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Core Mission Statement
ABCCONN Historical Committee
ABCUSA Website
Local Church Ministries
Camp Wightman
Denominational News & Information
Commission on Ministry
Giving & Offerings
Churches in Partnership, Sharing Resources, Inviting and Equipping Disciples
American Baptist Leaders Release "You Are Special" Storybook Video
Jan 20, 2022 | Denominational News & Information, Local Church Ministries
VALLEY FORGE, PA (ABNS 12/1/21)—American Baptist Churches USA is pleased to offer a children's storybook video for the American Baptist family based upon the book, "You are Special" by Max Lucado with illustrations by Sergio Martinez. Members of the National Executive Council provided the voices and narration for the story and director Jonathan Wu produced the video. The story tells of a group of Wemmicks who live in a community where people place dots on one another for bad things and stars on one another for doing good things. One of the members of the community, Punchinello, notices that Lucia has no stars or dots and sets out on a journey to discover how this is possible. While the video is drawn from a children's book, the message is one for all ages.
Baptist Spirituality
Jan 26, 2023 | Reflections
As Baptists,...
Dec 16, 2022 | Reflections
Peace Again...
Dec 9, 2022 | Reflections
The wilderness...
American Baptist Churches of Connecticut
90a North Main Street
E-mail: jhadmin@abcconn.org
Copyright 2022. ABCCONN. All Rights Reserved


