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'Smartphone pinky' and other injuries caused by excessive phone use
Why resistance is common in antibiotics, but rare in vaccines
Coronavirus news: Psychologist says working from bed can be good for mental health
Pfizer vaccine final results: it's highly protective – but how long for?
Exhausted by 2020? Here are 5 steps to recover and feel more rested throughout 2021
Singapore approves cell-cultured chicken bites – who will be the first to try them?
Physical activity is good for your concentration – here's why
CBD sales soaring, but evidence still slim that the cannabis derivative makes a difference for anxiety or pain
5 strategies to reduce addiction-like behaviours over the holidays
We may have to accept a 'good enough' COVID-19 vaccine, at least in 2021
The price of a drug should be based on its therapeutic benefits – not just what the market will bear
A vaccine will be a game-changer for international travel. But it's not everything
Visual illusion that may help explain consciousness – new study
This brain protein may be key to treating Parkinson's – study in rats shows
Depression, anxiety and heart disease risk all linked to single brain region
Severe COVID may be caused by 'autoantibodies' – here is what that means
Health crisis: up to a billion tonnes of waste potentially burned in the open every year
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How a simple brain training program could help you stay away from alcohol
By Victoria Manning
Sunday, November 8, 2020 11:09 AM UTC
Around one in five Australians will develop an alcohol use disorder, such as dependence, during their lifetime.
Reports suggest some people have been drinking more during the COVID pandemic, potentially putting themselves at greater risk of becoming dependent.
While some people will seek treatment for problem drinking, more than half of patients who go through inpatient withdrawal treatment, or detox, relapse within two weeks of discharge.
My team and I have found a new form of brain training can have positive results for people going through detox.
The conscious brain versus the subconscious brain
When we want to change a behaviour like alcohol use, we might use our conscious brain to think about the benefits quitting will bring, such as improved sleep and being sharper in the mornings. We might reflect on the downsides if we continue to drink, like the unwanted calories, the cost, and the risk of harm to our physical or mental health.
But despite these conscious thought processes, we still may find ourselves reaching into the fridge for a beer, or pouring a glass of wine, as though on "autopilot". This is because our subconscious brain is in action, driving the desire to drink alcohol.
Over time, when we drink frequently, alcohol cues such as places, sights, smells and social situations that remind us of drinking subconsciously capture our attention and drive impulses to drink. This tendency is called cognitive bias.
In Australia, we're continually bombarded with alcohol cues, whether from bottle shops, pubs, or advertising. Recent research found we're targeted by an alcohol advertisement as often as every 35 seconds on social media.
But by reducing cognitive bias towards alcohol cues, we can increase the likelihood our behaviour will be driven by our conscious rather than our subconscious brain.
Training our subconscious brain
A relatively new form of brain training that directly targets cognitive biases is showing promising results in treating alcohol use disorders.
Cognitive bias modification is a computerised brain-training program that trains people to repeatedly "avoid" alcohol-related cues, and to "approach" neutral or positive ones.
Using a joystick, the user repeatedly pushes away pictures of alcohol, and pulls healthier alternatives, such as bottled water, towards them. By practising this over and over again, the avoidance of alcohol cues becomes automatic, thereby disabling the autopilot response to these cues.
European researchers have shown that when added to a residential rehabilitation program, cognitive bias modification reduced rates of relapse to drinking by 8-13% 12 months after treatment.
Cognitive bias modification is delivered in several residential rehabilitation facilities in Germany, where it's recommended in treatment guidelines.
It's not yet available in Australia.
Our study, published today in JAMA Psychiatry, was a randomised control trial with 300 patients from four alcohol withdrawal units in Melbourne.
Roughly half were allocated to the intervention group, to receive one 15-minute session of cognitive bias modification a day for four consecutive days during their week-long detox treatment. The other half were allocated to a control group and received a pretend version of the training.
Before the treatment, participants generally had an automatic tendency to approach alcohol cues with the joystick. But we found the cognitive bias modification generally shifted this to an automatic tendency to avoid them.
Most importantly, cognitive bias modification increased rates of abstinence by 17% at two weeks after discharge. Some 63.8% of the brain-training group reported no alcohol use, compared with 46.8% of the control group.
The main limitation of our study was that alcohol use after treatment was self-reported. The vast geographical catchment of the withdrawal units meant we had to do follow-up interviews over the phone, so we couldn't use tools like breathalysers or blood tests to verify abstinence.
Nonetheless, we feel confident cognitive bias modification can optimise outcomes for patients receiving treatment for alcohol addiction. The training is simple, safe, easy to implement and cost-effective, and we believe it should be routinely offered as part of inpatient withdrawal treatment in Australia.
Now we're trialling an app version
Inpatient treatment services are geared towards people with moderate to severe alcohol use disorders. But these people represent only a fraction of those who want to reduce or stop drinking.
Recognising this, we've developed a smartphone version of cognitive bias modification called SWiPE. It enables users to personalise their training by selecting the alcohol beverages or brands they wish to avoid.
At the same time, the app aims to strengthen motivation for quitting or reducing alcohol use by training users to repeatedly swipe towards meaningful, goal-related images they select from their photo libraries (for example, of family, friends, hobbies, travel, and so on).
We're currently running a trial to test whether SWiPE effectively reduces alcohol consumption and craving. Early results, not yet peer-reviewed or published, are encouraging.
In today's culture where we make instantaneous decisions with the swipe of a finger, if it proves to be effective, this app could be adapted to weaken the subconscious drivers of other unhealthy habits we wish to break, such as smoking and the overconsumption of unhealthy foods.
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Interview with US Marine Corps veteran John Preston about his music & more
John Preston is an American singer-songwriter, firefighter and US Marine Corps veteran. In this candid interview with our very own Davina Baynes, he talks of his childhood, military service and its after-effects on him personally and others, including close family members. He explains how his musical career started, how he creates his…
Davina Baynes November 30, 2016 August 4, 2018 1
My interview with actor Peter Jacobson (House, Colony, Ray Donovan & The Americans)
Peter Jacobson is an American actor. He has enjoyed much success for his portrayal of Dr. Chris Taub on the series House. He is currently starring as Proxy Snyder on Colony and recently joined the cast of The Americans as Agent Wolfe. Peter was a delight to chat with and…
Paula Courtney November 26, 2016 August 13, 2018 0
The Magic Of Music ~ Davina Baynes
THE MAGIC OF MUSIC ~ Davina Baynes Welcome to this, the first in an occasional series on the magic of music. We all know that music can affect the way we feel, that it can unlock memories, that it has a physical effect upon our bodies. We may start…
Davina Baynes November 24, 2016 March 7, 2018 0
Interview with Zee Hatley, associate producer on NBC's The Blacklist
Zee Hatley is an associate producer on NBC's internationally successful TV show, The Blacklist. In my interview with him he explains the various technical elements that go into the making of each episode including the use of VFX, color, sound, music and much more. He also tells me about his…
Paula Courtney November 12, 2016 May 13, 2018 0

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Hey, Isn't That… Kim Jong Un's Wife?
Spotted: Smartly dressed woman on the arm of North Korea's young leader Kim Jong Un, strolling through an amusement park and attending official events.
Not much was known about the 20-something-year-old Kim when he became supreme leader of the isolated and secretive country in 2011 after his father's death. So it took some by surprise when state television confirmed just this week that his wife was singer Ri Sol Ju, though the two reportedly wed in 2009.
Robert Carlin, a visiting scholar at Stanford University's Center for International Security and Cooperation, said although it's news to people outside North Korea, many inside the country already knew.
"It still is a big step for them to begin to show her in public and make the announcement that they're married," he said.
Kim Jong Un: Potential Successor in North Korea, but Who Is He?


