text:
Shortly after you leave the Mayflower Tourist Information Centre, you arrive at our first destination, the site of both the original and present-day customs house. It's an area which is inextricably connected with the infamous slave trade.
Our walk begins on The Barbican, the historic heart of Plymouth. It's from around these quays that countless adventurers, fishermen and traders have set off on their sea journeys across the globe.
Starting at the Mayflower Visitor Centre, turn left and head towards Island House at the bottom end of New Street. It's reputed that some of the Pilgrim Fathers stayed here before setting sail for America in 1620. You'll see a plaque on the wall listing the names of some of them.
From here, cross over the road and follow the quayside past the Old Fish Market towards The Parade - where you'll see the imposing arches of The Customs House.
Since Plymouth's earliest days fishing has been an important element of the town's economy.
Today fishing remains a thriving local industry and you can see the new fish market on the opposite side of Sutton Harbour in front of the National Marine Aquarium.
On route to the Customs House you'll pass old warehouses lining Sutton Quay - where cargoes like sugar and pearls from South America and spices from the East Indies were unloaded in the days when Plymouth was a thriving Elizabethan port.
The ground beneath your feet may feel solid but this is reclaimed land - 400 years ago boats were moored on this spot.
Look up at the buildings around you and you can still see the pulleys that were used to haul up sacks to the top floors of the warehouses.
The heroes of Elizabethan Plymouth were Francis Drake and John Hawkins - but like most merchants and explorers of the time, their trading methods may surprise us today.
Drake and Hawkins and the rest of those great Elizabethan adventurers were all pirates and many of them were slave traders too. The infamous slave trade was actually founded here in Plymouth by Hawkins and Drake and both men made a fortune from the trade.
Built in 1820, The Customs House is probaby the most imposing building on The Barbican - but those who worked their weren't always on the right side of the law.
Smuggling was rife and customs men were just as likely to take bribes than turn in those involved in the lucrative trade in contraband.
Sailors discharged here after the Napoleonic Wars were signed up by the smuggling gangs and put to work on the many boats running illegal goods through Cawsand Bay - the headquarters of Devon smuggling.
At the beginning of the 19th Century it was reported that each year more brandy and rum was smuggled into Devon, Dorset and Cornwall than was imported legally into London.
On the opposite side of The Parade you can see the port's original Customs House, where Elizabethan ships' captains including Drake himself would have paid dues on their imported goods.
Back then customs officers received no salary, but were able to earn vast fortunes from the fees they charged ship owners.
With the Customs House on your right walk along The Parade away from the harbour. After a few yards you should turn down an alleyway on your left called CITADEL OPE.
Carry on straight across Southside Street into FRIARS LANE. Keep walking to the top of the street to the junction of New Street.
We wanted to go there and we wanted to come back after a passage; we wanted more and more and more...


A large group of quotes used by creationist are examined by the participants of the talkorigins newsgroup. A cute good day wish goes a long way in making someones day great and there cannot be a cuter way to deliver your wish than through our warm and cute ecards from.
Its amazing what those mere strings of words can do.
Have a nice day quotes for her. I would have to be a raving lunatic to try to talk to jan about what happened between us. Her words not mine. Be kind whenever possible. Tenzin gyatso 14th dalai lama today i bent the truth to be kind and i have no regret for i am far surer of what. What are you gonna do.
Share our collection of inspirational and famous quotes by authors you know and love. Now you want to gun down a police captain. It is always possible. Share our quotes of the day on the web facebook twitter and blogs. We are together once again and i am.
Awesome happy birthday wishes for niece bday quotes messages wish happy birthday to my gorgeous niece birthday wishes for niece on her 1st birthday wishes for. My friend today is the day in which i can show you just a little of all the things time and dedication you have given me. Have a nice day romantic good morning quotes. Nice college boy didnt want to get mixed up in the family business. This is a business trip.
Ive always have this penchant for inspirational positive quotes. I dreamed about you last it was beautiful but woke up desperately looking for you on my side.
That Was The Best Have A Nice Day Quotes For Her, Hopefully it's useful and you like it.


text:
Q: Flash and rails with HTML I'm trying to put a simple smiley into a flash message like so:
flash[:info] = "Please check your email to activate your account ☺"

from the controller
if @user.save
   flash[:info] = "Please check your email to activate your account ☺"

How do I get ruby to execute this code, it worked right then as I typed the question, but on my rails app not so lucky. I am rendering my flash as a partial on the application.html.haml page that simply loops through  the flash messages and displays the message.
_flash.html.haml:
-flash.each do |message_type, message|
    =content_tag(:div, message, class: "alert alert-#{message_type}")

A: You can use sanitize() to render html entity instead of escaping it:
=content_tag(:div, sanitize(message), class: "alert alert-#{message_type}", escape: false)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


These little Christmas Holiday Pet Sweaters are so darn cute they are a must have for your little furry friend. They are loose fitting so there is plenty of stretch room in them. Our Little Model is wearing a size X-Small she weights 6 pounds.
X-Small Up to 10 lbs 14" 12"
Small Up to 15 lbs 15" 13"
Medium Up to 20 lbs 17" 14.5"
Large Up to 25 lbs 18" 17"


text:
HomeIran News NowIran: The 1988 Massacre Of Political Prisoners Amounts To Genocide
Iran News NowIran 1988 MassacreEbrahim Raisi
Iran: The 1988 Massacre Of Political Prisoners Amounts To Genocide
Written by Mansoureh Galestan
In a conference coinciding with the 33rd anniversary of the 1988 massacre of political prisoners in Iran, more than 1,000 political prisoners and witnesses of torture in prisons and dungeons of the clerical regime demanded an end to the impunity enjoyed by the regime leaders and to prosecute Khamenei, Raisi, Judiciary Chief, Eje'i and other perpetrators of the massacre. During the 1988 massacre, based on Khomeini's fatwa, the clerical regime executed at least 30,000 political prisoners. Most of the victims were members and supporters of the Mujahedin-e Khalq (MEK/PMOI). They were massacred for their steadfast commitment to MEK's ideals and the Iranian people's freedom.
Geoffrey Robertson, QC, Human Rights Barrister and first President of the UN Special Court for Sierra Leone, was one of the event's speakers. In his remarks, Mr. Robertson, who has investigated the 1988 massacre, said that the 1988 massacre amounts to genocide. He said: "It has been a crime to kill prisoners for centuries. The difference is that if it amounts to a particular crime of genocide, there is an international convention that binds countries to take action and punish that genocide."
Referring to Khomeini's fatwa as the basis of the massacre, he reiterated, "It seems to me that there is very strong evidence that this was a genocide. It applies to killing or torturing a certain group for their religious beliefs. A religious group that did not accept the backward ideology of the Iranian regime… There is no doubt that there is a case for prosecuting [regime President Ebrahim] Raisi and others. There has been a crime committed that engages international responsibility. Something must be done about it as has been done against the perpetrators of the Srebrenica massacre."
The full text of Mr. Robertson's speech:
What happened in Iranian prison, in that dreadful time in late July and August of 1988. I did an investigation for the Boromand Foundation some years ago. I interviewed about 50 survivors of those prisoners at that time, and I set out my conclusions, firstly as to the fact that thousands of members of the MEK were called before a death committee and directed it once they affirmed their allegiance. They were without any trial, without any defense lawyers, without anything, they were sent by the dead committee to a corridor on the left so-called court and they were taken and hanged.
The death committee knew, all members including Raisi knew what was happing they knew they are sending thousands of prisoners to death. And of course, they were implemented, deliberately knowingly a fatwa issued by the Supreme Leader. Now, what was their knowledge, they knew exactly what was happening in that corridor where they directed these poor prisoners, but the question arises because it is important, this was barbaric, it was the ultimate in brutality.
But what was it in law, because what it was in law makes a difference. It was a crime; it has been a crime for centuries to kill prisoners without trial, to kill those who have been surrendered or have been in your custody. But the difference is that if it amounts to one particular crime, the crime of genocide, then there is an international convention, which bonds the countries of the world, including the United States, it was ratified by president Reagan, binds the countries, to take action.
Now, to punish that genocide, what is it genocide? it is certainly a number of other offensive, its murder, its persecution, it is various offenses under international law, that set up and that created the international criminal court. But to punish those offenses you need to go through a lot of groups, you need to get a resolution from the Security Council to send the case to the international criminal court, and Russia or China, or America actually … to veto. So, it's important to see, to analyze whether what happened to those thousands of MEK before, was properly and lawfully classed as genocide. Now in order to amount to genocide, it has to be the killing of a group on the basis of their race and religion, not on the basis of their politics. We can call that politicize like that it is genocide, the genocide is confined. Stalin killed 3 million …, but he wasn't into genocide because he didn't kill them to their race or religion. So it is an artificial difference you may think, but there are two reasons for it.
Firstly, the practical reason, the race, and religion are the two factors that most usually they make hatred, hatred between neighbors, hatred between different classes of people, and particularly volatile, and also race is something you can't help, religion very often is something you can't help, so you can't change. So, these are two factors that we have to see whether race hatred or religious hatred was the purpose of killing this group of MEK prisoners. Well, we have to go back to the fatwa itself to see what the purpose was, and the fatwa issued by Khomeini began this way; since the treacherous MEK do not believe in Islam, and whatever they say stands from hypocrisy, they have become renegades and since they wage war on God.
So, this is the reason, principal reason, "waging war on God". Moharab, this is the reason it goes on, and suggest the political reasons as well, but MEK ever since its foundation, was distinguished from Khomeini's group, because of their more fundamentalist view of Islam, and of course, the MEK was more liberal, and it is quite clear, as I read this fatwa's translation. That it was a religious reason was the primary reason why these people were killed and Khomeini went on, and this was the direction that Raisi, on his own will, deliberately was following. It is naive to show Mercy to Moharabs, those who wage war on God. The decisiveness of Islam before the enemies of God is among the unquestionable tenets of the Islamic regime. So here is a bureaucracy imposing the death penalty and goes on, kill them with revolutionary rage and rancor these enemies of Islam, must be most ferocious against the infidels.
So, I don't think there is any doubt that the order from the supreme leader, accepted willingly, by Raisi, who didn't have to. Ayatollah Montazeri was bagged him to stop, but the other members of the death committee continued and of their own will to carry on, and ordered to kill on with rage and further on for basically, the reason of religion, because the religion of the MEK held to was different to that, which the theocratic state insisted upon it.
And I think it is interesting when the use of these killings first came up through the United Nations. There was an attempt by the regime to defend them and it was an attempt by the then chief justice was Ardabily, and he explained to the UN, he said we are not a secular state, so blasphemy is not permitted. So, he said this was a form of punishing blasphemy and that of course is the crime of the religion having the wrong religion. So, it seems to me that there is very strong evidence that this is genocide, and the genocide convention was ratified by Iran in 1956, under the last Democratic regime, that was overthrown by CIA and MI6, but it applies to killing or causing serious mental or physical harm to members of a racial or religious group as such. Now, it wasn't members of a racial group, they were all Iranian, it was the members of a religious group as such, a religious group that did not accept the fundamentalism of the Ayatollah and the theocracy of this theocratic state, and it viewed as the most heinous of international crimes, it is mass murder by fellow humans, something that they can control attempting there conscious. The religious group with the Iranian regime intended to destroy were those who held a different view of Islam. And latter of course in September they moved on and killed those who were atheist or communist or left-wingers of some form, in other words, those who had denounced Khomeini's view of Islam.
And of course, there are decisions in the courts, that if you are atheist that amounts to killing on grounds of religion, even though they have non, that's the reason. So, there is no doubt, it seems to me that there is a case for prosecuting Raisi and the others … and that is the crime which engages international responsibility, and something must be done about it as being done by the perpetrators of Serbinitsa, was the last declared genocide in international law.
So that is the, I think, I would believe them the actual description of what went on if you look at the actual evidence and decide to classify this is genocide and then an International Convention, which requires states of the world that have signed up to it, most states have, to take action against those who perpetrated it, and one of them was the president of Iran.
1988 Massacre
mek iran
IRAN 1988 Massacre
Conference on Iran's 1988 Massacre Reiterates International Calls to Action
Iran: Ebrahim Raisi's Cabinet Demonstrates Malign Priorities
Iran News in Brief – January 31, 2023

