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France Figurative Arts – Romanesque Period
January 17, 2022 January 16, 2022 aristmarketing
After a long period of crisis, in the changed moral atmosphere a new society develops and consolidates; among its essential features is the foundation of monastic orders: Grandmont, Cîteaux, Chartreux, Fontevrault, Prémontrés: indication of a great spiritual movement. The noblest of these noble abbeys is Cluny (v.), Founded in 910. There is no need to remember its immense political importance, its prestige, its authority, its splendid activity, its triumph over imperial power in the struggle for the investitures. For one hundred and fifty years it was the support of the Church; and from Cluny the idea of the Crusade started. Cluny was the center of French Romanesque art. Its church of Saints Peter and Paul, destroyed by the Revolution, was the largest in Christianity: built by Sant'Ugo in 1089, it was covered in vault. The teaching of the Lombard school, already intent on the problem of building large vaults, had extended to France through Burgundy and the valleys of the Loire and the Rhone; and Cluny played a very important part in its diffusion. The Cluniac Guglielmo da Volpiano, Lombard, appointed abbot of San Benigno in Dijon, undertook in 1002 the construction of a building, covered at least in part by vaults, which at that time had an immense reputation: and still exists " roundabout". William, made daring by success, tried to renew it in Lombardy, but his ideas met with greater resistance, while instead they spread in the Rhone valley (churches of Farges, Chapaize, Saone-et-Loire; Saint-Martindu-Canigou; Saint -Guilhem-le Désert, Hérault, Saint Vorles in Châtillon-sur-Seine).
According to Ehealthfacts.org, the technique was then perfected; notable progress was achieved in the design of the pillars, in the cutting of the stones. Finally all the experiences were consecrated in the basilica of Cluny (1088). Only a fragment of the transept remains of the famous church; but there is a copy of it in the church of Paray-le-Monial, since it was a model to other churches, by virtue of the vast authority, of the order of the powerful system of abbeys, of priories scattered along the routes followed by pilgrimages, of its influence on the dioceses crossed by those roads; and, in less than half a century, all the churches of France were rebuilt and covered with vaults.
Meanwhile, the new contact with the East, produced by the Crusades, brought many oriental forms to mix with the Romanesque: the polylobed arches of Notre-Dame-du-Puy, with its Muslim doors; the festooned doors of Dorat (Upper Vienne), Moissac (Upper Garonne) or Ganagobie (Lower Alps), the polychrome arches of Vézelay, the Persian vaults of Tournus, etc.
The movement was almost simultaneous throughout France, although it was dressed in very different forms in the various provinces. This regional character constitutes one of the beauties of Romanesque France. In general, the churches have a basilica plan; but they all differ in the shape of the vaults, of the pillars and in the lighting system, which, in vaulted constructions, is a problem of the utmost importance. Circular plants, now rare, are preserved in small monuments such as the chapels of the Temple (a beautiful example is in Laon).
In the Burgundian school (see Burgundy: Art), which boasts famous monuments (Autun, Charlieu, Paray-le-Monial, Beaune, Tournus, Vézelay, Langres, etc.) the roofs are in pointed or full arch barrel vaults with transverse arches; in cross vault (Vézelay, about 1 125), in transverse vault, as in Tournus (about 1070). The decoration is often of a classical taste: in Autun there are grooved pillars; at Langres, Cluny, Charité-sur-Loire, galleries imitated by the Roman gate of Arroux in Autun; in Avallon twisted columns. The plastic decoration is exuberant, refined, full of movement, of an expressionistic style (lunette d'Autun, Vézelay, Charlieu, Anzy-le-Duc, etc.).
In the Provençal school, the single-nave basilica (Digne, Cavallon, Notre-Dame-des-Doms of Avignon) was preferred, covered by a long blind barrel vault, set on powerful internal buttresses. Sometimes, as in Vaison, Saint-Paul-Trois-Châteaux, there are also narrow aisles, often a timid dome rises at the intersection of the transept. The few windows enhance the severe and austere appearance. The decoration of the arcades is so permeated with Romanism that it seems to be the work of low antiquity (Notre-Dame-des-Doms in Avignon; Carpentras cathedral, etc.); and sometimes he magnificently develops the old theme of the triumphal arches.
Auvergne had an architecture similar to its mountains. The massive barrel vault of the main nave weighs on the secondary aisles (there are often two on each side), equipped with women's galleries; the light, penetrating from the side windows, with difficulty pierces the darkness of the interior. In the center stands a tower similar to a well. Nowhere else does a deeper mystery breathe, a more sacred terror (N.-D.-du-Port in Clermont-Ferrand; Brioude, Saint Nectaire, Orcival; churches of Conques, Aveyron; S. Sernino of Toulouse, of the type purely Auvergne). Outside, however, nothing more beautiful than an Auvergne apse: a pyramid formed by the various levels of the chapels, a slope of curved and full forms, a majestic music of deaf themes on which the acute note of the bell tower stands out.
In Poitou, the naves are of equal height, covered by long barrel vaults, supported by arches on square pillars or on rows of columns: the light coming from the aisles brings out the shapes of the colonnade, spreads into the glittering vaults of frescoes (Notre -Dame-la-Grande in Poitiers: Saint-Savin-sur-Gartempe, Vienne). Outside, a slightly strange sculptural exuberance stirs in the soft stone giving the facades a rich but enigmatic appearance vaguely reminiscent of Indian art (notre-Dame la Grande; Aulnay-en-Saintonge; facades d'Angoulême and of Santa Croce in Bordeaux; St. Eutropius, St. Peter in Saintes, etc.).
Bold and suspicious, Normandy took a long time to adopt vaulted roofs; but its facades framed by towers and crowned by spiers ought, due to their boldness, to impose themselves on Gothic architects (Santo Stefano and the Trinità in Caen; San Giorgio in Boscherville). The decoration of the portals, almost exclusively geometric, is often of an unprecedented luxury (churches of Ouistreham, of Cagny; of Mouen, Calvados, Bazouges, Sarthe). Ancient Aquitaine was the land of domes. There were discovered remains of corbels dating back to the century. IX. In the choir of Romanesque art, his school of geometric architects seems to be a family of dreamers, disciples of Pythagoras, enraptured by the harmony of the spheres. Nothing more magnificent than that abstract music, without any ornament, reduced to pure numbers as it reveals itself in the domes of Cahors, Souillac, Angoulême, and above all in the masterpiece: the Saint-Front of Périgueux. On the Isle of France, all the great monuments having been reconstructed, the activity of his school can be studied only in the minors, however very numerous: village churches, of modest size and very simple shapes, often of great refinement. The steeples, which are not very high, have a perfect shape (Nogent-les-Vierges, Tracy-le-Val). The facade is often decorated with a delicate portico (Urcel, Mareil-enDôle). The sculpture, with a Norman appearance, almost entirely geometric, is of a very pure taste.
Such is the prodigious spectacle that architecture in Romanesque France offers us. But, as early as 1130, in the same Parisian region it was creating a new style, destined for an enormous fortune.
← France Figurative Arts – Gothic Architecture
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Redlands grad aims to deliver love of reading…
Redlands grad aims to deliver love of reading to kids
Jordan Buttner, University of Redlands graduate, started the Redlands Reads program to help kids during the pandemic delivering more than 100 new, hardback books to Crafton Elementary School in Redlands on Thursday, May 20, 2021. Buttner partners with the Redlands Community Foundation, the local community and others to make it a reality. The program will donate more than 350 books in total, but is still accepting donations. (Photo by Cindy Yamanaka, The Press-Enterprise/SCNG)
By Jennifer Iyer | jiyer@scng.com | Redlands Daily Facts
PUBLISHED: May 24, 2021 at 5:38 p.m. | UPDATED: May 24, 2021 at 5:38 p.m.
More than 100 students at Crafton Elementary School in Redlands will receive a free hardcover book to call their own, and with it, perhaps, a love of reading for their whole family.
University of Redlands graduate Jordan Buttner organized the Redlands Reads campaign to garner the books this spring, to "leave a lasting mark on the community which has given me so much over the last four years."
The idea came as the coronavirus pandemic started closing down everything in spring 2020. At that point Buttner was volunteering at Totally Kids, a rehabilitation hospital in Loma Linda.
Shelli Stockton, University of Redlands director of communications, left, and Jennie Dyerly, Crafton Elementary School principal, help transport children's books which will be a surprise for the students as part of the Redlands Reads program on Thursday, May 20, 2021. "Students will love to receive a brand new, hardback book to call their own. It will help improve literacy," Dyerly says. (Photo by Cindy Yamanaka, The Press-Enterprise/SCNG)
Jordan Buttner, University of Redlands class of 2021, started the Redlands Reads program for kids during the pandemic in Redlands on May 20, 2021. He delivers more than 100 new hardback books at Crafton Elementary School on this day. The University of Redlands Hunsaker Scholar graduated with double majors in mathematics and biology with a minor in chemistry. The book lover is in the process of applying for medical school. (Photo by Cindy Yamanaka, The Press-Enterprise/SCNG)
Jordan Buttner, University of Redlands graduate, started the Redlands Reads program to help kids during the pandemic delivering more than 100 new hardback books to Crafton Elementary School in Redlands on May 20, 2021. Buttner partners with the Redlands Community Foundation, the local community and others to make it a reality. The program will donate more than 350 books in total, but is still accepting donations. (Photo by Cindy Yamanaka, The Press-Enterprise/SCNG)
The Redlands Reads program delivers more than 100 new hardback books to Crafton Elementary School in Redlands on May 20, 2021. The program will donate more than 350 books in total. More donations are still being accepted. (Photo by Cindy Yamanaka, The Press-Enterprise/SCNG)
Jordan Buttner, University of Redlands class of 2021, helps instill a love for reading with the Redlands Reads program he started for kids during the pandemic at Crafton Elementary School in Redlands on Thursday, May 20, 2021. He delivers more than 100 new, hardback books which he delivered on this day. Each book will be a surprise for the children with their name written inside. (Photo by Cindy Yamanaka, The Press-Enterprise/SCNG)
The Redlands Reads program delivers more than 100 new hardback books to Crafton Elementary School in Redlands on May 20, 2021. The program will donate more than 350 books in total. Donations are still being accepted. (Photo by Cindy Yamanaka, The Press-Enterprise/SCNG)
"When COVID hit I was no longer able to do that work, and it was something that was very important to me, interacting with those kids and their families, just brightening their days," he said.
That work included a lot of reading to children immobilized in hospital beds, and he saw how books have the power to help.
He teamed up with Crafton Elementary Principal Jennie Dyerly who told him how the pandemic and distance learning have impacted children, especially those in lower income households.
"What we're seeing with all these classes being taught online and not in-person is there is now a coronavirus slide during the school year, which is something that we really have not seen before," Buttner said.
Over the pandemic, Dyerly said, school officials "had reached out to families on home visits, and we found there are a lot of families out there that have very few, if any, books in their home."
Books, she said, can help foster a love of learning, and if students read them with other family members, they can promote literacy for the whole family.
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"Students value a book if they know it's theirs, if they don't have to give it back," Dyerly said. The goal, she added "is for students to just love this book … and find the love of reading."
Buttner has so far collected about $1,500 from the campaign, and delivered the first set of books on May 20.
He said he would love to expand the project to get books to students throughout Redlands Unified School District.
Buttner, who graduated summa cum laude with a double bachelor's in math and biology, said he plans to head home to Albuquerque, N.M., start a job as an emergency department scribe, work biomedical clinic research on the relationship between diet and cardiology.
Donations to Redlands Reads can be made on the Redlands Community Foundation website at rcf.fcsuite.com/erp/donate.
Jennifer Iyer | Reporter
Jennifer Iyer graduated cum laude from UC Riverside in 2000 with a bachelor's in creative writing and started working at The Press-Enterprise newspaper that year. After stints as night metro editor, assistant features editor, videographer, community reporter and other roles, she transferred to sister paper the Redlands Daily Facts in March 2018. Jennifer has covered wildfires, war games, courtrooms and blimp rides, been sprayed with fire retardant, and covered in bees (in a protective suit). She has interviewed celebrities on the red carpet at the Palm Springs Film Festival and homeless people in the rain. A nature enthusiast, Jennifer sold some of her nature photography prints to raise money for local nature centers and collaborated with her mother on the book "Wildflowers and Important Native Plants of the Inland Empire" by the Riverside-Corona Resource Conservation District.
jiyer@scng.com
Follow Jennifer Iyer @Jen_Iyer
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This week has gone so fast I can hardly believe its Saturday again. This is actually my last Saturday before heading back, first to Cape Town and then to England and my family who I am really looking forward to seeing again. The week flew by probably because I was having such a great time. The majority of the week has been spent cooking with my bunch of lively students.
Pain Levain or Sourdough Bread courtesy of Andrew Whitley's "Bread Matters" recipe.
Vegetarian cookery followed the next day and the final course, which was in fact the favourite of all who attended, was breads and doughs. I had been looking forward to this course as its one of my favourite subjects and something I can talk about endlessly. We cooked a variety of breads and doughs including Foccaccia, rolls, crumpets, yeasted tart dough, cornbread and a slow rise sourdough recipe which was kindly emailed to me by Andrew Whitley of Village Bakery fame.
Andrew if you are reading this there are now 5 ladies on St Helena who have taken the leaven to their houses and who are going to continue using your slow rise recipe, thank you!
This morning I opened my bedroom curtains to see a ship on the horizon, now in St Helena this is a big thing as NOTHING comes by here by accident. I have NOT heard one aircraft overhead since I got here , (apparently one does go overhead every Sunday lunchtime from Namibia to Brazil but Ive never seen or heard it). The ship was the RMS ST Helena back from her trip up to Portland in Dorset. She arrived at 7.00am and was carrying amongst others, the new Governor, Mark Capes and his wife.
The Swearing in ceremony was planned for 2.00pm and right on time, the band started up and anyone on the island in uniform (guides, scouts, police etc) marched down the street to the tune of land of hope and glory and the like. All the local dignitaries were out in their finery, hats included, for the occasion.
Unlike the UK there was silence during the speeches. It was hoped that the Governor's acceptance speech would confirm the signing off of the airport contract for the island but it didn't. It did however mention the airport and the fact that every effort was being made by the British Government to get this going. The Bishop of St Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha was on hand with prayers and then the music started up for the marching to begin again.
Next week, being my last one, is going to be packed with loose ends to tie up and packing! I have to get my belongings ready for the ship on Friday although I don't sail until Saturday which is going to create a multitude of dilemmas. On Friday I am taking part in the St Helena Food Festival which will entail running a food stall for the day so I may have to board the ship wearing chef's whites. I hope not!
What a great adventure you have had on st Helena! I am happy that you have enjoyed it so much.
Hopefully we will meet again when you are back safe in England.


