Chastise thy son, for there is hope, And to put him to death lift not up thy soul.
and ye have forgotten the exhortation that doth speak fully with you as with sons, 'My son, be not despising chastening of the Lord, nor be faint, being reproved by Him, for whom the Lord doth love He doth chasten, and He scourgeth every son whom He receiveth;' if chastening ye endure, as to sons God beareth Himself to you, for who is a son whom a father doth not chasten?read more.
and if ye are apart from chastening, of which all have become partakers, then bastards are ye, and not sons. Then, indeed, fathers of our flesh we have had, chastising us, and we were reverencing them; shall we not much rather be subject to the Father of the spirits, and live? for they, indeed, for a few days, according to what seemed good to them, were chastening, but He for profit, to be partakers of His separation; and all chastening for the present, indeed, doth not seem to be of joy, but of sorrow, yet afterward the peaceable fruit of righteousness to those exercised through it -- it doth yield.
Or what man is of you, of whom, if his son may ask a loaf -- a stone will he present to him? and if a fish he may ask -- a serpent will he present to him? if, therefore, ye being evil, have known good gifts to give to your children, how much more shall your Father who is in the heavens give good things to those asking him?
and David seeketh God for the youth, and David keepeth a fast, and hath gone in and lodged, and lain on the earth.
and it cometh to pass, when they have gone round the days of the banquet, that Job doth send and sanctify them, and hath risen early in the morning, and caused to ascend burnt-offerings -- the number of them all -- for Job said, 'Perhaps my sons have sinned, yet blessed God in their heart.' Thus doth Job all the days.
And Shem taketh -- Japheth also -- the garment, and they place on the shoulder of them both, and go backward, and cover the nakedness of their father; and their faces are backward, and their father's nakedness they have not seen.
And Abraham taketh the wood of the burnt-offering, and placeth on Isaac his son, and he taketh in his hand the fire, and the knife; and they go on both of them together. And Isaac speaketh unto Abraham his father, and saith, 'My father,' and he saith, 'Here am I, my son.' And he saith, 'Lo, the fire and the wood, and where the lamb for a burnt-offering?' and Abraham saith, 'God doth provide for Himself the lamb for a burnt-offering, my son;' and they go on both of them together.read more.
and now, ye -- ye have not sent me hither, but God, and He doth set me for a father to Pharaoh, and for lord to all his house, and ruler over all the land of Egypt. 'Haste, and go up unto my father, then ye have said to him, Thus said Joseph thy son, God hath set me for lord to all Egypt; come down unto me, stay not, and thou hast dwelt in the land of Goshen, and been near unto me, thou and thy sons, and thy son's sons, and thy flock, and thy herd, and all that thou hast,read more.
and I have nourished thee there -- for yet are five years of famine -- lest thou become poor, thou and thy household, and all that thou hast.
And Joseph settleth his father and his brethren, and giveth to them a possession in the land of Egypt, in the best of the land, in the land of Rameses, as Pharaoh commanded; and Joseph nourisheth his father, and his brethren, and all the house of his father with bread, according to the mouth of the infants.
taking remembrance of the unfeigned faith that is in thee, that dwelt first in thy grandmother Lois, and thy mother Eunice, and I am persuaded that also in thee.
And Jacob dwelleth in the land of his father's sojournings -- in the land of Canaan. These are births of Jacob: Joseph, a son of seventeen years, hath been enjoying himself with his brethren among the flock, (and he is a youth,) with the sons of Bilhah, and with the sons of Zilpah, his father's wives, and Joseph bringeth in an account of their evil unto their father. And Israel hath loved Joseph more than any of his sons, for he is a son of his old age, and hath made for him a long coat;read more.
and his brethren see that their father hath loved him more than any of his brethren, and they hate him, and have not been able to speak to him peaceably. And Joseph dreameth a dream, and declareth to his brethren, and they add still more to hate him. And he saith unto them, 'Hear ye, I pray you, this dream which I have dreamed: that, lo, we are binding bundles in the midst of the field, and lo, my bundle hath arisen, and hath also stood up, and lo, your bundles are round about, and bow themselves to my bundle.' And his brethren say to him, 'Dost thou certainly reign over us? dost thou certainly rule over us?' and they add still more to hate him, for his dreams, and for his words. And he dreameth yet another dream, and recounteth it to his brethren, and saith, 'Lo, I have dreamed a dream again, and lo, the sun and the moon, and eleven stars, are bowing themselves to me.' And he recounteth unto his father, and unto his brethren; and his father pusheth against him, and saith to him, 'What is this dream which thou hast dreamt? do we certainly come -- I, and thy mother, and thy brethren -- to bow ourselves to thee, to the earth?' and his brethren are zealous against him, and his father hath watched the matter. And his brethren go to feed the flock of their father in Shechem, and Israel saith unto Joseph, 'Are not thy brethren feeding in Shechem? come, and I send thee unto them;' and he saith to him, 'Here am I;' and he saith to him, 'Go, I pray thee, see the peace of thy brethren, and the peace of the flock, and bring me back word;' and he sendeth him from the valley of Hebron, and he cometh to Shechem. And a man findeth him, and lo, he is wandering in the field, and the man asketh him, saying, 'What seekest thou?' and he saith, 'My brethren I am seeking, declare to me, I pray thee, where they are feeding?' And the man saith, 'They have journeyed from this, for I have heard some saying, Let us go to Dothan,' and Joseph goeth after his brethren, and findeth them in Dothan. And they see him from afar, even before he draweth near unto them, and they conspire against him to put him to death. And they say one unto another, 'Lo, this man of the dreams cometh; and now, come, and we slay him, and cast him into one of the pits, and have said, An evil beast hath devoured him; and we see what his dreams are.' And Reuben heareth, and delivereth him out of their hand, and saith, 'Let us not smite the life;' and Reuben saith unto them, 'Shed no blood; cast him into this pit which is in the wilderness, and put not forth a hand upon him,' -- in order to deliver him out of their hand, to bring him back unto his father. And it cometh to pass, when Joseph hath come unto his brethren, that they strip Joseph of his coat, the long coat which is upon him, and take him and cast him into the pit, and the pit is empty, there is no water in it. And they sit down to eat bread, and they lift up their eyes, and look, and lo, a company of Ishmaelites coming from Gilead, and their camels bearing spices, and balm, and myrrh, going to take them down to Egypt. And Judah saith unto his brethren, 'What gain when we slay our brother, and have concealed his blood? Come, and we sell him to the Ishmaelites, and our hands are not on him, for he is our brother -- our flesh;' and his brethren hearken. And Midianite merchantmen pass by and they draw out and bring up Joseph out of the pit, and sell Joseph to the Ishmaelites for twenty silverlings, and they bring Joseph into Egypt. And Reuben returneth unto the pit, and lo, Joseph is not in the pit, and he rendeth his garments, and he returneth unto his brethren, and saith, 'The lad is not, and I -- whither am I going?' And they take the coat of Joseph, and slaughter a kid of the goats, and dip the coat in the blood, and send the long coat, and they bring it in unto their father, and say, 'This have we found; discern, we pray thee, whether it is thy son's coat or not?' And he discerneth it, and saith, 'My son's coat! an evil beast hath devoured him; torn -- torn is Joseph!' And Jacob rendeth his raiment, and putteth sackcloth on his loins, and becometh a mourner for his son many days, and all his sons and all his daughters rise to comfort him, and he refuseth to comfort himself, and saith, 'For -- I go down mourning unto my son, to Sheol,' and his father weepeth for him.
And he said, 'A certain man had two sons, and the younger of them said to the father, Father, give me the portion of the substance falling to me, and he divided to them the living. 'And not many days after, having gathered all together, the younger son went abroad to a far country, and there he scattered his substance, living riotously;read more.
if chastening ye endure, as to sons God beareth Himself to you, for who is a son whom a father doth not chasten?
And the men say unto Lot, 'Whom hast thou here still? son-in-law, thy sons also, and thy daughters, and all whom thou hast in the city, bring out from this place; for we are destroying this place, for their cry hath been great before the face of Jehovah, and Jehovah doth send us to destroy it.' And Lot goeth out, and speaketh unto his sons-in-law, those taking his daughters, and saith, 'Rise, go out from this place, for Jehovah is destroying the city;' and he is as one mocking in the eyes of his sons-in-law.
And David saith unto Saul, 'Who am I? and what my life -- the family of my father in Israel -- that I am son-in-law to the king?' And it cometh to pass, at the time of the giving of Merab daughter of Saul to David, that she hath been given to Adriel the Meholathite for a wife. And Michal daughter of Saul loveth David, and they declare to Saul, and the thing is right in his eyes,read more.
and Saul saith, 'I give her to him, and she is to him for a snare, and the hand of the Philistines is on him;' and Saul saith unto David, 'By the second -- thou dost become my son-in-law to-day.' And Saul commandeth his servants, 'Speak unto David gently, saying, Lo, the king hath delighted in thee, and all his servants have loved thee, and now, be son-in-law to the king.' And the servants of Saul speak in the ears of David these words, and David saith, 'Is it a light thing in your eyes to be son-in-law to the king -- and I a poor man, and lightly esteemed?' And the servants of Saul declare to him, saying, 'According to these words hath David spoken.' And Saul saith, 'Thus do ye say to David, There is no delight to the king in dowry, but in a hundred foreskins of the Philistines -- to be avenged on the enemies of the king;' and Saul thought to cause David to fall by the hand of the Philistines. And his servants declare to David these words, and the thing is right in the eyes of David, to be son-in-law to the king; and the days have not been full, and David riseth and goeth, he and his men, and smiteth among the Philistines two hundred men, and David bringeth in their foreskins, and they set them before the king, to be son-in-law to the king; and Saul giveth to him Michal his daughter for a wife.
And it hath come to pass afterwards, I do pour out My Spirit on all flesh, And prophesied have your sons and your daughters, Your old men do dream dreams, Your young men do see visions.
Woe to you, Scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! because ye go round the sea and the dry land to make one proselyte, and whenever it may happen -- ye make him a son of gehenna twofold more than yourselves.
I declare concerning a statute: Jehovah said unto me, 'My Son Thou art, I to-day have brought thee forth.
Is not this the carpenter, the son of Mary, and brother of James, and Joses, and Judas, and Simon? and are not his sisters here with us?' -- and they were being stumbled at him.
and immediately in the synagogues he was preaching the Christ, that he is the Son of God.
who is he who is overcoming the world, if not he who is believing that Jesus is the Son of God?
And he answering said to them, 'Elijah indeed, having come first, doth restore all things; and how hath it been written concerning the Son of Man, that many things he may suffer, and be set at nought?
and authority He gave him also to do judgment, because he is Son of Man.
'And the lord commended the unrighteous steward that he did prudently, because the sons of this age are more prudent than the sons of the light, in respect to their generation.
and sons of God see the daughters of men that they are fair, and they take to themselves women of all whom they have chosen.
Sons' sons are the crown of old men, And the glory of sons are their fathers.
A precious son is Ephraim to Me? A child of delights? For since My speaking against him, I do thoroughly remember him still, Therefore have My bowels been moved for him, I do greatly love him, An affirmation of Jehovah.
Jehovah addeth to you, to you, and to your sons.
And to Eber have two sons been born; the name of the one is Peleg (for in his days hath the earth been divided,) and his brother's name is Joktan.


