text:
Fence Hopping
ByGeorge Alger September 1, 2022 October 1, 2022
READ SHORT STORY BELOW (about 1500 words)
Young boys do stupid things. I was no exception. Back then if you had asked, "What was I thinking?" I could only reply that I wasn't.
In retrospect, my justification was being a city kid in the winter, duly enrolled in the school of hard knocks.
When I heard the distinct "thump" immediately followed by screeching tires, the perpetrator was obvious. There I was, standing plain to see about 60 yards away, the only human nearby. That residential intersection never looked so bleak as on that dark gray overcast midday.
To my 11-year-old self, I pledged that if I got away I would never be in this predicament again.
No one would call me an athlete or a particularly fast runner. But I did possess one skill that would help me evade all pursuers, young or old. And although anyone who could drive a car was certainly older, I had already observed he wasn't an adult. Which was a worst-case scenario. He was compelled to take this unprovoked attack on his old car more personally than any responsible human. To that driver, this matter was no prank.
It's true the snowball may have dented the roof of his beat-up car. But it's also true that it may not have. For it was merely a snowball. Albeit one that was packed tightly and if it was only a few degrees warmer would be more slush than snow. In other words, it was heavy and dense. No light, powdery puffballs on this day.
What we can know for sure is that based upon the loudness of the roof thump, it would have made an unfriendly sound to any driver a few inches beneath it.
Call it a momentary psychic connection or call it imagination and fear, but at the instant of impact, I could feel the driver's reaction. After brief disorientation, and then a realization of what just happened, a sense of profound disrespect struck him as hard as if he was in a convertible and the object had exploded on his head. For he was a kid himself, even though vested by the state of Michigan with a license to operate a motor vehicle. But any older teenager's idea of being harassed by a preteen would be manifestly more insulting than to any adult too busy with responsibilities to care about an annoying juvenile.
To this teenage driver, I had declared war.
Death was the only proper response.
Worse yet, the driver would have no appreciation for the skill it had taken to toss a projectile that distance and make it land on the intended target. Even if the thrower considered it unlikely that it might have landed near enough to be noticed at all. Especially, in view of the fact that the weight of the wet snowball required a high trajectory in hope of attaining that distance. It was thrown so high that it was difficult to say where it would ultimately land. But its very height provided increased velocity and punch when it met its end.
For an unathletic kid, this moment should have been admired for the successful convergence of several new firsts. The first time throwing anything so high. The first time trying to hit a target so far away. The first time attempting to hit an accelerating target at the time of release. You see, the car had pulled up to the deserted intersection I had just passed a few moments earlier. It made a left after I made a right. I timed its release just as he rounded the intersection, intuitively calculating its future position relative to the missile launch. If he had gone slower or faster, the Hail Mary would have missed.
But it didn't.
Resulting in a mixture of pride and dread.
Now, I faced certain doom as a result of my unanticipated success.
Which precipitated my one dependable talent: hopping fences.
As a matter of urban survival, I could outpace others who may have been faster, but who would handle the endless fences in our Detroit neighborhood with a somewhat conventional approach: They would climb the obstacles. Whereas, I would vault over them. Albeit, inelegantly.
Don't get me wrong. I was rarely able to leap over a fence that was about the height of my nose (or higher) and land on my feet to keep running. But I could nevertheless get on the other side faster.
It came down to technique. A few of them.
The first was simply launching myself over the fence, clearing the top, while somersaulting in midair. If I had the capacity to flip faster, my feet would end up beneath me. But I was no gymnast. In reality, I would land on the back of my shoulders while continuing a natural roll to absorb the tumble and then use the momentum to get up quickly and repeat the same trick on the other side of the yard. (This same action would likely result in my older self being bedridden for a few days).
Of course, there are different styles of fences, with varying heights and diverse construction, requiring custom approaches. If there was anything to grab, such as a top rail or post, such could serve as a pivot point to guide myself over. With just that little bit of support, I might land on my feet, sometimes facing forward and sometimes backward, depending upon how tall it was. If I landed backward, facing the fence, I would spin around and sprint to the next one, merely seconds away.
But if it was a chainlink fence with metal mesh awaiting to entangle young fingers, or if vertical slats extended beyond the top rail, a hands-free somersault was demanded. This posed a greater potential for injury if I didn't land correctly, but was quite an advantage when I did, which was almost always the case. Other times, particularly while in the learning phase, I'd get the wind knocked out of me and disoriented for a bit, which is OK when you're not being chased.
Finally, for those backyards with particularly tall fences (some people just need more privacy), a dual-motion technique was required. While running at full speed, I'd launch myself high enough to grab the top rail, with my legs pulled in so that I could simultaneously frog-kick my feet from the middle of the fence and propel myself over.
Contrast these techniques with the standard way most approach a fence — pausing and climbing — you can envision the time saved. No matter how many kids might be blasting through the backyards of countless properties, it would only take a few before I held a firm lead.
So, when I became unexpectedly amazed and terrorized by the results of my impossible snowball arc, I opted for another tried-and-true path of fence-hopping escape.
Suffice to say that the annoyed driver became even more frustrated as he drove up and down the street and around the block, tracking my progress as he spied me. With on-and-off sightings between the houses, he followed me catapulting through backyards as best as he could, keenly aware he would never catch me in that environment. Yet, constantly recalculating where I might emerge into open space so as to intercept and deliver a well-deserved beating.
It was a battle of wits and physical maneuvering.
Sometimes I'd go backward, sometimes laterally, sometimes pausing, but mostly moving forward. Anytime I observed he was predicting my movements, I would change course.
Ultimately, it was not much of a cat and mouse game because I could simply stop when out of sight, forcing him into a continual time-wasting loop of circling the block until giving up.
Which, in fact, is what occurred, since I had a prohibitive advantage unbeknownst to the driver. The block of backyards I was vaulting happened to be the same in which I lived. I knew where all the dogs were. I knew hiding spots. And I certainly knew where I lived. All I needed was to get home without being near my own house whenever he might last catch sight of me.
Once safely inside, I surreptitiously peeked out the window to see his frantic stop-and-go driving, his up-and-down-the-street hunting, and endless around-the-block searching. He clearly didn't know I was out-of-sight and out-of-reach.
The result: no beating on that day.
Furthermore, that was the last time anyone would ever need to ask, what was I thinking? At least when it came to throwing snowballs at moving vehicles driven by vengeful teenagers.
Having said that, adventurous boys and urban sprawl provide endless opportunities for additional city shenanigans and life lessons in the school of hard knocks.
by George Alger
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Circles & Water


text:
Tom Hanks to host Biden inauguration TV show
The 90-minute show titled "Celebrating America" will feature musical performances from Jon Bon Jovi, Justin Timberlake and Demi Lovato.
US actor Tom Hanks. Picture: @goldenglobes/Twitter
AFP | 6 days ago
NEW YORK - Joe Biden has cast himself as a unifier for the nation, but there is someone else the incoming administration hopes can help start healing a divided United States next week: universally beloved actor Tom Hanks.
The Forrest Gump star will host a special programme broadcast simultaneously on all major US networks on the night of Biden's inauguration, American media reported.
The 90-minute show titled _Celebrating America _will feature musical performances from Jon Bon Jovi, Justin Timberlake and Demi Lovato.
"I'm SO honored to announce that I will be joining @JoeBiden & @KamalaHarris for their special event," Lovato wrote on Twitter.
I'm SO honored to announce that I will be joining @JoeBiden & @KamalaHarris for their special event, "Celebrating America" on January 20th at 8:30pm ET/PT ❤🤍💙 I was left speechless when I was asked to perform! Tune in with various tv networks & live streaming services 🇺🇸 pic.twitter.com/YiYmQ43M51
— Demi Lovato (@ddlovato) January 13, 2021
The broadcast - organised by the Presidential Inaugural Committee - will replace the usual festivities at the swearing-in ceremony, canceled this year because of the coronavirus pandemic.
Aretha Franklin sang at Barack Obama's first inauguration in 2009, while Beyonce performed at his second four years later.
Trump had to settle for less well-known artists in 2017 due to his unpopularity in the entertainment world. Country singer Toby Keith headlined the event.
The Hanks-hosted primetime special on Wednesday 20 January will start at 8:30 pm Eastern Time (0130 GMT Thursday) and will be aired on ABC, CBS, NBC, CNN and MSNBC.
It will pay tribute to "American heroes," including workers on the frontlines in the fight against COVID-19.
Biden sworn in as 46th US president, Harris is officially VP
GALLERY: Joe Biden's inauguration as US President
MY TAKE: Why Anthony Nti's award-winning film 'Da Yie' is more than a movie
Somizi Mhlongo-Motaung: I am not going to let media peddle lies about me
Sanef: Mhlongo's insulting of two journos a direct attack on media freedom
PowerBall results: Tuesday, 19 January 2021
Greta Thunberg wishes 'old man' Trump a 'wonderful future'

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: Is it possible to deploy fully configured CentOS 8 installations over PXE? Non-interactive I have ~30 machines scattered around a ship that management wants to use to show our web app.
I have a central virtualisation cluster with a mirror and PXE server on it.
I've been able to PXE boot into a fresh CentOS 8 ISO from the remote machines, and am looking into configuring it post deployment with %post or ansible.
However, what I'd really like to do is that a pre-configured VM, clone the filesystem, and deploy it to the remote. I kind of vibe that this could be done with liveimg in kickstart, but damned if I can make it work.
I've used these lines
xfsdump -l 0 - / | gzip -2 | ssh user@server dd of=/home/marine/image/server-full-backup-`date '+%d-%B-%Y'`.dump.gz

correlates to kickstart -
authconfig --enableshadow --passalgo=sha512

liveimg --url="ftp://server/pub/server-full-backup-20-September-2021.dump.gz"

or
tar -zcpf full-backup-`date '+%d-%B-%Y'`.tar.gz --directory / --exclude=mnt --exclude=proc --exclude=tmp --exclude home/marine/image .

authconfig --enableshadow --passalgo=sha512

liveimg --url="ftp://server/pub/full-backup-20-September-2021.tar.gz"

With both styles I end up at a dracut-initqueue emergency shell after it looks at downloading the archives.

*

*Is what I'm trying to do actually possible / sensible?

*How would one actually use kickstart to copy a whole filesystem? The docs just say

liveimg - Install from a disk image instead of packages. The image can be the squashfs.img file from a live ISO image, a compressed tar file (.tar, .tbz, .tgz, .txz, .tar.bz2, .tar.gz, or .tar.xz.), or any file system that the installation media can mount. Supported file systems are ext2, ext3, ext4, vfat, and xfs.

