text:
/* $Id: ResourceHandler.java 1357883 2012-07-05 20:29:53Z gadams $ */

package org.apache.fop.render.ps;

import java.awt.geom.Dimension2D;
import java.awt.geom.Rectangle2D;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;

import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;

import org.apache.xmlgraphics.image.loader.ImageException;
import org.apache.xmlgraphics.image.loader.ImageFlavor;
import org.apache.xmlgraphics.image.loader.ImageInfo;
import org.apache.xmlgraphics.image.loader.ImageManager;
import org.apache.xmlgraphics.image.loader.ImageSessionContext;
import org.apache.xmlgraphics.image.loader.util.ImageUtil;
import org.apache.xmlgraphics.ps.DSCConstants;
import org.apache.xmlgraphics.ps.FormGenerator;
import org.apache.xmlgraphics.ps.PSGenerator;
import org.apache.xmlgraphics.ps.PSResource;
import org.apache.xmlgraphics.ps.dsc.DSCException;
import org.apache.xmlgraphics.ps.dsc.DSCFilter;
import org.apache.xmlgraphics.ps.dsc.DSCListener;
import org.apache.xmlgraphics.ps.dsc.DSCParser;
import org.apache.xmlgraphics.ps.dsc.DSCParserConstants;
import org.apache.xmlgraphics.ps.dsc.DefaultNestedDocumentHandler;
import org.apache.xmlgraphics.ps.dsc.ResourceTracker;
import org.apache.xmlgraphics.ps.dsc.events.DSCComment;
import org.apache.xmlgraphics.ps.dsc.events.DSCCommentBoundingBox;
import org.apache.xmlgraphics.ps.dsc.events.DSCCommentDocumentNeededResources;
import org.apache.xmlgraphics.ps.dsc.events.DSCCommentDocumentSuppliedResources;
import org.apache.xmlgraphics.ps.dsc.events.DSCCommentHiResBoundingBox;
import org.apache.xmlgraphics.ps.dsc.events.DSCCommentIncludeResource;
import org.apache.xmlgraphics.ps.dsc.events.DSCCommentLanguageLevel;
import org.apache.xmlgraphics.ps.dsc.events.DSCCommentPage;
import org.apache.xmlgraphics.ps.dsc.events.DSCCommentPages;
import org.apache.xmlgraphics.ps.dsc.events.DSCEvent;
import org.apache.xmlgraphics.ps.dsc.events.DSCHeaderComment;
import org.apache.xmlgraphics.ps.dsc.events.PostScriptComment;
import org.apache.xmlgraphics.ps.dsc.events.PostScriptLine;
import org.apache.xmlgraphics.ps.dsc.tools.DSCTools;

import org.apache.fop.ResourceEventProducer;
import org.apache.fop.apps.FOUserAgent;
import org.apache.fop.fonts.FontInfo;
import org.apache.fop.render.ImageHandler;
import org.apache.fop.render.ImageHandlerRegistry;

/**
 * This class is used when two-pass production is used to generate the PostScript file (setting
 * "optimize-resources"). It uses the DSC parser from XML Graphics Commons to go over the
 * temporary file generated by the PSRenderer and adds all used fonts and images as resources
 * to the PostScript file.
 */
public class ResourceHandler implements DSCParserConstants, PSSupportedFlavors {

    /** logging instance */
    private static Log log = LogFactory.getLog(ResourceHandler.class);

    private FOUserAgent userAgent;
    private FontInfo fontInfo;

    private PSEventProducer eventProducer;

    private ResourceTracker resTracker;

    //key: URI, values PSImageFormResource
    private Map globalFormResources = new java.util.HashMap();
    //key: PSResource, values PSImageFormResource
    private Map inlineFormResources = new java.util.HashMap();

    /**
     * Main constructor.
     * @param userAgent the FO user agent
     * @param eventProducer the event producer
     * @param fontInfo the font information
     * @param resTracker the resource tracker to use
     * @param formResources Contains all forms used by this document (maintained by PSRenderer)
     */
    public ResourceHandler(FOUserAgent userAgent, PSEventProducer eventProducer,
            FontInfo fontInfo, ResourceTracker resTracker, Map formResources) {
        this.userAgent = userAgent;
        this.eventProducer = eventProducer;
        this.fontInfo = fontInfo;
        this.resTracker = resTracker;
        determineInlineForms(formResources);
    }

    /**
     * This method splits up the form resources map into two. One for global forms which
     * have been referenced more than once, and one for inline forms which have only been
     * used once. The latter is to conserve memory in the PostScript interpreter.
     * @param formResources the original form resources map
     */
    private void determineInlineForms(Map formResources) {
        if (formResources == null) {
            return;
        }
        Iterator iter = formResources.entrySet().iterator();
        while (iter.hasNext()) {
            Map.Entry entry = (Map.Entry)iter.next();
            PSResource res = (PSResource)entry.getValue();
            long count = resTracker.getUsageCount(res);
            if (count > 1) {
                //Make global form
                this.globalFormResources.put(entry.getKey(), res);
            } else {
                //Inline resource
                this.inlineFormResources.put(res, res);
                resTracker.declareInlined(res);
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Rewrites the temporary PostScript file generated by PSRenderer adding all needed resources
     * (fonts and images).
     * @param in the InputStream for the temporary PostScript file
     * @param out the OutputStream to write the finished file to
     * @param pageCount the number of pages (given here because PSRenderer writes an "(atend)")
     * @param documentBoundingBox the document's bounding box
     *                                  (given here because PSRenderer writes an "(atend)")
     * @throws DSCException If there's an error in the DSC structure of the PS file
     * @throws IOException In case of an I/O error
     */
    public void process(InputStream in, OutputStream out,
            int pageCount, Rectangle2D documentBoundingBox)
                    throws DSCException, IOException {
        DSCParser parser = new DSCParser(in);

        PSGenerator gen = new PSGenerator(out);
        parser.addListener(new DefaultNestedDocumentHandler(gen));
        parser.addListener(new IncludeResourceListener(gen));

        //Skip DSC header
        DSCHeaderComment header = DSCTools.checkAndSkipDSC30Header(parser);
        header.generate(gen);

        parser.setFilter(new DSCFilter() {
            private final Set filtered = new java.util.HashSet();
            {
                //We rewrite those as part of the processing
                filtered.add(DSCConstants.PAGES);
                filtered.add(DSCConstants.BBOX);
                filtered.add(DSCConstants.HIRES_BBOX);
                filtered.add(DSCConstants.DOCUMENT_NEEDED_RESOURCES);
                filtered.add(DSCConstants.DOCUMENT_SUPPLIED_RESOURCES);
            }
            public boolean accept(DSCEvent event) {
                if (event.isDSCComment()) {
                    //Filter %%Pages which we add manually from a parameter
                    return !(filtered.contains(event.asDSCComment().getName()));
                } else {
                    return true;
                }
            }
        });

        //Get PostScript language level (may be missing)
        while (true) {
            DSCEvent event = parser.nextEvent();
            if (event == null) {
                reportInvalidDSC();
            }
            if (DSCTools.headerCommentsEndHere(event)) {
                //Set number of pages
                DSCCommentPages pages = new DSCCommentPages(pageCount);
                pages.generate(gen);
                new DSCCommentBoundingBox(documentBoundingBox).generate(gen);
                new DSCCommentHiResBoundingBox(documentBoundingBox).generate(gen);

