Size :10.25"H x 8.50"W x 3.75"
This gorgeous Goddess White Tara - Collectible Figurine Statue Sculpture Figure Buddha has the finest details and highest quality you will find anywhere. The Goddess White Tara - Collectible Figurine Statue Sculpture Figure Buddha is truly remarkable. Product is crafted with: Resin.
This gorgeous Green Tara - Collectible Figurine Statue Sculpture Figure Buddha has the finest details and highest quality you will find anywhere. The Green Tara - Collectible Figurine Statue Sculpture Figure Buddha is truly remarkable. Product is crafted with: Resin.
Green Tara-Lost Wax Scuplture 6"
The beautiful figure of the goddess Tara is being given a refine and detail treatment. A Tantric figure, she is worshipped both by the Hindus and the Buddhsits in India and Tibet. Tara is quite well known to the West through Her Tibetan manifestations. She occupies in the Hindu tantrik pantheon. She is the second of the ten Mahavidyas. The figure is shown in a seated posture. She has an important role in Tantrik cosmology because mantra, words, music are considered to be the very source of the cosmos. As Matrika Shakti She deludes the entire human race with Her Maya of letters, and words. This has been expressed in a Tantrik form, but, practically speaking, it is sufficient to say that much hypnosis (Maya) comes about via the medium of words. Millions of people have lost their lives through this power. Thus Her power and place in the Tantrik pantheon is quite justified, and Her mantra is described as a Siddha-Vidya, the cause of Maya and Englamouring. The background GIF here is the bija mantra of Sarasvati, Aim.
Vajradhara - Buddhist Art Statue 13"
The beautiful image of Vajradhara is being carved in Tibetan style of Buddhist statues. Such statues are made in Nepal and are available in three different attitudes. Each posture has a different meaning. The face of the figure is smooth with gold paint giving it a unique, matte appearance, and allowing for extra detail. The beautiful image of Lord Gautam Buddha is being nicely carved out with some spectacular carvings on it. The figure reveals greater sense of gracefulness.
Vajradhara is the primordial Buddha, (the dharmakaya Buddha). Vajradhara expresses the quintessence of Buddhahood itself. It represents the essence of the historical Buddha's realization of enlightenment.
The Vajradhara Buddha is the source of all the manifestations of enlightenment. Vajradhara is central to the Kagyu lineage because Tilopa received the vajrayana teachings directly from vajradhara, the dharmakaya buddha. Thus, the Kagyu lineage originated from the very nature of Buddhahood. The beautiful figure is shown in meditative posture on a lotus.
Thousand Armed Lord Avalokiteshvara 14"
The Savior Goddess Green Tara Brass Sculpture 10"
The beautiful brass figure of the Green Tara is nicely carved out with some exquisite and splendid carvings on it. This Buddhist saviour-goddess has numerous manifestations and is widely popular in Nepal, Tibet, and Mongolia. Tara is the feminine counterpart of the Bodhisattva (or the futue Buddha) Avalokitesvara. According to popular belief, Tara came into existence from a tear of Avalokitesvara, which fell to the ground and formed a lake. Out of its waters rose up a lotus, which, on opening, revealed the goddess. Like Avalokitesvara, she is a compassionate, succoring deity who helps men "cross to the other shore." She is the protectress of navigation and earthly travel, as well as of spiritual travel along the path to Enlightenment. The Green Tara (Sanskrit: Syamatara) was believed to be incarnated as the Nepali princess. She is considered by some to be the original Tara and is the female consort or partner of Avalokitesvara. In this beautiful brass figure, she is shown seated on a lotus throne with right leg hanging down, wearing the ornaments of a bodhisattva.
Seated Goddess Tara in Golden Brown Finish 12"
Seated Lord Kuber Antiquated Brass Statue 10"
Seated Lord Kuber Brass Idol 10"
Seated Devi Tara Antiquated Brass Statue 8"
Size :4.25"H x 3.25" x 1.75"
Savior Goddess Tara - Fine Brass Scupture 9"
Savioress Goddess Tara - Antiquated Brass Statue 12"
Saviour Goddess Tara Brass Statue 10"
Saviour Goddess Green Tara 12.50"
Naga Kannya - Brass Statue 13"
Lord Kuber Small Statue in Brass 3.50"
Lord of Treasures 'Lord Kuber' 10.50"
The beautiful brass of the Buddhist god of divine wisdom has been nicely carved out revealing perfection of sculptural wisdom. He carries a sword of wisdom and light in his right hand and it is believed that worshiping Manjushree increases people's likelihood of developing wisdom, better memories and improved intelligence.
According to legends, Manjushree is the founder of Nepalese civilisation. The fiure bears some beautiful ornaments and it is beingnicely carved out.
Buddhist god of divine wisdom has been nicely carved out revealing perfection of sculptural wisdom. He carries a sword of wisdom and light in his right hand and it is believed that worshiping Manjushree increases people's likelihood of developing wisdom, better memories and improved intelligence.
According to legends, Manjushree is the founder of Nepalese civilisation. The fiure bears some beautifulornaments and it is beingnicely carved out.
Lord Avalokiteshwara - Antiquated Brass Statue 14"


I' m agog because I actually found people who like me love reading. Hello Philippines!
Hi amidemanila!!! Yes you've just found a whole bunch of us here!!! So happy to see our forum growing!!! Spread the love for books, spread the word!!!


text:
Le barrage de Oued Djemâa ou barrage d'Isser est une retenue d'eau de la Basse Kabylie de Djurdjura (ou l'actuelle wilaya de Boumerdès en Kabylie, Algérie), qui se situe au sud-est de la ville d'Isser, ville nodale de Kabylie, rattachée à la wilaya de Boumerdès.

Le barrage de Oued Djemâa est l'un des 65 barrages opérationnels en Algérie alors que 30 autres sont en cours de réalisation en 2015.

Géographie

Localisation
Le barrage de Oued Djemâa est situé au centre de plusieurs villages au sud-est de la ville d'Isser.

Voir aussi
 Liste des barrages en Algérie
 Liste des oueds en Algérie

Notes et références

Oued Djemâa
Oued Djemâa
Oued Djemâa
Géographie de la Kabylie
Wilaya de Boumerdès

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


These terms and conditions of sale ("Terms of Sale") regulate your purchase of the products we promote and sell on this Site ("Products") and the shipping of such Products in the countries we deliver in. "Site" means the website located at http://www.timberland.se. When you make a purchase on this Site, we ask you to confirm your acceptance of these Terms of Sale and, if you do, a contract is formed between you and us, subject to these Terms of Sale. So it is important that you read these Terms of Sale carefully before placing an order for Products on this Site ("Order").
In these Terms of Sale "VF", "we", "TIMBERLAND" and "us" means the trader of the Products, that is the company VF Sweden AB - TIMBERLAND division, whose registered office is at Marie Hellsvegen 37a-SE-16865 Bromma Sweden, Company Registration number SE 556428782801. We can be contacted as indicated in our Contact Us page, managed by our Customer Service. Our Customer Service is operated by our affiliate company VF NORTHERN EUROPE LTD whose registered office is at 15, Atholl Crescent, Edinburgh, EH3 8HA, United Kingdom. "You" means you the customer.


Designed to take inshore/offshore fishing capabilities to another level, the 246's hull design can easily navigate both shallow water fishing holes and big water destinations. Simply stated, wherever the fish are biting, the 246 can speed you there. This boat has it all, equipped with a 10' power pole, Minn Kota trolling motor, Garmin GPS/Sonar, and a 300 HP Yamaha. The fish don't stand a chance!


Saturday, May 18, 2019, 10 a.m. - 2 p.m.
With Anne-Marie Russell, Ph.D., MSc.N., Daniel Croft, M.D., M.P.H., Narelle Cox, Ph.D., Kathleen Lindell, Ph.D., and Kelly Chin, M.D.
Welcome message delivered by Kerri Connolly, Chair of the ATS PAR and Scleroderma Foundation Director of Programs & Services.
Please RSVP by email to cwhite@thoracic.org no later than Wednesday, May 8, 2019. For more information, please contact Mr. Courtney L. White, (212) 315-8640.
Beat the March 20 Deadline to Apply for a Conference Scholarship!
Scholarships are for first-time attendees who have scleroderma, including adults and children, or a parent/caregiver of a minor child who has scleroderma.
Stepping Out to Cure Scleroderma is a fundraising event that brings together family and friends of those who have scleroderma. The monies raised by individuals and teams are used to fulfill the Scleroderma Foundation's three-fold mission of support, education, and research.
Webinar: Wednesday, March 27, 3 - 4:30 p.m. E.T.
Sign up for conference e-Alerts.
When a person faces a potentially debilitating chronic disease, such as scleroderma, in which fatigue, digestive difficulties, and nutrient deficiences are common, a high quality, nutritious diet must take center stage to enhance quality of life and successful management of symptoms.
The Scleroderma Foundation thanks Linda Kaminski, M.SN., R.D., C.D.E., nutrition and lifestyle consultant, and Dinesh Khanna, M.D., M.S., associate professor of medicine, director, University of Michigan Scleroderma Program, for their assistance in preparation of this brochure.
End-of-life care describes support and medical care given during the time surrounding death. Read the articles published online by the National Institute on Aging to learn what happens before, during, and after dyring.
Scleroderma is a health disparity in African Americans who have a higher prevalence of scleroderma than European Americans. African Americans with scleroderma have an earlier age of onset and are more likely to manifest diffuse skin involvement, interstitial lung disease (ILD), and pulmonary arterial hypertension.
The Scleroderma Genomics and Health Disparities Unit of the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS) is focused on enhancing our understanding of the genetic risk factors involved in scleroderma pathogenesis.
"I just want my mom back," Jake Burlile, age 11.
Seven years ago, Dee Burlile's three kids found her collapsed on the floor, which led to her diagnosis of systemic sclerosis in 2016. Jake and his sister (13) and brother (15) have become caregivers to their mother.
"That my children could live the rest of their lives without worrying and taking care of their mother."
That's the future Dee envisions when asked "What is the promise of scleroderma research?"
The Scleroderma Foundation seeks to expand its National Board membership among those who are actively involved at the chapter level and have expertise in: fundraising/development, social media/technology, accounting/finance, human resources, nonprofit boards, and general business. Retired and non-practicing health care professionals will also be considered. The deadline is March 22, 2019.
The Scleroderma Foundation is working with a US-based pharmaceutical company on an initiative to identify patients with scleroderma who are willing to share their stories as part of an educational program for the scleroderma community.
If you or someone you know might be interested in learning more about this program, please reach out to: elizabeth@mypatientstory.com. Please respond by the deadline of Friday, March 22.
Please note that your response will be directed to a representative of the pharmaceutical company, not to a Scleroderma Foundation representative.
If you or someone you know have been clinically diagnosed with localized scleroderma or morphea that is difficult to control/resistant to treatment, you may be interested in participating in a Phase 1 clinical research trial for an experimental gene therapy.
To learn more, call contact Paddington Testing Company, Inc. at 215-563-7330.
More information is available at https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03740724.


