text:
Topic Infosec programs
SubTopic Government security
Government security
Security laws and ethics
Security automation
Security mergers and acquisitions
How USB malware gets around the air gap defense
Brutal Kangaroo: How does it hop to air-gapped computers?
How can USB Thief be stopped from infecting air-gapped systems?
Proof-of-concept malware jumps air gap with sound card
How does USBee turn USB storage devices into covert channels?
How does USB Killer v3 damage devices through their USB connections?
The truth about USB malware and safety best practices
Stuxnet and the origins of air gap attacks
Iran confirms Stuxnet hit uranium enrichment centrifuges
Stuxnet worm is prototype for cyber-weapon, say security experts
Stuxnet hit Chevron's systems, the energy giant admits
Stuxnet worm flaw still the most exploited after seven years
After Stuxnet: Windows Shell flaw still most abused years later
This content is part of the Essential Guide: How air gap attacks challenge the notion of secure networks
DEFCON hopes voting machine hacking can secure systems
The first official report on voting machine hacking from DEFCON suggests the need for pen testing, basic security guidelines and cooperation from local and federal governments.
Michael Heller
A new report pushes recommendations based on the research done into voting machine hacking at DEFCON 25, including basic cybersecurity guidelines, collaboration with local officials and an offer of free voting machine penetration testing.
It took less than an hour for hackers to break into the first voting machine at the DEFCON conference in July. This week, DEFCON organizers released a new report that details the results from the Voting Village and the steps needed to ensure election security in the future.
Douglas Lute, former U.S. ambassador to NATO and retired U.S. Army lieutenant general, wrote in the report that "last year's attack on America's voting process is as serious a threat to our democracy as any I have ever seen in the last 40+ years -- potentially more serious than any physical attack on our Nation."
"Loss of life and damage to property are tragic, but we are resilient and can recover. Losing confidence in the security of our voting process -- the fundamental link between the American people and our government -- could be much more damaging," Lute wrote. "In short, this is a serious national security issue that strikes at the core of our democracy."
In an effort to reduce the risks from voting machine hacking, DEFCON itself will be focusing more on the election systems. Jeff Moss, founder of DEFCON, said during a press conference for the report that access to voting machines is still a major hurdle.
"The part that's really hard to get our hands on is the back-end software that ties the voting machines together -- to tabulate, to accumulate votes, to provision a voting ballot, to run the election, to figure out a winner -- and boy we really want to have a complete voting system to attack, so people can attack the network, they can attack the physical machines, they can go after the databases" Moss said. "This is the mind-boggling part: Just as this is the first time this is really being done -- no NDAs -- there's never been a test of a complete system. We want a full end-to-end system so it's one less thing people can argue about. We can say, 'See? We did it here too.'"
DEFCON had obtained the voting machines tested at the 2017 conference from second-hand markets, like eBay, but hopes to have more cooperation from election officials and the companies that make the voting equipment. Moss said it is still unclear what exactly DEFCON will be allowed to do in 2018 because the DMCA exemption that allows voting machine hacking currently needs to be renewed.
Immediate voting machine security
DEFCON officials noted that election security needs to be improved before the 2018 DEFCON conference so local officials can prepare for the 2018 midterm elections.
John Gilligan, board chair and interim CEO for the Center for Internet Security (CIS), said his organization was working "to take the elections ecosystem and to develop a handbook of best practices" around election security. CIS has invited DHS, NIST, the Election Assistance Commission, the National Association of Secretaries of State and other election officials to collaborate on the process.
"We have 400 or 500 people who currently collaborate with us, but we're going to expand that horizon a bit because there are those who have specific expertise in election systems. The view is: Let's get together and very quickly -- by the end of this calendar year -- produce a set of best practices that will be given to the state and local governments," Gilligan said in a news conference on Tuesday. "Our effort will complement what the Election Assistance Commission is developing presently with NIST."
Jake Braun, cybersecurity lecturer at the University of Chicago and CEO of private equity firm Cambridge Global Advisors, headquartered in Washington, D.C., said the DEFCON team would provide free voting machine pen testing to any election officials that want the help.
The only way you can see if the machine was hacked is if the attacker wanted to be found. That's the sad truth. It can be done without leaving a trace.
Harri Hurstifounding partner, Nordic Innovation Lab
"If you're an election official, the thing you can do coming out of this is to contact DEFCON and offer to give out your schemes, your databases, give access to whatever else you want tested. This is essentially free testing and training for your staff, and that would normally cost you millions of dollars to purchase on your own."
Moss said the industry fear of hackers is common, but urged that the team only wanted to help.
"This is the first scrutiny the manufacturers have had and they don't know what to do. And that's a pretty routine response. We saw that from the medical device world, car world, access control, ATMs," Moss said. "When these industries first come into contact with hackers and people who are giving an honest opinion of their technology, they pull back and hide for a while. If you're doing a good job, we'll tell you, 'Hey, that's awesome.' And, if you're doing a poor job, we'll say, 'Can you please fix that?' But the best part is it's free. You're getting some of the world's best hackers doing pro bono work, giving away reports for free -- normally these people make thousands of dollars a day -- and they're doing it just because they want to see what's possible."
The DEFCON voting machine hacking report noted a number of misconceptions surrounding the security of elections, but Harri Hursti, founding partner at Nordic Innovation Lab, said one of the biggest issues was the idea that there had "never been a documented incident where votes have been changed during a real election."
"These machines don't have the capability of providing you forensic evidence to see that. They cannot prove they are honest; they cannot prove they were not hacked. They simply don't have the fundamental, basic capabilities of providing you that data," Hursti said in the press conference. "The only way you can see if the machine was hacked is if the attacker wanted to be found. That's the sad truth. It can be done without leaving a trace."
Learn why cybersecurity standards are needed to protect the election process
Find out why U.S. electronic voting systems need post-election audits
Read about the importance of taking action after completing pen testing
Michael Heller asks:
Do you think DEFCON will succeed in improving voting machine security?
Michael Heller - 12 Oct 2017 5:23 PM
The 5 network security basics you need to know
In this compilation, learn what network security is, as well as how it differs from cybersecurity, common -- and potentially ...
European Commission launches antitrust investigation into Amazon
Amazon is being officially investigated by the European Commission to assess whether its use of data from independent retailers ...
NHS still has thousands of PCs running Windows XP
NHS computers are still being upgraded three years after the WannaCry ransomware attack to the health system, raising concerns ...
Most security pros still concerned about public cloud security
Despite accelerated adoption of public cloud services by companies keen to benefit from increased efficiency, scalability and ...


With Genius registration, your participant management is simplified and centralized. Forget Excel for a better management of your guests.
Databases are generally long and tedious to manage during an event. Genius registration gives you the possibility to integrate your contact list by importing your Excel file in less than a minute!
Once you have imported your contact list you can link it to an event. You can import and create as many contact lists as you wish*.
And at any time you can edit your participants' contact records or delete your contacts whenever you want.
You can also complete your database by adding contacts manually.
It is important that your databases are kept up to date because you will save time for your next events if you have to use one of your previous contact lists. Moreover, an up-to-date database ensures the success of your mailings.
Once you have created your contact list, all you have to do is set up your invitation mailing.
Your invitation mailing is customizable with your content, images / videos, hyperlinks and email signature.
For the event organizer very often an invitation email is not enough to communicate on his event then Genius Registration with its FREE version allows you to set as many emails as you want! So think of your follow-up emails, save the date or an email to bring additional information about your event and make your guests wait.
To inform your guests of their registrations, remember to set up the registration confirmation or pre-registration email, in case you decide to validate the registrations yourself.
Genius registration gives you the guarantee to be able to manage 100% online registrations !
For the event organiser it is often difficult to gather all the useful information for his project. But with Genius registration this is just a bad memory !
You have the possibility to create your personalized satisfaction questionnaire*, by adding the fields corresponding to the answers you expect from your participants. For example to obtain their passport numbers, diets, sporting abilities, etc.
Once developed you will have the ability to enable and disable them whenever you want.
The management of carers is often managed manually, which can create errors. With Genius registration your guests will have the opportunity to indicate whether or not they wish to be accompanied. Of course to have this possibility by creating your registration form you will need to activate this feature.
For a better organization of your event, seminar it is advisable to indicate a deadline for registration. This way you will push your guests to register quickly and you will be able to anticipate your organization.
In order to improve the success of an event, it is advisable to ask your guests about their participation. For this, Genius Registration allows you to create a satisfaction questionnaire very simply to be able to collect opinions.
The satisfaction questionnaire is created very simply by writing the questions you wish to ask, and by choosing the type of answer you wish to obtain. This means ratings, comments, or multiple choices for example.
To get a satisfactory response rate think about writing simple questions and create a questionnaire that will take no more than 5 minutes for your participants.
To communicate around your event, create your website dedicated to the event very simply with Genius Registration.
The website dedicated to the event will include the registration form and you can customize it* to the image of your company / event, or by choosing the Templates made available to you.
By creating this website you can communicate all the necessary information to your participants: program, itineraries, etc..
The creation of the website is very easy to use! You can create a beautiful site with your images, videos, and add your texts. In addition, you can integrate call to action and hyperlinks, as well as your social networks.
It is advisable to integrate hyperlinks and your social networks as this will serve you as an additional source of SEO for your own website, corporate blog.
For the organization of events reporting is very appreciated because it allows him to have a fast and effective follow-up. This is how with Genius Registration you will be able to know the success of your events with detailed graphs, to know the response rates of your satisfaction questionnaire.
In addition you have live details on your guests' responses for your event with the number of participants, non-participants, seats available and guests in total.
It is important to centralize everything well because reporting saves precious time because by a simple visualization you will have the necessary information to make the assessment of your event(s).


In 1813, the Netherlands was liberated from French rule by Prussian and Russian troops during the Napoleonic Wars. The son of the last Dutch stadhouder, William Frederik of Orange-Nassau (the future King William I), was installed as the "sovereign prince" of a new Sovereign Principality of the United Netherlands.
William used the occasion to declare himself king on 16 March 1815.


A great smile starts with simple moments.
Denali Dental insurance plans try to keep things simple. Finding the right insurance plan for you and your family can be challenging but good oral health is important. That's why there's Denali Dental that offers a range of affordable dental insurance solutions for you and your family.
For families, individuals, and seniors - without the wait.
Whether you're looking for individual, senior or family insurance we've got you covered, with guaranteed acceptance and you don't have to wait. With Denali Dental, you'll find the plan you need to maintain your oral health without draining your budget. Denali Dental provides a wide range of affordable plans and benefits and has a professional licensed staff dedicated to helping you.
** If an insured has lost one or more teeth prior to this policy effective date, we will not pay for a prosthetic device that replaces such teeth unless the device also replaces one or more natural teeth lost or extracted while covered under this policy.
Finding the right dental insurance plan for your and your family can be a challenge. It isn't easy sorting out rates, benefits, maximums, copays, and deductibles. We can help you with that and answer all of your questions.
Over 100,000 people enrolled in Denali Dental!