                PSFontUtils.determineSuppliedFonts(resTracker, fontInfo, fontInfo.getUsedFonts());
                registerSuppliedForms(resTracker, globalFormResources);

                //Supplied Resources
                DSCCommentDocumentSuppliedResources supplied
                    = new DSCCommentDocumentSuppliedResources(
                            resTracker.getDocumentSuppliedResources());
                supplied.generate(gen);

                //Needed Resources
                DSCCommentDocumentNeededResources needed
                    = new DSCCommentDocumentNeededResources(
                            resTracker.getDocumentNeededResources());
                needed.generate(gen);

                //Write original comment that ends the header comments
                event.generate(gen);
                break;
            }
            if (event.isDSCComment()) {
                DSCComment comment = event.asDSCComment();
                if (DSCConstants.LANGUAGE_LEVEL.equals(comment.getName())) {
                    DSCCommentLanguageLevel level = (DSCCommentLanguageLevel)comment;
                    gen.setPSLevel(level.getLanguageLevel());
                }
            }
            event.generate(gen);
        }

        //Skip to the FOPFontSetup
        PostScriptComment fontSetupPlaceholder = parser.nextPSComment("FOPFontSetup", gen);
        if (fontSetupPlaceholder == null) {
            throw new DSCException("Didn't find %FOPFontSetup comment in stream");
        }
        PSFontUtils.writeFontDict(gen, fontInfo, fontInfo.getUsedFonts(), eventProducer);
        generateForms(globalFormResources, gen);

        //Skip the prolog and to the first page
        DSCComment pageOrTrailer = parser.nextDSCComment(DSCConstants.PAGE, gen);
        if (pageOrTrailer == null) {
            throw new DSCException("Page expected, but none found");
        }

        //Process individual pages (and skip as necessary)
        while (true) {
            DSCCommentPage page = (DSCCommentPage)pageOrTrailer;
            page.generate(gen);
            pageOrTrailer = DSCTools.nextPageOrTrailer(parser, gen);
            if (pageOrTrailer == null) {
                reportInvalidDSC();
            } else if (!DSCConstants.PAGE.equals(pageOrTrailer.getName())) {
                pageOrTrailer.generate(gen);
                break;
            }
        }

        //Write the rest
        while (parser.hasNext()) {
            DSCEvent event = parser.nextEvent();
            event.generate(gen);
        }
        gen.flush();
    }

    private static void reportInvalidDSC() throws DSCException {
        throw new DSCException("File is not DSC-compliant: Unexpected end of file");
    }

    private static void registerSuppliedForms(ResourceTracker resTracker, Map formResources)
            throws IOException {
        if (formResources == null) {
            return;
        }
        Iterator iter = formResources.values().iterator();
        while (iter.hasNext()) {
            PSImageFormResource form = (PSImageFormResource)iter.next();
            resTracker.registerSuppliedResource(form);
        }
    }

    private void generateForms(Map formResources, PSGenerator gen) throws IOException {
        if (formResources == null) {
            return;
        }
        Iterator iter = formResources.values().iterator();
        while (iter.hasNext()) {
            PSImageFormResource form = (PSImageFormResource)iter.next();
            generateFormForImage(gen, form);
        }
    }

    private void generateFormForImage(PSGenerator gen, PSImageFormResource form)
                throws IOException {
        final String uri = form.getImageURI();

        ImageManager manager = userAgent.getFactory().getImageManager();
        ImageInfo info = null;
        try {
            ImageSessionContext sessionContext = userAgent.getImageSessionContext();
            info = manager.getImageInfo(uri, sessionContext);

            //Create a rendering context for form creation
            PSRenderingContext formContext = new PSRenderingContext(
                    userAgent, gen, fontInfo, true);

            ImageFlavor[] flavors;
            ImageHandlerRegistry imageHandlerRegistry
                = userAgent.getFactory().getImageHandlerRegistry();
            flavors = imageHandlerRegistry.getSupportedFlavors(formContext);

            Map hints = ImageUtil.getDefaultHints(sessionContext);
            org.apache.xmlgraphics.image.loader.Image img = manager.getImage(
                    info, flavors, hints, sessionContext);

            ImageHandler basicHandler = imageHandlerRegistry.getHandler(formContext, img);
            if (basicHandler == null) {
                throw new UnsupportedOperationException(
                        "No ImageHandler available for image: "
                            + img.getInfo() + " (" + img.getClass().getName() + ")");
            }

            if (!(basicHandler instanceof PSImageHandler)) {
                throw new IllegalStateException(
                        "ImageHandler implementation doesn't behave properly."
                        + " It should have returned false in isCompatible(). Class: "
                        + basicHandler.getClass().getName());
            }
            PSImageHandler handler = (PSImageHandler)basicHandler;
            if (log.isTraceEnabled()) {
                log.trace("Using ImageHandler: " + handler.getClass().getName());
            }
            handler.generateForm(formContext, img, form);

        } catch (ImageException ie) {
            ResourceEventProducer eventProducer = ResourceEventProducer.Provider.get(
                    userAgent.getEventBroadcaster());
            eventProducer.imageError(resTracker, (info != null ? info.toString() : uri),
                    ie, null);
        }
    }

    private static FormGenerator createMissingForm(String formName, final Dimension2D dimensions) {
        FormGenerator formGen = new FormGenerator(formName, null, dimensions) {

            protected void generatePaintProc(PSGenerator gen) throws IOException {
                gen.writeln("0 setgray");
                gen.writeln("0 setlinewidth");
                String w = gen.formatDouble(dimensions.getWidth());
                String h = gen.formatDouble(dimensions.getHeight());
                gen.writeln(w + " " + h  + " scale");
                gen.writeln("0 0 1 1 rectstroke");
                gen.writeln("newpath");
                gen.writeln("0 0 moveto");
                gen.writeln("1 1 lineto");
                gen.writeln("stroke");
                gen.writeln("newpath");
                gen.writeln("0 1 moveto");
                gen.writeln("1 0 lineto");
                gen.writeln("stroke");
            }

        };
        return formGen;
    }

    private class IncludeResourceListener implements DSCListener {

        private PSGenerator gen;

        public IncludeResourceListener(PSGenerator gen) {
            this.gen = gen;
        }

        /** {@inheritDoc} */
        public void processEvent(DSCEvent event, DSCParser parser)
                    throws IOException, DSCException {
            if (event.isDSCComment() && event instanceof DSCCommentIncludeResource) {
                DSCCommentIncludeResource include = (DSCCommentIncludeResource)event;
                PSResource res = include.getResource();
                if (res.getType().equals(PSResource.TYPE_FORM)) {
                    if (inlineFormResources.containsValue(res)) {
                        PSImageFormResource form = (PSImageFormResource)
                                    inlineFormResources.get(res);
                        //Create an inline form
                        //Wrap in save/restore pair to release memory
                        gen.writeln("save");
                        generateFormForImage(gen, form);
                        boolean execformFound = false;
                        DSCEvent next = parser.nextEvent();
                        if (next.isLine()) {
                            PostScriptLine line = next.asLine();
                            if (line.getLine().endsWith(" execform")) {
                                line.generate(gen);
                                execformFound = true;
                            }
                        }
                        if (!execformFound) {
                            throw new IOException(
                                "Expected a PostScript line in the form: <form> execform");
                        }
                        gen.writeln("restore");
                    } else {
                        //Do nothing
                    }
                    parser.next();
                }
            }
        }

