text:
How To Build A Plane That Never Needs To Land
Richard Cochrane
Fly away on my Zephyr. Airbus
The British military is reportedly set to purchase two planes that can fly for months on end without needing to land. These large solar-powered "Zephyr" drones would likely be sent to carry out long-term surveillance missions and could constantly monitor an area with high-quality imagery. They could also be used to provide mobile and internet communication signals in remote areas, to support ground missions, and even conduct long-term research projects.
Alongside efforts by Facebook and Google to develop similar technology, the launch of the Zephyr aircraft by European aerospace firm Airbus could mark the start of a new era of continuous flight. What made this possible was a series of breakthroughs in lightweight materials, solar power and batteries, and autonomous navigation. These advances have come together to create planes that can fly day and night without intervention, potentially for months at a time.
Self-guided and self-powered planes started with NASA, which began working with the team behind the the manned Solar Challenger plane that flew across the English Channel in 1981. By 1994, NASA's Pathfinder aircraft had demonstrated solar panels were able to power aircraft to high altitude. But the planes still needed a power source at night. Batteries at the time were too heavy so the NASA engineers turned to hydrogen fuel cells, which they integrated into their Helios prototype, aiming to demonstrate round-the-clock operation.
Helios in flight. NASA
Why Are Women More Likely To Die In Car Crashes Than Men?
Against All Odds, The Australian Radioactive Capsule Has Been Found
Unfortunately, the Helios proved structurally fragile and broke up dramatically on a test flight in 2003 after encountering turbulence, marking the end of NASA's pursuit of solar powered drones. Just two years later, however, AC Propulsion's SoLong plane proved it was possible to integrate lightweight batteries into a solar aircraft and flew for 48 hours, controlled remotely by a team of six pilots.
Today the Zephyr, originally developed by UK firm QinetiQ, has a 23m wingspan and yet only weighs 55kg (compared to the Helios's 726kg). It cruises at 20km, high above commercial aircraft and the fast-flowing atmospheric winds of the jet stream.
More importantly, it can fly for potentially months on end without the need for refuelling. So far it has only flown for 14 days straight but, theoretically, the only limit is how many times the battery can charge and discharge before it degrades. To enable this, the craft has overcome the crucial challenge of generating and storing enough power to both keep it continuously aloft and run its cameras and communication equipment.
The efficiency of the solar panels used on the planes today is not significantly different from those used for the first continuous flights. What's improved considerably are the weight and the robustness of the panels, as well as the cost. In fact, the Zephyr mark 8 uses amorphous silicon cells that are actually less efficient than the mono-crystalline cells used by the SoLong craft ten years ago. But because today's cells are lighter and more flexible, they contribute to a more reliable structure that needs less power to propel it.
Another significant development that has helped make these planes viable is the improvement in energy storage technologies, enabling them to save power generated by the sun in the day for use at night. Modern lithium sulphur batteries are able to store 60% more energy per kilogramme than the lithium polymer batteries available ten years ago. About 40% of the weight of the Zephyr 8 is the battery array. This means that improving the energy density (how much energy it can store without adding to weight or volume) can have a dramatic impact on the performance of the whole craft, ultimately enabling it to carry more equipment.
Building the Zephyr. Airbus
Other advances include the artificial intelligence that guides the craft, the sensors that gather data on the surrounding and continually changing weather, and the carbon fibre composites used to build the plane. Although the raw materials used are the same, new manufacturing processes that better control the direction of the carbon fibres and use less plastic resin to hold them together have made the overall structure lighter.
The result of these technologies is a plane that can do things previously only possible with satellites, but that can fly continuously over one area rather than having to orbit the entire globe. Although the UK will reportedly pay £10.5m for its two Zephyrs, this is a fraction of the hundreds of millions needed to launch and run a satellite. Plus, unlike with satellites, it's possible to land and repair the craft if something goes wrong.
The challenge now for the engineers working on solar-powered drones is to increase the amount of power they can collect and store and validate how long the batteries can stand constant charging and discharging. This will enable them to provide higher bandwidth communication and sustain flights in higher latitudes and during the winter months, when the incoming solar radiation is weaker. If this can be achieved, it could allow the likes of Google and Facebook to provide internet services not through cables but via drones.
Richard Cochrane, Director of Education and Senior Lecturer in Renewable Energy, University of Exeter
More Technology Stories


Roppe has been a leader in commercial flooring for over 60 years. They are proud to offer different flooring options for your type of project. Not only do they make beautiful flooring options, but they supply the accessories to go with it such as the wall base and stair treads.


Iowa might be known for corn, but for 3 days in September 2011, saltwater aquariums were all that could be seen for isles around.
Leaving southern Texas in the heat of summer is a given. Then combine the escape trip with a stop at the first ever Seattle Marine Aquarium Expo and you have a reef keeper's weekend get away.


A.L.I. Home Improvement Company, located in Lafayette, LA, provides various home renovation services within all parishes in Acadiana.
We want to improve your home inside and out. The interior services we offer include Carpentry, Bathrooms, Sheetrock, Flooring, Ceramic Tile, and Painting. We also offer Shingled Roofing, Siding, Insulated Windows, Soffit and Fascia, Patio Covers, Enclosures and Seamless Gutters to improve the outside of your home.
With over 35 years of experience, we provide free estimates with no obligation. Our team brought their wealth of experience into the founding of A.L.I. Home ImprovementCompany in 2000.
We are licensed, insured, and a certified renovator and are members of the Better Business Bureau and the National Association of Home Builders.
Our service areas include but not limited to: Lafayette, Abbeville, Breaux Bridge, Broussard, Carencro, Church Point, Crowley, Eunice, New Iberia, Opelousas, St Martinville, Ville Platte and Youngsville.


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Koninklijk клуб «Расінг» Гент () — бельгійський футбольний клуб з Гента, заснований у 1899 році. Виступає в Аматорській лізі. Домашні матчі приймає на стадіоні «ПГБ», місткістю 2 500 глядачів.

Досягнення
 Кубок Бельгії
 Фіналіст: 1912
 Другий дивізіон Бельгії
 Чемпіон: 1930–31
 Фіналіст: 1922–23.

Посилання
 Офіційний сайт
 Профіль клубу на transfermarkt.com
 Профіль клубу на soccerway.com

Футбольні клуби Бельгії
Футбольні клуби, засновані 1899

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Investment opportunity or perfect starter home! Right outside Toledo, on just under 3 acres of beautiful wooded land, this quaint 2 bedroom 1 bathroom cottage has a cozy, home-like feel. Step into the front yard to a Golden Chain, a Camellia, and fruit trees, and a Fuschia bush as you watch the hummingbirds flit from here to there. This home is in need of some love and care, and is being SOLD AS-IS. It would be a fantastic first house for someone with the time, know how, or someone with the money to invest into making this cottage their own. It has a double car garage, and an extra large carport. Check with county, but with RR5 zoning, this could be a fantastic mini farm with the convenience of town just around the corner!


text:
The Best Show on WFMU »
Show Discussion »
The Best/Worst Moments of last night's show
Author Topic: The Best/Worst Moments of last night's show (Read 2273660 times)
ioguie
I often get used in emergencies
Re: The Best/Worst Moments of last night's show
re: publicity -- something along the lines of "the only way for me to get more ink is to put tattoos all over my body." with the lead-in being a person who got press from being tattooed. i done guffawed. set-up, double-meaning, completion: guffaw.
Brandon0476
I loved the questions Tom was suggesting for Spike to ask John Wesley Shipp and Spike completely missing the intent: "Did you hear that noise outside?", "What was that movie you were watching? I could see the picture but couldn't hear anything.", "What was that you had for dinner? It looked good."
I also loved the little song Tom did in the intro.
a fantastic episode, but am I wrong in that "dont stop me now" was excluded? threw me off man! that song gets me pumped
Greggulator
I'll fess up: I rolled my eyes when I heard that Marc Maron was going to be the guest last night. I am not a fan of his. That's not to say that he's not a talented stand-up, since he is. And I like WTF just as much as everyone else. But I skip over his rants and just get to the interviews, although I think a lot of times he can be a bully on his own show.
I thought the stuff w/ Seder wasn't really anything interesting. I was really dubious about the show after that part and was paying a lot more attention to the basketball game.
But by the end of the show, I actually came away with a greater appreciation for Marc Maron and also found him to be really likable. Tom really did an AWESOME job interviewing him for the entire show -- it was completely different than any other episode and it really reshaped Maron in my mind. The stuff with them talking about Groupon made me legitimately laugh out loud, since I have no idea what the hell it is either but my wife's pretty obsessed with it.
The stuff with Mike at the end was also great and surreal. I'm really itching to go to Massa's at some point.
It also really made me appreciate Tom even more than I currently do. Professionally, I'm a journalist and one thing I've learned is that the best interviews are just conversations that you record (with the interviewee just steering things in a certain direction.) There are a bunch of people who are superb at this: Neil Strauss, Terry Gross, Howard Stern, Jesse Thorne, etc. Tom showed last night that he has that same gift and, if he just did an interview show, it'd be terrific.
So, Tom, kudos -- you did a great job doing something completely different than usual.
Listen to my basketball podcast! www.theholdingcourtpodcast.com
It was a fantastic interview and conversation, but if we're all being honest, Tom still wouldn't make it onto the Top Three Interviewers list. Or Top Ten. He'd be a solid #11, though.
1. Marc Maron
2. Carson Daly (current version of Last Call, he's been freed up by the format change)
3. Jesse Thorpe (only when not being held back by co-hosts)
4. The Late Morton Downey, Jr.
5. Terri Gross
6. Byron Allen
7. Stuttering John Melendez (when he was a field reporter, before moving to conquer the world of announcing)
8. George Lopez (would easily be #1 if he chose to do it, but is equally committed to his duties as America's #1 party host at the moment)
9. John Salley
10. Danny Bonaduce (infomercial talk show format only; he got Master Tsai to really open up)
11. Tom Scharpling
Similarly, both Tom and Maron wouldn't make the Top Three comedians list (both behind Louis CK, Zach Galifianakis and Anderson Cooper at minimum).
This may be the year I will disappear.
amiright??
Tarsel tunnel syndrome
No "Mean" Gene Okerlund?
masterofsparks
What about Leykis?
I'll probably go into the wee hours.
Don't forget Katie Couric, with all the trappin' and backstabbin' and questionin' and whatnot.
dudep
Policemans heel
Of course I want fries with that, you meat robot.
Amadeus seems like a good guy, but that was a heckuva GOMP.
"I like to think that it's like a secret club that you and I have."
*click*
ericluxury
When I saw the New York Magazine article online and saw the illustration, I instinctively felt bad for Tom. If you look at his website though, he isn't very flattering with any of his illustrations.
This is his take on Obama:
or Meryl Streep in Doubt (not her prettiest role, but this is still cruel)
Clearly this guy is talented, but if I was an art director of a magazine, he wouldn't be my choice unless the point of the article was a hit piece.
Nate K
Sooooo many good ones.
Two small moments that I loved, though:
When Tom called Kevin Smith a "lunkhead." Perfect word.
And when he hung up on that kid from the sci-fi club without saying a word (first call of the night?). The kid suggested that he and Tom had their own secret club, and the transition from that kid's statement of "secret club" right into "'FMU you're on the air" was perfect.
Hugman 3.0
I loved last night's show so so much. My two favorite things intertwined. All they needed to do was add a live set by thee oh sees, a pint of ice cream, and a kitty and my head woulda exploded.
ChipSuey
This was one of my favorite shows so far. I felt like I should have been taking notes, but I didn't, so figuring out favorite moments will have to wait for a second listen. But the Mike and Marc conversation at the end was wonderfully twisted (could you imagine a WTF w/ AP Mike?) and the vibe between Tom and Marc was just great the whole way through.
I'm not super familiar with Sam Seder's stuff, so I just felt lost by all the talk about being bigfooted. I do wish he had worked that in at least ten or twenty more times though.
Also, always nice to hear from Jen Kirkman.
Sometimes I say stuff here.
http://twitter.com/ThisIsJanic
Kris K
Quote from: masterofsparks on June 01, 2011, 12:35:23 PM
"You're no bathing beauty."
Joe Rogaine
Sad to hear Dave From Knoxville is not on the revised revised show opening theme.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


