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Tag Archives: elizabeth warren
The Charter School Primary
Originally published in The American Prospect on July 15, 2019.
When Bernie Sanders, the Vermont senator running for president, released his wide-ranging education plan in mid-May, most of the media coverage focused on his proposals around charter schools. Commenters specifically focused on his calls to ban for-profit charters, which represent about 15 percent of the sector, and to halt federal funding for new charter schools until a national audit could assess the impact of charter growth in each state.
Many education policy experts suspect that such an audit would eventually lead to banning all new charters, but the Sanders campaign says they are just taking their cues from the NAACP. In 2016, the civil rights group called for a moratorium on new charters until existing ones were brought under the same transparency and accountability standards as traditional public schools.
Derrick Johnson, the president of the NAACP, told The New York Times that his organization loves that Sanders's plan adopts their language around charters. "If we have a problem with the delivery of our education system, you don't create ancillary systems for some of the children and not address the comprehensive problem," he said.
To fight back, many charter supporters have sought to cast Sanders as uniquely extreme on the issue, especially in his efforts to link charter schools with segregation. But it's hard to target Sanders as extreme when the entire 2020 field has joined and even surpassed Sanders on the issue. The charter school movement's complete loss of clout in the Democratic Party is one of the more surprising stories of the election cycle.
At the start of July, the National Alliance for Public Charter Schools released an open letter, imploring Sanders to withdraw his call for a moratorium and "back away from calls for additional regulations that are not in the best interests of schools or students." The 244 signatories defended the results from charters, citing a 2015 report from the Center for Research on Academic Outcomes, and stressed that charters are in high-demand among families of color. "District-operated public schools have systemically failed students of color for generations," they wrote.
While the letter didn't specifically cite Sanders's call to ban for-profit charters, the signatories included Fernando Zuleta, the president of the for-profit charter management company Academica, and seven board members of National Heritage Academies, another for-profit charter company that operates over 80 schools across nine states.
Sanders isn't the first mainstream Democrat to criticize charter schools—while campaigning in 2016, Hillary Clinton came out against for-profit charters, as did the Democratic Party platform for the first time. Even many charter leaders, including the president of the Democrats for Education Reform, have condemned for-profit charter schools in recent years.
The pressure to ramp up the rhetoric against charters stems not only from a fierce competition to court teacher unions—an influential Democratic constituency long hostile to charters—but also due to dwindling support among white Democratic voters. According to polling from Education Next, 50 percent of white Democrats now oppose charters, and support among white Democrats fell from 43 to 27 percent between 2016 and 2018. By contrast, charter support among black and Hispanic Democrats remained steady over those two years, and more of both groups support charters than oppose them.
Similar results were found in a recent poll commissioned by Democrats for Education Reform. The group found that 58 percent of black Democrats are favorable towards charters, while 31 percent are opposed. Among Hispanic voters, 52 percent supported charters, while 30 percent opposed. But among white Democrats, 26 percent were favorable, and a whopping 62 percent were opposed.
The candidates' critical positions seem to be responding in part to this new political landscape. And as Education Secretary Betsy DeVos remains a staunch champion for both school vouchers and charters, Democrats see distancing themselves from education reform as an easy way to contrast themselves with the deeply unpopular Trump administration.
Earlier this month, at a presidential forum hosted by the National Education Association (NEA), New York City Mayor Bill de Blasio came out swinging against charters, which educate 10 percent of public school students in his city. While de Blasio has long been known as a charter school skeptic, and has battled with Eva Moskowitz, the leader of New York City's largest charter network in the past, he also has sought to assure voters that he does not outright oppose charter schools, and can negotiate compromises with them.
At the forum he made clear he was no longer seeking such nuance or compromise. "I am angry about the privatizers," he told the crowd. "I hate the privatizers and I want to stop them." When asked a question about standardized testing, he responded, "Get away from high-stakes testing, get away from charter schools. No federal funding for charter schools." His last point goes beyond what what Sanders has called for.
Meanwhile, Jay Inslee, the governor of Washington state, released his education plan this month, which also called for an end of federal funding to new charter schools. He made no mention of a study or even a moratorium. Inslee also called for improvements in charter accountability and transparency, and bolstering diversity at existing charter schools.
Inslee has been critical of charters in his home state, where just a dozen currently operate. In 2012, when he first ran for governor, he opposed a ballot initiative to allow the creation of charters and in 2015 he emphasized that his position remained unchanged. "I opposed the initiative that created charter schools because I did not believe that public money belongs in schools that lack public oversight and accountability," he said.
Hours after Sanders's education plan was released, Elizabeth Warren told reporters that she agreed for-profit charters are "a real problem." She has not yet released her own K-12 plan. While the Massachusetts senator has supported charter schools in the past, in 2016 she came out against a high-profile ballot initiative that would have allowed charters to expand much more quickly in her state. The measure ended up failing, with 62 percent of voters siding against it.
South Bend Mayor Pete Buttigieg also came out to say he supports Sanders's proposal to ban for-profit charter schools, though he affirmed a month earlier that charters "have a place" in the education landscape "as "a laboratory for techniques that can be replicated."
Beto O'Rourke, who opposes a national moratorium on new charters, told the NEA presidential forum that "There is a place for public nonprofit charter schools, but private charter schools and voucher programs—not a single dime in my administration will go to them." O'Rourke has supported charters in the past, and his wife is a former charter school leader who now sits on the board of a local education reform group that supports expanding charters in El Paso.
Kamala Harris has not yet released any plan on charter schools, though in January a spokesperson for her campaign told me that the senator is "particularly concerned with expansions of for-profit charter schools and believes all charter schools need transparency and accountability." California lawmakers passed a ban on for-profit charters last fall, and passed new transparency measures this year. As attorney general, Harris launched a probe into K12 Inc., a for-profit charter school company, alleging it used false advertising, saddled its California schools with debt, and inflated its student attendance numbers to collect additional state funds. K12 ended up settling with the state for $168.5 million.
Even Joe Biden has made unusually critical comments about charter schools, notable as the Obama administration was very supportive of them and the former vice president generally seeks to align himself closely with Obama on the campaign trail. "I do not support any federal money for for-profit charter schools, period," Biden said at a Houston town hall hosted by the American Federation of Teachers. He also added that "there are some charter schools that work." His education plan does not actually mention charters.
Cory Booker, the Democratic candidate most closely associated with supporting charter schools, has also tamped down some of his charter rhetoric. While he continues to defend the educational reforms he led in Newark, including an expansion of charter schools, on the campaign trail he's also sought to distance his hometown from charter experiments elsewhere.
Sen. Cory Booker speaks in Newton, IA: "I'm a guy who believes in public education and, in fact, I look at some of the charter laws that are written about this country and states like this and I find them really offensive." pic.twitter.com/gKFmEFKvGq
— The Hill (@thehill) May 26, 2019
"I've seen charter school models that are outrageous and unacceptable. I've seen charter laws propagated by Republicans that just outright dangerous. And so I understand those people, I'm one of them, that wants to stop those kind of movements," he told the Washington Examiner in response to a question about Sanders's education plan. "But I've also seen in places like Newark, New Jersey, and other places where local leaders are making decisions that elevate the best educational possibilities of their children, and local leadership should be allowed to do that."
The turn against charter schools within the Democratic primary does not offer the industry an easy way to separate Sanders or Warren from the rest of the 2020 field. It's part of a larger sea change on education within the party, though one that's unevenly reflected so far across racial groups.
Tagged 2020, Bernie Sanders, beto, charter schools, cory booker, Democrats, education reform, elizabeth warren, pete buttigieg, primary
The New Politics of the Retirement Crisis
Originally published in the April 2019 issue of The New Republic magazine.
In 2014, 64-year-old Jim Whitlock was earning a good salary as an inspector at Boeing, where he planned to work for another six years. His wife, Cheri, who was 54, was investigating public records for a title insurance company. Then Jim's diabetes, sleep apnea, and chronic fatigue dramatically worsened. In May of that year, he was forced to retire early, and Cheri found herself serving as his primary caretaker in addition to working full-time. "The financial hit of it all was quite frankly pretty hard," Cheri told me. Some months, she had to choose between making her next car payment, purchasing groceries, or paying the electric bill.
Two years later, when Jim was diagnosed with early onset dementia, small luxuries the Whitlocks had long taken for granted—like going to a movie or buying yarn for knitting—began to feel out of reach. Caring for her husband taxed Cheri, too. Her doctor worried about her skyrocketing blood pressure and how little sleep she got every night.
Cheri assumed she would never be able to retire. "All of Jim's retirement funds were going to his care, we were looking at the potential of losing our house, and I was looking at a very destitute future for myself," she recalled.
As dire as their financial situation was, Cheri and her husband were still better off than many Americans. Jim had an employee pension from Boeing, and when he passed away last July, after a rapid decline, he had a life insurance policy that doled out just enough money to keep Cheri out of poverty—and will, one day, allow her to retire. Very few Americans can say as much. Today, almost half—45 percent—have $0 saved for retirement. Roughly the same number don't simply worry about being financially insecure when they retire; they actually expect it. Indeed, just within the last few decades, retirement and senior care have become some of the most intimidating and untenable costs people face in their lifetimes, a burden more crushing than paying for college or buying a house.
Our modern system for dealing with the elderly emerged during the New Deal, when very different social and economic conditions reigned. The average life expectancy was 61 years old, most women didn't work outside the home, and many workers had pension plans that provided them with a steady source of income in their old age. Private pensions were themselves a relatively new invention. In 1875, American Express offered the first such plan to employees who had been "injured or worn out" working its rail, barge, and horseback delivery lines. At the turn of the century, railroad barons implemented them, eager to remove aging workers from their ranks without political blowback. Many of those pension funds went bust during the Great Depression. Observing the decimation of millions of dollars in life savings, the federal government recognized that it needed to step in, and created the Social Security Act of 1935.
Over the next 30 years, life expectancy rose, the economy boomed, and in 1965, with flush federal coffers, the government passed Medicare to aid the growing elderly population. Both Social Security and Medicare, however, were designed to be supplemented by other sources. Benefits were nothing if not modest—enough to keep people out of poverty but hardly enough to live on. Lawmakers had assumed that people would be able to draw on individual savings to augment their government subsidies. And for much of the twentieth century, they were right. Between World War II and the 1990s, most of the middle class earned enough from their jobs to enjoy a fairly comfortable retirement. But during that same period, an ideological shift was underway, as employers began scaling back the benefits workers relied upon to provide for themselves in their old age.