    }

}


text:
National Education Body Demands Rollback Of 18% GST On Sector; Know GST's Impact On Education
7 Nov 2017 6:24 AM GMT
Education Promotion Society for India (EPSI) approached the Centre on November 2, demanding a rollback of the Goods and Services Tax (GST) applied to various service providers in the sector.
EPSI is the national body that represents a wide spectrum of the education sector and education service providers. An EPSI delegation submitted a memorandum to both Finance Minister Arun Jaitley and Minister of State for Finance Santosh Gangwar, informing them of the serious implications of GST levy being imposed on outsourced services in the sector – transportation, security, hostels-mess and canteen, training, medical services, shops and admission-related services etc.
GST has been imposed on different services provided by higher education institutions (HEIs) and universities (both private and public) w.e.f. 1 July 2017. "Since these services are currently paid by users directly to vendors, GST levy will create financial burden on them and also lead to escalation of the cost of higher education," said EPSI in a recent notification.
"The EPSI's delegation also explained to both ministers that imposition of levy on outsourced services in many cases will be detrimental to the quality of higher education. HEIs will be forced to stop outsourcing and do it in-house. The management of universities and colleges will unnecessarily be bogged down in managing these services which do not come into their core competencies viz. higher education," it added.
Taxing the Education Sector has always been a sensitive issue, as education is seen more as a social activity than a business one. The government has a constitutional obligation to provide free and compulsory elementary education to every child. Thus, to promote education, it would be beneficial if educational services are exempted from tax, says the Central Board of Excise and Customs (CBEC) under the Government of India.
However, it also added that commercialisation of education is also a reality. "The distinction between core and ancillary education is blurring and education is now an organised industry with huge revenues," reads a notification by the CBEC.
Core educational services provided and received by educational institutions are exempt and other services are sought to be taxed at the standard rate of 18%, it continued.
The earlier tax was 15%.
Currently, these services attract 18% GST under the new tax regime:
Higher Education Institutions and Private Institutions
Cost of Organizing Events – Any educational/training events organized in India by foreign entities which are attended by professionals, individuals and overseas participants.
Other items were GST is imposed: colouring books, exercise books, notebooks, crayons will be 12% whereas, for pens and school bags, it would be 18%.
However, no GST will be applicable on annual subscription/fees charged as lodging/boarding charges by such educational institutions from its students for hostel accommodation, reported India Today.
There have been contrasting responses to the 3% increase in tax. "Education is a bare necessity today and students are now left with no choice but to pay more to get quality education. Other concern is that there are many students who don't come from financially strong backgrounds, increased taxes may affect them badly. My own perception certainly is that education sector as a blanket should have been either left free of GST or not charged more than a 3, 4 or 5 per cent tax," said Naveen Chopra, Chairman, Education counselling firm The Chopra's, reported NDTV.
However, CP Shrimali, Acting Director, MDI Gurgaon, said, "I don't think a rise of 3 per cent in college fee or tax will make that big a difference to students or colleges alike. In the long term, I think colleges can pass on the benefit to students in the form of no fee hikes, which were otherwise around 7-8 per cent yearly, due to inflation."
Education is one of the most valuable services a nation can provide to its citizens. Not only should it be available and accessible but also economical. An increase of tax might have an adverse impact on financially backward students who opt for private institutes or coaching centres for further guidance. The Logical Indian community hopes that the government takes into account the issues raised by EPSI and comes to a decision which works best for students.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints (LDS) is a Christian restorationist church headquartered in Salt Lake City, Utah, with a worldwide membership of 15 million people. Since 2014, LDS Charities has been an important parter of the World Food Programme. Their sizable support has helped us save and change the lives of people around the world, making measurable progress toward Zero Hunger.
Emergency support: in emergencies, WFP relies on the support of its partners to help us get vital food assistance to the people who need it most. LDS Charities continually steps up to provide support to WFP and our beneficiaries when emergency strikes.
Home Grown School Meals: LDS Charities is a strong supporter of WFP's Home Grown School Meals programme, that not only provides all of the benefits of a traditional school meals programme but also supports smallholder farmers and the local economy, creates jobs and performs necessary training sessions.
LDS Charities has provided substantial support to WFP during emergencies, beginning with the Ebola crisis in 2014 and since then to combat drought in Ethiopia and assist emergency operations in Syria, Cameroon and Chad.
By supporting WFP's Home Grown School Meals programs in Cambodia and the Ivory Coast, LDS Charities will help change the lives of students by providing them with good nutrition and allowing them to make education a priority.


text:
HomeUncategorizedThey discover an ancient Roman imperial city at the foot of the...
They discover an ancient Roman imperial city at the foot of the Spanish Pyrenees
Published: Jul 18, 2022 12:13 GMT
Despite its evident importance, the name of this city does not seem to have been preserved in any historical document.
Researchers from the Institute of High Aragonese Studies and the universities of Zaragoza, Bordeaux, Polytechnic of Madrid and Salamanca recently published a study detailing the discovery of an ancient Roman imperial city in the Spanish town of Artieda, on the southern slopes of the Pyrenees.
Archaeological work in the area dates back to 2018, when the City Council of Artieda requested assistance from the University of Zaragoza to study some remains scattered around the hermitage of San Pedro and known as El Forau de la Tuta.
Three years later, experts have been able to verify that these remains actually constitute a single large archaeological complex, where between the 1st and 2nd centuries AD a large Roman city was built that had temples, baths and even an advanced sewage system. Despite its obvious importance, the name of this city does not seem to have been preserved in any historical document .
The analysis of four tombstones from the site, which were preserved in the Diocesan Museum of Jaca and in private collections in Artieda, led to the conclusion that they belonged to an "important necropolis and that was maintained until the change of era".
Archaeologists confirmed that later, between the 9th and 13th centuries, the area e It was occupied by a peasant settlement of the early medieval villa or village type.
The excavations in El Forau de la Tuta and its surroundings continue, as experts suspect that there are still many more secrets to be discovered there.
India to become world's fastest growing economy, country's Reserve Bank forecasts
They demand the resignation of a minister in France for her homophobic comments


