Oh dear. A trip on the M54 ended with that dreaded "crack". A stone hit the windscreen and left a large chip. The chip is too large to repair. As a very rough guide, anything larger than a two-pound coin is not repairable. Prior to work commencing, I took photo's of the area surrounding the windscreen to prove there was no other damage etc. A call first to my insurer… Then a second call to Autoglass. This is where the confusion starts. Autoglass were insisting that I need the specialist glazing division. This part of the Autoglass business usually deals with coaches! No! It's a van I keep saying. In the end, and after numerous calls, a windscreen – and fitter – arrive.
First job seemed to be to remove the bonnet, then the windscreen wipers followed by the scuttle. Clearly motorhome windscreens are a more complex fit than cars. There are things like cab blinds to consider. At this rate, I would be left with just a steering wheel if more parts were removed! A piece of cheese wire (well not really cheese wire) was then slid behind the old screen and the cab frame and after a lot of energy the old screen was out.
The cab frame area was cleaned and so on and then the new Autoglass windscreen was fitted. From start to finish, the job took about sixty minutes.


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Mr Kipling maker hints at price rises ahead as it spends big to stock shelves for Christmas | Business News
Premier Foods, the owner of brands including Mr Kipling and Bisto, has hinted that prices may rise in the months ahead as it battles cost increases and fights to build resilience in its supply chain.
The company said it was "successfully navigating" the challenges facing distribution – and its efforts to keep shelves stocked had contributed to a £23m spend during the first half of its financial year to 2 October.
While Premier did not explicitly say that it was going to raise prices, a move which could be passed on to customers by supermarkets, it noted that inflation was starting to bite its bottom line.
It said: "With further inflation now evident across a variety of input costs, the group will be taking a range of actions which it expects will be effective later this financial year."
Premier Foods brands include Bisto and Angel Delight
Rising costs are being experienced globally as economies emerge from prolonged COVID-19 restrictions – with demand far outstripping supply.
Labour shortages, exacerbated by post-Brexit immigration restrictions, have compounded the issue and forced up wages for workers from delivery drivers to production staff.
Shares in Premier were down by more than 5%, despite the company's upbeat tone on its first half performance, as it revealed sales had fallen by 6.5% to £394.1m compared with the same period last year.
Pre-tax profits were almost 40% lower at just shy of £31m.
The company said the key figures were up by 7.5% and 105% respectively on a two-year basis.
It argued that the comparable numbers for last year were skewed as households stockpiled treats and food during the pandemic.
Chief executive Alex Whitehouse said: "Our brands have performed especially well, with growth versus two years ago of 11.4% and increased market share in both grocery and sweet treats, illustrating the continued success of our branded growth model.
"I am particularly pleased with how well the business is successfully navigating the widely reported industry-wide challenges including logistics, labour shortages and input cost inflation to deliver such a strong set of results, which again underlines the robustness of our operating capabilities."
But AJ Bell's investment director, Russ Mould, said of the figures: "There was nothing 'exceedingly good' about the latest offering from Mr Kipling owner Premier Foods as it soured sentiment with a significant decline in first half revenue.
"The benefit from lockdown, when people reached for its brands amid a bout of comfort eating and cooked at home rather than eating out, has faded away," he wrote.
YO! Sushi parent Snowfox tests bidders' appetite amid £750m float talks | Business News
M&S joins clothing rental revolution through Hirestreet trial

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Call Us: 0113 221 6043 / 01332 343 222
Email: rtc@sw.co.uk
ID Business Centre
Workshop Units
Laboratory Space
About Our Park
What Are The Different Types Of Commercial Property Available at RTC Business Park?
Uncategorised What Are The Different Types Of Commercial Property Available at RTC Business Park?
If you're looking for industrial property to rent in Derby, RTC Business Park should be high on your list of locations. We have a long tradition of supporting engineering innovation from the dawn of the Industrial Revolution, during which Derby was actually home to the first factory, to the modern day where many companies are proud to call Derby their home.
RTC has a variety of industrial premises available, some of which are connected to the railway network which allows for the most streamlined transport and distribution possible. These units are mainly used by companies involved in the maintenance and building of railway rolling stock and traction but could also offer opportunities for ease of shipping of large or unusual fabrications that are tough to manoeuvre by truck.