As the new year approaches, the Office of the Ontario Ombudsman is set to mark one year of oversight of municipalities and universities. Since the historic new jurisdiction took effect Jan. 1, the office has received some 3,176 public complaints and inquiries about municipalities, and 232 about universities.
(TORONTO – December 29, 2016) - As the new year approaches, the Office of the Ontario Ombudsman is set to mark one year of oversight of municipalities and universities. Since the historic new jurisdiction took effect Jan. 1, the office has received some 3,191 public complaints and inquiries about municipalities, and 232 about universities.
The Ombudsman's jurisdiction over Ontario's 444 municipalities and 21 publicly funded universities came into effect January 1, 2016, thanks to Bill 8, the Public Sector and MPP Accountability and Transparency Act (which also extended the Ombudsman's mandate to school boards as of September 1, 2015). Almost all municipal and university cases received to date – close to 90% – have been resolved and closed. The Ombudsman has only launched one systemic investigation in this area, related to procurement practices at the City of Brampton (the investigation is in the final stages).
More than one-third of cases were resolved by Ombudsman staff providing referrals to the appropriate officials. The Ombudsman is an office of last resort that seeks to resolve issues at the local level wherever possible, and recommends all municipalities and universities have clear internal complaint procedures.
Councils and committees were by far the most common topic of municipal complaints, representing approximately 22% of cases. In several cases, municipal officials improved their practices when alerted to issues by Ombudsman staff – for example, considering adopting a code of conduct or publicly clarifying complaint procedures. Other common complaint topics were bylaw enforcement, hydro and electricity, Ontario Works, and housing.
The most common university complaint topics were academic appeals, fees, conduct, and employee issues. These complaint themes are similar to those the Ombudsman routinely hears about colleges, which have always been within the office's jurisdiction. Cases are referred to the university's own ombudsmen, where they exist, or to internal appeal mechanisms wherever possible.
To explain the Ombudsman's new mandate and build positive working relationships with municipal and university stakeholders, Mr. Dubé and other senior staff have conducted extensive outreach in the past year, including meeting with university ombudsmen, registrars, and student associations, attending numerous municipal conferences and meeting with representatives from individual municipalities and universities.
More information about municipal and university cases to date, including a breakdown by organization, can be found in the Ombudsman's latest Annual Report, released last month; the 2016-2017 report will be released in June 2017.
Complaints to the Ombudsman about municipalities or universities can be filed online at www.ombudsman.on.ca, by phone (1-800-263-1830) or by email (info@ombudsman.on.ca).
An independent office of the Ontario legislature, the Ombudsman receives more than 20,000 public complaints per year, and resolves and investigates individual and systemic issues relating to more than 1,000 public sector entities, including provincial government bodies, municipalities, universities and school boards. Although the Ombudsman's recommendations are not binding, almost all have been accepted by government over the past decade, resulting in major systemic reforms.


Student Fusion trips to South Africa are highlights every time we go! Come be a part of ministry to hundreds of children through Bible Clubs ministry, VBS style games and activities and so much more. Stay on the camp property where Word of Life ministers to a couple dozen students through our Discipleship Training Center and partner with them as we strive to reach South Africans with the Gospel of Jesus Christ!


