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"Worst interview I ever had," Cristil said in that clipped baritone of his. "I don't think Presley much wanted to be there, and I know I didn't. It was terrible, just terrible."
Perfect, I thought. All you ever got from Cristil was the truth. He didn't embellish. He gave you the facts whether you wanted them or not. He was clear, concise. And he was, for 60 years, Mississippi State.
As you surely know by now, Jacob Sanford "Jack" Cristil died Sept. 7 after a lengthy illness with first severe kidney problems and then cancer. He was 88.
With apologies to Elvis, Jack's voice might have been the most beloved in Mississippi history. His was the voice of college football for generations of Mississippians and his voice transcended school loyalties. An example:
"Some of my fondest childhood memories are of sitting at the kitchen table with my daddy, listening to Jack Cristil describe Mississippi State football games. He made the games come alive for me. I loved his voice and the way he described the games. It was like he put you in the stadium. He was, in many ways, my introduction to college football. And, still, when I hear his voice I think about those afternoons with my daddy. Jack Cristil's voice, to me, is college football."
That was Archie Manning speaking.
Cristil's voice was so distinct you could almost taste the cigarettes he was smoking and the coffee he was drinking as he told about the games. It might be a Saturday afternoon in October or a Wednesday night in February. You could be driving the back roads between Sumrall and Bassfield or Corinth and Kossuth. You would fumble with the radio dial, trying to hear through that interminable static. And then you'd hear it — that voice, that unmistakable voice talking about 6-tall halfbacks or point guards.
When Cristil was in the midst of his 50th season of broadcasting Mississippi State football 14 years ago, I went to Tupelo to spend a day with him. It is a day I will always cherish.
He told me about growing up in Memphis, the son of Jewish immigrants from Latvia and Russia. He told me about the family's first radio, which introduced him to American sports.
Cristil: "Here I was in Memphis, Tennessee, and I was absolutely enthralled with the idea that a man could be sitting in some stadium in New York or Chicago or Boston, telling me about a ballgame. It was like magic. I was enchanted by it. It captured my imagination to the extent that I knew right then and there that's what I was going to do. I was 6 years old, but I knew what I was going to do for a living, and I never changed my mind."
The first Mississippi State game he ever saw was the first one he ever called. He was hired by the legendary MSU athletic director Dudy Noble, who gave him advice he never forgot.
Cristil, again, repeating Noble: "You tell that radio audience what the score is and who's got the ball and how much time is left and you cut out the bull."
Said Cristil: "I was aghast, but it turned out to be the best advice I ever got. Because that's all the people want. They want the score, who's got the ball and how much time is left. They don't want the bull."
With Cristil, you never got the bull: not about all things Mississippi State. Not about Elvis.
And for that reason, you trusted Cristil. He put you there, in the stadium with him. When Cristil did his last Mississippi State game, a basketball game at Tennessee, I listened and tried to think of the appropriate analogy.
For me it was this: It was like listening to Sinatra sing his last song.
Rick Cleveland (rcleveland@msfame.com) is the executive director of the Mississippi Sports Hall of Fame and Museum.
© 2021 www.clarionledger.com. All rights reserved.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: Python Portable Hash I am reading the source code of pyspark here. I got really confused by the portable function here.
def portable_hash(x):
    """
    This function returns consistant hash code for builtin types, especially
    for None and tuple with None.
    The algrithm is similar to that one used by CPython 2.7
    >>> portable_hash(None)
    0
    >>> portable_hash((None, 1)) & 0xffffffff
    219750521
    """
    if x is None:
        return 0
    if isinstance(x, tuple):
        h = 0x345678
        for i in x:
            h ^= portable_hash(i)
            h *= 1000003
            h &= sys.maxint
        h ^= len(x)
        if h == -1:
            h = -2
        return h
    return hash(x)

I can see that it is a recursive function. If the input is a tuple, then recursively loop through every element.
Here are few of my questions:

*

*is this hash approach an one to one mapping?

*this function only takes None and tuple and
hashable values into consideration, I know that list object is not
hashable, did they do that intentionally or not.

*I don't have much experience with hash, is this a very classic hashing approach, if so, is there any resource for me to get a better understanding for it?

A:
"is this hash approach an one to one mapping?"

NO hashing approach is 1-to-1: they all map M possible inputs into N possible integer results where M is much larger than N.

"this function only takes None and tuple and hashable values into consideration, I know that list object is not hashable, did they do that intentionally or not."

Yes, this function delegates to built-in hash everything else except tuples and None.  And it's definitely a deliberate design decision in Python (also respected by this function) to make mutable built-ins such as list and dict not hashable.

"I don't have much experience with hash, is this a very classic hashing approach, if so, is there any resource for me to get a better understanding for it?"

Yes, exclusive-or'ing hash of items, with modification of the running total as one goes through, is indeed a very classic approach to hashing containers of hashable items.
For more study about hashing, I'd start at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hash_function .

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Yuri Vladimirovich Andropov (1914-1984) was a Soviet politician. He was born in Nagutskoye, Russian SFSR.
Andropov was Director of the KGB for an unusually long time: 1967–1982 (Jan-May). He was General Secretary of the CPSU from November 12, 1982 until his death fifteen months later. He had diabetes mellitus and died of renal failure in Moscow, Russian SFSR.


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Coronavirus News Source
Webinar: COVID-19, Nutrition in Immune Response Against Viral Infection
28-Apr-2020 2:45 PM EDT, by Institute for the Advancement of Food and Nutrition Sciences
From 8:00-9:30 a.m. EST on Tuesday, May 5, please join the International Life Sciences Institute for a timely webinar featuring experts on nutrition and immunity.
ILSI Global has been hosting a series of free webinars for the public on nutrition and immunity. As Dr. Christian Marin-Müller, CEO of Speratum in Costa Rica, stated during our last webinar, while the COVID-19 genome was obtained within a month of its emergence, intensive research is still needed on possible medications and vaccines. The genome sequencing revealed that the virus may have jumped from bats or pangolins. Dr. Simin Nikbin Meydani of Tufts University said that poor nutrition status makes one more susceptible to infections. She reviewed Vitamin E and Zinc research which have no direct evidence to date of helping resist COVID-19 infection; however, there are some preliminary studies which are suggestive that such nutrients could play a role in human immunity to the disease. Please join us for our next webinar on May 5.
Speaker Introduction and Topics
The webinar will be opened by Dr. Stéphane Vidry, Director of Operations of ILSI Global, who will introduce the two eminent speakers and their topics:
Nutrition and Antiviral Immunity
Philip Calder, PhD, RNutr. FSB, FAfn, BSc. Professor of Nutritional Immunology within Medicine at the University of Southampton, UK.
Vitamin D and Acute Respiratory Infections
Adrian R. Martineau, PhD. Professor of Respiratory Infection and Immunity at Queen Mary University of London, UK.
To Register: https://attendee.gotowebinar.com/register/995420168462091532
To Submit Questions: please send an email to: [email protected]
We look forward to hosting you during this international webinar as we learn more about nutrition's role in supporting immunity during the COVID-19 pandemic. It will include a panel discussion.
ILSI North America is one entity within the Global ILSI Federation. ILSI North America is the only US-Canadian organization that brings together scientists from government, academia and industry to advance science in food safety and nutrition for public benefit. Global ILSI is a nonprofit, worldwide organization whose mission is to provide science that improves human health and well-being and safeguards the environment. For over 40 years, Global ILSI has specialized in convening scientists from the public and private sectors to collaborate in a neutral forum on scientific topics of mutual interest.
Health Food Immunology Nutrition Public Health Coronavirus
COVID-19 and immune system Nutrition Immunity
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Netflix Reviews
Streaming Reviews
Derrick Dunn
Throwback Tuesday Album Review: El DeBarge, El DeBarge
Singer El DeBarge was in the midst of a successful career as the lead singer of DeBarge when the time came for the inevitable solo record. Following the group's fourth album, Rhythm of the Night, began recording his solo debut.
Gordy Records (a Motown sub-label) released El DeBarge on July 14th, 1986. Expectations were high for the album. El had substantial success with the #1 single "Who's Jonny" from the film Short Circuit. Written by Peter & Ina Wolf, the song was an infectious summertime song that eighties babies still know the chorus to.
It's clear that Berry Gordy was looking to turn El into a pop star, sadly the material wasn't durable enough for a singer of El's talents. Legendary songwriter contributed four songs, "Secrets of the Night," "I Wanna Hear It from My Heart," "Private Line," and "Don't Say It's Over." Berry Gordy wanted to duplicate the success that Warren and DeBarge had with "Rhythm of the Night." Still, none of the songs are particularly memorable and come off more as outtakes than actual songs.
El regains his footing with producers Jay Graydon, Mark Mueller, Robbie Nevil on the mid-tempo "Someone." Where the producers do their best to bring out the lushness of El's voice. The same can't be said for Jack Conrad and Larry Henley's production on "When Love Has Gone Away." The production just doesn't land and is beneath El's vocals, as is "Thrill of the Chase."
Thankfully iconic songwriter and producer Burt Bacharach arrives to save the album with one of my favorite El DeBarge solo songs, "Love Always." Co-written with Carole Bayer Sager, is a sentimental ballad that still sounds fresh in 2020. El also has another winner in songwriter Randy Goodrum's "Lost Without Her Love." While the song may come across as pop, Debarge's vocals are top notch.
Surprisingly, DeBarge, a talented songwriter in his own right, didn't contribute any songs to his debut solo album. Also, it's a surprise that Gordy didn't use his clout to pull big-name R & B producers for the project. For instance, Jimmy Jam & Terry Lewis, Babyface, and Leon Sylvers III could've all assisted with El's debut, as they could've brought out the best in the singer.
El DeBarge's debut achieved gold status by September of 1986. DeBarge would release another album Gemini on Motown in 1989 and later depart from the label. Since then, El has released three more albums 1992's In the Storm, 1994's Heart, Mind and Soul, and his most energetic release 2010's Second Chance.
El DeBarge's debut isn't a total failure, but considering DeBarge's talent, it is a letdown. El Debarge's debut is available to stream on all streaming platforms.
Final Re-Listen Grade: C
Best Songs: "Who's Johnny," "Love Always" and "Lost Without Her Love"
More reviews to explorer
Second Listen Sunday: Jason Weaver, Love Ambition
Actors releasing musical albums has been a norm for as long as I can remember. While many like Jamie Foxx find success, others (who shall remain nameless) aren't so lucky. One such talent was Jason Weave, who released his debut in 1994 on Motown records.
Slow Jam Saturday: El DeBarge feat. Babyface, Where Is My Love
El Debarge broke into the music scene as a member of one of the eighties' best family groups at the Motown label. When El left the group in 1986 for a solo career, industry insiders expected El to succeed tremendously. Motown didn't allow El to write or produce anything on his first album. Thus the album didn't cross over to the pop charts or connect with R & B audiences.
Second Listen Sunday : Soul For Real, For Life
Sixteen months after breaking into the music industry on the monster hits "Every Little Thing I Do" and "Canny Rain" from their debut album, the Dalyrimple brothers, a.k.a. Soul for Real, returned with their second album, For Life.
Reviews And Dunn is a unique blog showcasing all things cinema, music & theater.
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You are here: Home Resources Concepts and Ideas Jonathan Kestle Have you made charitable donations part of your estate plan?
Have you made charitable donations part of your estate plan?
When planning your estate, one of your biggest decisions is who you want to leave your money to.
If you plan ahead, you may be able to minimize your taxes, create a legacy of philanthropy through charitable donations, and still leave what you want to your family.
Claim a non-refundable tax credit. Depending upon your province of residence, the benefit to you can be up to half of what you gave.
A donation amount of up to 75% of your net income for the year is eligible for tax credit. You are allowed to carry forward unused charitable donation receipts for up to five years. You may save them up and use them all at once to maximize your tax benefit.
You can claim a tax credit for the donation made by your spouse or common-law partner.
The tax credit is applied to reduce the tax you owe.
Save the tax payable on the future growth of your assets. If you don't intend on using these assets in your lifetime, it may be to your advantage to donate them now while you're still alive.
Corporate donors – you may deduct gifts made to registered charities from taxable income.
Qualifying shares or securities gifted to registered charities are exempt from capital gains tax.
Donating a life insurance policy can substantially increase the amount your charity actually gets.


