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The Whitburn Project: 120 Years of Music Chart History
Posted May 15, 2008 by Andy Baio
For the last ten years, obsessive record collectors in Usenet have been working on the Whitburn Project — a huge undertaking to preserve and share high-quality recordings of every popular song since the 1890s. To assist their efforts, they've created a spreadsheet of 37,000 songs and 112 columns of raw data, including each song's duration, beats-per-minute, songwriters, label, and week-by-week chart position. It's 25 megs of OCD, and it's awesome.
As far as I know, this is the first time the project and its data have ever been discussed outside of Usenet. Despite its illegality, they've created a wonderful resource and you can do some fun things with the data. For the next three days, I'm going to publish some analysis and insights gleaned from their work. Update: I published an entry about one-hit wonders and pop longevity.
History of the Whitburn Project
Named after Joel Whitburn and his authoritative Billboard books, the Whitburn Project began in 1998, when a group of 15 collectors pooled their resources to create an MP3 collection of every single in the top 40. They experimented with trading the files on P2P networks, but eventually landed in Usenet instead.
The Excel spreadsheets were created to help them verify their collections were complete, with new versions updated and re-uploaded to the newsgroups weekly. Later, other collectors found the spreadsheet and built tools on top of it, including a utility to rename files properly and locate missing songs.
Originally, most of the Whitburn Project was simple data entry and fact-checking, but as the project grew, it forked away from the Whitburn books. "This spreadsheet does not reflect the Whitburn information found in his books," wrote Bullfrog, one of the spreadsheet's maintainers. "Whitburn has changed the way he numbers the annual songs at least twice since this [spreadsheet] was created. We feel that he went off the deep end a little, so will not be following his new numbering scheme."
They've also added new fields culled from their own research. "Obviously with the addition of BPM, genre, and the like," wrote Bullfrog, "it has become its own entity and will continue to be from now on."
Over the last few months, I've tried multiple times to contact the maintainers of the spreadsheet and the excellent Whitburn newsgroup FAQ, but they haven't responded.
There are several Whitburn spreadsheets uploaded to multiple Usenet newsgroups sporadically, but the most useful is the "Billboard Pop ME (1890-2008)," which is posted in alt.binaries.sounds.whitburn.pop.
Note: This data is almost certainly a violation of Billboard's copyright, and probably infringes on Record Research's books too. The analysis I'm publishing here should fall under fair use, but redistributing the spreadsheet would not. If you're brave (or dumb) enough to locate and mirror a copy of the file, leave a comment. Update: An anonymous commenter posted the spreadsheet to Rapidshare/Megaupload.
Above is a sample of the top 10 songs from 2007, so you can see the format and fields of the collected data, along with the key explaining each column. (Scroll to the right to see all the fields.)
Song Lengths Over Time
I'll be focusing more on analysis tomorrow, but here's one of the first questions I asked when stumbling on this spreadsheet. Are pop songs are longer or shorter now than in previous decades? A quick query reveals this chart of average playtimes per year.
Pop songs became shorter in the early 1960s, around the 2:30 mark, before rising yearly until peaking in 1992 at 4:16. Since then, pop songs have hovered around 4 minutes long.
The longest charting song of all time is Harry Chapin's live version of "A Better Place to Be," at an epic 9 minutes and 30 seconds. Runners-up include Guns n' Roses' "November Rain" (8:56), Don McLean's "American Pie" (8:36), and a new entrant, Death Cab for Cutie's "I Will Possess Your Heart" (8:35).
And the shortest? The Womenfolk's cover of Malvina Reynolds' "Little Boxes" from 1964 is only 1 minute and 3 seconds long. The shortest modern song to chart is Zac Efron's "What I've Been Looking For," the third-shortest charting song of all-time at a brief 1:19.
How about the length of the perfect pop song? For this, we can look at the mode to find the most common song lengths by decade. For example, in the 1940s, there were 42 songs that were exactly 3:01, making it the perfect song length for that decade.
1950s, 2:30 (95 songs)
1960s, 2:30 (250 songs)
I was surprised at how exact these numbers are. The capacity for 45 RPM records was about three minutes, setting the standard for pop singles well into the 1960s. By the late 1960s, those constraints were removed, and we start to see longer singles. But without artificial constraints, why did exactly four minutes become the de facto standard in the 1980s and 1990s? (Maybe Madonna knows.)
I'm tired. More analysis tomorrow, including a look at one-hit wonders and how quickly singles fall off the charts over time. Update: Here it is.
This is a labour of love, and a very impressive piece of work.
I think there is a useful comparison to be made here between freely available information of this sort and non-DRM-protected (or cracked) books, games, and audio files.
In decades and centuries to come, databases such as this one will become an invaluable resource for historians, whereas their proprietary equivalents will languish in Billboard's (or any other Billboard's) archives, if such companies even continue to exist.
Similarly, protected media is certainly advantageous from a short-term profit-making point of view, but what cultural relevance will it have for future generations once licence servers have been shut down and its contents have been rendered inaccessible by encryption? How can anything so ephemeral pass into the canon of human achievement?
Another point that crossed my mind yesterday was that as storage space increases and the file-size of audio remains relatively constant, we may well get to the stage where perfect copies of record companies' entire catalogues (of verifiable quality and authenticity thanks to lists such as these) are traded as easily as text files. (It is true that private torrent sites are getting us at least some of the way there). To me, that is both an exciting and daunting thought.
Thomi says:
Very interesting..
It'd be interesting to see the maximum length of time a track has been in the charts per decade.. I.e. – do we tire of our pop songs more quickly now than we did in the past?
Also, what was the youtube link to? It's not available for those of us in the UK.
Fake Rake says:
It's a Madonna song called "4 Minutes," which, curiously enough, has very little of Madonna singing and much more from two random guys.
John Lampard says:
I wonder why songs became as short as they did in the late 1950s, when they had been 30 seconds longer ten years prior. Because it was fashionable, and what other recording artists were doing at the time?
It's also interesting to see songs started becoming longer from the start of the 1960's when the likes of the Beatles and the Rolling Stones were coming onto the scene. Coincidence?
Nelson Minar says:
Great find, Andy, thank you for posting about it. These guys are librarians, what they're doing is cataloging and archiving media. It's a valuable service. I'm sure you're correct about the copyright concerns of the project, but it's a shame that the discussion has to be framed that way.
the underlying data may not be protected by copyright, so let's not pull the "this is illegal" trigger so quickly.
here's an interesting discussion of databases and copyright:
http://www.bitlaw.com/copyright/database.html
I can't help but think that this effort would be better spent at Musicbrainz.org – Excel spreadsheets don't have APIs
a birdy says:
hey what happens when you click on my name
Andy Baio says:
Clare: Yeah, I've read that thoroughly. The spreadsheet is a compilation, which remains copyrighted. Also, it's more than just a database of facts. Billboard is tracking the retail/online sales and radio play themselves (i.e. Neilsen Soundscan) and using their own method to determine rankings, so it meets the "industrious collection" requirement, as well.
a birdy: I can't condone it, but I can verify that the link you posted is the same version of the spreadsheet I used for my analysis.
otis says:
a birdy : thank you – you are like a little birdy visiting my window and singing a sweet song.
andy : fantastic – have never heard of this list – the song length data is fascinating.
…and to the compilers of this list, I tip my hat to you all.
pfig says:
this is amazing. thank you, and thanks to the newsgroup participants.
Phill says:
That is so awesome!
I wonder how large the mp3 collection of the spreadsheet gets, tho, come to think of it, they prolly trade it in FLAC.
Robert Hutchinson says:
John Lampard: I wonder why songs became as short as they did in the late 1950s, when they had been 30 seconds longer ten years prior. Because it was fashionable, and what other recording artists were doing at the time?
My uneducated guess: maximizing consumers' enjoyment of their newfangled rocking and rolling by speeding up tempos. Faster = more fun to dance to, at least to a point.
Bullfrog says:
I did receive an email from Andy in April. I have been so busy that to be honest, I totally forgot about it. You will be getting a response shortly. As for the copyright, you are probably right. However, if you subscribe to Billboard (I have for over 30 years now), you will find that any old data is no longer available. Questions posted to Fred Bronson from Chart Beat shows that old data is no longer available. Even some of the charts you can get online at Billboard do not match what was in the actual magazine (due to updated or corrected data I think). Some of this data is not available anywhere else, like which charted singles were mono and which were stereo in the late 60s, early 70s (the main project I am now on).
As for whitburn, don't even get me started there. To me he has never been anything more than another collector, that happened to put out a book. The spreadsheet only uses his numbers because they are widely known. His numbers were used at the very beginning of the project and has grown from there. Believe me, if I could I would change them. No one else in the industry ranks records the same as he does. Also, the times he uses in his annuals are not always correct. He puts the time that is shown on the label. We are slowly verifying every 45 and putting actual play time. Pat Downey does this, but his data is incomplete and only covers top 40.
As Andy has shown, it is easier to extract data (the time differences is interesting) from one location, then trying to gather it all up from many sources.
For those interested, the spreadsheet is updated weekly and posted on Usenet every 2 to 3 weeks
Jorge Bus says:
Which newsgroup?
I found it in alt.binaries.sounds.whitburn.pop, but it's posted in the rest of the alt.binaries.sounds.whitburn.* groups. If your Usenet provider doesn't have those, it's also in alt.binaries.sounds.1950s.mp3, alt.binaries.sounds.1960s.mp3, alt.binaries.sounds.1970s.mp3, alt.binaries.sounds.1980s.mp3, and alt.binaries.sounds.1990s.mp3.
Harvey Wharfield says:
Is there any master lookup for song titles ? A separate
website not related to the Whitburn behemoth that's
easy for a Mac user to use ?
I'm on a Mac, and the Excel spreadsheet works fine for me. I'd love to provide a lookup service, but that'd likely be a violation of Billboard's copyright.
Thanks, Andy…
punxking says:
Andy, this is great stuff, thanks for bringing this to my attention and for your interesting and thoughtful analysis.
Primus Luta says:
Thanks Andy and anyone else involved with this.
Alan Duffy says:
May 29, 2008 at 10:04pm
Wonder if anybody in this group may have some info on Bobby Lewis' " Tossin' and Turnin' ".
On one version, the line… " Baby, Baby, You did something to me " opens the song.
On the other ( Australian release ? ) that line is absent.
Both sound like the same 1961 version.
Would appreciate any insight in to the history.
June 1, 2008 at 12:06am
"How about the length of the perfect pop song?…
But without artificial constraints, why did exactly four minutes become the de facto standard in the 1980s and 1990s?"
There is no such thing as the perfect pop song length per se, you can keep repeating a song you like endlessly without being bored for long time… everyone does it or has done it at least once for sure, if there's a hidden magic number, at least is not musically related.
Here is the big reason for the song length patterns:
Another artificial constraint not spoken of but used I bet, since the beginning:
Radio and TV stations don't survive from thin air so they need to include advertising, probably something along this lines happened:
"How much time people can tolerate ads before changing to another station? " they went and worked out some statistics I guess, and came up with 25% of air time to advertising, somebody else can know better than me about how they came with this number.
Now, "that's 15 minutes per hour, what do we do with the other 45 minutes?"
Distract people from the fact that this is merely business by playing some songs
"how many songs do we need to play?, it does not matter as long as they are entertained"…
… wait a minute, that's not true, if you play one or two 8 minute songs one after another, are people going to wait till they are bored or will change station too?
"we need to play only short songs, we have a deal!"
"Hey, somehow we can't structure correctly our programs to one hour blocks, why?"
Easy one, how many songs have the same length in minutes? barely none, is not the nature of any form of art to be constrained in that way, period.
"Pfffffff… hey you record company, fix this!".
And "Radio edit" term was born, they fixed things by shortening songs, taking out some bars from the song… that solo nobody understands, the boring intro, the over extended chorus, the cinematic grand finale, etc. whatever the song does "not need".
And this reached the musicians: "either you fix the song or they will not play it, that's it."
I got this speech from a producer not too many years ago, it's true.
End result: musicians have to think of a song in terms of radio playability too, is not just a matter of art anymore.
At this point somebody probably is asking why the length changes then if all was already worked out in favor of radio stations?
Have a look at the table again:
Up until now the constrain was the size of the 45″ vinil records, it's true.
But it's also true that modern music as we know it was just in dippers and starting to evolve, new music never heard was being created everywhere in the world and new genres too so there was no need for lengthy songs, wherever you looked at, there was a couple of good songs to add to the radio station rotation.
And then song lengths increase in a steady way, but still you can see the time length controlled pattern, no matter the decade.
The answer to this behavior is simple as well:
As the genres grew old, there was a lot less new and good song choices to pick up so air time has to be filled with lengthy songs more and more each decade.
The decrease in talent or creativity is another big subject to discuss about, and radio has a lot of guilt on this too.
I know is kind of hard to take this facts in consideration but certainly they give another perspective to the project, and can modify some of the results.
Nevertheless, great project! 😉
Ardee says:
Great stuff! The dream (admittedly a silly one that will not really bring happiness, but that's OCD for you) would be to have instant access to lossless copies of every one of these songs (plus all variations and remixes of them) at any location at any time. Then add instant access to any music videos or live performances, plus the same thing for every album that ever charted … and every song on EVERY other chart … maybe of every country. I wonder how much hard drive space THAT would take up?
It's really not that crazy. If you ballpark an average 40MB per song, getting lossless versions of all 37,000 songs would be 1.4 terabytes of data. That sounds like a lot now, but you can buy a terabyte hard drive for under $200 now. That'll only get cheaper.
And if the project moved from Usenet to BitTorrent, a single torrent (or set of torrents) could manage all the files and let people fill/replace their missing pieces.
Oh yeah, and lyrics too, of course. And karaoke versions and everything else you could think of, all instantly available from anywhere.
Sorry, Andy, my comment at 11:37am was made without having seen your comment at 11:26am. However, your comment does not acknowledge the extras in my 10:40am comment: INSTANT access to all of these songs PLUS: every song on every Top 100 album ever, every music video, every song on all the other Billboard charts (R&B, country, many more), every song on every other nation's major charts, every other version/variation of each song (there are often many!), etc. [Plus karaoke versions, lyrics, parodies, what have you.] Petabytes!
June 2, 2008 at 12:00pm
Give it time.
June 2, 2008 at 1:10pm
How many years do you think? 10? 20? Until all this media should be available instantly by portable device (cellphone or whatever technology comes next). And, of course, you'd want every episode of every TV show ever, plus every movie ever, etc. It would be cool to live to enjoy that, but of course it won't mean humans are one iota happier.
Anyway, thanks a bundle for the info! I'd first encountered this spreadsheet in late '05 but sort of forgot about it until now. I think I'll normalize the data into a set of database tables and play around with it (create queries and the like). I know it's not OK to go public with it, but I hope it's OK for personal use.
Michael Leonard says:
June 11, 2008 at 12:24pm
I've just namechecked your tireless work at my website musicradar.com – on the back of a recent UK survey that finds 44% of 18-24 year olds skip a song after 30 seconds. That's iPod culture gone mad. In 5 years time, even the best artists may be just writing jingles just to get heard…
Great project, it's fascinating stuff.
Incredible data. I have whitburns books for the 60's 70's and 80's, and do not regret having purchased them.
Putting the data in a spread sheet makes it more researchable and easier to use. Needless to say, pulling out the books when I need a quick check of a fact, or what songs were charting when tends to be a pain.
I just found this discussion. What a great piece of work, reliable chart information from before 1940 is really hard to find.
My site combines music charts from all over the world to do a similar thing for the world's music. I think that you guys would find it interesting.
O.T. says:
July 6, 2008 at 11:38am
Is there anywhere i can find correct times of all 45rpm records from billboards hot 100 history?
I was wondering if anyone is working on doing this complete billboard collection of all orginal 45's rather than a mix of 45's and digital cd? Thanks
July 10, 2008 at 8:13am
Can someone please tell what the A-S-X tab on the spreadsheet represents? I can't seem to find an explanation anywhere. thanks!
Jim wrote:
A = Air Play
S = Sales
X = Christmas
O.T. wrote:
as far as i know there is no complete offical list. Since you can't believe the labels themselves or Whitburns books, I guess the only way is to listen and time them yourself.
Easy answer is yes, it is being tried. Hard part is trying to find all the original 45s, 78s, single cassettes, and single CDs. If you want the collection to be authentic then there must be a way of checking each entry. anyone can say this is an original 45 rip, try proving it.
There is no stand alone list of correct times for 45's. But the spreadsheet referred to in the first paragraph of this article has a column labeled Time Source. This will list the source of the time if it is other than the label. Currently there are 4,161 times for 45's that have been confirmed by timing the actual original commercially available 45. Not uncommon for this time to be different than the printed label time.
August 1, 2008 at 10:09am
Ah, bless you.
August 3, 2008 at 9:15pm
I have been searching the Net for this data for years, in particular the pre-1955 chart placings & charts info since 1996. Being in Australia, what with postage plus US exchange rates etc, the cost of Whitburn's books is sometimes triple the US price so I can't afford to update too often. However I am still searching for similar info re the R & B/Hip Hop & Country Music Charts.
Are there plans to integrate these into the current database or perhaps provide these on separate spread sheets. I do hope so at some stage. If anyone can help, I'm currently looking for R&B Chart placings for Dinah Washington & Ella Fitzgerald but my Google seraches have proved fruitless (Until I found this site of course 🙂
Many thanks again to all
August 5, 2008 at 12:53pm
Mick, There are spreadsheets for R&B 1942-1999, Country 1944-2007, Rock Tracks 1981-2007 and another spreadsheet called SASS that has all of the following on one spreadsheet, Pop Artist, Pop Year, Bubblers, R&B, Rock, Disco, Xmas, Country, Britburn. These other spreadsheets don't have all the info that the Whitburn Pop has, but all have atleast yearly rankings. All these .xls spreadsheets can be found on usenet.
