text:
\section{Introduction}

The surprising discovery of Turbo-codes \cite{berrou1993near} in
the early 90's was a major breakthrough in the field of digital communication.
Two simple codes combined with an interleaver can be decoded in a
nearly optimal way with loopy belief-propagation~(BP)~\cite{pearl,mceliceBP}
so that they operate close to Shannon's channel capacity \cite{shannon1949mathematical}.
This lead to the rediscovery of LDPC codes \cite{gallager1962low}
and to the investigation of more general constructions like Trellis-Constrained
Codes (TCCs) \cite{frey1997trellis,franck2016some}. However, it turns
out that near optimal decoding with BP only works for some specific
classes of TCCs, but not in general.

In this paper we describe a method for the probabilistic computation
of the most likely codeword in a TCC w.r.t. a vector of symbol likelihoods.
We iteratively update the symbol likelihoods so that the relative
likelihood of the most likely codeword continually increases until
it hopefully stands out from all other codewords. The algorithm is
insipred by amplitude amplification \cite{brassard1997exact,brassard2002quantum}
which is used in quantum algorithms like Grover search~\cite{grover1996fast}.
Our algorithm converges in a more controlled way than BP.

\begin{figure}
\begin{centering}
\subfloat[A TCC constructed from convolutional codes.]{\begin{centering}
\includegraphics[width=1\columnwidth]{ImageIC}
\par\end{centering}
\label{Fig:TCC-conv}}
\par\end{centering}
\begin{centering}
\subfloat[A TCC representation of a LDPC code.]{\begin{centering}
\includegraphics[width=1\columnwidth]{ImageLDPC}
\par\end{centering}
\label{Fig:TCC-ldpc}}
\par\end{centering}
\caption{Examples of Trellis-Constrained Codes.}
\label{Fig:TCCs}
\end{figure}

\section{Preliminaries}

An intersection code $\mathbb{C}_{\cap}$ is defined as
\[
\mathbb{C}_{\cap}:=\{\mathbf{c}:\mathbf{c}\in\mathbb{C}_{1}\cap\mathbb{C}_{2}\},
\]
where $\mathbb{C}_{1},\mathbb{C}_{2}\subseteq\mathbb{S}=\{-1,+1\}^{n}$
are chosen such that the code $\mathbb{C}_{1}$ and the interleaved
code $\mathbb{C}_{2}$ have a low trellis complexity. Some examples
of TCCs are represented in Fig.~\ref{Fig:TCCs}.

For a memoryless binary channel defined by $\gamma$, a received word
$\mathbf{r}=(r_{1},...,r_{n})\in\mathbb{R}^{n}$ and a word $\mathbf{s}=(s_{1},...,s_{n})\in\mathbb{S}$,
we define the log-likelihood ratio
\[
L(r):=\frac{1}{2}\ln\frac{P(r|+1)}{P(r|-1)}\text{ with }P(r|s):=\gamma^{rs},
\]
and we use Iverson brackets \cite{knuth1992two}
\[
\langle\mathtt{false}\rangle:=0\text{ and }\langle\mathtt{true}\rangle:=1
\]
to define the code-constrained likelihoods
\[
P_{\cap}(\mathbf{r}|\mathbf{s}):=\gamma^{\mathbf{r}\mathbf{s}^{T}}\langle\mathbf{s}\in\mathbb{C}_{1}\rangle\langle\mathbf{s}\in\mathbb{C}_{2}\rangle=\gamma^{\mathbf{r}\mathbf{s}^{T}}\langle\mathbf{s}\in\mathbb{C}_{\cap}\rangle.
\]
More details on the channels can be found in the Appendix.

\section{Likelihood Amplification\label{sec:Relative-Likelihood-Amplificatio}}

The objective of an ML decoder is to determine
\[
\check{\mathbf{c}}={\displaystyle \arg\max_{\mathbf{s}\in\mathbb{S}}}\,P_{\cap}(\mathbf{r}|\mathbf{s})={\displaystyle \arg\max_{\mathbf{s}\in\mathbb{C}_{\cap}}}\,\gamma^{\mathbf{r}\mathbf{s}^{T}}.
\]
To reflect the structure of $\mathbb{C}_{\cap}$, with the two contituent
codes and the symbol constraints, we can equivalently write
\[
(\check{\mathbf{c}},\check{\mathbf{c}})={\displaystyle \arg\max_{(\mathbf{s},\mathbf{s'})\in\mathbb{C}_{1}\times\mathbb{C}_{2}}}\gamma^{\mathbf{w}_{1}\mathbf{s}^{T}+\mathbf{w}_{2}\mathbf{s'^{T}}}\cdot\prod_{j=1}^{n}\langle s_{j}=s'_{j}\rangle
\]
where $\mathbf{w}_{1}+\mathbf{w}_{2}=\mathbf{r}$ with $\mathbf{w}_{1},\mathbf{w}_{2}\in\mathbb{R}^{n}$.

\subsection{Overview}

During the decoding process we iteratively update $\mathbf{w}_{1}$
and $\mathbf{w}_{2}$, and in this description we denote the corresponding
values in iteration $i$ as $\mathbf{w}_{1}^{(i)}$ and $\mathbf{w}_{2}^{(i)}$.
Further we consider
\begin{itemize}
\item the likelihood of the most likely codeword
\[
p_{\check{\mathbf{c}}}^{(i)}:=\gamma^{\mathbf{w}_{1}^{(i)}\check{\mathbf{c}}^{T}+\mathbf{w}_{2}^{(i)}\check{\mathbf{c}}^{T}}\text{, and}
\]
\item the cumulated likelihood of all words in $\mathbb{C}_{1}\times\mathbb{C}_{2}$
\[
\Xi^{(i)}:=\sum_{(\mathbf{s},\mathbf{s'})\in\mathbb{C}_{1}\times\mathbb{C}_{2}}\gamma^{\mathbf{w}_{1}^{(i)}\mathbf{s}^{T}+\mathbf{w}_{2}^{(i)}\mathbf{s}'^{T}}\cdot
\]
\end{itemize}
Initially, we set
\begin{align*}
\mathbf{w}_{1}^{(0)} & \leftarrow\mathbf{r}/2\\
\mathbf{w}_{2}^{(0)} & \leftarrow\mathbf{r}/2
\end{align*}
and we estimate
\[
p_{\check{\mathbf{c}}}^{(0)}=\gamma^{\mathbf{w}_{1}^{(0)}\check{\mathbf{c}}^{T}+\mathbf{w}_{2}^{(0)}\check{\mathbf{c}}^{T}}=\gamma^{\mathbf{r}\check{\mathbf{c}}^{T}}.
\]
Note that for the BEC we have $p_{\check{\mathbf{c}}}^{(0)}=\sum_{i=1}^{n}\langle r_{i}\ne0\rangle$.
Then, in iterations where $i$ is even we compute \begin{align}
\label{eqn:step1} \begin{split}
\mathbf{w}_{1}^{(i+1)} & \leftarrow  \mathbf{w}_{1}^{(i)}+\Delta^{(i)}\\
\mathbf{w}_{2}^{(i+1)} & \leftarrow  \mathbf{w}_{2}^{(i)}-\Delta^{(i)}
\end{split}
\end{align}and in iterations where $i$ is odd we compute\begin{align}
\label{eqn:step2} \begin{split}
\mathbf{w}_{1}^{(i+1)} & \leftarrow \rho^{(i)}\cdot\mathbf{w}_{1}^{(i)}\\
\mathbf{w}_{2}^{(i+1)} & \leftarrow \rho^{(i)}\cdot\mathbf{w}_{2}^{(i)}.
\end{split}
\end{align}The corresponding $\Delta^{(i)}\in\mathbb{R}^{n}$ and $\rho^{(i)}\in\mathbb{R}$
are chosen so that
\begin{equation}
\frac{p_{\check{\mathbf{c}}}^{(i+1)}}{\Xi^{(i+1)}}\geq\frac{p_{\check{\mathbf{c}}}^{(i)}}{\Xi^{(i)}},\label{eq:increasing}
\end{equation}
which means that the relative likelihood of the most likely codeword
stays the same or increases in every step. Details and stopping criteria
are expained in the following sections.

\subsection{Choice of $\Delta^{(i)}$}

In order to chose $\Delta^{(i)}$ so that (\ref{eq:increasing}) holds,
let us investigate the relation between $p_{\check{\mathbf{c}}}^{(i+1)}$
and $p_{\check{\mathbf{c}}}^{(i)}$, and between $\Xi^{(i+1)}$ and
$\Xi^{(i)}$ in (\ref{eqn:step1}).

First, we have
\begin{equation}
p_{\mathbf{\hat{\mathbf{c}}}}^{(i+1)}=\gamma^{(\mathbf{w}_{1}^{(i)}+\Delta^{(i)}+\mathbf{w}_{2}^{(i)}-\Delta^{(i)})\check{\mathbf{c}}^{T}}=p_{\mathbf{\hat{\mathbf{c}}}}^{(i)}\label{eq:delta1}
\end{equation}
for any $\Delta^{(i)}\in\mathbb{R}^{n}$. The same holds for all
codewords in $\mathbb{C}_{\cap}$, so that the most likely word in
$\mathbb{C}_{\cap}$ under $\mathbf{r}$ also remains the most likely
word under $\mathbf{w}_{1}$ and $\mathbf{w}_{2}$.