The weekend is almost within reach and here at MyLondon we will try and help you get through the day as best we can.
Well, just when you thought Brexit couldn't cause any more chaos - it definitely can. Turns out a load of pro-Brexit truckers are planning a go-slow protest to block major roads tomorrow. And the M25 will be among them. You can read the full story on that here.
Theresa May's speech has caused a bit of a stir.
175,000 Londoners have signed a petition demanding Article 50 be revoked.
See which areas are most in favour here.
The heartbroken dad of a Crystal Palace youth player who died from leukaemia has paid tribute to his son's bravery and all the good he achieved.
A drug dealing ringleader from Ealing who spent his criminal money on expensive jewellery, holidays, and designer clothing tried to argue he was a victim acting under duress due to large debts.
A Thornton Heath drunk who spat at a shopkeeper and urinated in the street has been told he needs help with his drinking problem, a court has heard.
It's been some week for Callum Hudson-Odoi.
The 18-year-old is on the brink of earning his first England cap, after being called up by manager Gareth Southgate on Monday (March 18).
But that hasn't let the Chelsea star forget where he learned his trade. Last week, he visited Whitgift School where he studied and played football between 2011 and 2014.
During his visit back to the South Croydon school, Hudson-Odoi spent time in the Sixth Form common room and helped coach 13-year-old students.
A pedestrian who was hit by a bus in Camden remains in a "critical condition", police say.
A Hertfordshire zoo, not far from North London, has confirmed the sad news that the "beautiful and awesome" wolf Misha which lots of visitors will recognise has died.
Two people have died after they were electrocuted on railway tracks in East London.
A drug dealer who refused to give back a phone to a teenager he sold cannabis to, was then set up and stabbed seven times and died in the street in West London.
A teenager is currently fighting for his life in hospital after being stabbed in South London.
The 18-year-old was found with a stab wound on Balham Hill, not too far from Clapham South station, at about 6pm on Wednesday (March 20).


Huffington Post colum nist Paul Abrams demonstrated this line of thinking in a March 9, 2011, piece.
These words create something of a dilemma. Either the founders didn't really intend to create a general government of limited powers, or the general welfare clause doesn't really mean unlimited federal authority to fund things beneficial to the nation as a whole.
The fact that the framers followed up the general welfare clause in Article I Sec. 8 with specific enumerated powers indicates the latter – a qualification [limitation] on federal authority. If they had intended Congress should have the power to do virtually anything and everything to promote the general welfare, they wouldn't have bothered to include specific powers.
James Madison made this very point in a letter to James Robertson dated April, 20, 1831.
During the ratification debates, anti-federalists who opposed the Constitution voiced fears that people like our columnist Abrams would come along and assert the term "general welfare" granted unlimited power to the federal government. Supporters of the Constitution swore it would not. Even Alexander Hamilton, the framer most in favor of expansive federal power, conceded as much in Federalist 83.
Madison specifically addressed the anti-federalist fears in Federalist 41.
Randolph addressed this same argument at another point during the debates.
In other words, the general welfare clause in Article 1 Sec. 8 empowers Congress to tax, but it doesn't empower Congress to spend. The specific enumerated powers that follow limit the federal government's spending power to specific objects.
Madison further illuminated the intent of the general welfare clause in a letter to Edmund Pendleton dated Jan. 21, 1792, pointing out that the phrase was lifted from the Articles of Confederation and was intended to retain its meaning in the new Constitution.
Clearly, the words general welfare must mean something other than a grant of power for Congress to do whatever it pleased. What exactly did the framers mean?
Two words in the clause hold the key. General and common. The phrase simply means that any tax collected must be collected to the benefit of the United States as a whole, not for partial or sectional (i.e. special) interests. The federal government may promote the general welfare, or common good, but it must do so within the scope of the powers delegated and without favoritism.
← Constitution 101: Who Decides Constitutionality?
Any discussion of the meaning of the general welfare clause which limits itself to cherry-picking snippets of letters which give the opinion of the writer ("I have always regarded") and then seeks to arbitrarily interpret the clause to be a refutation of the govt "doing whatever it pleases" (strawman) is misleading and myopic.
What if it pleased the govt to defund education, food stamps, social security (which is self funded and fully healthy) or subsidies for hospitals so they can treat the poor?
You have to look at what scotus ruled in the 30's, because THAT is what the constitution means.
Further debate is essentially moot.
Any discussion of the meaning of the general welfare clause which limits itself to the opinions of politically connected lawyers some 140 years after ratification, and that seeks to arbitrarily interpret the clause to justify all of the things the writer wants government to do, is misleading and myopic. If you would like to bring to the table some founding era evidence to back up your broad interpretation of "general welfare clause," I would LOVE to see it. Otherwise, you are right – further debate is essentially moot.


Big greedy companies invented fitted sheets to save fabric and make more money, they sold the the idea of selling fitted sheets sets as a convenience. But there's a catch; Fitted sheets eventually wear differently to the top sheet, leaving you with one flat sheet which is difficult to match and it's almost impossible to buy one fitted sheet on its own.
While discourage fitted sheets and love the tradition and over-sized sheets, you may prefer a fitted sheet, so we make them just for you and sell them singularly or as a set.


Shaun Ryan, CEO of SLI Systems talks to Larry Joseloff from Shop.org (http://www.shop.org/home). Listen in and find out about the exciting content this year's Shop.org Annual Summit has in store for online retailers.
Length 9 mins and 48 secs.
This entry was posted on Monday, October 12th, 2009 at 4:04 pm	and is filed under podcasts, Uncategorized. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.


text:
package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"io/ioutil"
	"os"
	"path/filepath"
	"regexp"
	"strings"
	"time"
)

type Replace struct {
	Old      string
	New      string
	Regexp   *regexp.Regexp
	FileRule *regexp.Regexp
}

var replaces = []*Replace{
	&Replace{`github.com/henrylee2cn/spider/`, `github.com/admpub/spider/`, nil, nil},
	&Replace{`github.com/henrylee2cn/`, `github.com/admpub/`, nil, nil},
}

func main() {
	root := filepath.Join(os.Getenv(`GOPATH`), `src`, `github.com/admpub/spider`)
	save := filepath.Join(os.Getenv(`GOPATH`), `src`, `github.com/admpub/spider`)
	err := filepath.Walk(root, func(path string, info os.FileInfo, err error) error {
		if info.IsDir() {
			if info.Name() == `_tools` || strings.HasPrefix(info.Name(), `.`) {
				return filepath.SkipDir
			}
			return nil
		}
		if strings.HasPrefix(info.Name(), `.`) {
			return nil
		}
		b, err := ioutil.ReadFile(path)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		content := string(b)
		for _, re := range replaces {
			if re.FileRule != nil {
				if re.FileRule.MatchString(path) == false {
					continue
				}
				//panic(path)
			}
			if re.Regexp == nil {
				content = strings.Replace(content, re.Old, re.New, -1)
			} else {
				fmt.Printf("%#v\n", re.Regexp.FindAllString(content, -1))
				content = re.Regexp.ReplaceAllString(content, re.New)
			}
		}
		saveAs := strings.TrimPrefix(path, root)
		saveAs = filepath.Join(save, saveAs)
		err = os.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(saveAs), os.ModePerm)
		if err == nil {
			file, err := os.Create(saveAs)
			if err == nil {
				_, err = file.WriteString(content)
			}
		}
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		fmt.Println(`Autofix ` + path + `.`)
		return nil
	})
	defer time.Sleep(5 * time.Minute)
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Println(err)
		return
	}
	fmt.Println(`Autofix complete.`)
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Хиль-Роблес () — имя собственное; распространено в виде фамилий.
 Хиль-Роблес, Альваро (родился 9 сентября 1944 года в Лиссабоне, Португалия) — испанский юрист и правозащитник.
 Хиль-Роблес, Хосе Мария (27 ноября 1898, Саламанка — 13 сентября 1980, Мадрид) — испанский политический деятель, юрист.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Yale Club of London - Cold, Dark & Rainy... Must be time for FEB CLUB!
Cold, Dark & Rainy... Must be time for FEB CLUB!
The ever-cool Stephen Milbank has pulled off another coup for FEB CLUB in London.
The Player has a really good vibe, makes great drinks, and the barely marked entrance has a nice secret Yalie feel (Look for the small blue sign on the wall or you might miss it!). Lucky Chip, one of the most popular pop-up burger trucks in London, has taken up residency in The Player's kitchen aka Slider Bar and will be manning the grill all night. I'll guarantee that it'll be a better burger than anything you ever got from Louis' Lunch or Educated Burgher (RIP Doodle).
We have the venue reserved to ourselves from 5:30 pm to 1:00 am. This is substantial venue, so feel free to bring your friends.
Click here for EventBrite page, where you can register (it's free) so that we can plan the numbers better....thanks!