I've looked into mkisofs and clonezilla, I'm just at an awful crossroads of nothing suggesting it's particularly possible or impossible, and I'm doing a lot of chasing my own tail.
Thanks in advance

A: Late answer but I've used squashfs to create image files when deploying Fedora workstations during a kickstart.
See: https://elinux.org/Squash_FS_Howto for creating images, I can post my full solution if needed later as I don't have access to it right now.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
La punta Calimere (Kalli-medu Tamil) també Cap Calimere o Kodikkarai, és una terra baixa de la costa de Coromandel, districte de Nagapattinam, a Tamil Nadu, Índia, enfront de la punta Pedro de Ceilan. Forma la zona del delta del riu Cauvery i forma el gir de la costa. Un far dels Cola en aquest lloc fou destruït pel tsunami del 2004. Hi ha un altre far construït el 1902. Hi ha un temple hindú i el bany en aquest punt és considerat sagrat.

Referències

Caps de l'Índia
Geografia de Tamil Nadu

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
All Chemistry videos
The Periodic Table
Periodic Table Overview
s-Block Elements
p-Block Elements
d-Block Elements - f-Block Elements
Transition Metals - Inner Transition Metals
Boron Family - Carbon Family - Nitrogen Family
Oxygen Family
Halogens
Noble Gases
Ionization Energy - Periodic Trends
Atomic Radii - Ionic Radii
Remembering Common Ions for Transition Metals
Tips on Electron Configuration
Understanding the Trend of Atomic vs Ionic Radii
The Atom
Jacqueline Spivey
Ph.D.,U.C.Santa Cruz
She teaches general and chemistry at a top-ranked high school in San Francisco. Prior to that, she lead and published a number of research studies and lectured at SF State University.
Thank you for watching the video.
To unlock all 5,300 videos, start your free trial.
Oxygen Family - Concept
The Oxygen family, sometimes also known as chalcogens, is group 16 on the periodic table and consisted of oxygen, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, polonium and ununhexium. The elements in this group show patterns in its electron configuration, especially in the outermost shells.
Let's continue to talk the periodic table and the elements contained therein and let's focus on group 6a which is the oxygen family. So let me go ahead and just point that out over here on the periodic table, right here smooshed in-between the nitrogen family and the halogens.
So group six the oxygen family as you can imagine has six valence electrons, recall again that the valence electrons become important when we're talking about electron configurations and thus figuring out how it is that oxygen interacts with other elements and compounds.
So oxygen tends to form covalent compounds with other elements. Again we call that a covalent compound means that there is share sharing of electrons between oxygen and whatever the counterpart is. So the two most common molecular forms of oxygen are O2 and O3 where O2 is the oxygen that people are referring to when they say you're breathing in oxygen and O3 is ozone gas. So the stuff we talk about, that we know is not so great for the environment. So here's a good point too. We can say and remind ourselves that oxygen O2 and ozone O3 are allotropes where they're different forms of the same element and the same state and when I say state I mean as in both of these are in the gaseous state.
So oxygen has a tendency to attract electrons from other elements to, as you can guess, oxidise them. Always reminding yourself what it means for something to be oxidised and what it means for something to be reduced. So oxygen in combination with metal is almost always present as the oxide ion or O2 minus. So this is to say that the oxidation number or oxidation state of oxygen, usually in combination with the metal is O2 minus. If you think about it that makes sense because you know that the metals more or less groups 1a and 2a like to form positively charged ions so they would like to be countered by this two minus from oxygen.
Another member of the oxygen family is sulphur which is right below it and it also exists in several allotropic forms. One of the most common is S8 and sulphur likes to gain electrons to form sulphides that contain the S2 minus ion so that's similar to the behavior of oxygen. And that is the oxygen family.
Chemistry The Periodic Table


text:
\section{Introduction}
Dark Matter (DM) annihilations in the halo of galaxies and galaxy clusters have crucial
astrophysical implications. In fact, if DM is constituted by weakly interacting massive
particles (for which the leading candidate is the lightest supersymmetric particle,
plausibly the neutralino $\chi$), their annihilation produces secondary particles (e.g.,
neutral and charged pions, secondary electrons and protons, neutrinos) that give rise to
various astrophysical signals. These are, among others, observable fluxes of positrons,
antiprotons, gamma rays, neutrinos, as well as signals due to secondary electrons which
cover the whole e.m. spectrum (see, e.g., Colafrancesco et al. 2006 for details):
synchrotron radio emission (in the intra-cluster magnetic field), bremsstrahlung emission
(if there is co-spatial intra-cluster gas), inverse Compton emission due to the
up-scattering of CMB photons and hence a specific SZ effect (as first noticed and derived
by Colafrancesco 2004).
The spatial and spectral intensity of the astrophysical signals coming from $\chi \chi$
annihilation is expected, however, to be confused or even overcome by other astrophysical
signals originating from the intracluster (IC) gas and/or from the relativistic plasmas
present in the cluster atmospheres, especially when all these components are co-spatially
distributed with the DM component. This situation occurs in most galaxy clusters (see
discussion by Colafrancesco et al. 2006 for the case of Coma).\\
An ideal system to detect DM annihilation signals would, therefore, be a cluster with a
clear spatial separation between the various matter components. This is, indeed, the case
of the cluster 1ES0657-556 where the spatial distribution of DM is clearly offset w.r.t.
that of the IC gas (Clowe et al. 2006). The two baryonic clumps of hot gas emit X-rays by
(thermal) bremsstrahlung, as observed by Chandra (Markevitch et al. 2002, 2004). The
shock observed in the western-most region of the cluster (Markevitch et al. 2002) might
be the site of high energy emission from particles accelerated at the shock.
Hard X-ray emission from the direction of 1ES0657-556 has been marginally detected by
Rossi-XTE (Petrosian et al. 2006) but its angular resolution is not sufficient to give
any information on the spatial distribution of this emission. No gamma-ray emission has
been detected from this system with EGRET.
The extended radio halo associated to this cluster (Liang et al. 2000) has a surface
brightness slightly elongated along the direction of the two X-ray clumps, but without
clear signatures of radio-brightness enhancements at the DM clump locations.
Finally, the SZ maps of 1ES0657-556 obtained with ACBAR (with $\sim 4.5$ arcmin FWHM
resolution, Gomez et al. 2003) are quite smooth and regular with no evidence of
enhancement at both X-ray and/or DM clump locations.
In this Letter, we will compute the specific feature of the SZ effect (herefater SZE)
produced by DM annihilation, SZ$_{\rm DM}$, in the cluster {\rm 1ES0657-556}~ and we will show that it
is possible to detect such SZ$_{\rm DM}$ signal with a specific observational strategy.
The relevant physical quantities are calculated using $H_0 = 70$ km s$^{-1}$ Mpc$^{-1}$
and a flat, $\Lambda$CDM ($\Omega_{\rm m} = 0.3, \Omega_{\Lambda}=0.7$) cosmological
model.
\section{The complex SZ effect in {\rm 1ES0657-556}~}
The various SZ signals expected from the subsystems of the cluster {\rm 1ES0657-556}~ are:
i) the SZ$_{\rm DM}$ effect, which is expected to be located at the two DM clumps;
ii) the thermal SZ effect (SZ$_{\rm th}$) which is expected to be located at the two
X-ray clumps.
We will compute in the following these two sources of SZE and we will also discuss the
possible sources of contamination, bias and confusion.
The general expression for the SZE  which is valid in the Thomson limit for a generic
electron population in the relativistic limit and includes also the effects of multiple
scatterings and the combination with other electron population in the cluster atmospheres
has been derived by Colafrancesco et al. (2003). This approach is the one that will be
used for the derivation of the SZ$_{\rm DM}$ effect induced by the secondary electrons
produced by $\chi \chi$ annihilation (see the original derivation by Colafrancesco 2004)
as well as for the SZ$_{th}$ produced by the hot X-ray emitting gas.
According to these results, the spectral distortion of the CMB spectrum induced by a
population of electron with momentum distribution $f_e(p)$ can be written as
 \begin{equation}
\Delta I(x)=2\frac{(k_{\rm B} T_0)^3}{(hc)^2} ~\tilde{y} ~\tilde{g}(x) ~,
\end{equation}
where $T_0$ is the CMB temperature and
\begin{equation}
\tilde{y} =\frac{\sigma_T}{m_{\rm e} c^2}\int P_{\rm e} d\ell ~,
\end{equation}
in terms of the pressure $P_{e}$ contributed by the specific electron population.
The spectral function $\tilde{g}(x)$, with $x \equiv h \nu / k_{\rm B} T_0$, can be
written as
\begin{equation}
\label{gnontermesatta} \tilde{g}(x)=\frac{m_{\rm e} c^2}{\langle \epsilon \rangle}
\left\{ \frac{1}{\tau} \left[\int_{-\infty}^{+\infty} i_0(xe^{-s}) P(s) ds- i_0(x)\right]
\right\}
\end{equation}
in terms of the photon redistribution function $P(s)$ and of $i_0(x) = 2 (k_{\rm B}
T_0)^3 / (h c)^2 \cdot x^3/(e^x -1)$.
Here $\tau = \int d \ell n_e$ is the optical depth of the electrons with number density
$n_e$, and
$ \langle \epsilon \rangle \equiv \frac{\sigma_{\rm T}}{\tau}\int P_{\rm e}
d\ell
 = \int_0^\infty dp f_{\rm e}(p) \frac{1}{3} p v(p) m_{\rm e} c
$
is the average energy of the electronic plasma.
The photon redistribution function $P(s)= \int dp f_{\rm e}(p) P_{\rm s}(s;p)$ with $s =
\ln(\nu'/\nu)$, in terms of the CMB photon frequency increase factor $\nu' / \nu$,
depends on the electron momentum  distribution $f_{\rm e}(p)$, where the momentum $p$ is
normalized to $m_e c$.
The CMB temperature change produced by the SZE is finally given by
 \begin{equation}
{\Delta T \over T_{0}} = {(e^x-1)^2 \over x^4 e^x} {\Delta I \over I_0}
\,.
 \label{eq.deltat}
 \end{equation}
The specific SZ$_{DM}$ and SZ$_{th}$ effects for the various electronic components in the
cluster {\rm 1ES0657-556}~ are computed following the approach previously described.

