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I will review the Insulinx Glucose Meter as soon as available.
Abbott's New FreeStyle® InsuLinx Blood Glucose Monitoring System Receives FDA Clearance
The Newest Meter in Abbott's Portfolio of Products Features Automated Logbook, Touch Screen Interface and USB Connectivity for Plug-and-Play Reports
Alameda, California — Abbott (NYSE: ABT) today announced that it has received U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) clearance for the FreeStyle InsuLinx Blood Glucose Monitoring System,[i] the first from Abbott to include a touch-screen interface, automated logbook and several personalization features designed to improve the diabetes management experience for patients. This unique device is also equipped with built-in FreeStyle Auto-Assist software that enables patients to track progress, analyze trends and easily display data for their health care providers. The FreeStyle InsuLinx System will be available to U.S. consumers within the coming months.
According to the American Diabetes Association (ADA), approximately 25.8 million people in the United States have diabetes,[ii] and of those, many require insulin to manage their condition. The FreeStyle InsuLinx System is the newest addition to Abbott's portfolio of glucose monitoring systems and is designed to use FreeStyle technology to help insulin-using patients monitor their blood glucose levels to allow them to more effectively manage their condition. Specifically, the FreeStyle InsuLinx System offers:
Touch screen designed for ease of use
Automated logbook that assists with tracking logged insulin doses and blood glucose levels
Personalization features, including the ability to upload weekly messages, pre-and post-meal markers and a personal photograph to the home screen
FreeStyle Auto-Assist software that can be uploaded to a computer via USB connectivity and is designed to help people with diabetes, health care teams and caregivers manage diabetes with reports, reminders and messages
The new FreeStyle InsuLinx blood glucose monitor includes an automated logbook, easy-to-use touch screen and personalization features.
The FreeStyle InsuLinx System is compatible with the FreeStyle InsuLinx blood glucose test strips.
"The new FreeStyle InsuLinx System represents Abbott's latest advancement in delivering innovative products for people with diabetes who use insulin," said Heather L. Mason, senior vice president, Abbott Diabetes Care. "The improved functionality, data sharing tools and personalization features are designed to improve the diabetes management experience for patients. We are excited to make this product available to diabetes patients in the United States."
About Abbott Diabetes Care
Abbott Diabetes Care, based in Alameda, California, is a leader in developing, manufacturing and marketing glucose monitoring systems designed to help people better manage their diabetes. Additional information about Abbott Diabetes Care may be found at www.abbottdiabetescare.com.
About Abbott
Abbott (NYSE: ABT) is a global, broad-based health care company devoted to the discovery, development, manufacture and marketing of pharmaceuticals and medical products, including nutritionally, devices and diagnostics. The company employs approximately 91,000 people and markets its products in more than 130 countries.
[i] FreeStyle and related brand marks are trademarks of Abbott Diabetes Care Inc. in various jurisdictions.
[ii] American Diabetes Association: http://www.diabetes.org/diabetes-basics/diabetes-statistics/
Ann Smith
Tina Ventura
Abbotts original posting
Things drive us NUTS about diabetes.
Type 1 cartoonist illustrates what things drive us NUTS about diabetes
It's Friday and goodness knows anyone who struggles with diabetes just might benefit from a good laugh and escape from the quiet desperation of modern life with the condition. I think I have a perfect distraction.
www.diabetes24-7.com
Convert mmol/l to mg/dl for blood sugar and various other items.
Being a border city has advantages and disadvantages, one disadvantage is having to always refer to imperial and metric units against your will. Sometimes you end up with a strange mix, I usually refer to temperature in the summer in F and temperature in the winter seems to make more sense in C.
If you know anyone in the US and have ever had a conversation about blood sugar, it may surprise you to hear how happy they are to have their fasting sugars below 100 (which in Canada would equate to about 5.5), or them to hear you explain how you had a SLIGHT low of 3.5 (which in the US would actually equate to 63).
www.attackofthesugar.com
Contour USB
Insulinx
OneTouch UltraSmart
iBGSTAR
OneTouch VerioIQ
Glucofacts
Diabetes Pilot
LogFrog DB
Glucose Buddy
Online Diabetic Management
SugarStats
How accurate are your test strips?
How long are test strips good?
Alternate Site Testing?
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Q: Estimation for operators I have seen the following estimation in some proofs:
$A^*B^*BA \leq ||B||_{op}^2 \,A^*A$ for $A,B\in B(H)$
I don't see where this inequality comes from. Do you have a proof? Thanks for your help.

A: $$\|B\|^2A^*A-A^*B^*BA=A^*(\|B\|^2I-B^*B)A\ge 0$$

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Features » Persecution » India
Christians face more persecution in Modi's India
BJP's landslide election win has emboldened Hindus to attack and threaten religious minorites
Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi (center) talks to the media on his arrival at parliament in New Delhi on June 17. His government has been accused of turning a blind eye to attacks on Christians by Hindu groups. (IANS photo)
Umar Manzoor Shah, New Delhi
With Prime Minister Narendra Modi starting his second term after leading his pro-Hindu Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) to victory in India's recent election, complaints of violence are growing from the country's persecuted Christians.
Christians face a new wave of threats from Hindu groups after the BJP retained its grip on power in May.
"A second term for the BJP has for sure boosted the morale of Hindu groups, who keep threatening and intimidating minorities for being non-Hindus in India, which they think belongs to Hindus only," Christian leader A.C. Michael, an official of the Indian chapter of the Alliance Defending Freedom, told ucanews.com.
The BJP won 303 seats in the 545-seat parliament in a landslide victory in the April-May national election following the completion of Modi's first term that began in May 2014.
Two weeks after Modi took office on May 30, violence against Christians was reported in states including Karnataka, Jharkhand, Haryana, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Pondicherry and Uttar Pradesh, Michael said.
On May 30, as Modi was taking his oath as prime minister, police in the northern state of Uttar Pradesh detained Pastor Roopsen Paswan of the Assemblies of Believers Church in Rai Bareli district.
He was arrested on charges of continuing an assembly after it was commanded to disperse. Church officials said he was released on bail the same day but was warned of dire consequences if he continued to hold church services in the district.
On June 2, Hindu groups ordered pastors in Jagannath Nagar in Maharashtra not to hold any Sunday prayer services. The pastors were threatened with violence if they refused.
A pastor and his wife were abducted by a mob of 150 Hindu activists who entered a church during Sunday prayers in the Moradabad area of Uttar Pradesh. They were later released after the intervention of village elders but were warned not to hold prayers there again.
"These are not isolated incidents but part of a great game by extremist Hindu groups to terrify minorities, particularly Christians, and render them as second-class citizens," said Peter Sony, a social activist based in New Delhi.
"They believe Christians and Muslims aren't Indians but foreign settlers who should be shown their real place."
Concerns are growing that India's secular constitution may be changed to establish a Hindu hegemony, Sony said.
Government remains apathetic
Hindu groups supporting the BJP have been promoting claims that India is the land of Hindus and religious minorities should accept Hindu dominance if they want to live there.
Open Doors, an international group monitoring religious freedom, ranks India as the 10th most dangerous country for Christians to live in.
Patsy David, a senior member of the Alliance Defending Freedom, said the government remains apathetic towards Hindu attacks on Christians because it supports the idea of making India a Hindu-only nation.
"If any Christian house is attacked by a Hindu mob and the case is reported, the police arrest the complainants and even threaten them to leave the village. This has happened on scores of occasions," he said.
David said many Christians are socially isolated in villages, with people not even allowing them to use health centers or share water from the village source.
Allen Brooks, a Christian leader based in Assam state in eastern India, said the denial of justice to Christians is specifically witnessed in the states ruled by the BJP. Police and civil administration, as well as laws, are used against Christians in a meticulous manner, he said.
"Intimidation and threats against Christians have become the new normal. Laws, police and investigations are employed to harass Christians," Brooks said.
The arrest of a Missionaries of Charity nun on allegations of selling babies and the ongoing investigations against her congregation to find out if they used funds for religious conversion are examples of such harassment, he said.
Brooks said even Christian hospitals and schools are not spared allegations of violating the anti-conversion laws that exist in seven Indian states.
Despite allegations of conversion, no Christian has been convicted of such a crime and the Christian population of India has remained less than 3 percent throughout history, Christian leaders say.
India's latest census of 2011 showed that Hindus formed 966 million or 80 percent of India's population of 1.3 billion. Muslims accounted for 172 million or 14 percent, while Christians comprised 29 million or 2.3 percent.
Persecution report highlights attacks on India's Christians
Christians plan mass movement to protest persecution in India
Religious persecution the new normal in India

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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A Brachyceratops (jelentése 'rövid szarv arcú' az ógörög βραχυ- / brakhü- 'rövid', κερατ- / kerat- 'szarv' és ωψ / -opsz 'arc' szavak összetételéből) a ceratopsia dinoszauruszok egyik neme, amely a késő kréta időszakban élt. Fosszíliáira a kanadai Alberta és az egyesült államokbeli Montana területén találtak rá. Hiányos maradványai fiatal példányok részeiből származnak, és lehetőséget nyújtanak az állat alapos megismerésére, de megnehezítik a felnőttkori méretének megbecslését.