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text:
Dallas Stars Scoring Chances
ANALYSIS: Stars Generate High Danger Shots, But It Comes At a High Cost
The Dallas Stars want to focus on quality over quantity, and they're doing a good job of it. So why does it feel like it doesn't matter?
By David Castillo@DavidCastilloAC Mar 23, 2020, 9:00am CDT
Share All sharing options for: ANALYSIS: Stars Generate High Danger Shots, But It Comes At a High Cost
There's been no shortage of great non-hockey content here at DBD. But I'm not wired that way. Yea I love breweries. And yea, I love video games. I'll still rock out to that killer Castlevania IV soundtrack. But I love hockey just a little bit more. So I'm gonna pretend like nothing happened. Nope, nothing major at all. Let's pick up where we left off, shall we?
Dallas has been defined by the kind of losing streak that can be turned into a punchline — and like any (good) punchline, the truth is penetrating. Teams 'backing into' the playoffs historically don't do well. Two years ago when Dallas collapsed in March under Ken Hitchcock, that team was in a frighteningly similar position, with both the 2018 and 2020 team stuck at 82 points after game 69. The warning signs were there, in 2018.
The warning signs are here, this season.
But it's not all bad. The Stars have been doing something really well under Rick Bowness. Something kind of important. They are 10th in the NHL in high danger shot attempts-for (classified as a shot taken around the crease and slot area of the ice).
Sounds good, right? Like something you can build on? Here's my spicy take: I'm not so sure. Obviously, in an absolute vacuum, shooting from closer to the net is preferable. After all, the closer a player is to the net, the more likely they are to score a goal. Two plus two equals four, right?
But a high danger shot on its own is just that: a shot generated around the crease/slot area of the ice. 'Danger' is a relative term. If you had to choose between Blake Comeau firing a wrister from the low slot versus Denis Gurianov firing a slapshot from just inside the faceoff hashmarks, which would you choose? The high danger shot (technically Comeau's), or the scoring chance (officially Gurianov's)?
Here's an interesting contradiction: while Dallas is 10th in the NHL in high danger shot attempts generated, they are 17th in expected goals generated (or xGF per 60). Why aren't the Stars expected to score more if they're constantly in the right area to score? The explanation is more obvious the more you think about it: while high danger shots are more likely to go in, it doesn't mean non-high danger shots won't, and Bowness' Stars don't generate much of anything else.
The Great Quantity vs. Quality Debate (...is not what you think it is)
Whether deliberate or accidental, the focus under Dallas' organization has seemed to be on quality at the cost of quantity. If that's Bowness' strategy, he wouldn't be the first NHL coach to argue its merits. As I said, they're good at getting close to the net. But that's the only thing they do.
To summarize:
they're very poor at generating low percentage shots, yet are much more likely to score on them in proportion to what they generate.
they're moderately poor at generating medium danger shots, yet are less likely to score on them in proportion to what they generate.
they're very good at generating higher danger shots, yet are significantly less likely to score with them in proportion to what they generate.
Before we go any further, let's look at another unremarkable graph. If we look at the types of shots, will that give us insight?
I didn't include wrist shots because most shots are wrist shots, and it messes with the dimensions of the graph, but for the record, Dallas ranks 16th at generating wrist shots.
They're way above league average when it comes to deflections and wraparounds. They're getting to the dirty areas. It's gotta be bad luck. Right? Not so fast. In terms of general insights over the years, there's something worth noting about high danger shots:
generating high danger shots is a skill teams can repeat, but it's not as repeatable as other shot attempts.
generating high danger shots is a skill that teams can repeat, but the link between turning those shots into goals is a modest one.
wraparounds and deflections are the least consistent of shot types, and tell us little about whether or not they can contribute to future goal-scoring.
This is a really important point. Not only is Dallas focusing their strategy on attacking an area that is harder to attack consistently, but they're attacking with the type of tactics that are hardest to replicate. The former point has actually played out in realtime. From October to January, Dallas was actually better at generating high danger chances, when they ranked 4th in the NHL (again, currently 10th). The latter point is one I'll get back to.
Tales From the Tape
Let me digress for a second. My eyes don't see everything. Not all at once. Sometimes I have to use them again. And again. Not just because I have bad vision without corrective lenses, but because I'm not always 100% focused. Analytics remind me when to use them again; sharpening my vision not just from a visual standpoint, but from a value standpoint.
I bring this up to prove a point about the Dallas Stars organization. What we don't know is a strong argument against the lazy perspective that 'analytics provide value when you need it, and noise when you don't.' Who decides what's valuable to begin with? Stats aren't meant to be static figures of what happened the night before. They're meant to be dynamic representations of interacting scenarios. As scenarios evolve, so do the models trying to capture the different patterns that teams exhibit from game to game. And as the sample size grows, we get a clearer picture of what events are contributing to those patterns. That to me, is the real value: being able to capture patterns — lack of shot quantity — before they emerge to become results — lack of goals, which ultimately lead to lack of wins.
I digress about analytics not just because I'm gonna use them, but because Dallas doesn't seem to forecast well as an organization. I worry we're looking at yet another trend they're not gonna see until it's staring them in the golfing face. So is Dallas getting the most value out of these high danger shots? I don't believe so. Here's what I consider to be a typical Dallas high danger shot. A forward takes possession of the puck down low, shifts it up high, and then down low again.
Below you'll see Stephen Johns receive the puck from down low, then unload a bomb from up high. Radek Faksa and Blake Comeau try to grab the rebound down low to register a high danger shot. Just the meat and the potatoes.
There's nothing wrong with this play. It's the FCC line. The puck goes at the net, they go after the puck, and then pray to the hockey gods that a kerfuffle can slide the puck past the goaltender.
But you can see where the danger might be considered relative. The "high danger" shot is preceded by a low danger shot in mechanical fashion: Edmonton goaltender Mikko Koskinen has the whole play in front of him. There's only one location that Dallas is threatening from. Not only does Koskinen see the angle, but so does Edmonton's defense.
There's something in analytics called Flurry Adjusted Expected Goals. A whaaaat? Consider the following scenario. The likelihood of Stephen Johns scoring from a point shot is statistically slim. But the likelihood of Radek Faksa scoring a goal by picking up a rebound close to the net as a direct result of Johns' slapshot? A lot better. However, Faksa's high danger chance only existed because of Johns' low danger chance. That's where the flurry adjustment comes in: to help clean up some of the noise. As expected, once you account for these shot flurries, Dallas' expected goal rates are lower by a not-insignificant margin.
The play below follows the same pattern. Jamie Oleksiak receives the puck from down low, chambers high, and Roope Hintz grabs a tip down low to register a high danger shot.
Same thing on the next play. Miro Heiskanen receives the puck from down low, shoots from up high, and Faksa grabs the deflection down low to register a high danger shot.
This was a game Dallas absolutely dominated, but still lost. It was a sloppy game. A lot stood out to me: not just the bottom six minutes Hintz and Gurianov got (keepers of the faith may be sick of this criticism but since we're talking high danger shots, it's worth noting that the players Bowness trusts are the ones leaving HD chances on the table), but also the way Dallas dominated. Did you ever feel like Koskinen, kind of just had Dallas' game down to a science? That's something people working on the best model for predicting goals have been trying to figure out. In a game that's constantly evolving, at what point do efficiencies become...inefficiencies?
Rebounds themselves are a fascinating case. John McCool wrote a really great abstract on the biases of how expected goals are calculated, and whether using a model that takes inputs from the previous season to tell us about the current season creates statistical noise. Rebounds have had dramatically less influence over expected goal probability, experiencing a steep decline specifically during the 2013-2014 season, over the last decade: something Dallas has relied on a lot in the post-Ruff era.
Whether it's goalies themselves adjusting or the teams, the fact remains. Let's look at two clips. The first:
Then the second:
This seems like the ideal Stars forecheck to me. Two low, one rover mid-zone to break up exits. Benn does that.
But then you're left with 3 high, so you can shoot through bodies or dump it in, where you're now out-numbered. They split the difference with "miracle tip-in." pic.twitter.com/NwtjDwV4oS
— however comma (@eyeversehen) March 11, 2020
This, to me, is a classic shot attempt under Bowness; set up in an umbrella-like formation, throw the puck behind the net or across the slot hoping to grab a quick point shot, or generate some random deflection. It doesn't always work. In fact, it obviously doesn't work at all or else they wouldn't be outscored by bottom feeders like New Jersey and Ottawa. But it's something Dallas seems wedded too.*
Dallas' lack of creativity and current struggles make intuitive sense when you break these plays down. They're inside the right area, but they're outside the right threat. The plays themselves seem easy enough to defend. The goaltender doesn't have to move dramatically from one side to the next. The defenders have to fill out only a small list of to-do's: get in lanes to block the shot, pressure the shooter, or grab the rebound before Dallas does. Where's the passing on Dallas' end? Where's the ability to threaten from two locations, instead of just one? Where are the isolated shooters? Bowness himself can't decide if wants more passing, or less passing.
While insights are limited when it comes to passing data, some brave souls have tried to figure out how well a pass can influence the quality of a scoring chance. And yes, here again, Dallas is behind the curve.
Of all the passes to increase the quality of a shot, passes from low to high are the worst.
Getting Ahead of the Curve
Before my hot take gets twisted, let's clarify something. The argument is not, high danger shots are actually bad. The argument is, the danger is relative given their predictability.
'Getting to the dirty areas' is not a bad philosophy, but it doesn't account for the drastic difference between players. Standing in front of the crease trying to slam home a rebound might be how you want Faksa, Cogliano, and Comeau to score. But is that where you want Jamie Benn and Tyler Seguin to be, all the time? Isn't their skill precisely in having time and space? Being able to threaten from multiple areas instead of just one?
Over the last three seasons, Seguin and Benn have been on the ice for 45 medium danger goals, and 28 low danger ones; all at even strength. Quantity has a quality all its own. By ignoring ways to exploit other areas — well, you get the point.
I suspect this is what makes Hintz and Gurianov stand out beyond their goal-scoring. Not only are they producing, but they don't seem trapped by the system. They have enough speed to create their own space, and can therefore play beyond the dump and chase trappings. This is also why their individual xG rates are so much better than the others: most goals are scored within seven seconds of entering the zone, which is what Hintz and Gurianov specialize in; being able to break into the zone, quickly, for one-on-one opportunities.
I also suspect this has a trickle-down effect on the defensemen like Heiskanen and John Klingberg. Both have struggled to make the impact we know they're capable of. Heiskanen's numbers off the ice versus on are particularly stark under Bowness. Just as the system asks Benn and Seguin to play more like Faksa and Comeau, the system asks Heiskanen and Klingberg to play more like Lindell and Polak, which is why one gets rewarded with the other's shifts despite no tangible justification other than Protect Our Identity (I hate to group Lindell and Polak together, but they share something in common: they are black holes in transition from zone to zone, which affects Dallas' ability to generate offense at even strength, and their lack of creativity breaking out of the zone leads to what can only be charitably described as 'informal' turnovers).
I want to go back to Ryan Stimson's article on shot types. He also mentions an important point about one-timers; setting them up is a repeatable skill that is also more likely to lead to future scoring. Recall the chart on shot types: Dallas is actively bad at generating slapshots, so it naturally follows that one-timers (not synonymous, but closely linked) aren't on the menu as much as they should. This is worth stressing because we can look at Dallas' unlucky shooting percentage on their high danger shots and say 'well it'll get better' and I think that's true. But what if their low danger shooting percentage starts to fall where it should, in proportion to what they attempt? What if their medium danger shot attempts don't improve? What if their high danger shooting percentage starts to go up, but their high danger attempts, start (read: continue) to fall? No matter what, they're still in no man's land.
So sure, it's nice to generate high danger shots at a higher rate than most teams. But why stop there? It's hard to buy luck when you're only scratching off one ticket. If chance favors the prepared, then it follows that chance punishes the unrehearsed. Dallas better start rehearsing if they want to come back a stronger team, whether it's in the summer, or next season.
*I have a crackpot theory on this one. In a game where jobs were literally on the line, Dallas scored 6 unanswered goals against Minnesota back on October 28th. Two of the goals in the 3rd period went off Wild players from Stars looking for random deflections near the slot. As you can see, they still do this from time to time. Nobody's open, but a defending player is near the goal crease, there's a teammate who maybe-sort-of has lane towards a rebound, but without certainty or probability on their side, Dallas throws it at the net anyway, ignoring other options. I like this theory, but of course, like with most crackpot theories, the boring version seems to explain more, which is: not being a good possession team means less confidence and efficiency when they do have possession.
All data taken from Natural Stat Trick.
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A radical addition to his most recent collection of works, Chance takes a vibrant color combination of yellow and purple and transforms it into a feeling of unease as you stare deeply into the morbid eyes of this portrait. While sticking to his signature application of contrast between two or three main colours, he reinvents macabre magnificence with unexpected ease.
This First Edition Acquisition Original comes with its very own Certificate of Authenticity and is signed by Chance himself. Acrylic on canvas and framed upon request.
All rights to distribution, recreation, resale, and image usage belong to First Edition Acquisition, LLC. Original Piece By Artist Chance Rovski.