Laboratory and Workshop space
There is around 27,000 sq ft of laboratory and workshop units located on the far side of London Road, just a short journey from where the main RTC Business Park site is located. This 2.24 acre site, much like the main site, has 24/7 security and ample car parking, which is a must-have for most companies. External storage facilities can be made available, should you require them, and the facilities management team are always on hand to help with the logistics of fitting out your unit to meet your company's specific requirements. We offer flexible leases that allow you to rent both small and large units on a short or long-term basis. This means that you'll always have access to the most appropriate solution to your needs, even as those needs grow and alter.
Of course, we also offer standard office space – the most commonly needed commercial space for most companies. Our office space to rent in Derby is concentrated into our three central blocks, which offers a total of 260,000 sq ft in total. Following a massive programme of improvement, our offices now offer all the mod-cons that you'd expect to find in the modern office block, such as effective temperature control, on-site catering and more. Each block has a shared central reception area with lift access to upper floors, improving accessibility throughout the building. All of our units also benefit from 24-hour security, building maintenance, grounds upkeep, parking, insurance and the inclusion of heating and power costs within the lease, setting us apart from our competition.
In addition to our standard cellular and open-plan offices, we also have "incubation" suites which are designed to provide ambitious new start-up businesses with the best possible environment in which to prosper. These suites range from 100 to 450 sq ft.
Another necessity for most businesses is conference space – for large meetings and events with external partners, you need a professional space that's tailored to sharing and communicating in a productive way. Our conference rooms are available to rent by the hour and can be used for meetings, conferences or other events that you may be looking to host. If needed, our facilities management team can arrange catering to ensure that your meeting is one to remember!
What Size Office Space Will Your Company Need?
Why RTC Business Park Should Be Your Company's Commercial Property
What To Expect In The Modern Office Space
What Makes The Perfect Business Location?
Address: RTC Business Park,
London Road, Derby DE24
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Cruise Port Connection - Jacksonville,FL Reviews, Port Contacts & more..
• Exit at State Road 9-A South, Exit #362-A (one mile past the Jacksonville International Airport).
• Take State Road 9-A South for six miles to Heckscher Drive Exit (State Road 105).
• Turn right on Heckscher Drive (State Road 105).
• Cross over New Berlin Road and go about a 1/2-mile.
• Turn left on August Drive into the cruise terminal entrance.
• Take I-95 North through Jacksonville.
• Exit at Heckscher Drive, Exit #358-A (State Road 105 North), also known as "Zoo Parkway".
• Stay on Heckscher Drive (SR 105 North)/Zoo Parkway North.
• Pass the Jacksonville Zoo and travel about four miles.
• Turn right on August Drive into the cruise terminal entrance.
• Stop at the Guard Station.
• I-10 East toward Jacksonville.
• Take I-295 North (this becomes State Road 9-A), Exit #356.
• Pass the interchange for I-95, staying on I-295/SR 9-A South for six miles to Heckscher Drive Exit.
• Turn right on Heckscher Drive (SR 105 South).
• Leave the airport via Airport Road, traveling east toward I-95.
• Take I-95 South for one mile.
• Exit at State Road 9-A South, Exit #362-A.
• Take State Road 9-A South for six miles.
• Turn right on Heckscher Drive (SR 105).
• Atlantic Boulevard West to State Road 9-A North.
• Take State Road 9-A North over the Dames Point Bridge (also known as the Napoleon Bonaparte Broward Bridge).
• Take the first exit off the bridge, Heckscher Drive (SR 105).
• Turn left on Heckscher Drive (SR 105 South).
• Travel about one mile.
• Fenced, lighted, outdoor parking lot, patrolled by JAXPORT Security 24-hours a day.
• Accepted forms of payment: U.S Dollars; Major Credit Cards.
• Full payment due upon entering the parking lot.
• Oversized vehicles requiring more than one space will pay $25.00 per day.
• The parking lot is adjacent to the terminal building, requiring only a short walk.
Note: There is a fee of $2.50 for each commercial vehicle leaving the cruise terminal with passengers in the vehicle. This pertains to all commercial passenger carrying vehicles with a capacity of 12 passengers or less: Taxis, Airport Shuttles, Limos, Vans, Hotel Courtesy Shuttles, etc.
For commercial vehicles leaving the cruise terminal with 13 or more passengers, there is a $50.00 fee. This pertains to all commercial passenger carrying vehicles: buses and motorcoaches. This fee will be waived if the bus or motorcoach pays to park in the JAXPORT parking lot for the duration of the cruise. The driver would be required to show the paid parking receipt to the attendant responsible for collecting the fees.