text:
Augmented Reality Indoor Navigation Based on Wi-Fi Trilateration
DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.17577/IJERTV7IS070059
Milad Ghantous , Houssam Shami , Rana Taha, 0, Augmented Reality Indoor Navigation Based on Wi-Fi Trilateration, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY (IJERT) Volume 07, Issue 07 (July 2018),
Authors : Milad Ghantous , Houssam Shami , Rana Taha
Milad Ghantous, Houssam Shami and Rana Taha
Lebanese International University Beirut, Lebanon
Abstract Location based systems have become a vital part of our daily life. While outdoor localization has been around for years, indoor localization is still under heavy research due to the limitations of GPS satellite. In this paper, we present an indoor localization method based on existing Wi-Fi access points and the trilateration approach. In addition, we present an augmented reality navigation solution that enables the users to augment their real word with virtual characters to guide them to the desired destinations instead of traditional routes and arrows. The system has been implemented and tested and showed promising results.
Keywords Indoor Localization, Wifi Trilateration, Fingerprinting, Augmented Reality
Throughout life, men have been in continuous need of localization for many daily aspects. Localization in its basic approach was used even without exceptional instrumentations in order to recognize some location in space. Sailors, for example, had means for sea locations thousands of years before, besides other tools like the chronometer, astrolabe, compass, detailed maritime charts and maps, etc. that were primitives in the localization field. The 1920s witnessed the beginning of the first radio signal localization where it was applied for sea-based navigation, then in 1960s, the military applications raised by the U.S. Department of Defense which lead them to develop a satellite-based localization system known as Global Positioning System (GPS). Since then and starting 1983, GPS has moved to be more publicly used serving an accuracy of 100 meters in the 1990s. In 2000, GPS started to be of 10-meter precision after the deactivation of the so-called selective availability (SA) noticing its useful commercial and civil applications. Outdoor localization using GPS is typically feasible, however indoor cannot be achieved due to the difficulty of satellite signal to go through buildings and ceilings. Other methods are used to solve this, such as indoor Wi-Fi signals for positioning. Holding the fact that Wi- Fi works anywhere an access point is available, many applications depend on it in localization like mobile robotics that assign its own location in an indoor environment, using no extra hardware. Also, a persons location indoors can be found using a device connected to Wi-Fi access point which furthermore can be used in various applications for touristic aims such as museums, university campuses, restaurants, malls, shops, transportations, and nonetheless tracking malicious users of some Wi-Fi network [1]
With the growth of location services, indoor positioning systems is in increased global evolution where companies and organizations are going toward developing new user experiences, profits, and advantageous brands of mobile
applications applying location-based services, and those who havent yet improved these services are on their way to in the coming two years in purpose of attracting more customers by enhancing their experience and utility of their services beside compensating sales via proximity marketing, making use of locations, and taking much care of their brands served to users. Nowadays 38% of organizations and companies surveyed have already applied indoor positioning systems with the lead for US with 43%, UK (33%), and Asia (33%). With the evolution of mobiles as a necessity in everyones life, and the truth that most of the peoples time is spent indoors, internal localization becomes more dependent on the use of smartphones to engage clients indoors and is branched into many types: Wi-Fi, Bluetooth Low Energy beacons(BLE), and geomagnetic indoor positioning systems [2].
AR (Augmented Reality) is the addition of computer- generated objects to the realistic world that the user is visualizing in real time and in an interactive manner [3]. Nearly in 2005, AR was the predicted technology to arise significantly in the future of four to five years [4]. According to a review research done in the conference of AR in 2008, this technology was expected to be trending in the period of 2008 to 2012, also a report of 2011 mentioned that apps implementing AR will show a 1.4 billion downloads all over the world near 2015. Additionally, AR is growing more specifically in marketing and entertainment, more beyond location-based apps into games, education, every days life, and medication [5].
As mentioned before, GPS is weak for indoor positioning, it is inapplicable in the domain of indoor navigation that needs penetration of signals inside buildings, so many problems can be recorded that will lead to adoption of new method for indoor localization:
Need of high accuracy and scalability of positioning indoor which is hard to be applied using the available apps of outdoor positioning or methods of indoor that depend on Bluetooth beacons where developers have concerns in implementing it concerning scalability and expense, as well as the geomagnetic that is still not well known technology and cant be risked to be used in applications that need high precision.
Holding the truth that technologies other than Wi-Fi used in indoor positioning are of expensive and more complicated manners like the ultrasound or Laser, and need extra hardware to be tested and implemented [6]
Obstructed human experience while being inside touristic places, where localization and navigation has turned into a necessity compelled by the penetration of smartphones in our life as obligation in order to ease his discovery of nearby
places as shops or transportation stations faster and more feasibly.
Indoor positioning systems are still in relative infancy, however our research of this domain has revealed a huge demand, utilization, and growth of indoor positioning system services [1].
Significant demand of Wi-Fi localization in many fields of healthcare, proximity marketing, retail, travel and big estate offices that are difficult to navigate where people get lost when heading to a meeting which spends a lot of their work time, so deployments of indoor positioning services is increasing accordingly in the coming few years.
Human senses dont have the ability to visualize information directly in most of life applications like medical visualization aid for surgeries, manufacturing and repair, annotation and visualization; consequently performing real-world tasks holds some complexity. Augmented reality view in applications enhances this ability of visualizations for users [5].
Deaf and blind users are in need for visual and audio services that aid them in their daily life; augmented reality features sensory cues that substitute their weak senses [6].
Applications of tracking and localization combined with techniques like augmented reality give the user advantageous performance that provide simpler visual navigation especially in indoors where the effects of outside nature as lightning are absent [4].
In this work, we intend to develop a real-time Android based mobile application for indoor navigation using Wi-Fi trilateration as an adopted tool for localization where it is more dominant in most buildings and removes the requirement for additional infrastructure. Wi-Fi localization involves many methods that depend on
wireless access points to locate signals from a device like smartphone using he strength of the signals received. One of these methods is Wi-Fi trilateration which is as the name mentions a tri based technique that uses three access points to locate, it estimates the distance between the receiver and three transmitters by generating circles of radius around each access point as the distance from it, and their intersection points will define the area where the receiver is [7]. Another method for localization is fingerprinting, in this technique there is matching between previously calculated RSSI values with the real-time measured data [8]. Added to this, the augmented reality feature that enhances the users insight and interaction with the real world, when AR was used in approximate of six domains like medical, maintenance and repair, annotation, robot path planning, and surely entertainment, it was highly recommended to be a part of this location based navigation service [9]. The mobile application that the user downloads will be able to spot his location in some building, use it to accurately guide him in locations found inside buildings by projecting a virtual character on top of the camera such that the user can visualize both the real word and the character guiding him/her to the desired location. As a result, the problem of indoor penetration of satellite signals is answered and the complication in using available tools and applications to compensate humans need in various daily life aspects for localization is satisfied.
The rest of the paper is organized as follows: section 2 discusses the related work and the background of this project, while section 3 presents the system design and requirements. In section 4, the implementation details of this work are revealed and in section 5, the simulation environment and testing results are presented. Section 6 concludes the paper.
As mentioned before, the creation of systems and solution for indoor positioning and navigation topic has been widely studied lately due to its significance in future industry among various aspects. During the research of this high momentous topic, it was found that large companies are employing systems of indoor localization in most of its planned technologies, architectural designs, and trends, beside those that have already updated their platforms, mobile applications and APIs to engage this approach as part of their services. These companies include also large and important ones such as Apple, Google, Cisco, and Alibaba. Wi-Fi triangulation is the most popular method used among most of the systems of indoor positioning due to its high accuracy compared with other techniques, this precision reached as a maximum of 1 meter. This section introduces some of the most popular applications of indoor navigation.
Apples project cost 20$ million to be done and used Wi-Fi and sensors as micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) for indoor localization [10]. The system uses Wi-Fi signals, GPS, cell tower trilateration, and fingerprinting to track accurately positions mainly when applied indoors. Besides, the sensors were used to acquire locations and data without the need to save them as old methods used to do.
WIFISLAM [11] makes use of pattern recognition and machine learning and correlate them with the sensors gathered information with the intervention of trilateration at the end to create an adequate location. Its main aim was to provide indoor positioning to everyone that is in need to it.
Google Maps address outdoor and indoor positioning too. For open areas GPS and cellular networks is used as the tool for localization and navigation, but concerning indoor locations, google is only available at select locations providing the user with the indoor map without any navigation or indoor positioning information.
In 2015, Eddystone beacons were released by Google as a private beacon standard that will provide high accuracy, usability and scalability for indoor maps in the coming future [12]. Also, Google developed a new project Project Tango that should be a capable tool of evaluating distances without the need of GPS for indoor navigation [13].
IndoorAtlas is an SDK for iOS and android that makes use of magnetometer sensors found in the phones and mapping that is cloud-based in order to locate indoors within 2 meters of accuracy. It depends on magnetic fields emitted by movements of bodies which allow locating them within an environment; it also uses Wi-Fi and Bluetooth to enhance accuracy [14].
QPS is a platform created by Qubulus. It depends on fingerprinting algorithm for indoor and outdoor positioning. QPS is considered as a recording tool for data of WiFi, 3G, 2G of a users location and saves it as compressed version in FPD file for later use as Geo-coordinates displayed on Google Maps or Bing Maps. This company provides customers with APIs that they can as developers use in terms of indoor positioning features in their applications with shelf level of precision of 3 and 5 meters.
Nokia has developed an indoor navigator that precisely localizes users with no need of GPS and with a high accuracy indoor positioning (HAIP). This method uses Bluetooth 4.0 and Wi-Fi trilateration for localization and recommends strengthening of Bluetooth beacons in each location, since its architecture includes positioning server in the top, then beacons in numerous locations, and the global positioning database. Knowing that there is 0.3 meters of accuracy in this system but it is still not released yet and has no newly published reports about it [15].
Place Lab uses radio beacons which physically send radio signals in a periodic manner by wireless LAN access points, Bluetooth beacons, and GSM towers. It reaches an accuracy of 10-13 meters [16].
The work in [17] is a prototype of tracking a physical direction and location. It is a projection of virtual world from a projector to an indoor real environment, and it allows reaction with an augmented reality added to real world. It uses Raspberry Pi computer, and Pico handheld battery powered projector beside a smartphone, they all should be handheld simply by the users. It was an attempt to develop the technology that can be used in AR applications later and to test the efficiency and usability as well as functionality of such technology.
Several systems have been implemented in the field of indoor navigation, some of them provide APIs for developers in this domain, and others are by themselves applications for indoor positioning where they may include navigation features or only providing on map locations, they could provide information of places and statistical properties of studied areas, and some are still in the infancy stage to be applied in the near future. Most of the surveyed applications are considering Wi-Fi trilateration as their main method to achieve indoor positioning and navigation consequently, but they were always lacking some feature in solving this significant problem of localization inside which lead them to be of low efficiency and made this field still in the stage of experimentations. Appending indoor localization real environment with virtual objects gives users an opportunity to experience augmented reality feature in their navigation where they can react and visualize real world overlapped or amplified with virtual characters , so bearing all of these truths in mind we are going in this project to address indoor positioning system using Wi-Fi as the best effectual tool, in purpose of fulfilling a complete system of navigation inside buildings with statistical and context information of users movements, density and personal information as well as geometry of the place and its fingerprinting in addition to real time reaction with the user achieved by augmented reality implementation.
In this section, we will discuss two approaches: trilateration and fingerprinting. Both approaches depend on RSSI measurements which consist of received signal strength indication that is the power level sent from an RF device (Wi- Fi Acess point). In order to calculate the location of a user, the distance from three access points computed using RSSI is evaluated.
Wi-Fi Trilateration
The distance is calculated from each access point to the user using the following equation defined as free space path loss in decibels:
where d is the distance in meters and f is the frequency in MHz.
After the distance from the three access points is calculated, the location of a user can be estimated using Wi-Fi trilateration method that generates a circle around each transmitter (access point). Solving for the intersection of the three circles using 3 equations result in the centroid of the triangle. The localization (x, y) can be computed as follows, given the coordinates (xi, yi) for each access point are already known. The approach is depicted in Figure 1.
This gives a system of equations of two unknowns:
with the solution:
& (5)
Fig1. Trilateration distance calculation
Fingerprinting is a two-stage approach. The process starts by an offline acquisition followed by a localization approach based on interpolation.
Offline acquisition:
In this stage, the indoor map is divided into sub grids and fixed points are places all over the map as the fingerprints separated by x meters (2 meters were used in this work). The RSSI values received on each point from three APs along with the MAC address and SSID are recorded, where RSSI is measured by dB. These values are then stored in a database for later use at the next stage.
Localization:
This is the phase of determining the position and is done in real-time simulation. The current RSSI is measured from the three access points. Only two values are chosen which have the closest values to those pre-measured in in phase 1, and consequently are the nearest to the AP. The next step consists of measuring the midpoint between these two points, which will result in three points that form a triangle including the area of the location. Calculating the centroid of this triangle gives the required location
System Architecture
The system is designed in a client-server form consisting of three tiers: the client that is supposed to be a Wi- Fi enabled device (mobile android device), network of three Wi-Fi access points, and a server. The system architecture is depicted in figure 2.
request. Once the SSIDs are chosen, the application can start calculating the RSSI from each of the three access points and either the fingerprinting or the trilateration computations can take place to calculate the coordinates of the mobile device.
The Access points:
The access points that are used in the system use the IEEE 802.11n standard that establish wireless connection in an easy way with high speed and coverage compared to those of 11g standards. Featuring transmission speed of 300Mbps allows less data loss in case of long distances and blocked paths with obstacles like in offices and apartments. Most importantly, the signal can be effortlessly detected over distances rather than difficulty of this in other standards and that is what we care for in our system that needs the signals strength from these access points that helps in the calculation of the distances as well as the location of the user away from them.
The server:
In this project, the server may serve two jobs. First, it can hold the list of SSIDs that are present in the vicinity. This list can be updated by an administrator based on the companys request. Second, the server holds the locations (coordinates) of the destinations. For example, it can hold the coordinates of the stores in a mall, the gates in an airport or the merchandise in a clothing or grocery store. These coordinates can be either fetches upon user request to navigate to a destination or downloaded and cached in the application each time the user opens it for later and faster use. The administrator can update and edit coordinates on the server and push them to the application. The above three sections are tied up in the sequence diagram depicted in figure 3.
1) The client:
Fig 2. System Architecture
Fig 3. System Sequence Diagram
The above sequence diagram shows the flow of the system procedure, where as a start the user triggers the
The client consists of a wifi-powered mobile handheld device. The clients task is to scan available Wi-fi signals in the range and search for specific SSIDs. The SSIDs can be either coded into the application or can be chosen by the user. They can be also pushed from the server upon
application in his mobile, thus requesting the server to get
locations that are already predefined, the server extracts the updated locations from the database and forwards them to the mobile application. At the mobile application, the user has to choose which location he wishes to go to in order to be guided.
After that the mobile application starts scanning the area looking for signals that belong to access points that are also predefined. These access points shall supply the mobile device with the signal strength level and SSID. Using this information, the application will do the necessary computations to first determine the location of the user using an algorithm, then to prepare the phase for guiding the user.
Distance calculation
The implementation of this work is done in two-tiers: trilateration and fingerprinting. Note however, that distance calculation for both approaches, whether its offline or real- time, follow the same algorithm presented below.
Finally, augmented objects will be displayed on the mobile
app that shall help the user to reach his chosen destination step by step.
The state diagram in figure 4 describes the states of the mobile application; first the user starts the mobile application, which in turn automatically requests predefined location data from the server. The server extracts the info from the database and returns it to the requesting side, the mobile app. At this case the user will choose the location he wants to go to, if he does, a camera activity will be initiated. At the background of the camera activity, the scanning process will start which scans the signal strength RSSI from the predefined access points, these
Algorithm 1. Distance calculation
Input: RSSI measurements Output: (X,Y) coordinates 1: For each SSID i
Scan 16, 20, or 25 times to get the RSSI value. Sort the measurements in ascending order.
Choose the median 8, 10 or 15 value by removing the lower and higher values.
Compute the average value of the remaining measurements. Get di by applying equation (1)
END DO
2: Apply equations (2-5) to get (X,Y)
measurements will be used in the process of localization, where the location of the mobile device will be computed
using an algorithm. When done, on the camera activity augmented objects will appear that guide the user to the destination he wanted to reach. If he succeeds in reaching the desired destination the process would have achieved its task otherwise it will still renter the camera activity and continue the flow till task accomplishment.
Fig 4. System State Diagram
The reason behind initiating several scans from the same SSID
lies in the fact that RSSI measurements are noisy and hence one measurement might dictate a totally wrong distance. For this reason, we propose to scan 16, 20 or 25 times, depending on the situation. After obtaining all these values, noisy values are usually either much lower or much higher than the real values and thats why, sorting is employed. Once sorted, the lower M values and the higher N values can be discarded. M and N can be chosen to be the same amount. Next, the remaining values are averaged.
In all cases, three access points are employed tha can have the same or different SSIDs. For this purpose, we have given the user the ability to choose the SSIDs as well as control some of the settings of the algorithm such as the number of scans and the time between each scan. This is depicted in figure 5.
Fig 5. SSID input in the application
The testing environment is presented in figure 6. This map was specifically chosen to test the performance of the algorithm in the presence of walls, hallways, and interference which will affect the signal strength and play a role in path loss and fading. The origin of the map (0,0) was chosen to be the lower left corner.
For the offline acquisition phase in fingerprinting, the map is depicted in figure 7. The x marks are the predefined fingerprints while AP denotes Access Point.
Fig 6. Testing Environment
Fig 7. Fingerprinting Testing Environment
Augmented Reality integration
After successfully determining the user (phone) indoor position, the coordinates are passed to the second module of the system consisting of projecting a 3D or 2D object into the screen in order to guide the user to the desired location. For that purpose, Google ARCore was employed. ARCore is Googles platform for building augmented reality experiences. Using different APIs, ARCore enables your phone to sense its environment, understand the world and interact with
information. Some of the APIs are available across Android and iOS to enable shared AR experiences.
ARCore uses three key capabilities to integrate virtual content with the real world as seen through your phone's camera:
Motion tracking allows the phone to understand and track its position relative to the world.
Environmental understanding allows the phone to detect the size and location of all type of surfaces: horizontal, vertical and angled surfaces like the ground, a coffee table or walls.
Light estimation allows the phone to estimate the environment's current lighting conditions.
ARCore's motion tracking technology uses the phone's camera to identify interesting points, called features, and tracks how those points move over time. With a combination of the movement of these points and readings from the phone's inertial sensors, ARCore determines both the position and orientation of the phone as it moves through space.
In addition to identifying key points, ARCore can detect flat surfaces, like a table or the floor, and can also estimate the average lighting in the area around it. These capabilities combine to enable ARCore to build its own understanding of the world around it. An example is depicted in figure 8.
Fig 8. ARcore
SIMULATION AND TESTING RESULTS
The simulation of this work is two-fold. First, the accuracy of the localization is tested for two scenarios: fingerprinting and trilateration. Second, the integration of the localization with the augmented reality module was tested to assess the reliability of the developed app in real-time scenarios.
Localication
To test the localization accuracy, the two approaches outlined above, namely the fingerprinting and the trilateration are compared. The simulation environment is outlined in figure
XX. The origin (0,0) is set to the lower left corner. The
locations of the three access points are also known a priori. Table XX outlines the different values obtained given the two methods. The first two columns are the real coordinates (x,y) of the smart phone, while the third and fourth column are the coordinates (x,y) obtained using equation XX and fifth and sixth column are the coordinates (x,y) obtained using the fingerprinting interpolation method.
Real coordinates
Trilateration
TABLE I.. Trilateration versus fingerprinting results
Figures 9 and 10 depict the difference between the two approaches.
Fig 9. X coordinates
Fig 10. Y coordinates
minimum amount of time that can result in different RSSI values. Figures 11, 12 and 13 depict the different results when 25, 16 and 10 scans are chosen respectively. In each figure, different delays are employed.
Fig 11. 25 scans
The average error in distance between the real location of the device and the computed coordinates was found to be 3.8 meters for Wi-Fi trilateration method and 4.062 meters for the fingerprinting method. While both methods are considered comparable, the trilateration method was chosen due to the lower error rate and the fact that no offline acquisition is
On the other hand, the number of scans required per location computation is tested. As outlined in the algorithm above, x number of scans are initiated per access points. All RSSI values are gathered, ordered in ascending order and averaging y median values to overcome noisy and faulty measurements. Decreasing the value of x, and consequently y, is crucial for real-time performance. In addition, the amount of time between successive scans is also tested in order to find the
After tuning the algorithm parameters as detailed in the
previous section, it is then plugged within the augmented reality module. When launching the application, the user is presented with a number of destinations. In the current prototype, these destinations are stores in a mall as seen in figure 14.
Fig 14. Destination choice in the app
After clicking on the one of the options, the coordinates that are pre-saved in a database are fetched from the server into the main thread of the application. Note that, when a location is fetched from the server, its saved into the local storage of the application so that when the user chooses that same destination, the coordinated are locally fetched to speed up the process and control the bandwidth consumption. Also note that the coordinates of the hallway beginnings and endings are also fetched and stored. This is important for navigation as they will be used to guide the user right or left. Once this is done, the current location of the user is computed as per the previous sections and a routing path is decided. The routing path consists of 4 possible values: forward, left, right, and wrong. Forward means the user has to walk forward. Left and right entitle the user to take a left or right turn respectively, while wrong means the user is walking in the wrong direction and must turn. For example, if the destination is at location (4,4) while the current location is (2,3) and the hallway ending is at (2,4), the routing path is formed such that the user must go forward until he/she reaches (2,4) then make a right turn and move forward until coordinates (4,4). A virtual characer appears on the screen and laid on top of the front facing camera. The user can now follow the character to the destination. A snapshot of the application is shown in figure 15.
Fig 15. Testing for augmented reality navigation
This paper presents an indoor navigation solution based on Wi-Fi trilateration coupled with augmented reality for interactive user experiences. The algorithm tends to reject noisy values and the testing showed acceptable performance and real-time results. Future enhancements include but are not limited to improving accuracy, filtering noisy measurements and adding fingerprinting for more robustness.
[1] G. Feng et al., "Abstract: An Indoor Localization Simulation Platform for Localization Accuracy Evaluation," 2018 15th Annual IEEE International Conference on Sensing, Communication, and Networking (SECON), Hong Kong, China, 2018, pp. 1-3.
[2] W. Fu, A. Peng, B. Tang and L. Zheng, "Inertial sensor aided visual indoor positioning," 2018 International Conference on Electronics Technology (ICET), Chengdu, China, 2018, pp. 106-110.
[3] S. Alvarado, W. Gonzalez and T. Guarda, "Augmented reality Another level of education," 2018 13th Iberian Conference on Information Systems and Technologies (CISTI), Cáceres, Spain, 2018, pp. 1-5.
[4] Julie Carmigniani et al., "Augmented reality technologies, systems and applications," Multimedia Tools and Applications, vol. 51, no. 1, pp. 341-377, January 2011.
[5] Gallayanee Yaoyuneyong and Erik Johnson , "Augmented reality: an overview and five directions for AR in edications," The University of Southern Mississippi, 2011
[6] L. Batisti and M. Tomic, "Overview of indoor positioning system technologies," 2018 41st International Convention on Information and Communication Technology, Electronics and Microelectronics (MIPRO), Opatija, Croatia, 2018, pp. 0473-0478
[7] Bianca BOBESCU and Marian ALEXANDRU, "Mobile Indoor positioning usinf Wi-Fi Localization," Transilvania University,
Romania, Review 2015
[8] Solomon Chan and Gunho Sohn , "indoor localization using wi-fi based fingerprinting andtrilateration techiques for lbs applications," GeoICT Lab; Earth and Space Science and Engineering Department, York University, Toronto Canada, June 2012
[9] R. T. Azuma. A survey of augmented reality. Presence, 6(4):355385,
[10] Y. Zhuang, J. Yang, L. Qi, Y. Li, Y. Cao and N. El-Sheimy, "A Pervasive Integration Platform of Low-Cost MEMS Sensors and Wireless Signals for Indoor Localization," in IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 2017
[11] S. W. Yang, S. X. Yang and L. Yang, "Method of improving WiFi SLAM based on spatial and temporal coherence," 2014 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA), Hong Kong, 2014, pp. 1991-1996
[12] G. De Blasio, A. Quesada-Arencibia, C. R. García, J. C. Rodríguez- Rodríguez and R. Moreno-Díaz, "A Protocol-Channel-Based Indoor Positioning Performance Study for Bluetooth Low Energy," in IEEE Access, vol. 6, pp. 33440-33450, 2018
[13] R. Jafri, R. L. Campos, S. A. Ali and H. R. Arabnia, "Visual and Infrared Sensor Data-Based Obstacle Detection for the Visually Impaired Using the Google Project Tango Tablet Development Kit and the Unity Engine," in IEEE Access, vol. 6, pp. 443-454, 2018
[14] V. Prudtipongpun, W. Buakeaw, T. Rattanapongsen and M. Sivaraksa, "Indoor Navigation System for Vision-Impaired Individual: An Application on Android Devices," 2015 11th International Conference on Signal-Image Technology & Internet-Based Systems (SITIS), Bangkok, 2015, pp. 633-638.
[15] A. Kashevnik, M. Shchekotov, Comparative Analysis of Indoor Positioning Systems Based on Communications Supported by Smartphones, in Proc. FRUCT Conf., Sep. 2012, pp.43-48
[16] A. LaMarca, "Place Lab: Device Positioning Using Radio Beacons in the Wild", Proceeding of the 3rd Int. Pervasive Computing Conference, vol. 3468, pp. 116-133, 2005
[17] Robert B. Glass, "Mobile Indoor Positioning for Augmented Reality Systems," Virginia Commonwealth Universit, Virginia, thesis 2014
Utilization of Fruits and Vegetable Waste in Cereal Based Food (Cookies)
Realizing Improvements in Quality by Applying Six Sigma Methodology – A Foundry based Case Study