I'd just like to say a public thanks to Sky who has been good enough to email me copies of all the spreadsheets. It's like all my Xmases are here at once so it's gunna be a fun weekend going through this lot
Next up is to see how I can help with some of the tracks. I'll certainly be able to help fill some of the gaps in the Ozburn charts which I wasn't expecting. I actually have all of Gavin' Aussie State Chart Books but it's great to have them spread out like this.
So glad I found this site & again thanks to Sky
Anniii says:
Dear Sky,
I tried to download the spread sheets from usenet, but it didn't work… could you maybe sent them to me via email like you did with Mick? I can't believe this type of data is available now, you wouldn't believe how long I've been looking for this!
Anniii
August 11, 2008 at 12:50pm
Anniii, how about an email addy.
August 26, 2008 at 1:38pm
In case you missed it, one of the commenters above put the Excel spreadsheets online here:
http://sharebee.com/beb55ad8
Note that I'm not condoning downloading the material and had absolutely nothing to do with its distribution. I'm just pointing out that it exists.
Earth Dyed Red says:
For those of you who are interested, there's apparently a solo Brit who's been compiling this data for UK charts just because he owns all of it. It's fairly easily searchable if you know something about what you're looking for:
everyhit.co.uk
Matthew Harris says:
September 8, 2008 at 1:36pm
Billboard Charts are based on retail orders. NOT on what the pubic buys or radio airplay.
Therefor, my music collector friend, if you really want to know hits of a artist, you will need to research radio airplay lists coast to coast. I am in Topeka Kansas and KEWI AM in the 1970s has many songs on their TUNEDEX that never seen the ink of Billboard but they were hits (locally). Billboard is a collector guide not the rule.
If you don't believe me, when Billboard says a MUSIC SET has gone Gold or Platinum chances are it isn't in stores yet.
Matthew Harris, Disc Jockey since 1972.
This is fantastic. I really appreciate the heads up about this effort, and am happy to hear that there are obsessive compulsive types that love the intersection between popular music and data warehousing and reporting.
Is there an R&B equivalent to the pop spreadsheet posted anywhere? Perhaps that's only available via the Usenet groups? Comcast has blocked their newsgroup access starting this past month…
I was in small-market middle-of-the-road radio in the 70's, and one rule they had during the day part was no more than two commercials between records. As the week went on and commercials piled up, you had to play shorter and shorter records, cut them off sooner, or play instrumentals and read commercials over them. Don't know if this was a holdover from earlier times, but there do exist airchecks of DJs up to Wolfman Jack conducting on-air business over currently popular songs, often between verses.
I have Bullfrog, Vidiot, Rocketman, and so MANY people I wish I could thank in person for their help in this project. Through them I found so many missing songs in my collection that I would have never, ever found elsewhere. I can never express my thanks and eternal gratitude to these folks for their devotion, and the time they put into research and finding each and every song. You guys rock.
John Gough says:
I do believe that the longest charted pop song ever was Creedence Clearwater Revival's version of "I Heard it Through the Grapevine" at just over 11 minutes in length.
January 2, 2009 at 9:33am
John: The 11-minute album version of "I Heard It Through the Grapevine" was edited down to 3:58 for a single release in 1978. That's the one that we still hear on radio, not the meandering jam from Cosmo's Factory.
March 8, 2009 at 9:30pm
Can I still obtain a master list for the Whitburn R&B tracks. I have several of the songs from 1980 to about 1995 but am missing a lot. If I can at least get an excel spreadsheet of the top 300 or so I would be greatful.
Jim Hurray says:
March 14, 2009 at 6:27am
I have over 7000 45rpm records listed with full information and Time on my 45 rpm Database web site. Hope this helps you with information.
FIONA MARTIN says:
March 23, 2009 at 11:36am
looking for a data base on songs to use for analysis with pupils at school
this might just be it!!
nickellodeon says:
Interested in the project in general. I have some "iceberg" research that may prove interesting (pre-1944 country charts, pre-1955 top 100s, etc).
Lancefer says:
Fiona, I think it's great that you are using it for class. I did the same when I taught Excel Night classes when I first created the spreadsheet in 1999. I gave them the assignment to figure out how to have excel display the "weeks at #1" "weeks in top 10" etc, referencing bogus weekly data (as it wasn't compiled yet). It really seemed to open a new world of possibilities from their perspective.
Bullfrog has since taken over the project a few years ago, I have taken on the challenge to provide the weekly data for R&B, Rock & Country; to answer several questions here. R&B should be finished ('88-present) in about a month. There are Spreadsheets out there for those genres, they just don't have the weekly data and aren't "up-to-date". But once they are out, the student can choose what genre they want to do a report on.
I think it's great that such an interest in the spreadsheet exists. Once it leaked to the newsgroups, the demands got larger and larger, which benefited everyone. And people asked to help fill in the missing data; who, over the last decade, have become very dear friends.
The hours involved in creating what it is now can probably be tallied in the millions, I don't think we stir much over it, we just do what we enjoy. The spreadsheet helps us to remember the music that defines our lives.
Chad Stevens says:
I have a set of long-out-of-print compendiums by Frank Hoffman and George Albert of the Cashbox charts. (No, I'm not parting with them.)
• Pop Singles Charts 1950-1993 ISBN 1-56308-316-7
• Album Charts 1955-1974 ISBN 0-8108-2005-6
• Country Singles Charts 1958-1982 ISBN 0-8108-1685-7
• Country Album Charts 1964-1988 ISBN 0-8108-2273-3
• Black Contemporary Singles Charts 1960-1984 ISBN 0-8108-1853-1
• Black Contemporary Album Charts 1975-1987 ISBN 0-8108-2212-1
• Charts For The Post-Modern Age 1978-1988 ISBN 0-8108-2850-2
I special-ordered them through Barnes and Noble back in 1999 (still have the fading receipt) and they arrived without dust jackets. I assume all except Pop Singles Charts 1950-1993 originally had them, but I guess it's a little too late to complain. 🙂
BTW, Post-Modern Age covers :
• Compact Discs (as opposed to LP and Cassettes) 9/1984-1988
• Jukebox Programmer (Three separate charts, all published from 2/1982-12/1985)
• Black Contemporary
• Country
• Mid-Line Priced Albums 12/1982-9/1984
• Music Videocassettes 7/1985-4/1987
• Music Videos (i.e. TV Airplay) 3/1984-6/1987
• Rap Albums and Singles (Two separate charts 5/1988-)
• Twelve-Inch Singles (10/1978-1988)
• Video Games (11/1982-4/1984)
• Videocassettes (4/1982-9/1987)
• Rental Videocassettes (3/1988-6/1988)
• Retail Videocassettes (3/1988-6/1988)
To me, they're a fascinating look at a different take on the charts than Billboard's, including several charts that have never had their BB equivalents Whitburned. With Cashbox out-of-print, could their data be added to the Whitburn project for cross-reference. Also notable are six songs noted as not included on Country Singles 1958-1982 as Cashbox listed them without artist information, and the artists' names could not be tracked down!
Unfortunately, all except Pop Singles list songs as such:
12-13-84 Song Title (Label 12345) 87, (2), 75, 45, 34, 33, 32, 40, 55, 94 (9)
(2) indicates 2 weeks off the charts
(9) indicates nine weeks total spent on the charts
Nice to see a song's entire chart history at a glance, but not easy on the eyes.
And to that end, have any compendiums of chart data from American trade publications OTHER than BB and Cashbox ever been published. (Say, Radio & Records or Record World.)
Have you seen:
Record World – http://www.geocities.com/muggy59/
If by "American" you mean "North American" (rather than US) then this Canadian data might be interesting to you:
Records, Promotion, Music – http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/rpm/index-e.html
Of course there is also a lot of interesting chart data that is not "North American"
Phil P says:
I have joined UseneXT just so I could find the spreadsheet of R&B singles like in a Joel Whitburn Annual type book. I am desperate to find it, for I can't find it anywhere. I have found rock, country, and pop, but R&B is nowhere to be found. In particular, I need the top 100 R&B songs each year 1970-1990. If anybody can tell me where I can find it . . . or email it to me directly ( [email protected] ), I would GREATLY appreciate it!
Fedepeti says:
I've been looking for the spreadsheet of the Mainstream-Modern Rock Tracks 1981-2005 posted on the newsgroup. Anyone can upload this file here?
Lee Hugman says:
Hi one and all.
can anyone help me with a data base spread sheet of the UK Singles charts, PLEASE?
or a link to a down load site?
jgk says:
August 17, 2009 at 11:20am
I am not sure this is "illegal".
Historians all the time use primary sources to compile their research- by publishing itself, and by establishing itself by marketing as the chart of record, Billboard does not necessarily have a copyright on the fair use compilation of chart stats- so long as you don't profit from such stats.
Joel Whitburn may think this is so cool he wouldn't be at all upset – I wonder if he's been contacted for his permission?
Finally- making a needle-drop record of an out of print 45 is not illegal, again, especially if it is for archival purposes.
OK… here is an idea for analysis-
Who were truly the most popular charting artists of all time– Whitburn has his pretty basic formula (inverse pts for songs in Top 100, bonus for Top 10 and No. 1).
It should be possible, with this data, to really come up with a simple raw score of most artist pts. That would be interesting.
I've looked into this extensively, and fair use doesn't apply to the distribution of a complete database.
September 6, 2009 at 10:37am
@ Steve
Thanks for the Record World link. I had seen that site years ago but had forgotten about it. Since Geocities is shutting down, has anyone inquired about mirroring that site? Sadly, many of the links off the front page are coming up 404.
In addition to the Cashbox books, I also have compendiums for various other countries' charts (Canada, UK, AU, NZ, DE, IT, FR, NL, BE, ZA, SE, NO) that I got through A&R Booksearch. Most of these are from the early '90s but I haven't updated them as I am less interested in music from after that era, and much of those songs are listed on-line. Being able to actually listen to songs that were big non-US hits (first on Napster, then Morpheus, then Kazaa, and finally on YouTube, iMeem, and last.fm) often opens up an interesting musical world.
Based on the comments above, The Whitburn Project has forked to cover Billboard's other charts. Info has been hard to find since all of the action takes place on Usenet binaries groups which most US ISPs no longer offer. Is there anyway to keep up with the goings-on of the project on the web?
Also, did Whitburn's Top Pop Singles stop including chart data from Hot 100 Singles Sales? I noticed that Hot 100 Airplay-only tracks were listed on the sample pages, but there's no mention of songs that made the Sales chart only.
I am having problems find the complete OCD. I am more interested in the country version of the list. Can somebody point me in the right direction.. and my provider doesn't have the whitburn usenet newsgroups.
Hadley Wickham says:
Andy, a database is not copyrightable in the US, but is in most other locations. There's a good discussion here: http://www.copyright.gov/reports/db4.pdf
On the contrary, the document you linked says explicitly that databases can be copyrighted… It hinges on the material being collected and how they're presented. Billboard didn't just collect facts lying around, like in local white pages. They invented SoundScan, tracked all the sales themselves, and devised an algorithm for determining sales ranks. It's clearly under copyright.
TimWB says:
November 1, 2009 at 7:38pm
I am looking for a song that was in the Top 10 in 1958 by a one-hit group named "The Applitones" (sp?),
but I can't find any weekly Top 10 lists for '58 online. Can you help me?
Frankie Myles says:
Where do I find 50s & 60s rock & roll charts
Asa Adams says:
Where do I find 1968 – 1972 Billboard R&B charts
Grant Burnside says:
I wanna know if the Beatles made 'Hey Jude' as long as it is to beat the then record set by Richard Harris for 'MacArthur Park's famous 7 minutes plus . . . .? I once read that Paul McCartney faded it it out for so long so this would be the case. Any info anyone?
Also, just a quickie . . . .
How many singles did Donna Summer shift in 1979, when record sales were at an all-time apex? She had a number 4, a number 2 and three number one's that year alone. Basically, two gold and three platinum discs. Anyone know?
February 15, 2010 at 7:02am
@TimWB
I think the song you are looking for is not by the "The Applitones" but rather "The Aquatones".
They had a hit called "You" which reached number 21 and was in the Billboard charts for 12 weeks starting in April 1958. It also reached number 5 in the Canadian CHUM charts (10 weeks from May 1958).
The group has no other hit entries in any of the 141 charts we list at our site.
March 24, 2010 at 1:39pm
TimWB
The Applitones? Closest Find…
Applejacks, Rocka-Conga
Applejacks, Bunny Hop
John Zacherle	"The Cool Ghoul" o/Applejacks	Dinner With Drac Part 1
Applejacks, The	Mexican Hat
All from Pop Chart.
This site has been the only real focal point (other than Bullfrogs Pond) to discuss chart data.
I am finished with the R&B spreadsheet for 88-2009 and it carries all weekly data as well.
Lancefer….
I see a lot of posts on here looking for r&b data. I am also looking for r&b data. Is your spreadsheet available? Do you have additional data not in the spreadsheet yet? (ie 1942-1987).
you hit the nail on the head!
I'd been looking for that song for years, and there's more than one cover of it too!
arvin says:
Boy, this seems unlikely at this point, but it never hurts to try… If anyone has the combined SASS spreadsheet described above or at least the Rock Tracks one (1981 – now), could you possibly email either the file itself or a link to the file to me at arvinest(at)hotmail(dot)com? Thanks in advance!
November 6, 2010 at 11:58pm
This is rather amazing 🙂
guid says:
can you post how we can find all those xls files? (r&b, country, tracks… or SASS).
The whitburn usergroup is very difficult available.
Niccolas says:
I'm a computer science graduate student and am planning to do a project on popular American music from 1950-2010. Some information I plan to include that does not look like it's already in the Whitburn spreadsheet would be key, whether there are any key changes in the song, and whether the song is original or a cover. I would be willing to freely share my results with anyone who is interested, but a major help for me would be getting a hold of the spreadsheet. If anyone knows where I can locate this spreadsheet I would be most grateful for their help. Thanks!
-Nicolas
Are there links available for the spreadsheets for those who cannot afford to join usenet.
I would really really be grateful if someone could direct me to the r&b charts spreadsheet (esp. 1945-1970). Am working on a research project and that info would be invaluable. I own Whitburn's Hot R&B Songs 1942-2010, but it's along way form there to a searcheable database ….
Thanks to anyone responding!
-Andrea
Cade Buchanan says:
Hi does anyone have the week by week chart positions from the 'hot 100' on billboard between 1985 and 2000? I know of a site which does it for Australia and for the UK so I'm not sure why it's illegal to do it for the billboard charts?? USA laws confused me lol
driveman says:
Does anyone know if there are any updated versions available?
Robert90033 says:
October 3, 2011 at 1:24pm
Does anyone know of a website that compares the Billboard pop music charts against those of Cash Box and Record World? I am particularly interested in comparing their number one pop songs as to which song hit number one on all three charts and which song hit number one on only one of the three charts. Look forward to any replies. Thanks!
kbiehle says:
October 17, 2011 at 9:42am
I just created a data visualization using the Whitburn Dataset and posted it on my blog:
http://ivorysofa.blogspot.com/2011/10/billboard-wayback-machine.html
Give it a read and play around with the interactive viz, if you have chance.
Can someone please post the R&B singles chart from 1942-2010 because I want it soooo badly!!!
Fourkneekationary says:
There may actually be something to the rumor that the well informed geeky+DBA type, like myself, is able to use the Whitburn Project' Database to pull datasets that are accurately predicting the end of the world.
According to my findings through a number of different theories, the end is very near. I'm not clear (yet?) how the Mayan's were able to come to the same conclusions as I have, but they have and it is so obvious that it is all so accurate.
So much to do, so little time, don't waste a moment as life is short…
May 6, 2012 at 6:16pm
I wrote up a blog post using the Whitburn project songs with their last.fm tags to visualize genre popularity over time.
In case anyone finds it interesting:
http://datagardenblog.net/2012/05/6/mined-pop-history/
John Dub says:
July 7, 2012 at 9:03pm
Is it still possible for a newbie like myself to gain access to music files which were shared during this project?
I came across this webpage a while back
http://musicthing.blogspot.com/2008/05/100-greatest-ever-cliches-in-pop-song.html
and wrote those words into lyrics and animated it. If it interests you to see it, here is the YouTube link:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E0tn-JiN8lY
Where can I find a complete listing of Whitburn Country songs from 2008 to present?
Joel has books that can be purchased at http://www.recordresearch.com/
This is great thanks! Long live the Epic!
Jaimin says:
October 7, 2013 at 8:06am
Its good analysis, can you share the source of the data?
Aditya Peshave says:
It's really good.
Can you please mail me or share the link of data??
Data says:
I'm trying really hard to access the data but the links are all dead or require access means that are beyond my ken. I would be super grateful if someone could link or send the spreadsheet to me. [email protected]
is it possible to get a copy of the dataset ?
dio says:
I am trying to access the data, but the links are dead. Is there anyone who could send a link or mail with the spreadsheet to [email protected]?
does anybody know how the yearly ratings are constructed?
Dr of Oldies says:
I am one of the collectors that was involved with this project some years back. I do have an issue with Joel Whitburn falsifying his information in order to protect his own interest. People, dj's and radio stations alike spend a lot of money on these books and they are for the most part a good guide. However in most cases I have found with each new addition he adds 10% new info and falsifies 10% so that it is never complete.
As I continue, this is my opinion in that matter.
In the case of the charts itself by going back to the actual magazine you will see just how much was left out compared to the Whitburn books.
The yearly rankings are done in a segment run. First the songs highest position, then how long it stayed on the highest rank, then if it was in the top 10 how long the song lingered there, then the total weeks altogether for that run of the song. That is then tabulated into a database and then ranked altogether. This is why if anyone has a copy of the excel spreadsheet they will find some problems. This mainly occurred during the time there were multiple charts for one genre and are still being weeded out to this day.
As to who was involved I'de rather not say. I am an old fogie and can't remember much anymore.
Dr of Oldies
Phil Dannhaus says:
I simply desired to provide you with a brief heads up!
When November rolls around you might want to start a Christmas music version of this time line. Is it possible? I would like to see how many years of Christmas music went through space.
I would suggest that the Whitburn project needs to expand to all genres of music and also video clips of news events, ham radio communications, short wave radio broadcast archives. How about a rock music or country music or how about a gospel and christian music or international music version. Pop music isn't just the only thing.
Brian Bell says:
I have been accumulating data on pop for 25 years or so, writers, producers, catalogue numbers, how high they rose to in charts in australia, england, usa – based from mid fifties, i have 37000 titles so far.
Hello, I have been searching for the 'Whitburn Country Collection 1944-2005 (6.23.06).xls'
Please could somebody send me it. The links in previous comments no longer work.
[email protected] .com
Baylink says:
A couple of very late updates on this:
The 150MB or so spreadsheet package is listed on BT, but not presently seeded…
but someone's assembled all the *music*, in a package that certainly violates all kinds of copyright, and that's about 140GB. Ok, all the 70s and 80s music.
I won't say where, or what I'm doing about it because (Korean martial artist turns to face camera) That Would Be Bad.