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Was George Washington being anti-Semitic when he argued against foreign entanglements?
Ben Stein Explains His Attack on Ron Paul, Creating More Questions Than Answers
(Examiner.com) -- by Thomas R. Eddlem --
Ben Stein published an explanation of his attack on Rep. Ron Paul of Texas on his American Spectator blog December 30. Two days before Stein had termed Rep. Paul 's argument against the ever-increasing U.S. intervention in Muslim nations in the war on terror an "anti-Semitic argument" in a debate on CNN's Larry King Live.
Rep. Paul – who favored the attack on Afghanistan in 2001 as a legitimate response to the September 11 attacks – has in recent years argued that the more than eight-year-long occupation of Afghanistan and military strikes on other Muslim nations are increasingly being viewed by Muslims as a foreign occupation force that props up corrupt governments rather than a legitimate anti-terrorism effort. Regarding the most recent hijacking of an airline on Christmas day, Paul noted that interventionist-minded policy-makers are "never asking the question: What is the motive?" Dr. Paul went on to explain that the most recent would-be airline hijacker "said why he did it. He said because we bombed Yemen two weeks ago. That was his motive."
Stein said on Larry King Live December 28 that Rep. Paul's words constituted an "anti-Semitic argument" and explained further in his American Spectator column that:
"...in my long experience, those who talk about the U.S. 'occupying' Moslem lands soon go to criticism of the U.S. for helping Israel -- a line long associated with Rep. Paul, as I understand, and again, maybe I am misinformed -- and then to biting criticism of Israel and then to bitter comments about Jews generally."
Rep. Paul had never mentioned Israel or anything Jewish during the debate, nor is there any statement in the former obstetrician's 35-year public record that gives a whiff of hostility to Jews or Judaism. Stein's explanation, and his performance on the original Larry King Live segment, raise two issues related to the war on terror.
1. Anti-Semitism. The first issue is whether a person can advocate that the United States have a policy of minding its own business and staying out of foreign quarrels, as President George Washington advised in his farewell address, and not be an anti-Semite.
Stein argued on the Larry King Live segment that the United States must help all of its "friends" or be considered anti-Semitic. According to Stein, one is an anti-Semite even if he refuses to support the corrupt Islamic state of Yemen with military force because the Yemeni government is among "our friends." Two days later Stein qualified the statement in his American Spectator blog – two days after he let his "anti-Semitic argument" fly – by adding that if Ron Paul accepted U.S. support for Israel that he may not be an anti-Semite. "I was about to add that I was sure that Rep. Paul was not going that far," Stein explained. "So let me say right now that if Rep. Paul says he is not taking that line, and is not an anti-Semite, I believe him, good for him and I am happy to know him." Essentially, Stein was saying that even though he labeled Rep. Paul's arguments "anti-Semitic" on national television, he was willing to admit that perhaps Rep. Paul was not an anti-Semite after all.
If someone does take George Washington's view of keeping out of foreign entanglements, Stein modified his argument on his American Spectator blog, a person is an anti-Semite only if he applies the principle to all nations, including Israel. Whereas Rep. Paul has advocated a foreign policy perfectly in tune with Washington's farewell address – one without any favoritism or intervention whatsoever – Stein may indeed still consider him an anti-Semite.
2. Blowback. The more relevant issue revolves around military intervention and whether the United States becoming the policeman of the world creates what is called "blowback" in the intelligence world. Stein denies the possibility that anyone could be motivated to attack the United States because our government is in the business of blowing up people across the Middle East. "They're terrorists and murderers because they are psychos, same as all terrorists and murderers," Stein told Rep. Paul during the Larry King debate. Stein argues that terrorists are crazy, that they do not act in a rational way, and that they therefore cannot be reacting to the death of a loved one or fellow countryman. Terrorists attack without reason, Stein flatly stated.
If Stein is correct and terrorists are indeed insane and acting without a reason (a reason may have merit or be entirely devoid of merit), then there is no reasonable expectation that they would target the United States any more than any other government, person or object. If there is no reason, then the attacks are purely random. In fact, if terrorists are truly insane and without reason, logic suggests they would be far less likely to attack the United States. Attacking the United States requires extraordinary travel preparations for Middle Eastern terrorists and intricate planning that is ordinarily beyond the capacity of most insane people to accomplish. And it certainly doesn't fit the random pattern under which Stein insists terrorists heed.
Stein went on to explain that Ron Paul's arguments were wrong and that the United States has an obligation to prop up the corrupt government of Yemen...MORE...LINK
If Stein truly believes it is anti-Semitic for Americans to want to get Israel off our welfare dole, and to object to sending Americans off to fight wars for Israeli interests -- which begets ever more attacks by Islamic militants on American positions, then he is living proof that American Zionists put Israeli Jews ahead of American Gentiles, and should never be trusted in positions where Israeli and American interests might come into conflict. And I'm not just taking about Jewish Zionists. George W. Bush was a Gentile Zionists who put Jewish Israeli interests ahead of American interests when he pursued the elective Iraq war, which had nothing whatsoever to do with the attacks on 9/11 -- attacks that likely would never even have taken place but for U.S government interventionism in the Mideast on behalf of Israel, and Washington's blank check support for the Jewish state.
For example, Jeff Gates notes that 'Khaled Sheikh Mohammed, the confessed mastermind of the mass murder of 9-11, conceded that the motivation for that attack was to focus "the American people…on the atrocities that America is committing by supporting Israel against the Palestinian people and America's self-serving foreign policy that corrupts Arab governments and leads to further exploitation of the Arab Muslim people."'
What Americans are dealing with in Zionism is an insidious, elitist ideology that operates by incorporating American politicians on their rise up the ladders of power (as was the case with Barack Obama), or once they have reached the pinnacle of power (as was more the case with George W. Bush.) And eventually, Zionism actually becomes an elitist, sacraficialist state of mind, wherein it's perfectly acceptable to send lower class Americans to their deaths on behalf of Zionism's interests. In fact, Zionism even manages to incorporate poorer and more ignorant Americans by invoking the Old Testament and suggesting that Americans are fighting for the heritage of Western civilization by protecting the progeny of the tribes of biblical Israel. Actually, the opposite is true. Many Jews harbor profound grudges against Western civilization because of its Christian basis and its historical intolerance for Jewish ethnic rackateering, and thus stab it in the back at nearly every opportunity.
Ron Paul is too smart to fall for Zionism's platitudes and methods, which is what drives guys like Ben Stein crazy.
Israel can sink or swim on its own merits. Ending American interventionism around the world is in no way throwing Israel to the wolves, as Stein seems to suggest. It is forcing it to quite acting like a parasite and stand on its own two feet -- something that is apparently anathema to mentality's like Stein's.
Americans need to implement a new litmus test for their politicians. Instead of being pro-Zionist as the price of entry to the upper echelons of power, politicians should be tested as either Zionist neutral, or anti-Zionist to get elected. Because just like its bastard twin Communism, Zionism will ultimately destroy whatever it touches.


Jason is a Senior Biologist and Principal with Ecoscape and started the company with Kyle to work on interesting and exciting projects. He has numerous published technical and prepared peer reviewed publications. Jason has worked on a variety of different projects in terrestrial, lake and stream ecosystems. Working with all sectors, Jason has been effective at collecting, interpreting, and analyzing biological data.
Mr. Schleppe is a leader in the province in the development Foreshore Inventory and Mapping (FIM) a methodology that was developed with local, provincial, and federal Government agencies, that is now being used as the template for lake inventory and mapping projects. Jason has developed important spatial risk assessment tools for Source Water Protection Planning in the Okanagan, working with local and provincial agencies to ensure adequate source water protection. Finally, Jason has been involved on numerous water infrastructure projects, such as dams, bridges, culverts, and instream habitat restoration. The above highlights his ability to work with Governmental agencies to develop practical solutions by integrating biological principles into land use planning and engineering design.
When not working, Jason escapes with his family to camp and fish at his many "€˜undisclosed"€™ trophy lakes throughout BC.


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If you search the Internet for the perfect song, you might find some interesting results leading you to numerous websites and articles about scientists creating the ultimate track for cats or what goes into scoring the next big radio hit.
One of the results will lead you to a 2014 blog piece from Physics World titled, "What makes the perfect song?" which tells of an event by the same name attended by the blog entry's writer James Dacey where a couple of physicists, a musicologist, a researcher and various musicians came to the ultimate conclusion that science hasn't figured out music.
Left to their own opinions, the panel talked about how songs, in various forms and bits, could dig their way into our brains to make us dance and make us sing. It's an interesting read, so go ahead and take a look at it after you read this review.
It was the musical term that I referenced when I watched CODA, a film about a young girl trying to find her place in the world. A coda is defined as, "The concluding passage of a piece or movement, typically forming an addition to the basic structure (Thanks, Google)." CODA is filled with music and themes that relate to it, but it's actually the acronym for child of deaf adults.
Still, I'm not entirely convinced whoever named the movie didn't see the connection or at least realize the coincidence as the film is very much like the definition of a coda in that it's a very moving piece that weaves beautiful and independent voices that come together for an epic chorus.
Emilia Jones plays Ruby Rossi, a high school student who spends the early hours of the day working as a fisher on the family's boat. As the only hearing person in her family, she's relied on to keep the family business going, serving as an interpreter at the board meetings, negotiating higher prices from buyers, and answering the ship's radio calls.
At school, she's a pariah. Her only friend is Gertie, a precocious teen who hits on teachers. After Ruby sees her crush Miles signing up for choir, she impulsively does the same. What she doesn't know is that she has put herself on a path that will make her choose between staying home with her family and becoming her true musical self.
In ways, CODA is an orchestra of characters playing in and out of harmony. There's a slight but pertinent dissonance in some of the chords as conflicts come to play, but that's where the film shines brightest as it highlights common human struggles.
Frank, the main breadwinner, juggles mounting debts and creeping regulations choking his community's fishing industry. He's railed against change long enough that he's begun to entertain the idea of selling the family boat in order to gain some financial stability.
Leo, the family's eldest child, has all the vibrancy and recklessness of youth, but he's treated with kid gloves. He views his deafness as a hurdle to be overcome while others see it as a barrier for entry. It's Leo who comes up with the idea of creating a company to sell fish directly to customers instead of using intermediaries cutting into their profits, but the idea is tabled until tensions between the fishers and the board come to a head. When the board announces that each boat will need to allow an inspector and absorb the $800 fee of hosting them, Frank, in a moment of pure frustration after seeing years of regulations destroy his livelihood, declares Leo's plan to the fishers.
Jackie comes aboard shortly after, though she's reluctant to work with the wives of the other fishers. And as the barriers between the family and the hearing community are broken down, characters have to take a long deep look into their own personal conflicts which ultimately proves we all long for similar things.
It's the struggle of connection that takes the spotlight. Every conflict ultimately stems from each character's want, need, or inability to connect with someone else. Leo and Ruby, though connected by blood, through jealous lenses see each other as the favored child. Leo's deafness, to Ruby, makes him a true member of the family, while Leo feels that his parents see Ruby as a valuable asset because she can bridge the gaps of communication between the family and the community at large.
Both starve for the favor they see the other receiving, not realizing they are blessed in their own right. When Miles visits Ruby, who constantly apologizes for the state of disarray and dysfunction at her home, Miles mentions he would rather be in Ruby's shoes because of the cohesiveness of her family. Miles, for lack of a connection to his own parents, would rather have the clutter with all of its history and a family bond with all of its complications rather than the ugly and silent separations he witnesses between his parents.
Layers on top of layers reinforce the theme of connection, and CODA never, ever feels trite or overhanded. There's a thin but powerful line of storytelling that leads the viewer through the scenes, and like a striking melody, the narrative leaves you feeling what the characters feel. When the family goes to see Ruby perform at her recital, the perspective shifts to Ruby's father. The film shows you his experience not only from his eyes but also his ears as all sound disappears from the film. It's a moment that left my entire theater speechless as the hearing viewers spent a minute understanding the impact of the scene.
For me, a father of an 18-month old, I imagined my own son on stage. I was left devastated. Being unable to connect with a child during a moment that should instill a wellspring of pride left me figuratively standing at a chasm — instead of intimacy between singer and listener, there was a complete void.
A disconnect.
Using music to tell the story conveys the theme in a way that anyone who's ever dreamed of being a singer can relate to. Anyone who's ever had to sing for someone else would understand what it's like to pour their hearts out — to bear their souls in a state of complete vulnerability. There is intimacy when a listener connects to a singer. That's why shows like American Idol are so compelling during those audition stages. For every megastar, there are thousands of hopefuls, mocked and turned away, their shame made permanent on reruns and viral videos. I can't remember the last American Idol winner, but I still remember William Hung.
Other viewers may take away vastly different points from that scene, but for me, the feeling of not being able to listen to music and share the same experience as others left me feeling like I was drowning.
Credit goes to Sian Heder for writing and directing a film that is relentlessly what it was intended to be. It never pulls its punches, and there is so much power in the way the story is presented. The cast is truly amazing — Kotsur's acting goes above and beyond. Through his signing and body language, you know what he's trying to say. And I write that to mean communication is a two-way street where someone tries to get someone else to understand. It doesn't always work out as intended, and Kotsur embodies someone who wants so much to be understood. And I, even with hearing, struggle so much to get what people are talking about.
CODA isn't a musical, but it does use music to tell the story of the human struggle to belong, to relate. And it works like a song — its hook is undeniable. When the last word is shown on the screen as Ruby gives them the sign for "I really love you," you're left with a profound sense that you truly understand what Ruby means.
Directed by: Sian Heder
Screenplay by: Sian Heder
Starring: Emilia Jones, Troy Kotsur, Daniel Durant, John Fiore, Amy Forsyth, Ferdia Walsh-Peelo, Marlee Matlin, and Eugenio Derbez
Published by ClumsyG
words on a page. View all posts by ClumsyG
All Reviews, Drama, Movie Reviews, Movies
amy forsyth, coda, daniel durant, emilia jones, eugenio derbez, ferdia walsh-peelo, john fiore, marlee matlin, Movie Reviews, sian heder, troy kotsur
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All-New X-Men #16 Review
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Just Desserts -- The Menu Review


