text:
Membersadmin2020-07-29T14:21:31+00:00
PDLI founding members and organizations
The Bar Association of Madrid (ICAM)
Founded in 1596, currently the Bar Bar Association of Madrid (ICAM) has more than 77,000 members. Since 2013, Sonia Gumpert has been chairperson, the first woman to hold this position. As part of their duties, the Bar has always been motivated by causes affecting the basic rights of citizens. Recent examples of this include the petition to waive court fees, the rights of detainees, and the defense of free legal aid. The chairperson, Sonia Gumpert, holds the Vice Presidency of the FIDP.
Twitter: @icam_es Website: http://web.icam.es/
The Progressive Prosecutor's Association (UPF)
The Progressive Prosecutor's Association (UPF) is a professional association of prosecutors founded in 1985. Together with other associations of European judges and prosecutors, including the Spanish Judges for Democracy (JPD), they belong to the association of European Judges for Democracy and Freedom (MEDEL). The UPF have publicly spoken out against the curtailing of rights, court fees, and for the rights of migrant people and the right of free expression for judges and prosecutors.
Twitter: @UPFiscales Website: http://www.upfiscales.com/
The Federation of Journalist Trade Unions (FeSP)
The Federation of Journalist Trade Unions (FeSP) joins independent unions of information professionals. The unions of the FeSP "represent workers whose principal livelihoods derive from periodic reporting in any format or medium, including presently active professionals as well as the unemployed or retired". The FeSP is a member of the European Federation of Journalists (FEP), the International Federation of Journalists (FIP), and the Forum of Journalist Organizations.
Twitter: @FeSPeriodistas Website: http://www.fesp.org/
eldiario.es is a digital news site launched in 2012, which has become a reference point as much for its independent news as for its member supported financial model. From its standpoint on human rights and freedom of information, their editorial priorities include cooperation with other social collectives and projects as part of the larger discussion.
Leader of Spain's freely-distributed press and the first Spanish daily newspaper to publish under a Creative Commons license, 15 years after its launch 20minutos is now a touchstone in social and citizen journalism, Internet innovation, and reader participation. It's the second most widely read printed news in Spain (EGM), and the second most-widely read in Spanish (comsCore) and the fourth most-read online Spanish news (comsCore). Print editions are available in eight cities (Madrid, Barcelona, Valencia, Zaragoza, Seville, Granada, Cordoba and Malaga). Their public service reporting has been recognized with numerous awards and distinctions.
Twitter: @20m Website: http://www.20minutos.es/
The Consumer and Users Organization (OCU)
The Consumer and Users Organization (OCU) is a nonprofit, private, independent association founded in 1975 for the promotion of consumer interests, helping consumers to assert their rights. The OCU does not depend on subsidies; they boast more than 300,000 members whose fees fund all the organization's activities. Their actions are geared towards the continual improvement of living conditions for consumers and users. In particular, the OCU calls for the recognition by law and the full ability to exercise the following rights: the right to effective protection against risks that threaten the health and safety of consumers and users; the right to effective protection against risks capable of causing economic harm; the right to advice, assistance and reparation of damages suffered by consumers and users; the right to information and education; the right to a hearing, counsel and representation, and the right of consumers and users to participate in the process of making decisions which concern them.
Twitter: @consumidores Website: http://www.ocu.org/organizacion/
Manuel Maroto Calatayud
Professor of Criminal Law at the University of Castilla-la Mancha (UCLM). Doctorate in Law from the University of Castilla-La Mancha, with a thesis entitled "Corruption and funding of political parties: a political-criminal analysis" (2012). His main areas of research have been corruption and the financing of political parties, the criminal liability of legal entities, and notable tech-related criminal-political trends.
Twitter: @manumaroto Website: http://uclm.academia.edu/ManuelMaroto
Manuel Sánchez de Diego Fernández de la Riva
Professor of Constitutional Law at Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), is a lawyer and journalist. Doctor (1991) and BA (1981) in Law from UCM. Degree in Information Sciences (Journalism) from UCM (1984). Advanced Studies Diploma (2010) in Communication Management: Public Relations, Information and Publicity from the University of Vigo. Diploma in Constitutional Law and Political Science (1981-1983) from the Center for Constitutional and Political Studies. Chairperson of the selection board for entrance examinations to Judiciary (2000 and 2001) and Public Prosecution (2001) degree programs. European expert in Phare anticorruption programs in Romania and Slovakia (2002).
Website: https://www.linkedin.com/pub/manuel-sanchez-de-diego-frdez-de-la-riva/18/38a/85b
Networking, Movements and Technopolitics
Research Group of the UOC (IN3-UOC). Research group of the "Internet Interdisciplinary Institute" (IN3) of the Open University of Catalonia (UOC). Defined as "a laboratory for the research and analysis of network movements, based on the experience and knowledge resulting from the intersection between movements and the university." They're dedicated to contributing to the analysis of the processes of social mobilization "which have emerged in the world since the crisis began in 2008, and especially since 2011, in which networks have played a crucial role."
Twitter: @Tecnopolítica_ Website: http://tecnopolitica.net/
Disopress
News agency founded 2013, specializing in social content, "understanding that social is a broad concept encompassing politics, culture, ecology, feminism and labor". From this point of view, their coverage closely follows mobilizations and citizen protests (demonstrations, imprisonments, evictions, etc.) which do not always find room in the mainstream media.
Twitter: @Disopress Website: http://disopress.com/index.php
Virginia Pérez Alonso
Journalist. Founder of 20minutos in 2000, Spain's first freely distributed newspaper. Became deputy director of its online edition between 2008 and 2012, during which time it rose as a leader in innovation and social journalism to become one of the three most-read online Spanish newspapers in the world. Deputy editor-in-chief of Grupo 20 Minutos since 2012, where she comanaged all publications and led the digital transformation of the editorial group. Won the iRedes award in 2012 for representing a new generation of media executives who understand the cultural transformation required in newsrooms. Formerly worked at La Voz de Galicia, EFE, Radiovoz and Cinco Días. Acted as juror for several of the most prestigious journalism contests, including the Gabriel García Márquez Journalism Award and the Miguel Delibes National Journalism Prize. Frequently attends conferences, symposia, congresses and seminars on journalism and its treatment of issues related to human rights and inequality. Occasional radio and television contributor. Has been elected President of the FIDP.
Twitter: @virginiapalonso. Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/virginiapalonsoperiodista
Mario Tascón
Journalist specializing in the digital world and new media. Managing partner of the consultancy Prodigioso Volcán. Former deputy editor of El Mundo and the first director and driving force behind elmundo.es; general manager of digital content at Grupo Prisa and managing editor of lainformacion.com, as well as consultant to more than 20 international media outlets. Teacher at the Gabriel García Márquez New Latin American Journalism Foundation. Author or co-author of books including "Twittergrafía", "Writing on the Internet: a guide to new media and social networks", "Cyberactivism: the new revolutions of the connected masses" and novels like "The Bastard Bible". Chairperson for FIDP.
Twitter:@mtascon Website: http://www.prodigiosovolcan.com/
Carlos Sánchez Almeida
Practicing lawyer since 1987, involved in activism for civil liberties on the Internet since 1995. Contributor to numerous digital media outlets. Chairperson and Legal Director of FIDP.
Twitter: @bufetalmeida Website: http://www.bufetalmeida.com
Juan Luis Sánchez
Founder and Deputy Director of eldiario.es. Specialized in new media and its connection with political and social debates. Radio and television contributor. Author of "The 10 Tides of Change" and other publications on communication and network society. He teaches at the Official Master of Innovation in Journalism program at Miguel Hernández University. He is a member and Information Director at FIDP.
Twitter: @juanlusanchez
Stéphane M. Grueso
Documentary filmmaker. Developed his career in Spain and Germany, where he has lived for 7 years. Creator of documentaries such as "Copyright, or the right to copy" and "15M: Excellent. A Wake-up Call. Important". Copromoter of the project 15M.cc. Works in education, teaching transmedia, new formats, new technologies and media, cultural management and audiovisual production. Writes for #Interferencias, an ElDiario.es opinion blog. Active in networks, social actions and movements in Madrid. He is Treasurer of the FIDP, and in charge of training.
Twitter: @fanetin Website: http://steph.es
Journalist. Researcher on social movements and their relation to the internet and media. Author of books including "Society, consumers and media", and "Cyberactivism: the new revolutions of the connected masses" (co-authored with Mario Tascón). Works in a consumer organization. Writes for Diario Turing (ElDiario.es) on privacy, hacktivism and digital rights. Coordinator and Secretary General of FIDP.
Twitter: @Y_quintana
Joan Barata
Intermediary Liability Fellow at Center for Internet and Society at Stanford Center for Internet & Society. He is an international expert in freedom of expression, freedom of information and media regulation. As a scholar, he has spoken and done extensive research in these areas, working and collaborating with various universities and academic centers, from Asia to Africa and America, authoring papers, articles and books, and addressing specialized Parliament committees. He was Principal Adviser to the Representative on Freedom of the Media at the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE), as well as Secretary General of the Catalan Audio-Visual Council in Spain, while also being a member of the Secretariat of the Mediterranean Network of Regulatory Authorities. As an international expert, Joan has provided advice to international organizations, NGOs, Governments, legislators and regulators in most regions of the world, including Africa, Asia and Latin America. Joan spends most of him time leaping from one continent to the other, having one constant in the ever changing landscape: his awesome kid in Barcelona.
Twitter: @joanbarata
Sonia Sánchez
Journalist. Communication Director with extensive experience in national political journalism both in television and radio, now in the tourism and hotel industry. Bachelor of Journalism and Executive MBA from IE Business School. Enthusiast of teamwork, analytical and creative. Responsible for the "Woman" area of the PDLI.
Twitter: @sanchez_sonia


text:
Tag: marry me train
'The Walking Dead' star on the finale of 'The Killing Season'
In a way, the final season of the hit AMC series "The Walking Bad" is the culmination of the series' most famous story arc.In "The…
Porn star Marry Me Train Girls stars on how she has 'been treated'
In June 2017, porn star Marriell Monroe was found dead at a Las Vegas hotel.The actress had suffered a severe head injury and had been…