Jacksonville, although small by most urban standards, is the United States largest city in land area, measuring more than 850 square miles. Though not known for its abundance of hotels, it won the bid to host Superbowl XXXIX in 2005. The shiny, modern skyline flashes "New City', while just a few miles up river is the site of one of the oldest European settlements in the New World.
It's Port has helped make a huge difference to the City by enticing 12 cruise ships to anchor in the waters of its St. John's River. Its neighboring restaurants are proud to boast one for every taste and every budget, all served with southern charm.
Called 'humid subtropical" Jacksonville is warm but not as hot as South Florida. Temperatures range between 70 degrees to 92 degrees in July and 61 degrees to 38 degrees in December.
St Augustine is about a 45 minute drive from Jacksonville, Florida ( 40 miles). Between Jacksonville & St Augustine there are an abundance of white sandy beaches, ample recreational adventures and history dating back to before the birth of the USA.
As the oldest continuously occupied city in the United States, the City of St Augustine, founded in 1565, is the home to numerous historical sites, including the Castillo de San Marcos National Monument, the Lighthouse Museum and Park and the Fountain of Youth. Visitors may choose to walk through the City gates, once used to protect the City. They may meander through the country's oldest central plaza, downtown St Augustine, or explore Antique Row dotted with large Victorian-style homes and shopping delights.
Enjoy the natural beauty of the area, the unique characteristics of its surrounding communities, and the rich historic and archaeological resources of this part of Florida. Residents and travelers alike can enjoy the quality of life and the abundance of resources on offer.
Hotel Ponce de Leon - Flagler College. St Augustine boasts of this and many other examples of the opulent architecture of Henry Flagler during what has come to be known as "The Flager Era".
Mission Nombre de Dios. On this site in 1565, Pedro Menendez de Aviles landed and proclaimed the site for Spain and the Church. It was here that Menendez knelt to kiss a wooden cross presented to him by Father Francisco Lopez de Mendoza Grajales, chaplain of his expedition. It was on these grounds that Father Francisco Lopez would celebrate the first parish Mass.
Castillo de San Marcos National Monument. Built from 1672 to 1695, it served primarily as an outpost of the Spanish Empire, guarding St Augustine and also protecting the sea route for treasure ships returning to Spain.
Antique Row. Located in the City, Antique Row is dotted with large, victorian-style homes and shopping delights.
Plaza de le Constitution. The Plaza, located at the center of the historic colonial town, overlooks the Matanzas Bay and the Bridge of Lions. Included within the Plaza are the public market, a band stand and several important monuments.
St George Street. Walk through time on your journey through the old European pedestrian shopping village. St George offers the traveler a variety of shops and restaurants, as well as historical and cultural experiences.
Fort Mose Historic State Park. Fort Mose, the first legally sanctioned free black community, was home to many escaped African born slaves fleeing the English plantations to the north. They made their way to St Augustine during the late 1600's and early 1700's.
Fountain of Youth. Ponce de Leon's Fountain of Youth National Archaeological Park exhibits foundations and artifacts of the first St Augustine mission and colony. Enjoy the privately owned Landmark Spring, Explorers' Globe and the Navigators' Planetarium where the star pointer reveals the ancient mysteries of celestial navigation as you track Ponce de Leon's voyage to the New World.


Ever since I've become President, people often approach me and ask, How are you doing? My answer is generally a simple but honest, I'm learning. Then comes the inevitable moment of confusion, as they were expecting the usual upbeat perspective of a CEO. They say something like, Oh, it's that bad? The exchange forces me to clarify how excited I am to be a leader right now because I love to learn. There is nothing I'd rather be doing than learning. It often isn't easy and I've made mistakes.
Knowing our limitations is what makes us human; ignoring them is what helps us believe we can lead.
Having a sufficiently big ego means you're comfortable enough not to have one at all.
Leadership for Maeda is about vision, communication, and community building, and this book is primarily an exploration of the challenges of communication and convening in learning communities. Although he had initially set off in one direction, using electronic media to communicate to his constituencies as college president, but now, in this book, he offers pained and poignant cautions and caveats.
A leader's job is to get people on board with his vision. Computers make it so simple to communicate. Social media like blogs and Twitter have made it even easier to broadcast to thousands. Ironically though, with all the communication technologies at our disposal today, it's still difficult to get a message across to the person sitting right next to you in a reliable fashion.
More exposure to information doesn't equate to true understanding.
I've come to realize, however, that while technology may make it more convenient to communicate, it doesn't improve our ability to get a point across.
Nowadays, I try to minimize blogging and email, which I had so favored when I arrived here at RISD.