Felfedezések és fajok

A Brachyceratops montanensis, a típusfaj, kissé ritka ceratopsia faj volt, melyet a (körülbelül 74 millió éves) Two Medicine Formációban fedeztek fel a Feketelábú Indián Rezervátumban, Észak-Montana középső részén. Az első maradványokat Charles W. Gilmore fedezte fel 1913-ban, egy évvel később pedig leírást készített róluk.

A leletanyag hiányos volt, és öt, körülbelül 1,5 méter hosszú fiatal példány összekeveredett maradványaiból állt. A feltételezés szerint ezek a példányok közösen fészkeltek, majd együtt maradtak az utódok kikelése után.

Az öt fiatal mellett a Brachyceratops egy majdnem kifejlett egyedének fosszíliája is ismertté vált, melyre Gilmore az első példányoktól 1,6 kilométerre bukkant rá, ám elképzelhető, hogy ezek a maradványok az ismert centrosaurina ceratopsiák kifejletlen alakjait képviselik. A leletek jelenleg a washingtoni Smithsonian Institution gyűjteményében találhatók.

Koponya
Az elsőként talált öt példány mellett csak egyetlen koponyát fedeztek fel, amely levált egykori tulajdonosa testéről és részben elveszett. Ennek ellenére a koponya megmutatta, hogy az állat szemei felett kisebb dudorok helyezkedtek el az ismertebb ceratopsiáknál, például a Triceratopsnál látható szarvak helyett. Az orrszarv vastag és alacsony volt, a nyakfodor pedig aránylag nagy. Sajnos a példány hiányossága nem tette lehetővé annak megállapítását, hogy a nyakfodrán más ceratopsiákéhoz hasonlóan voltak-e nyílások.

Osztályozás

A Brachyceratops a Ceratopsia alrendágba tartozik, a papagájszerű csőrrel rendelkező növényevő dinoszauruszok csoportjába (az ógörög eredetű név jelentése 'szarv arcú'), amely a kréta időszak során Észak-Amerika és Ázsia területén élt. A kréta időszak végén, mintegy 65 millió évvel ezelőtt az összes Ceratopsia kihalt.

Táplálkozás
A Brachyceratops a többi ceratopsiához hasonlóan növényevő volt. A kréta időszak során a virágos növények elterjedése "a szárazföldön földrajzilag behatárolódott", így valószínű, hogy ez az állat az időszak domináns növényeit, a páfrányokat, a cikászokat és a tűlevelűeket fogyasztotta, melyekről éles csőrével leveleket vagy tüskéket téphetett le.

Kapcsolódó szócikkek
 Avaceratops
 Centrosaurus
 Monoclonius
 Styracosaurus
 Pachyrhinosaurus

Ajánlott irodalom

Jegyzetek

Fordítás

További információk

Ceratopsiák
Kréta időszaki dinoszauruszok
Észak-Amerika dinoszauruszai

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Singapore Advanced Biologics Pte. Ltd (SABio) was founded in 2010 by two Duke-NUS professors, Prof. Mariano Garcia-Blanco and Prof. Subhash Vasudevan, who perceived unmet need in quality, on-time biologics for the research community in Singapore and the region. The vision and expertise of the founders helped SABio to efficiently attract investors. In 2011, SABio received investments from Bioveda Capital and SingHealth.
Since its foundation, SABio has established a fully operational RNA oligonucleotide synthesis facility and started building its antibody catalogue. Currently, SABio offers quality siRNAs & RNA oligos, custom siRNA library production services, ready-made antibodies, antibody production services, and synthetic peptides.
SABio's Board of Directors consists of its scientific founders, managers, investors, as well as business and scientific advisors. Each board member brings extensive knowledge and years of expertise in biotechnology environment, thus immensely contributing to SABio's research & development, product quality and growth.
Prof. Mariano Garcia-Blanco, Co-founder, Director, and Scientific Advisor, is Professor and Chair, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology at the University of Texas, Medical Branch at Galveston. He is an internationally renowned expert in RNA biology and an author of more than 120 scientific publications. Additionally, he co-founded Intronn Inc. (now VIRxSYS, Rockville, MD, USA), an RNA therapy company and Veri-Q Inc. (part of Proteome Sciences plc, Cobham, UK).
Prof. Subhash Vasudevan, Co-founder, Director, and Scientific Advisor, is a professor at Duke-NUS and an internationally recognized expert in antibody technology. He established the dengue research department at the Novartis Institute for Tropical Diseases in Singapore and is well known for his contribution to antiviral drug discovery research.
Mr. Damien Lim, Director and Investor, has 20 years of experience in private equity and investment banking with various firms including PrimePartners, Vickers Ballas, Morgan Grenfell Asia, and Bioveda Capital.
We boast expertise in siRNA, antibodies and peptides. SABio products can match or exceed the quality provided by the competitors due to our diligent quality control and assessment procedures.
siRNA and RNA Oligos. SABio laboratories are equipped with RNA oligonucleotide synthesis capabilities, as well as specialists with required technical knowledge to supply RNA oligonucleotides. We synthesise RNA oligos, including siRNAs, providing top-notch quality control which will save you time and money, enabling you to focus on downstream applications. We offer high quality RNA for customers in Singapore and all of South East Asia with minimal delivery time.
Custom siRNA Libraries. In line with our siRNA synthesis expertise, we also specialize in creation and production of custom siRNA libraries and screening sets.
Ready-Made Antibodies. SABio offers a growing range of ready-made catalogue antibodies, which can be delivered to your research facility in Singapore as fast as the same or next business day after you place your order.
Custom Antibody Services. We also provide quality custom monoclonal and polyclonal antibody production services. We deliver high-quality and reliable antibodies against your supplied antigen, and our service includes extensive testing, prompt customer support and competitive pricing.
Peptides. We offer custom peptide synthesis services complete with various modifications, purity and quantity requests. All our peptides come with HPLC and MS analysis certificates.


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Q: Why is a finite group, with a maximal subgroup which is abelian, soluble? I've come across an exercise saying the following:
If $G$ is a finite group which contains a maximal subgroup $M$ which is abelian, show that $G$ is solvable and that $G^{(3)}$ (the third term in the derived series) equals 1.
I can see that it's sufficient to show that $G^{(2)}$ is a subgroup of $M$, but am not sure how to show this. (Or even if it's true!) Please could you help me out?
Thanks in advance for your help :)
P.S. I don't know if it helps, but this is exercise 3.4.7 in Dixon and Mortimer's 'Permutation Groups'.

A: In the book by Dixon and Mortimer, you can use the previous exercise 3.4.6. in which states the following:

Let $G$ be a finite primitive permutation group with abelian point stabilizers. Show that $G$ has a regular normal elementary abelian $p$-subgroup for some prime $p$.

Now for the claim, it is enough to prove the following:

Let $G$ be a finite group with a maximal subgroup $M$ which is abelian. Then $G'' \leq M$.

Proof: By induction. If $M$ contains a normal subgroup $N \neq 1$ of $G$, then $M/N$ is a maximal subgroup of $G/N$ that is abelian, so $G''N/N \leq M/N$ by induction and thus $G'' \leq M$. Suppose then that $M$ does not contain any nontrivial normal subgroups of $G$. Then via the conjugation action on $M$, we may consider $G$ as a finite primitive permutation group with abelian point stabilizers. By exercise 3.4.6. above, $G$ has a normal abelian $p$-subgroup $N$. Now $N$ is not contained in $M$, so $G = MN$. Then $G/N$ is abelian, so $G' \leq N$ and $G'' = 1$.

A: This is a theorem of Herstein, and the proof can be found here, see Theorem $5.53$. One considers the normalizer $N_G(M)$. The easy case is that $N_G(M)>M$. Then by maximality of $M$ we have $N_G(M)=G$. Hence $M\triangleleft G$ and $G/M$ is of prime order. It follows that $M$ and $G/M$ are both solvable, hence $G$ is solvable, too.


Being a new parent is HARD. It is such a change from regular life to this new normal… especially being a work at home mom, I felt like my life was turned upside down and it was really hard to communicate that with my husband. We had several **talks** about this when my hormones were raging. But as days have pasts and schedules have gotten better so has this new normal.
However, very early on I realized something about my little guy was so different. First time I knew something was up: He didn't sleep through his new born shoot AT ALL. Ten days old and stayed up for 5 plus hours. As the days went on he wasn't asleep all the time like most newborns….he was constantly looking around trying to learn and absorb EVERYTHING. He was grumpy and I had no clue what was going on. I felt really isolated and like I was doing something wrong as a mom.
I felt so frustrated that many things weren't helping like others claimed. Colic drops, probiotics, sleep suits…. They all helped a bit but there was no magic answer. Everyone said it was colic and a flip would switch and it would go away and he would be a new baby. However, the "switch" never just flipped after 6 weeks or 3 months or 4 months.
So after some research [thanks Dr. Google] I stumbled upon Dr. Sears 12 Features of a High Needs baby. I realized my little guy fit almost every category. I finally felt like someone understood. The hours of purple crying, shushing and swaying…. other people had to do that too!
Trying lots of different things I will say Tripp has GRADUALLY improved. Once he hit 5 months and can sit up unassisted it has helped TREMENDOUSLY. He can play independently and get toys within his reach and he LOVES that. Those first few months were very hard and I can tell you when someone tells me I will miss those days I cringe. Crying for hours is not something I will EVER wish on someone. I weigh less now then when I got pregnant from all the rocking and bouncing. Many parents develop PTSD PPA or PPD from having a baby with colic… it is THAT serious and that traumatizing.
So here I am writing to hopefully help the next first time parent [or new parent to a high needs baby]. Here are some tips to help keep your sanity.
Remember it WILL get better. Self talk is so important in those early days. Those moments while they seem to last forever WILL end.
Find a support group. I LOVE The Fussy Baby Site Support.
Ignore those who are not there to support you. Unless they have had a HN baby it is VERY hard for people to relate.
You are doing the best you can and THAT is good parenting.
Coffee and wine are your friends.
Seek professional help if you feel lost, depressed or that you may harm yourself or the baby. Those days can be very dark so don't feel like you can't speak out about it.
Tripp has challenged me to be such a strong and patient mom and I wouldn't change his strong personality for the world. I feel so much better knowing he is just a strong personality and coming to terms that there is no "cure" and thats ok! I LOVE that he wants to constantly learn and be stimulated! That doesn't mean we don't have bad days or frustrating days but those days are spreading further apart because this is the first time for EVERYTHING for our little family and we are all learning!
What worked for your fussy baby?


