text:
oazadPDF
Our Beggar Problem
No tech hacking
Early views of New Malden
Indian Summer (Dodo Press)
Songs for a printers way goose.
ReInventing Yourself
The power of prevention
The charms of Kankakee.
Carving humorous Santas
Lough Beltra, 1984
genealogy of the descendants of Robert Austin of Kingstown, Rhode Island.
register of the graduates in Arts, 1910-1940, St Michaels College in the University of Toronto.
The Lairds Luck and Other Fireside Tales
Quick Reference to Vital Signs and Exercise Response
UK small business microcomputer market, 1986
The ramparts we guard
Chained to the Desk A Guidebook for Workaholics, Their Partners and Children, and the Clinicians Who Treat Them by Bryan Robinson
Published October 1, 2007 by NYU Press .
Management & management techniques,
Occupational & industrial psychology,
Work & labour,
Self-Help,
Personality,
Stress Management,
Behavior, Addictive,
Family relationships,
Workaholics,
Download Chained to the Desk
Intended for anyone touched by what Robinson calls 'the best-dressed problem of the twenty-first century' Chained to the Desk provides an inside look at workaholism's impact on those who live and work with work addicts partners, spouses, children, and colleagues as well as the appropriate techniques for clinicians who treat by: In Chained to the Desk, best-selling author and widely-respected family therapist Dr.
Bryan Robinson has written a groundbreaking book--the first comprehensive portrait of the workaholic. Intended for anyone touched by what Robinson calls "the best-dressed problem of the twentieth century," this innovative volume profiles the myths behind this greatly-misunderstood disorder and the inner /5(8).
Chained to the Desk (Second Edition): A Guidebook for Workaholics, Their Partners and Children, and the Clinicians Who Treat Them.
Americans love a hard worker. The man or woman who works eighteen-hour days and eats his or her meals on the run between appointments is usually viewed with a combination of respect and awe.4/5.
Intended for anyone touched by what Robinson calls "the best-dressed problem of the twenty-first century," Chained to the Desk provides an inside look at workaholism's impact on those who live and work with work addicts—partners, spouses, children, and colleagues—as well as the appropriate techniques for clinicians who treat : New York University Press.
Chained to the Desk (Third Edition): A Guidebook for Workaholics, Their Partners and Children, and the Clinicians Who Treat Them. Americans love a hard worker. The worker who toils eighteen-hour days and eats meals on the run between appointments is usually /5. Chained to the Desk.
A Guidebook for Workaholics, Their Partners and Children, and the Clinicians Who Treat Them. By Bryan E. Robinson. Robinson approaches workaholism with pragmatic and effective strategies Chained to the Desk book to overcome the resistance with Chained to the Desk book most.
Chained to the Desk (Third Edition): A Guidebook for Workaholics, Their Partners and Children, and the Clinicians Who Treat Them. In this Book. Americans love a hard worker.
The worker who toils eighteen-hour days and eats meals on the run between appointments is usually viewed with a combination of respect and awe. Book Info Chained to the Desk (Third Edition) Book Description: Americans love a hard worker.
The worker who toils eighteen-hour days and eats meals on the run between appointments is usually viewed with a combination of respect and awe.
Why were books chained to the desks. Books were very precious. Books were too heavy. The scribes didn't trust people. The monks didn't trust peo.
The Biblioteca Malatestiana, opened inis located in Cesena, in Italy, in a former Franciscan monastery. The library still has books chained to the sloping desk with iron-wrought chains. Photo credit. Wells Cathedral Chained Library. The Chained Library at Wells Cathedral, in Wells, England, houses books published before Chained to the Desk both counsels and consoles.
It provides a step-by-step guide to help readers spot workaholism, understand it, and recover. Bryan E. Robinson, Ph.D., is Professor Emeritus at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte and a psychotherapist in private practice.
Chained to the Desk, best-selling author and widely respected family therapist Bryan E. Robinson's groundbreaking book, originally published inwas the first comprehensive portrait of the. Download Chained to the Desk PDF Books; Download Chained to the Desk PDF Books.
Bryan E. Robinson Novem NYU Press. English - pages - ISBN - ISBN 1 / 5 by 77 votes. Not book are you looking for. Search1/5(77). Chained to the Desk, best-selling author and widely respected family therapist Bryan E.
Robinson's groundbreaking book, originally published inwas the first comprehensive portrait of the workaholic. Intended for anyone touched by what Robinson calls "the best-dressed problem of the twenty-first century," Chained to the Desk provides an inside look at workaholism's impact on those who live and work with work addicts—partners, spouses, children, and colleagues—as well as the appropriate techniques for clinicians who treat them.
Chained to the Desk A Guidebook for Workaholics, Their Partners and Children, and the Clinicians Who Treat Them Thousands have benefited from best-selling author and widely respected family therapist Bryan Robinson's groundbreaking book.
About For Books Chained to the Desk: A Guidebook for Workaholics, Their Partners and Children, tawandamccy Follow. 9 months ago | 1 view. Chained to the Desk: A Guidebook for Workaholics, Their Partners and Children, and the Clinicians Who Treat Them Want to have a good book.
Buy Chained to the Desk: A Guidebook for Workaholics, Their Partners and Children and the Clinicians Who Treat Them New edition by Robinson, Bryan E. (ISBN: ) from Amazon's Book Store.
Everyday low prices and free delivery on eligible orders.5/5(4). Chained to the desk by Bryan E. Robinson. Publication date Topics Workaholism., Workaholics -- Family relationships. Publisher New York University Press Collection Internet Archive Books.
Delaware County District Library (Ohio) Scanned in China. American : Chained to the Desk, best-selling author and widely respected family therapist Bryan E.
Robinson's groundbreaking book, originally published inwas the first comprehensive portrait of the workaholic. Thousands benefited from this innovative book, which profiles the myths behind this greatly misunderstood disorder and the inner.
Intended for anyone touched by what Robinson calls "the best-dressed problem of the twenty-first century," Chained to the Desk provides an inside look at workaholism's impact on those who live and work with work addicts—partners, spouses, children, and colleagues—as well as the appropriate techniques for clinicians who treat them.
Chained to the Desk (Third Edition): A Guidebook for Workaholics, Their Partners and Children, and the Clinicians Who Treat Them Paperback – Feb 21 by Bryan E. Robinson (Author) out of 5 stars 8 ratings See all 3 formats and editions/5(8). Chained to the Desk is a metaphor for the agonizing work obsessions that haunt workaholics even when they are away from their desks.
The director-actor Penny Marshall, confessing to. Buy the Paperback Book Chained to the Desk by Bryan E. Robinson atCanada's largest bookstore.
Free shipping and pickup in store on eligible orders. Chained to the Desk: A Guidebook for Workaholics, Their Partners and Children, and the Clinicians Who Treat Them (Paperback) By Bryan E. Robinson. List Price: $ Our Price: $ (Save: $ 9%) On Our Shelves Now. Malaprop's Bookstore/Cafe. 2 on hand, as of Apr 23 pm.
Chained to the Desk: A Guide for Workaholics, Their Partners and Children, and the Clinicians Who Treat Them Bryan E. Robinson, Author New York University Press $ (p) ISBN Indeed, looking at the definition for chained books in Harrod's Librarians' Glossary, we get: Books chained to shelves or reading desks in libraries of the fifteenth to early eighteenth centuries to prevent theft.
[1] While this definition is not wrong, per se, it provides a very limited view of a. Chained to the Desk. As I was reading the first chapter, I began to cry. So much in the story was similar to my story and to what I was suffering.
In the past, I remember an employee telling me I was a workaholic, but I only looked at it as a good thing. I didn't see the cause or cure of it. Now I was ready to explore the : Bryan E.
Robinson. Chained to the Desk (Paperback) A Guidebook for Workaholics, Their Partners and Children, and the Clinicians Who Treat Them. By Bryan E. Robinson. New York University Press,pp. Publication Date: Febru Other Editions of. Read "Chained to the Desk (Third Edition) A Guidebook for Workaholics, Their Partners and Children, and the Clinicians Who Treat Them" by Bryan E.
Robinson available from Rakuten Kobo. Draws on hundreds of case studies to provide a step by step guide to Brand: NYU Press. Chained to the Magma Pit Intent_To_Stay.
Summary: facing off against his latest unfair teacher. But now his teacher's face was pale. He sent Naruto back to his desk without any further scolding. And before the pipes, that weird dream that felt so vivid, Naruto had been full of fury. digi_smile, superpowerlottery, Book_Muncher.
Download Chained To Desk Stock Photos for FREE or amazingly low rates. New users enjoy 60% OFF.stock photos online. Buy the Kobo ebook Book Chained to the Desk (Third Edition): A Guidebook for Workaholics, Their Partners and Children, and by atCanada's largest bookstore.
Free shipping and pickup in store on eligible orders. Draws on hundreds of case studies to provide a step by step guide to spot workaholism, understand it, and recoverAmericans love a hard worker. The worker who toils eighteen-hour days and eats meals on the run between appointments is usually viewed with a combination of respect and awe.
But for many. READ book Chained to the Desk (Second Edition): A Guidebook for Workaholics Their Partners. raysalazar. Follow. 4 years ago | 0 view. check this link #SUBDOMAIN_URL# Report. Browse more videos.
Playing next. Bryan E. Robinson Thousands have benefited from best-selling author and widely respected family therapist Bryan Robinson's groundbreaking book. This innovative volume profiles the myths behind this greatly misunderstood disorder and the inner psychological battle.
Toni Yancey's Instant Recess book offers the following suggestions for people who feel chained to their office desks: Take a minute activity break at a scheduled time every day. ''Chained to the Desk: A Guidebook for Workaholics, Their Partners and Children, and the Clinicians Who Treat Them,'' by Dr.
Bryan E. Robinson, New York University Press, $ But for many, this lifestyle leads to family problems, a decline in work productivity, and ultimately to physical and mental collapse. Chained to the Desk, best-selling author and widely respected family therapist Bryan E. Robinson's groundbreaking book, originally published inwas the first comprehensive portrait of the workaholic/5(74).
A tale both bittersweet and redemptive, The Writing Desk is your must-read." —Patti Callahan Henry, New York Times bestselling author. This sweet, split-time read is a standalone novel, though characters in this story appear in Rachel Hauck's book, The Fifth Avenue Story Society. Includes discussion questions/5(56).
Bryan E. Robinson is an American writer, psychotherapist, and professor emeritus at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte currently living in Asheville, is a graduate of East Carolina University and the University of North Carolina system and author of two novels and over 35 nonfiction books and Professor of Counseling and Child Development at the University of North Carolina at Alma mater: University of North Carolina.Get this from a library!
Chained to the desk: a guidebook for workaholics, their partners and children, and the clinicians who treat them. [Bryan E Robinson] -- In Chained to the Desk, best-selling author and widely respected family therapist Dr.
Bryan Robinson has written a ground-breaking book - the first comprehensive portrait of the workaholic.I am really chained to my computer these days so I work in my bedroom, which is a room I have worked in for years and years. It is just as much an office as a bedroom, and during the day, my bed is rather like an extension of my desk.
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text:
The Family Line of Adam
1Here is the written story of Adam's family line.
When God created human beings, he made them to be like him. 2He created them as male and female, and he blessed them. He called them "human beings" when they were created.
3When Adam was 130 years old, he had a son who was like him. He named him Seth. 4Adam lived 800 years after Seth was born. He also had other sons and daughters. 5Adam lived a total of 930 years. And then he died.
6Seth lived 105 years. Then he became the father of Enosh. 7Seth lived 807 years after Enosh was born. He also had other sons and daughters. 8Seth lived a total of 912 years. And then he died.
9Enosh lived 90 years. Then he became the father of Kenan. 10Enosh lived 815 years after Kenan was born. He also had other sons and daughters. 11Enosh lived a total of 905 years. And then he died.
12Kenan lived 70 years. Then he became the father of Mahalalel. 13Kenan lived 840 years after Mahalalel was born. He also had other sons and daughters. 14Kenan lived a total of 910 years. And then he died.
15Mahalalel lived 65 years. Then he became the father of Jared. 16Mahalalel lived 830 years after Jared was born. He also had other sons and daughters. 17Mahalalel lived a total of 895 years. And then he died.
18Jared lived 162 years. Then he became the father of Enoch. 19Jared lived 800 years after Enoch was born. He also had other sons and daughters. 20Jared lived a total of 962 years. And then he died.
21Enoch lived 65 years. Then he became the father of Methuselah. 22Enoch walked faithfully with God 300 years after Methuselah was born. He also had other sons and daughters. 23Enoch lived a total of 365 years. 24Enoch walked faithfully with God. And then he couldn't be found, because God took him from this life.
25Methuselah lived 187 years. Then he became the father of Lamech. 26Methuselah lived 782 years after Lamech was born. He also had other sons and daughters. 27Methuselah lived a total of 969 years. And then he died.
28Lamech lived 182 years. Then he had a son 29and named him Noah. Lamech said, "He will comfort us when we are working. He'll comfort us when our hands work so hard they hurt. We have to work hard because the Lord put a curse on the ground." 30Lamech lived 595 years after Noah was born. He also had other sons and daughters. 31Lamech lived a total of 777 years. And then he died.
32After Noah was 500 years old, he became the father of Shem, Ham and Japheth.
Holy Bible, New International Reader's Version®, NIrV®
Adam's Descendants
1#Ge 1:26–27; Eph 4:24This is the book of the generations of Adam.
In the day when God created man, He made him in the likeness of God. 2#Ge 1:27He created them male and female. He blessed them and called them Mankind in the day when they were created.
3#Ge 4:25Adam lived a hundred and thirty years and became the father of a son in his own likeness, after his own image, and called his name Seth. 4#Ge 5:7; 5:10The days of Adam after he became the father of Seth were eight hundred years, and he had other sons and daughters. 5#Ge 3:19; 5:8So all the days that Adam lived were nine hundred and thirty years, and he died.
6#Ge 4:26Seth lived one hundred and five years and became the father of Enosh. 7Seth lived after the birth of Enosh eight hundred and seven years and had other sons and daughters. 8So all the days of Seth were nine hundred and twelve years, and he died.
9Enosh lived ninety years and became the father of Kenan. 10Enosh lived after the birth of Kenan eight hundred and fifteen years and had other sons and daughters. 11So all the days of Enosh were nine hundred and five years, and he died.
12Kenan lived seventy years and became the father of Mahalalel. 13Kenan lived after the birth of Mahalalel eight hundred and forty years and had other sons and daughters. 14So all the days of Kenan were nine hundred and ten years, and he died.
15Mahalalel lived sixty-five years and became the father of Jared. 16Mahalalel lived after the birth of Jared eight hundred and thirty years and had other sons and daughters. 17So all the days of Mahalalel were eight hundred and ninety-five years, and he died.
18Jared lived one hundred and sixty-two years and became the father of Enoch. 19Jared lived after the birth of Enoch eight hundred years and had other sons and daughters. 20So all the days of Jared were nine hundred and sixty-two years, and he died.
21Enoch lived sixty-five years and became the father of Methuselah. 22#Ge 6:9; Mic 6:8Enoch walked with God after the birth of Methuselah for three hundred years and had other sons and daughters. 23So all the days of Enoch were three hundred and sixty-five years. 24#2Ki 2:11; Jer 31:15; 1Jn 1:7Enoch walked with God, and then he was no more because God took him.
25Methuselah lived one hundred and eighty-seven years and became the father of Lamech. 26Methuselah lived after the birth of Lamech seven hundred and eighty-two years and had other sons and daughters. 27So all the days of Methuselah were nine hundred and sixty-nine years, and he died.
28Lamech lived one hundred and eighty-two years and had a son. 29#Ge 3:17–19He named his son Noah, saying, "This one will comfort us concerning our work and the toil of our hands because of the ground which the Lord has cursed." 30Lamech lived after the birth of Noah five hundred and ninety-five years and had other sons and daughters. 31So all the days of Lamech were seven hundred and seventy-seven years, and he died.
32#Ge 6:10; 10:21Noah was five hundred years old and became the father of Shem, Ham, and Japheth.
Military Bible Association