It is not very often I can add albums with many artworks in large format. Today I have been working on Joujou ou Les Libertinages du travesti, illustrated by Cheri Herouard and published in 1936. There are 16 artworks in the book, I managed to find 14.


Before giving the details of your PMP Certification Denver options let's briefly look why PMP is so beneficial for your career. PMP means you speak and understand the global project management language that connects you to a community of professionals, organizations, and experts around the world. Wherever you are in the world or in which industry you are, you will speak the language used by more than 750,000 certified project managers worldwide. PMP is recognized as the global gold standard for project management.
Among PMI Earning Power Salary Survey participants, PMP salary which the certificate holders receive is higher 20% in average than the salary of those without PMP certification. Employers also benefit when more than one-third of the project managers are PMP certified. These organizations carry out their projects on time, in the budget and meeting original purposes. So PMP certification is a critical equip where employers are looking for project management positions.
Consequently, if you are planning to work as a project manager, or already working as a project manager, we strongly recommend you to receive a PMP certificate. In this post, we reviewed the PMP certification Denver, Colorado options. You will discover best PMP certification Denver training and PMP exam location options.
Selection of PMP Certification Denver training provider is important but it is not the chief action. Before the selection of PMP training provider, you should think about how to prepare for the PMP exam. Note that the PMP exam preparation program is independent of your location. Therefore, wherever you are in the world, you must first create a strict PMP study plan. And when you stick to that study plan you might pass the PMP exam in the first attempt.
The next section reviews training providers for PMP Certification Denver.
Once you have created your PMP study plan, you will need to take 35 hours of project management training. Before the exam, this 35 hours of project management training requirement should be accomplished successfully. In this post, we have listed the 8 most popular PMP training Denver options And we shared our reviews and comparisons for each PMP training Denver option.
#1 PMP Training Denver – Master of Project Academy, Inc.
We will include our platform as the first PMP training Denver provider. However, in order to provide an unbiased review of all PMP training providers in Denver, we will not provide any review for our platform.
Master of Project Academy is the #1 affordable and flexible Denver PMP training provider with 99.6% first attempt pass rate. Note that, 99.6% is the first attempt pass rate of Master of Project Academy students. Master of Project does not count second or third attempt passes in "pass rate" ratio unlike other PMP training providers. Besides, this is a weekly updated, audited and backed up pass rate ratio in footer of Master of Project Academy homepage.
Master of Project Academy offers weekdays and weekend Virtual PMP Online Class training sessions. Duration of the PMP course is 4 days and 35 contact hours. Weekday sessions start on every Monday and end on Thursday. Weekend sessions start biweekly on Saturdays and ends in two weekends (Saturday & Sunday). You can learn more about PMP Online Classes options from the link below.
PMP success stories of Master of Project Academy proves the quality of this PMP certification Denver training option. Don Wheeler is one of the several PMP success stories of Master of Project Academy. Don passed the PMP exam successfully with the PMP training from Master of Project Academy and he scored "Above Target" on all five domains of the PMP exam. This is the highest score where a PMP candidate can get from the PMP exam. You can read Don's PMP success story.
Each of these PMP exam course programs are very valuable and focuses on project management knowledge areas but on the other hand, none of these meets the 35 contact-hour PMP Exam training.
PMI Mile-Hi Chapter is a growing division in the world, and, just like other PMI chapters, they aim to add value to their members. Training, contact hours and PDUs are important assets that they can add to their members. It has been one of the largest professional organizations in Colorado and has also been working on many charitable projects that support their goal of creating a professionalism in project management.
This PMP Certification Denver training provider prepares the students for the PMP exam with a 4-day course. Teaching is divided into five process groups and 10 knowledge fields of PMBOK. 35 contact hours of this PMP training Denver option fulfills the PMP credentials. You must attend four days of class to meet the PMP requirements of the 35 communication hours. PMP Certification Denver course content completes in four days.
The course fee is $1,999 for non-members.
The PMP Exam classes are set once a quarter, which means you may have to wait 3 more months for an available seat. This training frequency is really low and it can be a hassle.
Moreover, the chapter may place volunteer instructors for the PMP®/CAPM® Exam Prep Course. My point of view, it is a bit risky, since volunteer instructor may not be satisfying. You can consider looking for one or two hours free PMP PDU options from this PMP training Denver option.
#4 PMP Training Denver – Project Management Training Inst.
The Project Management Training Institute or PMTI is an alternative training for experienced project managers who want to receive a Project Management Certificate (PMP).
This PMP Certification Denver training option has a 95% PMP exam pass rate for first-time testers. This transition rate seems to be good, but the initial pass rate of Master of Project Academy is 99.6%. In contrast, the # 1 Master of Project Academy transition rate is well beyond this PMP training Denver alternative.
Physical classroom training and virtual instructor training program costing $1,890.
PMTI also offers PMP exam courses. PMTI's 30-day online PMP training costs $895 and does not provide a full refund. On the other hand, the PMP online training provided by Master of Project Academy Inc. also offers a money back guarantee at a low cost of $67 per month.
Since 1992, EdWel has equipped many of the several companies with project management, PMP exam preparation, and risk management training. With more than 25,000 graduates, EdWel has the skills, resources, and skills to meet your training needs in North America project management. Edwel PMP certification training program in Denver lasts 4 days from 08:30 to 17:30. This instructor-held PMP Certification Denver training meets PMI requested 35 contact hours.
This PMP Certification Denver training provider uses weekdays for training. This can cause problems if you are not able to take 4 days off from your job. Even if you can take up to 4 days, you may be distracted by work calls during your PMP training. We do not recommend you to attend training options during weekdays/business hours.
If you need to reschedule the course before 21 days or less, you will be fined $750. This is bad. You always may need to change your PMP training date due to unexpected events in your business or in your life. And that could cost you $750. You also lose your total fees if you fail to report your absences before teaching starts. By the way, the training course costs $1,690.
Colorado State University has a business unit called the Education Department, has been providing programs for over 50 years in Fort Collins, Colorado. CSU Online provides students with affordable access to quality education. CSU Online offers more than 40 degrees, hundreds of credit and non-credit courses, dozens of certificate programs, a digital passport program and MOOC.
Project Management Certificate Program is designed for a project manager with 1-3 years experience. They focus on how you can stay on and off the budget and how to increase your trust and how to effectively utilize and manage project management tools. You will become familiar with the PMBOK Guide for Project Management Information Bulletin. In addition, this course is the perfect preparation for the PMP® exam (Project Management Specialist). The Project Management Certificate Program includes Introduction, Initiating, Process Groups, and WBS; Project planning; Project Execution; Monitoring and controlling project work, change and risks; Closing project and following steps.
This PMP training Denver option longs for 16 weeks, which is a very long time. If you are in hurry, this program will not fit for you.
PM Training Class (PMTC) offers training and certification courses in various specialties, including Six Sigma, ITIL and Cyber Security. Their courses include PMP Certification, PMI ACP Certification, Six Sigma Green Belt, Six Sigma Black Belt, and many other courses that can help you improve your career or help your business achieve its goals.
The 4-day Boot Camp Seminar is ideal for project managers who want to earn PMP Certification in Denver. If you want to attend a course, you may sign up for this PMP Certification Denver course. You can see the training activities through their websites.
Incidentally, this course is 4 consecutive days and is usually set on weekdays. Therefore, you have to give up your work for 4 days. If you're actively working as a project manager, you're probably busy and the 4-day holiday may not be the right choice for you.
In addition, this Denver PMP training program costs $1,899.
Founded in 2004, PreparePM is a provider of project management training and PMP certification courses. The Project Management Institute (PMI) is a globally recognized organization that supports the discipline of project management. PMI also carries out an internationally recognized certification exam called Project Management Professional (PMP).
The training costs $1590. On their website, we could not see any information about their refund policy. Therefore, if you consider taking this PMP Certification Denver Training, you should definitely ask them to send you to email about their money back policy in detail.
After completing your PMP training in Denver and completing your PMP study, you must plan your PMP exam in Denver. There are several PMP exam centers in Denver. Denver's nearest PMP exam center can be found on the Prometric website.
The following example finds the PMP exam centers in Denver and around. For your PMP exam, you can choose the nearest and most convenient PMP exam center on the map.
In this article, we have chosen the top 8 PMP training Denver options. For these PMP course providers in Denver, you will find course address, email address, phone number, and other contact information.
There are several PMP training providers in Denver. The cost of classroom training in PMP courses starts at $1,590 and can go up to $3,395.
On the other hand, online PMP training options are more convenient plus grant flexibility for PMP candidates. Moreover, you may start an online PMP training which will be less than $100.
In terms of price advantages, flexibility and online access, we strongly recommend you to complete an online PMP training.


