Author: Anoma Ranaweera, Medical Writer, Auckland, New Zealand. DermNet NZ Editor in Chief: Adjunct A/Prof Amanda Oakley, Dermatologist, Hamilton, New Zealand. Copy edited by Maria McGivern/Gus Mitchell. January 2018.
In July 2017, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved guselkumab (Tremfya™; Janssen Biotech, PA, USA) for the treatment of adults with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis who are candidates for systemic therapy or phototherapy. Guselkumab is the first and only approved biological therapy that selectively blocks only interleukin (IL)-23, a cytokine that plays a key role in plaque psoriasis.
Guselkumab received FDA approval based on results from a clinical development programme that included more than 2,000 patients in the Phase III VOYAGE 1, VOYAGE 2, and NAVIGATE studies.
In September 2017, the European Medicines Agency's Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) adopted a positive opinion recommending marketing authorisation in the European Union for the use of guselkumab in the treatment of adults with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis who are candidates for systemic therapy.
Guselkumab is currently unavailable in New Zealand (as of January 2018).
A total of 1443 patients were randomised to either guselkumab (100 mg at Weeks 0 and 4 and every 8 weeks thereafter), placebo, or adalimumab (80 mg at Week 0 and 40 mg at Week 1, followed by 40 mg every other week thereafter).
Patients had an Investigator's Global Assessment (IGA) score of ≥ 3 (moderate) on a 5-point scale of overall disease severity, a Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) score ≥ 12, and a minimum affected body surface area of 10%.
Patients with guttate, erythrodermic, or pustular psoriasis were excluded.
The two co-primary endpoints were (1) the proportion of individuals who achieved an IGA score of 0 (cleared) or 1 (minimal); and (2) the proportion of subjects who achieved at least a 90% reduction from baseline in PASI composite score (PASI 90).
Both the VOYAGE 1 and 2 trials assessed the responses at Week 16 compared to placebo for the two co-primary endpoints.
Table 1. Efficacy results at Week 16 in adults with plaque psoriasis compared with placebo in VOYAGE 1 and 2.
IGA, Investigator's Global Assessment score; PASI 90, 90% reduction from baseline in Psoriasis Area and Severity Index composite score.
Table 2 presents the results of an analysis of all the North American sites (US and Canada) in the VOYAGE 1 and 2 trials, demonstrating superiority of guselkumab to adalimumab.
To evaluate maintenance and durability of response in VOYAGE 2, patients randomised to guselkumab at Week 0 who were PASI 90 responders at Week 28 were re-randomised to guselkumab every 8 weeks or placebo. At Week 48, 89% of patients who continued treatment with guselkumab maintained PASI 90 compared to 37% who were re-randomised to placebo.
Based on the Psoriasis Symptoms and Signs Diary (PSSD) at Week 16, patients treated with guselkumab showed greater improvements in itch, pain, stinging, burning, and skin tightness compared to placebo, in both VOYAGE 1 and 2 trials. A greater proportion of patients treated with guselkumab compared with adalimumab achieved a PSSD symptom score of 0 (symptom-free) at week 24, in both trials.
Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse event rates observed in the clinical trials may not reflect the rates observed in practice. Table 3 summarises commonly observed adverse events in the VOYAGE 1 and 2 trials.
Elevated liver enzymes were reported more frequently in the guselkumab group (2.6%) than in the placebo group (1.9%). Of the 21 patients who reported elevated liver enzymes in the guselkumab group, all events except one were mild-to-moderate in severity and none of the events led to discontinuation of the drug.
The frequency of AEs was similar to the safety profile observed during the first 16 weeks of treatment.
In this Phase III, randomised, double-blind study, 871 patients received open-label ustekinumab (45 mg or 90 mg) at Weeks 0 and 4.
At Week 16, 268 patients with an inadequate response to ustekinumab IGA ≥ 2) were randomised (double-blind) to guselkumab 100 mg or to continue ustekinumab. 585 out of 871 patients (67%) with IGA response of 0 (cleared) or 1 (minimal) at week 16 continued open-label ustekinumab.
The primary end point was the number of visits at which randomised patients achieved IGA 0/1 and at least a two-grade improvement from Week 28 to Week 40.
Improvement ≥ 90% or 100% in PASI (PASI 90/100) and Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) of score of O or 1 were also assessed.
The mean number of visits at which patients achieved an IGA response of 0 or 1 and at least a two-grade improvement during Weeks 28–40 was significantly greater in the guselkumab group versus the randomised ustekinumab group (1.5 vs. 0.7; p < 0.001).
A greater proportion of patients in the guselkumab group compared with the ustekinumab group achieved an IGA response of 0 or 1 and at least a two-grade improvement at week 28 and week 52.
A greater proportion of patients treated with guselkumab compared with ustekinumab achieved PASI 90, PASI 100, and DLQI score of 0 or 1 at Week 52.
After Week 16, 64.4% of patients in the guselkumab group and 55.6% in the ustekinumab group had at least one AE; infections were the most frequent AE type.
Overall, 6.7% (n = 9) of patients in the guselkumab group had at least one serious AE compared with 4.5% (n = 6) for the ustekinumab group.
Tables 4 and 5 are a summary of the key results and AEs from the NAVIGATE trial.
DLQI, Dermatology Life Quality Index; Investigator's Global Assessment score; PASI 90, 90% reduction from baseline in Psoriasis Area and Severity Index composite score; PSSD, Psoriasis Symptoms and Signs Diary.
Guselkumab has generated encouraging data for efficacy and safety in the treatment of moderate-to-severe chronic plaque psoriasis.
Results from Phase III clinical trials suggest that guselkumab is superior to placebo at Week 16 and is better able to clear or almost clear psoriasis plaques compared with adalimumab. The effects were maintained through Week 48.
Phase III studies of guselkumab report some of the highest PASI 90 rates (at Week 16, 73.3% in VOYAGE 1 and 70.0% in VOYAGE 2) to date. The potential of guselkumab to achieve a PASI 90 response in ≥ 70% of patients suggests that guselkumab may have a significant positive impact on patient's quality of life.
Results from the NAVIGATE trial established that guselkumab, had substantial efficacy in adults with moderate-to-severe psoriasis and was more effective than ustekinumab in patients with an inadequate response to ustekinumab.
Potential reasons for the superior efficacy of guselkumab compared with ustekinumab include the central role of IL-23 in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, a more potent blockade of IL-23 with guselkumab, more frequent and higher dosing with guselkumab, and/or enhanced Th17 responses in the setting of the inhibition of IL-12.
The favorable AE profile of guselkumab observed in Phase III studies suggests that IL-23 may be a more psoriasis-specific cytokine compared to other cytokines such as tumour necrosis factor-alpha and IL-17.
Overall, targeting IL-23, a key cytokine driving various other effector cytokines, may be responsible for the high efficacy and durable responses seen with guselkumab up to Week 48.
Further long-term studies are needed to understand the long-term efficacy and safety of guselkumab.
Blauvelt A, Papp KA, Griffiths CE, et al. Efficacy and safety of guselkumab, an anti-interleukin-23 monoclonal antibody, compared with adalimumab for the continuous treatment of patients with moderate to severe psoriasis: results from the phase III, double-blinded, placebo- and active comparator-controlled VOYAGE 1 trial. J Am Acad Dermatol 2017; 76: 405–17. DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2016.11.041. PubMed.
Reich K, Armstrong AW, Foley P, et al. Efficacy and safety of guselkumab, an anti-interleukin-23 monoclonal antibody, compared with adalimumab for the treatment of patients with moderate to severe psoriasis with randomized withdrawal and retreatment: results from the phase III, double-blind, placebo- and active comparator-controlled VOYAGE 2 trial. J Am Acad Dermatol 2017; 76: 418–31. DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2016.11.042. PubMed.


RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) and small regulatory RNAs have been shown to be important regulatory of gene expression by acting together at post-transcriptional level and influencing several pathways in the cell.
In collaboration with the experimental group of Dr. Benedikt Beckmann at IRI (Humboldt University Berlin) we want to investigate the role of RBPs, as well as sRNAs in Salmonella infection. In order to understand if bacterial sRNAs or RBPs directly influence human targets during the infection process, we first need to identify/annotate such regulatory elements in the Salmonella genome. While some RBPs are known and have been well characterized, the whole repertoire of RBPs in Salmonella, as well as the sRNAs important for pathogenicity, still remain largely uncharacterized.
One of the first goals of the project is to develop a computational pipeline to automatically annotate RBPs, as well as sRNAs in the Salmonella genome making use of gene finding methods, as well as comparative analysis with a related species, E.coli.
A second step would be to investigate if bacterial RBPs contain sequence/structure motifs which are similar to human RBP motifs and are potentially able to mimic human protein functions by competing for binding to human mRNAs and non-coding RNAs.
If you are interested in the Bioinformatics analysis as part of this inter-disciplinary project please contact Prof. Annalisa Marisco.


Hopper's best friend, Dean Stockwell, who starred with him in 'Blue Velvet,' let me watch golf with him while parsing out memories of when he and Hopper went off the deep end in Mexico.
I was walking down a street and after his death and saw a billboard on the side of a brick wall for Van's shoes. It was a picture of Hopper's face, and all it said was, 'Hopper Lives.' So I think he's still part of youth culture. There are lessons to be learned from Hopper about being a young person who wants to live the art life in America.
I always wanted to do a Hollywood story. The thing about actors, though, is that they go through a streak of roles.
I always wanted to do a Hollywood story. The thing about actors, though, is that they go through a streak of roles. The question is, what's in between?
I wasn't an expert or even the biggest Dennis Hopper fan in the world. All I knew about him were through his associations with James Dean and Andy Warhol, the fact that he made 'Easy Rider.' I thought his story would have a really great outlaw literary quality to it.