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Feeling fruity! We certainly are with this mug set a watermelon, orange and lemon style mug make for a fruity salad, not sure you can count it towards your five a day though!
Hand wash your fruit please!
The Watermelon Sugar Bowl will finish the fruit salad!


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Category: Support Staff
Alex Parsell | Major Gifts Assistant
Alex came to Michigan Radio in October of 2016, shortly after his studies at Michigan State University. He works with Larry Jonas to facilitate major gifts. Continue reading "Alex Parsell | Major Gifts Assistant"
Cindy Payne | Human Resource Administrator
Cindy Payne is Michigan Radio's Human Resource Administrator. She is responsible for day to day HR related issues, employment, and assists with the monthly accounts payable and billing processes. Cindy has been at the University of Michigan for 23 years and Michigan Radio for 13. Continue reading "Cindy Payne | Human Resource Administrator"
Ellen Perry | Account Executive, Corporate Support
Ellen Perry has been at Michigan Radio since October 2016 as an Account Executive on the Corporate Support team.
Her sales background is rooted in print media, which began 20 years ago at Trader Publishing then on to the Ann Arbor Observer. Her move to Michigan Radio was not just an exciting transition but also a natural one as she has been a passionate listener and supporter since her youth. Continue reading "Ellen Perry | Account Executive, Corporate Support"
Tom Peterson | Media Engineer
Tom Peterson is Michigan Radio's Media Engineer.
For the past 11 years it has been my duty to maintain the broadcast transmission equipment and systems at our three transmitter sites in Ann Arbor, Grand Rapids, and Flint. Including my time at the station, I have a total of 28 years of broadcast experience in both radio and TV in both small and major markets. Continue reading "Tom Peterson | Media Engineer"
Christa Quinn | Corporate Support Account Executive
Christa Quinn is a Corporate Support Account Executive at Michigan Radio, and while she is new to radio, she's no stranger to working in the media. Christa is an AMS-sealed certified meteorologist who spent nearly 25 years in front of the camera broadcasting the weather in such cities as Albuquerque, NM; Traverse City, MI; Toledo, OH; Philadelphia, PA and Detroit. Alas, the 2 a.m. wake-up calls got old, so she stepped away from the camera. Continue reading "Christa Quinn | Corporate Support Account Executive"
Chelsea Roberts | Corporate Support Account Executive
Chelsea Roberts is a Corporate Support Account Executive for Michigan Radio, since 2019.
Chelsea grew up in East Lansing and graduated from Lansing Community College and Michigan State University before heading to the Pacific Northwest for six years. Before joining Michigan Radio, Chelsea worked in corporate support and development at Northwest Public Broadcasting in Washington State where her fundraising and marketing efforts grew audience ratings and corporate sponsorship contributions. She is grateful to be continuing her public media career back in Michigan, her home.
Continue reading "Chelsea Roberts | Corporate Support Account Executive"
Danielle Seering | Operations Administrator, Corporate Support
Danielle has been with Michigan Radio since January 2015. As a journalism major in college, Danielle fell in love with public media in general and Michigan Radio in particular.
Continue reading "Danielle Seering | Operations Administrator, Corporate Support"
Jackie Stickney | Sustainer Memberships and Customer Service
Jackie came to Michigan Radio as a temporary employee in May 2009. Having worked in both the for-profit and non-profit sectors, and though her background is not in public media, she finds her position to be challenging and interesting.
Jackie runs our successful sustaining membership program and also handles most of the customer service calls and emails that come into the station. Every day is different. Interacting with Michigan Radio contributors is fascinating, can be frustrating, but is always a satisfying experience. Continue reading "Jackie Stickney | Sustainer Memberships and Customer Service"
Alison Warren | Associate Director of Development
Alison joined Michigan Radio in 2014 and works as the Associate Director of Development. Although she doesn't have a background in radio, she grew up listening to the station.
Alison oversees Michigan Radio's Membership program including membership drives, where she combines her passion for philanthropy and Michigan Radio. She enjoys sharing her passion for all things Michigan Radio with listeners and members.
Continue reading "Alison Warren | Associate Director of Development"
Peggy J. Watson | Operations Manager
Peggy J. Watson began her career at Michigan Radio in 1983 as a Production Assistant after graduating from Western Michigan University. At that time, Michigan Radio was primarily a classical music station.
Continue reading "Peggy J. Watson | Operations Manager"


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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White "Rioters" & Black "Terrorists": A Brief History of the DOJ as a White Supremacist Institution
An investigatory dive reveals the disturbingly white supremacist roots of the U.S. Department of Justice.
By Adin Alem ● Justice ● May 14, 2022 June 13, 2022
Members of the Invisible Empire of the Knights of the Ku Klux Klan arrive at city hall in Meriden, March 21, 1981, escorted by Meriden police. The Klan was in Meriden to rally in support of local police - © 2015 Associated Press, Photo by Bob Child
Members of the Invisible Empire of the Knights of the Ku Klux Klan arrive at city hall in Meriden, March 21, 1981, escorted by Meriden police. The Klan was in Meriden to rally in support of local police – © 2015 Associated Press, Photo by Bob Child
February 28th, 2022 marked the beginning of the trial against Guy Reffitt, a white Texas man who participated in the attempted coup of the U.S. government on January 6th, 2021.
Reffitt is part of the white supremacist, extremist, militia movement called the Three Percenters — an entity that has been designated as a terrorist organization by the Canadian government, and which was responsible for bombing a Minnesota mosque in 2018.
Guy Reffitt "told anyone within ear shot he planned to storm the Capitol that afternoon," assistant U.S. attorney Risa Berkower said referring to Reffit during the January 6 Insurrection, "He said it over and over again."
Reffitt was charged with civil disorder, five counts of obstruction, and entering the Capitol grounds with a firearm, and was also denied motions for acquittal and a new trial by the judge. Similar to other trials dealing with the attempted coup on January 6th, 2021, the jury was not convinced that Reffit was innocent.
But considering he participated in an act which fits the U.S. government's definition of "treason," as well as his membership in a far right terrorist organization, the public has since continued to (perhaps naively) ask: why was Reffit not charged with domestic terrorism?
Weapons lean on a panel during military-style drills of the III% Georgia Security Force in Flovilla, Ga. in November 2016. The militia calls itself the Georgia Security Forces (GSF). The group is part of the Three Percenters movement. (MOHAMMED ELSHAMY / Getty Images)
Reffitt not being charged with domestic terrorism is even more perplexing given the Biden administration's announcement earlier this year on January 11th, 2022. Matthew J. Olsen, head of the Justice Department's National Security Division, detailed the Biden administration's plan to create a new Domestic Terrorism Unit.
Olsen stated, "This group of dedicated attorneys will focus on the domestic terrorism threat, helping to ensure that these cases are handled properly and effectively coordinated across the Department of Justice and across the country."
The announcement, which took place nearly on the anniversary of the attempted coup, prompted the Biden administration to assure the public that they are doing everything possible to hold the individuals involved accountable. This includes, they say, the creation and implementation of a new domestic terrorism unit to "prevent such an event from taking place again."