text:
64 F. 3d 1439 - Rosenbaum US v. Macallister D a US J P
64 F3d 1439 Rosenbaum US v. Macallister D a US J P
32 Fed.R.Serv.3d 790
Diane ROSENBAUM, on behalf of herself and all others
similarly situated; Pamela Cagan, derivatively on
behalf of US West, Inc., Plaintiffs-Appellees,
Drake G. Russell, Appellant,
Jack MacALLISTER, Richard D. McCormick, A. Gary Ames, US
West, Inc., Richard J. Callahan, Howard P. Doerr,
Tenth Circuit.
Aug. 15, 1995.
Dirk T. Biermann of Biermann & Fretz, and Donald Salcito of Ballard Spahr Andrews & Ingersoll (Joseph H. Fretz of Biermann & Fretz, and David B. Kelly of Ballard Spahr Andrews & Ingersoll, with them on the briefs), Denver, CO, for appellant Drake G. Russell.
Judith L. Spanier (Arthur N. Abbey, also of Abbey & Ellis, New York City; Gerald L. Bader, Jr. and Renee B. Taylor of Bader & Villanueva, Denver, CO; and James V. Bashian, New York City, with her on the briefs), for plaintiffs-appellees.
Before HENRY and LOGAN, Circuit Judges, and REED, District Judge.*
LOGAN, Circuit Judge.
In this appeal we are asked to determine whether the district court abused its discretion in awarding plaintiffs' counsel $2,500,000 attorney's fees and $100,000 expenses, to be paid by US West, Inc., based on the settlement reached in a combined class action and derivative suit against US West and certain of its officers and directors. Drake G. Russell, an unnamed class member who is also a US West shareholder, made written and oral objections in the district court, not to the settlement itself, but to the amount of attorney's fees sought in the settlement agreement and ultimately granted by the court. He did not attempt to intervene in the underlying suit. The first issue on appeal is whether Russell has standing to appeal the district court's fee award to plaintiffs' counsel. We hold that he does have standing, and that the district court erred and must reconsider its fee award.
Plaintiff Diane Rosenbaum initiated the class action suit under Fed.R.Civ.P. 23(b)(3), alleging violations of federal securities laws under the Securities Act of 1933 and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 for false statements and omissions by defendants affecting the market value of US West stock. The complaint was later amended to add another plaintiff, Pamela Cagan, and a derivative claim under Fed.R.Civ.P. 23.1 on behalf of US West against the same individual defendants. The derivative claim alleged that the individual defendants breached their fiduciary duties and wasted corporate assets in connection with the transactions and nondisclosures specified in the class action complaint.
The parties began negotiations toward a possible settlement, and the district court certified a class of US West shareholders who purchased common stock between February 15, 1990, and March 6, 1992. After discovery the parties entered a stipulation of settlement. The district court held a hearing to review the stipulation and the settlement notices proposed to be sent to the class members and, for the derivative suit, to US West shareholders of record.
At a settlement hearing in November 1993, the district court determined that the class members and current shareholders were given adequate notice as required by Rules 23 and 23.1. The district court then heard from attorneys for the named class representatives, the shareholders, US West, and the individual defendants. Attorneys appeared on behalf of Russell, who had filed a written objection to the attorney's fees sought in the settlement proposal, and argued that the benefit to the shareholders did not justify $2,500,000 in attorney's fees. The district court, however, approved the settlement after finding it was fair, adequate and reasonable, and awarded plaintiffs' counsel fees of $2,500,000 and expenses of $100,000.
Russell appeals, asserting that the attorney's fee award was excessive, and that the district court erred in denying his motion for an evidentiary hearing on that award.1
* We may address the attorney's fee issue only if Russell has standing to bring this appeal. He asserts that he has standing both as a member of the class who purchased stock during the class period and as a US West shareholder.
The issue whether a class member must intervene in the underlying suit to have standing to challenge approval of a settlement has split the circuits. Compare Shults v. Champion Int'l Corp., 35 F.3d 1056 (6th Cir.1994) (requiring intervention); Croyden Assocs. v. Alleco, Inc., 969 F.2d 675, 679-81 (8th Cir.1992), (same) cert. denied, --- U.S. ----, 113 S.Ct. 1251, 122 L.Ed.2d 650 (1993); Walker v. City of Mesquite, 858 F.2d 1071, 1074 (5th Cir.1988) (same); Guthrie v. Evans, 815 F.2d 626, 628-29 (11th Cir.1987) (same) with Carlough v. Amchem Prods., Inc., 5 F.3d 707, 713-14 (3d Cir.1993) (no intervention required); Armstrong v. Board of Sch. Directors, 616 F.2d 305, 327-28 (7th Cir.1980) (same). This court has recently joined the circuits that require intervention by a class member in a Rule 23(b)(3) case in order to have standing to appeal the district court's approval of the settlement. Gottlieb v. Wiles, 11 F.3d 1004 (10th Cir.1993). Although Russell asks us to overturn that decision, as a panel we cannot; it would require a decision of the court sitting en banc. The Gottlieb v. Wiles case, however, did not involve, or necessarily preclude, nonintervenor Russell's right to appeal the derivative settlement. Indeed, the decision, by its analysis distinguishing shareholders' derivative suits and Bell Atlantic Corp. v. Bolger, 2 F.3d 1304 (3d Cir.1993), might be read to support Russell's standing to appeal the derivative suit portion of the settlement agreement.
But Russell does not question the validity of the settlement agreement itself, only the court's award of attorney's fees. We believe that the most important rationales underpinning the rule that only intervenors may appeal the approval of the settlement itself do not apply to appeals of awards of attorney's fees and expenses to class counsel, even when the defendant agrees to the amount of the fees in the settlement agreement.
The purpose of Rule 23, and class actions generally, is to unify and render manageable litigation in which there are many members of a homogeneous class with common claims against a defendant. Before certifying a class the court must find that the one who seeks to be its representative is typical of the class and is likely to "fairly and adequately protect the interests of the class." Fed.R.Civ.P. 23(a). A class member who wishes to intervene must challenge the ability of the certified representative to represent the class as a whole. These Rule 23 requirements in part are for the benefit of the defendant, to allow it to settle in one suit its liability to all members of the class who have not opted out and thus put the case behind it.
To allow a nonintervening class member to appeal approval of a settlement would permit one dissident--and there is likely always to be one--to postpone realization of any of the benefits that might otherwise come to the class members and to prevent the defendant from settling its liability. To be sure a member of a Rule 23(b)(3) class may opt out in favor of individual litigation with the defendant; but that is seldom a major worry to the defendant because the individual claims are generally small and their costs of litigation are high.
To allow an individual dissident class member who did not intervene to appeal an attorney's fee award would not be nearly as disruptive. It would not affect the defendant who has paid into court or made other concessions necessary to settle the case. In the usual case, in which the settlement creates a fund to be shared by the plaintiff class, all of the assets the court would have ordered distributed to the class members could be distributed despite the appeal. The only result of allowing the appeal would be to delay the payment of fees and expenses to the attorneys for the plaintiff class. Should the dissident's appeal succeed in reducing those fees, there would be additional funds for later distribution to the class members.
It seems proper to allow the nonintervenor class member to appeal for at least three reasons: First, the ability of the class representative to adequately represent the other class members is likely to break down when the issue is the appropriate fee for her own lawyers. Indeed, it is sometimes the lawyers who recruit the class representative and initiate the suit. In any event, that the named class representative will resist an excessive fee request by her own lawyers is not nearly as plain as whether that representative, with the assistance of the lawyers, will negotiate or litigate fairly for the class against an allegedly wrongdoing defendant.
Second, class members notified of a proposed settlement are informed of the recovery against the defendant but often only informed of an outside limit for attorney's fees. For example, in the instant case the notice stated only that "Plaintiffs' lawyers may ask for up to $2,500,000 in fees and $100,000 in expenses." Appellant's App. 309; see also id. at 288, 316 ("not be in the aggregate greater than $2,500,000 for fees and $100,000 for ... expenses"). The expectation is that the fees will be set by the court upon consideration of the evidence, including the objections of nonintervening class members. We do not believe that a class member who is satisfied with the settlement should have to intervene because of the possibility the court might award an unreasonable attorney's fee.
Third, the opt out feature of Rule 23(b)(3) class actions seems inoperable in the context of a member satisfied with the settlement generally, but potentially dissatisfied with the attorney's fee award. By the time the member knows the amount of the fee the court awards the time to opt out has expired.
The same considerations apply even more clearly in the context of a shareholders' derivative suit in which the nonparty shareholder wishes to appeal only the fee allowed the party shareholder's attorney in a settlement. There is no opt out possibility. The benefits of the settlement inure to the corporation and hence only indirectly to the shareholder.2 The attorneys for the named representative are entitled to a fair fee; but an appeal of the court's fee award--to be paid out of the corporate treasury--would seem not to delay the benefits of the settlement.
For the reasons stated, we hold that Russell, the nonintervenor class member and shareholder who made written and oral objections at the fee hearing, has standing to appeal the court's award of attorney's fees and expenses to the plaintiffs' attorneys.
We turn now to the merits: Russell's objections to the attorney's fee award. Before determining the attorney's fee award, the district court summarized the settlement terms:
[T]he class members are vested with a right to purchase certain shares of stock in US West at a three percent discount and absent the payment of brokerage fees and expenses determined by the formula set forth in detail in the parties' settlement.
In addition there was secured through negotiation with certain insurance carriers the payment of $3.5 million in insurance proceeds and a waiver of a $1 million deductible, rendering a benefit of true value of $4.5 million.
Finally, the settlement requires the implementation of certain therapeutic corporate governance measures through the Corporate Development and Finance Committee, the Public Policy Committee, the Human Resources Committee and the Audit Committee directed specifically to the conduct of the corporate business giving rise to the claims made the subject matter of this action, so as to define standards of future corporate governance against which the actions of the directors and officers may reasonably be measured.
Appellant's App. 511; see also Stipulation of Settlement, id. at 96-134.
The court then discussed the value of the benefits gained, and essentially applied both a common fund and a lodestar-type analysis. The district court concluded that an attorney's fee of $2,500,000 was reasonable.
Objector Russell argues that the award of attorney's fees was improper, asserting that the settlement primarily benefitted the class members; therefore, the fees should not be shifted so that the corporation (thus, the shareholders) pays them. Alternatively, he asserts that even if the corporation/shareholders benefitted enough to require the corporation to pay the attorney's fee award, those fees should be based on an unenhanced lodestar rather than a percentage of the fund. We review the award of attorney's fees for abuse of discretion, Gottlieb v. Barry, 43 F.3d 474, 486 (10th Cir.1994); "[h]owever, 'the court's legal analysis which provides the basis for the fee award is reviewable de novo.' " Aguinaga v. United Food and Commercial Workers Int'l Union, 993 F.2d 1480, 1481 (10th Cir.1993) (quoting Homeward Bound, Inc. v. Hissom Memorial Ctr., 963 F.2d 1352, 1355 (10th Cir.1992)).
The award of attorney's fees to plaintiffs in class action and derivative suits is based upon the common benefit doctrine, an exception to the American Rule that prevailing litigants must pay their own attorneys' fees. Hall v. Cole, 412 U.S. 1, 5, 93 S.Ct. 1943, 1946, 36 L.Ed.2d 702 (1973). It applies where "the plaintiff's successful litigation confers 'a substantial benefit on the members of an ascertainable class, and where the court's jurisdiction over the subject matter of the suit makes possible an award that will operate to spread the costs proportionately among them.' " Id. at 5, 93 S.Ct. at 1946 (quoting Mills v. Electric Auto-Lite Co., 396 U.S. 375, 393-94, 90 S.Ct. 616, 626, 24 L.Ed.2d 593 (1970)). The common benefit doctrine originates from the common fund exception, under which "the successful plaintiff is awarded attorney fees because his suit creates 'a common fund, the economic benefit of which is shared by all members of the class.' " Aguinaga, 993 F.2d at 1482 (quoting Hall, 412 U.S. at 5 n. 7, 93 S.Ct. at 1946 n. 7).
"The common fund doctrine 'rests on the perception that persons who obtain the benefit of a lawsuit without contributing to its costs are unjustly enriched at the successful litigant's expense.' " Brown v. Phillips Petroleum Co., 838 F.2d 451, 454 (10th Cir.) (quoting Boeing Co. v. Van Gemert, 444 U.S. 472, 478, 100 S.Ct. 745, 749, 62 L.Ed.2d 676 (1980)), cert. denied, 488 U.S. 822, 109 S.Ct. 66, 102 L.Ed.2d 43 (1988). When the common benefit is a fund, fees are "extracted from the predetermined damage recovery rather than obtained from the losing party." Id. Thus when a class action yields a fund for class members, fees may be paid from the recovery. See Boeing Co., 444 U.S. at 481, 100 S.Ct. at 750. Similarly, in a typical shareholder derivative suit, "the successful shareholder plaintiff confers a substantial benefit on all of the shareholders of the defendant corporation. Any fees assessed against the corporation can be spread proportionately among all of the shareholders, who are the real beneficiaries of the litigation, because the corporation is the alter ego of the shareholders." Johnson v. U.S. Dep't of HUD, 939 F.2d 586, 590 (8th Cir.1991).
The district court acknowledged Russell's argument that in common fund cases, the fees are spread evenly among all those who benefit in proportion to the benefit, whereas here US West pays the entire fee even though the class members received more relief than the shareholders. The district court, however, accepted plaintiffs' counsels' argument that the therapeutic relief was a substantial benefit to both the shareholders and class members. The court did not appear concerned that the class members may have received a benefit--discount purchase rights--that nonmember shareholders did not receive. Other circuits, however, have rejected fee awards in class action suits against corporations on the ground that any benefit of the class action accrued only to class members, not to the corporation itself or its shareholders in general. See Christensen v. Kiewit-Murdock Inv. Corp., 815 F.2d 206, 211 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 908, 108 S.Ct. 250, 98 L.Ed.2d 209 (1987) (class action by shareholders of certain classes of stock opposing merger agreement; in response board revised merger plan); cf. O'Neill v. Church's Fried Chicken, Inc., 910 F.2d 263, 266-67 (5th Cir.1990) (derivative suit). However, as the O'Neill opinion noted, any result that benefits the corporation benefits the shareholders. Id.
When there is a common fund created by a settlement, courts have applied one of two methods of determining reasonable attorney's fee awards: by a percentage of the fund, or by the lodestar method developed in the statutory fee shifting cases. See Uselton v. Commercial Lovelace Motor Freight, Inc., 9 F.3d 849, 853 (10th Cir.1993). We have recently implied "a preference for the percentage of the fund method" in common fund cases. Gottlieb v. Barry, 43 F.3d at 483. "In all cases, whichever method is used, the court must consider the twelve Johnson factors."3 Id.
In reaching the fee award, it is not entirely clear whether the district court applied a lodestar or a percentage of the fund analysis.4 The district court acknowledged that the essential focus was the value of the benefits achieved by plaintiffs' attorneys' efforts. The court stated that "the quantification of benefit in this case is exceedingly difficult." Appellant's App. 563. It noted the $3.5 million in insurance proceeds, enhanced by the $1 million deductible, then stated that it is difficult or impossible to quantify the benefits to shareholders of savings in brokerage fees,5 and the benefit of the corporate governance procedures. The district court then stated that
there is a persuasive argument before me in the context of this case that at this phase of participation by class members, there is a rough benefit, which can be expected to be exceeded, of $15 million.
My rough calculation of the fee requested reflects that that would be about 16 percent of that estimated benefit.
The point of this exercise is this: The benefit is manifest, and given the manifest benefit I have no qualms or reservations in finding and concluding that benefit is substantial.
Id. at 564. The district court proceeded to consider each of the Johnson factors, and in the process referenced the time and labor, "a lodestar type of analysis." Id. In concluding that the proffered lodestar of around $780,000 was reasonable the court did not question plaintiffs' counsels' statement of the hours spent on the case and hourly rate figures averaging over $300 per hour ($185 to $450) for attorney time and paralegal rates as high as $125 per hour.6 It applied the requested multiplier of approximately 3.16 to reach the $2,500,000 figure. Id. at 567. Thus, applying both the percentage of the fund and the lodestar analysis the district court somehow arrived at exactly the same figure, $2,500,000, the maximum fee plaintiffs' counsel said they might ask for in the settlement.
Plaintiffs argue that we may not review the district court's determination of the value of the settlement because only the attorney's fee issue is being appealed. Of course, the propriety of the settlement itself is not before us. But in setting its fee award the court extolled the value of the benefits to the shareholders/corporation and the class and used its findings to justify its attorney's fee award. Thus, the value is a relevant issue in this appeal.
We believe that properly analyzed this is not a common fund case and that the benefits secured to the corporation, and perhaps to the class members, are likely not worth the $15 million plus estimated by the district court.
We turn first to the derivative suit. In the notice to shareholders, "Answers to Questions You May Have About the Proposed Settlement," the only benefit stated was the new corporate governance procedures. Appellant's App. 318-19, 321. The court admitted this benefit was not quantifiable. Id. at 563. No new committees were established, only a commitment that for at least five years the existing Corporate Development and Finance Committee would review any sale or purchase of real estate involving $10 million or more, any leases with an annual rental of $1.5 million or more, and any "substantial or material diversification" of the corporate business, id. at 108; that the Public Policy Committee would make an annual review of all "significant governmental or regulatory proceedings" involving the corporation's real estate or transactions with affiliates and provide that information to the Corporate Development Committee, id. at 108-109; that the Human Resources Committee would review the effect of any "employment resizing programs" on corporate trust funds, id. at 109; and that the Audit Committee would at least annually review the corporation's discussion of its real estate portfolio as contained in its 10-K report to the SEC, review reserves established for employer resizing programs, and review the methodology used to determine the net realizable value of the corporation's real estate portfolio prepared by management, id.
As counsel for Russell pointed out to the district court, these are not extraordinary modifications; the committees apparently were in place as a result of a prior separate lawsuit. See id. at 406, 550. Although the corporate governance procedures in the settlement seem to us merely prudent safeguards any major corporation should have in place without the impetus of a lawsuit, whether this change was extraordinary and of special value should be established easily by the testimony of an expert familiar with other major corporations' governance provisions.
Apparently the only contribution to the corporation or the class by the individual defendant directors and officers was the $3.5 million their insurers paid to US West. We do not see how the district court considered this to be a contribution equal to $4.5 million; regardless of the deductible, the amount made available to the corporation to use or to help fund the expenses it incurred was $3.5 million. Although this money came into the corporate treasury, it might well be treated as simply a contribution to the costs of the suit; US West apparently assumed and paid some $3 million in administrative costs in connection with the settlement and the notices to class members and shareholders. See id. at 403. That expense is in addition to the $2.6 million attorney's fees and expenses the court ordered US West to pay. Thus, if these costs are balanced against the contribution from the insurance, viewing this as a derivative suit it is difficult to ascertain any net benefit to the corporation.
The third and final benefit to the corporation mentioned by the district court was the influx of capital from the stock purchases by class members under the settlement. The court appeared to believe this was unique, because it found the stock purchases benefitted both the corporation and the class members, a win/win situation with no detriment to anyone in the lawsuit.
The court made no finding that the corporation needed this influx of capital; but we may assume it did because US West apparently has in place a shareholder dividend reinvestment plan, id. at 135, 368, to continue to funnel new capital to the corporation. Of course, to the extent the corporation received less than the fair value for the shares sold to the class members it diluted the value of the stock held by the other common shareholders. It is also relevant to the value of this capital influx that other avenues were open to the corporation to obtain capital. Many corporations raise money by rights offerings to shareholders without brokerage fees and at discounts from market. Plaintiffs, in touting their success in the settlement, noted that a public offering would require the company to pay approximately $1 per share underwriting costs. This is close to the 3% discount the settlement offered the class members, considering that the stock apparently was selling for less than $50 per share. See id. at 297, 300. Thus, although the class members' purchases of US West stock brought an influx of capital to the company, from the record before us it does not appear the addition was less costly or more valuable than raising the capital by another method. Thus, any special benefit to the corporation resulting from the lawsuit seems illusory.
It appears from the record that the principal benefit of the settlement inured to the class members who were able to buy company shares at a discount from the market price. Even here the benefit does not appear to be huge. Class members were permitted to purchase shares directly from the company at a 3% discount, but only for up to one-tenth of the total number of shares they purchased during the approximately two year class period. Id. at 104, 296-97. Plaintiffs made much of the saving to small investors, because the class members did not have to pay broker's fees. But class members who bought less than twenty shares during the class period had no right to purchase stock under the settlement. If they sent in their application they were paid cash equal to the 3% discount for either one or two shares; i.e., apparently no more than $3 total. Class members entitled to purchase apparently were treated like those who participated in the dividend reinvestment program, except for the discount. Russell cited authority that rights offerings to shareholders without brokerage fees are common and often offered at a discount of 5% or more from the market price. Reply Brief of Appellant at 9-10. One objecting shareholder's letter in the record included a list of thirty-seven major corporations that offered their shares to their stockholders at a discount of 2 1/2 to 5% from market. Appellant's App. 354.
What makes the value of the discount to the class members reach a significant total is simply the size of the corporation and the enormous number of class members eligible to purchase. Apparently 24 million shares had to be offered. Id. at 300.7 This fact obviously impressed the judge, who noted that for a corporation with 400 million shares outstanding and 899,000 record holders, "$2.5 million is like a grain of sand in the Sahara." Id. at 548.
The benefit of the settlement, we believe, inures almost entirely to the class members and comes from the value of the discount given those who were willing to buy more US West stock. There was no fund of money obtained for the class to share. Rather most class members had to pay the defendant corporation 97% of the market price for additional shares in order to realize any benefit. Cf. In re: General Motors Corp. Pick-Up Truck Fuel Tank Litigation, 55 F.3d 768, 802-03 (3d Cir.1995) (rejecting products liability class action settlement that gave each owner a coupon whose value could be realized only by purchasing a new truck). The only fund available to the class members to reimburse their lawyers in any sense arises from the $3.5 million contributed by the insurers of the individual defendants. The district court's order required that almost 75% of that be paid to the plaintiffs' attorneys.
We are satisfied that this is a common benefit, but not a common fund, case, and that a percentage of the fund approach is not appropriate. Thus, this is a case for application of the twelve Johnson factors. See Gottlieb v. Barry, 43 F.3d at 483. These attorneys are entitled to a fair fee for their services. We do not suggest that the fee analysis must follow the approach of the statutory fee cases like Ramos v. Lamm, 713 F.2d 546 (10th Cir.1983). Nevertheless, even though the amount of money that changed hands here is great, our conscience is shocked by an award of a 3.16 multiplier that results in a fee equal to more than $900 per hour for every attorney, paralegal, and law clerk who worked on the case.
Therefore, we must reverse and remand for further proceedings in the district court. We believe an evidentiary hearing is appropriate. The court may find it helpful to take evidence on the uniqueness of the corporate governance provision, on what are reasonable hourly rates for the attorneys in a case that does not produce a common fund, on whether the hours expended by counsel and their assistants were reasonable, and perhaps on other aspects affecting the appropriate fee award. We do not forbid some multiplier if there is evidence of something extraordinary in the results that was not apparent to this panel, or if one of the Johnson factors appears to demand it.8 We hold, however, that the high dollar figures necessarily involved in a corporation of this size cannot justify a multiplier.
The Honorable Edward C. Reed, Jr., Senior United States District Judge, United States District Court for the District of Nevada, sitting by designation
Russell appeals the district court's final order approving the settlement and awarding attorney's fees, as well as the order denying his "Motion for an Order Delaying Any Ruling on Plaintiffs' Attorney Fee Application and for an Order Granting an Evidentiary Hearing on Attorney Fees and his Motion for an Order Requiring Plaintiffs' Counsel to Produce their Time Records."
To have standing to sue as a representative plaintiff in a shareholder derivative action, a person must have owned stock at the time of the complained of acts (the "contemporaneous ownership rule"), and "must be a shareholder of the defendant corporation at the time suit is brought." Schilling v. Belcher, 582 F.2d 995, 999 (5th Cir.1978) (citing Fed.R.Civ.P. 23.1); see also Lewis v. Knutson, 699 F.2d 230, 238 (5th Cir.1983) (quoting Schilling ). "[I]t is generally held that the ownership requirement continues throughout the life of the suit and that the action will abate if the plaintiff ceases to be a shareholder before the litigation ends." Schilling, 582 F.2d at 999 (citing, inter alia, 7A Charles A. Wright et al., Federal Practice and Procedure Sec. 1826, at 325 (1972), and 3B Moore's Federal Practice p 23.1.17, at 23.1-63 (2d ed. 1978). To merely object to the settlement of a derivative action, however, the objector apparently need only own stock in the corporation at the time of the settlement hearing, and appear at the settlement hearing to raise his or her objections. Saylor v. Bastedo, 78 F.R.D. 150, 151-153 (D.C.N.Y.1978); see Bell Atlantic Corp. v. Bolger, 2 F.3d 1304 (3d Cir.1993); Webcor Electronics v. Whiting, 101 F.R.D. 461 (D.Del.1984); and 7C Charles A. Wright, Arthur R. Miller & Mary Kay Kane, Federal Practice & Procedure Sec. 1839, at 182 (1986). Russell was a shareholder at the time of the acts and at all times thereafter. But in another case it is quite possible a shareholder who acquired stock after the acts occurred but before the settlement or fee hearing might be held ineligible for intervenor status
The Johnson factors include: "the time and labor required, the novelty and difficulty of the question presented by the case, the skill requisite to perform the legal service properly, the preclusion of other employment by the attorneys due to acceptance of the case, the customary fee, whether the fee is fixed or contingent, any time limitations imposed by the client or the circumstances, the amount involved and the results obtained, the experience, reputation and ability of the attorneys, the 'undesirability' of the case, the nature and length of the professional relationship with the client, and awards in similar cases." Gottlieb v. Barry, 43 F.3d at 482 n. 4 (citing Johnson v. Georgia Highway Express, Inc., 488 F.2d 714, 717-19 (5th Cir.1974))
The district court stated that the trend in the field, and in this circuit, is to award fees "in cases of this nature" on a percentage basis, "but that begs the question of percentage of what." Appellant's App. 561. The court then stated that "I am cognizant that the lodestar method is one method to approach an award of fees, but the shortcomings of the lodestar method in a case of this nature are manifest, whereas its more reasoned application in statutory fee cases has greater benefit." Id. The court then listed the Johnson factors as appropriate to consider
The court acknowledged it would be easier to quantify the discount savings and purchase of stock after the offering ended, but it rejected the objector's request to delay the award until April 1994
The court stated that going through the billing sheets of counsel would not allow it to articulate the basis for the fee any better. Appellant's App. 570-71
Apparently only about 5.6 million shares were sold to class members, less than 24% of the offering. Brief of Plaintiffs-Appellees at 13-14 n. 6. We do not fault the district court, of course, for not waiting to see how many took advantage of the settlement offer. Nevertheless, the relatively small number is some indication that a large percentage of class members did not consider the settlement to have significant value
E.g., as to contingency, what were the prospects for a successful suit; can a law firm be justified taking a class action or derivative suit on contingency if the chances of recovery are significantly less than 50%; if the success is not significant should a reverse multiplier be applied


