Several Tooele County youth wrestlers represented the community well recently at three large and prestigious tournaments. Wrestlers from the Tooele Youth Wrestling team and Stansbury's Peak wrestling club traveled to one or more of the following tournaments: The Beehive Brawl in Richfield Jan. 20-21, the Utah 1A-3A Junior High State Championships in Richfield Jan. 27-28 and the Utah Youth Super State Championships last weekend at the Salt Palace in Salt Lake City.
At the Super State tournament last week, Parker Hansen (Tooele Youth Wrestling) had two pins to make the finals where he won a major decision over Nathaniel Fordham (Red Storm) 15-5 to capture first place in the 1st-2nd grade 40-pound division.
Easton Baker (Peak) had a bye, followed by a pin and a decision to make it to the finals. Baker then pinned Hixon Canto (Champions Wrestling) to capture first place in the Preschool/ Kindergarten 50+ pound division.
Chandler Yeck (Tooele Youth Wrestling) pinned Tayden Roundy (Mt. Logan) in the 1st- 2nd grade 80+ pound division to capture a third-place finish. Koby Johnson (Peak) won two decisions before losing a tough 11-3 match to Shion Abe (Tech) to finish in sixth place.
At the Junior High State Tournament, Tooele's Braydon Mogle had two major decisions and a regular decision to make the finals. He pinned a tough Colby Harper (Duchesne) to capture his second-consecutive state title.
At the Beehive Brawl, young wrestlers come from Utah and surrounding states to compete in the two-day affair. Five members of the Tooele Youth team placed at the tournament. Bradon Allie (Tooele Youth Wrestling) had two wins, including a close 6- 3 decision over Steele Skinner (Pahrump Powerhouse) in the semis before dropping a match to Hayden Tallerico (Carbon) in the finals to finish in second place in the 8 & under 67 pound division. Braydon Mogle, who won the state title a week later, had a tech fall and a pin before dropping a close 5-1 decision to Steele Dias (Team GV). He then pinned Antonio Saldate (Team GV) to capture a third place in the 12 & under 64 lb class. Parker Hansen (Tooele Youth Wrestling) dropped a close 4- 0 opening match to eventual champion Jesse Christiansen (Emery All-Stars), but ran off three straight wins, including a pin over Sid Christiansen (Emery All-Stars) to capture a third place in the 8 & under 43 pound class.
In the 10-and-under 85 pound class, Tooele's Mac DeSimon grabbed two pins before losing in the semis to Colten Shumway (Canyon View). He battled back and pinned Dixon Bagley (Canyon View) to capture fifth place. Rylan Albrecht (Tooele Youth Wrestling) won three matches and battled Joshua Drew (Junior Longhorns), losing a close 4-0 decision to finish sixth place in the 6-and- under 46-pound division.


text:
Q: Infinite collectionview cells don't have unique index paths Hi guys and merry christmas so i'm currently using this library within my project to create an horizontal infinite scrolling collectionview.
Infinite Collectionview library
https://github.com/masoapps/infinite-uicollectionview
The problem that i'm having is that each cell in this collectionview doesn't have an unique indexpath. Meaning that i can't seem to access the correct cell and do something to the controls within it.
For example i'm trying to bold a label within the cell that has been pressed.
Function to bold the label
    func setNRestLbl(collectionView: UICollectionView, indexPath: NSIndexPath){

        collectionView.scrollToItemAtIndexPath(indexPath, atScrollPosition: .CenteredHorizontally, animated: true)

// Testing code to see the indexpaths which are visible
                print("Visible cells are - \(cell.newsTypeLbl.text) - NSIndexPath is \(indexPath.row)")
                for cell in collectionView.visibleCells() as! [newsTypeCell] {
                if self.cellKey == cell.newsTypeLbl.text! {

                    cell.newsTypeLbl.font = UIFont(name: "Helvetica-Bold", size: 14)
                }
                else{
                    cell.newsTypeLbl.font =  UIFont(name: "HelveticaNeue", size: 14)
                }

            }
        }
    }

The weird behaviour is that the collectionview is scrolling to the right item but applying the bold from the function above to the incorrect cell with the label inside it's applying it to the last cell rather than the cell which should be in the middle because all the indexpaths are the same i'm assuming it's just trying to guess which is the correct one.
I've also realised when debugging that there is two cells that is appearing rather than one could this be an issue as to why it is struggling to go to target the correct cell? Screenshot below.

A: Cells already have a selected property, make use of that. Also, don't use a button inside the cells, just use a label for Design, Development etc, and set the font in the overridden selected property.
So, in your collection view cell subclass:
override public var selected: Bool {
    didSet {
        methodThatUpdatesLabelFont()
    }
}

func methodThatUpdatesLabelFont() {
    if selected {
        self.label.font = ...
    } else {
        self.label.font = ...
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Q: SQL Query - Joining, Adding and Lowest Not quite sure how to attack this so I'm putting the question out there, i can do normal select statements and group but this seems a little out of my realm. Joining all the Same Product ID on the same date, adding the total times, selecting the lowest best time, adding all the cycle counts, waiting for operator and production times.
My select statement is as so:
sql = "SELECT Product_ID, Date_Time, ulTotBoardCycleTime, ulBestBoardCycleTime, ulBoardCycleCount, ulWaitingForOperator, ulProductionTime FROM [i_import_general_timers] WHERE DATE_TIME >= @startdata2 AND DATE_TIME < @enddata2 AND ulBoardCycleCount > 0 ORDER BY Product_ID DESC"

Thanks,
Pete

A: You need to use the proper aggregation functions with a group by.
SELECT Product_ID, Date_Time, sum(ulTotBoardCycleTime) as TotalTime, min(ulBestBoardCycleTime) as BestTime, sum(ulBoardCycleCount) as CycleCount, sum(ulWaitingForOperator) as WaitingFor, sum(ulProductionTime) as ProductionTime
    FROM [i_import_general_timers]
    WHERE DATE_TIME >= @startdata2 AND DATE_TIME < @enddata2 AND ulBoardCycleCount > 0
    GROUP by Product_ID, Date_Time
    ORDER BY Product_ID DESC


text:
Cloud Infrastructure Managed Services & Outsourcing
Report from Oracle's Innovation Forum
Don Sheppard
@DonSheppard
Published: November 14th, 2013
I attended the Oracle Innovation Forum in Toronto on Nov. 6, a full day seminar billed as an opportunity to "see innovation in practice." There were two keynotes and three parallel presenter tracks:
Track 1: Pathway to your cloud
Track 2: Transform the enterprise: Simplify. differentiate. Innovate
Track 3: The modern data center
The basic question (from the website) being posed was: Cloud. Mobile. Social. Big data. The Internet of Things. The latest buzzwords, or powerful global forces?
I attended the keynotes and Track 1.
In the keynote speech Eddie Shain, an Oracle group vice-president, spoke about "Innovation in Practice." He noted that IT is complex and can be a barrier to company growth, but in reality it should be an enabler of the business. The areas of current innovation are: social, mobile, big data, cloud (also called SMAC), and Internet of Things.
He discussed two approaches – entrepreneurial and pragmatic – and suggested that either one or both can be used by an enterprise. Three major challenges are integration, optimization and maintenance, with much of today's resources being consumed by maintenance. The Oracle strategy, Shain said, included an Integrated Technology Stack that is:
Engineered to work together
Best in class products
Cloud-oriented
Best in breed across multiple industries
The first presentation covered Oracle's cloud computing strategy. After describing the basic types and uses of clouds, the speaker described a roadmap for cloud evolution: traditional silos –> consolidation –> private cloud –> public cloud –> hybrid cloud. Three areas where Oracle products fit are:
a) Oracle Cloud Applications: fit for purpose applications that are scalable and standards-based
b) Oracle Cloud Platforms: database, SOA and BPM suites, data integration, IAM and WebCenter user engagement
c) Oracle Cloud Infrastructure: Solaris and Linux, Zones and VM, Sun Servers, storage and networking
d) Enterprise Manager
Other presentations introduced Oracle Database 12c, Oracle Engineered Systems (Exadata, Exalogic and SPARC SuperCluster) and Oracle Enterprise Manager 12c.
Of particular interest was the discussion of a new multi-tenant database architecture that is being introduced with the Oracle Database 12c release. The concept is to have a common multi-tenant container database (CDB) with "pluggable databases" for each tenant. This results in considerable savings both in resources and also in management and maintenance. Multi-tenant databases are also desirable for implementing cloud-based solutions. The combination of Weblogic 12c with Database 12c is intended for availability, multi-tenancy and scalability, all of which are cloud characteristics.
The Enterprise Manager 12c is also of interest from a cloud perspective as it provides a unified cloud framework. This product is said to provide "complete cloud lifecycle management" including cross-stack management. For example, there are 125+ plug-ins for non-Oracle targets (such as Amazon Web Services).
The steps needed to deliver cloud-based self-service IT are:
Plan and set-up a cloud
Build, test, and deploy applications in the cloud
Manage and monitor the cloud stack
Meter, charge and optimize the use of the cloud
Other presentations discussed Oracle Engineered Systems for Cloud Computing, Oracle Managed cloud services and Cloud Integration and Security.
Another presentation also offered an answer to "what's driving the cloud?'
Globalization – the Internet saturation is growing eight per cent a year
Data Explosion – a 4,300 per cent data generation increase by 2020
Rise of mobility – smartphone shipments will exceed 1B by 2016
Social is Business – for example, more than 13 million business pages on Facebook
Modernize to Survive – productivity costs more with older systems
It was also suggested that there will be many new "as a Service" offerings, including such things as:
Java as a Service
Development as a Service
Mobile as a Service
Database as a Service
Documents as a Service
Oracle now has 13 data centers providing products "as a Service" with more than 9 million users and 19 billion transactions a day.
The last presentation I attended was about cloud security and compliance, which is always an major consideration for enterprise systems. A number of statistics about the cost of security were presented – for example, 14 per cent of the IT budget is spent on security, and the average cost of security per employee is $400 to $500. Security involves a combination of managing the risks, preventing the threats and then unlocking the opportunities resulting from a more secure environment. Oracle provides security at each layer of the stack, between each of the layers, and between systems.
According to Oracle's research, the top five security concerns are:
access control and identity management
data access from mobile devices
ongoing compliance concerns
co-mingling of customer data
security standards and certifications
So, what did I take away from the seminar?
Oracle is clearly moving strongly to embrace cloud, both by becoming a cloud service provider and also by updating multiple products for use in cloud solutions.
Oracle has current products across all levels of the cloud stack.
A new period of competition, collaboration and coopetition is emerging among producers and suppliers as everyone tries to carve a niche in the cloud ecosystem.
It is not clear that a single gorilla will emerge for cloud computing (as there once was for chips, desktop operating systems and network switches) and, in fact, cloud computing crosses a variety of market segments.
There is a danger that a new set of "cloud silos" will exist with different providers specializing in particular services, thereby requiring an ability to build solutions that span multiple clouds (e.g., a solution using a combination of a user/web portal cloud, a compute cloud, a database cloud and a security cloud).
Cloud computing is not yet a mature technology and, while there is enormous potential, there is a "trough of disillusionment" that has yet to emerge in any significant way.
Cloud, Infrastructure, Managed Services & Outsourcing cloud computing, database, Oracle, Technology, vendors
What is enterprise architecture?
IT World Canada wins three digital publishing awards
About Don Sheppard
I'm a IT management consultant. I began my career in railways and banks after which I took up the consulting challenge! I try to keep in touch with a lot of different I&IT topics but I'm usually working in areas that involve service management and procurement. I'm into developing ISO standards, current in the area of cloud computing (ISO JTC1/SC38). I'm also starting to get more interested in networking history, so I guess I'm starting to look backwards as well as forwards! My homepage is http://www.concon.com but I am found more here.
Follow Follow @DonSheppard on Twitter Don Sheppard on Gooogle+ Website
ERP software runs the gamut of customer happiness
Oracle Cloud Purchase Programs – the good, the bad, and the ugly
Canadian cloud leaders may be among the least secure, report suggests
Tips for migrating to the cloud successfully