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Visit BC Casinos and Hotels. With 17 locations offering slots, table games and a variety of entertainment, thrills are always close by.United States. Close Window. Text Size. ATM & Branch Locations Click on the map to find the nearest HSBC branch. Search by City, Street or Zip. ATM & Branch Locations.Whether petting crocodiles, feeding hummingbirds or bobbing down the Rio Grande on a bamboo raft as calypso bands play bankside, families can have a wonderfully wild time in laid-back Jamaica. Browse all Tim Hortons for great-tasting, freshly-brewed coffee. Try our lattes, cappuccinos, espresso, hot chocolate and tea.Living up to every pre-trip fantasy, Paris has a constellation of starring sights from the atmospheric Notre Dame to the elegant Eiffel Tower to thrilling Parc Asterix, DisneyLand Paris and the wonders of the Louvre.
Swim in the calm, clear waters of Le Gallion or Pinel Island beaches, hike through rain forest-like landscapes at Loterie Farm, or chase fluttering, colorful creatures at the Butterfly Farm.Locations in Maps Refined by. United States Coast Survey Remove. Show: Alphabetically By Number of Matches. Previous Next. Locations.
Search for UPS drop boxes and retail locations where you can ship and collect packages. US Online Gambling Sites; Best Gambling. These offshore casinos are set up in locations. Many US residents are confused over the legality of online gambling in. These frequently asked questions address ICE's sensitive locations policy and. aliens who have been ordered removed from the United States but have.
Florida casinos, cruise ships, horsetracks and dogtracks - the complete gambling landscape of Florida. Includes Florida casino details, gambling news and tweets in.
The table below provides your voting locations and the names and contact information for the Precinct Chairs for the Goliad County Democratic Party.Casino Locations. Casino Locations in Arizona. Tribes with Compacts with Casinos. Tribes with Compacts without Casinos. Contact Us. Gaming Main Office.
Guide to United States casinos and gambling Wikipedia: Florida casinos Florida casino directory Florida gambling forum. Top Online Casinos in United States. Eighteen casinos spread across the state call Minnesota home, all owned and operated by the various Native American tribes in the state. The casinos range in size.
Mandarin has 27 restaurants to serve you across Ontario. We invite you to visit our award-winning, all-you-can-eat buffet, and enjoy our huge selection of delicious.Go whale-watching, take a glass bottom boat to see iguanas running on the beaches of Little Water Cay, visit the popular Caicos Conch Farm or cool off in calm and shallow Sapodilla Bay.
The Bahamas offers families 700 islands of fun, sun and nature.Do you want to play at a Online Casino USA and don't know how to go about it? Playing your favorite casino games at a state-of-the-art Online Casino USA has just.Locations in Maps Refined by. Map Remove Date: 1800-1899 Remove Subject: United States Remove Subject: Cadastral Maps Remove. Show:.
Click on one of the pins above or locations below to get more information about a Dave & Buster's location. New Dave & Buster's locations are. Ontario (USA) CA.Teeming with appealingly priced family resorts and with a smorgasbord of natural wonders just waiting to be explored, the three lively U.S. Virgin Islands offer plenty of thrills both above and below the waves. Search results 1 - 25 of 165. data compiled by W.L.Walker from locations by Charles A. Haldimand Sumner - Mechlin, J. R. P. - United States. Army.
Best Casinos in Phoenix, AZ, United States - Talking Stick Resort, Casino Arizona, Wild Horse Pass Hotel and Casino, Desert Diamond Casino - West Valley, Vee Quiva.Patient Care Centers. DynaLIFE understands laboratory tests are important to your health and wellness. These tests assist your physician in diagnosing any medical.
Find great family vacation ideas and travel inspiration from TripAdvisor, your source for the web's best reviews and travel articles.Families can swim with sea lions, dolphins--or sharks for the truly adventurous--at Ocean World, or go into the tropical island jungle on a Jeep safari.
Thrifty Car Rental: location and directions, store hours, and contact information.Michigan casinos are entertainment centers packed with action and amenities that are sure to thrill. T Many of Michigan's casinos are connected to luxury resorts or.From the ghoulish bone-decorated Santa Maria della Concezione to the delicious slew of ice cream stops around the city, Rome is sure to have something unforgettable for everyone.Best Casinos in Vancouver, BC - Parq Vancouver, River Rock Casino Resort, Grand Villa Casino, Starlight Casino, Guys & Dolls Billiards, Hastings Park Casino, Great.
Then look to St. Kitts. Sunbathe and swim on long stretches of pristine beaches, tour lava formations and tropical forests, visit the massive Brimstone Hill Fortress, or ride the Sugar Express.casinos in tennessee locations at Riverwind Casino in Norman. Come Start Your Hot Streak Today!520 Reviews, 257 User Photos. Compare Prices and Book Now!There are no.
Swim in clear waters, build sand castles and explore ancient geological formations, petroglyphs, nature trails and plantation ruins.Use your PAC card when playing slots or table games to earn free parking at Casino Niagara. Join us at the Market Buffet for. Must be 19 years of age or older.


text:
Lampyris sardiniae is een keversoort uit de familie glimwormen (Lampyridae). De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1987 door Geisthardt.

Glimwormen

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Chicago Cubs: Where will Kyle Schwarber play in Chicago?
By Paul Steeno
Like so many other young players on this Chicago Cubs roster, former first-round pick Kyle Schwarber is a player without a set position. In his current Major League call-up stint, Schwarber will fulfill the role of designated hitter although this isn't a long-term solution since the Cubs are a National League team. Is Schwarber destined to continue to play catcher as he did during his time at Indiana University? Or are the demands of this position so inherently risky that the Cubs will place him elsewhere to preserve his Major League longevity?
Schwarber was recently called up to partake in a five-game stint as the designated hitter in two American League ballparks. He made his first Major League at-bat on Tuesday against the Cleveland Indians when starting catcher Miguel Montero was ejected in the top of the eighth inning after arguing balls and strikes. Schwarber's first Major League at-bat ended in a strikeout, however; last night he enjoyed a greater amount of success.
Last night against the Cleveland Indians, Schwarber went 4-for-5 at the plate, one of those hits being a triple. Schwarber has been highly touted for his bat, so the results last night are hardly surprising. Cubs President Theo Epstein continues to reiterate that one of the most important purposes of Schwarber's call up is to continue his development as a catcher.
"He'll really benefit from seeing what goes into being a major league catcher, seeing how much preparation there is, how to work with the scouting reports, all that pregame preparation. I think he'll benefit in that way."
Schwarber will also benefit from shadowing Miguel Montero and David Ross, two veteran catchers in the Major Leagues that have had success at this position.
At Indiana University, Schwarber split his time between catching and playing in the outfield. A few major impediments are giving the Cubs hesitation in committing to making him a catcher long-term.
For starters, Schwarber is only average at fielding the catcher position. Bleacher report featured columnist Adam Wells ran a scouting report on Schwarber shortly after he was drafted by the Chicago Cubs last season. Here is what he had to say about Schwarber defensively.
"Even though Schwarber played catcher in college, he doesn't have the arm strength or athleticism to remain behind the plate; not a heavy 240 pounds but does move about as well as the average person carrying that much weight.Schwarber's arm strength is just average, which is another big reason he won't stick behind the plate; has a long, slow release that makes it difficult to throw even average baserunners out; the kind of arm a team can hide at first base without batting an eye."
Despite the constant critique of his catching ability, Schwarber insists that he can be a great catcher in the Major Leagues. This is a conversation between Cubs executives and Schwarber in March as reported by the Chicago Sun-Times.
Cubs: P.J. Higgins deserves to be in the lineup on a daily basis
Cubs might start to limit Justin Steele's workload soon
Cubs: Adrian Sampson is forcing his way into the conversation
Projecting the Chicago Cubs bullpen to open the 2023 season
Cubs fans are beginning to see the light at the end of the tunnel
"''The question was something like did he think he could do it,'' McLeod recounted during Cubs Convention. ''He [Schwarber] just stone-faced looks at both of us, and — I won't use his exact words — but basically said, 'You know that really ticks me off when people say that I can't [expletive] catch.'"
Several scouts and analysts have noted his improvement catching behind the plate. Jesse Rogers of ESPN.com noted that he has "cleaned up his act at catcher" during his time within the Cubs minor league system. However, Rogers also notes that "he still has some inconsistencies on a week-to-week basis."
Schwarber has the desire, will-power and confidence to be a Major League catcher, but even all these factors may not allow this goal to come to fruition even if his skills do continue to improve. The Chicago Cubs are hesitant to stick Schwarber behind the plate because of the injury risks associated with this position. Schwarber's hitting ability supersedes the need to risk playing him at a position that he is only average at.
Jun 16, 2015; Chicago, IL, USA; Chicago Cubs catcher Kyle Schwarber warms up against the Cleveland Indians in the ninth inning at Wrigley Field. Mandatory Credit: Matt Marton-USA TODAY Sports
In addition, if Schwarber continues to hone his defensive skills behind the plate, this will inevitably delay his permanent call-up to the Major Leagues. If he moves to another position that is less technical and easier to field, his bat will carry him to a Major League call up as soon as next season. The Cubs are close to contending seriously and delaying the call up of one of their major pieces to refine his skills at this position may not be a smart move.
According to baseball reference, Schwarber played 36 minor league games in the outfield and 20 as the catcher in 2014. This season in the minors, the numbers show an increased emphasis on Schwarber playing catcher. In 2015, Schwarber has played 37 games at catcher and 17 as the designated hitter.
There is also a convincing argument that can be used for why Schwarber should play catcher in the Major Leagues. The two catchers on the Cubs roster currently (Montero, Ross) are unlikely to be long-term options for this ballclub, and the only other minor league prospect at catcher with any substance is Victor Caratini who remains with Single-A teams. Schwarber may be the only long-term hope at catcher for the Chicago Cubs.
Schwarber's Major League position will ultimately depend on where the Cubs place other players. The team currently has an overload of talent in the infield, and the odd-man-out in this situation may be placed in the outfield. Therefore, the outfield could also potentially be crowded as well.
Although he isn't a long-term option, current starting catcher Montero holds value because he can serve as a suitable filler until Schwarber is ready. The Cubs have Montero locked up until 2017, affording Schwarber time to develop his catching skills. Schwarber is really the only reasonable long-term option for the Chicago Cubs at this position barring a major trade. The Cubs should give Schwarber an opportunity in the Majors at his preferred position. If it doesn't work out, he could always be moved to the outfield.
Next: Cubs' Montero shows leadership in ejecion