Then, to understand the relation between $\Xi^{(i)}$ and $\Xi^{(i+1)}$
let us assume
\[
\Delta^{(i)}=(0,...,0,\delta_{j},0,...,0)
\]
 with a single possibly non zero value $\delta_{j}$ at position $j$
and
\[
\Xi^{(i)}=\Xi_{-1}^{(i)}+\Xi_{0}^{(i)}+\Xi_{+1}^{(i)}
\]
where
\begin{align*}
 & \Xi_{-1}^{(i)}:=\sum_{(\mathbf{s},\mathbf{s'})\in\mathbb{C}_{1}\times\mathbb{C}_{2}}\gamma^{\mathbf{w}_{1}^{(i)}\mathbf{s}^{T}+\mathbf{w}_{2}^{(i)}\mathbf{s}'^{T}}\cdot\langle s_{j}=-1\rangle\cdot\langle s'_{j}=+1\rangle,\\
 & \Xi_{0{\color{white}+}}^{(i)}:=\sum_{(\mathbf{s},\mathbf{s'})\in\mathbb{C}_{1}\times\mathbb{C}_{2}}\gamma^{\mathbf{w}_{1}^{(i)}\mathbf{s}^{T}+\mathbf{w}_{2}^{(i)}\mathbf{s}'^{T}}\cdot\langle s_{j}=s'_{j}\rangle,\text{}\\
 & \Xi_{+1}^{(i)}:=\sum_{(\mathbf{s},\mathbf{s'})\in\mathbb{C}_{1}\times\mathbb{C}_{2}}\gamma^{\mathbf{w}_{1}^{(i)}\mathbf{s}^{T}+\mathbf{w}_{2}^{(i)}\mathbf{s}'^{T}}\cdot\langle s_{j}=+1\rangle\cdot\langle s'_{j}=-1\rangle.
\end{align*}
It follows from (\ref{eqn:step1}) that
\[
\Xi^{(i+1)}=\gamma^{-2\delta_{j}}\cdot\Xi_{-1}^{(i)}+\Xi_{0}^{(i)}+\gamma^{2\delta_{j}}\cdot\Xi_{+1}^{(i)}.
\]
Thus, for $\delta_{j}=0$ we have $\Xi^{(i+1)}=\Xi^{(i)}$, and for
$\delta_{j}$ equal to
\begin{equation}
\delta_{j\min}=\arg\min_{\delta_{j}}(\Xi^{(i+1)})=(\log_{\gamma}\Xi_{-1}^{(i)}-\log_{\gamma}\Xi_{+1}^{(i)})/4\label{eq:deltamin}
\end{equation}
we obtain a minimal $\Xi^{(i+1)}$ for which
\begin{equation}
\Xi^{(i+1)}\leq\Xi^{(i)}.\label{eq:delta2}
\end{equation}
Hence, we can pick a position $j$ and compute $\Delta^{(i)}$ so
that (\ref{eq:delta1}) and (\ref{eq:delta2}) hold. This implies
that (\ref{eq:increasing}) must also hold. Like in quantum computing
the decoder does not care whether the symbols $s^{(1)}=s^{(2)}$ are
both~0 or both~1, the relative likelihood of both states are increased.
The effect of a such an optimization is illustrated in Figure~\ref{Fig:Optimization}.

In practice it can be more efficient to compute $\delta_{1},...,\delta_{n}$
for all symbols at once, according to (\ref{eq:deltamin}), and to
use $\Delta^{(i)}=(\kappa\cdot\delta_{1},...,\kappa\cdot\delta_{n})$,
where  $\kappa$ is a scaling factor that is used to prevent a too
big step that could result from correlations.
\begin{figure}
\begin{centering}
\subfloat[iteration $i$]{\begin{centering}
\begin{tikzpicture}
  \draw[->] (0,0) -- (4,0);
  \draw[->] (0,0) -- (0,2);

  \draw (1,0)[line width=3pt] -- (1,1.00);
  \draw (2,0)[line width=3pt] -- (2,1.75);
  \draw (3,0)[line width=3pt] -- (3,0.5);

\draw (1,0) node[anchor=north] {$\Xi^{(i)}_{-1}$};
\draw (2,0) node[anchor=north] {$\Xi^{(i)}_{0}$};
\draw (3,0) node[anchor=north] {$\Xi^{(i)}_{+1}$};

\end{tikzpicture}
\par\end{centering}
}\subfloat[iteration $i+1$]{\begin{centering}
\begin{tikzpicture}
  \draw[->] (0,0) -- (4,0);
  \draw[->] (0,0) -- (0,2);

  \draw (1,0)[line width=3pt] -- (1,0.60);
  \draw (2,0)[line width=3pt] -- (2,1.75);
  \draw (3,0)[line width=3pt] -- (3,0.60);

\draw (1,0) node[anchor=north] {$\Xi^{(i+1)}_{-1}$};
\draw (2,0) node[anchor=north] {$\Xi^{(i+1)}_{0}$};
\draw (3,0) node[anchor=north] {$\Xi^{(i+1)}_{+1}$};

\end{tikzpicture}
\par\end{centering}
}
\par\end{centering}
\centering{}\caption{Exemplary relation between the values $\Xi_{-1},\Xi_{0},\Xi_{+1}$
in iteration $i$ and $i+1$, for $\Delta^{(i)}=(0,...,\delta_{j\min},...,0)$
with (\ref{eq:deltamin}). It always holds that $\Xi_{-1}^{(i+1)}=\Xi_{+1}^{(i+1)}$
and $\Xi^{(i+1)}\protect\leq\Xi^{(i)}$.}
\label{Fig:Optimization}
\end{figure}

\subsection{Choice of $\rho^{(i)}$}

In order to chose $\rho^{(i)}$ so that (\ref{eq:increasing}) holds,
let us investigate the relation between $p_{\check{\mathbf{c}}}^{(i+1)}$
and $p_{\check{\mathbf{c}}}^{(i)}$, and between $\Xi^{(i+1)}$ and
$\Xi^{(i)}$ in (\ref{eqn:step2}).

First, we have
\[
p_{\mathbf{\hat{\mathbf{c}}}}^{(i+1)}=\gamma^{(\rho\cdot\mathbf{w}_{1}^{(i)}+\rho\cdot\mathbf{w}_{2}^{(i)})\check{\mathbf{c}}^{T}}=(p_{\mathbf{\hat{\mathbf{c}}}}^{(i)})^{\rho}.
\]
The same holds for all words in $\mathbb{C}_{\cap}$ and as exponentiation
is monotonous, the most likely codeword for $\mathbf{w}_{1},\mathbf{w}_{2}$
remains also the most likely codeword for $\rho\cdot\mathbf{w}_{1},\rho\cdot\mathbf{w}_{2}$.

Concerning the relation between $\Xi^{(i+1)}$ and $\Xi^{(i)}$, it
is obvious that for $\rho=1$ we have $\Xi^{(i+1)}=\Xi^{(i)}$, but
there is no simple expression for $\rho\ne1$. However, as one can
always compute $\Xi^{(i+1)}$ for a given $\rho$, one can try to
optimize $\rho$ using e.g. a gradient technique. Most importantly,
one can always ensure that (\ref{eq:increasing}) holds, by computing
$p_{\mathbf{\hat{\mathbf{c}}}}^{(i+1)}$ and $\Xi^{(i+1)}$ for a
given $\rho$. We propose and investigate two simple approaches in
the context of our experiments in Section~\ref{sec:Experiments}.

\subsection{Stopping Criteria}

Decoding is successful when $\hat{\mathbf{c}}^{(i)}=(\hat{c}_{1}^{(i)},...,\hat{c}_{n}^{(i)})$
with
\[
\hat{c}_{j}^{(i)}:=\text{sign}\left(\frac{\sum_{(\mathbf{s},\mathbf{s'})\in\mathbb{C}_{1}\times\mathbb{C}_{2}}\gamma^{\mathbf{w}_{1}^{(i)}\mathbf{s}^{T}+\mathbf{w}_{2}^{(i)}\mathbf{s}'^{T}}\langle s_{j}=s'_{j}=+1\rangle}{\sum_{(\mathbf{s},\mathbf{s'})\in\mathbb{C}_{1}\times\mathbb{C}_{2}}\gamma^{\mathbf{w}_{1}^{(i)}\mathbf{s}^{T}+\mathbf{w}_{2}^{(i)}\mathbf{s}'^{T}}\langle s_{j}=s'_{j}=-1\rangle}\right)
\]
is contained in $\mathbb{C}_{1}$ and $\mathbb{C}_{2}$.