"Assistant Attorney General for National Security Division Matthew Olsen, seen from a video monitor, testifies remotely before a Senate Judiciary Committee during a virtual hearing to examine the domestic terrorism threat one year after January 6, on Capitol Hill, Thursday, Feb. 10, 2022," in Washington. (AP Photo/Manuel Balce Ceneta)
While the administration's rhetoric purports that the new unit's purpose is to help fight domestic white supremacist terrorists, many are rightfully skeptical of what the actual use of the new unit will be.
Domestic terrorism laws in the U.S are (likely intentionally) vague. The FBI states that domestic terrorism is "violent, criminal acts committed by individuals and/or groups to further ideological goals stemming from domestic influences, such as those of a political, religious, social, racial, or environmental nature." Olsen states that this definition "provides us with expanded authorities, including enhanced sentencing for terrorism offenses."
With this definition, it would seem obvious to prosecute those involved in the attempted coup with domestic terrorism charges, yet this is not what has happened.
The Department of Justice (DOJ) has been avoidant of persuing any domestic terrorism charges for those involved in the attack on the capitol, stating that prosecutors would rely on the "facts and circumstances of each case."
But when security guards and officers were nearly murdered, government property destroyed, and the lives of public officials threatened, what other "facts and circumstances" are needed?
"A man breaks a window as a mob of supporters of U.S. President Donald Trump storm the U.S. Capitol Building in Washington, January 6, 2021." Leah Millis | Reuters
A better question is: why were white supremacists who attempted to overthrow the government not charged with domestic terrorism, yet protestors acting against police brutality in the 2020 uprisings were?
Anyone who is familiar with United States history is sure to know the answer to that question, but a deeper look reveals just how implicated the Department of Justice itself is with white supremacist domestic terrorism.
In Oklahoma, District Attorney David Prater decided in June of 2020 to charge protesters with domestic terrorism. Those charged included Eric Christopher Ruffin, 26, and Malachai Davis, 18. Davis was charged with domestic terroism for allegedly breaking a window with brass knuckles, while Ruffin was charged with domestic terrorism for "encourging and inciting violence."
How did Ruffin encourage and incite violence? He recorded the incident on Facebook live.
In New York City Urooj Rahman, 31, and Colinford Mattis, 32 were also charged with domestic terrorism. The New York lawyers were charged with allegedly setting fire to NYPD's 88th precinct with Molotov cocktails. Unlike Ruffin and Davis, Rahman and Mattis are being charged on a federal level, carrying significantly greater potential punishments. Currently, they are each facing 10 years in prison and are set for trial in May.
In both incidents, major property damage was done, but no person was harmed. Yet Ruffin, Davis, Rahman and Mattis are all facing domestic terrorism charges and the life destroying label of "terrorist." Meanwhile the white supremacists who attempted to overthrow the U.S. government, destroyed federal property, and attacked police officers and security guards have nothing remotely close to such charges.
This is not the only example of domestic terrorism units being senselessly deployed On April 12th, 2022, while a mass shooter on a NYC Subway station was on the loose, NYPD's Stragetic Response Group, a counter terror unit, was instead at Tompkins Square Park enforcing an encampent sweep against the homeless.
"While yesterday's shooter is still at large, the NYPD's Strategic Response Group, a counter terror unit, is at Tompkins Square Park to enforce an encampment sweep."
At this point it is brazenly clear that there is a double standard regarding who is charged with domestic terrorism and who is not. But the more grave danger of "domestic terrorism enforcement capabilities" goes deeper than hypocrisy.
The label of "terrorist" or "terrorism" in the United States has never been about ensuring the safety of its citizens. If it was, vast swathes of white people in our country would have been or still would be incarcerated (to be clear I am not advocating for incarceration, simply making a point on principle).
Those who were in the KKK, or the white cops in Kansas City Kansas who have a documented history of sexual exploitation, murder, and other documented crimes that amount to acts of terror would have at the very least lost their jobs.
The truth is that "terrorist" and "terrorism" are racialized, anti-Black, Islamaphobic categories that Department of Justice weaponizes as a policy and propaganda tool to effectively wage war on Black and brown revolutionary movements.
This can be seen with the FBI's creation of the relatively nascent domestic terrorism program targeting "Black Identity Extremists" created in 2017. The program, unironically created amidst the Black Lives Matter movement, is eerily similar to the FBI's infamous COINTELPRO program which targeted (through assassinations, propaganda campaigns and more) and worked to dismantle Black liberation movements between 1956 and 1971.
Black identity extremist likely motivated to target law enforcement, Intelligence Assessment
The "Black Identity Extremism" report was prepared by the FBI's Domestic Terrorism Analysis Unit, which is a part of the bureau's Counterterrorism Division. The FBI produced the report by surveilling a handful of protests around the country that advocated against police violence.
Despite finding no obvious connections between any of the protests that were deemed "violent and dangerous," the FBI quickly manufactured the image of a new Black terrorist archetype that "must be dealt with."
Many of the individuals deemed as "terrorists" in the report were local activists, and despite having absolutely zero evidence or probably cause to surveil the individuals, their information was distributed to masses of local and federal law enforcement partners across the country by the FBI.
With this context and historical understanding, it is no surprise that Black organizers continue to be deeply concerned.
The Biden administration and Department of Justice cannot be trusted to effectively eradicate white supremacist domestic terrorism because law enforcement agencies are founded in and run by white supremacists themselves.
Deputy Chief of Fruitland Park police resigned and second officer fired in scandal over links to KKK.
FPPD officer James Elkins, 33, revealed as KKK recruiter and resigned.
Black organizers across the country have continuously been arrested, harassed, brutalized and killed by the U.S government under the guise of "terrorism" while real white terrorists who attempt coups and wear police uniforms roam freely.
In the age of surveillance, we must be critically aware of how the government will criminalize our every move.
Black people are seen as criminals, delinquents, and a danger to society, so it's no suprise that when we fight for the liberation of our people, the government will say we are terrorists.
Adin Alem
Adin is a Kansas City-based Abolitionist organizer, a climate justice organizer with Sunrise Movement KC, and a student at UMKC.
Liberation Through Housing: A Feature With Revolutionary Leader of KC Tenants
By KC Defender Staff ● Justice ● July 1, 2021 June 7, 2022
In our inaugural episode, we interview local organizer, leader and revolutionary, Jenay Manley of KC Tenants. Ryan and Jenay delve deep into the violent policies…
VIDEO: KC Black Panther Party Vows "War" with KCPD & Promotes July Armed Demonstration
By KC Defender Staff ● Kansas City ● July 1, 2021 May 12, 2022
BACK THE BLACK Armed march taking place in Kansas City on July 3rd at 63rd & Troost. This demonstration is being organized by the Kansas…
When KC Cops Murder Black People, Local Media Are Co-Conspirators
By Cassandra Gillig ● Kansas City ● July 12, 2021 June 13, 2022
Led by police department lies emphasizing Johnson's purportedly threatening presence and guilt, the killing elicited little protest.