It's one of the most delicious, exclusive plates on all of Cape Cod-- The Chatham Bars Inn. But for those who cannot afford or who are not inclined to pay for fine dining, it's good to know some of the ingredients used in those meals are available to the public at the Cape Abilities farm stands in Brewster and Dennis.
I couldn't resist making a major produce haul at the original farm stand on scenic route 6A last weekend. The colors of the season lured me in from the road; mums in magenta, rust, cream and yellow, pumpkins of orange and gourds in yellow, green and cream twisted into odd shapes resembling heads, horns and noses.
As a radish nut, I bought my first watermelon radishes. Slice 'em up and they resemble teeny watermelons with green skins and pink flesh. The watermelon radish lacked some of the sting of a supermarket radish, but had a little more tang than the carrot shaped daikon radish used in Asian cooking and which is difficult to find on the Cape.
I also found purple and green speckled dragon beans-- the first I had seen on the Cape. I fell in love with this giant, flat variety of green bean in upstate New York.
It turns out that some of the radishes, tomatoes, eggplant, onions and more that burst with color at the farm stand are grown down the road at Chatham Bars Inn's private farm and greenhouses. The Inn purchased 8 acres of sandy land two years ago and amended it with manure, compost and food scraps and the shells of seafood to add nutrients to the soil. Since then the farm with it's full time manager has exploded with yield for the Inn's various restaurants. What the restaurant can't use, is offered to the public at the Cape Abilities farm stand on site.
Volunteers from Cape Abilities, an organization which creates jobs and support services for people with physical and mental impairment, staff the stand at the Chatham Bars Inn farm, and the original location in Dennis. The Inn farm stand is now closed for the year and will reopen in the spring. But the Dennis location is going strong and is bursting with the colors of the fall season right now.
Take a drive along one of the prettiest stretches of road in the country and see for yourself.
I wasn't planning to stop, but how could I not?
Onions and eggplant begin the ratatouille.
Mums and ornamental kale signal the start of autumn.