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
CIO service
STL's Daily News
The Surprisingly Imperfect Science of DNA Testing
Years later, none of it — not 84-year-old Eleonora Knoernschild's bloody body on the shag carpet, not the torn bedspread twisted around her neck, not the junk heaped on her corpse so abundantly that only her left foot poked out, not three decades of detective work — none of it would matter as much as the cheese wrapper.
The day after Knoernschild was killed on Nov. 4, 1984, the local newspapers didn't mention the cheese wrapper at all, nor the knee-high stocking that would also be of great consequence in the trials that would take place 30 years later.
Instead, the newspapers reported how Knoernschild's premature death had been discovered: Her daughter, 59-year-old Doris Wines, had been walking to the neighborhood donut shop that Sunday morning. Wines lived just a few doors down from her mother in St. Charles, Mo., an affluent St. Louis suburb on the western bank of the Missouri River. She stooped to pick up the newspaper on her mother's lawn. As she went to drop it off, she saw that the window in the front door had been broken. She sprinted home and called 911.
That afternoon, police told reporters that Knoernschild had been murdered and her home ransacked. The motive was likely burglary, they said, but so far there were no witnesses or suspects.
Detective Mike Harvey of the St. Charles Police Department was assigned to the case. Harvey was a Vietnam vet with a flair for convincing criminals to rat each other out. He would devote considerable reflection over the next 30 years to the death of Eleonora Knoernschild. Long after it waned in departmental memory, he was still following leads. Even after he retired in 2009, Harvey thought about her death. So when an old friend in the county prosecutor's office called and asked if he'd like to come out of retirement to work on cold cases for them, he did not hesitate. The Knoernschild files were the first he opened.
That was in April 2010, when the cheese wrapper had not yet gained its prominence in the case, although it had been in the custody of law enforcement for many years. Detectives found the rectangle of translucent plastic on Knoernschild's linoleum floor next to a frozen Yankee pot roast. Over the next 27 years, the cheese wrapper sat inside a manila envelope in the St. Charles Police Department's property room.
In November 2010, Harvey asked the county forensics lab to test it and 14 other items from the crime scene for DNA. One day the following summer, DNA technician Dan Fahnestock slid the cheese wrapper from its envelope. Fahnestock, half of the county's two-person biological forensics lab, examined the wrapper. It was covered in silver dust, a relic of fingerprint testing it had been submitted to years before.
He wiped the wrapper with six cotton swabs and placed them each in solution to dissolve any human cells they had collected. He ran the solution through a series of machines tasked with detecting, isolating, and amplifying DNA. For each of the samples, the robots produced an electropherogram, a chart with a series of flat, squiggly lines punctuated by spikes, like the EKG of a failing heart or a seismograph recording tiny earthquakes. Several of the swabs returned nothing useful, but one produced a chart with a handful of peaks, each representing a genetic marker.
Fahnestock examined the chart. It wasn't ideal. The amount of genetic material wasn't exactly abundant, and the DNA had decayed considerably since 1984. Some markers couldn't be seen at all.
Conservative technicians might have stopped there, deciding the sample was too compromised to analyze. But Fahnestock continued, piecing together a profile. That profile pointed to someone Harvey had suspected for years — St. Charles native son, Brian McBenge, an ex-boyfriend of Knoernschild's granddaughter. Six weeks later, a DNA test of a knee-high nylon stocking found behind Knoernschild's house implicated his younger brother, Cecil McBenge.
The DNA evidence would serve as the basis for prosecuting the brothers for first-degree murder. It was a crime Harvey believed they had gotten away with for decades. But the cheese wrapper may be evidence of something else entirely: the ambiguity of a science most people never doubt.
The man Harvey says killed Eleonora Knoernschild strode to the sturdy plastic table in the visiting room where I was seated. His goatee was sandy grey, same as his hair.
He placed a stack of papers between us: The 296-page deposition of Dan Fanhestock. In preparation for our meeting, Brian had reread the deposition, and on three sheets of yellow legal paper, in tidy print, listed dozens of page numbers where he spotted holes in Fahnestock's DNA analyses of the cheese wrapper and stocking. He started to hand me the list, but a guard stopped him. Prisoners are forbidden from passing papers to visitors.
Brian sighed and forged ahead, flipping through the pages. He pointed to a question his attorney had asked Fahnestock: Whether Fahnestock could say with certainty that Cecil or Brian were the individuals who left the DNA on the cheese wrapper or the knee-high stocking.
Brian looked at me. "And he says no."
Fahnestock's answer was a simple acknowledgement that even at its best, DNA science is not absolute. To Brian, it was proof that DNA cannot be trusted.
In the three decades since DNA emerged as a forensic tool, courts have rarely been skeptical about its power. When the technique of identifying people by their genes was invented, it seemed like just the thing the justice system had always been waiting for: Bare, scientific fact that could circumvent the problems of human perception, motivation, and bias.
Other forensic sciences had taken a stab at this task. Lie detector tests, ballistics, fingerprinting, arson analysis, hair examinations — all aim to provide evidence independent of the flawed humans wrapped up in an investigation. But those methods were invented by law-enforcement agencies eager for clues; it is now well established that their results are not always sound. With few alternatives, police and courts spent most of the 20th century hammering away at justice with the rubber tools of traditional forensics.
DNA was different. It came up through science, which began, in the 1950s, to unravel the ways the double helix drafts our existence. When DNA profiling led to its first conviction in a U.S. courtroom in 1987, DNA had already vaulted through the validating hoops of the scientific method. Soon it was accompanied by odds with enough zeros in front of the decimal to eliminate reasonable doubt.
Today, most of us see DNA evidence as terrifically persuasive: A 2005 Gallup poll found that 85 percent of Americans considered DNA to be either very or completely reliable. Studies by researchers at the University of Nevada, Yale, and Claremont McKenna College found that jurors rated DNA evidence 95 percent accurate and between 90 and 94 percent persuasive, depending on where the DNA was found. That faith could be shaken, but only when lawyers made a convincing case that a lab had a history of errors.
Otherwise, the mere introduction of DNA in a courtroom seemed to stymie any defense.
"A mystical aura of definitiveness often surrounds the value of DNA evidence," the studies' authors wrote.
In many cases, this aura is deserved. The method is unequivocal when it tests a large quantity of one person's well-preserved genes, when it's clear how that evidence arrived at a crime scene, and when the lab makes no errors in its work.
But those are not circumstances enjoyed by every criminal investigation. Take the case of Kerry Robinson of Georgia. Robinson was implicated, in part, when two analysts concluded his genes may be present on the victim's vaginal swabs. The jury convicted, and Robinson received a 20-year sentence.
Greg Hampikian, a biology and criminal justice professor at Boise State University and director of the Idaho Innocence Project, was a defense expert in the trial and felt sure the analysts had reached their conclusion because of unconscious bias: They knew a great deal about the case, including that the detectives believed Robinson was guilty. To test his suspicions, Hampikian and cognitive neuroscientist Itiel Dror of University College London sent the DNA data to 17 other analysts and asked them to interpret it without any information about the case. Only one agreed with the original analysts.
Despite these results, the Georgia appeals court declined to overturn the conviction, stating that "as long as there is some competent evidence, even though contradicted … we must uphold the jury's verdict."
Because DNA is more reliable than other forensics, scientists have shrugged off suggestions that it could fall victim to the vagaries of bias. But Dror noted that much DNA analysis involves interpretation. With interpretation comes subjectivity, and with subjectivity can come error.
"DNA results can be in the eye of the beholder," Dror said.
Police officer John Young was the first to arrive at Knoernschild's house. His partner conducted a perimeter check while Young stepped over the splintered glass on the porch. The door was locked, so Young reached through its broken window and opened it. He stepped inside and found himself in the dining room.
Two cabinets and a desk had been emptied; papers and pill bottles littered the floor. Kitchen cupboards were open and food cast around. Young approached a bedroom door, where a sign warned against smoking because an oxygen tank was in use. To the right, a bare mattress. To the left, a dresser emptied of its contents. On the floor, a heap of clothes and paper. He stared at it. Knoersnchild's foot was sticking out.
He dug through the debris. Under a blue gown, he found her face. Blood ran out of her mouth and down her right cheek, forming a pool. A tube tethered her face to a nearby oxygen tank. The fringe of her bedspread encircled her neck. The coroner would conclude that blunt force trauma had killed her.
Posted byadmin March 16, 2018 Posted inUncategorized
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#19 Fagun Thakrar The nineteenth episode of VARVET INTERNATIONAL contains: actress and designer Fagun Thakrar on feminism, the caste system, medicine, the 1984 gas leak in Bhopal and the movie about it, beauty, class, design, India v. England, acting and how dead people smell. VARVET INTERNATIONAL is sponsored by UBER. Host: Kristoffer Triumf. Producer: Christina Jeurling Birro. Editor: Lovisa Ohlson. Theme song producer: Maria Marcus.