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Illinois Works Pre-Apprenticeship Program Open for Second Round of Applications
(WRXX) Gov. J.B. Pritzker and the Illinois Department of Commerce and Economic Opportunity (DCEO) Thursday opened the application for the second round of Illinois Works Pre-Apprenticeship Program funding.
The $15 million in funding will increase training opportunities, expand the talent pipeline, and boost diversity in the construction industry and building trades.
Approximately $8 million in funding will target increased geographic diversity and participation from diverse groups not represented in current programming through a competitive Notice of Funding Opportunity (NOFO), and approximately $7 million will be available through a contract extension to current grantees who have excelled at key benchmarks.
The Illinois Works Pre-Apprenticeship Program launched in 2021 with the goal of increasing diversity and access to apprenticeship programs.
Comprehensive pre-apprenticeship programs can help participants gain admission to apprenticeship programs, which provide a greater opportunity to obtain employment in the construction trades.
During the first program year, Illinois Works awarded nearly $10 million in funding to 22 organizations, servicing approximately 1,000 participants across the state.
While programming for the first year is still in progress through the end of 2022, preliminary enrollment figures show encouraging representation among key target demographics.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Listen to your heart…especially when it is hot in the Kalahari!
Don't be fooled by the heading, this is not the new lyrics of the well-known Roxette song or a juicy love story from the recent Kalahari Augrabries Extreme Marathon (KAEM). Instead, when it is hot in the Kalahari Desert, things can go wrong, and if you run with a weak heart, there could be grave consequences.
It's now a month since the end of KAEM, and in many ways, it feels as if I have done another extreme race during this period, not by running, but confronting the realities of what made my KAEM experience so challenging towards the end of the race. It's not an experience I'm keen to repeat or even share with others. However, I've learnt some valuable lessons about my health during and after KAEM, and hopefully, my story will help others doing these races or participate in sport in general.
But let's go back to a few weeks before KAEM and the underlying reasons for my troubles in the Kalahari.
I participated in the 250km Fire and Ice Ultra from 27 August – 1 September 2018 in Iceland. This was my tenth multi-stage desert race since 2010, and by finishing a race in Europe, I became the first African to complete one of these races on all seven continents.
I trained very hard for almost six months, and was better prepared for this race than any of my previous desert races. I wanted the Fire and Ice Ultra to be a special experience in terms of running across the lava fields of Iceland, and achieving a unique desert running milestone. But despite my planning and preparations, and ultimately finishing the race, there were many small hick-ups along the way, and the consequences of some would come back to haunt me in the Kalahari.
Problems with inter-airline baggage arrangements, my luggage getting lost en route to Iceland, gear failures during the race, a painful right knee which made running extremely uncomfortable, etc. were some of the issues which tested my patience before and during the race. But unknown to me at the time, the issue which had the most significant impact on my performance during the Fire and Ice Ultra, the period after the race, and then during KAEM, was a flu virus.
A week before the start of the Fire and Ice Ultra I woke up feeling as if I was hit by a bus. I immediately knew I was sick and that my participation in the race was in jeopardy. However, after a few days on antibiotics, I felt much better by the time I left for Iceland on 23 August, and when the race started on 27 August, I was ready to conquer another desert.
I had a very good first day, finishing the 42km stage in 11th position. However, I can still remember telling my tent mates that it felt as if I had to work harder than usual, especially so early in a race. I blamed it on the cold conditions, the flu of the previous week, and the fact that I haven't run for a few days before the race. My "flu diagnosis" was spot-on, unfortunately not only because I had it the previous week, but unknown to me, because the virus was still in my system.
During the rest of the race, especially after the first two hours of every stage, I really struggled to run, and had to walk for long periods. It was a very frustrating situation as I felt fine, but just couldn't get my legs to move. I continued to blame it on the flu, and when my right knee became painful on the 70km long stage (day four), I decided to take it easy over the last few days and just enjoy the overall experience. In the end, I finished the race, although not as planned, and as soon as the post-race celebrations started, my struggles and frustrations of the previous few days were a distant memory.
There was a seven-week gap between the end of the Fire and Ice Ultra and the start of KAEM.
On my return to South Africa, I took it easy for two weeks, and then went to the Karkloof100 trail race, held in the Karkloof Nature Reserve in KwaZulu-Natal, to pace a good friend, Philip Boardman (KAEM 2013), over the final 80km. Unfortunately, Philip's race didn't go according to plan, and he decided to withdraw at the halfway mark. As this was going to be my "long-run" in preparation for KAEM, I was eager to run, and fortunately, René Vollgraaff (KAEM 2015 & 2016) allowed me to accompany her over the last 65km of the race. Not long into our run the heavens opened and transformed the Karkloof trails into small muddy rivers. Given the conditions, it took us almost 12 hours to finish the last part of the race. Although wet and tired, I felt good after my struggles in Iceland, and very pleased that with my "help" Rene finished third in the women's race.
Given my training and preparations for the Fire and Ice Ultra, and as I haven't "used" it as planned during the race, and with the Karkloof long-run in the bag, I was in good shape with just four weeks to go before the start of KAEM.
But then a few things happened which, in hindsight, I should have dealt with differently.
Once back in Johannesburg, I started experiencing severe headaches every morning for about a week. This development concerned me, especially as I never get headaches, but then they suddenly stopped, and as far as I was concerned, the problem was resolved.
The following week, with less than three weeks to go before the start of KAEM, I did my annual Discovery Vitality fitness test. Although the overall results were positive, my blood pressure was 30 points higher than during my previous test eight months earlier. This was a significant change for someone with no history of high blood pressure. I immediately contacted my GP, and he again checked my blood pressure a few days later. It confirmed the Discovery Vitality reading, and he put me on long-term chronic medication to lower my blood pressure. According to him, there was no reason to cancel my participation in KAEM, and although puzzled about the whole situation, I continued with my preparations for the race as before.
I had my blood pressure checked again on the Monday and Tuesday before the race. There was no change in the reading, but my GP was happy with my condition and with that my focus shifted to running my second KAEM.
It was never my intention to repeat KAEM or any of the other desert races which I have done since 2010. Each race is a very unique experience, and once I finish a race my focus shifts to a new challenge somewhere else in the world. Compared to when I first started running these races, there are now so many new desert races organised worldwide, and as a result, almost no reason to repeat any race. But KAEM is different, maybe because for South Africans it is "our" desert race, and I only realised how much I missed the race (and the "KAEM family") once I arrived in Augrabies, re-connected with many familiar faces and new characters, and finally, started running the first stage on 20 October 2018.
Any self-sufficient, multi-stage desert race over 250km is a tough physical and mental challenge. On top of this, KAEM presents you with two added challenges – sand, or in the world of race director, Estienne Arndt, "dry sandy river beds", and the heat. Even if the latter is mild, this toxic combination gives most runners sleepless nights. And when it becomes sweltering hot in the Kalahari, it changes the race from a tough to an extreme challenge.
Compared to what I can remember from 2010, however, we had reasonably mild temperatures for the few days during this year's race, including the 78km long stage on day four.
I had a fantastic first day, covering the 25km stage in 2h19 and finishing eighth overall. I knew it was too fast for me, but after my struggles in Iceland, I felt great running without any illness or injury, and confident about the rest of the race. However, as in Iceland, my performance on the first stage was not a sign of what was to come, but rather the start of a slow downward slide as a result of issues unknown to me at the time.
From stage two onwards I again struggled to run after the first two hours. I didn't feel sick or injured, my legs were just totally unresponsive. It was the Iceland experience all over again, and for the first time, I started thinking that there was something wrong with me. I also struggled to eat and drink, which is never a good thing during these races as you have to keep your energy up while running or recover for the next stage.
We had a day off after the long stage (day four), and with our campsite on the banks of the Orange River, it was a day to relax and recover before the final two stages. Although frustrated with my performance over the previous days, I was hoping that the rest day would give my body the necessary boost to finish the race on a high note. Unfortunately, the next day and a half would turn out to be the most challenging of all my desert races.
Stage five was 48km in length, and for the first time in the race, the Kalahari sun was out in full force, with the temperature soaring to the high 40 degrees by early afternoon. I started well and even ran a few kilometres with the race leader and eventual winner, Bennie Roux. But after leaving the first checkpoint (7.5km), it became obvious to me that I was running slower and slower without feeling tired or injured. My legs were totally unresponsive, and other runners passed me as if I was standing still. At the same time, it was getting hotter by the minute, and I knew it was going to be a long day in the Kalahari heat.
When I reached the third checkpoint (24.5km), I felt totally drained of any energy or motivation. I immediately sat down, something I never do – my motto is always to keep on moving, regardless of the pace. But I needed a rest, cool down and get myself sorted before taking on the second half of the stage. Eventually, I left the checkpoint, but in hindsight, I should have stayed longer or at least waited for someone that was moving at my pace.
Something was wrong with me, but what? Yes, it was very hot, but I'm used to running in the heat and places such as the Sahara Desert. Also, as I was moving slowly, I should not have felt that drained, both mentally and physically.
It felt like an eternity to reach checkpoint four (33km). By now I was cooked – in more ways than one – and in desperate need of water to cool me down. I was struggling, but still had 15km left to the finish, a long way to cover under the circumstances.
It was only after the race when I had an opportunity to look at the race photos that I fully realised how much I was "out of it" at that point. Every picture told a story, and based on these photos, I was fortunate to finish stage five, and the last stage the following day.
It took me almost three hours to cover the last 15km, and by the time I reached the campsite, I was not in good shape, to put it mildly. My temperature was 42 degrees, blood pressure 90/50, heart rate 142, and my pulse very weak. I felt dizzy, and my blood pressure dropped even further to as low as 66/40. Only after almost two hours with an ice pack on my head and in my pants did my vital signs return to normal.
However, unknown to me at the time, it was not my exposure to the Kalahari heat for eight hours which resulted in my unfortunate physical condition, although it played a significant role, but rather something else which was taking strain since day one in Iceland.
I didn't sleep much that night as I tried to make sense of what happened during stage five, but also, worried about how my body would cope with the remaining 26km of the sixth and final stage. And I had reason to worry, because, in many ways, the final stage was to be a repeat of what happened the day before.
Different from my experience on the final mornings of all my previous desert races, I felt no sense of relief or excitement that the race was almost done. I had no appetite for running or walking, and mentally, was not in a good place. But I've never ended a race with a DNF (did not finish) behind my name, and maybe that is what kept me going on the final two stages.
Surprisingly, I made steady progress to the first checkpoint (7.5km), and kept it up until about the 11km mark. By then it was very hot, and my pace quickly dropped to a slow walk. The final kilometre to the second checkpoint (15km) was in a dry riverbed which not only made my progress even slower, but it also felt like walking in an oven.
I reached the checkpoint feeling exactly the same, if not worse, as during the latter part of the previous stage. Although I only had 11km left to the finish, I was in bad shape. If the doctor pulled me from the race at that point, I probably would have accepted his decision without much resistance.
However, after sitting down for about 15-20 minutes, I felt slightly better and decided to continue plodding along to the finish. Fortunately, one of the volunteers, Phil Waudby (KAEM 2011), offered to walk the final stretch with me. This was a wonderful gesture and another example of what makes this race, and the people associated with it, so special. Phil had a few bottles of water in his backpack which he used to cool me down, while the race ambulance followed just behind us in case something went wrong. Phil kept talking to me, and although I wasn't in the mood for a conversation, his presence and support played a significant role in getting me to the finish.
The last few kilometres were very emotional for me, especially as we walked over "Moon Rock" and could see the Augrabies Falls National Park, the venue for the start and finish of the race, in the distance. I felt relieved that I survived the last two days and would finish another desert race, but also knew that I was lucky that it worked out in the end.
A few days later I would learn how lucky I really was.
Again, as in Iceland, once the race was done and the celebrations started, it was easy to forget about my pain and suffering of the previous few days, and just enjoy the moment and sense of achievement. My mood and physical condition made a remarkably quick recovery after a few Cokes at the finish, followed by a shower, and many other "refreshments" after that.
Bennie Roux and I had much to talk about during the long drive back to Johannesburg. My health was also a point of discussion, and regardless of all my theories of what went wrong, it was obvious that I needed expert medical advice about my condition before running again or even thinking of doing another desert race.
A few days after KAEM I visited a sports physician in Johannesburg. After listening to my story, he shared with me his experience of working with professional rugby players. The physical condition and fitness of these players are closely monitored, and anyone playing a match while sick (knowingly or unknowingly) usually recovers much slower than the other (healthy) players. Relating this experience to my condition, and explaining the impact of high performance or extreme sport on the body, and especially the heart, it was his opinion that the flu virus was still in my system at the start of the Fire and Ice Ultra. If this was the case, then running 250km in extreme conditions in Iceland placed my heart under severe strain. On top of that, I made a bad situation worse by doing another 250km race shortly after that in the Kalahari heat, with far-reaching consequences for my heart, and health in general.
Like a broken arm or sprained ankle, a flu-weakened body needs time and rest to fully recover before it can stand up to the rigors of exercise, especially high performance or extreme sport.
The sports physician referred me to a cardiologist in Cape Town for a thorough assessment of my condition. Following two days of intensive tests, and reviewing and re-assessing my performance during the Fire and Ice Ultra and KAEM, his conclusion confirmed the initial opinion of the sports physician.
I probably had a mild or sub-clinical version of myocarditis – an inflammation of the heart muscle. It occurs when an athlete resumes training too soon after a viral infection or common cold, and is often difficult to detect as a precautionary measure. If inflamed, the heart muscle becomes weaker and its capacity to pump blood declines, and the body stops receiving its vital supply of blood. Clots can form in your heart, leading to a stroke or heart attack.
According to the cardiologist, although the Kalahari heat on the last two stages was a severe physical test, it was "the straw that broke the camel's back" – my heart was already in bad shape and under severe strain, and telling the brain "to make me stop". Apparently, the heart makes this request only three times, and the brain will try slow you down after the first two requests, but after the third, will "switch off" your system. I was close to the third one, but how close, we will never know.
My fitness was never an issue and the tests done in Cape Town confirmed that I'm in prime physical condition. But without a healthy heart, physical fitness doesn't count for much.
Fortunately, at least I now know what is or was wrong with me. This was a scary experience and a big wake-up call. Desert races are challenging enough without any unnecessary "added" factors. I honestly believed that I was healthy at the start of the Fire and Ice Ultra, and whatever went wrong after that, I also felt more than ready at the start of KAEM. But, in hindsight, having already done so many of these races in the past, and knowing how my body reacts under challenging circumstances, the danger "signs" were there – sluggish performance in Iceland, headaches, high blood pressure, fatigue in the Kalahari, etc – and I should have known better and acted differently.
During a race in 2013 in Burkina Faso, I develop very bad blisters and infections as the race progressed. One of the others runners who experienced the same feet problems decided to withdraw from the race after the third stage. I didn't, and finished the race, but suffered the consequences of those infections long after returning to South Africa. After the race, I had a long chat with him about his decision, and his response was straightforward – "I probably could have finished the race, but it just wasn't worth it in terms of my health. Although difficult, you must be able to make that decision about your health. It is more important than finishing another race".
I'm mentally very tough (at least that is what I believe), but mental and physical toughness can sometimes just be stubbornness or the reason for not making the correct decision. In hindsight, I should have made "that" decision about my continued participation in KAEM at the end of stage five.
I was lucky, and although I didn't knowingly ignore specific advice about my health, it was not worth it to try and finish KAEM. Better said, I should have listened to my heart (and head)!
The cardiologist is confident that we can fix the damage done to my heart, but it will require a combination of medication, low-intensity physical activity, and a protein-based diet, at least for the next 3-6 months.
For now, I have no plans to enter another desert race in the immediate future. In fact, I haven't done any running since KAEM, and lack the desire and motivation to start again.
However, if I follow my prescribed rest and recovery plan for the next few months, I hope my heart will make the desired recovery and allow me to continue my love for desert running, and maybe, one day return to the Kalahari Desert for another KAEM.