Joey Chestnut eneded up winning the Brat-Eating Contest after a one minute eat-off!
He ate 32 brats in 10 minutes and then 5 more in the eat-off. 37 brats in 11 minutes!
And then Joey Chestnut rang in the new hour of OktoberFest on the Glockenspiel Tower.
We stopped to listen to The Bierband.
put on some long pants and a sweatshirt and head back down to OktoberFest. Ye-ah.


Now, if you just want a background for your sticker and text, you can insert that now. If you want to print an image, you are going to have to click on your text box and go to insert picture from clipart or file (in this case file). Then choose your picture and insert it into the text bow. This now allows you to move your image around easier and edit it's size. Now you can make the image the... Just like you explained how to create custom images, please put a separate post about creating infographics without using Photoshop. Each time I design an infographic, I have to hire a designer. Is there a way through which I can do it myself?
Online Sticker Creators. See below our creative sticker image creator apps developed to generate customized stickers and labels with optional transparent background (as PNG sticker images). how to create your own stage pvz2 hex Standalone. Sticker pack app. This is a basic sticker pack made up of images or animated images, which you don't need to use code to build. You can list it in the Stickers category and relevant Stickers subcategories on the App Store for iMessage.
How To Make Own Stickers. Using chatting service like hike, WhatsApp, and more, the most amazing part of the chatting is its sticker with various; moods, festivals, holidays etc.. what if you can create your own stickers with very ease and fast.
To do this, you have to select our PNG file, and drag it to the Telegram window, and drop it in the part that says "Without Compression". Remember that the format of the stickers should be 512 × 512 and also the format must be in PNG with a transparent background.


In the past 20 years, obesity among 6- to 11-year-old children has risen 54 percent, according to John Hopkins Bayview Medical Center. Fat kids often suffer socially and have a greater risk of developing conditions like heart disease and diabetes. The "Active Health & Wellness Program" was developed to curb the child obesity epidemic. Help us help schools create healthier environments for children to decrease their risk factors for disease.
"Public Health Crisis, Prevention as a Cure"
"Prevention of Pediatric Overweight and Obesity"
Can Chicken Pox be Prevented?


Hospital-grade care without the hospital.
Today, many elective procedures can be performed in an office setting instead of a hospital. There are significant advantages for both patient and provider, including convenience and cost savings. But these procedures still require sedation, and it's critical that Office-based Anesthesia (OBA) meet the same safety standards as those required in a hospital setting. You can count on that level of safety with Providence Anesthesiology Associates.
For our Office-based Anesthesia patients, Simple Admit is a pre-admissions HIPAA-compliant platform, used by your healthcare team to customize your needs and care plan. Any medical and personal information submitted is secured and private.
If you have questions upon receiving your bill from us, or if at any time during the process you wish to discuss the status of your claim, please feel free to reach out to us. Read a note from our billing team for more information.
Our physicians are among the elite in the field of anesthesiology, trusted at 19 hospitals and healthcare facilities across the state. There's peace of mind knowing the same anesthesiologists who keep patients safe in the hospital are available for outpatient procedures too.
Ongoing performance measurement is part of our culture. By measuring 36 clinical quality indicators on every patient's anesthetic experience, we are able to ensure the highest quality anesthesia care, delivered in full compliance with accreditation standards.
Reliable patient care from beginning to end.
We take extreme measures to ensure the safest environment for patients, and not just while they are under anesthesia. We provide dedicated patient care from the moment surgery is scheduled to the pre-operative consultation, post-operative care, discharge and beyond.
I am a provider and interested in learning more about OBA services.


text:
Members of papal commission on women's diaconate make first public comments
by Peter Feuerherd
Deacons_226.jpeg
Dominican Sr. Donna Ciangio, Jesuit Fr. Bernard Pottier, Phyllis Zagano and Basilian Fr. Thomas Rosica (l-r) at a panel discussion at Fordham University Jan. 15 on the future of women deacons. Pottier and Zagano served on the Study Commission on the Women's Diaconate, initiated by Pope Francis in 2016. (Fordham University/Leo Sorel)
New York — A study he commissioned on the possibility of ordaining women deacons is complete and now on the desk of Pope Francis.
Phyllis Zagano and Jesuit Fr. Bernard Pottier, two members of that commission, told a packed auditorium at Fordham University's Lincoln Center campus here that the evidence indicates women deacons have a long history in the church and that they are needed in ministry worldwide.
"History alone is not dispositive. It can't answer the question one way or another," said Zagano, author of numerous books and articles on the topic of women deacons and senior research associate at Hofstra University in Hempstead, New York. But, she said, the ministry need is there.
Zagano, an NCR columnist, has long studied the diaconate in the ancient church and is involved in current discussions. "I would like to think of women's deacon future. But I have no promises for you," she told the audience of more than 300 at the seminar sponsored by the Fordham Center on Religion and Culture.
The commission, founded two years ago and led by Cardinal Luis Ladaria, is a Vatican first. Comprised of 12 members, it includes an equal number of men and women. Their task was to study the history of the diaconate of women.
"We are better, men and women coming together," said Pottier, a permanent member of the Vatican's International Theological Commission, making the point that the commission modeled what a mixed-gender clergy could accomplish.
The permanent diaconate was reinstituted in the church after Vatican II. There are currently 45,000 permanent deacons in the world, men who serve in various ministries and can preach and witness marriages and perform baptisms, among other duties. They include both married and single men, with some 18,000 serving in the United States.
Transitional deacons have long served in similar ministerial roles as a stepping-stone to priestly ordination.
Zagano spent months over the two-year span at the Vatican researching the topic and participating in discussions. She said that cardinals and bishops she met from all over the world, even in places such as Asia, Africa and Latin America, where there are few deacons, were supportive of the diaconate and opening ordination to it for women.
One Latin American archdiocese has 400 priests to minister to more than five million Catholics. In one Venezuelan parish, 14 different chapels are served by two priests. The need for ordained ministers is great, said Zagano.
"Our moral obligation is to bring the Gospel to the people of the world," she said.
Much of the discussion here focused on the long history of women deacons, which dates to St. Paul's reference to Phoebe, a woman who served as a deacon. The tradition of women deacons continued through church history, being suppressed in the church in the West as the rites of ordination became perceived as closely connected to the all-male priesthood.
Pope Benedict XVI emphasized, however, the different vocation of priesthood and diaconate. That distinction has emboldened supporters of ordaining women deacons because it separates the issue from the ordination of women, which was categorically ruled out by Pope John Paul II.
Dominican Sr. Donna Ciangio, chancellor for the Archdiocese of Newark, said that people in the pews are ready to ordain women. Some even assume that active women ministers in their parishes are already ordained deacons and want to hear women preach, a ministry that is open to deacons, she said.
The panel emphasized that they were discussing women deacons, not women priests. Audience member Karen Gargamelli-McCreight pressed the panel on women's ordination to the priesthood but was rebuffed and told that was a topic not on the evening's agenda.
"It has nothing to do with what we are doing tonight," said Zagano.
Zagano said she has confidence that the pope would make the right decision about ordaining women deacons, keeping in mind the ministry needs of the church.
She cited Francis' plea for people to make noise about issues in the church that concern them. "He is a man of deep prayer," she said. "This guy is for real."
[Peter Feuerherd is a correspondent for NCR's Field Hospital series on parish life and is a professor of journalism at St. John's University, New York.]
A version of this story appeared in the Feb 8-21, 2019 print issue under the headline: 'No promises' on women deacons .
Parish | Members of papal commission on women's diaconate make first public comments
Women walking together, away from the church
The church needs women cardinals
Pope Francis confirms finality of ban on ordaining women priests
Pope Francis discusses married priests, women deacons with German newspaper
African Jesuit Fr. Orobator quests for women's inclusion in church structures