text:
Ideal Taxes Association
Raymond Richman - Jesse Richman - Howard Richman
Richmans' Trade and Taxes Blog
Congress should reject the Free Trade Agreements unless a Balanced Trade Clause is added
Howard Richman, 6/29/2011
With growing trade deficits preventing the U.S. economic recovery, how could Congress and the President leave balancing trade clauses out from new trade agreements? Have they learned nothing?
Coalition for a Prosperous America has published a press release giving six reasons why Congress should reject the Korean, Colombian and Panamanian trade agreements that are currently being considered. Here are their six reasons:
1. Trade deficits: The trade agreements will cause worsening trade deficits. Trade deficits depress GDP growth and increase unemployment because U.S. facilities are offshored, or because components and subassemblies are procured offshore. Any foreign market share gained is overwhelmed by domestic market share lost....
How to Encourage Manufacturing Innovation
On December 5, 1791, President Washington's Treasury Secretary Alexander Hamilton presented a Report on Manufactures to Congress which established America's tariff-based industrial policy for the next 150 years. He began by noting the general recognition of the importance of manufacturing to an economy:
The expediency of encouraging manufacturing in the United States, which was not long since deemed very questionable, appears at this time to be pretty generally admitted.
And later in the report he noted the general recognition that the American people have a special aptitude for innovation:
If there is any thing in a remark often to be met with, namely: that there is a genius of the people of this country, a peculiar aptitude for mechanic improvements, it would operate as a forcible reason for giving opportunities to the exercise of that species of talent, by the propagation of manufactures.
In June 2011, President Obama's President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology (PCAST) put together a Report to the President on Ensuring American Leadership in Advanced Manufacturing with a similar emphasis upon the importance of manufacturing and manufacturing innovation....
Keynesian Economists Offer No Solution to the Deepening Recession
Raymond Richman, 6/27/2011
In the Wall St. Journal of June 21, 2011, Prof. Alan S. Blinder of Princeton U. opined that "Right now, I'm worried about the damage that might be done by one particularly wrong-headed idea: the notion that, in stark contrast to Keynes's teaching, government spending destroys jobs." He asks, "How exactly, could more government spending 'kill jobs'? and " [H]ow is it that public purchases of computers destroy jobs but private purchases of computers create them?"
In the first place Keynes's teaching was shown many decades ago by Prof. Milton Friedman, Nobel laureate, of the University of Chicago Prof. Franco Modigliani, Nobel laureate, of Harvard and other economists, to be wrong about the consumption function that Keynes assumed. As a result, as we pointed out in this space, a week ago, there is no such thing as the Keynesian multiplier. It took workers to make the computers and when they have been produced and sold, the stimulus ends. As soon as government purchases end, any employment created by the government order comes to an end. Pres. Obama's stimulus plans created jobs only while the spending continued. As soon as the spending wound down, GDP went down.
Prof. Blinder's choice of computers in his example was unfortunate. All the computers sold in the U.S., are produced abroad, mainly in China. While companies like Apple, Dell, Hewlett Packard, and many others make some things in the U.S. and make profits on the computers, et. al., they import from their subsidiaries abroad, they have ten times as many employees abroad than they employ in the U.S. If the government purchase of computers stimulated employment, it was in China, not in the U.S.. Using employment as a criterion, the companies mentioned are Chinese, not American. ...
Inflation climbs to 3.6% in May. Palin was Right -- We're published in today's American Thinker
Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke held a press conference yesterday. He basically said that QE2 worked so well that he was lowering his growth estimates for the U.S. economy! In today's American Thinker, we quote Governor Palin extensively to point out that she was right about QE2. We conclude:
The mainstream media pretend that Palin is stupid. But she is actually blessed with a very rare commodity these days - economic common sense. She is the only potential presidential candidate currently advocating the three basic principles that would restore economic stability and long-term growth to the American economy: (1) balanced monetary growth, (2) balanced budgets, and (3) balanced trade.
You can read it at: http://www.americanthinker.com/2011/06/inflation_climbs_to_36_in_may_palin_was_right.html
The Unanticipated Costs of the Wars In Iraq, Afghanistan, and Libya
Under Pres. Obama�s leadership, the US, France, and the U.K., went to war with Libya under the pretext that �Libya�s ruler Col. Gadhafi was �killing civilians� in Libya. Shortly afterward, the three nations managed to get NATO to sign on. What Gadhafi appeared to be doing was putting down a rebellion successfully. In the New York Times, June 10, 2011, it was reported that Defense Secretary Robert M. Gates sharply criticized NATO nations for what he said were shortages of military spending and political will.
Even with the United States leading from behind and playing an alleged�currently secondary role, by mid-May its operations in Libya had already cost $664 million according to press reports citing Pentagon sources. On the same day, it was reported in USA Today that Secretary of State, Hillary Clinton stated at a meeting in Abu Dhabi of top officials from the more than 30-member Contact Group on Libya, that �We are working with our international partners through the U.N. to plan for the inevitable: a post-Gadhafi Libya.� Guess who will pay at least 75 percent of the costs of repairing the hundreds of millions of dollars of� war damaged infrastructure and buildings in Libya and who will finance the new government, its police, and armed forcers through the five years that it will take to establish a functioning government. A reason estimate of the costs that will be borne by the U.S. is a trillion dollars, based on the costs of the war and rebuilding of Iraq and Afghanistan.
What is surprising is that the administration was already under pressure to balance the federal budget and�Libya posed no threat to the U.S. To the contrary, Libya renounced its ambitions to build nuclear and other weapons of mass destruction. It was an operation that the Secretary of Defense opposed. It was a State Department initiative. Given the fact that the administration pretended to want to reduce the federal budget deficit, the President�s decision to embrace another costly war is inexplicable. ...����
Economist Peter Navarro Accuses China of Unfair Trade Practices
In an op-ed in the LA Times 6-21-11, UC Irvine business economist Peter Navarro, co-author with Greg Autry of the new book Death by China: Confronting the Dragon — A Global Call to Action, had an op-ed in the LA Times yesterday about China's unfair trade practices (How China unfairly bests the U.S.). Here is a selection:
The most potent of China's "weapons of job destruction" are an elaborate web of export subsidies; the blatant piracy of America's technologies and trade secrets; the counterfeiting of valuable brand names like Nike and Chevy; a cleverly manipulated and grossly undervalued currency; and the forced transfer of the technology of any American company wishing to operate on Chinese soil or sell into the Chinese market.
Navarro points out, as we have been doing, that if America doesn't address the trade deficits, no amount of tax cuts or government spending increases will solve our economic problem. He concludes by calling for a candidate who will adress America's trade deficit with China:...
Governor Romney may have been brainwashed by the global warmers
Governor Mitt Romney, the leading Republican candidate for President, claimed earlier this month that man-made global warming is real. He said:
I don't speak for the scientific community, of course, but I believe the world's getting warmer. I can't prove that, but I believe based on what I read that the world is getting warmer. And number two, I believe that humans contribute to that . . . so I think it's important for us to reduce our emissions of pollutants and greenhouse gases that may well be significant contributors to the climate change and the global warming that you're seeing.
His endorsement of the 20th century theory comes, unfortunately for him, at the same time that scientists are switching to the 21st century theory that climate change is mainly due to extra-terrestrial activities, mainly cosmic rays and solar activity.
For example, in the April 7 Financial Post Australian mathematician and engineer David Evans (Carbon warming too minor to be worth worrying about), a former proponent of the 20th century theory, revealed that the global warming models were disproved even before global temperatures peaked in 1998:...
Inflation climbs to 3.57% in May
In November, when Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke explained his second massive increase in the U.S. money supply (known as QE2) to his fellow central bankers, he told them that the Federal Reserve's Open Market Committee (FOMC) was aiming for an inflation rate no higher than 2%. Specifically, he said:
This policy tool will be used in a manner that is measured and responsive to economic conditions. In particular, the Committee stated that it would review its asset-purchase program regularly in light of incoming information and would adjust the program as needed to meet its objectives. Importantly, the Committee remains unwaveringly committed to price stability and does not seek inflation above the level of 2 percent or a bit less that most FOMC participants see as consistent with the Federal Reserve's mandate.
In May, the U.S. inflation rate hit 3.57% while rising rapidly as shown in the graph below:
There Is a Trade Multiplier. There Is No Keynesian Multiplier
Economists are Gung-ho on the so-called Keynesian multiplier. They must believe in fairies, too. The Keynesian multiplier theory was proved to be non-existent in 1937 when GDP fell after FDR's New Deal government expenditures slowed. The economy did not recover until war broke out in Europe and our exports took off. And as we observed recently, the modest recovery produced by Pres. Obama's Recovery Act of 2009, his economic stimulus plan, roughly $800 billions spent in 2009-2011, GDP fell after expenditures slowed in 2011. These two instances are evidence that the Keynesian expansion ends as soon as the increased government spending ends. What this means is that increasing government spending is not a sensible policy to promote recovery from the recession.
What is the Keynesian multiplier? It is the theory that an increase in government spending will not only increase GDP by the amount of the expenditure tbut that recipients of the increased income will increase their consumption spending, and the recipients of income from that increased consumption expenditure will increase their consumption and so on. If, on the average, income recipients consume 80 percent of their income, the total increase in GDP will be five times the increased government expenditure (1 +.8 +.82 + …+ .8n = 5). The trouble is that households increase their annual consumption only when they have confidence that their increased income is expected to be permanent.
While there is no Keynesian multiplier, there is a trade multiplier associated with chronic trade surpluses and deficits. China and the U.S. are good examples. One observes how the Chinese GDP took off beginning in the 1980s as a result of its growing trade surpluses. And there is a negative multiplier associated with trade deficits as we can observe in the slowing down of growth and the loss of manufacturing jobs during the past four decades in the US as we went from being the world's leading creditor to becoming the world's leading debtor in a few short decades as a result of our growing trade deficits. ...
Mark Steyn's explanation of our politically correct military policy also explains our trade policy
Mark Steyn explains the common threads of modern U.S. foreign policy in a brilliant and humorous commentary (Too Big to Win) in the June 15 National Review. He sums up our post-cold-war military policy in this perceptive paragraph:
Transnational do-gooding is political correctness on tour. It takes the relativist assumptions of the multiculti varsity and applies them geopolitically: The white man's burden meets liberal guilt. No wealthy developed nation should have a national interest, because a national interest is a selfish interest. Afghanistan started out selfishly — a daringly original military campaign, brilliantly executed, to remove your enemies from power and kill as many of the bad guys as possible. Then America sobered up and gradually brought a freakish exception into compliance with the rule. In Libya as in Kosovo, war is legitimate only if you have no conceivable national interest in whatever conflict you're fighting. The fact that you have no stake in it justifies your getting into it. The principal rationale is that there's no rationale, and who could object to that? Applied globally, political correctness obliges us to forswear sovereignty. And, once you do that, then, as Country Joe and the Fish famously enquired, it's one-two-three, what are we fighting for?
Without realizing it, he is also summing up U.S. trade policy. Our politically-correct leaders can't advocate a trade policy that would be in our national interest, because, as Steyn points out, that would be "selfish."
So when the Chinese government places tariffs (and other barriers) upon U.S. products and manipulates exchange rates in order to grow its power and destroy ours, we can't object on the basis of our national interest. Instead, Geithner and Bernanke have to argue that China should consider changing its policy because doing so would be in China's best interest. For example, in his January 22 written testimony at his Senate confirmation hearing, Treasury Secretary designate Timothy Geithner said:...
Why Cancer Preventing Sunscreen can Increase the Prevalence of Skin Cancer
Jesse Richman, 6/16/2011
The FDA is poised to approve new regulations on sunscreen. One of the questions being asked in the public debate is why skin cancer prevalence has been increasing even as the use of sunscreen as also simultaneously been increasing. In this brief note I show why a sunscreen that substantially REDUCES the degree to which a given hour of sun exposure will lead to skin cancer can none the less INCREASE the prevalence of skin cancer if the sunscreen reduces the discomfort caused by sitting in the sun even more.
Suppose each person has a certain degree of tolerance for sunburn and the discomfort associated with sitting in the hot sun while the skin bakes. For simplicity, let's say this tolerance is for one unit of solar discomfort.
Further, suppose that a sunscreen is effective at reducing solar discomfort, allowing the individual to sit in the sun ten times as long as he or she otherwise would before the solar discomfort level is reached. Thus, instead of ten minutes, an individual wearing this sunscreen can now sit in the sun for 100 minutes.
Suppose further that this sunscreen allows the individual to substantially reduce the incidence of cancer, reducing by five times the degree to which sitting in the sun for a given number of minutes increases the risk of cancer. Before sunscreen, the cancer risk from ten minutes in the sun was one cancer risk unit. After sunscreen the risk from ten minutes in the sun is .20 cancer units.
A quick and naive look at this problem would lead one to think that making the sunscreen available will reduce the incidence of cancer. The sunscreen is in fact known to be effective at preventing skin cancer! This is, however, totally wrong.
Now do the math.
A Program for a Strong America? Not from these parties
In his most recent column (Published June 15 in the Virginia Pilot) David Brooks describes himself as a "Pundit under protest" because he thinks neither national party is seriously proposing policies that will tackle the major structural problems of the U.S. economy.
"I'm registering a protest because for someone of my Hamiltonian/National Greatness perspective, the two parties contesting this election are unusually pathetic... The Republican growth agenda -- tax cuts and nothing else -- is stupefyingly boring, fiscally irresponsible and politically impossible. ... As for the Democrats, they offer practically nothing. They acknowledge huge problems like wage stagnation and then offer ... light rail! Solar panels!"
Brooks is right that neither party offers an effective program to address the policy challenges that he has identified. The challenge: to solve the problems.
Jed Babbin correctly identifies power as one of the goals of Chinese mercantilism
In the June 13 American Spectator (China Plays Reagan to our Gorbachev) Jed Babbin, former Deputy Undersecretary of Defense under George H.W. Bush, correctly pointed out that China is using mercantilism in order to build up its power. He wrote:
China isn't just our lender. It's not a free-market trading partner hoping that a rising economic tide will raise both economies out of the recession. China is an adversary, a 21st century mercantilist nation whose policy is to gain economic strength by manipulating markets. And its role as our reliable lender is aimed at manipulating U.S. economic strength as a means of diminishing our ability to interfere in Beijing's ambitions.
The European mercantilist nations of the 15th-18th centuries sought to increase government holdings of gold and silver as a means of growing economic power. Their main tool was market manipulation -- by tariffs and trade cartels, which were restrictive enough to cause a few wars. But military power was, to them, a secondary means of protecting or obtaining economic power by conquest and colonization.
Indeed power is one of the goals of mercantilism. I also pointed that out in a commentary that I wrote in December. Here is a selection:...
Morici: Create jobs by ending Bush & Obama's "appeasement" trade policy
President Obama's stimulus has failed, just as we predicted. Federal Reserve Chairman Bernanke's QE2 has failed, just as we predicted. The administration and the Federal Reserve have run out of ideas. There is still a solution that Washington is ignoring. University of Maryland economist Peter Morici sums it up in a June 9 commentary (Cut Trade Gap to Create Jobs). Here is a selection:
The trade deficit, along with the credit and housing bubbles, were the principal causes of the Great Recession. A rising trade deficit again threatens to sink the recovery and push unemployment to more than 10 percent....
At 3.5 percent of gross domestic product, the trade deficit subtracts more from the demand for U.S.-made goods and services than U.S. President Barack Obama's stimulus package added. The Obama stimulus was temporary and is dissipating, whereas the trade deficit is permanent and swollen again....
CBO supports our estimate that Fannie & Freddie will cost hundreds of billions more
In a May 1 American Thinker commentary (House Republican Budget would Benefit the Poor) we lauded Paul Ryan's budget plan for proposing to end the hemorrhaging of government money to Fanny Mae and Freddie Mac. We wrote:
It ends government bailouts to Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, which have already cost the U.S. taxpayer hundreds of billions of dollars (and, with house prices continuing to fall, will likely cost hundreds of billions more).
Our estimate of hundreds of billions of dollars more is probably in the right ball park according to a CBO study. CBS News reports (True Cost of Fannie, Freddie Bailouts: $317 Billion, CBO Says):...
Palin calls for balanced trade
Howard Richman, 6/7/2011
The Los Angeles Times reports that Governor Palin met with Donald Trump during a May 31 visit to New York. In her remarks, she told reporters that she advocates balanced trade arrangements:
"What do we have in common? Our love for this country, a desire to see our economy put back on the right track," Palin told reporters. "To have a balanced trade arrangement with other countries across this world so Americans can have our jobs, our industries, our manufacturing again. And exploiting responsibly our natural resources. We can do that again if we make good decisions."
Palin is now the only candidate with a program for putting America back to work. The media like to pretend that she is dumb. But the truth is that she has common sense. The American people respond to that sense when she talks to them directly, as she did when she won the the October 2, 2008, Vice Presidential debate. (If you're not convinced of the debate outcome, watch this focus group.)
Some commentators put Palin in the same category as Minnesota Congressman Michele Bachmann, since both advocate balanced budgets and enjoy Tea Party support. But Bachmann lacks common sense. In fact, she is an ideological free trader. In a blog entry, Bachmann wrote:...
It Wasn't About Medicare: Jack Davis' Message for the Republican Party -- we're published in Enter Stage Right this morning
Here's a selection:
Davis also made clear that he was running on a platform of balanced budgets and balanced trade, saying "This election is about the debt and poverty we are leaving our children." Regarding balanced budgets, he criticized the House Republicans' Ryan budget proposal saying that it "does not reduce spending enough." Regarding balanced trade he said:
American companies will not hire American workers until they have a level playing field. Manufacturing companies need trade balancing tariffs to be competitive with the predatory trade policies of foreign countries, like China…. The White House and Congress are controlled by the money from multinational corporations and by Wall Street. They will not control me. I cannot be bought.
You can read the entire commentary at: http://www.enterstageright.com/archive/articles/0611/0611specialelec.htm
Our War On Drugs Has Cost Us the War in Afghanistan
Raymond Richman, 6/5/2011
Our invasion of Afghanistan was to punish the Taliban for giving haven to Osama Bin Laden and his supporters. The Taliban, who outlawed the growing of poppies in 2000-2001 and whose brutality reduced the production of poppies to nearly zero, became hated in the countryside and our troops were welcomed as liberators. In a whirlwind operation, we quickly eliminated the Taliban as a fighting force. They were exiled and bankrupt and no longer had an army. We thought the Taliban would never come back. But we could not let well-enough alone.
We decided to recreate Afghanistan in our image. Unfortunately, our image included one of our blemishes, our failed war on drugs. At the urging of the United Nation's Office of Drugs and Crime (UNODC), in a reversal of the Opium wars in which the European powers forced China to allow the importation of opium, we established a policy to get rid of the growing of poppies, Afghanistan's leading agricultural crop.
In return for the Taliban's reversal of its ban on the growing of poppies, the drug traffickers financed the Taliban and helped it create a new military force. The Taliban's new policy was successful beyond their expectations and ours. The costs of the war in Afghanistan, which had been falling, escalated since 2006 and has cost us an estimated trillion US dollars. Our army was enlisted in the war on poppies and was used to destroy poppies growing in the fields. Billions were spent trying to get the poppy growers to plant wheat and other grains which yielded less than poppies. The Taliban were welcomed back as liberators by the growers of poppies and the hundreds of thousands who are dependent on the poppy industry for their livelihood. We became their oppressors. ...
9.1% unemployment shows that Obama's recovery & QE2 have failed
This morning, the Bureau of Labor Statistics announced that unemployment rose to 9.1% in May, after a rise to 9.0% in April. With unemployment staying high, it is clear that the Obama recovery and Ben Bernanke's QE2 have both failed. And let's not forget the projected Unemployment Rate, shown in blue, that was made by President Obama's economic advisers based upon their expectations of how well his recovery plan would work.
Those who have been reading my postings should not be surprised. I predicted all of this. For example, I predicted the failure of Obama's recovery plan after I read President Obama's inaugural address. I wrote on January 23, 2009:...
House Prices Falling - Except in DC
The latest S&P Case-Shiller numbers (for March) show that house prices are still falling:
But there is good news, President Obama has stabilized house prices in Washington DC. In fact, the trend for house prices in Washington DC has been upward ever since January 2009, when Obama was inaugurated, as shown by the red line in the graph below.
In his inaugural speech in January 2009, President Obama made many promises. His most important was his promise to grow the federal government in Washington DC in order to help families, specifically: ...
Where is Housing Going? That Depends on Where You are Looking
Jesse Richman, 6/2/2011
The latest release of the Case Shiller Index confirms the continued decline of the housing market that we have predicted on this blog for some years. And the pain is likely to continue a bit longer. If one assumes that house prices tend to keep pace with inflation (as was the pattern from 1950 through 1998) then an additional decline in real estate values seems likely in most cities. Based on inflation adjustments to the January 1998 and January 2000 Case Shiller index, here are projections of the percentage decline or increase that may await particular cities if housing prices revert to the inflation-adjusted trend.
What the table shows is a bifurcated housing market.
Richmans' Blog
Our New Book - Balanced Trade
Buy Trading Away Our Future
Read Trading Away Our Future
Richmans' Commentaries
ITA Working Papers
ITA on Facebook
Capital Gains Taxation
Consumption Taxes
Economy - Long Term
Economy - Short Term
Real Estate Taxation
Outside Links:
American Economic Alert
American Jobs Alliance
Angry Bear Blog
Economy in Crisis
Emmanuel Goldstein's Blog
Levy Economics Institute
McKeever Institute
Michael Pettis Blog
Science & Public Policy Inst.
TradeReform.org
Votersway Blog
Watt's Up With That
[An] extensive argument for balanced trade, and a program to achieve balanced trade is presented in Trading Away Our Future, by Raymond Richman, Howard Richman and Jesse Richman. �A minimum standard for ensuring that trade does benefit all is that trade should be relatively in balance.� [Balanced Trade entry]
Journal of Economic Literature:
[Trading Away Our Future] Examines the costs and benefits of U.S. trade and tax policies. Discusses why trade deficits matter; root of the trade deficit; the �ostrich� and �eagles� attitudes; how to balance trade; taxation of capital gains; the real estate tax; the corporate income tax; solving the low savings problem; how to protect one�s assets; and a program for a strong America....
Atlantic Economic Journal:
In Trading Away Our Future Richman ... advocates the immediate adoption of a set of public policy proposal designed to reduce the trade deficit and increase domestic savings.... the set of public policy proposals is a wake-up call... [February 17, 2009 review by T.H. Cate]