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Badarina: our family's vineyard
Bunches of history
Badarina: this word summarizes the history of the Grimaldi family. This combination was born in the 30s of the 19th century with Nonna Clara (Bruna Grimaldi's mother), born in 1939, who, together with her sisters, used to live in a farmhouse in a small village in the centre of Badarina. In 1947, her family moved to the red brick house built on the top of the ridge, where it still stands, to dominate Badarina. Today, it is the only house of the small village that still exists: in the 60s the Bersano family bought the land and planted it with vines.
The vineyard was cultivated by hand, the soil was managed with the plough and the bull and the wheat was sown between the vines rows. Clara remembers that all the vines were hoed at least twice per year. And she also wants to emphasize that the purchase of the rototiller was a great progress, almost a revolution, the first transport with engine that was also used to travel to the centre of Serralunga. The grapes were vinified at home. Clara's father used to sell the wine in tanks thanks to a broker: she remembers that whenever a deal was closed, it was a day of celebration and a good lunch was prepared for these gentlemens with tajarin and chicken being normally offered. Then, Clara married Giovanni Grimaldi and moved to Grinzane Cavour in 1959. Nowadays, instead of meadows and sown areas, the long hill of Badarina, is designed by 20 hectares of vineyards, where the historic Vigna Regnola, in the areas surrounding the farmhouse, and other small plots are found on the ridge that extends southwards. These were planted with Nebbiolo and also with Dolcetto and Barbera in the remaining plots.
The history has changed but Badarina is still there, important and magnificent, and its Barolo is one of the most valued of Serralunga d'Alba.
M.G.A. BADARINA
Badarina draws, to East, the southern extremity of the long hill of Serralunga d'Alba. The high altitude (350-450 mt above sea level) and the peculiar characteristics of the soil give an exceptional complexity to the wine and perfumes to the wine. These are characterized by roses, violets aromas which develop into balsamic and mentholated notes with development. The soil belongs to Formazioni di Lequio and is one of the oldest in Langhe which mainly characterizes the municipality of Serralunga d'Alba, between those that belong to the Barolo area.
The grapes have thick and crunchy skins which present a high level of tannins and colour and they are well suited to long traditional skin macerations.
With their experience, Bruna and Franco have selected portions of the vineyard that are vinified separately and blended together only during the ageing process.
VIGNA REGNOLA
This is a historic vineyard that was officially claimed in the Barolo classification map. It is the vineyard that has always been planted with Nebbiolo vines. It is located in the heart of Badarina cru, with a south-facing aspect. It is considered to be one of the most prestigious vineyard of Badarina in terms of altitude, perfect exposition and shallow soil with superficial marl rock.
We produce Barolo Badarina Riserva from this vineyard. In the best vintages the grapes are selected during the harvest: on the top of the grapes from Vigna Regnola, other selected grapes are used. The cuvèe is vinified on its own following long submerged-cap macerations. The wine spends three years in oak and two years in bottle.
From this vineyard we produce:
Barolo Badarina
Barolo Badarina Riserva


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Wednesday 25 November 2020, INTERNATIONAL DAY AGAINST VIOLENCE ON WOMEN
Free release for the publication and distribution of video
(duration: 70 seconds).
On the international day for the elimination of violence against women, the cultural association In Progress of Taranto, organizer and owner of all the rights of Miss Progress International-Women for progress, releases again the video entitled "I say no!".
Giusy Nobile, president of the non-profit association that organizes the event, and Giuseppe Borrillo, pageant director, create a video warmly welcomed with enthusiasm by the spokesperson of Amnesty International Matera, Anna Elena Viggiano, partner of this production.
Each of the Ambassadors of Progress, wearing a costume typical of the cultural traditions of her country of origin, pronounced a short, clear and direct sentence in her own language: "no, means no".
The director, Carlo Barbalucca, allowed them to choose whether to show anger, fear, indignation or resignation to the camera. The end result is an intense message, addressed addressed to those who get stained with such a vile and serious crime.
The direction of photography was handled by Antonio Zanata, who also made the photos used in place of some video sequences.
This is the link to the video https://youtu.be/TNYYBBurmKY that In Progress makes available for free to anyone who wishes to publish and distribute it.
Upon request, to be sent to this email address, it will be possible to receive the file in HD.
Production and rights: Cultural Association In Progress
Written by: Giusy Nobile and Giuseppe Borrillo
Direction and post-production: Carlo Barbalucca
Director of photography: Antonio Zanata
Service: Massimo Cerbera and Illusia Filmworks
Shooting: Davide Preite
Giuseppe Borrillo
Miss Progress International – Pageant director
www.missprogressinternational.com


text:
Ride the bus to Disneyland from Riverside and…
Ride the bus to Disneyland from Riverside and San Bernardino for only $3 each way
Sleeping Beauty Castle at Disneyland in 2015. AP Photo/Jae C. Hong
By Marla Jo Fisher | mfisher@scng.com | Orange County Register
PUBLISHED: December 29, 2017 at 12:47 p.m. | UPDATED: December 30, 2017 at 1:46 a.m.
Tired of traffic and parking hassles at Disneyland? Don't want to pay $20 to park or discover that the parking garage is full when you get there?
Well, here's an idea: Starting on Jan. 14, you can ride an express bus route that starts in San Bernardino, goes through Riverside and ends up at Disneyland, directly in front of the park.
And, the best news of all, it only costs $3 each way. A 30-day pass costs $75, and prices are even cheaper for children 46 inches tall and under, seniors and the disabled.
"We expect the service to be very popular," said Brad Weaver, spokesman for the Riverside Transit Agency, which will operate the buses. "It's not just for entertainment, it's also for employees, because Disneyland is a large employment center for our residents."
Travel time for the Commuterlink Express Bus 200 is expected to be 90-110 minutes, depending on boarding location. Luckily, these commuter link buses have wi-fi, charging ports and comfy seats.
An example of the RTA commuter buses that will run to and from Riverside, San Bernardino and Disneyland.
Weaver said he expects the buses to be full, once people become acquainted with the new route.
Buses will run to Disneyland seven days a week, with schedules that vary according to whether they are on a weekday or weekend. Routes will start in San Bernardino at 3:42 a.m. weekdays, and 6 a.m. on weekends. The last bus back from the park will leave Anaheim at 9:29 p.m. weekdays, 9:09 p.m. weekends.
The new route (pickup and drop off locations):
San Bernardino Downtown Transit Center
Downtown Riverside at Lemon & University
Downtown Riverside Metrolink Station
Riverside Galleria at Tyler
La Sierra Metrolink Station
The Village at Orange
Disneyland (on Harbor Blvd. near East Shuttle Way).
Cost: $3 for general boarding. $2 for seniors/disabled/veterans. Day Pass (available for purchase on the bus) is $7 general and $5 for senior/disabled/veterans. 30-Day Pass (available at pass outlets and via RTA website) is $75 general and $50 for seniors/disabled/veterans.
Route map for the Route 200 Riverside Transit buses that will run to Disneyland via San Bernardino and RIverside.
Watch Spider-Man star Tom Holland film pre-show and demo gameplay for Avengers Campus ride
Niles: Here's why Disneyland needed to cancel its annual pass program
Park Life: Disneyland becomes vaccination super site and Spider-Man ride showdown
Disney considered Spider-Man and Doctor Strange themes for DCA's Tower of Terror ride
How the Bob Iger era changed Disneyland forever
Marla Jo Fisher | Reporter
Marla Jo Fisher was a workaholic hard news reporter before she adopted two children from foster care at age 46, picked up a scruffy dog along the way and somehow managed to keep them all alive, at least so far. She now writes the Frumpy Middle-Age Mom humor column that appears in the Orange County Register weekly. Due to her status as the cheapest person alive, she also writes about deals and bargains for the Register, including her Cheapo Travel column which also runs in newspapers around the country. When she's not having a nervous breakdown, she's usually traveling somewhere cheaply and writing about it.
mfisher@scng.com
Follow Marla Jo Fisher	@frumpymom
More in Disneyland
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Surely plenty of information out there about these. They are the top predators in the ocean.
Even though Sperm Whales are much larger they are almost defenseless against the quicker and more agile Orcinus Orca. Killer whales also hunt in packs and use some very clever methods to hunt. One of these methods is to use bubbles to trap/stun prey. They are also quiet adept at hunting in very shallow waters.
This is my first post in years on here and I'll add to it later.
I have a bit of a habit of not logging on for ages and then coming back.
Giant panda - black and white = all cuddly.
Killer whales - black and white = not at all cuddly.
Killer Whales, famously, beach themselves to catch seals and the like. We've all seen such footage in nature documentaries.
Now it seems that catfish are getting in on the act to catch pigeons.
From what I recall from watching BBC wildlife documentaries, Orcas will attack female sperm whales and their young, but flee when faced with the rather more aggressive (and toothier) Bulls.
I read a few months ago in "New Zealand Geographic" magazine (or something like that) that although Sperm Whales are the largest predators in the world, they are not the top predators.
Groups of Orcas will attack groups of Sperm Whales which, owing to their more cumbersome physique, are rendered defenseless. The Sperm whales configure themselves in a circle, and in an upright direction while the Orcas drag one Sperm Whale out of the defensive formation. The Sperm Whales will place the young and weak on the inside of the circle but essentially its just a matter of time before the Orcas take one.
Its a few months since I read the article though so I might not be describing it all that well.
In fact it was part of issue but you have to subscribe to read it.
The view put forward in 'Whales, Whaling and Ocean Ecosystems' is to the effect that while female sperm whales and their calves are not immune to predation by Orcas, they are by no means defenceless. Adult bull sperm whales are at one point opined to be "too strong for killer whales and thus immune to attack".
see page 178-179 for the relevant discussion).
The defensive formation that the pod of sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) adopts is called a marguerite, which if you knows your foreign, means "daisy". It has been observed that in some populations the marguerite is formed with the whales facing outward and in others with the whales facing inward to the centre of the circle, where calves are protected.
Orcas tend not to attack sperm whales, as they are a difficult and potentially dangerous prey when easier foraging is available. They also show a cultural preference in their diet and foraging behaviour, so only a few pods will have the knowledge/experience of knowing how to attack sperm whales.
I think Killers Whales would make a good topic. Killer Whales are not whales but dolphins. They are also part of a group of 6 species called black fish, despite the fact they are mammals and not black, or fish. Didn't QI also point out that fish do not even exist in a previous series?
A good opportunity for laying a trap for Alan Davis I suspect.
For German ears the idea of a female spermwhale is always somewhat gigglesome... ;-) We call them Pottwale (pot whales) for the pot-like shape of the head.
As mentioned in the Killer episode, Orca can develop new ways of hunting different prey and they are very good at teaching each other how to do each new technique. As a result different pods around the world have different techniques and a different range of prey. In New Zealand Dr Ingrid Visser has discovered the pods have developed several unique ways of hunting rays, including flipping them over. This renders them immobile (tonic immobility) even if uninjured, allowing the orca to continue hunting befoer going back and collecting the flipped rays at their leisure.