\subsection{The SZ$_{DM}$ effect in the cluster {\rm 1ES0657-556}~}
The calculation of the secondary electron spectrum from $\chi \chi$ annihilation in
galaxy clusters has been already presented in details by Colafrancesco \& Mele (2001) and
Colafrancesco et al. (2006), and here we will only recall the relevant steps necessary
for the present purpouses.\\
We assume, for simplicity, a spherical DM halo model for each DM clump of the cluster
{\rm 1ES0657-556}~, as indicated by the lensing maps derived by Clowe et al. (2006), with DM density
profile given by $ g(x) = x^{-\eta} (1+ x)^{\eta - \xi}$, with $x \equiv r/r_s$. Values
$\eta = 1$ and $\xi = 3$ reproduce the Navarro, Frenk \& White (1997) density profile.\\
The neutralino number density profiles $n_{\chi}(E,r) = n_{\chi,0}(E) g(r)$ of the two DM
clumps have been calculated following the approach described in Colafrancesco et al.
(2006) with a NFW DM density profile and the following structure parameters: $M_{vir}=
10^{15} M_{\odot}$, $R_{vir} = 1.97$ Mpc and $c_{vir}= R_{vir}/r_s = 5.66$ (for the
larger East DM clump); $M_{vir} = 6.25 \cdot 10^{13} M_{\odot}$, $R_{vir} = 0.784$ Mpc
and $c_{vir}= 7.56$ (for the ''bullet'' West DM clump).\\
The $\chi$ annihilation rate in the DM clumps is $ R = n_{\chi}(r) \langle \sigma v
\rangle_0 ~,$ where $\langle \sigma v \rangle_0$ is the $\chi \chi$ annihilation cross
section averaged over a thermal velocity distribution at freeze-out temperature.
The range of neutralino masses and pair annihilation cross sections in the most general
supersymmetric DM setup is extremely wide (see discussion in Colafrancesco et al. 2006,
2007).
We consider here, specifically, the neutralino models worked out in Colafrancesco et al.
(2006) with $M_{\chi}= 20, 40$ and $81$ GeV and with their specific values of $\langle
\sigma v \rangle_0$.\\
The electron source functions $Q_{\rm e}(E,r) \propto \langle\sigma v\rangle_0
n^2_{\chi}(E,r)$ for the specific neutralino model considered here have been derived in
Colafrancesco et al. (2006) and the time evolution of the electron spectrum is given by
the equation
 \begin{equation}
{\partial n_{\rm e} (E,r)\over \partial t} - {\partial  \over \partial E} \bigg[ n_{\rm
e} (E,r) b(E)\bigg] = Q_{\rm e}(E,r) \, ,
 \label{eq.diffusion}
 \end{equation}
where spatial diffusion can be safely neglected in cluster-size DM clumps (Colafrancesco
et al. 2006).
The function
\begin{eqnarray}
 b(E) & = & b_{IC}^0 \left(\frac{E}{\rm{GeV}}\right)^{2} + b_{syn}^0 B_\mu^2
\left(\frac{E}{\rm{GeV}}\right)^{2}
 \nonumber \\
 & & + b_{Coul}^0 n_{th} \left(1+\log(\gamma / n_{th})/75 \right)  \nonumber \\
 & & + b_{brem}^0 n_{th} \left(\log(\gamma / n_{th})+0.36 \right)
 \end{eqnarray}
gives the energy loss per unit time at energy $E$ where $n_{th}$ is the mean number
density of thermal electrons in $\rm{cm}^{-3}$, $\gamma \equiv E/m_e c^2$ and $b_{IC}^0
\simeq 0.25$, $b_{syn}^0 \simeq 0.0254$, $b_{Coul}^0 \simeq 6.13$, $b_{brem}^0 \simeq
1.51$, all in units of $10^{-16}\; \rm{GeV}\, \rm{s}^{-1}$.
The equilibrium spectrum $n_e(E,r)$ obtained solving eq.(\ref{eq.diffusion}) allows  to
calculate the SZ$_{DM}$ effect.
Fig.\ref{fig.sz_dm} shows the CMB temperature change $\Delta T$ evaluated at the centers
of the two DM clumps for different values of $M_{\chi}$.
\begin{figure}[!h]
\begin{center}
\vbox{
 \hbox{
 \epsfig{file=6569fig1.ps,height=5.8cm,width=4.5cm,angle=0.0}
 \epsfig{file=6569fig2.ps,height=5.8cm,width=4.5cm,angle=0.0}
}
 \hbox{
 \epsfig{file=6569fig3.ps,height=5.8cm,width=4.5cm,angle=0.0}
 \epsfig{file=6569fig4.ps,height=5.8cm,width=4.5cm,angle=0.0}
 }
 }
\end{center}
  \caption{\footnotesize{The CMB temperature decrement produced by the
East (left panels)  and West (right panels) clumps of gas (red shaded areas which take
into account the effect of IC gas temperature uncertainties) and DM with neutralino mass
$M_{\chi}=20$ GeV (green), $M_{\chi}=40$ GeV (blue) and $M_{\chi}=81$ GeV (cyan).  The
lower panels show a zoom of the SZ$_{DM}$ effect only.
  }}
  \label{fig.sz_dm}
\end{figure}
The SZ$_{DM}$ signals are overcome by the SZ$_{th}$ signals at low ($\nu \simlt 200$ GHz)
and high ($\nu \simgt 230$ GHz) frequencies, while they dominate in the frequency range
where the zero of SZ$_{th}$ is found, i.e. at $\nu \approx 223$ GHz for the East clump
and at $\nu \approx 219$ GHz for the West clump. At such frequencies the SZ$_{DM}$
temperature decrement takes values $\approx -21.1, -10.6, -0.3$ $\mu$K (East clump) and
values $\approx -8.4, -4.2, -0.1$ $\mu$K (West clump) for $M_{\chi} = 20, 40, 81$ GeV,
respectively.
\subsection{The SZ$_{th}$ effect in the cluster {\rm 1ES0657-556}~}
The SZ$_{th}$ from the two X-ray clumps of the cluster {\rm 1ES0657-556}~ is also computed from the
general approach delineated in eqs.(1-4). Following Markevitch et al. (2002, 2004) and
Tucker et al. (1998), we use the simplifying assumption that the IC gas distribution can
be described by isothermal spheres fitted by a $\beta$-profile.
For the East X-ray clump we adopt $kT_e = 14$ keV (Markevitch et al. 2002, 2004) and a
$\beta$-profile with $r_c=257$ kpc, $\beta=0.62$ and a central IC gas density
$n_{th,0}=6.71 \cdot 10^{-3}$ cm$^{-3}$ (Tucker et al. 1998).
For the West X-ray clump we adopt $kT_e = 6$ keV  and a $\beta$-profile with $r_c=125$
kpc, $\beta=0.7$ and a central IC gas density $n_{th,0}=2 \cdot 10^{-2}$ cm$^{-3}$,
neglecting the additional central power-law density profile induced by the presence of
the shock (Markevitch et al. 2002, 2004). Thus, SZ$_{th}$ from this last X-ray clump
should be considered as slightly underestimated.\\
The possible non-equilibrium and non-thermal effects induced by the merging shock are not
crucial for the aims of this paper since the shock is located outside the two X-ray
clumps and at a large angular distance from the two DM clumps (see Markevitch et al.
2002, 2004). Possible non-thermal SZE produced by shocks is, however, expected to be at
most at a level of a few $\mu$K (see Colafrancesco et al. 2003), and therefore it could
be, at most, a source of bias for the thermal SZE at the location of the X-ray clumps.
The SZ$_{th}$ temperature change for the two X-ray clumps is also shown in
Fig.\ref{fig.sz_dm}.
A major difference between the SZ$_{th}$ and SZ$_{DM}$ spectral functions is the
different position of the zero of the SZE which is moved to higher frequencies in the
case of the DM produced electrons with respect to the case of the thermal distribution.
As a consequence, the SZ$_{\rm DM}$ effect appears as a negative contribution to the
overall SZE at all the frequencies which are relevant for the SZ experiments, $x \sim 0.5
- 10$.