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Rot-Weiß Merl (offiziell: Sportverein Rot-Weiß Merl e. V. von 1946) ist ein Sportverein aus dem Meckenheimer Stadtteil Merl im Rhein-Sieg-Kreis. Die erste Fußballmannschaft der Frauen nahm einmal am DFB-Pokal teil.

Geschichte
Der Verein wurde am 30. März 1946 gegründet. Neben Fußball bietet der Verein auch die Sportarten Handball und Parkour an. Heimspielstätte der Fußballer ist die Alfred-Engel-Sportanlage,. Gespielt wird auf Kunstrasen.

Frauenfußball

Die Fußballerinnen von Rot-Weiß Merl schafften erstmals im Jahre 1997 den Aufstieg in die seinerzeit zweitklassige Regionalliga West, mussten aber am Saisonende prompt wieder absteigen. Auch dem zweiten Aufstieg in die Regionalliga im Jahre 2004 folgte der direkte Wiederabstieg. Erst nach dem dritten Aufstieg im Jahre 2006 konnten sich die Merlerinnen in der Regionalliga etablieren und erreichten in den Spielzeiten 2006/07 und 2008/09 jeweils den siebten Tabellenplatz. Im Jahre 2009 qualifizierte sich die Mannschaft für den DFB-Pokal und unterlag in der ersten Runde dem Bundesligisten SC 07 Bad Neuenahr deutlich mit 0:11.

Ein Jahr später war die Mannschaft schon sportlich abgestiegen. Als nach dem Beitritt des TuS Harpen zum VfL Bochum ein Platz in der Regionalliga frei wurde, verzichtete Rot-Weiß zu Gunsten des FC Sankt Augustin auf das Nachrücken. In der anschließenden Saison 2010/11 wurde die Mannschaft in die Landesliga durchgereicht, bevor es für die Mannschaft im Jahre 2016 hinunter in die Bezirksliga ging. Ende der 2010er Jahre ging es wieder aufwärts und die Merlerinnen stiegen im Jahre 2020 in die Landesliga und zwei Jahre später in die Mittelrheinliga auf.

Männerfußball

Die Männer von Rot-Weiß Merl erlebten in den 2000er und 2010er Jahren einen sportlichen Aufschwung. Noch im Jahre 2005 stiegen die Merler in die unterste Spielklasse, die Kreisliga C ab. Zwei Aufstiege in Folge brachten die Mannschaft im Jahre 2007 in die Kreisliga A. Im Jahre 2010 gelang der Aufstieg in die Bezirksliga, dem vier Jahre später der Sprung in die Landesliga Mittelrhein folgte. Am Ende der Saison 2014/15 folgte der Abstieg in die Bezirksliga, dem zwei Jahre später der Abstieg in die Kreisliga A folgte. In der folgenden Spielzeit 2017/18 gelang der direkte Wiederaufstieg in die Bezirksliga.

Persönlichkeiten
 Holger Jung
 Lex-Tyger Lobinger

Einzelnachweise

Weblinks
 offizielle Website des Vereins

Merl #Rotweiss
Merl #Rotweiss
Organisation (Meckenheim, Rheinland)
Merl #Rotweiss
Merl #Rotweiss
Gegründet 1947

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
High Street, 1955
Doing the Washing!
Talbot Terrace
Mitchell Library, Glasgow Collection, Postcards Collection
Talbot Terrace, Scotstounhill, is pictured in this postcard from c 1910. In the distance, to the east, can be seen the shop attached to Scotstounhill railway station on the other side of Anniesland Road. The trees on the right camouflage a railway cutting carrying the North British Railway line running from the city to Balloch and Helensburgh.
The late-Victorian terraced houses provided homes for suburban commuters, following the opening of Scotstounhill station in 1887. The rural tranquillity of the scene was disturbed when Glasgow Corporation acquired land in the vicinity, building semi-detached houses between the wars and multi-storey tower blocks in the 1960s.
Reference: Mitchell Library, GC Postcards
Glasgow Corporation, North British Railway Co, postcards, railway stations, suburban commuters, terraced houses, tower blocks


Built in 2006 to high standards Nightingale House offers spacious and well-proportioned accommodation, with particular features being an impressive kitchen / breakfast room with granite worktops and a wonderful central breakfast island, Neff appliances with cabinet and floor level lighting. The dining / family room opens onto a sizeable conservatory with beautiful views onto the landscaped gardens. There is a generous size double aspect sitting room and the ground floor accommodation is completed with a study and cloak room, all rooms benefiting from underfloor heating.
On the first floor there are four excellent double bedrooms. Both the master and second bedrooms have en-suites and all four double bedrooms have fitted wardrobes. There is a family bathroom serving the other two bedrooms. All bathrooms are fitted to high quality with white suites and fitted storage solutions.
The grounds of the property are generous and provide a high degree of privacy. The gardens have been landscaped by local award winning garden designer Marianne Krogh and are well stocked with a selection of specimen shrubs and plants. There is a lovely patio area along with a modern waterfall water feature. To the front there is ample parking with a detached double oak garage.
The village's local parade of shops is approximately one third of a mile distant, whilst Storrington with its good range of shopping facilities and amenities is about two miles. Pulborough with its main line station to London / Victoria and the South Coast is approximately four miles away, whilst the large centres of Horsham and Worthing are approximately twelve and ten miles respectively. Most sporting and leisure activities will be found in the immediate locality, including tennis and cricket, whilst in Storrington there are tennis, squash and lawn bowls clubs together with the Chanctonbury Leisure Centre.


Description The domain %1 has been removed from the enterprise. The local server will no longer replicate domain %1 from server %4 at address %2. Removal of the contents of this domain from the local server has begun. Progress will be made in removing the remainder of these objects on the next execution of the Knowledge Consistency Checker (KCC).
Event Information This domain controller cannot replicate the specified directory partition from the domain controller at the specified network address. This is because the directory partition has been removed from Active Directory. Removal of the directory partition on this domain controller has begun. Progress in removing the remainder of these objects will occur at the next Knowledge Consistency Checker update. No user action is required.


text:
Q: Help with bounds / proof by induction for T(n) = ... I have the following practice problem:
T(n) = 3T(n/2) + n
I need to find the bound by recursion tree. This is what I have. I feel uneasy with my answer...I'm not sure if I'm going about it correctly.
Recursion Tree:
                                      n
                    T(n/2)    T(n/2)    T(n/2)    n
     T(n/4)    T(n/4)    T(n/4)    T(n/4)    T(n/4)    T(n/4)    n
                         T(n/8) ...(27 times...)    n
                                    ...
                                    T(0)

I believe the upper bound will then be O(n^(log2^3)), as each level splits T(n/2) by 3. Is that the correct way to go about looking at this?
Also, my next practice problem is to prove by induction, which I'm very uneasy with still (I'm still reading more about doing the proof by induction for this). Any tips on how to go about starting that would also be appreciated! Thanks all!


text:
Main page	> Museum > Historical collection > Accessibility
The Museum Collections Department provides documentation for its holdings, carries out scholarly research on their history, and acquires historical items, often from former prisoners and their relatives.
For many years, the Auschwitz-Birkenau Museum has supported exhibitions at historical museums around the world as a way of sharing the truth about Auschwitz with people in those countries.
This cooperation includes short-term loans to galleries and museums and long-term loans, mostly to museums and educational centers that deal with the Holocaust and the Nazi terror but do not have their own collections.
Items from the Memorial collections can be seen at
The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in Washington, USA
The Yad Vashem Institute in Jerusalem, Israel
Los Angeles Museum of the Holocaust
The Jewish Holocaust Museum & Research Center in Melbourne (Elsternwick), Australia (copies)
Loan procedures are subject to the provisions of the Loan Agreement and Conditions of Loan. Lending the copies of the exhibits from the collections of the State Museum Auschwitz-Birkenau is signed in accordance with different Lending Agreement form.
Objects from the collections are also made available at the Museum for research purposes, upon approval of a written request to the Collections Department, stating the purpose of the research.
The Museum charges a fee for photographing items in its collections, and for making these images available on electronic media:
• for taking photographs: 170 PLN per photograph (over 5 photographs — 120 PLN apiece)
• for copying photogrtaphs: 100 PLN per copy (over 5 copies — 70 PLN apiece)
Since making images available is regulated with a civil law agreement, the awaiting time for the image is approximately 3-4 weeks.
On request, the Director of the Museum or the deputies of the Director may waive 50 percent or the entirety of this fee in cases where the photographs are taken for scholarly, research or educational purposes, or at the behest of other cultural institutions.