Negative Calorie Foods List? What are negative calories? Negative Calorie foods have what we will refer to as a "negative calorie effect." To give you an idea of what that means, we'll go through the process. You eat an apple. The apple you consume has 80 calories however, your body's chemical processing, digestion and breakdown of that apple causes you to burn off 90 calories thus, and your negative calorie effect is –10 calories. Can you see the implications of a diet based on this premise? I do not totally believe in negative calories as I explain with an example of celery negative calories , but there is still no doubt that these are great foods to have around if you are on a diet. And do not forget ice water, which may be the greatest negative calorie food of all.
That's the negative calorie food list! Not a bad list, eh? Look the list over. Look for foods that you are already eating and breathe a sigh of relief. I mean, if you already like something in particular, isn't that half the battle? One of your chores after reading will be to find some of these foods at your supermarket. Don't despair. What you don't find at one grocery store, you may find at another. If you do not find it at the grocery store try a health food store, or farmer's market.
Really spend some time with this negative calorie foods list. Read each food item and visualize it. That's right. See each item in your mind's eye. Imagine the taste, the smell. Why do this? Self-Programming. You don't want this to be just another diet failure do you?
Do we cook them? Do we eat them raw? Both, but give emphasis on eating raw foods as you can see at the page Raw Diet Weight Loss. Use your own good judgment. One suggestion about eating these foods cooked or raw: If there's a particular food or group of foods on the list that you don't really like raw, try cooking it and vice versa. Sometimes cooking will make a food more palatable.


