text:
Childhood abuse: Differential gender effects on mental health and sexuality
M. Abrams a,b,* , M. Milisavljevi ́c c , A. ˇSoˇski ́c c
a Psychology for NJ, LLC, 120, Mountain Park Road, Clifton, NJ 07013, USA
b New York University, 70, Washington Square South, New York, NY, 10012, USA
c University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
Available online 24 July 2019
Childhood abuse;
Gender differences;
Atypical sexuality;
Psychopathology;
BPD;
Objectives. — Childhood abuse is linked to many maladaptive outcomes in adulthood, but its effects on adult sexuality are rarely explored. The goal of this study was to explore adult correlates of childhood abuse, related to both sexual fantasies and behavior, as well as mental health. Moreover, the relationship of these outcomes and gender was explored.
Methods. — Surveys exploring sexual activity and fantasies, and psychopathological symptoms were conducted online on two groups of adults — those not abused in childhood, and those abused during their pre-teen age by close family members (sample of 349 participants).
Results. — Atypical sexual fantasies were more common in the abused than in the non-abused males, while the same relationship was not observed in the females. Similar tendencies, albeit not as strong, were seen in the case of sexual behaviors. On the other hand, both man and abused women were more prone to developing psychological symptoms, in comparison to non- abused group. However, this relationship was more pronounced in the females. Moreover, high tendency for borderline personality disorder was registered in both, abused males and females, but tendency for posttraumatic stress disorder was only increased in the females.
Conclusions. — Findings supported the hypothesis that gender moderates the outcomes of child- hood abuse, with the abused males experiencing more disturbances in the sexuality domain, and the females experiencing more psychological symptoms. This is in accordance with findings claiming that male sexuality is more likely to be influenced by developmental events, while the females tend to experience more psychological symptoms in the face of childhood abuse.
© 2019 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
DOI of original article:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sexol.2019.07.001.
La version en franc ̧ais de cet article, publiée dans l'édition imprimée de la revue, est également disponible en ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sexol.2019.07.001.
* Corresponding author. 120, Mountain Park Road, Clifton, NJ 07013, USA.E-mail address: [email protected] (M. Abrams).
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sexol.2019.07.002
1158-1360/© 2019 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
Early life abuse by a family member is associated with a range of pathologies throughout the lifespan. The effects of childhood abuse on sexuality have not been thoroughly explored, yet studies suggest that childhood abuse can influ-ence adult sexuality. Although much of the sexual behavior is innate, in humans it remains flexible and is shaped by devel-opmental variations, traumas, and cultural demands (e.g., Bowlby, 1969). One study demonstrated that nearly half of the clients attending sex therapy have a history of child- hood sexual abuse (Berthelot et al., 2014). Childhood sexual abuse was correlated with sexual avoidance and compulsiv- ity (often co-existing) (Vaillancourt-Morel et al., 2015). In females, early life sexual abuse has been associated with revictimization in adulthood, as well as anxiety, fear and sui-cidal tendencies (Beitchman et al., 1992; Messman-Moore & Long, 2000). Further, Abrams and Stefan (2012) observed in a clinical sample that women who were severely sexually abused as youths are prone to sexual masochism, self- destructive lifestyles, and borderline personality disorder (BPD). Females also seem to experience more psychopatho- logical effects of childhood sexual abuse (Rind et al., 1998). In males, childhood abuse seems to be related with adult sexual dysfunction and paraphilias (Abrams, 2016; Seibel et al., 2009). Some findings suggest that male sexuality is more likely to be affected by disturbances during the key age of sexual development (Bowlby, 1969; Harlow and Harlow, 1962).
In order to explore the relationship of childhood abuse and outcomes in adulthood, a study was conducted inves- tigating the psychological symptoms and atypical sexual fantasies and acts in adults who were abused during child- hood, and those who reported no abuse. According to the extant studies, it was expected that gender would moderate the outcome of abuse — males are expected to experience more sexual disturbances, and females more psychological symptoms.
A sample of 349 people was surveyed online. Participants were separated in two groups — 149 participants reported being abused in their childhood (cut-off age was 12 — abuse was experienced in pre-teen age, age particularly sensitive in sexual development (Bowlby, 1969)), while 200 partici- pants reported no childhood abuse. Nature, severity and duration of the abuse were not specified. Current findings suggest that the type of abuse might not be the crucial fac- tor influencing its outcomes (Cecil et al., 2017). Since abuse by immediate family members is considered the most trau- matizing form of abuse (Courtois, 1988; Palmer et al., 1999) only individuals abused at homes by immediate family mem- bers (parents or siblings) were included in the study. Among abused participants, there were 78 males, and 71 females, and in the non-abused sample there were 107 males and 93 females.
The survey included questions about the psychological symp- toms and atypical sexual desires (both, in fantasy and acted upon). The lists of fantasies/behaviors/symptoms were pro- vided, and the participants were asked to check each one that applies to them. The psychological symptoms espe- cially focused on those associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and BPD (based on the DSM-5 criteria), as studies suggest that these two disorders are com- monly associated with the childhood abuse (Bounoua et al., 2015; Roberts et al., 2012). However, the symptom items were worded non-clinically. The list of psychopathologi- cal symptoms included: depression, panic attacks, phobia, anger, sadness, intrusive thoughts, anxiety, feeling mis- understood, feeling betrayed, loneliness or feeling alone, splitting (swinging from idealization to anger), other symp- toms, and no symptoms. The list of sexual behaviors and fantasies was comprised from most common paraphilias from the website Fetlife.com (a web based social network for people interested in BDSM, fetish and kink), chosen paraphilias from the comprehensive list developed by John Money (Money, 1984), and insights gained from interviews with BDSM experts, sex therapists and clients (Abrams, 2016). The list included: orgies, bondage, domination, cuck- olding, crossdressing, nudism, verbal abuse, sex assault, masochism, sadism, swinging, and submissiveness, and no such fantasies/experiences.
Participants were recruited via CrowdFlower (now Figure 8), an Internet service that promotes the ''crowdsourcing'' services of its participant base. Crowdflower, like Amazon's Mechanical Turk (MTurk), has been shown to be a reliable source of online survey data (Zhai et al., 2013). Participants were reimbursed for their completion of the survey with a predefined amount of money. Only the highest rated of par- ticipants (based on their reliability in prior surveys or work tasks) were included in the study.
Participants were presented with the primary aim of the study, technical details, and the option to withdraw at any time. The participants were provided with a resource they could contact in case the survey triggers any issues. They were asked to affirm that they were answering candidly with the caution that the gathered information will be used clinically.
In all analyses there were two independent variables, both categorical and binary: gender (with levels male and female) and presence of pre-teen abuse (levels were abused and not abused). There were three groups of dependent variables exploring sexual and psychological manifestations, derived from the questions regarding:
fantasies about atypical sexual activities (13 variables);
previous engagement in these sexual activities (13 varia-bles);
presence of emotional psychopathological symptoms (12 variables).
Two additional variables regarding presence of psy- chopathological syndromes were calculated. All mentioned variables were categorical and binary — yes/no type (fan- tasy/behavior/symptom present or absent).
Three new ratio variables were created, by calculating the percent of sexual fantasies, sexual acts actually per- formed, and psychological symptoms that each participant had endorsed. On these new variables, analyses of variance were performed.
Analyses were also performed to examine the influence of abuse on each of the sexual fantasies, the sexual behaviors and the psychological symptoms. The association between each dependent variable and the presence of pre-teen abuse was examined in the males and females separately. Since both, independent and dependent variables were categori- cal, one-sided Fisher exact tests were used for each of the dependent variables. Fisher's exact test was used because a significant portion of cells had counts below 10, making Pearson Chi-Square unsuitable. In the case of psychopatho- logical syndromes, Chi-Square was used, as conditions for its use were satisfied. Odds ratios and confidence intervals (95%) were also calculated and are provided in the tables.
Abuse and atypical sexual (and paraphilic) fantasies
Analysis of variance revealed significant effects of abuse (F(1, 345) = 5200, P = .000) and gender (F(1, 345) = 6512, P = .023) on the percent of sexual fantasies endorsed. The participants who reported childhood abuse and the males were more likely to engage in more atypical sexual fantasies. The analysis of gender, abuse, and fantasies showed no significant three-way effects. However, five of 13 varia- bles were associated with early life abuse in the male participants, and no such association was found in the females: orgies (P = .011), bondage (P = .027), verbal abuse (P = .036), swinging (P = .009), and having none of the fan- tasies (P = .031) (non-abused men marked this option more often). Only for cuckolding the association was significant for both genders (P = .024 for the males and P = .014 for the females). The effect of abuse in all cases was such that the fantasy was more common in abused participants Table 1.
Abuse and unusual sexual (and paraphilic) behavior
As it was expected, the frequency of atypical sexual expe- riences was in all cases lower than that of fantasies, which could have affected the possibility of detecting potential relationships. Analysis of variance on the percent of expe- riences marked showed neither significant effect of gender, nor of abuse (interaction of factors was also non-significant). Comparison of the male and female samples showed that there was a different pattern of results in the two groups.
The abused male participants had more frequent atypical sexual experiences overall (significant (P = .013) effect on the variable ''no such experiences''), compared to the men who were not abused in pre-teens. On the other hand, the abused women were more likely to report being sexually assaulted, than the women who were not abused (P = .043), which is the only result that differs from the general trend. Percentages for each of the experiences are available at Table 2.
Abuse and clinical symptoms
Analysis of variance on the frequency of psychological symp- toms showed the significant interaction of gender and abuse (F(1, 345) = 7987, P = .005). The increase in the number of symptoms marked by the abuse sample was more pro- nounced in the females, than in the males (Graph 1). Main effects of abuse (F(1, 345) = 43,596, P = .000) and gender (F(1, 345) = 11,597, P = .001) were also significant — more psychological symptoms were marked by the abused parti- cipants, and the females.
Analysis by gender revealed more about the relationship of abuse and psychological symptoms. The two-way analysis showed that all symptoms were significantly more common in the abused females. In the male participants significant increases were present in 4 out of 13 variables, but the effect was smaller than in the females: depression, anger, recurrent unwanted thoughts, and feeling betrayed by close people. All frequencies are shown in Table 3.
Psychopathological syndromes
Participants were asked about a number of psychological symptoms, clusters of which approximated the DSM-5 diag- nostic criteria for BPD and PTSD. This survey was not meant to be a diagnostic instrument, and therefore it might be more precise to discuss the tendency toward PTSD and BPD. Tendency for PTSD was characterized by the presence of at least 3 of the following 5 symptoms: depression, panic attacks, phobias, intrusive thoughts, and recurrent anxiety. Tendency for BPD was assessed by detecting the presence of 4/7 following symptoms: depression, often feeling mis- understood, excessive anger, periods of prolonged sadness, often feeling betrayed, often feeling alone or lonely, and splitting. As expected, tendencies toward both syndromes were observed significantly more among the abused partici- pants of both genders based on Pearson Chi-Square (PTSD: 2(1, n = 349) = 23.75, p = .000, odds ratio: 3.7, CI 95%: 2.1—6.4; BPD: 2(1, n = 349) = 28.19, p = .000, odds ratio: 4.4, CI 95%: 2.5—7.8). Tendency for PTSD was increased by abuse in the females (2(1, n = 349) = 22.53, p = .000, odds ratio: 5.5, CI 95%: 2.6—11.4), but not in the males. However, tendency for BPD was elevated in all abused participants, female (2(1, n = 349) = 21.97, p = .000, odds ratio: 6.4, CI 95%: 2.8—14.8) and male (2(1, n = 349) = 7.63, p = .006, odds ratio: 3, CI 95%: 1.3—6.7). Consistent with other findings,the relationship was stronger in the female sample.
Figure 1 The percent of the psychological symptoms marked by non-abused and abused males and females.
In this study, relationship of childhood abuse with adult atyp- ical sexual acts or fantasies and with symptoms of PTSD and BPD was explored. A distinct gender difference in the impact of the abuse was detected, consistent with some previous research (Abrams, 2016; Abrams and Stefan, 2012). In accor- dance with our hypotheses, childhood abuse in this study was related to the increase in atypical sexual fantasies or behav- iors, primarily in the males, and with the increase of BPD and PTSD symptoms in both genders, but more pronounced in the females.
Results of this study confirmed the expectations regard- ing moderating effect of gender on effect of abuse on sexuality — in fantasy and behavior. Specifically, the abused males reported having more atypical sexual desires (fan- tasies). Although results of Anova do not show interaction of gender and abuse, detailed analysis of the frequency of paraphilic and unusual fantasies shows that they tend to increase more in the abused men than in the abused women, with the exception of cuckolding, which increased simi- larly in both abused males and females. This is particularly interesting, as cuckolding is the rarest occurring fantasy. It could be hypothesized that this fantasy may stem from the complicated relationship toward sexuality, described by Vaillancourt-Morel et al. (2015). Significantly, the fantasy of participating (versus actual participation) in orgies, swing- ing, nudism, and especially cuckolding tend to be associated with sexual masochism (Abrams, 2016).
Atypical sexual tendencies were more often left in fan- tasy than brought to action. This influenced the lower number of significant effects, yet the general tendencies remained the same. These activities were more common in the males, as the non-abused males more often reported not having any of these experiences. The noteworthy result was the increased number of the females who reported being sexually assaulted in abused group. Since the question regarding the atypical acts was not limited to adulthood, it is possible that sexual assault in question was the very childhood abuse they have previously reported. However, in some participants this could be the consequence of lifestyle and risky sexual behaviors influenced by early-life abuse (Norman et al., 2012).
The relationship between psychopathological symptoms and syndromes and abuse was more pronounced, with all symptoms and syndromes being more common in those abused in childhood. Furthermore, there was an interaction between abuse and gender — the abused females experi- enced a greater number of different psychological symptoms than the abused males.
According to the results, childhood abuse is likely to be related to distinct consequences in adulthood, both in sexuality and psychological well-being. However, it appears that gender moderates these outcomes. Interest in atypical sexual experiences is higher in the male sample, with practi- cally no association in the women. This is also in accordance with the fact that male sexuality seems to show more plas- ticity in response to developmental disturbances (Bowlby, 1969; Chivers et al., 2004; Harlow and Harlow, 1962). When it comes to emotional or personality symptoms, both abused men and women were affected; however, the effects were stronger in the female sample, which is in accordance with previous studies (Rind et al., 1998).
The current study supports the notion that early life abuse permeates different areas of adult functioning, yet males and females face somewhat different consequences. Further studies should address the question whether these outcomes differ in relationship to the type of abuse, its severity and duration, as well as the relationship between the abuser and the victim. Moreover, while the occurrence of atypical sexual interests was higher in the abused sample, the fact that there were no meaningful increases in atypical sexual acts requires more study. Further research should focus on exploring the sexual function of people abused in childhood, and whether they experience heightened distress from their atypical sexuality.
The authors declare that they have no competing interest.
This study was funded by Psychology for NJ, LLC, a clinical research corporation that found the study to meet all of its ethical guidelines. Authors report no financial or other conflicts of interest.
All procedures performed in studies involving human par- ticipants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.
Informed consent was obtained from all individual par- ticipants included in the study. All participants were cautioned about the content of the study, had the right to withdraw at any time, and were offered consultations with a licensed psychologist at any point in the process. The study was conducted anonymously.
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Berthelot N, Godbout N, Hébert M, Goulet M, Bergeron S. Prevalenceand correlates of childhood sexual abuse in adults consulting forsexual problems. J Sex Marital Ther 2014;40(5):434—43.
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Chivers ML, Rieger G, Latty E, Bailey JM. A sex difference in thespecificity of sexual arousal. Psychol Sci 2004;15(11):736—44.
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Dr. Lidia Abrams
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Pierre Le Gall (né le  à Hanoï, en Indochine) est un photographe français, lauréat du prix Niépce en 1972.