← CLEANED UP FOR A FEW MOMENTS!
I'm lucky enough to have a whole room dedicated to my writing. Just me and my computer and my green-eyed demon dog and my golden geckos in the upright fish tank on the left side of the desk and my work-in-progress collage propped above. I didn't even have to clean up (too much) to take this shot. Just don't – for the love of all you hold dear – open the Chinese cabinet on the right.
But my REAL writing retreat is profoundly messier and also way more luxurious. It's the retreat in my head.
Sounds woo-woo, yes? (Wave to Brenda W. whose guided imagery during a hypnosis session helped me create this second workspace.) But with a blazing candle and some mythic traveling tunes from Azam Ali and Dead Can Dance, I open the door in my mind and find an empty space to brainstorm, or a boardroom with all my imagined characters at the round table, or a playroom with indelible colored markers and permission to write on the walls. Hey, it's my space after all.
Sometimes it's a prison or a padded room in a sanatorium. My head isn't always a pretty place 😉 But honestly, I find as a writer I'm best served by a comfy chair and a short chain anyway, and sometimes blank walls are very relaxing. Regardless of its décor, once I sink down into that second writing place, it seems as if the first one – the real one – was the illusion, flickering out like that untended candle.
If you haven't yet found your ideal writing space or just a personal sanctuary, could you create one in your head? What music, scents and props would you need to make the doorway to that space?
I love the description of your mind space. I've never thought of making one for myself, but a lighted candle would open the doors, Kenny G would be the magical passkey. Inside would be a table top plateau against a blue, blue sky, with my characters sitting around a campfire talking about their story.
I can definitely picture your space. Clear, evocative, a gathering. Much like your writing. I suppose it makes sense that our imaginary spaces would resonate with our imaginary friends and villains.
I also love the description of the writing space in your mind. Love the thought of s'mores too — but for eating, not metaphors. LOL!
P.S. What a wonderful gecko "house"!
That poses a really interesting question, Jessica- what does the writing space inside our heads "look like"? I'll have to think hard about that one because for me it's a very visual space in which I inhabit my characters and their worlds, with all the sights, smells, tastes, and the other people and critters in their lives. Sometimes in the reverie just before I fall asleep, my medievals and my Regencies merge, and sometimes I find myself trying to email someone back in 11th century England. Now, that can be a bit confusing. But all of those are so real to me. Which world am I in?
Delle, when you read about how the human mind processes information, you do have to wonder which world we live in. The "real" world or the world of our limited & unreliable senses? What makes our imagined worlds any less real? Oh well, sure, a plunging dagger in our imagined world requires somewhat fewer stitches, but who's counting?


ICSAVE belongs to you! Our organization was founded on the core belief that every citizen, when provided with appropriate knowledge, skills, and abilities, can protect his or her communities from preventable injury and death. Don't see what you are looking for below? Our military training programs can be custom tailored to fit your unique individual or organization's needs.
The purpose of Military Active Violence Preparedness Training is to educate base commanders, military leadership, assigned personnel, support staff and other installation employees regarding researched-based, proactive measures that can be organizationally adopted and implemented. This program is designed to supplement current "Lock-down" or "Secure-in-Place" procedures presently used throughout much of the country.
Introduces evidence-based, life-saving techniques and strategies for providing the best trauma care on the battlefield. NAEMT conducts TCCC courses under the auspices of its PHTLS program, the recognized world leader in prehospital trauma education.
The TCCC-MP (TCCC for Medical Personnel) course is designed for combat EMS/military personnel, including medics, corpsmen, and pararescue personnel deploying in support of combat operations. NAEMT also offers Tactical Emergency Casualty Care(TECC) for civilian tactical EMS.
NAEMT's TCCC courses are taught by a global network of experienced, well trained instructors. To support course sites, instructors and students, NAEMT maintains a network of tactical affiliate faculty both in the U.S. and internationally, and staff at its Headquarters Office. Course administration is streamlined and cost-effective.
NAEMT's TCCC course is accredited by the Continuing Education Coordinating Board for Emergency Medical Services (CECBEMS) and recognized by the National Registry of EMTs (NREMT).PHTLS courses improve the quality of trauma care in your area and decrease mortality. The program is based on a prehospital trauma care philosophy, stressing the treatment of the multi-system trauma patient as a unique entity with specific needs. This may require an approach to the trauma patient that varies from traditional treatment modalities. PHTLS promotes critical thinking as the foundation for providing quality care. It is based on the belief that, given a good fund of knowledge and key principles, EMS practitioners are capable of making reasoned decisions regarding patient care. The PHTLS course is continuously updated and revised to keep up with the advances in the field, ATLS Guidelines and feedback from PHTLS participants.


Shortlisted in the Queensland Literary Awards Finalist in The Melbourne Prize for Literature 2012 Best Writing Award Outside is the second full-length collection from the prize-winning poet David McCooey. Outside takes the most basic of categories-day and night, inside and outside-and makes them the source of powerful meditations on the strangeness of our diurnal lives. In the resonant landscapes of these poems, the domestic slides into the universal, the personal becomes the historical, and the cultural is the real. This is a deeply unified work, even as it encompasses reflections on such diverse topics as the number 5, hands, newborn infants, heaven, anger, and rock music. The collection also features a number of major sequences, including 'A Short History of Night', and an electrifying response to the films of Stanley Kubrick. The book is also finely balanced in another way: by a generous and unique sense of humour, demonstrated in the dadaist and hilarious 'intermission'. Outside is always unsettling, but it is, too, always humane.


Single Leaf Vineyard has been "dry-farmed" (non-irrigated) for 26 years. We were dry farming before it had the current resurgence to popularity! Our meticulous farming and low yields produce intensely flavored, vibrant wines. Our estate red varietals include Zinfandel, Malbec, Barbera, Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc and Merlot. We'd love it if you dropped by for a complimentary tasting of our wines! Our tasting area is surrounded by lush vineyards creating a perfect casual, yet elegant, surrounding. Adding to the family feel, Maxx, the winery dog, wonders the property. He also "writes" a quarterly column which you can read on our webpage www.singleleaf.com.