dc.description.abstract Patterns of communication in the decision-making process of Design Team Architects are considered. Variations in the verbal content of Architect and other Design Team member interaction behaviour are analysed over the various stages of the design process. A pilot study building design and a main subject study building design are investigatted on a longditudinal basis. Fourteen other building designs are investigated on a cross sectional basis. The presented results represent a data collection period of approximately eighteen months. Design Team interaction is measured using content analysis. The measurement scales used are largely based upon existing methodologies, although some measurement scales are developed specifically for this research. Quantitative data analysis is by mainframe computer, using analysis programs which are developed specifically for this research. Additional qualitative substantiations are provided by extracts of supportive interview responses. The results show pronounced patterns of variation in the interaction content of Design Team members throughout the design process over a range of design types. The conclusions are of use to Design Team members since they illustrate the likely patterns of future interaction for the future stages of any design process. Potential areas of interaction conflict are presented, together with likely variations in Design Team member preoccupations as the design develops. Reference to the results allow the Designer to design in order to avoid likely design interaction problems associated with long term variations in Design Team interaction behaviour. Results indicate that the Architect becomes less assertive during the middle stages of the design, as does the influence of the initial brief. The Architect is consistently the most creative Design Team member, although cost considerations increasingly influence the decision-making process of the Architect, largely at the expense of aesthetic considerations. The professional Design Team members increasingly form a coalition against the Client Representative, to some extent as a defence against late stage disruptive cost reduction exercises, as construction factors increasingly influence interaction behaviour.