From 16/11/01, each time I add a new update (as only 4 fitted on the page at that moment), the bottom archive will go in here.
The IB Notes Site has somehow been removed from Google. I have complained and it will be back soon, hopefully! In other news, the IB Mentor site, listed below, has failed, and although the site still exists, don't bother going there. But in better news, the site has received a much needed revamp. To celebrate 2000 users.
I have to advertise another site on here. There's a new IB Mentor program starting up. If you need help with anything IB related, go to This Site and follow the links about "Getting started"
I added the History notes. A bit hurried, but they are there. If you need notes on Topics 1 and 3, my notes are there for you to use wisely.
As of this morning, The IB Notes Site has 1000 users (and that's different users, the counter only goes up when a new user comes in!). I am very impressed. Please spread the news around about the site.
The site is now bilingual. I have written an index in German, found by clicking the flag link at the bottom of the page. More translation to come soon if it is used often enough. I assume it won't, so don't expect it to hang around for a long time.
I have just discovered that this site is now registered on Google™. Hopefully more traffic now! Also I have deleted the Feedback page, because I seem to be the only one able to access it. PLEASE send me comments, questions, queries at this email The link to the email is down the bottom of the page.
I thought I would share my IB results with people here. I received a "6" in HL English, HL German and HL Latin, and a "7" in SL Physics, SL Maths and SL History. So there's more reason to use my notes. I also got a +3 for TOK and EE, making 42/45, and also 87/100 for HSC Classical Greek.
Added the extra classical greek notes. I hope they help someone.
Enjoy the music in the archive section. I'm sorry it has to be MIDI, but the MP3 and AIFF files I had didn't work. If you know how to do this properly (I was using QuickTime), please email me. I also added a Feedback Notice Board, but I don't think that's working either..
Added Physics notes. Took away that annoying front page and made another one. The disclaimer page exists still but it is a condition of downloading that you have read it. Also added an archive for these messages. At the moment it's empty.
Tried to fix up this page. I still can't get it looking nice. Added the new logo... it looks like I drew it and scanned it, but I didn't... Wrote to Google, so the site can be advertised there..
Site is opened onto the Internet. Still a lot to do. My apologies while I get the site up and running. Please send me your comments about the site, can you read this text, for example?????