In 2010, Indiana voters amended the state's constitution by incorporating language on property tax caps. Known as the Circuit Breaker tax credit, these tax caps place a limit on property tax bills based on the gross assessed value of the property.
In short, if your tax bill exceeds the tax cap limit, the "circuit breaker" will be applied. You will enjoy the tax savings, while local government units will lose the anticipated revenue.
Let's say you own a home. All your property is classified as a homestead, which is your principal place of residence and up to one acre of immediately surrounding land. If your homestead is assessed at $180,000, your property tax will cannot exceed $1,800 (unless an important exception applies; see below).
Now, let's say you own a home on five non-farmed acres. The homestead portion will be capped at 1% of its gross assessed value, while the remaining four acres will fall in the 3% category (unless the exception applies).
As you can see, the Valparaiso homeowner saved about $238 from the Circuit Breaker and the Portage homeowner saved about $393. The Washington Township homeowner's tax bill didn't "hit" the tax cap limit. Even though this homeowner didn't see a tax cut due to the tax cap, this homeowner still paid a lower tax than the other two.
An important exception to the Circuit Breaker law involves taxes approved through a voter referendum. If you have a tax rate established through a referendum, this rate is calculated on your tax bill without the Circuit Breaker applied. In Porter County, voter-approved rates are in effect for the Duneland, Valparaiso, Boone Township, and Union Township school corporations.
In general, this exception means that taxpayers may still see a savings on their tax bills due to the tax caps, except for the taxes approved in a referendum.
For more information on how the tax caps affect local government, see the link to the left, "Tax Caps: Impact on Tax Units."