\section{Experiments\label{sec:Experiments}}

TBD

\section{Conclusions}

TBD

\bibliographystyle{plain}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


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Dud leaves home
Us fellers: "Dud leaves home" | Goldwyn-Bray Pictographs, no. 7009 Dud wants to buy his girlfriend Maime an ice cream cone so he breaks open his mother's bank, and splits their last dime in half in the process. His mother punishes him so he runs away. Dud is scared by imaginary ghosts in the dark, so he runs back home where he gets a spanking from his mother.
Contributor: Carlson, Wallace - Bray Pictures Corporation - Afi/Marshall (George) Collection (Library of Congress)
TR in St. Paul, Minn. [1917]
Theodore Roosevelt in St. Paul, Minn. 1917 | TR in Saint Paul, Minn. 1917 | TR in St. Paul, Minn., 1918 | TR speaking at St. Paul, Minn., 1918 Roosevelt views a large pro-war parade assembled in his honor in St. Paul, Minn. on Sept. 28, 1917. Long shot of large American flag as it is carried by women through crowd; close shots of officials on platform observing parade, including Roosevelt; Louis W. Hill, parade organizer and civic leader; Joseph A. A. Burnquist, governor of Minnesota (1915-1921); and Vivian R. Irvin, mayor of...
Contributor: Roosevelt, Theodore - Hill, Louis Warren - Burnquist, J. A. A. (Joseph Alfred Arner) - Irvin, Vivian R. - Theodore Roosevelt Association Collection (Library of Congress)
TR speaking in St. Paul, Minnesota, 1918
Theodore Roosevelt speaking in St. Paul, Minnesota, 1918 | TR speaking in Saint Paul, Minnesota, 1918 Views of TR, wearing a mourning armband for his son Quentin, delivering a speech from a covered platform to a large crowd gathered in an open area of what appears to be a factory and surrounding area; close-up of TR, prepared text in hand, speaking to the camera.
Contributor: Roosevelt, Theodore - Theodore Roosevelt Association Collection (Library of Congress)
TR at San Diego Exposition, 1915
Theodore Roosevelt at San Diego Exposition, 1915 | Theodore Roosevelt attends San Diego Exposition, 1915 Theodore Roosevelt attends the Panama-California Exposition on Roosevelt Day, July 27, 1915. He arrives at the United States Government Building in an open touring car with two men in the rear seat. The man who is wearing a ribbon on his coat appears to be George W. Marston, park commissioner. Gilbert Aubrey Davidson, president of the Exposition, and others greet Roosevelt and his party....
Contributor: Stineman, Ralph P. - Roosevelt, Theodore - Marston, George W. - Davidson, Gilbert Aubrey - Roosevelt, Edith Kermit Carow - Theodore Roosevelt Association Collection (Library of Congress)
Charles E. Hughes speaking during campaign, Duquesne, Pa., 1916 Presidential candidate Charles Evans Hughes campaigns in Pittsburgh vicinity on Sept. 27, 1916. Hughes was on a strenuous tour in an attempt to knit together various Republican factions. In Pittsburgh area he was joined by Republican notables, some of whom had been at odds with him: Senator Boies Penrose, Philander Knox, William Flinn. Hughes spoke in opposition to the eight-hour day and was silent...
Contributor: Hughes, Charles Evans - Coleman, William H. - Universal Film Manufacturing Company - Community Motion Picture Service, Inc - Theodore Roosevelt Association Collection (Library of Congress)
King Edward's funeral, 1910 [2] Ceremonial funeral procession of King Edward VII (1901-1910) passing through the streets of London on May 20, 1910. Views of the moving casket, heads of state walking behind the casket, the royal carriage, and various marching military units. Attending the ceremony were Kaiser Wilhelm II, Stéphen Pichon, Kings of Spain, Portugal, Denmark, Archduke Franz Ferdinand, and Theodore Roosevelt, representing the United States. Roosevelt is...
TR speaking at [Pueblo] Colorado, 1912
Theodore Roosevelt speaking at Pueblo, Colorado, 1912 As part of a Western tour, TR addresses crowd in his campaign for the Presidency under the Progressive Party banner in what appears to be Pueblo, Colorado, on September 19, 1912. Long shots of gathered crowd, with views of two cameramen on a platform with the sign: Mile High Photo Co., Denver. Views from varying distances of TR speaking with prepared text, from a...
Shall we prepare?
TR speaking at Sagamore | TR in Metropolitan Magazine office, 1916 | Theodore Roosevelt speaking at Sagamore | Theodore Roosevelt in Metropolitan Magazine office, 1916 Two sequences of TR: Sequence 1: views of TR walking onto the porch of Sagamore Hill, Oyster Bay, N.Y., facing the camera, and then speaking on military preparedness during WWI; Sequence 2: views of TR sitting at his desk in the Metropolitan Magazine office in New York City and speaking with a man who may be Carl Hovey, editor of the magazine.
Contributor: Roosevelt, Theodore - Hovey, Carl - Paramount Pictures Corporation - Bray Studios - Theodore Roosevelt Association Collection (Library of Congress)
TR speaking at the Battery, 1910
Theodore Roosevelt speaking at the Battery, 1910 Upon returning to the United States after an extended tour abroad, Theodore Roosevelt is welcomed with elaborate festivities in New York City on June 18, 1910. There are views of Roosevelt and Cornelius Vanderbilt, the chairman of the welcoming committee, walking toward the Battery Park platform, with photographers lining their approach. Mayor William J. Gaynor greets Roosevelt at the base of the Battery platform,...
Contributor: Roosevelt, Theodore - Vanderbilt, Cornelius - Gaynor, William Jay - Theodore Roosevelt Association Collection (Library of Congress)
TR reviews and addresses troops [Fort Sheridan, Ill.]; TR riding in auto, Chicago, 1917
TR riding in auto, Chicago, 1917 | Theodore Roosevelt reviews and addresses troops [Fort Sheridan, Ill.] | Theodore Roosevelt riding in auto, Chicago, 1917 Two segments of TR during a midwestern speaking tour in support of military preparedness. On September 27, 1917, TR visited the officers' training camp at Fort Sheridan, Illinois. Views of troops marching past a reviewing stand for inspection by TR and several civilian and military personnel; identified on the platform with TR are Captain Georges Etienne Bertrand (wearing beret), a visiting Frenchman who instructed...
Contributor: Roosevelt, Theodore - Bertrand, Georges Etienne - Ryan, James A. - Meeker, Arthur - Insull, Samuel - Universal Film Manufacturing Company - Theodore Roosevelt Association Collection (Library of Congress)
TR's return to New York, 1910. [No. 1]
Theodore Roosevelt's return to New York, 1910 On June 18, 1910, Theodore Roosevelt returned to New York City after a fifteen-month tour abroad, having travelled through Africa and western Europe. An elaborate city celebration drawing a million people marked his homecoming. Aboard the ocean liner Kaiserin Auguste Victoria ex-President and Mrs. Roosevelt were met by a revenue cutter, the Manhattan, carrying the Roosevelt children. TR then went aboard a larger cutter,...
Contributor: Braunstein, Nathan - Roosevelt Memorial Association - Theodore Roosevelt Association Collection (Library of Congress)
President Harding and Calvin Coolidge [1] Various scenes of the official notification ceremonies held on July 22, 1920 for Warren G. Harding, selected as the Presidential candidate by 17th Republican National Convention and Calvin Coolidge, selected as the Vice Presidential nominee. Opening views of Harding, followed by scenes of him and his wife, Florence Kling Harding, in Marion, Ohio; Harding, Coolidge, and Will H. Hays, Republican National Committee chairman, getting...
Contributor: Harding, Warren G. (Warren Gamaliel) - Coolidge, Calvin - Harding, Florence Kling - Hays, Will H. (Will Harrison) - Harding, George T. - Lodge, Henry Cabot - Morrow, Edwin P. - Republican National Convention - Community Motion Picture Service, Inc - Theodore Roosevelt Association Collection (Library of Congress)
President Wilson arrives in New York to lead fourth Liberty Loan parade [1918] Views of fourth Liberty Loan ceremonies in New York City and Washington, Sept. 1918. Inaugurating a national drive for the sale of liberty bonds, President Wilson, his wife Edith, and mother-in-law, Mrs. W. H. Bolling, arrive in New York on Sept. 27, 1918. At Pennsylvania Railroad Station they are greeted by crowds and joined by the President's two daughters, Margaret Wilson and Eleanor McAdoo,...
Contributor: International Film Service - Roosevelt Memorial Association - Pathé Exchange - Theodore Roosevelt Association Collection (Library of Congress)
Women suffragettes visit TR at Sagamore [1917]
Women suffragettes visit Theodore Roosevelt at Sagamore, 1917 Film is the opening of the second New York State suffrage campaign on Sept. 8, 1917 at Sagamore Hill. The first campaign, beginning in 1913, was unsuccessful; the woman suffrage amendment was rejected by the voters in 1915. On Nov. 6, 1917, the suffrage amendment to the New York State Constitution was approved by the voters. The suffragists invited to Sagamore Hill were headed...
Contributor: Roosevelt, Theodore - Whitehouse, Vira Boarman - Reid, Helen Rogers - Laidlaw, H. (Harriet Burton) - Theodore Roosevelt Association Collection (Library of Congress)
Last known home of Czar Nicholas Camera pans the home of a merchant named Ipatiev, where Nicholas II, last Russian emperor, and his royal family were executed in Ekaterinburg (Sverdlovsk), July 1918. Second sequence is views of men, identified by interior title as Bolshevik prisoners, standing behind barbed wire as guards patrol.
Contributor: Rainey, Paul James - Theodore Roosevelt Association Collection (Library of Congress)
A visit to Theodore Roosevelt at his home at Sagamore Hill, Oyster Bay, L.I., 1912
Visit to the illustrious colonel | Visite à l'illustre colonel | Theodore Roosevelt First film footage taken of Theodore Roosevelt at his home at Sagamore Hill, Oyster Bay, Long Island, summer of 1912. Views of the house and surrounding grounds. Roosevelt reviews his mail, assisted by his son Archie. William P. Helm, Associated Press correspondent for New York City and Washington from 1910 to 1918, who was detailed to Woodrow Wilson and Roosevelt during the 1912 campaign,...
Contributor: Roosevelt, Theodore - Roosevelt, Archibald (Archibald Bulloch) - Helm, William P. (William Pickett) - Pathé Frères (U.S.) - Roosevelt Memorial Association - Theodore Roosevelt Association Collection (Library of Congress)
President McKinley's funeral, 1901. [No. 1]
President McKinley's funeral, 1901 [1] Three sequences of the funeral ceremonies held for President William McKinley: Sequence 1: McKinley's body lay in state in the Rotunda of the Capitol, Washington, D.C. on Sept. 17, 1901; views of officers on horseback, the Artillery Band (wearing dark headdresses), a squadron of cavalry, a battalion of artillery and coast artillery, Marine Band (wearing white helmets), battalion of Marines, civilians carrying umbrellas (may...
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Leonard Wood lays cornerstone of Roosevelt House, 1921
Pathé news. On Jan. 6, 1921, the restoration of TR's birthplace by the Woman's Roosevelt Memorial Association is officially begun with the laying of the Roosevelt House cornerstone. Views of crowds pressing around platform; Major General Leonard Wood, TR's longtime friend and political associate, preparing to set stone in place; Corinne Robinson, TR's sister and a frequent participant in Roosevelt House activities, speaking to assembled crowd....
Contributor: Pathe News - Roosevelt Memorial Association - Theodore Roosevelt Association Collection (Library of Congress)
TR speaking to a group of suffragettes from the porch at Sagamore Hill [1917]
Theodore Roosevelt speaking to a group of suffragettes from the porch at Sagamore Hill, 1917 TR addresses a group of men and women at the opening of the second New York State suffrage campaign on Sept. 8, 1917 at Sagamore Hill. Film includes a side view of TR and a frontal view shot from the rear of the crowd. A woman and a man appear on the porch behind TR; immediately in front of the porch, a man who...
Contributor: Roosevelt Memorial Association - International Newsreel Corporation - Theodore Roosevelt Association Collection (Library of Congress)
TR and Leonard Wood at the New York flower show, 1917
Theodore Roosevelt and Leonard Wood at the New York flower show, 1917 Shots of TR and Leonard Wood on March 20, 1917, at the 5th Annual International Flower Show, Grand Central Palace in New York City. Medium-close view of TR and Wood standing together and talking, facing camera; TR, seated, poses for photographer, with Wood and an unidentified man standing behind him.
Oscar Straus Close shot of Oscar S. Straus, author, United States ambassador, member of the Permanent Court of Arbitration at The Hague for six three-year terms beginning in 1902, and Secretary of Commerce and Labor in TR's Cabinet (1906-1909). Seated at desk, Straus answers telephone and talks.
Contributor: Straus, Oscar S. (Oscar Solomon) - Theodore Roosevelt Association Collection (Library of Congress)
Date: 191?
[Quentin Roosevelt]; Clemenceau and Foch, 1917-1919
Clemenceau and Foch, 1917-1919 | Quentin and Archie Roosevelt's regiments Film appears to have been photographed in France during WWI. Medium close shot of Quentin Roosevelt with a small building in background; brief shot of French and American officers, including Lieutenant Edward V. Rickenbacker at immediate right, talking; view of a troop train moving through a European town as people line the tracks waving to soldiers. Final sequence is medium close panning shots, from...
Contributor: Roosevelt, Quentin - Clemenceau, Georges - Foch, Ferdinand - Pershing, John J. (John Joseph) - Rickenbacker, Eddie - Tardieu, André - Weygand, Maxime - McAndrews, James W. - Theodore Roosevelt Association Collection (Library of Congress)
The Prince of Wales visits TR's grave
Prince of Wales visits Theodore Roosevelt's grave In the summer of 1919, Edward, the Prince of Wales, later King Edward VIII, embarked on a tour of the Dominions. After touring Canada for several months, the Prince decided to spend several days in the United States. His visit was the first visit of a Prince of Wales to the United States since that of his grandfather, Edward VII, fifty years earlier. On...
Contributor: International Film Service - International Newsreel Corporation - Roosevelt Memorial Association - Theodore Roosevelt Association Collection (Library of Congress)
TR at Fargo, N.D., during Progressive campaign, 1912 [1]
Theodore Roosevelt at Fargo, N.D., during Progressive campaign, 1912, 1 As part of a western campaign tour, TR speaks to crowds and firms up Progressive Party structure in the area of Fargo, North Dakota, September 6, 1912. Several views from varying distances of TR greeting and speaking to crowds from rear of train; TR addressing large crowd from a decorated platform, apparently in a stadium; TR speaking from rear of train to Indian men,...
Contributor: Roosevelt, Theodore - Roosevelt, George E. - Theodore Roosevelt Association Collection (Library of Congress)
Emperor Francis Joseph of Austria greeted by his people Views of Francis Joseph I, Emperor of Austria-Hungary, and an entourage of military officers and civilians walking down a wide avenue; the street is lined with people greeting the Emperor. Interior title notes location as Vienna, Austria and notes TR as being entertained by the Emperor at the palace. TR visited the Emperor in April, 1910; there are no views of TR on film.
Contributor: Franz Joseph I - Theodore Roosevelt Association Collection (Library of Congress)
Photo, Print, Drawing 2
Manuscript/Mixed Material 2
Washington D.C. 31
Cuba 20
Motion Picture, Broadcasting and Recorded Sound Division
Library of Congress Online Catalog 697
Inventing Entertainment: The Early Motion Pictures and Sound Recordings of the Edison Companies 328
National Screening Room 179
America at Work, America at Leisure: Motion Pictures from 1894 to 1915 151
Theodore Roosevelt: His Life and Times on Film 95
The Spanish-American War in Motion Pictures 69
Variety Stage Sound Recordings and Motion Pictures 64
Selections from the National Film Registry 57
The Life of a City: Early Films of New York, 1898 to 1906 46
More Part ofs
Paper Print Collection (Library of Congress) 513
Thomas A. Edison, Inc 390
American Mutoscope and Biograph Company 176
White, James H. (James Henry) 160
Niver (Kemp) Collection (Library of Congress) 140
Theodore Roosevelt Association Collection (Library of Congress) 94
Heise, William 65
Bitzer, G. W. 60
Porter, Edwin S. 54
Blechynden, Frederick 52
Short Films 618
Silent Films 572
Nonfiction Films 542
Actualities (Motion Pictures) 418
New York (State) 131
Fiction Films 89
Comedy Films 75
Collections with Film and Video