BELGRADE – The Republic of Myanmar is interested in hiring Serbian companies to build hydropower plants, thermal power plants and other energy facilities in the country, Serbian Minister of Energy and Mining Aleksandar Antic said.
The total value of the project entrusted to Serbian companies in Myanmar would add up to around EUR 120 million in the first stage, Antic said after the meeting with Energy Minister of Myanmar Khin Maung Soe on Friday.
Myanmar wishes to strengthen its cooperation with Serbia in the energy sector and we discušed the pošibility of Serbian companies joining the construction of new hydro and thermal power capacities in the country, Antic told reporters.
He noted that Serbian company Invest import is already building a 152 miles long low voltage power line in Myanmar (244.6 kilometres) and added that two more power lines to the total length of around 200 miles should be built soon.
The total value of the project in the first stage alone adds up to EUR 95 million, and the value of all the signed contracts totals around EUR 300 million, Antic said.
Serbia has a number of prominent companies suć as Energoprojekt, whić can realise major contracts abroad as they had previously done around the world, from South America to Africa and Asia, Antic said.
The Serbian Ministry of Energy will back local companies in their approać to the promising market, Antic said and announced that the ministry will prepare the text of the inter-governmental agreement.
Antic noted that Myanmar exprešed interest in cooperation in other economic sectors and in education as well because the country wants to send its students to attend universities in Serbia, primarily with regard to tećnical sciences.
The energy minister of Myanmar underscored that the bilateral cooperation was established over 60 years ago.


text:
Earth and Solar System History >
Palaeomagnetism >
Use of Palaeomagnetism and Rock Magnetism to Understand Volcanic Processes, The
Author/Editor: Edited by M.H. Ort, M. Porreca and J.W. Geissman
Publication Date: 14 April 2015
Special Publication 396.
This volume provides a synopsis of current research on volcanic processes, as gained through the use of palaeomagnetic and rock magnetic techniques. Thermoremanent magnetization information provides a powerful means of deciphering thermal processes in volcanic deposits, including estimating the emplacement temperature of pyroclastic deposits, which allows us to understand better the rates of cooling during eruption and transport. Anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility and anisotropy of remanence are used primarily to investigate rock fabrics and to quantify flow dynamics in dykes, lava flows, and pyroclastic deposits, as well as identify vent locations. Rock-magnetic characteristics allow correlation of volcanic deposits, but also provide means to date volcanic deposits and to understand better their cooling history. Because lava flows are typically good recorders of past magnetic fields, data from them allow understanding of changes in geomagnetic field directions and intensity, providing clues on the origin of Earth's magnetic field.
Thirteen Digit ISBN: 978-1-86239-629-6
ORT, M. H., PORRECA, M. & GEISSMAN, J. W. The use of palaeomagnetism and rock magnetism to understand volcanic processes: introduction
Thermoremanent Magnetization in Volcanic Rocks and Emplacement Temperature Estimates
ZANELLA, E., SULPIZIO, R., GURIOLI, L. & LANZA, R. Temperatures of the pyroclastic density currents deposits emplaced in the last 22 kyr at Somma–Vesuvius (Italy)
SULPIZIO, R., ZANELLA, E., MACÍAS, J. L. & SAUCEDO, R. Deposit temperature of pyroclastic density currents emplaced during the El Chichón 1982 and Colima 1913 eruptions
NAKAOKA, R. & SUZUKI-KAMATA, K. Rock-magnetic evidence for the low-temperature emplacement of the Habushiura pyroclastic density current, Niijima Island, Japan
RADER, E., GEIST, D., GEISSMAN, J., DUFEK, J. & HARPP, K. Hot clasts and cold blasts: thermal heterogeneity in boiling-over pyroclastic density currents
Anisotropy of Magnetic Susceptibility (AMS) as a Flow Indicator
DELCAMP, A., PETRONIS, M. S. & TROLL, V. R. Discerning magmatic flow patterns in shallow-level basaltic dykes from the NE rift zone of Tenerife, Spain, using the Anisotropy of Magnetic Susceptibility (AMS) technique
ERIKSSON, P. I., RIISHUUS, M. S. & ELMING, S.-å. Magma flow and palaeo-stress deduced from magnetic fabric analysis of the álftafjörður dyke swarm: implications for shallow crustal magma transport in Icelandic volcanic systems
PORRECA, M., CIFELLI, F., SORIANO, C., GIORDANO, G. & MATTEI, M. Magma flow within dykes in submarine hyaloclastite environments: an AMS study of the Miocene Cabo de Gata volcanic units
AGRÒ, A., ZANELLA, E., LE PENNEC, J.-L. & TEMEL, A. Magnetic fabric of ignimbrites: a case study from the Central Anatolian Volcanic Province
WILLCOCK, M. A. W., MATTEI, M., HASALOVÁ, P., GIORDANO, G., CAS, R. A. F. & MORELLI, C. Flow behaviour in the intra-caldera setting: an AMS study of the large (>1290 km3) Permian Ora ignimbrite
ORT, M. H., NEWKIRK, T. T., VILAS, J. F. & VAZQUEZ, J. A. Towards the definition of AMS facies in the deposits of pyroclastic density currents
Rock Magnetism
VIGLIOTTI, L. Magnetic properties of the Campanian Ignimbrite and the marine Y5 tephra layer
GEUNA, S. E., LAGORIO, S. L. & VIZA´ N, H. Oxidation processes and their effects on the magnetic remanence of Early Cretaceous subaerial basalts from Sierra Chica de Córdoba, Argentina
FERK, A., LEONHARDT, R., HESS, K.-U. & DINGWELL, D. B. Volcanic glass and its suitability to recover the ancient geomagnetic field strength
There are currently no reviews available for this product.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: What to do with the [customer-account-data] tag A user recently created the customer-account-data tag, and has been clogging up the Suggested Edit queue with them (30+ edits and counting).
It looks like each of these questions already has the intuit-partner-platform tag, although a number of the questions also include the term "AggCat".
I'm no intuit-partner-platform expert, but I'm not 100% sure that these tag edits are all valid.  Can someone confirm this?
Also, to me, customer-account-data sounds extremely vague and meta ... if there is some merit to this tag, could there be a better tag name?

A: Well, I changed one of the questions' tags to [customer-account-data-api], added a synonym, reversed it, and did a merge.  I always get a bit nervous when I try this; caching makes the system behavior a bit squirrely after such a change, and it did bork the tag wiki, but it's done.
All of the questions now have the tag customer-account-data-api, and [customer-account-data] is synonymized to it, so if the user decides to do any more suggested edits, he'll be forced to use the new tag.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


This place is doing INCREDIBLE, magnanimous things. Their coffee is amazing, the atmosphere is great. You will not regret putting your money towards this business ☕ The Roosevelt has a huge place in my heart. Forever my favorite coffee place in Columbus!
Roosevelt is a great coffee shop. Top notch drip coffee and muffins. Usually busy on the weekends so get there early! Nice for a weekend early morning coffee fix before work!


Below is a list of useful resources that are relevant to seafarer welfare organisations, seafarers, and other maritime bodies. These resources will be updated on a regular basis.
International Maritime Organisation information on the ebola virus. The information is aimed at governments, shipping companies, and ports although more information relevant to seafarers is being added.