text:
Tag: UFO
I'll be honest, this is the first Godzilla movie I've watched that I didn't pay attention to any of the actors or their arcs, I was just having too much fun with the monster mashing, the model work, and the way the mythology of the monster-verse has expanded to include so many creatures, aliens, and…
Ghidorah, The Three-Headed Monster (1964) – Ishiro Honda
UFOs, political assassinations, alien possession, the Shobijin (Emi and Yumi Ito) and alien monsters see the known kaiju on Earth, all located around Japan, unite for the first time to combat King Ghidorah, a three-headed space beast which destroyed an alien civilization on Venus centuries ago, and has now arrived on Earth via meteor. This…
Communion (1987) – Whitley Strieber
Whitley Stieber experienced something. In fact, according to his writing, he's been experiencing something all of his life. It's influenced him, his writing, and the events and those around him. Strieber, like countless others, believes he was abducted. He doesn't use the word aliens, he uses the word visitors. Because he doesn't claim to know…
The X-Files (1999) – Field Trip, and Biogenesis
Frank Spotnitz created the story which Vince Gilligan and John Shiban wrote the teleplay for the sixth season's penultimate episode, Field Trip, which first aired on 9 May, 1999. Mulder (David Duchovny) and Scully (Gillian Anderson) head to Brown Mountain, home of the Brown Mountain Lights, which Mulder believes may be UFO related, to investigate…
The X-Files (1998) – Triangle, and Dreamland
Series creator Chris Carter writes and directs this episode, that is composed of long one take sequences (love that!) that first aired on 22 November, 1998. Mulder (David Duchovny) heads into the Bermuda Triangle when he the long lost Queen Anne reappears. Arriving on board, he is somehow transported back to the year of the…
The X-Files (1997) – Max, and Synchrony
The two-parter that began last week concludes with the episode, Max, written by series creator Chris Carter and Frank Spotnitz, this story first debuted on 23 March, 1997. While the lovelorn Agent Pendrell (Brendan Beiser) loses his life to a bullet meant for Scully (Gillian Anderson) and her witness, Mulder (David Duchovny) begins to suspect…
The X-Files (1997) – Unrequited, and Tempus Fugit
Howard Gordon and series creator Chris Carter pen the teleplay for this episode from a story developed by Gordon to show that even in the late 90s the horror and worry over Vietnam POWs was still with us and haunting American society. With an original airdate of 23 February, 1997, Mulder (David Duchovny), Scully (Gillian…
My Science Project (1985) – Jonathan B. Beteul
When I was growing up in Bermuda, my fellow Canuck, Sean lived across the street of Cedarcraft Lane, and he and his brothers always seemed to be renting odd movies that I had never heard of – they were well into their b-movie science fiction before I came along. And one weekend, I was able…
The X-Files (1996) – Apocrypha, and Pusher
Series creator Chris Carter and Frank Spotnitz continue the mythology arc story they began in Piper Maru with Apocrypha, which first aired on 16 February, 1996. While Scully (Gillian Anderson) runs down leads on the man who killed her sister, something that has caused AD Skinner (Mitch Pileggi) to end up in the hospital with…
The X-Files (1995) – Paper Clip, and D.P.O.
The third episode in the season finale/opener that began with Anasazi plunges Mulder (David Duchovny) and Scully (Gillian Anderson) further into the still developing mythology arc of the series with this episode, Paper Clip, written by series creator, Chris Carter. First airing on 29 September, 1995 the episode sees the agents on the run, investigating…


text:
Work paused on New Forest pylon project
By National Grid
In National Grid
Despite strong support, National Grid has decided to pause work on its landscape enhancement project to remove eightpylons from Hale Purlieu in the New Forest National Park following advice from legal experts, the regulator and its independent Stakeholder Advisory Group.
The work is part of National Grid's Visual Impact Provision (VIP) project, which makes use of £500m provision from Ofgem as part of the current price control period to reduce the landscape and visual impact of existing overhead transmission lines in nationally important landscapes in England and Wales.
The decision has been made due to emerging complexities surrounding the European regulations designed to protect the natural habitats of protected species. While these regulations are designed to prevent the permanent loss of habitats, and not stop short-term work that we believe could have provided a net gain to the environment in which we were working, it is evident that the legal position is complex and, importantly, untested for a project of this nature. It is therefore unlikely that a planning application for this project would receive approval before the funding deadline.
David Wright, Director, Electricity Transmission, at National Grid, said: "This project would remove eight electricity pylons while enhancing a nationally important landscape, and potentially improving and extending the important habitats in this beautiful part of the New Forest National Park. It has been developed over three years with the close collaboration and support of many local people and national environmental bodies. Our extensive community and stakeholder engagement throughout has shown strong support for these plans.
"However, the current round of funding is only available for a limited time, and due to what we believe is an unintended consequence of the regulations it has become clear that we will not be able to complete this in time.
"We would like to thank everyone for their engagement and involvement to date and sincerely hope that it will be possible to return at some future date when the legal position has been resolved."
The decision was made in consultation with National Grid's independent Stakeholder Advisory Group, which comprises representatives from national organisations with an interest in enhancing landscapes and environments throughout England and Wales.
The Group's Chairman and leading environmentalist, Chris Baines, said:
"After three years of extremely intense work, it is disappointing to have to recommend pausing this project.
"There has been terrific support from many local people and environmental professionals, and I remain convinced of the long-term landscape and environmental benefits of this scheme. I do believe that it remains possible in the longer term to deliver exceptional visual improvement whilst at the same time enhancing the wildlife habitat at Hale Purlieu.
"However, there is a need to build confidence in the legal process before the project can move forward again."
National Grid will continue to progress its other VIP projects to replace pylons with underground alternatives in the Dorset Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty and the Peak District and Snowdonia National Parks. Early works on the construction of the fully-consented Dorset project to remove 22 pylons near the villages of Winterbourne Abbas and Martinstown began earlier this year.
Britain's clean energy system achieves historic milestone in 2019
Britain is set to achieve a historic electricity generation milestone this year, with more electricity generated from zero carbon sources than fossil fuels.
Innovative approaches such as connecting Britain's electricity grid to its neighbou...
OFSTED Chief Inspector visits National Grid Training site as company receives "Outstanding" three times in a row
On Thursday 13th June, 2019, National Grid hosted a visit by Her Majesty's OFSTED Chief Inspector (HMCI) Amanda Spielman to their Eakring Learning Centre. The visit gave National Grid the opportunity to share how they are using apprenticesh...
National Grid responding to the Prime Minister's announcement that 'We will end UK contribution to climate change by 2050'
Responding to the PM Theresa May that 'WE WILL END UK CONTRIBUTION TO CLIMATE CHANGE BY 2050', John Pettigrew, CEO of National Grid said:
"Government has shown today the right leadership in legislating for a 2050 net-zero target. Britain h...
National Grid Partners Expands With 6 New Deals and Opens Incubation Office in San Francisco
LOS GATOS, CA – June 12, 2019 –National Grid Partners (NGP), the investment and innovation arm of National Grid plc (LSE: NG; NYSE: NGG), announces the addition of 4 new portfolio companies and 2 new strategic fund investments. NGP has inve...
By National Grid March 29, 2019
St Helen's gasholder to be dismantled
National Grid starts work on dismantling Manchester gas holders