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Maple Hill subdivision has approximately 178 homes in the neighborhood that were built between 1985 - 1988. Maple Hill is located north of 6 Mile Rd just West of Haggerty. A lot of these homes have gone through rennovations so you will see a lot of updated kitchens and bathrooms in this neighborhood.
"We accepted an offer within a week of listing our home, which really surprised us (and even our friends and family) but we have to say, we are thrilled. This process has been so easy. Jim and his team are the best!"
Children in this neighborhood attend Northville schools which is one of the highest rated school districts in the state: Winchester Elementary and Northville High School. Northville schools are outstanding. Supported by the finest administrative staff, the teachers are enthused and challenge each child to strive for academic excellence.
Or, you can also learn about other Northville and Novi home communities.


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Privacy of Your Smart Phone: Police Search and Seizure and Apple's Fight Against the FBI
There is a huge privacy fight going on this month up in Washington regarding privacy and your smart phone, as the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) wants access to all the data that is setting encrypted on the iPhone taken by the local police in the aftermath of the San Bernardino shootings. Some may argue that this deals only with that criminal case, but they'd be wrong.
If the federal government is allowed to force Apple to write code allowing an override of the phone's encryption so the agents can read the stored phone content, then a precedent has been set that can be used later.
Against other people. Other defendants. You.
Apple iPhone and the FBI: Curious Controversy Up in Congress
This is a very big deal. Last month, the FBI jumped its first hurdle when it convinced a California federal court judge to rule that Apple should do what's necessary to access the encrypted data on the San Bernardino's iPhone. Apple appealed the decision.
Congress is holding a hearing on this request. In testimony before Congress yesterday, the head honcho of the FBI, Director James Comey testified that a court ruling forcing Apple to fork over to the FBI the content that is contained on the San Bernardino iPhone is "potentially precedential" — and that the ruling might well be used by the FBI in the future against other phone companies to access encrypted data on other phones.
Interesting question: this controversy exploded into the courts and Congress because the FBI made a "mistake" in dealing with the iPhone long ago and reset the password on the iPhone. Once they did that, the software will automatically delete the phone's content if the FBI fails to enter the correct password in a certain number of tries.
That's why they had to go to Apple for help, and that's how the court case began — because Apple said nope. Surely the FBI knew better than to make such a simple mistake?
Another good question: where's the NSA in all this? Why did the FBI go over to Apple and ask them to help gain access to the iPhone? Why not just get the hackers at the NSA to wave their magic wands and grab the content?
Good questions to ponder, aren't they?
Search and Seizure Laws Exist to Protect Your Privacy
Under the Federal Constitution, as well as the Texas Constitution and state and federal laws, you have a right to privacy and the police powers are limited. Law enforcement cannot wily nilly grab your cell phone and use it, or take stuff off of it, without due process.
It should come as no surprise that law enforcement doesn't always respect those privacy rights. Sometimes, they ignore the constitutional right to privacy intentionally. Sometimes, they just don't know any better.
Criminal defense lawyers in Dallas, North Texas, and elsewhere must be on the lookout in every case for unreasonable searches and seizures. It's important, because if you have been searched illegally and as a result your property (including your phone and its content) has been unconstitutionally seized, then it IS NOT ADMISSIBLE in court and cannot be used by the prosecution in any case he or she is trying to bring against you.
Furthermore, any evidence that is "fruit of that poisonous tree" can be excluded as well.
What is an Illegal Search and Seizure?
The Fourth Amendment, as a general rule, is violated when there is any search and seizure without the police having a judge's approval to do so via a proper search warrant. The search warrant is a document signed by the judge that okays the police doing the search and seizing property. It will state in its terms things like (1) where the police can and cannot look; and (2) what things they are allowed to look for during the search.
Search warrant language will give the police their directions on where they can go and what they can do: boundaries are defined, and particular items to be searched for are described.
Exceptions exist to this general rule, of course. An individual can waive the protection, and say "go ahead, do what you want." If there is an emergency, like someone is in imminent danger, say a kidnap victim or hostage, then that's an exception to the rule as well. Another one: if there is a concern that the police may be in danger, a "protective sweep" can be done for evidence in plain view that might be used to harm the officers.
Motions to Suppress
From a criminal defense perspective, the search and seizure has already happened by the time that the prosecution gets involved. They have the evidence and they want to use it. Defense lawyers have to go before the court and argue their motions to suppress the seized property on Fourth Amendment unconstitutional search and seizure grounds.
Sometimes, this will get the case tossed. Other times, it weakens the prosecution's case so much that plea negotiations for lower charges are likely to occur.
If that motion to suppress is not fought, then the evidence will be used. Unconstitutionally seized evidence is used against defendants by the District Attorney's Office all the time. That's not considered prosecutorial misconduct.
Moreover, prosecutors are fine with it. They want a win, and if the defendant doesn't move to suppress an unconstitutionally seized smart phone, then that is the defendant's problem from their perspective.
And if you think that prosecutors don't think this way and aren't prone to use all sorts of ways to get evidence for their case, think again.
Today, for instance, there was an example of prosecutorial-thinking in the ABA Journal, reporting on an Ohio state prosecutor who set up a fake Facebook account and began contacting defense witnesses who were providing alibi testimony for the defendant. The prosecutor got a one-year suspension for his Facebook antics — after he was caught. Gotta wonder if others are doing this without getting nabbed?
Encrypted Phones and Search and Seizure
It's easy to be swayed by the ownership of this particular phone: the San Bernardino shootings were terrorist acts. However, focus on the rights involved here. The iPhone has a password; if the FBI cannot unlock the phone within a certain number of tries, the Apple software will automatically delete the stored data. Same with your smartphone: too many incorrect passwords, and the phone assumes it's been stolen and erases all your stuff.
Now, the FBI wants case precedent to force the phone manufacturer to write new code for its phone that would override this security feature. Of course, this code would not work just on the San Bernardino phone. It would work on all the Apple iPhones. So it could be used again.
And the case itself could be used in the future against other phone companies to do the same thing with their products.
So, future motions to suppress the evidence found on these phones could not be successful, arguably, because prosecutors could reference the "Apple case" as their excuse for grabbing all the phone's content.
Outcries Against the FBI Action Against Privacy of Phone Owners
The Electronic Frontier Foundation has published lots of information on how serious this situation is for the privacy of all phone owners, and stands with Apple in the fight. So does the ACLU. From the American Civil Liberties Union:
"The Constitution does not permit the government to force companies to hack into their customers' devices. Apple is free to offer a phone that stores information securely, and it must remain so if consumers are to retain any control over their private data. The government's request … risks setting a dangerous precedent."
What does Apple say?
From Tim Cook, CEO of Apple, his letter to Apple customers and a FAQ on the Apple website:
February 16, 2016 A Message to Our Customers
The United States government has demanded that Apple take an unprecedented step which threatens the security of our customers. We oppose this order, which has implications far beyond the legal case at hand.
This moment calls for public discussion, and we want our customers and people around the country to understand what is at stake.
Answers to your questions about privacy and security
The Need for Encryption
Smartphones, led by iPhone, have become an essential part of our lives. People use them to store an incredible amount of personal information, from our private conversations to our photos, our music, our notes, our calendars and contacts, our financial information and health data, even where we have been and where we are going.
All that information needs to be protected from hackers and criminals who want to access it, steal it, and use it without our knowledge or permission. Customers expect Apple and other technology companies to do everything in our power to protect their personal information, and at Apple we are deeply committed to safeguarding their data.
Compromising the security of our personal information can ultimately put our personal safety at risk. That is why encryption has become so important to all of us.
For many years, we have used encryption to protect our customers' personal data because we believe it's the only way to keep their information safe. We have even put that data out of our own reach, because we believe the contents of your iPhone are none of our business.
The San Bernardino Case
We were shocked and outraged by the deadly act of terrorism in San Bernardino last December. We mourn the loss of life and want justice for all those whose lives were affected. The FBI asked us for help in the days following the attack, and we have worked hard to support the government's efforts to solve this horrible crime. We have no sympathy for terrorists.
When the FBI has requested data that's in our possession, we have provided it. Apple complies with valid subpoenas and search warrants, as we have in the San Bernardino case. We have also made Apple engineers available to advise the FBI, and we've offered our best ideas on a number of investigative options at their disposal.
We have great respect for the professionals at the FBI, and we believe their intentions are good. Up to this point, we have done everything that is both within our power and within the law to help them. But now the U.S. government has asked us for something we simply do not have, and something we consider too dangerous to create. They have asked us to build a backdoor to the iPhone.
Specifically, the FBI wants us to make a new version of the iPhone operating system, circumventing several important security features, and install it on an iPhone recovered during the investigation. In the wrong hands, this software — which does not exist today — would have the potential to unlock any iPhone in someone's physical possession.
The FBI may use different words to describe this tool, but make no mistake: Building a version of iOS that bypasses security in this way would undeniably create a backdoor. And while the government may argue that its use would be limited to this case, there is no way to guarantee such control.
The Threat to Data Security
Some would argue that building a backdoor for just one iPhone is a simple, clean-cut solution. But it ignores both the basics of digital security and the significance of what the government is demanding in this case.
In today's digital world, the "key" to an encrypted system is a piece of information that unlocks the data, and it is only as secure as the protections around it. Once the information is known, or a way to bypass the code is revealed, the encryption can be defeated by anyone with that knowledge.
The government suggests this tool could only be used once, on one phone. But that's simply not true. Once created, the technique could be used over and over again, on any number of devices. In the physical world, it would be the equivalent of a master key, capable of opening hundreds of millions of locks — from restaurants and banks to stores and homes. No reasonable person would find that acceptable.
The government is asking Apple to hack our own users and undermine decades of security advancements that protect our customers — including tens of millions of American citizens — from sophisticated hackers and cybercriminals. The same engineers who built strong encryption into the iPhone to protect our users would, ironically, be ordered to weaken those protections and make our users less safe.
We can find no precedent for an American company being forced to expose its customers to a greater risk of attack. For years, cryptologists and national security experts have been warning against weakening encryption. Doing so would hurt only the well-meaning and law-abiding citizens who rely on companies like Apple to protect their data. Criminals and bad actors will still encrypt, using tools that are readily available to them.
A Dangerous Precedent
Rather than asking for legislative action through Congress, the FBI is proposing an unprecedented use of the All Writs Act of 1789 to justify an expansion of its authority.
The government would have us remove security features and add new capabilities to the operating system, allowing a passcode to be input electronically. This would make it easier to unlock an iPhone by "brute force," trying thousands or millions of combinations with the speed of a modern computer.
The implications of the government's demands are chilling. If the government can use the All Writs Act to make it easier to unlock your iPhone, it would have the power to reach into anyone's device to capture their data. The government could extend this breach of privacy and demand that Apple build surveillance software to intercept your messages, access your health records or financial data, track your location, or even access your phone's microphone or camera without your knowledge.
Opposing this order is not something we take lightly. We feel we must speak up in the face of what we see as an overreach by the U.S. government.
We are challenging the FBI's demands with the deepest respect for American democracy and a love of our country. We believe it would be in the best interest of everyone to step back and consider the implications.
While we believe the FBI's intentions are good, it would be wrong for the government to force us to build a backdoor into our products. And ultimately, we fear that this demand would undermine the very freedoms and liberty our government is meant to protect.
For more on search and seizures see our web resources and check out Michael Lowe's Case Results. Also, check out his article,
PRE-ARREST CRIMINAL INVESTIGATIONS – Dallas Justice Blog
Posted on March 2, 2016 by Michael Lowe , on Arrest and Indictment, DA Watch, Evidence, Orwellian Threats to Rights, Search and Seizures


