When you have to bug out, you need to make sure that you're heading to the right destination. It's always best to have a plan well before the SHTF situation actually happens.
You don't want to leave anything to chance. If you haven't chosen a site yet, you'll want to avoid the mass mentality. Camping and getting to the woods like touristy forest areas will be on everyone's mind – so don't go there.
Remember that during a time of chaos, being in a crowd of people isn't what's best. That old rule that there's safety in numbers doesn't apply when a SHTF situation occurs.
It's every man for himself. You want to make sure that your location – if you have to head out on foot – is somewhere that's not as populated. Get away from the people. Head out deep into the woods in a pre-scouted location if possible.
Get to abandoned land spots that can offer you a place to gather your thoughts and rest.
The location that you pick should be off the beaten track enough to keep you safe from people, but it should offer things like a water supply, a good area to set up a shelter and the ability to hunt or fish – preferably both.
You'll want a location where you can see others coming so that you're not easily ambushed. For homestead scouting, there are a few things you'll want to keep in mind for when everything around you turns into chaos.
Having a good place to homestead can ensure your safety as well as your long term survival. Ahead of time, know the population count of the area. Figure out whether or not the area will become overrun from an influx of people trying to escape the chaos.
Look for any possible obstacles that might stand in your way that would keep you from reaching the location during a SHTF time. The key to homestead scouting is to make sure that the area you pick will not be touched by the upheaval that you left behind.
The area needs to have a way that you can create a sustainable, renewable source of food.
So that means you need to know the growing potential of the land. Not all soil is good for growing things.
You'll want to know what the weather is going to be like – because if you're going to be using a rain barrel system, you'll need to figure what the potential supply could be. You'll need to make sure that the homestead area isn't easily accessed by any major roads.
You don't want those fleeing the chaotic situation you left behind showing up. Your homestead area should have shelter structures on it that you either planned for in advance or you can turn into long term shelter if necessary.
The area should also be one that isn't in a flood zone. You'll need room to house animals like cows and chickens to help sustain life. Prepare all of this before you need it if you can. If not, scout the location that you believe you can set up a new normal again.


A broad hooked blade dagger or jambiya. The jambiya is associated with parts of the Arabian Peninsula, in particular Yemen where it is still worn as part of traditional dress by men. The hilt of the dagger is made of wood, incurved at the grip and ornamented with granulation and filigree work similar to that found on Yemeni jewellery suggesting that it was made there or by Yemeni craftsmen based in India. The gold-clad scabbard chased and embossed with a floral design and peacocks and inlaid with rubies and emeralds was probably made in South India.


text:
Enhancing prosthetic limbs
By System Administrator	 11th March 2009 3:32 pm 16th December 2015 1:48 am
Human-like muscle fibres made from alloy wires could enhance the movement of prosthetic limbs
An artificial muscle being developed using shape memory alloy wires that work like natural muscle fibres promises prosthetic limbs that offer more natural movement for amputees.
Chris Harris, professor of neuroscience at Plymouth University, is leading cross-disciplinary research to develop the muscle based on a model of how the brain and muscles interact to produce movement.
'We're very stereotyped in the way we move,' said Harris. 'If you reach for an object, you do it on a very smooth trajectory. It's to do with how the neural control is organised to optimise accuracy and speed. The brain sends control signals to a local control circuit in your spinal cord and expects certain things to happen.'
The project's vision is to build prosthetic devices or human-like robotic tools that mimic the stochastic, or noise-generating, properties of real muscles.
'When you generate more force, you also generate more noise [irre- levant signals] proportional to the mean force,' said Harris. 'This is a common biological phenomenon, but is not common in artificial systems. The noise originates in the motor neurons, which innervate (supply nerves to) muscle fibres. As you switch on more of them, you get more noise, which makes actions less accurate. The only way to overcome that is to go slower, like the difference between slowly picking up a pin from a table or just quickly touching the table. Speed and accuracy is a trade-off that is unique to biology, and the brain has evolved to expect that trade-off.
'We'd like to build a neuromorphic muscle, a muscle that behaves like a real muscle with multiple parallel fibres. Technically that's very difficult and it's much easier to use the traditional approach of a motor driven by a control circuit.'
The researchers will explore the properties of nickel-titanium memory alloy wires, which can be extruded until they are very thin and used in parallel. Like muscles, they generate force when a current is applied, but in doing so generate the heat which causes contraction.
'To start with, we'll experiment with quite big, thick wires, around a millimetre in diameter, but I want to go down to much thinner than that,' said Harris. 'I don't know how thin we can go — there are a lot of material questions we need to investigate: strength, conductivity, heat dissipation, how much force you can get out of them — there are a lot of unknowns.'
In real muscle, sarcomeres — the contractile elements of muscle fibres — are in series as well as in parallel. The project will work out whether it is best to have lots of full muscle-length wires in parallel or to have shorter lengths in series in the artificial muscle. Natural muscle fibres also have elastic properties, so an element of elasticity will be incorporated in series with each wire to make it automatically return to its original state.
In nature, only the requisite number of muscle fibres are engaged to produce the required amount of force. 'That's the reason for going to this parallel route,' explained Harris, 'when you generate small forces you'll only switch on a few of these wires.
'I'm very keen that we use this biomimetic approach for a reason rather than copying nature for its own sake. We understand why they're switched on in the order they are — we have a patent pending on the design of a controller that replicates that — but the key is finding the materials to build these parallel contractile elements. We need to ensure the right number of wires contract when a current is applied, relax when you turn off the current and cool quickly enough.'
Muscles only contract; they can pull but never push. In nature, two-way movement is provided by 'antagonist' muscles that pull in the other direction, so this would also be replicated in the artificial muscle.
The three-year, EPSRC-sponsored project starts in October 2009 and consists of three key phases: exploring the use of nickel-titanium wires, developing a controller that drives the wires with optimised signal-to-noise ratio, and detecting signals from the human brain to drive the artificial system. It will bring together three faculties at Plymouth University and the researchers hopeto involve a commercial artificial muscle company.
At the end of the project Harris aims to have a physical proof of concept in the form of a working muscle consisting of several fibres.
'The advantage of our approach is the artificial muscles could be any size you like, just like human muscles,' he said. 'We have very small muscles in the eyes or ears and very big muscles in our legs. It's a trade-off between the amount of force you want to generate and the accuracy you need.'
Berenice Baker
Handling radioactive waste
13th March 2009 5:14 pm 16th December 2015 1:49 am
In-depth Defence & security
9th March 2009 12:00 am 16th December 2015 1:47 am
Wireless healthcare
13th March 2009 12:00 pm 16th December 2015 1:38 am
Pollution radar
INTERTRONICS HAVE THE ANSWERS!
11th March 2009 12:00 am 16th December 2015 1:43 am

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


As the condition of Takeaway Trauma sweeps the nation, pizza lover and football aficionado Robbie Savage was enlisted by Chicago Town pizza to test for the disorder first-hand.
The ex-Welsh international player and pundit hosted a Saturday night in watching the 2018 World Cup with good friend England hockey player Sam Quek, as the pair were tasked to order a takeaway and compare the experience with cooking a Chicago Town pizza.
The stress of ordering and waiting for a takeaway has recently been identified as an actual condition, Takeaway Trauma, following scientific research conducted by Chicago Town and the University of Wolverhampton.
Behavioural Expert Darren Stanton analysed the results of the experiment, and classified the condition in four stages: fidgety, anxious, irate and lost.
Previously unreleased footage shows both Robbie and Sam displaying signs of the condition as they waited for their takeaway to arrive.
First fidgeting as the app they are using struggles to accept their deals code, while anxiety starts to kick in as their delivery time is extended to an hour.
They begin to bicker as they become irate waiting on the pizza delivery, with Robbie even seen shouting down to redirect the confused delivery driver.
Finally, they show signs of entering the fourth stage of lost, as their pizzas arrive cold and with incorrect toppings.