Biographie

Depuis 1968, Pierre Le Gall a enseigné le français à Dieppe et la philosophie à Rouen, Barentin et dans un lycée de Bretagne, tout en pratiquant la photographie, sa véritable passion. Celui que ses amis Michel Tournier et Robert Doisneau surnommaient l'homme invisible, a toujours su se faire discret pour saisir des petits moments de la vie quotidienne, qu'il a rassemblés dans des livres (une trentaine publiés à ce jour), dans lesquels il transmet avec humour et tendresse, les émotions ressenties au hasard de ses rencontres.

En 1972, à peine âgé de 24 ans, il a obtenu le prestigieux prix Niépce. En 1976, il obtient le grand prix d'auteurs de la Fédération nationale des sociétés photographiques de France.

Il collabore régulièrement au magazine national Réponses Photo.

Publications
 73-08, l'armée au quotidien, Éditions Federop, 1975
 Le Havre, Éditions Rolland, 1977
 Dieppe sur Mer, Éditions la Vigie, Dieppe, 1978
 Saint-Wandrille : Le Monastère au Quotidien, Dieppe, 1979
Dresser - Mazeline L'usine au quotidien ; Dieppe ; 1979. Format online, non paginé.
 Rouen, 1981
 Rouen sur scène, Rouen, L'Armitière, 1988
 Des Marseillais, Éditions Jeanne Laffitte, Marseille, 1988
 Du Havre (II), Éditions La Galerne, Le Havre, 1993
 Des Parisiennes, Éditions Alternatives, Paris
 Les Français. 1 : images de la simplicité, Éditions Alternatives, Paris, 1995
 Les Européens : passerelles et correspondances, Éditions Alternatives, Paris, 1996
 Instant de chiens, Éditions Alternatives, Paris, 1996
 Le Cœur du mammouth, Éditions Alternatives, Paris, 1999
 Suite bretonne, eus an douar, eus ar mor, eus kêr, Éditions Guy Naouëc, 2000
 Ma petite Bretagne, Éditions Guy Naouëc, 2000
 Quel temps fait-il au Caplan ?, Éditions Guimaëc, 2001
 Des Bretons et la mer, Éditions Guy Naouëc, 2001
 Le Chant des quais, Éditions Guy Naouëc, 2003
 Des Parisiennes II, Éditions Syros la Découverte, 2003
 Vive la Bretagne, Éditions Guy Naouëc, 2004
 Histoires d'en France, Éditions Alternatives, Paris, 2007
 Gens d'ici, gens d'ailleurs, Éditions Alternatives, Paris, 2009
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Notes et références

Liens externes

Podcast
 Pierre Le Gall, photographe, par Gaël Gueguen, France-Bleue Finistère, , 46 min.

Naissance à Hanoï
Photographe français du XXe siècle
Photographe français du XXIe siècle
Lauréat du prix Niépce
Naissance en juillet 1948

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


The 12-bout lineup for "UFC Fight Night: Edgar vs. Swanson" has been finalized.
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A critical featherweight shootout between Frankie Edgar (pictured) and Cub Swanson headlines the gig. It can be argued that the winner should get next dibs at the 145-pound crown, but they'll probably have to leapfrog Conor McGregor for that spot.
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Fox Sports 1 will broadcast the main card live starting at 10PM ET/7PM PT.