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Future for Fairfield's Penfield Pavilion uncertain with halt on reservations
Josh LaBella
1of5The Penfield Pavilion in Fairfield photographed on 8/27/2012. Photo by Arnold Gold/New Haven Register AG0460D Show MoreShow Less
About 300 people were on hand at the kickoff party for Rach's Hope at the Penfield Pavilion, Saturday, Mar. 2, 2019, in Fairfield, Conn.
Jarret Liotta / For Hearst Connecticut MediaShow MoreShow Less
Flags were part of party set-up outside the pavilion at the Fairfield fireworks celebration at Penfield Beach, Sunday, July 2, 2017, in Fairfield, Conn.
Stephen and Kathleen McNamara of Fairfield admire the view of the beach from the newly renovated building at Operation Hope's 16th annual "Evening of Hope Celebration" at the Penfield Pavilion, Thursday, May 4, 2017, in Fairfield, Conn.
FAIRFIELD — Officials announced a halt to new reservations at the Penfield Pavilion starting next year, as the town looks to address contaminated fill on the property and federal violations.
Officials estimate the cost of bringing the building back in line with Federal Emergency Management Agency standards, as well as testing for and remediating spots where contaminated fill was used, will cost millions of dollars.
First Selectwoman Brenda Kupchick said the town will not take reservations for the venue after Oct. 31, 2022 as they gather information and approvals to address both issues.
"That would be a better time, because we would want to do this stuff during the fall and winter," she said. "Hopefully, we'd be done by the summer season so that, regardless of what happens to the building, we don't have backhoes and everything like that in the middle of the beach."
The reasoning behind the decision, she said, is ongoing environmental testing and remediation related to the fill pile scandal, as well as the building being constructed in 2017 in violation of the regulations of the National Flood Insurance Program outlined by FEMA . She said officials hope FEMA will sign off on solutions by that point.
"In April of 2016, the prior administration was advised that the pavilion was rebuilt in violation of a number of FEMA regulations," she said. "Why they just went ahead and didn't correct them, I don't know."
Kupchick said the town had applied three times for reimbursement from FEMA for damage the building sustained during Hurricane Sandy — twice during former First Selectman Mike Tetreau's administration and once during hers. She said after the federal agency denied the $4 million reimbursement for a third time, officials notified the town again that the pavilion wasn't built to code.
"My administration did not necessarily know," she said. "We thought we just weren't getting it because they didn't fill our paperwork right or maybe the height of the thing was not correct. This letter was more detailed."
FEMA notified her administration that the placement of the horizontal grade beams in the foundation of the building are against FEMA regulations and will have to be addressed, Kupchick said, adding the prior administration was notified of this but continued with construction.
In 2012, Hurricane Sandy compromised a $5.5 million project to replace the century old pavilion. In 2017, a second project to renovate the historic building was completed.
Kupchick said she thinks the town should have hired a construction manager to handle the project, instead of commissioning a building committee like the town did. That way, she said, that company's insurance would pay if something is not built to proper specifications.
"Then, they're on the hook for it, because they are supposed to be a professional company making sure things are done appropriately," she said. "In this case, we don't have that because we had a building committee of appointed members of our community."
Kupchick said the town is in the early talks with FEMA, as officials try and figure out what the agency will sign off on to address the violations. She said any options FEMA allows the town to go forward with would cost millions.
"We know, just based on these conversations, that it's going to be a lot," she said.
Whatever the cost associated with that is, Kupchick said, is entirely separate from the testing for and remediation of contaminated soil under the building and parts of the parking lot — which is also projected to cost millions of dollars.
"The cost to remove and dispose of the contaminated fill is looking to be in the range of $2.5 million," Kupchick said at a Board of Selectman meeting last week. "There is Julian Fill underneath the Penfield parking lot, additional testing still required there. Current estimates to remediate that are between $3 and $5 million."
Also last week, the Board of Selectman voted to set aside $6.3 million for fill pile associated costs from a surplus of approximately $9.3 million in the 2020-2021 budget. Then, on Monday, the board voted to also add $585,000 in Tropical Storm Isaias FEMA reimbursement funds to the fill pile fund.
Kupchick said her goal is to get two or three options for fixing the situation from FEMA so she can present them to residents.
Kupchick also said she thinks it's important for residents to know that there is no risk in using the Penfield Pavilion or parking at the lot there.
"We had the (licensed environmental professional) do air testing in the soil all around the building, and there was no contamination," she said. "It's not being moved and you can't get under the building. The parking lot, obviously, is paved — so it's capped. There's no danger to the community in any way."
joshua.labella@hearstmediact.com
Reach Josh on
I have been with Hearst Connecticut Media since 2020. When not working, I can usually be found playing video games or Dungeons & Dragons, reading, hiking or hanging with friends.


