Have you ever seen how so many automobile house owners spend all of their time ensuring that the exterior of the automotive is finely detailed and free of any filth or particles, however tend to ignore the finer points of inside detailing? The odd factor about this tendency is that every one of us spend far more time on the within of the automotive than standing around the outside admiring its spit-polish end! Rolls-Royce Restricted was a famend British car manufacturing firm and later, aero-engine manufacturing firm founded by Charles Stewart Rolls and Sir Frederick Henry Royce on 15 March 1906 as the results of a partnership formed in 1904. That isn't a BLS website. It claims to be a source, however there's an issue with that. As a family-owned company, we all know how hard you're employed on your money. We will by no means try to promote you something your vehicle does not want or overcharge you for any of our mobile auto detailing companies. We pleasure ourselves on our honesty and reliability and promise to at all times provide our customers with 100% satisfaction when the job is finished.
After your second 12 months you've got the choice to spend time in business or examine abroad for a yr. This is a chance to boost your CV. The new fashions are magnificently engineered but way more complicated and troublesome to work on. I am unable to help myself. I would like wheel stability to be excellent. That is where the sit on balancer is available in. IBM's Modal-Shift Transportation Planner analyzes timetables of assorted transport companies, akin to ship, air, train and truck, taking supply date of goods into consideration, to decide on the most effective shipping technique for lowering prices and CO2 emissions.
Moreno's love affair with luxurious is grounded in his confidence that he can foster lengthy-time period relationships with luxurious-brand customers who worth the vehicles and customer experience greater than the deal. That relieves Moreno from the frantic pursuit of manufacturing facility incentive targets typically associated with many nonluxury manufacturers, he said. The only reviews of wage stagnation or lower that I have seen have been primarily based on evaluating the median hourly wage for People from yr to 12 months. That methodology is extremely flawed. It does not count anybody who moves up the ladder right into a salaried position, and it additionally would not consider how America has grow to be an increasing number of a consuming nation. This has led to increasingly low-degree hourly jobs(fast meals, retail, and many others).
Upon getting the fundamentals you might want to find customers, network with all potential groups in your native space. Chambers of commerce, Universities, Technical Faculties, particular networking groups! There are a number of networking groups which are companies in their own right, they cost you a membership charge and assist put you in contact with different companies who additionally be part of seeking to promote their services and merchandise. Work to make many contacts, communicate at events about your topic, do something to put you ready to talk with potential purchasers. This is not a 9 to 5 job, most of your networking will be breakfast meetings and night events!
Simply the considered this makes me consider different situations. Tanks and Humvees in battle. Bye bye drivers in Nascar and Components Ones. At the moment's media and technologies have taken the media revolutions to the neurons of the world mind, and this has helped this modern media juggernaut to dominate and to blur our perceptions. On the similar time we expertise a programmed world and unfolding world in a totally sensory manner. Additionally, this new media has the capability and capability to affect and effect the greatest cultural and social changes in our midst; briefly, the media can foster and is fomenting a revolution and is revolutionizing both expertise society into a cacophony of media savvy users, analysts and public participants. In lots of other ways, the media is a world-vast culture-extensive dance.
This accredited diploma combines a firm grounding within the ideas of automotive engineering with experience of chopping-edge technology. Led by WMG (Warwick Manufacturing Group) and developed in collaboration with industry leaders together with Jaguar Land Rover, BMW and Ricardo, the course highlights analysis breakthroughs such as the WorldFirst Formula three pleasant automobile, hybrid automobiles and 'lightweighting'.
Calculate revenue and loss, money flows and balance sheets; and explain the need for and use of budgets. The new Land Cruiser additional advantages from an Adaptive Variable Suspension (AVS) system which permits the motive force to wonderful tune the car's journey characteristics with a alternative of 'Normal', 'Comfort' and 'Sport' settings. Engineered for excellence — Bosch skilled power tools meet the best standards in pace, precision, and robustness for constant, professional work results. Bosch has an extended historical past of constructing high-high quality equipment for a wide range of purposes. So regardless of the job, tradespeople can depend on Bosch original accessories.
Taking care or your car's look doesn't qualify as vanity; instead, it is sensible vehicle possession. You can rent knowledgeable auto detailer to care to your automotive for between $one hundred and $500 – or you possibly can swipe their secrets and techniques, do it your self and save some dough. If you are going to hire a detailer, ask a whole lot of questions, ask for references and to see pattern work, and agree to a worth in writing before the detailing work begins. Mazda Motor Corporation – SWOT Analysis firm profile is the essential source for prime-level firm information and data. Mazda Motor Company – SWOT Analysis examines the corporate's key enterprise structure and operations, history and products, and supplies summary evaluation of its key revenue traces and technique. Eastman – Main accumulator producer presents auto battery, inverter, lead acid lead acid battery.
Sketching abilities are one of the most necessary part of the skilled training of the car designer. The course requires a strong day by day commitment for individual follow. The scholar must hand in weekly assignments associated to the primary venture work or workouts given by the tutor. At the finish of the yr, every pupil must gather all his/her works in a sketch ebook that shall be a part of the ultimate examination.
Lovely vehicles, but not one american sport, muscle or cruise automotive. Many European sports vehicles are beautiful, but they don't seem to be the ONLY cars out there. How about together with at least one traditional Vette, T-Hen, GTO or Camero. I nonetheless own a 1984 Honda mini automobile to get around in the internal metropolis as I still can't purchase something pretty much as good because it.
Toyoda Wins 2017 Automotive Information PACE Award!
Get up to date on the latest information articles about automobiles and the auto industry with the most superior news app obtainable on the app retailer. Never earlier than has the auto trade news been coated by so many news sources in a single easy to make use of interface! Employment of automotive service technicians and mechanics is projected to grow 9 percent from 2012 to 2022, about as fast as the typical for all occupations. Apply wax each 6-12 months for lasting paint; your paint can final ceaselessly in case you are in keeping with maintenance. A postgraduate qualification could also be mandatory for some posts. A listing of accredited programs is accessible on the Engineering Council's web site and you can learn our article on engineering postgraduate choices to discover your choices.
Well when you take the whole population of working individuals in a state or the country and figure out what they pay in taxes per working particular person then then yes they pay a couple per cent. Though Obama thinks that when people who get hired work for the general public worker then you truly created a job. but what happened is it now value tax payers extra. Once more what number of time's have you drove down the high method and saw local government employee's leaning on shovels.
Considering the impression of worldwide economic downturn, our team of experts has accomplished thorough analysis of the hybrid automotive market worldwide. We now have found that on global stage, the US dominates the hybrid gross sales, followed by Japan and Europe, whereas Toyota and Honda lead the bandwagon of world carmakers. Presently, only few players are dominating the global hybrid automobile business, but quite a few massive players are queuing up to enter the market. The Orion plant deal was struck to assist GM make a revenue on small-automobile production, and was key to its resolution to add the Verano to the Buick lineup. GM plans to recall 1,550 salaried and hourly staff to the Orion plant, which was closed for retooling in November. Advanced tire-simulation modeling permits tire development to keep pace with accelerated car-growth cycles.
College students selecting the specialization in Automotive Engineering profit from the fact that the automotive trade is Germany's largest industry sector with a turnover of approximately 263 billion Euros, covering 20% of the overall turnover of Germany's industry. Five million people are employed by the automotive industry and their suppliers. Ten out of the 100 largest automotive suppliers have either their headquarters or one among their subsidiaries in close by Karlsruhe.
This assertion by the late physicist Richard Feynman forty two years in the past began a revolution that has taken the industrial world by storm. Nanotechnology has given flight to visions each probable and hyped. I got a name from Hearth stone International Consultancy(Mumbai, India) for consumer interview with ALFANAR (Saudi Arabia). I am having an expertise of four years and 8 months within the field of Planning for Electrical Actions in Energy Plants.
This guide is for students in all sections of Penn State Harrisburg's EDSGN one hundred and EDSGN 100S. It contains databases, research suggestions, and different assets for various assignments. Exports, in the meantime, contracted by 19% in January-April, to 106,827 units. Exports are highly depending on the Brazilian market, which accounts for greater than 80% of complete exports. This dependence has been cemented by agreements beneath the framework of the Mercado Común del Sur (Mercosur, the Southern Cone customs union), which has led to an more and more integrated production and sales network. In this context, synchronous economic downturns have exacerbated weaknesses within the automotive industries in both nations. Talks are currently beneath way between the two nations to attempt to agree a brand new trade technique, following the expiry final year of the automotive complementarity settlement governing tariffs between the 2 international locations, and, more broadly, to help promote restoration within the industry through a joint external-promotion strategy.
The general practice of automobile detailing is undertaken to make sure that the car is saved in pretty much as good situation as attainable during possession. Once a full detail has been undertaken, mini details or maintenance cleans will be carried out on a regular basis which will not be as concerned as a full detail yet will assist to give all elements of the car that 'just detailed' look.
The snow overlaying the 2016 Volkswagen Passat parked in front the Vermont hotel was a fitting reminder of the winter of VW's discontent. Prime of the road detailing equipment – In addition to a wide variety of cleaning pads, brushes, and chemical applicators, we be sure that your car turns into as clean as possible via using industrial detailing equipment. When shampooing your carpets and upholstery, we make use of the usage of a scorching water extractor with a three-phase vacuum. Not only will we loosen the grime and oil from your carpets, it is all eliminated through the extraction course of. So far as the painted surfaces of the car, we use a dual-head orbital polisher to take away oxidation and swirls from your clear-coat floor. Most detailing shops use a excessive-speed rotary buffer on the vehicle's exterior. When improperly used, this software may cause vital harm to the paint surfaces of your automobile.
In effect, most of the facets historically associated with the state's political rule — authoritative allocation of roles and regulation of habits, for instance — are being quietly transferred to the non-public sector. To look first at surveillance for competitiveness: fewer workers in more automated work environments are also more carefully watched staff. 'Good-playing cards' allow managed entry to work locations and in addition allow supervisors to keep electronic monitor of where employees are at all times. Electronically encoded identification of instruments and components not solely allow higher inventory management but also block employee pilfering.


