Cross-comparison test of the most popular node.js argument parser libraries in 2018. I have tested commander, yargs, caporal, optionator, sywac, sade, command-line-args and argparse. Honorary mentions for minimist, nopt, gar, mri, arg and meow.
As node.js code base at the day job got more mature, I was in the market for a new command line parser library. In the past, I have used argparse, yargs and a few others. But a fresh project is always a chance to reexemine past decisions and get my tooling up to speed with current landscape.
In some node.js problem spaces, there is a clear winner; one library that is the default golden path for most developers, in most use cases, and stays that way for a long time. For example, express.js for web servers or moment.js for date/time manipulation.
That doesn't seem to be the case for command line parsers. Over time, different contenders came into prominence and then faded away. It's less clear which one is currently "the best" (if there can even be such a thing), or at least the accepted standard.
So I decided to do a little cross-comparison test.
To test different argument parsers, we need a program they will parse the arguments for. I have opted for a simple math expression evaluator. You call it with an expression (eg. (2 + x) / 3), it solves it (for given value of x) and spits out the result to a console or serves it on the web, depending on arguments.
Here is the interface I'd like to support.
Show help screen. All flags and commands must be shown here. The expression evaluator has its own syntax, which I want displayed here as well, in some kind of a "footer" section.
First positional argument is an expression to be executed. All subsequent positional arguments are values for the expression, in format name=value. In this mode, expression is immediately executed and the result written to STDOUT. In case some of the variables are not bound, program enters an "interactive mode", where missing values are fed through STDIN.
The equivalent of the above command. Basically, the eval command should be the default command, to be executed unless some other command is present.
Start expression evaluator web server, listening on port 12345. Note that -p argument only makes sense here. It shouldn't be applicable to the CLI use case. Port has a default value (3000), that should be honored in the parsing and on the help screen.
Start the app in verbose debug mode or super-verbose mode (each d increases verbosity). This switch should apply globally, for either web server or CLI use case.
For each parser, I will write an app implementing the interface above or a close approximation of it (I will allow deviations from the API, as long as the full functionality is covered).
How much functionality is in it? How well can it execute my requirements?
Can it output help text and errors correctly? How well is output formatted?
Does it have a good API? How much boilerplate is needed?
What is the documentation like? Can I get some intellisense going?
What is the general feel of the library? Is it popular? Maintained?
// Will also handle reading from STDIN, in case some values are missing.
For each of the candidate libraries, I have written a program implementing the requirements above to the best of my abilities. As we are about to see, very few were able to fulfill them exactly right, but that's OK. The requirements are intentionally a bit tricky and vague, intended to take libraries off the beaten path.
I have also tallied the rough number of Github stars and forks, NPM downloads, dependencies (how many other libraries do they require in package.json) and licences you'll have to worry about. This info is reasonably accurate as of 2018, but do not expect it to be updated. It's for informational purposes only.
With that said, let's get going.
Commander has the strongest github presence out of all tested libraries. It's one of "the big two" (besides yargs). It's inspired by Ruby's commander library.
The basic interface is pretty straightforward. You attach global options directly to the imported module. Then call .command() for each command, and attach additional options to the returned command instance (it has a fluid API).
After parsing, common options will be attached on the program object, while command specific switches will go to the cmd argument to the command function. This was a bit confusing at first, but I got used to it.
It supports commands and default commands, it can generate help with description text and version number and collect multiple arguments using reduce-like syntax (very neat).
Good typings support out of the box and no dependencies, both increasingly important features for me.
The library's age shows. I get a strong odor of a legacy project, where more and more features have been added over the years, distorting the original API surface of the project.
For example, if you do program.command('cmd', 'My command'), commander will try to find and execute file app-cmd.js. The way this differs from "normal" commands is the existence of the description (the second argument). But why can't I describe normal commands? Why isn't this a completely different method? Very strange and non-intuitive API, in my opinion.
The way you specify long and short parameter names is kind of clumsy. You can't have a short option without a corresponding long version.
I had issues implementing the default subcommand. The way this is supposed to work is through isDefault option. However, I could only get it to work with git-style commands (where name of the command is directly mapped to an executable on HDD). It doesn't work with action style callbacks.
I ended up "solving" that by naming my CLI command "*", but that produces a rather ugly help screen (see above).
Varargs are not marked in the help text. Need to be done manually.
There is no way to tell which command has been executed, if any.
Commander is not outstanding in any particular metric, but is at least solid in all of them. A decent all-around choice.
This pirate-themed library is the second most popular argument parser on the list. I find the overall presentation a bit goofy, but that doesn't stop yarrgs from being very powerful.
You specify options using a fluid api. You are encouraged to make the entire yargs usage a one statement. It supports all needed options to make the API that strongly matches my specification.
The library seems to have recently gone through a serious transition, where it has moved from a fully fluid to a more object-based configuration notation. Unfortunately, the old api and docs remain around, which makes figuring out how to do things harder than it needs to be (in 2018). In my program, I have decided to use object-notation to define all the arguments and their switches.
In general, I found the documentation rather lacking. Example: Variadic positional arguments are only mentioned briefly in the advanced usage guide, and are missing from the central API docs.
The library does have a lot of features, so inconsistencies like this are somewhat understandable, I guess.
Code completion is awful out of the box, but there is a @typings library available that makes it better.
Help text clearly shows default value and type for each switch. This is surprisingly rare for argument parsing libraries.
There is no way to add text preamble, with program description. I used the "usage" field for that.
Help for commands is not displayed directly on the screen. User has to do "program command -h" in order to get help. That is not clearly indicated anywhere on the help screen. I ended up adding a little pointer manually.
I couldn't get it to display full help in case command was called without an expression. I had to add a hacky console.log message for that case.
This is one of rare libraries that also generates a bash completion. I had to manually add my app to ENV, but after that, I got it working just fine.
Yargs is one of the most powerful and popular libraries around. On the downside, I personally found it somewhat unpleasant to use due to combination of confusing docs and overly large api surface.
A full-featured framework for building command line applications (cli) with node.js, including help generation, colored output, verbosity control, custom logger, coercion and casting, typos suggestions, and auto-complete for bash/zsh/fish.
Why would you need a framework for parsing command line arguments? Let's find out.
Caporal is indeed a framework. It wants all your code to live inside its action() callbacks that are triggered based on CLI commands. They automatically parse logger verbosity options, create a winston logger and feed it to your command methods. This is all extremely opinionated - their way or the highway.
In general I like how help is formatted (colors always help).
There is no way to write anything beneath the global command line switches in options. Also, there is no way to get a hook into the help system through an event or similar mechanism. AND you can't disable auto-help and display the help manually. I ended up just adding a "SYNTAX" section that is printed out right above the global options. I am not thrilled how it looks.
Since they auto-parse verbosity, I've decided to use their API surface, with --verbose,-v and --silent switches, instead of my intended -dd api.
It doesn't support flag aggregation. For example, I couldn't even do "-dd", only "-d -d" which is lame.
Documentation is poor. I had to dig through their source code multiple times.
When you call the program without arguments, you get a super goofy error message: Error: Wrong number of argument(s). Got 0, expected between 1 and Infinity.. There doesn't seem to be a way to customize it.
Caporal claims to have bash completion, but I couldn't get it to work.
Caporal "framework" alows you to put together pretty nice CLI app without a lot of effort. If you want something super quick or exactly agree with their decisions, it's an OK choice. It's not for me, though.
Small amount of stars and a huge number of downloads indicate an internal-ish library used by a small "cabal" of popular libraries (as indicated by disparity of npm downloads and stars). It hasn't been updated since 2016, but that's not necessarily a deal killer. Sometimes, software is just "complete".
The problem with other option parsers, such as yargs or minimist, is they just accept all input, valid or not. With Optionator, if you mistype an option, it will give you an error (with a suggestion for what you meant). If you give the wrong type of argument for an option, it will give you an error rather than supplying the wrong input to your application.
`$ cmd --halp Invalid option '--halp' - perhaps you meant '--help'?
$ cmd --count str Invalid value for option 'count' - expected type Int, received value: str.
Interesting, but I am not sure I want my arg parser library to do all that.
Unlike the libraries we've seen so far, this one uses a more conservative, declarative API.
Big minus out of the gate: optionator doesn't support commands. I ended up triggering my server using the --serve switch. Unfortunately, that means there is no separation of the port argument from the eval command.
It doesn't support counting of joined flags. I had to use --dd instead of -dd.
I had to add a lot of custom help text to prepend and append to make help text look decent (but not great).
It will indeed try to correct mistyled switches, but I personally find it more useful to direct users towards the --help flag.
The library has a lot of fiddly options, but they feel like they've been added to fill some specific use case the author had, and are not overly useful in a general sense.
Optionator is a minor library with "the one thing" to try and raise it above the crowd (validation stuff). Unfortunately, I don't find its "one thing" particularly useful, at least for the way I do things.
The authors really went all out with this library - they bought a domain and made a logo and set up an actual site. Unfortunately, their marketing push has failed, judging by the number of stars and downloads.
Of course, none of that reflects in any negative way on the library itself, I'm just saying.
Sywac's api is heavily inspired by yargs. I found it perfectly reasonable and clear to work with.
Sywac has a concept of "default command", but neither it nor its parameters are displayed anywhere on the help screen. User would have no idea it even exists. This feature frankly seems broken. I ended up just adding an eval command, and not supporting "default" at all.
The library doesn't have typings or JSDoc annotations. Intellisense in WebStorm was pretty poor.
Documentation is set up with high ambitions, but as it stands now, it's only half-completed. Once again, I had to dig through source code to figure out how some features work.
There is no aggregation type. I had to declare -d as array type, which kind of works but generates an ugly help text.
It supports varargs as the last argument, but for some reason it returns [undefined] in case none are given. My code had to make up for it.
It has solid help output, with defaults and types. There are a lot of other options there. For example, it offers hooks to colorize each element of the help screen (which I didn't end up using). Due to incomplete state of documentation, I suspect there are at least some nuances I am missing here.
Sywac is a nice and ambitious attempt, but due to bugs, incomplete documentation and low bus factor, I can't recommend it at this point.
It enables default commands, git-like subcommands, option flags with aliases, default option values with type-casting, required-vs-optional argument handling, command validation, and automated help text generation!
Your app's UX will be as smooth as butter... just like Sade's voice.
This reference will not get old or annoying at all.
The api is similar to commander.
The library has a default command option (you can do app 2+2, immediately executing the eval command). This is not clearly marked in the generated help, though.
It doesn't support variadic arguments directly, but I found a way to hack it in manually by consuming unparsed arguments.
It doesn't support counting flags, but it will group up to two flags into an array like [true true] (but only two; any further flags are ignored). This is not indicated in the rather barebones single-page documentation page.
There doesn't seem to be a way to insert own texts (like software description or syntax info) into the help sections.
Sade is a decent library, but it doesn't offer enough to recommend it over its more popular counterparts (other than cutsey culture references).
This library doesn't have native help output, but comes with a companion library that handles that part: command-line-usage. I will treat them as one library.
The API style is configuration based, and very hands-on. Out of all the tested libraries, this one feels the most like a library. It doesn't try to do anything overly "magical", and expect you to pitch in in order to make advanced functionality possible.
For example, wile CLA does support commands, it will not do any nested argument processing on its own. In my implementation, I use the partial switch to stop parsing after command is detected, then parse again with the command-specific options. Much more code is needed than doing similar thing in other arg parsers, but there is more flexibility too.
Very nice help screen. I appreciate the suport for adding custom help sections. I only wish they'd allow adding multiple sections under one header (eg. an intro text, a table, a final remark).
Documentation is pretty good, they have both example usage code and API listings.
In my implementation, I was a bit lazy and added help for all subcommands on the main help screen. There is nothing stopping me from separating it into command-specific help screens, if I wanted it to work that way.
There is no support for positional arguments. I had to implement my own on top of the library, using its primitives.
No attention was put into user feedback. The library throws ugly errors and, once again, it's up to my code to catch them and make something user-friendly out of them.
Library supports adding ASCII banners to output, which is super cool. Unfortunately, I found alignment a bit buggy when I tried using backslash characters anywhere inside the ASCII art.
command-line-args gives you a basic toolbox to parse args and show nice help output, but requires you to pull your sleeves to get something more advanced going. Recommend for advanced programmers that have the time to fiddle a bit and make things work exactly how they like.
An older library, port of python's argparse module.
In my previous experience with this library, I remember it being powerful, but difficult to use due to poor API and documentation. Let's see if anything has changed (spoiler alert: nope).
As I remembered, argparse is a very full-featured library, with support for commands, flag counting, type casting and aggregation.
There is a lot of NPM usage, but not that much github action, indicating a library that is used internally by more popular libraries but not so much by a wider community directly.
There is a typings library that adds some code completition help. Unfortunately, some options are only given as magic strings, that you have to hunt on their bad documentation page (more on that below).
In general, argparse has the most fiddly and unfun to use API of all the parser libraries I have tried. Option names are unintuitive and unmemorable. You have to call many methods in a procedural fashion, without a fluid interface. I remember making a declarative configuration layer around it the last time I used it in production.
As mentioned, documentation is pretty bad and incomplete. Only the basics are covered in the library's README file. For the rest, you are directed to the python version's docs, which while complete, require you to mentally translate between python and nodejs conventions.
Help output is mediocre. It doesn't show the defaults, or any other metadata it has about flags. It shows subcommands as a single one-liner, without additional details for each command.
Global arguments must be given before commands. For example, I can call app -dd serve, but not app serve -dd. Makes sense technically, but I'd stil like more flexibility there.
Argparse has an "eplilogue" option, but I couldn't get it to work for my use case. It was obviously meant for simpler one-line texts. It hopelessly choked on and mangled my multi-line syntax help. I ended up shimming their help formatter function to add my own custom epilogue.
As a sidenote, the internals of the library and pretty clean and well documented, making it relatively easy to hack around.
Argparse is a powerful and stable library, but with mediocre docs and help output. There are better libraries around with similar features.
I will now briefly mention some libraries that I've rejected based on reading the documentation and fiddling a bit, but without writing the actual test program. Same rules apply for star/fork/download numbers as above.
Instead of giving it option definitions, you just call it against arguments and it then tries to guess what they mean and packages them into an object. So, no varargs, no help screens, no validation. I'd have to build all of that manually on top of it.
I've decided that's too barebones for what I want out of an argument parser library. Therefore minimist is out.
What's this? Relatively few github stars, but tons of npm downloads? Turns out, this is the lib that npm.js developed internally to handle parsing for their npm utility (that's why the download count).
If you want to write an option parser, don't write an option parser. Write a package manager, or a source control system, or a service restarter, or an operating system. You probably won't end up with a good one of those, but if you don't give up, and you are relentless and diligent enough in your procrastination, you may just end up with a very nice option parser.
Unfortunately, even though it has predefined argument definitions, it doesn't seem to have a help layer at all. A weird in-house-ish project that never caught on, doesn't get updated often and should probably be avoided.
"Like minimist and optimist, only even smaller (4kb)". It gets disqualified for the same reasons as mininist.
This is a fast and lightweight alternative to minimist and yargs-parser.
Another minimal library, that is better used as a basis for other libraries than directly by application developers. And in fact, it is the basis for the sade library, covered above.
An npm prominent name squater, without a lot of features or adoption. Its NPM downloads have recently jumped through the roof (100 -> 100K), so it might see some more maintenance in the future.
Ridiculously popular library. Unfortunately, it doesn't seem to support help output or commands, so it's out for my use case (2 strikes out).
Even though it lacks in argument parsing abilities, it adds some framework-like capabilities - catches unhandled promise rejections, sets terminal title etc. I am not sure I like this combination of features, although it's arguably a better mix than Caporal, with their ridiculous logger integration.
I am also concerned with the huge debt of dependencies and licences it brings in, but since I haven't tried it, I'll reserve my judgment.
After all this, which library did I like the best?
Well, as you might have guessed, I have chosen the combo of command-line-args and command-line-usage for my current project. I like the flexibility it gives me and how it formats output. I added the ASCII art company logo, built some tooling around it, and it's great.
So, am I saying command-line-args is the best argument parser library around? Not even close.
If fact, for most users, in most use cases, I would recommend you stick with yargs. It has huge community, excellent features, it gets updated regularly, and you can just grab one of the demos from the site and get going quickly (hopefully, they clear up confusing docs and API soon).
Similar can be said for commander. Great adoption numbers and solid features put it above more technically capable but less popular libraries like argparse.
Finally, if you happen to be building a very throwaway very unambitious CLI app, something like Caporal might get you up to speed faster than any of the more library-like libraries mentioned above.
None of the other "underdogs" were quite good enough to earn my recommendation, but that's just one guy's opinion. I invite you to go through the screenshots and code samples, and form your own judgment. Maybe one of them turns out to be the perfect fit for your own project.