THERE is new evidence that Government and media rhetoric against "benefit scroungers" is spurring a rising tide of hate crime against people with disabilities, according to a pioneering survey by a campaigning journalist, Katharine Quarmby, which has been reported by the Disability News Service.
PEACE activists and supporters of Housmans Bookshop gathered at the shop in London's Kings Cross last Wednesday to celebrate the 150th anniversary of the birth of pacifist, socialist, campaigner for women's suffrage, writer, playwright, and art nouveau illustrator, Laurence Housman, who described himself as "a committed socialist and pacifist".
Housman was born into a brilliant family — the poet A E Housman, author of A Shropshire Lad, was one of his brothers — and until his death in 1959 he was a household name in Britain and famous for his BBC radio broadcasts in the 1940s.
BARRISTERS in England are set to join solicitors in taking strike action in protest at cuts to the legal aid system.
Criminal barristers will begin refusing to take on Crown Court cases, in solidarity with criminal defence solicitors, who now face cuts of 8.75 per cent to their fees.
Solicitors have already been striking since 1st July when the cuts came in — initially refusing all new work in both magistrates and Crown Courts, and have staged a series of protests outside courts nationwide.
They claim the cuts, which make it harder for small, high street law firms to survive, will make it more difficult to access justice, creating a two-tier system that favours the better off.
A GROUP of six Labour MPs has called for an investigation into an extreme right-wing website "described as a training manual for anti-Muslim paramilitaries" while fears that a planned exhibition of cartoons of the prophet Muhammad in London is designed to incite Islamist violence.
THE GOVERNMENT last week gave permission for farmers to use pesticides that are banned throughout the European Union because they are linked to serious harm to bee populations.
The economic damage from loss of food production if bee numbers are significantly reduced would be enormous.
PRIVATE sector rents in every London postcode are now "unaffordable" for low paid workers, including those on the Living Wage scale, according to a new survey.
Figures published last week show that workers paid £9.15 an hour, the "living wage" rate, have to spend more than half their income on rent.
"I WARN you not to be young. I warn you not to fall ill. I warn you not to get old" Neil Kinnock's warning about the danger of a Tory victory on the eve of the 1992 General Election can apply just as much to Scotland under the SNP government.
At Westminster the SNP ended the parliamentary session with the stunt of occupying the Labour benches. Alex Salmond and Nicola Sturgeon continue their long running battle for control of SNP policy.
Meantime everything the SNP actually control in Scotland goes down the pan. The Royal College of General Practitioners has highlighted yet another failing of the National Health Service in Scotland.
LONDON'S Kurdish community has been taking to the streets with a string of protest rallies beginning last Tuesday in protest against the ISIS suicide bombing at Suruc that killed 32 young Kurds on their way to bolster the defences of Kobani in the Kurdish region of northern Syria.
They are also protesting at the response by the Turkish government, which is now bombing both ISIS and Kurdish anti-ISIS resistance strongholds and equating the Kurdish resistance as being equally terrorist with ISIS.
In reality the Turkish government has long been aiding and abetting ISIS in order to try to undermine the Syrian government of Bashir Assad, allowing the extreme right-wing Islamist terrorists free passage through Turkish borders and secretly arming them.
FRIENDS and comrades marked the 62nd anniversary of the Korean people's victory in the Fatherland Liberation War in London last month. The meeting, called by the Korean Friendship Association and the Juché Idea Study Group heard an opening from Dermot Hudson of the KFA and a report-back of a recent trip to the DPR Korea by Shaun Pickford.
Dermot Hudson said: "The Fatherland Liberation War referred to as the Korean War in the imperialist countries was provoked by the US imperialists on 25th June 1950 and lasted three years. It was a most intense war, one of the fiercest wars of the 20th century. Indeed it was a third world war in miniature in which the two systems in the world, capitalism and socialism fought each other.
WE CELEBRATED the founding of the New Communist Party in the usual way at a reception at the Party Centre on 11th July. Friends and comrades, old and new, joined NCP leader Andy Brooks and Party Chair Alex Kempshall in celebrating the 38th anniversary of the NCP, which was established under the leadership of Sid French in July 1977.
PROTESTERS in Turkey have held fresh rallies in the two major cities of Istanbul and Ankara, venting their anger at the government for its bombing campaign against purported ISIS positions in Syria and those of the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) in Iraq.
The demonstrations were held in the two cities on Sunday, when many of the demonstrators accused Turkish authorities of collaborating with ISIS, a claim that Ankara denies.
Clashes erupted between demonstrators and police in Istanbul after the protesters hurled Molotov cocktails and stones at police forces, who responded by using water cannons and firing tear gas and plastic bullets to disperse the crowd.
SEVENTY years ago, when the United States, Great Britain and China released the Potsdam Declaration on 26 July 1945 ordering the unconditional surrender of Japan, the content of the document was not taken seriously enough in Japan. Nor is it today.
The document is largely unmentioned in Japan, where Shinzo Abe and die-hard rightists are colluding to rewrite their country's pacifist Constitution and unfetter the country's long-suppressed military potential.
This should not be the case because it holds the key to resolving many of the troubles haunting present-day East Asia.
The document is explicit about the nature of the Japan-launched war and demands the eradication of militarism, the trial of war criminals, and the establishment of a "peacefully inclined and responsible government" in Japan.
MONTHS after sightings of Russian submarines turned out to be false, Sweden seems to be at it again. On Monday, a Swedish team of underwater explorers claimed to have discovered the wreck of a mysterious mini-sub within Swedish waters. The culprit? It must be Russia.
Last October, authorities in Stockholm claimed to have shocking evidence of a covert Russian incursion. A grainy photo taken along the Swedish coast appeared to show two vessels on the horizon. With no other evidence to go on, the government decided the objects were Russian submarines. Unsurprisingly, these claims were disproved only months later.
While British policy makers are expressing their "righteous" anger over Russia's decision to veto their resolution on the Srebrenica "genocide" of 1995 discussed by the UN Security Council earlier this month, London should obviously look in the mirror and recall its own colonial past, New Zealand-based journalist and foreign affairs analyst Rakesh Krishnan Simha said.
There is no need to delve deep into history, the analyst noted, referring to the infamous Bengal Famine of 1943- 44 that can be classified as the greatest disaster in the subcontinent in the 20th century.
AFTER five years of crippling austerity that has left Greece's economy in ruins, and despite an overwhelming anti-austerity vote in a referendum in early July, the country's supposedly "left-wing" government submitted to a raft of outrageous economic demands imposed on it by the European central banks and the governments of the European Union. The so-called reforms include requirements that the Greek parliament pass new severe austerity laws within days to raise taxes, privatise public assets and cut back on pensions.
The "deal" was welcomed by capitalist governments everywhere, ostensibly because it saved the Eurozone and prevented Greece from descending into chaos. In reality it demonstrated once again that under conditions of imperialism, banks not governments control national economies. It also did something else: it marked a new stage in German imperialism's unceasing efforts to expand its power and influence.
WORKERS' wages in the United States have been stagnant since the 1970s in terms of purchasing power. It is common knowledge that it now takes several wage earners in most working-class families just to meet basic expenses. Meanwhile low-wage workers are on the move, fighting hard for a higher minimum wage and union representation.
But there is one bright spot for workers' wages — although you would hardly know it if you rely on the commercial media for your information. It is China.
According to all accounts factory wages in China, which of course started at a much lower level than wages in advanced capitalist countries, have more than tripled in the last decade. Some say urban blue-collar wages have gone up five times in that period. This is not what is happening in other developing countries.


Dali...Meet the master of the surreal.
The tales of surrealist master Salvador Dali's life are as long as the handlebar mustache that shot from his face in Dali's many portraits.
Avant-garde. Genius. Grandiose. Flat-out strange. As Dalí himself said, "There is only one difference between a madman and me. The madman thinks he is sane. I know I am mad."
To experience Dalí is, in many ways, to experience the artistic heartbeat of Catalonia. His unconventional art reflects a Catalan hunger to push the boundaries of imagination.
As a result, Dalí and his fellow Catalan painters and architects have produced some of the most recognizable bodies of work in the world.
Nowhere else in the world can you live and breathe Dalí like you can in Figueres, his birthplace, and Port Lligat, the remote Costa Brava village where he spent many years with his wife Gala.
Our private shore excursion to Dalí's museum and home vault you straight into the eccentric painter's life.
Salvador Dalí was born in 1904 in Figueres, the city in which his self-designed museum and theater now stands.
At the age of 15, Dalí held his first public exhibition. He enrolled in art school in Madrid when he was 18. Four years later, after building a reputation as a talented eccentric, he was kicked out of school.
He visited Paris in 1926, eventually encountering and joining the Surrealist movement.
Over the next twenty years, he gained the respect of fellow Spanish painters Picasso and Mirò. He completed his famous painting of melting clocks, The Persistence of Memory, in 1931. He married his wife Gala in 1934.
Never one to conform to social, artistic or political rules, Dalì made many an enemy during his career. His desire to maintain his own ideologies, regardless of the ideologies of the Surrealist movement, led to a 1934 meeting of Surrealist leaders in which they formally excommunicated him from the group.
His fame, however, grew across Europe and into the United States. Artists across many genres, including pop painter Andy Warhol, credited as inspiration the works of Dalì.
The Catalan painter died of heart failure in 1989 at the age of 84.
Our private shore excursions to Dalí country begin with an approximately two-hour trip from Barcelona to Figueres, where you'll walk the ever-interesting halls of the Dalí Theatre-Museum.
The museum houses Dalí's many creative manifestations: furniture, mechanical contraptions, sculptures and paintings.
Dalí's home is located in Port Lligat, a sleepy fishing village on a peninsula that juts out into the sea. The Catalonian artist's house is a collection of structures he built, extended and modified into his and Gala's home. The many rooms of the Dali home each play a role in telling the narrative of the mustachioed master.
Both Figueres and Port Lligat locations are like couplets of a wonderful, intriguing poem; full of mystery, full of life and absent of the mundane.
-Dalí's much-ballyhooed mustache wasn't a Dalí original. The famous facial hair was inspired by Diego Velazquez, considered the father of Spanish painters.
-Dalí's tomb is located in the Figueres museum.
-The painter's full name is Salvador Domingo Felipe Jacinto Dalí i Domènech, 1st Marqués de Dalí de Pubo.
-Following his death, Dalí's estate was estimated to be worth $87 million dollars.
-He once owned a pet ocelot.
-Salvador and his wife Gala lived in the United States from 1940-1948 to escape the dangers of World War II.
-In one of his stranger moments, Dalí donned a deep-sea diving suit before speaking to a crowd at a surrealist expo in London.
Girona Spend half a day in the wild, wonderful world of Dalì, and then head one hour south to explore the winding corridors of Girona's Jewish Quarter, known as The Call, and its Medieval Quarter.
The city of Figueres is home to the Dalí Theatre-Museum, designed by Dalí himself. Massive eggs line the edge of the museum's roof, the first indication that you are dealing with an artist who had a flair for the absurd yet fascinating.
With your sense alight in curiosity, we'll stop for a delicious local lunch before experiencing Dalí's home in Port Lligat. There you'll find a delightful maze of hallways and rooms that lead you further into Dalí's fascinating mind.
We cap the day with a relaxing journey back to Barcelona.
Dali's Theatre-Museum and his Port Lligat home are two of northern Catalonia's cultural treasures.
Stick with Dali, or enhance your experience with a mix-and-match private shore excursion to Girona.
Take a look below for more details about trip combinations, pricing and booking.
Note the coffee mug flower pot and the egg located in one of the many courtyards in Salvador and Gala Dali's Costa Brava home.
10:00 Meet Dali, welcome to Figueres.
Enter the world of Salvador Dali, explore his Theatre-Museum and learn about his works, life and influences.
12:00 Onward to the Costa Brava town where Salvador Dali and his wife Gala lived, worked and played.
13:15 Time for a relaxing lunch before entering the home of Dali.
15:00 After lunch and a short drive, we will arrive to Dali´s home. Prepare to enter the artist's most personal and private space.
16:30 Head back to Barcelona. Relax in the comfort of your private vehicle. It's ok to catch up on a little sleep...we won't mind!
18:30-19:00 Welcome back to Barcelona and an end to a great day.
Entrance Fees for Dali Theater-Museum and Costa Brava Home are included.
Book Now Click here to begin the booking process for yor private Dali day tour.
Book Now Click here to begin the booking process for yor private Girona & Dali day tour.


