manufacturing planning describes the extensive preparatory measures - technically and economically for manufacturing products. This work preparation means the immediate preparation and organisation of production, preparation, and installation of the final product. manufacturing planning is often referred to as work preparation, order preparation, or production control.
The collective term manufacturing planning includes all frequently occurring measures for the production of products, product parts, and complete assemblies. It thus creates and controls the conditions under which the entire production process follows.
This includes commissioning the production, supplying the required material, logistical, scheduling, and personnel planning and the subsequent storage and removal of the finished products. Mostly this work is done by using special software for manufacturing planning.
In industry, long-term planning of complete production and assembly systems in companies and building and factory planning are especially important working areas of manufacturing planning. manufacturing planning software is an indispensable tool for these complex work stages which include both technical, organisational, and economic aspects.
Strategists, architects, and other employees use sophisticated manufacturing planning software to consistently and comprehensively plan and illustrate production processes and operations. The required resources, costs, and materials can thus be identified early on.
manufacturing planning is also an integral part of logistics to plan comprehensive transport processes in advance and to take into account all the necessary costs, times, and professionals. The timing is especially very important here.
The timely and interlocking logistical processes such as deliveries, transport routes, and shipments to railway stations, airports, and container ports can be organised accurately with this software. Production flow from ordering to the assembly to delivery and the related material flow analysis are also components of this type of virtual planning.
Which areas of responsibility does the preparation work include?
Generally work preparation includes all preparatory measures for the production of a product in the company.
All measures that occur once and long-term planning of the entire production system in the company are included in work planning. Work planning thus includes key elements such as the selection of appropriate production processes, an optimised material flow, detailed cost planning, and suitable design of PRTs.
In practice, the amount of work preparation can vary widely depending on the company. In the area of customised work, planning activities play a much greater role than in the production of series products. In this area, process planning is the decisive factor. The main task is the development, establishment, and continuous optimisation of existing processes.
What tasks can manufacturing planning take on in the areas of industry and logistics?
manufacturing planning takes on important tasks in both industry and logistics. This begins with selecting the appropriate production processes and extends over the planning of material costs and localities to the organisation of the means of production. The acquisition of necessary machinery and technology and programming such as for the CNC controller can be calculated to the smallest detail by means of manufacturing planning software.
This is followed by the preparation of work plans, i.e. planning processes, timing, and the personnel appointed. Capacity planning, shop floor control, and material planning are also important components of the initial planning stages.
What advantages does manufacturing planning include?
Versatile and sophisticated manufacturing planning software is critical for consistent and correct organisation of processes. With this program, all factors of production can be considered in advance, such as personnel expenses, the material, required production and working hours, management, costs, and logistical processes.
Furthermore, planners and architects can use it to design and simulate various scenarios in order to make comparisons, e.g. - financial, time or process-dependent - and play through any emergency scenarios. This means damage and additional costs can be avoided to a great extent and alternative solutions are determined.
What are the limits of manufacturing planning within industry and logistics?
Production control supports the production immensely, but cannot consider all factors. Your limits are in a final process model, because many components can be considered only vaguely. Emergencies such as technical problems or personnel strikes (short-term) or market-based changes (medium-term) can always only be approximate components.
Comprehensive and realistic planning data should therefore always be used. Personal experience and a good basis for research are also ways to reduce limitations of the software and keep deviations low.
The great advantage of manufacturing planning using software is the ability to get to the point of complex processes and clearly outline them. Other departments, locations, and contacts, such as accounting, management, marketing, logistics, etc. can thus quickly and easily view and understand production processes and their requirements.
Many physical variables in this complex picture are also involved, whether timing, temperatures, volume, dimensions, speeds, or consumption levels. manufacturing planning plays an especially important role in terms of energy management and sustainability.
How is manufacturing planning done with software from tarakos?
The software from Tarakos meets the demands and requirements of planners and strategists. With this program, all processes can be displayed clearly and dynamically with all dimensions, values, optimisations, and proportions.
Many different representations are also prepared for production planners, whether pure text and tables, or drawings, photos, graphics, and videos. Furthermore, processes and models can be demonstrated in the form of vivid 2D or 3D animations.


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A fraudster has paid back £1.7m to police - but now owes an extra £2m in interest
Fraudster Martin Evans who was recaptured after going on the run from a 21-year jail sentence has only paid back £1.7m of a £4.8m confiscation order
David Ottewell
Robin Turner
Martin Roydon Evans and swindled 87 investors out of £900,000 and was jailed for 15 months at Swansea Crown Court
A Welsh fraudster turned international drug dealer and money launderer has only paid back £1.7m of a £4.8m confiscation order imposed on him a decade ago.
Martin Roydon Evans, 54, of Pontarddulais, Swansea, a former Welsh Young Businessman of the Year, began life as a double glazing salesman then set up a bogus ostrich farm in Swansea, promising big returns for investors through meat and egg sales, which never happened.
He swindled 87 investors out of £900,000 and was jailed for 15 months in 1994.
Later, he was unmasked as the leader of an organised crime group supplying cocaine, MDMA and ecstasy between 1999 and 2001.
He was given a 24-year jail sentence, later reduced to 21 years, and hit with a confiscation order of £4.8m.
Read more: Ostrich scammer turned drug trafficker captured in South Africa after three years on the run
On the run after being released on licence
At his Swansea Crown Court trial, the court heard how Evans owned property in Swansea, a £2m villa in Marbella and had bank accounts in Latvia, Antigua, Switzerland, Dominica and the UK.
Evans went on the run after being released on temporary licence to a Swansea address in August 2011.
The National Crime Agency listed him on their most wanted list, warning that Evans used the aliases Martin Wayne Evans, Anthony Hall and Paul Kelly.
He was captured in South Africa in 2014, extradited to the UK and returned to jail.
More: Watch the moment ostrich farm fraudster Martin Evans arrived back in the UK after he was extradited from South Africa
Now it has emerged his confiscation order went unpaid for so long that as of November 2015 - the latest figure available - he owed a total of £5,317,153, including interest accrued. More than the original order, according to details on the National Crime Agency website.
Only £1,767,053 of the original £4.8m was ever paid, while more than £2m interest has accrued since a deadline for payment passed in 2008.
When a confiscation order is set, the judge imposes a "default term".
This is an amount of time that the prisoner will serve, consecutively to their original sentence, if they fail to pay up by the deadline.
In Evans' case, the term was eight years.
Evans had been on trial at Swansea Crown Court
What is a confiscation order?
A prisoner is eligible for early release after serving half their default term.
The default term is also reduced in direct proportion to the amount of the money owed that is paid back.
The confiscation order, however, remains active and the money is still owed.
Evans' case is one of 14 across England and Wales where confiscation orders of more than £1m remain totally or partially unpaid as of November 2015.
Figures show the 14 men owed a total of £44.5m, including interest, on orders made between November 2006 and September 2011.
The largest unpaid confiscation order was levied on Khalid Mahmood Malik, who was convicted of drug trafficking at Leeds Crown Court in December 2005.
He was given a 25-year sentence and ordered to pay £10,508,650 by December 2010.
Only £1,863,035 was paid as of November 2015 – leaving an outstanding bill of £12,313,268 including interest.
More: Locked up - the 'silent man' , violent attacker and Jammie Dodger thieves jailed in Wales last week
No payment
One person is listed as having paid nothing at all of his confiscation order.
That is Robert Dimmock - also known as 'SAS Bob' - previously of Hull.
He was jailed for 48 months for money laundering in 2006, and ordered to pay back £4,929,334 by January 2009. None of that was paid as of November 2015.
Another man - Wattie Soutter, previously of Rotherhithe in London - was convicted of drug trafficking in 2009 and sentenced to 114 months.
He is listed as having paid back exactly £815 of a confiscation order of £2,353,655.
Swansea Crown Court
UK NewsThe astonishing amount of plastic in period productsIn the UK, the average woman is thought to use more than 11,000 disposable menstrual products in a lifetime
UK NewsNurse who qualified just days earlier uses CPR to save OAP's life at family partyCarys Latchford, 21, had just arrived at a Boxing Day party when pensioner Harry Lewis suffered a heart attack
UK News'Jealous, controlling monster' headbutted fiancée of 22 years after their engagement partyAlan Green was jailed for 18 months as the judge called him a 'jealous, violent and controlling individual'
Food & DrinkMcDonald's customers can get a McChicken Sandwich for 99p todayFast-food chain McDonald's is giving out McChicken Sandwiches for just 99p today. The offer is part of the restaurant's app promotion

