Halfway through Oliver Stone's "JFK," one of Jim Garrison's detectives, sitting in the fifth floor of the Texas Book Depository with a Mannlicher-Carcano 6.5 millimeter carbine, leans out the window, dry-fires once, awkwardly throws the bolt, fires again and then repeats the process for a third dry shot.
"It can't be done," he says to Kevin Costner. "No way he could fire three shots in 5.6 seconds."
In fact the belief that it is impossible to fire three shots from that rifle in 5.6 seconds, as the Warren commission maintained, is the very heart of conspiracy culture: It is the rock upon which the church is built. All other filigrees of paranoia extend radially from it: the magic-bullet theory, which explains the maximum damage done in the minimal time span, the belief that other shooters were involved, the idea that Lee Harvey Oswald was a patsy, manipulated by figures from the intelligence community or organized crime, on up to the politically-correct industry that has reached its apotheosis in the Stone film and convinced 77 per cent of the American public that a conspiracy existed.
Amazing how some lies persist, isn't it?
And not only is the assertion patently false, knowledge of its falsehood has been in the public record since 1977, where it was placed by, among others, the Baltimore Sun Magazine.
In May of 1977, the Sun Magazine published a fascinating two-part series by a great old-time newspaper reporter named Ralph Reppert, entitled "The Kennedy Assassination: A Different View." The story was based on extensive interviews Reppert held with a Towson gunsmith named Howard Donahue. Ralph has since died; Mr. Donahue continues to earn a living as a firearms consultant.
It was (and still is) Mr. Donahue's theory that in the frenzy of panic, John F. Kennedy had been accidentally shot in the head by one of his Secret Service bodyguards with a 5.56mm-16 rifle. Indeed, in the car behind Kennedy such a weapon was present, as a photo published in the Sun Magazine made clear.
The basis for Mr. Donahue's interpretation was that the bullet that hit Kennedy first and then Governor Connolly was largely intact -- as would a heavy, jacketed military 6.5mm round designed for penetration -- while the bullet that struck Kennedy in the head fragmented -- as would a light, high-velocity 5.56mm round. Mr. Donahue has other evidence to support his theory.
One may or may not agree with his thesis. But one may not disagree with the implications of a shooting exercise he took part in some years ago, an episode that initially interested him in the assassination. In 1967 was a volunteer shooter for a series of tests held by the H.P. White Ballistics Laboratory near Bel Air that turned out to be a re-enactment of the shooting problem of the Kennedy assassination for CBS news.
Thus it was that Mr. Donahue, a pretty fair country rifle shot but by no means a shooting champion, found himself 60 feet up in a jury-rigged wooden tower with a Mannlicher-Carcano, taking a bead through the four-power scope on a human silhouette moving before him at exactly the same angle and speed (11 miles an hour) that John Fitzgerald Kennedy had moved before Lee Harvey Oswald. How familiar was Mr. Donahue with the Mannlicher-Carcano? Not as familiar as Oswald. He'd first held it in his hands that morning.
Mr. Donahue jammed the rifle on his first try; on his second, he only got off two shots within 5.6 seconds, though both were hits.
"In my third series of three," he told Reppert, "I fired a split-second after the target passed the first stake [marking the beginning of the time sequence, something that Lee Harvey Oswald didn't have to worry about]. With my right hand, I hit the bolt handle to eject. It was stuck again.
"Realizing how little time I had, I hit the bolt with all the force possible, ejecting the empty. I felt more than half my time had passed when I slammed the bolt forward to insert the second time, picked up the target in the cross hairs, and fired.
"Even while the rifle was in its slight recoil, I brought up my right hand, hit the bolt to eject, slammed it forward to load, picked up the target and squeezed off my final shot.
"By the time I ejected the last shell, took off the sling and stood up, the target had been returned and was being examined. My three shots were hits, within a 3-inch circle in the central head area. I heard a technician at the base of the tower call out: 'We've got a good one! Four-point-eight seconds from first to last shot.' "
Even a second timing device measuring the event at 5.2 seconds still brought the shooting sequence to conclusion four-tenths of a second faster than Oswald's. Mr. Donahue hadn't simply matched Oswald, he had shot faster and better. And, just to make it more interesting, it was raining and the wind was blowing, swaying the tower.
Does this prove that Lee Harvey Oswald shot John Fitzgerald Kennedy? Of course not. But it does establish beyond a shadow of a doubt that any theory of the Kennedy assassination which extends from the supposition that it was physically impossible for a man to have fired that quickly and that accurately with that rifle is simply incorrect. It was possible and a good shot could bring it off with very little practice.
Of course those who believe in the conspiracy won't care. For them, the knowledge that Kennedy was murdered by a conspiracy, probably involving CIA, has taken on the force of religious faith; it occupies some zone beyond logic. In fact, for many of them, the lack of any physical evidence of a conspiracy is proof positive itself that a conspiracy exists.
But one Marylander squatting in a tower on a rainy afternoon proved that it could be done by a lone gunman.
Stephen Hunter is The Sun's film critic.


text:
Max Anstie continues his run of doubles at Lombardia
Just days after his attendance at the Team Green Try-out day, Max Anstie headed to take part in the Grand Prix of Lombardia – and he came away with yet another double win.
The 22-year-old Kawasaki rider rode to his second GP success in a row across the sand at Mantova and has now won eight of the last 12 motos – he's only been beaten once in the last three rounds when he crashed out while leading in the Czech Republic.
This now means that he's third in the FIM MX2 Motocross World Championship and 38 points from the red plate.
There are still 150 points up for grabs so Monster Energy DRT Kawasaki rider, Anstie is in with a chance of making a bid for the MX2 win.
Ross Burridge, Senior Racing and Marketing Co-ordinator, said: "It's fantastic that we're in with a shout of winning the MX2 Championship – especially as Max is performing so well in the British Championship too. Of course, we'd love both championships under our belt as it would highlight the hard work of the teams, riders and the KX machines.
"We support riders of all levels and to have a Team Green rider putting in such a fantastic performance, it's great inspiration to those riders who we support at a grassroots level too as it shows them what's possible."
The next round will be held at Assen for round 16 on Sunday 30 August.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


We have so many new and exciting clothing lines in the shop! These minimalist, unisex, fashion forward and unique lines make outfitting your little ones easier than ever.
Huxbaby is about minimalist fashions for kids with an adult level of style. Their designs blend super soft organic cotton with a clean aesthetic - clothes that allow kids to be kids without sacrificing style. Designed Australia.
Portage and Main is designed in Edmonton, Alberta where the items are also printed and manufactured. They import the majority of their materials from the USA from companies with ethical work practices. Their entire collection is designed with style and comfort in mind.
Little & Lively is created and designed in Abbotsford, BC by Carmen West. Working with a team of local experts and entrepreneurs, they produce ridiculously cute handmade clothing for your littles. Their fabric choices include gender-neutral basics, stylish geometrics and adorable novelty prints to ensure a collection that coordinates effortlessly and beautifully.
We all know and love the hand finished wood language blocks from Uncle Goose... but are you familiar with their oh so cute 4 packs of cubelings? Available in Farm, Sea, Pets, Safari and Baby- these are a great introduction set for you little ones or for nusery room decor!
Remember these? Ambi toys fit in perfectly with today's minimalist lines and fun features. They encourage hand-eye coordination, colour recognition, manual dexterity and drive imagination.
Be Brave. Be Bold. Have fun this season with prints and patterns on everything from your wet bag, your diaper bag and your accessories to your little one's clothing, diapers and accessories.


text:
Nueva Chontalpa är en ort i Mexiko.   Den ligger i kommunen Carmen och delstaten Campeche, i den sydöstra delen av landet,  km öster om huvudstaden Mexico City. Nueva Chontalpa ligger  meter över havet och antalet invånare är .

Terrängen runt Nueva Chontalpa är platt. Den högsta punkten i närheten är  meter över havet,  km öster om Nueva Chontalpa. Runt Nueva Chontalpa är det glesbefolkat, med  invånare per kvadratkilometer. Närmaste större samhälle är Licenciado Gustavo Díaz Ordaz,  km nordost om Nueva Chontalpa. Trakten runt Nueva Chontalpa består till största delen av jordbruksmark.

Savannklimat råder i trakten. Årsmedeltemperaturen i trakten är  °C. Den varmaste månaden är maj, då medeltemperaturen är  °C, och den kallaste är januari, med  °C. Genomsnittlig årsnederbörd är  millimeter. Den regnigaste månaden är juni, med i genomsnitt  mm nederbörd, och den torraste är april, med  mm nederbörd.

Kommentarer

Referenser

Orter i Campeche

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Graduate in Chemistry (Laurea), University of Sassari, 1998.
PhD in Chemistry, Dresden Technical University in December 2004.
Synthesis of amorphous/metastable alloys, nanostructured composites and hydrogen storage materials by non-equilibrium techniques (e.g. ball milling). Processing of materials for energy storage and magnetic applications. Characterization of powders by powder X-Ray diffraction analysis (lab source and Synchrotron radiation), Powder Neutron Diffraction, thermal analysis (DSC, TMA and TGA), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and H2 titration techniques.
Supervisor for the experimental work of internship students.