In 1982, when Social Security almost went bankrupt, some of the new think tanks that were establishing themselves in Washington at the time—like the Heritage Foundation and Cato Institute—pressed President Ronald Reagan to privatize the program. But when they realized doing so would be politically perilous, given Social Security's strong support among seniors, strategists decided to promote a different approach. Politicians would assure seniors their Social Security benefits would remain the same, tell young people they could expect no benefits to be left when they retired, and convince current workers that private investment was a safer, more lucrative option.
The retirement vehicles known as 401(k)s first appeared in 1978, and within five years, nearly half of all large firms were offering them. Advocates made rosy projections, promising things like 7 percent annual compounded returns. "There was a complete overreaction of excitement," Bank of America's head of retirement services recalled in a 2017 Wall Street Journal article. But when recessions hit in the 2000s, millions lost their savings. Today, these early enthusiasts admit their analyses failed to account for a trifecta of factors: the large swings in the stock market, the ordinary investing mistakes people routinely make, and the huge fees charged by money managers. (For the typical worker, fees can easily eat up 20 percent of a retirement fund over time.)
A century after railroad companies introduced some of the nation's first pension programs, employers have all but relinquished their sense of obligation to care for their workers in their old age. Today, pensions are nearly gone, and most small businesses don't even offer 401(k)s. In 2013, just 28 percent of large companies in the United States provided retiree health coverage, down from 66 percent in 1988.
It's no surprise, then, that 46 percent of Americans expect to be financially insecure when they retire, anticipating their government and employers will do next to nothing to help them. But these grim fears also open up a political opportunity. In the last election cycle, Democrats campaigned heavily on health care (by mid-October, 55 percent of their television ads centered on the issue). It's this focus, many suspect, that helped them improve their margins among elderly voters, with seniors casting their ballots almost evenly between the two parties—a marked shift from years past.
There are signs that retirement will play a significant role in the 2020 race. In February, Bernie Sanders reintroducedthe Social Security Expansion Act, with sponsorships from three other leading Democratic presidential contenders: Cory Booker, Kirsten Gillibrand, and Kamala Harris. They belong to a congressional caucus dedicated to increasing Social Security benefits. Formed last fall, it already has more than 150 Democratic members, and Sanders and Elizabeth Warren, another presidential candidate, are its co-chairs in the Senate.
The party has come a long way from its stance a decade earlier, when few liberal politicians would endorse the expansion of Social Security. In the early 2000s, the boldest promise most Democrats would make was to "preserve" benefits or "fight cuts." Their rhetoric only began to change after 2010, when advocacy groups like Social Security Works were launched to help transform the conversation.
Congress has signaled a willingness to consider policy proposals beyond Social Security, too. Representative Pramila Jayapal's new Medicare-for-All bill includescoverage of long-term care, and just last year, with Republicans controlling both chambers, Congress expanded Medicare coverage to seniors with multiple chronic illnesses. The success of that bill suggests real bipartisan support exists for strengthening the national insurance program.
Encouragingly, the states have also begun to propose solutions. In 2017, Hawaii launched a program to reduce the cost of senior care, dispensing $70 a day for up to 365 days to family caregivers. In 2018, Maine voters considered a ballot measure that would have established the nation's first universal home care program. The proposal suggested taxing Maine's highest earners to pay for caregiving for any adult aged 65 and older who wanted it. It didn't pass (powerful groups like the Maine Hospital Association and the Maine State Chamber of Commerce torpedoed the effort), but similar ideas will likely surface elsewhere. This year, legislators in Washington state are voting on a bill to provide residents with up to $36,500 for costs like nursing home fees, in-home care, and wheelchair ramps—assistance of a kind that Cheri Whitlock and her family would no doubt have eagerly welcomed.
Politicians who address retirement understand they can reach not only the elderly, but those who care for them. More than 40 million people provide unpaid caregiving, spending on average 20 percent of their incomes each year on expenses like mortgage payments and medical bills. The home health and personal care sector, meanwhile, employs some three million people nationwide and is one of the fastest growing in the economy. Most aides are women, who earn very little and work unpredictable hours. For them, and for families who rely on their services, a plan for universal long-term care would surely represent a welcome change. Few issues in American politics cut across so many constituencies, and affect the lives of so many.
Tagged aging, Bernie Sanders, elizabeth warren, longterm care, medicare for all, retirement, scial security, seniors
Elizabeth Warren Introduces Plan to Expand Affordable Housing and Dismantle Racist Zoning Practices
Originally published in The Intercept on September 28, 2018.
This week, Sen. Elizabeth Warren, D-Mass., introduced the American Housing and Economic Mobility Act, one of the most far-reaching federal housing bills in decades. The legislation calls for a half-trillion dollar investment in affordable housing over the next 10 years, creating up to 3.2 million new units for low- and middle-income families.
The bill also expands the protections of decades-old legislation to reduce discriminatory banking, ban housing discrimination, and desegregate neighborhoods. For example, Warren's bill would make it illegal for landlords to discriminate against renters with federal housing vouchers, and would also impose new regulations on credit unions and nonbank mortgage lenders like Quicken Loans. The bill also incentivizes states and localities to loosen their racist and discriminatory zoning restrictions; eases the path for low-income families to move into more affluent communities; and provides federal assistance to first-time homebuyers from formerly segregated areas and those who saw their wealth decimated in the 2008 financial crisis.
Warren's bill comes on the heels of two other federal housing bills introduced this summer by Democratic Sens. Cory Booker and Kamala Harris, of New Jersey and California, respectively. Harris's bill, which came first, aims to provide financial relief to renters by creating a new refundable tax credit. Booker's bill would also establish a refundable tax credit for renters and incentivize communities to curb their exclusionary zoning rules to increase housing supply. Booker, Harris, and Warren are all names frequently thrown around as 2020 presidential hopefuls, though none has actually announced their intent to run.
"Much of the housing discussion has been about affordability, production, and tenant protections, which are all really important issues," said Philip Tegeler, the executive director of the Poverty and Race Research Action Council. "What's so powerful about Warren's bill is that it aims to tackle all those things, and it also looks at how are we going to structure our society going forward. Fair housing is really embedded in the legislation, and that's why I find it so creative."
To incentivize states and communities to ease their zoning restrictions and boost affordable housing supply, a Warren aide told The Intercept, the senator's staff looked at the Race to the Top program, the Obama administration's signature education initiative. In Race to the Top, the federal government doled out $4 billion in competitive grants to states that adopted the administration's preferred education reform policies, like lifting caps on charter schools and overhauling teacher evaluations. The program was massively effective: Forty-six states and Washington, D.C., revamped their policies to compete for the federal funds.
Warren's bill takes that same competitive grant model, and allows states, metropolitan regions, and cities to compete for $10 billion in federal funds. (Race to the Top had two rounds of competitive funding; Warren's bill proposes five.) To compete, jurisdictions must first reform their zoning restrictions and reduce other barriers to affordable housing production. Grant winners can then use the federal dollars to fund all sorts of projects, such as building parks and schools and improving local transit.
Often when new, dense housing developments are proposed, residents raise concerns about the overcrowding of schools or increased traffic congestion. Warren's bill would arm political leaders with added resources to help make those housing tradeoffs a bit easier. Yes, increasing housing supply could lead to an increase in the public school student population, but reforming land use policies could also help cities access additional federal dollars to absorb those new residents more smoothly.
To fund the bill, Warren proposes a return to Bush-era estate tax levels, and increasing those taxes on the country's 10,000 wealthiest families. The Massachusetts senator cited an independent study conducted by the chief economist at Moody's Analytics, an economics research firm, which determined that Warren's bill was "fiscally responsible" and would "go a long way toward addressing" the affordable housing crisis. Moody's projects the bill would lower rents by 10 percent and make it easier for low- and middle-income workers to live closer to their jobs, thereby reducing "long and costly commutes."
POLITICIANS, INCLUDING PROMINENT progressives like Warren, have historically steered away from efforts to curtail exclusionary zoning, said Rick Kahlenberg, a senior fellow at the Century Foundation, a liberal think tank. The difference now, he told The Intercept, is that "rents have become too damn high," so elected officials, including presidential hopefuls, are more open to ideas that previously seemed too controversial to embrace.
Henry Kraemer, a Portland-based activist, co-authored an article in The Nation in May making the political case for Democrats to take up housing issues. In August, he followed up with a co-authored report laying out specific policy recommendations, such as new rent subsidies and expanded public housing. Kraemer and his report co-author, Laura Loe Bernstein, note that successfully enacting all their proposals would be "nearly or entirely impossible" without ending "apartment bans" — another name for exclusionary zoning. "Apartment bans restrict new home-building to the sort of single-family houses most commonly associated with suburbs and affluent neighborhoods," they write. "Apartment bans are extraordinarily widespread, and render it illegal to build duplexes, triplexes, fourplexes, and other spaces where multiple families can live nestled together (and often more cheaply) on the same plot of land."
Kraemer told The Intercept it's "fantastic" to see 2020 hopefuls "putting out bold solutions to the housing crisis" that Democrats can pursue if they reclaim Congress and the White House. In the short term, Kraemer said, the Harris, Booker, and Warren bills "send the right signals" to state and local lawmakers.
"Maybe more than any other politician, Elizabeth Warren helped set the tone and agenda for the party's economic work around the country," Kraemer said. "To see her saying now that these historic inequities in housing and soaring rents and mortgages are huge problems — well, that's a big, big deal."
The Trump administration has also recently signaled its intent to address zoning rules, at least rhetorically. In August, Housing and Urban Development Secretary Ben Carson came out to say that he, too, wants to use federal funds to loosen zoning restrictions. "I want to encourage the development of mixed-income multifamily dwellings all over the place," he told the Wall Street Journal.
But progressives have voiced rightful skepticism of Carson's newfound enthusiasm for zoning reform, as he's also been leading the push to weaken civil rights protections from his federal perch. For the past year, HUD has been trying to weaken the Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing rule, which was finalized in 2015 and designed to bolster fair housing enforcement. In August, the agency announced that over the next two months it would be opening the rule back up for public comment, claiming that "the current regulations are ineffective" and provide jurisdictions with "inadequate autonomy in developing fair housing goals."
Carson went further in a statement, claiming that the Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing rule is "suffocating investment" in distressed neighborhoods and contributing to the lack of affordable housing.
"When Ben Carson talks about zoning, he's not really talking about exclusionary zoning. He's talking about fair housing rules that prevent the piling on of all the low-income housing in poor neighborhoods," said Tegeler, whose primary concern with Warren's bill is that it lacks language to prevent the hundreds of millions of dollars in federal housing funds from pouring exclusively into poor areas.
"It's very important that this continues to be a fair housing bill and not play into the Trump administration's framing," Tegeler said. "As this bill is further refined, we'd hope to see some protections against piling on the bulk of this new development in high-poverty, segregated neighborhoods."
Tagged affordable housing, elizabeth warren, fair housing, housing, Race to the Top, segregation