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


This week at Restore Pastor Marc taught from Matthew 14:22-33 and challenged us to take our Next Step. Here are a few takeaways from this week.
WHEN SHOULD I START MY NEXT STEP?
Anytime life calls us to step up in any aspect of life our first inclination is to wait till things are just right. But we don't live in a perfect world. More likely than not things will never be "just right" for us to make our next step. In Matthew 14 Jesus made his disciples leave by boat before he spent some time alone to pray. Directly after this we read that his disciples were being tossed by the waves. They were terrified that they wouldn't make it out alive, but during this storm that they were passing through Jesus appeared. WALKING. ON. WATER. But during all of this Peter asked, "Lord, if it is you, command me to come to you on the water." Jesus replied, "Come."
We can't wait for things to be perfect. Jesus knew that this storm would come and he still commanded his disciples to go ahead of him. They thought that they were alone and doomed, but Jesus knew all along that he would come to lead them out of disaster.
When Peter trusted Jesus, he walked to him. ON. THE. WATER. But as soon as Peter began to doubt in fear he started sinking. He cried out, "Lord, save me." Jesus immediately reached out and took his hand. Failure is a real thing. It happens, but we can't be afraid of failure just because it may happen. There are times that Christ calls us out to do miraculous things that we can't begin to comprehend and all we have to do is trust in Christ.
Jesus told Peter to come to him on the water and Peter walked to him. What is he calling you to do?
HOW LONG HAVE YOU BEEN ON THE STEP YOU're ON?
Here's a video of Pastor Marc on how we make our next steps.
Newer PostWhat does it look like to Step Up in faith?


text:
Ernesto Celestino Bessone (Buenos Aires, Argentina; 19 de enero de 1923-Ib; 7 de septiembre de 2010) fue un piloto y dirigente argentino de automovilismo. Recordado por ser campeón de Turismo Nacional en 1985 con un Alfa Romeo, era el padre del piloto Ernesto Bessone II (1958-), múltiple campeón de automovilismo argentino. Desarrolló su carrera casi exclusivamente en el Turismo Nacional, compartiendo también su actividad con el Club Argentino de Pilotos. Su título de campeón en el Turismo Nacional lo obtuvo a la edad de 62 años, siendo un verdadero hito en la historia del automovilismo. Su retiro de las pistas tuvo lugar en el año 1989, dando paso a la actividad dirigencial. Falleció en su ciudad natal, Buenos Aires, el 7 de septiembre de 2010, recibiendo el reconocimiento por parte de la dirigencia del TN, la categoría que tantos años lo viera competir. Actualmente, su hijo y sus nietos siguen sus pasos en el automovilismo nacional e internacional.

Trayectoria
 1974-81: Turismo Nacional (Fiat 125)
 1982-84: Turismo Nacional (Datsun 280 ZX)
 1985: Campeón Turismo Nacional Clase 2 con Alfa Romeo Giulia
 1986-88: Turismo Nacional (Renault 18 y Ford Sierra)
 1989: Club Argentino de Pilotos

Palmarés

Enlaces externos
 El adiós a un gran campeón
 Corsa
 El adiós a Ernesto Bessone padre

Pilotos de Turismo Nacional
Pilotos de automovilismo de Argentina
Pilotos de Turismo Competición 2000

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
In Glogpedia
by Koszut
Arts & Music Subject:
The eighth child of the Jackson family, he debuted on the professional music scene along with his brothers as a member of The Jackson 5 in 1964, and began his solo career in 1971. In the early 1980s, Jackson became a dominant figure in popular music. The music videos for his songs, including those of "Beat It", "Billie Jean", and "Thriller", were credited with breaking down racial barriers and with transforming the medium into an art form and promotional tool. The popularity of these videos helped to bring the then-relatively-new television channel MTV to fame. With videos such as "Black or White" and "Scream", he continued to innovate the medium throughout the 1990s, as well as forging a reputation as a touring solo artist.
1958 - M. Jackson is born1968 - signs The Jackson 51972 - Jackson goes solo2009 - death
Michael Jackson received varied important awards:- 26 American Music Awards- 86 Billboard Awards- 17 BRIT Awards- 13 Grammy Awards- 31 Guinness World Records- 75 MTV Awards- 22 Soul Train Awards- 36 NAACP Image Awards- 100 RIAA Awards- 22 American Video Awards- 38 World Music Awards
Lasting Impact
His distinctive sound and style has influenced numerous hip hop, post-disco, contemporary R&B, pop, and rock artists.
"If you enter this world knowing you are loved and you leave this world knowing the same, then everything that happens in between can be dealt with." ~Michael Jackson
One of his hits
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text:
The 11th Parachute Battalion was an airborne infantry battalion of the Parachute Regiment, raised by the British Army in World War II.

The battalion was formed in the Middle East and was assigned to the 4th Parachute Brigade, 1st Airborne Division. As it was still training it was left behind when the rest of the brigade took part in the invasion of Italy. One company later parachuted onto the island of Kos taking prisoner the large Italian garrison. The battalion rejoined the rest of the 1st Airborne Division, then in England. The only battle in which the battalion participated was the Battle of Arnhem, part of  Operation Market Garden, in September 1944. The battalion sustained very heavy casualties and was disbanded following the battle and the men were used as replacements elsewhere.

After the Second World War a reserve 11th Battalion was formed by the Territorial Army (TA) in 1947, but it was disbanded nine years later.

Formation
Impressed by the success of German airborne operations, during the Battle of France, the British Prime Minister, Winston Churchill, directed the War Office to investigate the possibility of creating a corps of 5,000 parachute troops. On 22 June 1940, No. 2 Commando was turned over to parachute duties and on 21 November, re-designated the 11th Special Air Service Battalion, with a parachute and glider wing, and later became the 1st Parachute Battalion. It was these men who took part in the first British airborne operation, Operation Colossus, on 10 February 1941. The success of the raid prompted the War Office to expand the existing airborne force, setting up the Airborne Forces Depot and Battle School in Derbyshire in April 1942, and creating the Parachute Regiment as well as converting a number of infantry battalions into airborne battalions in August 1942.

The 11th Parachute Battalion was raised in Kibrit Egypt in March 1943. Assigned to the 4th Parachute Brigade, 1st Airborne Division the battalion was still in training when the rest of the brigade left to join the division for the Allied invasion of Italy.

In 1942 a parachute battalion had an establishment of 556 men in three companies (three platoons each) supported by a  mortar and a Vickers machine gun platoon. By 1944 a support company to command the battalions heavy weapons was added. It comprised three platoons: Mortar Platoon with eight  mortars, Machine Gun Platoon with four Vickers machine guns and an Anti-tank Platoon with ten PIAT anti-tank projectors.

The only combat seen by the battalion in the Mediterranean, was in September 1943. 'A' Company and the mortar and machine gun platoons parachuted onto the island of Kos in the Dodecanese and captured the airfield. The Italian garrison numbered around 4,000 men did not put up any resistance. The company was withdrawn soon after and rejoined the battalion. In December 1943 the battalion rejoined the 4th Parachute Brigade who by this time were in England.

Arnhem

When the battalion landed outside Arnhem on 18 September they were detached from the brigade and sent to reinforce the 1st Parachute Battalion and the glider-borne infantry of 2nd South Staffords, trying to fight through to the 2nd Parachute Battalion which had captured the northern end of the Arnhem road bridge. The two battalions were located in the town about  short of the bridge. They were just about to start another attempt to break through to the 2nd Parachute Battalion. With no appreciation of the ground the 11th Battalion was held in reserve playing no part in the attack. Under heavy fire the attempt stalled and to relieve the pressure on the assaulting troops, the 11th Battalion was asked to carry out a left flanking attack on the German positions. Orders were being issued for the assault, when the divisional commander Major-General Roy Urquhart personally intervened, forbidding the battalion to take part in what he now considered a futile attack. The 2nd South Staffords had been decimated with only their 'C' Company surviving as a unit. The 1st Parachute Battalion were in an even worse state and only numbered about 40 men.

The battalion was gradually worn down withdrawing through the city and casualties mounted. A move to gain some high ground to the north was discovered and the battalion was caught in the open and decimated, with only around 150 men left. One of the casualties being the commanding officer Lieutenant Colonel George Lea. The second in command Major Richard Lonsdale now took command of the battalion and the remnants of the 1st, 3rd Parachute and 2nd South Staffords battalions. Forming them into an ad hoc force which became known as Lonsdale Force. They were withdrawn to Oosterbeek where the division was forming a defensive perimeter, digging in on the south eastern side with their right flank on the river. Lonsdale addressed the men before the Germans arrived;

The defenders were involved in a number of desperate actions, and hand-to-hand fighting keeping the Germans out of the divisions perimeter. One of the men Lance-Sergeant John Baskeyfield of the South Staffords anti-tank platoon, was awarded a posthumous Victoria Cross. By 21 September pressure from the German attacks had squeezed the perimeter to less than  across.