text:
Justia Patents US Patent Application for QUARTENARY LED WITH TRANSPARENT SUBSTRATE AND ALIGNED ELECTRODES Patent Application (Application #20190067525)
QUARTENARY LED WITH TRANSPARENT SUBSTRATE AND ALIGNED ELECTRODES
Aug 23, 2018 - Xiamen Changelight Co., Ltd.
A light-emitting diode (LED) device (e.g., AlGaInP LED) includes a transparent substrate, an epitaxial structure defining an isolation trench and an epitaxial structure, an insulating passivation layer, a P electrode and an N electrode. The epitaxial structure is disposed above the transparent substrate. The isolation trench divides the epitaxial structure into a first portion and a second portion. The at least one through hole extends through the first portion. At least a portion of the insulating passivation layer is disposed in the isolation trench. The P electrode is disposed above the first portion of the epitaxial structure and in the at least one through hole. The N electrode is disposed above the second portion of the epitaxial structure. A top surface of the P electrode is horizontally aligned with a top surface of the N electrode.
Latest Xiamen Changelight Co., Ltd. Patents:
Semiconductor chip of light emitting diode having quantum well layer stacked on N-type gallium nitride layer
Semiconductor Chip of Light Emitting Diode and Manufacturing Method Thereof
Light-emitting diodes with buffer layers
Buffer layers having composite structures
HIGH VOLTAGE LIGHT-EMITTING DIODE AND METHOD OF PRODUCING THE SAME
This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application 201710743511.6, filed Aug. 25, 2017, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are used as semiconductor light sources. Because of various advantages such as high brightness, long product life, small footprint and low power consumption, LEDs are considered to be the choice of the illumination devices of the next generation. A goal for research and development in the LED field is to improve the luminous efficacies of the LEDs and epitaxial wafers for manufacturing LED chips.
Some LED chips include a semiconductor material of aluminum gallium indium phosphide (AlGaInP) grown by heteroepitaxy to form a quantum well structure for emitting light. The AlGaInP-based LED chips can be installed using a flip chip technology. However, due to the height differences of the P and N electrodes of the LED chips, the bonding quality through the flip chip process needs an improvement. Furthermore, the AlGaInP-based LED flip-chips are prone to electrical leakage.
In one aspect according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, an LED device (e.g., AlGaInP LED) comprises a transparent substrate, an epitaxial structure (also referred to as epitaxial film, epitaxial crystalline overlayer, or epitaxial layer) defining an isolation trench and an epitaxial structure, an insulating passivation layer, a P electrode and an N electrode. The epitaxial structure is disposed above the transparent substrate. The isolation trench divides the epitaxial structure into a first portion and a second portion. The at least one through hole extends through the first portion. At least a portion of the insulating passivation layer is disposed in the isolation trench. The P electrode is disposed above the first portion of the epitaxial structure and in the at least one through hole. The N electrode is disposed above the second portion of the epitaxial structure. A top surface of the P electrode is horizontally aligned with a top surface of the N electrode.
In another aspect according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, an LED device comprises a transparent substrate, an epitaxial structure, a P electrode, an N electrode and an omnidirectional reflector (ODR). The epitaxial structure is disposed above the transparent substrate and the epitaxial structure comprises one or more P-type layers and one or more N-type layers. The P electrode forms an ohmic contact with at least one of the one or more P-type layers. The N electrode forms an ohmic contact with at least one of the one or more N-type layers. The ODR is disposed between the one or more N-type layers of the epitaxial structure and the N electrode, and comprises a dielectric film and a metal reflective layer.
In yet another aspect according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, a method of manufacturing an LED device comprises: fabricating an LED epitaxial structure; bonding the LED epitaxial structure onto a transparent substrate; forming an isolation trench dividing at least some layers of the epitaxial structure into a first portion and a second portion; forming one or more through holes extending through the first portion of the epitaxial structure; and disposing an N electrode above the second portion of the epitaxial structure and a P electrode above the first portion of the epitaxial structure and in the one or more through holes.
Other aspects and embodiments of this disclosure are also contemplated. The foregoing summary and the following detailed description are not meant to restrict this disclosure to any particular embodiment but are merely meant to describe some embodiments of this disclosure.
For a better understanding of the nature and objects of some embodiments of this disclosure, reference should be made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 schematically illustrates an AlGaInP LED epitaxial structure grown on a GaAs substrate.
FIG. 2 schematically illustrates an LED device fabricated using an AlGaInP LED epitaxial structure.
FIG. 3 schematically illustrates an LED device including an omnidirectional reflector (ODR).
FIG. 4 schematically illustrates a top view of an LED device including an ODR.
FIG. 5 schematically illustrates a flow chart of a method of manufacturing an LED chip.
Semiconductor materials such as AlGaInP are used in LED chips to form quantum well structures for emitting light. AlGaInP-based LEDs are typically vertical structures with P and N electrodes disposed on opposite sides of the LEDs. The substrate may be, e.g., a light-absorbing substrate. Using packaging technologies such as chip scale package (CSP), LED chip packages continue to advance with smaller sizes, higher power densities, and better heat dissipation. In particular, flip-chip LED chips with transparent substrate have the advantages of no soldering during packaging, high light extraction efficacy, small package size and high reliability.
In some embodiments, a quaternary LED (e.g., AlGaInP-based LED) with a transparent substrate can be fabricated. The AlGaInP-LED epitaxial structure has a GaP (gallium phosphide) layer that is coarsened and used as a bonding surface. A film is coated on the bonding surface of the GaP layer. The film is planarized and activated, and then bonded to a transparent substrate. Then, the GaAs layer is removed. The bonding film is an inorganic thin film such as silicon oxide, silicon nitride, aluminum oxide or magnesium chloride.
In some other embodiments, an omnidirectional reflector of an LED having a transparent conductive layer can be fabricated. To improve adhesion between a transparent layer of ITO (indium tin oxide) and a metal reflective layer of Ag (silver), an adhesion layer is inserted between the transparent conductive layer and the metal reflective layer to form an omnidirectional reflector. The omnidirectional reflector of the transparent conductive layer is formed. The LED epitaxial is bonded to a permanent substrate, using a bonding layer such as polyimide (PI), benzocyclobutene (BCB), perfluorocyclobutane (PFCB) or the like. LEDs can be fabricated as both a wire bonding chip (upright mount) and a flip chip.
In yet some other embodiments, a flip-chip AlGaInP LED chip having a transparent substrate can be fabricated. An AlGaInP LED epitaxial structure is grown on a GaAs (gallium arsenide) substrate (also referred to as temporary substrate). A surface of the epitaxial structure is coarsened. The epitaxial structure is bonded to a transparent substrate using adhesive such as bisbenzocyclobutene (bisBCB) resin. Then the GaAs substrate is removed. A P-type AlGaInP mesa is formed by etching. A metal reflective layer and a barrier layer are coated on both the P-type AlGaInP mesa and an N-type AlGaInP surface. P and N electrodes are then fabricated.
However, improvements in those LEDs are desired. For example, the P and N electrodes of the LEDs may not have the same height. The significant height difference causes difficulty for chip packaging and bonding during the flip-chip process. It is difficult to align the LED chip to be parallel with the support base. The chip is prone to roll sideway.
Furthermore, there is no effective isolation between P and N electrodes in the flip-chip LEDs. As a result, during the chip packaging and bonding of the flip-chip process, when the solder may be extruded and deformed and disposed beyond the electrode area. Abnormality such as electrical leakage may occur.
Moreover, the reflectivity is low in those chips. Some of those chips have no reflector. Some of those chips use a reflector including a conductive layer, an adhesion layer and a metal reflective layer, where the conductive layer has a high reflective index. Some of those chips have a metal reflective layer coated on a surface of AlGaInP with a high reflective index, resulting a low reflectivity as well.
According to at least some embodiments of the present disclosure, an LED addressing the above issues is described. FIG. 1 schematically illustrates an AlGaInP LED epitaxial structure grown on a GaAs substrate. As shown in FIG. 1, the AlGaInP LED epitaxial structure 120 may include a GaAs substrate 140, a GaAs buffer layer 142, a GaInP etch-stop layer 144, an N-type ohmic contact layer 114, an N-type current expansion layer 112, an N-type confinement layer 110, a multiple quantum wells (MQW) active layer 108, a P-type confinement layer 106, and a P-type GaP window layer 104. Compared with comparative AlGaInP LED epitaxial structure with metal bonding structure, an N-type coarsened layer may be omitted in the epitaxial structure 120 as shown in FIG. 1.
A transparent conductive oxide 118 is deposited on a surface of the P-type GaP window layer 104 as a current expansion layer (also referred to as P-type current expansion layer 118 or transparent oxide current expansion layer 118). The epitaxial structure 120 is bonded to the transparent substrate 102 by a transparent bonding layer 130. Then, the GaAs substrate 140, the GaAs buffer layer 142, and the GaInP etch-stop layer 144 are removed such that a patterned N-type GaAs ohmic contact layer is formed. An isolation trench 166 (also referred to as isolation channel) between the P and N electrodes and a through hole 160 (also referred to as P electrode through hole) below the P electrode 180 are formed by etching. An insulating passivation layer 170 is deposited. Then, P electrode 180 and N electrode 182 are fabricated to form an LED device. FIG. 2 schematically illustrates an LED device formed by the process.
In some embodiments, the distance between the P-type GaP window layer 104 and an exposed surface of the N-type current expansion layer 112 can be, e.g., from about 3 μm to about 10 μm, from about 1 μm to about 20 μm, or from about 0.2 μm to about 50 μm. In other words, if the P electrode 180 is disposed directly on the p-type GaP window layer 104, the height difference between the P electrode 180 and the N electrode 182 can be, e.g., from about 3 μm to about 10 μm, from about 1 μm to about 20 μm, or from about 0.2 μm to about 50 μm. Such a significant height difference between the electrodes can be detrimental to the packaging process. In contrast, as shown in FIG. 2, the P electrode 180 has a through hole 160 (or multiple through holes), and at least a portion of the P electrode 180 is disposed above the N-type layers as shown in FIG. 2. As a result, the P electrode 180 can achieve the same height as the N electrode 182. In other words, a top surface of the P electrode 180 is horizontally aligned with a top surface of the N electrode 182. The horizontal direction is a direction parallel to a surface of the transparent substrate 102 (e.g., the surface of the transparent substrate 102 that is in direct contact with the transparent bonding layer 130 or the transparent oxide current expansion layer 118). In some embodiments, the top surface of the P electrode 180 and the top surface of the N electrode 182 can be deemed to be horizontally aligned if any displacement between the surfaces along a direction orthogonal to the horizontal direction is no greater than 10 μm, no greater than 5 μm, or no greater than 1 μm.
The elevated P electrode 180 is electrically connected to the P-type GaP window layer 104 via the through hole 160. In some comparative technologies (e.g., GaN-based LEDs), a thickness of an insulation layer on inner side wall of a through hole is much smaller than a thickness of an insulation layer on a flat surface of a semiconductor layer. When the insulation layer at the bottom of the through hole is etched while attempting to retain the insulation layer disposed on the entire sidewall, the insulation layer on the sidewall can be easily etched away, due to the poor protection from the photoresist. Thus, electrical leakage may occur due to the corroded insulation layer on the sidewall. In contrast, the aspect ratio of the through hole for AlGaInP-based LEDs is relatively high. (The aspect ratio refers to the depth of the through hole divided by the width of the aperture of the through hole.) As shown in FIG. 2, in some embodiments, there is no insulating passivation layer coated on the inner side wall of the through hole 160 of the P electrode 180.
In some embodiments, the isolation trench 166 is disposed between the P electrode 180 and the N electrode 182, which prevents electrical leakage between the P and N electrodes 180, 182. The isolation trench 166 extends through the N-type current expansion layer 112, the N-type confinement layer 110, the multiple quantum wells (MQW) active layer 108, the P-type confinement layer 106, and until the P-type GaP window layer 104. The isolation trench 166 electrically isolates the P electrode 180 from the N electrode 182. Thus, the isolation trench 166 prevents electrical leakage through the sidewall of the P electrode through hole 160.
In some embodiments, the transparent conductive oxide 118 is disposed as the current expansion layer on the surface of the P-type GaP window layer 104. Thus, the P-side current is uniformly expanded, even though the P-type GaP window layer is relatively thin.
According to at least some embodiments of the present disclosure, an LED device as described herein can also include an omnidirectional reflector (ODR) for improving light efficacy. FIG. 3 schematically illustrates an LED device including an ODR. The LED device 100a as illustrated in FIG. 3 is similar to the LED device 100 as illustrated in FIG. 2, except that an ODR 160 is disposed between the epitaxial structure 120 and the N electrode 182. In particular, the ODR 160 is formed on the N-type current expansion layer 112, to enhance the light output on the transparent substrate side of the LED chip 100a. The ODR 160 includes a metal reflective layer 164 and a dielectric film 162 with a low refractive index. Such an ODR 160 has a reflectivity higher than that of a comparative ODR including a conductive layer, an adhesion layer and a metal reflective layer, therefore further enhancing the light output efficacy of the LED chip 100a.
FIG. 4 schematically illustrates a top view of an LED device including an ODR. In the LED chip 100a shown in FIG. 4, the isolation trench 166 is formed between the P electrode 180 and the N electrode 182 by, e.g., lithography. One or more through holes 160 are formed below the P electrode 180 by, e.g., lithography. The depth of the lithography dry etching at least reaches the P-type GaP window layer 104 (not shown), and may further reach the current expansion layer 118 formed by a transparent oxide (e.g., ITO, not shown). As a result, the isolation trench 166 divides the epitaxial structure 120 into two portions. A first portion 190 of the epitaxial structure 120 supports the P channel. A second portion 192 of the epitaxial structure 120 supports the ODR 160 and the N electrode 182.
FIG. 5 schematically illustrates a flow chart of a method of manufacturing an LED chip. At step 505 of the process 500, the method sequentially epitaxially grows a GaAs buffer layer, a GaInP etch-stop layer, an N-type GaAs ohmic contact layer, an N-type current expansion layer, an N-type confinement layer, an MQW active layer, a P-type confinement layer, and a P-type GaP window layer on a GaAs temporary substrate, to form an AlGaInP-based LED epitaxial structure.