We are dedicated to showcasing the best locally sourced, seasonal produce on our daily-changing menu of modern British comfort cooking.
We are a village pub and welcome everyone. We promote and sell local beers, including craft ales, bottled beers and ciders. We also carefully source locally crafted soft drinks made using Cotswolds produce, as well as seasonal cocktails.
Our seven, warm and inviting double bedrooms and one single room come with great kingsize beds, luxurious walk-in showers or a bath and a charming Cotswold feel.
Gorgeous pub nestled in the Cotswolds. Beautiful room, great shower, lovely breakfast and friendly staff. What more could you want!?
Had a fantastic evening with friends here. The food was lovely. Would highly recommend.
Beautiful pub in a picture postcard location. Great food and really friendly service from Andrew and the team. Definitely going back!


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Katedra pw. Niepokalanego Poczęcia NMP – kościół murowany w stylu neogotyckim o planie krzyża łacińskiego według projektu architekta gubernialnego Zygmunta Zdańskiego. Obecnie katedra znajduje się przy ulicy Bp. I. Świrskiego 55 (podst. 19/52 m, wys. wież 75 m, wys. nawy głównej 16,5 m).

Historia
Wybudowany w latach 1906–1912, staraniem ks. Józefa Scipio del Campo na placu ofiarowanym przez Ludwika Górskiego w imieniu Towarzystwa Kredytowego Ziemskiego. Konsekrowany 21 września 1913 przez Franciszka Jaczewskiego, bpa lubelskiego. Katedra od 25 stycznia 1924 na mocy bulli Stolicy Apostolskiej. Ostatecznie wykończony w 1928 staraniem ks. Juliana Rystera z ofiar duchownych i wiernych z okazji rocznicy 10-lecia wskrzeszenia diecezji. W roku 1928 Dominik Biernacki ukończył budowę organów, którą rozpoczął w roku 1914. Podczas II wojny światowej zostały zniszczone witraże, później odrestaurowane. Kościół przeszedł gruntowny remont w l. 1997–1998 (przed pielgrzymką papieża Jana Pawła II w 1999, podczas której odwiedził Siedlce), kiedy odrestaurowano prezbiterium (wymiana posadzki, przeniesienie tabernakulum) i wykonano nowy witraż w centralnym oknie frontonu. Obecnie funkcję proboszcza pełni ks. Dariusz Mioduszewski.

Szlaki
Katedra znajduje się na szlaku Perły Mazowsza na jego pętli wschodniej. Przed katedrą znajduje się tablica informacyjna szlaku.

Bibliografia
 Bernard Błoński, Kościół pw. Niepokalanego Poczęcia Najświętszej Maryi Panny w Siedlcach, "Szkice Podlaskie", T. 7, 1999, s. 31–51.

Zobacz też
 Parafia Katedralna Niepokalanego Poczęcia NMP
 lista najwyższych kościołów na świecie

Katedry rzymskokatolickie w Polsce
Świątynie pod wezwaniem Niepokalanego Poczęcia Najświętszej Maryi Panny
Katedra
Architektura neogotycka w województwie mazowieckim
Niepokalanego Poczęcia Najświętszej Maryi Panny
Budynki w Polsce oddane do użytku w 1912

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Home/Daily Workouts/Top 10 Fat-blasting exercises you should be doing NOW!
Let's face it most people going to the gym to burn fat are doing 30-60 minutes of steady state cardio or H.I.I.T. (High Intensity Interval Training) and maybe some weight training before or after the cardio session. This method works to a degree, as when you separate your "strength" and "cardio" training you do get the benefits of both forms of exercise individually. However you're NOT getting into "Full Body Fat Incineration Mode" as you would be if you were able to combine the two disciplines strategically!
You can repeat this cycle 2-3 times for an intense full body fat blasting workout that will also boost your metabolism for hours after the workout! For added fat burning power, try one capsules of a powerful thermogenic like E'CINERATOR prior to workouts help kick-start energy levels and raise body temperature stacked with 1 serving of CARNITINE to improve body fat breakdown. Always sip on 1 serving of SUPER-8 BCAA to help preserve lean muscle tissue during these intense sessions!


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Provincia di Bataan, Provincia delle Filippine
New Bataan, municipalità delle Filippine nella Provincia di Compostela Valley
Parco nazionale di Bataan, area naturale protetta delle Filippine
Bataan, località della Costa Rica
Bataan, film di guerra statunitense


In today's episode I interviewed Tim Paige, we talk a lot about Tim's transition from playing in a band, being a salesman and eventually becoming an online Entrepreneur.
Tim used to be the guitar player in a pop-punk band called Honor Bright, when the band called it quits he started looking for more ways to create freedom for his life and family.
Tim is now the host of the Awesome Clarity Podcast which focuses on becoming confident and becoming a better person.
He also co-hosts another Podcast with John Lee Dumas of Entrepreneur on Fire called Love Your Leap.


We hardly acknowledge the people who help us lead a normal life every day. Cops, doctors, nurses, firemen, postmen or chefs are some of the people who touch our lives with their thoughtfulness. We must do our bit too to commemorate their duties and actions. Download the free Labor Day worksheet and know more!


And inter cropped wild ginger and dahurican angelica.
That I can reap when they grow up.
But they go degenerated and mixed with disorderly weeds.
Made up of water cal trop leaves and lotus.
So long as I remain lofty and honest.
I adorn myself with long ornaments.
That are so perfect and pure!
Till I arrive in the middle of the Kunlun Mountains at dusk.
For the sun is soon setting.
Where the sun enters and sets.
Up in Heaven and down to Earth I will seek!
This entry was posted in Cantos, Ezra Pound, Poetry, RAW Memorial. Bookmark the permalink.


This two-day course covers the topics that students need to know for the PAT, focusing on topics that would normally not be covered at school by the date of the test. As the questions in the PAT differ in style from those in A-levels, this course aims to help students learn the types of questions asked about each topic and give tips on how to answer them in the most efficient way.
Physics is covered on Day 1, Maths on Day 2.
Classes are from 9.00am to 5.30pm every day.
There will be a one-hour lunch break and a couple of 10-min breaks in the morning and afternoon sessions.
Lunch is not provided but there are places to eat in and around the campus.
Please note: this course is designed to help students improve their techniques for tackling PAT questions. Teaching the whole content from scratch is unrealistic in two days, to get the most out of the course students should refresh the material learnt in their first year of A-Levels and pre-read the PAT syllabus before the course commences.
Gorkem studied Physics at Magdalen College, University of Oxford and graduated in 2011. He then gained his qualified teacher status (QTS) from King's College London in 2012. Teaching has always been a passion for Gorkem since his teenage years, when he worked as a tennis coach. Upon deciding to pursue a career in teaching, Gorkem began tutoring in 2010 while he was an undergraduate student. Currently he works as a full-time tutor, specialising in Maths and Physics A-levels and admissions tests such as PAT, as well as helping students in their university application and interview preparation. In 2013, Gorkem established the Physics & Maths Tutor website, which has become a useful resource, providing study help for thousands of students. In his private life, Gorkem still enjoys being a dedicated tennis player and coach.