You most likely won't find "standing at the highest point in Thailand" on many bucket lists, though it's probably not unheard of. Should the idea pique your interest, however, take a jaunt over to Doi Inthanon National Park just southwest of Chiang Mai. By most accounts the area is, well, pretty tame (for instance, you reach the summit and its two adorning Chedis by car). Probe a little deeper, however, and you'll find some unique and rewarding excursions at your disposal.
There are multiple guided and unguided nature hikes available in Doi Inthanon, perhaps the coolest of which being those traversing the Mae Pan Waterfall loop and the trail to the beautiful limestone Brichinda Cave. These can usually be accomplished in no more than 3-4 hours, so those concerned about strenuous hiking can breathe easy. Camping in both tents and bungalows is permitted in several designated areas, offering excellent at-altitude vistas both day and night. The park is also fully facilitated, with information readily available at the main office, so getting in, out and around is a snap. Overall, it's an easy and enjoyable way to experience the top of Thai world.


text:
THE RWANDA ILLEGAL STAMPS
Information and Reference of illegal stamps for the Rwanda according to U.P.U. Circulars 39, 363, 354, 198, 252, 92, 128 and 19
RWANDA ILLEGAL STAMPS
Rwanda Illegal Stamps (This Page)
Rwanda Illegal Stamps Made in 1999-2002
Rwanda Illegal Stamps Made in 2005
UPDATE - The Rwanda Counterfeit Illegal Stamps section has been updated as of June 18, 2019 to show illegal stamps not described by the circulars of which there are hundreds. New pages have been added	which will be presented to the African nations as a case study to show just how bad the illegal stamp phenomena is and who is responsible for production and distribution.
The new link table above will get you to each new year page. This introductory page has been upgraded with the new table above and all the counterfeit illegal stamps described in the circulars are now upgraded for quality and shown on this page.
END UPDATE
On February 7, 2000 the postal administration for Rwanda by request to M.S. Raman (Assistant Director-General) posted to the Universal Postal Union a circular number 39 warning of the discovery of illegal stamps relating to butterflies being placed on the stamp market. This circular cannot be found on the UPU website by the general public anymore. The circular stated:
The postal administration of RWANDA asks me to inform you that an issue of postage stamps entitled "papillons" (butterflies) was illegally issued in 1999 in the name of Rwanda.
The postal administration of Rwanda specifies that only the "Mémoire du génocide rwandais" (Remembrance of the Rwandan Genocide) set was issued in 1999 and asks me to inform UPU member countries that all other stamps issued in 1999 are illegal and cannot be accepted as a means of postal prepayment.
M S RAMAN
Assistant Director-General
In September 2001 the postal administration for Rwanda by request to K.J.S. McKeown (Director of Communication and Postal Markets) posted to the Universal Postal Union a circular number 363 warning of the discovery of a massive number of illegal stamps relating to many topics being placed on the stamp market. This circular also cannot be found on the UPU website by the general public anymore. The circular stated:
The postal administration of RWANDA asks me to inform you of the following:
We would ask you to draw to the attention of all member countries of our Union, and all our philatelic partners within the World Association for the Development of Philately, the urgent need to take all possible steps to bring an end to the campaign of denigration and debasement to which not only our country but, as we have observed, numerous other countries are being subjected, in the form of the production and dissemination of illegal postage stamps. Such stamps are an offense to our country, to philately and to the Union as a whole.
Our administration has learned of the existence on the philatelic market of numerous series of miniature sheets of postage stamps with various designs, bearing the inscription "RWANDA". We wish to state that these postage stamps are illegal and have been issued without our knowledge. Their circulation has already done serious moral and economic harm to the Rwandan postal services, and continues to do so.
Following initial inquiries, we now have proof that a certain company registered in Belgium distributed the stamps in question. Legal action has already been initiated to trace the forgers and bring them to justice. Our efforts to trace the printers are continuing.
The most outrageous aspect for our country and our administration is the fact that certain miniature sheets illustrate pornographic scenes. This is all the more reprehensible in as much as it is prohibited to use the Post to convey pornographic materials. All these illegal stamps have been issued in contravention of the Universal Postal Convention (especially articles 6 and 25), its Letter Post Regulations and the legislation of the Republic of Rwanda.
The stamps have no postal prepayment value, and nor do they have any value for philatelists collecting our country's stamps. The existence of such postage stamps has discredited our postal service in the eyes of philatelists the world over.
Consequently, we would ask all postal administrations not to accept mail items bearing these illegal stamps, should they appear on correspondence reaching them from Rwanda. Such items should be returned to us.
We would also ask for extra vigilance on the part of all postal administrations, which are requested to pass on to us, and to the International Bureau, any information they may have regarding the distribution of such postage stamps within their country. Administrations are also asked to inform all their philatelic partners.
K.J.S. McKEOWN
Director of Communication and Postal Markets
Illegal postage stamps issued in miniature sheets, purportedly by the Republic of Rwanda
NB.– The values shown on the postage stamps that make up the miniature sheets described below are high in comparison with the basic postage rates in use in Rwanda. The high rates indicated are designed to deceive purchasers. Furthermore, the currency of Rwanda is the FRW, not the F as indicated.
1 & 2 Two miniature sheets comprising nine postage stamps illustrating various pornographic and erotic scenes. The values are in vertical columns of 100F, 200F and 300F.
3 One miniature sheet comprising nine postage stamps illustrating various models of double-decker buses. The values are in vertical columns of 100F, 200F and 300F.
4 One miniature sheet comprising six postage stamps illustrating various varieties of roses. The values are in vertical columns of 100F, 200F and 300F.
5 A miniature sheet comprising nine postage stamps illustrating various models of hot air balloons (including a dragon, a dinosaur, an elephant, a house and faces). The values are in vertical columns of 100F, 200F and 300F.
6 One miniature sheet comprising nine postage stamps illustrating various cars (old models). At the bottom of each postage stamp, there are lively crowd scenes. The values are in vertical columns of 100F, 200F and 300F.
7 One miniature sheet comprising nine postage stamps illustrating different views of a motorcycle in action during a race. The values are in vertical columns of 100F, 200F and 300F.
8 One miniature sheet comprising nine postage stamps illustrating trains (various models and views). These stamps are dated 1999 in the top left-hand corner. The values are in the top right-hand corner, in a horizontal sequence: 100F, 150F, 200F, 250F, 300F, 350F, 400F, 450F and 500F.
9 One miniature sheet comprising nine postage stamps commemorating the "Millennium" (at the top of the miniature sheet) and "Leaders of XI – XIXth Century" (at the bottom of the sheet). Each postage stamp illustrates a monarch or head of state from the 11th to 19th centuries. Each postage stamp identifies, on the left-hand side, in English text running vertically, the name of the historical figure and the century in question. The values are in vertical columns of 100F, 200F and 300F.
10 One miniature sheet comprising nine postage stamps commemorating the "Millennium" (at the top of the miniature sheet) and "Architecture of XI – XIXth Century" (at the bottom of the sheet), illustrating monuments and buildings from the 11th to 19th centuries. (Each postage stamp identifies, on the left-hand side, in English text running vertically, the name of the monument or building and the century in question). The values are in vertical columns of 100F, 200F and 300F.
11 One miniature sheet comprising nine postage stamps commemorating the "Millennium" (at the top of the miniature sheet) and "Art of XI – XIXth Century" (at the bottom of the sheet), illustrating various works of art from the 11th to 19th centuries. (Each postage stamp identifies, on the left-hand side, in English text running vertically, the name of the work of art and the century in question). The values are in vertical columns of 100F, 200F and 300F.
12 One miniature sheet comprising nine postage stamps commemorating the "Millennium" (at the top of the miniature sheet) and "famous people of XI – XIXth Century" (at the bottom of the sheet), illustrating various figures from the 11th to 19th centuries. (Each postage stamp identifies, on the left-hand side, in English text running vertically, the name of the event or historical figure and the century in question). The values are in vertical columns of 100F, 200F and 300F.
13 One miniature sheet comprising nine postage stamps commemorating the "Millennium" (at the top of the miniature sheet) and with the inscription "Music stars of XXth Century" (at the bottom of the sheet), illustrating various famous singers of the 20th century. The singer or group is identified in English, either with an inscription in English in the top left-hand corner, running vertically or horizontally, or with the reproduction of a poster or a record sleeve. The values are in vertical columns of 100F, 200F and 300F.
14 One miniature sheet comprising nine postage stamps commemorating the "Millennium" (at the top of the miniature sheet) and with the inscription "Movie stars of XXth Century" (at the bottom of the sheet); dated 1999 in the bottom left-hand corner, with the inscription "Senior" on the right. Various figures from American and French films (dead and alive) are illustrated with photographs. Each star is identified in English with an inscription in the top left-hand corner, running vertically. The values are in vertical columns of 100F, 200F and 300F.
15 One miniature sheet comprising nine postage stamps commemorating the "Millennium" (at the top of the miniature sheet) and with the inscription "Movie stars of XXth Century" (at the bottom of the sheet); dated 1999 in the bottom left-hand corner, with the inscription "Medium" on the right. Various figures from American films are illustrated with photographs. Each star is identified in English with an inscription in the top left-hand corner, running vertically. The values are in vertical columns of 100F, 200F and 300F.
16 One miniature sheet comprising nine postage stamps commemorating the "Millennium" (at the top of the miniature sheet) and with the inscription "Movie stars of XXth Century" (at the bottom of the sheet); dated 1999 in the bottom left-hand corner, with the inscription "Junior" on the right. Various figures from American films are illustrated with photographs. Each star is identified in English with an inscription in the top left-hand corner, running vertically. The values are in vertical columns of 100F, 200F and 300F.
17 One miniature sheet comprising nine postage stamps commemorating the "Millennium" (at the top of the miniature sheet) and with the inscription "Music stars of XXth Century" (at the bottom of the sheet); dated 1999 in the bottom left-hand corner, with the inscription "Medium" on the right. Various American singers are illustrated with photographs. Each star is identified in English with an inscription in the top left-hand corner, running vertically. The values are in vertical columns of 100F, 200F and 300F.
18 One miniature sheet comprising nine postage stamps commemorating the "Millennium" (at the top of the miniature sheet) and with the inscription "Music stars of XXth Century" (at the bottom of the sheet); dated 1999 in the bottom left-hand corner, with the inscription "Junior" on the right. Various American singers are illustrated with photographs. Each star is identified in English with an inscription in the top left-hand corner, running vertically. The values are in vertical columns of 100F, 200F and 300F.
19 One miniature sheet comprising nine postage stamps commemorating the "Millennium" (at the top of the miniature sheet) and with the inscription "Engines of XXth Century" (at the bottom of the sheet); dated 1999 in the bottom left-hand corner. Various means of transport are depicted in photographs. The particular vehicles are identified in English with an inscription in the top left-hand corner, running vertically. The values are in vertical columns of 100F, 200F and 300F.
20 One miniature sheet comprising nine postage stamps each featuring different positions in chess (at the bottom centre of the sheet); dated 1999 in the top left-hand corner. The values are in vertical columns of 100F, 200F and 300F. Note that a particular motif is reproduced on the upper and lower margins of each vertical column of postage stamps.
20a The same sheet as in 20, but with each postage stamp overprinted with a crown and an inscription in Russian.
21 One miniature sheet comprising six postage stamps illustrating various varieties of fungi. The values are in the top right-hand corner, in a horizontal sequence: 100F, 150F, 200F, 250F, 300F and 400F. Note that a particular motif is reproduced on the right and left margins of each horizontal row of postage stamps.
22 One miniature sheet comprising six postage stamps illustrating various breeds of cat. The values are in the top right- or left-hand corner, in a horizontal sequence: 100F, 200F, 300F, 400F, 500F and 600F. Note that a particular motif is reproduced on the right and left margins of each horizontal row of postage stamps.
23 One miniature sheet comprising nine postage stamps each illustrating a different butterfly. In the top left-hand corner, there is the Latin name of the butterfly, and in the bottom right-hand corner the year 1999. The values are in vertical columns of 100F, 200F and 300F.
In December 2001 the postal administration for Rwanda by request to K.J.S. McKeown (Director of Communication and Postal Markets) posted to the Universal Postal Union yet another circular number 504 warning of the discovery of another massive number of illegal stamps relating to many topics being placed on the stamp market. This circular also cannot be found on the UPU website by the general public anymore. The circular stated:
The postal administration of RWANDA asks me to inform you that its country continues to be denigrated and debased by the circulation of illegal postage stamps. It therefore asks me to draw the attention of all Union member countries and all philatelic partners to the fact that numerous postage stamps purporting to come from Rwanda continue to be produced and distributed.
The Rwandan postal administration has learned of the existence on the philatelic market of further sets of miniature sheets of postage stamps with various designs, bearing the inscription "RWANDA" (a list of those it has been able to identify is annexed). These stamps continue to do serious moral and economic harm to the country, its postal service and the Union as a whole.
It maintains that these postage stamps are illegal and were issued without its knowledge in contravention of articles 6 and 25 of the Universal Postal Convention, its Letter Post Regulations and the legislation of the Republic of Rwanda. These postage stamps have no value as collector's items or for postal prepayment.
The administration has proof that the distributors include companies based in Great Britain and Belgium and at least two Internet sites in the United States. This leads it to believe that the companies in question may be involved in producing the illegal stamps. Its efforts to track down the counterfeiters will continue, so that they can be brought to justice.
It calls for the cooperation of all postal colleagues in the countries in question to check this problem, particularly since the postal service appears to be the chosen method for ordering and receiving the illegal postage stamps. It also asks that the philatelic community and all collectors be warned not to buy these illegal miniature sheets, which discredit its postal service in the eyes of philatelists the world over.
Finally, the postal administration of Rwanda reiterates its request to all postal administrations to exercise increased vigilance and refuse mail items bearing these illegal stamps. It also asks them to inform their philatelic partners accordingly and to notify the Rwandan administration and the International Bureau of any information they may have concerning the distribution of such postage stamps in their country.
Director of Communications and Markets
NB - The values shown on the postage stamps that make up the miniature sheets described below are high in comparison with the basic postage rates in use in Rwanda. The high rates indicated are designed to deceive purchasers. Furthermore, the currency of Rwanda is the FRW, not the F as indicated.
1 A miniature sheet made up of three postage stamps, two of them identical, illustrating President Kennedy and President Lincoln, with the middle stamp showing a missile launch. The miniature sheet is entitled "SPACE KENNEDY" and includes images of space in the margins. The stamps have face values of 300 F and are arranged horizontally.
2 A miniature sheet comprising three postage stamps illustrating various scenes from the "Winnie the Pooh" children's stories. The miniature sheet is entitled "POOH" and includes other illustrations from the stories in the margins. The stamps have face values of 300 F and are arranged horizontally.
3 A miniature sheet comprising three postage stamps illustrating three sports car models. The miniature sheet is entitled "MODERN SPORT CARS" and includes an image of a larger car in the background. The stamps have face values of 300 F and are arranged horizontally.
4 A miniature sheet made up of three postage stamps, two of them identical, illustrating the late Diana, Princess of Wales, with the middle stamp showing Pope John Paul II. The miniature sheet is entitled "xx OF THE CENTURY" and includes the heads of various personalities in the margins. The stamps have face values of 300 F and are arranged horizontally.
5 A miniature sheet comprising three postage stamps illustrating pictures of the RMS TITANIC. The miniature sheet is entitled "TITANIC" and includes other pictures of the ship in the margins. The stamps have face values of 300 F and are arranged horizontally.
6 A miniature sheet made up of three postage stamps, two of them identical, illustrating the fairy story "Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs". The middle postage stamp shows a character. The miniature sheet is entitled "xx OF THE CENTURY" and includes the heads of various personalities unrelated to the fairy tale in the margins. The stamps have face values of 300 F and are arranged horizontally.
7 A miniature sheet comprising seven postage stamps illustrating various scenes of cowboys playing golf. The values are arranged vertically in columns of 100 F, 200 F and 300 F. The 200 F column contains a single postage stamp at the bottom, the two others forming a double se-tenant stamp without any text or numbers. The miniature sheet is entitled "COWBOY GOLFERS" and includes various scenes in the margins.
8 A miniature sheet comprising nine postage stamps illustrating various species of tropical fish. The values are arranged vertically in columns of 100 F, 200 F and 300 F. The miniature sheet features various aspects of underwater life in the margins.
9 A miniature sheet comprising nine postage stamps illustrating various species of orchids. The values are arranged vertically in columns of 100 F, 200 F and 300 F. The miniature sheet features various plants in the margins.
10 A miniature sheet comprising nine postage stamps illustrating various types of aircraft. The values are in vertical columns of 100F, 200F and 300F.
11 A miniature sheet comprising six postage stamps with various pictures of the American actress, Marilyn Monroe. The values are arranged vertically in columns of 100 F, 200 F and 300 F. The miniature sheet features other pictures of the actress. At the top of the sheet, in the middle, there is the inscription "Marilyn Monroe".
12 A second miniature sheet comprising six postage stamps with various pictures of Marilyn Monroe. The values are arranged vertically in columns of 100 F, 200 F and 300 F. The miniature sheet features other pictures of the actress. At the top of the sheet, in the middle, there is the inscription "Marilyn Monroe".
13 A miniature sheet comprising nine postage stamps illustrating various types of trains. The values are arranged vertically in columns of 100 F, 200 F and 300 F. The miniature sheet features various other pictures of trains in the margins. At the top of the sheet, in the middle, there is the inscription "Steam Trains".
14 A miniature sheet comprising nine postage stamps illustrating various paintings by Renoir. The values are arranged vertically in columns of 100 F, 200 F and 300 F. The miniature sheet features in the margins various other scenes from paintings. At the top of the sheet, in the middle, there is the inscription "RENOIR".
15 A miniature sheet comprising nine postage stamps illustrating various types of wild cat, in particular the leopard and lion. Each postage stamp has the letter "L" in a circle on the right-hand side. The values are arranged vertically in columns of 100 F, 200 F and 300 F. The miniature sheet features in the margins various other pictures of the same wild animals. At the top of the sheet, in the middle, there is an illegible inscription, which may be "Cats".