text:
Online learning journals
"..the journals enabled me to consolidate what I've read – actually try to synthesize the articles and apply them to the other reading"
Like other pages in this area of the website, this page seeks to complement the wealth of scholarly and teaching resources available to the teacher. Programme and module leaders will make their own choices about texts, anthologies and student support reading. The object of this page (and the growing body of resources to which it links) is to 'think the subject pedagogically'. As teachers we are naturally attentive to what needs to be known. We also need to attend to how the subject is known and where learners have got to.
While many students come to experience the existence of these alternative paradigms as a revelation, it seems that for many others, 'theory' remains a grim obligation inviting the minimum of compliant gestures.
In the case of 'theory' this means starting from the fact that a lot of the material is conceptually very difficult, and that it draws on traditions of thought and analysis to which only very exceptional students will have had previous access. Both colleagues' observations and student surveys indicate that 'theory' and theoretical ways of thinking lie at the heart of students' sense of the paradigm shift undergone on moving from school to university. While many students come to experience the existence of these alternative paradigms as a revelation, it seems that for many others, 'theory' remains a grim obligation inviting the minimum of compliant gestures.
In many ways it seems that the exciting vertigo experienced by many in the early theory generations has been replaced by conformity to what is experienced as a form of oppressive orthodoxy. Any pedagogy of theory has to start from acknowledging that this material is not only difficult but often 'counter-intuitive' and unsettling. It has also often provided the grounds for competitive one-upmanship among students themselves. Our object here is not 'theory made safe', but learning made attractive.
Students in Theory
The suggestions that follow derive from a belief that as teachers we need to help establish pre-conditions for thinking theoretically. To achieve such pre-conditions we must build on students' aptitudes and their existing critical repertoires. (Students frequently have very sophisticated ideas about culture and media. But do we always make use of these when it comes to the curriculum?) This requires us to set up preliminary and enhancement work which awakens questions and opens up alternative perspectives.
In aiming to problematise taken-for-granted or tacit assumptions about representation, or the constructed nature of identity, about authorial intention, about how culture and history might be enacted within a text, about knowledge as being more than information, teachers need at least to consider staged preliminary activity – work which moves through a spiral of increasing sophistication. In doing so they should seek to avoid instigating competitive superiority. There's always a danger of creating those in-groups of the sophisticated which are all too common in the theory class. We are not here advocating what some colleagues would refer to as 'spoon feeding'. But we are suggesting that respect for subject matter goes hand in hand with respect for students.
How Do Students Understand Theory?
Coming away from a visit to a prestigious university, I'm in the midst of a weekend exodus. The student opposite me on the crowded train is flipping through her highlighted copy of a well-known theory reader. There's a certain amount of brittle self-dramatisation about this in front of an audience of other students. 'Gothic, gothic, gothic' she declaims. 'Be something about Gothic, be something about Gothic …. No, there isn't anything. Damn.'
Room for a little amateur ethnography? Student resistance may take the form of compliance, silence, and overt boredom as well as the pursuit counter arguments ….
… this is not spoon feeding
Questioning your own assumptions is a desirable outcome of university education, but teachers are too apt to overlook the insecurity experienced along the way.
At least in the early stages of a theory module, the majority of students are likely to require help if they are to become self-aware as readers and users of language. As teachers we hope that they will in the end become partners rather than dependents in this process. But it is not unreasonable for them to expect that you and your colleagues will provide an environment at once stimulating and supportive in which to develop and practise their new-found capacities. The propensity to question your own assumptions is a desirable outcome of university education, but teachers are too apt to overlook the insecurity experienced along the way. 'Theory' is likely to be experienced as counter-intuitive and disturbing; as a genre, it unsettles views of the world which may well need to be unsettled. But we need to make pedagogic allowances, and not just look down on students from the vantage point of our own intellectual superiority.
Other Lit & Crit theory content
Lit & Crit theory case studies
Lit & Crit theory publications