If you're meeting invites are not coming in your Inbox and are directly going to Calendar, which is creating a problem as you are not notified about the meetings. Then there is no need to worry as there are many reasons because of which you might face this issue. First, you need to check some of your Outlook settings.
1. Automatically accept or decline.
Click on Option which will open an Outlook options window.
In the left-hand side, click on Calendar.
Check if any checkbox is checked, if yes unchecked it.
2. Check if any delegate access is given to your account.
Go to View tab>View Settings>Filter... and check if you have any filter.
4. Check if any Rules are created which is not allowing Inbox to show the invites. If yes delete the Rule.
For checking the rules go to the file tab and Manage Rules $ Alerts.
If all settings are proper but still you are facing the issue you can go and Reset the view which will bring all the invites to your Inbox.
Click on the view tab > Reset view as shown in the below screenshot.
3. Click on yes button.


text:
'Oil prices may drop further on potential glut'
By Femi Adekoya
De-risking Nigeria's solid minerals sector for foreign investments
15 hours ago Energy
OPEC mulls deeper cuts to hedge Coronavirus' impact as oil dips to $58
Nigeria to drill seven wells, add 50,000bpd infrastructure at Otakikpo field
Global oil supply could continue to rise at a rapid pace in 2020, surpassing the increase in demand.
This is expected to affect oil prices that have continued to hover between $60-65 per barrel in the last few months.
According to new figures from the International Energy Agency (IEA), non-OPEC supply could expand by a staggering 2.3 million barrels per day (mb/d), nearly double the expected increase in demand at 1.2 mb/d.
For Nigeria, there are concerns about the country's potential to fund its N10.33trilion budget for the 2020 fiscal year if the price drops below the $57 benchmark.
That forecast doesn't just depend on substantial growth from U.S. shale (although it does), but also on expected increases from Brazil, Norway and Guyana.
The surge in output complicates OPEC+'s task as Vienna approaches. The production cuts are currently set to expire at the end of March 2020, but the group is widely expected to extend that agreement through the end of the year.
"The hefty supply cushion that is likely to build up during the first half of next year will offer cold comfort to OPEC+ ministers gathering in Vienna at the start of next month," the IEA said. "However, a continuously well-supplied market will lend support to a fragile global economy."
The supply overhang creates problems for OPEC+. "The OPEC+ countries face a major challenge in 2020 as demand for their crude is expected to fall sharply," the IEA said. "During the first half of 2020, the call on OPEC crude falls to 28.2 mb/d versus 30.2 mb/d in 4Q19." In other words, the expected surge in supply from the U.S., Guyana, Brazil and Norway could force OPEC+ to back out more production.
"This highlights the need for another cut in output," Commerzbank said in a note.
But the forecast has some issues with it. The IEA acknowledges the headwinds facing U.S. shale drillers.
"Capital discipline and investor apathy is restricting investment," the agency said. Oilfield services companies are warning about a slowdown. Individual shale companies are also admitting that they will rein in growth prospects. At the same time, the oil majors are aggressively expanding drilling.
The IEA still sees U.S. supply growing at 1.2 mb/d in 2020, a figure that is unchanged from last month's report, despite the wave of third quarter earnings reports that offered some evidence of a slowdown.
It is worth noting that the IEA is arguably at the optimistic end of a lot of U.S. shale forecasts these days. For instance, Goldman Sachs lowered its supply forecast for 2020 from U.S. shale to just 600,000 bpd.
IHS Markit goes further, predicting a more dramatic slowdown. The firm sees U.S. supply growth of just 440,000 bpd in 2020, a rather stark divergence from the IEA figures. U.S. shale is "slowing down fast," IHS Markit said in a report earlier this month. In 2021, it sees shale "flattening out."
"Going from nearly 2 million barrels per day annual growth in 2018, an all-time global record, to essentially no growth by 2021 makes it pretty clear that this is a new era of moderation for shale producers," Raoul LeBlanc, vice president for North American uncoventionals, IHS Markit, said in a statement. "This is a dramatic shift after several years where annual growth of more than one million barrels per day was the norm."
On the demand side of the equation, the IEA trimmed its forecast slightly to 0.985 mb/d, down from 1 mb/d previously. The agency sees that figure rebounding to 1.2 mb/d next year.
"Recent data point to a significant slowdown in world industrial production growth since the end of 2018. The IMF attributes this slowdown to a sharp drop in car production and sales, weak business confidence and slowing Chinese demand," the IEA said.
Needless to say, the outcome of the U.S.-China trade war has a great deal of influence on demand. The IEA said that oil demand would be 400,000 bpd higher in 2020 if tariffs were removed. But the general assumption is that most of the tariffs will remain, notwithstanding the pending "partial deal" that could suspend or delay some levies.
Turning back to Vienna, OPEC+ faces a tough choice as it prepares to meet. If the IEA is correct and global supply growth is expected to surge next year, the group risks a price crash if it doesn't cut deeper. However, the ministers can probably take comfort in the fact that U.S. shale is slowing down dramatically and a growing number of analysts think the IEA is overestimating shale's resilience.
oil prices.OPEC


The recreational foiling market is already starting to take a good chunk of the beachcat sales, the new flying trend till now has been targeted for experienced sailors. To fly the N20FCS / FP or A-Cat you need some serious catsailing skills and experience to sail them beyond 10 knots of wind.
Michele Petrucci's Stunt 9 changed that prerequisite and has offered foiling fun to a wider group of sailors.
Following Stunt 9 path, Michael Miller, who use to promote the S9 back in Punta Ala 2015, has launched a new recreational foiler, the I-FLY15.


