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The Grasslands
Skukuza
Mopaniveld
Engelhard Dam
Letaba Area
Letaba to Mopani
Letaba to Mozambique
Letaba to Olifants
Olifants Area
Phalaborwa to Letaba
Phalaborwa to Mopani
Phlaborwa Gate Area
Tshokwane to Satara
Game Viewing Routes
Kruger Park Regions
Game Drive around Olifants in the Southern Mopaneveld
© Graham Cooke
Elephant and Calf at River at Sun-down.
The landscape south of Olifants is unique to this part of Kruger - Olifants rugged veld is a rocky, wooded habitat that is a combination of knob-thorn, bushwillow woodland and Lebombo vegetation. The mid and lower slopes are clay soils on basalt, while the outcrops are the pinkish rhyolite that is the geological foundation of the Lebombo.
About Southern Mopaneveld
Letaba Camp to Mozambique
Palaborwa Gate Area
See Kruger Park Olifants Area Self-drive Map
The sweet grazing is restricted mostly to the lower contours. An indication of the most palatable veld is the trees - leadwoods, sycamores and fever trees. Candelabra euphorbias and white kirkia trees dominate the higher contours where there is little grass.On the mid-slopes are the knob-thorns and bushwillows, interspersed with purple-pod cluster-leaves and tree wistaria. Olifants rugged veld stretches from the main road to Olifants Camp (H8) and south-west to the Timbavati Picnic Site.
In the Olifants area look out for:
Red-winged starling
Around the Olifants rugged veld are a number of other ecosystems - the stunted knob-thorn savanna to the south, the Lebombo to the east and north, mopaneveld to the north-west and mixed bushwillow woodlands to the west. As the name suggests, this terrain is favoured by elephants, which are attracted by the wide variety of trees.
There are usually more browsers than grazers in the Olifants rugged veld, and herd numbers are considerably lower than they are in the more open grasslands. Baboons and vervet monkeys are well adapted to this environment and hang out regularly around Olifants and Balule Camps. Listen out at night for the thick-tailed bushbaby which has a piercing, haunting cry.
Interesting drives around Olifants are to the N'wamanzi Lookout Point over the Olifants (off the H1-4); the Letaba River Road (S44), which has an excellent view spot over the Olifants as it enters the Lebombo; the Balule Bridge Loop (S92 and S91); Ngotso Pan on the H1-4); while one of the most beautiful landscapes in Kruger is the drive between the Olifants Camp turn-off and Shamiriri Hill on the H1-5 north.
River that divides the north from the south
The Olifants (Afrikaans for "elephant") River is a major dividing line between the north and the south of Kruger. To the north is mopaneveld, to the south the bushwillow and acacia species dominate.
The earliest recorded use of the name is from 1869 when pioneer map-maker Vincent Whitshed Erskine referred to it as the "Oliphants". Previously the Olifants had a wide variety of names, including the Lepelle (Sotho) and Rimbelule (Shangaan).
Ngotso Pan is one of the best places in Kruger to get close-up photographs of hippo. The car park comes right to the edge of the water hole where hippo often cavort. Hippo once occupied every river in Africa but are now confined generally to game reserves.
The water hole at Bangu on the Old Main Road to Satara (S90) is worth visiting as giraffe, zebra, impala and buffalo often congregate here. From this point northwards, giraffe become less common as the acacia-veld gives way to mopane. Acacia is the preferred diet of the giraffe and they are absent from most of the mopaneveld, with herds in the north concentrated mostly in the sandveld around Punda and Pafuri.
The S90 follows the Bangu drainage system through sweeping knob-thorn savanna grasslands. There are usually few other vehicles on this road so one has a real sense of isolation in the wilderness with views well into the distance. Game viewing in the north is always unpredictable, but there are often large herds of animals on the S90.
Olifants Camp is wonderfully situated on a high ridge overlooking the Olifants River about 10km upstream from its confluence with the Letaba. There are invariably elephants, hippos and crocs on the sandy river banks.
The camp, which has dramatic views out over the mixed woodlands and the Lebombo Mountains, is well-positioned as a game-viewing camp because it sits between two river systems - the Letaba and Olifants - and three ecozones - the Olifants rugged veld to the south, which consists of knob-thorn and bushwillow in open grasslands, mopane shrubveld to the north and the rocky Lebombo foothills to the east.
The varied habitat lends itself to a diversity of animals. Olifants has a good reputation as a birder's camp - the density and diversity of the woodlands and the availability of water attract a lot of birds, while there are often great raptor sightings from the lookout deck as birds of prey - such as the martial eagle - use the thermal updrafts of the steep hill to get their "lift" into the skies.
The Olifants area is also famed for its trees. Lowveld cluster-leaf, raisin bush and mopane are common in the woodlands which, in spring, become very colourful with the emergence of the bright yellow flowers of the long-tail cassia which contrast with the weeping boer-bean's striking red flowers.
There are a variety of rare aloes at Olifants, and the only accessible sesame bush in the whole of the Kruger Park grows just next to the petrol station. Olifants has a day visitors' picnic site with a swimming pool.


So much of selling online has to do with creating a brand, something customers will recognize and be able to easily associate with your shop. Business cards and product packaging will go a long way toward that goal and it's a great idea to set a standard for these as soon as you start selling your crafts online.
Every piece of my polymer clay jewelry that I send out is wrapped in tissue inside a cotton lined jewelry box. The tissue helps protect the faux finish and keeps it from moving around inside the box. Inside each box I also place a gift card (which I print at home) that has my shop name and tagline on the front, along with some care instructions and links/contact information on the back. Since many of my pieces are purchased for gifts, the inside is left blank for a note. The box then goes into a bubble mailer along with the invoice and a business card.
This is how I package my polymer clay jewelry.
I have done this from day 1. I like the materials I'm using and they're affordable and readily available. The simplicity of it fits wells with my understated brand and doesn't upstage my product. Consider these things as you're picking out your own packaging. If your product is cute or upscale, then your packaging should be as well, but don't let the packaging become the main event.
If you're selling anything anywhere, you need business cards, that goes double if you're selling online. Your business cards are a part of the whole package, the brand that says this product comes from your shop, so try to keep it cohesive. Customers need to be able to recognize and associate your business card with your shop.
Does that mean shrink down your shop banner and put that on your business card? Probably not, but it's something that really depends on your banner and what you're trying to achieve. Most shop banners are large and wide giving you room for lots of elements to help give customers an idea of what they'll find there, business cards are small. I find busy business cards not memorable, not intriguing, and they usually leave a bad impression on me. When I designed my business cards, I decided anyone seeing them would probably already have seen something of mine and that's why they're getting it or seeing it, so I kept my design simple. My business cards are double side printed, the front has a simple image with my branding logo and tagline that matches my shop and website banners but doesn't have any extra elements. The back side also has my logo and tagline along with my shop links and contact information.
This is actually an old card from when I was only using my artfire shop, the new ones focus on my website shop =) but is basically the same. When I started out a large part of my goal was to appear professional and I think these cards help get that across very well. These cards were printed at Vistaprint on matte cards… glossy isn't a good match for my brand, so think about that when you get your cards. Most business cards should probably be glossy, but if your brand is simple and low key like mine, you might consider matte instead.
Also consider the fonts you use in your cards. Use easy to read fonts for your contact and website information, don't make customers struggle to read information you need them to have. Customers should be able to read this information quickly. Notice how I use different sizes of fonts on my card, consider if you have all that information the same size and the same fonts, it will all kind of blend together. Using different sizes helps to break up the information into discernible blocks of information so it is easier to read.
Using readable fonts and different sizes for different blocks of text is something to remember on your websites and shops, too, so always keep that in mind. The easier you can make anything on your customer the more likely they are to stay and want to order. When I see a shop that has fancy fonts and I can't even read the categories list, I leave, it's just not worth the trouble for me to take the time to try and read it. Make your logo your branding, but make sure your shop and website are easy to use.
I hope you found this helpful, these are the things I considered when I first started selling my polymer clay jewelry online and I've been happy with my choices. Certainly every crafter, artist, and seller is different and my ideas here are not to say that everyone's cards should look like mine, but simply to share what things were important to me so maybe you can realize what things are important for you as you make these decisions for yourself. It's important to take the time to really think about what you want to convey about your shop, about your product, even about yourself as an artist, and decide how you can convey those ideas in your branding while still creating a professional and pleasing appearance.
Thanks this is great information.
I hope it was helpful in some way Merrie!
thks so much for this valuable info.
Very well thought out approach. Thanks for sharing all the helpful info.
So funny that I saw this today–just finished re-doing my business cards on Friday, and I must have been channeling you, because it all worked out just like you said! Great advise all round!
Awesome Sharon! How goes the jewelry making?


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Fred John Hageman (born June 30, 1937) was an American football linebacker in the National Football League for the Washington Redskins.  He played college football at the University of Arkansas and University of Kansas, and was drafted in the 2nd round in 1959 by the Oakland Raiders but did not report and returned to Kansas to finish his undergraduate degree and play out his senior season where he was a 2 time All Big 8 selection as a center and middle linebacker.  He was a Tri-Captain and played in 4 post season games including the College All-Star game with numerous All Americans.  Was drafted in the 7th round of the 1960 NFL Draft by the New York Giants and was immediately traded to Washington for cash and a high draft pick.  He was the "Tribe's" defensive leader and starting middle linebacker upon reporting to camp.  He was a runner-up for Rookie of the Year as a middle linebacker and played more minutes than any other player in the NFL in 1961.  After his first stellar season, he was moved to starting Center where he played at an elite level.  He was traded to the Chicago Bears in 1965, where he was injured in a pre-season game.  Although urged to return by many, Fred returned to Kansas and earned his master's degree in education.  He went on to a very successful business career.  The "gentle giant" at a huge 6 foot 5 and 255 pounds of solid muscle with world class speed, Fred was named as Kansas University's "Center of the Century" and was named to its first team "All-Time KU Football Team" along with the likes of Gayle Sayers, John Hadl and other NFL greats.  Known as "Pappy" to many, he led KU's team, to a #2 Ranking and a Big 8 Championship in 1960.  Some believe the teams he led in 1959 and 1960, along with John Hadl, were the best in KU's history.  Fred was enshrined in the Batesville, Arkansas Area Sports Hall of Fame in 1992.  He was the first All-State Athlete at Batesville, H.S.