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Weak at long range, weak at medium range, decent at medium-close and close range. Generally, you'll want to fire off about a half clip and then follow with a melee strike for the quickest kill.
Good at all ranges. Three body shots will completely drain opponents' shields. One head shot to an opponent with drained shields will kill. Highly recommended.
Great at long range, difficult at others. Two shots anywhere will kill an opponent, as will just one head shot. Up close, backpedal with the Sniper Rifle and try to line up the opponent in the center of your screen (not zoomed in).
Useless pretty much everywhere. Weaker than the Assault Rifle, though it does allow a dual-wield. If you're going to use an SMG, be sure to back it up with another dual-wield weapon.
More accurate than an SMG and Assault Rifle, and it can be dual-wielded. Not too bad at medium-close range, but up close (or any further away) we'd choose something else.
Nowhere near the original Halo pistol power, but it's better than Halo 2's Magnum. This one takes five shots to kill—first four can be anywhere on the body, fifth must be a headshot. Good accuracy from range, but slow firerate. Consider it a pocket-size Battle Rifle with just a bit less power.
Individual shots are useless, but the Plasma Pistol's charge shot is very effective. One shot completely drains opponent shield, letting you switch to a Battle Rifle or Magnum to follow with one head shot for the kill. Can also follow charged shot with a melee punch for an instant kill using just the Plasma Pistol. Beware that charged shot's tracking is not as good as it is in Halo 2.
Decent accuracy, but slow shots make it difficult to hit opponents at range. Drains shields quickly but not health—we suggest following a few shots with a melee strike for the quickest kill.
Improved over previous Halo games, the Needler requires only a half a clip to kill. However, bullet tracking is less effective than before. Best used at medium range, usually backpedalling away from opponents with less rangey guns.
Essentially a Sniper Rifle without clips so you never need to reload. However, you must limit your rate of fire to avoid getting knocked out of zoom by overheating. The human Sniper Rifle is better, but this definitely isn't bad.
Also improved over Halo 2's Brute Shot. Grenades now keep a straight trajectory instead of arcing. Damage isn't great, but four shots will kill. Actually best used in tight areas, as one shot followed by one melee strike will kill.
As powerful as ever—one shot will kill most anything. However, the Rocket Launhcer no longer has a locking ability, forcing you to actually have good aim if you want to take down vehicles.
Devastating power, but must slowly charge up before firing. Best used against vehicles from a distance (it zooms!) but it's also effective against infantry. When running around, constantly charge the gun and release the trigger just before firing. This way you're most likely to have a charge when you need it.
Range is reduced since Halo 2 and the Energy Sword now has limited uses. However, it's still very effective at close range. Switching from one weapon to the Energy Sword is slow now, making it more difficult to switch on the fly. Melee button causes quicker attack that does not lunge, however you can use it to psyche an opponent into thinking you've wanted your lunge.
It kills. Range is short, but it destroys vehicles and infantry with a single blow. Good in close, but miserable at any other range. Gravity Hammer does not have the range of the Energy Sword.
Very good accuracy at range, but it takes a lot of shots to kill. We recommend the Battle Rifle over the Carbine, but don't discount the Carbine. It's a good gun we'd pick over the Assault Rifle in most situations.
Sort of a Shotgun-lite, however no single shot from the Mauler will drop an opponent instantly. You can dual-wield the Mauler for instant kills, but we'd still pick the Shotgun over the combo to allow for melee attacks. The gun is awful at range so it doesn't come very recommended unless you're on a map where you can quickly follow with a melee strike for a quick kill.
Surprisingly good, and way better than the Sentinel Beam in Halo 2. Drains shields and health very quickly and the beam has decent range. A good medium-close range weapon.
Very short range and only does considerable damage if the target doesn't move. The weapon's best use is for temporarily blinding opponents. We say meh.