text:
Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
full text icon
contents icon
figure icon
Figures /
attach icon
references icon
related icon
comments icon
Top of Article
View LargeDownload
Operative times required to perform laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. A trend toward lower operative times is apparent. Times are not adjusted for procedures performed in addition to laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.
Percentage of excess body weight (EBW) lost at most recent follow-up visit for all patients in this series.
Perioperative Data
Complications Requiring Invasive Therapeutic Intervention
Univariate Analysis to Identify Demographic Factors Associated With Complications Requiring Invasive Therapeutic Intervention
Significance and Odds Ratios for Hypertension, Sleep Apnea, and Surgeon Experience in a Multivariate Model to Predict Complications
Univariate Analysis Showing Correlation Between Independent Variables and Percentage of Excess Body Weight Lost at 1 Year
Allison DBFontaine KRManson JEStevens JVanItallie TB Annual deaths attributable to obesity in the United States. JAMA. 1999;2821530- 1538Google ScholarCrossref
Sugerman HJStarkey JVBirkenhauer R A randomized prospective trial of gastric bypass versus vertical banded gastroplasty for morbid obesity and their effects on sweets versus non-sweets eaters. Ann Surg. 1987;205613- 624Google ScholarCrossref
Capella JFCapella RF The weight reduction operation of choice: vertical banded gastroplasty or gastric bypass? Am J Surg. 1996;17174- 79Google ScholarCrossref
Wittgrove ACClark GWTremblay LJ Laparoscopic gastric bypass, Roux-en-Y: preliminary report of five cases. Obes Surg. 1994;4353- 357Google ScholarCrossref
Schauer PRIkramuddin SGourash WF Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass: a case report at one-year follow-up. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A. 1999;9101- 106Google ScholarCrossref
Lonroth HDalenback JHaglind ELundell L Laparoscopic gastric bypass: another option in bariatric surgery. Surg Endosc. 1996;10636- 638Google ScholarCrossref
Schauer PRIkramuddin SGourash WRamanathan RLuketich J Outcomes after laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass for morbid obesity. Ann Surg. 2000;232515- 529Google ScholarCrossref
Wittgrove ACClark GW Laparoscopic gastric bypass, Roux-en-Y—500 patients: technique and results, with 3-60 month follow-up. Obes Surg. 2000;10233- 239Google ScholarCrossref
Higa KDBoone KBHo TDavies OG Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass for morbid obesity: technique and preliminary results of our first 400 patients. Arch Surg. 2000;1351029- 1034Google ScholarCrossref
DeMaria EJSugerman HJKellum JMMeador JGWolfe LG Results of 281 consecutive total laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypasses to treat morbid obesity. Ann Surg. 2002;235640- 647Google ScholarCrossref
Consensus Development Conference Panel, NIH conference: gastrointestinal surgery for severe obesity. Ann Intern Med. 1991;115956- 961Google ScholarCrossref
Clavien PASanabria JRStrasberg SM Proposed classification of complications of surgery with examples of utility in cholecystectomy. Surgery. 1992;111518- 526Google Scholar
Pories WJSwanson MSMacDonald KG et al. Who would have thought it? an operation proves to be the most effective therapy for adult-onset diabetes mellitus. Ann Surg. 1995;222339- 352Google ScholarCrossref
Schauer PIkramuddin SIHamad GGourash W The learning curve for laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in 100 cases. Abstract presented at 8th World Congress of the Society of American Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Surgeons March 16, 2002 New York, NY
Oliak DSchmidt HWeber PWasielewski AFan PBallantyne G Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass demands a long learning curve. Abstract presented at 8th World Congress of the Society of American Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Surgeons March 16, 2002 New York, NY
MacDonald Jr KGLong SDSwanson MS et al. The gastric bypass operation reduces the progression and mortality of non–insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. J Gastrointest Surg. 1997;1213- 220Google ScholarCrossref
Diet Lifestyle Behaviors Minimally Invasive Surgery Surgery
Citations 119
Twitter Facebook More
Perugini RA, Mason R, Czerniach DR, et al. Predictors of Complication and Suboptimal Weight Loss After Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass: A Series of 188 Patients. Arch Surg. 2003;138(5):541–546. doi:10.1001/archsurg.138.5.541
Predictors of Complication and Suboptimal Weight Loss After Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass: A Series of 188 Patients
Richard A. Perugini, MD; Robin Mason, MS, NP; Donald R. Czerniach, MD; et al Yuri W. Novitsky, MD; Stephen Baker, MScPH; Demetrius E. M. Litwin, MD; John J. Kelly, MD
Author Affiliations Article Information
From the Department of Surgery (Drs Perugini, Czerniach, Novitsky, Litwin, and Kelley and Mr Mason) and the Informatics Unit, Department of Academic Computing (Mr Baker), University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester.
Arch Surg. 2003;138(5):541-546. doi:10.1001/archsurg.138.5.541
Hypothesis An analysis of patients undergoing laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) may identify factors predictive of complication and of suboptimal weight loss.
Design Inception cohort.
Setting Metropolitan university hospital.
Patients One hundred eighty-eight consecutive patients with severe obesity who met National Institutes of Health consensus guidelines for bariatric surgery.
Interventions Laparoscopic RYGB.
Main Outcome Measures Complications requiring therapeutic intervention and percentage of excess body weight lost at 1 year after surgery.
Results Of the 188 patients who underwent laparoscopic RYGB, 50 (26.6%) developed complications that required an invasive therapeutic intervention, including 2 deaths. The average follow-up was 351 days (range, 89-1019 days). Multivariate analysis by stepwise logistic regression identified surgeon experience, sleep apnea (P = .003; odds ratio, 3.0; 95% confidence interval, 1.3-7.1), and hypertension (P = .07; odds ratio, 2.0; 95% confidence interval, 1.0-4.0) as predictors of complications. The most common complication requiring therapeutic intervention was stricture at the gastrojejunal anastomosis, occurring in 27 patients (14.4%). Of the 115 patients who underwent surgery more than 1 year previously, 1-year follow-up data were available for 93 (81%). The body mass index (weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters) decreased from 53 ± 8 preoperatively to 35 ± 6 at 1 year. The mean ± SD percentage of excess body weight lost at 1 year was 61% ± 14%. Diabetes mellitus was negatively correlated with percentage of excess body weight lost at 1 year (P = .06).
Conclusions Surgeon experience, sleep apnea, and hypertension are associated with complications after laparoscopic RYGB. Diabetes mellitus may be associated with poorer postoperative weight loss.
OBESITY IS a major health problem in the United States, estimated to account for approximately 280 000 deaths per year.1 Obesity, which is associated with multiple life-threatening comorbidities, is defined as a body mass index (BMI; calculated as weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters) greater than 40. Surgical intervention has been proven to be the most effective therapeutic option for the morbidly obese patient. Of the most commonly offered surgical procedures, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) appears to offer the best long-term results.2,3
In an effort to decrease both postoperative length of stay and the complication rate associated with RYGB, the procedure has been adapted for a minimally invasive approach.4-6 Since the introduction of laparoscopic RYGB, there has been a rapid increase in the volume of bariatric surgery. Several large series have been reported, with weight loss as well as improvements in comorbidities similar to those seen with earlier reports of open gastric bypass.7-10 We present data on our initial series of patients who underwent laparoscopic RYGB, with multivariate analyses to identify factors predictive of complication and of inadequate weight loss.
This is a case series from a tertiary care academic hospital in a metropolitan setting. Information on all patients who underwent bariatric surgery from July 21, 1999, to January 30, 2002, were entered into a database. Data included sex, age, weight, BMI, comorbidities, length of operation, postoperative length of stay, complications, readmissions, and weight recorded in follow-up visits. All patients qualified for surgery under published National Institutes of Health consensus guidelines for treatment of the morbidly obese patient,11 including evaluation and approval by a multidisciplinary team. Patients' charts were reviewed with their permission. This was in accordance with the institutional review board at the University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester.
All complications were categorized according to the Clavien et al scale.12 Ideal body weight, as determined by the Metropolitan Life Insurance tables, was used to calculate excess body weight (EBW). Follow-up data regarding weight loss were recorded as percentage of EBW lost at various points postoperatively. Multivariate statistical analyses were performed to identify factors associated with complications that required invasive therapeutic intervention (Clavien et al category 2b and above) or with percentage of EBW lost at 1 year postoperatively.
Associations between each independent variable and each dichotomous outcome were evaluated by simple logistic regression and likelihood ratio tests. When multiple factors were found to be significantly associated with a dichotomous outcome, stepwise multiple logistic regression was used to develop a multivariate model using the likelihood ratio test as a stepping metric and the significance of the improvement in the model as a stopping rule. For the continuous outcome (percentage of EBW lost), the univariate associations with continuous independent variables were evaluated by the Spearman rank correlation coefficient, and for the dichotomous independent variables by the t test. Multivariate models were developed for the continuous outcomes by means of multiple linear regressions.
The technique for constructing an RYGB is a modification of that described by Lonroth et al.6 Whereas they described an antecolic loop gastrojejunostomy with an omega loop enteroanastomosis, we transect the loop to fashion an antecolic Roux-en-Y gastrojejunostomy. Enoxaparin sodium and cefazolin sodium are routinely administered for prophylaxis.
The phrenicogastric peritoneal reflection is divided and the gastric fundus is mobilized. At a point approximately 3 cm from the esophagogastric junction on the lesser curvature, a retrogastric plane is developed by means of blunt dissection and hook cautery until the lesser sac is entered. With the ultrasonic dissector, a very small anterior gastrotomy is made on what is to become the stomach pouch. A larger anterior gastrotomy is made on what is to become the remnant stomach, and a 25-mm end-to-end anastomosis (EEA) anvil is inserted into the abdomen via the left upper quadrant port; this requires dilation of the port site. The port is replaced with a balloon-tip trocar to prevent air leakage. The anvil is then passed through the remnant stomach gastrotomy so that the spike exits the stomach pouch through the gastrotomy. The gastrotomy on the remnant stomach is closed with a gastrointestinal anastomosis stapler (EndoGIA; US Surgical, Norwalk, Conn). The stomach is transected sequentially from the lesser curve to the angle of His with multiple fires of the gastrointestinal anastomosis stapler reinforced with bovine pericardium strips (Cardio-Medical, Rockaway, NJ), completing the pouch. The distal edge of omentum is divided with the ultrasonic dissector up over transverse colon to the greater curve of the stomach. A loop of jejunum 20 to 30 cm distal to the ligament of Treitz is identified and a 50% circumference transverse enterotomy is made with the ultrasonic dissector. A 25 EEA stapler (US Surgical) is brought in through the left upper quadrant port site and into the small bowel enterotomy, entering proximal bowel and advancing distally away from the ligament of Treitz. The loop is swung up to the gastric pouch, the anvil and the stapler are docked together, and the stapler is fired. The stapler is removed through the left upper quadrant port. The small-bowel enterotomy used for stapler entry is resected after the Roux limb and the biliary limb ends are stapled off, truncating the loop gastrojejunostomy. The Roux limb is marched distally approximately 120 cm. A side-to-side jejunojejunostomy is created at this point with a gastrointestinal anastomosis stapler. The enterotomy is closed transversely with a gastrointestinal anastomosis stapler. Silk stitches proximal and distal to the anastomosis are placed to prevent torsion at the anastomosis. The mesenteric defect is closed with 2-0 silk suture. A drain is left alongside the gastrojejunostomy.
Table 1 and Table 2 include demographics and perioperative data, respectively, on the 188 patients who underwent laparoscopic RYGB. The mean age of the patients was 44 years, and most of the patients were female (83.5%). The average BMI in this series was 52; the average patient would be considered superobese. The average time in the operating room was 163 minutes and was not corrected for any additional procedures performed. In addition, this series documented our learning curve, and operative times decreased as experience was gained (Figure 1). The average operating time for the last 50 cases was 140 ± 28 minutes.
In 3 patients, open laparotomy was performed. In 2 cases the procedure was converted to open laparotomy, and 1 case was planned open. One of the conversions was due to splenic hemorrhage. The second patient had had a previous attempt at RYGB that was aborted. When she underwent reexploration for laparoscopic RYGB, a gastrotomy was made inadvertently because this plane had been obliterated by previous dissection. Finally, 1 case was planned open because of a large incisional hernia, which was repaired at the time of surgery. The mean postoperative length of stay was 3.8 days.
The most common postoperative complication requiring invasive therapeutic intervention was stenosis at the gastrojejunal anastomosis, occurring in 14.4% of all patients (Table 3). This accounts for more than half of all of the complications listed. The complications with the next highest frequency, staple line hemorrhage and bowel obstruction due to adhesions, each occurred in only 3.2% of all patients. Of particular note, leak from the gastrojejunal anastomosis was relatively rare (1.6%).
The univariate analysis identified experience, hypertension, and sleep apnea as being predictive of complication (Table 4). The most important factor after multivariate analysis was experience. A significant decrease in the complication rate was recognized only after 120 procedures had been performed (Table 5). Sleep apnea and hypertension also appeared to be independent predictors of complications, with odds ratios of 3.0 and 2.0, respectively.
Weight loss at the time of most recent follow-up is included in Figure 2. We analyzed the outcomes with respect to weight loss at 1 year after surgery. Twenty-two (19%) of the 115 patients who had surgery more than 1 year ago were lost to follow-up. In the remaining 93 patients, weight decreased from a mean ± SD of 148 ± 30 kg to 100 ± 21 kg. The BMI in these patients decreased from 53 ± 8 to 35 ± 6. The mean ± SD percentage of EBW lost was 61% ± 14%. The only variable inversely correlated with percentage of EBW lost at 1 year was a preoperative diagnosis of diabetes mellitus (P = .06; Table 6). When patients were stratified according to whether or not diabetes was present, no other factor was significantly correlated with weight loss.
This series corroborates several others in demonstrating that a laparoscopic approach to RYGB is feasible, even in superobese patients. Furthermore, results with regard to weight loss appear to be similar to those reported in the open literature. Laparoscopic gastric bypass should be accepted as at least the equivalent of open gastric bypass as a bariatric procedure. The percentage of patients who require open RYGB, whether planned or as a result of intraoperative complication, is quite low (1.1%-3.0%).
Patients who undergo laparoscopic or open RYGB can have adverse outcomes in 2 different respects. First, the surgery may be associated with several complications, some of which may be life threatening. Indeed, Pories et al13 reported an early complication rate of 25.5% and a mortality rate of 1.5% in a series of open gastric bypasses. Second, some patients experience suboptimal weight loss after gastric bypass. Wittgrove and Clark8 noted that 15% to 22% of patients will have lost less than 50% of excess body weight by 36 to 54 months postoperatively.8
An analysis of the complications in this series has to be tempered by the increased incidence of gastrojejunostomy stricture. This occurred in 14.4% of cases. This rate should be contrasted to the 4.7% to 6.6% reported by Schauer et al,7 Higa et al,9 and DeMaria et al.10 It is possible that the factors we identified as predictive of complication (experience, sleep apnea, and hypertension) may be specific for the complication of gastrojejunal stenosis.
A possible explanation for the high rate of gastrojejunal stricture, as compared with the other series mentioned, is that whereas we bring the Roux jejunal limb anterior to the transverse colon, the other groups noted tunnel the Roux limb in a retrocolic fashion. Another possible explanation involves the use of a circular stapler to create the anastomosis. Although our stricture rate was 17% for the first 100 cases, it decreased to less than 4% for the next 100 cases, with no change in our operative technique. Therefore, any theory about the cause of gastrojejunal strictures that we can formulate by comparing this series with others would be flawed, as it would not explain the drop in our stricture rate. Gastrojejunal strictures may be one of the indicators for learning curve. Experience may cause subtle improvements that surgeons are not able to identify except for objective decreases in morbidity.
The most significant factor associated with complications requiring invasive intervention was surgeon experience. In this series, all the operations were performed by one surgeon (J.J.K.), trained in advanced laparoscopic surgery. The complication rate did not decrease until after 120 cases. This finding is similar to reports by Schauer et al14 and Oliak et al15 suggesting that the complication rate does not decrease until after 100 cases. Laparoscopic RYGB is a challenging procedure, demanding a long learning curve. In addition to surgeon experience, hypertension and sleep apnea also were independent predictors of complication. To our knowledge, this is the first series that has implicated either as factors associated with complications after laparoscopic RYGB.
With follow-up data available for 81% of all patients more than 1 year after surgery, the mean ± SD percentage of EBW lost was 61% ± 14%. Values of 69%, 69% ± 22%, and 70% ± 5% were reported by Higa et al,9 Schauer et al,7 and DeMaria et al,10 respectively. The only factor inversely correlated with percentage of EBW lost 1 year postoperatively in this series was a preoperative diagnosis of diabetes mellitus or impaired glucose tolerance (P = .06, t test). This should not discourage surgeons from performing bariatric procedures on diabetic patients. Indeed, Pories' group13,16 demonstrated that one of the greatest health benefits of gastric bypass in severely obese patients is the ability to cure diabetes. More than 80% of obese diabetic patients become euglycemic after gastric bypass. More importantly, this translates into a significantly reduced mortality for obese diabetic patients who undergo gastric bypass compared with control obese diabetic patients (1.0% per year vs 4.5% per year). Weight loss in and of itself is too simplistic a measure of success for bariatric surgery programs; other outcomes to be considered are improvement in quality of life, resolution of comorbidities, and, ultimately, improvement in life expectancy. A valid criticism of this analysis is that we did not quantify degree of insulin resistance. We simply characterized as "diabetic" all patients who were previously diagnosed as diabetic, whether they required medication or their condition was controlled by diet.
Thirty-six patients (19.1%) had a preoperative BMI greater than 60. We found no objective reason to consider excessive BMI or weight a contraindication to laparoscopic approach to RYGB. The most difficult cases involved patients with central obesity and a large left lateral hepatic lobe; these cases occurred across all BMI categories.
Previous upper abdominal surgery also adds to the degree of difficulty in performing a laparoscopic RYGB. This should not be considered a contraindication to the laparoscopic approach. Four of the patients included in this series had undergone previous open vertical banded gastroplasties. In all cases, we were able to convert to RYGB laparoscopically. Three of these patients had uneventful postoperative courses. One patient had a gastrogastric fistula requiring reoperation.
In summary, this series confirms that a program in laparoscopic RYGB can be successful in an academic medical center. The procedures were performed in an acceptable length of time (163 minutes). Patients with routine courses were discharged in 3 days. Complications that required invasive therapeutic intervention occurred in 25.5% of patients. The most significant predictor of complication was surgeon experience, with the rate of complication decreasing after treatment of 120 patients. A preoperative diagnosis of hypertension or of sleep apnea was also associated with postoperative complications. Postoperative weight loss was comparable with that seen in a series of open RYGB (61% ± 14% of EBW at 1 year postoperatively). Diabetes mellitus may be inversely correlated with percentage of EBW loss at 1 year postoperatively.
Corresponding author and reprints: Richard A. Perugini, MD, Department of Surgery, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 55 Lake Ave N, Worcester, MA 01655 (e-mail: peruginr@ummhc.org).
Box Section Ref ID
Accepted for publication January 12, 2003.
This study was presented at the 83rd Annual Meeting of the New England Surgical Society, Dixville Notch, NH, September 27, 2002, and is published after peer review and revision. The discussions that follow this article are based on the originally submitted manuscript and not the revised manuscript.
Padiath Aslam, MD, Augusta, Me: After doing several hundred open cases and starting to do laparoscopic, I cannot agree with you more that the surgeon experience is a good predictor of complication. I agree also after doing 50 retrocolic and about 125 antecolic, antecolic will have less complications because of the fewer number of steps involved. Also the visibility is better laparoscopically that way. I would suggest that the stricture rate in the initial cases when doing antecolic might be due to the tension and also to the fact that with the EEA intraluminal stapler, you crush a lot of tissues when you have tension. I would suggest doing it with a linear stapler. The stricture rate, even though still present, will be less. One of the silver linings about the complication rate, if it is a nonfatal complication, is that patients are happier because the restriction—for example, if there is a stricture, weight loss is better and patients are happier [laughter].
Jeffrey Cohen, MD, Hartford, Conn: I want to congratulate Dr Perugini and his coauthors on a very impressive study, especially with the learning curve for laparoscopy, which we are all interested in for various procedures. What I was wondering about, working at the other end of the GI tract, the EEA-25 stapler we find creates significant strictures in the lower intestinal tract and I am wondering, speculating that maybe that is responsible for the stricture formation that you saw at 14% and whether it is necessary to use such a small aperture for the overall success of the patients.
Lastly, could you comment on what you do to maintain the success of the body weight? What is the support system a year out that you have for these patients?
David Butsch, MD, Barre, Vt: I certainly compliment the authors on a wonderful paper, but I cannot help but ask the question, when you see all these patients in your office and have them on your operating table, especially the 650-pounder, do you ever have any other ideas at the end of surgery that might help these people? In a serious way I would like to ask that question. Thank you.
Dr Perugini: I would like to address the idea of the stricture rate at the proximal anastomosis. This has been troubling us for some time and we thought we had some answers—again, antecolic vs retrocolic, maybe EEA stapler vs linear staplers—but the fact that this complication has basically disappeared in our practice really leaves us at a loss as to why this was happening. We have not changed our technique whatsoever. We are still using a 25-EEA stapler. We are possibly getting subtly better with doing our proximal dissection around the gastric pouch, maybe maintaining some more blood supply, but I do not have a good idea. I do not know that anything that has been addressed, advanced today, really—we have thought about it all and it has not helped us understand it better.
In terms of support systems postoperatively, the patients are seen by the surgeon on a routine postoperative schedule at 2 weeks, 6 weeks, 6 months, 1 year, and every year thereafter. They are also seen by the nutritionist on a scheduled basis too. If either the surgeon or the nutritionist identifies any issues, they are quickly referred back to either nutrition, behavioral medicine, whatever other support system it takes to help with their postoperative outcome. A lot of this has to do with how compliant the patient is.
Finally, a good point that was brought up was antecolic vs retrocolic. Most of the series that I was talking about are switching to an antecolic approach for other reasons as was mentioned. The initial surgery is much easier. The reexplorations are much easier also, as the Roux limb is right in front, basically the first thing to be seen on exploring the abdomen.
Finally, how to get better quicker? I am someone who has gone through a laparoscopic fellowship program, so luckily during my training I have had the privilege of doing a good 80 cases. I am hopeful that my learning curve is going to be much shortened because of that. I do not have any other helpful tips other than a lot of practice. The learning curve of 120 patients has pretty much been verified by both Schauer and by Ballantine in Hackensack, who noted that their complication rate did not decrease until after 100 cases.
JAMA Surgery Author Interviews
Get the latest from JAMA Surgery