Jackets pull out two points over Colorado with win in back-and-forth game.
As Tyson Barrie brings the puck towards the goal line, it appears an Avalanche player makes contact with Joonas Korpisalo. Columbus challenges the call but the call is upheld and Colorado leads 1-0.
Tweet from @JacketsInsider: Wow ... call on the ice stands. Jost clearly made contact with Korpisalo on that one, but NHL video review officials don't overturn it.It's 1-0 #Avs ... and now 2-0.
Just 11 seconds after the first goal, Carl Soderberg sneaks the puck between multiple players in front of Korpisalo to double the Avalanche lead.
Tweet from @BlueJacketsNHL: 2-0 now.
After falling behind by two goals, the Blue Jackets are able to beat Semyon Varlamov to cut Colorado's lead to 2-1 less than halfway through the first period.
END OF PERIOD 1: Two goals in 11 seconds have COL up 2-1 on CBJ.
Ryan Murray takes a long shot from the point, and after Varlamov makes the stop, Boone Jenner taps it out wide to Thomas Vanek who ties the game.
8:42 - SAVE: Korpisalo keeps game tied with full-stretch save.
Colorado has multiple chances in the offensive zone, but Joonas Korpisalo makes a terrific, full-split stop to help the game tied.
After trailing 2-0, the Blue Jackets score their third straight goal to take their first lead of the night. This is the third time this season Werenski has scored in consecutive games.
As he protects the puck behind the Colorado net, Seth Jones is able to find Thomas Vanek in front and puts a pass on the tape. Varlamov gets most of the shot, but the puck manages to trickle over the goal line to put the CBJ up 4-2.
Tweet from @BlueJacketsNHL: OK @T_VANEK26 WE SEE YOU!4-2, #CBJ lead!
END OF PERIOD 2: Three-goal period puts Columbus up 4-2.
10:00 - 10 MIN REMAIN: CBJ hold 35-16 shot advantage, 4-2 lead.
With ten minutes remaining in the final period, Columbus leads Colorado after scoring four straight goals.
The Avalanche pull within one goal on a power play one-timer from Gabriel Landeskog. The Blue Jackets lead 4-3 with 6:34 remaining.
Tweet from @BlueJacketsNHL: avs score.4-3 game.
After the puck hops in front of the net, the Blue Jackets sweep it to the boards. Carl Soderberg collects the bounce and puts it on net for a goal.
Tweet from @BlueJacketsNHL: woof.tie game.
END OF REGULATION: Two Colorado third period goals force overtime.
Pierre-Luc Dubois works his way across the slot, towards the goal line and splits two defenders. He sends a backhand pass to Jones who knocks it in to win the game.


text:
Tag: Dell Hymes
Scriptocentrism and the Freedom to Think
Books are modern. Online textuality is postmodern.
As a comment on my previous blogpost on books, a friend sent me (through Facebook) a link to a blogpost about a petition to Amazon with the following statement:
The freedom to read is tantamount to the freedom to think.
As this friend and I are both anthros+africanists, I'm reacting (perhaps a bit strongly) to that statement.
Given my perspective, I would dare say that I find this statement (brought about by DbD)… ethnocentric.
There, I said it.
And I'll try to back it up in this blogpost in order to spark even more discussion.
We won't exhaust this topic any time soon, but I feel there's a lot we can do about it which has rarely been done.
I won't use the textbook case of "Language in the Inner City," but it could help us talk about who decides, in a given social context, what is important. We both come from a literacy-focused background, so we may have to take a step back. Not sure if Bourdieu has commented on Labov, especially in terms of what all this means for "education," but I'd even want to bring in Ivan Illich, at some point.
Hunters with whom I've been working, in Mali, vary greatly in terms of literacy. Some of them have a strong university background and one can even write French legalese (he's a judge). Others (or some of the same) have gone to Koranic school long enough that can read classical Arabic. Some have the minimal knowledge of Arabic which suffices, for them, to do divination. Many of them have a very low level of functional literacy. There's always someone around them who can read and write, so they're usually not out of the loop and it's not like the social hierarchy stereotypical of the Catholic Church during the Middle Ages in Europe. It's a very different social context which can hardly be superimposed with the history of writing and the printing press in Europe.
In terms of "freedom to thinik," I really wouldn't say that they're lacking. Of course, "free thinker" has a specific meaning in liberal societies with a European background. But even this meaning can be applied to many people I've met in Mali.
And I go back to the social context. Those with the highest degree of functional literacy aren't necessarily those with the highest social status. And unlike Harlem described by Labov, it's a relatively independent context from the one in which literacy is a sine qua non. Sure, it's a neocolonial context and Euro-Americans keep insisting that literacy in Latin script is "the most important thing ever" if they are to become a true liberal democracy. Yet, internally, it's perfectly possible for someone to think freely, get recognition, and help other people to think without going through the written medium.
Many of those I know who have almost nonexistent skills in the written medium also have enough power (in a Weberian sense) that they get others to do the reading and writing for them. And because there are many social means to ensure that communication has worked appropriately, these "scribes" aren't very likely to use this to take anything away from those for whom they read and write.
In Switzerland, one of my recent ancestors was functionally illiterate. Because of this, she "signed away" most of her wealth. Down the line, I'm one of her very few heirs. So, in a way, I lost part of my inheritance due to illiteracy.
Unless the switch to a European model for notarial services becomes complete, a case like this is unlikely to occur among people I know in Mali. If it does happen, it's clearly not a failure of the oral system but a problem with this kind of transition. It's somewhat similar to the situation with women in diverse parts of the continent during the period of direct colonialism: the fact that women have lost what powers they had (say, in a matrilineal/matrilocal society) has to do with the switch to a hierarchical system which put the emphasis on new factors which excluded the type of influence women had.
In other words, I fully understand the connections between liberalism and literacy and I've heard enough about the importance of the printing press and journalism in these liberal societies to understand what role reading has played in those contexts. I simply dispute the notion that these connections should be universal.
Yes, I wish the "Universal Declaration of Human Rights" (including the (in)famous Article 26, which caused so many issues) were more culturally aware.
I started reading Deschooling Society a few weeks ago. In terms of "insight density," it's much higher than the book which prompted this discussion. While reading the first chapter, I constructed a number of ideas which I personally find useful.
I haven't finished reading the book. Yet. I might eventually finish it. But much of what I wanted to get from that book, I was able to get from diverse sources. Including that part of the book I did read, sequentially. But, also, everything which has been written about Illich since 1971. And I'll be interested in reading comments by the reading group at Wikiversity.
Given my background, I have as many "things to say" about the issues surrounding schooling as what I've read. If I had the time, I could write as much on what I've read from that book and it'd probably bring me a lot of benefits.
I've heard enough strong reactions against this attitude I'm displaying that I can hear it, already: "how can you talk about a book you haven't read." And I sincerely think these people miss an important point. I wouldn't go so far as to say that their reading habits are off (that'd be mean), especially since those are well-adapted to certain contexts, including what I call scriptocentrism. Not that these people are scriptocentric. But their attitude "goes well with" scriptocentrism.
Academia, despite being to context for an enormous amount of writing and reading, isn't displaying that kind of scriptocentrism. Sure, a lot of what we do needs to be written (although, it's often surprising how much insight goes unwritten in the work of many an academic). And we do get evaluated through our writing. Not to mention that we need to write in a very specific mode, which almost causes a diglossia.
But we simply don't feel forced to "read the whole text."
A colleague has described this as the "dirty little secret" of academia. And one which changes many things for students, to the point that it almost sounds as if it remains a secret so as to separate students into categories of "those who get it" and "the mass."
It doesn't take a semester to read a textbook so there are students who get the impression that they can simply read the book in a weekend and take the exams. These students may succeed, depending on the course. In fact, they may get really good grades. But they run into a wall if they want to go on with a career making any use of knowledge construction skills.
Bill Reimer has interesting documents about "better reading." It's a PowerPoint presentation accompanied by exercises in a PDF format. (No, I won't discuss format here.)
I keep pointing students to those documents for a simple reason: Reimer isn't advocating reading every word in sequence. His "skim then focus" advice might be the one piece which is harder to get through to people but it's tremendously effective in academic contexts. It's also one which is well-adapted to the kind of online reading I'm thinking about. And not necessarily that good for physical books. Sure, you can efficiently flip pages in a book. But skimming a text on paper is more likely to be about what stands out visually than about the structure of the text. Especially with book-length texts. The same advice holds with physical books, of course. After all, this kind of advice originally comes from that historical period which I might describe as the "heyday of books": the late 20th Century. But I'd say that the kind of "better reading" Reimer describes is enhanced in the context of online textuality. Not just the "Read/Write Web" but Instant Messaging, email, forums, ICQ, wikis, hypertext, Gopher, even PowerPoint…
Much of this has to do with different models of human communication. The Shannon/Weaver crowd have a linear/directional model, based on information processing. Codec and modem. Something which, after Irvine's Shadow Conversations, I tend to call "the football theory of communication." This model might be the best-known one, especially among those who study in departments of communication along with other would-be journalists. Works well for a "broadcast" medium with mostly indirect interaction (books, television, radio, cinema, press conferences, etc.). Doesn't work so well for the backchannel-heavy "smalltalk" stuff of most human communication actually going on in this world.
Some cognitivists (including Chomsky) have a schema-based model. Constructivists (from Piaget on) have an elaborate model based on knowledge. Several linguistic anthropologists (including yours truly but also Judith Irvine, Richard Bauman, and Dell Hymes) have a model which gives more than lipservice to the notion of performance. And there's a functional model of any human communication in Jakobson's classic text on verbal communication. It's a model which can sound as if it were linear/bidirectional but it's much broader than this. His six "functions of verbal communication" do come from six elements of the communication process (channel, code, form, context, speaker, listener). But each of these elements embeds a complex reality and Jakobson's model seems completely compatible with a holistic approach to human communication. In fact, Jakobson has had a tremendous impact on a large variety of people, including many key figures in linguistic anthropology along with Lévi-Strauss and, yes, even Chomsky.
(Sometimes, I wish more people knew about Jakobson. Oh, wait! Since Jakobson was living in the US, I need to americanize this statement: "Jakobson is the most underrated scholar ever.")
All these models do (or, in my mind, should) integrate written communication. Yet scriptocentrism has often led us far away from "texts as communication" and into "text as an object." Scriptocentrism works well with modernity. Going away from scriptocentrism is a way to accept our postmodern reality.
Author enkerliPosted on February 24, 2010 Categories Academia, academic models, academic publishing, academics, arrogance, blog comments, Blogging, cluefulness, comment-fishing, commenting, constructivism, critical thinking, cultural capital, education systems, ethnocentrism, friends, hegemony, humanism, informal learning, intellectual property, intellectualism, journalism, knowledge, knowledge management, knowledge people, language ideology, language sciences, linkfest, literature, mass media, media, mediascape, memory, online publishing, opinions, participatory culture, performance, product and process, radio, rants, readership, relativism, respect, schools, shameless plug, social capital, social change, social networking, social networks, social publishing, sophistication, writingTags Bill Reimer, books, Claude Shannon, conative, Dell Hymes, Deschooling Society, efficient reading, emotive, eurocentrism, football theory of communication, freedom to think, Ivan Illich, J-Schools, Jean Piaget, Judith Irvine, liberal democracy, liberalism, linguistic anthropology, literacy, Mali, mandatory education, Max Weber, metalinguistic, Natural Histories of Discourse, Noam Chomsky, non-linear, PDF, phatic, Pierre Bourdieu, poetic, post-modernism, PowerPoint, reading, reading skills, referential, Richard Bauman, scribes, scriptocentrism, Shadow Conversations, Society for Linguistic Anthropology, Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Warren Weaver, William LabovLeave a comment on Scriptocentrism and the Freedom to Think