text:
Belmopan Info > Cayo District
Cayo District Belize
The Cayo District is the largest district in Belize. It is home to the nation's capital, Belmopan City. This district is primarily agricultural, however, recently oil was found in Spanish Lookout, a village in the Cayo District, and is now in production. The chief crops being produced in Cayo District are oranges, grapefruit, tangerine and bananas.
Xunantunich Ruins Ecotourism is also an integral part of the region's economy and is evident in the many existing nature reserves including two National Parks, Blue Hole and Guanacaste National Park. In addition, Cayo District has many Pre-Colombian Maya ruins: Xunantunich, Cahal Pech, Chaa Creek, and Caracol.
The district capital of Cayo District is San Ignacio Town. Benque Viejo del Carmen is the other town in the district while the villages are San Antonio Cayo, Valley of Peace, St. Margaret's, Roaring Creek, Armenia, San Jose Succotz, Arenal, Buena Vista, Calla Creek, Esperanza, Cristo Rey, Georgeville, Unitedville, Blackman Eddy, Ontario, Camalote, Los Tambos, More Tomorrow and Spanish Lookout.
Two major highways run through Cayo District: the Western Highway runs from Belize City to the Guatemalan border, and the Hummingbird Highway which starts in Belmopan and ends at the juncture of the Coastal Road and the Southern Highway in Stann Creek.
More information on Belmopan:


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Concept design and delivery of over 30 individual art pieces. This diverse project involved, design, making, sourcing, briefing and overseeing of fabrication and installation of all items.
This ultra-luxury hotel has a strong relationship with the art world and its central philosophies are 'A Sense of Place' and 'A Sense of Discovery'. In line with this over 30 individual artworks were created to reflect the capital city's unique history, culture, and sensibilities. Each piece celebrates different aspects of 'Britishness' and the capitol from iconic authors, actors, musicians, comics, cars, events and even animals.
Devising both the format and content of this exciting collection of curiosities meant not only sourcing and making myself but also working with a wide variety of artists and fabricators.
Individual glass vitrines were filled with fun, witty, contemporary art pieces.
Shown here is a celebration of British Pottery featuring the famous Wedgwood Blue Jasperware, behind the small sculptural figures there is even the proverbial 'bull in a china shop'. On the shelf below is a tribute to Monty Python's Flying Circus with a giant Botticelli foot appearing from a cloud onto an urban London Street scene.
There were many artworks painted on stacks of books, each one representing a British author, a particular novel or series of books or indeed a renowned publisher. Shown here is the character Mr. Bumble from Oliver Twist, painted on a sculptural stack of Dickens Novels and Peter Rabbit, one of Beatrix Potters best-known characters on a stack of iconic Beatrix Potter books.
There were several glass display domes containing artworks, from pigs marching on stilts in front of George Orwell's famous Animal Farm novel, to a copy of The Hound of the Baskervilles with Sherlock Holmes striking silhouette cut through its pages. Shown here is an artwork representing Ian Fleming, the British author of eleven Bond Novels, painted on the outside of the dome.
The British Bulldog, an unmistakable canine, often represents England as well as Sir Winston Churchill. It has also been adopted by the 'followers of fashion' on many occasions, from punks to an appearance on the catwalk at a Mulberry fashion show. Sitting proudly in the lobby this British Bulldog sculpture was adorned with a Vivienne Westwood inspired collar.


text:
package app

import common.graphql.UserContext
import common.slick.SchemaInitializer
import core.guice.injection.InjectorProvider._
import graphql.schema.{JwtSchema, UserSchema}
import repositories.{UserProfileSchemaInitializer, UserSchemaInitializer}
import sangria.schema.Field
import shapes.ServerModule

import scala.collection.mutable

class UserModule extends ServerModule[UserContext, SchemaInitializer[_]] {

  lazy val userSchema: UserSchema = inject[UserSchema]
  lazy val jwtSchema: JwtSchema = inject[JwtSchema]
  lazy val userSchemaInitializer: UserSchemaInitializer = inject[UserSchemaInitializer]
  lazy val userProfileSchemaInitializer: UserProfileSchemaInitializer = inject[UserProfileSchemaInitializer]