1937 births
2012 deaths
American football linebackers
American football centers
Washington Redskins players
Chicago Bears players
People from Bunkie, Louisiana
Players of American football from Louisiana
Arkansas Razorbacks football players
Kansas Jayhawks football players

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Riazuddin (physicist)
Find sources: "Riazuddin" physicist – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (October 2015) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Riazuddin, also spelled as Riaz-Ud-Din (Urdu: رياض الدين; 10 November 1930 – 9 September 2013),[2] was a Pakistani theoretical physicist, specialising in high-energy physics and nuclear physics. Starting his scientific research in physics in 1958, Riazuddin was considered one of the early pioneers of Pakistan's nuclear weapons development and atomic deterrence development. He was the director of the Theoretical Physics Group (TPG) of the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC) from 1974 until 1984. Riazuddin was the only pupil of Nobel laureate in Physics Abdus Salam.[citation needed].
Riazuddin
Riazuddin (1930–2013)
(1930-11-10)10 November 1930
Ludhiana, Punjab, British India
9 September 2013(2013-09-09) (aged 82)[1]
Kawarabayashi-Suzuki-Riazuddin-Fayyazuddin (KSRF) relation
Pakistan's nuclear weapons and nuclear deterrence programmes
Work on Neutrino Physics
Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC)
International Center for Theoretical Physics (ICTP)
Daresbury Laboratory
Quaid-e-Azam University
King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals
Pakistan Institute of Engineering & Applied Sciences (PIEAS)
Abdus Salam
Notable students
Masud Ahmad
J. Robert Oppenheimer[citation needed]
Brother of the theoretical physicist Fayyazuddin.
Riazuddin carried out his research at the International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP), the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC), the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) and Daresbury Laboratory where he published papers in mathematics and physics. Riazuddin also played an important role in education in Pakistan, contributing to the rise of science in Pakistan. Riazuddin authored several scientific books on particle physics and quantum mechanics. Later in his life, he joined the National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST) as a visiting professor of the theoretical physics. From 2004 until his death, he also served on the Board of Governors of Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS).[citation needed]
1.2 Academic career
1.3 Scientific research
2 1971 war and atomic bomb project
3 Legacy and fame
4 Institutes named after Riazuddin
5 Publications and scientific articles
5.2 Scientific articles
BiographyEdit
Early yearsEdit
Riazuddin was born in a native Punjabi family in Ludhiana in British Punjab of the British Indian Empire in 1930. After the Partition of India, his family migrated to Pakistan in 1947 and settled in Lahore, West-Pakistan. At age 17, Riazuddin attended Punjab University, and took his B.Sc.(Hons) in Mathematics under the supervision of Abdus Salam in 1951.[3] Riazuddin was the only student to study Physics and Mathematics under the supervision of Abdus Salam at the Undergraduate level at Punjab University and at the Postgraduate level at Cambridge University.[4] As a student of mathematics, he learned the advanced course on quantum mechanics under Abdus Salam, as he had made the course of quantum mechanics outside the regular curriculum.[5] In 1951, Salam funded his scholarship, and helped him gain admission to the graduate school of Punjab University. In 1953, Salam supervised his M.Sc. in Applied Mathematics where his master's dissertation dealt with fundamental concepts of mathematical physics.[3][5] By the time he published his thesis in 1953, he received a Gold medal from the Punjab University for post-graduate contributions to physics and mathematics.[6]
With the help of Salam, Riazuddin went to the United Kingdom on a scholarship and attended Cambridge University. At Cambridge, he was awarded his PhD in Theoretical physics in 1959.[4] Riazuddin's dissertation was written on "Charge Radius of Pion" which also covered many issues relevant to the field of quantum theory.[7] Riazuddin returned to Pakistan where he joined Punjab University as an Associate professor. In 1968, Riazuddin was awarded the Gold Medal in Physical Sciences for scientists under 40 years of age by the Pakistan Academy of Sciences.[6]
Academic careerEdit
Riazuddin had joined Punjab University ini 1959 as an associate professor of Mathematics.[6] Four years later, he travelled to the United States for a fellowship awarded by Norman March and Michael Duff.[3] He became a research associate professor at the University of Rochester where he stayed until 1965.[3] The same year, he joined the University of Pennsylvania where he taught physics until 1966.[3] Later, he went to Chicago, Illinois where he joined his brother Fayyazuddin, and theoretical physicists Faheem Hussain and Peter Rottoli. Riazuddin joined University of Chicago's Enrico Fermi Institute where they created the "Relativity Group".[8] In 1968, Riazuddin returned to Pakistan on the request of Salam, and joined Quaid-i-Azam University's Institute of Physics.[9] He was the founding director of the Institute of Physics (IP) where he engaged in research on string theory, the theory of relativity, particle physics and nuclear physics.[8][9] Later, the scientists of the Relativity Group at the Enrico Fermi Institute returned to Pakistan on the request of Salam.[9] In 1970, he returned to the United States where he became Professor of Mathematics at the University of Maryland.[6] Riazuddin left the United States for Italy as he was asked by Salam to join the International Centre for Theoretical Physics in 1970.[6] He was joined by other students of Salam where they created a Theoretical Physics Group at the ICTP. In 1971, Riazuddin traveled to the United Kingdom to join the Daresbury Nuclear Physics Laboratory where he was joined by Michael Duff.[6] At Daresbury, he became senior research associate.[6] There, Riazuddin gained expertise and specialised in nuclear physics.[6] At Daresbury, he trained British scientists in the field of nuclear physics.[6]
In 1981, he became visiting professor of physics and mathematics at the University of Iowa and Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, now Virginia Tech.[3] In 1982, Riazuddin came back to Pakistan where he joined Quaid-e-Azam University as a professor of theoretical physics.[3] In 1982, Riazuddin also went to Saudi Arabia where he joined King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals and became Chairman of the Department of Mathematics and Statistics and also taught physics at the Department of Physics. In 1983, Riazuddin, along with Asghar Qadir, went to Trieste, Italy, to join the International Centre for Theoretical Physics. Both scientists joined Salam where they continued research in their fields. In 1998, Riazuddin left King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals and returned to Pakistan to rejoin PAEC.[6]
Scientific researchEdit
During his post-graduate research, Riazuddin made contributions to mathematical physics, as he was highly interested in complex mathematical series, and its relation to modern physics. In 1959, Riazuddin was the first physicist to use the dispersion relation for Compton scattering of virtual photons on pions to analyse their charge radius.[10] For this contribution, he was awarded the doctorate in physics (theoretical) by Cambridge University. He seldom published papers, preferring long correspondences with his brother Fayyazuddin, mentor Abdus Salam, and colleagues including Asghar Qadir, Michael Duff, and Masud Ahmad. During the 1960s, he associated himself with complex mathematical applications of nuclear physics. In 1960, Riazuddin used Nucleon-nucleon dispersion relation to discriminate proton-proton scattering in pseudoscalar mesons.[11] In 1965, Riazuddin carried out the pioneering work on vector currents, in which he showed the discrepancy between μ-decay and the constant gravity, and the strong interaction renormalisation of the Beta (β)-decay.[12]
The same year, the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission, partnering with the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission, sponsored Riazuddin to undertake further research. Along with Munir Ahmad Rashid and Fayyazuddin, Riazuddin realised that the physical baryons are considered broken in special unitary groups, symmetric groups and the tensor product.[13] The relevant papers were submitted at the United States Atomic Energy Commission. In 1967, at the Fermi Institute, Riazuddin, with his brother Fayyazuddin, carried out research in the field of current algebra, where they applied the mathematical framework of current algebra in the applications of radiative decays of mesons.[14]
In 1982, Riazuddin and Fayyazuddin published a pioneering work on K mesons. Riazuddin postulated that radioactive decay in K mesons have almost vanished when chiral symmetry is introduced. After the introduction, the symmetries break the Standard Model of particle physics, even when the contribution from penguin diagrams is included.[15]
From 1972, Riazuddin made pioneering research on neutrinos— an elusive particle postulated by Wolfgang Pauli in 1930. In 1972, Riazuddin and Fayyazuddin were the first to post mathematical frameworks of Current-algebra in neutrino scattering to determine the Scale invariance of Chiral symmetry breaking the Hamiltonian Quantum Mechanics.[16] In 1987, Riazuddin and Fayyazuddin theorised that it is possible get light-neutrino masses in the range of a few electron volts by equalising the masses of superheavy neutrinos in background independence (universality).[17]
In 2000, Riazuddin began his research in the series unsolved problems in physics. In 2005, at the National Center for Physics (NCP), Riazuddin presented his papers on neutrinos where he provided the mathematical framework of the neutrinos. Neutrinos have heavier masses but the neutrino oscillations do not completely identify the overall scale of their exact masses because they are exceedingly tiny. To determine the exact masses, Riazuddin introduced the laws of limits, as he realised there was a limit, to the electron energy spectra in tritium β-decay. In 2007, Riazuddin introduced SU(3) symmetry in the theory of double beta decay. He postulated the light neutrinos formed a triplet state in a SU(3) symmetry during the process. In 2008, Riazuddin pointed out that the neutrino mass has μ and τ symmetry and the Lepton number remains constant, a new type of Seesaw mechanism is formed, the so-called Riazuddin's Seesaw Model, the Dirac mass matrix provided the Yukawa coupling to follow the Majorana fermion to satisfy the Leptogenesis asymmetry. Riazuddin proposed that this interaction can be avoided when two of the heavy right-hand neutrinos are (nearly) degenerate.[citation needed]
In 2009, Riazuddin published a mathematical theory of the non-standard model, and its brief extensions to τ (tau) particles — particles that are similar to electrons with negative electric charge.[18] In an experiment performed at the Synchrotron light source installed at the National Center for Physics (NCP), now the Abdus Salam Centre for Physics, Riazuddin observed the decay of the Tau particle, in which he theorised that hadronisation vector currents and axial vectors can be used to study the implicit properties and functions of hadronic resonances, together with Chiral symmetry.[18] These natural elements can be assigned to the parts' weak current that the strong nuclear interaction conserves.[18] With the introduction of such elementary particles, it became critical to study the particle elements that hold the weak interaction.[18]
1971 war and atomic bomb projectEdit
During his stay at PAEC, Riazuddin and Fayyazuddin were central figures of Pakistan's atomic program during the early and critical years. In December 1972, Riazuddin returned to Pakistan on the request of Salam.[19] Salam asked Riazuddin to report to Munir Ahmad Khan — chairman of the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission at that time.[20] At PAEC, Salam assigned Riazuddin to his Theoretical Physics Group (TPG).[21] The Theoretical Physics Group took research in fast neutron calculations — how neutrons moved in a nuclear chain reaction – the theory simultaneity — how would fission weapon would detonated from several points at the same point during the detonation process – and hydrodynamics – how the explosion produced by a chain reaction might behave – and what kind of and how much fissile material and reflectors would be used.[22] Salam had attracted theoretical physicists who worked under Riazuddin despite his younger age. Riazuddin was among the scientists who attended the Multan meeting that was managed by Salam and convened by Pakistan President Zulfikar Ali Bhutto. After the meeting, Salam took Riazuddin, with Munir Ahmad Khan, to Bhutto's residence in Islamabad where the scientists briefed Bhutto about the development of the nuclear weapons programme.[23]