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Experimental Shingles Vaccine Proves Effective in Nationwide Study
In one of the largest adult vaccine clinical trials ever, researchers have found that an experimental vaccine against shingles (zoster vaccine) prevented about half of cases of shingles a painful nerve and skin infection and dramatically reduced its severity and complications in vaccinated persons who got the disease. The findings appear in the June 2, 2005 issue of The New England Journal of Medicine.
The Shingles Prevention Study, conducted over more than five years, was led by the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) and carried out in collaboration with the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and Merck & Co., Inc.
This is very promising news for older persons, says Stephen E. Straus, MD, an infectious diseases specialist at NIAID and director of the NIH National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine, who participated in the design, oversight and conduct of the trial. These striking results indicate for the first time that we can use a vaccine to prevent shingles, one of the most common and debilitating illnesses of aging. And among vaccine recipients who did get shingles, the episodes generally were far milder than they otherwise would have been.
For some people, shingles can result in months or even years of misery, comments study leader Michael N. Oxman, MD, an infectious disease specialist at the San Diego VA Healthcare System and the University of California, San Diego.
Shingles, also known as herpes zoster, is caused by reactivation of the virus that causes chickenpox. Once chickenpox infection has run its course, the virus is not eliminated; rather, it retreats to clusters of sensory nerve cells usually located near the spinal cord, where the virus persists in a dormant state. As immunity weakens with advancing age, the virus can reactivate, multiply in and damage sensory nerve cells to cause pain. It then migrates to the skin, causing the blistering rash of shingles.
Generally, shingles first manifests as pain, itching or tingling in an area of skin on one side of the body or face. Then a painful blistering rash develops in that same area of skin; the rash can take two to four weeks to heal.
Anyone who has had chickenpox which includes most adults in the United States could develop shingles, though not all will. The two major risk factors are increasing age and declining immunity. Half of all people who live to age 85 will get the disease. Experts estimate more than a million new cases of shingles occur in the United States each year.
The trial was conducted at 22 study sites nationwide, including 16 VA medical centers and six clinical research sites outside the VA system coordinated through NIAID. Between November 1998 and September 2001, the multi-center research team enrolled more than 38,500 men and women age 60 or older into the study. Half of the participants received a single injection of the zoster vaccine a live, weakened form of varicella-zoster virus, the virus responsible for chickenpox; the other half received a placebo vaccine. Neither the researchers nor the participants knew who received vaccine and who received placebo until after the study was over. The zoster vaccine used in the study, manufactured by Merck, is a new, more potent version of the chickenpox vaccine used to prevent chickenpox in millions of American children every year since 1995. The zoster vaccine was developed specifically for study in older adults.
During an average of more than three years of follow-up, the vaccine reduced the incidence of shingles by 51 percent: 642 cases of shingles occurred among those in the placebo group compared with only 315 in the vaccinated group. Among all vaccine recipients, the total burden of pain and discomfort due to shingles was 61 percent lower than in placebo recipients. Moreover, the zoster vaccine reduced the incidence of postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) a form of chronic nerve pain that is the most common serious complication of shingles by two-thirds compared with placebo. The vaccine was well tolerated, with the rates of serious adverse events low and local reactions at the vaccination site generally mild.
As people live longer, and the proportion of older people in our population increases, it is highly likely that the prevalence of shingles will increase. A preventive shingles vaccine would be an enormous boon for the health and quality of life of seniors, says Anthony S. Fauci, MD, director of the NIAID. We are extremely gratified that this public-private partnership has led to these exciting results, which have the potential to greatly benefit seniors in years to come.
Approximately 12 percent of older people with shingles experience pain lasting for three months or longer (the definition of PHN used in the study). As people age, however, shingles-associated nerve pain increases in frequency and severity. This complication may occur in nearly one-third of persons with shingles who are 60 years of age or older.
Patients with PHN often describe the pain as burning, throbbing, aching, stabbing or shooting, and it can cause both physical and emotional suffering. What can be most distressing and debilitating, according to these patients, is that at least 90 percent of them have allodynia pain caused by something that ordinarily is not painful, such as clothing touching the skin, or a cool breeze. Simply dressing and having a shirt touch the side of the body that is affected can be excruciating.
Postherpetic neuralgia is difficult to treat. Antiviral medications can speed the healing of shingles and reduce the severity of nerve damage caused by the disease, but only if these medications are used within 72 hours of the first sign of a shingles rash. Thus, it is important for people to recognize the symptoms of shingles and get to a doctor quickly. Antiviral medications do not help relieve PHN once it has begun.
The researchers emphasize that the zoster vaccine was tested only as a preventive therapy and is not intended as a treatment for those who already have shingles or postherpetic neuralgia. On April 25, Merck announced that it had submitted a license application to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the zoster vaccine. If approved for use, the research team estimates the vaccine could prevent 250,000 cases of shingles that occur in the United States each year and significantly reduce the severity of the disease in another 250,000 cases annually.
The study was funded by the VA and by Merck, which supplied the vaccine and placebo. The James R. and Jesse V. Scott Fund for Shingles Research provided additional funds.
Source: National Institutes of Health
Reference: MN Oxman et al. A vaccine to prevent herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia in older adults. The New England Journal of Medicine 352(22):2271-84 (2005).