text:
85-89 Adoption of New Rule of Fair Practice Relating to Permission for Members to Alter Their Methods of Operation Under SEC Rule 15c3-3 (the "Customer Protection Rule")
85-88 NASDAQ National Market System Grows to 2,214 Securities With 29 Voluntary Additions on January 7, 1986
85-87 Request for Comments on Amendments Concerning Short Sales
85-86 Request for Further Comments on a Proposed New Rule Governing the Prompt Payment for Investment Company Shares Sold to Customers by NASD Members
85-85 Martin Luther King, Jr.'s Day; Trade Date — Settlement Date Schedule
85-84 New Rule of Fair Practice Relating to Private Securities Transactions
85-81 Request for Comments on Proposed Exemption from Free-Riding Interpretation for Conversions of Savings and Loan Associations
85-80 Final Rules Regarding the Securities and Exchange Commission's Direct Shareholder Communication Program
85-77 NASD Actions in the Area of Short Sale Regulation
85-75 Amendments to SEC Rule 15c3-3, Customer Protection Rule
85-74 Thanksgiving Day: Trade Date — Settlement Date Schedule
85-73 Beacon Securities, Inc. P.O. Box 5969 Hilton Head Island, South Carolina 29938
85-72 Trade Reporting Rule Changes for NASDAQ Equity Audit Trail — Phase II
85-71 NASDAQ National Market System Grows to 2,163 Securities With 19 Voluntary Additions on November 5, 1985, and 1 Mandatory Inclusion on November 12, 1985
85-70 REVISED Trade Date — Settlement Date Schedule for Early November
85-69 Request for Comments on Proposed Amendment to Article III, Section 35 of the NASD's Rules of Fair Practice Concerning Advertising and Sales Literature for Direct Participation Programs
85-67 TK Securities, Inc. 1450 North Dixie Highway Fort Lauderdale, Florida 33304
85-65 R. H. Stewart & Co., Inc. 1975 E. Sunrise Blvd., #817 Fort Lauderdale, Florida 33304
85-63 Trade Date — Settlement Date Schedule for October and Early November
85-61 Cross-Lien Agreements with Clearing Entities
85-60 Collins Securities Corporation 400 Tower Building Fourth & Center Streets Little Rock, Arkansas 72201
85-59 Effectiveness of Amendment to the Uniform Practice Code to Require Prompt Settlement of Syndicate Accounts
85-58 Request for Comments on a Proposed New Rule Governing the Prompt Payment for Investment Company Shares Sold to Customers by NASD Members
85-56 Donald E. Sheldon & Co., Inc. One Wall Street New York, New York 10005
85-54 Proposed New Rule of Fair Practice Relating to Private Securities Transactions
85-52 SEC Request for Comment on Issues Relating to the Designation of NASDAQ/NMS Securities
85-50 NASDAQ National Market System Grows to 2,077 Securities With 32 Voluntary Additions on August 6, 1985
85-49 Request for Comment on Shareholder Voting Rights for NASDAQ National Market System Companies
85-48 Qualification and Registration Requirements of Schedule C
85-46 Offshore Shell Bank Licenses Registered in Majuro, Marshall Islands — update
85-43 Proposed New Rule of Fair Practice Relating to Permission for Members to Alter Their Methods of Operation Under SEC Rule 15C3-3 (the "Customer Protection Rule")
85-42 Independence Day Trade Date — Settlement Date Schedule
85-41 Request for Comments on Amendment Concerning Associated Persons' Accounts with Investment Advisers, Banks, and Other Financial Institutions
85-40 Implementation of Revised Forms U-4 and U-5
85-38 Parr Securities Corp., 68 William Street New York, New York 10005
85-35 Bevill, Bresler & Sehulman Incorporated 301 South Livingston Avenue Livingston, New Jersey 07039
85-34 Memorial Day Trade Date — Settlement Date Schedule
85-33 Coastal Securities Corporation 1888 Century Park E., Suite 1606 Los Angeles, California 90067
85-32 Payment for Order Flow
85-31 NASDAQ National Market System Grows to 1,940 Securities With 82 Voluntary Additions on May 7, 1985, and Six Mandatory Inclusions on May 14, 1985
85-30 Securities and Exchange Commission Release Announcing Shareholder Communication Proposals
85-29 Compensation Received in Connection with Direct Participation Programs
85-28 Collins Securities Corporation 400 Tower Building Fourth & Center Streets Little Rock, Arkansas
85-27 Approval of Recodified By-Laws and New Code of Procedure
85-26 Adoption of an Amendment to the Interpretation of the Board of Governors on "Forwarding of Proxy and Other Materials"
85-25 Bevill, Bresler & Schulman, Incorporated Bevill, Bresler & Schulman Securities, Inc. Austin Investment Planning, Inc. 301 South Livingston Avenue Livingston, New Jersey
85-24 NASDAQ Equity Audit Trail
85-22 NASDAQ National Market System Grows to 1,861 Securities With 100 Voluntary Additions on April 16, 1985
85-21 Request for Comments on Proposed Rule on Private Securities Transactions
85-20 Request for Comment on Proposed Corporate Governance Requirements for NASDAQ National Market System Companies
85-19 NASDAQ National Market System Grows to 1,766 Securities With 100 Voluntary Additions on April 2, 1985
85-18 Proposed Amendment to Article III, Section 33 of the Rules of Fair Practice — "Options"
85-17 Request for Comments on Proposed Amendment to Appendix F Concerning Sales Incentives for Direct Participation Programs
85-15 Questionnaire Concerning an Information Service for Direct Participation Program Securities
85-14 Brentwood Securities, Inc. 11487 Wilshire Boulevard, 3rd Floor Los Angeles, California 90025
85-13 NASDAQ National Market System Grows to 1,569 Securities With 100 Voluntary Additions on March 5, 1985
85-12 Fiduciary Obligations of Members When Handling Customer Limit Orders
85-11 Expansion of the Small Order Execution System (SOES)
85-10 NASDAQ National Market System Grows to 1,472 Securities With 100 Voluntary Additions on February 19, 1985
85-9 Holiday Settlement Schedule — February, 1985
85-8 NASDAQ National Market System Grows to 1,378 Securities With 100 Voluntary Additions on February 5, 1985 and Four Mandatory Inclusions on February 12, 1985
85-7 Changes to Georgia Blue Sky Registration Requirements for NASDAQ Companies
85-6 Amendment to Corporate Financing Filing Requirements Effective March 1, 1985
85-5 Follow-up to NASD Notice to Members 84-48 Dealing with Concessions Receivable and Related Commissions Payable
85-4 Quarterly Checklist of Notices to Members
85-3 Membership Vote on Proposed Amendments to Association's By-Laws and Solicitation of Comments on Proposed Amendments to the Code of Procedure
85-2 NASDAQ National Market System Grows to 1,276 Securities With 100 Voluntary Additions on January 22, 1985
85-1 Martin Luther King, Jr.'s Day: Trade Date — Settlement Date Schedule
Location: FINRA Manual > Notices > 1985 > 85-29 Compensation Received in Connection with Direct Participation Programs
The NASD's Direct Participation Programs and Real Estate Committees have reviewed certain information received from members and their affiliates through the review process carried out by the NASD Corporate Financing Department. The Committees reviewed the costs associated with issuing and distributing direct participation program securities, specifically, the allocation of offering costs between underwriting compensation and the issuer's organization and offering expenses. The purpose of this notice is to inform the membership and sponsors of direct participation programs of the Committees' findings and to clarify the application of NASD compensation guidelines in certain areas.
On October 19, 1982, the NASD published Notice to Members 82-50, which announced the adoption of Appendix F to Article III, Section 34 of the NASD's Rules of Fair Practice. Appendix F applies to public offerings of direct participation programs and, among other things, provides that underwriting compensation from any source may not exceed Association guidelines. In addition, where a program sponsor is affiliated with an NASD member distributing the program, the issuer's organization and offering expenses payable from offering proceeds or program distributions may not exceed Association guidelines. Simultaneously, the Association published Notice to Members 82-51, which announced the Association's guidelines on underwriting compensation and organization and offering expenses referenced in Appendix F. Underwriting compensation may not exceed 10 percent of the gross proceeds of the offering, regardless of the source, with the exception that up to an additional 0.5 percent may be reimbursed to underwriters for bona fide due diligence expenses. Where a sponsor is affiliated with a distributing NASD member, the issuer's organization and offering expenses may not exceed 15 percent of the proceeds of the offering, which includes the 10 percent underwriting compensation. Organization and offering expenses in excess of 15 percent may be paid from sources other than the program or its offering proceeds. While the 10 percent limitation on underwriting compensation is applied to all public direct participation programs, the 15 percent limitation on organization and offering expenses is only applied to sponsors that are affiliated with NASD members. Organization and offering expenses ordinarily include legal, printing, accounting and other fees of the issuer attributable to the preparation of a program for registration and subsequently offering interests to the public.
Compensation arrangements reviewed by the Department are for the most part properly allocated between underwriting compensation and organization and offering expenses. There are four areas, however, in which the Committees believe clarification of the Association's application of Appendix F and, in some instances, the federal securities laws is required. These areas are wholesaling, due diligence reimbursement, advertising and sales literature, and retail seminars.
The issues surrounding wholesaling are long-standing and have frequently arisen in the Association's review of direct participation program offerings. Where contacts with the broker-dealer community are made by bona fide employees of the issuer who do not perform wholesaling activities on a regular basis, without transaction-based compensation and incidental to their other duties and responsibilities, such persons generally are not required to register as broker-dealers. A problem arises, however, when the sponsor assigns the responsibility for contact between the issuer and the retail brokerage community to full-time specialists. The sponsor often assigns these persons geographic areas of responsibility and provides compensation in the form of salary or commissions based on the sales levels that occur within their areas of responsibility.
The information gathered by the Department has been useful in identifying when this occurs. The Department has found such wholesaling activities within both the sponsor and the general partner. In addition, a number of programs have been reviewed where a sponsor that maintains internal wholesaling capabilities has an NASD member affiliate as well. In this event, the Department found that the wholesaling expenses of the sponsor are not properly allocated by the sponsor to underwriting compensation, but are attributed solely to the sponsor's organization and offering expenses.
When the Department determines that such a wholesaling function exists within the sponsor or general partner, the Department will request that the Securities and Exchange Commission be contacted to determine whether the individuals are required to be registered as broker-dealers under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. If the sponsor has an NASD member affiliate, the individuals will be requested to register with the member. In any event, the Department will include all salaries, expense reimbursements, bonuses and other forms of compensation associated with the wholesaling function in the 10 percent guideline on underwriting compensation.
A second area needing clarification involves the proper allocation of due diligence expenses. Appendix F permits an additional 0.5 percent due diligence expense reimbursement above the 10 percent maximum on underwriting compensation. Many sponsors appear to misunderstand the activities that are properly included within the due diligence expense reimbursement. The Department observed, for example, that sales incentive vacations awarded to top producers at the close of the offering were allocated to due diligence. If this occurs, the Department will exclude such expenses from the additional 0.5 percent allowed for bona fide due diligence and reallocate such payments as incentive compensation subject to Sections 5(e) and (f) of Appendix F and the 10 percent underwriting compensation guideline.
The proper characterization of due diligence expenditures that may exceed the 10 percent limitation by 0.5 percent includes reimbursable expenses incurred by a member in affirmatively discharging its responsibility pursuant to Section 4 of Appendix F to ensure that all material facts pertaining to the program are adequately and accurately disclosed in the prospectus. If travel is necessary to discharge this obligation, it would ordinarily be undertaken by the responsible officials of the member to the partnership offices to verify the information provided to the member. Expenses associated with travel by the issuer's officials to due diligence meetings are, on the other hand, allocated to the issuer's organization and offering expenses.
Advertising and Sales Literature
A third area involves the proper characterization of the expenses of advertising materials generated to promote the sale of the sponsor's securities. Generally, sponsors wish to maintain control over the accuracy and the consistency with the prospectus of their advertising disseminated to the public. In most programs, the costs associated with creating advertising and sales promotion literature are borne by the sponsor. Therefore, the sponsor's advertising and promotional material expenses are allocated to the issuer's organization and offering expenses. However, supplemental sales literature generated by the broker-dealer with the associated costs reimbursed by the sponsor are required to be allocated to underwriting compensation and are subject to the 10 percent guideline.
Retail Seminars
The last issue involves the proper allocation of expenses for retail seminars. Generally, a sponsor's expenses for retail seminars are not included in underwriting compensation. Sponsor's expenses in this regard are normally related to officials of the sponsor appearing at seminars for the purpose of explaining the details of the program. However, any reimbursement by the sponsor of the expenses of broker-dealers for their activities at such seminars is allocated to the broker-dealer as underwriting compensation and included in the 10 percent guideline.
The NASD hopes that this notice will aid the membership and sponsors by providing clarification of the policies of the Corporate Financing Department in its review of underwriting arrangements in direct participation program offerings. Any comments or questions regarding this notice should be directed to Richard J. Fortwengler or Larry M. Worrell of the NASD's Corporate Financing Department at (202) 728-8258.


