text:
Comprehensive Women's Healthcare
Alan Cowen, MD, Kerry Neal, MD, Barbara Buckley, NP
NEW! Hormone Pellet Therapy
Hormone Quizzes
Adrenal Fatigue Quiz
Estrogen Dominance/Progesterone Deficiency Quiz
Female Hormone Imbalance (Low Estrogen) Quiz
Fertility Status Quiz
Low Testosterone Quiz
Low Thyroid Quiz
Menopause & Hormone Testing
Hormone Pellet Therapy
Perimenopause and Hormone Testing
Thyroid Conditions
3D/4D Ultrasound
Alan E Cowen, MD
Kerry D Neal, MD
Barbara A Buckley, NP
Margarita Menendez, APN
Office Policy
Obaid Rahman
What are common signs and symptoms of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)?
Common PCOS signs and symptoms include the following:
Irregular menstrual periods—Menstrual bleeding may be absent, heavy, or unpredictable.
Infertility—PCOS is one of the most common causes of female infertility.
Obesity—Up to 80% of women with PCOS are obese.
Excess hair growth on the face, chest, abdomen, or upper thighs—This condition, called hirsutism, affects more than 70% of women with PCOS.
Severe acne or acne that occurs after adolescence and does not respond to usual treatments
Patches of thickened, velvety, darkened skin called acanthosis nigricans
Multiple small cysts on the ovaries
Although the cause of PCOS is not known, it appears that PCOS may be related to many different factors working together. These factors include insulin resistance, increased levels of androgens, and an irregular menstrual cycle.
What is insulin resistance?
Insulin resistance is a condition in which the body's cells do not respond to the effects of insulin. When the body does not respond to insulin, the level of glucose in the blood increases. Higher than normal blood glucose levels may eventually lead to diabetes mellitus. Insulin resistance also may cause more insulin to be produced as the body tries to move glucose into cells. High insulin levels may cause the appetite to increase and lead to imbalances in other hormones. Insulin resistance also is associated with acanthosis nigricans.
What can high levels of androgens lead to?
When higher than normal levels of androgens are produced, the ovaries may be prevented from releasing an egg each month (a process called ovulation). High androgen levels also cause the unwanted hair growth and acne seen in many women with PCOS.
What can irregular menstrual periods lead to?
Irregular menstrual periods can lead to infertility and, in some women, the development of numerous small cysts on the ovaries.
What are the health risks for women with PCOS?
PCOS affects all areas of the body, not just the reproductive system. It increases a woman's risk of serious conditions that may have lifelong consequences.
Insulin resistance increases the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. Another condition that is associated with PCOS is metabolic syndrome. This syndrome contributes to both diabetes and heart disease.
Women with PCOS tend to have a condition called endometrial hyperplasia, in which the lining of the uterus (theendometrium) becomes too thick. This condition increases the risk of endometrial cancer.
Are treatments available for women with PCOS?
A variety of treatments are available to address the problems of PCOS. Treatment is tailored to each woman according to symptoms, other health problems, and whether she wants to become pregnant.
How can combination birth control pills be used to treat women with PCOS?
Combination birth control pills can be used for long-term treatment in women with PCOS who do not wish to become pregnant. Combination pills contain both estrogen and progestin. Birth control pills regulate the menstrual cycle and reduce hirsutism and acne by decreasing androgen levels. They also decrease the risk of endometrial cancer.
What effect can weight loss have on women with PCOS?
For overweight women, weight loss alone often regulates the menstrual cycle. Even a small weight loss of 10–15 pounds can be helpful in making menstrual periods more regular. Weight loss also has been found to improve cholesterol and insulin levels and relieve symptoms such as excess hair growth and acne.
How can insulin-sensitizing drugs help treat women with PCOS?
Insulin-sensitizing drugs used to treat diabetes frequently are used in the treatment of PCOS. These drugs help the body respond to insulin. In women with PCOS, they can help decrease androgen levels and improve ovulation. Restoring ovulation helps make menstrual periods regular and more predictable.
What can be done to increase the chances of pregnancy for women with PCOS?
Successful ovulation is the first step toward pregnancy. For overweight women, weight loss often accomplishes this goal. Medications also may be used to cause ovulation. Surgery on the ovaries has been used when other treatments do not work. However, the long-term effects of these procedures are not clear.
The American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. http://www.acog.org/Patients/FAQs/Polycystic-Ovary-Syndrome-PCOS
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Simon RWA Systeme has advanced it's actuator program with a new linear actuator. A new effectiveness combined with the common reliability, enables a quick and safely activation of smoke funnel openings in buildings. 750 N opening power by a current draw under 1,3 A guarantees an upper limit on effectiveness. Naturally the actuator is equipped with the recent shutoff technology and affords therewith also reliable ventilation technology in connection with high safety in fire case.


text:
package utask.commons.util;

import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;

import org.junit.Test;

import utask.testutil.SerializableTestClass;
import utask.testutil.TestUtil;

/**
 * Tests JSON Read and Write
 */
public class JsonUtilTest {

    private static final File SERIALIZATION_FILE = new File(TestUtil.getFilePathInSandboxFolder("serialize.json"));

    @Test
    public void serializeObjectToJsonFile_noExceptionThrown() throws IOException {
        SerializableTestClass serializableTestClass = new SerializableTestClass();
        serializableTestClass.setTestValues();

        JsonUtil.serializeObjectToJsonFile(SERIALIZATION_FILE, serializableTestClass);

        assertEquals(FileUtil.readFromFile(SERIALIZATION_FILE), SerializableTestClass.JSON_STRING_REPRESENTATION);
    }

    @Test
    public void deserializeObjectFromJsonFile_noExceptionThrown() throws IOException {
        FileUtil.writeToFile(SERIALIZATION_FILE, SerializableTestClass.JSON_STRING_REPRESENTATION);

        SerializableTestClass serializableTestClass = JsonUtil
                .deserializeObjectFromJsonFile(SERIALIZATION_FILE, SerializableTestClass.class);

        assertEquals(serializableTestClass.getName(), SerializableTestClass.getNameTestValue());
        assertEquals(serializableTestClass.getListOfLocalDateTimes(), SerializableTestClass.getListTestValues());
        assertEquals(serializableTestClass.getMapOfIntegerToString(), SerializableTestClass.getHashMapTestValues());
    }

    //TODO: @Test jsonUtil_readJsonStringToObjectInstance_correctObject()