text:
Video Game OST
SHOP BY DECADE
CD CLUB AND LIMITED EDITIONS
OUTSIDE NORTH AMERICA? VISIT THE VARESE INTERNATIONAL SHOP HERE
Nuno Malo
No God, No Master (CD)
[{"id":1299519044,"title":"Default Title","option1":"Default Title","option2":null,"option3":null,"sku":"4219","requires_shipping":true,"taxable":true,"featured_image":null,"available":true,"name":"No God, No Master (CD)","public_title":null,"options":["Default Title"],"price":1798,"weight":159,"compare_at_price":null,"inventory_quantity":26,"inventory_management":"shopify","inventory_policy":"deny","barcode":"030206421927","requires_selling_plan":false,"selling_plan_allocations":[]}]
When a series of package bombs show up on the doorsteps of prominent politicians and businessmen in the summer of 1919, U.S. Bureau of Investigation Agent William Flynn (David Strathairn) is assigned the task of finding those responsible. He becomes immersed in an investigation that uncovers an anarchist plot to destroy democracy. Inspired by true events of the '20s, the film sets the stage for a timely thriller with resoundingly similar parallels to the contemporary war on terrorism and the role government plays to defeat it.
A revelation! What a stunning, epic, beautiful work. We are so proud to have Nuno Malo's No God, No Master mark this young composer's Varèse Sarabande debut. Malo has crafted a powerful, classically-styled work for this period thriller that will surely excite many film music fans who remember when there used to be more scores in this style. Nuno Malo is an exciting new name and talent.
Limited Edition of 1000 copies
1. Opening Titles (3:03)
2. Bike Ride Through Little Italy (:51)
3. Bomb In The Church (2:20)
4. Post Office Package Bombs (1:14)
5. Rockefeller Confrontation (1:59)
6. Explosion At Louise Berger's (1:11)
7. Flynn Talks With Tresca (2:27)
8. Tresca's Speech (2:20)
9. Vanzetti's Past (1:25)
10. Vanzetti Finds A New Home (2:28)
11. Another Bomb, Vanzetti's Theme (1:20)
12. Three Friends, Bomb At Flynn's Doorstep (1:58)
13. Sacco's Dream (1:12)
14. Flynn's Partner Death (1:46)
15. Interrogation At Luigi's Place (5:27)
16. Flynn Interrogates C. Howe (1:30)
17. Vanezetti Gives A Cat To The Little Boy (1:47)
18. Memorial, Police Attacks (2:02)
19. Rockefeller Confrontation (Cello Version) (1:50)
20. Flynn Talks To Palmer (1:10)
21. Flynn's Search For Tony, Galleani's Capture (7:57)
22. The 10000 Immigrants Arrest (3:20)
23. Arm Robbery, Sacco And Vanzetti's Arrest (2:37)
24. Catacomb Of The Flower Of Mankind (2:57)
25. What About The Others (3:43)
26. Nulus Deus, Nulus Dominus, Main Theme Reprise (2:49)
27. No God, No Master (Piano Trio) (2:50)
Lossless digital downloads are made available in your choice of MP3, WAV, ALAC or FLAC. Purchased albums are delivered via email on release date and can be downloaded up to three times with no DRM restrictions.
Q: What shipping methods are offered and how much do they cost?
A: Varese Sarabande offers Media Mail, USPS First-Class, and USPS Priority Mail for orders shipped within the US. For international orders. including Canada, products will ship USPS International.
Shipping costs vary greatly and are calculated at checkout depending on weight, destination, and shipping method. To calculate your shipping cost, simply add items to your Cart, enter your shipping address, and proceed to checkout. You will then be provided with the shipping methods and costs associated with your shipping address.
Orders shipped outside of the United States may be subject to import taxes, customs duties and fees levied by the destination country. Additional charges for customs clearance must be fulfilled by the recipient; Varese Sarabande has no control over these charges, nor can we predict what they may be. Applicable customs and duty charges at the point of delivery are to be borne by the buyer.
We comply fully with the regulations imposed by US Customs & Border Protection and thus cannot declare your order as a "gift" or with a lesser value than is required.
Customs policies vary widely from country to country; you should contact your local customs office for more information. When customs clearance procedures are required, it can cause delays beyond our original delivery estimates.
Q: What are estimated shipping times?
A: Most orders are expected to ship from our facility within 2-3 business days unless an item is on backorder or pre-order. A package of multiple items will not ship until all items are available and in stock. Once your order ships, you should receive a shipping confirmation email which will include tracking information.
Shipping times vary greatly based on shipping method and location. However, estimated shipping times are as follows. Please note that these shipping times are estimates, not guarantees.
Media Mail: 2-8 Business Days*
USPS First-Class: 2-3 Business Days
USPS Priority Mail: 1-3 Business Days
USPS International Shipping: 5-30 Business Days
FedEx International Economy: 2-5 Business Days
*While most Media Mail shipments are delivered within 8 days of shipping, it may take up to 30 days to reach your destination. This is especially true for residents of Hawaii, Alaska, Puerto Rico, American Samoa, US Virgin Islands, and APO addresses.
If you have not received your order within 48 hours of the tracking information claiming that it has been delivered, please contact your local post office and provide them with the tracking number associated with your order. Most of the time, these packages are either dropped off at an unexpected location at your address, are being held at your local postal carrier office, or are with one of your close neighbors. If the post office is not able to find your items, please contact us at distro@awesomemerch.com and we would be happy to assist you further!
Q: Will I be charged sales tax?
A: We only charge sales tax to customers who reside in Texas. The sales tax rate is equivalent to the rate set by that particular state.
Q: What is your return policy?
A: Within 30 days of receipt of your order, you may return any of the following items under the stated conditions:
Any unopened media (music CD, vinyl record, DVD) will be granted a full refund of the purchase price.
Any non-media merchandise, (t-shirt, mug etc.) that is in new condition accompanied by its original packaging and accessories, will be granted a full refund of the purchase price.
Any defective merchandise of any kind can only be exchanged for an exact copy of the defective item. Cosmetic imperfections to plastic CD cases, or minor seam splits to sealed LP jackets, minor scuffs to packaging, etc., are not considered defective.
Any order with the wrong product enclosed can be exchanged for the correct product.
All items should be returned with a note which indicates your order number and the reason for the return. Please wrap the package securely. For your protection, we recommend that you use USPS with tracking, (if available). Varese will reimburse your return shipping cost only for items being returned due to our error (defective product or wrong product sent).
Please send returns to:
FAO Awesome Distro
6013 A Techni Center Drive
We will notify you via e-mail of your refund once we have received and processed the returned item. Refunds will be credited to your account within approximately 10 business days from the date the return is received. The credit may be reflected in your account on your next statement depending on the issuing bank and/or billing cycle. Please note that we can only process returns and refunds for items purchased from VareseSarabande.com.
Q: My vinyl record arrived damaged! Can I get a replacement?
A: Every record is inspected before it is packed and shipped using the highest quality materials. We stand behind every record that leaves our warehouse. We are not responsible for damages that occur while your package is in transit. Depending on the severity of the damage, we will try to accommodate replacement requests provided with photos of the damages. Please note that some of our limited edition products may no longer be in stock to be replaced. In cases where a replacement is warranted but not available, store credit will be issued in the amount of the product. Please email us at distro@awesomemerch.com
Q: What is the pre-order process and refund policy?
A: All pre-orders are charged at the time of the order. Unless otherwise indicated on the product page, any pre-order is fully refundable up until 2 business days before street date, at which point the product may have shipped. Some specialty items such as "made to order" product are not refundable. In those instances, notations will be made on the product page for complete transparency. Once a pre-ordered product has been shipped, it falls under the general 30 day return policy listed above.
Q: I'm being told the email address and/or password to my account is not recognized. What do I do?
A: Varese Sarabande launched a brand new eCommerce platform and payment processor in April 2015. As a result, we were unable to port over user account information such as credit card numbers, past purchase history, and passwords. If you haven't created a new account since April 2015, unfortunately you will need to create a new account. Only an email address and password is required. If you have created an account since April 2015, double-check you are correctly spelling your email address and/or password. Click the "forgot your password?" button to easily reset your password. For help relating to an unrecognized email address you are certain is linked to your account, please contact Awesome Distribution. at distro@awesomemerch.com or (512) 456-3445 (Monday to Friday 8:30AM CST – 5:00PM CST, closed Saturdays, Sundays and holidays).
Q: How can I get in contact with Varese Sarabande with problems, questions or suggestions?
A: To follow-up on previously placed orders or on ordering new items, please contact Awesome Distribution:
By Email: distro@awesomemerch.com (Include first and last name, address (including zip code), telephone number and order number (if available).
By Phone: (512) 456-3445 (Monday to Friday 8:30AM CST – 5:00PM CST, closed Saturdays, Sundays and holidays)
If you want to write to us, please send all correspondence to:
Varese Sarabande Records
5750 Wilshire Blvd., Suite 450
Back to Drama