text:
Q: How to bind dropdown list in edit page use of for loop in asp.net mvc I was writing different type of code from Google but it is not display correct value in the dropdown. It shows the correct value in the textbox but not selected value in the dropdown.
Model
public Int64 EvaluationInfoID { get; set; }

public Int64 EvalCategoryID { get; set; }

public string EvalCategoryName { get; set; }

public string EvalCategoryDesc { get; set; }

public Int64 UserID { get; set; }

public DateTime? EvaluationDate { get; set; }

public int EvalTypeID { get; set; }

Controller
var models = new List<EvaluationInfoViewModel>();
ViewBag.GridState = this.GridRouteValues();

string serachCriteria = string.Format("created_by={0} and to_date(to_char(evaldate,'MM/DD/YYYY'),'MM/DD/YYYY')={1} ", Convert.ToInt32(Session["UserID"]), "to_date('" + evaldate.ToShortDateString() + "','MM/DD/YYYY')");

PODService.EvaluationInfo[] getData = service.GetEvaluationInfoBySearchCriteria(serachCriteria);

PODService.EvaluationCategory[] evalcat = service.GetEvalCategoryBySearchCriteria(" EC.Eval_ID= 1");//150811VP: For Self Evaluation Eval_ID=1
PODService.EvaluationType[] evalTypes = service.GetEvaluationTypeList();
ViewData["EVALTYPE"] = new SelectList(evalTypes, "EvaluationType_ID", "EvaluationType_Name");

for (var i = 0; i < getData.Length; i++)
{
    models.Add(new EvaluationInfoViewModel());
}

for (var i = 0; i < models.Count; i++)
{
    string serachCriteria1 = string.Format("created_by={0} and to_date(to_char(evaldate,'MM/DD/YYYY'),'MM/DD/YYYY')={1} ", Convert.ToInt32(Session["UserID"]), "to_date('" + evaldate.ToShortDateString() + "','MM/DD/YYYY')");
    models[i].EvalCategoryID = getData[i].EvalCategory_ID;
    models[i].EvalCategoryName = getData[i].EvalCategoryName;
    //models[i].EvalCategoryDesc = getData[i].Eval_CategoryDescription;
    models[i].UserID = Convert.ToInt64(Session["UserID"]);

    models[i].EvaluationDate = getData[i].EvaluationDate;
    models[i].EvalTypeID = getData[i].EvalTypeID;