We've all been there. Left with a seat too far back in the draft, where the first-round fantasy picks aren't cut and dried, or paralyzed in an auction by having so many stars available to you, you don't know who to go after. It's not always easy to choose among the league's elite players, so allow me do the heavy lifting for you by comparing and contrasting your top choices at every position.
Crosby has the better team around him and is more aggressive in creating for himself while still setting up linemates, but McDavid should be the consensus top pick after leading the league with 100 points in just his second NHL season last year. At only 20 years old, the 2015 draft's first overall pick likely isn't done growing his game yet, and he could well make the jump from 30 goals to a figure approaching Crosby's league-leading 44 from a year ago. Both have overwhelmingly positive ratings since they dominate possession when on the ice, but McDavid beat Crosby by double digits in that department with a plus-27 finish in 2016-17. The youngster is still growing his reputation, so referees don't give him as much preferential treatment as they do Crosby, but that one little perk is far from enough to close the gulf in value between them. He's still a superstar, but Crosby's days as the consensus No. 1 player in hockey are over.
Both of these guys are coming off down years in which they saw their goal totals drop off by at least 15 compared to 2015-16, but they remain the cream of the crop due to their immense ceilings. Benn's Stars made major offseason improvements with the additions of Alexander Radulov and Ben Bishop, while Ovechkin's Capitals took a step back this offseason with the departures of Justin Williams, Karl Alzner and rental Kevin Shattenkirk. That said, both sets of changes could result in improvement — Benn suffered from a terrible supporting cast last year, posting a minus-9 rating on the heels of a combined plus-29 over the previous three campaigns, while Ovechkin seemed to coast through many games under the assumption that the elite squad around him had things covered. Let's get to the bottom line, though: Benn's average output over the past four years is 34 goals, 81 points, 65 PIM and 25 power-play points. That's amazing, but Ovechkin's 2016-17 saw him fall only one goal, 12 points and 15 PIM short of that production while recording one more point with the extra man… and that was considered a massively disappointing campaign for him. It wouldn't be a surprise to see Ovechkin bounce back over the 50-goal mark for the eighth time at age 32, as his 313 shots last year were still good for second in the NHL behind Brent Burns. For this reason, he gets the narrow edge over Benn despite being four years his senior.
This is a closer call than you'd think, as Kucherov actually had six more goals and 10 more power-play goals as well as slight advantages in both rating and penalty minutes over Kane despite missing eight games last season. He's also almost five years younger than Kane, who's about to turn 29. Despite all those advantages, the Russian winger will rightfully come off draft boards just a bit later than his American counterpart. Kane produced "only" 89 points in 2016, but his 106-point effort in the previous campaign shows that he has a realistic chance of leading the league in scoring despite seeing talented linemate Artemi Panarin depart in an offseason trade. Kucherov's 85 points last season were a career high, so it's possible (although maybe not likely) that he regresses back to his mid-60s production from previous years. While Kucherov has a better argument in keeper leagues, Kane ultimately holds a slight edge in most formats.
Both of these blue-line studs score like elite forwards without giving up much on the defensive end, but Burns had a noticeable statistical edge last year and is likely to repeat that feat with a more offensive-minded Sharks team. Although Karlsson enjoyed a long run as fantasy's top defenseman, Burns has caught up to and surpassed him thanks to his emphasis on putting the puck in the net. Additionally, Karlsson appears set to miss a good chunk of the season's first month thanks to recovery from foot surgery, which makes the decision much easier. Both of these guys will give you huge point totals, with much of that action coming on the power play, but even a fully healthy Karlsson would fall short of Burns' value because 300-plus shots and a goal total approaching 30 seem like near guarantees for the latter; the Swede has only once so much as neared 300 shots, and he's never come close to 30 goals.
Matt Murray and Vezina Trophy winner Sergei Bobrovsky are also in the conversation, but Holtby and Price are the consensus top two at their position. Even with Washington expected to take a small step back after winning consecutive Presidents' Trophies, Holtby should still push for his fourth consecutive 40-win season. Considering his worst GAA and save percentage since that streak started are 2.22 and .922, respectively, it's tough to argue against the 28-year-old being the first goalie off the board. Holtby's 48-win 2016-17 campaign is slightly edged out by Price's 2014-15 peak of 44 wins with a 1.96 GAA and .933 save percentage, but such spectacular ratios are hard to achieve year in and year out; Holtby's win totals, on the other hand, have been quite reliable. Montreal's netminder finished strong by holding 15 of 19 opponents to two or fewer goals after Claude Julien took over behind the bench last year, but the coach's desire to limit Price to roughly 60 starts is enough of a limiting factor to push Holtby just above him.