Vice President Joe Biden and top lawmakers are beginning their quest to tame the spiraling U.S. debt with small steps aimed at finding what common ground might exist in vastly different approaches toward restructuring government spending.
Biden and a bipartisan team of congressional negotiators were to meet Thursday at Blair House, the government guesthouse across the street from the White House.
With a deficit that could reach $1.6 trillion this year, both sides set modest expectations. But they said the meeting offers a chance to identify even small spending cuts that can build toward a broader agreement.
"There will be no announcement after that meeting that a deal has been reached, because this is a process," White House spokesman Jay Carney said.
Neither side seems to have any preconceptions that the talks would lead to a far-reaching restructuring of major benefit programs like Medicare or Medicaid or to an overhaul that makes the tax system simpler but yields more revenue.
The talks come as Congress begins to consider raising the debt ceiling above its current $14.3 trillion limit. Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner has effectively taken some pressure off the talks by informing Congress this week that the government could continue to meet its obligations through Aug. 2.
Still, all sides — the White House and Democrats and Republicans in Congress — agree that spending cuts need to be approved in conjunction with must-pass legislation increasing the government's ability to borrow to pay its bills. Treasury said Wednesday that the government is borrowing an average of $125 billion a month.
The meeting will unfold with Obama enjoying a new boost in public approval following the killing of Osama bin Laden by U.S. commandos in Pakistan. But government spending and the condition of the economy were the dominant public issues before Sunday's assault on the al-Qaida leader and will return to the forefront in time.
The meeting is designed to have all sides place their plans on the table, narrow the focus to areas of common ground and begin setting up a framework for discussions. Republicans will come bearing a detailed House budget proposal that aims to cut spending by more than $5 trillion over the next decade. Biden will flesh out a broad budget proposal that President Barack Obama outlined last month that would reduce deficits by $4 trillion over 12 years.
"We staked out our position in a very definite way. They haven't," said House Majority Leader Eric Cantor of Virginia, who will represent House Republicans. "So we need to understand where they're coming from."
In addition to Biden, the administration will be represented by Geithner, White House budget director Jacob Lew and Gene Sperling, the director of the White House National Economic Council.
"We're at an important point here where Republicans and Democrats alike share, recognize the problem — that's important," Carney said. "They share the same end goal, which is $4 trillion in deficit reduction. And they share the same general idea of what the timeline should be, 10 to 12 years."
But Obama's plan calls for about $1 trillion in higher tax revenues, a nonstarter with House Republicans. At the same time, a GOP plan to slash Medicaid and turn Medicare into a program in which future beneficiaries receive subsidies to purchase private health insurance is dead with the White House and Democrats.
Six lawmakers planned to attend: Cantor; Senate GOP Whip Jon Kyl of Arizona; Senate Appropriations Committee Chairman Daniel Inouye, D-Hawaii; Finance Committee Chairman Max Baucus, D-Mont.; and senior House Democrats Jim Clyburn of South Carolina and Chris Van Hollen of Maryland.
Some Republicans hope to attach legislation sponsored by Sens. Bob Corker, R-Tenn., and Claire McCaskill, D-Mo., to the so-called debt limit bill. Their proposal would cap spending at about 21 percent of the size of the economy, backed up by automatic spending cuts if Congress is unable to enact legislation that brings spending in under the cap.
The White House strongly opposes the idea, saying it would force drastic, across-the-board cuts to Social Security, Medicare and Medicaid while doing nothing to force lawmakers to clean out a tax code laden with tax breaks.
"Arbitrary spending caps are nothing but a backdoor means of imposing immediate and deep cuts in Medicare and Social Security," said Kenneth Baer, spokesman for the White House budget office.
Cantor wouldn't dismiss the idea, but he said Republicans want something concrete immediately.
"All that is fine, but the history of Congress has been that anytime you put enforcement mechanisms in place like that, ultimately they're waived," he said. "We're about trying to effect real cuts, real reforms this year."