Gabi, who once lived in Kamakura !
Click on my name to read more.
Thanks, Cor, for taking this up !!
1. The tree grew as a soliter, therefore its crown was symmetrical and straight trunk with regular branches in its upper part.
2. A high quality soil and climatic conditions allowed very qualitative development of the tree. For the tree stability and nutrition uptake is root system very important.
3. We supposed that the surrounding area of the tree was of grass type, or stony pavement respectively. The tree growth conditions were optimal.
4. In regard to the severe damage of root system of the tree (video presentation), the hole in the main tree trunk and dead roots as well as very narrow level (10-15-20 cm) of healthy surrounding wood, we supposed that the reason of such damage has been the covering of the soil by firm concrete level (150-200 years ago).
5. The reinforcement of soil surface under tree and its broader surrounding has significantly changed the ecological conditions for tree optimal growth. The roots without sufficient access of moisture, air, high temperate under reinforce surface during summer caused progressive and long-term rotten and dead of the roots (in the Middle Europe the fungus Armillaria mellea Vahl. Is causing the roots rotten).
6. The roots rotten did widespread into tree wood. Within the tree was created a big hole of average of 1.5 m and continued till the height 2-3.5 m. The main roots which are responsible for the tree static and stability has become dead. On the video was possible to see dead sidelong branches.
7. Repeatedly we underline the primary cause of tree trunk crash, the significant decay and, big hole in tree trunk (The Mainichi Daily News), dead roots and only very small undamaged part of trunk. Unexpected ginkgo's crush has been supported by a strong wind.
8. The expectant rescue of historically precious 1000 years old tree unfortunately is not real. We can only minimize the loss of such precious tree by germplasm reproduction of Ginkgo biloba, by inoculation on others ginkgo's trees, by micropropagation in vitro. In the case of male tree, generative reproduction in not possible.
9. Obtained knowledge originates from long-term wood research in urban conditions of Slovak Republic and from scientific activities at the Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra.
Shrine trying various methods to regenerate uprooted ginkgo tree.
Tsurugaoka Hachimangu shrine is trying out three methods to regenerate the giant tree--a prefectural natural treasure said to be more than 1,000 years old--but it remains doubtful whether they will succeed.
Firstly, the 6.8-meter-diameter trunk of the sacred tree was cut at a point four meters above ground. The lower section was transplanted to a new plot inside the shrine's grounds in the hope it will grow new roots.
Worshippers got their first glimpse of this transplanted tree on March 16--less than a week after it was felled on March 10.
The shrine has pinned its highest hopes on this method succeeding.
Atsushi Hashimoto, a priest at the shrine, said the shrine held a ritual for buds to shoot last Thursday.
"As there are thin roots left around the base of the tree, there's a 90 percent chance [this method] will work," Prof. Chikayasu Hamano of Tokyo University of Agriculture said. "We'll do everything we can [to save the tree]."
Hamano also proposed alternative methods of regenerating the tree. One way is to wait for the shoots to naturally ratoon from the stub on the ground. This method would enable the shoots to grow thick.
Another way is to make cuttings from the upper sections of the uprooted tree.
The Kanagawa Prefectural Natural Environment Conservation Center made about 400 cuttings from the branches. They are soaked in root stimulator, and grown in a greenhouse until they develop roots.
They are then taken to a field, where they are expected to grow to a height of about one meter.
"The branches of the ginkgo tree most definitely have the genes of the tree," said Hiroshi Saito, the center's chief researcher. "By growing cuttings, we can almost certainly create a clone seedling to return to the shrine."
Kentaro Nakamura, a chief researcher of Sumitomo Forestry Co.'s Tsukuba Research Institute, said even a tree more than 1,000 years old can be revived through such means. He said that the cuttings have the highest chance of success, followed by the possibility of shoots ratooning from the stub. The least likely scenario is the tree being regenerated from the transplanted stump.
A similar case can be found with the regeneration of a cherry tree estimated to be 550 years old in Onomachi, Fukushima Prefecture. The town's natural treasure cherry tree, known as Kannon-zakura, was uprooted by a typhoon in 2007.
The cuttings did not grow well, and the trunk was cut into pieces for disposal. In May 2008, however, a local resident found a shoot growing from the abandoned trunk.
The Fukushima Prefectural Forestry Research Center grew 17 seedlings from the shoot, one of which has grown to a height of 76 centimeters in a greenhouse.
The shoot absorbed water, was soaked in root stimulator and planted in soil with good water retention.
Kept in humid conditions in the greenhouse, the seedlings took root about 30 days later.
"Growing roots is the hardest thing," said Jiro Watababe, a researcher at the center. "We took the greatest care to prevent water vaporizing.
"Ginkgo trees are relatively easy to grow," Watababe added. "[The uprooted tree] still has roots, and its trunk has sufficient nutrients because it had yet to sprout for spring. I believe it highly likely it will regenerate."
Váza Webové stránky o Ginkgo su velmi zaujímavé sledujem všetky aktuality o Ginkgo poškodení víchrica v Japonsku.Pošleme hľa Správy o našom výskum Na Slovensku.
Vyjadrujte potešením, že STROM Ginkgo v Kamakura, Japonsko, ožíva na časť kmeňa začali 2.4.2010 pučať Nové listy.Koreňová Pňov výmladnosť Ginkgo JE vysoká AJ na Slovensku, v meste Trenčín vyrástli v roku 2008 a 2009 Nové výhonky (10-20 cm), vhodné na odrezku vegetatívny Premnoženie (vok Ginkgo 90 rokov). Video na stránku je hodnotné!
What kind of methods are used in order to find out the age of Ginkgo biloba? The historical records about the tree planting, age estimation, Pressler screwer etc.
Fascinating story of reverence for a tree. Thanks to Pavel for the assessment.
Does anyone have access to hi-res pictures of the fallen tree? I will pay for good ones of the stump sprouts, and the fenced-off fallen tree.
Whenever we visited Kamakura, we made a special effort to observe the renowned Hachiman Ginkgo.
During the five years that I taught at Yokohama International School, my awareness of the uniqueness of the trunk of the tree grew. One day as I was studying it's sinuous character, I realized that the outer trunk was composed entirely of chi chi which had grown down the original trunk and had grown into a second outer trunk. The aerial growths had, over the centuries, fused together and, once they reached the ground, became roots, giving an additional support to the ancient tree. In photographs, one can see a few places where the descending chi chi had not quite completely covered the original trunk. I always wanted to generate a clone of the tree but, recognizing it as a sacred tree of the shrine, I did not want to commit the offense of procuring cuttings. Is anyone aware of a source of scions or rooted cuttings of this historic tree? After I learned of its demise, I E-mailed Porfessor Chikayasu Hamano of Tokyo University of Agriculture in an effort to acquire cuttings or propagules of the amazing Hachiman Ginkgo.
I have no doubt that it's long- term life will be extended into future centuries through propagation strategies that are being undertaken.
I sure would like a copy of my old Ginkgo Friend.


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11 great chrome extensions for students
Image: Mashable composite; Pocket, JustRead, Grammarly, Screencastify, Dayboard, InsertLearning, Hypothesis
By Sarah Lindenfeld Hall 2021-01-14 10:05:00 UTC
In a student's tech toolbox, Chrome extensions can be an invaluable player — expanding the capabilities of their browser to do everything from check their grammar to keep distractions at bay.
Here are some expert-recommended Chrome extensions for students.
RescueTime, also a great app for iOS and Android, tells students exactly how much time they're spending in the active tab or window of Chrome or a ChromeOS device. It categorizes the sites they visit and rates them from very productive to very distracting. "It tracks what you're doing, and it will block sites that you don't want to access, so it won't distract you," said Christine Elgersma, a former teacher and senior editor of social media and learning resources at Common Sense Media, which has rated Chrome extensions for students.
Work Mode
If your child has a hard time staying off social media when they should be studying, Work Mode might be an answer. This one blocks all social media, Elgersma said. So, no more mindless scrolling on Instagram during their virtual English class.
DayBoard
DayBoard, a new tab and website blocker, lets students key in their priorities for the day and makes it more difficult to procrastinate. "You can create your own five item to-do list for the day," Elgersma said. "Every time you open your tab, it will remind you … you're opening Facebook, here are the things you wanted to do." And then, hopefully, they'll get back on track.
Screencastify is popular with teachers, but it can be helpful for students too, Elgersma said. Older students, especially, who often are assigned presentations will find it handy. With it, students can record their screen, face and voice and do things like narrate slideshows, give a speech or dub a video.
Just Read
Just Read, a reader viewer, gets rid of ads, pop-ups and comments from web pages, so when a student has to do some research, they won't get sidetracked by clickbait. "This will strip all that business out, so it will be less distracting to be online," Elgersma said.
A powerhouse extension that's useful for anybody who writes, Grammarly checks spelling and grammar so that essays and assignments are polished when they're turned in. It also helps catch the mistakes commonly made in English by speakers of other languages, including Spanish, French, German and Italian.
InsertLearning
Teachers often use InsertLearning to add questions or notes for students on a website. But it's also a great extension for students, Elgersma said. "Kids can use it on web pages to make them more interactive," she said. When they're working on a project, for example, they can add annotations and digital sticky notes on web pages as they do their research.
Save to Pocket bookmarks content and can be an essential tool for students who are working on a project and attempting to catalog research and content they've found online. With Pocket, they can store it all in one place, tag it based on the topic and read later.
"If a student is collecting information about a topic, he, she, they can easily just mark it in their Pocket and they also can share it easily out of the Pocket," said Todd Cherner, director of the master of arts in educational innovation, technology and entrepreneurship at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and co-founder of App Ed Review, which reviews apps for educators.
Hypothesis lets users annotate and highlight information on web pages for their own private use, to share with a study group or post publicly. It's popular with teachers, but students can use it too. "If I was limited to very few pieces of edtech, Hypothesis would make my short list," Cherner said. "I've had great success with it on 98% of the websites that I've tried to use it with. It's a nice tool."
StayFocusd
StayFocusd is another productivity extension that blocks the websites that make it easy for students to waste time. "It's really customizable," said Ashley Morris, a former teacher and long-time math tutor. "You can pick a time it locks stuff down or have it lock down certain websites." So, if Twitter is the problem, a student can tell StayFocusd to turn off the app while it's time to study.
When students encounter a word they don't understand online, with Google Dictionary, they can just double click the word and a pop-up bubble will appear with the definition. It saves students from opening another tab to get the definition (and the potential to go down a rabbit hole). It also supports languages beyond English, including French, German, Italian and Spanish.
Noisli
For kids who get distracted easily by noises, especially those around the house as they're trying to do their virtual schoolwork, Noisli offers a solution. They can choose from a variety of background sounds that will help them stay focused.
Some apps offer similar capabilities, but Chrome extensions come with a big benefit — they don't typically embed ads like some apps. Still, parents and students should pay attention to an extension's privacy policies, especially the extensions that say they are tracking any tabs you open or requesting access to Gmail, Google Docs or other Google apps that you may want to keep private.
"See what they're actually tracking and what they are storing," Elgersma said. "If it's down to keystrokes, then it's probably not worth it. You don't want to trade too much privacy for blocking tabs or something."
WATCH: 10 ways to get the most out of your Google Drive ecosystem
Topics: Culture, education, work/life