Vacuum Pump Kit VP1 [VP1] - £568.00 : Everything-EV.com - Electric Vehicles, Conversions, Kits, Motors, Controllers, Batteries, DC-DC Converters, Vacuum Pumps, Parts, Scooters, Electric Cars, Consultancy!
Our lightest, quietest, highest efficiency and most sophisticated vacuum pump.
Power: 12V < 2.5A approx.
Kit includes: pump with internal solid-state vacuum switch, integral input tube ferrule and rubber mounts.
Installation is straightforward: The vacuum pump will operate in any position although horizontal installation is preferred. The three rubber mount feet can be bolted down onto any suitable surface with appropriate M6 hardware (not supplied) for your application. The two pole connector should be crimped and connected to a 12V supply and chassis earth. Please note that the polarity of the wiring to the connector is important. There are very small + and - signs moulded into the plastic immediately next to the metal terminals inside the connector housing on the vacuum pump. The + terminal should be wired via the appropriate pole of the connector to a 12V supply and the - terminal should be connected via the other pole of the connector to chassis earth. Usually the 12V supply is sourced from a switched supply such as the ignition key switch on the vehicle.
Dimensions (approx): length 190.5mm x width 118mm x height 139mm - weight 1.35kg approx.


The Rock and Roll Hall of Famers are teaming up with local leaders to ensure every young person in Seattle and King County, Washington has a home by 2020.
The Pearl Jam singer aimed some harsh words at the President at a recent concert.
The exhibit will feature more than 200 Pearl Jam artifacts that have been stored in their Seattle warehouse and will open in August.
If you missed Nirvana's induction featuring Joan Jett and Lorde filling in for Kurt Cobain, now you can buy a copy of it.
Following the release of a brand new song over the weekend, Pearl Jam have announced an upcoming album. It'll be the first from the grunge legends since 2013.
Pearl Jam Ticket Details For Seattle Shows Released!
Pearl Jam Announces Two Big Shows in Washington!
Pearl Jam's 'Obey the Law of the Heart' comes from the upcoming move 'Basmati Blues,' starring Brie Larson.


We'll help you lodge a claim with the RAF – so you get the payout you deserve.
Whether you're driving, are a passenger in someone else's car or a pedestrian on the road, accidents can happen – which can involve injuries, hospital visits or even a loss of life. With our Added Value for Accidents service, we'll help you lodge a Road Accident Fund (RAF) claim, ensuring you receive the compensation you deserve. You can then use this amount to cover things like medical bills, loss of income or funeral expenses.
With Added Value for Accidents, there are no additional costs to you or lawyers involved, and we'll handle the paperwork from start to finish – so you can focus on what matters most.
*Any claimant under the age of 18 must be assisted by a parent or legal guardian.


Yeah, normally I blog on Mondays, but I'm being different today. I have a few minutes while I run some crazy scans on various machines in my subnet, so I thought I'd take advantage. And blog.
So the weekend was one of those up and down ones. Where good stuff happened, and not so good stuff happened, and then it all happened again. As for my "date" on Saturday, I kind of got stood up. That wasn't so good. She was occupied and didn't have my cell number, so she couldn't call me ahead of time. Turns out she was overly detained by her three kids. I guess that can happen sometimes. Seeing as I don't have three kids, I don't know for sure.
I did get to do two demos at the health fair at Union High School, helping the school. The first day (Saturday) we were supposed to start around one, but something got mixed up, so they gave us an additional time to demo the following day. Originally it was only on the one day. The first day was interesting. We had a karate school demo before us, and it was mostly kids, and then the instructor breaking single boards with spinning kicks, urging the crowd to clap together to get a rhythm going. I guess it helped him. What, being only 6'4" and breaking each BOARD with spinning kicks. Must have made him nervous. So after he finishes we get to start. We shared our time with two other schools; one was taekwondo, one was kenpo. We split our demo time. By split, I mean that we'd do two kung fu demos, and then one of the other two schools would demo. Repeat that pattern. I guess a lot of people weren't used to the demo atmosphere, because they got quite nervous. There were quite a few mistakes. Two of our students, students who are senior to me and just got their black belts, did a sparring set. And somehow lost it in the middle, somewhere. They managed to figure out something, although it was apparent they lost their train of focus. Train of PAIN, more like it. I did a single set near the beginning, and it actually went quite well! I did my form low and fiercely. It was strong enough that the couple of people in the front row would tense up as I moved towards them, although I never got closer than about three feet. I got complements, though, which was cool.
It was a lot of forms for a bit, with single forms, sparring sets, so forth. Justin and I did a sparring set, turns out he's already feeling much better. I think it went quite well. Very fast, very hard. Helped re-bruise some bruises I had gotten from training for the self-defense part of the demo. Then I did another sparring set with the senior student from the kid's class - he was very nervous (was throwing up early that day, but turns out it was all nerves), but he did very well! I think it may have impressed some people. After that it was time for a breaking demo by the taekwondo school. Sadly, they actually did not successfully break more than half their attempts. One was a girl who tried a back spinning heel kick into two boards. It really looked to me and Justin like her attempts were warmups, only we realized after a couple that she was really trying to break the boards. It was about as hard as if she had jumped in the air about a foot and a half and then landed. No stomp, just a mild thud. I think she wasn't happy, though. I felt kind of bad for the school, but everyone has bad days.
After that we did some self-defense techniques, out of the five animal sets. I did a tiger technique and a dragon technique, and they both worked fairly well. Then the kenpo school did a sparring demo with swords, samauri-style. It was all impromptu, so no real set movements were planned. It was interesting. Finally, we finished with Sifu doing the always impressive bending of the rebar. Seven feet long, half an inch diameter. Think you could bend rebar that big? Maybe. Could you do it by putting one end against a piece of wood (being held by Justin, who in turn was braced by four other people), and the other end against the small of your throat? Sifu can. And did. It was quite cool. A bunch of kids were checking out the bent rebar afterwards.
So yeah. LOTS of kung fu. With a slight break for church on Sunday. My guitar now has only eleven strings, since I snapped one during practice on Wednesday, but I felt like I played fairly well, considering. And I did get a few complements, too. Always nice.
Then MORE kung fu on Monday. Small class, although I led everyone through warmups for the first time in a while. I like leading warmups. I usually push a bit harder than other people, so everyone's sweating by the end. It felt like a good class, though. Ending with some good chin na techniques, which I personally like quite a bit.
And I have more kung fu later today. For about three hours. That's a lot of kung fu! I like kung fu. It's a good thing, because if I didn't, I'd probably be miserable right now. I kind of am, because I'm coming down with either an infection or allergies. My nose is running like a dog trying to catch a crazy fast frisbee. Which means lots of Kleenex. Which means my nose will be turning red pretty soon. Which is sucky. But that's okay, I can deal with it.
Okay, time to check on my scanned machines. Hope you're having a lovely day! My week this week looks like it's going to be at least 100% better than last week. Which is good. Random link! I think I've posted before, but now this special something is at a 1.0 pre-release version. If you're not running it already, I HIGHLY recommend it. No pop-ups, will prevent a lot of spyware installations - trust me, if I've fixed a machine for you, you'll know the benefits.
Great attack krav maga technique site you have here. You're invited to come check out my attack krav maga technique site as well.


Hawker dining style and sharable feasts await you at this eclectic, pop culture and crazy technicolored venue. Settled in an old Asian food factory, treat your taste buds Asian style street eats that pack a flavour punch. Serving you the freshest ingredients and open 7 days til late night, you'll Bao down with Kwan Brothers and thank us!
Doughnut lovers rejoice! Keep your sugar addictions at bay with this hole in the wall (literally). DT doughnuts come in artisanal flavours from Maple Bacon to Salted Caramel and even Nutella filled. OMG! Doughnuts are lovingly hand-dipped and preservative free, your taste buds will be guaranteed to be seduced.