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


My brother and I had lots of laughs while collaborating on SuperDylan and the Powers of Just Right.
Click here to view the Herald Mail interview about our process.
Have you ever been involved in a collaborative creative project? How'd it go for you?
Tell us a little bit about your collaborative experiences and be entered in a raffle for a free copy of SuperDylan and the Powers of Just Right!
Hey there, come see me at www.amandahartmiller.com. We'll talk about writing, teaching writing, raising kids, and writing for kids. See ya there!
Thanks, Beth! That's great news. It's always fun to hear what people thought about the book. And I've been enjoying your blog… even though I don't get to WordPress all that much lately, I love getting the email subscriptions. "Ear-plums! Haha!


New York — The Primary Care Development Corporation (PCDC) has released a new report that provides recommendations to support better health care, particularly for high-risk, high-need individuals. The report, titled "Delivering Team-Based Chronic Care Management: Overcoming the Barriers," is intended for use by all health care providers and staff involved in chronic care management (CCM), and includes sample tools and workflows created during the project as well as case studies compiled by the Center for Health Care Strategies (CHCS).
Guided by an expert advisory panel, the project involved four participating health care organizations in the New York metropolitan area and one organization from upstate New York that worked to develop an integrated, team-based system of care management. The organizations were guided by a roadmap created for the project by PCDC. While following the roadmap, the organizations' change teams documented any challenges they encountered and the solutions they tested and implemented.
In recent years, there has been increased adoption of CCM as a strategy to improve clinical outcomes, reduce costs, and provide better care for high-risk, high-need patients. CCM aims to address the medical and psychosocial issues that patients face by delivering comprehensive care from an integrated team of providers representing primary care, behavioral health, and care management. For many providers, this transition to team-based care requires the adoption of new processes and organizational culture change. PCDC has positioned itself at the fore of this trend by offering training and technical assistance services to guide primary care practices through this transition.
The report is now available in the resources section of PCDC's website (pcdc.org/pcdc-resources), and was produced with the support of generous grants from the Altman Foundation and The Morton K. and Jane Blaustein Foundation.
Founded in 1993, the Primary Care Development Corporation is a nationally recognized nonprofit organization that catalyzes excellence in primary care through strategic community investment, capacity building, and policy initiatives to achieve health equity. To date, PCDC has helped over 1,000 primary care practices in 34 states to improve delivery of care by providing capital as well as training and technical assistance services. Since its founding, PCDC has leveraged over $800 million on projects that enhance capacity in low-income communities. In 2016, PCDC received a AAA+2 rating from Aeris, an independent community investment rating agency.


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Port Krin
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Port Krin is the largest and wealthiest city on the Periphery world of Antallos and was located on the eastern shores of TaliSea.
Port Krin City Map
The wealthiest and largest city on the planet, Port Krin was first established soon after the colonists arrived. Located on the eastern shores of TaliSea, "the Port" evolved into a freshwater fishing community made rich by a gold rush. When the Succession Wars broke out, the city was devastated as pirates and Combine raiders constantly sacked the world.[citation needed]
Those city-states that managed to survive the Succession Wars were forced to rebuild their economies through illegal projects, and Port Krin was no exception. The Port became a haven for smugglers and slavers and was also one of the most aggressive city-states to rise from the first two Succession Wars. Port Krin became a refuge for pirates eager to conceal themselves from authorities or sell their enslaved persons and other illegal gains. Shortly after the Fourth Succession War, fortune favored Port Krin; several small caches of lostech survived and were discovered in the Free Zone near the city, bringing a flood of treasure-hunters (and their money).[citation needed]
During the late thirty-first century the politics of the Port remained as deadly as ever. Numerous groups have taken over the City, each one worse than the last. The latest in a long line of rulers was Vance Rezak and his Band of the Damned. Despite this, the city ran reasonably well. Brutal punishment was meted out on the spot for murder and thievery, assuming the culprits couldn't bribe themselves free. This type of law enforcement maintained enough order for the city to collect taxes and assured that local traders are not disrupted.[citation needed]
Port Krin not only thrived on the slave, drug and weapons trades, but also on the less important commerce provided by its own dueling circuit. Similar to the Solaris VII games, the Port hosted its own arenas for 'Mech and man-to-man combat. An entire entertainment industry grew up around these "games", including gambling, nightclubs and even a local media outlet centered on Krin Entertainment, Incorporated.
Royalty and Rogues
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text:
Systemic racism and inequality in health care
The consequences of COVID-19 have been innumerable, with work and education permanently redefined, health care systems pushed to their limits and uncertainty at an all-time high. Less discussed is COVID-19's role as a catalyst for reexamining systemic racism and inequality.
Insurers face energy exposure risks from climate change in their investment portfolios
Washington — In May 2020, the US Energy Information Administration (EIA) made headlines when it announced US renewable energy consumption had surpassed coal consumption for the first time in 130 years. As the shortterm pricing advantages of fossil fuels declines relative to renewable technologies, and the focus on the long-term negative climate externalities produced by fossil fuels and nuclear energy grows, fossil fuels face a decline in demand, replaced by growing demand for cleaner alternatives like solar, wind, hydropower and biofuels.
COVID-19 and the Energy Transition: A Reinforcement of Calvert's Long Term ESG Thesis
Washington — Globally, the inability to slow the spread of the novel coronavirus COVID-19 has resulted in an ongoing joint public health and economic crisis. As a result of "stay-at-home" orders, end-user demand for emissions-intensive industrial, transportation and electricity applications has rapidly declined thus far in 2020, with signs of a sluggish recovery materializing only in some regions during Q3. Accordingly, absolute greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions have fallen.
REITs' responses to COVID-19
Washington – British nobleman and contrarian investor Baron Rothschild once declared, "When there's blood on the streets, buy real estate." As we battle COVID-19 today, the updated mantra is more like: "When there's turmoil on the Street, invest in your stakeholders."
Washington - While the COVID-19 pandemic and the systematic failure to address racism have exposed disparities in economic opportunity and treatment under the law, they have also exposed vulnerabilities in our economy and forever altered investor's perspectives on these issues as well. Many have called for stronger action to address systemic risks like inequality and racism but few have the history and expertise Calvert has engaging with companies and contributing to investor standards addressing these issues.
Opioid exposure presents risks to pharmaceutical industry
In this brief we discuss the key ESG factors on which Calvert evaluates companies with opioid exposure and our responsible investment approach to opioid-exposed companies.
After COVID-19: The future of pandemic bonds
Investors are commonly advised not to try to time the market. While specific peaks and valleys can be difficult to predict with precision, we do know that bull and bear markets will happen. Investors that take the long view have the potential to achieve sustained gains overall.
Evaluating the financial materiality of gender diversity factors
Calvert tested the financial materiality of five gender diversity factors: (1) number of female board members, (2) percentage of female board members, (3) number of women in board leadership roles, (4) number of women named executive officers (NEOs) and (5) TruValue's circumstantial score related to diversity and inclusion news/issues over a three-year period.
When sustainable practices yield sustainable profits: The path to a strategic edge
As growing numbers of companies embrace sustainability practices, the question of whether those efforts can provide a competitive edge through strategic differentiation becomes increasingly important.
Responsible fixed-income Investing
In this paper, we outline the Calvert approach to Responsible fixed-income Investing through performance, research, active engagement and impact. It's an approach that we believe can help sophisticated investors achieve their portfolio return objectives while working toward the laudable goals of the 2006 mission statement.
Publication details: Wednesday, December 23, 2020 2:14 PM
Page ID: 32414 - https://www.calvert.com/perspectives.php