The UFC 210 main card bout between Cynthia Calvillo and Pearl Gonzalez was nearly scrapped for an unlikely reason. According to MMA Fighting's Ariel Helwani, a New York State Athletic Commission regulation regarding breast implants almost kept Gonzalez from competing.
NYSAC confirms Pearl Gonzalez was cleared after "careful consideration and review, including a conversation with her treating physician."
I'm told the Calvillo-Gonzalez has been canceled. Per NYSAC, female fighters are not allowed to have implants, thus ruling out Gonzalez.
Calvillo just told me she is hopeful they will overturn this but no word that's actually happened just yet.
However, Damon Martin of Fox Sports reported the match has not officially been cancelled and that there was still discussion regarding whether Gonzalez can compete.
Stay tuned on the situation with Pearl Gonzalez and implant-gate. Being told nothing is 100% official just yet. Let's see what happens.
According to the NYSAC Medical Manual, "Due to the concern over rupture, boxers who have breast implants are not eligible to box in New York. Boxers who have had breast reduction surgeries are eligible to box." The rule has been in place at least since 2014, making it easy to wonder what led to this oversight by both the commission and the UFC.
Worth noting is that this statute is not exclusive to New York, or even the United States. In 2013, Louisiana temporarily banned fighters with breast implants from competing in MMA due to similar concerns over a rupture, and in 2009, a British amateur boxer was not allowed to get into the ring due to her implants.
Calvillo (4-0) made her debut in March at UFC 209, taking an impressive win over The Ultimate Fighter standout Amanda Cooper in her promotional debut. That impressive showing resulted in a quick turnaround to help boost her momentum.
With the controversy over, Calvillo and Gonzalez will face off on Saturday night. That said, expect more focus on this from commissions around the country on this going forward.