  override lazy val slickSchemas: mutable.HashSet[SchemaInitializer[_]] =
    mutable.HashSet(userSchemaInitializer, userProfileSchemaInitializer)
  override lazy val queries: mutable.HashSet[Field[UserContext, Unit]] = mutable.HashSet(userSchema.queries: _*)
  override lazy val mutations: mutable.HashSet[Field[UserContext, Unit]] =
    mutable.HashSet(jwtSchema.mutations ++ userSchema.mutations: _*)
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Difference Between Rugby League and Rugby Union
• Categorized under Miscellaneous,Sports | Difference Between Rugby League and Rugby Union
Rugby League vs Rugby Union
Rugby is a sport developed in spread areas within the United Kingdom. Playing the earliest form of the rugby game wasn't the invention of the game, but rather the events that led to the game being coded are seen as the 'invention' of rugby.
Rugby Union is a professional, as well as an amateur game, and first tier unions dominating the sport include England, France, Argentina, Ireland, New Zealand, Scotland, Wales and South Africa. It is run by the International Rugby Board headquartered in Dublin, Ireland. In countries like South Africa, New Zealand, Fiji, Wales, Samoa and Tonga, Rugby Union is the national sport. Rugby Union is the most popular type of rugby worldwide.
Rugby League, like the Union, is both a professional and amateur sport, run globally by the Rugby League International Federation.
The oval ball is a key feature common to both forms of rugby. As well, the ban on passing the ball forward is another of the two distinct features common to both forms. Others include tackling and tactical kicking
Although historically there were big differences due to culture, the differences are gradually getting less, as Union has had its laws drastically changed over the past years. Besides the number of players (13 for League and 15 for Union), the major differences between Union and League centers around the tackle, and what happens after that.
After the tackle, players in the Union fight for possession, and depending on what the situation is, a 'ruck' or a 'maul' can take place. League players though, may not contest possession after a tackle. Play goes on with a 'play-the-ball'. As well, the six tackle rule applies in League, while in Union, it does not apply. This is basically where a team surrenders possession when it doesn't score before a set of six tackles. With the rugby union, a team may keep possession for an unlimited number of tackles before they score, as long as they keep the ball and no foul is committed.
The Union has the 'scrum' and the 'lineout' as set pieces. The scrum involves opposing players pushing against each other for the ball, and the lineout is where players from either team line up parallel to each other, but perpendicular to the side line (touch-line), and then try to catch the ball when it is thrown from 'touch'.
The League however, has the scrum, but with far less importance, and is not often contested. As well, fewer players make up the scrum in the League. Here, set pieces start from play-the-ball scenarios.
For both the Union and League, positions share names and requirements, but Rugby League does not have flankers, while there are flankers in the Union.
Rugby League has 13 players, while Union has 15 players.
In the Union, players contest possession after tackle, while in the League, they may not contest possession after tackle.
The League has the six-tackle rule, while in the Union it does not apply.
The league doesn't place great importance on the scrum, while in the Union, it is a set-piece.
For player positions, the League has got no flankers, while the Union has flankers.
Kivumbi
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, . (2010, December 25). Difference Between Rugby League and Rugby Union. Difference Between Similar Terms and Objects. http://www.differencebetween.net/miscellaneous/difference-between-rugby-league-and-rugby-union/.
, . "Difference Between Rugby League and Rugby Union." Difference Between Similar Terms and Objects, 25 December, 2010, http://www.differencebetween.net/miscellaneous/difference-between-rugby-league-and-rugby-union/.
James Nariel
A lot of Rugby players dislike either league or Union. Me? I think both are great in different ways. Your article explains ity very well – good stuff
I think for the average joe Rugby Union is more fun to watch, its very active and competitive. The league seems so slow paced. A bit like test cricket vs the 20:20 series; both have their perks.
Written by : Kivumbi. and updated on 2010, December 25
See more about : rugby, sports
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text:
The Honourable Artillery Company (HAC) is a reserve regiment in the British Army. Incorporated by royal charter in 1537 by King Henry VIII, it is the oldest regiment in the British Army and is considered the second-oldest military unit in the world. Today, it is also a charity whose purpose is to attend to the "better defence of the realm", primarily through supporting the HAC regiment and a detachment of City of London Special Constabulary. The word "artillery" in "Honourable Artillery Company" does not have the current meaning that is generally associated with it, but dates from a time when in the English language that word meant any projectile, including for example arrows shot from a bow. The equivalent form of words in modern English would be either "Honourable Infantry Company" or "Honourable Military Company".

In the 17th century, its members played a significant part in the formation of both the Royal Marines and the Grenadier Guards. More recently, regiments, battalions and batteries of the Company fought with distinction in both World Wars and its current Regiment, which forms part of the Army Reserve, is the oldest surviving regiment in the British Army, and the second most senior in the Army Reserve after the Royal Monmouthshire Royal Engineers (Militia). Members of the Regiment and Specials are drawn, for the most part, from young men and women working in and around the City and Greater London. Those leaving the active units may become Veteran Members and remain within the fraternity of the Company.

History

Early history

The HAC can trace its history back as far as 1087, but it received a royal charter from Henry VIII on 25 August 1537, when Letters Patent were received by the Overseers of the Fraternity or Guild of St George authorising them to establish a perpetual corporation for the defence of the realm to be known as the Fraternity or Guild of Artillery of Longbows, Crossbows and Handgonnes. This body was known by a variety of names until 1658, when it was first referred to as the Artillery Company. It was first referred to as the Honourable Artillery Company in 1685 and officially received the name from Queen Victoria in 1860. However, the Archers' Company of the Honourable Artillery Company was retained into the late 19th century, though as a private club. Founded in 1781 by Sir Ashton Lever, it met at Archers' Hall, Inner Circle, Regent's Park, London. The Archers' Company remained a part of the regiment operated from 1784 to the late 1790s, along with Matross, Grenadier (established on 11 August 1686) and Light Infantry companies/divisions, with a Rifle or Yager Company introduced around 1803.

The regiment has the rare distinction of having fought on the side of both Parliament and the Royalists during the English Civil War 1642 to 1649.

From its formation, the company trained at a site it had occupied at the Old Artillery Ground in Spitalfields and at The Merchant Taylors' Company Hall. In 1622, the company built its first Armoury House at the site of the Old Artillery Gardens.

In 1638, Sir Maurice Abbot granted the company use of lands at its current site south of Bunhill Fields Burial Ground on City Road, which in 1649 consisted of twelve acres enclosed by a brick wall and pale. In 1657, it sold its old Armoury House in Spitalfield to Master Gunner Richard Woolaston for £300.

In 1656, the Grenadier Guards were formed from gentlemen of the Honourable Artillery Company who had taken the then heir to the throne, Prince Charles (later Charles II), to Europe for his safety during the English Civil War.

In 28 October 1664, in the New Artillery Gardens, the body of men that would become the Royal Marines was first formed with an initial strength of 1,200 infantrymen recruited from the London Trained Bands as part of the mobilisation for the Second Anglo-Dutch War. James (later King James VII & II), the Duke of York and Albany, Lord High Admiral and brother of King Charles II, was Captain-General of the Honourable Artillery Company, the unit that trained the Trained Bands.

The Company served in Broadgate during the Gordon Riots of 1780 and in gratitude for its role in restoring order to the City, the Corporation of London presented "two brass field-pieces", which led to the creation of an HAC Artillery Division. (These guns are on display in the entrance hall of Armoury House.)

In 1860, control of the Company moved from the Home Office to the War Office and in 1889, a Royal Warrant gave the Secretary of State for War control of the Company's military affairs. In 1883, Queen Victoria decreed that the HAC took precedence next after the Regular Forces and therefore before the Militia and Yeomanry in consideration of its antiquity.

South Africa 1900–02
Members of the Company first served as a formed unit overseas in the South African War (1899–1902). Almost two hundred members served; the majority in the City of London Imperial Volunteers (CIV) as infantry, mounted infantry and in a Field Battery that was officered, and for the most part manned, by members of the Company.

Territorial and Reserve Forces Act 1907
In 1907, the Company became part of the newly formed Territorial Force with the passing of the Territorial and Reserve Forces Act. The HAC Infantry was due to become part of the newly formed London Regiment as the "26th (County of London) Battalion" but instead managed to retain its own identity as the Honourable Artillery Company Infantry Battalion. The HAC also had its property and privileges protected by the Honourable Artillery Company Act 1908.

First World War

The HAC expanded to three infantry battalions and seven artillery batteries during the First World War. Second Lieutenants Reginald Leonard Haine and Alfred Oliver Pollard, of the 1st Battalion HAC, were awarded Victoria Crosses for their actions at Gavrelle in 1917. In total 1,650 men from the HAC were killed during the war.

In September 1914, the 1st Battalion followed the British Expeditionary Force to France and fought in the 1st Battle of Ypres. After the fighting at the Battle of the Ancre in 1916 and the Battle of Arras in 1917, it became an officer training battalion and provided demonstration platoons. Elements of the battalion were used to help quell the Étaples Mutiny. The 2nd Battalion HAC was raised in August 1914; it was in France by October 1916 and in action on 25 February 1917 at Bucquoy. They fought at the Battle of Arras in May and the 3rd Battle of Ypres in October. In November 1917, the battalion moved to the Italian Front under the command of Lieutenant-Colonel Richard O'Connor. In the Battle of Vittorio Veneto, in October 1918, they led a force of Italians, Americans and British that compelled the garrison of the strategic island of Papadopoli (in the main channel of the River Piave) to surrender. For this remarkable feat of arms, the HAC was awarded two Distinguished Service Orders, five Military Crosses, three Distinguished Conduct Medals and 29 Military Medals.

Both A Battery and B Battery went to Suez in April 1915. In July, B Battery fought in the recapture of Sheikh Othman (key to the water supply to Aden) from the Turks as part of the Aden campaign. In February 1917, both batteries took part in the Palestine Campaign, were in action at the First and Second Battle of Gaza and entered Jerusalem in December 1917. In the German counter-attack during the Second action of Es Salt on 1 May 1918, A Battery was forced to make a rapid withdrawal under heavy fire, which resulted in the loss of all its guns. Both A and B Batteries took part in the Battle of Megiddo in September.

The 2nd Line batteries – 2/A Battery and 2/B Battery – were formed in 1914 and served on the Western Front in 1917 and 1918 as part of an Army Field Artillery Brigade; the 3rd Line batteries – A (Reserve) Battery and B (Reserve) Battery – were formed in 1915 to provide trained replacements for the 1st and 2nd Line batteries.

A seventh battery, the 309th (HAC) Siege Battery RGA, went to France in April 1917 and saw action at the Battle of Messines and the Battle of Amiens.