Mohd Adzim Khalili, R1, Norhayati, A.H2, Rokiah, M.Y3, Asmah, R4, Siti Muskinah, M5, Abdul Manaf, A6.
This study was carried out to evaluate the total phenolic content and anti-oxidant activity of methanolic extract of red pitaya, and hypocholesterolemic effect of red pitaya (Hylocereus sp.) on lipid profiles status on hypercholesterolemia induced rats. From the analysis, total phenolic content in red pitaya is 46.06 ± 1.77 mg GAE/100 g fresh weight and antioxidant activity is 76.10% using FTC method. TBA analysis also showed red pitaya extract had high antioxidant effect (72.90%). An in-vivo study also showed red pitaya has hypocholesterolemic effect on induced hypercholesterolemia rats. After 11 weeks of study, total blood cholesterol significant decrease (p<0.05) in the groups supplement with red pitaya. The total cholesterol (TC) level for group PF1 were reduced from 3.356 mmol/L to 1.707 mmol/L (49.14%), group PF2 reduced from 3.435 mmol/L to 1.487 mmol/L (56.72%) and group PF3 reduced from 3.448 mmol/L to 1.412 mmol/L (59.06%) as compare to baseline respectively. The mean total cholesterol level in both negative (N – 5.12%) and positive controls (group HC – 13.79%) were not significantly different (p<0.05). The mean triglycerides (TG) level for all groups had shown a reduction (p<0.05) with value of 23.87% (group N), 22.674% (group HC), 42.81% (group PF1), 52.82% (group PF2) and 59.52% (group PF3) as compare to baseline levels. The mean HDL level increased by about 2.12% (group N), 19.31% (group PF1), 21.93% (group PF2) and much higher increase in group PF3 (34.42%). The mean LDL decreased by about 39.06% (PF3), 15.10% (PF2), 1.50% (PF1) and 4.33% (group N). The positive control has showed significantly increase with the mean value for 25.68%. In conclusion, all groups that received red pitaya supplementation has high antioxidant properties and showed a good results in managing of lipid profile. It was suggested that the consumption of red pitaya demonstrated the potential to reduce dyslipidemia and play a role in the prevention of cardiovascular disease.


Now with this simple Single Pie Crust recipe in your hands, the store-bought-crust-days are over! I show you how to make perfect buttery, Single Pie Crust with only 6 ingredients, and 1 bowl in just 5 minutes. Fail proof!
You can fill your Single Pie Crust with a wide variety of fillings. Make a sweet apple pie, a pumpkin-spiced pie, a custard pie or even a banana cream pie with meringue. Let your phantasy be rolling.
The most important advice to make Single Pie Crust from scratch is to use ice cold butter. The second most important advice is to keep little butter flakes within the dough. This means that you shouldn't make the dough evenly. When you spot some little bright butter flakes within your Single Pie Crust, it's perfect!
I made Single Pie Crusts literally 1000 times in my life and improved it over the years. This, my dear pal, is the perfect Single Pie Crust you will ever have! This recipe is like a flakier version of a crispy butter cookie.
First of all, whisk flour and salt in a large mixing bowl. Then cut butter into thumb-sized cubes and work it into the flour with a paddle attachment or with your fingers, until it resembles small crumbs. Add sugar, egg yolk, and milk and just mix until it is combined. Let it rest in the fridge for about 1 hour.
Take the dough out of the fridge, roll it out and lay it into an 11-inch round baking form with removable bottom. Put it in the freezer for about 30 minutes. Then you can fill your Single Pie Crust and bake it for about 40 minutes.
You can also bake your Single Pie Crust blind. This means that you line your Single Pie Crust with parchment paper, push it lightly against the bottom and the edges of your Pie Crust and weigh it down with baking balls evenly. Make sure to push your baking balls also to the edges, to avoid that your edges sink up to the bottom throughout baking. When your filling could be brown too much, cover it with parchment paper for the half of your baking time.
OF COURSE, I'll show you some recipes, with using this buttery irresistible Single Pie Crust! Stay tuned!
If you try this buttery Single Pie Crust recipe leave a comment, rate it and tag a photo #alsothecrumbsplease on Instagram! I really need to see what you came up with!
Little butter flakes within the dough! A puff pastry version of a crispy butter cookie!
Whisk flour and salt in a mixing bowl.
Cut butter into a few pieces and work it into the flour with a paddle attachment or with your fingers until it resembles fine crumbs.
Now add sugar, egg yolk, and milk and stir until just combined.
Let your Single Pie Crust rest in the fridge for about 1 hour.
Then roll dough out and place it in an 11-inch round quiche form with removable bottom.
Put the quiche form in the freezer for about 30 minutes.
Fill your Single Pie Crust and let it bake at 175°C (350°F) for about 40 minutes. When your filling could be brown too much, cover your pie with parchment paper for the half of the baking time. You can also bake it blind. In this case, line your Single Pie Crust with parchment paper and press it lightly against the bottom and the edges of your Pie Crust. Then heavy it with baking balls evenly. Make sure that your baking balls will push against your edges to prevent the edges from sinking. Bake it blind for 20 minutes, fill your Crust and let it bake additional 20 minutes.


text:
Olympus Global Image of the Year 2019 winners revealed
Competition demonstrated versatility of fluorescence microscopy in imaging biological samples.
Global prize winner
Olympus has announced the winners of its inaugural Global Image of the Year competition, created to recognize 2019's outstanding life science microscopy images on both artistic and visual merits, along with scientific impact and microscope proficiency.
The judges evaluated over 400 submissions from 65 countries before awarding the global prize to Ainara Pintor, a PhD student at Spain's Basque Center for Biophysics, for her image of an immunostained mouse brain slice imaged with two fluorophores. She named her winning image Neurogarden, as a reflection of the brain's complexity.
Neurogarden was created using a super-resolution confocal microscope system, and shows the immunostaining of a brain slice from a Thy1-EGFP mouse, a transgenic animal bred for such fluorescence microscopy studies. The imaging used two fluorophores, with the excitatory hippocampal neurons expressing a green fluorescent protein, while proteins associated with fat and obesity appear red. Cell nuclei were labelled with a blue stain.
"There are over 70 million neurons in a mouse brain," Pintor explained. "This is an example of what we can observe in the hippocampus of a single brain slice, in this case taken from Thy1 transgenic mice. It's a fantastic feeling that this image will cross borders and be seen all over the world."
In addition to the global award, three regional prize winners were also named. The Americas prize went to Tagide deCarvalho from the University of Maryland, Baltimore County for a fluorescence image showing the inside of a tardigrade.
Alan Prescott of the School of Life Sciences at the University of Dundee won the Europe, Middle East and Africa regional award by imaging a frozen section of the head from a mito-QC mouse, a transgenic animal expressing a pH-sensitive fluorescent mitochondrial signal.
Asia-Pacific regional prize winner
Celebrating art in science
The Asia-Pacific regional prize was given to Howard Vindin from the University of Sydney, for a photo showing the autofluorescence of a mouse embryo, in which the vasculature (red) and structural features of the developing organs, muscles and bones (blue and white) were created from 950 image tiles stitched together. All the Global Image 2019 winners have an established record of microscopy and biophotography expertise behind them.
Olympus created the Global Image of the Year competition as the successor to its Image of the Year European Life Science Light Microscopy Award, which began in 2017 to celebrate both the artistic and scientific value of microscopy images. Moving the contest onto a global scale aims to encourage people to look at scientific images in a new way, according to the company, and to appreciate their beauty while sharing images with others.
Prior to that contest, the Olympus BioScapes Competition ran until 2014, as a showcase for outstanding images and movies of life science subjects captured through light microscopes.
Commenting on the first Global Image competition, Satoshi Nakamura, Vice President Scientific Solutions Global Marketing for Olympus, said: "I'm so impressed by the amazing response to our first Global Image of the Year Award. The creative image submissions embody our contest's mission of celebrating art in science. We hope this competition continues to inspire people to find beauty in an unexpected place, right under their microscope."
More from Photonics World
SPIE names Michael Berns as its 2022 Gold Medal winner
Optical sensing assists orthopedic surgery
SPIE names its 2022 Fellows
Lidar helps goldfish pass driving test
AIM Photonics and Spark Photonics to co-develop 'educational' PIC chip
Olympus Image of the Year
ICFO light-sheet microscopy prototype promises better views of cell dynamics
Olympus says 'hello' to new microscope suite

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
module PerfectQueue

  class Engine
    def initialize(runner, config)
      @runner = runner

      @finish_flag = BlockingFlag.new

      processor_type = config[:processor_type] || :process
      case processor_type.to_sym
      when :process
        @processor_class = Multiprocess::ForkProcessor
      when :thread
        @processor_class = Multiprocess::ThreadProcessor
      else
        raise ConfigError, "Unknown processor_type: #{config[:processor_type].inspect}"
      end

      @processors = []
      restart(false, config)
    end

    attr_reader :processors

    def restart(immediate, config)
      return nil if @finish_flag.set?

      # TODO connection check

      @log = config[:logger] || Logger.new(STDERR)

      num_processors = config[:processors] || 1

      # scaling
      extra = num_processors - @processors.length
      if extra > 0
        extra.times do
          @processors << @processor_class.new(@runner, @processors.size+1, config)
        end
      elsif extra < 0
        (-extra).times do
          c = @processors.shift
          c.stop(immediate)
          c.join
        end
        extra = 0
      end

      @processors[0..(-extra-1)].each {|c|
        c.restart(immediate, config)
      }

      @child_keepalive_interval = (config[:child_keepalive_interval] || config[:child_heartbeat_interval] || 2).to_i

      self
    end

    def run
      @processors.each {|c|
        c.keepalive
        # add wait time before starting processors to avoid
        # a spike of the number of concurrent connections.
        sleep rand*2  # upto 2 second, average 1 seoncd
      }
      until @finish_flag.set?
        @processors.each {|c| c.keepalive }
        @finish_flag.wait(@child_keepalive_interval)
      end
      join
    end

    def stop(immediate)
      @processors.each {|c| c.stop(immediate) }
      @finish_flag.set!
      self
    end

    def join
      @processors.each {|c| c.join }
      self
    end

    def shutdown(immediate)
      stop(immediate)
      join
    end

    def replace(immediate, command=[$0]+ARGV)
      return if @replaced_pid
      stop(immediate)
      @replaced_pid = Process.spawn(*command)
      self
    end

    def logrotated
      @processors.each {|c| c.logrotated }
    end
  end

end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Boston is being threatened by the increasing use of drug. The number of arrests related to drugs is continuously on the rise. It also implies a huge inestimable underground 'black market' of drugs running through the city. Boston's Mayor Raymond Flynn is looking to take the drug problem head-on. He enforced various 'anti-drug' and 'drug-education' programmes but quick and substantial profits were increasing drug-trafficking and attracting illegal drug dealers. This time Mayors policy advisor Neil Sullivan and Marc Zegan initiated a research program to create a plan to 'de-market' the drug in Boston. Harvard Business School's four member field study group came up with a research design and analysis.
The mayor wants to determine what message the city should send to its young people and how it should be packaged and through what delivery channels it should be communication.
The basic objective of the market research is to obtain guidelines on designing an effective communication message. This would be through following sub-objectives: 1) Understanding their motivation for drug use 2) who influences their behaviour 3) which advertisement influences them. Let us now evaluate their approach and findings.