\subsection{Contamination, bias and confusion}
 \label{sec.confusion}
Possible sources of confusion for the microwave search for DM  in {\rm 1ES0657-556}~ are: CMB
anisotropy, emission of the IC medium, emission of galaxies and AGNs along the line of
sight, thermal and kinematic SZE from the X-ray clumps. For the estimates of the
foreground contamination we consider as peaks of the DM distribution producing SZE the
regions included in the $\kappa = 0.3$ contour of Fig.1 in Clowe et al. (2006). These are
roughly 1.3$^\prime$ in diameter, and are separated by $\sim 4.8^\prime$.\\
The measurement we propose must be carried out with an instrument with angular resolution
of $\sim$ 1$^\prime$  FWHM, able to resolve the two SZ$_{DM}$ peaks, and to distinguish
them from the thermal and kinematic SZE of the two X-ray clumps. Larger scales are not
significant for the measurement, and must be removed either in the measurement or in the
data analysis. This will remove most of the CMB anisotropy. In fact, integrating over the
power spectrum of CMB anisotropy best fitting current measurements (including lensing
effects), we find that an angular high-pass filter removing scales $\simgt 3 ^\prime$
will cut multipoles $\ell \simlt 3600 $, leaving a residual rms fluctuation of primary
CMB anisotropy of 0.8 $\mu$K rms. This is further reduced by the finite angular
resolution of the telescope.\\
In the two SZ$_{DM}$ peaks we find 14 galaxies in the area of the East peak and 6
galaxies in the area of the West peak (see Barrena et al. 2002). To obtain an estimate of
the mm-wave emission of these galaxies, we take the mm-wave spectrum of an "average",
"normal" galaxy (like M99) and redshift it to z=0.3 . Then we compute the flux in the
bands centered at 90, 145, 217, 270, 345, 545 GHz and we find the total flux by
multiplying it by the number of galaxies counted in the West and East SZ$_{DM}$ peaks. In
the West peak, we obtain a total flux of 0.2, 0.4, 1.0, 1.6, 3.4, 19 mJy, respectively,
in the bands quoted above. These signals correspond to a CMB anisotropy of 4.0, 4.8, 8.0,
13, 40, and 760 $\mu K$ for a 1$^\prime$ FWHM beam. These are comparable in size to
expected SZ$_{DM}$ signal, at least in the 90, 145, and 217 GHz bands, but are positive
signals, while the SZ$_{DM}$ signal is negative at the same frequencies. The same holds
for AGNs: there is only one known radio source (SUMSS J065837-555718) listed in the NED
database in the area of the East peak, and none in the area of the West peak.
This source has been observed with the MOST radio telescope, and features a power law
SED, with slope $\alpha \sim -0.9$. If the same SED is used to extrapolate to the
frequencies of interest here, the total flux is safely negligible with respect to the
expected SZ$_{DM}$ in all the bands considered here: for a 1$^\prime$ FWHM beam the
signal is below 1 $\mu K$ in the 145, 217, 270 and 345 GHz bands.\\
Unresolved background galaxies produce a flux with positive and negative fluctuations
with respect to the average. For a 1$^\prime$ beam at 220 GHz, we get a rms signal of
$\sim 3 \mu K$, estimated using the model of Lagache et al. (2004).\\
The SZ$_{th}$ emission from the IC gas is offset with respect to the DM peaks, so that
only the tail of the signal is present in the SZ$_{DM}$ peaks.
The SZ$_{th}$ emission is certainly affected by the complex temperature distribution of
the X-ray clumps (see Markevitch et al. 2002) producing fluctuations in the SZ maps
(since $\Delta T \propto \int d\ell n_e T_e $).
This makes the maps at low (150 GHz) and high (350 GHz) frequency shown in Fig.2 as only
indicative of the observable SZ signal.
However, we stress that the SZ maps at $\nu \approx 219-223$ GHz are quite realistic
because at 223 (219) GHz for the East (West) X-ray peak, the SZ$_{th}$ is null, and
temperature uncertainties do not sensitively alter this result (see Fig.\ref{fig.sz_dm}):
this is, henceforth, the privileged band for this measurement.\\
The $(\Delta T/T_0)_{kin}$ at the clump centers is $\simlt 2.7 \cdot 10^{-6} (\tau
/10^{-3})(V_p/10^3 km s^{-1})$ and is maximum at 217 GHz.  Small values of $\Delta
T_{kin}$ are found at the location of the two DM clumps because: i) the optical depth of
the secondary electrons is small $\simlt {\rm a~few~} 10^{-5}$; ii) the optical depth of
the residual IC gas at the DM peak locations is small $\simlt {\rm a~ few~} 10^{-4}$, and
iii) the peculiar velocity of the X-ray clumps and DM clumps along the line of sight is
relatively small (Markevitch 2004), since the major merging event occurs almost
completely on the plane of the sky, i.e. mostly perpendicular to the line of sight. Even
an extreme value $V_p \approx 600$ km/s  (well above the rms value $\approx 300 \pm 80$
km/s found for galaxy clusters, see Giovanelli et al. 1998) would produce a total $\Delta
T_{kin} \sim 0.4$ $\mu$K ($\sim 0.2$ $\mu$K) in the East (West) DM clump. In conclusion,
being the two DM peaks offset with respect to the SZ$_{th}$ peaks, the kinetic SZ effect
is at most a marginal residual signal at the location of the two DM peaks of the cluster
1ES0657.\\
In these conditions the detectability of SZ$_{DM}$ is limited mainly by the fluctuations
of the unresolved galaxies background. Negative or positive fluctuations can be found at
the locations of the $SZ_{DM}$ peaks, affecting its detection. From realistic scan
simulations at 220 GHz with a $1 ^\prime$ FWHM beam, we estimate that a 2-$\sigma$
(3-$\sigma$) detection  has a likelihood $\simgt 95\%$ if the $SZ_{DM}$ in the beam is
$\simgt 6.5 \mu$K ($\simgt 10 \mu$K). These limits are comparable to the expected
$SZ_{DM}$ signal estimated in Sect 2.1. Complementary observations at higher and lower
frequencies should confirm the nature of the signal, which in the case of the unresolved
galaxies increases strongly with frequency, while is basically constant for the $SZ_{DM}$
There are several instruments expected to provide SZ surveys from the southern hemisphere
in the near future. The 10-m South Pole Telescope (SPT, Ruhl et al. 2004) will exploit
the excellent environmental conditions of the antarctic winter to produce deep surveys of
SZ clusters at 90, 150, 220 and 270 GHz. With a FWHM of $\simlt 1^\prime$ this instrument
is ideally suited to perform the DM search outlined here. The sensitivity of the SZ
survey will be $\sim 10 \mu K$ for each 1$^\prime$ pixel at 150 GHz: we suggest deeper
observations for 1E0657-558. A sensitivity of $\sim 0.5 \mu K$ per 1$^\prime$ pixel at
150 GHz can be obtained in 4 days of integration.
Increasing atmospheric and bolometer noise prevents reaching the same sensitivity in the
220 and 270 GHz bands (see also Gomez et al. 2003, Runyan et al. 2003 for the case of
experiments working at larger angular scales). Still, the sensitivity should be good
enough to see the two $\sim 10 \mu K$ negative signals of SZ$_{DM}$.
Similar considerations apply to the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (Kosowsky 2003), to the
APEX bolometer arrays (Lee et al. 2004) and to the BOLOCAM instrument at the CSO (Glenn
et al. 1998).
Fig.\ref{fig.sz_maps} shows the CMB maps expected from an observation of {\rm 1ES0657-556}~ at $\nu =$
150, 223 and 350 GHz (with bandwidths of $\approx 25 \%$) with the SPT. The SZ$_{DM}$
effect clearly emerges localized at the two DM clumps for $\nu = 223$ GHz where SZ$_{th}$
vanishes for the brighter X-ray clump with $kT_e = 14$ keV. This is the optimal frequency
to detect the SZ$_{DM}$ from the cluster {\rm 1ES0657-556}~.
Such an experiment is able to set strong constraints on DM particle mass in the range
$M_{\chi} \sim 20-50$ GeV, while the SZ signals for $M_{\chi} \simgt 80$ GeV is
unobservable.
\begin{figure}[!h]
\begin{center}
 \hbox{
 \hspace{-3.cm}
 \vbox{
 \epsfig{file=6569fig5.ps,width=5cm,angle=0.0}
 \epsfig{file=6569fig6.ps,width=5cm,angle=0.0}
 \epsfig{file=6569fig7.ps,width=5cm,angle=0.0}
 }
 \hspace{-4.cm}
 \vbox{
 \epsfig{file=6569fig6.ps,width=5cm,angle=0.0}
 \epsfig{file=6569fig8.ps,width=5cm,angle=0.0}
 \epsfig{file=6569fig9.ps,width=5cm,angle=0.0}
 }
 }
  \caption{\footnotesize{Left. Simulated SZ maps of the cluster {\rm 1ES0657-556}~ as observable with
  the SPT at $\nu = 150$ GHz (upper panel), $\nu = 223$ GHz (mid panel), $\nu = 350$ GHz
  (lower panel). A value $M_{\chi}=20$ GeV has been adopted here.
  %
  Right. Simulated SZ maps of the cluster {\rm 1ES0657-556}~ as observable with
  the SPT at $\nu = 223$ GHz for three different $\chi$ masses:
  $M_{\chi}=20$ GeV (upper panel), 40 GeV (mid panel) and 81 GeV (lower panel).
  }}
  \label{fig.sz_maps}
\end{center}
\end{figure}
Higher frequency measurements are needed to monitor foreground contamination.
Observations of 1E0657-558 with the OLIMPO experiment (Masi et al. 2005), using bolometer
arrays at 145, 217, 345 and 545 GHz, with beam FWHM of 3.3$^\prime$, 2.2$^\prime$,
2.2$^\prime$, 2.2$^\prime$ respectively, will be able to resolve the two SZE peaks, and
will not be hampered by atmospheric fluctuations even in the highest frequency bands. In
10 hours of integration over the cluster area, the sensitivity of OLIMPO in the 217 (345)
GHz band will be $\approx$ 1.5 (3.0) $\mu$K  per pixel (with a pixel side of 1$^\prime$).
These measurements will nicely complement those of the ground based instruments, allowing
an effective separation of the different astrophysical components, with special
sensitivity to the fluctuating background from unresolved galaxies.
An exciting perspective is the upgrade of a space-borne telescope with a Fourier
Transform Spectrometer. This can provide the combination of high throughput and spectral
resolution needed to compare the SZ$_{th}$ null to the surrounding frequencies, thus
providing convincing evidence to distinguish between the different signal components (see
Fig.\ref{fig.sz_dm}). A first test can be carried out already with the OLIMPO experiment,
preparing the way for a future satellite mission.