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Until a week ago, there were only three possibilities in Libya: the first one is the total collapse of the state and its institutions - a situation that would end up with dividing of the country. The second one is the seizure of armed militant groups, like al-Qaeda, of major cities and centers - a situation that would end up with a civil war.
The third one is prolonged foreign military intervention – similar to the ongoing conflict in Afghanistan.
If the Libyan army under the command of major general Khalifa Haftar - the military commander who in exile fought Muammar Qaddafi for 20 years and who three years ago led the fighting against Qaddafi's troops - succeeds, then Libya would avoid the nightmare of all three possibilities.
If it fails, then the entire world will be involved in a new failed state – the latest to be added to a list comprised of Afghanistan, Syria and Somalia. On the international level, Libya poses the biggest threat because it's on Europe's maritime borders. The North African state contains around 200,000 armed men who have taken over most cities, bringing the country to the brink of collapse.
In the past two years, out of four prime ministers assigned, one of them fled the country out of fear - a ministry undersecretary was killed, the parliament was occupied and threatened, legislations were imposed as armed men's convoys besieged the parliament, the American envoy was killed, Jordan's ambassador was kidnapped, most foreign diplomats have fled and competent people as well as those who could afford to leave also left the country.
Major General Haftar took action and gained the support of most disciplined military, security and civil sectors. In turn, he called on the Supreme Judicial Council to establish a crisis government to run the country until a new parliament is elected.
If the Libyan army hadn't imposed its control and pursued militias, foreign intervention would have inevitably resulted in crises and international disputes. Europe won't sit idle when a country on its southern border is in a state of a civil war. Europe would also not allow Libya, which is a major oil-producing country, to fall in the hands of armed extremist groups, some of which are linked to al-Qaeda.
Many countries voiced their worry of the situation in Libya but only one country condemned the army's intervention. This means that this intervention - or salvation or coup or revolution - enjoys unprecedented support resulting from fear of the situation.
The army's mission of pursuing these armed groups in Libya's cities and vast deserts will be a long-term one. I believe that many regional and international powers, mainly Egypt and Algeria - who have previously voiced their fears of security chaos - will offer to help the Libyan army in implementing its task of purging the country of terrorism.
The international community will be expected to later help Libya build civil states, strengthen security and direct different parties towards new civil governance. The Libyan army with its brave intervention is saving the country from chaos, division and foreign intervention, and hopefully troops will return to their barracks and the military command will respect its promises of civil governance.
This article was first published in Asharq al-Awsat on May 24, 2014.


These multi-family house plans include small apartment buildings, duplexes, and houses that work well as rental units in groups or small developments. Multiple housing units built together are a classic American approach; for example, one might build the first house or unit for the family and then sell or rent the adjacent one. To see more multi-family house plans try our advanced floor plan search.


text:
Sighnaghi Wall
Tbilisi: Full-Day Kakheti & Sighnaghi Tour with Wine Tasting
Sighnaghi Wall: Tours & Tickets
Tbilisi: Kakheti, Signagi, Telavi & Alaverdi Full-Day Tour
David Gareja Monastery and Sighnaghi Tour
From Tbilisi: Bodbe & Sighnaghi Private Half-Day Tour
Sighnaghi: The of Best Sighnaghi Walking Tour
Sighnaghi Wall: Our most recommended tours and activities
1. Tbilisi: Full-Day Kakheti & Sighnaghi Tour with Wine Tasting
Departing from the center of Tbilisi, embark on a full-day tour to visit the sunniest regions of Georgia. The eastern region of Kakheti is Georgia's premier wine-producing area, where almost everywhere you go you'll be invited to drink a glass of traditional amber wine. Along the way, make a stop at the village of Badiauri where you can learn how to bake traditional Georgian bread and can even try to do it by yourself. For those that love cheese, there are many cheeses in Georgia which you can try accompanied by hot, fresh, crusty bread. Next up, visit the Bodbe Monastery, one of the most important religious sites in Georgia. Today there is a nunnery where the monastery used to be, and the St. George Cathedral, part of the monastery, which holds the remains of St. Nino. There is also a new cathedral built, using much of the same construction methods used to make the most famous cathedrals in Georgia centuries ago. You'll then arrive to Sighnaghi, known as the town of love. There your guide will tell the legend that happened in this city many centuries ago as you walk along the cobbled streets of the city, climb the fortress wall, and visit one of the towers. There is also a local market where you can try and buy Georgian spices, sweets, sauces and much more. Finally, it's time to go to a winery to taste Georgian wine. There are so many different wines, and you are bound to find something that you like. Your local guide will also tell you the secrets of making wine and how to drink it.
2. David Gareja Monastery and Sighnaghi Tour
In the morning, the guide and driver will pick you up from your accommodation in Tbilisi (if you choose the private option), or alternatively meet the tour group at Europe Square. Then, head to David Gareja complex via Sagarejo village. Turning from the Eastern main road, drive on a dirt road to the semi-desert. The complex was established in the 6th century AD by one of the 13 Assyrian monks and expanded through the centuries. Here, have a tour of the caves and monasteries, and enjoy 2-3 hours easy trekking in the semi-desert. On your way to Signagi, you'll visit the Bodbe monastery. The monastery is one of the major pilgrimage sites in Georgia, due to its association with St. Nino, the 4th-century female evangelist in Georgia. In Sighnaghi, a small town surrounded by 18th-century defensive wall and remnants of fortifications, take a relaxing walk in the town, explore the defensive wall and fortifications, and enjoy the views of Alazani Valley. In the evening, drive back to your place of stay or Europe Square in Tbilisi.
3. Tbilisi: Kakheti, Signagi, Telavi & Alaverdi Full-Day Tour
After being picked up from your hotel at 8:00AM, your first stop will be the Ujarma fortress. It is believed that in the second half of the 5th century, the famous Vakhtang Gorgasali (founder of Tbilisi) erected numerous buildings in Ujarma and moved his residence there. In the 10th century, Ujarma was destroyed by the Arabian forces of Abul Kassim. Later on in the 13th century, the fortress was restored by King George III, where he arranged treasury. Moving on, your tour will continue through the Gombori Pass, which will see you drive to an altitude of 1,650 meters (5,414 feet). At the top you will discover an observation deck, the perfect place for a photo shoot. After a small stop, you will continue your journey through the magical forest, where you will be able to make a wish. The next stop will be to the Alaverdi Monastery. At a height of over 55 meters, the Alaverdi Cathedral is the second tallest religious building in Georgia. You will then visit the city of Telavi, the main city and administrative center of Georgia's eastern province of Kakheti. On the way to Kvareli, you will stop at the Gremi. Standing above the green valley of Alazan, Gremi attracts travelers whose road goes between Telavi and Kvareli. Gloomy and monumental, the castle is one of the most visited tourist points in Georgia. In Kvareli, you will have the opportunity to taste Georgian wines, finding out how they are made. Following your wine tasting, you should find yourself with a new strength. You will then go to the Bodbe Monastery, which is one of the most important religious sites in Georgia. Continuing your trip, you will venture toward Sighnaghi. Its charming cobblestone streets and alleys consist of restored original nouveau woodwork, and detailed facades give the town a romantic mystique. Billed the "City of Love", Sighnaghi is a popular wedding venue. The wedding chapel here was the first to operate around the clock, and put Sighnaghi on the map as a destination. Its marriage chapel now hosts ceremonies which take place at all hours of the day and night.
4. From Tbilisi: Bodbe & Sighnaghi Private Half-Day Tour
The day begins with pickup from your accommodation in Tbilisi and heads to the first stop of the tour, Bodbe. Upon arrival, visit Bodbe Nunnery, where Saint Nino was buried in the 4th century. From your guide, learn about Saint Nino, who converted Georgian religion to Christianity. Explore this historic location, which is one of the country's most religious places, and where Georgian's come for pilgrimage and forgiveness. Continue the tour onto Sighnaghi, also known as the City of Love. Famous for its wedding house where you can get married 24/7, Sighnaghi is bursting with romantic stories and a unique history. The city is also well-known for its Great Wall, which you can learn about from your guide. Before beginning the return journey to Tbilisi, take a moment to admire the view of the impressive Caucasus Mountain Range and snap photos for your vacation album.
5. Sighnaghi: The of Best Sighnaghi Walking Tour
For those planning a trip to Georgia, discover why Sighnaghi is famous as a holiday destination. You will find the most popular sightseeing places, with theis magical town offering a long collection of historic buildings, markets, and top attractions that you must visit once in a life. Downtown is just the beginning of the city's charms. The vibrant and contrasting city offers you the chance to discover some of the richest examples of Caucasian history. You will be presented with the chance to attend a unique wine-tasting experience, with your tour including the opportunity to taste two different Georgian wines, an experience to remember. Get ready to experience Georgia from a different perspective. A local charismatic guide will reveal the secrets and interesting facts about one of the last secluded European cities.
Top Attractions in Sighnaghi
1 Bodbe Monastery of St. Nino
2 Sighnaghi Wall
3 OKRO'S Natural Wine Restaurant
4 Sighnagi National Museum
5 Pheasant's Tears Winery
Things to Do in Sighnaghi
1 Sighnaghi Wine Tasting & Winery Tours
2 Sighnaghi Tours
3 Sighnaghi Day Trips
4 Sighnaghi Bus & Minivan Tours
5 Sighnaghi Day Trips To
6 Sighnaghi Nature & Adventure
7 Sighnaghi Safaris & Wildlife Activities
8 Sighnaghi Nature & Panorama
9 Sighnaghi Tickets
10 Sighnaghi Food & Drinks
11 Sighnaghi Cooking Classes
12 Sighnaghi Culinary & Nightlife
13 Sighnaghi Museums & Exhibitions
14 Sighnaghi Activities
15 Sighnaghi Off the beaten track
Cities in Georgia
1 Tbilisi
2 Batumi
3 Kutaisi
4 Stepantsminda
5 Borjomi
6 Sighnaghi
7 Mestia
8 Mtskheta
9 Gori
11 Telavi
12 Tsinandali
13 Chiatura
14 Pasanauri
15 Badiauri
16 Kvareli
17 Khertvisi
Other Sightseeing Options in Sighnaghi Wall
Want to discover all there is to do in Sighnaghi Wall? Click here for a full list.
What people are saying about Sighnaghi Wall
Very informative and full of history. ALexi my guide is very very knowledgeable of the history of Khakheti. He is very patient and spontaneous in his explanations. The experience from the start to the end was never boring. the programme of the tour ended beautifully in Khareba. From there I learned not only about Georgian wine but also their sweets and traditional bread. I suppose now i understand wine better in the Georgian way. I will never forget this trip. Was all worth it. How the guide showcased the historical sights of Khakheti made the trip so much fun plus yhe comfort accorded to me during the entire journey. what else can i say but big thanks to the friendly.ge team.
Tbilisi: Kakheti, Signagi, Telavi & Alaverdi Full-Day Tour Reviewed by Rosario, 7/20/2021
Although it was a rainy day, we enjoyed our tour with Aleksi...we had some great food, great conversation and a very smooth drive...he provided us with plenty of historic details and stories of all the places we visited and even told us about the Cathedral near our hotel which we had missed to visit earlier...totally recommend the tour!!
Tbilisi: Full-Day Kakheti & Sighnaghi Tour with Wine Tasting Reviewed by Anushka P, 9/27/2021
I really enjoyed and had fun on this tour. Alexi was very knowledgeable and really make sure you are comfortable, getting the experience you want and more of the tour. I know more about Georgia, past and present. I highly recommend Friendly Tours and you will not regret it! ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐
David Gareja Monastery and Sighnaghi Tour Reviewed by Katrina, 7/21/2021
We had an amazing time on our tour to David Gareja! Our guide Valera was very knowledgeable and we loved every single activity. We learned a lot about Georgian history and culture. The drive was really pleasant too, we always felt safe! I can only highly recommend it.
David Gareja Monastery and Sighnaghi Tour Reviewed by David, 8/11/2021
Aleksi was an excellent guide who gave us a lot of information on this tour.
Tbilisi: Full-Day Kakheti & Sighnaghi Tour with Wine Tasting Reviewed by Michael, 8/26/2021
Kakheti