If you want to sell your house fast, it is important that you put your house in the market after you know the objectives surrounding the process. You need to know that putting your house in the market for sale is not an assurance that it will get sold right away; there are certain factors that you need to consider first. You have to understand that some properties don't get sold right away because some sellers are giving ideas to the potential buyers that there is something wrong with the property even though there isn't. Make sure you read the article below if you want to know more about how to sell your house quick and easy.
Make sure that you ready your house first for the market before you put it up for sale. Make sure that you aim to attract people in the market if you want your home to sell faster than ever but it won't be easy. It is important that you find more people to look at your home because more people will look at your home, the higher chance you have of selling your home quickly. The more potential buyers the higher the chance of you have in getting the best price for your home and that is something that you should aim for in the market.
Clean and put the clutter out and repair the parts that need some fixing. You have to understand that one mistake will make it hard for you to sell your home. You might be quite stoked to move in to the new house but before you do, you will have to invest a little bit of cash to make the old house look nicer to sell. The economy is tight which means people will only buy homes that they know will be worth the money and to have certain repairs needed, most will never go for it. If you invest in repairs, you will have a better chance of selling the property because people will see how nice your property actually is. Before you put your house in the market, make sure that you have already cleaned and fixed all of the needed repairs because that is how you are going to have a better chance of attracting more people into buying your property. Selling your house to a cash home buying company is going to be the best option you have right now.


Starting your journey into the world of selling on Google shopping is a complicated path. We make it easy for you! We are highly experienced in setting up Google shopping campaigns, with much experience in AdWords and other SEO related tools which will help you to get ahead in the sales game. Allow us to guide you through the process, making it easy and simplified from the word go.
At web design Wellingborough, we understand how to best approach each individual campaign, with a highly knowledgable team when it comes to planning appropriate strategies! We can help you plan out the keyword phrases you want to target in your Google shopping campaign, with a view to getting the best results possible for you.
Google shopping allows you to open up your sales to an international market, which of course means you are much more likely to sell more! Our team can help set you up with the right shopping campaign to target the audiences you want to target in order to generate the best sales you can do.
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Manawatu Property Investors' Association
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Commercial Real Estate in the Manawatu - Steve Williams
Commercial Real Estate in the Manawatu
Steve came to Palmerston North to attend Massey University at the age of 18. Half way through his degree he allowed himself to be distracted and left to work for a local electronics retail business to earn money to complete his pilots license, the plan was a career in aviation. He got his pilots license but also got the bug for business and selling so he stayed. After a number of years he bought into the company and as General Manager was part of a team that grew the business to 70 staff and 7 branches.
After 20 years of highly successful retail he sold his interests in the company and left for a new adventure in the world of business. Then married with 4 children he launched into establishing the Commercial operation of Unique Realty Ltd – Professionals under an arrangement with owners Max & Joss Vertongen.
He returned to Massey and completed a Business Studies Diploma and nearly 22 years later and with a long established and successful team of four he's still enjoying every minute of it.
The Commercial operation specialises in Commercial Property Sales and Leasing, Business Broking and Commercial Property Management. The Professionals are proud of a number of achievements:
Top NZ Professionals Commercial Office currently and in most years
The Regions longest established specialist business brokerage team
The Region's largest portfolio of managed commercial properties – we are in effect the region's largest commercial landlord
A long established stable team – Kerrie has been with Steve 20 years and Pete 12 years.
18 Years ago, with some other Palmerstonians, Steve established the Palmerston North SafeCity Trust. It is a registered charitable trust dedicated to the social and economic well-being of Palmerston North's Central Business District and in particular mitigating alcohol related harm in the social centre of our vibrant 'young people's city'. Through this work Steve has been the recipient of the Palmerston North City Council Civic Honours Award for voluntary community service and also as a non-Rotarian and received the Paul Harris Fellowship Award for community contribution .
Many have asked for a Commercial Real Estate speaker and who better to present on 'our Commercial Property. Steve will cover the following:
Categories of Commercial & Industrial Property
The Implications and realities of Earthquake Prone Buildings
The association welcomes a local speaker
Palmerston North Bridge Club Corner Cook and Cuba Streets
Doors open from 7pm, supper included. Visitors welcome $20.00 entry,
Enquiries to: President, Pauline Beissel 0274719192
Neighbours from hell will increase
Landlords will not be able to protect neighbours
Need help or
mbie seminar
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You can expect a lot from the 2019 Toyota Tacoma. This 4 door, 5 passenger truck is ready to drive off the showroom floor! It features an automatic transmission, rear-wheel drive, and a 3.5 liter 6 cylinder engine. It's equipped with tons of terrific amenities, but it won't break your budget. Such as cruise control, 1-touch window functionality, an automatic dimming rear-view mirror, air conditioning, front fog lights, power windows, a trailer hitch, and more. Toyota ensures the safety and security of its passengers with equipment such as: dual front impact airbags, front side impact airbags, traction control, brake assist, anti-whiplash front head restraints, a security system, and ABS brakes. With electronic stability control supplementing mechanical systems, you'll maintain precise command of the roadway. We have a skilled and knowledgeable sales staff with many years of experience satisfying our customers needs. They'll work with you to find the right vehicle at a price you can afford. Come on in and take a test drive!


The solo mixtape from the Cool Kids' Mikey Rocks (aka Sir Michael Rocks) offers killer beats and smooth rhymes.
Do you monitor your heart rate during your workouts? Do you have a hard time keeping your heart rate high or low enough for an optimal workout? The Sportiiiis (pronounced Sport-Eyes) may be the answer for you!
The Sportiiiis is a fully-customizable fitness audio and visual feedback device that reads from any ANT+ compatible monitor. The device is cleverly attached to a runner's glasses such that a speaker is near the runner's ear to provide audio heart rate cues and a visual "boom" is present just in front of or behind the runner's glasses lens for a red/yellow/green light indication of whether you're within, near, or outside of your target heart rate range.
I received a Sportiiiis with a heart rate monitor belt for review. The device is also available without the monitor if you already have one. The package included the feedback device, two mounting brackets, cable ties to attach the brackets to glasses, a USB cable for charging and communication, and the ANT+ compatible heart rate monitor band (which attaches around the torso).
The user needs to start by charging the device. Plug in the device to any USB port and it will automatically start charging. Allow at least two hours for a complete first charge, although the website says it will charge in 75 minutes.
While the device is charging, download the Sportiiiis software to customize the device to your personal height, weight, and age data. The download is available for both Mac and PC.
The software has many capabilities. It will save your personal data, and then record your heart rate data from each of your workouts. It will also sync with other ANT+ devices, such as bike sensors and cadence sensors. In addition, it will let you fully customize your LED and audio feedback: LED brightness, the frequency of announcing current heart rates, and whether you prefer the LEDs to blink from right to left or from left to right.
The Sportiiiis user's manual provides much more information on the software's capabilities.
Use the software to pair the heart rate monitor with the sensor using the "Setup" menu on the left edge of the GUI.
Now that the software is set up and the Sportiiiis sensor is charged, it's time to hook it up to your glasses. Use the cable ties to attach the mounts to the glasses on either your left or right temple, and then the apparatus will slide right onto the mount easily.
Once the device is mounted, it's time to turn it on. There's a single red button on the underside of the device. Touch and hold the button until two beeps are heard. The device is now on and ready for commands, either from the red button, or else by tapping on the side of the device.
If the device is on and it's paired with the heart rate monitor, for the most part you're ready to run. Don your sunglasses and hit the road ... or the trail ... or the treadmill.
On my first run with the device, I wanted to throw the sensor out the window. I had failed to set the sensitivity of the built-in-accelerometer, nor had I set the frequency of the audio feedback. So this sultry woman's voice was telling me constantly that I was below my target heart rate ... within my target heart rate ... above my target heart rate. For all of three miles.
I also noticed that the visual cues boom sat so close to my eyes I could never really focus on it. I'm guessing that's by design, as seen in their website's photos, but it was somewhat bothersome to me. I probably didn't need the lights.
Because the sensor isn't in my ears I was able to wear my regular headphones and still hear the sensor well enough.
A final observation on my first run was that my heart rate seemed higher than I tend to measure on my own with a stopwatch and counting my own heartbeats. So on that first run, where I had put 150 bpm as my target heart rate in the GUI, I was told during most of my run that I was above the target heart rate.
So ... after that first run, with the woman's voice constantly talking to me, I made some adjustments by re-connecting the sensor to my MacBook and making the adjustments accordingly. I was able to adjust the heart rate values that corresponded with each LED color (in the "Zones" menu), the sensitivity of the tap-to-update sensor ("Setup"), and the frequency of the auto-updates ("Setup").
Subsequent runs were much much better. So let's sum up, shall we?
If you need to watch your heart rate for your workouts, such as for those keeping an eye on heart conditions, or those who are just starting workout programs, this is a perfect device.
The device is set up to work with any ANT+ compatible monitoring tool, which includes most heart rate monitors, bike speed sensors, and foot-cadence/speed sensors (which are available through Sportiiiis.com). There is an area of the GUI that lets you tune those devices for monitoring.
The sensor is unassuming and attaching it to the temple of your glasses or sunglasses isn't difficult.
Do you want to share the device with a friend or loved one? The Sportiiiis includes two mounting brackets for semi-permanent installation on two pair of glasses.
What if you're running indoors? And don't wear glasses? You might be up a creek. I don't know of another way to wear the sensor without glasses.
The mounting mechanism, although easy to use, is pretty large. If you care about the look of your glasses, you're better off getting an inexpensive pair expressly to use with this device.
It will take several workouts to get the sensitivity, feedback frequency, and LED light values tuned properly. Use a little patience and you will be rewarded with effective data.
The GUI appears simple to use, but those with fewer computer skills might have trouble with some of the less intuitive tasks. Setting the LED values is an example. It was frustrating at first; the users' manual said to slide the silver bars around to adjust the values, but that was very awkward. Simply double-clicking on the bars and typing in the numbers I wanted was much easier.
The Sportiiiis by 4iiii is $199 with a heart rate monitor, or $149 without. Accessories are also available. The Sportiiiis can be purchased through the company's website, or at other online outlets such as Amazon for less.
A sample was provided free of charge for purpose of this review.


text:
Protocolised Patient Management within the ICTPH Health Systems Model
By A.R. Selva Swetha, Research Analyst – ICTPH
This is a period of global demographic and developmental transition, which has been witness to significant behaviour and lifestyle changes. The next two decades of epidemiological transition pose a grave challenge, with dramatic shifts expected in the world's health needs. Major non-communicable and chronic diseases are fast replacing the traditional scourges of infectious diseases and malnutrition as the leading causes of death and disability. According to the WHO, infectious diseases are projected to account for less than a quarter of the India's disease burden in 2020. The increase in the proportion of non-communicable diseases, to become the principal burden of disease and disability in India creates the pressing need to provide for universal annual screening of every individual using standardised screening protocols and to give primary care, integrated within a protocolised framework, a much higher degree of importance relative to secondary and tertiary care.
In this context, within the Health Systems approach, we have sought to standardise the patient experience across our Rural Micro Health Centres (RMHCs). A complete end-to-end protocol has been developed: from the time the patient walks into the clinic, to the various patient interactions, to checkout. Every patient is made to go through a Pre-Consultation Protocol where a set of simple anthropometric measures are taken, followed by a Nurse-Patient Protocol where Vital Signs and Auscultations are measured. These two sets of protocols precede the clinical disease protocols at Consultation, which follow the SOAP methodology for diagnosis and treatment. The set of clinical disease protocols in the paper have been evolved in partnership with the the University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing. The list is not exhaustive – protocol development is ongoing and will organically evolve based on the RMHC patient feedback loop. The integration of these protocols with the Health Management Information System, which will evolve towards a decision support system, containing more comprehensively codified protocols and where the entire process of patient consultation is prompted step-by step, will enable greater adherence to standard protocols and minimise any diagnosis errors.
Read the paper here.
Jamison, D. T. (2006). Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries (2nd ed., pp. 3-36). New York: Oxford University Press.
WHO – Health Transition. (2011). Retrieved March 14, 2011, from World Health Organisation: http://www.who.int/trade/glossary/story050/en/index.html