Maeda explores the value of transparency, a central element of our age, and finds it wanting. It may offer some value to make one's thinking and decisions more public and more visible, but it doesn't mean constituencies will understand or agree any better just because it is out there. Educational leadership communication, like Presidential politics in Iowa and New Hampshire, he has learned, will always be more a retail than a wholesale vehicle.
His advice? Be human, be concrete, be present, be receptive, be vulnerable.
A simple trick to achieve clarity: use "for example." Facts are usually much more useful when presented with examples that enable an audience to connect with information at a deeper level. A "for example" is often what we need to make the light bulb of clarity go on not just for the audience but for you as the leader.
what I've become more and more enamored of it the simplicity of a conversation between two people. It is high bandwidth, engaging, interactive, and, putting on my fiscal hat, expensive. Yet I've discovered it is the greatest tool that a leader really has and is her best chance to get a point across.
The audience doesn't necessarily listen to the graphics [no matter how terrific they are] but instead they respond directly to the pitch of my voice…. assume that the audience is non-English speaking, even in the US. What is important is the tone, hand gestures, and emphasis in the voice.
So I've given up on Facebook as the best means to pull people together and have turned to a more traditional technology: free food. Since my years as a professor, I have seen the two words "free pizza" scribbled onto a sign or in the subject line of an email as a powerful motivator to convene large numbers of students who might not be inspired by other possible two word combinations.
Food and fire have brought people together since the beginning of time. I'm not so good at making a fire, but luckily I can cook, and I've used that skill on a variety of occasions. Making people work together can be fairly challenging, but getting them to eat together is somehow vastly easier. A meal is often a catalyst for a conversation that can lead to collaboration, and a meal is a natural happening to signify closure when collaboration is completed. And yes, I've gained weight since beginning as president so I can literally feel the collaboration happening.
As a blogger myself, and a fond user of Twitter for learning, sharing, collaborating and networking, I am clearly a fan of social media in educational leadership. Indeed, I recently offered a back cover blurb for a recent book written by several friends, Communicating and Connecting with Social Media: A Guide for Principals (if you are interested in my blurb, click on the book's Look Inside, then "Back Cover"). But as much as I continue to believe they have their purposes and value, electronic communications will never be more important than personal and face to face ones. Greeting students and parents at the drop-off curb, spending time lingering before, during, and after parent association meetings and athletic events, and yes, eating pizza and other good foods together are at the core of educational leadership, forging community and strengthening communications one constituent at a time.
I can't say upon reading this that I believe President Maeda has "redesigned leadership." It is almost the opposite: he has rediscovered primal and emotional leadership: he is reaching backwards and inwards, not forward to the future or upwards to the virtual world. But this little book is a valuable, human, humane meditation on the most important element of leadership: communicating and connecting one person at a time.
We often forget the WHY and the HOW which are far more important than the WHAT we do. "People don't care how much I know until they know how much I care.".
The tweets still have their place, just not taking the place of the former.


Michelle Obama mania has taken over, and for good reason.
Michelle Obama mania is a term I am coining to describe the infatuation the world has with the former First Lady following the success of her memoir 'Becoming'. In the UK, 64,732 copies were sold in the first five days and it was the best-selling book in the US in 2018. Michelle's face is everywhere but her message rings as loud and as clear as ever; women's stories are powerful, and conversations bring women together, their influence cannot be understated.
Michelle's refreshing candour and charisma has been the highlight of talk shows and women's groups over the past year, as though leaving the White House has made her revive her role as Michelle Obama rather than being defined by her husband's success. Her book insists that politics was never intended to be more than a chapter in her life, and her agreement to Barack's campaign was decided by her values as a citizen and not a wife. Nevertheless Michelle was a pivotal figure in the Obama campaign that made her Husband the first Black President of The United States. Discussed in the memoir is the former first Lady's feeling that others in the White House setting underestimated and doubted her, which led to her own self doubt about her decision making and intelligence. Despite this Michelle was able to overcome these habits of self scrutiny, a feeling so many people can relate to and struggle to voice.
Michelle speaks candidly about her marriage in 'Becoming,' about working through the challenges she and Barack have faced together. She opens up about attending marriage counselling which alleviated some of the problems they struggled to resolve. Her readiness to discuss these issues in the Memoir comes from a desire to educate young people and dispel any assumptions that marriage is an easy thing to enter into, or that her and Barack haven't worked on issues. The taboo that prevents people talking about marriage counselling only serves to alienate those suffering. She goes on to speak about their issues with infertility, and how her own infertility made her question herself as a woman. Because so few people are prepared to discuss their struggle to conceive it made her feel 'broken' and alone. It is through hearing these stories that women feel less alone in the struggles that are universally faced by all women. Michelle's willingness to open up about things that potentially contradict her image as part of a 'perfect' first family only emphasise that every person has their problems but that these do not have to define the narrative of your life. She handles her issues with the utmost grace and courage in sharing these stories.