A little over 24 years ago, the state decided to close the mobile home park where Alice lived. She had to move two miles south to another park. Over the next three years she became friends with her next door neighbor, Wendell. He was almost 18 years her senior. He had served after WWII, and was considered a veteran because he provided relief for those who had been on duty in the war for so long. In the third summer of their friendship, they started to cruise the boulevard in their town, sometimes taking his grandson with them and getting ice cream.
That fall, in August of 1994, Alice traveled to California for a nephew's wedding. She was gone eight days, and when she returned something had begun. She and Wendell were married September 2, of 1994. Over the years he worked heavy construction, real estate, and a variety of other jobs. She worked a few different positions, too, most recently working for her local school district in speech pathology. They enjoyed traveling to Las Vegas, Ogden Valley, and Bear Lake when they could get out.
About six years ago, Alice noticed Wendell's health starting to decline. He had begun having problems with his kidneys and his lungs. He had smoked when he was younger, and the construction work had probably also impacted his health. Over time, he could not travel anymore and was eventually homebound. She decided to retire. When she retired from full time work, a local charter school asked her to work part time since her license had not expired. She did, but as she was home more she noticed more of Wendell's decline. After a couple of years, she quit at the charter school and allowed her license to lapse.
Watching him decline was the hardest thing about the whole process. She coped by reading, visiting her local quilt shop, and quilting. Last year, Wendell's youngest daughter visited, and threw a little birthday party for Alice.
As his mobility declined, Alice figured out that if she would pull the car around to the front of the house, she could get him out the front door and into the car to go to the doctor.
Toward the end, Willard had problems with incontinence. He did not like having to be in a diaper, but it had to be done. Things got harder and harder, and Alice began trying to get help from a hospice company. One day she was getting her hair cut by the wife of her cousin. She told her hairdresser about what a hard time she was having getting a hospice company to come out. As Alice talked, her cousin walked in and mentioned that he worked for a hospice company and said, "You ought to try to get with our company." After a few more days she called her cousin's company, and they came out the next day.
Hospice helped for the last six weeks of Wendell's life. His daughter and her husband came for the last week, and they helped make plans and prepare for his passing. He passed away about six months ago. Wendell was cremated, and they took his remains to Corinne to be buried next to the family plot.
When asked if Alice has any advice for people who go through what she went through, she recommended grief counseling sessions. The hospice company she used offered them, and she said they were very helpful. The company is preparing for a new group of sessions this month, and she might go through them one more time.
Though Willard is gone, Alice has a curio cabinet full of ring boxes he gave her, and a shelf of painted ceramic eagle statues he collected. They remind her of him—his patriotism, and his love for her.
Alice, thank you for sharing your story. Thank you for caring for your husband. I honor you and your work.


The videos posted here reflect the experiences of the Students on Ice 2014 Arctic Expedition as well as pre expedition videos that feature our team of educators, students and our global alumni network. Follow the journey and engage with us online via Facebook, Twitter and Instagram.
The wrap-up for the transformative two-week Students on Ice expedition to Greenland and Canada's Arctic in the summer of 2014.
Ottawa to Kuujjuaq, Quebec to the Sea!
Pre-expedition Activities in Ottawa for the 2014 Arctic Expedition.


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text:
Affordable Primary Schools
Invictus International School
Curriculum: International Primary Curriculum (IPC)
Years: KG to Grade 6
Fees: Annual tuition fees are HKD 100,000
Additional costs: Field trips, some after-school activities, bus, lunch, stationery and uniform
Location: New Territories
Highlights: No compulsory debenture or capital levy; a new school with places available from KG to Grade 6
Invictus' kindergarten and primary school is due to open for the 2019-2020 academic year, subject to approval from the Education Bureau. Teaching will follow the International Primary Curriculum (IPC), which is known for its creative and thematic approach to teaching, integrated with an English and Mandarin immersion programme. The school is the second addition to the family of Invictus International Schools, which opened its first affordable primary school in Singapore in 2016.
"The opening of our newest school in Hong Kong enables us to offer children the unmatched, high-quality learning experience for which Invictus has become renowned at a truly affordable rate."
Click here for the full review of Invictus International School.
HKCA Po Leung Kuk School
Curriculum: IB Primary Years Programme
Years: Grade 1-5
Fees: Annual tuition fees are HKD 96,900
Additional costs: Non-refundable application fee of HKD 800, field trips, some after-school activities, bus, lunch, stationery and uniform
Highlights: No annual levy and no debenture; small close-knit community; proximity to Causeway Bay
Since opening in 2017, HKCA Po Leung Kuk School has grown to a Grade 1- 4 primary school; Grade 5 will open in August 2019 with numbers eventually growing to approx. 600. Grade 5 graduates will be expected to apply for entry into international secondary schools in Hong Kong or abroad. The school is the first international curriculum school to be operated by the PLK charitable group, and it aims to allocate at least 70% of its places to foreign passport holders.
"We are an international school that gives expat children more of a local cultural experience than they would have at an international school that is very Western… Many people who visit the school comment on how happy the children are at the school, which is something we are very proud of as we have tried very hard to create a school culture that is happy, safe and caring."
Click here for the full review of HKCA Po Leung Kuk School.
Lantau International School
Curriculum: UK National Curriculum
Years: Reception to Primary 6
Fees: Annual tuition fees are HKD 83,500 (Primary 1-6)
Additional costs: Non-refundable application fee of HKD 1,080; a refundable capital levy of HKD 25,050; field trips, some after-school activities, bus, lunch, stationery and uniform
Location: Lantau Island
Highlights: No debenture; class sizes are 22 at lower primary and 24 in upper primary; scenic campuses
Lantau International School (Pui O Upper Primary) is part of a family of schools that offer a British education to families in Lantau Island, from reception through to Primary 6. Teaching follows the UK National Curriculum and students are assessed using the UK's Key Stage 1 tests, known as SATS. Mandarin is taught from reception onwards.
"At LIS, we put children first, with the greenest environment any school in HK has to offer combined with all the most recent technology in the classrooms, a British curriculum, highly qualified teachers and small classes that maximize student-to-teacher contact."
Click here for the full review of Lantau International School.
Funful English Primary School
Years: Years 1-6
Additional costs: Non-refundable application fee of HKD 600; a registration fee of HKD 7,900; materials fee of HKD 2,000; uniform, bus and after-school activities
Highlights: No debenture or capital levy; students can transition to Sear Rogers secondary school; bilingual education in English and Chinese
Funful English Primary School is a part of the Funful Group of Schools, which also includes Sear Rogers International School; many students will transition to this secondary school, also located in the New Territories. The school follows the UK National Curriculum and offers a "balanced academic programme in both English and Chinese".
"The school offers a balanced academic programme in both English and Chinese allowing students to develop their ability, potential, creativity, critical thinking, interests and individuality."
Click here for the full review of Funful English Primary School.
Kiangsu-Chekiang College, International Section (Primary)
Curriculum: EYFS and UK National Curriculum
Years: Primary 1-6
Additional costs: Non-refundable application fee of HKD 500; a refundable registration deposit of two months' school fees; field trips, some after-school activities, bus, lunch, and uniform
Highlights: No debenture or capital levy; students can transition to Kiangsu-Chekiang College secondary school; bilingual education in English and Chinese
Kiangsu-Chekiang College, International Section (Primary) is an English-medium international school run by the local school of the same name. Teaching follows a modified version of the Early Years Foundation Stage (EYFS) and the UK National Curriculum. Sharing a campus with the Kiangsu-Chekiang College in North Point, KCCIS has a strong Mandarin component with daily homework, and history and geography lessons focus on Hong Kong and Asia. The student body here is primarily Asian (Chinese, Korean, Taiwanese and Japanese), with many students having English as their second language.
"Our classrooms are hives of activity; play based and explorative activities provide an environment rich with opportunities for creativity and hands-on learning. Our Primary 1 children also have a creative element to their learning and the UK curriculum is adapted for Hong Kong so that studies of local history and geography can be included."
Click here for the full review of Kiangsu-Chekiang College, International Section (Primary).
UMAH International Primary School
Curriculum: English-medium
Highlights: No debenture or capital levy; Hong Kong's only Muslim school; language programme includes Arabic and Urdu
Founded by the United Muslim Association of Hong Kong in 1996, UMAH International Primary School promises to offer "an affordable yet quality education for your children". This English-medium school requires all students to attend daily Zuhar prayer and Friday Prayer, and it offers supplementary lessons in Cantonese, Arabic and Urdu. The majority of students are from South East Asia but admission to this international school is open to all.
"If you want an affordable yet quality education for your children, UMAH International Primary School gives your children the opportunity to learn English and all other arts and science subjects while teaching them to be confident and moral individuals."
Click here for the full review of UMAH International Primary School.
Norwegian International School
Additional costs: Non-refundable application fee of HKD 900; field trips, some after-school activities, bus, lunch, and uniform
Highlights: No debenture or capital levy; strong emphasis on Christianity; beautiful green campus
This Christian primary school in the New Territories delivers an international curriculum enriched with Biblical teaching to students aged five to 11 years. The school was founded in 1984 to educate the children of Norwegian missionaries. Today, the school has an international student population of 200 children from several different countries. Classes range from Year 1 through to Year 6, and the curriculum is based around the International Primary Curriculum (IPC) and International Early Years Curriculum (IEYC).
"True to the vision of its founding missionaries, NIS continues to nurture students' character and academic development, building its foundation on Biblical principles and values. Upon spending time at NIS, you will discover a school that puts great importance in its community and the relationships between family, students, and teachers."
Click here for the full review of Norwegian International School.
Japanese International School (JIS)
Additional costs: Non-refundable application fee of HKD 600; annual capital levy of HKD 15,200; field trips, some after-school activities, bus, lunch, and uniform
Highlights: No debenture; direct links to International College Hong Kong (ICHK) for secondary education; large, purpose-built campus
With more than 20 years' experience in the Hong Kong education sector, the Japanese International School (JIS) is a popular primary school with just 170 students of 22 nationalities (about 25% are Japanese). As well as offering all the benefits of a smaller school – close-knit community, friendly and personalised learning – JIS is well-equipped to deliver a solid IB education to five to 11-year-olds.
"Many of our students come from a range of nationalities and cultures and so our curriculum is designed to reflect this. We set ourselves high standards in all that we do, both through academic study and the provision of a broad curriculum that encompasses a wide range of creative activities, environmental and community awareness and outdoor education."
Click here for the full review of Japanese International School (JIS).
Spanish Primary School
Curriculum: EYFS, UK National Curriculum
Years: Nursery to Year 6
Fees: Annual tuition fees are HKD 105,000 (Years 1-3); HKD 115,000 (Years 4-6)
Additional costs: Non-refundable application fee of HKD 1,200; annual capital levy of HKD 12,000; field trips, some after-school activities, bus, lunch, and uniform
Highlights: No debenture; trilingual education in English, Chinese and Spanish; large outdoor space and facilities
The Spanish Primary School (SPIS) is a non-profit making international school, sponsored by the MASS Education Foundation. Opened in September 2017, it offers Nursery to Year 6 to both local and international students, and has a large Hispanic student body.
"The school aims to provide the highest calibre education in traditional areas of academia and the arts whilst embracing broader life facets that include nature, sportsmanship, community spirit and morality, all of which cultivate students' independent thinking, visions, values and life purpose."
Click here for the full review of Spanish Primary School.
Next: Where are the top affordable all-through schools in Hong Kong?