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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More Soccer
Hope Solo's assault charges dismissed | CBC Sports Loaded
Hope Solo's assault charges dismissed
A judge near Seattle on Tuesday dismissed domestic violence assault charges against soccer superstar Hope Solo, a week before the case was set for trial.
U.S. goalie did not attend hearing
The Associated Press · Posted: Jan 13, 2015 6:17 PM EST | Last Updated: January 14, 2015
U.S. soccer star goalie Hope Solo had domestic assault charges dropped against her by a judge in Seattle Tuesday. (John Bazemore/The Associated Press)
Solo, a goalie for the U.S. women's national soccer team and the Seattle Reign professional club, had been charged with two misdemeanor counts of fourth-degree assault stemming from an altercation with her half-sister and 17-year-old nephew at a party in June.
Kirkland Municipal Court Judge Michael Lambo dismissed the charges on Tuesday, KING-TV reported. Solo did not appear at Tuesday's hearing. The judge had agreed to let her attend a training camp.
"Today's decision brings closure to what has been one of the most difficult and emotionally draining times of my life," Solo said in a statement, which she posted on Facebook and received 275 primarily supportive comments in the first 55 minutes.
"I always had faith that once the facts of the case were presented, I would be cleared of all charges and I am so happy and relieved to finally have it all behind me."
Charges should not have been filed: Maybrown
Solo's lawyer, Todd Maybrown, sought to have the charges dismissed on the grounds that the alleged victims refused to answer questions about the case.
Maybrown said after the court hearing that the charges never should have been filed in the first place, the Seattle Times reported.
"We are gratified that, after considering all of the facts and circumstances of this case, the judge has dismissed all charges against Hope Stevens (Solo)," Maybrown said in a statement. "From the beginning, I've stated that Hope was the victim of an assault in this case. With a careful review of the facts surrounding these matters, it is clear that Hope never should have faced charges in the first place."
"Hope is very happy and relieved that she can now put this matter behind her. She looks forward to focusing her energies on the game she loves."
At a hearing last week, the judge renewed an order for a deposition after Solo's nephew and half-sister failed to appear for interviews.
Prosecutors had said the pair didn't appear because they weren't served with subpoenas and there wasn't adequate time to notify them, given the New Year's Day holiday.
In court documents, Solo said she was defending herself against her nephew, who is 6-foot-9 and weighs 280 pounds. She claims she was hit over the head with a broom handle. Solo's relatives have claimed she attacked first.
The 33-year-old has won two Olympic gold medals with the U.S. women's national team.
Hope Solo gets January domestic violence trial date
Hope Solo was victim in domestic dispute: lawyer
Hope Solo arrested on domestic violence charge


Meet Chris Coleman, writer of the 50th anniversary issue of Insect Man created by owner and founder of the pop-culture store That's Entertainment, at the Fitchburg store on Saturday March 5th from noon till 2:00 PM.
Creator Andrew MacLean (Apocalyptigirl) appears at That's Entertainment in Fitchburg on Wednesday December 9th from 3:00 to 6:30 PM for a comic book signing event of HEAD LOPPER #2.
MacLean will be drawing free, small sketches of his Head Lopper character on purchased copies of the comic book and will sign free Head Lopper prints, available upon request. Fans of his work can also purchase original artwork and prints available at the artist's table. This event is intended for all members of the public thirteen and older.
Comic artist Jon Mills appears at That's Entertainment on Saturday November 28, 2015 from noon till 4:00 PM drawing one free sketch per a customer! He has worked for DC and Marvel comics on titles such as Superboy and Gen 13.
Also we will be having a free board game demo! Local game herald Joel Pettit will be here to demo New Dawn, the exciting new game from Stronghold games!
We will also have limited edition comics that will be avaliable for purchase a short time Saturday only!
Joe St. Pierre, veteran comic artist and writer, appears at That's Entertainment from 1:00 p.m. to 4:00 p.m on Saturday, June 13th to celebrate the release of issue #3 of his comic book, The New Zodiax.
Mr. St. Pierre will be signing copies of the new book and offering free sketches upon request. He will discuss his current work as well as his long experience in the comic industry. He will have copies of his comic book and prints of his artwork available for purchase. This event will be free of charge and open to the public. All ages are welcome to attend.
Joe St. Pierre has worked in the comic and design industry for over twenty years, for major publishers such as Valiant, Image, Marvel, and DC Comics. He has contributed his creative talent to well-known titles such as Spider-Man, Fantastic Four, Venom, Aquaman, Green Lantern and Superboy, as well as his own 1993 series, Secret Weapons. St. Pierre currently resides in Salem, MA, having moved there from New York three and a half years ago.


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Q: Spring Integration - @ServiceActivator with Poller I am working on annotation based Spring integration project.
I tried to write @ServiceActivator with a Poller but the problem is that the message polling happens for exactly 3 times and then stops. What could be the issue here?
Same polling works perfectly fine with @InboundChannelAdapter but just wondering why doesn't it work with ServiceActivator.
@ServiceActivator(inputChannel = "inputChannel", outputChannel = "outputChannel", poller = @Poller(fixedDelay = "5000"))

A: Typically this error happens when you hold a polling thread. You may have some gateway in the middle (somewhere downstream on that outputChannel) that expects some reply, but you don't send one. It's hard to say what is going on without more config from your application.
What is the whole flow after that outputChannel ?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Home Our Approach YouthBuild USA Mentoring
YouthBuild Mentoring
"To fulfill the YouthBuild mission, our students require mentors who can become beacons in their journey – people who our students can look up to as an example, or for advice in difficult times. We are so proud to be celebrating the very special role these mentors play in the lives of our opportunity youth."
— John Valverde, President and CEO of YouthBuild USA
YouthBuild Mentoring boosts academic achievement, assists with career exploration, enhances leadership development, and strengthens connections between YouthBuild students, their own families, communities, and community partners. Our mentors stick with their students while in YouthBuild and after the students have graduated from YouthBuild to ensure that each young person has caring support as he or she moves forward in life.
YouthBuild USA has developed and is implementing YouthBuild Mentoring (YBMentoring), an evidence-based youth mentoring model based on the Mentoring Elements of Effective Practice at YouthBuild programs across the country. Originally founded in 2009 with funds from the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP), YBMentoring has extended its reach to more than 100 local YouthBuild programs.
Our Mentoring Model
Our mentoring relationships enhance the outcomes of YouthBuild students by developing the personal growth and success they find in their YouthBuild programs and helping them transition into the next phase of their lives. YBMentoring helps boost academic achievement, assists with career exploration, enhances leadership development, and strengthens connections between YouthBuild students, their own families, communities, and community partners. Mentors stick with their students both during and after their time in YouthBuild USA programs to ensure that each young person has caring support as they move forward in life.
For more information, visit the YouthBuild Mentoring Community of Practice website.


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Why DOESN'T 'Kyle XY' have a bellybutton?
By Michael Slezak
Credit: Kyle XY: Andrew Eccles
Close your eyes and think of your most dreaded phobia. Now imagine if a major cable network decided to create a series by which even a quick glance at the lead character would conjure up said phobia, sending you down a spiral of throat-clenching, palm-sweating, head-spinning terror. Would you pull your favorite Iyanla Vanzant self-help book off the shelf, hoping to use the show as an opportunity to face (and possibly overcome) your darkest fears? Or would you crawl under the bed and turn into an emotional dust-bunny? That's the dilemma I'm facing tonight, when ABC Family premieres Kyle XY, a sort of John Doe-meets-Everwood drama in which in which the title character… does not… have… a bellybutton.
Let me back-track for a second. You see, ever since I was a young boy growing up in upstate New York, I've been completely, unnaturally navel-phobic. I don't like to hear folks talk about bellybuttons. I don't like to look at bellybuttons, or even at pictures of bellybuttons. (Clearly, I don't fancy a half-shirt.) Most of all, I really don't like anyone to look at, mention, acknowledge, or especially touch my bellybutton. Not even myself. I've never considered a career in national security because, honestly, if the safety of this country depended on my ability to keep some closely guarded secret, all it would take would be some evil dude with a pair of handcuffs and a strategically placed Q-Tip, and I'd be singing like a canary. (Note: This admission should not be taken as a signal to taunt me with bellybutton-in-peril anecdotes in the PopWatch comments section. Thank you.)
So anyway, back to Kyle XY (which EW's Thom Geier gives a B-.) This afternoon, I gathered my courage and went to the show's official website, where I was confronted by (gah! there it is!) Kyle's umbilicus-free abdomen; I also got drubbed by the ABC Family computer in a game called "The XY Challenge," mainly because Kyle's cells look like — you guessed it — blue and green navels. Anyway, people, I'm feeling very LeToya about how to plan my evening viewing schedule — that is, I'm "Torn."
So make the decision for me. To watch or not to watch Kyle XY? That's the question. I await your directions.
addCredit("Kyle XY: Andrew Eccles")