Yet, if you know that a specific task must be completed by a certain date, why not enter a Must Finish On constraint? This is the reason: Assume that you have a five-day task that you want to see completed by April 13, and today is April 2. If you enter a Must Finish On constraint on the task and set it to April 13, Project will move it out so that it will indeed end on April 13.
Even if the task could be completed earlier, Project will not reschedule it to start earlier. In fact, by applying that constraint, you have increased the risk for this task. If the task is delayed for even one day for any reason (a required resource is sick, for example), the task will miss its planned finish date.
A better approach to scheduling this task is to use the default As Soon As Possible constraint and enter a deadline of April 13. A deadline is a date value you enter for a task that indicates the latest date by which you want the task to be completed, but the deadline date itself does not constrain the task.
Now the task has the greatest scheduling flexibility. It might be completed well before its deadline, depending on resource availability, predecessor tasks, and whatever other scheduling issues apply.
Entering a deadline date causes Project to display a deadline indicator on the chart portion of the Gantt Chart view. If the task's finish date moves past its deadline, Project displays a missed deadline indicator in the Indicator field for that task.
In this exercise, you enter a deadline date for a task.
In the File name box, type Advanced Tasks B, and then click Save.
In the Task Name column, select the name of task 5, Handoff to Editorial.
This task is a milestone marking the scheduled finish date of the acquisition phase of the new book project. You want to make sure that the acquisition task concludes by Friday, May 11, 2012, so you will enter a deadline date for this milestone.
In the Deadline box, type or select 5/11/12, and then click OK.
Project displays a deadline indicator in the chart portion of the Gantt Chart view.
You can now see at a glance how close the end of the acquisition phase, as currently scheduled, will come to meeting or missing its deadline. If the scheduled completion of the Acquisition phase moves past May 11, Project will display a missed deadline indicator in the Indicators column.
Entering a deadline date has no effect on the scheduling of a summary or subtask. However, a deadline date will cause Project to alert you if the scheduled completion of a task exceeds its deadline date.
To remove a deadline from a task, clear the Deadline field on the Advanced tab of the Task Information dialog box.


Well as of this morning I have found that the error ( 437 ) fail to close file to export. Now what i'm trying to find out is there a way to stop the progam before it try's to export ? I think the if I can stop it at that point I have a chance to load a export file to finsh the job. If you have any idea that it will work please let me know. I'm still learning by trail and error Lol. Looking forward to hearring back from the Daniweb members on this.
Yes this happens when I'm trying to recover the OS Its a toshiba 1805 satellite. I was getting ready to sell it and wanted to clean everything out of it so I diced to reinstall the OS. It allready reformated the hard drive and it gets to the end of the first cd then the first window comes up with can't read file then its comes up with application error 437 then its says to call toshiba. There 800 number is about as much help as taking it to a auto mechanic Lol.
So I'm trying to figure out if I can stop it just before the very end ? If you have any idea it would help so much.
I did find out the it is a export problem with XP and a very very be issue with toshiba. Its in the software revovery cd's.
There is a known issue with toshiba recovery discs.
They should replace them free.