FREE! | Live Cheap, Feel Rich!
What an awesome idea from AMC – couldn't be more perfect for a Halloween on a Saturday.
Click here to get a coupon for 10/31/15 only. Here's the deal: when you buy an adult ticket to Goosebumps or Hotel Transylvania 2 at the box office, you get one children's ticket for free!
Sounds like an awesome family day before trick or treating to me!
Get the Nightmare Before Christmas soundtrack for FREE with a FREE 30 day trial of Groove Music Pass via Microsoft.
Sounds like the perfect mood music for any Halloween party.
Have a spooktacular weekend, everyone!
In honor of #NationalCatDay, enjoy a free sample of Fancy Feast's Purely Fancy Feast. Fancy Feast's new product promises to be purely delicious and purely natural.
Each entree is a complete and balanced dish for adult cats, prepared with savory cuts of real seafood, beef, or chicken – never any by-products or fillers.
It's so important what we feed our pets if you want them to have a long-lasting happy life! Try this one out and let us know what you think.
What is a Beard Wipe you ask? Me too. Had to check this out and do my due diligence – but this is such an awesome idea for anyone out there who has, is married to, or has given birth to someone with a beard!
Zeke's Beard Wipes is giving out free wipes – they are a MOBILE BEARD BATH (marketing genius) and are made with jojoba oil, coconut oil, and argan oil to keep you feeling fresh and moisturized. They sold out of their 1000 free samples so fast, but are so eager to get people trying that they are continuing their promotion so long as you cover the shipping cost. When you do, they'll include a discount code with your beard wipe to reimburse you for this shipping cost for your next order at ZekesBeardWipes.com.
They promise to turn your beard into "something magnificent" – give it a shot people, I think they're on to something.
The World Series are officially off to a start!
In Game 1 of the World Series, Lorenzo Cain stole a base. But really, he stole A.M. Crunchwraps for all of America. Because of this stolen base, you can run into Taco Bell on Thursday, November 5 between 7-11 am to score your free A.M. Crunchwrap.
Is it any coincidence that #NationalChocolateDay falls during Halloween week? Probably not, and I am certainly not upset about it. In fact, I think my family and I will be celebrating aaaaall week long.
Godiva has a chocolate rewards club that gets you a FREE piece of chocolate every month – in addition to a FREE reward every time you spend $20. In addition to this, in honor of Halloween and #NationalChocolateDay, they are offering 15% off of all dark chocolate purchases $65 or more. Not too shabby!
Ghirardelli allows you to take advantage of a FREE hot chocolate any time you order ANYTHING online. Additionally, all Halloween treats are 20% off.
Lindt has a rewards program much like Godiva – you should certainly sign up for it. You get 25 points just for enrolling, and then 1 point for every dollar you spend. After you reach 100 points, you get a chocolate reward! Additionally, now through tomorrow, everything is 25% off – so get to it while you can!
Lastly, Russell Stover also has a rewards program. You'll get a FREE gift after spending $10, and anybody can get a 20% off coupon just by signing up for emails. Join!
Anyways – lots of opportunities here, people! Get your chocolate on!
For those of you who don't know what Angie's list is, it's a way to gain access to local reviews for high quality service companies and health care professionals.
In general, this is just such a comprehensive and TRUE way to assess a company's services. Prices of admission to Angie's List generally start at $3.25/month for one list (either Angie's List or the newer Angie's Health & Wellness list) plus a $5 startup fee. You can also choose a yearly plan that waives the fee.
You'll be able to read reviews of home service professionals, get exclusive discounts from top-rated businesses, and receive a subscription to the award-winning Angie's List Magazine. Enjoy!


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12 Guitars Official Rules
State Admits Problems with Covid-19 Report System
The Kern County Public Health Department admits the State Health Department's technical issue is causing a lagThis lag is directly impacting Covid-19 reporting
Statement from Kern Public Health
BAKERSFIELD, Calif. (August 5, 2020) There is currently a technical issue with the California Department of Public Health's (CDPH) electronic disease reporting system. The California Reportable Disease Information Exchange (CalREDIE) is experiencing delays.
Electronic laboratory reporting is not being submitted to CalREDIE's system in a real-time manner. Therefore the State has not completely reported all of Kern County's cases.
"It remains critical that residents continue to practice healthy habits that include physical distancing, hand-washing and wearing face coverings when in public," says Matt Constantine, Director of Kern County Public Health Services Department. "We must use all the preventative measures available to combat this disease."
CDPH informed public health departments of the technical issues in an e-mail on Friday (Aug. 1). Yesterday, CDPH stated they are committed to resolving the issue as quickly as possible and has "urgently escalated this issue to leadership."
The delay impacts how public health workers can identify cases for investigation, contact tracing and, ultimately, controlling the disease. The county's testing positivity rate and case rate is also impacted by the delay.
Hospitalization and death rates are not impacted as they are reported directly to the county through different systems. A total of 152 Kern County residents have succumbed to COVID-19 and roughly 258 COVID patients are currently being cared for in Kern County hospitals. More than 21,433 Kern County residents have tested positive for the virus.
"We're hopeful this technical issue will be resolved quickly so we can continue our fight to protect our county residents," Constantine said.
Residents who have recently tested positive for COVID-19 are encouraged to visit kernpublichealth.com and go to the COVID-19 webpage to complete a self-reporting form.
KUZZ "Live" with Brent Michaels


There's only 3 days left in the competition so please make sure that you have everything ready for submission. The last day to submit your projects will be May 15, 2015 (5pm EST). After the submission dealine, we will be taking the next few weeks off in order to review each project. Winners will be announced on June 16th (2PM EST) so stay tuned and make sure to follow @Uber_API for updates.
To review the full submission instructions, please click here.
You may send the Sponsor a beta test via Crashalytics. Use the Sponsor's testing email (hackathon@uber.com) and UDID's to provision a build and send the Sponsor a link via the "Share Links" button. Add the testing link to the Enter a Submission form under "iOS Build Link". Beta by Crashalytics is a free service. Please review thehow-to for their Beta Distribution tool.
Enter the Sponsor's email address to share a build for testing. The Sponsor's TestFlight account email is:hackathon@uber.com Please note that if you add the Sponsor as an "External Tester" your Application will need to go through Beta App Review before you can send your build. This could lead to delay and in order for your Submission to be eligible, you must send your test build before the end of the Challenge Submission Period. To learn more about TestFlight via iTunes Connect, please review the iTunes Connect Developer Guide and the TestFlight Video Tutorial.
Send a testing link to the Sponsor at:hackathon@uber.com and add the testing link on the Enter a Submission form under "iOS Build Link". Please note that there is afee to use HockeyApp.


Desigual and their excellent headquarters in Barcelona generously hosted the ECR Group on Feb 8th and 9th 2017. The agenda included a visit to the Desigual Distribution centre, followed by store visits and then a network dinner. The second day started with a lively discussion on the IOT from Oliver Wyman, followed by a case study and then a round table discussion on the use of Video: how do retailers build a business case to transform a disconnected CCTV analogue system to an enterprise IP Video network? What are the value drivers? How do you measure staff safety? In a later session, ECR Italy shared their out of stock study, bringing a fresh dimension to OOS studies by putting a measure on 'customer frustration'. Final sessions provided updates on ECR research projects including inventory accuracy. risk amplification and total retail loss.


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category : AP-World
tagline: ""
tags : [unit 1, notes, homework]
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{% include JB/setup %}

Complete notes over the chapters.