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Home » The Italian digital tax: some brief reflexions
The Italian digital tax: some brief reflexions
by Alessio Persiani
The Italian government has recently announced plans to introduce in our legal system a digital tax, namely a tax on non-resident companies operating in the digital economy sector and carrying on an economic activity in the Italian market through communication technologies.
The proposal should be put in the wider scenario of the ongoing international debate on this topic. Reference is made, in particular, to the analysis currently underway with the OECD, where the tax challenges posed by the digital economy constitute one of the crucial points of the larger project aimed at preventing the erosion of the taxable base at an international level and the shifting of profits in jurisdictions with more favorable tax regimes [1].
According to information available as of today, the Italian government, after having initially expressed the intention to wait for the results of the OECD analysis, seems now willing to proceed autonomously, introducing ad hoc tax measures for the enterprises of the digital economy in the Italian legal system.
Based on the information currently available, the provisions of the Italian digital tax – to be included in the 2016 Budget Law the government is currently drafting and to be applied as from year 2017 – should be largely shaped after the contents of the bill recently proposed in the House of Deputies by MPs Quintarelli and Sottanelli and named "Rules on the prevention of online tax avoidance".
The main content of this bill is represented by an amendment to the definition of permanent establishment provided for by Article 162 of the Income Tax Act (Testo Unico delle Imposte sui Redditi, hereinafter TUIR) [2]. In this respect, it is useful to remember that the existence of a permanent establishment constitutes the minimum requirement to levy Italian corporate income tax on the Italian-sourced income of a non-resident company. According to the Quintarelli-Sottanelli bill, an Italian permanent establishment should be considered existent in any case (regardless, therefore, of the circumstance that the requirements of the "traditional" notion of permanent establishment are not met) "if a non-resident company has a continuous presence of online activities, for a period not shorter than six months, so as to generate in the same period payment flows directed to it […] for an amount not lower than five million Euro".
In addition, and in order to induce the non-resident company to spontaneously declare the existence of an Italian permanent establishment, the bill provides for a 25 per cent withholding tax on payments directed to non-resident companies for goods and services purchased online, requesting Italian financial intermediaries to act as withholding agents. Such withholding tax – and this clearly sheds light on the intention of inducing the non-resident companies to declare the existence of an Italian permanent establishment – does not apply if and insofar as such non-resident companies have an Italian permanent establishment pursuant to Art. 162 TUIR.
This is not the place for an in-depth analysis of the bill, given that the final version of the provisions of the Italian digital tax may well be different, even significantly. Anyhow, it seems appropriate to highlight certain doubts that the Quintarelli-Sottanelli proposal raises; doubts related, in particular, to the relationship between domestic tax provisions and provisions included in the double tax conventions Italy concluded with the other countries of the international community. In this respect, it is worth remembering that, on the basis of the well-established case law and major scholars' approach, the provisions included in double tax conventions take precedence over domestic rules conflicting with them on the basis of the lex specialis principle. As the notion of permanent establishment is provided – not only under the aforementioned Article 162 TUIR – but also under all double tax conventions concluded by Italy, an amendment of that notion limited to the domestic provision will likely prove to be ineffective, since the more favorable (for the taxpayers) notion provided for by double tax conventions will prevail over the new Art. 162 TUIR by virtue of the aforementioned lex specialis principle. In other words, the "new" and wider concept of permanent establishment of Art. 162 TUIR will be relevant in a very limited number of cases, id est for the taxation of the Italian-sourced income of foreign companies resident in countries which have not concluded a double tax convention with Italy [3].
By the same token, also the provisions of the final withholding tax of 25 per cent on payments directed to foreign companies for goods and services purchased online raise doubts on their compliance with the provisions of double tax conventions. If – as it seems preferable on the basis of a number of arguments related to the Italian income tax system considered as a whole – the income the non-resident entity derives from its Italian economic activities qualifies as business income, it is taxable in Italy only if and to the extent that an Italian permanent establishment exists. However, and by definition, an Italian permanent establishment is absent in this case [4]. Moreover, even accepting the qualification of such income as "other income", it seems that the referred withholding tax does not comply with the distributive rules provided under double tax conventions, as Article 21 of the OECD Model Convention – which the double tax conventions concluded by Italy are shaped after – attributes taxing rights on "other income" exclusively to the state of residence of the recipient.
In light of this, if Italy actually intends to levy tax on the Italian-sourced income of the enterprises of the digital economy through an enlargement of the territorial scope of its income tax (id est, through a widened notion of permanent establishment) it would be appropriate to pursue this approach in the context of the BEPS project currently underway at OECD level. Only this way can result in the simultaneous change of the provisions dealing with the notion of permanent establishment included in all the double tax conventions concluded by Italy [5] and, therefore, in the adoption of a tax measure really affecting the non-resident companies operating in the digital economy.
[1] Reference is to the "Base Erosion and Profit Shifting" (BEPS) project, as formalized in the OECD document "Addressing Base Erosion and Profit Shifting", Paris, 2013. The first step of such a large project ("Addressing the Tax Challenges of the Digital Economy ") is constituted by the analysis of the distinctive features of the companies operating in the digital economy and the identification of the most suitable instruments for levying taxes on those enterprises in the various states in which they operate.
[2] Approved by Presidential Decree December 22, 1986, n. 917.
[3] As mentioned in the text we are dealing with a very limited number of cases, id est those countries Italy qualifies as "tax havens" and which has not concluded a double tax convention with. None of the larger companies (so called big players) of the digital economy (Google, Facebook, Apple, Amazon) would fall in such cases, since they are tax resident in states that have entered into a double tax convention with Italy (e.g., Ireland, Luxembourg, Netherlands).
[4] As mentioned, the withholding tax is provided in order to induce non-resident companies to spontaneously declare the existence of a permanent establishment in Italy and it does not apply in case such an Italian permanent establishment exists. Therefore, and by definition, the withholding tax apply if and insofar as a permanent establishment is absent.
[5] The technical solution to achieve such a result could be constituted by the conclusion of a multilateral treaty among all OECD countries intended to amend the provisions on permanent establishment contained in all the bilateral double tax treaties these countries have signed among them.
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text:
Softball NL Provincial Team Eligibility Policy
This policy outlines the process of Softball Newfoundland and Labrador (Softball NL) for determining representation on Provincial All Star teams.
1. Softball Newfoundland and Labrador Board of Directors:
Softball NL shall determine how the province will be best represented at Eastern Canadian and National Championships each year. Softball NL will also decide whether or not it is appropriate to send multiple teams from a division (where permitted by Softball Canada). Softball NL reserve the authority to decline sending teams in any division whereby suitable representation from the Province is not possible.
2. Head Coach:
The head coach shall be a member in good standing with Softball NL. Unless otherwise determined by the Board of Directors, the process for appointment to any head coaching position shall be:
i. Softball NL Coaching Committee will advertise the head coach position for the particular team;
ii. Softball NL Coaching Committee will make a recommendation to the Softball NL Board of Directors an individual to be appointed as head coach (note: Softball NL Board of Directors reserve the right to re-advertise any position if a suitable candidate is not found);
iii. Where a suitable candidate does not apply the Softball NL Board of Directors may solicit suitable candidates to fill such coaching positions.
The appointed head coach for an Softball NL Provincial All Star team must remain in contact with the Coaching Committee and provide regular updates on the progress of the team.
The head coach must prepare the following in advance of tryout process:
i. List of coaching staff members and name of team manager to be approved by Softball NL Coaching Committee/Board of Directors. All team staff members (including team manager) must be members in good standing with Softball NL and hold the appropriate level of NCCP coach certification for the age group and level of competition as determined by Softball NL /Softball Canada. Softball NL Board of Directors reserve the right to refuse the involvement of any individual deemed inappropriate to fill a role within the Provincial program;
ii. Certificate of Conduct and Vulnerable Sector documents of all team staff members and team manager (Softball NL Minor All Star teams);
iii. Seasonal plan for team and player development;
iv. Timeline for tryout and team selection notice;
v. Team budget and financial plan;
The head coach must ensure that all athletes trying out for the Softball NL Provincial All Star team (minor – adult) meet eligibility requirements including,
i. are members in good standing with Softball NL; and
ii. meet the age requirements for the category for which they wish to participate. Note: athletes must try out within their own age category to be eligible.
The head coach must immediately inform Softball NL in writing the names of ineligible athletes who attend try outs or have expressed an interest in trying out but do not meet either/both of these criteria. Athletes determined by the Softball NL Board of Directors to be ineligible are not permitted to have involvement with any (Softball NL) Provincial All Star team.
Final roster selections (including pickups, where applicable) must be approved by Softball NL Director responsible (Minor or Adult) and/or Softball NL President.
Within 30 days of the conclusion of the team's competitive season, the head coach must provide Softball NL Coaching Committee/Board of Directors with a financial statement of revenue and expenditures. NOTE: any funds remaining after all expenses have been covered must be placed in trust with Softball NL. It is not permissible to distribute remaining fundraised money to athletes, parents, coaches, or other individuals once all legitimate expenses have been paid.
3. Athletes:
A. Athletes must be members in good standing with Softball NL to be eligible to attend try outs for any Softball NL Provincial All Star team (minor – adult).
B. Athletes must try out within their own age category for the Softball NL Provincial All Star team. Exception: an athlete is identified and invited to try out by the head coach of an elite level Provincial All Star program. In this case, the head coach of the elite program would have the option to:
i. retain the athlete to compete at the higher age category;
ii. recommend the athlete play at their own age category to further skill
development; or
iii. recommend athlete play at both age categories if he/she would benefit
and if feasible.
C. Athletes selected to represent the Province as a member of any Softball NL Provincial All Star team must commit to the goals of the program as determined by the head coach and act in a manner that not only supports team success but also individual skill development and performance. This shall include (not limited to):
• regular attendance of team training, competition, and other important team
functions;
• meeting financial obligations for training, competition, and travel;
• conducting behavior in a manner that supports the entire team and act as an ambassador for Softball NL at all times;
• accountability for all other team obligations and personal actions in relation to the team.
D. Where a Softball NL Provincial All Star team has chosen to enter an invitational tournament or other competition that is also open to other club teams, athletes must play with the Softball NL All Star team unless otherwise approved by Softball NL. If an athlete chooses to not play with the all Softball NL Provincial All Star team he/she will forfeit their roster position on the all star team for the remainder of the season.
• NOTE: The coach/manager of the club team does not have the right to prevent the individual athlete from participating as a member of the Softball NL sanctioned All Star team or to penalize in any way a player who is unavailable to the club team due to All Star commitments.
E. To be eligible to try out for a Provincial Developmental team, an athlete must:
i. Be a member in good standing with Softball NL; and
ii. Have previously tried out unsuccessfully for the Provincial All Star team in his/her age category.
NOTE: In the event that an athlete does not meet the above noted criteria (E) and still wishes to try out for the Provincial Developmental team he/she may make written representation including all relevant information to Softball NL to consider.
F. Athletes shall have the right to refuse trying out or playing at own age level, but once an athlete has declined to try out or has rejected an offer to play at own age level for any reason he/she shall not be eligible to participate with any other Softball NL Provincial All Star teams during that season.
i. The coach/manager of club or other Softball NL All Star team does not have the right of refusal on behalf of the player/athlete;
ii. Where applicable to the team selection process, tryouts will be advertised on the Softball NL official website (www.softballnl.ca) and through a variety of other print and electronic media so that all eligible athletes have the opportunity to be informed. An athlete will not be excused because he/she claims they "did not know" about tryouts within their age group;
iii. Any coach/ manager/athlete not following the above outlined process for Softball NL Provincial All Star team participation may be subject to disciplinary action through Softball NL;
iv. Any athlete may appeal the above process to the Softball NL Director responsible (Minor or Adult) if he/she can show reasonable evidence that an exception should be made in the individual athletes situation. No other coach or manager may appeal on the behalf of the athlete.


text:
Q: Can I create a child process using WMI VB scripting? Using WMI VB scripting, I would like to create/attach multiple child processes to a parent process, such as the explorer process.
When an app is started by clicking on it, it becomes a child process of the explorer process. The same is true for all apps that are loaded when Windows starts up.
If you kill the explorer process using the "End Process Tree" context menu option in the task manager, it kills all child processes of the explorer process as well (a quick, brute force way to clean up memory without restarting).
I have two scripts - one that kills a bunch of specific processes, and another that restarts those processes.
Most of the processes/apps in my scripts are loaded at start-up thus they are children of the explorer process. When I kill the explorer process tree, all these process die, as explained earlier.
When I restart these apps using a script, they are no longer children of the explorer process. When I kill the kill the explorer process tree, the apps started by the script do not die.
Now, I know I can kill each process individually using a script. But it would be nice to just kill the explorer processes tree in a script without having to specify the individual apps I want to kill.
So, if I have one script that can start my apps as children of the explorer process, my other script just has to kill the explorer processes tree.
I have a script that does just that. It loops through and kills all the child processes of the explorer process. However it only works on apps that load at start up or are are clicked on.
Also, by preventing these apps from loading at start-up, Windows loads MUCH faster. Later, I click on my script icon to load my apps when needed.
That's why I want to create a script that can start apps as children of the explorer process.
An interesting side note: I have to postpone killing any command/console processes, otherwise the script may kill itself before getting the rest of the processes.
Any ideas how this can be done?
Below is my code that fails.
Option Explicit
dim wmi, rootProcessName, rootProcess, objStartup, objConfig, objProcess, strComputer, dropbox, itunes, skype
strComputer = "."

dropbox="C:\Program Files\Dropbox\Dropbox.exe"
itunes="C:\Program Files\iTunes\iTunes.exe"
skype="C:\Program Files\Skype\Phone\Skype.exe"

Const NORMAL = 32
Set wmi = GetObject("winmgmts:\\" & strComputer & "\root\cimv2")
Set objStartup =  wmi.Get("Win32_ProcessStartup")
Set objConfig = objStartup.SpawnInstance_
objConfig.PriorityClass = NORMAL

rootProcessName = "'explorer.exe'"
set rootProcess = wmi.ExecQuery("Select * from Win32_Process Where Name = " & rootProcessName )
For Each objProcess in rootProcess
    objProcess.Create dropbox, null, objConfig
    objProcess.Create itunes, null, objConfig
    objProcess.Create skype, null, objConfig
Next

WScript.Quit

A: A window's process keeps track of the Process ID of who created it, this is how the relationships are being managed. To get what you want, you either have to change the parent PID stored in the child process, or inject code into the process you want to be the parent and have it create the new child process. Neither of these are really doable.
The real solution is to use Job Objects, that way you can terminate all the processes which are associated with the job all at the same time. But you would have to migrate out of vbscript.

A: The use of JobObjects as proposed by @josh poley is standard practice for grouping processes, but does not work when a process is launched as a DCOM service.
Launching applications from VBScript has a serious downside when it comes to tracking the processes of things instantiated through CreateObject: Depending on what kind of object it is, the application's process may not become a child of the invoking process. Instead, it will start up under an svchost.exe process.
Say we're working in C/C++ and we want to launch Excel from a VB script. In C/C++ we might do the following:

*

*Call CreateJobObject()

*Create a suspended process that is to invoke the .VBS script

*Add the created process to the job with AssignProcessToJobObject()

*Call ResumeThread() to start the suspended process

Given the above, here's roughly what happens:

*

*The created process, P, starts running as a member of job, J.