Mendz Moves are specialists in the heavy machine moving industry, with skills and expertise developed over 40 years. We've moved machinery for some of the UK's biggest companies.
We are experienced in international moves of heavy machinery across national borders. If your project is problematic, difficult and complex, we are ready to meet the challenge. Read some of our case studies of people we have already helped.
Our experience means we are familiar with most makes of industrial machines. We provide all lifting gear, and our systems make sure we work safely and effectively.
We can take on all aspects of site clearance, including contaminated waste. Our flexible working hours minimise your production downtime and your real costs.
We deal with out of gauge loads, organising road closures and arranging police escorts. For health and safety requirements, we provide method statements, risk assessments and specialist lifting plans.
As well as moving machinery, we offer machinery installations and export of industrial machinery worldwide.
Every move is unique, so we offer a free site visit to advise on the best way to achieve your move.
Mendz provide a custom machinery installation packages for all industrial production equipment.
Arrange a free site visit to advise on the best way to achieve your move.


text:
Dave Satterfield Jr.
Rep. Dave Satterfield Jr.
Former Representative for Virginia's 3rd District
Bioguide
Satterfield was the representative for Virginia's 3rd congressional district and was a Democrat. He served from 1937 to 1946.
Contact Rep. Dave Satterfield Jr.
I live in Virginia's 3rd congressional district.
I want to urge Satterfield to take an action on a bill.
Visit Rep. Dave Satterfield Jr.'s website »
Look for a contact form on Rep. Dave Satterfield Jr.'s website to express your opinion.
Visit Satterfield's Website »
Head over to Rep. Dave Satterfield Jr.'s website. If you are having a problem with a government agency, look for a contact link for casework to submit a request for help. Otherwise, look for a phone number on that website to call his office if you have a question.
Not all Members of Congress will accept messages from non-constituents. You can try your luck by visiting Satterfield's website. Otherwise, try contacting your own representative:
You are currently on the website GovTrack.us, which has no affiliation with Satterfield and is not a government website. Choose from the options above to find the right way to contact Satterfield.
From Dec 1937 to Feb 1945, Satterfield missed 41 of 613 roll call votes, which is 6.7%. This is worse than the median of 4.4% among the lifetime records of representatives serving in Feb 1945. The chart below reports missed votes over time.
1937 Dec-Dec 9 0 0.0% 0th
1938 Jan-Jun 61 2 3.3% 47th
1939 Apr-Jun 42 0 0.0% 0th
1939 Jul-Aug 16 1 6.2% 68th
1939 Oct-Nov 6 0 0.0% 0th
1940 Apr-Jun 63 4 6.3% 75th
1940 Jul-Sep 28 0 0.0% 0th
1941 Jan-Mar 17 1 5.9% 63rd
1941 Apr-Jun 31 2 6.5% 53rd
1941 Oct-Dec 15 1 6.7% 74th
1942 Oct-Nov 5 1 20.0% 70th
1943 Apr-Jun 49 9 18.4% 85th
1943 Jul-Sep 13 1 7.7% 65th
1944 Jan-Mar 23 4 17.4% 83rd
1944 Sep-Sep 3 0 0.0% 0th
1944 Nov-Dec 7 6 85.7% 97th
1945 Jan-Mar 9 0 0.0% 0th
United States Congressional Roll Call Voting Records, 1789-1990 by Howard L. Rosenthal and Keith T. Poole.
Martis's "The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress", via Keith Poole's roll call votes data set, for political party affiliation for Members of Congress from 1789 through about year 2000
Dave Satterfield Jr. is pronounced:


I must say that your review and related pages on Jason Bond Picks mentoring service are very extensive and well documented. They also reveal the passion for trading and teaching behind the mentoring service. Even if I am not currently a huge fan of short term trading, you gained my interest in being mentored by this group of millionaire traders to become successful at it myself!
It's certainly refreshing to find self-made millionaire trading mentors that are just as passionate about teaching their students how to be successful than they are personally concerned with capturing their own trading profits. Some traders find strategies that work and are selfish with their methods and keep everything a secret. But Jason Bond is much more concerned with teaching and motivating his students more than anything else. That's why I like 100% transparent mentorship services like Millionaire Roadmap, Nucleus, and Traders Council so much. These guys actually care about their members by offering tons of education, live trading opportunities, and supportive communities.


Comfortable one bedroom apartment, with total living area of 36 m2, located on the second floor of an apartment building on Čiovo, with a beautiful view of the sea which is 250 meters away. The apartment consists of one master bedroom, kitchen, dining room, living room, bathroom and small balcony. The apartment also has access to the pool, which is common in the use of all tenants. Also, with a living area, the price also includes a storage room of 7 m2 which is located in the basement, a parking place is secured.


text:
Call Now for a Free 15-min Phone Consultation with Arkady Bukh (800) 601-0207 NYC(212) 729-1632
CONFIDENTIAL CONSULTATION
Location : 14 Wall St, New York NY 10005
Crimes A-Z | Criminal Process | Our Cases
1123 Avenue Z, Brooklyn NY 11235
14 Wall St, New York NY 10005
261 Madison Ave, New York NY 10016
About Firm
The Link Between Animal Abuse and Serial Killers
December 11, 2014 by Arkady Bukh
Researchers, the FBI and other law enforcement agencies have often found a link between animal cruelty and domestic violence, child abuse, serial killings and the killings by school age children.
While some children may sometimes torture animals or be cruel to them to impress peers, serial killers have been known to torture animals purely for their enjoyment. That is why animal abuse is considered to be a sign of a mental disorder and children who abuse animals should be taken seriously and action should be taken to deal with such behavior. Although there are several factors that contribute to someone becoming a serial killer but the one constant most of them share is animal abuse.
There are several examples that demonstrate this connection. Jeffrey Dahmer was charged with murdering and dismembering at least sixteen people. He was known to show an intense interest in dismembering animals as a child.
Albert Disalvo, also known as the Boston Strangler, used to trap dogs and cats and shoot them with arrows when he was a child. Edward Emil Kemper III who was convicted of killing eight women (including his mother) was known to kill neighborhood cats and put their heads on poles when he was a teenager. David Berkowitz, convicted of thirteen murders and attempted murders, used to abuse the neighborhood dogs. Ted Bundy, convicted of two murders and suspected of at least forty, watched his father torture animals and eventually did the same. Andrew Cunanan who killed Versace and was suspected of five other murders, used to gather crabs and burn their eyes out with a lighted match.
In fact, most people who are on death row for murder have admitted to abusing animals as children. According to a study conducted by North Eastern University and the Massachusetts SPCA, people who abuse animals are five times more likely to abuse humans as compared to people who do not abuse animals. As Albert Schewietzer aptly wrote once, "Anyone who has accustomed himself to regard the life of any living creature as worthless is in danger of arriving also at the idea of worthless human lives."
The examples mentioned above clearly show the link between animal abuse and serial killers. That is why it is important for parents to immediately seek help for their child if they see the child demonstrating this type of behavior. Animal cruelty is a crime and could be an indicator of future abusive behavior.
Return to Main Blog
Anti-Semitism On The Rise In America And Experts Credit Trump
Federal alimony deduction ends in 2018
Ankle Bracelet or Prison Cell
Rainbow Flags Become A Thief's Target In New York
Stolen Italian Artifacts Recovered In New York City
Archives Select Month December 2018 November 2018 October 2018 September 2018 August 2018 July 2018 June 2018 May 2018 April 2018 March 2018 February 2018 January 2018 December 2017 November 2017 October 2017 September 2017 August 2017 July 2017 June 2017 May 2017 April 2017 March 2017 February 2017 January 2017 December 2016 November 2016 September 2016 August 2016 July 2016 June 2016 May 2016 April 2016 March 2016 February 2016 January 2016 December 2015 November 2015 October 2015 September 2015 August 2015 July 2015 June 2015 May 2015 April 2015 March 2015 February 2015 January 2015 December 2014 November 2014 October 2014 September 2014 August 2014 July 2014 June 2014 May 2014 April 2014 March 2014 February 2014 January 2014 December 2013 November 2013 October 2013 September 2013 August 2013 July 2013 June 2013 May 2013 April 2013 March 2013 February 2013 January 2013 December 2012 November 2012 October 2012 September 2012 August 2012 July 2012 June 2012 May 2012 April 2012 March 2012 February 2012 January 2012 October 2011 September 2011 August 2011 July 2011 May 2011 March 2011 January 2011 October 2010 July 2010 June 2010 May 2010 April 2010 February 2010 December 2009 November 2009 September 2009 August 2009 May 2009 April 2009 December 2008 September 2008 July 2008 February 2008 July 2007 November 2006 July 2006 June 2006 August 2005 April 2005 March 2005 October 2004 September 2004 July 2004 November 2003 October 2003 June 2003 August 2002 July 2001
Categories Select Category Blog BUSINESS OPPORTUNITY FRAUD crime Cybercrime Drug Crimes DUI Featured Federal crimes Felony Fraud Insurance fraud Investment fraud Latest News Home Legal Information Misdemeanor Mortgage fraud News NYC Case Result NYC Criminal Justice System Real estate fraud Recent Results Scholarship Essays Securities fraud Sex crimes Violent crimes White collar crimes
Criminal Possession
Criminal Sale
Possession of Cocaine
Premier New York and New Jersey Law Firm to handle your criminal defense
Bukh Law Firm, P.C.
14 Wall St New York, NY 10005
Monday through Sunday, 24/7
Felony/Misdemeanor
Criminal System
© 2015 Bukh Law Firm, P.C. Attorney advertising. The information on this site is not intended to and does not offer legal advice, legal recommendations or legal representation on any matter.


If you suffer an injury or illness that is work-related in Illinois, you have a right to benefits from workers' compensation. However, just because an injury or illness happened at work doesn't mean it was work-related. Workers' compensation is complicated, and it often takes a lawyer's help to guide you through the maze.
At Holley, Rosen & Beard, LLC, our lawyers offer a free initial consultation to answer your questions about Illinois workers' compensation. Call 217-280-4984 or 877-671-5884 to learn how our experience can help you. From our law offices in Springfield, we represent injured workers throughout central Illinois.
Illinois workers' compensation is a state insurance program that pays you benefits if you are unable to do your job due to an occupational illness or an injury that occurs in course of your employment and arises out of your employment.
An injured worker does NOT need to prove fault or negligence if an employee is injured in an accident at work, workers' compensation insurance benefits should pay.
A typical example of an injury that occurs in the course or scope of employment would be a back injury suffered by a warehouse worker from lifting boxes. However, if an office worker injures his or her back by carrying a personal item such as a plant, the injury would likely not be work-related.
Free medical care and prescription drugs for your illness or injury as long as it persists.
A weekly benefit for as long as you are unable to work or can only work part time as a result of your injury.
If you still have any symptoms from the work-related injuries or there is any degree of "permanency," you are likely entitled to a settlement or award.
If you suffer a permanent partial or permanent total disability as a result of the illness or injury, you are entitled to a benefit for permanent injury.
In some circumstances, you may be entitled to job retraining.
Our lawyers will ensure that you receive the maximum benefits you deserve for your work-related illness or injury.
For more information or a free case evaluation, call our attorneys who handle workers' compensation claims at 217-280-4984, 877-671-5884 or fill out the contact form on this website.