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Singer Adele performs onstage during the Oscars held at the Dolby Theatre on February 24, 2013 in Hollywood, California.
News that British songstress Adele was back with a new song, nearly five years after dropping her earthshaking sophomore album 21, has set the music world aflame. The new song, "Hello," is part of the blue-eyed soul diva's upcoming album 25.
In the world of Spotify, YouTube, and Apple Music, artists who can actually convince the public to pay money for music—either in physical media like CDs or vinyl records, or digitally through iTunes or another music store—are few and far between. There are only five artists who can pull off such a feat consistently: Adele, Taylor Swift, Beyonce, Katy Perry, and Rihanna.
Will 25 sell as well as 21? Probably not. But it will likely sell very well, which can't be taken for granted in 2015.


These Terms and Conditions shall apply to all quotations and sales of products or services by American Anchor Bolt L.P., a Texas limited partnership ("Seller"), to any person or entity ("Customer"). Customer's agreement to any quotation of Seller or acceptance of any products or services of Seller shall evidence the acceptance by Customer of these Terms and Conditions.
Seller may terminate any agreement with Customer for cause in the event of any failure by Customer to comply with any of these Terms and Conditions or the terms and conditions of any other agreement with Seller. Seller may also terminate any agreement with Customer upon the commencement of a voluntary or involuntary proceeding against Customer or any of its affiliates seeking liquidation, winding-up, reorganization or other relief with respect to its debts under any bankruptcy or other similar law.
Seller shall not be in breach of its obligations under any agreement with Customer if performance of such obligations is prevented, delayed or made impracticable by any cause beyond the control of Seller, including without limitation acts or omissions of Customer, acts of God or any governmental agency, natural disasters or storms, fire, political strife, labor disputes, failure or delay of transportation or unavailability of parts or personnel.
Time for delivery shall not be of the essence of any agreement. Seller will make its best efforts to meet the stated delivery dates but it shall not be liable for any losses or damages resulting from any late delivery or non-delivery.
By acceptance of any products of Seller and until payment is made in full to Seller, Customer grants a security interest to Seller in such products together with all of the rights and remedies of a secured party under the Uniform Commercial Code.
CUSTOMER'S SOLE REMEDY FOR ANY CLAIM RELATING TO ANY ALLEGED DEFECTIVE PRODUCT OR SERVICE SOLD BY SELLER IS LIMITED TO EITHER (I)REPAIR OR REPLACEMENT BY SELLER OF THE DEFECTIVE PRODUCT OR SERVICE OR (II) AT SELLER'S OPTION, RETURN OF THE PRODUCT OR SERVICE AND REFUND OF THE PURCHASE PRICE. SUCH REMEDY SHALL BE CUSTOMER'S ENTIRE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDY, AND SELLERS LIABILITY IS SPECIFCALLY AND EXCLUSIVELY LIMITED TO ITS OBLIGATIONS SET FORTH HEREIN AND SHALL UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES EXCEED THE PURCHASE PRICE OF THE PRODUCT OR SERVICE. SELLER'S LIABILTY FOR ANY SUCH CLAIM SHALL EXPIRE ONE YEAR FROM THE DATE OF DELIVERY OF SUCH PRODUCT OR SERVICE TO WHICH SUCH CLAIM IS RELATED.
IN NO EVENT SHALL SELLER BY LIABLE FOR ANY LOSS, DAMAGE OR LIABILTY OF CUSTOMER OR ANY OF ITS AFFILIATES, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT, INCIDNTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, INCURRED BY CUSTOMER OR ANY OF ITS AFFILIATES, OR ANY OTHER PERSON OR ENTITY AS A RESULT OF OR RELATED TO THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF ANY PRODUCTS OR SERVICES SOLD BY SELLER TO CUSTOMER, WHETHER DUE TO THE NEGLIGENCE OF SELLER OR OTHERWISE.
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text:
All notable changes to this project will be documented in this file.

The format is based on [Keep a Changelog](http://keepachangelog.com/)
and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](http://semver.org/).

## [Unreleased]

## [1.1.0] - 2017-06-06

### Added
* MIT `LICENSE`

### Changed
* Updated `spec.files`

## [1.0.0] - 2017-06-05

Initial Release!

[Unreleased]: https://github.com/500friends/pmetric/compare/v1.1.0...HEAD
[1.1.0]: https://github.com/500friends/pmetric/compare/v1.0.0...v1.1.0
[1.0.0]: https://github.com/500friends/pmetric/tree/v1.0.0