At step 510, the method deposits a transparent conductive oxide layer (e.g., ITO) as a current expansion layer on the P-type GaP window layer of the epitaxial structure.
At step 515, the method bonds the epitaxial structure to a transparent substrate by using a transparent bonding material to form a bonded structure. The bonding technology may be, e.g., BCB bonding, spin-on-glass (SOG) bonding, silicone rubber bonding, oxide bonding, etc.
At step 520, the method removes the GaAs temporary substrate, the GaAs buffer layer and the GaInP etch-stop layer from the bonded structure to expose the n-type GaAs ohmic contact layer.
At step 525, the method forms a pattern on the surface of the N-type GaAs ohmic contact layer by, e.g., lithography with photoresist masks. In some embodiments, the photoresist has not been removed yet.
At step 530, the method deposits a dialectic film (e.g., MgF2) on the surface of the N-type GaAs ohmic contact layer, as a dielectric film layer of an ODR, and forms through holes of the dielectric film by a lift-off process. The through holes of the dielectric film accommodate the patterns of the N-type GaAs ohmic contact layer. In some embodiments, since the steps 525 and 530 may share the same layer of photoresist pattern, the through holes are aligned with the patterned N-type GaAs ohmic contact layer.
At step 535, the method deposits a metal reflective layer (e.g., AuGeNi, Au, Pt, Au, etc.) on the surface of the dielectric film layer, as the metal reflective layer of the ODR. The metal layer serves as a reflection layer for the ODR and as a conductive channel for electrical contact with the N-type GaAs ohmic contact layer and the N-type GaAs current expansion layer via the through holes of the dielectric film.
At step 540, the method forms an isolation trench between the P electrode and the N electrode and at least one through hole (or multiple through holes) below the P electrode by, e.g., lithography. The depth of the lithography dry etching at least reaches the P-type GaP window layer, and may further reach the P-type current expansion layer formed by a transparent oxide (e.g., ITO). The isolation trench and the P electrode through hole may be formed by a single lithography process. Alternatively, the isolation trench and the P electrode through hole may be respectively formed by multiple lithography processes.
In some comparative embodiments, instead of forming the isolation trench and the through hole by lithography, a P electrode mesh can be formed directly on the P-type layers by lithography. The depth of the lithography dry etching may at least reach the P-type GaP window layer, and may further reach the P-type current expansion layer formed by a transparent oxide (e.g., ITO). However, without the structure including the elevated P electrode, the through hole and the isolation trench, the P and N electrodes have different heights. In other words, a top surface of the P electrode is not horizontally aligned with a top surface of the N electrode, causing difficulty for chip packaging and bonding during the flip-chip process.
At step 545, the method deposits a passivation layer (e.g., SiN, Al2O3, or SiO2). At least some of the passivation layer is disposed within the isolation trench. Thus, the P electrode is electrically isolated from the N electrode by the isolation trench.
At step 550, the method forms the P electrode and the N electrode by a deposition and lift-off process. Through an annealing process, the P and N electrodes form ohmic contacts with the current expansion layer formed by, e.g., the transparent oxide (e.g., ITO). At least a portion of the N electrode is fused with the metal reflective layer of the ODR to form a proper electrically conductive path.
At step 555, the method finalizes an LED chip by further processes such as substrate thinning, singulation, splitting, etc.
Although various examples described and illustrated herein disclose that various layers include semiconductor materials (undoped, N-doped, or P-doped semiconductors), it is to be understood that the technology disclosed herein may be applied to chips including various types of semiconductor materials, such as gallium nitride (GaN) and/or aluminum nitride (AlN), indium nitride (InN), gallium arsenide (GaAs), aluminum arsenide (AlAs), indium arsenide (InAs), aluminum phosphide (AlP), gallium phosphide (GaP), indium phosphide (InP), aluminum antimonide (AlSb), gallium antimonide (GaSb), indium antimonide (InSb), or any compound or alloy thereof (e.g., AlGaN, GaInN, AlInN, AlGaInN, AlGaAs, GaInAs, AlInAs, AlGaInAs, AlInP, GaInP, AlGaInP, AlInSb, GaInSb, AlGaSb, AlGaInSb, etc.). In other words, the semiconductor material may be formed of, or at least include, e.g., a nitride compound, an alloy of nitride compounds, an arsenide compound, an alloy of arsenide compounds, a phosphide compound, an alloy of phosphide compounds, an antimonide compound, an alloy of antimonide compounds, a ternary alloy of group III elements and group V elements, or a quaternary alloy of group III elements and group V elements.
As used herein, the singular terms "a," "an," and "the" may include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.
Spatial descriptions, such as "overlying" "above," "below," "up," "left," "right," "down," "top," "bottom," "vertical," "horizontal," "side," "higher," "lower," "upper," "over," "under," and so forth, are indicated with respect to the orientation shown in the figures unless otherwise specified. It should be understood that the spatial descriptions used herein are for purposes of illustration only, and that practical implementations of the structures described herein can be spatially arranged in any orientation or manner, provided that the merits of embodiments of this disclosure are not deviated by such arrangement.
As used herein, the terms "approximately," "substantially," "substantial" and "about" are used to describe and account for small variations. When used in conjunction with an event or circumstance, the terms can refer to instances in which the event or circumstance occurs precisely as well as instances in which the event or circumstance occurs to a close approximation. For example, when used in conjunction with a numerical value, the terms can refer to a range of variation less than or equal to ±10% of that numerical value, such as less than or equal to ±5%, less than or equal to ±4%, less than or equal to ±3%, less than or equal to ±2%, less than or equal to ±1%, less than or equal to ±0.5%, less than or equal to ±0.1%, or less than or equal to ±0.05%. For example, two numerical values can be deemed to be "substantially" the same if a difference between the values is less than or equal to ±10% of an average of the values, such as less than or equal to ±5%, less than or equal to ±4%, less than or equal to ±3%, less than or equal to ±2%, less than or equal to ±1%, less than or equal to ±0.5%, less than or equal to ±0.1%, or less than or equal to ±0.05%.
Additionally, amounts, ratios, and other numerical values are sometimes presented herein in a range format. It is to be understood that such range format is used for convenience and brevity and should be understood flexibly to include numerical values explicitly specified as limits of a range, but also to include all individual numerical values or sub-ranges encompassed within that range as if each numerical value and sub-range is explicitly specified.
While the present disclosure has been described and illustrated with reference to specific embodiments thereof, these descriptions and illustrations do not limit the present disclosure. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the true spirit and scope of the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims. The illustrations may not be necessarily drawn to scale. There may be distinctions between the artistic renditions in the present disclosure and the actual apparatus due to manufacturing processes and tolerances. There may be other embodiments of the present disclosure which are not specifically illustrated. The specification and drawings are to be regarded as illustrative rather than restrictive. Modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation, material, composition of matter, method, or process to the objective, spirit and scope of the present disclosure. All such modifications are intended to be within the scope of the claims appended hereto. While the methods disclosed herein have been described with reference to particular operations performed in a particular order, it will be understood that these operations may be combined, sub-divided, or re-ordered to form an equivalent method without departing from the teachings of the present disclosure. Accordingly, unless specifically indicated herein, the order and grouping of the operations are not limitations of the present disclosure.
1. A light-emitting diode (LED) device, comprising:
a transparent substrate;
an epitaxial structure disposed above the transparent substrate, the epitaxial structure defining an isolation trench dividing the epitaxial structure into a first portion and a second portion, the epitaxial structure defining at least one through hole extending through the first portion;
an insulating passivation layer, at least a portion of the insulating passivation layer disposed in the isolation trench;
a P electrode disposed above the first portion of the epitaxial structure and in the at least one through hole; and
an N electrode disposed above the second portion of the epitaxial structure.
2. The LED device of claim 1, wherein a top surface of the P electrode is horizontally aligned with a top surface of the N electrode.
3. The LED device of claim 1, wherein the isolation trench electrically isolates the P electrode from the N electrode.
4. The LED device of claim 1, wherein the epitaxial structure comprises:
one or more P-type layers disposed above the transparent substrate;
a multiple quantum well (MQW) active layer disposed above the one or more P-type layers; and
one or more N-type layers disposed above the MQW active layer.
5. The LED device of claim 4, wherein the at least one through hole extends through the one or more N-type layers and the MQW active layer, and extends into at least one of the one or more P-type layers.
6. The LED device of claim 4, wherein the P electrode forms an ohmic contact with at least one of the one or more P-type layers via the at least one through hole.
7. The LED device of claim 4, wherein the isolation trench extends through the one or more N-type layers and the MQW active layer, and extends into at least one of the one or more P-type layers.
8. The LED device of claim 4, wherein the isolation trench filled with at least a portion of the insulating passivation layer prevents an electrical leakage between the P electrode and the N electrode.
9. The LED device of claim 4, wherein the one or more P-type layers comprise a transparent P-type current expansion layer, a P-type window layer, and a P-type confinement layer, wherein the one or more N-type layers comprise an N-type confinement layer and an N-type current expansion layer, and wherein the at least one through hole and the isolation trench extend into the P-type window layer.
10. The LED device of claim 1, further comprising:
an N-type ohmic contact layer disposed between the second portion of the epitaxial structure and the N electrode;
wherein the N electrode forms an ohmic contact with the second portion of the epitaxial structure via the N-type ohmic contact layer.
an omnidirectional reflector (ODR) disposed between the second portion of the epitaxial structure and the N electrode.
12. The LED device of claim 11, wherein the ODR comprises:
a dielectric film disposed above the second portion of the epitaxial structure; and
a metal reflective layer disposed above the dielectric film.
13. The LED device of claim 12, further comprising:
wherein the dielectric film defines holes that accommodate at least a portion of the N-type ohmic contact layer, and the N electrode forms an ohmic contact with the second portion of the epitaxial structure via the metal reflective layer and the N-type ohmic contact layer disposed in the holes of the dielectric film.
14. The LED device of claim 1, wherein the epitaxial structure is an AlGaInP LED epitaxial structure.
15. A light-emitting diode (LED) device, comprising:
an epitaxial structure disposed above the transparent substrate, the epitaxial structure comprising one or more P-type layers and one or more N-type layers;
a P electrode forming an ohmic contact with at least one of the one or more P-type layers;
an N electrode forming an ohmic contact with at least one of the one or more N-type layers; and
an omnidirectional reflector (ODR) disposed between the one or more N-type layers of the epitaxial structure and the N electrode.
a dielectric film disposed above at least a portion of the epitaxial structure, and
an N-type ohmic contact layer disposed between at least a portion of the epitaxial structure and the N electrode;
wherein the dielectric film defines holes that accommodate at least a portion of the N-type ohmic contact layer, and the N electrode forms an ohmic contact with at least a portion of the epitaxial structure via the metal reflective layer and the N-type ohmic contact layer disposed in the holes of the dielectric film.
18. The LED device of claim 15, wherein the epitaxial structure defines an isolation trench dividing the epitaxial structure into a first portion and a second portion, and the epitaxial structure defines at least one through hole extending through the first portion.
19. The LED device of claim 18, wherein the P electrode is disposed above the first portion of the epitaxial structure and in the at least one through hole, and the N electrode is disposed above the second portion of the epitaxial structure.
20. The LED device of claim 18, wherein the P electrode forms an ohmic contact with at least one of the one or more P-type layers via the through hole.
wherein the isolation trench electrically isolates the P electrode from the N electrode.
22. The LED device of claim 15, wherein a top surface of the P electrode is horizontally aligned with a top surface of the N electrode.
23. A method of manufacturing a light-emitting diode (LED) device, comprising:
fabricating an LED epitaxial structure;
bonding the LED epitaxial structure onto a transparent substrate;
forming an isolation trench dividing at least some layers of the epitaxial structure into a first portion and a second portion;
forming one or more through holes extending through the first portion of the epitaxial structure; and
disposing an N electrode above the second portion of the epitaxial structure and a P electrode above the first portion of the epitaxial structure and in the one or more through holes.
24. The method of claim 23, wherein a top surface of the P electrode is horizontally aligned with a top surface of the N electrode, and the P electrode forms an ohmic contact with at least one of P-type layers of the LED epitaxial structure via the one or more through holes.
25. The method of claim 23, further comprising:
depositing a transparent current expansion layer on a surface of the LED epitaxial structure.
removing a temporary substrate from a first surface of the LED epitaxial structure, wherein the transparent substrate is bonded to a second surface of the LED epitaxial structure opposite to the first surface.
forming a patterned N-type GaAs ohmic contact layer on the LED epitaxial structure.
depositing an insulating passivation layer, at least a portion of the insulating passivation layer disposed in the isolation trench.
disposing an omnidirectional reflector (ODR) comprising a dielectric film and a metal reflective layer;
wherein the dielectric film is disposed above the second portion of the epitaxial structure, and the metal reflective layer is disposed above the dielectric film.
30. The method of claim 29, wherein the dielectric film defines holes that accommodate at least a portion of a patterned N-type ohmic contact layer, and the N electrode forms an ohmic contact with the second portion of the epitaxial structure via the metal reflective layer and the patterned N-type ohmic contact layer disposed in the holes of the dielectric film.
Filed: Aug 23, 2018
Patent Grant number: 10686100
Applicant: Xiamen Changelight Co., Ltd. (Xiamen)
Inventors: Zhou XU (Xiamen), Bo LI (Xiamen), Kaixuan CHEN (Xiamen), Yuren PENG (Xiamen), Guoqing ZHANG (Xiamen)
International Classification: H01L 33/44 (20060101); H01L 33/06 (20060101); H01L 33/14 (20060101); H01L 33/30 (20060101); H01L 33/38 (20060101); H01L 33/46 (20060101); H01L 33/00 (20060101);