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Home » Croazia Leggi » Penal code abstract
Penal code abstract
(amended text)
[1. Criminal Code: The Official Gazette of the Republic of Croatia "Narodne novine"(hereinafter: NN) No. 110 of October 21, 1997 (entered into force on January 1, 1998).
2. Corrections to the Criminal Code: NN 27/98 of February 27, 1998.
3. Amendments and Supplements to the Criminal Code: NN 129/2000 of December 22, 2000.
4. Amendments to the Criminal Code: NN 51/2001 of June 6, 2001.
5. Amendments and Supplements to the Criminal Code: NN 111/2003 of July 15, 2003.]
CHAPTER NINE (ix)
THE MEANING OF THE TERMS USED IN THIS CODE
(16)A professional secret is information about the personal or family life of clients, entrusted to attorneys-at-law, defense counsels, notaries public, physicians, dentists, midwives or other health service personnel, psychologists, guardians, religious confessors and other persons when performing their respective professions.
CHAPTER ELEVEN (xi)
CRIMINAL OFFENCES AGAINST THE FREEDOMS
AND RIGHTS OF MAN AND CITIZEN
Violation of the Equality of Citizens
(1) Whoever denies and limits the freedoms or rights of man and citizen laid down in the Constitution, statutes or other legal provisions on the basis of a difference of race, color, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth, education, social status or other characteristics, affiliation to an ethnic or national community or minority in the Republic of Croatia, or whoever, on the basis of such a difference or affiliation, grants citizens any privileges or advantages, shall be punished by imprisonment for six months to five years.
(2) The same punishment as referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article shall be imposed on a person who denies or limits a member of an ethnic or national group or a minority the right to freely express his nationality or to enjoy his cultural autonomy.
Violation of the Freedom of Association
Whoever denies or limits citizens' freedom of association in political parties, trade unions or other legitimate associations for the protection of their interest or the advancement of their social, economic, political, national, cultural and other beliefs or objectives shall be punished by a fine or imprisonment for not more than one year.
Violation of the Freedom of Religion
(1) Whoever denies or limits the right to the freedom of religion, the rights to manifest publicly one's religion or other belief shall be punished by a fine or by imprisonment not exceeding one
(2) The same punishment as referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article shall be imposed on whoever denies the right of a religious community to operate in conformity with the law in a way similar to other religious communities in the Republic of Croatia, or who denies or deprives a religious community of the freedom to perform publicly religious services, to establish schools, educational institutions, social and charitable institutions and institutes and to manage them in conformity with the law.
Disclosure of Professional Secrets Without Authorization
(1) An attorney-at-law, defense counsel, notary public, physician, dentist, midwife or other health service employee, psychologist, guardian, religious confessor or other person who discloses a secret entrusted to him in the course of performing his profession shall be punished by a fine of up to one hundred and fifty daily incomes or by imprisonment not exceeding six months.
(2) There shall be no criminal offense referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article if the secret is disclosed in the public interest or in the interest of another person which prevails over the interest of keeping the secret.
(3) Criminal proceedings for the criminal offense referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article shall be instituted following a motion.
Extolling of Fascist, Nazi and Other Totalitarian States and Ideologies or Promoting of Racism and Xenophobia
Article 151a
(1) Whoever produces, sells, imports or exports through a computer network or in any other way makes available to the public promotional materials glorifying fascist, Nazi and other totalitarian states, organizations and ideologies which advocate, promote or incite to hatred, discrimination or violence against any individual or group on the basis of race, color, gender, sexual preference, national or ethnic origin, religion, political or other beliefs, or for such purposes possesses large quantities of these promotional materials, shall be punished by a fine or by imprisonment not exceeding one year.
(2) A criminal offense does not exist if the material referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article is prepared or made available to the public for research, artistic or scientific purposes or with the aim of reporting about present or past events.
(3) The objects and means referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article shall be confiscated.
CHAPTER THIRTEEN (xiii)
CRIMINAL OFFENSES AGAINST VALUES PROTECTED
BY INTERNATIONAL LAW
Whoever, with intent to destroy in whole or in part a national, ethnic, racial or religious group, orders the killing of members of such a group, or orders serious bodily injury to be inflicted on them, or orders the physical or mental health of the members of such a group to be impaired, or orders the forcible displacement of the population, or conditions of life to be inflicted on the group which are calculated to bring about its physical destruction in whole or in part, or orders measures to be imposed which are intended to prevent births within the group, or orders the forcible transfer of children of the group to another group, or whoever with the same intent commits any of the
foregoing acts, shall be punished by imprisonment for not less than ten years or by long-term imprisonment.
War Crimes Against the Civilian Population
(1) Whoever violates the rules of international law in time of war, armed conflict or occupation and orders an attack against the civilian population, settlements, individual civilians or those hors de combat resulting in death, severe bodily harm or serious damage to people's health, orders an indiscriminate attack harming the civilian population, orders the killing, torturing or inhuman treatment of civilians, orders civilians to be subjected to biological, medical or other scientific experiments, their tissues or organs taken for transplantation, orders civilians to be subjected to great suffering impairing the integrity of their bodies or health, or orders their resettlement, displacement or forceful loss of ethnic identity or conversion to another religion, orders rape, sexual oppression, forced prostitution, pregnancy or sterilization or other sexual abuse, orders measures of intimidation or terror, hostage taking, collective punishment, unlawful deportations to concentration camps or illegal detention, deprives people of the rights to a just and unbiased trial, forces them to serve in hostile armed forces or in the information services or administration of a hostile power, subjects them to forced labor, starvation, confiscates property or orders that the population's property be plundered or illegally and wantonly destroyed or its large-scale appropriation where there is no justification by military needs, or imposes illegal and disproportionately large contributions and requisitions, or decreases the value of the domestic currency or unlawfully issues it, or orders an attack against persons, equipment, materials, units or vehicles involved in humanitarian aid or a peace mission pursuant to the Charter of the United Nations, or orders that the rights and actions of the citizens of a hostile country be prohibited, suspended or pronounced unlawful in court proceedings, or injures personal dignity or orders civilians and other protected persons to be used to shield certain places, areas or military forces from military operations, or orders the recruitment of children under fifteen years of age for the national armed forces or their active participation in hostilities, or whoever commits any of the foregoing acts shall be punished by imprisonment for not less than five years or by long-term imprisonment.
(2) The same punishment as referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article shall be imposed on whoever violates the rules of international law in time of war, armed conflict or occupation by ordering an attack against objects protected by international law, against works or powerful installations such as dams, dykes and nuclear power plants, indiscriminate attacks against civilian objects protected by international law, against undefended places and demilitarized zones or orders an attack which results in an extensive and long-lasting damage to the environment and may impair the population's health or survival, or whoever commits any of the foregoing acts.
(3) Whoever, as an occupying power, violates the rules of international law, in time of war, armed conflict or occupation, orders or carries out the resettlement of parts of the civilian population of the occupying power to an occupied territory shall be punished by imprisonment for not less than five years.
War Crimes Against the Wounded and Sick
Whoever, in violation of the rules of international law, in time of war or armed conflict, orders the killing, torturing or inhuman treatment of the wounded, sick, shipwrecked persons or of medical or religious personnel, orders that they be subjected to biological and other scientific experiments, their tissues or organs taken for transplantation, orders civilians to be subjected to great suffering, impairing the integrity of their bodies or health or orders an illegal and wanton, large-scale destruction or appropriation of materials, medical vehicles or supplies of medical institutions or units when there is no justification by military needs or whoever commits any of the foregoing acts shall be punished by imprisonment for not less than five years or by long-term imprisonment.
Racial and Other Discrimination
(1) Whoever, on the basis of a difference in race, religion, political or other belief, property, birth, education, social position or other characteristics, or on the basis of gender, color, national or - ethnic origin, violates fundamental human rights and freedoms recognized by the international community shall be punished by imprisonment for six months to five years.
(2) The same punishment as referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article shall be inflicted on whoever persecutes organizations or individuals for promoting equality between people.
(3) Whoever publicly states or disseminates ideas on the superiority or subordination of one race, ethnic or religious community, gender, ethnicity or ideas on superiority or subordination on the basis of color for the purpose of spreading racial, religious, sexual, national and ethnic hatred or hatred based on color or for the purpose of disparagement shall be punished by imprisonment for three months to three years.
Aggravated Larceny
(1) A punishment of imprisonment for six months to ten years shall be inflicted on a perpetrator who commits a larceny (Article 216, paragraph 1):
1. by breaking in, entering by force or otherwise overcoming great obstacles in order to come to property within closed buildings, rooms, safes, wardrobes or other closed rooms or enclosed areas;
2. in a particularly dangerous or particularly brazen manner;
3. by taking advantage of conditions caused by a fire, flood, earthquake or another calamity;
4. by taking advantage of the helplessness or some other particularly difficult situation of another.
(2) The same punishment as referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article shall be inflicted on a perpetrator of the criminal offense of larceny (Article 216, paragraph 1):
1. if the stolen property is of great value and the perpetrator acts with an aim to appropriate the property of such value;
2. if the stolen property is used for religious purposes or if the property is stolen from a church or other building or room serving for the practice of religion;
3. if a piece of cultural heritage, or an object of scientific, artistic, historical or technical significance is stolen, or the stolen property is included in a public collection, a protected private collection, or is exhibited to the public.
(3) Imprisonment for six months to five years shall be inflicted on a perpetrator who commits a larceny (Article 216, paragraph 2) in the manner and under the circumstances referred to in paragraph 1 or paragraph2, points 2 or 3 of this Article.
(4) Imprisonment for one to eight years shall be inflicted on a perpetrator who commits a larceny (Article 216, paragraph 1) as a member of a group or if he has in his possession a weapon or dangerous instrument for the purpose of attack or defense.
Malicious Mischief
(1) Whoever damages, deforms, destroys or renders unusable another person's property shall be punished by a fine of up to one hundred and fifty daily incomes or by imprisonment not exceeding six months.
(2) Whoever damages, deforms, destroys or renders unusable another person's property which serves for religious purposes, a piece of cultural heritage, a specially protected natural resort, a piece of art or an object of scientific or technical significance which is located in a public collection, a protected private collection or is exhibited to the public, or an object which serves public needs or which embellishes squares, streets or parks shall be punished by a fine or imprisonment not exceeding one year.
(3) Criminal proceedings for the criminal offense referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article shall be instituted by a private charge unless the criminal offense referred to in paragraphs 1 and 2 of this Article is committed against a piece of protected cultural or natural heritage, or the damage caused is not of small value.
Failure to Report a Criminal Offense
(1) Whoever knows that a serious criminal offense, for which long-term imprisonment is prescribed by law, was committed and fails to report it, although he knows that by reporting it the discovery of the offense or the perpetrator would be made possible or considerably facilitated, shall be punished by a fine or by imprisonment not exceeding three years.
(2) The same punishment as referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article shall be inflicted on an official or responsible person who fails to report the perpetration of a criminal offense which comes to his knowledge in the discharge of his duty if, for such a criminal offense, criminal proceedings are not instituted by a private charge or following a motion.
(3) There shall be no criminal offense referred to in paragraphs 1 and 2 of this Article if it is committed by a person who lives in or out of wedlock with the person who has perpetrated the unreported criminal offense, or is to such a person a relative by blood in a direct line, a sibling, an adopter or adoptee, attorney-at-law, defense counsel, notary public, physician, dentist, midwife or other health provider, psychologist, guardian, religious confessor or if it is committed by another person in the performance of his profession.
(4) A physician, a dentist, midwife or other health provider, psychologist, notary public, guardian or an employee in an educational institution shall be punished for the criminal offense referred to in paragraphs 1 and 2 of this Article if it is committed against a child or a juvenile.
© G C