Although Salam had traveled to the United States to evade the Indo-Pakistani war of 1971, he returned to Pakistan with stacks of historical books on the Manhattan Project in December 1971.[24] In December 1973, the University of Maryland offered him a fellowship, and on the advice of Salam, Riazuddin went to United States.[25] There, he became a senior research scientist at the University of Maryland, and obtained the open-source information on the "Manhattan Project" from the Library of Congress.[26] Riazuddin carefully studied American theoretical physicist J. Robert Oppenheimer's approach to develop the first implosion device, and made further advances on Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff limit, Oppenheimer-Phillips process, Born–Oppenheimer approximation.
After his return from the United States, Riazuddin was inducted into the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC) as member (technical).[27] In 1974, he began to take research with the TPG, and began one of the pioneering member of the TPG.[28] In 1973, Raziddin Siddiqui formed the Mathematical Physics Group (MPG) which closely collaborated with Theoretical Physics Group.[29] Riazuddin called his mathematician friend Asghar Qadir, who specialised in special relativity under Riazuddin and Salam, to join the Mathematical Physics Group. Later in his career, Qadir published a college text book on theory of special relativity. Shortly after the India surprise nuclear test — Pokhran-I, Munir Ahmad Khan called for a meeting to initiate the work on atomic bomb.[30] Riazuddin and Salam represented the Theoretical Physics Group (TPG), and it was decided to develop the implosion method for the first device.[31] During the meeting, the word "bomb" was never used; instead academic scientists preferred to use the scientific research rationale.[32] The Theoretical Physics Group began its research and directly reported to Abdus Salam.[33]
In 1977 both MPG and TPG scientists completed the design and calculation of an atomic bomb.[34] Along with Qadir, Riazuddin continued to develop the theoretical designs of the atomic weapon during 1978.[35] In 1982 the PAEC finally developed the device under the leadership of Munir Ahmad Khan.[36] The PAEC carried out the first cold-test of the TPG's theoretical design by May 1983 at Kirana Hills. The test teams were headed by Ishfaq Ahmad, a nuclear physicist, and Munir Ahmad Khan supervised the testings.[37]
Riazuddin later disclosed that he worked as part of the team, under Abdus Salam, that worked on designs for Pakistan's nuclear explosive device. As he explained:
" "We were the designers of the bomb, like the tailor who tells you how much of the material is required to stitch a suit. We had to identify the fissile material, whether to use plutonium or...enriched uranium, which method of detonation, which explosive, which type of tampers and lenses to use, how material will be compressed, how shock waves will be created, what would be the yield." Riazuddin also disclosed that since Pakistan found it difficult to manufacture beryllium reflectors, the first nuclear explosive device designed by the "Theoretical Physics Group" used Uranium-238 as a reflector.[38][26] "
Riazuddin also worked in a neutron particle accelerator at PAEC. In 2000, Riazuddin retired from PAEC as a chief scientist. In the same year, he was elected as Fellow of the Third World Academy of Sciences and Fellow of the Islamic World Academy of Sciences (IAS). Riazuddin was also a visiting scientist at CERN.
Legacy and fameEdit
Riazuddin was an internationally known theoretical physicist. He had made contributions with CERN's Large Hadron Collider (LHC). At CERN, he was a widely respected theoretician. Riazuddin is the recipient of Pakistan's highest civil awards: Tamgha-i-Imtiaz, Sitara-i-Imtiaz, Hilal-i-Imtiaz. He is one of the Pakistani scientists who were very close to Pakistani Prime Minister Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto and Abdus Salam. At PAEC, Riazuddin had closely worked with another noted Pakistani theoretical physicist Masud Ahmad (late). Later in life, he worked as a professor of theoretical physics and neutrino physics at the National University of Sciences and Technology, in Islamabad.
He had also been the director of the Riazuddin National Center for Physics,[39] also at Quaid-e-Azam University. He was most famous for his TPG Group work Riazuddin and his team of theoretical physicists are widely credited to have developed and designed Pakistan's nuclear weapon devices.
On 26 April 2009, a day-long conference was held in Islamabad to pay tribute to an eminent research scientist and theoretical physicist, Riazuddin. The conference was organised by National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST) and Riazuddin National Centre for Physics (RNCP). In the conference, Masud Ahmad, who is also the student of his, said:
"Prof. Riaz always put in his best efforts to obtain original results while working on various issues related to science and technology".
NUST Rector, Engr. Muhammad Asghar also paid tributes to him and said:
"Prof. Riazuddin has a very strong and professional background in the field of Physics. He achieved many distinctions and awards from national as well as international institutes, which includes Tamgha-e-Imtiaz, Sitara-i-Imtiaz and Hilal-e-Imtiaz and awards from UNESCO, Economic Cooperation Organization and COMSTECH Prize in Physics".
Institutes named after RiazuddinEdit
Riazuddin National Center for Physics, Quaid-e-Azam University, in Islamabad.[citation needed]
Publications and scientific articlesEdit
BibliographyEdit
Theory of Weak Interaction in Particle Physics, John Wiley, New York, 1969. (Written jointly with R. E. Marshak and C. P. Ryan).
Quantum Mechanics, World Scientific, Singapore, 1990. (Written jointly with Fayyazuddin).
A Modern Introduction to Particle Physics, World Scientific, Singapore, 1994. (Written jointly with Fayyazuddin).
Contemporary Physics: Proceedings of the International Symposium (written jointly with Faheem Hussain, Jamil Aslam, Riazuddin
Physics and contemporary needs. Vol.5 by Riazuddin, Asghar Qadir
Physics and Contemporary Needs. Written and edited by Riazuddin
Selected Papers of Abdus Salam, with Commentary by A. Ali, Abdus Salam, Fayyazuddin, Riazuddin.
Modern Introduction to Particle Physics (vol. 2), by Fayyazuddin and Riazuddin
Radiative D* decay using vector meson dominance by Riazuddin and Fayyazuddin
On the gluon dipole penguin contribution to nonleptonic hyperon decays. By Riazuddin and N. Paver
* Mathematical Physics, jointly written with Faheem Hussain, Riazuddin, Asghar Qadir, Mohammad Jamil Aslam, Hamid Saleem.
Scientific articlesEdit
The Role of Great Equations in Life by Riazuddin, Riazuddin National Center of Physics.
Tribimaximal mixing and leptogenesis in a seesaw model, Riazuddin, Islamabad.
Dirac equation in (1+2) dimensions for quasi-particles in graphene and quantum field theory of their Coulomb interaction. Riazuddin, Riazuddin National Center for Physics.
(SU) × U(1) model for electroweak unification and sterile neutrinos. Jointly written with Riazuddin and Fayyazuddin.
An SU(3) symmetry for light neutrinos, Riazuddin
Branching Ratio and CP-asymmetry for B→ gamma decays, jointly written with M. Jamil Aslam and Riazuddin
Neutrino flavour mixing in an SU(3) symmetry for light neutrinos. Published by Riazuddin
Neutrinos: recent developments and origin of neutrino mass matrix, Riazuddin (May 2004)
Role of Mathematics in Physical Sciences, Riazuddin (February 2004)
Some comments on narrow resonances. By Fayyazuddin and Riazuddin (September 2003)
Neutrino Mass Matrix with Approximate Flavor Symmetry, Riazuddin (July 2003)
Particle Aspects of Cosmology and Baryogenesis, Riazuddin (February 2003)
Role of lepton flavor violating (LFV) muon decay in Seesaw model and LSND by M. Jamil Aslam and Riazuddin(September 2002)
Role of gauge invariance in B→v gamma radiative weak decays, Riazuddin (October 2001)
The ∑ and τ in D and B decays, jointly written, N. Paver and Riazuddin (July 2001)
Potential Models for Radiative Rare B Decays, Saeed Ahmad and Riazuddin (January 2001)
Off-diagonal structure of neutrino mass matrix in see-saw mechanism and electron-muon-tau lepton universality, Riazuddin (July 2000)
Two body non-leptonic $Lambda_b$ decays in quark model with factorization ansatz, published, Fayyazuddin and Riazuddin (February 1998)
Double Counting Ambiguities in the Linear Sigma Model by A. Bramon, Riazuddin and M. D. Scadron (September 1997)
Vector Meson Exchanges and CP Asymmetry in, Riazuddin, N. Paver and F. Simeoni
^ "Riazuddin November 10, 1930 — September 09, 2013". AIP Scitation. doi:10.1063/pt.5.6019. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
^ Qadir, Asghar (2014). "Riazuddin: In Memoriam". Physica Scripta. 89 (8): 080401. Bibcode:2014PhyS...89h0401Q. doi:10.1088/0031-8949/89/8/080401. ISSN 0031-8949.
^ a b c d e f g Islamic Academy of Sciences, IAS (2000). "Professor Riazuddin". IAS Fellows. Islamic Academy of Sciences. Archived from the original on 14 February 2013. Retrieved 20 August 2018.
^ a b "Prof. Riazuddin". King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals. King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals. 1996. Archived from the original on 28 July 2011. Retrieved 20 August 2018.
^ a b Fayyazuddin. "Prof. Abdus Salam, As I know him" (PDF). NCP. National Center for Physics. Retrieved 20 August 2018.
^ a b c d e f g h i j (PAS), Pakistan Academy of Sciences (1959). "Riazuddin". Pakistan Academy of Sciences. Pakistan Academy of Sciences. Archived from the original on 30 September 2011. Retrieved 20 August 2018.
^ Riazuddin at the Mathematics Genealogy Project
^ a b Riazuddin, As I know him, Masud Ahmad, tribute papers presented at Center for Advanced Mathematics and Physics of National University of Science and Technology (NUST).
^ a b c Hussain, Faheem. "The Theoretical Physics Group (TPG) at Quaid-i-Azam University" (pdf). Theoretical Physics Group. National Center for Physics. Retrieved 20 August 2018.
^ Riazuddin (1959). "Charge Radius of Pion". Physical Review. 114 (4): 1184–1186. Bibcode:1959PhRv..114.1184R. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.114.1184.
^ Riazuddin (1964). "Electromagnetic Violation of Conservation of Vector Current". Physical Review. 134 (1B): 235–239. Bibcode:1964PhRv..134..235R. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.134.B235.
^ Riazuddin (1961). "Low-Energy p-p Scattering Phase Shifts and Dispersion Relations". Physical Review. 121 (5): 1509–1512. Bibcode:1961PhRv..121.1509R. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.121.1509.
^ Riazuddin; Fayyazuddin; Rashid, M. (1961). "Two Types of Baryons in Broken (SU3)L⊗(SU3)R Symmetry". Physical Review. 1140 (6B): 1653–1654. Bibcode:1965PhRv..140.1653R. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.140.B1653.
^ Riazuddin & Fayyazuddin (1967). "Current Algebra and Radiative Decays of Mesons". Physical Review. 18 (17): 715–719. Bibcode:1967PhRvL..18..715F. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.18.715.
^ Riazuddin & Fayyazuddin (1985). "K2π decays". Physical Review. 32 (7): 1720–1724. Bibcode:1985PhRvD..32.1720R. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.32.1720.
^ Riazuddin & Fayyazuddin (1985). "K2π decays". Physical Review. 5 (10): 2641–2649. Bibcode:1972PhRvD...5.2641F. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.5.2641.
^ Riazuddin & Fayyazuddin (1987). "Neutrino masses and electron–muon–τ-lepton universality". Physical Review. 35 (7): 2201–2205. Bibcode:1987PhRvD..35.2201F. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.35.2201.
^ a b c d Riazuddin (2009). "Non-standard interactions" (PDF). NCP 5th Particle Physics Sypnoisis. Islamabad: Riazuddin, Head of High-Energy Theory Group at National Center for Physics. 1 (1): 1–25.
^ Rahman 1998, pp. 30–31
^ Rahman 1998, pp. 31
^ a b Rahman 1998, pp. 39–40
^ Shahid-Ur-, Rehman; Nuclear Threat Initiative (NTI) (1999). "A Tale of Two Scientists". Long Road To Chagai. Islamabad, Pakistan: Print Wise Publication. pp. 39–40. Archived from the original on 18 September 2011. Retrieved 20 August 2018.
^ "ICTP Director in Pakistan". www.ictp.it. ICTP. 6 July 2005. Archived from the original on 3 July 2017. Retrieved 3 July 2017. CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link)
Rahman, Shahid (1998). "§Development of Weapons". In Rahman, Shahid (ed.). Long Road to Chagai. Islamabad, Pakistan: Printwise publication. p. 157. ISBN 969-8500-00-6.
https://web.archive.org/web/20130214010730/http://www.ias-worldwide.org/profiles/prof89.htm
https://web.archive.org/web/20070914101215/http://www.chowk.com/articles/4104
https://web.archive.org/web/20081210103648/http://www.ncp.edu.pk/newsletters/Vol1-1/ncpvol1-1_details.htm
http://www.ncp.edu.pk/docs/iscp/ISCP%20Summary.pdf
http://www.thenews.com.pk/daily_detail.asp?id=174421
ICTP Page on Riazuddin
CERN Page on Riazuddin
CERN-Courier Page on Riazuddin
Quantum Mechanics, World Scientific, by Riazuddin and Fayyazuddin
Neutrinos by Riazuddin
Scientific publications of Riazuddin on INSPIRE-HEP
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Riazuddin_(physicist)&oldid=934285696"
Last edited on 5 January 2020, at 18:49