Michelle Obama is a figure that women in 2019 aspire to be, someone who grows up in a working class Black community on the south side of Chicago, and attends Princeton University then Harvard law through sheer determination and hard work. A modern embodiment of the American dream and a hero to women all over the world, her book sales speak for themselves, 'Becoming' has started a conversation about what it is to be a woman and how as women our stories are essential for others to learn and thrive. I am very here for Michelle Obama mania.


With unseasonably warm weather persisting well into the fall, mosquito-borne illnesses remain a serious health threat for Tennessee horses.
A horse in Dyer County and a horse in Gibson County both recently tested positive for West Nile virus (WNV). Additionally, a horse in Chester County has tested positive for Eastern equine encephalitis (EEE).
Both WNV and EEE are viral diseases transmitted to horses by infected mosquitoes.
Vaccines have proven to be a very effective prevention tool for both WNV and EEE. Horses that have been vaccinated in past years will need an annual booster shot. However, if an owner did not vaccinate their animal in previous years, the horse will need the two-shot vaccination series within a three- to six-week period.
In addition to vaccinations, horse owners also need to reduce the mosquito populations and their possible breeding areas. Recommendations include removing stagnant water sources, keeping animals inside during the bugs' feeding times, which are typically early in the morning and evening, and using mosquito repellents.
Clinical signs for WNV include flulike signs, where the horse seems mildly anorexic and depressed; fine and coarse muscle and skin fasciculations; hyperesthesia (hypersensitivity to touch and sound); changes in mentation (mentality), when horses look like they are daydreaming or "just not with it"; occasional somnolence (drowsiness); propulsive walking (driving or pushing forward, often without control); and "spinal" signs, including asymmetrical weakness. Some horses show asymmetrical or symmetrical ataxia. Equine mortality rate can be as high as 30-40%.
Clinical signs of EEE include moderate to high fever, depression, lack of appetite, cranial nerve deficits (facial paralysis, tongue weakness, difficulty swallowing), behavioral changes (aggression, self-mutilation, or drowsiness), gait abnormalities, or severe central nervous system signs, such as head-pressing, circling, blindness, and seizures. The course of EEE can be swift, with death occurring two to three days after onset of clinical signs despite intensive care. Horses that survive might have long-lasting impairments and neurologic problems.


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Land and Property Rights
399land administration offices established or upgraded
77,968stakeholders trained
352,975parcels corrected or incorporated in the land system
320,722land rights formalized
As of 12/10/18 2:41 pm
Land Rights in Cabo Verde Open Up Opportunities for Investment
Through the Cabo Verde Compact, MCC has helped the people of Cabo Verde secure legal rights to their land and clarify property boundaries – making them more likely to invest in their land and maximize its economic potential to drive growth.
MCC and its partner countries have invested in land and property rights projects because of the critical role that land, natural resources and other property assets play in economic development. These projects empower the poor and strengthen the investment climate for firms by helping improve access to land for productive use, clarify laws that define property ownership, set up or strengthen the institutions where property rights are recorded, and create record-keeping mechanisms for those rights.
Access to a small farm plot can be vital to the day-to-day survival of a rural family, providing family members with food, household income and the possibility of lifting themselves out of poverty. Access to well-managed grazing areas can support livestock for entire rural communities. In urban or peri-urban areas, ownership of a small building or other property asset can provide a poor family with shelter or space for entrepreneurial activities. A well-functioning land and property rights system is equally essential for investors and companies large and small to have the confidence to invest and the ability to efficiently and predictably obtain the land they need to start and expand businesses, including in services and manufacturing. Successful land projects can have systemic and long-lasting impact on economic growth and poverty reduction.
To generate these impacts, MCC's partner countries have used MCC land funding to:
develop and implement new land laws, regulations and procedures;
formalize land rights for landholders;
form new land administration institutions or strengthen and streamline the operations of existing institutions;
decentralize land tenure services to local levels;
improve the functioning of land markets;
launch new instruments for recording land rights;
identify and map boundaries of communities and other jurisdictions;
complete land use planning to optimize uses of land and access to land resources;
develop industrial land that better meets the needs of manufacturing firms;
design and implement national strategies to manage land more productively; and
pilot improved land dispute resolution processes.