text:
package porthos

import (
	"github.com/streadway/amqp"
)

// ResponseWriter is responsible for sending back the response to the replyTo queue.
type ResponseWriter interface {
	Write(res Response) error
}

type responseWriter struct {
	channel  *amqp.Channel
	autoAck  bool
	delivery amqp.Delivery
}

func (rw *responseWriter) Write(res Response) error {
	if rw.channel == nil {
		return ErrNilPublishChannel
	}

	// status code is a header as well.
	res.GetHeaders().Set("statusCode", res.GetStatusCode())

	err := rw.channel.Publish(
		"",
		rw.delivery.ReplyTo,
		false,
		false,
		amqp.Publishing{
			Headers:       res.GetHeaders().asMap(),
			ContentType:   res.GetContentType(),
			CorrelationId: rw.delivery.CorrelationId,
			Body:          res.GetBody(),
		})

	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	if !rw.autoAck {
		rw.delivery.Ack(false)
	}

	return nil
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: MSBuild Message Output Twice I have the following Target:
<Target Name="SetBinariesLocationForTeamBuild">
    <!--We add the following location paths because TFS Team Build first copies to \sources and \binaries folders
    rather than simply having the binaries in a \bin folder of the source folder
    at this point the build will be at: C:\Builds\3\x.Int.MIS\SupportBTDF\Sources\x.Int.MIS\Dev\V1.0\Src\Solutions\MIS\x.Int.MIS.Deployment
    so we need to go up 4 levels before going back down to binaries-->
    <Message Text="Value of TeamBuild=$(TeamBuild)"/>

    <Message Text="MSBuildProjectName: $(MSBuildProjectName)"/>
    <Message Text="MSBuildStartupDirectory: $(MSBuildStartupDirectory)"/>
    <Message Text="MSBuildProjectDirectory: $(MSBuildProjectDirectory)"/>
    <Message Text="MSBuildProjectFullPath: $(MSBuildProjectFullPath)"/>
    <Message Text="MSBuildThisFileDirectory: $(MSBuildThisFileDirectory)"/>

    <ItemGroup>
      <Schemas Condition ="'$(TeamBuild)' == 'True'" Include="x.Int.MIS.Schemas.dll">
        <LocationPath>..\..\..\..\..\..\..\..\binaries\</LocationPath>
      </Schemas>
    </ItemGroup>

    <ItemGroup>
      <Pipelines Condition ="'$(TeamBuild)' == 'True'" Include="x.Int.Pipelines.dll">
        <LocationPath>..\..\..\..\..\..\..\..\binaries\</LocationPath>
      </Pipelines>
    </ItemGroup>

    <ItemGroup>
      <PipelineComponents Condition ="'$(TeamBuild)' == 'True'" Include="x.Int.PipelineComponents.dll">
        <LocationPath>..\..\..\..\..\..\..\..\binaries\</LocationPath>
      </PipelineComponents>
    </ItemGroup>

    <ItemGroup>
      <Orchestrations Condition ="'$(TeamBuild)' == 'True'" Include="x.Int.Orchestrations.dll">
        <LocationPath>..\..\..\..\..\..\..\..\binaries\</LocationPath>
      </Orchestrations>
    </ItemGroup>

    <ItemGroup>
      <Transforms Condition ="'$(TeamBuild)' == 'True'" Include="x.Int.Transforms.dll">
        <LocationPath>..\..\..\..\..\..\..\..\binaries\</LocationPath>
      </Transforms>
    </ItemGroup>

    <Message Text="What is Schemas location path: %(Schemas.LocationPath)"/>
    <Message Text="What is Pipelines location path: %(Pipelines.LocationPath)"/>

  </Target>

I run the project from the command line passing in /p:TeamBuild=True /t:SetBinariesForTeamBuild. The output has me very puzzled...
Microsoft (R) Build Engine Version 4.0.30319.1
    [Microsoft .NET Framework, Version 4.0.30319.269]
    Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation 2007. All rights reserved.
Build started 24/07/2012 16:59:08.
Project "C:\Builds\3\x.Int.MIS\SupportBTDF\Sources\x.Int.MIS\Dev\V1.0\Src\Solutions\MIS\x.Int.MIS.Deployment\x.Int.MIS.Deployment.btdfproj" on node 1 (SetBinariesLocationForTeamBuild target(s)).
SetBinariesLocationForTeamBuild:
  Value of TeamBuild=True
  MSBuildProjectName: x.Int.MIS.Deployment
  MSBuildStartupDirectory: C:\Builds\3\x.Int.MIS\SupportBTDF\Sources\x.Int.MIS\Dev\V1.0\Src\Solutions\MIS\x.Int.MIS.Deployment
  MSBuildProjectDirectory: C:\Builds\3\x.Int.MIS\SupportBTDF\Sources\x.Int.MIS\Dev\V1.0\Src\Solutions\MIS\x.Int.MIS.Deployment
  MSBuildProjectFullPath: C:\Builds\3\x.Int.MIS\SupportBTDF\Sources\x.Int.MIS\Dev\V1.0\Src\Solutions\MIS\x.Int.MIS.Deployment\x.Int.MIS.Deployment.btdfproj
  MSBuildThisFileDirectory: C:\Builds\3\x.Int.MIS\SupportBTDF\Sources\x.Int.MIS\Dev\V1.0\Src\Solutions\MIS\x.Int.MIS.Deployment\
  What is Schemas location path: ..\x.Int.MIS.Schemas\bin\Debug
  What is Schemas location path: ..\..\..\..\..\..\..\..\binaries\
  What is Pipelines location path: ..\x.Int.MIS.Pipelines\bin\Debug
  What is Pipelines location path: ..\..\..\..\..\..\..\..\binaries\
Done Building Project "C:\Builds\3\x.Int.MIS\SupportBTDF\Sources\x.Int.MIS\Dev\V1.0\Src\Solutions\MIS\x.Int.MIS.Deployment\x.Int.MIS.Deployment.btdfproj" (SetBinariesLocationForTeamBuild target(s)).

Build succeeded.
    0 Warning(s)
    0 Error(s)

Time Elapsed 00:00:00.17

I want the location path to be the one with 8 ..\ but it is not - any idea why and why it gets printed twice!?