It's full-STEAM ahead for the students and faculty of Sacred Heart Catholic School in Gallup, NM.
This semester, Sacred Heart becomes the first school in McKinley County to offer a full curriculum in Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts and Math for each student in preschool through the eighth grade.
In the 2nd Grade classroom, Brenda Sanchez is distributing a lily and a kitchen spoon to her students. She asks them to feel the objects and describe the differences between the flower, which grows naturally, and the spoon, which is human-made.
"Another way to describe an object is by the form and function", she stresses, introducing two specific scientific terms to her students.
Brenda Sanchez walks her 2nd Grade class through a demonstration of form and function at Sacred Heart School in late January.
This is the beginning of the STEAM program in the school, an initiative first championed by Anna Biava, who served on the school's board for many years. Biava noticed the challenges facing students seeking to transfer to a career following graduation from high school or college.
The solution: Biava developed a partnership between Sacred Heart School and Project Lead the Way, a national curriculum for engineering and science centered around hands-on learning and problem-solving.
New Mexico State University is the program's official state affiliate, and seeks to establish new STEM programs throughout the state. Dr. Patricia Sullivan, an associate dean with NMSU's College of Engineering, views the relationship between Sacred Heart School and the university as mutually beneficial.
"From our end, at New Mexico State, we're just really interested in reaching out to partners, especially in rural areas and all over the state, to make sure that students have an opportunity to engage in quality STEM education at middle and high school levels," Sullivan said.
Once students develop STEM skills, they then can choose to apply those skills to a specific field in college, which then fosters a better job market throughout New Mexico.
Sullivan visited Sacred Heart in the Fall semester when the school held a community launch day, complete with a parade and visits to the school. Over the following weeks, every teacher in the school undertook a two-day intensive given by members of Project Lead the Way, so that each teacher could begin to understand and roll out the STEAM initiative in their classrooms.
Each classroom now has a digital board, which functions as a giant touchscreen and interactive lesson display, and every student is provided with an iPad. The technology upgrades go hand-in-hand with new lesson plans, as vocabulary and directions of students' assignments will also change.
On Fridays following school, music teacher Amy Jo Mulvaney sponsors Sacred Heart's LEGO Club. Students from all grade levels are welcome to gather in the downstairs cafeteria and build age-appropriate projects. One group of students might work on constructing a crane; another carefully pieces together an aerodynamic plane.
And her role as music teacher is still vital.
Each classroom at Sacred Heart School is equipped with a Digital Board for interactive lessons.
Biava also stressed the importance of developing students' cooperation and social skills.
Like Mulvaney, Biava said that the new program will not exclude the arts or Catholic teaching – instead, Sacred Heart School will use the lesson plans to enhance students' learning in all subjects.
It was, after all, through Catholic universities that the scientific method was first developed. Major contributions and developments in genetics, astronomy, and computer science were fostered by monks, priests and nuns. Biava sees the implementation of the new curriculum at Sacred Heart School as another link in the longstanding relationship between faith and science.
Dr. Sullivan is pleased to see any school forge ahead with an enhanced STEAM curriculum.
And with the program officially underway, a visit to classrooms at Sacred Heart shows students and teachers alike embracing the curriculum. For Biava, it's a symbiotic embrace of the core concepts of Catholic education: faith and reason.