\section{Conclusions}
The SZ$_{DM}$ effect is an inevitable consequence of the presence and of the nature of DM
in large-scale structures. Its analysis in the special case of {\rm 1ES0657-556}~ can provide a direct
physical probe for the presence and for the nature of DM in cosmic structures.
\\
How these observations compare to other possible DM signal detections?
In general, both gamma-ray and radio observations of DM annihilation are quite powerful
to set constraints on the neutralino mass and composition (see, e.g. Colafrancesco et al.
2006, 2007).
However, in the case of {\rm 1ES0657-556}~  the expected gamma-ray emission associated to the DM clumps
is too low ($\simlt 1$ count vs. $\sim 10$ background counts at $E > 1$ GeV) and cannot
be resolved by GLAST from other possible sources of gamma-ray emission, both from the
cluster {\rm 1ES0657-556}~ and from AGNs in the field. In addition, the GLAST spatial resolution ($\sim
9-18$ arcmin at 10 and 1 GeV, respectively) cannot provide any clear spatial separation
between the DM gamma-ray signals (expected to be concentrated at the DM clumps) and other
possible gamma-ray signals originating within the atmosphere of {\rm 1ES0657-556}~.
Radio telescopes have, in principle, excellent resolution and sensitivity to probe the
different spectra and brightness distribution of the DM-induced synchrotron emission.
For the sake of illustration, we evaluated that the DM-induced synchrotron emission from
the East DM clump is $\sim 3-10$ mJy (for a smooth or smooth plus $50 \%$ mass clumpiness
NFW DM profile, $M_{\chi}=40$ GeV, $\langle \sigma v \rangle_0 = 4.7 \cdot 10^{-25} cm^3
s^{-1}$ model used by Colafrancesco et al. 2006 for Coma, with a $1$ $\mu$G magnetic
field) at $\nu = 100$ MHz, still marginally detectable by LOFAR.
Theoretical uncertainties associated to the amplitude of the magnetic field in the DM
clumps of {\rm 1ES0657-556}~ render, however, the prediction of the expected signals quite uncertain.\\
In such a context, the possible detection of the SZ$_{DM}$ effect will provide an
important complementary, and maybe unique, probe of the nature of DM.
\begin{acknowledgements}
The author thanks the Referee for useful comments and suggestions.
\end{acknowledgements}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
Toni Morrison: The Life of a Literary Giant
Bayan Atari
Jul 5, 2022 6 minutes
Having authored a multitude of fiction and nonfiction works, Howard University alumna and professor Toni Morrison (B.A.'53, H '95) is one of the most celebrated and controversial modern authors. Her enduringly poignant literary work explores the plurality of Black narratives, particularly through the eyes of Black women and girls, in a stunningly eloquent and versatile literary voice. Troubled by the dominant assumption of a white reader, Morrison made a point of not centering the white gaze. Her revolutionary oeuvre attracted critical acclaim in the United States and around the world, and in 1993 Morrison made history as the first African American woman to win the Nobel Prize in Literature. Morrison's novels continue to be a subject of richly complex scholarship, contemporary relevance, and attempted censorship.
Morrison was born Chloe Ardelia Wofford on February 18th, 1931, in the small industrial town of Lorain, Ohio. Both of Morrison's grandparents were sharecroppers from Alabama, and because her grandfather grew up during a time when it was illegal for Black people to read at all, her parents felt strongly about encouraging her to read. Though the Woffords moved to different apartments around Lorain frequently, as they struggled to pay rent, the Lorain Public Library remained an important part of the family's life. In 1995, she attended the dedication of the Toni Morrison reading room at the Lorain Public Library.
Troubled by the dominant assumption of a white reader, Morrison made a point of not centering the white gaze.
In 1949, Morrison graduated from high school and was accepted at Howard University, making her the first woman in her family to attend college. Her peers had trouble pronouncing her name, so she began to go by a shortened version of Anthony, the name she chose at her Catholic confirmation—thus the nickname "Toni." Morrison majored in English and joined the drama department's Howard University Players, touring around the South as she took part in multiple theatrical productions. Among these, she fondly remembered playing Queen Elizabeth in a production of Shakespeare's King Richard III, a role at which she excelled.
Read Story "Video: Howard is Women's History (Toni Morrison) "
After graduating with her bachelor of arts, Morrison went to Cornell University in Ithaca, New York to earn her masters degree. Not knowing what else to do with her degrees, she taught at Texas Southern University in Houston, Texas for a year and a half, then returned to Howard University for a teaching position in 1957. She got married — taking on the last name Morrison — had her sons, and subsequently divorced during her time at Howard. Following her divorce, Morrison briefly moved to her mother's house in Lorain before taking an editorial position at the New York Review of Books in Syracuse, New York. Remembering a conversation in her childhood between herself and another young Black girl who confessed to praying every night for blue eyes, Morrison began writing when her sons had gone to sleep, and in the mornings before they woke up; the habit of waking up early to write would remain part of Morrison's routine.
At age 39, Morrison published her first novel, "The Bluest Eye." The novel stemmed from a desire to read a book about how Black girls learned self-loathing, and how the pain of racism became interiorized, without explaining anything to white people; no such book existed, so Morrison wrote it herself. The gut-wrenching novel brings Black girls to center stage, interrogating the normative narrative of the perfect white middle-class family that the character Pecola Breedlove has internalized. Though "The Bluest Eye" received positive reviews from critics, and Morrison gained recognition as a scholar and critic of the Black experience, the book's sales were modest at the time. Now, "The Bluest Eye" is an enduring classic that is both taught in schools and frequently targeted by book-banning campaigns.
No such book existed, so Morrison wrote it herself.
Morrison's profile as a writer and editor increased with her subsequent publications. Her first commercial success as a novelist was with 1977's "Song of Solomon," Morrison's first book about a male protagonist. The novel follows a Black man's struggle to understand his heritage, drawing upon Morrison's memories of her father — then recently-deceased — and the legend of the "flying African," a diasporic folk tale of kidnapped Africans who escaped enslavement by flying home. The massive success of "Song of Solomon" allowed Morrison to focus on writing full-time.
With the publication of her fourth novel "Tar Baby," Morrison was featured on the cover of Newsweek magazine. This made her the second Black woman to appear on the cover of Newsweek, the first being fellow Howard alumna Zora Neale Hurston. "Tar Baby" was a departure from Morrison's previous works in multiple ways: it features white characters in major roles, it was her first novel to take place outside of the United States, and it was her first novel to take place in a modern-day setting.
Between thinking, writing, and research, much of which took place in Brazil, it took six years for Morrison to produce her fifth and perhaps most difficult novel. "Beloved" tackles survival, death, love, and motherhood through the eyes of formerly enslaved characters. The book was a bestseller that was immediately hailed as a masterpiece; when it did not win the National Book Award or the National Book Critics Circle Award, forty-eight Black writers published a letter in the New York Times Book Review demanding national recognition for Morrison. "Beloved" subsequently won the Pulitzer Prize.
"Beloved" tackles survival, death, love, and motherhood through the eyes of formerly enslaved characters.
Following the success of "Beloved", Morrison's star continued to rise. With her acceptance of the Robert F. Goheen chair at Princeton University, she became the first Black writer to hold a named chair position at an Ivy League university. She published two books in 1992: the novel "Jazz" and the book of literary criticism "Playing in the Dark: Whiteness and the Literary Imagination." Morrison thus made the New York Times best-seller list in both the fiction and nonfiction categories, a rare accomplishment. In the following year, she won the Nobel prize in literature.
Morrison continued to win awards and write for the rest of her lifetime, including four novels: "Paradise" in 1999, "Love" in 2003, "A Mercy" in 2008, and "Home" in 2012, the same year that she was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by former president Barak Obama. Morrison died at the age of 88 in 2019, leaving a legacy of luminous literary achievement that continues to challenge and inspire readers around the world. A powerhouse of majestic prose and incisive cultural criticism, Toni Morrison's momentous impact cannot be understated. The enduring relevance of her work reminds us to look back at history, to examine the present, and, in the words of Baby Suggs in "Beloved," "Know it, and go on out."
#BisonInTheKnow: How Howard University Alumna Toni Morrison's God Help the Child Resonates With Novel Readers of Today
Statement on the Passing of Distinguished Alumna and Professor Emerita, Toni Morrison
Howard University Establishes Toni Morrison Endowed Chair in Arts and Humanities
Feb 10, 2022 3 minutes
Howard AVP Appointed Vice President of National College Business Trade Association
Ranti Akiyode, PharmD., Appointed Dean of the Howard University's College of Pharmacy
Dec 12, 2022 3 minutes
Meet the Howard Student Pushing Fashion Toward a Sustainable Future


This article presents extremely simplified principles aimed at foreigners starting to learn Indonesian. This is neither comprehensive nor exactly accurate but more than enough to start the right way.
This is especially true when it comes to negation, questions and tenses. I will dwell upon all three points in the next lessons anyway.
I believe it's more useful and rewarding to know one way to express negation and 20 words than to know 5 words and 3 synonyms for "no" depending on the context. Because people will understand your negation anyway while you cannot make up words.
Please refer to this article in which I explain the notation that I use.
Last point, the way I speak is largely influenced by the language spoken in Java and especially Jakarta. I'll try to mix it with more standard Indonesia because the Jakarta/Java way of speaking has influence over the other regions mostly through film and television.
In this lesson and the next, I will draw as much as possible from this list of vocabulary.
Indonesian use roman alphabet so reading is not an issue for Western people. Look up on Youtube, there are tons of videos that show how to pronounce the alphabet.
C is pronounced ch (like in cherry).
When you order nasi campur [rice diverse] (rice with various small sides) don't pronounce it /kampur/ but /champur/.
Words in English are still pronounce the English way, so don't ask for a /choke/ instead of a /coke/.
k at then end of the words is sometimes mute (actually not exactly but the sound is so muffled that for now you can do as if it was actually mute), sometimes not.
TIDAK (no) is pronounced /TIDA/ and not /TIDAK/.
If you are tired, say that you are /cape/ instead of /capek/ (which is still the correct spelling).
If you food is good, say that is /enak/ and not /ena/.
I know it's rather confusing and you have no real way to know in advance how to pronounce it.
Kh is sometimes pronounced in a way reminding arabic. Type khas or khusus in google translate and click on the speaker to hear it.
If you are not a native English-speaker, h are pronounced the English way like in "hundred".
The rest is pretty obvious, you cannot make huge mistakes that will prevent people from understanding you. Stay attentive to the way people are speaking and you will make fast progress.
Rule 1 : an simple Indonesian sentence is build around the SUBJECT + VERB + COMPLEMENT structure.
Adjective and possessive pronoun goes after the noun they refer to.
Rule 2 : you don't need an equivalent of "be" to express a state of the subject.
Rule 3 : to make a negation, simply put the word tidak (no) in front of the verb or the adjective.
Rule 4 : you don't need to bring changes to your sentence to turn it into a question, just adapt the tone of your voice. You can also use an interrogative pronoun, he usually goes in the first place of the sentence, followed by the subject and the verb.
Kamu lapar ? [You hungry ?] : Are you hungry ?
Siapa nama kamu ? [Who name you ?] : What is your name ?
Remember that a personal pronoun (like kamu : you) placed after a name turns it into a possessive pronoun (in this example yours).
You notice that you don't need an equivalent of "be".
Kapan dia pergi ? [When he/she go] : When does he go ?
Rule 5 : verbs don't bear the mark of the tense directly. They stay exactly the same wherever you're using past, present or future tense. The tense is given by a marker usually placed before the verb.
Rule 6 : nouns in Indonesian don't distinguish either plural or gender.
To express plural, double the word. If it is not essentiel to understand the sentence, you simply don't care about plural or singular. Quantity adverbs are also often used.
Anak : a child. Anak anak : children.
In this sentence it doesn't matter how much you bought exactly, you're just saying that you have been shopping for cloth.
Rule 7 : Indonesian words are often built around a "base word" that is either a noun, an adjective or a verb. By adding prefix and suffix, you can turn this word into something new, that is more or less close from the original word.
If it starts by me-, men-, mem-, meng- : this is likely to be a verb.
If it starts by pe-, pen-, peng- : this is likely to be a noun.
If you see a base word you know with the prefix ke-, the suffix -an or both : then it is a word derived from the base word.
It's going to take a huge article to explain all of this. So please be patient. Anyway, it is something you won't need to master before at least one year of practice.
In this section of the website I will try to help you to acquire useful skills in spoken Indonesian. So I will give a lots of exemple of informal Indonesian (sometimes quite Javanese accented).
How do you recognise informal Indonesian ?
Grammar rules are applied very loosely. Sometimes not at all. Very common thing : using the base word instead of applying affix and suffix to form a verb or a noun.
Pronouns used, question markers, temporality markers change.
Words are shorten up !
The last one is the most confusing. Because even 5 letters words can be shorten.
Kamu sudah makan ? [You already eat ?] : Did you already eat ?
Sudah became udah in the answer. Actually you can even hear just dah sometimes. They are tons of examples like this.
There is no point reading this part but sheer curiosity if you are still struggling to handle daily conversation. You should rather learn by heart the vocabulary you saw in this session and move on to session 2.
An equivalent of be is either adalah or ialah. But you will mostly meet them in the formal language.
Another common structure is to use itu (that) at the place you would put be in an English sentence.
Dewa/Dewi : god/goddess (only for ancient or Hindu gods. Muslims usually use the word Allah, Christian Tuhan).
For animals, you shall use jantan (male) and betina (female).
If you want to learn more about spelling transformations occurring in Informal Indonesian, please refer to this website.


The UK, a country renowned for its progressive stance in relation to vaping for harm reduction, has taken another step forward by allowing health claims in e-cigarettes adverts'.
The researchers had surveyed 25,000 individuals between 2013 and 2015, inquiring about their smoking status, whether they had tried quitting, the methods used and their success rates. The data collected indicated that the removal of e-cigarettes' adverts on TV would result in about 105,000 fewer quitters.