In 1919, Lieutenant-Colonel Edward Lisle Strutt, arranged for a detachment of the 2nd Battalion to form a Guard of Honour at Imst Station to give a final Royal Salute on the departure of the Imperial State Train for Charles I, the last Austro-Hungarian Emperor-King, to safety in Switzerland, after having served as the family's protector at Eckartsau on the personal initiative of King George V.

Interwar
When the Territorial Force was reconstituted as the Territorial Army (TA) in 1920, the HAC infantry battalion was reformed, while A and B Batteries formed a composite RHA unit with the City of London Yeomanry (Rough Riders) (one battery) as 11th (HAC and City of London Yeomanry) Brigade, RHA. The TA began to expand rapidly at the time of the Munich Crisis in 1938, and the Yeomanry left to form a separate light anti-aircraft regiment leaving 11th Regiment RHA (HAC). Subsequently, the HAC formed the 12th (1939) and 13th Regiments RHA (HAC) (1940) and the 86th (HAC) Heavy Anti-Aircraft Regiment (1939).

Second World War

Infantry Battalion
In 1939, the Infantry Battalion became 162 (HAC) Officer Cadet Training Unit, this was the Officer Training Unit of the Reconnaissance Corps. In 1942, 101 RAC OCTU amalgamated with 162 Reconnaissance Corps OCTU to form 100 RAC OCTU based at the Royal Military College, Sandhurst.

11th (HAC) Regiment, RHA
The 11th (HAC) Regiment RHA served in North Africa at the Battle of Knightsbridge with 25-pounder guns and, after re-equipping with the M7 Priest self-propelled gun, in the Second Battle of El Alamein where it was commanded by Bill Leggatt. The regiment's guns were the first guns ashore in the invasion of Sicily; then they took part in the Allied invasion of Italy and the Italian Campaign.

12th (HAC) Regiment, RHA
The 12th (HAC) Regiment RHA took part in the Operation Torch landings and were in action at Thala in February 1943, where they halted a German advance following the Battle of the Kasserine Pass. After re-equipping with Priests, they too moved on to Italy in March 1944 and fought at Monte Cassino.

13th (HAC) Regiment, RHA
The 13th (HAC) Regiment RHA equipped with Sexton self-propelled guns fought in Normandy, the Netherlands and across the Rhine into Germany as part of 11th Armoured Division.

86th (HAC) HAA Regiment, RA
See main article: 86th (Honourable Artillery Company) Heavy Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery
The regiment formed part of 26th (London) Anti-Aircraft Brigade defending the London Inner Artillery Zone. Anti-Aircraft Command mobilised on 24 August 1939, and so 86th (HAC) HAA Rgt was already manning static gunsites at places like Primrose Hill and Finsbury Park when war was declared on 3 September. The regiment served in the defence of the capital throughout The Blitz. It became a mobile unit in 1942 and was one of the first units to land on D-Day, with Regimental Headquarters commanding a composite AA Assault Group on Juno Beach. During the Normandy Campaign and subsequent advance into Belgium the regiment's 3.7-inch HAA guns were sometimes used to engage ground targets. During the winter of 1944–45 its guns and radar defended Brussels and Antwerp against V-1 flying bombs (known as 'Divers').

Over seven hundred members of the Company lost their lives during the Second World War.

Post-war
In 1947, the Company was reorganised into:
an Infantry Battalion
1st Regiment HAC, RHA, of self-propelled Artillery (from 11th (HAC) RHA Regiment)
2nd Regiment HAC, (HAA) of heavy Anti-Aircraft Artillery (from 86th (HAC) HAA Regiment; disbanded 1955)
G Locating Battery (from 12th (HAC) RHA Regiment; disbanded 1961)

In 1973, the Regiment was again reorganised; it was given the role of providing 'Stay Behind' Observation Posts (OPs) for the British Army of the Rhine as one of the three Territorial Army units making up the Corps Patrol Unit (with 21 and 23 SAS).
The three sabre squadrons, each with a number of four to six man patrols provided surveillance and target acquisition capabilities to the HQs of 1st Artillery Brigade (HQ Sqn HAC), 1 Armoured Division (I Sqn HAC), 4 Armoured Division (II Sqn HAC), and 1 BR Corps (III Sqn HAC) with one 'sabre' squadron each.
The new structure was:
Three patrol squadrons (1, 2 and 3 or I, II and III) – a fourth patrol squadron was formed for a short period in the 1980s
Headquarter Squadron, including Training Wing and Medical Wing
The Gun Troop (a battery of six 25 pounder guns and not part of the OP role)
Band
Corps of Drums

In 1992, the signals troops that had been integrated into the patrol squadrons were brought together to form the Signal Squadron; they were subsequently re-integrated with the patrol squadrons in 2010.

In 1992, on Salisbury Plain, the HAC was the last British Army unit to fire the 25-pounder in the field, as the Gun Troop retrained onto the 105mm Light Gun. The 25 pounder continued to be fired ceremonially until it was replaced by the Light Gun.

In 1996, the first formed unit of the Regiment to be mobilised for active service since the Second World War was called up for Operation Resolute with the NATO IFOR in Bosnia.

The Regiment participated in the celebration of HM The Queen's Golden Jubilee on 4 June 2002 by firing a 62 gun salute at the Tower of London, and by providing a Guard of Honour (including the Regimental Band and the Massed Corps of Drums of the 1st Bn Grenadier Guards and the HAC) at St Paul's Cathedral. In December of that year, the Captain-General visited and dined with the company to commemorate her Golden Jubilee as Captain-General.

In 2005, the guns were withdrawn from Gun Troop, which was renamed Liaison Troop.

In 2006, the HAC was the first major unit of the Territorial Army to convert to the Bowman communications system. When Bowman was temporarily withdrawn from the Territorial Army in 2008/9, it was one of the few units to retain the equipment.

In 2016, Queen Elizabeth II became the longest-serving Captain-General of the HAC, with 64 years of service.

In 2017 A Battery (1st City of London) Honourable Artillery Company, was re-formed to provide gunners in support of 7th Parachute Regiment Royal Horse Artillery.

Current role and organisation

Current role

The main role of the regiment is surveillance and target acquisition, and the provision of parachute gunners in support of 16 Air Assault Brigade.

The HAC has a ceremonial role in providing guards of honour at the Guildhall in the City of London during state visits and, since 1924 (when the Royal Artillery ceased to be stationed at the Tower), has provided the saluting battery at the Tower of London for state occasions.

Training

The HAC is one of only a small number of Army Reserve units with responsibility for the carrying out portions of Phase One (recruits) and Two training of its own soldiers 'in house'. The Phase One course comprises six HAC-only weekends, followed by a two-week training period with other reserve soldiers at Army Training Centre Pirbright. Unlike most Army Reserve units, who are only required to train at up to sub-unit (company or squadron) level, the HAC is required to train as a regiment.

Those who wish to serve in 1 Squadron are required to undertake the Surveillance and Reconnaissance Patrols Course (SRPC), an arduous course with only a 10% pass rate. Service as a Special Observer qualifies for additional pay and specialist courses and is open to all arms and services.

Organisation
The HAC is not part of the Royal Regiment of Artillery, being an older and separate regiment with its own uniform, insignia and colours. The regiment forms part of 77 Brigade (having previously been part of 1st Intelligence Surveillance and Reconnaissance Brigade) with sub units supporting the Army Special Operations Brigade and 16 Air Assault Brigade Combat Team. The sub units of the HAC are:
Headquarters Squadron.
The Corps of Drums. The last remaining sub-unit from the infantry battalions and still wearing the grenade beret badge, Foot Guards belt, beret badge backing and tactical recognition flash. As with an infantry battalion corps of drums, the drummers are 'soldiers first' and regularly deploy soldiers on operations as well as fulfilling their ceremonial role. The Corps of Drums forms part of HQ Squadron and is a separate entity from the Band, who are primarily musicians. They provide personnel for A Battery whilst still maintaining their ceremonial drumming role.
The Medical Wing, commanded by the Surgeon Major, who is a Royal Army Medical Corps officer, provides medical support to the Regiment for peacetime training and on deployment. Combat medical technicians within the Medical Wing undergo additional specialist medical training with the Defence Medical Services.
 CIS Troop, a troop to provide communications information systems capability to the HAC and other units.
 Sicily Troop. The enablers of the Regiment, providing logistics and motorised capability to the HAC and other units.
 A (1st City of London) Battery, Honourable Artillery Company, a battery of 105mm light guns. The battery is paired with 7th Parachute Regiment Royal Horse Artillery.
 1 Squadron, comprising two troops of surveillance and reconnaissance patrols. 1 Squadron provides long-range surveillance, reconnaissance and a joint-fires capability as formed surveillance and target acquisition patrols to support the Army Special Operations Brigade, following the Integrated Review, 2021.
 2 Squadron, composed of a squadron headquarters, and three troops (Knightsbridge, El Hamma and El Alamein) of light ISR Detachments.
 III Squadron, composed of a squadron headquarters, and three troops (Aden, Gaza and Rhine) of light ISR Detachments.