Congratulations, North Stonington, your new Wheeler Middle/High School that opened this week looks lovely. There is updated technology and more space. Our first-day photos depicted students, parents and administrators filled with enthusiasm.
To be honest, however, we would like this school to one day be looked back on as an anachronism, the way Connecticut used to do things when it still thought it could afford to indulge such parochialism.
The need to replace or overhaul the old schools was never in dispute. The discussion about building new schools for the small town began 13 years ago. Even back then the facilities were recognized as inadequate for modern educational needs and in poor condition.
Perhaps having new schools will persuade some young families to move into town in the coming years, maintaining school enrollments that would make this investment a bit more justifiable.
The new middle/high school will serve students in grades seven through 12. Next, the existing elementary school will be rebuilt as new.
We remain convinced, however, that it would have been more frugal to invest in a renovated elementary school and sign a deal to educate town high school students at the Stonington High School, which could have easily accommodated the student body of about 200. Stonington High opened in 2004.
Of course, if voters give the OK, North Stonington can spend its money building what it wants. But the thing is, Connecticut contributed about $17.5 million toward construction of the $38.5 million school building project. The state must start saying no to helping pay for schools, or other local projects for that matter, if sensible regional alternatives are available at significantly less cost.
If the state weren't kicking in 45 percent of the cost of a new school, would the mama lion have more seriously considered letting her high school cubs travel to the neighboring den in Stonington? Perhaps not, but for sure some elderly town lions might have voted differently.


text:
/******************************************************************************
 * The c2D Compiler Package
 * c2D version 1.00, May 24, 2015
 * http://reasoning.cs.ucla.edu/c2d
 ******************************************************************************/

#include "c2d.h"

//local
void print_help(const char* PACKAGE, int exit_value);
const char* c2d_version();

/******************************************************************************
 * c2D options (default values)
 ******************************************************************************/

#define VTREE_TYPE     'p';
#define VTREE_METHOD   0;
#define VTREE_COUNT    25;
#define INITIAL_UBFS   25;
#define FINAL_UBFS     25;
#define CACHE_CAPACITY 20000003;

#define IN_MEMORY    0;
#define CHECK_ENTAIL 0;
#define COUNT_MODELS 0;
#define COUNTER      0;

/******************************************************************************
 * c2d options
 ******************************************************************************/

c2dOptions* init_options() {
  c2dOptions* options = (c2dOptions*) malloc(sizeof(c2dOptions));

  options->cnf_filename       = NULL;
  options->vtree_in_filename  = NULL;
  options->vtree_out_filename = NULL;
  options->vtree_dot_filename = NULL;
  options->vtree_type         = VTREE_TYPE;
  options->vtree_method       = VTREE_METHOD;
  options->vtree_count        = VTREE_COUNT;
  options->initial_ubfs       = INITIAL_UBFS;
  options->final_ubfs         = FINAL_UBFS;
  options->cache_capacity     = CACHE_CAPACITY;
  options->in_memory          = IN_MEMORY;
  options->check_entail       = CHECK_ENTAIL;
  options->count_models       = COUNT_MODELS;
  options->model_counter      = COUNTER;
  options->help               = 0;
  return options;
}

c2dOptions* get_options(int argc, char** argv) {

  c2dOptions* options = init_options();
  while(1) {
    static struct option long_options[] = {
      {"cnf",            required_argument, 0, 'c'},
      {"vtree",          required_argument, 0, 'v'},
      {"vtree_out",      required_argument, 0, 'o'},
      {"vtree_dot",      required_argument, 0, 'd'},
      {"vtree_type",     required_argument, 0, 't'},
      {"vtree_method",   required_argument, 0, 'm'},
      {"vtree_count",    required_argument, 0, 'b'},
      {"initial_ubfs",   required_argument, 0, 'u'},
      {"final_ubfs",     required_argument, 0, 'f'},
      {"cache_capacity", required_argument, 0, 's'},
      {"in_memory",      no_argument,       0, 'i'},
      {"check_entail",   no_argument,       0, 'E'},
      {"count_models",   no_argument,       0, 'C'},
      {"model_counter",  no_argument,       0, 'W'},
      {"help",           no_argument,       0, 'h'},
      {0,                0,                 0,  0}
    };

    int index = 0;
    int argument = getopt_long(argc,argv,"c:v:o:d:t:m:b:u:f:s:iECWh",long_options,&index);
    if(argument==-1) break;

    switch(argument) {
      case 'c': options->cnf_filename       = optarg;        break;
      case 'v': options->vtree_in_filename  = optarg;        break;
      case 'o': options->vtree_out_filename = optarg;        break;
      case 'd': options->vtree_dot_filename = optarg;        break;
      case 't': options->vtree_type         = optarg[0];     break;
      case 'm': options->vtree_method       = atoi(optarg);  break;
      case 'b': options->vtree_count        = atoi(optarg);  break;
      case 'u': options->initial_ubfs       = atoi(optarg);  break;
      case 'f': options->final_ubfs         = atoi(optarg);  break;
      case 's': options->cache_capacity     = atoi(optarg);  break;
      case 'i': options->in_memory          = 1;             break;
      case 'E': options->check_entail       = 1;             break;
      case 'C': options->count_models       = 1;             break;
      case 'W': options->model_counter      = 1;             break;
      case 'h': options->help               = 1;             break;
      default:  print_help(C2D_PACKAGE,1);
    }
  }

  //if help is asked, print it and exit
  if(options->help) print_help(C2D_PACKAGE,0);

  //checking validity of options
  if(options->cnf_filename==NULL) {
    fprintf(stderr,"%s: must specify a CNF file\n",C2D_PACKAGE);
    print_help(C2D_PACKAGE,1);
  }
  if(options->vtree_type!='p' && options->vtree_type!='i') {
    fprintf(stderr,"%s: option -t must be 'p' or 'i'\n",C2D_PACKAGE);
    print_help(C2D_PACKAGE,1);
  }
  if(options->vtree_method < 0 || options->vtree_method > 3) {
    fprintf(stderr,"%s: option -m must be 0, 1, 2, or 3\n",C2D_PACKAGE);
    print_help(C2D_PACKAGE,1);
  }
  if(options->vtree_count < 1) {
    fprintf(stderr,"%s: option -b must be greater than 0\n",C2D_PACKAGE);
    print_help(C2D_PACKAGE,1);
  }
  if(options->initial_ubfs < 1 || options->initial_ubfs > 49) {
    fprintf(stderr,"%s: option -u must be between 1 and 49 (inclusive)\n",C2D_PACKAGE);
    print_help(C2D_PACKAGE,1);
  }
  if(options->final_ubfs < 1 || options->final_ubfs > 49) {
    fprintf(stderr,"%s: option -f must be between 1 and 49 (inclusive)\n",C2D_PACKAGE);
    print_help(C2D_PACKAGE,1);
  }
  if(options->initial_ubfs > options->final_ubfs) {
    fprintf(stderr,"%s: option -u must be less than or equal to option -f\n",C2D_PACKAGE);
    print_help(C2D_PACKAGE,1);
  }
  if(options->cache_capacity < 1) {
    fprintf(stderr,"%s: option -s must be greater than 0\n",C2D_PACKAGE);
    print_help(C2D_PACKAGE,1);
  }
  return options;
}

void print_help(const char* PACKAGE, int exit_value) {
  printf("%s: CNF to Decision-DNNF Compiler\n", PACKAGE);
  printf("%s\n",c2d_version());