<!--more-->
## Pages 1 - 14

**Turned into box**

## Pages 15 - 28

- Most Neolithic hunting groups only had 40 to 60 members.
- Agriculture changed the constraints of communities.
- Slash and burn agriculture is where they would burn trees in an area and farm until the soil was depleted and then finding a new area. Humans have only stopped doing this about a 150 years ago.
- The advantages of having major permanent settlements were houses built to last, water, and better improvements.
- Irrigation was key to farming.
- Trade with nearby hunters was to more so establish peace than to further economic gain.
- Larger cities tend to rule over the smaller cities.
- There is a difference between agricultural society and civilization.
- Around 3500 B.C.E. the first civilization appeared in the middle east.
- In the next thousand years other started springing up too.
- A civilization is a society with enough surplus to form divisions of labor.
- Cuneiform was the first form of developed writing.
- This allowed them to organize political structures, send messages, keep records, tax more efficiency, and make contracts.
- Only a minority of people were actually literate.
- People in civilizations looked down on people not in civilizations.
- The Greeks called them "barbarians".
- Civilizations also have cons like social structures (i.e. slavery).
- Civilizations generated intellectual ability and artists while nomads couldn't.
- The greatest achievements of early civilizations were writing, formal code of law, city planning, architecture, institutions of trade, and money.
- One of the first civilizations called Mesopotamia was settled in the Tigris and Euphrates river banks.
- By 4000 BC they were familiar with Bronze and Copper and had already invented the wheel.
- The Sumerians, who had recently invaded the area invented the first alphabet known as cuneiform.
- Only few knew it.
- The Sumerians came up with a number system based on 10, 60, and 360 noscope mlg faze
- Egypt was founded along the Nile River and was less prone to invasions.
- The Pharaoh of Egypt was their king and had a lot of power.
- Hammurabi's Law Code is equal punishment. You kill somebody you get killed.
- Egypt lasted until about 1000 BCE
- Other civilizations popped up along other rivers.
- Technology advanced as they started using coal and iron around 1000 BCE.
- Early civilizations both separated and integrated key groups of people.
- Separate languages and cultures started to form.
- Humans are at every corner of the globe, separated.
- Each civilization had their own approach to foreign policy.

## Pages 32 - 54

- The formations of China, India, the Mediterranean, and the Middle East are four large regional civilizations.
- In these areas they had the largest concentration of population.
- These civilizations still had connections with nomadic groups, especially for trading.
- Most civilizations did not have borders and developed separately.
- Alexander the Great created a short-lived empire that ranged from the Mediterranean into northwestern India.
- It combined both cultures which is called syncretism.
- At around 1000 BCE, the civilizations were a lot bigger than the earlier river valley ones.
- Trade links emerged and new services were made such as canals in China or the postal service in Persia.
- There was also a lot of technological change.
- Empires declined and some collapsed.
- The Han dynasty of China, the Gupta in India, and the Roman Empire collapsed around 500 C.E.
- The difference in attitudes and cultures can be traced bake to classical civilizations.
- Each civilization became more diverse with specific crops for that ecological region.
- Each had its own culture with social structures and other policies.
- Civilizations would conquer other civilizations and create large empires.
- Ancient China offered abundant options for talented political advisors.
- China had rival states operated by nomadic people.
- Confucius undertook a lifelong quest to become the chief advisor to a ruler who possessed the vision and skills to restore centralized control, peace and order in China.
- Confucius' political and social policies became a basic foundation to China, even to this day.
- Confucius advocated rule by a highly educated, exclusively male elite.
- More ethical than religious system.
- Stress for respect for elders and male authority.
- Confucius never found the ideal monarch or a suitable post, his students taught his ideas.
- Rivals of Confucianism is Legalism, Daoism, and Buddhism.
- It is still a major cultural force today.
- In 221 BCE Shi Huangdi's Qin empire had defeated rivals and founded a new dynasty.
- Shi Huangdi was a tyrant.
- Two peasants who started a revolt and overthrew the dynasty at around 207 BCE, and created the Han empire.
- The Han empire lasted 400 years.
- The Han leaders led the most effective bureaucracy.
- Developed a "Chinese" identity.
- Its isolation from other cultures allowed them to gain identity.
- Declining of dynasties didn't cause chaos like in India.
- Every feature is balanced by an opposite, yin and yang.
- An individual should seek a way, called Dao, to relate to this harmony.
- The Zhou dynasty featured decentralized politics but important cultural innovations.
- Later dynasties emphasized order and centralization.
- China is the most connected to its past in today's society.
- A family of kings, called a dynasty would start its rule of China.
- This lasted to the early 20th century.
- A dynasty would fade with tax revenue.
- Another dynasty would rise after this or invasion.
- The three dynastic cycles of classical China are the Zhou, the Qin, and the Han.
- The Zhou dynasty lasted from 1029 to 258 BCE
- It flourished only till about 700 BCE
- The Zhou did not establish a powerful government.
- Ruling came from alliances with regional princes and nobile families.
- Came in from the north and displaced the Shang.
- Agricultural Kingdoms
- Rulers couldn't control their territory directly.
- Land in exchange for tax and military troops.
- Feudal Period.
- Extended territory of China.
- Asserted that heaven had transferred its mandate to rule China to the Zhou emperors.
- Mandate of Heaven.
- Created greater cultural unity.
- Regional rulers formed independent armies, reducing emperors to only a figurehead.
- Between 402 and 201 BCE was a period known as warring states.
- Zhou system disintegrated.
- In a span of 35 years a regional ruler set up the Qin Empire.
- The emperor, Shi Huangdi was a brutal ruler.
- Understood the problems in regional aristocrats, and worked hard to undo the force.
- Powerful armies crushed regional resistance.
- Extended Chinese territory and political control to south, present day Hong Kong.
- In North to protect from invaders, the Great wall was built.
- The Great Wall spans 3000 miles.
- Largest construction project in human history.
- Built by forced labor.
- Shi Huangdi ordered a nation census.
- Standardized units.
- The Qin dynasty was short lived.
- Attacks on intellectuals and high taxs to support military.
- At emperor's death, peasants revolted and started a new empire.
- Han empire formed and lasted 400 years to 220 CE
- Sought to reduce brutal repression of Qin empire.
- Empanded territory more.
- Trade contracts.
- The most famous ruler, Wu Ti enforced peace.
- Peace brought prosperity.
- Self satisfied tone.
- Confucianism.
- Decline was because of central control weakened, invasions from central Asia, and nomads called the Huns.
- Between 220 and 589 CE China was in chaos.
- Qin dynasty stressed central authority.
- Han expanded the powers of bureaucracy.
- Largest political system in the classical world.
- Rulers in the Zhou dynasty maintained belief in a god or gods, little attention to nature.
- Confucianists did not explicitly seek popular loyalty.
- Mostly accepted by the upper class.
- Daoism was a more elaborate spirituality.
- True human understanding comes in withdrawing from the world and contemplating this life form.
- Dao means "the way of nature"
- China's economy featured extensive internal trade and important technological innovations.
- China's family system stressed a rigid patriarchy.
- Chinese civilization coordinated many aspects of politics and culture, a key reason that emperors ultimately encourages Confucianism
- Even family structures were closely related to larger institutions and values.

## Pages 56 - 74

- Indian civilization was deeply influenced by geography and climate.
- Centuries of Aryan invasion and consolidation laid the foundation of classical Indian civilization.
- India is separated from Asia by the Himalayas.
- Sumer in India brings large rains called monsoons that are crucial for farming.
- Buddha started Buddhism in India.
- During the Vedic and Epic ages, the Aryan migrants had impacts on culture and social structure.
- Alexander the Great invaded India and made contacts with Hellenistic culture.
- Sanskrit was the first literary language of the Aryans.
- They had sacred books called Vedas.
- Rig-Veda, Mahabharata, Ramayana, and Upanishads were the Vedas
- Varnas was Aryan social classes.
- The bottom class was untouchables.
- Untouchables were 5th class.
- Untouchables were confined to only a few nasty jobs.
- Born into caste.
- Untouchables would transport dead bodies.
- It was believed untouchables would defile anybody from a higher class.
- Indra god of thunder was also god of strength.
- Two major empires united large parts of India at crucial periods in classical Indian history.
- A young soldier named Chandragupta Maurya seized power along Ganges River.
- First Mauryan dynasty ruler.
- First rules to unify much of India.
- His grandson was Ashoka.
- Even greater figure in India's history.
- First served as governor of two providences.
- Converted to Buddhism, seeing in the belief in dharma.
- Dharma is law of moral consequences.
- After Ashoka empire started to fall apart.
- New invaders were the Kushans
- Kushans pushed into central India from the northwest,
- Kushan king converted to Buddhism.
- Hurt religion's popularity by associating it with foreign rules.
- The Kushan state collapsed in 220 CE.
- Guptas established a large empire starting 320 CE.
- Negotiate with local princes.
- This expanded influence without fighting.
- Political stability.
- Not as large of territory as Mauryans did.
- Overturned in 545 CE by nomads called the Huns.
- Network of smaller kingdoms after.
- Not really instability.
- Local and regional governments dominated in India, which places less emphasis on politics than other early civilizations.
- Hinduism and Buddhism were the religions of classical India.
- Under the influence of these religious traditions, distinctively Indian arts and sciences developed.
- Because of its extensive trade, India's artistic and cultural influence reached many parts of the ancient world.
- The caste system structured India's social frameowork.
- India developed extensive internal and maritime trade.
- Family life combined patriarchy with an emphasis on affection.
- China and India offer important contrasts in political emphases, social systems, and cultures.
- They shared features resulting from the integration of large territories and the use of culture to justify social inequality.