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Radical Proposal on Smokeless Tobacco: How About Telling the Truth?
Jacob Sullum | 10.11.2006 12:11 PM
The American Council on Science and Health has just published a position paper in which it endorses smokeless tobacco as a harm-reducing alternative to cigarettes. Based on a longer report by University of Louisville researcher Brad Rodu and Smoke-Free Pennsylvania founder Bill Godshall (which I reviewed and commented on prior to publication), it clearly lays out the huge difference in risk between oral snuff and cigarettes, correcting a record that has been deliberately muddied by public health officials and anti-smoking activists. The paper's policy recommendations generally seem sound to me, although it's sad they are necessary. "Government agencies and private health organizations should provide accurate and complete information about the health risks of tobacco," says the first one, "including information about the differential risks of different types of tobacco use." A less diplomatic way of putting it: Anti-smoking groups and their allies in government should stop lying.
NEXT: Reason Writers Around Town
Jacob Sullum is a senior editor at Reason.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Today's Prompt: Tell us about one of the best days of your life.
This was one of the topics that I really struggled with. It should be easy, right? Who doesn't have a "best day"?
Now, I'm not setting this up to be a total Debbie Downer post, so hear me out. It's even going to be a short one.
I think for most people, their best day is a huge life milestone like the day they married the love of their life or the day their child was born. Maybe it's the day where they landed their dream job or perhaps graduated from University with a degree they worked really hard towards. And all that that is so wonderful!
For me, I think instead of a "best day" I have more of a list of Greatest Hits, like Charlie from Lost. These little moments are the mental snapshots I have that I think back and just make me smile. Those moments are what makes my life, mine.
And maybe my list isn't filled with as momentous of occasions as (however fictional) Charlie Pace's list, they are moments and events that I can mark as plot points (or just random side-stories that aren't fulfilling the overarching plot line but make for good monster-of-the-week instalments) in my own story.
It is nice to think that my "best day" is still ahead of me. I'm not looking back on one day in the past, but instead looking forward to something still on the tracks for me. I just haven't hit it yet.
And hey, if I ever write the story of my life, the pages connecting my greatest hits might make a much better read than just one best day!
DISCLAIMER: The prompt for this post was originally from BraveLoveBlog's Blog-Tember Challenge. I did not complete Blogtember during the month of September but adored the prompts so I am going to continue using the prompts out of order. ALL credit for the idea behind Blogtember and the creation of these prompts goes to Bailey Jean and her blog, BraveLoveBlog. You can find her original list of Blogtember 2015 prompts HERE.


guirec.me 9 out of 10 based on 543 ratings. 1,496 user reviews.
Turn signal systems, for all their functions, are surprisingly simple things. Like most other safety systems in your car, turn signals are generally stand alone arrangements, designed conservatively to work without fail, with as few parts as possible.
you get all all the pieces in the plastic boxes but you do not get " the plastice box". this is the last of the nuts and bolts i have from an estate sale.
Hi guys, I have always wanted a 5.7 6.1 hemi in my 69 charger, I just dont know if its worth the cost at this time in my life. I have a 400 block in it with headers , ported 906 heads, cam, 800 eddy carb, rpm performer intake, exhaust, and a rebuilt 4 speed overdrive from a 70s van.


If a college football game is tied after four quarters, the game goes to overtime.
The college OT rule is different from the NFL rule. It works a lot like extra innings in baseball. Each team gets one possession at its own 25. If, after both teams have completed their drive, one team is ahead, the game is over. But if it's still tied – perhaps each team scored a field goal on their one possession – it goes to another "inning," and each team gets another possession. This continues until the tie is broken.
Rosen and Wilson looked at 328 overtime games they found since this overtime rule was instituted in 1995. They found that it appears that forcing the other team to go on offense first is, indeed, a good strategy. How good? The team going on defense first won 54.9% of overtime games.
The reason for the advantage is kind of obvious: the team "going second" (on offense) already knows what the first team did. And so, it won't make the mistake of settling for a field goal when the "first team" (on offense) scored a touchdown. On the other hand, the first team *can* make that "mistake." Faced with fourth-and-10 on the opponent's 20, it'll go for the 3 points, because it doesn't know yet that the opponent will score a TD.
It's important to keep in mind that this argument is not a proof. It points out the advantages of going second, but none of the disadvantages. What are the disadvantages? Well, they're probably small, but, in theory, teams can defend differently depending on the score. If the first team fails to score on their possession, a field goal will beat them. And so, they might set up some sort of defense that minimizes the chances of the second team scoring (it would increase the chance of a touchdown, but not as much as it decreased the chance of a field goal).
So, by theory alone, we couldn't be sure, in advance, that going second is the optimal strategy. We needed the numbers to confirm – and they do.
Alas, after showing us the results, the study doesn't really give us much extra useful information. The authors do run a regression, predicting the odds of winning from several variables: point spread, home/road, "momentum" (who scored last before overtime), and "pressure" (the points the first team scored in overtime).
As you would expect, "pressure" dominates the equation -- once you know how many points the first team scored, it's much easier to predict who's going to win. Only pressure and point spread turn out to be significant. The authors are surprised that home field advantage doesn't turn out to be important, but they don't seem to realize that HFA is already included in the point spread.
In their conclusions, the authors state that going second is a good strategy. But then they write that "in situations where pressure is seven points (the offense first team scores a touchdown) and the defense first team is not a large favorite, the offense first team holds a considerable advantage." Er, yes, that's true, but I'm not sure that has anything to do with which strategy is better, and I'm not sure what the authors are trying to say here.
Indeed, they seem to treat "pressure" the same as all the other variables all the way through the study, which leads to confusion. The other variables are known prior to the overtime, and it makes sense to predict the outcome from them. But predicting the outcome of overtime from what actually happens in the overtime, and combining that with all those other variables ... well, it seems to me you can't learn much about strategy that way.
As to the split between 1995-2000, and 2001-2006, at some point as a result of OT games going several rounds, the rule was put in that teams must go for 2 pts following each td after the 2nd OT period. I can't imagine this rule change would significantly impact the expected outcomes, if at all, since most OT games are probably decided in OT period 1 or 2.
The only other thing I can think of, other than it just being random, is that over time, maybe the "offense first" teams became smarter on strategy necessary on their end, such as being more aggressive on fourth down if that improves win expectancy.
It is not exactly surprising that going second is an advantage. A better question is when should teams going first on offense go for a first down on fourth rather than settle for a FG, hope to hold the other team to the same, and advance to another OT.
Doing some back of the paper very rough calculations, and assuming, for average college teams, a roughly 50% chance of achieving a first down/touchdown on any given set of downs, and a 70% of making a 30-40 yard field goal by an average college kicker, then the breakeven point where teams should consider going for it rather than kicking is about 35-40% conversion percentage on fourth.
I would be more interested in knowing if coaches are too conservative on fourth down situations when on offense first. Attempting the field goal first makes that (average) team an underdog with about a 33% chance of winning the game, taking into account the chance of the other team scoring a td, or a missed fg on the attempt.
Interesting theory about offense-first teams taking more chances on fourth down. I'd love to see data on that.
I only have anecdotal data from watching college football overtimes, but the team that is offense first will almost always go for a field goal if it is in a fourth down situation. I don't believe I've ever seen a coach have his team go for a first down in that situation.
The Fiesta Bowl this year demonstrated a coach who had a grasp of his team's probabilities of winning in overtime.
After Oklahoma scored on its first play in overtime, Boise State countered on a fourth down play and then went for two to win the game. I think that if Boise State had gone first and scored a TD, they would have just gone for one.
That game was a special case of an undersized team trying unusual strategies to overcome obvious physical deficiencies.
So what *did* cause the home run explosion?


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Q: GridFS: Can't find a codec for custom class I am working with a legacy application which has a data model in which a given MongoDB document could, occasionally, exceed 16MB in size.  This of course would trigger an exception in Mongo, and so we have decided to shift a couple of collections over to GridFS, which does not have this size limitation.  However, while we were able to successfully shift one of the collections over to GridFS, we get the following error when trying to insert POJOs which were being stored in the other collection:

org.bson.codecs.configuration.CodecConfigurationException: Can't find a codec for class com.tjb.entities.SomePojo

I have researched this here and elsewhere, and have found a few possible fixes.  However, these fixes seem to only be for normal Mongo, not GridFS.
Is there some way to configure a custom codec for GridFS?  I am assuming that there probably is a way to get GridFS to store the POJO, since regular Mongo already has the ability to do so.
For reference, the POJO contains only String, Java primitive, List, and object fields.  A few of the fields have been marked as @Transient, in case that would matter.  I am using Spring data as the interface into Mongo.

A: After struggling with this problem for 1+ days, I tried to instead use Gson to write a simple JSON String to GridFS, which should have eliminated and issue with the serialization of the underlying Java object.  To my surprise, the same codec error persisted.  Upon closer inspection, I tracked down the error to being caused by these troubling lines:
DBObject metaData = new BasicDBObject();
metaData.put(Fields.DOCUMENTS_LIST, listOfSomePojo);

Here listOfSomePojo was an ArrayList of some POJO, each of whose objects had a field I wanted to use for searching.  This is what was causing the codec error, because GridFS couldn't figure out what I was trying to do.  My intention was to include the collection, each object of which had an _id field for searching.  Here is the workaround I used:
List<String> docIds = deal.getDocumentsList().stream()
    .map(x -> x.getId())
    .collect(Collectors.toList());
metaData.put(Fields.DOCUMENTS_LIST, docIds);

That is, I just added a plain List<String> to one of the metadata fields instead, and then searched using it.  This fixed the codec error, and now everything is working.
As a side note, if you are having a similar problem, please also make sure that any Object you wish to store in GridFS is serializable, as well as all children Objects are also serializable.  If not, it will also not work.