16 A miniature sheet comprising nine postage stamps illustrating various internationally known sporting personalities (golf, tennis, boxing, basketball, football and baseball). The values are in vertical columns of 100F, 200F and 300F. At the top of the sheet, in the middle, there is the inscription "MILLENIUM".
17 A miniature sheet comprising nine postage stamps illustrating various breeds of domestic dog, and more especially puppies of each breed. The values are arranged vertically in columns of 100 F, 200 F and 300 F. The miniature sheet features various other pictures of the same puppies in the margins. At the top of the sheet, in the middle, there is the inscription "Pedigree Puppies", and at the bottom there is the inscription "RWANDA".
NB - Miniature sheets Nos 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 are sold as perforate sheets, and are accompanied by the information that an imperforate version is available for twice the price of the perforate version!
These were posted before the WNS System was introduced and they hit many sets of illegal stamps. Many more illegal stamps were produced then and since the time they were written.
The following linked circulars have been posted since the initial 2001 circular and are similar in warning.
On October 13, 2003 the postal administration for Rwanda by request to K.J.S. McKeown (Director of Markets) posted to the Universal Postal Union another circular warning of the discovery of more illegal stamps created with their country name that are on the market. The circular is number 354. You can view the circular in its entirety in the PDF file I have linked here.
UPU Circular Number 354
The circular describes several sets that were found to be on the market dating 2003. I have imaged them on this page as well.
On June 25, 2007 the postal administration for Rwanda by request to K.J.S. McKeown (Director of Markets Development) posted to the Universal Postal Union yet another circular warning of the discovery of more illegal stamps created with their country name that are on the market. The circular is number 198. You can view the circular in its entirety in the PDF file I have linked here.
The circular does not describe any sets but instead denounces sets in general that are being sold and states the last issued set for Rwanda is the 2003 AIDS issue.
On November 16, 2009 the postal administration for Rwanda by request to K.J.S. McKeown (Director of Markets Development) posted to the Universal Postal Union yet another circular warning of the discovery of more illegal stamps created with their country name that are on the market. The circular is number 252. You can view the circular in its entirety in the PDF file I have linked here.
The circular describes illegal stamps dating 2003 and 2009. It again states the last issued set for Rwanda is the 2003 AIDS issue and this time adds that no stamps were issued in 2000 and 2001. I have posted images for them on this page.
On April 26, 2010 the postal administration for Rwanda by request to K.J.S. McKeown (Director of Markets Development) reposted to the Universal Postal Union yet another circular warning of the discovery of more illegal stamps created with their country name that are on the market. The circular is number 92. You can view the circular in its entirety in the PDF file I have linked here.
UPU Circular Number 92
The circulars description is the same as circular 252.
On August 20, 2012 the postal administration for Rwanda by request to K.J.S. McKeown (Director of Markets Development) posted to the Universal Postal Union yet another circular warning of the discovery of more illegal stamps created with their country name that are on the market. The circular is number 128. You can view the circular in its entirety in the PDF file I have linked here.
The circular describes that the Mountain Gorillas set and the Art and Culture set are posted on the WNS website and that all issues dating later are illegal stamps.
On January 30, 2017 the postal administration for Rwanda by request to Harald Weyerich (Acting Director of Logistics) posted to the Universal Postal Union yet another circular warning of the discovery of more illegal stamps created with their country name that are on the market. The circular is number 19. You can view the circular in its entirety in the PDF file I have linked here.
The circular describes that the Mountain Gorillas set and the Art and Culture sets are the last sets issued by Rwanda and that all issues dating later are illegal stamps.
It describes and images (first time usage of images) an illegal stamp set themed "Heroes of the Soviet Union". I have posted an image of it on this page as well.
Because of the fact that so many illegal stamps have been produced in the name of Rwanda, I will use this page only for reference to the above named illegal stamp issues less a couple I could not find in my searches on eBay and elsewhere for the years 1999-2000. Yes, they are still being offered and sold mainly by the same sellers who sell many other illegal stamps for other countries. Now in 2017 I would have to create probably 20 pages of images to show even a fraction of what these cons have created and are selling.
These sellers are named on my list of illegal stamp sellers and any new names, which I already have found to be true in a quick search, I discover to be selling these illegal stamps will be placed on the lists as well. Again I must stress, if the seller is on the list then you as a collector or dealer should avoid that seller and not buy anything from that seller even if the stamp is a legitimate one. Those who support the sale of these illegal stamps should be punished severely by cutting their sales of any stamps as a whole! They are not to be trusted in any way with regards to selling stamps.
All stamps of Rwanda dating from 2000 to 2017 except for the 2003 AIDS Prevention issue, the 2010 Mountain Gorillas issues and the 2010 Art and Culture of Rwanda issues are ILLEGAL STAMPS!! This is according to the Rwanda postal authorities and is confirmed by the U.P.U. WNS stamp website. The latest circular number 19 which has come out this year reaffirms this as fact!
It has been revealed that a dossier has been found in the United States Postal Museum Archive that sheds more light on who the producer was and is of many of the Rwanda counterfeit illegal stamps. The name revealed is indeed Mr. Juan Carlos Marino Montero president of Mayfair International Printing Company at the time. Also France Philatelie Limited and France Philatelie (2000) Limited which is where he distributed the counterfeits throughout the world with. I discovered this dossier exists through online research. Firstly here is an image of that discovery.
For years this guy spewed lies about the Feigenbaum's being evil and how he would have nothing to do with them. In reality through emails obtained and preserved through his own words it is now proven that they were (and still are) working together. A biography on this guy not only proves he was the president of the printing company that produced the majority of earlier illegal stamps but was also president of Urch Harris (wholesale) limited which was owned by the Feigenbaum's. Here is a snapshot of part of that biography which is readily available in numerous locations on the internet. You can see that all of the companies referenced are included as being run by this person.
Because of the Covid-19 pandemic the museum was closed for over a year after I discovered the existence of the dossier. It was just sent to me in September 2021. The dossier did not have much in it that I already did not know except for that circular 39 made for Rwanda is included in the dossier. What the dossier does do is to connect the guy to the production of the illegal stamps	in the name of Russian Federation provinces and territories, Mali, Niger, Morocco, Turkmenistan, Rwanda, Cyprus and the Ukraine. This is because the circulars and	some of the original documents that were sent to make the circulars are all together and included in the dossier which as the title shown above implies and	states "A French company has made illegal issue....".
It is quite obvious even though the counterfeit illegal stamps do not have the printer inscribed on them that this producer is indeed the one simply by comparing them. Same styles and subject matter give it away. The whole scam quite ingenious but at the same time quite simplistic. To this day the criminal producer and his buddies proliferate these counterfeits on the stamp market with minimal hindering. It is quite remarkable that they have been allowed to get away with this for over three decades now and that now millions of these counterfeits contaminate the stamp market in collections and dealers stocks all over the world.
The dossier establishes the fact that this guy is behind the production and distribution of the Rwanda counterfeit illegal stamps shown on this introduction page and the rest through 2013! As you will see this guy which I call the British producer (He is really from Argentina) has been highly involved in production of illegal stamps in the name of Rwanda throughout! Simply compare them with counterfeit illegal stamps made at the same time for countries like Niger or Mali which fully named this guy as the producer and distributor in their circulars and/or original documents found in the dossier.
Indeed the essence of Pure evil.
END 2021 UPDATE
In my research on what and who is selling these illegal stamps I was amazed at what is being sold on eBay alone! It is really a sad state of affairs that the stamp market is in when you can simply search on eBay for Rwanda stamps by practically any year such as "Rwanda 2011" and up to 100 lots of illegal stamps pop up! The illegal stamps described in these circulars and what are imaged on this page are still on the market today. They are available through private stamp dealers and their websites. They are available on eBay and Delcampe. They are everywhere! These illegal issues are fabrication of stamps that have never had any postal validity in Rwanda and have been denounced as fraudulent. They were and are created by certain greedy, unethical and immoral stamp dealers. Any stamp seller out there that offers these "stamps" either does not know they are illegal stamps or is deceitful and they should be avoided at	all costs. The deceitful ones prey upon unknowing collectors new and old. They prey upon topical collectors mostly because the majority do not have the knowledge that they are worthless in the stamp market. Some are quite obvious because they have hundreds of lots available on eBay and other public auction venues.
For years now there has been arguments as to whether these issues should be imaged for public viewing. The against argument being that collectors that see images of them will want them for their collections. We can see by the availability on the market and the sales generated that this argument has not worked. By only relying on descriptions of the illegal stamps through the UPU circulars the majority of collectors don't even know what they are.
I am a firm advocate against illegal stamps and the creators of them and the sellers of them. Perspective buyers of them need more than UPU circulars to be alerted to the problem. They need to see them and be able to recognize them when they are searching for stamps to buy on the internet or at stamp shows or buying from local dealers.
Because I am independent and run a site that is very public for collectors, I have decided that it is time for someone to display images of these illegal issues that have and are being reported to the UPU. The countries that are being victimized by these fraudulent printers need help and the UPU is not enough. It is up to you and me to get the word out and to let everyone know and understand about them since auction venues, stamp societies and catalogs seem to want to ignore the problem. Some who sell these fakes are large volume stamp dealers with supposed impeccable reputations. Some are in high positions in the stamp societies and in the auction venues. They in turn are avoiding the very problem by allowing these kind of sellers to peddle this junk because they also sell legitimate stamps on a large scale. The only way to stop the flow is to hit them where it hurts.
If they are selling this junk then avoid them!
Even if they have legitimate stamps for sale. Buy from sellers that do not have these in their offerings. If you are buying legitimate stamps from them you are still supporting the illegal stamp trade because they are supporting it. Tell them that you do not want to buy from them because they sell illegal stamps. There is no excuse to make them available to anyone.
The following images are of illegal stamps produced for Rwanda. Please remember that the producers of these illegal stamps are not only greedy, they are crude and sometimes disgusting which is the nature	of these people. For some countries a certain section of the circulars I will not publish because they are offensive to many. Any "stamp" with imagery of what is described in that section is obviously fake and the country would never approve of or promote such trash. If you like that stuff, buy a magazine and cut out the pictures. Both are worth the same.
If you don't want to take my word for it, simply do the research yourself which you should be doing before purchasing any stamps these days!
Forgeries, reprints, tampered with and these illegal stamps plague the market now. It is your responsibility to know what you are buying and from whom. You can only protect yourself if you take the time to do the research before making that purchase.
To find out what stamps are real and legitimate for Rwanda from 2002 until now, visit the UPU WNS website and look at the Rwanda section.
The Universal Postal Union WNS website
You will find that only 3 sets of stamps have been officially issued by Rwanda since 1999! Everything else out there dating from 1999 until now are fake illegal stamps!
Or use a respectable catalog like Scott or Stanley Gibbons. Do not listen to these dealers trying to convince you they are something other than illegal stamps. Catalogs like Michel and Yvert appear to have been influenced by the sellers of illegal stamps getting some listed in their catalogs. Sorry to say but they are betraying the honor and trust of the stamp collecting community by allowing these criminals to influence them.
All imaged illegal stamps are proven to be just that because they are described by the above circulars and are not listed in major catalogs.
Some of the following illegal stamps can be found as imperforates. Some even exist on fake First Day Covers!
Most times now (2017) the souvenir sheet sets and sheetlet sets are sold individually. In many cases the stamps have been removed from the sheetlets and souvenir sheets and sold individually. Sellers of many do not tell you the year of issue. All of these "tactics" are used to avoid detection by UPU circular descriptions.
Sellers that call these "private", "locals", "Cinderella's", "unauthorized" are deceiving you. They are illegal stamps produced by a stamp dealer that is bent on ripping you off! Some sellers state "we offer them because they are on the market". Well how about you use a different dealer because that seller is "on the market"? If the stamp societies, auction sites and all other venues kicked these sellers off of their sites then they would have to comply or lose their ability to sell anything.
The following images are free for the use of all to use to alert the public to them. If anyone wants to make a public list of users on eBay, Delcampe and elsewhere who are selling these issues....fine by me since the UPU, PWMO and others appear to have given up or have not been updated in years.
If you have purchased any of these stamps from a dealer or if that dealer offers them, you should avoid that dealer! You will only be supporting illegal stamp makers who are only ripping you off. For Rwanda this means any dealer selling Rwanda stamps dating later than 1999 unless it is the official stamp sets described above and in the latest UPU circulars.
I present the 1999-2000 illegal stamps described in circular 363. There are many more from that time that were not caught by the Rwanda post and are not imaged here. Use the major stamp catalogs for pre-1999 stamps to see if what you are interested in is real. Most public libraries will have a set or have access to them.
Pages I have added in 2019 will show you those counterfeits and many, and I mean many more.
I note for Rwanda that the problem has become much worse since 2000 onward as you can and will see on the following pages. The dealers and producers have become quite emboldened since nobody has done anything to take legal action against them. Quite a few large volume dealers would disappear if the auction venues like eBay and Delcampe were to follow policy and remove their accounts for this fraudulent activity.
It all started in this year for Rwanda as the above circulars show. A huge production of these fake stamps occurred and there are now many victims of these criminals. The same producers of these fake stamps produced the illegal stamps for the other countries I have posted. You can see they are all similar in design. Hopefully these pages will influence collectors and non-collectors to avoid purchasing these and in turn avoid purchasing anything from these sellers of which some have already made their fortune selling this junk.
The unsavory Pornographic issues described in the circular will not be shown. Stamps like those are obviously never legal stamps in any sense of the word.
At the bottom I will post images of the three legitimate stamp sets that Rwanda has issued. It is a bit disconcerting to me because in the 1980's and such the stamp printer I have and am researching (The Format International Security Printers) produced several sets for Rwanda that prove to be quite popular.
The following imaged illegal stamps are in order with the circulars descriptions. All of these can be found on the Stampdile/Avion Stamps websites which have one of the largest selections of illegal stamps in the world. The images I obtained here were readily available on eBay and Delcampe.
From Circular 363.
2000 Double-decker Buses Illegal Stamp Souvenir Sheet of Nine
2000 Roses Illegal Stamp Souvenir Sheet of Six
2000 Air Balloons Illegal Stamp Souvenir Sheet of Nine
2000 Old Cars Illegal Stamp Souvenir Sheet of Nine
2000 Racing Motorcycles Illegal Stamp Souvenir Sheet of Nine
1999 Trains Illegal Stamp Souvenir Sheet of Nine
Millenium Series
1999 Millenium Leaders Illegal Stamp Souvenir Sheet of Nine
1999 Millenium Architecture Illegal Stamp Souvenir Sheet of Nine
1999 Millenium Art Illegal Stamp Souvenir Sheet of Nine
1999 Millenium Famous People Illegal Stamp Souvenir Sheet of Nine
1999 Millenium Music Stars Senior Illegal Stamp Souvenir Sheet of Nine
1999 Millenium Movie Stars Senior Illegal Stamp Souvenir Sheet of Nine
1999 Millenium Movie Stars Medium Illegal Stamp Souvenir Sheet of Nine
1999 Millenium Movie Stars Junior Illegal Stamp Souvenir Sheet of Nine
1999 Millenium Music Stars Medium Illegal Stamp Souvenir Sheet of Nine
1999 Millenium Music Stars Junior Illegal Stamp Souvenir Sheet of Nine
1999 Millenium Engines Illegal Stamp Souvenir Sheet of Nine
1999 Chess Illegal Stamp Souvenir Sheet of Nine
1999 Chess with Crown Overprint and Russian Inscriptions Illegal Stamp Souvenir Sheet of Nine
1999 Mushrooms Fungi Illegal Stamp Souvenir Sheet of Six
1999 Cats Illegal Stamp Souvenir Sheet of Six
The circular describes this souvenir sheet properly except the values are all in the top right-hand corner of the stamps and there is no motif on the margins.
1999 Butterflies Illegal Stamp Souvenir Sheet of Nine
2000 Space Kennedy Illegal Stamp Souvenir Sheet of Three
2000 Winnie the Pooh Illegal Stamp Souvenir Sheet of Three
2000 Modern Sports Cars Illegal Stamp Souvenir Sheet of Three
2000 Princess Diana Illegal Stamp Souvenir Sheet of Three
2000 Titanic Illegal Stamp Souvenir Sheet of Three
2000 Snow White Illegal Stamp Souvenir Sheet of Three
2001 Cowboy Golfers Illegal Stamp Sheet of Seven
2001 Tropical Fish Illegal Stamp Souvenir Sheet of Seven
2000 Orchids Illegal Stamp Souvenir Sheet of Six
This was wrongly described in the circular as a sheet of nine.
2000 Aircraft Fighter Jets Illegal Stamp Sheet of Nine
2000 Marilyn Monroe Illegal Stamp Souvenir Sheets of Six
2000 Steam Trains Illegal Stamp Sheet of Nine
2000 Paintings Renoir Illegal Stamp Sheet of Nine
2000 Big Cats Illegal Stamp Sheet of Nine
The circular states the the words "Big Cats" is illegible. At the time images were not good on the internet so it was probably a blurry image they were viewing at the time.
1999 Millenium Sports Stars Illegal Stamp Sheet of Nine
2000 Dogs Illegal Stamp Sheet of Nine
2003 Mother Teresa and Pope John Paul Illegal Stamp Souvenir Sheet of Two
2003 The Wildlife Trusts Snakes Illegal Stamp Souvenir Sheet of One
2003 The Wildlife Trusts Snakes Illegal Stamp Souvenir Sheetlet of Six
2003 Pope John Paul II Souvenir Sheet of 9
2003 Pope John Paul Illegal Stamp Souvenir Sheets of One
2009 Minerals and Sea shells Illegal Stamp Souvenir Sheet of Four
The reference to Adamite and Prehnite show us that at the time the postal authorities only had the two stamps as examples. Obviously they were taken from this souvenir sheet.
Full images of the counterfeit illegal stamps that are shown and described in circular 19 can be found on the 2016 page. They are being produced and distributed by a Russian based producer at present time.
Here are images of the official stamps of Rwanda. All other "stamps" offered on the market for the years 2000 through the present time (June 2019) are illegal stamps that are created by stamp dealers to rip you off!!
2003 AIDS Prevention for Children Official Stamp Set
2010 Mountain Gorillas Official Stamp Set
2010 Art and Culture of Rwanda Official Stamp Set
References taken from:
U.P.U. Circular Nos. 39, 363, 504, 354, 198, 252, 92, 128, 19
WNS System
Major Online Catalogs
Major Stamp Catalogs
Visit Illegal Stamps Introduction
UPDATED LAST ON: 20-Sep-2021 03:39 AM