On 22 September the bulk of the 1st Polish Parachute Brigade were dropped south of the river. This drew off some of the Germans from around the divisional perimeter to confront the new threat. The defenders now had to cope with over 100 German artillery guns firing onto their positions.

On 24 September the decision was made by Lieutenant-General Horrocks commander XXX Corps to withdraw what was left of the division south of the Rhine. On the morning of 25 September units of the 9th SS Panzer Division attacked the battalion in force, attempting to cut the division off from the river. The initial attack was stopped by bayonets and hand grenades. Following attacks were driven off by direct fire from the guns of the 1st Airlanding Light Regiment, Royal Artillery and the 64th Medium regiment, XXX Corps dropping their shells on the battalions positions. The remnants of the battalion were evacuated with help from the 43rd (Wessex) Reconnaissance Regiment on the night of 25/26 September. The casualties sustained by the battalion were never replaced and it was disbanded after the battle of Arnhem and the men sent to the 1st Parachute Brigade.

Territorial Army
When the Territorial Army was reformed following the war in 1947, a new 11th Battalion was raised. It was formed by the conversion of the 8th Battalion, Middlesex Regiment, and had Euston Baker as its honorary colonel. It was part of the reserve 16th Airborne Division. Following defence cuts if reverted to being the 8th Battalion, Middlesex Regiment in August 1956.

Notes

References

British Parachute Regiment Battalions
11


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We invite submissions of papers on the theory of evolutionary computation for publication in a special issue of Theoretical Computer Science, Track C -Theory of Natural Computing.
Per Kristian Lehre, University of Birmingham, U.K.
Aneta Neumann, The University of Adelaide, Australia
Chao Qian, Nanjing University, China
Evolutionary computation methods such as evolutionary algorithms and swarm intelligence algorithms have been successfully applied to a wide range of real-world optimization problems. Conventional optimization algorithms often require objective functions to be differentiable, continuous, or convex. However, these assumptions are often not met in real-world optimization. In contrast, evolutionary computation methods only assume (zeroth order) black-box access to the objective values of solutions.
Mimicking natural phenomena, evolutionary computation methods are often highly randomized and complex, making a theoretical analysis challenging. During the past two decades, there have been significant theoretical efforts. This research has brought general theoretical analysis tools such as fitness levels and drift analysis. These results provide useful insights into the working principles of evolutionary computation methods which have helped practitioners design more powerful algorithms. As evolutionary computation methods are applied to more complex real-world optimization problems, there is a need to further understand these methods theoretically. Thus, this special issue aims to advance the theoretical understanding of evolutionary computation methods.
This special issue solicits original, high-quality contributions on the theory of evolutionary computation. The scope includes, but is not limited to:
General analytical methods like fitness levels and drift analysis
Exact and approximation runtime analysis
Black-box complexity
Population diversity and dynamics
Variation and selection operators
Self-adaptation
Fitness landscape and problem difficulty analysis
All classes of evolutionary computation methods will be considered including (but not limited to): evolutionary algorithms, ant colony optimization, artificial immune systems, particle swarm optimization, estimation of distribution algorithms and differential evolution. All problem domains will be considered, including (but not limited to): discrete and continuous optimization, single-objective and multi-objective optimization, constrained optimization, and optimization under uncertainty (e.g., noisy, dynamic and robust optimization).
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BTS and Nicki Minaj's fandoms collectively lost their minds Wednesday morning when it was accidentally discovered a collaboration might be dropping this week.
Here's what went down: BTS dropped a short teaser clip for "Idol," a soon-to-be-released track off the K-pop group's 25-song album, "Love Yourself: Answer." The highly-anticipated album drops Friday – which is two days longer than BTS' fan Army was willing to wait so they dug up some answers on their own.
Shortly after the teaser dropped, a fan ran the "Idol" clip through Shazam and made a shocking discovery: Nicki Minaj is supposedly featured on the track.
Several others followed suit and got the same results. However, it didn't take long for things to get confusing as Shazam's results soon began to only list BTS as the artist, not Nicki. Then, the song yielded no results at all.
The possible collaboration isn't totally out of left field, BTS and Minaj first got fans talking when the artists showed each other some Twitter love last week when BTS tweeted about loving her latest album, Queen. Plus, Nicki isn't doing anything to downplay rumors, liking several collaboration-related tweets from fans.
While neither artist has publicly commented on the possible slip-up, their fandoms are losing it.


Double Hammock made with a triple stitch to insure a long lasting life with your hammock.
10ft tree straps come with it so you don't have the struggle of looking for a way to set up. Its a two step process and anyone can figure it out. The classic bag is attached and comes with a draw string to close it up when you're done.
The double hammock supports up to 400 pounds so the only thing you need to worry about is the tree it is attached to. Try it out!


Paddy Power is the biggest bookmaker in Ireland and one of the biggest in the UK with a massive network of shops and a very popular betting site. Paddy Power has now merged with Betfair, and has one of the biggest marketing budgets at their disposal: surely you will not have missed them especially as they like to have a controversy angle in whatever they do.
Signing up to Paddy Power is excellent as they have a top sign up offer and also regular money back promotions, free bets clubs and lots more. They are also solid when it comes to special and novelty bets: this is in line with their brand strategy that doesn't take itself too seriously.
With Paddy Power, you can bet online, on the phone or in store using the same account. In play betting and streaming are fully available, and you can deposit and withdraw with many different payments options.
Surely they have decent odds and one of the best betting site around, but Paddy Power stands out for their regular generous offers.
Known for Great Quantity Of Offers – they offer a promotion for nearly every event.
Great Live Betting & Streaming – a great number of markets and Cash Out available.
Fun & Lively Betting site – keeps you entertained and shows the fun side of gambling.
Paddy Power is the biggest Irish bookmaker out there that, since merging with Betfair, has become the second largest betting company in the UK. Paddy Power was established in 1988 after a merger that involved around 40 betting shops that were owned by three separate bookmakers, one of which was David Power (that is the name Power is coming from while Paddy is a reference to Ireland).
Paddy Power has always been a very aggressive betting company right from the start and has made his name after offering controversial novelty bets and regular betting promotions.
By the 2001 Paddy Power owned the 33% of the Irish market and in 2000 it was listed on the UK stock market to get funds for a UK move. By 2010 Paddy Power had 209 shops in Ireland and 148 in Britain with a total of 4,500 employees.
Paddy Power launched his betting site in 2000 and since then has always had very aggressive marketing to attract more customers. Paddy Power is a betting site that you either love or hate with their controversial style and humour: it can be entertaining but can also annoy you if you are looking just to place a quiet bet without any nonsense.
Paddy Power is also famous for having provided odds on bizarre markets that others betting site will never touch. For example, they offered a price on the next species to go extinct after the BP oil spill incident.
Even if Paddy Power has now merged with Betfair, the headquarter has remained in Dublin, but it is also licensed with Betfair in Malta. We do believe that the two brands will be kept separate shortly so you can have accounts with both of them and take advantage of both brands offers.
Paddy Power betting site is in English, and you have the choice to bet either in British Pounds or Euros. Paddy Power is also paying tax in the UK for their UK business which is good. The company has revenues of more £1.5bn every year with 8,000 employees and has more than 600 shops in Ireland and UK.
Paddy Power betting site is very quick to load as their home-page is not overcrowded. The navigation is also good with quick links and even a useful A-Z sports menu on the left side. Despite the green that is rather strong, the site is very functional and works very well.
Using the in play and live streaming section is also simple as odds are very visible and do update fast. The mobile has had a refresh recently, and it has all the functionality of the main site. Offers are very prominent on Paddy Power, so you are unlikely to miss anything.
It is clear that Paddy Power is focusing on football and horse racing, but they do also gather for minor sports. At the moment there are more than 40 different markets available with a vast number of betting lines.
In addition to sport, Paddy Power also offers several bets on other special markets like politics, novelty, TV shows and lots more. If you like to bet on financial betting, you will also be allowed to do it with Paddy Power. Generally, if you like to bet on specials, then Paddy Power will be a great bookmaker for you.
With this betting site, there is a massive range of betting lines available around top events: on a top UK football match, for example, there are more than 175 different lines to bet on. With Paddy Power, you can also bet in play and also watch in live streaming on most sports. It is a bit tricky to find a live market quickly with Paddy Power: for example, if you click on the football betting option in the menu you will get more than 50 submenus, and it could take sometime before you find the market of interest.
You might think that a brand of the size of Paddy Power would be able to offer very competitive odds, and in fact, this is a bit of a disappointment from them. When we compare odds, we can see that Paddy Power is rarely leading although in fairness they do have decent odds when it comes to horse racing, football and some others popular the UK and Irish sports. If you are looking to place a large bet and want to do so with the best raw odds, then Paddy Power might not be the best solution for you.
On the positive side, tough Paddy Power is frequently running enhanced odds offers. This means that even if the raw odds are not always the best, overall you can get a great package by taking advantage of the odds boosts. Paddy Power is also running a massive amount of daily promotions like money back offers so if you bet nearly every day make a habit to check what this betting site has to offer. Make sure though that you check the terms and conditions carefully especially around big events as Paddy Power is known to have some convoluted terms.
With Paddy Power, you can have odds both in fraction and decimal, and they are easy to set. Paddy Power will also offer odds for betting events that are not listed so if in doubts just drop them an email or reach out via social media to request a bet. Paddy Power is known to have a great sense of humour and lots of time you will find special odds for markets that are not available elsewhere.
This betting site does usually accept big bets on long odds so if you are thinking that an outsider will cause a surprise, you should probably back it with Paddy Power.
The minimum and the maximum bets are defined by the odds of the selection you have picked however usually the minimum is at £0.10 with Paddy Power.
The maximum bet is usually defined by the payout, but you won't be able to see that in the bet slip but if you go over you will get an error message. If you want to know what is the maximum bet for a specific line you should contact Paddy power support. You can also bet via phone with the minimum bet that is £5.
Paddy Power is a big betting company, and they usually do accept large bets and offer high maximum payouts. For example, in most football leagues you will get a maximum payout of £1 million and the same on horse racing in the UK and Ireland. All maximum payouts will be available in the terms and conditions.
Paddy Power has a very functional live betting interface even if it is not very aesthetically pleasing with a bit too much of green. Even if there are some statistics, generally this is a rather poor service compared with other betting sites. You have some options to customise the multi-view panel, but in truth, if you do lots of in play betting, you are likely to get a bit annoyed with this bookmaker.
On the positive side, you are likely to find lots of live in play betting offers with Paddy Power to push you to use their service. After all, there are lots of in play markets at any time of the day or night and coupled with an excellent live streaming service the package is not too bad especially if you are getting value on top of that with the offers.
Paddy Power has a very good live streaming service that is integrated with live betting: there are so many events available that if you are into watching live sports, you will not get bored. The integration with the live betting is excellent, and you can choose precisely at what point you want to go in with your wager.
Live horse racing can also be watched and similarly to other betting sites you will be required to stake at least £1 on the race of interest. Others sports are entirely free and can be watched as long as you have funds in your account. Another advantage of using Paddy Power for live betting is that you will also get access to commentaries on lots of sports and events: this is particularly handy when the live streaming is not available.
Paddy Power has a fantastic range of mobile betting apps. All the apps are available on Android and Apple and are very highly rated with 4/5 stars. In recent times Paddy Power main sports app has been significantly upgraded, and you can now see all the latest odds, manage your betting account, check your betting history, bet in play, watch live streaming and a lot more. We have found instances where the app has some broken links and complicated coupons but it is getting a lot better, and overall it is relatively slick and load fast. Generally, you will like Paddy Power app especially if you are a fan of the green colour.
Paddy Power is providing punters with Cash Out and partial cash out functionality. This is a great addition to live betting, and it allows you to settle your bet for a fixed amount at any time without having to wait for the event to run to completion. Let's say you have bet on Ireland to win the 6 Nations and they are at the top of the league, but you think they will lose the last match and drop down. In this case, you can cash out at a lower value than your potential winnings and secure a profit whatever it happens.
Paddy Power is not close to their rivals concerning the quality of the functionality, but they are expanding it to more and more markets. Paddy Power is claiming to offer the Cash Out on golf each-way bets so if you are interested in having a go, try with them.
One of the most significant advantages of betting with Paddy Power is that you can also use their land-based shops in addition to their website. By linking your online account to a Paddy power Cash Card account, you will be collecting points everytime you bet on the store.
The PPlus Card is a MasterCard so you will be able to spend any potential winnings with any merchant that does accept MasterCard. This is also a pre-paid card so you will be able to withdraw cash from your Paddy Power account in cash.
If you like, Paddy Power also provides you a basic card for deposits and withdrawals in the store without the MasterCard functionality.
Paddy Power is without doubts one of the best bookmakers for interacting with customers via social media. Through their twitter you can get lots of banter, betting offers, news and so on. Again not everyone likes their banter, so Paddy Power is either loved or hated on social media.
Paddy Power is a controversial bookmaker that has a quirky humour, but that does also provide generous money back, and enhanced odds offers promotions to their customers. On Paddy Power, you can bet on almost everything especially if it is a controversial market. Even though there are bookmakers with bigger shop presence in the UK, they still have shops in most places and can offer a great integrated online-offline package to their customers.
If you bet every day or if you do regular accumulators then you won't find anyone else better then Paddy Power to keep you happy with offers.
Paddy Power has a huge amount of payment options, and you should be able to find the payment method that best suits you without problems. If you want to know more about every single payment option simply visit our payment options section.
How To Place A Bet With Paddy Power?
Placing a bet with Paddy Power is extremely simple. All you need to know is open a new account and deposit funds by using any of your preferred payment methods. After that just go to the selection of your choice and create a betslip online or using the mobile app. Once you are ready, just click on bet and you are set to go. You can also use your online account to bet via phone. You can also use the SMS service in the same way as you would with a betslip.
Paddy Power also has lots of betting shops around so you can easily deposit and withdraw with cash. Alternatively, if you are keen to use cash, you can use alternative services like PaySafeCard or similar.
If you apply for Paddy Power cash card or if you just go with your username or account number in any shop, you can fund your main online account with cash. You are also allowed to withdraw but only if you have cash card. The deposit limit every day is £5,000 while the withdrawal is £500.
Since Paddy Power is the UK and Irish betting company you can only deposit in Euros or Pounds. Minimum and maximum deposits amounts do vary depending on the method of your choice, but usually, for debit/credit cards payments, it is £5. The maximum is not stated.
You can generally withdraw by using the same funding methods of your deposit. You will not be charged for withdrawals although it is always best to check as some banks transfers might have some external fees: if this is the case, you will see this displayed in the withdrawal page.
Paddy Power do process transactions immediately as soon as you have made the withdraw but for bank transfers, you should expect to wait between 2 and 5 days. If you use PayPal, Neteller, Skrill and others e-Wallets you will be able to receive the funds in just a few hours or even instantly in some cases.
The minimum and maximum withdrawals do change depending on the method you pick, but generally, the minimum is £10. The maximums are not stated so worth having a chat with the customer service if you have any doubts.
It is also possible to withdraw in the shop by using a Paddy Power cash card. Similarly to other betting sites, you can transfer your funds easily between different products like Casino, Bingo, Games, etc.
Paddy Power has invested to ensure their customers have an outstanding experience. You can contact Paddy Power customer service 24/7 by phone, chat, social media and email. Their response time is fast, and agents are well prepared and capable of dealing with any queries you might have. Since Paddy Power have lots of promotions, they have made sure that they are well staffed to deal with any questions from customers.
Paddy Power has a UK license, and as such it has to comply with UK Gambling Commission regulations fully. As you would expect Paddy Power is taking this very seriously and are offering a lot of tools to help people manage their betting activity responsibly.
Paddy Power has a UK gambling license which is valid for UK customers (Number 39426) and is a very safe and trustable bookmaker.