    //TODO: @Test jsonUtil_writeThenReadObjectToJson_correctObject()
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Tag Archives: elderly care
After 2000, how far has Australia really progressed? The cabinet paper suggests not far at all | Instant News
December 31, 2020 NewsDesk
Twenty years has not been long enough for Australia to resolve the ongoing problems of elderly care, Indigenous reconciliation, or emissions trading.
Previously classified federal cabinet documents from 2000 show that John Howard's government is facing questions about the quality of the elderly care sector after the kerosene bath scandal in Melbourne.
Visions of family members shaking with shock and crying outside the Riverside nursing home, as news of residents being subjected to kerosene baths to cure a scabies outbreak, was broadcast across the country in early 2000.
Fast forward to 2020, and the Federal Government is awaiting the final report from its royal commission for the elderly care sector, which was called for after sickening allegations of mistreatment of vulnerable Australian elderly in nursing homes, expressed through the media and courage. from the reporter.
An interim report from the investigation – titled 'Neglect' – is made for calm reading, and has sparked one of the most passionate debates in Australian politics in 2020.
As the nation struggles with caring for the elderly, hundreds of thousands of people are also calling for reconciliation with Indigenous Australians.
Most spectacularly, the parade across the Sydney Harbor Bridge is a powerful statement before the Sydney Olympics.
Twenty years later, the Closing the Gap target shows limited progress in tackling inequality, and enshrining Indigenous voices in the constitution is stalled and contentious.
Emissions trading scheme marked in 2000
Twenty years ago, political tensions around controlling carbon emissions were identified. (Reuters)
The paper released by the National Archives also shows that the cabinet had early support for an emissions trading scheme (ETS) as a way of meeting international climate targets.
As a sign of what is to come, the paper offers hints from the industry portfolio that such a scheme could hit business hard.
However, reading the 20-year-old paper doesn't reveal that two decades of toxic bickering will produce the best way to tackle carbon emissions.
This has left the Australian political landscape littered with remnants of political careers from across the ideological spectrum.
You may be forgiven for wondering why on Earth this problem was not resolved two decades later.
John Howard, Peter Costello and Alexander Downer were senior members of government in 2000. (Alan Porritt: AAP images, photo files)
What does it say about the nation and its leaders that such important issues remain unresolved?
Cabinet historian Professor Chris Wallace argues that this has to do with the tone in the corridors of power, and how it resonates across the country.
"I think the big thing that was missing from national politics in the intervention period was politicians who understood the difference between strategy and tactics," he said.
"So a generation ago, we still had government and cabinet leaders who understood strategic policy making.
"I would say, now, we have degenerated into a purely tactical policy-making phase, and the reasons for this are a lack of historical perspective, the inability of politicians to see strategically what is needed in the long term, and to make the tactical steps necessary to get us there."
Hardly a shining support.
Scott Morrison pointed to then prime minister Malcolm Turnbull days before he took his job in 2018. (ABC News: Matt Roberts)
Former deputy prime minister and chief citizen John Anderson – though unwilling to join the current group of legislators at the same level – agrees with Dr Wallace that the last right policy debate in Australia comes as the country is considering the GST.
He sees fears that will only get worse, through polarizing discussions about things like Brexit and the Trump presidency abroad, and the fierce and scathing debates that are taking place on forums like social media.
"We have to be careful and understand that what is really happening, in my opinion, is that we are being divided, especially by the extremes at both ends of the political spectrum," he said.
"The vast majority of great Australians in the midst of watching this terrible war take place over their heads thinking, 'Wait a minute, what about us? What about the national interest?'
"Looks like there are some big challenges out there? Can you guys stop scoring? '"
Unfortunately, for students of history, it seems that unless something changes, things will stay the same.
2000cabinet paperClimate changecustomary affairselderly carejohn howardpoliticalReconciliation
Update to the COVID-19 Directive for 21 December 2020, South Australia | Instant News
Updates have been made to the Cross Border Travel Guide and Residential Elderly Care Facilities. This update will take effect at 12:01 am on Monday 21 December 2020.
The information in this update only highlights the main changes made to the Directions and does not reflect all requirements. Community members are encouraged to view the complete Guide for more information.
State Coordinator and Police Commissioner Grant Stevens has announced important updates for people who have traveled to South Australia from the High Community Transmission Zones (HCTZ) which is the Greater Sydney Territory of New South Wales (as defined by the Greater Sydney Commission Act 2015 NSW – excluding the North Coast Council local government territories); North Coast in New South Wales; The Central Coast local government area in New South Wales; and the local government area of the City of Wollongong in New South Wales. The relevant dates for this area are listed below.
For any person who has traveled to South Australia from the HCTZ on or after the relevant dates specified below; and arriving before 12.01 on Monday 21 December 2020, you do not need to self-quarantine but you must get a COVID-19 test within 24 hours; then day 5; and then the 12th day.
Anyone arriving in SA from HCTZ after 12:01 a.m. on Monday 21 December 2020 is required to self-quarantine for the remainder of the 14 day period starting on the last day the person is present at HCTZ and must also get a COVID-19 test immediately within 24 hours ; then day 5; and then the 12th day.
You can quarantine in a suitable location where you can be isolated. This requires total segregation from the rest of the household and if this is not suitable, accommodation can be made available in official hotels.
Everyone traveling from New South Wales should read the following information. Please note that the release below contains much of the same information with updated details for a holistic look.
Direction of Travel Cross-Border No 25
The changes are as follows:
Prohibited Locations is the territory of the North Coast Council local government in New South Wales.
The high community transmission zone consists of the following—
The Greater Sydney area in New South Wales, as defined by
Greater Sydney Commission Act 2015 (NSW) (excluding the North Coast Council local government territory);
the Central Coast local government territory in New South Wales;
the local government area of the City of Wollongong in New South Wales;
The arrival of the high community transmission zone meant someone—
who is physically present in the Greater Sydney Region of New South Wales, as defined by the Greater Sydney Commission Act 2015 (NSW) (excluding the local government territory of the Northern Beaches Council) on or after 11 December 2020;
who is physically present on the Central Coast local government territory of New South Wales on or after 20 December 2020;
who is physically present in the local government area of the City of Wollongong in New South Wales on or after 20 December 2020;
The following classes of people are excluded from the definition of the arrival of the high community transmission zone:
a person traveling in transit through Sydney Airport for no more than 2 hours, and wearing a face mask for the entire transit time; or
overseas arrivals who have completed 14 days of quarantine, traveled directly to Sydney Airport by vehicle, were physically present at Sydney Airport for no more than 2 hours, and wore face masks while they were at Sydney Airport.
It is prohibited to enter by people who have been present in restricted locations
A person who has been physically present at the restricted location at any time on or after the relevant date is prohibited from entering South Australia.
Instructions from authorized officers
If a person is physically present at a restricted location on or after the relevant date, is returned to South Australia prior to the commencement of this directive, upon their arrival in South Australia given specific directions regarding quarantine by authorized personnel, that person is to continue to comply with the specified directions, until further given further directions by the authorized officer.
Residential Elderly Care Facilities Directive No 20
Housing Elder Care Facility Directive No. 20 comes into effect at 12.01 on Monday 21 December 2020.
The main changes to the Residential Elderly Care Facility Directive are:
The Higher Community Transmission Zone extends to:
The Greater Sydney Area in New South Wales, as defined by the Greater Sydney Commission Act 2015 (NSW) (excluding the North Coast Council local government territory);
the local government area of the City of Wollongong in New South Wales.
People from this area are not allowed to enter the elderly care facilities.
Emergency Management Directive (Cross-Border Travel No 24) (COVID-19) 2020 has been revoked and replaced with Emergency Management Directive (Cross-Border Travel No 25) (COVID-19) 2020. Emergency Management (Residential Elderly Care Facility No 19) (COVID-19) -19) Directives have been revoked and replaced with Emergency Management Directives (Elderly Care Facility No 20) (COVID-19).
As previously stated, the above information only highlights key changes made to the Direction and does not reflect all requirements. Community members are encouraged to view the complete Guide for more information. Other requirements remain.
All available directions, frequently asked questions (FAQs), and other information can be found here: https://www.covid-19.sa.gov.au/emergency-declarations
If you need more information you can call the SA COVID-19 Information Line on 1800 253 787 between 9am and 5pm 7 days a week or go to the SA Health website at www.sahealth.sa.gov.au or www.sa.gov.au/covid-19
/ Public Release. Material in this public release comes from the original organization and may be point-in-time, edited for clarity, style and length. view more here.
AustraliaboardcommissioncommissionerCovid-19elderly careEmergency stategovernmentNew South WalesNSWPolicePublicSA HealthSAPOLSouth AustraliaSouth Australian PolicetoVehicleWollongong
Update to COVID-19 Direction 19 December 2020, South Australia | Instant News
Today's updates have been made to the Guidelines for Cross-Border Travel and Elderly Care in Housing.
On 18 December 2020, three COVID-19 Directives were updated in South Australia in response to the recent New South Wales COVID-19 outbreak. Today's updates have been made to the Guidelines for Cross-Border Travel and Elderly Care in Housing. This update provides changes to the previous date of '11 December' and replaces it with 'the relevant date'. This is to ensure that if there are further Community High Transmission Zones or Restricted Locations they are captured under this directive with test and quarantine requirements. Updates have also been made to the Guidelines for Cross-Border Travel clarifying quarantine requirements for travelers from the High Community Transmission Zone.
The Cross Border No 24 Direction will take effect from 5:20 p.m. on Saturday 19 December 2020.
Forbidden Locations has been added to Directions, these are the places in New South Wales designated by SA Health at the following website: www.sahealth.sa.gov.au/covidcontacttracing
Persons who have been physically present at Restricted Locations on the relevant date specified on the SA Health website are not permitted to enter South Australia (exceptions apply to Essential Traveler approved under Schedule 1, a person fleeing domestic violence or a person who moved to live in South Australia)
Persons (including children) physically present at the Restricted Locations on the relevant date specified on the SA Health website located in South Australia must carry out quarantine at the place designated by the official from the day of arrival. Caregivers of minors must also be quarantined.
The aforementioned persons must receive a 24-hour COVID-19 test, on the 5th and 12th day of arrival in South Australia.
At the time of publication SA Health had identified Prohibited Locations as: Avalon Bowlo (bowling club) and Avalon Beach RSL Club.
The High Community Transmission Zone has been added to the Direction, these are local and suburban government areas in New South Wales designated by SA Health as high community transmission zones on the following website: www.sahealth.sa.gov.au/covidcontacttracing
Persons physically present in the High Community Transmission Zone on the relevant date specified on the SA Health website must self-quarantine for 14 days, excluding the day of arrival in South Australia or if they have been present within the remaining 14 day period from the last day they are present in the zone. Exceptions apply to people traveling by vehicle through the Higher Community zone and not leaving the vehicle while in the zone and wearing a mask for the entire journey if using public transportation, or Important Travelers approved under Schedule 1.
The above mentioned persons must receive the COVID-19 test 24 hours, on the 5th day and on the 12th day after arriving in South Australia.
A person who is obliged to self-quarantine must travel to the place of quarantine in the most direct and practical manner, reside and remain there during the self-quarantine period and remain separate from others. They must remain in place unless they receive medical care and / or supplies, COVID-19 testing, emergency situations or other reasons as determined by the Country Coordinator. The person must take all reasonable steps to ensure that no one else enters the premises unless the other person is also self-quarantining, submitting emergency applications, providing / receiving treatment or they normally live in the premises. If self-quarantine is a short-term accommodation facility, they must inform the operator that they are self-quarantining.
At the time of publication SA Health had identified the High Community Transmission Zone as: Northern Beaches Council and the suburbs of Penrith and Lavender Bay.
Important Tourist is available to those arriving from overseas, Restricted Locations, and High Community Transmission Zones only. All Essential Travelers must register via the Cross Border Travel Registration and must be approved before entering South Australia. https://www.police.sa.gov.au/online-services/cross-border-travel-application
If someone is no longer an Essential Traveler, they must complete the remaining quarantine period.
The Essential Traveler category remains largely unchanged but has been updated to include compassionate reasons with the prior approval of SA Health, specialist workers in key and passing sectors. For a complete list of categories and definitions, please see Schedule 1 of Transboundary Travel Direction No. 23.
Residential Elderly Care Facilities Directive No. 19 will take effect at 5:25 p.m. on Saturday 19 December 2020.
The only changes to the Residential Elderly Care Facility Directive are:
The inclusion of the High Community Transmission Zone which is a local government and suburban area in New South Wales designated by SA Health as a high community transmission zone on the following website: www.sahealth.sa.gov.au/covidcontacttracing
People from the High Community Transmission Zone are not allowed to enter the elderly care facilities.
Other requirements remain. The information above only highlights the key changes made to the Directions and does not reflect all requirements. Community members are encouraged to view the complete Guide for more information.
Emergency Management Directive (Cross-Border Travel No 23) (COVID-19) 2020 has been revoked and replaced with an Emergency Management Directive (Cross-Border Travel No 24) (COVID-19) 2020. Emergency Management (Residential Elderly Care Facility No 18) (COVID-19) -19) Directives have been revoked and replaced with Emergency Management Directives (Residential Elderly Care Facility No 19) (COVID-19).
AustraliaboardCovid-19Domestic violenceelderly careEmergency stategovernmentNew South WalesPolicePublicSA HealthSAPOLSouth AustraliaSouth Australian Policethe plaguetoVehicleviolencewebsite
The Socialist Equality Party (Australia) hosts an online health worker forum | Instant News
September 29, 2020 NewsDesk
The Socialist Equality Party (Australia) hosts an online health worker forum
The Socialist Equality Party (Australia) held a successful online forum on September 19 to discuss the COVID-19 pandemic, the crisis of capitalism and the way forward for healthcare workers. More than 50 people participated from across Australia, including nurses, doctors, elderly care workers and workers with disabilities.
The meeting comes as the Australian government, encouraged by corporate media, is stepping up their move towards a full "back to work", in defiance of expert medical advice and warnings from health workers that they are still not being provided with adequate personal protective equipment (PPE).
