reinforcements. Those left on the ground and in the air in Malaya won't be too pleased with the navy as it sails away.
If Force Z survives further air attacks, it may be years before land based bombers sink a battleship at sea. The only one I can think of is Roma's sinking by Fritz-X armed Dornier Do 217s. The Channel Dash should have presented another. The Nells and Bettys never again had such success, being torn apart by CAPs every time they attempted to attack large allied warships.
Agree: 1
Admiral Beez said:
The sad fact is that both the Brits and the Americans underestimated Japanese aerial capabilities, both land- and carrier based, at that time.
Perhaps Admiralty should have garnered the lessons of Bismarck's sinking (aided and abetted as it was by both recon and TSR aerial assets) and ordered Adm Phillips as you suggest -- before the ill-fated sailing. I don't know much about Darwin's port facilities, but defending the Malay barrier from there seems advisable if the two battlewagons can get sufficient support.
I suppose the desperation of the early war meant that we Allies didn't have the luxury of options, but had Zed survived the attack, I don't doubt the shock of seeing Japanese planes a few hundred miles beyond estimated radius would have forced them to do as I mentioned in my previous post. Luck eventually runs out.
The Nells and Bettys never again had such success, being torn apart by CAPs every time they attempted to attack large allied warships.
The closest the Japanese came was sinking USS Chicago in the Battle of Rennell Island.
Conslaw
Senior Airman
Indianapolis, Indiana USA
In the spirit of "what ifs", I can imagine the 10 Buffalos maybe not shooting down the majority of the attackers but driving them off and rendering their attacks unsuccessful. Covering the invasion convoy was Admiral Ozawa's force of 4 heavy cruisers and 4 destroyers. This force alone would have been sufficient at least to defend the invasion fleet. If not, Admiral Kondo had the battleships KONGO and HARUNA the heavy cruisers ATAGO (flag Vice-Admiral Kondo) and TAKAO and 10 destroyers.
It seems very unlikely that had the Japanese not scored a lucky and skillful air attack on Force Z, then Force Z may have been able to get some licks in, but it likely would have been overwhelmed by superior Japanese air and naval forces overall.
EwenS
Conslaw said:
Except by the time Force Z was intercepted by the Japanese aircraft strike force on 10th Dec, it was on its way back to Singapore.
The Japanese had ordered their empty transports back to Cam Ranh Bay in Southern Indo China the previous afternoon, 9th Dec, on receiving sighting reports on Force Z from I65. Japanese covering forces and Force Z got close to each other during the night of 9/10 without realising it.
Phillips abandoned the operation to intercept the Japanese landing force around 2000 on 9th Dec. One reason being that his destroyers were running short of fuel. During the night he diverted towards Kuantan to investigate a report of a landing which turned out the following morning to be false.
Map of general movements here. The presence of air cover would not have made any difference to Phillips plan of withdrawal to Singapore. It might only have changed his ability to get there.
EwenS said:
The presence of air cover would not have made any difference to Phillips plan of withdrawal to Singapore. It might only have changed his ability to get there.
Phillips and the six ships of Force Z make it intact to join the cruiser HMS Mauritius (then in drydock) and other light craft then at Singapore. Now that the Japanese are landed in Malaya there's no real need for battleships.
My suggestion, the whole fleet sails for Bombay to await the sailing of BM9A, the first reinforcement convoy, but convoy or not, Force Z stays put until HMS Indomitable arrives in January.
buffnut453
Now that the Japanese are landed in Malaya there's no real need for battleships.
They'd provide a pretty impressive naval bombardment capability. Given the paucity of British artillery in the theatre, having PoW and Repulse raining down shells on choke points could seriously hurt the Japanese advance and plug an identified capability gap for the Army in Malaya.
Of course, such an idea would require considerable innovation, both from the RN and GHQ Malaya. It would also require establishment of good ship-to-shore comms. Both these factors militate against the viability.
The other factor is the mindset of Far East Command. Even early in the campaign, they were receiving reports of the IJN setting up a submarine base in Penang. There's no way you're going to park 2 capital ships, with a weak defending screen of destroyers, west of Malaya if you think there's a submarine threat.
All in all, this idea is a non-starter...but we are talking "what if" so I thought it worth mentioning.