While You're Falling Head Over Heels Or Doing The Deed?
Order to get out of his cell phone contract without paying a fee. It didn't work.
In 2007, an American man named Corey Taylor tried to fake his own death in, Order to get out of his cell phone contract without paying a fee. It didn't work.
For every human on Earth there are 1.6 million ants.
And were made from animal and fish intestines.
The oldest condoms ever found date back to the 1640s, They were found in a cesspit at Dudley Castle, And were made from animal and fish intestines.
The longest time between two twins being born is 87 days.
If the sun were the size of a white blood cell then the Milky Way Galaxy would be the size of the United States.
Oxford University is older than the Aztec Empire.
If you eat a polar bear liver, you will die. Humans can't handle that much vitamin A.
he top of the Eiffel Tower leans away from the sun, as the metal facing the sun heats up and expands.
It can move as much as 7 inches.
Female kangaroos have three vaginas.he top of the Eiffel Tower leans away from the sun, as the metal facing the sun heats up and expands. It can move as much as 7 inches.
Heart attacks are more likely to happen on a Monday.
Kya aap delivery ke time.
bachche ke pita ko apne paas dekhna chahogi?Female: Nahi unhe mere pati pasand nahi karte.
Doctor to Female:Kya aap delivery ke time.bachche ke pita ko apne paas dekhna chahogi?Female: Nahi unhe mere pati pasand nahi karte.
Boy: Mummy uska naam Jasmine kyoo hai?
Boy: To phir mera naam aisa kyo?
Muskurana seekh le wajah ki talaash na kar.
Choo le aasmaan zameen ki talaash na kar,Jee le zindagi khushi ki talaash na kar,Takdeer badal jaayegi khud hi mere dost,Muskurana seekh le wajah ki talaash na kar.
Happy is used three times more often in English than sad.
There was no word for the color orange in English until about 450 years ago.
The present population of 5 billion plus people of the world is predicted to become 15 billion by 2080.
It was five in the evening, the bank is almost closed. All of a sudden, the BM received a phone call from a lady.
In a sweet voice she said: Sir, I urgently need Rs.50,000.
Her voice was so captivating that the BM could not say no. He instructed his cashier to keep the cash ready and with reluctance he obeyed his boss.
After a while, a dark complexioned lady with ugliest of face came to the bank and presented the cheque. The BM was taken aback, as he was expecting a cute lady. He immediately told the lady that they had already closed the cash for the day and she should come next day.
The cashier was so furious and he asked the BM if his intention was to not to pay why he was made to sit late.
BM: It's the Universal rule of the bankings that........If words and figure differ, payment will be declined.
It was five in the evening, the bank is almost closed. All of a sudden, the BM received a phone call from a lady.In a sweet voice she said: Sir, I urgently need Rs.50,000.Her voice was so captivating that the BM could not say no. He instructed his cashier to keep the cash ready and with reluctance he obeyed his boss.After a while, a dark complexioned lady with ugliest of face came to the bank and presented the cheque. The BM was taken aback, as he was expecting a cute lady. He immediately told the lady that they had already closed the cash for the day and she should come next day.The cashier was so furious and he asked the BM if his intention was to not to pay why he was made to sit late.BM: It's the Universal rule of the bankings that........If words and figure differ, payment will be declined.
Usually a student is blamed if she/he fails to secure pass marks. But we, students, sometimes think that it is not the fault of a student if one fails because a year has only 365 days. Sunday - 52 Sundays in a year (they are meant for rest and watching TV) the remaining days are 313. Summer Holidays - 60 days (weather is so hot and it`s difficult to study). Eight hours of daily sleep, which means 122 days in a year what is left is 131 days. An hour, daily for conversation (man is a social being) which means 15 days. The rest are 116. Two hours every day for food and other delicacies, which means 30 days, leaving only 86. One hour for playing and other work everyday that means 15 days. The balance ? Well 71. Examination days, per year, at least 21 days . The leftover are 50. Winter vacation, festivals, parties, picnics and other holidays - 40 days What remains are 10 days. For sickness, at least 6 days. The rest 4 days - movies at least three days. The remainder is one day. Only one day left for annual days. So will our teachers kindly tell us when to study so as to fare well in exams?
Scotch is a brilliant Invention.
Scotch is a brilliant Invention. One double and you start feeling single again.
Who is a Psychiatrist?Is a qualified person who gives you an expensive and critical analysis about yourself, to which your spouse also gives it to you for free & daily too!
1: Notice at Church Do not leave your mobile, purses, wallets, hand-bags, girlfriends unattended; others may think it is an answer to their prayers.
Lexophile: (Lovers of Words) is a word used to describe those that have a love for words, such as "you can tune a piano, but you can't tuna fish", or "to write with a broken pencil is pointless."
A competition to see who can come up with the best lexphillies is held every year in an undisclosed location. This year's winning submission is posted at the very end.
... Police were called to a day care Center where a three-year-old was resisting a rest.
... Did you hear about the fellow whose whole left side was cut off? He's all right now.
... A bicycle can't stand alone; it is two tired.
... Those who get too big for their pants will be exposed in the end.
Lexophile: (Lovers of Words) is a word used to describe those that have a love for words, such as "you can tune a piano, but you can't tuna fish", or "to write with a broken pencil is pointless."A competition to see who can come up with the best lexphillies is held every year in an undisclosed location. This year's winning submission is posted at the very end.... When fish are in schools, they sometimes take debate.... A thief who stole a calendar got twelve months.... When the smog lifts in Los Angeles U.C.L.A.... The batteries were given out free of charge.... A dentist and a manicurist married. They fought tooth and nail.... A will is a dead giveaway.... With her marriage, she got a new name and a dress.... A boiled egg is hard to beat.... When you've seen one shopping Center you've seen a mall.... Police were called to a day care Center where a three-year-old was resisting a rest.... Did you hear about the fellow whose whole left side was cut off? He's all right now.... A bicycle can't stand alone; it is two tired.... When a clock is hungry it goes back four seconds.... The guy who fell onto an upholstery machine is now fully recovered.... He had a photographic memory which was never developed.... When she saw her first strands of grey hair she thought she'd dye.... Acupuncture is a jab well done. That's the point of it.... Those who get too big for their pants will be exposed in the end.
A Nigerian woman was caught entering the UK with 104 kg of snails in her baggage.
Male bats have the highest rate of homosexuality of any mammal.
A cockroach can live several weeks with its head cut off.
Adolf Hitler was a vegetarian, and had only ONE testicle.