text:
Q: How do I solve the differential equation: $ \frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{x+y}{x-y} $? $$ \frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{x+y}{x-y}   $$
I have tried this problem so long... such as
please help..

A: Well, we have that:
$$\text{y}'\left(x\right)=\frac{x+\text{y}\left(x\right)}{x-\text{y}\left(x\right)}\tag1$$
Let $x\cdot\text{r}\left(x\right)=\text{y}\left(x\right)$:
$$x\cdot\text{r}'\left(x\right)+\text{r}\left(x\right)=\frac{x+x\cdot\text{r}\left(x\right)}{x-x\cdot\text{r}\left(x\right)}\space\Longleftrightarrow\space\int-\frac{\text{r}'\left(x\right)\cdot\left(\text{r}\left(x\right)-1\right)}{1+\text{r}\left(x\right)^2}\space\text{d}x=\int\frac{1}{x}\space\text{d}x\tag2$$
Now, use:

*

*For the LHS, substitute $\text{u}=\text{r}\left(x\right)$:
$$\int-\frac{\text{r}'\left(x\right)\cdot\left(\text{r}\left(x\right)-1\right)}{1+\text{r}\left(x\right)^2}\space\text{d}x=\int\frac{1-\text{u}}{1+\text{u}^2}\space\text{d}\text{u}=\arctan\left(\text{u}\right)-\frac{\ln\left|1+\text{u}^2\right|}{2}+\text{C}_1\tag3$$

*For the RHS:
$$\int\frac{1}{x}\space\text{d}x=\ln\left|x\right|+\text{C}_2\tag4$$

So, we get:
$$\arctan\left(\text{r}\left(x\right)\right)-\frac{\ln\left|1+\text{r}\left(x\right)^2\right|}{2}=\ln\left|x\right|+\text{C}\tag5$$
Now, set $x\cdot\text{r}\left(x\right)=\text{y}\left(x\right)$ back:
$$\arctan\left(\frac{\text{y}\left(x\right)}{x}\right)-\frac{\ln\left|1+\left(\frac{\text{y}\left(x\right)}{x}\right)^2\right|}{2}=\ln\left|x\right|+\text{C}\tag6$$
Simplify a bit:
$$2\arctan\left(\frac{\text{y}\left(x\right)}{x}\right)=\ln\left(x^2+\text{y}\left(x\right)^2\right)+\text{C}\tag7$$

A: This is a dimensionally homogenous ODE.
Let $u = \frac{y}{x}$
Then we have $\frac{du}{dx} = \frac{x\frac{dy}{dx} - y}{x^{2}}$
So $\frac{du}{dx} = \frac{\frac{dy}{dx} - u}{x}$
$\frac{dy}{dx} = x\frac{du}{dx} + u$
Substituting this in:
$x\frac{du}{dx} + u = \frac{x + ux}{x-ux}$
$x\frac{du}{dx} + u = \frac{1+u}{1-u}$
$x\frac{du}{dx} = \frac{1+u - u + u^{2}}{1-u}$
$x\frac{du}{dx} = \frac{u^{2} + 1}{1-u}$
$\int \frac{1-u}{u^{2}+1}du = \int \frac{1}{x} dx$
Can you solve from here?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Sirius Satellite Radio plans to display a host of products for custom-installation and home audio dealers, including new dedicated single-zone home tuners and systems that deliver Sirius' signal throughout the house.
New products include a dedicated Audiovox single-zone home tuner and Tivoli's satellite table radio, joining Kenwood's single-zone tuner and Antex's triple-zone tuner. In-home distribution solutions are the Echo Wireless Distribution system and a Sirius/DBS Combiner system, which combines the Sirius signal with a DBS-TV signal on a single run of RG-6 cable for wired distribution in the home.
Audiovox'sCE1000ST tuner integrates with most home hi-fi systems and features a large six-line LCD display with RCA stereo and co-axial digital audio outputs, antenna and remote control. For the custom market, it's equipped with RS232 control port. It ships in September at a suggested $249.
The Tivoli Model Satellite table radio delivers AM/FM and Sirius programming from a furniture-grade cherry-wood cabinet and integrated 3-inch speaker. The clock, which is automatically updated by the Sirius service, can be displayed in analog or digital format on a blue display with automatic dimming control. It has alarm functionality and a sleep timer. Inputs are available to add a stereo speaker, subwoofer or CD player. The radio comes with antenna and remote control. It ships in October at a suggested $299.
The Echo Wireless Distribution System works in conjunction with a single satellite-radio antenna to rebroadcast Sirius content wirelessly to satellite radios throughout the house. The system consists of a transmitter that down-converts the Sirius signal to 900 MHz spread spectrum and transmits it to small receivers, which connect to a satellite radio's antenna input after upconverting the signal. Multiple satellite radios within a house can receive different Sirius stations from a single transmitter, which plugs into a standard electrical outlet for power and gets satellite signal from a single connected antenna. Receivers get power through each radio's antenna connection.
The Echo system will be available as a kit with one transmitter, one receiver and power supply at a suggested $129 in the fourth quarter. Additional receivers will be available for $69.
The Sirius/DBS Combiner System combines a Sirius signal with a DBS TV signal on a single run of RG-6 cable and splits it to a Sirius receiver and DBS IRD. It ships in the fourth quarter at a suggested $59 to $69.
Sirius plans to exhibit at booth 1640.
Current product on display will include Antex's SRX-3 Triple Play Multizone Tuner with RS232and IR control ports at a suggested $1,995.
The Kenwood DT-7000S discrete tuner features jog controls for channel and category navigation, a large LCD display, the ability to input text and RS232 control port at a suggested $299.


text:
"""A wrapper for TensorFlow SWIG-generated bindings."""

from __future__ import absolute_import
from __future__ import division
from __future__ import print_function

import ctypes
import sys
import traceback

from tensorflow.python.platform import self_check

# Perform pre-load sanity checks in order to produce a more actionable error
# than we get from an error during SWIG import.
self_check.preload_check()

# pylint: disable=wildcard-import,g-import-not-at-top,unused-import,line-too-long

try:
  # This import is expected to fail if there is an explicit shared object
  # dependency (with_framework_lib=true), since we do not need RTLD_GLOBAL.
  from tensorflow.python import pywrap_dlopen_global_flags
  _use_dlopen_global_flags = True
except ImportError:
  _use_dlopen_global_flags = False

# On UNIX-based platforms, pywrap_tensorflow is a SWIG-generated
# python library that dynamically loads _pywrap_tensorflow.so.
_can_set_rtld_local = (hasattr(sys, 'getdlopenflags')
                       and hasattr(sys, 'setdlopenflags'))
if _can_set_rtld_local:
  _default_dlopen_flags = sys.getdlopenflags()

try:
  if _use_dlopen_global_flags:
    pywrap_dlopen_global_flags.set_dlopen_flags()
  elif _can_set_rtld_local:
    # Ensure RTLD_LOCAL behavior for platforms where it isn't the default
    # (macOS). On Linux RTLD_LOCAL is 0, so this does nothing (and would not
    # override an RTLD_GLOBAL in _default_dlopen_flags).
    sys.setdlopenflags(_default_dlopen_flags | ctypes.RTLD_LOCAL)

  from tensorflow.python.pywrap_tensorflow_internal import *
  from tensorflow.python.pywrap_tensorflow_internal import __version__
  from tensorflow.python.pywrap_tensorflow_internal import __git_version__
  from tensorflow.python.pywrap_tensorflow_internal import __compiler_version__
  from tensorflow.python.pywrap_tensorflow_internal import __cxx11_abi_flag__

  if _use_dlopen_global_flags:
    pywrap_dlopen_global_flags.reset_dlopen_flags()
  elif _can_set_rtld_local:
    sys.setdlopenflags(_default_dlopen_flags)
except ImportError:
  msg = """%s\n\nFailed to load the native TensorFlow runtime.\n
See https://www.tensorflow.org/install/install_sources#common_installation_problems\n
for some common reasons and solutions.  Include the entire stack trace
above this error message when asking for help.""" % traceback.format_exc()
  raise ImportError(msg)

# pylint: enable=wildcard-import,g-import-not-at-top,unused-import,line-too-long


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WinZip is a powerful, fast, and easy-to-use zipping and unzipping utility for Windows that includes built-in support for popular Internet file formats such as ZIP, TAR, UUencode, XXencode, BinHex, MIME, and Unix-compressed files.
The optional Wizard guides the user through the most common tasks involving Zip files. The award winning Classic interface features tight integration with Windows.
The latest version, WinZip 8.1, continues to improve integration with Windows Explorer via expanded, configurable Explorer context menu items--and you can now select multiple Zip files for extraction in a single operation from the Explorer window. For those who have problems with limited size of e-mail attachments, or who want to split up large downloadable Zip files, the new split Zip file feature allows you to split Zip files into multiple parts of a size that you specify. The new WinZip taskbar tray icon gives you instant access to recently opened Zip files and other WinZip features. Windows XP users will appreciate WinZip 8.1's support of new XP features.
For more information, visit the WinZip home page at http://www.winzip.com.