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
My Daughters are put off by N.Y. Jewish Culture
A worried Jewish father with a non-Jewish wife wrote to me about the take his college age daughters had towards New York Jewish "culture". I answered him in my Mixed and Matched column.
I'm Jewish, my wife is not. Our two daughters, who have been to Israel, were raised Jewish with all the Jewish lifecycle events. They have left California for college in New York. There they encountered New York Jews and have found them to be "awful." Now they repeat numerous negative stereotypes about Jews. One is happy to "pass" and the other wants to identify as "half and half." They say Bay Area Jews are different and they still like all the people at our home synagogue. Their mom, who learned Hebrew, drove to religious school, hosted Seders, sees this as amusing. I'm worried they won't date Jewish men. What can I do? — Sad Dad
Dear Sad Dad: I'm so sorry this has hit you so suddenly and so hard. Your girls are experiencing a new part of the Jewish world that may be strange to them. They would be equally surprised by the differences between their Bay Area experience and the Jews of Mexico City, Paris or Morocco. But since the Jews of New York are American, they expected to feel a sense of familiarity. Additionally, they are in school with Jewish peers, who bring their own culture of origin with them to college. I suggest you do three things:
• Talk with your wife. Why is she amused? Does she perhaps have some insight into your daughters? Does she see this as a time of exploration, but feels confident of the girls' Jewish identity? Can she comfort or reassure you?
• Talk to your rabbi, who may reassure you with stories about other young members and their parents who passed through this and now have a next-generation Jewish family.
• Talk to your girls. It is important that they not harbor stereotypes and prejudices toward any group, including Jews.
Begin by asking your girls why they say these things. Are there events that have caused them to respond with these negative thoughts? Have people been cruel to them? Do they feel defensive with other Jews? If they feel embarrassed to be identified as Jews, what caused that? You need to get to the heart of this. It would be best if your wife could join you in this conversation. It is possible that they have encountered some nasty people who happen to be Jews and in the college social group, they don't want to be associated with them.
How do the girls define the difference between good Bay Area Jews and the bad New York Jews? Do they feel positively about Israeli Jews? Can they see the difference between Israeli culture and Bay Area Jewish culture? Can they see that every Jewish group or community may be unique? Would they be open to dating an Ethiopian Jew? Or an Italian Jew? Is it just New York Jews that they find distasteful? It may be that you and they simply need to clarify what it is that they are rejecting.
Have you told them that you wanted them to date Jewish guys? If this is the first they are hearing of it, expect some pushback. They may be surprised for many reasons, the first that since you married their non-Jewish mother, they may take your message as an insult to her. Be ready to explain exactly why you want them to date, and I'm assuming marry, a Jew. They may feel that it can work out equally well for them in an interfaith couple, as it did for you. You need to have a sound reason that doesn't insult their mom.
I know an interfaith couple, a Jewish dad and non-Jewish mom who, upon hearing that their son was engaged to a non-Jewish girl, sat them down and had a heartfelt talk about the challenges of interfaith marriage and raising Jewish children in an interfaith home. I was told this story by the non-Jewish fiancée, who thought her in-laws' frank sharing was wonderful. The goal here is to assess with your wife what you want for your girls. Do you want them to raise Jewish kids, but your wife doesn't care? Get that out in the open. Your daughters can sense what you each want, and being honest is best. From there, you and their mom can explain why you each feel as you do, and the girls can feel respected. You're welcome to contact me if you need help with the conversation.
Posted in Adult Child of an Interfaith Family, Jewish Culture, Mixed & Matched, Parenting
Published on May 11th, 2016
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Photography: © Ralf Powierski, ÖWM: Gerhard Trumler, Lukan
The 13th Annual Meeting of the American Association of Wine Economists was hold
in Vienna Australia, July 14 – July 18, 2019
RECEPTION // July 14
17:00-20:00h
University of Vienna
Arkadenhof (arcaded courtyard)
Universitätsring 1, 1010 Wien
Near Subway Station Schottentor
CONFERENCE LOCATION // July 15 & July 16
BOKU University of Natural Resources
Wilhelm Exner Haus
Peter Jordan Straße 82, 1190 Wien
From public transit station "Schottentor" take Bus 40A to stop "Dänenstrasse"
Click HERE to open a map in a separate window.
GALA DINNER // July 15
19:00-23:00h, admission 18:45h
Palais Ferstel
Strauchgasse 4, 1010 Wien, Austria
DINNER // July 16
Genussakademie Burgenland
Tour Burgenland // July 17
Tour Lower Austria (Wachau, Kamptal, Kremstal. Wien/Wagram // July 18
Here is a List of Sustainable Hotels in the City Center of Vienna
Click to download the Program-Booklet (PDF)
Click here for the Scientific Program
VIENNA is the federal capital, and the smallest of Austria's nine provinces. It is located in the heart of Europe, stretching from the banks of the Danube to the north-easternmost foothills of the Pre-Alps.
The city center (Stephansplatz) is 171 meters above sea level. The highest point is Hermannskogel (543 meters), the lowest is in the Lobau (151 meters). Vienna's climate is temperate with continental and oceanic influences. In 2016 the average air temperature was 11.5°C (higest temperature 33.7°C, lowest temperature -9.6°C) and precipitation was 732 mm/year.
The Austrian capital has always been an interface between different cultures, and marks the spot where ancient transport routes, the Amber Road and the Danube intersect. Archaeological finds go back to the Paleolithic era. Vienna's history as a settlement dates back to Roman times and the establishment of a military camp and civilian settlement called Vindobona on the site of what is now the historic city center. In 1156 Vienna became the ducal seat of the Babenberg family, and under the Habsburg dynasty the city served as the imperial capital and residence for over 600 years. The capital of culture and music's historic old town was named a world cultural heritage site by UNESCO.
The metropolitan area is divided into 23 districts, covering around 415 km², and is home to around 1.8 million people (the sixth largest city in the EU).
Austria joined the EU in 1995 and is a signatory of the Schengen Convention. The national currency is the euro and German is the official language. Austria is in the Central European Time Zone (GMT +1), and in summer (from 2am on the last Sunday in March to 3am on the last Sunday in October) it switches to Central European Summer Time (GMT +2).
In 2018 Vienna was named the world's most livable city for the ninth time in a row by Mercer. Each year the international consultants conduct a quality of life survey in 231 major towns and cities worldwide. Criteria include the political, social and economic climate, medical services, education and infrastructure facilities including public transportation, power and water utilities. Leisure facilities such as restaurants, theaters, cinemas, sports facilities, availability of consumer goods ranging from food to automobiles, and environmental factors including green space and air quality are also taken into consideration.
About half of the city's total area is accounted for by gardens, parks, woods and agricultural land. 39 percent of all journeys in the city are by public transport – a European record. Vienna is also the only major capital with a significant winegrowing industry within the city limits. Vienna is not just a federal province and capital city, it is also a winegrowing region in its own right with 660 hectares of land under vines (about 80 percent white wine varieties).
Vienna's Restaurant Scene
Click here for a list with adresses of restaurants
CULINARY AVANT-GARDE
With a strong, well-established and creative mainstream dining culture, avant-garde and haute cuisine face some pretty stiff competition in Vienna – but they are alive and well, spearheaded by Steirereck, widely recognized as the best restaurant in Austria. The UK's Restaurant Magazine 2018 ranks it the 14th best restaurant in the world. Starting life more than 40 years ago as a corner tavern, over the decades Steirereck has gone from strength to strength, living through nouvelle cuisine before becoming one of the pioneers of the new regional focus in culinary innovation, under Heinz Reitbauer senior. Since the restaurant moved to its current location in Stadtpark, Heinz Reitbauer junior has developed a thoroughly unique brand of cookery that showcases unusual vegetables and herbs to create astonishing flavors.
Young chef Silvio Nickol has also enjoyed success at the restaurant in the Palais Coburg luxury hotel with his creative, meticulous Franco-Viennese cuisine, as has Walter Bauer in his tiny gourmet paradise under centuries-old vaulted ceilings. Markus Mraz continues to break boundaries with his avant-garde creations, and Konstantin Filippou serves some of the most modern and elaborate cuisine in the country at his simply-decorated yet elegant restaurant in a quieter part of the first district. Run by Christian Petz – Witzigmann protégé, culinary visionary, haute cuisine dropout and critic – no one should miss the Mediterranean, Viennese and French-inspired fusion cuisine at Petz im Gusshaus.
Viennese cuisine is not the only style of cookery on the menu in the Austrian capital – a lively international restaurant scene is full of culinary traditions that have their own distinctive identity, or are too exotic to be subsumed into the broader church of Viennese cuisine. Italian food is far and away the most popular foreign food among the Viennese. Over 500 restaurants in Vienna serve up the powerful flavors and delightfully uncomplicated classics of Italian fare: from simple panini and Friulian delicacies in Cantina Osteria Friulana, to an Italian meal of several courses in the exclusive Fabios.
Just as surprising is the slow but steady progress made by French cuisine, which had until recently found it surprisingly difficult to gain a foothold. Choice examples are the high quality brasserie food served at Le Salzgries, and the more down-to-earth bistro dishes at Beaulieu. In contrast, the Asian restaurant scene is thriving. ON, ON Market, Chinabar an der Wien and Goldene Zeiten all showcase the endless diversity of Chinese regional cookery. An astonishing variety of Japanese cuisine and cookery approaches can be found at the refined Unkai in the Grand Hotel, hypermodern Shiki, hip urban restaurant Mochi and its larger offshoot Klon Iki in the new Belvedere quarter close to the Main Station (Hauptbahnhof), Karma Ramen and Sakai. But it's the Vietnamese restaurant scene that is truly buzzing at the moment. The best are Pho Sai Gon, Good Morning Vietnam, Le Viet and Vietthao.
And there is a huge diversity of other options too: Israeli cuisine at Neni and a branch of Miznon opened by star Tel Aviv-based chef Eyal Shani, Indonesian, Nepalese, Tibetan, Caribbean, Georgian, Polish, Bulgarian, Kurdish, and Afghan cuisine – there have even been Uyghur and Kyrgyz restaurants in Vienna.
THE CITY'S PALATE
Vienna's café and restaurant scene is the city's palate and a sounding board for the latest trends – which it does not always react to immediately, but perhaps more reliably for taking its time. Sustainability is used as an umbrella term to describe the seemingly irresistible trend towards consumers making more conscious and ethical choices. In a city like Vienna, where it seems that the focus is first and foremost on enjoyment, it might sound contradictory to talk about sustainability – but that is far from the case.
Motto am Fluss, for example, is one of the hippest and most talked-about places in the whole city. At this fashionable restaurant located right on the Danube Canal, with a sun terrace and attached café, all of the food served is made using almost exclusively organic ingredients. At Gustl kocht everything is 100% organic. At Manameierei, a highly popular breakfast joint in a picture-postcard location on the fringes of the Vienna Woods, the majority of products come from the local area. The concept café by Vienna's trendiest bakery, Joseph, focuses on organic and regional slow food products. And regional products and producers are at the heart of the elegant contemporary cuisine available at the Brasserie & Bakery in The Guesthouse hotel, designed by Sir Terence Conran. Meanwhile, Heuer am Karlsplatz is all about getting the best out of the ingredients available, a number of which are in fact grown in raised beds directly outside the restaurant.
Change and modernization are also afoot in the world of confectionery and sweet dishes, even though people long believed that the Bohemian desserts perfected in Vienna could never be improved on. A new generation is putting a twist on the classics. Joseph Bistro works almost exclusively with Austrian products, baking tarts with mirabelle plums rather than lemons. Ice cream flavored with mountain herbs or lychee, rose and raspberry can be found at Gregors Konditorei, and made using organic milk and elderflower, asparagus, or goat's cheese at Eis-Greissler, completely free of artificial preservatives or coloring. And at Veganista, two young women are proving that it is possible to make fantastic ice cream without milk or cream – with no little success. Queuing up outside the attractive ice cream parlors is still an inevitability, even though there are five of them in Vienna these days.
CULINARY HOTSPOTS
Modern, pioneering ideas have the potential to make people sit up and pay attention, and in many cases have proved to be the inspiration behind some of the capital's most popular culinary hotspots – of which there are certainly plenty. This keeps the whole city guessing where the next one will pop up. The Naschmarkt's famous atmosphere, combined with its attractive mix of Art Nouveau market buildings and contemporary bars and cafés is no longer a secret. And Yppenplatz in Ottakring, originally a much more alternative destination, has become well known to the mainstream eating and drinking public with its many wine bars, restaurants and cafés. Opened in 2001, MuseumsQuartier is not only one of the ten biggest cultural centers in the world – it's also a large hub for events and restaurants, and combined with the neighboring Spittelberg area is considered Vienna's biggest sidewalk café. The Karmelitermarkt in the traditionally Jewish heart of the second district is another great location, especially at the weekend.
But what's next? Where in the city will the next wave of hip eateries spring up? One hot favorite is the new business university campus next to the Messe Wien convention center, where eight new designer cafés and restaurants opened in the space of just one week in fall 2013. The quiet streets of Margareten, Vienna's fifth district, which until now have lived in the shadow of the Naschmarkt and the established scene surrounding Freihausgasse, are also a possibility. Vorgartenmarkt in the second district, is clearly blossoming, as is the Meidlinger Markt in the twelfth. The winds of change clearly seem to be blowing in the hitherto less salubrious part of town around Reindorfgasse and Schwendermarkt in the fifteenth district (Fünfhaus). Mariahilfer Strasse, Vienna's longest shopping street located directly between the lively sixth and seventh districts, has an extended pedestrian zone that is starting redefining the local bar and restaurant scene – as a barometer of evolving culinary trends.
BRUNCHING OUT
Right across the city a new trend is making waves: breakfast. The number of cool breakfast cafés has grown exponentially in recent years, with the pace of growth so fast that people might ask whether the Viennese had simply opted to skip the most important meal of the day before they started springing up. Of course that isn't true, but eating out for breakfast is the in thing to do right now, with delicacies like eggs benedict, homemade wild berry jam, organic yoghurt and fair trade coffee all on the menu.
Breakfast at Meierei im Stadtpark, attached to Steirereck, is so popular that a reservation is essential. Space can also be tight in the Bakery at the hip Hotel Daniel, fashionable Ulrich on Spittelberg as well as the stunning Palm House in the Burggarten. Thanks to its central location and fantastic service, the Guesthouse Brasserie & Bakery has also quickly become a very popular breakfast venue. Vienna coffeehouse doyens Querfeld operate a beautiful pavilion in Schönbrunn Palace gardens and as a brunch location by the name of Jausenstation. The delicacies on offer at Ansari include a traditional Georgian breakfast. The Salonplafond restaurant at the MAK has gone all out to make the first meal of the day the best meal of the day. Even restaurants that until now have been regarded as evening hotspots, like upscale Italian Fabios, have started serving elaborate city breakfasts.
QUICK SNACK
Obviously there might not be much time left for lunch after such a leisurely breakfast, but Vienna has plenty of great options for those in search of a quick snack. Top of the list are the city's legendary sausage stands, a Viennese institution and the places to sample a "Heisser" – a hot Burenwurst or Klobasse (similar to a Polish sausage), or a slice of Leberkäse – a kind of baked bologna meat loaf – enjoy a pair of frankfurters (the name Viennese give Wiener sausages), or of course savor the incomparable Käsekrainer, a sausage stuffed with cheese. The city center still boasts the greatest concentration of sausage stands, and a large number of kebab stands have also sprung up in recent years.
Another option is to pick up some classic open sandwiches from Trzesniewski – traditional Viennese take-away. Or try one of the fabulous sandwiches at Schwarzen Kameel: their display cabinet offers 20 different varieties, and the line of people waiting can get very long around midday. Anyone that prefers Italian should head to the hip Pizzeria Disco Volante for original Neapolitan pizza, or to 1500 Foodmakers for dishes with a more Italian-American twist. Wulfisch serves fish rolls just like they do in Hamburg, and at Verde 1080 guests can pick up the best take-away burger in the city – to enjoy with one of 400 specially selected beers from microbreweries around the world. Bao Bar specializes in Korean-style filled rolls made from yeast dough, Schachtelwirt cooks up traditional Viennese cuisine (also suitable for takeaway customers) fresh each day, while Chinese crêpes top the billing at Yong Streetfood. Gorilla Kitchen sells delicious burritos, ultra-cool o.m.k has the city's best takeaway sushi, Hildegard Wurst specializes in New York style hot dogs, the gourmet sandwiches at Marco Simoni's Bastei wouldn't be out of place in Paris. Old Quarter and Bánh mi Vienna both offer overflowing Vietnamese sandwiches worthy of Ho-Chi-Minh city, while and Cin Buffet's panini could hold their own in Rome.
So there is lots to eat in Vienna – but more than enough to drink too: a glass of good wine is a quintessential part of the Viennese lifestyle. Great quality and a good selection await in absolutely every bar, café and restaurant. The Wein & Co Bar presents an especially broad selection, while wine bar Unger und Klein has a special atmosphere, as does their branch, glazed floor-to-ceiling, in the entrance area of the Hochhaus on Herrengasse in the first district. Visitors can enjoy a drink as they soak up a fabulous view of the city on the top floor of the 25hours hotel, or alternatively the Bloom terrace bar at Hotel Lamée. At young hip wine bars MAST, Heunisch & Erben and O Boufés serve currently in-demand natural wines with appetisers and snacks. Generally speaking, a decent glass of wine awaits around virtually every corner and in every bar in the city. The craft beer scene is blossoming a little late in Vienna, but at Brickmakers Ale & Cider House and 1516 patrons can sample the avant-garde beers brewed on-site. And for those who want to end the day at the smallest, most beautiful and unruly bar in the city, there is only one place to go: Loos Bar. It's a must for anyone who wants to discover what really makes Vienna tick.
The Viennese Coffeehouse
Click here for a list with adresses of coffeehouses
An itinerary highlight for visitors to Vienna and a home from home for quite a few locals: the Viennese coffeehouse. Viennese coffeehouse culture was added to the UNESCO list of intangible cultural assets in 2011