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Ethan Miller/Getty ImagesPhiladelphia 76ers rookie Zaire Smith playing in NBA Summer League.
Zhaire Smith, a Philadelphia 76ers rookie, suffered a Jones fracture in his foot while playing at a summer camp.
Smith could join Joel Embiid, Ben Simmons, and Markelle Fultz in missing significant chunks, if not all, of his rookie year due to injury.
While Smith's recovery timetable is uncertain, Embiid and Simmons have had successful returns to the court, while Fultz is more of a question mark heading into the season.
Philadelphia 76ers rookie Zhaire Smith will have to have surgery after fracturing his left foot, according to a report from Shams Charania at Yahoo.
Charania's report does not specify a timetable for Smith's recovery, but current 76ers point guard and 2016 first overall draft pick Ben Simmons missed his entire rookie season with a similar injury.
Smith's injury is just the latest in a trend for the 76ers. Simmons, as already mentioned, missed his entire rookie year, while last season's No. 1 overall pick Markelle Fultz missed all but 14 games of his rookie season with an unspecified shoulder injury that changed his shooting motion.
Meanwhile, big man Joel Embiid, whom the 76ers took with the third overall pick in 2014, missed two whole seasons due to injury. Embiid didn't play his first NBA game until 2016, two years after he was drafted.
Former 76ers first-round draft pick Nerlens Noel also missed his entire rookie year due to injury in 2013-14, although the franchise already knew that he would miss a significant amount of playing time before they drafted him.
Yet despite the injury woes, both Embiid and Simmons were healthy last season, and led the team to a postseason appearance while establishing Philadelphia as a franchise with potentially the most exciting future in the league.