text:
Understanding How Google Measures Store Visits
September 26, 2017 March 7, 2019 by Damian Rollison
At the LSA Place conference in New York last week, Google's Kishore Kanakamedala, director of online-to-offline solutions, offered a rare glimpse into the procedure Google uses to link online ads to offline store visits.
Since the launch of store visit metrics in late 2014, Google has occasionally pulled back the covers to discuss how attribution works, and the presentation was a welcome update, touching on the steady growth of the dataset and the addition of new techniques such as machine learning.
Google has collected data on more than 7 billion store visits in 19 countries, up from 4 billion as reported in March. Even though ecommerce is growing and brick and mortar retail is arguably in the midst of a slow decline, 90% of consumer dollars are still spent in physical stores, and the intent of Google's store visits data is to help demonstrate the efficacy of multiple online touchpoints that might drive consumers from their laptop, tablet, or phone into a store.
With 3 in 4 mobile searchers visiting a store within 24 hours of searching, Google recognizes that consumers who search locally have a high likelihood of converting. Expanding upon this, the company believes that any incentive with a local hook should be measured by its ability to bring customers into stores.
Google places great value in consumers who view local ads, claiming that such consumers are 40% more valuable overall than people who just walk into a store without viewing an ad, and 25% more likely to make a purchase in the store. Attribution measures store visits linked to search ads, Maps ads, display advertising, Google Shopping results, and as of a couple of weeks ago, local ads on YouTube.
Attribution metrics can help measure the return on investment for advertising campaigns run by local stores or multilocation brands, and can also be used by manufacturers, who can employ affiliate location extensions to track visits to stores that carry the manufacturer's products.
Using the same technology that underlies Google Maps, Google has measured the coordinates and geometries of "a couple hundred million buildings in the world," according to Kanakamedala. The combination of Google Earth data, Street View data, and in-store Wi-Fi scans allows Google to pinpoint whether a user is in a store or outside right next to it. Google now understands the borders between stores with a high degree of confidence.
This confidence is in large part due to what Kanakamedala referred to as Google's "upgrade from shallow learning to deep learning," which, he said, has given the attribution algorithm the ability to train on very large datasets. Google ingests and correlates a wide combination of data points to derive attribution, including GPS signals, cell tower signals, Wi-Fi strength signals, location history, visit duration data, search query data, and Bluetooth beacon signals.
Google uses machine learning to reduce noise in the data. For example, a user who passes through a store on the way to the parking lot and only spends one minute inside should not be counted as a visitor, and neither should an employee who spends hours there. Kanakamedala suggested that Google has gotten better over time at detecting such outlier conditions and training the system to recognize the distinguishing characteristics of legitimate visits.
Google says that all of this visit data is fully anonymized, with no data on individual users making its way into the aggregate visit metrics. Regardless, users who don't want to be included in attribution metrics can opt out by turning off location sharing.
To confirm the findings of its primary data sources, Google makes use of a panel of more than 1 million users who have opted to share their full location history. Ground-truth data from these users helps to verify and improve the results derived from other signals.
With the expansion to local YouTube ads, attribution now covers a broad range of advertising touchpoints. Consumers may, in fact, be encountering a brand in a variety of ways before a visit occurs, and Google has begun measuring the amplifying effect of local ads viewed in succession.
As valuable as attribution data can be for advertising, I find the broader applications of the technology to be of even greater interest in the long term. Advertisements are only one of the many properties in the Google ecosystem that could be correlated with visits to physical locations. The applications for this data will undoubtedly continue to grow.
Tags: Google LSA Place conference store visits
Damian Rollison
Damian Rollison is Director of Market Insights at SOCi.
Street Fight Daily: Facebook Wants Brands on Messenger, Adobe Courts Retailers
Where Will VR Fit Into Local Advertising? Part II