text:
Adult-Literacy Test Introduced to Developing Nations
By Mary Ann Zehr — October 03, 2006 6 min read
The recent White House Conference on Global Literacy hosted here by first lady Laura Bush coincided with the rollout of a new international assessment that holds the promise of providing a much more accurate picture of adult illiteracy in developing countries than ever before.
It is designed to help countries understand better the weaknesses in their primary and secondary school systems and nonformal education programs in order to reduce high illiteracy rates among all.
At the Sept. 18 conference at the New York Public Library, Mrs. Bush announced a donation of $1 million by the U.S. government to the Literacy Assessment and Monitoring Program, or LAMP, of the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization. ("President, First Lady Back Global Literacy to Fight 'Hopelessness,'" Sept. 27, 2006.)
The United States is the first country to pledge money toward implementing the assessment that LAMP just finished crafting with $3.5 million of UNESCO funds, according to T. Scott Murray, the director of the Learning Outcomes Program of the UNESCO Institute for Statistics, based in Montreal. He is hoping the White House support for literacy will attract other donors and boost the list of countries participating in the study, also called LAMP.
"The first thing you do to solve any problem is to understand it better," said Mr. Murray, "This gives countries a tool to do that."
The support for literacy by the first lady and President Bush, who both gave speeches at the conference, comes at a critical time, Mr. Murray said. "Countries are starting to wake up to the fact that the [LAMP] study exists," he said, "but like any sort of advertisement, this is a very powerful endorsement, and it should help us secure higher levels of participation than we otherwise would have."
The U.S. Department of State will distribute the $1 million donation. Last year, the U.S. Agency for International Development committed $250,000 to help Egypt administer the LAMP test.
Mr. Murray said UNESCO is now seeking donors to pay for all or part of the implementation of the assessment in 53 developing countries while at the same time trying to recruit those countries to take part. He estimates it will cost $250,000 to $500,000 for each country to carry out the test, depending on the sample size. El Salvador, Kenya, Mongolia, Morocco, Niger, and the Palestinian Autonomous Territories are participating in a pilot. Thirteen other developing countries, including Egypt, India, Jordan, Namibia, and Vietnam, have sent letters to UNESCO saying they intend to take part, he added.
Fine-Tuned Assessment
Experts in adult literacy say the new assessment holds the promise of telling much more about the level and nature of people's literacy skills in developing countries than has been possible previously. The LAMP is an adaptation of an adult-literacy assessment that has been conducted only in industrialized countries.
World Standing
Three-quarters of the world's illiterate adults live in a dozen countries; a third live in India.
* Data were collected between 2000 and 2004
SOURCE: UNESCO
UNESCO's "Education for All Global Monitoring Report 2006" notes that 771 million adults in the world can't read, and that 76 percent of them live in only 12 countries. Two-thirds of illiterate adults are women.
Up until now, most developing countries have counted anyone who goes to school as being literate, based on census surveys, literacy experts say. Yet, just because someone went to school doesn't mean he or she learned to read, those experts point out. People who only went to school for a month or who were in a classroom with 90 children and had an unprepared teacher, for example, might be counted as literate.
"[The new test] will not only tell countries in a gross fashion, 'Your school system isn't producing enough people who can read,' but 'Here's where your system is breaking down,' " said John Comings, the director of the National Center for the Study of Adult Learning and Literacy, located at Harvard University's graduate school of education. The assessment could tell a developing country, for example, that its schools teach children to sound out words but do little to develop vocabulary, he said.
The assessment takes about 1½ hours, including a half-hour for questions about the test-taker's background; it will be administered to adults who are at least 15 years old, according to Mr. Murray. It gauges both numeracy and a variety of reading skills, ranging from letter and word recognition to understanding the meaning of a text. It reports five different levels of reading proficiency in its results.
Base of Stability
In addition to citing the role of the White House conference in raising possible interest in the new assessment, literacy experts applauded the event for featuring panelists who described their work to improve literacy rates in their own countries. The projects combined literacy with other goals, such as teaching women about health or providing job opportunities for poor people.
Hasina Mojadidi, the instructional-development coordinator for a program in Afghanistan called Learning for Life, told how her country's current government is trying to make up for six years in which girls and women were forbidden by the former Taliban regime to go to school. Her organization teaches women to read and about good hygiene practices at the same time. Ms. Mojadidi said many of the program's learners have also been trained as midwives or traditional-birth attendants.
A facilitator for the Family Literacy Project in South Africa, Florence Molefe, said her group teaches mothers how to help their children learn to read, even if they can't read themselves.
"They learn how to help prepare their children to read," she said. "For example, mothers are encouraged to talk to their children when they go to the river to fetch water." After the trip to the river, they can review what they have done, so the children can learn new vocabulary and sequencing, Ms. Molefe explained.
Janet Stahl, an international training consultant for SIL International, a Dallas-based Christian international organization, who has been working on literacy in Vanuatu, a nation in the South Pacific, said the conference highlighted projects that seemed to have succeeded in making literacy relevant.
She said she appreciated how some of the presenters, such as Gonzalo Fiorilo, the director of ALFALIT, a literacy organization in Bolivia, stressed the need to teach people to read in their native languages.
"We work in rural communities where multilingualism is a way of life," Ms. Stahl said. "The people who tend to lose out on formal education are the ones who don't acquire the official language very well, and would benefit from starting out in literacy in their own language and then transitioning."
Ms. Stahl, and her husband, Jim Stahl, are working with the government of Vanuatu to set up teacher training and design materials to help 1st graders learn to read in their native languages. The country's two official languages are French and English, and its national language is Bislama; its people speak 110 vernacular languages, she said.
As a follow-up to the White House conference, UNESCO plans to hold three regional conferences around the world in the next 18 months that will offer a chance for people there to discuss policies, research, and model programs that improve literacy, Peter P. Smith, UNESCO's assistant director general for education, said in a telephone conversation last week from Paris. UNESCO was a partner in hosting the conference with the White House, along with the State Department, the U.S. Department of Education, and USAID.
"What we are trying to do is much more difficult than making a splash," Mr. Smith said. "What we want to do is embed in political and policy dialogue globally, regionally, and nationally that education and literacy lie at the base of economic and social stability."
Mary Ann Zehr
Mary Ann Zehr was an assistant editor for Education Week. Her beats included English-language learners, bilingual education, immigrants, dropouts, achievement-gap issues, and charter and private schools. She is the author of the blog Learning the Language.
A version of this article appeared in the October 04, 2006 edition of Education Week as Adult-Literacy Test Introduced to Developing Nations
Reading & Literacy President, First Lady Back Global Literacy to Fight 'Hopelessness'
Mary Ann Zehr, September 26, 2006
Federal Afghan Education Shows Progress Amid the Rubble
Kathleen Kennedy Manzo, April 18, 2006
Assessment New USAID Strategy Addresses Quality Along With Access
Mary Ann Zehr, June 7, 2005
International In Their Own Words What a Teachers' Union Leader Saw in Ukraine
American Federation of Teachers President Randi Weingarten was in the country just after widespread air strikes from Russia.
Madeline Will
Randi Weingarten visited Ukraine on Oct. 10—the day Russian missiles slammed into Lviv, Kyiv, and other cities.
Courtesy of AFT
International Q&A 'Tell American Students to Be Grateful': What Ukrainian Refugees Told AFT's President
American Federation of Teachers President Randi Weingarten traveled to Poland to meet with Ukrainian students and teachers.
American Federation of Teachers President Randi Weingarten passes out books to Ukrainian refugees at a makeshift school in a hostel in Warsaw, Poland, on April 4.
Courtesy of Asher Huey
International What the Research Says How Nations Can Repair Pandemic Damage to Students' Well-Being, Trust in Government
International data suggest the pandemic has marginalized young people in many countries.
Sarah D. Sparks
E+/Getty
International What the Research Says Schooling in a Pandemic: How Other Countries Are Doing It
A new study highlights how instruction in 11 countries has changed following pandemic closures and outbreaks.
Children attend a lesson in a school in Moscow last January. Russian schools had relatively shorter periods of academic disruptions than other countries, a new study finds.
Pavel Golovkin/AP