Looking for Root Canal Therapy in Blue Springs? For an appointment at Adams Dairy Family Dental Care call our office today at 816-229-4527 or make an appointment today.
If you are experiencing any of the symptoms of a root canal problem, please call Adams Dairy Family Dental Care at 816-229-4527 to schedule a consultation.


text:
Q: NativeScript angular App Xcode build Error I am trying to build my app in Xcode and I keep getting the following error:
ld: framework not found FLAnimatedImage

In my app, I am using a gif plugin for this error I got solution put this line of code EMBEDDED_CONTENT_CONTAINS_SWIFT = YES
In the build file but still giving the same error how can I solve the above error or any alternative solution. Environment- Xcode 10.3 , NativeScript 6 , angular 8

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The Wall Street Journal iPad edition will cost $17.99 a month, says the Wall Street Journal.
That's about twice as much as a subscription to the regular online WSJ.
We believe some folks will pony up for the special iPad version, but we expect the number will be lower than the Wall Street Journal and other publishers think.
Why pay more, when you're already getting everything for less? The iPad already has a browser that will let you blow up the regular online version as big as you want.


text:
Q: Validating user input in a QTableView I have a QTableView and I want to validate user input.
If user insert an invalid value in a cell of the QTableView, I want to highlight that cell and disable a QPushButton.
How can I achieve this? Can I use QValidator?