The number of health workers in Victoria, the national epicenter of Australia's COVID-19 infection, continues to rise. Health worker infections accounted for about 20 percent of new COVID-19 cases between July and August, with nearly half among elderly care employees.
The COVID-19 pandemic, the crisis of capitalism, and the way forward for healthcare workers
Gary Alvernia, a junior physician, member of the SEP national committee and a writer for World Socialist Website, provide the opening report to the forum. He highlighted the rapid spread of the coronavirus pandemic worldwide and the government's criminal response internationally. Wall Street's large, trillion-dollar corporate bailout, which far outstripped any corporate award in 2008, stands in stark contrast to the response of governments around the world to the threat of the pandemic to lives and livelihoods.
"Even as the virus spreads, governments and health authorities reject the most basic measures of quarantine and testing, which allow groups of infections to rapidly grow from tens, hundreds, to thousands before taking any action," he said.
Julia Thomas, a member of the Socialist Equality Party's national committee, reported on the situation in Australia and the attacks on health workers and the health care system. He also outlined the SEP's struggle for a socialist perspective and the need for workers to establish workplace safety committees to "uphold health and safety conditions in workplaces and hospitals and to organize resistance, including strikes, against unsafe conditions and to defend jobs. , wages and conditions. "
Tom Peters, a leading member of the Socialist Equality Group in New Zealand, also spoke. "In New Zealand, as in Australia, the United States, and elsewhere, governments have given tens of billions of dollars – trillions of dollars on a world scale – to save big businesses and banks … and health care workers are being told that there is not enough money to pay for it. them, "he said.
Erika, a teacher and member of the General Education Committee, emphasized the parallels between the conditions faced by teachers and health workers and emphasized that, "This situation was created by unions, be they health unions or teachers' unions … teachers unions today …, under capitalism, acting as a police force against workers' demands. "
In a lively question and answer session, participants asked many questions, including what the socialist response was to the pandemic. In the chat box, several health workers described their experiences during the pandemic.
One worker wrote, "Even though there is no or limited lockdown and the virus is circulating in the community, residents in nursing homes and homes for the disabled are locked without access to family and social support.
"There is almost no training in the disability sector. There is a lot of direction in my disability service on infection control, but due to limited training and supervision, and the use of freelance staff hired through agencies, it may only be a matter of time before an outbreak occurs. "
Another commented, "I work in a cancer hospital in Melbourne… we have all had their temperatures checked for months, were offered lots of PPE and lots of education on how to use them. As a result, we only had one infected patient, who infected two staff members, and the outbreak was contained by that time…
"Compare this to St Basil's nursing home, where two staff are paid $ 22 per hour to meet the needs of 150 residents! Many residents are dying of dehydration, namely being neglected. My husband is a funeral director and has been burying this poor old sacrificial lamb for weeks. Horrible. "
After the forum, files World Socialist Website talk to other participants.
A young nurse from Melbourne said: "I thought the meeting was very educational. Glad to hear the information. I don't think the Australian government took the coronavirus seriously from the start. There is too much misinformation, that it is like the flu, which only affects the elderly or those with suppressed immune systems. No one was told in advance what that meant.
"As a health worker, you register to put yourself in that position, but we are not martyrs, we have to be provided with equipment to maintain security and the government has to be more serious. I want to be a nurse and help people, but I don't want to lose my life. I don't want to make my family sick. See what's going on in elderly care. They already get money, but they make excuses why they don't provide PPE. The patients were unprotected.
"Luckily the meeting discussed trade unions, and they didn't do much to help health workers. I have heard good things about ANMF [Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation] but not seen as political. Many nurses only see it as insurance, but hearing how the union doesn't get involved is disappointing.
"I think the rank-and-file security committee is a great idea. I found that very interesting, because I hoped the union would do something more. If our unions do nothing then we have to help ourselves as workers. Management always sided with the big guys; doesn't support real workers.
"When I hear terms like Trump's 'China virus', it's just fear of China for its own agenda. I hate it when something like that gets revealed.
We, the workers out there who work every day, who don't work from home, and then we get blamed for the transmission. As for the United States, the way workers earn only $ 1,200 to survive – I have no words for that. The system doesn't work for us – we don't win in the end and that's our life. "
An elderly nurse in Melbourne, who participated in the meeting with her husband, caught COVID-19 at work. Her husband spoke on her behalf:
"All over the world, all governments are the same – there is only official indifference about COVID-19 – but around the world health workers are not prepared for the situation because they are not trained for it. In Australia, health workers are asked to work with inadequate training, "he said.
"My wife works in two units at the facility, and doesn't know which unit she was infected from. First there were two infected people, they were not separated, then 20 were infected, then 26 out of a total of 28. She was transferred to a place where there were two more infected, but they were separated. However, 13 staff were infected and the union did nothing. We called the union, but got no support at all. They send letters and masks.
"Ranking committees and archives are a good idea, if possible. We don't believe in unions and we are only members because there is nothing more that can be done.
"What [former Prime Minister] Tony Abbott says it's like a plan to get rid of parents. They put money before life. All governments in the world want a deliberate plan to get rid of all parents. "
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Australiaback to workCFPEcompany guaranteeCorona virusCovid-19Doctorelderly carehealthlabor unionNew Zealandnursepperank committee and filesVictoria
The latest Australian Coronavirus: a week at a glance Australian News | Instant News
July 31, 2020 NewsDesk
Good evening, here are the latest developments on the coronavirus pandemic in Australia. This is Luke Henriques-Gomes and this is Friday 31st July.
Victoria is in crisis
Victoria is on the verge of implementing further coronavirus restrictions after weeks of horror that saw a few more death and a record 732 new cases on Thursday. Daniel Andrews, the prime minister, announced that face masks are mandatory throughout the state, expanding regulations that make them mandatory in Melbourne. He also acknowledged the government was considering further steps, and that of the country it is not possible to abandon stage three restrictions in three weeks if the trend continues.
The elderly care system is in chaos
The increasing death rate in Victoria is triggered by the spread of the virus in several nursing homes, whisper authorized to take over several facilities. A number of nursing homes are in various countries chaos, said the family, while Victoria and the federal government increasingly fought over the crisis that ensued. Blaming the privatized system, Andrews said he did not want his own mother living in a number of nursing homes.
NSW confidently tracks even though the cluster is growing
New South Wales continues to record new cases of coronavirus, with a growing group on the outskirts of Sydney Potts Point involving two restaurants and a yacht club. Some schools, gymnasiums and other places were forced to close, but the authorities believed that the NSW tracking effort kept the outbreak under control, even though the situation "at the tip of the knife". The government also issued a suburban stretch watchlist from Potts Point to the west of the city including Prestons, Cabramatta and Bonnyrigg. Queensland also closes its border with people from greater Sydney.
Three women were charged with the Covid case in Queensland
Queensland authorities were very angry after that three women allegedly lied on their border declaration form to avoid quarantine after a trip to Melbourne. Two of the three women went on to test positive for the corona virus, forcing the health department to issue a long list of locations on the south side of Brisbane now connected to Covid-19. The Queensland human rights commission also criticized the decision several media to publish the names and photos of women.
Passenger Ruby Princess released the ship after army officers disrupted flu and coronavirus test results
The document revealed that an officer was an Australian Border Force allowing passengers to descend to Princess Ruby because she mistook the negative flu results for a negative Covid-19 test. Labor called on the federal government to apologize, noting that the ABF chief had previously blamed the NSW government.
Woolworths asks customers to wear face masks
Supermarket giant Woolworths said it would be "very encouraging" customers wearing masks at NSW and ACT stores from monday. Similar recommendations began in several regions of Queensland on Friday. Face masks are mandatory in Victoria and are recommended in parts of Sydney where there is high community transmission. However, Woolworths said it would not reject customers if they did not have masks.
Police arrested demonstrators at BLM carrying out a demonstration in violation of Covid
A peaceful Black Lives Matter protest in Sydney continued despite being ruled "illegitimately" by the highest court of NSW after a request from the NSW police. The decision was later upheld by the appellate court. Police arrested and fined six people at the rally on Tuesday. The protesters have promised to cancel the demonstration if the government approves the NSW SafeWork investigation of the death of David Dungay Jr.
Kylie Moore-Gilbert moved to a notorious Iranian desert prison
Kylie Moore-Gilbert, a British-Australian academic who served a 10-year prison sentence in Iran for espionage, was transferred to the Qarchak women's prison, southeast of Tehran, and was reportedly affected by a coronavirus. He was scared, scared, and unwell in Qarchak before he was forcibly transferred quarantine to the general prison population, said the source.
Senior advisers to the PM are forced to isolate
Nico Louw, senior adviser to Scott Morrison, went to quarantine himself after he was linked to the Covid-19 case. Louw has visited the Greek restaurant Apollo at Potts Points, which is the center of a growing group in the suburbs of Sydney. The PM's office confirmed the development but said Morrison's schedule would not be affected, according to health advice.
The ATO crackdown on a super withdrawal
The Australian Tax Office said this week already launch a pilot program aimed at detecting people who have withdrawn their retirement savings when they don't qualify. It happened after the government allowed an initial super release in response to the Covid-19 pandemic. But the ATO said people who had withdrawn money against the rules could be taxed for withdrawals or face penalties of up to $ 12,600 for misleading statements.
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By Yaakov Levy Yaakov Levy is consul general of Israel to New England.
THIS month marks the 23rd anniversary of the Six-Day War of 1967. Today the focus in the Arab-Israeli equation is on the Palestinian aspect. However, when Israelis confront the Palestinian question their point of departure is the wider circle of Arab-Israeli relationships. Are Israelis mistaken when examining the Palestinian issue through this wider prism? We think not. When Israelis examine the Middle East arena searching for a counterpart they are confronted with many Arab actors. One stands out boldly: Egypt, which made peace with us over a decade ago. Differences which still exist between us are ironed out by ambassadors at the bargaining table or through arbitration. In the past they were settled on the battlefield. Egypt is the exception in the Arab world.
So much attention has been focused on marginal and sensational elements of Arab-Israeli relations that some basic tenets have been overlooked. Even 23 years after the 1967 war there is not one additional Arab state that is willing to meet and sit down with Israel as a nation or with individual Israelis. Arab citizens of every nationality are welcome to visit Israel. No Israeli citizen may set foot on Arab soil, for whatever reason, except in Egypt. Would it not be a more forthcoming policy on behalf of the Arab states to open their borders to Israelis as individuals, to let them come and see the Arab nations, meet their people, and dispel stereotypes, thus reducing fear and mistrust?
When Israelis consider concessions to Palestinians in order to address their grievances, they have in their minds the implications of such concessions as far as the rest of the Arab world is concerned. Could not territorial concessions be interpreted as a sign of weakness in the eyes of many Arab nations and invite them to continue their struggle against Israel from more advantageous borders? The concessions demanded of Israel are different in nature from those the Arabs are expected to make. We are asked to make concrete steps: surrender land the Arab nations lost when they launched the 1967 war, and carve out new borders, a step the Arab neighbors resisted between 1949 and 1967.
All these steps are tangible and measurable. The concessions demanded of the Arab side are intangible. Words, statements, and signatures on documents. Because of the tangible and irreversible nature of the concessions we are called upon to make, should not very careful consideration be given to Israel's reluctance to give up important elements of her security, especially at a time when some of her adversaries are resorting to very explicit threats?
At the recent Arab summit meeting at Baghdad, the Libyan leader vowed to turn Israel into a cemetery. The host of the summit, Iraq's president, warned that he would set half of Israel on fire with the chemical weapons he has acquired and used against segments of his own population. When Israeli leaders weigh the risks and opportunities of peace with Palestinians, they have to take into consideration the attitudes and policies of the Arab states that have positioned themselves on the Palestinian's side and might participate in any future conflict.
Israelis are asked to be ever alert to Palestinians' concerns and sensitivities. Is not the reverse equally imperative? Recent Arab and particularly PLO and Jordanian reactions to immigration of Soviet Jews to Israel is a case in point. Even those Israelis who are most attuned to Palestinian concerns, and there are many of them, are aghast at the insensitivity displayed toward Jews immigrating to Israel. We have heard calls upon the USSR to stop immigration, threats against airlines that may carry them to Israel and against the immigrants themselves, even before they have left the Soviet Union.
The recent Arab threats against immigration go to the heart of what is most dear to Israelis. The state of Israel was founded to offer a safe haven to Jews in peril. Arabs have opposed immigration since the 1930s when Jews became endangered under the Nazi regime. The reason then and now was not the question of whether they would settle in a particular area, as some claim. Few Soviet Jews select to live in areas under dispute. Most have opted to live in Tel Aviv and the coastal plain.
When Israelis address the Palestinian issue, they are unable therefore to address it in isolation from these more far-ranging aspects. When the wider Arab-Israeli environment is less threatening, more conciliatory, and open to these considerations and equally legitimate Israeli concerns, Arabs will find Israelis more forthcoming and magnanimous. When the focus of a gathering of Arab leaders is on confrontation and threats to immigration (as at the recent Baghdad summit), is it surprising that Israelis would be suspicious and more concerned with their own security?
Could not a series of Arab steps contribute to the change of such an environment? For example: open borders for Israelis to come and visit, end the threats to immigration of Soviet Jews, eliminating the 44-year-old economic boycott of Israel, the termination of cross-border raids from Lebanon and the sea, and an end to the placing of bombs in marketplaces in Israel.
Once some of these steps are taken, would it not be more conducive for Israelis, Arabs, and Palestinians to sit together and try and reconcile their hopes and concerns in order to enable them all to mark the 24th anniversary of that war in peace and harmony?
Olive Press If the Israeli public were at the negotiating table, what would they support?