*P launches the VBS file with script host, H (cscript or wscript.exe)

*H runs as a child of P, as expected

*H executes CreateObject("Excel.Application") starting Excel as a service

*Hence, Excel becomes a child of a service host process, not P

*This process (svchost.exe -k DcomLaunch) groups DLLs for DCOM execution

*The scripting complete, H terminates

*E continues on, but P has lost all trace of it

Line 4 is the culprit. Excel is run as a service, because registry entries indicate that it is a DCOM object. A way around this, is to create a shell object, and run the application through that.
dim shell = wscript.createObject("wscript.shell")
shell.run(<path-to-application>\excel.exe)

The downside is that the path to the application must be known.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Africa selected
South Sudan 'to complete shutdown' of oil production
https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-16769935
Image caption South Sudanese President Salva Kiir held talks with his Sudanese counterpart in Ethiopia on Friday
South Sudan says it will complete the shutdown of its oil production on Saturday, after attempts to resolve a dispute with Sudan failed.
The presidents of both countries held talks in the Ethiopian capital, Addis Ababa, but were not able to sign a deal.
South Sudan seceded from Sudan in July, and uses its northern neighbour's infrastructure to export its oil.
The two countries disagree about how much this should cost.
Oil transit fees are a big part of Sudan's budget. The country lost most of its oil producing areas when the south became independent.
It accuses South Sudan of not paying its fees, and has started seizing oil in lieu of those fees.
'Stealing'
Reuters reports - citing industry sources - that Sudan has already sold at least one cargo of crude oil seized from South Sudan at a discount of millions of dollars, and is offering more.
South Sudan accused Sudan of "stealing" its oil and announced last week it would halt production.
Stopping oil production takes away South Sudan's main source of income, but the BBC's Sudan correspondent, James Copnall, says the world's newest country is showing no sign of backing down in what is being called the "oil war".
The president of Sudan, Omar al-Bashir, and his South Sudanese counterpart, Salva Kiir, have been holding talks in Addis Ababa, brokered by the leaders of Djibouti, Ethiopia, Kenya and Somalia. They have failed to reach an agreement.
South Sudan's lead negotiator at the talks, Pagan Amum, said the shutdown was nearly complete and would be finished on Saturday.
"The day after would be finishing the cleaning and the flushing of the facilities so that they are preserved," he said.
Correspondents say the row over oil has created the greatest crisis between the two countries since South Sudan became independent, and has stoked fears of a return to war.
Sudan: Birth of a nation
Government of South Sudan
Sudan government
World Sections


Excluding option packages, the 2019 Honda Accord has a factory listed Low MSRP of $23,720 and a High MSRP of $35,950. Nationwide, in-stock dealer inventory ranges from a Low Sticker Price of $20,799 and a High Sticker Price of $39,730.
On average when all rebates, incentives, dealer discounts, or employee pricing is applied people are paying far below factory invoice on the 2019 Honda Accord.
LX $23,720 $21,710 $????? $?????
Sport $26,180 $23,954 $????? $?????
EX $27,620 $25,267 $????? $?????
EX-L $30,120 $27,547 $????? $?????
Touring $35,950 $32,865 $????? $?????


text:
Chelsea, Manchester United, News
PL Interest Confirmed In Elegant 21-Year-Old Chelsea And Man Utd Target
Former Stuttgart manager Thomas Schneider has revealed that there is significant Premier League interest in the German club's elegant young defender, Antonio Rudiger, as reported by the Daily Express.
He admitted that during his time at the helm of the Bundesliga side, he had to deal with interest from England for his star player.
The German international has been consistently linked with a move to the likes of Chelsea and Manchester United, and it seems as though those links have turned out to be reality.
He said: "Toni is a player of incredible potential. He is a great force and is strikingly fast too."Even if he does things wrong from time to time, a player like Jerome Boateng did too when he was the same age.
"I am convinced that Toni is one of the talents that will go to the very top. There were many enquiries from top Premier League clubs when I was manager of Stuttgart.
"But for Toni, it's most important to get regular first team football. He needs to add more consistency to his game and needs to have more stability."
Man Utd are 10/1 to win the Premier League with William Hill – go here to bet
It is not just Premier League sides who are said to hold an interest in Rudiger, however, with Monaco believed to have failed with a bid for the player during the summer.
Furthermore, Italian giants Juventus are also thought to be scouting the star, meaning that there is significant competition brewing for his signature in the future.
Man Utd could definitely do with a signing to bolster their defence in January.
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text:
Q: Angular unit testing Unhandled promise rejection: ObjectUnsubscribedError: object unsubscribed while testing code facing Unhandled promise rejection: ObjectUnsubscribedError: object unsubscribed.
how can I solve this error?