This section of the site outlines some general frequently asked questions and answers on travel to South America and Knowmad trips. For country specific FAQs on travel planning, pre-departure information, pack lists and more visit our sections on Ecuador, Peru and Chile. For post-trip resources visit this page.
Have a question about Ecuador?
Deciding on which Galapagos cruise boat is best for you? Wondering if you need any vaccinations to travel to Ecuador? Find answers to these questions and more in the Ecuador FAQs section.
Have a question about Peru?
Need to know how to get an Inca Trail permit? Or what time of year is best for visiting Machu Picchu? Find answers to these questions and more in the Peru FAQs section.
Have a question about Chile?
Wondering what to pack for a trip to Patagonia? Or how much a Chilean peso is worth in dollars? Find answers to these questions and more in the Chile FAQs section.
What is the travel planning process?
The process is easy. First is a quick call or email exchange that allows us to learn a bit about you and your group (custom trips can be for one or many people). If you have a general idea of where you want to visit that's great, or if you don't know when or where you'd like to travel we will discuss options.
We will learn about how physically active you want to be, how long you may travel, what activities interest you most, and some general info about your travel style and preferences.
With this information we create a 'skeleton' or bare-bones trip flow or two that we send for you to look over, or we suggest a sample itinerary. After sharing with your travel partners we can collaborate on changes, or you may like the general outline of the trip.
From there we will create a detailed custom trip proposal with all suggested activities and lodging provided, as well as exact costing and inclusions. We can collaborate on any desired changes, or you may choose to confirm your trip. This process and detailed custom proposal is free and there is no obligation to confirm your trip.
We are the leader in custom travel to South America, and not only is this process easy, but it results in you having your perfect trip, one that is as dynamic and unique as you are.
How much do Knowmad trips cost?
Knowmad Adventures guarantees that you will not find a similar trip with an equal level of included services at a better price. If you do find a less expensive trip with equal services, we will refund the difference.
As the leading provider of custom trips in South America, we work with a variety of travelers and travel agents throughout the globe, and have the operations and expertise to build trips for a variety of travel styles and budgets.
Does Knowmad build custom trips?
Yes, our business is founded on custom travel. In short, we are experts in the areas in which we offer trips. There's nothing we enjoy more than building a no-obligations, comprehensive custom trip itinerary perfect for your interests, accommodations preferences, budget, etc. We're also happy to revise the itinerary until it's perfect for you. Our sample trips online and in our catalog are great itineraries meant to provide ideas and building blocks. Want a different style hotel? Love to bike but don't see it in a trip that interests you? See an itinerary you like but it's too long? Have you already sketched out an itinerary but want someone to provide top-quality guides, transportation, excursions, and operate it seamlessly? Give us a call and we'll be happy to offer feedback and build the perfect trip for you and your group.
Do you have private or small group trips?
We specialize in private trips, setting up custom itineraries based on your dates, interests and budget. We also have some trips that are offered for specific dates in which you can join a group. These include Inca Trail treks, our Futaleufú Whitewater and Multisport trip, Choquequirao treks and the Machu Picchu Lodge Hike. Please inquire for dates and availability.
We select our exceptional local guides based on knowledge, charisma, experience, and passion for their homeland. They are fluent in English and Spanish and often hold advanced degrees in tourism, anthropology, biology, history or other related fields.
In addition to custom trips which can be tailored to how physically active you'd like to be, our Classic Knowmad itineraries are rated as light, moderate or vigorous.
LIGHT Trips suitable for nearly all ages and ability levels. Walks are generally short and on flat terrain.
MODERATE More active trips that may feature hiking at elevation, kayaking, horseback riding and more. Suitable for most people in good health, these trips may also venture into remote territory and more rugged terrain.
VIGOROUS These trips typically require very good physical condition or pre-existing skills. Expect to be in challenging terrain for long durations.
Do you book airfare and is it included in the trip cost?
Knowmad Adventures does not purchase nor sell airfare. We are here to help you with the process, but ultimately it is your responsibility to purchase flights. We recommend that you purchase flights through flight provider Exito Travel to help make sure that the flights align with your itinerary and are purchased with reputable airlines. Often the best value and most efficient process is that Exito Travel quote your international and regional flights together (this also aids in reducing the risk that flight changes do not negatively impact subsequent flights).
Who travels on your trips?
Knowmad specializes in custom trips to South America and has extensive knowledge and operations throughout the continent. Because of this we can cater to a wide range of ages, nationalities, interests, etc. Our travel community attracts fun, interested, and open-minded people excited to experience their world. Most are North Americans and Europeans ranging from 20 to 80.
Of course not! We can customize an itinerary appropriate for any age, and there's nothing we love more than multiple generation family trips.
When you are in areas without restaurant options meals are included. Often when in cities and areas with choices, we do not include meals or associated costs so that you may choose. Of course we always provide restaurant recommendations for our favorites. All custom trip proposals clearly indicate which meals will be provided and which will not.
Again, we specialize in private, custom travel and have extensive knowledge and discounted rates at 5 star luxury properties as well as offering homestays with indigenous communities. Our preferred properties and those listed as included properties in our sample itineraries range from 3 to 4 star, and generally are locally owned boutique hotels, guesthouses, and adventure lodges.
With advance notice we can accommodate most any dietary restriction.
The best way is to simply give us a call to talk about your trip ideas. We'll share ideas, options, and talk travel. Before you know it we'll have a roadmap or 'skeleton itinerary' laid out, and from there will build you a detailed trip proposal that can be revised if it's not exactly what you're looking for. Booking is just the beginning; you'll receive comprehensive pre-departure documentation and have direct access to your Trip Specialist throughout.
When's the best time to visit South America?
The answer to this question varies from country to country and even region to region, but as a general rule of thumb the seasons in South America are reversed from those north of the equator. During the U.S. and Europe's winter, it's summer in Patagonia and generally the best time to visit the central (including Buenos Aires, Santiago, wine country, and the coast) and southern parts of the continent in Chile & Argentina. Visiting the altiplano and northern desert regions of Chile or Argentina is fine year round, as well as Iguazu falls.
North America and Europe's summer is a great time to visit Peru and Ecuador, as it is the drier time of year there. Spring and fall are also great as precipitation levels will still be low and there will be less visitors. The rainy season is less pronounced in Ecuador and it is suitable year round, as is the Galapagos.
For more in-depth country specific information on weather and when to go, visit our FAQs sections on Ecuador, Peru, and Chile.
What's the best way to get money and pay for things in South America?
Generally it is best to arrive with at least $100 crisp American dollars per person. If you would like to order local currency from your bank ahead of time, that is helpful but you will pay a fee. In most South American countries there are abundant ATMs that will accept Visa or Cirrus affiliated cards, and will distribute local currency at the best exchange rate. If you contact your bank ahead of time they may refund or waive the international ATM fee, generally around $5 USD. Bring two cash cards if you can. Credit cards are often accepted at nice restaurants and shops. Cabs and markets may accept U.S. dollars, but we recommend only having greenbacks as backup funds.
Each country within South America is different. Many use 220-volt electricity, which is different from the U.S. This means a converter is necessary. Some also use different plug types which adapters are needed for. It is best to consult the country specific FAQs page for the countries in which you are traveling.
Can I drink the water in South America?
Generally it is suggested you do not drink the tap water in South America. In Chile, locals do drink the tap water, which is generally safe, however has a higher mineral content than you may be used to causing upset stomachs. On the other hand in Peru for example, most locals do not drink the water and without question you should not either.
What should I pack for my trip to South America?
Beyond open eyes, mind, and your sense of adventure it's entirely up to you, but for advice and guidelines based on weather, local customs, and activity specifics, please visit the country specific FAQs page where you are traveling.
Can I use my cell phone in South America?
Check with your cell phone provider. Each company is different and they can give you the most up-to-date information, although generally charges will be high. Many smart phones or tablets can be put on airplane mode to avoid roaming charges, and can then use hotel wi-fi signals to access internet and email.
What is the best way to communicate with people back home while in South America?
Most hotels have computers and wi-fi internet available. In addition to email, these can also be used for inexpensive internet phone service programs such as Skype if you need to be in contact by phone.
How much should I budget for a South American trip beyond the cost of the trip and international airfare?
This depends greatly on the person and what your trip was built to include in advance. Generally meals and daily expenditures in most South American countries are a bit less than in the U.S. and Europe, however that does not apply to international class restaurants or luxury hotels. For more information about budgeting for your trip outside of pre-booked arrangements, please consult with your Knowmad Trip Specialist.
How much should I tip while on my trip in South America?
Did you just get back from a Knowmad trip to South America and you'd like to tell us about it? Share your photos and more here.