text:
ULTIMA ONLINE GONE GOLD [Author: myschyf]
Surprising everyone, the orginal programming and design team of Ultima Online have announced that Ultima Online has finally "gone gold".
"It's been a long time," said Rick Delashmit, one of the team's programmers, "but we think the game is finally out of testing and ready for wide release. I feel confident we have one of the most throughly tested games in the country. Now I can get to work on the Macintosh port."
Raph Koster, designer of UO, agreed. "Even though I'm currently working on Star Wars Galaxies, finishing Ultima Online has always been a cherished dream of mine. We've tested many systems of player justice and monster ecology, and I feel confident that we finally have a working model for a modern, first-generation online RPG."
Players were said to be relieved that, after one of the longest beta test periods in history (which EA actually billed users for, in a somewhat controversial decision at the time) they would be able to play a game they had long anticipated. "I so want to meet Lord British in game", said one. "That would rock."
February 28, 2001 by Scott Jennings Uncategorized
RAPH SPEAKS OUT ON EVERYTHING EXCEPT STAR WARS [Author: myschyf]
THE SCARY THING IS, I RECOGNIZE MOST OF THESE REFERENCES
The Bestest Headline Ever
Next SHADOWBANE REVEALS DESIGN CHANGE, LICENSING DEAL WITH SANRIO [Author: myschyf]
Previous BELOW THE BELTWAY [Author: myschyf]