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Tag: colonialism
Review – Patriots: The Men Who Started The American Revolution
Was the American Revolution (and the War of Independence) a popular political movement?
After reading A.J. Langguth's Patriots: The Men Who Started the American Revolution, it sure doesn't seem to have been. With a total population in the colonies somewhere around 3 million, the patriots were only ever able to field a few thousand (and in total, a few ten thousand) men at arms in most of the major battles and the Congress was apparently not popular enough to convince the colonies to let it raise its own taxes to properly feed and clothe its army. Considering that the right of parliaments to levy taxes to pay for wars was a key aspect of British legal philosophy which had been developing for centuries since the Magna Carta, the inability of the Congress to avoid resistance to the issue of taxation to support the war effort appears to be as strong an indication as any that this was a minority struggle engineered by a crafty competing elite.
Given its lack of popularity, and the fact that many of those who were first agitating for the conflict had become wealthy by circumventing mercantilist trade laws in the colony (what we might crudely call "smuggling contraband", much like a modern drug trafficker), the even more puzzling question is why they bothered to start it in the first place? Wouldn't men like John Hancock have been better off collecting the monopoly rents granted to them by the system of restraints on trade in place which they so profitably worked around? Why were new laws like the Stamp Act, which would have only increased the profitability of their operations, the cause for a major escalation in the dispute between colonial citizens, their local (British-approved) magistrates and the Crown and British Parliament itself?
Unfortunately, "Patriots" doesn't spend much time pondering or attempting to answer questions like that, which to me is a shame because the reason I bought the book was that both the title and the insinuations of many of the reviewers seemed to suggest it had some conspiratorial light to shed on this momentous historical series of events.
My expectations ran high in the initial chapters of the book. Langguth's chosen motif, if it isn't obvious, is to highlight a key personality in the chronological narrative in each chapter. He starts with "Otis", "Adams" and then "Henry", but quickly ventures off the rails with "Riots", and "Politics" and eventually "Saratoga" and "Victory." The first few chapters outlining some key legal and social goings on, centered primarily in Boston, are exciting, detailed and alive with the moment. The author succeeds again and again at painting a neat little portrait of each major player as they enter the stage such that you get a sense of their personality, their motivations and ambitions and some of their personal back story that helps to create a context for why they're involved at key moments and why they might have acted as they did. He excels in these early parts at providing interesting data, economic, demographic and otherwise, that help the reader to draw inferences about the larger context of each disturbance, one of my favorite being that the British customs service (responsible for enforcing the system of tariffs that bolstered the mercantilist relationship of the mother country to its colonies) cost 8,000 pounds sterling to operate each year but only managed to collect 2,000 pounds sterling in revenues and fines. Considering the public and private corruption the customs service engendered, why bother with such a system if only to operate it at a 6,000 pound loss every year? It is a piece of data that leads one down many puzzling philosophical paths!
But as the conflicts in Boston move from the courthouses and legislatures to the streets and, eventually, the towns and fields of battle, the narrative structure loses its way. It becomes clear that this is a story that is much too complex to fit this "great personalities" framework and the author seems to willingly abandon it but not before introducing a cavalcade of new characters along the way without fanfare or suitable explanation. In one chapter, a teenage Alexander Hamilton pops his head in for a paragraph in the form of hoping for a war in a letter written to a friend in New York but we hear nothing from or about him until almost two hundred pages later and even then he plays a minor role seemingly mentioned only because of the narrative omniscience that he'll mean more to American history at a later date.
Aside from covering some of the major struggles in Boston, Langguth talks about issues being debated in Virginia in the House of Burgesses. The rest of the colonies (11 out of the 13 total, mind you!) go essentially without mention in terms of their own internal problems with British authority culminating in their decisions to join an armed rebellion. They only pop in here and there when their representatives make some motion in the Congress, or one of their militia bands achieves some glory (or disgrace) on a battlefield somewhere. If you went off of Langguth's telling alone, Boston was the only intellectual and politically active place in the 13 colonies and it somehow managed to drag all the rest of the population into a conflict that they had nothing to do with.
Equally puzzling is the intense focus on the military campaign in New England, centered around action in Philadelphia, New Jersey and New York state. Though references are made several times to the "Southern campaign" and the "Northern army" engaged in key battles at Saratoga, Canada and elsewhere, it is almost as if there wasn't a brutal, guerrilla war despite the colonial military campaign somehow abruptly concluding with Cornwallis's entrapment and surrender in the Southern (Virginian) Yorktown. Now how on earth did Yorktown become decisive when the fighting all seemed to take place in New England?
There were a few takeaways that seemed clear to me. War and military combat is horrible and there is nothing glorious about it, not even when fighting (nominally) for political freedom. Descriptions of the bayonet charges, of men having their heads pulverized on impact by cannonballs, of the mutilations and amputations that are left after a major battle all made it clear that war is inhumane. Another takeaway was that war is not carried out by men shooting at each other on battlegrounds alone. Spying and intelligence gathering, bribery and loyalty-negotiation and even market forces are all things a commander needs to contend with. Finally, while I certainly don't believe it is reasonable to expect men to be "better" than this anytime soon, it was fascinating to see how many of the various "Patriots" were what might be described as traumatized, ego-driven personalities who struggled vainly for glory and treasure and were willing to do violence because of these passions. It really got me thinking about how little conflict the world would be engendered by if it wasn't populated by men willing to abandon their loving families for years on end to engage in oratorical parlors (Congress) or to carry out war and destruction for a little excitement (Hamilton, Washington, etc.).
One of my biggest frustrations with the book turned out to be the fact that over half of the book followed the military campaigns of the Revolution, but it was difficult and at times impossible for me to parse Langguth's narrative to understand what, physically, was occurring on the battlefield and why. There are clearly reasons why men with rifles and cannon did what they did to defeat one another in those days, but it was rarely clear to me a.) what it was they were actually doing and b.) why they determined it to be advantageous. I know very little about how war is conducted, in this era or any other, and this author didn't help resolve my veil of ignorance.
Author The LionPosted on July 4, 2016 January 16, 2019 Categories books, political economyTags American Revolution, American War of Independence, Britain, colonialism, conspiracy, ego, mercantilism, patriotism, review, revolution, smuggling, warfareLeave a comment on Review – Patriots: The Men Who Started The American Revolution
The Singapore Success Story
At the National Museum of Singapore, we learned about the islands history from the time of the Melaka Empire to European colonialism, Japanese occupation and finally independence. The story goes that because Singapore was an island country with no natural resources to speak of, it needed visionary guidance from the "Founding Fathers" (this is actually what they're referred to as here) of the People's Action Party led by Lee Kuan Yew and his English and American educated Peranakan technocrats to develop it's economy and provide all the people with a first world standard of living.
I find this myth fascinating, mostly because everyone believes it, but also because of two related observations:
In mainland China right around the time Singapore was struggling for independence and then climbing to first world status, the idea of economic guidance by benevolent central planners was being tried and failing miserably. There, the excuse was that China had been exploited by a series of colonial and external players not to mention left purposefully backwards by the Qing rulers so a strong central government was needed to push a modernization effort.
Why did this fail in China but succeed wonderfully in Singapore?
Here's my other observation. The town where I come from is not economically self-sufficient and is also on the ocean. We too do not have an abundance of natural resources and must trade with others to survive.
But no one used that as an excuse for establishing sovereignty or central planning by a one-party state.
So what makes us different if a lack of abundant natural resources is not the issue?
Author The LionPosted on April 19, 2016 April 16, 2020 Categories history, political economy, travelTags colonialism, development, empire, independence, Lee Kuan Yew, living standards, museums, SingaporeLeave a comment on The Singapore Success Story


Office for National Statistics figures show that UK construction output decreased 2.7% in the first quarter of 2018.
Monday, March 12, 2018 Sales figures published by the Builders Merchants Federation's (BMF) Builders Merchants Building Index (BMBI) reveal a strong 2017 final quarter performance for the sector.
Tuesday, January 10, 2017 Sales in the UK construction products manufacturing market continued to climb for a consecutive 15th quarter in Q4 of 2016, according to figures published in the Construction Products Association's latest State of Trade Survey.
Wednesday, November 23, 2016 The UK government's much-expected shot in the arm for housing – confirmed in today's autumn statement – has been welcomed by the Federation of Master Builders (FMB) and Confederation of Timber Industries (CTI).
Tuesday, September 06, 2016 Two thirds of SME house builders are yet to see any significant changes to their project pipelines in the wake of Brexit, new research from the Federation of Master Builders (FMB) has revealed.
Thursday, May 12, 2016 A 3% growth in UK timber product imports during the first two months of 2016 was driven by a 26% increase in plywood volumes, according to the Timber Trade Federation's (TTF) latest statistics bulletin.
Thursday, December 03, 2015 The contribution made by Scotland's forestry sector to the country's economy has increased to nearly £1bn from £670m in 2008, according to a new report.
Monday, November 16, 2015 The consensus at the International Softwood Conference was that the industry is still dealing with the fallout from global recession in many areas.
Friday, November 06, 2015 The UK Timber Trade Federation (TTF) is forecasting a modest return to growth for softwood import volumes in 2016.
Thursday, October 22, 2015 Weaker demand than expected in the RMI market during the summer has led Travis Perkins plc to revise its profit growth expectations for 2015.
Monday, June 01, 2015 Government plans to boost the housing industry outlined in the Queen's Speech offer growth potential for the UK joinery industry, according to the British Woodworking Federation (BWF).
Thursday, March 19, 2015 The British Woodworking Federation (BWF) has described the Chancellor's budget announcement as more about winning votes at the next election than backing the construction and manufacturing sectors.
Saturday, February 21, 2015 UK softwood imports for the full year 2014 increased in value by 21% to £1.14bn, according to the Timber Trade Federation's initial annual statistics.
Sunday, February 15, 2015 The latest figures available on the supply of new timber pallets in the UK show a slight increase.
Thursday, January 15, 2015 UK imports of timber and panel products were up by around 18% in the first nine months of 2014, according to the latest figures from the Timber Trade Federation (TTF).
Tuesday, September 16, 2014 Södra's latest interim results reveal a huge improvement in the company's financial performance.
Monday, August 11, 2014 Forest products giant Weyerhaeuser managed a 28% increase in earnings from its operational activities, but a small increase in sales during the second quarter failed to impress investors.
Saturday, August 09, 2014 The value of the Italian wood processing machinery and tool industry fell by 2.1% last year, but the sector remains confident of a strong recovery by the end of the year.
Friday, August 08, 2014 Norbord's European operations continue to operate at record production levels and profits are remaining strong, according to the company's latest financial update.
Friday, May 30, 2014 NHBC's latest statistics show that April new home registrations reached their highest level since 2007.


text:
exec 2>&1

no_echo=
if [[ "$1" = "--no_echo" ]]; then
  # Don't print anything to stdout in this special case.
  # Currently needed for persistent test runner.
  no_echo="true"
  shift
else
  echo 'exec ${PAGER:-/usr/bin/less} "$0" || exit 1'
  echo "Executing tests from ${TEST_TARGET}"
fi

function is_absolute {
  [[ "$1" = /* ]] || [[ "$1" =~ ^[a-zA-Z]:[/\\].* ]]
}

# The original execution root. Usually this script changes directory into the
# runfiles directory, so using $PWD is not a reliable way to find the execution
# root.
EXEC_ROOT="$PWD"