I was about to make a comeback with Allyn Freedom and I had even partially recorded an episode (including a clever parody song.....which I planned on making a regular thing). Then I was needed to help run the game and the episode never aired. Here is is today.


text:
Q: How to Query if A URL is Indexed by Google? I want to create a Google script to check if a given URL is indexed by Google, so I write the following function:
function CheckURLForGoogleIndex(url, activesheet) {// Delete the https:// and http:// prefix
  var cururl = url.replace("https://", "");
  cururl = cururl.replace("http://", "");
  var googlesearchurl = "https://www.google.com/search?q=site:" + encodeURIComponent(cururl);
    var page = UrlFetchApp.fetch(googlesearchurl, {muteHttpExceptions: true}).getContentText();
    // Wait for 1 second before starting another fetch
    Utilities.sleep(1000);
    var number = page.match("did not match any documents");
    if (number) {
      activesheet.getSheetByName("Not Google Index").appendRow([url]);
    } else {
      activesheet.getSheetByName("Google Index").appendRow([url]);
    }
}

However, when debugging the code, after invoking UrlFetchApp.fetch, I can only see the header of the variable page.
I try to test the function with a Google Indexed URL and not indexed URL, but both will return null in page.match function, so both are put in "Google Index" sheet.
What is the problem with my function?
Thanks
Note:
I have asked this question on https://groups.google.com/g/google-apps-script-community/c/gs1qUuKwgn4 but no one answers, so I have to ask here.
Sample Input & Output
Input1:
url = https://www.datanumen.com/
activesheet = a GoogleSheet which contains sheets "Google Index" and "Not Google Index"
Expected Output1: Since https://www.datanumen.com/ is indexed by Google, it will be added to "Google Index" sheet.
page = "<!doctype html><meta charset="UTF-8"><meta content="/images/branding/googleg/1x/googleg_standard_color_128dp.png" itemprop="image"><title>site:www.datanumen.com/ - Google Search…"

Input2:
url = https://www.datanumen.com/notindexedurl/
activesheet = a GoogleSheet which contains sheets "Google Index" and "Not Google Index"
Expected Output2: Since https://www.datanumen.com/notindexedurl/ is NOT indexed by Google, it will be added to "NOT Google Index" sheet.
page = "<!doctype html><meta charset="UTF-8"><meta content="/images/branding/googleg/1x/googleg_standard_color_128dp.png" itemprop="image"><title>site:www.datanumen.com/notindexurl/ - G…"

The problem is currently for both Input1 and Input2, the actual result is: the URL will always be added to "Google Index" sheet since the search result will NEVER be containing "did not match any documents" text at all.
Update
I add console.log(page); and debug again. For Input1, I get the following result:
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">

<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="initial-scale=1"><title>https://www.google.com/search?q=site:www.datanumen.com%2F</title>

<form id="captcha-form" action="index" method="post">

<input type='hidden' name='q' value='EgRrsuB5GKmx6oUGIhBKAdWty9nssg-nAtyy9n7hMgFy'><input type="hidden" name="continue" value="https://www.google.com/search?q=site:www.datanumen.com%2F">
</form>

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IP address: 107.178.224.121
Time: 2021-06-04T21:18:34Z
URL: https://www.google.com/search?q=site:www.datanumen.com%2F

A: Answer:
Unfortunately doing this directly by attempting to web scrape the search results using UrlFetchApp will not work. You can use third party tools to get the number of search results, however.
More Information:
I tested this out using an exponential backoff method which sometimes is able to get past 429 errors when a fetch request is invoked by UrlFetchApp.
When using UrlFetchApp to either web scrape or to connect to an API, it can happen that the server denies the request on the grounds of too many requests - or HTTP Error 429.
Google Apps Script runs in the cloud, from a set of IP addresses in a pool that Google own. You can actually see all the IP ranges here. Most websites (especially large companies such as Google) have architecture in place to prevent the use of bots scraping their websites and slowing down traffic.
Sometimes it's possible to get past this error, using a mixture of exponential backoff and random time intervals as shown for the Binance API (Full Disclosure: this GitHub repository was written by me.)
I assume that either Google directly blocks the Apps Script IP pool, or there are simply too many people trying the same thing - because with the same techniques I was unable to get any response that didn't involve entering a captcha as we discussed in the comments above and can be seen in the log of the page string.
What can be done:
There are many third party APIs that you can use to do this, and I suggest searching for one that meets your needs.
I tested out one called Authoritas which returns search engine indexing for different keywords. The API is asynchornous, so can take up to a minute to get a response, so a Web App solution needs to be made.
The flow I used is as follows:

*

*Obtain API key from Authoritas (free)

*Create a new Apps Script project to make an API call:

function makeApiCall(url, method, site) {
  const public_key = ""
  const private_key = ""
  const salt = ""
  let timestamp = Date.now()

  const hash = Utilities.computeHmacSha256Signature(timestamp + public_key + salt, private_key)
  const headers = {
    "Authorization": "KeyAuth publicKey=" + public_key + " hash=" + toHexString(hash) + " ts=" + timestamp,
    "Content-Type": "application/json"
  }

  const requestParameters = {
    "search_engine": "google",
    "region": "us",
    "language": "en",
    "max_results": 100,
    "phrase": site,
    "search_type": "web",
    "user_agent": "pc",
    "parameters": {
      "priority": "standard"
    },
    "callback_type": "full",
    "callback": "script-web-app-exec-url"
  }

  const options = {
    "method": method,
    "headers": headers,
    "muteHttpExceptions": true,
    "payload": JSON.stringify(requestParameters)
  }

  const response = UrlFetchApp.fetch(url, options)
  return response
}

function toHexString(byteArray) {
  const hexString = Array.from(byteArray, function(byte) {
    return ('0' + (byte & 0xFF).toString(16)).slice(-2)
  }).join('')
  return hexString
}

And a doPost(e) function so that when the API returns data it can be processed:
function doPost(e) {
  const jsonData = JSON.parse(e.postData.contents)
  const pages = jsonData.response.summary.pages
  const ss = SpreadsheetApp.openById("1QBzDdGn1yaUxFJciLH_Ru-BbLHuBIZTUk2UnrUShGw0")

  if (Object.keys(pages).length == 0) {
    ss.getSheetByName("Not Google Index").appendRow([jsonData.request.phrase])
  }
  else {
    ss.getSheetByName("Google Index").appendRow([jsonData.request.phrase])
  }
}

From here I then published the Web App with the settings:

*

*Execute as: me

*Who has access: Anyone (not Anyone with a Google account)