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Very easy install. Everything worked as expected and looks like it's a stock item. Does everything I wanted.


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Home Android Samsung Galaxy Note 4 Review: Galaxy Note Goes Metal, Upgrades Stylus Only...
Samsung Galaxy Note 4 Review: Galaxy Note Goes Metal, Upgrades Stylus Only Slightly (Video)
Samsung Galaxy Note 4 is a phablet that was announced at IFA 2014 and it's the Samsung flagship phablet for 2014. This model is a Quad HD device with metal edges and it's priced at $750. Let me start off by saying mea culpa, as this is the Exynos version of the device, not the Snapdragon one, as I claimed in the unboxing. So, we're testing the N910U morel, the one with an 8 core CPU, that's actually a 64 bit chip stuck at 32 bit.
The phablet's design involves an 8.5 mm waistline, a weight of 176 grams and a solid metal frame. We've got a leather imitation back, this time without stitches and obviously that part is made of plastic. The grip is good, but the metal edges are rough and they may "cut" into your palm. The device comes in white, pink, black or bronze and it's heavier than the Note 3 (176 grams versus 168 grams). It's also 5 mm shorter than the iPhone 6 Plus and 1 mm narrower than the same Apple phablet.
Its bezels are not exactly slim by modern standards and the Note 4 uses curved glass at the front, in case you wanted to know. Its edges are slightly raised in order to protect the screen and overall this model feels solid. Those edges I just mentioned tend to feel that they're peeling off a bit of your finger skin. Obviously, this model is not comfy to use with a single hand, but there are special features that make that usage pattern easier.
Now let's analyze the sides of the phablet. Upfront we've got a 5.7 inch screen, the earpiece, front camera, proximity sensor, ambient light sensor, notification LED (left most) and a series of lines as a pattern all over the facade, which kind of bothers me. The front also holds the physical Home button, with a fingerprint scanner included and aluminum accent, plus the Back and Recents capacitive buttons.
The Home button offers OK feedback and we move over to the back, where there's the main camera, with LED flash, pulse sensor and speaker, plus the stylus slot at the bottom. Under the hood, that you can pop open there's the microSD card slot, microSIM card slot and battery. The back cover is easy to remove and also easy to put back. This model is not waterproof, just in case you were wondering. At the top we find the audio jack, a microphone and infrared emitter, while at the bottom there are two microphones, the microUSB port and the left side holds the volume buttons with OK feedback.
On the right there's the On/Off button, a bit higher than usual. The Note 4 has rounded corners and it's frankly too flat for my preference. At least it has good grip, but beware, as it's heavier than you'd expect. It's not an elegant device by any means and the whole screen gap thing wasn't a problem for me. On the hardware side, we get a 5.7 inch display, a Quad HD Super AMOLED with a 515 ppi density and 2560 x 1440 pixel resolution.
Inside the handset we find an octa core Exynos 5433 processor, with 4 cores fo the Cortex A53 kind, clocked at 1.3 GHz and 4 cores of the Cortex A57 kind, clocked at 1.9 GHz. There's a Mali T760 GPU inside, 32 GB of storage, a microSD card slot with support for up to 128 GB and 3 GB of RAM. We've got a 16 megapixel back camera in the mix, with Smart OIS and a front 3.7 MP shooter. On the connectivity side there's everything you can imagine, from WiFi 802.11 a/b/g/n/ac (2×2 MIMO), NFC, Bluetooth 4.1, microUSB 2.0, MHL 3.0, infrared, LTE Category 4 for the Exynos version or LTE Category 6 for the Snapdragon version.
There's HSDPA, WiFi Direct, USB OTG, GPS and finally Glonass. In the section we call Others, there are features like the accelerometer, gyroscope, proximity sensor, compass, barometer, UV sensor, heart rate sensor, O2 Sat sensor and fingerprint scanner. The battery is a 3220 mAh unit, while the Note 3 had a 3200 mAh one, so the difference is not that big. The same battery is a 3.85 V unit with a 12.397 Whr capacity.
On paper this power source offers up to 20 hours of talk time, or 82 hours of music playback. In our test, that involves a video loop played back with WiFi on and brightness at 50% we achieved 8 hours and 30 minutes, which is lower than the 9 hours and 30 minutes of the Galaxy Note 3. Meanwhile, the iPhone 6 Plus offers 12 hours of functioning time. It's clear that sacrifices were made for the Quad HD screen and CPU. The charging is the really impressive part, with 1 hour and 40 minutes of juice being enough to go from 1% to 100%.
The charger plug is quite big and you'll see written on it the charge values: either 9V and 1.64A or 5V and 2A. There are two different charging modes, one associated with fast charging, that charges the Note 4 at 50% in just 30 minutes. The battery life could be better, but still we got one day and a few hours of average use, which is OK. In the settings area you'll find the Fast Charge feature, as well as the Power Save, that restricts background data, closes vibration feedback, limits the CPU max performance and turns down the brightness of the screen. It also turns off the capacitive buttons and the GPS, if you want to.
Then there's the Grayscale mode, that only shows the UI in black and white in order to conserve power. We also get the Ultra Power Saving Mode, that provides a simplified grayscale UI and only the essential features of the device, like messaging, phone calling, Internet and such. You'll get about a day of usage with 20% or 30% battery. The charging time is excellent, but it doesn't excuse the video playback time which is slightly below expectations.
Overall, I'd say the battery is OK all things considered. Samsung Galaxy Note 4 reaches a SAR value of 0.37 W/Kg, which is pretty low and moving on to the audio, we get the usual Samsung music player, with its music square organizing tunes by moods. The audio experience involves crisp and loud sound and everything sounds clean on the speaker. It's pretty much the same acoustics of the Galaxy S5, with good bass and warm voice, surpassing the acoustics of the iPhone 6 Plus in my book.
The settings of the player include SoundAlive, which is basically your EQ, with options like Auto, Rock, Pop, Jazz, Classic and more. There's also a series of effects to apply, ranging from tube amp to virtual 7.1, small room, large room and concert hall. In the Advanced section you can play with 7 channels and tweak your music experience. There are also settings and toggles for 3D, bass and clarity. Then there's Adapt Sound, that customizes the experience via a series of beep tests, plus Play Speed and Smart Volume, that equalizes all songs to the same volume.
The headphones bundled with the device are basically the ones of the Galaxy S5 and Note 3 and they're comfy, they go deep in the ear and bundle a big remote with 3 buttons. Their wire is tangle-free and we've got a perfect bass, loud experience and excellent clarity and noise isolation. Overall, the Note 4 offers very good audio, above the iPhone 6 Plus, equal to the Galaxy S5, but below the iPhone 6. The player on board comes with FLAC file support and the decibel tests we did are impressive, with 89.6 dBA at the back and 85.6 dBA at the front.
This beats the 87.4 dBA of the LG G3, the 83.8 dBA of the iPhone 6 Plus or the 85 dBA of the LG G2 Pro. Moving on to the video aspect, we've got a 5.7 inch Super AMOLED Quad HD display here, with a 2560 x 1440 pixel resolution, Gorilla Glass 3 protection and 515 ppi density. The video player supports pinch to zoom, play speed options, crop options, Adapt Sound and Pop Up Play. It also has Sound Alive options and a special toggle for AMOLED Cinema, that makes all the colors pop out of screen brilliantly.
The video experience itself is great, with colors that stand out, very high brightness, wide view angles, deep blacks and slight oversaturation, that can be fixed easily with settings customization. The screen offers diamond shaped pentile matrix pixels and the AMOLED technology lights up the parts of the screen that show color differently compared to the black parts. That makes the black very, very deep. The screen is crisp and bright, but I can't feel the jump from Full HD to Quad HD.
The text does seem crisper here than on the iPhone 6 Plus, though. In our initial brightness test, the device achieved 404 LUX units with the manual brightness slider at the maximum level. There's also a secondary setting, Auto, with an extra 5 points of boost for the screen. In direct sunlight this setting pushed the device to a crazy 682 LUX units, making the Note 4 the brightness champion of 2014. The iPhone 6 Plus got in the same test 623 LUX units.
This also makes the Note 4 excellent in full sunlight and the holder of the best contrast on the market right now. In the display Settings area you'll find the font, one handed use mode (reduce screen size to a portion associated to a 5 inch phone or so, move around keyboards and other similar stuff), plus Smart Stay and Screen Mode. The latter offers you Adaptive Display, that tweaks the colors and saturation to the activity you're doing, or the AMOLED Cinema, that's oversaturated, or AMOLED Photo, with realistic colors and the Basic mode, that speaks for itself. You can also increase touch sensitivity from the same options area, in case you're using gloves.
Overall, this is an excellent display, certainly the best of 2014. Moving on to the camera, we get a 16 megapixel sensor here, one capable of optical image stabilization. We're dealing with a 16:9 sensor here and the camera comes with F/2.2 aperture, the same as the one of the Note 3. The front camera has a F/1.9 aperture and a 120 degree wide angle. Back to the main cam, it comes with phase detection autofocus, the same tech as the one on Galaxy S5, but faster.
Phase detection AF separates light from lens extremities and compares teh beams to see if they're out of phase or not. Then the focus elements (lenses) align themselves better to cancel the out of phase effects. Note 4 relies on the Sony IMX 240 sensor, that measures 1/2.6 inches and comes with a 31 mm equivalent focal length, as well as 1.12 micron pixels. Smart OIS is used to counter balance the camera shake and extend the exposure time in dark areas.
The interface includes a customizable left area and by default in that part of the screen you see the front camera shortcut, HDR and Settings options. Settings has two display modes: simple, with only 4 options (resolution, effects, timer and flash) and complex, with all the options one needs. Those include exposure, ISO, white balance, metering modes, HDR, tap to take pics, video size (UHD at 3840 x 2160, WQHD at 2560 x 1440 and Full HD), recording mode (normal, slow motion with 3 settings, fast motion with 3 settings and smooth, which is 60 FPS capture).
Then there's the video stabilization, location tags, grid, voice control, button features and review pictures. On the right side of the screen we find the shutter button, video button, modes and Gallery. The modes are the usual ones, including Auto, Beauty Face, Shot + More, Rear Cam Selfie, Selective Focus, Panorama, Virtual Tour, Dual Cam, Animated Photo, Sports, Sound + Shot, Surround Short, Food and Sequences.