# Bazel sets some environment vars to relative paths to improve caching and
# support remote execution, where the absolute path may not be known to Bazel.
# Convert them to absolute paths here before running the actual test.
is_absolute "$TEST_PREMATURE_EXIT_FILE" ||
  TEST_PREMATURE_EXIT_FILE="$PWD/$TEST_PREMATURE_EXIT_FILE"
is_absolute "$TEST_WARNINGS_OUTPUT_FILE" ||
  TEST_WARNINGS_OUTPUT_FILE="$PWD/$TEST_WARNINGS_OUTPUT_FILE"
is_absolute "$TEST_LOGSPLITTER_OUTPUT_FILE" ||
  TEST_LOGSPLITTER_OUTPUT_FILE="$PWD/$TEST_LOGSPLITTER_OUTPUT_FILE"
is_absolute "$TEST_INFRASTRUCTURE_FAILURE_FILE" ||
  TEST_INFRASTRUCTURE_FAILURE_FILE="$PWD/$TEST_INFRASTRUCTURE_FAILURE_FILE"
is_absolute "$TEST_UNUSED_RUNFILES_LOG_FILE" ||
  TEST_UNUSED_RUNFILES_LOG_FILE="$PWD/$TEST_UNUSED_RUNFILES_LOG_FILE"
is_absolute "$TEST_UNDECLARED_OUTPUTS_DIR" ||
  TEST_UNDECLARED_OUTPUTS_DIR="$PWD/$TEST_UNDECLARED_OUTPUTS_DIR"
is_absolute "$TEST_UNDECLARED_OUTPUTS_MANIFEST" ||
  TEST_UNDECLARED_OUTPUTS_MANIFEST="$PWD/$TEST_UNDECLARED_OUTPUTS_MANIFEST"
is_absolute "$TEST_UNDECLARED_OUTPUTS_ZIP" ||
  TEST_UNDECLARED_OUTPUTS_ZIP="$PWD/$TEST_UNDECLARED_OUTPUTS_ZIP"
is_absolute "$TEST_UNDECLARED_OUTPUTS_ANNOTATIONS" ||
  TEST_UNDECLARED_OUTPUTS_ANNOTATIONS="$PWD/$TEST_UNDECLARED_OUTPUTS_ANNOTATIONS"
is_absolute "$TEST_UNDECLARED_OUTPUTS_ANNOTATIONS_DIR" ||
  TEST_UNDECLARED_OUTPUTS_ANNOTATIONS_DIR="$PWD/$TEST_UNDECLARED_OUTPUTS_ANNOTATIONS_DIR"

is_absolute "$TEST_SRCDIR" || TEST_SRCDIR="$PWD/$TEST_SRCDIR"
is_absolute "$TEST_TMPDIR" || TEST_TMPDIR="$PWD/$TEST_TMPDIR"
is_absolute "$HOME" || HOME="$PWD/$TEST_TMPDIR"
is_absolute "$XML_OUTPUT_FILE" || XML_OUTPUT_FILE="$PWD/$XML_OUTPUT_FILE"

# Set USER to the current user, unless passed by Bazel via --test_env.
if [[ -z "$USER" ]]; then
  export USER=$(whoami)
fi

# The test shard status file is only set for sharded tests.
if [[ -n "$TEST_SHARD_STATUS_FILE" ]]; then
  is_absolute "$TEST_SHARD_STATUS_FILE" || TEST_SHARD_STATUS_FILE="$PWD/$TEST_SHARD_STATUS_FILE"
  mkdir -p "$(dirname "$TEST_SHARD_STATUS_FILE")"
fi

is_absolute "$RUNFILES_DIR" || RUNFILES_DIR="$PWD/$RUNFILES_DIR"

# TODO(ulfjack): Standardize on RUNFILES_DIR and remove the {JAVA,PYTHON}_RUNFILES vars.
is_absolute "$JAVA_RUNFILES" || JAVA_RUNFILES="$PWD/$JAVA_RUNFILES"
is_absolute "$PYTHON_RUNFILES" || PYTHON_RUNFILES="$PWD/$PYTHON_RUNFILES"

# Create directories for undeclared outputs and their annotations
mkdir -p "$(dirname "$XML_OUTPUT_FILE")" \
    "$TEST_UNDECLARED_OUTPUTS_DIR" \
    "$TEST_UNDECLARED_OUTPUTS_ANNOTATIONS_DIR"

# Create the test temp directory, which may not exist on the remote host when
# doing a remote build.
mkdir -p "$TEST_TMPDIR"

# Unexport environment variables related to undeclared test outputs that are
# only supposed to be used in this script.
export -n TEST_UNDECLARED_OUTPUTS_MANIFEST
export -n TEST_UNDECLARED_OUTPUTS_ZIP
export -n TEST_UNDECLARED_OUTPUTS_ANNOTATIONS

# Tell googletest about Bazel sharding.
if [[ -n "${TEST_TOTAL_SHARDS+x}" ]] && ((TEST_TOTAL_SHARDS != 0)); then
  export GTEST_SHARD_INDEX="${TEST_SHARD_INDEX}"
  export GTEST_TOTAL_SHARDS="${TEST_TOTAL_SHARDS}"
fi
export GTEST_TMP_DIR="${TEST_TMPDIR}"

# TODO(ulfjack): Update Gunit to accept XML_OUTPUT_FILE and drop this env
# variable.
GUNIT_OUTPUT="xml:${XML_OUTPUT_FILE}"

RUNFILES_MANIFEST_FILE="${TEST_SRCDIR}/MANIFEST"

function rlocation() {
  if is_absolute "$1" ; then
    # If the file path is already fully specified, simply return it.
    echo "$1"
  elif [[ -e "$TEST_SRCDIR/$1" ]]; then
    # If the file exists in the $TEST_SRCDIR then just use it.
    echo "$TEST_SRCDIR/$1"
  elif [[ -e "$RUNFILES_MANIFEST_FILE" ]]; then
    # If a runfiles manifest file exists then use it.
    echo "$(grep "^$1 " "$RUNFILES_MANIFEST_FILE" | sed 's/[^ ]* //')"
  fi
}

export -f rlocation
export -f is_absolute
export RUNFILES_MANIFEST_FILE
# If the runfiles manifest exist, then test programs should use it to find
# runfiles.
if [[ -e "$RUNFILES_MANIFEST_FILE" ]]; then
  export RUNFILES_MANIFEST_ONLY=1
fi

DIR="$TEST_SRCDIR"
if [ ! -z "$TEST_WORKSPACE" ]; then
  DIR="$DIR"/"$TEST_WORKSPACE"
fi
[[ -n "$RUNTEST_PRESERVE_CWD" ]] && DIR="$PWD"

# normal commands are run in the exec-root where they have access to
# the entire source tree. By chdir'ing to the runfiles root, tests only
# have direct access to their declared dependencies.
if [ -z "$COVERAGE_DIR" ]; then
  cd "$DIR" || { echo "Could not chdir $DIR"; exit 1; }
fi

# This header marks where --test_output=streamed will start being printed.
if [[ -z "$no_echo" ]]; then
  echo "-----------------------------------------------------------------------------"
fi

# Unused if EXPERIMENTAL_SPLIT_XML_GENERATION is set.
function encode_output_file {
  if [ -f "$1" ]; then
    # Replace invalid XML characters and invalid sequence in CDATA
    # cf. https://stackoverflow.com/a/7774512/4717701
    perl -CSDA -pe's/[^\x9\xA\xD\x20-\x{D7FF}\x{E000}-\x{FFFD}\x{10000}-\x{10FFFF}]+/?/g;' "$1" \
      | sed 's|]]>|]]>]]<![CDATA[>|g'
  fi
}

# Unused if EXPERIMENTAL_SPLIT_XML_GENERATION is set.
# Keep this in sync with generate-xml.sh!
function write_xml_output_file {
  local duration=$(expr $(date +%s) - $start)
  local errors=0
  local error_msg=
  local signal="${1-}"
  local test_name=
  if [ -n "${XML_OUTPUT_FILE-}" -a ! -f "${XML_OUTPUT_FILE-}" ]; then
    # Create a default XML output file if the test runner hasn't generated it
    if [ -n "${signal}" ]; then
      errors=1
      if [ "${signal}" = "SIGTERM" ]; then
        error_msg="<error message=\"Timed out\"></error>"
      else
        error_msg="<error message=\"Terminated by signal ${signal}\"></error>"
      fi
    elif (( $exitCode != 0 )); then
      errors=1
      error_msg="<error message=\"exited with error code $exitCode\"></error>"
    fi
    test_name="${TEST_BINARY#./}"
    # Ensure that test shards have unique names in the xml output.
    if [[ -n "${TEST_TOTAL_SHARDS+x}" ]] && ((TEST_TOTAL_SHARDS != 0)); then
      ((shard_num=TEST_SHARD_INDEX+1))
      test_name="${test_name}"_shard_"$shard_num"/"$TEST_TOTAL_SHARDS"
    fi
    cat <<EOF >${XML_OUTPUT_FILE}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<testsuites>
  <testsuite name="$test_name" tests="1" failures="0" errors="${errors}">
    <testcase name="$test_name" status="run" duration="${duration}" time="${duration}">${error_msg}</testcase>
    <system-out><![CDATA[$(encode_output_file "${XML_OUTPUT_FILE}.log")]]></system-out>
  </testsuite>
</testsuites>
EOF
  fi
  rm -f "${XML_OUTPUT_FILE}.log"
}

# The path of this command-line is usually relative to the exec-root,
# but when using --run_under it can be a "/bin/bash -c" command-line.