A: The @(Schemas) and @(Pipelines) item arrays are each getting another item tuple added to them, or else they couldn't be printing out.  There must be another target that is getting run in which this happens.  If you are running msbuild on the project using the exact command line, then the additional target would have to be either an entry in an InitialTargets on a Project, or else a target wired into the target above with a BeforeTargets or AfterTargets reference to this one.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Stay comfortable while you're outside when you put on this La Salle Explorers Class flex hat from Top of the World.
Mens_Top_of_the_World_Navy_La_Salle_Explorers_Class_Flex_Hat http://images.fanatics.com/lf http://dmimages.ff.p10/chains/2889948.txt false We are unable to customize this item with the text you have entered. Please try a different entry again. Your current entry cannot be processed due to guidelines for past and present player names. Please create a new entry.


text:
Russia-Georgia Flights Stop July 8...Zelenskiy Gets Good Press...US 2020 Aid to Ukraine: $700 million...Foreign Cos. to Goose Gas from Old Wells...With Jazz Fest Coming, Air Boom Spurs Lviv to Reopen Terminal 1
by James Brooke
UBN Morning News is reported and written by James Brooke, a former New York Times foreign correspondent and Bloomberg Moscow Bureau Chief
All flights between Russia and Georgia are to end two weeks from today, on July 8. In response to anti-Kremlin demonstrations in Tbilisi, President Putin on Friday ordered an end to sales of package tours to Georgia and an end to flights. On Saturday, Russia's transportation ministry banned Georgia's two airlines from flying to Russia. The bans affect six Russian airlines and effectively kills a fast-growing tourism industry that brought 1.4 million Russian tourists to Georgia last year, 16% of the total.
In response, Mamuka Khazaradze, founder of Georgia's TBC Bank, writes on Facebook: "I am ready to finance 10 charter flights of Georgian Airways for Ukrainian tourists from Kyiv to Tbilisi, in order to assist the Georgian tourism industry!" Georgia drew 177,000 tourists from Ukraine last year, the sixth largest nationality. Ukrainians and Georgians enjoy visa-free, passport-free travel, needing only to show their national ID cards to enter each other's country. Coincidentally, on Thursday, the day of the anti-Russia demonstrations in Tbilisi, Georgia opened an honorary consulate in Lviv.
With 'new blood' in the Rada, Zelenskiy will push for laws to create a farmland market, to strip members of parliament of immunity from prosecution and to crack down on officials using government jobs to get rich. In an interview with Reuters, Dmytro Razumkov, head of Zelenskiy's party, did not set a timetable for the land market. He also implied that control of the Rada would give a Zelenskiy government the power to pass necessary free-market changes. "The IMF has recently begun to take a rather tough position because this organization is fed up when it is constantly being deceived," he said. "I can cite many examples when certain agreements were reached between Ukraine and the IMF, and then we did not fulfil our commitments."
Don't miss the latest news!
"It's Amateur Hour in Ukraine, and That's Good," headines a Bloomberg Opinion piece by Leonid Bershkidsky, a Russian émigré journalist who is often skeptical of Ukraine. "Zelenskiy gets a rare opportunity to drain Kyiv's post-Soviet swamp," Bershidsky writes from Berlin. Predicting that the July 21 Rada elections will give Zelenskiy enough seats for a working majority, he writes: "That's likely to mean a revolution in Ukrainian politics not seen since the country gained independence in 1991 — for the political class, bigger even than the upheavals of 2004 and 2014." Looking at the new faces expected in parliament, he writes: "The parties likely to govern Ukraine after next month's election have selected people who will try to build a new system from the ground up."
In "Understanding Ukraine's Jewish President," a Wall Street Journal opinion piece, Natalie Gryvnyak quotes a childhood friend of Zelenskiy, Vadik Pereverzev, saying "what Volodymyr took from his family as tradition is an enormous work ethic"— not a religious identity. Grynnyak writes from Kyiv: "The election proved that politicians with ultranationalist or explicitly ethnic agendas don't have broad support. Instead, voters care about enhancing the rule of law, turning around the economy, and protecting Ukraine's territorial integrity."
Restoration of rail traffic with the Russia-controlled parts of Donetsk and Luhansk would result in big cargo increases for Ukrzaliznytsia — 40% for coal; 30% for iron ore; and 15% for ferrous metals. The estimates are published in the state railroad's strategy for 2019-2030. Although no concrete moves have been taken, Zelenskiy has said normalized economic relations with the occupied would be a step toward peace and reconciliation.
Ten days before the grain marketing year ends on June 30, Ukraine has exported 48.9 million tons of grain – 22.5% more than during the entire 2017-2018 marketing year. Yevhen Kravtsov, CEO of Ukrzaliznytsia, tells the UBN that the railroad is ready for a repeat of last year's bumper harvest with 1,750 operational freight locomotives, including 100 standing by in reserve.
After Zelenskiy promised business leaders on Thursday to carry through 'big privatizations,' the head of the State Property Fund immediately appealed to the new president to unblock privatizations, saying they have been frozen by "dubious lawsuits" since last December. "Otherwise, it will be too difficult to break the oligarchic system of 'freezing' state companies," Vitaliy Trubarov, head of the Fund, writes on Facebook.
The US House of Representatives has approved bills appropriating $700 million in aid to Ukraine next year, including $250 million in military aid. It is now up to the US Senate to approve matching legislation and for President Trump to sign the bills into law.
In South Korea's first solar project in Ukraine, GS Engineering & Construction signed a $24 million deal last week to build two solar plants in Zakarpattia. In the deal with Kyiv's Helios Strategia, two solar plants – with a combined 24MW capacity — are to be built by April near Mukachevo.
Companies from the US, China, Romania, and Ukraine are finalists for a Naftogaz project to increase gas production from depleted deposits in western Ukraine, Naftogaz CEO Andriy Kobolyev writes on Facebook. The four qualifying companies are Baker Hughes, from the US; a consortium of Xinjiang Bucking Energy Engineering and Zhongshi Shenli Petroleum Engineering, from China; Expert Petroleum Solutions SRL, from Romania; and Poltava Petroleum Company, from Ukraine. Kobolyev said he was happy to see the tender drew "powerful international players." Under production sharing agreements, winning companies would provide the money and technology and would share gas production with Naftogaz, the owner of the fields.
With the Leopolis Jazz Fest expected to draw thousands of visitors to Lviv this weekend, Lviv Airport reopens Terminal 1 today for domestic Motor Sich flights from Kyiv Zhuliany. Closed since Terminal A opened for the 2012 Euro Cup, the 1955-era Terminal 1 now finds a new life as air passenger traffic to Lviv grows this year by 50%. This growth follows a 48% y-o-y growth in air traffic last year. The goal is for all of Lviv's domestic traffic to go Terminal 1 – UIA flights from Kyiv Boryspil, and, in October, SkyUp flights from Boryspil.
Last week, this growth prompted the airport to double parking rates to 80 hryvnia day. Lviv's boom started two years ago when Wizz Air returned to Lviv. Ryanair soon followed. This year, it plans to carry 235,000 passengers on its Lviv routes, or 10% of the airport's forecast 2019 total of 2.4 million. Today, Lviv has direct flights to 33 foreign airports, largely in the EU.
Note from the Editor: Over the last week, I have seen the new President's name spelled four different ways in Roman letters – Zelensky, Zelenskiy, Zelenskyy and Zelenskyi. Without further ado, I am reverting to what seems to be the most normal: Zelenskiy. Best Jim Brooke jbrooke@ubn.news.
Read earlier news
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text:
Dan Gilbert on ad flop: 'We immediately killed this dumb campaign slogan'
By Steve Neavling on July 23, 2017 No Comment
Bedrock ad catches criticism for showing an image of all white people in a predominately black city. Photo via Facebook.
Billionaire Dan Gilbert responded to mounting criticism about his real estate company's controversial ad banner in downtown Detroit that depicted a large gathering of predominately white people next to the words, "See Detroit like we do."
On Sunday evening, Gilbert said he and Bedrock Real Estate Services "killed" the ad campaign, saying the banner was "tone deaf, in poor taste and does not reflect a single value or philosophy that we stand for at Bedrock Development,"
Here is Gilbert's full response:
We screwed up badly the graphic package that was partially installed on the retail windows of the first floor of the Vinton Building, in downtown Detroit, a structure we have been rebuilding for over two years and is nearing completion.
We messed up in two major ways:
1. Although not intended to create the kind of feelings it did, the slogan/statement we used on these graphics was tone deaf, in poor taste and does not reflect a single value or philosophy that we stand for at Bedrock Development or in our entire Family of companies. We have killed the "See Detroit As We Do" campaign.
Who cares how "we see Detroit"?!
What is important is that Detroit comes together as a city that is open, diverse, inclusive and is being redeveloped in a way that offers opportunities for all of its people and the expected numerous new residents that will flock to our energized, growing, job-producing town where grit, hard-work and brains meld together to raise the standard of living of all of its people.
We immediately killed this dumb campaign slogan as soon as it was communicated more widely in our company. You won't be seeing that tagline anywhere again.
2. The full graphic package that was slated to be installed across all of the retail windows on the Vinton Building was a very inclusive and diverse set of images that reflects the population of the city that we do business in and also reflects the diversity among our own
workforce in Detroit.
We became the City's largest employer of Detroiters because diversity and inclusion are core fundamental values to our entire mission of helping to grow Detroit's population, driving job growth, and increasing economic opportunity for all.
This past Friday, the installers of the graphic package put up just a portion of the entire installation. The graphic that was completed Friday was unfortunately, not diverse or inclusive when looked at by itself. The remaining graphics were scheduled to be installed and completed early this upcoming week.
As soon as we realized on Saturday that the partial installation would completely distort our vision for the finished project, we removed it so it would not cause further misinterpretation and confusion.
I have included an image of the full graphic package that was scheduled to be installed on the Vinton Building.
In other words, this is how it would have looked when it was completed.
As you can see, the full graphic arrangement would have reflected a very diverse and inclusive assembly of pictures consistent with our city, all of our companies' work force and the strong values that has always been at the very foundation of our businesses.
Even though the above final product would have been in line with our strong beliefs that all of our advertising and marketing reflect the communities where we do business and our work force, we have still tabled this particular campaign and will take the feedback and lessons learned here to even further examine our content, processes and even installation schedules to improve in all that we do.
We'll be better at this next time.
Rock Ventures
Dan Gilbert on ad flop: 'We immediately killed this dumb campaign slogan' added by Steve Neavling on July 23, 2017


Credit Score: The credit score provides an understanding of the credit position of the business and its owners. This is determined by evaluation of past loan repayment track record and any incident of credit risk. This is evaluated at the first stage before loan processing itself. A good credit score will improve the chance of loan approval with favourable terms. Defaultson payments, fraudulent activities, and huge outstanding dues will negatively impact the chance of obtaining small business funding. Further, an SME business owner need not lose heart. In case of rejection by banks, there are still chances of obtaining unsecured business loans from fintech lenders. However, one should not have indulged in intentional malpractice.
Criminal background: There is a strict no-no policy in case of lending to crime cases. If ever the loan applicant has been found guilty in a criminal act the probability of obtaining a business loan is nil. Every lender would only be willing to extend loans to law abiding citizens with a good track record as staying on the right side of the law.
Business Stability:This is an important factorwhile processing a business loan. Lenders lend to business units with regular income, earned from legal business activities and healthy profit margins. This is especially looked into by fintech lenders, which do not require collateral cover and provideunsecured business loans solely on the financial strength of the business.
The working capital loan is extended in the short term without collateral cover. Broadly, the basic eligibility criteria are a minimum turnover size, legal compliance of GST and IT Laws, profit generation and feasible business model.