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Weird Stuff | May 24, 2013
10 Bizarre Toilet Tales From Around the World
Mike Devlin
Few subjects are as blatantly taboo as what goes on behind a closed bathroom door. Despite being a universal human need, we tend to bury the "truth of the matter" behind shame and humor. Below are ten facts and stories about bathroom use around the world, some fun and some revolting, designed to highlight not only the differences between us, but the ways we are all the same.
Makeshift Electric Chair
Found guilty of sexual assault and murder, 28 year old Michael Anderson Godwin was sentenced to death in South Carolina. An appeal rescued him from the electric chair, but destiny apparently wasn't done with him. In March of 1989, Godwin was perched on a steel prison toilet, attempting to fix a pair of headphones attached to his television set. He bit into the wire, and was electrocuted.
Singapore Flush Fine
The city-state of Singapore is well known for its bizarre, often draconian laws. The sale of chewing gum is prohibited, as is pornography, and the possession of durian fruits on mass transit. Punishment can range from extreme fines to prison terms, as well as corporal punishment, and the death penalty. One of the stranger rules involves toilets. If you use a toilet in public and neglect to flush, police (who check randomly), can arrest you. You can be subject to a $500 fine and even a public caning for leaving behind a present for the next unsuspecting patron.
It is believed that the first toilet shown on television was featured in a 1957 episode of the sitcom "Leave It To Beaver". In the episode, Beaver and his big brother Wally order a pet alligator named "Captain Jack" from a comic book ad. Hoping to hide their pet from their parents, the boys stashed Jack in the toilet tank. It is interesting to note that network censors so feared a public backlash that they only showed the tank, not the complete toilet.
Carson and the Toilet Paper Shortage
In 1973, perhaps having no more pressing concerns, a Wisconsin congressman named Harold Froelich voiced a concern that the United States faced an impending paper shortage in the coming year. The story made very minor headlines, and would have ended there if the staff of "The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson" hadn't happened across the article. Like today's late show hosts, Johnny Carson was well known for riffing on the headlines, but on December 19, 1973, viewers took him quite seriously when he warned of a nationwide shortage in toilet paper. The next day, shoppers went wild, buying every roll off their store shelves and hoarding it. Some stores took advantage, price gouging customers on this suddenly scarce commodity. Although Carson took to the air the following night to assure his viewers the warning had been meant in a purely tongue-in-cheek fashion, the damage had been done.
The Permanent Throne
In February of 2008, authorities were summoned to the home of Kory McFarren in Ness City, Kansas. McFarren reported that there was "something wrong" with his girlfriend. What was wrong was that 35 year old Pam Babcock had been sitting on his toilet for some two years, so long that her skin had grown around the seat. Paramedics were forced to remove the seat, where it was surgically removed at the hospital. It has since been revealed that Babcock suffered from some mental disorder; when McFarren asked her to leave the bathroom, she would reply "Maybe tomorrow."
Although there was some debate as to whether or not the boyfriend would face charges, McFarren was eventually convicted of misdemeanor treatment of a dependent adult for waiting so long to seek help. He was sentenced to 6 months probation. Strangely enough, this is not the only case of a woman holding long time residence of the toilet; a Chinese woman in Singapore also held a two and a half year vigil on the bowl beginning in March of 2009. She claimed that she "felt a force holding me down".
Before Toilet Paper
Toilet paper as we know it is actually a very recent innovation, only about a hundred and fifty years old. Before Charmin, almost anything at hand was used; leaves, corncobs, and shells amongst other items. In some Asian nations, it was customary to use the left hand and a pitcher of water. This goes to explain some of the prejudice exercised toward left-handed people; throughout India and the Middle East, the left hand is considered unclean, and using it to pass someone an item is considered an insult. The use of actual paper came with the rise of department stores, who distributed catalogs to their customers. Indeed, there was a terrible backlash when the Sears & Roebuck catalog began using glossy, non-absorbent paper to publish photos.
Air Toilets
The modern bathroom is far from a universal convenience; billions worldwide have little or no access to sanitary facilities. In many Third World nations, people are lucky to have a hole in the ground. In many places, especially heavily populated slums, even that luxury is often denied. In the harshest sections of Nairobi, the capital of Kenya, the most commonly used method of waste disposal is the "flying toilet". Euphemisms are rarely more gentle; a flying toilet is little more than a plastic bag that is defecated in, then hurled away as far as possible. The streets are covered with mountains of such filth, a hazard that allows diseases such as malaria and typhoid fever to thrive. The rainy season is especially treacherous, with floodwaters washing the waste through people's homes and into their drinking water. Some entrepreneurs have begun installing public toilets and charging the public a small fee to use them, but progress toward improvement is very slow.
German Toilets
In Germany and Austria, it is common to encounter "washout toilets", which feature an inspection shelf to catch your deposit. Upon rising, you are able to inspect your leavings for health reasons (mostly to check for the presence of worms or other parasites). While this construction eliminates the possibility of the dread "splash back", it is reported that a near immediate mercy flush is required to alleviate the odor. For this reason, many Germans find it quite important to employ a good plumber in the case of emergencies.
There are few more vulnerable moments than those spent sitting on the toilet. Indeed, visiting the bathroom is not without its perils from the local wildlife. Modern plumbing has greatly minimized human contact with the deadly black widow spider, who loved to dwell in outhouses (dark areas teeming with edible insects). However, all of our innovations fail to save us from rats, who have been known to swim up through pipes and enter homes through toilets, even attacking those unfortunate enough to be sitting there at the time.
High Tech Toilets
The design of toilets has not changed much in generations; in the Western world, most toilets are of a simple flush design. However, there is a growing trend for computerized "smart toilets"; the Japanese in particular are well known for their high tech commodes. With some varieties priced well over $5,000, Japanese toilets sport an array of options more advanced than those found in most cars. High-end models have automatic lids, temperature controlled bidets, heated seats, driers, deodorizers, music, and even medical sensors with options for measuring the pulse, blood sugar, and body fat of the user. In addition to more practical developments, the Japanese have also developed bathroom video games such as Sega's "Toylet", a urinal game controlled by the stream of the player.
Mike Devlin is an aspiring novelist. He always keeps plenty of 2-ply on hand.
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text:
Q: Android stop FragmentTransaction animation Any idea on how I can stop the fade animation when invoking replace as below?
    FragmentManager     fm          = activity.getFragmentManager();
    FragmentTransaction transaction = fm.beginTransaction();

    transaction.replace(Id,Fragment,Tag);