Galaxy Note 4 takes pictures very fast and its focus is also fast. It does up to 8x zoom and the front cam is capable of wide selfies, comes with a beauty slider and allows you to place the finger on the heart rate sensor to take a selfie. Now moving over to the pictures taken during day time, this model achieves crisp shots, good colors and also realistic and vivid ones. It offers very good details in its shots and it's about on the same level as the Galaxy S5, if not better.
We get a good and wide panorama and selective focus was also tested by us. It allows you to take a shot and then refocus on the foreground or background, as you please. The shots of colorful toys in the park are excellent and noise is basically non existing. We tried out the zoom and we were impressed yet again and we also did an animated photo and it came out OK. We zoomed on the ducks and kept details till up to 2X or so and the HDR applied to the shots of the cross monument are impressive.
It not only lights up the object, but also enhances its details, being very subtle in the process. The pictures under the bridge are in low light conditions and they came out just fine, with maybe the flash being a bit too potent. Panorama also looks good, in both 180 and 360 degrees, with no major stitching problems and crisp imagery. You can play your burst shots like GIFs in the gallery and we enjoyed the shutter speed that managed to catch water drops that were being sprinkled from a fountain.
Macros also look hot, as shown by the multiple flowers we captured. Exposure, white balance and brightness were perfect all along. I'd say that during day time, the camera beats the Note 3 by about 40%, while the Galaxy S5 is bested by about 15% tops. I put the Note 4 on par with the Xperia Z2, if not a little bit better. It's clearly above the latest iPhone 6 units, that's for sure. At night things change dramatically and in spite of taking these shots on a windy night, there's no excuse for this flagship.
The images that came out are noisy, yellow-ish and they're only good with the flash on. Even then the flash feels too strong sometimes. The quality is clearly below the one of the iPhone 6 Plus, that rocked at night capture. Noise is clearly present in most low light shots, sadly. As far as videos go, we get a crisp capture in Full HD, with vivid colors and 30 FPS. We pulled a WQHD sample by a lake, with the sun in front of us, but that was no sweat for the Note 4, that handled the situation brilliantly.
Audio is captured in stereo and we even tested the optical image stabilization, climbing a hill briskly. I was impressed by the stabilization, but I can't exactly say it's better than the one of the iPhone 6 Plus, so I'd call them equal. The 4K videos are obviously clear and crisp, with excellent quality even at high level zoom. The exposure, white balance and brightness are flawless, as is the focus. Zoom quality is good even in Full HD and we couldn't help playing with slow motion and fast motion videos too.
Smooth 60 FPS capture was one in that video with ducks and it look great with the high frame rate and bitrate. Speaking of which, 4K videos go close to 50 Mbps in bitrate and the audio reaches around 253 Kbps in these captures. Full HD 30 FPS samples have a bitrate of 18 Mbps and lossless zoom takes place at up to 2X. The Full HD 60 FPS videos offer 28 Mbps bitrate and the image is crisp, clear and very good.
The video capture is clearly above the one of the Note 3, Xperia Z2, iPhone 6 Plus and any other model you can imagine. Still, it's pretty much on par with the excellent Galaxy S5. During night time, filming is problematic, just like photo taking. The flash helps a lot to emphasize the colors and focus loss happens kind of often sadly. Even the 4K capture was a letdown at night and I'd say that video capture in these conditions is better on the Galaxy S5 and Xperia Z2, as well as the iPhone 6 Plus. Overall, if we draw the line in the capture area, you'll see we get a very good camera, above any other Android or iOS model on the market, although some Windows Phone units with RAW capability may be able to do battle with it.
The daytime pics and vids are flawless, but the night capture is weak. The photo editing involves the ton of features provided by the Studio app, with customizable brightness, contrast, saturation, red, green, blue, temperature, hue, effects, portrait options, stickers, stamps and frames. Video editing is also available, with transitions, filters and background music included. Samsung Galaxy Noe 4 reaches a temperature of 38.9 degrees Celsius, according to our test, that involved playing 15 minutes of the 3D game Riptide GP2, so no, there's no overheating.
As far as phone calling is concerned, we get speed dial, call reject with special features, auto reject unknown numbers if enabled and a good call quality, good signal and very clear and loud sound. You can also create a custom vibration for your contacts. And now… the benchmarks! The comparison was detailed and included both the Exynos Note 4, as well as the Snapdragon one, the Note 3, Galaxy S5, LG G3, iPhone 6 units and more. Here we go:
As you can see, the Exynos Note 4 we tested only wins 3 out of the 10 benchmark battles, which can be blamed rather on the poor optimization of these tests for Quad HD and Exynos devices. Obviously, the phablet can run any new game and is lag free. As far as the OS and UI go, we've got Android 4.4.4 her, with TouchWiz on top, but this time more lite and lag-free. We've got Flipboard integrated as a separate homescreen, special widgets and the typical dropdown area, with notifications, quick settings, S Finder and Quick Connect.
There are no more air gestures in the mix and the lockscreen shows the pedometer now, but what it doesn't show are the widgets. The settings area is similar to the one of the Galaxy S5, only with a white background and it also includes some favourite settings at the top of the screen. Galaxy Note 4 comes with a Download Booster feature, that combines WiFi and LTE for a speed boost. In the settings area we also find options for Multi Window, S Pen and the Easy Mode, that makes everything larger on the screen.
We've got Blocking Mode available as well, Private Mode, that allows you to hide content on the device and finger scanner settings. The fingerprint scanner is now faster and more precise than on the Galaxy S5 and it has two extras compared to the Touch ID from Apple: longer and more complicated passwords required to secure the print and the setup process is faster and more user friendly. Note 4's web browser is fast and the tab system is elegant, while the virtual keyboard is comfy and filled with alternative input methods.
Multitasking has changed looks, offering larger and wider thumbnails showing the background activities, while Multi Window has also been enhanced. You can trigger it from the Recents area or by keeping the Back button pressed. You can also drag and drop text or pics from one multi window to the other, change their sizes and create floating windows. Samsung also brought a new feature here called Popup Screen, that allows you to drag your finger from the top right corner of the screen to the center in order to resize the window , make it smaller and floating on the homescreen. Multi Window also supports the camera now, apparently.
Once you pull out the S Pen, you'll see the same Air Command palette from the Note 3 popping up, this time with the following options: Action Memo, Smart select, Image Clip and Screen Write. The S Pen weighs 15 grams, it supports 15 mm hovering distance and offers double the pressure levels of the predecessor (2048 this time). And now let's see each of its actions. Action Memo is basically an on screen post it, that allows you to take notes and make them interactible. A phone number can be called, a website can be accessed and more. There's also a shortcut towards S Note from Action Memo and a variety of pens available in it.
Smart Select is a way to clip on screen content and add it to a floating widget for later use. Then there's Image clip, that cuts pieces of the screen and puts them in your clipboard. You can also extract the pictures and text from the captures, from what I've heard. Finally, there's Screen Write, that takes a screenshot and allows you to write, doodle or sketch on it. S Pen now responds to changes in pressure and allows you to select multiple lines of text or multiple pictures, just by keeping the physical button on the stylus pressed.
Then you do that to text, you'll see options appearing, like copy, dictionary and share. Using the stylus you can also preview videos or pictures, but now there will be options in the upper corner of the preview window. S Note has been upgraded with a caligraphy pen, but other than that it offers the same features. I couldn't find the math calculus anymore, but we do get a nifty new camera shortcut, that turns the text you photograph into interactible text for your notes.
S Note also brings 18 templates and a variety of colors and tips for the pens you can use. In this app you can also insert voice memos, voice recording, images, videos, illustrations, stuff from clipboard, scrapbook or maps, plus clipart or shapes. S Voice can now always listen to you and activate itself when you say "Hi Galaxy", but it's still slow and pretty much useless. At least it allows you to dictate text or command it to play music.
And now let's see the preinstalled apps list, that luckily doesn't include bloatware this time. Samsung Galaxy Note 4 offers a new Gallery, organized in events, people, scenery, vehicles or documents, plus Calendar (former S Planner), Scrapbook, Voice Rec, My Files and Galaxy Apps. There's also S Health, that's been upgraded as well, with O2 saturation detection, UV detection and stress detection. All of those are triggered by the heart rate sensor at the back in tandem with other new sensors. Sadly, now all of them works as fast or as precise as I'd like them to.
Then there's the smart remote app, Pen Up, that is a caricature and social networking app, Flipboard, Evernote, Maps, Play Suite, Whatsapp, Instagram and Facebook. Now let's see the Pros and Cons!
Here are the Pros:
more solid and grippy case than predecessor
good acoustics
customizable screen experience
best day time Android photo/video capture
good OIS
lighter TouchWiz
multi window and resizable windows are very useful
S Pen features are always appealing
S Health has evolved
And the Cons:
bulky phone
massive device
cuts into palm
battery is underwhelming a bit
poor night capture
not much S Pen evolution
S Voice still useless
Samsung Galaxy Note 4 gets an 8.9 out of 10 for design, a 9.6 out of 10 for hardware and a 9.8 out of 10 for OS and UI from us. The final grade is 9.43 out of 10 and while the design of the device is not elegant, the hardware is truly impressive, aside from the night time camera. The OS and UI finally feel lighter and less laggy and productivity software is a big appeal here.
Samsung Galaxy Note 4 benchmark
Samsung Galaxy Note 4 camera sample
Samsung Galaxy Note 4 longest review
Samsung Galaxy Note 4 most detailed review
Samsung Galaxy Note 4 review
Samsung Galaxy Note 4 S Pen features
Samsung Galaxy Note 4 tablet news review
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Samsung Galaxy Note 4 video review
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Radu Iorga - August 13, 2011