For more than twenty (20) years my web agency, Ireckon, has been involved in planning, designing, programming and building web sites and web applications. Along the journey we have also been integrally involved in the online marketing of a number of the sites we work on.
We've worked on multi-national news publication sites, not-for-profits, ecommerce, corporate and personal sites and have been involved in a number of our own internal projects as well.
We specialise in wordpress sites and custom php sites using frameworks like symfony these days and if you wish to learn more you can visit the Brand site of Ireckon.
Prior to the release of my book The Complete Website Planning Guide I began consulting with business owners and their marketing teams on how to get better results. Conducted as workshops or full scoping engagements these offer one-on-one direct involvement by me to help you get the best out of your upcoming web projects.


text:
Episode 578 (5-24-21): Water Well Construction is an Ancient and Modern Human Practice
Unless otherwise noted, all Web addresses mentioned were functional as of 5-21-21.
From the Cumberland Gap to the Atlantic Ocean, this is Virginia Water Radio for the week of May 24, 2021. This revised episode from June 2014 is part of a series this year of groundwater-related episodes.
That rattling and humming sound opens an episode on an ancient human practice related to groundwater. Have a listen for about 10 more seconds, and see if you can guess what's making the sound. And here's a hint: think deep into human civilization, and you'll guess well enough.
SOUND - ~9 sec
If you guessed, drilling a water well, you're right! That was the sound of a well-drilling rig in June 2014, working through 100 to 200 feet of limestone bedrock to reach groundwater for a residence in Montgomery County, Virginia. For thousands of years, humans have been developing ways to dig below the earth's surface to reach groundwater aquifers. Digging with hands and tools was the first method, of course. Today dug wells, as well as bored or driven wells, remain in use in areas of the United States and in other parts of the world.
But drilling allows deeper and narrower wells. In the United States, water-well drilling dates back to the early 1800s. Since then, many different drilling methods and machines have been developed to adapt to the various geological conditions drillers encounter and to make drilling more efficient. Modern well drillers also must follow regulations intended to prevent groundwater pollution that could threaten public health or the environment. In Virginia, that tradition dates back at least to 1610, when the Colony of Virginia's first sanitation law required that, quote, "no man or woman...make cleane, any kettle, pot, or pan, or such like vessell within twenty foote of the olde well."
Thanks to Blacksburg well-driller Wayne Fenton for permission to record this week's sounds.
We close with some music from the era of that 1610 well-protection law in the Virginia colony. Here's about 20 seconds of "Sir John Smith His Almayne," composed by John Dowland, a popular English musician during the early 1600s, and performed here by Timothy Seaman of Williamsburg, Va.
This Virginia Water Radio episode revises and replaces Episode 219, 6-23-14.
The sounds in this episode were recorded on June 20, 2014, at a residential well-drilling site in Montgomery County, Va. Thanks to Wayne Fenton, owner at that time of Fenton Well Drilling and Pump Service in Blacksburg, Va., for permission to record his work that day and for providing information in for this original (2014) version of this episode. More information about Fenton Well Drilling and Pump Service is available online at https://fentonwellandpumpservice.com/.
"Sir John Smith, His Almayne," from the 2006 album "Jamestown: On the Edge of a Vast Continent," is copyright by Timothy Seaman and Pine Wind Music, used with permission. More information about Timothy Seaman is available online at http://timothyseaman.com/en/. According to Timothy Dickey ("John Dowland—Sir John Smith, his Almain, for Lute, P47," AllMusic Web site, online at http://www.allmusic.com/composition/sir-john-smith-his-almain-for-lute-p-47-mc0002373007), an almayne, or almain, is a dance typically considered to be of German origin, or a tune for such a dance; and John Dowland (ca. 1563-1626), composed this piece for some Englishman with that fairly common name (but not, evidently, for the Captain John Smith of Jamestown Colony fame). More information from Timothy Dickey on John Dowland is available online at https://www.allmusic.com/artist/john-dowland-mn0000770105/biography. This music was used previously by Virginia Water Radio in Episode 350, 1-9-17.
Top: Well-drilling rig. Bottom: Rotary drilling and the mixture of soil, rock, and water being brought to the surface. Both photos taken at a Montgomery County, Va., residential well-drilling project by Fenton Well Drilling and Pump Service of Blacksburg, Va., June 20, 2014.
Charles W. Carlston, "Notes on the early history of water-well drilling in the United States," Economic Geology (Vol. 38, pages 119-136, 1943); available online at https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/segweb/economicgeology/article/38/2/119/15747/Notes-on-the-early-history-of-water-well-drilling (subscription may be required for access).
Thomas V. Cech, Principles of Water Resources: History, Development, Management, and Policy, Third Edition, John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, N.J., 2010, pages 1-4.
Fletcher G. Driscoll, Groundwater and Wells, Second Edition, Johnson Screen, St. Paul, Minn., 1986.
Henrico County, Va., "Well Water FAQ" (undated), online at https://henrico.us/health/environmental-health/groundwater-and-wells/. as of 5/21/21.
Bruce Misstear et al., Water Wells and Boreholes, John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, England, 2006, pages 1-6.
U.S. Geological Survey, "Groundwater Wells," online at https://www.usgs.gov/special-topic/water-science-school/science/groundwater-wells?qt-science_center_objects=0#qt-science_center_objects.
U.S. Peace Corps, "Wells Construction: Hand Dug and Hand Drilled (M0009)," April 13, 2017, online at https://pclive.peacecorps.gov/pclive/index.php/environment/item/1198-wells-construction-hand-dug-and-hand-drilled-m0009.
Virginia Department of Health, "About Us (Old)" online at https://www.vdh.virginia.gov/drinking-water/about-us/ (information on Virginia's 1610 sanitation law).
Virginia Humanities, Encyclopedia Virginia, "Lawes Divine, Morall and Martiall," online at https://encyclopediavirginia.org/entries/lawes-divine-morall-and-martiall/ (information on Virginia's 1610 sanitation law).
Virginia Legislative Information System, "Private Well Regulations," Virginia Administrative Code, Sec. 12 VAC 5-630, online at https://law.lis.virginia.gov/admincode/title12/agency5/chapter630/section30/. "Design and Construction Criteria" are in Part III, starting at Section 12 VAC 5-630-350, online at https://law.lis.virginia.gov/admincode/title12/agency5/chapter630/section350/.
Virginia Places, "Waste Management," online at http://www.virginiaplaces.org/waste/ (information on Virginia's 1610 sanitation law).
WaterAid, "Technology Resources," online at https://washmatters.wateraid.org/publications/technology-resources.
For More Information about Groundwater in Virginia or Elsewhere
Stan Cohen, The Homestead and Warm Springs Valley, Virginia: A Pictorial Heritage, Pictorial Histories Publishing Company, Charleston, W. Va., 1984.
Marshall Fishwick, Springlore in Virginia, Bowling Green State University Popular Press, Bowling Green, Ky., 1978.
Philip LaMoreaux and Judy Tanner, eds., Springs and Bottled Waters of the World: Ancient History, Source, Occurrence, Quality, and Use, Springer-Verlag, Berlin and Heidelberg Germany, 2001; information available online at https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321613235_Springs_and_Bottled_Waters_of_the_World_Ancient_History_Source_Occurence_Quality_and_Use (subscription may be required).
National Speleological Society, online at http://www.caves.org/.
"Pulse of the Planet" (Web site: http://www.pulseplanet.com/) segments with Virginia well-driller Eric Rorrer and with Erin Ling, the coordinator of the Virginia Household Water Quality Program and Virginia Well-owner Network (in the Virginia Tech Department of Biological Systems Engineering). The three segments are as follows:
March 10, 2014: Water-Drilling;
March 11, 2014: Water - Surface and Ground;
March 12, 2014: Water-Well Maintenance.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) "Ground Water and Drinking Water," online at https://www.epa.gov/ground-water-and-drinking-water.
George Veni et al., "Living with Karst," American Geological Institute Environmental Awareness Series, 2001; available online at http://www.agiweb.org/environment/publications/karst.pdf.
Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation, "Virginia Natural Heritage Karst Program," online at https://www.dcr.virginia.gov/natural-heritage/karsthome; see particularly "Introduction to Virginia's Karst," online (as a PDF) at https://www.dcr.virginia.gov/natural-heritage/document/introvakarst.pdf.
Virginia Department of Environmental Quality, "Commonwealth of Virginia State Water Resources Plan," April 2015, available online at https://www.deq.virginia.gov/water/water-quantity/water-supply-planning/virginia-water-resources-plan.
Virginia Museum of History and Culture, "The Regions of Virginia," online at https://virginiahistory.org/learn/regions-virginia.
Virginia Places, "Caves and Springs in Virginia," online at http://www.virginiaplaces.org/cave/.
Virginia Places, "Thermal Springs in Virginia," online at http://www.virginiaplaces.org/watersheds/hotsprings.html.
Virginia Water Resources Research Center groundwater-related publications from the 1980s to the 2000s are listed and linked online at https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/handle/10919/23964/discover?rpp=10&etal=0&query=groundwater&group_by=none&page=3. Here are some key publications:
*Author unidentified, A Guide to Private Wells, 1995, online at https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/handle/10919/55265.
*J.A. Poff, A Guide to Virginia's Groundwater, 1997, online at https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/handle/10919/55247.
*J.A. Poff, A Homeowner's Guide to the Development, Maintenance, and Protection of Springs as a Drinking Water Source, Virginia Water Resources Research Center, Blacksburg, 1999, online at https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/handle/10919/55268
Following are links to other groundwater-related episodes. Note that some of these episodes are being re-done in May-June 2021, following posting of this episode. If that has occurred at the time you are viewing this post, the links below will redirect you to the updated episodes.
Caves, caverns, and other karst features – Episode 527, 6-1-20.
Eastern Virginia groundwater and the SWIFT project – Episode 534, 7-20-20.
Groundwater introduction – Episode 575, 5-3-21.
Information sources on Virginia's water resources generally, including groundwater) – Episode 546, 10-12-20.
Springs – Episode 576, 5-10-21.
Testing water from wells and other household water sources – Episode 361, 3-27-17.
Virginia's Western Highlands and thermal springs – Episode 577. 5-17-21.
Winter precipitation and water supplies, including the role of groundwater replenishment – Episode 567, 3-8-21.
1.8 – Natural resources can be used responsibly.
BIO.8 – Dynamic equilibria exist within populations, communities, and ecosystems.
Episode 579 (5-31-21): Water from Wells, Springs, ...
Episode 578 (5-24-21): Water Well Construction is ...
Episode 577 (5-17-21): Water's at the Heart of Vir...
Episode 576 (5-10-21): An Introduction to Springs
Episode 575 (5-3-21): Making Connections to Ground...