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text:
October 3, 2011 March 12, 2012
A (Far-From) Brief History Lesson
It's been, as we say here in Australia, a long time between drinks for Mr. Elliot Perlman. One of my favourite Australian writers, his last novel (Seven Types of Ambiguity) came out back in 2003. After such a long gap between outings, we were all expecting something substantial for his next book, and in this sense nobody could be disappointed. The Street Sweeper, an epic tale of history, chance and heroism, runs to almost 550 pages, and (as you can see in my photo) weighs as much as a book of this gravity ought to…
The Street Sweeper takes us away from Melbourne, the setting for Perlman's earlier fiction, instead introducing us to an Australian historian, Adam Zignelik, working in New York. Failing in his career (and his personal life), Zignelik is thrown a professional lifeline when an old friend suggests a research topic for him to pursue – the role of African-American soldiers in the liberation of Nazi concentration camps at the end of the Second World War.
Meanwhile, in another part of New York, newly-released convict Lamont Williams, having spent years in jail for a crime he didn't commit, is taking the first steps towards rebuilding his life, working on probation in maintenance in a large cancer hospital. One morning, he meets an elderly Jewish man, Henryk Mandelbrot, outside the entrance to the hospital – an encounter which will have unforeseen ramifications for Lamont, Adam and many other people we will get to know.
If this little taster makes the book sound daunting, well, the truth is that it is a little, especially the start. After the first hundred pages, filled with the exhaustive (and, at times, exhausting) backstories of Adam and Lamont, I still wasn't quite sure where the book was going, or whether I was enjoying it. As Adam began to lecture to a class of history students at Columbia University, I started to feel that Perlman was actually lecturing to the reader…
Slowly though the narrative began to mutate, branch out, and as Adam sets out on his quest to uncover the truth behind the claims and suspicions, and the story splits into multiple narratives (in time and space!), the reader is sucked into the book, sitting behind Adam's shoulder, urging him on to the next vital discovery, the next link in the chain. We are bombarded with information, some of it repetitive, some showing previously-known information in a slightly different light. In effect, the writer is putting us in the shoes of a historian, forcing us to sift through the narratives and draw our own conclusions.
The more we read, the more interested we become. We begin to see the links between the seemingly unconnected stories, and we also form attachments to the characters whose lives we are following, whether they are in the infamous death camps, run-down Chicago tenements or chic New York bars. From the initial, information-laden account, Perlman gradually develops a fascinating, intriguing story – one which ultimately rests on the people behind the history.
The subject matter, like the setting, is a slight departure from Perlman's usual fare. Although he has touched on Jewish war experiences before (particularly in some of the stories from The Reasons I Won't Be Coming), The Street Sweeper addresses this topic more boldly, intertwining it with a second racial struggle, the advancement of civil rights for African-Americans. In addition to highlighting the hsitory of Jewish lawyers working for the Black cause, the writer constantly throws up parallels between the two struggles.
One example is the insistence of a struggle for equality through the US legal system, a quest for equality echoed in one of the Jewish characters' attempts to educate Poles about Jewish history and culture in the mid-1930s. Another centres around stars: while most people will know of the yellow stars Jews were forced to wear in the Third Reich, fewer will know of the way African-American workers were identified in factories – by the use of pencilled black stars on their time cards…
This sense of solidarity between two oppressed minorities is shown in a scene where a white woman refuses to serve a Black worker in her café. When her father, an older Jewish man, comes out, he apologises and says:
"Don't make trouble for the girl. She was born here so…" The old man seemed unsure how to finish the sentence.
"So what?" asked Tommy Parks
"So she thinks she's white." p.376 (Vintage, 2011)
While the move towards racial equality in America is an important theme, it is the Holocaust which eventually takes over the narrative. Step by step, we are gradually introduced to the horrors of the death camps, until Henryk (and the reader) can no longer avoid the stark reality of what is happening:
"So it was true, and here he was, face-to-face with the truth. He has seen people die in the ghetto but he had never seen anything like this. So many bodies, inert, stacked hurriedly one on top of the other, a vast hill of them, a small mountain, so recently people. Here, Mandelbrot thought, was the end of every slur, racial or religious, every joke, every sneer directed against the Jews." p.349
There are many, many things which could be said about this book, but I'm not going to attempt to discuss all of them – I am aware of the irony of criticising a book's lengthy opening in a review which itself outstays its welcome… This is a book which requires, almost demands, rereading, both for an understanding of its dense subject matter and to fully understand the intricate plotting of a novel which is almost Victorian in scope. To finish, apart from urging you to read The Street Sweeper, I'll leave you with a quotation on the overarching theme of the book, racism:
"The enemy", Jake Zignelik explained, "is racism. But see, racism isn't a person. It's a virus that infects people. It can infect whole towns and cities, even whole countries. Sometimes you can see it in people's faces when they're sick with it. It can paralyse even good people. It can paralyse government. We have to fight that wherever we find it. that's what good people do." p.29
Now, if that doesn't make you think, nothing will…
Posted in Australia, Elliot PerlmanBy Tony10 Comments
10 thoughts on "A (Far-From) Brief History Lesson"
Kinna says:
First, loved the quotes that you included. It appears that book is also witty and funny is some places? I live books with heavy themes which also contain an element of mystery, which serves to relieve the pressure somewhat. I haven't heard of Perlman before but I'm adding the book to my wishlist. Jewish and African-American suffering when combined can be such a conflicted and heavily contested space. Sounds like the writer handles it well. Thank you.
parrish lantern says:
Not a reader I'm aware off, so thanks & another addition to my understanding of all things Australian.
Reminds me of Sartre. He wrote something about racism and said the words could be exchanged, you could write Jews, African-Americans or – surprise – women. Oppression always works the same way.
I guess Perlman is of Jewish origins, at least the name would say so.
Sounds like an interesting writer.
irisonbooks says:
This sounds very heavy, but very interesting as well. I am not sure I could handle it right now, but I will put it on my list for when my life is a little more quiet.
Rise says:
It may be my kind of book. It had a Sebaldian feel to me. I'll be on the lookout for this.
Kinna – I've been trying to add some more of the writers' words recently, something I'm a bit lazy about usually! But no, I wouldn't say there was a lot of humour in this one – definitely not that kind of book…
Gary – Don't worry; I've only really caught up with a lot of Australian writing since beginning my blog 🙂
Caroline – That is definitely the impression you get (and I'm sure a writer like Perlman would have been aware of that!). He is a very interesting writer, but not exactly prolific 😦
Iris – I think that's a good idea – it's not one for a breezy Sunday afternoon 🙂
Rise – I'm sure you'd enjoy it, and I'd recommend his previous book, 'Seven Types of Ambiguity as well' (another monster of a book, told in seven different voices).
bookdout says:
Sounds intriguing!
Shelleyrae @ Book'd Out
It's an interesting read, but one that requires a lot of attention 🙂
whisperinggums.com says:
Good review Tony … So many ways to discuss this book. My only addition to your review is that while the subject matter is a departure fis overall concern is the same … Moral/ ethical behaviour. That's what I love about Perlman … In addition to his great stories and characters.
Whisperinggums – That's true 🙂 I was surprised to see in a comment on your post that Geordie Williamson slated it. As I said above, I was doubtful after 100 pages, but I thought he pulled it off. Mr. Williamson obviously didn't agree…
← September 2011 Wrap-Up
A Tentative Plan for some Teutonic Texts… →