  printf("%s [-c .] [-v .] [-o .] [-d .] [-t .] [-m .] [-b .] [-u .] [-f .] [-s .]   [-i] [-E] [-C] [-W] [-h]\n", PACKAGE);

  printf("  --cnf             -c FILE    set input CNF file\n");

  printf("  --vtree           -v FILE    set input  VTREE file\n");
  printf("  --vtree_out       -o FILE    set output VTREE file\n");
  printf("  --vtree_dot       -d FILE    set output VTREE (dot) file\n");

  printf("  --vtree_type      -t TYPE    set graph abstraction used in vtree construction\n");
  printf("                               p: primal graph (default)\n");
  printf("                               i: incidence graph\n");

  printf("  --vtree_method    -m METHOD  specify the method for constructing vtree\n");
  printf("                               0: hypergraph with random balance factor (default)\n");
  printf("                               1: hypergraph with fixed balance factor\n");
  printf("                               2: natural elimination order (1,2,...,n)\n");
  printf("                               3: reverse elimination order\n");

  printf("  --vtree_count     -b COUNT   set the number of vtrees to be generated with options -m 0 and -m 1 (default 25)\n");

  printf("  --initial_ubfs    -u FACTOR  set start balance factor when using option -m 1 (default 25, must be between 1 and 49, inclusive)\n");
  printf("  --final_ubfs      -f FACTOR  set end balance factor when using   option -m 1 (default 25, must be between 1 and 49, inclusive)\n");

  printf("  --cache_capacity  -s SIZE    set the hash table capacity for the vtree\n");

  printf("  --in_memory       -i         suppress the saving of compiled NNF to a file\n");
  printf("  --check_entail    -E         verify the compiled Decision-DNNF is correct by ensuring it is decomposable and also entails the input CNF\n");
  printf("  --count_models    -C         count the models of the input CNF after compiling it into a Decision-DNNF\n");
  printf("  --model_counter   -W         count the (weighted) models of the input CNF without compiling it into a Decision-DNNF\n");
  printf("  --help            -h         print this help and exit\n");
  exit(exit_value);
}

const char* c2d_version() {
  return C2D_PACKAGE " version " C2D_VERSION ", " C2D_DATE "\n\
Copyright (c) Automated Reasoning Group, UCLA 2015\n\
Licensed only for non-commercial, research and educational use\n";
}

/******************************************************************************
 * end
 ******************************************************************************/

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Sarkozy calls Greek euro entry a mistake
French president's remarks come amid a global stocks rally and a eurozone bailout-fund official's visit to China.
The French president has said it was a "mistake" to allow Greece to enter the eurozone, comments likely to inflame tensions between EU member states just hours after a deal was reached on a bailout plan for Greece.
"Let's be clear: it was an error," Nicolas Sarkozy said in an interview with French television of the decision to let Greece join the monetary union in 2001.
"Its economy was not ready to assume its integration into the euro".
Nevertheless, world stocks continued to rally on Friday and the euro jumped to a seven-week high against the dollar after European leaders agreed on a debt deal in Brussels aimed at resolving the two-year-old eurozone sovereign debt crisis.
The plan, announced early on Thursday, would increase the eurozone rescue fund to $1.4tn, implement a 50 per cent write-off for private bond-holders of Greek debt and recapitalise the region's banks.
European leaders have also raised the idea of asking China, Brazil and other emerging economies to help overcome the debt crisis.
Eye on China
Klaus Regling, the head of the eurozone bailout fund, was due to meet Chinese officials in Beijing on Friday, and was expected to ask for China's help in boosting market confidence in the euro..
Private bond-holders of Greek debt asked to bear 50 per cent losses on their investment
Europe's banks told to cut dividends and bonuses to strengthen their balance sheets
Planned increase in European Financial Stability Facility, the $600bn mechanism set up to provide support to eurozone economies
Q&A on euro zone debt crisis
Regling, chief executive of the European Financial Stability Facility (EFSF), described his visit as "regular", saying there were no formal negotiations under way and he did not expect to reach a conclusive deal with Chinese leaders during this visit.
"These are regular consultations at an early phase," Regling said at a briefing. "Don't expect any precise outcome of our talks."
China has invested significant sums in European bonds and has repeatedly called on Europe to address its debt crisis, saying a failure to act risks dragging the world back into recession.
Chinese state media have reported that the country has agreed to contribute to the EFSF, but there has been no official confirmation and Beijing has given little indication of how it might be prepared to help.
Hu Jintao, the Chinese president, told Sarkozy on Thursday that he hoped the latest euro rescue deal would help stabilise European financial markets.
Market gains
Asian markets extended their rally on Friday from the previous day. Tokyo gained 1.16 per cent, Hong Kong added 1.89 per cent by the break, Seoul climbed 1.04 per cent and Shanghai was 1.10 per cent higher. Mumbai added 2.88 per cent and Sydney was flat.
European stock markets recovered on Thursday, with Frankfurt's DAX 30 up 5.35 per cent, the Paris CAC-40 jumping 6.28 per cent, and London's FTSE-100 up 2.89 per cent.
Athens jumped 4.82 per cent and Milan was 5.49 per cent higher.
EU leaders hope to prevent the spread of
the debt contagion
The euro hit an eight-week high above $1.42 in New York late on Thursday before settling at $1.4187.
European banks now face the challenge of having to find $146bn to shore up their capital by the end of June.
"European leaders have been accused of procrastinating, which they say made the situation worse," Al Jazeera's Jacky Rowland reported from Berlin.
"But the question is how in practice will it work, how will the money come into that fund."
Greece is inundated with debt and in its third-straight year of recession.
Without a "firewall" in place, analysts said its economic troubles could cross over to other eurozone economies, like those of Ireland and Portugal, and to bigger economies such as Italy.
But George Papandreou, the Greek prime minister, has praised the fresh deal.
In a televised address on Thursday, he said: "After the battle we have won, which is of huge importance for the country ... we will continue to work intensively so that Greece becomes productive".
Shaky finances
Investors may have responded positively to the deal, but others warned that more still needed to be done to shore up the eurozone's finances.
Analysts said the broad agreement was just the beginning and European policymakers would need to overcome several hurdles to fully resolve the debt crisis.
Shahin Vallee, an economist, told Al Jazeera that it would take years before Greece's economy could stand on its own.
"I think that it's clear that whatever comprehensive solution we have achieved over night it hasn't solved the crisis at all," he said.
"It is comprehensive in the sense that it deals with several bits of the crisis - the banking part, the sovereign part, the institutional part.
"But it's not comprehensive in the sense that so long as countries like Greece or Spain cannot borrow on their own, we wouldn't solve anything. And I think that's a few years down the line. We haven't even touched that."
Virginia gun rally: Fears of violence as militia groups gather


In the year that celebrates its 20th anniversary, Agência Ciência Viva celebrates research in the feminine with the release of a book that brings together more than a hundred portraits of Portuguese researchers. Two professors from ESB: Manuela Pintado and Paula Castro are among the honorees. Their presence appears not only in the work but also in the digital version, patent in a permanent exhibition in the Pavilion of Knowledge.
"The agri-food biotechnology is the stage of science that I experience every day, always with the same intensity and enthusiasm as the first day, turning what nature offers us more valuable and believing that each solution found will contribute to the national well-being and industrial innovation."
"In the classroom, in the laboratory and in the field, it is a privilege to explore the contributions of modern biotechnology to solve environmental challenges that affect the day to day of all. I experience the small discoveries like the biggest dream of seing my children grow up in a healthy planet."


text:
Q: In this context what is the purpose of 'alert(strings)'
Question a:
(i) Write a JavaScript code fragment that obtains four strings from text fields, stores them in an array, uses the sort function to sort it into ascending lexicographical order, and displays the sorted array in a presentation tag on the HTML page from which the script was invoked. All interactions with the document object model should be done using JQuery. You should assume that the input fields have id attributes id1, id2, id3, and id4, and the presentation tag has the id attribute sorted

Solution I found:
$(document).ready(function(){
    var strings =[$("#id1").val(),$("#id2").val(),$("#id3").val(),$("#id4").val()];
    strings.sort();
    $("#sorted").text(strings);
    alert(strings);
});

I have a question about that solution: What is the alert(strings); line for? I know what the alert function does but I don't see the question asking for it.

(ii) Describe how the code produced for part (a) would need to be modified to sort numbers into ascending numerical order

It seems to be the code above already sorts numbers into ascending numerical order, am I wrong?

A:
What is the alert(strings); line for?

Just to show the result.

It seems to be the code above already sorts numbers into ascending numerical order, am I wrong?

That's incorrect. If you don't provide a callback, sort defaults to a lexicographic sort (loosely speaking, it sorts alphabetically), converting the elements to strings (for the sort comparison only) if necessary:

const a = [3, 10, 7, 20];
a.sort();
console.log(a);

Notice how 10 comes before 3, because the string "10" sorts before the string "3" in a lexicographic sort, because "1" is before "3".