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Root canal treatments have suffered a bad rap over the years—and undeservedly. While we applaud root canal therapy for the millions of decayed teeth the procedure has saved, the worn-out cliché that it's painful still lingers on.
So, let's set the record straight: a root canal treatment doesn't cause pain, it most often relieves it. Let's look a little closer at what actually happens before, during and after this tooth-saving treatment.
Before: a tooth in crisis. Tooth decay can damage more than a tooth's outer enamel. This aggressive bacterial infection can work its way into a tooth's interior, destroying the nerves and blood vessels in the pulp, before moving on to the roots and supporting bone through the root canals. Untreated, this devastating process can lead to tooth loss. A root canal treatment, however, can stop the invading decay and save the tooth.
During: stopping the disease. The dentist first numbs the tooth and surrounding gum tissues with local anesthetic—the only thing you might normally feel during treatment is a slight pressure. They then drill into the tooth to access the inner pulp and root canals and remove all diseased tissue. Once the interior spaces of the tooth have been disinfected, the dentist then fills the empty pulp chamber and root canals with a pliable filling called gutta percha to prevent future infection.
After: preventing re-infection. With the filling complete, the dentist then seals the access hole. There may be some minor soreness for a few days, similar to the aftermath of a routine filling, which can usually be managed with over-the-counter pain relievers like ibuprofen. Sometime later, the dentist will normally finish the treatment with a new crown on the tooth. This accomplishes two things: It helps strengthen the tooth against stress fracturing and it provides another layer of protection against future decay.
Root canal treatments have an exceptional track record for giving diseased teeth a second chance. There's nothing to fear—and everything to gain for your troubled tooth.
If you would like more information on root canal treatment, please contact us or schedule an appointment for a consultation. You can also learn more about this topic by reading the Dear Doctor magazine article "Root Canal Treatment: What You Need to Know."


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Q: Protect direct access to image folder So I've my images folder, and I protect it with a index.php file with no text or anything. So they can't browse the images. But is this enough as security? I've tried to disable the url with php but without any success. Is there another way of doing this?

A: One easy way to prevent the directory content from being displayed is to disable directory listing.
Don't place an index file in the directory you like to prevent from public access. Create a .htaccess file add Options -Indexes to it. This would cause a http 403 error when you point to the directory.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Pallidotomy: A survey of current practice in North America
Jacques Favre, Jamal M. Taha, Tung T. Nguyen, Philip L. Gildenberg, Kim J. Burchiel
TWENTY-EIGHT CENTERS COMPLETED a survey about their current practice of pallidotomy. This sample represents a non-exhaustive survey of the current practice of pallidotomy in North America and is not a study of outcomes. 1015 patients underwent 1219 pallidotomies: 811 (80%) unilateral, 72 (7%) staged bilateral, and 132 (13%) simultaneous bilateral. Pallidotomy has long been an accepted procedure and the indications for this surgery, in the opinion of the responding centers, were rated on a scale of 1 (poor) to 4 (excellent) and demonstrated dyskinesia as the best indication (median =4); on-off fluctuations, dystonia, rigidity, and bradykinesia as good indications (median =3); and freezing, tremor and gait disturbances as fair indications (median =2). Most centers used MRI alone (50%) or in combination with CT scan (n=6) or ventriculography (n=5) to localize the target. The median values of pallidal coordinates were: 2 mm anterior to the midcommissural point, 21 mm lateral to the midsagittal plane and 5 mm below the intercommissural line. Microrecording was performed by half of the centers (n=14) and half of the remaining centers were considering starting it (n=7). Main criteria used to define the target included the firing pattern of spontaneous neuronal discharges (n=13) and the response to joint movement (n=10). Most centers performed motor (n=26) and visual (n=23) macrostimulation. Twenty four centers performed test lesions using median values of 55 °C temperatures for 30 s. Final lesions consisted of 3 permanent lesions placed 2 mm apart, each lesion created with median values of 75 °C temperatures for 1 minute. Median hospital stay was 2 days.
Microrecording
Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of 'Pallidotomy: A survey of current practice in North America'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
Pallidotomy Medicine & Life Sciences
North America Medicine & Life Sciences
Temperature Medicine & Life Sciences
Hypokinesia Medicine & Life Sciences
Dystonia Medicine & Life Sciences
Dyskinesias Medicine & Life Sciences
Tremor Medicine & Life Sciences
Freezing Medicine & Life Sciences
Favre, J., Taha, J. M., Nguyen, T. T., Gildenberg, P. L., & Burchiel, K. J. (1996). Pallidotomy: A survey of current practice in North America. Neurosurgery, 39(4), 883-892. https://doi.org/10.1097/00006123-199610000-00060
Pallidotomy : A survey of current practice in North America. / Favre, Jacques; Taha, Jamal M.; Nguyen, Tung T.; Gildenberg, Philip L.; Burchiel, Kim J.
In: Neurosurgery, Vol. 39, No. 4, 10.1996, p. 883-892.
Favre, J, Taha, JM, Nguyen, TT, Gildenberg, PL & Burchiel, KJ 1996, 'Pallidotomy: A survey of current practice in North America', Neurosurgery, vol. 39, no. 4, pp. 883-892. https://doi.org/10.1097/00006123-199610000-00060
Favre J, Taha JM, Nguyen TT, Gildenberg PL, Burchiel KJ. Pallidotomy: A survey of current practice in North America. Neurosurgery. 1996 Oct;39(4):883-892. https://doi.org/10.1097/00006123-199610000-00060
Favre, Jacques ; Taha, Jamal M. ; Nguyen, Tung T. ; Gildenberg, Philip L. ; Burchiel, Kim J. / Pallidotomy : A survey of current practice in North America. In: Neurosurgery. 1996 ; Vol. 39, No. 4. pp. 883-892.
@article{0c495b7581154434ad0fd69aeb7438a4,
title = "Pallidotomy: A survey of current practice in North America",
abstract = "TWENTY-EIGHT CENTERS COMPLETED a survey about their current practice of pallidotomy. This sample represents a non-exhaustive survey of the current practice of pallidotomy in North America and is not a study of outcomes. 1015 patients underwent 1219 pallidotomies: 811 (80%) unilateral, 72 (7%) staged bilateral, and 132 (13%) simultaneous bilateral. Pallidotomy has long been an accepted procedure and the indications for this surgery, in the opinion of the responding centers, were rated on a scale of 1 (poor) to 4 (excellent) and demonstrated dyskinesia as the best indication (median =4); on-off fluctuations, dystonia, rigidity, and bradykinesia as good indications (median =3); and freezing, tremor and gait disturbances as fair indications (median =2). Most centers used MRI alone (50%) or in combination with CT scan (n=6) or ventriculography (n=5) to localize the target. The median values of pallidal coordinates were: 2 mm anterior to the midcommissural point, 21 mm lateral to the midsagittal plane and 5 mm below the intercommissural line. Microrecording was performed by half of the centers (n=14) and half of the remaining centers were considering starting it (n=7). Main criteria used to define the target included the firing pattern of spontaneous neuronal discharges (n=13) and the response to joint movement (n=10). Most centers performed motor (n=26) and visual (n=23) macrostimulation. Twenty four centers performed test lesions using median values of 55 °C temperatures for 30 s. Final lesions consisted of 3 permanent lesions placed 2 mm apart, each lesion created with median values of 75 °C temperatures for 1 minute. Median hospital stay was 2 days.",
keywords = "Microrecording, Movement disorders, Pallidotomy, Parkinson's disease, Survey",
author = "Jacques Favre and Taha, {Jamal M.} and Nguyen, {Tung T.} and Gildenberg, {Philip L.} and Burchiel, {Kim J.}",
journal = "Neurosurgery",
T1 - Pallidotomy
T2 - A survey of current practice in North America
AU - Favre, Jacques
AU - Taha, Jamal M.
AU - Nguyen, Tung T.
AU - Gildenberg, Philip L.
AU - Burchiel, Kim J.
N2 - TWENTY-EIGHT CENTERS COMPLETED a survey about their current practice of pallidotomy. This sample represents a non-exhaustive survey of the current practice of pallidotomy in North America and is not a study of outcomes. 1015 patients underwent 1219 pallidotomies: 811 (80%) unilateral, 72 (7%) staged bilateral, and 132 (13%) simultaneous bilateral. Pallidotomy has long been an accepted procedure and the indications for this surgery, in the opinion of the responding centers, were rated on a scale of 1 (poor) to 4 (excellent) and demonstrated dyskinesia as the best indication (median =4); on-off fluctuations, dystonia, rigidity, and bradykinesia as good indications (median =3); and freezing, tremor and gait disturbances as fair indications (median =2). Most centers used MRI alone (50%) or in combination with CT scan (n=6) or ventriculography (n=5) to localize the target. The median values of pallidal coordinates were: 2 mm anterior to the midcommissural point, 21 mm lateral to the midsagittal plane and 5 mm below the intercommissural line. Microrecording was performed by half of the centers (n=14) and half of the remaining centers were considering starting it (n=7). Main criteria used to define the target included the firing pattern of spontaneous neuronal discharges (n=13) and the response to joint movement (n=10). Most centers performed motor (n=26) and visual (n=23) macrostimulation. Twenty four centers performed test lesions using median values of 55 °C temperatures for 30 s. Final lesions consisted of 3 permanent lesions placed 2 mm apart, each lesion created with median values of 75 °C temperatures for 1 minute. Median hospital stay was 2 days.
AB - TWENTY-EIGHT CENTERS COMPLETED a survey about their current practice of pallidotomy. This sample represents a non-exhaustive survey of the current practice of pallidotomy in North America and is not a study of outcomes. 1015 patients underwent 1219 pallidotomies: 811 (80%) unilateral, 72 (7%) staged bilateral, and 132 (13%) simultaneous bilateral. Pallidotomy has long been an accepted procedure and the indications for this surgery, in the opinion of the responding centers, were rated on a scale of 1 (poor) to 4 (excellent) and demonstrated dyskinesia as the best indication (median =4); on-off fluctuations, dystonia, rigidity, and bradykinesia as good indications (median =3); and freezing, tremor and gait disturbances as fair indications (median =2). Most centers used MRI alone (50%) or in combination with CT scan (n=6) or ventriculography (n=5) to localize the target. The median values of pallidal coordinates were: 2 mm anterior to the midcommissural point, 21 mm lateral to the midsagittal plane and 5 mm below the intercommissural line. Microrecording was performed by half of the centers (n=14) and half of the remaining centers were considering starting it (n=7). Main criteria used to define the target included the firing pattern of spontaneous neuronal discharges (n=13) and the response to joint movement (n=10). Most centers performed motor (n=26) and visual (n=23) macrostimulation. Twenty four centers performed test lesions using median values of 55 °C temperatures for 30 s. Final lesions consisted of 3 permanent lesions placed 2 mm apart, each lesion created with median values of 75 °C temperatures for 1 minute. Median hospital stay was 2 days.
KW - Microrecording
KW - Movement disorders
KW - Pallidotomy
KW - Survey
JO - Neurosurgery
JF - Neurosurgery