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Her confirmation as Attorney General shouldn't have been a stretch.
"Who do you think President Obama could appoint at this very day, given the boundaries that we have?" Ruth Bader Ginsburg said in Elle last fall, after being asked yet again if she would consider retiring from the Supreme Court. "If I resign any time this year, he could not successfully appoint anyone I would like to see in the court." Plenty of people said that Ginsburg was wrong. Things were bad, but not that bad. Republicans knew that they'd have to confirm someone from the universe of people that Obama would be willing to nominate—that is, someone more or less like Ginsburg, not Antonin Scalia.
The Senate's treatment of Loretta Lynch, Obama's nominee for Attorney General, suggests, though, that Ginsburg may have actually underestimated the pathology at work. On November 8, 2014, the President sent her name to the Senate as a replacement for Eric Holder, and she has yet to be confirmed—the Republican leadership has simply failed to put her nomination up for a vote by the full Senate. Mitch McConnell, the majority leader, made vague, wiggly gestures about getting it done this week, but he didn't, and unless something remarkable happens over the weekend his next opportunity will be three weeks from now. The Senate is talking about the budget next week, and will take all its time to pretend that it is making a serious effort to do something about the nation's finances; after that comes one of those mysterious two-week congressional recesses.
Lynch's confirmation shouldn't have been a stretch. She has spent years as a prosecutor in the Eastern District of New York, and her relations with the law-enforcement community are excellent—so excellent that on Friday Rudy Giuliani, of all people, was raging about the need to confirm her. (He called her not only qualified but "over-qualified" for the job.) She seems to be more conservative than Holder. She is the daughter of a minister and a librarian, and it appears, from her many confirmation hearings, that she has a reputation for probity. She has undergraduate and law degrees from Harvard. During her confirmation hearings, her sister members of Delta Sigma Theta sat in the audience, wearing the sorority's signature red. It took until February to get her name through the judiciary committee, but she made it, with a 12-8 vote. At the moment, various reports suggest that she will be confirmed narrowly, with the votes of the forty-six Democratic senators, four Republicans (Jeff Flake, Orrin Hatch, Lindsey Graham, and Susan Collins), and Vice President Joe Biden, who would cast the tie-breaking vote. This is what it looks like when Obama proposes a nominee for a place in his own cabinet, who won't be on the job any longer than he is, and who is a picture of moderation. What would it look like if he went for a radical choice—or even an outspoken liberal like Ruth Bader Ginsburg?
Indeed, what if this were a Supreme Court nomination? Would the Senate act senatorial? Elena Kagan was confirmed in 2010, but Washington has only descended since then. With just a year and a half until the 2016 election, the G.O.P. might be up for any kind of fight.
The Senate Judiciary Committee has taken its sweet time considering Lynch, who would be the first African-American woman to serve as Attorney General.