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Effective management of energy-consuming systems can lead to significant cost and energy savings as well as increased comfort, lower maintenance costs, and extended equipment life. A successful energy management program begins with a thorough commercial energy audit.
The commercial energy audit evaluates the efficiency of all building and process systems that use energy.
With utility meters, locating all energy sources coming into a facility.
The auditor then identifies energy streams for each fuel, quantifies those energy streams into discrete functions, evaluates the efficiency of each of those functions, and identifies energy and cost savings opportunities.
The energy streams lead to the end-use areas, products, processes and work stations.
The use and occupancy of the building.
The condition of the building and building systems equipment.
The report also recommends ways to improve efficiency through improvements in operation and maintenance items (O&M), and through installation of energy conservation measures (ECM).
It also gives you a benchmark to base your buildings' portfolio against national averages.


it's time you felt like that again."
There's nothing like the child-like joy of Christmas morning! Everything is new and fresh and waiting to be unwrapped by eager little hands. Life can be like that every day. The world awaits us, and we approach, uncertain of what we will find in store for us. Each day is a present, filled with present moments. Indulge!


text:
Nessa Barrett | Bio, Age, Height, Net Worth (2020), TikTok |
Sam Williams	Updated On January 15, 2022
Facts of Nessa Barrett
Nessa Barrett
Sagittarius, Gemini, Aries
Absecon, New Jersey
one (brother: Julian)
TikTok Star, YouTuber
Hip Size:
View more / View less Facts of Nessa Barrett
Nessa Barrett is an American social media celebrity, actress, and model. Nessa Barrett is known for sharing her dancing, lip-syncs, comedy mimics, and entertaining videos on her TikTok account.
Similarly, she also has a self-titled YouTube channel where she holds around 519K videos.
1 What is Nessa Barrett famous for?
2 How old is Nessa Barrett? Bio, Age, Nationality, Ethnicity, Parents
4 Education Details
5 All About her Career
6 Net Worth (2020) and Salary
7 Is Nessa Barrett single? Boyfriend?
8 How tall is Nessa Barrett? Weight?
9 Social Media Appearance
What is Nessa Barrett famous for?
An American social media celebrity, actress, and model.
Known for sharing her dancing, lip-syncs, comedy mimics, and entertaining videos.
How old is Nessa Barrett? Bio, Age, Nationality, Ethnicity, Parents
Nessa Barrett was born on August 6, 2002, in Absecon, New Jersey, the USA. She is 18 years old as of 2020. She is American by her nationality and belongs to Puerto Rican ethnicity. Similarly, her zodiac sign is Leo.
Talking about her family, there is n detailed information about her father and mother. As per her siblings, she has a younger brother named Julian who has appeared in several of her TikTok videos.
Caption: Nessa Barrett ( Source: Pinterest)
Know about Grian | Bio, Age, Wiki, Net Worth(2020), Affair, Height, Dating, Games, Parents |
How old is Nessa Barrett?- Nessa Barrett was born on August 6, 2002, in Absecon, New Jersey, the USA. She is 18 years old as of 2020.
What ethnicity is Nessa Barrett?- She belongs to Puerto Rican ethnicity
How tall is Nessa Barrett?- She has a height of 5 feet 3 inches
What is Nessa Barrett's net worth?- According to the data of 2020, her estimated net worth is around $305K.
Talking about her educational background, there is no detailed information about her educational background. She has not shared any information about her qualifications.
All About her Career
Talking about her carer, she gave start to her career as a TikTok Star. She created her TikTok account under the username @nessaabarrett on March 26, 2019. Her first video was set to 'Piano', audio by @xavesaugust. After that, she started posting comics, dance, and lip-syncs videos on her TikTok account. She often makes lip-sync videos with rap and pop songs on her TikTok.
Furthermore, she also has used songs like 'Pumpkins Scream at the Dead of Night' by Savage Ga$p (ft. Shinigami), 'Are You Bored Yet?' by Wallows (ft. Clairo), and 'Moana' by Yung Manny for her content. Likewise, she has also collaborated with other TikTok stars such as @heckaadian, @jacksonfelt, and @dylanxhartman. She has more than 11.8 million followers on her TikTok account. By sharing entertaining videos she has amassed more than 83.5 million likes.
Moreover, she also has a self-titled YouTube channel that she created on August 13th, 2018. She has posted around 6 videos on her channel until now. Some of her popular videos are Nessa Barrett – Pain [Official Music Video], Nessa Barrett – Pain [Live Acoustic], Nessa Barrett – if u love me [Official Music Video]. These videos have gathered millions of views. She has more than 519K subscribers on her channel.
Know about Jimmy Crute Bio, Wiki, UFC, Record, Net Worth, Girlfriend, Instagram
Net Worth (2020) and Salary
Talking about her income, as a YouTube and TikTok star, she has earned a good amount of money for her living. According to the data of 2020, her estimated net worth is around $305K.
Similarly, according to the social blade, she earns $833 – $13.3K monthly and $10K – $159.9K yearly from her YouTube channel.
Is Nessa Barrett single? Boyfriend?
The current relationship status of Nessa Barrett is single. Previously, she was in a relationship with a guy named Josh Richards. They started dating in October 2019. They used to share their together pictures on their respective social media handles. However, they got separated in June 2020. Since then, she has not introduced any gu as her boyfriend.
How tall is Nessa Barrett? Weight?
She has a height of 5 feet 3 inches and weighs around 52 kilos. She has beautiful hazel eyes with stunning brown hair. Similarly, she has maintained a good body shape of 36-24-37 inches for her breast size, waist size, and hip size respectively. Her shoe size is 5 (US).
Social Media Appearance
She is active on social sites such as Instagram and Twitter. She has more than 3.9 million followers on Instagram and over 1.4 million followers on Twitter.
Know about Sharon Leal ( American Actress and Singer) Bio, Wiki, Age, Career, Net Worth, Parents, Movies
Tagged:American TikTok starYouTube
Related Posts of Nessa Barrett | Bio, Age, Height, Net Worth (2020), TikTok |