A: simple:
 transaction.setCustomAnimations(0,0);

You can also use this method to set any custom animation you want, by passing a reference to R.anim. resource.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Hughie Fury-Andy Ruiz clash set to support Fury-Klitschko II in October; Warren says confirmation announcement will come soon
James Slater
If the plans top British promoter Frank Warren has come to fruition, there will be a huge night for British heavyweight boxing taking place on October 29th. It will also be a huge night for the two Fury's, Tyson and Hughie. As fans know, Oct. 29 is the working date (still, despite all that has happened) for the eagerly awaited Fury-Klitschko II, and Warren has written in his column in The Star how this mega-fight will indeed happen – "I expect an announcement to confirm everything is going ahead as planned soon" – and that Hughie Fury will face unbeaten Mexican/American Andy Ruiz Jr on the under-card.
The main event, the rematch of last November's fight that saw Tyson Fury out-point Wladimir in Germany, is of course the big fight, but Hughie against Ruiz is an excellent match-up all by itself. Ruiz, a far better, faster, more talented and dangerous fighter than his physique would perhaps suggest, is 28-0(19) and he has turned over some good fighters in Joe Hanks and Tor Hamer. Warren has certainly pulled off something of a coup by getting Ruiz to come over to Manchester for his UK debut.
Fury, only 21, has looked average to poor in a couple of his recent fights, but as Warren explains, Tyson's cousin was taking medication for a severe skin condition and the side effects of the medication left him "tired and lethargic."
"We sent him to a skin specialist and the expert said it was the worst case of acne conglobata he had seen in a long time," Warren said of Hughie's condition. "But he has changed his diet to help clear up the problem and he will be 100 percent on October 29. Fury has won 20 fights with the issue so how good is he going to be now he is fully fit?"
The young Fury, who has undeniable skills, is seen by many as a genuine prospect, even a world title contender. If he can do a job on the heavy-handed Ruiz, fans in the US will no doubt take note. Interestingly, the Fury-Ruiz fight will see the winner emerge as the mandatory challenger for the WBO heavyweight title, which is currently held by…………….yes, Tyson Fury!
Warren acknowledges how, if both Tyson and Hughie win in October, it could leave an interesting problem! But can Fury, both of them actually, get the win next month?
It is reassuring how Warren has, well, reassured us that the big October card will indeed go ahead as scheduled. Fans have been waiting and waiting or Fury-Klitschko II, and now they have a great under-card fight to look forward to also.
Categories: Boxing News, British Boxing
Tags: Andy Ruiz, Hugie Fury


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You Are Here: Home > 2017 Chrysler Pacifica Specs
2017 Chrysler Pacifica Specs
Inside and out, the new Chrysler Pacifica is the perfect vehicle for everyday driving and it has features that make it the ultimate vehicle for long road trips for families, friends or even animals.
Chrysler has created an all-new minivan, the 2017 Chrysler Pacifica, which sets a new precedent in family-friendly vehicles. Chrysler is known as the original creator of minivans because it introduced the first minivan in 1983, and with the detailed and thoughtful engineering seen on the Chrysler Pacifica, Chrysler is the first manufacturer to create one of the most fuel-efficient minivans and the first hybrid minivan, which will come to market this fall.
Though only recently on the market, the Chrysler Pacifica has already taken the minivan market by storm. The vehicle offers a variety of interior convenience features and an engine that offers fuel efficiency and power.The Chrysler Pacifica was also named a Top Safety Pick+ by the IIHS.
Though fuel efficient, the 2017 Chrysler Pacifica LX is also powerful. Each of the vehicle's five different trims are equipped with a Pentastar 3.6-liter, 9-speed automatic transmission that produces 287-horsepower. With an EPA classification as minivan 2, the Pacifica meets more stringent emissions and weight requirements that other minivans have not yet incorporated into their design. As a fuel-efficient vehicle, drivers will enjoy the minivan's fuel efficiency which averages 18 MPG in the city and 28 MPG when on the highway.
The all-new Chrysler Pacifica was named to WardsAuto's 10 Best Interiors List for its high scores based on materials, ergonomics, driver information, safety, comfort, and aesthetics. The Chrysler Pacifica is fitted with durable and comfortable
materials that create a luxury-feel at an affordable price.
Built for everyday living and longer trips, there are plenty of storage and convenience options, including floor storage bins and three-zone temperature control, which help to keep everyone comfortable when traveling in a full car. The Pacifica is also fitted with Chrysler's signature Stow 'n Go seating and storage, which allow the second- and third-row bucket seats to be folded flat into the floor, making the van extremely user-friendly when needing extra room for cargo.
The Pacifica LX comes standard with a 5-inch touch screen display that has easy access to the 5.0 UConnect system, entertainment features, and provides a clear picture from the vehicle's standard rear back-up camera.The minivan is fitted with 6-
speakers and active noise cancellation, which monitors and deflects unwanted sounds with opposite-tuned frequencies and enhances "pleasant" powertrain sounds.
To make things easier when getting to the car with full hands, when the key fob is in close range the vehicle will unlock. Additionally, the vehicle features a push-button start feature and the fob can electronically open both of the vehicle's sliding glass doors, which is both a convenience and safety feature for families with younger children.
Originally the Pacifica was an SUV, however the redesigned 2017 Pacifica is an aerodynamic minivan body that uses lighter materials that help it offer size and a great fuel-economy. The 2017 rides on 17-inch wheels and in case of a flat tire, there is an emergency spare. The vehicle has heated side mirrors and both of the vehicle's sliding passenger doors can be electronically opened via the car's key fob. And finally, buyers have the option of nine different exterior colors.
As mentioned earlier, the Chrysler Pacifica was named a Top Safety Pick+ by the IIHS because it received five-star crash ratings in all crash tests. The Chrysler Pacifica LX comes standard with preventative and effective safety features like a rear back-up camera, advanced multistage front airbags, and supplemental side-curtain airbags that help protect occupants in all three rows.Two optional
safety features are a rear park assist system that helps detect obstacles near the rear of the vehicle to help you maneuver in tight spaces at parking speeds, and blind spot and cross path detection systems.
Price and Warranty
The Chrysler Pacifica LX has a base price of $28,595. All Chrysler vehicles are backed by a 36,000-mile or 36-month limited basic warranty and a 60-month or 60,000-mile limited powertrain warranty. Additionally, there is five years or 100,000 miles of roadside assistance.
Interested in a Chrysler Pacifica?
At Hollywood Chrysler Jeep we have a great range of trims and prices on various Chrysler Pacifica models. We have great hours and we are conveniently located between Miami and Ft. Lauderdale. You can scheduled a test drive online or visit us in the store to check one out!