Lär dig hantera Windows 10, Windows 8.1 & 7 och Windows Server 2012 R2 med Group Policy.
Instruktören, världskändisen och naturligtvis MVP:n Jeremy Moskowitz, har utvecklat denna unika tredagars-labb som körs under ett enda tillfälle i Norden under vintern 2018 och givetvis då hos oss på LabCenter med Jeremys kollega James Conrad.
Labben Mastering Group Policy är tre intensiva kursdagar hands-on labbande, med allt du behöver veta för att hantera Windows XP, Windows 7, Windows 8 samt 8.1, Windows Server.
Labben kommer även att vara uppdaterad med nya funktioner etc i Windows 10 och på senaste versionen av Windows Server.
Hands-on labbandet ger dig självförtroendet att hantera Group Policy förändringar i din IT-miljö. Du måste bara få reda på hur det fungerar och på LabCenter gör vi det tillsammans!
Students should know how to use Active Directory Users and Computers to create user and group accounts, how to create OUs, and should have a basic understanding of Active Directory concepts.
Learn to manage your Windows 7 and later machines (including Windows 8.1 and Windows 10) and also Windows Server 2008 R2 and later (including Windows 2012 / R2 and Server NEXT) using Group Policy..
If you want to plan and manage their Group Policy design the right way this is the right course.
Group Policy touches every single aspect of Active Directory security. If you don't have a firm foundation in Group Policy, then its impossible to ensure that security directives are accurately implemented and enforced.
If you're rolling out Windows (7, 8 or 10) VDI, Citrix Xenapp, what will the end-user experience be after your rollout? Using Group Policy, Group Policy Preferences and 3rd party Group Policy tools and techniques, you can have a standard desktop when needed and the flexible desktop when required.
Additionally, if Group Policy stops functioning, you will get need the skills to troubleshoot and repair it.
This course also has information about how Group Policy and MDM relate, and provides information on how to perform Group Policy/MDM co-management and troubleshooting.
NOTE: Anything new or up to date in Windows 10 will be "up to the minute" updated in this course as it happens !
Where does Group Policy apply?
When does Group Policy apply (Windows XP, Win 7 & 8, Win 8.1 & 10 and also Windows Server 2003, 2008 & R2, 2012 and 2012 R2)?
Why your IT machine MUST be Windows 8 / 8.1 or later to get maximum benefits of Group Policy.
What happens when a new GPO is created?
Why do GPOs get processed?
What happens when Group Policy applies initially?
What happens when Group Policy applies in the background for member computers?
What happens when Group Policy applies In the background for Domain Controllers?
What happens when Group Policy applies during security processing?
What happens when Group Policy applies when moving a User or Computer?
What happens when Group Policy applies when performing manual processing?
What happens when Group Policy applies when processing over slow links?
What are the processing differences between Windows 2000, Windows 2003, Windows XP, Win 7, Windows 8 and Server versions (2003, 2008 & R2, 2012) – and why Windows 8.1 (and later) changes everything !
How does Windows 8 and 8.1 process GPOs differently than XP Or Win7 ?
What happens when you move a User or Computer in Active Directory?
When does security get processed?
Understanding which clients can utilize GPPrefs.
What's new in Windows 8 and 8.1.
What's new in Windows 10.
Why ADM files were replaced with ADMX files.
Understanding ADMX and ADML files.
Understanding working with others and the Central Store.
Keeping the Central Store up to date.
Group Policy and Powershell (just a little bit).
Advanced Group Policy Management (AGPM, Microsoft's additional pay tool) for Group Policy Change Control and workflow management.


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60 Per Cent of Police & Military Say They Will Support Le Pen in French Presidential Election
Support for Le Pen among active duty cops as high as 74 per cent.
Chesnot via Getty Images
60 per cent of police and military say they will support populist Marine Le Pen in next year's French presidential election, with the number even higher among active duty police.
A survey published by the Centre for Political Research of Sciences Po (Cevipof) found that a plurality of 44 per cent of police and military would vote for Le Pen in the first round of the election.
In a hypothetical second round run off against President Emmanuel Macron, this number rises to 60 per cent, a three per cent increase on the 57 per cent figure she achieved in 2017.
Among active duty police officers, support for the National Rally leader rises to a massive 74 per cent.
Around 48 per cent of police say Le Pen "understands the problems of people like us" compared to just 13 per cent who say the same of Macron.
"A report released by the newspaper Le Figaro this week details the extent of attacks on police as they carry out their duties, claiming that last year alone 8,719 police officers and gendarmes were injured and 11 officers killed," reports Breitbart.
"In the first three months of 2021, the newspaper states that 727 officers have been injured during operations, and notes that an officer is assaulted on duty every hour in France, on average."
Police, ambulance workers and fire crews are routinely attacked when they try to enter Islamist no go zones, despite the media still claiming they don't exist.
Last weekend, a group of anonymous active duty military personnel wrote a letter warning Macron of a "civil war" in the country due to his concessions to Islamists and the far-left.
"If a civil war breaks out, the military will maintain order on its soil because it will be asked to do so," stated the letter.
A poll conducted last month found that the majority of French citizens agree that the country is headed towards civil war.
Also, I urgently need your financial support here.
German Green Party Members Want to Remove 'Germany' From Their Own Manifesto
Trump Celebrates Political Demise Of 'Horrible' Liz Cheney


In 1897 Rhodesia Railways asked one of Cape Town's top lawyers Mr Webb to come to Bulawayo to open Bulawayo's first legal firm. Webb quickly established a firm which provided top quality legal services to the fledgling colony. Webb soon invited Henry Low, another lawyer practicing in South Africa, to join him. Henry Low was later knighted for his services to Bulawayo and lends his name to the Henry Low primary school in Bulawayo. Michael Barry, the firm's third named partner, joined the firm in 1922 creating Webb, Low & Barry.
In 1983 Bob Cole became senior partner on Michael Barry's retirement and the following year David Coltart, the current senior partner became a partner. Norman Pattison became a partner in 1985, with Josephat Tshuma becoming a partner in 1989. David Coltart became senior partner in 1998 when Bob Cole retired.
The firm prevailed through the harsh economic climate and hyperinflation in Zimbabwe from 2000 to 2008. In 2006, Webb, Low & Barry took over and incorporated another old Bulawayo firm, Ben Baron and Partners. The firm migrated to larger premises in 2008 in the Belmont suburb of Bulawayo.
Since dollarization in 2009, the firm has continued to grow and expand its client base both within Zimbabwe and internationally. Webb, Low & Barry is a full service law firm with a dedicated team of lawyers that practice in all areas of Zimbabwean law. The firm maintains high professional standards and prides itself in the honesty and integrity of its lawyers. Webb, Low & Barry has provided premium legal services to the city of Bulawayo for over a century and that tradition continues to this day.


Taking inspiration from their favourite characters, our range of boys' slippers boasts adorable styles. In soft and colourful designs, the dino and Pokemon will keep them company and their feet snug throughout the cold season. Perhaps super comfy bed sets with bright patterns bring a splash of colour to chilly days.


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"Not Zimbabwe closing the borders On South Africans" Social Media Says In Disbelief
By HottestNews (self media writer) | 1 month ago
Now that the festive season is here, many people are planning their vacations, family visits, and how they want to spend the festive season with their loved ones as well as their friends.
When the month of December arrives in South Africa, many people, particularly those who live in cities or in one of the provinces where people mostly work, return home to places considered villages or rural areas to spend some quality time with their families during the festive season.
This is the same thing that happens to many individuals who come from other countries and reside in South Africa or have only come to work, like most Zimbabwean foreigners who live in South Africa and came because they were searching for better employment opportunities, and it's just a way in which they can provide better lives for their families and those whom they left behind in a country that does not cater for the development of citizens.
During the festive season, the board is usually really busy because there are people coming in and out, especially when it comes to people going back to their countries, which are the neighbouring countries of South Africa. Millions of Zimbabwe nationals reside in South Africa and many of them go back home on a yearly basis, but it seems like this time things might just be different. A
social media user announced that Zimbabwe has decided to close the border on South Africans and many people started saying that it is not necessarily closed for South African citizens but for Zimbabwean citizens who are residing in South Africa so that they should not go back home during the festive season. Some believe it is because Zimbabwe does not want its own citizens in the country anymore and some are saying it is because they do not want citizens to come and cast their vote so that they can avoid voting out the ruling party, which could be considered responsible for the struggle that citizens are facing in the country..
All the decisions to close the boy could simply be because of the new variant that was found in South Africa and is causing a high infection rate in the coronavirus, and Zimbabwe is trying to avoid putting its citizens in jeopardy..
Here is the Source https://twitter.com/Ashseraka2/status/1465967115337449472?s=20
Content created and supplied by: HottestNews (via Opera News )
South Africa South Africans Zimbabwe Zimbabwean
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Berea Is Not Safe - This Is What SAPS Recovered From 5 Suspects.
Nigerian Women are not Fascinated by Men from other Countries just like SA Women - Man Proclaims


Autograph Letter Signed, to 'My dear Brodie', asking him to attend a practice lecture at his home on Modern Turkey Social & Political. 1 page, 7 x 4½ inches, horizontal folds. Wimbledon, 29 November 1875. Humphry Sandwith (1822-1881), army surgeon, head of the medical staff during the Siege of Kars (1855), author of A Narrative of the Siege of Kars (1856) and other books on Turkey.