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Fun Size Episode 6 – Open Carry Nunchuck Movement
Posted on February 24, 2016 by Mike Gillis
In the wake of injury, scheduling issues, and technical problems, we will sadly not be able to give you our regularly scheduled panel episode. However, we can give you another Fun Sized dose of off-topic nonsense!
We sit down with Rebecca Friedman — again — for a talk about weird local insurance ads, superhero cartoons starring M.C. Hammer, and forthcoming return of Star Trek to television.
And seriously, don't bring your ninja weapons on the White House tour, bro.
http://media.radiovsthemartians.com/RadioVMartiansFunsizeEp6.mp3
This entry was posted in New Episode and tagged agents of shield, battlestar galactica, bill clinton, breaking bad, british columbia planet, doctor who, ernest goes to camp, fun size, galaxy quest, hammerman, jim varney, jj abrams, mc hammer, michaelangelo, nick fury, no nunchucks in the white house, norman, nunchaku, nunchucks, peewee herman, peewee's playhouse, pornography, rebecca friedman, rifftrax, roslyn townsend, sad sack mr. bean, samuel l jackson, saul goodman, star trek, stargate atlantis, teenage mutant ninja turtles, the expanse, thundercats, transformers, vern fonk insurance, white house, x-files, you have my nunchucks by Mike Gillis. Bookmark the permalink.
10 thoughts on "Fun Size Episode 6 – Open Carry Nunchuck Movement"
Pól Rua on February 24, 2016 at 9:25 PM said:
On the topic of odd advertising characters, I have to introduce you to the sublime Brian Butterfield, the creation of the equally sublime Peter Serafinowicz.
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLBDF0652839A7C6FF
Vegar on February 24, 2016 at 9:44 PM said:
I am Quite Disappointed that in an episode about Nunchucks, There was not a Single mention of the Greatest weapon in the Universe: "The Nunchuck Gun". Actually, that raises the question, Would that be allowed in the White house?
Mike Gillis on February 24, 2016 at 11:13 PM said:
Is that a gun that fires nunchucks?
Vegar on February 25, 2016 at 1:43 AM said:
You disappoint me son, Look up "dangeresque" sometime.
Mike Gillis on February 25, 2016 at 1:18 PM said:
Oh, man. I haven't thought about Strong Bad in years… I just had a flashback.
Pól Rua on February 24, 2016 at 10:18 PM said:
Speaking of nunchucks in the White House… from 'Black Dynamite'.
http://vignette3.wikia.nocookie.net/legendsofthemultiuniverse/images/a/a7/Richardnixon1.jpg/revision/latest?cb=20130812151737
For those curious, the weirdness that is Vern Fonk:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fplj61Y5QME
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9XtXm_FT1vY
And so far, the only evidence that I didn't just make up the nunchucks thing. An archived White House Tours page from the 1990s:
http://clinton4.nara.gov/WH/Tours/visitors_center.html
Casey on February 25, 2016 at 9:11 AM said:
I just wanted to point out that, yes, you can replace Robin Williams in a TV show. Dan Castellaneta, the voice of Homer Simpsons, played Genie in the Aladdin animated TV show.
So, yes, it can be done.
Edo Bosnar on February 25, 2016 at 11:31 AM said:
Heh, I'm unfamiliar with Mr. Fonk, but any time the topic of colorful Pacific NW personalities on low-budget local TV commercials comes up, I can't help but think of the ubiquitous (well, for anyone living in the wider Portland, OR environs) Tom Peterson.
Sarah on February 25, 2016 at 11:33 AM said:
Speaking of comedic users of nunchucks:
https://youtu.be/gYvw68IneV4


text:
Q: Validacion previa usando el formulario de CreateView Estoy usando las vistas genéricas de Django para registrar/ingresar un producto, la idea o la duda es como puedo evaluar previamente dicho formulario enviado a su vista, mi código para crear es el siguiente:
class CrearProducto(CreateView):

    model = Producto
    form_class = ProductoForm
    template_name = "administrador/crear_producto.html"
    success_url = "/productos/administrar_productos"

@receiver(post_save, sender=Producto)
def GrabarMovimientos(sender, instance, *args, **kwargs ):

    producto_actual = Producto.objects.get(nombre=instance.nombre)

    movimiento = Movimientos(
        tipo = 1,
        proveedor = instance.proveedor,
        producto = producto_actual,
        bodega = instance.bodega,
        vunitario_promedio = float(instance.precio),
        #responsable = usuario,
        vunitario_compra = float(instance.precio),
        cant_ingreso = instance.cantidad,
        tot_ingreso = float(instance.cantidad) * float(instance.precio),
        tot_saldo = float(instance.cantidad) * float(instance.precio),
        cant_saldo = instance.cantidad,
    )
    movimiento.save()

En la vista CreateView guardo los productos lo cual hace bien una vez grabado los datos realizo un callback a GrabarMovimientos esta se encarga de registrar un movimiento para el manejo de Kardex, también lo hace bien, la cuestión es cómo validar dentro del CreateView que cumpla con ciertos requisitos, dentro de mi formulario uso la cantidad la cual no debe exceder cierto límite definido previamente.
Esta es la validación que me gustaría hacer, si cumple la validacion guardarla caso contrario retornar el formulario con un mensaje de error.
Actualizacion
Este sería el código de mi formulario:
class ProductoForm(forms.ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = Producto
        fields =[
            'nombre',
            'imagen',
            'descripcion',
            'precio',
            'iva_1',
            'iva_2',
            'iva_3',
            'cantidad',
            'cantidad_minima',
            'codigo',
            'cod_auxiliar',
            'medida',
            'bodega',
            'espacio',
            'proveedor',
            'categoria',
            'estado',
            'lote',
            'fec_fabricacion',
            'fec_caducidad',
        ]
        labels = {
            'nombre':'Nombre',
            'imagen':'Imagen',
            'descripcion':'Descripción',
            'precio':'Precio',
            'iva_1':'Impuesto 1',
            'iva_2':'Impuesto 2',
            'iva_3':'Impuesto 3',
            'cantidad':'Cantidad',
            'cantidad_minima':'Stock  minimo',
            'codigo':'Código Fabricante',
            'cod_auxiliar': 'Código Auxiliar',
            'medida':'Medida',
            'bodega':'Bodega',
            'espacio':'Espacio',
            'proveedor':'Proveedor',
            'categoria':'Categorias',
            'estado':'Estado',
            'lote': 'Lote',
            'fec_fabricacion': 'Fec. Fabricación',
            'fec_caducidad':'Fec. Caducidad',
        }
        widgets = {
            'nombre':forms.TextInput(attrs={"class":"text-capitalize form-control", 'required':'required'}),
            'descripcion':forms.TextInput(attrs={"class":"form-control", 'required':'required'}),
            'precio': forms.TextInput(attrs={"class": "form-control", 'required':'required'}),
            #'iva': forms.TextInput(attrs={'class': 'form-control input-sm', 'required':'required'}),
            'cantidad':forms.TextInput(attrs={"class":"form-control", 'required':'required'}),
            'cantidad_minima':forms.TextInput(attrs={"class":"form-control", 'required':'required'}),
            'codigo':forms.TextInput(attrs={"class":"form-control", 'required':'required'}),
            'cod_auxiliar':forms.TextInput(attrs={"class":"form-control", 'required':'required'}),
            'medida':forms.Select(attrs={"class":"form-control", 'required':'required'}),
            'bodega':forms.Select(attrs={"class":"form-control", 'required':'required'}),
            'espacio': forms.Select(attrs={"class": "form-control", 'required': 'required'}),
            'proveedor':forms.Select(attrs={"class":"form-control", 'required':'required'}),
            'lote': forms.TextInput(attrs={"class": "form-control", 'required':'required'}),
            'fec_fabricacion': forms.TextInput(attrs={"class": "form-control", 'required':'required', 'type':'date'}),
            'fec_caducidad': forms.TextInput(attrs={"class": "form-control", 'required':'required', 'type':'date'}),
            'estado': forms.Select(attrs={"class": "form-control"})
        }