Have you ever wondered what dinosaur food, or dinosaurs themselves tasted like? Ok, you probably haven't, and it's probably easy to imagine they all tasted like chicken anyway. A lack of bizarre curiosity about dino dietary habits shouldn't stop you from wanting to add a little Stegosaurus to your snack time.
Dinosaurs, as a pop culture staple, is a bottomless well. When you couple the fascination kids have with the carnivorous creatures and vegetarian herbivores of the Jurassic and meal time, magic can happen. Kids with a dinosaur obsession will go nuts over having dino-shaped ice cubes, dinosaur-themed cupcakes, and even dinosaur meat. For the grown ups, there's beer brewed from actual 45 million year old yeast or the Tea-Rex tea bag substitute. There's a dinosaur food and drink mix out there for children and inner children of all ages.


text:
/**
 *  Channel using jni calls ( assuming in-process tomcat ).
 *
 * @author:  Gal Shachor <shachor@il.ibm.com>
 * @author: Costin Manolache
 */

#include "jk_workerEnv.h"
#include "jk_env.h"
#include "jk_bean.h"

#ifdef HAVE_JNI

#include "jk_map.h"
#include "jk_env.h"
#include "jk_channel.h"
#include "jk_global.h"

#include <string.h>
#include "jk_registry.h"
#include <jni.h>

/* default only, is configurable now */

#define JAVA_BRIDGE_CLASS_NAME ("org/apache/jk/apr/AprImpl")

#define JNI_TOMCAT_STARTED 2
extern int jk_jni_status_code;

/** Information specific for the socket channel
 */
typedef struct {
    jk_vm_t *vm;

    char *className;
    jclass jniBridge;

    jmethodID writeMethod;
    int status;
} jk_channel_jni_private_t;

typedef struct {
    JNIEnv *jniEnv;

    int len;
    jbyteArray jarray;
    char *carray;
    int arrayLen;

    jobject jniJavaContext;
/*     jobject msgJ; */
} jk_ch_jni_ep_private_t;

/*
   Duplicate string and convert it to ASCII on EBDIC based systems
   Needed for at least AS/400 and BS2000 but what about other EBDIC systems ?
   Implement as macro cause:
   we don't need to duplicate the strings if they are const on non EBDIC systems
*/

#if defined(AS400) || defined(_OSD_POSIX)
#define SSTRDUP_ASCII(e, s) ((e)->tmpPool->pstrdup2ascii(e, (e)->tmpPool, s))
#else
#define SSTRDUP_ASCII(e, s) (s)
#endif

static int JK_METHOD jk2_channel_jni_init(jk_env_t *env,
                                          jk_bean_t *jniWB)
{
    jk_channel_t *jniW=jniWB->object;
    jk_workerEnv_t *wEnv=jniW->workerEnv;

    if (wEnv->childId != 0) {
        if( jniW->worker != NULL )
            jniW->worker->mbean->disabled=JK_TRUE;
        return JK_ERR;
    }
    if( wEnv->vm == NULL ) {
        env->l->jkLog(env, env->l, JK_LOG_INFO,
                      "channel_jni.init() no VM found\n" );
        if( jniW->worker != NULL ) {
            jniW->worker->mbean->disabled=JK_TRUE;
        }
        return JK_ERR;
    }
    return JK_OK;
}

/*
 * Wait input event for timeout ms
 */
static int JK_METHOD jk2_channel_jni_hasinput(jk_env_t *env,
                                              jk_channel_t *ch,
                                              jk_endpoint_t *endpoint,
											  int timeout)

{
	/*
	 * No delay in such case
	 */
	return (JK_TRUE) ;
}

/** Assume the jni-worker or someone else started
 *  tomcat and initialized what is needed.
 */
static int JK_METHOD jk2_channel_jni_open(jk_env_t *env,
                                          jk_channel_t *_this,
                                          jk_endpoint_t *endpoint)
{
    jk_workerEnv_t *we=endpoint->worker->workerEnv;
    JNIEnv *jniEnv;
    jk_ch_jni_ep_private_t *epData;
    jmethodID jmethod;
    jobject jobj;
    jstring jstr;

    jk_channel_jni_private_t *jniCh=_this->_privatePtr;

    if( endpoint->channelData != NULL ) {
        env->l->jkLog(env, env->l, JK_LOG_INFO,
                      "channel_jni.open() already open, nothing else to do\n");
        return JK_OK;
    }

    env->l->jkLog(env, env->l, JK_LOG_INFO,"channel_jni.open():  \n" );

    /* It is useless to continue if the channel worker
       does not exist.
     */
    if( _this->worker == NULL ) {
        env->l->jkLog(env, env->l, JK_LOG_ERROR,
                      "channel_jni.open()  NullPointerException, no channel worker found\n");
        return JK_ERR;
    }

    jniCh->vm=(jk_vm_t *)we->vm;
    if( jniCh->vm == NULL ) {
        env->l->jkLog(env, env->l, JK_LOG_ERROR,
                      "channel_jni.open() no VM found\n" );
        _this->worker->mbean->disabled=JK_TRUE;
        return JK_ERR;
    }

    jniEnv = (JNIEnv *)jniCh->vm->attach( env, jniCh->vm );
    if( jniEnv == NULL ) {
        env->l->jkLog(env, env->l, JK_LOG_ERROR,
                      "channel_jni.open() can't attach\n" );
        _this->worker->mbean->disabled=JK_TRUE;
        return JK_ERR;
    }
    /* Create the buffers used by the write method. We allocate a
       byte[] and jbyte[] - I have no idea what's more expensive,
       to copy a buffer or to 'pin' the jbyte[] for copying.

       This will be tuned if needed, for now it seems the easiest
       solution
    */
    epData=(jk_ch_jni_ep_private_t *)
        endpoint->mbean->pool->calloc( env,endpoint->mbean->pool,
                                       sizeof( jk_ch_jni_ep_private_t ));

    endpoint->channelData=epData;

    /* AS400/BS2000 need EBCDIC to ASCII conversion for JNI */
    jniCh->jniBridge = (*jniEnv)->FindClass(jniEnv, SSTRDUP_ASCII(env, jniCh->className) );

    if( jniCh->jniBridge == NULL ) {
        env->l->jkLog(env, env->l, JK_LOG_ERROR,
                      "channel_jni.open() can't find %s\n",jniCh->className );
        _this->worker->mbean->disabled=JK_TRUE;
        return JK_ERR;
    }

    jniCh->jniBridge=(*jniEnv)->NewGlobalRef( jniEnv, jniCh->jniBridge);

    if( jniCh->jniBridge == NULL ) {
        env->l->jkLog(env, env->l, JK_LOG_ERROR,
                      "channel_jni.open() Unable to allocate globalref for %s\n",jniCh->className );
        _this->worker->mbean->disabled=JK_TRUE;
        return JK_ERR;
    }

    /* Interface to the callback mechansim. The idea is simple ( is it ? ) - we
       use a similar pattern with java, trying to do as little as possible
       in C and pass minimal information to allow this.