A: I'm not sure if it's exactly related to the problem you describe but I was having similar issues - writing the GridFSFile got to a point where it was working but any reading of the file (say, in a Cursor<GridFSFile>) led to a codec failure. (GridFSFile has not public constructor, configure a Codec etc etc)  I eventually tracked it down in the debugger and saw that there was a decoder coming up but it was an AutomaticPojo codec, not the GridFSFileCodec.
This pointed me finally to where I was adding in my other codecs to the registry. That code looked like :
CodecProvider someCodec = PojoCodecProvider.builder().....
List<CodecProvider> lotsOfThese = new ArrayList<>();
CodecRegistry cr = new ProvidersCodecRegistry(lotsOfThese);
CodecRegistry whole = CodecRegistries.fromRegistries(cr, db.getCodecRegistry());
db = db.withCodecRegistry(whole);

But what I didn't understand is that codecs have matching rules and order therefore matters - the union of registries (cr, defaults) will not behave the same as (defaults, cr) - and even though I thought I had a package rule in my PojoCodecProvider it appears to have matched the GridFSFile before it got to the default in the codec registry.
Flipping the order in the union solved several issues for me.
CodecRegistry whole = CodecRegistries.fromRegistries(db.getCodecRegistry(), cr);

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Cedarville students, profs heading to Israel
CEDARVILLE — Many people visit Israel to immerse themselves in biblical and world history. But for a group of 40 Cedarville University students and two professors, they're traveling to the Holy Land while history is being made.
Dr. Glen Duerr, associate professor of international studies, and Dr. Matt Bennett, instructor of missions and theology, will lead a group of Cedarville University students from the history and government and bible departments on a discovery of biblical history. They will also seek to understand modern Israel and the impact of its relationship with its middle eastern neighbors. Students will learn how Israel's geography affects its domestic and foreign policy. Their discussions will include the recent relocation of the U.S. Embassy from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem.
The group will also visit the Golan Heights and the West Bank, while observing the Gaza Strip in order to see the effects of terrorist conflict and protests in those areas. Students will learn about Israel's government and economy, the current tensions in the middle east and the Isis presence in Syria and Iraq.
"We will see the Bible come to life," Duerr said. "We will walk up the location of the Ssermon on the mount and envision the things we read about in the gospels. I want our students to come away with a geopolitical understanding. I want them to have a connection with Israel and a heart for the peoples of the region."
The students will get a full taste of Israeli culture during their 12-day journey. They will celebrate Shabbat, the Sabbath, with Israeli families. The group will also spend several days living in a kibbutz, an independent rural community of people who share property and belongings.
"We will experience a really fulfilling biblical and geopolitical understanding of Israel," Duerr said. "We will be able to interact with the Israeli, Christian, Arab and Palestinian people in lectures and conversations. We will see the people living in the land today and the issues that they face."
Hi! A visitor to our site felt the following article might be of interest to you: Cedarville students, profs heading to Israel. Here is a link to that story: http://www.xeniagazette.com/news/30666/cedarville-students-profs-heading-to-israel


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Phases of Leadership: Determining the Role of the Entrepreneur as the Company Grows
Digital Library > Human Resources Management > Roles and responsibilities"Phases of Leadership: Determining the Role of the Entrepreneur as the Company Grows"
How long have you been at the top of your organization? Are you as thrilled by your position now as you were that first year? Are you as effective at your job? We ask you to consider those difficult questions, so that you can put yourself in the most strategic role.
OVERVIEW [top]
For many entrepreneurs, nothing quite beats the adrenaline rush of starting a company. It's full of risk and derring-do, and it's a daily challenge just to keep the company upright. It takes an executive who thrives on such drama. Entrepreneurs are made that way, and that's a good thing, until the company grows beyond the startup phase. When it's no longer a thrill a minute to keep the company growing, some entrepreneurs lose interest, or don't know what to do next for the company they so lovingly started. Many entrepreneurs feel trapped at this point. They don't want to give up on their company, but they are tired of doing the same old thing. Some keep going, burning out their management team and depressing shareholder value, until the board steps in to replace them.
Others fare better by understanding their own skills and deciding how they can best support the company. Some decide to leave and go on to other startups. Others move themselves into a role that suits them better.
In this Quick-Read you will find:
Questions to help analyze your motivation for starting and running a company.
Methods for determining the best role for you to play in your company's future.
SOLUTION [top]
Uncover your role in the company by answering these questions:
When you started your company, did you want to build something, or were you more interested in escaping something else, like a bad boss or an unhappy work place? How you answer that question says a lot about what motivates you as an entrepreneur. Entrepreneurs who want to build something will find the place in their company where they can most effectively help the building process. If you wanted to be free from constraints, you may have issues with giving up power. But remember: teams succeed, not individuals. Individuals form consultancies. Teams form product companies.
What motivates you? — "Do you want to be rich, or do you want to be the boss?" Venture capitalist Gerald Langeler asks entrepreneurs this important question. If you want to be rich, Langeler explains, you will give up power, or share it. You will find the right place for yourself in the company that enhances its potential for growth. If you want to be the boss more than anything, you may be the boss of a very tiny company.
Knowing what motivates you is very important. It will help you decide what role in the company will be most satisfying to you. If you know that you find startup environments exhilarating, but what comes after feels boring, set your company up so that you can leave it in good hands during its next phase. You may want to remain on the board, simply hold stock, or sell your interest entirely.
If you want to stay with the company, be honest about the situation and yourself. It probably isn't a good idea to ask your subordinates what they think of you and your abilities. They are not likely to tell you anything negative about your performance.
Try these avenues to assess your value to the company:
Hire an executive coach. This gives you the opportunity to talk things out in a safe setting. The coach will help you see your strengths and weaknesses and will help you structure a future for yourself in the company. You can explore what made the company successful in the last year and what will make it successful in the year ahead. You will be able to see how that path to success aligns with your skills.
Talk to your board of directors or advisers. Ask them to evaluate you every six months in the company's early days. They shouldn't be shy in expressing their opinions of your performance.
Talk to other entrepreneurs about how their roles have evolved, especially ones who have been through a company's growth phases before. They will help you see the signs of change that may indicate your role should change.
After the startup phase, your company will change a great deal. Instead of wearing all the hats, you'll need to hire a management team and staff. Are you ready, as an entrepreneur, to become CEO of this company? As you reduce the span of your responsibilities, you will need to find the places where your skills shine. Perhaps it's as chief financial officer, chief operations officer, president in charge of marketing or engineering. Perhaps, as Bill Gates has done, you will best serve the company by taking yourself out of day-to-day management and spend your time just thinking or inventing.
REAL-LIFE EXAMPLE [top]
Chris Pieper, president and CEO of ABC Technologies, started his software company about a decade ago. Unlike many entrepreneurs, he's still at the helm of his company, but his role as CEO has changed.
"I've gone from being the person who did all the work, to being the person who worked through my managers," he says. But even after ten years, he is still willing to say, as the company now moves toward an Internet strategy, that his role could change. "When will my ability to change and adjust stop working? Just because I've been successful to this point, will I be if we become a $150 million company?"
Pieper keeps asking these questions, because it's his way of measuring his success in his job. Because he cares more about the future of the company than his position in it on any given day, he is willing, whenever necessary, to find another job in the company.
DO IT [top]
Think about what motivated you to start your company. If you are a builder and a team player, remaining as CEO or in a top officer position may be just right for you. If you are more interested in the heady startup phase or are a loner, you may want to move on after startup.
Get an executive coach to help you evaluate your skills and act on what you learn.
Be certain that you are using time effectively, not wasting it on unnecessary "obligations." Get time-management ideas from the Quick-Read Solution "Manage Your Time Effectively."
Consider hiring a new secretary, executive assistant or manager, and delegate responsibilities you no longer want.
Groom an exceptional employee to replace you. Gradually transfer responsibilities to the prospective replacement.
Consider merging with another company, to acquire its management team.
Ask yourself, "If I was hiring me, where would I put me?"
Ask your family and friends when they've known you to be the happiest and most fulfilled. You may not even be able to admit to yourself that your current role in your company isn't very satisfying to you, but those closest to you may have a strong feeling about this.
RESOURCES [top]
Managing Corporate Lifecycles by Ichak Adizes (Prentice-Hall, 1999). Chapter 4: "The Wild Years: Go-Go" discusses the "founders trap," when a company is organized around its owner. Chapter 5: "The Second Birth and the Coming of Age: Adolescence" discusses the necessary "change in leadership-from entrepreneurship to professional management."
Right from the Start: Taking Charge in a New Leadership Role by Dan Ciampa and Michael Watkins (Harvard Business School Press, 1999). Consider using this book to provide a strategy for success for a new leader hired from the outside.
"The Wall" by Susan Greco. Inc. magazine (October 1998): 54-69.
"Necessary Losses" by Norm Brodsky and Bo Burlingham. Inc. magazine (December 1, 1997): 116-120.
A Living or a Life?
Safeguarding Family Business
Choosing a Successor in a Family Business
Hallmarks of Effective Succession Planning
Writer: Kathy Watson
Make Temps Part of Your Team
Wild About Visionary Leadership
Keep the Loyalty of Your IT Staff
How Do You Hire for Scalability?
Establish a Culture of Success
Articles in our Entrepreneur's Resource Center appeared in print and online newsletters published previously by the foundation. More than 1,000 articles can be found in the categories below, addressing timeless challenges faced by entrepreneurs of all types.
‹ How to Establish a Public Relations Campaign	Crimes in Cyberspace: Are You Safe? ›


A smashing hotel, and even better for a sensible pricing policy which fails to reflect the quality on show. Set just outside the city limits, Stacja has an almost country club swagger with a quiet lakeside location, playground and fabulous pool. Rooms, inside a modern lodge, are fitted in pleasant forest green shades, and include air-con, sat TV, mini-fridge, fast internet connection, a safe and views of the wooded landscapes outside. Their bucolic gardens also play host to many weddings in the warmer months but make sure to contact them well in advance (they can organise cook outs for you as well). You may be out of town, but who needs Piotrkowska when you've got one of the best restaurants right at your doorstep.


You can follow this guide to set up IKEv2 manual connection on your Android device.
1. To begin with, you would have to download Surfshark IKEv2 certificate here: https://account.surfshark.com/setup/manual. You can find it at the very bottom of the page underlined as IKEv2 certificate.
2. Download strongSwan VPN Client from Google Play store on your device. You can get it here.
2. After that, open strongSwan VPN Client and, after clicking on the menu which is at the top-right corner, click on CA certificates. Afterwards, click on the menu once again, and import Surfshark IKEv2 connection certificate which you have downloaded.
3. Get back to strongSwan VPN Client home screen and click on Add VPN profile at the top of strongswan VPN Client application.
4. In the Server field enter the hostname of one of our servers. You can find the hostnames and the recommended server for you here: https://account.surfshark.com/setup/manual, under the flags representing the countries our servers are located at (in the tutorial de-fra.prod.surfshark.com has been used as an example).
In the username and password fields enter the service credentials which have been assigned to you. You can find them in the second step here: https://account.surfshark.com/setup/manual.
The Profile name is optional, and you can name this profile as you prefer.
6. That is it! You have successfully protected your Android device with IKEv2 connection protocol. To make sure your connection is successful, please refer to this article https://support.surfshark.com/hc/en-us/articles/360003069114-How-do-I-contact-Surfshark-s-customer-support-.