text:
import { calculateDamage, PartyMechanics } from './mechanics';
import { Club, Imp, Ranger, Slingshot, Warrior } from './mechanics.mock';

// const url =
//   'https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1JK3NthX0O0-8BvJFTSMhngaioDbpa7qJiOlWI2H2RQ0/edit?usp=sharing';
// let res: GameDataResource = new GameDataResource();
// beforeAll((done) => {
//   res.fetch(url).then(() => done());
// });

describe('Game Mechanics', () => {
  describe('PartyMechanics', () => {
    describe('getAttack', () => {
      it('calculates total attack value with equipment bonuses', () => {
        const w = new Warrior();
        const halfStrength = w.strength[0] / 2;
        // With no weapons attack is half of strength
        expect(PartyMechanics.getAttack({ state: w })).toBe(halfStrength);
        // The weapon is additive
        const weapon = new Club();
        expect(PartyMechanics.getAttack({ state: w, equipment: [weapon] })).toBe(
          halfStrength + weapon.attack
        );
      });
    });
  });
  describe('calculateDamage', () => {
    it('warrior attacks an imp!', () => {
      const attacker = new Ranger();
      const weapons = [new Slingshot()];
      const imp = new Imp();
      for (let i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
        calculateDamage({
          attackerType: 'party',
          attacker,
          attackerWeapons: weapons,
          defender: imp,
          defenderType: 'enemy',
        });
      }
    });
  });
});