text:
1714: Volcano Types
(Redirected from 1714)
Comic #1714 (August 1, 2016)
Volcano Types
Title text: It's hard living somewhere with antlions, because every time you find one of their traps, you feel compelled to spend all day constructing a tiny model of Jabba's sail barge next to it.
This comic presents a table of 12 different types of volcano. Split into 3 rows, the first 4 are authentic types of volcano; while the remaining 8 are parodies, one not even trying to represent a volcano but shows a real animal in its inverted trap cone.
Volcanoes have featured in many xkcd comics, most prominently in the left part of the world (the Lord of the Rings section) of 1608: Hoverboard. This comic's volcano looks like it could soon turn into a Somma volcano.
Real volcanoes[edit]
Cinder cone: small, steep-sided volcano formed of scoria and ash.
Shield volcano: wide, rounded volcano formed of solidified lava flow.
Stratovolcano: large volcano formed of layers (strata) from multiple eruptions.
Somma volcano: new volcanic cone in the middle of an old collapsed volcanic crater.
Joke volcanoes[edit]
Metasomma volcano: nested layers of somma volcanos i.e. a whole set of new volcanoes (three in this situation) formed inside of old ones. "Meta" is a prefix that often denotes recursion. (Although this is a joke volcano, metasomma volcanoes do actually exist in real life, with one example being the Krakatoa group in Indonesia.)
Waffle cone: type of pastry that ice cream is served in, related to volcano cones only insofar as they are the same shape, but typically the waffle cones are turned the other way up to keep the ice cream inside[citation needed]. If the tip of the waffle cone is not filled with solid chocolate or similar, then the contents may very well melt and run out the bottom like the smoke coming out at the very tip of the Waffle cone volcano.
Science fair cone: common elementary science experiment that is often used as a project for science fairs. A structure is built to resemble a model volcano and is filled with a mix of baking soda, vinegar, and sometimes food coloring. The reaction between baking soda and vinegar quickly produces a large amount of carbon dioxide, creating a foam that overflows and mimics a volcanic eruption. In this picture, there are people running away from the volcano that are much smaller than it. This is likely a reference to 1611: Baking Soda and Vinegar, either the scale-model people on the first volcano, or real people running from the baking soda supervolcano (in this case two Cueball-like guys and Megan).
Doot cone: This may likely be a reference to the meme of the skull-trumpet where the trumpet playing skull produces the sound Doot as a large part of the meme. Doot is also a fart sound; a doot cone could be just ejecting farts instead of lava.
There has been some discussion about if this is likely, with someone referencing the DOT cones, traffic cones approved by DOT or the Department of transportation in the US.
Also there have been mention of Dot-com coming close to Doot cone. The Dot-com bubble could be said to burst, just like this volcano bursts/erupts.
Antlion: An antlion is the larva of an insect known as the lacewing, and is commonly called a doodlebug. These insects dig pits in the sand to use as traps; when a bug comes along and falls in, the sand collapses and falls on the bug, making it very difficult to escape. The antlion then eats the unsuspecting prey. Maybe a reference to Formica Leo, a small volcanic crater in the Reunion island named after the antlion. Also, a recurring boss villain in the video game Final Fantasy series. Also appears in the Moomin (1990) TV series as a literal black lion.
Inverse Volcano: as the name implies, a regular volcano but reversed. A real volcano consists of solid rock on the outside, magma on the inside and spewing lava from the top.
Ghost Vent: cone with ghosts coming out of it.
Pedant's Bane: the joke is that people sometimes confuse magma and lava, which are different names for the same heated liquid rock. Magma becomes lava when it emerges from a volcano. The Pedant's Bane volcano is therefore impossible by definition, but if it were possible, then a pedant would have met his bane (i.e. his downfall), because when he corrected someone's description of this volcano, the pedant would actually be wrong. Alternatively, the illustration itself could be Pedant's Bane because a pedant would be lured into pointing out how wrong it is. This is a direct reference to the pedant in 1405: Meteor.
The title text refers to a famous scene in Star Wars: Episode VI - Return of the Jedi where Jabba the Hutt intends to feed Luke Skywalker to the sarlacc, an underground creature that builds a huge funnel trap similar to that of an antlion. Jabba's distinctive sail barge features prominently in that scene, and when Randall comes upon an antlion he can't help himself starting to build a scale model next to the antlion's inverted cone. Given how small antlions are, this will be very difficult to do, see for instance 878: Model Rail.
[Twelve drawings in four rows of different "volcano" types, the first four real, and some not even volcanoes of any sort, real or fake. Below each panel is a caption with the name of the drawn volcano. Some of the volcanoes have labels or sound written inside the panel. Each of the volcanoes has a baseline for the ground going straight a short distance over the bottom of each panel. All 11 volcanoes lie on top of this line, but some show the inside of the volcano going further into the ground.]
[Standard cone shaped volcano, with straight sides sloping up to a triangular shape, but with the tip of the cone cut off to form the central jagged edged crater. White smoke rises straight up and then drifts to the left forming three separate clouds.]
[Flat rounded shaped volcano, as a part of a circle. There is not a real crater visible but from the center a thin plume of smoke rises up, drift drifts to the left and forms a small white cloud.]
Shield Volcano
[This is the largest volcano. The tip of this volcano is similar to the first volcano, but with more uneven slopes and a bit smaller. The tip is clearly separated from the bottom section by a thin jagged line, and below the sides of the volcano decreases their slope, so they are less steep than the tip. Black smoke rises straight up from the crater and then drifts to the left in four thin lines.]
Stratovolcano
[A wide volcano spans the entire panel, with a large central crater, with a bottom baseline far above the ground level. Just left of the middle of this crater is a standard smaller volcano cone, very similar to the shape of the tip in the previous panel. Even the smoke from this cones small crater is similar to the previous panels.]
Somma Volcano
[The central part of this volcano is the same shape as the previous panel. This could be a zoom out, revealing that the large crater, is at the center on an even larger crater, which again is at the center of a crater that spans the panel. A plume of black smoke rises from the centeral cones crater, and drifts left as five white clouds.]
Metasomma Volcano
[A perfect cone-shape, triangular and steep, with checkered ice cone waffle texture, even with a line indicating where the waffle has been a folded. It looks like a road up the volcano. Black smoke drift up from the sharp tip, no crater, and drifts left forming a small cloud separated from the rest of the smoke lines.]
Waffle Cone
[Standard cone as in the first, but zoomed in so it fills the panel from left to right. The volcano's top has been cut much further down leaving a wide crater from which lava is pouring down the sides in large rivers of different width and length. To the left one long river has almost reached the ground. Cueball is running down the left side, and Megan is running after another Cueball with his arms up on the right side. There is a label with an arrow pointing to the lava:]
Label: Baking soda and vinegar
Science Fair Cone
[Standard cone like the previous, but with more jagged sloped and crater. This volcano erupts with a large explosion with fire and smoke coming out in all directions above the crater. A large sound is written above the explosion:]
Sound. Doooooot
Doot Cone
[This is not a volcano, but the inverse, a cone down into the ground, the ground level no above the center of the panel. The slope down into this cone hole is straight, the ground above is more jagged. At the bottom of the hole sits a small animal with six legs and an open mouth piece sticking up out of the hole. Its fat body is hidden under the ground along with its legs.]
Antlion
[Standard volcano cone like the previous volcano. It erupts and the central part shows how the erupting material comes up from below ground level (below the line at the bottom in which the cone it self stands). The erupting material is white rocks on black background. At the top several rocks is blown out of the crater top. The sides of the volcano is filled with blobs small and large, and stones rolling down the sides. There are two labels, each with two arrows. The first labels arrows points to the side of the volcano, the second labels arrows points to the erupting material inside and outside the volcano:]
First label: Lava
Second label: Solid rocks
Inverse Volcano
[Standard cone like the doot cone, with a crater that bends down in the middle. From this crater eight white ghosts with two black eyes are rising, like the smoke, drifting left. The highest ghost is just reaching the edge at the top left of the panel. The lowest ghost is still inside the crater with its wavy lower parts.]
Ghost Vent
[A standard cone like the doot cone. At the top there is lave over the outer edges, some of it running down the side. The inside of the volcano has been drawn like in the inverse volcano, so it is clear that the magma inside the volcano comes up from below ground level (below the line at the bottom in which the cone it self stands). There are two labels that contradicts the description above. The top label outside the volcano points to the lava with an arrow, and the bottom label inside the volcano points to the magma:]
Top label: Magma
Bottom label: Lava
Pedant's Bane
Actual antlions, not to be confused with the antlions from Half-Life 2. 173.245.52.62 15:08, 1 August 2016 (UTC)
I think pedant's bane actually has them labelled correctly. It's just that the picture is upside down and you've reversed the figure and the ground in your mind. Were it right-side-up, you'd see It's actually a drawing of a teeny pool of underground magma at the bottom of an antlion's trap, spouting up a fountain of lava. 199.27.133.107 (talk) (please sign your comments with ~~~~)
I can't tell if you're joking or not. A pedant is someone who cares (maybe too much) about being technically correct. The bane of a volcano pedant would be people who mix up lava and magma. This is why the labels are reversed in the figure. 173.245.52.62 16:27, 1 August 2016 (UTC)
Exactly. But what's the description going on about? "Pedant's Bane is therefore impossible by definition but if it were possible, then a pedant correcting someone's description of it would be wrong." What is all that rubbish supposed to mean? The explanation is not supposed to require explaining! If the terms refer to the same material but in different situations then they're wrong in the two situations illustrated, and thus should be corrected, especially by a pedant. Where does "impossible by definition" come into it? 198.41.238.32 22:57, 1 August 2016 (UTC)
Who here was hoping for Harry Potter???? [RedstoneIngot] 173.245.56.60 20:07, 1 August 2016 (UTC)
Made a very small change, but sarlacc is not supposed to be capitalized (checked both Wikipedia and Wookieepedia). Spaceside (talk) 23:02, 1 August 2016 (UTC)
The explanation of "Doot Cone" makes no sense. The "Skull trumpet" Know Your Meme page does not discuss the word "doot" at all, only shows it in some pictures. It doesn't seem to be a significant part of the meme, as it doesn't feature in the animation or its early variants. It just happens to be the first hit when you Google "doot." It makes just as much sense to assume that it's a play on "DOT cone," as in the orange cones used by the Department of Transportation (which are sometimes stenciled with "DOT.") 199.27.128.142 01:11, 2 August 2016 (UTC)
Re: Doot Cone
"Doot" is actually a significant part of the skull trumpet meme -- meant to represent the sound in the original skull trumpet video. It's strange the KYM page doesn't refer to "doot" specifically. See a relevant reddit thread: https://www.reddit.com/r/OutOfTheLoop/comments/39xnk2/what_is_this_doot_thing_with_the_skeletons/cs7jdsa
However, I'd agree that the evidence is not strong for the doot cone being a reference to this.
108.162.219.10 01:36, 2 August 2016 (UTC)
Before I read the explanation (and the KYM entry) in my imagination the sound was more like that of a foghorn or a ship's horn. I've never heard of that meme before. And even now I feel it hard to imagine a BIG volcano making the comparatively high pitched sound of a trumpet. Elektrizikekswerk (talk) 07:18, 2 August 2016 (UTC)
Whereas it's perfectly easy to imagine a waffle cone or an inverted volcano :-) 141.101.98.90 10:12, 3 August 2016 (UTC)
Exactly ;) Elektrizikekswerk (talk) 13:04, 3 August 2016 (UTC)
It would look out of place next to the profile drawings, but ☻ is Kilauea's Watchmen crater. .42 (talk) 12:14, 2 August 2016 (UTC)
For the ghost vent - is this actually a reference to the ghost generators in Gauntlet? Andrew Williams 141.101.104.100 (talk) (please sign your comments with ~~~~)
My first thought for the ghost vent was in Phillip Pullman's His Dark Materials, ghosts (souls?) in the underworld are let out of a vent to rejoin the universe as had originally been intended -- FantasiaWHT (talk) (please sign your comments with ~~~~)
Does the metasomma volcano remind anyone else of an HNMR spec?Killerbeez (talk) 21:39, 9 August 2016 (UTC)
Yep.  Probably six hydrogens SOMEWHERE near that volcano.  Calculus (User talk: Calculus)  12 December 2016
Honestly, I just thought that the "Doot Cone" was just supposed to be a stupid sound. 108.162.241.43 (talk) (please sign your comments with ~~~~)
It's common, at least in my area, for ice cream cones to be served upside down in cups. Randall lives in New England like me, so he'd have encountered this even if it's just local. Gmcgath (talk) 13:20, 28 October 2016 (UTC)
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Linear Day and Date: Thursday, July 18, 2019
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Geographer-At-Large
December 16th-December 23rd
Kcy's Disputed Likeness Collection#1 Debut at FLOR 12/16-12/23 2010
For Years, artist Eames Demetrios has been active as a Geographer-At-Large, exploring a parallel universe called Kcymaerxthaere. The name comes from the cognate words kcymaara (meaning "the true physicality of the planet") and xthaere (which is a shape with almost an infinity of edges or dimensions—infinity minus 29 to be precise). He honors aspects of this alternate world by installing bronze plaques and historical sites in our linear world—like a novel with every page in a different place. Currently, there are 74 plaque and historical sites in 13 linear countries with numerous new sites and developments in process now.
In February 2010, Demetrios first shared his stories of Kcymaerxthaere with the people of Penduka, a women's collective in Windhoek, Namibia. These skilled embroiderers, many from the San tradition, began rendering fragments of what Demetrios calls "disputed likenesses" of his stories. He returned in the Fall of 2010 to shares the stories again, discuss the work-to-date and fine tune the collaboration with the embroiderers--focusing on the imagery for three kcymaerxthaereal legends: Culev Larsze, Eliala Mei-Ning, and Kirguellin. Through physical samples and digital connection, the process continued, resulting in (literally) otherworldly embroidery panels.
Only 151 of each of story will be available as a limited edition. Each story panel is embroidered by hand by a member of the Penduka collective. The labels on the back give the provenance and edition number. When the edition is complete, Demetrios will continue to work with Penduka to create products inspired by this work as a regular source of income for their community. The bags showing the beloved creature known as the gnacien will be part of the original product series.
Thursday, December 16th 2010 6-9 p.m. (at 7p.m. Eames Demetrios reads from the embroideries). Drinks courtesy of Hendrick's Gin.
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In addition, the booklet discusses arrhythmias encountered in numerous scientific settings – early and past due after operation, and in congenital center affliction or cardiomyopathy – in addition to short review of using invasive EP stories, catheter ablation, pacemakers and defibrillators.
Whereas different books in this very important subject are aimed and adapted for the desires of specialists in pediatric cardiology, this booklet is perfect for pediatricians, pediatric intensivists, trainees in pediatrics, pediatric cardiology and pediatric in depth care, in addition to for scientific help employees all for the cardiac care of children.
A accomplished, technique-oriented advisor to stomach organ transplantation A Doody's middle identify for 2011! worthwhile to the pro and amateur transplant health care professional in addition to the multidisciplinary group that has a tendency to either the dwelling donor and the recipient of belly organs, residing Organ Donor Transplantation places the total self-discipline in point of view whereas guiding you step by step in the course of the commonest organ transplant surgical procedures.
Radiation Oncology: cause, approach, effects, via James D. Cox, MD and okay. Kian Ang, MD, PhD, offers you authoritative information at the most up-to-date tools for utilizing radiotherapy to regard sufferers with melanoma. Progressing from basic ideas via particular therapy recommendations for the cancers of every organ approach, it additionally addresses the consequences of radiation on basic constructions and the avoidance of issues.
Wisdom in regards to the etiology and prognosis in addition to remedy innovations of neu- oncologic illnesses is swiftly turning out to be. This turnover of data makes it dif? cult for the health care provider engaged within the remedy to take care of to this point with present cures. This publication units out to shut the space and pursues a number of leading edge ideas.
For greater than 25 years, the one EKG ebook You'll Ever want has lived as much as its identify as an easy-to-understand, sensible, and transparent reference for daily perform and scientific selection making. Dr. Thaler's skill to simplify advanced options makes this an incredible device for college kids, lecturers, and practitioners in any respect degrees who have to be efficient in realizing how one can learn an EKG.