La cantidad del producto debe validarse en base a un parámetro establecido en espacio del productos. El modelo es:
class Espacio(models.Model):

    nombre = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    descripcion = models.CharField(max_length=300)
    codigo = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    fila = models.ForeignKey(Fila, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    columna = models.ForeignKey(Columna, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    cantidad_minima = models.IntegerField(null=True)
    cantidad_maxima = models.IntegerField(null=True)
    estado = models.IntegerField(choices=estado_choices, default=Activo)

    #def __str__(self):
    #    return self.nombre +self.fila + self+columna
    def __str__(self):
        return '%s Fila(%s) Columna(%s)' % (self.nombre, self.fila, self.columna)

A: Puedes usar el método clean() del formulario para validarlo:
class ProductoForm(forms.ModelForm):
    # ...

    def clean(self):
        cleaned_data = super(ProductoForm, self).clean()
        cantidad = cleaned_data.get('cantidad')
        espacio_id = cleaned_data.get('espacio')

        # En este punto no estoy seguro si "espacio" contiene el ID del espacio
        # o un objeto. Si es un ID entonces puedes hacer un query a la base de
        # datos
        espacio = Espacio.objects.get(id=espacio_id)

        if cantidad < espacio.cantidad_minima or cantidad > espacio.cantidad_maxima:
            raise forms.ValidationError(
                'La cantidad no es correcta'
            )

Ahora, ten en cuenta que los errores creados desde el método clean() son accesibles desde form.non_field_errrors. Por lo tanto, en tu template deberías mostrarlos así:
{% if form.non_field_errors %}
    {% for error in form.non_field_errors %}
        {{ error }}
    {% endfor %}
{% endif %}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Game situation review: September 5, 2015
The first season of the release version of the game has come to an end several days ago. Although it was not complete, players have already managed to build inpregnable strongholds, defeat less fortunate strongholds of others, and even experience a lot of interaction with each other in their mutual interest.
There are 9 opened sectors at the moment:
In our previous Early Preview reviews, we registered only top 10 players, though this time we have many more of them, so we'll do the Top 30:
The Expansion Rank August leader is chris (GCL 7), AzuraStar (GCL 7) follows him closely. The common thing about them is that they both have wiped the bronze leader DarkTrooper7 (GCL 7).
Therefore, DarkTrooper7 has become the most often killed player among the leading players, and besides, his defeat became the first military cooperation. Here are some screens of this battle:
It's noteworthy that Rumatah (GCL 5) has travelled very far to carry out his attack, so that his creeps had only 100-200 ticksTiLive left as he approached his target. Rumatah's other thrust against aggressor qthree (GCL 3) from a recently opened sector W15N5 resulted in a very close and equally successful attack.
Later on, chris focused on upgrading his controller and wasn't seen in any battles. Now he's been occupying some distant parts of the map:
After the sector E15N5 was opened, AzuraStar immediately tried to claim it, but DarkTrooper7 moved out to prevent it - and an epic battle broke out, AzuraStar vs DarkTrooper7:
After this battle, AzuraStar was keeping watch for long, amassing forces through two highways into his new base being built in E14N1. And now both AzuraStar and chris peacefully coexist in sector E15N5, while DarkTrooper7 possesses 5 rooms in it.
As DarkTrooper7 and NhanHo (GCL 6) have been staying without rampart defense for quite a long time, they didn't go on to attack each other. But Ranger (GCL 4) in E16N7-E18N7 for example was defeated. This sector is likely to become very hot soon.
AzuraStar has chosen the tactics of very sparse rooms. Their positions are consistent - near centers of different sectors, which has its pros and cons. His expansion into E5S5 also resulted in a fight, and this time it was halted by QzarSTB (GCL 6). This provoked an attack and destruction of a newfangled QzarSTB's base in W4N18.
Later on, rooms were restored from both directions. Now QzarSTB holds one of the strongest positions and is a leader in the number of extensions.
Totally, there are 10 rooms of level 8, but soon there will be dozens of them.
Another sector where AzuraStar has placed his branch, this time silently, is W5S5 (W6S3). It's noteworthy that his neighbours have badges with similar colors, which implies an alliance. Waveofbabies (GCL 5), Vertigan (GCL 5) and KEVIN (GCL 4) have already cleansed this sector of several other players. Red-white-blue badges are likely to multiply even more in this sector after the GCL increase.
One of the main aspects of the game is players cooperation. In future, there will be more interaction opportunities. Meanwhile, theAEmix (GCL 5) is the most notable in this regard:
Firstly, he was assisting AzuraStar in developing the room E3S4 by delivering energy from adjacent rooms.
Secondly, he himself found a "provider" in DXWarlock (GCL 4) who still sponsors his room E7N1.
Energy is the source of life, and the more effectively it is mined and used, the stronger a player. The transportation method most visible from above is "from hand to hand in a chain." This algorithm is utilized by AzuraStar, QzarSTB, and The_General (GCL 5).
The_General was the first one who endeavoured energy mining from protected sources, and did it pretty well, though currently he has paused his work with keepers. So as for now, nobody dares to face Source Keepers.
The_General's domain looks very impressive due to a dense placement in his only sector E5S5:
These riches once were on the brink of destruction: DarkTrooper7 seized the moment of coma but couldn't make it to the last spawn - The_General revived and repelled his attack.
A modest counterattack followed, but without much success.
The map is getting revealed more and more, players develop by leaps and bounds, new players come, others go or fall into a coma, fight remnants are notable in many places. Here are some scenes:
Soon we plan to launch a new function to playback history of any room. This will allow you to replay and see the most interesting moments on your own.
Waveofbabies September 05, 2015 17:19
Very glad to see y'all are gonna keep doing these! It was a lot of fun to read :D
stanier September 05, 2015 19:50
This was a great read. I didn't know that you guys would do such a thorough analysis of the top players' actions. Really adds to the game's experience
theAEmix September 05, 2015 20:21
Amen, loving the updates. They give the game and its action a much more direct feel. Plus, it is a good opportunity to spread word of the game. I link the summaries to friends any time I am asked about how the game is going.
Would love to see more of them.
Jabberwocky September 06, 2015 06:05
That's interesting to see. The playback functionality will be a great feature for new players too.
Can you give a timeline when the next season will start? Since I got defeated I didn't play and concentrate using the simulator to enhance my code. So most likely will not play this season again but looking forward to the next round.
Anton from Screeps September 07, 2015 06:37
@Jabberwocky: A new season starts on the 1th of each month. The current season top is here: https://screeps.com/a/#!/rank/world. You can use the drop-down list above to view previous seasons tops.
QzarSTB September 08, 2015 10:28
Great to read, already looking forward to next one :)
2016 Roadmap


The slang �burst� has been used to describe a specific Gubson Les Paul. Manufactured from 1958 to 1960. From the dozens of guitar idols, who played it and those fortunate enough to have owned one or more, the Gibson Les Paul sunburst possesses a mystique and magic, not found in any other electric guitar. The Burst Believers collectors edition includes both the Burst Believers and Burst Believers II books, a 16 page 6 x 9 booklet of Burst �outtakes�, 8 Burst collectors guitar picks, all packaged in a custom made Burst slipcase. Limited to only 300 sets.
The slang �burst� has been used to describe a specific Gubson Les Paul. Manufactured from 1958 to 1960. From the dozens of guitar idols, who played it and those fortunate enough to have owned one or more, the Gibson Les Paul sunburst possesses a mystique and magic, not found in any other electric guitar. With its unique sound, spectacular beauty and playability, the burst has shaped the landscape of the blues/rock genre, as we know it today. The �Burst Believers II� in this book, John Sebastian, Mick Taylor, Paul Rodgers, Drew Berlin, Dickey Betts, Randy Bachman, Matthias Jabs, Howard Leese, Paul Warren, Charlie Daniels, Billy Squire, Paul Stanley, Warren Haynes, Gary Rossington, George Gruhn, Berrnie Marsden, Robby Krieger, Phil Keaggy, Rick Vito, Tak Matsumoto, and many more, have been kind enough to share their experienced and stories that you will enjoy reading. From the hundreds of color photographs, to the serial number index make this book a �must� for players and collectors alike.
The holy grail of electric guitars is back for a third time! The impact of this guitar has and continues to shake the music world. From the dozens of guitar idols, who played it and those fortunate enough to have owned one or more, the Gibson Les Paul Sunburst possesses a mystique and magic, not found in any other electric guitar. From the hundreds of color photographs, to the serial number index make this book a �must� for players and collectors alike.
In this edition, Billy Gibbons, Jimmy Page, Jeff Beck, Slash, Eric Clapton, Joe Walsh, Carlos Santana, Joe Perry, Sonny Landreth, Gary Grainger, Ace Frehley, Duff McKagan, Joe Bonamassa, Albert Molinaro, Drew Berlin, Jim McCarty, Deacon Frey, Paul Stanley, Rick Vito, Rick Nielsen, Sid Bishop, John Sykes, Marcus Demi, Dzal Martin, Jack Moore, Billy Squier, Eelco Gelling, Ted Turner, Bernie Marsden, Ed King, Gary Moore, Gary Rossington, Gordon Kennedy, Mike Bloomfield, Rick Hirsch and many more. This is the final book in the Burst Believers series with some of the finest photographs and interesting articles ever seen! 264 pages.
The Martin is considered the finest acoustic guitar in the world, a distinction it has held for more the 160 years. Philip Gura Chronicles the career of Christian Frederick Martin from his humble start as an importer and repairman of musical instruments in New York City in the 1830s through his move to Nazareth, Pennsylvania, and the founding of C.F. Martin & Company. Gura is the first historian to throughly study the Martin company records dating back to the 1830s. Using this rich archive, he establishes how a German immigrant from Saxony's guild tradition became the finest American guitar maker of his time. The many sketches and hundreds of photographs illustrate how Martin adapted his artisanal craft to modern industrial methods. Includes an 80-page color section!