VIDEO: Why do Chinese students come to American colleges, universities?
The BBC posted this video in June. Chinese students at the University of Illinois-Urbana/Champaign explain why they prefer to study in the USA. The main reason: they can study what they want. In China, your major is pre-selected for you, based on your performance on the college entrance exam (gaokao). High school students list five preferred majors on their exams, and the exam section with the highest score determines which of the five possibilities is assigned. So, this is why I've had students who prefer physics and math, but ended up being Business English majors. Their gaokao scores on the physics and math sections were too low. Parents are also fed up with the Chinese gaokao system. If they have enough money, they will send their children abroad for their university education, sparing those kids three years of intense, high pressure preparation for the gaokao. You can read more at the BBC.
Some of my American students may recall our attempt at drawing the solar system to scale along Broadway in front of SFHS. It's not easy to get both the size of the planets and the distances between them to scale. This video explores that question.
So, you think your trip to school was hard?
JISHOU, HUNAN — In Sangzi, Loudi, Hunan, which is a few hours from here by bus, children have to climb ladders up the side of a mountain to get to school. Watch this video, courtesy of The Guardian and Reuters. Hunan is a mountainous province, so we're used to climbing hills, but the last time I took a trip like that was visiting a park in Zhangjiajie. Those ladders were metal, had safety cages around them and the angle was less steep. These kids are negotiating 70-meter (229-foot) vertical drops in some places. I can only imagine what they'll tell their grandkids: "You think you have it rough? When I was a boy, I had to climb up ladders 300 meters to get to school — coming and going!" I'm including a screencap from Google Maps to show where Sangzi lies in relation to Jishou. Jishou is on the left (west) and the red pin is Sangzi village. If you want the satellite view, enter "Sangzi, Loudi, Hunan, China" in Google Maps. And no, I haven't been there. Yet, anyway.


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Micky Gray says Sunderland should target Chris Coleman, Ryan Giggs or Roy Keane as next boss – LISTEN
3rd May 2017, 2:59 pm
Updated: 30th May 2018, 4:31 pm
Micky Gray wants Sunderland to target Chris Coleman as their next manager if David Moyes walks away.
Moyes is being tipped to quit the Black Cats after they were relegated from the Premier League at the weekend.
Gray, who spent 12 years of his playing career at the club, admits it has been an 'awful' year under the Scot and would welcome a managerial change.
And, should Moyes go, he has named Wales boss Coleman as his top choice to come in.
Speaking alongside Danny Kelly on talkSPORT, Gray said: "Chris Coleman is a fantastic guy. His enthusiasm his brilliant.
"I would take Chris Coleman tomorrow. He would be my number one right now.
"I don't know if he is going to stay with Wales, but he would be my number one."
While Coleman is his top pick, Gray would also be happy to see Ryan Giggs or former Sunderland boss Roy Keane get the job.
Giggs is still searching for the right club to kick off his managerial career after leaving Manchester United's coaching staff last summer.
His old United teammate Keane, meanwhile, previously bossed the Wearsiders from 2006 to 2008 and led them to the Championship title.
"Ryan has got respect as soon as he walks into a dressing room," said Gray. "The players would obviously want to play for him.
"If the chairman backs him with funds, there is no better place. We saw it with Roy Keane. He got his first [managerial] opportunity with Sunderland and got them back in the Premier League.
"Roy is my number three choice. It probably wouldn't happen but Roy would take no prisoners.
"And I think he has learnt from his experience as assistant to Martin O'Neill at the Republic of Ireland.
"That is the type of character we need at the club."
Chris Coleman


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Moving Forward, Together: A Legislative Column from the Desk of Assemblyman Cliff Crouch
Posted: Nov 18, 2020 / 11:41 AM GMT-0500 / Updated: Nov 18, 2020 / 11:41 AM GMT-0500
From the office of Assemblyman Cliff Crouch:
Speaking with the people of the 122nd District in the weeks following the general election cycle has shown me a few things. First, that it's been an incredible privilege to serve the people of this district for as long as I have. But more than anything, what I have been hearing, and I concur, is that the animosity, the division, the aggression of society has not only exacerbated but become unbearably bleak for many people. Now, as a politician, I'm no stranger to tense times, but the level of vitriol and anger being felt by the general public shows that a change of heart needs to happen, and it needs to happen fast.
I think many will agree that the current political and social climate is detestable. Not because people are involved, talking, participating actively; as a matter of fact, these are all the sure signs that our democracy is healthier than ever. But there is a clear need to come back together after the strife that has driven a rift throughout not only our towns, our cities, or our state, but in our country as well. An uptick in violence, a continued fight against a pandemic, a shaky economy and the fight against injustice have caused each of us in our own ways to adapt and change with the times, and find ways to make life easier on us in any way we can.
One of the strongest characteristics of Americans is our perseverance, as a united front, against any and all obstacles. This year in particular has thrown quite a wedge in the way we conduct things, and it has caused a great deal of discomfort and pain for many. It's why I believe, as private citizens, the best way forward is to begin to mend those wounds, heal, and return to a state of unity where we can all enjoy the blessings of life. It will not be without hard work; the process of healing requires a considerable amount of humility, reflection, and understanding from all involved. And these may come easier to some than others. But, for the emotional health and wellbeing of our communities, and in the interest of leaving behind a legacy of kindness, respect and dignity for those who come after us, if we all put in the work, I'm confident we can create the change we want to see in the world.


There are only four states that I have not visited. Idaho is one of them. I just received a 336-page Idaho State Adventure Guide filled with information on a state that abounds with fun activities and so many things for seniors to see and do. If Idaho is new to you as well, I suggest that you start off by sending for one of the Free Idaho Travel Planners. You will see 11 planned visits that range from outdoor adventures to Moscow and Pullman. Travel along historic routes made famous by Lewis and Clark.
Idaho abounds with a plethora of tourist attractions that seniors will find interesting. Included are museums and art galleries, amusement parks, national and state parks, historical places, great fishing, sporting events and festivals. Idaho is home to thousands of miles of biking trails, mountains to climb, lakes to fish, 17 ski resorts, over 100 golf courses and more whitewater than any other state in the lower 48. Butch Otter, the present governor, states that Idaho attracts more than 30 million people from all over the world each year.
I found the outline of Idaho to look like a piece out of a puzzle with its jagged edges and only a couple straight lines. This guide will take you to each of the 7 regions of the state and provides information that will fill any itinerary to the brim. In Idaho, seniors will want to "Think Outside" and all you have to do is to select an activity, type of attraction, a specific city or town or a region. It's one "dandy" of a URL.
Idaho provides many "Adventures in Living" with Guides and Maps, Ideas for Your Visit as well as Departments and Commissions. Specifics on the State and Federal Resources provide quick facts as well as an interesting history.
I knew of Sun Valley, Idaho and that Boise was the capital but did you know that it is called "The Gem State." I guess I had heard that name before but never associated it with Idaho. Every state has a "handle" of some sort. Another URL finds that Idaho is nicknamed the "Wilderness State" as Idaho is a large state with one of the smallest populations, totaling about 1.5 million people with nearly four million acres of designated wilderness, so take your pick once you arrive.
The "Top Ten" places to see will set you off in several directions. Idaho, one of America's best-kept secrets is in recent years emerging as one of the West's premiere senior vacation destinations with its timbered mountains, pristine lakes, wide-open vistas, vibrant cities and irrigated farmlands that dot the state from Nevada to Canada.
The Gem State's door is wide open to senior travelers looking for fun, outdoor enthusiasts in search of the thrills of nature, adventure seekers or those just looking to relax. I leave you with a totally immersive, real-life online film adventure featuring everything that Idaho has to offer. A 25-person crew with six cameras captured all the recreation, scenery, and delightful Idaho hospitality they could fit into the ten-day trip called The Great Idaho Getaway.


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Ihor Mitiukow – ukraiński polityk i ekonomista.

W 1994 był wiceprezesem Narodowego Banku Ukrainy, w latach 1994–1995 wicepremierem, od 1997 do 2001 ministrem finansów. Od 2008 jest szefem przedstawicielstwa banku Morgan Stanley na Ukrainie.

Jego największym sukcesem była restrukturyzacja długu Ukrainy w Klubie Londyńskim i Paryskim.

Ukraińscy ekonomiści
Ukraińscy ministrowie finansów
Ukraińscy politycy
Wicepremierzy Ukrainy