How they describe themselves: Stash is a mobile-first investment platform that helps simplify investing through education and an intuitive user experience. Investors can customize their own portfolio starting with as little as $5, and receive ongoing guidance through the Stash App. Stash has simplified investing and is on a mission to empower a new generation of investors, giving everyone access to financial opportunity.
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The Future of Work Festival: Where next for global people?
The pandemic hastened the pace of change. Panellists and guests at the inspiring Future of Work Festival at Relocate Global's Kent HQ took a grounding breath of fresh air and set their sights on the horizon.
FOCUS: Career Development Programme
FOCUS Info Services is a non-profit organisation which has been working with Global Mobility and HR teams for 40 years.
Building trans-inclusive workplaces
A survey by recruitment website TotalJobs reveals more transgender employees are hiding their identities at work. What are the implications for duty of care in home and host countries?
International remote working: global mobility's leading edge?
International remote working is a growth area. As organisations adapt and work out what it means for them, Crown World Mobility's latest report looks at the impact on global mobility.
Think Global People Spring 2022 issue – Out Now!
Think Global People presents a new perspective on global leadership, talent mobility and education for life. In this issue, as employees return to the workplace, we share a wealth of knowledge addressing the new world of work.
School insights for parents around the world
Parents need as much information as possible to make decisions about the future and their children's education during the admissions cycle. We have produced a series of high impact webinars which answer questions on curriculum, admissions, early learning, learning differences, virtual schools and transition care, explains Fiona Murchie.
International remote working here to stay
KPMG International has released new insights on international remote-working practice as flexibility and hybrid working options become crucial to talent management and employee experience.
Government pay transparency pilot bid to close pay gaps
A new scheme announced by the Minister for Women, Baroness Stedman-Scott, on International Women's Day will see employers volunteer to publish salaries on all job adverts.
Who Cares? Crossing the gender divide with flexibility
One of the largest studies of its kind in recent years is calling on employers and policymakers to regard caring as the norm and adjust flexible working attitudes and arrangements accordingly.
Hong Kong visa applicants top 100,000
More than 100,000 Hong Kong residents applied to live, work and study in the UK last year under the British National (Overseas) visa route.
Boardroom balance tipping: women take 39.1% of FTSE 100 roles
The latest FTSE Women Leaders Review, which monitors women's representation in 24,000 positions on FTSE 350 Boards, is published today.
Break the Bias: International Women's Day 2022
International Women's Day 2022 is on Tuesday 8 March. It is an opportunity to act, improve opportunities and rebuild post-pandemic workplaces without bias for the benefit of everyone.
Comparing the US and UK education systems
Because English is the language of instruction in both the UK and the US education systems, it is widely assumed that the two systems are similar to each other. In reality, they are quite different.
Dual careers have long been reported as a barrier to global mobility. In 2021 the Permits Foundation – a lobbying body that seeks to improve work access for international assignees' partners – celebrated its 20th anniversary hosting an online conference representing host nations, employers, assignees and their partners.
A recent webinar hosted by Santa Fe Relocation set out the advantages and potential disadvantages of employees working in destinations other than their contractual employment location. Dr Sue Shortland reports.
Launch of Permits Foundation's International Dual Careers Survey 2021
Permits Foundation is delighted to announce the launch of our International Dual Careers Survey 2021
Think Global People Winter 2021-2022 issue – out now!
Our Winter issue is packed with insights as employers around the world support their people to move forward with focus into 2022. Read the articles below, or access the digital issue.
Demystifying international school admissions
Finding and applying to schools for your child on can be a daunting prospect. This informative webinar talks through the process. It empowers parents to ask the right questions for their family.
Cross-cultural families and Third Culture Kids today
Transitions care and developing rootedness in globally mobile families has never been more important. Fiona Murchie welcomed TCK author and expert Ruth Van Reken to our latest webinar to talk about why.
A new virtual world: The Lab School
Finding the right school for children with learning differences is a challenge for internationally mobile families. The Lab School's Global Division is bridging this important gap with great success.
The Great International Education and School's Fair returns!
Relocate Global's hugely popular Great International Education and Schools' Fair is back to complement the traditional start of the schools' admission cycle.
Legal victory over spousal delays for US visas
American immigration lawyers have welcomed "the historic settlement" with the Department of Homeland Security, which will ease the burden of foreign spouses wanting to join visa-holders in the US.
Virtual school: real results
The pandemic has opened up new avenues for accessing an excellent international education. Virtual schools are a realistic option, meeting the needs of a diverse range of learning needs.
International early-learning: a great start
Early Years education is an important introduction to education and an invaluable grounding for a flourishing future. For international families, the right pre-school also offers a ready-made community.
Education and schools guidance for parents' decision making
The Ascott rises to the global demand for hybrid working
Business travel and relocations are taking off again. We caught up with Billy Hughes, UK Area Manager – The Ascott Limited, to talk key trends and developments in the growing serviced apartment sector.
Mobility and purpose in the Age of Attrition
Management consultants McKinsey suggest that 40% of workers globally are looking to change jobs in the next 12 months. Ruth Holmes interviews Sarah Rozenthuler ahead of her Purpose workshop on 7 October.
Permits Foundation celebrates 20th anniversary in support of international dual careers
Permits Foundation is the only organisation that advocates specifically to enable direct work access for spouses and partners of mobile employees around the world. The Foundation celebrates its 20th anniversary this year and for the past two decades has helped to facilitate company talent mobility and improve the lives of dual career families internationally.
This year's Relocate awards offer a number of valuable lessons for all those involved managing people and global mobility. Dr Sue Shortland, head judge of the Relocate awards, reflects on some of the key lessons learned from the 2021 awards.