Retreating to Ceylon or Bombay retains a fleet-in-being. Putting them alongside the isthmus for shore bombardment only offers them up to further aerial attacks at a point in time when the RAF simply cannot offer air cover.
But the IJNAF didn't have any assets in Malaya. The INAF's forces were all in southern French Indochina (it was IJNAF bombers that attacked Singapore on 8 Dec 1941) and, while they could undoubtedly reach the Malacca Strait, maintaining any kind of search presence there would have been challenging. Also, in December 1941 the RAF and the ML-KNIL could combine to defend the Malacca Straits.
The presence of Force Z would likely have required the IJNAF to move from southern French Indochina to Thailand or northern Malaya. The problem was where to put the aircraft. The IJAAF was already using almost all the available airfields...and we know how well the IJA and IJN got along, so sharing an airfield would be extremely unlikely.
Operating Force Z west of Malaya would be far from perfect but, IMHO, it's not a foregone conclusion that it was impossible. Even a brief sortie to take out bridges along the west coast road and generally disrupt Japanese vehicle movement would have helped.
buffnut453 said:
Don't recall reading about this previously. So how early in the campaign? Historically thoughts of it only started in March / April, IIRC, after the Germans asked for an IO anti-shipping campaign.
But again geography comes into play. With Penang at the top end of Malacca Strait and, in this what if, with the Allies still in command of southern Malaya, Sumatra and Java, just how do you go about setting it up? Moving everything needed across the isthmus? The subs for Operation C sortied, like the carriers, from Staring Bay in Celebes at end of March. Long way round to ship everything and to protect it.
It's not that it's impossible, it's that imo it'd be unwise. While the Japanese would have to move forces to cover the western side -- perhaps -- they were, as you point out, already ranging to Singapore. And that means the docks and repair/upkeep facilities for PoW and Repulse were themselves at risk, even as the ships being closer to shore are themselves easier to target.
So we have ships in range of attack, with questionable fighter cover, and their repair facilities also under threat. And we have yet to mention Japanese surface assets that could take action as well.
As for advance basing, again, in Dec 41 the land-based IJN bombers could hit Singapore from FIC already, and while I haven't run any numbers I'd bet that could cover some of the western side of the peninsula too.
Keeping Force Z around just doesn't seem advisable to me. The risk-gain equation doesn't look good. I'd go with Ceylon or Darwin and build a fleet around them. Two battlewagons would probably make DeRuyter's problems a little easier, or the Japanese problems a little harder? Or maybe knowing Zed is in Colombo or Trincomalee, Op C is reconfigured or put off? Force Z added to Somerville's forces, do the Japanese feel so comfortable stretching their legs?
Agree with all. The air threat to Singapore docks was substantial and, if persisted throughout December, would have undoubtedly made life difficult for Force Z on a number of fronts.
Regarding the IJN surface threat, bear in mind most IJN assets in the region were pretty busy protecting the convoys bringing IJA forces into the east coast of Malaya. Not even the Japanese can be in two places at once.
Yep...I already made this point. However, the IJNAF would have to overfly the Malay peninsular and airfields like Ipoh and Kuala Lumpur afforded opportunities for defending fighters to be closer at hand.
Also bear in mind that Force Z had an air liaison and fighter coordination officer, Sqn Ldr Frank Howell, who went on to command 243 Sqn flying Buffalos from Kallang. He was aboard when Force Z was attacked, but he survived. Force Z had radar and, with Howell providing fighter direction, could have been far better placed to repel any attacks than was the case with the actual sortie that led to the sinking (remember Philips wasn't expecting fighter cover which likely coloured his decision not to call for fighter support once the IJNAF attack developed.
Agree entirely that keeping Force Z around would not be the best idea. The problem is that pulling back Force Z effectively means it has zero impact...achieving the same objective as what happened in reality, leaving the British with no maritime force in the region after 10 Dec 1941. I'm just trying to find SOMETHING useful for Force Z to accomplish that wasn't entirely impossible. Agree my idea would be unwise, though.
Far too risky for vital fast battleships, especially with few escorts and a rapidly declining RAF cover. But you make a good point for NGFS, and it's too bad that HMS Terror was withdrawn from Singapore in Jan. 1940, where the 15" armed monitor had been stationed since 1934.