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NBA Finals: LeBron feels 2013-14 Spurs were tougher title foes than Warriors
Image from Blasting News Image Library.
LeBron James agrees that the Warriors are a lot better this year, though he thinks the 2013-14 Spurs were a lot tougher in the NBA Finals.
by Onchie Ebriega Aguila
May 29, 2017 at 9:07 PM May 29, 2017 at 9:07 PM
LeBron James knows beating the Golden State Warriors in the NBA Finals for the second straight year will be a challenge, especially after they added Kevin Durant to the mix. However, James feels he stacked up pretty well against super-teams in the past, including the 2013-14 San Antonio Spurs team that had five Hall of Famers.
James has been on six underdog teams in the NBA Finals, but, for the first time since facing the Spurs in 2007, James enters the NBA championship series with his team trending as a +200 underdog or more, according to Las Vegas betting odds.
Cleveland the underdogs?
Las Vegas Westgate SuperBook pegged the Cavaliers as a +210 underdog, while analytics site FiveThirtyEight gave the Eastern Conference champions only a 10 percent chance of winning the NBA Championship this year.
During a media interview following Sunday's team practice at the Cavs' training facility, LeBron said he's aware that this year's Warriors are different from last year's squad. Kevin Durant's presence certainly makes them a lot more dangerous offensively. However, the four-time NBA MVP believes he already experienced playing against a team as talented, if not more talented, than the Warriors in past finals.
"It's probably up there," James said of facing the Warriors' superteam via ESPN.
"Obviously I played against four as well too. You know, Manu, Kawhi, Tony, and Timmy on the same team. And if you have Pop in there, that's five Hall of Famers, so you know it's going to be challenging. Those guys are going to challenge me and they gonna challenge our ballclub. This is a high-powered team."
James faced the Spurs in the NBA Finals thrice in his career.
The first meeting took place in 2007, when the (-360) favorite Spurs manhandled an inexperienced James and the Cavs in four games. Then, there's the epic seven-game series in 2013. James, who was then playing with Dwyane Wade and Chris Bosh in Miami, needed a clutch 3-point shot from Ray Allen in Game 6 to extend the series and win his second straight NBA championship.
However, the Spurs returned the next year a lot stronger and completed a 4-1 thrashing of the Heat.
Experience and depth could make the difference
James hopes his experience will help him against the Warriors, who sealed their place in the NBA Finals with an unblemished 12-0 record and the largest winning margin (+16.3) in NBA playoffs history.
"Inside the NBA" analyst Shaquille O'Neal and Charles Barkley already made their picks for the NBA Finals, and both predicted the Cavs to beat the Warriors in their trilogy because the Cavs have more depth on their roster. The 2017 NBA Finals will begin on Thursday, June 1 at 9 p.m. EST from Oracle Arena in Oakland.
Onchie Ebriega Aguila
Onchie Aguila is a professional sports and Pop culture writer. He has been covering the NBA, NFL, MLB, and WWE for over 9 years. Onchie previously worked for Associated Press-affiliated site DailyPost (Chicago, Illinois) and served as managing editor for multiple sports media platforms.
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The Estadio Alberto J. Armando is an association football stadium located in La Boca district of Buenos Aires. Widely known as La Bombonera (Spanish pronunciation: [la βomboˈneɾa]; English: The chocolate box[3]) due to its shape, with a "flat" stand on one side of the pitch and three steep stands round the rest of the stadium.[4][5][6] It has a capacity of 49,000.[1]
For other uses, see La Bombonera (disambiguation).
Estadio Alberto J. Armando
Estadio Boca Juniors (1940–86)
Estadio Camilo Cichero (1986–2000)
Brandsen 805 CP 1161
La Boca, Buenos Aires
57,000[1]
Record attendance
57,395 (Boca Juniors–San Lorenzo, 25 May 1940)[2]
105 x 68 m
25 May 1940 (1940-05-25)
José Luis Delpini, Viktor Sulčič, Raúl Bes
The stadium is owned by Boca Juniors, one of Argentina's top football clubs, The unusual shape of the stadium has led to it having excellent acoustics and the Boca support being nicknamed "La Doce (The 12th man").[4] The pitch at La Bombonera is the minimum size required under FIFA regulations - 105m x 68m.
The stadium is widely regarded as one of the most emblematic stadiums of the world,[7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] and has been declared of public interest by the Government of Buenos Aires autonomous city.[17]
The stadium, as well as being the home of Boca Juniors, who have over 16 million fans (the highest in Argentina),[18] is also used as a concert venue. Past performers at La Bombonera have included Lenny Kravitz, Elton John, James Blunt, the Bee Gees, and the Backstreet Boys.
Previous to La Bombonera, Boca Juniors had used several locations before settling on their current ground on Brandsen. Club's first ground had been located in Dársena Sur[19] of the old Buenos Aires port (currently Puerto Madero) and Isla Demarchi[20][21] before moving to Brandsen and Del Crucero (currently Del Valle Iberlucea) streets in 1924. The club built a stadium there.[22] This would be used as home venue until the construction of La Bombonera on the same location.
In 1931, the Boca Juniors' steering committee (led by president Ruperto Molfino) acquired the lands to the Municipality of Buenos Aires for A$ 2,200,000. Three years later the club published a call for tenders to built its new stadium.[23] The project was finally granted to the Delpini-Sulcic-Bes architectural office.[24] which would be also design the Abasto Shopping in the 1990s.
The old stadium (still with wooden grandstands) was used for the last time on April 10, 1938, then being demolished to build the new stadium on the same location. While La Bombonera was under construction, Boca Juniors played their home games at Ferro Carril Oeste stadium.
Opening and later refurbishments
The stadium finally opened on May 25, 1940, with a friendly match between Boca and San Lorenzo, which the home side won 2-0 with both goals scored by Ricardo Alarcón. Due to the fact that the stadium did not have a lighting system, the game only lasted 70' (two halves of 35' each).
The first official game at the new stadium was on June 2, 1940, when Boca Juniors beat Newell's Old Boys by 2–0. Ricardo Alarcón (who had scored in the opening game v. San Lorenzo) scored the first official goal in the new venue.[25]
After the stadium was inaugurated, the club continued to introduce refurbishments to expand its capacity. As a result, on November 16, 1941, a second tier was opened on the north side of the stadium, near Casa Amarilla train station. The grandstand was named "Natalio Pescia" in honour of one of the key players in Boca Juniors' history.[26] In 1949 the club decided to add a third tier, adding also a lighting system. All of those works were completed in 1953;[27] this third tier gave the stadium its enduring nickname: La Bombonera.[4] Boca Juniors celebrated with a friendly match v. Yugoslav club NK Hajduk Split, which ended 1–1.[28]
The stadium was named on April 20, 1986, by team President Antonio Alegre in honor of Camilo Cichero, a former team president under whose tenure work on La Bombonera began. It was renamed on December 27, 2000, by team President Mauricio Macri in honor of Alberto Armando, team president during its resurgence during the 1960s as well as a former business partner of his father Francisco Macri. The stadium was expanded and modernized during Macri's tenure, notably with the addition in 1996 of a fourth tier; and a wing housing a press area, VIP boxes, a museum, and offices. The stadium's exterior was later decorated with works by painters Rómulo Macció and Pérez Celis.[29]
Since then, La Bombonera was not remodeled until 1996 when the presidency of Mauricio Macri decided to expand its capacity to 57,500 spectators. Works included the demolition of the lateral boxes on Del Valle Iberlucea street, replacing them by a small stand and new and modern boxes (with metallic structure) placed over there. The "new" Bombonera was reinaugurated with a friendly match v. Club Universidad de Chile won by Boca Juniors by 3–1.[30]
An electronic screen was installed in 2008,[31] therefore Boca Juniors stadium became the third venue with this technology after Vélez Sársfield and River Plate. At the beginning of 2012, more than 500 seats were replaced and other 500 were added, apart of building four additional boxes.
Origin of the name
The stadium is popularly known as La Bombonera. It is said that the nickname came along the project of Viktor Sulčič during the process of development. On occasion of Sulčič's birthday, a friend gave him a box of chocolates as a gift. After that, Sulčič used to go with the box at meetings with engineer Delpine and other persons that collaborated with the project to show them that the box shape was very like the one of the stadium they were designing.
Since then, the stadium would be known as La Bombonera ("box of chocolates" in Spanish) and that name has remained to present days. In fact, the opening day (May 25, 1940) the stadium was named that way even by the club executives.[32]
Nevertheless, there are other stories or myths about the origin of the nickname. One of them tells that Delpini projected the stands with a highly vertical grade of inclination to host 100,000 persons (which was the first project). The shape of the stands looked like the carts used to collect horses dung in the streets of Buenos Aires. Other version credits journalist Hugo Marini or broadcaster Joaquín Carballo Serantes (aka) "Fioravanti" for the Bombonera nickname.[33]
Despite its distinguished nickname, the first official denomination came on April 20, 1986, when it was named "Camilo Cichero" in commemoration of the president under whose tenure the stadium was projected and built.[34] That same day Boca Juniors defeated Talleres de Córdoba by 4–2. Nevertheless, president Mauricio Macri decided to change the stadium's name to "Alberto J. Armando", honoring long-time president of the club during two periods (1954–55, 1960–80).[35]
Panoramic view of Estadio Alberto J. Armando, mostly known as La Bombonera, taken in 2012.
La Bombonera currently has a capacity of around 48,000 and the club's popularity make tickets hard to find, especially for the Superclásico derby against River Plate.[5]