## Pages 76 - 86

- In 490 BCE the Greeks defeated a huge Persian army.
- Fear of the Persians were strong.
- A Greek soldier named Pheidippides ran 26 miles to bring the word to Athens.
- After delivering it he collapsed and died.
- The Greeks' had a powerful devotion to the public good of the cities they loved.
- The Persian invasion of Greece began as a punishment for the revolt of several Greek city-states against Persia.
- Persia developed a major empire and cultural tradition. Greek culture reached its height during the 5th century BCE; its influence spread through the empire of Alexander the Great.
- Rome was deeply influenced by Greek tradition as it developed its Republic and its Empire. Greece and Rome were ruled by aristocrats but also introduced some democratic elements.
- The Roman Empire encompassed a huge territory and population.
- Cyrus the Great established a massive Persian Empire.
- Persians developed the religion of Zoroastrianism.
- The Greek City-States developed the Olympic Games.
- Pericles was a famous Greek political figure.
- Peloponnesian Wars was when Sparta and Athens vied for control.
- Phillip II of Macedon conquered the cities.
- During the Hellenistic period, art and culture merged with each other.
- Trade flourished.
- Little political activity.
- Alexandria was in Egypt.
- The Roman republic gradually extended influence around the Italian peninsula.
- Roman conquest was widespread during the Punic Wars.
- Rome fought the Phoenician city of Carthage.
- Carthage general Hannibal was defeated.
- The Romans spread salt around Carthage to prevent agriculture from growing.
- I guess you could say that….they were salty ayyyy.
- Julius Caesar wan the Civil war between two leaders.
- Augustus Caesar seized power in 27 BCE.
- He established basic structure of Roman Empire.
- Peace and prosperity to entire Mediterranean world.
- Conquered France and southern Brittan
- Slow and decisive fall lasted 250 years.
- Invading people from north overtook government in Rome in 476 CE.
- Emperors Diocletian and Constantine tried to reverse falling.
- Constantine in 313 adopted Christianity in an attempt to unite empire.
- The word for politics comes from the Greek word for city-state polis.
- Direct Democracy was created by Greece where people voted directly for laws.
- The most important legislative body was the Senate in Rome.
- It was composed of Aristocrats.
- Two consuls shared primary executive power.
- Senate could choose dictator in times of crisis.
Each classical civilization emphasized a clear social hierarchy, with substantial distance between elites and the majority of people who did the manual and mental work.

## Pages 87 - 95

- Greece and Rome did not generate a major religion.
- Philosophy, science, and art were the most durable elements of classical Mediterranean culture.
- Greek and Roman economies were based on commercial agriculture, trade, and slavery.
- The two societies developed somewhat different versions of the patriarchal family.
- Rome began to decline after about 180 CE
- It lost territory and suffered economic rivals.
- The later Roman Empire was periodically invaded and finally collapsed.
- Aristotle was a famous Greek philosopher.
- Stoics emphasized a moral independence.
- In Athens, Socrates encouraged his pupils to question conventional wisdom.
- "improvement of the soul"
- The Athenian government thought he was undermining political loyalty.
- Socrates was give the options of suicide or exile, he chose the first.
- Trade begins to develop rapidly
- Strong culture emerges, including a rich written language derived from the Phoenician alphabet.
- Formed the Olympic Games
- Sparta and Athens become two leading city-states
- Sparta and Athens cooperate to defeat the huge Persian invasion.
- Highest points 550 - 449 BCE
- Pericles becomes the most famous political figure in Greece- dominates Athenian politics.
- Plato suggested that human reason could approach an absolute True, Good, and Beauty - which characterized nature.
- The Greeks had a interest in rationality.
- Sophocles was a dramatist.
- There are three types of Greek columns; Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian.
- They had a concept of afterlife
Classic Greek society had a huge impact.

## Pages 98 - 105

- All the classical civilizations involved territorial expansion and related efforts to integrate the new territories.
- Significant civilizations developed in the Americas and Africa outside the immediate classical orbit.
- Nomadic societies played a vital role, particularly in central Asia, in linking and occasionally disrupting classical civilizations.
- The kingdom of Kush was defeated by a rival kingdom called Axum by about 300 BCE.
- Axum fell to Ethiopia.
- The Sahara was less arid than it is today.
- The Silk Road ranched from Europe to China.
- Shintoism was Japan's religion.
- It had a important god of rice.
- The Olmec culture had impressive achievements.
- Teotihuacan was a center of trade and worship.
- Maya was an American civilization.
- The Inca came later.
Polynesian people had reached Fiji and Samoa by 1000 BCE

## Pages 105 - 119

- There was a decline in China and India.
- A combination of internal weakness and Invasions led to important changes, first in China, then in India.
- The Yellow Turbans were a group of Daoist leaders.
- The Sui dynasty had a brief rule.
- Tang had one of the most glorious periods in Chinese history.
- Rajput controlled small states.
- The Middle eastern region of Islam became a thing at about 600 CE
- Allah is their god.
- Decline in Rome was complex, involving a mix of internal and external factors.
- The eastern and western portions of the empire developed differently after the fall of Rome.
- The eastern part later became the Byzantine Empire.
- Justinian tried to recapture Rome.
- Augustine was a bishop in northern Africa.
- The Coptic church in Egypt was big.
- The period of classical decline saw the rapid expansion of Buddhism and Christianity.
- Religious change had wider cultural, social, and political implications.
- Bodhisattvas - people could obtain nirvana through meditation.
- The east Asian form of Buddhism was called Mahayana
- Paul was not a disciple, but an early convert.
Benedict rule in Itally.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: SQL Server table with 1.2 million rows and 400+ columns very slow even on simple count(*) I use SQL Server 2008 R2 and have a table copied from a DB2 table. I'm aware that the amount of rows is not normal, but this is historical and I can't do anything about that at the moment.
But a simple count of rows takes more than 2 minutes. The table consists of 3 columns with indexed customer ids then rest is fields with decimal numbers.
A search like this:
select
    AD_ARBNUM, AD_SHBETSA, AD_AMBIDSHBETSA,AD_ASKATSHBETSA
from
    lmoko
where
    AD_SHBETSA + AD_AMBIDSHBETSA + AD_ASKATSHBETSA < 0

where AD_ARBNUM is indexed and the rest is decimal takes 3+ minutes.
If run in DB2 the same query is run under 20 sec. (I do not know about indexing on the DB2 part)
Any suggestions to speed up performance here?

A: That WHERE clause is adding three different columns together and then comparing them to a value. In order to do that SQL SErver has to scan the entire table. Any kind of function against a column like this will lead to scans against the table. As the table grows, the queries will just get slower & slower.
You can create a computed column. Assuming you're running 2005 or better you can also put an index on that column.

A: (My answer fleshes out the first few comments, just to provide details and some context.)
SQL indexes are used to "look up" specific values. With an index on AD_ARBUM, SQL will find all rows with a specifc value (say, 12) in just about no time (unless, of course, half the table's rows are set to 12, in which case you'll have to read half the table). Your query filter is based on a formula based on several columns, none of which are indexed, so all those columns--across all 1.2 millions rows--will need to be read, to evaluate which to include and which not. If you built an index across all three of your formula columns
(AD_SHBETSA, AD_AMBIDSHBETSA, AD_ASKATSHBETSA), it would still have to do the same mathematical formula on each. If you built an index on the formula itself
CREATE nonclustered INDEX IX_lmoko__ThreeColumnFormula
 on lmokok (AD_SHBETSA + AD_AMBIDSHBETSA + AD_ASKATSHBETSA

then SQL could search and filter based on the value you care about, and should be much faster (presuming, of course, that you don't end up returning all the rows after all.) The downside of having such an index is that you have to maintain the index; it will take up space, it can slow down inserts and updates, and if it's only used for a query you run once a month (as opposed to once a minute) that cost to performance and resources might be too high.
Also, as pointed out, there might be other factors involved, from poor hardware to resource contention to overall space (how wide is a row? How many columns are actually involved? Are those numeric values, or does SQL have to convert from strings?  Lots of potential gotchas we can't know about without looking the system over)

A: if you are just worried about the count, you can run:
SELECT SUM (row_count)
FROM sys.dm_db_partition_stats
WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID('lmoko ') AND (index_id=0 or index_id=1);

also, there are things you can you with your table besides indexes, like creating partitions to store old data for example.


It contains details of my 11 published works on Acupuncture, Acupressure, Reflextherapy, The Chakra Energy System, Dowsing and Healing plus 3 clinical posters – 'Healing with the Chakra Energy System', 'Light Touch Reflextherapy' and 'The Holistic Spine'. There are also several pdf downloads for sale.
I have given experiential workshops in Touch Therapy and Healing for over 40 years. My orthodox medical background coupled with my comprehensive knowledge of complementary therapies means that the delegate is assured of definitive authoritative practical teaching. To my knowledge no one else teaches the chakra energy system with bodywork or acupuncture in such a down to earth and comprehensive manner. I attempted to take the mystique out of this esoteric energy system. I have been called a 'world authority' by my peers. My workshops profoundly change peoples attitudes to dis-ease and what may be accomplished with bodywork and acupuncture for the well being of patients/clients. It is a real honour and privilege to be able to impart my knowledge to others. If you want me to give a workshop in your area, please contact me, a free place beckons.
I also run an advisory service for all practitioners who need help through email where I answer questions on acupressure and reflexology.
John R. Cross FCSP; Dr.Ac.