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The Real Issues Concerning COVID-19—Part VI, About The Drumbeat For COVID-19 Testing
Posted on May 19, 2020 by Harvey Cody
On May 15, 2020, Russ Roberts published another splendid podcast interview of Paul Romer, "economist and policy entrepreneur, is a co-recipient of the 2018 Nobel Prize in Economics Sciences and University Professor in Economics at NYU," and more.[i] The podcast focused on several aspects of the COVID-19 pandemic. While I highly recommend that you listen to it, Romer adding his mallet to the drumbeat for widespread testing advocates is unhelpful.
Widespread testing ("testing"[1]) was among the podcast's topics. According to Romer, testing is the key to getting people comfortable enough to actively engage in commerce—which both Roberts and Romer believe to be of paramount importance. Enough people being that comfortable is essential to any semblance of a recovery. His "case" for how and why testing would accomplish that goal was this:
"The idea with testing, though, is that if there's some information we don't have, what we'd like to know is whose infectious right now. If we knew that information, what we could do is say we're going to isolate those people for a short period of time, a few weeks, and we can then suppress the virus without interfering with anybody else's daily lives."
Note, however, that "case" does not identify either how or why testing should or will cause people to be more comfortable.
Other advocates of testing offer different rationales:
Dr. Fauci: "The one thing we hopefully would have in place, and I believe we will have in place, is a much more robust system to be able to identify someone who's infected, isolate them and then do contact tracing."[ii]
CDC: "CDC has a strategy for using antibody testing as part of surveillance efforts to better understand how much of the U.S. population has been infected with SARS-CoV-2 and how the virus is spreading through the population over time."[iii]
WHO: "identify, isolate and contact trace people with the disease," "vital part of understanding the scale of the outbreak and how it is evolving" and "Effective testing and quarantine measures help ease the pressure on health services, which can quickly become overwhelmed as demand surges for respirators and other critical lifesaving equipment."[iv]
The Media: The media doesn't even try to explain testing's goal other than identifying hotspots (which happened without testing) or whether tracing could be effectively and acceptably implemented.[v]
Those rationales aim to slow or stop the virus' spread, i.e., "flatten the curve" or some unidentified way to permanently stop the virus from infecting people. They offer no insight as to how testing is a substitute for herd immunity to stop the pandemic. Tinkering with the timing of when the virus infects and kills is of great value only when hospitals are at risk of being overwhelmed. Otherwise, "If all we do is flatten the curve you don't prevent deaths, it simply changes the date of their death,"[vi] Time is not on the side of the especially vulnerable.[vii] Rarely do people believe that fiddling while Rome burns is a good strategy—but here we are.
Let's sort that out why testing and tracing are impractical and inapplicable to America.
One of the goals of testing is to enable "contact tracing," i.e., find someone infected, identify everyone the infected person encountered, and whisk them all away to confinement. For sake of argument, let's assume that the needed infrastructure (wireless surveillance, electronic notification systems, human catchers, detention centers, staff, and supply chains, courthouses to try habeas corpus cases, etc. and popular acceptance and adoption thereof) could be in place and running smoothly before the economy collapses. Is that the society in which we want to live? By forcing people to wear ankle bracelets and accept detention, S. Korea[viii] pulled it off, as did China by forcibly removing people from homes and throwing them into coronavirus detention facilities.[ix] Americans will not go there peaceably.
America tried a milder version of contact tracing. Here is what Romer said about that:
"…[America's early attempts at contract tracing] partly colored by our experience, which was: the contact tracing system was the system we were using in January when this virus exploded, and it just completely failed. The people who say, 'Okay, well contact tracing is going to work, give us a do-over,' I don't see the evidence that it's going to be different if we do it again."
Consider the practicality of widespread tracing. America's population is about 325 million. People are spread across and between 35,000 cities and towns. Consider the following variables to be normalized in order to make sense of COVID-19 test results concerning how many people are infected; have become immune, seriously ill, and/or died:
What are the mixes of preexisting conditions, age, race, and abilities/willingness to follow protocols;
What protocols were established, when, and how aggressively; and
Which local politicians/officials were smart (the jury is still out on this) or dumb[x] in their speeches and policies; and
What other variables play a role, e.g., temperature, humidity, and sunlight.
Each of these variables varies significantly from place to place. For example, compare COVID-19's impact on the comparably sized populations of New York State and Florida. As of 5/17/2020, confirmed cases were 350,121, and 45,588 and deaths were 22,478, and 1973. The pandemic will have run its course before all the significant variables are identified and quantified sufficiently to be actionable.
Consequently, sampling must be done on a granular level to be useful. Collecting, analyzing, and applying that much data effectively is too massive to be accomplished. For example, if an average of 2000 tests were taken in 35,000 towns (forgetting about all the places in between), 70 million tests must be taken, shipped to labs, and analyzed per round to obtain the needed information. However, both diagnostic and serological tests are required. So, 140 million tests would be necessary. At 770,000 tests per day, America is leading the world in the number of tests per day. That is about 0.5% of the tests needed per round.
Consider how often test rounds are needed. Infected people typically shed high amounts of virus soon after infection and are asymptomatic for at least a few days. Irrespective of symptoms, people can be infectious for 10 days or more.[xi] Let's say a person goes to a testing facility, and three days later learns the test was negative. However, she may have become infected when she pulled the handle of the facility's exit door. She would soon start shedding COVID-19 for many days while believing that she is virus-free. "To be safe," she should get tested every day until she finally tests positive or the pandemic has run its course. People are already not showing up at test sites.[xii] Because the virus can spread so quickly, the shelflife of test data is too short to be of much practical use—and getting close to enough tests everywhere is impossible.
For random sample testing to work, the people tested need to be representative of a larger group. Unlike randomly calling people, people who are willing and able to get tested could be very different from the larger group. People with no better way to earn money than getting tested will not be representative of the whole. People are already growing tired of being prevented from working, standing in breadlines, and staying at home. That sentiment is likely to increase until nonpharmaceutical interventions ("NPI") stop. Will the data collected before a general abandonment of NPI be relevant when people have thrown off their masks and left the house? Will the people of all cities start abandoning NPI at the same time or the same rate? If not, most of the data collected will be of little practical use.
As noted above, tracing is for finding people to quarantine. However, as Dr. Jay Bhattacharya says, "That works fine if you have a small number of people who have been infected [which is not the case in the places where COVID-19 is a big problem] and… we've seen a very large number of people don't have very many symptoms and, yet, can spread it, this kind of strategy will not work. It is doomed to fail. In fact, it's going to be counterproductive to do a strategy like this… [if when they show positive, they will be quarantined] people will say they don't want to be tested."[xiii] To be effective, quarantining must be enforced. Believing that forced testing/quarantining would work outside an authoritarian state is likely irrational, but certainly would produce unrepresentative/invalid test results.
Romer suggests that problems with quarantining might be solved by the government paying people to be quarantined. There are people on whom that might work and others on whom it will not, e.g., Jeff Bazos or the owner of a successful restaurant. The disparate results of randomly testing/quarantining poorer people is not a compelling strategy.
When pressed on how test results would be used, Romer said, "it's premature to worry too much about what we do with that information." He also made some of the "arguments" discussed above. However, they have the failings discussed above.
If there were a good argument for testing, surely Paul Romer and many other testing advocates would know what it is and would have already widely disseminated it. I've looked in vain for a sound argument.
On the off chance, a credible case for widespread testing exists, epidemiologists owe the public:
a clear presentation of the case,
an explanation as to why delaying the spread of the virus is not merely putting off the inevitable deaths that COVID-19 will cause.[xiv] and
an identification of the point at which NPI will cause more illness and death than COVID-19 will (to say nothing of the lost dignity, security, thriving, and fun being destroyed by NPI).[xv]
Absent that: The public should reject the claim that NPI easing must await widespread testing.
Let's hope that people will soon realize the impractically and inapplicably of the testing "solution."[xvi]
[1] Unless the context in which the word, "testing" is used is talking about individual testing for nonepidemiological reasons, "testing" refers to widespread testing.
[i] Wikipedia: Paul Romer
[ii] "Fauci: Improved testing and tracing can help reopen country."
[iii] "Serology Testing for COVID-19."
[iv] "The World Health Organization has called on countries to 'test, test, test' for coronavirus – this is why."
[v] "MSNBC: COVID-19 Testing & The Road To Reopening."
[vi] "Dr. David Katz | Real Time with Bill Maher (HBO)."
[vii] "The Real Issues Concerning COVID-19—Part IV, The Herd Immunity Messaging Problem"
[viii] "'[South] Korea was able to successfully flatten the curve on COVID-19 in only 20 days without enforcing extreme draconian measures that restrict freedom and movement of people,' writes ministers of the South Korean government in their April 15 coronavirus playbook."
[ix] "Videos appear to show people in China forcibly dragged off to quarantine.
[x] "PA Health Secretary Moved Mother Out Of Personal Care Home After Ordering Nursing Homes To Accept COVID Patients," "Why Cuomo Reversed His Order That Forced Nursing Homes to Accept Coronavirus Carriers," "8 times Bill de Blasio downplayed the coronavirus" and "Tucker: How local leaders failed their cities."
[xi] "People 'shed' high levels of coronavirus, study finds, but most are likely not infectious after recovery begins"
[xii] "As coronavirus testing expands, a new problem arises: Not enough people to test"
[xiii] "Dr. Jay Bhattacharya: His new MLB COVID-19 Study and the Dilemma of the Lockdown" @14:24
[xiv] "The Real Issues Concerning COVID-19—Part IV, The Herd Immunity Messaging Problem"
[xv] See Parts 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 of "The Real Issues Concerning COVID-19"
[xvi] "Solutions"
Previous Post The Real Issues Concerning COVID-19—Part V, About The Drumbeat For COVID-19 Testing
Next Post Biden's Bigotry


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Q: VSCode Remote-Containers connect error ECONNREFUSED 127.0.0.1:8888 This used to work, but now it no longer does. Same results on two separate laptops (Both Windows 10 1809, running latest version of VSCode 1.40.1 and Docker 19.03.5)
Whenever I attempt to connect to a Remote-Container
I get an error message box An error occurred setting up the container.
Console shows:
Error: connect ECONNREFUSED 127.0.0.1:8888
        at TCPConnectWrap.afterConnect [as oncomplete] (net.js:1054:14)