The requirement of pioneering options in drugs is only doable now with rules that define the right analysis. As a short lived measure the National Academy of Sciences has established the Research Board for Nationwide Security on the request of the Secretary of Warfare and the Secretary of the Navy. This has at all times been true and is more likely to stay so. Therefore Authorities, like business, relies on the universities, universities, and analysis institutes to broaden the essential scientific frontiers and to furnish skilled scientific investigators.
The federal government funding proportion in certain industries is higher, and it dominates research in social science and humanities Similarly, with some exceptions (e.g. biotechnology ) government gives the bulk of the funds for basic scientific analysis In business analysis and improvement, all however the most research-oriented firms focus more closely on near-term commercialisation prospects rather than " blue-sky " ideas or applied sciences (comparable to nuclear fusion ).
This battle emphasizes three information of supreme significance to national safety: (1) Powerful new ways of protection and offense are developed around new weapons created by scientific and engineering research; (2) the competitive time factor in developing those weapons and techniques may be decisive; (three) warfare is more and more total struggle, during which the armed companies have to be supplemented by lively participation of every factor of civilian population.
Research clearly present that there are talented people in every a part of the inhabitants, however with few exceptions, these with out the means of buying larger training go without it. If ability, and not the circumstance of household fortune, determines who shall obtain increased training in science, then we shall be assured of constantly enhancing high quality at every level of scientific activity.
The recommendations on this report which relate to analysis within the Government, to the discharge of scientific info, to clarification of the tax laws, and to the restoration and development of our scientific expertise now in uniform may be implemented by action inside the present construction of the Authorities. This new trendy science began to see itself as describing " legal guidelines of nature ". This updated strategy to studies in nature was seen as mechanistic Bacon also argued that science ought to aim for the primary time at sensible innovations for the improvement of all human life.


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Q: Audit and data history in java I have a set of domain objects and its related tables for application's configurations. Authenticated users can change these domain objects data thru a presentation layer. These  domain objects have very important data and I need find who and when changed their data. My application's data access layer is implemented using JPA, Hibernate and Spring. I need to have a record of every change, consisting of: User + Action Date + Action Type + previous values.
For example, let's consider a trivial domain object (simplified for the purpose of this question):
@Entity
class Connection
{
   private Long id;
   private String name;
   private String protocol;
}

Assume there is a Connection instance with the following values:
Connection
    id = 1;
    name = Web;
    protocol = HTTPS;

After a user (eg John) logins in UI and changes this connection to the following values:
Connection
    id = 1;
    name = Web;
    protocol = HTTP;

As you can see, John changes protocol from HTTPS to HTTP (a secure protocol to insecure!), as a result I need to save the history of Connection instances in another table for auditability.
I've researched for a solution for me and found following result:

*

*Trigger: one possibility is to define triggers on the tables, cons of this way is dependency to a database.

*Hibernate Envers: this solution is good but makes my DAO layer depend on Hibernate and I won't have the benefit of JPA and its provider independency.

*Spring Data Commons + hades: is good but added some column  to any entity by MappedSuperClass annotation like: Create User, Create Date, Last Update User and Last Update Date. It means storing the complete history and state of a entity.

*My own design/implementation:* I could implement a layer for this goal but I don't like this solution because I think this requirement isn't special for me and I think it's been solved by other people following best practices (I shouldn't reinvent the wheel)

Does anyone have any suggestions or solutions for this problem?
(sorry if my question is long and maybe be too basic for experts)

A: I've worked with many systems where we add extra columns to the database tables to track user ID and timestamp for audit purposes.
If you need to keep track of the previous values you can use date ranges to tell when the data was valid. For example:
from 01.01.2012 to 31.12.2012 the protocol was HTTPS
from 01.01.2013 to 'forever' the protocol was HTTP
For more on patterns of time see Martin Fowler's blog.

A: If you already use Hibernate: Hibernate Audit/Envers is the best solution.
Look, if you ever want to get rid of Hibernate, you can switch to Solution #1/#4 then.

A: You can easily use Hibernate Envers to achieve flexible auditing.
There is a small start-up example in my project on GitHub: jpauc-ear.
And read official docs with usage examples.

A: If you don't like coupling with concrete ORM, you can use http://javers.org as it's more versatile and gives support for SQL and NoSql databases


text:
Q: Android: how to enable updates in LocationListener I stop the updates with lm.removeUpdates(Loclist);
How to enable the GPS updates?
I was searching in Google and I was trying some other methods but nothing help.
Thanks in advance.

A: if you are just trying to get the GPS location
try to do this, put this code on method onResume()
lm.requestLocationUpdates(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER, 5000, 1, Loclist);

and lm.removeUpdates(Loclist) on method onPause()


This Tea Leoni Wallpaper (#28940) was scaled down in order to fit your screen. Click on the picture below to see it in high resolution. If you save it or set it as your desktop wallpaper it will be in full size.