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Police: Missing Broncos fan walked to Pueblo,…
Police: Missing Broncos fan walked to Pueblo, sought warm weather
By Denver Post |
PUBLISHED: October 29, 2014 at 9:08 p.m. | UPDATED: April 24, 2019 at 12:24 p.m.
A Kremmling man who disappeared midway through Thursday's Broncos' game was found safe in Pueblo on Tuesday, telling authorities he walked about 118 miles south and slept outdoors during his journey, hoping to avoid recognition.
Paul Kitterman, 53, became the center of national interest as authorities and those close to him searched far and wide for him. The man's family is now asking for privacy.
"Right now, they report that Paul is exhausted and in a fragile state, both physically and mentally," the family said in a news release issued by the Kremmling Police Department. "At this time, even family and friends do not have the whole story. They are respecting Paul's wishes for personal space and time to process the events of the past five days."
Police in Pueblo, who found the missing man after acting on a tip, said Kitterman told them he had "his fill of football and decided to go for a walk" and that he wanted to walk "to somewhere warmer."
Kitterman told police he walked south.
"Kitterman mentioned sleeping in treed areas and in bushes during his journey to Pueblo and even mentioned disposing of his Broncos hat as he did not want to be recognized," police said.
Kitterman traveled to the Broncos game against the San Diego Chargers at Sports Authority Field last week with his son and friends. During halftime, Kitterman disappeared and was without a credit card and cell phone and was carrying little cash, family says.
Authorities say Kitterman, who said he hadn't been following media reports and wasn't privy to the fact people were searching for him, was found safe and in good condition. Officials arranged a room for Kitterman because he said he was "tired."
Police contacted Kitterman's family who responded to Pueblo to pick him up. Officials say he was found in a Kmart parking lot.
Family posted fliers around Denver seeking information about the missing man, calling his behavior unusual and asking for the public's help in locating him. They also called local hospitals, jails and detox centers.
"We know there are many questions that some of you may have, but for the time being we are asking that you respect there (sic) privacy as they have been through a lot," a family spokesman said in a Facebook post early Wednesday.
Before Kitterman was located, family and friends were organizing with the help of Denver police, to search the Broncos' stadium for him.
The story of Kitterman's disappearance appeared on nearly every national television network and in stories widely reproduced on the Internet.
Denver Post
Colorado health officials "cautiously optimistic" state's omicron surge has peaked
Fort Morgan Library & Museum: Book speed dating event set for Feb. 9
When am I protected from surprise medical bills? Answers about Colorado law and new federal No Surprises Act


Watch High Life (2018) : Full Movie Online FREE HD Monte and his baby daughter are the last survivors of a damned and dangerous mission to the outer reaches of the solar system. They must now rely on each other to survive as they hurtle toward the oblivion of a black hole.
Who's The Cast on Film High Life 2018??
When High Life to release? ?


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Plan To Build 24-Story, 21-Story Residential Towers On Van Buren In West Loop Approved
The developer plans to build 401 apartments in a 21-story tower at 1050 W. Van Buren and 24-story tower at 1125 W. Van Buren.
7:55 AM CST on Dec 17, 2018
The 24-story building along 1125 Van Buren, which falls within a transit-oriented development site, will offer a ground floor retail space and 200 resident units with seven parking spaces.
Provided by Antunovich Associates
Indicates that a Newsmaker/Newsmakers was/were physically present to report the article from some/all of the location(s) it concerns.
WEST LOOP — A developer's plan to build a pair of residential towers on Van Buren just north of the Eisenhower Expy. was approved by City Council last week.
Developer Tandem Partners received approval from aldermen Wednesday on plans to build 401 apartments and retail space in two towers at 1050 and 1125 W. Van Buren St.
Under the approved plans, a 21-story, 250-foot-tall building at 1050 W. Van Buren St. will include 201 apartments and 69 parking spaces. A 24-story, 265-foot-tall building at 1125 W. Van Buren St. will include 200 apartments and seven parking spaces.
The proposed 1125 W. Van Buren building is within 410 feet of a CTA station, qualifying the project as a Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) project with a reduced parking requirement.
Forty-five affordable units will be built on-site across the two buildings, and the developer will pay $2.69 million into the Affordable Housing Opportunity Fund, and $1.63 million into the Neighborhood Opportunity Fund.
The Plan Commission unanimously approved the plan last month.
Credit: Provided by Antunovich Associates
The building at 1050 W. Van Buren will offer a ground floor retail space with 201 residential units and 69 parking spaces.
Demolition of the 1050 W. Van Buren St. site is expected to begin in 2019.
Construction on 1125 W. Van Buren is expected to be completed in the fall of 2021. The 1050 W. Van Buren tower is expected to be done in early 2023.
Tandem Partners have agreed to allow West Loop residents to create a community garden at the 1050 W. Van Buren site during the 2019 spring and summer season.
RELATED: West Loop Community Garden Could Expand To Second Vacant Lot In 2019
The project was first introduced in July.
RELATED: Here's What The Proposed Van Buren Apartment Towers In West Loop Could Look Like
During a community meeting to discuss the projects, some West Loop residents said they were concerned the tower would make the booming West Loop even more crowded.
At the time, May Toy, president of the Skinner West Park Advisory Council, said the project does not sufficiently address congestion that would come with the influx of more residents.
"I think this area is getting too dense," Toy said.
Architectural firm Antunovich Associates designed the projects.
Pilsen, Little Village and West Loop reporter mauricio@blockclubchi.org
Tandem Partners


Provides extension methods for error page.
UseErrorPage(IAppBuilder) Captures synchronous and asynchronous exceptions from the pipeline and generates HTML error responses.
UseErrorPage(IAppBuilder, ErrorPageOptions) Captures synchronous and asynchronous exceptions from the pipeline and generates HTML error responses.


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La rocca di Belvedere, nota anche come castello di Rusino o castello di Moragnano, era un maniero medievale, i cui resti sorgono tra le piccole frazioni di Rusino e Moragnano, all'interno del comune di Tizzano Val Parma, in provincia di Parma.

Storia
Si ipotizza che dalla zona in cui sorge la rocca abbia avuto origine, nell'XI secolo, la nobile famiglia dei Da Moragnano, che furono vassalli degli Obertenghi e ebbero il proprio storico feudo a Nasseta, oggi nel comune di Collagna.

La rocca fu probabilmente edificata nei primi anni del XV secolo per volere di Ottobuono de' Terzi, signore di Tizzano, quale presidio fortificato sulla val d'Enza.

Nel 1409, in seguito all'uccisione del condottiero, il castello di Rusino fu occupato dal marchese Odoardo Pallavicino e subito dopo dal marchese di Ferrara Niccolò III d'Este.

Dopo la cessione di Parma in cambio di Reggio Emilia nel 1420 al duca di Milano Filippo Maria Visconti, quest'ultimo nel 1441 investì nuovamente del feudo di Belvedere i conti Guido e Giberto Terzi.

Nel 1447 il Comune di Parma affidò direttamente la gestione del territorio, comprendente le località di Rusino, Moragnano, Vezzano, Groppizioso, Lalatta, Treviglio e Musiara, al podestà Antonio Caviceo.

Sul finire del 1448 Jacopo Vallisneri, in seguito alla distruzione del castello del Castellaro a opera del Comune di Parma, attaccò e conquistò la rocca, per poi cederla spontaneamente ad Alessandro Sforza nel 1450, dopo che questi conquistò la città di Parma; nello stesso anno il duca Francesco Sforza elevò il feudo al rango di contea e lo assegnò ancora ai Terzi, che ricevettero conferma dell'investitura nove anni dopo.

Nel 1479 il maniero fu assediato dal conte di Caiazzo Roberto Sanseverino d'Aragona, ma l'assalitore fu costretto a desistere.

Nel 1518 la rocca fu nuovamente assediata, questa volta dal bandito reggiano Domenico Amorotto, che non riuscì nell'impresa.

Nel 1666 il marchese Scipione I de' Rossi, oberato dai debiti contratti per rientrare in possesso della contea di San Secondo, fu costretto a cedere alla Camera Ducale di Parma tutte le rocche appenniniche in suo possesso. Il feudo di Belvedere fu in seguito assegnato ai conti Camuti; nel 1790 il conte Giuseppe lo cedette, in cambio di alcune terre a Ronchetti di San Secondo, al conte Pietro Andrea Leggiadri Gallani, che ne mantenne i diritti fino al 1805, quando i decreti napoleonici sancirono la loro abolizione nell'ex ducato di Parma e Piacenza.

Agli inizi del XX secolo dell'antico castello rimaneva soltanto una torre in rovina, che fu rinforzata strutturalmente; gli ambienti interni furono inoltre svuotati dai detriti.

Descrizione
Dell'antico castello rimane oggi soltanto una torre mozzata, parzialmente recuperata agli inizi del XX secolo eliminando le parti in pericolo di crollo.

La massiccia struttura in pietra, sviluppata su una pianta quadrata, è caratterizzata dalla presenza di piccole feritoie e dello stretto portale d'ingresso ad arco a tutto sesto, chiuso da cancello.

Note

Bibliografia

Voci correlate
 Rusino
 Terzi di Sissa
 Pallavicino
 Estensi
 Rossi di Parma

Altri progetti

Rusino
Architetture di Tizzano Val Parma
Residenze dei Terzi
Residenze dei Rossi

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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ShopBaia Main Collections Info / News FAQ / Site Help Contact Us Johnson, Kevin, (The Influencer) Your cart (0)
Home > Original Art Only > Johnson, Kevin, (The Influencer)
Johnson, Kevin, (The Influencer)
"The Influencer" by Kevin Johnson
24 x 30 inches acrylic on gallery wrapped canvas (2020) -- unframed
Kevin Johnson is a Colorado-based painter, concept artist, graphic designer, sculptor, and animator known for his striking employment of vibrant colors and depictions of everyday people progressing, evolving through life. A native of Louisville, Kentucky, Johnson pulls his images from childhood memories, life experiences, and his active imagination, with friends and family inspiring several works. Primarily working in acrylic but known to "dive into oil paint from time to time," Johnson paints positive figures and images, ones that leave us hopeful, enchanted, inspired.
"I love using bright colors and painting images of people and how they move through life. It's amazing, to me, how we can change from day to day."
A retired 21-year member of the U.S. Army who actively served in Iraq and Afghanistan, Johnson graduated with a B.S. in computer animation from Full Sail University before returning to school to study media design. Mentored by contemporary figurative artist, LaShun Beal, Johnson also studied under world-renowned fine artist and illustrator, Thomas Blackshear, for seven years. His gallery appearances include shows at Colorado's Southwinds Fine Art Gallery, G44 Gallery, Bella Art Gallery, and the Beauty of Blackness Fine Art Show. In late February 2021, Johnson's art was included in the historic reopening of the Houston Museum of African American Culture (HMAAC) as part of the exhibition, Fresh and Contemporary: Moving Forward.
Johnson, whose work has been purchased by the likes of celebrity collector and former NBA baller, Grant Hill, lives in Colorado Springs with his wife and six children.
Thompson, Khalif, (Mommy)
Ballard, Lavett, (All About Love)
Driskell, David C., (Purple Door For Vince)
Hunt, George, (Born To See Things)
Dorsey, Najee, (Soul Rebel)
Lovell, Gerald, (Jemel)
Dorsey, Najee, (Return to Eden #1)
Thompson, Khalif, (Baubles, Bangles and Beads)