Remember to then copy the Web App URL when provided and paste it into the "callback": "script-web-app-exec-url" part of the payload (normally one could use ScriptApp.getService().getUrl() but as per this issue, when running code from the Script editor, this method returns the /dev link instead of the /exec link which will not work).
This can then be run simply like so:
function run() {
  const req = makeApiCall("v3.api.analyticsseo.com/serps/", "POST", "asdhfdhdfgdsfser.com")
  console.log(req.getContentText())
}

The request will run, a reponse from the API will be logged containing the request object, and then when the request is ready, the Authoritas API will call the script URL you provided in the callback parameter which will run the doPost() method.
It's a complicated workaround, but unfortunately web scraping is becoming harder and harder these days.
References:

*

*Class UrlFetchApp | Apps Script | Google Developers

*Web Apps | Apps Script | Google Developers

*Google IP ranges

*rafa-guillermo/Testing-Binance-API-in-Google-Apps-Script - GitHub

*Authoritas Structured Keyword Ranking API Documentation

*

*The Request Object in detail - Authoritas

*The Response Object in detail - Authoritas

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
The Flo's best tunes arrive loaded, and shine to the highest degree!
I.K.M.B.T – "As of Lately" clearly has substance!
J.Mapes – "Good Intentions" takes listeners deep into his world of transience
ANDRUM that delivers a blend of influences which include metal, rock, jazz, rap, funk and others
D.Tech is in the midst of developing his debut album
Heavy AmericA – "Generation Lame" puts a fresh stamp on hard-edged classic rock
Atlanta-based Hip Hop and Rap artist Taz Forte releases "Home Team" EP
CELLUS.PAPI – "Figuring Less" – a natural knack for a shuffling flow!
Alternative Rock Newcomers Tomorrow's Fate Present their Debut Single 'Son Come Home'
"Crash and Burn" – Gear is back to pick up where they left off!
Samie Bisaso releases the video for "This Is Why"
By: Jeena Johnson
What if I were to demand that you love me? Would you? You might say, "Why should I love you?" And you would be right to want reasons for my demand for your love. God has demanded our love (Matthew 22:36–38); it's the most important commandment of all, according to Jesus. Shouldn't we ask for reasons to love Him? The Bible contains many answers to the question of why a person should love God. Sometimes though, we don't have the time or are in the right place to search through the bible for answers. However music is often the simplest of ways to capture messages and emotions. Award winning singer-songwriter, and multi-genre recording artist, Samie Bisaso, whose Gospel-based music blends contemporary stylings of RnB, Soul and Pop, comes to our rescue with the title track of his new album "This Is Why".
Samie Bisaso has now dropped the official video for the song "This Is Why", in which he lays down series of reasons of why he loves the Lord, and why you should love the Lord too. And he does so via a heartfelt testimony. Can it really be that the One who made heaven and earth and all that is in them really wants us to come to Him? That's exactly what the Bible teaches, and that is what Samie testifies in this song, and it should make you love the Lord even more.
Clearly the message that comes across is that to love God is to put Him first. Loving God requires knowing Him, and that knowledge begins with His Word. It may sound glib, but to know Him is to love Him. Samie Bisaso is obviously acquainted with his Savior, as he understands that the number-one commandment is to love God "with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind and with all your strength".
Understanding and loving the Lord could be likened to man who is separated from his loved one and receives a letter from her. His first action will be to eagerly open the letter and pore over its contents. His love for his beloved will naturally cause him to love her correspondence with him. The same is true with our love for God's Word. Because we love the Scripter, we love His message to us. We read it avidly and often, we hold it close, and we hide its words in our hearts.
We are meant to love God with our passion, hunger, perception, and thoughts. But we are also to love him with how we talk, and what we do with our hands, how we behave, and how we utilize our talents. Samie Bisaso follows this rule as best he can, and uses his talent and music to show his love for the Lord. Officially released on November 10th 2017, "This Is Why" is the latest in a long series of video-singles that displays Samie's wholehearted, life-encompassing commitment to God.
OFFICIAL LINKS: WEBSITE – FACEBOOK – INSTAGRAM – REVERBNATION – YOUTUBE – ITUNES – CDBABY
Tagged: Gospel, Samie Bisaso, Single, Video, Worship
Previous Post: SuriLee: "Don't Know" – an unapologetically honest and raw side of the human spirit
Next Post: Reverse Mechanic: "Cruise Control" – The lyrical skill, the tempo changes, the technique, all of it!
Soundlooks - The Music Journal. All Rights Reserved 2021
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text:
<?php

class backup_plugin {

	var $plugin_name = 'backup_plugin';
	var $class_name  = 'backup_plugin';

	//* This function is called during thconfig installation to determine
	//  if a symlink shall be created for this plugin.
	public function onInstall() {
		global $conf;

		return true;

	}

	/*
	 	This function is called when the plugin is loaded
	*/

	public function onLoad() {
		global $app;

		//* Register for actions
		$app->plugins->registerAction('backup_download',$this->plugin_name,'backup_action');
		$app->plugins->registerAction('backup_restore',$this->plugin_name,'backup_action');

	}

	//* Do a backup action
	public function backup_action($action_name,$data) {
		global $app,$conf;

		$backup_id = intval($data);
		$backup = $app->dbmaster->queryOneRecord("SELECT * FROM web_backup WHERE backup_id = $backup_id");

		if(is_array($backup)) {

			$app->uses('ini_parser,file,getconf');

			$web = $app->db->queryOneRecord("SELECT * FROM web_domain WHERE domain_id = ".$backup['parent_domain_id']);
			$server_config = $app->getconf->get_server_config($conf['server_id'], 'server');
			$backup_dir = $server_config['backup_dir'].'/web'.$web['domain_id'];

			//* Make backup available for download
			if($action_name == 'backup_download') {
				//* Copy the backup file to the backup folder of the website
				if(file_exists($backup_dir.'/'.$backup['filename']) && !stristr($backup_dir.'/'.$backup['filename'],'..') && !stristr($backup_dir.'/'.$backup['filename'],'etc')) {
					copy($backup_dir.'/'.$backup['filename'],$web['document_root'].'/backup/'.$backup['filename']);
					chgrp($web['document_root'].'/backup/'.$backup['filename'],$web['system_group']);
					$app->log('cp '.$backup_dir.'/'.$backup['filename'].' '.$web['document_root'].'/backup/'.$backup['filename'],LOGLEVEL_DEBUG);
				}
			}

			//* Restore a mysql backup
			if($action_name == 'backup_restore' && $backup['backup_type'] == 'mysql') {
				//* Load sql dump into db
				include('lib/mysql_clientdb.conf');

				if(file_exists($backup_dir.'/'.$backup['filename'])) {
					//$parts = explode('_',$backup['filename']);
					//$db_name = $parts[1];
					preg_match('@^db_(.+)_\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}_\d{2}-\d{2}\.sql\.gz$@', $backup['filename'], $matches);
					$db_name = $matches[1];
					$command = "gunzip --stdout ".escapeshellarg($backup_dir.'/'.$backup['filename'])." | mysql -h '".escapeshellcmd($clientdb_host)."' -u '".escapeshellcmd($clientdb_user)."' -p'".escapeshellcmd($clientdb_password)."' '".$db_name."'";
					exec($command);
				}
				unset($clientdb_host);
				unset($clientdb_user);
				unset($clientdb_password);
				$app->log('Restored MySQL backup '.$backup_dir.'/'.$backup['filename'],LOGLEVEL_DEBUG);
			}

			//* Restore a web backup
			if($action_name == 'backup_restore' && $backup['backup_type'] == 'web') {
				if($backup['backup_mode'] == 'userzip') {
					if(file_exists($backup_dir.'/'.$backup['filename']) && $web['document_root'] != '' && $web['document_root'] != '/' && !stristr($backup_dir.'/'.$backup['filename'],'..') && !stristr($backup_dir.'/'.$backup['filename'],'etc')) {
						if(file_exists($web['document_root'].'/backup/'.$backup['filename'])) rename($web['document_root'].'/backup/'.$backup['filename'],$web['document_root'].'/backup/'.$backup['filename'].'.bak');
						copy($backup_dir.'/'.$backup['filename'],$web['document_root'].'/backup/'.$backup['filename']);
						chgrp($web['document_root'].'/backup/'.$backup['filename'],$web['system_group']);
						//chown($web['document_root'].'/backup/'.$backup['filename'],$web['system_user']);
						$command = 'sudo -u '.escapeshellarg($web['system_user']).' unzip -qq -o  '.escapeshellarg($web['document_root'].'/backup/'.$backup['filename']).' -d '.escapeshellarg($web['document_root']).' 2> /dev/null';
						exec($command);
						unlink($web['document_root'].'/backup/'.$backup['filename']);
						if(file_exists($web['document_root'].'/backup/'.$backup['filename'].'.bak')) rename($web['document_root'].'/backup/'.$backup['filename'].'.bak',$web['document_root'].'/backup/'.$backup['filename']);
						$app->log('Restored Web backup '.$backup_dir.'/'.$backup['filename'],LOGLEVEL_DEBUG);
					}
				}
				if($backup['backup_mode'] == 'rootgz') {
					if(file_exists($backup_dir.'/'.$backup['filename']) && $web['document_root'] != '' && $web['document_root'] != '/' && !stristr($backup_dir.'/'.$backup['filename'],'..') && !stristr($backup_dir.'/'.$backup['filename'],'etc')) {
						$command = 'tar xzf '.escapeshellarg($backup_dir.'/'.$backup['filename']).' --directory '.escapeshellarg($web['document_root']);
						exec($command);
						$app->log('Restored Web backup '.$backup_dir.'/'.$backup['filename'],LOGLEVEL_DEBUG);
					}
				}
			}

		} else {
			$app->log('No backup with ID '.$backup_id.' found.',LOGLEVEL_DEBUG);
		}

		return 'ok';
	}

} // end class

?>

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


The work al-Maydān : The square represents a distinct intellectual or artistic creation found in Boston University Libraries. This resource is a combination of several types including: Work, Moving Image, Visual Materials.
Winner: Berlin International Film Festival; Sundance Film Festival; Toronto International Film Festival; Dubai International Film Festival; Hamptons International Film Festival.