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


© 2018 Giancarlo Deleon. All Rights Reserved.
Consulting afforded me several micro-careers that equipped me with a vast array of experiences working with cross-functional teams in emerging technologies. I take this forward as I continue to work with teams to help people along their digital journeys.
User Experience has allowed me to work with my teammates to provide key insights that have helped everyone understand, define, craft, and evaluate our solution.


text:
» Republibot 3.0's blog
» BOOK REVIEW: "Birdie Down" by Jim Graham (2012)
BOOK REVIEW: "Birdie Down" by Jim Graham (2012)
Republibot 3.0
I liked this book.
If that doesn't sound glowing, in fact it is. It's a fawning review, actually. Let me explain. I apologize in advance for the lengthy digression, but I feel it's important to set the stage:
Here at Republibot, we're very deeply invested in amateur fiction, and there is no bigger thrill than finding some new talent and giving them exposure to our (surprisingly large) audience. Since we went online in 2008, we've run forty five original short stories, and one full-length original novel, none of which would have seen publication anywhere if we hadn't sought 'em out. It's one of our primary functions, and the one that I, personally, am most proud of.
As such, in my capacity as head writer and editor here at Republibot, a *lot* of amateur books cross my desk. I'm talking books here - not short stories - actual full-length books. I read them because I self-publish myself, and I know how important getting a bit of exposure is. A good review on a fairly visible site can be the difference between making $20 a month or so, and getting completely ignored. (My first book has sold 14 copies in its first year. I've made a whopping $10.44 on it) Likewise, a bad review can kill you, and there are just soooooo many people out there who like nothing more than to give bad reviews.
Just submitting a book you've labored over for years to some total stranger takes a lot of nerve, knowing full well they may savage it. And given my own 'you're soaking in it' understanding of the situation, I feel it's my duty to help out. "Freely hast thou received, freely shalt thou also give," you know? I'm not just a reviewer, I'm out there in the trenches myself.
The problem, though, is that most amateur authors can't write for sour apples.
I don't say that to be mean, it just is. It's Sturgeon's law: "90% of everything is crap." And in the case of amateur fiction, 90% of the good stuff is crap, too. There's no editing, there's distracting grammatical errors, there's no flow, no organization, there's frequently little or no story, the books are generally padded out, everyone seems to be laboring under the impression that they're writing the Great American Novel, and they're going to get rich off of it (Never an option, even for successful SF writers), nobody seems to recognize the difference between 'a neat idea' and 'a good story,' and honestly, has anyone ever read an amateur genre book off of Kindle or Smashwords that has a well-written action sequence in it?
(Well, actually, I have in the book I'm reviewing here, but we'll get to that in a moment)
The overwhelming majority of originally published science fiction is just awful, awful, awful. Understand, dear readers, that I'm not talking about *you* personally. Your book may be great, and I just haven't read it yet. But of the books I *have* read (A lot), they're just ponderous, onerous, frequently incoherent drek, and after four years of this, it was really starting to get me down. Not just depressed, but I mean actually, physically worn down. When I guy has a clever concept, but no plot to back it up, and spends an entire chapter discussing interior decorating, then just *ends* the book with no resolution; when you have five of these kinds of things piled up on your desk, and you know they're all be pretty much the same, it's hard not to just say 'screw it' and be done with the whole irritating thing. I have seriously thought about instituting a 'no amateur novels' policy, but I've held off because (A) I find it my duty to do this and (B) I have an irrational hope of finding a diamond in the rough. Or at least a ruby. Which, in fact, I just did. But again: we'll get to that in a moment.
Now, as an amateur author myself, I recognize the personal investment that goes into these things. It took me a quarter century to learn how to write, most of that in private, and nobody has ever seen most of my early stuff. Nor will they. Writing is a very tough secret handshake to learn, and a lack of talent in 1987 plus a passion for writing plus the lack of easy online publishing gave me the time to hone my skills a bit without embarrassing myself. I'm fully aware that many of the people who submit crappy books to me might well be great in the future, they just need to get a few million more words under their belts before the crack the code, and they sort of jumped the gun by putting their early stuff up for sale. It is soooo easy to get discouraged, so easy to just give up, so easy to get depressed. Writing - even bad writing - is deeply personal, and a lot of us have a lot of our souls tied up in the concept of becoming authors. Even if that's an unrealistic desire - which it almost always is - the thing that keeps you going while you're lonely in high school, or failing out of college, or working an anonymous carbon blob job in some cubicle farm, is the notion that you're *not* like the people around you. You, my friend, are an artist. You create.
I've been in situations in my own life where it's all I had to keep me going, and it would be wrong to take that away from people. At the same time, I can not in good conscience give a good review to a bad book.
So I grit my teeth and read all the books submitted to me, and when I get to the end, and it's terrible, I politely tell the author that we're not going to be reviewing it on the site. I don't do *bad* reviews for amateur fiction, I just don't review the bad stuff. Then said authors get mad and call me names, and go away, and bad mouth us to their friends. Hooray! What a wonderful reward for going out of my way to read their incompetent seven-hundred page screed about libertarian time traveling beekeepers on another world, and *then* protecting them from bad press. Way to encourage! Yeah. As a result of this, in all the time we've been online, of all the amateur novels I've read, we've only reviewed *TWO* books. That's all: TWO books, one of which was actually just an anthology of short stories. Two.
So, as I say: it just gets me down. I keep going in the hopes that someone will come along to convince me that there *is* some good stuff out there.
And you know what? There is!
Which brings me to the actual 'review' portion of this review: Ladies and gentlemen, I now proudly present to you the *THIRD* amateur novel we've ever reviewed for this site, and, yes, it *IS* a positive review.
"Birdie Down" is the second novel by Jim Graham, an English author living in Hong Kong.
The book is primarily an adventure yarn about a band of revolutionaries who are attempting to take down - or at lest destabilize - an evil corporation that more-or-less rules a number of colony worlds with an iron fist, squeezes them for labor and resources, and gives them no civil rights. You know, the usual. This is mostly inferred, and we don't actually see much in the way of industrial level atrocities. In fact, we mostly only have the word of the protagonists to go on, but as any student of the East India Company or the 19th century Robber Barons can tell you: It's plausible, and it makes for a good (if largely offscreen) giant for our Don Quixotes to go tilting against.
In the giddy opening section, our heroes zip about on a stolen space ship, launching lightning strikes on soft corporate targets among the colonies, and skipping away before anyone has time to react. This is complicated by their ship still having many of the crew they stole it from on board as prisoners, and a few other persons of interest as well. Complications arise, and we're introduced to the heavy of the piece, the corporate hatchet man who's tasked with anticipating their next attack and killing them. These scenes are brisk and exciting, and though we don't get a *lot* of it, the scenes of the hero ("Scat") and his arch nemesis attempting to outguess each other while random chance plays a part are genuinely engaging. There's also one fairly brutal hand-to-hand combat scene which makes clear the stakes, and gets across the limitations of what lengths some of the characters are, and are not, willing to go to. It's good stuff. Heck, after four years of the dross I've been reading, it's great stuff!
From there, the book settles down a bit. The narrative divides, and we mostly follow a character named "Birdie" around after he crashes in the jungle on an alien world. He has a cripple and an wounded friend in tow. Here we have a fairly standard-yet-interesting survival story interstitially linked with a more interesting psychological drama in which the three men never quite trust each other, but never distrust each other quite so much that going it alone seems an option. The variations of this shifting power struggle could quickly get tedious, but the author strings it out just long enough to get across the personal dynamics, and then moves on to the more actioney stuff.
Meanwhile, we're introduced to some cavalier new characters, and we see the search and rescue efforts of Scat and Birdie's other friends, while the arch nemesis character attempts to track the downed rebels. Again: these scenes could actually be pretty tedious, but Mr. Graham plays them clever. I give very high marks to an author who shows me something I haven't seen before (Not easy. I've been reading SF all my life), and a sequence in which computer records of footwear are used to narrow in on the prey had me grinning from ear to ear. It was clever, it was unique, and - best of all - it made sense.
The action sequences are good. Graham is ex-military, and it shows. His soldiers feel like soldiers, if not American ones. The characterization is, on the whole, good. Most of the characters play their cards close to the vest, so to speak, which makes them interesting. I can't stress how important that is, as these kinds of straight-ahead actioners frequently have the worst kinds of ciphers as characters.
The writing is, on the whole, easy, brisk, and engaging, and there are a few scenes - such as the brutal fight sequence I mentioned early on, or a crisp and mesmerizing death scene later in the book - that really jumped out at me as very solidly above the level of the rest. There's nothing showy or distractingly artsy, however, and when the especially good writing comes up, it's to emphasize the needs of the scene, never to just show off. The book clocks in at about 60,000 words, making it slightly longer than your average Hardy Boys detective book. Since most amateur SF novelists tend to pad a barely-short-story concept out to three or four hundred more-or-less meaningless pages, the restraint Mr. Graham shows is greatly appreciated. As a result, his narrative focus, and the impetus of the story remain clear and driving. The ending is solid, but leaves the door open for more adventures in the future.
I also enjoyed some of the odd perspectives one only gets by reading things from another culture. One of the major characters in the book is Canadian, and at one point he shows some very genuine shock and remorse when he comes across some American casualties. Though it's not spelled out, there's a nice bittersweet quality to it: these people are so very far from home, yet they came from friendly bordering countries. Given the distance, that's more than enough to make them friends, but, alas…
The worldbuilding is good, and everything feels fairly well thought out. We never get a detailed explanation of how this universe works, but the snatches we are given seem consistent, and it makes sense to the characters, without being overly expositional, and without limiting the author with too many self-imposed rules. The technology is never fully explained, but it, too, is consistent, and kinda' flashy. I particularly liked how *fast* travel between worlds was, and I liked that the space ships had to spin to simulate gravity. Nothing was particularly imponderable.
I enjoyed it. I really did. It renewed my faith in the online self-publishing concept as a whole, and better still, within fifteen pages I *knew* that it would. It gave me something no other E-book has given me thus far: I had a good feeling about it by the end of the second scene! I'm so impressed by this that I'm going to pick up his first book, and review that ASAP. That's something I've never done before.
Caveats:
As with all self-published books, there's a number of unavoidable problems. The most obvious of these are misspellings, some odd sentence structure here and there, the occasional overuse of one particular word for a scene or two, and the random results of an overzealous spellchecker (For instance, in one passage someone obviously means to say 'this does not ogre well' when obviously the author intended 'auger.') These are frankly unavoidable without a professional editor. I know, since I've had this problem myself. I had four sets of eyes go over my own first book, and a bundle of these kinds of things still slipped through. To the author's credit, there's far fewer of these than I've seen elsewhere, and only one or two of them were significant enough for me not to instinctively know what he meant. This puts his average way higher than mine.
Since this book is a sequel to a book that I haven't read, parts of the opening section seemed a little disjointed. There was nothing in this that detracted from the story as a whole, but it felt a little bit like I was coming in on part two of a cliffhanger. This may not actually be the case, the author may simply have wanted to start out in an action sequence with everything going all higgledy-piggeldy, and leave it to us to piece it together as we go along. Certainly, that's the way it ultimately played out for me, and it definitely contributes to the engaging off-kilter energy of the first bit. Still and all, I felt I was missing something there, and it didn't feel like the kind of thing that more exposition could have fixed without ruining that part of the story. So: I felt a little lost, but the story as a whole washed over me and more than made up for it.
Finally - and again this is not a criticism - I don't want to give the impression that this is the best book I've ever read, or that it's high art, or anything. It's not. It is charmingly and refreshingly free of all pretension. It's a straight-ahead Science Fiction Adventure Novel very much in the 1950s-1970s pulp mold, which is honestly a pretty good and rare thing these days. It is by no means the best thing I've ever read, and it is patently unfair to use the same standards for judging amateur work one uses for judging professional stuff. Even so, had this come out back in the day, I could easily see this as having been one half of an old Ace double. The old Ace books may have been the burger-and-fries of the SF world, but honestly who doesn't like those now and again? Particularly when the only alternative I've had available for four years is stale bread and papier-mâché fruit. We're not talking anything here that will change your life, but I can honestly say this book is head and shoulders above anything else I've read by an amateur.
I tell you this three times, I tell you this three times, I tell you this three times: this is the best amateur SF novel I've read, this is the best amateur SF novel I've read, this is the best amateur SF novel I've read.
Go get a copy now.
You can download a copy free for a limited time at Smashwords here
WILL CONSERVATIVES LIKE THIS BOOK?
Yeah, I think so. No reason not to. This is a novel written by an ex-military Englishman presently living in China, so the American concept of "Left" and "Right" doesn't really apply. The book is a struggle between freedom and slavery, and the good guys are on the side of freedom. What could be more conservative than that?
The Scatverse
Amateur Books