       The pattern used for callback works for our message forwarding but also for
       other things - like singnals, etc
    */

    /* AS400/BS2000 need EBCDIC to ASCII conversion for JNI */
    jmethod=(*jniEnv)->GetStaticMethodID(jniEnv, jniCh->jniBridge,
                 SSTRDUP_ASCII(env, "createJavaContext"),
                 SSTRDUP_ASCII(env, "(Ljava/lang/String;J)Ljava/lang/Object;"));

    if( jmethod == NULL ) {
        env->l->jkLog(env, env->l, JK_LOG_ERROR,
                      "channel_jni.open() can't find createJavaContext\n");
        _this->worker->mbean->disabled=JK_TRUE;

        if( (*jniEnv)->ExceptionCheck( jniEnv ) ) {
            (*jniEnv)->ExceptionClear( jniEnv );
        }
        return JK_ERR;
    }

    /* AS400/BS2000 need EBCDIC to ASCII conversion for JNI */
    jstr=(*jniEnv)->NewStringUTF(jniEnv, SSTRDUP_ASCII(env, "channelJni" ));

    jobj=(*jniEnv)->CallStaticObjectMethod( jniEnv, jniCh->jniBridge,
                                            jmethod,
                                            jstr,
                                            (jlong)(long)(void *)endpoint->mbean );

    if( jobj  == NULL ) {
        env->l->jkLog(env, env->l, JK_LOG_ERROR,
                      "channel_jni.open() Can't create java context\n" );
        epData->jniJavaContext=NULL;
        _this->worker->mbean->disabled=JK_TRUE;
        if( (*jniEnv)->ExceptionCheck( jniEnv ) ) {
            (*jniEnv)->ExceptionClear( jniEnv );
        }
        return JK_ERR;
    }
    epData->jniJavaContext=(*jniEnv)->NewGlobalRef( jniEnv, jobj );

    env->l->jkLog(env, env->l, JK_LOG_INFO,
                  "channel_jni.open() Got ep %#lx %#lx\n", jobj, epData->jniJavaContext );

    /* XXX Destroy them in close */

    /* AS400/BS2000 need EBCDIC to ASCII conversion for JNI */
    jmethod=(*jniEnv)->GetStaticMethodID(jniEnv, jniCh->jniBridge,
                                         SSTRDUP_ASCII(env, "getBuffer"),
                                         SSTRDUP_ASCII(env, "(Ljava/lang/Object;I)[B"));
    if( jmethod == NULL ) {
        env->l->jkLog(env, env->l, JK_LOG_ERROR,
                      "channel_jni.open() can't find getBuffer\n");
        _this->worker->mbean->disabled=JK_TRUE;
        return JK_ERR;
    }

    epData->jarray=(*jniEnv)->CallStaticObjectMethod( jniEnv, jniCh->jniBridge,
                                                      jmethod,
                                                      epData->jniJavaContext, 0);

    epData->jarray=(*jniEnv)->NewGlobalRef( jniEnv, epData->jarray );

    epData->arrayLen = (*jniEnv)->GetArrayLength( jniEnv, epData->jarray );

    /* XXX > ajp buffer size. Don't know how to fragment or reallocate
       yet */
    epData->carray=(char *)endpoint->mbean->pool->calloc( env, endpoint->mbean->pool,
                                                          epData->arrayLen);

    /* AS400/BS2000 need EBCDIC to ASCII conversion for JNI */
    jniCh->writeMethod =
        (*jniEnv)->GetStaticMethodID(jniEnv, jniCh->jniBridge,
                                     SSTRDUP_ASCII(env, "jniInvoke"),
                                     SSTRDUP_ASCII(env, "(JLjava/lang/Object;)I"));

    if( jniCh->writeMethod == NULL ) {
        env->l->jkLog(env, env->l, JK_LOG_EMERG,
                      "channel_jni.open() can't find jniInvoke\n");

        _this->worker->mbean->disabled=JK_TRUE;
        return JK_ERR;
    }

    env->l->jkLog(env, env->l, JK_LOG_INFO,
                  "channel_jni.open() found write method, open ok\n" );

    _this->worker->mbean->disabled=JK_FALSE;

    /* Don't detach ( XXX Need to find out when the thread is
     *  closing in order for this to work )
     */
    /*     jniCh->vm->detach( env, jniCh->vm ); */
    return JK_OK;
}

/**
 */
static int JK_METHOD jk2_channel_jni_close(jk_env_t *env,jk_channel_t *_this,
                                           jk_endpoint_t *endpoint)
{
    jk_ch_jni_ep_private_t *epData;
    JNIEnv *jniEnv;
    jk_channel_jni_private_t *jniCh=_this->_privatePtr;
    epData=(jk_ch_jni_ep_private_t *)endpoint->channelData;

    if (epData == NULL) {
        env->l->jkLog(env, env->l, JK_LOG_INFO,
                      "channel_jni.close() no channel data\n" );
        return JK_ERR;
    }
    jniEnv = (JNIEnv *)jniCh->vm->attach( env, jniCh->vm );

    if( jniEnv == NULL ) {
        env->l->jkLog(env, env->l, JK_LOG_INFO,
                      "channel_jni.close() can't attach\n" );
        return JK_ERR;
    }
    if( epData->jarray != NULL ){
        (*jniEnv)->DeleteGlobalRef( jniEnv, epData->jarray );
    }
    if( epData->jniJavaContext != NULL){
        (*jniEnv)->DeleteGlobalRef( jniEnv, epData->jniJavaContext );
    }

    jniCh->vm->detach( env, jniCh->vm );
    env->l->jkLog(env, env->l, JK_LOG_INFO,
                  "channel_jni.close() ok\n" );

    endpoint->channelData=NULL;
    return JK_OK;

}

/** send a long message
 * @param sd  opened socket.
 * @param b   buffer containing the data.
 * @param len length to send.
 * @return    -2: send returned 0 ? what this that ?
 *            -3: send failed.
 *            >0: total size send.
 * @bug       this fails on Unixes if len is too big for the underlying
 *             protocol.
 * @was: jk_tcp_socket_sendfull
 */
static int JK_METHOD jk2_channel_jni_send(jk_env_t *env, jk_channel_t *_this,
                                          jk_endpoint_t *endpoint,
                                          jk_msg_t *msg)
{
/*    int sd; */
    int  sent=0;
    char *b;
    int len;
    jbyte *nbuf;
    jbyteArray jbuf;
    int jlen=0;
    jboolean iscopy=0;
    JNIEnv *jniEnv;
    jk_channel_jni_private_t *jniCh=_this->_privatePtr;
    jk_ch_jni_ep_private_t *epData=
        (jk_ch_jni_ep_private_t *)endpoint->channelData;

    if( _this->mbean->debug > 0 )
        env->l->jkLog(env, env->l, JK_LOG_DEBUG,"channel_jni.send() %#lx\n", epData );

    if( epData == NULL ) {
        jk2_channel_jni_open( env, _this, endpoint );
        epData=(jk_ch_jni_ep_private_t *)endpoint->channelData;
    }
    if( epData == NULL ){
        env->l->jkLog(env, env->l, JK_LOG_ERROR,"channel_jni.send() error opening channel\n" );
        return JK_ERR;
    }
    if( epData->jniJavaContext == NULL ) {
        env->l->jkLog(env, env->l, JK_LOG_ERROR,"channel_jni.send() no java context\n" );
        jk2_channel_jni_close( env, _this, endpoint );
        return JK_ERR;
    }

    msg->end( env, msg );
    len=msg->len;
    b=msg->buf;

    if( _this->mbean->debug > 0 )
        env->l->jkLog(env, env->l, JK_LOG_DEBUG,"channel_jni.send() (1) %#lx\n", epData );

    jniEnv=NULL; /* epData->jniEnv; */
    jbuf=epData->jarray;

    if( jniCh->writeMethod == NULL ) {
        env->l->jkLog(env, env->l, JK_LOG_EMERG,
                      "channel_jni.send() no write method\n" );
        return JK_ERR;
    }
    if( jniEnv==NULL ) {
        /* Try first getEnv, then attach */
        jniEnv = (JNIEnv *)jniCh->vm->attach( env, jniCh->vm );
        if( jniEnv == NULL ) {
            env->l->jkLog(env, env->l, JK_LOG_INFO,
                          "channel_jni.send() can't attach\n" );
            return JK_ERR;
        }
    }

    if( _this->mbean->debug > 0 )
        env->l->jkLog(env, env->l, JK_LOG_DEBUG,
                      "channel_jni.send() getting byte array \n" );

    /* Copy the data in the ( recycled ) jbuf, then call the
     *  write method. XXX We could try 'pining' if the vm supports
     *  it, this is a looong lived object.
     */
#ifdef JK_JNI_CRITICAL
    nbuf = (*jniEnv)->GetPrimitiveArrayCritical(jniEnv, jbuf, &iscopy);
#else
    nbuf = (*jniEnv)->GetByteArrayElements(jniEnv, jbuf, &iscopy);
 #endif
    if( iscopy )
        env->l->jkLog(env, env->l, JK_LOG_INFO,
                      "channelJni.send() get java bytes iscopy %d\n", iscopy);

    if(nbuf==NULL ) {
        env->l->jkLog(env, env->l, JK_LOG_ERROR,
                      "channelJni.send() Can't get java bytes");
        return JK_ERR;
    }

    memcpy( nbuf, b, len );

#ifdef JK_JNI_CRITICAL
    (*jniEnv)->ReleasePrimitiveArrayCritical(jniEnv, jbuf, nbuf, 0);
#else
    (*jniEnv)->ReleaseByteArrayElements(jniEnv, jbuf, nbuf, 0);
#endif
    if( _this->mbean->debug > 0 )
        env->l->jkLog(env, env->l, JK_LOG_DEBUG,
                      "channel_jni.send() before send %#lx\n",
                      (void *)(long)epData->jniJavaContext);

    sent=(*jniEnv)->CallStaticIntMethod( jniEnv,
                                         jniCh->jniBridge,
                                         jniCh->writeMethod,
                                         (jlong)(long)(void *)env,
                                         epData->jniJavaContext );
    if( _this->mbean->debug > 0 )
        env->l->jkLog(env, env->l, JK_LOG_DEBUG,"channel_jni.send() result %d\n",
                      sent);
    return JK_OK;
}

/**
 * Not used - we have a single thread, there is no 'blocking' - the
 * java side will send messages by calling a native method, which will
 * receive and dispatch.
 */
static int JK_METHOD jk2_channel_jni_recv(jk_env_t *env, jk_channel_t *_this,
                                         jk_endpoint_t *endpoint,
                                         jk_msg_t *msg)
{
/*    jbyte *nbuf; */
/*    jbyteArray jbuf; */
/*    int jlen; */
/*    jboolean iscommit;     */
    jk_channel_jni_private_t *jniCh=_this->_privatePtr;

    env->l->jkLog(env, env->l, JK_LOG_ERROR,
                  "channelJni.recv() method not supported for JNI channel\n");
    return -1;