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Laurenda Daniells in her own write
In 1970, Laurenda Daniells became the first University Archivist at UBC. She remains UBC's University Archivist Emerita. Married to Roy Daniells, head of UBC's English Department, she raised two daughters during the 1950s and 60s in one of the earliest 'West Coast Modern' homes built on the University Endowment Lands at the dawn of the baby boom generation. In 2016, Laurenda Daniells published Royal Blood: A Memoir (Paper Trail $22.95), a collection of short stories that reflect the life of a Canadian woman born in Winnipeg (1923), with ancestors who include the daughter of an Okanagan chief that married fur trader/author Alexander Ross. Their son, James Ross, started a newspaper, became a lawyer and eventually was a Minister of Justice in the Louis Riel government. After marrying Roy Daniells, Laurenda moved to Vancouver. Her stories of starting UBC's archive range from political — getting administrators, faculty members and librarians on her side — to hair-raising when she had to track down a would-be thief of a tape recorder and tape (of whale songs) that belonged to the archives, which she later found in a hippie house in Kitsilano. 978-0-9949303-0-9
Kraków, Poland, in 2011. Photo credit: K. Marczak.
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« The partisan calculus behind the national popular vote | Main | The American housing crisis »
The beginning of the end of Venecuba was in 2007
Venezuela has a special relationship with Cuba. The number of Cuban officials who can be found throughout the Bolivarian government is quite astounding, as is the volume of financial aid that Venezuela grants its Cuban partner. Moisés Naím has a good piece on it at the Financial Times, although it relies too much on a qualitative picture for my taste.
There are two things to note about "Venecuba," as Hugo Chávez once called the alliance.
The first is that the two countries reached the current level of integration fairly early, around 2008. Evidence? One estimate for 2008 is that transfers to Cuba came to $5.6 billion in payments for Cuban officials working inVenezuela and $2.5 billion in subsidies for oil sold at $27 per barrel. (See page 109.) For 2010, the same source estimated the value of the same two transfers at $5.4 billion for personnel and $2.8 billion for oil. (See also here.) That is not a big change.
Ernesto Hernández-Catás (using a different methodology) gets the same result: not a whole lot of change in net Venezuelan transfers (in billions of current US$) after 2008:
The more qualitative reports of Cuban officials operating inside the Venezuelan state are harder to measure. But it should be noted that the U.S. was worried about Cuban influence in the foreign ministry and the Cuban presence in Venezuelan ports in 2008. Juan José Rabilero, the coordinator of Cuba's Committees for the Defense of the Revolution, boasted, "We have over 30,000 members of Cuba's Committees for the Defence of the Revolution in Venezuela" ... in 2007.
In short, the Cuban-Venezuelan relationship reached its peak around 2007-08. That is not to say that the relationship isn't an astoundingly tight one. It is. It is to say that it hasn't gotten much tighter since '08.
The second thing to note about Venecuba is that there was a lot of talk of deeper union in 2007. The State Department noted this in an internal cable. The political benefits of greater institutionalization were obvious. It would secure Cuba's access to Venezuelan resources and make it easier for President Chávez to call on Cuban support to help him cement his control over Venezuela. Randy McDonald discussed the idea here.
So what happened? One possibility is that plans to institutionalize the Venecuban links were just hot air. That was true of a lot of Hugo Chávez's initiatives.
But that isn't what happened. What happened was that Chávez put the possibility of a federation before the Venezuelan people in 2007 and got beat at the ballot box. Here's the story. Chávez proposed a series of constitutional amendments to the National Assembly in 2007. In the Assembly, his party added a series of additional amendments. (This almost certainly occured under the supervision of the executive branch.) Among them were reforms to Articles 152 and 153.
The original text of both articles read as follows:
Article 152: The international relations of the Republic serve the ends of the State as a function of the exercise of sovereignty and the interests of the people; they are governed by the principles of independence, equality between States, free self-determination and non-intervention in their internal affairs, the peaceful resolution of international conflicts, cooperation, respect of human rights and solidarity among peoples in the struggle for their liberation and the welfare of humanity. The Republic shall maintain the finest and most resolute defense of these principles and democratic practices in all international organs and institutions.
Article 153: The Republic shall promote and encourage Latin American and Caribbean integration, in the interest of advancing the creation of a community of nations, defending the region's economic, social, cultural, political and environmental interests. The Republic shall have the power to sign international treaties that implement and coordinate efforts to promote the common development of our nations, and to ensure the welfare of their peoples and the collective security of their inhabitants. To these ends, the Republic may transfer to supranational organizations, through treaties, the exercise of the necessary authorities to carry out these integration processes. In its policies of integration and union with Latin America and the Caribbean, the Republic shall give privileged status to relations with Iberoamerican countries, striving to make this a common policy throughout our Latin America. Provisions adopted within the framework of integration agreements shall be regarded as an integral part of the legal order in force, and shall be applicable directly and with priority over internal legislation.
The new versions would have read:
Article 152: The international relations of the Republic are based on the full exercise of the sovereignty of the Venezuelan state and are governed by the principles of: political independence, equality of States, self-determination and non-intervention in internal affairs, the peaceful resolution of international conflicts, defense and respect of human rights and solidarity among peoples in the fight for their emancipation and the welfare of humanity. The Republic shall develop the finest and most resolute defense of these principles in international organs and institutions, fostering their permanent democratization for the construction of a just and balanced order. The foreign policy of the Republic shall be actively oriented towards the construction of a multipolar world, free from the hegemony of any imperialist, colonialist, or neocolonialist power center. In order to guarantee that this article be carried out, the Foreign Service is declared a strategic activity of the State. Its organization and functioning will be established by law.
Article 153: The Republic shall promote the integration, Confederation, and Union of Latin America and the Caribbean with the aim of configuring a great regional political, economic, and social power bloc. In order to obtain this objective, the State will favor the construction of new models of integration and union across our continent, to permit the creation of a geopolitical space within which the peoples and governments of our America shall construct a single supranational project, which Simón Bolívar called "A Nation of Republics." The Republic may sign treaties and international conventions based on the broadest political, social, economic and cultural cooperation, supranational productive complementarity, solidarity, and fair trade.
In practical terms I cannot make heads-or-tails of either article ... but as a statement of principle the reform is clear. The original version committed the Bolivarian Republic to defending motherhood in article 152 and enabled the construction of something like the European Union in Article 153. The new version changed that. Article 152 now committed the country to an effectively anti-American foreign policy. Article 153 declared the aim of uniting as much of Latin America as possible into an anti-American confederation.
At the time the reform of Articles 152 and 153 was seen as part of the Venecuba trial balloon.
Anyway, the Venezuelan electorate narrowly defeated the reform at the polls. These reforms were not the main reason for the loss, of course, but President Chávez decided that he had pushed de jure union with Cuba as far as it could go. He had also pushed the de facto alliance as far as possible. And that was the end of that.
But not of Cuban involvement in Venezuela, for better or for worse. To be perfectly frank, I believe that the Cuban presence is both very large and largely inconsequential.
Posted at 12:36 AM in Caribbean, Constitutions, Cuba, Revolución Bolivariana, Venezuela | Permalink
I'd be interested in what you thought from the Cuban perspective as well. I'm also wondering whether the anticipated/actual change of US president also helped initiate/affected this relationship.
Posted by: shah8 | April 24, 2014 at 02:21 PM


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Home / Artists / Isaac Bignell / Afternoon Flight
Afternoon Flight
The Cree painter, Isaac Bignell, grew up at the junction of the Saskatchewan and Pasquia Rivers, four hundred miles north of Winnipeg Manitoba. His community had been a meeting place for early aboriginal peoples for thousands of years.
Isaac said, " I was brought up to live off the land…to hunt, trap and live in harmony with the earth. That life taught me to respect animals and the spirit and power of nature. My art is strongly influenced by the traditional ways of my people."
Primarily a self-taught painter Isaac worked through various techniques until he developed a distinct fluid style that speaks of the spiritual foundation behind the imagery.
He also loved to dance and was associated with numerous native drum and dance groups. He was quoted as saying, "I hoop-dance and sing Pow Wows to maintain my cultural heritage. Through art and dancing, I attempt to influence Native people to continue their cultural ways; the gift that was given to us by the Great Spirit."
Isaac Bignell died at the age of 35 years from the effects of a concussion after falling down a flight of stairs. He was the devoted father of three.
SKU: big00123 Categories: First Nations Art, Isaac Bignell
Conjurors
Spiritual Forever
Beaver Call
Winter Fire
Mother Earth Loving Her Children
Zha-wa-noog
Wa-bum-noog
Unity Forever