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The Northern Lights Foundation focuses on helping families who are dealing with their children's life-threatening illnesses. Dr. Ken Larson founded the charity in Duluth, Minnesota, after the loss of his infant daughter, and the Northern Lights Foundation has provided financial support to over 160 families.
Each year, they put on several fundraising events, like the popular More Cowbell in January, an Annual Dinner/Silent Auction in May, and the new Guns and Hoses baseball event pitting the Duluth Police Department against the Fire Department at Wade Stadium in Duluth.
For more information on the Northern Lights Foundation, and to make a charitable donation, visit their website at www.northernlightsfoundation.org. Also, we include a donation option on the NorthShore Inline Marathon online registration page.
Check out the video below to get an idea how the Northern Lights Foundation is making a positive impact to families in Minnesota.


Our latest web-enabled database development with Alpha Five is now under way for Shrewsbury-based charity The Woodford Foundation (www.woodfordfoundation.org.uk).
TWS v1.5.236 is now available to all customers with an active support/maintenance plan.
This release has over 100 changes including improved performance throughout, better contractor access logs and increased security when run on Windows 2003 servers.
Contact the office (0845 612 2402) if you would like the update.
More and more clients are now using Android phones and tablets for Tracker Mobile, our mobile data collection system for asbestos surveyors and asbestos consultancies.
If you are using Android tablets (such as the Samsung Galaxy Tab), you have enough space on the screen to create and edit drawings too - especially if the drawing are fairly simple (eg domestic properties).
Two packages you might want to trial are AndCAD and AutoCAD for Android.
August Photo Competition - Win £100!
Do you like taking photos? Have a go at our photo competition and you could win £100 to spend at Jessops!
The competition is all about having fun and trying to tick off as many of the 31 categories as you can. It doesn't matter if you don't have a good camera (use your mobile phone if you want) and it doesn't matter if you're not very good at photography, the winner will be the person who manages to complete the most themes.
Don't forget, all photos need to be taken this month (August 2011) so get snapping!


If you pay your mortgage off faster, you can save many thousands of dollars in interest and can own your own home sooner -- which is particularly welcome in retirement. Here are three strategies to consider and one to avoid.
Mortgage holders would do well to understand the power of prepayments, as they can help you pay down your mortgage much faster. Here are several strategies to get that mortgage off your back sooner -- including one you should avoid.
The simplest way to pay down your mortgage faster is the one noted by Mr. Eisenson, above: Pay more than you have to -- each month, each quarter, each year, or just occasionally. You might send in an extra $100 or $200 with each mortgage payment in order to reduce your principal, or you might send in a few thousand dollars every few months, if you can.
The table below shows just how much someone might save by making various kinds of monthly prepayments. It assumes a 30-year $200,000 fixed-rate mortgage taken out at an interest rate of 4.5%. The regular monthly payment would be $1,013.38.
It's rather amazing how powerful this strategy is, if you can muster the discipline for it. Paying just $100 more each month -- only $25 per week -- can lop five full years off your loan's life and save you more than $30,000! When you're getting pre-approved for your mortgage and as you finalize your loan's details, make sure that it doesn't include a prepayment penalty.
This is a less common strategy for getting a mortgage paid off sooner, but it's a powerful one, too. Imagine, for example, that you want to buy a $400,000 home, paying 20%, or $80,000, down. That would leave you with a $320,000 loan, which would cost you $1,620 per month for 30 years at an interest rate of 4.5% -- or $2,367 per month for 15 years at 4% (shorter-term loans tend to sport lower rates). You might opt for the 30-year loan because the $2,367 payment is beyond your means -- even though the longer loan means you'll typically pay more than twice as much in interest over the life of the loan.
A way to pay off your mortgage sooner is to have borrowed less, so that you can afford a shorter-term loan. In the example above, if $2,367 is too steep a monthly payment but $1,800 is doable, you might see how much house you can buy for $1,800 per month. It turns out that at a 4% interest rate for a 15-year loan, you can buy a $300,000 home, paying 20%, or $60,000, down -- and have monthly mortgage payments of $1,775.
The idea of moving is often unappealing, and you might like your home a lot. But spend a little time playing with numbers to see whether you might want to consider downsizing into a less costly home. Factor in the costs of moving, of course, along with the costs of selling and buying a home. It can still be well worth it, allowing you to have a shorter-term loan that's paid off much faster and to pay much less in interest, too -- leaving more of your valuable dollars for other purposes, such as retirement savings. A smaller home will probably also cost you less in utilities, property taxes, insurance, repairs, and maintenance.
Why pay more in interest than you have to? Image source: Getty Images.
Clearly, the shorter-term loans will cost you a lot more each month. But they'll also cost you much less in interest over the life of the loan and will have you mortgage-free much faster. If this strategy interests you, look into it further and compare mortgage rates that are available to you.
Don't get trapped by too-big payments. Image source: Getty Images.
Here's an important word of caution, though: The refinancing strategy above can be dangerous. If you can manage a higher 15-year monthly payment, but with little wiggle room, you're at risk of trouble in case there's a job loss or income reduction in your household or in case a costly healthcare expense or car repair materializes.
In such a situation, you might instead opt to pretend you have the shorter-term loan. Just make the kinds of payments you'd make with the shorter loan while keeping your current loan -- as long as there's no prepayment penalty. That way, you'll pay off your mortgage much faster while not exposing yourself to any unnecessary risk. And if later on, you can't afford that higher payment, just switch back to making the lower one.
It's nice to be able to deduct mortgage interest, but really -- why pay more interest than you have to? Pay your loan off faster and you'll be left with more money in your pocket -- probably a lot more.