"I've found my voice, and I now recognize that my story is important," Willi Freire (19B) said during an April 3 panel event hosted by student group Emory's Undocumented Students of America. Freire is a resident of the United States through the Deferred Actions for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) program.
Addressing about 80 students, faculty and community members, Freire and other speakers shared stories about the legal difficulties and emotional tolls facing immigrant families, the complications of identifying as American while legally considered undocumented and the importance of finding unity in the stories of other undocumented students.
The Wheel has excluded names and stories of those who did not want to be included in this article due to safety concerns.
During his freshman year, Freire attended a meeting hosted by Freedom at Emory University, an organization that advocates for rights of undocumented students, in hopes to learn about activism regarding undocumented immigrants. At the meeting, undocumented students introduced themselves by stating their legal status along with their name, hometown and intended major, Freire said.
In high school, Freire said he had difficulty explaining why he did not have a driver's license or why he never visited his native country. He would often respond with a "white lie" that concealed his undocumented status.
Freire noted the importance of ACA, which began accepting applicants in 2012 but stopped in 2017. DACA provides temporary deportation protection and work permits for immigrants who entered the United States illegally before age 16. Freire said the program provided him with an opportunity to drive, work and attend college.
Co-President of Emory's Undocumented Students of America Patrycja Kepa (21B) spoke about the complications that come with family members having differing legal statuses. Kepa, who was born in Greece, said her sister was born in Poland and her brother was born in the U.S.
When Kepa and her family came to the U.S., she was able to qualify for DACA, but her sister, who is four years younger, was unable to qualify. By the time her sister reached 15 years old, the qualifying age for DACA, the Department of Homeland Security stopped accepting applicants.
"Two years ago, we used to be able to sit down and talk about everything, but now all of our conversations boil down to why I have DACA and she doesn't," Kepa said.
Kepa said the relationship with her younger brother is completely different from that of her sister. After Kepa's brother was born, their mother returned to work, placing the burden of childcare on Kepa. Kepa's brother would often look to her as a mother figure, Kepa said.
For Matt Mach (18C), an undocumented immigrant from Poland, the threat of deportation became real for his family one year ago.
Mach said he received a phone call from his mother who said two U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement agents had detained Mach's father, who was eventually deported to Poland. His brothers and mother voluntarily moved back soon after.
"My worst fear had been realized," Mach said.
Mach said he called dozens of law firms asking if they could provide legal assistance for his father's case but none were willing to work without pay.
Despite the treatment his family faced from the U.S. immigration system, Mach said he remains optimistic about telling his story and advocating for change.
Associate Professor of Practice at the Business School Nikki Graves, who attended the event, said she was moved by the student speakers.
"As a professor, this event and hearing these stories makes me even more dedicated to doing whatever I can to support these students who are such an asset in my classroom and at Emory," Graves said.
In January 2017, Emory announced it would not declare itself a "sanctuary campus" but would continue supporting undocumented students, the Wheel previously reported.
The post Undocumented Students Find Unity at Storytelling Event appeared first on The Emory Wheel.


I made this card with the first image in this round of the Crafter's Digital Art Center's Progressive Challenge. The digital "stamp" was created by Tiffany Doodles, and I colored it with Copic markers and added some sandpaper for the sand. Just a fun card that will be shipped off to OWH so that a soldier can send a bright "hello" to someone. Thanks for visiting.
The ice cream cone digital stamp is from Pattie's Creations, via Crafter's Digital Art Center's Progressive Freebie Challenge. I printed and colored three of them with Copic markers and popped them up at different levels. Just a very simple card today. Thanks for visiting.
I used Card Patterns Sketch #165 as inspiration to design this card. The digital stamp came to me by way of the Crafters Digital Art Center's Progressive Freebie Challenge. I colored it with Copic markers with bright and pastel colors. Thanks for visiting today. It is such a busy time right now, my posts have been few and far between!
Button Candy Dots – Pebbles, Inc.
I used the Card Patterns Sketch #161 for this card, which features one of the bear images from the latest challenge. I used an image from the current Progressive Freebies Challenge at Crafter's Digital Art Center. This is a festive birthday card that I'll forward on for Operation Write Home soon. Thanks for visiting today.
Paper leaf – Prima Marketing, Inc.
This card features a digital image by Ike's Art that I got by participating in the Crafter's Digital Art Center (CDAC) Freebies Progressive Challenge. I colored the image with Copic markers. The card design is based on the current sketch at Mojo Monday: Sketch #234. I created it in response to the March ODBD challenge at Operation Write Home Stars and Stamps, which is a "Tic-Tac-Toe" challenge where I had to pick three in a row from elements on their game board. As it turned out, I managed to get two different lines of three in a row: Brads, Digi Stamp, Die Cut and Die Cut, Layers , Stripes. This was a really fun idea for a challenge! Thanks for stopping by today!
Above is a closer look at a couple of this card's details.


text:
The Governor of Ebonyi State, Dave Umahi, told the national leadership of the Peoples Democratic Party in Abuja on Tuesday that he was leaving the party.
He said he would join the ruling All Progressives Congress which he claimed would protect the interest of the South-East in the 2023 elections.
Our correspondent gathered that Umahi told the members of the National Working Committee of the PDP that his decision to join the APC was irrevocable.
The members of the PDP NWC, who were led to the meeting by its National Chairman, Prince Uche Secondus, were said to have tried in vain to convince the governor not to abandon the party.
Apart from Secondus, among those that were at the meeting at the Ebonyi Governor's Lodge in Abuja were Deputy National Secretary, Agbo Emmanuel; National Organising Secretary, Austin Akobondu; Financial Secretary, Abdullahi Maibasira; National Women Leader, Mariya Waziri and Senator Sulieman Nazif.
The governor was said to be friendly when he received the PDP delegation, but stuck to his decision to leave the PDP when the issue came up.
It was gathered that the PDP delegation impressed it upon the governor that there was no need leaving the PDP for the APC, which they argued had become unpopular.
Sources at the meeting, however, said the governor was not convinced, insisting that the APC was planning to zone the 2023 Presidency to the South-East.
He was said to have promised to stay in the PDP if the party could make a pronouncement that it would zone the Presidency to the same zone.
One of the sources said, "I think his (governor's) mind was made up. We told him there was no need for him to abandon the party that had made him a deputy governor, state chairman of the party, two-time governor and all that. But he refused.
"He wanted us to unilaterally zone the office of the Presidency to his area. We cannot do that. Parties are not run that way. He told us he was leaving. That is what we got from him.''
When contacted, Secondus confirmed that the party's leadership met with Umahi.
He, however, refused to declared the details of the meeting, insisting that the meeting was on ''national issues.''
Pro Establishment Activist Sues End Sars " Leaders"
Ex-Kaduna governor, Balarabe Musa, is dead


text:
Thoughts on the recent iPad event
in Apple,Investing,iPad
As Apple events go this seemed rather dull. Partly this was the overall lack of surprise. We were expecting a new smaller iPad, check. A mini iPad with Retina, check. The release of OS X Mavericks, check but not the Free Upgrade, surprise. Details on the Mac Pro, again check. One more thing, not really. Slight boost to the Mac Book Pro specs but no big deal and no new product.
All these announcements were predicted and should be regarded as incremental. The only thing close to a surprise was the pricing of Mavericks and the bundling of apps on a new iPad or Mac purchase. This is a tactical tool to reduce people's dependence on Microsoft Office and increase the stickiness of Apple users.
The presenting executives with the new baggy shirt look, seemed a bit off. Their energy levels were rather flat, as if Apple wasn't particularly excited about these announcements either (with the notable exception of Craig Federighi, who the most polished presenter). Most of the jokes and digs at competitors were awkward. Nothing about the speeches seemed natural — at best, the presentation felt uptight. The lines were so tightly scripted that the presenters often stumbled off-script slightly, and rather than rolling with it naturally, they'd just jump back and awkwardly retry the line.
The product messaging was almost entirely just rehashing old talking points. We've seen the Dots video for months. We know Microsoft's tablets suck badly. We know that effectively nobody browses the web on their cheap Android tablets full of stretched-out phone apps. We know the iPad is number one in customer satisfaction. We know that people are using iPads in all sorts of different ways. Look, firefighters are launching space shuttles with an iPad! Farmers are building wind turbines and composing songs! And Apple can't wait to see what we do with our iPads.
But they already know. Everyone knows what people do with iPads, because iPads have been heavily used in public for over three years. It looks like most people use iPads for basic web tasks (email, browsing, Facebook), reading, and, importantly, casual gaming. Going into the holiday season, in which many millions of iOS devices are usually sold that will primarily be casual-gaming devices, Apple hardly even mentioned games. Is that because they don't need to, since games are already a popular iPad use, or because they're not in touch with one of the biggest reasons people buy iPads?
Suppose the event worked, and we're all jazzed up to buy the new iPads. Well, too bad — you can't even preorder either of them yet. The iPad Air is available in store on November 1st, 10 days after the event with no ability to preorders. The produce most likely to be in higher demand — the Retina Mini — doesn't even have a release date yet, except "later in November". The black Mac Pro is even vaguer in terms or release date. Yes we have a spec and a price but we don't know when we can purchase.
So we have an expected iPad refresh, a free upgrade to Mavericks, more access to iLife, iWork, and the incrementally updated Retina MacBook Pros. But I can't help but feel like the event wasn't up to Apple's standards.
UK Products and pricing
iPad Mini with Retina. From £319 for 16GB – coming late November. Available in 16, 32, 64 and 128 GB versions.
iPad Retina Air. From £399 for 16GB – Available Nov 1st from Apple. Available in 16, 32, 64 and 128 GB versions.
Mac Pro. From £2,499 for Quad Core Intel Xeon. Coming in December
Mac Book Pro. With retina display. 13 inch starting at £1,099. 15 inch starting at £1,699