Trying the steps here replicates the issue:
https://code.visualstudio.com/remote-tutorials/containers/getting-started
I also tried the go and python containers found here https://github.com/microsoft/vscode-dev-containers and I get the same results.
The same result occurs both when opening vscode from the folder and selecting "Reopen in Container" or from vscode running Remote-Containers: Attach to Running Container...
Here is the full console log from opening the node container when following the Getting Started tutorial:
Setting up container for folder or workspace: t:\vscode-remote\vscode-remote-try-node
Run: docker build -f t:\vscode-remote\vscode-remote-try-node\.devcontainer\Dockerfile -t vsc-vscode-remote-try-node-3a7df3aafed499f89916e2d733a210d4 t:\vscode-remote\vscode-remote-try-node\.devcontainer
Sending build context to Docker daemon  5.632kB
Step 1/6 : FROM node:10
10: Pulling from library/node
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Digest: sha256:1ded328ae22686db9107eaa0e786fb8161e67531bfcfea635a39ae3be0b39904
Status: Downloaded newer image for node:10
 ---> d5680e53a228
Step 2/6 : ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
 ---> Running in 2b2727930c62
Removing intermediate container 2b2727930c62
 ---> ec7c46184e17
Step 3/6 : ARG USER_UID=1000
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Step 4/6 : ARG USER_GID=$USER_UID
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 ---> 5dd1f70add68
Step 5/6 : RUN apt-get update     && apt-get -y install --no-install-recommends apt-utils dialog 2>&1     && apt-get install -y git procps     && rm -rf /opt/yarn-*     && rm -f /usr/local/bin/yarn     && rm -f /usr/local/bin/yarnpkg     && apt-get install -y curl apt-transport-https lsb-release     && curl -sS https://dl.yarnpkg.com/$(lsb_release -is | tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]')/pubkey.gpg | apt-key add - 2>/dev/null     && echo "deb https://dl.yarnpkg.com/$(lsb_release -is | tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]')/ stable main" | tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/yarn.list     && apt-get update     && apt-get -y install --no-install-recommends yarn     && npm install -g eslint     && if [ "$USER_GID" != "1000" ]; then groupmod node --gid $USER_GID; fi     && if [ "$USER_UID" != "1000" ]; then usermod --uid $USER_UID node; fi     && apt-get install -y sudo     && echo node ALL=\(root\) NOPASSWD:ALL > /etc/sudoers.d/node     && chmod 0440 /etc/sudoers.d/node     && apt-get autoremove -y     && apt-get
 clean -y     && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
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Ign:1 http://deb.debian.org/debian stretch InRelease
Get:2 http://deb.debian.org/debian stretch-updates InRelease [91.0 kB]
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Get:6 http://deb.debian.org/debian stretch-updates/main amd64 Packages [27.9 kB]
Get:7 http://security.debian.org/debian-security stretch/updates/main amd64 Packages [508 kB]
Get:8 http://deb.debian.org/debian stretch/main amd64 Packages [7086 kB]
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Reading package lists...
Reading package lists...
Building dependency tree...
Reading state information...
The following additional packages will be installed:
  libapt-inst2.0
The following NEW packages will be installed:
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0 upgraded, 3 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
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Get:1 http://deb.debian.org/debian stretch/main amd64 libapt-inst2.0 amd64 1.4.9 [192 kB]
Get:2 http://deb.debian.org/debian stretch/main amd64 apt-utils amd64 1.4.9 [410 kB]
Get:3 http://deb.debian.org/debian stretch/main amd64 dialog amd64 1.3-20160828-2 [262 kB]
debconf: delaying package configuration, since apt-utils is not installed
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Selecting previously unselected package libapt-inst2.0:amd64.
(Reading database ... 29962 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../libapt-inst2.0_1.4.9_amd64.deb ...
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Preparing to unpack .../dialog_1.3-20160828-2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking dialog (1.3-20160828-2) ...
Setting up libapt-inst2.0:amd64 (1.4.9) ...
Setting up dialog (1.3-20160828-2) ...
Setting up apt-utils (1.4.9) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.24-11+deb9u4) ...
Reading package lists...
Building dependency tree...
Reading state information...
git is already the newest version (1:2.11.0-3+deb9u4).
procps is already the newest version (2:3.3.12-3+deb9u1).
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Reading package lists...
Building dependency tree...
Reading state information...
curl is already the newest version (7.52.1-5+deb9u9).
Suggested packages:
  lsb
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  apt-transport-https distro-info-data lsb-release
0 upgraded, 3 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 204 kB of archives.
After this operation, 322 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 http://deb.debian.org/debian stretch/main amd64 apt-transport-https amd64 1.4.9 [171 kB]
Get:2 http://deb.debian.org/debian stretch/main amd64 distro-info-data all 0.36 [5810 B]
Get:3 http://deb.debian.org/debian stretch/main amd64 lsb-release all 9.20161125 [27.1 kB]
Fetched 204 kB in 0s (1212 kB/s)
Selecting previously unselected package apt-transport-https.
(Reading database ... 30247 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../apt-transport-https_1.4.9_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking apt-transport-https (1.4.9) ...
Selecting previously unselected package distro-info-data.
Preparing to unpack .../distro-info-data_0.36_all.deb ...
Unpacking distro-info-data (0.36) ...
Selecting previously unselected package lsb-release.
Preparing to unpack .../lsb-release_9.20161125_all.deb ...
Unpacking lsb-release (9.20161125) ...
Setting up apt-transport-https (1.4.9) ...
Setting up distro-info-data (0.36) ...
Setting up lsb-release (9.20161125) ...
OK
deb https://dl.yarnpkg.com/debian/ stable main
Ign:1 http://deb.debian.org/debian stretch InRelease
Hit:2 http://security.debian.org/debian-security stretch/updates InRelease
Hit:3 http://deb.debian.org/debian stretch-updates InRelease
Hit:4 http://deb.debian.org/debian stretch Release
Get:5 https://dl.yarnpkg.com/debian stable InRelease [17.1 kB]
Get:7 https://dl.yarnpkg.com/debian stable/main all Packages [9122 B]
Get:8 https://dl.yarnpkg.com/debian stable/main amd64 Packages [9122 B]
Fetched 35.3 kB in 0s (57.1 kB/s)
Reading package lists...
Reading package lists...
Building dependency tree...
Reading state information...
Recommended packages:
  nodejs
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  yarn
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 890 kB of archives.
After this operation, 5399 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 https://dl.yarnpkg.com/debian stable/main amd64 yarn all 1.19.1-1 [890 kB]
Fetched 890 kB in 0s (3536 kB/s)
Selecting previously unselected package yarn.
(Reading database ... 30271 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../archives/yarn_1.19.1-1_all.deb ...
Unpacking yarn (1.19.1-1) ...
Setting up yarn (1.19.1-1) ...
/usr/local/bin/eslint -> /usr/local/lib/node_modules/eslint/bin/eslint.js
+ eslint@6.7.0
added 123 packages from 83 contributors in 10.473s
Reading package lists...
Building dependency tree...
Reading state information...
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  sudo
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 1054 kB of archives.
After this operation, 3106 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 http://security.debian.org/debian-security stretch/updates/main amd64 sudo amd64 1.8.19p1-2.1+deb9u1 [1054 kB]
Fetched 1054 kB in 0s (4379 kB/s)
Selecting previously unselected package sudo.
(Reading database ... 30289 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../sudo_1.8.19p1-2.1+deb9u1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking sudo (1.8.19p1-2.1+deb9u1) ...
Setting up sudo (1.8.19p1-2.1+deb9u1) ...
Reading package lists...
Building dependency tree...
Reading state information...
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Removing intermediate container 60a600d38c99
 ---> 6646e6b71921
Step 6/6 : ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND=
 ---> Running in f75175dea422
Removing intermediate container f75175dea422
 ---> 0ee68124bcb4
Successfully built 0ee68124bcb4
Successfully tagged vsc-vscode-remote-try-node-3a7df3aafed499f89916e2d733a210d4:latest
SECURITY WARNING: You are building a Docker image from Windows against a non-Windows Docker host. All files and directories added to build context will have '-rwxr-xr-x' permissions. It is recommended to double check and reset permissions for sensitive files and directories.
Run: docker run -a STDOUT -a STDERR -p 127.0.0.1:3000:3000 --mount type=bind,source=t:/vscode-remote/vscode-remote-try-node,target=/workspaces/vscode-remote-try-node,consistency=consistent -l vsch.quality=stable -l vsch.remote.devPort=0 -l vsch.local.folder=t:\vscode-remote\vscode-remote-try-node -u node --entrypoint /bin/sh vsc-vscode-remote-try-node-3a7df3aafed499f89916e2d733a210d4 -c echo Container started ;  while sleep 1; do :; done
Container started
Run: docker exec febb7d23b36f3a5087d712c6ca0fc864dbadbcf4fd37b9b0f4ab135e4813caaf /bin/sh -c (cat /etc/os-release || cat /usr/lib/os-release) 2>/dev/null
PRETTY_NAME="Debian GNU/Linux 9 (stretch)"
NAME="Debian GNU/Linux"
VERSION_ID="9"
VERSION="9 (stretch)"
VERSION_CODENAME=stretch
ID=debian
HOME_URL="https://www.debian.org/"
SUPPORT_URL="https://www.debian.org/support"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.debian.org/"
Run: docker cp febb7d23b36f3a5087d712c6ca0fc864dbadbcf4fd37b9b0f4ab135e4813caaf:/etc/passwd -
Forking shutdown monitor: c:\Users\tolga\.vscode\extensions\ms-vscode-remote.remote-containers-0.83.1\dist\shutdownMonitorProcess \\.\pipe\vscode-remote-containers-67797b1f7842ccb4aeee933272558c868603b8c8-sock singleContainer no-trace
Run: docker exec febb7d23b36f3a5087d712c6ca0fc864dbadbcf4fd37b9b0f4ab135e4813caaf test -d /home/node/.vscode-server
Run: docker exec febb7d23b36f3a5087d712c6ca0fc864dbadbcf4fd37b9b0f4ab135e4813caaf test -d /home/node/.vscode-remote
Run: docker exec febb7d23b36f3a5087d712c6ca0fc864dbadbcf4fd37b9b0f4ab135e4813caaf /bin/sh -c set -o noclobber ; mkdir -p '/home/node/.vscode-server/data/Machine' && { > '/home/node/.vscode-server/data/Machine/.writeMachineSettingsMarker' ; } 2> /dev/null
Run: docker exec -w /home/node febb7d23b36f3a5087d712c6ca0fc864dbadbcf4fd37b9b0f4ab135e4813caaf /bin/sh -c mkdir -p '/home/node/.vscode-server/data/Machine' && cat >'/home/node/.vscode-server/data/Machine/settings.json' <<json
                        {
                                "terminal.integrated.shell.linux": "/bin/bash"
                                                                              }
                                                                               json
Run: docker exec febb7d23b36f3a5087d712c6ca0fc864dbadbcf4fd37b9b0f4ab135e4813caaf /bin/sh -c set -o noclobber ; mkdir -p '/home/node/.vscode-server/data/Machine' && { > '/home/node/.vscode-server/data/Machine/.copyGitConfigMarker' ; } 2> /dev/null
Run: docker exec febb7d23b36f3a5087d712c6ca0fc864dbadbcf4fd37b9b0f4ab135e4813caaf test -e /home/node/.gitconfig
Run: docker cp C:\Users\tolga\.gitconfig febb7d23b36f3a5087d712c6ca0fc864dbadbcf4fd37b9b0f4ab135e4813caaf:/home/node/.gitconfig --follow-link
Run: docker exec -w /home/node -u root febb7d23b36f3a5087d712c6ca0fc864dbadbcf4fd37b9b0f4ab135e4813caaf chown node:1000 /home/node/.gitconfig
Run: docker exec febb7d23b36f3a5087d712c6ca0fc864dbadbcf4fd37b9b0f4ab135e4813caaf test -d /home/node/.vscode-server/bin/8795a9889db74563ddd43eb0a897a2384129a619
Installing VS Code Server for commit 8795a9889db74563ddd43eb0a897a2384129a619
Run: docker exec febb7d23b36f3a5087d712c6ca0fc864dbadbcf4fd37b9b0f4ab135e4813caaf mkdir -p /home/node/.vscode-server/bin/8795a9889db74563ddd43eb0a897a2384129a619_1574537099111
Error: connect ECONNREFUSED 127.0.0.1:8888
        at TCPConnectWrap.afterConnect [as oncomplete] (net.js:1054:14)

A: Turns out the issue was the local Fiddler Proxy I had setup at one point that was no longer running.
Problem disappeared after removing the Http Proxy setting from VSCode:

File => Preferences => Settings

Search for "proxy" and remove any setting for Http: Proxy. Alternatively correct the issue with the Proxy. In my case I could have just started Fiddler.