text:
Leioproctus metallicus är en biart som först beskrevs av Smith 1853.  Leioproctus metallicus ingår i släktet Leioproctus och familjen korttungebin. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Externa länkar

Korttungebin
metallicus


text:
Sparvugglor (Glaucidium) är ett stort släkte med fåglar i familjen ugglor inom ordningen ugglefåglar.

Släktet återfinns på alla kontinenter utom Australien och Antarktis. Antalet nu levande arter i släktet är mellan 26 och 31 beroende på auktoritet. Nedanstående lista baseras på IOC:s artindelning:
 Sparvuggla (G. passerinum)
 Pärlsparvuggla (G. perlatum)
 Trollsparvuggla (G. californicum) – behandlas ofta som underart till gnoma
 Mexikansk sparvuggla (G. gnoma)
 Californiasparvuggla (G. [g.] hoskinsii) – behandlas ofta som underart till gnoma
 Guatemalasparvuggla (G. [g.] cobanense) – behandlas ofta som underart till gnoma
 Costaricasparvuggla (G. costaricanum)
 Andinsk sparvuggla (G. jardinii)
 Molnskogssparvuggla (G. nubicola)
 Yungassparvuggla (G. bolivianum)
 Colimasparvuggla (G. palmarum)
 Tamaulipassparvuggla (G. sanchezi)
 Pernambucosparvuggla (G. mooreorum)
 Centralamerikansk sparvuggla (G. griseiceps)
 Subtropisk sparvuggla (G. parkeri)
 Amazonsparvuggla (G. hardyi)
 Dvärgsparvuggla (G. minutissimum)
 Rostsparvuggla (G. brasilianum)
 Perusparvuggla (G. peruanum)
 Magellansparvuggla (G. nana)
 Kubasparvuggla (G. siju)
 Rödbröstad sparvuggla (G. tephronotum)
 Sjöstedtsparvuggla (G. sjostedti)
 Göksparvuggla (G. cuculoides)
 Javasparvuggla (G. castanopterum)
 Indisk sparvuggla (G. radiatum)
 Ceylonsparvuggla (G. castanotum)
 Akaciasparvuggla (G. capense)
 "Kastanjesparvuggla" (G. [c.] castaneum) – urskiljs som egen art av BirdLife International, officiellt svenskt trivialnamn saknas
 Albertinesparvuggla (G. albertinum)

Referenser

Externa länkar

Ugglor


A head-on crash Tuesday killed a man at the intersection of Highway 162 and Kelly Ridge Road in East Oroville. His name has not been released. The accident occurred at approximately 3:45 p.m. A male driving a Volkswagen Beetle westbound near Lakeside Market and Gas was hit by a woman in a Jeep Cherokee making a left turn. The two cars hit head-on, killing the man in the Volkswagen. The woman suffered minor injuries. There was a small child strapped in a car seat in her jeep who was uninjured. The woman claimed she turned under a protected green light but witnesses recall her turning on a red light. Investigators are at work determining if drugs and alcohol were an issue in the accident. No arrests were immediately made.


This is a driver for `Adafruit 0.56" 4-Digit 7-Segment Display w/I2C Backpack`_ or compatible devices which uses the Holtek HT16K33 chip.
At this time the driver only supports using the i2c_soft — Software I2C driver to communicate with the HT16K33, not the i2c — I2C driver.
Default I2C address for HT16K33.
Initialize driver object. The driver object will be used for a single display.
i2c_addr: The address of the HT16K33 controller. Probably LED_7SEG_HT16K33_DEFAULT_I2C_ADDR.
Send content of display buffer to the display.
Clear content of display buffer.
brightness: Brightness from LED_7SEG_HT16K33_BRIGHTNESS_MIN to LED_7SEG_HT16K33_BRIGHTNESS_MAX.
Set a number in the display buffer.
Number cannot be more than 4 digits AKA base^4 - 1.
Set show/hide of colon in the display buffer.
show_colon: If true light colon, otherwise turn off.
Set show/hide of dot in the display buffer.
position: The position to light colon or not. Range: 0 to 3.
show_dot: If true light dot, otherwise turn off.


fantastic plastic patio chairs white white plastic patio chairs.
formidable plastic patio chairs white cleaning white plastic patio furniture.
remarkable plastic patio chairs white white plastic patio chairs walmart.
fantastic plastic patio chairs white white resin wicker patio furniture canada.
awful plastic patio chairs white white resin wicker patio chairs.
literarywondrous plastic patio chairs white white plastic folding patio chairs.
exceptional plastic patio chairs white white resin wicker patio furniture canada.
archaicawful plastic patio chairs white white resin wicker patio chairs.
archaicawful plastic patio chairs white high back white plastic resin patio chair.
unforgettable plastic patio chairs white white plastic patio chairs walmart.
marvelous plastic patio chairs white white resin wicker patio chairs.
staggering plastic patio chairs white white plastic patio chairs.
stupendous plastic patio chairs white white resin wicker patio furniture canada.
sensational plastic patio chairs white white resin wicker patio chairs.
unforgettable plastic patio chairs white cleaning white plastic patio furniture.
impressive plastic patio chairs white cleaning white plastic patio furniture.
literarywondrous plastic patio chairs white can you paint white plastic patio chairs.
outstanding plastic patio chairs white white plastic folding patio chairs.
incredible plastic patio chairs white white plastic wicker patio chairs.
stupendous plastic patio chairs white adams white plastic patio chairs.
fascinating plastic patio chairs white white resin wicker patio furniture canada.
unbelievable plastic patio chairs white white plastic folding patio chairs.
literarywondrous plastic patio chairs white high back white plastic patio chairs.
outstanding plastic patio chairs white cleaning white plastic patio chairs.
literarywondrous plastic patio chairs white cleaning white plastic patio furniture.
awesome plastic patio chairs white white resin wicker patio chairs.


Gravesend town centre was brought to a standstill on Friday evening as hundreds of school children, teachers, parents and members of the public were involved in the Festival of Light parade, organised by Cohesion Plus. Under the Christmas lights were loads of street entertainment, with performers on stilts, Bhangra drummers and of course Bloco Fogo.
Check out the amazing video from the night.
Wow what a night, what an experience!
Resplendent and scary in our now traditional skull face paint we were back again supporting Lewes Borough Bonfire Society for their annual celebrations on the 5th November. In the midst of the procession surrounded by torches, flaming barrels, Chinese fire crackers, bangers and some amazing costumes, we got the rhythm going in a fast paced march through the town in front of thousands of spectators. Then, with barely time to catch our breath, came the parade to the bonfire site and the incredible firework display.
What shall we do with him? Burn Him.
Celebrating the 10th anniversary of the Dartford Festival of light with a huge parade of lanterns made by local school children through the town. Organised by Cohesion Plus, we were joined by SameSky and the Stilt Batteristas along the route with everything culminating in a fireworks finale!


The Federal Government has asked the Code of Conduct Tribunal (CCT) to issue a warrant of arrest against the suspended Chief Justice of Nigeria (CJN), Walter Onnoghen.
At the resumed hearing today, prosecution counsel, Aliyu Umar (SAN) said the defendant is not in court.
Under the circumstances, it is my sad duty to address the tribunal on S6(1) of the Practice Direction of the tribunal.