To evaluate/constructively shape the human factors that play a role in cargo tank rollovers.
A report identifying the best practices for addressing human factors in cargo tank rollovers and recommendations on how the Agency could proceed to develop an online training curriculum to promote these best practices.
For more information, contact Nicole Michel of the Research Division at nicole.michel@dot.gov.


text:
Q: What gets returned return type is reference of object? This is what i believe:
When a function returns it make a new temporary copy of the object and this temp object remains in memory for the time of the statement from where it was called.
when a function returns reference that object is itself returned. This means that that object should not be local.
so when i do this:
 MyStruct & ReferenceReturn(MyStruct cl)
 {
         return cl;
 }

in main() i do
MyStruct d("notmyname"),g("myname");
d = ReferenceReturn(g);
cout << d.name;
cout << ReferenceReturn(g).name;

It prints garbage in both.
What gets returned ? : reference to local copy of g i.e. cl which gets destroyed as soon as function is finished or a reference to temporary object that gets destroyed after the statement is over. But since if temp would have been created it would have overritten d in the right way. So i believe that it is the reference of localcopy of passed value that is getting returned .
But as soon as i made destructor in the struct it went perfectly, with following code and specific output.
 ~MyStruct()
 {
   cout << name << " is destroying";
  }

Output:
myname is destroying
myname
myname
myname is destroying
....

This output shows that only one object is created for each call. (there are two calls)
But why it is not working without destructor ?
Thanks

A:  MyStruct & ReferenceReturn(MyStruct cl)
 {
         return cl;
 }

Create temporary object, assign it to cl, return reference to object, destruct object. So, it's dangling reference. Compiler can use copy-elision and don't copy object, but can not... Use something lile
 MyStruct & ReferenceReturn(MyStruct& cl)
 {
         return cl;
 }

A:  MyStruct & ReferenceReturn(MyStruct cl) {
    return cl;
 }

Is the result undefined for such cases?

That function exhibits undefined behavior, yes. The problem is that cl is a local object in the function, and you are returning a reference to it. This is undefined behavior. The caller will create a copy of g to be passed to ReferenceReturn, and that copy will be destroyed by the ReferenceReturn function after the return, potentially before the caller gets to use the reference.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Сарі́-Чашма́ () — село у складі Хатлонської області Таджикистану. Входить до складу джамоату імені Худойора Раджабова Восейського району.

Назва села означає «початок джерела». Колишня назва — Рахманберди.

Населення — 2178 осіб (2010; 2062 в 2009).

Примітки

Посилання
 На радянських картах масштабом 1:200000 Сарічашма
 На Вікімапії

Села Хатлонської області
Населені пункти Восейського району


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Majestic International is proud to offer the finest selection of products in the industry, specifically designed to meet the needs of our hotel, spa and resort clients around the world. With an array of classic designs, we concentrate on the quality construction of our products, from soft and supple waffle cotton robes to tailored microfiber and elegant terry velour collections, as well as slippers and towels.


text:
Lee Stranahan
https://cdnn1.img.sputniknews.com/img/07e5/02/13/1082125222_0:0:293:292_100x100_80_0_0_a8bc846f559660e5bf7574f8a9608a1d.png
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atlantic council, us, china, elections, nytimes, nato, the backstory, filibuster, аудио, radio
Nobody Wins in a World War 3 Scenario
On today's episode of The Backstory, host Lee Stranahan discussed current events including the UN demanding investigations into the deaths of protesters in Kazakhstan, and Tulsi Gabbard criticizing Joe Biden for his voting rights speech.
Peter Oliver - RT European Correspondent and Sputnik European Correspondent | OSCE, German Energy Issues, and Human Rights
Daniel Lazare - Independent Journalist, Author, and Writer | Joe Biden's Divisive Nature, Filibuster, and Democrats Having a Weak Roster for 2024 Elections
In the first hour, Lee spoke with Peter Oliver about Victoria Nuland, Eastern Europe, and the lack of progress in diplomacy. Peter discussed the statements from the OSCE and their warning of potential war. Peter spoke on the concerns of Russia and the Ukrainian military training to fight Russian troops.
In the second hour, Lee spoke with Daniel Lazare about the Democrat's attempts to kill the filibuster, Kyrsten Sinema, and Congress unable to function. Daniel spoke on Krysten Sinema and her stance on the filibuster. Daniel talked about the possibilities of civil war and how democracy should work in America.
We'd love to get your feedback at radio@sputniknews.com


The topic was Unmet Needs, which is an all too common topic when you are discussing a rare disease many physicians don't understand; much less the patients seeking or receiving a diagnosis. When all of the participants were asked in advance to identify what they perceived as "unmet needs", the list was a long one. Below are the categories identified by the group.
General sessions with all participants focused on candid discussion about which unmet needs were the top priority and what solutions might make a difference. Breakout sessions with the physicians ranged from discussing treatment pathways in real patient cases to debating the timing and dosimetry of PRRT. The nurse track focused on practical applications in the clinic to help hear and understand the patient's real-life experience with carcinoid syndrome, and the patient advocacy representatives focused on ways they might work together to provide the best possible support to patients and caregivers.
A walk-through exhibit allowed attendees to HEAR patient voices describe their carcinoid syndrome experience in their own words and one dinner program was devoted to the clinical trial results of telotristat ethyl (now Xermelo for carcinoid syndrome approved by FDA just days after the Summit ended). A UCLA team presented the real-life experience of their PRRT clinical trial program with perspectives from the patient (Skyped in) and from the physicians, nurses, and even the nuclear safety engineer.
We look forward to providing more details of the Summit, and progress on distribution of results to the medical community. We thank our Summit supporters: Advanced Accelerator Applications, Lexicon, Novartis, Ethicon, Halyard, Neuroendocrine Cancer Awareness Network, Angiodynamics, Biotheranostics, and supported in part by an educational grant from Ipsen.


With the Easter weekend offering up a feast of football from across the UK, Europe has taken up the mantle this week with a whole host of fixtures from the continent's top leagues.
Italy, Spain, Germany, France and Portugal are all present and correct with a variety of league and cup meetings scheduled for this Wednesday and we've got a great looking fivefold accumulator at odds of just over 9/1.
Read on to find out why this tip could prove sweeter than any discounted Easter Egg or hot cross bun available.
Parma may have picked up a point last time out against Inter Milan but that result says more about the Nerazzurri than the debt-ridden relegation near-certainties.
Udinese should prove a tougher nut to crack having gone four games unbeaten with the Zebrette beating Parma 4-2 earlier this term.
Something of a basement battle in La Liga, former Champions League heroes Depor look the more likely winners as hosts with Cordoba in a rotten run of form.
The visitors have lost 10 league games in a row, sit bottom in the table and are eight points from safety.
Unbeaten in six going into this DFB Pokal clash, Gladbach will be confident of victory over Bielefeld after their recent 2-0 away win over Bayern Munich.
Die Fohlen are also unbeaten in eight meetings with the Bundesliga.2 side, winning six and drawing two.
After coming through a test of their Ligue 1 title credentials with a 3-2 comeback win over Marseille at the weekend, PSG will be expected to progress here.
The Parisiens have beaten Les Verts in each of their previous four competitive meetings.
Sporting have gone 17 competitive games without defeat at home and are expected to progress at the expense of Nacional.
The visitors have won just one of their last seven on the road and in line for a third consecutive defeat in all competitions.


text:
Q: How can I extend ApplicationController in a gem? I thought I'd come up with a slick way to extend ApplicationController in a Rails 3.x gem.
In my gem's lib/my_namespace/my_controller.rb, I had:
class MyNamespace::MyController < ApplicationController

  before_filter :some_method
  after_filter :another_method

  def initialize
    # getting classname of the subclass to use for lookup of the associated model, etc.
    # and storing the model_class in an instance variable
    # ...
  end

  # define :some_method, :another_method, etc.
  # ...

private
  attr_accessor :subclass_defined_during_initialize # etc.