Washington, D.C. is no stranger to wild acrobatics when it comes to finding funding for things they want—but Congressman Steve King (R – Iowa) is coming up with some pretty extreme ideas when it comes to funding President Donald J. Trump's signature border wall.
According to King, Congress should use money from the national food stamp budget and Planned Parenthood funding to pay for Trump's wall, which experts say is doomed to fail before construction is complete.
In early July, the House Appropriations Committee released its homeland security bill, and it included the full $1.6 billion that the Office of Management and Budget required to begin construction on the wall. King, though, wants to more than triple what American taxpayers are spending on it.
King says that the number of Americans on food stamps is ludicrous at more than 40 million, which works out to be about 12 percent of the population. Nearly two-thirds of the Americans who receive food stamp benefits are children, the elderly, or are disabled, and the average household income of families receiving the benefit have an income of less than $10,000 per year. The White House budget proposal cuts more than $193 billion in funding for food stamps as it is.
King feels that fat people don't need food stamps—literally.
I'd love to hear what you think about King's proposal to slash even more from the federal food stamp budget to pay for Trump's fraught-with-problems border wall, so please share your thoughts on my Facebook page or on Twitter!


Vanguard Claims Promotions and New Hires - Vanguard Claims Administration, Inc.
Paul Peterson has been promoted to Assistant Property Supervisor. With more than 12 years of experience, Paul has advanced through the Vanguard ranks moving from outside field adjuster to desk examiner to his current position. Now managing a two-person team of examiners, Paul's new Property unit specializes in customized program implementation for commercial, residential and mixed lines of coverage.
John Croom has joined Vanguard as Director of CAT Services for Vanguard Adjusters Group. As Director, John provides the strategic leadership to continue Vanguard's nationwide expansion of its catastrophic claims administration. He specializes in building CAT response plans that are both versatile and flexible – everything from small, highly mobile claims units, to full network utilization of hundreds of field personnel that deliver consistent results for clients. John's depth of experience with first-party commercial and residential risks, surplus lines exposures, as well as flood and personal auto lines, allows Vanguard's CAT response to be both nimble and comprehensive.
Gary DiCicco is bringing more than 24 years of experience to Vanguard as a Property Administrator. His background as a multi-line adjuster provides a unique advantage to the Vanguard Property Department. Gary's knowledge of casualty claims also enables him to assist the liability department during periods of increased influx of claims.
David Ross has been hired as a Property Administrator. Having expertly handled hundreds of recent CAT claims resulting from both Harvey and Irma, David is filling a new examiner role within the Vanguard Property Department. With more than 24 years of experience, his ability to quickly analyze a loss and bring claims to a speedy and fair conclusion exemplifies the level of customer service Vanguard strives to provide to clients.
Elizabeth Smith joins Vanguard as a Property Administrator. With more than 22 years of experience, Smith has mastered all ISO policies including Homeowners, Dwelling and the Commercial Property coverage forms. And, from her prior position as an outside field adjuster, Elizabeth has firsthand knowledge of and the ability to prepare damage estimates, allowing Vanguard to handle many desk adjustments when applicable.


text:
Telangana State Eligibility Test (TS - SET) 2022
Eligibility as Assistant Professor & Lecturer
Master's Degree (i.e., M.A., M.Sc., M.Com, MBA, MLISC, M.Ed., M.PEd., MCJ, LLM, MCA and M.Tech (CSE & IT only)) are eligible to apply
Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE)
D Pharm
12th standard or equivalent
Chennai Mathematical Institute (CMI)
BSc/MSc/PhD
BSc : 12th standard or equivalent
MSc : Undergraduate degree
PhD : B.E./B.Tech/B.Sc./MSc
Open : 01st March 2023
Last date : To be announced
Vignana Jyothi Institute of Management (VJIM), Hyderabad
Graduate from a recognized university
Open : 2023-25 Admission
Last Date : Last week of January 2023
Rajagiri Centre for Business Studies (RCBS) Kochi
MBA, MA (HRM) and PGDM Programs
A pass in any Bachelor's Degree Examination
Ashoka University, Sonipat
Undergraduate Course
Passed HS or equivalent examinations (10+2) in the relevant streams
Round 2 : 11th January 2023
Round 3 : 05th April 2023
Round 4 : 24th May 2023
National Institute of Technology (NIT), Rourkela
Open : January 02nd, 2023
Closing : February 10th, 2023
All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Rishikesh
Post Doctoral (DM/M.Ch) Courses
Possess a degree in MD/MS or DNB from a University recognized by MCI in respective discipline
All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) Rishikesh
Post-Doctoral Certificate Course
MD/DNB/MS in concerned disciplines
School of Physical Education & Sports Sciences, Kannur University
PG Diploma in Yoga Education
Passed any bachelor's degree
PhD/M.Phil Admission Notifications
National Institute of Technology Sikkim
PG in relevant area/ disciplines or BE/B.Tech and ME/M.Tech in relevant branch
Presidency University Calcutta
Master's degree with 55% marks in aggregate or its equivalent grade
Krantiguru Shyamji Krishna Verma Kachchh University
Indian Institute of Information Technology (IIIT) Lucknow
National Institute of Technology Uttarakhand
Madurai Kamaraj University
Master's degree or its equivalent in concerned disciplines
Scholarship Name
DHE Assam Mobility Grants for Girl Students 2022
Directorate of Higher Education (DHE), Assam
Girl students studying in Post Graduate 1st year or 2nd year during the year 2022