"Ain't Goin' Down ('Til the Sun Comes Up)" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Garth Brooks. It was released in July 1993 as the lead single from his album In Pieces. The song also appears on The Hits, The Limited Series, The Ultimate Hits, and Double Live. The spelling of the song has varied from album to album, and is also spelled "Ain't Goin' Down (Til the Sun Comes Up)." The song was written by Brooks, Kent Blazy and Kim Williams. It is in the key of G Major. Trisha Yearwood sings harmony vocals.
"Ain't Goin' Down ('Til The Sun Comes Up)" debuted at number 37 on the U.S. Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks for the week of August 7, 1993. The song reached Number One on the Billboard Hot Country Songs chart for the week of September 18, 1993. The song then fell to No. 2 on September 25, 1993, when Tracy Byrd's "Holdin' Heaven" climbed to No. 1. However, on the chart week of October 2, 1993, "Ain't Goin' Down" returned to No. 1.


Is there a deadline for sign ups?
TCYF does not want to turn kids away, period! Every year we have athletes who come in late due to family vacations, moving here from different cities, or healing up from summer bicycle mishaps; however, we do have a deadline that occurs during the actual season, when several games have already been played. Sign ups can be submitted online on our Registration Page, mailed in, or completed at any of our scheduled events, including practices.
Cheer athletes need uniforms that are typically ordered in advance, and must learn routines, so latecomers should definitely speak with our Cheer Coordinator asap.
Football players must have ten practices completed before taking the field (this is a safety issue). Coaches often schedule extra practices to get kids in the game sooner.
Payment by check or cash can be made at any of our scheduled events, including Gear Days and Combined practices. Payment can also be mailed to our PO Box listed on our website. We understand many folks budget for their young athlete's sports, so we keep it simple: we have early signups so we know what our equipment and coaching needs will be. We trust parents to make payment when able, or payment arrangements.
The TCYF board members have been very clear that they do not want to turn any young athlete away because their family is unable to pay. They have worked hard to partner with generous private and business sponsors in our community and have succeeded in providing very low sign up fees. Our tackle cost is $65, and it is quite common to have costs in other organizations run into the hundreds.
There are additional costs for Cheer; as the season approaches, our Cheer Coordinator will address those questions.
We do have limited scholarships, and those are awarded by the President and/or the Board. For families that are in need, contact our President, Jason Billings. Families also help out with used cleats, etc., so reach out to our coaches and let the TCYF family help you!
What if we missed Gear Day?
We usually have two Gear Days, and folks should try to make one of them, but if you miss it, don't worry! We also bring our equipment trailer (Thanks to Bulldog Trailers!!) to practices for the first couple of weeks for latecomers and equipment exchange if there are fit issues during practice. If you have Gear issues, arrive at practice one half hour early! Coaches often collect gear at our gear shed to outfit their team and/or replace damaged gear, so be assured we will get them geared up and in the game. TCYF provides helmet, shoulder pads, pants and pads, mouth piece, practice jersey and game jersey. Parents provide cleats, socks, shorts and shirt.
What can I do to help TCYF?
Contact the President, a Board Member or coach for specific information. TCYF wouldn't exist without volunteers! Parents and members of the community have stepped up for fifty years to continue a great league. We have folks pitching in whose kids have long since grown out of our league, and we need new volunteers to step up and give back to the youth of our communities. There are many small ways you can help right now; for instance, follow us on Facebook and like and share our posts to get the word out. You can also help out with fundraisers, say a carwash for cheer uniforms, or provide a basket or item for our benefit dinner and auction. Folks without coaching experience can still step up as an assistant.
Many businesses buy an ad in our program, sponsor a team, sponsor a field or a specific camp/clinic. You can also inquire about ways to help other families out, like providing a scholarship for a young athlete. Some families purchase their own gear for their kids and later donate to the league, and we are always happy if someone wants to donate a new helmet to the league. Contact a league official about the types of donated equipment we allow; for instance, old helmets are not our friends!
What documents so I need to provide?
As our Tackle Coordinator would say: When you tell us how old your athlete is, we believe you! There is no ID or Birth Certificates necessary. You'll need to fill out the registration form, sign a medical waiver and a concussion info sheet before the first practice, in addition to signing for issued gear. We'll have those available at all of our events.
I'm concerned about injuries; is it safe for my child to participate?
This is a concern which every parent deliberates about with any sport or activity their child participates in. Our league and our coaches listen to the parents, period. You decide.
Safety is our number one priority. We do our best to fit the athletes with the right gear. Helmets are reconditioned and recertified every two years. We purchase new helmets often because helmets can only be used for a handful of years. Coaches attend clinics to learn latest techniques for athlete safety, like proper fitting of gear and strategies to reduce risk of injury in practices and games.
Coaches teach safe, heads up tackling, and athletes are started off slowly and carefully with tackling pads to establish proper technique. Eventually, they participate in controlled live tackling drills under close supervision. After many repetitions and competent performance, athletes may take the field.
We have weight limits in place that start larger athletes in the tackle box (a described shape on the line). For 3rd and 4th grade B squad, only athletes under 95lbs run the ball. The limit is 120lbs for the 5th and 6th grade A squads. Athletes are weighed before every game. For more info on our safety, feel free to bring up any concerns to your coach or any Board Member.
How much playing time will my child get?
Our league policy is that every athlete who shows up to practices gets a minimum of ten plays every game. This is not a suggestion, it's a rule, and every coach knows this. Every athlete has different abilities, so each will get various amounts of playing time. Coaches are watchful to match kids well and place them in positions they can successfully fill.
Typical organizations may have 30 or more kids on one team. With 30 kids on a team, 19 will sit on the bench during the entire game! This is unacceptable. There are kids (that get very little playing time in many other organizations in our state), who would have a good shot at a starting position on a TCYF team. At TCYF, we want the kids to participate, and therefore, in the example of 30 kids on a team, we would have two teams of 15 each. That's twice as many starting players, fewer kids on the bench and much more fun for the kids, parents and coaches!
Chehalis sign ups for TCYF Tackle football, Flag football and Cheer-leading at Hess Kitchen. Payment may be made with cash, check or money order. Tackle (3rd-6th grade), $85. Flag (K-2nd grade), $50. Cheer (Age to be determined), $50. Cheer uniform cost is extra, to be determined.
Centralia sign ups for TCYF Tackle football, Flag football and Cheer-leading at: (location to be determined). Payment may be made with cash, check or money order. Tackle (3rd-6th grade), $85. Flag (K-2nd grade), $50. Cheer (Age to be determined), $50. Cheer uniform cost is extra, to be determined.


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Daniel Tym (ur. w XVII wieku, zm. w XVII wieku) – gdański, a następnie warszawski ludwisarz, autor odlewu posągu i czterech tablic do Kolumny Zygmunta III Wazy w Warszawie.

Życiorys
Najprawdopodobniej był gdańszczaninem i tam rozpoczął swoją pracę jako ludwisarz. Następnie przeniósł się do Warszawy i mieszkał koło Bramy Pobocznej. Od 1634 był kierownikiem odlewni królewskiej Władysława IV. Wykonywał odlewy dział i dzwonów, m.in. dzwonu znajdującego się obecnie na Kanonii. W 1644 wykonał odlewy z brązu figury (twórcą projektu był Clemente Molli), czterech tablic, orłów i pozostałych ozdób Kolumny Zygmunta III Wazy.