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The AFI DOCS Interview: LINDA RONSTADT: THE SOUND OF MY VOICE With Directors Rob Epstein and Jeffrey Friedman – American Film Institute
The AFI DOCS Interview: LINDA RONSTADT: THE SOUND OF MY VOICE With Directors Rob Epstein and Jeffrey Friedman
LINDA RONSTADT: THE SOUND OF MY VOICE plays as part of the Anthem program at AFI DOCS at the Landmark E Street Cinema in Washington DC on Thursday, June 20 and at the AFI Silver Theatre in Silver Spring, MD on Sunday, June 23. Directors Rob Epstein and Jeffrey Friedman will be in attendance.Buy tickets to the screening here.
With her dynamic voice, Linda Ronstadt became a superstar pop artist during the male-dominated music industry of the 1970s. Esteemed filmmakers Rob Epstein and Jeffrey Friedman chronicle Ronstadt's trailblazing success, from her early days on the folk music scene to her sold-out stadium concerts and the sisterhood she created through music.
Ronstadt began performing solo after breaking into music with the Stone Poneys. Through rocking archival footage and rare photos, Ronstadt shares the challenges of showbusiness and her creative interests in exploring other music genres including opera, country and Mexican folk. Featuring interviews with Dolly Parton, Bonnie Raitt, Emmylou Harris and Don Henley, LINDA RONSTADT: THE SOUND OF MY VOICE is a portrait of a strong and talented woman that gave voice to a generation.
Rob Epstein and Jeffrey Friedman's work as directors, writers, producers and editors has been honored with two Academy Awards®, five Emmy® Awards and three Peabody Awards. They have had retrospectives at London Institute of Contemporary Art, Taipei International Film Festival, Cinémathéque Québécoise and Zurich Pink Apple Film Festival. We spoke with Epstein and Friedman about their latest work.
AFI: What led you to pursue documentary filmmaking?
JF: I began my film career as an assistant film editor on both nonfiction and fiction feature films. They both interested me in different ways. Fiction was magical, creating the illusion of real life from whole cloth. Documentaries had a different magic, distilling bits of real life into a coherent dramatic narrative — most of which happened in the editing room. Creatively, this felt challenging and satisfying. The subjects of the documentaries I worked on felt more urgent, more relevant to my experience and more engaged with real-world issues.
RE: While I was in college, I had little notion of what I wanted to study or why. I took a leave of absence to explore alternative creative pathways. This led me to take a filmmaking class at San Francisco State University, while simultaneously snagging a gig as a production assistant on a documentary in its early stages of production. This project would eventually become the landmark documentary WORD IS OUT, the first documentary about being LGBT in America, made by a collective of LGBT filmmakers (of which I was a part). Finding my way into nonfiction filmmaking opened up something within my own creative self, and it gave me the opportunity to speak to the world about matters of importance.
AFI: How did you become interested in making a documentary about Linda Ronstadt? What inspired you to tell it?
RE: I've long been a fan of Linda Ronstadt. My first record was a 45 single of her hit "Different Drum." Decades later, while driving in my car, I heard Linda on the NPR show Fresh Air being interviewed by Terry Gross, after the publication of her memoir Simple Dreams. I was taken by her intelligence, and her down-to-earthness, and the way in which she spoke of her own musical career as a self-taught singer and musician. I read the book and immediately thought "this should be a film" — and it should be in her voice, like her direct and honest first-person literary voice.
JF: Reading Linda's memoir Simple Dreams, I was impressed and inspired by her devotion to her craft and by her artistic restlessness. It's the story of a phenomenally successful artist whose success seemed to grow organically out of her love of music — rather than out of a yearning for fame or fortune that seems to motivate people today.
AFI: How did you find and connect with Linda for the film?
RE: My computer guy was making a house call to tend to my computer and noticed Linda's book Simple Dreams on my desk in my home office. "Linda Ronstadt is a client of mine too," he said. And that's how we made the first approach. Jeffrey and I invited Linda to lunch — we all live in San Francisco — and presented her with our ideas and approach. At first, she was reluctant to even entertain the idea of a film. She said, "No one is going to want to see this. No one is going to want to fund it." But eventually she came around. And then we got an out-of-the-blue call from producer James Keach, who said CNN Films was interested in doing a Linda Ronstadt project, and he heard we had the rights to her book. Once James came on board, the project took off.
AFI: What was a particular hurdle you faced while making the documentary?
JF: Linda didn't write her own songs, so each of the songs had to be cleared with different rights-holders. This ended up being less onerous than it might have, thanks to the love and respect Linda engenders in artists she's worked with and songwriters whose music she sang.
RE: Unfortunately, Linda has Parkinson's Disease now, so her participation had to be extremely limited. But we were able to accomplish what we set out to do, which is to have her tell her own story, in her own voice, by threading together interviews she did over the course of five decades to create a first-person perspective.
AFI: What do you want audiences to walk away with after screening your film?
JF: I'd like for viewers to take away an appreciation of Linda Ronstadt as an artist with astonishing talent and range.
RE: And also realize how much of a pioneer she was, coming through the gauntlet of superstardom undamaged as a human being, with her humanity intact.
AFI: Why is Washington, DC an important place to screen your film?
RE: Linda Ronstadt is an American pop icon, so where better to celebrate than the nation's capital?
AFI: Why are documentary films still crucial in today's world?
RE: This is a golden age for documentary for a whole complex of reasons —means of production are more accessible to a wider cross-section of artists, audiences are hungry for authenticity and streaming services have created new funding opportunities and distribution platforms. All of this is good news.
JF: As the very notion of truth is daily battered and bruised, documentaries can offer a way of understanding the world in a deeper, more nuanced way. They can also mislead and manipulate. A lot depends on the intellectual honesty of the filmmakers, as well as the capacity for critical thinking on the part of media consumers.
Buy tickets to LINDA RONSTADT: THE SOUND OF MY VOICE here.
If I ever loved a woman I never met – it was you. You have touched my heart through your music so many times. Your courage in facing your current limitations is inspiring. You will always be with me.
Jim Alden
Linda, Since the mid 70s, your voice has been in my heart. I have just listened to my 2 favorite albums, Hasten Down the Wind and Prisoner in Disguise for perhaps the 1000th time in 40 years, and you still move me to tears. The movie was incredible, inspiring, and has made my husband and I love you all the more. Thank you for everything. Like the previous comment said, If I ever loved a woman I never met…it was you! Thank you.
Jeffrey Friedman
Rob EPstein
February 2, 2022 AFI FEST 2022 Announces Dates
September 6, 2021 AFI Movie Club: HARLAN COUNTY U.S.A.
June 28, 2021 AFI DOCS Announces 2021 Award Winners