There are around 2,400 coffeehouses in Vienna, ranging from elegant traditional cafés to simple bistros with standing room only, and from spacious café-restaurants to cozy café-patisseries. In the capital's classic coffee houses, the wait staff are still dressed in black, and the décor is as like it was in the 'good old days': wooden floors, marble-topped tables, simple Thonet chairs and plush bench seating. Traditional Viennese coffeehouses usually also have a wide range of national and international newspapers for its guests to peruse. The complimentary little glass of water served alongside each cup of coffee is an absolute must, whatever the location.
In 2011 Vienna's coffeehouse culture was added to the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage list. According the official report, "the coffeehouses are a place where patrons consume time and space, but only the coffee appears on the bill." This perfectly captures what a traditional Viennese coffeehouse has to offer – other than a delicious Melange coffee and a slice of fresh Gugelhupf. The city's coffeehouses are the ideal place to take time out, and open to all echelons of society. Then as now, the capital's coffeehouses fulfil an important social function. People go to them to philosophize, lounge about, meditate, read the paper, gossip, flirt, play billiards or chess, talk to friends and strangers about everything and anything. And, of course, enjoy coffee and the odd slice of cake.
While the coffeehouses might have changed over the years, the reasons for visiting them have very much stayed the same. As Stefan Zweig wrote in Die Welt von gestern, the café is still "a democratic club where a cup of coffee can be had cheaply and where for this small sum every guest can sit, discuss, write, play cards, receive mail and, above all, consume an unlimited number of newspapers and magazines for hours on end." The café becomes a home from home, where you can be alone in company.
The first documentary evidence of a Viennese coffeehouse dates back to an establishment on what is now Rotenturmstrasse 14 in the old town. It was opened by an Armenian by the name of Johann Diodato in 1685. Today, this address is home to Café Daniel Moser. Different groups of people have their preferred coffeehouse: the ministerial functionaries go to Café Ministerium on Georg-Coch-Platz, the art students to Prückel on Stubenring and the politicians to Landtmann on Universitätsring.
Today the poet Peter Altenberg – or at least a papier-mâché version of him – still holds court in Café Central in Herrengasse in the first district. In the first third of the 20th century this was Altenberg's postal address and where he had his Stammtisch ("regulars' table"), the place where he would meet up with Adolf Loos, one of the most important Modernist architects, and his wife Lina, the actor and essayist Egon Friedell and the writer Alfred Polgar. Today the atmosphere at Café Central is distinctly upmarket and bourgeois. During the week it is popular with businesspeople, while at the weekends visitors to the city encircle the papier-mâché poet and listen to the piano music.
Café Hawelka is also located in the first district. Its popularity and artsy image dates back to the post-war period when the little coffeehouse kept its doors open until midnight. In the 1950s and 1960s the writers, artists and intellectuals that frequented Café Hawelka turned it into the home of the anti-bourgeois oppositional artist movement. Numerous literary figures regularly met there including the members of the Wiener Gruppe (Vienna Group) – H.C. Artmann, Konrad Bayer, Gerhard Rühm and Oswald Wiener. And although a fair amount has changed at Hawelka since those times, one thing has stayed the same: it still serves delicious Buchteln (a hybrid donut/brioche creation from Bohemia, typically filled with damson jam) fresh from the oven.
Another important meeting place of the big names of turn-of-the-century Vienna (Gustav Klimt, Egon Schiele, Oskar Kokoschka, Joseph Roth, Karl Kraus, Georg Trakl, Elias Canetti, Hermann Broch, Robert Musil, Leo Perutz, Alban Berg, Franz Lehár, Oscar Strauss and Otto Wagner) was Café Museum, which first opened its doors in 1899 in a prime location by Naschmarkt and the Secession building. The pared down interiors, created by one of its later regulars Adolf Loos, provided an aesthetic counterpoint to the widespread historicist opulence found elsewhere in the city, earning it the nickname of Café Nihilism. In 1931 the interior of the café was remodeled by Josef Zotti, a student of Josef Hoffmann. After several closures and a number of redesigns, Café Museum reopened in 2010 with the Zotti design concept restored.
THE COFFEEHOUSES
There were once 27 traditional Viennese coffeehouses on the Ringstrasse Boulevard, but only precious few survived the wave of coffeehouse closures in the 1960s and 1970s. Some of them have been restored, taking them back to their former glory, such as Schwarzenberg on Kärntner Ring and Landtmann on Universitätsring. Others found themselves suddenly reborn as contemporary espresso bars.
In addition to a popular – and thriving – coffeehouse tradition, the philosophy and practices of Third Wave Coffee and the latest international coffee trends also have their place in the city: sustainability, natural purity, fair trade, direct trade, a wide variety of flavor profiles, own roasts and new and old preparation methods from cold brew to drip filter all play a role. Alternatives to traditional coffeehouses that are a far cry from the typical marble tables, Thonet chairs and waiters in black suits are booming in the city.
One such example is Kaffeefabrik on Favoritenstrasse in the fourth district. This small, quirkily decorated store sells roasts from its private roastery using beans sourced from all over the world, as well as coffee to go. Akrap Espressobar in Königsklostergasse also has its own roastery, only this time it's in Milan. The finished product is available in countless different varieties including the caffeine packed Triple Shot. POC – People On Caffeine have set up shop in a highly unusual location: the wing of a church in the eighth district. Here, customers can enjoy coffee underneath the historic vaulted ceilings from a classic espresso machine or made simply using old fashioned drip filters.
In Servitengasse, an idyllic side street in the ninth district, Caffè a Casa offers products from its own roastery. Espressomobil follows a completely different business model – having reduced the coffeehouse format to a three-wheeled Italian moped. These mobile coffee vans park up at some of the city's busiest squares in the mornings, switch on the machines and serve up premium coffee to take away until lunchtime.
Excellent coffee is also the order of the day at CaffèCouture in the grand Palais Ferstel. The beans are roasted by the barista in person at the company's other branch in the ninth district. Praterstrasse in the second district is another place for fans of fine-brewed coffee, with Supersense and Kaffeebar Balthasar among the go-to destinations. Meanwhile, at Kaffemik in the seventh district each month brings different varieties from guest roasteries. With its echoes of a colonial grocery store, Wiener Rösthaus in the eighth district roasts its own beans on site.
Erwin Gegenbauer, known locally as the "Vinegar pope", is famous for his excellent vinegars, but also roasts coffee on Naschmarkt where he offers three different blends. Aromatic freshly-roasted beans are also available from the Alt Wien roastery on Schleifmühlgasse. A number of major players on the capital's coffee scene also roast their own beans, including Aida, Julius Meinl and Naber.
People love to drink coffee in Vienna, ideally with a slice of something sweet to go with it. So it comes as no surprise to learn that the city is home to a proliferation of bakeries and pastry shops with their own cafés. While it is true that guests may not spend quite as long sitting in them as they would in a traditional coffeehouse, they certainly tend to walk out having consumed more calories. Aida, the archetypal Viennese Café-Konditorei, is a chain of around 30 café-patisseries located throughout the city. In a candy pink interior, the display cabinets are filled with cakes, pastries, croissants, strudels and much more besides. The finest baked goods and pastries can also be found at Kurkonditorei Oberlaa, with Sacher and Demel's legendary products another option. But it also goes without saying that Vienna's "normal" coffeehouses also have a wide range of sweet treats.
One thing that sets Vienna apart is the sheer variety of traditional coffee specialties on offer in the city. And although not every coffeehouse upholds this proud tradition and offers all of them, the hard and fast rule still applies: never order just a "coffee". These are just some of the options: a Schwarzer or Mokka is a strong black coffee without milk; a grosser Brauner or kleiner Brauner is a large or small black coffee with a shot of cream; a Verlängerter is a small black coffee "lengthened" with hot water and available with or without milk. A Melange is a shot of espresso "lengthened" slightly with hot water, topped up with hot milk and milk foam. Other slightly more exotic specialties include the Kapuziner (small black coffee with a few drops of cream), the Franziskaner (light Melange topped with whipped cream), the Einspänner (large Mokka in a glass with lots of whipped cream), the Fiaker (Mokka in a glass with a shot of rum) or the Türkischer (unfiltered Mokka). Numerous international varieties including Espresso, Cappuccino, Caffè Latte and Irish Coffee are now also commonly found on traditional Vienna coffeehouse menus.
And Vienna has yet another coffee-related tradition all of its own: the Coffeehouse Owners' ball (www.kaffeesiederball.at). The event is organized by the Viennese Coffeehouse Owners' Club, an association that represents traditional and innovative coffeehouses alike. Highly popular among the city's residents, this elegant ball takes place during the carnival season at the Hofburg, attracting around 6,000 guests each year.
Even if the triumphant premiere of "Don Giovanni" was in Prague, and Italy, England and Germany marked the first flowering of his gifts, without Vienna, his most important "hometown", Mozart would never have become what he still remains – the greatest musical genius in history.
Seriously, how many musicians entertain the upper crust of society as six-year-old kids? Or conduct their own compositions at the age of twelve, to the ovations of more than just family and friends? And who goes on from such an early career to bless posterity with melodies like the "Queen of the Night" from "The Magic Flute" (1791)? Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756-1791), as a composer and musician, was an exceptional phenomenon and Vienna is closely connected to him, particularly as he spent the last ten years – his most successful – in the city. Around 20 Viennese locations can rightly boast that "these rooms", "this palace", "this church" once played host to what was probably the greatest phenomenon of musical genius to appear in the last 250 years. At the beautiful cemetery of St. Marx, it is different: there, Mozart remains to this day, as one of the deceased.
Let us begin, as did Mozart, with the social and political elite. Schönbrunn Palace: it is 1762 and Mozart, just six years old, is already being called the "prodigy from Salzburg". Admittedly, his father Leopold, himself a well-known musician in the service of the Prince-Archbishop of Salzburg, has had a hand in it all. And the "Mozart family business" marks up a major success with the Habsburgs when Little Mozart plays in the Hall of Mirrors at the imperial summer residence, and the "mother of the nation", Empress Maria Theresia and her family are duly impressed. And when, as the story goes, the six-year-old afterwards jumps up on to the Empress' lap, their enchantment knows no bounds.
Four years later, in 1768, Empress Maria Theresia and Mozart, still very much a child, meet again on two occasions. At the Vienna Hofburg, the Empress grants Mozart, now an artist of considerable international experience, an audience of two hours. And for the consecration of the Waisenhauskirche on Rennweg, Mozart, at the tender age of twelve, writes his Waisenhausmesse, which he conducts himself in the presence of Maria Theresia. Back to the Hofburg: years later, in 1781, Mozart spends Christmas Eve here – more precisely, in the imperial apartments. The host this time is Austria's enlightened Emperor Joseph II.
Five years have passed. It is 1786, in the Schönbrunn Orangery, and Mozart faces a more serious challenge. The 30-year-old composer, already at the zenith of his career, is before the musical "Argus eyes" of Joseph II, in direct competition with Joseph's court Kapellmeister Salieri. Mozart's "Impresario" is going into the ring with Salieri's "Prima la musica e poi le parole". Posterity shakes its head over the Habsburg ruler's decision, but Salieri wins. Mozart, for his part, is confirmed in his distaste for the court, its ceremonial, and above all, for "playing the lackey".
The "Viennese" Mozart, however, is not only a denizen of the court. The vivacious artist, who is forever challenging society's conventions, also has a private life. He is even a caring father, as shown by his efforts to secure his oldest son, Carl Thomas, a place at the school of the Piaristen (Order of the Pious Schools). In a letter to his wife Constanze, on October 9, 1791, he wrote: "…at 10 o'clock I'll be going to the offices of the Piaristen, because Leitgeb told me that I can speak to the headmaster then." To this day, the Piaristen run not only an excellent school, but also a good restaurant – the Piaristenkeller – where guests can enjoy one of Mozart's favorite dishes, "Kapaundl" (capon) with morels.
In 1781, in the wake of a dispute, Salzburg's head chamberlain Count Arco, ends Mozart's employment with the Prince-Archbishop with a kick in the rump at Vienna's Deutschordenshaus /House of the Teutonic Order ("sent out the door with a kick in the arse"). Mozart, forced to fend for himself, turns once again to the Vienna nobility and their patronage. Even as a child, he appeared at the Auersperg, Harrach, Kinsky and Pallfy palaces with his sister Nannerl, under the watchful eye of his father. In 1786, as a 30-year-old, Mozart conducts a private performance of the opera "Idomeneo" at Palais Auersperg.
Another patron is the director of the National Library, Gottfried van Swieten – the son of Maria Theresia's famed personal physician Gerard van Swieten, who is immortalized to this day as a pillar of the monarchy in the monument to the Empress between the Museums of Fine Arts and Natural History. In 1786, the same year as the Auersperg appearance, the younger Van Swieten invites Mozart to a "Sunday academy", that is, a concert. Van Swieten junior has gone down in history as one of Mozart's most important supporters and patrons.
The private but above all the happy Mozart can best be seen at Mozarthaus Vienna, which was opened in January 2006 as a Mozart center in and around one of the original Mozart locations. It was at Domgasse 5, in the heart of Vienna, that the creator of "The Magic Flute" (1791) and "The Abduction from the Seraglio" (1782) probably spent his happiest and most successful years. From 1784 and 1787 he lived on the first floor. Entering this apartment with its four large and two small rooms, and its own kitchen, one still senses the prestigious ambiance of this address. Small wonder that these lodgings saw the creation of what was perhaps Mozart's most enjoyable opera, "The Marriage of Figaro" (1786). Covering one thousand square meters, the Mozart center is an absolute must for Mozart fans in Vienna.
Let us remain in the heart of the city. A place with equally fond memories for the Mozart family must have been St. Stephen's Cathedral, where Wolfgang married his beloved Constanze (née Weber) in 1782. Even if Mozart scholars tell us that the newlywed husband was rather lukewarm in describing his wife's beauty ("she is not ugly, but also far from beautiful"), there is no doubt as to her cheerfulness and loyalty even at the most difficult points in his career. This strong bond is further indicated by their six children – of whom only two, however, survived infancy. The "Steffl", as the Viennese affectionately call their cathedral to this day, also played a role in the end of Mozart's life. After Mozart's death on December 5, 1791, his remains were carried here in a funeral procession, to receive their final blessing in the adjoining Kruzifixkapelle.
Mozart's death also took place in the heart of the city, at Rauhensteingasse 8. The actual deathplace has long since vanished. Today it is the site of one of Vienna's best-known department stores, "Steffl". Mozart's famous, unfinished Requiem – in a sense his musical legacy to the world – cannot be heard here.
St. Marx Cemetery is the final resting place of Europe's greatest musician, the creator of numerous operas, masses and immortal melodies. No one can point to the precise location of his grave with one hundred percent certainty to this day: Mozart was buried in an unmarked "shaft grave" with four or five other deceased, as it was the custom of the time.
Mozart's resurrection began just a few days after his premature death. A requiem service was held at St. Michael's Church at the instigation of Emanuel Schikaneder – director of the Theater an der Wien and commissioner of "The Magic Flute" (1791), during which Mozart's last piece, the unfinished Requiem, is believed to have been heard for the first time.
As to Mozart and posterity, even if he was denied consistent acclaim during his own lifetime, the situation changed immediately upon his death. "The Magic Flute" became an unparalleled success, and his many other pieces were increasingly recognized as pinnacles of music-making.
Prominent among the many spots that recall the composer is the Mozart memorial in the Burggarten, created in 1896. At Vienna's large Central Cemetery, a further monument to Mozart has stood among the Graves of Honor since 1891 – in direct proximity to those of other composers such as Beethoven and Strauss. Also worth a look is the Mozart Fountain at Mozartplatz in the fourth district, also known as the Magic Flute Fountain, since this group of bronze figures (unveiled in 1905) portray the main characters of the opera, the flute-playing Tamino in the embrace of Pamina. For those in need of sustenance, the great musician can also be remembered at Café Mozart, just behind the State Opera.
The Haus der Musik (House of Music) takes a different approach. It devotes a room to Mozart where original objects from his life are on display, and modern infotainment media allow visitors to "conduct" an unforgiving Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra in "Eine Kleine Nachtmusik" (1787). "Namadeus", the interactive computer programme based on Mozart's musical game KV 516f, offers visitors the opportunity to playfully turn their names into original Mozart interpretations.
The Vienna Tourist Board is happy to be of service to Vienna's visitors. City maps with a list of museums, hotel guides, a monthly calendar of events, gastronomy tips and other information in many languages are all available free of charge by calling +43-1-24 555 or mailing info@vienna.info. Hotel enquiries and reservations are also taken. The website www.vienna.info/en features an extensive database of events and many useful hints for your stay in Vienna in 13 languages.
The capital's main Tourist Info is located just behind the Vienna State Opera on Albertinaplatz-corner of Maysedergasse, 1010 Vienna. Visitors to the capital can make the most of the expert advice on offer from the Vienna Tourist Board employees on site. Tourist Info Vienna, open daily from 9am to 7pm, offers room reservations, free brochures, the Vienna City Card, free WiFi and a host of information on sightseeing, events and day trips. An info desk and ticket counter are fitted with an inductive system for the hard of hearing. Wheelchair users can access a roll-under service point, which is equipped with a tablet.
The Jirsa theater ticket box office offers last-minute tickets at the Tourist Info on Albertinaplatz between 2pm and 5pm for performances the same night. Discounted tickets must be paid for in cash. The handling fee is EUR 3.50 per ticket. It is not possible to book last-minute tickets by telephone.
Additional (smaller) tourist information offices can be found at Vienna Main station (Hauptbahnhof, open daily 9am-7pm) and Vienna International Airport (open daily 7am-10pm).
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Sponsors of the 13th annual meeting in Vienna
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Vienna 2019 Program-Booklet
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2018 AARES – Adelaide
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2016 AAWE – Montpellier