A: I worked through the PyQt/PySide implementation of Kosovan's answer.  I am including the python code here for those who are not working in C++:
from PySide2 import QtWidgets, QtCore, QtGui

class ItemDelegate(QtWidgets.QItemDelegate):
    def __init__(self, parent):
        super().__init__(parent)

    def createEditor(self, parent, option, index):
        editor = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(parent)
        editor.setValidator(QtGui.QIntValidator())
        return editor

    def setEditorData(self, editor, index):
        value = str(index.model()._data[index.row()][index.column()])
        editor.setText(value)

    def setModelData(self, editor, model, index):
        model.setData(index, editor.text(), QtCore.Qt.EditRole)

    def updateEditorGeometry(self, editor, option, index):
        editor.setGeometry(option.rect)

class TableModel(QtCore.QAbstractTableModel):
    def __init__(self, data):
        super().__init__()
        self._data = data

    def data(self, index, role):
        if role == QtCore.Qt.DisplayRole:
            return str(self._data[index.row()][index.column()])

    def rowCount(self, index):
        return len(self._data)

    def columnCount(self, index):
        return len(self._data[0])

    def setData(self, index, value, role):
        if role == QtCore.Qt.EditRole:
            try:
                value = int(value)
            except ValueError:
                return False
            self._data[index.row()][index.column()] = value
            return True
        return False

    def flags(self, index):
        return QtCore.Qt.ItemIsEnabled | QtCore.Qt.ItemIsSelectable | QtCore.Qt.ItemIsEditable

class MainWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()

        data = [
            [1, 2],
            [3, 4],
            [5, 6],
        ]

        self.model = TableModel(data)

        self.table = QtWidgets.QTableView()
        self.table.setModel(self.model)
        self.table.setItemDelegate(ItemDelegate(self))

        self.setCentralWidget(self.table)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QtWidgets.QApplication()
    win = MainWindow()
    win.show()
    app.exec_()

A: Yes, you can do this, use custom QItemDelegate for this purpose (I used QIntValidator just as example).
Header:
#ifndef ITEMDELEGATE_H
#define ITEMDELEGATE_H

#include <QItemDelegate>

class ItemDelegate : public QItemDelegate
{
    Q_OBJECT
public:
    explicit ItemDelegate(QObject *parent = 0);

protected:
    QWidget* createEditor(QWidget *parent, const QStyleOptionViewItem &option, const QModelIndex &index) const;
    void setEditorData(QWidget * editor, const QModelIndex & index) const;
    void setModelData(QWidget * editor, QAbstractItemModel * model, const QModelIndex & index) const;
    void updateEditorGeometry(QWidget * editor, const QStyleOptionViewItem & option, const QModelIndex & index) const;

signals:

public slots:

};

#endif // ITEMDELEGATE_H

Cpp
#include "itemdelegate.h"
#include <QLineEdit>
#include <QIntValidator>

ItemDelegate::ItemDelegate(QObject *parent) :
    QItemDelegate(parent)
{
}

QWidget *ItemDelegate::createEditor(QWidget *parent,
                                    const QStyleOptionViewItem &option,
                                    const QModelIndex &index) const
{
    QLineEdit *editor = new QLineEdit(parent);
    editor->setValidator(new QIntValidator);
    return editor;
}

void ItemDelegate::setEditorData(QWidget *editor,
                                 const QModelIndex &index) const
{
    QString value =index.model()->data(index, Qt::EditRole).toString();
        QLineEdit *line = static_cast<QLineEdit*>(editor);
        line->setText(value);
}

void ItemDelegate::setModelData(QWidget *editor,
                                QAbstractItemModel *model,
                                const QModelIndex &index) const
{
    QLineEdit *line = static_cast<QLineEdit*>(editor);
    QString value = line->text();
    model->setData(index, value);
}

void ItemDelegate::updateEditorGeometry(QWidget *editor,
                                        const QStyleOptionViewItem &option,
                                        const QModelIndex &index) const
{
    editor->setGeometry(option.rect);
}