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LinkedIn (if you aren't familiar) is a social networking site. It is not the usual site where you connect with your friends and family. Rather, it's a social networking site for employer and employee.
People often use LinkedIn for connecting to clients, employing freelancers or look up for jobs of any sort. It was initially a website. Eventually, the Android app was developed. Now, there is a lite version of the app as well.
Let me explain the Lite version of any app to you. Apps usually start off by occupying just a handful of storage (MB) in your device. As you use it, it gradually eats up even more storage. Previously, there was a difference in the amount of work you can get done in an app i.e. some features of the website were restricted to the site only.
But now, apps are at par with all the website. On the other hand, the size of the apps has increased massively. To curb down this, Lite version of apps have been launched into the market by the parent company itself. These Lite versions will help you get the basic job done and occupy very little space. Besides, these Lite versions also function quite well in slow network areas as well.
The app has been developed by the Indian team, hence will roll out in this country first. The Lite app as we as the mobile web version will be rolled to over 60 countries soon.
LinkedIn Lite would run smoothly on the low-speed internet (2G network) as well as low-end smartphones. The LinkedIn Lite is only 1MB and uses only 20% data as compared to the conventional app. You can download the app from Google Play Store or wait till it's launched in your country.
Since LinkedIn isn't a very common app, I would love to know if you use it (and for what) or not.


Aura has one of the most experienced teams in Microsoft technology environments, adding the knowledge of many different business scenarios with the best practices applied in technology.
Our solutions are oriented from the very beginning to the needs of our customers. Always based on the development, architectures and best practices of the sector and Microsoft.


Today we've published a paper showing that Bell's inequality is violated in fluid mechanics. What has this to do with computing or security? Well, when we posted a paper back in February pointing out that hydrodynamic models of quantum physics raise questions about the scalability of quantum computing, a number of people asked for a better explanation of how this squares with the Bell tests. John Bell proved an inequality in 1964 that applies to classical particles but that is broken by quantum mechanical ones. In today's paper we show that Bell's inequality does not hold in classical fluid dynamics, as angular momentum and energy are delocalised in the fluid.
This may have implications for engineering, science and philosophy. On the engineering front, nine-figure sums have been poured into developing quantum computers, but even advocates of quantum computing admit they don't really work. As our February paper argued, a hydrodynamic interpretation of quantum mechanics may suggest reasons why.
On the scientific front, the Bell tests are commonly seen as excluding not just local hidden-variable models of quantum mechanics, but local realism too. Our paper shows that the two are distinct, and thus leaves more room for research on quantum foundations. It also shows that we should be more careful in our use of terms such as 'local' – which might be of interest to the philosophers; the Bell tests do not draw quite as clear a dividing line between the quantum and classical worlds as many have believed.
You're saying a classical fluid is 'non-local'.
Do you understand what non-local means?
Have you an experimental proposal demonstrating this ability of classical fluids to violate Bell inequalities (a la Clauser, Aspect, Zeilinger et al)?
@James: my understanding was that you need both local realism *and* relativistic causality for Bell's Inequality to hold. In a classical fluid, there's no relativistic causality, so a violation of Bell's Inequality should be possible.
That paper http://arxiv.org/abs/1110.3795 shows that quantum correlations can't be explained by any type of finite speed influence operating faster than the speed-of-light (non-local) – unlessyou also allow superluminal signalling.
I don't thnk classical fluids are capable of infinite speed influences – so the paper only helps to demolish such ideas.
@James: well, it depends what you mean, I suppose; I interpreted "classical" in this context to mean both non-quantum and non-relativistic. In a non-relativistic fluid, a change at any one point should (I think) immediately cause a small but non-zero effect at any arbitrary distance.
No, I don't see how that's possible unless you have a non-classical model of the fluid dynamics.
But to save arguing over terminology, just suggest an experiment that would give Bell violations in a classical fluid.
I'm afraid I have neither the expertise or the time necessary for that. But as the simplest possible case, consider a non-compressible fluid in a rigid pipe, with pistons at each end. Push one piston and the other one will move instantly.
I should have mentioned, of course, that if the fluid in Ross's paper is indeed non-relativistic, that may compromise drawing any conclusions about quantum mechanics, which is of course relativistic.
Thanks for all the comments. The experimental results from Couder, Fort and colleagues show double slit diffraction, tunneling and quantised orbits in a classical fluid system. The measurements show the motion is approximately Lorentz covariant with the speed of sound in place of light. Fluid mechanics are intrinsically "relativistic".
As for whether the Bell tests demonstrate non-locality, they actually demonstrate non-separability: quantum systems do not obey Einstein's Trennungsprinzip, but then neither do fluid dynamical systems either (see Don Howard on this). As for how the mechanisms we describe apply to photons, there are two papers by David Ferry which raise some interesting questions.
You might care to note, in addition to this, that our paper explains how spin-half behaviour can come about in a fully classical system. That's another nail in the coffin of quantum exceptionalism! For almost ninety years now, the priests of the quantum church have held this out as one phenomenon that simply cannot have any classical basis. Well, they were wrong.
Spin was shown to be a non-relativistic property over 40 years ago by Levy-Leblond, you just need to assume a multi-component wave-function.
But really, to be taken seriously you need to propose an experiment where Bell Inequality violations can be demonstrated by a classical fluid – as per the title of your paper.