# If the test is at the top of the tree, we have to add '.' to $PATH,
PATH=".:$PATH"

if [ -z "$COVERAGE_DIR" ]; then
  EXE="${1#./}"
  shift
else
  EXE="${2#./}"
fi

if is_absolute "$EXE"; then
  TEST_PATH="$EXE"
else
  TEST_PATH="$(rlocation $TEST_WORKSPACE/$EXE)"
fi

# TODO(jsharpe): Use --test_env=TEST_SHORT_EXEC_PATH=true to activate this code
# path to workaround a bug with long executable paths when executing remote
# tests on Windows.
if [ ! -z "$TEST_SHORT_EXEC_PATH" ]; then
  QUALIFIER=0
  BASE="${EXEC_ROOT}/t${QUALIFIER}"
  while [[ -e "${BASE}" || -e "${BASE}.exe" || -e "${BASE}.zip" ]]; do
    ((QUALIFIER++))
    BASE="${EXEC_ROOT}/t${QUALIFIER}"
  done

  # Note for the commands below: "ln -s" is equivalent to "cp" on Windows.

  # Needs to be in the same directory for sh_test. Ignore the error when it
  # doesn't exist.
  ln -s "${TEST_PATH%.*}" "${BASE}" 2>/dev/null
  # Needs to be in the same directory for py_test. Ignore the error when it
  # doesn't exist.
  ln -s "${TEST_PATH%.*}.zip" "${BASE}.zip" 2>/dev/null
  # Needed for all tests.
  ln -s "${TEST_PATH}" "${BASE}.exe"
  TEST_PATH="${BASE}.exe"
fi

exitCode=0
signals="$(trap -l | sed -E 's/[0-9]+\)//g')"
for signal in $signals; do
  trap "write_xml_output_file ${signal}" ${signal}
done
start=$(date +%s)

# Check if we have tail --pid option
dummy=1 &
pid=$!
has_tail=true
tail -fq --pid $pid -s 0.001 /dev/null &> /dev/null || has_tail=false

if [ "$has_tail" == true ] && [  -z "$no_echo" ]; then
  touch "${XML_OUTPUT_FILE}.log"
  if [ -z "$COVERAGE_DIR" ]; then
    ("${TEST_PATH}" "$@" &>"${XML_OUTPUT_FILE}.log") &
    pid=$!
  else
    ("$1" "$TEST_PATH" "${@:3}" &> "${XML_OUTPUT_FILE}.log") &
    pid=$!
  fi
  tail -fq --pid $pid -s 0.001 "${XML_OUTPUT_FILE}.log"
  wait $pid
  exitCode=$?
else
  if [[ "${EXPERIMENTAL_SPLIT_XML_GENERATION}" == "1" ]]; then
    if [ -z "$COVERAGE_DIR" ]; then
      "${TEST_PATH}" "$@" 2>&1 || exitCode=$?
    else
      "$1" "$TEST_PATH" "${@:3}" 2>&1 || exitCode=$?
    fi
  else
    if [ -z "$COVERAGE_DIR" ]; then
      "${TEST_PATH}" "$@" 2> >(tee -a "${XML_OUTPUT_FILE}.log" >&2) 1> >(tee -a "${XML_OUTPUT_FILE}.log") 2>&1 || exitCode=$?
    else
      "$1" "$TEST_PATH" "${@:3}" 2> >(tee -a "${XML_OUTPUT_FILE}.log" >&2) 1> >(tee -a "${XML_OUTPUT_FILE}.log") 2>&1 || exitCode=$?
    fi
  fi
fi

for signal in $signals; do
  trap - ${signal}
done
if [[ "${EXPERIMENTAL_SPLIT_XML_GENERATION}" != "1" ]]; then
  write_xml_output_file
fi

# Add all of the files from the undeclared outputs directory to the manifest.
if [[ -n "$TEST_UNDECLARED_OUTPUTS_DIR" && -n "$TEST_UNDECLARED_OUTPUTS_MANIFEST" ]]; then
  undeclared_outputs="$(find -L "$TEST_UNDECLARED_OUTPUTS_DIR" -type f | sort)"
  # Only write the manifest if there are any undeclared outputs.
  if [[ ! -z "$undeclared_outputs" ]]; then
    # For each file, write a tab-separated line with name (relative to
    # TEST_UNDECLARED_OUTPUTS_DIR), size, and mime type to the manifest. e.g.
    # foo.txt	9	text/plain
    while read -r undeclared_output; do
      rel_path="${undeclared_output#$TEST_UNDECLARED_OUTPUTS_DIR/}"
      # stat has different flags for different systems. -c is supported by GNU,
      # and -f by BSD (and thus OSX). Try both.
      file_size="$(stat -f%z "$undeclared_output" 2>/dev/null || stat -c%s "$undeclared_output" 2>/dev/null || echo "Could not stat $undeclared_output")"
      file_type="$(file -L -b --mime-type "$undeclared_output")"

      printf "$rel_path\t$file_size\t$file_type\n"
    done <<< "$undeclared_outputs" \
      > "$TEST_UNDECLARED_OUTPUTS_MANIFEST"
    if [[ ! -s "$TEST_UNDECLARED_OUTPUTS_MANIFEST" ]]; then
      rm "$TEST_UNDECLARED_OUTPUTS_MANIFEST"
    fi
  fi
fi

# Add all of the custom manifest entries to the annotation file.
if [[ -n "$TEST_UNDECLARED_OUTPUTS_ANNOTATIONS" && \
      -n "$TEST_UNDECLARED_OUTPUTS_ANNOTATIONS_DIR" && \
      -d "$TEST_UNDECLARED_OUTPUTS_ANNOTATIONS_DIR" ]]; then
  (
   shopt -s failglob
   cat "$TEST_UNDECLARED_OUTPUTS_ANNOTATIONS_DIR"/*.part > "$TEST_UNDECLARED_OUTPUTS_ANNOTATIONS"
  ) 2> /dev/null
fi

# Zip up undeclared outputs.
if [[ -n "$TEST_UNDECLARED_OUTPUTS_ZIP" ]] && cd "$TEST_UNDECLARED_OUTPUTS_DIR"; then
  (
   shopt -s dotglob failglob
   zip -qr "$TEST_UNDECLARED_OUTPUTS_ZIP" -- *
  ) 2> /dev/null
fi

exit $exitCode

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Victims of sibling aggression suffer consequences
Even one incident of sibling aggression causes mental distress among children and adolescents according to recently-published research in Pediatrics. Study authors from the University of New Hampshire analyzed data from the National Survey of Children's Exposure to Violence using a random sample of 3,599 children ages one month to 17 representing all geographic regions. They conducted telephone interviews with youth ages 10 to 17 and spoke with caregivers concerning younger victims. Lead author Corinna Jenkins Tucker, Ph.D., UNH associate professor of family studies, notes that the mental health effects of various forms of aggression were considered such as physical abuse [More]
Violence and Video Games: Are They Linked?
Contentious debate continues over whether video games and other forms of media promote violent behavior, particularly in the wake of the Parkland, Fla., school shooting. Games like "Resident Evil," "Manhunt," and "Mortal Kombat" top the list. But, is there a one-size-fits-all answer to the question? "I don't think you are going to find any media effects researchers willing to suggest that violent video games lead to school shootings," said Kirstie Farrar, Ph.D, associate professor of communications at the University of Connecticut. "However, most media effects researchers agree there is a small but significant relationship between violent media exposure and outcome [More]
Tags: school shooting, aggression, link, connection, video games, violence, young males, Resident Evil, Manhunt, Mortal Kombat"
Violence toward staff of concern at Worcester Recovery Center
By Rivkela Brodsky
When the Worcester Recovery Center and Hospital opened in 2012 it was touted as a state-of-the art facility that emphasized the "natural structure of home, neighborhood and community." The $305 million, 430,000-square foot structure, with 320 beds – 60 for adolescents and 260 for adults – was built to have a "non-institutional look" where the "intent is to provide a private, quieter space." However, there has not been much quiet at the hospital as of late. The hospital has seen a dramatic rise in incidents of violence against staff by patients – far and above anything the Massachusetts Nurses Association [More]
Violence: balancing treatment efficacy with provider safety
Last October, shock waves rippled through the mental health community when a patient at the bipolar clinic at Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) stabbed his psychiatrist. While such events – although rare – grab media attention, they serve as reminders to providers of the importance of awareness and preparation. According to Steve Nisenbaum, Ph.D., J.D., past president of Division 18 (Psychologists in Public Service), Division 18's public policy liaison to the American Psychological Association, and 30-year staff member at MGH, these violent episodes create a conflict between the efficacy of treatment and the safety of the provider. "This is a key [More]
Virtual reality technology used with soldiers as therapy
The numbers are staggering. By some estimates, a full one-third of veterans who served in Iraq and Afghanistan over the past decade have come home as the "walking wounded." With the invisible scars of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or a traumatic brain injury, these men and women are not easily identified nor, because of the stigma of mental health care within the military, do they always seek treatment. The good news is that, while previous war veterans may have similar concerns, there is far more attention being paid to the problem today. One of the more innovative and promising treatments [More]
Virtual reality: a clinically useful tool for psychologists
Middle-school children from a rural school in Vermont recently "connected" with peers in South Sudan. Some younger students studying ancient civilizations "traveled" to Mayan ruins where they witnessed sacred ceremonies firsthand. Both of these groups engaged in virtual reality (VR) experiences that immerse the individual in a scenario through sight and sound. VR is slowly becoming part of the educational process, not only imparting academic lessons but also fostering a sense of empathy for and understanding of others. Katy Farber, Ed.D., professional development coordinator at the Tarrant Institute for Innovative Education at the University of Vermont, explained that these immersive [More]
VSH denied recertification – again
Since 2003, Vermont State Hospital (VSH) has lost, regained and once again lost its certification. In March, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) denied VSH's bid for recertification yet again because of patient care issues and safety concerns about the aging facility's physical environment. State Rep. Anne Donahue (R-Washington-2) says, "First, an interesting aspect is that CMS has become more clear in the past year that they are not considering recertification; they are treating [the hospital] as though it is a new entity seeking certification. This is important because it creates a different standard than simply remedying the [More]
VT braces for loss of psychiatric bed Medicaid funding
A special waiver exempts Vermont from a decades-old restriction prohibiting states from using Medicaid funds to cover services for non-elderly adults with mental health conditions in hospital settings with more than 16 beds. But Vermont's waiver is set to expire starting in 2021 and phase out completely in 2025. That would leave the state on the hook for the $23 million in federal dollars being used to provide treatment for patients ages 21 to 64 at the Vermont Psychiatric Care Hospital (VPCH) in Berlin and Brattleboro Retreat, said Department of Mental Health (DMH) Commissioner Melissa Bailey. A proposal among an [More]
Tags: mental health system, Mental health, Vermont, Brattleboro Retreat, exemption, Medicaid, hospitals, increase bed capacity
VT mental health agencies to be audited
While they are not suspected of any wrongdoing or failures, the mental health agencies of the state of Vermont will be under the microscope in the coming months. In September, the Vermont state auditor's office announced it will run an audit of the state's designated agencies (DAs), the community mental health and developmental disability organizations contracted by the Vermont Department of Mental Health (DMH). State Auditor Doug Hoffer announced the plan to inspect the agencies as one of four new audits being initiated. The office will also look at the Sex Offender Registry to ensure it is being kept current [More]
Wait times rise in Maine
The numbers are going in the wrong direction for certain clients of the mental health care system in Maine. Although nearly a quarter of a century has passed since Maine settled a lawsuit agreeing to standards of care for patients of the state's mental health system, the most recent report on its implementation shows a marked increase in the number of those waiting to be assigned caseworkers. According to the report, filed by former Maine Supreme Judicial Court Chief Justice Daniel Wathen, Esq., who was appointed by the courts to monitor the state's compliance, there are 543 patients waiting to [More]


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