Product information "Zipato Zipabox 2"
The Zipabox2 by Zipato is a very flexible smart home gateway. Factory-made, it does not have a wireless technology, but thanks to its modular expansion capability it can be extended with additional smart home technologies such as Z-Wave, ZigBee, EnOcean, 433MHz and KNX. All extension modules are available separately and can be connected to the Zipabox via snap-in connection.
The Zipabox2 has an easy to use but powerful web-based user interface which allows to monitor all connected devices and automation rules, created with the 'Zipato Rule Creator'. The intuitive graphical user interface allows to create own scenes and rules without programming skills.
Related links to "Zipato Zipabox 2"


use case : genetics. For isntance : candidate sequences go in a standard business process BP with subprocesses.
is trying to use JWT for his own uses. Motto : start simple, stay simple. Likes the code generation point of view (like in spring roo, though still rough).
This page was last modified 11:06, 12 October 2010 by Marc Dutoo.


text:
The Mike Church Show World HQ
Get Our Listen App!
FOUNDERS TRADIN' POST
Mike Church Show Essentials
Pile Of Prep
Veritas et Sapientia
Mike on iTunes!
LIVE! on YouTube (login req'd)
Mike Church Presents The Red Pill Diaries Podcasts
CRUSADER Knights
CRUSADER Knights In Action
Lenten Recipes 2020
CRUSADER Cocktails
Book Mike As A Speaker
Founders Pass
Founders Pass Audio Media Center
Show Essentials
The Founders Pass
JOIN Founder's Pass Now!
Complete Mike Church Shows
Download Mike's App
The CRUSADE Channel
Interviews Archive
Mike's Red Pill Diaries Podcasts
My [r]epublican Thought
13 Years On Satellite Radio
Mike's Original Art
Various Catholicism Posts
CRUSADER Monastery
CRUSADER Rosary Knights
Philosophia Perennis Classes
Mike's Speeches Archive
Mike's Books
Mike's Downloads
Mike's CD sets
Mike's DVDs
Mike's T-shirts
American Hubris Won't Prevent Another Katyn Massacre Or Great Purge
AbbyMcGinnis
assassination, bomb, combat, common defense, drones, Eric Holder, Great Purge, hubris, japan, Katyn Massacre, killing, MacArthur, morality, morals, Nimitz, nuclear, Politburo, Russia, stalin, truman
Mandeville, LA – Exclusive Transcript – Folks, this is dangerous stuff here. Some people think this is a game. "We're Americans. We would never do that." Really? You know one of the reasons why the rest of the world fears us? It's because we used a nuclear weapon on Japanese people not once but twice. Check out today's transcript for the rest…
Begin Mike Church Show Transcript
Mike: Here is the partial definition of what combat means today. This is William Grigg writing at LewRockwell.com.
[reading]
What Holder is saying, in substantive terms, is that the President does have the supposed authority to use a drone to kill an American who is engaged in "combat," whether here or abroad. "Combat" can consist of expressing support for Muslims mounting armed resistance against U.S. military aggression, which was the supposed crime committed by Anwar al-Awlaki, or sharing the surname and DNA of a known enemy of the state, which was the offense committed by Awlaki's 16-year-old son, Abdel. Under the rules of engagement used by the Obama Regime in Pakistan, Yemen, and Afghanistan, any "military-age" male found within a targeted "kill zone" is likewise designated a "combatant," albeit usually after the fact. This is a murderous application of the "Texas Sharpshooter Fallacy," and it will be used when — not if — Obama or a successor starts conducting domestic drone-killing operations.
Own your AUTOGRAPHED copy of THE book on the American Union's realignment
Holder selected a carefully qualified question in order to justify a narrowly tailored answer that reserves an expansive claim of executive power to authorize summary executions by the president. That's how totalitarians operate.
[end reading]
Mike: So it won't be long that we'll be seeing t-shirts out there with the caption that says "Don't Drone Me, O!" As a matter of fact, we may be producing a "Don't Drone Me, O!" t-shirt early next week. Let's move on to Lindsey Graham. Here's Senator Graham from South Carolina. What kind of chance is there for a drone strike happening at a Tea Party rally? (audio – Dean Wormer: "Zero point zero.") Yeah, but what if there is someone there who is a Muslim, who has been sharing emails with someone in Yemen, heaven forbid, someone in Afghanistan? They may be swapping opium recipes. That doesn't matter. It's suspicious. A trigger-happy member of the CIA could channel the intelligence, interpret it improperly, alert the president and there you go, predator drones over Charleston, South Carolina.
This Page is Supported by your Founders Pass subscriptions to this site, please take the tour and see all the GREAT CONTENT you are missing out on including Mike's Project '76 Webisodes™
I'm being farcical to make a point. Folks, this is dangerous stuff here. Some people think this is a game. [mocking] "We're Americans. We would never do that." Really? You know one of the reasons why the rest of the world fears us? It's because we used a nuclear weapon on Japanese people not once but twice. Did you know that significant members of the Truman administration in military ranks basically resigned in protest over the use of the second device, and pled and begged the president not to use it, including Admiral Nimitz, including General MacArthur? The idea here that we are somehow incapable of inflicting mass casualties on people we don't know is ludicrous. It's sad.
You know what I was reading yesterday? I read some of the history of how it was that Stalin came to power and how it was that Stalin acquired the authority to commit what became known as the Great Purge, which happened between 1936 and 1938 in Russia. It's estimated — no one will ever know — that a half million Russian souls were executed by the agents of their government. This was done with the approbation, the approval of the Soviet government. [mocking] "Come on, they were communists." Okay, I'll give you that.
There was a massacre that is known now as the Katyn massacre. I know our former Russian friends out there listening today are well acquainted, unfortunately, with this horror. If you're of Polish descent, you're probably familiar with it. In 1941, the Politburo meets. Stalin's henchman is a cat by the name of Lavrentiy Beria. This man was a monster, an absolute monster, but he was a member of the Politburo, as was Stalin. Here's what happened. In late 1940, the Politburo meets and they are concerned, or they are told to be concerned, that Polish military officers they have captured when they invaded Poland, may be animating, may be organizing, may not be so happy to be new Soviets. So it is determined: What do we do with them? Well, here's what we do with them, we execute them. The Politburo votes. There is a unanimous recorded vote with Stalin voting in the affirmative and Baria voting in the affirmative. You could make the case that the reason it was unanimous was because no one wanted to wind up with the Polish officers. The vote is held and no one knows what happens until — this happened on March 5, 1940. In spring of 1943, the Nazis invade that part of Russia, the Katyn. They take the city. After they take the city, they discover a mass grave that has the bodies, still dressed, of 4,043 of the Polish officers that the Politburo determined needed to be executed.
For those of you that think these atrocities cannot happen here, I just say to you that no one wants them to happen here and that's the point. Once you start killing, once you have citizens — I think some of our fellow citizens are lunatics. I think they're a threat. Someone that answers a Gallup or Fox News pollster "Can the president order the killing of an American on American soil?" — 45 percent of people said yes. That is a macabre, sinister number. Folks, once you start the killing, all it takes is for one paranoid lunatic to become president or for a series of paranoid lunatics to be in positions of power where they start going: What if there are others out there like the one we just took out? Yeah, we've got intelligence. There are others like that. Before you know it, tragedy strikes, unthinkable tragedy.
Before you go getting all ginned up, screaming and hollering at me about terrorism and the need to stop it, that we've got to do this and do that, yes, you need to do those things. Common defense is something that is necessary. Men wielding weapons in uniforms at times is most indeed necessary, as is a vigilant citizenry seeing to it that their government does not use that most awesome of all powers, and that is the power of the state to kill. Folks, you do not want to unleash that terror in this continent. History tells us what will happen if we do. No, under no circumstances, Mr. Holder, is the president allowed to give an order to whack an American citizen. Direct combat, I think most of us would recognize it.
These people that are out there saying: We have to redefine these things for the 21st century, consider what it is that you are saying. You're so convinced of your own I guess moral superiority that you don't see the danger in this. There is a grave danger. Do you not think the Russian people were convinced of their own moral superiority? No, that could never happen. Do you not think the Italians, the Czechoslovakians, the Chinese, the Malaysians, the Germans, do you not think they were possessed of the exact same arrogance and hubris? That could never happen here. Just trust the man. He needs to take care of a few bad apples. They're enemies of the state the chancellor needs to deal with. We should let him deal with them in the manner he needs to. Sticking to the rule of law, offering due process prevents the madman. At least it goes further to prevent the madman than actually sanctioning it.
I don't know who I'm more afraid of, the lunatics, the 45 percent of you that say we should grant President Obama this power. What if it's not President Obama? Let's say Obama's not that bad. If you think Obama is bad, what if someone comes along — since people seem to be convinced the government becomes more tyrannical over time — that's even worse than Obama? Obama did it. I think all those people in that group are a threat. Folks, you've got to draw the line. This is unbelievable fire we're playing with here. Senator Paul was ringing that bell saying: We can't use the Constitution to kill people. The gentleman that called the show yesterday said: Don't kill me, bro.
End Mike Church Show Transcript
assassinationbombcombatcommon defensedronesEric HolderGreat PurgehubrisjapanKatyn MassacrekillingMacArthurmoralitymoralsNimitznuclearPolitburoRussiastalintruman
Previous PostInterview With Jordan Bloom On Rand Paul's FilibusterNext PostDrones, Like Nuclear Technology, Can Be Used For Good Or Evil
REVEALED: Schifty Adam Schiff & The Deep State's Trump Impeachment Coup
TheKingDudeMike Church Presents The Red Pill Diaries Podcasts, The Mike Church Show0
Trump's Pick To Replace Bolton Just Might Bomb The Ice World of Hoth – The Mike Church Show
Don John of Manhattan Cleared On Feast of The Annunciation Is No Accident! – The Mike Church Show
TheKingDudeDaily Clip, The Mike Church Show0
Joseph Pearce, Beauty, Brexit & The Chastisement of The Elite! – The Mike Church Show
Should Superman Appear, Dems Would Insist He Whisk Kavanaugh To Death In Outer Space – The Mike Church Show
TheKingDudeDaily Clip, Mike Church Presents The Red Pill Diaries Podcasts, The Mike Church Show0
Send The Asteroid: Orwell Didn't Factor In Millennials in "1984" – Mike Church Show
TheKingDudeThe Mike Church Show0
Andy conn
so true, ive just got done listening to "the 12 Ceasars",.. Julius Caesar was a relative "benevolent dictator" and believed he was doing it in the name of "saving the Republic", contrary to warnings by Cato and Cisero, but the "people" bought into it, despite 400 years of history that proved otherwise. well all i can say is the other 11 Ceasars were not so benevolent. our founders read and formed a government with this essay and many others for a reason, they weren't stupid. anyone can win and become the new government leader,… see modern history castro,stalin,hitler,chavez,che,…etc..etc. or you can found a NEW Nation.
It can never happen here. Isn't that what the Cambodians, Cubans, Germans, Pols, Czechs, Romanians,(insert your favorite communist/socialist country) said? We Americans say that can never happen here because apparently we're so much more advanced compared to those other countries. The only thing we are is completely wrapped up iwth how great we are that we'll never accept that something like this could ever happen here. And then BANG! It's all over and we'll just be sitting around completely dumbfounded not knowing what just happened. Just like every other country that went through the same thing. We're truly a bunch of self centered idiots and one day we'll regret not having been more vigilant.
BECOME A FOUNDERS PASS MEMBER TODAY!
SUPPORT THE MIKE CHURCH SHOW AND BECOME A FOUNDERS PASS MEMBER TODAY!
CHOOSE A MONTHLY SUPPORT LEVEL
$9.95 Basic Founders Pass
$16.67 PREMIUM Founding Brother
$49.99 PREMIUM Founding Father
GO PREMIUM FOR 30 DAYS FREE!
Listen To The KingDude Every Day on SubscribeStar!
4675Members
abortion (229) big government (192) catholic (154) Christianity (111) Congress (357) conservatism (104) conservative (151) Constitution (641) Continental Congress (101) Crusade Channel (119) culture (216) debt (121) foreign policy (130) founding fathers (182) gop (115) James Madison (152) kevin gutzman (110) mike church (223) military (153) morals (185) nsa (116) Obama (495) ObamaCare (219) party politics (138) patrick henry (112) Pile of Prep (208) rand paul (192) red pill diaries (532) religion (164) republican (125) romney (166) Ron Paul (189) Secession (215) senate (104) society (178) states rights (101) supreme court (116) Syria (135) taxes (126) The Mike Church Show (111) Thomas Jefferson (137) Trump (108) values (141) veritas et sapientia (154) war (177)
Brother André Maries Catholicism Dot Org
CANON212 Dot Com
Catholic Gentleman
CRISIS Magazine
LifeSite News
Regina Magazine
The American Conservative Magazine
Subscribe: Red Pill Diary Podcast
TheKingDude on Twitter
21489 Koop Rd, Mandeville, LA, 70471
CALL IN: 844-527-8723
kingdude@mikechurch.com
Friday Red Pill Diaries-Pelosi Leads The Marxist, Sodomite Vampires To Devour The Constitution
Free Phone Friday Prep – Pelosi Files Orgy For Marxist Sodomite Vampires, A Bill To End The Union
Thursday Red Pill Diaries-On His Way Out, Trump Rick Rolls The Biden Crime Family With Anti Commie EO!
Thursday Prep – On His Way Out Trump Rick Rolls The Biden Crime Family
Wednesday Red Pill Diaries-Consider This: Did The Soviet Politburo Have A "Minority Party"& If So, What Good Did It Do!?
Copyright 2018 , Mike Church. All Right Reserved.


Uncle Matt's, the organic orange juice company, is introducing fruit-infused, cold pressed probiotic waters. Offered in three refreshing citrus flavors, this functional line of water beverages combines GanedenBC probiotics with cold-pressed, fresh-squeezed organic citrus juice, as well as real organic citrus peel, which contains antioxidant flavonoids.
Two new products from NeoCell are designed to keep joints hydrated and healthy: NeoCell Move Matrix Advanced Joint Hydrator and NeoCell Joint Bursts.
SmashPack, a fruit squeeze pouch packed with 14 grams of whey protein, real fruit and a healthy fat, will soon be available at Lucky's and Raley's, in addition to retailers like Target, Wegmans, New Leaf and Heinen's.
Two ASSOCHAM Nutraceutical and Herbal Excellence Awards were presented to OmniActive Health Technologies—Best Quality Management Company of the Year and Nutraceutical Export Company of the Year.
Burnsville-based Valley Natural Foods today announced it will open Valley Natural Meats Inc., a $2 million wholesale meat processing plant in Northfield, Minn. It will feature a 4,400-square-foot MDA- and organic-certified meat processing plant and 4,000-square-foot holding barn. The plant also will manufacture specialty and smoked and cured meats, jerky, hams and sausages for wholesale and retail customers.
A new line of organic chopped salad kits from Ready Pac Foods includes four flavors: Caesar, Zesty Greek, Kickin' Southwest and Sweet Kale.
Firmenich announced the launch of its latest edition of the "Naturals Together" campaign with an event in Paris, France, featuring an immersive sensorial experience. Through its "Naturals Together" initiative, Firmenich partners with naturals producers to support smallholder farmers around the world who grow natural ingredients that sublime its flavors and fragrance creations.


text:
Q: How to correctly specify colname for tables? My source xml looks like:
<TABLE>
  <ROW>
    <CELL ROWSPAN="3"> Test </CELL>
    <CELL ROWSPAN="2"> Test </CELL>
    <CELL ROWSPAN="1"> Test </CELL>
    <CELL ROWSPAN="3"> Test </CELL>
    <CELL ROWSPAN="1"> Test </CELL>
  </ROW>
  <ROW>
    <CELL ROWSPAN="1"> Test </CELL>
    <CELL ROWSPAN="1"> Test </CELL>
  </ROW>
</TABLE>

The correct transformed output should look like:
<tbody>
  <row>
    <entry colname="1"> Test </entry>
    <entry colname="2"> Test </entry>
    <entry colname="3"> Test </entry>
    <entry colname="4"> Test </entry>
    <entry colname="5"> Test </entry>
 </row>
 <row>
   <entry colname="3"> Test </entry>
   <entry colname="5"> Test </entry>
 </row>
</tbody>

As you can see, the tricky part is the second row element. Since the first row has several cells occupying multiple rows, thus it will affect the colnames of the second row, that is why the first entry of the second row starts with colname "3" instead of "1". I don't know how to draw a table here, but if you depict it on a paper, you will easily understand.
Currently, I have the following xsl that could partially capture this(I omitted other info since I only have problems with @colname)
<xsl:template match="CELL">
   <xsl:if test="../preceding-sibling::ROW[1]/CELL[1]/@ROWSPAN > 1">
     <xsl:attribute name="colname" select="position()+count(../preceding-sibling::ROW[1]/CELL[@ROWSPAN>1])"/>
    ..
   </xsl:if>
</xsl:template>

This will not work great since it will include all the CELLs that have a mutiple row span into its count, thus the result will look like:
  <row>
    <entry colname="4"> Test </entry>
    <entry colname="5"> Test </entry>
  </row>

While the first entry should really start at 3.
I found it is a bit hard to describe this problem, but I will try my best, if further info, is needed, please leave a comment below.