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Once you have found the perfect fit for you check out our finance center to learn more about our payment and lease options. Already have a purchased vehicle and are in need of service? Look no further than our parts and service department to get you back on the road in no time!
Stop by our Subaru dealership where we can meet all your automotive needs. We are conveniently located for our Brooklyn, NY customers at 943 Communipaw Ave, Jersey City, NJ 07304.


text:
5 Most Expensive American Vehicles Ever Sold at an Auto Auction
07-30-2018 /0 Comments/in Blog/by RideSafely.com
While the vast majority of vehicles sold at auto auctions are regular, nondescript, daily drivers, there are a number of auto auctions that specialize in rare and valuable vehicles. These cars hold special value and can often be bought and sold for millions of dollars. Over the years there have been a number of extremely rare cars sold at auction. This article takes a look at the five most expensive American vehicles ever sold at one of these auctions.
1) 1962 Shelby Cobra 260 CSX2000 – $13,750,000
The most expensive American vehicle ever sold at an auto auction is the 1962 Shelby Cobra 260. Car fanatics will know that just about every Cobra is extremely valuable, but this one sits at the top of the pile. In large part this is because this vehicle is the car that started it all. This history, coupled with the fact that it had never been restored, led to its massive haul at auction.
2) 1968 Ford GT40 Gulf – $11,000,000
This particular vehicle began its life as a race car before entering the movie business. It played a role in the Steve McQueen movie "Le Mans". With provenance like this it is no wonder that the car fetched $11,000,000 at auction.
3) 1931 Duesenberg Model J – $10,340,000
The Model J was one of the very first cars ever produced at any kind of scale. Featuring a luxurious design and interior, coupled with almost 100 years of history, this vehicle was very popular with the bidders.
4) 1965 Shelby Cobra Daytona – $7,685,000
As is to be expected, a Cobra is making another appearance on this list. This particular vehicle became the first US based team to win the World Sportscar Championship, making it an excellent collector's item.
5) 1964 Ford GT40 – $7,560,000
While not holding the same kind of historical significance as the Gulf version mentioned earlier in this article, this vehicle still makes an excellent centerpiece to any car collection. The bidders agreed when it went on sale and fetched a rather handsome $7,560,000.
While most buyers can never hope to get their hands on vehicles of this stature, it is nonetheless interesting to remark at some of the finest cars that have ever exchanged hands at an auto auction.
https://auction.ridesafely.com/images/2018/07/ford-gt-gulf.jpg 500 833 RideSafely.com https://auction.ridesafely.com/images/2017/06/ridesafely-com.png RideSafely.com2018-07-30 09:07:232018-07-26 10:49:385 Most Expensive American Vehicles Ever Sold at an Auto Auction
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Ring Gallery 311 Flagler Avenue, New Smyrna Beach / 386-427-1882 / ringfineart.com Mike Ring's photographs have been collected by Florida residents and tourists from all over the United States and abroad.
Dummit's Tomb Canova Drive, New Smyrna Beach / 386-478-0052 This aboveground tomb commemorates the son of one of the first settlers in New Smyrna Beach.
Eldora Statehouse at Canaveral National Seashore 7611 S. Atlantic Avenue, New Smyrna Beach / 386-428-3384 / nps.gov/cana/learn/ historyculture/index.htm Once the center of a thriving agricultural community, the Eldora Statehouse is a testament to the area's long history.
Old Fort Park 115 Julia Street, New Smyrna Beach / cityofnsb.com/767/ Mainland-Parks Dating to 500 B.C., the foundation of Old Fort Park is likely the Native American village Caparaca, recorded in 1605.
Sugar Mill Ruins 600 Mission Drive, New Smyrna Beach / 386-736-5953 / volusia .org/services/community-services/ parks-recreation-and-culture/ parks-and-trails/park-facilities- and-locations/historical-parks/ sugar-mill-ruins.stml A monument to regional history, the sugar mill was destroyed during a war with Seminole tribes in the 1800s.
Turtle Mound at Canaveral National Seashore 7611 S. Atlantic Avenue, New Smyrna Beach / nps.gov/cana/ planyourvisit/hours.htm A prehistoric archeological site. The Timucuan Indian civilization created Turtle Mound over a period of several hundred years.
Dunlawton Sugar Mill Gardens 950 Old Sugar Mill Road, Port Orange / dunlawtonsugarmillgardens.org A historical site and gardens spread over 10 acres.
Gamble Place 1795 Taylor Road, Port Orange / 386-304-0778 / crackercreek .com/gamble-place The old citrus packing house grounds are home to wildlife, ancient cypress trees, and beautiful azalea blossoms.
experience our laid-back coastal paradise with this unique 180-page hardcover book.
Seminole Rest 210 River Road, Oak Hill / 386-428-3384 / nbbd.com/ godo/cns/SeminoleRest Seminole Rest consists of several prehistoric shell mounds dating from 2,000 B.C. to 1565 A.D.


This is another Tower Defense game. Monsters are attacking your town. You must build defense towers of different types to not let them pass. There are 6 types of towers. Build them strategically to achieve most defensive power.


text:
Edith Schönert-Geiß (* 7. August 1933 in Dresden; † 12. Juni 2012 in Berlin) war eine deutsche Numismatikerin. Ihr Fachgebiet waren die antiken griechischen Münzen, insbesondere von Thrakien.

Leben
Nach dem Abitur in Dresden studierte Edith Schönert an der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Geschichtswissenschaft. Bereits mit 23 Jahren erhielt sie zum 1. September 1956 eine Anstellung an der Akademie der Wissenschaften der DDR (Zentralinstitut für Alte Geschichte und Archäologie), wo sie seither am wieder aufgenommenen Griechischen Münzwerk arbeitete, zuletzt als Leiterin der Arbeitsstelle.

Nach ihrer Heirat nahm sie den Namen Geiß an, publizierte jedoch unter dem Doppelnamen Schönert-Geiß. 1960 wurde sie mit einer Dissertation über die Provinzialprägung der Stadt Perinthos an der Humboldt-Universität promoviert. Ihre Habilitation über Die frühe Silberprägung von Byzantion folgte im Jahr 1966.

Für ihre Verdienste um die Erforschung der griechischen Münzprägung wurde sie 1963 zum Ehrenmitglied der Rumänischen Numismatischen Gesellschaft und 1987 zum Ehrenmitglied der Numismatischen Gesellschaft von Stara Zagora in Bulgarien ernannt. Die Stadt Stara Zagora verlieh ihr die Ehrenbürgerwürde.

Zum Eintritt in den Ruhestand am 31. August 1998 wurde sie mit einer Festschrift geehrt.

Veröffentlichungen
 Die Münzprägung von Perinthos (= Griechisches Münzwerk. Schriften der Sektion für Altertumswissenschaft. Band 45). Text- und Tafelband, Berlin 1965.
 Die Münzprägung von Byzantion (= Griechisches Münzwerk. Schriften zur Geschichte und Kultur der Antike. Band 2). Teil 1: Autonome Zeit. Text- und Tafelband, Berlin/Amsterdam 1970. Teil 2: Kaiserzeit. Text- und Tafelband, Berlin/Amsterdam 1972.
 Die Münzprägung von Bisanthe – Dikaia – Selymbria (= Griechisches Münzwerk. Schriften zur Geschichte und Kultur der Antike. Band 13). Berlin/Amsterdam 1970 (2. Auflage 1972).
 mit Karl Matthiae: Münzen aus der urchristlichen Umwelt. Berlin 1981.
 Die Münzprägung von Maroneia (= Griechisches Münzwerk. Schriften zur Geschichte und Kultur der Antike. Band 26). Text- und Tafelband, Berlin 1987, ISBN 3-05-000226-3.
 Antike Münzen. Sammlung H. A. S. (= Aus den Sammlungen der Winckelmann-Gesellschaft in Stendal. Band 1). Stendal 1989.
 Die Münzprägung von Augusta Traiana und Traianopolis (= Griechisches Münzwerk. Schriften zur Geschichte und Kultur der Antike. Band 31). Berlin 1991, ISBN 3-05-000940-3.
 Bibliographie zur antiken Numismatik Thrakiens und Mösiens. Berlin 1999, ISBN 3-05-003286-3.
Eine Liste der veröffentlichten Aufsätze und Rezensionen findet sich in der Festschrift von 1998.