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text:
Golf: Desert Hills looks for sixth-straight state title
Justin Giles
jgiles@thespectrum.com
ST. GEORGE – From Jack Nicklaus, John Wooden, to the New York Yankees and the Chicago Bulls, there have been a lot of dominant individual and team performances over the last century.
Now it's time to add the Desert Hills girls golf team to that list after winning its fifth-straight 3A title last year. The Thunder currently hold the record for most consecutive championships in any classification, and look not only to defend their crown next month, but to keep the streak going.
"We definitely have a target on our back this year," Katie Perkins said. "There is definitely a lot of pressure to repeat, but I think we can do it." We lost just one senior from last season and have a lot of talented girls on the team this year."
Perkins, a senior and Utah Valley University commit, has helped lead the way by taking the top spot the last two years and will be counted on again to help lead the charge for the Thunder.
"I strive to be like her," teammate Kyla Smith said. "If I could someday perform like she does, I would be set. She has the skills, a great attitude and is a great team leader."
Smith, will also be another player that will counted on by head coach Laurie Dyer throughout the remainder of the season. Only a junior, Smith finished in the top 10 at state last year and was recently selected to participate in the premier "Border Wars" Jay Don Blake Cup, a junior team golf tournament which puts the top Utah golfers against Nevada.
That talent has helped Desert Hills remain undefeated on the season as they cruised to a 30-shot victory in last week's Region 9 tournament. All six golfers (Perkins, Smith, Tori Thomas, K'jhana Plant, Bailee Carmack and Abby Morris) shot under 50 in the nine-hole contest.
"It was the first time this season that we had everyone under 50," Dyer said during practice at Sun River Golf Club. "I'm so proud of them and it's a testament of the time they continue to put in each week in order to get better."
So what's the secret to Desert Hills' success over the years?
Depending on who you ask, it's a little bit of everything.
"I don't know exactly what it is, but Laurie does a great job at getting the most out of the girls and they really respond," Desert Hills principal Rusty Taylor said. "The community does a great job helping out and gets involved to make sure the girls have what they need in order to be successful."
Desert Hills assistant coach Jerry Dyer echoed Taylor's sentiment saying, "We've had great community support, and Sun River has been so gracious with us to use their facilities and they really go out of their way to make us fill right at home."
Current and former players attribute most of the success to the Dyer's who have developed a friendly and family atmosphere within the team.
"We are a close-knit team, we work well together and we are all friends," Smith said. "We don't act like a team; we act more like a family."
Sisters Hannah and Sarah Folks — both who play at Dixie State now — agree that the Dyer's are nothing short of spectacular.
"They are the same people on and off the course, and they treat everyone like family," Hannah said. "We haven't been on the high school team in five years and we will still go over and barbecue with them. They never forget you."
"The most unique thing about them is that they really care about you as a person," Sarah added. "They care about your social and academic life, and not just and how well you perform on the team."
"I remember during my senior year, my grandma passed away the day before one of our tournaments. I had to play because the rosters were already in. Laurie really helped me out that day and has always been there to support me," Sarah said. "I will never forget that."
While winning is a great thing, building friendships and lasting relationships is what it is really all about.
"I love all of my girls," Laurie said. "Winning isn't everything and the relationships that are built throughout the season is what it is all about."
Follow Justin Giles on Twitter @Justingiles22.
Perkins gets eagle, Desert Hills wins at Sunbrook
Richens posts top score, Desert Hills wins region opener
Perkins wins again, Warriors, Panthers set personal bests
Desert Hills sweeps tournament at Sand Hollow