A: This solution's quite complicated, and I've got a nagging feeling there might be a better way of doing it, but it seems to work:
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
  <xsl:template match="TABLE">
    <tbody>
      <xsl:apply-templates select="ROW[1]" />
    </tbody>
  </xsl:template>

  <xsl:template match="ROW">
    <xsl:param name="occupiedcols" />
    <row>
      <xsl:apply-templates select="CELL[1]">
        <xsl:with-param name="occupiedcols" select="$occupiedcols" />
      </xsl:apply-templates>
    </row>
    <xsl:apply-templates select="following-sibling::ROW[1]">
      <xsl:with-param name="occupiedcols">
        <xsl:apply-templates select="CELL[1]" mode="getoccupied">
          <xsl:with-param name="occupiedcols" select="$occupiedcols" />
        </xsl:apply-templates>
        <xsl:text></xsl:text>
      </xsl:with-param>
    </xsl:apply-templates>
  </xsl:template>

  <xsl:template match="CELL">
    <xsl:param name="occupiedcols" />
    <xsl:param name="col" select="1" />
    <xsl:variable name="thiscol" select="$col + string-length(substring-before(substring($occupiedcols,$col,255),'0'))" />
    <xsl:element name="entry">
      <xsl:attribute name="colname">
        <xsl:value-of select="$thiscol" />
      </xsl:attribute>
    </xsl:element>
    <xsl:apply-templates select="following-sibling::CELL[1]">
      <xsl:with-param name="occupiedcols" select="$occupiedcols"/>
      <xsl:with-param name="col" select="$thiscol + 1" />
    </xsl:apply-templates>
  </xsl:template>

  <xsl:template match="CELL" mode="getoccupied">
    <xsl:param name="occupiedcols" />
    <xsl:param name="col" select="1" />
    <xsl:variable name="thiscol" select="$col + string-length(substring-before(substring($occupiedcols,$col,255),'0'))" />
    <xsl:choose>
      <xsl:when test="contains(substring($occupiedcols,$col,255),'0')">
        <xsl:value-of select="translate(substring-before(substring($occupiedcols,$col,255),'0'),'0123456789','-012345678')" />
      </xsl:when>
      <xsl:otherwise>
        <xsl:value-of select="translate(substring($occupiedcols,$col,255),'123456789','012345678')" />
      </xsl:otherwise>
    </xsl:choose>
    <xsl:value-of select="@ROWSPAN - 1" />
    <xsl:if test="not(following-sibling::CELL)">
      <xsl:value-of select="translate(substring($occupiedcols,$thiscol + 1, 255),'0123456789','0012345678')" />
    </xsl:if>
    <xsl:apply-templates select="following-sibling::CELL[1]" mode="getoccupied">
      <xsl:with-param name="occupiedcols" select="$occupiedcols"/>
      <xsl:with-param name="col" select="$thiscol + 1" />
    </xsl:apply-templates>
  </xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>

There's one known issue with it: It will break if a cell spans more than 9 rows. It's actually quite easy to adapt if that's a problem.
Also, it doesn't support any use of COLSPAN.
It works by passing a string of digits detailing the number of rows that still have a cell for each column, so the second row would get passed '21020' in your example, and it calculates the colname attribute based on where the 0's are. A second pass through each row reduces the digits by one, but subsituting 0's for the ROWSPAN for each cell.
This solution also assumes that ALL cells have a ROWSPAN attribute even if they only span one. If that's not the case, I can add in a means of supporting the default of 1.

A: I think a good idea would be to maintain a bit vector that for each column contains the number of rows the previous cell in this column will expand to. To do that, you have to use recursion, as you have to modify the bit vector for each row and XSLT as functional programming language has no means of modifying "variables".
The following stylesheet shows the idea for a table with 3 columns.
<xsl:template match="TABLE2">
  <tbody>
    <xsl:call-template name="processRows">
      <xsl:with-param name="rows" select="ROW"/>
    </xsl:call-template>
  </tbody>
</xsl:template>

<xsl:template name="processRows">
  <xsl:param name="rows"/>
  <xsl:param name="index" select="1"/>
  <!-- Bit vector for the columns -->
  <xsl:param name="col1" select="0"/>
  <xsl:param name="col2" select="0"/>
  <xsl:param name="col3" select="0"/>

  <xsl:variable name="cellsBefore2">
    <xsl:choose>
      <xsl:when test="$col1 > 0">0</xsl:when>
      <xsl:otherwise>1</xsl:otherwise>
    </xsl:choose>
  </xsl:variable>
  <xsl:variable name="cellsBefore3">
    <xsl:choose>
      <xsl:when test="$col2 > 0">
        <xsl:value-of select="$cellsBefore2"/>
      </xsl:when>
      <xsl:otherwise>
        <xsl:value-of select="$cellsBefore2 + 1"/>
      </xsl:otherwise>
    </xsl:choose>
  </xsl:variable>

  <row>
    <xsl:if test="$col1 = 0">
      <entry colname="1">
        <xsl:value-of select="$rows[$index]/CELL[1]/text()"/>
      </entry>
    </xsl:if>
    <xsl:if test="$col2 = 0">
      <entry colname="2">
        <xsl:value-of select="$rows[$index]/CELL[$cellsBefore2 + 1]/text()"/>
      </entry>
    </xsl:if>
    <xsl:if test="$col3 = 0">
      <entry colname="3">
        <xsl:value-of select="$rows[$index]/CELL[$cellsBefore3 + 1]/text()"/>
      </entry>
    </xsl:if>
  </row>
  <xsl:if test="$index < count($rows)">
    <xsl:call-template name="processRows">
      <xsl:with-param name="rows" select="$rows"/>
      <xsl:with-param name="index" select="$index + 1"/>
      <xsl:with-param name="col1">
        <xsl:choose>
          <xsl:when test="$col1 > 0">
            <xsl:value-of select="$col1 - 1"/>
          </xsl:when>
          <xsl:otherwise>
            <xsl:value-of select="number($rows[$index]/CELL[1]/@ROWSPAN) - 1"/>
          </xsl:otherwise>
        </xsl:choose>
      </xsl:with-param>
      <xsl:with-param name="col2">
        <xsl:choose>
          <xsl:when test="$col2 > 0">
            <xsl:value-of select="$col2 - 1"/>
          </xsl:when>
          <xsl:otherwise>
            <xsl:value-of select="number($rows[$index]/CELL[$cellsBefore2 + 1]/@ROWSPAN) - 1"/>
          </xsl:otherwise>
        </xsl:choose>
      </xsl:with-param>
      <xsl:with-param name="col3">
        <xsl:choose>
          <xsl:when test="$col3 > 0">
            <xsl:value-of select="$col3 - 1"/>
          </xsl:when>
          <xsl:otherwise>
            <xsl:value-of select="number($rows[$index]/CELL[$cellsBefore3 + 1]/@ROWSPAN) - 1"/>
          </xsl:otherwise>
        </xsl:choose>
      </xsl:with-param>
    </xsl:call-template>
  </xsl:if>
</xsl:template>

As you see, the problem is that the number of columns is hardcoded. If you want to have an arbitrary number of columns, you need to be able to generate and pass a list of arbitrary length as parameter. This is possible only in XSLT 2.0. However, if you're on XSLT 1.1, you can instead use EXSLT (if it's available in your environment), write the list as result tree in a variable and use exslt:node-set() on this variable to get a usable list.


It was a cold winter morning at The Mill, but the Cooper family could not have been more beautiful. Momma, expecting her 4th child, was stunning. Check them out below!
Also check out her new logo designed by our new sister company--Maya Anna Designs.


text:
Progressing
Ken's presentation on how we can transform our communities and the world was a highlight of the entire summit. His heartfelt messages held the audience spellbound and inspired us all.
— Shannon Farley, World White Water Rafting Summit Organizer
COMMON GROUND AND GREATER GOOD
Greater good is achieved when we find and stand on common ground—when we focus on the hopes and concerns that we share. Ken Streater has witnessed this in threadbare and thriving places around the world. His belief in our ability to fix what ails us comes from eye-opening experiences and deep interactions with everyday heroes across the globe. Be it showdowns with angry hippos, tropical nuclear attacks, billionaire shenanigans, Siberian soccer wars or quiet conversations, these events and others motivate Ken to foster positive change. He hopes to talk with you soon about building better communities.
CONNECT / GET INVOLVED
In his writings, Ken Streater weaves insights on culture, evolution, achievement, personal growth and collaboration with tales from around the world. His latest book, Be the Good: Becoming a Force for a Better World, offers twenty action steps to help you and your community flourish, by seeing and doing more good. In The Gift of Courage, Ken shares stories of everyday heroes who compassionately elevate those around them.
Shows produced by and events at which Ken Streater speaks are highly regarded individual and community growth platforms. At these events, crazy stories and thought-provoking ideas are presented. These provide inspiration and insight for each of us to be, do and give more in order to create greater good in your business, organization, or town. Check out Ken's TED Talk on building trusting communities, and his other presentations.
For decades, Ken Streater has studied countries, run businesses, and helped create flourishing cultures across the globe. From these experiences, he developed concepts and offers initiatives that foster progress in businesses, schools, organizations, and communities large and small. Ken helps people and places grow by inspiring them to focus on outcomes that deliver equality, justice, compassion and environmental regeneration.
"Be the Good" is inspiring and heartwarming but most importantly, it is actionable.
Bestselling author of "Indistractable"
One of the good news stories that resonates within every life…that anyone can take to heart.
Academy Award winning actress on "The Gift of Courage"
Ken Streater is an awesome storyteller who shares a much needed message of love and compassion.
Jon Bullock
Podcast Host of Jon Bullock Speaks
This short, inspiring book had me from the nuclear missile opening to the tear-jerker movie close. It offers practical wisdom on how to be a better person—and a happier one. Former river guide Ken Streater is a skillful navigator of the tricky terrain of good, and his timing is exquisite.
Jonathan Alter
Author, journalist, documentary filmmaker on "Be the Good"
Ken speaks not to impress but to uplift people and communities.
Krayna Castelbaum
Poet and Keynote Speaker
In a world where we are often disappointed in the lack of courage in our national and political leaders, "The Gift of Courage" is a respite. The reporting here is solid and the inspiration profound.
Geraldine Laybourne
Founder of The Oxygen Network
With stories about his extraordinary experiences learning and working in both troubled and flourishing communities around the world, Ken Streater will inspire you to action to create a happier world promising a greater good for many.
Director, Greater Good Science Center, UC Berkeley and author of "Born To Be Good" and "The Power Paradox"
"Be the Good" offers the wisdom of community change makers and everyday citizens from around the globe and shines light on how our world can be, where goodness abounds. Ken Streater shares powerful personal stories that show us how we each can be a greater force for good on the planet.
Marci Shimoff
NY Times bestselling author of "Happy for No Reason" and "Chicken Soup for the Woman's Soul"
Don't you want to help fix what's broken in society? But where to begin? Ken Streater to the rescue. He offers up an entertaining tool kit of simple everyday acts of kindness and gratitude to help us all be forces for good in our families, neighborhoods, work places, communities, and by extension the world—just when we need it the most.
Heather Lende
NY Times bestselling author of "If You Lived Here", "I'd Know Your Name" and "Find the Good"
When we lead with kindness and love, there's no limit to the kind of change we can make in the world. In "Be the Good", Ken Streater cuts through the obstacles to make clear how each one of us can be a force for good every day in the communities in which we live.
Maggie Doyne
CNN's Hero of the Year and CEO, Blink Now Foundation
What Others are Saying About The Gift of Courage
We are honored and by the feedback we get from readers, event attendees, workshop participants, and the organizations we support via book and ticket sales. We humbly gather that our efforts are helping individuals, communities, and our world. Our mission, to elevate the state of the world by helping people gain courage and live a […]
Where Does Your Music Come From?
It is not the instrument, it is the inspiration. Where does your music come from? If you are waiting for the perfect thing to play in order to fully live, consider this option: Stop waiting. What you have to give is best shared today. Just let your music out.
Socialize...
Copyright ©2020 Ken Streater: Social Good Entrepreneur, Visionary, Author and Speaker.
Proudly designed by GelFuzion, Inc.
globe linkedin facebook pinterest youtube rss twitter instagram facebook-blank rss-blank linkedin-blank pinterest youtube twitter instagram