text:
Home Advertising Study: Dot-Coms Should Make Cuts in Operations, Not Marketing
Study: Dot-Coms Should Make Cuts in Operations, Not Marketing
By Christopher Saunders | January 24, 2001
Dot-coms seeking to become profitable should focus on cutting operating costs instead of sales and marketing costs, according to a new study released Wednesday by New York-based consultancy Getzler & Company
Getzler, which specializes in corporate restructuring, studied some 190 tech companies, and compared the second and third quarter performance of firms that cut marketing costs with firms that cut operations costs.
Surprisingly, from the second to the third quarter, the firm said average losses remained constant at companies that cut operations costs -- but more than doubled at firms that cut marketing costs. That might come as a shock to many restructuring firms, which typically cut marketing, advertising and public relations staffs and budgets when looking to shave costs.
"While sales growth among the two groups remained approximately the same, there was a dramatic difference in profitability," said Getzler & Company vice president Brian Mittman. "These results indicate that marketing costs remain a far greater driver of profitability for dot-coms than operations costs."
It's not all bad news for the Internet industry. During the third quarter, the industry maintained healthy revenue growth -- more than 50 percent annually -- while making some progress in reducing operating losses.
Roughly 40 percent of the firms in the study underwent restructuring during the third quarter, up from 27 percent during the second quarter, with restructuring being defined as job cuts, significant management overhaul, and consolidating lines of business. Of the 190 firms in the study, the average firm lost $12.8 million on $25 million in sales during the third quarter, up from losses of $13.4 million on second-quarter sales of $22 million.
Nevertheless, Getzler's Mittman remains cautious.
"The bottom line is that virtually all dot-coms are still losing money. The ratio of their losses to sales remains high, and though losses are narrowing, it's not happening fast enough," said Mittman. "At that rate of improvement, in the current market environment, most firms won't be around long enough to become profitable."
The Getzler study pegged companies like Priceline.com and Buy.com as companies unlikely to turn around anytime soon. Both came close to profitability, but saw sales drop in the third quarter.
More likely success stories, according to the firm, include companies like financial information provider Multex.com, online real estate broker Homestore.com, and B2B community operator VerticalNet. The three companies had losses less than 9 percent of their revenue. And those losses were down from second quarter, while quarterly revenues were up by at least 20 percent.
The study also highlighted a number of firms whose financial performance was particularly poor, especially in contrast to traditional firms.
"We saw certain firms which had, according to traditional metrics, absurd performance. Companies like estamp, Stamps.com, and quepasa, whose marketing budget alone was as much as seven times their sales levels," Mittman said. "Such firms ranked among the worst in their prospects for becoming profitable and for their proportion of expenses to sales."
The study also highlighted firms that, despite making sizable increases in their sales, ad and marketing efforts, still experienced dropoffs in sales. Those included high-profile financial Web site TheStreet.com and online community play TheGlobe.com.


Developed by Shure with Rycote?, the A83-FUR Windjammer? is a high-quality synthetic fur cover that fits snugly over the foam windshield and provides an additional 25 dB of wind noise reduction.
Works with VP83 and VP83F LensHopper? microphones.