These interventions have been innovative and, in some cases, unprecedented in MCC's partner countries.
Summary of MCC's Land Projects—Compacts
Benin $31.0 million October 2006–October 2011
Burkina Faso $58.3 million July 2009–July 2014
Cabo Verde $17.7 million November 2012–November 2017
Ghana $4.2 million February 2007–February 2012
Indonesia $43.1 million April 2013–April 2018
Lesotho $17.9 million September 2008–September 2013
Madagascar $29.6 million July 2005–August 2009
Mali $0.9 million September 2007–August 2012
Mongolia $25.3 million September 2008–September 2013
Morocco $170.5 million June 2017–June 2022
Mozambique $39.5 million September 2008–September 2013
Namibia $23.1 million September 2009–September 2014
Nicaragua $7.2 million May 2006–May 2011
Niger $9.8 million January 2018-January 2023
Senegal $4.9 million September 2010–September 2015
Summary of MCC's Land Projects—Threshold Programs
Liberia $7.1 million July 2010–December 2013
Zambia $3.6 million May 2006–February 2009
Country Programs
To date, MCC has invested approximately $494 million in land programs across 15 of its 33 signed compacts and two threshold programs. New investments are in development.
Active Compacts
Morocco Employability and Land Compact
MCC's compact with Morocco includes a $170.5 million Land Productivity Project. This investment comprises three activities: a) a Land Governance Activity, which will support the development and implementation of a long-term land strategy to address governance and land market constraints to investment and productivity; b) a Rural Land Activity, which aims to increase rural productivity by streamlining the process for privatizing collective lands, while making it more inclusive and more protective of the rights of land holders, including women; and c) an Industrial Land Activity to transform the current state-driven process for developing industrial land to one that optimizes public investment and attracts private sector participation in the financing, development, management and operation of industrial zones.
Niger Compact
MCC's compact with Niger is expected to increase rural incomes by increasing the production capacity and sustainability of natural resources, and by improving select links of key agricultural product value chains. The compact will invest in integrated water management; new infrastructure, including small- and large-scale irrigation systems, market platforms and improved roads; sustainable management of natural resources; and sustainable agricultural production. These activities will benefit rural producers whose livelihoods are derived from the agriculture and livestock sectors. Central to the compact is a land tenure security component to help farmers and pastoralists have reliable, inclusive and long-term access to land improved under the compact. A transparent, participatory and fair allocation strategy of lands improved under the compact is essential to reduce the risk of land conflict. Activities to reinforce local land governance include, (i) development of local land tenure profiles, including mapping of land rights, (ii) development by local stakeholders of criteria for land allocation, (iii) formalization of the allocated land rights by obtaining the appropriate land titling instruments, iv) building capacity of local land governance agencies, v) development of local land use plans, and vi) reinforcement of mechanisms to improve management and resolution of land conflicts.
Closed Compacts and Threshold Programs
Benin Compact
In Benin, two parallel systems of land rights—a generations-old customary system and a colonial statutory system—have made the process of registering, buying, selling or claiming land confusing and sometimes impossible for the average landholder. People who had traditionally used a parcel of land and had passed it down for generations, were not always assured that it was legally theirs. As a result, they had difficulty selling or leasing it, and were reluctant to invest in it. Passage of the Benin Rural Landholding Law of 2007 enacted the principle of recognition of customary rights in land as equal to civil law property rights. It established written documents, like a rural landholding plan and rural landholding certificate, as legal instruments for assertion and protection of these rights. The $31.0 million MCC-funded Access to Land Project produced rural landholding plans in more than 295 villages, officially documenting and registering customary land rights and allowing them to be recognized and protected in courts of law and used in contractual dealings with third parties. Landholding plans were produced using newly installed continuously operating reference stations (CORS) to collect and record data in an automated manner, allowing for data to be easily accessible and for surveyors to work more quickly and precisely.
Burkina Faso Compact
In Burkina Faso, the lack of titles and registration of land parcels created a situation where people were never sure that their land rights were secure, and therefore were reluctant to make investments to make the land more productive. A new rural land tenure law, supported by the $58.3 million Land Project within the compact, included measures to enhance access to land tenure services by decentralizing aspects of land management to local communities and provided tools for legal recognition of legitimate but previously unrecorded and undocumented rights to land that were rooted in traditional tenure systems. Extensive outreach to project beneficiaries and stakeholders supported enhanced understanding of new land legislation, increasing awareness of the project's rural land governance activities and benefits.