After your round you might want to utilize our snack bar for refreshments. Appetizers, Burgers, Chicken, Sausages, Pizza and an ample selection of snacks are readily available. Of course, a variety of domestic and craft beers are at hand as well as soda, bottled water and assorted specialty drinks. Our friendly staff is always present to offer a shoulder to cry on for that errant shot hit a little to hard over the #5 green.
Rolling Greens Golf Course is the ideal site to hold your outing or company tournament. We have more than enough room to facilitate your party and the golf course would certainly be enjoyed by your group. Our kitchen is available to prepare buffets of any type you would desire. The bar area is also large enough to accommodate your group.
Rolling Greens Golf Course is owned and managed by Sharlene Dock and Curt Radle. Be sure to stop in and say, "hello".


text:
Reino Unido - Royal Veterinary College, Londres
De WikiVet Español
(Redirigido desde «RVC»)
Establecido 1791
Contacto Camden Campus
The Royal Veterinary College
Royal College Street
Hawkshead Campus
Hawkshead Lane
Ver veterinarios otras escuelas
El Royal Veterinary College forma parte de la Universidad de Londres y es uno de los Hospitales Unidos. Fundada en 1791, es el más grande y más antigua universidad de veterinaria en el Reino Unido. Es uno de los 18 colegios independientes de la Universidad de Londres. La reputación de la universidad por la excelencia y su trabajo pionero en la enseñanza, investigación y servicios clínicos significa que son capaces de innovar y mantenerse a la vanguardia de la teoría y la práctica.
The foundation of The Veterinary College, London, in 1791 marked the establishment of the veterinary profession in the UK. In the racing seasons of 1769 and 1770 the racecourses of England were dominated by one horse, Eclipse. Eclipse was a sufficiently important horse to make it necessary to carry out a post mortem, but there was no veterinary school and no qualified veterinarian in the country except the Frenchman Charles Benoit Vial de St Bel. St Bel attended the corpse of the famous racehorse and subsequently published his post-mortem findings. The Veterinary College, London, was born in the parish of St Pancras in 1791, on the present-day site of The Royal Veterinary College's Camden Town campus. On 4 January 1792, the first four students attended the College to begin a three-year course intended to cover all aspects of the veterinary art.
The College provides a number of undergraduate courses, including the Bachelor of Veterinary Medicine (BVetMed) as well as accelerated graduate entry BVetMed and a combined BVetMed, BSC (Hons) degree. BSc (Hons) degrees are also provided in veterinary nursing, bioveterinary sciences and veterinary pathology, and a foundation degree in veterinary nursing is also offered. The College also offers the Gateway course; a one-year preparatory course, designed to equip students with the knowledge, understanding and skills you need to join a career-building veterinary degree course. This is a widening participation programme for UK non-selective state school students whose parents have not been to university and who receive, or would be eligible for, an Education Maintenance Allowance payment. The Distance Learning department offer an attractive option for those with work, family or financial constraints, to gain a London University qualification without coming to London. In addition to these undergraduate courses, the Graduate School provides masters courses, PhD studentships and clinical training scholarships in a wide range of disciplines. The College's Continuing Professional Development (CPD) Unit is the UK's largest academic provider of educational services to the veterinary community.
Research at the Royal Veterinary College is of international quality. The Research Assessment Exercise in 2008 ranked the RVC as England's best veterinary school, amongst institutions whose research is exclusively veterinary related. A total of 55% of their submitted academic staff were viewed as producing "world class" or "internationally excellent" research. As a self-governing college within the University of London, a unique blend of basic and clinical scientists work together in interdisciplinary teams within one research division. The College has built a very strong academic discipline in Veterinary Epidemiology and Public Health with complementary research interests. All are veterinarians and they facilitate interactions between basic and clinical scientists, in many areas of their research.
The disciplines of Epidemiology, Microbiology, Pathology, Immunology and Clinical Science are drawn together in the Centre for Emerging, Endemic and Exotic Diseases (CEEED Centre), opened in 2008 and designed to facilitate multi-disciplinary research in Infectious Diseases.
Animal Welfare is fundamental to the RVC's research mission and underpins their research programmes; the establishment of an Animal Welfare Unit at the College is an important development. Understanding how animals and people move is fundamental to musuloskeletal health and diseases that result from ageing, physical activity and the environment. The Structure and Motion Laboratory has world leading facilities to study locomotion. The leaders of this Centre of Excellence are at the forefront of developing technologies to study animal movement which are used in both basic and applied research.
The RVC is unique among European Vet Schools in having a Centro de investigación clinical, co-ordinating disciplined study of its clinical caseload through its electronic patient record system and undertaking Phase II Clinical Trials under a Home Office license. They aim to translate research into solutions for veterinary and human medicine and use their expertise and veterinary patient caseload to undertake comparative research of of both biomedical and veterinary significance.
El Royal Veterinary College (RVC) is the UK's longest-established vet school and one of the most highly regarded institutions of its kind in Europe.
The small and large animal hospitals treat over 20,000 patients per year. They pride themselves on a strong customer focus, and this, together with first-class clinical services and treatment provides a valuable service for both the general public and the profession. The RVC runs three animal hospitals and three first opinion practices all based within London and Hertfordshire. For small animals, they run the Beaumont Animals' Hospital, a first opinion hospital that is based in RVC Camden and the Queen Mother Hospital for Animals; a high quality animal referral hospital, providing state of the art clinical services in a wide range of specialities. Servicios equinos incluyen el Clínica Equina un servicio ambulatorio de primera opinión, que sirve Hertfordshire y otras zonas locales y el Hospital Equino de Segunda Opinión que proporciona servicios de segunda opinión a clínicas equinas y propietarios de caballos en todo el sur de Inglaterra. La Universidad también tiene una Farm Animal Practice de primera opinión que sirve a fincas en el sur-este, proporcionando un servicio de 24-horas para todos los aspectos de salud de animales de producción, la producción y el bienestar. El centro de segunda opinión Farm Animal Hospital basado en el RVC Hawkshead Campus, proporciona hospitalización completa, servicios de diagnóstico y quirúrgica para animales de granja individuales. La Universidad también ha establecido una colaboración con el Centro de desarrollo lácteos llamado el Centro Regional Galesa de Veterinaria (WRVC), un servicio de investigación agrícola de salud disponible a los veterinarios y los agricultores de la región al sur de Gales. Los laboratorios de la universidad ofrecen un completo servicio diagnostico profesional utilizado por todos los departamentos del Royal Veterinary College y por clínicas ambos en el Reino Unido como el extranjero.
Camden Campus
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Categoria:Europa
Obtenido de «https://es.wikivet.net/index.php?title=Reino_Unido_-_Royal_Veterinary_College,_Londres&oldid=81»