Przypisy

Ludwisarze I Rzeczypospolitej
Ludzie związani z Gdańskiem w I Rzeczypospolitej
Ludzie związani z Warszawą (I Rzeczpospolita)
Ludzie związani z produkcją uzbrojenia w I Rzeczypospolitej
Urodzeni w XVII wieku
Zmarli w XVII wieku

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Burnett | Crime & Court
Traffic Stop Leads to OWI 5 Charges for Burnett County Man
DrydenWire.com
Friday, September 14, 2018 | Updated Sep 14, 2018 6:04 pm CDT
Charges of Operating While Intoxicated 5th Offense have been filed against a Danbury, WI man following a recent traffic stop in the Village of Webster, WI.
Randy Staples has been charged with Class G Felony 5th Offense Operating While Intoxicated (OWI) and Misdemeanor Possession of Drug Paraphernalia in Burnett County Circuit Court.
According to a criminal complaint filed against Staples, on August 26, 2018 at around 1:30a, a police officer for the Village of Webster in Burnett County stopped a silver Buick after seeing it cross not only the white line on the road, but also cross the centerline while travelling through the Village.
The Officer identified the driver of the vehicle as Randy Staples. Staples agreed to do field sobriety tests. The criminal complaint states that the Officer noticed the odor of alcohol coming from Staples' breath. Staple told the Officer that he had a few beers while watching a band play in Hertel, WI earlier that night.
Staples was not able to complete the field sobriety tests and was arrested for OWI. A preliminary test of Staples' breath gave a result of .19.
The criminal complaint goes on to state that the Officer found several empty "Redds" bottles in the trunk of the vehicle. The Officer also noticed the smell of marijuana. In the center console of the vehicle, the Officer saw several prescription bottles. While attempting to locate Staples' prescription for Lyrica, the Officer saw that two of the prescription bottles contained baggies with a green leafy substance in them which later tested positive for THC (marijuana). In addition, the Officer found a green pipe with burnt substance in it.
Staples was taken to the Burnett County Jail and booked in. He was later taken to the Burnett Medical Center for an evidentiary blood draw that he consented to. The results of that blood test are not known to DrydenWire.com at this time.
Staples was previously convicted for OWI on March 7, 1994 and May 5, 1995; both in the State of Florida. In addition, Staples has prior convictions for OWI on December 12, 2002 and September 20, 2004 in Burnett County, WI.
Online circuit court records show that on August 28, 2018, Staples was placed on a $500 cash bond at a bail hearing in Burnett County Circuit Court. He appeared most recently on September 12, 2018 for an Initial Appearance on his charges, and is scheduled to appear next in November, 2018.
Pursuant to the direction of the Wisconsin Supreme Court, as found in Supreme Court Rule 20:3.6, Trial Publicly, you are advised that a charge is merely an accusation and that a defendant is presumed innocent until and unless proven guilty.
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Don't Touch That!
PHOTO © ANDREY POPOV
Yeeicch. Germs, germs, everywhere.
Do you have any idea of the nature of the millions of germs laying around on the floor, tables, counters and other surfaces that you come in contact with each and every day? Well, your mom was right. If you touch those germs, they might make you sick, along with the students and teachers who learn and work in your district's schools.
Not all germs, microbes, bugs or pathogens are vicious, but some are. It's important to clean up the nasty ones.
Hold your breath. Here are some germ facts you are not going to like.
According to Darrel Hicks, LLC, author of "Infection Prevention for Dummies," germs come in a variety of forms. Hicks is an expert consultant in the field of cleaning and disinfecting. In his book, Hicks defines three particularly nasty microorganisms or bugs are bacteria, fungi and viruses. The book defines each:
Bacteria are single-celled organisms that sustain themselves as parasites, forms of life that exist by attaching themselves parasitically to hosts. Bacteria also form bacterial spores, which have thick outer walls that can survive in hostile environments that would otherwise kill unprotected bacteria.
PHOTO © ANDREY BURMAKIN
Fungi take the form of single and multi-celled microorganisms. Examples include mildews, molds, mushrooms and yeasts. Some fungi cause disease. Fungi can attach to dust particles on solid surfaces including the floor.
Viruses are vehicles of disease that mutate while reproducing in infected individuals. The mutations are unique in each person, creating illnesses that can be difficult to treat.
Most people are familiar with the names of viruses that infect people. Life threatening bugs include the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C.
A family of viruses called Noroviruses cause a variety of stomach and intestinal ailments including stomach flu. The Rhinovirus family causes the common cold.
MRSA Infections Lead to Surgery and even Death
Germs collect in hotspots or frequently touched surfaces that don't always get disinfected, says Darrel Hicks, author of "Infection Prevention for Dummies," as mentioned above.
Germ hotspots lead to infection problems such as MRSA (methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus), a staph infection resistant to certain antibiotics.
"This is a big deal in high school, college and professional sports," Hicks says.
How big a deal is it? Lawrence Tynes signed on as a kicker with the Tampa Bay Buccaneers professional football team in 2013. He contracted MRSA while at training camp during his first season. He underwent three surgeries and six weeks of antibiotic therapy by way of a central line inserted above his heart. His career ended before it started.
Several high school athletes have died from MRSA infections, and it's been going on for a while. Back in 2008, for example, an 18-year-old linebacker for Liberty High School in Osceola County (Fla.) contracted a MRSA infection, which at the time was not a top-of-mind diagnosis.
Complaining of back spasms, he went to the hospital on a Friday. They didn't keep him. They provided him with medication and sent him home. By Sunday, he was back in the hospital with a rash and labored breathing that grew worse over the course of the day. By Monday, nothing could be done, and he died.
Empty Seats Cost School Districts
Too many empty seats can hurt a school district's finances. For instance, some states have laws that tie school funding to attendance. In those states, high absenteeism due to germ-borne illnesses can cause funding shortfalls.
PHOTO © AFRICA STUDIO
"So there is a real budgetary reason why schools need to be clean and healthy – reimbursement depends on healthy students that come to school every day.
"According to predictions, the 2017-2018 flu season will be tougher than last year," Hicks says. "An Australian flu is expected to hit North America this year."
According to a CNN report, this year's flu season in Australia produced 93,711 laboratory-confirmed cases through August 18, 2017.
Fifty-two people have died, compared to 27 over the same time period last year. Hospitalizations related to flu in Australia have also doubled, from 719 cases last year to 1,429 cases this year.
Despite these numbers and the predictions being made, Dr. Anthony Fauci, director of the United States' National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases told CNN, "There's nothing really unusual about this year except that it's a high year in Australia."
Fauci went on to explain that sometimes the numbers are high and sometimes they are not. "All the flu-ologists, myself included, say the only thing that you can predict about influenza is that it's going to be unpredictable," continued Fauci during his CNN interview.
Still, flus and colds continue to produce empty seats in the nation's K-12 schools year after year.
Can better cleaning and disinfecting by maintenance staffs help to drive the incidence of illness in schools down to lower levels?
Cleaning Up Infectious Hotspots
Hotspots are surfaces touched so frequently by so many people that those surfaces build up infectious levels of germs. Consider the conveyor belt at the cash register in the grocery store. Hundreds, if not thousands, of people may touch those belts between disinfectant cleanings.
K-12 hotspots include student desktops, the teacher's desktop, doorknobs, blackboards, bulletin boards and everything else that students and teachers touch throughout the day.
Athletic departments produce hotspots touched by many, too: footballs, baseballs, basketballs, wrestling mats, chinning bars and more. Many dirty, sweaty hands touch school athletic equipment.
Infectious matter falls off of these surfaces and onto the floor. The shoes that walk the floors in school day in and day out add to the germs in school classrooms and hallways.
PHOTO © SUZANNE TUCKER
The maintenance department's responsibility, then, is to disinfect these hotspots and keep them disinfected throughout every room in every school and hallway in the school district.
"Custodial staffs are pretty good about cleaning and disinfecting school lavatories. Best practices include cleaning the toilets as well as the doors to the booths as well as the latches on the doors," Hicks says.
It is, however, easy to overlook certain surfaces. Take computer keyboards, for instance. Does your district's cleaning policy mention wiping down keyboards as well as the screens on laptops and monitors?
"Another place that doesn't get disinfected as often as it should is the teachers' lounge," Hicks says. "There are plenty of surfaces in teachers' lounges that need attention: the coffee pot handle, the handle on the refrigerator as well as the chair arms and tabletops."
How much more could there be? "People carry body lice," continues Hicks. "Their bites can cause rashes and itching. Body lice don't fly or run, and the best way to get rid of them is to vacuum thoroughly and to follow up with a pesticide instead of a disinfectant."
Keeping school buildings free of germs and infectious materials is and will always be a challenge for a maintenance department. And, of course, one of the main responsibilities of the maintenance directors is to educate the maintenance crew: what has to be cleaned? How and how often must cleaning occur? What tools are appropriate for this dirt and those pests?
Maintenance and cleaning has always been a much more important job than has traditionally been thought. It is a significant part of caring for the health and welfare of children and teenagers in the nation's K-12 schools.
Cleaning robots are being welcomed into healthcare facilities, today, to help meet the strict maintenance requirements of hospitals, clinics, and doctors' offices. The robots spray disinfectant that covers the floors as well as counters and other raised surfaces.
Can robots help clean schools? Yes and no, says Darrel Hicks, LLC, author of "Infection Prevention for Dummies," and an expert consultant in the field of cleaning and disinfecting. "I don't see robots as general cleaning tools," Hicks says. "I can see their use in disinfecting pre-cleaned surface — if surfaces aren't pre-cleaned, the disinfectant won't work properly.
This article originally appeared in the November 2017 issue of School Planning & Management.
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Q: In HBase what does ColumnFamily TTL really mean? Let's assume the we have 2 CF (CF1, CF2).
Let's assume CF2 has a TTL of one day, and CF2 has 2 ColumnQualifiers.
Does this mean that during major compaction any cells in CF2 that are older than a day are automatically dropped (as long as min-version == 0)?
I'm confused because in the documentation they keep referring to rows not sure what they mean...