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First Council of Constantinople
Date 381
Convoked by Emperor Theodosius I
Next council Council of Ephesus
Accepted by Assyrian Church of the East Eastern Orthodox Oriental Orthodox Roman Catholics
Previous council First Council of Nicaea
President Timothy of Alexandria, Meletius of Antioch, Gregory Nazianzus, and Nectarius of Constantinople
The First Council of Constantinople (Ancient Greek: Κωνσταντινούπολις Konstantinoúpolis) was a council of Christian bishops convened in Constantinople in AD 381 by the Roman Emperor Theodosius I. This second ecumenical council, an effort to attain consensus in the church through an assembly representing all of Christendom, confirmed the Nicene Creed, expanding the doctrine thereof to produce the Niceno–Constantinopolitan Creed, and dealt with sundry other matters. It met from May to July 381 in the Church of Hagia Irene and was affirmed as ecumenical in 451 at the Council of Chalcedon.
Theological context
Geopolitical context
See of Constantinople
The proceedings
Dispute concerning the third canon
Niceno Constantinopolitan Creed
Shift of influence from Rome to Constantinople
Liturgical Commemorations
When Theodosius ascended to the imperial throne in 380, he began on a campaign to bring the Eastern Church back to Nicene Christianity. Theodosius wanted to further unify the entire empire behind the orthodox position and decided to convene a church council to resolve matters of faith and discipline. Gregory Nazianzus was of similar mind, wishing to unify Christianity. In the spring of 381 they convened the Second Ecumenical Council in Constantinople.
The Council of Nicaea in 325 had not ended the Arian controversy which it had been called to clarify. Arius and his sympathizers, e.g. Eusebius of Nicomedia were admitted back into the church after ostensibly accepting the Nicene creed. Athanasius, bishop of Alexandria, the most vocal opponent of Arianism, was ultimately exiled through the machinations of Eusebius of Nicomedia. After the death of Constantine I in 337 and the accession of his Arian-leaning son Constantius II, open discussion of replacing Nicene creed itself began. Up until about 360, theological debates mainly dealt with the divinity of the Son, the second person of the Trinity. However, because the Council of Nicaea had not clarified the divinity of the Holy Spirit, the third person of the Trinity, it became a topic of debate. The Macedonians denied the divinity of the Holy Spirit. This was also known as Pneumatomachianism.
Nicene Christianity also had its defenders: apart from Athanasius, the Cappadocian Fathers' Trinitarian discourse was influential in the council at Constantinople. Apollinaris of Laodicea, another pro-Nicene theologian, proved controversial. Possibly in an over-reaction to Arianism and its teaching that Christ was not God, he taught that Christ consisted of a human body and a divine mind, rejecting Christ having a human mind. He was charged with confounding the persons of the Godhead, and with giving into the heretical ways of Sabellius. Basil of Caesarea accused him of abandoning the literal sense of the scripture, and taking up wholly with the allegorical sense. His views were condemned in a Synod at Alexandria, under Athanasius of Alexandria, in 362, and later subdivided into several different heresies, the main ones of which were the Polemians and the Antidicomarianites.
Theodosius' strong commitment to Nicene Christianity involved a calculated risk because Constantinople, the imperial capital of the Eastern Empire, was solidly Arian. To complicate matters, the two leading factions of Nicene Christianity in the East, the Alexandrians and the supporters of Meletius in Antioch, were "bitterly divided ... almost to the point of complete animosity".
The bishops of Alexandria and Rome had worked over a number of years to keep the see of Constantinople from stabilizing. Thus, when Gregory was selected as a candidate for the bishopric of Constantinople, both Alexandria and Rome opposed him because of his Antiochene background.
The incumbent bishop of Constantinople was Demophilus, a Homoian Arian. On his accession to the imperial throne, Theodosius offered to confirm Demophilus as bishop of the imperial city on the condition of accepting the Nicene Creed; however, Demophilus refused to abandon his Arian beliefs, and was immediately ordered to give up his churches and leave Constantinople. After forty years under the control of Arian bishops, the churches of Constantinople were now restored to those who subscribed to the Nicene Creed; Arians were also ejected from the churches of other cities in the Eastern Roman Empire thus re-establishing Christian orthodoxy in the East.
There ensued a contest to control the newly recovered see. A group led by Maximus the Cynic gained the support of Patriarch Peter of Alexandria by playing on his jealousy of the newly created see of Constantinople. They conceived a plan to install a cleric subservient to Peter as bishop of Constantinople so that Alexandria would retain the leadership of the Eastern Churches. Many commentators characterize Maximus as having been proud, arrogant and ambitious. However, it is not clear the extent to which Maximus sought this position due to his own ambition or if he was merely a pawn in the power struggle. In any event, the plot was set into motion when, on a night when Gregory was confined by illness, the conspirators burst into the cathedral and commenced the consecration of Maximus as bishop of Constantinople. They had seated Maximus on the archiepiscopal throne and had just begun shearing away his long curls when the day dawned. The news of what was transpiring quickly spread and everybody rushed to the church. The magistrates appeared with their officers; Maximus and his consecrators were driven from the cathedral, and ultimately completed the tonsure in the tenement of a flute-player.
The news of the brazen attempt to usurp the episcopal throne aroused the anger of the local populace among whom Gregory was popular. Maximus withdrew to Thessalonica to lay his cause before the emperor but met with a cold reception there. Theodosius committed the matter to Ascholius, the much respected bishop of Thessalonica, charging him to seek the counsel of Pope Damasus I.
Damasus' response repudiated Maximus summarily and advised Theodosius to summon a Council of Bishops for the purpose of settling various Church issues such as the schism in Antioch and the consecration of a proper bishop for the see of Constantinople. Damasus condemned the translation of bishops from one see to another and urged Theodosius to "take care that a bishop who is above reproach is chosen for that see."
Thirty-six Pneumatomachians arrived but were denied admission to the council when they refused to accept the Nicene creed.
Since Peter, the bishop of Alexandria, was not present, the presidency over the Council was given to Meletius as bishop of Antioch. The first order of business before the Council was to declare the clandestine consecration of Maximus invalid, and to confirm Theodosius' installation of Gregory Nazianzus as Bishop of Constantinople. When Meletius died shortly after the opening of the council, Gregory was selected to lead the Council.
The Egyptian and Macedonian bishops who had supported Maximus's ordination arrived late for the Council. Once there, they refused to recognise Gregory's position as head of the church of Constantinople, arguing that his transfer from the See of Sasima was canonically illegitimate because one of the canons of the Council of Nicaea had forbidden bishops to transfer from their sees.
McGuckin describes Gregory as physically exhausted and worried that he was losing the confidence of the bishops and the emperor. Ayres goes further and asserts that Gregory quickly made himself unpopular among the bishops by supporting the losing candidate for the bishopric of Antioch and vehemently opposing any compromise with the Homoiousians.
Rather than press his case and risk further division, Gregory decided to resign his office: "Let me be as the Prophet Jonah! I was responsible for the storm, but I would sacrifice myself for the salvation of the ship. Seize me and throw me... I was not happy when I ascended the throne, and gladly would I descend it." He shocked the Council with his surprise resignation and then delivered a dramatic speech to Theodosius asking to be released from his offices. The emperor, moved by his words, applauded, commended his labor, and granted his resignation. The Council asked him to appear once more for a farewell ritual and celebratory orations. Gregory used this occasion to deliver a final address (Or. 42) and then departed.
Nectarius, an unbaptized civil official, was chosen to succeed Gregory as president of the council.
Seven canons, four of these doctrinal canons and three disciplinary canons, are attributed to the Council and accepted by both the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Oriental Orthodox Churches; the Roman Catholic Church accepts only the first four because only the first four appear in the oldest copies and there is evidence that the last three were later additions.
The first canon is an important dogmatic condemnation of all shades of Arianism, and also of Macedonianism and Apollinarianism.
The second canon renewed the Nicene legislation imposing upon the bishops the observance of diocesan and patriarchal limits.
The third canon reads:
"The Bishop of Constantinople, however, shall have the prerogative of honour after the Bishop of Rome because Constantinople is New Rome."
The fourth canon decreed the consecration of Maximus as Bishop of Constantinople to be invalid, declaring "that [Maximus] neither was nor is a bishop, nor are they who have been ordained by him in any rank of the clergy". This canon was directed not only against Maximus, but also against the Egyptian bishops who had conspired to consecrate him clandestinely at Constantinople, and against any subordinate ecclesiastics that he might have ordained in Egypt.
The fifth canon might actually have been passed the next year, 382, and is in regard to a Tome of the Western bishops, perhaps that of Pope Damasus I.
The sixth canon might belong to the year 382 as well and was subsequently passed at the Quinisext Council as canon 95. It limits the ability to accuse bishops of wrongdoing.
The seventh canon regards procedures for receiving certain heretics into the church.
The third canon was a first step in the rising importance of the new imperial capital, just fifty years old, and was notable in that it demoted the patriarchs of Antioch and Alexandria. Jerusalem, as the site of the first Church, retained its place of honor.
Baronius asserted that the third canon was not authentic, not in fact decreed by the council. Some medieval Greeks maintained that it did not declare supremacy of the Bishop of Rome, but the primacy; "the first among equals", similar to how they today view the Bishop of Constantinople. Throughout the next several centuries, the Western Church asserted that the Bishop of Rome had supreme authority, and by the time of the Great Schism the Roman Catholic Church based its claim to supremacy on the succession of St. Peter. When the First Council of Constantinople was approved, Rome protested the diminished honor to be afforded the bishops of Antioch and Alexandria. The status of these Eastern patriarchs would be brought up again by the Papal Legates at the Council of Chalcedon. Pope Leo the Great, declared that this canon had never been submitted to Rome and that their lessened honor was a violation of the Nicene order. At the Fourth Council of Constantinople (869), the Roman legates asserted the place of the bishop of Rome's honor over the bishop of Constantinople's. After the Great Schism of 1054, in 1215 the Fourth Lateran Council declared, in its fifth canon, that the Roman Church "by the will of God holds over all others pre-eminence of ordinary power as the mother and mistress of all the faithful". Roman supremacy over the whole world was formally claimed by the new Latin patriarch. The Roman correctores of Gratian, insert the words: "canon hic ex iis est quos apostolica Romana sedes a principio et longo post tempore non recipit" ("this canon is one of those that the Apostolic See of Rome has not accepted from the beginning and ever since").
It has been asserted by many that a synod was held by Pope Damasus I in the following year (382) which opposed the disciplinary canons of the Council of Constantinople, especially the third canon which placed Constantinople above Alexandria and Antioch. The synod protested against this raising of the bishop of the new imperial capital, just fifty years old, to a status higher than that of the bishops of Alexandria and Antioch, and stated that the primacy of the Roman see had not been established by a gathering of bishops but rather by Christ himself. Thomas Shahan says that, according to Photius too, Pope Damasus approved the council, but he adds that, if any part of the council were approved by this pope, it could have been only its revision of the Nicene Creed, as was the case also when Gregory the Great recognized it as one of the four general councils, but only in its dogmatic utterances.
Niceno-Constantinopolitan Creed
Traditionally, the Niceno-Constantinopolitan Creed has been associated with the Council of Constantinople (381). It is roughly equivalent to the Nicene Creed plus two additional articles: an article on the Holy Spirit—describing Him as "the Lord, the Giver of Life, Who proceeds from the Father, Who with the Father and the Son is worshipped and glorified, and Who spoke through the prophets"—and an article about the Church, baptism, and the resurrection of the dead. (For the full text of both creeds, see Comparison between Creed of 325 and Creed of 381.)
However, scholars are not agreed on the connection between the Council of Constantinople and the Niceno–Constantinopolitan Creed. Some modern scholars believe that this creed, or something close to it, was stated by the bishops at Constantinople, but not promulgated as an official act of the council. Scholars also dispute whether this creed was simply an expansion of the Creed of Nicaea, or whether it was an expansion of another traditional creed similar but not identical to the one from Nicaea. In 451 CE, the Council of Chalcedon referred to this creed as "the creed ... of the 150 saintly fathers assembled in Constantinople", indicating that this creed was associated with Constantinople (381) no later than 451 CE.
This council condemned Arianism which began to die out with further condemnations at a council of Aquileia by Ambrose of Milan in 381. With the discussion of Trinitarian doctrine now developed and well under agreement to orthodox and biblical understanding, the focus of discussion changed to Christology, which would be the topic of the Council of Ephesus of 431 and the Council of Chalcedon of 451.
David Eastman cites the First Council of Constantinople as another example of the waning influence of Rome over the East. He notes that all three of the presiding bishops came from the East. Damasus had considered both Meletius and Gregory to be illegitimate bishops of their respective sees and yet, as Eastman and others point out, the Eastern bishops paid no heed to his opinions in this regard.
The First Council of Constantinople (381) was the first appearance of the term 'New Rome' in connection to Constantinople. The term was employed as the grounds for giving the relatively young church of Constantinople precedence over Alexandria and Antioch ('because it is the New Rome').
The 150 individuals at the council are commemorated in the Calendar of saints of the Armenian Apostolic Church on February 17.
The Eastern Orthodox Church in some place (e.g. Russia) has a feast day for the Fathers of the First Six Ecumenical Councils on the Sunday nearest to July 13 and on May 22.
First Council of Constantinople Wikipedia
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Q: How to synchronize fetch method in redux action I am wondering how I can sync my fetch method. I want to prevent rendering data in a component before a response is returned.
Here is my redux action with my fetch method:
    export const FETCH_DATA_START = 'FETCH_DATA_START'
    export const FETCH_DATA_SUCCESS = 'FETCH_DATA_SUCCESS'
    export const FETCH_DATA_FAILED = 'FETCH_DATA_FAILED'

    export const getData = () => {
        return (dispatch) => {
            dispatch({
                type: FETCH_DATA_START
            })
            fetch(baseUrl, {
                    credentials: "include",
                    method: "GET",
                    headers: {
                        'Accept': 'application/json',
                        'Content-Type': 'application/json'
                    },
                })
                .then(res => res.json())
                .then((res) => {
                    dispatch({
                        type: FETCH_DATA_SUCCESS,
                        payload: res
                    })
                })
                .catch((err) => {
                    console.log(err)
                    dispatch({
                        type: FETCH_DATA_FAILED,
                        payload: 'error'
                    })
                })
        }