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Uyghur Children Deprived of Parental Love
As countless Xinjiang Muslims continue to be put away in detention, the Chinese authorities are breaking apart families and inflicting severe emotional trauma on children, suffering through unhappy childhoods without parents.
In a heart-wrenching scene from a "transformation through education" camp in Huocheng county of Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture in August, an Uyghur man is visited by his daughter for the first time after he was arrested six months ago.
"Father, your eyes are so big," the 2,5-year-old girl tells her father, leaning against the separating glass in a visiting room as she mouths a kiss at him.
Her father stands up, hoping to get closer to the glass to kiss his daughter, only to be immediately restrained by a guard. He pleads with them, "When I last saw her, the only words she knew were 'Mommy' and 'Daddy.' She can talk now. Let me hug my daughter; just let me give her a kiss." The guard, unmoved by this human tragedy, ignores his pleas.
The man was taken away in April this year and has been sentenced to 15 years in detention. His wife, the girl's mother, was taken away in May and will serve three years in custody. The couple's "crime" was their faith in Islam.
A woman close to the family said that after returning home from visiting her father, the girl kept saying, "Mommy and Daddy are away studying; I want to go study too so that I can see them."
"To hear this form a child is heartbreaking," the woman said, overwhelmed with emotion.
She added that the little girl has an elder brother, but he lives at the school. "His high school is full of teenagers whose parents have been taken away. Without the care and attention of parents, they all live in suffering."
Bitter Winter has previously reported that in Xinjiang's Lop county alone, nearly 2000 Uyghur children were under state supervision after their parents had been taken away; and their number across the province is growing every day.
Tagged With: Detention in China, Muslim Uyghurs
Husband Detained, Wife Raises Three Children Alone
Factories and Hospitals Turned into Internment Camps (Videos)
Xinjiang Woman Struggles to Care for Her Grandchildren
Muslims Forced out of Jobs, in Xinjiang and Beyond


Besides the bride, or groom, and perhaps the dress, the most important decision to make for your wedding is, well, where to have it!
A Tuscan wedding theme is a great way to reflect an Italian heritage. If you or your spouse is not from a region of Tuscany, this item will give a classic and unique decoration for your wedding.
For the sake of this blog, let's pretend that you haven't picked Val Vista Lakes for your Gilbert wedding. If that were the case, these wedding venue search tips should help you find the best venue for you!
Prior to beginning your look for, take a chance to record the most concerns you need to have in position for the venue to be right for you. Also, it's a wise concept to create a 'wish list' that is a record of all the issues you would really like, stuff that can create wedding venue not just ideal, but excellent.


text:
package org.scalatest.fixture

import org.scalatest._

/**
 * MultipleFixtureFeatureSpec has been deprecated and will be removed in a future version of ScalaTest.
 * Please use FixtureFeatureSpec with ConfigMapFixture instead.
 *
 *

 * I deprecated this trait because I decided using explicit calls to with-fixture methods is preferrable to implicitly
 * calling them, as was recommended and made slightly less concise by this trait. You can of course continue to use
 * the implicit conversion approach if you prefer it. To get rid of this deprecation warning,
 * just change "MultipleFixtureFeatureSpec" to "FixtureFeatureSpec with ConfigMapFixture" in your code. - Bill Venners
 *

 */
@deprecated("Use FixtureFeatureSpec with ConfigMapFixture instead")
trait MultipleFixtureFeatureSpec extends FixtureFeatureSpec with ConfigMapFixture

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


It takes a community to keep us running!
If you are looking for a way to experience joy and give joy, you might consider becoming a driver with our Rides Ministry. We have a number of parishioners who need a ride to Sunday services and we need drivers to get them there. Drivers can pick the service and the number of Sundays for which they choose to drive. If interested either in becoming a driver or a rider, email Pat Waugh at patwaugh@cox.net or call (602) 989-1048.


text:
Paradox Hotel Vancouver, anciennement connu sous le nom de , est un gratte-ciel à Vancouver, en Colombie-Britannique, au Canada. D'une hauteur de  188 mètres, il est construit entre 2012 et 2016 et est situé au 1139 West Georgia Street. Il comprend notamment 214 logements et 147 chambres d'hôtel. Il s'agit du second plus haut gratte-ciel du Grand Vancouver après le Living Shangri-La situé juste en face.

Articles connexes
 Liste des plus hauts gratte-ciel de l'agglomération de Vancouver

Notes et références

Gratte-ciel à Vancouver
Gratte-ciel mesurant entre 150 et 199 mètres
Gratte-ciel construit en 2016
Hôtel à Vancouver
Tourisme en Colombie-Britannique
Bâtiment d'Arthur Erickson


The DEC KDJ11-BC is available from Keyways.
The KDJ11-BC is also known as KDJ11BC.
We have over 75,000 parts in our 30,000 square foot warehouse. We repair or exchange most parts we stock. Contact our service department to see if we repair or exchange the DEC KDJ11-BC.


text:
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IAASB on Twitter
The IAASB invites you to join one of three special webinars (English, French and Spanish) covering the recently released Less Complex Entities Discussion Paper https://t.co/z5S1BWu7ek on July 22,2019 (English); July 23, 2019 (French); July 24, 2019 (Spanish) (1 week ago)
Register here: July 22 7:00am – 8:00am EST https://t.co/QE3MNa8Td3 (English) July 23 8:00am – 9:00am EST https://t.co/dfBimKFpix (French) July 24 9:00am – 10:00am EST https://t.co/YOgGuPExcF (Spanish) (1 week ago)
RT @IFAC_SMP: Exploring the Future Options for Audits of Less Complex Entities @IAASB_News @IFAC https://t.co/sh1IUGkmaQ (2 weeks ago)
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NJPAC presents The Gipsy Kings featuring Tonino Baliardo
(NEWARK, NJ) -- New Jersey Performing Arts Center (NJPAC) presents The Gipsy Kings featuring Tonino Baliardo on their Renaissance Tour stopping in Newark, On Sunday, April 30, 2023 at 7:00pm. In the past three decades, the Gipsy Kings have dominated the World Music charts and sold more than 14 million albums worldwide. Their platinum compilation, The Best of the Gipsy Kings, was charting for over a year upon its release and their ninth studio album, Savor Flamenco, was awarded the Grammy for Best World Music Album.
Tonino Baliardo is the founder and leader of Gipsy Kings, but above all he is a guitar virtuoso and a composer recognized worldwide. He composed and produced the greatest hits of the group such as Bamboleo or Djobi Djoba.
Undisputed masters of gypsy music, the group has sold over 20 million albums worldwide and has been awarded numerous gold, platinum and diamond discs, a music victory in 1990 and a Grammy Award in 2013 in the Best World Music category for the album « Savor Flamenco ». He also collaborated on the film The Big Lebowski by remixing "Hotel California," and on Toy Story III, the Disney Pixar animated film with "You've Got a Friend in Me".
Most recently Tonino was awarded a platinum record for his duet with Takagi Ketra and a triple platinum record with Ingobernable in a duet with Tangana.
He has performed in the most prestigious concert halls around the world: Radio City in New York, the Hollywood Bowl or the Greek Theater in Los Angeles, but also the Royal Albert Hall in London or the Olympia in Paris. Tonino said in an interview, "We started in Saint Tropez with our guitars and since then, we have travelled around the world. Music has no borders and our music is universal." This must be the secret to 30 years of success: an eternity in the world of music. If the story written by the Gipsy Kings and Tonino Baliardo draws its sources from the gypsy tradition, it is resolutely geared towards the future and targets all generations.
Tickets to see Gipsy Kings go on-sale on Friday, December 9th at 10:00am and can be purchased by visiting NJPAC.org or calling 888.GO.NJPAC (888.466.5722) or by visiting in person at the NJPAC Box Office, 1 Center Street in Newark, NJ.
New Jersey Performing Arts Center (NJPAC), located at One Center Street in downtown Newark, N.J., is America's most diverse performing arts center, and the artistic, cultural, educational and civic center of New Jersey – where great performances and events enhance and transform lives every day. NJPAC brings diverse communities together, providing access to all and showcasing the state's and the world's best artists while acting as a leading catalyst in the revitalization of its home city. Through its extensive Arts Education programs, which have reached almost 2 million children, NJPAC is shaping the next generation of artists and arts enthusiasts. NJPAC has attracted more than 10 million visitors since opening its doors in 1997, and nurtures meaningful and lasting relationships with each of its constituents.