The SKWAWKBOX earlier featured a deeply-moving, candid moment as Jeremy Corbyn was captured hugging a young Grenfell marcher – and the immediate attempt of Tory bots and (probably paid) trolls to dismiss the powerful, dangerous image as staged.
Ms Lee understands loss. Her account trumps any Tory cynicism.
← Some idiots think Corbyn's #Grenfell hug staged. Their problem is, here's May..
You can't manufacture a sense of humanity. Theresa May proves that. Jeremy just radiates it naturally.
It's so good that so many cameras were on hand to capture this event for posterity. What's the point in mourning if the pics don't get shared on Twitter!
to have ever been a Labour leader .
I really hope that he becomes PM and the sooner the better..
What finer Leader could Socialists wish for.


Everyone brought a piece of fruit and took home a different piece of fruit brought by a fellow yogi.
Fruits shared included pomegranates, passionfruit, gooseberries, spinach, walnuts, pecans, almonds, hazelnuts, brazil nuts, raisins, apples, grapes, physalis, pineapple, oranges and strawberries.
Congratulations to Maxine on her one year veganniversary- Maxine went vegan on International Yoga Day 2016 and remains vegan on International Yoga Day 2017!


text:
Along that same vein, in August 2013, reports about a new health scare involving Van Dyke were circulating worldwide. According to reports, a sports car that Van Dyke was operating on L.A.'s 101 Freeway suddenly burst into flames on August 19, leaving the actor trapped inside the burning vehicle until a passing motorist who had witnessed the accident could come to his aid. Thanks to the passerby, Jason Pennington, Van Dyke left the scene of the accident unscathed—not only did the actor walk away uninjured and needing no medical treatment, he did not receive a citation for the incident, according to The Associated Press. According to some reports, Van Dyke had reported engine trouble with the vehicle the previous day, on August 18.
Van Dyke is the recipient of five Primetime Emmys, a Tony, and a Grammy Award, and was inducted into the Television Hall of Fame in 1995.[1] He received the Screen Actors Guild's highest honor, the SAG Life Achievement Award, in 2013.[2] He has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at 7021 Hollywood Boulevard and has also been recognized as a Disney Legend.[3]
Van Gogh made several painting excursions during visits to the landscape around Arles. He made paintings of harvests, wheat fields and other rural landmarks of the area, including The Old Mill (1888); a good example of a picturesque structure bordering the wheat fields beyond.[116] At various points, Van Gogh painted the view from his window – at The Hague, Antwerp, and Paris. These works culminated in The Wheat Field series, which depicted the view from his cells in the asylum at Saint-Rémy.[256]
Theo criticised The Potato Eaters for its dark palette, which he thought unsuitable for a modern style.[206] During Van Gogh's stay in Paris between 1886 and 1887, he tried to master a new, lighter palette. His Portrait of Père Tanguy (1887) shows his success with the brighter palette, and is evidence of an evolving personal style.[207] Charles Blanc's treatise on colour interested him greatly, and led him to work with complementary colours. Van Gogh came to believe that the effect of colour went beyond the descriptive; he said that "colour expresses something in itself".[208][209] According to Hughes, Van Gogh perceived colour as having a "psychological and moral weight", as exemplified in the garish reds and greens of The Night Cafe, a work he wanted to "express the terrible passions of humanity".[210] Yellow meant the most to him, because it symbolised emotional truth. He used yellow as a symbol for sunlight, life, and God.[211]
BIBSYS: 90062600 BNE: XX888249 BNF: cb11927591g (data) BPN: 32545490 GND: 118540416 ISNI: 0000 0001 2095 5689 KulturNav: 2192c545-cc43-43b4-8abd-1cd22af701dc LCCN: n79022935 NDL: 00441120 NKC: jn20000601950 NLA: 35130087 RKD: 32439 RSL: 000083033 ICCU: IT\ICCU\CFIV\038247 SELIBR: 188359 SNAC: w60g3k35 SUDOC: 027176207 ULAN: 500115588 VIAF: 9854560 WorldCat Identities (via VIAF): 9854560
Poverty may have pushed Sien back into prostitution; the home became less happy and Van Gogh may have felt family life was irreconcilable with his artistic development. Sien gave her daughter to her mother, and baby Willem to her brother.[78] Willem remembered visiting Rotterdam when he was about 12, when an uncle tried to persuade Sien to marry to legitimise the child.[79] He believed Van Gogh was his father, but the timing of his birth makes this unlikely.[80] Sien drowned herself in the River Scheldt in 1904.[81]
In 2015 the company paid out $2.5 million dollars in free furniture to 3000 customers after a promotion that gave away the purchases of customers if it snowed three inches each in the cities of Toledo, Fort Wayne, and Chicago.[21][22] In 2016, Art Van replaced its regional Super Bowl advertisements in the Detroit and Grand Rapids areas with a thank you message for donors of water to Flint, Michigan, which the company had solicited through its charitable programs.[23]


The net neutrality has officially been rolled back; Net neutrality laws, formulated in 2015 under Barack Obama's tenure had made the internet providers to treat all the websites equally. The net neutrality protection was voted to be rolled back by Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in December.
So, what exactly is Net Neutrality? Net neutrality is a set of rules to ensure equal access to all websites and does not allow any preferential treatment to a certain website, or doesn't let the service providers discriminate on the basis of user, content, platform, applications or charge differently. These rules prevented things like blocking, throttling, and prioritizing companies depending on how much they pay.
The existing standard, according to FCC ends the innovation and doesn't let the internet providers experiment with different business models. It is killing the competition as argued by FCC. "Network investments fell by billions of dollars", wrote Ajit Pai, FCC Chairman in a column. According to the Commission, the repeal does away with "unnecessary" regulations and brings regulations that make more sense.
The repeal has not yet come into effect as the internet providers need to conform to the regulations for paid prioritization. So, how these new regulations are going to affect the user? Certain types of content can now be blocked by the internet service providers without any legal issues, and the cost of web access and subscriptions can skyrocket. While this move is supported by the telecom industries, it has faced resistance from others.


text:
<?php
/**
 * @Author: Leandro Henrique Reis <emtudo@gmail.com>
 * @Date:   2016-05-13 08:02:16
 * @Last Modified by:   Leandro Henrique Reis
 * @Last Modified time: 2016-06-04 19:59:00
 */

namespace Domain\Employee\Http;

use App;
use App\Exceptions\RepositoryException;
use Domain\Employee\Employee;
use Domain\Employee\EmployeeRepository;
use Domain\Employee\EmployeeService;
use Domain\Employee\Http\Requests\StoreRequest;
use Domain\Employee\Http\Requests\UpdateRequest;
use Domain\User\User;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\DatabaseTransactions;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\WithoutMiddleware;
use Illuminate\Pagination\LengthAwarePaginator;
use Mockery as m;

class EmployeeControllerTest extends \TestCase
{
    use DatabaseTransactions,
        WithoutMiddleware;

    public function test_index_returns_employees()
    {
        factory(Employee::class)->create();

        $controller = App::make(EmployeeController::class);
        $employees = $controller->index();

        $this->assertInstanceOf(LengthAwarePaginator::class, $employees);
        $this->assertInstanceOf(Employee::class, $employees->first());
    }

    public function test_index_returns_employees_by_get()
    {
        Employee::where('id', '>=', 1)->delete();
        $employees = factory(Employee::class, 3)->create();

        $this->get('api/v1/employee');
        $this->seeStatusCode(200);

        foreach ($employees as $employee) {
            $this->seeJson(['name' => $employee->name]);
        }
    }

    public function test_show()
    {
        $model = m::mock(Employee::class);

        $repo = m::mock(EmployeeRepository::class);
        $repo
            ->shouldReceive('get')
            ->once()
            ->andReturn($model);

        App::instance(EmployeeRepository::class, $repo);

        $controller = App::make(EmployeeController::class);
        $get = $controller->show(1);

        $this->assertInstanceOf(Employee::class, $get);
    }

    public function test_show_real()
    {
        $employee = factory(Employee::class)->create();

        $controller = App::make(EmployeeController::class);
        $get = $controller->show($employee->id);

        $this->assertInstanceOf(Employee::class, $get);
        $this->assertEquals($get->id, $employee->id);
    }

    public function test_show_by_get()
    {
        $employee = factory(Employee::class)->create();

        $this->get('api/v1/employee/'.$employee->id)
            ->seeStatusCode(200);

        $this->seeJson(['name' => $employee->name]);
    }

    public function test_store()
    {
        $model = m::mock(Employee::class);
        $request = m::mock(StoreRequest::class);

        $request->shouldReceive('all')
            ->once()
            ->andReturn([]);

        $service = m::mock(EmployeeService::class);

        $service
            ->shouldReceive('store')
            ->once()
            ->andReturn($model);

        App::instance(StoreRequest::class, $request);

        $controller = App::make(EmployeeController::class);

        $employee = $controller->store($request, $service);
        $this->assertInstanceOf(Employee::class, $employee);
    }

    public function test_store_by_post()
    {
        $username = uniqid();

        $employee = [
            'name' => 'Funcionário x',
            'sex' => 'male',

            'user' => [
                'username' => $username,
                'password' => $username,
                'email' => $username.'@gmail.com',
            ],
        ];

        $this->post('api/v1/employee/', $employee);

        $this->seeStatusCode(200);

        $this->seeJson([
            'name' => 'Funcionário x',
            'sex' => 'male',
            'username' => $username,
        ]);

        $employee = $this->response->original;

        $this->assertInstanceOf(Employee::class, $employee);
        $this->assertInstanceOf(User::class, $employee->user);
        $this->assertEquals($employee->user->owner_id, $employee->id);
        $this->assertEquals($employee->user->owner_type, get_class($employee));
        $this->seeInDatabase('employees', ['id' => $employee->id]);
        $this->seeInDatabase('users', ['id' => $employee->user->id]);
    }

    public function test_store_failed()
    {
        $request = m::mock(StoreRequest::class);
        $request->shouldReceive('all')
            ->once()
            ->andReturn([]);

        $error = m::mock(RepositoryException::class);
        $this->setExpectedException(RepositoryException::class);
        $service = App::make(EmployeeService::class);

        App::instance(StoreRequest::class, $request);

        $controller = App::make(EmployeeController::class);
        $controller->store($request, $service);
    }

    public function test_update_by_put()
    {
        $employee = factory(Employee::class)->create();
        $user = factory(User::class)->create([
            'owner_id' => $employee->id,
            'owner_type' => get_class($employee),
        ]);