You're probably on the constant lookout for discounted airfare. After all, Singaporeans are frequent air travellers – in 2017 alone, there were over 8 million outbound departures made by air. That's an impressive figure for a city-state with a population only of 5.6 million.
Unfortunately, the pursuit of cheap flights sometimes leads people into practising archaic rituals that don't actually work, such as buying plane tickets on a Tuesday or clearing browser cookies.
Fly during cheaper months. Apart from avoiding off-peak seasons, if you already have a destination in mind you'll want to know when the cheapest months to fly are. Some sites, like Skyscanner's Cheapest Month tool, will help you instantly identify them.
Be flexible with travel dates. Sometimes, flight prices can vary greatly even among different days in the same week. Not being tied down to a date means being able to choose a cheaper flight on a different day if the opportunity arises.
It seems that the best times for Singaporean travellers to book a flight would be between 21 to 25 weeks in advance. However, travel search engine Kayak also recently revealed that the best times to book flights for the Singaporeans' most searched destinations of 2018 was 1 to 5 months in advance, depending on your destination.
While contradicting results from Skyscanner and Kayak might suggest that determining the best time to book isn't an exact science, we can probably all agree on one thing – booking your flight days or weeks before means paying a premium on your ticket.
It's best to book at least a month or two in advance to take advantage of potential savings. Besides, planning your holiday far ahead means having something to look forward to during dreary days where you're holed up in the office.
Instead of checking flight prices for individual airlines, use a flight comparison site to instantly compare all available airlines. However, don't stick to a single comparison site, as prices can differ from one site to another.
Kayak and Momondo come out top for generally lower prices, offering the lowest prices for three out of five destinations. As an added advantage, Momondo can easily filter flights that are the cheapest, the quickest or the 'best' (best flights are determined by balancing trade-offs between price and flight length). On the other hand, Google Flights wins at speed and responsiveness, but doesn't always display the cheapest fares.
While you may not get drastically cheaper prices by using one comparison site over the other in most cases, it does help shave a bit off your ticket.
If you know where you want to go ahead of time, you don't have to book your flights immediately. Instead, track your flights to take advantage of price drops. This doesn't mean obsessively checking prices every day – all you need to do is set a price alert in your flight comparison site of choice, and you'll be notified in the event of a price drop.
Setting up alerts on several sites can help you cast a wide net for the best prices, if you don't mind having constant updates being mailed to you. Once you've booked your flight, you might want to consider unsubscribing from existing alerts, lest you suffer from buyer's remorse if prices drop beyond what you've paid for.
Make your social media addiction work for you by adding popular airlines to your network. Doing so will allow you to discover ongoing promotions without going out of your way to look for them. Don't forget to subscribe to their mailing lists as well, as airlines can sometimes release exclusive promotions via social media pages or email.
Use the right credit card. Besides making sure that your credit card actually allows you to redeem air miles on spending, you should also find one that complements your spending habits and maximises the rate in which you earn air miles.
Use your credit card to pay off all expenses. Using your credit card to pay off daily expenses like food, groceries and petrol means that you'll be earning miles every day. However, do ensure that you have enough cash to pay off your credit card debts later.
Spending the amount above will allow you to redeem 1 return business class ticket to South China, Hong Kong or Taiwan (worth approximately $2,360) with 7,421 air miles remaining. Best of all, you'll be earning miles on top of existing payments that you need to make anyway.
Ultimately, the easiest ways you could do to get cheaper (or free) flights is to simply book in advance, and take advantage of your credit card. They require fairly little effort but can result in pretty huge savings.
A version of this article first appeared on iMoney.SG.
Previous Post:A roundup of 2018 at CardUp!
Next Post:Reduced CardUp Fee – Starting from just 1.5% per transaction!


text:
The Neurocritic
Deconstructing the most sensationalistic recent findings in Human Brain Imaging, Cognitive Neuroscience, and Psychopharmacology
Is executive function different from cognitive control? The results of an informal poll
It ended in a tie!
Is executive function different from cognitive control?
— sarcastic_f (@sarcastic_f) January 30, 2019
Granted, this is a small and biased sample, and I don't have a large number of followers. The answers might have been different had @russpoldrack (Yes in a landslide) or @Neuro_Skeptic (n=12,458 plus 598 wacky write-in votes) posed the question.
Before the poll I facetiously asked:
Other hypothetical questions (that you don't need to answer) might include:
Are you a clinical neuropsychologist?
Do you use computational modeling in your work?1
Here, I was thinking:
Clinical neuropsychologists would say No
Computational researchers would say Yes
On average, older people would be more likely to say No than younger people
After the poll I asked, "So what ARE the differences between executive function and cognitive control? Or are the terms arbitrary, and their usage a matter of context / subfield?"
No one wanted to expound on the differences between the terms.2
I answered No, because I think the terms are arbitrary, and their usage a matter of context and subfield. Not that Wikipedia is the ultimate authority, but I was amused to see this:
(Redirected from Cognitive control)
Executive functions (collectively referred to as executive function and cognitive control) are a set of cognitive processes that are necessary for the cognitive control of behavior: selecting and successfully monitoring behaviors that facilitate the attainment of chosen goals. Executive functions include basic cognitive processes such as attentional control, cognitive inhibition, inhibitory control, working memory, and cognitive flexibility.
Nature said this:
Cognitive control
Cognitive control is the process by which goals or plans influence behaviour. Also called executive control, this process can inhibit automatic responses and influence working memory. Cognitive control supports flexible, adaptive responses and complex goal-directed thought. Some disorders, such as schizophrenia and ADHD, are associated with impairments of executive function.
They're using the terms interchangeably! The terms cognitive control, executive control, executive function, and executive control functions are not well-differentiated, except in specific contexts. For instance, the Carter Lab definition below sounds specific at first, but then branches out to encompass many "executive functions" not named as such.
"Cognitive control" is a construct from contemporary cognitive neuroscience that refers to processes that allow information processing and behavior to vary adaptively from moment to moment depending on current goals, rather than remaining rigid and inflexible. Cognitive control processes include a broad class of mental operations including goal or context representation and maintenance, and strategic processes such as attention allocation and stimulus-response mapping. Cognitive control is associated with a wide range of processes and is not restricted to a particular cognitive domain. For example, the presence of impairments in cognitive control functions may be associated with specific deficits in attention, memory, language comprehension and emotional processing. ...
Actually, the term Cognitive Control dates back to the 1920s, if not further. Two quick examples.
(1) When talking about Charles Spearman and his theory of intelligence and his three qualitative principles, Charles S. Slocombe (1928) said:
"To these he adds five quantitative principles, cognitive control (attention), fatigue, retentivity, constancy of output, and primordial potency..."
Simple! Cognitive Control = Attention.
(2) Frederick Anderson (1942), in The Relational Theory of Mind:
"Meanings, then, are mental processes which, although not themselves objects for consciousness, actively modify and characterize that of which we are for the moment conscious. They differ from other subconscious processes in this respect, that we have cognitive control over them and can at any moment bring them to light if we choose."
Cognitive Control = having the capacity of "bringing things into consciousness" — is this different from attention, or "paying attention" to something by making it the focus of awareness?
Moving into the 21st century, two of the quintessential contemporary cognitive control papers that [mostly] banish executives from their midst are:
Miller and Cohen (2001):
"The prefrontal cortex has long been suspected to play an important role in cognitive control, in the ability to orchestrate thought and action in accordance with internal goals."
Botvinick et al. (2001):
"A remarkable feature of the human cognitive system is its ability to configure itself for the performance of specific tasks through appropriate adjustments in perceptual selection, response biasing, and the on-line maintenance of contextual information. The processes behind such adaptability, referred to collectively as cognitive control, have been the focus of a growing research program within cognitive psychology."
I originally approached this topic during research for a future post on Mindstrong and their "digital phenotyping" technology. Two of their five biomarkers are Executive Function and Cognitive Control. How do they differ? There's an awful lot of overlap, as we'll see in a future post.
1 Another fun (and related) determinant might be, "does your work focus on the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex?" In which case, the respondent would answer Yes.
2 except for one deliberately obfuscatory response.
Anderson F. (1942). The Relational Theory of Mind. The Journal of Philosophy 39(10):253-60.
Botvinick MM, Braver TS, Barch DM, Carter CS, Cohen JD. (2001). Conflict monitoring and cognitive control. Psychol Rev. 108(3):624-52.
Miller EK, Cohen JD. (2001). An integrative theory of prefrontal cortex function. Annual Rev Neurosci. 2001;24:167-202.
Slocombe CS. (1928). Of mental testing—a pragmatic theory. Journal of Educational Psychology 19(1):1-24.
Many, many articles use the terms interchangeably. I won't single out anyone in particular. Instead, here is a valiant attempt by Nigg (2017) to make a slight differentiation between them in a review paper entitled:
On the relations among self-regulation, self-control, executive functioning, effortful control, cognitive control, impulsivity, risk-taking, and inhibition for developmental psychopathology.
But in the end he concludes, "Executive functioning, effortful control, and cognitive control are closely related."
posted by The Neurocritic @ 11:34 PM 1 comments
At February 05, 2019 10:28 AM, Amirography said...
Fascinating results as well as interesting excerpts. However I think though these two terms has considerable overlaps,there are functions that are not included by executive functions that are not included by cognitive control. Such as time perception.
Name: The Neurocritic
Born in West Virginia in 1980, The Neurocritic embarked upon a roadtrip across America at the age of thirteen with his mother. She abandoned him when they reached San Francisco and The Neurocritic descended into a spiral of drug abuse and prostitution. At fifteen, The Neurocritic's psychiatrist encouraged him to start writing as a form of therapy.
Unlucky Thirteen
What Can Brain Imaging Tell Us About Violent Extre...
2018 Was a Year to Forget. Really.
Folie à deux and Homicide for the Holidays
Manifestations of Fear in Cross-Cultural Interpret...
Survey Skeleton
There Is a Giant Hole Where My Heart Used To Be
Dr. Bernard Carroll: blogger, funny tweeter, and c...
Brain stimulation during sleep does not enhance me...
A Preventable Tragedy in a Man with Semantic Demen...
Follow @neurocritic
Subscribe to The Neurocritic by Email