I expect the loss of HMS Ark Royal in Nov. may make the RN a little reticent to risk HMS Prince of Wales and Repulse. They were supposed to be a backwater deterrence only. So, with that mission now canceled, it's time to leave the area. What about splitting up the force? Send Repulse to the US west coast to have her terribly deficient AA upgraded? With a range of only 6,500 nmi it will be a three part run, Singapore, Darwin, HI to CA or WA. An AA upgrade is desperately needed, as no fast battleship in RN service has worse antiair than Repulse.
Thoughts on loading up the fleeing battleships with noncombatant, nonessential civilians? Not thousands, but take all the Western children, wives, etc?
GrauGeist
Generalfeldmarschall zur Luftschiff Abteilung
Redding, California
www.netallurgy.com
Could some or all of the Dutch East Indies fleet be of help to Force Z?
They had substantial numbers before being crushed at the Battle of Java Sea in '42.
Macandy
Very much so.
The British War Department was sending out such helpful 'intelligence' to the Far East after Pearl Harbor as advising Senior Officers that it was best to fight the Japanese at night and that their pilots were no real threat as they had very poor eyesight due to their rice diet!
No, that is not an urban myth - they really were sending out cables full of that nonsense.
Both sides willfully underestimated and suffered confirmation bias when looking at their opponent. Japan's misreading of the US culture and people is classic, how did they think that destroying the US Pacific Fleet would somehow scare Americans to ask Japan for peace? The utter failure of the Russians on land and sea in 1904-05 did no one any favours in the interwar business of enemy analysis and predictions.
Macandy said:
We're not much better today when we assess the potential combat effectiveness of China, one seemingly beset by poor eyesight and sh#tty kit.
China's air force recruitments hit by poor eyesight of air force pilots, experts warn
A report by Chinese military experts didn't say if the People's Liberation Army air force had a shortage of pilots but indicated it was difficult to select a candidate who could be trained to fly, and could eventually affect national security.
www.hindustantimes.com
China's Military Has a Hidden Weakness
High-tech new weapons are useful, but current military reform shortfalls hinder the PLA's ability to employ such hardware.
Chinese military equipment lack quality, say experts
China is making significant headway in terms of international arms sales, with the country having surged into fifth place globally and now trailing only the USA, Russia, France and Germany respectively. However, there are numerous signs that the
www.business-standard.com
Why China Cannot Challenge the US Military Primacy
In a full-scale war, China would be decimated by the nuclear and conventionally superior US military. China has not dealt with any external crisis, nor has fought full-scale wars in modern history. A
www.airuniversity.af.edu
don4331
Airman 1st Class
PoW and Repulse ammunition load out is 100% AP for main weapons (Same as the coastal defense guns in Singapore). There's very little solid enough to trigger the fuse, And even when it's triggered, when its 40'+ under surface, its not very effective (issue coastal defense guns had).
And remember Japanese have 2 BBs, 5+ CAs, CL, numerous DDs, and couple SS in theatre. There is also CVL, just across South China Sea - operating off Philippines.
INAF have to stay in French Indochina - its a logistics thing.
There is no way to transport (rail and/or ship) the required beans/bombs & band-aids to Thailand/northern Malaya without impacting army's ability to strike south.
IMHO: If you want Singapore to last longer:
a. set up/increase water de-salination plant on the island.
b. get 1/2, the troops out of theater: We can't feed them, we can't provide them with munitions and we can't patch them up - the port facilities don't have the capacity.
i. Send Australian troops back home - they will be better used against New Guinea in June '42 and later when we have logistics to support them.
ii. Send 1/2 Indian troops to Burma where they can be supported/kept fighting for Allies. (3/4 of the Indian troops join the pro-Independence INA; ~20% later fight against Commonwealth troops - not exactly the guys you want watching your back).
iii. Send at least 1/2 of the administrative staff to Perth.
Now, Percival has a force that can be supported, and can be enthused to provide a spirited defense.
So… Force Z survives.
Nagumo sails south with some carriers and sinks it.