text:
Eremochares luteus är en biart som först beskrevs av Taschenberg 1869.  Eremochares luteus ingår i släktet Eremochares och familjen grävsteklar. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Grävsteklar
luteus

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


In running training I specialise in fundamental, corrective and advance running techniques.
An indepth workshop (expert coaching & video analysis) will show you how certain shapes and movements affect your running, after which you will become more Economical, Efficient and Effective in your running. Something that I like to call "the Three E's".
Technically from birth, I believe, we have an innate knowledge and wherewithal of how to run and strengthen our bodies. However, as we grow through adolescence and maturity, changes to our mind set (and bad habits) will alter us physically and mentally and we will ultimately lose site of those basic aspects of our technique..
We were all designed to run.
Bold statement I know but the same way there are BMW's, Maserati's, Ka's and Clio's, a car for every occasion so too are there people for every occasion.
Some can run for 1 mile some 5 miles some for 20 miles. The issue here is who are we and what does our body type tell us?


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Last Friday, a group of teachers who lead Roots and Shoots and environmental programs at their schools attended a workshop to discuss the launch of JGIS and Roots and Shoots' new campaign to end palm oil pollution. In an international collaboration with Roots and Shoots groups in countries including New Zealand, Australia, Chile and others, this year students will work to educate their peers and communities about the ecological, wildlife and social costs of palm oil, along with other environmental and social projects.
The teacher training workshop was well attended by many extraordinary teachers who spoke of their students' strong record of engagement and excitement about future plans for their students, and was run by longstanding volunteers Quek Xiao Tong and Tan Beng Chiak, with assistance from Roots and Shoots volunteers with teaching backgrounds. Xiao Tong spoke about the Roots and Shoots steering meetings she attended at Windsor Castle last year, with representatives from R&S groups all over the world, where the decision was made that Singapore would be one of the countries to lead the campaign against palm oil pollution.
The teacher training focused on providing teachers with a background on the palm oil issue, the difficulty of avoiding palm oil while shopping, investigating alternatives, and brainstorming ways to encourage student leaders to come up with and implement projects and solutions for their schools and communities.
A big thank you to all of the passionate teachers and volunteers involved in opening a door to a brighter and more hopeful future for the next generation! If you are interested in finding out more, or starting a Roots and Shoots branch in your school, or know a student who might be interested in pursuing an independent project, please contact us at jgirnss@gmail.com.


text:
Sustainability Context – What Is It?
Mark McElroy
Published 10 years ago. About a 3 minute read.
Image: RawPixel
As some readers of this column may already know, I have for the past several years been advocating for the adoption of an approach to sustainability management known as context-based sustainability, or CBS. CBS is not only the most intellectually rigorous form of sustainability management, it is the one upon which the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) explicitly relies in the form of what it refers to as sustainability context.
Notwithstanding the fact that GRI requires the inclusion of context in reports prepared in accordance with its guidelines, it is the rare exception that a GRI-based report actually does so. And because of that, it is also the case that few corporate sustainability reports have ever actually reported on the sustainability performance of organizations – eco-efficiency, philanthropy, or citizenship, perhaps, but not sustainability.
So what exactly is sustainability context? Here, briefly, is how GRI defines it (GRI, G3.1):
"The underlying question of sustainability reporting is how an organization contributes, or aims to contribute in the future, to the improvement or deterioration of economic, environmental, and social conditions, developments, and trends at the local, regional, or global level. Reporting only on trends in individual performance (or the efficiency of the organization) will fail to respond to this underlying question….This will involve discussing the performance of the organization in the context of the limits and demands placed on environmental or social resources at the sectoral, local, regional, or global level. For example, this could mean that in addition to reporting on trends in eco-efficiency, an organization might also present its absolute pollution loading in relation to the capacity of the regional ecosystem to absorb the pollutant."
Later on in the Technical Protocol section of G3.1, GRI provides a second example as follows:
"…performance [should be expressed] in relation to information about economic, environmental, and social conditions in relevant locations, e.g., discussing water consumption in relation to available supply in a particular location."
Now while it is true that GRI does call for the inclusion of context in measurement and reporting, it is also true that it largely fails to enforce it. It fails to enforce it by (1) not providing sufficient guidelines for exactly how to do so, and (2) making it possible for reports that are completely devoid of context to receive superior (A+) ratings, nonetheless.
Context in sustainability measurement, management and reporting plays a very important and specific role. What it provides are standards of performance against which social and environmental impacts can be measured. Consider the two GRI examples above. The first one points to the limited capacity of an ecosystem to absorb pollution; the second one points to a limited capacity of a different kind: the extent of local water supplies.
Sustainability context, then, consists of norms, standards or thresholds for what an organization's impacts on vital resources in the world would have to be, or not be, in order to be sustainable. It is determined by defining levels of such resources required to ensure stakeholder well-being; what their current status is; and the extent to which an organization is responsible for preserving, producing and/or maintaining them.
For environmental impacts, thresholds are expressed in terms of maximums: levels of resource consumption that should not be exceeded; for social and economic impacts, the logic reverses: impacts are expressed in terms of minimums, since the resources involved are human-made (e.g., knowledge, teams, organizations, material objects, etc.). Either way, there are thresholds involved – benchmarks for assessing the sustainability performance of organizations, instead of no benchmarks at all.
Questions abound, I know, but they will have to wait. I will have more to say about this in forthcoming columns of mine. For now, let us simply acknowledge and understand that most of what passes for mainstream measurement, management and reporting in corporate sustainability is context free, and as such does not comprise sustainability measurement and reporting at all. Indeed, how could it? There are no thresholds involved – which is a little bit like trying to assess profitability by using income statements that omit costs.
Because the exclusion of context in sustainability measurement, management and reporting is so pervasive, examples of its absence and their effects are legion. In future contributions of mine, I will examine many such cases, while highlighting the need to correct them. This will include examples of missing context across the entire Sustainability Performance Value Chain (see Figure 1). Stay tuned for that!
Center for Sustainable Organizations
Published Jul 18, 2011 1pm EDT / 10am PDT / 6pm BST / 7pm CEST
Founder / Executive Director
Mark W. McElroy, Ph.D. is the founder and Executive Director of the Center for Sustainable Organizations and the original developer of the Context-Based Sustainability method.
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text:
\section{Measurement Details and Line Cuts of Larmor and Ramsey Oscillations}

The data shown in Fig.~1(c) of the main text is acquired by sweeping the voltage $V_\mathrm{L}$ on gate L as a function of the pulse duration $t_\mathrm{p}$.  As $t_\mathrm{p}$ increases, \mae{because of the high-pass filter in the bias-tee for the high frequency line,} the time-averaged voltage on gate L changes, resulting in a linear change in the relationship between $V_\mathrm{L}$ and detuning $\varepsilon$.  Thus, to remove this offset, before converting to $\varepsilon$ we shift each vertical scanline by an amount $\delta V_\mathrm{L} = V_\mathrm{p} \times t_\mathrm{p} \times f_\mathrm{rep}$, where $V_\mathrm{p}$ is the pulse amplitude and $f_\mathrm{rep}$ is the pulse repetition frequency.  The vertical axis in Fig.~1(c) then is converted to $\varepsilon_\mathrm{p}$, the detuning value at the peak of the pulse, by noting that the main, slowest oscillation corresponds to $\varepsilon_\mathrm{p} = 0$, and by fitting the change in Larmor frequency as a function of $V_\mathrm{L}$ for small positive $\varepsilon_\mathrm{p}$.
For our experimental conditions, one Volt applied to the high frequency coaxial line connected to gate L results in a change in gate voltage of
6.6~mV on that gate.
The connection between $V_\mathrm{L}$ and detuning $\varepsilon$ is $\alpha_\mathrm{L,\varepsilon} =  -24~\mathrm{\mu eV/mV}$ for the Larmor oscillation data and $\alpha_\mathrm{L,\varepsilon} =  -36~\mathrm{\mu eV/mV}$ for the Ramsey fringe and charge echo data (these data sets were acquired at different gate voltage tunings of the dots). The lever arm is determined by fitting the Larmor oscillation frequency as a function of gate voltage $f = \sqrt{{\alpha_\mathrm{L,\varepsilon}V_L}^2
+ 4\Delta^2}/h$. \\