throughout Retford and the surrounding area.
Phil is a fully qualified chartered surveyor and surveys all types of residential houses and properties and commercial buildings. He has extensive experience with pre- purchase surveys and is happy to provide initial no obligations advice.
Ten things to consider with climbing plants next to your property.
Islington Council imposed an Article 4 Direction within their remit. The Department for Communities and Local Government overruled the imposition of the Article 4 Direction. Following an appeal process, Islington Council have been allowed to re-impose the Direction following confirmation that the DCLG were using inaccurate data in their assessment of the case.
covering Woodstock and the surrounding Oxfordshire catchment area.
Andrew undertakes surveys on period and modern residential properties, including houses, bungalows and flats for property buyers in and around Woodstock and the surrounding Oxfordshire area.
Several commentators have drawn attention over recent weeks to the very high expense in investing in the infrastructure projects (such as HS2) which have been used to attempt to bring the United Kingdom economy back on track. ..


text:
Myths of Melusine Mermaid
Melusine - Myths of Melusina Mermaid
Among many folk tales about mermaids created all around the world, French tale of mermaid Melusina (or Melusine) managed to survive until today and be infused into culture and art. Particularly famous in the region of France where Celts and Gauls lived, story of Melusina followed the tale of marriage between her and young human, with the focus on relationship between relationships between mortals and fey, broken promises and revenge.
Story of Melusina started with her mother Pressyne who accepted to be married to the King of AlbanyElinas, but only if he promises never to see their children naked or while she bathes them. In true fairytale fashion he eventually disobeyed that promise which prompted Pressyne to move to live in Avalon with her three daughters Melusine, Melior, and Palatyne. On their fifteen birthday daughters found out how their father broke promise and set on to punish him and lock him in a inaccessible tower. When their mother found out about their vengeance, she punished them and put curse on Melusine to become half woman half serpent (or sometimes fish) on every Saturday. After that she met in the woods Raymond of Poitou who asked her to be his wife. She accepted only when he promised never to look at her during Sundays when she bathed. Same as her father, Raymond failed to keep his promise but in the end the Melusina forgave him. However, the rift between them grew until Raymond openly called her "serpent" in front of a French court, which prompt her to transform into dragon and fly away angry, never to return again.
Similar variations of this story appeared across much of central Europe, with most popular version being recorded by Jean d'Arras between 1382 and 1394. Ever since then written accounts of his tale circulated across Europe, especially finding good reception in Germany and England.
Today, the artistic depiction of Melusina can be found in many works of art, coat of arms (official coat of arms for Polish city Warsaw bears the image of a mermaid based on Melusina), and a picture of her having two fish tails became one of the central sigils of Alchemy and many modern logos (such as internationally famous chains of restaurants Starbucks).


Do not set yourself unrealistic goals like having it finished in 15 lessons just because your mate did, he probably was out practising with his folks all the time or he lied and it took 40 lessons because he was so bad.
During your learning period and lesson try to focus on the good driving habits needed to pass your test, eg. When practising with your mum in the car don't start to cross your arms or cut any other corners for that matter, it will only ruin your preparation.
Your first lesson can be daunting so make sure you're picked up from home or somewhere quite i.e. Not school where your mates could start laughing at your lack of skills which can intern only make you panic and potentially go nowhere!
When driving with parents or friends who are helping you to learn try to remember all that the instructor has taught you as the comments your friends and family make about how to drive might be outdated and potentially wont help you pass the test.
The hazard perception test can be tricky but computer test programs can be bought if you are not confident on this aspect, again like the theory, lots o practice and you should be fine.


text:
El Paso Actor In New HBO Series Has Advice For Aspiring Locals
Nico Published: May 4, 2022
Getty Images for "The Garcias"
Nickelodeon TV show The Brothers Garcia, created by Jeff Valdez and narrated by John Leguizamo, is coming back as a remake called The Garcias on HBO Max. This time, it features an El Paso native!
"The Garcias" Premiere
In the new HBO Max remake of the Nickelodeon television show, El Paso actor Maeve Garay, 14, is set to play Victoria Camacho Garcia, a granddaughter of Sonia and Ray Garcia, and she's got some advice for El Pasoans bit by the acting bug.
Maeve Garay (born November 2008) is an American actress. Maeve, an El Paso, Texas native, is a dedicated and determined player in all her efforts, especially in the performing arts. - IMDB
Airing from 2000 to 2004, The Brothers Garcia was one of the first English language sitcoms to feature an all Latino cast.
According to Variety, in the early 2000s, "The Brothers Garcia was a hit on Nickelodeon; that show depicted a loving Latino family in San Antonio anchored by the dynamic between squabbling brothers."
Stephanie Valles from KVIA Channel 7 News sat down with the young actor and asked her about her experience filming the show for a large distributor like HBO and what it would be about.
In an interview with ktsm.com, she shares her thoughts and advice for anyone interested in acting,
"Do as much as you can. If you are a passionate actor like myself, then go out for like drama club, and go and do theater, which I did in school is U.I.L. it's called Reader's Theater and it was really fun, so like I said if you can't go out to L.A., then go and try and work on local stuff and try to get acting classes," Garay said.
KEEP READING: 50 activities to keep kids busy this summer
Filed Under: El Paso Actors, Maeve Garay, the brothers garcia, The Garcias
Categories: Buzz Adams Morning Show, Featured (Carousel), Local / El Paso, News, Television
Former El Pasoan F. Murray Abraham's Wonderful Moment on the Red Carpet
What Former Miss El Paso Laura Harring is Up to These Days
El Paso Actress Is One of the Stars In "The Garcias" Show On HBO Max
An El Paso Native Blows Minds for His Popular Roles on Screen
This El Paso Native Plays a Detective on a Popular CBS Show
Welcome to Halloween- El Paso Playhouse Bringing the Scares this Month
El Paso Things I Think Will Confuse Space Aliens Who Land Here
When Mexican American Women In El Paso Brought Down Big Business
More Popular Artists Who Have Never Played In El Paso


text:
Friday Links: March 3, 2017
March 3, 2017 By Heather Goss Leave a Comment
Photo by Jeff Gates
The opening of the 11th annual Exposed DC Photography Show is only 6 days away! Join us at brand new venue AJAX near Mt. Vernon Square to see 43 phenomenal images that celebrate Washington, D.C., with an open bar from Bluejacket Brewery and tunes from v:shal kanwar. Local upstart Framebridge printed and framed the photos in the exhibition.
The deadline to submit to the Community Collective Photography Showcase is tonight at midnight. Our own James Calder is one of the judges, and the show will open at Capital Fringe on April 8.
Over at Glen Echo, the Photoworks Gallery opens UNITED/DIVIDED today, with a reception next March 11, 5 to 7 p.m. Robert Miller, deputy director of photography at The Washington Post juried this show of 23 photographers addressing the current themes of unity/division in our nation and in our nation's capital.
In addition to seeing local fave Chris Suspect's images in the 11th annual Exposed DC show opening next Thursday, you can also see a new music video he made for band Low Cut Connie based on his Instagram style of photography. Watch it censored or NSFW.
Head to the District Architecture Center as Alan Karchmer presents architectural photographs and discusses the creative solutions he developed to address the complex aesthetic, logistical, and technical challenges of the assignments. March 7, 6:30 p.m., $35 for non-members.
It's been awhile since we had disastrous selfie news, but Yayoi Kusama's mesmerizing Infinity Mirrors exhibition at the Hirshhorn did the trick. Only a few days after opening a guest smashed one of the pumpkins while trying to get a new Facebook profile pic. (We hear the couple in the Obliteration room, at the top of this post, exited without incident.)
The L.A. Times has the photo by Al Seib that caught the shock of all the front-row actors at the Oscars at the realization that Warren Beatty had announced the wrong movie for the Best Picture award.
Travel to Greenland to get the shot? Sure. Why not.
Oh my, set those alarm clocks and get ready: The race to photograph cherry blossoms is coming a bit early this year, hitting peak bloom between March 14 and 17, thanks to the hottest February ever in D.C. We dare you to do better than the winning photo by Ginny Filer, which is featured on the cover of this year's Exposed DC Photography Show magazine. Get the program showcasing all the winners for $10 at the opening reception next Thursday.
Take some time and browse through the 30 new and emerging photographers PDN declares worth keeping your eyes on.
Sahar Speaks is a group training young women to be journalists and photojournalists in Afghanistan.
See the finalists from Smithsonian Magazine's 14th annual photo contest, and go vote for your favorite.
Photographer Joel Sartore has spent the last 11 years on a quest to photograph every animal species in captivity to create a "Photo Ark." He's photographed 6,500 species, including the arctic fox and the slow loris, and only has 6,000 to go!
Filed Under: Friday Links