Usage:
#include "itemdelegate.h"
//...
ItemDelegate *itDelegate = new  ItemDelegate;
ui->tableView->setItemDelegate(itDelegate);

In this case user will not be able input wrong data, but you can use next:
void ItemDelegate::setModelData(QWidget *editor,
                                QAbstractItemModel *model,
                                const QModelIndex &index) const
{
    QLineEdit *line = static_cast<QLineEdit*>(editor);

    QIntValidator validator;
    int pos = 0;
    QString data = line->text();
    if(validator.validate(data,pos) != QValidator::Acceptable)
    {
        qDebug() << "not valid";//do something
    }
    else
    {
        model->setData(index, data);
    }
}

But in this case don't forget remove editor->setValidator(new QIntValidator); line from your code


Another look at the street from Saturday's picture, this time from outside so no window reflections. Valparaiso is a major Pacific port, and many of the buildings in the hills are repurposed shipping containers. The shipping containers became houses and shops, the old houses became hotels and cafes and galleries, and everything is crayon bright in the summer sun.


text:
group of people who participate in a show or encounter a work of art
Audiences at the 2013 World Championships in Athletics in Moscow, Russia.
An audience is a group of people who participate in a show or encounter a work of art, literature (in which they are called "readers"), theatre, music (in which they are called "listeners"), video games (in which they are called "players"), or academics in any medium.
Always leave them wanting more.
Show business aphorism, commonly attributed to P.T. Barnum without citation; such as in "Pardon My French: How a Grumpy American Fell in Love with France" by Allen Johnson
Furtwangler was once told in Berlin that the people in the back seats were complaining that they could not hear some of his soft passages. "It does not matter," he said, "they do not pay so much."
Neville Cardus, in The Manchester Guardian (1935).
I know two kinds of audience only one coughing and one not coughing.
Artur Schnabel, in My Life and Music (1961).
A man really writes for an audience of about ten persons. Of course if others like it, that is clear gain. But if those ten are satisfied, he is content. A certain amount of encouragement is necessary.
Alfred North Whitehead in: Lucien Price (1954). Dialogues of Alfred North Whitehead p. 66
Retrieved from "https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Audience&oldid=2717420"


and at lunchtime, I walked to the nearby grocery store for a sandwich.
and next to it was a funnel of plastic-wrapped rose bunches, all looking a 'little' weary.
the ones with a few drooping flower heads and some browning outer petals?
and took them back to the store (along with my chicken salad on sourdough, and sweet tea).
and then I'd toss them out the next week. Cheap props, just the way I like 'em!!!
so I didn't throw them out.
I wrapped each bunch up in our store's tan tissue paper, and took them home.
without losing petals or bending or looking forlorn.
That's when I decided to keep them indefinitely - and decorate with them!
I tucked the tissue-wrapped bundles of roses into a burlap market bag on the dresser in my office.
and the soft lingering rose scent is a welcome addition to this area near my desk.
I may never throw these out.
and adding them to a bowl of potpourri or layer the inside of a nest with them.
Hydrangeas are one of the easiest flowers to let dry 'en scene', as are roses.
Gardenias and Narcissus / Daffodils also dry well.
In August of 2013, my best friend of 37 years passed away.
inspired by her fiery red hair and spirit.
the perfectly dried petals nest in a special teacup here in my office.
Those rose petals mean the world to me, because they are a connection to her.
Long ago, I found a bunch of vintage fabric roses at a thrift store - for a song.
I cleaned them, then wrapped them up in a bit of vintage sheet music.
and the simplicity of the display was timeless.
I'm getting a lot of lasting enjoyment out of two simple and cheap bouquets.
It's about the value you coax out of the elements.
choose flowers that will dry well, and enjoy them from fresh to faded.
PS: That lampshade in the photo up above?
I'll share its secret in my next post !