    /* Old workaround:

    nbuf=(jbyte *)endpoint->currentData;

    if(nbuf==NULL ) {
        env->l->jkLog(env, env->l, JK_LOG_INFO,
                      "channelJni.recv() no jbyte[] was received\n");
        return -1;
    }

    env->l->jkLog(env, env->l, JK_LOG_INFO,
                      "channelJni.recv() receiving %d\n", len);

    memcpy( b, nbuf + endpoint->currentOffset, len );
    endpoint->currentOffset += len;

    return len;
    */
}

/** Called before request processing, to initialize resources.
    All following calls will be in the same thread.
*/
int JK_METHOD jk2_channel_jni_beforeRequest(struct jk_env *env,
                                            jk_channel_t *_this,
                                            struct jk_worker *worker,
                                            struct jk_endpoint *endpoint,
                                            struct jk_ws_service *r )
{
    jk_workerEnv_t *we=worker->workerEnv;

    if( worker->mbean->debug > 0 )
        env->l->jkLog(env, env->l, JK_LOG_DEBUG, "service() attaching to vm\n");

    return JK_OK;
}

/** Called after request processing. Used to be worker.done()
 */
int JK_METHOD jk2_channel_jni_afterRequest(struct jk_env *env,
                                          jk_channel_t *_this,
                                          struct jk_worker *worker,
                                          struct jk_endpoint *endpoint,
                                          struct jk_ws_service *r )
{
    jk_workerEnv_t *we=worker->workerEnv;

    if( we==NULL || we->vm==NULL) {
        return JK_OK;
    }
    /*
     * In case of not having the endpoint detach the jvm.
     * XXX Remove calling this function from ajp13 worker?
     */
    if (endpoint == NULL)
        we->vm->detach( env, we->vm );
    if( worker->mbean->debug > 0 )
        env->l->jkLog(env, env->l, JK_LOG_DEBUG,
                      "channelJni.afterRequest() ok\n");
    return JK_OK;
}

static int JK_METHOD jk2_channel_jni_setProperty(jk_env_t *env,
                                                    jk_bean_t *mbean,
                                                    char *name, void *valueP)
{
    jk_channel_t *ch=(jk_channel_t *)mbean->object;
    char *value=valueP;
    jk_channel_jni_private_t *jniInfo=
        (jk_channel_jni_private_t *)(ch->_privatePtr);

    if( strcmp( "class", name ) == 0 ) {
        jniInfo->className=value;
    }
    /* TODO: apache protocol hooks
    else if( strcmp( "xxxx", name ) == 0 ) {
        jniInfo->xxxx=value;
    }
    */
    else {
        return jk2_channel_setAttribute( env, mbean, name, valueP );
    }
    return JK_OK;
}

/** Called by java. Will take the msg and dispatch it to workerEnv, as if it would
 *  be if received via socket
 */
int JK_METHOD jk2_channel_jni_invoke(jk_env_t *env, jk_bean_t *bean, jk_endpoint_t *ep, int code,
                                     jk_msg_t *msg, int raw)
{
    jk_channel_t *ch=(jk_channel_t *)bean->object;
    int rc=JK_OK;

    if( ch->mbean->debug > 0 )
        env->l->jkLog(env, env->l, JK_LOG_DEBUG,
                      "ch.%d() \n", code);

    code = (int)msg->getByte(env, msg);

    if( ch->mbean->debug > 0 )
        env->l->jkLog(env, env->l, JK_LOG_DEBUG,"channelJni.java2cInvoke() %d\n", code);

    return ep->worker->workerEnv->dispatch( env, ep->worker->workerEnv,
                                            ep->currentRequest, ep, code, ep->reply );
}

static int JK_METHOD jk2_channel_jni_status(jk_env_t *env,
                                            struct jk_worker *worker,
                                            jk_channel_t *_this)
{

    jk_channel_jni_private_t *jniCh=_this->_privatePtr;
    if ( jniCh->status != JNI_TOMCAT_STARTED) {
        jniCh->status = jk_jni_status_code;
        if (jniCh->status != JNI_TOMCAT_STARTED)
            return JK_ERR;
    }
    return JK_OK;
}

int JK_METHOD jk2_channel_jni_factory(jk_env_t *env, jk_pool_t *pool,
                                      jk_bean_t *result,
                                      const char *type, const char *name)
{
    jk_channel_t *ch=result->object;
    jk_workerEnv_t *wEnv;
    jk_channel_jni_private_t *jniPrivate;

    wEnv = env->getByName( env, "workerEnv" );
    ch=(jk_channel_t *)pool->calloc(env, pool, sizeof( jk_channel_t));

    ch->recv= jk2_channel_jni_recv;
    ch->send= jk2_channel_jni_send;
    ch->open= jk2_channel_jni_open;
    ch->close= jk2_channel_jni_close;
    ch->hasinput= jk2_channel_jni_hasinput;

    ch->beforeRequest= jk2_channel_jni_beforeRequest;
    ch->afterRequest= jk2_channel_jni_afterRequest;
    ch->status = jk2_channel_jni_status;

    ch->_privatePtr=jniPrivate=(jk_channel_jni_private_t *)pool->calloc(env, pool,
                                sizeof(jk_channel_jni_private_t));

    jniPrivate->className = JAVA_BRIDGE_CLASS_NAME;
    ch->is_stream=JK_FALSE;

    /* No special attribute */
    result->setAttribute= jk2_channel_jni_setProperty;
    ch->mbean=result;
    result->object= ch;
    result->init= jk2_channel_jni_init;

    ch->workerEnv=wEnv;
    wEnv->addChannel( env, wEnv, ch );

    result->invoke=jk2_channel_jni_invoke;

    return JK_OK;
}

#else

int JK_METHOD jk2_channel_jni_factory(jk_env_t *env, jk_pool_t *pool,
                                      jk_bean_t *result,
                                      const char *type, const char *name)
{
    result->disabled=1;
    return JK_OK;
}

#endif

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


With spring's endless to-do list, it's easy to get bogged down with all you need to get done around your home. One way to limit the stress of your to-do list is by hiring a handyman to handle some of the tasks for you. From cleaning out gutters to installing a new exterior light fixture or helping with interior repairs, a handyman can help you get your home in top shape.
Check credentials – What types of credentials does the handyman have, and what experience has he had in the past? If you'll be hiring your handyman to tackle something that has specific requirements, like plumbing or electrical work, make sure he she is properly certified and licensed. You can also ask for references or examples of past work.
Agree on a rate – Some handymen prefer a per-job fee, while others charge an hourly rate. Determine what the rate will be ahead of time. If it's hourly, find out what the charge is for partial hours. Will you be charged for a full hour for only 15 minutes of work?
Get organized – Make the most of the time you have the handyman in your house by being organized. Know what you want him to do, and have the right supplies and tools on hand, if needed. Organize your to-do list into groups, such as wall repairs, door repairs and window repairs, so they can be tackled in chunks.
Walk through the list before work begins – Before the handyman starts, walk through your home and describe the repairs and the desired outcome. This will ensure you're both on the same page in terms of expectations, methods and desired outcomes.
If the to-do list for your Cincinnati home is getting away from you, consider hiring a handyman to help with the work. Apollo Home Heating, Cooling and Plumbing has a professional handyman service that will make short work out of or your list. Contact us today to get started!


text:
piersaull, charles sylvester (32)
ribuffo, sadie francaviglia, 1915-2005 (16)
john gass (12)
pardo, jean (11)
van wagner, isaac m. (9)
costain, harold haliday (6)
harold haliday costain (6)
lefevre, johannes, 1837-1864 (6)
suckley, henry eglinton montgomery, 1887-1917 (6)
1950? (56)
community & events (202)
still image (589)
image still image (34)
physical object (6)
image text (3)
physical object text (1)
Description: written
Margaret Clark Sumner Manuscript
Unpublished typewritten manuscript written by the daughter of James Starr Clark. The document details his life and work in Annandale and Tivoli (then known alternately as Myersville or Madalin) from the mid to late nineteenth century.
"Bard's Folly"
Theater--New York (State)
Photograph identified as follows: "Bard's Folly." Written and produced by Harvey Fite in Orient Theater (1935), this is a skit about John Bard reluctantly giving his consent to having a college and enrolling the first student. Cast (from left to...
John Bard Letter to Vestry of Trinity Church, Madalin, NY. 1866
Manuscripts;
A letter written by John Bard in response to a letter sent by Trinity Church vestry members James Starr Clark, John H. Hagar, and Henry S. Attwater. Bard is gracious in his response, and he encourages Clark to continue the work of the parish...
Samuel Bard to Dr. John Bard, November 28, 1761
Manuscripts; United States--History--French and Indian War, 1755-1763
This letter was written by nineteen year old Samuel to his father Dr. John Bard. Samuel's ship was captured by the French as he sailed to England to pursue his medical education. Kept as a prisoner of war in the south of France, Samuel later...
William Bard Letter to his Great-Aunt, 1790
Manuscripts; Bard family
This letter was written by William Bard, father of St. Stephen's founder John Bard, to his Great-Aunt, Mary Martha Campbell. In a note appended by Arthur Sands, he mentions that William was born in New York during its occupation by the British. At...
The Bard Band with Judy Diamond performing on air
College radio stations; College students--United States
Judith "Judy" Diamond '52, stands at the microphone while the Bard Band plays backup. The Band performed Dixieland Jazz, and was led by Skip Strong '51, Herbert "Herb" Severtsen '53 on piano, Jordan King on trumpet, Whitney "Whit" Bolton? '51 on...
Samuel Bard letter to his parents, January 23, 1762
Manuscripts; United States--History--French and Indian War, 1755-1763; Seven Years' War, 1756-1763; Imprisonment--France;
In this letter written from a French prison, Samuel Bard reassures his parents that he is well, indicating that he has not yet been a victim of "seasoning," presumably a term of abuse. This letter was written during the fifth month of his...
Diary of Arthur Sandys
Autobiography; Family histories; Sands Family; Slavery
The family memoirs of the Sands (Sandys) family, written by Arthur Sands, grandson of William Bard, and nephew of St. Stephen's founder John Bard. Arthur's father was Ferdinand Sands, who married William Bard's daughter Susan. Ferdinand and Susan...
Receipt book
A handwritten recipe book belonging to Catherine Cruger Bard, wife of William Bard (1778-1853), and mother of John Bard (1819-1899), who helped to found St. Stephen's College. Though the date written on the inside cover is 1803, the book was...
St. Stephen's Graduating Class of 1901
St. Stephen's College (Annandale-on-Hudson, N.Y.); Portraits; Photographs; College students--New York (State); Bard College--History;
The graduates of the St. Stephen's Class of 1901 pose around the seated Reverend George B. Hopson (professor of Latin 1863-1916) outdoors, in front of a large tree. The 1914 alumni directory indicates that the following received Bachelor's degrees...
Osculation vs. Oscillation
St. Stephen's College (Annandale-on-Hudson, N.Y.); College students--New York (State); Academic costume
Five students of St. Stephen's College wearing academic gowns review mathematical equations written on a chalkboard in an Aspinwall classroom. In Reamer Kline's history of the college, this photograph is captioned as follows: "One of the principles...
Donald George Tewksbury
College presidents; Photography;
Donald George Tewksbury was appointed dean of the college by Columbia's president, Nicholas Murray Butler in 1933. Tewksbury outlined a progressive new educational program for the college that was approved by the board of trustees. To signal these...
Jesse Woodhull Salary list
Wages;
Jesse Woodhull paid the people on this hand written list which includse many prominent land owner's, leading us to suspect that this is related to some official project. Jesse Woodhull was involved in overseeing the roadways, school district...
An Idea Worth Millions.
Clippings; Dairy products; Railroads; Milk; Dairying; Milkmen & milkwomen;
Newspaper clipping relates an early history of the fresh milk dairy industry. Believe written by Edward Harold Mott, famed author of "Between the Ocean and the Lakes; The Story of Erie."
Two Young Couples with Horses postcard
Postcards; Photographic postcards; Couples; Horses;
Photo postcard of two young couples with horses. Message written from Dora.
Christmas cards; Postcards; Art; Children; Costumes; Greeting cards; Illustrations; Lithography
Christmas Greeting post card from the scrapbook of Master George Hawkins, written by his Aunt Carrie.
Photograph of the interior of the substation at the Albany and Hudson Railroad station, North Chatham, N.Y., 1900.
Machinery; Industrial facilities; Railroads; Electric railroads; Railroad stations
Interior of the substation in the Albany and Hudson Railroad station at North Chatham. Five men are inside the substation room with a turbine on the right. Written on original negative envelope: "No. 44 Sept-2-1900 Interior Power House at No....
Photograph of Kinderhook Knitting Co. employees outside the Hoes Building, Kinderhook, N.Y., 1882 - 1905.
Textile industry; Mills; Men; Women; Children; Photographic prints
35 men, women, and children outside the Kinderhook Knitting Mill. A high wheel bicycle is in the center of the image. Written on front of image: "My father Mike L. Hickey [with an arrow pointing to the second man from left] Kinderhook Knitting...
Photograph of the Hudson Iron Works, Hudson, N.Y., 1860 - 1870.
Iron industry; Industrial facilities; Photographic prints
Hudson Iron Works building, Hudson, New York, with railroad tracks and South Bay in the foreground. The village of Athens is visible across the Hudson River. This photograph is a modern copy print; the original image appears to have been a glass...
Postcard of Edward Haddy in his shoe store, Valatie, N.Y., 1890 - 1920.
Stores & shops; Men; Postcards
Edward Haddy leaning on store counter, shelves of shoe boxes in background. Photographic postcard with divided back. Written on back: "grandpa Edward Haddy taken at Valatie, N.Y. in his shoe store."