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Published 15:22 November 21, 2019
Updated 15:30 November 21, 2019
The impending Faustian bargain facing Ukraine
By Yuri Polakiwsky
Canadian-born veteran political commentator, strategist, and consultant specialising in foreign policy and transatlantic relations. Based in Kyiv, Polakiwsky is a noted writer and lecturer. His latest book is "Ukraine - A Lament of a Promise".
epa07804926 Du Wei, the Chinese Ambassador to Ukraine, speaks during a briefing at the Chinese embassy in Kiev, Ukraine, 30 August 2019, to present China's official position in response to US National Security Advisor John Bolton's statements he made during his visit to Ukraine on 27-28 August 2019. EPA-EFE/SERGEY DOLZHENKO
Du Wei, the Chinese Ambassador to Ukraine, speaks during a briefing at the Chinese Embassy in Kyiv.
EPA-EFE//SERGEY DOLZHENKO
It is ironic that within the same time period that President Donald J. Trump was making his infamous quid pro quo call to Ukraine's President Volodymyr Zelensky, he was meeting with Chinese officials who were promising to invest $10 billion into Ukraine, mostly focused on infrastructural projects like roads and ports.
On November 1, the Unian news agency reported that, "The State Road Agency of Ukraine, Ukravtodor, has signed a memorandum of cooperation with China's Poly Changda Engineering Co. Ltd as part of the first stage of the construction of a big ring road around the Ukrainian capital city of Kyiv that will operate on concession terms and link highways M-05 Kyiv – Odessa and M-06 Kyiv – Chop." Approximately 200 km. of road work is to be completed by the end of 2020.
China's long-term strategy in Ukraine is to ensure that it will have access to the EU market. The building of this "silk road" would enable it to exploit Ukraine's geographic location by making it a major transit hub, in addition to allowing it to participate in Ukraine's agricultural industry and building upon Ukraine's cash-starved manufacturing industry.
However, Ukraine has yet to learn the cautionary lessons of accepting Chinese money. China is interested only in fulfilling its long-term national economic interest and not in the social, political, and economic development of its host country. As examples in Africa show, many infrastructure-starved countries have found out that they are considered China's "colonies", and realise, often too late, that they become "debt slaves", losing control of their essential infrastructure and compromising their national integrity and security if they fail to service their debt.
Ukraine has two essential stated economic priorities: attracting direct foreign investment and infrastructural development.
Western governments and investors should not be surprised that Ukraine, starved for investment, will make decisions based on their short and medium-term national economic interest.
And whether Ukraine's policymakers realise it or not, they are at the precipice of acquiescing into a Faustian bargain, a proposition, whose result will force it into a bi-polar world, caught in a purgatory between eastern dictatorial authoritarianism and free market-based democracy.
Although US and European efforts at "nation-building" to disseminate democratic and free-market principles have borne some fruit in providing models for Western-based societal and economic development, they must be judged as peripheral, having only a negligible evidentiary effect on changing the dominant values of a still entrenched oligarchic based values system.
Although the pursuit of entrenching idealistic first principles is a laudable strategic objective, this is not enough if Western governments want to incorporate Ukraine into Western economic and security structures.
For what should be clear by now is that If Western economic aid and private investment remain tepid, Ukraine will have little choice but to succumb to the temptation to accept investment from China and even seeing the restoration of huge infusions of cash from Russia.
Proponents of free markets must candidly reconsider Friedmans' dictum about the need to teach a man how to fish so that he would ultimately learn to feed himself. In the case of Ukraine, it is one thing to propound a gospel of anti-corruption, the rule of law and the free market with evangelistic zeal, but yet another to refuse to invest in Ukraine when it is enduring the hunger pangs for infrastructural sustenance and the stable nourishment of western institutional economic investment.
Ukraine's democratic institutions, its national legislature, its courts and present economic practices admittedly do not meet Western standards. Unfortunately, after five years after the Euromaidan Revolution, they remain in their infancy, not yet strong or mature enough to sustain a potential authoritarian impulse that could impede or even eradicate gains within civil society and political and economic practice.
However, it is not only Ukraine that has to decide the depth of its commitment to a free society and free market as its ultimate development model, but also a question of Western governmental and investment partners: When do you invest in a country still suffering from the ravages of a post-soviet economic culture and that is still rife with corruption but that clearly wants to join Western institutional structures and to establish a Western-based investment culture?
In Ukraine, despite enormous expenditures and massive efforts, some obviously blatant and stubborn truths remain.
Ukraine has not yet developed an international investment culture.
It still has a deeply entrenched and blatantly obvious tradition of, "He who provides the gold, calls the shots". It still has not deconstructed the interplay between the pursuit of economic interest and politics. In Ukraine, economic interests will always remain paramount to following an idealistic and principles transformative agenda.
The Chinese and Russians understand this and are ever ready to exploit this entrenched dynamic. Their Eastern-influenced mindsets believe that economic and investment interest serves the interests in the exercise and the projection of power, the fundamental dynamic being control. Control over their own security and the manipulation of political events to serve their national interests. It is beyond obvious to say that Western-influenced political reform is of no interest to them,
The main purpose of investing in Ukraine for China and Russia is to control Ukraine and its destiny.
What are the ramifications for Ukraine in surrendering to the temptation of accepting investment monies from them, rather than its Western partners?
By first accepting and then relying on large scale investment from China, and allowing Russian interests to reinvest in the country, Ukraine imperils its move towards Western-type political, economic and security practice, while putting at risk the process of transforming its institutions and economy based on individual political and economic freedom.
If Ukraine does indeed make this Faustian bargain, it will negate its progress in establishing a free society and will have compromised its historic European democratic essence. It will remain mired in a bi-polar duality in terms of its societal development and its potential economic transformation. Its essential character and identity remaining unclear, its future course unstable.
Making the wrong choice at this moment will ultimately endanger Ukraine's independence and sovereignty. It will also imperil the individual quest for security of its citizens whose historical imperative is to rid itself of the external forces towards authoritarianism.
Nicholas Waller