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Marks & Spencer Unveils Its Bigger & Better Flagship Store in Delhi
Marks & Spencer (M&S) has a real treat lined up for its customers in Delhi today, as it reopens its completely transformed flagship store at South Extension Bollywood actress Neha Dhupia joined Venu Nair, Managing Director of Marks and Spencer Reliance India, to celebrate the opening of the store. The newly extended 30,000 square feet store will provide customers with a bigger and better shopping experience – showcasing M&S's most extensive range of exceptional quality, confident styles across clothing and beauty in Delhi to date. The store also features the first Marks & Spencer Lingerie & Beauty department in New Delhi and follows the retailer's launch of its world-first department at M&S Hill Road in Bandra, Mumbai last month. The new concept is dedicated to bringing the very best of M&S's exceptional quality, stylish lingerie and edited beauty offer to customers. The move which will see M&S make up sold in Delhi for the first time is in line with M&S's strategy to capitalise on growth of the lingerie and beauty markets in India, Speaking from M&S South Extension, Neha Dhupia said: "I am delighted to be associated with the launch of the Marks & Spencer's bigger and better flagship store in New Delhi at South Extension. I've been an M&S customer for years and love the experience every time I shop at M&S. Marks & Spencer is a much-loved British brand and its latest winter collections make a strong style statement for the winter and party season ahead. It's great to have such a large and inspiring store at the heart of New Delhi and I'm sure shoppers will love it." Venu Nair, Managing Director of Marks & Spencer Reliance India, said: "Our newly extended flagship at South Extension offers us a special opportunity to bring the very best of Marks & Spencer to customers in Delhi – offering our customers a truly international shopping experience with exciting fashion displays and our widest range of quality, stylish clothing and beauty products in the city. As we continue to build a leadership position in India, creating an inspirational flagship store, such as South Extension and our recently opened Mumbai flagship in Bandra, complements our supporting stores in these cities and across the country."
Exceptional Quality, Stylish Fashions M&S South Extension has been designed to inspire and delight customers, with exciting visual displays to complement M&S's most extensive range of exceptional quality, stylish fashions in India. The revamped store will offer customers the latest winter collections across womenswear, lingerie, menswear and kidswear, as well as accessories and a special edit of beauty products.
Customers can choose from quality, timeless wardrobe staples such as winter coats, jackets and knitwear, as well as trend-led wearable fashion pieces including a luxurious Autograph leather & suede skirt, an elegant Limited Edition checked shift dress in wool and an animal print jumper from M&S Collection. The store's clothing collections will also feature a host of clever product innovations, for example Secret Support™ dresses that help customers drop a dress size with integrated shapewear, whilst Insolia™ technology in its footwear ranges improves comfort and stability.
Marks & Spencer Lingerie & Beauty The new M&S Lingerie & Beauty department features an inviting and inspiring store design, with a neutral colour palette and flattering lighting to complement the stylish lingerie and beauty collections. Customers will be able to shop the very best of M&S's exceptional quality, stylish lingerie, with M&S's extensive breath of lingerie styles, shapes and sizes setting its lingerie offer apart from the competition The new department will also include a dedicated beauty offer which combines the best of nature and science. For the first time, M&S will sell its quality make up ranges in Delhi. M&S's aim is to make beauty buying simple, fuss-free and enjoyable with no hard sell.
The newly revamped flagship store is in line with Marks & Spencer's strategy unveiled in November 2013. M&S is focussing on building a leadership position in India including in cities such as New Delhi and Mumbai by opening a cluster of supporting stores around its flagship store locations such as its new stores in South Extension and Bandra, Mumbai.
Since M&S formed its joint venture partnership with Reliance Retail in 2008, the retailer has built a solid platform to accelerate its growth in India. Since April 2013, M&S has already opened eight stores in India including doubling its presence in Mumbai and entering the cities of Kochi, Vadodara and Surat for the first time. M&S now has 37 stores in India, trading from a total of over 500,000 square feet As part of the retailer's plans take its business in India to the next level, M&S will open a further seven stores by the end of March 2014, followed by a further 36 stores in the next two years.
Jyoti Sachdev Lyer to Launch Her Latest Collection Twirls and Twists
A collection of designs filled with subtle shades and elegant patterns. Bea
DLF Emporio Hosts the 7th Edition of BMW India Bridal Fashion Week
The seventh edition of BMW India Bridal Fashion Week is slated to start fro
Actress Bhagyashree Praises Rohit Verma's Collections
Bollywood celebrities always strut their best on any occasion. Most actress
Lakme Fashion Week Winter/Festive 2015 Introduces 4 Fresh Faces To The Fraternity
Lakmé Fashion Week continues to celebrate its 15th year of prominence. For
Lisa Ray in Lucknow for Rado Event
The gorgeous Lisa Ray was spotted in Lucknow for a Rado event, one of the b
Shahrukh Khan and Salman Khan to Clash!
Aamir Khan Breaks Salman Khan's Record with 'Dhoom 3'


Answer 1 of 2: Hi- in the past i have packed aerosol sunscreen in my checked baggage and never gave it a second thought. Today I was going to buy aerosol sunscreen from an online store for an upcoming trip and received the message below stating that it could...... Tips To Help Your Toddler Sleep On A Plane. Settling a younger baby to sleep on a plane, is definitely made easier with airplane bassinets, but settling an older, more wilful toddler can be 'interesting'.
30/07/2009 · As for your dog tags, I travel a lot and sometimes forget to take of my watch. When I remember I make sure that my wrist is in the middle of the metal detector.... Don`t worry most airlines will allow you to bring the cat right in the cabin with you. Of course you need to keep it caged but this isn`t something you should be worried about unless you are scared to fly in general :) Depending on your cat`s size you should be able to put him in a carrier in the overhead compartment.
2/03/2013 · Next month im going on a trip to California, im bringing my carry on luggage on the plane. Im thinking about packing my sunscreen in my luggage in a clear zip lock bag.... 9/05/2011 · The one bag limit per traveler limits the total amount each traveler can bring. Consolidating the bottles into one bag and X-raying them separately from the carry-on bag enables security officers to quickly clear the items.
The "larger reasonable amounts" does not pertain to sunscreen or bug spray. They are talking about necessary liquids like breast milk/formula for babies, liquid medical prescriptions, etc.
2/12/2013 · Hi Everyone, 15 hours long flight from Hong Kong to Los Angeles, California. As some of you requested a video on what to bring on the airplane to keep skin hydrate and beauty.


1. Think of 3 images/stories that describe God's love or grace.
2. When and how have you received this love?
3. How do you love God? Be practical and emotional!
- Sundays 4th and 11th November will be Gift Days to help meet our financial gap as a church. Please bring gifts for the offering basket, or take a Giving Leaflet to find out how to set up a standing order. Thank you.
- For Remembrance Sunday, 11th November, we invite members of both services to join together for the Act of Remembrance at 10.45-11.05am. The rest of the morning will run as normal.
- House of Faith Course will be running for 4 weeks, mainly for those not currently in a Life Group. At the church, 7pm on Mondays 19th & 26th Nov & 3rd & 10th December. Please speak to Hannah or Steve for more info.
- Our Charity Shop is arranging a Christmas Party for local elderly residents on 1st December. To help with this, or find out more, speak to Carole C.
As they have their birthdays this month, we pray for and celebrate with: Edward Potter, Lorna Russell, Sue Mace, Emrys & Hillary, Stephen Foot, Giselaine Mefo & Cynthia Arden.
- Bonfire Night, Monday 5th November at 7.30-9pm at Canley Community Centre (car parking area). Campfire-style bonfire where children can have BBQ/toasted marshmallows and hotdogs.
- Gospel Street, Wednesday 7th November at 7.30pm at Warwick Road URC, CV1 1EX. Riding Lights Theatre performance. Book on 76 220299.
- Prayer Breakfast, Wednesday 14th November at 7.30am at St James.
- The Big Quiz Night, Saturday 17th November at 6pm at Walsgrave Baptist Church, CV2 2EX. Raising money for Tearfund. See Hannah for tickets.
- New Wine Network Celebration Evening, Tuesday 20th November at 7.30pm at St James. Ian Parkinson will be speaking. Worship, message, prayer. All Coventry churches welcome.
- PCC Meeting, Wednesday 21st November at 7.30pm at St James.
- Emmaus Concert, Saturday 24th November at 6pm at St James.
- Quiet Morning, Saturday 1st December at 10am at St James.
- Advent Adventure, Sunday 2nd December at 4pm at St James.
- Co-op Orchestra Concert, Saturday 8th December at St James. See Hannah for tickets. Proceeds for Global Care. Fantastic festive fundraiser!
Lord, thank you that each of us is a part of Your family! Help us to grasp what that truly means for our lives. Thank you that Your Spirit dwells in us. Help us to understand what it means to be rooted and established in Your love; your unsurpassable, inexplicable, all-encompassing love! Amen.


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Is Trump's Tax Plan Crafted For His Personal Benefit?
Donald Trump has announced the brief outlines of his tax plan, which he plans to push through Congress and sign into law by December. But the plan appears crafted to benefit him and his wealthy buddies. On today's show we'll speak with Morris Pearl, chair of the group Patriotic Millionaires, about the tax plan. Then, the national retailer Target recently announced a wage increase for its workers, to go up to $15 an hour by the year 2020. We'll speak with a leader from Fight for 15 about what the wage rise means. Finally author Tamara Draut will discuss the success of the Fight for 15 campaign and her new book Sleeping Giant, How the New Working Class Will Transform America. Hosted by Sonali Kolhatkar.


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Does Cyprus use miles or km?
Does Cyprus use miles?
Is driving in Cyprus same as UK?
Does Canada use mph?
Can I use my UK driving Licence in Cyprus?
Can you drive around Cyprus in a day?
Is Cyprus driving Licence valid in UK?
Does Australia Use mph?
How many minutes does it take to travel a mile?
All speed limits in Cyprus are posted in Kilometers per hour (Kph) Approx.
Driving is the easiest way to get around Cyprus. Road conditions are good and distances are short. The distance from Nicosia to Paphos is only 160 km (100 miles).
In Cyprus, they drive on the left-hand side of the road like in the UK and overtake on the right. Wearing of seat belts is compulsory for front and rear seat occupants. … Eating and drinking whilst driving is prohibited. The maximum legal level of alcohol in the blood is 0.049 per cent.
In most provinces and territories, statutory speed limits are 50 km/h (31 mph) in urban areas, 80 km/h (50 mph) in rural areas. … The highest speed limit in Canada is found on British Columbia's Coquihalla Highway with a speed limit of 120 km/h (75 mph).
Cyprus. You can exchange your licence without taking a test. You must exchange your UK licence within 6 months of becoming a resident in Cyprus. If you became resident in Cyprus before 31 December 2020, you must exchange your licence by 7 July 2021.
IT IS INTERESTING: Which is hotter Greece or Cyprus?
You can drive all the way across Cyprus in just a few hours, so don't limit yourself to just one place! You can choose to drive between the cities and stay in a new town every few nights, or base yourself in one of the cities and explore the island in a series of day trips.
When visiting the UK, you will be able to drive on your Cyprus licence. It is currently the case that residents of Cyprus from third countries ( which now includes the UK) who have been resident in Cyprus for at least one hundred and eighty-five days must apply for a Cyprus driving licence.
In July 1974, Australia changed all its units of measurement to the metric system as part of a staged process of metrification. Because of this all the road speed signs and the legal speed limits had to be changed from miles per hour to kilometres per hour.
It takes 1/40th of an hour to travel a mile if you travel at 40 miles per hour. It takes 2 1/2 hours to travel 2.5 miles. It takes 3 1/2 minutes.
Frequent question: What do I need to get a Cypriot passport?
How much is taxi from Larnaca to Paphos?
Frequent question: How do I get title deeds in Cyprus?
How do you say welcome in Cypriot?
How much is GESY in Cyprus?
Your question: How much are calls to Cyprus?
Is Northern Cyprus A Good Investment?