text:
Generators and Power Systems
Fire Pump Drives
G-Drive Engines
Well Servicing
Gas Compression
On-highway
Euro Bus, Coach and Truck
Advanced Combat Engine
Motorhome and RV
Fire and Emergency
Vocational Truck
Light Commercial Vehicle
Medium-duty Truck
Integrated Power
TEMs and Body Builders
Biodiesel FAQs
DEF for Industrial Applications
Fuel Quality
How a diesel engine works
Natural Gas Engines
Fuel Quality Calculator
Greenhouse Gas Emissions Calculator
Sales and Service Locator
Tier 4 Final (<751 hp)
Tier 4 Final (>751 hp)
Integrated Power Systems
Onan Parts and Accessories
Paralleling Controls
Commercial Mobile Power
Distributed Generation
Home Standby
Commercial Power
100 Years of Power Generation
Applications and industries list
Generator Sizing Calculator
Turbochargers and Air Handling
Holset Turbochargers
Power Turbines
Two-Stage Systems
Turbo Componentry
Holset Aftermarket
Holset Reman
Distributor Partner Zone
Aftertreatment
Cummins Emission Solutions
How an Aftertreatment System Works
Off-highway Products > 750 Hp
Aftertreatment Innovation
Aftertreatment FAQ
Aftertreatment Brochures
Electronics and Fuel Systems
Aftermarket and Remanufacturing
Coolants and Chemicals
Fuel Filtration
About Hydrogen
Service Specials and Offers
Contact Customer Assistance
Find a Local Dealer or Distributor
Find a Coach Care RV Service Center
Request Service or Parts Quote
Buy Parts Online - US
Buy Parts Online - Canada
Request Parts Quote
Manuals and Technical Documents
Find Documents Online
RV Generator Manuals
Digital Products and Services
Connected Diagnostics
Guidanz
Incal
Cummins Overview
Energy Diversity
PLANET 2050
Clubs and Merchandise
Cummins Inc. Investor Website
Working at Cummins
Find a Sales or Service Location
Digital Products and Services Support
National Overhaul Warranty (NOW coverage)
Region & Language Change your Region and Language here.
Thailand, Vietnam, Myanmar
US & Canada Sales & Service
Annual Shareholder Meeting
Board & ESG
Cummins Announces Second Quarter Results
Download as PDF July 30, 2019 7:30am EDT
Earnings Presentation
10-Q Filing
PDF HTML
ZIP XLS HTML
Second quarter revenues of $6.2 billion; GAAP1 Net Income of $675 million
Second quarter EBITDA of 17.0 percent of sales; Diluted EPS of $4.27
Expects full year 2019 revenues to be flat, at the low end of our previous guidance
The company is maintaining its full year 2019 EBITDA guidance of 16.25 to 16.75 percent
COLUMBUS, Ind.--(BUSINESS WIRE)-- Cummins Inc. (NYSE: CMI) today reported results for the second quarter of 2019.
Second quarter revenues of $6.2 billion increased 1 percent from the same quarter in 2018. Increased truck production in North America and stronger demand in North American power generation markets was partially offset by lower demand in oil and gas and international truck markets. Currency negatively impacted revenues by 2 percent primarily due to a stronger US dollar.
Second quarter sales in North America set a new record and improved by 7 percent while international revenues decreased by 6 percent. Sales in North America increased in all segments except Power Systems, which was negatively impacted by lower demand in oil and gas markets. International revenues declined primarily due to lower truck demand in China, Europe, Brazil, and India.
Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA) in the second quarter were a record $1.1 billion, or 17.0 percent of sales, compared to $897 million or 14.6 percent of sales a year ago. Net income attributable to Cummins in the second quarter was $675 million ($4.27 per diluted share), compared to net income of $545 million ($3.32 per diluted share).
"We achieved record revenues, EBITDA, and operating cash flow in the first half of 2019, extending our track record of raising performance cycle over cycle," said Chairman and CEO Tom Linebarger. "While we do expect to see a moderation in demand in the second half of the year, our financial strength combined with our diversified geographic and end market exposure will enable us to generate strong profits, continue to invest in future growth, and return cash to shareholders."
2019 Outlook:
Cummins now expects 2019 revenue to be flat, which places the forecast at the low end of our previous guidance range of flat to 4 percent. This lower outlook is driven by reduced truck demand in international markets, moderating parts demand in North America, and the impact of a stronger US dollar. The company continues to expect EBITDA to be in the range of 16.25 to 16.75 percent of sales and plans to return 75 percent of Operating Cash Flow to shareholders in the form of dividends and share repurchases.
Our outlook does not include any potential impact of the company's review of its emission certification process and compliance with emissions standards or acquisition of Hydrogenics.
Second Quarter 2019 Highlights:
The Board of Directors approved a 15 percent increase in the Company's quarterly cash dividend from $1.14 per share to $1.311 per share
Cummins entered into a definitive agreement to acquire the majority of shares of fuel cell systems provider Hydrogenics Corporation. The agreement is subject to customary closing conditions and Hydrogenics' shareholder approval
Cummins and Gillig announced that the GILLIG zero-emission battery electric bus, powered by Cummins, is now available for commercial orders by customers
Second quarter 2019 detail (all comparisons to same period in 2018)
Sales - $2.7 billion, flat versus prior year
Segment EBITDA - $416 million, or 15.4 percent of sales, compared to $362 million or 13.4 percent of sales
On-highway revenues increased 2 percent and off-highway revenues decreased by 7 percent
North America revenues increased by 7 percent due to higher demand in on-highway markets while international revenues declined 15 percent primarily due to lower demand in China
Sales - $2.0 billion, up 2 percent
Segment EBITDA - $172 million, or 8.5 percent of sales, compared to $145 million or 7.3 percent of sales
Revenues in North America increased by 2 percent and international sales were flat
Strong demand for power generation equipment in North America, especially data centers, was partially offset by lower demand in oil and gas markets and the unfavorable impact from a stronger US dollar, which impacted sales by 2 percent
Sales - $1.8 billion, down 2 percent
Revenues in North America increased by 5 percent due to higher heavy and medium-duty truck production while international sales declined by 12 percent due to lower demand in Europe, China, and India
Industrial revenues decreased 11 percent due to lower demand in North America oil and gas and global mining markets while power generation revenues were flat
Electrified Power Segment
Sales - $8 million
Segment EBITDA loss - $33 million
About Cummins
Cummins Inc., a global technology leader, is a corporation of complementary business segments designing, manufacturing, distributing and servicing a broad portfolio of power solutions. The company's products range from diesel and natural gas engines to hybrid and electric platforms, as well as related technologies, including transmissions, battery systems, fuel systems, controls, air handling, filtration, emission solutions, and electrical power generation systems. Headquartered in Columbus, Indiana (U.S.), since its founding in 1919, Cummins employs approximately 62,600 people committed to powering a more prosperous world through three global corporate responsibility priorities critical to healthy communities: education, environment and equality of opportunity. Cummins serves customers in approximately 190 countries and territories through a network of approximately 600 company-owned and independent distributor locations, and over 7,600 dealer locations. In 2018, the company earned about $2.1 billion on sales of $23.8 billion. See how Cummins is powering a world that's Always On by accessing news releases and more information at https://www.cummins.com/always-on. Follow Cummins on Twitter at www.twitter.com/cummins and on YouTube at www.youtube.com/cumminsinc.
Forward-looking disclosure statement
Information provided in this release that is not purely historical are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, including statements regarding our forecasts, guidance, preliminary results, expectations, hopes, beliefs and intentions on strategies regarding the future. These forward looking statements include, without limitation, statements relating to our plans and expectations for our revenues and EBITDA percentage for the full year of 2019. Our actual future results could differ materially from those projected in such forward-looking statements because of a number of factors, including, but not limited to: any adverse results of our internal review into our emissions certification process and compliance with emissions standards; a sustained slowdown or significant downturn in our markets; changes in the engine outsourcing practices of significant customers; the development of new technologies that reduce demand for our current products and services; increased scrutiny from regulatory agencies, as well as unpredictability in the adoption, implementation and enforcement of emissions standards around the world; product recalls; policy changes in international trade; the United Kingdom's (U.K.) decision to end its membership in the European Union; lower than expected acceptance of new or existing products or services; a slowdown in infrastructure development and/or depressed commodity prices; supply shortages and supplier financial risk, particularly from any of our single-sourced suppliers; exposure to potential security breaches or other disruptions to our information technology systems and data security; a major customer experiencing financial distress; the actions of, and income from, joint ventures and other investees that we do not directly control; our plan to reposition our portfolio of product offerings through exploration of strategic acquisitions and divestitures and related uncertainties of entering such transactions; failure to realize expected results from our investment in Eaton Cummins Automated Transmission Technologies joint venture; competitor activity; increasing competition, including increased global competition among our customers in emerging markets; foreign currency exchange rate changes; variability in material and commodity costs; political, economic and other risks from operations in numerous countries; changes in taxation; global legal and ethical compliance costs and risks; aligning our capacity and production with our demand; product liability claims; increasingly stringent environmental laws and regulations; future bans or limitations on the use of diesel-powered products; the price and availability of energy; the performance of our pension plan assets and volatility of discount rates; labor relations; changes in accounting standards; our sales mix of products; protection and validity of our patent and other intellectual property rights; the outcome of pending and future litigation and governmental proceedings; continued availability of financing, financial instruments and financial resources in the amounts, at the times and on the terms required to support our future business; and other risks detailed from time to time in our SEC filings, including particularly in the Risk Factors section of our 2018 Annual Report on Form 10-K and Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q. Shareholders, potential investors and other readers are urged to consider these factors carefully in evaluating the forward-looking statements and are cautioned not to place undue reliance on such forward-looking statements. The forward-looking statements made herein are made only as of the date of this press release and we undertake no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. More detailed information about factors that may affect our performance may be found in our filings with the SEC, which are available at http://www.sec.gov or at http://www.cummins.com in the Investor Relations section of our website.
Presentation of Non-GAAP Financial Information
EBITDA is a non-GAAP measure used in this release, and is defined and reconciled to what management believes to be the most comparable GAAP measure in a schedule attached to this release. Cummins presents this information as it believes it is useful to understanding the Company's operating performance, and because EBITDA is a measure used internally to assess the performance of the operating units.
Webcast information
Cummins management will host a teleconference to discuss these results today at 10 a.m. ET. This teleconference will be webcast and available on the Investor Relations section of the Cummins website at www.cummins.com. Participants wishing to view the visuals available with the audio are encouraged to sign-in a few minutes prior to the start of the teleconference.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF NET INCOME
(Unaudited) (a)
July 1,
Other operating income (expense), net
WEIGHTED AVERAGE COMMON SHARES OUTSTANDING
Prepared on an unaudited basis in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Current portion of accrued product warranty
Pensions and other postretirement benefits
Accrued product warranty
Pension contributions (in excess of) under expense, net
Other postretirement benefits payments in excess of expense, net
Gain on corporate owned life insurance
Foreign currency remeasurement and transaction exposure
Changes in current assets and liabilities
Changes in other liabilities
Investments in marketable securities—acquisitions
Investments in marketable securities—liquidations
Net (payments) borrowings of commercial paper
Payments on borrowings and finance lease obligations
Net borrowings (payments) under short-term credit agreements
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
SEGMENT INFORMATION
Total Segments
Intersegment
Eliminations (1)
Segment EBITDA
Depreciation and amortization (2)
EBITDA as a percentage of total sales
Three months ended July 1, 2018
"NM" - not meaningful information