text:
Q: Store a list of Guids in MongoDb as a list of strings I want to store a list of Guids as a list of Strings in MongoDB. For a single Guid I use the following attribute:
[BsonRepresentation(BsonType.String)]
public Guid GuidId{ get; set; }

Is there an attribute to do the same with:
public List<Guid> GuidIdList { get; set; }

I found how you can do it with conventions but I really like to do it with an attribute:
How can I tell the MongoDB C# driver to store all Guids in string format?

A: After a suggestion from someone at work, I've tried this with a small test:
[BsonRepresentation(BsonType.String)]
public List<Guid> GuidIds { get; set; }

Guess what, that is working! This is what you see in MongoDB:
{
  "_id" : ObjectId("5450fa00f0640335e4117d46"),
  "GuidId" : "f9e22da8-97c5-4dc7-ab26-ce5e095427a4",
  "GuidIds" : ["48e1d0a9-74a6-4b51-af6b-b217012adeac", "5e1751b1-d945-4baa-beed-847e9696caa9"]
}

So the attribute is working on the elements inside the list. I thought it would make a string-representation of the list itself.

Extra info, without the attribute
public List<Guid> GuidIds { get; set; }

You get this in MongoDB:
{
  "_id" : ObjectId("5450fc4bf0640327b82cb259"),
  "GuidId" : "e76f37a1-eba6-4afe-8ee4-8d431f97978c",
  "GuidIds" : [new BinData(3, "E4x6bMtj606H06snHwmVGw=="), new BinData(3, "uV9vktKLzkOF/ylcOckfYg==")]
}


text:
Q: Sorting numbers and text properly with XSLT I am putting together a list of names. But when I sort the list the numbers don't sort the way I want them to.
Here's the pertinent section of the XSLT:
<xsl:template match="index">
<index><xsl:for-each select="indexitem">
<xsl:sort select="translate(name, '<"', '')"/>
<xsl:sort select="searchscott" data-type="number"/>
<indexitem>
<xsl:apply-templates select="name"></xsl:apply-templates>
<xsl:apply-templates select="scott"/>
<xsl:apply-templates select="searchscott"/>
<xsl:apply-templates select="searchterm"/>
</indexitem></xsl:for-each></index>
</xsl:template>

Sample XML:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
<index xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"><indexitem>
<name>3-Leaf Clover Snowflake</name>
<scott>(4102)</scott>
<searchscott>4102</searchscott>
<searchterm>3-Leaf Clover Snowflake</searchterm></indexitem>
<indexitem>
<name>2004 Olympic Games Athens</name>
<scott>(3863)</scott>
<searchscott>3863</searchscott>
<searchterm>2004 Olympic Games Athens</searchterm>
</indexitem>
<indexitem>
<name>1943, Turning The Tide</name>
<scott>(2765-)</scott>
<searchscott>2765-</searchscott>
<searchterm>1943: Turning The Tide</searchterm>
</indexitem>
<indexitem>
<name>50s Sporty Cars</name>
<scott>(3931-3935)</scott>
<searchscott>3931-3935</searchscott>
<searchterm>50s Sporty Cars</searchterm>
</indexitem>
<indexitem>
<name><Valley of the Yosemite>, by Albert Bierstadt</name>
<scott>(4346)</scott>
<searchscott>4346</searchscott>
<searchterm>Albert Bierstadt, Valley of the Yosemite</searchterm>
</indexitem>
<indexitem>
<name>13 - Star Flag over Independence Hall</name>
<scott>(1622)</scott>
<searchscott>1622</searchscott>
<searchterm>13 - Star Flag over Independence Hall</searchterm>
</indexitem>
<indexitem>
<name>1606 Voyage of Samuel de Champlain</name>
<scott>(4073)</scott>
<searchscott>4073</searchscott>
<searchterm>1606 Voyage of Samuel de Champlain</searchterm>
</indexitem>
<indexitem>
<name>Racing Car 1911</name>
<scott>(2262)</scott>
<searchscott>2262</searchscott>
<searchterm>17.Racing Car 1911</searchterm>
</indexitem>
<indexitem>
<name>Duryea, 1893</name>
<scott>(3019)</scott>
<searchscott>3019</searchscott>
<searchterm>1893 Duryea</searchterm>
</indexitem>
</index>

Am I dreaming to think I can get the smaller numbers to sort first? Such as:
<name>3-Leaf Clover Snowflake</name>
<name>13 - Star Flag over Independence Hall</name>
<name>50s Sporty Cars</name>
<name>1606 Voyage of Samuel de Champlain</name>
<name>2004 Olympic Games Athens</name>

Or, is this just impossible?
Thanks

A: Consider the following adjustment using substring-before() and translate() attempting to slice the name by the space after the numbers. This is the best I can do. Try editing document or software output of xml in removing hyphens (i.e., 3-Leaf) and joining letters like in (i.e., 50s).
Also, do note the processor still considers it a string sorted as such and not be numeric value.
<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" version="1.0">
<xsl:output method="xml" indent="yes" omit-xml-declaration="no" />

<xsl:template match="index">
  <index>
    <xsl:for-each select="indexitem">
      <xsl:sort select="substring-before(translate(name, '-', ' '), ' ')"/>

      <xsl:copy-of select="." />

    </xsl:for-each>
  </index>
</xsl:template>

</xsl:stylesheet>


"TeachSurfing" gives you the opportunity to share your knowledge with local communities worldwide! Whatever your expertise is – languages, web design, or human rights – they connect you to schools, NGOs and other local communities.
Learn more about the opportunity to share your knowledge through workshops and talks.
CEO and founder of TeachSurfing gUG, Miganoush Magarian, has spent the last three years building a global network connecting volunteers who want to share their knowledge with over 200 schools and organisations worldwide.
Miganoush holds Bachelor's and Master's degrees in Software Engineering from Iran and Sweden respectively. She has over six years' experience working as software developer and project manager for Ericsson AB in Sweden and the SAP Innovation Center in Germany. She is active in promoting alternative education programs, and was selected as the One Young World international leadership network's Speaker and Ambassador. Miganoush enjoys sharing her knowledge both at home and abroad. To date, she has offered free IT and business development workshops for schools and NGOs in Armenia, South Africa and Serbia.
TeachSurfing is a social business founded in August 2015 that works to enable people to share their skills, knowledge and culture with local communities across the world, overcoming cultural barriers in the process. The Host Organizations number over 200 schools, NGOs, and communities with diverse learning needs from 50 countries, all of which are registered on TeachSurfing's online platform. To date, they have prepared and supported over 100 TeachSurfers, their volunteer experts, to deliver over 150 workshops to Host Organizations across seven countries.
Beata Pyszniak holds a senior management role at "TeachSurfing" as Operations Director. She works to manage and expand TeachSurfing's online platform and worldwide community of volunteers and Host Organisations. She is also part of the co-founding team.
Beata has an educational background in management of cultural diversity, migration studies and intercultural communication, and has many years' experience managing social and cultural projects and events across the public, private and NGO sectors. She has also supported many social businesses in Berlin to expand their operations, such as "Impact Hub" and "NUMA Berlin". In her free time, she works as a freelancer at one of the oldest theaters in Berlin.
Beata is passionate about empowering people and improving social cohesion through making knowledge and skills sharing more accessible to the masses. She is a champion of animal rights and hosts "TeachSurfing" workshops in this area when she travels.
"TeachSurfing" is a social business founded in August 2015 that works to enable people to share their skills, knowledge and culture with local communities across the world, overcoming cultural barriers in the process. The Host Organizations number over 200 schools, NGOs, and communities with diverse learning needs from 50 countries, all of which are registered on TeachSurfing's online platform. To date, they have prepared and supported over 100 TeachSurfers, their volunteer experts, to deliver over 150 workshops to Host Organizations across seven countries.