text:
"Break It Yourself" Review
By Valen Lambert, Staff Writer
Andrew Bird has outdone himself again with his new album "Break It Yourself" released on March 6. Smooth and melodic, the overall vibe of the album is great to chill out to while it's raining outside and a perfect spring soundtrack.
His use of a variety of instruments incorporated throughout the album gives it a unique sound. Only Bird can make the fiddle, violin, glockenspiel, harp, and other unusual instruments come together to make a distinct, flowing, and beautiful sound.
"Break It Yourself" includes such instruments in the songs "Desperation Breeds" and "Give It Away." Bird brings back his catchy whistling in his upbeat songs "Lusitania" and "Danse Caribe." Despite "Break It Yourself"'s overall indie-folk chill vibes, other songs have a more foreign sound. "Orpheo Looks Back" incorporates some aspects of Irish folk and "Near Death Experience" has a bit of Latin/Salsa vibe.
Bird has one of the most beautiful, flowing sounds I've heard, and with his talented use of all the out of the ordinary instruments, he is definitely one-upping Bon Iver in the indie folk/chill feeling, providing music that puts you in a good mood and gets stuck in your head for days.
Would you rather fight 10 duck-sized horses, or 1 horse-sized duck?
10 duck-sized horses
1 horse-sized duck
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JONESBOROUGH - Mr. Kent M. Ayers, age 76, Jonesborough, passed away Tuesday, April 2, 2019 at Johnson City Medical Center.
Mr. Ayers was born in Daybrook, North Carolina and the son of the late Junior M. & Geneva Peterson Ayers. He was also preceded in death by a brother, Sidney Ayers and a sister, Bobbye Webb.
He was owner and operator of his own truck and did over the road trucking for many years and later was employed by Mountain Empire Oil Company.
Mr. Ayers loved UT Football and all NFL games and was a NSCAR fan. He loved cookouts and sister's desserts. He never met a stranger. He enjoyed woodworking, working on old cars and attending gospel concerts. He loved his family, especially the toddlers, Addison, Abbey, Rhett, Leland, and Ruby Ray.
Survivors include his wife, Carolyn "Carol" Tipton Ayers, Jonesborough; three children, Mava Henley (Dana), Teri Hopson (Donnie) and Greg Ayers; three grandchildren, Kayla Ricker (Ryan), Jessie Yokley (Steven) and Tara Hopson (Anthony); great-grandchild, Rhett Ricker; one brother, Jimmy Ayers; and several nephews, nieces and cousins.
The family would like to extend a special thank you to Washington County EMS, the staff of Johnson City Medical Center Emergency Room, the Chaplain, Dr.'s James Hansen, Carlos Floresguerra, Martin Tran, Scott Dulebohn and Wayne Tongco.
Funeral services will be conducted 3:00 pm Friday, April 5, 2019 at Dillow-Taylor Funeral Home with Rev. Bill Murray officiating. The family will receive friends from 1:00-3:00 pm Friday prior to the service. Interment services will follow at Maple Lawn Cemetery.
Pallbearers will be Larry Ayers, Jerry Crawford, Brandon Ayers, Ryan Ricker and Steven Yokley. Honorary pallbearers will be Greg Ayers, Jimmy Ayers and Chris Webb.
Condolences may be sent to the Ayers family online at www.dillow-taylor.com.


I don't like her hair style, no, not at all.
Me neither. Much to boyish, especially as she has wide shoulders. I have nothing against women doing sports (I love sports myself) but you should consider the effect. Charlene would look more feminine with a softer hairstyle.
I showed this to my friend who works at a spa and actually does the injections. She literally gasped.
She needs to stop. She also has fillers and with the botox it begins to make your face too tight. Pulling effect. It is very obvious around her mouth and above top lip nose. Charlene is pretty enough. I get anyone wanting to look better for themselves but time to stop.
Diane,a woman as charming as you does not need any botox!
Really botox and fillers are not her friends anymore. She looks just awful. So sad really.
@ all the jealous nasty remarks, you guys are insane wicked get a life???
Love the hair. I am sure if she could she would have swim this race. Touching message from the Princess to the van der Westhuizen family. Shows the character, empathy of this Princess.
Charlene spent most of her childhood and young adulthood in pools. Dedicated swimmers get used to keeping their hair well out of the way. It's very possible that she still swims every day for fitness and just because she loves it. I think her hair makes sense and suits her.
I don't really care for the hairstyle. There must be other softer looks that would stand up to a daily swim!
It's not a look that will age well.
I love the hairstyle - of course I do, I've got the same *smile* - a so called Garcon's Cut, but therefore I know, an edgy haircut like this needs a feminine makeup/styling to not look boyish. As she does here. She looks like an immature, tired fourteen years old boy, who has strangely enough too much botox in his face.
On m.gala.de (Fursten Charlene - Steckbrief, News, Bilder) I found many photos of Princess Charlene and some were from long ago when she first was with the Prince. She was a sweet-faced, lovely young woman who looked totally different from today. If only she could turn back time. Maybe the constant public pressure has made her unsure of her natural self.
How sad that she felt the need to change the way she looks. There's nothing wrong with a little self improvement but I think she's taking it too far now.
You ate exaggerating)!!!!! with a short hair your features are more visible, Charlene is french, stylish chic, classy !!
Française ! Non ! Chic ! Non non et non !
Yep, Charlene and leitizia are a class act the rest bohooooo!!
Ha! Ha!! Go out for some fresh air!!
When you look back at how beautiful she looked on her wedding day, and you see her now ! Suppose it's a slippery slope, once you start with the treatment, you have to keep going !
lekker modern,maar ieder ze smaak !!!!!
I really like Charlene's hairstyle. I think it suits her. I think it is pretty and I think it is feminine.
In the photo Charlene is not wearing any makeup and her hair isn't "styled". Charlene is "au naturel" just as many women would be if they were spending a day at home with their children.
Charlene has had cosmetic procedures, this is obvious from early photos, however her skin could be naturally good. Not everyone who has good skin has botox!


A mask-wearing demonstrator stays a step ahead of the law during the G-20 summit.
Some of the more colorful criminal cases arising from the G-20 have yet to come to trial -- the protester in a cow suit who's accused of trying to cause a riot in Bloomfield, for instance. But after multiple hearings in the year since G-20, it's clear that many of the dozen cases which have concluded this summer or are scheduled through October hinge on just a few issues. Among them: the number of out-of-town police imported for the G-20 but now unavailable for trials; the methods police used to corral people and make mass arrests; and the unavoidable but vague recorded announcement employed to disperse crowds.
Sure to feature prominently in the remaining criminal trials is the testimony of two city police officers brought in to aid many previous prosecutions. One is Lt. Ed Trapp, assistant night-turn operations commander in Oakland during the G-20. Trapp has been called to testify on the movement of law enforcement during the nights of Sept. 24 and 25 last year, when the vast majority of summit arrests occurred. The other is Det. William Friburger, who testifies about the two mobile Long-Range Acoustical Devices, or LRADs.
The LRADs, which broadcast their identical dispersal announcement to multiple crowds on both G-20 days, used a message that was loud -- designed to be heard half a mile or more away -- but unclear. "By order of the Pittsburgh chief of police ... I hereby declare this to be an unlawful assembly," it said in English and Spanish. "You must leave the immediate vicinity."
Defense lawyers will certainly continue to question how arrestees could determine what the "immediate vicinity" was, or how they were supposed to leave it. The announcement was audible throughout large swaths of Oakland and the East End, after all, and the LRAD itself was mobile.
Leechburg attorney Chuck Pascal made such arguments on July 28, at the trial of Aaron Arnold, of Lebanon, Pa. Arnold, then a Pitt student, was arrested Sept. 24, 2009, for failing to disperse from Schenley Quad, an area bordered by Fifth Avenue, Pitt's bookstore and dorms. Arnold has said he had been trying to find a route to his car through police lines that had confronted another gathering -- this one at Schenley Plaza, bordered by the Carnegie and Pitt libraries.
"If you were on Fifth Avenue while the LRAD was still on Schenley Plaza," Pascal asked Friburger, "it wouldn't necessarily be aimed at you?"
"You would hear its warning, [but] it would be up to your interpretation" whether to leave, Friburger testified.
"If you could hear it in parts of North Oakland, was it your intent to disperse those people as well?" Pascal said.
"No. It was our intent to disperse" Schenley Plaza, Friburger said.
Trapp was also questioned about the intended effect of the LRAD announcement on the Schenley Plaza crowd.
"Where were you trying to get them to go?" asked Assistant District Attorney Brian Catanzarite.
"Out of the vicinity," Trapp said. "If they lived [in Oakland], our goal was to get them to go home."
"Did you have any safe areas ... where people would disperse into?"
No, Trapp answered. "We wanted them to go inside."
But, as Arnold's arresting officer, Frank Welling of the Pittsburgh police, later testified, dispersing people from Schenley Quad only served to push people onto the very streets Trapp was trying to clear.
Arnold was convicted of failure to disperse anyway, and sentenced to six months probation.
"Anyone who was there would understand that the ability to move freely was restricted by the police being hostile towards anyone they encountered and not allowing anyone to approach them without the risk of arrest," Arnold said in an e-mail after the verdict.
Others rounded up in Oakland have been luckier in court. Among them was Adam Dulak, of Windber, Pa., who had emerged from an LRAD-free Peter's Pub on Sept. 25 -- only to run into a cloud of pepper spray and immediate arrest.
As Assistant District Attorney Geoffrey Melada admitted at Dulak's preliminary hearing: "We can't argue failure to disperse unless we establish the defendant was part of an unruly crowd." Dulak was found not guilty in a June trial.
Similar circumstances will factor into the Sept. 16 trial of Mackenzie Peoples, an Ohio student arrested the night of Sept. 25, 2009, in Oakland. "When they were pushed out of [Schenley] Plaza they were free to go anywhere," Trapp said at Peoples' preliminary hearing last year. Peoples claims she had tried to go somewhere outside the plaza -- but apparently it wasn't the right somewhere.
Some of the criminal cases, meanwhile, hang on questions of identity.
The Oct. 28 trial of Lawrenceville resident Frank Smith, for example, will weigh charges that he moved too slowly away from police lines on Forbes Avenue on Sept. 24. He is also accused of struggling with his arresting officers -- out-of-town sheriffs whom prosecutors could no longer identify even at Smith's preliminary hearing. That was less than six weeks after the G-20, Smith's attorney Jon Pushinsky pointed out.
And did Pittsburgh police officer William Churilla get the right man when he arrested Trevor Burgess for tossing a brick at Churilla's helmet during a Sept. 24 skirmish at Baum and Liberty? Defense lawyer Paul Boas had "serious reservations about identification" during Burgess's preliminary hearing last year; his trial is set for Sept. 28.
And the man in the cow suit? There may be a deal in the works for Ohio resident Kalan Sherrard, says his lawyer, Mike Healey. Otherwise, his trial starts Sept. 22.
After the criminal courts empty, look for the civil courts to fill.
"I started filing civil cases," says Pushinsky. "Keep your eyes open. There's more on the way."


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