        $data = [
            'name' => 'Funcionário x',
            'sex' => $employee->sex,
            'user' => [
                'username' => $employee->user->username,
                'email' => $employee->user->email,
            ],
        ];

        $this->put('api/v1/employee/'.$employee->id, $data);
        $this->seeStatusCode(200);

        $this->seeJson(['name' => 'Funcionário x']);
        $this->assertInstanceOf(Employee::class, $this->response->original);
        $this->seeInDatabase('employees', ['id' => $this->response->original->id]);
    }

    public function test_update_failed()
    {
        $request = m::mock(UpdateRequest::class);

        $request->shouldReceive('all')
            ->once()
            ->andReturn([]);

        $this->setExpectedException(RepositoryException::class);

        App::instance(UpdateRequest::class, $request);
        $controller = App::make(EmployeeController::class);
        $service = App::make(EmployeeService::class);

        $controller->update($request, $service, 1);
    }

    public function test_delete()
    {
        $repo = m::mock(EmployeeRepository::class);
        $repo
            ->shouldReceive('delete')
            ->once()
            ->andReturn(true);

        App::instance(EmployeeRepository::class, $repo);

        $controller = App::make(EmployeeController::class);
        $delete = $controller->destroy(1);

        $this->assertTrue($delete);
    }

    public function test_delete_real()
    {
        $employee = factory(Employee::class)->create();

        $controller = App::make(EmployeeController::class);
        $delete = $controller->destroy($employee->id);

        $this->assertEquals(1, $delete);
    }

    public function test_delete_by_delete()
    {
        $employee = factory(Employee::class)->create();

        $this->delete('api/v1/employee/'.$employee->id);

        $this->seeStatusCode(200);

        $this->assertEquals(1, $this->response->original);
        $this->seeInDatabase('employees', ['id' => $employee->id]);
        $this->notSeeInDatabase('employees', ['id' => $employee->id, 'deleted_at' => null]);
    }

    public function test_delete_failed()
    {
        $controller = App::make(EmployeeController::class);
        $delete = $controller->destroy(0);

        $this->assertEquals(0, $delete);
    }

    public function test_force_delete()
    {
        $repo = m::mock(EmployeeRepository::class);
        $repo
            ->shouldReceive('forceDelete')
            ->once()
            ->andReturn(true);

        App::instance(EmployeeRepository::class, $repo);

        $controller = App::make(EmployeeController::class);
        $forceDelete = $controller->forceDelete(1);

        $this->assertEquals(1, $forceDelete);
    }

    public function test_force_delete_by_delete()
    {
        $employee = factory(Employee::class)->create();

        $this->delete('api/v1/trashed/employee/'.$employee->id);

        $this->seeStatusCode(200);

        $this->assertEquals(1, $this->response->original);
        $this->notSeeInDatabase('employees', ['id' => $employee->id]);
    }

    public function test_force_delete_real()
    {
        $employee = factory(Employee::class)->create();

        $controller = App::make(EmployeeController::class);
        $forceDelete = $controller->forceDelete($employee->id);

        $repo = App::make(EmployeeRepository::class);

        $this->setExpectedException(RepositoryException::class);

        $get = $repo->withTrashed()->get($employee->id);
    }

    public function test_force_delete_failed()
    {
        $controller = App::make(EmployeeController::class);
        $forceDelete = $controller->forceDelete(0);

        $this->assertEquals(0, $forceDelete);
    }

    public function test_restore()
    {
        $repo = m::mock(EmployeeRepository::class);
        $repo
            ->shouldReceive('restore')
            ->once()
            ->andReturn(true);

        App::instance(EmployeeRepository::class, $repo);

        $controller = App::make(EmployeeController::class);
        $restore = $controller->restore(1);

        $this->assertTrue($restore);
    }

    public function test_restore_by_put()
    {
        $employee = factory(Employee::class)->create();
        $employee->delete();

        $this->put('api/v1/restore/employee/'.$employee->id);
        $this->seeStatusCode(200);

        $this->assertEquals(1, $this->response->original);
        $this->seeInDatabase('employees', ['id' => $employee->id]);
        $this->notSeeInDatabase('employees', ['id' => $employee->id, 'deleted_at' => $employee->deleted_at]);
    }

    public function test_restore_real()
    {
        $employee = factory(Employee::class)->create();
        $employee->delete();

        $controller = App::make(EmployeeController::class);
        $restore = $controller->restore($employee->id);

        $this->assertEquals(1, $restore);

        $repo = App::make(EmployeeRepository::class);

        $get = $repo->get($employee->id);
        $this->assertInstanceOf(Employee::class, $get);
        $this->assertNull($get->deleted_at);
    }

    public function test_restore_failed()
    {
        $controller = App::make(EmployeeController::class);
        $restore = $controller->restore(1);

        $this->assertEquals(0, $restore);
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Discontinued. We recommend After Wax Gel.
Aloe Vera is renowned for its repairing, healing, and disinfecting effects on the skin. Use as a solution to calm, cool, and soothe skin sensitivity after waxing. If possible, keep refrigerated to maximize its refreshing effects. Additionally, it is an excellent product for use after chemical peels, laser treatments, or microdermabrasion.


text:
Disney Treasures: When Stars Collide
By: John Rowe
DISNEY TREASURES COLLECTION: WHEN STARS COLLIDE
MEDIUM: Giclée on Gallery Wrapped Canvas
EDITION SIZE: 1500
ARTIST: John Rowe
SKU: DFA-T-STARSCO
ABOUT THE IMAGE: Inspired by Walt Disney's Animated Classic Cinderella!
ABOUT THE MEDIUM: Each Treasures On Canvas Collection Features stunning Limited-Edition artwork by many of your favorite artists. All titles are released in limited editions of 1500 and arrive beautifully gallery-wrapped and come complete with a Certificate of Authenticity. Officially Licensed artwork by Disney.
ABOUT THE ARTIST: John Rowe received his training at Art Center College of Design and began his career as an illustrator. His paintings have appeared on movie posters, books, billboards, magazines and advertisements throughout the country and around the world.
Seeking an additional outlet for his creative vision, John began his Horse Series, bringing together equine beauty and power with emotions of the human spirit. When the publishers of Walter Farley's The Black Stallion saw John's work, they were inspired to re-issue this classic series, commissioning 24 new paintings by John for the covers.
"My artwork is meant to recall the beauty, majesty, and mystery of the life we live, and the world we live it in. Painting the small delicacy of the light on a child¹s face, or the overwhelming power and grace of the sky at sunrise is my attempt to capture some of that wonder. Through my work, I hope to remind you and myself how truly wonderful, complex, and vivid life is. Whether we are looking into the eyes of someone we love or struggling just to breathe, life is a priceless gift."
John has maintained a successful painting career for over 20 years and has worked with clients throughout the United States and around the world. He currently resides in La Canada, California.
ABOUT THE FILM: Cinderella is a 1950 American animated musical fantasy film produced by Walt Disney and originally released by RKO Radio Pictures. Based on the fairy tale of the same name by Charles Perrault, it is the 12th Disney animated feature film. During the mid to late 1940s, Walt Disney Productions had suffered financially after losing connections to the European film markets due to the outbreak of World War II. During this time, the studio endured box office bombs such as Pinocchio (1940), Fantasia (1940), and Bambi (1942), all of which would later become more successful with several re-releases in theaters and on home video. Due to this, the studio was over $4 million in debt and was on the verge of bankruptcy. Walt Disney and his animators returned to feature film production in 1948 after producing a string of package films with the idea of adapting Charles Perrault's Cendrillon into an animated film. After two years in production, Cinderella was released on February 15, 1950. It became the greatest critical and commercial hit for the studio since Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937) and Dumbo (1941) and helped reverse the studio's fortunes. It received three Academy Award nominations, including Best Music, Original Song for "Bibbidi-Bobbidi-Boo."
In this fairly faithful rendering of the classic tale, a beautiful young girl is forced into virtual slavery by her cruel, exploitative stepmother and jealous stepsisters. With the aid of animal friends and the enchantments of a fairy godmother, Cinderella is able to attend a royal ball, where she has until the final stroke of midnight to win the heart of Prince Charming. When she is forced to run from his arms as the clock strikes midnight, she leaves behind a glass slipper, which the prince uses to find her. Soon after, the two are married.


Purina Moist and Meaty Dog Food receives the Advisor's lowest rating of 1 star.
The Purina Moist and Meaty product line includes 3 semi-moist dog foods.
Purina Moist and Meaty Burger with Cheddar Cheese Flavor was selected to represent the other products in the line for this review.
The first ingredient in this dog food includes beef by-products, slaughterhouse waste. This is what's left of slaughtered cattle after all the prime cuts have been removed.
And raw meat contains up to 73% water. So, after cooking, most of that moisture is lost, reducing the meat content to just a fraction of its original weight.
The second ingredient is soy flour, a high-protein by-product of soybean processing.
The third ingredient lists soy grits, soybeans which have been toasted and broken into small pieces. Although high in protein, compared to meat, soy grits are an inferior source of amino acids.
Even though soy grits are relatively high in protein, this ingredient would be expected to possess a lower biological value than meat.
The fourth ingredient is high fructose corn syrup (or HFCS). HFCS is a corn-based sugar mixture commonly used to make soft drinks, cookies and candy. Sugar is an empty nutrient — just as unhealthy for dogs as it is for humans.
The fifth ingredient is water, which adds nothing but moisture to this food. Water is a routine finding in most canned dog foods.
The sixth ingredient is wheat flour, a highly-refined product of wheat milling. Like corn, wheat is an inexpensive and controversial cereal grain of only modest nutritional value to a dog.
The seventh ingredient is corn syrup. Corn syrup is a glucose-rich, high-calorie item of questionable nutritional value to a dog.
The eighth ingredient is beef. Although it's a quality item, raw beef contains up to 73% water. After cooking, most of that moisture is lost, reducing the meat content to just a fraction of its original weight.
First, we find animal fat. Animal fat is a generic by-product of rendering, the same high-temperature process used to make meat meals.
Next, we find no mention of probiotics, friendly bacteria applied to the surface of the food after processing to help with digestion.
We also note that this food includes menadione, a controversial form of vitamin K linked to liver toxicity, allergies and the abnormal break-down of red blood cells.
And lastly, this food contains ethoxyquin, a controversial preservative linked to the accumulation of hemoglobin pigment in the liver and elevated hepatic enzymes in the blood.
Judging by its ingredients alone, Purina Moist and Meaty dog food looks like a below-average product.
The dashboard displays a dry matter protein reading of 27%, a fat level of 10% and estimated carbohydrates of about 55%.
As a group, the brand features an average protein content of 27% and a mean fat level of 10%. Together, these figures suggest a carbohydrate content of 55% for the overall product line.
And a fat-to-protein ratio of about 39%.
Near-average protein. Below-average fat. And above-average carbs when compared to a typical dog food.
When you consider the protein-boosting effect of the soy products, this looks like the profile of a semi-moist dog food containing a modest amount of meat.
Purina Moist and Meaty is a plant-based semi-moist dog food using a modest amount of named by-products as its main sources of animal protein, thus earning the brand 1 star.