The blog below was submitted by Rich Maltzman and Dave Shirley of EarthPM.
There were sharks in the waters almost as soon as we began our Fall Workshop project management training in Columbus, Ohio. This is strange considering the distance from either the Atlantic or Pacific Oceans. Still, there they were, as we introduced personality type and their impact on projects and the role of the project manager.
Yes, we asserted, you may be a shy, retiring inventor, stuck in the garage and working on the latest advanced power control module or a whole new type of gear mechanism… but you must be able to shift to (at least temporarily) an extroverted "pitch maker" when it comes time to 'sell' that idea to a key stakeholder or sponsor.
And for that, we used the analogy of CNBC's popular "Shark Tank" TV program. As we moved through the class, we introduced a mini-project for the students in which they had to develop a Patagonia-branded mountain bike, developing the mission and vision statement, statement of work, Work Breakdown Structure, and even apply things like Kano Analysis to their projects.
But that image of Shark Tank stuck with us and it just seemed like it was perfect to go ahead and have the students actually "pitch" their ideas to – you guessed it – a group of Sharks.
So, thanks to Nicole Lambiase, a 'school' of Sharks was assembled, consisting of Kristen De La Rosa, Connie Bezanson, and Brian Benoy, who really took on their roles and we had the students prepare pitches which were given to the Sharks. We even included the introduction music from the show and had the students take that deadly walk from the door to the floor in which they had to face this vicious group.
Each team got a series of questions from the Sharks and then they provided scores to EarthPM, who tallied these scores along with scoring from the actual mini-project elements. The winning team was even awarded a prize – the privilege of selecting their time for a presentation later in the EcoCAR 3 program.
It was great to see these students succeed in the 'Shark Tank' exercise. We look forward to seeing the students again at the Winter Workshop in Austin!


It is with great sadness that we must report the passing of legendary saxophonist, Deadly Headley Bennett.
Deadly Headley passed away at his home on August 21st at the age of 85. He had been suffering from back and prostate issues since 2013, and two Sundays ago, he passed away suddenly after being up and about earlier in the day. We will pay tribute to Deadly Headley's impressively prolific career for the full two hours of this week's show. Headley received the Order of Distinction in 2005 for all of his contributions to the progress of Jamaican music, and in this program, you're going to hear some of the biggest tracks in Jamaican music because Deadly Headley was there for those history changing moments.
Born as Felix Bennett in Kingston, Deadly Headley started his music education at an exceptionally young age, enrolling in the Alpha Boys Catholic school at the age of five. With the education and support of the school's music program, Deadly Headley emerged from the school ten years later, at the mere age of 15, as an accomplished saxophone player.
As the fifties arrived, Bennett performed primarily in jazz, and as the sixties arrived, he had established himself as an excellent performer and session musician. Bennett's recording career had a sudden and surprise beginning. Bennett performed and hung out with Rico, and when Rico was invited to play Coxsone's sound system, Deadly Headley was part of the horn section. During this performance, Coxsone's friend spotted him, and suggested that Bennett should be playing for Coxsone's recordings.
Coxsone invited Bennett to Federal Studios, and Deadly Headley first recorded "Independence Blues" for him, with Lester Sterling also on the recording, which created a battle for solos between Lester and Deadly Headley. "Independence Blues" was cut for Coxsone's D. Darling label and features the voice and guitar of Basil Gabbidon, and it is the track that would start Bennett's many decade career in the recording industry. Consequently, it is the track that will started tonight's memorial on Deadly Headley Bennett.
In the early 1960s, Deadly Headley would play for a multitude of producers in the ska era and Bennett would continue to record for Studio One during this time. Included in the tracks recorded for Coxsone Dodd is Wailer Peter Tosh's "Maga Dog," which features a wonderful solo from Headley Bennett. That was the track we played next on the show.
In 1966, rocksteady would become the preferred beat of the time, and Deadly Headley would play on some of the era's finest tracks. Of course, during the rocksteady, the band that was most in demand bore the name of the man who invented the rhythm, Lyn Taitt. We then heard two instrumental tracks that feature Taitt's guitar and Headley's beautiful sax sound.
In 1969, Deadly Headley went to Canada and returned in 1977 and when Headley returned to Jamaica in '77, he was in as much demand as ever and performs on some of the most legendary albums of the era. We went through album after album of his recordings from 1977 to 1979 and selected our favorite performances from Headley from those full length records.
Only one full length album bears Headley's name in the title as the featured artist…35 Years From Alpha was produced in 1982 by the king of On-U Sound, Adrian Sherwood and featured Headley on alto sax, Bim Sherman on vocals, and fittingly his former horn section partner Rico on trombone. To end this two hour tribute to Headley, we played two selections from that amazing album.


text:
Keoma is a hamlet in southern Alberta under the jurisdiction of Rocky View County.

Keoma is located approximately 35 km (21 mi) northeast of Downtown Calgary, on Highway 566, 2.0 km (1.2 mi) east of Highway 9 and 19 km (12 mi) north of the Trans-Canada Highway.

Keoma is an Indigenous name for "over there", far away. The hamlet was settled in 1910 when the Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR) opened up land for irrigation. It is assumed that the CPR named the site, but this is not definitive. The post office was in operation from January 15, 1910 to June 27, 1986.

Demographics
In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Keoma had a population of 95 living in 37 of its 40 total private dwellings, a change of  from its 2016 population of 94. With a land area of , it had a population density of  in 2021.

The population of Keoma according to the 2018 municipal census conducted by Rocky View County is 89, an increase from its 2013 municipal census population count of 67.

As a designated place in the 2016 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Keoma had a population of 104 living in 38 of its 38 total private dwellings, a change of  from its 2011 population of 87. With a land area of , it had a population density of  in 2016.

See also
List of communities in Alberta
List of hamlets in Alberta

References

Karamitsanis, Aphrodite (1992). Place Names of Alberta – Volume II, Southern Alberta, University of Calgary Press, Calgary, Alberta.

Read, Tracey (1983). Acres and Empires – A History of the Municipal District of Rocky View, Calgary, Alberta.

Calgary Region
Designated places in Alberta
Hamlets in Alberta
Rocky View County

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Heterogeneity has recently gained a lot of attention and it is becoming more apparent that it is a crucial feature in neural processing [1–5]. Despite its importance, this realistic physiological feature has traditionally been neglected in theoretical studies of cortical neural networks. A common reason is that mean-field descriptions of noisy cortical networks are high dimensional and generally intractable. Although heterogeneous spiking neural networks have recently been studied theoretically [5–8], there is still a lot unknown. In particular, combining network heterogeneity  and intrinsic heterogeneity  have yet to be considered simultaneously despite the fact that both are known to exist and likely have significant roles in neural network dynamics.
To this end, we study a recurrently coupled spiking network of leaky integrate-and-fire (LIF) neurons consisting of excitatory and inhibitory neurons. The intrinsic heterogeneity is modeled by varying the voltage threshold for spiking , and the network heterogeneity is modeled by different conductance strengths (partially motivated by recent results , both excitatory and inhibitory conductances are scaled so each neuron has a different level of balanced input). Unsurprisingly, we find that when either intrinsic or network heterogeneity is increased, the response heterogeneity also increases (i.e., the range of the average firing rate of the excitatory neurons also increases). However, for a fixed level of both forms of heterogeneity, the network robustly exhibits a wide range of response heterogeneity that strongly depends on the relationship between intrinsic and network heterogeneity. This coupled network is difficult to analyze because it is stochastic, heterogeneous, and high dimensional with alpha function synapses and colored external noisy input. With combination of Monte Carlo simulations and augmented mean-field theory based partially on methods in [12–15], we provide analytic explanations to account for the observed phenomena. Our work gives insight for how these two forms of heterogeneity interact in a generic recurrent spiking network that may be applicable to many areas of the cortex.


text:
Consultation on the Canadian Pacific Railway Company – Scotford Subdivision Extension
The Canadian Transportation Agency (CTA) is requesting public comments on the application by the Canadian Pacific Railway Company (CP) for approval to construct a railway line as part of an extension of its Scotford Subdivision.
The Canada Transportation Act gives the CTA the authority to approve the construction of federally-regulated railway lines.
The CTA can approve an application to construct a railway line if it determines that the location of the railway line is reasonable. The CTA takes into consideration the:
requirements for railway operations and services; and
interests of the localities affected by the railway line.
CP's proposed Scotford Subdivision Extension (extension) would extend its current rail service southwest of its current terminus. The extension will add 3.9 kilometres of rail to service Inter Pipeline's Heartland Petrochemical Complex which includes a facility that will process propane into polypropylene pellets. The extension will be constructed on a new right-of-way on CP's private lands.
Call for comments
You are invited to submit your comments on the following questions:
How would the proposed railway line affect you? Describe any expected benefits or concerns that you have.
If you have concerns, what could be done to address them?
Do you need additional information, beyond what CP has provided in its application and supplemental documents, in order to understand how the construction and operation of the proposed railway line would affect you? Describe what type of information you require.
The deadline for submitting your written comments is the close of business on November 22, 2019.
All submissions sent to the CTA will be considered public documents. The comments, including the submitter's name, may be posted on our website unless the submitter makes a claim for confidentiality which is accepted by the CTA.
Email: Secretariat@otc-cta.gc.ca
Application (English only, as supplied)
Supplemental Filing #1 (English only, as supplied)
Project Summary - Scotford Subdivision Extension (English only, as supplied)
CP Commitments to Environmental Protection and Management (English only, as supplied)
CP's application is available for consultation in person at the following locations:
Fort Saskatchewan Public Library, 10011 102 Street, Fort Saskatchewan, AB T8L 2C5
Gibbons Public Library, 5115 51 Street, Gibbons, AB, T0A 1N0
See Determination No. R-2020-65.


text:
Die Liste der Monuments historiques in La Vraie-Croix führt die Monuments historiques in der französischen Gemeinde La Vraie-Croix auf.

Liste der Bauwerke

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Liste der Objekte
 Monuments historiques (Objekte) in La Vraie-Croix in der Base Palissy des französischen Kultusministeriums

Literatur
 Le Patrimoine des Communes du Morbihan. Flohic Editions, Band 1, Paris 1996, ISBN 2-84234-009-4, S. 230–232.

Weblinks

La VraieCroix