We have a special offer for residents of Harvey, LA. Are you in need of a loan? Do you own a vehicle? There are lenders that you can trust that are ready to give you the cash you need. Not only that, the process is very quick – sometimes it only takes 24 hours!
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Most of the banks only want "good credit".
They have gotten loans in the past.
They have paid those loans on time, never missing payments.
If they did it before, they can do it again!
While all of that might be true, they don't account for things that happen in most real people's lives.
It's very easy to miss a payment. Between a busy schedule, working long hours, or maybe even a job loss – there's always a lot going on. You could even miss a payment by accident! That doesn't matter in the bank's eyes – only your credit score will determine whether you can get a loan from them.
There are better options for getting a loan.
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What exactly is a Title Loan, then?
Title Loans are given based on the equity of the vehicle that you own. There's no long credit checking process, nor do you need "good credit" to apply. All you need is your vehicle's title, which will be held as the promise that you will repay the loan according to the terms.
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Southwest Waterfront of Washington, D.C.
The Southwest Waterfront of Washington, D.C. is a 47-acre site along the Washington Channel, stretching from the historic Fish Wharf to Ft. McNair. The Southwest Waterfront was part of Pierre L'Enfant's original city plan. Over the years the area evolved into a multi-ethnic working-class community that suffered gradual decline. In 1950, the neighborhood was part of an urban renewal plan that included realigning the streets and building the Southeast/Southwest Freeway. In recent years, the waterfront area became home to marinas, restaurants and a few popular nightclubs.
Southwest is the smallest quadrant of the city and the area has been underutilized and was isolated from the rest of the city until 2017 when the Wharf transformed the waterfront area.
With a prime location along the Potomac River and excellent access to the National Mall and downtown, the Southwest Waterfront was ideally situated to be transformed into a vibrant world class urban community. Plans are underway to redevelop the area into a mixed-use development with approximately 3 million square feet of residential, office, hotel, retail, cultural, and more than eight acres of parks and open space including a waterfront promenade and public piers. The waterfront was renamed, The District Wharf, simply referred to as the Wharf.
The first phase of the development opened in October 2017. Future development is expected to continue for several years. Read more about the Wharf development.
Located adjacent to I-395, the Southwest Waterfront is easy to get to by car as well as by public transportation. See a map and driving directions.
at 4th and M Streets. For more information, see a Guide to Using the Washington, D.C. Metrorail.
By Bike - Capital Bikeshare - Bike kiosks are located at 6th and Water St. SW and 4th and M St SW.
Maine Avenue Fish Market - The local landmark is the oldest continuously operating fish market in the United States, dating back to 1805.
Gangplank Marina - The facility offers 309 boat slips and serves as the departure point for Odyssey Cruises and Spirit Cruises. The waterfront restaurant and bar, Cantina Marina offers casual dining on the Washington Channel.
Washington Marina - The marina has served boaters since 1951 and is home to many house boats and public slips. Capital Yacht Charters offers cruises from the marina.
Arena Stage - The theater kicked off the revitalization of the neighborhood, completing a $135 million renovation in 2010.
Thomas Law House - Built in 1796, the property was the home of Thomas Law and Elizabeth Parke Custis, oldest granddaughter of Martha Washington.
The Southwest Waterfront is one of many areas of the nation's capital that is rapidly developing. To learn more about changes in the city, see a guide to Urban Development in Washington, D.C.


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Sister Sarah and I did the Bob Marley excursion to Nine Mile today, which is where he was born and is buried. Nine Mile is owned and operated by the Marley family. We did it with Island Routes on the Zion bus.
The drive was up into the mountains. The roads were really narrow and windy. At one point, a truck came barreling down the road and smashed into the driver's side rear view mirror. Glass went everywhere. Barry, our driver, stopped ... the other driver didn't.
We stopped along the way for a snack at Bumpers Lawn Bar & Rest Stop.
The snack was a Jamaican beef patty ... it was good!
There was a cute dog and he loved getting his belly rubbed.
We were off again driving through the countryside.
When we pulled into Nine Mile, our tour guide said that if we wanted weed cakes or joints, we just had to go outside the gates. There was no shortage of vendors. This young couple did and came back with some cake (a slice was $30US and fat joint was $10). BTW, they ate some of the cake after the tour and were snoozing not too long afterwards.
In keeping with the spirit of Bob Marley, any joints you bought/bring could be smoked on the property (in the restaurant, the mausoleums, etc.). Sister Sarah and I didn't buy anything ... we didn't need to as the smell was in the air from lots of people smoking. So you have to visit Nine Mile with an open mind. After our tour and before we were getting back on the bus, there was a last chance for anyone if they wanted to buy anything from the vendors outside the gate.
We started off in the courtyard.
Souvenir shop with teeshirts, bags, etc.
We went upstairs to the bar ... the views were nice.
At the bar for $10US, you could buy a shooter which they lit on fire. You had to drink it while it was on fire through a straw. You got to keep the shot glass.
There is a room with a lot of Marley memorabilia.
There was a band that would play a song for each group of tourists.
Then we were led to the mausoleums.
Kito was our tour guide.
This mausoleum is where Marley's mother, Cedella, is buried. We had to take off our shoes before we entered and we couldn't take pictures inside.
This is Marley's childhood home ... he lived there until he was about ten.
in the song Is This Love?
This is where Marley, according to Kito, meditated and "medicated" ... it's just outside the house.
This used to be the kitchen ... yes, that's a weed plant.
This is Marley's mausoleum ... we weren't allowed to take pictures inside here either. They had no issue with people smoking weed in the mausoleums, though, and I could smell that many had.
Then we headed back down the hill.
We headed back down the windy road.
and the road is wide enough in most spots for one car.
and back up to a safe spot to let us pass.
We stopped in at Bumpers for a late lunch which included rice, jerk chicken ad jerk pork.
It was an fun day but I don't think it was worth $85US.
It was interesting to drive through the countryside. It would have been nice, though, not to have been so structured at Nine Mile. Our group went into one building for a few minutes, then out ... then the next group did the same. I know they do it for time management reasons to keep the groups moving but it would have been nice to be able to linger and spend more time in the Marley buildings. It felt rushed.
In addition, it would have been fun if they had made the rum punch more plentiful. We had small one when we started off and another small one when we left Nine Mile. On other excursions I've been on, we could have a rum punch whenever we wanted one.
Our Air Canada rep asked how it was and I was honest. Another couple from Canada on our excursion told her they weren't happy either. She was really surprised as she usually gets rave reviews about it. She suspects we didn't have the better bus tour guide.
Looks like a good way to spend some time.


text:
Q: Can numpy.linalg.det() calculate wrong? Two different results for the same matrix I found a very interesting situation. Could anyone tell me why it happened?
For a matrix, I ran two different pieces of code to calculate its covariance matrix. The 2 results look the same. But there is a huge gap between their determinants. This is the code:
X = np.array([[11,5,3,34,8],[25,9,2,6,345],[96,13,8823,8,4],[92,15,153,9,12],[7,14,345,31,10]])
Xbar, mu, std = normalize(X)

S = (1/Xbar.shape[0]) * np.dot(Xbar.T, Xbar)
print('DIY covariance matrix:\n', S)
print('determinant:\n', np.linalg.det(S))
print('\n')

SbyNp = np.cov(Xbar, rowvar=False, bias=True)
print('numpy.linalg covariance matrix:\n', SbyNp)
print('determinant:\n', np.linalg.det(SbyNp))

np.testing.assert_almost_equal(S, SbyNp)
np.testing.assert_almost_equal(np.linalg.det(S), np.linalg.det(SbyNp))

The result of running:
DIY covariance matrix:
 [[ 1.          0.57159341  0.62932008 -0.7149413  -0.27222462]
 [ 0.57159341  1.          0.26958072 -0.39024794 -0.29147673]
 [ 0.62932008  0.26958072  1.         -0.38189298 -0.28405386]
 [-0.7149413  -0.39024794 -0.38189298  1.         -0.4706952 ]
 [-0.27222462 -0.29147673 -0.28405386 -0.4706952   1.        ]]
determinant:
 -1.4290811771081465e-16

numpy.linalg covariance matrix:
 [[ 1.          0.57159341  0.62932008 -0.7149413  -0.27222462]
 [ 0.57159341  1.          0.26958072 -0.39024794 -0.29147673]
 [ 0.62932008  0.26958072  1.         -0.38189298 -0.28405386]
 [-0.7149413  -0.39024794 -0.38189298  1.         -0.4706952 ]
 [-0.27222462 -0.29147673 -0.28405386 -0.4706952   1.        ]]
determinant:
 5.716324708432541e-17

Why these determinants are different? Is there any error in numpy.linalg.det()?


text:
Road closures planned for former Wading River FD chief's funeral
by Nicole Smith |
06/29/2016 11:48 AM |
The Wading River Fire Department is hosting funeral services this week for Thomas Lateulere, a former chief and fire commissioner.
The Wading River Fire District has issued a press release with the following road closure information:
• Wednesday from 1:30 to 5 p.m. — North Country Road between Remsen Road and North Wading River Road.
• Thursday from 1 to 11 p.m. — North Country Road between Remsen Road and North Wading River Road. Ladder trucks will be in front of the firehouse.
• Friday from 9 a.m. to 1 p.m. — North Wading River Road between North Country Road and Cambridge Court.
On Thursday night, traffic on Route 25A and Wading River Manor Road is expected to be heavier than usual, the release states.
Funeral services will be held at the Wading River fire station Wednesday and Thursday from 2 to 4 p.m. and 7 to 9 p.m. A firematic service will start at 7:30 p.m. Thursday.
A mass will be held 10 a.m. Friday at St. John the Baptist Roman Catholic Church. Internment will take place at Wading River Cemetery.
Obituary information wasn't immediately available.
Thomas Lateulere, wading river fire department
Riverhead News-Review Service Directory: June 30, 2016
Maryclaire A. Commender


ALBANY, New York, April 8, 2016: A new market research study has been recently added by ResearchMoz.us to its comprehensive collection of research reports. The study, titled "The Chinese Smartphone Industry, 4Q 2015," provides a detailed analysis of the smartphone industry in China. It further provides data for the fourth quarter of 2015. The research study further throws light on the drivers and barriers, current trends, and opportunities and challenges that are projected to be faced by the major players operating in the smartphone industry in China.
The research study talks about the shipment volume of the key vendors in the smartphone industry in China. The recent product launches and market share of each vendor have been discussed in the research report for the fourth quarter of 2015.
According to the research study, the shipment volume of the smartphone industry in China witnessed a rise and reached around 130.9 mn units in the fourth quarter of 2015. In the same quarter, around 259 new models were launched. On the basis of shipment volume, Xiaomi led the overall market in China, accounting for a 13.9% share in the Chinese smartphone industry. Xiaomi is followed by a small margin by Huawei, which held a 13.7% share in the smartphone industry in China. The recent launch of the iPhone 6S and 6S Plus has resulted in an increased share of Apple in the China market, with Apple's share increasing by 1.8 percentage points, resulting in a 12.8% share in the China market in the fourth quarter of 2015.
The research study is divided into segments dealing with distinct aspects of the Chinese smartphone industry, including the industry chain and strategies that are estimated to fuel the growth of the industry along with feasibility and investment return analyses. It further talks about the several products available in the overall market, coupled with the efficiency of production and pricing structure of the Chinese smartphone industry. The demand and supply dynamics in the Chinese industry for smartphones for the fourth quarter of 2015 are also discussed in the scope of the report. It also includes export and import figures for the smartphone industry in China.
Furthermore, the research study covers the vendor analysis and competitive landscape of the smartphone industry in China, including an overview, business policies and strategies, SWOT analysis, financial overview, mergers and acquisitions, and recent events. The prominent players operating in the smartphone industry in China are Huawei, HTC1, Lenovo, Apple, Samsung, and Xiaomi. Some of the other vendors mentioned in the research report are Oppo, Tmall, China Mobile, Motorola, Spreadtrum, Qualcomm, China Unicom, Valve, ZTE, Taobao, MediaTek, Meizu, K-Touch, Google, Gionee, Hisilicon, China Telecom, and Suning.