A: As per my understanding from the docs, row refers to a version of particular rowkey in a column family.
VERSIONS - Max no of versions for a rowkey to be maintained in a Column Family.
TTL - Duration to retain a version of a rowkey
MIN_VERSIONS - Minimum no of versions for a rowkey to be maintained at any point of time.
I would like to explain the above three with an example. Lets say, your CF2 has been configured with VERSIONS = 100, TTL = 1Day, MIN_VERSIONS=3
So, max 100 versions will be maintained for a particular rowKey in CF2 and any version older than 1day will be removed by major compaction if no of versions is > 3. This ensures that always 3 version of a record is always there for CF2.


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What are the main parts of the military?
23 January, 2023 Michael
What are the 3 types of military forces
What branch of military goes to war first
What are the 7 military values
What are the 7 commands of Army
What are the 9 levels of Army units?
How many military levels are there
How many Army 4 stars are there
Who is the No 1 Army in world
What is a military man called
What is the top 10 military forces?
Who go to war first
Do Marines go first war?
Do Marines go into war first
What are the 5 pillars of the Army
What are the 4 military departments
Which part of the military is the most important
What are the top 5 biggest military
What are the 9 principles of war
What are the 10 Soldier rules
What are the 6 Army leadership styles
Who commands the Army
What is a 10 level soldier
What is level 10 in Army
What is a 10 in the military?
Can you be 50 in the Army?
Is captain a high rank
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Which country has no army
The US military has five branches: the Army, Navy, Air Force, Marines, and Coast Guard. As shown in the graphic below, the Army, Navy, Air Force, and Marines are housed under the Department of Defense (DOD).
The Indian Armed Forces comprise of three divisions – Indian Army, Indian Navy, and the Indian Air Force.
The Marine Corps is often first on the ground in combat situations.
Army: Loyalty, duty, respect, selfless service, honor, integrity, and personal courage.
Eastern Command (Headquarters – Kolkata)
Central Command (Headquarters – Lucknow)
Northern Command (Headquarters – Udhampur)
Southern Command (Headquarters – Pune)
South-Western Command (Headquarters – Jaipur)
SQUAD. Commanded By: Staff Sergeant.
PLATOON. Commanded By: Lieutenant.
COMPANY. Commanded By: Captain.
BATTALION. Commanded By: Lieutenant Colonel.
BRIGADE. Commanded By: Colonel.
DIVISION. Commanded By: Major General.
CORPS. Commanded By:
FIELD-ARMY. Commanded By:
There are 13 enlisted Army ranks: private, private second class, private first class, specialist, corporal, sergeant, staff sergeant, sergeant first class, master sergeant, first sergeant, sergeant major, command sergeant major and sergeant major of the Army.
There are currently 44 active-duty four-star officers in the uniformed services of the United States: 17 in the Army, three in the Marine Corps, eight in the Navy, 11 in the Air Force, two in the Space Force, two in the Coast Guard, and one in the Public Health Service Commissioned Corps.
In 2022, China had the largest armed forces in the world by active duty military personnel, with about 2 million active soldiers. India, the United States, North Korea, and Russia rounded out the top five largest armies.
See also Which country has strongest army?
soldier. / (ˈsəʊldʒə) / noun. a person who serves or has served in an army.
Taiwan.
Iran. Total military spend by the country (in millions): 24,589.
The Marines are often the first on the ground in combat situations, leading the charge when conflict arises. They also serve on Navy ships, protect Naval bases and guard U.S. embassies. Marines patrol during a simulated embassy reinforcement.
The Marines Are Often First on the Ground
In fact, the branch is sometimes referred to as the "tip of the spear," because these combat-ready units typically spearhead conflict operations.
The Marines are known for being the first troops to engage in battle, while the Army is prepared to remain in combat for extended periods of time.
The Army Profession is defined by its essential characteristics: Trust, Honorable Service, Military Expertise, Stewardship, and Esprit de Corps.
The Department of Defense is responsible for providing the military forces needed to deter war and protect the security of our country. The major elements of these forces are the Army, Navy, Marine Corps, and Air Force, consisting of about 1.3 million men and women on active duty.
Army. The Army is the main ground-force of the military. The primary purpose of the Army is to protect and defend the US by way of troops, armor, artillery, helicopters, etc. It is the oldest military branch.
The author specifies that there are nine principles of war—an objective, mass, offensive, unity of command, simplicity, the economy of force, maneuver, security, and surprise.
#1. Soldiers fight only Military combatants.
#2. Soldiers do not harm enemies who surrender.
#3. Soldiers do not kill or torture any personnel in their custody.
#4. Soldiers collect and care for the wounded, whether friend or foe.
#5. Soldiers do not attack medical personnel, facilities, or equipment.
The Army Leadership Requirements Model
After reviewing the LRM's five leadership styles, transactional, transformational, servant, autocratic, and followership, it is possible to see how civilian leadership theories tie into LRM competencies.
The 40th and current Chief of Staff of the Army is General James C. McConville.
See also What knife does Canadian military use?
Skill Level 10 identifies entry-level positions requiring performance of tasks under direct supervision. Skill Level 20 identifies positions requiring performance of more difficult tasks under general supervision; and in some instances, involving supervision of soldiers in Skill Level 10.
The pay level for Captain is 10B and the salary without allowance is INR 61,300. A person who has served as a Lieutenant for 2 years at least is eligible for this promotion. The pay level is 10 and the minimum salary without allowance is INR 56,100 and the retirement age is 52 years of age.
The highest military rank is O-10, or "five-star general." It is symbolized by five stars for each of the military services.
The maximum age to join the Army as an enlisted Soldier is 35, while Officers must accept their commission before age 31. However, the Army can lift some restrictions based on the need for certain roles to be filled. It's possible to receive an age waiver if you retire with 20 years of military service by age 55.
captain, a rank in the military and maritime service, and the highest-ranking company officer.
General Mark A. Milley is the 20th Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, the nation's highest-ranking military officer, and the principal military advisor to the President, Secretary of Defense, and National Security Council.
No person have ever been awarded or promoted to a seven-star rank, although some commentators might argue that General George Washington posthumously became a seven-star general in 1976 (see Part Seven).
Bradley became the fifth Army general to be promoted to five-star rank. The five-star rank still exists, although no U.S. officers have held it since the death of General Bradley in 1981. The president may promote a general or admiral to five-star rank at any time, with Senate approval.
So yes, there is an equivalent of a six-star general rank on the books in the US Military, but it has only been given to two people in history: John J. Pershing and George Washington, Generals of the Armies of the United States of America.
The combined number of military personnel among NATO member states amounted to approximately 3.3 million personnel in 2022, compared with 3.27 million in the previous year.
Ref. Andorra has no standing army but has signed treaties by which Spain and France provide defence assistance and protection. It has a small volunteer army which is purely ceremonial in function.
How long would it take to do 1 million push-ups?
Will doing 100 pushups a day do anything?
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     * @param string $link The rss item's link
     * @param string $description The rss item's description
     */
    function __construct($title, $link, $description)
    {
        $this->Title = $title;
 	$this->Description = $description;
 	$this->Link = $link;
    }

    /**
     * Sets (or unsets) the pub date
     * @param Date $date
     */
    public function SetPubDate(Date $date = null)
    {
        $this->pubDate = $date; //->ToString('D, d M o G:i:s T');
    }

    /**
     * Gets the pub date, if set
     * @return Date
     */
    public function GetPubDate()
    {
        return $this->pubDate; //->ToString('D, d M o G:i:s T');
    }

    /**
     * Gets the item category
     * @return Category
     */
    public function GetCategory()
    {
        return $this->category;
    }

    /**
     * Sets the item category
     * @param Category $category
     */
    function SetCategory(Category $category = null)
    {
        $this->category = $category;
    }

    /**
     * Gets the item source
     * @return Source
     */
    function GetSource()
    {
        return $this->source;
    }

    /**
     * Sets (or unsets) the item source
     * @param Source $source
     */
    function SetSource(Source $source = null)
    {
        $this->source = $source;
    }

    /**
     * Gets the item enclosure
     * @return Enclosure
     */
    function GetEnclosure()
    {
        return $this->enclosure;
    }

    /**
     * Sets (or unsets) the item enclosure
     * @param Enclosure $enclosure
     */
    function SetEnclosure(Enclosure $enclosure = null)
    {
        $this->enclosure = $enclosure;
    }
 }


The Arts Council of Greater Baton Rouge invites you to apply to the Ebb & Flow Festival as a juried artist. The Ebb & Flow Festival will celebrate the capital region's cultural, economic, and ecological connection to the Mississippi River and all things that ebb and flow. The two-day Baton Rouge festival will be replete with extraordinary live music, visual arts, exciting culinary offerings, public art, artist demonstrations, multidisciplinary/performance art, and interactive art and cultural experiences to intrigue and satisfy art lovers of all ages.