Food deserts are areas that lack access to affordable fruits, vegetables, whole grains, low-fat milk, and other foods that make up a full and healthy diet (1). Many Americans living in rural, minority, or low-income areas are subjected to food deserts and may be unable to access affordable, healthy foods, leaving their diets lacking essential nutrients.
Rural, minority, and low income areas are often the sites of food deserts because they lack large, retail food markets and have a higher number of convenience stores, where healthy foods are less available (2). Studies have shown that food deserts can negatively affect health outcomes but more research must be done to show how that influence occurs. There appears to be a link between access to affordable nutritious foods and the eating of these foods, meaning less access may lead to less incorporation of healthy foods into the populations' diets.
Because there is no standard definition of a food desert, estimates of how much of the population is affected vary by quite a bit. However, it's safe to say that many Americans have limited access to affordable nutritious foods because they do not live near a supermarket or large grocery store. Transportation is specifically part of the USDA food desert definition. Only common theme among food desert definitions is that there is limited access. Either cite USDA or delete.
Food deserts can be improved through several different types of efforts. Establishing a community garden where participants share in the maintenance and products of the garden and organizing local farmers markets are two efforts that community members themselves can do (3, 4). Local governments can improve local transportation like buses and metros to allow for easier access to established markets (5). They can also change zoning codes and offer economic or tax incentives to attract retailers with healthier food offerings to the area (6).
Food deserts are a big problem for many Americans that may limit their ability to eat healthy and nutritious foods on a regular basis. However, there are a variety of ways that local governments and community members can both improve food access in their neighborhoods.
Maria is a 60-year-old woman living in a low-income area of St. Louis. As she's gotten older, she hasn't been able to get around as well and doesn't have a car. She usually eats a lot of unhealthy and microwavable foods because the closest store to her apartment is the local convenience store around the corner. She wishes that she could eat better and begins talking to some of her neighbors and other families in the building to get their input. Maria and her next-door neighbor Sylvia organize all the residents in their building to establish a community garden on the roof of the building so that they will all have fresh fruits and vegetables to share.


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Pope Francis is greeted by Libero Milone (R), the Vatican's auditor general, during a meeting at the Vatican, April 1, 2016.
Vatican City: The Vatican's first auditor-general, who resigned without explanation in June, has broken his silence, saying he was forced to step down with trumped-up accusations after discovering evidence of possible illegal activity.
Speaking to reporters from four media organisations including Reuters in the office of his lawyers in Rome, Libero Milone also said he believed that some in the Vatican wanted to slow down Pope Francis's efforts at financial reform.
He said he could not give details of the irregularities he had found because of non-disclosure agreements. Reuters was unable to independently verify his assertions, which the Vatican strongly contested.
The Holy See's deputy secretary of state, Archbishop Giovanni Angelo Becciu, told Reuters in an interview that Milone's claims were "false and unjustified".
"He went against all the rules and was spying on the private lives of his superiors and staff, including me," Becciu said.
"If he had not agreed to resign, we would have prosecuted him." Domenico Giani, the Vatican's police chief, told Reuters there had been "overwhelming evidence" against Milone. Neither Becciu nor Giani provided details to support their assertions.
The 69-year-old left the Vatican two years after being hired with great fanfare to introduce more transparency into the sometimes murky finances at the headquarters of the Roman Catholic Church.
At the time of his resignation, with three years left on his contract, neither the Vatican nor Milone, formerly chairman and CEO of the global accounting firm Deloitte in Italy, gave any explanation for his departure. A Vatican statement at the time said only that it was "by mutual agreement".
Milone, who had also worked for the United Nations (UN) and the car giant Fiat, said Becciu had ordered him to resign on the morning of June 19. Milone was told he was being dismissed on the basis of a seven-month investigation by Vatican police.
"The facts presented to me on the morning of the 19th were fake, fabricated," he said. "I was in shock. All the reasons had no credible foundation." Both Becciu and Giani, the police chief, said Milone had been given a choice: resign or face public prosecution by the Vatican's courts. "In a certain sense, we were protecting his reputation," Becciu said.
Milone said he had been accused of misuse of funds for hiring an outside firm to check the security of computers in the Vatican offices where he worked with a staff of 14, including two deputy auditors-general.
A document from the Vatican prosecutor authorising the search of his offices on the day of his resignation, which Milone's lawyers showed to reporters, said he had carried out investigations "in clear violation" of the statutes of his department.
It was not clear which statutes were said to have been violated. Article two of the statutes says the auditor-general has "full autonomy and independence", including to "receive and investigate any reports on anomalous activities" of Vatican entities.
"My work has to be independent. It is very difficult to act with independence when departments blocked our activity or tried to control it," he said.
The search warrant also said he had looked into the affairs of high-ranking Church members without authorisation.
Milone said this referred to him looking into suspicions about the possible conflict of interest of an Italian cardinal, whom he declined to name. His investigation found nothing, but Milone said he believed he was being punished for starting it in the first place.
He said his troubles had begun on the morning of September 27, 2015, when he suspected that his office computer had been tampered with. He contacted an external company that had done work for him before to check for surveillance devices "because there are no such specialised people" in the Vatican.
The company discovered that his computer had been the target of an unauthorised access, and that his secretary's computer had been infected with spyware that copied files.
Reuters was not able to independently determine which company had been hired or its findings.
Becciu said there was proof that the outside contractor had been helping Milone to spy on others.
Milone said that, after about 12 hours of questioning by Vatican police, he had decided to sign a resignation letter in order to "protect my family and my reputation".
Asked why he had waited three months before telling his side of the story, Milone said he had wanted to think "and let things settle".
"I wrote to the pope in mid-July and gave him my point of view, explaining that the whole thing was a set-up," he said, adding that the pope had not replied.
Becciu said the pope had been told of the investigation and the evidence before Milone was asked to resign.


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text:
using Telerik.Web.UI;

#endregion

namespace DotNetNuke.Web.UI.WebControls
{
    public class DnnGridDataItem : GridDataItem
    {
        public DnnGridDataItem(GridTableView ownerTableView, int itemIndex, int dataSetIndex) : base(ownerTableView, itemIndex, dataSetIndex)
        {
        }

        public DnnGridDataItem(GridTableView ownerTableView, int itemIndex, int dataSetIndex, GridItemType itemType) : base(ownerTableView, itemIndex, dataSetIndex, itemType)
        {
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    }
}


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