text:
Q: Extracting a list of strings that match a pattern for the beginning of each string I have a pretty long string from which I want to extract strings that match a pattern for the beginning of each string. For example, suppose I have this:
string TheLongString = Lorem ipsum "SomeWordOne" dolor sit "SomeWordTwo" amet;

How do I extract from this string all the strings that are in quotes and that start with SomeWord? For instance, in this case, the list should contain "SomeWordOne" and "SomeWordTwo".

A: Step 1: You need to split the string based on Space delimeter using string.Split() method.
Step 2: iterate over all of the words and identify if any word starts with string "SomeWord using string.StartsWith() method. if it is there then add it into the List
Try This:
string str="string TheLongString = Lorem ipsum \"SomeWordOne\"
                            dolor sit \"SomeWordTwo\" amet;";

var words = str.Split(new []{' '},StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries);
List<string> selectedWords = new List<string>();
foreach (var word in words)
{
    if (word.StartsWith("\"SomeWord"))
        selectedWords.Add(word);
}

EDIT: as pointed in comments if your someword contain spaces then the above method does not fit.

A: Assuming the pattern you are searching for was not a single word (kd.'s answer will work for that), you could use a Regex match to do what you want:
Regex regex = new Regex("\"SomeWord[^\"]*\"");
var matches = regex.Matches(TheLongString);
List<string> myMatchedStrings = new List<string>();
foreach (Match match in matches)
{
    myMatchedStrings.Add(match.Value);
}

If you don't want the double quotes included in your results, use the following drop-in replacement which uses Regex Look Behind to find your opening quote, but it won't actually show up in the result:
Regex regex = new Regex("(?<=\")SomeWord[^\"]*");

Or even if you wanted to exclude "SomeWord" from your result:
Regex regex = new Regex("(?<=\"SomeWord)[^\"]*");

That should leave myMatchedStrings with a list of your pattern, as long as the pattern starts and ends with double quotes and starts with "SomeWord", but you can adjust as necessary.

A: Well, you can either use IndexOf (using the overload with startIndex parameter) and Substring repeatedly, or you can use a regular expression.
In the IndexOf case, you'd simply search for "SomeWord, then find a closing quote, substring that and repeat.
The regular expression would look something like this:
\"(?<Inside>SomeWord[^\"]*)\"

A:
var matches = TheLongString.Split(' ').Where(p => p.StartsWith("SomeWord"));

A: I think you need a custom Split function. @Sudhakar's answer should work if your SomeWords doesn't contain any space(s). But if it does than you can use an extension method like this:
public static string[] SplitBy(this string source,char separator)
{
    var chars = source.ToCharArray();
    var temp = new List<char>();
    var words = new List<string>();
    bool splitControl = false;
    for (int i = 0; i < chars.Length; i++)
    {
        if (chars[i] == separator && !splitControl)
        {
           splitControl = true;
           continue;
        }
        else if (chars[i] == separator && splitControl)
        {
           words.Add(new string(temp.ToArray()));
           temp.Clear();
           splitControl = false;
           continue;
        }

        if(splitControl) temp.Add(chars[i]);

    }

    if(temp.Any()) words.Add(new string(temp.ToArray()));
    return words.ToArray();
}

This function return all the words that are wrapped by double-quotes.For example:
string TheLongString = "Lorem ipsum \"SomeWordOne\" dolor sit \"SomeWordTwo\" amet";
var result = TheLongString.SplitBy('"');

This will return SomeWordOne and SomeWordTwo.If you want to filter the returning result you can simply use LINQ:
var result = TheLongString.SplitBy('"').Where(x => x.StartsWith("SomeWord"));

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
The ending of an in-state rivalry?
by: Rosie Langello
Posted: Sep 10, 2019 / 07:00 PM EDT / Updated: Sep 10, 2019 / 07:12 PM EDT
(WTAJ) — After Saturday, Penn State will have played Pittsburgh 100 times and there's still a lingering question, could you see this rivalry resume down the line?
Penn State already has non-conference opponents scheduled for the next six years.
As of right now, this is the last game that is scheduled for the two teams to play each other.
Kickoff is Saturday at noon at Beaver Stadium.
by Devin Jackson / Jan 19, 2020
UNIVERSITY PARK, Pa. (WTAJ) -- Penn State announced today that they have hired the University of Miami receiver coach Taylor Stubblefield.
Stubblefield has coached all over the country during his coaching career. Stubblefield spent one season with the Hurricanes, two seasons with Air Force, a season coaching the CFL, among other teams.
UNIVERSITY PARK, Pa. – Junior Evan Barratt (Bristol, Pa.) scored twice while adding an assist as No. 6 Penn State earned a 4-4 tie against Michigan in Big Ten Conference action on Saturday night at Pegula Ice Arena. The Wolverines secured the extra conference point during the 3-on-3 overtime period.
The Nittany Lions move to 16-7-1 overall and 8-5-1-0 in conference play following the tie while Michigan secures 5-of-6 conference points on the weekend winning the season series and now sit at 10-11-3 on the year and 5-7-2-1 in Big Ten action.
by Jack Wascher / Jan 18, 2020
LORETTO, Pa. (WTAJ) - Saint Francis Men and Women's hoops continued their winning ways Saturday at DeGol Arena.
Keila Whittington's squad moved to 5-1 in NEC play, thanks to a Phee Allen go-ahead three pointer with less than 20 seconds to go in regulation, giving the Red Flash a 60-58 win.
Pirates CARE-a-van to visit cities in Central PA
Third Annual Mountain City Beer and Wine Festival held this weekend
University student struck, killed by bus in Pittsburgh
Regional News / 6 hours ago
16-year-old mother, boyfriend accused of child abuse in Belton, police say
DuBois police search for missing teen


Many thanks to Paul Stone, for providing the details on which the information on this page is based.
The Notts Alliance commenced in 1894 under the name of the 'Nottingham Junior League' to serve the growing number of amateur teams that existed in Nottingham at that time. The league membership for that first season was Clifton Colliery, St Mark's, St Peter's, Notts Victoria, Sneinton Institute, Tabernacle,Nottingham YMCA, Emmanual & St Mary's. Notts Victoria & Tabernacle withdrew during the season and although many fixtures were left unplayed St Peter's were far enough ahead in the league to be crowned champions.
The League changed its name in 1897 to the Notts Football Alliance and clubs from outside the City began to join thereafter. Despite successful attempts by the Nottinghamshire FA to move its more senior clubs involved in the Alliance into stronger leagues, the Notts Alliance continued to thrive.
A second division was added in 1927/28 and a third division in 1958/59.


text:
using NUnit.Framework;
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
using System.Text;

namespace MonoTests.System.Security.Cryptography {

// HashAlgorithm is a abstract class - so most of it's functionality wont
// be tested here (but will be in its descendants).

[TestFixture]
public class HashAlgorithmTest : Assertion {
	protected HashAlgorithm hash;

	[SetUp]
	protected virtual void SetUp ()
	{
		hash = HashAlgorithm.Create ();
	}

	public void AssertEquals (string msg, byte[] array1, byte[] array2)
	{
		AllTests.AssertEquals (msg, array1, array2);
	}

	// Note: These tests will only be valid without a "machine.config" file
	// or a "machine.config" file that do not modify the default algorithm
	// configuration.
	private const string defaultSHA1 = "System.Security.Cryptography.SHA1CryptoServiceProvider";
	private const string defaultMD5 = "System.Security.Cryptography.MD5CryptoServiceProvider";
	private const string defaultSHA256 = "System.Security.Cryptography.SHA256Managed";
	private const string defaultSHA384 = "System.Security.Cryptography.SHA384Managed";
	private const string defaultSHA512 = "System.Security.Cryptography.SHA512Managed";
	private const string defaultHash = defaultSHA1;

	[Test]
	public virtual void Create ()
	{
		// try the default hash algorithm (created in SetUp)
		AssertEquals( "HashAlgorithm.Create()", defaultHash, hash.ToString());

		// try to build all hash algorithms
		hash = HashAlgorithm.Create ("SHA");
		AssertEquals ("HashAlgorithm.Create('SHA')", defaultSHA1, hash.ToString ());
		hash = HashAlgorithm.Create ("SHA1");
		AssertEquals ("HashAlgorithm.Create('SHA1')", defaultSHA1, hash.ToString ());
		hash = HashAlgorithm.Create ("System.Security.Cryptography.SHA1");
		AssertEquals ("HashAlgorithm.Create('System.Security.Cryptography.SHA1')", defaultSHA1, hash.ToString ());
		hash = HashAlgorithm.Create ("System.Security.Cryptography.HashAlgorithm" );
		AssertEquals ("HashAlgorithm.Create('System.Security.Cryptography.HashAlgorithm')", defaultHash, hash.ToString ());

		hash = HashAlgorithm.Create ("MD5");
		AssertEquals ("HashAlgorithm.Create('MD5')", defaultMD5, hash.ToString ());
		hash = HashAlgorithm.Create ("System.Security.Cryptography.MD5");
		AssertEquals ("HashAlgorithm.Create('System.Security.Cryptography.MD5')", defaultMD5, hash.ToString ());

		hash = HashAlgorithm.Create ("SHA256");
		AssertEquals ("HashAlgorithm.Create('SHA256')", defaultSHA256, hash.ToString ());
		hash = HashAlgorithm.Create ("SHA-256");
		AssertEquals ("HashAlgorithm.Create('SHA-256')", defaultSHA256, hash.ToString ());
		hash = HashAlgorithm.Create ("System.Security.Cryptography.SHA256");
		AssertEquals ("HashAlgorithm.Create('System.Security.Cryptography.SHA256')", defaultSHA256, hash.ToString ());

		hash = HashAlgorithm.Create ("SHA384");
		AssertEquals ("HashAlgorithm.Create('SHA384')", defaultSHA384, hash.ToString ());
		hash = HashAlgorithm.Create ("SHA-384");
		AssertEquals ("HashAlgorithm.Create('SHA-384')", defaultSHA384, hash.ToString ());
		hash = HashAlgorithm.Create ("System.Security.Cryptography.SHA384");
		AssertEquals ("HashAlgorithm.Create('System.Security.Cryptography.SHA384')", defaultSHA384, hash.ToString ());

		hash = HashAlgorithm.Create ("SHA512");
		AssertEquals ("HashAlgorithm.Create('SHA512')", defaultSHA512, hash.ToString ());
		hash = HashAlgorithm.Create ("SHA-512");
		AssertEquals ("HashAlgorithm.Create('SHA-512')", defaultSHA512, hash.ToString ());
		hash = HashAlgorithm.Create ("System.Security.Cryptography.SHA512");
		AssertEquals ("HashAlgorithm.Create('System.Security.Cryptography.SHA512')", defaultSHA512, hash.ToString ());

		// try to build invalid implementation
		hash = HashAlgorithm.Create ("InvalidHash");
		AssertNull ("HashAlgorithm.Create('InvalidHash')", hash);
	}

	[Test]
	[ExpectedException (typeof (ArgumentNullException))]
	public virtual void CreateNull ()
	{
		// try to build null implementation
		hash = HashAlgorithm.Create (null);
	}

	[Test]
	[ExpectedException (typeof (ObjectDisposedException))]
	public void Clear ()
	{
		byte[] inputABC = Encoding.Default.GetBytes ("abc");
		hash.ComputeHash (inputABC);
		hash.Clear ();
		// cannot use a disposed object
		hash.ComputeHash (inputABC);
	}

	[Test]
	[ExpectedException (typeof (ObjectDisposedException))]
	public void Clear2 ()
	{
		byte[] inputABC = Encoding.Default.GetBytes ("abc");
		MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream (inputABC);
		hash.ComputeHash (ms);
		hash.Clear ();
		// cannot use a disposed object
		hash.ComputeHash (ms);
	}