Literatur
 Ulrike Peter: Stephanos nomismatikos. Edith Schönert-Geiss zum 65. Geburtstag. Berlin 1998, ISBN 3-05-003294-4 (mit Schriftenverzeichnis).
 Ulrike Peter: Edith Schönert-Geiss (1933–2012). In: Compte rendu. Commission Internationale de Numismatique, Band 59, 2012, S. 76–77.

Weblinks

 Nachruf im Tagesspiegel vom 17. August 2012, S. 12
 Nachruf auf Muenzenwoche.de

Numismatiker
Ehrenbürger in Bulgarien
Deutscher
Geboren 1933
Gestorben 2012
Frau


Kitchen fauceth filter pics picture 26 of 37 elegant ssk 420 single filtered water dispenser. Kitchenet with filter pics system pfister water filterkitchen and sprayerkitchen filtered dispenserkitchen. Kitchenaucet withilteriltered water extra and sprayer pull down.
Kitchen faucet with filter water built in rapflava pull down filtered tap and. Kitchen faucet withlter pics pull down systemltered water tap. Kitchen faucet with filter water spicket in line tap sink purifier filtered dispenser.
Kitchen faucet with filter system pull down pfister water filterkitchen and. Kitchen faucet withter pics pull down and sprayer pfister water. How to replace aink aerator youtube kitchen faucet with filter pics extra filtered water and. Kitchen faucet with filter pics filtered water tap and.


Step 2 - Pay for your registration (OPTIONAL, you may pay by check as well). Clicking "Add to Cart" will take you to a PayPal shopping cart. You can change quantities (e.g. register two individuals), proceed to checkout and pay, or continue shopping. Clicking on "Continue Shopping" will return you to this page and allow you to select other options such as a hole sponsorship, for example.


100Mac is a simple 100-cell calculation program.
100-cell calculation is invented to develop a fundamental mathematic capacity of elementary school students in Japan. There are 10 numbers in first row and 10 numbers in first column. And you just add two numbers from top and left 10×10=100 times like this.
It's devised for small kids but it's also good for adults to keep their brain younger and healthier. When you feel sleepy or tired, please try to make some calculation. Maybe your brain gets much clearer.
5/15 Ver1.0.2 Added English resources and manual.
100mac is freeware. There is no limitation to use this software. Please note that the author takes no responsibility for any damage caused by the use of this software.


With cross-functional, multi-functional, and virtual teams, today's organizations are more complex than ever—and that means managers need a refined skill set to match. The Matrix Manager Inventory is a timely new assessment and training workshop that helps both new and seasoned managers to develop the capabilities and versatility they need to succeed in today's interconnected and collaborative world.
by James P. Eicher, MA, John E. Jones, Ph.D., and William L. Bearly, Ed.D.
Managing in today's complex environment is more challenging than ever. With multi-functional teams, virtual work environments, and dotted-line reporting relationships, the once "neat-and-tidy" hierarchical flowcharts we learned about in Management 101 are being replaced with what looks more like a spider's web or a matrix. And all of this makes the "simple" job of getting things done not so simple.
The trend toward matrix management has created the need for a new leadership skill set, one that helps managers to flex and shift their focus away from a traditional "command and control" approach to a more fluid and flexible ""influence and collaboration" strategy.
Introducing the Matrix Manager Inventory: Leading in a Collaborative Environment, the timely assessment and training program that's designed to help both new and seasoned managers to acquire and develop the ability to flex between "command and control" and "influence and collaborate" management.
The Matrix Manager Inventory training package offers a mix of self-assessment, workbook activities, and classroom workshop. Its primary audience is mid-level managers and project managers who need to manage globally dispersed teams. The Matrix Manager Inventory is also beneficial to executives, individual contributors, and consultants who need to perform successfully in global organizational environments.
With the Matrix Manager Inventory, your managers will become well-equipped to navigate the dynamics of matrix management, handle constant change with confidence, influence performance when there is no direct control, and achieve the results that drive organizational success.
The 40-item self-assessment is available in both paper and online formats. Order one assessment and workbook per learner. The facilitator set includes everything you need to administer the assessment and lead a successful training workshop. Facilitator support materials will be available to you as a digital download link in your order confirmation.
James P. Eicher, MA, is a well-respected author and consultant and subject matter expert in the fields of sales, organizational strategy, leadership, and communication. He has held leadership roles at Booz Allen Hamilton, Andersen Worldwide, Symantec, and NetApp. He was also the founder of Cognitive Management, a training and consulting firm with worldwide clients such as Xerox, Reuters, Sony, Simon and Schuster, Amdahl, and Nortel. He is the author of the Leader-Manager Profile and the Neuro-Linguistic Communication Profile as well as the highly acclaimed book on management communication, Making the Message Clear.
Dr. John Jones (1935-2003) was the president of Organizational Universe Systems. He was best known as the co-founder of University Associates and the co-editor of the experience-based training and consulting handbooks and annuals. He consulted regularly with such clients as AT&T, Baxter Healthcare, Coors, GMC, Xerox, Kaiser-Permanente, Hughes Aircraft, ARC International, and numerous non-profit organizations in education and government.
William L. Bearley, Ed.D. is vice president of Organizational Universe Systems. He is an information systems and organization development consultant, combining his computer expertise with a solid background in human resources. He collaborated with Dr. John Jones on instrumentation in team building, decision making, burnout, and organizational change. He consults with numerous clients, such as AT&T, Honeywell, Xerox, L'Oreal, and many educational and healthcare organizations.
Managing a remote workforce takes more than smartphones, WiFi, web cams, and expense allowances. It requires the right employees in the right jobs with the right skills and the right resources. And it also requires managers with the know-how to communicate effectively, maintain a sense of community, cultivate teamwork, and develop relationships built on trust. Position them for success with Managing Offsite Employees: Staying Connected with a Dispersed Workforce, the half-day program that's packed with self-assessment exercises, real-life scenarios, practices activities, and more.
From subject matter expert Lou Russell, Rocket: The Project Management Game is a competitive team simulation that emphasizes simple, fast, and flexible techniques for tackling everyday projects successfully.
The Mars Surface Rover - Leadership Edition is an exciting training game that demonstrates the benefits of facilitative leadership skills and points out the shortcomings of both traditional and passive leadership styles.