    ViewData["EVALTYPEInfo"] = new SelectList(evalTypes, "EvaluationType_ID", "EvaluationType_Name", models[i].EvalTypeID);

View
@model  List<PODWeb.Models.EvaluationInfoViewModel>
@{
    Layout = null;

}
@using (Html.BeginForm("EditEvaluationInfo", "EvaluationInfo", FormMethod.Post))
{

                    @for (var i = 0; i < Model.Count(); i++)
                    {
                        @Html.HiddenFor(m=>m[i].UserID)
                        @Html.HiddenFor(m=>m[i].EvaluationDate)
                        @Html.HiddenFor(m =>m[i].EvalTypeID)

                                @Model[i].EvalCategoryName
                            @Html.EditorFor(m =>m[i].EvalTypeID)

                              @*@Html.DropDownListFor(m => m[i].EvalTypeID, ViewData["EVALTYPEInfo"] as IEnumerable<SelectListItem>, "Select Rating", new { @style = "width:200px" })*@

                                @Model[i].EvalCategoryDesc
                                @Html.HiddenFor(m => m[i].EvalCategoryID)

                    }

                            <input type="submit" name="Save" value="Save" class="t-button" style="margin-left: 471px" />

}

I want to display selected evaltypeid in dropdownlist but it is not displaying.

A: You have the code for the dropdown list commented out:
@*@Html.DropDownListFor(m => m[i].EvalTypeID,
  ViewData["EVALTYPEInfo"] as IEnumerable<SelectListItem>,
      "Select Rating", new { @style = "width:200px" })*@

You need to remove the outer @* and *@
@Html.DropDownListFor(m => m[i].EvalTypeID,
   ViewData["EVALTYPEInfo"] as IEnumerable<SelectListItem>,
     "Select Rating", new { @style = "width:200px" })

Also delete the @Html.EditorFor(m =>m[i].EvalTypeID) from your code.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Is escalator etiquette finally catching on among Filipinos?
The practice of standing on the right side of the escalator to allow those in a hurry to walk on the left side has been around for years and Filipinos could finally be catching on.
This escalator etiquette was seen among Filipinos on an escalator in a mall in Quezon City, a photo of which was shared by Facebook user Jean Eun Jung.
We're learning! Pilipinas, I'm so proud of you! ❤?? #escalatoretiquettePs. One way na hagdan po yung nasa left side #havefaith guys ?
SM Supermalls had put up signs on escalator etiquette two years ago but it did not immediately catch on.
Reddit user RealSophie1986 pointed out that such practice was mostly for hurrying passengers in train stations.
"If you've been to other countries, the main reason why ini-implement nila ito sa escalators is because nagmamadali ang mga tao. I agree din na walang nag mamadali sa mall. Normally, ini-implement to sa train stations and hindi sa mall," the Reddit user commented.
Meanwhile, some observed that those who are not following this rule are those with a companion.
The escalator etiquette varies in different parts of the world.
In Japan, people in the city of Tokyo follow the familiar etiquette of standing on the right side, but those in Osaka do the opposite.
Commuters in neighboring countries China, Hong Kong, Taiwan and South Korea also have the same right-side standing protocol, those in Singapore walk on the left side of the escalator.
People in the US, parts of the United Kingdom, Canada, France and New Zealand also stand on the right and walk on the left side of their escalators.
Walking on escalators, particularly those in subway systems, is discouraged in some of the world's busiest cities, such as in New York, Toronto and Tokyo.
Safety experts advised that standing while on an escalator will help prevent accidents, based on a BBC article.
This was previously highlighted in a popular public information video in the 1970s wherein a pair of children's boots got sucked into an escalator.
"Most escalator walking happens at underground stations – people don't tend to be in such a hurry in a shopping center, for instance," Tom Geoghegan wrote.
In a 2016 study, researchers have found that this was applicable during busy hours.
It was conducted by the Transport for London at the Holborn station in the London subway system or the Tube.


2018 Subaru VIZIV Tourer Concept Review & Changes – Subaru has a faithful subsequent, and that is aided the Japanese automaker continuously improve sales when other automakers have battled. But Subaru requirements to address new technology, and carry on offering much more cars to individuals who are not present enthusiasts of the brand. That is what the Subaru VIZIV Tourer concept is all about.
Revealed at the 2018 Geneva Motor Show, the Tourer is the newest in Subaru's series of "VIZIV" ideas. It may sound like the title of an alien race from Star Trek, but "VIZIV" is basically brief for "Vision for Creativity." It is the brand Subaru is true to concept cars that highlight new technology, or new styling designs.
The VIZIV Tourer appears to be about styling than technology. It is comparable in size to the present-generation Outback, so that it may present an idea of what the next generation of that well-liked model (and its Legacy sibling) may appear like. But although the Outback is an eminently functional five-seat wagon, the VIZIV Tourer only seats four. At the very least no one could have to squash into a center rear seat.
Although some earlier VIZIV methods have showcased hybrid powertrains, the VIZIV Tourer utilizes a stand up-by itself boxer engine without having electric support. The engine transmits its power to all four wheels. It is a standard Subaru set up, and the company did not intricate about what may make this powertrain distinctive from the ones in its recent creation models. Subaru usually slaps hood scoops like the VIZIV Tourer's on stronger turbocharged models but did not affirm this concept sports a turbo.
Subaru stated the VIZIV Tourer features innovative driver-support techniques which will launch on generation models in 2020 but did not supply a lot of particulars on explained techniques. The automaker currently provides the camera-based Eye-sight system on present creation models, including features like adaptive cruise control and autonomous crisis breaking.
The Subaru VIZIV Tourer probable will not go deep into manufacturing, however, some of its design factors may show up on future Subaru creation models. In the meantime, Subaru is going out its largest vehicle actually, the Ascent, which will come with seats for up to eight folks and 19 cupholders. It is Subaru consider to remain competitive in opposition to the loves of the Honda Pilot and Toyota Highlander.


text:
Jirina Prekop, eigentlich Jiřina Prekopová (* 14. Oktober 1929 in Prostějov; † 7. September 2020 in Prag), war eine tschechoslowakische bzw. tschechische Psychologin.

Leben
Jirina Prekop studierte Psychologie, Philosophie und Pädagogik in der Tschechoslowakei. Nach dem Zusammenbruch des Prager Frühlings ließ sie sich 1970 in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland nieder. Sie war als Psychologin im Olgahospital in Stuttgart tätig. 1981 übernahm sie von der US-amerikanischen Psychologin Martha Welch die Grundsätze der Festhaltetherapie zur Behandlung von Autismus und entwickelte sie, unter Einbeziehung des systemischen Ansatzes von Bert Hellinger, zur "Festhaltetherapie nach Prekop" weiter. Daneben veröffentlichte sie mehrere Erziehungsratgeber und unterstützte den familienpolitisch christlich-konservativen Interessenverband Familiennetzwerk, der sich vornehmlich gegen außerfamiliäre Kinderbetreuung engagiert.
Jirina Prekop lebte zeitweise in Lindau und zuletzt in Prag.

Festhaltetherapie

Bei der Festhaltetherapie halten sich Erwachsene in gegenseitiger Umarmung. Sie schauen sich dabei in die Augen, bis schmerzliche Gefühle, aggressive Impulse oder Ängste auftauchen. Das Halten und In-die Augen-Schauen wird so lange fortgesetzt, bis sich die negativen Gefühle auflösen und das Festhalten zur liebevollen Umarmung wird.

Festhaltetherapie wird auch bei Kindern angewendet. Das ist umstritten, da die Kinder nicht selber einwilligen, und die eigenhändig behandelnden Eltern oft nicht die erforderliche Distanz haben und das Festhalten dann in eine züchtigende bis traumatisierende Maßnahme münden kann.

Kritik
Kritiker halten den therapeutischen Ansatz Prekops für pseudowissenschaftlich. Die Therapie basiere auf der Annahme, Autismus werde durch eine gestörte Mutter-Kind-Beziehung verursacht; damit steht dieser Ansatz in einer Erklärungstradition, die von Bruno Bettelheim und Nikolaas Tinbergen begründet wurde. Viele Eltern von autistischen Kindern empfanden Schuldgefühle aufgrund der Entwicklung der Kinder und wurden von Psychologen, die in Erziehungsfehlern von "Kühlschrankmüttern" die Ursache des Autismus sahen, in ihren Schuldgefühlen bestätigt. Eine Therapieform, die die Heilung unter aktiver Mitwirkung der Mütter versprach, führte bei einigen Müttern zu der Hoffnung, das vermeintlich begangene Fehlverhalten wiedergutzumachen. Dass die autistischen Kinder sich hierbei massiv wehrten, wurde dabei in Kauf genommen. Ziel der Vorgehensweise ist, den Willen des autistischen Kindes zu brechen. Seit langer Zeit wird als Ursache für Autismus hauptsächlich eine genetische Disposition gesehen, sodass der tiefenpsychologische Ansatz in der Fachwelt als falsch gilt.

Kinder, die dieser Therapie unterworfen wurden, zeigten eher Symptome des sogenannten Stockholm-Syndroms als dass echte Therapieerfolge erzielt wurden. Letztlich werde praktisch durch teilweise stundenlanges Festhalten der Kinder Gewalt auf die Kinder ausgeübt. Autistische Menschen, die dieser Art der Therapie unterzogen wurden, berichten von Traumatisierungserfahrungen.