This event is a fantastic opportunity to see conductor Duncan Ward alongside the charismatic cellist Leonard Elschenbroich performing Elgar's Cello Concerto.
The concert will include a free pre-concert talk with Duncan Ward (Conductor) and Simon Webb (General Manager, BBC Philharmonic) at 6.30pm.
If you would like to watch the BBC Philharmonic Orchestra perform at Kendal Leisure Centre, tickets can be purchased online.


text:
The Express Tribune > Life & Style > Film
I've lost the will of going to Bollywood: Kubra Khan
Actor discusses her hesitations about working in India, upcoming projects and what sets her apart from the rest
By Ahmed Sarym
PHOTO: PUBLICITY
ISLAMABAD: British-Pakistani model-turned-actress Rabia Khan, better known as Kubra Khan is more than what meets the eye. She's the ebullient starlet who's also a Motor Engineer with specialisation in Formula One. Following her comeback of sorts, in no time at all, she's built a formidable position for herself in the entertainment scene. In the last two years, she's appeared in seven serials altogether, most of which have been with leading banners and were top-listing plays throughout their run on the small screens.
However, it wasn't her foray into television that introduced us to the fresh-faced starlet. In fact, it was long before, in Fizza Ali Meerza and Nabeel Qureshi's 2014 satire, Na Maloom Afraad (NMA), which saw Khan playing Mohsin Abbas Haider's love-interest and the saviour of three hooligans trying to better their lives ending up in much absurdly punishing situations; post which, she was nowhere to be found in local productions for over two years.
"NMA came as a surprise to me; I never thought that I would get into acting. At that point, it was a one-off for me. The same year, I got offered a movie, which we never made as the production house had its downfall," she told The Express Tribune as we caught up on what kept her away and more. "Things were going well though, but I wasn't too sure if acting was something I wanted to do. When I went back home after NMA, to London, I had a job there and I was happy. I had no intentions of coming here and staying."
Meanwhile, Khan did branch off to other avenues and starred in British film, The Conversations and Bollywood's Welcome to Karachi; refusing to feature in item numbers, intimate scenes and anti-Pakistan narratives, Kubra opted out of the latter. The seemingly Indo-Pak friendship venture turned into the complete opposite as a new writer came on-board midway, only to drastically change the Arshad Warsi-starrer's script.
"In no way would I ever defame my country; my blood is Pakistani. And why don't we add to our own industry? There's so much great work here. If you solidify your own ground, you don't have to go to somebody else," she commented with extreme patriotism, adding that she isn't aiming at securing roles elsewhere. "I'm still in touch with people, but I've lost the will of going there. Even recently, I had a great offer for a Netflix series from across the border and they wanted me to do the lead, but again, my character was of an Indian soldier, so I had to decline."
A fan of Bollywood music otherwise, Kubra reveals that films like Saba Qamar's Hindi Medium, with a substantial role for a Pakistani actor in India, appeal to her. Locally inclined, one wonders if she's simply stopped exploring external opportunities.
"There's no time now unfortunately," she responds. "The reason I got those films (The Conversations and Welcome to Karachi) was because I was in London at that time. Even now, when I go back, I resume my life there instantly. I get the same kind of work that I used to get. It's not that I've stopped looking, but I'm focusing on this (work in Pakistan) for now. Like they say, you shouldn't put your feet in two boats at the same time."
Rewinding a little to her two-year-long-sabbatical, Kubra says she didn't see it as a hiatus, but more of a termination from performing arts, until, of course, her television debut, Sang-e-Mar Mar came along. The serial, having an ensemble star cast of Nauman Ijaz, Sania Saeed and Mikaal Zulfiqar, highlighted the harsh realities of family annihilation in the conservative community of the Swat valley.
"Sang-e-Mar Mar changed everything for me. It made me realise how much I love doing this. My character, Shireen was quite similar to me, generally in her attitude to life. But the environment she had been in, the restrictions and the fact that I could project someone else's feelings was a very beautiful feeling," she said of her turning point. "Every single character I've done, has been different. And my mind changed because of Shireen; I fell in love with her."
Right after, Kubra went on to tackle spirituality and dealt with child abuse and rape, respectively with her serials, while also dabbling into comedy, and the theme of illegal-immigration in another. However, what saw a fleeting rise to her success was the recently-concluded, Alif Allah Aur Insaan that delved into multiple position issues. To her, TV is a reflection of society and hopes to shed light upon various affairs going forward as well.
"Whether we admit it or not, as actors, we have certain power to influence our audience and what they watch on TV, they reciprocate. Why not target issues that are happening around us to make their lives better? For instance, child abuse very much exists, but we don't talk about it," Khan observed, sharing that she's consciously encouraged pertinent debates. "Had we actually spoken about it, people would've known what's right and wrong. We deny the reality and I feel accepting is the first step to change."
Cinematically, this year, Kubra will have an integral supporting role in Air Force's Hamza Ali Abbasi, Hania Amir and Ahad Raza Mir-starrer, Parwaaz Hay Junoon, while she takes the lead in Jawani Phir Nahi Ani's second installment opposite Humayun Saeed. Returning to the local silver screens after nearly four years, Kubra feels that the industry has only evolved for the better.
"In the first Jawani Phir Nahi Ani movie also, Mehwish (Hayat)'s character was very important and even Sohai (Ali Abro)'s was very flamboyant and people remembered it. I'm not saying my character here is the biggest thing in the movie, but it has substance," Kubra assures of holding her own in a buddy-movie. "When she enters, everything revolves around her, including the male lead. It's pretty trendy. It won't be the same screen-time as Humayun's or Fahad Mustafa's, but whenever I am there, there will be some presence."
Steering the conversation to the industry dynamic, compared to her peers, Kubra's insight remains unparalleled; having begun her career with a leading modeling-agency in UK to bagging protagonist parts. She points out how work-ethic, punctuality and the clinched screenplays in particular, is how Pakistan differs, or perhaps lacks, from the British line. Has she been able to adapt the local culture? Apparently not, and for other reasons than professionalism, one discovers.
"I still don't know how the industry works. I have very few friends and the only thing I focus on, is my work and to learn. Fortunately or unfortunately, the industry isn't just 'acting', it's a lot more," she says of the baggage that comes with being a public figure in Pakistan. "It's a whole different ballgame of communication and contacts, and I'm the worst person to do that. I'm in introvert that way; I cannot go out at parties and socialise unless I know the people personally. I've realised that it's ok to not know the industry as long as you know where your call lies."
Introduced to a wide range of notables, how real is casting coach? "I don't think it exists. There's only so much you can get out of that," she replies with her principles in order. "I feel the industry is very respectful at large, people take you on-board because of your performances over anything else. At the end of the day, it's about your attitude and the amount of hard-work you're putting in, that's what gets you somewhere."
In her pursuit to finding and eventually, essaying meaningful characters, the only fright one would believe she would have is of over-exposure. Much to my surprise, unwanted glare isn't a concern; as Kubra is taking a breather, not to avoid being typecast a certain way or turn to exclusivity, but for her own stability. Mind you, whilst she finalises her next outing.
"As long as it's good work you know. One does become over-exposed and right now, I'm hibernating. I genuinely needed a break. More than anything, it's important for your sanity. When I was working back-to-back, I even worked 22-hours' day since two of my serials were clashing and they were two very different characters. It does affect the quality of your work as you've under-slept," Khan confesses on a parting note. "For now, I'm reading an MD Productions' serial, and I've shot for some campaigns, but I haven't made it as crazy for myself right now."
Have something to add to the story? Share it in the comments below.
Read more: Bollywood , Kubra Khan
Supermodel Omer Shahzad joins the cast of 'Jawani Phir Nahi Ani 2'
'JPNA 2', which is currently being shot in Turkey, will release worldwide on Eidul Azha 2018
'Baaghi' and 'Punjab Nahi Jaungi' stole the show at Lux Style Awards 2018
Here's who took home the trophy, for their respective categories
Lux Style Awards 2018: And the nominations are...
'Na Maloom Afraad 2' and 'Punjab Nahi Jaungi' are the top contenders
hasan ali
Feb 24, 2018 - 7:44PM
Stay and Pakistan and do wonders instead of going across the border.
No need to go to India.Recommend
She is damn greedy for Bollywood. She just can't hold herself from being classified as a Bollywood actressRecommend
Alien1
Feb 25, 2018 - 6:15AM
She should stick to lollywood she is not a bollywood material though.Recommend
Bunny Rabbit
Feb 25, 2018 - 12:24PM
good decision. look at fawad khan / mahira khan . sweety you are better off in home front . Recommend
YouTuber Shahmeer Abbas Shah responds to leaked intimate video
PM Imran pitches Pakistan's investment potential at Davos strategy dialogue
PML-N leader left fuming after Punjab food dept's flour gimmick
10-year-old boy sexually assaulted in Nowshera
No country can grow economically without peace and stability: PM Imran
PM Imran Khan meets CEO of SAP, stresses upon digitisation of govt initiatives
Twitter divided over decision to include TLP in 'Zindagi Tamasha' review
More in Film
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