Hillary Clinton in Laos – Patrick F. Clarkin, Ph.D.
For at least a few days, one of the most emailed article on the New York Times website was a story on Hillary Clinton's recent visit to Laos, the first there by a U.S. Secretary of State since 1955. As the title of the article suggests ("Vietnam War's Legacy Is Vivid as Clinton Visits Laos"), much of Clinton's brief visit pertained to the legacy of the Second Indochina War in Laos.
Between 1964 and 1973, the U.S. dropped the equivalent of one planeload of bombs every eight minutes, for 24 hours a day – one ton of bombs for each of the 2 million people in Laos at the time, making it the most heavily bombed country per capita in history. These bombings were part of a campaign – kept secret from the American people, not formally authorized by Congress, and in violation of international accords – whose purpose was to deter communist proliferation. But the people who suffered most were ordinary Lao villagers.
What is particularly significant from the LNRA report is that 40% of recorded casualties actually occurred after 1973, the year that bombing ceased. The nature of the bombing campaign, in particular the widespread use of cluster bombs, meant that it was inevitable that massive amounts of ordnance would remain in Laos for decades. Khamvongsa and Russell (2009) note that between 1996- 2006, removal teams had cleared approximately 144 km2 of land, or just 1% of high-risk areas and only .04% of total contaminated land. In a 2009 AlertNet article by Thin Lei Win, (Mike) Boddington stated that "after 15 years of official clearance operations, we have managed to clear about 400,000 (of an estimated 80 million cluster bombs still in Laos). If you do the sums, you'll find that in order to clear all of the bombs in this country, it will take 3,000 years." Think about that. Meanwhile, the number of UXO casualties remains around 250 people per year into the present, 37 years after the bombing campaign officially ended.
At a minimum, Channapha Khamvongsa, who works tirelessly for the organization Legacies of War, wrote that one of the the tangible benefits of Clinton's visit was that the press could "now spell Laos and point to it on a map." (She also had a very well-written piece on CNN). Laos has been invisible to many in the press (and to most Americans) for a long time, despite the fact that the country has been affected for decades by U.S. actions there. Clinton's visit could at least put the legacy of the war in Laos in the consciousness of the press, if not the wider American public.
Hopefully, there will be more concrete steps in that direction. One report from the Inter Press Service said that Clinton was seriously considering increasing funds for UXO clearance, though I haven't seen anything confirming that.
I know that there are dissenting opinions out there, and many people subscribe to the belief that there are more pressing matters for U.S. interests than a small country like Laos, that the war is part of a distant past, and that the bombs the U.S. dropped there fall under the notion of "all is fair in love and war." Still others feel that the U.S. should never waver (or apologize), since that shows weakness. However, there is also the idea of the Pottery Barn Rule, attributed (perhaps apocryphally) to another Secretary of State, Colin Powell, in reference to Iraq. Though Powell may not have used that exact language, he did say that "once you break it, you are going to own it." If Laos is broken, then the U.S. has an obligation toward helping to clean it up.
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Patrick. Thanks for bringing this to the attention of those like me who do not read the New York Times. I am pleasantly surprised that the visit was given such high profile treatment in the USA. The NYT article contrasts with the media coverage in Laos itself. On Lao TV news of that day there was no mention and in the press the next day there was a small mention, with a 2″ square box of the front page, half of which was a picture of 'Hilary Rodham' — a totally unknown quantity here. The NYT article mentions that Laos is controlled by a 'Communist Party'. That statement is understandable but wrong. The only party allowed by the Constitution is the Lao People's Democratic Party. The word 'Communist' is not used and never has been used in any official Lao documentation referring to Laos.
Mention is made of Ambassador Douglas Hartwick. I had the pleasure of knowing him throughout his tour in Laos early this century (alphabetic seating order placed representatives of Thailand, United States and UK next to each other –a happy coincidence) and on many occasions I shared with him my own views, which would see America not only apologising but fully compensating victims and clearing contaminated areas which together are the size of Florida State. I was amazed that his views were remarkably close to mine. If Hartwick were running for President, the US would have a real choice, but that's just my opinion as a non-American. Hartwick was also most instrumental in securing normalization of trade relations between the US and Laos and supporting Laos' membership of WTO (yet to be realised). He had great sympathy with Laos, took the trouble to try to learn the language and in a great many ways provided a face of America that was far better than America deserved. He had a difficult job. He is of course obliged to state the US official version of bomb tonnage — which is much less than that of other agencies and countries, but whether it was 1 ton per person or 2.5 tons doesn't really matter, does it?
While Hilary's very short visit was historic a the first State Visit in 57 years, Henry Kessinger (I have spelt that wrongly) was here in 1972 unofficially to discuss ceasefire terms for the war that wasn't. The visit to COPE (which provides limbs to bomb victims) with no commitment to increase the tiny US finance was seen as highly hypocritical. Perhaps this has something to do with the election year, but after Obama can relax, let the US put it's money where Hilary stood (very briefly). Until France gave some money at the UXO Convention meeting here last year, COPE' visitor centre was supported by charity (40% from my publishing house in Laos).
Laos has never insisted, or even requested, an apology from the US. It is more interested in clearing the remaining UXO. There is disappointment that the US still refuses to sign the Convention banning cluster bombs — of which the UK (#1 ally) and Laos were the first signatories. But Vietnam and Cambodia have also not signed — and neither has China (which never signs anything) nor Russia nor Israel. While every little bit helps, it must also be stressed that the US is a minor donor in the effort to clear UXO. Currently in terms of cash, equipment and 'boots on the ground' the leaders are Japan and Norway — two countries which certainly have no responsibility for the problem. Does this not shame Americans?
The article was wrong on the number of victims currently. There are no longer 250/year. Great efforts to inform farmers and schools of dangerous areas have reduced this number to under 100/year. Those injured are, if they can get to a centre, given limbs and the blind are given a white stick but there is practically no follow up in terms of providing alternative means of livelihood — the money isn't there.
Robert, thank you for your first-hand insights. The description of Hartwick is encouraging. He sounds like an honorable person, and hope his current successor is like him. However, I don't see him running for the presidency. On the other hand, there are rumors that Hillary Clinton might replace Biden as Vice President should Obama be re-elected. I don't know how/if that might affect policy toward Laos. As you say, perhaps after the election things will change. Perhaps things like Clinton's visit and the prominence of the NY Times article, which was surprising to me too, might increase Laos' visibility. We'll see.
You pointed out a number of errors above – Laos is not communist, the tonnage of bombs per person, the number of deaths per year. You're right, of course, that facts do matter. One of those mistakes is mine – the 250 deaths per year. I believe I got that figure from a graph in the 2010 LNRA report. Unfortunately, that hyperlink is broken. I stand corrected, and think it is a good thing that the deaths are not as high as I cited (though still too high nonetheless).
It's enough to make an optimist into a cynic.
Patrick. Tending towards optimism is a good thing for a young person, an unrealistic thing for an old man who has seen the violence and the generosity drawn out by any war, who knows the balance is far from equal, and who is quite aware that Man fashioned the iron sword before not after he made the shield. I am however driven to optimism to hear that Hilary might take over as Deputy President. That will mean she will disappear from public view, at least on the international stage.
I read the article you referenced and happily dismiss it and the two comments. If this is the best the American right wing can come up with, Pres Obama is home and dry — and I think that a good thing, both as a Brit and as an honorary Lao.
Regarding an apology (the subject of another of your interesting blogs), I don't see that it matters in Laos, although it would be good for Americans. The first action of the new regime in 1975 was to put on trial the war criminals — all of whom were Lao citizens. They were sentenced to death in absentia, but not executed in absentia (that sounds impossible until one remembers Trotsky). No apology will be requested for the same reason the blind boy with no hands who met Hilary will not claim for compensation from America. He could only claim against the specific pilot who dropped that specific bomb sometime between 1964 and April 1973 and against the US bomb maker. This is because every single bombing order was signed off by the Royal Lao Government, and every pilot was either a regular or freelance employed by the Royal Lao Army or a regular soldier-pilot with the Thai armed forces (of which 7,000 were lent to Vang Pao). Even with hands and sight, that would be impossible.
I do not want to detour the piece you presented, which is important, but I can tell you Hilary's visit here was ignored apart from the necessities of civility. Laos is far more interested in ASEAN and the ASEM (Asia and Europe Meeting) that will take place here in November. And of course with the constant business with China. But most ministries do now have TV and when it is working they watch BBC and CNN and will welcome a second-term for Obama. Perhaps I shouldn't say that, it would not help him domestically.
America could learn a lot from Laos, perhaps the only country in the world to get on well with all its neighbours and its former enemies. Where anybody can walk any street in the capital city at any time without fear. UXO is an unwanted problem with economic as much as social consequences, but the number of killed and maimed in Laos by UXO is far less that those deliberately violated by their fellow Americans in the USA.


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Sorry Jaws, this prehistoric shark was basically a living chainsaw
How Friday the 13th's Betsy Palmer justifies murders on the new Blu-ray
Adam-Troy Castro
Tag: Friday the 13th
Betsy Palmer, who played Pamela Voorhees in the original Friday the 13th, explains on the new Blu-ray release why her character was completely justified in committing murder.
"I know it's just rationale on my part," Palmer said during an exclusive interview. "But as an actress you do have a life before you go in front of the cameras, and that was the story I made up."
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Coinciding with the release of the upcoming Friday the 13th reboot movie on Friday, Paramount Home Entertainment released the original 1980 film on DVD and Blu-ray a week ago.
Both sets feature extensive extra content, including commentaries and featurettes, in addition to remastered picture and sound. Palmer contributed to the commentary track and discussed her participation in the film in several featurettes, including footage of a cast and crew reunion held in 2008.
In addition to talking about how she came up with Voorhees' background, Palmer admitted that she doesn't think much about the movie now and added that she agreed to appear in the film only because the $10,000 paycheck was the same amount as the price tag of a new car. Following is an edited version of our exclusive interview.
Betsy, in one of the interviews on the new Blu-ray of Friday the 13th, you said that you think Pamela Voorhees is crazy, but not insane. What does that mean to you?
Palmer: You can be crazed, but that doesn't mean you've lost your mentality, necessarily, and gone off into another world, another view of life. All I know is that I felt that she was absolutely justified in behaving the way that she did. It has to do with the way I thought about the character and developed the character of Pamela Voorhees. When I read the script, there was one segment that said there was a hand with a class ring on it.
I said, "Oh, she's from my time, because in my time, in the '40s, we went steady, and you always wore the guy's ring, either on your hand or on a string around your neck." I can understand where she's coming from. In those days, we were not promiscuous, but I figured that they were so in love that they did make love, and she became pregnant. She told him, so he went ape, and that broke up the relationship. Eventually she begins to show her pregnancy, and when she does her father has this fit and throws her out of the house, so I figured she goes to the Salvation Army home for unwed mothers, and she has the baby there. Now she hasn't finished school, she doesn't have a way of earning a living, she's done all of this stuff, and then one summer this job comes along at a summer camp. She figures, "How marvelous, my little boy will be able to be with other kids." So we got to the camp, and, of course, what happens is he's off swimming, and the young lovers go off to make love, and my boy drowns. From there on in, she then becomes crazy. It's been one thing after another, piling up for years. So she keeps trying to close the camp down so that another child will not drown.
How aware were you of what your character was doing in the rest of the film, since technically you were only in one scene?
Palmer: I've only seen the film in all this length of time maybe four times at most. All I knew was Adrienne King, who was the girl that my sequences were with, so I really didn't pay much attention. Again, like I say, I didn't think it was ever going to last, but the other day I got a fan letter from someone wanting a picture in Russia, so go figure.
It sounds like horror movies aren't your cup of tea. What did you think of the finished film when you finally saw it? Was it what you expected?
Palmer: Yeah. I said, "Nobody's ever going to see this—it's a piece of junk. It's a piece of crap."
Now are you surprised by the longevity of the film among horror fans?
Palmer: Yes. After 29 years of people being gaga about it, and then I go and do these autograph signings, and you have the people who come to you and want your autograph and stand in line and they want to talk to you. They love me as Ms. Voorhees, and every one of them, when they realize who I am in regards to a picture, they say, "You know, you scared me to death!" They'll come up, and they'll be a little spooked, because I wear a white sweater that looks like the one I wore in the film. It's all a joke, darling. It's all a laugh.


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