Mediation & Arbitration | Dickinson & Gibbons, P.A.
The firm offers mediation and arbitration services to both plaintiffs and defendants through its two Supreme Court Certified Civil Mediators for both circuit and federal court cases, as well as for arbitration and private trials.
Gary H. Larsen and A. James Rolfes are experienced, board certified civil trial attorneys, each with a broad range of varied practice experience. Details of their individual specializations may be viewed in the biography section of this website.
Our mediators serve the entire State of Florida and will travel the West Coast of Florida from Clearwater to Naples, inland to Lakeland and Sebring, with no charge for travel. Our firm offers a Sarasota facility second to none for serving the needs of parties wishing to mediate or arbitrate their disputes.
The firm has four conference rooms with wireless internet connectivity, video conferencing with audio and recording capabilities, as well as three dedicated flat screen monitors for the presentation of media, whether by PowerPoint, CD or DVD. The firm's offices are located immediately east of the I-75 Fruitville Road exit, with hotels and restaurants nearby for the convenience of out of town participants.
At Dickinson & Gibbons, Mediation and Arbitration are not an afterthought to the practice of law, but a core commitment of the firm in advancing the efficient, cost-effective resolution of legal disputes.


text:
Q: How to account for Windows newline ( \r\n ) while setting carat position on textarea? I have been working on some code that modifies the carat position as you type in a textarea. With most browsers, a newline is "\n", but on IE 8 and down, a newline is "\r\n", giving it twice the length of a normal newline. How can I account for this discrepancy when setting my carat position? I have found this resource but I am not sure how to implement it to rectify my issue. I thought it'd be as simple as counting the number of newlines after stripping "\r\n" to "\n", and then multiplying that amount by 2 and adding that to my carat position, but it does not work.
Fiddle: http://bit.ly/TAQxiV
Lines 67-116 are used for getting and setting the carat position and textarea content.
Script in question: http://jakiestfu.github.com/Behave.js/

A: The simplest solution might be to test for those specific versions of IE and modify some variable to be 2 in those case, and 1 the rest of the time.
You can use the BrowserDetect object to do this.
BrowserDetect.browser // the name of the browser
BrowserDetect.version // the version of the browser

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Home | About Us | Mbunda Location | Mbunda Rulers | Mbunda Dialects | Mbunda Cultural Activities| Mbunda Ceremonies | Mbunda Names | Research Projects |
Facts About National Language Mbunda, Mbunda People and The Mbunda Kingdom In Angola
MBUNDA PEOPLE OF CONGO DRC
The Bunda people or Mbunda people[1] (also Ambuun, Mbuun) in the Democratic Republic of the Congo are an ethnic group that mostly live in Idiofa Territory, Kwilu District of Bandundu Province. They speak the Mbunda dialect of the Mpuono language, spoken by an estimated 165,000 people as of 1972.[2]
Origins and the legend of migration history
The Mbunda are a Bantu people who, during the Bantu migrations, came from the north, probably from somewhere near the present-day Sudan.[3][4] Their core is at present found in the Southeast of Angola from the Lunguevungu river in Moxico to the Cuando Cubango Province. In their migration they first settled in Kola in what is now the Democratic Republic of the Congo along the Kalanyi River, where they interacted with the Lunda and Luba,[5] in the 15th century under their ruler, King (Mwene) Nkuungu, with their capital at Namampongwe.[6] From there they settled for some time at the confluence of the Kwilu and Kasai rivers (now Democratic Republic of the Congo) in the 16th century, where they re-established their Kingdom.[7] A significant group of them still lives there, and the Mbunda language spoken by the Mbunda that remained in the DR Congo, entirely separated from the rest of their people, is of course a special case. Due to passage of time and interaction with other languages, it has become quite different from the variants spoken in Angola, Zambia, and Namibia, and is today even considered as belonging to a different linguistic category.[8]
The Belgian colonial administration originally gave Idiofa Territory the name of "Babunda Territory" after the Bunda people, who formed the majority of the population.[9] They are still the most important group in the center of Idiofa territory.[10] The Bunda are the majority of the population of the administrative center of Idiofa.[11] There are also Bunda populations in Bulungu Territory and Gungu Territory.[12]
The Bundu territory has a tropical climate with alternating dry and rainy seasons. The region has abundant water resources, the most important rivers being the Lubwe, Loange, Kamtsha and the Piopio. Precipitation in the rainy season is so intense that it is a major obstacle to farming and a time when food may be scarce. Hunting and fishing are individual activities during this period. Food is abundant in the dry season, the main season for communal hunting and fishing.[12]
[1] Almanac of African Peoples & Nations, page 523. By Muḥammad Zuhdī Yakan, Transaction Publishers, Putgers - The State University, 35 Berrue Circle, Piscataway, New Jersey 008854-8042, ISBN 1-56000-433-9,
[2] Ethnologue.
[3] http://books.google.co.zm/books?id=an5QqSKNqAgC&pg=PA403&lpg=PA403&dq=mbunda+chiefs&source=
bl&ots=EiF9AxADTl&sig=zRaFAHahIMUBURhXfsCNPV_P9X8&hl=en&sa=
X&ei=9qbtTrL8FIXO4QTb_9DrCA&ved=0CCwQ6AEwAzgK#v=onepage&q=
mbunda chiefs&f=false Terms of trade and terms of trust: the history and contexts of pre-colonial pages 103, 104 & 105...By Achim von Oppen, LIT Verlag Münster Publishers, 1993, ISBN: 3894732466, 9783894732462
[4] The Bantu in Ancient Egypt, citing sources: Alfred M M'Imanyara 'The Restatement of Bantu Origin and Meru History' published by Longman Kenya, 1992 - Social Science - 170 pages, ISBN 9966-49-832-X
[6] Robert Papstein, The Zambia Journal of History, Central African Oral History Project, University of Zambia, ISBN 9982-03-006-X
[8] name='ethnol'>Mbunda languageMpuono language
[9] Schwetz 1924, p. 73.
[10] Plan stratégique.
[11] Munzumi 2006, p. 20.
[12] RDC Ministère du Plan 2005.
"Mpuono: A language of Democratic Republic of the Congo". Ethnologue. Retrieved 2012-02-08.
Munzumi, Jean-Macaire Munzele (2006). Les pratiques de sociabilité en Afrique: les mutations culinaires chez les Ambuun. Editions Publibook. ISBN 2-7483-1056-X.
"PLAN STRATÉGIQUE DE LA CARITAS-DEVELOPPEMENT IDIOFA". Diocese of Idiofa. Retrieved 2012-02-08.
RDC Ministère du Plan (April 2005). "MONOGRAPHIE DE LA PROVINCE DU BANDUNDU" (PDF). Retrieved 2012-02-08.
Schwetz, J (1924). "Rapport sur les travaux de la mission médicale antitrypanosomique du Kwango-Kasaï 1920-1923" (PDF). Annales de la Société Belge de Médecine Tropicale 4. Retrieved 2012-02-07.
His Majesty King Mbandu IV,
João Pedro Mussole
of The Mbunda People


I recently discovered this Canadian brand called Forestiere designed by Sara K. MacLellan… Wow, I'm speechless. It is so great to encounter such fresh ideas at this moment in time when it is hard to find authentic uniqueness. What an incredible vision. Everything from their designs to the company's core values is just AMAZING. I think the name in itself (Forestiere) makes understand that their main inspiration was nature and a passion for the world.
You can see the high quality in these hand-crafted, fibre based jewelry. The earthy and even pastel color tones makes these pieces a specific characteristic. One of the things that I love to see most about jewelry brands/designers is when they transmit their passion through the telling of their materials and the making of their products. Forestiere uses organic and ethically sourced materials in order to decrease their environmental impact.. How can you have so much awesomeness under one roof? I don't know but here's the proof that it can be done!
In my opinion there isn't anything better in design (in all types of design: jewelry, interior, graphic… etc) than simple and clean done elegantly and right. That is what Forestiere is all about. Even their beautiful and minimalist websites follows the style of their jewelry designs. What is even a bigger plus (at least for me) is that with simplicity in mind they have a hint of tribal jewlery.
India is one of my ultimate inspirations. I love it because of its: history, culture, designs, patterns, colors, gemstones, and sense of beauty. In my opinion, Indian jewelry has one of the most special styles. Many pieces are hand-made therefore, the detail and the craftsmanship used, make them one-of-a-kind little treasures. A major plus about Indian jewelry is that a lot of the times it can look a bit more expensive than what they really are, so you can find very beautiful pieces for reasonable and decent prices!


European Community Shipowners' Associations (ECSA) representing the European shipowners believe that continuous progress was made last week at the International Maritime Organisation's (IMO) intersessional meeting of the Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC).
The meeting has further built on an initial strategy for reducing CO2 emissions from the international shipping, which the next MEPC meeting should adopt it in 2018.
In the meeting, the draft initial IMO plan was thoroughly discussed in order to establish a clear vision and guiding principles on the levels of ambition for a comprehensive CO2 reduction strategy in line with the Paris COP21 Agreement on climate change. A list of candidate short-, mid- and long-term further measures with possible timelines and their impact on IMO states were addressed.
"In particular, we are pleased that the European Commission and the EU Member States were aligned and made a great effort in trying to bridge the different views and offered solutions among the global IMO members during their intersessional meeting," said Martin Dorsman, ECSA's Secretary General. The European Shipowners are confident that IMO will be able to deliver an ambitious strategy for adoption by IMO Member States at the next MEPC meeting in April 2018.
In a submission to last week's meeting made by International Chamber of Shipping and other shipping associations, the industry reiterated that IMO should adopt a number of CO2 reduction objectives on behalf of the international shipping sector.
Specifically, the industry proposed that the sector's total CO2 emissions should not increase above 2008 levels, thus establishing 2008 as the year of peak emissions from shipping, and that IMO should agree upon reduction percentages per ton-km as well as by which the total emissions from the sector might be reduced by 2050.
There is certainly a strong will from the European shipowners to decarbonise the industry.