Cabo Verde Compact II
In Cabo Verde, attracting foreign investment in the tourism industry has been hampered by unreliable land registration data and uncertainty about land rights. The $17.7 million Land Management for Investment Project digitized and indexed core documents within the registry to enable faster search of property records, and linked these files to municipal-level property information. The computerized system will improve the reliability of land information, increase the efficiency of transactions, clarify parcel rights and boundaries and strengthen protection of land rights, especially for targeted islands with high investment potential. This is expected to attract more large and small investors and reduce time and cost of procedures.
Ghana Compact
In Ghana, the $4.2 million land activity within the compact included a pilot project to map and survey more than 2,500 hectares of land on which inhabitants did not have formal land rights. Neighboring communities observed the success of the project and have requested similar formalization of the land parcels, jump-starting work in an area that had been at a standstill for years. The government is now better trained and equipped to carry out new formalization efforts. More than 25 percent of land titles were issued to women, consistent with the level of women's ownership reported in recent World Bank studies. These results did not require legal action, but rather were achieved through public outreach campaigns that emphasized gender equity. These campaigns were reinforced by gender specialists included in community outreach teams.
Indonesia Compact
In Indonesia, lack of clarity regarding licensing of land use rights and other natural resources and disputed village boundaries significantly hinders government land use planners and service agencies from effectively managing critical natural resources. This, in turn, deters sustainable investment. The Indonesia Compact included a $43.1 million participatory land use planning activity that invested in administrative boundary setting, updating and integration of land use inventories, as well as enhancing spatial plans at the district and provincial levels. Clear maps and community-generated natural resource use plans will set the stage for sustainable land management and a more predictable and stable investment environment.
Lesotho Compact
In Lesotho, rapid growth and uncontrolled expansion of informal housing in urban and peri-urban areas resulted in large numbers of residents with clearly defined property rights. The $17.9 million MCC Land Administration Reform Activity provided legal title to the occupants of these parcels at no cost, bringing them officially into the formal sector. The occupants are possess a formalized property asset whose value is expected to appreciate substantially, and will have new incentives to invest in their homes. The 2010 Land Act, passed with assistance from MCC, establishes greater land tenure security for all land occupants, helps protect against arbitrary land seizure and establishes a simplified framework for systematic land regularization. In addition, new legislation and MCC compact support established a new professional land administration authority that is autonomous in operations, self-sustaining, and provides efficient and cost-effective land administration services to public and private users. Finally, the Legal Capacity of Married Persons Act, adopted as a condition to the MCC compact, enhances gender equity in land holdings and transactions, allowing women to have the same rights as men to possess, inherit, buy and sell land for the first time.
Liberia Threshold Program
In Liberia, the general public was poorly informed of how their traditionally held property rights fit into the legal system. MCC's $7.1 million Land Project helped develop a new national land policy, clarifying harmonization of customary land tenure systems with statutory law. A multi-media public outreach program increased public understanding of property rights issues and informed the public of the importance of registering deeds and methods to avoid fraud and other abuses. The program sought to rebuild public confidence in the system of land administration.
Madagascar Compact
In Madagascar, the national land registration system was in serious decline and could not meet the needs of citizens to register their land or resolve land disputes. Decaying paper records were in such poor condition that they could not be easily used for reference. Moreover, centralized land registry offices were inconveniently located and were inaccessible to most people. To solve this problem, the $29.6 million Land Tenure Project opened new decentralized land offices in municipalities in targeted areas of the country. These offices gave municipal governments the tools and human resources to issue land certificates providing legal recognition of traditionally held rights, in a manner more accessible to the population than traditional land titles. At the same time, regional land administration offices were rehabilitated or constructed and a major document conservation and archiving initiative was undertaken, improving the ability of the existing regional land administration institutions to serve the communities' needs.
Mali Compact
In Mali, the Alatona Irrigation Project built a 5,000-hectare perimeter of irrigated land suitable for rice production. In order to assure that these newly irrigated parcels would be allocated fairly and transparently, a new branch of the local property registration office near the irrigated areas was established and equipped to prepare and issue titles to the land through the $900,000 Land Allocation Activity. Strong efforts to encourage women to participate in the MCC project led to significantly greater rates of joint titling of five-hectare farms in the names of both husbands and wives than was anticipated. These results did not require legal change, but rather were achieved through public outreach campaigns that emphasized gender equity, reinforced by gender specialists who were included in the community outreach teams.