Werke
Folgende Bücher von Jirina Prekop sind im Kösel-Verlag, München, erschienen:

 Der kleine Tyrann, 1988, ISBN 3-466-34198-1.
 Hättest du mich festgehalten. Grundlagen und Anwendung der Festhalte-Therapie, 1989, ISBN 3-466-30296-X.
 (mit Christel Schweizer): Kinder sind Gäste, die nach dem Weg fragen. Ein Elternbuch, 1990, ISBN 3-466-30305-2.
 Unruhige Kinder, 1993, ISBN 3-466-30351-6.
 Schlaf Kindlein – verflixt nochmal!, 1996, 9. Auflage 2004, ISBN 3-466-30675-2.
 (mit Bert Hellinger): Wenn ihr wüsstet, wie ich euch liebe. Wie schwierigen Kindern durch Familien-Stellen und Festhalten geholfen werden kann, 1998, ISBN 3-466-30470-9.
 Erstgeborene – über eine besondere Geschwisterposition, 2000, ISBN 3-466-30529-2.
 Ich halte dich fest, damit du frei wirst: Die Festhaltetherapie: Grundlagen, Anwendungen und Weiterentwicklungen, 2008, ISBN 978-3-466-30812-5

Literatur

Zur Person
 Kürschners Deutscher Sachbuch-Kalender, Jg. 2003/2004, Band 2

Zur Festhaltetherapie
 Lutz Dietrich Herbst, Wider die Zwänge des "Autisten". Anmerkungen zur Mutter- und Kind-Haltetherapie bei beziehungsauffälligen Kindern, in: Zeitschrift für Heilpaedagogik, Jg. 1986, S. 180–188; auch in: Behindertenpädagogik, Jg. 1988, S. 197–206
 Georg Feuser, Aspekte einer Kritik des Verfahrens des "Erzwungenen Haltens" (Festhaltetherapie) bei autistischen und anders behinderten Kindern und Jugendlichen, in: Georg Feuser, Wolfgang Jantzen (Hg.), Jahrbuch für Psychopathologie und Psychotherapie, Jg. 1987, S. 73–134
 Wolfgang Hinte, Die kleine Tyrannin oder: Zwei Stunden mit Frau Prekop in einem Zimmer (Rezension zu Prekops Buch Der kleine Tyrann), in: Päd. extra & Demokratische Erziehung, Jg. 1988, S. 45–48
 Ulrich H. Rohmann, Ulrich Elbing, Festhaltetherapie und Körpertherapie : Beschreibung und kritische Würdigung der Mutter-Kind-Haltetherapie, Wut-Reduktions-Methode, Festhaltetherapie, basalen Kommunikation, modifizierten Festhaltetherapie, Musik-Körpererfahrungstherapie, integrativen Körpertherapie, körperkonzentrierten Interaktion, 1990, ISBN 3-8080-0206-9.
 Falk Burchard, Festhaltetherapie in der Kritik, 1992, ISBN 3-89166-139-8.
 Ute Benz (Hg.), Gewalt gegen Kinder. Traumatisierung durch Therapie?, 2004, ISBN 3-936411-60-3.

Weblinks

 Homepage von Jirina Prekop (mit Bild)

Einzelnachweise

Psychologe
Sachbuchautor (Pädagogik und Psychologie)
Pseudonym
Tscheche
Tschechoslowake
Geboren 1929
Gestorben 2020
Frau


When you buy a pool, you usually consider the cost of installation and the cost of any pool chairs/accessories you may wish to purchase with it, but you may not consider some of the maintenance costs your pool will require. Because your pool is being exposed to all elements of the weather, you need to be prepared to do maintenance year-round. Sometimes, this maintenance is very time intensive. You must be prepared to care well for the pool; if you do not perform maintenance properly, your pool could become dangerous.
Some parts of swimming pool maintenance are not costly but do require time. The easiest part of pool maintenance and the part that should be done the most often is skimming the pool with a net. This will remove any floating leaves or dead bugs and should be done three to four times a week to keep your drain from being clogged.
Next, you will need to vacuum the pool. You can have an automatic vacuum run at the bottom of the pool or you can manually operate one. Whichever vacuum you choose, you will need to buy it, which does incur a cost. Next, you will need to brush the walls of the pool with a stiff brush. This will keep mold and bacteria from living on your pool's walls. The brushing should be done once a week before you vacuum.
Last of all, you will need to "shock the pool" to kill any organisms living in the water. This includes adding chlorine. Confirm that you are following the manufacturer's instructions when adding so you do not add too much chlorine.
The above parts of maintenance should be done on a weekly basis, but the following maintenance steps should only be done if you sense a problem. If you have a pool heater, you will need to replace this every few years. You will need to refill the pool if the water level falls, and you should regularly use a home testing kit to measure the pH level of the water. If the pH level is out of balance, you will need to add chemicals.
If you live in a cold climate, you will need to remove the water from your pool using an air compressor. Any remaining water can be removed using special pool antifreeze. Make sure you unplug the pool's heater and clean the pool thoroughly before covering it up. For more information, contact local professionals like Cygnet Pool Supplies & Service Pty Ltd.
A pool is a major decision. You have to decide exactly what type of style, depth and features you want, and you have to design the area around the pool. You also have to make a lot of decisions about pool heaters, filters and other accessories. Hi, my name is Pauline, and I love my pool. However, I did a lot of research before having it installed. Sadly, I have friends who aren't as happy with their pools simply because they didn't put enough research into the decision-making process. If you are getting ready to buy a pool, I want to make sure that you find a pool that makes you happy. Because of that, I'm here to help you with this blog. Thank you for reading!


text:
ARISTEIDIS STAVROPOULOS
INFORMATIONS
Name: Aristeidis
Surname: Stavropoulos
Lenguages spoken: Greek, English
Position: Offensive midfielder/Forward
Club: Aris Salonicco
Scout: Luigi Calvo
STATISTICS
-0.42 key pass per game
-1.86 shoot per game (63% accurate)
-0.26 cross per game (20% accurate)
-18 challenges - 4 aerial - 14 ground (34% won)
-2.2 dribbling per game (43% succesful)
-11 passes per game (77% accurate)
-0.51 goals per game
-16.4 expected goals (20)
DESCRIPTION
Aristeidis is a very young Aris attacking midfielder. The young yellow and black talent, even if still just 16 years old, has started to show all the qualities of him in the dribble. He has a good use of both feet, with which he gives the ball to you.
His favorite role at the moment is that of playmaker. Aristeidis plays between the lines as an attacking midfielder. He shows that he already has excellent technique as well as good finishing skills, in fact it is possible to see in the video that he scores two goals from him. The first with a shot from distance, with his left foot less strong, while the other with an insertion in the penalty area.
Physically he has a still immature muscle structure, naturally due to his very young age, but he has plenty of time to grow and strengthen in this respect. Athletically very good.
His impression is that he can become a number 10 capable of playing behind the strikers, taking advantage of his important technical skills and the very elegant touch of the ball, or even as a second striker.


RCPW is a top online dealer of replacement Meyer snow plow parts and accessories. We have everything your plow might need, from general maintenance parts like hydraulic fluid and springs, to more specialized items like mounting cartons, a-frames and sectors. Whatever your plow requires, we have it and can get it to you fast. We also offer free in-store pickup at our warehouse in Macedonia, OH.
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We stock all of the components that you would need to rebuild, repair, or replace your existing hydraulic power unit on your truck. If you'd like to repair or completely rebuild, we stock items like seal kits, paint, rams and other items that frequently go bad. Just want to replace what you have and get a new one? We sell refurbished units and keep them on-hand during the season.
For assistance, or to place your order today, call our expert team at 800.937.7279 and we'll help you find the exact Meyer parts you need to get the job done and get back behind the wheel and clearing snow.


text:
package org.finra.herd.dao;

import java.util.List;

import org.finra.herd.model.jpa.ExternalInterfaceEntity;

public interface ExternalInterfaceDao extends BaseJpaDao
{
    /**
     * Gets an external interface by it's name.
     *
     * @param externalInterfaceName the external interface name (case-insensitive)
     *
     * @return the external interface for the specified name
     */
    ExternalInterfaceEntity getExternalInterfaceByName(String externalInterfaceName);

    /**
     * Gets a list of external interfaces.
     *
     * @return the list of external interfaces
     */
    List<String> getExternalInterfaces();
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Here comes the roller coaster ride to the stock market abyss. Still the time to buy bargains though.
Greece likely to default and exit Euro.. Very damn high chances as the government IMHO don't want to do the unpopular thing that is to cut down all the social spending that is burdening the full blown depressionist economy. No way out for Greece, they really need to bite the bullet.
On the local front, now the IMDB tragedy is now zooming to put blame on a whistleblower who supposedly forged wrong financials that showed IMDB in the loss ?! What?!


This is the debut recording (LP) of the New York-based chamber group founded in 2012. The ensemble, more or less headed by accordionist Ben Richter, oboist Sky Macklay and keyboardist Andrew C. Smith, has seven or so core members plus others in its ambit. For this recording the line-up includes, in addition to Richter and Macklay, Alice Jones (flute), Chris Nappi (percussion), Lucia Helen Stavros (harp), Hannah Levinson (viola), Maria Hadge (cello), James Ilgenfritz (bass), Rebekah Griffin Green (bass), Damon Loren Baker (percussion) and, on two piece, Carl Bettendorf (conductor). They perform Macklay's '60 Degree Mirrors', Pauline Oliveros' 'Angels and Demons' and Richter's 'Wind People'.
The Macklay piece, inspired by kaleidoscope patterns, oscillates between brief, rhythmically oriented kernels and somewhat stretched-out sequences, the tones in the latter engagingly sour, especially the multiphonics and microtones from the oboe. There's a certain wry playfulness to it--at times it reminded me of a calliope--and an interesting mix of modern techniques within a structure that retains an amount of classicalness. It might fit comfortably into a Bang On a Can program, but it's better than that. Olivero's 'Angels & Demons' is a text score, asking the ensemble to evoke "collective guardian spirits' (angels) and "individual spirits of creative genius" (demons). At a concert venue, I'd likely begin twitching uncomfortably in my seat upon reading this, but the members of Ghost Ensemble pull it off without any undue new-age-ishness. Low, growling bass attacks help ground the long, floating lines above; soil and mist. Very fine ensemble playing--excellent listening to one another.
The Richter work occupies Side B. A cloudy, mysterious and dark opening, low rumbles and moans with the odd sharp glint through the shadows. It throbs, pulsates, moves inch by inch, Beckettian in its slow spread. Some wonderful tonalities are generated in the shifting lines of varying lengths, the interplay of those deep tones with the soft plucking of the harp and an occasional hesitant but steady, dull beat of a drum. Matters begin to coalesce toward the end, dense lines forming, surging off into the hazy dark, perhaps offering just a bit more direction than was apparent at the start; not a light at the end of a tunnel, but maybe the faintest of glimmers. A very strong piece, my favorite on this recoding.
Very good work all around, certainly a group to keep an eye on.