Future Soldier programme: under this programme the HAC was moved to 77th Brigade.  A Battery will provide two guns to each battery of 7 (Para) RHA and 1 Squadron will provide Special Patrols to the Army Special Operations Brigade.

Operations
The Regiment has had individuals or sub-units on active service at all times since 1996; with the personnel serving in a wide variety of roles in Northern Ireland, Bosnia, Kosovo, Iraq, Afghanistan and various countries in Africa. Commitments included the deployment of individuals to human intelligence roles in the Balkans (including as part of Joint Commission Observer teams) and then formed patrols to Bosnia, Kosovo and Iraq; independent sub-units to Operation Telic 4 and 5 in Iraq and L Troop to Operation Telic 9; as well as individual and group reinforcements to other infantry and artillery units. In Afghanistan deployed personnel were divided between operating and maintaining counter indirect fire systems and other high technology equipment and forming part of the Brigade Reconnaissance Force (BRF).

On Tuesday 4 December 2007, Trooper Jack Sadler, who was serving with the BRF, was killed when his vehicle was hit by a blast north of Sangin, in Helmand province. Two other soldiers were injured in the attack. In 2008, the Runner-up for the Cobra Trophy for Volunteer Reservist of the year was Trooper Adam Cocks of 2 Squadron, who was severely injured in Afghanistan when his vehicle struck a mine. While recuperating at Headley Court rehabilitation centre, he and a friend came up with the idea of a rugby match at Twickenham to help raise money for the charity Help for Heroes.

Regimental museum
The Honourable Artillery Company Museum is located at Armoury House.

Dress
In 1830, King William IV ordered that the uniform of the HAC should be based on that of the Grenadier Guards, except that where the Grenadiers wear gold, the HAC were to wear silver. This tradition is continued today by the wearing of the silver coloured grenade in the forage cap similar to the brass one of the Grenadiers, and the buttons and lace on HAC dress uniforms being silver coloured instead of gold.

Berets
The HAC wear a khaki beret with the HAC's beret badge ("short arms") in white metal on a black backing. Officers and warrant officers wear an embroidered cloth version of the same badge. The Corps of Drums and Regimental Band wear the HAC infantry grenade on a blue red blue backing, which is superficially identical to that of the Grenadier Guards. From July 2008, members of 4/73 (Sphinx) Special OP Battery, part of 5th Regiment Royal Artillery, the HACs paired regular regiment, adopted the khaki beret to mark their close working relationship.

Other headdress

On the forage cap, the HAC infantry grenade (white metal) is worn by junior ranks of all subunits of the regiment. Sergeants and Warrant Officers wear a different version of the grenade, which has the letters HAC in brass on the ball of the grenade. Officers wear an embroidered silver grenade on their forage caps in No 1 Dress (Infantry) and on the Service Dress forage cap but when in No 1 Dress (Gunner) they wear the HAC Artillery cap badge. The latter is similar to that of the Royal Artillery but with "HAC" and "Arma Pacis Fulcra" replacing "Ubique" and "Quo Fas et Gloria Ducunt". In Full Dress (normally only worn by the Band and Corps of Drums), the Bearskin is worn without a plume.

Badges of rank

In No 2 dress, Soldiers wear the larger Foot Guards badges of rank and qualification. Lance Corporals wear two chevrons and Lance Sergeants three. In Full Dress and Number 1 dress, WO2's wear a large colour badge of the same pattern as the Grenadier Guards, but in silver rather than gold. Officers' crowns and stars are of the same pattern as those of the Grenadiers (Order of the Garter), woven for combat uniforms but in silver for Service and Barrack Dress.

Stable belts

Each Squadron wears a different stable belt:

A (City of London) Battery – Light blue with narrow yellow stripe through the middle. ( Identical to the Royal Horse Artillery)
Headquarter Squadron and Band – red and blue edged with narrow yellow stripes
I Squadron – red
II Squadron – green (Identical to that worn by The Rifles)
III Squadron – blue
Training Wing – black
Corps of Drums – blue red blue (Identical to that worn by the Foot Guards)

Other distinctions

In 1906, King Edward VII gave the HAC the distinction of a special ribbon for the Volunteer Officers' Decoration and Volunteer Long Service Medal. The ribbon, based on The King's personal colours (in turn taken from the Royal Standard), is red and blue edged with narrow yellow stripes. This ribbon has been carried forward to subsequent Territorial long service medals awarded to HAC members.

B Battery HAC supported the 10th Hussars during the Second World War and, in 1972, the Captain General approved the Battery wearing a 10th Hussar button as the top button on Numbers 1, 2 and 10 dress. This privilege is carried on by Number II Squadron following the 1973 re-organisation.

Each year the Captain General awards a prize to the member of the Regiment who is deemed to have made an outstanding contribution to the Regiment. Holders of this prize, known as the King's or Queen's Prize wear a badge incorporating the Captain General's cypher and the year of award on Numbers 1, 2, 10 and 13 Dress.

Coat of arms

The coat of arms of the company is a Shield of Arms, helm, mantling and crest with as supporters a Pikeman and a Musketeer and the motto 'Arma Pacis Fulcra', Unlike other regiments of the British Army, the HAC is incorporated and is therefore eligible to bear and use a Coat of arms. It is believed to date from circa 1615 and the coat of arms appears on a military manual published in 1629.

Battle honours
The regiment's battle honours are as follows:

 South Africa 1900–02.
 The Great War (3 Bns and 7 Btys): Ypres 1915 '17, Somme 1916 '18, Ancre Heights, Ancre 1916, Arras 1917 '18, Scarpe 1917 '18, Arleux, Bullecourt, Pilckem, Polygon Wood, Broodseinde, Poelcappelle, Passchendaele, Amiens, Albert 1918, Bapaume 1918, Drocourt-Quéant, Hindenburg Line, Épèhy, St. Quentin Canal, Cambrai 1918, Selle, Sambre, France and Flanders 1914–18, Piave, Vittorio Veneto, Italy 1917–18, Rafah, Egypt 1915–17, Gaza, El Mughar, Jerusalem, Jordan, Megiddo, Sharon, Damascus, Palestine 1917–18, Aden.
The Second World War: Bourguébus Ridge, Antwerp, Le Havre, Rhine, North-West Europe 1944–45, Knightsbridge, El Alamein, El Hamma, Sbiba, Thala, Tunis, North Africa 1941–43, Sicily 1943, Cassino II, Coriano, Senio, Italy 1944–45.

The battle honours listed were awarded for services of both infantry and artillery units of the HAC. Those in bold are borne on the Colours.

Colours
The HAC is unique within the British Army in having two types of Colours. The HAC has its ceremonial Guns (which are considered Colours in Artillery regiments), but also carries a stand of traditional Colours of the Infantry. These Colours follow the pattern of line infantry regiments: the Queen's Colour being a version of the Union Flag, the Regimental Colour being blue with the HAC Coat of Arms in the centre. The last four occasions that new Colours have been presented to the Regiment were in 1928 by Edward, Prince of Wales (later Edward VIII), and in 1955, 1980 and on 18 May 2007 by HM Queen Elizabeth II, the regiment's Captain General.

City of London Police Special Constabulary
In 1919, following a decision to increase the strength of the Metropolitan Police Reserve Force, the Home Secretary approached the HAC to form a Division of Special Constabulary. Some 150 members, mostly Great War veterans, rallied to the call and joined the Division, forming the HAC Detachment. At the outbreak of the Second World War, the Detachment was integrated into G Division of the Metropolitan Police and then later with Islington Division. Following reorganisation, the Detachment is now part of the City of London Police Special Constabulary, its administrative base is Armoury House.

In 2010, the Ferrers Trophy was awarded to Special Constable Patrick Rarden of the detachment for using his banking skills and experience to help train colleagues and provide invaluable assistance to solve fraud cases.

"The Company"

As well as the Army Reserve Regiment and Specials (the "Active Units"), the HAC exists as a separate charitable organisation—often colloquially referred to as "The Company" or "The House". The Company owns Armoury House and the Regiment's current grounds and, in addition to supporting the Active Unit, provides the basis for a social calendar. There are two distinct classes of member of the Company. The first, Regimental Members, are those who are currently serving or who have previously served in the HAC Regiment or City of London Special Constabulary. The second, Members, must have served at least two years in Regular or three years in Volunteer units of the Crown or in the Police. Some members are people who have reached senior rank (for example Major General The Duke of Westminster) and they provide some 17% of the overall membership of the Company.

Since 1633, the Company has been governed by a Court of Assistants, like many of the City Livery Companies. The first Court for which a record can be found was held in January 1657.