}

A: A common practice in this case is to set a flag like isFetching to true, and then display a loading spinner in your JSX based on the status of this flag.
Then when you received data, you hide this spinner and show the data.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Manifest to host tribute to Chicago House for charity this weekend
Manifest will be hosting a show called "The House Chicago Built" as a tribute to Chicago House music this Saturday, August 5, with proceeds going to support the Rebuild Foundation.
While the city and suburbanites party at Lollapalooza, Manifest is offering a 12-hour house music marathon to celebrate the past and future of Chicago house music. Despite the best intentions of Lolla's founder Perry Ferrell, the city's largest festival has no house music acts on its schedule. Manifest responded to this with "The House Chicago Built" as an alternative to the festival, while firmly honoring is alternative origins.
DJs spinning house music during the event include Jesse Saunders, who is credited with originating Chicago house's distinctive sound, Michael Sarafini, owner of Gramophone Records, and local talents.
The Rebuild Foundations hosts the Frankie Knuckles Collection, a repository of the Chicago House legend's records. Knuckles sadly passed away a few years ago, but his legacy lives on, inspiring artists like Chicago native Kaskade, who will be playing an official Lollapalooza aftershow at Prysm the same day.
House music originated in Chicago as a new kind of dance music that offered a sense of community for minority populations. Manifest seeks to continue Chicago house's venerable legacy by partnering with civic groups to raise social awareness and promote charitable causes and initiatives, such as supporting art and music education in inner-city schools and cultural development in insecure neighborhoods.
Co-founder Braeden Lord describes Manifest's mission in the city succinctly as "House music for good, [a] champion for a cause."
Tickets are available now; the event starts at 1pm at Estate in the historic Goose Island area.
On Saturday, August 5th we're thrilled to host The House Chicago Built, a rooftop celebration of house music and all those who have been a part of it. A portion of the proceeds from this event will be contributed to @theastergates' Rebuild Foundation, an organization dedicated to highlighting and preserving the contributions of black Chicagoans to the city's cultural vibrancy. Tickets via @resident_advisor
A post shared by MANIFEST (@manifest_chi) on Jul 11, 2017 at 3:27pm PDT
Tags: Chicago, Chicago house, event, House Music, Kaskade, Lolla, lollapalooza, Manifest


text:
Q: Replace SQL string in all tables at once My goal is to add www to addresses, replacing http://mywebsite.org with http://www.mywebsite.org in all tables at once.
I have tried the following, but it doesn't seem to work:
SELECT Replace('http://mywebsite.org', 'mywebsite.org', 'www.mywebsite.org')

Any help?
new edit:
i try to change this in wp_option, its a option_value string:
UPDATE wp_options SET option_value = 'http://www.iemj.org' WHERE option_value = 'http://iemj.org'

-- doesnt change
 a:4:{s:25:"dashboard_recent_comments";a:1:{s:5:"items";i:5;}s:24:"dashboard_incoming_links";a:5:{s:4:"home";s:19:"http://www.iemj.org";s:4:"link";s:95:"http://blogsearch.google.com/blogsearch?scoring=d&partner=wordpress&q=link:http://www.iemj.org/";s:3:"url";s:124:"http://blogsearch.google.com/blogsearch_feeds?scoring=d&ie=utf-8&num=10&output=rss&partner=wordpress&q=link:http://iemj.org/";s:5:"items";i:10;s:9:"show_date";b:0;}s:17:"dashboard_primary";a:7:{s:4:"link";s:26:"http://wordpress.org/news/";s:3:"url";s:31:"http://wordpress.org/news/feed/";s:5:"title";s:14:"WordPress Blog";s:5:"items";i:2;s:12:"show_summary";i:1;s:11:"show_author";i:0;s:9:"show_date";i:1;}s:19:"dashboard_secondary";a:7:{s:4:"link";s:28:"http://planet.wordpress.org/";s:3:"url";s:33:"http://planet.wordpress.org/feed/";s:5:"title";s:20:"Other WordPress News";s:5:"items";i:5;s:12:"show_summary";i:0;s:11:"show_author";i:0;s:9:"show_date";i:0;}}

A: SELECT is the command used to return information from SQL. You're seeking to UPDATE information. You have also not specified what table the information is FROM or what column it is stored in. e.g.
UPDATE tablename
SET columnname = REPLACE(columnname, 'http://mywebsite.org', 'http://www.mywebsite.org')

I recommend you backup your database before playing around in this manner.

A: It has to be in Update statement to change the dataset.
If its singular it should be;
UPDATE <table_name> SET <field_name>='http://www.mywebsite.org' WHERE <field_name> = 'http://mywebsite.org'

Mass Changing to add 'www' after 'http://';
Please do back up before you do this, especially you rely on this dataset
 UPDATE <table_name> SET <field_name>=Replace(<field_name>, replace(<field_name>, 'http://', ''), 'www.'+replace(<field_name>, 'http://', '')) WHERE <field_name> LIKE 'http://%'

Source

A: I know this is a bit old and this question may have a duplicate by now but I found/use this from time to time for similar reasons so thought I would share. Bit slow for larger databases but works great IMO. I definitely would recommend you wrap in BEGIN/ROLLBACK TRANSACTION first though to be sure it works/is safe first:
https://gist.github.com/1e76349ce8fa0d60459b58394999d749


One of the most difficult parts of separation or divorce in Pennsylvania is determining child custody. Even if the couple gets along, the stress and emotion involved in deciding child custody can turn an amicable divorce into a hostile fight. Having an experienced family lawyer by your side can help advise you of your rights, provide options, and prevent escalation of a contested child custody dispute.
Child custody in Pennsylvania can be given to one parent or shared by both parents. Custody includes "legal custody" and "physical custody." Legal custody involves the right to make major decisions on behalf of the child, including educational, medical, and religious decisions. Physical custody involves the actual physical possession and control of the child.
In most child custody situation in Pennsylvania, both physical and legal custody are shared. However, in some situations, one individual has sole legal and physical custody. Custody may also involve supervised physical custody or visits, where another adult or agency is present to monitor the interaction between the child and the parent.
In the ideal situation, custody will be mutually decided by the parties involved. The court may get involved to help the parties reach an agreement separately, or as part of a divorce. If the parents cannot come to an agreement on child custody, the courts will make that decision and issue a child custody order.
Child custody in Pennsylvania can be decided between the parents or through the courts. If the parents agree on how to divide and share child custody and responsibilities, they may not need to go through the courts to get a court order. Parents can come up with a formal plan or agree to make decisions as they come up.
When parents generally agree about child custody and visitation, it may still be a good idea to come up with a parenting plan. This is a way to formalize the plan and address issues that the parties may not have considered. In developing a custody plan, the parties need to address what to do in the case of a dispute, how much notice to give when plans change, what to do if a parent gets sick, and who else can be around to care for or pick up the child.
When disputes arise, then the courts usually get involved. This may include the court sending the parents to mediation or some other alternative dispute resolution to come to an agreement on child custody. Mediation generally involves a neutral third-party who facilitates an agreement. Unlike a judge, the mediator does not decide what the outcome will be. Instead, the mediator helps the parties come up with their own ways to settle the dispute.
Child custody is often subject to highly contentious disputes. Parents may disagree on who can provide best for the child, and in some cases, the parents may even use child custody as a negotiation tactic in the divorce. In cases of highly disputed child custody, it is highly recommended you have an attorney to represent you, to fight for your rights and make sure your children are protected.
In a child custody dispute, the court will hear from both parties, including testimony from the parents, grandparents, witnesses, and sometimes the child. Each party will also present evidence in support of their position, including medical records, school records, and other types of physical evidence.
Child custody plans can take just about any form, depending on how well the parties get along, the distance between parents, work schedules, and education plans. Some joint custody schedules include alternating every week or every other week. This may include an alternating midweek or weekend visit. This generally works best when both parents live relatively nearby, and the child maintains an equal presence in both households and both neighborhoods.
When parents live further away (or in different states) shared custody may be based around the school year. One parent may have custody of the child during the school year, with the child visiting the other parent during the summer and on school holidays.
A child custody order is a court order issued by a judge that provides the terms of physical and legal custody. The child custody order may provide for shared, partial, primary, supervised, or sole physical custody, and shared or sole legal custody for the parents, and even provide for custody for the grandparents.
The child custody order has legal authority. Violations of the child custody order could have legal repercussions, including charges for contempt of court, fines, probation, or even jail time. If you have any disputes regarding the child custody order, do not take matters into your own hands. Contact your family law attorney or the court.
If you disagree with the child custody order, you may file a request for reconsideration. You may also file an appeal with the Superior Court of Philadelphia. Make sure you talk to your attorney as soon as possible if you want to dispute a child custody order because you may have a limited to file an appeal.
When circumstances change, either parent may ask the court to modify a child custody order. The most common causes of modification include relocation, death of a parent, difficulty in finding child care, or threats to the child's safety.
The court will generally consider the same factors in deciding whether to modify the child custody order, including the best interest of the child. The court may again consider testimony and evidence in determining if a modification is warranted and how to modify the order.
Child custody orders and plans should also be revisited regularly by the parties as the child gets older. As children get older and take on new hobbies, sports, or educational interests, a modification in the child custody order may be in the best interests of the child.
One of the most common reasons to modify a child custody order involves one parent moving out the area. Especially after a divorce or separation, one parent may decide to move out of the area for a job, new relationship, or to get a fresh start. When one parent is moving far away or out of state, sharing child custody can become much more complicated.
When one parent is relocating to a different state, the court will generally hold a special hearing. Generally, a parent cannot just move without notifying the courts. The relocating parent may have to follow strict guidelines in notifying the court and the other party before the planned move. Talk to your family law attorney if you are considering relocating or moving out of state.
The court will generally consider the same factors in how to allocate child custody and responsibilities. However, the court will also consider the best interests of the child in deciding whether the child should stay with the in-state parent, move with the relocating parent, or how to split time between the two states.
Child custody is one of the most difficult parts of a separation or divorce. Even if the separation is amicable, having an experienced lawyer on your side can help you make the important decisions for your future and your children's future. Family law attorney David J. Cohen is devoted to representing the people of Pottstown, Pennsylvania, and surrounding areas. Contact the David J. Cohen Law Firm, LLC today for a consultation.