The Community Service-Learning Program and the Parkland Institute are conducting a five-week speaker series that explores the impacts of the oil industry on Albertan communities. This series of talks is part of an interdisciplinary course at the University of Alberta that explores these themes by combining course work with community-facing projects in Fort McMurray. As such, the talks will pay particular attention to the impacts of the tarsands projects in northern Alberta on community sustainability. This free lecture series is open to the public. It would be interesting to discuss the talks through this forum each week, to see what ideas arise from them.
May 24 - Is Nuclear a Solution to the Tarsands Energy Needs?
I just wanted to add that the final speaker has now been confirmed: Lindsay Telfer from the Sierra Club, Prairie Chapter will be speaking with Diana Gibson.
Just as a helpful suggestion virtually nobody except current U of A students is going to know what or where ETLC is and a person could spend a day looking for something on campus. Its in the Engineering Teaching and Learning Complex and heres the map: D3 on the map.
OTTAWA - Amid heated charges of a cover-up, Tory MPs on Thursday abruptly shut down parliamentary hearings on a controversial plan to further integrate Canada and the U.S.
The firestorm erupted within minutes of testimony by University of Alberta professor Gordon Laxer that Canadians will be left "to freeze in the dark" if the government forges ahead with plans to integrate energy supplies across North America.
The deal, which calls North American "energy security" a priority, commits Canada to ensuring American energy supplies even though Canada itself -- unlike most industrialized nations -- has no national plan or reserves to protect its own supplies, he argued.
Opposition MPs called for, and won, a vote to overrule Benoit's ruling..
Benoit then threw down his pen, declaring, "This meeting is adjourned," and stormed out, followed by three of the panel's four Conservative members.
The remaining members voted to finish the meeting, with the Liberal vice-chair presiding.
Benoit's actions are virtually unprecedented, observers say; at press time, parliamentary procedure experts still hadn't figured out whether he had the right to adjourn the meeting unilaterally. Benoit did not respond to calls for comment.
protecting Canada's energy supply, says Laxer.
Atlantic Canada and Quebec already have to import 90 per cent of their supply -- 45 per cent of it from potentially unstable sources such as Saudi Arabia, Iraq and Algeria, Laxer said.
Meanwhile, Canada is exporting 63 per cent of its oil and 56 per cent of its gas production, mostly to the U.S., he says.
"It's shocking the extent to which the Conservative party will go to cover up information about the SPP," says NDP MP Peter Julian, who also sits on the committee.
Other MPs raised concerns about recently revealed plans under the SPP to raise Canadian limits on pesticide residues to match American rules.
Questions were also raised about whether the effort will open the door to bulk water exports.
negotiations have been secretive, saying civil-society groups are welcome to offer their input, and referred MPs to the government website.
Thanks Andrea! We love having the Parkland Institute as a neighbour.
There was a good turnout to Mayor Blake's talk last Thursday, although we unfortunately did not have a lot of time for discussion. I think if one where to try to summarize her talk into one word, it would be "complexity." One word doesn't do us much good, and I think it may be fair to say that Mayor Blake doesn't quite know what WILL do much good in the Wood Buffalo Municipality. While I left feeling much better informed about the region, particularly since I only recently became aware that Fort McMurray was part of a regional municipality, I also felt a little shell-shocked by the sheer mass of information thrown at us with hardly a moment to breath between statistics. Were we meant to be thrown into confusion, left to puzzle over the numbers while our carefully wrought questions slipped from our minds? Was it a kind of plea to direct our outrage at the disregard for any sense of moderation anywhere but towards Fort McMurray itself? Assuming that anyone else there was outraged, of course.
I'm glad I was there, and I'm sure I'll be there again this week. I suppose I can hope that over the weeks to come I can make some sense of the barrage of information, the "complexity" Mayor Blake so painstakingly conveyed.


text:
Hardap Region
Title: Hardap Region
Subject: Namibia, Mariental Rural, Mariental Urban, Rehoboth Urban East, Gibeon, Namibia
Collection: Hardap Region, Regions of Namibia
Location of the Hardap Region in Namibia
Mariental
Esme Sophia Isaack[1]
109,781 km2 (42,387 sq mi)
0.72/km2 (1.9/sq mi)
South African Standard Time: UTC+1
Hardap is one of the thirteen regions of Namibia, its capital is Mariental. It is home to the Hardap Dam.
Hardap stretches the entire width of Namibia, from the Atlantic Ocean in the west to Namibia's eastern national border. In the northeast, it borders the Kgalagadi District of Botswana, and in the southeast, it borders the Northern Cape Province of South Africa. Domestically, it borders the following regions:
Erongo - northwest
Khomas - north central
Omaheke - northeast
ǁKaras - south
Economy and infrastructure 2
Demographics 3
Notes 4.1
Literature 4.2
The Governor of Hardap Region is Esme Sophia Isaack,[1] succeeding Katrina Hanse-Himarwa in 2015. In February 2009, Hanse-Himarwa was condemned by the National Society for Human Rights of Namibia for declaring Hardap Region "SWAPO territory" and urging supporters not to allow other political parties to "invade" the region.[3] In the 2004 Presidential election, the region supported Hifikepunye Pohamba of SWAPO with a narrow majority of the votes (52%), following by Ben Ulenga of Congress of Democrats (21%) and Katuutire Kaura of the Democratic Turnhalle Alliance (16%). Four other candidates combined for the 11%.[4]
The region comprises six political constituencies[5] (currently eight as of 2013):
Gibeon
Mariental Rural
Mariental Urban
Rehoboth Rural
Rehoboth East Urban
Rehoboth West Urban
Aranos (created in 2013)
Daweb (created in 2013)
Hardap has 55 schools with a total of 21,886 pupils.[6]
Hardap Dam, outside of Mariental, at sunrise in April 2008
According to the Namibia 2001 Population and Housing Census, Hardap had a population of 68,249 (33,665 females and 34,579 males or 103 males for every 100 females) growing at an annual rate of 0.3%. The fertility rate was 3.6 children per woman. 46% lived in urban areas while 54% lived in rural areas, and with an area of 109,651km2, the population density was 0.6 persons per km2. By age, 13% of the population was under 5 years old, 23% between 5-14 years, 55% between 15-59 years, and 8% 60 years and older. The population was divided into 15,039 households, with an average size of 4.4 persons. 34% of households had a female head of house, while 66% had a male. For those 15 years and older, 54% had never married, 30% married with certificate, 1% married traditionally, 9% married concensually, 2% were divorced or separated, and 4% were widowed.[7]
The most commonly spoken languages at home were Afrikaans (44% of households), and Nama/Damara (44%). For those 15 years and older, the literacy rate was 83%.Nearly half of the population are from coloured and white namabian groups.In terms of education, 84% of girls and 83% of boys between the ages of 6-15 were attending school, and of those older than 15, 73% had left school, 9% were currently at school, and 13% had never attended.[7]
In 2001 the employment rate for the labor force (64% of those 15+) was 66% employed and 34% unemployed. For those 15+ years old and not in the labor force (29%), 29% were students, 37% homeakers, and 33% retired, too old, etc.[7] According to the 2012 Namibia Labour Force Survey, unemployment in the Hardap Region stood at 28.8%. The two studies are methodologically not comparable.[8]
Among households, 95% had safe water, 34% no toilet facility, 51% electricity for lighting, 77% access to radio, and 20% had wood or charcoal for cooking. In terms of household's main sources of income, 9% derived it from farming, 61% from wages and salaries, 7% cash remittances, 5% from business or non-farming, and 15% from pension.[7]
For every 1000 live births there were 62 female infant deaths and 64 male. The life expectancy at birth was 53 years for females and 51 for males. Among children younger than 15, 4% had lost a mother, 6% a father, and 1% were orphaned by both parents. 6% of the entire population had a disability, of which 19% were deaf, 47% blind, 7% had a speech disability, 10% hand disability, 28% leg disability, and 6% mental disability.[7]
^ a b "President announces governors".
^ a b "Namibia's Population by Region". Election Watch (Institute for Public Policy Research) (1): 3. 2013.
^ "Hardap Governor Incites Violence". Windhoek, Namibia: NamRights (National Society for Human Rights (Namibia)). 22 February 2009. Archived from the original on 22 July 2011.
^ "Hardap Region 2004 President results". Election Watch Namibia. Archived from the original on 22 July 2011.
^ "Elections 2009 - Profile - Hardap Region". New Era via AllAfrica.com. 7 September 2009.
^ Miyanicwe, Clemans; Kahiurika, Ndanki (27 November 2013). "School counsellors overstretched".
^ a b c d e "Hardap Region – Census Indicators, 2001". National Planning Commission. 2001. Retrieved 2008-12-27.
^ Duddy, Jo Maré (11 April 2013). "Unemployment rate still alarmingly high".
National Planning Commission (Namibia) (2007). Hardap Regional Poverty Profile: based on village-level participatory poverty assessments in Hardap Region, Namibia: October 2005-February 2006. Windhoek, Namibia: Office of the President.
Regions of Namibia
Erongo
Hardap
ǁKaras
Kavango East
Kavango West
Kunene
Ohangwena
Omaheke
Omusati
Oshana
Oshikoto
Otjozondjupa
Constituencies in the Hardap Region of Namibia
Daweb
Rehoboth Urban East
Rehoboth Urban West
Khomas Region, Zambezi Region, Erongo Region, Hardap Region, Kunene Region
South Africa, Zambia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Angola
India, Canada, United Kingdom, Africa, Australia
Regions of Namibia, Namibia, Swakopmund, Kunene Region, Khomas Region
Namibia, Regions of Namibia, Erongo Region, Hardap Region, Windhoek
Namibia, Hardap Region, Constituencies of Namibia, Aranos Constituency, Daweb Constituency
Namibia, Hardap Region, Constituencies of Namibia, Rehoboth, Namibia, B1 road (Namibia)
Gibeon, Namibia
Namibia, Hardap Region, Iron, Nickel, Cobalt