Includes intersegment sales, intersegment profit in inventory eliminations and unallocated corporate expenses. There were no significant unallocated corporate expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and July 1, 2018.
Depreciation and amortization, as shown on a segment basis, excludes the amortization of debt discount and deferred costs included in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Net Income as "Interest expense." A portion of depreciation expense is included in "Research, development and engineering expense."
Six months ended July 1, 2018
Includes intersegment sales, intersegment profit in inventory eliminations and unallocated corporate expenses. There were no significant unallocated corporate expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and July 1, 2018.
Depreciation and amortization, as shown on a segment basis, excludes the amortization of debt discount and deferred costs included in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income as "Interest expense." The amortization of debt discount and deferred costs was $1 million and $1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and July 1, 2018, respectively. A portion of depreciation expense is included in "Research, development and engineering expense."
RECONCILIATION OF SEGMENT INFORMATION
A reconciliation of our segment information to the corresponding amounts in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Net Income is shown in the table below:
Total EBITDA
SELECT FOOTNOTE DATA
Equity, royalty and interest income from investees included in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Net Income for the reporting periods was as follows:
FINANCIAL MEASURES THAT SUPPLEMENT GAAP
Reconciliation of Non GAAP measures - Earnings before interest, income taxes, noncontrolling interests, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA)
We believe EBITDA is a useful measure of our operating performance as it assists investors and debt holders in comparing our performance on a consistent basis without regard for financing methods, capital structure, income taxes or depreciation and amortization methods, which can vary significantly depending upon many factors.
EBITDA is not in accordance with, or an alternative for, accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (GAAP) and may not be consistent with measures used by other companies. It should be considered supplemental data; however, the amounts included in the EBITDA calculation are derived from amounts included in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Net Income. Below is a reconciliation of "Net income attributable to Cummins Inc." to EBITDA for each of the applicable periods:
Net income attributable to Cummins Inc. as a percentage of net sales
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests
EBITDA as a percentage of net sales
Net income and diluted earnings per share (EPS) attributable to Cummins Inc. excluding special discrete tax items
We believe these are useful measures of our operating performance for the periods presented as they illustrate our operating performance without regard to other discrete tax adjustments. These measures are not in accordance with, or an alternative for GAAP and may not be consistent with measures used by other companies. This should be considered supplemental data. The following table reconciles net income and diluted EPS attributable to Cummins Inc. to net income and diluted EPS attributable to Cummins Inc. excluding special discrete tax items for the following periods:
Net income and diluted EPS attributable to Cummins Inc.
Special discrete tax items
Net income and diluted EPS attributable to Cummins Inc. excluding special discrete tax items
Special discrete tax items (1)
Our effective tax rate for the six months ended July 1, 2018, was 29.0 percent and contained $74 million, or $0.45 per share, of unfavorable discrete tax items, primarily related to a Tax Legislation adjustment of $80 million. This includes $45 million associated with changes related to the Tax Legislation measurement period adjustment and $35 million associated with the one-time recognition of deferred tax charges at historical tax rates on intercompany profit in inventory.
BUSINESS UNIT SALES DATA
Engine Segment Sales by Market and Unit Shipments by Engine Classification
Sales for our Engine segment by market were as follows:
Unit shipments by engine classification (including unit shipments to Power Systems and off-highway engine units included in their respective classification) were as follows:
Medium-duty
Distribution Segment Sales by Product Line
Sales for our Distribution segment by product line were as follows:
Component Segment Sales by Product Line
Sales for our Components segment by product line were as follows:
Emission solutions
Turbo technologies
Automated transmissions
Power Systems Segment Sales by Product Line and Unit Shipments by Engine Classification
Sales for our Power Systems segment by product line were as follows:
Generator technologies
High-horsepower unit shipments by engine classification were as follows:
Director – External Communications
jon.mills@cummins.com
Source: Cummins Inc.
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text:
Using Liquid Biopsies to Predict Treatement Responses in Prostate Cancer
November 22, 2016 – Gina Columbus
New Toolkit Will Help Patients and Families Navigate Cancer Genetics
November 21, 2016 – Allie Casey
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November 21, 2016 – Brielle Urciuoli
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An Evening of Inspiration: Heroes of Glioblastoma Multiforme Honored for Their Dedication
Expert Howard I. Scher, M.D. discusses the future of liquid biopsy use for prostate cancer.
BY Gina Columbus
Liquid biopsies may be one way to help strengthen the understanding of prostate cancer biology, says Howard I. Scher, M.D.
"Over the past few years, we have learned that there are distinct molecular subtypes of prostate cancer for which certain drugs are available," says Scher, chief of Genitourinary Oncology Service at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center. "Some are already approved and others are in development. The issue that we have learned is that an individual's cancer changes biologically as it progresses and will also change differently, depending on what particular treatments have been given."
Scher spoke on predicting sensitivity to prostate cancer treatment in a presentation during an interview with CURE. He explains the biology known thus far about multiple prostate cancer subtypes and how liquid biopsies will likely shape the future treatment landscape of the disease.
What are the current challenges with predicting response to treatment?
We know that androgen receptor (AR)–directed therapies, when given the first time, work very well. However, when you go from one to the other, the response rate is significantly lower. Most patients don't respond well, but there is a subset for which it does work well. The question is, "How do we identify those patients ahead of time so they benefit?" How do we identify the patients unlikely to benefit, so they will be spared of the toxicity and cost of treatment?
If we look at the genetics of prostate cancers from patients who are first diagnosed with tumors localized to the prostate versus those with metastatic disease, and we look at the metastatic lesion in addition to the primary site — or we look at patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) — we see that the frequency and types of changes are very different.
If we are focused on mCRPC, it is imperative that we study the cancer at the time we are making a decision to choose drug A versus drug B versus drug C. In many tumors, this is done via a biopsy of a metastatic lesion, but the most common metastatic spread is to the bone in prostate cancer. Here, the ability to do consistent molecular profiling is actually quite low. Our experience using directed biopsies, where we know exactly where the lesion is, is only about 50 percent. It's an invasive procedure and is costly. If a patient has 10 individual lesions, they are not all biologically the same. Inadvertently, we may biopsy a lesion, identify a specific gene or pathway, and that pathway is not the key driver of the resistant cell population.
A number of us have been focusing on what has been categorized as the liquid biopsy. Obviously, taking a blood test is much easier than biopsying a metastatic lesion. There are a number of different tumor products that can be identified in blood. These include circulating tumor cells (CTCs), DNA, and RNA from tumors, and vesicles called exosomes that contain DNA, RNA, and protein, which help you characterize the disease.
Our focus has been primarily on CTCs and there are two techniques used. One is called a capture, or selection, method where you will use an antibody to capture cells that express the particular target of that antibody and then characterize in different ways. You can look at it on a slide, visually in a chamber, or deposit it on a slide.
The method that we are most recently using is called a nonselection method where you take a blood sample, deposit the cancer cells on a slide, perform various stains, and use software that can identify and localize each of the cancer cells present. This is the technology developed by Epic Sciences.
With this technology, we have been studying a protein made by the AR-V7 splice variant. The AR loses the portion of the protein that binds testosterone and the antiandrogen such as Xtandi (enzalutamide) or Casodex (bicalutamide), which inhibit its function. When the AR-V7 splice variant is present, it alone can drive the cancer without a ligand. The AR-V7 encodes for a protein that you can identify in cells. It can also do a pathological complete response reaction to identify the gene.
What we have been focusing on is looking at cells where AR-V7 is present and looking at patients who are first progressing on hormones, those who received one first-generation hormonal agent, and patients who had two of the life-prolonging agents. By drawing blood at each of these time points, we have seen the frequency of this splice variant is relatively low in the first-line setting. It gets higher with each course. Each time we identify it, the patients treated with AR-signaling directed therapy do not respond.
In contrast, there is no relationship between presence of AR-V7 and response to chemotherapy—in this case, docetaxel or Jevtana (cabazitaxel). What we have shown is that the survival of patients is improved in patients with AR-V7 present who receive a taxane, and it is inferior for those who receive AR-directed therapy.
It is very important to understand that the splice variant is in the nucleus where it binds to DNA and functions, in order to be very specific to the test results. If AR-V7 is present, then we know that these are patients who should not be treated with an AR-directed drug. This was one experience that we published earlier this year, now it is going through a validation process to confirm that this is true.
In this particular case, we are trying to predict and identify what biologic feature in this patient's case will predict for response or nonresponse of a particular drug.
It sounds like there are a lot of developments taking place with regard to biomarkers.
When you think about it, you can actually look at a patient's blood and you can see the cells that are very homogenous and look very similar. Those are tumors that tend to respond to a targeted agent—particularly those who are more advanced. It looks as if you are treating 20 cancers at once.
But recently the focus is the heterogeneity—how chaotic does it look? The earlier in the course it is, the less chaotic it is. As it moves down the road in second- and third-line settings, it gets much more heterogeneous. That's where you can make the argument that a cytotoxic or biologic agent may be preferable. Those are the types of questions being asked.
Liquid biopsies have been discussed in great detail this year. What role do you see them having in prostate cancer?
In lung cancer, there were two liquid biopsy tests approved as companion tests. These are tests for CTC DNA, which are looking for a specific mutation. In prostate cancer, the numbers of mutations that clearly predict for sensitivity are fewer. It's harder to identify the types of changes that are predictive using CTC DNA, even though the technology is improving very quickly.
Research has shown that they can see if there is overexpression or amplification of the AR, which is turning out to be a predictor of nonresponse. Now, the assays have to get to the point of establishing analytical validity, which means they are done at a performance level that's consistent anywhere the assay is done.
In many cases, that's almost harder to do to get to that level of performance than it is to develop the drug. The whole field of companion diagnostics is really where the field is headed.
Ideally, you would like to be able to do a blood test and say, "This is the drug for you." You want to be able to monitor the change over time in a tumor to understand when a drug should be added to what patients are already getting versus changing therapy completely.
What do you believe the field can accomplish in the next five years?
I would like to be part of the accomplishment. In his Cancer Moonshot program, Vice President Joe Biden is looking for 10 years of progress in five years. I am totally optimistic that it can be achieved.
We recently met in Washington, DC, as a group — the Blood Profiling Atlas — with the enthusiasm of the assay developers and regulatory agencies. The spirit of collaboration is just incredible. There is importance to sharing information so things can go forward.
Talk about this article with other patients, caregivers, and advocates in the Prostate Cancer CURE discussion group.
/articles/using-liquid-biopsies-to-predict-treatement-responses-in-prostate-cancer


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