Wake up in the morning, get dressed, scarf down your breakfast, and get to work as fast as you can, only to rush back home hours later. Insert days of socialising here and there and that is what life has become.
From cappuccinos to macchiatos, coffee lovers out there are very much familiar with the caffeinated drinks' very own lingo. Here is a quick guide, not just for newbies, but also the coffee connoisseurs looking to try out something new.
Although gold has its own timeless place in terms of its value and grandiosity; when it comes to everyday wear, it is easier to accessorise with silver pieces as it is understated and less flashy.
To many, the idea of consuming uncooked fish can still be daunting, while others will jokingly refer to the adage "machhe bhaate Bangalee" -- implying that the Bengali love for fish and rice combo has found another outlet through sushi.


text:
A time for transition at FIU
By Deborah O'Neil
As the magazine goes to press at the start of 2013, the FIU community is welcoming Ron Turner as FIU's new head football coach. Turner comes to FIU from the NFL, most recently as the quarterback coach of the Tampa Bay Buccaneers. He's spent eight seasons coaching college football at the University of Illinois and San Jose State. Turner made his mark at Illinois in 2001 in a 10-win season capped with a Big Ten Championship win and an appearance at the Sugar Bowl.
Ron Turner was introduced at the new head coach on Jan. 4.
In greeting the FIU community for the first time on Jan. 4, Turner made a point of talking the football players in the room about why he loves being a head coach. "I love the relationships you build with student-athletes and their families. They are ones that last forever," he said.
Turner also acknowledged the achievements of his predecessor Mario Cristobal, who led the team to its first winning season, two bowl invitations, and first bowl victory. He instilled in his players a culture of discipline and hard work. Two of them were drafted into the NFL, including superstar TY Hilton '12, who is having an outstanding season with the Indianapolis Colts. The history of this university can be told through the stories of our founders and builders, individuals like Cristobal with the drive, talent and vision to create success. We, the fans, thank him for giving us some of the most pride-filled moments in university history.
And now Turner will usher FIU's football program into the next era of success as we move from theSun Belt Conference to Conference USA. I look forward to cheering from the stands as FIU football continues to rise under Turner's leadership.
Finally, we at the FIU Magazine said goodbye in December 2012 to Associate Editor Martin Haro '05. Martin was my former student in the School of Journalism and after he graduated, was by my side for many years building the magazine you are reading now. When I moved to Japan in 2008 for my husband's Fulbright Fellowship, Martin took the reigns of the magazine in my absence. He wrote countless stories and in the process, built lasting relationships with many alumni, students, faculty and staff. I already miss him, as do many others, and I thank him for all his hard work and good humor.
— Deborah O'Neil MA '09


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SBI investigating fatal shooting in Dozier
Freshman Riley helps lead GHS to first round victory
Published 12:43 am Saturday, November 7, 2009
Freshman quarterback Kent Riley scored three touchdowns to help lead No. 2 Greenville to a 40-7 win over visiting Moody in the first round of the Class 5A state playoffs on Friday night.
And one of Riley's biggest cheerleaders was the player he replaced: starting quarterback and senior Ryan Smith was on the sidelines but out of the game because of an enlarged spleen.
"It was rough," Smith said about missing the game. "But I'm glad to see the team come out tonight and get a victory."
And his back-up's play?
"Kent? Pure rookie," joked Smith. "But he plays with a lot of heart and once he tastes that endzone he can go a long way."
The Tigers only led 14-7 at halftime, but Riley shredded Moody's defense on Greenville's first possession of the third quarter keeping the ball for a 56-yard touchdown run. A Jay Johnson 44-yard scamper set up a 15-yard scoring run by Riley with 8:18 left in the third quarter. Mikwese Claybourne's 66-yard catch and run from Riley then set up the freshman's six-yard touchdown run, which made it 33-7.
Johnson's 20-yard scoring run in the fourth quarter was just icing on the cake for the Tigers.
Greenville.
GHS head coach Ben Blackmon couldn't have been prouder for Riley, who didn't see action at quarterback until the Tigers' third possession of the game. Wide receiver Michael Watts and running back Cordez Peagler split time in the backfield, a combination that helped the Tigers build an early 14-0 lead.
"We felt like it could give us a change up, spread them out and run the football," said Blackmon. "Mike's such a competitor and he's got so much self confidence. I felt he could manage the game and once the flow of the game was established and we got up, I felt it was time to put Kent in."
But Riley wasn't able to lead the Tigers to the endzone in the first half. Worse, Moody found offense in the second quarter as quarterback Josh Owens hit Perry Best for a 35-yard gain to the Greenville nine-yard line and then, after six consecutive quarterback sneaks – which included converting a fourth and one at the goaline – Owens cut the Tigers' lead to 14-7 just before halftime.
But Riley came out ready to play in the second half.
"In the first half I was a little nervous," he said. "But coach talked to me in the locker room and I came out and played my game."
And the knee he injured last week in the Tigers' win against Hillcrest-Evergreen?
"It felt a whole lot better this game," he said. "I got a little pain in it, but I wanted to play for my team tonight."
While the offense was the story in the second half, it was the defense that set the tone for the game, said Blackmon. Linebacker Daron Mack separated a Moody receiver from the ball on the first play from scrimmage, recovered the fumble and returned it to the Blue Devils' 10-yard line. A penalty against Greenville cost the Tigers five yards, but Peagler ran 13-yards for the touchdown for a 7-0 lead with 11:01 left in the first quarter.
Watts and Peagler then led the Tigers on an eight-play, 86-yard drive, which was capped off by a 27-yard touchdown run by Peagler. Watts threw one pass: a 14-yard gain to Deangelo Carter.
The Tigers host Demopolis next week at Tiger Stadium in the second round. Demopolis beat Shelby County 26-20 on Friday night.
It will be a rematch between the two teams. Greenville clinched the Region 3 title with a 28-7 win over Demopolis on Oct. 16.
Tiny Mites win West Division title, Super Bowl set for Sat. in Andalusia
The Greenville Tiny Mites won two games in the playoffs last Saturday on the way to a West Division Championship.... read more


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text:
« GMSNY Singing Student testimonials
Post Recital: The Reward of Performing
By admin | Published: September 14, 2019
An Article By: Aaliyah Humphrey
Caption: Dr. Kossover performs "Aren't we Amazing" at the Father's-day recital
By Aaliyah Humphrey
Parents and students marveled at seeing their kid's performances and friends of adult students cheered on the performers as they supported each other at Grace Music Studio NY's recital last month.
The recital was an overall success for students, parents and audience members. Mahalia DesRosier's singing was a huge success and Dr. Lara Kossover's performance received a great audience reaction.
"Yeah, it was really fun. I got the audience to sing-along with me towards the end of the song. The audience seemed a little tired, but I think when I had them all join in, they kind of kept up a little bit. I know it went better than Julia expected, which is good." Dr.Kossover said.
The performance also encouraged Dr. Kossover to learn how to play new instruments like the guitar, bass, and piano.
"Have fun and do what you love to do. People say that when you do what you love, you feel that love right back. Be more excited than nervous." She said.
Parents, Gary Ruinsky and Rachel Abrams also enjoyed seeing their children performance onstage. Ruinsky, who was a former trumpet player finally performed onstage for the first time with his twin daughters, Samantha and Sasha. Together they performed the song, "Edelweiss" from The Sound of Music. Ruinsky explained how it was a beautiful feeling getting to support and play with his daughters.
"I loved being able to support them when they're singing. I tell them 'Daddy's just as nervous.' Just showing them that it's okay to be nervous, it's okay to take a risk and being able to share that experience with them, I'd say motivated me. It was great!" Ruinskysaid.
Abrams felt the same way after seeing her 6-year old son, Izzy, perform "The Rainbow Connection" onstage for the first time.
"For me, there is nothing more exhilarating than seeing my child perform with poise. Despite some challenging lessons leading up to the recital where he (deliberately) sang too soft or too fast, fidgeted and otherwise just goofed around, his voice and presence came together, and he was truly on." Abrams said.
Overall, all parents and students had good opinions about Amisano's hard-work ethics and dedication to teaching music.
"Julia is very supportive. She makes it work, very well-organized. All the support that I needed, she gave me and the kids responded very well to her because she has a great style and a great approach to teaching. It was wonderful." Ruinsky said.
Abrams also believed that Julia had an incredible ability to relate to a child's mindset by being patient and honest with kids like Izzy.
"She gave him a chance to ask any questions he had about the performance and had him rehearse in the exact way he would be performing, which we decided would be next to her on the piano bench. Julia is the consummate coach, guide and performing arts teacher." Abrams said.
Let's see how next winter recital will go next year, January 19th, 2020.
This entry was posted in Announcements. Bookmark the permalink. Both comments and trackbacks are currently closed.