Pikemen and Musketeers

The Pikemen and Musketeers (formed 1925, given a Royal Warrant 1955) are made up of veteran members of the Active Units. They are the personal bodyguard of the Lord Mayor of the City of London and form his Guard on ceremonial occasions.

Light Cavalry

The Light Cavalry Troop (formed 1979, granted Royal Warrant 2004) is open to both Regimental and Non-Regimental members of the Company. They escort the Lady Mayoress, and in particular provide her 'Travelling Escort' at the Lord Mayor's Show.

Grounds

Site
From 1538 to 1658, the HAC occupied and trained at the Old Artillery Ground in Spitalfields on the site of the outer precinct of the dissolved Priory and Hospital of St Mary Spital. In 1658, following disputes over use of the Ground with the Gunners of the Tower, it moved to its current site south of the Bunhill Fields Burial Ground continuing to the south as far as Chiswell Street. This area is described in a map of the area of 1677 as the 'New Artillery Garden' and has variously been referred to as the Artillery Ground and the Artillery Garden. This current site now falls in the London Borough of Islington, and is just north of the City of London, the main entrance being in City Road. During the aftermath of the 7 July 2005 London bombings on the London transport system, the Artillery Garden was used as a temporary mortuary.

Armoury House

Armoury House stands at the north of these grounds, and is the home of the HAC. It was built to replace a smaller 17th-century armoury; the central portion being completed in 1735 to designs by Thomas Stibbs financed in part by a gift of £500 from King George I. Subscriptions were received from members of the Company and from the Court of Lieutenancy for the City of London. The building cost £1,332.

In 1802, a distinctive flag tower was added to the roof. The East and West Wings were built in 1828, replacing much smaller buildings on either side of Armoury House. A cottage, originally for the Sergeant Major, was built against the West Wing in 1850. 1862 saw the completion of a Victorian drill hall attached to the rear. The Albert Room, as it was called, featured an iron trussed roof and was named in honour of the then recently deceased Prince Albert.

On 9 June 1990, the hall was bombed by the Provisional IRA whilst a 21st birthday party was in progress, injuring 17 civilians.

In recent years parts of the building have been available on a private hire basis for events.

Finsbury Barracks

Finsbury Barracks is the Regiment's Headquarters and is leased by London RFCA from the HAC itself. Completed for the Royal London Militia in 1857, it was designed by the architect Joseph Jennings and built in Kentish Ragstone. An extension, faced in striped stone and granite, linking Finsbury Barracks to Armoury House was designed by Arnold & Boston and added in 1994. Finsbury Barracks was refurbished in the same year and was re-opened by the Captain General in 1996.

The HAC Shooting Lodge / "Bisley Hut"

The lodge was built in 1928 on land leased from the National Rifle Association at Bisley and replaced the original hut on the site. The building was funded by donations, including some in memory of the fallen of the First World War.  HAC vacated the lodge in 2012 following the expiry of their lease and now affiliates to the London & Middlesex Rifle Association.

Pencelli Estate
In 1999, the Company acquired the Welsh Pencelli Estate near Brecon as an area that could be used by the Regiment for military and adventure training. The historic estate lies in the heart of the Brecon Beacons National Park and comprises approximately 14,000 acres (57 km²) of hill land.

Notable members of the HAC

Colonels Commandant
Colonel the Earl of Denbigh (1903–1933)
Colonel the Viscount Galway (1933–1935)
Colonel the Earl Fortescue (1935–1943)
Field Marshal Viscount Gort (1943–1946)
Field Marshal Alan Brooke, 1st Viscount Alanbrooke (1946–1954)
Major General Sir Julian Gascoigne (1954–1959)
 General Sir Richard Goodbody (1959–1966)
 General Sir Rodney Moore (1966–1976)
 General Sir Victor FitzGeorge-Balfour (1976–1984)
 General Sir Richard Trant (1984–1992)
 General Sir Michael Wilkes (1992–1998)
 General Sir Alexander Harley (1998–2003)
 General Sir Timothy Granville-Chapman (2003–2010)
 Lieutenant General Sir Barney White-Spunner (2010–2013)
General Sir Richard Barrons (2013–2019)
General Sir Patrick Sanders (2019–)
Others
 Major Tom Addington, an outstanding all-rounder: sportsman, Commando, paratrooper and horse gunner, he was awarded an MC in the Netherlands.
Jock Airlie (Seton), Association Football Player
Kevin Alderton, holder of the blind speed ski world record
Edward John Amoore, Olympic Gold and Bronze medalist for shooting at 1908 Olympics
Major General Dennis Beckett CB DSO OBE awarded a DSO at the Battle of Monte Cassino
Prince Rupert of the Rhine
George Monck, 1st Duke of Albemarle
Gregory Barker, MP
 Nigel Bruce, actor. Served with the Regiment 1914-1915.
 Bertram Bowyer, 2nd Baron Denham, KBE, PC (3 October 1927 – 1 December 2021), a British Conservative politician, hereditary peer, writer and former member of the House of Lords. He was one of the few people to serve in the governments of five different Prime Ministers.
 Major Robert Cain VC TD (2 January 1909 – 2 May 1974)
 Sir James Carreras, British film producer, who, together with William Hinds, founded the legendary British film company Hammer Film Productions.
 Leo Cooper, publisher
 John Laurie, actor
 Edward Leigh MP
 Charles Greenwood, HAC before joining regular artillery, earned MC at Monte Cassino
Sir Edward Heath, former Prime Minister
 Colonel Robert Dow Hunter – Army officer who knocked out two Tiger tanks in Germany
LGen Andrew Leslie OMM, MSC, MSM, CD, former Chief of Land Staff, Canadian Forces
 Major David Liddell MC
 Guy Liddell CB MBE MC, Deputy-Director-General MI5, One of Britain's principal wartime spymasters.
 Gilbert McMicking CMG Scottish Liberal Party politician.
Vincenzo Lunardi, honorary member
General Sir Richard O'Connor, KT, GCB, DSO, MC, ADC
Richard Owen, English biologist, comparative anatomist and palaeontologist.
Kenneth Powell, Olympic hurdler
 Hugh Pritchard (Olympic biathlete 2002 games)
Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester
 Sir Marmaduke Roydon (1583 – 28 April 1646) an English merchant-adventurer and colonial planter, known also as a Royalist army officer.
 Patrick Shovelton, one of Whitehall's most formidable international negotiators
 John Talbot, awarded the MC in Normandy in 1944.
John Venn an English politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1641 to 1650. He was one of the regicides of King Charles I.
Sir Albert Lambert Ward, 1st Baronet  Conservative Party politician.
Basil Williams, historian
 Evelyn Maitland "Lyn" Wellings (6 April 1909 – 10 September 1992) Egyptian-born English cricketer and journalist, who played for Oxford University and Surrey.

Affiliations
 – Sandfontein Artillery Regiment
 – Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company of Massachusetts

Schools affiliation
In 1995, six public schools (Eton, Harrow, Marlborough, Radley, Rugby and Wellington) became affiliated to the Company. The rationale behind these affiliations is to facilitate communication with the schools and to inform students of the opportunities available to them within the HAC.

Cadet force
The HAC established a Cadet Battalion in 1942 during the Second World War which continued until 1958. During the War and until 1948 members of the Cadet Battalion fired salutes and provided guards of honour whilst members of the HAC were away on active service. In 2012, the HAC sponsored and helped establish a cadet unit at the City of London Academy Islington and, in 2018, another at Mossbourne Community Academy.

See also

 Honourable Artillery Company Museum
 Transvaal Horse Artillery
 Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company of Massachusetts

Order of precedence

References
Notes

Citations

Sources

Sources

Further reading

External links

 Honourable Artillery Company on the British Army website.
 The "Company" website
 The Light Cavalry HAC website
 The HAC Pikemen & Musketeers
 Newsreel showing the Earl of Athlone inspecting the HAC Horse Artillery in 1932.
 Newsreel of the Queen presenting new HAC Colours in 1955. The final part of the clip demonstrates the unique regimental custom of toasting or cheering a member of the Company with "Regimental Fire".
 Newsreel of HAC infantry on exercise and of the Pikemen in 1958

1537 establishments in England
Military units and formations established in 1537
Regiments of the British Army
British ceremonial units
Bodyguards
Army Reserve (United Kingdom)
TAVR regiments of the Royal Artillery
Regiments of the British Army in World War I
Infantry regiments of the British Army
Organisations based in London with royal patronage
Military units and formations in London
Artillery units and formations of the British Army
History of the Royal Marines
Military units and formations of the United Kingdom in the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)
Army reconnaissance units and formations
Regiments of the British Army in World War II
Henry VIII

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