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Top Winter/Autumn Trending Fashion for Women
By Veronica Cruz Published Jul 1, 2019 at 23:13 PM GMT
Paris, New York, London, Milan conduct fashion weeks and provide the latest platforms for ladies' fashion styles and trends in different ways. Many brands introduce new clothing styles in these fashion weeks, during which public awareness of new products in the world of fashion grows.
Some women are attracted to certain types of brands, while other focus their attention on other labels. Consumer tastes vary during the year. Some styles sell well during the summer or autumn months, while others fare better during the winter season.
Neon Turtlenecks, Androgynous Style, Chunky Chain Necklaces, Personalized Hair Pins, Puffy Headbands, Dresses and Skirts Worn with Trousers, Snakeskin Footwear, robe dentelle, Tonal Dressing, Buckle Bags, Boiler Suits, Square Sunglasses, are examples of top winter, summer, spring and autumn fashion ideas which are popular among women.
Preferences among female consumers vary according to regions. What is popular in, for example, the United States, may not sell well in India. Other fashion items, however, sell well all over the world.
How to Inspire Women with Unique Fashion Ideas
What clothes to wear this season matters a great deal to most women. The best sources of information today regarding the latest trends and new and interesting items are online, i.e., on the Internet.
Teenagers' fashion preferences are different from those of adults and seniors. Teenage girls like, for example, minimalist watches, classic vintage transparent glasses, and heart embroidered socks. Like other consumer groups, teenage girls like to know what is new.
Young women wear shorts, wear half sleeves, jeans, stylish glasses. They use lightweight fabrics and choose 'unique' color-schemes. In this context, 'unique' means so that they can look different from their friends, colleagues, and other women in their community.
The Internet is full of interesting websites, such as https://www.floryday.com/fr/, which serve as useful sources of information and inspiration for the fashion-conscious consumer.
The Fashion Industry today
The fashion industry is a modern phenomenon. Before the mid-nineteenth century, most people made their clothes themselves or had them made by a tailor or dressmaker. There were no fashion companies like Chanel or Dior.
The rise of global capitalism, retail chains, and new technologies such as the sewing machine at the beginning of the twentieth century facilitated the creation of fashion companies. They first emerged in Europe and American, and then spread across the world.
Fashion trends today are influenced by movies, celebrities, the climate, and creative explorations. Social and technological changes are also factors.
Wearable tech, such as smart watches and smart jewelry are some of the most recent additions to the range of fashion items available today.
Smart clothes are conventional clothing items with modern technology in them. Some contain hardware that can connect to a smartphone. Some tracksuits today bathe the wearer's body. There are denim jackets that can track the owner's Uber. Snapchat sells smart glasses that take photos and video. They also have microphones for sound recording.


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WPP Makes Another Major Consolidation Move
by Steve McClellan @mp_mcclellan, February 27, 2018
Over the past year WPP has been busy consolidating some of its ad agency operations. While that effort may not be finished, the holding company has now merged two of its big PR shops-- Burson-Marsteller and Cohn & Wolfe -- to create Burson Cohn & Wolfe (BCW).
WPP says the combined agency is one of the world's largest PR networks, with expertise in digital and integrated communications, across all industry sectors.
The new agency will be led by CEO Donna Imperato, currently CEO of Cohn & Wolfe. Don Baer, Burson-Marsteller's worldwide chair and CEO, will become chairman of the combined firm and will focus on delivering what the agency calls "high-level counsel for Burson Cohn & Wolfe clients."
"Our decision to merge the two agencies is driven by strong, compatible capabilities and expertise, a combined ability to deliver integrated solutions across multiple sectors and the scale to compete with the largest communications agencies in the world," stated WPP CEO, Sir Martin Sorrell."
The move follows the consolidation of several advertising, branding and media agency units over the past year, most notably the meshing of two of WPP's biggest media shops — MEC and Maxus — now known as Wavemaker.
Last fall the holding company folded digital agency Rockfish into its larger sibling VML, and separately, combined five branding and design shops into a single operation called Superunion.
The moves come as most of the major holding companies have struggled to generate growth levels in the mid-single digits or higher as in years past.
In a recent investor note Pivotal Research senior analyst Brian Wieser noted: "The agency sector continues to face a wide range of challenges, most of which are surmountable. These include the difficulties facing core agency customers' businesses, like-for-like fee compression, maturation of digital media, in-housing of some creative and media functions and heightened contractual scrutiny in the wake of last year's reports on fee transparency."
Long term, Wieser added, "we continue to believe that the industry is durable." He recently downgraded the stocks of WPP, Interpublic and Publicis Groupe from "buy" to "hold" ratings.
agency, holding company, management, uk
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Gender-based violence or more specifically, violence against women and children, is one of the most pervasive forms of violence in the world today. It can include, but is not limited to, physical, sexual and psychological harm to the victim. The latter can take the form of intimidation, coercion or dependence on the family or society, among others.
This particular form of violence is prevalent across many cultures and societies, with no exceptions on age, social class, race or religion. The most common cause for such atrocities against women is the unequal relationship of power between men and women in any particular society. Pakistan, being a highly patriarchal society, is no exception. Numerous cases of violence against women are reported every year throughout the country, with an even larger number of such cases going unreported due to fear of harsh repercussions at the hands of family members or the community.
While the laws in Pakistan are (mostly) gender-neutral, it is tragic that their implementation with regards to crimes against women is colored by patriarchal prejudice.
TABAAN presents: #StopGBV a campaign based on real-life stories, which aims to highlight the gender-based oppression that has become a norm in Pakistan. This is not just a media campaign – it is a movement, encouraging women (and men) to raise their voices and speak up. You are not alone. Gender-based discrimination is not okay. Join us. Be part of the change.
© 2015 TABAAN | All Rights Reserved.


Mandy Fender allows you to fit Foldable, Mountain, Unisex or Fixie bike in 3 simple steps.
The Mandy Fender is the most versatile bike fender ever designed.It fits nearly every type of bike design: You no longer need a different bike fender for each bike you own.
The Mandy Fender comes with all the parts and tools you need. With a simple video tutorial and a clear instruction manual, anyone can install the Mandy Fender in 30 minutes or less.
Designed and made from bamboo, the Mandy Fender is light, durable and weather resistant. The mounting hardware consists of both 304 stainless steel and chrome-plated parts.
The standard width of the Mandy Fender is 45 mm. Are you a perfectionist? Do you want the specific width for your bike? Yes, it's possible by upgrading $10 – $30 for the exact size.
The Mandy Fender is made from a layer of memory film (patent pending) and laminated with two layers of bamboo veneers. After a five-minute application of hot air (from a hair dryer), it will keep its shape forever – or until it is reheated again to reshape to a different bike! As a result, the Mandy Fender fits on almost all bikes using the mounting hardware provided.


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