Change is vital to the life of a church. Pastors and church leaders continually seek new ways to improve their church's health, community, and outward compassion. They study the trends, attend seminars, and research new programs. But when it comes to actually implementing or moving toward a transition, many leaders hesitate—uncertain how to initiate or shepherd the change. It's one thing to want to transition—it's another to know how.In Innovative Transitions, well-known pastor Dale Galloway and church researcher Warren Bird team up to give church leaders practical methods to move their churches from comfortable maintenance to genuine, vibrant mission. They share 15 inspiring stories of successful turnaround churches, each of which models a unique style of transition. From leadership development to a renewed vision for outreach, they offer insight and transferable principles for church leaders to use--regardless of church size or denomination. Their innovative ideas will help leaders successfully implement change as their church transitions from one generation to another.Filled with poignant scriptures, questions for discussion, and relevant examples, Innovative Transitions will sharpen your understanding of church growth and show you new opportunities to take Christ into the world.
An upgrade to the ground-breaking book that has shown thousands of congregations how to overcome the destructive attitudes and systems that prevent them from focusing on their true mission: making disciples of Jesus Christ.
In this upgraded edition, Bandy continues to explore the meaning of walking with Jesus in the 21st century. Drawing on the stories of exciting new congregations that have arisen within the last few years, he sharpens his portrayal of the thriving church system, demonstrating its essential concern for savvy awareness of the larger culture and fidelity to the core of the gospel.
The international bestseller--now with a new preface by author John Kotter.
Millions worldwide have read and embraced John Kotter's ideas on change management and leadership.
From the ill-fated dot-com bubble to unprecedented M&A activity to scandal, greed, and ultimately, recession--we've learned that widespread and difficult change is no longer the exception. It's the rule. Now with a new preface, this refreshed edition of the global bestseller Leading Change is more relevant than ever.
John Kotter's now-legendary eight-step process for managing change with positive results has become the foundation for leaders and organizations across the globe. By outlining the process every organization must go through to achieve its goals, and by identifying where and how even top performers derail during the change process, Kotter provides a practical resource for leaders and managers charged with making change initiatives work. Leading Change is widely recognized as his seminal work and is an important precursor to his newer ideas on acceleration published in Harvard Business Review.
Needed more today than at any time in the past, this bestselling business book serves as both visionary guide and practical toolkit on how to approach the difficult yet crucial work of leading change in any type of organization. Reading this highly personal book is like spending a day with the world's foremost expert on business leadership. You're sure to walk away inspired--and armed with the tools you need to inspire others.
Can renewal and reform groups rekindle spiritual vitality and fervor in today's religious institutions?
The call to revive one's faith fills more pages of the Christian and Jewish scriptures than any other theme. Today, reform and renewal organizations and movements play a key role in most denominations, whether conservative, moderate, or liberal.
In this fascinating book, Richard Cimino provides you with an in-depth look at six vibrant reform and renewal movements that are revitalizing traditional faith communities from the inside out. Cimino walks you through how all the components of renewal and reform--the organization, the larger denomination, the congregation, and the individual members--interact at both local and national levels, and answers the question of how effective these organizations and movements are within their traditions. Filled with interviews and case studies, Trusting the Spiriy concludes by outlining strategies for renewal and reform that can be put into practice in a wide range of religious contexts.
With this much-needed handbook, the authors brilliantly combine their experience guiding dozens of churches through the change process with both the study of Christian disciplines and the sophisticated understanding of such important business thinkers as John Kotter on leading change and Peter Senge on learning organizations. In this eminently readable book the authors have distilled their insights and practices into simple but powerful concepts for leading congregations, whether long established or recently formed, through profound change.
Leaders using this guide will also be interested in the companion Leading Congregational Change Workbook, which offers assessment questions, planning worksheets, activities, and case examples for each stage of the process.


The Conference on Connections Between SOIL HEALTH & HUMAN HEALTH was organized Oct. 16-17, 2018 at Silver Spring, Maryland. Here is a series of videos from the conference.
SOIL HEALTH SERIES with Rafiq Islam and Patrick Dengel. Discussion points about the upcoming Soil and Water Field Night Aug 16, 2018, 5:00pm - 9:00pm which helps farmers learn more about corn ear disorders, current weed management issues in Ohio, and an in-field soil health demonstration.
SOIL HEALTH SERIES with Vinayak Shedekar. He presents a report on the Conservation Tillage and Technology Conference held during March 6-7 at the Ohio Northern University campus in Ada, OH. He interviewed some of the speakers and attendees at the conference who presented on various topics related to soil health.
Vinayak Shedekar introduces "The Science of Soil Health" - a series of short videos produced by the NRCS and film maker Robin "Buz" Kloot, PhD. In the fall of 2013 Buz made a cross-country trek to interview some of the nation's leading researchers and experts—in order to more fully understand the science of soil health. The entire series is available on YouTube as well as NRCS website. You can also find a link at www.soilhealth.osu.edu/video.
NRCS and film maker Robin "Buz" Kloot, PhD, have teamed up to develop a series of short videos focusing on the science of soil health. In the fall of 2013 Buz made a cross-country trek to interview some of the nation's leading researchers and experts—in order to more fully understand the science of soil health. This is an introduction to the "The Science of Soil Health" video series.
Dave Brandt (Carroll, Fairfield Co, Ohio), one of the early adopters of no-till and cover crops talks about soil health and associated benefits.


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Q: Flask returning a 200 code when I expect a 500 I have a Flask API that is a wrapper for a customer service API. I use generators throughout to keep memory overhead low. I noticed the other day that the 3rd party had removed a key from their API, which was causing call_cs_api to throw an exception. I would expect Flask to throw a 500 error as a result, but it instead returns a 200. So, I changed my generator to handle the exception as you see below (the solution came from here).
However, even with that addition, and with werkzeug acknowledging the 500 error, I still get a 200 returned to me when I curl that endpoint.
Curiously, if I turn on app.run() and run the program from main instead of through uwsgi, a 500 is returned successfully. So perhaps it's a flask setting I don't know about. Here is the code and some log trace:
First, the class that handles logging in/retrieving data from the 3rd party:
def call_cs_api(self):
    req = requests.get(self.url)
    resp = json.loads(req.text)
    for case in resp['_embedded']['entries']:
            case = self.cleanse_data(case)
            yield (case, None)
    if next_call:
        print next_call
        try:
            print req.headers['Rate-Limit-Remaining']
            print req.headers['Rate-Limit-Reset']
            if req.headers['Rate-Limit-Remaining'] == 0:
                sleep(int(req.headers['X-Rate-Limit-Reset'])+2)
        except KeyError, e:
            yield (None, e)
        self.url = next_call['href']
        for call in self.call_cs_api():
            yield call

And my Flask api:
from flask import Flask, abort, Response
import cs_api

@application.route('/users', methods = ['GET'])
def users():
    api = cs_api.CSApi('users')
    def generate():
        cases = api.call_cs_api()
        for case,e in cases:
            if case:
                yield json.dumps(case)
            if e:
                abort(500)
    return Response(generate())

@application.errorhandler(500)
    def internal_error(error):
    return "500 error - Internal Server Exception"

Stack Trace. The last 2 lines show the 500/200 incongruity:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/werkzeug/wsgi.py", line 682, in __next__
    return self._next()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/werkzeug/wrappers.py", line 81, in _iter_encoded
      for item in iterable:
  File "cs_handler.py", line 31, in generate
      abort(500)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/werkzeug/exceptions.py", line 576, in __call__
      raise self.mapping[code](*args, **kwargs)
  werkzeug.exceptions.InternalServerError: 500: Internal Server Error
  [pid: 20937|app: 0|req: 1/1] 10.100.100.51 () {38 vars in 463 bytes} [Sat Nov  7 15:25:37 2015] GET /users => generated 53529 bytes in 481 msecs (HTTP/1.1 200) 1 headers in 59 bytes (50 switches on core 0)

A: The errorhandler works like a normal view function. If you don't set the response code, the default is 200.
Return the 500 error code as the second parameter.
@application.errorhandler(500)
def internal_error(error):
    return "500 error - Internal Server Exception", 500

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