Started July of 2016 when the Wyant Group purchased Lakeland Hyundai. However, I have been in the automotive industry since 1997.
I enjoy working with such a great crew. I also enjoy dealing with our regular customers and meeting new people everyday!
WWE!!! Can't miss my wrestling!
I spend most of my time away from work hiking and exploring different areas and taking photos along the way. I have had 11 of my photos published and have also had a couple interviews on the Weather Network.


Hayim Oshky reports on the news that the American Academy of Arts and Letters (AAAL) recently announced the winners of its 2016 awards in literature.
The AAAL encourage individual artists through a number of means, such as funding readings and performances of new works and giving awards to recognise American artist excellence. Every year, the Academy honours more than 50 writers, architects, artists and composers, chosen by committees comprised of its members, with cash awards ranging from $5,000 to $75,000.
The Reading Room writes that the AAAL has announced the winners of its 2016 literary awards. These honourees, 13 in total, were selected by committee members John Guare, Sharon Olds, Anne Tyler, Rosanna Warren, and Joy Williams. Collectively, they received over $500,000 in cash and will be honoured by the Academy at a New York Awards Ceremony, scheduled to take place in May 2016.
Noted winners include Kirstin Valdez Quade, who has already clinched a National Book Critics Circle Award. Quade won the Sue Kaufman Prize for First Fiction, a prize for a first work of fiction published in 2015, for her hit work Night at the Fiestas – a collection of unforgettable short stories. Meanwhile Branden Jacobs-Jenkins received the prestigious Benjamin H Danks Award, a $20,000 prize for exceptional young playwrights only given once every three years.
Anthony Mara was recognised for his bestselling work The Tsar of Love and Techno. He received the Rosenthal Family Foundation Award, a prize given to a young writer of considerable literary talent for a work published in 2015. Emerging talents Adam Haslett and Jesmyn Ward were given the Mildred and Harold Strauss Livings Awards. These provide $20,000 apiece to two aspiring writers to enable them to devote time exclusively to writing.
Other winners included Rachel Kushner, who was honoured with the $20,000 Harold D. Vursell Memorial Award. This gong lauds a writer whose work merits recognition for the quality of its prose style. Also, Jamey Gambrell received the Thornton Wilder Prize for Translation. Considering the fact that industry experts believe that embracing diversity is the future of publishing, it is important to honour those who excel in the field of translation.
The above mentioned writers are definitely ones to watch in 2016. From Emily Dickinson and Mark Twain to Harper Lee and John Steinbeck, American writers have played a large part in shaping modern literature. It is exciting to see who the AAAL believed deserved to be honoured with its 2016 literary awards. Their opinions can clue readers into which US writers they may wish to follow this year, as they keep provide us with compelling literature.


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Cellular Networks
LA building's lights interfere with cellular network, FCC says
By Stephen Lawson
When a certain Los Angeles office building lights up, it's a dark day for nearby cellphone users, according to the U.S. Federal Communications Commission.
Fluorescent lights at Ernst & Young Plaza, a 41-story tower near the heart of downtown, emit frequencies that interfere with the Verizon Wireless 700MHz network, the agency said in a citation issued on Friday against building owner Brookfield Office Properties.
The FCC's message comes through loud and clear in the filing: Brookfield could be fined up to US$16,000 a day if it keeps using the interfering lights, up to a total of $112,500. The alleged violation could also lead to "criminal sanctions, including imprisonment," the citation says.
Responding to complaints from Verizon, the FCC approached building management last April and was told they were already investigating. The agency said it asked Brookfield to file reports but never got them. Verizon kept complaining, so the FCC showed up with direction-finding gear and confirmed the interference was coming from the building's lights.
Verizon is still complaining of interference from those lights, so on Friday the FCC ordered Brookfield to report on what it's found and how it's fixing the problem. The agency wants a final report from them in 60 days. But Brookfield can also challenge the FCC's finding within 30 days.
The building owner declined to comment on the citation. "Brookfield strives to be a good neighbor and we are committed to resolving any technical issues associated with our properties," spokeswoman Melissa Coley said via email.
Type of lighting fixture may be culprit
The interference comes from the ballast, a transformer in the lighting fixture, according to the FCC citation. General Electric, which made the lights, said in a 2012 customer bulletin that a small number of its UltraMax ballasts "produced unintentionally high-frequency radio emissions that have the potential to cause interference with certain types of wireless communications," according to the citation. GE then told customers how to exchange the faulty products, the FCC said. GE did not respond to a request for comment.
Though they aren't used for communications, fluorescent lights are regulated as ISM (industrial, scientific and medical) equipment under the FCC's rules, and GE's lights were tested under those rules. Brookfield is being cited for operating ISM equipment that causes interference.
Ernst & Young offices in L.A.
U.S. mobile operators pay billions for frequency licenses to keep their networks free from the kinds of interference that can occur in unlicensed bands, such as Wi-Fi spectrum. Wi-Fi shares frequencies with Bluetooth, cordless phones and numerous other technologies, including microwaves that generate waves in the crowded 2.4GHz band. Carriers' licensed bands usually don't suffer from interference, and lighting is a rare source.
"It's not a common thing," said Tolaga Research analyst Phil Marshall. "If it was, we'd be hearing a lot more about it." Still, it's not unheard of. Last year, the FCC ordered a hair salon in San Antonio, Texas, to get rid of emissions from lights that interfered with AT&T's 700MHz network.
Many types of electronic equipment found in homes and offices emit electromagnetic radiation, and clashes with outside radio signals once were more common. For example, when cellular add-on cards for laptops first came out, emissions from the CPU sometimes kept the radios from working, Marshall said. In addition, there used to be laptops that put off enough radiation to interfere with onboard navigation systems on planes, said analyst Craig Mathias of Farpoint Group.
Since then, filters and shielding have improved, they said.
"All of this electronic equipment could potentially interfere with mobile phones, but care is put into the design to avoid these problems occurring in practice," Marshall said.
Stephen Lawson is a senior U.S. correspondent for the IDG News Service based in San Francisco.