It's not often you get to testify to one of your most admired leaders, and to do so side by side with another amazing community leader you've respected and appreciated from afar, but today I get to do both of these things and I'm pretty much in awe of how much of a privilege this is. It's harder and harder to leave my girls at home and travel but for someone deep in the work of making cities better and more equitable at a local level, there are few chances to possibly influence change at a national level. And so I'm in Cincinnati where it's below freezing, away from sunny California where yesterday I was drinking a good beer on the balcony with my wife complaining it was too warm. In January.
Today I'm testifying to the President's Task Force on 21st Century Policing, which includes Bryan Stevenson of the Equal Justice Initiative, a man who bought me to tears last time I heard him speak. I don't go in for hero worship, but Bryan would be on the short list.
I'm speaking today on behalf of Urban Strategies Council, a 28 year old social justice organization in Oakland, California where I have had the privilege of being the director of research and technology for almost eight and a half years. I am also here on behalf of OpenOakland, a civic innovation organization that I co-founded with Eddie Tejeda.
My work with the council has provided me with an opportunity to see how a lack of transparency in local government affects data-driven decision making. government technology, and community engagement. I've had the chance to work with many local agencies and community based organizations to help them unearth their valuable data, to analyse it and put it in context and then to help communicate the story and results of those data.
Traditionally the role of government has been perceived as a collector of data for compliance and reporting purposes, yet this is no longer sufficient in our view of 21st Century government. Government now needs to be pro-active across all agencies, especially those traditionally very closed and inaccessible. For many years we have been unearthing public data for research purposes and publishing these data openly for all to access- from data on local probationer populations, to crime reports and foreclosure filings. When we obtained both open and private data and published a report on the investor acquisitions of foreclosed homes, our work led to the creation of new laws to protect tenants and monitor housing purchases. When public data is put in the hands of communities, powerful things can happen.
We led an effort to crowd source the legislation to make open data the law in Oakland and now we have local agencies actively making data available to the public free of charge or restriction. This has led to breakthrough innovations such as OpenBudgetOakland.org which when shown to our city council led to disbelief- never before had decision makers seen their own budget in such clear context and the impact was powerful. Residents of our city were able to understand a complicated 16,000 line budget for the very first time- something made possible by opening data and by engaging the community in a respectful collaboration. Hackers, city staff and advocates working together.
Another local example of what happens when government opens up valuable data and collaborates includes our earthquake safety app (http:/softstory.openoakland.org) that helps inform low income renters if they are living in a building susceptible to collapse in the next big quake. This app was built by the community as open source and is now being deployed in a nearby city.
You'll notice I've not talked about great policing collaboration examples. For good reason. Despite generating a near real time flow of crime reports, our local police departments and sheriffs have not been eager to jump into the world of open data, yet. Given the lack of trust in the Oakland Police Department, the need for real community policing and a dearth of accessible information about policing practices and incidents, Oakland is like most other US law enforcement agencies in its need to embrace open data, to develop respectful collaborations and engagement that leads to innovation.
Given the way communities of color are impacted by crime and violence, and the number of officer- involved shootings and assaults on officers, there is a very real and urgent opportunity for data to be leveraged for their benefit. Right now there are activist groups building databases of all officer- involved incidents and homicides;, these are duplicated efforts costing hundreds of hours of community time from projects such as Oakland's Shine in Peace to http://killedbypolice.net/ and http://www.fatalencounters.org/. These projects should be taken as a leading indicator of a huge and growing demand for better transparency in our law enforcement agencies – citizens are clamouring for data to inform decision making, policy reform and civic action. When communities across the country need to collect news reports of officer- involved shootings and homicides, we're missing something. When stop and frisk data are hidden from public view and not available for community research and analysis, we're missing something. When arrest information only sees sunlight in the form of aggregate yearly reports, we're missing something. That something will be realized when local law enforcement adopts a policy of open by default and begins publishing (with some obvious legal limitations) record level data of all crime reports, arrests, uses of force and weapon discharges along with stop and frisk incident data.
As individuals we do not trust that which we cannot see. Publishing data alone will not lead to better insights and operations, it is not a silver bullet to restoring community trust in police departments. However, in publishing these data on an ongoing basis, we make possible new, productive collaborations, new opportunities to engage with somewhat objective truths to work from and we allow for innovations that we could not predict. My recommendation to this task force: make open by default the new norm for our police forces, support the open publishing of these data, encourage standard data formats and support these agencies taking a leading role to learn together and to work towards common goals. Toward a future where transparency is no longer a laughable concept when it comes to law enforcement, where communities trust the information coming out of police databases and where residents can see and understand patterns and problems for themselves. Then we can have informed debates and start to remake policing in the USA in ways we agree on.