Out of its capacity of 49,000, there are 37,538 seats, 2,780 in boxes, and 8,682 standing. Both its interior and exterior are lined with a number of murals painted by the artist Pérez Celis depicting many of the club's legendary players and aspects of the district's culture, such as the life of Italian immigrants.[36]
In 1996 a small stand was built on the 4th side, which had been largely open until then, except for some VIP boxes.[37]
Diego Maradona, who played for and supports Boca Juniors, has his own executive box at the stadium.[5]
There are three parking lots at the stadium for members.[38]
Argentina national team on La Bombonera
The national team has played several games in La Bombonera, including qualifying matches to the FIFA World Cup. The squad played the most games since the 1920s to the mid-1970s. Since the Estadio Monumental of River Plate was completely refurbished for the 1978 WC, the Argentine Football Association fixtured the majority of Argentina's home games at that venue. That decision was based on the Monumental higher capacity and modern facilities in comparison with La Bombonera.
Playing at Boca Juniors stadium, Argentina was only defeated in two games, having played a total of 27 matches, winning 18 and losing 2 with 7 ties. The squad scored 67 goals and only conceded 27.[39] Some of the official and friendly games played by Argentina at the stadium (as of 29 May 2018) are listed below:
Copa Lipton 14 Nov 1956 Uruguay 1–1
1958 FIFA WCQ 20 Oct 1957 Chile 4–0
1970 FIFA WCQ 24 Aug 1969 Bolivia 1–0
1970 FIFA WCQ 31 Aug 1969 Peru 2–2
Friendly 8 Jan 1971 France 3–4
Copa R. Castilla 27 Jul 1973 Peru 3–1
1974 FIFA WCQ 9 Sep 1973 Bolivia 4–0
1974 FIFA WCQ 7 Oct 1973 Paraguay 3–1
Friendly 27 Feb 1977 Hungary 5–1
Friendly 29 May 1977 Poland 3–1
Friendly 5 Jun 1977 Germany 1–3
Friendly 12 June 1977 England 1–1
Friendly 18 Jun 1977 Scotland 1–1
Friendly 26 Jun 1977 France 0–0
Copa F. Bogado 24 Aug 1977 Paraguay 2–1
Copa R. Castilla 19 Mar 1978 Peru 2–1
Friendly 29 Mar 1978 Bulgaria 3–1
Friendly 5 Apr 1978 Romania 2–0
Friendly 19 Apr 1978 Republic of Ireland 3–1
Friendly 3 May 1978 Uruguay 3–0
Friendly 26 Nov 1992 Poland 2–0
1998 FIFA WCQ 16 Nov 1997 Colombia 1–1
2012 SA 21 Nov 2012 Brazil 2–1
2018 FIFA WCQ 5 Oct 2017 Peru 0–0
Friendly 29 May 2018 Haiti 4–0
Boca Museum
The Passion of Boca Juniors Museum (Spanish: Museo de la Pasión Boquense) was opened in 2001 during the Mauricio Macri's administration.[40][41] It is located within the stadium, just below the grandstands. The Museum was built on two floors and chronicles the club's rise from 1905 (the year the club was established) to the present day.
One of the exhibits in the museum is a giant football with 360-degree footage of the club's fans and players at a match. The museum also includes a Hall of fame and a large mural of Diego Maradona. Also included are non-football items such as the specially commissioned blue and gold guitar played by Lenny Kravitz when he performed at La Bombonera in 2005.[42][43]
A giant statue of Boca Juniors' all-time topscorer, Martín Palermo, was unveiled in 2011. Other former players who have their statues honoring them are Diego Maradona and Román Riquelme[44] A total of seven Boca Juniors idols have been honored by the club with their respective monuments, they are Guillermo Barros Schelotto, Angel Clemente Rojas, Silvio Marzolini and Antonio Rattín, apart from Maradona, Palermo and Riquelme.
Carlos Bianchi was the first Boca Juniors manager to be honored with a statue, when a monument of his figure was unveiled in October 2016. Bianchi won 9 titles during his two tenures on the club (1998–2003), becoming the most winning manager in Boca Juniors' history. Under Bianchi's coaching, the team also set a record of 40 matches unbeaten, the biggest since Argentine football became professional in 1931.[45]
There are planned improvements for the stadium, including measures to ease crowd congestion, use of new technology in the stadium and improved corporate facilities. These include:[46]
Main gate, museum and megastore: Work is planned to be done on the main access to the stadium at 805 Brandsen which will include the construction of a megastore, and to then connect the main access with the store and the club's museum.
Third tier:Remodelling work to install further seating and improve spectator comfort.
Stadium gates: Building work to improve access and prevent crowd congestion is underway. The first phase focuses on improving access to the executive boxes and premium seats. In addition, new software and hardware will improve access control with regard to safety and quickness to prevent crowd congestion.
Creation of a corporate area: Businesses will have an area in the stadium with VIP service. One section in the second tier, is being re-designed with two executive boxes and more comfortable seating. The service will also provide businesses with season tickets to allow them to invite clients. It also includes transportation, museum visits and catering services.
Some scenes of the 1969 film Invasión were shot in the deserted stadium.
The Danish film SuperClásico, has a part filmed in the stadium.
Gaffney, Christopher Thomas. Temples of the Earthbound Gods: Stadiums in the Cultural Landscape of Rio de Janeiro and Buenos Aires. Austin: University of Texas Press, 2008. ISBN 978-0-292-72165-4
List of association football stadiums by capacity
"La Bombonera | El club". bocajuniors.com.ar (in Spanish). CA Boca Juniors. Retrieved 10 June 2018.
"Ranking the Top 10 Most Iconic Stadiums in World Football". 12 April 2013.
Ben Groundwater (20 September 2010). "Want to get to know a country? Head for the stadium". The Age. Fairfax Media. Retrieved 26 April 2013.
"10 Intimidating Stadiums (Worldwide)". mifielddynamo.com. Retrieved 2008-11-07.
"Buenos Aires: In a liga of its own". The Independent. 27 January 2007. Archived from the original on 2008-01-18. Retrieved 2008-11-07.
"Some of the world's scariest places to play or watch football". BBC News. Retrieved 11 November 2018.
50 Sports Venues to Visit Before You Die, Bleacher Report, 26 Sep 2012
Boca v. River, un espectáculo internacional, La Nación 15 Apr 2004
«La Bombonera» inspira temor, Página/12
Un día en el fútbol argentino, Diario Marca
Marca y un día con la Doce
La mítica Bombonera, como nunca antes la habías visto
España, rendida a los pies de La Bombonera
Así es La Bombonera, Liga BBVA
Estadio copero, una fortaleza
Vuelta por la Boca, Olé, 26 Mar 2015
"La Bombonera" fue declarada de interés deportivo, turístico y cultural de la Ciudad, Parlamentario.com
http://theworldgame.sbs.com.au/article/2008/02/27/brazils-flamengo-has-most-fans-world
Cien años de multitud: El período amateur (1905–1930) by Horacio D. Rosatti – Ed. Galerna, 2008 – ISBN 9789505565405
"Breve historia de la isla Demarchi" on La Nación, 30 Ago 2012
"La Pasion Boca-Boca and their stadiums" (in Spanish). Lapasiondeboca.com. Archived from the original on 5 March 2012. Retrieved 5 May 2013.
"La Bombonera" on Planeta Boca Juniors
Memoria y balance de la AFA 1934 - Pág. 101
El arquitecto olvidado, Página/12, 11 Apr 2010
Juniors 2 - Newell's 0 on Historia de Boca
El León de la defensa Archived 2009-02-16 at the Wayback Machine on Museo Boquense
"The Stadium". Club Atlético Boca Juniors. Archived from the original on 2008-07-04. Retrieved 2008-11-07.
Boca Juniors 1 - Hajduk Split (Yugoslavia) 1 on Historia de Boca
"Boca Juniors y sus estadios". Club Atlético Boca Juniors. Archived from the original on 2013-03-18.
Boca Juniors 3 –– Universidad (Chi) 1
Lo miran por TV by Horacio García on Olé, 21 Jan 2008
Una caja de bombones de regalo, Página/12, 26 Apr 2010
La vida color de Boca, 100 años de una pasión argentina, vol. 1, published by La Nación, March 2005
LA BOMBONERA. UNA HISTORIA DE IDENTIDAD Y MISTICA by Arq. Pablo F. Abbátangelo on Conexion2000.com.ar
Los momentos de Mauricio Macri en Boca que marcaron su perfil político, Infobae.com, 23 Nov 2015
"Fochada de la Bombonera". Bocacampeonweb. Retrieved 2008-11-08.
"La Bombonera". The Stadium Guide. Retrieved 22 March 2013.
"El Estadio: Alberto J. Armando" (in Spanish). Agrupación Nuevo Boca. Archived from the original on 18 February 2013. Retrieved 29 January 2013.
ARGENTINA NATIONAL TEAM ARCHIVE by Héctor D. Pelayes on RSSSF
Neumann, Jeannette (1 May 2008). "In Argentina, fans go wild for Boca Juniors". USA Today. Retrieved 2008-11-07.
"Buenos Aires Attractions - Boca Juniors Stadium and Museum". New York Times. Archived from the original on February 24, 2007. Retrieved 2008-11-07.
"Estadio Boca Juniors Review". Fodor's. Retrieved 2008-11-08.
"El Museo de la Pasión Bocquense" (in Spanish). Club Atlético Boca Juniors. Archived from the original on 2008-11-09. Retrieved 2008-11-08.
"Palermo ya tiene su estatua gigante" Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine Diario La Razón, Fecha: 20/08/2011
El DT más ganador de la historia de Boca fue homenajeado con una pieza que se ubicará en el Museo del club; además, se llevó una réplica en miniatura by Patricio Insúa, La Nación, 7 Oct 2016
"First in the World - Processes that have been certified with the maximum distinction". Club Atlético Boca Juniors. Archived from the original on 2008-05-28. Retrieved 2008-11-07.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Estadio Alberto J. Armando.
Images of La Bombonera
Atmosphere at La Bombonera
Club Atlético Boca Juniors
Established April 3, 1905 (1905-04-03)
Chairmen
Reserves and Academy
Dársena Sud (1905-07)
Isla Demarchi (1908–12)
Wilde (1914-16)
Ministro Brin y Senguel (1916-24)
Brandsen y Del Crucero (1924-38)
Estadio Alberto J. Armando (1940–present)
River Plate (Superclásico)
Chairman: Daniel Angelici
Manager: Gustavo Alfaro
League titles (33)
1969 Nacional
1976 Metropolitano
National cups (12)
1919, 1925 Copa de Competencia Jockey Club
1919, 1923, 1924, 1940, 1944 Copa Ibarguren
1926 Copa Estímulo
1946 Copa de Competencia Británica
1969, 2012, 2015 Copa Argentina
International titles (22)
UEFA / CONMEBOL (3)
1977, 2000, 2003 Intercontinental Cup
CONMEBOL (15)
1977, 1978, 2000, 2001, 2003, 2007 Copa Libertadores
1989 Supercopa Sudamericana
1990, 2005, 2006, 2008 Recopa Sudamericana
1992 Copa Masters
1993 Copa de Oro
2004, 2005 Copa Sudamericana
AFA / AUF (4)
1919 Tie Cup
1919 Copa de Honor Cousenier
1945, 1946 Copa Escobar-Gerona
Women team
Estadio Luis Conde
Website: www.bocajuniors.com.ar
Primera División venues, 2019–20
Alfredo Terrera
Bartolomé Grella
Brigadier López
Carmelo Zerillo
La Ciudadela
Florencio Solá
Gigante de Arroyito
José Amalfitani
Julio Grondona
José M. Minella
Libertadores de América
Monumental de Núñez
Monumental José Fierro
Norberto Tomaghello
Nuevo Gasómetro
Tomás Adolfo Ducó
Único (La Plata)