  # etc.
end

but when the Gem is loaded, app/controllers/application_controller.rb is not yet loaded, so it fails:
/path/to/rvm/gemset/gems/activesupport-3.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:251:
in `require': cannot load such file -- my_gem_name/application_controller (LoadError)

As a workaround, I had defined ApplicationController in my gem's lib/gem_namespace/application_controller.rb as:
class ApplicationController < ActionController::Base
end

I assumed that even though I had defined it there, it would be redefined in my Rails 3 application's app/controllers/application_controller.rb, such that both controllers in the application that extended ApplicationController and controllers that extended MyNamespace::MyController would directly or indirectly extend the ApplicationController defined in app/controllers/application_controller.rb.
However, we noticed that after loading the gem, controllers that extend ApplicationController were unable to access methods defined in app/controllers/application_controller.rb. Also, the ApplicationHelper (app/helpers/application_helper.rb) module was no longer being loaded by other helper modules.
How can I extend ApplicationController within the controller in my gem for the purpose of defining a before_filter and after_filter to and use initialize to access the class's name to determine the associated model's class that it could then store and use within its methods?
Update 2012/10/22:
Here's what I came up with:
In lib/your_gem_name/railtie.rb:
module YourGemsModuleName
  class Railtie < Rails::Railtie
    initializer "your_gem_name.action_controller" do
    ActiveSupport.on_load(:action_controller) do
      puts "Extending #{self} with YourGemsModuleName::Controller"
      # ActionController::Base gets a method that allows controllers to include the new behavior
      include YourGemsModuleName::Controller # ActiveSupport::Concern
    end
  end
end

and in lib/your_gem_name/controller.rb:
module YourGemsModuleName
  module Controller
    extend ActiveSupport::Concern

    # note: don't specify included or ClassMethods if unused

    included do
      # anything you would want to do in every controller, for example: add a class attribute
      class_attribute :class_attribute_available_on_every_controller, instance_writer: false
    end

    module ClassMethods
      # notice: no self.method_name here, because this is being extended because ActiveSupport::Concern was extended
      def make_this_controller_fantastic
        before_filter :some_instance_method_available_on_every_controller # to be available on every controller
        after_filter :another_instance_method_available_on_every_controller # to be available on every controller
        include FantasticStuff
      end
    end

    # instance methods to go on every controller go here
    def some_instance_method_available_on_every_controller
      puts "a method available on every controller!"
    end

    def another_instance_method_available_on_every_controller
      puts "another method available on every controller!"
    end

    module FantasticStuff
      extend ActiveSupport::Concern

      # note: don't specify included or ClassMethods if unused

      included do
        class_attribute :class_attribute_only_available_on_fantastic_controllers, instance_writer: false
      end

      module ClassMethods
        # class methods available only if make_this_controller_fantastic is specified in the controller
        def some_fanastic_class_method
          put "a fantastic class method!"
        end
      end

      # instance methods available only if make_this_controller_fantastic is specified in the controller
      def some_fantastic_instance_method
        puts "a fantastic instance method!"
      end

      def another_fantastic_instance_method
        puts "another fantastic instance method!"
      end
    end
  end
end

A: For this specific kind of functionality I would recommend creating a module in your gem and include that module in your Application Controller
class ApplicationController < ActionController::Base
  include MyCoolModule
end

To add before filters, etc (add this to your module)
def self.included(base)
  base.send(:before_filter, my_method)
end

Update: you may be able to just do base.before_filter :my_method which is cleaner.

A: Here is a Gist
that shows how to access the class of the subclass and store it in an instance variable and access it in the before and after filters. It uses the include method.

A: Truth is much much simpler and flexible.
Add to lib/engine.rb this: class Engine < Rails::Engine; end
And then simply use:
ActionController::Base.class_eval do

  include SomethingFromMineGemModule

  # or:
  def hello_from_gem
    'Hey people!'
  end

end

A: I was able to reference ApplicationController with an initializer callback.
gem code that subclasses/references ApplicationController:
class GemApplicationController < ApplicationController
  before_filter :method_to_call

  def method_to_call
    #your code here
  end
end

gem code callback to create subclassed controller:
module GemName
  def self.load_gem_application_controller
    require "path/to/gem_application_controller"
  end
end

rails_app/config/initializers/gem_name.rb
GemName.load_gem_application_controller

Then have controllers that use this functionality subclass GemApplicationController
class SpecialCaseController < GemApplicationController
  # this will inherit from the gem's controller,
  # which inherits from the rails_app ApplicationController
end


A lista a seguir traz alguns títulos interessantes que falam sobre temas relacionados ao Algo Trading. Não se trata de uma seleção absoluta, mas algumas leituras relevantes pelas quais a equipe passou ao longo do caminho. Outras surgirão e a lista assim vai sendo atualizada.
As descrições de cada livro e o respectivo link para a Amazon.com aparecem depois das imagens.
Engaging and informative, Algorithmic Trading skillfully covers a wide array of strategies. Broadly divided into the mean-reverting and momentum camps, it lays out standard techniques for trading each category of strategies and, equally important, the fundamental reasons why a strategy should work. The emphasis throughout is on simple and linear strategies, as an antidote to the over-fitting and data-snooping biases that often plague complex strategies.
Machine Trading is a practical guide to building your algorithmic trading business. Written by a recognized trader with major institution expertise, this book provides step-by-step instruction on quantitative trading and the latest technologies available even outside the Wall Street sphere. You'll discover the latest platforms that are becoming increasingly easy to use, gain access to new markets, and learn new quantitative strategies that are applicable to stocks, options, futures, currencies, and even bitcoins. The companion website provides downloadable software codes, and you'll learn to design your own proprietary tools using MATLAB. The author's experiences provide deep insight into both the business and human side of systematic trading and money management, and his evolution from proprietary trader to fund manager contains valuable lessons for investors at any level.
In this updated edition of his bestselling book, Rishi K Narang offers in a straightforward, nontechnical style—supplemented by real-world examples and informative anecdotes—a reliable resource takes you on a detailed tour through the black box. He skillfully sheds light upon the work that quants do, lifting the veil of mystery around quantitative trading and allowing anyone interested in doing so to understand quants and their strategies.
Practical and fully disclosed methods for swing trading: Trading frequently and holding a few days. Identifying overbought and oversold conditions. Trading major ETFs and liquid equities.
This book, the fifth by Dr. Howard Bandy, discusses an integrated approach to trading system development and trading management. It begins with a discussion and quantification of the several aspects of risk. 1.The trader's personal tolerance for risk. 2.The risk inherent in the price fluctuations of the issue to be traded. 3.The risk added by the trading system rules. 4.The trade-by-trade risk experienced during trading.
This book presents an approach to developing profitable trading systems using scientific techniques, melding together several key aspects: Personal risk tolerance. Profit potential of the financial issue being traded. Data analysis. Adjusting the model to fit the data. Validation to estimate future performance. Comparing alternative use of funds. Determining whether the system is working or broken. Computing a proper position size to maximize account growth while holding drawdown within the trader's tolerance.
Author Robert Carver draws on financial theory, his experience managing systematic hedge fund strategies and his own in-depth research to explain why systematic trading makes sense and demonstrates how it can be done safely and profitably. Every aspect, from creating trading rules to position sizing, is thoroughly explained. The framework described here can be used with all assets, including equities, bonds, forex and commodities.
Award-winning trader Kevin Davey shares his secrets for developing trading systems that generate triple-digit returns. With both explanation and demonstration, Davey guides you step-by-step through the entire process of generating and validating an idea, setting entry and exit points, testing systems, and implementing them in live trading. You'll find concrete rules for increasing or decreasing allocation to a system, and rules for when to abandon one. The companion website includes Davey's own Monte Carlo simulator and other tools that will enable you to automate and test your own trading ideas.
This book explains exactly how you can build a winning trading system. It is an insight into what a trader should know and do in order to achieve success in the markets, and it will show you why you don't need to be a rocket scientist to build a winning trading system. A trader can never really say he was successful, but only that he survived to trade another day; the "black swan" is always just around the corner. Trading Systems will help you find your way through the uncharted waters of systematic trading and show you what it takes to be among those that survive. A new approach to system development.
Trading systems expert Robert Pardo is back, and in The Evaluation and Optimization of Trading Strategies he reveals how he has perfected the programming and testing of trading systems using a successful battery of his own time-proven techniques. With this book, Pardo delivers important information to readers, from the design of workable trading strategies to measuring issues like profit and risk. Written in a straightforward and accessible style, this detailed guide presents traders with a way to develop and verify their trading strategy no matter what form they are currently using–stochastics, moving averages, chart patterns, RSI, or breakout methods.
Presenting an analytical framework for comparing systematic methods and techniques, this new edition offers expanded coverage in nearly all areas, including trends, momentum, arbitrage, integration of fundamental statistics, and risk management. Comprehensive and in-depth, the book describes each technique and how it can be used to a trader's advantage, and shows similarities and variations that may serve as valuable alternatives. The book also walks readers through basic mathematical and statistical concepts of trading system design and methodology, such as how much data to use, how to create an index, risk measurements, and more.
Pairs trading is a market-neutral strategy in its most simple form. The strategy involves being long (or bullish) one asset and short (or bearish) another. If properly performed, the investor will gain if the market rises or falls. Pairs Trading reveals the secrets of this rigorous quantitative analysis program to provide individuals and investment houses with the tools they need to successfully implement and profit from this proven trading methodology. Pairs Trading contains specific and tested formulas for identifying and investing in pairs, and answers important questions such as what ratio should be used to construct the pairs properly.
Quantitative Momentum brings momentum investing out of Wall Street and into the hands of individual investors. Author Wes Gray brings momentum investing, the system that has been shown to beat the market and regularly enriches the coffers of Wall Street's most sophisticated investors. First, you'll learn what momentum investing is not: it's not 'growth' investing, nor is it an esoteric academic concept. You may have seen it used for asset allocation, but this book details the ways in which momentum stands on its own as a stock selection strategy, and gives you the expert insight you need to make it work for you.
Models are grounded on how the exchanges work, whether the algorithm is trading with better informed traders (adverse selection), and the type of information available to market participants at both ultra-high and low frequency. Algorithmic and High-Frequency Trading is the first book that combines sophisticated mathematical modelling, empirical facts and financial economics, taking the reader from basic ideas to cutting-edge research and practice. If you need to understand how modern electronic markets operate, what information provides a trading edge, and how other market participants may affect the profitability of the algorithms, then this is the book for you.
Derivatives Analytics with Python shows you how to implement market-consistent valuation and hedging approaches using advanced financial models, efficient numerical techniques, and the powerful capabilities of the Python programming language. This unique guide offers detailed explanations of all theory, methods, and processes, giving you the background and tools necessary to value stock index options from a sound foundation. You'll find and use self-contained Python scripts and modules and learn how to apply Python to advanced data and derivatives analytics as you benefit from the 5,000+ lines of code that are provided to help you reproduce the results and graphics presented.