And when Nagumo rocks up, there is no reason to assume the British would have not made exactly the same mistake they did in March 1942 off Ceylon, acted with excessive over confidence against the IJN on the basis of faulty intelligence, and dramatically and catastrophically underestimate the striking power of the IJN carriers.
don4331 said:
Re the Singapore 15" guns, not quite true. Useless fact time. An official report stated there was a single (1) HE shell found in the magazines before the Japanese invaded!
On a more serious note, on 28th Jan 1942 additional HE shells had been requested. The War Office authorised the dispatch of 100 HE shells from Ceylon for the 9.2" guns (which only had 25-30 for each of the 6 guns on the island) while the Admiralty was to send 250 HE shells from the Med (probably Egypt from Med Fleet stocks) for the 15" guns. None arrived before the island fell to the Japanese.
A more interesting question relates to replacement ammunition for PoW. Until 20 Oct 1941 when the decision was taken to deploy PoW to the IO area, there had been no plan to base any KGV east of Gibraltar. Admiralty plans revolved around Repulse, the R class and the Nelrods until then. Not needed if deterrence is the plan, but when war breaks out everything changes. So the logistics chain to supply PoW with 14" shells would have needed to catch up. So it's unlikely any spare ammunition existed in the IO area for her in Dec at the time of her loss. How long to haul that from Britain?
Given the number of Dido class cruisers operating in the eastern Med, getting hold of 5.25" ammo would have been much less of a problem.
It was probably 1943 before HE became a standard part of the KGV outfit. And then only 5rpg unless shore bombardments were being planned when more would be loaded (so late 1944 onwards perhaps).
Dec 7, 1941. The USN is at sea. What does IJN do now?
SaparotRob
Force Z with HMS Ark Royal waits for HMS Indomitable
southjn1982
Buffaloes for Hermes
What if the Bf110 only have one pilot?
Sevvy
Streamlining the German air force ?
VA5124
Just Schmidt


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The exterior of the building has a definite factory-like air and our Airbnb host explained it was once used to dry tulip bulbs before it was transformed into a gorgeous apartment complex.
A row of newer semi and detached homes are located next door.
The glass ceiling offers lots of natural light on this three-storey building.
The town of Lisse dates back more than ten centuries and today is a quaint community of immaculate homes and impressive gardens.
These trees encouraged to grow like fence rails were everywhere in Lisse and show the skill of gardeners far beyond my black thumb ways!
We would have loved to see these trees with leaves rather than just buds.
Some residents put as much emphasis on the items displayed outside their home as the gardens. Did you spot the wooden shoe?
Low maintenance yet formal elegance.
A bicycle for every member of the family.
Speaking of bicycles, they are as abundant as cars in the Netherlands and this next photo illustrates how pedestrians, cyclists and drivers share the road. The sidewalk is closest to the houses. Next, the red brick lane, is for bicycles and separated from the asphalt roadway by a median. It took me awhile to remember to be on the lookout for bicycles when crossing the street and on more than one occasion I narrowly avoided a mishap.
It wasn't only the tulips that were in bloom during our stay in Lisse.
We were in the Netherlands on Kings Day. This national holiday we were told translates into wearing orange and drinking beer! Flags were flying everywhere in celebration.
We walked into the downtown part of Lisse before noon which explains why neither the restaurant below nor the streets were busy.
But we did spot a few people wearing orange.
Another highlight of Kings Day is the gigantic yard sale that stretches an entire block.
Not far from the main square we spotted this church and to our surprise it was open.
On our final full day in the Netherlands we travelled into Amsterdam. Getting there via public transportation is quite easy. First a bus to Schipol Airport, then the train into the hub of things.
Because our time was limited we opted to do the Hop on Hop off Canal Cruise.
The cruise offered us a good insight into the city as well as a convenient stop near the Rijksmuseum.
We debated whether or not we should venture inside because we knew the 90-minutes we'd allotted to view the museum proper would zip by in a blink of an eye. Still, we decided to give it a go, but only after we fortified ourselves with a delicious lunch at the cafe that is directly above the gift shop.
...and Van Gogh's self portrait a mere 42 cm X 34 cm (16.5 inches X 13 inches).
But the overall winners who impressed us the most in Amsterdam were these street musicians playing just outside the Rijksmuseum entrance.