Mongolia Compact
In Mongolia, an outdated land registration system took months or years to process simple transactions like buying or selling land or obtaining building permits, and could not keep up with land transactions that were actually taking place. MCC's $25.3 million Property Rights Project supported improvements to the system, making it more accurate, accessible and efficient, allowing Mongolians to feel more secure about making longer-term investments in their homes and businesses. The improvements were further supported by changes to laws and regulations that facilitated linkages between land mapping and property registration systems and simplified the process by which urban residents could become land owners. The project also developed and implemented a system whereby groups of herders in peri-urban areas could lease pasture land. This system replaced the practice of treating all land as a communal resource, which was contributing to overuse and degradation of pasture lands. This new system of leasing helped improve livestock productivity and sustainable use of rangeland resources.
Mozambique Compact
In Mozambique, there was no digitized system of maps and property records that could be used as a reference when citizens wanted to register land transactions or resolve disputes. The $39.5 million Land Tenure Project supported capacity building for cadastral services in four northern provinces and a reconfiguration of the national Land Information Management System. MCC funds provided equipment and technology for cadastral offices, training of provincial district and municipal cadastral employees and technical assistance to cadastral offices to implement new technology and streamlined procedures. Once these technologies were in place, the project completed systematic land registration and titling for more than 250,000 households with informal holdings of land.
Namibia Compact
In Namibia, open community access to common pasture land and poor land management led to over-grazing and land degradation. This threatened rural livelihoods, particularly those of the poor, many of whom depended on common lands as their only land resource. MCC's $23.1 million Land Access and Management Project helped produce registration maps in more than 150 villages showing rights to individual parcels and unallocated pasture land for community members and land administration officials to use as tools to manage the sustainable use of land resources for the benefit of the community. An extensive national and local outreach strategy made citizens aware of their land rights, and an automated registration system was developed and installed at the national and local levels to assure access to accurate and secure land rights information.
Nicaragua Compact
Nicaragua had an outdated land registration system that could not keep pace with changes in the real estate market. Few citizens held legal titles, complicating the processes for buying and selling land while creating fear of losing their land among landholders. Through the $7.2 million Property Regularization Project, passage of a public registry general law created the necessary legal framework for to establish an Integrated Cadastre and Registry System, allowing for electronic registration of real estate and reduced processing time. A land titling pilot activity resulted in the distribution of more than 2,800 property titles.
Senegal Compact
In Senegal, the $4.9 million Land Tenure Security Activity strengthened capacity of the local institutions responsible for land administration in the zone targeted by the Irrigation and Water Resource Management project. Reinforced local capacity improved land administration and mitigated the risk of conflict arising from increased demand for irrigated land. At the same time, the activity laid the foundation for transparent, fair and effective procedures for allocation of land rights in project zone and elsewhere in the Senegal River Valley.
Zambia Threshold Program
In Zambia, the $3.6 million land activity of the country's threshold program enacted a series of measures that streamlined and improved the transparency of the land registration process, reducing the median length of time to process a sale-transfer of commercial property from 70 days to fewer than 30 days. To achieve this increased efficiency, the project reorganized the Lands and Deeds office, installed modern scanning and indexing equipment, and computerized portions of the cadastral index mapping.
Outreach to Private Sector Helps MCC Analyze Economic Constraints
Letter from Cabo Verde: Empowering People to Reduce Poverty, Drive Growth
Developing Morocco's Industrial Zones to Spur Investment
A Strengthened U.S. Commitment to Global Food Security
Principles into Practice: Irrigated Agriculture and Property Rights and Land Policy Investments
Remarks by Jeanne Hauch, Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary, at the Indonesia Closeout Event
Highlights from MCC's Indonesia Compact
Message from Millennium Challenge Corporation's new CEO Dana J. Hyde
Readout from MCC Board of Directors April 2019 Quarterly Meeting
Press Readout from MCC Board of Directors Meeting on April 3, 2018
MCC Celebrates the Closeout of the Five-year, $66 Million Cabo Verde Compact
MCC VP Travels to Cabo Verde to Mark Compact Closeout
See more News Releases
Sri Lanka Intent to Sign CN
Property Rights and Land Policy Common Indicator Report
Senegal Intent to Negotiate CN
Morocco Post Signing CN
See more Documents


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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12 Years a Slave is a 2013 period drama film directed by Steve McQueen, based on the 1853 memoir by Solomon Northup In the antebellum United States, Solomon Northup (Chiwetel Ejiofor), a free black man from upstate New York, is taken and sold into the trade. ... more on Wikipedia
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