Indian online markets are growing at a rapid pace. Companies are betting hard to unleash the potential many billion customers and rooting them to their platform.
The e-retailer Amazon is now testing a new mobile website in Hindi to target a huge chunk of Hindi speaking consumers in the country. The website will have interface features text in Hindi.
With this move in action, Amazon happens to be the first ever e-commerce company in India with a website interface in a language other than in English.
"We work backwards from our customer needs and continuously explore and experiment with new ways of making the shopping experience convenient and easy for customers in India. As part of that, we have started piloting the Amazon.in shopping experience in Hindi," an Amazon spokesperson told the Economic Times.
With increased internet connectivity, Hindi speaking belt has started relying on e-commerce websites for their shopping needs. Amazon's move is being seen as an attempt to reach out to the internet users in the rural parts of the country who speaks Hindi as a native language. Experts believe that with a Hindi website, Amazon India will take Hindi-only Flipkart head on.


Remastered 1964 debut US album. With Beatlemania & the British invasion in full swing the band were announced as "England's Newest Hit Makers". Released to coincide with the Stones' arrival in New York City on June 1, 1964, where they began their first US tour. The band played to very small audiences in the eight cities. The track listing is the same as their eponymous first UK release except for their Buddy Holly cover of "Not Fade Away" replacing "Mona (I Need You Baby)". Keith Richards describing the album said it "reflected what we used to play at the Crawdaddy, a regular diet of Jimmy Reed, Bo Diddley, Muddy Waters with some Slim Harpo. The album was the cream of the set." Mostly covers there is one Jagger/Richards original "Tell Me" & two group compositions under their nom de plume Nanker Phelge (including one co-write with Phil Spector). The album was recorded at Regent Sound in London mostly live in the studio.


text:
Eyewitnesses Ponder Real Reasons Behind Raid On Kyiv Nightclub, Question Excessive Force
October 30, 2017 13:38 GMT
By Christopher Miller
Ukraine has struggled with young men evading conscription. Some observers suggest the true aim of the raid at the Jugendhub nightclub was to round up draft dodgers.
KYIV -- Eyewitnesses and human rights advocates say Ukrainian authorities used excessive force when they arrested 17 young clubgoers for drug possession and detained 32 others they described as draft dodgers in an early morning raid on a popular Kyiv nightclub.
Armed and masked, and reportedly wearing unmarked uniforms, dozens of officers from Ukraine's National Police and the Internal Affairs Ministry stormed the Jugendhub nightclub, located in the capital's Shevchenkivskyy district, as some 200 people between the ages of 15 and 25 were partying shortly after midnight on October 28.
The National Police published photographs of cash, credit cards, small amounts of marijuana, and psychotropic drugs it said were confiscated during the raid. It said those arrested for drug possession were taken to the Shevchenkivskyy police department for processing. The 32 detained for allegedly evading conscription were taken to a military office.
Law enforcement officers also found 11 minors among those at the club and transferred them to their parents, the National Police said.
Eyewitnesses say that law enforcement officers used excessive force during the raid and question the real reasons behind it.
According to eyewitness accounts, the officers stormed the club and ordered clubgoers to lie on the floor or stand with their faces against a wall. One account described the police as being "very determined and aggressive."
Lyuda Korniyevych, a journalist for the Hromadske TV channel who was at the club, described officers behaving in an "outrageous" manner, adding, "They threw clubbers on the floor."
Korniyevych said officers beat club-goers who tried to film the raid with their phones. Still, some videos emerged from the raid. One, published on Instagram and shared widely on Facebook, shows what appears to be an officer searching the club with a flashlight while a group of people are huddled off to the side.
"[Officers] were looking for drugs. They said they had a search warrant," Korniyevych added.
Jugendhub later alleged in a post on Facebook that officers had stolen "personal belongings."
The club shared a photograph that showed the place torn apart. "There are spots of blood on the floor," it added.
News of the raid enraged some human rights advocates. In an interview with the 112 Ukraine TV channel, Mikhail Chaplyga, representative of Ukraine's parliamentary human rights committee, described the authorities' actions as "lawlessness."
Masi Nayyem, a military veteran turned lawyer for the Kyiv-based Miller law firm, expressed his outrage in a post on Facebook, saying the firm was collecting information and preparing documents to build a criminal case against law enforcement officers whom he accused of using excessive force.
Authorities said the raid came after residents living near the club complained about noise and the suspicious behavior of its young patrons. But some observers suggest the true aim of the raid was to round up draft dodgers.
The Human Rights Information Center said in a statement on its website that the 32 young men detained at the club were taken to a recruitment office and held for hours. It said that military officials assisted police in the raid.
Hromadske TV later reported, citing a lawyer for one of the detained men, that the men had been released in the afternoon on October 28.
Ukraine reintroduced military conscription in 2014 to counter the Russia-backed separatist insurgency in its eastern regions. The armed conflict, now in its fourth year, has killed more than 10,100 people.
While several mobilizations have since grown and trained what is now among the largest standing armies in Europe, with more than 200,000 active servicemen, it has struggled to some degree with men evading conscription.
Christopher Miller is a correspondent based in Kyiv who covers the former Soviet republics.
millerjchristopher@gmail.com
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AnonD-264811, 18 May 2014Late last year I was going to buy a Xperia Z1 which was the best overall as I compared it wit... moreThe camera is good, but there are a couple better tuned ones out.
And the reason it topped that chart is because there are a couple they have not tested yet and it's a combined testing. Not just pictures.
Just pictures the 1020 and 808 are still better.
AnonD-90736, 18 May 2014I'm afraid your logic is flawed, yet again talking about the Note 3, the PRO 2 is way ahead of... moreYeah...Lol. Taking half a year to copy a device and try to do it feature to feature yet not not overcoming it is beating it how? G Pro 2 is good, but did not best the GN3. And the G2 had a slightly better display than G Pro 2.
And Optimistic UI is just a touchwiz copy lately.
The most excellent built quality you can get in smartphone which is both water and dust resistant, power button, volume key and camera buttons, all are well placed and are of really good quality, even can last for a lot more hits than most out there, I found that the flaps are a good design element than typical open ports and I had no problem using it (open/close flaps) to charge the handset, even if it was not a waterproof device I would like to have them for the clean look it provides, for those less comfortable there's a magnetic charging dock, the battery is good last at least a day and half, embedded battery is nice thing as I remember a average person needs to remove battery mostly to place a sim or sd card, charging the battery is a good idea than replacing with charged one, even if you're travelling consider a power bank with higher capacity and that's all, the display got a upgrade to IPS Panel and must say its very vivid, well saturated and natural, viewing angels are good infact it doesn't matter as I won't need to use it from 160th or 170th degree, might someone uses it from that angel, but I won't, the stereo speakers are awesome, provides a good separation between both channels but they work a little bit differently, Only ringing is louder, music and video has a good amount of audio level all the way premium Sony sound and if you're upgrading from a device with a louder reception like Chinese phones then can't say what its like to you, the call quality is also good and you can hear it all, those speakers are waterproof regardless of that sound is good, the camera is one of the best you can have in a smartphone but for that you need to experience it yourself, there are mixed reviews for it and to be specific Xperia Z2 tops the DxO benchmarks and scores more than, 41MP Nokia Pureview's score and can't say why the guys who review's the device say it won't have a good camera, some other way around. Its a fast device I don't have even a game which can slow down it, more than enough power 3GB Ram is icing on the cake. There's a lot to share but I think this much info can help you decide, If you like it go for it, :) .
AnonD-249161, 16 May 2014So,it's now proven that 3GB RAM of z2 didn't help to blow s5 away!open yourn eyes Sony fanboys... moreSamsung cheats on benchmark..
Anonymous, 18 May 2014Says who? Especially with your flawed logic. If you are basing it off the G pro 2 then you a... moreI'm afraid your logic is flawed, yet again talking about the Note 3, the PRO 2 is way ahead of the Note 3, especially in terms of software, you need to do more reading before you can even imagine arguing with me. LG will be very successful this year, Sony i'm afraid are going to have to work a lot harder with the Z3 to overtake LG. Samsung may as well forget competing especially with the awful S5.
AnonD-90736, 18 May 2014LG will rule this year, the G PRO 2 is fantastic and the G3 will take them further ahead of th... moreSays who? Especially with your flawed logic.
If you are basing it off the G pro 2 then you are already wrong.
G Pro 2 was a 6 months late copy cat of the note 3 and still only just barely matched it in some aspects.
LG will rule this year, the G PRO 2 is fantastic and the G3 will take them further ahead of the competition, the only saviour for Sony will be the Z3 with slimmer bezels and much louder sound, Sony forget waterproofing and makes the phone worse rather than better.
Well, gsmarena battery test show that xperia z2 got one of the best battery life.I mean it come in fourth place after lumia 1520,g flex, and sony own t2 ultra which are phablets.so technically it got the best battery life in a smartphone at 89h.
AnonD-263908, 18 May 2014Ignorance is surely bliss....don't just limit yourself to GSMARENA reviews.....watch other web... moremaybe you should take your own advice?
Al though I also don't necessarily agree it's nothing to brag about....but not quite what people think.
AnonD-169727, 16 May 2014Galaxy S5 produces slightly better photos with more details, despite Xperia Z2 having a 20.7 M... moreIgnorance is surely bliss....don't just limit yourself to GSMARENA reviews.....watch other websites to learn what they are talking about z2's camera.
darkraver, 17 May 2014True, too much fanboyism...all in all, flagships are mostly quite on the same level, only &quo... moreLol. You complain yet you are on the bandwagon.
Anonymous, 17 May 2014for me G3 is more good looking than Z2! It's not about appearance, prefer and need a top performance and build like Sony Z2 cell phone.
Other cheap brands don't even come close to this cell phone of the year!
AnonD-209094, 17 May 2014High temp does also degrade batteries, thats right, but its for the same reason, namely the ex... moreWow, "tends to fully drain the battery before swapping it."? WTF. As if fixed battery smartphone users aren't going fully drain their batteries. I for one have no problem changing the battery when it reaches 20% to prevent deep drainage. And like iPhone users, you would need to vary that extra accessory of a power bank?
1. Better battery cycling and thereby longer life, since you practically reduce cycles per battery individually.
2. Seconds to get a full charge back than wait 2 hours to charge.
3. No need to carry the charger or a heavier power bank.
4. You have a choice of a third party extended battery, even trippling the capacity.
5. Safer to charge on a cradle than on the device as about 10% (OK, probably less, but still a chance) of batteries have chances to be unstable.
7. An extra battery is smaller and thinner to carry inside your pocket.
8. When your battery finally gives up, you just buy a new one.
10. Your device becomes practically wireless without the need to plug in via the micro USB most of the time if you just charge the spent battery via the battery cradle further at home.
A fixed battery gives the advantages of a smaller and thinner body, less expensive to make without the extra housing, and ligther. But it has less practicality to me. You'd have to get this which does not give you a full charge and becomes dead weight, or carry a bulky power bank.
And heat is the number one enemy of batteries. It does degrade the battery. Show me literature that says otherwise.
That is what counts I guess, and that is what flames other users.