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what did nannaya write
Nannaya's (1022--1063) translation of the Sanskrit Mahabharata into Telugu is the piece of Telugu literature as yet discovered. The first treatise on Telugu grammar, the "Andhra Shabda Chintamani", was written in Sanskrit by Nannaya, who was considered first poet and translator of Telugu in the 11th century A.D. By writing painful poem in your heart. Nannaya Bhattaraka (sometimes spelled Nannayya or Nannaiah; ca. He did not complete the unfinished portion of Aranya Parva. We have so far completed Aadi parva, Sabha Parva and Aranya Parva written by Nannaya and Yerrapraggada, and entering Virata Parva written by Tikkana. Brahmins used to recite Puranaas such as Sanskrit Mahabharata in Temples and courts. The diction is so masterly that historians think that there must have been earlier works in Telugu. He also holds the titles Sabda Sasanudu and Vaganu Sasanudu (Law giver of the language) after his Telugu grammar work Andhra Sabda Chintamani. The writing went on for four years. [Dēvulapalli Rāmānujarāvu] -- Study of Nannaya, 11th century Telugu poet. We are officially not yet aware of any Telugu literary work written before 1000 CE. Subscribe to Free E-Magazine on Reference. Nannaya did not follow verbatim the original Sanskrit text. 1. a) Write the characteristics of Old English (or) b) Write an essay on the impact of printing press on English 2. a) Attempt a critical appreciation of "Ode to the Westwind" (or) b) Consider "My last Dutchess" as a typical dramatic monologue 3. a) Describe the theme … Tongue is melting and there is shortage of words, Meravanige horatante naa saavige. The items ranged in dates from around 2100 BC to 600 BC. The National Service Scheme (NSS) contingent of Adikavi Nannaya University, Rajamahendravaram, emerged victorious by bagging the Overall championship … Unfortunately, no Telugu literature prior to Nannaya is available, except royal grants and decrees, though Telugu language started to develop even before the Common Era. [citation needed]. Nannaya wrote two and a half parvas and Tikkana wrote from 4th parva till the end. But he did not change the storyline and kept the language enjoyable to the reader. Nannaya is held in high regard as the person who revived the Telugu language. At the time of Rajaraja Narendra, two literary works in Kannada language, viz., Vikramarjuna Vijaya and Gadayudda already popularized the story of Sanskrit Mahabharata in Karnataka. He created his own version of the epic in Telugu (Andhram) by making several modifications, additions and deletions. 11th century AD) was a Telugu poet and the author of the first Andhra mahabharatam, a Telugu retelling of the Mahabharata. Here I am only saying 'We are not aware' but NOT that they never existed. This article is about the Telugu author. By writing painful poem in your heart. His writings reflect the larger picture of the then society. Most of Telugu literature begins with this massive epic transcreated by these three great sage-scholars o edit. They included part of a statue of the famous early king, Shulgi of Ur , who ruled around 2058 BC, a ceremonial mace-head made of stone and some texts.The statue, Woolley observed, had been carefully restored to preserve the writing. Copyright © Jupiter Infomedia Ltd. All rights reserved including the right to reproduce the contents in whole or in part in any form or medium without the express written permission of Jupiter Infomedia Ltd. Kamal Kumar Majumdar was a fiction-writer of the Bengali language. Nannaya translated about 142 verses of Aadi, Sabha and Aranya chapters of Sanskrit Mahabharat. Nannaya was the first to translate a Sanskrit text into Telugu language and he rightly holds the titles Aadi Kavi (the First Poet) and Vaaganusaasanudu (the dictator of the language). Other articles where Nannaya Bhatta is discussed: Dravidian languages: Telugu: …first literary work is by Nannaya Bhatta; dating from the 11th century, it is a poetic translation of a part of the Mahabharata ("Great Epic of the Bharata Dynasty"). Note: If you did not find your desired free project topics and materials PDF or the premium versions on PROJECTS.ng, you can contact us for a custom project writing service. Nannaya translated about 142 verses of Aadi, Sabha and Aranya chapters of Sanskrit Mahabharata. Yerrapragada, later completed the half portion of the 3rd chapter and lived a full life. Thus he developed a distinct literary style, meter and grammar. Nannaya Bhattaraka was the first, though he translated only two and a half chapters. Nannaya was the first to translate a Sanskrit text into Telugu language and he rightly holds the titles Aadi Kavi (the First Poet) and Vaaganusaasanudu (the dictator of the language). 'Antarjali Jatra' is one of his notable novels. Tikkana, writing from Nellore in the thirteenth century, had a concept of Andhra that included coastal Andhra and Rajahmundry, from where Nannaya had written a couple of centuries earlier. [1], He is also known as Adi Kavi in recognition of his great literary work. Tongue is melting and there is shortage of words, ... Maretu hoyite nannaya haajari, Did you forget my presence, Baredu yedeyali novina shaayari. 20-32 Lu-dijira out o f his inflamed heart wrote a lament: (giant goddess Nanaya, spouse to Nabu, & earthlings) "O father who has died a violent death, O Nannaya (1 ms. has instead: my Nannaya), who through the evil planned against him has been carried off to the nether world, * Andhra Bhasha Bhushanam: Though Nannaya wrote the first Telugu grammar titled Andhra Sabda Chintamani, it was written in Sanskrit. Most of Telugu literature begins with this massive epic transcreated by these three great sage-scholars Gonabudda Reddy (13th century): Gonabudda Reddy is known for his Ranganatha Ramayanam which is a pioneering work on the theme of Ramayana in Telugu. Later, during the earlier part of 1400 A.D. a great poet called Yerra Praggada completed Aranya Parva, left by Nannayya. Patinenkilkkanakku is a collection of 18 Tamil poetic works which were written in the period of ethical Tamil literature, after the Sangam age. Then he died. Karagide naalige, baravide maatige. It took 300 more years and two more writers, Thikkana and Errana, to complete the work started by Nannaya. Thus, the Mahabharata is the first comprehensive literary text written in Telugu way back in 1053 AD. This grammar followed the patterns which existed in grammatical treatises like Aṣṭādhyāyī and Vālmīkivyākaranam but unlike Pāṇini, Nannaya divided his work into five chapters, covering samjnā, sandhi, ajanta, halanta and kriya. Tikkana (or Tikkana Somayaji) (1205–1288) was born into a Telugu speaking Niyogi Brahmin family during the Golden Age of the Kakatiya dynasty.He was the second poet of the "Trinity of Poets (Kavi Trayam)" that translated Mahabharata into Telugu.Nannaya Bhattaraka was the first to translate two and a half chapters of Mahabharata. There was no grammatical work in Telugu prior to it. Make no mistake. Nannaya is held in high regard as the person who revived the Telugu language. So Tikkanna who undertook the completion of this great work, started the work from chapter 4. Nannaya is the first of Trinity of poets (Kavitrayam). Known as the Kavya Traya or the 'Trinity of Telugu Literature' these three poets are the composers of the Andhra Mahabharata, a replica of the Sanskrit Mahabharata.Nannaya is acclaimed as the Adi Kavi or the first poet of Telugu literature. Eastern Chalukya Dynasty supported Jainism and Shaivism (Veera Shaivism). Errana started the remaining half of the Aranya book with the style of Nannaya and ended it with the style of Tikkana as a bridge between the parts translated by Nannaya … These three are known as Kavitraya (The poet Trinity) Mahabharata is the first comprehensive literary Even a thousand years before, Buddhism and Jainism became very popular using local languages for their sermons and teachings. The Adikavi Nannaya University on Monday suspended Professor N Surya Raghavendra, the Head of English Department in the varsity, after an enquiry committee met to … Nannaya, the pioneer. This work, which is rendered in the Champu style, is chaste and polished and of a high literary merit. By writing painful poem in your heart. During 13th century, Tikkana Somayaji who was living in Nellore started the work of translation of Sanskrit Maha Bharat into Telugu. The surname of Erranna was Yerrapragada or Errapregada, which are epithets of the fair-skinned Sri Kumaraswami in the Telugu language, but became attached to his paternal family due its having notable members with fair or red-skinned complexions. There are many great things about Andhrapradesh. Hence, Ketana should be credited with writing the first Telugu grammar in Telugu. Nannaya Bhattaraka took the challenge very seriously. He learned from the success of Jains and Buddhists that the only way to popularize the new religions and Puranaas was to translate them into Telugu. Click here for NANNAYA CET-2020 Examination Time table Click here for NANNAYA CET-2020 Online Application New Schedule for Conducting NANNAYACET 2020 Will be uploaded after relaxing the prevailing the COVID-19 LOCK-DOWN. Rajaraja Narendra of Eastern Chalukya Dynasty ascended to the throne in 1022 AD. This document is highly rated by UPSC students and has been viewed 2 times. But, Puranaas were not available in Telugu. Nannaya is acclaimed as the Adi Kavi or the first poet of Telugu literature. The troika are thus referred to as 'Kavitraya'. Vemulawada Bheema kavi who travelled all over the Deccan also visited Rajahmundry to show case his Raghava Pandaveeyam and Kavijanasrayam(now proved to be written by Malliya Rechana) and that Nannaya burnt these books out of jealousy.Bheema kavi eventually cursed him to death while writing Aranya parvam of Mahabharata. This is like a procession on my way to death. He was born into a Bhatraju family of the Godavari coastal area. The land area spread across three Lingas is Trailing , the Telugu language spoken. The graceful and subtle presentation of contemporary society reflects the true essence of the cultural tradition and heritage of that period. So, Rajaraja Narendra requested his teacher, adviser and court poet Nannaya Bhattaraka to translate Sanskrit Mahabharata into Telugu for his subjects. But not many know Pampa from 9th century is two centuries older than Nannaya. Nannaya wrote Aranya Parve upto the above verse. For the Mesopotamian goddess, see, Learn how and when to remove this template message, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nannayya&oldid=990460785, All Wikipedia articles written in Indian English, Articles needing additional references from July 2015, All articles needing additional references, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2014, Articles needing additional references from March 2018, Articles with Encyclopædia Britannica links, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Andhrula Saanghika Charitra, Pratapareddy Suravaram, Andhra Vagmaya Charitramu, Dr. Venkatavadhani Divakarla, Andhra Pradesh Darshini, Parts 1 and 2, Chief Editor Y. V. Krishnarao, This page was last edited on 24 November 2020, at 16:23. Nannaya wrote two and half parvas, thereafter Tikkana was to write from the fourth parva till the end and Errana accomplished the onerous task of translating the Aranya portion. of today. He almost created his own version of Andhra Mahabharatamu by modification, addition and deletion, while maintaining the story line. Joru maleyella nangeega yaako. After the death of Nannaya, there was a kind of social and religious revolution in the Telugu country. Nannaya Bhattaraka (Telugu: నన్నయ, sometimes spelled Nannayya) is the earliest known Telugu author, and the author of the first third of the Andhra Mahabharatamu, a Telugu retelling of the Mahabharata. 11th century AD) was a Telugu poet and the author of the first Andhra mahabharatam, a Telugu retelling of the Mahabharata. Rajaraja Narendra was a Shaivite. Get this from a library! Errana completed the part left out by Nannaya in the third, Aranya parva. He respected Brahmins, and went on patronizing Shaivism and Sanskrit language. The advanced and well-developed language used by Nannaya suggests that Nannaya Mahabharatamu may not be the beginning of Telugu literature. Dravidian languages - Dravidian languages - Literary languages: Of the four literary languages in the Dravidian family, Tamil is the oldest, with examples dating to the early Common Era. Later in 634 AD, Vishnuvardhana declared himself independent and established Eastern Chalukya Dynasty in Andhra Pradesh that lasted for five centuries. (Indicating the Dead Silence) Maretu hoyite nannaya haajari, Did you forget my presence, Baredu yedeyali novina shaayari Tikkana did not touch this part because it was considered to be inauspicious to translate this book, which was left half-finished by Nannaya. His works are now included in the curriculum of school and college levels. Nannaya Bhattaraka (sometimes spelled Nannayya or Nannaiah; ca. Pampa, who lived in Bodhan in the erstwhile Nizamabad, did a lot for Telugu and Kannada langua-ges. Karagide naalige, baravide maatige. Premendra Mitra was one of the most popular Bengali novelist, short story writer and poet. Nannaya died while working on the 3rd (aranya parvam) and it was rumored subsequently that it is inauspicious (leading to immediate death) to touch on that episode. The first Telugu grammar, Andhra shabda chintamani ("Treatise on the Language of the People"), was written in Sanskrit and is said… But ®Sr$ûn"athu]du, writing in the late fourteenth century from the same Rajahmundry, had a much narrower concept of Andhra. Kannada translations of Mahabharata were available by the Seventh and Eighth centuries. nannaya replied to nannaya's topic in Web Clipper Issues I sent an email to Evernotehelp and I got this reply; I am very sorry you are facing this issue, this is actually a known issue that the development team is aware of, and hopefully a fix will be released soon for that. Pulakesin II (609–642) of Chalukya Dynasty, the ruler of Vatapi (Badami of Karnataka) conquered Vengi (Andhra) and sent Kubja Vishnuvardhana, his brother, as viceroy for the Vengi region. Tikkana translated the final 15 chapters, but did not undertake translating the half-finished Aranya Parvamu. He scrutinized all the Telugu vocabulary that was in usage at that time, introduced Sanskrit vocabulary, and took characteristics of already well developed Kannada literature. This page is based on the copyrighted Wikipedia Nannaya Bhattaraka; it is used under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License . He was honoured with the title Prabandha … It is basically an anthology of variant poets covering themes of war, romance and laments of personal life. Nannaya is held in high regard as the person who revived the Telugu language. Purananuru- Sangam Literary Work of India. Nov 29, 2020 - Nitin Singhania: Summary of Indian Literature UPSC Notes | EduRev is made by best teachers of UPSC. But, he didn't stick to the original. 3. In the early 21st century, Tamil was spoken by more than 66 million people, mostly residing in India, northern Sri Lanka, Malaysia, Singapore, Mauritius, Fiji, and Myanmar (Burma). The Books by Rabindranath Tagore intermingle versatility and intelligence. He made several alterations to the original version and re-wrote his own version of Andhra Mahabharatamu by modification, addition and removal of certain elements. Nannaya is the first of Trinity of poets (Kavitrayam). Nannaya was one of the greatest Telugu poets of Andhra Pradesh in11th century AD and wrote the Mahabharatamu and the Andhra Shabda Chintamani. Patinenkilkkanakku is written in the Venpa meter. The Telugu people remained without this last translation for more than a century, until it was translated by Errana. This resulted in a very long lasting impact of Sanskrit on Telugu language and literature and the beginning of a new era in the history of Telugu literature. This work, which is rendered in the Champu style, is chaste and polished and of a high literary merit. The history dates back to the Satavahana era and the epics dates to Mahabharata. The Registrar of Adikavi Nannaya University, Prof A Narasimha Rao resigned from his post amidst reports of a rift with the Vice-Chancellor Prof M Muthyala Naidu. Upto two hundred, nodbody touched Maha Bharat. This period was known as period of translations, because during this period various Sanskrit texts and Puranaas were translated into Telugu by scholars. But he did … It was written in 196 poems, in … Errapragada Erranna was a Telugu poet in the court of King Prolaya Vema Reddy (1325–1353). It is a work of Tamil Literature which profoundly and accurately reflects life of the ancient South India around 2,000 years ago.
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