\setcounter{subfigure}{1}
\begin{figure}
\includegraphics[width=.44\textwidth]{figS1_V7.pdf}
\caption{\label{fig:plots4}
Ramsey fringe analysis.
(a) Integration of the transconductance $G_\mathrm{L}$ from Fig.~2(a) of the main text yields the probability $P_\mathrm{(1,2)}$ of occupying the (1,2) charge state in the regime where the (2,1) charge state is the ground state. The data is normalized by noting that the total charge transferred across the polarization line is one electron. The red dashed box indicates the location of the fringes.
(b) Dark gray: line cut of the data in (a), at the detuning $\varepsilon=-120~\mu$eV.  Light gray: Smooth background that is subtracted from the line cut before fitting the data to a damped sinusoidal form.
(c) (The same as Fig.~2(b) in the main text.)  Gray: the data from (b) after subtraction of the smooth background.
Red: fit to the form
$A\exp (-(\tau-\tau_0)^2/T_{2}^{*2}) \cos (\omega t + \phi) + C$, which yields $T_2^* = 127 \pm 8$~ps
 .}
\end{figure}

\setcounter{subfigure}{2}
\begin{figure*}
\includegraphics[width=0.85\textwidth]{figS2_V7.pdf}
\caption{\label{fig:plots5}
Analysis of echo data for extraction of the decoherence time $T_2$.
(a--c)  Transconductance $G_L$ as a function of the base level of detuning $\varepsilon$ and $\delta t$ (defined in the main text) for total free evolution times of $t=390$~ps, $t=690$~ps, and $t=990$~ps, respectively.  (d--f) Fourier transforms of the charge occupation $P_{(1,2)}$ as a function of detuning $\varepsilon$ and oscillation frequency $f$ for the data in (a--c), respectively.  We obtain $P_{(1,2)}$ (not shown here) by integrating the transconductance data in (a--c) and normalizing by noting that the total charge transferred across the polarization line is one electron.  Fast Fourier transforming the time-domain data of $P_{(1,2)}$ allows us to quantify the amplitude of the oscillations visible near $\delta t = 0$. The oscillations of interest appear as weight in the FFT that moves to higher frequency at more negative detuning (farther from the anti-crossing). For an individual detuning energy, the FFT has nonzero weight for a nonzero bandwidth. (g) Echo amplitude as a function of free evolution time $t$. The data points (dark circles) are obtained at $\varepsilon=-120$~$\mu$eV by integrating a horizontal line cut of the FFT data over a bandwidth range
of $46$-$72$~GHz, then normalizing by the echo oscillation amplitude of the first data point, as described in the supplemental text. The echo oscillation amplitudes, plotted for multiple free evolution times, decay with characteristic time $T_2$ as the free evolution time $t$ is made longer. By fitting the decay to a Gaussian, we obtain $T_2 = 760 \pm 190$~ps.
(h--j) Fourier transforms of the transconductance $G_L$ as a function of $\varepsilon$ and oscillation frequency $f$ for (a--c), respectively.   As $t$ is increased, the magnitude for oscillations at a given frequency decays with characteristic time $T_2$.  We take the magnitude of the FFT at the point where the central feature (black line) intersects $65$~GHz.  (k) Measured FFT magnitudes at 65~GHz for multiple free evolution times (dark circles) with a Gaussian fit (red line), which yields $T_2 = 620 \pm 140$~ps, in reasonable agreement with the result shown in (g).}

\end{figure*}

Figure~\ref{fig:plots4}(a) shows the results of the integration of the data in Fig.~2(a) in the main text, normalized to obtain the probability $P_\mathrm{(1,2)}$ of being in the (1,2) charge configuration when (2,1) is the ground state.  Fig.~\ref{fig:plots4}(b) shows a line cut through the plot in Fig.~\ref{fig:plots4}(a) at the value of $\varepsilon=-120~\mu$eV.  Fig.~\ref{fig:plots4}(c), which is the same as Fig.~2(c) in the main text, shows the Ramsey fringes after subtraction of the smooth background shown in Fig.~\ref{fig:plots4}(b).

\section{Analysis of charge echo experiment}

To extract $T_2$ from the charge echo data we perform two analyses.  In the first, the oscillation amplitude is quantified at a given value of the detuning by analyzing the fast Fourier transform (FFT) of the probability $P_{(1,2)}$.  In the second, the oscillation amplitude is quantified at a given oscillation frequency by analyzing the FFT of $G_\mathrm{L}$.  As shown below, the results from the two methods are consistent.

The results presented in Fig.~2 of the main text were obtained by analyzing the oscillation amplitude of $P_{(1,2)}$ at fixed detuning.  To get $P_{(1,2)}$ as a function of detuning and $\delta t$, we integrate the time-domain data (such as that shown in Fig.~S2(a--c)) from top to bottom.  After removing a linear background, we normalize by noting that the total charge transferred across the polarization line is one electron.  We perform an FFT (using Igor Pro~\cite{wavemetrics}), and to ensure that the FFT magnitude is comparable for different values of $t$, we use the same number of points (or equivalently, the same length of time) from each data set by taking a $364$~ps cut centered about $\delta t \approx 0$.  The transforms are shown in Fig.~S2(d--f).  The oscillations of interest appear as spectral weight that moves to higher frequency at more negative detuning (farther from the anti-crossing). Moreover, for each value of the detuning, the FFT magnitude is nonzero over a certain range of frequencies.

To extract the charge oscillation amplitude from these FFTs, we first take a horizontal trace from the FFT data at $\varepsilon=-120~\mu$eV, where the pulse tip is around zero detuning. We then integrate the trace over a bandwidth region from $46$ to $72$~GHz.  Because for the shortest free evolution time $t$ the oscillations in $P_{(1,2)}$ can be extracted easily from the untransformed data, we use that oscillation amplitude to normalize each of the FFT integrations, allowing us to plot a normalized oscillation amplitude as a function of $t$ in Fig.~S2(g).  The echo amplitude decays as the free evolution time $t$ is made longer, with a characteristic time $T_2$. Fitting a Gaussian to the decay yields $T_2 = 0.76 \pm 0.19$~ns.

For comparison, we also extract $T_2$ from an analysis of the FFT of the unintegrated transconductance data at fixed oscillation frequency.  We perform an FFT with a square window function on a $386$~ps cut centered at $\delta t \approx 0$ and plot the magnitude as a function of detuning and frequency, as shown in Fig.~S2(h--j).  We take the magnitude at the point where the central feature (black line) intersects 65 GHz and plot this quantity as a function of $t$ (Fig.~S2(k)).  Fitting to a Gaussian decay yields $T_2 = 0.62 \pm 0.14$~ns.  As Fig.~S2 demonstrates, the two approaches of extracting $T_2$ yield similar results.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


Just waking up – Saliva flow slows significantly during sleep, which allows bacteria to grow.
Poor oral hygiene – When food particles remain in the mouth for long periods of time bacteria tends to grow.
Periodontal Disease – Pockets of bacteria underneath inflamed gums.
Dry Mouth – Whether caused by medications or salivary gland problems (or even continuous mouth breathing), dry mouth can diminish the mouth's ability to fight off bacteria.
Tobacco products – These can dry the mouth out and promote bacterial growth.
Dieting – Sometimes chemicals called ketones are released as the body burns fat, which can cause bad breath.
You should have a dental cleaning at least twice per year. Not only does the cleaning keep plaque under control, but it gives your dentist the opportunity to check for cavities and other more serious problems with your teeth and gums. The earlier your dentist can detect and treat these problems, the easier and less expensive it will be for you.
Four out of five people have periodontal disease and don't know it! This is largely because in the early stages there is no pain, unlike tooth decay which can become uncomfortable.
Periodontal disease begins when plaque is left on teeth and gums. The bacteria begins producing toxins that wear away at teeth and gums. It can be difficult to tell at first when this begins happening, which is another reason regular visits to the dentist are important.
Brushing doesn't remove all the food particles, plaque, and bacteria from between your teeth. Food that builds up here is a big cause of periodontal disease.
The most effective way for you to remove this debris is by flossing. Use 12-16 inches of dental floss and wrap it around your middle fingers, leaving about 2 inches of floss between your hands. Gently guide the floss between your teeth with your forefingers using a slow sawing motion, cleaning both sides of each tooth.
If you have difficulty maneuvering conventional floss, floss holders are recommended.
Over the years our outer layer of tooth enamel wears away, which can reveal a darker or yellower shade. Smoking, coffee, tea, and wine can all discolor teeth. Certain medications, particularly during childhood, can also discolor teeth.
A popular method for correcting stained or discolored teeth is professional whitening. This is a simple, non-invasive procedure used to enhance the brightness and color of your teeth and restore your smile. Over the counter methods of tooth whitening are also available, but are less effective and slower acting than what your dentist can offer. Additionally, not all over the counter whitening products are approved by the American Dental Association (ADA).
A tooth that has been knocked out can potentially be re-implanted if certain conditions are met. First, after you've located the missing tooth handle it only by the crown, or the part of the tooth used for chewing. Try not to touch the roots of the tooth.
If the tooth has dirt or debris on it, rinse it only in whole milk or your own saliva. If that is not possible you can rinse it very gently with water.
If it's possible, try to place the tooth back into its socket immediately, and bite down gently to keep the tooth in place. Apply a cold compress to reduce pain and swelling as needed. If the tooth cannot be placed back into its socket, place it in a small container covered with whole milk or your saliva. You can also place the tooth under your tongue or lower lip to keep it moist during transport. Try to make it to your dentist within 30 minutes of the tooth being knocked out to maximize the chances the tooth can be re-implanted.
IF YOU HAVE OTHER QUESTIONS OR CONCERNS, CALL US AT (336) 841-0000.