	[Test]
	[ExpectedException (typeof (NullReferenceException))]
	public void NullStream ()
	{
		Stream s = null;
		byte[] result = hash.ComputeHash (s);
	}

	[Test]
	public void Disposable ()
	{
		using (HashAlgorithm hash = HashAlgorithm.Create ()) {
			byte[] data = hash.ComputeHash (new byte [0]);
		}
	}

	[Test]
	[ExpectedException (typeof (ObjectDisposedException))]
	public void InitializeDisposed ()
	{
		hash.ComputeHash (new byte [0]);
		hash.Clear (); // disposed
		hash.Initialize ();
		hash.ComputeHash (new byte [0]);
	}

	[Test]
	[ExpectedException (typeof (ArgumentNullException))]
	public void ComputeHash_ArrayNull ()
	{
		byte[] array = null;
		hash.ComputeHash (array);
	}

	[Test]
	[ExpectedException (typeof (ArgumentNullException))]
	public void ComputeHash_ArrayNullIntInt ()
	{
		byte[] array = null;
		hash.ComputeHash (array, 0, 0);
	}

	[Test]
	[ExpectedException (typeof (ArgumentOutOfRangeException))]
	public void ComputeHash_OffsetNegative ()
	{
		byte[] array = new byte [0];
		hash.ComputeHash (array, -1, 0);
	}

	[Test]
	[ExpectedException (typeof (ArgumentException))]
	public void ComputeHash_OffsetOverflow ()
	{
		byte[] array = new byte [1];
		hash.ComputeHash (array, Int32.MaxValue, 1);
	}

	[Test]
	[ExpectedException (typeof (ArgumentException))]
	public void ComputeHash_CountNegative ()
	{
		byte[] array = new byte [0];
		hash.ComputeHash (array, 0, -1);
	}

	[Test]
	[ExpectedException (typeof (ArgumentException))]
	public void ComputeHash_CountOverflow ()
	{
		byte[] array = new byte [1];
		hash.ComputeHash (array, 1, Int32.MaxValue);
	}

	[Test]
// not checked in Fx 1.1
//	[ExpectedException (typeof (ObjectDisposedException))]
	public void TransformBlock_Disposed ()
	{
		hash.ComputeHash (new byte [0]);
		hash.Initialize ();
		byte[] input = new byte [8];
		byte[] output = new byte [8];
		hash.TransformBlock (input, 0, input.Length, output, 0);
	}

	[Test]
	[ExpectedException (typeof (ArgumentNullException))]
	public void TransformBlock_InputBuffer_Null ()
	{
		byte[] output = new byte [8];
		hash.TransformBlock (null, 0, output.Length, output, 0);
	}

	[Test]
	[ExpectedException (typeof (ArgumentOutOfRangeException))]
	public void TransformBlock_InputOffset_Negative ()
	{
		byte[] input = new byte [8];
		byte[] output = new byte [8];
		hash.TransformBlock (input, -1, input.Length, output, 0);
	}

	[Test]
	[ExpectedException (typeof (ArgumentException))]
	public void TransformBlock_InputOffset_Overflow ()
	{
		byte[] input = new byte [8];
		byte[] output = new byte [8];
		hash.TransformBlock (input, Int32.MaxValue, input.Length, output, 0);
	}

	[Test]
	[ExpectedException (typeof (ArgumentException))]
	public void TransformBlock_InputCount_Negative ()
	{
		byte[] input = new byte [8];
		byte[] output = new byte [8];
		hash.TransformBlock (input, 0, -1, output, 0);
	}

	[Test]
	[ExpectedException (typeof (ArgumentException))]
	public void TransformBlock_InputCount_Overflow ()
	{
		byte[] input = new byte [8];
		byte[] output = new byte [8];
		hash.TransformBlock (input, 0, Int32.MaxValue, output, 0);
	}

	[Test]
	[ExpectedException (typeof (ArgumentNullException))]
#if ! NET_2_0
	[Category ("NotDotNet")] // System.ExecutionEngineException on MS runtime (1.1)
#endif
	public void TransformBlock_OutputBuffer_Null ()
	{
		byte[] input = new byte [8];
		hash.TransformBlock (input, 0, input.Length, null, 0);
	}

	[Test]
#if NET_2_0
	[ExpectedException (typeof (ArgumentOutOfRangeException))]
#else
	[ExpectedException (typeof (IndexOutOfRangeException))]
#endif
	public void TransformBlock_OutputOffset_Negative ()
	{
		byte[] input = new byte [8];
		byte[] output = new byte [8];
		hash.TransformBlock (input, 0, input.Length, output, -1);
	}

	[Test]
#if NET_2_0
	[ExpectedException (typeof (ArgumentException))]
#else
	[ExpectedException (typeof (IndexOutOfRangeException))]
#endif
	public void TransformBlock_OutputOffset_Overflow ()
	{
		byte[] input = new byte [8];
		byte[] output = new byte [8];
		hash.TransformBlock (input, 0, input.Length, output, Int32.MaxValue);
	}

	[Test]
// not checked in Fx 1.1
//	[ExpectedException (typeof (ObjectDisposedException))]
	public void TransformFinalBlock_Disposed ()
	{
		hash.ComputeHash (new byte [0]);
		hash.Initialize ();
		byte[] input = new byte [8];
		hash.TransformFinalBlock (input, 0, input.Length);
	}

	[Test]
	[ExpectedException (typeof (ArgumentNullException))]
	public void TransformFinalBlock_InputBuffer_Null ()
	{
		hash.TransformFinalBlock (null, 0, 8);
	}

	[Test]
	[ExpectedException (typeof (ArgumentOutOfRangeException))]
	public void TransformFinalBlock_InputOffset_Negative ()
	{
		byte[] input = new byte [8];
		hash.TransformFinalBlock (input, -1, input.Length);
	}

	[Test]
	[ExpectedException (typeof (ArgumentException))]
	public void TransformFinalBlock_InputOffset_Overflow ()
	{
		byte[] input = new byte [8];
		hash.TransformFinalBlock (input, Int32.MaxValue, input.Length);
	}

	[Test]
	[ExpectedException (typeof (ArgumentException))]
	public void TransformFinalBlock_InputCount_Negative ()
	{
		byte[] input = new byte [8];
		hash.TransformFinalBlock (input, 0, -1);
	}

	[Test]
	[ExpectedException (typeof (ArgumentException))]
	public void TransformFinalBlock_InputCount_Overflow ()
	{
		byte[] input = new byte [8];
		hash.TransformFinalBlock (input, 0, Int32.MaxValue);
	}
}

}


Imagine if the Turkish Prime Minister issued this statement: "The Canadian aboriginal people experienced terrible suffering and loss of life. Our parliament has adopted a motion that acknowledges the native Canadian genocide and condemns this act as a crime against humanity. My party and I supported this resolution, and continue to recognize it today. We must never forget the lessons of history."
Ottawa would reject it, and many Canadians would be outraged to see their country put in the same column as Nazi Germany. Many would point out the hypocrisy of such a statement coming from the Turks.
Some Canadians would cheer it. This past year has, for First Nations, been something like what 1963 was for African-Americans, and as part of that awakening, the word "genocide" has risen in popularity. In this view, the mistreatment and suffering that native and Inuit people suffered must be seen as a deliberate attempt to exterminate an entire people, and should be recognized as such internationally.
This week, when the United Nations Envoy on Aboriginal Affairs paid a study visit to Canada, prominent native and Jewish figures sent him a letter asking that Canada's treatment of aboriginals be recognized as a genocide, encouraging him to make a statement like the one at the top of this column.
Of course, those words were not uttered by the Turkish Prime Minister. Rather, they come from a statement made last year by Prime Minister Stephen Harper, with "native Canadian" substituted for "Armenian."
The persecution and mass expulsion of Armenians by Ottoman forces in 1915 involved truly grotesque crimes against humanity, a string of atrocities that deserve condemnation. Many people, especially Armenians, consider it a genocide, although this definition is controversial.
Mr. Harper's Conservatives have officially applied the "G" word to the Armenian experience at least four times. This has not gone over well in Turkey, even among those who are pressing for an atonement and full apology to Armenians. Because of campaigns like Canada's, the word "genocide" has become a fixation among both Armenians and Turks – one that many feel has stood in the way of actual reconciliation.
Canada may soon face the same tension. Was our history genocidal?
The UN Genocide Convention, which Canada ratified more than six decades ago and has applied against other countries, defines the crime as including "any of" a list of acts committed against an identifiable group, including not just mass killing and mass physical or mental harm but also "deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of life calculated to bring about its physical destruction in whole or part," "imposing measures intended to prevent births within the group," and "forcibly transferring children of the group to another group." You can find sustained examples of many of these in Canadian history, plus acts of cultural destruction such as forcing thousands of Inuit to replace their names with metal number plates.
Were those acts, as the genocide convention requires, committed with "intent to destroy, in whole or in part" the group's population? In both the Turkish and Canadian examples, this is an open question. The Beothuk people of Newfoundland were literally exterminated, in part through deliberate acts. Some Ottoman and Canadian officials did appear to want all Armenians and natives gone. You could make a strong case, but not a completely waterproof one: Crimes against humanity, even awful ones, are not all genocidal.
It feels petty and mean to tell people whose family histories have been defined by cruelty and loss that the atrocities they suffered weren't quite up to the definition of genocide. On the other hand, it's an injustice to truly unambiguous genocides, such as the near-successful mechanized slaughter of Europe's entire Jewish population or Rwanda's mass slaughter of Tutsis, to attempt to apply the term to every mass atrocity.
Nobody wants to be labelled genocidal. Modern Turks live in a state that was created in the 1920s in opposition to the Ottomans who committed the Armenian atrocities. Post-1967 Canadians tend to see indigenous mistreatment as the act of less tolerant Dominion-era Canadians.
And yet Canada's impoverished, racially segregated aboriginal communities are still a source of shame. Progress won't happen without full and honest atonement. In both countries, it may be better to avoid a generation-long fight over the "G" word, and instead to speak officially of "crimes against humanity that some consider genocidal." If we want to end the accusations, that's the kind of compromise that is needed.