We're up to our ears in working our first print issue, and couldn't be happier about it. One of our featured artists is Jess Best, a jazz-R&B-all-things-good musician based in Brooklyn. We fell in love with her debut album, Gone Baby, and have been swooning over her ever since. She was kind enough to make us up a playlist -- all made up of tunes from "up and coming" artists. Please enjoy and share. The Loam crew has been bopping our heads to this stellar playlist for days now.


Discussion in 'Designers and Collections' started by La bordélique, Mar 7, 2009.
so far, i love it!!
Fantastic! I love it And the hair looks great too!
it's so nice to see ann continuing to evolve in such an incredible way without losing her spirit. this is looking so utterly beautiful.
Now this is looking amazing so far!!
ok i was waiting for ann whole day but now i really don't know... need to see more but for now i like more feather head pieces which are part of stylng than clothes. And that is def. not good.


Not all of the impact studies reported in this assessment employed SRES-based climate scenarios. Earlier scenarios are described in previous IPCC reports (IPCC, 1992, 1996; Greco et al., 1994). The remaining discussion focuses on SRES-based climate projections, which are applied in most CCIAV studies currently undertaken.
In recent years, many simulations of the global climate response to the SRES emission scenarios have been completed with AOGCMs, also providing regional detail on projected climate. Early AOGCM runs (labelled 'pre-TAR') were reported in the TAR (Cubasch et al., 2001) and are available from the IPCC DDC. Many have been adopted in CCIAV studies reported in this volume. A new generation of AOGCMs, some incorporating improved representations of climate system processes and land surface forcing, are now utilising the SRES scenarios in addition to other emissions scenarios of relevance for impacts and policy. The new models and their projections are evaluated in WG I (Christensen et al., 2007a; Meehl et al., 2007; Randall et al., 2007) and compared with the pre-TAR results below. Projections of global mean annual temperature change for SRES and CO2-stabilisation profiles are presented in Box 2.8.
Pre-TAR AOGCM results held at the DDC were included in a model intercomparison across the four SRES emissions scenarios (B1, B2, A2, and A1FI) of seasonal mean temperature and precipitation change for thirty-two world regions (Ruosteenoja et al., 2003).9 The inter-model range of changes by the end of the 21st century is summarised in Figure 2.6 for the A2 scenario, expressed as rates of change per century. Recent A2 projections, reported in WG I, are also shown for the same regions for comparison.
Almost all model-simulated temperature changes, but fewer precipitation changes, were statistically significant relative to 95% confidence intervals calculated from 1,000-year unforced coupled AOGCM simulations (Ruosteenoja et al., 2003; see also Figure 2.6). Modelled surface air temperature increases in all regions and seasons, with most land areas warming more rapidly than the global average (Giorgi et al., 2001; Ruosteenoja et al., 2003). Warming is especially pronounced in high northern-latitude regions in the boreal winter and in southern Europe and parts of central and northern Asia in the boreal summer. Warming is less than the global average in southern parts of Asia and South America, Southern Ocean areas (containing many small islands) and the North Atlantic (Figure 2.6a).
For precipitation, both positive and negative changes are projected, but a regional precipitation increase is more common than a decrease. All models simulate higher precipitation at high latitudes in both seasons, in northern mid-latitude regions in boreal winter, and enhanced monsoon precipitation for southern and eastern Asia in boreal summer. Models also agree on precipitation declines in Central America, southern Africa and southern Europe in certain seasons (Giorgi et al., 2001; Ruosteenoja et al., 2003; see also Figure 2.6b).
• The basic pattern of projected warming is little changed from previous assessments.
• The projected rate of warming by 2030 is insensitive to the choice of SRES scenarios.
• Averaged across the AOGCMs analysed, the global mean warming by 2090-2099 relative to 1980-1999 is projected to be 1.8, 2.8, and 3.4°C for the B1, A1B, and A2 scenarios, respectively. Local temperature responses in nearly all regions closely follow the ratio of global temperature response.
• Model-average mean local precipitation responses also roughly scale with the global mean temperature response across the emissions scenarios, though not as well as for temperature.
• The direction and magnitude of seasonal precipitation changes for the A2 scenario are comparable to the pre-TAR changes in most regions, while inter-model ranges are wider in some regions/seasons and narrower in others (Figure 2.6b).
• Confidence in regional projections is higher than in the TAR for most regions for temperature and for some regions for precipitation.


text:
Methodist Children's Hospital
Methodist Heart Hospital
Methodist Specialty and Transplant Hospital
Methodist Healthcare Hospitals Overview
As the region's most preferred health care provider, Methodist Healthcare has a dynamic team of over 8,000 professionals and support staff devoted to fulfilling our mission of serving humanity to honor God and providing exceptional and cost-effective health care accessible to all. More than 2,700 physicians in every field of specialization maintain credentials to practice at Methodist Healthcare Hospitals. In 1963, Methodist Hospital was the first hospital to open in the now world-renowned Medical Center. Today, Methodist Hospital includes these additional campuses in the Medical Center: Methodist Heart Hospital, Methodist Children's Hospital and Methodist Specialty and Transplant Hospital. Specialized services are provided through departments including the Texas Transplant Institute, Texas Neurosciences Institute, Gamma Knife® Center and Methodist Women's Pavilion.
Chartered in 1955, Methodist Hospital became the first hospital built in the South Texas Medical Center. A group of businessmen known as the Five Oaks donated 40 acres for the development of a world-class medical hub. A groundbreaking ceremony was held in 1960 featuring a mock nuclear blast to showcase the design plans of the hospital: the world's first nuclear-age hospital with two floors built completely underground to ensure vital services were available in the event of a nuclear attack. The hospital opened in 1963 and welcomed the first baby born in the Medical Center. Methodist Hospital now delivers more than 5,000 babies annually. In addition to its outstanding obstetrics program, Methodist Hospital is also known for its outstanding neurology and neurosurgical care as well as orthopedics, bone marrow transplants, emergency services and an oncology program which includes South Texas' only Gamma Knife® Center. Methodist Hospital is accredited by the Joint Commission in stroke care and is one of two Texas hospitals to receive the highest quality award from the Texas medical Foundation Health Quality Institute: The Texas Medical Foundation Gold Award for Health Care Improvement.
Methodist Children's Hospital is dedicated to providing outstanding pediatric care for children from all over Texas and beyond. Colorful images and artwork enhance every window and wall, creating a warm, welcoming environment that is focused on the health and well-being of each child. Methodist Children's Hospital has a spacious emergency department dedicated to pediatric cases with 32 individual treatment rooms, each equipped with a television and an activity center. The newborn intensive care unit is a regional center of excellence with 78 licensed beds over 19,000 square feet, caring for the most fragile premature and special needs babies. Methodist Children's Hospital is among the nation's largest providers of blood and marrow stem cell and cord blood transplants for children, having performed over 500 transplants since program inception.
As an accredited chest pain center, Methodist Heart Hospital is the area's leader in cardiac care and recognized for an outstanding heart transplant program. Methodist Heart Hospital pioneered many procedures in cardiac care, including the first balloon angioplasty and the first heart valve transplant, and was the first hospital in San Antonio to offer a cardio-hospitalist program in which two cardiologists work in the hospital on rotating shifts, 24 hours a day, seven days a week, prepared to care for patients with signs and symptoms of a heart attack. Methodist Heart Hospital recently opened a Hybrid Operating Room, offering cardiology specialists and surgeons the opportunity to provide a wider range of services in a single room. Methodist Heart Hospital is the only private hospital in the area performing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement, or TAVR.
Methodist Specialty and Transplant Hospital is a full-service facility that is widely acclaimed for its outstanding kidney, liver and pancreas transplant programs. Home to the Texas Transplant Institute, the center made medical history by performing the world's first 16-way kidney donor exchange in three consecutive days in a single center. The kidney transplant program is the largest living donor program in the nation, due to the success of its paired exchange kidney program. Other specialty areas include emergency care, psychiatry, bariatric surgery, inpatient rehabilitation, and the latest treatments for cancer and incontinence. The facility houses a program with a specially trained team that works with law enforcement officers to provide forensic exams and emergency care for survivors of sexual assault.
Methodist Healthcare Hospitals Specialties
Comprehensive Rehabilitation Services
Rehabilitation services include treatment for amputation, spinal cord injury, sports injury, stroke, musculoskeletal syndromes, and more. These services can include, but are not limited to, cardiopulmonary rehabilitation, pain management, and physical therapy.
Many hospitals at the Medical Center specialize in emergency trauma services, including the initial treatment and acute care of patients who present a broad spectrum of illness and injuries.
Neonatal healthcare refers to the provision of medical care for newborns up to 28 days after birth. Many of the institutions in the Medical Center specialize in neonatal healthcare.
Many institutions at the Medical Center offer transplant services, including organ and tissue transplants. These hospitals and centers also conduct research trials aimed at improving transplant services.


Furnished with modern and trendy decor and is spacious and open plan with a private balcony. Access to the rooftop pool and gym on the same floor. Fully furnished and has a full kitchen.
Located in the heart of Cape Town, Four Seasons - Penthouse is half a kilometre from Long Street and within 2.9 km of V&A Waterfront. Free WiFi is offered. Accommodations feature a flat-screen TV, a private bathroom and a fully equipped kitchen with a dishwasher. An oven and microwave are also featured, as well as a coffee machine and an electric tea pot. Four Seasons - Penthouse has a sun terrace.


Our "Daffodile" girls began their love affair with "Daf Booty" in FW11. Ladies, the affair continues into 2012! Some would consider this version, covered in the super exclusive hAnd painted python skull Mexico, "Death by Daf."