This is the eighth blog in a series where we will be exploring the topic of innovation and its impact on digital curriculum.
When students are below or at risk of falling below grade level in one or more subject, it's an immense challenge for teachers to meet their needs while continuing to meet the needs of the rest of the students in their class. If struggling students don't get the support they need, they often lose motivation, fall further behind, score lower on high stakes exams and become at risk of dropping out.
Districts need a curriculum that allows them to identify and close students' gaps, often down to elementary level skills. Because there's no one reason students are below grade level, districts need a curriculum that can meet the needs of a wide range of students—particularly struggling, English language learners (ELL), special education, and historically disengaged students.
Many students aren't ready for grade-level work. Many middle school students pass enough classes to get promoted, but are behind in one or more subjects. Those students come to high school and continue to fall behind, many failing to graduate with their cohort. Students succeed when they're supported and engaged, but giving every student what they need right when they need it is challenging and, at times, more than any one teacher can offer.
When students are behind, academic failure can quickly become part of a student's self-image. When students are behind, graduation can feel out of reach ("If I can't even do this today, how can I ever graduate?"). And when some students are behind, it's a challenge for teachers to meet their needs alongside the rest of the class. This often leads to teachers needing to choose whether to serve a struggling student or their peers.
Remediation needs to work in sync with core classroom instruction. When students fall too far behind their peers, many start to lose motivation. To keep on track and stay motivated, students need to feel successful alongside their peers. To keep in sync, the remedial curriculum needs to adapt to the content of the core classroom and to the needs of each student. In addition, core teachers need continuous insight into and influence over student progress in the remedial class.
As an administrator, it's hard to affect change in every classroom. It's hard to know how it's going with just interim exam data to rely on. It's also difficult to get buy-in to any district effort as teachers are already working hard and have a strong sense of what works in their classroom.
How can digital curriculum support struggling students?
For more than 20 years, Apex Learning has been providing effective digital curriculum designed to actively engage students in learning—combining embedded supports and scaffolds to meet diverse student needs, actionable data to inform instruction, and success management—to districts nationwide.
If there's anything we've learned, it's that struggling students are successful when they're well-supported (using scaffolds and supports); engaged (with active learning); and given constant, page-by-page feedback (built into the curriculum). In other words, students succeed when they're active learners, not passive receivers.
Apex Learning digital curriculum presents information using activity types that are the most effective for the concept begin taught, scaffolds that provide context and variety and on demand supports, so students with language development concerns are exposed to many ways of gathering and processing information. Information is presented in manageable chunks to assist cognitive processing and long-term retention.
The way we build scaffolds and supports into the instruction means that students have access to help the minute they need it without having to wait for it, they have context for new information instead of just receiving facts and they receive formative feedback to help them build skills as opposed just getting hints.
For initial credit or credit-deficient students, rigorous digital curriculum—with the active learning, scaffolds, and supports needed for success—can be the difference between dropping out and earning a high school diploma. Our Courses provide students who have not been successful in their studies the opportunity to get back on track to graduation. High expectations that are supported by active learning, scaffolds, and supports allow students to learn more, and we have efficacy data to prove it.
For students with skill and concept gap remediation or exam readiness needs, personalized adaptive remediation can be the key to keeping on track toward graduation and being prepared for the future. Our Tutorials with adaptive remediation, identify and fill skill gaps by focusing learning on each student's areas of deficiency, resulting in success in passing classes the first time and achieving success on high-stakes tests.
To learn more about our Courses and Tutorials, please reach out to me directly at joanne.frank@apexlearning.com.


I'm not an introverted person, infact I'm the most social chatterbox you've ever met. I love to be around friends, but I prefer to travel alone.
2011 was a rough year for me. I had been battling Lyme Disease for over 3 years and I had just gone through a gut-wrenching breakup. In a cliche Eat, Pray, Love kind of moment, I quit my job, packed up and went to Italy, Greece, Egypt and The Netherlands... all by myself. I learned a lot of things on that trip, like I'm stronger & more brave than I thought, you can never run from your problems (but a trip half way around the world can certainly change your prospective). Most importantly, realized that my best travel experiences happen when I travel alone.
This past year, one of my best friends (a healthy, vibrant young woman) suddenly passed away. Between that and struggling with Lyme Disease there is only one thing that I know for certain, and that is we are not promised tomorrow. We aren't guaranteed to be healthy, and we aren't guaranteed to be alive. Morbid? Maybe, but knowing that has added a sense to urgency to my travels, and I want to see everything, and squeeze everything I possibly can out of this life.
If I didn't go alone, I wouldn't have been to a fraction of the places I have been to. If I had a dollar for all of times I have passed up a travel opportunity because I waited on someone else, I would have enough for a flight to Japan. I have seen almost every wonder of the modern world, I have traveled to places with civil unrest, I have dined with locals and made friends around the world. All of this when my friends had reasons they couldn't come. Thats fine, I'm not mad. I love my friends more than anything and I can see them when I'm home.
Claudio Volpetti always rolls out the red carpet for me when I come to Rome & visit his shop. My Italian isn't great and neither is his English, but we bond over food tastings and hugs.
When you travel alone you are more open to different experiences and more chance encounters. If you are with friends at a restaurant, you will dine with them and be more closed off to others. If you are alone, you will sit at the bar, make friends, or learn about local secrets from the bartender or other patrons.
The people you meet during your travels are always far more interesting than your friends back home. Not because friends at home aren't amazing, but because the friends you meet traveling bring a different and refreshing prospective.
When I went to Turkey alone on a whim for my fall break during college, I came across two guys eating ice-cream and speaking English. Feeling a little lonely for some new friends and excited to hear my native tongue, I quickly said "Where did you get the ice-cream?" (not that I cared for any ice-cream) and we instantly started to chat. Ben and Brendan were cycling from Shanghai to Dublin and they were currently in Istanbul for a few days. Talk about interesting new friends! We grabbed a bite to eat and went to a hookah bar, and traded travel stories. To this day I still keep in with them, and I have even seen Brendan a few times here in LA. We talk on the phone at least a few times a month about our travels and adventures, and I know that I have a friend for life. If I had a friend traveling with me, there would have been much less of a desire to reach out and ask about that ice-cream and I would have missed out on two great friends that share my same sense of adventure and thirst for travel.
A beach and a margarita, or the Great Wall of China? Easy decision for me!
When I travel with the people I love, I realize how different we are. Diversity is great, it makes the world go round - but it makes it difficult to plan an adventure when your friends want to relax poolside. My girlfriends' idea of a great trip is the beaches of Cabo or Ibiza or an exhausting (but super fun) weekend partying at Coachella.
Don't get me wrong- those are all really fun- but I am looking for more out of my travels. Where my friends see a relaxing vacation, I see an opportunity for travel and there is a big difference between a vacation and how I travel. I want to experience a culture. I want to go to a place no one has discovered yet. I plan to get dirty, and get into the meat and bones of a country's culture.
My friends want a vacation, and I tire them out. While traveling I prefer to adventure. I SCUBA dive, I'm an extreme skiier, I fish, I waterski, I surf, I'll dive with sharks, I hike mountains, I jump out of planes, I hang glide... you get the picture. My friends just want a margarita and a massage, and I can't blame them... it's just not how I choose to spend my time or my money when I'm away from home.
Traveling with a significant other is another option for a lot of women, but not for me! I once went to Italy and France with a boyfriend and that was the end of that relationship. I know Rome like the back of my hand, I get around with no map and I don't need to stop and ask for directions. So when the boyfriend constantly asks me "How do you know?" when I say the Vaticans this way... or dinner is that way...its a little frustrating. Additionally when someone wants to see one thing and you want to see another, and you have to play tour guide, it can get ugly. I prefer to do things on my own and not have to live up the the expectations of my friends or boyfriends.
You know that cliche Eat, Pray Love journey I took after my breakup, that doesn't work if you bring friends. Elizabeth Gilbert didn't bring friends along in the book, and Julia Roberts didn't bring friends along in the movie. You need to learn to be alone. Being alone with your thoughts is good for you. It's amazing what you discover you like and dislike when you don't have others to influence you. Additionally, traveling alone, seeing new places, different people and cultures, it lets you reassess your own values, priorities and beliefs.
You have the opportunity to leave it all behind and go on a truth seeking journey. It's hard to have time to absorb all of the life lessons coming at you if you are distracted by your friends and where they want to have dinner. If you allow everyone you meet along the way to be a teacher, you can learn quite a bit about yourself and the world around you. Traveling alone is an opportunity to face some harsh realities about your own beliefs, culture and most difficultly, yourself. I strongly believe that travel is the best form of education.
5. It Builds My Confidence.
Last week in Portland I met a really cool and adventerous guy, you know how we got to talking? He heard me discussing my solo trip to Cuba with someone else and became interested in what I had to say. Impressing guys is not the reason I travel, but it's a great added benefit.
There is an added sexiness and confidence that you exude after traveling solo. I can read a map, I can navigate a foreign land, I can (occasionally) speak foreign languages and communicate with others even when I can't. I can make new friends, I can protect myself from harms way in dangerous cities. I can explore, I can discover, I can be my own best company.
I experience so much more and travel more efficiently when I travel alone, and that boosts my confidence as well. I feel incredible knowing that I can do all of this on my own.
Traveling alone has made me realize all the incredible things about myself, like my natural ability to make friends with just about anyone. When I come home, all of that self-realization turns into a whole lot of confidence, and that is a beautiful thing.


text:
Smooth Jazz for a Hot Summer Night with Nelson Rangell
The critically acclaimed jazz saxophone and flute virtuoso, Nelson Rangell, joins the CJO for a night of incredible jazz – both cool and hot!Jazziz magazine writes that Nelson Rangell is "an artist of depth, a master of song, and an improviser non pareil." The Times of London notes "his extraordinary facility on a range of instruments" and Rangell's "considerable crowd pleasing power". Saxophone Journal writes "He commands the alto saxophone with such authority there can be no denying that Rangell is a true artist," and Flute Talk Magazine states "Nelson Rangell creates the impression that anything is possible when he improvises." Such praise is a confirmation of what contemporary jazz fans have known since the Denver based saxophonist emerged in the late 80s as one of the leaders of the "smooth jazz" scene: that Rangell is one of the most exciting and diverse performers in the genre, equally adept at soprano, alto, and tenor saxophone, as well as being a genuine virtuoso on flute and piccolo. Rangell joins the CJO to perform classic and contemporary jazz favorites as well as tunes from his newly released CD, "By Light."
Opening Act: Columbus Youth Jazz Orchestra | 6:45 p.m.
JazZoo, Performances
Columbus Zoo and Aquarium
9990 Riverside Drive,
Powell, 43065 United States + Google Map
Cardinal Health, The Dispatch Media Group, Sunny 95, WOSU Public Media